bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indigenous perspectives on concepts and determinants of flourishing in a health and well-being context: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Nelson Vicky , Derrett Sarah , Wyeth Emma 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionIndigenous people, including Māori in New Zealand, face many inequities in health and the determinants of health. Historically, the analysis and reporting of Indigenous health in the literature has usually taken a western medical view, often with a descriptive and deficit-oriented approach—ignoring the holistic nature of Indigenous health. This project takes a nondeficit approach and is interested in the factors that support the health and well-being of Indigenous people, including Māori. Flourishing is a recent and increasingly used term within the well-being literature; however, concepts, theories and determinants related to Indigenous flourishing are largely unknown. This scoping review aims to identify, describe and synthesise the nature and extent of the current empirical literature related to concepts, theories and determinants of Indigenous flourishing, in health and well-being contexts.Methods and analysisScoping review methods and guidelines included in the framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews, will be followed for best practice and reporting of this scoping review. The literature for this review will be identified by searching the following databases: Medline (OVID), EMBASE (Ovid), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, MAI journal, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. The research team has formulated a systematic search strategy, which will be restricted to articles published between January 1970 and May 2020 and published in the English language. Two reviewers will independently screen eligible studies for final study selection. A third reviewer will resolve any discrepancies that arise. Data from included studies will be extracted and included in thematic analysis, using a tool developed iteratively by the research team.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was not required for this review. Dissemination of results will include publication in peer-reviewed journal articles, presentation of results at conferences and interactive discussions with a project expert advisory group. This scoping review also informs a larger project, examining the long-term health and flourishing of Māori, the Indigenous people of New Zealand and their whānau (families).
Enabling first and second year doctors to negotiate ethical challenges in end-of-life care: a qualitative study
Authors: Donnelly Sinead , Walker Simon 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo understand the unique ethical and professional challenges confronting first and second year doctors in caring for people who are dying, and to learn what factors help or hinder them in managing these.Method6 first year and 7 second year doctors were interviewed one-to-one by a senior palliative medicine physician (SD), quarterly over 12 months, using a semistructured approach. Thematic analysis was conducted with the findings, following the general inductive approach.Results21 hours of recorded interviews were analysed by SD, and ethical and professional issues were identified. These were discussed with SW, and sorted into seven broad categories. The participants’ accounts of the issues convey a strong ethical sensitivity, developed through their undergraduate training. A recurring challenge for them through their first 12–24 months of work as doctors is being responsible for the decisions, knowing that what they do can have life and death consequences. The participants frequently describe senior doctors as an important source of support, and the lack of such support as leading to moral distress and demoralisation. Another important factor is having opportunity to discuss and reflect on the decisions after they are made. Where such reflection had been facilitated properly, participants displayed considerable growth in their ability to manage ethical challenges.ConclusionSenior support and opportunities for reflection need to be recognised as key factors in enabling first and second year to respond appropriately to ethical challenges in end-of-life care, and in sustaining their well-being through this critical stage of their professional life.
Nutritional status and symptom burden in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: results of the dietetic assessment and intervention in lung cancer (DAIL) trial
