bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MOG Antibody Positive Optic Perineuritis: an Observational Study in Han Chinese
Authors: MENG CHAO , Wang Jia-wei , Liu Lei , Wei Wen-jing , Tao Jian-hua , Li Yong , Yang Qing-lin , Lai Chun-tao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo shed light on the clinical characteristics, magnet resonance imaging(MRI) changes, and prognosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-IgG) positive OPN in Han Chinese.MethodsWe observed 39 MOG-IgG positive patients in our ward from January 1, 2017 , to December 31, 2019. Twenty patients met OPN inclusion criteria included contrast enhancement surrounding the optic nerve, and at least one of the following clinical symptoms: 1) reduction of visual acuity, 2) impairment of visual field, and 3) eye pain. Single course group(n=11) and recurrence group(n=9) were used for comparison. Outcome variables included Wingerchuk visual acuity classification.Results Of the 20 patients with MOG-IgG positive OPN, 12(60%) were women. Ten cases (50%) presented with bilateral and 17 eyes (56.67%) with severe visual loss (SVL,≤ 0.1). Twenty-one(70.00%) eyes showed edema of optic disc. Twenty-five eyes (83.3%) had longitudinally extensive perineural enhancement. At follow-up, 4 (13%) eyes still had SVL, while 26 (87%) eyes had no SVL, and of the 19 ON patients, 3 (9%) eyes still had SVL. Seven patients (35.00%) experienced at least a relapse(median interval 13.5 months ), and of the 19 ON cases, 4 (21%) patients experienced relapse. The relapse occurred more often in younger patients than the older (mean year: 38.00 vs. 45.54 years; P = 0.025). There were no optic chiasm and brainstem lesions.ConclusionsMOG-IgG positive OPN in Han Chinese often causes severe bilateral visual loss and longitudinally extensive perineural lesion. Younger patients are more likely to relapse. Optic chiasm and brainstem lesions were relatively rare.
A reconfigurable high-gain metal-graphene printed dipole antenna for Wi-Fi and LTE applications
Authors: Ebadzadeh Roghaye , Mohammadi Pejman , Zavvari Mahdi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study presents the design of a reconfigurable c-shaped dipole antenna for Wi-Fi and LTE bands. It consists of two nested c-shape resonators located inside each of the wings of the c-dipole patch antennas. The mentioned resonators have been used due to their inductive and capacitive effects. The reconfigurable property of the proposed antenna has been achieved with two graphene layers which are deposited on two gaps over the patch antennas.The graphene layers adjust the return loss of the proposed antenna into the desired band. These graphene layers are examined with different chemical potentials, so that the antenna return loss changes over the. The simulation results show that the gain of the antenna is higher than 5dB for both LTE and Wi-Fi applications.
Distributed Reed-Muller Coded-Cooperative Spatial Modulation
Authors: Mughal Shoaib , Umar Rahim , Yang Fengfan , Xu Hongjun , Iqbal Rizwan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes the distributed Reed-Muller coded spatial modulation (DRMC-SM) scheme based on Kronecker product (KP) construction. This special construction enabled an effective distribution of classical Reed-Muller (RM) code along source and relay nodes. The proposed DRMC-SM scheme not only offers robustness in bit error rate (BER) performance but also enhances the spectral efficiency due to additional antenna index transmission inculcated by spatial modulation (SM). The usefulness of KP construction over classical Plotkin (CP) construction in coded-cooperation is analysed with and without incorporating SM. An efficient criteria for selecting the optimum bits is adopted at relay node which eventually results in better weight distribution of mutually constructed (source and relay) RM code under proposed KP construction. The numerical results show that proposed KP construction outperforms CP construction by gain of 1 dB in signal to noise ratio (SNR) at bit error rate (BER) of 7 x 10 -7 . Moreover, the proposed DRMC-SM scheme outperforms its non-cooperative Reed-Muller coded spatial modulation (RMC-SM) scheme as well as distributed turbo coded spatial modulation (DTC-SM) scheme in similar conditions. This prominent gain in SNR is evident due to path diversity, efficient selection of bits at relay node and the joint soft-in-soft-out (SISO) RM decoder deployed at the destination node.
