bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reactive Distillation for Solvent Regeneration after Biphasic Carboxylic Acid Esterification
Authors: Toth Andreas , Siebenhofer Matthäus , Lux Susanne 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEmulsion‐enhanced biphasic esterification has proven to be applicable for carboxylic acid recovery from dilute aqueous process streams. The carboxylic acid is esterified with 1‐octanol in an emulsified regime with 4‐dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (4‐DBSA) or Ni(DBSA)2 as catalyst. After phase separation, the laden solvent phase must be regenerated. This study presents a regeneration concept based on reactive distillation with transesterification of the octyl ester‐laden solvent with methanol. The regenerated solvent is reused in the extraction step.
Differential investment in visual and olfactory brain regions is linked to the sensory needs of a wasp social parasite and its host
Authors: Rozanski Allison N. , Cini Alessandro , Lopreto Taylor E. , Gandia Kristine M. , Hauber Mark E. , Cervo Rita , Uy Floria M. K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObligate insect social parasites evolve traits to effectively locate and then exploit their hosts, whereas hosts have complex social behavioral repertoires, which include sensory recognition to reject potential conspecific intruders and heterospecific parasites. While social parasites and host behaviors have been studied extensively, less is known about how their sensory systems function to meet their specific selective pressures. Here, we compare investment in visual and olfactory brain regions in the paper waspPolistes dominula, and its obligate social parasiteP. sulcifer, to explore the links among sensory systems,brain and behavior. Our results show significant relative volumetric differences between these two closely related species, consistent with their very different life histories. Social parasites show proportionally larger optic lobes and central complex to likely navigate long‐distance migrations and unfamiliar landscapes to locate the specific species of hosts they usurp. Contrastingly, hosts have larger antennal lobes and calyces of the mushroom bodies compared with social parasites, as predicted by their sensory means to maintain social cohesion via olfactory signals, allocate colony tasks, forage, and recognize conspecific and heterospecific intruders. Our work suggests how this tradeoff between visual and olfactory brain regions may facilitate different sensory adaptations needed to perform social and foraging tasks by the host, including recognition of parasites, or to fly long distances and successful host localizing by the social parasite.
Genetic features of precursor B‐cell phenotype Burkitt leukemia with IGH‐MYC rearrangement
Authors: Yoshida Masanori , Tomizawa Daisuke , Yoshimura Satoshi , Osumi Tomoo , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Ogata‐Kawata Hiroko , Ishiwata Keisuke , Sato‐Otsubo Aiko , Kimura Yui , Ito Shuichi , Matsumoto Kimikazu , Deguchi Takao , Kiyokawa Nobutaka , Yoshioka Takako , Hata Kenichiro , Kato Motohiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAn atypical form of Burkitt leukemia/lymphoma (BL), BL with a phenotype of precursor B‐cells (preBLL), is listed in the WHO Classification. Recent reports suggested that preBLL and classical BL could be distinguished by the differences in IG‐MYC translocation architecture and an additional mutated genes profile. The characteristics of classical BL are IG‐MYC by aberrant somatic hypermutation or class switch recombination, and BL‐specific gene mutations such as MYC, ID3, and CCND3. Meanwhile, preBLL is characterized by IG‐MYC due to aberrant VDJ recombination and mutations in NRAS and KRAS. However, it is not clear whether all preBLL cases can be differentiated. This report investigated the molecular characteristics of an infant preBLL case, with a more advanced stage of maturity than typical preBLL.CaseThe patient showed BL‐like morphology with IGH‐MYC rearrangement. In the immunophenotyping, CD20 and surface immunoglobulin were negative, whereas other markers were consistent with BL. To evaluate the genetic contribution, we performed whole‐exome sequencing. The breakpoint analysis revealed the IG‐MYC occurred due to an aberrant VDJ recombination. Meanwhile, additional somatic mutations were detected in FBXO11, one of the mutant genes specific to BL. In the analysis of the specimen in complete remission, mutation in KRAS, frequently mutated in preBLL, was detected with low frequency, suggesting somatic mosaicism.ConclusionThe present case showed the characteristics of both typical preBLL and classical BL. Because preBLL includes atypical cases such as the present case, further studies are required to elucidate preBLL features.
