bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ensemble machine learning model based on multiple filtering and supervised attribute clustering algorithm for classifying cancer samples
Authors: Bose Shilpi , Das Chandra , Banerjee Abhik , Ghosh Kuntal , Chattopadhyay Matangini , Chattopadhyay Samiran , Barik Aishwarya 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundMachine learning is one kind of machine intelligence technique that learns from data and detects inherent patterns from large, complex datasets. Due to this capability, machine learning techniques are widely used in medical applications, especially where large-scale genomic and proteomic data are used. Cancer classification based on bio-molecular profiling data is a very important topic for medical applications since it improves the diagnostic accuracy of cancer and enables a successful culmination of cancer treatments. Hence, machine learning techniques are widely used in cancer detection and prognosis.MethodsIn this article, a new ensemble machine learning classification model named Multiple Filtering and Supervised Attribute Clustering algorithm based Ensemble Classification model (MFSAC-EC) is proposed which can handle class imbalance problem and high dimensionality of microarray datasets. This model first generates a number of bootstrapped datasets from the original training data where the oversampling procedure is applied to handle the class imbalance problem. The proposed MFSAC method is then applied to each of these bootstrapped datasets to generate sub-datasets, each of which contains a subset of the most relevant/informative attributes of the original dataset. The MFSAC method is a feature selection technique combining multiple filters with a new supervised attribute clustering algorithm. Then for every sub-dataset, a base classifier is constructed separately, and finally, the predictive accuracy of these base classifiers is combined using the majority voting technique forming the MFSAC-based ensemble classifier. Also, a number of most informative attributes are selected as important features based on their frequency of occurrence in these sub-datasets.ResultsTo assess the performance of the proposed MFSAC-EC model, it is applied on different high-dimensional microarray gene expression datasets for cancer sample classification. The proposed model is compared with well-known existing models to establish its effectiveness with respect to other models. From the experimental results, it has been found that the generalization performance/testing accuracy of the proposed classifier is significantly better compared to other well-known existing models. Apart from that, it has been also found that the proposed model can identify many important attributes/biomarker genes.
DNMT family induces down-regulation of NDRG1 via DNA methylation and clinicopathological significance in gastric cancer
Authors: Chang Xiaojing , Ma Jinguo , Xue Xiaoying , Wang Guohui , Yan Tianfang , Su Linlin , Han Xuetao , Zhou Huandi , Hou Liubing 
Published: September 2021

Background
Aberrant DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes is a common event in the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC). Our previous study showed NDRG1, which could suppress cell invasion and migration, was frequently down-regulated by DNA methylation of its promoter in GC.

Purpose and Methods
To analyze the relationship between the expression and DNA methylation of NDRG1 and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family. We performed a comprehensive comparison analysis using 407 patients including sequencing analysis data of GC from TCGA.

Results
NDRG1 was down-regulated in GC, and was negatively correlative to DNMT1 (r = −0.11, p = 0.03), DNMT3A (r = −0.10, p = 0.01), DNMT3B (r = −0.01, p = 0.88), respectively, whereas the DNA methylation of NDRG1 was positively correlative to DNMT family (DNMT1 r = 0.20, p < 0.01; DNMT3A r = 0.26, p < 0.001; DNMT3B r = 0.03, p = 0.57, respectively). NDRG1 expression was significantly inverse correlated with invasion depth (p = 0.023), but DNMT1 was significantly positive correlated with invasion depth (p = 0.049). DNMT3B was significantly correlated with the degree of tumor cell differentiation (p = 0.030). However, there was no association between the expression of DNMT3A and clinicopathological features. The KM plotter showed that NDRG1 (HR = 0.95, 95% CI [0.8–1.12], p = 0.53) and DNMT1 (HR = 1.04, 95% CI [0.88–1.23], p = 0.67) had no association with prognosis of GC patients, while, DNMT3A (p = 0.0064) and DNMT3B (p = 0.00025) displayed significantly association. But the overall survival of high expression of NDRG1 tended to be prolonged.

