bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cold versus hot endoscopic mucosal resection for large sessile colon polyps: a cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Mehta Dhairya , Loutfy Adam H. , Kushnir Vladimir M. , Faulx Ashley L. , Smith Zachary L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background For large sessile colorectal polyps (LSCPs), endoscopic mucosal resection without diathermy (“cold endoscopic mucosal resection [EMR]”) is gaining popularity because of its safety advantages over conventional EMR (“hot EMR”). Polyp recurrence rates have been reported to be higher with cold EMR. Considering these differences, we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis of these two techniques.
Methods A decision analysis model was constructed for EMR of an LSCP. The decision tree incorporated the EMR method, clip use, procedural mortality, adverse events and their management, and polyp recurrence. Outcomes included days of lost productivity and marginal cost difference. Adverse event and recurrence rates were extracted from the existing literature, giving emphasis to recent systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials.
Results Through 30 months of follow-up, the average cost of removing an LSCP by cold EMR was US$5213, as compared to $6168 by hot EMR, yielding a $955 cost difference (95 % confidence interval $903–$1006). Average days of lost productivity were 6.2 days for cold EMR and 6.3 days for hot EMR. This cost advantage remained over several analyses accounting for variations in recurrence rates and clip closure strategies. Clip cost and LSCP recurrence rate had the greatest and the least impacts on the marginal cost difference, respectively.
Conclusion Cold EMR is the dominant strategy over hot EMR, with lower cost and fewer days of lost productivity. In theory, a complete transition to cold EMR for LSCPs in the USA could result in an annual cost saving approaching US$7 million to Medicare beneficiaries.
Tumor fibroso solitario gigante de pleura. Serie de casos
Authors: Fino-Velásquez Laura Marcela , Ojeda-León Paulina , Granada-Camacho Julio César , López-Ordoñez Mario , Parrado-Delgado Mónica , Carrilo-Bayona Jorge Alberto 
Published: March 2021

Resumen
Introducción El tumor fibroso solitario de pleura (TFSP) es una neoplasia poco frecuente, con aproximadamente 1.000 casos reportados en la literatura mundial. La aproximación diagnóstica inicial se realiza con estudios imagenológicos.
Métodos De forma retrospectiva, se recopilaron cuatro casos de pacientes con TFSP gigante operados en nuestra institución. Se describen las características sociodemográficas, clínicas, imagenológicas, macroscópicas y microscópicas de cada caso.
Resultados Todos los pacientes de la serie cursaron con manifestaciones clínicas, con un promedio de 23,75 meses de evolución. El 50% de los tumores se localizaron en la cavidad pleural derecha y el 50% en la izquierda. En tomografía computarizada (TC) de tórax, los cuatro casos se presentaron como una masa sólida, de densidad heterogénea, con diámetros mayores entre 17 y 22 cm y contornos variables (lisos en tres casos y lobulados en un paciente). Se observaron calcificaciones intratumorales en dos casos y derrame pleural en tres pacientes. En cirugía, todas las masas presentaron pedículos. El análisis histológico e inmuno-químico confirmó la naturaleza benigna de tres casos y malignidad en una de las neoplasias.
Conclusiones Los TFSP generalmente son benignos y de buen pronóstico. Sin embargo, entre 10 y 20% de esos tumores son malignos. Las imágenes diagnósticas pueden sugerir el diagnóstico de TFSP, pero la confirmación de la naturaleza de la lesión debe realizarse con el análisis histopatológico de toda la pieza quirúrgica.
Opioid Free Cardiac Anesthesia
Authors: Ramaswamy Karunakaran 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOpioids are one of the effective forms of analgesia for acute pain in the perioperative period but, with overprescription, have become detrimental to public health. There has been a steady increase in opioid consumption and the number of opioid-related deaths, and the U.S. government has declared the opioid epidemic as a public health emergency. Anesthesiologists have a responsibility as the first exposure to opioids was during the perioperative period in the majority of cases. Acute tolerance and hyperalgesia are well known after opioid use in the postoperative opioid further increasing opioid consumption. More importantly, anesthesiologists have no control after the postoperative period, where the prescriptions continue to be repeated from general practice physicians. We have a moral responsibility to reduce opioid use to avoid it if feasible.
A Survey of Neonatal Nurses on Mydriatic Regimens Used in Neonatal Retinopathy of Prematurity Eye Examinations
Authors: Kremer Lisa , Reith David , Medlicott Natalie J. , Sime Mary J. , Edmonds Liza , Broadbent Roland 
Published: March 2021

