bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The affiliative use of emoji and hashtags in the Black Lives Matter movement: A Twitter case study
Authors: Alfano Mark , Reimann Ritsaart , Quintana Ignacio , Cheong Marc , Klein Colin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Protests and counter-protests seek to draw and direct attention and concern with confronting images and slogans. In recent years, as protests and counter-protests have partially migrated to the digital space, such images and slogans have also gone online. Two main ways in which these images and slogans are translated to the online space is through the use of emoji and hashtags. Despite sustained academic interest in online protests, hashtag activism and the use of emoji across social media platforms, little is known about the specific functional role that emoji and hashtags play in online social movements. In an effort to fill this gap, the current paper studies both hashtags and emoji in the context of the Twitter discourse around the Black Lives Matter movement.
The Psychological Impact and suicidal behaviour in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, A Four Case report from Oman
Authors: maqbali Mandhar Al , Al-Huseini Salim , Eltanahy Ahmad Mohamed , Elawdy Mohamed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background:Mandatory quarantine during COVID-19 has disrupted normal social and economic life and many people became trapped and isolated with increasing levels of anxiety and financial difficulties. Especially for vulnerable people, the COVID-19 pandemic had shown by many studies to increase the depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts. Increased suicidal attempts had been associated with the increased burden of the health and economic impacts of the pandemic.Cases Presentation:Here, we report four cases of suicidal attempts during the COVID 19 outbreak due to the lockdown and related economic difficulties. Those cases were admitted to a general hospital from the period April 2020 to June 2020. All patients were males, tested negative for coronavirus and used violent methods of suicide. After receiving the appropriate treatment, all cases were discharged from the hospital.Conclusion:The COVID-19 pandemic and its economic and social impacts could result in significant consequences on vulnerable persons. As shown by many studies, Screening and early treatment are of paramount importance in preventing the mental health complications of the pandemic
Etnomatematika pada bangunan Umbul Binangun Taman Sari dalam aktivitas pembelajaran matematika
Authors: Putra Ryopanintama Yuniar , Alviyan Davet Nur , Arigiyati Tri Astuti , Kuncoro Krida Singgih 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menemukan unsur-unsur matematika (etnomatematika) pada bangunan Umbul Binangun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Data-data yang dipakai adalah data yang didapat dari studi literatur, observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Observasi dan dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi etnomatematika pada bangunan Umbul Binangun. Sedangkan literatur dan wawancara digunakan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam nilai-nilai budaya yang ada pada bangunan Umbul Binangun. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat unsur-unsur matematika (etnomatematika) pada bangunan Umbul Binangun, yaitu konsep persegi panjang, lingkaran, belah ketupat, dan garis sejajar. Melalui kegiatan mengamati bangunan Umbul Binangun dalam pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan etnomatematika menjelaskan bahwa unsur budaya dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika.Ethnomathematics at Umbul Binangun Building for geometry learningAbstractThis research was conducted to find mathematical elements (ethnomathematics) in the Umbul Binangun building. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. The data used are data obtained from literature studies, observation, documentation, and interviews. Observation and documentation are used to identify ethnomathematics in the Umbul Binangun building. Meanwhile, literature and interviews are used to read more deeply about the cultural values that exist in the Umbul Binangun building. This study's results show elements of mathematics (ethnomathematics) in the Umbul Binangun building, namely the concept of rectangles, circles, rhombuses, and parallel lines. Observing the Umbul Binangun building in mathematics learning with ethnomathematics explains that cultural elements can be used in learning mathematics
Pemaknaan Simbolik pada Prosesi Kenduri Blang: Studi Kasus Gampong Ulee Gle Pidie Jaya
Authors: Anismar  , Rukaiyah  , Nasution Abdullah Akhyar 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the symbolic meaning of the kenduri blang procession in Gampong Ulee Gle Pidie Jaya. Researchers used qualitative-descriptive research methods. Data collection techniques are observation, interview, and document study. The results showed that the community interpreted kenduri blang as a symbol of gratitude and asked for blessings from Allah so that the next crop was bountiful. Besides that, kenduri blang can also strengthen the relationship between people to stay united and respect each other. Kenduri blang was held in September, precisely before the beginning of descending into the fields. The community participates by donating funds to buy buffalo, spices, and other necessities needed when the event is held.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna simbolik dari prosesi kenduri blang di Gampong Ulee Gle Pidie Jaya. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat memaknai kenduri blang sebagai simbol kesyukuran dan meminta berkat dari Allah agar hasil panen berikutnya melimpah. Selain itu kenduri blang juga dimaknai sebagai pelestarian budaya Aceh, ajang memperkuat silaturrahmi antar masyarakat untuk tetap bersatu dan saling menghargai. Kenduri blang dilaksanakan pada bulan September tepatnya menjelang permulaan turun ke sawah. Masyarakat berpartisipasi dengan menyumbang dana untuk membeli kerbau, bumbu, dan keperluan lainnya yang dibutuhkan saat acara digelar.
