bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative study of Stroke Survivors’ Perceptions of Secondary Prevention
Authors: Lin Beilei , Zhang Zhenxiang , Thrift Amanda G. , Wang Wenna , Mei Yongxia , Guo Yunfei , Liu Lamei , Liu Fang , Xue Lihong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsTo understand how survivors of stroke perceive secondary prevention and explore their perceived barriers and facilitators using the Theoretical Domains Framework.DesignA qualitative descriptive study.MethodsNineteen survivors of stroke from three hospitals were recruited and interviewed from April 2019 to April 2020. The data were analysed deductively and inductively by content analysis strategies.ResultsThree main themes of perception of secondary prevention were identified, these being active treatment‐seeking, attention to taking medications and negative attitude towards lifestyle changes. Using deductive analysis, eight domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework were reported to be relevant in the secondary prevention behaviour of survivors of stroke that mapped to five ‘barrier’ domains (i.e. knowledge, physical skills, beliefs about capability, beliefs about consequences and optimism) as well as six ‘facilitator’ domains (i.e. knowledge, interpersonal skills, beliefs about capability, intention, emotion and social influences). Using inductive analysis we identified two additional important factors not falling in the domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework. These comprised female spouses’ support and patients’ economic autonomy, both of which could be classified as a facilitator or barrier.ConclusionSurvivors of stroke perceive seeking treatment and using preventive medication as more important than modifying lifestyle behaviours. Knowledge and insight into the barriers and facilitators of secondary prevention in this specific context provides a theoretical and practical basis for the design of future secondary prevention interventions.ImpactStroke survivors’ perceptions of secondary prevention, barriers and facilitators were explored in the context of a developing country. These findings highlight the need to better communicate the importance of improving lifestyle modification and medication adherence, and provide evidence for designing relevant interventions for stroke management in the community.
Investigating the relationship between workplace stressors and caring behaviours of nursing staff in inpatient wards: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Emami Payam , Boozari Pour Mahsa , Zahednezhad Hosein , Khanali Mojen Leila , Naseri Vahid 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of various job stressors on caring behaviours of nursing staff.DesignA cross‐sectional nationwide study.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, descriptive‐correlational study was conducted on 260 nurses employed in the inpatient wards of seven teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran during December 2019–February 2020. The participants were selected via convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the nursing stress scale and the caring behaviours inventory. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis.ResultsThe results of regression analysis indicated that job stress is correlated with nurses' caring behaviours (β = −.36; p = .001). Factors such as workload (β = −.27; p = .001), uncertainty about patient treatment (β = −.26; p = .017) and lack of emotional preparation (β = −.20; p = .017) were the important stressors associated with nurses' caring behaviours.ConclusionsAccording to the results, high levels of perceived job stress due to workload, uncertainty about patient treatment and lack of emotional preparation are associated with lower levels of nurses' caring behaviours.ImpactsThe findings of this study showed that to provide patients with optimal caring behaviours, hospital and nursing managers should design interventions to reduce nurses' job stressors, especially in terms of their interactions with their colleagues and physicians.
m6A regulator‐mediated RNA methylation modification patterns and immune microenvironment infiltration characterization in severe asthma
Authors: Sun Deyang , Yang Huan , Fan Liming , Shen Fenglin , Wang Zhen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification is one of the most prevalent RNA modification forms of eukaryotic mRNA and is an important post‐transcriptional mechanism for regulating genes. However, the role of m6A modification in the regulation of severe asthma has never been reported. Thus, we aimed to investigate the m6A regulator‐mediated RNA methylation modification patterns and immune microenvironment infiltration characterization in severe asthma. In this study, 87 healthy controls and 344 severe asthma cases from the U‐BIOPRED (Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes) programme were used to systematically evaluate the m6A modification patterns mediated by 27 m6A regulators and to investigate the effects of m6A modification on immune microenvironment characteristics. We found that 16 m6A regulators were abnormal and identified two key m6A regulators (YTHDF3 and YTHDC1) and three m6A modification patterns. The study of infiltration characteristics of immune microenvironment found that pattern 2 had more infiltrating immune cells and more active immune response. Besides, it was found that the eosinophils which are very important for severe asthma were affected by YTHDF3 and EIF3B. We also verified key m6A regulators with merip‐seq and found that they were mainly distributed in exons and enriched in 3′UTR. In conclusion, our findings suggested that m6A modification plays a key role in severe asthma, and may be able to guide the future strategy of immunotherapy.