Objective This study was aimed to determine mydriatic regimen(s) used in neonatal units in Aotearoa, New Zealand (NZ), and Australia and to estimate the frequency of adverse drug events following mydriatic administration in preterm neonates.
Study Design A cross-sectional survey was sent to neonatal nursing staff listed in the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network contact list. Participants were asked to state what mydriatic regimen they use, and to estimate the frequency of adverse drug events when eye drops were administered for retinopathy of prematurity eye examinations (ROPEE).
Results Thirteen different mydriatic regimens were identified; phenylephrine 2.5% and cyclopentolate 0.5% (1 standard drop of each) was the most commonly used regimen. Two of the regimens exceeded adult doses and five regimens included a mydriatic that is equivalent to an adult dose. Following mydriatic instillation, the three most common adverse effects were apnea, tachycardia, and periorbital pallor.
Conclusion Low-concentration single-microdrop regimens are currently in use and resulting in successful ROPEE, yet doses exceeding adult doses are in use throughout Aotearoa, NZ, and Australian units. We know from this dataset that neonates are experiencing unwanted and potentially preventable, adverse effects associated with mydriatics, and every effort should be made to minimize this risk.
Key Points
Detecting telecom single photons with 99.5−2.07+0.5% system detection efficiency and high time resolution
Authors: Chang J. , Los J. W. N. , Tenorio-Pearl J. O. , Noordzij N. , Gourgues R. , Guardiani A. , Zichi J. R. , Pereira S. F. , Urbach H. P. , Zwiller V. , Dorenbos S. N. , Esmaeil Zadeh I. 
Published: March 2021

Single photon detectors are indispensable tools in optics, from fundamental measurements to quantum information processing. The ability of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) to detect single photons with unprecedented efficiency, short dead time, and high time resolution over a large frequency range enabled major advances in quantum optics. However, combining near-unity system detection efficiency (SDE) with high timing performance remains an outstanding challenge. In this work, we fabricated novel SNSPDs on membranes with 99.5−2.07+0.5% SDE at 1350 nm with 32 ps timing jitter (using a room-temperature amplifier), and other detectors in the same batch showed 94%–98% SDE at 1260–1625 nm with 15–26 ps timing jitter (using cryogenic amplifiers). The SiO2/Au membrane enables broadband absorption in small SNSPDs, offering high detection efficiency in combination with high timing performance. With low-noise cryogenic amplifiers operated in the same cryostat, our efficient detectors reach a timing jitter in the range of 15–26 ps. We discuss the prime challenges in optical design, device fabrication, and accurate and reliable detection efficiency measurements to achieve high performance single photon detection. As a result, the fast developing fields of quantum information science, quantum metrology, infrared imaging, and quantum networks will greatly benefit from this far-reaching quantum detection technology.
Disentangling perceptual awareness from nonconscious processing in rhesus monkeys (
Macaca mulatta
)
Authors: Ben-Haim Moshe Shay , Dal Monte Olga , Fagan Nicholas A. , Dunham Yarrow , Hassin Ran R. , Chang Steve W. C. , Santos Laurie R. 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Many animals perform complex intelligent behaviors, but the question of whether animals are aware while doing so remains a long debated but unanswered question. Here, we develop a new approach to assess whether nonhuman animals have awareness by utilizing a well-known double dissociation of visual awareness—cases in which people behave in completely opposite ways when stimuli are processed consciously versus nonconsciously. Using this method, we found that a nonhuman species—the rhesus monkey—exhibits the very same behavioral signature of both nonconscious and conscious processing. This opposite double dissociation of awareness firstly allows stripping away the long inherent ambiguity when interpreting the processes governing animal behavior. Collectively, it provides robust support for two distinct awareness modes in nonhuman animals.
A unique Malpighian tubule architecture in
Tribolium castaneum
informs the evolutionary origins of systemic osmoregulation in beetles
Authors: Koyama Takashi , Naseem Muhammad Tayyib , Kolosov Dennis , Vo Camilla Trang , Mahon Duncan , Jakobsen Amanda Sofie Seger , Jensen Rasmus Lycke , Denholm Barry , O’Donnell Michael , Halberg Kenneth Veland 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Beetles are the most diverse animal group on the planet. Their evolutionary success suggests unique physiological adaptations in overcoming water stress, yet the mechanisms underlying this ability are unknown. Here we use molecular genetic, electrophysiology, and behavioral studies to show that a group of brain neurons responds to osmotic disturbances by releasing diuretic hormones that regulate salt and water balance. These hormones bind to their receptor exclusively localized to a unique secondary cell in the Malpighian tubules to modulate fluid secretion and organismal water loss. This tubule architecture, common to all higher beetle families, is novel within the insects, and provides an important clue to the evolutionary success of the beetles in colonizing an astounding range of habitats on Earth.
Hypogeococcus pungens (cactus mealybug).
Authors: Whittaker Angela 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