ALASAN DISPENSASI NIKAH USIA DINI (STUDI KASUS DI PENGADILAN AGAMA PALU )
Authors: M. Aso Ribhan Abd , Malarangan Hilal , Raden Sahran 
Published: July 2021

The study, entitled "Reasons for Early Marriage Dispensation (Case Study in the Palu Religious Court class IA") aims to provide an overview and explanation of the submission of an early marriage dispensation request at the 1.A Palu Religious Court and the consideration of judges in giving or rejecting requests for dispensation early marriage at the Klas 1 Palu Religious Court. This research was designed using descriptive research type, using a qualitative approach in data collection techniques. The results of the study, pointed out that the reason for the request for marriage dispensation in the Palu Religious Court was due to the fear of slander, pregnancy outside marriage, economic aspects, social aspects, and moral aspects. As for the judges' consideration in providing the determination of marriage dispensations at the hearing, the Panel of Judges used "kaida namely al-mashlahah al-mursalah". because the provisions on age restrictions and marriage dispensation are not explained in detail in the Koran, but the benefits are in line with the shariah action 'which wants to bring benefit to humans (the two brides and their families).
Abstrak
Penelitian yang berjudul “Alasan Dispensasi Nikah Usia Dini (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Agama Palu klas IA” ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran dan penjelasan terhadap pengajuan permohonan dispensasi nikah usia dini di Pengadilan Agama Klas 1.A Palu dan pertimbangan hakim dalam memberi atau menolak permohonan dispensasi nikah usia dini di Pengadilan Agama Klas 1 Palu. Penelitian ini di desain dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dalam teknik pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian, menujukan bahwa alasan permohonan dispensasi nikah di Pengadilan Agama Palu dikarenakan khawatir timbulnya fitnah, hamil diluar nikah, aspek ekonomi, aspek sosial, dan aspek moral. Sedang mengenai pertimbangan hakim dalam memberikan penetapan dispensasi nikah di persidangan, Majelis Hakim menggunakan”kaida yaitu al-mashlahah al-mursalah”. karena ketentuan pembatasan umur dan dispensasi nikah tidak dijelaskan secara rinci di dalam al-Quran, tetapi kandungan maslahatnya sejalan dengan tindakan syara’ yang ingin mewujudkan kemaslahatan bagi manusia (kedua calon mempelai beserta keluarga).
TINJAUAN SOSIO-POLITIK TERHADAP LARANGAN POLIGAMI (Pembaharuan Hukum Keluarga Tunisia)
Authors: Bahauddin Ahmad 
Published: July 2021

The practice of polygamy which is carried out by some Tunisian society generally torments the wife. This is the basis for the prohibition of polygamy in Tunisia. The purpose of this research is to find out about the prohibition of polygamy in Tunisia which is contained in the Tunisian Family Law. This study uses literature research that focuses on the object of study on existing books and literature. While the method used in this research is descriptive-analysis method, which provides an overview and analyzes the Tunisian family law regarding the prohibition of polygamy. The results of this study indicate that the Tunisian State in implementing the law on the prohibition of polygamy cannot be separated from social politics. The factor is the number of husbands who torment their wives and children. This is one of the reasons that makes the law on the prohibition of polygamy come into effect. Because of the injustice committed by husbands to their wives. But in reality the regulations on the prohibition of polygamy are still not running optimally. This is because there is no common will between the government and the people.

Abstrak
Praktek poligami yang dilakukan oleh sebagian masyarakat Tunisia pada umumnya menyengsarakan pihak isteri. Inilah yang menjadi dasar pelarangan Poligami di Tunisia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari tau terhadap pelarangan poligami di Negara Tunisia yang termuat dalam Hukum Keluarga Tunisia. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan yang memfokuskan pada objek kajian pada buku-buku dan literature yang ada. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif-analisis, yaitu memberikan gambaran dan menganalisis Hukum Keluarga Tunisia terkait tentang pelarangan poligami. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Negara Tunisia dalam penerapan undang-undang tentang larangan poligami tidak lepas dari social politik. Faktornya ialah dengan banyaknya para suami yang menyengsarakan pihak isteri dan anak. Inilah salah satu penyebab yang menjadikan berlakunya perundang-undangan tentang larangan poligami. Karena ketidakadilan yang dilakukan suami terhadap para isterinya. Tetapi pada kenyataannya peraturan larangan poligami tersebut berjalan masih belum maksimal. Ini disebabkan karena tidak adanya kesamaan kehendak antara pemerintah dan masyarakat.
