bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi-method integrated simulation system for water resources allocation
Authors: Hou Jie , Wang Ni , Luo Jungang , Zhang Xu , Wang Zhonghao , Xie Jiancang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Water resources allocation is an important technical tool to alleviate the conflict between water supply and demand, improve water resources utilization efficiency, and achieve the control target of total water resources utilization. However, the current water resources allocation theory is immature, and there are few objective and quantitative allocation methods, which leads to the relatively backward allocation practice. Moreover, the amounts of allocable water resources change dynamically, which makes the static and single traditional allocation scheme difficult to adapt to changes. To address the above issues, this research comprehensively integrated multiple types of allocation models to build a multi-method integrated simulation system for water resources allocation. The results show that the system supports visually generated schemes and dynamically simulates water resources allocation. The application of the simulation system enhances the reliability of results. And the dynamic adaptability of allocation results supports allocation decisions.
Physical modelling of energy losses at surcharged three-way junction manholes in drainage system
Authors: Li Qijie , Xia Junqiang , Zhou Meirong , Deng Shanshan , Zhang Hao , Xie Zhihua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMotivated by the observation that vortex flow structure was evident in the energy loss at the surcharged junction manhole due to changes of hydraulic and geometrical parameters, a physical model was used to calculate energy loss coefficients and investigate the relationship between flow structure and energy loss at the surcharged three-way junction manhole. The effects of the flow discharge ratio, the connected angle between two inflow pipes, the manhole geometry, and the downstream water depth on the energy loss were analyzed based on the quantified energy loss coefficients and the identified flow structure. Moreover, two empirical formulae for head loss coefficients were validated by the experimental data. Results indicate that the effect of flow discharge ratio and connected angle are significant, while the effect of downstream water depth is not obvious. With the increase of the lateral inflow discharge, the flow velocity distribution and vortex structure are both enhanced. It is also found that a circular manhole can reduce local energy loss when compared to a square manhole. In addition, the tested empirical formulae can reproduce the trend of total head loss coefficient.
Tecnologia, Saneamento e Sustentabilidade: Saneamento Rural no Programa Moradia Camponesa
Authors: Sacho Sara Duarte , Miziara Fausto , Hora Karla Emmanuela Ribeiro 
Published: December 2021

Diante da longa trajetória de invisibilidade das regiões rurais nas políticas públicas em habitação e saneamento no país, esta pesquisa tem como pergunta central: como o saneamento é tratado nos programas de habitação de interesse social em regiões rurais? A discussão é desenvolvida a partir de um estudo de caso da experiência com o Programa Moradia Camponesa (PMC), no âmbito do Programa Nacional de Habitação Rural (PNHR) nos municípios de Silvânia e Vianópolis em Goiás, com revisão bibliográfica; observação participante na agenda MCP de saneamento rural; levantamento e análise documental; e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os atores envolvidos na implementação do programa. Foi verificado que a incorporação de modelos urbanos nas zonas rurais acontece desde a estrutura, burocracia e operacionalização do programa, herdados das experiências com os programas habitacionais urbanos. A temática do saneamento é tratada de forma secundária no planejamento da habitação sob a ótica da política pública. Apesar de culminarem no mesmo objeto, a moradia, as políticas públicas em habitação de interesse social e saneamento básico seguem fragmentadas em programas e iniciativas nas regiões rurais.
EDUCA MAIS TRÂNSITO
Authors: Pereira Colares Leitão Luciana , Claro Costa Silva Ferraz Mikaelle , Souza de Araujo Christian , Crisitina Costa Barbosa Thais , Piassi Dias Godói Isabella 
Published: December 2021

O trabalho é um relato de experiência vivenciado durante ações educativas desenvolvidas pelo Projeto de Extensão Educa Mais Trânsito. As ações foram realizadas no âmbito das escolas públicas e privadas do município de Marabá (PA) por estudantes e professores do Curso de Saúde Coletiva, Pedagogia e Geografia da Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará. O projeto desenvolveu estratégias pedagógicas sobre educação para o trânsito, com o público infantil e juvenil através de palestras educativas e jogos interativos. Diante do alto número de acidentes no município, ações educativas como as desenvolvidas pelo projeto, tornam-se necessárias e estratégicas com o público trabalhado, uma vez considerados multiplicadores de conhecimento a seus círculos sociais. O projeto também contribuiu com ampliação e integração das práticas extensionistas para os estudantes e professores integrantes.
Healthcare Professional’s Perceptions of E-Learning during the COVID-19
Pandemic
Authors: Hamad Adel Khalifa Sultan , Shehab Abdulla , Ali Khalifa Abdulrahman , Makwana Dayaram , Al Qassim Ghada 
Published: December 2021

