bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of renewable formic acid from lignocellulosic biomass for the selective hydrogenation and/or N‐methylation
Authors: Zhou Chao‐Zheng , Zhao Yu‐Rou , Tan Fang‐Fang , Guo Yan‐Jun , Li Yang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLignocellulosic biomass is one of the most abundant renewable sources in nature. Herein, we have developed the utilization of renewable formic acid from lignocellulosic biomass as a hydrogen source and a carbon source for the selective hydrogenation and further N‐methylation of various quinolines and the derivatives, various indoles under mild conditions in high efficiencies. N‐methylation of various anilines is also developed. Mechanistic studies indicate that the hydrogenation occurs via a transfer hydrogenation pathway.
Investigation on Optical and Biological Properties of 2‐(4‐Dimethylaminophenyl)benzothiazole Based Cycloplatinated Complexes
Authors: Lara Rebeca , Millán Gonzalo , Moreno M. Teresa , Lalinde Elena , Alfaro‐Arnedo Elvira , López Icíar P. , Larráyoz Ignacio M. , Pichel José G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe optical and biological properties of 2‐(4‐dimethylaminophenyl)benzothiazole cycloplatinated complexes featuring bioactive ligands ([{Pt(Me2N‐pbt)(C6F5)}L] [L=Me2N‐pbtH 1, p‐dpbH (4‐(diphenylphosphino)benzoic acid) 2, o‐dpbH (2‐(diphenylphosphino)benzoic acid) 3), [Pt(Me2N‐pbt)(o‐dpb)] 4, [{Pt(Me2N‐pbt)(C6F5)}2(μ‐PRnP)] [PR4P=O(CH2CH2OC(O)C6H4PPh2)2 5, PR12P=O{(CH2CH2O)3C(O)C6H4PPh2}2 6] are presented. Complexes 1–6 display 1ILCT and metal‐perturbed 3ILCT dual emissions. The ratio between both bands is excitation dependent, accomplishing warm‐white emissions for 2, 5 and 6. The phosphorescent emission is lost in aerated solutions owing to photoinduced electron transfer to 3O2 and the formation of 1O2, as confirmed in complexes 2 and 4. They also exhibit photoinduced phosphorescence enhancement in non‐degassed DMSO due to local oxidation of DMSO by sensitized 1O2, which causes a local degassing. Me2N‐pbtH and the complexes specifically accumulate in the Golgi apparatus, although only 2, 3 and 6 were active against A549 and HeLa cancer cell lines, 6 being highly selective in respect to nontumoral cells. The potential photodynamic property of these complexes was demonstrated with complex 4.
An echocardiographic model for predicting the recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation
Authors: Miao Yuxia , Xu Min , Zhang Chunxu , Liu Huannian , Shao Xiaoliang , Wang Yuetao , Yang Junhua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a highly prevalent arrhythmia, with substantial associated morbidity and mortality. Circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA) is an effective rhythm control strategy, however, recurrence is an important factor influencing treatment decisions.HypothesisTo develop a predictive model based on left atrial (LA) structure and function, and evaluate its efficiency in predicting the recurrence of AF after CPVA.MethodsPatients with paroxysmal AF who underwent CPVA were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into a development set and a validation set. The clinical and echocardiographic data of each patient were collected. In the development set, a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to establish a LA ultrasound feature. By combining that LA ultrasound feature with independent clinical risk factors, we established an echocardiographic model using multivariate logistic regression and plotted the corresponding nomogram.ResultsThe LA ultrasound feature established by LASSO regression included nine echocardiographic indicators related to LA structure and function. It also exhibited good predictive ability in both the development set and the validation set (AUC:0.944, 95%CI: 0.910–0.978; AUC:0.878, 95%CI: 0.816–0.942). Logistic regression analysis indicated that LA ultrasound feature and AF duration were independent predictors for AF recurrence. The combined model including LA ultrasound feature and AF duration also showed good discriminability in both the development set (AUC: 0.950, 95% CI:0.914–0.985) and the validation set (AUC: 0.890, 95% CI: 0.831–0.949). The calibration curve showed good agreement between the predicted value and observed value.ConclusionsOur model that is based on LA structure and function measured by echocardiography is a useful non‐invasive preoperative tool, which exhibits good accuracy in predicting the recurrence of AF after CPVA.