“I enjoy sex more without condoms": revisiting barriers and facilitators of consistent condom use among adolescents and young adults in South Africa
Authors: Ajayi Anthony , Omonaiye Olumuyiwa , Nwogwugwu Charlotte 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Previous studies have examined consistent condom use correlates in South Africa, focusing on sociodemographic factors, HIV risk perceptions, relationship conflict, multiple sexual partners, and masculinity. However, the effect of family financial support, HIV testing, partner communication and self-efficacy for HIV prevention is less studied. We drew from a cross-sectional survey to address this gap and highlight the key barriers and facilitators of consistent condom use among young people.

Methods

We analysed data obtained from 631 unmarried sexually active male and females students selected using stratified sampling from a university in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Consistent condom use was defined as regular use of condoms in all sexual encounters in the past year. We used an open-ended question to probe the reasons for inconsistent condom use. Adjusted and unadjusted regression analysis were fitted to examine factors associated with consistent condom use.

Results

The prevalence of consistent condom use was 39.3% (CI: 35.5%-43.2%), with no significant gender and age differences. After adjusting for relevant covariates, living with foster parents (AOR; 1.80 95% CI; 1.09-2.97), adequate family financial support (AOR; 2.49 95% CI; 1.71-3.62), partner knew status (AOR; 1.91 95% CI; 1.09-3.37) and feeling confident in one's ability to prevent HIV (AOR; 1.77 95% CI; 1.09-2.86) were associated with increased odds of consistent condom use. However, self-report of low condom self-efficacy (AOR; 0.58 95% CI; 0.40-0.85) and alcohol use (AOR; 0.83 95% CI; 0.58-1.19) were associated with lower odds of consistent condom use. Young people who inconsistently used condoms reiterated that sex is often unplanned and condoms are not always available. The desire for maximum pleasure, partner's objection, trust, and use of hormonal contraceptives were further reasons others inconsistently use condoms.

Conclusions

Inconsistent condom use remains a challenge among unmarried sexually active young people in South Africa. Education of young people on the need for partner communication about HIV, HIV testing uptake, and condom use should happen more rigorously in school and through the media to improve their consistent use of condoms.
The analysis of Taiwan emergency physician’s core competencies base on the ACGME idea
Authors: Hsu Kuo-Fang , Huang Ping-Lung , Lee Tian-Shyug , Lee Bruce C.Y. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The development of the core competence of physicians is related to the practice of medical quality. As the most important field for cultivating the core competence of physicians, how to achieve the construction and evaluation of core competence is an important issue for medical education and management. This study uses the large core competence framework proposed by the ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education), and use Fuzzy AHP (FAHP) and DEMANTEL method to analyze the weight and priority, and the cause and effect cluster. Study result shows that the FAHP’s importance factor ranking is (1).patient care (C1) (27.83%), (2).medical knowledge (C2) (20.77%), (3).professionalism (C5) (17.93%), (4). Interpersonal and communication skills (C4) (17.41%), (5). practice-based learning and improvement (C3) (15.52%), and (6). systems-based practice (C6) (8.233%). In terms of DEMANTEL, the effect cluster include Patient Care (C1), Professionalism (C5) and Systems-based practice (C6), and the cause cluster includes Medical Knowledge (C2), Practice-based learning and improvement (C3) and Interpersonal and Communication skills (C4). According to finding, the patient care (C1) is the result of attitude, patience, and other five ACGME Core Competence Items. Therefore, the development of emergency physicians’ also needs humanities and ethics training and practice to follows the practice-based learning (C3). This study demonstrates to show on importance factor in emergency physician’s core competencies cultivate. Furthermore, the current findings can serve as a reference for future research in the other specialists physicians cultivate.
