bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grass pea natural variation reveals oligogenic resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi
Authors: Sampaio Ana Margarida , Alves Mara Lisa , Pereira Priscila , Valiollahi Ehsan , Santos Carmen , Šatović Zlatko , Rubiales Diego , Araújo Susana de Sousa , van Eeuwijk Fred , Vaz Patto Maria Carlota 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGrass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is an annual legume species, phylogenetically close to pea (Pisum sativum L.), that may be infected by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi (Fop), the causal agent of fusarium wilt in peas with vast worldwide yield losses. A range of responses varying from high resistance to susceptibility to this pathogen has been reported in grass pea germplasm. Nevertheless, the genetic basis of that diversity of responses is still unknown, hampering its breeding exploitation. To identify genomic regions controlling grass pea resistance to fusarium wilt, a genome‐wide association study approach was applied on a grass pea worldwide collection of accessions inoculated with Fop race 2. Disease responses were scored in this collection that was also subjected to high‐throughput based single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) screening through genotyping‐by‐sequencing. A total of 5,651 high‐quality SNPs were considered for association mapping analysis, performed using mixed linear models accounting for population structure. Because of the absence of a fully assembled grass pea reference genome, SNP markers’ genomic positions were retrieved from the pea's reference genome v1a. In total, 17 genomic regions were associated with three fusarium wilt response traits in grass pea, anticipating an oligogenic control. Seven of these regions were located on pea chromosomes 1, 6, and 7. The candidate genes underlying these regions were putatively involved in secondary and amino acid metabolism, RNA (regulation of transcription), transport, and development. This study revealed important fusarium wilt resistance favorable grass pea SNP alleles, allowing the development of molecular tools for precision disease resistance breeding.
Evaluation of the use of ketoprofen for the treatment of digital dermatitis in dairy cattle: A randomised, positive controlled, clinical trial
Authors: Kasiora Konstantina , Anagnostopoulos Alkiviadis , Bedford Cherril , Menka Theologia , Barden Matthew , Griffiths Bethany Eloise , Achard Damien , Timms Katherine , Machado Vinicius Silva , Coates Amy , Oikonomou Georgios 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of administering ketoprofen to cows suffering from active digital dermatitis (DD).Methods158 cows presented with active DD (M1, M2 or M4.1 stage) were randomly allocated to either the control or the treatment group. All cows were treated with topical application of oxytetracycline spray. The treatment group also received an intramuscular injection of ketoprofen (3 mg/kg, Ketofen 10%, Ceva Animal Health). Cows were mobility scored just before they were treated and then again one week later. Information regarding their daily milk production was also collected.ResultsAnimals in the control group were at 2.57 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82–8.01, p = 0.10) times higher odds to be lame at the second evaluation compared to those that received ketoprofen as well. This was a numeric but not statistically significant difference. When only cows that were lame prior to treatment were considered, cows that did not receive ketoprofen were at 20.20 (95% CI: 1.40–291.29, p = 0.03) higher odds of remaining lame week post‐treatment comparing to cows that did receive ketoprofen. Freshly calved and lame at enrolment cows in the treatment group produced 58.38 ± 1.85 kg per day the week after treatment comparing to freshly calved and lame at enrolment controls that produced 47.89 ± 1.81 kg per day (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe addition of ketoprofen in the treatment of active DD lesions may be beneficial for animal welfare and for animal productivity.
Hesse-Cassel: Alledged Sedition and Law-Suits (1640s–1650s)
