bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Politik Negara atas Agama
Authors: Azhari Subhi 
Published: February 2021

Abstrak
Diskriminasi adalah fakta yang masih menjadi permasalahan serius di Indonesia. Baik pada ranah politik, hukum maupun sosial. Diskriminasi masih terus terjadi meskipun berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk mengatasinya mulai dari penguatan perangkat hukum, advokasi hingga pendidikan di masyarakat. Hal ini melahirkan dugaan kuat bahwa diskriminasi sulit hilang karena telah mengakar dalam sistem dan budaya hukum kita. Dengan pendekatan sejarah dan hukum, kajian ini memaparkan berbagai produk hukum mulai dari konstitusi negara, Undang-undang hingga peraturan-peraturan hukum yang paling rendah, menyangkut kehidupan beragama sejak masa Hindia Belanda, proklamasi kemerdekaan hingga era reformasi sekarang ini. Berbagai produk hukum tersebut akan dipaparkan secara kronologis untuk mencari keterkaitan satu sama lain sehingga terbangun peta pemikiran yang komprehensif mengenai kebijakan diskriminatif yang masih terjadi saat ini. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa diskriminasi ternyata memiliki latar historis, di mana munculnya berbagai kebijakan diskriminatif negara terhadap kelompok-kelompok minoritas agama di Indonesia adalah buah dari politik kolonial yang masih bertahan hingga kini.
Abstract
Discrimination has still become a serious problem in Indonesia. Discrimination continues to occur in some aspects such as in the political, legal and social levels despite various efforts have been made to overcome it by strengthening the legal norms, advocacy and education in the community. This problem has triggered a strong presumption that it has been entrenched in our legal system and culture. By historical and law approach, the study investiagates some regulations regarding religious life since colonial era to the recent reformation era, including Constitution, laws and policies in the lower level. Those regulations will be elaborated in chronoliga order to find out some correlations among each other, so that we have a comprehensive map of thinking about the discriminatory policies that still occurs today. This study reveals that discrimination has a historical root to the colonial politics that remain influencial to the state policies in the present situation.
PENGELOLAAN INTERAKSI KUALITAS PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN DIRI ANAK DALAM KONTEKS MINAT BELAJAR
Authors: Mau Belinda , Christi Areyne 
Published: February 2021

Abstract: In this era of globalization, teachers are very dominant in self-actualizing to educate the nation in facing the challenges and competition in the world, so that they are required to improve their professionalism in dealing with any existing problems. Solutions to answer the problems faced by teachers arise in the following questions: Who is the teacher? What is the role of the teacher both as a teacher and in relation to their students? How to manage the quality of the teaching and learning process on children's self-development in the context of interest in learning? The answers are: (1) a teacher is a professional educator who educates, teaches a science, guides, trains, provides assessments, and evaluates students. (2) the role of the teacher to work holistically. The teacher not only carries out his duties as a teacher, but becomes an example and a companion to his students. (3) the teacher must be able to manage the class very well so that in every learning process, children can be interested and respond when a teacher delivers a material. Abstrak: Dalam era globalisasi ini guru sangatlah dominan di dalam mengaktualisasi diri untuk mencerdaskan bangsa dalam menghadapi tantangan dan persaingan dunia, sehingga dituntut untuk meningkatkan profesionalnya dalam menangani setiap masalah yang ada. Solusi untuk menjawab persoalan-persoalan yang di hadapi oleh guru muncul dalam pertanyaan sebagai berikut: Siapakah guru itu? Apakah peranan guru baik sebagai guru dan berhubungan dengan anak didiknya? Bagaimanakah mengelola kualitas proses belajar mengajar terhadap pengembangan diri anak dalam konteks minat belajar? Jawabnya adalah: (1) guru adalah seorang tenaga pendidik profesional yang mendidik, mengajarkan suatu ilmu, membimbing, melatih, memberikan penilaian, serta melakukan evaluasi kepada peserta didik. (2) peranan guru bekerja secara holistik. Guru tidak saja menjalankan tugasnya sebagai seorang pengajar, tetapi menjadi teladan dan teman bergaul bagi para muridnya. (3) guru harus dapat mengelola kelas dengan sangat baik sehingga dalam setiap proses pembelajaran, anak dapat tertarik dan meresponi ketika seorang guru menyampaikan sebuah materi.
Model Teologi Gereja di Abad XXI: Studi Arah Pengembangan menuju Globalisasi
Authors: GP Harianto 
Published: February 2021

