bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological variability in Lophyra flexuosa (Fabricius, 1787) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae) in desert countries is affected by sexual dimorphism and geographic aspect
Authors: Jaskuła Radomir , Schwerk Axel , Płóciennik Mateusz 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLophyra flexuosa, a eurytopic tiger beetle characterized by long phenological activity, wide geographic and altitudinal distribution, and occurring in the highest number of habitats among all Cicindelidae known from North Africa, was chosen to study its geographic variation in morphology and sexual dimorphism. Here, we found significant sexual dimorphism exhibited in larger body size of females and longer mandibles in males, which can be explained by different roles of particular sexes in courtship. Moreover, we recorded significant differences in body sizes between western and eastern Maghreb populations which could suggest genetic isolation between these populations. As the species is related to habitats placed close to the water reservoirs, which in the desert countries are under significant human pressure (including climate change), we expect a reduction of habitat occupied by this taxon. Therefore, the geographic morphological variability that we observe today in the tiger beetle Lophyra flexuosa in the future could lead to speciation.
Decay of similarity across tropical forest communities: integrating spatial distance with soil nutrients
Authors: Peguero Guille , Ferrín Miquel , Sardans Jordi , Verbruggen Erik , Ramírez‐Rojas Irene , Van Langenhove Leandro , Verryckt Lore T. , Murienne Jerome , Iribar Amaia , Zinger Lucie , Grau Oriol , Orivel Jerome , Stahl Clément , Courtois Elodie A. , Asensio Dolores , Gargallo‐Garriga Albert , Llusià Joan , Margalef Olga , Ogaya Romà , Richter Andreas , Janssens Ivan A. , Peñuelas Josep 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms that drive the change of biotic assemblages over space and time is the main quest of community ecology. Assessing the relative importance of dispersal and environmental species selection in a range of organismic sizes and motilities has been a fruitful strategy. A consensus for whether spatial and environmental distances operate similarly across spatial scales and taxa, however, has yet to emerge. We used censuses of four major groups of organisms (soil bacteria, fungi, ground insects, and trees) at two observation scales (1‐m2 sampling point vs. 2,500‐m2 plots) in a topographically standardized sampling design replicated in two tropical rainforests with contrasting relationships between spatial distance and nutrient availability. We modeled the decay of assemblage similarity for each taxon set and site to assess the relative contributions of spatial distance and nutrient availability distance. Then, we evaluated the potentially structuring effect of tree composition over all other taxa. The similarity of nutrient content in the litter and topsoil had a stronger and more consistent selective effect than did dispersal limitation, particularly for bacteria, fungi, and trees at the plot level. Ground insects, the only group assessed with the capacity of active dispersal, had the highest species turnover and the flattest nonsignificant distance−decay relationship, suggesting that neither dispersal limitation nor nutrient availability were fundamental drivers of their community assembly at this scale of analysis. Only the fungal communities at one of our study sites were clearly coordinated with tree composition. The spatial distance at the smallest scale was more important than nutrient selection for the bacteria, fungi, and insects. The lower initial similarity and the moderate variation in composition identified by these distance‐decay models, however, suggested that the effects of stochastic sampling were important at this smaller spatial scale. Our results highlight the importance of nutrients as one of the main environmental drivers of rainforest communities irrespective of organismic or propagule size and how the overriding effect of the analytical scale influences the interpretation, leading to the perception of greater importance of dispersal limitation and ecological drift over selection associated with environmental niches at decreasing observation scales.
