bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Oncosuppressing Effects of Seven Selenoproteins in Thyroid Cancer: Implications for Distinct Roles of Selenoproteins in Tumorigenesis
Authors: Zhao Yang , Chen Pu , Lv Hong-jun , Wu Yuan , Liu Shu , Deng Xueyang , Fu Jiao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Low selenium levels are associated with increased incidence and advanced stage of thyroid cancers. In response to changes in selenium levels, a hierarchy of selenoprotein biosynthesis allows tissue-specific fine-tuning of the 25 selenoproteins. To determine the role of individual selenoproteins on thyroid carcinogenesis, we carried out a multiomic data mining study.Methods: The expressions of individual selenoproteins and their correlation with prognosis in thyroid cancers were analyzed using Oncomine, GEPIA and Kaplan–Meier plotter platforms. Co-expression analysis using cBioportal database was carried out to identify genes that are correlated with selenoproteins. GO and KEGG enrichment were further performed for genes correlated with selenoproteins that are clinically significant.Results: DIO1, GPX3, SELENOP, SELENOM SELENOS, SELENOO and SELENOV were significantly downregulated and with a poor prognosis in thyroid cancers. 35 biological processes including GO: 0045926 (negative regulation of growth) and 23 biological processes including GO:0001525 (angiogenesis) and GO:0007155 (cell adhesion) were enriched in DIO1-positively and DIO1-negatively correlated genes, respectively. 41 biological processes including GO: 0045926 (negative regulation of growth) and 23 biological processes including GO:0007165 (signal transduction) and GO: 0000165 (MAPK cascade) were enriched in GPX3-positively and GPX3-negatively correlated genes, respectively. The antitumor effects of SELENOM and SELENOS might be attributed to their protection against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. SELENOO was revealed to be correlated with ER stress, mitochondria translation and telomere maintenance. Biological processes of SELENOV-correlated genes were enriched in oxidation-reduction process and ER calcium ion homeostasis. Moreover, cell adhesion and angiogenesis were also shown to be negatively regulated by SELENOV, providing an anti-metastatic effect similar as DIO1.Conclusion: This study confirms the distinct roles of the 25 selenoproteins in thyroid cancer pathogenesis, providing useful information to uncover the currently unknown functions of selenoproteins and open up the possibility for targeted regulation of individual selenoproteins for treatment of thyroid cancer.
Immunoinformatic Responses of Host MHC I/II and CD4+ Cells Against Conserved Spike Fragments of SARS CoV-2 of 186 Countries With In-Silico Mutations: Implications in Universal Vaccination
Authors: Maiti Smarajit , Banerjee Amrita , Kanwar Mehak , Santra Dipannita 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Different types of quickly-developed vaccines have been introduced against Covid-19 with largely inconclusive results. On the course of time, somewhere Covid-19 declines its infection/mortality rate and in some countries it revived with some new mutant-variants. Considering the large number of global variants, in the current study several conserved (186 countries) sequences (checked by ClustalX2) epitopic regions (by SVMTriP and IEDB) and in-silico mutants of SARS CoV-2 spike protein fragments (Cut 1-4) were screened for their stability against proteases, antigenicity (VaxiJen V2.0 and for glycosylation effects NetOGlyc-NetNGlyc), MHCI/II reactivity (IEDB TOOLS) and CD4+ cellular responses utilizing Haddock 2.4 and PatchDock programme. The cut4 mutant and its peptide SRLFRKSNLKPFERD showed highest combined-score 48.23548 and Immunogenicity-Score of 92.0887. The core-sequence SRLFRKSNL showed highest Median Percentile Rank (7 HLA-allele) of 19. CD4+ immunogenicity also confirms representation of CUT4TM2 epitope SRLFRKSNL by MHC Class II. The epitope YNYKYRLFR from CUT4 showed IC50 value of ~30 nM with allele HLA-DRB1*11:01 and HLA-DRB5*01:01. Binding affinity and RMSD score suggest that different epitopic regions of Cut4 mutants interacted MHC II with large number of H-bonds. Cut4 double mutants strongly interacted with exposed T-cell surface and facilitated by its receptors. According to the antigenicity analysis, epitopes 3, 4, and 5 were the potent antigens with antigenicity values of 0.6268, 1.2404, and 0.4639, respectively. Screening of conserved SARS CoV-2 spike fragments globally may help to find most stable antigenic determinant and further their mutation-engendered counterparts have better immunogenic responses. Further studies are necessary to develop global vaccination strategies against Covid-19.
