bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fallbericht: das Broken-Heart-Syndrom im Rettungsdienst: „und sie starb (zum Glück nicht) am gebrochenen Herzen …“
Authors: Switalski Jörg , Lechleuthner Alex 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungEine 62-jährige, normgewichtige Patientin wird an einem schwülwarmen Sommernachmittag (30° Celsius) nach initialer Synkope mit Bewusstlosigkeit im häuslichen Umfeld bei klinischem Verdacht auf ein akutes Koronarsyndrom (AKS) (retrosternale linksbetonte Schmerzsymptomatik, typische EKG-Veränderungen) präklinisch entsprechend der Leitlinie des European Resuscitation Council (ERC) therapiert und nach Voranmeldung in ein Krankenhaus mit Herzkatheterbereitschaft transportiert. In der unmittelbar bei Aufnahme durchgeführten Echokardiographie wird die Verdachtsdiagnose eines Tako-Tsubo-Syndroms gestellt und mittels nachfolgend durchgeführter Herzkatheteruntersuchung (HKT) durch Ausschluss einer koronaren Herzerkrankung (KHK) bestätigt. Das Broken-Heart-Syndrom beschreibt eine akut auftretende Kardiomyopathie, häufig verbunden mit den typischen klinischen Zeichen eines AKS. Vermutete Ursache ist ein extrem hoher Anstieg von Stresshormonen. Eine präklinische Abgrenzung zu einem
Myokardinfarkt auf dem Boden einer KHK ist nicht sicher möglich.
Primary Malignant Orbital Tumors
Authors: Laplant Jacquelyn , Cockerham Kimberly 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective Primary orbital malignancy is rare. Awareness of the characteristic clinical and imaging features is imperative for timely identification and management. Surgery remains an important diagnostic and treatment modality for primary orbital malignancy, but determining the optimal surgical approach can be challenging. The purpose of this article is to explore recent advances in the diagnosis, management, and surgical approaches for primary orbital malignancies.
Design In this review, the clinical presentation, imaging features, and medical and surgical management of primary orbital malignancies with representative cases will be discussed.
Setting Outpatient and inpatient hospital settings.
Participants Patients with diagnosed primary orbital malignancies.
Main Outcome Measures Descriptive outcomes.
Results Advancements in orbital imaging, microsurgical techniques, and multimodal therapy have improved the diagnosis and management of primary orbital malignancies. Special considerations for biopsy or resection are made based on the tumor's location, characteristics, nearby orbital structures, and goals of surgery. Minimally invasive techniques are supplanting traditional approaches to orbital surgery with less morbidity.
Conclusions Advances in imaging technologies and surgical techniques have facilitated the diagnosis and management of primary orbital malignancies. Evolution toward less invasive orbital surgery with focus on preservation and restoration of function is underway.
Spontaneous Broad Ligament Hematoma after Vaginal Delivery Requiring Hysterectomy
Authors: Varvoutis Megan , Nguyen Nguyen Thao Thi , Grotegut Chad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Broad ligament hematomas are rare in the setting of vaginal delivery. When they do occur, patients typically present with acute hemodynamic instability. No cases of infected broad ligament hematomas have been reported.
Case A 22-year-old G2 P1011 status post vaginal delivery complicated by chorioamnionitis and pre-eclampsia presented 5 days postpartum with subjective complaints of fever, vomiting, and increased vaginal bleeding. She was treated with antibiotics and uterine evacuation was planned for presumed retained products. After dilation and curettage, the patient was transferred to our facility, as her clinical status did not improve, and was later found to have an infected broad ligament hematoma requiring hysterectomy.
Conclusion Though uncommon, broad ligament hematomas should be considered in postpartum women presenting with anemia and vaginal bleeding, even without hemodynamic instability. Recent intrauterine infections may predispose to hematoma infection.
