bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A CARTA DE EPICURO A MENECEU: FELICIDADE COMO BEM AVENTURANÇA
Authors: Sousa Ágabo Borges de 
Published: May 2021

RESUMO: Um dos temas mais importantes da Carta de Epicuro a Meneceu é a felicidade. Epicuro discute este tema ressaltando várias expressões, que não vemos claramente refletida nas traduções; por isso, faz-se necessário apresentar e discutir a compreensão de felicidade dessa carta, com base nesta diversidade expressões usadas por Epicuro. Para tanto, buscamos apresentar o ponto de partida de Epicuro, para entender sua proposta de caminho para a felicidade. Epicuro parte de uma comparação da existência humana com a vida dos deuses, mostrando a bem aventurança desses. Considerando que sua filosofia é um caminho para uma vida feliz, destaca-se seu caráter prático, como uma forma de chegar à vida bem aventurada, que, em sua compreensão, é o ponto mais alto da existência humana.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Epicuro. Carta a Meneceu. Felicidade. ABSTRACT: One of the most important themes in the Letter from Epicurus to Menoeceus is happiness. Epicurus discusses this theme, emphasizing several expressions, which we do not see clearly reflected in the translations; therefore, it is necessary to present and discuss the understanding of happiness in this letter, based on this diversity of expressions used by Epicurus. We seek to present Epicurus' starting point, to understand his proposal of the path to happiness. Epicurus starts from a comparison of human existence with the life of the gods, showing their bliss. Considering that his philosophy is a path to a happy life, his practical character stands out as a way of reaching a blissful life, which, in his understanding, is the highest point of human existence.KEYWORDS: Epicurus. Letter to Menoeceus. Happiness.
A LIBERDADE DA FILÓSOFA ANGELA DAVIS
Authors: Dos Santos Simone Borges , Sampaio Alan da Silva 
Published: May 2021

ResumoAqui, nos perguntamos pelo significado de liberdade na obra da filósofa Angela. Primeiro, mostramos a centralidade do conceito e o caráter singular de seus livros. Na sequência, seus aspectos mais decisivos, a saber, seu cosmopolitismo, o modo como ela estabelece conexões entre singulares e os situa no campo do universal; o papel desempenhado pelos movimentos populares na libertação de presos políticos na expansão da consciência de liberdade; a importância da imaginação em todo processo de libertação.Palavras-Chave: Angela Davis; Liberdade; Solidariedade. AbstractHere, we ask ourselves about the meaning of freedom in the work of Angela's films. First, we show the centrality of the concept and the unique character of his books. Then, its most decisive aspects, a saber, its cosmopolitanism, the way it establishes connections between singulars and the cases in which the field is not universal; the role played by popular movements in the release of political prisoners in expanding awareness of freedom; the importance of imagination in the liberation process.Key words: Angela Davis; Freedom; Solidarity.
Topological reconstruction of a stretched transparent surface relief
grating via an optical diffraction pattern
Authors: Sorkhabi Sh. Golghasemi , Ahmadi-Kandjani S. , Cousseau F. , Dabos-Seignon S. , Loumaigne M. , Ortyl E. , Zielinska S. , Barille R. 
Published: May 2021

The optical characterization of transparent and stretchable patterned surfaces replicated from the fabrication of quasicrystal structures on azopolymer thin films is presented. The complexity of the quasicrystal surface fabrication is obtained by superimposed multiple light exposures. Azopolymer surface patterns are used as a replica molding master. The microscopic elongation of nanocavities induced by macroscopic stretchings of the elastomeric quasicrystal replication is characterized via optical diffraction. An original numerical method is presented to reconstruct the structured surface deduced from the optical diffraction measurements. The measurements show that drastic topologic changes, e.g., going from cavities to a canal, happens on the surface. This could be ingeniously used for creating actionable structured surfaces or nanoparticles trapping surfaces.
Visualizing bleb mass dynamics in single cells using quantitative phase microscopy
Authors: Steelman Zachary A. , Sedelnikova Anna , Coker Zachary N. , Kiester Allen , Noojin Gary , Ibey Bennett L. , Bixler Joel N. 
Published: May 2021

