bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fenestral Otosclerosis: A Subtle Lesion Easily Missed
Authors: Yang Nathaniel 
Published: May 2021

A 29-year-old Filipina of Chinese descent presented with progressive bilateral conductive hearing loss of several years’ duration. While working overseas, she consulted with an otolaryngologist and underwent computerized tomographic (CT) imaging of the temporal bone as part of her evaluation. She was informed that no abnormalities were identified in the imaging exam, and she was offered exploratory middle ear surgery with possible stapes surgery. She then sought a second opinion, with the intention of obtaining a more definitive diagnosis prior to any invasive medical intervention. A review of the CT imaging study, with particular emphasis on looking for radiologic evidence of otosclerosis, revealed the presence of a focal region of bone demineralization in the region of the fissula ante fenestram. (Figure 1) This finding is consistent with a diagnosis of fenestral otosclerosis.

Otosclerosis is one of the main differential diagnoses for a patient presenting with bilateral conductive hearing loss and no other visible evidence of otologic disease. Although it is more common in the Caucasian population,1 it must remain as one of the considerations in the Asiatic population, including Filipinos. High-resolution CT is the imaging technique of choice in the evaluation of conductive hearing loss.2 When evaluating a scan for evidence of otosclerosis, it must be remembered that the most common location of involvement is the bone just anterior to the oval window, in a small cleft known as the fissula ante fenestram. It is this relationship that gives rise to the term fenestral otosclerosis. The fissula is a thin fold of connective tissue extending through the endochondral layer, located in the region between the oval window and the cochleariform process, where the tensor tympani tendon turns laterally toward the malleus.3 (Figure 2) Since the average length of the stapes footplate along its short axis is around 1.5 mm, it is highly recommended that submillimeter image slice thickness be routinely ordered for the CT imaging study, in order to maximize the opportunity to identify the oftentimes small and subtle areas of focal demineralization. At a slice thickness of 0.5 mm, such a lesion might only be identified by an astute clinician in 2-3 sequential axial imaging slices.
Evolution of correlation of terms sign and symbol in general semiotics, linguistics, and cultural studies
Authors: Nadiia Pashkova  
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the views on the relation between sign and symbol in modern linguistics and cultural studies and to formulate a theoretical conclusion in order to avoid misunderstandings in scientific works. The methodology is based on the application of an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the central concepts of semiotics, linguistics, and cultural studies. In addition to general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, a cultural-genetic method was used, as well as such linguistic methods as descriptive, comparative, methods of functional and conceptual-ideographic analysis. The scientific novelty of the study is that it first revealed the cause of differences in the interpretation of the relation between sign and symbol in traditional semiotics, modern linguistic and cultural studies, and formulated recommendations for their definition. Conclusions. It is proved that the opposition of sign and symbol in modern humanities is based on the special symbolism of the symbol, which distinguishes it from the other signs, classified by Ch. Pierce in traditional semiotics. Genetically, a symbol is a sign that has developed particular anthropogenic trait distinctions, contrasting with other signs, which nevertheless does not completely remove its sign properties and functions.
Neoseiulus californicus McGregor: A Predatory Mite Species for Controlling Twospotted Spider Mites in Strawberries
Authors: Rondon Silvia I. , Price James F. , Liburd Oscar E. , Francis Roger , Cantliffe Daniel J. 
Published: June 2021

Neoseiulus californicus McGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is an oblong, tiny, mobile, predatory mite that feeds on a variety of prey (Fig. 1). It belongs to the suborder Acariforme in the Acari order. The division includes more than 30,000 described species included in the ancient group of Arachnida (Krantz, 1978). This document is HS1001, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: November 2004.
Cotton Stainer, Dysdercus suturellus (Herrich Schaeffer) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae)
Authors: Mead Frank W. , Fasulo Thomas R. 
Published: June 2021

