bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
„Potem przemówił komendant Brygady naszej tow. Hiszpan w języku niemieckim i tow. kapt. tłumaczył”
Authors: Tryuk Małgorzata 
Published: December 2021

And Then the Commander of Our Brigade, Comrade Spanish, talked in German and Comrade Captain Interpreted. Interpretation in the International Brigades during the Civil War in Spain 1936-1939
The aim of the present article is to describe multilingual interactions at the XIII Jarosław Dąbrowski International Brigade between volunteers of different nationalities, mainly Poles, and the Spanish population as narrated by Boruch Nysembaum, a communist from Warsaw and a participant of the Spanish Civil War. At the same time, it is the first presentation of onthe- spot memoirs written by a volunteer who did not return from this war. On the basis of his narrative, the article tries to answer the questions concerning the way volunteers, who lacked adequate foreign language skills, communicated with the Spanish population and with other volunteers, the forms of their communications, and finally, the specific characteristics of this multilingual communication.
Visible light communication with OLEDs for D2D communications considering user movement and receiver orientations
Authors: Chaleshtori Zahra Nazari , Zvanovec Stanislav , Ghassemlooy Zabih , Khalighi Mohammad-Ali 
Published: December 2021

With the increasing use of organic light emitting diodes in lights, smart phones, wearable smartwatches, and computers, visible light-based device-to-device (D2D) communications has become more and more relevant. We propose D2D communications using smart phones’ display pixels and their built-in cameras. We investigate the impact of receiver orientation and user mobility on the link performance. We derive a Gaussian model for the probability density function of the delay spread and optical path loss (OPL), and show that the channel delay spread decreases for a typical furnished room compared with an empty room, whereas the former has an increased OPL. In addition, we show that for the case of a furnished room and considering user mobility, the peak OPL values are about 64 and 62 dB, with and without considering the receiver’s random orientation, respectively.
Silicon-integrated nonlinear III-V photonics
Authors: Xie Weiqiang , Xiang Chao , Chang Lin , Jin Warren , Peters Jonathan , Bowers John E. 
Published: December 2021

Mainstream silicon photonic integrated circuits are based on compact and low-loss silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide platforms. However, monolithic SOI-based photonics provides only a limited number of functional device types. Here, to extend the on-chip capabilities, we propose a general heterogeneous integration approach to embed highly nonlinear III-V (AlGaAs) photonics into the SOI platform. We develop low-loss AlGaAs-on-SOI photonic circuits with integrated Si waveguides and showcase sub-milliwatt-threshold (

∼
0.25

mW

) Kerr frequency comb generation in ultrahigh-

Q

AlGaAs microrings (

Q

over

10

6

) at the telecom bands. Our demonstration complements existing mature Si photonics technology with efficient nonlinear functionalities provided by III-V and propels conventional Si photonics into emerging nonlinear photonic applications towards fully chip-based nonlinear engines.
Herausforderungen und Handlungsempfehlungen für die VR-basierte Zusammenarbeit mit digitalen Nomad*innen und anderen Remote-Arbeitenden
Authors: Hofeditz Lennart , Löffler Ulrike , Strathmann Clara 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungVirtual Reality (VR) Technologien sind weit mehr als bloße Plattformen für Videospiele und Unterhaltung. Sie dienen Unternehmen aus unterschiedlichen Branchen als Werkzeuge zur Verbesserung der virtuellen Kommunikation und Teamarbeit. Insbesondere bei Mitarbeiter*innen, die in weit verbreiteten Teams arbeiten, kann VR dazu dienen, Probleme zu visualisieren und die Zusammenarbeit zu erleichtern. Viele Unternehmen beschäftigen jedoch nicht nur festangestellte Mitarbeiter*innen, sondern auch Freiberufler*innen und digitale Nomad*innen. Diese sind zwar oft flexibel und gut qualifiziert, jedoch stellen sie Unternehmen auch vor neue Herausforderungen, da ihr Selbstverständnis des Arbeitens oft mit den festen Strukturen der Unternehmen kollidiert. VR Technologien können dazu beitragen, die Zusammenarbeit mit Freiberufler*innen, digitalen Nomad*innen und anderen Remote-Arbeitenden zu erleichtern. Die Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze, die mit dem Einsatz von VR verbunden sind, wurden jedoch noch nicht systematisch untersucht, obwohl VR-Technologien immer häufiger zum Einsatz kommen. Deshalb werden in diesem Beitrag die Ergebnisse einer systematischen Literaturanalyse zu den Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätzen präsentiert und mit acht Remote-arbeitenden Expert*innen diskutiert. Dazu wurden vier Kategorien von Herausforderungen ermittelt: Organisatorische, unternehmensbezogene, benutzerbezogene und technische Hindernisse. Für jede Kategorie werden entsprechende Handlungsempfehlungen bereitgestellt. Dieser Beitrag bietet erste Einblicke in die Nutzung von VR Technologien zur Verbesserung der Zusammenarbeit von digitalen Nomad*innen und anderen Remote-arbeitenden Freiberufler*innen und zeigt Unternehmen einen innovativen Ansatz auf. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse können ebenfalls angewendet werden, um aufkommende Herausforderungen zu identifizieren, zu vermeiden und zu adressieren. Dies verbessert die virtuelle Zusammenarbeit in Unternehmen und unter digitalen Nomad*innen und Freiberufler*innen.
Impact of COVID-19 on pornography use: Evidence from big data analyses
Authors: Lau Way Kwok-Wai , Ngan Lionel Ho-Man , Chan Randolph Chun-Ho , Wu William Ka-Kei , Lau Benson Wui-Man 
Published: December 2021