National estimates of mental health service use and unmet needs among adult cancer survivors
Authors: Ji Xu , Marchak Jordan Gilleland , Mertens Ann C. , Curseen Kimberly A. , Zarrabi Ali J. , Cummings Janet R. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundCancer survivors are at elevated risk for developing mental health (MH) disorders. This study assessed MH service use and unmet service needs among a nationally representative sample of cancer survivors.MethodsRespondents aged 18 to 64 years were identified from the 2015‐2018 National Survey of Drug Use and Health data. Outcomes assessed past‐year MH service use and self‐reported unmet MH needs. Outcomes were compared between respondents who reported a cancer history (survivors) and those who did not (controls), descriptively and in adjusted analyses controlling for sociodemographic factors and health status. Analyses were stratified by age groups (18‐34, 35‐49, and 50‐64 years).ResultsComparing 3540 survivors with 149,843 controls, within each age group, a higher proportion of survivors than controls received any MH service (P values < .05); this difference persisted among those aged 35 to 49 years (P = .004) in fully adjusted models. Moreover, a higher proportion of survivors than controls reported an unmet need for MH care; this difference was larger among young adults aged 18 to 34 years (20.8% vs 9.0%; P < .001) than those aged 35 to 49 years (9.4% vs 5.3%; P < .001) and 50 to 64 years (4.8% vs 3.4%; P = .029). In fully adjusted models, the survivor‐control difference in self‐reported unmet MH needs persisted among young adults (24% relative increase; P = .023). Among cancer survivors, young adult survivors had the highest likelihood of reporting unmet MH needs.ConclusionsThis nationally representative study found an increased perception of unmet needs for MH care among cancer survivors, particularly among young adult survivors, compared with the general population without cancer.
Cytopathology of acinic cell carcinoma: A study of 50 cases, including 9 with high‐grade transformation
Authors: Wakely Paul E. , Lott‐Limbach Abberly A. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundAlthough largely readily recognizable in tissue sections, acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) remains diagnostically problematic in fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytopathology. The authors undertook an analysis of a large series of ACC aspirates, including acinic cell carcinoma with high‐grade transformation (ACC‐HGT).MethodsThe authors searched their cytopathology files for ACC cases with histopathologic confirmation. FNA biopsy was performed according to standard techniques.ResultsFifty FNA biopsy cases of ACC (including 36 of parotid origin [72%]) from 41 patients (female to male ratio, 1.4:1; age range, 23‐84 years; average, 54 years) met the study inclusion requirements. Primary neoplasm aspirates were most common (72%), and they were followed by recurrent tumors (16%) and metastases (12%). A precise cytologic diagnosis was made for 64%. Three of 9 ACC‐HGT cases (33%) were correctly interpreted as such; 98% of conventional ACC cases were correctly graded as low‐grade. With the Milan classification system, 74% fit into the malignant category. Ancillary testing was performed for only 36%. Conventional ACC had moderately to highly cellular smears; monotonous cells in aggregates and single forms; rounded nuclei; and microvacuolated, finely granular, oncocyte‐like, or nonspecific cytoplasm. ACC‐HGT smears contained larger nuclei, high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios, coarse nuclear chromatin, and a loss of cytoplasmic granules/vacuoles.ConclusionsA correct diagnosis of ACC via FNA biopsy was made in almost two‐thirds of the cases. With the Milan classification, 84% of the cases would have been classified as malignant or suspicious for malignancy. An absence of conventional serous acinar cell morphology in some cases as well as an absence of ancillary immunohistochemistry testing in almost two‐thirds of the cases prevented even better diagnostic performance.
