bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of mangrove species associated with zonation in Lubuk Kertang Village and Pulau Sembilan, North Sumatra
Authors: Nawar M K , Basyuni M , Hanum C 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Research about the diversity of mangrove species associated with zonation in Lubuk Kertang Village and Pulau Sembilan, Langkat Regency, North Sumatera was conducted in March – April 2021. This study aims to determine the diversity of mangrove species based on zoning observations in Lubuk Kertang Village and Pulau Sembilan. The research was conducted using the exploration method. The observation zone for the diversity of mangrove species is divided into three zones, namely zone 1 in brackish or almost fresh waters behind the actual green mangroves, zone 2 along the river, brackish to almost fresh, and zone 3 on the part facing the sea. The results of the study were fifteen mangrove species with two different mangrove groups, namely four true mangrove species (Lumnitzera racemosa, L. littorea, Nypa fruticans, and Scyphyphora hydrophyllacea) and eleven associated mangrove species (A. auriculiformis, Barringtonia asiatica, Casuarina equestifolia, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Melastoma candidum, Morinda citrifolia, Pandanus odoratatissima, Pongamia. Pinnata, Sesuvium portulcastrum, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, and Terminalia catappa). Furthermore, the observations in zone 1 were dominated by mangrove association groups, namely A. auriculiformis, B. asiatica, C. equestifolia, H. tiliaceus, M. candidum, M. citrifolia, P. odoratatissima, P. pinnata, S. portulcastrum, S. jamaicensis, and T. catappa, in zone 2, namely L. littorea and L. racemosa and in zone 3, namely N. fruticans and S. hydrophyllacea, zones 2 and 3 are dominated by true mangrove groups. This shows that data on the diversity of mangrove species is very necessary to preserve mangrove species in Lubuk Kertang Village and Pulau Sembilan and the growing zone of mangrove species is natural zoning of mangrove forests.
Contact angle of modified fibrovascular bundle of salacca (Salacca sumatrana Becc.) frond by NaOH+Na2SO3 combination
Authors: Hakim L , Widyorini R , Nugroho W D , Prayitno T A , Lubis Y S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The fibrovascular bundle (FVB) of the salacca frond is one of the potential raw materials in the development of bio-composite technology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the wettability of FVB using the contact angle method after the alkali modification treatment. The method of this research was to use FVB frond of Salacca sumatrana Becc. which was treated with alkaline modification of the combination of NaOH+Na2SO3 at various concentrations. The results showed that the combination of NaOH 1M+Na2SO3 0.4 M had the smallest contact angle, which means that the FVB has a good wettability value compared to the control treatment. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the modification of NaOH+Na2SO3 can increase the wettability of FVB.
The Contribution of Gambir (Uncaria gambir roxb) Based Agroforestry System on Regional Development in Pakpak Bharat District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Bangun R H , Hakim L , Jayusman  
Published: December 2021

AbstractGambir (Uncaria GambirRoxb.) is one of the non-timber forest product commodities developed by Pakpak Bharat society has beneficial for the health and raw materials of the industry. This research aims to determine the contribution of gambir to the local economy, identifying the district production base of gambir commodities as well as characteristics of spreading gambir commodities to support the economic development of the Pakpak Bharat District. The study was using secondary data of time series from 2015 to 2019. Location Quotient (LQ) was used for localization and specialization analysis, as well as for basic service ratio (BSR) and regional multiplier (RM) analysis. The results showed that the region of the gambir commodity base based on the production indicator consists of Salak subdistrict, Sitellu Tali Urung Jehe sub-district, Pergetteng Getteng Sengkut sub-district, and Tinada sub-district. The gambir community forest is not concentrated in one region but is scattered in several sub-districts. Pakpak Bharat District also does not specialize in gambir community forest. Gambir commodities can support plantation activities and the regional economy in Pakpak Bharat District. The existence of the gambir community forest supports economic activity in the form of the multiplier effect generated for the sub-districts in Pakpak Bharat District. The multiplier effect is generated in the form of increasing community income and the absorption of manpower both in the plantation subsectors and other sectors.
The effect of information technology on coastal development in Asahan Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Syafiq M , Sirojuzilam  , Badaruddin  , Purwoko A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This research aims to examine the relationship between information technology and coastal development in Asahan Regency, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. Through this research, coastal community opinions were collected using structured questionnaires. A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was employed to test a hypothesized model constructed based on theories and previous studies. In addition, a new combination of existing indicators was used as a novelty of this research. The research result indicates that information technology has not significantly affected coastal development. Theoretical and practical implications of the research findings for policymakers are discussed.