Introduction
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to radical changes in social distancing awareness and affected social relationships. Owing to large-scale lockdown, home quarantine and social distancing requirements, it was anticipated that sexual activities would be severely impacted. However, retrospective self-report studies showed that pornography use and autoerotism increased during the pandemic.

Aim
This study used big-data databases available on the Internet to investigate factors that modulated pornography use during the pandemic.

Methods
Daily relative search volume (RSV) data from Google Trends for the period from 24 February 2020 to 13 July 2020 were extracted. Pornhub traffic data were extracted from the Pornhub Insights website, for the period from 24 February 2020 to 13 July 2020. The parameter was defined as ‘percent change in traffic compared to an average day in 2019’. The number of daily new cases of COVID-19 was extracted from the database on Our World in Data.

Outcome measures
The normality of the data was examined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. All variables included in this study were non-normally distributed. Therefore, non-parametric tests or parametric tests with bootstrapping were adopted where appropriate.

Results
According to Google Trends, the RSV for ‘pornography’ increased after late March 2020, which is close to the date when the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. The number of daily new cases of COVID-19 was positively correlated with the traffic of Pornhub, a popular pornography website, and the RSV for ‘pornography’. Moderation analysis demonstrated a significant main effect of daily new cases of COVID-19 and the RSV for ‘social distancing’ in predicting Pornhub traffic/RSV for ‘pornography’. Furthermore, the RSV for ‘social distancing’ significantly moderated the relationship between daily new cases and Pornhub traffic/RSV for ‘pornography’. A stronger COVID-pornography use association was observed with increased social distancing awareness.

Conclusion
Increased pornography consumption during the pandemic was observed, and it was associated with the severity of the pandemic. Social distancing awareness could be a key factor influencing interest in and use of pornography. Further studies on the changes in sexual desire and birth-rate control are worthwhile because long-term public health may be affected by the changes in sexual behaviour during the pandemic.
Care for capabilities: Implementing the capability approach in rehabilitation of patients with neuromuscular diseases. Study protocol of the controlled before-after ReCap-NMD study
Authors: Bloemen Bart , Pijpers Eirlys , Cup Edith , Groothuis Jan , van Engelen Baziel , van der Wilt Gert Jan 
Published: December 2021

Background
High quality care of patients with neuromuscular diseases requires a personalised approach that focuses on achieving and maintaining a level of functioning that enables them to be in a state of well-being. The capability approach states that well-being should be understood in terms of capabilities, the substantial opportunities that people have to be and do things they have reasons to value. In this Rehabilitation and Capability care for patients with Neuromuscular diseases (ReCap-NMD) study, we want to investigate whether providing care based on the capability approach (capability care) has an added value in the rehabilitation of patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMD).

