bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of conservative endodontic access cavities on instrumentation of oval‐shaped straight root canals
Authors: dos Santos Miranda Ana Raquel Lopes , de Moura João Daniel Mendonça , Calefi Pedro Henrique Souza , Amoroso Silva Pablo Andrés , Marceliano‐Alves Marilia Fagury Videira , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu , Vivan Rodrigo Ricci , Rodrigues Patrícia de Almeida 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the influence of the design of endodontic access cavities on the percentage of unprepared areas of canal walls and flexural fatigue of instruments activated by reciprocating movement in oval‐shaped straight root canals of extracted teeth.MethodologyForty‐two mandibular incisors with oval canals were scanned by a microcomputed tomography (micro‐CT) device for homogeneous selection and distribution of the samples. Then, the teeth were divided into two groups (n = 21) according to the design of access cavity being tested: ultraconservative endodontic access cavity (UltraAC) and traditional access cavity. The canals were accessed with the aid of a surgical microscope, instrumented with the WaveOne Gold Medium system and irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA. The unprepared areas of the canal wall were analysed by overlaying images before and after instrumentation and expressed as percentages. micro‐CT data were analysed using t‐test, Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. The endodontic instruments used during instrumentation were subjected to static flexural fatigue testing using an artificial stainless steel canal with a 60° angle of curvature and a radius of 5 mm, located 5 mm from the tip of the instrument. The instruments were activated until fracture occurred, and the time in seconds for the fracture was recorded using a digital timer. The number of cycles to fracture was calculated and analysed statistically. For flexural fatigue data, an anova test complemented by a Tukey range test was used. The significance level of 5% was used for all analyses.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the groups related to unprepared areas by the instrument during canal preparation (p > .05). The difference in flexural fatigue resistance between the groups was not significant.ConclusionThe use of UltraAC did not interfere with the canal instrumentation of extracted mandibular incisors with straight and oval canals. There was no difference in the flexural fatigue resistance of the instruments in relation to access cavity design.
Microstructures and luminescent regulation of Ce‐doped silicate glasses with high transmittance and thermal stability
Authors: Ma Xiao , Huang Zhifeng , Yuan Hailong , Lu Xiangyu , Zhou Yujuan , Shen Qiang , Chen Fei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe traditional model for wLEDs usually encapsulates the phosphor and resin mixture on the InGaN blue‐emitting chip. However, the poor thermal stability of silicone resin will lead to the reduction of the luminescent intensity of the wLED devices. Glass has excellent thermal stability and transparency, which is a promising alternative to resins. In this work, Ce‐doped silicate luminescent glasses have been developed by a high‐temperature melting quenching method in air atmosphere. The luminescent intensity can be enhanced by increasing the heat treatment temperature and extending the heat treatment time in 10%H2/Ar atmosphere because Ce4+ ions can be reduced to Ce3+ ions. However, when the heat treatment temperature reaches 850°C, the generation of precipitates in the glass can reduce the luminescent intensity. The transmittance of glass can reach 87%, and the highest luminous intensity obtained when heat treated at 800°C. The glass transition temperature is 740°C and the thermal conductivity of the glass is .95 W m−1K−1, which is about five times higher than that of resin. The results show that the emerging Ce‐doped silicate luminescent glass could be the potential material for wLED applications.
Comparison of 12 and 24‐hours shift impacts on ICU nursing care, efficiency, safety, and work‐life quality
Authors: Koy Virya , Yunibhand Jintana , Turale Sue 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundNursing care quality is a central concern of health policy, and nurses’ shift schedules affect the quality of care and their work‐life status internationally. A lack of reliable information on the differences between 24‐ and 12‐h shifts on care quality, nursing care quality, patient safety, and adverse and missed events warranted investigation in Cambodia.AimWe aimed to examine the impacts of 12‐h shifts compared with 24‐h shifts. The purpose was to find evidence to support the use of maximum 12‐h shifts by registered nurses working in ICU contexts.MethodA convergent mixed‐method approach was chosen to highlight the issues around the long hours of shift work. We designed a 12‐week coaching course during the implementation of 12‐h shifts and assigned 30 nurses each to an experimental group and a control group. Data from quantitative surveying of 58 participants were combined with focus group discussions of 20 participants to gather qualitative insights. Pre‐ and post‐test analysis involved descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon sign rank test for quantitative analysis and then merged with qualitative findings from content analysis. Reporting of this study was steered by the STROBE and COREQ guidelines for quantitative and qualitative findings, respectively.ResultsQuantitative results showed the increased quality of nursing work‐life, nursing care quality, and patient satisfaction; decreased missed care and adverse events were significantly associated with the 12‐h shift. Qualitative data supported nurses preferring 12‐h rather than 24‐h shift options.Discussion and conclusionsChanging rosters to 12‐h shifts in the intervention caused increases in the study variables’ scores. Results indicate the benefits of 12‐h shifts on the quality of nursing work‐life, nursing care quality, missed care, adverse events, and patient safety.Implications for nursing and nursing policyWe found that 24‐h shifts had deleterious impacts on care quality and safety and nurse satisfaction with work. Health and nursing policymakers are urged to provide resources and strategize to implement 12 h shifts as soon as possible since the current 24‐h shifts of nurses affect the patient quality of care and their health and safety and that of the nurses.
Factors affecting Iranian nurses’ intention to leave or stay in the profession during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Varasteh Saeideh , Esmaeili Maryam , Mazaheri Monir 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThis study was conducted to explore the factors affecting nurses’ intentions to leave or stay in their profession during the coronavirus pandemic in Iran.IntroductionBecause the effectiveness of a healthcare response to a disaster depends on an available, skilled, and motivated healthcare workforce, it is essential to understand and address potential barriers to and reasons for the intentions of medical staff to leave or stay in their profession.MethodsA qualitative study with a conventional content analysis approach was conducted. The participants included nurses working in hospitals during the COVID‐19 pandemic, and nurses who had previously left their job or had been absent from work for a period of time. The participants were selected using a purposeful sampling strategy. Data were collected through 19 in‐depth, individual semi‐structured interviews with 16 nurses. The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research checklist was used to report the study.FindingsThree categories; commitment and work conscience (with a subcategory of risk‐taking), fear (with two subcategories of fear of family infection and fear of protective equipment shortages), and organizational factors (with two subcategories of organizational atmosphere of the hospital and motivational factors), emerged from the analysis.ConclusionThe reasons for quitting a nursing job or to keep working as a nurse during the pandemic include both personal and organizational factors. Commitment and work conscience in pandemic conditions is one of the main factors for keeping nurses in their profession.Implication for nursing practice and policyGaining insight into nurses’ understanding of the situation and perspectives is the key to being able to provide appropriate support and keep them in the workforce. Peer support can play an important role in supporting novice nurses in facing challenges posed by a pandemic and should be improved. Also, programs and strategies need to be planned to improve resilience among nurses and to help them to manage their stress and fear.
Prevention of demineralization during multi‐bracketed fixed orthodontic treatment: An overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Sardana Divesh , Manchanda Sheetal , Ekambaram Manikandan , Yang Yanqi , McGrath Colman P. , Yiu Cynthia K. Y. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDemineralization during multi‐bracketed fixed orthodontic treatment is a well‐known problem.AimTo systematically evaluate the evidence for the prevention of enamel demineralization during multi‐bracketed fixed orthodontic treatment.DesignSystematic reviews (with or without meta‐analysis) that have appraised the primary studies on the prevention of demineralization during multi‐bracketed fixed orthodontic treatment were searched systematically and included as per pre‐defined eligibility criteria. The risk of bias of the included reviews was assessed by two authors using the ROBIS tool and AMSTAR‐2 tool.ResultsTwenty‐nine reviews conducted on 128 exclusive primary studies were included for the present overview; 23 of these reviews were assessed to be of a high risk of overall bias, 5 were of low risk, and 1 review was of unclear risk of bias.ConclusionsPredominantly, the published reviews have focused on fluorides, whereas some reviews have also studied the role of casein phosphopeptide‐amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP‐ACP), reminder therapy, lasers, and sealants. Professional fluorides, sealants, reminder therapy, and lasers might be valuable interventions to prevent demineralization during orthodontic treatment based on the conclusions of reviews with high quality; however, further studies are required to elucidate the role of CPP‐ACP, chlorhexidine varnish, and powered toothbrushes.
Finding shortest and dissimilar paths
Authors: Moghanni Ali , Pascoal Marta , Godinho Maria Teresa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe purpose of the dissimilar paths problem is to find a set of paths, between the same pair of nodes, which share few arcs. The problem has been addressed from an application point of view, and integer programming formulations have also been introduced recently. In the present work, it is assumed that each arc is assigned with a cost, and the goal is then to find dissimilar paths while simultaneously minimizing the total cost. Some of the previous formulations: one minimizing the number of repeated arcs, another one minimizing the number of arc repetitions, as well as modifications that bound the number of paths in which the arcs appear, are extended with a cost function. Properties of the resulting biobjective problems are studied and the ‐constraint method is adapted to solve them using a decreasing and an increasing strategy for updating . These methods are tested for finding sets of 10 paths in random and grid instances to assess the efficiency of the ‐constraint methods and the performance of the formulations to calculate shortest and dissimilar paths. Results show that minimizing the number of arc repetitions produces efficient solutions with higher dissimilarities faster than minimizing the number of repeated arcs. The cost range of the solutions is similar in both approaches. Additionally, bounding the number of paths in which each arc appears improves the quality of the solutions as to the dissimilarity while worsening its cost.
Low‐temperature dielectric behavior of Sc‐ and In‐doped bismuth titanate pyrochlores
Authors: Krasnov Aleksei G. , Sakhatskii Aleksandr S. , Piir Irina V. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe detailed structural description and analysis of dielectric behavior of Bi1.6MxTi2O7‐δ (M – Sc, In; x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) compositions are demonstrated. Doping results in cation disorder either in A‐site (x = 0.2, 0.4) or A‐,B‐sites (x = 0.6) of pyrochlore. The displacements of the A‐site atoms and O′ from the ideal sites are shown. For both dopants, the maximum dielectric constant ε′ was 98, and the dielectric losses remain reasonably close to the values below 0.0058 at x = 0.4, 25 °C, 1 MHz. A drop of ε′ is observed at the other dopants concentrations. With the dopant content rising, the temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC) increases and is positive (579 ÷ 782 ppm/°C) below room temperature (RT) and then becomes negative (−49 ÷ −220 ppm/°C) above RT. The revealed low‐temperature relaxation process could be associated with jumps of the A‐ions within the A2O′ substructure.
Facilitating the inclusion of adults with intellectual disability as direct respondents in research: Strategies for fostering trust, respect, accessibility and engagement
Authors: McDonald Katherine E. , Gibbons Colleen , Conroy Nicole , Olick Robert S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdults with intellectual disability experience disparities in social determinants of health and health outcomes. While new knowledge can advance health equity, adults with intellectual disability are frequently excluded from being direct respondents in research. Their inclusion requires addressing scientific and ethical challenges that contribute to their exclusion.MethodWe describe our multi‐phased process, inclusive of community‐engagement, to develop a self‐report survey for adults with intellectual disability and share findings from an institutional ethnography conducted to identify strategies for facilitating inclusion. We also assessed indicators of the quality of these strategies.ResultsWe identified building trust, showing respect, designing in accessibility, maximising flexibility and allowing individualised accommodations as strategies that foster inclusion. Multiple indicators validate the effectiveness of these strategies.ConclusionsResearchers can promote first‐person decision‐making and direct research participation by focusing on promoting accessibility, trust, respect and engagement.
Genomic diversity and breed composition of Vietnamese smallholder dairy cows
Authors: Bang Nguyen N. , Hayes Ben J. , Lyons Russell E. , Randhawa Imtiaz A. S. , Gaughan John B. , McNeill David M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVietnamese smallholder dairy cows (VDC) are the result of crossbreeding between different zebu (ZEB) and taurine dairy breeds through many undefined generations. Thus, the predominant breed composition of VDC is currently unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the level of genetic diversity and breed composition of VDC. The SNP data of 344 animals from 32 farms located across four dairy regions of Vietnam were collected and merged with genomic reference data, which included three ZEB breeds: Red Sindhi, Sahiwal and Brahman, three taurine breeds: Holstein (HOL), Jersey (JER) and Brown Swiss (BSW), and a composite breed: Chinese Yellow cattle. Diversity and admixture analyses were applied to the merged data set. The VDC were not excessively inbred, as indicated by very low inbreeding coefficients (Wright's FIS ranged from −0.017 to 0.003). The genetic fractions in the test herds suggested that the VDC are primarily composed of HOL (85.0%); however, JER (6.0%), BSW 5.3%) and ZEB (4.5%) had also contributed. Furthermore, major genotype groupings in the test herds were pure HOL (48%), B3:15/16HOL_1/16ZEB (22%) and B2:7/8HOL_1/8ZEB (12%). The genetic makeup of the VDC is mainly components of various dairy breeds but also has a small percentage of ZEB; thus, the VDC could be a good genetic base for selecting high milk‐producing cows with some degree of adaptation to tropical conditions.
The geographical distribution of rodent granivory and cheek pouches across North America
Authors: Vander Wall Stephen B. , Dittel Jacob W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimOne of the specializations that many granivorous rodents exhibit to increase their efficiency in harvesting seeds is cheek pouches. We propose that the presence or absence of cheek pouches is related to seed size and the productivity of the habitat where those rodents reside.LocationNorth America – United States and Canada.TaxonGranivorous rodents.MethodsWe divided granivorous rodents into those species with and without cheek pouches. We then compiled a list of plant species (n = 389) that are known or suspected to be dispersed by these rodents by scatter hoarding the seeds in soil and compared the richness distributions of small (≤10 mm) and large seeds (>10 mm) to the distributions of rodents with and without cheek pouches.ResultsMost rodents with cheek pouches live in the arid southwestern North America, whereas most rodents that lack cheek pouches live in the mesic southeastern North America. The richness distribution of rodents with cheek pouches was more similar to the richness distribution of small seeds, and the richness distribution of rodents that lack cheek pouches was more similar to the richness distribution of large seeds (nuts). Rodents with cheek pouches (mean = 59.5 g) are smaller than rodents that lack cheek pouches (592.6 g).Main conclusionsLarge rodents that lack cheek pouches live mostly in the more productive southeastern North America where there are many trees that produce large nuts. Small rodent with cheek pouches live mostly in the less productive southwestern North America where there are many shrubs, forbs, and grasses that produce small seeds.
Survey on sodium and potassium intake in patients with hypertension in China
Authors: Sun Ningling , Jiang Yinong , Wang Hongyi , Yuan Yifang , Cheng Wenli , Han Qinghua , Yuan Hong , Yang Li , Guo Zihong , Sun Yuemin , Sun Gang , Yin Xinhua , Wang Hao , Mu Jianjun , Wang Jiguang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSodium and potassium intake in hypertensive patients in China is not clear. The authors aimed to investigate the distribution of sodium and potassium intake in hypertensive patients in China, and to analyze the relationship between sodium and potassium intake and blood pressure. The study was performed in 130 hospitals from 23 provinces across China from 2016 to 2019. Finally, 9501 hypertensive patients average aged 54 years were included. 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion were measured. Distribution of urinary electrolytes were described according to age, gender and region. The association between urinary electrolytes and blood pressure was analyzed by multivariate linear regression. Hypertensive patients exhibited an average 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion of 156.7 ± 81.5 mmol/d and 39.2 ± 20.2 mmol/d (equivalent to sodium chloride of 9.2 g/d, potassium chloride of 2.9 g/d), sodium/potassium ratio (median) of 4.14 (2.92,5.73). Urinary electrolytes were lower in women than men (sodium: 171.1 vs 138.7, p < .05; potassium: 40.3 vs 37.7, p < .05), in the elderly than in the younger (sodium: 168.7 vs 139.9, p < .05; potassium: 39.5 vs. 37.5, p < .05). For every 1 unit of Na/K ratio increase, blood pressure increased by 0.46/0.24 mmHg. Blood pressure was 2.75/1.27 mmHg higher in quartile 4 than quartile 1 of Na/K. It remains high sodium and low potassium for hypertensive patients in China. Decreased sodium, Na/K ratio and increased potassium may help for blood pressure management.
Aortic valve disease in diabetes: Molecular mechanisms and novel therapies
Authors: Manduteanu Ileana , Simionescu Dan , Simionescu Agneta , Simionescu Maya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractValve disease and particularly calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and diabetes (DM) are progressive diseases constituting a global health burden for all aging societies (Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. 2014;56(6):565:Circulation Research. 2021;128(9):1344). Compared to non‐diabetic individuals (The Lancet. 2008;371(9626):1800:The American Journal of Cardiology. 1983;51(3):403:Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2017;69(12):1523), the diabetic patients have a significantly greater propensity for cardiovascular disorders and faster degeneration of implanted bioprosthetic aortic valves. Previously, using an original experimental model, the diabetic‐hyperlipemic hamsters, we have shown that the earliest alterations induced by these conditions occur at the level of the aortic valves and, with time these changes lead to calcifications and CAVD. However, there are no pharmacological treatments available to reverse or retard the progression of aortic valve disease in diabetes, despite the significant advances in the field. Therefore, it is critical to uncover the mechanisms of valve disease progression, find biomarkers for diagnosis and new targets for therapies. This review aims at presenting an update on the basic research in CAVD in the context of diabetes. We provide an insight into the accumulated data including our results on diabetes‐induced progressive cell and molecular alterations in the aortic valve, new potential biomarkers to assess the evolution and therapy of the disease, advancement in targeted nanotherapies, tissue engineering and the potential use of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in CAVD.
Sexual performance and survival of males of Ceratitis capitata VIENNA 8 (Diptera: Tephritidae) inoculated with a commercial formulation of Beauveria bassiana
Authors: Ramírez y Ramírez Francisco , Salvador‐Figueroa Miguel , Rosas‐Quijano Raymundo , Cruz‐López Leopoldo , Toledo Jorge , Quintero‐Fong Luis 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a polyphagous pest that feeds upon more than 300 host plants, including fruits and vegetables. To eradicate this pest, the Mexican program (Programa Moscamed) targeting fruit flies applied a novel approach that works with the sterile insect technique (SIT) by inoculating sterile flies with fungal spores of a commercial formulation of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin. Dissemination occurs through contact with the sterile insect with wild populations. However, the fungus is known to reduce the homeostatic condition of the vector (sexual and aggressive interactions) to the point that it affects physical contact with the receptor. The objective was to evaluate the effect of B. bassiana on the sexual performance and survival of sterile males of the C. capitata strain VIENNA 8. Mating competition, induction of sterility, production of the sexual pheromone and survival were compared between inoculated and non‐inoculated sterile males. The parameters evaluated were fundamental to evaluate the success in the SIT. The results of the study indicated that the inoculated males with B. bassiana showed a gradual decrease in sexual performance (mating, induction of sterility and production of the sexual pheromone) and survival after treatment. We conclude that for SIT release programs, the effectiveness of targeted males is up to 5 days post‐inoculation. The implications of this biological control method in SIT are discussed.