bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy On Obesity, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes
Authors: Sugai Takuro , Suzuki Yutaro , Yamazaki Manabu , Sugawara Norio , Yasui-Furukori Norio , Shimoda Kazutaka , Mori Takao , Ozeki Yuji , Watanabe Yuichiro , Matsuda Hiroshi , Okamoto Kurefu , Sagae Toyoaki , Someya Toshiyuki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
It is no exaggeration to say that, in Japan, the primary treatment approach for patients with schizophrenia continues to be high-dose antipsychotic polypharmacy. However, the supporting evidence for the efficacy of antipsychotic polypharmacy is insufficient. In fact, antipsychotic polypharmacy is more likely to cause side effects, increase mortality, and decrease treatment adherence. Further, on average, mortality in patients with schizophrenia is 20 years earlier than in people without schizophrenia, and the gap is widening. One potential explanation for the increased mortality rates observed in patients with schizophrenia is that they are at higher risk for metabolic syndrome, indicated by increased rates of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes.
Results
Therefore, we recruited 7,655 outpatients and 15,461 inpatients with schizophrenia from the facilities of the Japan Psychiatric Hospitals Association and conducted a large-scale investigation of the prevalence of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus using a questionnaire. We also examined the relationship between antipsychotic polypharmacy on the parameters that regulate each lifestyle-related disease. As a result of examining the relationship between parameters that regulate each lifestyle-related disease and antipsychotic polypharmacy, we found that the more antipsychotics a patient was on, the higher their values for body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting blood glucose were.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrates that antipsychotic polypharmacy may actually exacerbate obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes. Therefore, it may be better to utilize alternative treatment strategies other than antipsychotic polypharmacy in order to avoid these metabolic side effects.
A Cross-sectional Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19 Related Stressors on Canadian University Students’ Mental Health and Wellbeing
Authors: Linden Brooke , Monaghan Caitlin , Zheng Sally , Rose Jake , Mahar Alyson 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNational, cross-sectional data suggests that over one third of young, post-secondary aged adults are endorsing moderate to severe levels of anxiety and depression in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of pandemic-related stressors on university students’ levels of psychological distress, using a large sample of students attending schools across Canada.MethodsThis study analyzed the first data time point of a cross-sectional, repeated measures study of university student stress completed during the 2020-2021 academic year. Participants (n= 4954) were students attending fourteen universities across Canada. Participants completed an online survey that included questions about demographics, stress, COVID-19 diagnosis history, psychological distress, history of mental illness, and resilience.ResultsParticipants reported the highest mean severity of stress ratings for the following COVID-19 related stressors: the pandemic’s effect on academics (X̅= 2.76, SD= 1.06) and uncertainty around how long the pandemic will last (X̅= 2.68, SD= 0.95). Average psychological distress score was high in this sample (X̅= 28.67, SD= 9.53) with nearly half the sample scoring in the ‘severe distress’ category. Modified log poisson regression models were stratified by high/low resiliency. Within the low resilience stratum, the strongest associations were observed for: COVID-19’s effect on academics (RR= 1.14 [95% CI 1.08, 1.20]); difficulties accessing health care during the pandemic (RR= 1.12 [95% CI 1.07, 1.18]); and loneliness as a result of quarantine/self-isolation (R= 1.11 [95% CI 1.06, 1.16]). Within the high resilience stratum, the strongest associations were observed for: COVID-19’s effect on academics (RR= 1.32 [95% CI 1.25, 1.41]); difficulties accessing healthcare during the pandemic (RR= 1.25 [95% CI 1.18, 1.33])); and uncertainty around how long the pandemic will last (RR= 1.24 [95% CI 1.16, 1.32]). Notably, larger effects were observed for those in the high resilience stratum, contrary to expectations.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that students’ psychological distress has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to effectively support students’ wellbeing throughout the pandemic and beyond, improved understanding of stress related to COVID-19 is needed. Implications of this study and areas for future research are discussed.
Cowpea Induced Physicochemical and Biological Rhizosphere Changes in Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil
Authors: Farouq Ahmad Ali , Ismail Haruna Yahaya , Rabah Abdullahi Bako , Muhammad Aminu Bayawa , Ibrahim Umar Balarabe , Fardami Aminu Yusuf 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To understand the influence of cowpea on its rhizosphere physicochemical and biological conditions.
Methods

