bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational Related Shoulder and Neck Pain Among Working Population of Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mengistu Dechasa Adare , Dammu Yohannes Mulugeta 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Currently, work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a significant public health concern and are one of the leading causes of disability-adjusted life years and reducing quality of life. Therefore, the current study aimed to provide the country-wide prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, particularly shoulder and neck pain, in Ethiopia.Methods: This study considered studies conducted in Ethiopia, written in English and published in 2017-2020 and searched using included electronic databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Embase, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online database. The quality assessment of the studies was done using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment tools to determine the relevance of each included article to the study.Results: The study found that the pooled prevalence of shoulder and neck pain in the previous year represented 37.9% [95% CI:26.5, 50.8%] and 29.9% [95% CI: 20.1, 41.9], respectively. Based on the subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of shoulder pain in the last year based on the study population, publication year and study region was 47.6% [95% CI: 45.8, 49.4%], 49.8% [95% CI: 45.7, 53.9%] and 44.6% [95% CI: 41.4, 47.8%], respectively, while the pooled prevalence of neck pain in the last year based on the study population, publication year and study area was 39.1% (95% CI: 37.5, 40.7%], 25.1% [ 95% CI: 20.8, 29.9%] and 32.6% [95% CI: 29.8, 35.5%], respectively.Conclusions This study found that at least one third of the study participants had experienced occupational-related shoulder and/or neck pain the previous year. The study suggests that there is a need to implement occupational health and safety to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders and other hazards.
Cool-Dry Season Depression in Gas Exchange of Canopy Leaves and Water Flux of Tropical Trees at the Northern Limit of Asian Tropics
Authors: Siddiq Zafar , Zhang Yong-Jiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Trees on the northern boundary of Asian tropics experience hot-humid and cool-dry seasons, but little is known about their seasonal dynamics in canopy physiology. We used a canopy crane to reach the canopy of nine tropical tree species and measured canopy leaf gas exchange, water status, and trunk sap flux during the hot-humid and cool-dry seasons in Xishuangbanna, China. We found that most tree species exhibited significant reductions in maximum photosynthetic rate (Amax), stomatal conductance (gsmax), predawn and midday leaf water-potentials, and maximum sap flux density in the cool-dry season. Compared to the hot-humid season, Amax declined by 19 % − 60 %, and maximum water flux declined by -14% (an increase) to 42 %. The cool-dry season decline in Amax of four species can be partly explained by an increased stomatal limitation (decreased gsmax and intercellular CO2 concentrations). Therefore, a predicted increase in drought in this region may decrease the carbon sequestration and productivity of these forests. We did not find a tradeoff between performance (Amax in the hot-humid season) and persistence through the cool-dry season; species with higher Amax in the hot-humid season did not show higher percent seasonal declines in the cool-dry season. Amax was significantly and positively associated with the trunk spa flux for both seasons but the association was weak in the cool-dry season. Thus, our results suggest that some tradeoffs and trait associations are environment-dependent. Our results are important to understand carbon and water fluxes of seasonal tropical forests and their responses to environmental changes.
Occupational Related Upper and Low Back Pain Among Working Population of Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mengistu Dechasa Adare , Demmu Yohannes Mulugeta , Alemu Addisu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Occupational-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a major public health problem and result in the growing demands for utilization of healthcare services, causing temporary and permanent disability and reduced quality of life. In developing countries, particularly Ethiopia, there is no adequate evidence on the overall prevalence of occupational-related MSDs and remains less prioritized and empirically unrepresented. Thus, this study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of occupational-related musculoskeletal disorders, particularly low and upper back pain among the working population of Ethiopia.Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis considered studies conducted in Ethiopia, written in English, and published in 2017-2020. The articles were searched using the following electronic databases such as Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, African Index Medicus, African Journals Online database, and Science directly using a combination of Boolean logic operators, Medical Subject Headings, and main keywords. The quality assessment of the articles was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools to determine the relevance of the articles to the study.Results: In the current study, the pooled prevalence of occupational-related upper and lower back pain in the previous year was 27.1% [95% of the CI: 18.4, 37.9%] and 54.2% [95% of the CI: 48.2, 60.0%], respectively. However, the pooled prevalence of occupational-related upper back pain in the previous year according to the publication year, the study population and the study area was 43.8% [95% of CI: 39.3, 47.7%], 34.7%[95% of CI: 33.1, 36.2%] and 36.2% [95% of CI: 33.6, 39.0%] respectively while the prevalence of low back pain in the previous year according to the publication year, the study population and the study area was 61.8% [95% of CI: 58.9, 64.6%], 52.8% [95% of CI: 51.3, 54.3%] and 55.2% [95% of CI: 51.4, 59.0%] respectively.Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis found that more than half of the included study participants had experienced low back pain in the previous year, while more than one-fourth of the included participants had experienced upper back pain. Therefore, the application of occupational health and safety practices in the workplace plays an important role in reducing MSDs related to work and other occupational hazards.
