bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memory Disjunctivism: a Causal Theory
Authors: Moran Alex 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRelationalists about episodic memory must endorse a disjunctivist theory of memory-experience according to which cases of genuine memory and cases of total confabulation involve distinct kinds of mental event with different natures. This paper is concerned with a pair of arguments against this view, which are analogues of the ‘causal argument’ and the ‘screening off argument’ that have been pressed in recent literature against relationalist (and hence disjunctivist) theories of perception. The central claim to be advanced is that to deal with these two arguments, memory disjunctivists both can and should draw on resources that are standardly appealed to by rival common factor theories of episodic memory, and, in particular, to the idea that genuine memories and merely apparent ones are to be distinguished, at least in part, in terms of the distinctive ways in which they are caused. On the proposed view, there are substantive causal constraints associated both with cases of genuine memory and with cases of mere confabulation. The resulting theory thus tells us something important about the nature both of genuine memories and of mere confabulations, namely, that such experiences must be caused in certain distinctive ways and cannot occur except as the result of a distinctive sort of causal process. In addition, the theory enables the disjunctivist to offer a unified response to an important pair of arguments against her view.
Who Cares? A Pilot Study of Pandemic Influenza Risk Perception in an Urban Population
Authors: Davies Tecwyn , Meyrowitsch Dan Wolf 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective:The association of urban population sociodemographic factors and components of pandemic influenza risk perception were studied.Methods:A prospective questionnaire-based study was undertaken between March 14, 2019 and October 18, 2019. A total of 464 questionnaires were distributed to 4 primary medical centers in 2 cities in England and Wales. Persons aged over 16 years presenting to the medical centers were asked to participate.Results:A total of 222 questionnaires were completed (return rate 47.8%). Participants were aged 16-84 years, with a median age of 45.5 years. Prevalence of 1 or more chronic diseases was 29.1%. Seasonal flu vaccination within 5 years was reported by 58.9%. Bivariate analyses of chronic disease and influenza vaccination observed a statistically significant association with influenza personal susceptibility expression (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.22 - 0.94) and (OR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.25 - 0.99) respectively. Multivariate analysis observed a statistically significant association between the presence of chronic disease and low comparative risk expression (OR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.15 – 0.74) (P = 0.007).Conclusions:Respondents identifying as ‘healthy’ are more likely to express lower risk perception of pandemic influenza. Importantly, this target group is not the usual focus of influenza campaigns and are perhaps more likely to disregard health advice. Factors influencing perceptions of this target group could be an important focus of future pandemic risk perception research.
A FAMILY OF -SUPERCONGRUENCES MODULO THE CUBE OF A CYCLOTOMIC POLYNOMIAL
Authors: GUO VICTOR J. W. , SCHLOSSER MICHAEL J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe establish a family of q-supercongruences modulo the cube of a cyclotomic polynomial for truncated basic hypergeometric series. This confirms a weaker form of a conjecture of the present authors. Our proof employs a very-well-poised Karlsson–Minton type summation due to Gasper, together with the ‘creative microscoping’ method introduced by the first author in recent joint work with Zudilin.
Accuracy of equations for predicting 24-h urinary potassium excretion from spot urine samples in Chinese children
Authors: Nie Xiaolu , Peng Yaguang , Cai Siyu , Wu Zehao , Zhang Ying , Li Kun , Yu Yuncui , Peng Xiaoxia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAccurate assessments of potassium intake in children are important for the early prevention of CVD. Currently, there is no simple approach for accurate estimation of potassium intake in children. We aim to evaluate the accuracy of 24-h urinary potassium excretion (24UKV) estimation in children using three common equations: the Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas, in a hospital-based setting. A total of 151 participants aged 5–18 years were initially enrolled, and spot urine samples were collected in the whole 24-h duration to measure the concentrations of potassium and creatinine. We calculated the mean difference, absolute and relative difference and misclassification rate between measured 24UKV and the predicted ones using Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas in 129 participants. The mean measured 24UKV was 1193·3 mg/d in our study. Mean differences between estimated and measured 24UKV were 1215·6, −14·9 and 230·3 mg/d by the Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas, respectively. All estimated 24UKV were significantly different from the measured values in all the time point (all P < 0·05), except for the predicted values from Tanaka formula using morning, afternoon and evening spot urine. The proportions with relative differences over 40 % were 87·2%, 32·5% and 47·3 % for Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas, respectively. Misclassification rates were 91·5 % for Kawasaki, 44·4 % for Tanaka and 58·9 % for Mage formula at the individual level. Our findings showed that misclassification could occur on the individual level when using Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas to estimate 24UKV from spot urine in the child population.
