bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractional differentiation and its use in machine learning
Authors: Walasek Rafał , Gajda Janusz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article covers the implementation of fractional (non-integer order) differentiation on real data of four datasets based on stock prices of main international stock indexes: WIG 20, S&P 500, DAX and Nikkei 225. This concept has been proposed by Lopez de Prado [5] to find the most appropriate balance between zero differentiation and fully differentiated time series. The aim is making time series stationary while keeping its memory and predictive power. In addition, this paper compares fractional and classical differentiation in terms of the effectiveness of artificial neural networks. Root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) are employed in this comparison. Our investigations have determined the conclusion that fractional differentiation plays an important role and leads to more accurate predictions in case of ANN.
Upscale fermenter design for lactic acid production from cheese whey permeate focusing on impeller selection and energy optimization
Authors: Mediboyina Maneesh Kumar , Holden Nicholas M. , O’Neill Simon , Routledge Kai , Morrissey Bill , Lawless Fergal , Murphy Fionnuala 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study focusses on the design and scale-up of industrial lactic acid production by fermentation of dairy cheese whey permeate based on standard methodological parameters. The aim was to address the shortcomings of standard scale-up methodologies and provide a framework for fermenter scale-up that enables the accurate estimation of energy consumption by suitable selection of turbine and speed for industrial deployment. Moreover, life cycle assessment (LCA) was carried out to identify the potential impacts and possibilities to reduce the operation associated emissions at an early stage. The findings showed that a 3000 times scale-up strategy assuming constant geometric dimensions and specific energy consumption (P/Vw) resulted in lower impeller speed and energy demand. The Rushton turbine blade (RTB) and LightninA315 four-blade hydrofoil (LA315) were found to have the highest and lowest torque output, respectively, at a similar P/Vw of 2.8 kWm−3, with agitation speeds of 1.33 and 2.5 s−1, respectively. RTB demonstrating lower shear damage towards cells (up to 1.33 s−1) was selected because it permits high torque, low-power and acceptable turbulence. The LCA results showed a strong relation between the number of impellers installed and associated emissions suggesting a trade-off between mixing performance and environmental impacts.
Quantitative study on natural gas production risk of Carboniferous gas reservoir in eastern Sichuan
Authors: Yu Guo , Li Haitao , Chen Yanru , Liu Linqing , Wang Chenyu , Chen Yu , Zhang Dongming 
Published: August 2021

AbstractQuantifying natural gas production risk can help guide natural gas exploration and development in Carboniferous gas reservoirs. In this study, the Monte Carlo probability method is used to obtain the probability distribution and growth curve of each production risk factor and production in a Carboniferous gas reservoir in eastern Sichuan. In addition, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to conduct the sensitivity analysis of the risk factors, and the natural gas production and realization probability under different risk factors are obtained. The research results show that: (1) the risk factor–production growth curve and probability distribution are calculated by the Monte Carlo probability method. The average annual production under the stable production stage under different realization probabilities is obtained. The maximum probability range of annual production is $$\left( {43.43 - 126.35} \right) \times 10^{8} {\text{m}}^{3} /{\text{year}}$$

43.43
-
126.35

×

10
8

m

3

/
year

, and the probability range is 14.59–92.88%. (2) The risk factor sensitivity analysis is significantly affected by the probability interval. In the entire probability interval, the more sensitive risk factors are the average production of the kilometer-deep well (D) and the production rate in the stable production stage (A). During the exploration and development of natural gas, these two risk factors can be adjusted to increase production.
Sustainable adsorption method for the remediation of malachite green dye using nutraceutical industrial fenugreek seed spent
Authors: Taqui Syed Noeman , Mohan C. S.  , Khatoon Bibi Ahmadi , Soudagar Manzoore Elahi M. , Khan T. M. Yunus , Mujtaba M. A. , Ahmed Waqar , Elfasakhany Ashraf , Kumar Ravinder , Pruncu Catalin I. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNutraceutical industrial fenugreek seed spent (NIFGS), a relatively low-cost material abundantly available with nearly negligible toxicity for the bioremediation of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous media, is reported. Studies on the various parameters affecting the adsorption capacity of NIFGS were carried out to evaluate the kinetics and the equilibrium thermodynamics. All the experiments were designed at about pH 7. The adsorption isotherm model proposed by Langmuir fits better than the Freundlich isotherm model. Kinetic study data confirms the viability of pseudo-second-order model. Calculated thermodynamic factors suggest that the adsorption phenomenon is endothermic, almost instantaneous, and physical in nature.
A spark of hope: histopathological and functional recovery after critical COVID-19
Authors: Boehm Anna , Luger Anna K. , Schmitz Katja , Cima Katharina , Patscheider Daniel Hölbling , Augustin Florian , Jakob Lisa Maria , Obermayer Astrid , Weiss Guenter , Stoiber Walter , Widmann Gerlig , Loeffler-Ragg Judith 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND
There are substantial concerns about fibrotic and vascular pulmonary sequelae after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).AQ1 Histopathology reports of lung biopsies from COVID-19 survivors are scarce.

