bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clonal hematopoiesis, myeloid disorders and BAX-mutated myelopoiesis in patients receiving venetoclax for CLL
Authors: Blombery Piers , Lew Thomas E. , Dengler Michael A. , Thompson Ella R. , Lin Victor S. , Chen Xiangting , Nguyen Tamia , Panigrahi Ashish , Handunnetti Sasanka M. , Carney Dennis A. , Westerman David A. , Tam Constantine S. , Adams Jerry M. , Wei Andrew H. , Huang David C. S. , Seymour John F. , Roberts Andrew W. , Anderson Mary Ann 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax has established therapeutic roles in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). As BCL2 is an important determinant of survival of both myeloid progenitor and B cells, we investigated whether clinical and molecular abnormalities arise in the myeloid compartment during long-term continuous venetoclax treatment of CLL in 89 patients (87 with relapsed/refractory CLL). Over a median follow-up of 75 (range 21-98) months, persistent cytopenias (≥1 of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia) lasting ≥4 months and unrelated to CLL occurred in 25 patients (28%). Of these patients, 20 (80%) displayed clonal hematopoiesis, including 10 with therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs). t-MNs occurred exclusively in patients previously exposed to fludarabine-alkylator combination therapy with a cumulative 5-year incidence of 10.4% after venetoclax initiation, consistent with rates reported for patients exposed to fludarabine-alkylator combination therapy without venetoclax. To determine whether the altered myelopoiesis reflected the acquisition of mutations, we analyzed samples from patients with no or minimal bone marrow CLL burden (n = 41). Mutations in the apoptosis effector BAX were identified in 32% (13/41). In cellular assays, C-terminal BAX mutants abrogated outer mitochondrial membrane localization of BAX and engendered resistance to venetoclax killing. BAX-mutated clonal hematopoiesis occurred independently of prior fludarabine-alkylator combination therapy exposure and was not associated with t-MNs. Single-cell sequencing revealed clonal co-occurrence of mutations in BAX with DNMT3A or ASXL1. We also observed simultaneous BCL2 mutations within CLL cells and BAX mutations in the myeloid compartment of the same patients, indicating lineage-specific adaptation to venetoclax therapy.
Root canal morphology and variations in mandibular second molars: an in vivo cone-beam computed tomography analysis
Authors: Gomez Francisco , Brea Gisbeli , Gomez-Sosa Jose Francisco 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomical variations of the root canal system of mandibular second molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods
190 mandibular second molars cone-beam computed tomography images were reviewed. The evaluation was performed by a radiologist with endodontic experience and two endodontists trained with CBCT technology. Tooth position, number of root and root canals, C-shaped root canal system configuration, presence of extra root (radix), and radicular grooves were assessed. Data was statistically analyzed using The Chi-square test (α = 0,05) to determine any significant difference between gender and the total number of root and root canals, and any significant difference between gender and root canal anatomical variation.

Results
Overall, 85.5% showed two separated roots, 12.1% a single root, 2.6% three roots or radix. 87.7% showed three root canals, 12.1% two root canals, 2.6% four root canals, and 1.6% a single root canal. 10% showed a single foramen, 75.3% two foramina, 13.6% three foramina and 1% showed four foramina.19.5% showed C-shaped anatomical variation, 51.4% in male patients, 48.6% in female patients. According to Fan classification: C1 13.6% in cervical third, C2 10% in the middle third, C3 17.3% in middle third, 15.5% in apical third, and C4 12.7% in the apical third. Root canals number in these samples were 5.4% a single canal, 21.6% two canals, 70.3% three canals, and 2.7% four canals. The root showed 46% with one foramen, 46% two foramina, and 8% three foramina. Radicular grooves 83.3% were found in the lingual area and 16.2% towards the buccal area.

Conclusions
The most prevalent anatomic presentation of the evaluated sample was a mandibular second molars with two roots, three root canals, and two apical foramina. Their variation was C-shaped root canals and Radix Paramolaris.
Myelodysplastic syndrome presenting with central diabetes insipidus is associated with monosomy 7, visible or hidden: report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Yang Yunfan , Lin Ting , Dong Tian , Wu Yu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare complication of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Although the cytogenetic features of patients with MDS and CDI are not clear, CDI in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with chromosome 7 and/or 3 anomalies.

