bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Complete Chloroplast Genome of Onobrychis Gaubae (Fabaceae- Papilionoideae): Comparative Analysis with Related IR-lacking Clade Species
Authors: Moghaddam Mahtab , Ohta Atsushi , Shimizu Motoki , Terauchi Ryohei , Kazempour-Osaloo Shahrokh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Plastome (Plastid genome) sequences provide valuable markers for surveying the evolutionary relationships and population genetics of plant species. Papilionoideae (papilionoids) has different nucleotide and structural variations in plastomes, which makes it an ideal model for genome evolution studies. Therefore, by sequencing the complete chloroplast genome of Onobrychis gaubae in this study, the characteristics and evolutionary patterns of plastome variations in IR-loss clade were compared. Results: In the present study, the complete plastid genome of O. gaubae, endemic to Iran, was sequenced using Illumina paired-end sequencing and was compared with previously known genomes of the IRLC species of legumes. The O. gaubae plastid genome was 122,873 bp in length and included a large single-copy (LSC) region of 81,486 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 13,805 bp and one copy of the inverted repeat (IRb) of 29,100 bp. The genome encoded 110 genes, including 76 protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and four ribosome RNA (rRNA) genes and possessed 83 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 50 repeated structures with the highest proportion in the LSC. Comparative analysis of the chloroplast genomes across IRLC revealed three hotspot genes (ycf1, ycf2, clpP) which could be used as DNA barcode regions. Moreover, seven hypervariable regions (trnL(UAA)-trnT(UGU), trnT(GGU)-trnE(UUC), ycf1, ycf2, ycf4, accD and clpP) were identified between Onobrychis species, which could be used to distinguish the Onobrychis species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that O. gaubae is closely related to Hedysarum. The complete O. gaubae genome is a valuable resource for investigating evolution of Onobrychis species and can be used to identify related species. Conclusions: Our results reveal that the plastomes of the IRLC are dynamic molecules and show multiple gene losses and inversions. The identified hypervariable regions could be used as molecular markers for resolving phylogenetic relationships and species identification and also provide new insights into plastome evolution across IRLC.
Overview of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for difficult airway management in adults: a systematic review
Authors: Ciapponi Agustín , Perelli Lucas , Cohen-Arazi Hernán , Solioz GErmán , Bardach Ariel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background : The aim of the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in the management of difficult airway is to provide optimal responses to a potentially life-threatening clinical problem.Objective : to summarize and compare relevant recommendations and algorithms from evidence-based CPGs (EB-CPGs).Methods : We conducted a systematic review (overview) of CPGs, following Cochrane methods. We summarized recommendations, its supporting evidence and strength of recommendations according to the GRADE methodology. In July 2018, we searched CPGs that were published in the last 10 years, without language restrictions, in electronic databases, and searched specific CPG sources, reference lists and consulted experts. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Tripdatabase and additional sources. Pairs of independent reviewers selected EB-CPGs and rated their methodological quality using the AGREE-II instrument. We included those EB-CPGs reporting standard methods for identification, data collection, study risk of bias assessment and recommendations’ level of evidence. Discrepancies were solved by consensus.Results: We included 11 EB-CPGs out of 2505 references identified in literature searches within the last ten years. Only three of them used the GRADE system. The domains with better performance in the AGREE-II assessment, were ‘adequate description of scoping’ and ‘objectives’ while those with worst performance were ‘‘Guidelines’ applicability’ and ‘monitoring’. As a result, only three EB-CPGs were classified as ‘Highly recommended, two as ‘Recommended’ and six as ‘Not recommended. We summarized 22 diagnostic recommendations, 22% of which were supported by high/moderate quality of evidence (41% of them were considered by developers as strong recommendations), and 16 therapeutic/preventive recommendations, 59% of which were supported by high/moderate quality of evidence (76% strong). Only half of the EB-CPGs were updated in the past five years.Conclusions : The main EB-CPGs in the management of difficult airway in anesthesia presented significant heterogeneity in terms of their quality and system of grading the evidence and strength of recommendation used, and most used their own systems. We present many strong recommendations that are ready to be considered for implementation, and we reveal opportunities to improve guidelines’ quality.
