bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surge Pressure Effect on Crude Oil Export Pipelines to Petroleum Ports
Authors: Hussain Dr.Mohammad Nasir , Ibrahim Huda Khalil , Hasan Ahmed  kareem , Haddar Ahmed Abdul Jaleel 
Published: May 2021

Pressure surges in pipelines are created by a change in momentum of the moving stream (e.g. valve closure). The occurrence of pressure surges should be determined by transient pressure analysis .Surge pressures are particularly critical for pipelines transporting liquid fluids, because of the high density and lower compressibility compared to gaseous fluids. Although damping of the pressure wave initiated at the point of blockage occurs as it travels upstream, surge may in some cases result in the highest pipeline pressure at a location well upstream of the point of origin. This may occur in particular for liquid pipelines in hilly terrain.
Methods of preventing the generation of unacceptably high surge pressures including valve closure speed reduction or special fast-response pressure relief systems close to the point of surge initiation. If not sufficient, strict adherence to well formulated operating procedures should be implemented.
In our research we presented the factors that may contribute in the happening of surge phenomenon and with the use of computer calculations and experimental work we gave some solutions to prevent it. Depending on Joukowsky equation we noticed that for crude oil that each time when decreasing the valve opening the pressure will increase .in experimental part we also made tests on gas oil by using a system in petroleum research and development center the results showed that as the valve closed the pressure increase where we get maximum pressure of 42 psi.
Treatment of oily water containing different salts using surfactants
Authors: Mousa Asst. Prof. Dr. Khalid M. , Arafat Chief Eng. Aqeel Sheikha 
Published: May 2021

The oil drilling operations large quantities of contaminted water known as "produced water" .
The present study aims to treatment of produced water of the North Rumaila and Zubair oil fields,using stainless steel autoclave. A series of experiments were carried out at different conditions,temperature, pressure, acidity, revolution per minute (RPM) and salinity with and without flocculation.The result showed that 93% of oil was removed. An improvement was conducted when usingsurfactants.
Gypsum Mud Rheological Behavior
Authors: AL-Hashimi Wissam H. 
Published: May 2021

Gypsum muds are considered as the most important ones used in oil well drilling due to their thermal stability in addition to the durability of their ingredients. The main aim of this work is to study the effect of the gypsum mud compositions on their rheological behavior under the conditions of high-pressure and high temperature. Eleven samples of gypsum mud were tested using Fann viscometer model 50-C. All the tested samples had the same trend of reduction in both plastic viscosity and yield point with increasing temperature. The results showed that with 5 ppb of Q Broxine thermal degradation is obtained at approximately 150 0 F; this is due to the over treatment with thinner which result in more soluble solids and higher rheological properties while the decrement in NaOH concentration from 0.7 ppb to 0.35 ppb results in an increase in both yield point and plastic viscosity; this is due to the loss of OH-1 ions. Six rheological models were adopted: Bingham, power law, modified power law, Robertson stiff, modified Robertson stiff and Casson. Both Robertson stiff model and Casson model showed more acceptable values that fit the experimental data accurately.
Developing the Resilience of Pressure Index on Islamic Banking in Indonesia
Authors: Malik Satria 
Published: May 2021

Islamic banking is a component of financial institutions and the global financial system. Although the size of Islamic banking with conventional banking is smaller, the vulnerability in Islamic banking always within it. This is due to the presence of various financial risks that follow the credit cycle. Besides that, there is no one who concludes clearly that Islamic banking is more resilient than conventional banking. Therefore, some regulations need to be issued to maintain the balance and adaptive aspects of Islamic banking resilience. So that this research aims to measure the optimal level of pressure because of financing activities. This research uses an early warning system approach to estimate optimal pressure levels in Islamic banking caused by funding activities using monthly data from 2010 to 2018. The findings of this research indicate that the optimal level of pressure in Islamic banking is basically to maintain a certain financing risk and provide an optimal level caused by external shocks. This research found that the optimal level of pressure is between - 0.41 to 0.08. Finally, this research concludes that the resilience of Islamic banking in Indonesia requires a balanced asset-financing allocation by lowering non-performing financing, increasing liquid assets, and sound capital adequacy.
COVID-19 Pandemic and MSMEs: Impact and Mitigation
Authors: Tairas David Ronald 
Published: May 2021

