bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kalappia celebica, an endemic wood from Sulawesi Island: Chemical composition and its resistance against white rot fungi Ganoderma tsugae and G. lucidium
Authors: Pujirahayu Niken , Arif Asrianti , Uslinawaty Zakiah , Ibrahim Nurhayati Hadjar , Bakara Waode Erniwati , Megawati  , Syahidah  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Kalapi wood (Kalappia celebica kosterm) is endemic to Sulawesi Island and is a monotype species in the Fabaceae family with limited distribution. This study investigates the chemical composition and natural durability of Kalapi (K. celebica Kosterm) wood against white rot fungi Ganoderma tsugae and G. lucidium. This study was conducted based on the TAPPI standard for moisture analysis content, ASTM-D for extractive content, holocelluloce, and lignin, and method Cross and Bevan for cellulose. Durability observation was conducted in 12 weeks by assessing the percentage damage of wood samples caused by the fungi according to SNI standards 01-7207-2014. Results show that K. celebica has holocelullose, cellulose, and extractives at a high level, lignin was moderate, and had low hemicellulose. The results of testing the durability of wood shown that K. celebica has resistance to G. tsugae attack (class II) but is not resistant to G. lucidium (class IV), with an average weight loss of 3.14 % and 18.82 %, respectively.
Heritability of quantitative characters of local black rice (Oryza sativa L.) results of generation F3
Authors: S Sutriana , Riadi Muh , Haring Feranita 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Local Black rice is a food crop variety that has a low productivity level and a longer planting time than other colored rice. In addition, black rice contains anthocyanins, which are antioxidant molecules that can counteract free radicals in the human body. Anthocyanin levels can be increased by producing full black potential lines. Effective and efficient selection with heritability analysis. This study aims to determine the heritability of the agronomic character of black rice from the F3 generation line. The study was conducted in the Manipi Sinjai rice field in February – August 2020. The experiment used was a completely randomized design, there were 17 lines with 3 replications. The data obtained were analyzed by means of variance, and if there was a significant effect of treatment, further tests were carried out with the BNT 0.05 test. In addition, the heritability of the observed characters was determined. The results showed that the character of plant height in the flowering phase, days to 50% flowering, and the percentage of grain with full black endosperm had heritability values with high criteria.
Shoot initiation for Macadamia integrifolia explant with tissue culture technique
Authors: A’ida N , Wilda  , Larekeng S H , Iswanto I , Arsyad M A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Macadamia nuts are grown in subtropical and tropical regions and endemic species in Greenland that can be commercially developed in Indonesia. Macadamia’s generative propagation tends to have problems in its seed stock. It often experiences obstacles in field seed stock, and the production requires a long time because it has a thick shell (pericarp). Macadamia initiation needs technology to prevent extinction. One of the propagation is through the technique culture in vitro. This research was conducted to determine the initial response of basic media and to know the response of Macadamia growth in vitro. This research used five media which are Media 1 (DKW with BAP 0.1 ppm, kinetin 0.1ppm), Media 2 (WPM with BAP 1 ppm), media 3 (DKW), media 4 (MS), media 5 (MS with BAP 0.5 ppm). The results showed that media 1 and 3 (DKW media) had a good response for leaf and shoot growth in macadamia explants.
Taxonomic composition and proteolytic potential in the microbial mat of the Uro hot spring (the Baikal rift zone)
Authors: Lavrentyeva E V , Banzaraktsaeva T G , Dambaev V B , Radnagurueva A A , Kozyreva L P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We studied the taxonomic diversity of microbial mat in the Uro hot spring (the Baikal rift zone, BRZ) with temperatures of 62°C (Ur-3) and 56°C (Ur-4). According to the results of high-throughput sequencing, the composition of the community is represented by various phylogenetic groups Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes involved in different stages of organic matter production and degradation in microbial mats. According to metagenomic analysis, there is a wide variety of natural peptidases, enhancing the potential of their specialised functions of energy and substance conversion in microbial mats.