Methods
Two groups of 30 adult patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy or myotonic dystrophy type 1 will be included. The first group will receive rehabilitation care as usual with a follow-up period of 6 months. Then, based on theory, and experiences of patients and healthcare professionals, capability care will be developed. During the following 3 months, the multidisciplinary outpatient rehabilitation care team will be trained in providing this newly developed capability care. Subsequently, the second group will receive capability care, with a follow-up period of 6 months. A mixed methods approach is used with both qualitative and quantitative outcome measures to evaluate the effect of capability care and to perform a process evaluation. The primary outcome measure will be the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.

Discussion
The ReCap-NMD study is the first study to design and implement a healthcare intervention based on the capability approach. The results of this study will expand our knowledge on how the capability approach can be applied in delivering and evaluating healthcare, and will show whether implementing such an intervention leads to a higher well-being for patients with NMD.

Trial registration
Registered at Trialregister.nl (Trial NL8946) on 12th of October, 2020.
DHEA and polycystic ovarian syndrome: Meta-analysis of case-control studies
Authors: Benjamin Jiby Jolly , K. MaheshKumar , Koshy Teena , K. N. Maruthy , R. Padmavathi 
Published: December 2021

Background
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a heterogenous endocrine disorder characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, hirsuitism and polycystic ovaries. It is further complicated by metabolic syndrome, infertility and psychological stress. Although the etiopathogenesis is unclear, many studies have pointed out the role of stress in this syndrome. DHEA, being a stress marker is being used by scientists to compare the stress levels between polycystic ovarian cases and healthy controls. However, the results obtained from previous studies are equivocal.

Objective
To perform meta-analysis and find the association between stress and the syndrome.

Data sources
Relevant data till January 2021 were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science using MeSH terms.

Study selection
Case-control studies having PCOS subjects as cases and healthy women as controls were selected provided; their basal DHEA levels were mentioned in the published articles.

Data extraction
Two authors independently extracted the articles and qualified the final studies.

Data synthesi
Pooled meta-analysis was done using random effect model and showed level of DHEA statistically significant in PCOS compared to healthy controls (SMD = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.59–1.71).Heterogeneity was statistically significant as well (I2 = 95%).

Conclusion
Thismeta-analysis on DHEA and PCOS has helped in generating evidence regarding the involvement of stress in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
Questioning North Korea’s digraphic inflection point: Kim Il Sung’s 1964 and 1966 conversations with linguists reconsidered
Authors: Strnad William 
Published: December 2021

Kim Il Sung’s 1964 and 1966 conversations with linguists are appropriately deemed important as the establishment of the North’s “cultured language” as a standard, as well as guidance related to language purification and script. In the analysis of inflection point related to language planning and policy in the North, is the often guidance on re-enshrinement of teaching “Chinese characters” (hanja) in North Korean education. Clearly this was official pronouncement of functional, synchronic digraphia, which has been preserved and operationalized down to the present. Scholarship on these conversations, amounting to policy guidance, attribute the shift in policy related to script as an inflection point. The author of this article concurs with its importance, but with respect to digraphia in the North, the conversations related to hanja instruction served as a confirmation for what was a broad trend in North Korean language planning during the years 1953-1964, a language planning and policy fait accompli, diminishing the portrayal of the conversations as a digraphic inflection point in North Korea.
Underutilization of workers: an analysis according to the lean management philosophy in basic education
Authors: Besser Freitag Alberto Eduardo , Barreto de Oliveira Alexandre 
Published: December 2021

