bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Luminol‐bubble‐tea – antioxidants and the glow of the alginate balls
Authors: Diekemper Dominik , Baltjan Gudrun , Schwarzer Stefan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractVielfach begegnen Antioxidantien Schülerinnen und Schülern im Alltag: In Lebensmitteln, Kosmetika oder in speziellem Functional Food. Bei der Behandlung von Redox‐Reaktionen oder Lebensmittelzusatzstoffen im Chemieunterricht werden Antioxidantien häufig thematisiert, oftmals aber ohne einen motivierenden Kontext zu schaffen und ohne die chemischen Hintergründe der Antioxidantien genauer zu beleuchten. Das hier vorgestellte Experiment verbindet dabei diese chemischen Sachverhalte mit der bekannten Luminol‐Reaktion und dem Trend des Bubble Teas. Als Modellsubstanz kann zusätzlich Hydroxytyrosol, ein Antioxidans aus der Olive, das in großen Mengen als Abfallprodukt bei der Olivenölherstellung anfällt, dienen.
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the chest wall in an adolescent patient: A case report and brief review of the literature
Authors: Goldenberg Marti , Ramgopal Archana (AR) , Salgado Cláudia M. , Reyes‐Múgica Miguel , Malek Marcus M. , Tersak Jean M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundMesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a rare and aggressive bone tumor with few reports of primary tumor in the chest wall.CaseWe report a case of a 17‐year‐old male presenting with back pain and a posterior mediastinal mass. Imaging demonstrated what was thought to be a benign chondral tumor. The patient underwent resection which confirmed extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. The patient declined proposed adjuvant chemotherapy and underwent multiple resections for rapid local reoccurrence. He ultimately elected for hospice care.ConclusionThe case highlights the importance of close disease monitoring and exploration of treatment options, given lack of established guidelines and consistent tumor features.
Pharmacokinetics of Meloxicam Tablets in Healthy Chinese Adults in the Fasting and Fed States: A Single‐Site, Single‐Dose, Randomized, Open, 2‐Period, 2‐Sequence, Crossover Bioequivalence Study
Authors: Yu Jin , Wang Yannan , Wu Yi , Lin Sisi , Hao Rui , Fang Lu , Zhu Jingjing , Zhao Di , Tong Shengjia , Si Yongkai , Ye Tiantian , Wu Zeyu , Huang Hui , Zhou Feifei , Wang Ying 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMeloxicam is an enolate nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory agent. This trial investigated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and bioequivalence of single oral doses of Aomei meloxicam (15 mg) and Mobic meloxicam (15 mg) in healthy volunteers under fasting and fed conditions. A single‐site, single‐dose, randomized, open, 2‐period, 2‐sequence, crossover bioequivalence study was performed: 24 healthy volunteers were enrolled in each of the fasting and fed arms. Each HV was randomly assigned to receive the Aomei drug (test) in one period and the Mobic drug (reference) in the other period. The concentration of meloxicam in plasma was detected using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The primary pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a noncompartmental model. In the fasting arm, the 90% confidence interval of the geometric mean ratios of maximum plasma concentration, area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to the last measurable plasma concentration, and area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to infinity between the test and reference products were 99.5% to 111.7%, 101.2% to 106.8%, and 101.8% to 108.3%, respectively. In the fed arm, the 3 parameters were 94.1% to 102.4%, 97.6% to 103.0%, and 97.5% to 103.7%, respectively. These parameters were in the range of 80% to 125%, and the 2 products were considered bioequivalent in both the fasting and fed states and were well tolerated. The severity of all adverse events was mild. Aomei meloxicam tablets and Mobic meloxicam tablets were bioequivalent in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Semiarid grasslands and extreme precipitation events: do experimental results scale to the landscape?
Authors: Post Alison K. , Davis Kristin P. , LaRoe Jillian , Hoover David L. , Knapp Alan K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe frequency and magnitude of deluges (extremely large rain events) are increasing globally as the atmosphere warms. Small‐scale experiments suggest that semiarid grasslands are particularly sensitive to both the timing and size of deluge events. However, the assumption that plot‐scale results can be extrapolated across landscapes with variable soil textures, plant communities, and grazing regimes has seldom been tested, despite being key to forecasting regional consequences of precipitation extremes. We used precipitation data from an extensive rain gauge network to identify natural deluges (mean size = 60 ± 31 mm, 1984–2012) that occurred across a ˜60‐km2 heterogeneous native shortgrass steppe landscape in Colorado. We then related spatial variation in deluge precipitation to postdeluge responses in canopy greenness (normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) via satellite imagery. Consistent with results from experiments, this semiarid grassland was most sensitive to mid–growing‐season deluges, and postdeluge canopy greenness usually increased linearly (67% of the time) with increasing deluge size. This suggests that aboveground productivity in these semiarid systems will likely increase, rather than asymptote, with forecasted increases in deluge size. Importantly, differences in grazing regime did not significantly alter deluge responses, indicating that these patterns are robust to this widespread management practice.