Engineered Endolysin-based "Artilysins"&nbsp;for Controlling the Gram-negative Pathogen Helicobacter Pylori
Authors: Xu Dengyuan , Zhao Shanshan , Dou Jun , Xu Xiaofeng , Zhi Yanyan , Wen Liangzhu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection can cause a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. In severe cases, there is a risk of gastric cancer. Antibiotics are often used for clinical treatment of H. pylori infections. However, because of antibiotic overuse in recent years and the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, there is an urgent need to develop new treatment methods and drugs to achieve complete eradication of H. pylori. Endolysins and holins encoded by bacterial viruses (i.e., phages) represent a promising avenue of investigation. These lyase-based antibacterial drugs act on the bacterial cell wall to destroy the bacteria. Currently, a type of endolysin that has been studied more frequently acts on the amide bond between peptidoglycans, and holin is a transmembrane protein that can punch holes in the cell membrane. However, as a Gram-negative bacterium, H. pylori possesses a layer of impermeable lipopolysaccharides on the cell wall, which prevents endolysin interaction with the cell wall. Therefore, we designed a genetic linkage between an endolysin enzyme and a holin enzyme with a section of polypeptides (e.g., polycations and hydrophobic peptides) that enable penetration of the outer membrane. These complexes were designated “artilysins” and were efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli. In vitro bacteriostasis experiments showed that the purified artilysins had strong bacteriostatic effects on H. pylori. In addition, the surface of H. pylori was perforated and destroyed, as confirmed by electron microscopy, which was proved that artilysins had bacteriolytic effect on H. pylori.
Mental Health Contact Episodes in the Year Prior to First Adult Imprisonment Among Men Who Inject Drugs in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Stewart Ashleigh Cara , Cossar Reece , Wilkinson Anna Lee , Quinn Brendan , Dietze Paul , Walker Shelley , Winter Rebecca , Curtis Michael , Stoové Mark 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: People in prison experience higher rates of mental illness than the general community, and commonly have cooccurring histories of drug dependence. While patterns of mental health service contacts following prison release have been extensively described, limited research has explored histories of service contacts prior to adult imprisonment. We describe public mental health contacts in the 12 months prior to first adult imprisonment among a cohort of men recruited in prison in Victoria, Australia, with recent histories of injecting drug use (IDU).Methods: Retrospective data from two administrative databases — public mental health service contacts from the Victorian state-wide public mental health database and imprisonment episodes from Corrections Victoria — were linked to primary data from the Prison and Transition Health (PATH) cohort study. We describe patterns of mental health contact episodes (contact days) and contact types, including continuing community care (categorised as non-urgent care) and crisis/emergency contacts (categorised as urgent) in the 12 months prior to participants’ first adult imprisonment.Results: Among 400 participants, 60 (15%) had contact with a mental health service in the year prior to their first adult imprisonment, accounting for 861 contact episodes [median 5; interquartile range (IQR) 2–11]. The median days between last contact and imprisonment was 52 (IQR 7–116) and the median days between contacts was three (IQR 1–7). Of the total contacts, 52% (n=450/861) were for continuing community care and 27% (n=234/861) involved crisis assessment treatment; 42 (70%) participants with mental health service contacts had at least one crisis/emergency contact within one year of their first adult imprisonment. ­Conclusion: We found that 15% of a cohort of men with histories of IDU had mental health service contacts in the 12 months prior to their first adult imprisonment. These contacts were typically frequent and more than one in four involved crisis/emergency care. These findings highlight significant vulnerabilities and potential missed opportunities for intervention early in offending trajectories. Further research is required to understand how these vulnerabilities can be better identified and more appropriately addressed in-community to reduce pathways into prison.
