bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal instability and volume contraction in a pulsed microwave N2 plasma at sub-atmospheric pressure
Authors: Kelly Seán , van de Steeg Alex , Hughes Ashley , van Rooij Gerard , Bogaerts Annemie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We studied the evolution of an isolated pulsed plasma in a vortex flow stabilised microwave (MW) discharge in N2 at 25 mbar via the combination of 0D kinetics modelling, iCCD imaging and laser scattering diagnostics. Quenching of electronically excited N2 results in fast gas heating and the onset of a thermal-ionisation instability, contracting the discharge volume. The onset of a thermal-ionisation instability driven by vibrational excitation pathways is found to facilitate significantly higher N2 conversion (i.e. dissociation to atomic N2) compared to pre-instability conditions, emphasizing the potential utility of this dynamic in future fixation applications. The instability onset is found to be instigated by super-elastic heating of the electron energy distribution tail via vibrationally excited N2. Radial contraction of the discharge to the skin depth is found to occur post instability, while the axial elongation is found to be temporarily contracted during the thermal instability onset. An increase in power reflection during the thermal instability onset eventually limits the destabilising effects of exothermic electronically excited N2 quenching. Translational and vibrational temperature reach a quasi-non-equilibrium after the discharge contraction, with translational temperatures reaching ∼1200 K at the pulse end, while vibrational temperatures are found in near equilibrium with the electron energy (1 eV, or ∼11 600 K). This first description of the importance of electronically excited N2 quenching in thermal instabilities gives an additional fundamental understanding of N2 plasma behaviour in pulsed MW context, and thereby brings the eventual implementation of this novel N2 fixation method one step closer.
ET sensitivity to the anisotropic Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
Authors: Mentasti Giorgio , Peloso Marco 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We study the sensitivity of a pair of Einstein Telescopes (ET) (hypothetically located at the two sites currently under consideration for ET) to the anisotropies of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB). We focus on the ℓ =0,2,4 multipoles of an expansion of the SGWB in spherical harmonics, since the sensitivity to other multipoles is suppressed due to the fact that this pair of detector operates in a regime for which the product between the observed frequency and the distance between the two sites is much smaller than one. In this regime, the interferometer overlap functions for the anisotropic signal acquire very simple analytic expressions. These expressions can also be applied to any other pairs of interferometers (each one of arbitrary opening angle between its two arms) operating in this regime. Once the measurements at the vertices of the two sites are optimally combined, the sensitivity to the multipoles of the SGWB depends only on the latitude of the two sites, on the difference of their longitude, but not on the orientation of their arms.
Initial years’ neutron-induced cross-section measurements at the CSNS Back-n white neutron source *
Authors: Tang Jingyu , Liu Rong , Zhang Guohui , Ruan Xichao , Wu Xiaoguang , An Qi , Bai Jiangbo , Bao Jie , Bao Yu , Cao Ping , Chen Haolei , Chen Qiping , Chen Yonghao , Chen Zhen , Cui Zengqi , Fan Ruirui , Feng Changqing , Gan Lin , Gao Keqing , Gao Xiaolong , Gu Minhao , Han Changcai , Han Zijie , He Guozhu , He Yongcheng , Hong Yang , Hu Yiwei , Huang Hanxiong , Huang Xiru , Jiang Haoyu , Jiang Wei , Jiang Zhijie , Jing Hantao , Kang Ling , Li Bo , Li Chao , Li Jiawen , Li Qiang , Li Xiao , Li Yang , Liu Jie , Liu Minliang , Liu Shubin , Liu Xingyan , Long Ze , Luan Guangyuan , Ning Changjun , Niu Mengchen , Qi Binbin , Ren Jie , Ren Zhizhou , Song Zhaohui , Sun Kang , Sun Zhijia , Tan Zhixin , Tang Xinyi , Tian Binbin , Wang Lijiao , Wang Pengcheng , Wang Zhaohui , Wen Jie , Wen Zhongwei , Wu Xuan , Xie Likun , Yang Xiaoyun , Yang Yiwei , Yi Han , Yu Li , Yu Tao , Yu Yongji , Zhang Linhao , Zhang Qiwei , Zhang Xianpeng , Zhang Yuliang , Zhang Zhiyong , Zhou Luping , Zhou Zhihao , Zhu Kejun , (The Back-n Collaboration)  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Back-n white neutron source (known as Back-n) is based on back-streaming neutrons from the spallation target at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). With its excellent beam properties, e.g., a neutron flux of approximately 1.8×107 n/cm2/s at 55 m from the spallation target, energy range spanning from 0.5 eV to 200 MeV, and time-of-flight resolution of a few per thousand, along with the equipped physical spectrometers, Back-n is considered to be among the best facilities in the world for carrying out nuclear data measurements. Since its completion and commencement of operation in May 2018, five types of cross-section measurements concerning neutron capture cross-sections, fission cross-sections, total cross-sections, light charged particle emissions, in-beam gamma spectra, and more than forty nuclides have been measured. This article presents an overview of the experimental setup and result analysis on the neutron-induced cross-section measurements and gamma spectroscopy at Back-n in the initial years.