Additional burden of iron deficiency in heart failure patients beyond the cardio‐renal anaemia syndrome: findings from the BIOSTAT‐CHF study
Authors: Alnuwaysir Ridha I.S. , Grote Beverborg Niels , Hoes Martijn F. , Markousis‐Mavrogenis George , Gomez Karla A. , van der Wal Haye H. , Cleland John G.F. , Dickstein Kenneth , Lang Chim C. , Ng Leong L. , Ponikowski Piotr , Anker Stefan D. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Voors Adriaan A. , van der Meer Peter 
Published: November 2021

AimsWhereas the combination of anaemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been extensively studied in patients with heart failure (HF), the contribution of iron deficiency (ID) to this dysfunctional interplay is unknown. We aimed to assess clinical associates and pathophysiological pathways related to ID in this multimorbid syndrome.Methods and resultsWe studied 2151 patients with HF from the BIOSTAT‐CHF cohort. Patients were stratified based on ID (transferrin saturation <20%), anaemia (World Health Organization definition) and/or CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2). Patients were mainly men (73.3%), with a median age of 70.5 (interquartile range 61.4–78.1). ID was more prevalent than CKD and anaemia (63.3%, 47.2% and 35.6% respectively), with highest prevalence in those with concomitant CKD and anaemia (77.5% vs. 59.3%; p < 0.001). There was a considerable overlap in biomarkers and pathways between patients with isolated ID, anaemia or CKD, or in combination, with processes related to immunity, inflammation, cell survival and cancer amongst the common pathways. Key biomarkers shared between syndromes with ID included transferrin receptor, interleukin‐6, fibroblast growth factor‐23, and bone morphogenetic protein 6. Having ID, either alone or on top of anaemia and/or CKD, was associated with a lower overall summary Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score, an impaired 6‐min walk test and increased incidence of hospitalizations and/or mortality in multivariable analyses (all p < 0.05).ConclusionIron deficiency, CKD and/or anaemia in patients with HF have great overlap in biomarker profiles, suggesting common pathways associated with these syndromes. ID either alone or on top of CKD and anaemia is associated with worse quality of life, exercise capacity and prognosis of patients with worsening HF.
Synthesis and Studies of Potential Inhibitors of CD73 Based on a Triazole Scaffold
Authors: Grosjean Félix , Cros‐Perrial Emeline , Braka Abdenour , Uttaro Jean‐Pierre , Chaloin Laurent , Jordheim Lars Petter , Peyrottes Suzanne , Mathé Christophe 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase CD73 is involved in the production of immunosuppressive adenosine in the tumoral microenvironment and recently became a validated target in immuno‐oncology. To avoid formation of CD73‐produced adenosine, several series of potential inhibitors of the target enzyme based on a triazole scaffold were synthetized and evaluated on recombinant purified hCD73 and in cell‐based assays.
Ring Opening and Closure Reactions of β‐Propiolactone in the Superacids HF/MF5 (M=Sb, As)
Authors: Beck Stefanie , Jessen Christoph , Kornath Andreas J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTransformations of β‐propiolactone in the binary superacidic systems HF/MF5 (M=Sb, As) were investigated at different temperatures. Salts of monoprotonated 3‐hydroxypropanoyl fluoride [H2O(CH2)2C(O)F][SbF6] (1) and [H2O(CH2)2C(O)F][AsF6] (2) were obtained by performing the reactions at temperatures lower than −40 °C. In contrast, temperatures higher than −40 °C yield the respective salts [C9H15O6][SbF6]3 (3) and [C9H15O6][AsF6]3 (4) containing a cyclic trication. The protonated species of β‐propiolactone was not observed. All salts were characterized by low temperature Raman and IR spectroscopy. In addition, single‐crystal X‐ray analyses were performed for (1) and (3). For both cations the existence of a cationic acyl species as a reactive intermediate in the form of [HO(CH2)2CO][MF6] is assumed. The formation of the acyl cation, based on protonated β‐propiolactone, was investigated by quantum chemical calculations on the MP2/aug‐cc‐pVTZ level of theory.
Heterostructural NiCo2O4 Nanocomposites for Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensing
Authors: Yang Shuying , Wang Yahui , Sheng Qinglin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHierarchical nanocomposites consisting of NiCo2O4 nanorods and NiCo2O4 nanoparticles through a straightforward two‐step hydrothermal process was employed as a working electrode to examine the electrochemical behavior of glucose. The NiCo2O4@NiCo2O4 heterostructures was confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray powder diffractometer (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemistry analysis. Results indicated that glucose is electrochemically oxidized with improved sensitivity at the NiCo2O4@NiCo2O4 sensor, compared to NiCo2O4 sensors. Analytical parameters such as the optimal potential (0.45 V), linear range from 0.4 μM to 5.2 mM, limit of detection (1.1 μΜ) (S/N=3), stability and repeatability (2.7 %) demonstrate the suitability of the prepared sensor for glucose analysis. Moreover, the proposed sensor could be used for actual samples analysis in complex matrices.