Potential use of wood pyrolysis coproducts: A review
Authors: Pereira Emanuele Graciosa , Fauller Humberto , Magalhães Mateus , Guirardi Bruna , Martins Marcio Arêdes 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe wood carbonization is made at an enclosed environment with controlled addition of atmospheric air producing, besides charcoal, other coproducts such as condensable and non‐condensable gases. These gases, which represent 70% of the dry wood mass, are released into the atmosphere, decreasing air quality and producing environmental and social impacts. In this context, it is necessary to develop technologies capable to convert these gases into usable products or transform them into heat and power. The incineration of gases from charcoal kilns opens new opportunities of business because the energy provided by burners can be utilized for drying the wood to be introduced into the kilns and for generation of electricity. On the other hand, condensable gases can also be used on a route to recover and purify the pyroligneous acid. Pyroligneous acid finds application in diverse areas, as antiseptic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, herbicide, pesticide, plant growth enhancer, antitermitic activities; is a source for valuable chemicals; and provides smoked flavor and aroma for food. The main objective of this review is to explore the potential use of wood pyrolysis coproducts, aiming to subsidize and to encourage the technological development of equipment for use of these coproducts. This paper highlights the potential benefits arising from pyroligneous acid application and discusses the charcoal cogeneration technologies.
Application of microfluidic paper‐based analytical device (μPAD) to detect COVID‐19 in energy deprived countries
Authors: Chowdury Mosfera A. , Khalid Farrukh 
Published: June 2021

SummaryCoronavirus disease (COVID‐19) has spread all across the world. Low‐ and medium‐income countries are more affected economically and socially compared to developed countries due to the lack of a rapid, robust, and affordable testing infrastructure. Furthermore, the high cost of real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system, sophisticated user‐handling procedure, and high expense of the conventional clinical tests are the root causes of the less accessibility of the testing systems to the users. In this study, a COVID‐19 Point‐of‐Care (POC) ecosystem model is proposed for the low‐ and medium‐income countries (or energy deprived countries) that will facilitate the technological development with locally available fabrication components. In addition, the nontechnological development phases have also been discussed, which encompasses the collaboration among academia, local as well as government bodies, and entrepreneurial ventures. In addition, a hypothetical design of a microfluidic paper‐based analytical (μPADs) POC platform is proposed to detect COVID‐19 analyte using unprocessed patient‐derived saliva, which is a miniaturized form‐factor of conventional real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The device contains four major reaction zones, which are sample zone, buffer zone, loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) Master Mix zone, Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) zone, and sensor zone. To obtain quicker test results and easier operation, a handheld image acquisition technique is introduced in this study. It is hypothesized that in a remote setting, the proposed design could be used as an initial guideline to develop a POC COVID‐19 testing system, which may be simple, easy‐to‐use, and cost‐effective.
FIRST‐IN‐HUMAN STUDY OF THE EZH1 AND EZH2 DUAL INHIBITOR VALEMETOSTAT TOSYLATE (DS‐3201B) IN PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY NON‐HODGKIN LYMPHOMAS
Authors: Ishitsuka K , Izutsu K , Maruyama D , Makita S , Jacobsen E. D , Horwitz S , Kusumoto S , Allen P , Porcu P , Imaizumi Y , Yamauchi N , Morishima S , Kawamata T. , Foss F. M , Utsunomiya A , Nosaka K , Serbest G , Kato K , Adachi N , Tsukasaki K , Tobinai K 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroduction: Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and its close homolog, EZH1, catalyze the attachment of 3 methyl groups to histone H3 at lysine 27. Altered EZH2 expression is implicated in the etiology of non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). Valemetostat tosylate (DS‐3201b; valemetostat) is a novel, potent, and selective dual inhibitor of EZH2 and EZH1.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Intraoperative imaging device for glioblastoma multiforme surgery: Review of Raman‐based intraoperative imaging and introduction of a novel handheld probe technology
Authors: Behbahani Mandana , Keisham Bijentimala , Rosinski Clayton L. , Berry Vikas , Mehta Ankit I. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. Degree of resection contributes greatly to improved prognosis. Review of the literature for intraoperative hand‐held Raman probes technology to enhance maximal gross total resection was conducted. Additionally, we introduce study of Raman shift of graphene, as the biosensing interface with tumor, to enhance the current model of hand‐held probes. Retrospective analysis of the literature was conducted using pubMed database to delineate various intraoperative hand‐held probes with a particular focus on Raman spectroscopic (RS) technology in neuronal tissue. Summary of our group's recent publications in this area is included. Literature review demonstrates ability of Raman Spectroscopy (RS) to distinguish normal glial tissue from that of pathologic tissue (GBM) with great accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Furthermore, addition of nano sensors, such as gold particles, has proven successful in enhancing the detection of tumor and normal brain interface. Our work has previously demonstrated graphene as a feasible biosensor to be used in conjunction with RS in detecting GBM cells. Intra operative handheld Raman probes (RP) have advanced overtime as an additive tool to help surgeons clearly distinguish tumor and normal brain interface. Optimal biosensors can significantly enhance the detection of such margins, thereby, aiding in more precise gross total resection.
