bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Workplace fun and informal learning: the mediating role of motivation to learn, learning opportunities and management support
Authors: Taheri Morteza , Motealleh Sharareh , Younesi Jalil 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Past research shows that workplace fun has a positive effect on informal learning, however, the role of individual and organizational mediating variables in this relation has not been studied much. This study aims to examine the role of management support, motivation to learn and learning opportunity in the relationship between workplace fun and informal learning.

Design/methodology/approach
In this multivariate correlation study, data were collected through questionnaires. In total, 200 employees of the petrochemical industry participated. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.

Findings
The main finding suggests that motivation to learn contributes to informal learning. Fun in the workplace has a positive and significant indirect effect on informal learning by providing a variety of opportunities to learn; the management support in the final model also mediates the relationship between workplace fun and opportunities to learn.

Practical implications
The results indicate the benefits of creating and maintaining fun in the workplace to improve informal learning. The authors will be better able to advise by providing abundant resources for formal training such as time, learning climate and financial resources, workplace fun can be used as a practical strategy to promote informal learning where the workplace is fun, innovation, creativity and performance improvement occur. Managers should make arrangements to spontaneously motivate employees to learn informally and provide fun and varied opportunities for informal learning.

Originality/value
In this study, the multiple correlations and the effect of motivation variables, learning opportunity and management support in the relationship between workplace fun and informal learning were studied. Examining how these relationships are and identifying the moderator of this relationship because of individual and environmental differences requires further studies.
Sustainability reporting and approaches to materiality: tensions and potential resolutions
Authors: Jørgensen Sveinung , Mjøs Aksel , Pedersen Lars Jacob Tynes 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The concept of materiality is becoming increasingly important for sustainability performance measurement and reporting. It is widely agreed upon that materiality matters, in the sense that companies should identify, prioritize and disclose information on sustainability issues that are considered material. There is, however, a tension at the heart of this consensus, owing to parallel approaches to materiality being used in practice. This paper aims to shed light on how and why the parallel uses of the materiality concept may cause confusion and how this tension could be resolved.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper takes as point of departure the tension between two approaches to materiality: based on the Global Reporting Initiative definition, which emphasizes sustainability issues that are important to stakeholders and that have significant impacts and based on the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board definition, which emphasizes sustainability issues that are financially material, i.e. likely to influence the financial performance of the company. This paper discusses the nature and consequences of the tensions between how the two definitions of materiality in sustainability reporting are used in practice, with a particular emphasis on users of information in financial markets. This paper provides empirical insight on these users’ perspectives through a survey (n = 30) and qualitative interviews (n = 6) of financial market professionals.

Findings
This study reveals tensions between different approaches to materiality in practice and how this may lead users of sustainability reports to draw unjustified conclusions on the basis of materiality assessments. Specifically, this paper demonstrates the perceived shortcomings in information availability and information quality from the perspectives of different stakeholders in financial markets with different information needs.

Practical implications
The users of sustainability reporting information require clarity in the communication of materiality in non-financial reports. This paper addresses how such clarity can be pursued.

Social implications
Clarity about materiality in non-financial reporting is important both for investors that pursue financial return on green investments and for society at large, which relies on information about real sustainability impacts.

Originality/value
This paper furthers the understanding of how different materiality concepts may be problematic and how recent and ongoing developments may mitigate the risks of conflating uses of the concept.
Dismantling the scaffolding of institutional racism and institutionalising anti‐racism
Authors: Patel Nimisha 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses the challenge to organisations seeking to address institutional racism. It is argued that racism is systemic in its historical roots, anchored in racialising discourses, bolstered and fused by the ideology of Whiteness. It describes an approach to organisational consultancy, where the consultant can facilitate change in organisations by adopting an anti‐racism stance and approach which disrupts Whiteness and engages the organisation in anti‐racism praxis, towards dismantling institutionalised racism. Ways in which this process can be facilitated are outlined, as part of the change process towards institutionalising anti‐racism praxis.
Practitioner pointsWhat is already known about this topic

Racism is historically scaffolded by Whiteness, and it is institutionalised in every aspect of organisations, including in policies, structures and practices.