Feature Selection Using Artificial Bee Colony for Fruit Classification
Authors: Abd Alkreem Mauj Hauder , Karim Abdulamir Abdullah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Extraction of features plays a very significant part in the creation of images. Different image pre-processing methods such as banalization, thresholding, resizing, normalization are added to the captured picture before receiving functionality. After that, techniques of extraction of features are applied to obtain features that will be useful in the classification and recognition of images. This paper aims to propose a fruit classification system based on an Intelligence algorithm, the proposed framework derives extracted features using merge harries corner detection with GLCM feature extraction. After that, the important features are selected using one of the methods of artificial intelligence, where the bee colony algorithm was used. After obtaining the selected features, two powerful classifiers are merged, which are the decision tree and naïve Bayes to classify the input fruit image. This work uses the Fruit 360 dataset. Where 70 percent of the data set was used during the training phase and 30 percent used during the test phase. It was observed that the proposed approach yielded good results and the accuracy was 96 %.
Evaluating the multi-task learning approach for land use regression modelling of air pollution
Authors: Dulny Andrzej , Steininger Michael , Lautenschlager Florian , Krause Anna , Hotho Andreas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Air pollution has been linked to several health problems including heart disease, stroke and lung cancer. Modelling and analyzing this dependency requires reliable and accurate air pollutant measurements collected by stationary air monitoring stations. However, usually only a low number of such stations are present within a single city. To retrieve pollution concentrations for unmeasured locations, researchers rely on land use regression (LUR) models. Those models are typically developed for one pollutant only. However, as results in different areas have shown, modelling several related output variables through multi-task learning can improve the prediction results of the models significantly. In this work, we compared prediction results from singletask and multi-task learning multilayer perceptron models on measurements taken from the OpenSense dataset and the London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory dataset. LUR features were generated from OpenStreetMap using OpenLUR and used to train hard parameter sharing multilayer perceptron models. The results show multi-task learning with sufficient data significantly improves the performance of a LUR model.
MyTransport.SG as a new communication platform in implementing smart mobility in Singapore
Authors: Sukawan Haddad Al Rasyid , Rachmawati Rini 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The development and innovation of information, communication, and technology (ICT) are the key in implementing smart mobility in Singapore to create smart and sustainable mobility. One product of them is MyTransport.SG which has website and mobile application display. This research aimed to analyze MyTransport.SG in supporting the implementation of smart mobility and to understand the role of The Government of Singapore in developing this product. This research used qualitative method and collected the data from transportation and geography journal, government publications, direct observation, and interview to LTA representative as creator and developer of MyTransport.SG. The results showed that MyTransport.SG which was launched in 2011 has provided public informations, data, and report by The Government of Singapore. MyTransport.SG website provides static and dynamic transport dataset. Another display named MyTransport.SG mobile application is developed with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) using Global Positioning System (GPS). This product needs to improve data update and information delivery to create inclusive environment and smart mobility. Beside of a new communication platform, this innovation in MyTransport.SG has implemented smart mobility in Singapore by achieving informative, interactive, assistive, and green mobility variables. Also, MyTransport.SG is included to e-services application by The Government of Singapore to provide advanced, renewable, and sustainable transportation around Singapore.
Modeling and evaluation for effectiveness of dangerous chemicals transport vehicle based on ADC model
Authors: Zhou Kan , Huang Ge , Wang Hongbo , Huang Huang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on the ADC model proposed by WSEIAC, this paper establishes the effectiveness evaluation index system of the dangerous chemicals transport vehicle. Then the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are combined to distribute the index weight reasonably, and the ability value is quantified to establish the ADC effectiveness evaluation model of the system. Finally, an example is given to verify the evaluation model. The results show that the effectiveness evaluation model has the feasibility and reference value of engineering application.