Prevalence of maternal Group B Streptococcus rectovaginal colonization among pregnant women in Ethiopia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bekele Delayehu , Assefa Dawit Getachew , Gudu Wondimu , Wondafrash Mekitie , Tolu Lemi Belay 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Rectovaginal colonization with Group B streptococcus (GBS) during pregnancy is an important risk factor for serious infections including neonatal sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis. It is also associated with stillbirth and preterm birth. Since globally rates of GBS colonization, as well as rates of vertical transmission to the newborn, differ broadly, having national data is important for implementing strategies to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality as a result of GBS infection. We propose this systematic review and meta-analysis to describe the prevalence of rectovaginal GBS colonization, rate of vertical transmission, and the antibiotic resistance pattern among third trimester pregnant women in Ethiopia.Methods: A systematic search will be done of PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, CINHAL, and Cochrane Library. In addition, google scholar will be searched, and a reference list of the already identified articles will be checked to find additional eligible articles that were missed during the initial search. Two reviewers will screen all retrieved articles and assess the methodological quality of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist. Any disagreement between two reviewers will be resolved by a third reviewer. We will extract data using the JBI data extraction tool for the systematic review of prevalence studies. The data analysis will be conducted using Stata Statistical Software: Release 15. We will present pooled estimates of the prevalence of GBS colonization and rates of vertical transmission with a 95% confidence interval.Discussion: This will be the first synthesis of data on GBS during pregnancy at a national level. It will inform decision-makers in determining whether a universal or a risk-based screening strategy is most appropriate, as well as guiding them in adopting an intrapartum antibiotic protocol.Registration: Submitted to PROSPERO on 18/03/2021
Malignant Phyllodes Tumor With Metastases to the Femur the Lung and Bilateral Axillas: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Zhou Jie-Yu , Fu Wei-Da , Gu Jun-Wei , Lu Kang-Kang , Guo Gui-Long 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Phyllodes tumor is rare accounting for <1% of all breast tumors. It is classified as benign, borderline, or malignant.The lymph node is involved rarely, and the most common metastasis path is through hematogenous channels mainly to the lung the pleura and the bone. Case presentation: This case report presents a 34-year-old woman suffered from metastases to the femur the lung and bilateral axillas from a malignant phyllodes tumor in 9 years. The most recent recurrence was discovered on bilateral axillas. The patient accepted adjuvant chemotherapy. However, because no obvious benefit of chemotherapy was found, the patient received bilateral axillary lymph node dissection finally. Genetic testing after surgery showed tumor-specific mutations and mutations about thepolymorphism of drug metabolism-related enzymes. Conclusions: The primary treatment modality for phyllodes tumor is surgery. For metastases, adjuvant chemotherapy may be efficient. However, when the effect of chemotherapy is not obvious, aggressive surgical therapies should be performed. Besides, genetic testing can provide advices on effective treatments.
Supplier's cooperation strategy with two competing manufacturers under wholesale price discount contract considering technology investment
Authors: Yang Shanxue , Liu Hongwei , Wang Guoli , Hao Yifei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cooperation between upstream suppliers and downstream manufacturers in technology investment is a popular way to improve production technology for reducing suppliers' production costs of key components. Technology investments undertaken by manufacturers and wholesale price discount contract provided by suppliers have an important impact on their cooperation. This paper explores whether a supplier should cooperate with two downstream competing manufacturers to accept their technology investments to reduce the supplier's production cost of a key component. Specifically, we consider the following three cooperation strategies: the supplier does not accept manufacturers' technology investments, only accepts one manufacturer's technology investment and accepts both manufacturers' technology investments. Our results demonstrate that the wholesale price discount contract and the technology investment can enhance the profits of the supplier and two manufacturers when the discount degree is low. Further, we conclude that when the discount degree is relatively low or when the discount degree and the technology investment efficiency are relatively high, the supplier's optimal cooperation strategy with two manufacturers is to accept both manufacturers' technology investments for reducing the supplier's production cost of the key component and both manufacturers are also willing to invest simultaneously. At last, we extend the model to the asymmetric potential market size and show that our theoretical results are robust.
Total Synthesis of (±)-Decursivine via BINOL-Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Tandem Oxidative Cyclization
Authors: Parvatkar Prakash T. , Smotkin Eugene S. , Manetsch Roman 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Synthesis of tetracyclic indole alkaloid (±)-decursivine was accomplished through BINOL-phosphoric acid catalyzed tandem oxidative cyclization as a key step with hypervalent bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo)benzene (PIFA) as an oxidizing agent. This represents one of the shortest and highest yielding route for the synthesis of (±)-decursivine from readily available starting materials.