Pristine soil samples were contaminated with Bonny-Light crude oil and viable seeds of cowpea were planted to establish rhizosphere soil. Cowpea root exudates were collected and characterized while soil metabolic activities, physicochemical properties and rhizosphere effect were monitored following plant emergence.
Results

Cowpea root exudates were composed of organic acids, phenolics, carbohydrates and hydrocarbons. High rate of soil respiration and microbial biomass carbon were observed in the contaminated rhizosphere reaching its peak on 12th week (70.56 mgCO2g−1day−1) and 10th week (23.18mg/Kg) respectively. Lower rates of soil respirations and microbial biomass carbon were observed in contaminated (10.28 mgCO2g−1day−1; 1.24 mg/Kg) and uncontaminated (0.23 mgCO2g−1day−1; 0.37 mg/Kg) non-rhizosphere control soils respectively. The metabolic properties were positively correlated with soil organic matter contents and microbial size (r = 0.98; p < 0.05). There was considerable improvement in soil physicochemical properties in the cowpea rhizosphere as compared to non-rhizosphere soil Microbial populations were generally improved with positive rhizosphere effect values (>1) presumably due to the presence of compounds in exudates that promote microbial growth.
Conclusion

The results highlighted the influence of cowpea on its rhizosphere conditions which is a good indication for its ability to promote plant growth and environmental cleanup. Therefore, there is the need to further understand the microbial community dynamics in cowpea rhizosphere using culture-independent techniques.
Decoupling Modeling and Stability Optimization of Multiple Degrees of Freedom Motion Equation of Moored Floating Body
Authors: Zhu Jiangfeng , Cao Yuguang , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The motion equation and mechanical characteristics of moored floating body are important research directions of offshore floating structures. Aiming at the difference of response law and mechanical change of floating body in different degrees of freedom, the motion and mechanical balance equations of multiple degree of freedom mooring floating body are established based on decoupling analysis method. Combined with the mechanical simulation model, the time-domain motion variation law and the corresponding relationship of the external force of the mooring floating body in the six degrees of freedom of surge, sway, heave, roll, pitch and yaw are analyzed in detail. The paper focuses on the influence of mooring force on the motion and stability of the floating body, and provides a theoretical reference for the dynamic research of offshore mooring floating structure. In addition, based on the six degree of freedom equations and simulation results, combined with the motion response law of traditional tension type and catenary type mooring schemes, two-points and four-points mooring optimization schemes are proposed. Through simulation and comparison, the superiority of two-points and four-points mooring schemes in motion response and mechanical performance of multiple degree of freedom floating body is verified, which provides important theoretical basis and support for the research of time-domain variation law of mooring system and marine safety control.
Validation and Optimization of the Trigger Tool for the Detection of Adverse Events in General Surgery.
Authors: Zapata Ana Isabel Pérez , Cuéllar Elías Rodríguez , Bartolomé Marta De la Fuente , Arroba Cristina Martín-Arriscado , Morales María Teresa García , Segurola Carmelo Loinaz , López Pedro Ruiz , Herrero Eduardo Ferrero 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGeneral surgery is an area with a major incidence of adverse evets and entails increased use of resources, in addition to the injury caused to the patient. The preparation of specific tools in the field of patient safety and specifically to detect adverse events is a priority of healthcare systems. Regarding the hypothesis that the trigger tool is effective to detect adverse events in general surgery we set out this study with the aim to validate this and propose optimization.MethodsObservational, descriptive, retrospective and multicenter national study where trigger tool (40 triggers) was applied in patients who underwent surgery in general surgery departments. A descriptive analysis was performed. The tool’s sensitivity and specificity was studied by means of looking at predictive capacity. A prediction model was used for the proposed optimization by means of binary logistic regressionResults A total of 31 hospitals took part. The prevalence of adverse events was 31.53%.The tool revealed sensitivity and specificity of 86.27% and 79.55%, respectively. A total of 12 triggers comprised the optimized model. An area under the curve of 79.29% was obtained. Conclusions Trigger Tool is extremely effective to detect adverse events during surgery. The optimized model significantly reduces the number of triggers used and upholds
Pattern of child faeces management and disposable diaper usage among under-fives in an Urban Slum of Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Agestika Lina , Sintawardani Neni , Hamidah Umi , Nyambe Sikopo , Yamauchi Taro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Children's faecal waste is a major environmental health issue despite increasing access to sanitation facilities and sanitary products in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study investigated child faecal management practice and disposable diaper usage among under-fives living in an urban slum of Indonesia. Data on household socio-demographics, child characteristics, and child faeces management practices were collected from 184 randomly selected pairs of mothers and children through interviews and observations. Findings revealed children's common defaecation sites as improved toilet, disposable diaper, and reusable diaper at 33.7, 33.2, and 16.3%, respectively. However, hygienic child faeces disposal was at 45%. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that the common use of disposable diapers and bathroom floor as the child's defaecation site increased unhygienic disposal. This prevalence decreased for mothers with higher education and those who had initiated toilet training. Promoting mothers' disposal of child faeces from disposable diapers, preventing child defaecation on the bathroom floor, and initiating toilet training as soon as a child can walk alone are thus potential interventions.
Produzindo medicalização
Authors: Santos Geane da Silva , Toassa Gisele 
Published: October 2021