The model (shape, style, paradigm or style) is the most important part of seeing a development, especially the theological church. Theology here is not only interpreted as "knowledge (cognitive) about God" but also changes in the affective and psychomotor of the church towards the knowledge of God. The Church is responsible for laying the cognitive foundation of God and making changes within himself and having the skills to worship and carry out His will. In this context the term "Church Theological Model" appears. The author conducts research based on models of church theology which began from the time of the fathers of the Church to the Church of the XX century. From there it can then be arranged in the direction of development towards globalization which reaches in the direction of the models of Church theology in the Indonesian Churches. Model (bentuk, corak, paradigm atau gaya) merupakan bagian terpenting dalam melihat sebuah perkembangan, khususnya gereja berteologi. Teologi di sini bukan saja diartikan sebagai “pengetahuan (kognitif) tentang Tuhan” tetapi juga perubahan afektif dan psikomotoris gereja terhadap pengetahuan akan Tuhan tersebut. Gereja bertanggungjawab untuk meletakan dasar kognitif akan Tuhan dan melakukan perubahan di dalam diri serta mempunyai keterampilan menyembah dan melaksanakan kehendak-Nya. Dalam konteks ini muncul istilah “Model Teologi Gereja”. Penulis melakukan penelitian berdasarkan model-model teologi gereja yang dimulai sejak masa bapa-bapa Gereja hingga Gereja masa abad XX. Dari situ kemudian bisa tersusun arah pengembangan menuju globalisasi yang mencapai pada hasil arah model-model teologi Gereja di Gereja-gereja Indonesia.
Makna Iman dalam Perjanjian Baru
Authors: Kristian Alvin Budiman 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study aims to explain or explain about the meaning of faith in the New Testament starting from understanding, the meaning of faith in the New Testament, to the application of New Testament figures to be applied in everyday life. the terms faith and trust in the Bible often contain the following components of meaning: Believe and accept that something is true, rely on or entrust yourself, be faithful, and be obedient. Keywords: Faith, Believe, New Testament AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan atau menjabarkan tentang seputar makna iman dalam Perjanjian Baru mulai dari pengertian, makna iman dalam Perjanjian Baru, hingga aplikasi dari tokoh Perjanjian Baru untuk diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. istilah iman dan percaya dalam Alkitab sering mengadung komponen-komponen makna sebagai berikut: Percaya dan menerima bahwa sesuatu itu benar, mengandalkan atau mempercayakan diri, setia, dan taat. Kata Kunci: Iman, Kepercayaan, Perjanjian Baru
YESUS SEBAGAI MODEL GEMBALA SEJATI DAN RELASINYA TERHADAP GEMBALA SEBAGAI PENDIDIK
Authors: Puspito Indro 
Published: February 2021

The need for quality leaders who are expected to be able to shepherd believers is enormous. This urgent need dates back to the very real work of the Holy Spirit in Acts. The problem that arises is: What is the meaning of the person of the Shepherd? How is the pastor's job as an educator who teaches the church? How is Jesus as a Model of the True Shepherd and his relationship to the Shepherd as an Educator? The answer: (1) The pastor of the church is someone whose job is to care for, care for, feed and who has a relationship with the people he serves. (2) The pastor's duties as education that teaches the church are: to feed, care for, and lead. (3) The image of Jesus as a model of the shepherd is used as a means of material for the teaching and learning process both for himself as an educator and for his congregation so that both the educator and the congregation can change according to the characteristics of the true shepherd, Jesus Christ. AbstrakKebutuhan akan pemimpin yang berkualitas dan diharapkan mampu menggembalakan orang-orang percaya, begitu besar. Kebutuhan yang mendesak ini sudah dimulai sejak pekerjaan Roh Kudus yang begitu nyata dalam Kisah Para Rasul. Persoalannya yang timbul adalah: Apakah yang dimaksud dengan pribadi Gembala? Bagaimanakah tugas gembala sebagai pendidik yang mengajar jemaat? Bagaimanakah Yesus sebagai Model Gembala Sejati dan relasinya terhadap Gembala sebagai Pendidik? Jawabnya: (1) Kepribadian Gembala jemaat adalah seseorang yang pekerjaannya menjaga, memelihara, memberi makan dan yang memiliki hubungan dengan orang-orang yang dilayaninya. (2) Tugas gembala sebagai pendidikan yang mengajar jemaat adalah: memberi makan, memelihara, dan memimpin. (3) Gambaran Yesus sebagai model gembala digunakan sebagai sarana materi proses belajar mengajar baik terhadap dirinya sebagai pendidik mapun terhadap jemaatnya agar baik pendidik maupun jemaat terjadi perubahan sesuai dengan karakteristik gembala sejati adalah Yesus Kristus.
Strains of Attachment: John Bowlby's Theory and William Faulkner's Pylon
Authors: Wainwright Michael 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEmploying Bowlby's attachment theory, this article traces the prescience of Faulkner's Pylon. In March 1935, Faulkner's novel—a tale of a barnstorming pilot, his wife, and their parentally deprived son—appears in print. That same year, Bowlby reads Ian Suttie's The Origins of Love and Hate, whose approach to psychological maturation offers a Darwinian alternative to Freud's doctrine of drives. Bowlby develops this alternative perspective into attachment theory. Like Bowlby, Faulkner at once distances himself from Freudianism and appreciates Darwinism, with Bowlbian concepts aiding the exploration of Faulkner's psychosocial insights in Pylon and the novel reciprocating in illuminating those concepts.
The semantics of prenominal possessives in Russian
Authors: Gepner Maria 
Published: February 2021