Four species of "cotton stainers," also known as "red bugs," are known from Florida. However, the most important of these is the cotton stainer, Dysdercus suturellus (Herrich- Schaeffer). Morrill (1910) stated the cotton stainer was the most destructive cotton pest in Florida. Currently, the cotton stainer is a minor pest of cotton, and then only in the southern part of the state (Sprenkel 2000). This document is EENY-330 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular 48), one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: June 2004. Revised: March 2005.
EENY330/IN606: Cotton Stainer, Dysdercus suturellus (Herrich-Schaeffer) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) (ufl.edu)
Faktor-faktor yang meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat dalam penerapan prinsip enam benar pemberian obat
Authors: Nuryani Eni , Dwiantoro Luky , Nurmalia Devi 
Published: May 2021

Perawat sebagai petugas yang langsung memberikan pelayanan kepada pasien, diharapkan mampu mengembangkan dan memelihara prosedur pemberian obat yang aman guna memberikan pelayanan dan proteksi terbaik bagi pasien. Studi menunjukan rendahnya kepatuhan perawat terkait penerapan prinsip enam benar pemberian obat. Ketidakpatuhan ini akan berdampak pada panjangnya lama rawat, biaya perawatan semakin bertambah, keracunan dan alergi terhadap obat, muntah hingga yang terburuk dapat menyebabkan kematian. Tujuan studi ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor yang meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat dalam penerapan prinsip enam benar pemberian obat. Studi ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literatur Review dilaksanakan guna menelusuri berbagai faktor yang meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat dalam pemberian obat. Data yang diambil adalah artikel seputar enam benar prinsip pemberian obat dan faktor yang meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat. Data ditelusuri dari sumber terpercaya dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Indonesia dengan rentang penerbitan 2004 – 2019. Data yang terkumpul dilakukan critical appraisal tool sesuai dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai menjadi 9. Hasil sintesa menunjukan terdapat beberapa faktor yang meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat dalam pemberian obat yaitu pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik, pengawasan dan supervise yang baik dari ketua tim ataupun kepala ruangan, adanya SOP dan fasilitas pemberian obat yang memadai, motivasi perawat yang baik, pendidikan yang lebih tinggi, adanya sosialisasi dari kepala ruang tentang penerapan prinsip enam benar pemberian obat 6 kali dalam setahun, frekuensi audit dilakukan secara berkelanjutan 4 kali internal dan 2 kali eksternal, beban kerja yang tidak terlalu berlebihan serta perawat yang bekerja sudah lama. Faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat dalam penerapan prinsip enam benar pemberian obat adalah tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, supervisi, fasilitas pemberian obat, ketersediaan SOP, motivasi, pendidikan, sosialisasi, frekuensi audit, beban kerja dan lama kerja.
Virtual Screening and Biochemical Testing of Borocycles as Immunoproteasome Inhibitors
Authors: Kollár Levente , Frenczy György Gábor , Proj Matic , Gobec Martina , Gobec Stanislav , Sosič Izidor , Keserű György 
Published: May 2021

Inhibition of the immunoproteasome (iCP) offers new opportunities in the treatment of cancer, autoimmune disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Inspired by the success of boronic acids as proteasome inhibitors we have complied a virtual library of commercially available 5- and 6-membered borocycles and performed a structure based virtual screening against the chymotrypsin-like (β5i) subunit of the iCP. The top scored docking poses were visually inspected to select compounds for experimental testing. Six compounds with 5-membered ring and another six compounds with 6-membered ring were subjected to biochemical tests. All compounds exhibited detectable inhibitory activity at 100 µM concentration and these are the first reported cyclic boronic acid inhibitors of the iCP. Structural variations including the ring size and the substitution of the borocyles and the substitution pattern of the attached aromatic ring resulted in no major variation of the inhibitory activity. We propose that the evaluation of larger cycling boronic acid libraries is needed to fully elucidate the potential of these structures.
Moderate and severe symptoms of anxiety and depression are increased among female medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sartorão Filho Carlos Izaias , Rodrigues Wilson Conte de Las Villas , Castro Ricardo Beauchamp de , Marçal Arlete Aparecida , Pavelqueires Shirlene , Takano Luiz , Oliveira Wilson Luis de , Sartorão Neto Carlos Izaias 
Published: June 2021

