bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Galam (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow) Extract against E. coli bacteria and C. albicans fungi
Authors: Isnaini Isnaini , Biworo Agung , Khatimah Husnul , Gufron Khusnan Mustofa , Puteri Shafa Rahmani 
Published: August 2021

Galam (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow) is a peat swamp forest plant. This plant is used to treat respiratory diseases, colitis, sore throat, itchy skin, diarrhea, and dizziness. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow flowers and fruit against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans bacteria. This research is a pretest-posttest research with control group design and consists of 3 stages of research. The first stage is the phytochemical screening test, the second stage determines the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the third determines the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results showed that the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow flowers and fruit contained terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, quinones, steroids, tannins, while alkaloid compounds only found in the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow fruit. The MIC and MBC values ​​of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow flower methanol extract against E. coli were 1.67 and 2.083 mg/mL, respectively, while the MIC and MBC values ​​of the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow flower against C. albicans were 3.125 and 25 mg/mL. The MIC and MBC values ​​of the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow fruit against E. coli have same value were 3.334 mg/mL, while the MIC and MBC values ​​of the methanol extract of M. cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana (Turcz.) Barlow fruit against C. albicans were 3.125 and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively.
Keywords: Galam antibacterial, antifungal, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans
Jovens cegos tateando os seus projetos de vida um estudo sobre suas representações
Authors: Nascimento Ivany Pinto , Nascimento Lourival 
Published: August 2021

O artigo objetiva apresentar os resultados parciais do estudo desenvolvido no período de 2017 a 2018, com os seguintes questionamentos: como os jovens com cegueira que moram na Amazônia paraense, região Norte do País, compartilham conhecimentos sobre seus Projetos de Vida e qual a importância que atribuem à escola para a realização desses projetos? Trata de uma pesquisa de abordagem processual, do campo teórico e metodológico das Representações Sociais. O instrumento utilizado foi a entrevista com roteiro preestabelecido em forma de temáticas sobre o projeto de vida. Os sujeitos entrevistados foram 10 jovens cegos estudantes, distribuídos igualmente entre jovens do sexo feminino e jovens do sexo masculino na faixa etária entre 15 a 29 anos, vinculados a Unidade Técnica Educacional Especializada José Álvares de Azevedo (UTES JAA). A Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (1997) foi utilizada para identificar o pensamento consensual de jovens cegos sobre seus projetos de vida. Os resultados parciais apontam o seguinte: que as representações sociais refletem as imagens e os significados sobre o projeto de vida que transitam entre Educação, Trabalho; que a escola, sem ressignificar a racionalidade com a qual materializa o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, passa a representar um obstáculo tanto na inclusão escolar quanto na realização de seus projetos de vida.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ONSET OF SEVERE PREECLAMPSIA AND PERINATAL COMPLICATIONS AT RUMKITAL Dr. RAMELAN IN SURABAYA
Authors: Retno Widya , Wittiarika Ivon Diah , Akbar Muhammad Aldika 
Published: August 2021

Abstract Background: Preeclampsia is one of the biggest causes of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. Based on the prognosis, the classification of Preeclampsia is early onset (<34 weeks) and late onset (> 34 weeks). Purpose: to investigate the relationship between the onset of severe Preeclampsia and perinatal complications. Method: This research is a quantitative study with a retrospective observational analytic study type and collected medical record data. The study population was severe Preeclampsia patients who gave birth at RUMKITAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya for the period January 2018 - June 2020 and has no previous history of chronic hypertension. The research sample was 79 subjects with 44 subjects early onset, and 35 subjects late onset. Perinatal complications examined are preterm delivery, asphyxia, LBW, IUGR, stillbirth. The chi-square test or Fisher’s Exact Test was used to analyze relationships. Result: From the results of the study, the comparison of the percentage from early onset and late onset that experienced complications was 93.2% vs 48.6%, p-value = 0.000, OR = 14.5, CI = 3,764–55,635. At preterm delivery, it was found that 75% vs 28.6%, p-value = 0.000, OR = 7.5, CI = 2,754-20,422. . In asphyxia, it was found 41.7% vs 31.4%, p-value = 0.46. At LBW, it was found 72.7% vs 17.1%, p-value = 0,000, OR = 12.9, CI = 4,285-38,771. In IUGR, it was found that 15.9% vs 2.9%, p-value = 0.000. In stillbirth, it was found 18.2% vs 0% and p-value = 0.008. Conclusion: the onset of severe Preeclampsia is related with perinatal complications. Complications associated with the onset severe Preeclampsia are preterm, LBW, stillbirth. Meanwhile, complications that are not related with the onset severe Preeclampsia are asphyxia and IUGR
Depression, Anxiety, and Alcohol Use Among LGBTQ+ People During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Akré Ellesse-Roselee , Anderson Andrew , Stojanovski Kristefer , Chung Kara W. , VanKim Nicole A. , Chae David H. 