A new methodology for secured inventory management by average fitness‐based colliding bodies optimization integrated with block chain under cloud
Authors: Chinnaraj Govindasamy , Antonidoss Arokiasamy 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article tries to develop the intelligent secured inventory management strategy by blockchain technology under cloud sector. Multiple suppliers, a manufacturer and multiple distributors are considered in the proposed model. The proposed inventory management is derived as a multi‐objective model, which is solved by the average fitness‐based colliding bodies optimization. A set of cost parameters like “transaction cost, inventory holding cost, shortage cost, transportation cost, time cost, setup cost, backordering cost, quality improvement cost, procurement cost, and stock‐out cost” is used for deriving the multi‐objective function. The optimal solution with the reduced cost function is stored in the block chain under cloud sector by each distributor, where a hash function is used by the distributor to secure the data that could not be visible to any other distributors. The proposed methodology aims to provide an important tool for the management of proposed echelon tree structured supply chains with block chain security under cloud sector that overcomes some of the deficiencies of competing methodologies.
Modified generalized quadrature spatial modulation performance over Nakagami‐m fading channel
Authors: Gunde Kiran , Sundru Anuradha 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThe modified generalized quadrature spatial modulation (mGQSM) scheme is introduced to improve the transmission rate of the spatial modulation (SM) and quadrature SM (QSM). In mGQSM, the information symbols are separated as real and imaginary coefficients, which are modulated on in‐phase and quadrature dimensions, respectively. In addition, this scheme presented a novel codebook design to enhance the rate of 1 bit per channel use over generalized QSM (GQSM). In this paper, we present mGQSM and reduced codebook mGQSM (RC‐mGQSM) system performances over Nakagami‐m, Rayleigh, and Rician fading channels. However, the Rayleigh fading is a special case of Nakagami‐m fading when m = 1. For the computer simulations, we use several values for the Nakagami parameter, m, and Rician factor, K. We present the mGQSM and RC‐mGQSM system performances and compare them to the GQSM, QSM, and SM system performances, using the maximum‐likelihood (ML) detection. For the RC‐mGQSM scheme, we present a low‐complexity detection method. We also present the performances of mGQSM and SM systems in the presence of imperfect channel conditions.
Biotin as a masking agent in chorionic gonadotropin assays utilizing biotinylated antibodies
Authors: Sobolevsky Tim , Ahrens Brian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBiotin interference in streptavidin/biotin‐based immunoassays has been recently recognized as a confounding factor in clinical settings. Depending on the nature of the assay, the presence of excess biotin in patient samples can cause falsely high or low results. One of the platforms known to be affected, Roche Cobas, is widely used in anti‐doping laboratories to test for intact chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in urine. While biotin levels in blood have been well studied, less is known about urinary biotin due to its limited clinical significance. Having analyzed over 4,000 urine samples, we have established a reference range for urinary biotin with a median concentration of approximately 12 ng/ml. However, a significant number of samples contain much higher amounts, with a maximum approaching 10 μg/ml, suggesting biotin supplementation. Consequently, the tolerance of hCG STAT assay towards biotin was investigated over a wide concentration range. The apparent hCG concentration was found to decrease almost linearly as biotin increased from 100 to 1,000 ng/ml, with only 10% of the expected value reported by the assay as biotin reached 1,000 ng/ml. Further increase of biotin resulted in a progressive, albeit more moderate, decline in measured hCG concentration. To avoid a false negative result in the context of anti‐doping analysis, it is highly recommended to monitor biotin in urine and perform diafiltration before hCG measurement in samples with elevated biotin to remove the interference.
“Signal‐on” Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Biosensing Method for the Determination of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
Authors: Zhang Mengyu , Shi Liang , Liu Xiaoru , Qian Manping , Qi Honglan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA simple, selective and sensitive “signal‐on” electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) biosensing method was developed for matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP‐2). Ru(bpy)32+, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and Nafion were modified onto glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to form Ru(bpy)32+/AuNPs/Nafion/GCE as sensitive ECL platform and then ferrocene (Fc) labeled peptide was assembled onto the modified electrode to form ECL biosensing platform. The ECL intensity increased when the ECL biosensing electrode reacted with MMP‐2 because of MMP‐2‐induced cleavage of Fc labeled peptide. The ECL method was applied to determine MMP‐2 with detection limit of 0.3 ng/mL and one‐step recognition, which is promising for point‐of‐care test of protease.
