bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transgenerational evidence of increases in dopamine D2 receptor sensitivity in rodents: Impact on sensorimotor gating, the behavioral response to nicotine and BDNF
Authors: Gill Wesley Drew , Burgess Katherine C , Vied Cynthia , Brown Russell W 
Published: July 2021

Background/Aims: Neonatal quinpirole (NQ) treatment to rats increases dopamine D2 (DAD2) receptor sensitivity in adult animals. We investigated if increased DAD2 sensitivity would be passed to the next (F1) generation, and if these animals demonstrated sensorimotor gating deficits and enhanced behavioral responses to nicotine. Methods: Male and female rats were intraperitoneal (IP) administered quinpirole (1 mg/kg) or saline (NS) from postnatal day (P)1–21. Animals were either behaviorally tested (F0) or raised to P60 and mated, creating F1 offspring. Results: Experiment 1 revealed that F1 generation animals that were the offspring of at least one NQ-treated founder increased yawning behavior, a DAD2-mediated behavioral event, in response to acute quinpirole (0.1 mg/kg). F1 generation rats also demonstrated increased striatal β arrestin-2 and decreased phospho-AKT signaling, consistent with increased G-protein independent DAD2 signaling, which was equal to F0 NQ-treated founders, although this was not observed in all groups. RNA-Seq analysis revealed significant gene expression changes in the F1 generation that were offspring of both NQ-treated founders compared to F0 NQ founders and controls, with enrichment in sensitivity to stress hormones and cell signaling pathways. In Experiment 2, all F1 generation offspring demonstrated sensorimotor gating deficits compared to controls, which were equivalent to F0 NQ-treated founders. In Experiment 3, all F1 generation animals demonstrated enhanced nicotine behavioral sensitization and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein. Further, F1 generation rats demonstrated enhanced adolescent nicotine conditioned place preference equivalent to NQ-treated founders conditioned with nicotine. Conclusions: This represents the first demonstration of transgenerational effects of increased DAD2 sensitivity in a rodent model.
Analysis of the association and predictive value of hyperhomocysteinaemia for obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Wu Hao-Yu , Gao Tian-Jiao , Cao Yi-Wei , Diao Jia-Yu , You Peng-Hua , Yao Xiao-Wei 
Published: July 2021

Objective To investigate the predictive value of hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) for obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in an Asian population in northern China. Methods This retrospective study enrolled patients at their first cardiac assessment and assigned them to an obstructive CAD group or a non-obstructive CAD group according to the coronary angiography results. HHcy was defined as a homocysteine (Hcy) level > 15 µmol/l. Results This study enrolled 2987 participants: 1172 in the non-obstructive CAD group and 1815 in the obstructive CAD group. Hcy level in the obstructive CAD group was significantly higher than in the non-obstructive CAD group. The proportion of patients with HHcy in the obstructive CAD group was significantly greater than in the non-obstructive CAD group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that HHcy was independently correlated with obstructive CAD in both young (aged ≤ 55 years) and old patients (aged > 55 years). HHcy showed a higher sensitivity (93.1%), specificity (86.1%) and accuracy (90.0%) for obstructive CAD. The odds ratio for HHcy was 84.2. The Kappa value (0.8) showed substantial agreement between obstructive CAD and HHcy. Conclusions HHcy was associated with obstructive CAD and may be a potentially independent risk factor for obstructive CAD with good predictive value.
Differential Relationships Between the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Informant-Rated Cognitive Decline Among Mexican Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites
Authors: Briceño Emily M. , Mehdipanah Roshanak , Gonzales Xavier F. , Heeringa Steven G. , Levine Deborah A. , Langa Kenneth M. , Zahs Daniel , Garcia Nelda , Longoria Ruth , Vargas Alejandro , Morgenstern Lewis B. 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: We compared the concurrent validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) with other cognitive screening instruments among Mexican Americans (MA) and non-Hispanic whites (NHW). Methods: In a community-based study in Nueces county, Texas (5/2/18-2/26/20), participants 65+ with MoCA ≤25 completed the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol. Regressions examined associations between MoCA and: 1) Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE); 2) abbreviated Community Screening Interview for Dementia (CSI-D); 3) Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE). Results: MA (n = 229) and NHW (n = 81) differed by education but not age or sex. MoCA and cognitive performance associations (MMSE, CSI-D-Respondent) did not differ between MA and NHW (p’s > .16). MoCA and informant rating associations (IQCODE, CSI-D-Informant) were stronger in NHW than MA (NHW R2 = 0.39 and 0.38, respectively; MA R2 = 0.30 and 0.28, respectively). Discussion: Our findings suggest non-equivalence across cognitive screening instruments among MAs and NHWs.
MiR-141 attenuates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by targeting DAPK1
Authors: Song Bo , Wang Xin-Xiang , Yang Hai-Yan , Kong Ling-Ting , Sun Hong-Yan 
Published: July 2021