Conclusion
These data suggest that down-regulation of NDRG1expression in GC may be due to its promoter DNA methylation via DNMT family. The demethylating agent maybe a potential target drug for GC patients.
Prospects of Livelihood Enhancement through SHGs in Fisheries Sector of Kashmir Region
Authors: Malik Rizwana , Kirmani Mudasir M. 
Published: September 2021

The development of fishing community in general and fisherwoman community in particular has been the need of the hour in view of different developmental programmes initiated by governmental and non-governmental organization across the valley. The research work envisaging the applicability of self-help groups (SHGs) in fishing community was designed and undertaken suggest strategies for development of SHGs among fishers. The research study was carried out in Tailbal area of district Srinagar of Kashmir region in Jammu and Kashmir. The Tailbal area comprises of 200 fisher households having an approximate population of 1000 people. The sample used in the research work constituted of 100 fisherwomen and a pre-tested interview schedule was administered to get the responses from the respondents. During the course of study fisherwomen were comprehensively interviewed in order to get an insight into their interest and attitude towards formation of SHGs. The results revealed that the fisher women had very less information about the SHGs and the benefits of forming SHGs. However, post awareness campaigns the fisherwomen community of the Tailbal area were motivated to be part of such groups in order to help the fisherwoman community in general and society in particular. The results also revealed that the fisherwomen had faith in governmental schemes because of the previous positive experiences so they felt that initiative like formation of SHGs can be of great help for them in overcoming the challenges at personal and professional front. Fisherwomen being very active and equal partners in fishing enterprise know the importance of saving money, securing loans and thus majority of them showed their willingness to form the fisher SHGs.
Inflammatory Markers in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Petrol and Petroleum Products
Authors: Hannah Anya Ojiugo , Ogechi Nwachuku Edna , Hellen A. Waribo , Samuel Bartimaeus Ebirien-Agana 
Published: September 2021

Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Abia State and Laboratory Department, JAROS Inspection Services Limited, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, between April 2018 and June 2018.
Methodology: A total of 204 samples comprising of 123 auto-mechanics and 81 non -auto-mechanics were assayed. Detailed information of the bio-data of the subjects including age, gender, medical history, health information and lifestyle were obtained from each participant. Blood samples were collected from for the analysis of inflammation markers, IL-6, TNF-α and CRP were determined using standard methods and techniques. The effect of age and duration of exposure on the inflammation parameters were considered. Statistical Analysis System (SAS), STAT 15.1, developed by SAS Institute, North Carolina State University, USA was used for statistical analysis. Data were presented as Mean ± SEM, comparison of means of groups that are more than two was done using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and the Tukey test of multiple comparison was used to test for variance within and across groups.
Results: There was significant increase in the means of IL-6, TNF-α and CRP in the exposed subjects (p <0.05) compared with the control subjects There was no significant difference (p >0.05) in the means of IL-6, TNF-α and C-reactive protein (CRP) between the age groups of the exposed and the control subjects. Similarly, there was no significant difference between the groups, based on duration of exposure. This suggests that the toxic effect does not depend on the age or duration of exposure but on other factors for the automechanics in Aba.
Conclusion: This study shows that the exposure of automechanics may significantly increase the serum IL-6 TNF-α and Hs-CRP levels. Increase in the serum levels of the inflammation markers is predictive of the danger of future pathology in automechanics compared with non automechanics in Aba metropolis. Age and duration did not influence significant variation in the automechanics.
Assessment of Myocardial Salvage Index after Primary Percutaneous Intervention of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Using Myocardial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques
Authors: Naby Asmaa Ramadan Abd El , Elmasry Magdy Mohamed , Salama Mai M. Abd Elmoneim , Setiha Mohamed El Sayed El , Elsheikh Raghda Ghonimy 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The aim of this work was assessment of myocardial salvage using various magnetic resonance imaging techniques immediately after primary percutaneous coronary intervention of ST elevation myocardial infarction patients and at midterm follow up.
Methods: The current study was conducted on 30 patients referred to Aswan heart center or Cardiology department, Tanta University hospital with a diagnosis of ST elevation myocardial infarction during the period from august2017 to December 2017. All patients were subjected to history taking ,clinical assessment ,12 lead ECG, Laboratory biomarkers including cardiac enzyme biomarkers, complete blood count, liver function test, renal function test and lipid profile primary then primary percutaneous coronary intervention was done then cardiac magnetic resonance imaging within 3 days and after 3 months including the following sequences: Steady-state free precession, T2 weighted triple inversion recovery sequence and Early and late gadolinium enhancement to measure the area at risk and myocardial salvage index.
Results: Myocardial salvage index was found to improve with improving thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow post intervention (p value=0.004), also the presence of microvascular obstruction (p value =0.034) and intramyocardial hemorrhage (p value=0.014) had a negative impact on myocardial salvage index. Peak cardiac enzyme biomarkers (troponin p value=0.001,CK p value=0.005,CKMB p value=0.002) were also associated with increased area at risk however did not affect the myocardial salvage index.
Conclusion: Proper management of the occluded coronary artery is a corner stone in improving myocardial salvage index which can be properly assessed with cardiac MRI.
Functional Brain Alterations in Individuals with Motor Conversion Disorder
Authors: Salem Mai Ahmed , Hakeem Mohammad Abdel , Shafey Rasha Ahmed El , Shamma Gamal Ibrahim Taha , Mubarak Ahmed Abdel Rahman 
Published: September 2021

