bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation dynamics in a flg22-induced, heterotrimeric G-protein dependent signaling network in Arabidopsis thaliana reveals a candidate PP2A phosphatase involved in AtRGS1 trafficking
Authors: Watkins Justin M. , Clark Natalie M. , Song Gaoyuan , Oliveira Celio Cabral , Mishra Bharat , Brachova Libuse , Seifert Clara M. , Mitchell Malek S. , Reis Pedro Augusto Braga dos , Urano Daisuke , Shahid Muktar M. , Walley Justin W. , Jones Alan M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstractflg22 is a 22-amino peptide released from bacterial flagellin, a Microbe-Associated Molecular Pattern (MAMP) that is recognized by the plant cell as a signal indicating that bacteria are present. On its own, flg22 initiates a rapid increase in cytoplasmic calcium, extracellular reactive oxygen species, and activation of a Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) cascade, all of which are activated within 15 minutes after the cell perceives flg22. Here we show a massive change in protein abundance and phosphorylation state of the Arabidopsis root cell proteome within this 15-minute duration in wildtype and a mutant deficient in G-protein coupled signaling. Integration of phosphoproteome with protein-protein interactome data followed by network topology analyses discovered that many of the flg22-induced phosphoproteome changes fall on proteins that comprise the G protein interactome and on the most highly populated hubs of the immunity network. Approximately 95% of the phosphorylation changes in the G-protein interactome depend on a functional heterotrimeric G protein complex, some occur on proteins that interact directly with components of G-coupled signal transduction. One of these is ATBα, a substrate-recognition sub-unit of the PP2A Ser/Thr phosphatase and an interactor to Arabidopsis thaliana REGULATOR OF G SIGNALING 1 protein (AtRGS1), a 7-transmembrane spanning modulator of the nucleotide-binding state of the core G protein complex. AtRGS1 is phosphorylated by BAK1, a component of the flg22 receptor, to initiate AtRGS1 endocytosis. A null mutation of ATBα confers high basal endocytosis of AtRGS1, suggesting sustained phosphorylated status. Loss of ATBα confers traits associated with loss of AtRGS1. Because the basal level of AtRGS1 is lower in the atbα null mutant in a proteasome-dependent manner, we propose that phosphorylation-dependent endocytosis of AtRGS1 is part of a mechanism to degrade AtRGS1 which then sustains activation of the G protein complex. Thus, the role of ATBα is now established as a central component of phosphorylation-dependent regulation of system dynamics in innate immunity.
Distributed Feedforward and Feedback Processing across Perisylvian Cortex Supports Human Speech
Authors: Wang Ran , Chen Xupeng , Khalilian-Gourtani Amirhossein , Yu Leyao , Dugan Patricia , Friedman Daniel , Doyle Werner , Devinsky Orrin , Wang Yao , Flinker Adeen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSpeech production is a complex human function requiring continuous feedforward commands together with reafferent feedback processing. These processes are carried out by distinct frontal and posterior cortical networks, but the degree and timing of their recruitment and dynamics remain unknown. We present a novel deep learning architecture that translates neural signals recorded directly from cortex to an interpretable representational space that can reconstruct speech. We leverage state-of-the-art learnt decoding networks to disentangle feedforward vs. feedback processing. Unlike prevailing models, we find a mixed cortical architecture in which frontal and temporal networks each process both feedforward and feedback information in tandem. We elucidate the timing of feedforward and feedback related processing by quantifying the derived receptive fields. Our approach provides evidence for a surprisingly mixed cortical architecture of speech circuitry together with decoding advances that have important implications for neural prosthetics.
Association of Physical Activity with the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Persons >65 Years Old: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Fletcher Grace , Alam Aniqa B. , Li Linzi , Norby Faye L. , Chen Lin Y. , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Alonso Alvaro 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThough moderate levels of physical activity (PA) seem to reduce the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), the association of PA with AF in the elderly remains unclear.MethodsWe studied 5,166 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort that took part in visit 5 (2011-2013), were free of AF and had complete information on all variables. Self-reported PA was evaluated with a validated questionnaire and weekly minutes of leisure-time moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were calculated and categorized using the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (no activity [0 min/week], low [>0-<150 min/week], adequate [150-<300 min/week], high [≥300 min/week]). Incident AF between the visit 5 and the end of 2019 was ascertained from hospital discharges and death certificates. Cox models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for AF by levels of physical activity adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThe mean (SD) age for the sample was 75 (5) years; 59% were female and 22% were Black. During a mean (SD) follow-up time of 6.3 (2.0) years, 703 AF events were identified. The association of MVPA with AF incidence showed a U-shaped relationship. Compared to those not engaging in MVPA, individuals with low MVPA had a 23% lower hazard of AF (HR= 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96), while those with adequate MVPA had a 14% lower hazard (HR 0.86; 95% CI: 0.69, 1.06). High levels of MVPA were not associated with AF risk (HR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.78, 1.20). There was no evidence of heterogeneity when stratified by race and sex.ConclusionThis study suggests that being involved in low to moderate levels of MVPA was associated with a reduced hazard of AF. There was no evidence of increased risk of AF in those with higher levels of MVPA.
Influence of protonation on the geometry of 2-{[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]amino}-1-phenylethan-1-ol: crystal structures of the free base and of its chloride and 3-hydroxybenzoate salt forms
Authors: Nitek Wojciech , Kania Agnieszka , Marona Henryk , Waszkielewicz Anna M. , Żesławska Ewa 
Published: December 2021