Outbreaks of a new invasive pest, the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Herlinda S , Sinaga M E , Ihsan F , Fawwazi F , Suwandi S , Hasbi  , Irsan C , Suparman  , Muslim A , Hamidson H , Arsi  , Umayah A , Irmawati  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda is polyphagous besides attacking maize, it can attack other plant species from various families. Information about the attack and population of S. frugiperda in various maize production centers in Indonesia is still limited. This study aimed to find out the population and attack of S. frugiperda in South Sumatra. Surveys were carried out from the lowlands to the highlands of South Sumatra, such as Palembang City, Pagar Alam City, Lahat City, Ogan Ilir District, Prabumulih City, Muara Enim District, Banyuasin District. The mean percentage severity of S. frugiperda in South Sumatra reached 34.75%, and its percentage of mean incidence reached 78%. The highest larvae density was found in Pagaralam City with an average of 0.29 larvae/100 plants, while the lowest was found in Muara Enim District (0.08 larvae/100 plants). The population density of larvae began to occur at the age of 3 to 5 weeks, after that the larvae were not found in maize fields. We found that outbreaks of S. frugiperda have occured in the South Sumatra.
isolation of cellulose from agricultural waste using different treatments : A review
Authors: Yustira A , Harahap H , Nasution H , Pranata A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cellulose is one of the natural resources that are very abundant in nature. Cellulose is the main component in plant cell wall, so that abundant availability makes it potential to be used as a more valuable product. Cellulose can be obtained from agricultural wastes such as pea peels, rice straw, cucumber peels, eggplant stems, and coconut husks to produce cellulose. This cellulose has good biodegradability and biocompatibility so that it can be widely beneficial in the industrial sector. The product was obtained by a method developed for isolating cellulose by alkali treatment, acid hydrolysis, delignification process, and bleaching. The best cellulose from agricultural waste utilization is indicated by the crystallinity value in pea peels of 79% and yield of rice straw 90.28%, which is better than other agricultural wastes.
Morphology characteristics and length weight relationship of sucker barb fish (Barbichtyhys laevis Valenciennes 1842)
Authors: Desrita  , Rambey R , Saleh R , Susetya I E , Yusni E , Maiyah N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sucker barb fish is one of the potential of fish resources in Tasik river. This study aimed to determine the morphometric and meristic characteristics of the growth of sucker barb fish in the Tasik River. The method used in this study is a survey method using the fishing net and gillnet with mesh size 1,5 inches. The nets are placed in the afternoon, then lifted in the morning. This is done 3 times with a span of 2 weeks in the three research stations. The number of samples collected were 135 fish. The morphometric characteristics of sucker barb fish are bodyweight (BT) ranging from 9-85 g, total length (PT) ranging from 100-230 mm, standard length (PS) ranging from 75-176 mm, head length (PK) of 20-42 mm, snout length (PM) of 30 mm, the height of dorsal fin (TSP) of 40 mm, length of the base of dorsal fin (PPSP) of 15-30 mm, eye diameter (DM) of 10 mm, caudal peduncle (TBE) of 8-22 mm, body height (TB) of 17-40 mm, pectoral fin length (PSD) of 30 mm and pelvic fin length (PSP) of 25 mm. Meristic characteristics are the characteristics of counting the scales and fins of sucker barb fish. The number of scales in the lateral lines (LL) is 35-38, the body coiled scales (SMB) are 6, the scales around the pectoral fin (PF) P 10-14, anal fin (AF) A 8 and caudal fin (CF) C 18. The growth pattern of sucker barb fish in the Tasik River is allometric negative
Ex-situ conservation through selection and breeding: A Review On 15 Years Toona sinensis Roem. & Toona sureni Merr. base populations
Authors: Jayusman  , Fiani A , Pudjiono S , Hakim L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The ex-situ conservation of Toona sinensis and Toona sureni or surian weren’t supported list threatened species threat but by reduction of huge trees and leaving only small trees that are identical with the reduction of their genetic potential. Genetic potential plays a crucial role within the development of basic and breeding populations. The existence of the 15-year ex-situ conservation plot requires evaluation for simpler management to extend conservation value. The conservation area has collected genetic material from 52 populations from various islands in Indonesia and the progeny test area by testing 100 families from 10 selected populations because the basic source for assembling selected genetic material to supply superior seeds. Currently, genetic material from surian ex-situ conservation has been wont to develop genetic tests that are converted into seed orchards. Limitations of ex-situ conservation include maintenance of genetic material in artificial habitats, decreased genetic diversity, depression of close relative mating, adaptation to climate stress, and the potential for accumulation of weak alleles.it’s many constraints in terms of personnel, costs, and reliance on electrical power sources. supported the challenges within the future, efforts are needed to revamp through the unification of ex-situ conservation and progeny test management to support breeding population development. Strengthening the ex-situ conservation value of T. sinensis & T. sureni can be optimalization through solving all identified challenges and strengthening long-term management.
