bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of sugar and auxin crosstalk in plant growth and development
Authors: Mishra Bhuwaneshwar Sharan , Sharma Mohan , Laxmi Ashverya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnder the natural environment, nutrient signals interact with phytohormones to coordinate and reprogram plant growth and survival. Sugars are important molecules that control almost all morphological and physiological processes in plants, ranging from seed germination to senescence. In addition to their functions as energy resources, osmoregulation, storage molecules, and structural components, sugars function as signaling molecules and interact with various plant signaling pathways, such as hormones, stress, and light to modulate growth and development according to fluctuating environmental conditions. Auxin, being an important phytohormone, is associated with almost all stages of the plant's life cycle and also plays a vital role in response to the dynamic environment for better growth and survival. In the previous years, substantial progress has been made that showed a range of common responses mediated by sugars and auxin signaling. This review discusses how sugar signaling affects auxin at various levels from its biosynthesis to perception and downstream gene activation. On the same note, the review also highlights the role of auxin signaling in fine‐tuning sugar metabolism and carbon partitioning. Furthermore, we discussed the crosstalk between the two signaling machineries in the regulation of various biological processes, such as gene expression, cell cycle, development, root system architecture, and shoot growth. In conclusion, the review emphasized the role of sugar and auxin crosstalk in the regulation of several agriculturally important traits. Thus, engineering of sugar and auxin signaling pathways could potentially provide new avenues to manipulate for agricultural purposes.
New approaches to improve crop tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses
Authors: González Guzmán Miguel , Cellini Francesco , Fotopoulos Vasileios , Balestrini Raffaella , Arbona Vicent 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDuring the last years, a great effort has been dedicated at the development and employment of diverse approaches for achieving more stress‐tolerant and climate‐flexible crops and sustainable yield increases to meet the food and energy demands of the future. The ongoing climate change is in fact leading to more frequent extreme events with a negative impact on food production, such as increased temperatures, drought, and soil salinization as well as invasive arthropod pests and diseases. In this review, diverse “green strategies” (e.g., chemical priming, root‐associated microorganisms), and advanced technologies (e.g., genome editing, high‐throughput phenotyping) are described on the basis of the most recent research evidence. Particularly, attention has been focused on the potential use in a context of sustainable and climate‐smart agriculture (the so called “next agriculture generation”) to improve plant tolerance and resilience to abiotic and biotic stresses. In addition, the gap between the results obtained in controlled experiments and those from application of these technologies in real field conditions (lab to field step) is also discussed.
Who Joins a Forum—And Who Does Not?—Evaluating Drivers of Forum Participation in Polycentric Governance Systems
Authors: Angst Mario , Mewhirter Jack , McLaughlin Danielle , Fischer Manuel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn polycentric governance systems, decisions that influence a given policy issue are often made across a series of forums: venues where actors meet to resolve collective action problems. Here, we examine who does and does not participate in forums, and the factors driving that participation. We analyze forum participation patterns of 307 actors involved in Swiss water governance, who could participate in water governance forums. We find that the majority of actors do not participate in any forums. Results from a Bayesian multilevel logistic regression model show that especially those concerned with a broader range of policy issues and those that have more organizational resources at their disposal are more likely to participate. To a lesser extent, this also holds for organizations that represent policy beliefs consistent with median beliefs in the system. A belief that increased cross‐sectoral coordination is needed to promote more effective governance does not have a discernible impact on participation. These results question the integrative characteristics often attributed to forums in polycentric governance more generally.
Constructing environmental degradation and (in)fertility in Yorùbá orature
Authors: Bernard Oluwabunmi Tope 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEnvironmental degradation has been found to have a significant impact on human health. Although scientists and clinicians are at the forefront of understanding these complex links, it is also necessary to investigate the potential insights that the humanities can provide. Building on existing scholarship, this study argues that African indigenous knowledges are replete with mechanisms for understanding the nature of the problem and in procuring lasting solutions. Specifically offering an in‐depth content analysis of Ifá religious corpus among the Yorùbá of Southwestern Nigeria, this study argues that Ifá corpus contains significant historical references to epistemological sources for understanding the relationship between environmental degradation and (in)fertility. I demonstrate that Odù Ọ̀sá Méjì, an Ifá corpus, explains the interlayers of Yorùbá notions on environmental degradation, drought, forest burning, displacement of animals, and famine as causes of health‐related issues such as decrease in sperm count and quality, absence of menstruation, post‐term pregnancies, and decreased lactation. Relevant metaphors and hermeneutical tools are employed to uncover valuable insights from Ifá corpus on the nexus between a healthy environment and human fertility.
