bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers with vaginal and cesarean deliveries in public hospitals of Addis Ababa
Authors: Mekonnen Adane , Shewangizaw Zewdu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

WHO and UNICEF recommend breastfeeding to be initiated within the first hour of birth. It is possible to initiate breastfeeding within an hour of birth regardless of the method of delivery. Despite this, the practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding remains low in Ethiopia with both delivery modalities. Therefore, this study aims to compare timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors with cesarean and vaginal deliveries in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, 2021.
Methods and materials:

Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to February 2021 in public hospitals of Addis Ababa. 322 mothers within three days of delivery at the postnatal ward of the respective public hospitals were selected. A multi-stage sampling method was employed with the final participants being recruited by systematic random sampling. Data was entered to Epi data Version 4.6 and analysis was performed by SPSS Version 26. A Binary and multivariate logistic regression statistical model was used. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to see the strength of association.
Result

Timely breastfeeding initiation was 79 (51.2%) and 123 (80%) for cesarean and vaginal deliveries. With a vaginal delivery, pre-lacteal feeding (AOR= 5.50, 95% CI:1.83-16.57) was significantly associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding. Multiparty (AOR= 2.14, 95% CI: 1.02-4.50), support from health care worker (AOR= 2.602, 95% CI: 1.16-5.82), and pre-lacteal feeding (AOR= 2.55, 95% CI: 1.13-5.75) were significantly associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding with cesarean delivery.
Conclusion

The rate of timely initiation of breastfeeding differs according to the mode of delivery. Cesarean delivery, as compared to vaginal delivery, was associated with a higher mean and median time for initiation of breastfeeding.
The relationship between serum hepatitis B core-related antigen and hepatitis B virus DNA in treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Baiguo , Jia Lian , Liu Anjing , Liu Ying , Han Tao , Guo Hua , Ding Xian , Yin Weili , Xiang Hui-ling 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aims. The relationship between hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA has already been adequately researched in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection, but there are only a few researches yet on the correlations between HBcrAg and HBV DNA in treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis. Here we explore the correlation between HBcrAg and HBV DNA in this population. Methods. Available data and samples of 98 untreated patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis between October 2018 and October 2019 were analysed. Statistical analyses included baseline characteristics, univariate analysis, stratification analysis, three different analytical models, and a generalized additive model. Results. After adjusting for all recorded confounders (sex, age, diagnosis of primary hepatic carcinoma, total bilirubin（TBIL）, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg), Child–Pugh class, family history of HBV infection, family history of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), and diabetes mellitus), a linear relationship was detected between HBcrAg and HBV DNA (β=0.59, 95%CI=0.34–0.84, P<0.0001). The variational trend of HBcrAg and HBV DNA in each stratified variable (sex, age, HBeAg, family history of HBV infection, family history of HCC, diabetes mellitus, diagnosis of primary hepatic carcinoma, Child–Pugh class, and ALD) were consistent. Conclusion. There was a linear and positive correlation between HBcrAg and HBV DNA in treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.
Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Community Structure And Function In A Improved Biofilter With Odorous Gases
Authors: Ni Jianguo , Yang Huayun , Chen Liqing , Xu Jiadong , Zheng Liangwei , Xie Guojian , Shen Chenjia , Li Weidong , Liu Qi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Biofilters have been broadly applied to degrade the odorous gases from industrial emissions. A industrial scale biofilter was set up to treat the odorous gases. To explore biofilter potentials, the microbial community structure and function must be well defined. Using of improved biofilter, the differences in microbial community structures and functions in biofilters before and after treatment were investigated by metagenomic analysis. Odorous gases have the potential to alter the microbial community structure in the sludge of biofilter. A total of 90,016 genes assigned into various functional metabolic pathways were identified. In the improved biofilter, the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi, and the dominant genera were Thioalkalivibrio, Thauera, and Pseudomonas. Several xenobiotic biodegradation-related pathways showed significant changes during the treatment process. Compared with the original biofilter, Thermotogae and Crenarchaeota phyla were significantly enriched in the improved biofilter, suggesting their important role in nitrogen-fixing. Furthermore, several nitrogen metabolic pathway-related genes, such as nirA and nifA, and sulfur metabolic pathway-related genes, such as fccB and phsA, were considered to be efficient genes that were involved in removing odorous gases. Our findings can be used for improving the efficiency of biofilter and helping the industrial enterprises to reduce the emission of waste gases.
