bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol ameliorated endothelial injury of thoracic aorta in diabetic mice and Gly‐LDL‐induced HUVECs through inhibiting TLR4/HIF‐1α
Authors: Sha Wenjun , Liu Meizhi , Sun Dusang , Qiu Junhui , Xu Bilin , Chen Lin , Shen Tian , Chen Cheng , Wang Hongping , Zhang Cuiping , Lei Tao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTo explore the effects of resveratrol on the levels of inflammatory cytokines and Toll‐like receptor‐4/ hypoxia‐inducible transcription factors‐1α (TLR4/HIF‐1α) signalling pathway in diabetes mellitus. C57BL/6 mice received intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin for constructing diabetic mice models. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with 50 µg/mL Gly‐LDL for inducing injury models. 10, 100 and 1000 mmol/L resveratrol were obtained and added into each group. Haematoxylin‐eosin (H&E) staining was used for histological evaluation. CCK8 assay was performed for determination of cell viability, and Transwell assay was implemented for detecting cell migration ability. Cell apoptosis was analysed using flow cytometry. The content of inflammatory factors including interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), vascular adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by ELISA. GST pull‐down assay was employed for determining interactions between TLR4 and HIF‐1α. The protein expression of TLR4 and HIF‐1α was detected using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, while relative mRNA expression was measured by RT‐qRCR. Resveratrol could reduce bodyweight and ameliorate endothelial injury of thoracic aorta in diabetic mice. Both in vivo and in vitro results revealed that the level of IL‐6, TNF‐α, VCAM‐1 and VEGF was significantly down‐regulated after being treated with resveratrol. Resveratrol inhibited the increase of MDA and ROS and increased the level of SOD in diabetic mice. Western blotting, IHC and RT‐qPCR results showed that the levels of TLR4 and HIF‐1α were significantly down‐regulated in resveratrol group. Overexpression of TLR4 or HIF‐1α could reverse the effect of resveratrol. GST pull‐down elucidated that there might be a close interaction between TLR4 and HIF‐1α. Resveratrol ameliorated endothelial injury of thoracic aorta in diabetic mice and Gly‐LDL‐induced HUVECs through inhibiting TLR4/HIF‐1α signalling pathway.
STAT3‐activated lncRNA XIST accelerates the inﬂammatory response and apoptosis of LPS‐induced acute lung injury
Authors: Li Jun , Xue Lei , Wu Yunfei , Yang Qiang , Liu Degang , Yu Changhui , Peng Jiangzhou 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) is a severe lung respiratory failure characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Novel findings demonstrated the critical roles of long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) in ALI. Here, we tried to investigate the roles and potential mechanism of lncRNA X‐inactive specific transcript (XIST) in ALI. Results illustrated that lncRNA XIST was up‐regulated in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ALI mice models and pulmonary endothelial cells. Biofunctional assays unveiled that knockdown of XIST repressed the inﬂammatory response and apoptosis in LPS‐induced endothelial cells. Mechanistically, XIST acted as the miR‐146a‐5p sponge to positively regulate STAT3. Moreover, STAT3 combined the promoter region of XIST to accelerate the transcription, constituting the positive feedback loop of XIST/miR‐146a‐5p/STAT3 in ALI. Collectively, these findings suggested that XIST knockdown attenuates the LPS‐induced ALI, providing a potential therapeutic target.