Applying intensified design of experiments to mammalian cell culture processes
Authors: Nold Verena , Junghans Lisa , Bisgen Lorenzo , Drerup Raphael , Presser Beate , Gorr Ingo , Schwab Thomas , Knapp Bettina , Wieschalka Stefan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe analysis of data collected using design of experiments (DoE) is the current gold standard to determine the influence of input parameters and their interactions on process performance and product quality. In early development, knowledge on the bioprocess of a new product is limited. Many input parameters need to be investigated for a thorough investigation. For eukaryotic cell cultures, intensified DoE (iDoE) has been proposed as efficient tool, requiring fewer bioreactor runs by introducing setpoint changes during the bioprocess. We report the first successful application of iDoE to mammalian cell culture, performing sequential setpoint changes in the growth phase for the selected input parameters temperature and dissolved oxygen. The process performance data were analyzed using ordinary least squares regression. Our results indicate iDoE to be applicable to mammalian bioprocesses and to be a cost‐efficient option to inform modeling early on during process development. Even though only half the number of bioreactor runs were used in comparison to a classical DoE approach, the resulting models revealed comparable input‐output relations. Being able to examine several setpoint levels within one bioreactor run, we confirm iDoE to be a promising tool to speed up biopharmaceutical process development.
Development of Fluoride Protective Values for Aquatic Life Using Empirical Bioavailability Models
Authors: Parker Samuel P. , Wilkes Austin E. , Long Gary R. , Goulding Nigel W. E. , Ghosh Rajat S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The derivation of protective values for aquatic life can be enhanced by the development and use of bioavailability models. Recent advances to metals bioavailability modeling are applicable to other analyte groups and should be widely considered. We conducted a meta-analysis of the available aquatic toxicity literature for fluoride to evaluate the utility of hardness, alkalinity, and chloride as toxicity-modifying factors (TMFs) in empirical bioavailability models of freshwater taxa. The resulting optimal multiple linear regression model predicting acute fluoride toxicity to the invertebrate Hyalella azteca included all three TMFs (observed vs. predicted 50% lethal concentrations, R2 = 0.88) and the optimal model predicting toxicity to the fish Oncorhynchus mykiss included alkalinity and hardness (R2 = 0.37). At &gt;20 mg/L chloride, the preliminary final acute values for fluoride were within 1 order of magnitude and ranged from approximately 18.1 to 56.3 mg/L, depending on water chemistry. Sensitivity of H. azteca to low-chloride conditions increased model uncertainty when chloride was &lt;20 mg/L. Because of limited toxicity data, chronic bioavailability models were not developed, and final chronic values were derived using an acute-to-chronic ratio (ACR) approach. Accounting for TMFs, the geometric mean ACR was 5.4 for fish and invertebrate taxa (n = 6). The present assessment highlights the need to expand bioavailability modeling to include inorganic anions, particularly fluoride, and demonstrates that existing promulgated protective values for fluoride are likely overly conservative. More toxicological studies are recommended to further refine multivariate empirical bioavailability models for inorganic anions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:396–409. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Hardness, alkalinity, and chloride are toxicity-modifying factors that influence the bioavailability of fluoride to freshwater taxa. Toxicity-modifying factors need to be considered when assessing protective values for aquatic life, such as the final acute value. FAV = final acute value; TMF = toxicity-modifying factor.