The mealybug Hypogeococcus pungens is native to South America. It was first used as a biological control agent of invasive cacti in the subfamily Cactoideae in Queensland, Australia, in 1975 and South Africa in 1983, and has since become an invasive species in several other parts of the world, including Europe, North America and the Caribbean, probably through the ornamental plant trade. H. pungens is now a serious pest of the native columnar cacti in the subfamily Cactoideae in Puerto Rico and is a threat to native cacti in Florida and Hawaii (USA), Barbados and other Caribbean islands. H. pungens will probably spread to Mexico, where it may cause similar damage to the rich diversity of cacti. Besides feeding on species in the family Cactaceae, it also feeds on other ornamental plant families, including Portulacaceae, Apocynaceae and Amaranthaceae. H. pungens causes distorted plant growth.
Aromia bungii (red necked longicorn).
Authors: Garonna Antonio P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

A. bungii is native across the south-eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions. It is recorded from China, Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam. A. bungii is an oligophagous species; its host range is largely limited to Prunus spp. Other host plants belonging to different families are reported in the literature, for example, from Ebenaceae (Shandong Academy of Environmental Science, 2009) and Salicaceae (Lei and Zhou, 1998), but sometimes with doubtful supporting evidence. In 2008 three adults of A. bungii were intercepted among wooden pallets in a warehouse in Bristol, UK, and during the same year the pest was intercepted in a manufacturing plant at Seattle, USA. In 2011, A. bungii was recorded for the first time from a host tree in Germany (Bavaria). In 2012, it was also reported in Italy (Campania) and in 2013 a new outbreak was found in Lombardia. In 2013 it was again recorded outside its native area, in Japan. Wood packaging material and nursery plants are potential pathways of accidental introduction. A. bungii is on the EPPO A1 List of quarantine pests (EPPO, 2012c). It presents a significant risk to all stone fruit-growing countries in Europe and neighbouring countries. There is a real risk of economic loss if the pest is not eradicated from Italy and until suitable management practices are put in place.
Maize lethal necrosis disease.
Authors: Oduor Hannah Achieng Chore 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND) is a serious threat to maize production. In Kansas, crop losses due to MLND have been estimated to be 50-90% (Niblett and Claflin, 1978; Uyemoto et al., 1980) depending on the variety of maize and the year. In Peru, losses in floury and sweet maize varieties due to Maize chlorotic mottle virus have been reported to average between 10 and 15%.
Pseudocercospora angolensis (leaf spot of Citrus spp.).
Authors:   USA, USDA-ARS
Published: March 2021