Authors: Phillips Iain , Allan Lindsey , Hug Adele , Westran Naomi , Heinemann Claudia , Hewish Madeleine , Mehta Ajay , Saxby Helen , Ezhil Veni 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionEuropean Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism guidelines recommend that patients with cancer should be screened for malnutrition at diagnosis. The dietetic assessment and intervention in lung cancer study investigated the nutritional status of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the need for dietetic intervention.MethodsIn this observational cohort pilot study, patients with stage 3b and 4 NSCLC were assessed prior to starting first line systemic anticancer therapy (SACT) with a range of measurements and questionnaires. We report the outcomes related to the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment tool (PG-SGA),Results96 patients were consented between April 2017 and August 2019. The PG-SGA identified that 78% of patients required specialist nutritional advice; with 52% patients having a critical need for dietetic input and symptom management. Results were dominated by symptom scores. As a screening test, one or more symptoms or recent weight loss history had a sensitivity of 88% (95% CI 78.44% to 94.36%) and specificity of 95.24% (95% CI 76.18% to 99.88%) for need for dietetic intervention.ConclusionA large proportion of patients with NSCLC have a high symptom burden and are at risk of malnutrition prior to starting SACT and would benefit from dietetic review. It is imperative that oncologists and healthcare professionals discuss weight loss history and symptoms with lung cancer patients to correct nutritional deficiencies and resolve symptoms prior to starting treatment.
Uptake and efficacy of bilateral risk reducing surgery in unaffected female BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers
Authors: Marcinkute Ruta , Woodward Emma Roisin , Gandhi Ashu , Howell Sacha , Crosbie Emma J , Wissely Julie , Harvey James , Highton Lindsay , Murphy John , Holland Cathrine , Edmondson Richard , Clayton Richard , Barr Lester , Harkness Elaine F , Howell Anthony , Lalloo Fiona , Evans D Gareth 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundWomen testing positive for BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants have high lifetime risks of breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer. The effectiveness of risk reducing surgery (RRS) has been demonstrated in numerous previous studies. We evaluated long-term uptake, timing and effectiveness of risk reducing mastectomy (RRM) and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) in healthy BRCA1/2 carriers.MethodsWomen were prospectively followed up from positive genetic test (GT) result to censor date. χ² testing compared categorical variables; Cox regression model estimated HRs and 95% CI for BC/ovarian cancer cases associated with RRS, and impact on all-cause mortality; Kaplan-Meier curves estimated cumulative RRS uptake. The annual cancer incidence was estimated by women-years at risk.ResultsIn total, 887 women were included in this analysis. Mean follow-up was 6.26 years (range=0.01–24.3; total=4685.4 women-years). RRS was performed in 512 women, 73 before GT. Overall RRM uptake was 57.9% and RRSO uptake was 78.6%. The median time from GT to RRM was 18.4 months, and from GT to RRSO–10.0 months. Annual BC incidence in the study population was 1.28%. Relative BC risk reduction (RRM versus non-RRM) was 94%. Risk reduction of ovarian cancer (RRSO versus non-RRSO) was 100%.ConclusionOver a 24-year period, we observed an increasing number of women opting for RRS. We showed that the timing of RRS remains suboptimal, especially in women undergoing RRSO. Both RRM and RRSO showed a significant effect on relevant cancer risk reduction. However, there was no statistically significant RRSO protective effect on BC.
Insufficient respiratory hazard identification in the safety data sheets for cleaning and disinfection products used in healthcare organisations across England and Wales
Authors: Lee Sewon , Povey Andrew C , Seed Martin J , van Tongeren Martie 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundExposure to cleaning and disinfection products has been associated with respiratory disorders such as asthma in cleaning and healthcare workers. Safety data sheets (SDSs) provide information on hazardous chemicals that are present in products to help users with risk assessment and implement appropriate control measures. However, they have potential limitations in identifying respiratory hazards due to a lack of regulatory test methods for respiratory sensitisation and irritation of chemicals.MethodsSDSs were first used to identify chemicals on the database as respiratory sensitisers and irritants. A quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model and an asthmagen list established by the Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics (AOEC) were used to identify potential respiratory sensitisers and irritants (by the AOEC list only) in the cleaning and disinfection products.ResultsFrom a total of 459 cleaning and disinfection products used in healthcare organisations across England and Wales, 35 respiratory sensitisers not labelled as such on the SDS were identified by QSAR or AOEC. Only 2% of cleaning and disinfection products contained at least one respiratory sensitiser as identified by their SDSs; this was increased to 37.7% of products when the QSAR or the AOEC list was used.ConclusionsA significantly higher proportion of cleaning products contain respiratory hazardous chemicals, particularly respiratory sensitisers than would be expected from the information provided by SDSs alone. Cleaners and healthcare workers may, therefore, be insufficiently protected.