BiVO4 Photoanode Synergistic with Persulfate to Degrade Antibiotics: Degradation Mechanism and Pathway
Authors: Chen Yun , Wan Jinquan , Ma Yongwen , Wang Yan , Yan Zhicheng , Qiu Shuying , Yang Shou 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Antibiotics pose a great threat to ecological environment and human health, which should remove with an efficient innovative treatment method. Here in, a photoelectrocatalytic strategy for persulfate activation by BiVO4 photoanode had been systematically researched in this work. In the presence of PS, the degradation efficiency of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) reached to 97.3% within 100 min, whereas the kinetic rate constant was 0.0388 min− 1, which was about 7.05 times higher than no addition of PS (0.0055 min− 1). Open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were measured, suggesting that PS played a photoelectron acceptor for improving the separation of photogenerated holes and electrons and accelerating charge transfer. The radical quenching experiments and EPR tests indicated that holes and superoxide were dominant reactive oxidation species by directly oxidation pollutants. Indirect transfer pathway of S2O82− for producing hydroxyl radicals played a minor role, while only a small amount of sulfate radical was produced. Mixed pollutants with three antibiotics (ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracycline (TC) and SMX) had been further degraded. Results showed that the degradation of SMX was inhibited in a content compared to a single pollutant, but both TC and CIP showed satisfactory removal effects, especially in natural water. Liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) was used to determine the intermediates of SMX (with 7 intermediates), CIP (with 11 intermediates) and TC (with 19 intermediates) in the PEC system. This work provides an eco-friendly and efficient method for antibiotic removal, which has good application prospect in the degradation of mixed pollutants.
Prognostic and Immunological Characterization of NSD3 Evaluated Through an Integrative Pan-Cancer Analysis
Authors: Li Sha , Liu Yaqiong , Yao Chaoling , Xu Anji , Zeng Xiaoling , Ge Yuxin , Sheng Xiaowu , Zhang Hailin , Zhou Xiao , Long Ying 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein-3 (NSD3) has been reported to be a crucial regulator of carcinogenesis as a histone lysine methyltransferase in multiple cancer types. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been clearly delineated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern, prognostic value, and potential function of NSD3 in 33 types of human cancer. Methods: The potential roles of NSD3 were explored using datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pan-cancer dataset and an array of bioinformatics methods, including analyses of the relationship between NSD3 expression and prognosis, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), DNA amplification, and immune cell inﬁltration across 33 cancer types. Results: Many types of cancers are characterized according to the dysregulation of NSD3, which is associated with the pathological stage of cancer. Patients in our study with higher NDS3 levels, which were attributed to NSD3 copy number amplification, always experienced shorter survival periods. Additionally, NSD3 expression was associated with TMB and MSI in 10 different cancer types. The top five cancers whose NSD3 expression correlated with immune scores were further analyzed. The levels of immune-cell infiltration differed significantly between high and low NSD3-expressing samples in each of the five cancer types. Functional enrichment of the NSD3 co-expressed genes indicated a role for NSD3 in the regulation of immune responses and tumorigenesis. Conclusions: Our study revealed that NSD3 can function as a prognostic marker in various cancers due to its role in tumorigenesis and tumor immunity.
Remote Sensing Based Study of Surge Characterization of Klutlan and Fisher Glaciers, St. Elias Mountains, North America
Authors: Shahi Arjun Pratap , Rai Praveen Kumar , Singh Prafull , Mishra Varun Narayan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The detailed study of glacier surges in St. Elias Mountains is very scarce.Robust and repeat observation of surface displacement, elevation changes and surge reoccurrence intervalsare limited to few surge-type glaciers (e.g., Variegated, Bearing, Lowell and Donjek). Therefore, this study presents the first detailed surge dynamics of Klutlan (1990-2019) and Fisher (1984-2019) glaciers in the St. Elias Mountains, North America. Surface displacement estimation using optical imagery (Landsat TM, ETM+, OLI and Sentinel 2) and surface elevation changes derived from ASTER DEMs were used to understand the surge dynamics. Klutlan Glacier lackspre-surge acceleration and had six years longactive phase (2013-2019). The surge of Klutlan Glacier showed two surface flow maxima(6.2 ± 0.2 m d-1and ~5 ± 0.2 m d-1),in summer of 2016 and2018 respectively.During 2019-2020, in the reservoir zone, maximum surface lowering of -65± 33m was observed whereas, in the receiving zone, maximum ice thickness increased by +31 ± 40 m. The dynamic balance line (DBL)on Klutlan Glaciermoved ~16 km down-glacier during 2019 (788masl.) in comparison with 2004 (1998 masl.). The Fisher Glacier exhibitssix years (2007-2013) long pre-surge acceleration, three years (2013-2016) long active phase and surge terminated gradually. The peak surge displacement ~7 ± 0.4 m d-1was observed in summer of 2015. The reservoir zone experienced a maximum lowering of -60 ± 22 mfrom 2019 to 2003 while lower receiving zone maximum thickened by +80± 22 m. The DBL shifted ~3 km down-glacier during 2019 (959 masl.) as compared to 2016 (1006 masl.). This study assumes that the surge of Fisher Glacier is partially matched with a thermally controlled surge. However, the surge characteristics of Klutlan Glacier doesnot corroborate with globally recognised hydrological or thermally controlled surge mechanism.
Removal And Regeneration of As(V) In Aqueous Solutions By Adsorption On Calcined Fluorapatite: Kinetics And Thermodynamic Parameters.
Authors: Billah Rachid EL Kaim , Kaya Savaş , Şimşek Selçuk , Halim El Mahdi , Agunaou Mahfoud , Soufiane Abdessadik 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this work, Fluorapatite has been prepared and successfully applied for the removal of As (VI). The materials prepared have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared transform transform spectroscopy. Fourier (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and zero load point pH (pHPZC) were also considered as part of these characterizations. In this work, several parameters affecting the adsorption process were studied, such as: the mass effect, time, pH, and the initial concentration effect. The value of the regression coefficient showed that the data The experimental results corresponded best to the pseudo-second order (PSO) model, while the Langmuir adsorption isotherms best described the equilibrium adsorption data with the highest qm of 43.10 mg / g. Finally, FapC has been successfully reused for more than 5 cycles without significant loss of its sorption capacity.
Virulence-Associated Genes and Genetic Diversity of Avian Pathogenic (APEC) and Fecal (AFEC) E. Coli Isolates From Chickens
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Cao Mingze , Wang Weiwei , Zhu Qiqi , Wang Chengye , Zhang Yongying , Shi Yuxiang , Zhou Xuzheng , Cui Guangbin , Zhang Jiyu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) is the etiologic agent of serious colibacillosis and causes extensive economic losses. To examine the genetic background of APEC, we characterized the serotypes, virulence genes, phylogenetic classification and MLST of 392 APEC and 586 AFEC strains isolated from infected chickens.
Results

The results showed that the most predominant serotypes were O78 (13.47%), O2 (9.16%), O18 (5.39%), O20 (4.42%) and O25 (4.09%). The major serotypes O78 (13.47%) and O2 (9.16%) were significantly higher in the APEC isolates than in the AFEC isolates. Among the 16 analyzed virulence-associated genes (VAGs), iroN (100%), ompT (100%), fimC (92.46%), iss (77.91%) and irp2 (71.98%) were the most frequently identified. Over half (54.85%) of the strains possessed > 8–13 VAGs, and 85.23% of the strains carried iroN-ompT-fimC-iss/irp2 VAG patterns. According to the phylogenetic analysis, phylogroups A (32.11%) and B2 (31.36%) proved to be the most prevalent phylogenetic groups in the AFEC and APEC isolates, respectively. The strains that belonged to phylogroup B2 were associated with more VAGs. Based on MLST, 46 STs belonging to 15 different clonal complexes were identified, and 4 were novel. ST88 (10.67%) was found to be the most dominant ST, and it possessed at least 9 VAGs and belonged to phylogroups B2 or D. Furthermore, the isolates belonging to B2-O78/O2-ST88 were the most likely APEC isolates to be associated with epidemics, and they carried more VAGs than the other strains.
Conclusions

Our findings have enriched our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of APEC isolates from chickens, which will be important for the prevention and control of avian colibacillosis.
Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Disruption via the TIMP2/MMP Pathway after Acute Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Xin Wang , Qiang Shi , Jianing Ding , Jiaming Liang , Fangqi Lin , Bin Cai , Yuanyuan Chen , Guowang Zhang , Jianguang Xu , Xiaofeng Lian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), destruction of the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) results in infiltration of blood cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, leading to permanent neurological dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomes have a beneficial neuroprotective effect in SCI models. However, whether BMSC-Exos contribute to the integrity of the BSCB has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of BMSC-Exo-induced changes in the permeability of the BSCB after SCI. Here, we showed that BMSC-Exos can inhibit BSCB permeability damage and improve spontaneous repair in a SCI model. Importantly, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP2) were shown to play an important role in the functions of BMSCS-Exos by inhibiting the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) pathway, thereby mitigating the reduction in cell junction proteins. Moreover, the ability of BMSC-Exos was significantly attenuated when TIMP2 was inhibited by siRNA. This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that BMSC-Exos can preserve the integrity of the BSCB and improve functional recovery after SCI through the TIMP2/MMP signaling pathway.
Salvia Miltiorrhiza Polysaccharides Alleviates Florfenicol-Induced Kidney Injury Via Modulation of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-κB) Signaling Pathway In Broilers
Authors: Lu Chunyu , Zhang Lu , Li Shuying , Cui Yuqing , Shi Wanyu , Bao Yongzhan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Kidney, as an important excretory organ in the body, is easily affected by various pathogenic factors. This research aimed to explore the mechanism of mitigative role of salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides（SMPs）on Florfenicol-caused renal injury in chickens. Kidney histological study and uric acid（UA）、creatinine (Cr)、urea nitrogen (BUN) contents in serum was performed to assess the effects of FFC and SMPs on kidneys. The expression of key factors in NF-κB pathway were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. We also used ELISA to detect the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the kidney. The results showed that SMPs could reduce the levels of UA, Cr, BUN and renal pathology of FFC-induced kidney injury, and reduce the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the kidney of broilers (P<0.05). 5.00 g/L SMPs inhibited the expression of NF-κBp65 and IκKβ in renal tissue, and the expression of IκBα was increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: SMPs treatment can protect kidney injury of broilers by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway.
