bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of Papaver based on ITS2 barcoding
Authors: Cheng Liu , Lin Ziqing , Xin Cairui , Sun Haolin , Li Xinyu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn forensic cases suspected to involvePapaver somniferum, species identification is key to the investigation. To accurately detect and identifyP. somniferumas well as common adulterants of the same genus, 19 internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences ofP. somniferum(256 bp),Papaver canescens(254 bp),Papaver nudicaule(254 bp),Papaver pavoninum(250 bp),Papaver radicatum(254 bp), andPapaver rhoeas(256 bp) were obtained. Based on the ITS2 sequence, similarity analysis via BLAST, the nearest Kimura‐2‐parameter (K2P) genetic distances were calculated, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA X software for the identification of six species ofPapaver. Finally, differences in the ITS2 secondary structure between species were analyzed. The best matches of theP. somniferumITS2 sequence were of otherP. somniferumfrom different sources. The nearest K2P genetic distances betweenP. somniferumand its counterparts from other sources were zero, which was the smallest pairwise genetic distance among distances from the other five Papaver species. Various sources ofP. somniferumclustered into an independent branch in the phylogenetic tree. The secondary structures ofP. somniferumandP. rhoeaswere significantly different from those of the other four species of Papaver. In summary,P. somniferumcan be effectively distinguished from five closely related plants of the same genus by using ITS2 as a DNA barcode.
Bidirectional association between executive and physical functions among older adults: A systematic review
Authors: Heaw Yu Chi , Singh Devinder Kaur Ajit , Tan Maw Pin , Kumar Saravana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to examine the bidirectional associations between specific executive function (EF) and physical function (PF) subdomains among older adults.MethodsA systematic literature search (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, EBSCOHOST, Scopus and EmCare) was undertaken from February 2018 to May 2020. Observational studies measuring associations between EF and PF subdomains among older adults were included.ResultsTwenty‐nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Twenty‐seven studies reported associations between EF and PF. There were bidirectional associations between slower processing speed and slower gait speed; slower processing speed and lower muscle strength; and lower verbal fluency and slower gait speed. Lower muscle strength was unilaterally associated with lower working memory.ConclusionsWe found consistent bidirectional associations between processing speed with gait speed and muscle strength, and verbal fluency and gait speed. There was a unidirectional association between muscle strength and working memory. Common causal mechanisms for EF and PF require further studies.
Management and outcomes of patients for non‐functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: a multi‐institutional analysis
Authors: Du Bingqing , Wang Xing , Zhang Wangfa , Tan Qingquan , Wei Yisheng , Shao Zili 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo analysed the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of patients who underwent surgical resection for non‐functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NF‐PNETs) to gain insights into treatment approaches for this rare and heterogeneous entity.MethodsAll patients who underwent surgical resection for NF‐PNETs at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, from 2009 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The data of patients was including perioperative management, pathologic analysis and follow‐up.ResultsA total of 119 cases with histologically or cytologically confirmed NF‐PNETs, The mean age of the patients was 52, and 56.3% were female. Twenty‐three patients received post‐operative adjuvant therapy, and five of nine (55.6%) patients with distant metastasis showed recurrence 14(60.9%) G2/G3 patients without distant metastasis received post‐operative therapy with octreotide. Of these 14 patients, 3 (21.4%) revealed recurrence. Univariate analysis indicated that symptoms (P = 0.03), tumour size >4 cm (P = 0.029), ENETS stages III–IV (P < 0.001), positive lymph nodes (P < 0.001), vascular/perineural invasion (P < 0.001), and pathology grade G2 were associated with significantly higher risks of recurrence; age, gender, surgery type, and tumour location were not. Multivariate analysis revealed that positive lymph nodes (P < 0.001), vascular/peripheral invasion (P < 0.001), and pathology grade G3 (P = 0.03) are significant prognostic factors of tumour recurrence.ConclusionPositive lymph nodes, vascular/peripheral invasion and pathology grade G3 were related to recurrence of NF‐PNETs. Lymph node resection is recommend when FNA biopsy indicates pathology grade G3 for patients with NF‐PNETs.