Coronary artery aneurysms: outcomes following medical, percutaneous interventional and surgical management
Authors: Khubber Shameer , Chana Rajdeep , Meenakshisundaram Chandramohan , Dhaliwal Kamal , Gad Mohomed , Kaur Manpreet , Banerjee Kinjal , Verma Beni Rai , Shekhar Shashank , Khan Muhummad Zia , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Khan Safi , Sammour Yasser , Tsutsui Rayji , Puri Rishi , Kalra Ankur , Bakaeen Faisal G , Simpfendorfer Conrad , Ellis Stephen , Johnston Douglas , Pettersson Gosta , Kapadia Samir 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundCoronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are increasingly diagnosed on coronary angiography; however, controversies persist regarding their optimal management. In the present study, we analysed the long-term outcomes of patients with CAAs following three different management strategies.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of patient records with documented CAA diagnosis between 2000 and 2005. Patients were divided into three groups: medical management versus percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We analysed the rate of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) over a period of 10 years.ResultsWe identified 458 patients with CAAs (mean age 78±10.5 years, 74.5% men) who received medical therapy (N=230) or underwent PCI (N=52) or CABG (N=176). The incidence of CAAs was 0.7% of the total catheterisation reports. The left anterior descending was the most common coronary artery involved (38%). The median follow-up time was 62 months. The total number of MACCE during follow-up was 155 (33.8%); 91 (39.6%) in the medical management group vs 46 (26.1%) in the CABG group vs 18 (34.6%) in the PCI group (p=0.02). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that CABG was associated with better MACCE-free survival (p log-rank=0.03) than medical management. These results were confirmed on univariate Cox regression, but not multivariate regression (OR 0.773 (0.526 to 1.136); p=0.19). Both Kaplan-Meier survival and regression analyses showed that dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and anticoagulation were not associated with significant improvement in MACCE rates.ConclusionOur analysis showed similar long-term MACCE risks in patients with CAA undergoing medical, percutaneous and surgical management. Further, DAPT and anticoagulation were not associated with significant benefits in terms of MACCE rates. These results should be interpreted with caution considering the small size and potential for selection bias and should be confirmed in large, randomised trials.
Gongs galore: phaleristic study of the relative risk of a healing art related New Year Honour
Authors: Mellor Katie , Powell Arfon G M T , James Osian P , Robinson David B , Hopkins Luke , Egan Richard John , Lewis Wyn G 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo compare proportional representation of healthcare specialty workers, in receipt of New Year Honours (NYHs) and examine system bias.DesignObservational study of UK honours system including comparative analysis of proportional representation of the UK medical workforce.ParticipantsRecipients of NYHs from 2010 to 2019.Main outcome measuresAbsolute risk of receiving an NYH, related to medical specialty, gender and geographical region. Relative risk (RR) of receiving an NYH for services to healthcare related to specialty.Results11 207 NYHs were bestowed, with 368 (3.3%) awarded to healthcare professionals: 212 (57.6%) women, 156 (42.4%) men. The RR of a healthcare professional receiving an NYH was 0.76 (95% CI 0.68 to 0.84, p&lt;0.001) when compared with the remaining UK workforce. Doctors received most NYHs (n=181), with public health, clinical oncology and general medicine specialties most likely to be rewarded (RR 20.35 (95% CI 9.61 to 43.08, p&lt;0.001), 8.43 (95% CI 2.70 to 26.30, p&lt;0.001) and 8.22 (95% CI 6.22 to 10.86, p&lt;0.001)), respectively; anaesthetists received fewest NYHs (RR 0.52 (95% CI 0.13 to 2.10), p=0.305). Men were more likely to receive NYHs than women (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.54; p&lt;0.001). Two hundred and fifty-four NYHs (69.0%) were bestowed on residents of England (60, 16.3% London), 49 (13.3%) Scotland (p=0.003), 39 (10.6%) Wales (p&lt;0.001) and 26 (7.1%) Northern-Ireland (p&lt;0.001).ConclusionsRelative risk of receiving an NYH varied over 150-fold by specialty, twofold by gender and threefold by geographical location. Public health physicians are perceived to be the pick of the parade.
Understanding the energy dependence of $$B_2$$ in heavy ion collisions: interplay of volume and space-momentum correlations
Authors: Gaebel Vincent , Bonne Michel , Reichert Tom , Burnic Ajdin , Hillmann Paula , Bleicher Marcus 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe deuteron coalescence parameter $$B_2$$

