bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MELHISSA: a multilingual entity linking architecture for historical press articles
Authors: Linhares Pontes Elvys , Cabrera-Diego Luis Adrián , Moreno Jose G. , Boros Emanuela , Hamdi Ahmed , Doucet Antoine , Sidere Nicolas , Coustaty Mickaël 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDigital libraries have a key role in cultural heritage as they provide access to our culture and history by indexing books and historical documents (newspapers and letters). Digital libraries use natural language processing (NLP) tools to process these documents and enrich them with meta-information, such as named entities. Despite recent advances in these NLP models, most of them are built for specific languages and contemporary documents that are not optimized for handling historical material that may for instance contain language variations and optical character recognition (OCR) errors. In this work, we focused on the entity linking (EL) task that is fundamental to the indexation of documents in digital libraries. We developed a Multilingual Entity Linking architecture for HIstorical preSS Articles that is composed of multilingual analysis, OCR correction, and filter analysis to alleviate the impact of historical documents in the EL task. The source code is publicly available. Experimentation has been done over two historical document corpora covering five European languages (English, Finnish, French, German, and Swedish). Results have shown that our system improved the global performance for all languages and datasets by achieving an F-score@1 of up to 0.681 and an F-score@5 of up to 0.787.
Preliminary results of the impact of 3D-visualization resources in the area of graphic expression on the motivation of university students
Authors: Triviño-Tarradas Paula , Mohedo-Gatón Alejandro , Fernández Rafael Enrique Hidalgo , Mesas-Carrascosa Francisco-Javier , Carranza-Cañadas Pilar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAugmented reality and virtual reality are innovative technologies applied to the area of graphic expression with increasing influence on the teaching–learning process. Although these innovative resources enable new forms of teaching, it remains unclear how these artificial applications can impact students’ motivation. The aim of this paper was to evaluate how virtual exercises increase the motivation level in different typologies of university students. The sample was composed of graduate (master’s degree) and undergraduate students (three engineering degrees) of the University of Cordoba. These tools were available to students through four devices: mobile phones, tablets, computers and virtual reality goggles. The motivation of the students was evaluated through the modified Instructional Materials Motivation Survey by the attention, relevance, confidence and satisfaction motivational model. The results obtained through a 5-point Likert scale showed that these innovative resources significantly improved the students’ motivation level, especially concerning the ‘relevance’ aspect (M = 4.01; SD = 0.98). The virtual resources also increased the understanding of the exercises and their spatial vision (M = 3.80; SD = 1.14). Of the total sample, 63.83% students considered the virtual reality goggles as the most suitable device to visualize graphic expression exercises.
Comparing longitudinal patient-reported outcome measures between Swedish patients with recent-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Heijke Rebecca , Björk Mathilda , Thyberg Ingrid , Kastbom Alf , McDonald Laura , Sjöwall Christopher 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The onset of rheumatic disease affects each patient differently and may impact quality of life with progression. We investigated the relationship between patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) scores and organ damage in patients with recent-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and those with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients with recent-onset SLE without prior organ damage from the Clinical Lupus Register in Northeastern Gothia and patients with early RA from the observational 2nd Timely Interventions in Early RA study, Sweden, were included. Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology damage index (SDI) was used to assess organ damage. PROM (visual analog scale [VAS]: pain, fatigue, well-being, Health Assessment Questionnaire, and EQ-5D-3L) scores were captured at months 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 after diagnosis. Statistical tests included Pearson correlation coefficients and t-tests. Forty-one patients with recent-onset SLE and 522 with early RA were included. Numerical differences were seen in age and sex. PROMs were worse for patients with RA versus SLE but improved by month 6 following diagnosis, while SLE PROMs remained stable. The incidence of organ damage in SLE was 13.6 per 100 patient-years. SDI significantly correlated with EQ-5D-3L (− 0.48, P = 0.003), VAS fatigue (0.44, P = 0.009), and well-being (0.41, P = 0.01) at month 24. As illustrated, the complexity of disease burden in patients with SLE is clear and may result from disease-related multiorgan system effects and slower symptom resolution compared with RA. This underscores the need for improved multiprofessional interventions to manage all aspects of SLE.