Background:
COVID-19 has a significant impact on lives worldwide. Owing to the adverse effect of this pandemic, there has been a major shift from in-person
learning activities to virtual learning. Different methods of virtual learning or e-learning, such as online classes and webinars, have emerged
rapidly.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to identify the perceptions of healthcare professionals regarding e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method:
An online survey was conducted using Microsoft Forms sent via a text link to mobile phones and emails to healthcare professionals. The
questionnaire had multiple-choice questions and five-point scaling to determine perceptions about virtual learning. Data in the form of responses
were collected, analyzed, and summarized as mean ± standard deviation and percentage.

Results:
Responses were received from a total of 410 participants, out of which 240 (58.54%) were females, and 170 (41.46%) were males. Among all
participants, 294 (71.71%) were doctors. A vast majority of participants (90%) attended online webinar/e-conferences since the pandemic. The
mobile phone was the most commonly used device for e-learning. More than half of the participants opined that in-person meetings are more
effective than virtual meetings. In terms of medical learning, 40.48% of participants believed that virtual conferences are more convenient
compared to conventional in-person attendance. According to 42.2% of participants, lack of personal interaction in virtual meetings affected their
ability to acquire knowledge and experience.

Conclusion:
Our survey demonstrated the acceptance of virtual learning by healthcare professionals as a new learning method. The majority of participants
seem willing to adapt to this new medium.
Preventing the Catastrophe: Aberrant Carotid in Adenoid and Tonsil Surgery:
Two Case Reports
Authors: Mohiuddin Irshad M. , Burud Sajid , Vats Mayank , Vats Deepa 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Adenoid and tonsil surgeries are the most commonly done surgical procedures, with haemorrhage being an important complication. Fatalities due
to haemorrhage almost never occur, but the occasional devastating outcomes that are life-threatening become a frequent source of litigations and
audits. Catastrophic bleeds are usually due to an aberrant vessel or carotid protruding in the pharyngeal airway. The aberrant carotid poses a risk
during routine pharyngeal surgeries like adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, Quincy and Para-pharyngeal abscess drainage, UPPP, pharyngeal biopsies,
etc. and injuries during routine pharyngeal surgical procedures can be catastrophic due to massive bleeding.

Case report:
We report two cases of routine Adeno-tonsillectomy surgeries where aberrant carotid vessels protruding in the adeno-tonsil surgical area were
identified by endoscopic transoral evaluation intraoperatively. The surgery in these cases was postponed for further investigation due to the risk of
injury and catastrophic bleeding.

