bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MODEL OF INDIVIDUALLY GROUP ASSIGNMENT OF ACCESS TO HIERARCHICALLY ORGANIZED OBJECTS OF MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Гулов Владимир Павлович , Хвостов Виктор Анатольевич , Косолапов Владимир Петрович , Сыч Галина Владимировна 
Published: April 2021

Проведен анализ моделей управления доступа используемых в настоящее время в системах защиты информации. На основе анализа достоинств и недостатков дискреционной, полномочной и ролевой моделей при осуществлении доступа мобильных систем субъектов с различными потребностями и ролями к иерархически организованным информационным объектам медицинских информационных систем предложено использовать управление доступом на основе тематическо - иерархической политики. На основе анализа организационной структуры медицинской организации и типовых модулей медицинских информационных систем, имеющих иерархическую структуру при которой тематика объекта доступа определяется тематическими узлами классификатора с автоматическим распространением на объекты классификации всех соответствующих подчиненных тематических узлов, субъектам доступа предоставляются права на доступ к объектам, тематика которых соответствует одному или нескольким узлам классификатора с автоматическим распространением прав работы на документы с тематикой соответствующих подчиненных узлов. Предложены методы формирования тематических решеток, обеспечивающие контроль безопасности информационных потоков. В статье предлагаются методы задания матрицы достижимости по чтению, записи и выполнению разных субъектов доступа к объектам доступа с монорубрицированной и мультирубрицированной иерархической тематической классификацией
The analysis of access control models currently used in information security systems is carried out. Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of discretionary, authoritative and role models when accessing mobile systems of subjects with different needs and roles to information objects of medical information systems, it is proposed to use access control based on a thematic hierarchical policy. Based on the analysis of the organizational structure of a medical institution and typical MIS modules, having a hierarchical structure in which the subject of the access object is determined by the thematic nodes of the classifier with automatic distribution to the classification objects of all corresponding subordinate thematic nodes and access subjects are granted access rights to objects whose subject matter corresponds to one or several to the nodes of the classifier with automatic distribution of the rights to work on documents with the subject of the corresponding subordinate nodes, methods for the formation of thematic lattices are proposed to ensure the security control of information flows. The article discusses methods for setting the reach ability matrix for reading, writing and executing different subjects of access to access objects with monorubric and multi-categorized hierarchical thematic classification
Atuação de empreendimentos em coworkings de Uberlândia-MG
Authors: Thaffenne Santos Oliveira Rebecca , Freire de Oliveira Márcia 
Published: April 2021

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os impactos dos Coworkings, localizados em Uberlândia-MG, para as empresas que estão instaladas nesses espaços. Procurou-se compreender a rotina de trabalho, tais como as vantagens e desvantagens de se trabalhar em um espaço de Coworking e os benefícios gerados. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas feitas com seis proprietários dos Coworkings e cinco gestores de empresas que estão instaladas nesses espaços. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram que os espaços de Coworkings contribuem diretamente e indiretamente para os empreendimentos que atuam nesses espaços, sendo a economia de custos e a infraestrutura do local os maiores benefícios gerados. Entretanto, a compreensão das características do modelo de Coworking é uma das principais dificuldades para proprietários e empresas atuantes.
La novela negra entre realidad, historia y ficción. "El caso Bonapelch", de Hugo Burel
Authors: Gatti Riccardi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2021

La novela El caso Bonapelch, que Hugo Burel (Montevideo, 1951) publicó a mediados de 2014, representa el caso más significativo de incursión en el género policial del autor uruguayo. Sobre la base de una anécdota temática que conecta la ficción con la historia real del país durante los años treinta, Burel crea un personaje, el inspector Santini, que –en sus tentativas frustradas de resolver el entonces célebre caso policial– bascula entre la dimensión de la ficción y los sucesos históricos. En el relato se evidencia, por una parte, la intuición de utilizar el género policial como herramienta discursiva para la representación de elementos socio-históricos idiosincráticos de la cultura local; por otra parte, el texto narrativo reelabora los modelos canónicos del género policial.
Malnutrition in hospitalized older patients. Clinical case
Authors: Ostapenko V. S. , Balaeva M. M. , Runikhina N. K. , Krylov K. Yu. 
Published: April 2021