Social resilience to climate and water-related disasters in the Poyang Lake area (East China) over the past 2000 years
Authors: He Lei , Chen Jilong , Yang Liang Emlyn , Li Guosheng , Lu Chengfang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The largest freshwater lake in China, the Poyang Lake, experienced a long history of evolution with combined influences from both climate factors and human activities. Along with the dramatic changes of water related disasters such as flood and drought, local society developed various strategies to cope with the water problems. This paper investigated the evolution of the Poyang Lake area, the flood and drought disasters, and the society resilience using statistical analysis, spatial analysis, and a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Historical data on climate, population, flood and drought, water engineering, and social economics were collected to support a detailed examination of the climate-hazard-society relationships. The results indicate that: (a) the lake area was mainly influenced by the warm and rainy climate and expanded significantly before the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368 AD). Since the large-scale southward population migration in the Yuan Dynasty, intensive reclamation of wetlands surrounding the lake plus the effects of a colder climate shrank the lake area sharply. (b) The frequency of water-related disasters was gradually increasing during the past 2000 years, especially since 12th century, as a result of climate change and population growth. (c) Despite significant change in climate and increasing flood and drought, local people in Poyang Lake area adopted various water engineering to prevent flood and coast training measures to protect farmland, which enabled the social surviving and continuous economic development. Social resilience in Poyang Lake was highly correlated with lake changes and associated water hazards. (d) Presently, more ecological strategies have been adopted to mitigate the risk of flood and drought at the Poyang Lake area. The study emphasizes the influences of climate and water environment and the coping activities of human society, and thus contributes to a specific understanding of resilient living with big lakes.
The Role of Artificial Lighting in Architectural Design: A Literature Review
Authors: Sholanke Anthony , Fadesere Oladimeji , Elendu Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Artificial lighting design is an integral part of the building design process. However, little or no emphasis is usually placed on its importance in the initial design process, as lighting is often understood as merely the idea of illuminating spaces. This paper investigated the evolved variety of roles artificial lighting plays in architectural designs in the context of psychology and communication. Data was compiled from existing knowledge on artificial lighting techniques, tools and practices to develop a literature for better understanding of the greater capabilities of artificial lighting within the urban context. The study focused mainly on the use of artificial lighting in the 21st century, in a bid to capture the diverse roles artificial lighting plays in the built environment in recent times. The study is a qualitative research that relied strictly on data from secondary sources. A total of twenty-eight relevant publications were sourced using Google search engine via the internet. The data were content analysed, grouped in themes and presented using descriptive approach. The study revealed that artificial lighting plays important roles in delineating spaces, beautifying environments, improving workers’ productivity level, as well as serving as a tool for navigation and communication in the urban environment. The paper concluded that over the years, artificial lighting has evolved beyond spatial illumination, but now functions as a tool for passive non-verbal communication. Therefore, planning for artificial lighting should be introduced early in the design process to avoid incurring unnecessary cost and time wasting usually associated with late decision making in the building industry.
Accelerating progress on sustainable development goals: Assessing secondary school students’ knowledge of climate change actions
Authors: Tunji-Olayeni PF , Adegboye F , Oluwatobi A , Adeyemi G , Olagunju O , Okoro A , Osabuohien ES 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The youth plays significant role in realising the sustainable development goals (SDGs). What young people know about the SDGs and how to engage with the SDGs can contribute significantly to the realisation of the SDGs within the shortest possible time. Specifically, climate change is central to the SDGs because of its substantial nexus with economic, social and environmental outcomes for all regions of the world. Thus, this study investigates climate change awareness among secondary school students to guide climate change mitigation strategies and practices among young people for the attainment of the SDGs. The study adopts a qualitative research approach using content analysis of the essays on climate change written and presented by students of different secondary schools in Ota, Nigeria. The analysis reveals, among other things, that the students are knowledgeable about climate change and that their schools are the most prevalent source of climate change knowledge. The most-reported climate change effect from the essays include: rise in global temperatures, melting of ice, flooding, rise in sea level, drought, extinction of terrestrial and marine life and health challenges. Common mitigation strategies suggested by the students entail awareness, tree planting, use of low carbon vehicles, use of energy-saving bulbs, reduction of carbon emissions, and recycling of waste. With adequate climate change knowledge and mitigation strategies, many young people can contribute and engage practically with the climate change discourse, thereby improving the climate change statistics in their regions and accelerating progress on the SDGs.
