bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic Mechanism of the Density and Compressibility Anomalies of Water in the Range -30&lt;T(oC) &lt;100
Authors: Yasutomi Makoto 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Compared to normal liquids, water exhibits a variety of anomalous thermal behaviors. This fact has been known for centuries. However, the thermodynamic mechanisms behind them have not been elucidated despite the efforts of many researchers. Under such circumstances, the author theoretically reproduced the measured values of the density-temperature curve at 1 atm for water above 0 oC. Then, the mystery of negative thermal expansion was clarified in relation to the shapes of the intermolecular interactions. In this paper, the author develops this line of work further and presents the interactions between water molecules to simultaneously reproduce the measured values of both the density-temperature curve and the isothermal compressibility-temperature curve in the range -30<100 at 1 atm. Then, the thermodynamic mechanism that produces these thermal behaviors is clarified in relation to the shapes of the interactions between molecules. Unraveling the mystery of related phenomena in relation to the shapes of the interaction between molecules has been a traditional and fundamental method in physics since the days of Newton.
Prognostic Value of Radiological Findings Indeterminate for UIP Pattern and Anterior Upper Lobe Honeycomb-like Lesion in Chronic Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with MPO-ANCA
Authors: Yamakawa Hideaki , Sato Shintaro , Nakamura Tomohiko , Nishizawa Tomotaka , Kawabe Rie , Oba Tomohiro , Horikoshi Masanobu , Akasaka Keiichi , Amano Masako , Kuwano Kazuyoshi , Sasaki Hiroki , Matsushima Hidekazu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA) is often positive in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), which is also often present in patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). A possible association between MPO-ANCA, MPA, and idiopathic ILD remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) classification based on recent idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis guideline and specific CT findings can obtain new knowledge of prognostic factors in all MPO-ANCA-positive patients with ILD including both idiopathic ILD and MPA-ILD.Methods: We analyzed 101 consecutive MPO-ANCA-positive patients with respiratory disease. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of CT findings, HRCT pattern, and specific radiological signs. Prognostic predictors were determined using Cox regression models.Results: Subjects with chronic ILD included 22 patients with MPA-ILD and 39 patients with ILD but without MPA. A quarter of the patients were radiological indeterminate for usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern, which resulted in a better prognosis than that for UIP pattern. “Increased attenuation around honeycomb and traction bronchiectasis” and “anterior upper lobe honeycomb-like lesion” were found to be highly frequent radiological findings (39% and 30%, respectively). In addition, the latter finding was a significant negative prognostic factor.Conclusions: Radiological indeterminate for UIP was a useful HRCT classification in MPO-ANCA-positive patients with ILD. In addition, anterior upper lobe honeycomb-like lesion was found to be specific radiological finding that was a significant prognostic factor. The present results might aid in the assessment of appropriate strategies of diagnosis in these patients.
Sophorolipid protects against early-weaning syndrome by improving the gut microenvironment in early-weaned piglets
Authors: Kwak Min-jin , Choi Sun-Woo , Choi Yong-Soon , Lee Hanbae , Whang Kwang-Youn 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
In animals, weaning stress is the first and most critical stress. Weaning can negatively affect the growth performance of animals physically, psychologically, and pathologically. Our previous studies on the HT-29 cell line and early-weaned rats demonstrated that adequate sophorolipid (SPL) supplementation in feed could enhance the mucin-producing and wound healing capacities of the gut defense system by modulating gut microbiota.
Results