The Impact of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation on Short-Term and Long-Term Mortality of Critically Ill Patients with Candidemia
Authors: Xiao Zengli , Du Anqi , An Youzhong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Both new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) and candidemia occurred frequently in critically ill patients, which are associated with poor outcomes. But, the association between NOAF and critically ill patients with candidemia is still uncertain. This study is try to identify the impact of NOAF on short-term and long-term mortality of critically ill patients with candidemia.Methods: We retrospectively identified NOAF in all patients with candidemia admitted to a non-cardiac intensive care unit (ICU) from January 2011 to March 2018 in a teaching hospital. We categorized these patients into 3 groups (NOAF, Prior AF, No AF) and compared clinical information between groups. Risk factors for these patients’ short-term and long-term mortality were also analyzed.Results: Ninety-two patients with candidemia were identified from 2011 to 2018. Among these patients, 26 (28.3%) developed NOAF during their hospital stay. The multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that stroke, anemia, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and NOAF were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality and NOAF was also the independent risk factor for 1 year mortality.Conclusions: There was a high incidence of NOAF in critically ill patients with candidemia, which was associated with in-hospital mortality and 1 year mortality after hospital discharge. Further multicenter studies should be conducted to help confirm this relationship and to find effective interventions that reduce short-term and long-term mortality.
The Role of Simultaneous Standardized Uptake Value and MRI Diffusion Weighted Heterogeneity Index from Hybrid PET/MR in the Evaluation of Brain Metastases
Authors: Özkul Bahattin , Sokmen Bedriye Koyuncu , Sever Ibrahim Halil , Gurcan Nagihan Inan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPET/MRI is a hybrid imaging modality and uses for evaluating oncology patients with its benefits of combination of soft tissue contrast and glucose metabolism. AimsTo evaluate the role of simultaneous derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) heterogeneity index and 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) standardized uptake value (SUV) from hybrid PET/MRI to differentiate brain metastasis (BM) from normal appearing brain parenchyma (NABP) and to find out the efficiency of combination of ADCCV and SUV against conventional ADC parameter. Study DesignWhole-body PET/MRI was performed to evaluate proven 49 BM of 26 oncology patients (15 females, 11 males; mean age 63±16 years), sourced from different primary cancer. MethodsBrain sequences, which were dixon and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) protocols with simultaneous PET were used to calculate coefficient of variance of the ADC (ADCCV) and SUVmax. All images were assessed by three radiologists and the same size of VOI was placed on BM and NABP. Inter-rater reliability was tested by inter-class correlation (ICC). The correlation of ADCCV and SUVmax and the differences in ADC values and SUVmax between BM and NABP were investigated. ResultsThe excellent consistency was found between raters at ADCmean (0.972) and ADCCV (0.995). There was a moderate correlation between ADCCV and SUVmax (r=0.585) and a negligible inverse correlation between ADCmean and SUVmax (r=-0.154). A statistically significant difference between BM and NABP was determined for ADCCV (p<0.001) and SUVmax (p=0.007). An area under the curve (AUC) of 0.663, 0.966, 0.571, 0.696 and 0.971 were obtained with ROC analysis of SUVmax, ADCCV, ADCmean, SUVmax+ADCmean and SUVmax+ADCCV, respectively.ConclusionADCCV may be considered as a new parameter in multi-parametric MRI that quantitatively discriminates BM from NABP with excellent interrater reliability.
Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine Qi Zhi Jiang Tang Capsule Treatment For Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pang Bing , Guo He , Zhang Yue-ying , Hu Hua-jie , Sun Ye , Cao Ai-mei , Lu Chun-qian , Zhang Wei-hua , Ni Qing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the most frequently occurring complication of diabetes mellitus and remains a leading cause of vision loss globally. Conventional treatments are focused on advanced stage of disease, targeting the early and potentially reversible retinal injury is a promising strategy for delaying non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Here, we investigated the efficacy and safety of Qizhi Jiangtang capsule (QZJC), a kind of traditional Chinese patent medicine, for patients with NPDR.Methods: This study is a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center clinical trial. A total of 200 participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to QZJC plus calcium dobesilate (CaD) group, QZJC placebo plus CaD group, QZJC group or QZJC placebo group. The treatment duration lasts 24 weeks. The primary outcome is the changes in grading of retinal microvascular injury before and after treatment. The secondary outcome will be changes in the vision, glycolipid, blood pressure, urinary albumin excretion rate and improvement of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms. All statistics will be two-sided tests, P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant.Discussion: We postulate that NPDR patients will benefit from QZJC. If successful, this work will provide preliminary evidence that QZJC could delay the progress of DR.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry no. ChiCTR1900023506. Registered 31 May 2019. The Version identifier is 2018121702.