Users’ perception of the impact of prepaid metering on their energy consumption behaviour: A case study of Victoria Garden City, Lekki, Lagos State
Authors: Opoko A. P. , Asinobi A. A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
There is a global drive to reduce energy consumption. Consequently, many countries are adopting smart metering at the domestic level. In 2006, Nigeria commenced introduction of the electricity advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), a type of prepaid meter with some smart features. This paper examined theperceptions of domestic electricity consumers on changes in their electricity consumption behaviour since the installation of the prepaid meters in their homes. The specific objectives were to i) ascertain if there had been changes in consumers’ energy consumption behaviours, and ii) identify the most significant behavioural changes deemed to have taken place. Data for this paper was drawn from a case study involving 350 residents of the Victoria Garden City, Lagos State, Nigeria – one of the earliest residential neighbourhoods to benefit from the AMI programme in Nigeria. The quantitative research method using a questionnaire as the main data collection instrument was adopted for this research. However, it was complimented by qualitative data obtained through interviews using interview guides. The quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and was presented in tables. The qualitative data was content analysed. The study found that respondents perceived changes in their energy consumption, consciousness and behaviour since the installation of the prepaid meters in their homes. Out of the six energy consumption behaviours investigated, the three most highly ranked behaviours were switching off electrical appliances when not in use (4.32), consideration of energy rating of electrical appliances before purchases(4.26) and avoidance of use of some electrical appliances (4.17).A major implication of the findings is the need for the electricity distribution companies to encode more interactive features in the meters and support consumers with information that will guide their consumption behaviours to achieve maximum efficiency. This will entail devoting attention to research, sensitizations, feedbacks and other forms of engagement with customers.
Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery using Biosurfactant produced with Hyperthermophiles isolated from Subsurface Sandstone Reservoir
Authors: Okoro Emmanuel E. , Ewarezi Efajemue A. , Sanni Samuel E. , Ojo Temiloluwa , Emetere Moses E. , Omodara Julius O. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) among other enhanced oil recovery (EOR) innovation is an important alternative approach for oil recovery when primary and secondary methods aren’t productive. The responsible factor for MEOR procedure is the microbes and their by-products like biosurfactants, biopolymers and so on, biosurfactants assume key jobs such as degradation of hydrocarbon pollutants in soil, removal of metals from soil surfaces, dispersion of inorganic minerals in mining and manufacturing processes and so on. This study is focused on the application of isolated bacteria for the production of biosurfactants. From the isolation result Bacillus Nealsonii was the identified microbe Raise (R) and it was used to for the production of biosurfactant, the broth was used as the nutrient source and kerosene was the carbon source. Then this biosurfactant was applied in the MEOR at room temperature (27°C) using a reservoir permeability tester equipment. The recovery process using this biosurfactant gave 68.42% of residual oil recovery after the primary and secondary oil recovery, thus these hyperthermophiles are good agents for MEOR.
Drought susceptibility index and correlation of soybean based on yield and yield component
Authors: Kisman  , Hemon A F , Listiana B E , Ismayanti Febri Dwi , Asrul L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The objectives of this study were to know drought susceptible and resistant varieties of soybean-based on the average value of drought susceptibility index and correlation of yield and yield components traits under drought stress condition. This study was conducted using an experimental method and was laid out using Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), two factors with three replicates of each experimental unit. Factor 1 soybean variety consists of 7 genotypes: Lawit, Sibayak, Kaba, Pangrango, Seulawah, Nanti, and Burangrang, and factor 2 drought stress condition: no drought stress (reasonable condition), drought stress during the vegetative phase, drought stress during the generative phase, and drought stress during vegetative and generative phases. Yield component traits observed were the number of pod per plant, number of empty pod per plant, number of filled pod per plant, number of seeds per plant, the weight of 100 dry seeds, and seed weight per plant. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that: 1). Variety of Sibayak and Nanti, were classified as resistance to drought stress either during the vegetative phase, generative phase, or continuous drought. 2). The highly significant positive correlation of among yield and yield components of soybean under drought stress were: seed weight per plant - number of pods, seed weight per plant - number of filled pods, and seed weight per plant - number of seed per plant, while highly significant negative correlation occurred in the character of flowering date - 100 seed weight.
Reclamation of ex-nickel mining soil using organic plus fertilizer to support corn cultivation in Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Leomo S , Tufaila M , Adawiyah R , Anas A A , Rakian T C , Muhidin  , Mudi L , Aprianto E , Sutariati G A K , Lumoindong Y 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In addition to providing incomes for the country, mining activities can also cause land damage resulting in a decrease in soil function as a medium for growing plants. The study aim to analyse the growth and production of corn on ex-nickel mining soils that had been remediated using cover crops and rhizobacteria for five years (2013-2018). The research has arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with the treatment of organic fertilizer enriched with rhizobacteria of Bacillus sp and Pseudomonas sp (organic plus fertilizer), consisting of 6 levels, namely control without organic plus fertilizer (B0), 1 ton ha-1 (B1), 2 tons ha-1 (B2), 3 tons ha-1 (B3), 4 tons ha-1 (B4), and 5 tons ha-1 (B5). Each treatment was repeated three times so that there were 18 experimental units. The observed variables were plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, the weight of corn kernels per fruit, and weight of dried kernels per hectare. The results show that the application of organic plus fertilizer on the ex- nickel mining soils effectively increased the growth and production of corn.