Whiteness is reproduced, including in the theories, models and practices of systemic psychotherapy, our training institutions and services.

Scrutinising and disrupting Whiteness in systems in which we work, and in organisations we consult to, is essential to anti‐racism praxis.
A Playbook for Implementing Medicaid Expansion: Louisiana's Experience
Authors: BOLES WILL , KENNEDY RUTH , SIEWERT EMMA , ROWLAND DIANE , LYONS BARBARA , GEE REBEKAH E. 
Published: October 2021

Policy Points
Twelve states have yet to expand Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Louisiana offers a model of steps that states and counties can take to rapidly enroll eligible persons while balancing eligibility integrity and doing so within a limited administrative budget.
In a post‐COVID‐19 health care landscape, Medicaid expansion can improve and protect population health and boost state economies, even amid budget shortfalls.
Even though Louisiana compares well with other states in eligibility and enrollment efforts, future expansions may integrate other social support programs into their implementation strategies.
The impact of headstarting on the survival and naiveté of an endangered terrestrial mammal after return to the wild
Authors: Ross A. K. , Lawes J. C. , Letnic M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractComplete separation of endangered prey from introduced predators improves prey survival at the cost of reduced predator recognition and antipredator behaviours, termed ‘prey naiveté’. Headstarting is a conservation strategy that has been used to improve the survival of juveniles for numerous species, whereby prey is separated from predators only in their vulnerable early life stage before release to the wild. However, by isolating prey from predators headstarting could compromise prey individuals’ antipredator behaviour. Here, we evaluate the effects that headstarting has on the survival, dispersal, body condition and flight initiation distance (FID) of a terrestrial mammal, the bridled nailtail wallaby Onychogalea fraenata. Young bridled nailtail wallabies were isolated from predators in a 9.2 ha predator‐free fenced exclosure and were released into the wild once their body mass exceeded 3 kg. There was no difference in dispersal, body condition or survival of headstarted wallabies compared to wild‐raised wallabies. FID of headstarted wallabies assessed using night‐vision goggles was lower than wild‐raised wallabies in the week following release, but converged with that of wild‐raised wallabies within 4 weeks post‐release. Our results show that headstarting can be an effective conservation strategy for terrestrial mammals whose early life stages are vulnerable to introduced predators.
Dose–response relationships of accelerometer‐measured sedentary behaviour and physical activity with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Tsunoda Kenji , Kitano Naruki , Kai Yuko , Jindo Takashi , Uchida Ken , Arao Takashi 
Published: October 2021