Sequence dynamics of three influenza A virus strains grown in different MDCK cell lines, including those expressing different sialic acid receptors
Authors: Barnard Karen N. , Wasik Brian R. , Alford Brynn K. , Hayward Jessica J. , Weichert Wendy S. , Voorhees Ian E. H. , Holmes Edward C. , Parrish Colin R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractViruses are often cultured in cell lines for research and vaccine development, and those often differ from the natural hosts or tissues. Cell lines can also differ in the presence of virus receptors, such as the sialic acid (Sia) receptors used by influenza A viruses (IAV), which can vary in linkage (α2,3‐ or α2,6‐linkage) and form (N‐glycolylneuraminic acid [Neu5Gc] or N‐acetylneuraminic acid [Neu5Ac]). The selective pressures resulting from passaging viruses in cell types with host‐specific variations in viral receptors are still only partially understood. IAV are commonly cultured in MDCK cells which are both derived from canine kidney tubule epithelium and inherently heterogeneous. MDCK cells naturally present Neu5Ac and α2,3‐linked Sia forms. Here, we examine natural MDCK variant lineages, as well as engineered variants that synthesize Neu5Gc and/or α2,6‐linkages. We determined how viral genetic variation occurred within human H3N2, H1N1 pandemic and canine H3N2 IAV populations when serially passaged in MDCK cell lines that vary in cell type (MDCK‐Type I or MDCK‐Type II clones) and in Sia display. Deep sequencing of viral genomes showed small numbers of consensus‐level mutations, mostly within the hemagglutinin (HA) gene. Both human IAV showed variants in the HA stem and the HA receptor‐binding site of populations passaged in cells displaying Neu5Gc. Canine H3N2 showed variants near the receptor‐binding site when passaged in cells displaying Neu5Gc or α2,6‐linkages. Viruses replicated to low titres in MDCK‐Type II cells, suggesting that not all cell types in heterogeneous MDCK cell populations are equally permissive to infection.
Establishing a reference focal plane using beads for trypan‐blue‐based viability measurements
Authors: Peskin Adele , Lund Steven P. , Pierce Laura , Kurbanov Firdavs , Chan Leo Li‐Ying , Halter Michael , Elliott John , Sarkar Sumona , Chalfoun Joe 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTrypan blue dye exclusion‐based cell viability measurements are highly dependent upon image quality and consistency. In order to make measurements repeatable, one must be able to reliably capture images at a consistent focal plane, and with signal‐to‐noise ratio within appropriate limits to support proper execution of image analysis routines. Imaging chambers and imaging systems used for trypan blue analysis can be inconsistent or can drift over time, leading to a need to assure the acquisition of images prior to automated image analysis. Although cell‐based autofocus techniques can be applied, the heterogeneity and complexity of the cell samples can make it difficult to assure the effectiveness, repeatability and accuracy of the routine for each measurement. Instead of auto‐focusing on cells in our images, we add control beads to the images, and use them to repeatedly return to a reference focal plane. We use bead image features that have stable profiles across a wide range of focal values and exposure levels. We created a predictive model based on image quality features computed over reference datasets. Because the beads have little variation, we can determine the reference plane from bead image features computed over a single‐shot image and can reproducibly return to that reference plane with each sample. The achieved accuracy (over 95%) is within the limits of the actuator repeatability. We demonstrate that a small number of beads (less than 3 beads per image) is needed to achieve this accuracy. We have also developed an open‐source Graphical User Interface called Bead Benchmarking‐Focus And Intensity Tool (BB‐FAIT) to implement these methods for a semi‐automated cell viability analyser.
Cicatricial eyebrow restoration using the follicular unit extraction technique
Authors: Sabanciogullarindan Serkan , Tunc Suphan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionCicatricial eyebrow loss that occurs after trauma or burns considerably reduces a person's self‐confidence. Several methods, either surgical or nonsurgical, have been defined to reconstruct eyebrows. This study focused on eyebrow restoration using the atraumatic follicular unit extraction (FUE) technique in patients and emphasized certain details that should be considered during the treatment process. In this study, we discussed the management of 18 cases using this technique and their outcomes with respect to published literature.MethodsThis study examined eyebrow restoration performed using a modified FUE technique in 18 patients who had cicatricial eyebrow loss due to trauma, excised congenital giant nevus, or burns. Moreover, special methods, including platelet‐rich plasma, microneedling, steroid injections, and fat grafting, were used in each patient to increase the odds of graft survival.ResultsAesthetically and functionally satisfactory outcomes were observed along with the appropriate orientation and symmetry of the eyebrows in all patients' follow‐ups. Moreover, patients exhibited increased self‐confidence, and the quality of skin, particularly in the transplantation area, was improved. There was no complication either in the recipient or in the donor site.ConclusionEyebrow restoration using the atraumatic FUE technique should be considered as the first treatment option in cases with cicatricial eyebrow loss as long as an appropriate evaluation and treatment method is followed for each patient.