Published: August 2021

Objectives. To describe disparities in depression, anxiety, and problem drinking by sexual orientation, sexual behavior, and gender identity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. Data were collected May 21 to July 15, 2020, from 3245 adults living in 5 major US metropolitan areas (Atlanta, Georgia; Chicago, Illinois; New Orleans, Louisiana; New York, New York; and Los Angeles, California). Participants were characterized as cisgender straight or LGBTQ+ (i.e., lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people, and men who have sex with men, and women who have sex with women not identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender). Results. Cisgender straight participants had the lowest levels of depression, anxiety, and problem drinking compared with all other sexual orientation, sexual behavior, and gender identity groups, and, in general, LGBTQ+ participants were more likely to report that these health problems were “more than usual” during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions. LGBTQ+ communities experienced worse mental health and problem drinking than their cisgender straight counterparts during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research should assess the impact of the pandemic on health inequities. Policymakers should consider resources to support LGBTQ+ mental health and substance use prevention in COVID-19 recovery efforts.
Effect of Musical Hearing On Anxiety, Pain, and Cardiorespiratory Parameters in Cardiac Surgery: Study Protocol of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: de Andrade Érica Vieira , Haas Vanderlei José , de Faria Maíla Fidalgo , Felix Márcia Marques dos Santos , Ferreira Maria Beatriz Guimarães , Barichello Elizabeth , Pires Patricia da Silva , Barbosa Maria Helena 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain are frequent in cardiac surgeries and constitute important stressors for the patient, which can cause several complications. Among the various strategies that aim to alleviate these phenomena is musical hearing as a non-pharmacological intervention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of musical hearing on preoperative state-anxiety, postoperative pain, at rest and cough stimulus, and cardiorespiratory parameters in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Methods

A randomized, parallel, simple masking clinical trial will be conducted with patients 18 years of age or older who have undergone elective cardiac surgery by sternotomy, who accept to participate in the research and sign the consent. Study participants will be randomly divided, in a 1:1 ratio, to one of the two groups, experimental (subjected to music listening for 20 minutes in the pre and postoperative period) or control (standard care in the pre and post -operative), using a randomization scheme generated by the website. The sample size calculation was obtained after conducting a pilot study.
Discussion

The results of the study may contribute to the implementation of non-pharmacological interventions in health services, highlighting the protocols of musical hearing, to minimize anxiety and pain in cardiac surgery.
