bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authoethnography in the study of football fan culture. Theoretical and methodological reflections by way of football rivarly research
Authors: Dmowski Seweryn , Załęski Piotr 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article reflects on the use of autoethnography in researching football fan culture. It identifies the benefits and challenges of using autoethnography as a strategy and a research method for understanding football fan culture. Despite numerous examples of the use of autoethnography in football research, including supporter studies, it has yet to be considered from a strictly theoretical perspective on the methodological dilemmas of the researcher–football fan. The article critically analyses the entire process of autoethnographic research, which led to the conceptualisation of a research project on perceptions of football competitions. This paper is the result of a clash between a junior scientist’s original research concept and a more experienced ethnographic researcher’s critical approach and reflects the discussion between them. The authors believe that the conclusions reached may be helpful for researchers in the field of humanities and social sciences considering using autoethnography in their research.
Association of overweight, obesity and insufficient sleep duration and related lifestyle factors among school children and adolescents
Authors: Almulla Aisha Abdalla , Zoubeidi Taoufik 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity and Insufficient Sleep Duration (ISD) and to investigate their relationship with related lifestyle factors among school-aged students. Obesity in childhood and adolescence is a serious health concern as it may have long term risk for overweight and obesity in adulthood.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of 1,611 students aged between 10 and 18 years from Al Ain city, United Arab Emirates. Data were collected using a multistage stratified random sampling method using a validated questionnaire and the level of significance was set at p<0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity was 42.4%. ISD was 36.6% among students. Higher BMI was significantly related to being a male and inactive (95% CI=0.03–0.23), daily coffee consumption (95% CI=0.03–0.1), older age (95% CI=0.01–0.02), less average sleep duration (95% CI=−0.02 to −0.003) and spending more time on TV/videogames (95% CI=0.01–0.07). The likelihood of ISD was significantly lower among students who consumed breakfast daily (OR=0.58, 95% CI=0.41–0.83), spent less time on smart devices (OR=0.63, 95% CI=0.47–0.84), and never consumed energy drinks or soft drinks (OR=2.64, 95% CI=1.13–6.16, OR=2.02, 95% CI=1.24–3.29, respectively).ConclusionsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-aged students is high. ISD and related lifestyle factors are significantly associated with overweight and obesity. Study findings emphasize the need to address and implement successful strategies for a healthy lifestyle starting from early childhood to combat the increasing rates of overweight and obesity in adulthood.
A rate-of-change-of-current based fault classification technique for thyristor-controlled series-compensated transmission lines
Authors: Kothari Nishant H. , Bhalja Bhavesh R. , Pandya Vivek , Tripathi Pushkar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a new fault classification technique for Thyristor-Controlled Series-Compensated (TCSC) transmission lines using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The proposed technique is based on the utilization of post-fault magnitude of Rate-of-Change-of-Current (ROCC). Fault classification has been carried out by giving ROCC of three-phases and zero sequence current as inputs to SVM classifier. The performance of SVM as a binary-class, and multi-class classifier has been evaluated for the proposed feature. The validity of the suggested technique has been tested by modeling a TCSC based 400 kV, 300 km long transmission line using PSCAD/EMTDC software package. Based on the above model, a large number of diversified fault cases (41,220 cases) have been generated by varying fault and system parameters. The effect of window length, current transformer (CT) saturation, noise-signal, and sampling frequency have also been studied. It has been found that the proposed technique provides an accuracy of 99.98% for 37,620 test cases. Moreover, the performance of the suggested technique has also been found to be consistent upon evaluating in a 12-bus power system model consisting of a 365 kV, 60 Hz, 300 km long TCSC line. Comparative evaluation of the proposed SVM based technique with other recent techniques clearly indicates its superiority in terms of fault classification accuracy.
On the border of the amyloidogenic sequences: prefix analysis of the parallel beta sheets in the PDB_Amyloid collection
Authors: Takács Kristóf , Grolmusz Vince 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Protein Data Bank (PDB) today contains more than 174,000 entries with the 3-dimensional structures of biological macromolecules. Using the rich resources of this repository, it is possible identifying subsets with specific, interesting properties for different applications. Our research group prepared an automatically updated list of amyloid- and probably amyloidogenic molecules, the PDB_Amyloid collection, which is freely available at the address http://pitgroup.org/amyloid. This resource applies exclusively the geometric properties of the steric structures for identifying amyloids. In the present contribution, we analyze the starting (i.e., prefix) subsequences of the characteristic, parallel beta-sheets of the structures in the PDB_Amyloid collection, and identify further appearances of these length-5 prefix subsequences in the whole PDB data set. We have identified this way numerous proteins, whose normal or irregular functions involve amyloid formation, structural misfolding, or anti-coagulant properties, simply by containing these prefixes: including the T-cell receptor (TCR), bound with the major histocompatibility complexes MHC-1 and MHC-2; the p53 tumor suppressor protein; a mycobacterial RNA polymerase transcription initialization complex; the human bridging integrator protein BIN-1; and the tick anti-coagulant peptide TAP.