CASE
We herein report results of functional and histopathological studies in a 70 year-old man undergoing a co-incidental tumor lobectomy six months after long-term mechanical ventilation for COVID-19 pneumonia.

CONCLUSION
Despite several unfavorable risk factors, this case presentation shows a completed pulmonary recovery process within a few months.
A noise-based privacy preserving model for Internet of Things
Authors: Jain Shelendra Kumar , Kesswani Nishtha 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith the ever-increasing number of devices, the Internet of Things facilitates the connection between the devices in the hyper-connected world. As the number of interconnected devices increases, sensitive data disclosure becomes an important issue that needs to be addressed. In order to prevent the disclosure of sensitive data, effective and feasible privacy preservation strategies are necessary. A noise-based privacy-preserving model has been proposed in this article. The components of the noise-based privacy-preserving model include Multilevel Noise Treatment for data collection; user preferences-based data classifier to classify sensitive and non-sensitive data; Noise Removal and Fuzzification Mechanism for data access and user-customized privacy preservation mechanism. Experiments have been conducted to evaluate the performance and feasibility of the proposed model. The results have been compared with existing approaches. The experimental results show an improvement in the proposed noise-based privacy-preserving model in terms of computational overhead. The comparative analysis indicates that the proposed model without the fuzzifier has around 52–77% less computational overhead than the Data access control scheme and 46–70% less computational overhead compared to the Dynamic Privacy Protection model. The proposed model with the fuzzifier has around 48–73% less computational overhead compared to the Data access control scheme and 31–63% less computational overhead compared to the Dynamic Privacy Protection model. Furthermore, the privacy analysis has been done with the relevant approaches. The results indicate that the proposed model can customize privacy as per the users’ preferences and at the same time takes less execution time which reduces the overhead on the resource constraint IoT devices.
A world beyond double-helical nucleic acids: the structural diversity of tetra-stranded G-quadruplexes
Authors: Weisz Klaus 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNucleic acids can adopt various secondary structures including double-, triple-, and tetra-stranded helices that differ by the specific hydrogen bond mediated pairing pattern between their nucleobase constituents. Whereas double-helical DNA relies on Watson–Crick base pairing to play a prominent role in storing genetic information, G-quadruplexes are tetra-stranded structures that are formed by the association of guanine bases from G-rich DNA and RNA sequences. During the last few decades, G-quadruplexes have attracted considerable interest after the realization that they form and exert regulatory functions in vivo. In addition, quadruplex architectures have also been recognized as versatile and powerful tools in a growing number of technological applications. To appreciate the astonishing structural diversity of these tetra-stranded structures and to give some insight into basic interactions that govern their folding, this article gives an overview of quadruplex structures and rules associated with the formation of different topologies. A brief discussion will also focus on nonconventional quadruplexes as well as on general principles when targeting quadruplexes with ligands.
Graphic abstract
Smart Sustainable Cities of the New Millennium: Towards Design for Nature
Authors: Catalano Chiara , Meslec Mihaela , Boileau Jules , Guarino Riccardo , Aurich Isabella , Baumann Nathalie , Chartier Frédéric , Dalix Pascale , Deramond Sophie , Laube Patrick , Lee Angela Ka Ki , Ochsner Pascal , Pasturel Marine , Soret Marie , Moulherat Sylvain 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUrban environments consist of a mosaic of natural fragments, planned and unintentional habitats hosting both introduced and spontaneous species. The latter group exploits abandoned and degraded urban niches which, in the case of plants, form what is called thethird landscape. In the Anthropocene, cities, open spaces and buildings must be planned and designed considering not only human needs but also those of other living organisms. The scientific approach of habitat sharing is defined asreconciliation ecology, whilst the action of implementing the ecosystem services and functioning of such anthropogenic habitats is calledUrban Rehabilitation. However, urban development still represents the main cause of biodiversity loss worldwide. Yet, the approach of planners and landscape architects highly diverges from that of ecologists and scientists on how to perceive, define and design urban green and blue infrastructure. For instance, designers focus on the positive impact thatnature(generally associated with indoor and outdoor greeneries) has onhumanwell-being, often neglecting ecosystems’ health. Instead, considering the negative impact of any form of development and to achieve theno net lossAichi’s objectives, conservationists apply mitigation hierarchy policies to avoid or reduce the impact and to offset biodiversity. The rationale of this review paper is to set the fundamentals for a multidisciplinary design framework tackling the issue of biodiversity loss in the urban environment bydesign for nature. The method focuses on the building/city/landscape scales and is enabled by emerging digital technologies, i.e., geographic information systems, building information modelling, ecological simulation and computational design.
ON THE INSTABILITY OF PERIODIC WAVES FOR DISPERSIVE EQUATIONS—REVISITED