SummaryBackgroundAlthough a few studies have confirmed the association of accelerometer‐measured sedentary behaviour (SB) and physical activity (PA) with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), PA intensity and co‐dependent daily time‐use of movement behaviours are yet to be studied.AimsTo cross‐sectionally examine the dose–response relationship between accelerometer‐measured SB or PA and NAFLD using cubic spline analysis and the interdependence of movement behaviours over 24 hours with compositional data analysis.MethodsData were obtained between May 2017 and February 2020 from 1914 people who were not heavy alcohol drinkers using health check‐ups at the Meiji Yasuda Shinjuku Medical Center, Tokyo. SB, light‐intensity PA (LPA) and moderate‐ to vigorous‐intensity PA (MVPA) were evaluated using a triaxial accelerometer. Fatty liver was diagnosed by ultrasonography.ResultsA multivariable‐adjusted logistic model showed an inverse association between MVPA and NAFLD (odds ratio [OR] per 600 metabolic equivalents [MET]‐min/week = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.76‐0.96). MVPA showed rapidly decreasing odds of NAFLD to approximately 1800 MET‐min/week in cubic spline analysis and then a moderate decline. Although SB was significantly associated with NAFLD in a body mass index (BMI)‐unadjusted model, it was not significant in a BMI‐adjusted model. In the compositional isotemporal substitution, reallocating 60 min/day of SB to MVPA decreased the odds of NAFLD by 22% (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65‐0.93), whereas reallocating 60 min/day of MVPA to SB increased it by 69% (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.12‐2.38).ConclusionsThe inverse dose–response association between MVPA and NAFLD confirms increased MVPA as a target for the prevention of NAFLD.
Welcoming new life under lockdown: Exploring the experiences of first‐time mothers who gave birth during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Gray Anna , Barnett Julie 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore how first‐time mothers in the UK experienced new parenthood during the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic.DesignThis study used a cross‐sectional exploratory, qualitative interview design.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with ten first‐time mothers who had given birth since COVID‐19 was declared as a pandemic. Verbatim transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultExperiences of new, first‐time mothers during the COVID‐19 pandemic were organized around two themes. First, new mothers felt an overwhelming sense of responsibility for their baby which was heightened by the pandemic. The challenge of meeting this responsibility was heightened in the context of societal expectations to do the ‘right’ thing and uncertainty and distrust around official guidance about COVID‐19. Secondly, the expected transition into motherhood was altered by the pandemic. Disruption to the birthing experience, an inability to connect with close friends and family, and limited healthcare support was perceived to be detrimental. However, altered social expectations and the increased presence of the partner were perceived as positives.ConclusionMany of the common challenges experienced by new, first‐time mothers have been amplified by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Public policy and scientific research must target this group in order to protect this population from the negative impact of the remaining COVID‐19 pandemic and any future pandemics.
Risk stratification of indeterminate thyroid nodules using ultrasound and machine learning algorithms
Authors: Gild Matti Lauren , Chan Mico , Gajera Jay , Lurie Brett , Gandomkar Ziba , Clifton‐Bligh Roderick J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundIndeterminate thyroid nodules (Bethesda III) are challenging to characterize without diagnostic surgery. Auxiliary strategies including molecular analysis, machine learning models, and ultrasound grading with Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI‐RADS) can help to triage accordingly, but further refinement is needed to prevent unnecessary surgeries and increase positive predictive values.DesignRetrospective review of 88 patients with Bethesda III nodules who had diagnostic surgery with final pathological diagnosis.MeasurementsEach nodule was retrospectively scored through TI‐RADS. Two deep learning models were tested, one previously developed and trained on another data set, mainly containing determinate cases and then validated on our data set while the other one trained and tested on our data set (indeterminate cases).ResultsThe mean TI‐RADS score was 3 for benign and 4 for malignant nodules (p = .0022). Radiological high risk (TI‐RADS 4,5) and low risk (TI‐RADS 2,3) categories were established. The PPV for the high radiological risk category in those with >10 mm nodules was 85% (CI: 70%–93%). The NPV for low radiological risk in patients >60 years (mean age was 100% (CI: 83%–100%). The area under the curve (AUC) value of our novel classifier was 0.75 (CI: 0.62–0.84) and differed significantly from the chance‐level (p < .00001).ConclusionsNovel radiomic and radiologic strategies can be employed to assist with preoperative diagnosis of indeterminate thyroid nodules.