Endogenous tRNA‐derived small RNA (tRF3‐Thr‐AGT) inhibits ZBP1/NLRP3 pathway‐mediated cell pyroptosis to attenuate acute pancreatitis (AP)
Authors: Sun Boshi , Chen Zhuomiaoyu , Chi Qiang , Zhang Yifan , Gao Bo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEndogenous transfer RNA‐derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are newly identified RNAs that are closely associated with the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, but the involvement of tsRNAs in regulating acute pancreatitis (AP) development has not been reported. In this study, we screened out a novel tsRNA, tRF3‐Thr‐AGT, that was aberrantly downregulated in the acinar cell line AR42J treated with sodium taurocholate (STC) and the pancreatic tissues of STC‐induced AP rat models. In addition, STC treatment suppressed cell viability, induced pyroptotic cell death and cellular inflammation in AP models in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of tRF3‐Thr‐AGT partially reversed STC‐induced detrimental effects on the AR42J cells. Next, Z‐DNA‐binding protein 1 (ZBP1) was identified as the downstream target of tRF3‐Thr‐AGT. Interestingly, upregulation of tRF3‐Thr‐AGT suppressed NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)‐mediated pyroptotic cell death in STC‐treated AR42J cells via degrading ZBP1. Moreover, the effects of tRF3‐Thr‐AGT overexpression on cell viability and inflammation in AR42J cells were abrogated by upregulating ZBP1 and NLRP3. Collectively, our data indicated that tRF3‐Thr‐AGT suppressed ZBP1 expressions to restrain NLRP3‐mediated pyroptotic cell death and inflammation in AP models. This study, for the first time, identified the role and potential underlying mechanisms by which tRF3‐Thr‐AGT regulated AP pathogenesis.
A rapid lateral flow assay using immunomagnetic nanoparticles for detecting mango allergen residues in processed foods
Authors: Tsai Wen‐Che , Yin Hsin‐Yi , Lin Ya‐Ting , Liu Hung‐Jen , Tseng Cheng‐Yen , Wen Hsiao‐Wei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study develops a rapid lateral flow assay (LFA) that uses immunomagnetic nanoparticles (IMNPs) to detect mango major allergen (Man i1) in food products. Monoclonal antibodies (2F1 and 21A5) were prepared; mAb‐2F1 was modified on the surface of IMNPs and mAb‐21A5 was immobilized on the test line of the LFA strips. Following optimization, the limit of detection (LOD) of this developed LFA was 6.2 ng/mL for rMan i1 with a linear range of 5–100 ng/mL. The assay also had high specificity in the analysis of nine vegetables and fruits. Furthermore, 22 food products were analyzed by this assay and mango allergens were detected in 13 food products that contained mango. In conclusion, a rapid LFA that uses IMNPs was developed herein for the detection of the major mango allergen Man i1 in processed foods.