Effect of Transcodent painless needles on injection pain in maxillary anterior infiltration: a split‐mouth controlled randomized clinical trial
Authors: Razmara Farnoosh , Baghi Arjang , Afkhami Farzaneh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe present study aimed to determine the pain perceived during supraperiosteal (infiltration) injection in anterior maxillary region by Transcodent painless needle tips in comparison to the regular needle tips.Material and methodsIn this split‐mouth controlled randomised clinical trial, 30 patients were selected as candidates for cosmetic treatment who needed infiltration injections on both sides of canine area. They were each administered 0.9 mL of Lidocaine HCl 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000 in the buccal vestibules using two types of needle tips, Transcodent painless needle tip or regular needle tip. Immediately after the injection, the pain was measured using a 100 mm visual analog scale. The level of pain was statistically analyzed in the two groups using the parametric paired t‐test. A 5% significance level was considered for statically significant difference between two means.ResultsIn accordance with the results, the patients' level of pain were estimated as 18.3 ± 10.7 mm with Transcodent painless needle tips and 43.1 ± 13.1 mm in regular needle tip (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe Transcodent painless needle showed considerable reduction of pain in the anterior maxillary infiltration when compared to the regular needle tips.
Influence of professional dental hygiene on oral and general health of retirement home residents: A comparative study
Authors: Peroz Ingrid , Klein Christoph 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe oral status of nursing home residents is poor. This could compromise general health. The controlled study investigated the influence of quarterly professional dental hygiene interventions on oral and general health of elderly.Material and Methods152 participants (mean age 84 years) of two residents' homes were examined. Parameters of general health, a questionnaire for caregivers, and oral parameters were evaluated at baseline and after 1 year. All caregivers were given one lesson on oral hygiene at baseline. In one home professional oral hygiene was performed every 3 months. Statistical analyses were done by Chi2 test for nominal data and t‐test for numeric data.ResultsThere were no significant differences between both homes regarding general health. Some oral parameters—if any—may be positively influenced by the intervention such as pocket depth, and Denture Hygiene Index and alterations of the mucosa.ConclusionsA quarterly professional hygiene is not able to influence general health and has—if any—little effect on oral health. This underlines the necessity for frequent interventions. An optimization of the health policy framework is necessary to allow caregivers more time for oral hygiene and to establish the accessibility of frequent professional health care for inhabitants in residents' homes.
Geometric Algebra for teaching AC Circuit Theory
Authors: Montoya Francisco G. , Baños Raúl , Alcayde Alfredo , Arrabal‐Campos Francisco M. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThis paper presents and discusses the usage of Geometric Algebra (GA) for the analysis of electrical alternating current (AC) circuits. The potential benefits of this novel approach are highlighted in the study of linear and nonlinear circuits with sinusoidal and non‐sinusoidal sources in the frequency domain, which are important issues in electrical engineering undergraduate courses. The analysis and understanding of how AC circuits operate in steady state are of a paramount importance for all the electrical engineers and practitioners around the world. Typically, lecturers of most undergraduate courses teach circuit theory using complex phasors, vector calculus, or linear algebra. However, these approaches have some important limitations in practice, which requires the development of strategies to improve teaching‐learning process related to AC circuit analysis. By formulating a new mathematical framework, the paper presents and discusses how GA can be of help in this approach. It is also described how the results obtained by using GA are validated using computer‐based simulations. It is highlighted how the proposed teaching methodology based on GA theory can be effective in helping students learn AC circuit analysis since it has several potential benefits derived from its simplicity, compactness, and use of easily identifiable geometrical concepts.