Dual‐Comb Femtosecond Solid‐State Laser with Inherent Polarization‐Multiplexing
Authors: Kowalczyk Maciej , Sterczewski Łukasz , Zhang Xuzhao , Petrov Valentin , Wang Zhengping , Sotor Jarosław 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDual‐comb spectroscopy is a rapidly developing technique enabling ultraprecise broadband optical diagnostics of atoms and molecules. This powerful tool typically requires two phase‐locked femtosecond lasers, yet it has been shown that it can be realized without any stabilization if the combs are generated from a single laser cavity. Still, unavoidable intrinsic relative phase fluctuations always set a limit on the precision of any spectroscopic measurements, hitherto limiting the applicability of bulk dual‐comb lasers for mode‐resolved studies. Here, a versatile concept for low‐noise dual‐comb generation from a single‐cavity femtosecond solid‐state laser based on intrinsic polarization‐multiplexing inside an optically anisotropic gain crystal is demonstrated. Due to intracavity spatial separation of the orthogonally polarized beams, two sub‐100 fs pulse trains are simultaneously generated from a 1.05 µm Yb:CNGS (calcium niobium gallium silicate) oscillator with a repetition rate difference of 4.7 kHz. The laser exhibits the lowest relative noise ever demonstrated for a bulk dual‐comb source, supporting free‐running mode‐resolved spectroscopic measurements over a second. Moreover, the developed dual‐comb generation technique can be applied to any solid‐state laser exploiting a birefringent active crystal, paving the way toward a new class of highly coherent, single‐cavity, dual‐comb laser sources operating in various spectral regions.
Dorsal Hand Vein Recognition Using Very Deep Learning
Authors: Kumar Rajendra , Singh Ram C. , Kant Shri 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDesigning a deep neural network for multiclass classification is a challenging task in comparison to binary classification. In this paper, a very deep learning model for dorsal hand vein recognition is presented. Deep learning models may contain hundreds of hidden layers. The increase in layers makes a model complex and it takes much time to train especially on CPU instead of GPU. The proposed model consists of network of Convolution layers and ReLU layers followed by one Global Average Pooling layer and two dense layers. To keep the model stable, batch normalization is applied on input and hidden layers and Adam optimizer is used to optimize the model. For the training and testing purpose two self‐constructed datasets are used, first having 1200 dorsal hand vein images of children of age ranging from 5 to 12 years and second having 2000 dorsal hand vein images from 100 adults. The accuracy of the proposed model is compared with two recent contributions, which also used self‐constructed datasets. The accuracy of the proposed system observed is 98.33% when trained and tested with children' dataset, and 100% when trained and tested with adults' dataset.
Footprint Identification: Review of an Emerging Biometric Trait
Authors: Khokher Rohit , Singh Ram Chandra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBiometric systems are progressively replacing traditional password‐based and token‐based validation systems. Security and acknowledgment precision are the two most significant viewpoints to be considered in developing a biometric system. Today, biometric has been effectively conveyed in different fields like criminological science, security, distinguishing proof, and approval systems. In this study, a complete survey is introduced to reveal insight into the most recent advancements in the investigation of footprint‐based individual recognition covering different angles that have been utilized by scientists to improve this biometric modality. The paper presents various techniques developed so far for recognizing a person's identity using foot geometry and footprint structure. Because of a careful examination and conversation, impediments of existing exploration work are discussed and recommendations for future work are given.
Direct detection of ESKAPEc pathogens from whole blood using the T2Bacteria Panel allows early antimicrobial stewardship intervention in patients with sepsis
Authors: Drevinek Pavel , Hurych Jakub , Antuskova Milena , Tkadlec Jan , Berousek Jan , Prikrylova Zuzana , Bures Jiri , Vajter Jaromir , Soucek Martin , Masopust Jan , Martinkova Vendula , Adamkova Jaroslava , Hysperska Veronika , Bebrova Eliska 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the microbiological diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSI), blood culture (BC) is considered the gold standard test despite its limitations such as low sensitivity and slow turnaround time. A new FDA‐cleared and CE‐marked platform utilizing magnetic resonance to detect amplified DNA of the six most common and/or problematic BSI pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli; referred to as ESKAPEc) is available and may shorten the time to diagnosis and potentially improve antimicrobial utilization. Whole blood samples from hospitalized patients with clinical signs of sepsis were analyzed using the T2Bacteria Panel (T2Biosystems) and compared to simultaneously collected BC. Discrepant results were evaluated based on clinical infection criteria, combining supporting culture results and the opinion of treating physicians. A total of 55 samples from 53 patients were evaluated. The sensitivity and specificity of the T2Bacteria panel was 94% (16 out of 17 detections of T2Bacteria‐targeted organisms) and 100%, respectively, with 36.4% (8 of 22) causes of BSI detected only by this method. The T2Bacteria Panel detected pathogens on average 55 hours faster than standard BC. In our study, 9 of 15 patients with positive T2Bacteria Panel results received early‐targeted antibiotic therapy and/or modification of antimicrobial treatment based on T2Bacteria Panel findings. Given the high reliability, faster time to detection, and easy workflow, the technique qualifies as a point‐of‐care testing approach.