Malnutrition is a common geriatric syndrome, which often undiagnosed, leads to impaired physical and mental functioning and patient prognosis. Geriatric patients admitted to hospital with acute and subacute conditions and pain syndrome are in an especial risk zone. The article presents a clinical case of the development and correction of malnutrition in an 84-year-old patient with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. Risk factors and existing approaches to the management of patients with malnutrition are discussed.
Estimates of the Early Electromagnetic Emission from Compact Binary Mergers
Authors: Li 李 Yan 彦 , Shen 申 Rong-Feng 荣锋 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Compact binary mergers that involve at least one neutron star, either binary neutron star or black hole–neutron star coalescences, are thought to be the potential sources of electromagnetic emission due to the material ejected during the merger or those left outside the central object after the merger. Since the intensity of these electromagnetic transients decays rapidly with time, one should pay more attention to early emissions from such events, which are useful in revealing the nature of these mergers. In this work, we study the early emission of kilonovae, short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and cocoons that could be produced in those mergers. We estimate their luminosities and timescales as functions of the chirp mass, which is the most readily constrained parameter from the gravitational wave detections of these events. We focus on the range of chirp mass as 1.3–2.7 M
⊙, which is compatible with one of the merging components being a so-called “mass gap” black hole. We show that the electromagnetic observation of these transients could be used to distinguish the types of the mergers when the detected chirp mass falls in the range of 1.5–1.7 M
⊙. Applying our analysis to the subthreshold GRB GBM-190816, we found that for this particular event the effective spin should be larger than 0.6 and the mass of the heavier object might be larger than 5.5 M
⊙ for the phenomenological Steiner–Fischer–Hempel equation of state.
Two X-Ray Plateaus of Gamma-Ray Bursts: Energy Injection from Nascent Magnetars with an Evolving Magnetic Inclination Angle
Authors: Xu M. , Tang Q. W. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As the central engine of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), a nascent magnetar can release its rotational energy by magnetic dipole radiation. This energy is injected into the outflow of the GRB jet. With the rapid evolution of the magnetic inclination angle, the perpendicular component of the magnetar’s surface magnetic field decreases rapidly. The energy loss rate of the magnetar is characterized by two different timescales. This peculiar two-stage energy injection model will affect the shape of the X-ray afterglow light curve. It is shown that a new shallow decay phase will emerge following the initial shallow decay phase. As a result, there could be two plateaus in the X-ray light curve. The effects of various physical parameters on the light curves are studied in detail. It is found that the observed afterglows of GRB 161217A and GRB 190114A, both having two plateaus in the light curve, can be well fitted in our framework.
Progenitor Dependence of Hadron-quark Phase Transition in Failing Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Zha Shuai , O’Connor Evan P. , da Silva Schneider André 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We study the consequences of a hadron-quark phase transition (PT) in failing core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) that give birth to stellar-mass black holes (BH). We perform a suite of neutrino-transport general-relativistic hydrodynamic simulations in spherical symmetry with 21 progenitor models and a hybrid equation of state (EoS) including hadrons and quarks. We find that the effect of the PT on the CCSN postbounce dynamics is a function of the bounce compactness parameter

. For

, the PT leads to a second dynamical collapse of the protocompact star (PCS). While BH formation starts immediately after this second collapse for models with

, the PCS experiences a second bounce and oscillations for models with

. These models emit potent oscillatory neutrino signals with a period of ∼1 ms for tens of milliseconds after the second bounce, which can be a strong indicator of the PT in failing CCSNe if detected in the future. However, no shock revival occurs and BH formation inevitably takes place in our spherically symmetric simulations. Furthermore, via a diagram of mass-specific entropy evolution of the PCS, the progenitor dependence can be understood through the appearance of a third family of compact stars emerging at large entropy induced by the PT.
Exploring the Origin of Thick Disks Using the NewHorizon and Galactica Simulations
Authors: Park Minjung J. , Yi Sukyoung K. , Peirani Sebastien , Pichon Christophe , Dubois Yohan , Choi Hoseung , Devriendt Julien , Kaviraj Sugata , Kimm Taysun , Kraljic Katarina , Volonteri Marta 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ever since a thick disk was proposed to explain the vertical distribution of the Milky Way disk stars, its origin has been a recurrent question. We aim to answer this question by inspecting 19 disk galaxies with stellar mass greater than 1010
M
⊙ in recent cosmological high-resolution zoom-in simulations: galactica and NewHorizon. The thin and thick disks are reasonably reproduced by the simulations with scale heights and luminosity ratios as observed. We then spatially classify the thin and thick disks and find that the thick disk stars are older, metal-poorer, kinematically hotter, and higher in accreted star fraction, while both disks are dominated by the stars formed in situ. Half of the in situ stars in the thick disks are formed before the galaxies develop their disks, and the rest are formed in spatially and kinematically thinner disks and then thickened with time by heating. However, the 19 galaxies have various properties and evolutionary routes, highlighting the need for statistically large samples to draw general conclusions. We conclude from our simulations that the thin and thick disk components are not entirely distinct in terms of formation processes but rather markers of the evolution of galactic disks. Moreover, as the combined result of the thickening of the existing disk stars and the continued formation of young thin disk stars, the vertical distribution of stars does not change much after the disks settle, pointing to the modulation of both orbital diffusion and star formation by the same confounding factor: the proximity of galaxies to marginal stability.
Syntaxonomy of the xero-mesophytic oak forests in the Republic of Tatarstan (Eastern Europe)
Authors: Kozhevnikova Maria , Prokhorov Vadim 
Published: April 2021

