bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of DPPH• scavenging by bacterioruberin from Haloferax alexandrinus GUSF-1 (KF796625)
Authors: Alvares Jyothi Judith , Furtado Irene Jeronimo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis is the first account of the kinetics of free radical scavenging by bacterioruberin obtained from cells of Haloferax alexandrinus GUSF-1(KF796625), grown at optimum conditions of 25% NaCl, pH 7, 42 °C, 150 rpm in NaCl Tryptone yeast extract medium and light. Bacterioruberin separated from methanolic extract displayed characteristics absorption peaks at 368, 386, 463, 492 and 525 nm and gave an m/z value of 740.4 (C50H76O4) in Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy validating its purity. Bacterioruberin (13 µM) decolorized and decayed 0.2 mM 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH•) monitored at 517 nm and reached a steady state within 30 min. An EC50 of 6.50 µM ± 0.27 (4.81 µg/mL ± 0.2) was deduced for the 0.2 mM DPPH•-bacterioruberin reaction using the GraphPad Prism 9 statistical software and employing the right-angled triangle technique. The study also revealed a comprehensive information of the total kinetic activity of bacterioruberin with DPPH•: the antioxidant activity index was 16.38 ± 0.67; time needed to reach the steady state with the added EC50—30 min; the antiradical power 30.77 ± 1.27 and the antiradical efficiency of 54.7 × 10–3 ± 2.24, thus reflecting the strong antioxidant nature of bacterioruberin. Scavenging of DPPH• by bacterioruberin was a pseudo-first-order reaction with a rate constant k2 of 2.76 × 10–5 ± 0.001 µM−1 s−1 calculated at t = 0 or initial time and t = 30 min. The knowledge of the kinetics of bacterioruberin to scavenge DPPH• adds to its effective application as an antioxidant in medicinal use, pharmaceutical products and others. Additionally, the use of simple conventional method of DPPH• free radical scavenging, monitored using an easily available laboratory spectrophotometer, will certainly help in the effective use of any antioxidant compound.
The outcome of hydrodilation in frozen shoulder patients and the relationship with kinesiophobia, depression, and anxiety
Authors: Debeer Philippe , Commeyne Olivia , De Cupere Ianthe , Tijskens Dorien , Verhaegen Filip , Dankaerts Wim , Claes Laurence , Kiekens Glenn 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeThe aims of this study were to (1) investigate the effect of hydrodilatation in frozen shoulder patients on objective indices of shoulder functionality and subjective outcomes of pain, mobility, kinesiophobia, depression, and anxiety, and (2) progress knowledge about the reciprocal temporal relationship between psychological parameters at baseline and objective and subjective outcomes at 3-month follow-up.MethodsWe evaluated the clinical and psychological status of 72 patients with a frozen shoulder before and after hydrodilatation, using the Constant Murley score, the Visual Analogue score, the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Shoulder Pain And Disability Index.ResultsWe noted a significant improvement in functionality, pain and disability (p < .001). Depression and anxiety improved significantly (p < .001) between baseline and 3-month follow-up. Prospective analyses demonstrated that psychological factors are more likely to predict outcomes of hydrodilatation than vice versa.ConclusionHydrodilatation followed by physiotherapy is an excellent way to treat patients with recalcitrant frozen shoulder, resulting in a continuous improvement of ROM and pain. Physiotherapists and physicians should be aware that psychological factors might have an impact on the treatment outcome.
The neuropsychiatric effects of nitrous oxide and low vitamin B12
Authors: Farmer Joseph , Romain Karen , Ibrahim Mina , Kumar Manoj , York Moore William 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYThis narrative review article aims to update knowledge on the neuropsychiatric complications of nitrous oxide use and low vitamin B12. We consider common forms and uses of nitrous oxide (N2O) and review its mechanism of action, and then explore the potential impacts of use. In particular, neuropsychiatric effects mediated by low vitamin B12 are considered and the correct interpretation of laboratory results explored. This is of particular importance as where vitamin B12 is inactivated by chronic nitrous oxide use, blood test levels of vitamin B12 may not reflect the quantity of functional B12 in patients.
Performance of the Hypotension Prediction Index With Noninvasive Arterial Pressure Waveforms in Awake Cesarean Delivery Patients Under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Frassanito Luciano , Sonnino Chiara , Piersanti Alessandra , Zanfini Bruno Antonio , Catarci Stefano , Giuri Pietro Paolo , Scorzoni Marco , Gonnella Gian Luigi , Antonelli Massimo , Draisci Gaetano 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND:
Arterial hypotension is common after spinal anesthesia (SA) for cesarean delivery (CD), and to date, there is no definitive method to predict it. The hypotension prediction index (HPI) is an algorithm that uses the arterial waveform to predict early phases of intraoperative hypotension. The aims of this study were to assess the diagnostic ability of HPI working with arterial waveforms detected by ClearSight system in predicting impending hypotension in awake patients, and the agreement of pressure values recorded by ClearSight with conventional noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitoring in patients undergoing CD under SA.