Case presentation
In this report, we describe two patients with MDS and concurrent CDI, and in one of them, CDI was the first manifestation. One patient had monosomy 7 on metaphase cytogenetics (MC). Monosomy 7 and numerous cytogenetic abnormalities were found in the other patient using single-nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-A) karyotyping, while the MC did not uncover monosomy 7. In this manuscript we also reviewed reported cases of MDS with diabetes insipidus (DI-MDS) to summarize the relationship between DI-MDS and karyotype, and explore the best treatment strategy for DI-MDS.

Conclusions
DI-MDS is closely related to monosomy 7. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be the only effective treatment for DI-MDS. The SNP-A-based karyotyping is helpful to reveal subtle cytogenetic abnormalities and unveil their roles in the clinical features of MDS.
Selective digestive decontamination, a seemingly effective regimen with individual benefit or a flawed concept with population harm?
Authors: Hurley James C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSelective digestive decontamination (SDD) regimens, variously constituted with topical antibiotic prophylaxis (TAP) and protocolized parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis (PPAP), appear highly effective for preventing ICU-acquired infections but only within randomized concurrent control trials (RCCT’s). Confusingly, SDD is also a concept which, if true, implies population benefit. The SDD concept can finally be reified in humans using the broad accumulated evidence base, including studies of TAP and PPAP that used non-concurrent controls (NCC), as a natural experiment. However, this test implicates overall population harm with higher event rates associated with SDD use within the ICU context.
Left ventricular myocardial performance index in prediabetic patients without coronary artery disease
Authors: Mahmoud Hossam Eldin M. , Alsenbesy Mohamed , Sayed Gehad Osama Fawzy , Ali Abdulla Eliaw Mohamed , Sabra Ahlam M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Prediabetes is considered a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to microvascular and cardiovascular disorders. Myocardial performance index (MPI) is a non-invasive Doppler method for the determination of global ventricular activity. We have not enough knowledge about the effect of prediabetes on the left ventricular (LV) function. We aimed to assess the MPI in prediabetic patients without coronary artery disease (CAD) utilizing echocardiography tissue Doppler imaging (TDI).

Results
We conducted a randomized controlled study that included fifty prediabetic patients and fifty healthy participants as the control group. All the participants were subjected to laboratory tests and echocardiography TDI to evaluate the LV systolic and diastolic functions
We found that the isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and MPI values were significantly increased in the prediabetic patients compared to the control group (P < 0.001). In contrast, left ventricular ejection time (ET) was significantly longer in the control group than in prediabetic patients.