Dietary SPL supplementation at 5 and 10 mg/kg quadratically increased the average daily gain during the experimental period in the treatment groups when compared with the control group. The albumin levels of piglets fed with the SPL supplemented diet were downregulated to the normal range. Moreover, in feed, SPL supplementation at 5 and 10 mg/kg improved jejunal histological indices and gene expression levels related to mucin secretion and local inflammation markers. Consistent with these results, adequate SPL supplementation (5 and 10 mg/kg) increased the population of Lactobacillus, a beneficial bacteria, and its short-chain fatty acid production in the ceca of piglets.
Conclusions
The occurrence of diarrhea after weaning in piglets could be reduced by feeding an SPL-supplemented diet which improves the gut defense system by increasing the microbial population and enhancing mucin layer integrity.
Distinct immune cell dynamics mark adverse events and antibody responses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
Authors: Takano Tomohiro , Morikawa Miwa , Adachi Yu , Kabasawa Kiyomi , Sax Nicolas , Moriyama Saya , Sun Lin , Isogawa Masanori , Nishiyama Ayae , Onodera Taishi , Terahara Kazutaka , Tonouchi Keisuke , Nishimura Masashi , Tomii Kentaro , Yamashita Kazuo , Matsumura Takayuki , Shinkai Masaharu , Takahashi Yoshimasa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Pfizer/BioNTec BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine robustly elicits neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in clinical trials and real-world settings. However, booster vaccinations are frequently associated with self-limited adverse events. Here, by applying a high-dimensional immune profiling approach to peripheral blood, we linked early vaccine-induced immune dynamics with adverse events and neutralizing antibody responses. The dynamics of two dendritic cell subsets (DC3s and AS-DCs) were identified as the specific correlates for adverse events; the combination of these cell dynamics stratified the vaccinees with severe reactogenicity, while the stratification did not affect the neutralizing antibody titers. Furthermore, the NKT-like cell dynamics that correlated with adverse events and antibody titers were accounted for distinct magnitudes of both events by sex and age. The identified immune correlates for adverse events and antibody responses may pave the way for a rational vaccine strategy for reducing the reactogenicity of mRNA vaccines without compromising the immunogenicity.
Identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Girijan Sneha Kalasseril , Pillai Devika 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAntibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health around the world, but its spread through the aquatic environment has been often overlooked. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters and their transmission into public water bodies in Kerala, India. A total of 113 S. aureus were isolated from three hospital effluents in Kerala, India. Standard disc diffusion and the strip method were used for antibiotic susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentration detection. Plasmid-mediated vancomycin resistance was confirmed by plasmid curing and conjugation; resistant genes were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nearly 76% of S. aureus isolates were resistant to β-lactams, chloramphenicol, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and glycopeptide class of antibiotics. Among the vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolates, the prevalence rates of vanA and vanB resistance-encoding genes were 46.5 and 59.3%, respectively. Through the broth mating method, vanA gene was successfully transferred from VRSA donor to vancomycin-sensitive S. aureus. The study strongly indicates the contamination of water bodies with antibiotic-resistant bacteria from hospital discharges, their dissemination and possible transfer to microbes in the aquatic environment, posing a serious threat for public health.
Treatment of GM2 Gangliosidosis in Adult Sandhoff Mice Using an Intravenous
Self-Complementary Hexosaminidase Vector
Authors: Walia Jagdeep S. , Osmon Karlaina JL. , Thompson Patrick , Woodley Evan , Karumuthil-Melethil Subha , Heindel Cliff , Keimel John G. , Kaemmerer William F. , Gray Steven J. 
Published: September 2021