E-waste polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure lead to child gut-mucosal inflammation and adaptive immune response
Authors: Chen Guangcan , Huo Xia , Luo Xiuli , Cheng Zhiheng , Zhang Yuling , Xu Xijin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure alters immunological responses. Research concerning PAH exposure on intestinal immunity of children in electronic waste (e-waste) areas is scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollutants on intestinal mucosal immunity of children in e-waste areas. Results showed higher hydroxylated PAH (OH-PAH) concentrations in e-waste-exposed children, accompanied with higher sialyl Lewis A (SLA) level, absolute lymphocyte and monocyte counts, decreased of percentage of CD4+ T cells, and had a higher risk of diarrhea. OH-PAH concentrations were negative with child growth. 1-OHNap mediated through WBCs, along with 1-OHPyr were both correlated with an increase SLA concentration. 2-OHFlu, 1-OHPhe, 2-OHPhe, 1-OHPyr and 6-OHChr were positively correlated with secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration. Our results indicated that PAH pollutants caused inflammation, affected the intestinal epithelium, and led to transformation of microfold cell (M cell). M cells initiating mucosal immune responses and the subsequent increasing sIgA production might be an adaptive immune respond of children in the e-waste areas. To our knowledge, this is the first study of PAH exposure on children intestinal immunity in e-waste area, showing that PAH exposure plays a negative role in child growth and impairs the intestinal immune function.
A previously undescribed highly prevalent phage identified in a Danish enteric virome catalogue
Authors: Espen Lore Van , Bak Emilie Glad , Beller Leen , Close Lila , Deboutte Ward , Juel Helene Bæk , Nielsen Trine , Sinar Deniz , Coninck Lander De , Frithioff-Bøjsøe Christine , Fonvig Cilius Esmann , Jacobsen Suganya , Kjærgaard Maria , Thiele Maja , Fullam Anthony , Kuhn Michael , Holm Jens-Christian , Bork Peer , Krag Aleksander , Hansen Torben , Arumugam Manimozhiyan , Matthijnssens Jelle 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Gut viruses are important players in the complex human gut microbial ecosystem. Recently, the number of human gut virome studies is steadily increasing, however we are still only scratching the surface of the immense viral diversity as many wet lab and bio-informatics challenges remain. In this study, 254 virus-enriched faecal metagenomes from 204 Danish subjects were used to generate a Danish Enteric Virome Catalogue (DEVoC) of 12,986 non-redundant viral genome sequences encoding 190,029 viral genes, which formed 67,921 orthologous groups. The DEVoC was used to characterize the composition of the healthy DEVoC gut viromes from 46 children and adolescents (6-18 years old) and 45 adults (40 -73 years old).Results: The majority of DEVoC viral sequences (67.3 %) and proteins (61.6 %) were not present in other (human gut) viral genome databases. Gut viromes of healthy Danish subjects mostly consisted of phages. While 39 phage genomes (PGs) were present in more than 10 healthy subjects, the degree of viral individuality was high. Among the 39 prevalent PGs, one was significantly more prevalent in the paediatric cohort, whereas two were more prevalent in adults. In 1,880 gut virome samples of 27 studies from across the world, the 39 prevalent PGs reveal several age-, geography- and disease-related prevalence patterns. Two PGs also showed a remarkably high prevalence worldwide – a crAss-like phage (20.6% prevalence), belonging to the tentative AlphacrAssvirinae subfamily, genus I; and a previously undescribed circular temperate phage (14.4% prevalence), named LoVEphage (because it encodes Lots of Viral Elements). A de novo assembly of selected public datasets generated an additional 18 circular LoVEphage-like genomes (67.9-72.4 kb). CRISPR spacer analysis suggested Bacteroides as a host genus for the LoVEphage, and a closely related prophage was identified in Bacteroides dorei, further confirming the host.Conclusions: The DEVoC, the largest human gut virome catalogue generated from consistently processed faecal samples, facilitated analysis of healthy Danish human gut viromes and we foresee that it will benefit future analysis on the roles of gut viruses in human health and disease. The identification of a previously undescribed prevalent phage illustrates the usefulness of developing a virome catalogue.