Authors: Romein Christel Annemieke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this chapter I discuss another German case, that of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Cassel. The Thirty Year’s War led to a governmental crisis and Landgrave William V went into exile where he died. The minor William VI inherited the occupied principality, which his regent-mother Amelie Elisabeth set out to reconquer. In 1646 Amelie required 4000 Malter of corn for her armed forces, and she convened an assembly requesting the nobility for their consent. The nobility, however, needed more time to debate the matter but was confronted with the illegal requisition of the resources. They saw this as a violation of their noble privileges led to an assembly of the nobility, which was consequently banned by the landgravine. The situation triggered a fierce reaction by the nobility, suggesting that the landgravine was attempting to establish an arbitrary rule. Since communication became strained, the nobility brought the situation under the attention of the Imperial Chamber Court in 1651. The lawsuit that followed showed that fatherland terminology was accepted in the formal, legal language by lawyers of both parties. In the argumentation sedition, privileges, traditions and the fear of the establishment of an arbitrary government are all used.
Impact of processing on important cocoa off-flavour compounds
Authors: Füllemann Daniela , Neiens Silva D. , Steinhaus Martin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe compounds responsible for smoky and mouldy–musty off-flavours in fermented cocoa have recently been elucidated; however, their behaviour during further processing into chocolate was still unclear. The compounds 2-methoxyphenol, 3-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol, 3-ethylphenol, 4-ethylphenol, and 3-propylphenol known to contribute to smoky off-flavours showed a tendency towards a minor increase during roasting and processing into cocoa liquor. This increase amounted to 1.4-fold at the most, however, was clearly compensated by losses of 30–63% during further processing into chocolate mass and conching. Among the off-flavour compounds identified in mouldy–musty smelling cocoa, faecal, mothball-like 3-methyl-1H-indole showed a clear decrease during roasting and processing into cocoa liquor, at least at rather high roasting temperatures, and a further decrease during processing into chocolate mass and conching. In contrast, faecal, mothball-like 1H-indole substantially increased during roasting and processing into cocoa liquor, namely from concentrations below its odour threshold value to concentrations up to 8 times beyond its odour threshold value. During processing into chocolate mass and conching, 1H-indole remained virtually unchanged. The data suggested that the monitoring of off-flavour compounds at the incoming goods inspection in the chocolate industry should not be limited to the fermented beans as such but additionally include the analysis of a bean sample after test roasting to correctly assess the off-flavour potential of 3-methyl-1H-indole and 1H-indole.
Partial visual loss disrupts the relationship between judged room size and sound source distance
Authors: Kolarik Andrew J. , Moore Brian C. J. , Cirstea Silvia , Raman Rajiv , Gopalakrishnan Sarika , Pardhan Shahina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVisual spatial information plays an important role in calibrating auditory space. Blindness results in deficits in a number of auditory abilities, which have been explained in terms of the hypothesis that visual information is needed to calibrate audition. When judging the size of a novel room when only auditory cues are available, normally sighted participants may use the location of the farthest sound source to infer the nearest possible distance of the far wall. However, for people with partial visual loss (distinct from blindness in that some vision is present), such a strategy may not be reliable if vision is needed to calibrate auditory cues for distance. In the current study, participants were presented with sounds at different distances (ranging from 1.2 to 13.8 m) in a simulated reverberant (T60 = 700 ms) or anechoic room. Farthest distance judgments and room size judgments (volume and area) were obtained from blindfolded participants (18 normally sighted, 38 partially sighted) for speech, music, and noise stimuli. With sighted participants, the judged room volume and farthest sound source distance estimates were positively correlated (p < 0.05) for all conditions. Participants with visual losses showed no significant correlations for any of the conditions tested. A similar pattern of results was observed for the correlations between farthest distance and room floor area estimates. Results demonstrate that partial visual loss disrupts the relationship between judged room size and sound source distance that is shown by sighted participants.
[68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET imaging as a predictor for absorbed doses in organs at risk and small lesions in [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 treatment
Authors: Peters Steffie M. B. , Hofferber Regina , Privé Bastiaan M. , de Bakker Maarten , Gotthardt Martin , Janssen Marcel , de Lange Frank , Muselaers Constantijn H. J. , Mehra Niven , Witjes J. Alfred , Costa Pedro F. , Nagarajah James , Konijnenberg Mark W. , Jentzen Walter 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction

Patient eligibility for [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy remains a challenge, with only 40–60% response rate when patient selection is done based on the lesion uptake (SUV) on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-PET/CT. Prediction of absorbed dose based on this pre-treatment scan could improve patient selection and help to individualize treatment by maximizing the absorbed dose to target lesions while adhering to the threshold doses for the organs at risk (kidneys, salivary glands, and liver).

Methods
Ten patients with low-volume hormone-sensitive prostate cancer received a pre-therapeutic [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT, followed by 3 GBq [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 therapy. Intra-therapeutically, SPECT/CT was acquired at 1, 24, 48, 72, and 168 h. Absorbed dose in organs and lesions (n = 22) was determined according to the MIRD scheme. Absorbed dose prediction based on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-PET/CT was performed using tracer uptake at 1 h post-injection and the mean tissue effective half-life on SPECT. Predicted PET/actual SPECT absorbed dose ratios were determined for each target volume.

Results
PET/SPECT absorbed dose ratio was 1.01 ± 0.21, 1.10 ± 0.15, 1.20 ± 0.34, and 1.11 ± 0.29 for kidneys (using a 2.2 scaling factor), liver, submandibular, and parotid glands, respectively. While a large inter-patient variation in lesion kinetics was observed, PET/SPECT absorbed dose ratio was 1.3 ± 0.7 (range: 0.4–2.7, correlation coefficient r = 0.69, p < 0.01).

Conclusion
A single time point [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-PET scan can be used to predict the absorbed dose of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy to organs, and (to a limited extent) to lesions. This strategy facilitates in treatment management and could increase the personalization of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy.
Analyzing microglial phenotypes across neuropathologies: a practical guide
Authors: Schwabenland Marius , Brück Wolfgang , Priller Josef , Stadelmann Christine , Lassmann Hans , Prinz Marco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs extremely sensitive immune cells, microglia act as versatile watchdogs of the central nervous system (CNS) that tightly control tissue homeostasis. Therefore, microglial activation is an early and easily detectable hallmark of virtually all neuropsychiatric, neuro-oncological, neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. The recent introduction of novel high-throughput technologies and several single-cell methodologies as well as advances in epigenetic analyses helped to identify new microglia expression profiles, enhancer-landscapes and local signaling cues that defined diverse previously unappreciated microglia states in the healthy and diseased CNS. Here, we give an overview on the recent developments in the field of microglia biology and provide a practical guide to analyze disease-associated microglia phenotypes in both the murine and human CNS, on several morphological and molecular levels. Finally, technical limitations, potential pitfalls and data misinterpretations are discussed as well.
Impact of endometriosis on obstetric outcome after natural conception: a multicenter Italian study
Authors: Berlanda N. , Alio W. , Angioni S. , Bergamini V. , Bonin C. , Boracchi P. , Candiani M. , Centini G. , D’Alterio M. N. , Del Forno S. , Donati A. , Dridi D. , Incandela D. , Lazzeri L. , Maiorana A. , Mattei A. , Ottolina J. , Orenti A. , Perandini A. , Perelli F. , Piacenti I. , Pino I. , Porpora M. G. , Scaramuzzino S. , Seracchioli R. , Solima E. , Somigliana E. , Venturella R. , Vercellini P. , Viganò P. , Vignali M. , Zullo F. , Zupi E. ,   Endometriosis Treatment Italian Club (ETIC)
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate obstetric outcome in women with endometriosis who conceive naturally and receive standard obstetric care in Italy.

Methods
Cases were consecutive women with endometriosis managed in eleven Italian referral centers. Controls were women in whom endometriosis was excluded. All women filled in a questionnaire addressing previous natural pregnancies. Marginal logistic regression models were fitted to evaluate the impact of endometriosis on obstetric outcome. A post hoc analysis was performed within the endometriosis group comparing women with severe adenomyosis versus women with absent or mild adenomyosis.

Results
Three hundred and fifty-five pregnancies in endometriosis group and 741 pregnancies in control group were included. Women with endometriosis had a higher risk of preterm delivery < 34 weeks (6.4% vs 2.8%, OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.22–4.82), preterm delivery < 37 weeks (17.8% vs 9.7%, OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.23–3.19), and neonatal admission to Intensive Care Unit (14.1% vs 7.0%, OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.23–3.36). At post hoc analysis, women with endometriosis and severe adenomyosis had an increased risk of placenta previa (23.1% vs 1.8%, OR 16.68, 95% CI 3.49–79.71), cesarean delivery (84.6% vs 38.9%, OR 8.03, 95% CI 1.69–38.25) and preterm delivery < 34 weeks (23.1% vs 5.7%, OR 5.52, 95% CI 1.38–22.09).

