bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Universal oral health coverage – Perspectives from a developing country
Authors: Purohit Bharathi M. , Kharbanda O. P. , Priya Harsh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUniversal Health Coverage (UHC) is where people have access to health services without suffering financial hardship to pay for it, provide equitable health‐care services that are appropriate, accessible and affordable for all people, particularly poor and disadvantaged communities. However, optimal intervention in relation to oral disease is not universally available or affordable specifically in developing countries because of limited resources at public sector, escalating costs of treatment and inadequate emphasis on primary prevention of oral diseases. Similar barriers also exist in utilisation of dental services among the Indian population. Integrating oral health into UHC will help improve oral health outcomes and reduce inequalities in access to care. To strengthen the oral health system towards UHC, public sector spending on oral health‐care should be equally focused on primary care instead of directing mainly into only tertiary care, which could help reduce the number of complications progress to more expensive and more aggressive treatment.
Denoising of computed tomography using bilateral median based autoencoder network
Authors: Juneja Mamta , Joshi Saasha , Singla Naveen , Ahuja Shaurya , Saini Sumindar Kaur , Thakur Niharika , Jindal Prashant 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDenoising of Computed tomography (CT) images is a critical aspect of image processing that is expected to improve the performance of Computer‐aided diagnosis (CAD) systems. However, the use of complex imaging modalities such as CT imaging to ascertain pancreatic cancer is vulnerable to gaussian and poisson noises, making image denoising an imperative step for the accurate performance of CAD systems. This paper presents a Bilateral median based autoencoder network (BMAuto‐Net) constructed with intermediate batch normalization layers and dropout factors to eliminate gaussian noise from the CT images. The skip connections adjoining the network, prevent performance degradation that generally occurs in most autoencoder architectures. Based on the presented study, BMAuto‐Net is reckoned to outperform other traditional filters and autoencoders. The performance measurement of the proposed architecture is performed using the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR), mean squared error (MSE), and structured similarity index (SSIM) metric values. The Cancer imaging archive (TCIA) dataset consisting of 19 000 CT images is used to validate the performance of the architecture with average PSNR values of 30.01, 30.53, and 30.52, MSE values of 98.23, 98.87, and 98.94, and SSIM of values of 0.67, 0.60, and 0.57 for noise factors (NFs) of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 respectively.
“To imagine I almost said ‘no’”: A Reluctant Student’s Transformation Using Challenging Texts
Authors: Fletcher Lauren 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article investigates one undergraduate’s path towards critical literacy around racial inequalities as a result of engaging with, reading, and discussing a challenging children’s novel during a book study with peers. Using Cultural Historical Activity Theory, the author examines the personal and cultural resources the students brought to the experience, the stances she developed while engaging in the book, and the contextual resources that mediated her understanding of racial inequalities. This article further investigates how educators can leverage challenging texts in classrooms to support critical literacy development around societal issues.
Evaluation of antibody response after COVID‐19 vaccination of healthcare workers
Authors: Uysal Elif B. , Gümüş Sibel , Bektöre Bayhan , Bozkurt Hale , Gözalan Ayşegül 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe common goal of all vaccines developed against COVID‐19, although they have been designed with different methods, is to develop an effective immunity and antibody response against SARS‐CoV‐2. However, the postvaccination immune response and antibody levels differ between individuals. This study examined the relationship between postvaccine seropositivity rates, age, gender, smoking, and body mass index (BMI), and antibody titers. A total of 314 healthcare workers (HCW) who were not previously infected with COVID‐19 and who had received two doses of CoronaVac inactivated vaccine participated in the study. Seropositivity against the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein was measured from the participants 4 weeks after the second dose of vaccine using the electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) method. In addition, the antibody developed against the nucleocapsid protein (NCP) was evaluated and compared using Elecsys Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 kit. One hundred and eighty‐one of the participants were female (57.6%) with a median age of 39 (interquartile range [IQR], 10) and 133 (42.4%) were male with a median age of 41 (IQR, 11). 99.6% of the volunteers developed seropositivity 4 weeks after the second dose of vaccine. It was also observed that the rate of RBD protein antibody titer was >250 U/ml in smokers, which is quite low compared to nonsmokers (p = 0.032), and that high RBD antibody titers were proportionally lower in obese participants, according to BMI values, compared to those with normal BMI (49.5% and 9.9%). It was observed that seropositivity developed in almost all participants after the CoronaVac vaccine. However, it was determined that the antibody titer measured varied depending on factors such as smoking, BMI, and duration.