Indonesia announced the first COVID-19 case in early of March 2020. Since then, the mobility restriction has hampered the economy, including the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) businesses. This study aims to explore the types of challenges encountered by MSMEs to sustain their businesses during the hardship. Descriptive qualitative method is used, with data sourced from interview with 34 MSMEs, one in each province in Indonesia, as well as secondary sources including research journals and various reports on the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that business owners experience difficulties in producing goods and services because of the raw materials shortage, financial liquidity and decreasing demand. Policy and managerial implications of the study are provided.
Mampukah Industri Kreatif Mengatasi Kejenuhan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Nasional?
Authors: Ichsan Andiga Kusuma Nur , Verena Vidita Vergia 
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan arti penting serta faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi peningkatan kinerja sektor industri kreatif. Dengan menggunakan data IBS BPS 2011–2015 dan analisis panel, didapatkan bahwa upah, tenaga kerja, aset atau modal tetap, bahan bakar, dan insentif pajak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan nilai output maupun nilai tambah industri kreatif di Indonesia, sedangkan upah dan nilai tukar berpengaruh terhadap ekspor industri kreatif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa industrikreatif dapat menjadi solusi atas kejenuhan pertumbuhan ekonomi pada umumnya dan industri pengolahan pada khususnya. Akan tetapi pemerintah perlu merumuskan kebijakan yang efektif terkait upah dan tenaga kerja, meningkatkan akses permodalan, menjaga stabilitas harga bahan bakar, mengembangkan energi yang ramah lingkungan, serta merumuskan insentif fiskal yang tepat untuk mendorong pertumbuhan industrikreatif.
Optimalisasi Peran BUM Desa dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Perdesaan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Zakariya Rizki 
Published: May 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak negatif pada aktivitas sosial-ekonomi masyarakat perdesaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguraikan urgensi dan strategi optimalisasi peran Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUM Desa) dalam mengembangkan ekonomi perdesaan di tengah pandemi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan kasus dan tinjauan regulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan urgensi BUM Desa karena kontribusinya yang besar bagi desa, tetapi terdisrupsi oleh pandemi. Upaya optimalisasi peran BUM Desa di antaranya dengan mendorong BUM Desa sebagai penyedia bahan makanan pokok di desa, bekerjasama dengan berbagai pihak eksternal, pemberian insentif dan kredit modal kerja, dan dilakukannya pendidikan dan pelatihan SDM pengelola.
Modèle de soins partagés pour les hémopathies malignes chroniques complexes
Authors: Cheung Verna , Siddiq Nancy , Devlin Rebecca , McNamara Caroline , Gupta Vikas 
Published: May 2021

Les néoplasies myéloprolifératives (NMP) sont des leucémies chroniques rares sans chromosome Philadelphie. L’expertise de cette maladie peu commune est limitée et concentrée dans des centres spécialisés où les patients doivent se rendre pour obtenir confirmation du diagnostic, prendre des décisions complexes, recevoir des soins de soutien et accéder à de nouveaux médicaments par la participation à des essais cliniques. Toutefois, les nombreux déplacements nécessaires pour ces rendez-vous représentent un poids pour les patients; ils augmentent le fardeau financier, accroissent le stress des proches aidants et nuisent à la qualité de vie. Pour s’attaquer à ce problème, le programme du Centre de cancérologie Princess Margaret (PM) dédié aux NMP a mis en place un modèle de soins partagés et a misé sur la collaboration avec les équipes soignantes locales afin d’offrir aux patients atteints de NMP une prise en charge continue et des soins de soutien plus accessibles. Ainsi, les patients se déplacent moins et reçoivent des soins de qualité axés sur leurs besoins. Le présent article décrit l’expérience de mise en œuvre du modèle de soins partagés au Centre Princess Margaret, expérience qui pourrait s’étendre à d’autres hémopathies malignes chroniques et maladies chroniques rares. L’objectif ultime des soins partagés n’est pas de centraliser les services, mais plutôt de bâtir une communauté de soins accessibles pour le patient.
Assessment of Pain, Acceptance of Illness, Adjustment to Life and Strategies of Coping with the Illness in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Religioni Urszula , Czerw Aleksandra , M. Badowska-Kozakiewicz Anna , Budzik Michał , Deptała Andrzej 
Published: May 2021