Bmal1- and Per2-mediated Regulation of the Osteogenic Differentiation and Proliferation of Mouse BMSCs by Modulating the Wnt/β-catenin Pathway
Authors: Zheng Jiawen , Zhang Lanxin , Tan Zhen , Zhao Qing , Wei Xiaoyu , Yang Yuqing , Li Rong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Bmal1 and Per2 are the core components of the circadian clock genes(CCGs). Bmal1−/− mice exhibited premature aging characterized by osteoporosis and reduced proliferation ability. The same thing occurred in Per2−/− mice, albeit to a less severe degree. However, whether the effects of Bmal1 and Per2 on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation are synergistic or antagonistic remains unclear. To figure this out, we constructed lentiviral and adenoviral vectors to silence or overexpress Bmal1 or Per2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and applied MTT, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, WB, and ChIP-Seq analyses to identify the underlying mechanism. The results showed Bmal1 and Per2 had synergistic effects on the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, Bmal1 and Per2 inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, accompanied by downregulating Rorα expression and upregulating Rev-erbα expression, both of which were also key elements of CCGs. This may be the mechanism by which Bmal1 and Per2 negatively regulate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
Inhibition of MUS81 By siRNA Reverses Resistance to Cisplatin in Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Bourton Emma C. , Adam-Zahir Sheba , Plowman Piers N. , Al-Ali Hussein Nahidh , Foster Helen A. , Parris Christopher N. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Bacground: Drugs that induce DNA interstrand crosslinks form the mainstay of anticancer treatments for different cancers. These drugs are used to treat ovarian cancer which is the most prevalent gynaecological cancer. Five-year survival rates are approximately 40% and the development of drug resistant disease is an important factor in treatment failure. Methods: In this study a comprehensive evaluation of the expression and function of the site-specific endonuclease MUS81 was conducted. Using quantitative real time PCR analysis and imaging flow cytometry we determined the mRNA and protein expression of MUS81 in three ovarian cancer cell lines and two immortalised human fibroblast cell lines which had been made resistant to cisplatin by chronic exposure. siRNA knockdown of MUS81 was employed to determine the effect on overall cell survival which was assessed using clonogenic assays. Results: In the five cisplatin-resistant cell lines we observed increased MUS81 mRNA expression. In addition MUS81 protein expression in the form of discrete nuclear foci in cells was observed in all cell lines following cisplatin exposure, there being significantly more foci in cisplatin resistant cell lines. siRNA knockdown of MUS81 significantly reduced both mRNA and protein levels in two cell lines (SK-OV-3 and MRC5-SV1 – wild-type and resistant) and critically re-sensitised cisplatin resistant cells to wild-type level, determined by clonogenic assay.Conclusion: MUS81 is central to the development of cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cell lines. Inhibition of MUS81 restored drug sensitivity to the cells. MUS81 may be a useful therapeutic target to overcome drug resistance in ovarian and other cancers.
Vehicular Traffic Noise Modelling of Urban Area- A Contouring &amp; Artificial Neural Network-Based Approach
Authors: Debnath Abhijit , Singh Prasoon Kumar , Banerjee Sushmita 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Road traffic vehicular noise is one of the main sources of environmental pollution in urban areas of India. Also, steadily increasing urbanization, industrialization, infrastructures around city condition causing health risks among the urban populations. In this study we have explored noise descriptors (L10, L90, Ldn, LNI, TNI, NC), contour plotting and finds the suitability of artificial neural networks (ANN) for the prediction of traffic noise all around the Dhanbad township in 15 monitoring stations. In order to develop the prediction model, measuring noise levels of five different hours, speed of vehicles and traffic volume in every monitoring point have been studied and analyzed. Traffic volume, percent of heavy vehicles, Speed, traffic flow, road gradient, pavement, road side carriageway distance factors taken as input parameter, whereas LAeq as output parameter for formation of neural network architecture. As traffic flow is heterogenous which mainly contains 59% 2-wheelers and different vehicle specifications with varying speeds also effects driving and honking behavior which constantly changing noise characteristics. From radial noise diagrams shown that average noise levels of all the stations beyond permissible limit and highest noise levels were found at the speed of 50-55 km/h in both peak and non-peak hours. Noise descriptors clearly indicates high annoyance level in the study area. Artificial neural network with 7-7-5 formation has been developed and found as optimum due to its sum of square and overall relative error 0.858 & .029 in training and 0.458 & 0.862 in testing phase respectively. Comparative analysis between observed and predicted noise level shows very less deviation up to ±0.6 dB(A) and the R2 linear values are more than 0.9 in all five noise hours indicating the accuracy of model. Also, it can be concluded that ANN approach is much superior in prediction of traffic noise level to any other statistical method.