Product variety in local grocery stores: Differential effects on stock‐keeping unit level sales
Authors: Lu Guanyi , Lee Hyun Seok (Huck) , Son Junbo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe empirically examine the effect of product variety on sales at the stock‐keeping unit (SKU) level. Prior empirical operations management studies generally treat product variety as a single‐dimensional measure (e.g., the number of SKUs carried by the store, distribution center, or firm) and study its impact on aggregate sales (e.g., sales at the store, distribution center, or firm). As such, SKUs from different brands are assumed to contribute equally to total sales, which is not always the case. To address this, we need to conceptualize product variety within brands and investigate its impact on sales at a more granular level. In this study, we propose and theoretically articulate two product variety dimensions (within‐brand variety [WV] and average WV of other brands [AWVO]) to investigate the mechanisms that connect product variety to SKU‐level sales. Using a detailed transaction dataset from a local grocery retailer, we first show that product variety conceptualized within brands (i.e., the mean of WVs [MWV]) does have an impact on aggregate subcategory sales, as the literature suggests. At the SKU level, we find WV increases same‐brand SKU sales, while AWVO reduces it. Our work provides an alternative explanation to the inverted U‐shaped relationship between product variety and aggregate sales observed in the literature: Increasing variety only increases sales of SKUs belonging to the brand whose variety has increased, while it decreases sales of the other SKUs. We also find that variety effects vary significantly across different profitability levels and product categories. Product variety appears to have the strongest positive effect on high‐margin products. The impact of product variety on specific product category sales varies from as high as 11% to negligible. We further discuss the practical value of our findings and show the robustness of our results through multiple tests while addressing endogeneity using the control function approach.
Thinking alike or not: Performance implications of transactional psychological contract congruence in buyer–supplier new product development projects
Authors: Deng Chunping , Yan Tingting , Mao Jiye , Yin Shaorong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA buyer–supplier new product development (NPD) project is an ambiguous and complex transaction, making neither formal contracts nor a collaborative relationship sufficient to ensure project success. NPD project performance could also be directly influenced by the transactional psychological contracts (TPCs) of project members due to their strong motivational effect. Adopting a dyadic view, we explore the performance implications of buyer–supplier TPCs (in)congruence using a matched, dyadic survey dataset from 279 NPD projects. We find that levels of congruence (congruent vs. incongruent), types of congruence (high–high vs. low–low), and directions of incongruence (buyer‐higher vs. supplier‐higher) all affect project performance. Challenging the conventional wisdom that buyer–supplier congruence is generally productive, we find that congruence in TPCs, a generally undesirable type of PC, lowers product quality in NPD projects. This is because congruence in TPCs locks project members in the status quo by creating psychological balance and removing healthy conflicts, which prevents a team from balancing between exploration and exploitation. The combination of buyer‐lower, supplier‐higher TPCs incongruence is most effective for improving both product quality and development efficiency. These results remind NPD project managers that buyer and supplier TPCs can interact to jointly affect project outcomes beyond individual influences of each party's TPC.