Dynamic of recovery growth of intercropped soybean after maize harvest in maize–soybean relay strip intercropping system
Authors: Wu Yushan , Gong Wanzhuo , Yang Feng , Wang Xiaochun , Yong Taiwen , Liu Jiang , Pu Tian , Yan Yanhong , Yang Wenyu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRecovery growth is common in relay intercropping systems and is a useful practice to increase total productivity of these systems. A field experiment was conducted during 2014–2016 to investigate the phenotypic and physiological traits related to light interception and utilization changes and cultivars difference of soybean during the recovery growth period. Two cropping patterns (maize–soybean relay strip intercropping (RSI), analogous soybean monoculture (CK)) and two soybean cultivars (shade‐tolerant Nandou12 and shade non‐tolerant Jiuyuehuang) were evaluated. During the co‐growth period, the growth of both two soybean cultivars was suppressed and showed a series of shade avoidance traits. After maize harvest, the LAI and leaflet number of intercropped soybean exhibited rapid growth, the LAI of Nandou12 (3.09) and Jiuyuehuang (1.32) recovered to 79% and 43% of corresponding CK level, respectively. Subsequently, final biomass of Nandou12 (3972.7 kg ha−1) and Jiuyuehuang (2263.3 kg ha−1) recovered 85.7% and 52% of corresponding CK level, respectively. Leaf blade thickness of Nandou12 recovered to the corresponding CK level, while Jiuyuehuang was not. Pn recovered to 84.5% and 82.8% of sole Pn at 80 days after soybean sowing in 2015 and to 72% and 91.2% at 66 days after soybean sowing in 2016 for Nandou12 and Jiuyuehuang, respectively. The above recovery process promoted the recovery of pod formation and grain yield. The yield of Nandou12 (1159.5 kg ha−1) has no significant difference between the CK level (1325.5 kg ha−1) but significantly higher than that of Jiuyuehuang (566.8 kg ha−1). Taken together, some recovery growth did occur in Jiuyuehuang, but it did not completely compensate for the growth reduction that occurred during the co‐growth period. Shade‐tolerant soybean cultivar has more stronger recovery growth ability in LAI, leaflet number, leaf thickness, and photosynthesis after maize harvest, which promoted the recovery growth of aboveground biomass and grain yield.
Degradation studies using machine learning on novel solid oxide cell database
Authors: Padinjarethil, Aiswarya Krishnakumar , Pollok, Stefan , Hagen, Anke 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith the current progress in solid oxide cell (SOC) technology towards commercial products, better durability is vital. Continuous advancements in technology and material discovery demand the understanding of underlying degradation mechanisms. It remains a challenge to experimentally assess the lifetime using conventional mapping by long‐term testing.In this work, a statistical approach based on machine learning was utilized for assessing the lifetime of SOCs. An in‐house SOC dataset consisting of about 2135 tests under different test conditions over the past ca. 20 years with different cell materials was used as the basis for a novel database. Degradation parameters were defined using values obtained from impedance analysis at open‐circuit voltage before (and after) durability testing and parameters recorded during the durability tests. To apply machine learning approaches, data visualization was first carried out, followed by correlation analysis between the different input parameters. Machine learning approaches such as single and multivariable linear regression were applied. Such a study on a diverse dataset would enable an inclusive lifetime prediction for wider datasets, independent of changes in testing environments as well as for various cell operation modes.
Pcsk9 Deletion Promotes Murine Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Hepatic Carcinogenesis: Role of Cholesterol
Authors: Ioannou George N. , Lee Sum P. , Linsley Peter S. , Gersuk Vivian , Yeh Matthew M. , Chen Yen‐Ying , Peng Yi‐Jen , Dutta Moumita , Mascarinas Gabby , Molla Bruk , Cui Julia Yue , Savard Christopher 
Published: November 2021

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (Pcsk9) binds to hepatic low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and induces its internalization and degradation. Pcsk9 inhibition increases LDLR expression by hepatocytes, which causes increased uptake of circulating LDL, thereby reducing plasma LDL‐cholesterol. However, by increasing the uptake of LDL by the liver, Pcsk9 inhibition increases the exposure of the liver to cholesterol, which may result in higher risk of steatohepatitis and ever carcinogenesis. We compared Pcsk9‐/‐ knockout (KO) mice and appropriate wild‐type (WT) controls of the same strain assigned to a high‐fat (15%, wt/wt) diet for 9 months supplemented with 0.25%, 0.5%, or 0.75% dietary cholesterol. Pcsk9 KO mice on a high‐fat, high‐cholesterol diet exhibited higher levels of hepatic free cholesterol loading and hepatic cholesterol crystallization than their WT counterparts. Pcsk9 KO mice developed crown‐like structures of macrophages surrounding cholesterol crystal‐containing lipid droplets and hepatocytes, exhibited higher levels of apoptosis, and developed significantly more hepatic inflammation and fibrosis consistent with fibrosing steatohepatitis, including 5‐fold and 11‐fold more fibrosis at 0.5% and 0.75% dietary cholesterol, respectively. When injected with diethylnitrosamine, a hepatic carcinogen, early‐in‐life Pcsk9 KO mice were more likely to develop liver cancer than WT mice. Conclusion: Pcsk9 KO mice on high‐cholesterol diets developed increased hepatic free cholesterol and cholesterol crystals and fibrosing steatohepatitis with a higher predisposition to liver cancer compared with WT mice. Future studies should evaluate whether patients on long‐term treatment with anti‐PSCK9 monoclonal antibodies are at increased risk of hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis or liver cancer, while accounting for concurrent use of statins.
