bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
СONTENT BASES OF A LEARNER CENTERED APPROACH IN DISTANCE LEARNING OF ARTS STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY
Authors: Горбачева Диана Александровна , Костенко Елизавета Владимировна 
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматриваются содержательные основы личностно ориентированного подхода в дистанционном обучении студентов художественных специальностей в процессе обучения в вузе. В 2020 году весь мир столкнулся с неожиданной для всех ситуацией - пандемией COVID-19, в связи с чем все учебные заведения в РФ были переведены на дистанционное обучение. Следовательно, перед всем миром встал вопрос эффективной организации дистанционного образования. На основе анализа научной литературы по педагогике, психологии, изучения практического опыта дистанционного обучения творческим дисциплинам нами были сформулированы цели личностно ориентированного обучения, а также представлены основные его проблемы. В статье рассматривались методы и принципы профессионального обучения студентов художественных специальностей с применением информационных технологий на примере студентов - будущих художников монументальной живописи исходя из целей личностно ориентированного обучения в рамках дистанционного обучения. В технологиях дистанционного обучения заложен личностно ориентированный потенциал, который реализуется в формировании самостоятельности, ответственности, информационной культуры студента, если преподаватель грамотно подбирает технологии, учитывая личные особенности, опыт, уровень актуального и ближайшего развития студента.
The article discusses the content bases of a learner centered approach in distance learning of Arts university students. In 2020, the whole world faced the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, all educational institutions in the Russian Federation were transferred to distance learning. The whole world had to deal with the issue of effective organization of distance education. Basing on the analysis of scientific works on pedagogy, psychology, studying the practical experience of distance learning in creative disciplines, the authors have posed the goals of a learner centered education, as well as identified the main problems. The article considers the methods and principles of teaching Arts students on the example of future muralists, basing on the goals of learner centered approach in the framework of distance learning. Distance learning technologies have a learner centered potential, which is implemented in the formation of independence, responsibility, and information culture of the student, if the lecturer competently selects technologies, taking into account personal characteristics, experience, and the level of current and immediate development of the student.
DEVELOPMENT OF PRACTICAL REASON AS THE PURPOSE OF EXTRACURRICULAR EDUCATION OF CHILDREN
Authors: Петрова Мария Петровна 
Published: January 2021

На основе идей российского теоретика педагогики А. Асмолова автор подходит к необходимости исследования системы дополнительного образования детей как к механизму формирования практического разума в трех направлениях: овладение умениями и навыками технического мышления; овладение межкультурными компетенциями; раскрытие креативного мышления, творческих способностей детей. Анализируя процесс образования как механизма воспроизводства и преемственности поколений посредством соответствующих историческому периоду способов передачи информации, автор заключает, что в советской, а затем и российской системе сложилось весьма неудачное определение уровней и видов образования: дошкольное, дополнительное, послевузовское и т. д. Определение данных уровней исходит из организационного критерия - школоцентрированного и вузоцентрированного отношения к образовательному процессу. По мнению автора, следовало бы исходить из понимания непрерывности образования в течение всей жизни и ведущих достижений человека на различных его этапах. Дополнительное образование детей строится на принципе неформализации образования [5], что раскрывает новые возможности в условиях расшколивания, усиления внимания к практическим компетенциям, различным видам умений и навыков.
Basing on the ideas of A. Asmolov, the Russian theorist of pedagogy, the author approaches the study of the system of extracurricular education of children as a mechanism for the development of practical reason in three directions: mastering the skills of technical thinking; mastering the intercultural competences; developing creative thinking and creative abilities at children. Analyzing the process of education as a mechanism of reproduction and succession of generations by means of relevant information transfer methods, the author concludes that in the Soviet, then in the Russian system, there has been a rather lame determination of the levels and types of education: preschool, additional, postgraduate, etc. The determination of these levels is based on the organizational criterion: school-centered and university-centered approach to the educational process. According to the author, one should proceed from an understanding of the continuity of a person’s education and achievements of at various stages throughout his or her life. Extracurricular education of children is based on the principle of nonformalization of education [5], which opens up new opportunities in the context of training, paying more attention to practical competences, cultivating various skills.
Langage non sexiste et antiféminisme en Allemagne
Authors: Hergenhan Jutta , Ecochard Adèle , Durand Mathilde 
Published: January 2021