Key Points• We observed an evident discrepancy in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between patients with recent-onset SLE and early RA.• Despite differences in PROMs between patients with recent-onset SLE and early RA, both groups had prominent self-reported disability during the study period.• PROM scores for patients with RA were generally worse than those with SLE but improved by month 6, whereas PROM scores for patients with SLE remained stable over time.• Our findings underline the need of new therapeutic options and interventions for SLE disease management, including pharmacologic and multiprofessional aspects.
An Algorithm for the Pricing and Timing of the Option to make a Two-Stage Investment with Credit Guarantees
Authors: Dong Linjia , Yang Zhaojun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe develop a jump-diffusion model for a guarantee-investment combination financing mode (G-I mode) that is recently popular in financial practice. We assume that a borrower has exclusively an option to invest in a project in two stages. The project’s cash flow follows a double exponential jump-diffusion process and it is increased by a growth factor once the second-stage investment is exercised. The first-stage investment cost is financed by a bank loan with the guarantee provided by an insurer, who promises to provide the second-stage investment cost as well as take the lender’s all default losses. In return for the guarantee and investment, the borrower pays a guarantee fee upon first investment and grants a fraction of equity upon second investment to the insurer. In sharp contrast to prior papers on guarantee, the guarantee costs are contracted prior to investment. We provide closed-form solutions and produce a numerical algorithm for the timing and pricing of the two investment options.
The SeaCoRe system for large scale kelp aquaculture: a plug-and-play, compatible, open-source system for the propagation and transport of clonal gametophyte cultures
Authors: Ebbing Alexander P. J. , Fivash Gregory S. , Pierik Ronald , Bouma Tjeerd J. , Kromkamp Jacco C. , Timmermans Klaas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe future of large-scale kelp aquaculture is standing at a crossroad, with the diverging paths being characterized by two fundamentally different cultivation methods that differ on how well gametophyte reproduction can be controlled. The cultivation method that does not directly control gametophyte reproduction is more widely utilized at the moment, but interest in better controlling gametophyte reproduction is growing steadily. Here, we validate a bioreactor system that overcomes a number of implementation challenges for this controlled reproductive method, expanding the possibility of clonal gametophyte cultivation outside of expensive laboratory settings. The main goals of this system include (i) the maintenance of clean gametophyte clonal cultures in non-sterile environments over prolonged periods of time, (ii) the production of large numbers of juvenile sporophytes, and (iii) effective transportation of gametophytes and sporophytes. The “SeaCoRe system” consists out of three parts that correspond to these three challenges: (1) clone-reactors, (2) a clone-inducer, and (3) a transporter. The validation of the system showed that delayed Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta gametophytes can grow reliably for 75 days in the clone-reactors. Initial gametophyte densities of 0.4 mg DW and 0.6 mg DW gametophtyes mL−1 were optimal for S. latissima and A. esculenta, resulting in reproductive successes of 604 and 422 sporophytes mL−1, respectively. Lastly, gametophyte transport was simulated, with high reproductive success still achieved within 19 days in ~ 20 °C environments. The SeaCoRe system helps unlock the full potential of large-scale kelp cultivation using multiannual delayed clonal.