Background: Emotional disorders in medical students are expected and deserve more attention, especially during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Objective: Evaluate anxiety and depression disorders among medical students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study at a private medical college in Brazil, two months after stay-at-home order and postponed classes due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. A survey among medical students was conducted in May 2020, using questionnaires regarding social and demographic status, the GAD-7 for symptoms of anxiety, and the PHQ-9 for symptoms of depression. Results: A total of 340 of 347 (97.98%) medical students participated. The average GAD-7 score was 9.18 (±4.75), and the average PHQ-9 score was 12.72 (±6.62). The results indicate a significant positive relationship between GAD-7 and females (F=5.816 P=.016). Using a cut-off score of 10 for GAD-7, 157 (46.17%) students were identified with moderate or severe anxiety symptoms. For the PHQ-9 score, using a cut-off of 10 219 (64.41%), students were recognized with moderate or severe symptoms of depression; the results indicate a significant positive relationship between the PHQ-9 and females (F=5.640 P=.018). Conclusion: The analysis demonstrated a significantly higher prevalence of moderate and severe anxiety and depression symptoms among female medical students during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Faktor Risiko Konsumsi Soft Drink dengan Kejadian Kegemukan pada Remaja di SMK Kristen Bala Keselamatan Palu
Authors: Faisal Elvyrah , Anayanti Ridha 
Published: May 2021

Adolescents are an age group that is prone to nutritional problems including obesity. Adolescent lifestyles that can trigger obesity include the consumption of soft drinks. The highest sweetener content in food and beverages is found in soft drinks, and it accounts for 12% of the total carbohydrate requirement which can trigger obesity. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for soft drink consumption on the incidence of obesity in adolescents at the Vocational High School for Safety in Palu in 2018. This type of research used a case-control study. The sample in this study amounted to 64 people who were divided into 32 cases and 32 controls. A sampling of cases was carried out by the total population. Data collection techniques use digital scales and microtome to determine nutritional status, and the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire form to determine the frequency and level of consumption of soft drinks. The analysis showed that the p-value for the frequency of soft drink consumption was 0.802 and the level for consumption of soft drinks was 0.297, with the OR value for the frequency of consumption of soft drinks = 1.485 and the OR value for the level of consumption = 1.98. The conclusion is that there is no relationship between the frequency of consumption of soft drinks, the level of consumption of soft drinks with the incidence of obesity in adolescents at the Vocational School of Salvation Army Palu. but have a risk respectively 1.485 times and 1.98 times the incidence of obesity. It is recommended that schools pay more attention to the types of drinks that are marketed in the school environment and teenagers are expected to be wiser in choosing snacks.
Efektifitas Kombinasi Teknik Counter Pressure dan Pelvic Rocking Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Kala I Fase Aktif Persalinan Normal di Puskesmas Kayamanya
Authors: Noya Fransisca , Nilda Yulita Siregar  
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas kombinasi teknik counter pressure dan pelvic rocking terhadap penurunan nyeri kala I fase aktif persalinan di Puskesmas Kayamanya. Rancangan penelitian yang pakai yaitu studi Quasi Eksperimental, dengan rancangan pretest-posttest control group design. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah non probability sampling berupa teknik consecutive sampling. Data diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dengan ukuran persentase dan uji t – dependent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada kelompok intervensi, sebelum diberikan perlakuan kombinasi teknik counter pressure dan pelvic rocking rerata sebesar 6,3 dan setelah intervensi 1,73. Kombinasi tehnik Counter-pressure dan pelvic rocking memberikan hasil selisih rerata 4,6 yang artinya lebih besar dibandingkan dengan nilai rerata teknik counter pressure yaitu 2,3. Hasil uji statistik menggunakan uji t-dependent menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan setelah perlakuan pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol dengan nilai p < 0,05. Kombinasi teknik counter pressure dan pelvic rocking lebih baik dalam penurunan nyeri kala I fase aktif persalinan normal dibandingkan teknik counter pressure
Imunostimulator Ekstrak Etanol Anredera Cordifolia Terhadap Titer Widal Salmonella typhi O Pada Rattus Norvergicus Galur Wistar
Authors: Pancawari Ariami  , Addien Faqih Pajenengan  , Maruni Wiwin Diarti Wiwin 
Published: May 2021

Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis ekstrak etanol daun Anreder acordifolia sebagai imunostimulator terhadap titer widal S. typhi O pada hewan coba tikus putih jantan galur wistar. Jenis penelitian yaitu quasi-eksperiment dengan design non equivalent control group. Penelitian ini menggunakan hewan coba tikus putih jantan galur wistar. Konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun binahong yang diberikan sebesar 75%. Hewan coba diinduksikan antigen S.typhi O dua kali dengan volume 0,2 mL secara intra peritonial, diinkubasi selama 7 hari. Pemeriksaan Titer Widal S.typhi O dengan cara kualitatif dan semi kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa titer tertinggi yang dapat terdeteksi pada seluruh kelompok kontrol yaitu 1/640 dan seluruh kelompok perlakuan yaitu 1/1.280 yang membuktikan adanya peningkatan titer setelah pemberian ekstrak etanol daun Anredera cordifolia. Hasil uji mann-whitney menunjukkan nilai p = 0,025, p < 0,05 yang membuktikan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan. Kesimpulan ekstrak etanol daun Anredera cordifolia berpotensi sebagai imunostimulator terhadap titer widal S.typhi O pada hewan coba tikus putih jantan galur wistar.
Genome-Wide Variants Associated With Longitudinal Survival Outcomes Among Individuals With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Dungan Jennifer R. , Qin Xue , Hurdle Melissa , Haynes Carol S. , Hauser Elizabeth R. , Kraus William E. 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveCoronary artery disease (CAD) is an age-associated condition that greatly increases the risk of mortality. The purpose of this study was to identify gene variants associated with all-cause mortality among individuals with clinically phenotyped CAD using a genome-wide screening approach.Approach and ResultsWe performed discovery (n = 684), replication (n = 1,088), and meta-analyses (N = 1,503) for association of genomic variants with survival outcome using secondary data from White participants with CAD from two GWAS sub-studies of the Duke Catheterization Genetics Biorepository. We modeled time from catheterization to death or last follow-up (median 7.1 years, max 12 years) using Cox multivariable regression analysis. Target statistical screening thresholds were p × 10–8 for the discovery phase and Bonferroni-calculated p-values for the replication (p &lt; 5.3 × 10–4) and meta-analysis (p &lt; 1.6 × 10–3) phases. Genome-wide analysis of 785,945 autosomal SNPs revealed two SNPs (rs13007553 and rs587936) that had the same direction of effect across all three phases of the analysis, with suggestive p-value association in discovery and replication and significant meta-analysis association in models adjusted for clinical covariates. The rs13007553 SNP variant, LINC01250, which resides between MYTIL and EIPR1, conferred increased risk for all-cause mortality even after controlling for clinical covariates [HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.17–1.86, p(adj) = 1.07 × 10–3 (discovery), p(adj) = 0.03 (replication), p(adj) = 9.53 × 10–5 (meta-analysis)]. MYT1L is involved in neuronal differentiation. TSSC1 is involved in endosomal recycling and is implicated in breast cancer. The rs587936 variant annotated to DAB2IP was associated with increased survival time [HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.51–0.83, p(adj) = 4.79 × 10–4 (discovery), p(adj) = 0.02 (replication), p(adj) = 2.25 × 10–5 (meta-analysis)]. DAB2IP is a ras/GAP tumor suppressor gene which is highly expressed in vascular tissue. DAB2IP has multiple lines of evidence for protection against atherosclerosis.ConclusionReplicated findings identified two candidate genes for further study regarding association with survival in high-risk CAD patients: novel loci LINC01250 (rs13007553) and biologically relevant candidate DAB2IP (rs587936). These candidates did not overlap with validated longevity candidate genes. Future research could further define the role of common variants in survival outcomes for people with CAD and, ultimately, improve longitudinal outcomes for these patients.
In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA-326 in a NOD.H-2h4 Mouse Model of Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Authors: Zhao Na , Wang Zhenzhen , Cui Xuejiao , Wang Shuo , Fan Chenling , Li Yushu , Shan Zhongyan , Teng Weiping 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundPrevious studies reported that various miRNAs participate in autoimmune diseases, but the potential regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) needs further exploration.ObjectiveThis study aimed to further verify that miR-326 contributes to AIT by regulating Th17/Treg balance through Ets-1 using lentiviral gene delivery through tail vein and thyroid injection in NOD.H-2h4 mice.Materials and MethodsFive-week-old NOD.H-2h4 mice were divided randomly into tail vein and thyroid injection groups, and each received either mmu-miR-326 sponge (LV-sponge) or lentiviral vector control. Mice were divided for tail vein injection: the therapeutic LV-ctrl, therapeutic LV-sponge, prophylactic LV-ctrl, and prophylactic LV-sponge groups. The control group was fed high-iodine water without vein injection. The thyroid infiltration of lymphocytes and serum TgAb value were investigated by thyroid hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and ELISA, respectively. Ets-1 and lymphocyte counts were measured by RT-PCR, western blotting, and flow cytometry. The thyroid CD4+IL-17a+ cells and CD4+Ets-1+ cells were detected by immunofluorescence, and the serum cytokines were tested by ELISA.ResultsIn the tail vein injection groups, the thyroid inflammatory score and serum TgAb titer were significantly lower in the LV-sponge groups than in the control and LV-ctrl groups while Ets-1 protein expression in mouse spleens was increased in the LV-sponge groups. Moreover, Th17/Treg ratio declined in the LV-sponge group and decreased significantly in the prophylactic LV-sponge group (P = 0.036) tested by flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence showed that, in LV-sponge groups, CD4+IL-17a+ cells were decreased significantly (P = 0.001), while CD4+Ets-1+ cells were increased significantly in the LV-sponge group (P = 0.029). The serum IL-17/IL-10 was decreased significantly in the LV-sponge group (P &lt; 0.05). In the thyroid injection groups, the thyroid inflammatory score and serum TgAb titer in the LV-sponge group decreased significantly compared with those in the LV-ctrl group (P &lt; 0.05). In addition, in LV-sponge groups, CD4+IL-17a+ cells were decreased, while CD4+Ets-1+ cells were increased significantly in the inhibition group evaluated by immunofluorescence. Moreover, tail vein injection of LV-sponge resulted in much lower TgAb levels in thyroiditis compared with thyroid injection.ConclusionMiR-326 targeted therapy may be a promising approach for AIT. In addition, tail vein injection may achieve a better intervention effect than thyroid injection.
Metabolic Evaluation in Patients With Hepatitis C Treated With Direct Antiviral Agents
Authors: Estefan Sergio , Brandão-Melo Carlos Eduardo , dos Santos Silva Cintia Marques , Gomes Danilo Cosme Klein , Cardoso Paula , Costa Marcia Helena S. 
Published: May 2021