Dependence of floodplain birds’ dynamics on the spring flood height and duration in the middle Ob River
Authors: Ananin A A , Aiurzanaeva I A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Inter-annual variations in the total number of birds in floodplains of rivers are mainly associated with their flooding. The minimum population density during the nesting period was in a year with high and prolonged spring floods. The restoration and maximum development of shrubs took place with a significant simultaneous increase in the abundance of birds in subsequent years. Drying and simplification of vegetation cover were noted in all floodplain bird habitats during low-water periods. This process was accompanied by a decline in the number of birds. We identified four groups of bird species according to the criterion of the relationship “abundance – level and duration of the flood”. In the first group of bird species, abundance increased during high floods (3 species). In the second group, the abundance decreased sharply during high and prolonged floods (7 species). In the third group, the level and duration of the spring flood did not affect the abundance (9 species). In the fourth group, a very weak tendency of the negative flood level impact on the abundance of birds was noted (6 species).
Long-term dynamics of aquatic vegetation and the state of ecosystems of soda lakes in southeastern Transbaikalia
Authors: Bazarova B B , Kuklin A P , Borzenko S V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The cyclical nature of long-term changes in the annual amounts of atmospheric precipitation in Transbaikalia controls most of the processes in ecosystems. The paper briefly describes the long-term vegetation dynamics of soda lakes in the southeast of Transbaikal territory. These dynamics are driven by changes in abiotic parameters of the lakes, mainly water salinity and pH values. When the values of these indicators increase, the perennial succession series of vegetation of higher plants is as following: Helophytes + Neustophytes + Hydatophytes → Helophytes + Hydatophytes → Helophytes. The succession series of macrophytic algae is as following: Stigeoclonium sp. or Spirogyra sp. → Cladophora fracta + Charophyta → Enteromorpha intestinalis.
The perspectives for DNA barcoding of Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin using rbcL gene sequence
Authors: Protopopova M V , Shvetsova N A , Pavlichenko V V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The methods of biological species identification using nucleotide sequences of short genome regions (DNA barcoding) are actively developed. The universal DNA barcode for plants remains to be discovered, and one of the leading candidates is the plastid gene of the large subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase gene (rbcL). In our study, we estimated the part of rbcL gene as a possible marker for molecular identification of Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin. Due to its officinal properties, the species is susceptible to uncontrolled and illegal harvesting from natural populations. Today, the species needs to be protected and therefore is included into the Red Data Books of the Russian Federation and certain regions. The study was carried out using plants from the natural populations sampled from the Khamar-Daban Ridge (South Siberia) and considering now as Rh. carthamoides var. chamarense (Peschkova) O S Zhirova. It was shown that rbcL gene can be used to identify Rh. carthamoides at least from the populations of the Khamar-Daban Ridge using a fragment of the maximum length or its 3’ region. Apparently, the 5’ region of the gene (rbcLa) most often used as DNA barcode for plants may be of lesser importance for Rh. carthamoides. The rbcL gene sequences can be also used for the development of approaches for Rh. carthamoides identification in the medicinal preparations and products containing dried tissues to prevent their falsification and illegal harvesting of this species. The combination of rbcL gene with additional markers seems to be highly desirable to create effective DNA barcodes for Rhaponticum species.
The essential oil composition of Artemisia jacutica Drob. from the flora of Buryatia, Russia
Authors: Dylenova E P , Zhigzhitzhapova S V , Randalova T E , Radnaeva L D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper represents the results of the GC-MS analysis of the essential oil’s composition of Artemisia jacutica Drob. collected within the Republic of Buryatia in 2015-2020. A. jacutica is an East Siberian endemic plant which has been widely used in folk medicine of Yakutia for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. 59 compounds were identified in total, which were represented by mono- and sesquiterpenoids. Neryl-2-methylbutanoate, neryl-hexanoate, γ-eudesmol, and chamazulene were constant components of the oil, whereas γ-eudesmol and chamazulene predominated (the content reaches over 40%). Essential oils of A. jacutica collected in different years were characterized by a stable set of dominant constituents, while the content of sesquiterpenoids was over 92%. The samples of the 2018-2020 years of collection had a greater variety of constituents (31-36 compounds): derivatives of nerol, geraniol, 1,8-cineole, seline-4-diene, compared to the 2015-2017 samples.