Authors: NATALI FÁBIO , AMARAL SABRINA 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present an extension of the results in [8]. We establish a more general proof for the moving kernel formula to prove the spectral stability of periodic traveling wave solutions for the regularized Benjamin–Bona–Mahony type equations. As applications of our analysis, we show the spectral instability for the quintic Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation and the spectral (orbital) stability for the regularized Benjamin–Ono equation.
A month for the mission: using a sentinel approach to determine the transmission window of digenean cercariae in the subarctic White Sea
Authors: Nikolaev Kirill E. , Levakin Ivan A. , Galaktionov Kirill V. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the digenean life cycle the cercaria ensures an important transmission stage, from the first intermediate host to the second or the definitive host. In regions with pronounced seasonality, this process occurs within a certain interval, the transmission window. In high latitudes, the size of transmission window has previously been determined only by comparing data on seasonal dynamics of infection level in various categories of hosts or extrapolating the results of laboratory experiments on cercarial biology to natural conditions. In this study, we evaluated the dynamics of infection of the second intermediate hosts (mussels Mytilus edulis) with cercariae of two digenean species, Himasthla elongata (Himasthlidae) and Cercaria parvicaudata (Renicolidae), at a littoral site at the White Sea by exposing cages with uninfected mussels during the warm season. This is the first such study in a subarctic sea. Mussel infection was observed from May to mid-September, but its intensity was the greatest only for approximately a month, from some moment after 10 July to mid-August, when water temperature was within the optimal range for cercarial emergence in both studied species (15‒20°C). During this time, the mussels accumulated 66.3 ± 6.2% metacercariae of H. elongata and 79.7 ± 5.3% metacercariae of C. parvicaudata out of the total number accumulated during the experimental period. We suggest that climate warming at high latitudes may prolong the period when the water temperatures are optimal for cercariae emergence, thereby intensifying digenean transmission in coastal ecosystems.
Disentangling heterogeneity of psychosis expression in the general population: sex-specific moderation effects of environmental risk factors on symptom networks
Authors: Betz Linda T. , Penzel Nora , Rosen Marlene , Bhui Kamaldeep , Upthegrove Rachel , Kambeitz Joseph 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPsychosis expression in the general population may reflect a behavioral manifestation of the risk for psychotic disorder. It can be conceptualized as an interconnected system of psychotic and affective experiences; a so-called ‘symptom network’. Differences in demographics, as well as exposure to adversities and risk factors, may produce substantial heterogeneity in symptom networks, highlighting potential etiological divergence in psychosis risk.MethodsTo explore this idea in a data-driven way, we employed a novel recursive partitioning approach in the 2007 English National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity (N = 7242). We sought to identify ‘network phenotypes’ by explaining heterogeneity in symptom networks through potential moderators, including age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, childhood abuse, separation from parents, bullying, domestic violence, cannabis use, and alcohol.ResultsSex was the primary source of heterogeneity in symptom networks. Additional heterogeneity was explained by interpersonal trauma (childhood abuse and domestic violence) in women and domestic violence, cannabis use, ethnicity in men. Among women, especially those exposed to early interpersonal trauma, an affective loading within psychosis may have distinct relevance. Men, particularly those from minority ethnic groups, demonstrated a strong network connection between hallucinatory experiences and persecutory ideation.ConclusionSymptom networks of psychosis expression in the general population are highly heterogeneous. The structure of symptom networks seems to reflect distinct sex-related adversities, etiologies, and mechanisms of symptom-expression. Disentangling the complex interplay of sex, minority ethnic group status, and other risk factors may help optimize early intervention and prevention strategies in psychosis.
How categorization impacts the design of requests: Asking for email addresses in call-centre interactions
Authors: Flinkfeldt Marie , Parslow Sophie , Stokoe Elizabeth 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMarketing research shows that organizations tailor communication for particular customer ‘segments’, but little is known about the live design of interaction for different categories. To investigate this, we examine telephone calls to a holiday sales call-centre (for ‘seniors’) and a university admissions call-centre (for ‘young’ students). While topically different, call-takers in both datasets requested callers’ email addresses in order to progress service. Using conversation analysis, we examine how these requests were designed, where and how ‘age’ was made relevant, and how subsequent service provision was handled in a way that matched callers’ presumed age categories. Contrastive to the static notion of ‘segments’, we show how recipient design is bound up with categorial considerations while being responsive to the live unfolding of actual interaction. The article demonstrates how a comparative collection-based approach can be used to analyse the relevance of social categories in situations where this is implicit or ambiguous. (Membership categorization, customer segmentation, conversation analysis, recipient design, requests, age)*
How Do Non-Catastrophic Natural Disasters Impact Middle-Aged-to-Older Persons? Using Baseline Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging Data to Explore Psychological Outcomes Associated with the 2013 Calgary Flood