Conspiracy beliefs and the individual, relational, and collective selves
Authors: Biddlestone Mikey , Green Ricky , Cichocka Aleksandra , Sutton Robbie , Douglas Karen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecent empirical and theoretical developments suggest that endorsement of conspiracy theories can arise from the frustration ofsocialmotives. Taking this further, the current review integrates theorising on processes relating to three selves—theindividual,relational, andcollectiveself and outlines their associations with conspiracy beliefs. In doing so, we argue that motives pertaining to the individual self (e.g., narcissism, need for uniqueness) are linked to belief in conspiracy theories to deflect blame from personal shortcomings and protect the self‐image. Motives responding to threats to the relational self (e.g., social exclusion) increase endorsement of conspiracy theories to regain a sense of social support through exchanging shared concerns. Finally, collective self motives (e.g., collective narcissism, perceived ingroup victimhood) foster conspiracy beliefs to defend the group image by blaming outgroups for ingroup misfortunes and placing one's group in a morally superior victim role. Taken together, endorsement of conspiracy theories appears to be borne out of attempts to manage these three selves. Potential consequences for each of the selves, future directions, and theoretical implications are discussed.
Analysis of de novo donor‐specific HLA‐DPB1 antibodies in kidney transplantation
Authors: Tang Chen , Unterrainer Christian , Fink Annette , Cinca Sofia , Ruhenstroth Andrea , Scherer Sabine , Morath Christian , Zeier Martin , Mehrabi Arianeb , Süsal Caner , Tran Thuong Hien 
Published: September 2021

HLA matching and avoidance of unacceptable mismatches are important aspects in the selection of donors for solid organ transplantation. The impact of HLA‐DPB1 incompatibility on the outcomes of kidney transplantation is not fully understood. We investigated a potential effect of mismatching for HLA‐DPB1 at allele, eplet, or Terasaki epitope (TerEp) level on the formation of de novo donor‐specific antibodies (dnDSA) and also asked whether polymorphisms associated with HLA‐DPB1 expression level may influence dnDSA induction. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation between graft survival and HLA‐DPB1 mismatches defined by different approaches. A cohort of 366 patients who received a kidney transplant at the Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany, with availability of pre‐ and post‐transplant HLA antibody results by single antigen testing as well as of donor and recipient HLA‐DPB1 high‐resolution typing were analyzed retrospectively. Susceptibility to increased HLA‐DPB1 expression was predicted by the linked dimorphism rs9277534 A/G of the HLA‐DPB1 gene. Neither HLA‐DPB1 mismatches at allele, eplet or TerEp level nor exposure to donor's high HLA‐DPB1 expression were significantly associated with the risk of developing dnDSA against HLA‐DPB1. However, HLA‐DPB1 eplet and TerEp mismatches had a significant negative impact on graft survival (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). Matching for HLA‐DPB1 at epitope instead of allele level appears to have potential to improve graft survival in kidney transplantation.
Mouse background genetics in biomedical research: The devil's in the details
Authors: Hay Ariel M. , Howie Heather L. , Gorham James D. , D'Alessandro Angelo , Spitalnik Steven L. , Hudson Krystalyn E. , Zimring James C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundGenetically modified mice are used widely to explore mechanisms in most biomedical fields—including transfusion. Concluding that a gene modification is responsible for a phenotypic change assumes no other differences between the gene‐modified and wild‐type mice besides the targetted gene.Study Design and MethodsTo test the hypothesis that the N‐terminus of Band3, which regulates metabolism, affects RBC storage biology, RBCs from mice with a modified N‐terminus of Band3 were stored under simulated blood bank conditions. All strains of mice were generated with the same initial embryonic stem cells from 129 mice and each strain was backcrossed with C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Both 24‐h recoveries post‐transfusion and metabolomics were determined for stored RBCs. Genetic profiles of mice were assessed by a high‐resolution SNP array.ResultsRBCs from mice with a mutated Band3 N‐terminus had increased lipid oxidation and worse 24‐h recoveries, “demonstrating” that Band3 regulates oxidative injury during RBC storage. However, SNP analysis demonstrated variable inheritance of 129 genetic elements between strains. Controlled interbreeding experiments demonstrated that the changes in lipid oxidation and some of the decreased 24‐hr recovery were caused by inheritance of a region of chromosome 1 of 129 origin, and not due to the modification of Band 3. SNP genotyping of a panel of commonly used commercially available KO mice showed considerable 129 contamination, despite wild‐type B6 mice being listed as the correct control.DiscussionThousands of articles published each year use gene‐modified mice, yet genetic background issues are rarely considered. Assessment of such issues are not, but should become, routine norms of murine experimentation.
