bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indian Tribal Educational System for the Santal Children of Mayurbhanj District of Odisha: A Psychosocial Analysis
Authors: Dr. Ratnakar Mohapatra Singo Hembram , 
Published: February 2021

The study on educational system of the Santals of Mayurbhanj is an interesting aspect of the tribal education of Odisha in Eastern India. Santals are the the largest number of people among the total tribal population of Odisha. Education of the tribal communities /societies has helped in preservation of social structure and goal achievement. The Santals are largely residing in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. The development of education of the Santals of Mayurbhanj district is the main part of the tribal educational system of the state of Odisha. Odisha has possessed a distinct place in tribal history of India and it is the home of a number of different types of tribes. Different developmental programmes / schemes for education have been implemented through the Governments and Non Government agencies for the educational improvement of the tribal children of Odisha in general and Santal children in particular. On the basis of field study made by the earlier scholars including the present authors, the people of Santal tribe/society are mostly residing in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. In fact, most of the tribes of Odisha in Eastern India have no written languages, but in case of Santala tribe, it has a written language with a specific ‘Ol Chiki’ script for the use of its own people. The Santal children of Mayurbhanj district are more interested in modern education in comparison to other tribal children of Odisha. At present the educated people of Santal tribe of Mayurbhanj have been able to organize their socio-cultural associations for preservation of their traditional culture. The aim of this paper is to focus on educational system for the Santal children of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha along with to highlight their receptive minds for receiving modern education for their moral as well as physical developments for entry into the main stream of the present / modern society. Methodologically, both the primary and secondary sources have been carefully utilised in the present article
ERS: Latent Dirichlet Allocation Based E-Commerce Recommendation System Using Deep Neural Network
Authors: Dr. S. Sheeja R. Preethi, 
Published: February 2021

Online shopping is the best solution for busy life in today’s world. In the past decade, there had been a massive change in the way of customer’s shopping. In days individuals can help by keeping their time and effort by purchasing pieces online with various websites. Their particular working experience using a system is present in reviews/feedback given for these products. Recommender’s solutions offer heart-felt selections so that people can end-users just by recording their valuable pursuits together with preferences. Recommender devices provide fantastic opportunities to organizations; therefore, establishing new recommender system strategies and strategies has been increasing the focus. In this document, the ERS (Ecommerce recommendation system) using a serious neural community is recommended. We tend to produce some glossary about capabilities from each product or service kind and examine these to get rid of unimportant phrases by using Latent Dirichlet Allocation. Afterward, people being used any full nerve system network having the capacity to extract rich features inside reviews-characteristics matrix to deal with sparsity, ambiguity, apart from redundancy. Most people have applied factorization because of the collaborative, integrated choice supply regulations.
Prevalence of voice disorders in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Shrestha Susmita , Kharel Bijaya , Amatya Yogendra , Adhikary Anil K. , Neupane Yogesh 
Published: February 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Human voice is unique due to laryngeal configuration. However, change in voice is common with age and gender. It can also be altered by vocal abuse and misuse leading to different types of voice disorders. So, the present study aims to study the prevalence of voice disorder in patients visiting the voice clinic ENT-HNS department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital tertiary care center. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective study carried out among the patients visiting voice clinic in the department of ENT-HNS for a duration of one year. The patients were evaluated for voice disorder by a team of ENT doctors and Speech pathologists using perceptual and instrumental evaluation. The patients who required surgical intervention were excluded. A descriptive study was done among patients with voice disorders requiring voice therapy. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 296 patients, the most common age group was 25-50 years with more females compared to males. Structural cause for voice disorder was most common in all age groups and gender in both professional and non-professional voice users but it was more prevalent in professional voice users.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Voice disorders were more frequent in females than males and also in professional voice users as they tend to use voice more daily. The structural cause for voice disorder is the major cause of voice problems in all age groups. </p>
Response of Wheat to Foliar and Soil P Fertilization on Grain Yield and Phosphorus use Efficiency in Southeastern Algeria
Authors: Boukhalfa-Deraoui N. , Hanifi-Mekliche L. , Mekliche A. 
