bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-tiered Analyses of Honey Bees That Resist or Succumb to Parasitic Mites and Viruses
Authors: Weaver Daniel B. , Cantarel Brandi L. , Elsik Christine , Lopez Dawn L. , Evans Jay 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Varroa destructor mites, and the numerous viruses they vector to their honey bee hosts, are among the most serious threats to honey bee populations, causing mortality and morbidity to both the individual honey bee and colony, the negative effects of which convey to the pollination services provided by honey bees worldwide. Here we use a combination of targeted assays and deep RNA sequencing to determine host and microbial changes in resistant and susceptible honey bee lineages. We focus on three study sets. The first involves field sampling of sympatric western bees, some derived from resistant stock and some from stock susceptible to mites. The second experiment contrasts three colonies more deeply, two from susceptible stock from the southeastern U.S. and one from mite-resistant bee stock from Eastern Texas. Finally, to decouple the effects of mites from those of the viruses they vector, we experimentally expose honey bees to DWV in the laboratory, measuring viral growth and host responses. Results We find strong differences between resistant and susceptible bees in terms of both viral loads and bee gene expression. Interestingly, lineages of bees with naturally low levels of the mite-vectored Deformed wing virus, also carried lower levels of viruses not vectored by mites. By mapping gene expression results against current ontologies and other studies, we describe the impacts of mite parasitism, as well as viruses on bee health against two genetic backgrounds. We identify numerous genes and processes seen in other studies of stress and disease in honey bee colonies, though we find novel genes and new patterns of expression too. Conclusions We provide evidence that honey bees surviving in the face of parasitic mites do so through their abilities to resist the presence of devastating viruses vectored by these mites. By revealing responses to viral infection and mite parasitism in different lineages, our data identify candidate proteins for the evolution of mite tolerance and virus resistance.
miR-187 Modulates Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Myocardial Infarction Mice via Negatively Regulating DYRK2
Authors: Zhu Fen , Yu Zhili , Li Dongsheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Myocardial infarction is a serious representation of cardiovescular disease, however, ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is an unpredictable complication of cardiovascular surgeries.Methods: MiR-187 or DYRK2 was inhibited or overexpressed in cardiomyocytes H/R models by pretreatment with miR-187 mimic or inhibitor or DYRK2 inhibitor to confirm the function of miR-187 in H/R. A myocardium I/R mouse model was established using miR-187 transgenic mice. Circulating levels of miR-187 or DYRK2 was detected by quantitative realtime PCR and protein expression was detected by western blotting. The cell viability in all groups was determined by MTT assay and the apoptosis ratio was detected by flow cytometry after staining with Annexin V-FITC. The effect of miR-187 on cellular ROS generation was examined by DCFH-DA. The level of lipid peroxidation and SOD expression were determined by MDA and SOD assay. Results: The findings indicated that miR-187 may be a possible regulator in the protective effect of H/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cellular oxidative stress and leaded to DYRK2 suppression at a posttranscriptional level. Moreover, the improvement of miR-187 on H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury contributed to the obstruction of DYRK2 expression. In addition, these results identified DYRK2 as the functional downstream target of miR-187 regulated myocardial infarction and oxidative stress. Conclusions: These present work provided the first insight into the function of miR-187 in successfully protect cardiomyocyte both in vivo and in vitro, and such a protective effect were mediated through the regulation of DYRK2 expression. Trial registration: Not Applicable.