Microbiological activity in the soils of pingos and thermokarst depressions in the south of the Vitim Plateau (Transbaikalia, Eastern Siberia)
Authors: Chimitdorzhieva E O , Korsunova Ts D-Ts , Chimitdorzhieva G D , Tsybenov Yu B , Garankina V P 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe intensity of microbiological processes in soils of pingos and thermokarst depressions in the south of the Vitim Plateau was studied. The number of dominant groups of microorganisms (Fungi; Bacteria, and Actinomycetes as a separate group) in Haplic Chernozems (Stagnic, Turbic) and Calcaric Gleyic Phaeozems were identified. Carbon accumulation in microbial biomass in soils of pingos and thermokarst depressions varies considerably in comparison with background soils. Bacterial microflora has been proven to prevail in soils under the study. The maximum indicators of actinomycete and fungal mycelium were found in the soils of thermokarst depressions. Microbiological activity for all studied parameters is higher in Calcaric Gleyic Phaeozems.
Species diversity of phyto- and zooplankton in the water bodies of Kharanorskaya State District Power Plant, Transbaikalia (according to 2019 data)
Authors: Afonina E Yu , Tashlykova N A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We described the taxonomic structure of planktonic associations in the water bodies of Kharanor State District Power Plant (cooling pond, water supply, drainage, and water intake channels of Kharanor reservoir located in the arid zone of the south-eastern Transbaikalia in a highly continental climate). Hydrobiological researches were conducted in April, July, and October 2019. We identified 141 algal taxa ranked below the genus, representing the divisions of Cyanobacteria (15 taxa), Bacillariophyta (41), Chrysophyta (10), Cryptophyta (3), Dinophyta (4), Charophyta (8), Chlorophyta (56), and Euglenophyta (4), and 52 zooplankton taxa, including 28 species and subspecies of Rotifera, 15 species of Cladocera, and 9 species of Copepoda. In the cooling reservoir, the plankton community included 135 phytoplankton taxa and 38 zooplankton species; 58 algal taxa and 27 invertebrate species were sampled in the water supply channel, 50 taxa and 26 species were sampled in the drainage channel, and 94 taxa and 24 species were collected from water intake channel respectively. Six diatom species (Stephanodiscus hantzschii, Nitzschia sigmoidea, Fragilaria radians, Asterionella formosa, Ulnaria ulna) and four zooplankton species (rotifers Asplanchna priodonta and crustaceans Daphnia galeata, Bosmina longirostris, Thermocyclops crassus) occurred in all water bodies during the entire study period.
Process optimization for enhanced tribological properties of Al/MWCNT composites produced by powder metallurgy using artificial neural networks
Authors: Turkoglu Turker , Celik Sare 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In order to eliminate the agglomeration problem of reinforcement in the nanocomposite, a two-step dispersion process was employed. Under ultra-sonication and ball milling, 1 wt% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were properly dispersed in pure aluminum (Al) (used as the matrix phase). The composite powder mixture was then consolidated in an inert Ar gas atmosphere by hot pressing under certain fabrication parameters. The powder mixture was characterized by Raman Spectroscopy, and it was found that MWCNTs did not cause structural defects in the pre-production process. The microstructural analysis of the sintered composites by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive x-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), revealed that the reinforcement was uniformly distributed in the matrix. Wear test results indicated that the wear resistance of the composites increased with increase of MWCNT reinforcement, and the wear mechanism was determined to be a mixing type by examining the wear traces by SEM. In order to determine the effects of different process parameters on wear loss, a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) based Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used, and experimental and predicted values were compared. It was noticed that the MLP based ANN model effectively evaluated the wear properties of the Al/MWCNT composites.