Speaker’s verbal behavior and collective audience responses in Korean political oratory
Authors: Choi Hyangmi , Bull Peter 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
An analysis was conducted of the discourse of South Korean political speakers in relation to collective audience
responses, based on three situational contexts. Results showed marked contextual differences in the formatting of messages used to
invite audience responses. In campaign speeches, explicit (dialogic) rhetorical devices (RDs) occurred most frequently, thereby
supporting Bull and Miskinis’ (2015) hypothesis that such RDs are characteristic of
political speech-making in collectivist far eastern societies. However, this hypothesis was substantively qualified by findings
that (1) in the acceptance and inauguration speeches, implicit RDs were utilized more frequently than explicit (dialogic) RDs, and
(2) in those two contexts, it was non-formatted messages that occurred more frequently than either explicit or implicit RDs
separately.
Topological phase transition induced by band structure modulation in a Chern insulator
Authors: Mondal Sayan , Kapri Priyadarshini , Dey Bashab , Ghosh Tarun Kanti , Basu Saurabh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We study a systematic evolution of the topological properties of a Chern insulator upon smooth variation of a hopping parameter (t
1) of the electrons among a pair of nearest neighbour sites on a honeycomb lattice, while keeping the other two hopping terms (t) fixed. In the absence of a Haldane flux, the tuning of t
1 results in gradual shifting of the Dirac cones which eventually merge into one at the M point in the Brillouin zone (BZ) at t
1 = 2t with a gapless semi-Dirac dispersion at low energies. In the presence of a Haldane flux, the system becomes a Chern insulator for t
1 < 2t, but turns gapless at t
1 = 2t with the semi-Dirac dispersion being transformed to an anisotropic Dirac one. The spectrum eventually gaps out and transforms into a trivial insulator for t
1 > 2t. The Chern number phase diagram obtained via integrating the Berry curvature over the BZ shows a gradual shrinking of the ‘topological’ lobes, and vanishes just beyond t
1 = 2t, where a small but a finite Berry curvature still exists. Thus, there is a phase transition from a topological phase to a trivial phase across the semi-Dirac point (t
1 = 2t). The vanishing of the anomalous Hall conductivity plateau and the merger of the chiral edge states with the bulk bands near the M point provide robust support of the observed phase transition.
Synthesis and bioconjugation of alkanethiol-stabilized gold bipyramid nanoparticles
Authors: Abdul-Moqueet Mohammad M , Tovias Leeana , Lopez Priscilla , Mayer Kathryn M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Gold bipyramid (GBP) nanoparticles are promising for a range of biomedical applications, including biosensing and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, due to their favorable optical properties and ease of chemical functionalization. Here we report improved synthesis methods, including preparation of gold seed particles with an increased shelf life of ∼1 month, and preparation of GBPs with significantly shortened synthesis time (< 1 h). We also report methods for the functionalization and bioconjugation of the GBPs, including functionalization with alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and bioconjugation with proteins via carbodiimide cross-linking. Binding of specific antibodies to the nanoparticle-bound proteins was subsequently observed via localized surface plasmon resonance sensing. Rabbit IgG and goat anti-Rabbit IgG antibodies were used as a model system for antibody-antigen interactions. As-synthesized, SAM-functionalized, and bioconjugated bipyramids were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering.
Reading scientists in the high school classroom: peer and teacher mediation
Authors: Pagliarini Cassiano Rezende , Almeida Maria José P M de 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The role of peer and teacher mediation in discussions about two original scientific texts in the final year of high school in Brazil is explored in this study. A text by James C Maxwell, deals with the characterisation of light as an electromagnetic phenomenon, and refers to the continuous manner of the distribution of energy by radiation in space. The other, by Ludwig Boltzmann, is about thermodynamics in its probabilistic conception and some of its consequences for the comprehension of the nature of heat. We analyse some of the students’ interpretations using a version of discourse analysis, developed in Brazil following the French tradition of Michel Pêcheux. We highlight interactions that contribute to the reading of the texts and the mediations of both the teacher and peers that promote the establishment of relevant meanings about physics concepts. The appropriation of their statements about the content is observed in this communicative approach. We contribute to the investigation of physics teaching using strategies informed by a humane scientific and cultural educational perspective in high schools.
