bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Business Work for Development: Issues for Small to Medium Enterprises
Authors:   , Thompson Paul 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis examines the question of whether business can be made to work for development. Can the standards that are used to measure development projects be applied to the outcomes of business ventures in developing countries? Proponents of neoliberal economic globalisation claim that economic growth is, by definition, good for the poor, and that the opening of global markets gives unprecedented opportunities for poverty reduction. 'Aid for Trade' is now a significant proportion of ODA funding. This is aid that is directed at assisting developing countries to be able to enter the global market. The claim is that the removal of trade barriers and the facilitation of smooth trade processes will be the key to achieving the MDG targets for poverty alleviation. Literature however suggests that such claims are much exaggerated, and that the global market does not automatically work to benefit the poor. Even where good rates of growth are achieved in a country, the poor are left behind, with widening income gaps between the rich and poor. This thesis examines these issues before investigating the concept of 'pro-poor business'. Economic growth can be structured to have positive benefits for the poor. It does not happen automatically, but it can be intentionally built into economic growth structures. There are some basic and fairly simple steps which all business could adopt to assist in poverty alleviation. Beyond this there are business ventures that are proactive in targeting the needs of poor communities. The thesis looks at case studies of six businesses started by expatriate entrepreneurs in six Asian countries. The businesses are investigated by a qualitative study that uses an emailed questionnaire followed up by further email and phone discussions. The businesses have been chosen to illustrate the possibilities over a range of types and sizes of business, and the degree to which they are intentional in targeting specific poverty issues. The businesses are asked questions both about their business structures and also about the extent to which they achieve development oriented goals. Issues faced by the businesses in this melding of business and development concerns are examined. The conclusion is that there are opportunities arising from globalisation that can be taken and shaped to enable the poor to become participants in the global economy.</p>
The Pursuit of Wholeness in Maurice Gee's Fiction for Children
Authors:   , Van Rij Vivien Jean 
Published: November 2021

<p>Towards the end of Maurice Gee's Prowlers Noel Papps comments: "A morning on my sundeck passes like the turning of a wheel. Time present and time past, now and then, bring their motions into agreement and I know the joys of congruency " (p. 217).[2] Here Noel describes a fulfilment which is circular and in which antitheses are brought together in harmony. A scientist, he has not always felt such joy. For much of his life he has been concerned with breaking things down and analysing them according to dry chemical formulae. Yet this process has been necessary for understanding, and in effect for creating the whole novel he narrates. Noel Papps seems to reflect Gee who is also concerned with division and forming a whole rounded book. This thesis examines Gee's concept of parts and their possible congruency. The Introduction considers Gee's novels for adults, especially those in which protagonists, speaking for Gee, describe the process involved in creating a whole work, whether literary, non-fictional or artistic. Their descriptions contextualise my exploration of Gee's pursuit of wholeness in his fiction for children. I turn first to the O trilogy in which the Motherstone is an explicit image of balance. Thereafter the focus is on Gee's five historical novels, in which the presence of lived experiences, real history, allusions to creative works, characters' illusions, and the universal are considered at length. Drawing on interviews, photographs, archival material, and non-fictional, historical, and literary texts, I attempt to establish the authenticity of Gee's reproduction of these dimensions and, where there are discrepancies, their effects. The narrative technique involved in bringing diverse dimensions together is also examined. Finally I consider patterning across Gee's five historical novels as a representation of a whole work.</p>
Adolescent Interrupted: the Experience of Adolescents Living with Ostomy
Authors:   , Garthwaite Susan Carole 
Published: November 2021

<p>This study explores the experiences of four adults who reflect upon their experiences, retrospectively, of being an adolescent living with an ostomy. A narrative research approach guided the collection and analysis of data elicited using in-depth interview, presenting each account in the form of a story. The stories serve as a representation of each person's experiences that enables and enriches their understanding. A preliminary literature search revealed a paucity of research investigating the psychological and emotional concerns of adolescents living with an ostomy. This is cause for concern in respect to healthcare, as the knowledge provided by these missing voices does not reach the ears of health professionals. The ability to provide care that is responsive to the needs of adolescents living with an ostomy is therefore diminished, and may have a detrimental effect on coping and adjustment for these individuals. Six core themes emerged that communicate the essence of their experience. 1) stolen adolescence: the struggle for normalcy; 2) a puppet at the hand of fate: the struggle to gain control; 3), through the looking glass: the person behind the ostomy; 4) the soul held captive by the body; 5) never to walk alone: the struggle for independence and self reliance; 6) disconnection: the experience of loneliness. The interrelationship of these core themes exists as the embodiment of the experiential whole, metaphorically entitled "The Adolescent Interrupted."This metaphorical description symbolises the cumulative effect of disruption, divergence, and disconnection from normal adolescent life as perceived by the participants in this study. This research contributes to nurses understanding of the physical, psychological, and emotional impact that living with an ostomy has on the adolescent. The findings demonstrate the importance of providing holistic care that addresses, and is responsive to the unique needs of these adolescents in order to lessen the negative impact of the experience and effect positive change.</p>
Meeting the Needs of Maori with Diabetes: an Evaluation of a Nurse-Led Service
Authors:   , Janssen Josephine Mary Elizabeth 
Published: November 2021