Background:
GM2 gangliosidosis is a neurodegenerative, lysosomal storage disease
caused by the deficiency of β-hexosaminidase A enzyme (Hex A), an α/β-subunit heterodimer. A
novel variant of the human hexosaminidase α-subunit, coded by HEX M, has previously been
shown to form a stable homodimer, Hex M, that hydrolyzes GM2 gangliosides (GM2) in vivo.

Materials & Methods:
The current study assessed the efficacy of intravenous (IV) delivery of a
self-complementary adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (scAAV9) vector incorporating the HEXM
transgene, scAAV9/HEXM, including the outcomes based on the dosages provided to the Sandhoff
(SD) mice. Six-week-old SD mice were injected with either 2.5E+12 vector genomes (low dose,
LD) or 1.0E+13 vg (high dose, HD). We hypothesized that when examining the dosage comparison
for scAAV9/HEXM in adult SD mice, the HD group would have more beneficial outcomes
than the LD cohort. Assessments included survival, behavioral outcomes, vector biodistribution,
and enzyme activity within the central nervous system.

Results:
Toxicity was observed in the HD cohort, with 8 of 14 mice dying within one month of the
injection. As compared to untreated SD mice, which have typical survival of 16 weeks, the LD cohort
and the remaining HD mice had a significant survival benefit with an average/median survival
of 40.6/34.5 and 55.9/56.7 weeks, respectively. Significant behavioral, biochemical and molecular
benefits were also observed. The second aim of the study was to investigate the effects of IV mannitol
infusions on the biodistribution of the LD scAAV9/HEXM vector and the survival of the SD
mice. Increases in both the biodistribution of the vector as well as the survival benefit (average/median
of 41.6/49.3 weeks) were observed.

Conclusion:
These results demonstrate the potential benefit and critical limitations of the treatment
of GM2 gangliosidosis using IV delivered AAV vectors.
Poly (Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose) Polymerase-1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
in the 3'-Untranslated Region for Ischemic Stroke Risk Reduction
Authors: Gu Lujun , Xu Gangtao , Liu Dinghua 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
To determine the effect of PARP1 polymorphism on gene interactions.

Methods:
A total of 500 patients and 500 healthy controls were enrolled.

Results:
Analysis of clinical data showed that patients with stroke, diabetes, hypertension, and elevated
serum triglyceride levels had higher levels of alcohol and smoking. The polymorphism of
PARP1rs8679 was inversely associated with the risk of ischemic stroke. Patients with PARP1rs8679AG/
GG genotypes had a lower incidence of an initial stroke. Compared with the wild
genotype, mRNA levels of PARP1 were reduced. MiR-124-5p directly induced PARP1 inhibition
through the gain binding ability of 3 'UTR binding.

Conclusion:
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs8679 in PARP13ʹUTR can prevent ischemic
stroke.
Is Gadoxetic Acid Disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance
Imaging an Accurate Diagnostic Method for Hepatocellular Carcinoma?
A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Junqiang Lei , Yinzhong Wang , Xiaoxue Tian , Jinhui Tian , Pengcheng Yang , Xiaoying Liu 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOBDTPA)
has become a widely used liver-specific contrast agent worldwide, but its value and limitations
as a diagnostic technique with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), have not been assessed.

Introduction:
A review of the latest evidence available on the diagnostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA-
enhanced MRI for the evaluation of HCC is reported.

Methods:
A systematic, comprehensive literature search was conducted with PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE,
the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, vip, wanfangdata and CBM from inception
to June 31, 2020. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included
studies. Pooled sensitivity (SEN), pooled specificity (SPE), pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR),
pooled negative likelihood ratio (NLR), pooled diagnostic odds ratio (dOR) and summary receiver
operating characteristic (SROC) curves were calculated to assess the diagnostic value of the individual
diagnostic tests.

Results:
A total of 47 articles were included, involving a total of 6362 nodules in 37 studies based
on per-lesion studies. There were 13 per-patient studies, including a total of 1816 patients. The results
of the meta-analysis showed that the per-lesion studies pooled weighted values were SEN
0.90 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.87-0.92], SPE 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90-0.94), PLR 11.6 (95% CI:
8.8-15.2), NLR 0.11 (95% CI: 0.09-0.14) and dOR 107.0 (95% CI: 74.0-155.0). The AUC of the
SROC curve was 0.96. The per-patient studies pooled weighted values were SEN 0.84 [95% confidence
interval (CI): 0.78-0.89], SPE 0.92 (95% CI: 0.88-0.94), PLR 10.4 (95% CI: 7.4-14.6), NLR
0.17 (95% CI: 0.12-0.24) and dOR 61.0 (95% CI: 42.0-87.0). The AUC of the SROC curve was
0.95 and subgroup analyses were performed.

Conclusions:
The diagnostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA for HCC was quantitatively evaluated in a
per-lesion study and a per-patient study using a systematic review of the literature. A positive conclusion
was drawn: Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced imaging is a valuable diagnostic technique for HCC.
The size of the nodules and the selection of the imaging diagnostic criteria may affect the diagnostic
sensitivity.
Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Crohn's Disease and Perianal Fistulas:
A Narrative Review
Authors: Sheikholeslami Azar , Fazaeli Hoda , Kalhor Naser , Khoshandam Mohadeseh , Eshagh Hoseini Seyed Jalal , Sheykhhasan Mohsen 
Published: September 2021