Bioimpedance analysis as a tool for hemodynamic monitoring: overview, methods and challenges
Authors: Anand Gautam , Yu Yang , Lowe Andrew , Kalra Anubha 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Recent advances in hemodynamic monitoring have seen the advent of non-invasive methods which offer ease of application and improve patient comfort. Bioimpedance Analysis or BIA is one of the currently employed non-invasive techniques for hemodynamic monitoring. Impedance Cardiography (ICG), one of the implementations of BIA, is widely used as a non-invasive procedure for estimating hemodynamic parameters such as stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO). Even though BIA is not a new diagnostic technique, it has failed to gain consensus as a reliable measure of hemodynamic parameters. Several devices have emerged for estimating CO using ICG which are based on evolving methodologies and techniques to calculate SV. However, the calculations are generally dependent on the electrode configurations (whole body, segmental or localised) as well as the accuracy of different techniques in tracking blood flow changes. Blood volume changes, concentration of red blood cells, pulsatile velocity profile and ambient temperature contribute to the overall conductivity of blood and hence its impedance response during flow. There is a growing interest in investigating limbs for localised BIA to estimate hemodynamic parameters such as pulse wave velocity. As such, this paper summarises the current state of hemodynamic monitoring through BIA in terms of different configurations and devices in the market. The conductivity of blood flow has been emphasized with contributions from both volume and velocity changes during flow. Recommendations for using BIA in hemodynamic monitoring have been mentioned highlighting the suitable range of frequencies (1 kHz–1 MHz) as well as safety considerations for a BIA setup. Finally, current challenges in using BIA such as geometry assumption and inaccuracies have been discussed while mentioning potential advantages of a multi-frequency analysis to cover all the major contributors to blood’s impedance response during flow.
Photoluminescence and temperature dependent polarization response of MgTiO3 synthesised via solid state reaction
Authors: Chattopadhyay K K , Sharma A K , Banerjee D 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Synthesis of MgTiO3 via solid state reaction with excess MgO has been reported. The as prepared sample was characterised via x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. XRD pattern of the sample tells that the MgTiO3 is of single phase which is mainly due to the use of excess of MgO and can be indexed in a hexagonal unit cell. FESEM and HRTEM study shows the structure of the sample. The polarisation responses of the sample under applied electric field have been studied at different temperatures. The enhancement of the area of the polarisation-electric field curve with measurement temperature suggest an increased dielectric loss for the sample. The PL property has also been studied for different excitation energies and the result has been compared with optical gap of the sample as obtained from UV-Vis transmission spectra. Efforts have been made to correlate the two properties of the sample.
Photocatalytic properties of nanosized zinc ferrite and zinc chromite
Authors: Shabelskaya N P , Egorova M A , Vasileva E V , Polozhentsev O E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A simple one-step synthesis of developed surface zinc ferrite is proposed (S
BET = 453.1 m2 g−1). The formation of zinc ferrite, zinc chromite (S
BET = 53.6 m2 g−1), and mixed zinc ferrite-chromite (S
BET = 37.4 m2 g−1) structures is studied. The resulting materials are analysed using x-ray phase and x-ray fluorescence analysis, IR spectrometry, electron microscopy, TGA and BET method. Single-phase sample formation mechanism is proposed, which includes transition element cation chelate complex formation stage in the presence of citric acid and subsequent thermal decomposition of the complexes formed. The synthesised materials exhibited photocatalytic activity in the decomposition of an organic dye under the action of hydrogen peroxide. The highest catalytic activity is demonstrated by zinc ferrite in acidic medium; the calculated reaction rate constant is 0.010 min−1 for ZnFe2O4, 0.008 min−1 for ZnFeCrO4, 0.007 min−1 for ZnCr2O4. The results can be applied to obtain materials suitable for wastewater treatment processes at industrial enterprises where organic dyes are used in production cycles.
Delayed health consequences of COVID-19 lockdown in an older adult
Authors: Aroos Rana , Wong Beatrix Ling Ling , Merchant Reshma Aziz 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We report a case of a retired school teacher who presented with rapid cognitive and functional decline following the COVID-19 lockdown period that was diagnosed as worsening depression by referring physician. This highlights the potentially life-threatening consequences of delayed diagnosis and management of delirium, an often reversible syndrome, due to lockdown restrictions. As the pandemic outlives its initial projections, its downstream impact on an already vulnerable population continues to emerge.