Conclusion:
Aberrant carotids are usually clinically silent, and adenoid removal in most cases is a blind procedure done by curettage. There are no guidelines to
identify aberrant vessels pre or intraoperatively, and preventing injury and catastrophic bleeding depends on surgeon’s experience and caution.
These cases underline the importance of due vigilance and taking steps before starting the procedures, particularly pre-and intraoperative transoral
endoscopic assessment for identifying aberrant vessels in the upper airway area, thus preventing injury and avoiding devastating complications. We
report these cases and underline the steps to identify aberrant vessels in the upper airway surgical field before starting surgery to prevent a
potentially catastrophic complication.
Role of Non-Coding RNA of Human Platelet in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Inzulza-Tapia Angela , Alarcón Marcelo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major cause of death in the world. Numerous
genetic studies involving transcriptomic approaches aimed at the detailed understanding
of the disease and the development of new therapeutic strategies have been conducted
over recent years. There has been an increase in research on platelets, which are
implicated in CVD due to their capacity to release regulatory molecules that affect various
pathways. Platelets secrete over 500 various kinds of molecules to plasma including
large amounts of non-coding (nc) RNA (miRNA, lncRNA or circRNA). These ncRNA
correspond to 98% of transcripts that are not translated into proteins as they are important
regulators in physiology and disease. Thus, miRNAs can direct protein complexes to
mRNAs through base-pairing interactions, thus causing translation blockage or/and transcript
degradation. The lncRNAs act via different mechanisms by binding to transcription
factors. Finally, circRNAs act as regulators of miRNAs, interfering with their action.
Alteration in the repertoire and/or the amount of the platelet-secreted ncRNA can trigger
CVD as well as other diseases. NcRNAs can serve as effective biomarkers for the disease
or as therapeutic targets due to their disease involvement. In this review, we will focus
on the most important ncRNAs that are secreted by platelets (9 miRNA, 9 lncRNA
and 5 circRNA), their association with CVD, and the contribution of these ncRNA to
CVD risk to better understand the relation between ncRNA of human platelet and CVD.
An Update on Arginase Inhibitors and Inhibitory Assays
Authors: Pudlo Marc , Muller Jason , Attia Rym , Zedet Andy , Girard Corine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
Arginase, which converts arginine into ornithine and urea, is a promising therapeutic target. Arginase is involved in cardiovascular diseases, parasitic infections and through a critical role in immunity, in some cancers. There is a need to develop effective arginase inhibitors and therefore efforts to identify and optimize new inhibitors are increasing. Several methods of evaluating arginase activity are available, but few directly measure the product. Radiometric assays need to separate urea and dying reactions require acidic conditions and sometimes heating. Hence, there are a variety of different approaches available, and each approach has its own limits and benefits. In this review, we provide an update on arginase inhibitors, followed by a discussion on available arginase assays and alternative methods, focusing on the intrinsic biases and parameters that are likely to impact results.
Self-Assembled Tocopherol-Albumin Nanoparticles with Full Biocompatibility
for Chemo-photothermal Therapy against Breast Cancer
Authors: Sun Zhenhua , Shen Haijun , Gao Qianqian , Liu Tingting , Wang Haoran , Zhang Ran , Zhou Jie , Ding Sihui , Ye Yang 
Published: December 2021

Background:
The combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy has
proven to be a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Various nanomaterials have shown great potential
in combination therapy, including gold, graphene oxide, iron oxide, and other nanoparticles.
However, their undefinable toxicity in vivo greatly slowed down their development for clinical applications.

Objective:
The present work aimed to develop a multifunctional nanoparticle for chemo-photothermal
therapy composed of acknowledged biocompatible materials.

Methods:
A novel biocompatible nanoparticle (HIT-NPs) was self-assembled through the intrinsic
interaction between D-α-tocopherol Succinate (TOS), human serum albumin (HSA) and indocyanine
green (ICG). Doxorubicin (DOX) was then loaded due to the ion pairing between DOX and
TOS. The feasibility of combined chemo-photothermal therapy induced by DOX-loaded HIT-NPs
was carefully evaluated.

Results:
In vitro, HIT-NPs showed no cytotoxicity on human normal liver cells (HL-7702 cells)
but obvious killing effects on murine breast cancer cells (4T1 cells). The combined chemo-photothermal
therapeutic effect on 4T1 cells was successfully obtained. DOX-loaded HIT-NPs could
effectively accumulate in 4T1 subcutaneous tumors after intravenous injection, and the tumor temperature
rapidly increased under laser exposure, indicating the feasibility of PTT in vivo.

Conclusion:
The self-assembled HIT-NPs could provide a promising platform for combined chemo-
photothermal cancer therapy with full biocompatibility.
Synthesis oftransN-Substituted Pyrrolidine Derivatives Bearing 1,2,4- triazole Ring
Authors: Anwar Shaik , Prasad Tangella Nagendra , Reddy Yeruva Pavankumar , Settipalli Poorna Chandrasekhar , Kumar Vadiga Shanthi , Reddy Eeda Koti , Basha Shaik Firoj 
Published: December 2021