<p>Designated Maori health service providers and specialised Maori nursing roles using "culturally appropriate" practices have been developed in New Zealand to address health disparities between Maori and non-Maori citizens. This study considers the effectiveness, from several perspectives, of a Maori nurse-led diabetes programme offered by Te Hauora O Ngati Rarua. It also identifies salient features of the experience of having diabetes and being on the programme, which consists of the combination of a six week course of group education sessions with one-to-one case management, involving health care, education and support. Programme evaluation was conducted using an embedded case study design. Seven programme participants were followed for 9-12 months, during which time multiple sources of data were accessed, including programme documents, clinical notes, laboratory results and stakeholder interviews. Client outcomes were measured in terms of physiological measures, knowledge acquisition, diabetes management and lifestyle behaviour. Some participants demonstrated improved diabetes management and lifestyle behaviour while actively engaged with the programme, but efforts tended to lapse once support was reduced. This highlighted the importance of optimising the level of long-term self-management support for clients with diabetes. High levels of co-morbidity were common and tended to complicate management. The Transtheoretical Model of Change, Chronic Care Model and Systems Theory shaped the evaluation. The study makes four important contributions to knowledge in this area: 1) it confirms the importance of Maori values and processes in "by Maori for Maori" services as they help to keep clients engaged, 2) it describes how small Maori health providers meet the needs of the local community, and 3) it identifies the value of the Maori Diabetes Nurse Educator (MDNE) role in primary health care. Thus it serves as an affirmation of the importance of the Maori Health Strategy and Maori self-determination in organising and delivering health care for Maori clients. The fourth valuable contribution is the insight gained into the dynamics of Pakeha researchers working in partnership with Maori organisations.</p>
Factores psicopedagógicos que impactan la enseñanza aprendizaje del idioma inglés en docentes y alumnos de educación secundaria durante la pandemia
Authors: Pérez Hernández María de Jesús , Zamora Moreno Rocío de la Paz 
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación se empezó antes de la pandemia. Su objetivo: abordar las dimensiones que se han contemplado para poder identificar los factores que están impidiendo que los alumnos de secundaria tengan un aprendizaje real en el inglés, del mismo modo, en estos momentos en la que nos encontramos en confinamiento, el propósito es conocer los factores psicopedagógicos que impactan la enseñanza-aprendizaje del idioma inglés en docentes y alumnos de educación secundaria durante la pandemia. La falta de socialización, conectividad, uso de recursos y plataformas digitales ayudaron muy poco a los alumnos para aprender inglés.
La investigación fue de tipo cuantitativa, el tamaño de la muestra fue no probabilística. Se aplicó en educación básica en el nivel de secundarias en dos zonas escolares de la Región Sur de Saltillo, Coahuila. Entre los resultados se encontró que el 35% de los maestros necesitan adquirir otro equipo. El 96% se siente poco motivados al reconocer que la falta de interacción social ha afectado el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje del idioma inglés.
La propuesta de utilizar herramientas digitales en la enseñanza de una segunda lengua, es ahora imprescindible, por lo que, a pesar de las modificaciones que se requieran para seguir con la investigación, es mandatorio generar un cambio en el sistema educativo para poder proporcionarle a los alumnos las herramientas necesarias para que logren alcanzar los objetivos de un conocimiento más significativo.
Parent Voices: Suggestions for Remote Learning during COVID Pandemic and Beyond
Authors: Logan Nikki , Ogurlu Uzeyir , Garbe Amber , Cook Perry 
Published: November 2021