Objective To discuss the possible effects of microRNA-141 (miR-141) in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) via targeting death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1). Methods An SIC mouse model was constructed by abdominal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and divided into control, LPS, LPS + pre-miR-141, and LPS + anti-miR-141 groups. Hemodynamic indicators and heart function indexes of mice were detected. ELISA was used to determine the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, while TUNEL staining to observe the apoptosis of myocardial cells of mice, as well as qRT-PCR and Western blotting to clarify the expression of miR-141 and DAPK1. Lastly, in vitro experiment was also conducted on the primary neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVCMs) to validate the results. Results Mice in the LPS group, as compared to the control group, had lower left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular fractional shortening, left ventricular systolic pressure, and ±dp/dt, but a higher left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, while the serum expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and cTn-T was up-regulated evidently with the increased apoptotic index of myocardial tissues. However, miR-141 and Bcl-2/Bax were down-regulated with elevated DAPK1 and cleaved caspase-3. The above changes were ameliorated in mice from the LPS + pre-miR-141 group relative to the LPS group, while those in the LPS + anti-miR-141 group were further deteriorated. In vitro experiment showed that miR-141 overexpression could reduce the apoptosis of LPS-induced NRVCMs and the levels of inflammatory cytokines with the increased cell viability. Conclusion MiR-141 could decrease inflammatory response and reduce myocardial cell apoptosis by targeting DAPK1, thereby playing the promising protective role in SIC.
Chrysin alleviates alteration of bone-remodeling markers in ovariectomized rats and exhibits estrogen-like activity in silico
Authors: Ibrahim Sadiyat O , Mada Sanusi B , Abarshi Musa M , Tanko Muhammad S , Babangida Sanusi 
Published: July 2021

Background Evidences are beginning to accrue that flavonoids, particularly phytoestrogens, could have beneficial effects against several age-related diseases linked to estrogen deficiency including postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods In this study, the effect of chrysin on selected bone-remodeling markers in ovariectomized rats and its estrogen-like activity in silico were investigated. Results The data indicated that administration of chrysin at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg for 6 weeks to OVX rats significantly ( p < 0.05) prevented body weight gain and partially reverse uterine weight loss. In addition, treatment of OVX rats significantly ( p < 0.01) increased femur dry weight, femur ash weight, bone ash calcium, and phosphorous levels in a dose-dependent manner. However, there was significant ( p < 0.001) decline in serum estradiol level in all OVX rats compared to the sham-operated group. Interestingly, administration of chrysin significantly ( p < 0.05) reversed the reduction of estradiol induced by ovariectomy compared to untreated OVX rats. Moreover, administration of chrysin to OVX rats significantly ( p < 0.05) suppressed excessive elevation of bone-remodeling markers expression compared to untreated OVX rats. Similarly, molecular docking analysis revealed that chrysin interacts with both α and β estrogen receptors with exothermic binding energies of −229.83 kcal/Mol and −252.72 kcal/Mol, respectively, and also fits perfectly into the active site of both α and β estrogen receptors. Conclusion This study demonstrated that chrysin exhibits potential antiosteoporotic effects against bone loss in OVX rats through enhanced bone mineral contents and preventing excessive elevation of bone-remodeling markers and bone-resorbing cytokine.
Histologic Aspect of the Curved Vomerine Mucosa in Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Benitez Benito K. , Brudnicki Andrzej , Nalabothu Prasad , Jackowski Jeannette A. von , Bruder Elisabeth , Mueller Andreas Albert 
Published: July 2021