Patterns of transfusion burden in an unselected population of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: A population‐based study
Authors: Rozema Johanne , van Roon Eric N. , Kibbelaar Robby E. , Veeger Nic J. G. M. , Slim Christiaan L. , de Wit Harry , Hoogendoorn Mels ,   on behalf of the HemoBase Population Registry Consortium
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIneffective hematopoiesis in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) often results in transfusion dependence. The burden of frequent transfusions in the real‐world MDS population is largely unknown.Study design and methodsAn observational, retrospective, population‐based study, using the HemoBase registry, was performed including all patients diagnosed with MDS between 2005 and 2017 in Friesland, a province in the Netherlands with approximately 650,000 inhabitants. Detailed clinical information was collected from the electronic health records. Transfusion burden was classified according to the International Working Group 2018 criteria: not transfusion dependent, low (LTB), or high transfusion burden (HTB). Univariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed.ResultsOf 292 patients, 136 (46.6%) had a HTB of ≥8 units/16 weeks and 17 (5.8%) had a LTB of 3–7 units/16 weeks. This was present in all types of MDS patients, but patients aged 75–84 years (odds ratio [OR] 4.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.84–8.82), high‐risk MDS patients (OR 2.88, 95% CI: 1.08–7.68) and MDS‐EB‐2 patients (OR 7.07, 95% CI: 2.17–22.90) were particularly at risk for a HTB.DiscussionThis study provides a reliable estimate of the transfusion burden in real‐world MDS patients, with almost half of the patients having a HTB. A HTB was observed in all MDS subtypes and both low‐ and high‐risk MDS. Therefore, we conclude that the entire MDS population might benefit from novel agents that reduce the transfusion need and that might have beneficial effects on patient outcomes and healthcare utilization outcomes.
Autologous lamellar keratoplasty for the treatment of feline corneal sequestrum: A retrospective study of 35 eyes (2012–2020)
Authors: Michel Julien , Vigan Marie , Douet Jean‐Yves 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the use of autologous lamellar keratoplasty for the treatment of feline corneal sequestrum (FCS).ProcedureThe medical records of cats diagnosed with FCS that underwent autologous lamellar keratoplasty between 2012 and 2020 with a minimum of 2 months of follow‐up were reviewed. After keratectomy of FCS, a button adjacent to the corneal limbus was harvested on the same eye and sutured to the recipient bed. A nictitating membrane flap was left in place until the first recheck except for one patient. Postoperative treatment with topical and systemic antibiotics and systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory medications was prescribed. Follow‐up examinations were carried out 2 weeks, 1 month and 2 months post‐operatively and consisted of a complete ophthalmic examination.ResultsA total of 35 cats (35 eyes) were included. The median follow‐up time was 3.2 months (range, 2–59 months). Brachycephalic cats were overrepresented (85.7%). The mean graft size was 6.5 mm (range, 6–9 mm). Minor complications consisting of melting and partial integration of the graft occurred in 2/35 eyes (5.7%). Recurrence was observed in 1/35 eyes (2.9%) and was managed by a superficial keratectomy. A good visual outcome was achieved in all eyes, and a faint or mild corneal opacification occurred in 15/35 (42.9%).ConclusionsAutologous lamellar keratoplasty is an effective treatment for FCS, providing good tectonic support to the affected cornea and resulting in good visual and cosmetic outcomes. These results should be verified in future prospective studies that include a larger number of cases and longer‐term follow‐up.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: September 2021

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 8Jane Liang, California Department of Education, USAKeyla Ferrari Lopes, UNICAMP, BrazilMaria Rosa M. Prado, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, BrazilMinh Duc Duong, Thai Nguyen University, VietnamMuhammad Haris Effendi-Hasibuan, Universitas Jambi, IndonesiaNiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanSarah Nabih Nasif, October University, EgyptSelloane Pitikoe, University of Eswatini, Eswatini Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail 1: jets@redfame.comE-mail 2: jets@redfame.orgURL: http://jets.redfame.com
Chromato-Mass-Spectrometric Identification of Glycosides of Phenylethylamides of Hydroxycinnamic Acids in a Suspension Cell Culture of Mandragora turcomanica
Authors: Kochkin D. V. , Galishev B. A. , Titova M. V. , Popova E. V. , Nosov A. M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A detailed UPLC-ESI-MS study was performed on secondary metabolites in the biomass of a suspension plant cell culture of Turkmenian mandrake (Mandragora turcomanica Mizgir.), which has been maintained for over 30 years. Both compounds widespread in plants (amides of hydroxycinnamic acids with putrescine and feruloyltyramine) and very rare metabolites (glycosides of phenylethylamides of hydroxycinnamic acids) have been identified. The identification of compounds was carried out using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (UPLC-ESI-MS) and detection of positive and negative ion modes. Structural analysis of glycosides of phenylethylamides of ferulic acid was carried out on the basis of interpreting MS spectra obtained by fragmentation of protonated molecular ions [M + H]+ of these compounds in the ionization source. Based on the obtained results, the presence of five hexosides of ferulic acid, three of which were with tyramine residues and one each with methoxytyramine and octopamine residues, respectively, in the M. turcomanica cells cultivated in vitro was revealed. One of the detected glycosides belongs to a very rare group of plant metabolites: feruloyltyramine dihexosides. The obtained results confirm the concept developed in the authors' works on the change in specialized metabolism of plant cells cultivated in vitro and indicate that dedifferentiated proliferating cells retain the ability to form a complex set of secondary metabolites, which contradicts the prevailing ideas about the loss or decrease in the intensity of specialized metabolism in plant cell cultures.