Published: February 2021

Background: P deficiency is very common in alkaline - calcareous soil. Therefore, application of foliar-absorbed fertilizers may be an effective strategy to overcome the low bioavailability of phosphorus in soil, by improving phosphorus use efficiency and reduced nutrients loses. Methods: A field experiment was carried out in 2006-07 growing season at El-Menia (southeastern Algeria) to evaluated the effect of two foliar P (agriphos and leader-start) and three soil P (TSP P 46, Fosfactyl NP 3:22 and NPKs 8:36:13,5+15) on yield and P use efficiency of durum wheat crop Triticum durum Desf. var. Carioca and on available P and total P in soil. Result: Data showed that significant effect of soil P fertilizer on grain yield components (ears m-², grains ear-1 and the 1000 grains weight), grain P use efficiency and available P in soil. The best values were recorded by NPKs fertilizer, but no differences were observed for these parameters among foliar fertilizer sources.
Predicting innovative work behaviors through transformational leadership
Authors: Gashema Bruce 
Published: February 2021

To stay competitive and viable in today's rapidly evolving and highly hostile market climate, companies need to concentrate more on innovation. In this regard, the specific quality of transformational leadership has been strongly linked to organizational innovativeness. However, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between transformational leadership and the innovation behavior of employees. The literature review developed in the current study is fundamentally centered on how transformational leaders value innovation by facilitating organizational learning to foster innovative behavior among employees. Corporate social responsibilities as an organizational level factor that can drive employee attitudes were also examined as a moderating effect in this relationship. The rationale of the relationship of the variables is supported by both transformational leadership theory (TFL) and social exchange theory (SET). Data were collected from corporate social responsibility engaged SMEs operating in Rwanda. Using Cranach’s alpha reliability and validity were tested while structural equation modeling (SEM) was used in analyzing data. The findings of this study intend to fill some gaps in the current literature such as the introduction of CSR in the relationship between top managerial level leadership, organizational learning, and innovation behavior of employees, also introducing SET to explain such important relationship
ANALISIS PENGARUH TRUST, PRICE, BRAND IMAGE, SERVICE QUALITY, DAN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION PELANGGAN KEDAI MINUMAN BOBA
Authors: Raza Wardani  , Faunillah Oktavia  , Shofiyah Azizah Ali  , Usep Suhud  
Published: February 2021

This research was conducted to examine what influences the purchase intention of customers when buying a boba drink product "Chatime". This study uses the variabels of trust, price, brand image, service quality, and purchase intention to measure. The study was conducted in Jakarta on October 14-30, 2021. The data was collected using a questionnaire distributed online using a purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 204 pesertats, consisting of 70 men and 134 women. The data were processed using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation models. The results showed that not all variabels resulted in a positive relationship. So, it can be concluded that service quality affects customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction affect purchase intention positively and significantly. Meanwhile, brand image, price, and trust have a negative and low influence on customer satisfaction and purchase intention.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji apa saja yang mempengaruhi niat pembelian pelanggan ketika membeli suatu produk minuman boba “Chatime”. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel kepercayaan, harga, citra merek, kualitas layanan, dan niat membeli untuk mengukur. Penelitian dilakukan di Jakarta pada tanggal 14-30 Oktober 2021. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang disebar secara daring dengan teknik purposive sampling dan didapat sampel sebanyak 204 peserta, yang terdiri dari 70 orang pria dan 134 wanita. Data diolah menggunakan analisis faktor eksploratori dan model persamaan struktural. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua variabel menghasilkan hubungan yang positif. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas layanan mempengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan dan keputusan pelanggan mempengaruhi niat beli secara positif dan signifikan. Sedangkan citra merek, harga, dan kepercayaan memiliki pengaruh negatif dan rendah terhadap kepuasan konsumen dan niat beli.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote the survival of irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via the NF-κB pathway
Authors: Weiqiang Huang , Longshan Zhang , Mi Yang , Xixi Wu , Xiaoqing Wang , Wenqi Huang , Lu Yuan , Hua Pan , Yin Wang , Zici Wang , Yuting Wu , Jihong Huang , Huazhen Liang , Shaoqun Li , Liwei Liao , Laiyu Liu , Jian Guan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Irradiation has emerged as a valid tool for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in situ treatment; however, NPC derived from tissues treated with irradiation is a main cause cancer-related death. The purpose of this study is to uncover the underlying mechanism regarding tumor growth after irradiation and provided potential therapeutic strategy. Methods: Fibroblasts were extracted from fresh NPC tissue and normal nasopharyngeal mucosa. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to measure the expression of α-SMA and FAP. Cytokines were detected by protein array chip and identified by real-time PCR. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Radiation-resistant (IRR) 5-8F cell line was established and colony assay was performed to evaluate tumor cell growth after irradiation. Signaling pathways were acquired via gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Comet assay and γ-H2AX foci assay were used to measure DNA damage level. Protein expression was detected by western blot assay. In vivo experiment was performed subcutaneously. Results: We found that radiation-resistant NPC tissues were constantly infiltrated with a greater number of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) compared to radiosensitive NPC tissues. Further research revealed that CAFs induced the formation of radioresistance and promoted NPC cell survival following irradiation via the IL-8/NF-κB pathway to reduce irradiation-induced DNA damage. Treatment with Tranilast, a CAF inhibitor, restricted the survival of CAF-induced NPC cells and attenuated the of radioresistance properties. Conclusions: Together, these data demonstrate that CAFs can promote the survival of irradiated NPC cells via the NF-κB pathway and induce radioresistance that can be interrupted by Tranilast, suggesting the potential value of Tranilast in sensitizing NPC cells to irradiation.