METHODS:
In this retrospective analysis of pregnant patients scheduled for elective CD under SA, continuous hemodynamic data measured with the ClearSight monitor until delivery were downloaded from an Edwards Lifesciences HemoSphere platform and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the performance of HPI algorithm working on the ClearSight pressure waveform in predicting hypotensive events, defined as mean arterial pressure (MAP) <65 mm Hg for >1 minute. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were computed at the optimal cutpoint, selected as the value that minimizes the difference between sensitivity and specificity. ClearSight MAP values were compared to NIBP MAP values by linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis corrected for repeated measurements.

RESULTS:
Fifty patients undergoing CD were included in the analysis. Hypotension occurred in 23 patients (48%). Among patients experiencing hypotension, the HPI disclosed 71 alerts. The HPI predicted hypotensive events with a sensitivity of 83% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69–97) and specificity of 83% (95% CI, 70–95) at 3 minutes before the event (area under the curve [AUC] 0.913 [95% CI, 0.837–0.99]); with a sensitivity of 97% (95% CI, 92–100) and specificity of 97% (95% CI, 92–100) at 2 minutes before the event (AUC 0.995 [95% CI, 0.979–1.0]); and with a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI, 100–100) and specificity 100% (95% CI, 100–100) 1 minute before the event (AUC 1.0 [95% CI, 1.0–1.0]). A total of 2280 paired NIBP MAP and ClearSight MAP values were assessed. The mean of the differences between the ClearSight and NIBP assessed using Bland-Altman analysis (±standard deviation [SD]; 95% limits of agreement with respective 95% CI) was −0.97 mm Hg (±4.8; −10.5 [−10.8 to −10.1] to 8.5 [8.1–8.8]).

CONCLUSIONS:
HPI provides an accurate real time and continuous prediction of impending intraoperative hypotension before its occurrence in awake patients under SA. We found acceptable agreement between ClearSight MAP and NIBP MAP.
An Ultramicroporous Metal-Organic Framework with Record High Selectivity for Inverse CO2/C2H2 Separation
Authors: Cui Hui , Xie Yi , Ye Yingxiang , Shi Yanshu , Liang Bin , Chen Banglin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Removal of CO2 to purify CO2/C2H2 mixtures through porous material is a more energy saving method compared with the traditional cryogenic distillation. Those CO2-selective adsorption porous materials are ideal for directly producing high-purity C2H2, especially allowing sieving separation with infinite selectivity but without sacrificing any uptake capacity. Here, we report an ultramicroporous metal–organic framework (MOF) [Cu(hfipbb)(H2hfipbb0.5)] (1), [H2hfipbb is 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) bis(benzoic acid)] has been studied for inverse separation of CO2 from C2H2 under ambient conditions. This Cu-based MOF material was comprehensively demonstrated as an efficient CO2-selective adsorbent used for C2H2 purification by single-component adsorption isotherms, showing promise for industrial acetylene purification.
Esterification or Thioesterification of Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols or Thiols Using Amphipathic Monolith-SO3H Resin
Authors: Wakayama Fumika , Ito Ryo , Park Kwihwan , Ishida Moeka , Yamada Yutaro , Ichihara Shuta , Takada Hitoshi , Nakamura Shinji , Kato Ayumu , Yamada Tsuyoshi , Sajiki Hironao , Monguchi Yasunari 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We have developed a method for the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols using amphipathic, monolithic-resin bearing sulfonic acid moieties as cation exchange functions (monolith-SO3H). Monolith-SO3H efficiently catalyzed the esterification of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids with various primary and secondary alcohols (1.5–5.0 equiv) in toluene at 60–80 °C without the need to remove water generated during the reaction. The amphipathic property of monolith-SO3H facilitates dehydration due to its capacity for water absorption. This reaction was also applicable to thioesterification, wherein the corresponding thioesters were obtained in excellent yield using only 2.0 equiv of thiol in toluene, although heating at 120 °C was required. Moreover, monolith-SO3H was separable from the reaction mixtures by simple filtration and reused for at least five runs without decreasing the catalytic activity.
PET–CT for the diagnosis and treatment of primary musculoskeletal tumors in Chinese patients - experience from 255 patients in a single center
Authors: Muheremu Aikeremujiang , Wen Tianlin , Niu Xiaohui 
Published: September 2021