Evaluation of Individualized Multi‐Disciplinary Inpatient Treatment for Functional Movement Disorders
Authors: Schmidt Tamara , Ebersbach Georg , Oelsner Henriette , Sprock Anette , König Inke R. , Bäumer Tobias , Münchau Alexander , Weissbach Anne 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundFunctional movement disorders (FMD) are associated with considerable morbidity and impairment of quality of life. Specialized treatment is scarce and data on efficacy of different therapies are limited.ObjectiveTo evaluate a multi‐modal inpatient treatment program for patients with FMD.MethodsThirty‐one patients with FMD were analyzed before (t1) and after multi‐modal inpatient treatment (t2) by a blinded video rating using the Psychogenic Movement Disorder Rating Scale (PMDRS), the simplified Functional Movement Disorder Rating Scale (S‐FMDRS), and the Clinical Global Impression Scale of Severity (CGI‐S), as well as patients' self‐rating. In 23 out of 31 patients a 5 months follow‐up investigation was performed (t3). Wilcoxon signed‐rank test and Friedman test were used for rating scale and self‐rating comparisons over time. Spearman correlation was used for correlation of symptom improvement and clinical characteristics.ResultsVideo rating revealed significant reduction of scores after therapy (median PMDRS t1 = 24, t2 = 8, P = 0.0006; S‐FMDRS t1 = 11, t2 = 4, P = 0.008; CGI‐S t1 = 4, t2 = 3, P = 0.000136) with sustained score decrease in follow‐up evaluations (PMDRS t1 = 31, t2 = 8, t3 = 7, P = 0.000032; S‐FMDRS t1 = 12, t2 = 4, t3 = 3, P = 0.000888; CGI‐S t1 = 4, t2 = 3, t3 = 3, P = 0.000032). Patients reported a stable reduction of symptoms in the self‐rating (CGI‐S t1 = 5, t2 = 4, t3 = 4, P = 0.016). Age correlated with treatment response with older patients showing better improvement, but disease duration did not correlate with outcome. Patients who suffered from physical trauma, sexual or physical abuse had smaller score reductions.ConclusionBlinded video and self‐rating assessment showed significant score reduction in patients with FMD after an individualized interdisciplinary inpatient intervention.
Material processing with fast rise and fall time CO2 laser pulses
Authors: Kim Patrick 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe recent growth in the organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) market has resulted in substantial investments in the display industry, particularly from South Korean companies, but also recently from Chinese players, and this trend is expected to continue for a further three to four years. This expansion of the display industry has resulted in a growth of USP laser markets due to the requirement for higher power and more precise processing quality. This industry is prepared to pay for better laser‐based solutions which has fueled the demand for shorter pulsed CO2 lasers for film cutting applications. One of the key features required in the market is to minimize the heat effect on the material during the cutting process.
Determinants and consequences of rural‐to‐urban migration patterns in China: Evidence from sequence analysis
Authors: Chen Zhenxiang , Lu Yao , Treiman Donald J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper adopts a life course perspective that captures the migration trajectory for rural‐to‐urban migrants in China during the observation window. By taking this trajectory approach, we aim to advance the understanding of divergent rural‐to‐urban migration patterns in China and their determinants and consequences. We use data from the Survey of Internal Migration and Health in China (IMHC) and focus on individuals' migration experience between age 14 and 40. First, we apply sequence analysis to characterise the main rural‐to‐urban migration patterns by different timing, duration, frequency, and direction and identify seven common patterns. We next examine the determinants of these patterns. The results suggest that demographic characteristics, socio‐economic background, and hometown characteristics shape migration trajectories in complex ways, highlighting that social origin can substantially determine migration patterns of rural Chinese. Furthermore, we examine via a counterfactual framework how the seven migration patterns shape migrants' occupational attainment while taking account of self‐selection into different migration trajectories. The findings show that (i) there is self‐selection into migration trajectories that has implications for occupational status and (ii) non‐transient adult urban migration is associated with higher occupational attainment whereas other types of migration are not.