Depuis le début de l’année 2018, le langage non sexiste constitue l’une des principales polémiques qui ébranlent l’opinion publique en Allemagne. Outre les arguments linguistiques, cette polémique comporte de nombreuses références aux discours antiféministes et « antigenre ». Il semblerait donc que les débats sur le langage non sexiste soient bien plus étroitement liés qu’il n’y paraît aux débats actuels sur les politiques d’égalité des sexes. Notre analyse d’une sélection des principales prises de position contre le langage non sexiste, publiées principalement dans la presse écrite libérale et conservatrice, souligne la nécessité d’approfondir davantage les liens entre ces discours et l’antiféminisme actuel.
Le genre de la nation et le x de la question
Authors: Paz Diego , Pelúcio Larissa , Borba Rodrigo 
Published: January 2021

Cet article vise à analyser le contexte de guérilla linguistique autour du genre dans le Brésil contemporain. Deux phénomènes nous intéressent : d’une part, l’utilisation du titre de presidenta par Dilma Rousseff, une stratégie de féminisation d’un terme et d’une position politique historiquement masculine ; puis l’utilisation de la lettre x comme terminaison de genre neutre, une stratégie de rupture du système linguistique hétérocispatriarcal et binaire du portugais qui est devenu visible dans l’espace public ces dernières années. Ces phénomènes nous permettent d’entrevoir que « le x de la question », dans le cas du Brésil, n’est que l’expression d’une panique morale vis-à-vis de la puissance politique du concept de genre.
Génie, héros ou saint : remarques sur la « grandeur » selon Péguy
Authors: de Vitry Alexandre 
Published: January 2021

Nous examinons successivement différentes formes de la « grandeur » chez Péguy, en prêtant d’abord attention aux contradictions de l’idée de « génie », entre individualisme et inscription collective, puis en mettant l’accent sur la continuité de l’héroïsme et de la sainteté, tous deux orientés vers la cité et le « temporel ». Nous présentons ensuite quelques aspects de la christologie de Péguy, qui permettent de comprendre la façon paradoxale dont se fonde la sainteté, et concluons par la figure du « chroniqueur », pièce modeste mais nécessaire pour que toute « grandeur » puisse se communiquer, et peut-être le moyen pour Péguy de résoudre les apories qu’il rencontrait dans la figure du « génie ».
Les SCOP d’architecture : un modèle de coopération ?
Authors: Delaunay Fanny , Gourvennec Estelle 
Published: January 2021

Dans le champ de la fabrique urbaine, la récurrence de l’emploi des termes « collaboration », « coopération » ou encore « participation » atteste d’une nouvelle injonction de modèles en « co ». Renvoyant à l’idée de faire en commun, leur déclinaison concrète reste floue. Cet article propose d’apporter un point d’éclairage sur un segment d’agences d’architecture ayant fait le choix d’exercer sous le modèle coopératif. L’analyse des idéaux propres à la structuration en SCOP et les scènes qui expriment leur spécificité révélera ce qu’engage la « collaboration » dans vie d’une agence.
Validation of a Commercially Available Markerless Motion-Capture System for Trunk and Lower Extremity Kinematics During a Jump-Landing Assessment
Authors: Mauntel Timothy C. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Pietrosimone Brian , Marshall Stephen W. , Hackney Anthony C. , Padua Darin A. 
Published: January 2021

Context
Field-based, portable motion-capture systems can be used to help identify individuals at greater risk of lower extremity injury. Microsoft Kinect-based markerless motion-capture systems meet these requirements; however, until recently, these systems were generally not automated, required substantial data postprocessing, and were not commercially available.

Objective
To validate the kinematic measures of a commercially available markerless motion-capture system.

Design
Descriptive laboratory study.