Understanding biological responses to directed energy (DE) is critical
to ensure the safety of personnel within the Department of Defense. At
the Air Force Research Laboratory, we have developed or adapted
advanced optical imaging systems that quantify biophysical responses
to DE. One notable cellular response to DE exposure is the formation
of blebs, or semi-spherical protrusions of the plasma membrane in
living cells. In this work, we demonstrate the capacity of
quantitative phase imaging (QPI) to both visualize and quantify the
formation of membrane blebs following DE exposure. QPI is an
interferometric imaging tool that uses optical path length as a
label-free contrast mechanism and is sensitive to the non-aqueous mass
density, or dry mass, of living cells. Blebs from both CHO-K1 and U937
cells were generated after exposure to a series of 600 ns, 21.2 kV/cm
electric pulses. These blebs were visualized in real time, and their
dry mass relative to the rest of the cell body was quantified as a
function of time. It is our hope that this system will lead to an
improved understanding of both DE-induced and apoptotic blebbing.
Anisotropic luminescence and third-order electric susceptibility of Mg-doped gallium oxide under the half-bandgap edge
Authors: Zhang Naiji , Kislyakov Ivan M. , Xia Changtai , Qi Hongji , Wang Jun , Mohamed H. F. 
Published: May 2021

Strong anisotropy of photoluminescence of a (100)-cut β-Ga2O3 and a Mg-doped β-Ga2O3 single crystals was found in UV and visible spectral range, the bands of which were attributed to different types of transitions in the samples. Green photoluminescence in the Mg-doped sample was enhanced approximately twice. A remarkable enhancement of two-photon absorption and self-focusing in β-Ga2O3 after doping was revealed by 340-fs laser Z-scanning at 515 nm. The absolute value of complex third order susceptibility χ(3) determined from the study increases by 19 times in [001] lattice direction. Saturable absorption and associated self-defocusing were found in the undoped crystal in the [010] direction, which was explained by the anisotropic excitation of F-centers on intrinsic oxygen defects. This effect falls out of resonance in the Mg-doped crystal. The χ(3) values which are provided by a decrease of bandgap in Mg-doped β-Ga2O3 are χ(3) [001] = 1.85·10−12 esu and χ(3) [010]=χ(3)
yyyy
= 0.92·10−12 esu. Our result is only one order of magnitude lower than the best characteristic in green demonstrated by a Mg-doped GaN, which encourages subsequent development of Mg-doped β-Ga2O3 as an effective nonlinear optical material in this region.
Prognosis and transition of multi-site pain during the course of 5 years: Results of knee pain and function from a prospective cohort study among 756 adolescents
Authors: Holden Sinead , Roos Ewa M. , Straszek Christian Lund , Olesen Jens Lykkegaard , Jensen Martin Bach , Graven-Nielsen Thomas , Rathleff Michael Skovdal 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
Multi-site pain has not been investigated among adolescents suffering from knee pain. This study aimed to examine the trajectory of pain in adolescents with knee-pain, to determine if multi-site pain in adolescents together with other established prognostic factors (frequency of pain, sex, sports participation, Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL)) was associated with five-year prognosis of knee-pain and function.

Methods
This prospective cohort study included 504 adolescents with knee pain and 252 controls. At five-year follow-up, participants responded to an questionnaire which documented prescence and severity of knee pain and co-occurring pain.

Results
At follow-up, 358 (71.0%) of those with knee-pain at baseline, and 182 (72.2%) controls responded. Female sex, low HRQoL, daily pain, and multi-site pain were associated with an increased odds of knee pain after 5 years (odds ratio: 1.41–3.37). Baseline multi-site pain was not associated with problems running at follow-up, whereas higher sports participation at baseline was associated with less problems running at follow-up (odd ratio 0.49). Among those with knee-pain at inclusion, the number of pain sites increased from a median of 2 (IQR 1–3) to 4 (IQR 2–6) at follow-up (P<0.05). Those with multi-site pain at follow-up score significantly worse in self-reported knee function, compared to those with one pain site only.

Conclusion
This study identified a set of factors that appeared to be associated with an increased risk of knee pain at five years follow up. Research is needed to understand and help direct treatment of adolescents with multi-site pain.
Hourly fetal urine production rate in isolated oligohydramnios at term
Authors: Seol Hyun-Joo , Kim Ho Yeon , Cho Geum-Joon , Oh Min-Jeong 
Published: May 2021

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the hourly fetal urine production rate (HFUPR) via three-dimensional ultrasonography in women with isolated oligohydramnios and compare with normal pregnant women at term.