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a produção nacional a respeito do encaminhamento de crianças em processo de escolarização a profissionais de saúde, como expressão do processo de medicalização da educação. Realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico na base de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde-Psicologia Brasil/BVS-Psi com os termos: “medicalização”, “medicalização da educação”, “professores e encaminhamentos”, “queixa escolar”, “medicalização na rede pública”, “queixa escolar e medicalização” e “medicalização da queixa escolar”. Selecionaram-se os textos que apresentavam uma perspectiva crítica a respeito dos processos de medicalização da/na educação. Os resultados desta pesquisa indicam que os encaminhamentos são realizados partindo-se de uma concepção de que as dificuldades apresentadas pelas crianças no processo de escolarização são de caráter individual e, dessa forma, passíveis de resolução no campo da saúde. Entretanto, há uma marcante falta de comunicação entre esses serviços e a escola, o que contribui para o recurso ao uso de drogas psicotrópicas como uma das principais medidas para intervir junto às queixas escolares, em detrimento do recurso a novas práticas institucionais da escola.
PENERAPAN FATWA DSN MUI PADA PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH BPRS HASANAH PEKANBARU
Authors: Winario Mohd , Fuaddi Husni 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian didasari atas fenomena yang terjadi di masyarakat atas tanggapan bahwa pembiayaan murabahah di bank syariah sama traskasi pinjaman di bank konvensional, hal ini juga didukung dengan adanya fatwa DSN MUI yang mengatur pembiayaan murabahah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Bank Riau Kepri Syariah Pekanbaru, dengan tujuan mengetahui penerapan pembiayaan akad murabahah apakah sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip islam juga apakah sudah sesuai dengan fatwa yang telah ditetapkan oleh DSN-MUI. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di BPRS Hasnaah Pekanbaru, dengan tujuan mengetahui penerapan pembiayaan murabahah dalam penerapannya apakah sudah sesuai dengan fatwa yang telah ditetapkan oleh DSN-MUI. Metode pengambilan sampel penelitian ini dengan menggunakan snowball sampling, dengan cara interview, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT. BPRS Hasanah Pekanbaru dalam menerapkan pembiayaan Murabahah sudah sesuai dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan kehati-hatian dalam pelaksanaanya supaya BPRS terus konsisten pada kesyariahannya dan mendapat hati di hati nasabah.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors treatment in dyslipidemic patients: a real world prescription
Authors: Derosa Giuseppe , Maffioli Pamela , D’Angelo Angela , Girola Andrea , Colombo Emanuela , Fiorenza Anna Maria , Macias José J. Ceballos , Sanchez Carolina L. , Raddino Riccardo , Pasini Gian Franco , Triggiani Marco , Maresca Andrea M. , Tandurella Nicolò , Guasti Luigina 
Published: October 2021