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the ways in which teachers educated students drastically changed beginning in early 2020. Educators were challenged to provide synchronous classes, asynchronous instruction, and also teach students without the use of the internet. Limited research investigating parents’ experiences and suggestions for remote learning has been conducted, yet they are a significant partner in providing remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to gain insight from parents by asking the question: How would you like educators to support you with teaching your kids at home during COVID-19 school closures? Results from 122 online survey showed that educators could adapt how they provide assignments/tasks regarding differentiation, instructions, and modality; make additional considerations for how families, students, and teachers communicate and access materials; and indicated a variety of reactions to remote learning such as satisfaction, teacher mindsets of understanding and flexibility, and the format of school during COVID-19. Recommendations stemming from the data have the ability to impact future remote learning related to COVID-19 or additional school closures as a result of weather and professional development.
De novo hemorrhagic sporadic cavernous malformation appearance after COVID-19 respiratory infection: illustrative case
Authors: Holmes Carmen R. , Lanzino Giuseppe , Flemming Kelly D. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
Little is known about whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) influences cavernous malformation (CM) formation or hemorrhage risk.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors present the case of a 31-year-old patient who developed a hemorrhagic, de novo CM in the setting of a developmental venous anomaly within 3 months of COVID-19 respiratory disease. The authors speculate that COVID-19 disease stimulated formation of the CM through TLR4 inflammatory pathways and subsequently led to the hemorrhagic presentation because of hypercoagulability related to the disease.

LESSONS
This case raises the possibility that COVID-19 may be a risk factor for de novo development of CMs in predisposed patients.
STUDI MANAJEMAN RISIKO PADA BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA (BSI)
Authors: Ahmad Suhaimi, M.A  
Published: November 2021

ABTSRAKRisiko dalam konteks perbankan merupakan suatu kejadian potensial, baik yang dapat di perkirakan maupun yang tidak dapat diperkirakan dan berdampak negatif terhadap pendapatan dan permodalan bank. Risiko-risiko tersebut tidak dapat dihindari, tetapi dapat dikelola dan dikendalikan. Oleh karena itu sebagaimana lembaga perbankan pada umumnya. Dalam menghadapi potensi risiko, maka Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) harus menerapkan manajemen risiko yang tepat.
Penerapan manajemen risiko pada Bank Syariah Indonesia setidaknya memuat: Penerapan manajemen risiko secara umum; Penerapan manajemen risiko untuk masing-masing risiko, mencakup 8 risiko, yaitu risiko kredit, risiko pasar, risiko likuiditas, risiko operasional, risiko hukum, risiko strategis, risiko kepatuhan, dan risiko reputasi. Penilaian profil risiko. Kualitas penerapan manajemen risiko meliputi: Tata kelola risiko Kerangka manajemen risiko Kecukupan proses manajemen risiko dan Sistem pengendalian internal yang menyeluruh.
Protocol for an Effectiveness-Implementation Hybrid Trial to Evaluate Scale up of an Evidence-Based Intervention Addressing Lifestyle Behaviours From the Start of Life: INFANT
Authors: Laws Rachel , Love Penelope , Hesketh Kylie D. , Koorts Harriet , Denney-Wilson Elizabeth , Moodie Marj , Brown Vicki , Ong Kok-Leong , Browne Jennifer , Marshall Sarah , Lioret Sandrine , Orellana Liliana , Campbell Karen J. 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionPromoting healthy eating and active play in early life is critical, however few interventions have been delivered or sustained at scale. The evaluation of interventions at scale is a crucial, yet under-researched aspect of modifying population-level health behaviours. INFANT is an evidence-based early childhood healthy lifestyle intervention that aims to improve parents’ knowledge and skills around promoting optimal energy balance-related behaviours that, in turn, influence children’s diet, activity and adiposity. It consists of: 1) Four group sessions delivered via first time parent groups across the first 12 months of life; 2) access to the My Baby Now app from birth to 18 months of age. This research aims to assess real-world implementation, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of INFANT when delivered at scale across Victoria, Australia.Methods and AnalysisA hybrid type II implementation-effectiveness trial applying a mixed methods design will be conducted. INFANT will be implemented in collaboration with practice and policy partners including maternal and child health services, population health and Aboriginal health, targeting all local government areas (n=79) in Victoria, Australia. Evaluation is based on criteria from the ‘Outcomes for Implementation Research’ and ‘RE-AIM’ frameworks. Implementation outcomes will be assessed using descriptive quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with those involved in implementation, and include intervention reach, organisational acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, cost, feasibility, penetration and sustainability. Process measures include organizational readiness, fidelity, and adaptation. Effectiveness outcomes will be assessed using a sample of INFANT participants and a non-randomized comparison group receiving usual care (1,500 infants in each group), recruited within the same communities. Eligible participants will be first time primary caregivers of an infant aged 0-3 months, owning a personal mobile phone and able to communicate in English. Effectiveness outcomes include infant lifestyle behaviours and BMIz at 12 and 18 months of age.ImpactThis is the first known study to evaluate the scale up of an evidence based early childhood obesity prevention intervention under real world conditions. This study has the potential to provide generalisable implementation, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness evidence to inform the future scale up of public health interventions both in Australia and internationally.Clinical Trial RegistrationAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry https://www.anzctr.org.au/, identifier ACTRN12620000670976.
A Systematic Approach for Semiconductor Half-Heusler
Authors: Lim Wei Yang Samuel , Zhang Danwei , Duran Solco Samantha Faye , Tan Xian Yi , Tan Chee Kiang Ivan , Xu Jianwei , Suwardi Ady 
Published: November 2021