Prognostic value and biological significance of GUCY1A2 in gastric cancer: a bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Huang Shan , Wei Min , Zhu Mengyuan , Pan Xiaofen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit alpha 2 (sGCα2), also known as GUCY1A2, was reported to be upregulated and promoted tumorigenesis in some cancers. But whether GUCY1A2 was abnormally expressed and the prognostic value in gastric cancer was unknown. The current study aimed to find out the prognostic value of GUCY1A2 in gastric cancer by analyzing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Methods: Wilcoxon signed-rank test, cox regression analysis and multivariant analysis were used to analyze the relationship between clinical characteristic and GUCY1A2 expression level. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the association of GUCY1A2 and overall survival. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to identify GUCY1A2-related signaling pathway. Results: Compared to normal tissue, expression of GUCY1A2 was significantly increased in gastric cancer (p=0.000). Increased GUCY1A2 was associated with advance T stage (p=0.012) and poor survival (p=0.022). Univariate analysis showed that high GUCY1A2 expression was associated with a poor overall survival (HR:1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-2.02, p=0.03). Multivariate analysis indicated that GUCY1A3 remained an independent prognostic predictor of overall survival (HR:1.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-2.56, p=0.00). GSEA revealed that calcium signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway were enriched in GUCY1A2 high expression phenotype. Conclusions: GUCY1A2 maybe a potential prognostic predictor of poor survival in gastric cancer. Calcium signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway may be the key signaling pathway regulated by GUCY1A2.
Evaluation of mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA integrity in Catfish Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum, when exposed for prolonged times to different concentrations of ibuprofen.
Authors: Ríos Sara E. Gallego , Peñuela Gustavo A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
There are few studies to date that determine the effects of ibuprofen on mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM) and DNA integrity in neotropical fish. The objective of this study is to determine if four months’ exposure to ibuprofen in different concentrations (25 and 50 µg/L) produces effects on ΔΨM and alters the integrity of DNA in striped catfish Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum. For this study, the fish were placed in tanks with water at constant concentrations of 0 (control), 25, and 50 µg/L of ibuprofen for four months. Subsequently, blood samples were taken for analysis of ΔΨM and DNA integrity, using a flow cytometer LSRFortessa BD Biosciences. After four months of exposure to ibuprofen at different concentrations, the results showed no increase in Low ΔΨM, indicating that there are no alterations in the mitochondrial membrane potential. On the other hand, the percentages of DNA damage were below 0.39, which indicates that there were no alterations in DNA integrity. It is possible that under the conditions in which this study was conducted (ibuprofen levels, exposure time), they are not sufficient to demonstrate the effects caused by this drug. Higher ibuprofen levels and/or longer exposures may be required to determine alteration in ΔΨM and DNA integrity. Flow cytometric analysis for these types of samples is a fast, specific, and reliable technique, compared to traditional methods.
Unplanned 30-Day Readmissions: Hospital Data Warehouse Modelling.
Authors: Dhalluin Thibault , Bouzillé Guillaume , Bannay Aurélie , Lemordant Pierre , Sylvestre Emmanuel , Grammatico-Guillon Leslie , Cuggia Marc 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Unplanned hospital readmissions are a major healthcare and economic burden. This study compared statistical methods and machine learning algorithms for predicting the risk of all-cause 30-day hospital readmission in two French academic hospitals.Methods: The dataset included hospital stays selected from the clinical data warehouses (CDW) of the two hospitals (Rennes and Tours Academic Hospitals) using the criteria of the French national methodology to measure the 30-day readmission rate (i.e. ≥18-year-old patients, geolocation, no iterative stays, and no hospitalization for palliative care). Then, the prediction performance of Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and Neural Networks were compared separately for the two hospitals but using the same CDW data pre-processing for all algorithms. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated for the 30-day readmission prediction performance of each model as well as the time to train the algorithm.Results: In total, 259,092 and 197,815 stays were included from the Rennes and Tours Academic Hospital CDWs, respectively, with readmission rates of 8.8% (Rennes) and 9.5% (Tours). The AUC of the regression models for the two hospitals ranged from 0.61 to 0.64, with computation times exceeding 18 hours. The AUC of the machine learning models ranged from 0.61 to 0.69 with computation times below 13 hours.Conclusions: Better performance and shorter computation times are obtained with machine learning methods. It is still necessary to compare different algorithms to identify the most efficient model.