Epidemiological data clearly indicate a link between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and altered glucose homeostasis.Objective: To evaluate the response of treatment with direct antiviral agents (DAAs) on metabolic variables of patients with hepatitis C.Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study in a sample of patients with hepatitis C starting therapy with DAAs followed on the hepatology division of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State. Data were collected in two stages: before the start of therapy and between 12 and 52 weeks after obtaining the sustained virological response.Results: In the baseline assessment of the 97 patients selected, 19.3% were obese, 38.6% were overweight, 50% were hypertensive, 43.8% were pre-diabetic, 12.5% were diabetic, 31.2% were dyslipidemic, and 21.8% had metabolic syndrome. There was an increase in total cholesterol and LDL levels (p &lt; 0.001), and a non-significant reduction in blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels after treatment. In the post-treatment, there was a reduction in fibrosis (p = 0.016), with a reduction in the levels of GGT, AST, and ALT (all with p &lt; 0.001), as well as in the FIB4 and APRI scores (both with p &lt; 0.001) and in the degree of fibrosis evaluated by elastography represented in kPa (p = 0.006). The blood glucose level was higher in patients with steatosis (p = 0.039) after treatment. There was a positive pre-treatment correlation between the degree of fibrosis (kPa) and FIB4 (r = 0.319, p = 0.004), APRI (r = 0.287, p = 0.010), and the NAFLD score (r = 0.275, p = 0.016).Conclusion: Patients with hepatitis C had a high prevalence of metabolic disturbance in the pre-treatment phase, but the therapy did not show beneficial effects, especially on glucose metabolism.