Background:1,2,4-triazoles scaffolds display significant biological activities due to hydrogen bonding, solubility, dipole character, and rigidityObjective:The core motif of 1,2,4-triazoles plays a vital role in clinical drugs such as Rizatriptan (anti-migraine), Ribavirin (antiviral), anastrozole (anticancer), etizolam (anxiolytic), estazolam (anticonvulsant), alprazolam (anti-hypnotic), letrozole (aromatase inhibitor), loreclezole (anticonvulsant), trazadone (antidepressant) etcMethod:Epoxide ring opening of tert-butyl 6-oxa-3-azabicyclo [3.1.0] hexane-3-carboxylate followed by methylation under basic conditions and de-protection gave the corresponding trans 1-(4-methoxypyrrolidin-3-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole hydrochloride salt as the precursor. This precursor on reaction with substituted benzoyl chlorides and benzyl bromides gave the desired amide and amine productsResults:A library of 14 N-substituted pyrrolidine derivatives i.e. trans3-methoxy-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) pyrrolidin-1-yl) (phenyl)methanone and trans 1-benzyl-4-methoxypyrrolidin-3-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole were preparedConclusion:Eight novel amides (6a-h) and six amines (8a-f) derivatives were synthesized using 1-(4-methoxypyrrolidin-3-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole 4 salt with substituted benzoyl chlorides and benzyl bromides.
Effects of Polymethoxylated Flavone Metabolites on ApoB100 Secretion and MTP Activity in Huh7.5 Cells
Authors: Gonçalves Danielle R. , Cesar Thais B. , Manthey John A. , Costa Paulo I. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Citrus polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) reduce the synthesis of liver
lipoproteins in animal and in vitro cell assays, but few studies have evaluated the direct effects of
their metabolites on this highly regulated process.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of representative metabolites of PMF
on the secretion of liver lipoproteins using the mammalian cell Huh7.5.

Method:
In this study, the influences of three PMFs and five previously isolated PMF metabolites
on hepatic apoB-100 secretion and microsomal transfer protein (MTP) activity were evaluated. Tangeretin
(TAN), nobiletin (NOB) and 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF), their glucuronides
(TAN-Gluc, NOB-Gluc and HMF-Gluc) and oxidatively demethylated metabolites
(TAN-OH, NOB-OH, HMF-OH), were incubated with Huh7.5 cells to measure their inhibitory effects
on lipid synthesis.

Results:
The results showed that TAN, HMF and TAN-OH reduced the secretion of apoB-100 in a
dose-dependent manner, while NOB and the other tested metabolites showed no inhibition. MTP
activity in the Huh7.5 cells was significantly reduced in the presence of low concentrations of TAN
and high concentrations of NOB-OH. This study also showed that PMFs and PMF metabolites produced
a wide range of effects on apoB-100 secretion and MTP activity.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that while PMFs and their metabolites control dyslipidemia in
vivo, the inhibition of MTP activity cannot be the only pathway influenced by these compounds.
An Overview of Novel Bioactive Compounds with Potent Anti-Inflammatory
Activity via Dual COX-2 and 5-LOX Enzyme Inhibition
Authors: Mittal Roopal , Sharma Shailesh , Kushwah Ajay Singh 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Inflammatory response is the body’s first-line defence mechanism in
which the immune system recognises, counters the antigens, and aids in healing the disease. The
World Health Organisation suggests that inflammation is one of the greatest causes of death in the
world. Inflammation could be acute or chronic due to the release of inflammatory mediators, i.e.
prostaglandins, leukotrienes due to mitogens, and antigens or cytokines found in the body.

Methods:
The detailed studies and conceptual framework of dual COX/LOX inhibitors of natural
origin have attracted great attention. A bibliographic database using PubMed cites for peer-reviewed
research articles with titles containing dual COX-2 and 5-LOX enzyme inhibitors, heterocyclic
moieties, with AND Boolean operator's terms for the last ten years was searched. The quality
papers reviewing the natural or synthetic lead compounds were extracted.

Results:
Out of 127 research and review articles evaluated, 54 articles were cited for providing
high-quality data regarding the pharmacoactive molecules having anti-inflammatory activity via dual
COX-2/5-LOX inhibition. In addition, in silico and experimental studies on dual COX/LOX inhibitors
in increasing hierarchical order over the past decade were illustrated.