Conclusion
Prediabetes may adversely affect the LV function as assessed by MPI. Screening for prediabetes and early intervention is required for the prevention of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Spin selective electron transmission through a layered structure subjected to light irradiation: Efficient engineering
Authors: Koley Arpita , Maiti Santanu K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This work deals with engineering spin selective electron transmission through a layered structure where a ferromagnetic (FM) system is clamped between two non-magnetic (NM) regions. The site energies of NM layers are modulated in the well-known Aubry-Andre-Harper (AAH) form, and the FM layer is subjected to a light irradiation. The interplay between the cosine modulation and light irradiation brings several interesting features in spin-dependent transport which we investigate in detail within a tight-binding (TB) prescription following the Green's function formalism. The effect of irradiation is included within a minimal coupling scheme based on the Floquet ansatz. High degree of spin polarization together with its phase reversal can be obtained at multiple energy regions. The proposed prescription can be utilized to design efficient spintronic devices, and can be generalized to other similar kinds of fascinating systems.
Pituitary Somatotroph Adenoma-derived Exosomes: Characterization of Nonhormonal Actions
Authors: Zhou Cuiqi , Shen Stephen , Moran Rosemary , Deng Nan , Marbán Eduardo , Melmed Shlomo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractContextThe identification and biological actions of pituitary-derived exosomes remain elusive.ObjectiveThis work aimed to validate production of exosomes derived from human and rat pituitary and elucidate their actions.MethodsIsolated extracellular vesicles (EVs) were analyzed by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) and expressed exosomal markers detected by Western blot, using nonpituitary fibroblast FR and myoblast H9C2 cells as controls. Exosome inhibitor GW4869 was employed to detect attenuated EV release. Exosomal RNA contents were characterized by RNA sequencing. In vitro and in vivo hepatocyte signaling alterations responding to GH1-derived exosomes (GH1-exo) were delineated by mRNA sequencing. GH1-exo actions on protein synthesis, cAMP (3′,5′-cyclic adenosine 5′-monophosphate) response, cell motility, and metastases were assessed.ResultsNTA, exosomal marker detection, and GW4869 attenuated EV release, confirming the exosomal identity of pituitary EVs. Hydrocortisone increased exosome secretion in GH1 and GH3 cells, suggesting a stress-associated response. Exosomal RNA contents showed profiles distinct for pituitary cells, and rat primary hepatocytes exposed to GH1-exo exhibited transcriptomic alterations distinct from those elicited by growth hormone or prolactin. Intravenous GH1-exo injection into rats attenuated hepatic Eif2ak2 and Atf4 mRNA expression, both involved in cAMP responses and amino acid biosynthesis. GH1-exo suppressed protein synthesis and forskolin-induced cAMP levels in hepatocytes. GH1-exo–treated HCT116 cells showed dysregulated p53 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways and attenuated motility of malignant HCT116 cells, and decreased tumor metastases in nude mice harboring splenic HCT116 implants.ConclusionOur findings elucidate biological actions of somatotroph-derived exosomes and implicate exosomes as nonhormonal pituitary-derived messengers.
The French Revolution and the New Spatial Format for Empire
Authors: Maruschke Megan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBoth global history and the new imperial history identify an emerging convergence of spatial formats, practices, and knowledge for organizing societies during the nineteenth century, though each emphasizes different competitive formats: the territorializing nation-state and the enduring empire. Rather than contrasting empire and nation-state, this article takes their combination seriously through the example of the respatialization of the French Empire during the Revolution and the reorganization of domestic territory into departments. The history of departmentalization underscores the emerging and changing interrelationships between nation and empire. The territorialization of metropolitan France, which developed out of imperial and transregional exchanges, was emblematic of the new type of empire that became a prevailing model for societal organization in the nineteenth century: the nation-state with imperial extensions.L'histoire globale et la nouvelle histoire impériale ont toutes deux signalé l’émergence d'une convergence des formats spatiaux, des pratiques et des savoirs tout au long du dix-neuvième siècle, mais chacun de ces deux champs de recherche insiste sur des formats distincts et rivaux pour organiser les sociétés : l'Etat-nation en voie de territorialisation, d'une part, et l'empire qui perdure, d'autre part. En effet, plutôt que d'opposer l'empire à l'Etat-nation, cet article prend au sérieux leur conjonction en examinant à nouveaux frais la respatialisation de l'empire français pendant la Révolution et la réorganisation du territoire national en départements. L'histoire de la départementalisation met ainsi en évidence l’émergence et le développement des relations mutuelles entre nation et empire. La territorialisation de la France métropolitaine, qui se développa à la faveur d’échanges impériaux et transrégionaux, fut caractéristique du nouveau type d'empire qui devint un modèle dominant d'organisation des sociétés au dix-neuvième siècle : celui de l'Etat-nation pourvu de prolongements impériaux.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ СТОИМОСТИ ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКИХ ОПЕРАЦИОННО-СКЛАДСКИХ РАБОТ ПРИ ФОРМИРОВАНИИ ПЕРВОНАЧАЛЬНОЙ ЦЕНЫ КОНТРАКТА НА ПОСТАВКУ ТОПЛИВА В ИНТЕРЕСАХ ВОЙСК НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ГВАРДИИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Nikitin Yuri A. , Safonov Dmitry A. 
Published: September 2021