Prediction of lateral lymph node metastasis using OSNA method for mesorectal lymph nodes in low rectal cancer: A prospective study by the Kanagawa Yokohama Colorectal Cancer Study Group (KYCC1801)
Authors: Numata Masakatsu , Shiozawa Manabu , Godai Teni , Kazama Keisuke , Okamoto Hironao , Kato Aya , Katayama Yusuke , Sato Sumito , Sugano Nobuhiro , Kohmura Takashi , Higuchi Akio , Saito Kentaro , Iguchi Kenta , Atsumi Yosuke , Aoyama Toru , Tamagawa Hiroshi , Mushiake Hiroyuki , Saeki Hiroyuki , Yukawa Norio , Taguri Masataka , Sato Maho , Rino Yasushi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesContrary to the Japanese guidelines recommendations regarding lateral lymph node dissection (LatLND) for rectal cancer, its omission is common in clinical practice without reliable omission criteria. Negative pathological mesorectal lymph node metastasis (MesLNM) is reportedly highly correlated with negative pathological lateral lymph node metastasis (p‐LatLNM); however, this cannot be used as a criterion because pathological features are revealed postoperatively. Herein, we prospectively evaluated the negative predictive value (NPV) of MesLNM diagnosed via the one‐step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) method for p‐LatLNM.MethodsThis prospective study was conducted at a single academic study group in Japan. The key eligibility criterion was mid‐to‐low rectal cancer planned to be treated using mesorectal excision with LatLND. According to the study protocol, the OSNA method was considered useful if the point estimate of the NPV exceeded 95%.ResultsPreoperative case registration was conducted between 2018 and 2020; 34 patients were registered. Among these, 16 were negative for OSNA‐MesLNM, and negative p‐LatLNM was confirmed in all cases. The point estimate of the NPV was 100%, with the 95% confidence interval ranging from 79.4% to 100.0%.ConclusionsThe OSNA method is useful in selecting patients in whom LatLND can be omitted in real‐world clinical practice.
Pectin acetylesterase 8 influences pectin acetylation in the seed coat, seed imbibition, and dormancy in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Palmer Jeffrey P. , Pajak Aga , Robson Blake , Zhang BaiLing , Joshi Jaya , Diapari Marwan , Pauls K. Peter , Marsolais Frédéric 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe results of a prior transcript profiling study identified a large difference in transcript accumulation of a pectin acetylesterase gene, designated as PAE8, in two genetically related lines of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). The results of reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR experiments confirmed this difference and revealed that the gene is expressed specifically in the seed coat of developing seeds. Genomic sequence data identified a non‐functional allele, due to a five‐base pair insertion resulting in a frameshift and premature stop codon. The non‐functional pae8 allele was associated with a lack of detectable protein as determined by Western blot. PAE8 accounted for approximately 65% of total pectin acetylesterase activity in the developing seed coat. Lack of functional PAE8 resulted in an approximately 2.5‐fold increase in acetylation of soluble pectin in the mature seed coat. The presence of a non‐functional pae8 allele was associated with an increased rate of water absorption by the seed and increased percentage of germination in aged seeds. The data suggest that the decreased acetylation of pectin leads to enhanced interaction with Ca2+, contributing to water impermeability.
Nanosilicate‐Functionalized Polycaprolactone Orchestrates Osteogenesis and Osteoblast‐Induced Multicellular Interactions for Potential Endogenous Vascularized Bone Regeneration
Authors: Xu Xiongcheng , Zhuo Jin , Xiao Long , Xu Yanmei , Yang Xue , Li Yanfen , Du Zhibin , Luo Kai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMassive oral and maxillofacial bone defect regeneration remains a major clinical challenge due to the absence of functionalized bone grafts with ideal mechanical and proregeneration properties. In the present study, Laponite (LAP), a synthetic nanosilicate, is incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL) to develop a biomaterial for bone regeneration. It is explored whether LAP‐embedded PCL would accelerate bone regeneration by orchestrating osteoblasts to directly and indirectly induce bone regeneration processes. The results confirmed the presence of LAP in PCL, and LAP is distributed in the exfoliated structure without aggregates. Incorporation of LAP in PCL slightly improved the compressive properties. LAP‐embedded PCL is biocompatible and exerts pronounced enhancements in cell viability, osteogenic differentiation, and extracellular matrix formation of osteoblasts. Furthermore, osteoblasts cultured on LAP‐embedded PCL facilitate angiogenesis of vessel endothelial cells and alleviate osteoclastogenesis of osteoclasts in a paracrine manner. The addition of LAP to the PCL endows favorable bone formation in vivo. Based upon these results, LAP‐embedded PCL shows great potential as an ideal bone graft that exerts both space‐maintaining and vascularized bone regeneration synergistic effects and can be envisioned for oral and maxillofacial bone defect regeneration.