Temporal lobe epilepsy with or without hippocampal sclerosis: Structural and functional connectivity using advanced MRI techniques
Authors: Lee Dong Ah , Lee Ho‐Joon , Kim Hyung Chan , Park Kang Min 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the differences in structural connectivity based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional connectivity based on arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI between temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients with and without hippocampal sclerosis (HS).MethodsWe enrolled 50 patients with TLE, including 25 patients with HS and 25 patients without HS, who underwent brain MRI, including DTI and ASL. We calculated the network parameters of structural connectivity based on DTI and functional connectivity based on ASL using a graph theoretical analysis. The parameters included global network measures (radius, diameter, characteristic path length, global efficiency, local efficiency, mean clustering coefficient, transitivity, assortative coefficient, and small‐worldness index) and a local network measure (betweenness centrality).ResultsThe global and local network measures of structural connectivity were not different between TLE patients with and without HS. However, significant differences in functional connectivity existed between the two groups. The radius and diameter of the global network measures in the TLE patients with HS were significantly increased compared with those without HS (4.140 vs. 3.140, p = 0.045; 6.812 vs. 5.132, p = 0.049; respectively). No differences were detected between other global network measures of functional connectivity and local network measure.ConclusionsSignificant differences in global network measures of functional connectivity based on ASL existed between TLE patients with and without HS. These findings suggest that TLE patients with HS exhibit a more disconnected functional brain network than those without HS.
Positive and negative urgency as a single coherent construct: Evidence from a large‐scale network analysis in clinical and non‐clinical samples
Authors: Billieux Joël , Heeren Alexandre , Rochat Lucien , Maurage Pierre , Bayard Sophie , Bet Romain , Besche‐Richard Chrystel , Challet‐Bouju Gaëlle , Carré Arnaud , Devos Gaëtan , Flayelle Maèva , Gierski Fabien , Grall‐Bronnec Marie , Kern Laurence , Khazaal Yasser , Lançon Christophe , Lannoy Séverine , Michael George A. , Raffard Stéphane , Romo Lucia , Van der Linden Martial , Wéry Aline , Canale Natale , King Daniel L. , Schimmenti Adriano , Baggio Stéphanie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsNegative and positive urgency are emotion‐related impulsivity traits that are thought to be transdiagnostic factors in psychopathology. However, it has recently been claimed that these two traits are closely related to each other and that considering them separately might have limited conceptual and methodological value. The present study aimed to examine whether positive and negative urgency constructs constitute separate impulsivity traits.MethodsIn contrast to previous studies that have used latent variable approaches, this study employed an item‐based network analysis conducted in two different samples: a large sample of non‐clinical participants (N = 18,568) and a sample of clinical participants with psychiatric disorders (N = 385).ResultsThe network analysis demonstrated that items denoting both positive and negative urgency cohere as a single cluster of items termed “general urgency” in both clinical and non‐clinical samples, thereby suggesting that differentiating positive and negative urgency as separate constructs is not necessary.ConclusionThese findings have important implications for the conceptualization and assessment of urgency and, more broadly, for future research on impulsivity, personality, and psychopathology.