Sexual dimorphism in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial preoptic area and suprachiasmatic nucleus in male and female tree shrews
Authors: Ni Rong‐Jun , Shu Yu‐Mian , Luo Peng‐Hao , Zhou Jiang‐Ning 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSex differences in behaviour partly arise from the sexual dimorphism of brain anatomy between males and females. However, the sexual dimorphism of the tree shrew brain is unclear. In the present study, we examined the detailed distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide‐immunoreactive (VIP‐ir) neurons and fibres in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and VIP‐ir fibres in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) of male and female tree shrews. The overall volume of the SCN in male tree shrews was comparable with that in females. However, males showed a significantly higher density of VIP‐ir cells and fibres in the SCN than females. The shape of the VIP‐stained area in coronal sections was arched, elongated or oval in the lateral division (STL) and the anterior part of the medial division (STMA) of the BST and oval or round in the posterior part of the medial division of the BST (STMP). The volume of the VIP‐stained BST in male tree shrews was similar to that in females. The overall distribution of VIP‐ir fibres was similar between the sexes throughout the BST except within the STMA, where darkly stained fibres were observed in males, whereas lightly stained fibres were observed in females. Furthermore, male tree shrews showed a significantly higher intensity of Nissl staining in the medial preoptic area (MPA) and the ventral part of the medial division of the BST than females. These findings are the first to reveal sexual dimorphism in the SCN, BST and MPA of the tree shrew brain, providing neuroanatomical evidence of sexual dimorphism in these regions related to their roles in sex differences in physiology and behaviour.
Prognostic uncertainty in multiple sclerosis: A concept analysis
Authors: Dickerson Kelly Jean 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo report an analysis of the concept of prognostic uncertainty in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).BackgroundThe complexity and ambiguity involved in a diagnosis of MS lead to the occurrence of prognostic uncertainty among patients. A concept analysis is presented that analyses what prognostic uncertainty means to those experiencing the transition between relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.DesignConcept analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Ovid Medline, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases were searched for literature published within the last 10 years using combinations of the terms prognostic and diagnostic uncertainty, and multiple sclerosis along with archival referencing.MethodsThe Walker and Avant method was used to analyse the concept of prognostic uncertainty in patients with MS.ResultsThe defining attributes identified that provide additional context to prognostic uncertainty are illness uncertainty, intolerance of uncertainty and progressive dwindling. Related, contrary, model and borderline cases are presented to further discuss the application of the key attributes to the concept.ConclusionThere are limited data on prognostic uncertainty and multiple sclerosis; however, patients and physicians express uncertainty in understanding one's disease trajectory and determining when a patient with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis has entered the secondary progressive multiple sclerosis disease course leading to ineffective communication and frustration.Relevance to clinical practiceGenetics and genomics have the potential to provide a prognostic factor for addressing the concept of uncertainty as it relates to persons with multiple sclerosis. Moving beyond the concept analysis, a case is made for nurse involvement in genetic and genomic research to conduct trials, translate, and apply these findings to clinical practice and nursing curricula, addressing the uncertainty experienced by those afflicted with chronic illnesses, such as multiple sclerosis.
Can exposure to arguments pro and contra extraversion affect self‐reports of the trait and the attitude toward it?
Authors: Shchebetenko Sergei , Mishkevich Arina M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveChangeability of personality over short‐term intervals has increasingly become a focus of research. However, the role played by argumentation interventions in short‐term variations has scarcely been examined.MethodsIn two experiments (N = 363 and 320), we investigated how processing positive and negative argumentation regarding extraversion (Study 1: watching a lecture; Study 2: elaborating self‐invented arguments) affects self‐reports on this trait and attitude toward it. The experiments included three waves of measurements with argument manipulation (in favor of or against extraversion) immediately prior to Time 2 (Study 2 also included a control group).ResultsMean‐level changes in extraversion across time moments, measured with the longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis, were consistently negligible. Conversely, there were some indications that argumentation about extraversion could have immediate short‐term effects on attitudes toward this trait. The random‐intercept cross‐lagged model showed that rank‐order consistency stemmed from a trait‐like intercept, which was particularly large for trait extraversion compared with the attitude. The autoregressive and cross‐lagged effects of residual within‐person variation were consistently small and mostly nonsignificant.ConclusionOur findings suggest that extraversion and the attitude toward it maintained their temporal continuity within 3 months, even under a single exposure to arguments pro and contra this trait.