Conclusion
Women with endometriosis who conceive naturally have increased risk of preterm delivery and neonatal admission to intensive care unit. When severe adenomyosis is coexistent with endometriosis, women may be at increased risk of placenta previa and cesarean delivery.

Trial registration
Clinical trial registration number: NCT03354793.
Comparison of three different methods to detect bone marrow involvement in patients with neuroblastoma
Authors: Schriegel Felix , Taschner-Mandl Sabine , Bernkopf Marie , Grunwald Uwe , Siebert Nikolai , Ambros Peter F. , Ambros Inge , Lode Holger N. , Henze Guenter , Ehlert Karoline 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent extracranial tumor in children. The detection of bone marrow (BM) involvement is crucial for correct staging and risk-adapted treatment. We compared three methods regarding the detection of NB involvement in BM.

Methods
Eighty-one patients with NB were included in this retrospective study. BM samples were obtained at designated time points at study entry and during treatment or follow-up. The diagnostic tools for BM analysis included cytomorphology (CM), flow cytometry (FCM) and automatic immunofluorescence plus fluorescence in situ hybridization (AIPF).

Results
We analyzed 369 aspirates in 81 patients in whom AIPF, CM, and FCM were simultaneously available. During the observation period, NB cells were detected in 86/369 (23.3%) cases, by CM in 32/369 (8.7%), by FCM in 52 (14.1%), and by AIPF in 72 (19.5%) samples. AIPF and/or FCM confirmed all positive results obtained in CM and detected 11 additional positive BM aspirates in 294 CM negative samples (p < 0,001). Survival of patients with BM involvement at study entry identified solely by FCM/AIPF was 17.4% versus 0% for patients in whom BM involvement was already identified by CM.

Conclusion
The combination of AIPF/FCM yielded the highest detection rate of NB cells in BM. AIPF was the single, most sensitive method in detecting these cells. Although CM did not provide any additional positive results, it is still a useful, readily available and cost-effective tool. The prognostic significance of FCM and AIPF should be confirmed in a prospective study with a larger number of patients.
Effects of supervised aerobic exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness and patient-reported health outcomes in colorectal cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy—a pilot study
Authors: Zopf Eva M. , Schulz Holger , Poeschko Jonas , Aschenbroich Kerstin , Wilhelm Thomas , Eypasch Ernst , Kleimann Elmar , Severin Kai , Benz Jutta , Liu Enwu , Bloch Wilhelm , Baumann Freerk T. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Colorectal cancer and its treatment are associated with debilitating side effects. Exercise may improve the physical and psychological wellbeing of cancer patients; however, evidence in colorectal cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy is limited. This pilot study aimed to explore the effects of supervised aerobic exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness and patient-reported health outcomes in colorectal cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods
Patients who had undergone curative resection for colorectal cancer (stages II–III) and were scheduled to receive adjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled into this non-randomized controlled trial. Patients in the intervention group (IG) took part in a 6-month supervised aerobic exercise program, while the control group (CG) received usual care. Cardiorespiratory fitness (measured by peak oxygen consumption) was assessed at baseline and 6 months. Fatigue, quality of life, and physical activity levels were additionally assessed at 3 months.

Results
In total, 59 patients (33 in IG vs. 26 in CG) were enrolled into this study. Eighteen patients (9 in IG vs. 9 in CG) dropped out of the study prior to the 6-month follow-up. Significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (p = .002) and selected patient-reported health outcomes, such as reduced motivation (p = .015) and mental fatigue (p = .018), were observed in the IG when compared to the CG.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the effects of a supervised aerobic exercise program in colorectal cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. The significant and clinically meaningful improvements in CRF warrant further randomized controlled trials to confirm these findings.