A prospective cohort study of confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection during pregnancy evaluating SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in maternal and umbilical cord blood and SARS‐CoV‐2 in vaginal swabs
Authors: Milbak Julie , Holten Victoria M. F. , Axelsson Paul Bryde , Bendix Jane Marie , Aabakke Anna J. M. , Nielsen Lene , Friis Martin Barfred , Jensen Claus A. J. , Løkkegaard Ellen Christine Leth , Olsen Tina Elisabeth , Rode Line , Clausen Tine Dalsgaard 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionEvidence about the consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection in pregnancy is rapidly increasing; however, data on antibody response and risk of transmission during pregnancy and delivery are still limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate if SARS‐CoV‐2 is detectable in vaginal swabs and whether antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 are present in maternal and umbilical cord blood of pregnant women with confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2.Material and methodsA single‐unit prospective cohort study in Denmark including pregnant women with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection confirmed by a pharyngeal swab between August 20, 2020, and March 1, 2021, who gave birth during the same period. All patients admitted to the maternity ward and antepartum clinic were screened for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. A maternal blood sample and vaginal swabs were collected at inclusion. If included antepartum, these samples were repeated intrapartum when an umbilical cord blood sample was also collected. Swabs were analyzed for SARS‐CoV‐2 and blood samples were analyzed for SARS‐CoV‐2 total antibodies. Placental and neonatal swabs as well as placental histopathological examinations were performed on clinical indications.ResultsWe included 28 women, of whom four had serious maternal or fetal outcomes including one case of neonatal death. Within the first 8 days after confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, SARS‐CoV‐2 was detectable in two vaginal swabs (2/28) and SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies were detected in 1 of 13 women. From 16 days after confirmed infection, antibodies were observed in 19 of 21 of women. Antibodies in cord blood were not detected during the first 16 days after confirmed infection (n = 7). However, from 26 days, antibodies were present in 16 of 17 cord blood samples of seropositive mothers. Placental examination in two cases of severe fetal outcomes preceded by reduced fetal movements revealed SARS‐CoV‐2 in swabs and severe histopathological abnormalities.ConclusionsSARS‐CoV‐2 was detected in only 2 of 28 vaginal swabs within 8 days after confirmed infection in pregnant women. Our data suggest that maternal seroconversion occurs between days 8 and 16, whereas antibodies in cord blood of seropositive mothers were present in the majority from 26 days after confirmed infection. Additional data are needed regarding timing of seroconversion for the mother and appearance of antibodies in cord blood.
Understanding “Zoom fatigue”: A mixed‐method approach
Authors: Nesher Shoshan Hadar , Wehrt Wilken 
Published: November 2021

AbstractVideo conference meetings, which became frequent during the COVID‐19 pandemic, might result in exhaustion (so‐called “Zoom fatigue”). However, only little is known about “Zoom fatigue,” the objective characteristics shaping it, and the subjective experiences eliciting this phenomenon. Gaining this knowledge is critical for understanding work life during the pandemic. Study 1, a within‐person quantitative investigation, tested whether video conferences are exhausting and if objective characteristics (i.e. meeting size, meeting duration, and the presence of the supervisor) moderate “Zoom fatigue”. Employees from Germany and Israel (N = 81) participated in a 2‐week study, with meetings nested within persons (n = 988). Results showed that video conferences are exhausting—more than meetings held through other media. However, objective characteristics did not moderate this relationship. In Study 2, qualitative data from Germany and Israel (N = 53) revealed employees' subjective experiences in video conferences that may lead to “Zoom fatigue”. These include, for example, experiences of loss and comparison with the “good old times” before the pandemic. Employees suggested ways to mitigate “Zoom fatigue,” particularly, better management of meetings by leaders. Our results provide empirical support for “Zoom fatigue” and suggest which subjective experiences elicit this phenomenon, opening directions for research and practice.
The environmental impact of inhalers for asthma: A green challenge and a golden opportunity
Authors: Wilkinson Alex , Woodcock Ashley 
Published: November 2021

The propellants in metered‐dose inhalers (MDIs) are powerful greenhouse gases, which account for approximately 13% of the NHS's carbon footprint related to the delivery of care. Most MDI use is in salbutamol relievers in patients with poorly controlled disease. The UK lags behind Europe in this regard, with greater reliance on salbutamol MDI and correspondingly greater greenhouse gas emissions, roughly treble that of our European neighbours. There has been a broad switch towards MDIs in asthma treatment in the UK over the last 20 years to reduce financial costs, such that the treatment for two‐thirds of asthma patients in the UK is dominated by salbutamol MDI. Strategies that replace overuse of reliever MDIs with regimes emphasising inhaled corticosteroids have the potential to improve asthma control alongside significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Real‐world evidence shows that once‐daily long‐acting combination dry‐powder inhalers (DPIs) can improve compliance and asthma control, and reduce the carbon footprint of care. Similarly, maintenance and reliever therapy (MART), which uses combination reliever and inhaled steroids in one device (usually a DPI), can simplify therapy, improve asthma control and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Both treatment strategies are popular with patients, most of whom would be willing to change treatment to reduce their carbon footprint.By focussing on patients who are currently using high amounts of salbutamol MDI and prioritising inhaled steroids via DPIs, there are golden opportunities to make asthma care in the UK more effective, safer and greener.