The association between hospital care transition planning and timely primary care follow‐up
Authors: Mitchell Jordan , Probst Janice , Li Xiao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) Care Transitions (CTM‐3) Scores were associated with timely (14‐day) primary care provider (PCP) follow‐up visits, and to look for disparities across various types of urban and rural hospitals.MethodsData were obtained for 3,299 hospitals: 2,000 urban, 544 micropolitan prospective payment system (PPS), 109 micropolitan critical access hospital (CAH), 252 noncore rural PPS, and 394 noncore rural CAH. HCAPPS data were drawn from CMS Hospital Compare (2015). The dependent variable, 14‐day PCP follow‐up rate for each hospital, was drawn from the 2015 Dartmouth Atlas.FindingsIn analysis adjusting only for hospital characteristics, higher CTM‐3 scores were positively associated with PCP follow‐up; however, the relationship was no longer significant after controlling for area‐level (contextual) measures, such as percent minority population, percent unemployed, and percent uninsured. In the fully adjusted model, rates of PCP follow‐up were significantly higher for micropolitan PPS, noncore PPS, and noncore CAH hospitals than for urban hospitals.ConclusionsIn fully adjusted analysis, the lack of significance between CTM‐3 scores and PCP follow‐up suggests that community characteristics facilitate or impede timely PCP follow‐up to an extent that may overshadow in‐hospital efforts. Disparities between CAHs and rural PPS hospitals may be due to differing enrollments in quality incentive plans; future research is needed to address this issue. Compounding this issue, the strong negative relationship between percent Medicaid reimbursement (payor mix) and PCP follow‐up suggests possible disparities for safety net hospitals.
Does credentialism affect the gender wage gap? Evidence from Chile
Authors: Didier Nicolás 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe expansion of higher education across the globe changed the dynamics of social inclusion and exclusion during the last century. As a result of the increase in higher‐education enrollment, societies have reduced social gaps in education and labor. Moreover, higher‐education expansion policies have led to a diversification in the quality of higher‐education institutions and workforce configurations, which has allowed for the increased participation of women in the education and labor market. Evidence on higher‐education expansion has shown only a minor decrease in gender gaps in the labor market. One explanation is the presence of credential market configuration, where degrees signal social status. This research focuses on how educational credentialism affects the gender wage gap, using the CASEN Household Survey of Chile. It aims to assess the effects of a credential on earnings, using a regression framework and data set between 2013 and 2017. The results point to a differential effect of credentials across genders, interpreted as a systematic bias toward human capital pricings, with particular effects on the gender wage gap.
Minor pilins are involved in motility and natural competence in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Authors: Oeser Sabrina , Wallner Thomas , Schuergers Nils , Bučinská Lenka , Sivabalasarma Shamphavi , Bähre Heike , Albers Sonja‐Verena , Wilde Annegret 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCyanobacteria synthesize type IV pili, which are known to be essential for motility, adhesion and natural competence. They consist of long flexible fibers that are primarily composed of the major pilin PilA1 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. In addition, Synechocystis encodes less abundant pilin‐like proteins, which are known as minor pilins. In this study, we show that the minor pilin PilA5 is essential for natural transformation but is dispensable for motility and flocculation. In contrast, a set of minor pilins encoded by the pilA9‐slr2019 transcriptional unit are necessary for motility but are dispensable for natural transformation. Neither pilA5‐pilA6 nor pilA9‐slr2019 are essential for pilus assembly as mutant strains showed type IV pili on the cell surface. Three further gene products with similarity to PilX‐like minor pilins have a function in flocculation of Synechocystis. The results of our study indicate that different minor pilins facilitate distinct pilus functions. Further, our microarray analysis demonstrated that the transcription levels of the minor pilin genes change in response to surface contact. A total of 122 genes were determined to have altered transcription between planktonic and surface growth, including several plasmid genes which are involved exopolysaccharide synthesis and the formation of bloom‐like aggregates.
Genomic insights into molecular adaptation to intertidal environments in the mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum
Authors: Feng Xiao , Li Guohong , Xu Shaohua , Wu Weihong , Chen Qipian , Shao Shao , Liu Min , Wang Nan , Zhong Cairong , He Ziwen , Shi Suhua 
Published: June 2021

Summary

Mangroves have colonised extreme intertidal environments characterised by high salinity, hypoxia and other abiotic stresses. Aegiceras corniculatum, a pioneer mangrove species that has evolved two specialised adaptive traits (salt secretion and crypto‐vivipary) is an attractive ecological model to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation to intertidal environments.