Glucometer‐based Ultra‐sensitive BRAF V600E Mutation Detection Facilitated by Magnetic Nanochains and a Self‐made Point‐of‐Care (POC) Device
Authors: Wang Chang , Yu Jingyuan , Qi Lijuan , Yu Jiaxue , Yang Meiting , Du Yan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe realized the user‐friendly and field‐based point‐of‐care detection on a self‐made portable device with the aid of personal glucose meter (PGM) for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of melanoma and colon cancer marker BRAF V600E with good sensitivity and selectivity by integrating the loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction and the strand exchange signal transduction. The device is equipped with a rotating magnetic field as well as a heating element, under which the pre‐added magnetic nanochains (MNCs) help to homogenize the reaction mixture and overcome the low diffusion efficacy of the reactant and the required temperature for different reactions can be met.
Heterogeneous aluminum oxide/calcium oxide catalyzed transesterification of Mespilus germanica triglyceride for biodiesel production
Authors: Qasemi Zeinab , Jafari Dariush , Jafari Kourosh , Esmaeili Hossein 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs a new feedstock, Mespilus Germanica (M. germanica) kernel oil was used for the first time to produce biodiesel by Al2O3/CaO nanocatalyst and optimize the transesterification process operating conditions using Taguchi method. Considering Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results, the applied catalyst had an adequate surface area and appropriate surface porosity for biodiesel production. Additionally, gas chromatography analysis showed that linoleic acid (42.76%) and oleic acid (40.57%) were the main constituents of the extracted oil. Based on experiments output the highest transesterification yield which was achieved in the optimal conditions (25°C, 2 h, methanol to oil ratio of 12:1, and catalyst wt of 0.5%) was 96.68%, which was an excellent yield compared to similar works. The results showed that the overall trend of production yield with temperature was downward while it saw a significant increase with time. Besides, the conversion yield registered a rise after the initial decrease with methanol to oil ratio and catalyst concentration had the opposite effect. Additionally, regeneration studies showed that the current catalyst can be used for 3 cycles with acceptable conversion yields. The physicochemical properties of the derived oil were characterized and compared with the ASTM D5671 and EN14214 standards, which were found to be highly comply with them.
Adoption of battery electric vehicles for reduction of greenhouse gases and air pollutant emissions: A case study of the United States
Authors: Afkhami Behdad , Akbarian Babak , Ansari Ehsan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDue to zero tailpipe emissions, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are considered an alternative for internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) toward a cleaner transportation. However, since the BEVs are powered by electricity, the environmental impact of the electricity supply should be examined meticulously. This article focuses on greenhouse gases (GHGs), NOx, PM10, and PM2.5 emissions due to the generation of electricity for the overall US electricity consumption and each of the US 50 states. By considering different energy resources, the amount of emissions produced during the electricity generation phase were calculated. In addition, an analysis of the effect of driving patterns was carried out and extended via the Monte Carlo method. The results were then compared to ICEV average emissions. The results revealed that when the overall US electricity generation is considered, only the total emission of GHG, NOx, and PM2.5 would benefit from switching from ICEVs to BEVs. Regarding the urban share emission, shifting from the ICEVs to BEVs can have a positive effect on reducing all the emissions (GHG, NOx, PM10, and PM2.5). In addition, from the US 50 states, only California, Connecticut, Idaho, Main, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington are ready to take the advantage of emissions' reduction by switching over to the BEVs.