Transition stories: Voices of school leavers with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Scanlon Geraldine , Doyle Alison 
Published: November 2021

Accessible summaryThis paper focuses on the transition stories of young people with intellectual disabilities.People with intellectual disabilities have the lowest participation rates in further education training and employment.A model of supported transition places the young person at the centre of the process.Young people with intellectual disabilities have the same dreams and aspirations for their lives as everybody else.This paper found that the model of supported transition aligns with proposed national polices in the Republic of Ireland.AbstractBackgroundThe principal destinations for school leavers with intellectual disabilities from special schools in Ireland are further education (FE) through providers such as the National Learning Network or training and employment (TE) within adult day services and rehabilitation centres. In 2015, a number of inherent barriers to participation in FE/TE for young people with intellectual disabilities were identified. These were found to be linked to attitudes, stigma and low expectations of their capabilities. This resulted in the development of a supported transition model WALK PEER (Providing Equal Employment Routes).MethodsThis study explored the experiences of school leavers with intellectual disabilities who were engaging with the WALK PEER model. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 31 students with intellectual disabilities from two special schools: Group 1 (Pre‐transition) students in the penultimate year of formal education, Group 2 (Transitioning) students in the final year of formal education and Group 3 (Post‐transition) had left school two years previously.FindingsEngaging in the supported transition programme provided young people with access to information, options, confidence and some of the hard and soft skills required for successful transition into education and employment contexts.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate a strong correlation between support programmes, transition planning and positive transitions, which is critical if young people with intellectual disabilities are to realise their goals. The research proposes a new model of“Supported Transition”that has clear implications for the development of a national transition policy as directed by the Comprehensive Employment Strategy.
Multi‐source BERT stack ensemble for cross‐domain author profiling
Authors: Delmondes Neto José Pereira , Paraboni Ivandré 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAuthor profiling is the computational task of inferring an author's demographics (e.g., gender, age etc.) based on text samples written by them. As in other text classification tasks, optimal results are usually obtained by using training data taken from the same text genre as the target application, in so‐called in‐domain settings. On the other hand, when training data in the required text genre is unavailable, a possible alternative is to perform cross‐domain author profiling, that is, building a model from a source domain (e.g., Facebook posts), and then using it to classify text in a different target domain (e.g., e‐mails.) Methods of this kind may however suffer from cross‐domain vocabulary discrepancies and other difficulties. As a means to ameliorate these, the present work discusses a particular strategy for cross‐domain author profiling in which multiple source domains are combined in a stack ensemble architecture of pre‐trained language models. Results from this approach are shown to compare favourably against standard single‐source cross‐domain author profiling, and are found to reduce overall accuracy loss in comparison with optimal in‐domain gender and age classification.
Compassionate practice in a hospital setting. Experiences of patients and health professionals: A narrative inquiry
Authors: Durkin Joanne , Jackson Debra , Usher Kim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo explore how compassion is received by patients in a hospital setting and how compassion is expressed by health professionals in a hospital setting.BackgroundCompassion is important to health professionals and patients. Perceived deficits in compassion in healthcare have led increasing concerns about the quality of care for patients. To better understand compassionate practice in a hospital setting we used narrative inquiry to explore the expression of compassion by health professionals and the experience of receiving compassion by patients.DesignNarrative Inquiry. Reported in line with Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted with 24 patients and health professionals in Australia. Data were collected between August 2018 and August 2019. Narrative analysis processes were used to develop a thematic framework.ResultsCompassionate practice is presented as an overarching theme and comprises of three themes: (1) Amalgamation of various knowledges and skills (2) Delivery of meaningful actions which alleviate suffering and (3) Meeting individual needs and prevention of further preventable suffering. The expression of compassion by health professionals involved the fusion of many skills and knowledges. Patients received compassion through the actions of the health professional which alleviated their suffering.ConclusionCompassionate practice is both important, and complex. Presence, skilled and purposeful action and the alleviation of suffering are essential to the expression and receipt of compassion in the hospital setting.ImpactFindings from this study contribute to the growing body of literature on compassionate practice in health settings, specifically in how it is expressed and received in a hospital setting. The complexity of compassion is explained for health professionals. Compassion was shown to be embedded in the caring moments between health professionals and patients. This paper explains the different elements that comprise compassion which can guide health professional practice. The importance of seemingly small acts has a big impact on patients, families and health professionals. There is a need for greater stakeholder value and recognition of this aspect of practice.