Conformal Fabrication of an Electrospun Nanofiber Mat on a 3d Ear Cartilage-shaped Hydrogel Collector Based on Hydrogel-Assisted Electrospinning
Authors: Song Jin Yeong , Ryu Hyun Il , Lee Jeong Myeong , Bae Seong Hwan , Lee Jae Woo , Yi Changryul Claud , Park Sang Min 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Electrospinning is a common and versatile process to produce nanofibers and deposit them on a collector as a two-dimensional nanofiber mat or a three-dimensional (3D) macroscopic arrangement. However, 3D electroconductive collectors with complex geometries, including protruded, curved, and recessed regions, generally caused hampering of a conformal deposition and incomplete covering of electrospun nanofibers. In this study, we suggested a conformal fabrication of an electrospun nanofiber mat on a 3D ear cartilage-shaped hydrogel collector based on hydrogel-assisted electrospinning. To relieve the influence of the complex geometries, we flattened the protruded parts of the 3D ear cartilage-shaped hydrogel collector by exploiting the flexibility of the hydrogel. We found that the suggested fabrication technique could significantly decrease an unevenly focused electric field, caused by the complex geometries of the 3D collector, by alleviating the standard deviation by more than 70% through numerical simulation. Furthermore, it was experimentally confirmed that an electrospun nanofiber mat conformally covered the flattened hydrogel collector with a uniform thickness, which was not achieved with the original hydrogel collector. Given that this study established the conformal electrospinning technique on 3D electroconductive collectors, it will contribute to various studies related to electrospinning, including tissue engineering, drug/cell delivery, environmental filter, and clothing.
EEG based Automated Detection of Six Different Eye-Movement Conditions for Implementation in Personal Assistive Application
Authors: Paul Avishek , Chakraborty Abhishek , Sadhukhan Deboleena , Pal Saurabh , MITRA MADHUCHHANDA 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Contemporary human-machine-interfaces (HMIs) employ a wide range of human expressions to provide assistive support to the elderly and disabled population. Based on the disability type, expressions conveyed in terms of eye movements are often found to provide the most efficient way of communication. Nowadays, standard Electroencephalogram (EEG) based arrangements, used to analyze neurological states are also being adopted for the detection of eye movements. Although, a majority of the EEG-based state-of-the-arts researches either detects eye-movements in a lesser direction or uses a higher feature dimension with limited classification accuracy. In this study, a robust, simple and automated algorithm is proposed that uses the analysis of the EEG signal to classify six different types of eye movement. The algorithm uses discrete wavelet transform (DWT) on the EEG signals acquired from six different leads to eliminate a wide range of noise and artefacts. Then, two features per lead are extracted from the reconstructed wavelet coefficients and combined to form a binary feature map. Finally, a unique feature obtained from the calculated weighted sum of the binary map is used to classify six types of eye movements via a threshold-based technique. The algorithm presents high average accuracy (Acc), sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp) of 95.85%, 95.83% and 95.83% respectively, using a single feature value only. Compared to other state-of-the-art methods, the adopted simple methodologies and the obtained results indicate the immense potential of the proposed algorithm to be implemented in personal assistive applications.
Multi-Feature Driven Active Contour Segmentation Model for Infrared Image With Intensity Inhomogeneity
Authors: Huang Qinyan , Zhou Weiwen , Wan Minjie , Chen Xin , Ren Kan , Chen Qian , Gu Guohua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Active contour model (ACM) is one of the most widely used image segmentation tools at present, but the existing methods only utilize single feature information of image to minimize the energy function, which is easy to cause false segmentations in infrared (IR) images. In this paper, we propose a multi-feature driven active contour segmentation model to handle IR images with intensity inhomogeneity. Firstly, an especially-designed signed pressure force (SPF) function is constructed by combining the global information calculated by global average gray information and the local multi-feature information calculated by local entropy, local standard deviation and gradient information. Then, we draw upon adaptive weight coefficient computed by local range to incorporate the afore-mentioned global term and local term. Next, the SPF function is substituted into the level set formulation (LSF) for further evolution. Finally, the LSF converges after a finite number of iterations and the IR image segmentation result is obtained from the corresponding convergence result. Experimental results demonstrate that the presented method outperforms typical models in terms of precision rate and overlapping rate in IR test images.