Converging 3D Printing and Electrospinning: Effect of Poly(l‐lactide)/Gelatin Based Short Nanofibers Aerogels on Tracheal Regeneration
Authors: Yuan Zhengchao , Ren Yijiu , Shafiq Muhammad , Chen Yujie , Tang Hai , Li Baojie , EL‐Newehy Mohamed , EL‐Hamshary Hany , Morsi Yosry , Zheng Hui , Mo Xiumei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecently, various tissue engineering based strategies have been pursued for the regeneration of tracheal tissues. However, previously developed tracheal scaffolds do not accurately mimic the microstructure and mechanical behavior of the native trachea, which restrict their clinical translation. Here, tracheal scaffolds are fabricated by using 3D printing and short nanofibers (SF) dispersion of poly(l‐lactide)/gelatin (0.5–1.5 wt%) to afford tracheal constructs. The results display that the scaffolds containing 1.0 wt % of SF exhibit low density, good water absorption capacity, reasonable degradation rate, and stable mechanical properties, which were comparable to the native trachea. Moreover, the designed scaffolds possess good biocompatibility and promote the growth and infiltration of chondrocytes in vitro. The biocompatibility of tracheal scaffolds is further assessed after subcutaneous implantation in mice for up to 4 and 8 weeks. Histological assessment of tracheal constructs explanted at week 4 shows that scaffolds can maintain their structural integrity and support the formation of neo‐vessels. Furthermore, cell‐scaffold constructs gradually form cartilage‐like tissues, which mature with time. Collectively, these engineered tracheal scaffolds not only possess appropriate mechanical properties to afford a stabilized structure but also a biomimetic extracellular matrix‐like structure to accomplish tissue regeneration, which may have broad implications for tracheal regeneration.
Microgel Preparation by Miniemulsion Polymerization of Passerini Multicomponent Reaction Derived Acrylate Monomers
Authors: Windbiel Julian Tobias , Llevot Audrey 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThree acrylate monomers featuring different side‐groups are synthesized in yields up to 94% in a one‐pot procedure using the versatile Passerini‐three‐component reaction. The procedure for their miniemulsion polymerization into polymeric particles with tunable sizes is established. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is introduced as comonomer to induce crosslinking and enable the production of microgels. Besides the shelf life of the miniemulsions, the dependence of the particle size on the concentration of the surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and the crosslinker, as well as the sonication amplitude and time, is investigated. The particle size of the collapsed microgels range from 21 to 91 nm. The swelling of the microgels in organic solvents is studied.
Applications and Mechanism of 3‐Hydroxybutyrate (3HB) for Prevention of Colonic Inflammation and Carcinogenesis as a Food Supplement
Authors: Li Zihua , Zhang Shujie , Zhang Yudian , Chen Jin , Wu Fuqing , Liu Gang , Chen Guo‐Qiang 
Published: October 2021

ScopeInflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC) are common diseases without effective prevention approach. 3‐Hydroxybutyrate (3HB) reported to have multiple functions as an oral food supplement. This study observes that 3HB prevents mouse colitis and CRC.Methods and ResultsThe sensitivity of wild type (WT) and GPR109a‐/‐ mice to colitis is compared using dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)‐induced colitis model. Flow cytometry showed that 3HB cellular surface receptor GPR109a that can decrease the percentage of M1 macrophages from 50% of the DSS‐induced acute colitis mouse group to 42% DSS+3HB group mediating the inhibitory effect on inflammation. Bone marrow transplantation experiments further demonstrated that the function of 3HB depended on bone marrow cells. Subsequently, the sensitivity of WT and GPR109a‐/‐ mice to CRC is compared using an azoxymethane‐DSS‐induced CRC mouse model. It is found that the activation of GPR109a inhibited CRC, depended on reduced myeloid‐derived suppressor cells accumulation from 27% of the DSS group to 19% of the DSS+3HB group studied using flow cytometry.ConclusionIt is concluded that 3HB significantly suppresses colonic inflammation and carcinogenesis, promising to benefit colon disease prevention in form of a food supplement.
Rapid Molecular Determination of Sex for Western North American Chub (Gila spp.)