Entités institutionnelles et attitudes mentales
Authors: Ouzilou Olivier 
Published: September 2021

RésuméLa thèse affirmant la dépendance mentale des entités institutionnelles est particulièrement débattue en ontologie sociale. L'une de ses implications est la position infaillibiliste selon laquelle l'existence des entités institutionnelles nécessite que certaines de leurs propriétés soient connues. Quelles sont ces propriétés ? Après avoir présenté la conception searlienne des entités institutionnelles et le type de dépendance mentale qu'elles manifestent, je circonscris le contenu de la position infaillibiliste. Je montre ensuite que ces propriétés sont les pouvoirs déontiques associés à ces entités et que l'attitude mentale vis-à-vis des pouvoirs déontiques doit prendre la forme d'un savoir pratique. Je montre enfin que cette interprétation est compatible avec l'existence d'au moins certaines entités institutionnelles naturalisées.
Crowding and Tail Risk in Momentum Returns
Authors: Barroso Pedro , Edelen Roger M. , Karehnke Paul 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSeveral theoretical studies suggest that coordination problems can cause arbitrageur crowding to push asset prices beyond fundamental value as investors feedback trade on each others’ demands. Using this logic, we develop a crowding model for momentum returns that predicts tail risk when arbitrageurs ignore feedback effects. However, crowding does not generate tail risk when arbitrageurs rationally condition on feedback. Consistent with rational demands, our empirical analysis generally finds a negative relation between crowding proxies constructed from institutional holdings and expected crash risk. Thus our analysis casts both theoretical and empirical doubt on crowding as a stand-alone source of tail risk.
Molecular typing of Strongyloides stercoralis in Latin America, the clinical connection
Authors: Repetto Silvia Analía , Quarroz Braghini Juan , Risso Marikena Guadalupe , Argüello Lisana Belén , Batalla Estela Inés , Stecher Daniel Ricardo , Sierra Mariela Fernanda , Burgos Juan Miguel , Radisic Marcelo Víctor , González Cappa Stella Maris , Ruybal Paula 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study analysed Strongyloides stercoralis genetic variability based on a 404 bp region of the cox1 gene from Latin-American samples in a clinical context including epidemiological, diagnosis and follow-up variables. A prospective, descriptive, observational study was conducted to evaluate clinical and parasitological evolution after ivermectin treatment of 41 patients infected with S. stercoralis. Reactivation of the disease was defined both by clinical symptoms appearance and/or direct larvae detection 30 days after treatment or later. We described 10 haplotypes organized in two clusters. Most frequent variants were also described in the Asian continent in human (HP24 and HP93) and canine (HP24) samples. Clinical presentation (intestinal, severe, cutaneous and asymptomatic), immunological status and eosinophil count were not associated with specific haplotypes or clusters. Nevertheless, presence of cluster 1 haplotypes during diagnosis increased the risk of reactivation with an odds ratio (OR) of 7.51 [confidence interval (CI) 95% 1.38–44.29, P = 0.026]. In contrast, reactivation probability was 83 times lower if cluster 2 (I152V mutation) was detected (OR = 0.17, CI 95% 0.02–0.80, P = 0.02). This is the first analysis of S. stercoralis cox1 diversity in the clinical context. Determination of clusters during the diagnosis could facilitate and improve the design of follow-up strategies to prevent severe reactivations of this chronic disease.