Analytical Solutions and Collision Stability Analysis of Solitary Waves in a Pre-compressed One-dimensional Granular Crystal
Authors: Liu Zhi-Guo , Zhang Jinliang , Wang Yue-Sheng , Huang Guoliang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the governing equation in a pre-compressed one-dimensional granular crystal, which was previously discussed by Nesterenko [J. Appl. Mech. Phys. 24, 733 (1983)], is solved analytically. Multiple solitary wave solutions are obtained by using the homogeneous balance principle and Hirota’s bilinear method. We analyze the difference between the original system and the KdV system and examine the collision of solitary waves in some special parameters. The dynamic behavior and stability of the double solitary waves are also studied. We find that the opposite collision between single solitary waves may be stable and thus generate a stable double solitary wave. It is concluded that the collision is a special stable double solitary wave solution. We further propose a possible way to determine the stability of multiple solitary waves qualitatively.
On Optimal Number of Cognitive Radios Considering Co-site Electromagnetic Compatibility
Authors: Liao Mingxue 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cognitive radio is becoming one of the most important techniques for high utility of spectrum holes. If the holes available to cognitive users are abundant over a certain time, it is a worth consideration to increase network throughputs by orthogonal multiplexing as many as spectrum holes. A multi-transceiver configuration is one of the possible solutions for this purpose. With such a schema, all transceivers within a cognitive user work in a concurrent or parallel mode, by which the throughput of the network can be increased. However, co-site working cognitive radios may incur electromagnetic interference between each other. When more cognitive radios are equipped, much electromagnetic interference may be incurred. Based on an electromagnetic compatibility probability analysis, this paper proposes a novel method to decide how many cognitive radios can be installed for one cognitive user at most. We make a strict deduction on electromagnetic compatibility probability with various parameters of cognitive radios. Simulations are performed and the results show that the electromagnetic compatibility of the simulated cognitive radio system meet the deducted probability very well.
Duplicated Network Meta-analysis: a Case Study and Recommendations for Change
Authors: Fisher David , Burdett Sarah , Vale Claire , White Ian , Tierney Jayne 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundResearch overlap and duplication is a recognised problem in the context of both pairwise and network systematic reviews. We carried out a systematic review to identify and examine duplicated Network Meta-Analyses (NMAs) in a specific disease setting where several novel therapies have recently emerged: hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer (mHSPC).MethodsMEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched for indirect or mixed treatment comparisons or network meta-analyses of systemic treatments in the mHSPC setting, with a time-to-event outcome reported on the hazard-ratio scale. Eligibility decisions were made, and data extraction performed, by two independent reviewers.ResultsA total of 13 eligible reviews were identified, analysing between 3 and 8 randomised comparisons, and comprising between 1,773 and 7,844 individual patients. Although the included trials and treatments showed a high degree of overlap, we observed considerable variation between identified reviews in terms of review aims, eligibility criteria and included data, statistical methodology, reporting and inference. Furthermore, crucial methodological details and specific source data were often unclear.Conclusions and RecommendationsVariation across duplicated NMAs, together with reporting inadequacies, may compromise identification of best-performing treatments. We recommend that review protocols be published in advance, with greater clarity regarding the unique aims or scope of the project. Source data and results should be clearly and completely presented to allow unbiased interpretation. Review authors should be fully knowledgeable of their subject, both in terms of relevant studies and of other reviews with potential for overlap or duplication; and should re-evaluate their knowledge throughout the research process, particularly in fast-moving fields.