Background: Conversion disorder (CD) is characterized by neurological symptoms affecting voluntary motor control and incompatible with organic damage to the nervous system. Since novel insights have been gained with the advent of functional magnetic resonance imaging, we aimed to explore potential functional alterations in various areas of the brain in a sample of Egyptian patients suffering from conversion disorder.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on patients who met the DSM-5 criteria for conversion disorder presented with weakness or paralysis aged from 18- 40 years old. Group A (Cases): include 30 patients with motor conversion disorder. Group B (Control): include 30 normal healthy individuals free from any psychiatric disorders. Structured Clinical Interview DSM-IV (SCID-I) and (SCID-II) were applied for psychometric evaluation.
Results: The cases had increased activity in the contralateral amygdala of the affected side of patients with CD. Cases also showed decreased activation of contralateral basal ganglia in the affected side as well as a decreased activity of the motor cortex contralateral to the affected side. There was a decrease in activation of SMA contralateral to the side of disability. There was an increase in the activity of the contralateral insula.
Conclusions: Functional abnormal alterations in motor and sensory systems are related to the presence of neurological symptoms in conversion disorder.
Effect of Oculus Guided Physical Therapy in Adjunct to Conventional Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients-A Research Protocol
Authors: Jachak Shrushti , Phansopkar Pratik , Chitale Neha 
Published: September 2021

Background: Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent disorder affecting the quality of life of older people. Eventually, the protecting tissue at the ends of bones degrades. One of the commonest type is osteoarthritis of knee. Knee osteoarthritis is linked to three main symptoms: knee pain, swelling, and decreased quadriceps mobility. Knee osteoarthritis can be treated with various physical therapy interventions, physiotherapy shows effective results. Visual reality can be used for the physical rehabilitation. In this study an attempt is been made to use the oculus quest for rehabilitation of knee osteoarthritis patients in adjunct to the conventional treatment.
Objectives: To demonstrate the effect of a conventional treatment regimen on lower limb function in patients with knee osteoarthritis. To demonstrate the influence of virtual reality-based games on lower limb function in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. In patients with knee osteoarthritis, the effect of virtual reality physical therapy in addition to traditional therapy was compared to the effect of simply conventional therapy.
Methods: The aim of this study is to look at the effects of VR-based exercise as an adjunct to conventional therapy. To that aim, a pre and post experimental design will be used, with a control group receiving just conventional therapy (strengthening, ultrasound, Maitland mobilization) and an experimental group receiving conventional treatment as well as the VR-based exercise. Data collected will be examined using the SPSS variant.
Conclusion: Conclusion will be drawn based on the effect of virtual reality based exercises and conventional exercises. Which will help the therapist as well as patient in better treatment approach towards knee osteoarthritis.
Correlation of Histopathological Metastatic Invasive Prognosticators with Five Years Survival of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Patil Swati K. 
Published: September 2021