B
2

in proton+proton and nucleus+nucleus collisions in the energy range of $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$$

s

NN

=

900–7000 GeV for proton + proton and $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$$

s

NN

=

2–2760 GeV for nucleus + nucleus collisions is analyzed with the Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) transport model, supplemented by an event-by-event phase space coalescence model for deuteron and anti-deuteron production. The results are compared to data by the E866, E877, PHENIX, STAR and ALICE experiments. The $$B_2$$

B
2

values are calculated from the final spectra of protons and deuterons. At lower energies, $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}\le 20$$

s

NN

≤
20

GeV, $$B_2$$

B
2

drops drastically with increasing energy. The calculations confirm that this is due to the increasing freeze-out volume reflected in $$B_2\sim 1/V$$

B
2

∼
1
/
V

. At higher energies, $$\sqrt{s_{NN}}\ge 20$$

s

NN

≥
20

GeV, $$B_2$$

B
2

saturates at a constant level. This qualitative change and the vanishing of the volume suppression is shown to be due to the development of strong radial flow with increasing energy. The flow leads to strong space-momentum correlations which counteract the volume effect.
The Fair Division of Hereditary Set Systems
Authors: Li Z. , Vetta A. 
Published: February 2021

We consider the fair division of indivisible items using the maximin shares measure. Recent work on the topic has focused on extending results beyond the class of additive valuation functions. In this spirit, we study the case where the items form a hereditary set system. We present a simple algorithm that allocates each agent a bundle of items whose value is at least 0.3666 times the maximin share of the agent. This improves upon the current best known guarantee of 0.2 due to Ghodsi et al. The analysis of the algorithm is almost tight; we present an instance where the algorithm provides a guarantee of at most 0.3738. We also show that the algorithm can be implemented in polynomial time given a valuation oracle for each agent.
Automation in the unloading and loading process of hot rolled coil using workspace simulation software : A Review
Authors: Patil Kunal Abhay , Jaju Santosh , Achmare Babu 
Published: February 2021

<p>The aim of this paper is to confirm the importance of unloading and loading process of hot rolled coil and automation in manufacturing industry. This paper describes about the different systems which are used in various ISPAT industries for material handling purpose or lifting the heavy coils. There are six main systems which are used in industries for material handling purpose. After studying all these systems, we will propose one system which is more beneficial than other systems. Later in this paper we will also study the introductory part of the workspace simulation software, its features, benefits and applications. The objective of this project is to overcome the problems at industry by designing and simulating a robot arm to perform the task. By simulating, the process of unloading and loading of hot rolled coil can perform more effectively. Workspace LT is the software used in this project.</p>
Analysis of M42SP-7P on the Balinese Papyrus Script Printing Control System
Authors: Sudarma Made 
Published: February 2021

Script writing art in the lives of Balinese people has a very important function, particularly in terms of writing a sacred script such as writing an inscription on copper plate, bronze, silver, and gold, by using a penknife which required a persistence, patience, skill and experience by itself, since not all Balinese people is able to do this very complicated work. Considering the difficulty in writing a script on papyrus and the rarity of script writer experts, therefore the researcher gives appreciation on papyrus preservation and conservation. In the present time, sophisticated technology has replaced manual equipments which required a lot of manpower to be operated. Maybe also the inscription writing model with ancient language and writing has been done so many times with computer technology by using the printer as the interface for printing. In this research the Balinese script printing tools will be designed namely a penknife using robotic technology which mimicking human hand’s motion when writing a script on papyrus. Thought the script tool printer design through robotic technology in order to write a script on palm leaves is an important role of technology as an innovation strategy that is able to create new thinking, new ideas and inovation creative products. Eventually is also expected to satisfy the user as consumer and a new creative market.
Cadherin 2-Related Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ghidoni Alice , Elliott Perry M. , Syrris Petros , Calkins Hugh , James Cynthia A. , Judge Daniel P. , Murray Brittney , Barc Julien , Probst Vincent , Schott Jean Jacques , Song Jiang-Ping , Hauer Richard N.W. , Hoorntje Edgar T. , van Tintelen J. Peter , Schulze-Bahr Eric , Hamilton Robert M. , Mittal Kirti , Semsarian Christopher , Behr Elijah R. , Ackerman Michael J. , Basso Cristina , Parati Gianfranco , Gentilini Davide , Kotta Maria-Christina , Mayosi Bongani M. , Schwartz Peter J. , Crotti Lia 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited cardiac disease characterized by fibrofatty replacement of the right and left ventricle, often causing ventricular dysfunction and life-threatening arrhythmias. Variants in desmosomal genes account for up to 60% of cases. Our objective was to establish the prevalence and clinical features of ACM stemming from pathogenic variants in the nondesmosomal cadherin 2 (CDH2), a novel genetic substrate of ACM.

Methods:

A cohort of 500 unrelated patients with a definite diagnosis of ACM and no disease-causing variants in the main ACM genes was assembled. Genetic screening of
CDH2
was performed through next-generation or Sanger sequencing. Whenever possible, cascade screening was initiated in the families of
CDH2
-positive probands, and clinical evaluation was performed.

Results:

Genetic screening of
CDH2
led to the identification of 7 rare variants: 5, identified in 6 probands, were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. The previously established p.D407N pathogenic variant was detected in 2 additional probands. Probands and family members with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in
CDH2
were clinically evaluated, and along with previously published cases, altogether contributed to the identification of gene-specific features (13 cases from this cohort and 11 previously published, for a total of 9 probands and 15 family members). Ventricular arrhythmic events occurred in most
CDH2
-positive subjects (20/24, 83%), while the occurrence of heart failure was rare (2/24, 8.3%). Among probands, sustained ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death occurred in 5/9 (56%).

Conclusions:

In this worldwide cohort of previously genotype-negative ACM patients, the prevalence of probands with
CDH2
pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants was 1.2% (6/500). Our data show that this cohort of
CDH2
-ACM patients has a high incidence of ventricular arrhythmias, while evolution toward heart failure is rare.