Cupcake from composite flour based on natural local resources (modified breadfruit, purple sweet potato, mocaf, saga seed)
Authors: Oktriandi E , Nurminah M , Lubis Z 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cupcakes is a kind of bakery that consist wheat flour, sugar,butter,and egg. We made cupcakes from composite flour that based on Indonesian local resources. A factorial completely randomized design, cupcakes using formulations of 4 flour, consist one factor (P: comparison composite flour consist: modified bread flour : purple sweet potato flour : mocaf : saga seed flour): P1 (50% : 30% : 20% : 0%); P2 (45% : 35% : 15% : 5%); P3 (40% : 40% : 10% : 10%); P4 (35% : 45% : 5% : 15%); P5 (100% modified breadfruit flour); P6 (100% purple sweet potato flour); P7 (100% mocaf); P8 (100% wheat flour). The research showed that the mixture of 4 flour P1 (50%: 30%: 20%: 0%) produced the best quality cupcakes
Assessment of heavy metal accumulation in tissues of keperas (Cyclocheilichthys apogon Val. 1842) in Lake Lau Kawar, North Sumatra
Authors: Wahyudi  , Barus T A , Ilyas S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Lake Lau Kawar is one of the exposed areas in North Sumatra by the volcanic ash originating from Mount Sinabung eruption. The lake has been utilized as a tourism site and fish resources for consumption by the local community. Keperas (Cyclocheilichthys apogon Val. 1842) is one of the native fish commonly caught by the community. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of selected heavy metals such as copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) accumulated by C. apogon and the ones present in the lake water. The results showed that Zn present in the highest concentration followed by Cu and Pb as similar to the results from bioconcentration factor (BCF). All heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) exhibited their highest concentrations in the gills, while the muscles possessed the lowest concentrations of all metals. Risk assessment based on the national and internasional standard revealed that the concentration of these metals was relatively low and safe for consumption.
Deconstruction of the ultimum remedium basic concept on protection and management tropical biodiversity
Authors: Dewi D K , Syahrin A , Suhaidi  , Ekaputra M , Putra T A D 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The biological potential in Indonesia is no longer managed and protected. So far Indonesia has had biologically related laws and regulations, but its implementation is still weak and less effective. Therefore, Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management or called UUPPLH mentioned the management and protection of biodiversity based UUPPLH namely two principles in law of criminal provision, the principle of remedium ultimum which is an effort, and the principle of premium remedium that takes care of the law. So far many mistakes in interpreting the application of the principle of remedium ultimum which is said to make it difficult for law enforcement to enforce environmental criminal laws and can shackle law enforcements in carrying out task of environmental law enforcement. In addition, it is also said that the principle of remedium ultimum can also harm the environment due to violations of waste water quality standards, emissions, and disturbances that take precedence is the administration of administrative sanctions, meaning that there is no deterrent effect on perpetrators. Therefore, it is necessary to deconstruct the principle of remedium ultimum in the proper enforcement of environmental criminal law including structuring and enforcement (compliance) which can also be a view of criminal law that can be used as an instrument in the framework of protection and management of tropical biodiversity, especially the environment and can bring consequences for the intertwining of criminal law with administrative law. The results of the research are based on UUPPLH that can protect biodiversity by Indonesia and reconstruct the principle of ultimum remedium in environmental law. Research methods using normative legal research on philosophical.
Application of analytical hierarchy process in implementation of community forest management permit work plan
Authors: Sitanggang R F , Rahmawaty  , Zaitunah A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Community Forest Utilization Business Permit (CFUBP), is a permit granted to utilize forest resources in forest areas whose main use is intended to empower local communities. This study aims to analyze the priority level of the implementation of the Annual Work Plan (AWP) for CF management in Bina Mangrove Forest Farmers Group (FFG), Sentang Village, Teluk Mengkudu District, Serdang Bedagai District. The research was conducted from January to March 2021 using primary and secondary data. The method used is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) using expert choice software tools. The data collection method is Focus Group Discussion (FGD). From the results of seeding with AHP, the priority for implementing the Annual Work Plan (AWP) for CF management in the Bina Mangrove FFG is the forest utilization criteria with a value of 0.54. The criteria for forest protection or security, development of local wisdom, monitoring and evaluation are next with the same value of 0.14. The criteria for marking the boundaries of the working area or zoning are in the last order with a value of 0.04. The value of inconsistency is 0.08.