Developing Threshold Parameters to Administer Live Vaccines in Cellular Immunodeficiency: A Survey of Practicing Clinical Immunologists
Authors: Ade Justine M. , Joshi Avni 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Live vaccines are contraindicated in patients with severe cellular immunodeficiencies while guidelines regarding the administration of live vaccines in patients with more mild disease are ill-defined. We sought to decipher different parameters used by practicing immunologists for the administration of live vaccines in cellular immunodeficiency patients. A 27-question survey assessing clinical and laboratory threshold parameters used in the administration of live vaccines to immunodeficient patients was distributed to practicing clinicians specializing in immune deficiencies. There were 83 survey respondents, 65% identified as female, and 71% were based in the United States. Allergy / Immunology and Immunodeficiency were the most common identified specialties, accounting for 84% of respondents. Most clinicians did administer live vaccines to patients with humoral (54/67; 80.6%), cellular (41/67; 61.2%), and combined diseases (37/67; 55.2%) . Most clinicians who reported giving live vaccines to patients with immune deficiencies considered a threshold CD4 count of ≥ 400 cells/mm3 (MMR 48/60 [80%], Varicella 42/53 [79%], Rotavirus 40/45 [88.89%]), a CD8 count of ≥ 250 cells/mm3 (MMR 30/39 [76.92%], Varicella 29/37 [78.34%], Rotavirus 27/34 [79.41%]), and normal mitogen function (MMR 44/53 [83.02%], Varicella 40/48 [83.33%], Rotavirus 37/40 [92.5%]). Using these survey results, we propose a treatment threshold of using CD4 count of ≥ 400 cells/mm3, a CD8 count of ≥ 250 cells/mm3, and normal lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogen. Future studies are needed to determine clinical efficacy and safety using these thresholds.
DeepLC can predict retention times for peptides that carry as-yet unseen modifications
Authors: Martens Lennart , Bouwmeester Robbin , Gabriels Ralf , Hulstaert Niels , Degroeve Sven 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The inclusion of peptide retention time prediction promises to remove peptide identification ambiguity in complex LC-MS identification workflows. However, due to the way peptides are encoded in current prediction models, accurate retention times cannot be predicted for modified peptides. This is especially problematic for fledgling open modification searches, which will benefit from accurate retention time prediction for modified peptides to reduce identification ambiguity. We here therefore present DeepLC, a novel deep learning peptide retention time predictor utilizing a new peptide encoding based on atomic composition that allows the retention time of (previously unseen) modified peptides to be predicted accurately. We show that DeepLC performs similarly to current state-of-the-art approaches for unmodified peptides, and, more importantly, accurately predicts retention times for modifications not seen during training. Moreover, we show that DeepLC’s ability to predict retention times for any modification enables potentially incorrect identifications to be flagged in an open modification search of CD8-positive T-cell proteome data. DeepLC is available under the permissive Apache 2.0 open source license and comes with a user-friendly graphical user interface, as well as a Python package on PyPI, Bioconda, and BioContainers for effortless workflow integration.
Genome-enabled discovery of evolutionary divergence in brains and behavior
Authors: Patil Chinar , Sylvester Jonathan , Abdilleh Kawther , Norsworthy Michael W. , Pottin Karen , Malinsky Milan , Bloomquist Ryan F. , Johnson Zachary V. , McGrath Patrick T. , Streelman Jeffrey T. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lake Malawi cichlid fishes exhibit extensive divergence in form and function built from a relatively small number of genetic changes. We compared the genomes of rock- and sand-dwelling species and asked which genetic variants differed among the groups. We found that 96% of differentiated variants reside in non-coding sequence but these non-coding diverged variants are evolutionarily conserved. Genome regions near differentiated variants are enriched for craniofacial, neural and behavioral categories. Following leads from genome sequence, we used rock- vs. sand- species and their hybrids to (i) delineate the push-pull roles of BMP signaling and irx1b in the specification of forebrain territories during gastrulation and (ii) reveal striking context-dependent brain gene expression during adult social behavior. Our results demonstrate how divergent genome sequences can predict differences in key evolutionary traits. We highlight the promise of evolutionary reverse genetics – the inference of divergence in phenotype from genome sequencing in natural populations.