bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of High Fat Diet on Body Weight, Visceral Fat Weight, and PPARG Expressions on Visceral Fat in Mice
Authors: Melyana Cantika Putri , Mudjanarko Sony Wibisono , Herawati Lilik , Al-Arif Mohammad Anam , Rejeki Purwo Sri 
Published: September 2021

Obesity becomes a global epidemic nowadays. The high-fat diet is used as an alternative therapy for obesity. The optimal composition of a high-fat diet to reduce body weight is still unknown. This study aimed to determine which components of a high-fat diet can decrease body weight, visceral fat, and PPARG expression of visceral fat. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, for three months by using a randomized post-test only control group design. Fifty male mice, 2-3 months old, 18-30 grams were adapted for one week given standard diet AIN93-M, then mice were divided into five groups, namely K1 (control group, 12% fat, 20% protein, 62% carbs); K2 (30% fat, 60% proteins, 0% carbs); K3 (45% fat, 45% protein, 0% carbs); K4 (60% fat, 30% protein, 0% carbs); and K5 (75% fat, 15% protein, 0% carbs). Bodyweight was measured before and after treatment, then the visceral fat and PPARG expressions were evaluated. Statistical comparisons were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. After treatment, there were forty-three mice. The body weight and visceral fat weight of the mice with a high-fat diet were decreased. The most significant changes in body weight were in K4 with -9,60 ± 3,806 grams reduction. The bodyweight of mice in K5, slightly increased than K2-K4. This could be caused by the hormesis phenomenon. PPARG expressions decreased in groups with a high-fat diet but increased in K5. The composition of a high-fat diet in group K4 was the most optimal to decrease the body weight, visceral fat, and PPARG expressions in mice
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Think, Pair, and Share Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPS di Kelas V SD Negeri I Bojonggambir
Authors: Dinaqi Arini Ainaki Nur , Rakhmat Cece , Nugraha Fajar 
Published: September 2021

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPS di Kelas V SD Negeri I Bojonggambir, kecamatan Bojonggambir, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPS materi proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonesia dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Think, Pair, and Share (TPS) pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Bojonggambir, kab. Tasikmalaya, tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan hasil belajar IPS dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Think, Pair, and Share, pratindakan nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 53.21, yang mencapai ketuntasan sebanyak 8 siswa (28.5%) dan belum mencapai ketuntasan 20 siswa (71.4%). Siklus I meningkat sebanyak 8.21 dengan nilai rata-rata adalah 60.71, yang mencapai ketuntasan 15 siswa (53.6%) dan belum tuntas 13 siswa (46.4%). Siklus II meningkat sebanyak 18.93 dari siklus I, sedangkan jika dibandingkan dengan pratindakan meningkat sebanyak 27.14 dengan nilai rata-rata menjadi 80.35, yang mencapai ketuntasan 25 siswa (89.2%) dan belum tuntas 3 siswa (10.8%). Implikasi penelitian ini adalah penggunaan model model pembelajaran Think, Pair, and Share (TPS) pada pembelajaran IPS materi proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonesia dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Community Based Disaster Management in Indonesia
Authors: Muryani Chatarina 
Published: September 2021

<p><em>The purpose of this article writing is to describe and analyze how the implementation of Community Based Disaster Management in Indonesia. This Sources of articles writing were various libraries, including books, journals, regulations and articles on the website. From the literature review, it can be concluded that CBDM has an important role in disaster risk reduction both in Indonesia and in other countries, and CBDM in Indonesia has been implemented but there are still problems: overlapping management, guidance for sustainability and funding.</em></p>
Efforts to Improve Science Learning Outcomes Through Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Class VI SD Negeri Losari Kidul 02
Authors: Safii Ujang 
Published: September 2021