A novel equilibrium optimizer based on levy flight and iterative cosine operator for engineering optimization problems
Authors: Minocha Sachin , Singh Birmohan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEquilibrium optimizer (EO) is a novel optimization algorithm with high exploration and exploitation capabilities. The capabilities of EO are impacted by the generation rate, exponential term, and equilibrium pool, wherein the initial two depend on the turnover rate. The performance of the EO on different optimization functions can be improved by updating these factors. This paper designs a modified equilibrium optimizer (MEO) by incorporating three changes in the EO: (i) replacement of the equilibrium pool with an iterative cosine operator (ICO) that gradually reduces diversification to intensification as the iterations progress; (ii) implementation of levy flight to update the concentration of particle that improves exploration capabilities; and (iii) the random vector with uniform distribution of turnover rate is replaced by heavy‐tailed non‐uniform levy distribution to improve exploration capability of the algorithm. Here, the other parameters on which MEO depends are selected by performing the sensitivity analysis. The capabilities of MEO have been analysed by comparing it with 19 algorithms, including the EO algorithm, 12 state‐of‐art algorithms, and 6 hybrid/improved algorithms on 62 functions, that is, 23 benchmark functions, 10 CEC‐06‐2019, 29 CEC‐2017 functions. The non‐parametric Friedman test and Kruskal–Wallis test validate that MEO outperforms the other algorithms due to its balanced exploration and exploitation abilities. MEO robustness has been validated by the diversity analysis along with the scalability test. MEO is also evaluated on five practical engineering problems to showcase its significance.
Parasite load of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in the Baltic Sea assessed by the liver category method, and associations with infection density and critical condition
Authors: Ryberg Marie Plambech , Huwer Bastian , Nielsen Anders , Dierking Jan , Buchmann Kurt , Sokolova Maria , Krumme Uwe , Behrens Jane W. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDuring the 2010s, Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. in the eastern Baltic Sea experienced increasing infection loads of the parasitic nematode Contracaecum osculatum (Rudolphi) in their livers. Starting in 2021, a mandatory part of the routine sampling protocol on Baltic monitoring surveys is to assign a liver category to individual cod livers, based on the number of nematodes visible on the liver surface, to follow spatiotemporal changes in nematode infection loads. The validity of the liver category method has never been evaluated. Based on data from 642 cod livers, the method was verified and found to be a good predictor of the total number of nematodes. Moreover, the probability of cod being in a critical condition increased with the parasite load. In addition to their direct applicability to Baltic cod, the present findings may inspire others working with disease in fish stocks to include parasite monitoring.
In vitro inhibition of a multispecies oral cavity biofilm by Syzygium aromaticum essential oil
Authors: Guimarães Silva Vasconcelos Priscilla , Medeiros de Almeida Maia Carolina , Mendes de Vasconcelos Victor , Paolla Raimundo e Silva Joanda , Fechine Tavares Josean , Vieira Pereira Jozinete , Wanderley Cavalcanti Yuri , Maria Melo de Brito Costa Edja 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the anti‐fungal activity of Syzygium aromaticum essential oil and its inhibition of a multispecies biofilm in patients with oral candidiasis.BackgroundInhibiting biofilm formation on the denture surface is an important practice for preventing denture stomatitis.Materials and MethodsThe anti‐fungal activity against Candida albicans and non‐albicans Candida species was evaluated through the microdilution method to define Minimal Inhibitory (MIC) and Fungicidal (MFC) Concentrations. Time‐kill assay assessed growth kinetics of C. albicans based on pre‐determined time points (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours). A multi‐species biofilm was formed using human saliva from patients with oral candidiasis and anti‐biofilm activity determined by Colony Forming Units per milliliter (CFU/mL) count, fluorescence microscopy with calcofluor white to observe yeast presence and structure, and metabolic activity by XTT (2,3‐Bis‐(2Methoxy‐4‐Nitro‐5‐Sulfophenyl)‐2H‐Tetrazolium‐5‐carboxanilide) reduction assay.ResultsThe essential oil showed an anti‐fungal activity against all Candida species (MIC 500‐1000 µg/mL, MFC 1000‐2000 µg/mL), and the time‐kill assay showed that 2000 µg/mL (from 2 hours onward) and 1000 µg/mL (from 4 hours onward) concentrations had substantially lower yeast growth than the negative control. In the biofilm analysis, the essential oil had a lower CFU/mL count and a biofilm metabolic activity (91.4%) than seen with its negative control, and in both analyses, the essential oil was not significantly different from the positive control (chlorhexidine). Morphological analysis showed amorphous and fragmented cellular structures after treatment with the essential oil.ConclusionSyzygium aromaticum essential oil had anti‐fungal activities, reduced the Candida growth kinetics substantially and inhibited the multi‐species biofilm formation.