The aroxyalkylaminoalcohol derivatives are a group of compounds known for their pharmacological action. The crystal structures of four new xylenoxyaminoalcohol derivatives having anticonvulsant activity are reported, namely, 2-{[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]amino}-1-phenylethan-1-ol, C18H23NO2, 1, the salt N-[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]-1-hydroxy-1-phenylethan-2-aminium 3-hydroxybenzoate, C18H24NO2
+·C7H5O3
−, 2, and two polymorphs of the salt (R)-N-[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]-1-hydroxy-1-phenylethan-2-aminium chloride, C18H24NO2
+·Cl−, 3 and 3p. Both polymorphs crystallize in the space group P21212 and each has two cations and two anions in the asymmetric unit (Z′ = 2). The molecules in the polymorphs show differences in their molecular conformations and intermolecular interactions. The crystal packing of neutral 1 is dominated by intermolecular O—H...N hydrogen bonds, resulting in the formation of one-dimensional chains. In the crystal structures of the salt forms (2, 3 and 3p), each protonated N atom is engaged in a charge-assisted hydrogen bond with the corresponding anion. The protonation of the N atom also influences the conformation of the molecular linker between the two aromatic rings and changes the orientation of the rings. The crystal packing of the salt forms is dominated by intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds, resulting in the creation of chains and rings. Structural studies have been enriched by the calculation of Hirshfeld surfaces and the corresponding fingerprint plots.
Advertising with scarcity messages and attitudes for luxury skin-care products
Authors: Fogel Joshua , Setton Marcelle Kim 
Published: December 2021

PurposeA number of types of scarcity messages are often used in Internet advertisements, but all these types have not been directly compared to each other.Design/methodology/approachCollege students (n = 789) were surveyed about five advertising choices for luxury skin-care products consisting of scarcity messages of high-demand, low-stock, limited-time, countdown timer and regular advertising without any scarcity message. Outcomes were product classification attitudes of functional and symbolic and psychological attitudes of persuasion knowledge and advertising skepticism.FindingsThe study found that high-demand message had greater functional attitudes and greater symbolic attitudes than regular advertising. Limited-time message had greater symbolic attitudes than regular advertising. High-demand message had lower advertising skepticism attitudes than regular advertising.Practical implicationsThe authors recommend that when a luxury skin-care product is in high demand, that marketers should use high-demand messages in their advertising. Marketers of luxury skin-care products may also benefit from using limited-time message advertisements.Originality/valueThis is the first study to directly compare the scarcity message advertising types of high-demand, low-stock, limited-time, countdown timer with regular advertising without any scarcity message.
Suitability of passive RC-network-based inductorless bridged-T as a bandpass NGD circuit
Authors: Lalléchére Sébastien , Nebhen Jamel , Liu Yang , Chan George , Fontgalland Glauco , Rahajandraibe Wenceslas , Wan Fayu , Ravelo Blaise 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study, a bridged-T topology with inductorless passive network used as a bandpass (BP) negative group delay (NGD) function.

Design/methodology/approach
The BP NGD topology under study is composed of an inductorless passive resistive capacitive network. The circuit analysis is elaborated from the equivalent impedance matrix. Then, the analytical model of the C-shunt bridged-T topology voltage transfer function is established. The BP NGD analysis of the considered topology is developed in function of the bridged-T parameters. The NGD properties and characterizations of the proposed topology are analytically expressed. Moreover, the relevance of the BP NGD theory is verified with the design and fabrication of surface mounted device components-based proof-of-concept (PoC).

Findings
From measurement results, the BP NGD network with −151 ns at the center frequency of 1 MHz over −6.6 dB attenuation is in very good agreement with the C-shunt bridged-T PoC.