Moiré flat bands in twisted 2D hexagonal vdW materials
Authors: Xu Qiaoling , Guo Yuzheng , Xian Lede 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Moiré superlattices (MSL) in twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) and its derived structures can host exotic correlated quantum phenomena because the narrow moiré flat minibands in those systems effectively enhance the electron-electron interaction. Correlated phenomena are also observed in 2H-transitional metal dichalcogenides MSL. However, the number of moiré systems that have been explored in experiments are still very limited. Here we theoretically investigate a series of two-dimensional (2D) twisted bilayer hexagonal materials beyond TBG at fixed angles of 7.34∘ and 67.34∘ with 22 2D van der Waals layered materials that are commonly studied in experiments. First-principles calculations are employed to systemically study the moiré minibands in these systems. We find that flat bands with narrow bandwidth generally exist in these systems. Some of the systems such as twisted bilayer In2Se3, InSe, GaSe, GaS and PtS2 even host ultra-flat bands with bandwidth less than 20 meV even for such large angles, which makes them especially appealing for further experimental investigations. We further analysis the characters of moiré flat bands and provide guidance for further exploration of 2D MSL that could host strong electron correlations.
Fabrication of GeS-graphene composites for electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Chen , Xu Xiaoyun , Song Tingting , Zhu Xinyu , Li Yongtao , Jia Hong , Liu Yu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The new electrode materials are critically important for the development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we report the synthesis of Germanium sulfide -graphene composite (GeS-G) by facile sonication which exhibits the excellent cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries. Under the condition of charge-discharge rate of 50 mA·g−1 and voltage window of 0.005–3 V, the specific capacity of GeS-G is 170 mAh·g−1 after 100 cycles, which is significantly higher than that of pure GeS. The results of the present work imply that the nanostructure of GeS-G is the potential electrode materials for application in high-performance lithium-ion batteries and enrich the gene bank of lithium-ion battery materials.
The microstructure and corrosion resistance of SiC reinforced magnesium matrix composites with laminated gradient structure
Authors: Peng Guigui , Liang Yilong , Li Wei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The laminated gradient of the SiC reinforced Mg-MMCs has been report few. In this paper, the laminated gradient structure of Mg-3Al-3Sn + xSiC alloys (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 wt%) were prepared via powder metallurgy and spark plasma sintering method, and the effects of different sintering rate (60 °C min, 70 °C min−1 and 80 °C min−1) on the phase, morphology and corrosion resistance of as-sintered and rolled-state samples with laminated gradient structure are characterized. The results shows that, from the surface to core, the grain size of samples gradually decreased with the contents of SiC addition decreasing. Compared to the as-sintered samples, the micro-hardness of rolled-state reach to 105 HV, and the electrochemical test results shows that corrosion resistance of rolled states samples prepared at 70 °C min−1 increased by 88%, and the corrosion potential (Ecorr) value is −1.3162 VSCE, which is better than other samples; the samples prepared at 60 °C min−1 increased by 36%, and the samples prepared at 80 °C min−1 only decreased by 5%. It provides a new method to prepare the laminated gradient structure of magnesium alloy composites.
Silver mirror reaction metallized chromatography paper for supercapacitor application
Authors: Chen I-Hsuan , Chang Jung-Hsien , Xie Ren-Jie , Tseng Chia-Hui , Hsieh Sheng-Rong , Tsai Jui-Hsuan , Cheng I-Chung , Cheng I-Chun , Chen Chien-Fu , Chen Jian-Zhang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, the easy-to-operate silver mirror reaction (SMR) was used for metallizing chromatography paper. The SMR-metallized paper was characterized by water contact angle measurements, a surface profiler, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and electrical resistance measurement. The characterization results show that Ag was successfully synthesized on cellulose fibers and was electrically conductive after cyclic bending. Moreover, this SMR-metallized paper was used as electrodes for fabricating a supercapacitor. This SMR-metallized paper could be used for realizing cost-effective flexible electronics applied in on-site biochemical sensing in resource-limited settings.