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cancer causing death in the world. The prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer is relatively low, which may be reflected in the patients’ lack of acceptance of the illness and passive attitudes towards the illness. The aim of the study was to evaluate the strategy of coping with pain and its control, acceptance of the illness and adjustment to life with cancer in patients suffering from pancreatic cancer. Forty-six patients with pancreatic cancer were included in the study. They were treated as outpatients at the Center of Oncology at Maria Skłodowska-Curie’s Institute in Warsaw between 2017 and 2018. The questionnaire included four psychometric tests: BPCQ, CSQ, AIS and MiniMAC. In the BPCQ test the highest average test result was obtained by “internal factors” (M = 16.85; SD = 5.64). The most frequently chosen strategies for coping with pain are praying/hoping (M = 22.33; SD = 7.85). The average illness acceptance score was 23.13 (SD = 7.84). The most common methods of psychological adjustment to cancer for the studied group are the strategies of positive re-evaluation (M = 20.07, SD = 3.67). Patients with pancreatic cancer have a low level of acceptance of their illness.
Asthma Phenotypes and Current Biological Treatments
Authors: Gülşen Aşkın 
Published: May 2021

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by bronchial hyperreactivity, chronic airway inflammation, and reversible airflow obstruction, and it affects individuals in all age groups. In recent years, the concept of intrinsic and extrinsic asthma as per the former classification has been replaced by endotypic and phenotypic definitions. However, the two main asthma endotypes described and have simplified its classification. These endotypes, “Th2-high” and “Th2-low”, are based on various measurements obtained for different biological materials, including blood, bronchial and sputum samples. The definitions of asthma is useful for targeted and individualized treatments, estimating the treatment response and prognosis. In the field of respiratory medicine, biological drugs (BDs) have shown rapid evolution and positive developments in the last 10 years, particularly for the treatment of asthma, interstitial lung disease, and lung cancer. However, because of the increasing number of BDs and associated studies, it has become very difficult to update treatment guidelines on a regular basis. BDs are used for patients with difficult-to-treat, moderate to severe, and/or uncontrolled allergic asthma. Here we present a review of current asthma phenotypes and the role, efficacy, and side effects of BDs used for the treatment of these conditions.
Gastrointestinal Pathology in Samples From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)–Positive Patients
Authors: Westerhoff Maria , Jones Dan , Hrycaj Steven M. , Chan May P. , Pantanowitz Liron , Tu Huolin , Choi Karen , Greenson Joel , Lamps Laura 
Published: May 2021

Context.—
Although primarily considered a respiratory illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause gastrointestinal manifestations.

Objective.—
To evaluate histopathology and in situ hybridization for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in gastrointestinal samples from patients with recent and remote COVID-19.

Design.—
Patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal tests and a gastrointestinal tissue specimen were included. SARS-CoV-2 in situ hybridization (ISH) was performed on each sample. A subset had SARS-CoV-2 next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed.

Results.—
Twenty-five patients met inclusion criteria. Five had positive SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal tests within 7 days of their gastrointestinal procedure. Two were ulcerative colitis patients on steroid therapy who lacked typical COVID-19 symptoms. Their colectomies showed severe ulcerative colitis; one demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 by NGS but a negative ISH. Another had an ischemic colon resected as a complication of the COVID-19 course; however, both ISH and NGS were negative. A fourth had a normal-appearing terminal ileum but positive ISH and NGS. The fifth patient had ileal ulcers with SARS-CoV-2 negativity by both modalities. The remaining 20 patients had positive nasopharyngeal tests an average of 53 days prior to procedure. None of their samples demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 ISH positivity, but one was positive on NGS despite a negative nasopharyngeal test.