Trial registration:

ReBEC RBR-8mdyhd. Posted on December 10, 2019, https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-8mdyhd
Computational Analysis and First Principle Study of Electrical and Optical Properties of Fe Doped SWBNNT and its Application
Authors: Thapa Abinash , Chettri Bibek , Sarkar Arghyadeep , Pradhan Prashant Chandra , Sharma Bikash 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The electrical and optical properties of One Dimension-Single Walled Boron Nitride Nanotube (1D-SWBNNT) doped with transition metal Iron are studied using the Quantum ATK. Highest direct bandgap obtained for S1 as 5.3167eV and S3 as 3.5328eV depicted the possibility of its use as a dielectric in the memory device. SWBNNT showed a consistent bandgap for varying lengths of the NT. Bandgap tunability and a moderate increase in the number of states in Density of States (DOS) plots can be achieved by the inclusion of transition metal dopants in pristine SWBNNT. In Projected-DOS (PDOS) plots we observed N and Fe atoms as the majority contributor of electronic states in the valence band and Fe atom as the main contributor in the conduction band. The inclusion of Fe dopant leads to an increase in the wavelength and optical gap. High optical conductivity for S2, S3, and S4 depicts its use as composites in photoconductive devices. The incorporation of Fe dopant led to a rise in susceptibility (χ) where S1 and S2-S4 showed a weak diamagnetic and strong paramagnetic property. BNNTs technologies are still growing, there is a need for further development bringing out its vast applications in the future.
Novel Combination of Bioleaching and Persulfate for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Metallurgical Industry Sludge
Authors: Chen Chen , Li Huidong , Cui Fengjiao , Wang Zhixia , Liu Xinxin , Jiang Gang , Cheng Tianjia , Bai Runying , Song Lei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to remove heavy metals from the metallurgical industry sludge by bioleaching alone and bioleaching combined with persulfate (PDS). The results showed that the removal of Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn reached to 70%, 83.8%, 25.2% and 76.9% by bioleaching alone after 18 d, respectively. The experiment of bioleaching combined with PDS was carried out in which the optimal additive dosage of K2S2O8, 8 g/L, was added to bioleaching after 6 d. After 1 h, the removal of 4 heavy metals reached 75.1, 84.3, 36.7 and 81.6%, respectively. Compared with bioleaching alone, although the increase in removal efficiency was not obvious, the treatment cycle was distinctly shortened from 18 d to 6 d + 1 h. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the surface morphology of the sludge was changed significantly by the combined treatment. The content of heavy metals was significantly reduced after bioleaching combined with PDS by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The treated sludge mainly existed in a stable form, and the bioavailability was reduced with European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) morphology analysis. Therefore, this study proved that the combination of bioleaching and PDS was an efficient method to remove heavy metals from metallurgical industry sludge.
Characterization of the Endophyte Mycobiome in Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata) Using Illumina Sequencing
Authors: Kinge Tonjock R. , Ghosh S. , Cason Errol , Gryzenhout Marieka 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cowpea is an important crop for small-scale farmers in poor areas, but is also being developed for commercial agriculture as a possible substitute for commercial legumes. Endophytic fungi are omnipresent and play crucial but diverse roles in plants. This study characterized the endophyte component of the cowpea mycobiome from leaves, main and crown stems, and roots using Illumina MiSeq of the ITS2 region of the ribosomal operon. Ascomycetes exhibited the highest diversity, with Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) assigned as Macrophomina, Cladosporium, Phoma, Fusarium and Cryptococcus, among the most dominant genera. The highest fungal species richness was found in roots followed by leaves. Certain MOTUS showed preferential colonization patterns for above or below ground tissues. Several MOTU generic groups known to include phytopathogenic species were found, with relative abundances ranging from high to very low. Phylogenetic analyses of reads for some MOTUs showed that a level of identification could be obtained to species level, while the absences of other species, including phytopathogens, could be shown. This is the first study that adopted a holistic metagenomic typing approach to study the fungal endophytes of cowpea, a crop that is so integral for low-income households of the world.