Materials and methods
This was a prospective observational cohort study of 112 women from 34 to 40 6/7 weeks’ gestation. They were classified into three groups according to the amniotic fluid index (AFI) and ultrasonographic estimated fetal weight (EFW) as isolated oligohydramnios (defined as AFI below 5% and appropriate EFW corresponding to gestational age) (n = 34) and IUGR (defined as EFW below 5% corresponding to gestational age irrespective amniotic fluid) (n = 17), and normal pregnancy (n = 61). HFUPR was measured using three-dimensional virtual organ computer-aided analysis. Adverse perinatal outcomes in all participants were examined.

Results
There was no significant difference in HFUPR between patients with isolated oligohydramnios and women with normal pregnancies (median, 40.0 mL/h [interquartile range [IQR] 31.0–66.5] vs. 48.6 [31.5–81.2], p = 0.224). HFUPR was significantly decreased in the IUGR group (13.8 mL/h [IQR 10.1–24.8]), compared to the normal pregnancy group (p<0.001) and the isolated oligohydramnios group (p<0.001). HFUPR was significantly decreased in neonates with adverse perinatal outcomes compared to the control (24.7 mL/h [IQR 13.4–47.4] vs. 43.6 [29.8–79.0], p = 0.016).

Conclusion
HFUPR was not decreased in patients with isolated oligohydramnios but was decreased in patients with IUGR when compared to normal controls at term.
Patterns of mobility and its impact on retention in care among people living with HIV in the Manhiça District, Mozambique
Authors: Bernardo Edson L. , Nhampossa Tacilta , Clouse Kate , Carlucci James G. , Fernández-Luis Sheila , Fuente-Soro Laura , Nhacolo Ariel , Sidat Mohsin , Naniche Denise , Moon Troy D. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
Retention in HIV care is a challenge in Mozambique. Mozambique´s southern provinces have the highest mobility levels of the country. Mobility may result in poorer response to HIV care and treatment initiatives.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey to explore the impact of mobility on retention for HIV-positive adults on ART presenting to the clinic in December 2017 and January 2018. Survey data were linked to participant clinical records from the HIV care and treatment program. This study took place in Manhiça District, southern Mozambique. We enrolled self-identified migrants (moved outside of Manhiça District ≤12 months prior to survey) and non-migrants, matched by age and sex.

Results
390 HIV-positive adults were included. We found frequent movement: 45% of migrants reported leaving the district 3–5 times over the past 12 months, usually for extended stays. South Africa was the most common destination (71%). Overall, 30% of participants had at least one delay (15–60 days) in ART pick-up and 11% were delayed >60 days, though no significant difference was seen between mobile and non-mobile cohorts. Few migrants accessed care while traveling.

Conclusion
Our population of mobile and non-mobile participants showed frequent lapses in ART pick-up. Mobility could be for extended time periods and HIV care frequently did not continue at the destination. Studies are needed to evaluate the impact of Mozambique´s approach of providing 3-months ART among mobile populations and barriers to care while traveling, as is better education on how and where to access care when traveling.
Poor retention and care-related sex disparities among youth living with HIV in rural Mozambique
Authors: Ahonkhai Aima A. , Aliyu Muktar H. , Audet Carolyn M. , Bravo Magdalena , Simmons Melynda , Claquin Gael , Memiah Peter , Fernando Anibal N. , Carlucci James G. , Shepherd Bryan E. , Van Rompaey Sara , Yu Zhihong , Gong Wu , Vermund Sten H. , Wester C. William 
Published: May 2021

Background
There are few studies that characterize sex-related differences in HIV outcomes among adolescents and young adults (AYA) 15–24 years of age.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study among AYA who enrolled in a comprehensive HIV program in Mozambique between 2012–2016. We assessed patients by sex and pregnancy/lactation status, comparing time to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation using Cox proportional hazard models. We employed multivariable logistic regression to investigate pre- and post-ART retention. Patients were defined as ‘retained pre-ART’ if they attended at least 3 of 4 required visits or started ART in the 6 months after enrollment, and ‘retained post-ART’ if they had any ART pickup or clinical visit during the last 90 days of the one-year follow-up period.