Target blood pressure management during cardiopulmonary bypass improves lactate level after cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Miao Qing , Wu DongJin , Chen Xu , Xu Meiying , Sun Lin , Guo Zhen , He Bin , Wu Jingxiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background：Hyperlactacidemia seriously affects the prognosis of cardiac surgery patients. This study was to explore the impact of target blood pressure management during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on blood lactate level after cardiac surgery. Methods: Enrolled in this study were patients≧ 18 years who were scheduled for cardiac valve surgery between January 1, 2020 and June 30, 2020 at Shanghai Chest Hospital. The enrolled patients were randomized into a low mean arterial pressure (L-MAP) group (target MAP between 50-60mmHg) and a high mean arterial pressure (H-MAP) group (target MAP between 70-80 mmHg). Norepinephrine was titrated during CPB to maintain MAP at the target level.Blood lactate levels in the two groups were detect before operation (T0), at the end of CPB (T1), at the end of operation (T2), 1 h after operation (T3), 6 h after operation (T4) and 24 h after operation (T5) as the primary outcome. The secondary outcome was the dose of epinephrine and dopamine within 24 h after operation, at the time of extubation, during ICU stay, at the time of readmission within 30 days, and mortality in 1 year. Results: There was no significant difference in blood lactate level between the two groups at T0, T4 and T5. The lactate level in H-MAP group was significantly lower than that in L-MAP group (1.68±0.73, 2.33±0.93 and 2.90±1.09 mM;L-1 vs. 2.29±1.12, 3.63±1.86 and 4.60±2.24 mM;L-1) at T1, T2 and T3. The dose of epinephrine within 24 h after operation, at the time of extubation and during ICU stay in L-MAP group was significantly higher than that in H-MAP group. Conclusions: Target MAP management in patients with relatively high levels of MAP during CPB could decrease the blood lactate level, reduce epinephrine consumption, and shorten the time of extubation and length of ICU stay after surgery, thus improving the prognosis of cardiac surgery patients. Trial registration: This single-center single-blind RCT has completed the registration of the Chinese Clinical Trial Center with the registration number ChiCTR2000028941.
Clusterin Protects Against Cr(VI)-Induced Oxidative Stress-Associated Hepatotoxicity By Mediating The Akt-Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ma Yu , Li Siwen , Tang Sixuan , Ye Shuzi , Liang Ningjuan , Su Ying , Liang Yuehui , Xiao Fang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a serious environmental pollutant and threatens human health. Although it has been confirmed that oxidative stress is the main mechanism of liver injury caused by Cr(VI) exposure, the related toxic target and effective intervention measures have not been found. Clusterin (CLU) is an acute phase response protein with cytoprotective and apoptosis delaying effects, and its expression has been confirmed to increase significantly after exposure to Cr(VI). In this study, we demonstrate that CLU acts on the Protein Kinase B (PKB/Akt)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway to release Nrf2 into the nucleus. This to initiates the expression of a downstream protein, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), thereby attenuating the ubiquitination ability of Keap1 with Nrf2. We also demonstrated that CLU can affect oxidative stress through the Akt/Nrf2 pathway, which reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by Cr(VI) and protects against Cr(VI)-induced oxidative stress-associated hepatotoxicity. This study demonstrates a the mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced hepatotoxicity, and indicates that CLU as an intervention target of oxidative stress can provide valuable experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in Cr(VI)-exposed population.
Craniospinal Irradiation As Part of Re-Irradiation for Children With Recurrent Medulloblastoma.
Authors: Baroni Lorena , Freytes Candela , Ponce Nicolas Fernández , Oller Agustina , Pintos Natalia , Gonzalez Adriana , Maldonado Francisco , Sampor Claudia , Rugilo Carlos , Lubieniecki Fabiana , Alderete Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Many studies have demonstrated in the last years that once medulloblastoma has recurred, the probability of regaining tumor control is poor despite salvage therapy. Although re-irradiation has an emerging role in other relapsed brain tumors, there is a lack of strong data on re-irradiation for medulloblastoma.
Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 18 years or under, treated at least by a second course of external beam for recurrence medulloblastoma at Garrahan Hospital between 2009 and 2020. Twenty-four patients met eligibility criteria for inclusion. All patients received upfront radiotherapy as part of the curative-intent first radiotherapy, either craniospinal irradiation (CSI) followed by posterior fossa boost in 20 patients or focal posterior fossa radiation in 4 infants. The second course of radiation consisted of CSI in 15 and focal in 9. The 3-year post first failure OS (50% vs. 0%; p = 0.0010) was significantly better for children who received re-CSI compared to children who received focal re-irradiation. Similarly, the 3-year post-re-RT PFS (31% vs. 0%; p = 0.0005) and OS (25% vs. 0%; p = 0.0003) was significantly improved for patients who received re-CSI compared to patients who received focal re-irradiation. No symptomatic intratumoral haemorrhagic events or symptomatic radionecrosis were observed. Survivors fell within mild to moderate intellectual disability range, with a median IQ at last assessment of 58 (range 43–69).
Conclusion

Re-irradiation with CSI is a safe and effective treatment for children with relapsed medulloblastoma; improves disease control and survival compared with focal re-irradiation. However this approach carries a high neurocognitive cost.
Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals CCR7 As A Potential Biomarker for Predicting CKD Progression
Authors: Lai Junju , Shan Huizhi , Cui Sini , Xiao Lingfeng , Huang Xiaowen , Xiao Yun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) inevitably progresses to end-stage renal disease if intervention does not occur in time. However, there are limitations in predicting the progression of CKD by solely relying on changes in renal function. A biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity that can predict the progression of CKD early is required.
Methods

We used the online Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray dataset GSE45980 to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in patients with progressive and stable CKD. We then performed functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis on DEGs and identified key genes. Finally, the expression patterns of the key genes were verified using the GSE60860 data set, and the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to clarify their predictive ability of progressive CKD. Ultimately, we verified the expression profiles of these hub genes in an in vitro renal interstitial fibrosis model by RT-PCR and western blot analysis.
Results

Differential expression analysis identified 50 upregulated genes and 47 downregulated genes. The results of the functional enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in immune response, inflammatory response, and NF-κB signaling pathways, whereas the downregulated DEGs were mainly related to angiogenesis and the extracellular environment. PPI network and key gene analysis identified CCR7 as the most important gene. CCR7 mainly plays a role in immune response, and its only receptors, CCL19 and CCL21, have also been identified as DEGs. The ROC curve analysis of CCR7, CCL19 and CCL21 found that CCR7 and CCL19 present good disease prediction ability.
Conclusion

CCR7 may be a stable biomarker for predicting the progression of CKD, and the CCR7-CCL19/CCL21 axis may be a therapeutic target for end-stage renal disease. However, further experiments are needed to explore the relationship between these genes and CKD.
Dynamical Analysis of Transmission of Hepatitis B and C Viruses with External Source of disease by Mathematical Model
Authors: Mohsen Ahmed , Hattaf Khalid , AL-Husseiny Hassan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we develop a deterministic mathematical model of the Hepatitis B and C viruses transmission in population, which allows transmission by two way vertical such as from pregnant mother to fetus and horizontal. Also, by two way through direct contact and due to the external source of infective such as blood transfusion or other. In reality, we know that there is a vaccination against the hepatitis B virus but so far, there is no vaccine against the hepatitis C virus this is why it is considered more dangerous than hepatitis B. Furthermore, we study the vaccination effect with the failure in the vaccine. We propose an SVIBICR model using a system of ordinary differential equations. First the major basic analysis, like the uniqueness, boundedness and positivity of the solution for the proposed model. Second the existence of all biological equilibrium points, basic reproduction number and stability analysis of all equilibrium points. The numerical simulation indicated to confirm the analytic results and the government must apply all control strategies in combating hepatitis virus at short periods of time.
Assessing Biodegradability of PVA/Starch Based Composite Films Reinforced With Long Chain Fatty Acid Grafted Barley Husk
Authors: Mittal Aanchal , Garg Sangeeta , Bajpai Shailendra 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The main objective of this study is the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) PVA/starch based composite films reinforced with barley husk and grafted barley husk (prepared using lauric acid, palmitic acid and arachidic acid) for packaging applications and assessment of their biodegradability. The biodegradability test of the films was performed by measuring weight loss of the films after degradation in soil under natural environmental conditions and by measuring evolved carbon dioxide (CO2) during degradation under aqueous aerobic environment containing activated sludge. Physico-chemical variation in the films after degradation were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The composite films containing barley husk showed highest degradation in soil (70 % after 180 days) as well as in aqueous aerobic medium (58.83 % after 30 days). The results of scanning electron microscopy showed the formation of cracks and holes over the surface of the composite films after degradation. The degradation of the films occurred inside the composite films, not only on their surface. The incorporation of starch and barley husk in PVA matrix enhanced the degradation rate of films.