Temporal Variability of Microparticles Under the Seattle Aquarium, Washington State: Documenting the Global Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Harris Lyda S.T. , La Beur Laura , Olsen Amy Y. , Smith Angela , Eggers Lindsey , Pedersen Emily , Van Brocklin Jennifer , Brander Susanne M. , Larson Shawn 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Anthropogenic debris including microparticles (&lt;5 mm) are ubiquitous in marine environments. The Salish Sea experiences seasonal fluctuations in precipitation, river discharge, sewage overflow events, and tourism—all variables previously thought to have an impact on microparticle transport and concentrations. Our goals are two-fold: 1) describe long-term microparticle contamination data including concentration, type, and size; and 2) determine if seasonal microparticle concentrations are dependent on environmental or tourism variables in Elliott Bay, Salish Sea. We sampled 100 L of seawater at a depth of approximately 9 m at the Seattle Aquarium, Seattle, Washington State, United States, approximately every two weeks from 2019 through 2020 and used an oil extraction protocol to separate microparticles. We found that microparticle concentrations ranged from 0 to 0.64 particles L−1 and fibers were the most common type observed. Microparticle concentrations exhibited a breakpoint on 10 April 2020, where estimated slope and associated microparticle concentration significantly declined. Further, when considering both environmental as well as tourism variables, temporal microparticle concentration was best described by a mixed-effects model, with tourism as the fixed effect and the person counting microparticles as the random effect. Although monitoring efforts presented set out to identify effects of seasonality and interannual differences in microparticle concentrations, it instead captured an effect of decreased tourism due to the global Covid-19 pandemic. Long-term monitoring is critical to establish temporal microparticle concentrations and to help researchers understand if there are certain events, both seasonal and sporadic (e.g., rain events, tourism, or global pandemics), when the marine environment is more at risk from anthropogenic pollution. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:917–930. © 2021 Seattle Aquarium. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Religious coping and psychological well‐being in Latino Alzheimer's caregivers
Authors: Gonyea Judith G. , O’Donnell Arden E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesPrior research has demonstrated the benefits of religion on caregiver well‐being; however, less research exists on the processes underlying this relationship, particularly in Latino Alzheimer's disease (AD) families. This study's aim was therefore to explore the direct and indirect influences of positive religious coping (RC‐P) and negative religious coping (RC‐N) on caregivers' experiences of depression and anxiety.MethodsThe data are from the Circulo de Cuidado Study baseline interviews; participant eligibility criteria were that the person identifies as being Latino, providing at least 5 h of care weekly, and their relative has an AD diagnosis and neuropsychiatric symptoms. In person at‐home interviews were conducted in Spanish with 67 caregivers. Religious coping was assessed with the Brief RCOPE; depression and anxiety were measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale‐Spanish version and State Anxiety Inventory. Multivariate regression analyses, controlling for caregiving stressors, were used to test our core hypotheses.ResultsAs hypothesized, RC‐N had significant direct effect on depression (p < 0.001) and anxiety (p < 0.001) as well as partially mediated the relationship between caregiver subjective stressor and depression (p < 0.01) and anxiety (p < 0.01). However, contrary to our hypothesis, RC‐P did not have a direct or indirect effects on psychological well‐being.ConclusionsOur findings are consistent with other studies linking RC‐N to poorer caregiver outcomes. Caregivers who questioned God's power, perceived God punishing them, or felt abandoned by God reported greater levels of depression and anxiety. The results suggest that caregivers experiencing religious distress may feel overwhelmed and view a more hopeless future.
Heat and mass transfer on MHD convective flow over an infinite vertical porous plate with the heat source and chemical reaction
Authors: Ravi Kumar Nandyala , Vijaya Rachamallu Bhuvana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is considered that the magnetohydrodynamic free convective flow of an incompressible electrically conducting fluid through a porous medium past a vertical absorbent surface. The homogeneous transverse magnetic field is considered in the existence of heat source and chemical reaction in the rotating frame. The accurate solutions of the velocity, temperature, and concentration are acquired systematically making use of the perturbation method. The consequences of a variety of governing flow parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration are analyzed through graphical profiles. Computational outcomes for the skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number through the tabular format were also examined.