Results
Of 47,702 patients in the cohort, 81% (n = 38,511) were female and 19% (n = 9,191) were male. Of the females, 57% (n = 21,770) were non-pregnant and non-lactating (NPNL) and 43% (n = 16,741) were pregnant or lactating (PL). PL (aHR 2.64, 95%CI:2.47–2.81) and NPNL females (aHR 1.36, 95%CI:1.30–1.42) were more likely to initiate ART than males. PL females had higher odds of pre-ART retention in care (aOR 3.56, 95%CI: 3.30–3.84), as did NPNL females (aOR 1.71, 95%CI: 1.62–1.81), compared to males. This was also true for retention post-ART initiation, with higher odds for both PL (aOR 1.78, 95%CI:1.63–1.94) and NPNL females (aOR 1.50, 95%CI:1.35–1.65) compared to males.

Conclusions
PL females were most likely to initiate ART and remain in care post-ART in this AYA cohort, likely reflecting expansion of Option B+. Despite pregnancy and policy driven factors, we observed important sex-related disparities in this cohort. NPNL females were more likely to initiate ART and be retained in care before and after ART initiation than males. These data suggest that young males need targeted interventions to improve these important care continuum outcomes.
Variability of Rayleigh and Moreland test results using anomaloscope in young adults without color vision disorders
Authors: Zabel Jacek , Przekoracka-Krawczyk Anna , Olszewski Jan , Michalak Krzysztof Piotr 
Published: May 2021

Aim
To validate the reference ranges proposed by the manufacturer of the Oculus HMC Anomaloscope MR for Rayleigh and Moreland tests in healthy young adults.

Method
The manual Rayleigh (red-green) and the Moreland (blue-green) anomaloscope tests were performed on 90 healthy subjects (54 female, 36 male, 178 eyes) residing in Poland, aged between 18–45 years, and without color vision disorders (assessed with HRR test). The analyzed parameters for both the Rayleigh and the Moreland tests were as follows: the lower (R1/M1) and the upper (R2/M2) limits; the center (RC/MC) and the width (RW/MW) of the matching ranges.

Results
The results of the Rayleigh test were similar to the values proposed in the anomaloscope user’s manual, however, with a small shift of RC and R2 towards the red color. The double-peak distribution of R2 with a small second peak (approximately at R2 = 52) was mainly due to the measurements in male subjects (nmale = 8, nfemale = 2), which suggests that this group might be diagnosed with subtle protanomaly. The results of the Moreland test showed a high MW which did not correspond to the reference range described in the anomaloscope user’s manual. The observed significant correlations between R1 and M1 suggest that the M1 parameter seems to be the best indicator of blue vision quality.

Conclusions
Oculus HMC Anomaloscope MR is a sensitive tool for detection of prot-deuteranomalies but the reference ranges for young adults require a certain adjustment towards the red color. The parameters obtained for the Moreland test varied significantly between the subjects and therefore the test should not be used as is to diagnose color vision deficits in the green-blue area (tritanomaly).
Gender differences in suicide-related communication of young suicide victims
Authors: Balt Elias , Mérelle Saskia , van Bergen Diana , Gilissen Renske , van der Post Pommeline , Looijmans Milou , Creemers Daan , Rasing Sanne , Mulder Wico , van Domburgh Lieke , Popma Arne 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesThere is limited insight into gender differences in suicide-related communication (SRC) in youths. SRC is defined as“the act of conveying one’s own suicide ideation,intent or behaviours to another person”. Increasing our understanding of SRC in youths will enable us to recognize and specify needs of female versus male youths. The current study explores SRC in a sample of Dutch suicide victims aged under 20 and examines gender differences.MethodsInterview data from a psychological autopsy study of 35 youths who died by suicide in the Netherlands in 2017 were analysed. Qualitative analyses were performed to examineexplicitSRC throughout the youths’ lives andimplicitSRC during the last months prior to suicide. We employed the Constant Comparative Method to explore patterns in the debut, form, frequency, medium, content, type of recipient, and SRC in the last months prior to suicide death.ResultsWe identified commonalities in the SRC of youths, including the content of suicide notes and an emphasis on suicide method and preparation in the last months. Girls, however, had an earlier debut of SRC, a higher frequency ofexplicitSRC, and more often directed SRC towards varied types of recipients compared to boys. Moreover, SRC of girls seemed focused on coping and achieving support from others more than SRC of boys. The SRC of boys in comparison to girls was often ambiguous or diluted by “humorous” connotations.ConclusionUnique patterns in SRC of boys and girls posed corresponding challenges for next of kin to interpret communications and respond adequately to SRC. The early debut of girls’ SRC highlights the importance of early screening and prevention efforts in girls, while the late debut and ambiguity in boys’ SRC implores professionals and next of kin to encourage young males to be unequivocal about suicide ideation or intent.
Associations of ultrasound-based inflammation patterns with peripheral innate lymphoid cell populations, serum cytokines/chemokines, and treatment response to methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis
Authors: Kato Manami , Ikeda Kei , Sugiyama Takahiro , Tanaka Shigeru , Iida Kazuma , Suga Kensuke , Nishimura Nozomi , Mimura Norihiro , Kasuya Tadamichi , Kumagai Takashi , Furuya Hiroki , Iwamoto Taro , Iwata Arifumi , Furuta Shunsuke , Suto Akira , Suzuki Kotaro , Kawakami Eiryo , Nakajima Hiroshi 
Published: May 2021