<p><em>This Classroom Action Research is an effort to improve student learning outcomes on the magnetic properties of science subject content through themodel Problem Based Learning. This research was conducted on the sixth grade students of SD Negeri Losari Kidul 02. This research was motivated by the teacher not using learning models and media. The learning model used is too conventional and in teaching does not use media during the learning process. Student learning outcomes are still low, many students score below the KKM in science learning as measured by a test at the end of the lesson. This study uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) with steps consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection in each cycle. This research was conducted in two cycles. In each cycle, learning activities are carried out by applying thelearning model Problem Based Learning. This research shows that students' learning outcomes in the matter of magnetic properties through themodel Problem Based Learning can increase. This increase can be seen from the results of classroom action research in cycles I and II. In the first cycle of students who completed KKM 70 as many as 58.7% (10 people from 17 students). In cycle II, students who completed KKM 70 were 88.1% or 15 of 17 students. The conclusion obtained in this study is that the use oflearning models Problem Based Learning can improve learning outcomes in science learning material magnetic properties in class VI students of SD Negeri Losari Kidul 02. </em><em></em></p>
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar IPA Dengan Strategi Mengoptimalkan Media Gambar Dan Audiovisual Di Kelas V SDIT Harapan Bunda Purwokerto
Authors: Suryandari Anggun 
Published: September 2021

<em>The paper describe about result from classroom action research is based on the low student learning scores</em><em> on science subject on grade V SDIT Harapan Bunda Purwokerto. The author tries to examine the causes of the low students achievement and find a problem solving. The subject matter of this study is guite simple, namely the optimization strategy of image and audio visual media to determine the improvement of student learning result in science subject about blood circulation. This research was carried out in two cycles that were preceded by a pre-cycle, carried out in September 2016. Cycle 1 was carried out on September 5, 2016 and cycle 2 wa carried out on September 26, 2016. In the first and second cycles, the strategy used was the strategy of optimizing image media and audiovisual media. The result showed an increase student achievement. It is evident from the average valueof class in the initial conditions is 70,0, in the first cycle is 76,2 and the second cycle is 88,1</em>
Penerapan Model Picture and Picture Dengan Media Audio Visual untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran IPS
Authors: Marselia Novi 
Published: September 2021

<p><em>The research aimed to increase social subject quality of third grade elementary school students through the</em><em> application of picture and picture model using audio visual. The research was designed using classroom action research consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The data was collected using test, observation, documentation, and learning log. The result of teacher skill in the first cycle scored 25 in good category. Cycle II scored 26 in good category. Cycle III scored 33 in excelent category. The results of cognitive learning classical completeness in the first cycle was 61%. The second cycle was 78%. The third cycle was 87%.The conclusion was the application of picture and picture model using audio visual improved the quality of learning including teacher skills and student learning outcomes.</em></p>
Aquifer storage of treated wastewater for subsequent recovery as an important strategy for sustainable water security in Kuwait
Authors: Al-Huwaishel Afnan S. , Elmi Abdirashid , Mukhopadhyay Amitabha 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This research explores the possibility of creating an underground water reservoir by injecting treated wastewater and evaluates the recovery efficiency and water quality under different injection/recovery scenarios. An injection/recovery well was established in the Dammam Formation aquifer in Kuwait. Six observation wells were also drilled nearby to monitor the water levels and quality. A three-dimensional (3D) numerical hydraulic and transport model was set up using the coupled version of MODFLOW and MT3DMS. Four scenarios of cyclic and continuous injection with different injection and pumping rates stretching over 5,400 days were investigated. Two dispersivity values, low (10 m) and high (200 m), were used in each scenario in order to establish the minimum and maximum recovery limits of useful water that can be expected from the site. The combination of injection rate of 650 m3/d and subsequent recovery at 1,000 m3/d proved to be the optimum option for the storage of water, resulting in good recovery efficiency and acceptable water quality. Based on these results, it was concluded that aquifer storage is a feasible strategy for mitigating growing water scarcity in the State of Kuwait and other countries in the larger Middle East.
Confirmed detection of Palaeogene and Jurassic orbitally-forced sedimentary cycles in the depth domain using False Discovery Rates and Bayesian probability spectra
Authors: Weedon Graham P. 
Published: September 2021