:
Crohn's Disease (CD), which usually leads to anal fistulas among patients, is the most
important inflammatory bowel disease that causes morbidity in many people around the world.
This review article proposes using MSCs as a hopeful therapeutic strategy for CD and anal fistula
treatment in both preclinical and clinical conditions. Finally, darvadstrocel, a cell-based medication
to treat complex anal fistulas in adults, as the only European Medicines Agency (EMA)-approved
product for the treatment of anal fistulas in CD is addressed.
Although several common therapies, such as surgery and anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)
drugs as well as a combination of these methods is used to improve this disease, however, due to
the low effectiveness of these treatments, the use of new strategies with higher efficiency is still recommended.
Cell therapy is among the new emerging therapeutic strategies that have attracted great
attention from clinicians due to its unique capabilities. One of the most widely used cell sources administrated
in cell therapy is mesenchymal stem cell (MSC).
This review article will discuss preclinical and clinical studies about MSCs as a potent and promising
therapeutic option in the treatment of CD and anal fistula.
Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Properties of Resveratrol Oligomers from the Stem Bark of Dryobalanops rappa
Authors: Wibowo Agustono , Ahmat Norizan , Biau Foo Jhi , Loh Jian Sheng , Hamzah Ahmad Sazali 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Dryobalanops rappa is a plant species belonging to the family of Dipterocarpaceae.
Nevertheless, the active compounds present in D. rappa have never been investigated.

Objective:
The aim of this research is to isolate and characterize compounds from Dryobalanops
rappa and to study its bioactivity against human MCF-7 breast cancer and A549 lung cancer cell
lines and several bacterial strains.

Methods:
The isolation step was carried out using a combination of chromatographic techniques.
The structure of the isolated compounds was elucidated mainly using NMR spectroscopy. The cytotoxic
activity of isolated compounds was determined with MTT assay, and the antimicrobial was
screened using a modified resazurin microtiter-plate assay.

Results:
Isolation and purification of methanolic extract of D. rappa stem bark yielded 14 known
oligomeric resveratrol types of compounds (1-14). Results showed that isolated ampelopsin E (5)
and vaticanol C (14) displayed moderate activity against human MCF-7 breast cancer and A549
lung cancer cell lines with IC50 values 14.3 and 10.7 μg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, acetate derivative
of isolated laevifonol (2) and ampelopsin F (3) was found to possess potent activities towards
MCF-7 cancer cell line with IC50 values 2.8 and 3.3 μg/mL, respectively, in comparison to
the parental compounds that demonstrated weak activities (IC50 > 50 μg/mL). For the antibacterial
assay, compounds 10 and 12 showed moderate activities towards Gram-positive bacterial strains
(MIC ≤ 50 μM).

Conclusion:
14 known oligomeric resveratrol types of compounds have been isolated. The activity
of 14 against A549 cell line, 5 against MCF-7 cell line, and 10 and 12 against Gram-positive bacterial
strains were the most promising results of this study. While the strong cytotoxicity of acetate
derivative (2 and 3) against MCF-7 cell line has revealed the potential of resveratrol oligomers to
be used as a template for designing new anticancer drugs.
Pseudomonas sp. a Dominant Population of Bacteria in the Cold Water of Mount Sabalan Crater Lake
Authors: Ahangari Hossein , Forouhandeh Haleh , Ebrahimi Tahereh , Ebrahimi Vida , Montazersaheb Soheila , Tarhriz Vahideh 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Sabalan (Savalan) Lake is a stable crater lake located at the summit of Sabalan,
an inactive stratovolcano and the third highest mountain of Iran. Because of cold weather
conditions, the lake is frozen in most months of the year. The biodiversity of microbial flora in this
area needs to be explored to find its similarity with the arctic regions’ biodiversity.

Objective:
The psychrophilic bacterial population of Sabalan (Savalan) Crater Lake was identified.
The current research is the first report on aquatic bacterial strains isolation and characterization
from Sabalan Lake.

Methods:
Water sample collections were cultured on four different media, and then colonies were
isolated by the plating method. The phylogenetic features of the isolates were scrutinized, and finally,
the phenotypic characteristics were investigated using specific culture methods.