Setting
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 20 healthy, physically active university students (10 males, 10 females; age = 20.50 ± 2.78 years, height = 170.36 ± 9.82 cm, mass = 68.38 ± 10.07 kg, body mass index = 23.50 ± 2.40 kg/m2).

Intervention(s)
Participants completed 5 jump-landing trials. Kinematic data were simultaneously recorded using Kinect-based markerless and stereophotogrammetric motion-capture systems.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Sagittal- and frontal-plane trunk, hip-joint, and knee-joint angles were identified at initial ground contact of the jump landing (IC), for the maximum joint angle during the landing phase of the initial landing (MAX), and for the joint-angle displacement from IC to MAX (DSP). Outliers were removed, and data were averaged across trials. We used intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs [2,1]) to assess intersystem reliability and the paired-samples t test to examine mean differences (α ≤ .05).

Results
Agreement existed between the systems (ICC range = −1.52 to 0.96; ICC average = 0.58), with 75.00% (n = 24/32) of the measures being validated (P ≤ .05). Agreement was better for sagittal- (ICC average = 0.84) than frontal- (ICC average = 0.35) plane measures. Agreement was best for MAX (ICC average = 0.77) compared with IC (ICC average = 0.56) and DSP (ICC average = 0.41) measures. Pairwise comparisons identified differences for 18.75% (6/32) of the measures. Fewer differences were observed for sagittal- (0.00%; 0/15) than for frontal- (35.29%; 6/17) plane measures. Between-systems differences were equivalent for MAX (18.18%; 2/11), DSP (18.18%; 2/11), and IC (20.00%; 2/10) measures. The markerless system underestimated sagittal-plane measures (86.67%; 13/15) and overestimated frontal-plane measures (76.47%; 13/17). No trends were observed for overestimating or underestimating IC, MAX, or DSP measures.

Conclusions
Moderate agreement existed between markerless and stereophotogrammetric motion-capture systems. Better agreement existed for larger (eg, sagittal-plane, MAX) than for smaller (eg, frontal-plane, IC) joint angles. The DSP angles had the worst agreement. Markerless motion-capture systems may help clinicians identify individuals at greater risk of lower extremity injury.
Gait Biomechanics in Individuals Meeting Sufficient Quadriceps Strength Cutoffs After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Pietrosimone Brian , Davis-Wilson Hope C. , Seeley Matthew K. , Johnston Christopher , Spang Jeffrey T. , Creighton R. Alexander , Kamath Ganesh M. , Blackburn J. Troy 
Published: January 2021

Context
Quadriceps weakness is associated with disability and aberrant gait biomechanics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Strength-sufficiency cutoff scores, which normalize quadriceps strength to the mass of an individual, can predict who will report better function after ACLR. However, whether gait biomechanics differ between individuals who meet a strength-sufficiency cutoff (strong) and those who do not (weak) remains unknown.

Objective
To determine whether vertical ground reaction force, knee-flexion angle, and internal knee-extension moment differ throughout the stance phase of walking between individuals with strong and those with weak quadriceps after ACLR.

Design
Case-control study.

Setting
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Individuals who underwent unilateral ACLR &gt;12 months before testing were dichotomized into strong (n = 31) and weak (n = 116) groups.

Main Outcome Measures
Maximal isometric quadriceps strength was measured at 90° of knee flexion using an isokinetic dynamometer and normalized to body mass. Individuals who demonstrated maximal isometric quadriceps strength ≥3.0 N·m·kg−1 were considered strong. Three-dimensional gait biomechanics were collected at a self-selected walking speed. Biomechanical data were time normalized to 100% of stance phase. Vertical ground reaction force was normalized to body weight (BW), and knee-extension moment was normalized to BW × height. Pairwise comparison functions were calculated for each outcome to identify between-groups differences for each percentile of stance.

Results
Vertical ground reaction force was greater in the weak group for the first 22% of stance (peak mean difference [MD] = 6.2% BW) and less in the weak group between 36% and 43% of stance (MD = 1.4% BW). Knee-flexion angle was greater (ie, more flexion) in the strong group between 6% and 52% of stance (MD = 2.3°) and smaller (ie, less flexion) between 68% and 79% of stance (MD = 1.0°). Knee-extension moment was greater in the strong group between 7% and 62% of stance (MD = 0.007 BW × height).