One of the eight wastes that Lean production, inspired by the Toyota Production System, proposes to study is the underutilization of workers, that is, the inadequate use of their intelligence. The sense is to provide listening and participation in improvement projects, of professionals who have experience in daily life and, in many cases, consistent academic qualifications. The objective of this work is to study the importance of the participation of teachers and employees of a basic education school in the construction of new routines and work methods, in the context of the Lean management philosophy, justified by the scarcity of scientific literature on the subject. Brazil has about 184,000 basic education schools with one million four hundred thousand teachers working from kindergarten to the ninth grade of elementary school, and of these, 83.2% have a college degree, a percentage that grows every year. About the schools, 21.7% are private, 61.3% municipal, 16.6% state, and 0.4% are federal schools. As a research methodology, a systematic review of the literature was adopted, based on the PRISMA protocol, allowing the identification of 53 records, 14 of which were included in the literature review, due to their adherence to the researched subject. The main contribution of this paper is the identification of a research gap involving the underutilization of workers and adoption of the Lean management philosophy in the education sector, as well as a conceptual proposal of the positive impact on the educational organization results by not underutilizing workers, without wasting their intelligence.
Composition of binary quadratic forms over number fields
Authors: Zemková Kristýna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article, the standard correspondence between the ideal class group of a quadratic number field and the equivalence classes of binary quadratic forms of given discriminant is generalized to any base number field of narrow class number one. The article contains an explicit description of the correspondence. In the case of totally negative discriminants, equivalent conditions are given for a binary quadratic form to be totally positive definite.
Multiplicity of solutions for a class of fourth-order elliptic equations of p(x)-Kirchhoff type
Authors: Chung Nguyen Thanh , Naghizadeh Zohreh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper deals with a class of fourth order elliptic equations of Kirchhoff type with variable exponent

Δ

p
(
x
)

2

u
−
M

(

∫
Ω

1

p
(
x
)

|

∇
u

|

p
(
x
)

d
x

)

Δ

p
(
x
)

u
+

|

u

|

p
(
x
)
−
2

u
=
λ
f
(
x
,
u
)
+
μ
g
(
x
,
u
)

in
Ω
,

u
=
Δ
u
=
0

on
∂
Ω
,

$$\begin{array}{}
\left\{\begin{array}{}
\Delta^2_{p(x)}u-M\bigg(\displaystyle\int\limits_\Omega\frac{1}{p(x)}|\nabla u|^{p(x)}\,\text{d} x \bigg)\Delta_{p(x)} u + |u|^{p(x)-2}u = \lambda f(x,u)+\mu g(x,u) \quad \text{ in }\Omega,\\
u=\Delta u = 0 \quad \text{ on } \partial\Omega,
\end{array}\right.
\end{array}$$

where

p

−

:=

inf

x
∈

Ω
¯

p
(
x
)
>
max

1
,

N
2

,
λ
>
0

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
p^{-}:=\inf_{x \in \overline{\Omega}} p(x) \gt \max\left\{1, \frac{N}{2}\right\}, \lambda \gt 0
\end{array}$

and μ ≥ 0 are real numbers, Ω ⊂ ℝ
N
(N ≥ 1) is a smooth bounded domain,

Δ

p
(
x
)

2

u
=
Δ
(

|

Δ
u

|

p
(
x
)
−
2

Δ
u
)

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\Delta_{p(x)}^2u=\Delta (|\Delta u|^{p(x)-2} \Delta u)
\end{array}$

is the operator of fourth order called the p(x)-biharmonic operator, Δ
p(x)
u = div(|∇u|
p(x)–2∇u) is the p(x)-Laplacian, p : Ω → ℝ is a log-Hölder continuous function, M : [0, +∞) → ℝ is a continuous function and f, g : Ω × ℝ → ℝ are two L
1-Carathéodory functions satisfying some certain conditions. Using two kinds of three critical point theorems, we establish the existence of at least three weak solutions for the problem in an appropriate space of functions.
Epigenetic function in neurodevelopment and cognitive impairment
Authors: Jakovcevski Mira , Zimmer-Bensch Geraldine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Brain development comprises a fine-tuned ensemble of molecular processes that need to be orchestrated in a very coordinated way throughout time and space. A wide array of epigenetic mechanisms, ranging from DNA methylation and histone modifications to noncoding RNAs, have been identified for their major role in guiding developmental processes such as progenitor proliferation, neuronal migration, and differentiation through precise regulation of gene expression programs. The importance of epigenetic processes during development is reflected by the high prevalence of neurodevelopmental diseases which are caused by a lack or mutation of genes encoding for transcription factors and other epigenetic regulators. Most of these factors process central functions for proper brain development, and respective mutations lead to severe cognitive defects. A better understanding of epigenetic programs during development might open new routes toward better treatment options for related diseases.
A Theory of ‘Too Big To Jail’
Authors: Bos Iwan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Motivated by some recent examples, this paper employs a model of public law enforcement to explain why it may not be in society’s interest to send criminals to prison. We establish two main findings. First, independent of the lawbreaker’s societal position, imprisonment is suboptimal when the harm from the illegal activity is sufficiently small. Second, for a given level of harm, imprisonment is suboptimal when the lawbreaker is sufficiently important. This latter result thus provides a rationale for why some parties are taken to be ‘too big to jail’.
Self-compassion in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic pain: a pilot study
Authors: Carvalho Sérgio A. , Gillanders David , Forte Teresa , Trindade Inês A. , Pinto-Gouveia José , Lapa Teresa , Valentim Ana , Santos Elsa , Paciência Juliana , Guiomar Raquel , Castilho Paula 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Evidence shows that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an empirically supported psychological approach for chronic pain (CP) management. Although self-compassion is not explicitly a target of ACT, it seems to be one mechanism of change in ACT for CP. However, research is lacking on the benefits of including explicit self-compassionate exercises in ACT for CP. The current study pilot tested a Compassionate ACT 8-session group program (COMP.ACT; n=9), as well as an ACT-only 8-session group program (ACT; n=7), in a sample of women with CP.