Diagnostic reasoning is associated with lower physician satisfaction with patient communication
Authors: Schweitzer Daniel R. , Ting Joseph , von Hippel William 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrior research suggests that the quality of communication between doctors and patients influences the quality of medical care and adherence to treatment regimens, but little is known about factors that contribute to successful interactions between doctors and patients.AimTo examine the quality of communication across the different medical specialties.MethodsA survey questionnaire was undertaken at a large metropolitan‐based hospital in Brisbane, Australia. In this initial study we surveyed 67 doctors across various specialties on a range of social cognition and personality measures. We then rated each of the specialties on the degree to which they rely on both procedures and diagnostics, as well as the extent to which they involve patient communication.ResultsA regression analysis using spss 26.0 was undertaken to ascertain if doctor's satisfaction with their communication was related to these three aspects of the various specialties. Results revealed that communication satisfaction was negatively related to the degree to which the specialty relies on diagnostics. No relationship emerged between reliance on procedures and communication satisfaction. Last, communication frequency was positively related to communication satisfaction.ConclusionsWe propose two possible accounts for this finding regarding diagnostics: (i) the cognitive demands of diagnosis disrupt communication; and/or (ii) diagnoses are interpreted by patients as opinions with which they are sometimes motivated to disagree. Further research is needed to replicate these findings and establish the underlying mechanism.
Integrating Chinese and western medicine for COVID‐19: A living evidence‐based guideline (version 1)
Authors: Ge Long , Zhu Hongfei , Wang Qi , Li Mengting , Cai Jianxiong , Chen Yang , Chen Yaolong , Ding Banghan , Fang Bangjiang , Fei Yutong , Feng Jihong , Guo Xinfeng , Jiang Rongmeng , Jiang Yuyong , Li Guiwei , Li Xiuhui , Li Xucheng , Liang Qun , Liu Jian , Liu Jianping , Liu Qingquan , Liu Shaonan , Lu Yun , Miao Qing , Qi Wensheng , Shang Hongcai , Shi Liqing , Tan XingHua , Tang Xudong , Wang Xianbo , Wang Xiaojun , Xia Wenguang , Yang Kehu , Yang Lihong , Ye Yongan , Zhou Qi , Zhang Hongchun , Zhang Junhua , Zhang Zhiming , Zhang Zhongde , Zou Xu , Li Jun , Wu Darong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has turned into a pandemic and resulted in huge death tolls and burdens. Integrating Chinese and western medicine has played an important role in the fight against the COVID‐19 pandemic.PurposeWe aimed to develop a living evidence‐based guideline of integrating Chinese and western medicine for COVID‐19.Study designLiving evidence‐based guideline.MethodsThis living guideline was developed using internationally recognized and accepted guideline standards, dynamically monitoring the release of new clinical evidence, and quickly updating the linked living systematic review, evidence summary tables, and recommendations. Modified Delphi method was used to reach consensus for all recommendations. The certainty of the evidence, resources, and other factors were fully considered, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence and the strength of recommendations.ResultsThe first version of this living guidance focuses on patients who are mild or moderate COVID‐19. A multidisciplinary guideline development panel was established. Ten clinical questions were identified based on the status of evidence and a face‐to‐face experts’ consensus. Finally, nine recommendations were reached consensus, and were formulated from systematic reviews of the benefits and harms, certainty of evidence, public accessibility, policy supports, feedback on proposed recommendations from multidisciplinary experts, and consensus meetings.ConclusionThis guideline panel made nine recommendations, which covered five traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription granules/decoction (MXXFJD, QFPD, XFBD, TJQW, and JWDY), three Chinese patent medicines (LHQW granules/capsule, JHQG granules, and LHQK granules), and one Chinese herbal injection (XBJ injection). Of them, two were strongly recommended (LHQW granules/capsule and QFPD decoction), and five were weakly recommended (MXXFJD decoction, XFBD decoction, JHQG granules, TJQW granules, and JWDY decoction) for the treatment of mild and moderate COVID‐19; two were weakly recommended against (XBJ injection and LHQK granules) the treatment of mild and moderate COVID‐19. The users of this living guideline are most likely to be clinicians, patients, governments, ministries, and health administrators.