bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ZIF‐67 Derived Hollow Co9S8 as an Efficient Polysulfides Prohibitor for High Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Jin Lina , Huang Bingbing , Qian Xinye 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs) have received great attention due to their large energy density and specific capacity. Unfortunately, the poor cycle stability due to the shuttle effect of soluble polysulfides seriously impedes the application of LSBs. In order to solve this problem, we report the synthesis of ZIF‐67 derived hollow Co9S8 which is coated on the commercial separator for LSBs through a self‐template strategy. The hollow structure Co9S8 can capture a large amount of polysulfides during cycling, and the polar Co9S8 can chemically adsorb and catalyze the reaction intermediate, greatly reducing the migration of polysulfides. As a result, the hollow Co9S8 modified separator exhibits good rate performance and remains a capacity of 540.5 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 0.5 C as the sulfur area density of 3.0 mg cm−2. Even when the sulfur area density is increased to 5.0 mg cm−2, the battery using hollow Co9S8 modified separator still exhibits good cycle property.
Effectiveness of mobile health interventions to improve nasal corticosteroid adherence in allergic rhinitis: A systematic review
Authors: Baxter Mats Stage , Tibble Holly , Bush Andrew , Sheikh Aziz , Schwarze Jürgen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMobile health interventions (MHI) offer the potential to help improve nasal corticosteroid (NCS) adherence in allergic rhinitis (AR). The aim of this systematic review was to summarise the current evidence on the effectiveness of MHI for improving NCS adherence in AR.MethodsWe systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for randomised controlled trials filtered for publication dates between 2010 and 2021. We evaluated the effects of MHI aiming to improve NCS adherence on self‐management outcomes in AR and comorbid conditions. Two reviewers independently screened potential studies, extracted study characteristics and outcomes from eligible papers and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0. High heterogeneity precluded meta‐analysis. Data were descriptively and narratively synthesised.ResultsOur searches identified 776 individual studies of which 4 met the inclusion criteria. These studies were heterogeneous with respect to participant, intervention and outcome characteristics. We considered all outcome‐specific overall risk of bias assessments to be of high risk of bias except for two studies examining NCS adherence which received ‘some concern’ grades. The three studies which reported on NCS adherence found that MHI were associated with improvement in NCS adherence. Significant MHI‐associated improvement in symptoms or disease‐specific quality of life was found in one study each, whilst no study reported significant differences in nasal patency.ConclusionsWhilst MHI showed potential to improve NCS adherence, their effect on clinical outcomes varied. Furthermore, robust studies with longer intervention durations are needed to adequately assess effects of MHI and their individual features on NCS adherence and clinical outcomes.
Molecular analysis of 10 pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas reveals potential prognostic markers and druggable targets
Authors: Chelsky Zachary L. , Paulson Vera A. , Chen Eleanor Y. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (PRMS) is a rare and aggressive adult sarcoma with a median overall survival of less than 2 years. Most PRMS do not respond to conventional chemotherapy and/or radiation, and targeted therapies are nonexistent as few PRMS have undergone the molecular characterization necessary to identify therapeutic options. To date, complex structural and few recurrent regional copy alterations have been reported in the PRMS cases evaluated by cytogenetic and comparative genomic hybridization. Thus, there remains an urgent need for more comprehensive molecular profiling to both understand disease pathogenesis and to identify potentially actionable targets. Ten PRMS resection cases were retrieved from institutional archives and clinicopathologic demographics were recorded. All tumors were subjected to DNA‐based targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS) of 340 cancer‐related genes while a subset (six cases) underwent gene‐expression profiling of 770 genes. Alterations identified by NGS included genes involved in cell cycle regulation (90%), the RAS/MAPK and AKT pathways (80%), telomere maintenance (40%), chromatin remodeling (40%), and DNA repair (20%), as well as the cAMP‐signaling pathway (10%). Microsatellite instability was absent in all cases, and tumor mutational burden was predominantly low. Gene expression profiling revealed up‐regulation of many of the same pathways, including the RTK/MAPK, AKT/PIK3CA/mTOR, Wnt, Hedgehog and JAK/STAT pathways. Survival analysis demonstrated patients with concurrent biallelic inactivation of CDKN2A and TP53 showed significantly shorter overall survival (median: 2 vs. 50 months). Our integrated molecular characterization identified not only potentially targetable alterations, but also prognostic markers for stratification of PRMS patients.
