bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The calculation of the allowable diametrical inaccuracy of the cycloidal driving bores in a cycloidal drive with a given profile error and transmission ratio fluctuation
Authors: Csobán Attila 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cycloidal drives are getting more and more widespread due to their beneficial properties. The greatest advantage of these transmissions compared to other general-purpose industrial transmissions, but even compared to the more widespread types of planetary gears, is their ability to operate with large transmission ratios and good efficiency under larger performance density. A smaller amount of play and the minimal fluctuation of transmission ratios, which fundamentally define the kinematic properties of these high precision premium transmissions, can only be achieved by increasing the manufacturing accuracy, decreasing the magnitude of manufacturing errors and limiting the tolerance field. The current research, has focused on finding the allowable manufacturing accuracy of transmissions that are primarily manufactured by small scale or by one-off production, and discusses the effect of the cycloidal driving bores diametrical inaccuracy in a cycloidal disc, that was manufactured with wire electrical discharge machining and contains profile defects.
A New Switch-Diode Cell-Based Single-Phase cascaded Multilevel Inverters
Authors: mahato bidyut , Majumdar Saikat , Jana Kartick Chandra , Babaei Ebrahim , Mohanta Dushmanta kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A novel generalized modular MLI topology blends the unique advantages associated with existing MLIs to enhance the output voltage level incorporating a comparatively lesser number of power electronic components for similar performances. The unique features of the proposed topology pertain to lower distortion as well as total standing voltage (TSV) and best level-switch ratio (LSR) amongst the state-of-art MLIs. Extensive simulations using MATLAB/Simulation platforms as well as experimental models of single-phase 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 level inverter validate the superiority of the proposed topology for pragmatic applications in uninterruptable power supplies, photovoltaic farms, wind farms, and fuel cells.
Influence of the treatment with the antineoplastic agents 5-fluorouracil and Cisplatin on the severity of experimental periodontitis in rats
Authors: novaes vivian , Ervolino Edilson , Fernandes Giovani Lopes , Cunha Clara Possarle , Theodoro Leticia Helena , Garcia Valdir Gouveia , de Almeida Juliano Milanezi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The determination on how antineoplastic agents interfere on the progression of periodontitis is critical for improvement and even development of novel therapeutic approaches for periodontal management. This study evaluated the influence of chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or cisplatin (CIS) on healthy periodontal tissues and on the progression of experimental periodontitis (EP).
Methods
One-hundred-forty-four male rats were divided into six groups (n = 24). Each group was treated with physiological saline solution (PSS) 0.9%, 5-FU or CIS. Experimental periodontitis (EP) was induced by ligature placement. Animals were euthanized at 7, 15 and 30 days after treatment. Data were statistically analyzed (p ≤ 0.05).
Results
The groups with EP and treated with 5-FU or CIS showed lower percentage of bone volume in the furcation region and higher percentage of alveolar bone loss, higher number of TRAP-positive cells and lower number of PCNA-positive cells when compared group with EP and treated with PSS (p ≤ 0.05). Groups with EP and treated with 5-FU or CIS showed high immunolabelling pattern of RANKL, TNF-α, IL-1β, moderate of BAX and low of HIF-1α. Histological analysis showed severe tissue breakdown in the groups with EP and treated with 5-FU or CIS.
Conclusions
Chemotherapy with antineoplastic agents 5-FU and CIS increasing the intensity and duration of the inflammation; and compromising tissue repair by reduction in cellular and vascular turnover. The more severe periodontal breakdown was caused by 5-FU.
“Continuous Shadow of Mother’s Breast Cancer”: Exploring the Voice of Daughters
Authors: Fang Su Ying , Wang Yu-Ming , Lee Kuo-Ting 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Women whose mothers have been diagnosed with breast cancer are concerned about their mothers’ illness and fear developing cancer themselves. This study aims to understand daughters’ lived experiences after their mothers have been diagnosed with breast cancer in Taiwan. Method: In-depth interviews were conducted to understand the daughters’ emotional reactions to their mothers’ diagnoses, their challenges with taking care of their mothers, and their concerns or perceptions regarding their own risks of developing breast cancer. Themes were identified through a content analysis. Results: An analysis of 18 transcripts revealed six themes: “taking care of my mother is my responsibility”, “desiring sufficient information/support”, “feeling helplessness in providing care”, “expecting a cancer diagnosis in fear”, “anticipating a resolution other than surveillance”, and “worrying about myself is not a priority”. Conclusion: The daughters prioritized the responsibility of caring for their mothers physically and psychologically rather than managing their own cancer concerns. Health care professionals should be aware of these priorities to provide education regarding the care of high-risk populations and psychological support to the adult daughters.