Objective:The current study was carried out to assess the value of positron emission tomography (PET)/CT on the diagnosis and staging of primary musculoskeletal tumors.Methods:PET–CT test results and histopathological study reports of all the patients with primary musculoskeletal tumors in our department from January 2006 to July 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in these PET–CT reports were recorded and analyzed respectively for each type of sarcoma.Results:A total of 255 patients were included in the final analysis. Sensitivity of SUVmax based diagnosis was 96.6% for primary malignant osseous sarcomas and 91.2% for soft tissue sarcomas. SUVmax of high-grade osseous sarcomas (average 8.4 ± 5.5) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than low-grade osseous sarcomas (average 3.9 ± 1.8); based on current case series, SUVmax of high-grade soft tissue sarcomas (7.5 ± 5.1) was not significantly different (p = 0.229) from that of low-grade soft tissue sarcomas (5.3 ± 3.7). Significant decrease of SUVmax value after chemotherapy was associated with favorable prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.Conclusion:Results of the current study indicate that, the SUVmax based application of PET–CT can be a valuable supplementary method to histopathological tests regarding the diagnosis and staging of primary musculoskeletal sarcomas.Advances in knowledge:SUVmax based application of PET–CT is a highly sensitive method in diagnosis of primary osseous and soft tissue sarcomas in Chinese patients.
Using multiple outcomes in intervention studies for improved trade-off between power and type I errors: the Adjust NVar approach
Authors: Bishop Dorothy V. M. 
Published: September 2021

Background The CONSORT guidelines for clinical trials recommend use of a single primary outcome, to guard against the raised risk of false positive findings when multiple measures are considered. It is, however, possible to include a suite of multiple outcomes in an intervention study, while controlling the familywise error rate, if the criterion for rejecting the null hypothesis specifies that N or more of the outcomes reach an agreed level of statistical significance, where N depends on the total number of outcome measures included in the study, and the correlation between them. Methods Simulations were run, using a conventional null-hypothesis significance testing approach with alpha set at .05, to explore the case when between 2 and 12 outcome measures are included to compare two groups, with average correlation between measures ranging from zero to .8, and true effect size ranging from 0 to .7. In step 1, a table is created giving the minimum N significant outcomes (MinNSig) that is required for a given set of outcome measures to control the familywise error rate at 5%. In step 2, data are simulated using MinNSig values for each set of correlated outcomes and the resulting proportion of significant results is computed for different sample sizes,correlations, and effect sizes. Results The Adjust NVar approach can achieve a more efficient trade-off between power and type I error rate than use of a single outcome when there are three or more moderately intercorrelated outcome variables. Conclusions Where it is feasible to have a suite of moderately correlated outcome measures, then this might be a more efficient approach than reliance on a single primary outcome measure in an intervention study. In effect, it builds in an internal replication to the study. This approach can also be used to evaluate published intervention studies.
Effectiveness of sweep net, yellow pan trap and malaise trap for sampling parasitic hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice
Authors: Ikhsan Zahlul , Hidrayani Hidrayani , Yaherwandi Yaherwandi , Hamid Hasmiandy 
Published: September 2021