Network traffic prediction model based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition and multiple models
Authors: Lian Lian , Tian Zhongda 
Published: September 2021

SummaryIn order to improve the prediction accuracy of network traffic, a novel prediction model based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition and multiple models is proposed. In this study, ensemble empirical mode decomposition algorithm is introduced to decompose the network traffic and get several components. Approximate entropy is introduced to judge the complexity of each component. According to the results of approximate entropy, echo state network is selected to predict high complexity components, support vector machine is used to predict medium complexity components, and autoregressive integrated moving average model is introduced to predict low complexity components. The advantages of each prediction model are used to predict the appropriate component. The final prediction results are obtained by adding the predicted values of each component. In order to solve the problem that the prediction performance of support vector machine and echo state network is affected by their parameters, an improved whale optimization algorithm is proposed to optimize the parameters of the model. Meanwhile, the calculation results of approximate entropy show that compared with the original network traffic, the complexity of each component obtained by ensemble empirical mode decomposition is reduced, which reduces the complexity of modeling. Three network traffic datasets with sampling periods of 10 ms, 1 s, and 10 min are collected. Compared with the other five state‐of‐the‐art prediction models, the case study results show that the proposed prediction model has better prediction accuracy and excellent statistical performance indicators.
Clinical outcomes of endoscopic resection for rectal neuroendocrine tumors: Advantages of endoscopic submucosal resection with a ligation device compared to conventional EMR and ESD
Authors: Kamigaichi Yuki , Yamashita Ken , Oka Shiro , Tamari Hirosato , Shimohara Yasutsugu , Nishimura Tomoyuki , Inagaki Katsuaki , Okamoto Yuki , Tanaka Hidenori , Yuge Ryo , Urabe Yuji , Arihiro Koji , Tanaka Shinji 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThere are some endoscopic resection (ER) methods for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), however, which method is most useful remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of different ER techniques, such as conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (cEMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and endoscopic submucosal resection with a ligation device (ESMR‐L) for rectal NETs.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 96 consecutive patients with 102 rectal NETs of less than 10 mm in diameter who underwent ER between January 2001 and December 2019 at Hiroshima University Hospital. We compared the clinical outcomes of each ER method (cEMR 60 lesions, ESD 21 lesions, and ESMR‐L 21 lesions), divided according to the treatment periods, and evaluated the risk factors for vertical margin (VM) positivity in relation to clinicopathological and endoscopic characteristics.ResultsAs for the mean procedure time, ESD took significantly longer to perform than the other methods. The histological complete resection rate was 80% (48/60) for cEMR, 85.7% (18/21) for ESD, and 100% (21/21) for ESMR‐L, and the VM positive rate was 20% (12/60) for cEMR, 14.3% (3/21) for ESD, and 0% (0/21) for ESMR‐L, with no significant difference. However, the tumor‐front‐to‐VM distance was significantly longer in the ESMR‐L group than in the cEMR and ESD groups. cEMR and ESD were both significant risk factors for VM positivity. No perforation or local recurrence was observed in all methods.ConclusionsESMR‐L is the most useful ER method for small rectal NETs.
Clinical moderators and predictors of cognitive‐behavioral therapy by guided‐self‐help versus therapist‐led for binge‐eating disorder: Analysis of aggregated clinical trials
Authors: Grilo Carlos M. , Thompson‐Brenner Heather , Shingleton Rebecca M. , Thompson Douglas R. , Franko Debra L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveCognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT)—therapist‐led (CBTth) and guided‐self‐help (CBTgsh)—has efficacy for binge‐eating disorder (BED) but many patients do not benefit sufficiently. We examined predictors and moderators for these two CBT methods.MethodData were aggregated from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing psychosocial treatments for BED in the U.S. Predictors and moderators of outcomes (treatment completion and binge‐eating remission) were examined in N = 457 participants who received either CBTgsh (N = 164) or CBTth (N = 293).ResultsAnalyses, adjusting for demographic/clinical variables, indicated CBTth was significantly superior to CBTgsh for treatment completion (odds ratio [OR] = 20.0) and remission (OR = 14.6). For remission, analyses revealed significant predictors (age, treatment length, Weight Concern), a moderator (weight concern [OR = 5.13]), and a significant interaction between CBT‐type and treatment length (OR = 2.66). For CBTgsh, longer treatment was associated with less remission, whereas for CBTth, longer treatment was associated with greater remission. For CBTgsh, 44.1% with low weight concern versus 56.3% with high weight concern achieved remission whereas for CBTth, 43.5% with high weight concern and 61.0% with low weight concern achieved remission.DiscussionAnalyses of aggregated RCT BED data, adjusting for demographic/clinical characteristics, indicated superiority (large effect‐sizes) in treatment outcomes of CBTth over CBTgsh and that Weight Concern moderated outcomes.