Early childhood adversity and non-affective psychosis: a study of refugees and international adoptees in Sweden
Authors: Hjern Anders , Palacios Jesús , Vinnerljung Bo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrevious Scandinavian studies have shown increased levels of psychiatric morbidity in young refugees and international adoptees with an origin outside Europe. This study investigated their risk of non-affective psychotic disorders (NAPD) and whether this risk is influenced by early childhood adversity, operationalised as age at adoption/residency, and/or gender.MethodsRegister study in Swedish national cohorts born 1972–1990 including 21 615 non-European international adoptees, 42 732 non-European refugees that settled in Sweden at age 0–14 years and 1 610 233 Swedish born. The study population was followed from age 18 to year 2016 for hospitalisations with a discharge diagnosis of NAPD. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated in gender stratified Cox regression models, adjusted for household income at age 17.ResultsThe adjusted risks of NAPD were 2.33 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.07–2.63] for the international adoptees and 1.92 (1.76–2.09) for the former child refugees, relative to the Swedish-born population. For the international adoptees there was a stepwise gradient for NAPD by age of adoption from adjusted HR 1.66 (1.29–2.03) when adopted during the first year of life to adjusted HR 4.56 (3.22–6.46) when adopted at ages 5–14 years, with a similar risk pattern in women and men. Age at residency did not influence the risk of NAPD in the refugees, but their male to female risk ratio was higher than in Swedish-born and the adoptees.ConclusionThe risk pattern in the international adoptees gives support to a link between early childhood adversity and NAPD. Male gender increased the risk of NAPD more among the refugees.
Rescaling the global borderlands: Transperipheral projections from ‘the heart of the Amazon’
Authors: Windle Joel , Moita-Lopes Luiz Paulo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article examines semiotic resignifications undertaken in ‘peripheral’ cultural production through an ethnographic analysis of the trajectory of the Amazonian artist, Jaloo. Jaloo occupies multiple positions of marginality in Brazilian society and artistic scenes, which he connects to other global peripheries in his performances, aesthetics, and self-narratives. Building on anthropological and sociolinguistic scholarship, we show how ‘peripheral’ status is managed by Jaloo in the context of a growing and politicised audience for outsider and alternative cultural production. We theorise Jaloo's negotiation of his relationship with audiences and the media as rescaling. Further, we argue that this rescaling entails the ordering of semiotic resources into a social imaginary that reconfigures peripheral territories and identities, which we consider in terms of a transperipheral chronotope. (Inequality, chronotopes, indexicality, race, coloniality, scales, periphery)
Optimal motion control of three-sphere based low-Reynolds number swimming microrobot
Authors: Nejat Pishkenari Hossein , Mohebalhojeh Matin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMicrorobots with their promising applications are attracting a lot of attention currently. A microrobot with a triangular mechanism was previously proposed by scientists to overcome the motion limitations in a low-Reynolds number flow; however, the control of this swimmer for performing desired manoeuvres has not been studied yet. Here, we have proposed some strategies for controlling its position. Considering the constraints on arm lengths, we proposed an optimal controller based on quadratic programming. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed optimal controller can steer the microrobot along the desired trajectory as well as minimize fluctuations of the actuators length.
EFFECT SIZE–DRIVEN SAMPLE-SIZE PLANNING, RANDOMIZATION, AND MULTISITE USE IN L2 INSTRUCTED VOCABULARY ACQUISITION EXPERIMENTAL SAMPLES
Authors: Vitta Joseph P. , Nicklin Christopher , McLean Stuart 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this focused methodological synthesis, the sample construction procedures of 110 second language (L2) instructed vocabulary interventions were assessed in relation to effect size–driven sample-size planning, randomization, and multisite usage. These three areas were investigated because inferential testing makes better generalizations when researchers consider them during the sample construction process. Only nine reports used effect sizes to plan or justify sample sizes in any fashion, with only one engaging in an a priori power procedure referencing vocabulary-centric effect sizes from previous research. Randomized assignment was observed in 56% of the reports while no report involved randomized sampling. Approximately 15% of the samples observed were constructed from multiple sites and none of these empirically investigated the effect of site clustering. Leveraging the synthesized findings, we conclude by offering suggestions for future L2 instructed vocabulary researchers to consider a priori effect size–driven sample planning processes, randomization, and multisite usage when constructing samples.
Doubly labelled water–calibration approach attenuates the underestimation of energy intake calculated from self-reported dietary assessment data in Japanese older adults
Authors: Watanabe Daiki , Yoshida Tsukasa , Yoshimura Eiichi , Nanri Hinako , Goto Chiho , Ishikawa-Takata Kazuko , Ebine Naoyuki , Fujita Hiroyuki , Kimura Misaka , Yamada Yosuke ,   Kyoto-Kameoka Study Group
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective:Self-reported energy intake (EI) estimation may incur systematic errors that could be attenuated through biomarker calibration. We aimed to confirm whether calibrated EI was comparable to total energy expenditure (TEE) measured using the doubly labelled water (DLW) technique.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:General older population from the Kyoto–Kameoka Study, Japan.Participants:This study included sub- and main cohorts of 72 and 8058 participants aged≥ 65 years, respectively. EI was evaluated using a validated FFQ, and calibrated EI was obtained using a previously developed equation based on the DLW method. TEE was considered representative of true EI and also measured using the DLW method. We used a Wilcoxon signed-rank test and correlation analysis to compare the uncalibrated and calibrated EI with TEE.Results:In the sub-cohort, the median TEE, uncalibrated EI and calibrated EI were 8559 kJ, 7088 kJ and 9269 kJ, respectively. The uncalibrated EI was significantly lower than the TEE (median difference = –1847 kJ; interquartile range (IQR): –2785 to –1096), although the calibrated EI was not (median difference = 463 kJ; IQR: –330 to 1541). The uncalibrated (r = 0·275) and calibrated EI (r = 0·517) significantly correlated with TEE. The reproducibility was higher for calibrated EI (interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0·982) than for uncalibrated EI (ICC = 0·637). Similar findings were observed when stratifying the sample by sex. For medians, uncalibrated EI was lower (about 17 %) than calibrated EI in the main cohort.Conclusions:Biomarker calibration may improve the accuracy of self-reported dietary intake estimation.
Higher Probability of Occurrence of Hotter and Shorter Heat Waves Followed by Heavy Rainfall
Authors: You Jiewen , Wang Shuo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe consecutive heat wave and heavy rainfall (CHWHR) events, defined as the occurrence of heat waves followed by heavy rainfall, can cause more damages than individual extremes. Nevertheless, this type of compound event has not been diagnosed systematically. Here we examine the occurrence of CHWHR events and underlying characteristics. We find 22% of land areas experienced statistically significant CHWHR events within 7 days in China during 1981–2005, with an average 26% of heat waves being followed by heavy rainfall (vs. 10% expected by chance). More importantly, the shorter and hotter heat waves are more likely to be followed by heavy rainfall than other heat waves. This phenomenon is associated with atmospheric convection and moisture convergence. In addition, climate projection shows the CHWHR events will occur more frequently and abruptly in China throughout the 21st century, which contribute to the increased compound risk of back‐to‐back heat waves and flash floods.
The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Among Parents of Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Oseran Ilan , Shamir Raanan , Assa Amit 
Published: September 2021

Objective: Parents of children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience greater emotional distress, depression, and lack of emotional support, compared to parents of healthy children. We aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) group intervention for these parents. Method: In this single arm trial, 4 eight-week MBSR courses were offered to parents of children with IBD treated at the Schneider Children's Medical Center. Parents completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) at baseline, postintervention, and at 3 months follow-up. Results: Of 30 parents recruited, 26 (86%) attended at least 5 out of 9 classes (Mean parent’s age 43.3 ± 5.6 years, 19, 73%, females, patients' mean age of 12.1 ± 3.8, 73% Crohn's disease). Parents reported a 20% reduction in perceived stress ( p < .01); 56% reduction in tension ( p < .001); 36% reduction in fatigue ( p < .001); and 42% reduction in anger ( p < .05), following the intervention. None of these changes remained significant at 3 months follow-up. Conclusions: Our study suggests that MBSR appears to be a feasible and effective intervention to reduce stress and improve emotional functioning for parents of children with IBD, as was found immediately postintervention but not at follow-up. Strategies to sustain long-term benefit should be further investigated. Implications for Impact Statement This study showed that a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) group intervention for parents of children with IBD significantly reduced parents’ perceived stress, tension, fatigue, and anger. The effect of the intervention was short implying that a maintenance strategy may be considered. Attendance rates were high, indicating that MBSR is a feasible and effective intervention for these parents.