Aims: To develop a syntaxonomic classification of the xero-mesophytic broad-leaved oak forests of the Republic of Tatarstan with a preliminary analysis of their unique ecological features. Study area: The Republic of Tatarstan (European part of the Russian Federation). Methods: A total of 91 relevés were processed. Most of them (73.6%) were sampled in Tatarstan during 2016 and 2017, the remaining ones (26.4%) were historical published data. They were classified by means of a modified TWINSPAN algorithm using total inertia as a heterogeneity measure. Diagnostic, constant, and dominant species were identified using analytical tools in the JUICE 7.0 program. Results: The xero-mesophytic forests of the study area were assigned to four clusters. We describe two of them as new associations: Astragalo ciceri-Quercetum roboris ass. nova and Sanguisorbo officinalis-Quercetum roboris ass. nova. We classify them within the class Quercetea pubescentis. Conclusions: Our study is the first attempt to classify thermophilous and xero-mesophytic oak forests of the Republic of Tatarstan using the Braun-Blanquet system.
Taxonomic reference: Czerepanov (1995).
Syntaxonomic reference: Mucina et al. (2016) unless stated otherwise in the text.
Abbreviations: GIVD = Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases; NMDS = Non-metric multidimensional scaling.
Les citoyens prennent leur destin énergétique en main
Authors: Nicoloso Barbara 
Published: April 2021