Objectives
We aimed to explore the associations of musculoskeletal inflammation patterns with peripheral blood innate lymphoid cell (ILC) populations, serum cytokines/chemokines, and treatment response to methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA).

Methods
We enrolled 100 patients with either RA or SpA and performed ultrasound to evaluate power Doppler signals for synovitis (52 joint regions), tenosynovitis (20 tendons), and enthesitis (44 sites). We performed clustering analysis using unsupervised random forest based on the multi-axis ultrasound information and classified the patients into groups. We identified and counted ILC1-3 populations in the peripheral blood by flow cytometry and also measured the serum levels of 20 cytokines/chemokines. We also determined ACR20 response at 3 months in 38 patients who began treatment with methotrexate after study assessment.

Results
Synovitis was more prevalent and severe in RA than in SpA, whereas tenosynovitis and enthesitis were comparable between RA and SpA. Patients were classified into two groups which represented synovitis-dominant and synovitis-nondominant inflammation patterns. While peripheral ILC counts were not significantly different between RA and SpA, they were significantly higher in the synovitis-nondominant group than in the synovitis-dominant group (ILC1-3: p = 0.0007, p = 0.0061, and p = 0.0002, respectively). On the other hand, clustering of patients based on serum cytokines/chemokines did not clearly correspond either to clinical diagnoses or to synovitis-dominant/nondominant patterns. The synovitis-dominant pattern was the most significant factor that predicted clinical response to methotrexate (p = 0.0065).

Conclusions
Musculoskeletal inflammation patterns determined by ultrasound are associated with peripheral ILC counts and could predict treatment response to methotrexate.
Evaluating data-driven methods for short-term forecasts of cumulative SARS-CoV2 cases
Authors: Ahmad Ghufran , Ahmed Furqan , Rizwan Muhammad Suhail , Muhammad Javed , Fatima Syeda Hira , Ikram Aamer , Zeeb Hajo 
Published: May 2021

Background
The WHO announced the epidemic of SARS-CoV2 as a public health emergency of international concern on 30th January 2020. To date, it has spread to more than 200 countries and has been declared a global pandemic. For appropriate preparedness, containment, and mitigation response, the stakeholders and policymakers require prior guidance on the propagation of SARS-CoV2.

Methodology
This study aims to provide such guidance by forecasting the cumulative COVID-19 cases up to 4 weeks ahead for 187 countries, using four data-driven methodologies; autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), exponential smoothing model (ETS), and random walk forecasts (RWF) with and without drift. For these forecasts, we evaluate the accuracy and systematic errors using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE), respectively.

Findings
The results show that the ARIMA and ETS methods outperform the other two forecasting methods. Additionally, using these forecasts, we generate heat maps to provide a pictorial representation of the countries at risk of having an increase in the cases in the coming 4 weeks of February 2021.

Conclusion
Due to limited data availability during the ongoing pandemic, less data-hungry short-term forecasting models, like ARIMA and ETS, can help in anticipating the future outbreaks of SARS-CoV2.
Solitary Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma to the Rectus Abdominis 13 Years After the Initial Treatment
Authors: Kato Rei , Sakamoto Akio , Noguchi Takashi , Matsuda Shuichi , Terajima Hiroaki 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Solitary muscle metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is extremely rare, and late metastasis is also rare. We present a 59-year-old man who had received initial treatment for HCC 13 years previously. Ultrasonography revealed a tumor between the abdominal wall and the liver surface. Tumor resection was performed with suspected intrahepatic metastasis or abdominal wall metastasis of HCC, and the tumor was found to be within the rectus abdominis without an association with the liver. Histologically, the resected material was confirmed to be a muscle metastasis of HCC. We discuss the management of muscle metastasis of HCC.