Efficacy and mortality of rotating sheaths versus laser sheaths for transvenous lead extraction: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Sun Yong , Allen Isabel E. , Diaz Celso , Guo Xiaofan , Pellegrini Cara , Beygui Ramin , Cardona-Guarache Ricardo , Marcus Gregory M. , Lee Byron K. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundRotating and laser sheaths are both routinely used in transvenous lead extraction (TLE) which can lead to catastrophic complications including death. The efficacy and risk of each approach are uncertain. To perform a meta-analysis to compare success and mortality rates associated with rotating and laser sheaths.MethodsWe searched electronic academic databases for case series of consecutive patients and randomized controlled trials published 1998–2017 describing the use of rotating and laser sheaths for TLE. Among 48 studies identified, rotating sheaths included 1,094 patients with 1,955 leads in 14 studies, and laser sheaths included 7,775 patients with 12,339 leads in 34 studies. Patients receiving rotating sheaths were older (63 versus 60 years old) and were more often male (74% versus 72%); CRT-P/Ds were more commonly extracted using rotating sheaths (12% versus 7%), whereas ICDs were less common (37% versus 42%),p > 0.05 for all. Infection as an indication for lead extraction was higher in the rotating sheath group (59.8% versus 52.9%,p = 0.002). The mean time from initial lead implantation was 7.2 years for rotating sheaths and 6.3 years for laser sheaths (p > 0.05).ResultsSuccess rates for complete removal of transvenous leads were 95.1% in rotating sheaths and 93.4% in laser sheaths (p < 0.05). There was one death among 1,094 patients (0.09%) in rotating sheaths and 66 deaths among 7,775 patients (0.85%) in laser sheaths, translating to a 9.3-fold higher risk of death with laser sheaths (95% CI 1.3 to 66.9,p = 0.01).ConclusionsLaser sheaths were associated with lower complete lead removal rate and a 9.3-fold higher risk of death.
Secondary and University Students’ Descriptions of Quantum Uncertainty and the Wave Nature of Quantum Particles
Authors: Bøe Maria Vetleseter , Viefers Susanne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTeaching and learning of quantum physics at secondary level is an active field of research. One important challenge is finding ways to promote understanding of quantum concepts without the mathematical formalism that is embedded in quantum mechanics but unavailable on the secondary level. We investigated Norwegian secondary students’ (N = 291) descriptions of the wave nature of quantum particles and the uncertainty principle, as expressed during work with learning resources using a sociocultural approach emphasizing history, philosophy, and nature of science aspects. Responses from university students (N = 40) given after a formalism-based course in quantum physics were included for comparison. Themes were identified using thematic analysis and analyzed from the perspective of pedagogical link-making, seeing different themes as representing different levels of explanations of the concepts (phenomenological, qualitative, mathematical). The most dominant theme in descriptions of particle wave nature was that particles exhibit wave behavior in experiments, while referring to the mathematical description of particles by wave functions was a less prominent theme, even among university students. Two uncertainty principle themes were found: uncertainty as inability to measure pairs of variables precisely, and uncertainty as innate blurriness in nature. Largely missing from descriptions of both concepts were meaningful links between different levels of explanations. Based on the results, we discuss ways forward for teaching particle wave nature and uncertainty in secondary education.
More than just collateral damage. Ramifications of the pandemic for freedom of the press
Authors: Holtz-Bacha Christina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractConfronted with a situation that was new to everyone, world leaders sought the best way to contain the pandemic caused by the coronavirus. The measures introduced, with lockdowns and curfews, affected fundamental rights such as freedom of movement and assembly, with implications for freedom of expression and freedom of the press. Demonstrations against the governments’ COVID-19 policies and the associated encroachments on citizens’ fundamental rights in turn led to attacks on media representatives and thus on the freedom of reporting. They were also further proof that attacks on the freedom of the media no longer come only from the state. The restrictions on journalistic work were by no means a surprise attack on the media, but the continuation of a worldwide trend that has been evident for several years, not only in authoritarian systems, but also in established democracies. For those who fear the free press and its watchdog function, the pandemic provided a welcome opportunity, under the pretext of public health, to tighten the reins a bit more and create facts that will endure beyond the pandemic. Financial support for the media, especially the printed press, to cushion the economic consequences of the pandemic and to secure newspapers for the future, establishes new dependencies that can affect free reporting in the long term.