We assembled de novo a high‐quality reference genome of A. corniculatum and performed comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation to intertidal environments.

We provide evidence that A. corniculatum experienced a whole‐genome duplication (WGD) event c. 35 Ma. We infer that maintenance of cellular environmental homeostasis is an important adaptive process in A. corniculatum. The 14‐3‐3 and H+‐ATPase protein‐coding genes, essential for the salt homeostasis, were preferentially retained after the recent WGD event. Using comparative transcriptomics, we show that genes upregulated under high‐salt conditions are involved in salt transport and ROS scavenging. We also found that all homologues of DELAY OF GERMINATION1 (DOG1) had lost their heme‐binding ability in A. corniculatum, and that this may contribute to crypto‐vivipary.

Our study provides insight into the genomic correlates of phenotypic adaptation to intertidal environments. This could contribute not only within the genomics community, but also to the field of plant evolution.
To crush, or not to crush? Unauthorised covert administration of medication in nursing homes
Authors: Garratt Stephanie M. , Jonas Monique F. , Peri Kathryn , Kerse Ngaire 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of nursing home staff and residents of unauthorised covert administration of medication. Prior studies identify that covert medication administration (crushing medication to administer in food or drink) is common in nursing home settings. Still, few recognise that this practice may occur without consultation or clinical authorisation.DesignAn exploratory qualitative study was conducted with nursing home staff and residents as part of a more extensive mixed‐methods study on medication omissions and clinical decision‐making.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study using focus groups and semi‐structured interviews across four geographical areas in New Zealand to better understand nursing home staff and residents' experiences and perspectives on covert administration. Semi‐structured interviews took place with 11 Clinical managers/leads and one senior Registered Nurse; role specific focus groups were held with Registered Nurses (n = 6), Health Care Assistants (n = 14), and Residents (n = 12). Data were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsParticipants described covert administration as a practical option if a nursing home resident refused medication but recognised it was a deception that carried ethical and clinical risks, particularly when unauthorised. Participants felt that unauthorised covert administration stemmed from doubts about residents' competence and the competing demands staff face during medication administration. Staff, who typically relied on advice from their pharmacies around which medications were safe to crush, expressed a need for more education.Conclusions and Implications for practiceThis study provides evidence that unauthorised covert administration of medications is an ongoing practice, using New Zealand nursing homes as an example. The results emphasise that nursing home staff and residents are aware that this practice carries ethical and clinical risks and requires a certified process to legitimise its authorised form.
Herbivore‐induced and constitutive volatiles are controlled by different oxylipin‐dependent mechanisms in rice
Authors: Mujiono Kadis , Tohi Tilisa , Sobhy Islam S. , Hojo Yuko , Shinya Tomonori , Galis Ivan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDespite the importance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for plants, control mechanisms for their basal and stress‐induced biosynthesis and release remain unclear. We sampled and characterized headspace and internal leaf volatile pools in rice (Oryza sativa), after a simulated herbivory treatment, which triggers an endogenous jasmonate burst. Certain volatiles, such as linalool, were strongly upregulated by simulated herbivory stress. In contrast, other volatiles, such as β‐caryophyllene, were constitutively emitted and fluctuated according to time of day. Transcripts of the linalool synthase gene transiently increased 1–3 h after exposure of rice to simulated herbivory, whereas transcripts of caryophyllene synthase peaked independently at dawn. Unexpectedly, although emission and accumulation patterns of rice inducible and constitutive VOCs were substantially different, both groups of volatiles were compromised in jasmonate‐deficient hebiba mutants, which lack the allene oxide cyclase (AOC) gene. This suggests that rice employs at least two distinct oxylipin‐dependent mechanisms downstream of AOC to control production of constitutive and herbivore‐induced volatiles. Levels of the JA precursor, 12‐oxo‐phytodienoic acid (OPDA), were correlated with constitutive volatile levels suggesting that OPDA or its derivatives could be involved in control of volatile emission in rice.