Background: Common surgical techniques aim to turn the entire vomerine mucosa with vomer flaps either to the oral side or to the nasal side. The latter approach is widely performed due to the similarity in color to the nasal mucosa. However, we lack a histologic description of the curved vomerine mucosa in cleft lip and palate malformations. Methods: We histologically examined an excess of curved vomerine mucosa in 8 patients using hematoxylin–eosin, periodic acid–Schiff, Elastin van Gieson, and Alcian blue stains. Tissue samples were obtained during surgery at 8 months of age. Results: Our histological analysis of the mucoperiosteum overlying the curved vomer revealed characteristics consistent with those of an oral mucosa or a squamous metaplasia of the nasal mucosa, as exhibited by a stratified squamous epithelium containing numerous seromucous glands. Some areas showed a palisaded arrangement of the basal cells compatible with metaplasia of respiratory epithelium, but no goblet cells or respiratory cilia were identified. Abundant fibrosis and rich vascularity were present. Conclusion: The vomer mucosa showed no specific signs of nasal mucosa. These findings should be considered in presurgical cleft orthopedics and palatal surgery for further refinement. Shifting the vomer mucosa according to a fixed physiologic belief should not overrule other important aspects of cleft repair such as primary healing and establishing optimal form and function of palatal roof and nasal floor.
Multidisciplinary cooperative mode led by infusion nurse specialists used to ensure the nursing quality of peripherally inserted central catheters in China: A 5-year retrospective study
Authors: Jie Cao , Chunxue Peng , Jiawei Xu , Hongmei Li , Huohong Qian 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To analyze the effect of multidisciplinary cooperation mode (MCM) led by infusion nurse specialists (INSs) on peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) catheterization and indwelling nursing quality. Methods: Participants’ demographic information, catheter types, catheterization approaches, puncture site, tip position, professional title of nurses, success rate of catheterization, consultation rate, detection rate of complications and outcome improvement rate of 6576 outpatients and hospitalized patients with PICC were analyzed retrospectively by a software named “questionnaire stars,” in a large tertiary general hospital in Shanghai, from January 2015 to December 2019. SPSS 26.0 for Windows was used for data collection and description, Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis of enumeration data, and p < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results: According to the catheter types’ data, the use rate of three-way valve catheters decreased from 79.9% to 14.5%, while the use rate of three-way valve solo catheters increased from 12.7% to 51.6%, and the use rate of power injectable and open-ended catheters increased from 7.4% to 33.9%. According to the data of PICC catheterization method, conventional technology decreased significantly from 16.8% to 1.1%, modified Seldinger technique (MST) increased gradually from 26.1% to 51.3%, while ultrasound guided modified Seldinger technique (US and MST) decreased slightly from 57.2% to 47.6%. 7.5% catheter tip ends were malpositioned while nine indwelled PICCs were traced to have tip end malposition. The consultation rate was significantly higher than that before applying MCM led by INSs ( x2 = 151.713, p < 0.05). After applying MCM led by INSs, the detection rate of complications was significantly higher than before ( x2 = 5.499, p < 0.05), the rate of successful insertion at one time was significantly higher than before ( x2 = 187.589, p < 0.05). Conclusion: After the application of INSs-led MCM, progresses have been achieved. The nursing quality of patients’ PICC was significantly improved than before.
Contrast enhanced ultrasound as a new tool to estimate the performance of midline catheters in the single patient
Authors: Gidaro Antonio , Casella Francesco , Lugli Francesca , Cogliati Chiara , Calloni Maria , Samartin Federica , Brena Nicola , Pace Guido 
Published: July 2021