It has been common practice to assume that power spectral backgrounds in cyclostratigraphy conform to a first-order autoregressive (AR1) model. Vaughan et al. (2011, Paleoceanography) argued that an unbiased approach to fitting the spectral backgrounds, as well as adjustment of confidence levels for multiple frequency testing, should be mandatory during the search in the depth domain for significant spectral peaks. To address these requirements Smoothed Window Averaging to find spectral backgrounds are combined with False Discovery Rates (FDR) for setting confidence levels and were applied to time series from seven Oligocene and Jurassic formations. Bayesian probability spectra provide an alternative method for detecting regular cyclicity. Pre-whitening the linearly detrended time series prior to calculation of Bayesian probabilities avoids confounding effects due to red noise.
In all seven formations there are sub-sections associated with spectral peaks exceeding the 5% FDR, in four formations they even exceed the 0.01% FDR. Elevated Bayesian probability at the same frequencies as these significant power spectral peaks, supports the detection of regular cyclicity. This prevalence of detections conflicts with the assertion of Vaughan et al. (2011) that “almost certainly the vast majority of cycle detections … in the stratigraphy literature are false.” In previous publications spectral peaks exceeding the standard 95% level were considered significant so very high confidence levels were not reported. Nevertheless, the examples re-studied demonstrate that pre-Neogene cyclostratigraphic time series do indeed contain regular cycles most likely linked to orbital-forcing.
Rhaetian (Late Triassic) Milankovitch Cycles in the Tethyan Dachstein Limestone and Laurentian Passaic Formation Linked by the g2-g5 Astronomical Metronome
Authors: Hinnov Linda A. , Cozzi Andrea 
Published: September 2021

Milankovitch cycles have long been suspected of having been recorded in the shallow marine Lofer cyclothems of the Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone of the European Northern and Southern Calcareous Alps. However, sufficient evidence has not yet been forthcoming to make a compelling case for Milankovitch control on the cyclothems. At the same time, there is overwhelmingly strong evidence that Milankovitch cycles were influencing the paleoclimates of Rhaetian Laurentia and the wet-dry playa lake deposits of the Passaic Formation (Newark Basin, USA). The strongest cycles in these deposits, the McLaughlin cycles, have been linked to the metronomic g2-g5, or 405 kyr orbital eccentricity cycle. Thus, Milankovitch cycles were operating throughout the Rhaetian, and being global in nature, likely played a role in the genesis of the coeval Lofer cyclothems. The Dachstein Limestone in the Julian Alps, relatively undisturbed by tectonics, exhibits strong Milankovitch-like cyclicity, including evidence for g2-g5 cycling. The shallow marine Dachstein and continental Passaic formations provide evidence for complementary forcing mechanisms and active aquifer-limno-eustasy: low sea level in Lofer exposure facies is reflected in wet Passaic playa lake deposits, and high sea level in Lofer subtidal facies in dry Passaic playa lake deposits. The Dachstein and Passaic formations are further linked by the g2-g5 metronome; a provisional correlation is proposed, subject to future validation by additional, as yet undeveloped chronostratigraphic constraints.
The "Gonzalo y Tarín" historical fossil collection of the province of Granada from the Geominero Museum (IGME, Madrid, Spain)
Authors: Menéndez S. , Quiralte M. Victoria 
Published: September 2021