Overview of Some Factors Affecting the Durability and Efficacy of LLINs Used by the Communities in South Region of Cameroon, Central Africa
Authors: AKONO Patrick NTONGA , Mbongue Serge , Hondt Odette Ngo , Takap Francis Noel Nopowo , Ngaha Rachel , Tekapi Williefred Dongmo , Ambeme Parfait Awono , Nkondjio Antonio , Ngoa Laurent Serges Etoundi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are widely used in sub-Saharan Africa to control the transmission of malaria parasites by Anopheles mosquitoes. However, their operational lifespan depends on numerous factors that are often not considered. This paper investigates on some of the factors likely associated with the rapid breakdown of LLINs efficacy in urban and rural settings of the seaport city of Kribi, South Region of Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in June 2019 including: (i) a household survey using standard questionnaire for brands of LLINs used, their maintenance, and coverage rates in study communities, (ii) assessment of the physical integrity of nets, and (iii) WHO cone bioassays to determine the residual efficacy of the nets against wild strains and susceptible reference laboratory strains of Anopheles gambiae s. l. species. Results: A total of 540 households were surveyed, 235 in Kribi- urban and 305 in Kribi-rural. The overall net coverage rate per sleeping space was 68.82%, irrespectively with a similar trend between Kribi-rural (68.98%) and Kribi-urban (68.62%) (p = 0.929). Of the 1,211 LLINs recorded, 64.73% were Interceptor®, 25.44% were PermaNet®, 4.68% were Olyset Net ; the remainder (05.13%) belonged to Yorkool®, Royal Sentry®, Netto®, Super Net® and Panda Net®. The hole indices were significantly correlated to the frequency of washes in kribi-urban as well as kribi-rural settings (p≤ 10-3). Nets washed with ordinary soap had lower hole indices compared to nets washed with corrosive detergents in the two groups of settings in the study area (p≤ 10-4). Likewise, nets dried under the sun significantly recorded a higher hole indices compared to nets dried in a shaded area (p≤ 0.04) in the two groups of settings. Polyethylene fibers were significantly less degraded than polyester fibers. The bio efficacy results revealed 21.6% - 99.6% mortality rates of the Kisumu strain exposed to LLINs washed more than 20 times and from 0.8% to 76.50% for the wild strain. LLINs washed with ordinary soap significantly retained their lethal properties more than LLINs washed with corrosive detergents (p=10-4). Similarly, LLINs dried in the shade retained their lethal properties more than those spread in the sun.Conclusion: Excessive washes, Corrosive detergents and drying regimes are factors that degrade the toxic effect of insecticide impregnated on LLINs. Awareness campaigns are needed to encourage people to adopt good LLIN maintainance practices.
Thermal stability of water polyhedra with square faces
Authors: Gudkovskikh Sergey V. , Kirov Mikhail 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The ability to form numerous crystalline modifications of ice and gas hydrate frameworks is a characteristic feature of water. In fact, this structural variety is much wider due to the proton disorder. Configurations with different arrangements of hydrogen atoms (protons) in hydrogen bonds are not equivalent in their properties. Polyhedral water clusters are convenient objects for studying the effect of proton disorder on the properties of ice-like systems. It was previously established that the stability of water polyhedra is determined by the competition of two factors. The geometric factor gives preference to tetrahedrally coordinated structures with a large number of pentagonal faces. The topological factor takes into account the number of energetically most favorable types of H-bonds. This number increases with the number of square faces. It was found that tetrahedrally coordinated structures are not the most stable. However, these calculations were performed without taking thermal effects into account [Kirov M. V., J. Phys. Chem. A, 2020, 124, 4463−4470]. The purpose of the present article is to study the structural stability of various water polyhedra at different temperatures. In the course of modeling, using the Amoeba force field, the advantage of configurations with a large number of square faces is demonstrated. The structure and energetics of surface defects are studied. Several very stable structures of unusual shape were found, including polyhedra which contain 4-coordinated molecules and polyhedra whose O–H groups are directed to the cluster center. The comparative analysis of cluster stability includes the temperature intervals of melting-like transitions.
Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program on Mental Health Status Among Medical Student in Palestine During COVID Pandemic
Authors: Hanani Ahmad , Badrasawi Manal , Zidan Souzan , Hunjul Marah 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Mental illnesses are widely acknowledged among medical students, at the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on medical students. The main purpose of this study to (1) determine the prevalence of mental disorders among medical students and their associated factors, and (2) to examine the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy on mental health problems among medical students. Methods: Between March and May 2021, we conducted a randomized controlled study on two phases among medical students at An-Najah National University. Data were collected using an online questionnaire and the Arabic version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). We also used the MEDAS tool to assess their Mediterranean Diet (MD) adherence. In the second phase, sixty-six student were recruited and assigned randomly to control and intervention groups. Intervention impact was assessed using 12-item General Health Questionnaire at two time points; baseline, and 8 weeks post-intervention. The interventional model used was the cognitive behavioral therapy, and the control group received no treatment. Results: A total of 329 students were included in the analysis of the first phase of the study. Approximately 28% of students had mental health problems. We found a significant relationship between good mental health status with higher level of physical activity level, longer sleeping hours and shorter entertainment time (p< 0.05). In the second phase of the study, a total of 91 students were included. Overall, using CBT program showed a significant improvement in the outcome measures. At 8 weeks post-intervention, students had lower scores on total GHQ-12, depression and anxiety, and social dysfunction. Conclusion: These findings propose that adequate attention must be paid to the mental health of medical students, and that CBT program can be used for the management of mental health problems among medical students.
Hemispherical Solar Distiller With Truncated Circular Cone-Shaped Reflector Mirrors ( TCC-RM)
Authors: Attia Mohammed El Hadi , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Elbar Ayman Refat Abd , Abdelgaied Mohamed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present study aims to achieve the highest cumulative yield of the hemispherical distillers, by designing and constructing new reflector mirrors, which are truncated circular cone-shaped reflector mirrors (TCC-RM). To obtain the optimum inclination of TCC-RM that achieves a highest hemispherical distiller’s performance, eight inclination angles (10o, 15o, 20o, 25o, 30o, 35o, 40o and 45o with vertical) was experimentally studied. To achieve this, a series of experimental tests were carried out on the three hemispherical solar distillers, the first represents the reference distiller (traditional hemispherical solar distiller- THSD) and the other two devices are the hemispherical solar distiller with truncated circular cone-shaped reflector mirrors (HSD-TCCRM) with different inclination angles. The experimental results indicate that utilizing TCC-RM with a 25o inclination angle achieve the maximum cumulative yield of 8.35 L/m2 with an improvement of 42.74% compared to THSD. While the utilization of TCC-RM with the inclination angles by 30o, 35o, 20o, 40o, and 15o achieves the cumulative yield of 7.9, 7.3, 7.05, 6.67, 6.6 L/m2 compared with 5.85 L/m2 for THSD. On the contrary, adjusting the inclination angle of TCC-RM at 10o, and 45o affects negatively the cumulative yield of the HSD with TCC-RM in comparison with THSD. Based on the data of cumulative yield, daily efficiency, and the economics analysis its recommended to utilized TCC-RM with a 25o inclination angle to achieve the highest performance and minimum distillate cost of hemispherical solar distillers.
Assessing The Sustainable Safety Practices Based On Human Behavior Factors: An Application to Chinese Petrochemical Industry
Authors: Zhang Junqiao , Qu Qiang , Chen Xuebo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Many catastrophic accidents and irreversible environmental pollution have occurred in the petrochemical industry, most of which are caused by human factor errors. Therefore, sustainable safety development is one of the main tasks of petrochemical industry. Behavior-based safety (BBS) management is an effective means to improve human factor errors and reduce accidents. Previous BBS literature studies mainly focused on single method, while rarely combined with other quantitative technical methods. This study proposes an extended BBS approach that combines the application of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) to assess sustainable safety performance of a petrochemical industry. By using the FAHP for design and prioritizing the behavior factors to develop a BBS program and provide a guidance for the safety managers and employees on site. The FCE method is applied to evaluate the sustainable safety performance and this method is a new application of BBS management. To verify the validity of the proposed framework, the FCE results before and after BBS management are compared. The results show that the approach has a positive effect on human factor errors, accident reduction and sustainable safety development. This paper supplements the knowledge system of BBS program in terms of method and carry out two respects and provides leaders with guidance on sustainable safety development.