Abstract

P. angolensis is a dematiaceous hyphomycete occurring in sub-Saharan Africa and Yemen. This fungus requires moisture for infection and the production of wind-borne conidia and causes a devastating fruit and leaf spot disease of cultivated species of Citrus. Losses of 50-100% of yield can occur and growers may cease production where the disease is endemic. Although species and cultivars of Citrus vary in susceptibility, no source of resistance is known (Kuate, 1998). An A1 quarantine pest for Europe and the Mediterranean region (EPPO, 2009), this fungus is also of concern for other warm humid regions where citrus is grown, such as Florida, USA. Other than by wind, conidia can be transported on infected fruit or propagated material.
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (potato ring rot).
Authors: de Boer Solke 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus has the propensity to exist asymptomatically as latent infections in potato (Solanum tuberosum); it is not known to naturally infect other plant species. Inadvertent dissemination of the bacterium to new places of production occurs with the movement of latently infected seed tubers used for planting. The bacterium also spreads from infected tubers through direct contact and by contamination of equipment used for potato production such as seed cutters, planters, harvesters, transport vehicles, storages, etc. C. michiganensis subp. sepedonicus survives for extended periods of many months to years in a dry and cool environment. Hence its persistence on farm equipment, in storages, and on transport vehicles is an important means by which the bacterium is maintained and spread within farm units and disseminated to other production units. It persists in the field in unharvested potato tubers (i.e. volunteers or ground keepers) and in infected potato plant debris.
Cherry leaf roll virus (walnut ringspot).
Authors: Von Bargen Susanne , Büttner Carmen , Langer Juliane 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Seed transmission of CLRV is a threat to gene bank contamination. CLRV-contaminated vegetative propagation material and seeds are prone to extremely long-distance transport. Due to this risk potential, CLRV is included in the list of plant viruses that should be closely monitored during sanitary production of propagative material, especially for walnut and olive trees (Bassi and Martelli, 2003). CLRV is treated as an A2 quarantine pathogen in Rubus in the EPPO region, a virus-free certification scheme for Rubus was developed by OEPP/EPPO (1994). In cherry (Kegler et al., 1972; Bush, 2005), walnut (Mircetich et al., 1980; Delbos et al., 1983; Nemeth et al., 1990) and olive production areas, CLRV infections are consistently occurring (Langer et al., 2010; Büttner et al., 2011); crop losses due to CLRV infections were reported for cherry (Kegler et al., 1972; Bush, 2005), walnut (Mircetich et al., 1980; Delbos et al., 1983; Nemeth et al., 1990) and raspberry (Jones and Wood, 1978).In birch species native to Fennoscandia virus-like symptoms on leaves (vein banding, leaf roll, mottling), partially adherent with progressive loss of vitality or death of twigs and branches have been spreading rapidly since 2002 with up to 85% of the tested trees being infected with CLRV (Jalkanen et al., 2007; von Bargen et al., 2009a).
Cyperus difformis (small-flowered nutsedge).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

C. difformis is a sedge which is listed in Holm's list of the world's worst weeds, being a problem especially in rice, sugarcane, tea and maize. It is a dominant weed in direct-seeded rice when it occurs in high plant densities; forms dense mats of vegetation in the young crop and can cause rice yield losses of 12-50%. It is native to the tropics of the Old World, but is spreading well outside its native range. It has a relatively short generation period of as little as 4 to 6 weeks from seed to seed. It can spread along waterways and grow in disturbed sites, lake margins and on river banks.
Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

The basal bulb and tubers are the organs for vegetative propagation of C. esculentus, as well as the short-lived rhizomes, which extend for 5-30 cm, or sometimes further, before turning up and forming a further shoot and basal bulb, or a dormant tuber. The rhizomes occasionally branch, but have no viable buds at their nodes, and they decay at the end of the growing season. The number of rhiozomes is unaffected by photoperiod but tuber formation is promoted in short photoperiods (Holm et al., 1977). In the southern USA, only new shoots and basal bulbs are formed at day lengths over 14 hours, whereas all rhizomes terminate in tubers as soon as days are shorter than 14 hours (Jansen, 1971).
Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