The presence of the parasitic Hymenoptera plays a vital role in pest management for sustainable agriculture. So, it is crucial to know the parasitoid species that exist in an agroecosystem. Sweep Net, Yellow Pan Trap, and Malaise Trap are often used to study the diversity of Hymenoptera parasitic in agroecosystems. This study aims to see the effectiveness of Sweep Net, Yellow Pan Trap, and Malaise Trap in trapping Parasitic Hymenoptera. The study was carried out at four sub-districts, namely are Batang Tuaka, Keritang, Reteh, and Tembilahan Hulu sub-district. The research was carried out by sampling with the transect line method. Sweep net, Yellow pan trap, and Malaise trap have trapped 5,732 individuals of Parasitic Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice in Indragiri Hilir Regency. The Parasitic Hymenoptera consists of 10 superfamilies, 30 families, and 320 morphospecies. Malaise traps are the best for trapping parasitic Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice. Malaise traps have been able to trap up to 62% of morphospecies and 81% of the abundance of individual Parasitic Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice. Yellow pan traps trap 28% of morphospecies and 15% of the abundance of individual Parasitic Hymenoptera. The sweep net can trap 10% of morphospecies and 4% of the abundance of individual Parasitic Hymenoptera.Keywords: Parasitic Hymenoptera; trap; tidal swamp rice.
Ultra-wide band (O to L) photonic integrated polymer cross-bar switch matrix
Authors: Wang Yu , Shin Jang-Uk , Tessema Netsanet , van den Hout Menno , van der Heide Sjoerd , Okonkwo Chigo , Jung Hyun-Do , Calabretta Nicola 
Published: September 2021

We present an ultra-wide band photonic integrated

4

×

4

polymer cross-bar switch matrix based on total internal reflection and the thermo-optic effect. The photonic integrated polymer switch owns low insertion loss, low power consumption, wavelength, and polarization-independent operation for all switching paths. The experimental results show ultra-wide band (O- to L-band) operation with fiber-to-fiber insertion losses ranging from

−

3.7

to

−

6.5

d
B

, 0.1 to 0.6 dB polarization-dependent losses, switching the on-off ratio above 36 dB on average, and 25 mW power consumption per path. Error-free operation with a power penalty

<

0.2

d
B

at 1 E-9 bit error rate (BER) for ultra-wide band non-return-to-zero on-off keying (NRZ-OOK) wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) switched signals at 10, 25, 40, and 50 Gbit/s, and 510 Gbps dual polarization 64-QAM switched data with a negligible penalty were measured.
A comparative field evaluation of six medicine quality screening devices in Laos
Authors: Caillet Céline , Vickers Serena , Zambrzycki Stephen , Fernández Facundo M. , Vidhamaly Vayouly , Boutsamay Kem , Boupha Phonepasith , Peerawaranun Pimnara , Mukaka Mavuto , Newton Paul N. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Medicine quality screening devices hold great promise for post-market surveillance (PMS). However, there is little independent evidence on their field utility and usability to inform policy decisions. This pilot study in the Lao PDR tested six devices’ utility and usability in detecting substandard and falsified (SF) medicines.

Methodology/principal findings
Observational time and motion studies of the inspections by 16 Lao medicine inspectors of 1) the stock of an Evaluation Pharmacy (EP), constructed to resemble a Lao pharmacy, and 2) a sample set of medicines (SSM); were conducted without and with six devices: four handheld spectrometers (two near infrared: MicroPHAZIR RX, NIR-S-G1 & two Raman: Progeny, Truscan RM); one portable mid-infrared spectrometer (4500a), and single-use paper analytical devices (PAD). User experiences were documented by interviews and focus group discussions.
Significantly more samples were wrongly categorised as pass/fail with the PAD compared to the other devices in EP inspections (p<0.05). The numbers of samples wrongly classified in EP inspections were significantly lower than in initial visual inspections without devices for 3/6 devices (NIR-S-G1, MicroPHAZIR RX, 4500a). The NIR-S-G1 had the fastest testing time per sample (median 93.5 sec, p<0.001). The time spent on EP visual inspection was significantly shorter when using a device than for inspections without devices, except with the 4500a, risking missing visual clues of samples being SF. The main user errors were the selection of wrong spectrometer reference libraries and wrong user interpretation of PAD results. Limitations included repeated inspections of the EP by the same inspectors with different devices and the small sample size of SF medicines.