Traditionally Russian prenominal possessives are classified as possessive adjectives (Isačenko 1960; Townsend 1980). In more recent work by Babyonyshev (1997) it is claimed that prenominal possessives are functional elements that are hosted outside nominal phrase, which means that they cannot be adjectives. This claim is based on the ability of possessives to fill an agent argument of event nominals. In this paper I will provide evidence that syntactically prenominal possessives do behave like adjectives. I will propose a semantic analysis that will account for the peculiar properties that prenominal possessives have.
Investigación formativa: una propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza de la investigación en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, Managua
Authors: Carballo Palma Anielka Patricia 
Published: February 2021

La evaluación de la Educación Superior se mide a través de diferentes criterios. Entre estos se encuentra la investigación, la cual permite que la función social de la universidad se cumpla: garantizar la producción científica en pro del desarrollo de la sociedad. A partir de esto último, surge la necesidad de incluir la investigación como eje transversal en la formación de nuevos profesionales. Junto a esto, se ve la necesidad de incorporar estrategias que permitan a los docentes mejorar la enseñanza de la investigación en los estudiantes de grado. Algunas estrategias están integradas en el concepto de investigación formativa. La propuesta que se presenta en este artículo tiene como fundamento la formación de la investigación desde el aula de clase.
<htm> A 72 years of temporal analysis through geometric morphometrics detects phenotypic variation in populations of <i>Triatoma infestans </i> (Klug, 1834)</htm>
Authors: Paschoaletto e outros Letícia 
Published: February 2021

<htm> A 72 years of temporal analysis through geometric morphometrics detects phenotypic variation in populations of <i>Triatoma infestans </i>(Klug, 1834)</htm>
<htm>Importância da polinização biótica na produtividade de <i>Fragaria × ananassa</i> (Duchesne ex Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier ‘Aromas’ e a diversidade e abundância de abelhas em áreas de cultivo convencional e orgânico </htm>
Authors: Barbosa & Afonso I. Orth José Felinto 
Published: February 2021

<htm>Importância da polinização biótica na produtividade de <i>Fragaria × ananassa</i> (Duchesne ex Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier ‘Aromas’ e a diversidade e abundância de abelhas em áreas de cultivo convencional e orgânico </htm>
From the Opening Sequence ofCitizen Kaneto the Final Shot ofThe Birds: A Filmic Microanalysis of Three Painted Scenes
Authors: Vidal Dario Lanza 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article aims to highlight the importance of matte painting in cinematographic construction and to emphasize the analytical value of these pieces of artwork. To this end, three painted scenes were chosen and subjected to a multifaceted analysis that underlines their contribution as pictorial creations, their role in landscape painting tradition, and their function as an element of filmmaking construction, within a set film model, while providing evidence for the unique ways in which this technique connects film and painting.
Luís Carlos Patraquim: pulsões de desejos e afetos
Authors: Leal Luciana Brandão 
Published: February 2021