Trials registration
German Clinical Trials Register Identifier: DRKS00005793, 11/03/2014, retrospectively registered.
Förderung der Handlungsfähigkeit von Auszubildenden für die betriebliche Klimaanpassung
Authors: Trautmann Christina , Siegmund Alexander 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDie regionalen Folgen des globalen Klimawandels sind längst auch in Deutschland unverkennbar. Die Temperaturen sind hier seit 1881 mit 1,6 °C sogar stärker gestiegen als im globalen Vergleich, mit vielfältigen direkten und indirekten Auswirkungen für Umwelt, Gesellschaft und auch für die Wirtschaft. Die damit einhergehenden zunehmenden Extremwetterereignisse bergen vielfältige wirtschaftliche Risiken für Unternehmen und rücken die betriebliche Klimaanpassung damit in den Mittelpunkt des Interesses. Nur durch nachhaltige Anpassungsstrategien an die regional- und branchenspezifischen Folgen des Klimawandels können der wirtschaftliche Erfolg und die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit langfristig gesichert werden.Hierzu bedarf es jedoch eines sensibilisierten Bewusstseins sowie einschlägiger Kompetenzen zur Beurteilung der unternehmensspezifischen Vulnerabilität und zur Identifikation adäquater Anpassungsmaßnahmen. Im Rahmen des Vorhabens Transfer Together: Climate Change Education (TT:CCE) als Anschlussvorhaben von KlimAzubi wird die Zielgruppe der Auszubildenden von Unternehmen als die zukünftigen betrieblichen Akteure für die betriebliche Klimawandelbetroffenheit und Anpassung adressiert. Dies ist insbesondere in Anbetracht dessen wichtig, dass (inter-)nationale Studien einen geringen Bildungsstand von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen bezüglich der Strategien der Klimaanpassung aufzeigen.Anhand des projektbezogenen Bildungsansatzes, der die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf die „natürliche“ Umwelt vermittelt und gleichzeitig die Inhalte auf die „betriebliche“ Umwelt transferiert, wird gezeigt, wie die betriebliche Klimaanpassung in der Berufsausbildung thematisiert und damit die (langfristige) Resilienz von Unternehmen gegenüber den Folgen des Klimawandels erhöht werden kann.
Capital markets and the costs of climate policies
Authors: Leimbach Marian , Bauer Nico 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGlobalization is accompanied by increasing current account imbalances. They can undermine the positive impacts of increasing international cooperation and trade on economic growth and income convergence. At the same time, climate change challenges the global community and requests for co-operative action. Regional energy transformation due to climate policies and the resulting regional mitigation costs are key variables of climate economic analysis. This study is the first that include current account imbalances and imperfect capital markets to investigate potential market feedback mechanisms between climate policies, energy sector transformation and capital markets. Furthermore, it answers the question whether the capital-intensive transformation towards zero-carbon economies increases the policy cost of mitigation under the condition of imperfect capital markets. First results demonstrate a dominant baseline effect of capital market imperfections on macroeconomic variables, and moderate effects on mitigation costs in global climate policy scenarios. For some regions (e.g. Middle East) estimates of relatively high mitigation costs are revised downwards, if imperfect capital markets are considered.
aCHAT-WF: Generating conversational agents for teaching business process models
Authors: Rooein Donya , Bianchini Devis , Leotta Francesco , Mecella Massimo , Paolini Paolo , Pernici Barbara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a general approach for using conversational interfaces such as chatbots to offer adaptive learning of business processes in an environment involving different actors. Adaptivity concerns both the content being proposed, the sequence of learning items, and the way the conversation is conducted. The original approach allows the development of sustainable chatbots and empowers various non-technical actors (authors, teachers, publishers, and learners) to control the chatbot features directly. The aCHAT-WF framework (adaptive CHATbot for WorkFlows), proposed in this paper for managing conversational interfaces, conceptually represents all the aspects related to a conversation about business processes, with different facets for the user, the conversation flow, and the conversation contents, combining them to obtain a flexible interaction with the user. The paper focuses on the different preparation phases for instructional material based on Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) models, separating the different roles involved in the construction of a chatbot for teaching business processes and with the possibility of defining different styles for the interaction with the users. The proposed method is configuration-driven, to facilitate the separation of the different aspects of the control of the interaction and the delivery of contents.