Composability of global phase invariant distance and its application to approximation error management
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Priyanka 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Many quantum algorithms can be written as a composition of unitaries, some of which can be exactly synthesized by a universal fault-tolerant gate set like Clifford+T, while others can be approximately synthesized. One task of a quantum compiler is to synthesize each approximately synthesizable unitary up to some approximation error, such that the error of the overall unitary remains bounded by a certain amount. In this paper we consider the case when the errors are measured in the global phase invariant distance. Apart from deriving a relation between this distance and the Frobenius norm, we show that this distance composes. If a unitary is written as a composition (product and tensor product) of other unitaries, we derive bounds on the error of the overall unitary as a function of the errors of the composed unitaries. Our bound is better than the sum-of-error bound, derived by Bernstein- Vazirani(1997), for the operator norm. This builds the intuition that working with the global phase invariant distance might give us a lower resource count while synthesizing quantum circuits. Next we consider the following problem. Suppose we are given a decomposition of a unitary, that is, the unitary is expressed as a composition of other unitaries. We want to distribute the errors in each component such that the resource-count (specifically T-count) is optimized. We consider the specific case when the unitary can be decomposed such that the R

z
(θ) gates are the only approximately synthesizable component. We prove analytically that for both the operator norm and global phase invariant distance, the error should be distributed equally among these components (given some approximations). The optimal number of T-gates obtained by using the global phase invariant distance is less than what is obtained using the operator norm. Furthermore, we show that in case of approximate Quantum Fourier Transform, the error obtained by pruning rotation gates is less when measured in this distance, rather than the operator norm.
Theoretical study on the sensitivity of dynamic acoustic force measurement through monomodal and bimodal excitations of rectangular micro-cantilever
Authors: Yilmaz Cagri , Sahin Ramazan , Topal Eyup Sabri 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We present a detailed analysis on measurement sensitivity of dynamic acoustic forces via numerical simulation of the micro-cantilever responses. The rectangular micro-cantilever is regarded as a point mass in the dynamic model of forced and damped harmonic oscillator. We use single- and bimodal-frequency excitation schemes for actuation of the micro-cantilever in the presence of dynamic acoustic forces. In bimodal-frequency excitation scheme, the micro-cantilever is excited at its first two eigenmode frequencies simultaneously as opposed to single-frequency excitation. First, we numerically obtain micro-cantilever deflections by solving the equations of Motions (EOMs) constructed for the first two eigenmodes. Then, we determine oscillation amplitude and phase shift as a function of acoustic force strength within different frequency regions. Moreover, we relate amplitude and phase shift to virial and energy dissipation in order to explore the interaction between flexural modes in multifrequency excitation. The simulation results point out that bimodal-frequency excitation improves the measurement sensitivity of dynamic acoustic forces at particular frequencies. Herein, simultaneous application of driving forces enables higher sensitivities of observables and energy quantities as acoustic force frequencies become around the eigenmode frequencies. For our case, we obtain the highest phase shift (∼178°) for the acoustic force strength of 100 pN at the frequency of around 307.2 kHz. Therefore, this method can be easily adapted to improve measurement sensitivity of dynamic acoustic forces in a wider frequency window.
Nanoscale neuromorphic networks and criticality: a perspective
Authors: Dunham Christopher S , Lilak Sam , Hochstetter Joel , Loeffler Alon , Zhu Ruomin , Chase Charles , Stieg Adam Z , Kuncic Zdenka , Gimzewski James K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Numerous studies suggest critical dynamics may play a role in information processing and task performance in biological systems. However, studying critical dynamics in these systems can be challenging due to many confounding biological variables that limit access to the physical processes underpinning critical dynamics. Here we offer a perspective on the use of abiotic, neuromorphic nanowire networks as a means to investigate critical dynamics in complex adaptive systems. Neuromorphic nanowire networks are composed of metallic nanowires and possess metal-insulator-metal junctions. These networks self-assemble into a highly interconnected, variable-density structure and exhibit nonlinear electrical switching properties and information processing capabilities. We highlight key dynamical characteristics observed in neuromorphic nanowire networks, including persistent fluctuations in conductivity with power law distributions, hysteresis, chaotic attractor dynamics, and avalanche criticality. We posit that neuromorphic nanowire networks can function effectively as tunable abiotic physical systems for studying critical dynamics and leveraging criticality for computation.