Risk factors for COVID-19-related death, hospitalization and intensive care: A population-wide study of all inhabitants in Stockholm
Authors: Cars Thomas , Hergens Maria-Pia , Bell Max , Haglund Per , Sundström Johan , Lampa Erik , Nederby-Öhd Joanna , Östlund Maria Rotzén 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, the scientific community has explored determinants of Covid 19 disease severity. However, the majority of studies are based on in-hospital patients with high risk of collider- or selection bias. The present investigation details risk factors associated with overall mortality, hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in Covid-19 infections, with complete population coverage and high-resolution data on patient characteristics and comorbid conditions. Methods: This population-based observational study comprises all residents 18 years and older in Stockholm Region – 1.8 million inhabitants - using the real-time Covid-19 monitoring framework. The observation period lasted between March 1 to December 31, 2020. Hazard ratios (HR) for risk factors of Covid-19 disease severity were assessed using Cox proportional hazard models. Results: In total, 3,322 deaths, 11,508 hospitalizations and 1,423 ICU-admissions related to Covid-19 occurred during the study period. Kidney failure, diabetes and obesity increased risk of mortality and so did heart failure and ischemic heart disease. However, atrial fibrillation and hypertension did not. Risk of hospitalization follow a similar pattern, whereas admission to intensive care differs; triage processes where clearly present as certain co-morbid conditions were associated with lower ICU-admission. Conclusions: Observed differences in risk of mortality and hospitalization among patients with Covid 19 raise important questions about potentially protective co-medication which will be further addressed using the real-time Covid-19 monitoring framework.
Implementing a Canadian Shared-care ADHD Program in Beijing: Barriers and Facilitators to Consider Prior to Start-up
Authors: Bahraini Sayna , Maisonneuve Alexander , Liu Yirong , Samson André , Ying Qian , Li Fei , Yang Li , Robaey Philippe 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The ADHD Shared Care Pathways is a program that has been developed in Canada with two main strategies: (a) to implement shared care between general practitioners (GPs) and specialists, and (b) to implement stepped care in which the patient is treated at the most appropriate level of care, depending on complexity or outcome of their illness. The current study aims to identify challenges and facilitators in implementing this program in a Chinese context. Methods: Two focus groups were conducted using semi-structured interviews with a total of 7 healthcare providers in Beijing. A grounded theory approach using open, axial and selective coding provided three main themes pertaining to the barriers and facilitators faced at: (1) a social-level from of the perspectives of patients and healthcare providers; (2) at a structural-level related to both internal and external organizational environments; (3) and at the intervention-level. Results: Results reveal multilayered challenges in implementing an ADHD Shared Care Pathways program for children in China. Conclusion: Our study highlights the importance of consultation in a new implementation context in order to get a “lay of the land”. By extension, our results demonstrate areas for service development and further research.
Fuel Phononic Crystal Sensor for the Determination and Discrimination of Gasoline Components
Authors: Mehaney Ahmed , Hassan Mohamed Saleh , Elsayed Hussein A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, we have introduced theoretically a novel design of a 1D phononic crystal model acting as a sensor for gasoline components (blends). The proposed sensor is prepared to distinguish between different components of gasoline with high performance. The sensor is designed from a defect layer filled with one of the gasoline blends in the middle of a 1D multilayer phononic crystal configured as, [(lead/ epoxy)2 gasoline [(lead / epoxy)2] . The numerical investigations are obtained based on the transfer matrix method and the acoustic properties of the constituent materials. The numerical results showed that our sensing tool can distinguish between different gasoline blends with high selectivity and sensitivity at the same time. In addition, the monitoring of these blends could be obtained. The proposed sensor provides high sensitivity and quality factor that can reach 2.97×107 Hz and 5034, respectively.
Volatilization Process of Toluene From Contaminated Soil Under Consideration of Co-Existence of Pore Water
Authors: Lu Liangliang , Liu Zhibin , Li Shangan , Bai Mei , Fan Zhanhuang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The volatilization process of contaminants has been shown to play an important role in remediation of VOCs-contaminated soils. The aim of this paper is to study the volatilization characteristics of both toluene and water from soil, and to evaluate their interaction mechanism under different conditions. A test system is developed to measure mass loss of contaminants and water from soil by volatilization. It was found that basically the volatilization process could be divided into two stages in clay and one stage in sand. Two main influential mechanisms of water on the volatilization of toluene include molecules competitive adsorption and blocking of volatilization channels. In addition, the evaporation process of water was restricted by volatilization of toluene. Volatilization rate of toluene would increase with the increase of water content when the water content was low. But it would decrease with the increase of water content when the water content was higher than 15% in clay. In addition, there existed an optimal water content (15%) under which the maxium volatilization rate could be achieved.