Outcome of patients with mantle cell lymphoma after autologous stem cell transplantation in the pre‐CAR T‐cell era
Authors: Mathys Anina , Bacher Ulrike , Banz Yara , Legros Myriam , Mansouri Taleghani Behrouz , Novak Urban , Pabst Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients can be treated with intensive induction therapy, followed by high dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for consolidation and subsequent anti‐CD20 maintenance. For patients relapsing after bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, CAR T‐cell therapy became available in late 2020 fueling the interest in outcomes of relapsing MCL patients. We retrospectively analyzed the outcome of MCL patients receiving HDCT/ASCT at our center between 2000 and 2021, thus, before availability of CAR‐T cells. We identified 97 MCL patients undergoing HDCT/ASCT in this period with a median follow‐up of 52 months. 43 (44%) patients ultimately relapsed, and 29 (30%) have died. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) for the entire cohort was 48 months and overall survival (OS) was 202 months. Relapsing patients had a median PFS of only 28 months and median OS of 105 months. The OS of relapsing patients receiving BTK inhibitors was 148 versus 78 months in patients who never received BTK inhibitors (p = 0.1175). Even after HDCT/ASCT, a substantial proportion of MCL patients will relapse and ultimately die of the disease, emphasizing the need for new therapeutic options including CAR T‐cell treatment for this lymphoma subtype.
Reassessing the Pediatric Dosing Recommendations for Unfractionated Heparin Using Real‐World Data: A Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Modeling Approach
Authors: Salem Ahmed M. , Niu Tao , Li Chao , Moffett Brady S. , Ivaturi Vijay , Gopalakrishnan Mathangi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOptimal pediatric dosing of unfractionated heparin (UFH) is challenging because of the paucity of clinical outcome and pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) studies in pediatrics. This study aimed to: (i) develop a PK/PD model for UFH, quantified by anti‐factor Xa assay, and the UFH effect, measured by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT); and (ii) use simulations to evaluate pediatric UFH infusions for achieving the anti‐factor Xa (0.3–0.7 IU/mL) therapeutic target. Electronic health record data were retrospectively collected from 633 patients aged <19 years admitted to Texas Children's Hospital. The PK/PD model was developed using a 70% (training)/30% (testing) split‐sample approach. A 1‐compartment PK model with linear elimination adequately described the UFH PK. An allometrically scaled body weight on clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (Vd) with an age‐dependent maturation function of extracellular water on Vd were the covariates identified. Comparable with literature, the typical values for CL and Vd were 3.28 L/(h·50 kg) and 8.83 L/50 kg, respectively. A linear model adequately described the UFH–aPTT relationship with an estimated slope of 150 seconds/(IU/mL). Simulations of the currently recommended starting infusions (28 IU/h/kg for pediatrics <1 year old or 20 IU/h/kg for pediatrics >1 year old) showed that the anti‐factor Xa therapeutic target was achieved only in 15.3%, 14.6%, 36.9%, and 45.11% of subjects in the age groups of <1 year, 1–6 years, 6–12 years, and 12–19 years, respectively. In conclusion, the UFH anti‐factor Xa target is not achieved initially, especially in young pediatrics, suggesting the need to optimize UFH dosing to achieve higher therapeutic success.
Rethinking the role of team mindfulness in team relationship conflict: A conflict management perspective
Authors: Ni Dan , Zheng Xiaoming , Liang Lindie H. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryWhy and when does team mindfulness help to reduce team relationship conflict? To answer this question, we develop and test a theoretical model that builds on Deutsch's theory of cooperation and competition. A two‐wave time‐lagged survey was conducted with 68 teams in an airline food service company located in China. The results showed that team mindfulness was negatively related to team relationship conflict via an increased cooperative conflict approach and a decreased competitive conflict approach. Further, high team job demands were shown to weaken the positive direct effect of team mindfulness on a cooperative conflict approach, as well as the indirect effect of team mindfulness on team relationship conflict via a cooperative approach. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed.