bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An in-process multi-feature data fusion nondestructive testing approach for wire arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Chen Xi , Fu Youheng , Kong Fanrong , Li Runsheng , Xiao Yu , Hu Jiannan , Zhang Haiou 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The major problem that limits the widespread use of WAAM technology is the forming quality. However, most of the current research focuses on post-process detections that are time-consuming, expensive and destructive. This paper aims to achieve the on-line detection and classification of the common defects, including hump, deposition collapse, deviation, internal pore and surface slag inclusion.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes an in-process multi-feature data fusion nondestructive testing method based on the temperature field of the WAAM process. A thermal imager is used to collect the temperature data of the deposition layer in real-time. Efficient processing methods are proposed in this paper, such as the temperature stack algorithm, width extraction algorithm and a classification model based on a residual neural network. Some features closely related to the forming quality were extracted, containing the profile image and width curve of the deposition layer and abnormal temperature features in longitudinal and cross-sections. These features are used to achieve the detection and classification of defects.

Findings
Thermal non-destructive testing is a potentially superior technology for in-process detection in the industrial field. Based on the temperature field, extracting the most relevant features of the defect information is crucial. This paper pushes current infrared (IR) monitoring methods toward real-time detection and proposes an in-process multi-feature data fusion non-destructive testing method based on the temperature field of the WAAM process.

Originality/value
In this paper, the single-layer and multi-layer WAAM samples are preset with various defects, such as hump, deposition collapse, deviation, pore and slag inclusion. A multi-feature nondestructive testing methodology is proposed to realize the in-process detection and classification of the defects. A temperature stack algorithm is proposed, which improves the detection accuracy of profile change and solves the problem of uneven temperature from arc striking to arc extinguishing. The combination of residual neural network greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of detection.
Public–private partnerships for sustainable infrastructure development in Ghana: a systematic review and recommendations
Authors: Akomea-Frimpong Isaac , Jin Xiaohua , Osei-Kyei Robert , Kukah Augustine Senanu 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe contribution of the public–private partnership (PPP) model towards the achievement of the United Nation (UN)'s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has been widely acknowledged. However, limited studies have shed light on the connection between PPPs and the achievement of these coveted goals in Ghana. In this study, the authors aimed at analysing and synthesising the existing literature on the use of PPP to achieve sustainability in infrastructure projects in the country.Design/methodology/approachA three-step approach was used to retrieve and review 60 selected articles aided by content analysis.FindingsThe analysis showed that all existing relevant publications on the application of the PPP model to attain UN’s SDGs in the country are organised around dominant themes, such as poverty alleviation, urban development, waste management and risk management. However, the review revealed little studies exist on pertinent issues relating to PPPs and sustainable development goals, such as climate action, critical resilience, sustainable finance and clean energy.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the study is limited to 60 articles in Ghana, the results reveal pertinent gaps for further research studies to achieve sustainable infrastructural development in Ghana and other countries.Practical implicationsHolistically, the outcome of this study will serve as a guide to project managers to understand essential issues on attaining sustainability on public projects.Originality/valueThis article contributes to the literature and practice on the significance of PPP in mainstreaming UN's SDGs in public infrastructure projects.
Yahoo! Egregious driving on the information superhighway
Authors: Singh Aman Preet , Narayanamurthy Gopalakrishnan , Bhutiani Divya 
Published: September 2021

Theoretical basis
This case draws upon the literature on appropriate leadership behaviors that Yahoo’s Founders or CEOs could have adopted. It discusses the process of environmental analysis that would have an impact on Yahoo!’s strategy. It discusses and depicts the levels of environmental analyzes that Yahoo! as a firm ought to have undertaken in mapping its competitive environment. Further, this case discusses transformational leadership factors and those behavioral traits that exemplify each of these factors. Finally, the four elements of aspiration in discussing future firm direction are identified. These include an appropriate vision translated into a clarifying mission reflected in specific objectives grounded in explicit value statements.

Research methodology
This case is based on secondary data sources that include official company records, online reports and commentary, newspaper reports, public interviews and books. All such information has been appropriately referenced.

Case overview/synopsis
Yahoo!, in its 22 years of existence, has demonstrated remarkable tumult. It has witnessed a succession of six CEOs, exhibited a roller coaster trajectory in its stock price and, for the most part of its existence, played “catch-up” with its strategic competitors. It has also struggled to define its core purpose, its industry category and its very essence of being. In early 2016, CEO Marissa Mayer announced that Yahoo! would be willing to sell its core internet business and that its board would “engage on qualified strategic proposals.” However, the board also reiterated that turning around Yahoo! to prosperity continued to remain a top priority. What went wrong, so terribly wrong, with Yahoo! in an otherwise lucrative industry? Does Yahoo! suffer from a fundamental, essential malaise which, if addressed, could restore it to wealth and vibrancy? This case focuses on the period 1994, the inception of Yahoo!, to early 2016. The acquisition of Yahoo! by Verizon, completed in 2017, is not to be considered for purposes of this case study.

Complexity academic level
This case is particularly suited to be taught in a capstone strategic management course for MBA/Master’s level business students, after they have been exposed to core courses in Marketing, Business Law, Accounting, Supply Chain, Corporate Finance. It may also be taught in an advanced strategy course for undergraduate business students, typically in their final year of study. Finally, this case can be used to teach senior management in executive management programs.
ZealVita: winning marketing formula
Authors: Mahadevan Surya , Thanigan Jayanthi , Reddy Srinivasa 
Published: September 2021

Research methodology
The case is written based on general experience.

Case overview/synopsis
Zealvita is a challenger brand to NutriMalt in the white malted food drink (MFD) category. It has a product formula that compares favorably on taste and equally on nutrition. However, Zealvita is not able to translate the power product formula to a winning market formula. Drawing on its legacy and strong adoption route, NutriMalt built a dominant 88% market share in the White MFD category. The market rule of “disproportionate market share for the leading brand” applies with inexorable force in MFD. Smarting at the low market share, Zealvita is in search of a marketing strategy to create churn. Rajiv Product Manager of Zealvita believes that consumer sales promotion of a higher order and at a higher frequency than what is normal can tilt the scales. From Zealvita’s perspective is there a strategic advantage in operating consumer promotion? Is it safe to assume that NutriMalt will not retaliate with consumer promotion? Can consumer sales promotion be sustained at planned frequency? What is the logic in a continuous consumer promotion program?

Complexity academic level
This case can be used at the post-graduate level in the Marketing Strategy course or in a course that has a sales promotion management or competition management segment. This case is also appropriate for use in executive education programs.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Starbucks and HMSHost: addressing discrimination across organizational boundaries
Authors: Hall Kelly R. , Greene Juanne , Subramanian Ram , Tichenor Emily 
Published: September 2021

Theoretical basis
1. Maria Jarlstrom, Essi Saru, and Sinikka Vanhala, “Sustainable Human Resource Management With Salience of Stakeholders: A Top Management Perspective,” Journal of Business Ethics, 152, (2008): 703–724. 2. Benjamin A. Neville, Simon J. Bell, and Gregory J., “Stakeholder Salience Revisited: Refining, Redefining, and Refueling an Underdeveloped Conceptual Tool,” Journal of Business Ethics, 102, (2011): 357–378. 3. Mick Marchington, Fang Lee Cooke, and Gail Hebson. “Human Resource Management Across Organizational Boundaries,” Sage Handbook of Human Resource Management, (2009): 460–477.

Research methodology
This secondary source case is based mainly on three documents: the 20-page report by a labor union, Unite Here, titled “One Job Should Be Enough: Inequality at Starbucks”; and two reports by former U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder Jr. and Covington & Burlington, LLP.

Case overview/synopsis
In February 2020, Unite Here, a labor union, released a damming report about employment practices at the airport Starbucks stores operated by licensee, HMSHost. Among other charges, the report identified several instances of racial and gender discrimination that HMSHost dismissed as a ploy by a union intent on organizing its employees. The adverse publicity, however, put Starbucks Corporation in the spotlight because of the company’s publicly stated commitment to workplace equality. The recently hired Nzinga Shaw, the company’s first-ever Global Chief Inclusion and Diversity Officer, had to address the issue at HMSHost lest it adversely affect Starbucks’ reputation as a progressive employer.

Complexity academic level
The case is best suited for a graduate or undergraduate course in human resource management or labor relations. As diversity is typically covered in the first third of such courses, the ideal placement of this case would be in the early part of the course. As Starbucks is a well-known name, and it is very likely that students have had their own experience with Starbucks, as either a customer or an employee, the case is likely to draw their interest.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Mental Health
Authors: Butterworth Peter , Poyser Carmel , Suomi Aino 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMental health has been a focus of over 200 journal articles using the HILDA Survey data. This brief review provides an overview of the mental health data collected through the HILDA Survey, and discusses the potential reasons why HILDA Survey data have been used so frequently in mental health research. We reflect on how the HILDA Survey data have: provided insights into the profile of mental health in the Australian community, illustrated the importance of social ties for mental health and enabled investigation of social inequalities in mental health.
Life‐threatening extrapleural hematoma in an anticoagulated patient 2 weeks after lobectomy
Authors: Shimomura Masanori , Iwasaki Masashi , Shimegi Reona , Inoue Masayoshi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report a case of an anticoagulated patient with sudden onset pleural hematoma after straining at defecation to cardiac arrest on 2 weeks after lobectomy for lung cancer. We decided to perform an emergent operation for an evacuation of extrapleural hematoma immediately after resuscitation. The bleeding point was revealed on the extrapleural thoracic apex. We should be aware that extrapleural hematoma can occur because of increased intrathoracic pressure such as straining during defecation in patients on anticoagulation.
Identification of a small molecule SR9009 that activates NRF2 to counteract cellular senescence
Authors: Gao Li‐Bin , Wang Ya‐Hong , Liu Zhi‐Hua , Sun Yu , Cai Peng , Jing Qing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a striking characteristic of senescence. Accumulation of SASP factors causes a pro‐inflammatory response linked to chronic disease. Suppressing senescence and SASP represents a strategy to prevent or control senescence‐associated diseases. Here, we identified a small molecule SR9009 as a potent SASP suppressor in therapy‐induced senescence (TIS) and oncogene‐induced senescence (OIS). The mechanism studies revealed that SR9009 inhibits the SASP and full DNA damage response (DDR) activation through the activation of the NRF2 pathway, thereby decreasing the ROS level by regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes. We further identified that SR9009 effectively prevents cellular senescence and suppresses the SASP in the livers of both radiation‐induced and oncogene‐induced senescence mouse models, leading to alleviation of immune cell infiltration. Taken together, our findings suggested that SR9009 prevents cellular senescence via the NRF2 pathway in vitro and in vivo, and activation of NRF2 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing cellular senescence.
Management of dental emergencies amongst Australian general medical practitioners – A case‐vignette study
Authors: Park JS , Page AT , Shen P‐H , Price K , Tennant M , Kruger E 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn Australia, because of inequity in dental service accessibility and affordability, patients can see general medical practitioners (GPs) for acute dental conditions.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study consisted of surveys distributed to the board registered GPs practising in Australia. The main outcome measures included statistical analysis of GPs managing different dental emergency scenarios and their confidence and expectations in managing dental emergencies.ResultsA total of 425 GPs participated in the study. The sample primarily consisted of GPs practising in metropolitan clinics (n = 315). Most participants reported that they would refer to the dentist for mobilized tooth (n = 402). There was a negative correlation between GPs with 5–29 years of experience and traumatized tooth management (P < 0.05). GPs aged between 40 and 49 years were more inclined to treat patients with mobilized teeth [Multivariate (MV): 0.42(0.09–0.74)]. However, GPs with 0–5 years of experience were less likely to manage patients with dental abscess [MV: −0.52(−0.80 to −0.24)].ConclusionMost GPs referred dental emergencies to dentists. GP management of dental emergencies were predominantly palliative. Therefore, opportunities for collaborative practice models amongst GPs and dentists may be needed to bridge the gap in the regional and remote locations.
Essential newborn care practices in Benin: Are there differences by birth location?
Authors: Olorunsaiye Comfort Z. , Yusuf Korede K. , Harris A‐Mac , Gaikwad Snehal 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnnually, about 60 infant deaths occur per 1000 live births in Benin; nearly one‐half of these deaths occur during the neonatal period. Home‐ and health facility‐based newborn care practices are essential for reducing neonatal death. The aim of this study was to explore relationships between location of childbirth and essential newborn care practices in the Republic of Benin, West Africa.MethodsWe used cross‐sectional data from the 2017 Benin Demographic and Health Survey. The study included 6831 women who had a recent live birth. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between location of birth and early initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding support, and cord examination while adjusting for potential confounding factors.ResultsThere was no significant difference in early initiation of breastfeeding by birth location. Compared to women with home births, those who gave birth in public hospitals, public health centers/clinics, and private health facilities had significantly higher odds of receiving breastfeeding support (public hospitals: OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.23‐2.59; public health centers/clinics: OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.46‐2.91; private clinics: OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.35‐2.88). Compared with women who gave birth at home, those who gave birth in public health centers/clinics and private health facilities were twice as likely to report newborn cord examination (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.41‐2.79; OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.36‐2.83, respectively).DiscussionDespite the high prevalence of health facility births in Benin, the coverage of early newborn care is suboptimal, especially in public hospitals. Policies and public health interventions will be required, more so in public hospitals, to ensure that all mothers and newborns receive these potentially life‐saving services.