Timely Initiation of Complementary Feeding and Associated Factors Among Children aged 6-23 Months in Negelle Arsi District, Southern Ethiopia, 2019: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kebeto Hajo Denko , Abdeta Gizachew , Tejineh Solomon , Edaso AmanUrgessa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The period of transition from exclusive breastfeeding to family foods, referred to as complementary feeding, covers a child from 6-23 months of age. According to World Health Organization 2015; untimely initiation of complementary feeding has negative effect on child health, growth and development and an important cause of under nutrition in children less than 5 years of age which is an underlying cause of more than 40% of morbidity and mortality. Objective: To assess the Timely Initiation of Complementary Feeding practice and Associated factors among children aged 6-23 Months in Nagelle Arsi District, Southern Ethiopia, 2019.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out. Systematic random sampling method was used to select 400 study participants. Data was collected using structured questionnaire using face to face interview. The collected data was coded, entered in to Epi-Info version 7 and then exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis.Descriptive statistics, binary and multiple logistic regressions were used for data analysis at 95% confidence intervals. A p-value <0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Results: Out of 398 study participants, the proportion of timely initiated complementary feeding was 296 (74.4%) at 95%CI: (70.14, 78.66). In this study Postnatal care follow up [AOR=2.484; 95% CI: (1.478, 4.176)], ANC follow up [AOR=2.221; 95% CI: (1.276, 3.876)] and maternal counseling about timely initiation of complementary feeding at delivery place were positively associated with timely initiation of complementary feeding practice [AOR=2.362; 95% CI: (1.399, 3.986)].Conclusion and recommendation: In this study, three-fourth (74.4%) of children were initiated complementary food at six months of age which was lower than the WHO cut-off point of >80%. ANC follow up, having postnatal care visits and being counseled about timely initiation of complementary feeding at place of delivery were significantly associated with timely initiation of complementary feeding. Therefore promoting ANC follow up, postnatal care visits and counseling about timely initiation of complementary feeding at delivery place were recommended to the concerned bodies to improve the coverage of timely initiation of complementary feeding practice.
Prevalence of Overweight/Obesity and Associated Factors Among Under-Five Children in Ethiopia: Evidence From the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (Emdhs); A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Gebremichael Mathewos Alemu , Mengesha Melkamu Merid , Hailegebrea’l Samuel , Abdulkadir Hanan , Wolde Biruk Bogale 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are emerging public health challenges of the 21st century. There was a 24% increase in the number of overweight children under the age of five years in low-income countries. Despite the significant risk of childhood overweight/obesity for non-communicable diseases, premature death, disability, and reproductive disorders in their adult life, little attention has been given. Therefore, we aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity and associated factors among under-five children. Methods: This study was conducted using data from a nationally representative sample of the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS). The Mini EDHS was a community-based cross-sectional study that covered all the administrative regions of Ethiopia. The data collection was conducted between March 21, 2019, to June 28, 2019. Both descriptive and analytic findings were produced using STATA version 14. For associated factors, a multilevel binary logistic regression model was fitted to account for the hierarchical nature of the data. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported to show the strength of association and statistical significance. Results: A total 5,164 under-five children were included in this study. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 2.14 % (95% CI; 1.74-2.53) (more than two standard deviations (+2SD) above the median of the reference population) based on the body mass index (BMI) Z-score. The odds of overweight/obesity was higher among children aged less than 6 months (aOR= 5.19; 95%CI: 2.98-9.04), 6-24 months (aOR = 1.97; 95%CI: 1.18-3.29), delivered by caesarean section (aOR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.84-3.65), living in Addis Ababa city (aOR = 2.16; 95%CI: 1.59-7.81), Oromia region (aOR = 1.93; 95CI: 1.71-5.24), having mothers with the age 40-49 years (aOR = 3.91; 95%CI: 1.90-16.92), uses traditional contraceptive methods (aOR = 2.63; 95%CI: 1.66-10.47), and households headed by male (aOR = 1.71; 95%CI: 1.84-3.48). Conclusion: This study showed that childhood overweight/obesity is the problem in Ethiopia. There was an interplay of several factors that affect childhood obesity including child factors, maternal socio-demography, and healthcare utilization, and geography of residence. Therefore, strategies to reduce childhood overweight and obesity should consider a multitude of contributing factors.