Linking key dimensions of plant phenotypic diversity. A commentary on: ‘Mating systems and life history’
Authors: Pannell John R 
Published: February 2021

This article comments on:
Yue Ma, Spencer C. H. Barrett, Fang-Yuan Wang, Jun-Chen Deng and Wei-Ning Bai, Do annual and perennial populations of an insect-pollinated plant species differ in mating system?, Annals of Botany, Volume 127, Issue 7, 4 June 2021, Pages 853–864, 10.1093/aob/mcaa178
Comparative analysis of root sprouting and its vigour in temperate herbs: anatomical correlates and environmental predictors
Authors: Bartušková Alena , Filartiga Arinawa Liz , Herben Tomáš , Qian Jianqiang , Klimešová Jitka 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Root sprouting (RS), i.e. the ability to form adventitious buds on roots, is an important form of clonal growth in a number of species, and serves as both a survival strategy and a means of spatial expansion, particularly in plants growing in severely and recurrently disturbed habitats. Occurrence and/or success of plants in severely and recurrently disturbed habitats are determined by two components, namely the ability to produce adventitious buds on roots and the vigour of their production. As mechanisms behind different magnitudes of RS remain unclear, our study investigates: (1) whether the presence or absence of specific tissues in roots can promote or limit RS; and (2) whether there is some relationship between RS ability, RS vigour and species niche.

Methods
We studied RS ability together with RS vigour in 182 Central European herbaceous species under controlled experimental conditions. We used phylogenetic logistic regressions to model the presence of RS, RS vigour, the relationship between RS and anatomical traits and the relationship between RS and parameters of species niches.

Key Results
A quarter of herbs examined were able to produce adventitious buds on roots. They were characterized by their preference for open dry habitats, the presence of secondary root thickening and the occurrence of sclerified cortical cells in roots. Root sprouting vigour was not associated with any specific anatomical pattern, but was correlated with the environmental niches of different species, indicating that preferred disturbed and dry habitats might represent a selection pressure for more vigorous root sprouters than undisturbed and wet habitats.

Conclusions
Our study shows that sprouting from roots is quite common in temperate dicotyledonous herbs. Two components of RS – ability and vigour – should be considered separately in future studies. We would also like to focus more attention on RS in herbs from other regions as well as on external forces and internal mechanisms regulating evolution and the functions of RS in both disturbed and undisturbed habitats.
Resolving páramoPoa(Poaceae): morphometric and phylogenetic analysis of the ‘Cucullatacomplex’ of north-west South America
Authors: Sylvester Steven P , Soreng Robert J , Gilliespie Lynn J 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSpecies delimitation in the Poa taxa of the ‘Cucullata complex’ from the páramos of north-west South America, morphologically defined by open panicles and webbed calluses, among other characters, has been complicated by their large morphological variability coupled with a lack of available taxonomic treatments. Using multivariate morphometric and phylogenetic analyses, distinct groupings of taxa were identified including the new páramo taxa, P. bricenoi sp. nov. from Venezuela and P. cucullata subsp. cucullatella subsp. nov. from Ecuador, which are described and illustrated. Poa scabrivaginata is also presented as a new record for Ecuador and páramo vegetation in general. Based on the results from this study, updated descriptions and images are also presented for P. chirripoensis, P. cucullata s.s., P. petrosa and P. scabrivaginata, and an identification key is provided for the species of the Cucullata complex and other open-panicled Poa spp. from Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela.