Ultrastructure of Anterior Lens Capsule and Epithelium in High-Myopic Cataracts
Authors: Wang Yingbin , Wu Wenjie , Cai Yajing , Yu Mengting , Zhong Xiurong , Wu Minxia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The mechanism of high-myopic cataract (HMC) is not fully understood yet. The ultrastructure of anterior lens capsule (aLC) and lens epithelial cells (LECs) may provide some clues to this issue.METHODS: Capsulorhexis samples from 10 eyes with HMC and 10 eyes with age-related cataract (ARC) were analyzed for morphologic characteristics using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).RESULTS: Several common pathologic disorders of LECs, including pleomorphic cellular structure, extensive intracellular vacuoles, swollen organelles, degeneration and necrotic lesions, could be observed in both HMC group and ARC group, to a similar extent. Specimens of HMC group disclosed remarkable extracellular spaces, interdigitation of LECs as well as protuberances of aLC towards LECs. CONCLUSIONS: The ultrastructure of aLC and LECs in HMC demonstrated some specific pathologic disorders in comparison with ARC, which might play a role in the formation of cataract in high myopes.
Curcumol inhibits malignant biological behaviors and TMZ-resistance of glioma cells via reducing long noncoding RNA FoxD2-As1 promoted EZH2 activation
Authors: Lv Xuyang , Sun Jiangchuan , Hu Linfeng , Qian Ying , Fan Chunlei , Tian Nan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Although curcumol has been shown to possess antitumor effects in several cancers, its effects on glioma are largely unknown. Recently, lncRNAs have been reported to play an oncogenic role through epigenetic modifications. Therefore, here, we investigated whether curcumol inhibited glioma progression by reducing FOXD2-AS1-mediated enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) activation.Methods: MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry, Transwell, and neurosphere formation assays were used to assess cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, the percentage of CD133+ cells, the migration and invasion abilities, and the self-renewal ability. qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect mRNA and protein levels. Isobologram analysis and methylation-specific PCR were used to analyze the effects of curcumol on TMZ resistance in glioma cells. DNA pull-down and Chip assays were employed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the functions of curcumol in glioma cells. Tumorigenicity was determined using a xenograft formation assay. Results: Curcumol inhibited the proliferation, metastasis, self-renewal ability, and TMZ resistance of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. FOXD2-AS1 was highly expressed in glioma cell lines, and its expression was suppressed by curcumol treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The forced expression of FOXD2-AS1 abrogated the effect of curcumol on glioma cell proliferation, metastasis, self-renewal ability, and TMZ resistance. Moreover, the forced expression of FOXD2-AS1 reversed the inhibitory effect of curcumol on EZH2 activation.Conclusions: We showed for the first time that curcumol is effective in inhibiting malignant biological behaviors and TMZ-resistance of glioma cells by suppressing FOXD2-AS1-mediated EZH2 activation on anti-oncogenes. Our findings offer the possibility of exploiting curcumol as a promising therapeutic agent for glioma treatment and may provide an option for the clinical application of this natural herbal medicine.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DOS ANIMAIS NO CUIDAR DE ENFERMAGEM: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Figueiredo Rogério Carvalho de , Da Silva Rosália Freitas , Teixeira Márcia Maria Coelho , Silva Leidiany Souza , Silva Rafael Souza 
Published: April 2021

RESUMO A terapia assistida por animais (TAA) é um método com discernimentos específicos a qual o animal é um componente fundamental no tratamento, e que vêm favorecendo a evolução do estado físico, emocional e melhorar a aparência social do paciente, com diversos benefícios. Este estudo teve como objetivo evidenciar as contribuições dos animais no processo de cuidar dos profissionais da enfermagem em pacientes hospitalizados. Refere-se a um estudo descritivo, qualitativo, que seguiu os pressupostos da revisão bibliográfica narrativa, orientado a partir da questão: “Qual a contribuição dos animais no processo de cuidar em Enfermagem à pacientes hospitalizados?”. Foram utilizadas produções científicas publicadas no período de 2005 a 2018. A busca das produções ocorreu durante os meses de setembro e outubro de 2018 nas bases de dados BIREME, LILACS, SCIELO, Google Acadêmico e Repositórios de Teses e Dissertações de Universidades Federais. Os estudos mostram inúmeros benefícios com intervenções que utilizam animais no cuidar de enfermagem, tendo como princípio o amor e a amizade que surgem entre o ser humano e os animais. O convívio com esses animais podem trazer benefícios como: facilitar o processo de adaptação à doença e ao ambiente hospitalar, maior e melhor coordenação motora, melhora na função cognitiva, desenvolvimento eficiente e mais rápido do campo visual e do envolvimento com o mundo exterior, além de reduzir a ansiedade e o estresse. A enfermagem, com seu cuidado direto ao paciente, é muito beneficiada pela TAA, pois ela facilita o vínculo com os pacientes e a comunicação entre eles. Palavras-chaves: terapia assistida por animais; animais; cuidado de enfermagem.