Left parietal involvement in motion sickness susceptibility revealed by multimodal magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Sakai Hiroyuki , Harada Takumi , Larroque Stephen K. , Demertzi Athena , Sugawara Tomoko , Ito Taeko , Wada Yoshiro , Fukunaga Masaki , Sadato Norihiro , Laureys Steven 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSusceptibility to motion sickness varies greatly across individuals. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this susceptibility remain largely unclear. To address this gap, the current study aimed to identify the neural correlates of motion sickness susceptibility using multimodal MRI. First, we compared resting‐state functional connectivity between healthy individuals who were highly susceptible to motion sickness (N = 36) and age/sex‐matched controls who showed low susceptibility (N = 36). Seed‐based analysis revealed between‐group differences in functional connectivity of core vestibular regions in the left posterior Sylvian fissure. A data‐driven approach using intrinsic connectivity contrast found greater network centrality of the left intraparietal sulcus in high‐ rather than in low‐susceptible individuals. Moreover, exploratory structural connectivity analysis uncovered an association between motion sickness susceptibility and white matter integrity in the left inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus. Taken together, our data indicate left parietal involvement in motion sickness susceptibility.
Predicting Liver‐Related Outcomes in People With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Prognostic Value of Noninvasive Fibrosis Tests
Authors: Johnson Amy L. , Hayward Kelly L. , Patel Preya , Horsfall Leigh U. , Cheah Alvin Ee Zhiun , Irvine Katharine M. , Russell Anthony W. , Stuart Katherine A. , Williams Sue , Hartel Gunter , Valery Patricia C. , Powell Elizabeth E. 
Published: November 2021

It remains unclear whether screening for advanced fibrosis in the community can identify the subgroup of people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) at higher risk for development of liver‐related complications. We aimed to determine the prognostic value of baseline noninvasive fibrosis tests for predicting liver‐related outcomes and mortality in patients with NAFLD from type 2 diabetes (T2D) clinics or primary care. Patients (n = 243) who were screened for NAFLD with advanced fibrosis by using NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), fibrosis 4 score (FIB‐4), enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) test, and liver stiffness measurements (LSMs) were followed up for clinical outcomes by review of electronic medical records. During a median follow‐up of 50 months, decompensated liver disease or primary liver cancer occurred in 6 of 35 (17.1%) patients with baseline LSM > 13 kPa, 1 of 17 (5.9%) patients with LSM 9.5‐13 kPa, and in no patients with LSM < 9.5 kPa. No patient with low‐risk NFS developed liver decompensation or liver‐related mortality. Following repeat NFSs at the end of follow‐up, all patients with a liver‐related complication were in the high‐risk NFS category. Patients who developed liver‐related complications were also more likely to have baseline high‐risk FIB‐4 scores or ELF test ≥9.8 compared to patients who did not develop liver outcomes. Conclusion: Liver fibrosis risk stratification in non‐hepatology settings can identify the subset of patients at risk of liver‐related complications. Although the rate of development of a decompensation event or hepatocellular carcinoma was low (2.1% per year) in our patients with compensated cirrhosis (LSM > 13 kPa), these events are projected to lead to a substantial increase in NAFLD‐related disease burden over the next decade due to the high prevalence of NAFLD in people with obesity and T2D.
A terrifying sound stress inhibits hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult male mice
Authors: Li Zhaoxin , Zhao Zixuan , Nan Zhuhui , Duan Jingwen , Zhang Siyuan , Zhang Zhichao , Huang Chen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStress impairs hippocampal neurogenesis. The traditional animal model of stress contains a mixture of physical and psychological stress factors. This leads to difficulty in the evaluation of the effect of pure psychological stress on neurogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effect of pure psychological stress on hippocampal neurogenesis. The pure psychological stress model and the mixed stress model were carried out by terrifying sound and restraint, respectively. The open field test showed that restraint treatment improved the general locomotor activity levels, while terrifying sound treatment had opposite effects. Compared with a normal condition, both terrifying sound stimulation and restraint treatment significantly decreased the number of BrdU and Ki‐67 and reduced the positive rate of SOX2/GFAP in the hippocampus. These phenomena indicated that pure psychological stress could decrease the number of neural stem cells and inhibit cell proliferation in the hippocampus of a mouse. Furthermore, compared with the restraint treatment, the neurotransmitters including norepinephrine (NE), 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), and gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) had not been affected drastically by terrifying sound stimulation. Our results suggest that the terrifying sound stimulation can be considered as a novel and effective pure psychological stress animal model for the further research on the hippocampus.