Results:
The results of morphological tests indicated that most isolates were Gram-negative and
rod shape, which were able to grow between ˗4 and +37 ºC. According to the phylogenetic analysis,
the isolated strains belonged to Pseudomonas, Yersinia, Kocuria, and Micrococcus genera, and
about 60% of the isolates belonged to the various species of Pseudomonas as a dominant genus
with abounded frequency. In addition, several isolates showed 99% similarity with bacteria, which
were previously isolated from Antarctic regions such as Pseudomonas antarctica and Micrococcus
antarctica.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that the microbial populations of cold areas are the same across
geographical distances. In addition, these bacterial strains could be a primitive source of new enzymes
for technological applications, such as biosurfactant production.
Mindfulness: An effective technique for various psychological problems
Authors: Pratikta Arihdya Caesar 
Published: September 2021

Mindfulness recently has gained its popularity amongst therapeutic researchers and practitioners. As a part of therapy sessions, mindfulness highlights the urgency of the relationship between therapists and clients as this factor can strongly predict the therapeutic outcomes. This article will discuss issue and several mindfulness-related aspects. The remainder will be organised into six sections, including: the definition of mindfulness, the importance of relationship in mindfulness, measurement the outcomes of mindfulnes, several mindfulness-based therapies, the benefits of mindfulness from various empirical studies, summarising the presented explanations and offering suggestions for future research. Researchers and practitioners have developed various mindfulness-based therapies. It also imply the practice of counseling. Counseling with mindfulness-based can effectively help people who suffer from various psychological problems, ranging from anxiety disorders to trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder. Nevertheless, it warrants further research to overcome the current research flaws, such as the number of sample size, methodological procedures, and replicated findings.
When Offense and Mutual Forgiveness Collide Yearly in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study During Eid al-Fitr
Authors: Gunawan Nanang Erma 
Published: September 2021

One custom of Indonesian Muslims during Eid al-Fitr is to celebrate Ramadhan's end by requesting and giving forgiveness amongst Muslims. This celebration is the symbol of the triumph of the Muslims after a month of fasting and going back to being sinless like a newborn child. While mutual forgiveness has become an adhering religious practice, there is still limited analysis of how individuals deal with themselves about the observed offensive event with other people, and the spiritual practice of forgiving each other. Ten participants who participated in this research to address this issue. To evaluate the gathered data, the researcher conducted a content analysis. Results indicate that pardoning criminals during the Eid al-Fitr can be attainable. Not all the participants could forgive, however, simply because it was during a religious practice. Other causal factors to forgive are the degree of damage, anger, and recognition of the traumatic encounter.Keywords: Offense, Forgiveness, Eid al-Fitr, Resentment, Indonesia
Virtual Reality Technology Use in Cigarette Craving and Smoking Interventions (I “Virtually” Quit): Systematic Review
Authors: Keijsers Merel , Vega-Corredor Maria Cecilia , Tomintz Melanie , Hoermann Simon 
Published: September 2021

Background
Over the last 2 decades, virtual reality technologies (VRTs) have been proposed as a way to enhance and improve smoking cessation therapy.

Objective
This systematic review aims to evaluate and summarize the current knowledge on the application of VRT in various smoking cessation therapies, as well as to explore potential directions for future research and intervention development.

Methods
A literature review of smoking interventions using VRT was conducted.

Results
Not all intervention studies included an alternative therapy or a placebo condition against which the effectiveness of the intervention could be benchmarked, or a follow-up measure to ensure that the effects were lasting. Virtual reality (VR) cue exposure therapy was the most extensively studied intervention, but its effect on long-term smoking behavior was inconsistent. Behavioral therapies such as a VR approach-avoidance task or gamified interventions were less common but reported positive results. Notably, only 1 study combined Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices with VRT.

Conclusions
The inclusion of a behavioral component, as is done in the VR approach-avoidance task and gamified interventions, may be an interesting avenue for future research on smoking interventions. As Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices are still the subject of much controversy, their potential to support smoking cessation remains unclear. For future research, behavioral or multicomponent interventions are promising avenues of exploration. Future studies should improve their validity by comparing their intervention group with at least 1 alternative or placebo control group, as well as incorporating follow-up measures.