Background: Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) through MicroBubbles Time (MBT) (time from infusion of saline with addition of micro-bubbles of air to visualization of first bubbles in right atrium (RA), visualized by subxiphoid or apical echocardiography) is an alternative to Intracavitary ECG and chest X-ray in evaluation of tip location in central venous catheters. Objective: To evaluate feasibility and variability of CEUS in peripheral catheters (Midline-MC) in a cohort of patients and in a subgroup where tip location was also performed through chest X-ray. Secondary outcomes were verifying the correlation between MBT and distance between tip of MC and RA (anthropometric and radiological measures), body mass index (BMI), vein diameter at point of insertion. Methods: Patients with insertion of MC were enrolled in this prospective cohort. After catheter insertion, CEUS was performed recording MBT. Results: One hundred thirty-two MCs were inserted, 45 performed Chest X-ray. MBT wasn’t feasible in 7 (5%) because of low quality echocardiographic images. Subcostal view was available in 114 patients (91.2%), while 11 patients (8.8%) were examined through apical four-chamber view. Mean MBT in the whole population was 2.3 ± 0.8 s. Significant correlation between anthropometric and radiological measures, BMI and MBT was found. 32.8% of MC had a MBT ⩽2 s. Conclusions: CEUS could be useful to estimate tip position. Our study showed how 2 s is not a suitable cutoff to confirm central catheter’s tip.
Telestroke for acute ischaemic stroke: A systematic review of economic evaluations and a de novo cost–utility analysis for a middle income country
Authors: Tan Elise , Gao Lan , Tran Huong NQ , Cadilhac Dominique , Bladin Chris , Moodie Marj 
Published: July 2021

Introduction Telemedicine can alleviate the problems faced in rural settings in providing access to specialist stroke care. The evidence of the cost-effectiveness of this model of care outside high-income countries is limited. This study aimed to conduct: (a) a systematic review of economic evaluations of telestroke and (b) a cost–utility analysis of telestroke, using China as a case study. Methods We systematically searched Embase, Medline Complete and Cochrane databases. Inclusion criteria: full economic evaluations of telemedicine/telestroke networks examining the use of thrombolysis in patients with acute ischaemic stroke, published in English. A cost–utility analysis was undertaken using a Markov model incorporating a decision tree to simulate the delivery of telestroke for acute ischaemic stroke in rural China, compared to no telestroke from a societal and healthcare perspective. One-way deterministic sensitivity analyses and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of results. Results Of 559 publications found, eight met the eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review (two cost-effectiveness analyses and six cost–utility analyses, all performed in high-income countries). Telestroke was a cost-saving/cost-effective intervention in five out of the eight studies. In our modelled analysis for rural China, telestroke was the dominant strategy, with estimated cost savings of Chinese yuan 4,328 (US$627) and additional 0.0925 quality-adjusted life years per patient. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the base case results. Discussion Consistent with published economic evaluations of telestroke in other jurisdictions, telestroke represents a cost-effective solution to enhance stroke care in rural China.
An Anthropometric Study of Lung Donors
Authors: Suryapalam Manish , Kashem Mohammed , Zhao Huaqing , Shigemura Norihisa , Toyoda Yoshiya , Keshavamurthy Suresh 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: A difference in the lower body to upper body ratio between similarly heighted individuals could lead to inadequately matched transplants. There has been a perception in clinical circles that body ratio varies between people of different races, and investigating this supposition would prove useful in increasing transplant match accuracy. The investigation’s purpose was to derive an equation with a greater correlation to lung length than height alone. Methods: Lung transplantation donor data for 480 adult patients was obtained and divided by ethnicity—Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic. Height, weight, age, sex, right and left lung length were evaluated for significance. The R2 value of the multiple linear regression with these variables vs. lung length was determined and tested in a separate dataset of 100 patients. Results: Only the distribution of height was significant between the 3 ethnicities ( P = 0.041). None of the ANCOVAs were significant ( P < 0.05) or near significant ( P < 0.10). For the strongest correlation model with lung length, height had a linear fit, weight had a cubic fit, and age had a logistic fit. Multiple regression models were successfully created for right lung (R2 = 0.202) and left lung (R2 = 0.213). Independent testing showed a correlation of 0.131 and 0.136, respectively. Conclusion: Using demographic information from the donor and recipient as proxies for estimating lung size should only serve as a rough guide due to their weak correlation with lung length. As a result, for greater accuracy, donor-recipient matching should be individualized by taking donor and recipient chest X-Rays and/or TLC into consideration.
Developing research knowledge and capability in undergraduate nurses: evaluation of targeted placements
Authors: Menzies Julie C , Emms Karl , Valler Tracey 
Published: July 2021