Baring the bones: the lexico-semantic association of bone with strength in Melanesia and the study of colexification
Authors: Schapper Antoinette 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article I demonstrate that there is a pervasive lexico-semantic associationbones are strengthin the languages of Melanesia, but that its linguistic expression is highly varied; languages are scattered along a lexical-to-clausal cline in their expression of the association between bone and strength, with a large number of language-specific idioms based on the association to be observed in Melanesia. I argue that the striking areality of this lexico-semantic association is readily missed in top-down approaches to lexical semantic typology that rely, for instance, on databases of word lists, or on narrow search domains limited to the meanings of simplex lexemes.
Using hidden Markov models to find discrete targets in continuous sociophonetic data
Authors: Duncan Daniel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAdvances in sociophonetic research resulted in features once sorted into discrete bins now being measured continuously. This has implied a shift in what sociolinguists view as the abstract representation of the sociolinguistic variable. When measured discretely, variation is variation in selection: one variant is selected for production, and factors influencing language variation and change are influencing the frequency at which variants are selected. Measured continuously, variation is variation in execution: speakers have a single target for production, which they approximate with varying success. This paper suggests that both approaches can and should be considered in sociophonetic analysis. To that end, I offer the use of hidden Markov models (HMMs) as a novel approach to find speakers’ multiple targets within continuous data. Using thelotvowel among whites in Greater St. Louis as a case study, I compare 2-state and 1-state HMMs constructed at the individual speaker level. Ten of fifty-two speakers’ production is shown to involve the regular use of distinct fronted and backed variants of the vowel. This finding illustrates HMMs’ capacity to allow us to consider variation as both variant selection and execution, making them a useful tool in the analysis of sociophonetic data.
Sounds like a dynamic system: a unifying approach to Language
Authors: Sowers-Wills Sara 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhile nativist linguistic theory readily captures the regular processes of adult language, it struggles to account for often-unwieldy data collected from children. Any theory of language must house both the predictable and unpredictable turns a linguistic system takes. Some usage-based theories make strides in accounting for connections between multiple linguistic factors contributing to linguistic representation. Dynamic systems theory (DST) is capable of describing the interaction between numerous factors both linguistic and extra-linguistic. Grounded in embodiment, DST accounts for continuity between bodily and cognitive processes, which together are crucial in understanding the development of language. Conceptualizing systems as self-organizing, DST allows for the emergence of novel forms alongside the predictable. Furthermore, DST explains both continuity between unexpected child forms and eventual target forms and also apparent discontinuity that gives the illusion of discrete developmental stages. To illustrate the advantages of DST in describing language processes, this paper presents data from one American English-acquiring child, which comes from a larger study investigating phonological development beginning at the onset of word production. The data demonstrate the role of phonological templates in development as part of a dynamic system, entailing the interaction between developing phonological categories, lexical representation, and linguistic environment.
Use of photoimmunoconjugates to characterize ABCB1 in cancer cells
Authors: Liang Barry J. , Lusvarghi Sabrina , Ambudkar Suresh V. , Huang Huang-Chiao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Accurate detection of ATP-binding cassette drug transporter ABCB1 expression is imperative for precise identification of drug-resistant tumors. Existing detection methods fail to provide the necessary molecular details regarding the functional state of the transporter. Photoimmunoconjugates are a unique class of antibody–dye conjugates for molecular diagnosis and therapeutic treatment. However, conjugating hydrophobic photosensitizers to hydrophilic antibodies is quite challenging. Here, we devise a photoimmunoconjugate that combines a clinically approved benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) photosensitizer and the conformational-sensitive UIC2 monoclonal antibody to target functionally active human ABCB1 (i.e., ABCB1 in the inward-open conformation). We show that PEGylation of UIC2 enhances the BPD conjugation efficiency and reduces the amount of non-covalently conjugated BPD molecules by 17%. Size exclusion chromatography effectively separates the different molecular weight species found in the UIC2–BPD sample. The binding of UIC2–BPD to ABCB1 was demonstrated in lipidic nanodiscs and ABCB1-overexpressing triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. UIC2–BPD was found to retain the conformation sensitivity of UIC2, as the addition of ABCB1 modulators increases the antibody reactivity in vitro. Thus, the inherent fluorescence capability of BPD can be used to label ABCB1-overexpressing TNBC cells using UIC2–BPD. Our findings provide insight into conjugation of hydrophobic photosensitizers to conformation-sensitive antibodies to target proteins expressed on the surface of cancer cells.