Conclusions.—
Gastrointestinal findings from SARS-CoV-2–infected patients ranged from normal with virus detected by ISH and NGS to bowel ischemia secondary to systemic viral effects without evidence of virus in the tissue. No distinct histologic finding was identified in those with gastrointestinal tissue specimens demonstrating SARS-CoV-2 positivity in this cohort.
Diez consideraciones ético-jurídicas en relación con la reutilización y big data en el ámbito sanitario
Authors: Ausín Txetxu , Andreu Martínez Belén , Valero Torrijos Julián , Cayón de las Cuevas Joaquín 
Published: May 2021

Diferentes grupos de investigación con proyectos vigentes en materia de protección de datos de carácter personal, reutilización de la información del sector público y datos abiertos organizaron el pasado día 29 de octubre de 2020 un seminario sobre reutilización y big data en el ámbito sanitario, en el que participaron investigadores, gestores y policymakers de diferentes disciplinas. Partiendo de la premisa de la especial importancia del acceso a los datos de salud como recurso para la investigación, la gestión y el desarrollo de productos, tratamientos e intervenciones sanitarias y, a la vez, de su consideración como categoría de datos especialmente sensibles, privados y protegidos, el presente documento persigue sistematizar las principales conclusiones alcanzadas.
Various research groups with ongoing projects in the areas of personal data protection, reuse of public sector information and open data organised a seminar on October 29, 2020, on reuse and big data in the field of health in which researchers, managers and policymakers from different disciplines participated. Starting from the premise of the special importance that access to health data has as a resource for research, management and development of health products, treatments and interventions and, at the same time, its consideration as a special category of data that is particularly sensitive, private and protected, this document seeks to systematise the main conclusions reached.
Kan tjenestedesign bidra til økt medvirkning og involvering for pasienter og brukere på individnivå i helse- og omsorgstjenestene?
Authors: Eines Trude Fløystad , Mundal Ingunn Pernille , Grønvik Cecilie Katrine Utheim 
Published: May 2021

Pasient – og brukermedvirkning er en lovfestet rettighet som skal sikre pasienter og brukere økt innflytelse i helse og omsorgstjenesten. Forskning viser imidlertid at helsepersonell anvender en paternalistisk tilnærming i sin yrkesutøvelse, noe som truer pasienters rettigheter. Helsepersonell anbefales derfor å ta i bruk tjenestedesign som metodikk for å øke den reelle medvirkningen og involveringen av pasienter og brukere. Formålet med økt bruker- og pasientmedvirkning og involvering er å utvikle tjenester av høy kvalitet med utgangspunkt i brukernes behov. Behovsdrevne tjenester vil oppleves som nyttige og meningsfulle for brukerne. Det er derfor viktig at helsepersonell forstår verdien av brukermedvirkning i kvalitetsarbeid og tilegner seg kunnskap om tjenestedesign.
Can service design promote expanding user participation and user involvement in health care services?
Patient- and user participation is a legislative right intending to ensure service users involvement in health care services. However, research shows that healthcare professionals employ a paternalistic approach in their professional practice, which may threaten patients' rights. Healthcare professionals are recommended to use service design as a methodology to increase the genuine user participation and user involvement, aiming to develop high-quality services based on users' needs. Demand-driven services may be perceived as beneficial and meaningful for the patients. Therefore, the health professionals’ knowledge and comprehension of the value of user participation and service design are of importance.
DNA methylome and transcriptome analysis established a model of four differentially methylated positions (DMPs) as a diagnostic marker in esophageal adenocarcinoma early detection
Authors: Peng Weilin , Tu Guangxu , Zhao Zhenyu , He Boxue , Cai Qidong , Zhang Pengfei , Peng Xiong , Shi Shuai , Wang Xiang 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundEsophageal carcinogenesis involves in alterations of DNA methylation and gene transcription. This study profiled genomic DNA methylome vs. gene expression using transcriptome data on esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) tissues from the online databases in order to identify methylation biomarkers in EAC early diagnosis.Materials and MethodsThe DNA methylome and transcriptome data were downloaded from the UCSC Xena, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and then bioinformatically analyzed for the differentially methylated positions (DMPs) vs. gene expression between EAC and normal tissues. The highly methylated DMPs vs. reduced gene expression in EAC were selected and then stratified with those of the corresponding normal blood samples and other common human cancers to construct an EAC-specific diagnostic model. The usefulness of this model was further verified in other three GEO datasets of EAC tissues.ResultA total of 841 DMPs were associated with expression of 320 genes, some of which were aberrantly methylated in EAC tissues. Further analysis showed that four (cg07589773, cg10474350, cg13011388 and cg15208375 mapped to gene IKZF1, HOXA7, EFS and TSHZ3, respectively) of these 841 DMPs could form and establish a diagnostic model after stratified them with the corresponding normal blood samples and other common human cancers. The data were further validated in other three GEO datasets on EAC tissues in early EAC diagnosis.ConclusionThis study revealed a diagnostic model of four genes methylation to diagnose EAC early. Further study will confirm the usefulness of this model in a prospective EAC cases.
Breast Self Examination and Cancer Awareness among Female Staff in Federal Medical Center, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State (Knowledge and Practice)
Authors: Oku Y. E. , Orieno E. O. , Micah N. O. , Eric E. U. , William-Ebil I. , Akpan E. J. , Iyabi-Allagoa J. O. , Olowu E. A. 
Published: May 2021