Aim
Dyslipidemia is recognized as one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. This retrospective observational study was aimed to assess the effect of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in dyslipidemic patients with a lipid profile not well controlled by maximally tolerated statin therapy or intolerant to these lipid-lowering drugs. We enrolled 151 patients, of whom, 119 were taking evolocumab and 32 alirocumab.

Results
Total cholesterol significantly decreased progressively until the fourth year; after 4 years there was a significant reduction (−125.5 mg/dl, −51.5%, P < 0.0001 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year and P < 0.05 vs 2 years) and −2.8 mg/dl (−2.3%) compared with the third year. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) also decreased significantly until the fourth year. After 3 years, there was a significant reduction (−117.8 mg/dl, −71.5%, P < 0.0001 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year) and −13.9 mg/dl (−22.8%) compared with the second year; after 4 years there was a significant reduction (−121.4 mg/dl, −73.7%, P < 0.0001 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year and P < 0.05 vs 2 years) and −3.6 mg/dl (−7.7%) compared with the third year. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol increased significantly only during the fourth year of detection. After 3 years, there was a nonsignificant increase (4.9 mg/dl, 10.0%, P = 0.061 vs baseline) and 1.6 mg/dl (3.1%) compared with the second year; after 4 years, there was a significant increase (5.2 mg/dl, 10.6%, P < 0.05 vs baseline) and 0.3 mg/dl (0.6%) compared with the third year. The value of Tg was significantly reduced progressively until the second year and then stabilized in the third and fourth years. After 3 years, the value of Tg stabilized (−48.6 mg/dl, −32.4%, P < 0.01 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year) and −4.8 mg/dl (−4.5%) compared with the second year; after 4 years (−46.4 mg/dl, −31.0%, P < 0.01 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year) there was a slight and nonsignificant increase of 2.2 mg/dl (2.2%) compared with the third year. Regarding adverse events, both drugs were well tolerated.

Conclusions
We showed that PCSK9 inhibitors are well tolerated and provide long-term significant LDL-C lowering in individuals with hyperlipidemia.
Lobbying and the Like: Managing the Regulatory Environment
Authors: Martin Kelly , Josephson Brett , Vadakkepatt Gautham , Johnson Jean 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Companies not only stand up for or against specific matters in plain sight of the customer, they also pursue their interests less publicly in the political arena. Lobbying and other forms of political management are common strategies to influence the regulatory environment in favor of one´s company. The results of this research show that political marketing strategies directly and positively influence company performance. Political marketing reduces market based risk. Lobbying or government relations can act as an insurance during economic downturn and companies might be more likely to receive government assistance during economic hardships. Neverthelss, consumers feel negatively about connections they perceive as too close between business and government. Therefore, lobbying companies and governments alike might be well advised to take the reputation problem of political marketing seriously and install rules to avoid the abuse of power of all parties involved.
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR DI MASJID AGUNG SUMENEP DENGAN SISTEM ECODRAIN
Authors: Chayati Cholilul , Jasuli Darma 
Published: October 2021