Methods
The current study follows a quasi-experimental design, and conducts Reliable and Significant Change analyses comparing pre- to post-intervention scores of self-report measures.

Results
No differences were found between conditions at baseline, nor between completers and drop-outs. Although preliminary, results showed COMP.ACT led to greater clinical improvements in depression and anxiety, while ACT led to greater improvements in stress and uncompassionate self-responding. Reliable and Significant Change analysis showed that some participants improved significantly (in psychopathological symptoms, valued living and uncompassionate self-responding) in both conditions, while the majority did not change significantly.

Conclusions
More research is needed to conclude whether explicit self-compassion exercises are useful in ACT for CP. Limitations and implications are further discussed.
Performance evaluation of internal quality control rules, EWMA, CUSUM, and the novel machine learning model
Authors: Çubukçu Hikmet Can 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The present study set out to build a machine learning model to incorporate conventional quality control (QC) rules, exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA), and cumulative sum (CUSUM) with random forest (RF) algorithm to achieve better performance and to evaluate the performances the models using computer simulation to aid laboratory professionals in QC procedure planning.

Methods
Conventional QC rules, EWMA, CUSUM, and RF models were implemented on the simulation data using an in-house algorithm. The models’ performances were evaluated on 170,000 simulated QC results using outcome metrics, including the probability of error detection (Ped), probability of false rejection (Pfr), average run length (ARL), and power graph.

Results
The highest Pfr (0.0404) belonged to the 1–2s rule. The 1–3s rule could not detect errors with a 0.9 Ped up to 4 SD of systematic error. The random forest model had the highest Ped for systematic errors lower than 1 SD. However, ARLs of the model require the combined utility of the RF model with conventional QC rules having lower ARLs or more than one QC measurement is required.

Conclusions
The RF model presented in this study showed acceptable Ped for most degrees of systematic error. The outcome metrics established in this study will help laboratory professionals planning internal QC.
Turbulent boundary layer heat transfer of CuO–water nanofluids on a continuously moving plate subject to convective boundary
Authors: Zhang Jiaojiao , Liu Shengna , Zheng Liancun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The turbulent boundary layer (TBL) heat transfer of CuO–water nanofluids on a continuously moving plate subject to convective boundary are investigated. Five different shapes of nanoparticles are taken into account. Prandtl mixing length theory is adopted to divide the TBL into two parts, laminar sub-layer and turbulent region. The numerical solutions are obtained by bvp4c and accuracy is verified with previous results. It is found that the transfer of momentum and heat in the TBL is more obvious in laminar sub-layer than in turbulent region. The rise of velocity ratio parameter increases the velocity and temperature while decreases the local friction coefficient. The heat transfer increases significantly with the increase of velocity ratio parameter, Biot number, and nanoparticles volume fraction. For nanoparticles of different shapes, the heat transfer characteristics are Nu
x
(sphere) < Nu
x
(hexahedron) < Nu
x
(tetrahedron) < Nu
x
(column) < Nu
x
(lamina).