Este artigo propõe uma leitura da obra poética de Luís Carlos Patraquim, importante poeta moçambicano que produz desde o período pós-independência (após 1975) à contemporaneidade. Serão abordados “trânsitos” literários propostos por esse poeta, além dos temas do “amor” e do “erotismo” que são perceptíveis em sua lírica. Luís Carlos Patraquim rasura a dicção da poesia ideológica proposta por seus antecessores, recriando uma especial forma de “barroquismo estético”, que evidencia sua “poética dos afetos”, e revoluciona o cenário da moderna poesia moçambicana dos séculos XX e XXI.
Palavras-chave: Luís Carlos Patraquim, amor, erotismo, poética dos afetos, poesia moçambicana, trânsitos.
Vers une compréhension des formes de l’itinérance vécue chez les femmes autochtones au Canada
Authors: Cunningham Julie 
Published: February 2021

L’accroissement marqué de l’itinérance vécue par les autochtones, en particulier des femmes, est une réalité qui a intéressé de nombreux chercheurs et chercheuses au cours des dix dernières années. Certains travaux produits dans la foulée argumentent qu’indépendamment des similarités de premier niveau pouvant être identifiées entre les réalités autochtones et allochtones, les catégorisations proposées pour décrire les formes d’itinérance dans la société prise dans son ensemble ne permettent ni de considérer les perspectives autochtones relatives au « foyer », ni de comprendre les causes profondes de la surreprésentation des Autochtones dans les rues des villes canadiennes. Appuyées sur des concepts et des logiques dépourvus de sens en contexte autochtone, les mesures de lutte contre l’itinérance proposées par les gouvernements ratent couramment la cible. Sur la base de l’exploration d’un récit de vie colligé dans le cadre de sa recherche doctorale, l’auteure propose d’examiner ces considérations afin d’en démontrer l’importance en contexte québécois.
L’homme derrière la bure
Authors: Dubois Paul-André 
Published: February 2021

Ce texte propose une nouvelle lecture des origines et de la vie d’un missionnaire canadien ayant principalement exercé son ministère à Détroit sous le Régime français. À partir d’éléments biographiques déjà connus, auxquels se joignent d’autres données factuelles nouvellement découvertes, le phénomène du métissage franco-amérindien, jadis promu par les autorités coloniales, est à nouveau abordé à travers cet exemple concret.
Marginalisation et résurgence des Kanaka Maoli
Authors: Duhaime Gérard 
Published: February 2021

Cette note de recherche propose d’identifier des éléments-clés de la situation sociale des Kanaka Maoli, les autochtones de Hawai’i. Elle est le fruit d’un séjour de quatre mois au cours duquel furent réalisés un repérage et une recension de travaux récents, des entretiens, de l’observation et de nombreuses discussions avec des collègues. L’auteur met en évidence la marginalisation autochtone et certains de ses mécanismes et racines historiques, et il relate de remarquables accomplissements réalisés au cours des récentes décennies comme démonstration de la légitimité et de l’efficacité du savoir vernaculaire, et sa projection dans le monde contemporain. Il suggère enfin que la résurgence comporte des atouts pour renverser la marginalité non seulement des Kanaka, mais des peuples autochtones.
En quoi le territoire ancestral peut-il inspirer l’aménagement contemporain des
communautés innues ?
Authors: André-Lescop Gaëlle 
Published: February 2021

À une époque où les membres des Premières Nations vivent la majeure partie de
l’année dans des réserves et en milieux urbains, les communautés autochtones
cherchent à intégrer des repères culturels et identitaires à leurs aménagements. Ce
texte explore les thèmes de la représentation du territoire, de l’identité innue,
ainsi que de l’organisation spatiale des campements. La recherche a fait appel à une
dizaine de répondants innus et aux relevés de vingt-six campements. Comment le
territoire ancestral, dans les façons dont les Innus se le représentent et
l’habitent, peut-il inspirer l’aménagement des communautés innues ? Malgré une
transition de la tente au chalet, plusieurs traits identitaires persistent dans la
manière d’occuper et de vivre le territoire. Symbole d’idéal pour plusieurs, le
territoire demeure intimement lié à la pratique des activités de chasse et de pêche.
L’auteure identifie enfin ce que différentes manières de s’établir sur le
territoire, d’hier à aujourd’hui, peuvent révéler sur les modes de vie innus
contemporains et sur des pistes visant à « donner forme » à des aménagements
culturellement adaptés.
Workforce Education
Authors: Bonvillian William B. , Sarma Sanjay E. 
Published: February 2021