Анализ тенденций развития военно-экономического обеспечения национальной безопасности, показал, что наиболее вероятным вариантом обеспечения горючим соединений, воинских частей и иных организаций округа войск национальной гвардии будет через передачу части функций обеспечения горючим сторонним организациям нефтепродуктообеспечения, обладающей необходимой разветвлённой сетью структурных подразделений во всех регионах. Это, в свою очередь, повлечёт необходимость уточнения, а в ряде случаев и коренного пересмотра функций, выполняемых центральными и окружными органами военного управления службы горючего войск национальной гвардии, с акцентом на совершенствование их деятельности в вопросах размещения государственных заказов на оказание услуг по обеспечению горючим для соединений, воинских частей и иных организаций округа войск национальной гвардии.
Цель – Обоснование предельной стоимости логистических операционно-складских работ при формировании первоначальной цены контракта для обеспечения адекватности и обоснованности применяемых в расчётах показателей учитывающие внешние и внутренние экономические факторы.
Метод или методология проведения работы: в статье использовались экономико-математические методы, а также статистические методы анализа.
Результаты: получены наиболее информативные параметры, раскрывающие вопросы интеграции однородных функций системы материально-технического обеспечения войск национальной гвардии РФ с гражданским сектором экономики.
Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять экономическими субъектами, осуществляющими закупочную деятельность, при прогнозировании первоначальной цены контракта на основе имеющихся статистических данных и предлагаемых обоснованных коэффициентов.
Marketing strategy planning at alfamart lodadi stores using the clustering, ahp, and ar-mba method
Authors: Azhra Fariza Halidatsani , Fadhlurrohman Najib , Putra Bagas Swardhana , Ibrahim Faisal 
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, people are very facilitated by the existence of various shopping centers, including retail. Because many retailers are close to each other, Alfamart Lodadi must have a good marketing strategy. So far, the strategy used is sometimes inaccurate because it is not based on customer segmentation. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to help retail owners to make decisions regarding the right marketing strategy with three methods so that Alfamart Lodadi can compete and increase sales. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to find the priority variables of customer segmentation; meanwhile, the K-Means Clustering is used to group customers based on the similarity of predetermined characteristics. AR-MBA is used to find out the best rules, and products are rarely, sufficient, and frequently purchased. The results of this research, based on AHP, obtained five segmentation priority variables based on the largest eigenvector values. There are income, age, expenditure, distance, and shopping intensity with each eigenvector value of 0.13; 0.16; 0.12; 0.12; 0.17. From clustering, there are three customer clusters with different strategies, including free shipping when shopping, product discounts for certain periods, and providing catalogs and discounts on each transaction and offer notifications. Then, this research also obtained three strategies based on AR-MBA. These include making a catalog by bringing frequently purchased products closer together, choosing a layout for shopping places by bringing frequently purchased products closer together, and making shopping coupons for rarely purchased products. With several strategic choices, companies can make decisions appropriately according to the desired criteria.
Origins of the threshold for surgical intervention in intra-articular distal radius fractures
Authors: Esworthy George Philip , Johnson Nick A. , Divall Pip , Dias Joseph J. 
Published: September 2021

AimsThe aim of this study was to identify the origin and development of the threshold for surgical intervention, highlight the consequences of residual displacement, and justify the importance of accurate measurement.MethodsA systematic review of three databases was performed to establish the origin and adaptations of the threshold, with papers screened and relevant citations reviewed. This search identified papers investigating functional outcome, including presence of arthritis, following injury. Orthopaedic textbooks were reviewed to ensure no earlier mention of the threshold was present.ResultsKnirk and Jupiter (1986) were the first to quantify a threshold, with all their patients developing arthritis with > 2 mm displacement. Some papers have discussed using 1 mm, although 2 mm is most widely reported. Current guidance from the British Society for Surgery of the Hand and a Delphi panel support 2 mm as an appropriate value. Although this paper is still widely cited, the authors published a re-examination of the data showing methodological flaws which is not as widely reported. They claim their conclusions are still relevant today; however, radiological arthritis does not correlate with the clinical presentation. Function following injury has been shown to be equivalent to an uninjured population, with arthritis progressing slowly or not at all. Joint space narrowing has also been shown to often be benign.ConclusionKnirk and Jupiter originated the threshold value of 2 mm. The lack of correlation between the radiological and clinical presentations warrants further modern investigation. Measurement often varies between observers, calling a threshold concept into question and showing the need for further development in this area. The principle of treatment remains restoration of normal anatomical position. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(9):1457–1461.
Optical memory effect in square multimode fibers
Authors: Caravaca-Aguirre Antonio M. , Carron Adrien , Mezil Sylvain , Wang Irène , Bossy Emmanuel 
Published: September 2021