Particleboard from kemenyan wood and belangke bamboo: effect of particle pre-treatment in acidic solution
Authors: Iswanto A H , Tanfiz R , Hartono R , Oktaviani F , Putra A R , Sucipto T , Hakim L , Azhar I , Manurung H , Darwis A , Samsuri  , Zaitunah A , Arinah H , Susilowati A , Elfiati D , Rangkuti A B , Syahputra O K H , Harahap M M , Ulfa M , Rambey R 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDimensional stability is a significant problem in particleboard. This study aims to analyze the effect of immersing particles in an acid solution on particleboard’s physical and mechanical properties made of kemenyan (Styrax sumatrana) wood and belangke (Gigantochloa pruriens) bamboo. The particles were immersed in each acid solution for 24 h, and then dried to reach 9% water content. The particleboard was made with a 25x25 cm2 with a target thickness and density of 1 cm and 0.70 g/cm3, respectively. After being made into sheets, the next step is hot pressing using a hot press machine that has set the temperature, time, and pressure at 160 °C, 5 min, and 30 kg/cm2, respectively. The results showed that immersion in the acid solution can stabilize the dimensions of the resulting particleboard but does not reduce the strength of the board. Several board properties have met the standards, such as density, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture, and internal bond.
Local wisdom of communities around the forest and its implementation in the development of nature tourism on outer ring road of Lake Toba
Authors: Purwoko A , Patana P , Putra R I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Nature tourism can also act as one of the drivers of regional development and can be a window for efforts to introduce the potential of natural resources, values and culture owned by a country or a region. Therefore, the development of natural tourism is required to be able to mix forms of natural tourism that are attractive but unique and cover all aspects of locality in it. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential of local wisdom owned by the community around the forest and the implementation of local wisdom in the development of natural tourism along the outer ring of Lake Toba on the Merek Section. This research method is a form of descriptive qualitative research with information and data from various representative sources. The results of the study indicate that existing local wisdom includes wisdom that is tangible (textual, buildings, and objects of cultural heritage) and intangible (advice delivered orally and is passed down from generation to generation, and chanting or poetry that has traditional teaching values). These wise values are found in various sources such as the traditional house of the Karo Tribe in the Dokan Cultural Village, the Penusur Sira Ritual and the Joroh Joroh tourist attraction. The forms of implementation of local wisdom in the development of nature tourism include the application of an attitude of togetherness (mutual cooperation), kinship, courtesy, hospitality, concern for others, harmony with nature, problem solving system, active work, obedient to people and leaders, educational culture, conservation culture, concern for the environment, and values related to a culture of healthy living in the management of nature tourism.
Vegetation density analysis using normalized difference vegetation index in East Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Zaitunah A , Samsuri  , Marbun Y M H , Susilowati A , Elfiati D , Syahputra O K H , Arinah H , Rangkuti A B , Rambey R , Harahap M M , Ulfa M , Iswanto A H , Sucipto T , Hakim L , Azhar I , Manurung H 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEast Jakarta, which is included in the DKI Jakarta Province, continues to grow in population. As a result, the demand for settlement land increases. The presence of plants is critical for environmental equilibrium. The purpose of this study was to determine the vegetation density and its variations in East Jakarta year 2020. The method used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis and classification. In 2020, the highest NDVI value in East Jakarta was 0.1–0.2, covering 7,952.64 ha (43.07 %) of the entire area, while the lowest value was >0.6, covering 0.06 ha of the total area. The highest vegetation density class in East Jakarta was low dense class, accounting for 7,951.26 ha (43.06 percent) of the whole area, while the lowest density class was under high dense class accounted for 1,116.41 ha (6.04 percent) of the total area. In terms of green open space, there were a city park, a cemetery, a green lane on a road, and a river bank. The municipal park was classified as dense, while the rest were classified as medium dense. The presence of trees within the green space has aided in the area’s vegetation density. It also refers to the role of open green space in enhancing the community’s life and environment’s quality. The importance of educating and guiding the surrounding community about the benefits of vegetation or green open space, then replanting less vegetated land, as well as an integrated land use planning and implementation.The first section in your paper
Spatial model of human-sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) conflict vulnerability in Besitang, Indonesia
Authors: Sulistiyono N , Maulana M I , Pramuja I , Patana P , Purwoko A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sumatran orangutan is one of the key species of wildlife that live in the Besitang forest landscape. Conflicts between sumatran orangutans and humans often occur along with the narrowing of sumatran orangutan habitat. The importance of knowing the distribution of locations at risk of human-wildlife conflict is expected to be used as a reference in efforts to mitigate the occurrence of human-wildlife conflict. This study aimed to get information about the vulnerability distribution of human-sumatran orangutan conflict (HSOC) based on influenced factors in Besitang. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method is used to select and weight the factors that are thought to influence the distribution of HSOC. Overlay analysis of the factors influencing HSOC distribution is done using Geographic Information System (GIS). The results of the study showed that the vulnerability of HSOC could be divided into three classes namely, the highly vulnerable areas of conflict are 35,282.16 ha (21.66), medium vulnerable areas are 55,662.57 ha (34.17%) and not vulnerable areas are 71,960.85 ha (44.17%). This research will be helpful as an early warning system in HSOC mitigation efforts.