Breast self-examination (BSE) is a recommended technique in medical science for early detection of breast cancer. It is a simple technique with no specific equipment and no cost implication. It has been shown to improve breast health awareness and thus detect potential abnormalities in the breast. It should be practiced by all women (or females known to be more at risk) from the moment the breast is developed.
The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of BSE in relation to breast cancer awareness among female staff in Federal Medical Center, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State.
Methods: A simple random technique was used to select a total of 411 female staff from different departments of the hospital. The data were collected using structured pretested questionnaire. Descriptive statistical method and correlation method was employed to analyze the variables.
Results: The findings of this study revealed that 369(89.8%) had knowledge of BSE. It also revealed that 210 (51.1%) about half of the total number practice BSE regularly. Majority of the respondents, 187 (45.5%) heard of BSE through awareness programme. There was a statistical significant association between knowledge of breast self- examination and its practice.
Conclusion: The study revealed that majority of the respondents had knowledge of BSE but the practice of BSE was poor. Knowing when to perform, how to perform, position to perform and confidence of what to look for during BSE were seen as a major issue or objective determinant of successful examination, in this study.
Therefore, there is need for intensified sensitization programmes to address knowledge and the practice of BSE among females in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State.
Career Aptitude Assessment of the Undergraduate Agricultural Students in Kerala Agricultural University
Authors: Vinodkumar Bheemanpalli , Seema B. 
Published: May 2021

The study entitled ‘Career aptitude assessment of the undergraduate agricultural students in Kerala Agricultural University’ was undertaken with 120 undergraduate agricultural students of the three colleges under Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) during 2018-19. Ex post facto research design was used for conducting the study and sample of the study comprised of 120 third year and final year students i.e., 60 students from COA, Vellayani, 35 students from COH, Vellanikkara and 25 students from COAP, Padannakkad were selected based on proportionate random sampling method. The results of the study revealed that majority of the undergraduate agricultural students had medium to high mechanical reasoning, language usage capability and numerical ability. Almost 71.68 per cent of the undergraduate agricultural students had high verbal reasoning ability and majority (78%) of the students had medium to low word knowledge. It was also observed that majority (95%) of the undergraduate agricultural students had medium to high career aptitude. These results indicated that undergraduate agriculture students have the desired skills to succeed in plethora of jobs i.e., from low profile jobs to high profile administrative and management jobs. Further, Man – Whitney test had been undertaken to test the significant difference between career aptitude of male and female students. The results revealed that regardless of their gender the career aptitude of the male and female students remained same. From this study it is evident that undergraduate students of KAU are suitable for wide range of occupations / vocations / careers from farming to agribusiness, from clerical job to the high profile administrative jobs, from farmer to the management professional, from private jobs to the government job, from extension agent to the agricultural scientist and so on.