Mental health risk among children during COVID‐19 lockdown
Authors: Asif Marium , Ullah Irfan , Kumari Usha , Munir Saqib , Tahir Muhammad Junaid , Asghar Muhammad Sohaib 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has created a hugely detrimental impact on the psychological health of people around the world. Children are extremely vulnerable; therefore, it is of utmost importance to discuss the prevalence of the symptoms, their associated risk factors, and the strategies to identify and understand their deteriorating mental health (MH) before it leads to disastrous outcomes. Hence, parents and schools should come together in devising modes to create an environment in which children can easily tackle the lockdown periods which have become the new reality. Negative effects on MH have long‐term consequences, therefore necessary interventions must take place.
Management of intrauterine adhesions using human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells to promote endometrial regeneration and repair through Notch signalling
Authors: Yu Jie , Zhang Wenwen , Huang Jiayue , Gou Yating , Sun Congcong , Zhang Yingfeng , Mao Yanhua , Wu Benyuan , Li Changjiang , Liu Nizhou , Wang Tingting , Huang Jiren , Wang Jia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntrauterine adhesions (IUAs) severely hamper women's reproductive functions. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cell (hAMSC) transplantation is effective in treating IUAs. Here, we examined the function of Notch signalling in IUA treatment with hAMSC transplantation. Forty‐five Sprague‐Dawley female rats were randomly divided into the sham operation, IUA, IUA + E2, IUA + hAMSCs and IUA + hAMSCs + E2 groups. After IUA induction in the rats, hAMSCs promoted endometrial regeneration and repair via differentiation into endometrial epithelial cells. In all groups, the expression of key proteins in Notch signalling was detected in the uterus by immunohistochemistry. The results indicated Notch signalling activation in the hAMSCs and hAMSCs + E2 groups. We could also induce hAMSC differentiation to generate endometrial epithelial cells in vitro. Furthermore, the inhibition of Notch signalling using the AdR‐dnNotch1 vector suppressed hAMSC differentiation (assessed by epithelial and mesenchymal marker levels), whereas its activation using the AdR‐Jagged1 vector increased differentiation. The above findings indicate Notch signalling mediates the differentiation of hAMSCs into endometrial epithelial cells, thus promoting endometrial regeneration and repair; Notch signalling could have an important function in IUA treatment.
Morphology and chemical characteristics of taste buds associated with P2X3‐immunoreactive afferent nerve endings in the rat incisive papilla
Authors: Ito Motoi , Yokoyama Takuya , Hirakawa Masato , Yamamoto Yoshio , Sakanoue Wakana , Sato Kenichi , Saino Tomoyuki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present study investigated the cellular components and afferent innervations of taste buds in the rat incisive papilla by immunohistochemistry using confocal scanning laser microscopy. Taste buds containing guanine nucleotide‐binding protein G(t), subunit α3 (GNAT3)‐imunoreactive cells were densely distributed in the lateral wall of incisive papilla forming the opening of nasoincisor ducts. GNAT3‐immunoreactive cells in the taste buds were slender in shape and the tips of apical processes gathered at one point at the surface of the epithelium. The number of taste buds was 56.8 ± 4.5 in the incisive papilla. The incisive taste buds also contained ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 2‐immunoreactive cells and synaptotagmin‐1‐immunoreactive cells in addition to GNAT3‐immunoreactive cells. Furthermore, GNAT3‐immunoreactive cells were immunoreactive to taste transduction molecules such as phospholipase C, β2‐subunit, and inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptor, type 3. P2X3‐immunoreactive subepithelial nerve fibers intruded into the taste buds and terminated with hederiform or calix‐like nerve endings attached to GNAT3‐immunoreactive cells and synaptosomal‐associated protein, 25 kDa‐immunoreactive cells. Some P2X3‐immunoreactive endings were also weakly immunoreactive for P2X2. Furthermore, a retrograde tracing method using fast blue dye indicated that most of the P2X3‐immunoreactive nerve endings originated from the geniculate ganglia (GG) of the facial nerve. These results suggest that incisive taste buds are morphologically and cellularly homologous to lingual taste buds and are innervated by P2X3‐immunoreactive nerve endings derived from the GG. The incisive papilla may be the palatal taste papilla that transmits chemosensory information in the oral cavity to the GG via P2X3‐immunoreactive afferent nerve endings.