Diagnostic accuracy of symptoms as a diagnostic tool for SARS-CoV 2 infection: a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 2,173 patients&nbsp;
Authors: Romero-Gameros Carlos Alfonso , Colin-Martínez Tania , Waizel-Haiat Salomón , Vargas-Ortega Guadalupe , Ferat-Osorio Eduardo , Guerrero-Paz José Alberto , Intriago-Alor Marielle , López-Moreno Mayra Alejandra , Cuevas-García Carlos Fredy , Zubieta Victoria Mendoza , Martínez-Ordaz Jose Luis , González-Virla Baldomero 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues to be a priority health problem; According to the World Health Organization data from October 13, 2020, 37,704,153 confirmed COVID-19 cases have been reported, including 1,079,029 deaths, since the outbreak. The identification of potential symptoms has been reported to be a useful tool for clinical decision-making in emergency departments to avoid overload and improve the quality of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performances of symptoms as a diagnostic tool for SARS -CoV-2 infection.Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, prospective and analytical study was carried out, during the period of time from April 14 to July 21, 2020. Data (demographic variables, medical history, respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms) were collected by emergency physicians. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was made using SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. The diagnostic accuracy of these characteristics for COVID-19 was evaluated by calculating the positive and negative likelihood ratios. A Mantel-Haenszel and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association of symptoms with COVID-19.Results: A prevalence of 53.72% of SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed. The symptom with the highest sensitivity was cough 71%, and a specificity of 52.68%. The symptomatological scale, constructed from 6 symptoms, obtained a sensitivity of 83.45% and a specificity of 32.86%, taking ≥ 2 symptoms as a cut-off point. The symptoms with the greatest association with SARS-CoV-2 were: anosmia odds ratio (OR) 3.2 (95% CI; 2.52-4.17), fever OR 2.98 (95% CI; 2.47-3.58), dyspnea OR 2.9 (95% CI; 2.39-3.51]) and cough OR 2.73 (95% CI: 2.27-3.28).Conclusion: The combination of ≥ 2 symptoms / signs (fever, cough, anosmia, dyspnea and oxygen saturation <93%, and headache) results in a highly sensitivity model for a quick and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19, and should be used in the absence of ancillary diagnostic studies. Symptomatology, alone and in combination, may be an appropriate strategy to use in the emergency department to guide the behaviors to respond to the disease.Trial registration: Institutional registration R-2020-3601-145, Federal Commission for the Protection against Sanitary Risks 17 CI-09-015-034, National Bioethics Commission: 09 CEI-023-2017082.
Urine Specimen Collection For Diagnosing a Urinary Tract Infection-Patient Experience and Preference For Urine Specimen Collection: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Collins Linda , Khasriya Rajvinder , Malone-Lee James 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background A urinary tract infection (UTI) is very common and patients frequently present to their General Practitioner and emergency department with symptoms. Diagnosis of the infection is made by examining fresh urine with microscopy, to detect white cells and epithelial cells shed from the bladder or by submitting the urine for microbial culture. Patients are often requested to provide a urine specimen, but very little is known about the patient experiences of carrying out the task or their preference of specimen collection method. The aim of this study was to explore patient experiences and preferences between four different urine specimen collection methods for diagnosing the presence of a UTI.Materials Semi-structured interviews were conducted and explored patient experiences of four different urine specimen collection methods (midstream urine specimen (MSU), catheter specimen (CSU), Peezy MSU™ and Natural void). The interviews consisted of four open-ended questions and all data were collated and organised using NVivo to establish themes that emerged from the data.Results The natural void without technique was repeatedly referred to and was regarded as being the most straightforward of all of the sampling methods. Pain symptoms were described only in the catheter method and not in the MSU, Peezy MSU™ or natural void method. The catheter was regarded as the urine collection method that produced the best specimen for diagnostic testing by the patients’. Conclusion A majority of the participants expressed the desire for straightforward urine sampling methods and preferred the natural void as a standard method in clinical practice.