Background: OSCC is the 3rd widespread malignancy in India followed by cervical and breast cancer. Histopathological findings in the tumor are the most prominent factors identified for OSCC progression. Clinical and histopathological prognosis in OSCC like perineural invasion, vascular invasion, lymph node invasion have been studied extensively by many researchers separately or in combination since many years. Bone invasion, muscle invasion and salivary gland invasion are explored less. In order to collectively correlate the role of all prognosticators with 5 years survival, the later prognosticators are included in our study in isolation which may predict accurately the probability of 5 year survival of OSCC. Also we have to search role of the prognosticator which is most commonly affecting 5 years survival of OSCC cases so that it may modify the potential consequence of management of OSCC.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the relevance of histopathological invasive prognosticators on 5 years survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients visiting Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Sawangi, Wardha (MS).
Methodology: Departmental reports will be screened and specimen mounted slides of histopathologically diagnosed 200 OSCC patients, who undergone surgical resection will be observed under binocular microscope. Data of dead and survived OSCC patients undergone surgery 5 years back will be collected by telecommunication. Histopathological invasive prognosticators will be analyzed and correlated with 5-years survival after treatment.
Expected Results:

Collectively correlating the role of histopathological invasive prognosticators in our study may predict the probability of 5 years survival of OSCC cases more accurately.
Discovering diversed histopathological patterns of all metastatic prognosticators and their correlation with 5 years survival.
Identification of most effective histopathological invasive prognosticator predicting 5 year survival.