C. rotundus has been considered as one of the world's worst weeds. It has been reported in more than 90 countries where it grows as a weed infesting at least 52 different crops worldwide (Holm et al. 1977). It grows in all types of soils and can also survive high temperatures. C. rotundus can be found in a wide variety of habitats including cultivated fields, waste areas, roadsides, pastures, riverbanks, sandbanks, irrigation channels, river and stream shores and natural areas. It is considered a headache for gardeners and farmers because of its insidious and rapid growth and its herbicide tolerance. C. rotundus produces an extensive system of underground tubers from which they can regenerate and consequently is very difficult to control once it is established (USDA-NRCS, 2014).
Diatraea saccharalis (sugarcane stalk borer).
Authors: Beuzelin J , Huang F , Reagan T. E , Stout M J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

D. saccharalis is generally considered to be a pest of substantial economic importance. The extent of economic losses may vary depending on factors such as environmental conditions and sugarcane varieties. Losses to the sugarcane borer often vary across geographic regions (e.g. crop losses to the borer in Louisiana), USA may range from 4-30% annually, possibly twice as high as in Florida (Ingram et al., 1951).
Jatropha curcas (jatropha).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Pasiecznik Nick 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

After introduction into Asian countries, J. curcas has spread very rapidly, and due to its ethnobotanical uses, promotion as an ornamental and hedge plant encouraged its further spread. For farmers, plantation owners and foresters, this promotion is becoming a problem. After recent research on its use as a potential biofuel crop, the governments of many Asian countries, including India, are promoting its commercial cultivation. This may cause further damage to ecosystems and natural biodiversity. A number of risk assessments for invasiveness have given J. curcas a high risk of becoming invasive (Gordon et al., 2011; Negussie et al., 2013a), although field studies have not always found actual evidence of spread or environmental impact (Negussie et al., 2015).
Mimosa diplotricha (creeping sensitive plant).
Authors: Parker Chris 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

M. diplotricha (syn. M. invisa) is a small, often scrambling, neotropical shrub that has invaded many countries in the old tropics and many oceanic islands. In recent decades it has spread to new regions and has the potential to invade more tropical areas. It forms impenetrable spiny thickets that invade highly disturbed sites, but agricultural systems in particular. The shrub produces large quantities of seeds at an early age and has a persistent seed bank. It is extremely difficult to control effectively using mechanical or chemical means, however, biological control programmes have had a large degree of success.
Monilinia fructigena (brown rot).
Authors:   USA, USDA-ARS
Published: March 2021

Abstract

M. fructigena is one of several apothecial ascomycetes causing brown rot and blossom blight of stone fruit and pome fruit trees worldwide. It has a more restricted distribution than the other species, occurring in Europe and Asia, but not in North America. Reports of its occurrence in South America are likely to be errors in identification. Recent identification of a new species in Japan suggests that it may not be present there, as previously thought, and reports from other parts of eastern Asia may have to be re-examined. It is a quarantine pest for Canada, the USA, Australia and New Zealand. One unusual introduction to the USA was resolved by eradication (Batra, 1979; Ogawa and English, 1991). Introduction could occur through the importation of infected fruit as well as of tree material for propagation and breeding, from which it could spread readily by means of conidia carried by the wind or insects.
Phyllachora maydis (black spot of maize).
Authors:   USA, USDA-ARS
Published: March 2021

Abstract

P. maydis, a perithecial ascomycete, causes a tar spot disease of maize that is usually a minor problem. More significant damage to leaves and yield is caused by the fungus Monographella maydis whose infection follows that of the tar-spot fungus, at least where studied in Mexico (Hock et al., 1992; 1995). The source of initial inoculum for both fungi is not determined. The disease they cause occurs in the cooler and higher elevations of Mexico, and Central and South America, and the West Indies, so their ability to spread over land through other climatic zones may be limited. Not known to be seedborne or to infect other species, P. maydis could be transported on fresh or dry maize leaves or husks, or products made from them, from which ascospores would have to be produced and carried by wind or rain splash to maize [Zea mays].