Connecting soil characteristics to edge‐of‐field water quality in Ohio
Authors: Osterholz William R. , Schwab Elizabeth R. , Duncan Emily W. , Smith Douglas R. , King Kevin W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSoil health and water quality improvement are major goals of sustainable agricultural management systems, yet the connections between soil health and water quality impacts remain unclear. In this study we conducted an initial exploratory assessment of the relationships between soil chemical, physical, and biological properties and edge‐of‐field water quality across a network of 40 fields in Ohio, USA. Discharge, dissolved reactive P (DRP), total P (TP), and nitrate (NO3) losses associated with precipitation events via surface runoff and tile drainage were monitored. Agronomic soil tests and a suite of soil health indicators were measured, then predictive relationships between the field average soil properties and tile drainage and surface runoff discharge and DRP, TP, and nitrate loads were explored with random forest and multiple linear regression approaches. Among the soil health indicators, water extractable C and N were consistently found to be positively related to tile nitrate loads, but other soil health indicators had little or inconsistent importance for water quality impacts. Several other soil properties were important predictors, particularly soil P pools for surface and tile DRP and TP losses as well as Mehlich‐3 (M3) extractable Fe and Al for surface and tile discharge. Thus, we did not observe strong evidence that soil health was associated with improved edge‐of‐field water quality across the edge‐of‐field monitoring network. However, additional studies are needed to definitively test the relationships between a broader array of soil health metrics and water quality outcomes.
International expert consensus on precision anatomy for minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy: PAM‐HBP surgery project
Authors: Nagakawa Yuichi , Nakata Kohei , Nishino Hitoe , Ohtsuka Takao , Ban Daisuke , Asbun Horacio J. , Boggi Ugo , He Jin , Kendrick Michael L. , Palanivelu Chinnusamy , Liu Rong , Wang Shin‐E , Tang Chung‐Ngai , Takaori Kyoichi , Abu Hilal Mohammed , Goh Brian K. P. , Honda Goro , Jang Jin‐Young , Kang Chang Moo , Kooby David A. , Nakamura Yoshiharu , Shrikhande Shailesh V. , Wolfgang Christopher L. , Yiengpruksawan Anusak , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Watanabe Yusuke , Kozono Shingo , Ciria Ruben , Berardi Giammauro , Garbarino Giovanni Maria , Higuchi Ryota , Ikenaga Naoki , Ishikawa Yoshiya , Maekawa Aya , Murase Yoshiki , Zimmitti Giuseppe , Kunzler Filipe , Wang Zi‐Zheng , Sakuma Leon , Takishita Chie , Osakabe Hiroaki , Endo Itaru , Tanaka Masao , Yamaue Hiroki , Tanabe Minoru , Wakabayashi Go , Tsuchida Akihiko , Nakamura Masafumi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe anatomical structure around the pancreatic head is very complex and it is important to understand its precise anatomy and corresponding anatomical approach to safely perform minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD). This consensus statement aimed to develop recommendations for elucidating the anatomy and surgical approaches to MIPD.MethodsStudies identified via a comprehensive literature search were classified using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network method. Delphi voting was conducted after experts had drafted recommendations, with a goal of obtaining >75% consensus. Experts discussed the revised recommendations with the validation committee and an international audience of 384 attendees. Finalized recommendations were made after a second round of online Delphi voting.ResultsThree clinical questions were addressed, providing six recommendations. All recommendations reached at least a consensus of 75%. Preoperatively evaluating the presence of anatomical variations and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and superior mesenteric vein (SMV) branching patterns was recommended. Moreover, it was recommended to fully understand the anatomical approach to SMA and intraoperatively confirm the SMA course based on each anatomical landmark before initiating dissection.ConclusionsMIPD experts suggest that surgical trainees perform resection based on precise anatomical landmarks for safe and reliable MIPD.
Effects of COVID‐19 on a CMOS fabrication course: An integrated design experience
Authors: Paik Seung‐Joon , Frazier A. Bruno 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the CMOS fabrication course described herein, the lecture component provides the theoretical background for semiconductor materials and integrated circuit fabrication processes. The laboratory component provides the hands‐on experience required to fabricate and electrically characterize CMOS circuits in a one‐semester format. A strong semiconductor device process design thread is achieved in the course by integrating the laboratory experience and process simulation/modeling and theoretical calculations. The risks associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic have forced significant course modifications. The lecture is switched to a remote learning format, including pre‐recorded content and weekly advanced Q&A sessions. The laboratory provides both in‐person and remote sessions. Approved social distancing and cleaning protocols are practiced in the facility for in‐person learning. Complementary remote learning resources are made available to all the students such as pre‐recorded laboratory instructions, live video‐based laboratory sessions, and web‐based supplementary information. Compared to pre‐pandemic semesters, the average students' GPA of the pandemic period has increased, attributed to larger and archived volumes of instructional material. Overall student comments related to course changes necessitated by the pandemic are mixed with both positive and negative feedback.