Conclusion: The most commonly found prognosticators in OSCC patients who died within 5 years versus others who survived for 5 years will be discovered.
In addition the most common histopathological pattern related to dead and survived patients after 5 years will be found which can modify the potential consequence of management of OSCC.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Indole Synthesis through Aza‐Nazarov‐Type Cyclization of α‐Imino Gold Carbene Complexes and Arenes
Authors: Allegue Darío , Santamaría Javier , Ballesteros Alfredo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHere we report a gold(I)‐catalyzed and atom‐economical ortho‐N‐indolyl‐N‐pyrazolylbenzene synthesis from 1,2,3‐triazapentalenes and ynamides. The reaction occurs through the cleavage of the triazole ring and formation of a α‐imino gold carbene intermediate. An aza‐Nazarov‐type cyclization with participation of an arene ring is involved. The reaction consists in a formal [4+1] heterocycloaddition where the four‐carbon synthon is provided by the ynamide. Finally, indole synthesis could also be performed in a one‐pot procedure from their 1‐propargyl‐1H‐benzotrizaole precursors.magnified image
Cumulative minority stress and suicide risk among LGBTQ youth
Authors: Green Amy E. , Price Myeshia N. , Dorison Sam H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExposure to minority stress is the primary mechanism through which lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth experience a greater risk for suicide. The current study examines the association of LGBTQ‐based cumulative minority stress with suicide risk using online survey data collected from 39,126 LGBTQ youth ages 13–24 in the United States. Youth who reported four types of minority stress had nearly 12 times greater odds of attempting suicide compared to those who reported none. Transgender and nonbinary youth and American Indian/Alaskan Native youth had higher odds of reporting three or more minority stress experiences. The strong association of cumulative risk with attempted suicide and disproportionate exposure among marginalized members of the LGBTQ community highlight the need for suicide prevention to prioritize those at greatest risk and for research examining LGBTQ suicide risk to employ cumulative risk models.
Copper‐catalyzed C−H Selenation of 2‐Substituted Benzo[b]furans with Diaryl Diselenides: Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 3‐Selanylbenzo[b]furan Derivatives
Authors: Murata Yuki , Otake Naoaki , Sano Moeko , Matsumura Mio , Yasuike Shuji 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOrganoselenium compounds are potentially active substances. Herein, a novel method for the synthesis of 2‐substituted 3‐selanylbenzo[b]furans that uses Cu‐catalyzed C−H selenation, an efficient method for chemically transforming aromatic heterocycles, is described. The reactions of 2‐substituted benzo[b]furans with diaryl diselenides in the presence of 10 mol% copper iodide (CuI) at 120 °C in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) afforded the corresponding 2‐substituted 3‐selanylbenzo[b]furans in moderate‐to‐excellent yields. The reaction proceeds efficiently and both of the two selanyl groups of the diselenide are transferred to the coupling products.
The relationship between pinworm (Trypanoxyuris) infection and gut bacteria in wild black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)
Authors: Martínez‐Mota Rodolfo , Righini Nicoletta , Mallott Elizabeth K. , Gillespie Thomas R. , Amato Katherine R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGut bacteria may coexist with other groups of organisms, such as nematode parasites, that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of primates; however, the possible effects of endoparasites on bacterial communities are frequently overlooked. Here we explored whether infection with Trypanoxyuris, an oxyurid gastrointestinal parasite, is associated with changes in the gut bacterial community of wild black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra), by comparing gut bacterial communities of consistently infected individuals and individuals that never tested positive for Trypanoxyuris throughout different months across the year. We additionally controlled for other sources of variation reported to influence the primate microbiome including individual identity, social group, and seasonality. Trypanoxyuris infection was not related to differences in gut bacterial alpha diversity, but was weakly associated with differences in gut bacterial community structure. In contrast, among the covariates considered, both individual identity and social group were more strongly associated with variation in the howler gut bacterial community. Our results suggest that gastrointestinal parasites may be associated, to some extent, with shifts in the gut bacterial communities hosted by free‐ranging primates, although a causal link still needs to be established. Further studies of wild primate hosts infected with parasite species with different pathogenicity are needed to better elucidate health‐related consequences from the parasite‐microbiome interplay.
Parahydrogen Hyperpolarization Allows Direct NMR Detection of α‐Amino Acids in Complex (Bio)mixtures
Authors: Sellies Lisanne , Aspers Ruud L. E. G. , Feiters Martin C. , Rutjes Floris P. J. T. , Tessari Marco 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe scope of non‐hydrogenative parahydrogen hyperpolarization (nhPHIP) techniques has been expanding over the last years, with the continuous addition of important classes of substrates. For example, pyruvate can now be hyperpolarized using the Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) technique, offering a fast, efficient and low‐cost PHIP alternative to Dynamic Nuclear Polarization for metabolic imaging studies. Still, important biomolecules such as amino acids have so far resisted PHIP, unless properly functionalized. Here, we report on an approach to nhPHIP for unmodified α‐amino acids that allows their detection and quantification in complex mixtures at sub‐micromolar concentrations. This method was tested on human urine, in which natural α‐amino acids could be measured after dilution with methanol without any additional sample treatment.
Influence of Isomerism on Radioluminescence of Purely Organic Phosphorescence Scintillators
Authors: Dong Chaomin , Wang Xiao , Gong Wenqi , Ma Wenbo , Zhang Meng , Li Jingjie , Zhang Yuan , Zhou Zixing , Yang Zhijian , Qu Shuli , Wang Qian , Zhao Zhu , Yang Guohui , Lv Anqi , Ma Huili , Chen Qiushui , Shi Huifang , Yang Yang (Michael) , An Zhongfu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThere are few reports about purely organic phosphorescence scintillators, and the relationship between molecular structures and radioluminescence in organic scintillators is still unclear. Here, we presented isomerism strategy to study the effect of molecular structures on radioluminescence. The isomers can achieve phosphorescence efficiency of up to 22.8 % by ultraviolet irradiation. Under X‐ray irradiation, both m‐BA and p‐BA show excellent radioluminescence, while o‐BA has almost no radioluminescence. Through experimental and theoretical investigation, we found that radioluminescence was not only affected by non‐radiation in emissive process, but also highly depended on the material conductivity caused by the different molecular packing. This study not only allows us to clearly understand the relationship between the molecular structures and radioluminescence, but also provides a guidance to rationally design new organic scintillators.