microRNA-26a represses pancreatic cancer cell malignant behaviors by targeting E2F7
Authors: Wang Liang , Li Meijun , Chen Fei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) exerts key roles in the development of pancreatic cancer (PCa). miR-26a is reportedly a tumor suppressor in cancers. However, whether miR-26a modulates PCa progression is poorly understood. Here, we found that miR-26a was down-regulated in PCa. Overexpressed miR-26a suppressed PCa cell proliferation, colony formation, and tumor stem cell properties. Mechanically, the transcription factor E2F7 is a downstream target of miR-26a. miR-26a decreased E2F7 expression through binding to the 3’-untranslated region (UTR) of E2F7. Decreased miR-26a in PCa tissues was inversely correlated with E2F7. The inhibitory effects of miR-26a in PCa were reversed by E2F7 overexpression. Consistently, the knockout of E2F7 further significantly inhibited the growth of PCa cells combined with miR-26a overexpression. Further study revealed that E2F7 bound the promoter of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), a key factor in angiogenesis, and transcriptionally activated the expression of VEGFA. miR-26a overexpression attenuated the effects of E2F7 on VEGFA promotion. Our results uncovered the novel function of miR-26a/E2F7/VEGFA in PCa, making miR-26a a possible target for PCa treatment.
Reflection on the Professional Development of Early Childhood Education and Care Teachers in Japan Based on Children’s Voices
Authors: Matsui Gota 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUsing action research, this study examined the professional development of teachers through the reflections that kindergarten teachers obtain from children’s voices and the relevance between the working environment and teachers’ reflection at teacher conferences in Japan. Four teachers participated in the study. Data sources included teachers’ perspectives on imitation paper, teachers’ thoughts and reflections at conferences and during interviews, visual material, and narrative observations of children’s play. Children’s voices stimulate teachers’ reflection and provide deeper insights about diversity among children. The discussions at the conference about children’s voices showed teachers’ learning in four aspects: beliefs of play, environmental setting, understanding of children, and child–teacher relationships. In the act of listening to children’s voices, each teacher was influenced by their job positions and by the relationship within teacher groups in reflection at teacher conferences. Teachers appeared to understand each other’s beliefs by engaging in regular dialogue at conferences. This study contributed to the improvement of in-service training methods in early childhood education and care.
A Heuristic Local-sensitive Program-Wide Diffing Method for IoT Binary Files
Authors: Yu Lu , Lu Yuliang , Shen Yi , Pan Zulie , Huang Hui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCode reuse brings vulnerabilities in third-party library to many Internet of Things (IoT) devices, opening them to attacks such as distributed denial of service. Program-wide binary diffing technology can help detect these vulnerabilities in IoT devices whose source codes are not public. Considering the architectures of IoT devices may vary, we propose a data-aware program-wide diffing method across architectures and optimization levels. We rely on the defined anchor functions and call relationship to expand the comparison scope within the target file, reducing the impact of different architectures on the diffing result. To make the diffing result more accurate, we extract the semantic features that can represent the code by data flow dependence analysis. Earth mover distance is used to calculate the similarity of functions in two files based on semantic features. We implemented a proof-of-concept DAPDiff and compared it with baseline BinDiff, TurboDiff and Asm2vec. Experiments showed the availability and effectiveness of our method across optimization levels and architectures. DAPDiff outperformed BinDiff in recall and precision by 41.4% and 9.2% on average when making diffing between standard third-party library and the real-world firmware files. This proves that DAPDiff can be applicable for the vulnerability detection in IoT devices.