Cell transplantation and secretome based approaches in spinal cord injury regenerative medicine
Authors: Assunção Silva Rita C. , Pinto Luísa , Salgado António J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe axonal growth‐restrictive character of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) makes finding a therapeutic strategy a very demanding task, due to the postinjury events impeditive to spontaneous axonal outgrowth and regeneration. Considering SCI pathophysiology complexity, it has been suggested that an effective therapy should tackle all the SCI‐related aspects and provide sensory and motor improvement to SCI patients. Thus, the current aim of any therapeutic approach for SCI relies in providing neuroprotection and support neuroregeneration. Acknowledging the current SCI treatment paradigm, cell transplantation is one of the most explored approaches for SCI with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) being in the forefront of many of these. Studies showing the beneficial effects of MSC transplantation after SCI have been proposing a paracrine action of these cells on the injured tissues, through the secretion of protective and trophic factors, rather than attributing it to the action of cells itself. This manuscript provides detailed information on the most recent data regarding the neuroregenerative effect of the secretome of MSCs as a cell‐free based therapy for SCI. The main challenge of any strategy proposed for SCI treatment relies in obtaining robust preclinical evidence from in vitro and in vivo models, before moving to the clinics, so we have specifically focused on the available vertebrate and mammal models of SCI currently used in research and how can SCI field benefit from them.
A concurrent X and Kdual‐bandlow noise amplifier for a radar detection system
Authors: Park Jeong‐Hun , Lee Moon‐Que 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article presents a concurrent X‐ and K‐bands low noise amplifier (LNA) for a radar detection system. A dual‐band matching and direct current bias circuitry were configured using surface‐mount device lumped capacitors and distributed transmission lines for the compact size. The designed LNA has dual‐pass band operation and a notch between the X‐ and K‐bands. The proposed LNA was implemented in hybrid integrated circuit technique on the microwave substrate. The measurement has showed the gains of 18.6 and 22.4 dB and noise figures of 3.29 and 1.67 dB at 10.525 and 24.1 GHz, respectively.
Assessment of attractancy and safeness of (E)‐coniferyl alcohol for management of female adults of Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)
Authors: Liu Huan , Wang Dan‐Dan , Wan Lin , Hu Zhao‐Yang , He Ting‐Ting , Wang Jun‐Bo , Deng Shu‐Zhen , Wang Xin‐Shuai 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDBactrocera dorsalis is a devastating pest on fruits and vegetables because the adult female is the key factor that determines the population density of offspring and the degree of host damage. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of effective female attractants for behavioral control. Males of B. dorsalis fed on methyl eugenol (ME) were shown to be more sexually attracted to females and, therefore, were more successful in mating over ME‐deprived males.RESULTSIn the current study, we demonstrated that (E)‐coniferyl alcohol (E‐CF), one of the ME metabolites in males, was highly attractive to sexually‐mature females in laboratory bioassays. During the dusk courtship period, mature females showed the highest response to E‐CF. However, there were no significant differences in olfactory responses to E‐CF between virgin and mated mature females. Moreover, no obvious signs and symptoms of toxicity or death were observed in mice during a 14‐day acute oral toxicity test. Toxicologically, no significant changes were observed in body weight, water intake, food consumption and absolute and relative organ weights between control and treated groups of healthy‐looking mice, implying that E‐CF could be regarded as non‐toxic. Furthermore, cytotoxicity assessment revealed that E‐CF was non‐toxic against human fetal lung fibroblast 1 (HFL1), human breast cancer (MDA‐MB‐231), mouse embryonic hepatocytes (BNL‐CL.2) and Spodoptera frugiperda ovary (SF‐9) cell lines.CONCLUSIONSE‐CF proved to be an effective, promising and eco‐friendly lure to B. dorsalis females. Therefore, this study may facilitate the development of novel control strategies against B. dorsalis in the field.
Diverse forests are cool: Promoting diverse forests to mitigate carbon emissions and climate change
Authors: Beugnon Rémy , Ladouceur Emma , Sünnemann Marie , Cesarz Simone , Eisenhauer Nico 
Published: November 2021

AbstractClimate change is one of the most pressing threats to humanity, inducing a global increase in temperatures and more frequent extreme climatic events. Considering this, global reforestation initiatives are proposed to capture carbon and mitigate climate change. Global restoration and reforestation programs and their targets have inspired both unparalleled enthusiasm worldwide and intense scientific criticism and debate regarding their feasibility and implementation. We agree that global reforestation forecasting and efforts require a nuanced discussion and approach. In that vein, we would like to emphasize the potential of increasing existing forest diversity to enhance climate change mitigation by increasing aboveground and belowground carbon storage. Moreover, we argue that focusing on planting diverse forests in reforestation efforts can help to reduce climate change effects on ecosystems: first, by increasing resistance and resilience to extreme climatic events, and second, by buffering microclimatic conditions in natural and urban areas. Diversifying forests plantations and reforestation projects may not always be feasible and cannot solve the climate crisis by itself. However, we highlight that a focus on diverse forests could maximize the benefits of reforestation programs by promoting sustainable land management.