The value and importance of the collections of fossils, minerals and rocks housed in the Geominero Museum is due to their origin, closely related to the Commission for the Geological Map of Spain, the germ institution of the current Geological and Mining Institute of Spain. Joaquín Gonzalo y Tarín was commissioned to carry out geological research in the province of Granada. In order to carry out these geological studies, many fossils were collected and taxonomically identified. These specimens later became part of the bulk of the material deposited in the rock collection repository of the Commission for the Geological Map of Spain, the origin of the future Museum that was inaugurated in 1927. However, the documentation corresponding to these collections has suffered some damage over time, so that on many occasions it is necessary to carry out arduous research work to establish its authorship. It is precisely this work that has led to the identification of fossils collected by Gonzalo y Tarín in the province of Granada. It is a set of 84 specimens, among the 199 records that currently make up the total collection of the Granada fossils deposited in the Geominero Museum. A catalogue of them all has been prepared, describing the labelling stuck and/or attached presented by each record, typifying two new types of labels related to the Commission.
Education and science to safeguard the human right to water: the role of groundwater
Authors: Custodio Emilio 
Published: September 2021

All human beings have the right to be able to access the water they need for their reasonable subsistence, in quantity, quality, place, and time, and according to what is common in their surroundings. This is a right which is external to the person. When water is available to the person, the right is not in exclusivity, but implies the obligation to share it with other neighbours and society, so they can also exert their right to get water in quantity and quality. When water is not available, the right is to access it. This involves duties, such as contributing to the effort and cost of making water available and its safe disposal in the environment. Besides water being a vital resource, it is an essential part of the environment, which provides important ecological functions and services to mankind. Furthermore, water has an economic value as a factor of production. Thus, there is competition for the use of water and at the same time complementarity between water use and the environment, nuanced by the economic and social value of water. This brings ethical and moral considerations, based on scientific principles and applying to technological developments. Science is the necessary basis for understanding what is needed for sound governance. However, economic and social considerations dominate the scene, with the related ethical and moral conditions. Good water quality is an aspect which is equally or more important than quantity as far as the human right to water is concerned. Groundwater plays a key and often decisive role, due to its ubiquity, large aquifer storage, long associated response to external action and complex relationships with the other components of the hydrological cycle.
Impact analysis and update to 2018 of the economic and social value of the MAGNA Plan (geological mapping at 1:50,000 scale)
Authors: Herrero de Egaña Alfonso , Vivancos José , García-Cortés Ángel 
Published: September 2021

In a study published in 2005, García-Cortés and colleagues developed a social and economic evaluation for the MAGNA Plan (García-Cortés et al, 2005a) based on the value that user companies assigned to this product, their willingness to pay for these maps and if they are currently not available their willingness to pay for the necessary costs for the geological investment. This new study is based on the above precedent, first by analyzing the impact of its dissemination in scientific publications, and second by updating up to 2018 the economic and social value of the MAGNA Plan (Geological Map of Spain at 1:50,000 scale). The authors have applied the methodology developed in 2005 to the new data available from 2004 to 2018, in order to be able to update the value of the cumulative number of MAGNA geological survey sheets sold to companies. The new evaluation process has also allowed us to highlight some additional issues of interest, such as the different demand profiles for each of the various user types of geological maps in Spain and the excellent economic returns achieved by the Spanish public investment in the MAGNA Plan, thanks to the substantial savings generated by the different users of the maps in the development of their business activities, and finally regarding the potential impact of the current IGME (Spanish Geological Survey) free electronic downloading of the scientific dissemination of geological knowledge.
Louis-Joseph Proust and the first analysis of Asturian coal. Chronicle of some forgotten chemical tests in the mining-industrial history of Asturias
Authors: González Prieto Luis Aurelio , González-Pumariega Solís Pelayo , González Palomares David 
Published: September 2021