KRAS-related long noncoding RNAs in human cancers
Authors: Saliani Mahsa , Mirzaiebadizi Amin , Javadmanesh Ali , Siavoshi Akram , Ahmadian Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKRAS is one of the most widely prevalent proto-oncogenes in human cancers. The constitutively active KRAS oncoprotein contributes to both tumor onset and cancer development by promoting cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth in a MAPK pathway-dependent manner. The expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and the KRAS oncogene are known to be dysregulated in various cancers, while long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can act as regulators of the miRNAs targetingKRASoncogene in different cancers and have gradually become a focus of research in recent years. In this review article, we summarize recent advances in the research on lncRNAs that have sponging effects on KRAS-targeting miRNAs as crucial mediators of KRAS expression in different cell types and organs. A deeper understanding of lncRNA function in KRAS-driven cancers is of major fundamental importance and will provide a valuable clinical tool for the diagnosis, prognosis, and eventual treatment of cancers.
A novel mouse model of PMS2 founder mutation that causes mismatch repair defect due to aberrant splicing
Authors: Biswas Kajal , Couillard Martin , Cavallone Luca , Burkett Sandra , Stauffer Stacey , Martin Betty K. , Southon Eileen , Reid Susan , Plona Teri M. , Baugher Ryan N. , Mellott Stephanie D. , Pike Kristen M. , Albaugh Mary E. , Maedler-Kron Chelsea , Hamel Nancy , Tessarollo Lino , Marcus Victoria , Foulkes William D. , Sharan Shyam K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, now known as Lynch syndrome (LS) is one of the most common cancer predisposition syndromes and is caused by germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. A common founder GPV in PMS2 in the Canadian Inuit population, NM_000535.5: c.2002A>G, leads to a benign missense (p.I668V) but also acts as a de novo splice site that creates a 5 bp deletion resulting in a truncated protein (p.I668*). Individuals homozygous for this GPV are predisposed to atypical constitutional MMR deficiency with a delayed onset of first primary malignancy. We have generated mice with an equivalent germline mutation (Pms2c.1993A>G) and demonstrate that it results in a splicing defect similar to those observed in humans. Homozygous mutant mice are viable like the Pms2 null mice. However, unlike the Pms2 null mice, these mutant mice are fertile, like humans homozygous for this variant. Furthermore, these mice exhibit a significant increase in microsatellite instability and intestinal adenomas on an Apc mutant background. Rectification of the splicing defect in human and murine fibroblasts using antisense morpholinos suggests that this novel mouse model can be valuable in evaluating the efficacy aimed at targeting the splicing defect in PMS2 that is highly prevalent among the Canadian Inuits.
Electronic Floquet gyro-liquid crystal
Authors: Esin Iliya , Gupta Gaurav Kumar , Berg Erez , Rudner Mark S. , Lindner Netanel H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFloquet engineering uses coherent time-periodic drives to realize designer band structures on-demand, thus yielding a versatile approach for inducing a wide range of exotic quantum many-body phenomena. Here we show how this approach can be used to induce non-equilibrium correlated states with spontaneously broken symmetry in lightly doped semiconductors. In the presence of a resonant driving field, the system spontaneously develops quantum liquid crystalline order featuring strong anisotropy whose directionality rotates as a function of time. The phase transition occurs in the steady state of the system achieved due to the interplay between the coherent external drive, electron-electron interactions, and dissipative processes arising from the coupling to phonons and the electromagnetic environment. We obtain the phase diagram of the system using numerical calculations that match predictions obtained from a phenomenological treatment and discuss the conditions on the system and the external drive under which spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs. Our results demonstrate that coherent driving can be used to induce non-equilibrium quantum phases of matter with dynamical broken symmetry.