Is Achieved Economic Development Environment Friendly? A New Insight From Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Zhang Qianxiao , Shah Syed Ale Raza , Naqvi Syed Asif Ali 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Over the last few years, the linkage between economic development and environmental degradation has become a provocative question. Although this nexus has been studied vastly, some of the critical variables of economic development and their impacts on the environment need more focus. The present study explores the association between economic development, outward foreign direct investment, financial development, renewable energy consumption, natural resource rents, trade openness, and ecological footprint in Central and Eastern European economies. The panel data estimators such as augmented mean group and common correlated effect mean group are employed from 1990 to 2017. Empirical findings document that outward foreign direct investment, financial development, trade openness, natural resource rents, and renewable energy consumption increase economic development, implying that they positively affect economic development. Findings validate the inverted U-shaped EKC for concerned economies in case of the ecological footprint. The results show that the interaction term of GDPC with NR, outward foreign direct investment, and RE are eco-friendly indicators. The study results develop imperative policy implications for the selected region to attain sustainable development goals.
Efficacy of Combined Hand Exercise Intervention in Patients With Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ikio Yuta , Sagari Akira , Nakashima Akira , Matsuda Daiki , Sawai Terumitsu , Higashi Toshio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose Previous evidence regarding the impact of exercise interventions on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy often focuses on lower limb functions, such as muscle strength and balance ability, while the effect on upper extremities remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combined hand exercise intervention on upper extremity function, symptoms, and quality-of-life in patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Methods After screening 341 patients, 42 were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n=21) or control (n=21) groups. Participants were evaluated at baseline (T0), after one chemotherapy cycle (T1), and after two chemotherapy cycles (T2). The primary outcome was upper extremity function measured using the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire at T2. The intention-to-treat and as-treated populations were compared using a mixed-effect model.Results In the intention-to-treat analysis, the decline in activities of daily living was significantly suppressed in the intervention group than in the control group at T2 (difference: 7.23; 95% confidence interval: 0.35, 14.10; P=0.0397). Similarly, in the as-treated analysis, the decline in activities of daily living was significantly suppressed in the intervention group than in the control group at T2 (difference: 13.09; 95% confidence interval: 5.68, 20.49; P=0.0008); and pain was also significantly improved in the intervention group than in the control group at T2 (difference: 13.21; 95% confidence interval: -22.91, -3.51; P=0.0083).Conclusion Performing a combined hand exercise intervention may prevent worsening in the activities of daily living using upper extremities in patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.Trail registration number: UMIN000029389.Date of registration: 2017/10/02
Zidovudine Inhibits Telomere Elongation, Increases the Transposable Element LINE-1 Copy Number and Compromises Mouse Embryo Development.
Authors: Navarro Paula Andrea , Wang Fang , Pimentel Ricardo , Robinson Leroy George , Berteli Thalita , Keefe David Lawrence 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Millions of pregnant, HIV-infected women take reverse transcriptase inhibitors, such as zidovudine (AZT), during pregnancy. Reverse transcription plays important roles in early development, including regulation of telomere length (TL) and activity of transposable elements (TE). So we evaluated the effects of AZT on embryo development, TL, and copy number of an active TE, Long Interspersed Nuclear Element 1 (LINE-1), during early development in a murine model.
Design:
Experimental study
Methods
In vivo fertilized mouse zygotes from B6C3F1/B6D2F1 mice were cultured for 48h in KSOM with no AZT (n = 45), AZT 1 µM (n = 46) or AZT 10 µM (n = 48). TL was measured by single-cell quantitative PCR (SC-pqPCR) and LINE-1 copy number by qPCR. The percentage of morulas at 48 hrs, TL and LINE-1 copy number were compared among groups.
Results
Exposure to AZT 1µM or 10µM significantly impairs early embryo development. TL elongates from oocyte to control embryos. TL in AZT 1µM embryos is shorter than in control embryos. LINE-1 copy number is significantly lower in oocytes than control embryos. AZT 1µM increases LINE-1 copy number compared to oocytes controls, and AZT 10 µM embryos.
Conclusion
AZT at concentrations approaching those used to prevent perinatal HIV transmission compromises mouse embryo development, prevents telomere elongation and increases LINE-1 copy number after 48 hours treatment. The impact of these effects on the trajectory of aging of children exposed to AZT early during development deserves further investigation.