Originality/value
This paper develops a mathematical modeling theory and measurement of a C-shunt bridged-T network circuit.
Implementation and evaluation of Employee Health and Wellness Program using RE-AIM framework
Authors: Khan Unab I. , Qureshi Asra , Lal Karishma , Ali Shehreen , Barkatali Arshnoor , Nayani Shamim 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe study describes the design, implementation and evaluation of an employer-sponsored health screening program – Employee Health and Wellness Program (EHWP) – in an academic healthcare system in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachOne year after implementation, RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance) framework was used to evaluate and report participant- and organizational-level indicators of success.FindingsOf the 5,286 invited employees, 4,523 (86%) completed blood work and 1809 (34%) completed health risk assessment (reach). Of the 915 (51%) who required referrals, 3% were referred for new diagnoses of diabetes, hepatitis C or severe anemia; 63% for elevated 10-year risk of cardiometabolic diseases (cardiovascular disease and diabetes); and 25% for counseling for depression, obesity or smoking cessation (effectiveness). Employees' barriers to enrollment were explored (adoption). While institutional costs were considered nominal (USD 20/employee), organizational barriers were identified (implementation). Finally, 97% of users reported interest in enrollment if EHWP was offered again (maintenance).Originality/valueIn a country with minimal focus on adult preventive care, the study reports the impact of an employer-offered wellness program that identified new risk factors and offered a referral for ongoing care. Employees reported a positive experience and were willing to re-enroll. Using the RE-AIM framework, the study has defined indicators in the real-world setting that can be used effectively by other institutions to start such a program.
Artificial intelligence in safety-critical systems: a systematic review
Authors: Wang Yue , Chung Sai Ho 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis study is a systematic literature review of the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in safety-critical systems. The authors aim to present the current application status according to different AI techniques and propose some research directions and insights to promote its wider application.Design/methodology/approachA total of 92 articles were selected for this review through a systematic literature review along with a thematic analysis.FindingsThe literature is divided into three themes: interpretable method, explain model behavior and reinforcement of safe learning. Among AI techniques, the most widely used are Bayesian networks (BNs) and deep neural networks. In addition, given the huge potential in this field, four future research directions were also proposed.Practical implicationsThis study is of vital interest to industry practitioners and regulators in safety-critical domain, as it provided a clear picture of the current status and pointed out that some AI techniques have great application potential. For those that are inherently appropriate for use in safety-critical systems, regulators can conduct in-depth studies to validate and encourage their use in the industry.Originality/valueThis is the first review of the application of AI in safety-critical systems in the literature. It marks the first step toward advancing AI in safety-critical domain. The paper has potential values to promote the use of the term “safety-critical” and to improve the phenomenon of literature fragmentation.
IJV partner relations in emerging markets: the importance of Greek partner's prior IJV experience
Authors: Rotsios Konstantinos , Sklavounos Nikolaos , Hajidimitriou Yannis 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the Greek partners' prior international joint venture (IJV) experience on partner compatibility, knowledge transfer (KT) and trust in their IJVs.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a primary research study and collected a total of 50 useable questionnaires from Greek firms with IJV participation.FindingsThe findings show a positive effect of the Greek partner's prior experience in IJV establishment and management on partner compatibility and on successful KT to the IJV.Practical implicationsThe results are significant for executives of firms who seek to expand to international markets through IJV formation and for practitioners involved in IJVs, regarding prior IJV experience, partner compatibility and KT to their IJVs.Originality/valueThis study uses a sample of Greek firms with IJV participation to examine the effect of their prior IJV experience on IJV partner relations in the region of South East (SE) Europe. Additionally, it enhances the understanding of the effect of prior experience in the IJV establishment and management in emerging markets and sheds light to the antecedents of partner compatibility, which have been neglected by researchers.
“You can't read your way out of racism”: creating anti-racist action out of education in an academic library
Authors: Figueroa Monica , Shawgo Kristan 
Published: December 2021

PurposeUnder the transformational leadership of the University Librarian, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries shifted from having an education- and programming-based “diversity committee” to a council of librarians advocating for action, anti-racism and social justice, both within our organization and across campus. As our University Librarian noted, “you cannot read your way out of racism.”Design/methodology/approachWith support from library leadership, the Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, and Accessibility (IDEA) Council has advanced anti-racism work in the libraries by serving as facilitators for a book discussion series, organizing a 21-day racial equity challenge, supporting staff in integrating anti-racism practices into their daily work through brown bag conversations, and facilitating the development of inclusion-focused performance management goals.FindingsWhat does an anti-racist library look like, and how does our organization envision this future? These questions anchor the IDEA Council's strategies. The libraries have witnessed a positive shift in staff participation: two-thirds of library staff participated in a Racial Equity Institute Groundwater presentation and in a library-wide book discussion series; approximately half the staff committed to our 21-day racial equity challenge. Participants were asked to reflect in conversation and through surveys.Originality/valueThe first wave of a newly established grant program funded eight staff-led projects to advance social justice in the libraries. Additional steps included caucusing by racial identity, staff-wide discussions about racial equity, and a second wave of funding for the grant program. The authors approach this work with cultural humility: seeking to learn from one another, our peers and fellow activists.
Open data for accountability at times of exception: an exploratory analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Maione Gennaro , Sorrentino Daniela , Kruja Alba Demneri 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
At exceptional times, governments are entrusted with greater authority. This creates significant concerns over governments’ transparency and accountability. This paper aims to pursue a twofold objective: assessing the patterns of open government data during the extraordinary time initiated by the COVID-19 pandemic drawing relevant policy and managerial implications regarding the future development of open data as a mechanism of accountability at times of exception.