Does seed mass drive interspecies variation in the effect of management practices on weed demography?
Authors: Kazakou Elena , Fried Guillaume , Cheptou Pierre‐Olivier , Gimenez Olivier 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOptimizing the effect of management practices on weed population dynamics is challenging due to the difficulties in inferring demographic parameters in seed banks and their response to disturbance. Here, we used a long‐term plant survey between 2006 and 2012 in 46 French vineyards and quantified the effects of management practices (tillage, mowing, and herbicide) on colonization, germination, and seed survival of 30 weed species in relation to their seed mass. To do so, we used a recent statistical approach to reliably estimate demographic parameters for plant populations with a seed bank using time series of presence–absence data, which we extended to account for interspecies variation in the effects of management practices on demographic parameters. Our main finding was that when the level of disturbance increased (i.e., in plots with a higher number of herbicides, tillage, or mowing treatments), colonization success and survival in large‐seeded species increased faster than in small‐seeded species. High disturbance through tillage increased survival in the seed bank of species with high seed mass. The application of herbicides increased germination, survival, and colonization probabilities of species with high seed mass. Mowing, representing habitats more competitive for light, increased the survival of species with high seed mass. Overall, the strong relationships between the effects of management practices and seed mass provide an indicator for predicting the dynamics of weed communities under disturbance.
Stabilizing Indigo Z‐Isomer through Intramolecular Associations of Redox‐Active Appendages
Authors: Broløs Line , Klaue Kristin , Bendix Jesper , Grubert Lutz , Hecht Stefan , Nielsen Mogens Brøndsted 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhotoswitchable small molecules, such as N,N’‐disubstituted indigos, have received great interest within fields such as pharmacology, energy storage, and functional materials, as they represent key building blocks for reversible and non‐invasive control of chemical processes. However, to ensure applicability of photochromic systems it is of paramount importance to manipulate the photostationary state. In this work, we achieved this by tethering two redox‐active indenofluorene‐extended tetrathiafulvalene units to an N,N’‐disubstituted indigo photoswitch. Upon two‐electron oxidation, we observe significantly enhanced stability of the Z‐isomer, compared to the neutral compound, illustrated by a substantial increase in the half‐life from 0.48 seconds to 22 hours. This remarkable stabilization is ascribed to formation of strong, intramolecular π‐dimers between the oxidized subunits.
CO2‐Mediated Non‐Destructive Cyanide Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Petersen Allan R. , Juhl Martin , Petrovic Aleksa , Lee Ji‐Woong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe facile removal of cyanide anions from cyanide‐containing water was achieved using CO2 in conjunction with aldehydes which can be recycled from the process. The conversion of the cyanide ion into an insoluble cyanohydrin in water allowed the removal of cyanide and could be used as a method for treating cyanide contaminated wastewater and for recovering cyanide or cyanohydrins for further applications.