We demonstrate experimentally the existence of a translational optical memory effect in square-core multimode fibers. We found that symmetry properties of square-core waveguides lead to speckle patterns shifting along four directions at the fiber output for any given shift direction at the input. A simple theoretical model based on a perfectly reflective square waveguide is introduced to predict and interpret this phenomenon. We report experimental results obtained with 532-nm coherent light propagating through a square-core step-index multimode fiber, demonstrating that this translational memory effect can be observed for shift distances up to typically 10 µm after propagation through several centimeters of fiber.
Prediction model of free flaps in microkeratome-assisted LASIK
Authors: Katz Toam , Druckiv Vasyl , Siebelmann Sebastian , Frings Andreas , Skevas Christos 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
To identify mechanical factors, as well as patients’ biometric and surgeons’ experience factors that correlate with the FF incidence in microkeratome (MK)-assisted LASIK and to construct a predictive model based on these parameters.

Methods
55,700 consecutive LASIK treatments of 28,506 patients between January 2017 and April 2020 done by 50 surgeons in 10 centers, all with Sub Bowman Keratome (SBK) and 90μ head (OUP) were analyzed retrospectively for the incidence of FF and their correlation to mean keratometry, central corneal thickness, MK ring height and stop, as well as surgeons’ experience. A prediction model was built and tested for sensitivity and specificity.

Results
The incidence of FF using the SBK MK was 0.276%. Risk factors were low central corneal thickness, very flat (-1) or very thick (+2) ring height, and higher stop values (p<0.001). Mean keratometry and low surgeon experience were not correlated to FF incidence. A prediction model with a cut-off FF risk of 0.274%, a 76% specificity, and a 73% sensitivity was applied.

Conclusions
Free flaps are rarely seen in modern MK LASIK. However, the incidence of this complication using the SBK MK increases using higher stop values, very thick and very thin MK rings, and in eyes with thin corneas.
The effect of librarian involvement on the quality of systematic reviews in dental medicine
Authors: Schellinger Jana , Sewell Kerry , Bloss Jamie E. , Ebron Tristan , Forbes Carrie 
Published: September 2021

Objectives
To determine whether librarian or information specialist authorship is associated with better reproducibility of the search, at least three databases searched, and better reporting quality in dental systematic reviews (SRs).

Methods
SRs from the top ten dental research journals (as determined by Journal Citation Reports and Scimago) were reviewed for search quality and reproducibility by independent reviewers using two Qualtrics survey instruments. Data was reviewed for all SRs based on reproducibility and librarian participation and further reviewed for search quality of reproducible searches.

Results
Librarians were co-authors in only 2.5% of the 913 included SRs and librarians were mentioned or acknowledged in only 9% of included SRs. Librarian coauthors were associated with more reproducible searches, higher search quality, and at least three databases searched. Although the results indicate librarians are associated with improved SR quality, due to the small number of SRs that included a librarian, results were not statistically significant.

Conclusion
Despite guidance from organizations that produce SR guidelines recommending the inclusion of a librarian or information specialist on the review team, and despite evidence showing that librarians improve the reproducibility of searches and the reporting of methodology in SRs, librarians are not being included in SRs in the field of dental medicine. The authors of this review recommend the inclusion of a librarian on SR teams in dental medicine and other fields.