A general rank‐dependent approach for distributional comparisons
Authors: Palmisano Flaviana , Petrillo Ida 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper provides a normative model for distributional comparisons that can be easily adapted for the evaluation of public policies. This model considers individuals whose well‐being is characterized by a monetary and a nonmonetary dimension. It also accounts for inequality at the top and bottom of the distribution of both dimensions. It derives third‐order inverse stochastic dominance conditions for classes of social welfare functions satisfying: (i) threshold dependent positional transfer (TDPT) sensitivity with respect to the monetary dimension; (ii) TDPT combined with downside inequality aversion with respect to the nonmonetary dimension; (iii) TDPT combined with upside inequality aversion with respect to the nonmonetary dimension. This paper's results emerge along with the existing one supporting downside inequality aversion both with respect to the monetary and nonmonetary dimension, and upside inequality aversion with respect to the monetary dimension.
Cyclophosphamide and prednisolone for chemotherapy naïve B cell multicentric lymphoma in dogs: 32 cases (2017–2021)
Authors: Todd J. , Thomas P. , Nguyen S. 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to characterise the response rate and toxicity profile of cyclophosphamide and prednisolone given to dogs with newly diagnosed, chemotherapy naïve, B cell multicentric lymphoma.Materials and MethodsDogs with diagnosed with B cell lymphoma naïve to chemotherapy treatment were prospectively identified at the author's institution (2017 to 2021) and given cyclophosphamide as their initial chemotherapeutic agent in combination with prednisolone with owner's consent. Signalment, laboratory findings, stage, treatment response and toxicity were recorded.ResultsThirty‐two dogs were included in the study. The overall response rate in this population of dogs was 84%. Twenty dogs (62%) had a partial response, three dogs (9%) had a complete response, four dogs (12%) had stable disease and five dogs (15%) had progressive disease. Side effects were noted in 47% of patients, with neutropaenia being the most commonly reported.Clinical SignificanceCyclophosphamide and prednisolone were well‐tolerated with limited side effects. The response rate observed in this cohort of dogs with chemotherapy‐naïve B cell multicentric lymphoma is promising. Further comparative studies are required to confirm the safety and effectiveness of this intervention.
Dissecting the labdane‐related diterpenoid biosynthetic gene clusters in rice reveals directional cross‐cluster phytotoxicity
Authors: Li Riqing , Zhang Juan , Li Zhaohu , Peters Reuben J. , Yang Bing 
Published: October 2021

Summary

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food crop and serves as a model cereal plant. It contains two biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for the production of labdane‐related diterpenoids (LRDs), which serve important roles in combating biotic and abiotic stress. While plant BGCs have been subject to genetic analyses, these analyses have been largely confined to the investigation of single genes.

CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated genome editing was used to precisely remove each of these BGCs, as well as simultaneously knock out both BGCs.

Deletion of the BGC from chromosome 2 (c2BGC), which is associated with phytocassane biosynthesis, but not that from chromosome 4 (c4BGC), which is associated with momilactone biosynthesis, led to a lesion mimic phenotype. This phenotype is dependent on two closely related genes encoding cytochrome P450 (CYP) mono‐oxygenases, CYP76M7 and CYP76M8, from the c2BGC. However, rather than being redundant, CYP76M7 has been associated with the production of phytocassanes, whereas CYP76M8 is associated with momilactone biosynthesis. Intriguingly, the lesion mimic phenotype is not present in a line with both BGCs deleted.

These results reveal directional cross‐cluster phytotoxicity, presumably arising from the accumulation of LRD intermediates dependent on the c4BGC in the absence of CYP76M7 and CYP76M8, further highlighting their interdependent evolution and the selective pressures driving BGC assembly.
Strategies and prospects of haploid induction in rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Kyum Mohd , Kaur Harjot , Kamboj Akashdeep , Goyal Lakshay , Bhatia Dharminder 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBeing a model crop as well as a staple food crop, rice possesses a conspicuous position in plant sciences. Doubled haploid (DH) breeding in rice offers multiple advantages over conventional methods via accelerating the process of pure lines development. For ages, several methods have been devised for haploid production in rice. In vitro‐based methods have demonstrated their potential in DH production, but these methods are further impeded by stringent requirements and restricted to few species. Further, unlike maize, the in vivo DH breeding technology is still impractical in rice. Recent findings of the key molecular players behind the haploid induction (HI) trait in maize and rice have shown their potential in rice improvement programmes. In this review, we have discussed different strategies of HI in rice particularly focusing on recent progress made for developing haploid inducer stock (HIS) by employing both conventional and modern approaches. It also focuses on future implications of HIS so that it can be incorporated in the pipeline of modernized rice breeding.