Design/methodology/approach
The study follows exploratory research, relying on a web content analysis. The empirical setting is provided by 20 Italian regional governments during the COVID-19 pandemic as a shock that has triggered an exceptional time for governments.

Findings
Results on the desirable (extrinsic and intrinsic) characteristics of the data analyzed show that in the empirical setting investigated, open data does not enable to properly address the accountability concerns of a demanding forum at times of exception.

Research limitations/implications
The paper enriches the state of the art on accountability and provides both scholars and practitioners (e.g. policymakers, managers, etc.) a current reading of data-driven orientation as a stimulus to the accountability of public administrations during exceptional times.

Originality/value
The paper investigates open data as a condition of public accountability, assessing whether and how Italian regional governments have concretely opened their data to enable their forums to elaboration of an informed opinion about their conduct during the ongoing pandemic. This fosters the understanding of how accountability is deployed in times of exception in light of the possibilities offered by the availability of online platforms.
A ‘patient–industry complex’? Investigating the financial dependency of UK patient organisations on drug company funding
Authors: Ozieranski Piotr , Pitter Janos Gyorgy , Rickard Emily , Mulinari Shai , Csanadi Marcell 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe examined the minimum extent of dependency of UK patient organisations on pharmaceutical industry funding using drug company disclosure reports and patient organisation financial accounts from 2012 to 2016. We used linear regression to explain the overall share of industry funding (‘general dependency’) and top donor funding (‘company‐specific dependency’) in organisations’ income. Predictors included patient organisations’ goal; having members and volunteers; geographical scope of activity; headquarter location; expenditure/income ratio; and disease area. The prevalent low levels of general dependency (IQR, 0.1%–6.0%) and company‐specific dependency (IQR, 0.1%–4.3%) made a widespread capture of patient organisations unlikely, though only if one excludes the possibility of significant payment under‐reporting. However, organisations with considerably higher dependency than others might be more prone to co‐optation by industry. Of the 398 organisations, 18 (4.5%) and 8 (2.0%) had general and company‐specific financial dependency over 50%, respectively. However, the shares of outliers exceeding the third quartile plus 1.5 times IQR were 51 (12.8%) and 56 (14.1%) for each dependency type. Certain characteristics including activity profile (advocacy) or indicating limited access to resources (remote location) made organisations vulnerable to developing financial dependency. Future research should examine both financial and non‐financial links between the two sides and their impact on patient organisations’ activity.
In Battle and in Bed: Wanton Women and Women Warriors in Muslim and Christian Crusade Narratives
Authors: Davis‐Secord Sarah 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article analyses the parallel representations of enemy warrior women as sexually profligate and inappropriately martial in selected Latin and Arabic texts from the period of the first three crusades (late eleventh to late twelfth centuries). Cross‐cultural comparison of depictions of fighting women demonstrates that both cultures portrayed the other side as dominated, and thus undermined, by women who were unnaturally assertive in both sexual and military affairs. Both Muslim and Christian authors sexualised and militarised the bodies of enemy women in order to define which men were the strongest, best and most deserving of battlefield victory in the holy wars of crusade and jihad.
Water holding properties of Atlantic salmon
Authors: Chan Sherry Stephanie , Roth Bjørn , Jessen Flemming , Jakobsen Anita Nordeng , Lerfall Jørgen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWith global seafood production increasing to feed the rising population, there is a need to produce fish and fishery products of high quality and freshness. Water holding properties, including drip loss (DL) and water holding capacity (WHC), are important parameters in determining fish quality as they affect functional properties of muscles such as juiciness and texture. This review focuses on the water holding properties of Atlantic salmon and evaluates the methods used to measure them. The pre‐ and postmortem factors and how processing and preservation methods influence water holding properties and their correlations to other quality parameters are reviewed. In addition, the possibility of using modelling is explained. Several methods are available to measure WHC. The most prevalent method is the centrifugation method, but other non‐invasive and cost‐effective approaches are increasingly preferred. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods and future trends are evaluated. Due to the diversity of methods, results from previous research are relative and cannot be directly compared unless the same method is used with the same conditions.