Digit Preference and Biased Conclusions in Cardiac Arrest Studies
Authors: Lapostolle Frédéric , Schneider Elodie , Agostinucci Jean-Marc , Nadiras Pierre , Martineau Laurence , Metzger Jacques , Bertrand Philippe , Petrovic Tomislav , Vianu Isabelle , Adnet Frédéric 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
IntroductionIn cardiac arrest (CA), time is directly predictive of patient prognosis. The increase in mortality resulting from delayed cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been quantified minute by minute. Times reported in such a situation could reflect a bias referred to as “digit preference”. This phenomenon leads to privilege certain numerical values (like 2, 5, or 10) over others (like 13). We investigated this bias in times reported during cardiac arrest management in a national register. MethodsWe analyzed data from the French National Electronic Registry of Cardiac Arrests. All the data, including the twelve times corresponding to the main steps of the management of cardiac arrest are prospectively reported by the emergency physician who managed the patients in prehospital settings. The frequency of times as multiples of 15 (0, 15, 30, and 45) was our primary end-point.Results 47,211 times related to 6,131 cardiac arrests were analyzed. The most overrepresented numbers were: 0, with 3,737 occurrences (8% vs 2% expected, p<0,0001) and 30, with 2,807 occurrences (6% vs 2% expected, p<0,0001). Times as multiples of 5 and 10 were overrepresented (52% vs 20% and 10% expected, p<0,0001).ConclusionProspectively collected time were considerably influenced by digit preference phenomenon. Studies that are not based on automatic recording of times as well as studies that have not evaluated and considered this bias should be interpretated with caution.
Access to Care and Worsening Eating Disorder Symptomatology during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Spigel Rebecca , Lin Jessica , Milliren Carly E , Freizinger Melissa , Vitagliano Julia A , Woods Elizabeth R , Forman Sara F , Richmond Tracy K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundShelter-in-place orders and social distancing guidelines, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, have limited traditional face-to-face interactions and led to many clinical providers transitioning to the use of videoconferencing platforms. The present study aims to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted adolescents’/young adults’ (AYA) eating disorder (ED)-related care, and how access to, changes in, perceived disruptions to, and quality of care are associated with ED thoughts and behaviors. MethodsAYA enrolled in the RECOVERY study, a pre-existing web-based longitudinal study, completed a COVID-19-specific survey (n=89). We examined bivariate associations of four markers of care: access to and changes in care as well as perceived disruption to and quality of care. Using multiple logistic regression, we examined the associations of our pandemic-related markers of care with changes in ED thoughts and behaviors. We excluded those not engaged in treatment pre-pandemic (n=16). ResultsIn the remaining 73 participants, reported access to care was high, with 92% of respondents continuing to see at least one ED provider during the pandemic; however, 47% stopped some treatment during the pandemic. Nearly one-third (32%) perceived a disruption in treatment. Quality of care remained high with 67% reporting care to be better than or as good as pre-pandemic. Respondents acknowledged heightened symptomatology: 81% reported increased ED thoughts and 81% reported increased ED behaviors due to COVID-19-related factors. However, none of the markers of care described were significantly associated with ED thoughts or behaviors in regression analyses adjusting for demographic variables and baseline characteristics, except our quality of care measure which was approaching significance (p=0.07). Conclusions﻿Our findings show the majority of AYA who had care prior to the pandemic are still receiving some element of their multi-disciplinary ED treatment and perceive their care as high quality. Although none of the markers of care described were statistically associated with increased ED thoughts and behaviors, our results may indicate that continued access to care may be protective against increased ED behaviors and patients who perceive their quality of care as worse than usual might be more likely to have intrusive ED thoughts.
A New Generation of Earthquake Recurrence Models Based on The Extreme Value Theory and Impact on Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessments
Authors: Dutfoy Anne , Senfaute Gloria 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) procedures require that at least the mean activity rate be known, as well as the distribution of magnitudes. Within the Gutenberg-Richter assumption, that distribution is an Exponential distribution, upperly truncated to a maximum possible magnitude denoted $m_{max}$. This parameter is often fixed from expert judgement under tectonics considerations, due to a lack of universal method.

In this paper, we propose two innovative alternatives to the Gutenberg-Richter model, based on the Extreme Value Theory and that don't require to fix a priori the value of $m_{max}$: the first one models the tail distribution magnitudes with a Generalized Pareto Distribution; the second one is a variation on the usual Gutenberg-Richter model where $m_{max}$ is a random variable that follows a distribution defined from an extreme value analysis.