Perfluorooctanoic Acid Exposure in Early Pregnancy Induces Oxidative Stress in The Uterus and Liver in Mice
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhang Linchao , Bao JiaLu , Liu LianTao , Wang Xiaodan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To investigate the mechanism perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)’s toxicity on the uterus and liver of the mice during early pregnancy, pregnant mice were given 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg PFOA daily by gavage from gestational day (GD) 1-7, and sacrificed on GD 9. Uterus and liver weight were recorded, liver and uterine indexes were calculated, histopathological changes of the liver and uterus were examined, and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in liver were detected by spectrophotometric method. Expression of FAS, FASL, Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 in decidual cells were detected by immunohistochemistry and the TUNEL method was used to detect apoptotic uterine cells. Results showed that liver weight increased, and the uterus index was significantly reduced at 40 mg/kg compared with the control group. With increasing doses of PFOA, levels of SOD and GSH-PX were significantly decreased, and MDA significantly increased in liver tissue. 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of PFOA caused greater harm to the uterus and congestion and resorption may occur. Expression of FAS, FASL, Bax, and Caspase-3 in decidual cells of the uterus in PFOA treatment groups significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated, which decreased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. It is therefore proposed that oxidative damage may be one of the mechanisms by which PFOA induces liver toxicity, and a subsequent increase in uterine cell apoptosis may induce embryo loss or damage.
Forced Swimming and Crocin Supplementation Protects Rat Cardiomyocytes From H2O2‐Induced Apoptosis
Authors: Akbari Mina , Shahidi Fereshteh , Rajabi Hamid , Kashef Majid 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Oxidative stress and hypoxia/reperfusion can damage cells and lead to apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Physical activities and antioxidants supplementations have shown to have potent anti-apoptotic properties. This study aimed to determine the interactive effect of forced swimming and Crocin supplementation on apoptotic and anti-apoptotic cardiomyocytes gene expression in male rats infected with H2O2.Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided randomly into six groups of sham, control, H2O2, H2O2+forced swimming, H2O2+ Crocin, H2O2+ forced swimming, and H2O2+ forced swimming+ Crocin. The forced swimming protocol was two stages. Crocin injected a dose of 12.5 mg/kg through the intraperitoneal route. Real-time PCR was used to reveal the expression of Bcl2, Bax, and Caspas3 genes. Also, apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL staining.Results: H2O2 exposure was associated with a significant increase in the apoptotic gene expression of BAX and caspase3 and a decrease in anti-apoptotic BCL-2 gene expression. Administration of Crocin and six weeks of forced swimming resulted in a significant decrease in the expression of BAX. Also, treatment accompanied by forced swimming and Crocin significantly reduced the expression of caspase3 and increased BCL-2 expression as compared to the H2O2 group.Conclusion: Our results reveal that regular forced swimming and Crocin consumption led to a significant reduction in gene expression of BAX and caspase3 and the significant increase in anti-apoptotic gene expression of BCL-2 in rats' cardiomyocytes.
FMRI Functional Connectivity Evaluation in Alzheimer’s Stages: Linear and Non-Linear Approaches
Authors: Ahmadi Hessam , Fatemizadeh Emad , Nasrabadi Ali Motie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Neuroimaging data analysis reveals the underlying interactions in the brain. It is essential, yet controversial, to choose a proper tool to manifest brain functional connectivity. In this regard, researchers have not reached a definitive conclusion between the linear and non-linear approaches, as both have pros and cons. In this study, to evaluate this concern, the functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data of different stages of Alzheimer’s disease are investigated. In the linear approach, the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) is employed as a common technique to generate brain functional graphs. On the other hand, for non-linear approaches, two methods including Distance Correlation (DC) and the kernel trick are utilized. By the use of the three mentioned routines and graph theory, functional brain networks of all stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are constructed and then sparsed. Afterwards, graph global measures are calculated over the networks and a non-parametric permutation test is conducted. Results reveal that the non-linear approaches have more potential to discriminate groups in all stages of AD. Moreover, the kernel trick method is more powerful in comparison to the DC technique. Nevertheless, AD degenerates the brain functional graphs more at the beginning stages of the disease. At the first phase, both functional integration and segregation of the brain degrades, and as AD progressed brain functional segregation further declines. The most distinguishable feature in all stages is the clustering coefficient that reflects brain functional segregation.