Mining historiography has considered that the first chemical tests of Asturian coal were carried out in the early 1840s by the English chemist Thomas Cooper and the French engineer Adrien Paillette, and were of low scientific quality and the result of the urgency of the economic and business interests of the moment. For his part, Jovellanos reported that after the creation of the Trubia Munitions Factory, Louis-Joseph Proust had participated in the tests carried out in his smelting furnaces, without further investigation on this matter. It was not until 1986 that Luis Adaro Ruíz-Falcó published a document that refers the shipment of Langreo coal to the laboratory of the Artillery School of Segovia, to be analyzed by Proust and to study the possibility of using them as fuel to obtain quality iron in the Trubia furnaces, although he regretted not having located the results of the same. The digitization of a large number of scientific publications and magazines from the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, has allowed us to find two completely forgotten texts of Proust in which he describes the different Asturian coal analyzed, as well as the results obtained, comparing them with others of English origin and from various parts of Spain (Bélmez, Extremadura and Villanueva del Río). We consider that making these important documents known and integrating them in the context of the time period in which they were produced, constitutes a significant contribution to the industrial-mining history of Asturias.
Ziziphus oenoplia Mill.: A Systematic Review on Ethnopharmacology,
Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of an Important Traditional Medicinal
Plant
Authors: Nahrin Afsana , Junaid Md. , Afrose Syeda Samira , Barua Antica , Akter Yeasmin , Alam Muhammad Shaiful , Sharmin Tania , Ferdousy Sakia , Hosen S.M. Zahid 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Ziziphus oenoplia Mill. (Family- Rhamnaceae) an important shrub, often
found throughout the hot regions of tropical Asia and northern Australia, is commonly well known as
Jackal jujube in English. It is a folk herbal medicine used as an abdominal pain killer and antidiarrhoeal
agent.

Objective:
The review aims to provide up-to-date information on the vernacular information, botanical
characterization, distribution, ethnopharmacological uses, pharmacological activities, and chemical
constituents of Z. oenoplia for possible exploitation of treatment for various diseases and to suggest
future investigations.

Method:
This review was performed by studying online resources relating to Z. oenoplia and diverse
resources, including scientific journals, books, and worldwide accepted databases from which information
was assembled to accumulate significant information and relevant data in one place.

Results:
Investigations on Z. oenoplia have been focused on its pharmacological activities, including
its antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antihepatotoxic, antiulcer, antiplasmodial, anticancer, wound healing,
anthelmintic, antioxidant, analgesic and antinociceptive, hypolipidemic activity, anti-inflammatory,
immunomodulatory and antidiarrheal activities. Phytochemical studies resulted in the isolation of fatty
acids, flavonoids, phenols, pentacyclic triterpenes, hydroxycarboxylic acids, aliphatic hydroxy ether,
and cyclopeptide alkaloids.

Conclusions:
Most of the ethnopharmacological relevance of Z. oenoplia is justified, but more studies
are needed. Further investigations are necessary to fully understand the mode of action of the active
constituents and to exploit its preventive and therapeutic potentials.
Ru Nanoparticle Functionalized Silica Nanotubes as a Catalyst for CO2
Hydrogenation Reaction
Authors: Srivastava Vivek 
Published: September 2021

:
The catalytic display of supported heterogeneous catalysts is essentially reliant on their
constitutive elements, including active species and supports. Accordingly, the scheme and development
of active catalysts with synergistically enhanced outcomes between active sites and supports
are of high importance. A simple NaBH4 reduction method was used to synthesize cylindrical
amine-functionalized silica nanotubes supported Ru catalyst (ASNT@Ru catalyst), including
amine functionality. The physicochemical properties of the material were analyzed by various analytical
methods such as SEM-TEM analysis, N2 physisorption, ICP-OES, XPS, etc., and all the data
were found in good agreement with each other. Amine-free SNT support using the calcination
process was also synthesized to examine the effect of amine in ASNT support on the uniform Ru
dispersion. Taking advantage of the fundamental physical and chemical properties of ASNT support
and well-distributed Ru NPs, the ASNT@Ru catalyst was utilized for CO2 hydrogenation reaction,
which gave excellent catalytic activity/ stability in terms of a good quantity of the formic.
Catalysts recycling was recorded five times, and formic acid was obtained in good quantity.