A roadmap for how we can rebuild America's working class by transforming workforce education and training.
The American dream promised that if you worked hard, you could move up, with well-paying working-class jobs providing a gateway to an ever-growing middle class. Today, however, we have increasing inequality, not economic convergence. Technological advances are putting quality jobs out of reach for workers who lack the proper skills and training. In Workforce Education, William Bonvillian and Sanjay Sarma offer a roadmap for rebuilding America's working class. They argue that we need to train more workers more quickly, and they describe innovative methods of workforce education that are being developed across the country.
It's not just that we need a pipeline of skilled workers for future jobs; we need to give workers the skills they need now. Focusing on manufacturing, healthcare, and retail sectors, Bonvillian and Sarma investigate programs that reimagine workforce education, from short intensive courses that offer certification to a new model for apprenticeships. They examine the roles of community colleges, employers, governments, and universities in workforce education, and describe new education technologies that can deliver training to workers. We can't tackle inequality unless we equip our workers for twenty-first-century jobs.
Increased precipitation enhances soil respiration in a semi-arid grassland on the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Wang Yutao , Xie Yingzhong , Rapson Gillian , Ma Hongbin , Jing Le , Zhang Yi , Zhang Juan , Li Jianping 
Published: February 2021

Background
Precipitation influences the vulnerability of grassland ecosystems, especially upland grasslands, and soil respiration is critical for carbon cycling in arid grassland ecosystems which typically experience more droughty conditions.

Methods
We used three precipitation treatments to understand the effect of precipitation on soil respiration of a typical arid steppe in the Loess Plateau in north-western China. Precipitation was captured and relocated to simulate precipitation rates of 50%, 100%, and 150% of ambient precipitation.

Results and Discussion
Soil moisture was influenced by all precipitation treatments. Shoot biomass was greater, though non-significantly, as precipitation increased. However, both increase and decrease of precipitation significantly reduced root biomass. There was a positive linear relationship between soil moisture and soil respiration in the study area during the summer (July and August), when most precipitation fell. Soil moisture, soil root biomass, pH, and fungal diversity were predictors of soil respiration based on partial least squares regression, and soil moisture was the best of these.

Conclusion
Our study highlights the importance of increased precipitation on soil respiration in drylands. Precipitation changes can cause significant alterations in soil properties, microbial fungi, and root biomass, and any surplus or transpired moisture is fed back into the climate, thereby affecting the rate of soil respiration in the future.
Undiagnosed cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals: a low income country experience
Authors: Vallejo-Valdivieso Patricio Alfredo , Zambrano-Pincay Graciela , Ortiz Alberto 
Published: February 2021

Background
Overweight and obesity are associated with diabetes, hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there is scarce information from lower income countries about undiagnosed obesity-associated conditions. This information is necessary for healthcare planning and for assessment of Global Burden of Disease.

Methods
We assessed the prevalence of obesity-associated conditions in 656 overweight (n = 360) and obese (n = 296) adults from inner-city Portoviejo (Ecuador), in descriptive field research, based on an opportunistic and selective sampling strategy.

Results
Of 316 men and 340 women, 73% met criteria for prehypertension (27%) or hypertension (46%), 50% met criteria for prediabetes (30%) or diabetes (20%), 11% had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 consistent with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 5.5% had pathological albuminuria for a total CKD prevalence of 16%. Age-related prevalence data were generated. In all participants, serum total cholesterol and triglycerides were >200 and >150 mg/dl, respectively. Hyperuricemia and microhematuria (<2%) were uncommon. Women were more likely to have low eGFR (18 vs 5%, p 0.000). Diabetes and pathological albuminuria prevalence were higher in obese than in overweight participants (15 vs 12%, p 0.018; and 8 vs 4%, p 0.0199, respectively).

Discussion
In conclusion, undiagnosed hypertension, diabetes and CKD were more common than expected in overweight and obese persons from Ecuador. Detection rates exceeded official estimates of prevalene of these conditions. Screening the overweight/obese for these conditions, especially at the age ranges at higher risk, may be cost-effective to identify a high number of persons who may benefit from early inexpensive intervention.