Authors: Norberg Samantha J. , Toohey Ann M. , Hogan David B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to identify group-level health outcomes associated with the 2013 Calgary flood on Calgary participants (45–85 years of age) in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). We compared baseline CLSA data collected on Calgary participants during the 6 months prior to and following the flood. Logistic regression models were created to explore whether select psychological outcomes were associated with the flood for participants categorized by evacuation status. Participants living in evacuated communities pre-flood had significantly lower levels of a diagnosed anxiety disorder than non-evacuated communities, which disappeared post-flood. Participants with higher household income were less likely to have post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, worse self-rated mental health, and lower life satisfaction post-flood. Living alone reduced and female gender increased levels of perceived functional social support post-flood. Although natural disasters can shape research findings, the scope of the data being collected and the representativeness of impacted groups may challenge the ability to detect subtle impacts.
L2 word recognition in French–English late bilinguals: Does modality matter?
Authors: Cornut Camille , Mahé Gwendoline , Casalis Séverine 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Research in second language (L2) learning often considers one modality only during task completion. It is unclear if L2 performance is as accurate whatever the modality. L2 learning at school is characterized by a predominance of written materials. One might expect written L2 word recognition to be more accurate than spoken one. This modality effect could also depend on L2 proficiency and the presence of cognate items, closer orthographically than phonologically for most language pairs. Two experiments were conducted with 50 intermediate proficiency French–English bilinguals. Experiment 1 highlighted this modality effect on accuracy and a session effect reflecting a benefit from oral to written modality on latency. In Experiment 2, which included both cognate and non-cognate words, modality effect was even stronger for cognate words and cognate effect depended on modality. In both experiments, these effects depend on L2 proficiency. These findings are discussed according to bilingual word recognition models.
Developing neck circumference growth reference charts for Pakistani children and adolescents using the lambda–mu–sigma and quantile regression method
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Aslam Muhammad , Khan Saadia , Altaf Saima , Ahmad Shakeel , Qasim Muhammad , Ali Hamza , Wyszyńska Justyna 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjective:Neck circumference (NC) is currently used as an embryonic marker of obesity and its associated risks. But its use in clinical evaluations and other epidemiological purposes requires sex and age-specific standardised cut-offs which are still scarce for the Pakistani paediatric population. We therefore developed sex and age-specific growth reference charts for NC for Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years.Design:Cross-sectional multi-ethnic anthropometric survey (MEAS) study.Setting:Multan, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Islamabad.Participants:The dataset of 10 668 healthy Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years collected in MEAS were used. Information related to age, sex and NC were taken as study variables. The lambda–mu–sigma (LMS) and quantile regression (QR) methods were applied to develop growth reference charts for NC.Results:The 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th smoothed percentile values of NC were presented. The centile values showed that neck size increased with age in both boys and girls. During 8 and 14 years of age, girls were found to have larger NC than boys. A comparison of NC median (50th) percentile values with references from Iranian and Turkish populations reveals substantially lower NC percentiles in Pakistani children and adolescents compared to their peers in the reference population.Conclusion:The comparative results suggest that the uses of NC references of developed countries are inadequate for Pakistani children. A small variability between empirical centiles and centiles obtained by QR procedure recommends that growth charts should be constructed by QR as an alternative method.
SPECTRALLY ACCURATE OPTION PRICING UNDER THE TIME-FRACTIONAL BLACK–SCHOLES MODEL
Authors: TOUR GERALDINE , THAKOOR NAWDHA , TANGMAN DÉSIRÉ YANNICK 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe propose a Legendre–Laguerre spectral approximation to price the European and double barrier options in the time-fractional framework. By choosing an appropriate basis function, the spectral discretization is used for the approximation of the spatial derivatives of the time-fractional Black–Scholes equation. For the time discretization, we consider the popular$L1$finite difference approximation, which converges with order$\mathcal {O}((\Delta \tau )^{2-\alpha })$for functions which are twice continuously differentiable. However, when using the$L1$scheme for problems with nonsmooth initial data, only the first-order accuracy in time is achieved. This low-order accuracy is also observed when solving the time-fractional Black–Scholes European and barrier option pricing problems for which the payoffs are all nonsmooth. To increase the temporal convergence rate, we therefore consider a Richardson extrapolation method, which when combined with the spectral approximation in space, exhibits higher order convergence such that high accuracies over the whole discretization grid are obtained. Compared with the traditional finite difference scheme, numerical examples clearly indicate that the spectral approximation converges exponentially over a small number of grid points. Also, as demonstrated, such high accuracies can be achieved in much fewer time steps using the extrapolation approach.