The lesson learned from COVID-19 and the climate crisis is not to let experts decide on policies: a response to Robert C. Schmidt
Authors: Toeller Annette Elisabeth , Blum Sonja , Boecher Michael , Loer Kathrin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis is a response to the commentary by Robert C. Schmidt in this journal, in which the author suggests that for specific problems such as climate change or the current pandemic, decisions on policies should be made by scientific experts rather than by politicians. We argue that such ideas, which were brought up in the late 1960s and reconsidered more recently, do not take sufficient account of the nature of science politics, and their interaction. Furthermore, problem structures and resulting challenges for science and politics are not similar, but essentially different between climate change and the pandemic. Therefore, different solutions to the problems are required. There is a need to improve politics’ reliable recourse to scientific evidence in many cases. Yet, giving scientific experts such a strong position in decision-making ignores that most decisions, even if based on the state of scientific evidence (if thereissuch an uncontroversial state of evidence), ultimately require genuinely political choices about trade-offs of interests and normative issues that neither can nor should be made by scientists. Therefore, putting Schmidt’s proposal into practice would not solve the existing problems but instead create new problems.
The Nutrition-COVID-19 Interplay: a Review
Authors: Antwi Janet , Appiah Bernard , Oluwakuse Busayo , Abu Brenda A. Z. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Nutritional status is affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, directly or indirectly. Even with the recent rollout of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and availability of medicines such as remdesivir, and monoclonal antibodies, host nutritional status is pivotal in the fight against the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and outcomes. The purpose of this review is to discuss the effects of COVID-19-related lockdown on lifestyle behaviors, and the nutritional consequences, and the direct sequelae of the infection on nutrition including potential nutritional interventions.

Recent Findings
The COVID-19-related lockdown imposed radical changes in lifestyle behaviors with considerable short-term and long-term health and nutritional consequences including weight gain and obesity and increased cardiometabolic risk, consistently linked to worsened prognosis. The extent of the impact was dependent on food insecurity, overall stress and disordered eating, physical inactivity, and exposure to COVID-19-related nutrition information sources. COVID-19 could directly induce inflammatory responses and poor nutrient intake and absorption leading to undernutrition with micronutrient deficiencies, which impairs immune system function with subsequent amplified risk of infection and disease severity. Nutrition interventions through nutrition support, dietary supplementation, and home remedies such as use of zinc, selenium, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids showed the most significant promise to mitigate the course of COVID-19 infection and improve survival rates.

Summary
The nutrition-COVID-19 relationship and related dietary changes mimic a vicious cycle of the double burden of malnutrition, both obesity and undernutrition with micronutrient deficiencies, which promote infection, disease progression, and potential death.
Prenatal and Neonatal Detection of Isomeric Situs and the Association with Maternal Comorbidities
Authors: Evans William N. , Acherman Ruben J. , Restrepo Humberto 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOur purpose was to investigate the relationship between fetal and neonatal isomeric situs and maternal comorbidities. We identified all prenatally and postnatally diagnosed fetuses with left or right isomerism between March 2011 and October 2020 in Southern Nevada. We determined isomerism by the relationship of the abdominal inferior vena cava and descending aorta. For each case, we evaluated the presence of maternal comorbidities. We did not include routine obstetric ultrasound findings in determining the presence of maternal comorbidities. For each fetus or infant, we determined the presence of congenital heart disease. We did not analyze any other organ systems. We identified 48 cases. Of the 48, 31 (65%) occurred in mothers with comorbidities. Of the 48, 40 were live-born. Of the 40 live-born, 26 (65%) occurred with maternal comorbidities (p = 0.0001 for both the total and live-borns associated with maternal comorbidities). Of the 40 live-born, 1 had no prenatal care. Of the 39 with prenatal care, 38 (97%) were prenatally diagnosed. Of the 48 total cases: 23 had no congenital heart disease other than a patent foramen ovale, and 25 had critical congenital heart disease. Of the 23 without congenital heart disease, 19 (83%) were associated with maternal comorbidities, and of the 25 with critical congenital heart disease, 12 (48%) were associated with maternal comorbidities (p = 0.041). Prenatal detection of isomerism approached 100%. Most of those with isomerism occurred in association with maternal comorbidities. Most of those with critical congenital heart disease occurred in mothers without comorbidities.