Background There are few opportunities for undergraduate nurses to undertake experiential learning about research design and conduct. The project aim was to implement and evaluate a placement to support the development of research knowledge and skills. Methods Establishment of a four-week placement, with allocation to a registered quality improvement/service evaluation project. Evaluation was obtained through questionnaires; student experience (pre, post and one year), supervisor experience and organisational impact (presentations, conference and grant submissions). Results 24 students (five cohorts) were allocated to 17 projects (2017–2019). 100% of students enjoyed the placement, gained research knowledge and insight into clinical care. At one year ( n = 15), 88% of students would consider undertaking a service evaluation and 65% ( n = 11) would consider further post-graduate study. All supervisors ( n = 20) reported the initiative valuable for student development. All project results were shared with relevant local teams to enable service planning and results from five projects been presented at eight national and international conferences. Three projects have contributed directly to further research grant submissions. Conclusion The programme supports the development of undergraduate nurses to be research ready and facilitates organisations to address high-priority safety and quality topics. Further resources are required to be able to increase placement capacity.
A prospective population-based study of stroke in the Central Region of Iran: The Qom Incidence of Stroke Study
Authors: Aghaali Mohammad , Yoosefee Sadegh , Hejazi Seyed Amir , Shuaib Ashfaq , Rahimi Maryam , Razavinia Fatemeh Sadat , Radmard Fatemeh , Sabokbar Tayebeh , Sharifipour Ehsan 
Published: July 2021

Objective Based on the few population-based studies that have been conducted in the Middle East, we determined the incidence of stroke in Qom, one of the central provinces of Iran. Methods The Qom province includes an estimated at-risk population of about 1 million. During a 12-month period (November 2018–November 2019), all first-ever strokes occurring in the target population were registered. Hospitalized cases were ascertained by discharge codes. Out-of-hospital cases were ascertained by a prospective screening of emergency medical services, emergency departments, ambulances records, primary care clinics, rural and urban public health centers, primary care physician offices, and neurologists’ offices. Crude and age-adjusted incidence rates (per 100,000 person-years) were calculated. Results During the study period, 1462 first-ever strokes occurred with a mean age of 68.1 (17–103) years; of these 45.2% were females (661 cases). The crude annual incidence rate per 100,000 at-risk populations was 145.4 (95% confidence interval, 138.1–153.0) for all types of stroke (156.5 for males and 134.3 for females), 26.4 (95% confidence interval, 23.5–29.8) for hemorrhagic stroke, and 114 (95% confidence interval, 105–121) for ischemic stroke. The incidence rate adjusted to the world population was 201.4 (95% confidence interval, 193–210) per 100,000 at-risk populations (adj incidence, 218.5 for males vs 187.4 for females). The total fatality rate during the first 28 days was 19.6%. Conclusion This study states that in this region there is a high incidence of stroke, which occurs at a younger age than the global average. There was a high prevalence of underlying stroke risk factors.
The Role of Regional Disease and Patterns of Treatment Failure in Primary Sinonasal Malignancies
Authors: Meerwein Christian M. , Balermpas Panagiotis , Vital Domenic G. , Broglie Martina A. , Soyka Michael B. , Holzmann David 
Published: July 2021

Background The question how to treat the clinically negative neck in sinonasal malignancies is controversial. Objectives To investigate patterns of treatment failure and to assess outcome measures in patients with primary sinonasal malignancies. Methods Retrospective cohort study of patients treated for primary malignant sinonasal malignancies. Results Lymph node (LN) metastases at initial presentation were present in 8 of 152 patients (5.3%). Ipsi- and contralateral LN levels 1 and 2 were identified as nodal basins at risk. We found a 5-year overall survival (OS) of 75.2% and disease free survival of 61.1%. Among patients with cN0 neck, nodal recurrence free survival was not different between patients with and without elective neck treatment ( P  =  .23). On logistic regression analysis, we found initial T classification as an independent factor for achievement of complete remission (CR) and OS. Conclusions LN metastases at initial presentation are rare and initial T classification was identified as the most important prognostic factor for OS and CR, emphasizing the need for a thorough initial staging of the primary tumor.