We use the maximum likelihood estimators taking into account the unequal observation spans depending on magnitude, the incompleteness threshold of the catalog and the uncertainty in the magnitude value itself. We apply these new recurrence models on the data observed in the Alps region, in the south of France and we integrate them into a probabilistic seismic hazard calculation to evaluate their impact on the seismic hazard levels. The proposed new recurrence models introduce a reduction of the seismic hazard level compared to the common Gutenberg-Richter model conventionally used for PSHA calculations. This decrease is significant for all frequencies below 10 Hz, mainly at the lowest frequencies and for very long return periods. To our knowledge, both new models have never been used in a probabilistic seismic hazard calculation and constitute a new promising generation of recurrence models.
Association of Kidney Biopsy Findings With Short- and Medium-Term Outcomes in Children With Moderate-to-Severe Iga Vasculitis Nephritis
Authors: Clavé Stéphanie , Sordet Maud , Tsimaratos Michel , Decramer Stéphane , Fila Marc , Guigonis Vincent , Faudeux Camille , Daniel Laurent , Torrents Julia , Boucekine Mohamed , Harambat Jérôme , Rousset-Rouvière Caroline 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Assessing the initial severity of immunoglobulin A vasculitis nephritis (IgAV-N) is challenging important due to its determining effect on kidney management and outcomes. This study paper aims to describe describes a multicentre paediatric multicenter pediatric cohort of IgAV-N patients and discusses whilst investigating the relationships among between clinical presentation, histological features, and kidney outcome. A cohort consisting of 170 children requiring early kidney with biopsy because of IgAV-N, which was diagnosed between 2007 and 2017, was assessed including 27% of children with nephrotic syndrome (NS). One-quarter of the cohort (27%) presented with initial nephrotic syndrome (NS). Kidney biopsy revealed International Study of Kidney Disease (ISKDC) grade II or grade III in 83% of cases. An International Study of Kidney Disease (ISKDC) grade II or grade III was revealed through kidney biopsy in 83% of cases. Endocapillary proliferation was were observed in 73% of patients, and chronic lesions were observed in 25%of patients. Data analysis demonstrated showed a significant association between clinical severity (NS at onset and histological findings such asendocapillary proliferation and cellular crescents. After a median follow-up of 21 months (IQR 12-39), 30% of patients had persistent kidney impairment (proteinuria or decreased eGFR. WorseAt the end of follow-up, kidney outcome impairment was significantly associated more often observed in patients with NS at onset and those with cellular crescents and chronic lesions on initial kidney biopsy.Conclusions: This study highlights the relationship between the clinical and histological presentation of IgAV-N and the factors that affect kidney outcome. The ISKDC classification may be improved by including lesions that are more discriminating for disease severity and prognosis.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Novel Disulfide Bond Introduction Site into the Constant Domain of Human Fab
Authors: Nakamura Hitomi , Yoshikawa Moeka , Oda-Ueda Naoko , Ueda Tadashi , Ohkuri Takatoshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Generally, intermolecular disulfide bond contribute to the conformational protein stability. To identify sites where intermolecular disulfide bonds can be introduced into the Fab’s constant domain of the therapeutic IgG, Fab mutants were predicted using the MOE software, a molecular simulator, and expressed in Pichia pastoris. SDS-PAGE analysis of the prepared Fab mutants from P. pastoris indicated that among the nine analyzed Fab mutants, the H: F130C-L: Q124C, H: F174C-L: S176C, H: V177C-L: Q160C, H: F174C-L: S162C, H: F130C-L: S121C, and H: A145C-L: F116C mutants mostly formed intermolecular disulfide bonds. All these mutants showed increased thermal stabilities compared to those without intermolecular disulfide bonds. In the other mutants, the intermolecular disulfide bond could not be completely formed, and the L132C-F118C mutant showed only a slight decrease in binding activity and β-helix content, owing to adverse intermolecular disulfide bond effects. Thus, our comprehensive analysis reveals the introduction of intermolecular disulfide bonds in the Fab’s constant domain is possible at various locations. These findings provide important insights for accomplishing human Fab stabilization.