Saikosaponin-d Alleviates Hepatic Fibrosis Through Regulating GPER1/autophagy Signaling
Authors: Chen Yirong , Que Renye , Zhang Na , Lin Liubing , Zhou Mengen , Li Yong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is the final pathway of chronic liver disease characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), which eventually develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Emerging studies demonstrated that Saikosaponin-d (SSd) exhibits a protective role in liver fibrosis. The current study mainly explored the mechanism underlying anti-liver fibrosis of SSd in vivo and in vitro. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were used for creating liver fibrosis model in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The role of SSd in regulating liver fibrosis was assessed through Sirius red and Masson staining, and IHC assay. We found that SSd attenuated remarkably CCl4-induced liver fibrosis as evidenced by decreased collagen level, and decreased expression of fibrotic markers Col 1 and α-SMA. Meanwhile, SSd repressed autophagy activation as suggested by decreased BECN1 expression and increased p62 expression. Compared with HSCs from CCl4-treated group, the primary HSCs from SSd-treated mice exhibited a marked inactivation of autophagy. Mechanistically, SSd treatment enhanced the expression of GPER1 in primary HSCs and in TGF-β-treated LX-2 cells. GPER1 agonist G1 repressed autophagy activation, whereas GPER1 antagonist G15 activated autophagy and G15 also damaged the function of SSd on suppressing autophagy, leading to subsequent increased levels of fibrotic marker level in LX-2 cells. Collectively, our findings highlight that SSd alleviates hepatic fibrosis by regulating GPER1/autophagy pathway.
A theory of viscoelastic crack growth-Revisited (Revised)
Authors: Schapery Richard A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A theory of viscoelastic crack growth developed nearly five decades ago is generalized to allow traction in the so-called failure zone that is a function of the crack opening displacement (COD). In earlier work, except for a minor exception, traction was specified. The current model leads to a nonlinear double integral that has to be solved for the COD before crack growth can be predicted. First, a closed-form, accurate approximation is found for a linear elastic body. We then show that this COD may be easily and accurately extended to linear viscoelasticity using a realistic, broad spectrum creep compliance. An analytical relationship between stress intensity factor and crack speed then follows. Consistent with earlier work, it is defined almost entirely by creep compliance. Five different failure zone tractions are employed; their differences are shown to have little effect on the crack growth other than through a speed shift factor. The Appendix discusses initiation of growth.
Characterization and Outcomes in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection According to Body Mass Index, Fundación Valle Del Lili, Cali, Colombia 2020-2021
Authors: Feriz Karen Milena , Martínez Veline , Guzman Guillermo Edinson 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 has undergone an accelerated expansion and was declared a pandemic in 2020. It has been responsible of millions of deaths around the world. Several factors related to severity and mortality have been described, including obesity(1,2). In United States and in Latin America, obesity has grown rapidly (3). In Colombia, 56% of the population is overweight/obese. However, in the region, association studies of SARS-CoV-2 and obesity are scarce. We sought to investigate the characterization and outcomes of patients according to body mass index in a highly complex center in Colombia.Material and Methods: The study was a prospective longitudinal observational descriptive study in patients older than 18 years treated at the Fundación Valle del Lili University Hospital in Cali, Colombia in 2020-2021, with a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, clinical presentation, paraclinical characteristics and outcomes were described. Results: The average age was 48 years, 53% were men, and 66.5% were overweight or obese. Dyspnea (p = 0.003) was the most representative symptom in overweight/obesity. The severity of the disease (p = 0.02), days of stay in the ICU (p = 0.045), overall stay (p = 0.0037), and mechanical ventilation (p = 0) had relationships directly proportional to the increase in BMI (p = 0.022). Obese patients had a higher frequency of sepsis (P 0.003), need for vasopressor (P = 0.001), infectious complications (P = 0.011) and myocarditis (P = 0.03). There was no relationship with thrombotic complications.Conclusion. Overweight and obese patients have more severe symptoms of SARS-CoV-2, infectious complications, and requirements for invasive mechanical ventilation, general hospitalization and ICU stay than the normal weight population.