Proteome and Lipidome of Plant Cell Membranes during Development
Authors: Shishova M. F. , Yemelyanov V. V. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Intensive development of systemic biology involves intensification of such branches as proteomics and lipidomics, which are valid for systemic biology of plants. This trend is obvious due to the rapidly growing number of publications on proteomes and lipidomes of plant cells, tissues, and whole organs. Particulars of the plant nuclei, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have been rather well detailed in this regard. However, these data are scarce concerning the tonoplast, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, and other single-membrane organelles of the plant cell. This review surveys the current concepts related to specificity of protein and lipid spectra in the membrane structures of plant cells. The little data describing changes in these parameters in the course of development and under stress pressure are also analyzed.
Glutathione Status in the Roots of Tomato Plants Transgenic by Genes psl and rapA1 in the Presence of Rhizobium leguminosarum
Authors: Vershinina Z. R. , Chubukova O. V. , Maslennikova D. R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The level of glutathione was investigated in the roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants transgenic by genes psl and rapA1 in the presence of a microsymbiont of leguminous plants Rhizobium leguminosarum VSy3. The plants transformed with gene psl showed a greater bacterial adhesion than the plants transformed with gene rapA1, which positively correlated with growth parameters of plants. Treatment with rhizobia elevated the content of glutathione in the roots of wild type plants three times, 4.7 times in the roots of plants transformed with gene rapA1, and more than five times in the plants transgenic by gene psl. The obtained results suggest that the level of glutathione in the roots may serve as a marker of efficiency of artificial symbiotic systems produced de novo.
Applying explicit symplectic integrator to study chaos of charged particles around magnetized Kerr black hole
Authors: Sun Wei , Wang Ying , Liu Fuyao , Wu Xin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn a recent work of Wu, Wang, Sun and Liu, a second-order explicit symplectic integrator was proposed for the integrable Kerr spacetime geometry. It is still suited for simulating the nonintegrable dynamics of charged particles moving around the Kerr black hole embedded in an external magnetic field. Its successful construction is due to the contribution of a time transformation. The algorithm exhibits a good long-term numerical performance in stable Hamiltonian errors and computational efficiency. As its application, the dynamics of order and chaos of charged particles is surveyed. In some circumstances, an increase of the dragging effects of the spacetime seems to weaken the extent of chaos from the global phase-space structure on Poincaré sections. However, an increase of the magnetic parameter strengthens the chaotic properties. On the other hand, fast Lyapunov indicators show that there is no universal rule for the dependence of the transition between different dynamical regimes on the black hole spin. The dragging effects of the spacetime do not always weaken the extent of chaos from a local point of view.
Estimation of nuclear matrix elements of double-$$\varvec{\beta }$$ decay from shell model and quasiparticle random-phase approximation
Authors: Terasaki J. , Iwata Y. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe nuclear matrix element (NME) of neutrinoless double-$$\beta $$β($$0\nu \beta \beta $$0νββ) decay is an essential input for determining the neutrino effective mass, if the half-life of this decay is measured. Reliable calculation of this NME has been a long-standing problem because of the diversity of the predicted values of the NME, which depends on the calculation method. In this study, we focus on the shell model and the QRPA. The shell model has a rich amount of the many-particle many-hole correlations, and the quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) can obtain the convergence of the calculation results with respect to the extension of the single-particle space. It is difficult for the shell model to obtain the convergence of the$$0\nu \beta \beta $$0νββNME with respect to the valence single-particle space. The many-body correlations of the QRPA may be insufficient, depending on the nuclei. We propose a new method to phenomenologically modify the results of the shell model and the QRPA compensating for the insufficiencies of each method using the information of other methods in a complementary manner. Extrapolations of the components of the$$0\nu \beta \beta $$0νββNME of the shell model are made toward a very large valence single-particle space. We introduce a modification factor to the components of the$$0\nu \beta \beta $$0νββNME of the QRPA. Our modification method yields similar values of the$$0\nu \beta \beta $$0νββNME for the two methods with respect to$$^{48}$$48Ca. The NME of the two-neutrino double-$$\beta $$βdecay is also modified in a similar but simpler manner, and the consistency of the two methods is improved.