Conclusion:
This review provides details of isolated bioactive compounds, such as pyrazole,
coumaperine, indoles, and phenanthrene derivatives, that have been significantly reported for anti-
inflammatory activities.
Research on Orbit Assembly Strategy of Large-scale Space Truss Structure
Authors: Dai Ye , Xiang Chao-Fang , Bao Yu-Dong , Qi Yun-Shan , Qu Wen-Yin , Zhang Qi-Hao 
Published: December 2021

Background:
With the rapid development of spatial technology and mankind's continuous
exploration of the space domain, expandable space trusses play an important role in the construction
of space station piggyback platforms. Therefore, the study of the in-orbit assembly strategy
for space trusses has become increasingly important in recent years. The spatial truss assembly
strategy proposed in this paper is fast and effective, and it is applied for the construction of future
large-scale space facilities effectively.

Objective:
The four-prismatic truss periodic module is taken as the research object, and the assembly
process of the truss and the assembly behaviors of the spatial cellular robot serving for on-orbit
assembly are expressed.

Methods:
The article uses a reinforcement learning algorithm to study the coupling of truss assembly
sequence and robot action sequence, then uses a q-learning algorithm to plan the strategy of the
truss cycle module.

Results:
The robot is trained through the greedy strategy and avoids the failure problem caused by
assembly uncertainty. The simulation experiment proves that the Q-learning algorithm of reinforcement
learning used for planning the on-orbit assembly sequence of the truss periodic module
structures is feasible, and the optimal assembly sequence with the least number of assembly steps
obtained by this strategy.

Conclusion:
In order to address the on-orbit assembly issues of large spatial truss structures in the
space environment, we trained the robots through greedy strategy to prevent failure due to the uncertainty
conditions both in the strategy analysis and in the simulation study. Finally, the Q-learning
algorithm in reinforcement learning is used to plan the on-orbit assembly sequence in the truss cycle
module, which can obtain the optimal assembly sequence in the minimum number of assembly
steps.
PECULIARITIES OF THE WORK OF THE SURGICAL STUDENT SCIENTIFIC CIRCUIT IN THE QUARANTINE
Authors: Bitska I. V. 
Published: December 2021

With the onset of the coronavirus pandemic, the only way to learn and communicate with students is distance learning.
The aim. Analyze the features of the student scientific circle on surgery in the mode of distance learning in quarantine.
Materials and methods. When the pandemic has suddenly spread to all spheres of life, the only way to learn and communicate with students is distance learning. In Ukraine, distance learning is regulated by an order of the Ministry of Education and Science from 31.10.2013 № 1518 "On approval of the Requirements to higher educational institutions and institutions of postgraduate education, scientific, educational and scientific institutions that provide educational services in the form of distance learning to train and improve the skills of specialists in accredited areas and specialties." With the approval of distance learning, the work of the student scientific circle (CSC) "Sharp Scalpel" at the department also went online. The structure of classes during studies in the CSC consists of a theoretical part where students report the results of scientific research from literature sources according to the topics they work on with supervisors, as well as a practical part where they work directly with patients under the supervision of the CSC leader. Some classes are held in the vivarium, where they learn to suture the intestines of animals. Often the structure of practical training in the CSC is not so clear, because in the presence of an interesting clinical case in the hospital or operating room, students are fully engaged in practical work.
Results. With the transition to distance learning, the structure of classes in the CSC has undergone a significant transformation - the most important and interesting part for the group has fallen, namely the possibility of contact with the patient. The group members were divided into two groups: Group I – 8 students (25%) - students who, in addition to the practical part of the lesson, are also interested in the theoretical part of the group, who continued to study literature sources according to the topic they received and actively prepared for the scientific-practical conference. Group II-22 students (75%) – those, who lost interest in the CSC, when the opportunity to work with the patient became inaccessible. Another disadvantage of online learning is the loss of society, are the possibility of direct communication between students is lost, the necessary skills in communicating with the patient are not acquired, which is extremely important in the medical profession.
Conclusions. In the case of quarantine, distance learning is an important and necessary form of educational process, even in medical schools, but it can not replace live communication between students, with the patient and the teacher. Online learning does not provide a practical part of the CSC work, which is manifested in the loss of interest in classes in the CSC among students.