Determination of Enalapril maleate from tablets using a new HPLC method
Authors: Gherman Simona , Zavastin Daniela , Şpac Adrian , Panainte Alina Diana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
For the determination of enalapril maleate in tablets a new, simple and economical HPLC method was developed and fully validated. Chromatographic separation was achieved on Hewlett Zorbax SB-C 18 (150 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column and the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile: 0.025 M phosphate buffer adjusted to pH 3 (70:30 v/v) pumped at a flow rate 0.8 mL/min and UV-detection was performed at 210 nm. The proposed method was validated according to ICH guidelines (linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision, accuracy, recovery and system suitability). The total run time was less than 3 min and the retention time for Enalapril maleate was 2.3 min. The calibration graph was linear in the concentration range between 10 – 100 μg/mL with the correlation coefficient r2 = 0.9998. The developed and validated method was successfully applied to determine the Enalapril maleate in tablets. Therefore, this method proved to be sensitive, specific and reproducible and can be applied for routine analysis of enalapril maleate from pharmaceutical formulation due to its simplicity of application.
Considerations on goat milk biochemical composition
Authors: Anghel Andreea , Jitariu Daniela , Nadolu Dorina , Zamfir Zoia , Ilişiu Elena 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The benefits of human consumption of goat's milk are given by the presence in this milk of short-chain fatty acids (approximately 20% are short-chain fatty acids) and medium-chain fatty acids (55%), this milk being easier to digest. An important qualitative indicator of goat's milk with technological, nutritional and dietary impact is the fat content. Our data show that the percentage of milk fat increases immediately after parturition, then decreases for most of the lactation. This is due to two factors: a diluting effect, by increasing the volume of milk to the maximum level of lactation and a decreasing effect of lipid mobilization, which leads to a decrease in the plasma level of unesterified fatty acids (especially C18:0 and C18:1), with a role in lipid synthesis in the mammary gland. From the third month of lactation, the average daily amount of milking milk undergoes only slight variations. Also, the fat and protein percentage remain relatively constant during June-August. In summer there was an increase in the levels of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids and of conjugated linoleic acids in milk, compared to spring. Our results indicate that multiparous Carpathian breed females, whose food comes mostly from grazing, produce milk during the summer with a ratio between omega-6 and omega-3 below 4.
Dynamic viscosity dependence on temperature for fuels used for diesel engine
Authors: Niţă Irina , Osman Sibel , Iulian Olga 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Viscosity is an important property of fuels used for diesel engine affecting engine’s efficiency and harmful gases emission. Viscosity of liquid fuels depends especially on fuels composition and temperature. The dynamic viscosity of diesel fuel, biodiesel and blends of diesel with biodiesel, i-propanol and n-butanol was measured for temperature ranging from 293.15 K to 323.15 K and atmospheric pressure. It has been verified that well-known Arrhenius derived equations can be used to estimate with good accuracy, viscosity at different temperatures for diesel, biodiesel, diesel+biodiesel blends, but also for diesel blends with propanol and butanol. Values of activation parameters: activation energy, activation enthalpy and activation entropy for the viscous flow were derived based on linearized Eyring’s type equation. The values of the activation energy for viscous flow of fuels and fuels blends calculated based on measured values of dynamic viscosity in the temperature range of 273.15 K and 323.15 K were similar to those presented in the literature for some hydrocarbons, esters, and alcohols, respectively.
Effect of Gender Differences and Other Factors on Remuneration of Employees in EU Countries
Authors: Antošová Irena , Hazuchová Naďa , Stávková Jana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to verify gender income differences and to reveal factors influencing differences in remuneration. Gender income differences across the EU range from 6% in Romania to 27% in the Czech Republic. Data from 178,878 employees filtered from the EU-SILC database were used for calculations. Stepwise regression analysis was used to identify factors that affect gender income differences. The greatest effect was shown in the “Absolute Income”, then the “Job Change in the Last Year” factor, but the “Education” and “Age” showed a strongly negative tendency. Extraordinary attention is devoted to the effect of the “Job sector” factor, which also significantly contributes to the difference in income. Different representation of gender appears in different industries, which can be caused by preferences and be a consequence of persisting society-wide stereotypes. Social policies are not in line with changes in society and lag behind the development of society.
Parental Leave in the Czech Republic and Slovakia – Where Is It More Favourable to Become a Father?
Authors: Nevická Denisa , Hamuľák Juraj , Krippel Mikuláš 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article deals with the position of the child’s father in labour relations. The comparative analysis of legislation in the Czech Republic and Slovakia is based not only on labour law, but also on social security law and anti-discrimination law. The authors aim to point out the difference in treatment and answer the fundamental research question – In which country is it easier for a man to reconcile work and family responsibilities?