Nigeria: Is There an Environmental Kuznets Curve for Fluorinated Gases?
Authors: Okon Emmanuel O. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The environmental Kuznets curve is a relationship between various indicators of environmental degradation and income per capita. Empirical studies have produced mixed results concerning Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis given the different indicators of environmental degradation used. But there has not been any validation of Environmental Kuznets Curve for powerful greenhouse gases like fluorinated gases that have a global warming effect up to 23 000 times greater than carbon dioxide (CO2), and their emissions are rising strongly. This paper aimed to test the applicability of the Environmental Kuznets Curve in Nigeria from 1970-2018 by deploying the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag methodology, the bounds test shows that there’s a long-run equilibrium relationship between Gross Domestic Product per capita, square of Gross Domestic Product per capita, alternative and nuclear energy, combustible renewable and waste, and adjusted savings: net forest depletion. Nonetheless, the results do not support the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis both in the short-run and long-run and inverted U-shaped relationship was not found between fluorinated greenhouse gas emissions and growth in Nigeria. However, adopting fluorinated gas recycling and destruction processes, optimizing production to minimize emissions, and replacing these gases with alternatives are suggested for industrial users.
Metallography and Biomimetics – Or New Surfaces Without Chemistry?
Authors: Fox T. , Lößlein S. M. , Müller D. W. , Mücklich F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Fingerprints, a butterfly’s wings, or a lotus leaf: when it comes to surfaces, there is no such thing as coincidence in animated nature. Based on their surfaces, animals and plants control their wettability, their swimming resistance, their appearance, and much more. Evolution has optimized these surfaces and developed a microstructure that fits every need. It is all the more astonishing that, with regard to technical surfaces, man confines himself to random roughnesses or “smooth” surfaces. It is surely not a problem of a lack of incentives: structured surfaces have already provided evidence of optimizing friction and wear [1, 2, 3, 4], improving electrical contacts [5, 6], making implants biocompatible [7, 8], keeping away harmful bacteria [9], and much more. How come we continue counting on grinding, polishing, sandblasting, or etching? As so often, the problem can be found in economic cost effectiveness. It is possible to produce interesting structures such as those of the feather in Fig. 1. However, generating fine structures in the micro and nanometer range usually requires precise processing techniques. This is complex, time-consuming, and cannot readily be integrated into a manufacturing process. Things are different with Direct Laser Interference Patterning, DLIP) [10, 11]. This method makes use of the strong interference pattern of overlapped laser beams as a “stamp” to provide an entire surface area with dots, lines, or other patterns – in one shot. It thus saves time, allows for patterning speeds of up to 1 m2/min and does it without an elaborate pre- or post-treatment [10, 12]. The following article intends to outline how the method works, which structures can be generated, and how the complex multi-scale structures that nature developed over millions of years can be replicated in only one step.
Sassy Sasha?: The intersectionality of (im)politeness and sociolinguistics
Authors: Troutman Denise 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on intersections of race, gender, class, and (im)politeness within the African American speech community (AASC). Although general linguistic theorizing aims at universalizing (im)politeness, ultimately identifying common components within human (im)politeness systems worldwide, African American perspectives have not been interjected within that broader theorizing. Thus, I examine (im)politeness from the perspective of African Americans with a focus on females’ linguistic and nonlinguistic behaviors. A plethora of work examines, challenges, and refutes stereotypical gender. I explore facets of the stereotypical, particularly as applied to Black females with the aim of broadening understandings of (im)politeness based on cultural variation. Specifically, I examine sassy as a social construct when applied to Black women in U.S. contexts, especially two Black women’s online assessments of sassy performativity by Sasha Obama, as a vehicle for allowing Black women’s voices and experiences to enter into theory-making. The analysis is interpretative and idiographic. The two African American women bloggers’ words and meanings suggest that (im)politeness within the AASC resides in sociolinguistics, not pragmatics. As a result of the analysis, I suggest that (im)politeness theorizing could pay attention to the social embodiedness of human polite and impolite behaviors. This, in part, constitutes the sociolinguistics of (im)politeness.