Conclusions
Individuals with ACLR who generated knee-extension torque ≥3.0 N·m·kg−1 exhibited different biomechanical gait profiles than those who could not. More strength may allow for better energy attenuation after ACLR.
Where have the others gone? Impact of lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic on patient populations undergoing Computed Tomography imaging in a public tertiary care hospital in India
Authors: Kawthalkar Ameya Shirish , Somani Shradha Dilip , Bhalde Rucha Prafulla 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Context: As a response to the CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, India announced a nation-wide lockdown effective from March 25, 2020. Recent media reports and published studies from Western countries indicate a decrease in patients presenting to hospitals with stroke, acute coronary syndromes, and other emergencies. Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the lockdown on the number of patients undergoing Computed Tomography (CT) in a public tertiary care hospital in India, and thus indirectly assess the effect of the lockdown on medical conditions other than COVID-19. Settings and Design: Retrospective observational study. Materials and Methods: Analysis of the CT reports from the hospital’s PACS for the first three months of lockdown was performed and compared with those of the month prior to the imposition of the lockdown. Statistical Analysis Used: Frequency tables and percentages were calculated. Results: There was a 70% decrease in the number of total CTs in the first three months of lockdown compared to the month prior to lockdown. There was a decrease in CTs performed for various conditions such as tuberculosis follow up (decreased by 98%), brain infarcts, nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage (decreased by 40%), and baseline CTs for neoplasms (decreased by 73%). CTs for trauma also decreased by 64% with a decrease in patients involved in road traffic accidents undergoing CT. Conclusion: Our study highlights the impact of the lockdown on medical conditions other than COVID-19 in India, with a substantial decrease in the number of patients undergoing CTs for a variety of conditions.
Radiographic findings in COVID-19: Comparison between AI and radiologist
Authors: Sukhija Arsh , Mahajan Mangal , Joshi Priscilla C , Dsouza John , Seth Nagesh DN , Patil Karamchand H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Context: As the burden of COVID-19 enhances, the need of a fast and reliable screening method is imperative. Chest radiographs plays a pivotal role in rapidly triaging the patients. Unfortunately, in low-resource settings, there is a scarcity of trained radiologists. Aim: This study evaluates and compares the performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) system with a radiologist in detecting chest radiograph findings due to COVID-19. Subjects and Methods: The test set consisted of 457 CXR images of patients with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia over a period of three months. The radiographs were evaluated by a radiologist with experience of more than 13 years and by the AI system (NeuraCovid, a web application that pairs with the AI model COVID-NET). Performance of AI system and the radiologist were compared by calculating the sensitivity, specificity and generating a receiver operating characteristic curve. RT-PCR test results were used as the gold standard. Results: The radiologist obtained a sensitivity and specificity of 44.1% and 92.5%, respectively, whereas the AI had a sensitivity and specificity of 41.6% and 60%, respectively. The area under curve for correctly classifying CXR images as COVID-19 pneumonia was 0.48 for the AI system and 0.68 for the radiologist. The radiologist’s prediction was found to be superior to that of the AI with a P VALUE of 0.005. Conclusion: The specificity and sensitivity of detecting lung involvement in COVID-19, by the radiologist, was found to be superior to that by the AI system.
The value of AI based CT severity scoring system in triage of patients with Covid-19 pneumonia as regards oxygen requirement and place of admission
Authors: Kohli Anirudh , Jha Tanya , Pazhayattil Amal Babu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractContext: CT scan is a quick and effective method to triage patients in the Covid-19 pandemic to prevent the heathcare facilities from getting overwhelmed. Aims: To find whether an initial HRCT chest can help triage patient by determining their oxygen requirement, place of treatment, laboratory parameters and risk of mortality and to compare 3 CT scoring systems (0-20, 0-25 and percentage of involved lung models) to find if one is a better predictor of prognosis than the other. Settings and Design: This was a prospective observational study conducted at a Tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, Patients undergoing CT scan were included by complete enumeration method. Methods and Material: Data collected included demographics, days from swab positivity to CT scan, comorbidities, place of treatment, laboratory parameters, oxygen requirement and mortality. We divided the patients into mild, moderate and severe based on 3 criteria - 20 point CT score (OS1), 25 point CT score (OS2) and opacity percentage (OP). CT scans were analysed using CT pneumonia analysis prototype software (Siemens Healthcare version 2.5.2, Erlangen, Germany). Statistical Analysis: ROC curve and Youden’s index were used to determine cut off points. Multinomial logistic regression used to study the relations with oxygen requirement and place of admission. Hosmer-Lemeshow test was done to test the goodness of fit of our models. Results: A total of 740 patients were included in our study. All the 3 scoring systems showed a significant positive correlation with oxygen requirement, place of admission and death. Based on ROC analysis a score of 4 for OS1, 9 for OS2 and 12.7% for OP was determined as the cut off for oxygen requirement. Conclusions: CT severity scoring using an automated deep learning software programme is a boon for determining oxygen requirement and triage. As the score increases, the chances of requirement of higher oxygen and intubation increase. All the three scoring systems are predictive of oxygen requirement.
Effectiveness on knowledge about computer vision syndrome among medical coding trainee in medical coding training institute in urban Chennai, Tamil Nadu – A cross- sectional study
Authors: Mohan Kumar Buvnesh K. , Thiruvalluvan Gopinath T. , Arjunan Mithun K. 
Published: January 2021