Interest Limitation Rule Under ATAD: Case of the Czech Republic
Authors: Pivoňková Aneta , Tepperová Jana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The anti-tax avoidance directive (ATAD) implemented in the EU countries in 2019 has brought, among other things, a common rule for tax-deductibility of exceeding borrowing costs of corporate taxpayers – the interest limitation rule. For interest limitation, the Czech Republic had so far used the so-called safe haven thin capitalisation rule. With the implementation of ATAD, companies need to test not only the thin capitalisation rule but also the new interest limitation rule according to ATAD. This paper aims to review the impact of the new interest limitation rule on the 200 largest Czech companies by their 2017 revenue as recorded in the Albertina database. Results covering the new rules, i.e. following the ATAD implementation, are being compared to the situation before the implementation. Most of the analysed companies seem unaffected by the new interest limitation rule. The analysis also showed that most of the analysed companies do not imply exceeding borrowing costs, either before or following the ATAD implementation.
Does Monetary Union Membership Affect Convergence in the European Union?
Authors: Siljak Dzenita , Nagy Sándor Gyula 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The objective of the article is to investigate the effects of the stage of integration on convergence in the European Union. The relationships between the selected macro-economic variables and per capita GDP growth rate are econometrically tested for the period 2004–2018 and three sub-periods: the pre-crisis period 2004–2008, the crisis period 2009–2013, and the post-crisis period 2014–2018. Convergence is estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) semi-log regression based on cross-sectional data. The findings show that convergence rates range between 1.9 percent and 4.8 percent. The positive effects of deeper integration are identified, as well as the negative effects of the 2008/2009 crisis. The empirical results suggest that the selected variables have an impact on the per capita GDP growth rate in at least one analyzed period.
Effect of Cerebrospinal Fluid on Fibroblasts Concerning Epidural Fibrosis: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Gürkanlar Doğa , Lafcı Fahrioğlu Sevda , Fahrioğlu Umut 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the most common treatments for lumbar disc herniation and other lumbar disorders is lumbar laminectomy. There may be some unwanted and serious complications with this procedure such as the “failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS)”. Epidural fibrosis (EF), mainly due to fibroblast proliferation, emerges as the main cause of failed back surgery syndrome. According to the current literature and practice techniques, different agents are being used to prevent EF formation. To date there is no single agreed upon treatment method of EF. In this study, dilutional effect of CSF, together with low potassium levels, on primary skin fibroblast cultures was studied as a possible material for EF prevention. CSF at different concentrations (0-100%) were tested to see its effect on Skin fibroblast proliferation. A wound healing assay was also performed to see the effect of CSF on wound healing. The cell proliferation goes up from 24h to 72hr in all CSF percentages from 0-75% but the proliferation was inhibited at 100% CSF. The “wound” is closed successfully in all CSF percentages between 0-75. The 100% CSF fails to completely close the wound. Adverse effects of low concentrations of potassium levels and dilutional effect of CSF may be a promising solution in the prevention of EF. Further in vivo and in vitro experiments are required to characterize its use.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization of Green Silver Nanoparticles Using Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Genotoxic Effects
Authors: Kahraman Tuğba , Elif Korcan Safiye , Liman Recep , Hakkı Ciğerci İbrahim , Acikbas Yaser , Konuk Muhsin , Uysal Akkuş Gülderen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used in a variety of biomedical applications in the last two decades, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer treatments. The present study highlights the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles AgNPs using Neopestalotiopsis clavispora MH244410.1 and its antibacterial, antibiofilm, and genotoxic properties. Locally isolated N. clavispora MH244410.1 was identified by Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Optimization of synthesized AgNPs was performed by using various parameters (pH (2, 4, 7, 9 and 12), temperature (25, 35 and 45 °C), and substrate concentration (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 mM)). After 72 hours of incubation in dark conditions, the best condition for the biosynthesis of AgNPs was determined as 0.25 mM metal concentration at pH 12 and 35 °C. Fungal synthesized AgNPs were characterized via spectroscopic and microscopic techniques such as Fouirer Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), UV-Visible Spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The average size of the AgNPs was determined less than 60 nm using the TEM and Zetasizer measurement system (measured in purity water suspension). The characteristic peak of AgNPs was observed at ~414 nm from UV-Vis results. Antibacterial and genotoxic activity of synthesized AgNPs (0.1, 1, and 10 ppm) were also determined by using the agar well diffusion method and in vivo Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. AgNPs exhibited potential antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) except Escherichia coli in a dose-dependent manner. AgNPs did not induce genotoxicity in the Drosophila SMART assay. 79.33, 65.47, and 41.95% inhibition of biofilms formed by P. aeruginosa were observed at 10, 1, and 0.1 ppm of AgNPs, respectively. The overall results indicate that N. clavispora MH244410.1 is a good candidate for novel applications in biomedical research.