Drainase merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting karena untuk mengalirkan air yang berlebihan dari permukaan tanah atau dari dalam tanah, sehingga tidak dapat dipisahkan dari perkembangan suatu daerah. Drainase diperlukan untuk mencegah terjadinya kelebihan air yang dapat menyebabakan terjadinya genangan di suatu daerah atau tempat. Masjid Agung Sumenep salah satu tujuan wisata religi yang menjadi tempat kunjungan wajib bagi wisatawan,dan merupakan masjid Utama yang ada di Sumenep dengan jumlah jamaah 2463 setiap harinya. Di masjid Agung limbah cair langsung di buang ke saluran drainase yang ada, belum ada pengolahan limbah cair yang di hasilkan.
Volume limbah cair yang di hasilkan oleh jamah dari kamar mandi dan tempat wudhu sebesar 24.630 liter/orang atau sebesar 24,63 m³/hari Desain ecodrain yang direncankan ada 2 jenis desain ecodrain Ecodrain dengan menggunakan sistem anaerob dan aerob dengan 6 tahapan proses pengolahan limbah dan Ecodrai dengan kolam sanitasi dengan 4 tahapan proses pengolah limbah menggunakan tanaman sebagai pengurai limbah
Lights, Camera, Activity! A Systematic Review of Research on Learner-Generated Videos
Authors: S Epps Bridgette , Luo Tian , Salim Muljana Pauline 
Published: October 2021

Aim/Purpose: The current literature discusses the use and benefits of learner-generated videos (LGVs). However, it rarely addresses any correlation between the types of subjects that are best suited for using these videos or what techniques should accompany the use of LGVs.

Background: This systematic review synthesizes current literature to identify patterns and implications that develop from the use of LGVs so that their future use can be both consistent and effective. This paper also reviews the studies to establish the most consistent educational benefits that emerge from this activity.

Methodology: Employing the Preferred-Reporting of Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique, this systematic review cumulated 39 eligible studies published between 2008 to 2020. A set of eligibility criteria guided us in the article selection process, such as the use of LGVs as an assignment, educational settings, publication time frame, and empirical studies. We conducted further steps by searching the articles in major databases, screening, analyzing, and synthesizing the articles.

Contribution: This study expands the literature regarding LGVs-related topics in both research and practical aspects. We have discovered research gaps, suggesting the directions of future studies. Additionally, we provide suggestions for practitioners interested in adopting LGVs.

Findings: Findings reveal that the use of LGVs may result in reduced cognitive load, increased creativity, increased cross-curricular competencies, learner independence, and the ability to apply knowledge in a meaningful way.

Recommendations for Practitioners: Most of the studies that we reviewed recommended strategies for implementing LGVs into a curriculum to optimize the benefits of LGVs.
•	Articulating the learning objectives and aligning the LGV activities with the learning objectives emerges as an important strategy.
•	Instructors may guide students to commence the LGV project early and stay organized with the tasks required to complete the project, as this type of guidance may help students overcome time-related challenges.
•	Providing several options for the students to create different designs or formats and select the type of media would promote their creativity.

Recommendation for Researchers: Other scholars may consider exploring group differences in their learning performance by employing an experimental study (e.g., providing specific production rules versus not), including investigating the impact on the learning achievement.

Future Research: Future studies may focus on investigating the impact on cognitive load when students produce LGVs with instructional guidance. Other important variables, such as self-confidence and self-efficacy, that may have played a role in the process of producing LGVs deserve further attention.
Imposition of Divine Obligations (Taklif) As a Trust (Amanah) Entrusted to Mankind and the Wisdom behind It: An Exposition of Verse 72 & 73 of Al-Ahzab in Shah Wali Allah Al-Dehlawi’s Hujjat Allahi Al-Balighah (Part 1)
Authors: Ali al-Fijawi Mohammed Farid 
Published: October 2021

Shah Wali Allah al-Dehlawi asserted that the term “amanah” in verse 72-73 of al-Ahzab, implies taklif (Imposition of Divine Obligation) on the human being. He explained that taklif constitutes three important elements namely, imposing Divine obligations, option to obey and disobey, and reward and punishment. All creations (makhluqat) of Almighty Allah is bound by a set of laws by the Creator, but these three elements draw a line of distinction between them and the humans. In order to argue this as a wisdom behind taklif, al-Dehlawi presented two types of arguments, revealed arguments (dalil naqli) and rational argument (dalil ‘aqli). In this academic note (part 1), we are covering the first argument.
Keywords: Amanah (trust), Hujjat Allah al-Balighah, Shah Wali Allah al-Dehlawi, taklif (Divine Obligation), mukallaf.