Authors: Mussmann Steven M. , Saltzgiver Melody J. , Delomas Thomas A. , Campbell Matthew R. , Diver Tracy A. , Wilson Wade D. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Gathering sex data is frequently a complicated matter for fish species that lack sexually dimorphic traits. Secondary sexual characteristics are cryptic or nonexistent in many minnows (Cyprinidae) during early life stages or outside of the breeding season, which may require lethal methods for determining sex. This complicates many conservation actions and population genetic studies, including (1) the development of hatchery broodstocks for threatened and endangered species, (2) sex ratio determination in wild populations, (3) the influence of sex ratio on the effective population size estimates, and (4) limitations on the implementation of genetic tagging and parentage assignment in wild populations. Here, we remedy this issue for four western North American chub species (Gila spp.) through restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing of Bonytail G. elegans, which identified a single locus indicating an XY sex determination system and no candidate loci consistent with a WZ system. This locus cross-amplified in three additional Gila species (Chihuahua Chub G. nigrescens, Virgin Chub G. seminuda, and White River Chub G. jordani), although species-specific differences necessitated the development of three novel primer/probe sets. Real-time PCR with hydrolysis probe assays was used to genotype sex-linked single-nucleotide polymorphisms for each species. The measurement of endpoint fluorescence in a real-time PCR thermal cycler allowed for rapid and accurate sex genotyping of these species, with accuracy &gt;97% relative to phenotypic sex identification when three PCR replicates were employed. These assays provided high precision, with unanimous results across &gt;87% of the replicates and a majority consensus genotype for 98.6% of the samples. The locus identified herein was conserved across all of the Gila species that we tested (n = 6) and other western North American cyprinids; however, sex-linked polymorphisms were found only in the four species that are named above. Consequently, this locus has promise for the identification and development of sex-linked assays for other Gila and closely related cyprinids.
Flavonoids in Lemon and Grapefruit IntegroPectin**
Authors: Scurria Antonino , Sciortino Marzia , Albanese Lorenzo , Nuzzo Domenico , Zabini Federica , Meneguzzo Francesco , Alduina Rosa , Presentato Alessandro , Pagliaro Mario , Avellone Giuseppe , Ciriminna Rosaria 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFollowing the analysis of terpenes present in new lemon and grapefruit “IntegroPectin” pectins obtained via the hydrodynamic cavitation of industrial lemon and grapefruit processing waste, the HPLC‐MS analysis of flavonoid and other phenolic compounds reveals the presence of eriocitrin, naringin, hesperidin and kaempferol typical of the respective citrus fruits. The pectic fibers rich in rhamnogalacturonan‐I regions act as chemical sponges adsorbing and concentrating at their outer surface highly bioactive citrus flavonoids and terpenes. These findings, together with the unique molecular structure of these new whole citrus pectins, provide preliminary insight into the broad‐scope biological activity of these new biomaterials. Numerous new biomedical applications are anticipated, including likely use in the prevention and treatment of microbial infections and neurodegenerative disease.
Impact of the Arctic observing systems on the ECCC global weather forecasts
Authors: Laroche Stéphane , Poan Emmanuel D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study examines the impact of the conventional (in situ) and satellite observing systems in the Arctic on forecasts in the Northern Hemisphere polar and midlatitude regions using the Canadian global forecast system. It is part of an international cooperation to understand the role and the relative importance of the polar observing systems in numerical prediction systems in order to make recommendations for future optimal observing network design in this area. Both Observing System Experiment and Forecast Sensitivity to Observation Impact methods are used to assess the relative importance of the observing systems north of 60°N. The experiments are conducted during winter 2017–2018 and summer 2018, which include the first two Special Observing Periods of the Year of Polar Prediction. The impact of supplementary radiosondes launched during these periods is also assessed. It is found that the joint impact of all Arctic satellite data on forecasts is two to four times larger than the impact of all conventional data in this area. The microwave sounders and the radiosonde network have the largest impact among the satellite and convention observing systems, respectively. The impact of the conventional data is larger than that of microwave sounders in both winter and summer seasons. The impact of the supplementary radiosondes on short‐range forecast in the Arctic is positive, but becomes negligible beyond 24 hr forecast lead‐time. The impact of observations in the Arctic on medium‐range forecasts in the midlatitudes is larger over eastern North America and northern Asia for both seasons examined.