Shorter and Longer Courses of Antibiotics for Common Infections and the Association With Reductions of Infection-Related Complications Including Hospital Admissions
Authors: Palin Victoria , Welfare William , Ashcroft Darren M , van Staa Tjeerd Pieter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial resistance is a serious global health concern that emphasizes completing treatment course. Recently, the effectiveness of short versus longer antibiotic courses has been questioned. This study investigated the duration of prescribed antibiotics, their effectiveness, and associated risk of infection-related complications.MethodsClinical Practice Research Datalink identified 4 million acute infection episodes prescribed an antibiotic in primary care between January 2014—June 2014, England. Prescriptions were categorized by duration. Risk of infection-related hospitalizations within 30 days was modelled overall and by infection type. Risk was assessed immediately after or within 30 days follow-up to measure confounders given similar and varying exposure, respectively. An interaction term with follow-up time assessed whether hazard ratios (HRs) remained parallel with different antibiotic durations.ResultsThe duration of antibiotic courses increased over the study period (5.2–19.1%); 6–7 days were most common (66.9%). Most infection-related hospitalizations occurred with prescriptions of 8–15 days (0.21%), accompanied by greater risk of infection-related complications compared to patients who received a short prescription (HR: 1.75 [95% CI: 1.54–2.00]). Comparing HRs in the first 5 days versus remaining follow-up showed longer antibiotic courses were no more effective than shorter courses (1.02 [95% CI: 0.90–1.16] and 0.92 [95% CI: 0.75–1.12]). No variation by infection-type was observed.ConclusionsEqual effectiveness was found between shorter and longer antibiotic courses and the reduction of infection-related hospitalizations. Stewardship programs should recommend shorter courses of antibiotics for acute infections. Further research is required for treating patients with a complex medical history.SummaryPrescribing of longer courses increased over the study period. The majority of hospitalizations occurred for patients receiving longer courses. Risk of developing a complication (immediate vs remaining follow-up) found longer courses were no more effective than shorter courses.
Ceftazidime-Avibactam Use for Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase–Producing K. pneumoniae Infections: A Retrospective Observational Multicenter Study
Authors: Tumbarello Mario , Raffaelli Francesca , Giannella Maddalena , Mantengoli Elisabetta , Mularoni Alessandra , Venditti Mario , De Rosa Francesco Giuseppe , Sarmati Loredana , Bassetti Matteo , Brindicci Gaetano , Rossi Marianna , Luzzati Roberto , Grossi Paolo Antonio , Corona Alberto , Capone Alessandro , Falcone Marco , Mussini Cristina , Trecarichi Enrico Maria , Cascio Antonio , Guffanti Elena , Russo Alessandro , De Pascale Gennaro , Tascini Carlo , Gentile Ivan , Losito Angela Raffaella , Bussini Linda , Corti Giampaolo , Ceccarelli Giancarlo , Corcione Silvia , Compagno Mirko , Giacobbe Daniele Roberto , Saracino Annalisa , Fantoni Massimo , Antinori Spinello , Peghin Maddalena , Bonfanti Paolo , Oliva Alessandra , De Gasperi Andrea , Tiseo Giusy , Rovelli Cristina , Meschiari Marianna , Shbaklo Nour , Spanu Teresa , Cauda Roberto , Viale Pierluigi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
A growing body of observational evidence supports the value of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) in managing infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed observational data on use and outcomes of CAZ-AVI therapy for infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase–producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) strains. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify variables independently associated with 30-day mortality. Results were adjusted for propensity score for receipt of CAZ-AVI combination regimens versus CAZ-AVI monotherapy.

Results
The cohort comprised 577 adults with bloodstream infections (n = 391) or nonbacteremic infections involving mainly the urinary tract, lower respiratory tract, and intra-abdominal structures. All received treatment with CAZ-AVI alone (n = 165) or with ≥1 other active antimicrobials (n = 412). The all-cause mortality rate 30 days after infection onset was 25% (146/577). There was no significant difference in mortality between patients managed with CAZ-AVI alone and those treated with combination regimens (26.1% vs 25.0%, P = .79). In multivariate analysis, mortality was positively associated with presence at infection onset of septic shock (P = .002), neutropenia (P &lt; .001), or an INCREMENT score ≥8 (P = .01); with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (P = .04); and with CAZ-AVI dose adjustment for renal function (P = .01). Mortality was negatively associated with CAZ-AVI administration by prolonged infusion (P = .006). All associations remained significant after propensity score adjustment.

Conclusions
CAZ-AVI is an important option for treating serious KPC-Kp infections, even when used alone. Further study is needed to explore the drug’s seemingly more limited efficacy in LRTIs and potential survival benefits of prolonging CAZ-AVI infusions to ≥3 hours.