Carbon Stock Potential of Highland Bamboo (Yushania alpina) Over Plantation Niches of a Tropical Highland, Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Jember Ayana Admass , Taye Mintesinot , Mulu Gashaw 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The study analyzed the stand structure and carbon stock of the bamboo (Yushania alpina) over plantation niches of a tropical highland, Northwestern Ethiopia. Five sample plots (with a plot size of 10m*10m) in each of the niches (homestead, woodlot and riverbank) were selected randomly, and this was repeated in four different villages/sites for a total of sixty samples. Culm size (height and DBH), diameter (cm) and height (meter), density of clump (ha) and the number of the culms per clump, and age composition (year) were measured. The estimations of the above-ground and below-ground biomass were done based on allometric equation and root-to-shoot ratio of 1:5, respectively. For estimating the total carbon of the bamboo, the carbon fraction (0.47) was multiplied by the total biomass; and the total carbon was multiplied by 3.67 to estimate the carbon dioxide equivalent. A one-way ANOVA (P<0.05) was used to test whether group mean difference exists among the niches. The measured value of the culm diameter ranged from 5.1 ± 0.1cm – 6.1 ± 0.1cm. The lowest and highest values were observed in the riverbank and the homestead plantation niches, respectively. The homestead niche represents the highest value of culm density (27,945 ± 34 culms/ha), followed by the woodlot (22,775 ± 45 culms/ha) and the riverbank (20,375 ± 36 culms/ha) niches. The woodlot niche represents the highest value of clump stocking (1,885 ± 46 clumps/ha), followed by the riverbank (1,775 ± 27 clumps/ha) and the homestead (1,562 ± 11 clumps/ha) niches. The mean value of the total biomass, carbon storage and carbon equivalent capacity of the bamboo over the niches ranged from 85.4 ± 6 – 92.6 ± 6 t/ha, 40.1 ± 3 – 43.5 ± 2.9 t C/ha, and 147.3 ± 11– 159.7 ± 10 t CO2/ha, respectively. A significant group mean difference was observed among the bamboo plantation niches in all parameters for the presence of different purposes and management practices. The highest and the lowest values in all the parameters were observed in the homestead and the riverbank niches, respectively. The bamboo plantation needs to be adopted for land restoration and climate change mitigation.
A High-Speed Precision Bearing Internal Grinding Machine and Grinding Process
Authors: Chang Zhou , Jia Qian , Hu Lai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to meet the requirement of grade P2 bearing grinding, we designed a high-speed internal grinding machine used for bearing raceway and inner circle grinding. The machine adopts T-type layout and 4-axis NC linkage. It is supported by hydrostatic pressure and driven directly by torque motor. Besides, it is equipped with high-speed hydrostatic grinding wheel spindle of ELKA. Our design includes hydrostatic workpiece shaft, hydrostatic turntable and hydrostatic guide rail. The design of this machine can ensure the high-speed grinding process and research has good engineering application value. Finally, the designed precision grinding machine is used to grind the P2 bearing raceway with reasonable processing technology.
Integration of Image Segmentation and Fuzzy Theory to Improve the Accuracy of Damage Detection Areas in Traffic Accidents
Authors: Amirfakhrian Majid , Parhizkar Mahboub 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Machine vision technology will have a significant impact on all industrial works in the next decade due to the latest technological advances in this field, and these advances are such that the use of this technology is now vital. Machine vision involves the process of applying a wide range of technologies and methods in providing automated inspection based on imaging, process control, and robot guidance in industrial applications. One of the applications of car vision is to diagnose traffic accidents. Moreover, car vision is utilized for detecting the amount of damage to vehicles during traffic accidents. In this article, using image processing and machine learning techniques, a new method is presented to improve the accuracy of detecting damaged areas in traffic accidents. Evaluating the proposed method and comparing it with previous works showed that the proposed method is more accurate in identifying damaged areas and it has a shorter execution time.
Analyzing the Economic Development-Driven Ecological Deficit in the EU-15 Countries: New Evidence From PSTR Approach
Authors: Aydin Celil , ESEN Ömer , AYDIN Recai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study empirically analyses the nonlinear impact of economic activities on ecological balance indicators that estimate the balance between economies' pressure on nature and the biologically productive resources areas affected by human activity and the earth's ecological carrying capacity. In measuring this balance, ecological balance sheet indicators are divided into four sub-components; cropland, forest area, fishing grounds and grazing land. The sample of the study consists of the EU-15 countries over the period 1995–2016. In order to render the study robust with respect to econometric issues like potential endogeneity bias, cross-country heterogeneity, time instability and nonlinearity, the study adopted panel smooth transition regression (PSTR) method. The empirical findings reveal that the economic activities carried out up to a certain threshold level do not force the ecological balance as nature can compensate for the resulting externalities, but beyond this threshold, waste accumulation and pollution exceed nature’s capacity to absorb. Consequently, the results of the study are not in line with the expectation of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis with inverted U-shaped curve, but indicate a need for implementation of active environmental policies for the improvement of the environment.
The Effects of Aerobic Training and Omega-3 Intake on Aβ42, Neprilysin, and γ- Secretase in the Hippocampus of Male Rats Alzheimer's model
Authors: Yaghoubi Ali 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by excessive deposition of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) in the central nervous system and reducing its level is the goal of many medications. Thus this study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic training and omega-3 intake on Aβ42, Neprilysin, and γ-secretase in the hippocampus of male rats Alzheimer's model. 50 male wistar rats (12weeks-old and weight 222.31 ± 11.91 g), divided into 5 groups including, control Alzheimer's (AC), Alzheimer's with the omega-3 intake (AO), Alzheimer training (AT), Alzheimer's with omega-3 intake, and Alzheimer training (AOT) and Healthy Control (HC). Alzheimer's disease induced by injection of homocysteine (60mM) into the rat brain ventricle. Training with a speed of 20 m/min (60 minutes and 5 days/week on the treadmill) was applied. The supplement group was received an Omega-3 supplement 800mg/kg of body weight, daily for eight weeks. Level of Aβ42, γ-secretase, and Neprilysin protein measured using ELISA method. In data analysis, a one-way ANOVA and Tukey test as a post hoc were used (P < 0.05). The obtained results showed that the level of Aβ42 in the hippocampus of AC was significantly higher than the HC group (P = 0.001). Also, the level of the Aβ42 in the hippocampus of AC was significantly higher than AO, AT, and AOT groups (P values 0.001, 0.007, and 0.003 respectively). Also the γ-Secretase level in the hippocampus of AC was significantly higher than the HC group (P = 0.001). Also, the γ-secretase levels in the hippocampus of the AC group were significantly higher than AO, AT, and AOT groups (P values, 0.002, 0.001, and 0.001 respectively). There was no significant difference between Neprilysin levels of the hippocampus of research groups (P = 0.534). It appears that exercise training and omega-3 consumption, can prevent amyloidogenic pathways by reducing the level of γ-secretase, and lead to reducing the level of Aβ hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease subjects. In total, aerobic exercise training and omega-3 intake can be studied as complementary therapy in Alzheimer's patients.
Concomitant Acute Limb Ischemia and Pulmonary Embolism in the Course of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Case Report
Authors: harras Mahassine El , ELOUARRADI AMAL , ABDELADIM SALMA , MERZOUK FATIMAZAHRA , KASSIMI MERYEM , BENSAHI ILHAM , OUALIM SARA , SABRY MOHAMED 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The new 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Thrombotic complications are increasingly recognized as an important part of this disease. Thromboprophylaxis with anti-platelet drugs and anticoagulants are recommended in the initial treatment of the disease.Case presentation: We report the case of a patient hospitalized for a mild form of COVID19 pneumonia, who was admitted, one month later, acute limb ischemia and pulmonary embolism despite antithrombotic prophylaxis. Conclusion: Most reported cases are either arterial or venous thrombosis. The concomitant combination of arterial and venous thrombosis is rarely reported. The prophylactic anticoagulation strategy in the SARS- Cov 2 infection is steel not well established.
Knowledge, Perception and Attitude in Relation to Climate Change: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Rehman Tanzeela , Bandh Suhaib , Peerzada Mohazeb , Bashir Shahnaz , Hoang Anh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using multiple online channels, where hundreds of responses were recorded from seven different countries, in order to provide a better understanding of the global public opinion about the awareness, perception and attitude about climate change. The results reflected that majority of people believe in the actual happening of Climate Change both by natural as well as anthropogenic causes. While most respondents believed in the anthropogenic causes of climate change, some people still displayed their confidence in the natural causation of climate change and thus affirmed their awareness of its natural causes. There was however, a difference of opinion regarding the mechanism behind the greenhouse effect. The respondents also provided their opinion on the impact of carbon aerosols on the atmospheric temperature. Further, the respondents were optimistic on the issue of climate change reversal and had also preferred some mitigation steps such as the use of geo-engineering over adjusting to the existing impacts of climate change. Although, people confirmed their belief in the human-induced nature of climate change, yet their agreement of having faced bizarre things about climate change like the lack of consensus among the scientists and climate change being a hoax shows their unawareness about the appropriate knowledge and the propaganda against this planetary emergency. Therefore, this study could prove helpful for policy makers and other stakeholders as it shows how much is done and how much more is pending.