Utility of routine patch testing prior to surgical repair of pectus excavatum: A multidisciplinary experience via retrospective review at a single tertiary care center
Authors: Leonard Nicholas , Droms Rebecca , Lal Karan , Wiss Karen , Aidlen Jeremy T. , Silvestri Dianne , Belazarian Leah 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Nuss procedure is the only implant procedure in which routine, rather than selective, preoperative patch testing is recommended. This practice has recently been called into question.ObjectiveTo evaluate an updated experience of pre‐implant patch testing in patients undergoing the Nuss procedure.MethodsA retrospective chart review of Nuss procedures from 2012 through 2020.ResultsForty‐five patients were identified for data collection. From 2012 to 2014, none of the 14 patients were patch tested. From 2015 to 2020, 26 of 31 (83.9%) were patch tested. Of those tested, only 2 had a positive patch test. A hypoallergenic titanium bar was inserted in each case. In total, there were zero bar reactions.ConclusionThe risks of patch testing are extremely small and should be weighed against the serious implications of even one bar allergy when deciding on future guidelines.
Reversible alopecia in En Coup de Sabre morphea
Authors: Zaaroura Hiba , Pope Elena , Laxer Ronald M. , Sibbald Cathryn 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEn coup de sabre form of morphea often affects the scalp with thickening, sclerosis, dyspigmentation, and scarring alopecia. Traditionally, it has been thought that the alopecia is not responsive to treatment and permanent. This report presents two cases with extensive, apparent scarring alopecia that improved with medical treatment.
Anti Regiospecificity in the Photosensitized Cycloaddition of 4‐Tetrazolouracil Nucleoside†
Authors: Peyrane Frédéric , Denhez Clément , Guillaume Dominique , Clivio Pascale 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of natural pyrimidine nucleobases is devoid of regioselectivity. Although modified pyrimidines have been developed to selectively obtain syn‐cyclobutane isomers, the targeted formation of anti‐cyclobutane isomers has not been addressed yet. Herein, using NMR analyses and DFT calculations, we demonstrate that the acetone photosensitized excitation of the 4‐tetrazolouracil motif in the nucleoside series specifically provides anti‐cyclobutane photoproducts in 51% yield. In addition, the cis stereomer formation is preferred over the trans‐cyclobutane formation (71:29).
Win, lose, or draw: Examining salience, reward memory, and depression with the reward positivity
Authors: Hager Nathan M. , Judah Matt R. , Rawls Eric 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe reward positivity (RewP) is a putative biomarker of depression. Careful control of stimulus properties and manipulation of both stimulus valence and salience could facilitate interpretation of the RewP. RewP interpretation could further be improved by investigating functional outcomes of a blunted RewP in depression, such as reduced memory for rewarding outcomes. This study sought to advance RewP interpretation first by advancing task design through use of neutral (i.e., draw) control trials and counterbalanced feedback stimuli. Second, we examined the RewP’s association with memory and the impact of depression. Undergraduates completed self‐report measures of depression and anhedonia prior to a modified doors task in which words were displayed in colored fonts that indicated win, loss, or draw feedback. Memory of the feedback associated with each word (i.e., source memory) was tested. Results showed that RewP response to wins was more positive than to losses, which was more positive than to draws. The RewP was not associated with depression or anhedonia. The low depression group showed a source memory advantage for win words, but the high depression group did not. Source memory showed small relations to the RewP, but these did not survive Bonferroni correction. Results suggest the RewP is sensitive to salience and highlight challenges in detecting an association between the RewP and depression in modified doors tasks. Findings indicate that depression is related to dysfunctional source memory for reward but not loss and that future research should probe the possible associations between the RewP and memory in depression.