The key to designing a half-Heusler begins from the understanding of atomic interactions within the compound. However, this pool of knowledge in half-Heusler compounds is briefly segregated in many papers for specific explanations. The nature of the chemical bonding has been systematically explored for the large transition-metal branch of the half-Heusler family using density-of-states, charge-density, charge transfer, electron-localization-function, and crystal-orbital-Hamilton-population plots. This review aims to simplify the study of a conventional 18-electron configuration half-Heusler by applying rules proposed by renowned scientists to explain concepts such as Zintl-Klemm, hybridization, and valence electron content (VEC). Atomic and molecular orbital diagrams illustrate the electron orbital transitions and provide clarity to the semiconducting behavior (VEC = 18) of half-Heusler. Eighteen-electron half-Heusler usually exhibits good thermoelectric properties owing to favorable electronic structures such as narrow bandgap (&lt;1.1 eV), thermal stability, and robust mechanical properties. The insights derived from this review can be used to design high-performance half-Heusler thermoelectrics.
Degradation of Sol-Gel Acrylic Coatings Based on Si and Zr Investigated Using Electrochemical Impedance, Infrared and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopies
Authors: Rodič Peter , Zanna Sandrine , Milošev Ingrid , Marcus Philippe 
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to synthesise and characterise two types of sol-gel acrylic coatings: one based on Si and the other based on Si and Zr. These coatings, which served as a barrier for corrosion protection of aluminium, were synthesised by sol-gel methodology using silicon precursors tetraethyl orthosilicate and organically modified silicon precursor 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, without and with the addition of zirconium(IV) n-propoxide chelated with methacrylic acid. The synthesis process was followed using real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which confirmed the condensation reactions of Si–O–Si and Si–O–Zr networks, depending on the sol type. This was reflected in the composition of the coating as well, as shown by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The coating topography, thickness and morphology were analysed using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was employed to follow the degradation of acrylic coatings upon immersion in sodium chloride solution. Corrosion properties, evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.1 M NaCl, confirmed high barrier protection of coated aluminium with acrylic coatings based on Si and even better for coating based on Si with Zr. The more durable corrosion protection of the latter was also confirmed by salt spray testing.
Genetic Liability to Sedentary Behavior in Relation to Stroke, Its Subtypes and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Yang Fangkun , Chen Songzan , Qu Zihao , Wang Kai , Xie Xiaojie , Cui Hanbin 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To investigate the causal association of domain-specific sedentary behaviors with cerebrovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, and the potential mediators among these associations.Methods: Genetic instruments were identified for television watching, computer use and driving behavior from a genome-wide association study including 408,815 subjects. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to estimate the causal effect of sedentary behaviors on the cerebrovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. Multivariable MR analysis was applied to adjust potential confounding factors, and mediation analysis was conducted to explore potential mediators.Results: Genetically predisposition to 1.5 h/day increase in leisure time watching television was associated with increased risk of all-cause stroke [odds ratio (OR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15–1.52, p-value for MR-Egger method (PEgger) = 0.11, I2 = 37%, Cochrane’s Q = 212, p-value for Cochran Q test (PQ) &lt; 0.001], and ischemic stroke (OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.10–1.49, PEgger = 0.04, I2 = 35%, Cochrane’s Q = 206, PQ = 0.002). Interestingly, television watching may decrease the risk of Parkinson’s disease (OR = 0.65, 95%CI = 0.50–0.84, PEgger = 0.47, I2 = 19%, Cochrane’s Q = 157, PQ = 0.04). Television watching was a detrimental factor of cognitive performance (estimate = −0.46, 95%CI = −0.55 – −0.37, PEgger = 0.001, I2 = 85%, Cochrane’s Q = 862, PQ &lt; 0.001). Sensitivity analyses using leave out method and MR-PRESSO method suggested weak evidence of pleiotropy.Conclusion: We provided genetic evidence for the causal association of television watching with increased risk of all-cause stroke and ischemic stroke, decreased risk of Parkinson’s disease, and worse cognitive performance. The results should be interpreted with caution considering the pleiotropy.