Context:
Electronic devices, laptops, tablets, ipad and smart phones are an integral part of one's life both in work and personal space. Excessive usage of these devices had led to health-related problems of which computer vision syndrome (CVS) is at risk of becoming a major public health issue.

Aims:
Our study aimed to assess the pre-test and post-test level of knowledge regarding CVS among the medical coding trainees and also to determine the effectiveness (Video Teaching Programme) of knowledge about the CVS among them.

Methods and Material:
After obtaining ethical committee clearance using universal sampling method 480 medical coding trainees working in a firm was included in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to interview and a video teaching programme was given between the pre and post-test sessions for about 45 minutes regarding the effects of Computer Vision Syndrome.

Results:
The level of knowledge about CVS among medical coding trainees in the pre-test and post-test was 280 (58.3%) and 8 (1.7%) had inadequate knowledge, respectively. With regards to adequate level of knowledge 24 (3%) and 328 (68.3%) had in pre-test and post-test phase, respectively. The comparison of knowledge shows a very good improvement among the medical coding trainees which was significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The study highlights health education as an important factor in increasing the knowledge. From a primary care point of view, knowledge regarding CVS helps in differentiating and addressing the ocular symptoms, headache and shoulder pain symptoms of other aetiology if history is elicited properly.
“Silent sufferers
Authors: Rawat Shalini , Bhate Kamaxi , Yadav Ashwini 
Published: January 2021

Introduction:
Domestic violence against women is one of the most pervasive abuses of human rights in the world. Violence during pregnancy leads to both acute injuries and profound long-term challenges to health and wellbeing. Pregnancy provides a good opportunity for healthcare personal to screen women for domestic violence.

Aim:
To identify the pattern of domestic violence amongst pregnant women and to plan appropriate interventions.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional study was carried out at Primary Health Care Centre.

Methods and Material:
90 pregnant women attending the ANC OPD and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were compiled and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Percentages were calculated and Chi-square test was used wherever applicable.

Results:
Violence was mostly seen in the women who were married for five years (47.36%) and many among them experienced it within one year of marriage (34.28%). The most common violence faced by the women was verbal violence (44.73%), followed by financial violence (27.63%). Physical violence was experienced by 22.36% women. The Perceived risk factor for violence was mostly addiction of spouse in 26.31% of women and insufficient dowry and demand for male child in 19.73%.

Conclusions:
As occurrence of violence was found to be significantly associated with duration of marriage, educational status, and earning status of women asking about intimate partner violence should be a part of routine antenatal care for early detection and identification of cases, their counseling, and appropriate interventions.