The energy absorption behavior of novel composite sandwich structures reinforced with trapezoidal latticed webs
Authors: Han Juan , Zhu Lu , Fang Hai , Wang Jian , Wu Peng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article proposed an innovative composite sandwich structure reinforced with trapezoidal latticed webs with angles of 45°, 60° and 75°. Four specimens were conducted according to quasi-static compression methods to investigate the compressive behavior of the novel composite structures. The experimental results indicated that the specimen with 45° trapezoidal latticed webs showed the most excellent energy absorption ability, which was about 2.5 times of the structures with vertical latticed webs. Compared to the traditional composite sandwich structure, the elastic displacement and ultimate load-bearing capacity of the specimen with 45° trapezoidal latticed webs were increased by 624.1 and 439.8%, respectively. Numerical analysis of the composite sandwich structures was carried out by using a nonlinear explicit finite element (FE) software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The influence of the thickness of face sheets, lattice webs and foam density on the elastic ultimate load-bearing capacity, the elastic displacement and initial stiffness was analyzed. This innovative composite bumper device for bridge pier protection against ship collision was simulated to verify its performance. The results showed that the peak impact force of the composite anti-collision device with 45° trapezoidal latticed webs would be reduced by 17.3%, and the time duration will be prolonged by about 31.1%.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL DAN CD â€œBELADAâ€ UNTUK BERNYANYI LAGU DAERAH SISWA KELAS III
Authors: Khatrisnantyas Tunjung Arum 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar, mengetahui kelayakan serta keefektifan Modul dan CD Belada dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keterampilan bernyanyi lagu daerah siswa kelas III di SD Negeri Pudakpayung 02 Kota Semarang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan metode penelitian menurut Sugiyono. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes, unjuk kerja, observasi, wawancara. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase dari ahli materi 93,2% dengan kriteria sangat layak dan ahli media 87,5% dengan kriteria sangat layak. Rata-rata hasil belajar kognitif siswa meningkat 60,64 menjadi 79,67. Sedangkan rata-rata hasil belajar psikomotorik siswa meningkat 62,09 menjadi 80,96. N-gain yang keseluruhan aspeknya berada pada kriteria sedang. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah menambah bahan ajar baru, membantu guru dalam mengajarkan lagu daerah dan membantu siswa dalam meningkatkan pemahaman serta keterampilan dalam bernyanyi lagu daerah. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan Modul dan CD Belada efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keterampilan bernyanyi lagu daerah siswa.
This study aimed to develop teaching module, determine the viability and effectiveness of the Belada Module and CD in improving learning outcomes and singing skills of third grade students at Pudakpayung 02 Elementary School Semarang City. The type of this research was Research and Development with the research method according to Sugiyono. The data collection techniques used test techniques, performance, observation, interviews. The results showed that the percentage of content expert was 93.2% with very viable criteria and 87.5% from media expert with very viable criteria. The average of students' cognitive learning outcomes increased from 60.64 to 79.67. While the average of students' psychomotor learning outcomes increased from 62.09 to 80.96. N-gain showed all aspects were in moderate criteria. The conclusion of this research was "Belada" module and CD was effectively used to improve learning outcomes and students' singing skills. The benefits of this research were facilitating teaching module, assisting teachers in teaching folk songs and helping students improve their understanding and skills in singing folk songs.
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI DAN DISIPLIN BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MUPEL PJOK
Authors: Nasihah Zahrotun 
Published: July 2021

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji adanya hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara motivasi dan disiplin belajar dengan hasil belajar Mupel PJOK pada siswa kelas V SDN Gugus Larasati Kecamatan Gunungpati Semarang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif jenis korelasi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik sampel jenuh sejumlah 119 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Uji instrumen dilakukan dengan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistic deskriptif dan analisis product moment. Hasil analisis data dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara motivasi dan disiplin belajar mupel PJOK, nilai r hitung =0,743 dan termasuk kategori kuat serta berkontribusi sebesar 55,1 %. Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu adanya hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara motivasi dan disiplin belajar dengan hasil belajar Mupel PJOK siswa kelas V SDN Gugus Larasati Kecamatan Gunungpati Semarang.
The purpose of this study was to examine the existence of a positive and significant correlation between motivation and learning discipline towards outcomes of sport and physical learning to the fifth grade students of the Larasati Elementary School Cluster, Gunungpati, Semarang. This research was a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used saturated sampling of 119 students. The data collection techniques were questionnaires, observation, interviews, and documentation. The instrument test used validity and reliability test. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive statistical analysis and product moment correlation analysis. The results of data analysis in this study showed that there was a positive and significant correlations between motivation and learning discipline and sport science learning outcomes, Rcount =0.743, and included in a strong category and contributes 55,1%. The conclusion of this study there was a positive and significant correlation between motivation and learning discipline towards outcomes of sport and physical learning at fifth grade students of the Larasati Elementary School Cluster, Gunungpati, Semarang.