Investigation of entrance effects on particle electrophoretic behavior near a nanopore for resistive pulse sensing
Authors: Hsu Chien , Lin Chih‐Yuan , Alizadeh Amer , Daiguji Hirofumi , Hsu Wei‐Lun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResistive pulse sensing using solid‐state nanopores provides a unique platform for detecting the structure and concentration of molecules of different types of analytes in an electrolyte solution. The capture of an entity into a nanopore is subject not only to the electrostatic force but also the effect of electroosmotic flow originating from the charged nanopore surface. In this study, we theoretically analyze spherical particle electrophoretic behavior near the entrance of a charged nanopore. By investigating the effects of pore size, particle–pore distance, and salt concentration on particle velocity, we summarize dominant mechanisms governing particle behavior for a range of conditions. In the literature, the Helmholtz–Smoluchowski equation is often adopted to evaluate particle translocation by considering the zeta potential difference between the particle and nanopore surfaces. We point out that, due to the difference of the electric field inside and outside the nanopore and the influence from the existence of the particle itself, the zeta potential of the particle, however, needs to be at least 30% higher than that of the nanopore to allow the particle to enter into the nanopore when its velocity is close to zero. Accordingly, we summarize the effective salt concentrations that enable successful particle capture and detection for different pore sizes, offering direct guidance for nanopore applications.
Engineering evaluation of the EQSIM simulated ground‐motion database: The San Francisco Bay Area region
Authors: Petrone Floriana , Abrahamson Norman , McCallen David , Pitarka Arben , Rodgers Arthur 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGround‐motion simulations for infrequent earthquake scenarios are gaining increasing interest in the engineering community for their potential to inform performance‐based structural design and assessment, particularly in regions where major earthquakes are expected, but recordings from consistent historical events are not available. However, the absence of empirical data makes the evaluation of such scenarios and the interpretation of the simulation results very challenging. In this context, this paper presents the evaluation of the first EQSIM (v.1.1.0) ground‐motion simulations generated for the San Francisco Bay Area (SFBA) region. The current database, which is at the first stages of development, includes eight realizations of a Hayward Fault Mw7 event. The evaluation of the simulated motions is first conducted on the average ground‐motion amplitudes through comparison against the NGA‐W2 GMPEs and a selected population of real records. A methodology for selecting a population of real records consistent with the simulated event is proposed. The objective of the proposed evaluation is twofold: (1) build confidence in the realistic character of the simulated motions for their use in engineering applications and (2) offer a critical physics‐based interpretation of the simulation results that can help improve key features of the simulation models. To further investigate the implications of using the simulated ground motions for site‐specific structural assessments, the ASCE7‐16 approach is employed for the analysis of two hazard‐consistent near‐field sites in the SFBA. Results are discussed. This study offers a critical review of the EQSIM (v.1.1.0) SFBA ground‐motion simulations and suggestions for improving the earthquake rupture models.
Emotional processing in recovered anorexia nervosa patients: A 15 year longitudinal study
Authors: Castro Telma Fontão , Miller Kylee , Araújo Maria Xavier , Brandão Isabel , Torres Sandra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis 15 years longitudinal study aimed to examine whether difficulties in cognitive processing of emotions persisted after long‐term recovery from anorexia nervosa (AN), and its link to anxiety and depression.MethodTwenty‐four females, who were tested longitudinally during their acute and recovered AN phases, and 24 healthy control (HC) women, were screened for anxiety, depression, alexithymia, emotion regulation difficulties (ER; only assessed in recovery phase), and completed an experimental task to analyse emotional experience.ResultsIn spite of significant improvement in alexithymia, anxiety, and depression with AN recovery, some emotion functioning difficulties did not normalize. The occurrence of comorbid anxiety and depression explained the reduced ability to identify, understand, and accept emotions in long‐term recovery (relative to controls), but not the increased global difficulty in using ER strategies, which revealed a more stable nature of deficit. With recovery, negative emotions linked to situations addressing food and body weight are felt more intensely.ConclusionsManaging emotions, especially the negative ones, remains a challenge for individuals recovered from AN. Under this circumstance, maladaptive eating behaviour can serve as an affect regulatory function, increasing the risk of relapse. Emotional education is an important avenue in protecting long‐term AN relapse.