Classification of beta‐site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 inhibitors by using machine learning methods
Authors: Singh Ravi , Ganeshpurkar Ankit , Ghosh Powsali , Pokle Ankit Vyankatrao , Kumar Devendra , Singh Ravi bhushan , Singh Sushil Kumar , Kumar Ashok 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe beta‐site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a transmembrane aspartyl‐protease, that cleaves amyloid precursor protein (APP) at the β‐site. The sequential proteolytic cleavage of APP, first by β‐secretase and then by γ‐secretase complex, leads to the production and release of amyloid‐β peptide, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). BACE1 inhibitors are reported to possess considerable potential in decreasing the level of amyloid‐β in brain and preventing the progression of AD. A classification study has been conducted on 3536 diverse BACE1 inhibitors, obtained from Binding DB database, by extracting two types of descriptors, that is molecular property (Mordred) and fingerprints (Pubchem, MACCS and KRFP). Furthermore, based on the descriptors, various machine learning algorithms such as Naïve Bayesian (NB), nearest known neighbours (kNN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and gradient‐boosted algorithms (XGB) were applied to develop classification models. The performance of models was evaluated by using accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score of test set. The best NB, kNN, SVM, RF and XGB classifiers had F1 score of 0.74, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87 and 0.87, respectively. The diverse 3536 BACE1 inhibitors were clustered into 11 subsets, and the structural features of each subset were evaluated. The important fragments present in active and inactive compounds were also identified. The model developed in the study would serve as a valuable tool for the designing of BACE1 inhibitors, and also in virtual screening of molecules to identify these.
Examining the association between cancer history in early life and dental care utilization
Authors: Bahanan Lina , Scott Thayer , Kaye Elizabeth , Sohn Woosung 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to examine associations between cancer history in early life (diagnosed at 20 years of age or younger) and utilization of dental care.MethodsWe analysed data of 10,185 participants, aged ≥20 years, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2015–2018. The main predictor was self‐reported past history of any type of cancer diagnosed at 20 years of age or younger (yes/no). The outcome variables were having a dental visit within the past year, treatment or preventative visit, urgent need for care, and unmet dental need. Covariates included gender, age, race, marital status, education, and income. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression were conducted, accounting for the complex sampling design.ResultsThere was no difference between early life cancer survivors in regards to dental visit within the past year (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.3–1.6), visit for dental treatment (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.3–1.6), urgent need for care (OR: 0.8; 95% CI: 0.3–2.0), or unmet dental need (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.2–1.6) compared to cancer‐free participants.ConclusionsCancer history in early life doesn't impact dental care visits, type of last dental visit, dental care recommendation, or unmet dental need. Future cohort studies are needed to confirm this association.
No effects of rhythmic visual stimulation on target discrimination: An online alpha entrainment experiment
Authors: de Graaf Tom A. , Duecker Felix 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPrevious research established that rhythmic sensory stimulation can affect subsequent stimulus perception, possibly through ‘entrainment’ of oscillations in the brain. Alpha frequency is a natural target for visual entrainment, because fluctuations in posterior alpha oscillations have been linked to visual target detection or discrimination. On the other hand, alpha oscillations also relate to attentional mechanisms, such as attentional orienting or selection. Previous visual alpha entrainment studies focused on differential processing of targets presented in‐phase with the preceding rhythmic stimulation relative to out‐of‐phase targets (an ‘SOA effect’), putatively related to the phase of entrained neuronal alpha oscillations. Fewer studies probed the consequences of rhythmic alpha stimulation for attention mechanisms related to alpha power. Here, we asked whether alpha stimulation of one hemifield has similar effects on reaction times as we see for increased alpha synchronization in magneto/electroencephalography (M/EEG) studies (i.e., more alpha means impaired processing and functional inhibition). We implemented a task inspired by attention studies, assessing reaction times to ipsilateral vs. contralateral visual targets, with and without concurrent presentation of distractors. Yet, in place of any attention cues, we presented a rhythmic, vs. arrhythmic, alpha‐frequency train of visual flashes to one hemifield, in a large sample size (N = 115) in an online experiment. We found clear evidence that flash train rhythmicity did not impact task performance. We also found that the spatial congruence between the unilateral flash train and the subsequent visual target did impact response times but only in the presence of contralateral distractor stimuli. We discuss implications, limitations and future directions.