Conclusions/significance
This pilot study suggests policy makers wishing to implement portable screening devices in PMS should be aware that overconfidence in devices may cause harm by reducing inspectors’ investment in visual inspection. It also provides insight into the advantages/limitations of diverse screening devices in the hands of end-users.
Cross-sectional study of the ambulance transport between healthcare facilities with medical support via telemedicine: Easy, effective, and safe tool
Authors: Pedrotti Carlos H. S. , Accorsi Tarso A. D. , Amicis Lima Karine De , Filho Jose R. de O. Silva , Morbeck Renata A. , Cordioli Eduardo 
Published: September 2021

Background
Feasibility and safety of ambulance transport between healthcare facilities with medical support exclusively via telemedicine are unknown.

Methods
This was a retrospective study with a single telemedicine center reference for satellite emergency departments of the same hospital. The study population was all critically ill patients admitted to one of the peripheral units from November 2016 to May 2020 and who needed to be transferred to the main building. Telemedicine-assisted transportation was performed by an emergency specialist. The inclusion criteria included patients above the age of 15 and initial stabilization performed at the emergency department. Unstable, intubated, ST-elevation myocardial infarction and acute stroke patients were excluded. There was a double-check of safety conditions by the nurse and the remote doctor before the ambulance departure. The primary endpoint was the number of telemedicine-guided interventions during transport.

Results
2840 patients were enrolled. The population was predominantly male (53.2%) with a median age of 60 years. Sepsis was the most prevalent diagnosis in 28% of patients, followed by acute coronary syndromes (8.5%), arrhythmia (6.7%), venous thromboembolism (6.1%), stroke (6.1%), acute abdomen (3.6%), respiratory distress (3.3%), and heart failure (2.5%). Only 22 (0.8%) patients required telemedicine-assisted support during transport. Administration of oxygen therapy and analgesics were the most common recommendations made by telemedicine emergency physicians. There were no communication problems in the telemedicine-assisted group.

Conclusions
Telemedicine-assisted ambulance transportation between healthcare facilities of stabilized critically ill patients may be an option instead of an onboard physician. The frequency of clinical support requests by telemedicine is minimal, and most evaluations are of low complexity and easily and safely performed by trained nurses.
Prevalence of common mental disorder and associated factors among mothers of under five year children at Arbaminch Town, South Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Barsisa Batala , Derajew Habtamu , Haile Kibrom , Mesafint Gebremeskel , Shumet Shegaye 
Published: September 2021

Background
Common mental disorders are the major public healthproblem that affects mothers with young children. Although there were a number of studies done on maternal mental health problems, they were largely focused on perinatal period. However, there is scarcity of information on the magnitude and correlates of these mental health problems beyond perinatal period and due concern is not given mainly in LMICs including our country.

Objective
To assess the prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorderamong mothers of under-five year children at Arbaminch town, South Ethiopia, 2019.

Methods
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in May and June 2019 at Arbaminch town. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 776 participants. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to assess common mental disorder (CMD). Data was coded and entered in EPIDATA3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated to common mental disorder. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant and strength of the association was presented by adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval.

Result
The prevalence of common mental disorder among mothers with children aged below five years was 36.6% with (95% CI, 33.2, 39.9). Being single/divorced/widowed [AOR = 3.64, 95% CI:(1.47, 8.99), chronic medical illness [AOR = 3.25, 95% CI:(2.10, 5.04)], exposure to two/more stressful events [AOR = 1.62, 95% CI:(1.11, 2.36)], poor social support [AOR = 2.59, 95% CI:(1.62, 4.14)], mothers living with cigarette smoker husband [AOR = 2.03, 95% CI:(1.19, 3.47)], and mothers physically abused by their spouse [AOR = 2.36, 95% CI:(1.49, 3.74)] were factors associated with common mental disorder.

Conclusion and recommendation
The prevalence of common mental disorder was high among mothers with children aged below five years compared to the general population. Being single/divorced/widowed, chronic medicalillness, exposure to two/more stressful events, poor social support, mothers living with cigarette smoker husbandand physically abuse by their spouse were factors associated with common mental disorder. Early detection and management of these maternal mental health problems is vital for mothers’ wellbeing as well as growth and development of children.
Investigative Journalism, Hugo de Burgh and Paul Lashmar (eds) (2021)
Authors: Lunga Carolyne Mande 
Published: September 2021

Review of: Investigative Journalism, Hugo de Burgh and Paul Lashmar (eds) (2021)
London: Routledge, 316 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-36718-248-9, p/bk, £26.39, h/bk, £96.00