κ-casein polymorphism effect on technological properties of dried milk
Authors: Vafin Ramil , Radaeva Iskra , Kruchinin Alexandr , Illarionova Elena , Bigaeva Alana , Turovskaya Svetlana , Belozerov Georgy , Gilmanov Khamid , Yurova Elena 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Numerous molecular genetic studies have revealed a correlation between the polymorphism of milk protein genes and the technological properties of milk raw materials. DNA analysis, in particular, initiated research into the influence of allelic variants of κ-casein (CSN3) on thermal stability and cheese suitability of milk. This gives relevance to our study that compares the results of genotypic identification of lactating cows by the κ-casein gene, using raw and processed milk samples.
Study objects and methods. Our study used raw and reconstituted milk samples from first-calf cows of the black motley breed with the AA and BB genotypes of the κ-casein gene. The samples were analyzed by standardized and generally accepted chemical engineering methods, as well as by capillary electrophoresis and PCR-RFLP analysis.
Results and discussion. We compared the results of tests on thermal stability and cheese suitability of raw and reconstituted milk samples from cows with the AA and BB genotypes of the κ-casein gene. We tried out an integrated approach to monitoring milk raw materials based on the most relevant technological criteria and correlating the data with the associated CSN3 gene identification parameters. The PCR-RFLP analysis revealed reproducible results for both raw and dried milk samples in relation to the genotypical identification by the A- and B- allelic variants of the CSN3 gene. The tests showed higher thermal stability in the reconstituted milk from the BB genotype cow and better cheese suitability in the AA genotype sample.
Conclusion. We developed a system for evaluating milk raw materials based on the most important technological parameters in combination with their genotypic characteristics. Our research procedure can unify the accumulation of experimental data and contribute to the formation of bioinformatics algorithms. This approach can be used in mathematical modeling of criteria to evaluate the compliance of the technological properties of milk with the recommended indicators.
Detection and attribution of reference evapotranspiration change (1951–2020) in the Upper Yangtze River Basin of China
Authors: Wang Manlin , Zhang Yu , Lu Yan , Gong Xulong , Gao Li 
Published: April 2021

AbstractReference evapotranspiration (ET0) indicates atmospheric evaporating capability over a hypothetical reference surface. ET0 is an important hydrological and meteorological variable to reflect climate change. This is particularly true for the Upper Yangtze River Basin (UYRB), which is vulnerable and sensitive to changing environment. This study aims to provide a newer and longer description of ET0 change and the causes at basin and subbasin scales in the UYRB. Based on the observed data from 1951 to 2020, ET0 in the entire UYRB and subbasins is estimated using the Penman–Montieth method with local calibration. The spatial–temporal characteristics in ET0 change are identified from time-series analysis. Our results show that ET0 increases significantly by 3.3 mm/year in the entire UYRB. Stations with significant increases in annual ET0 are concentrated in the central part of the UYRB, where the mean annual ET0 is low. We further propose an improved method to assess the causes of ET0 change. Our results suggest that the relative humidity decrease has the most dominant effect, causing 4.69 mm/year of ET0 increase. Temperature increase tends to cause 1.26 mm/year of ET0 increase. Sunshine duration decrease and wind speed decrease contribute to 1.96 and 0.48 mm/year of ET0 decrease.