Longtemps tenus à l’écart de la question énergétique, les citoyens s’en emparent désormais sous de multiples formes : production d’électricité par l’éolien ou le photovoltaïque, investissement dans des chaufferies collectives au bois, des centrales hydroélectriques ou des unités de méthanisation, constitution de communautés d’énergie citoyenne… La loi sur l’autoconsommation devrait accentuer la tendance, même si la résistance au renouvelable s’organise (phénomène NIMBY).
BOTH BONE FRACTURES OF THE FOREARM: A REVIEW OF SURGICAL VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH UNION
Authors: Rosacker James A , Kopta Joseph A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: A review of 54 patients with both bone fractures of the forearm was undertaken in order to determine the relationship of various fixation devices to the treatment success rate. Three major types of fixation were utilized: conventional plates, compression plates and intramedullary rods.
Only one patient had primary bone grafting, regardless of the degree of comminution. Eleven patients had delayed bone grafting an average of five months post injury. There was one non-union. Nineteen patients had open reduction delayed from one to three weeks and all healed primarily.
All fractures which were anatomically reduced healed primarily, regardless of the type of fixation. The highest incidence of anatomic reduction (74%) was achieved with compression plate fixation. Conventional plate fixation was accompanied by the lowest incidence of anatomic reduction.
COMPARISON OF COMPLICATIONS OF TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS, AND OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Lakatos Joseph , Csádkányi L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Between 1971 and 1985, 3080 arthroplasties were performed. The authors analyze patients reoperated because of primary surgery complications. Of the primary arthroplasties (2889), there were 1788 operations performed for primary osteoarthritis, and 379 hip replacements for rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Reoperation rates in both groups were the same (3.4%). In the group with rheumatoid arthritis, the rate was 1.45%, much lower than the osteoarthritic group.
CANCER RISK AFTER MCKEE-FARRAR TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT
Authors: Visuri Tuomo , Koskenvuo Markku 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Cancer incidence in 433 McKee-Farrar total hip replacement patients, operated on between 1967 and 1973, was examined for 5729 person-years, to the end of 1981. The expected number of natural deaths was slightly higher than observed, suggesting some selection of the operated patients. The risk of total cancer incidence did not increase, but the risk for site-specific cancer did because there were no cases of kidney or bladder cancer, or rare forms of cancer. The risk of leukemias and lymphomas increased, and the risk of breast cancer decreased; these results were surprisingly similar to those of a study from New Zealand. This study concluded that patients with total hip prostheses have a cancer morbidity differing from the general population. The role of chrome-cobalt - molybdenum alloy in carcinogenesis requires further investigation.
SIMPLE BONE CYSTS IN CHILDREN TREATED WITH METHYLPREDNISOLONE ACETATE
Authors: Rud Bjarne , Pedersen Niels Wisbech , Thomsen Per B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Eleven children with simple bone cysts in the proximal humerus metaphysis were treated with intracavity infiltration of methylprednisolone acetate. Nine patients were treated once; the remainder required second injections. Five lesions resolved completely, while six healed sufficiently to eliminate the risk of pathologic fracture, and to permit physical activities without restrictions. Simple bone cysts can be treated satisfactorily with injection of methylprednisolone acetate, thus obviating surgery.
PAINFUL INTERNAL DISC DERANGEMENTS OF THE LUMBOSACRAL SPINE: DISCOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT BY POSTERIOR LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION
Authors: Schechter Neil A , France Matthew P , Lee Casey K 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Results of surgical or non-surgical treatment of patients with chronic persistent low back pain, but without clearly demonstrable diagnosis of disc herniation, spinal stenosis, or spinal instability, range between 50% to 80% of success rates in the literature. Between 1984 and 1988, the authors reviewed 25 consecutive cases of internal derangements of the lumbar disc treated by subtotal disc excision and interbody fusion. AU patients had chronic, persistent, or frequently recurring low back pain resistant to active nonoperative treatments for a minimum of 3 months (mean: 16); no evidence of disc herniation, stenosis, or instability; no previous operation; single level of the pathologic condition in L-S spine; and diagnosis made by clinical information, CT, MRI, and/or discography. Ages ranged from 25 to 51 (mean: 38 to 40). Average follow up was 2 years (range: 13 to 57 months). In addition, 20 patients (32 discographies) who had available information of discography, MRI, and CT scan of the L-S spine, were reviewed for the relationship between disc morphology, pressure, volume, and pain response during discography. Overall clinical results for the 25 patients were: 58% excellent (15 of 26), 31% good (8 of 26), and 11% fair (3 of 26). No patients were in the "poor" category. The successful fusion rate was 95%.
VARIATION IN APPLIED FORCE DURING INSERTION OF CEMENTED FEMORAL PROSTHESES
Authors: Stone Martin H , Wilkinson Rosemary , Stother Ian G 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Information is presented on forces applied to cemented prostheses during insertion. An instrumented femoral pusher was used to collect information during simulated operations on cadavers while using a laboratory test rig and during live surgery. Surgeons using flanged or collared prostheses tend to apply more force than those using coUarless prostheses. There is a tendency for abrupt changes in applied force to occur when: 1) clearing cement; 2) easing hand discomfort; and 3) testing cement consistency. Tests showed that an overall impression of the force applied could be obtained from a laboratory simulation, but that clearing cement and testing cement were not modelled by this method. We discuss the implications of our observations in terms of prosthesis fixation and training of staff.
THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS FOLLOWING TRAUMA SURGERY: INCIDENCE AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Paiement Guy D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Thromboembolic disease is an unusual condition in the general community. The incidence of symptomatic acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is very low in the general population before the age of 50 years. After the age of 50 years, the annual incidence increases.
Thromboembolic disease is, however, a major cause of death and morbidity among hospitalized patients. In this setting, it has been estimated that pulmonary embolism (PE) kills about 100 000 Americans each year, and contributes to the death of another 100 000. It is probably the most common preventable cause of death in hospitalized patients. Thromboembolic disease is a cluster of related conditions, many of them clinically silent. DVT and PE manifest themselves with very general symptoms, making the clinical diagnosis (symptoms and physical signs) insensitive and nonspecific.
TREATMENT OF ESTABLISHED DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS: A REVIEW OF THE THERAPEUTIC ARMAMENTARIUM
Authors: Berkowitz Scott D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Although it has never been evaluated by an appropriately designed clinical trial, there is a strong impression that acute symptoms of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are improved by heparin treatment. The first experimental evidence showing that anticoagulants were effective in reducing mortality from PE came in landmark study by Barritt and Jordon in Lancet in 1960. In 1986, Hull et al demonstrated that failure to attain an adequate anticoagulant effect with heparin in patients with proximal vein thrombosis is associated with a high rate of recurrence.
Current practice favors admission to the hospital of patients with venous thromboembolism to be treated with intravenous (IV) heparin for at least 4-5 days, overlapped with initiation of warfarin. Four randomized trials evaluating continuous intravenous (CIV) vs. subcutaneous (SQ) heparin administration in the treatment of DVT found no significant differences in the observed rates of clinically important events. Thus, SQ route heparin is as efficacious and would allow treatment at home. Low molecular weight heparins, when released by the FDA for this indication, will make this more feasible.
Is Urban Frostbite a Psychiatric Disorder?
Authors: Pinzur Michael S , Weaver Frances M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We reviewed the records of 20 patients admitted with a diagnosis of frostbite. In addition to their thermal injury, all had overt, or covert, psychiatric disease. This prompted us to review hospital records of patients admitted to the Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) Hospital system with a diagnosis of frostbite. During fiscal years 1991 and 1992, 37% and 36.7% of all patients admitted to DVA hospitals had a psychiatric disorder as primary or secondary diagnosis. When we selected those patients who additionally had a primary or secondary diagnosis of frostbite, the incidence increased to 61% and 65.6%, respectively. Urban patients with frostbite sufficiently severe to necessitate hospital admission have concomitant psychiatric disease at a rate that far exceeds the expected. Urban patients admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of frostbite should be carefully screened for the presence of psychiatric disorder.