bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Villafranca catalog of Galactic OB groups
Authors: Maíz Apellániz J. , Barbá R. H. , Fernández Aranda R. , Pantaleoni González M. , Crespo Bellido P. , Sota A. , Alfaro E. J. 
Published: October 2021

Context.This is the second paper of a series on Galactic OB groups that uses astrometric and photometric data fromGaiaand spectral classifications from the Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS) and the Library of Libraries of Massive-star high-Resolution spectra (LiLiMaRlin). The previous paper was based on the secondGaiadata release (DR2). Since then, the early thirdGaiadata release (EDR3) has appeared with new astrometry and photometry.Aims.The two aims of this paper are to revise the results for the sample from Paper I usingGaiaEDR3 data and to expand the sample of analyzed stellar groups to 26, from Villafranca O-001 to Villafranca O-026.Methods.We used GOSSS to select Galactic stellar groups with O stars and an updated version of the method in Paper 0 of this series, combiningGaiaEDR3 G +GBP+GRPphotometry, positions, proper motions, and parallaxes to assign memberships and measure distances. We present 99 spectra from GOSSS and 32 from LiLiMaRlin for stars in the analyzed groups or in their foreground.Results.We derived distances to the 26 stellar groups with unprecedented precision and accuracy, with total (random plus systematic) uncertainties lower than 1% for distances within 1 kpc and of ∼3% around 3 kpc, which are values almost four times better than forGaiaDR2. We provide homogeneous spectral types for 110 stars and correct a number of errors in the literature, especially for objects in Villafranca O-023 (Orion nebula cluster). For each group, we discuss its membership and present possible runaway and walkaway stars. At least two of the studied groups, Villafranca O-O12 S in NGC 2467 and Villafranca O-014 NW in the North America nebula, are orphan clusters in which the most massive stars have been ejected by dynamical interactions, leaving objects with a capped mass function. The existence of such clusters has important consequences for the study of the initial mass function (IMF), the distribution of supernova explosions across the Galaxy, and the population and dynamics of isolated compact objects. We fit pre-main-sequence (PMS) isochrones to the color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of four clusters to derive ages of 2.0 ± 0.5 Ma for Villafranca O-026 (σOrionis cluster), 4 ± 2 Ma for Villafranca O-016 (NGC 2264), 5.0 ± 0.5 Ma for Villafranca O-021 (NGC 2362), and 8 ± 2 Ma for Villafranca O-024 (γVelorum cluster).
Video Consultation for Parents with a Child Newly Diagnosed with Type
1 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Doerdelmann Jana , Frielitz Fabian-Simon , Lange Karin , Meinsen Tanja , Reimers Sandra , Ottersberg Tanja , Katalinic Alexander , Hiort Olaf , von Sengbusch Simone 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aims With the exception of the coronavirus pandemic, video consultations
have not been a part of the standard care for children with diabetes in Germany.
The "Virtual Diabetes Outpatient Clinic for Children and Adolescents
2.0" (VIDIKI 2.0) study investigated the effect of monthly and
supplementary video consultations on standard care over one year. The
qualitative substudy investigated the experiences of families with a child newly
diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who received at least four weekly
supplementary video consultations.
Methods Guideline-based qualitative interviews were conducted with seven
families with children under the age of eight and T1DM onset shortly before
study entry. The answers were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis
approach, particularly inductive category formation.
Results Families of patients with T1DM onset have questions, almost daily,
concerning various aspects of insulin therapy. The offer of high-frequency video
consultations can reduce the number of trips to the diabetes team, facilitate
the organization of daily life and increase the sense of security.
Conclusion Video consultations as a supplementary offer of health care,
especially after diabetes onset, were considered very helpful by the affected
families. High-frequency video consultations may provide a tool to overcome
existing deficiencies in specialized diabetes care.
Complement Activation Fragments in Cervicovaginal Fluid Are Associated with Intra-Amniotic Infection/Inflammation and Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Women with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Hong Subeen , Lee Se Jin , Kim Yu Mi , Lee Young Eun , Park Yehyon , Kim Hyeon Ji , Park Kyo Hoon 
Published: October 2021

Objective We sought to determine whether the levels of complement and other inflammatory and angiogenic mediators in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) are independently associated with intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation (IAI) and imminent spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB, £48 hours of sampling) in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).
Study Design This was a retrospective study consisting of 85 singleton pregnant women with PPROM at 200/7 to 336/7 weeks. Amniotic fluid (AF) obtained via amniocentesis was cultured and assayed for interleukin-6. CVF samples collected at the time of amniocentesis were assayed for complement C3a, C4a, and C5a, HSP70 (heat shock protein 70), M-CSF (macrophage colony-stimulating factor), M-CSF-R (macrophage colony-stimulating factor-receptor), S100 A8, S100 A9, thrombospondin-2, VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor), and VEGFR-1 (vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor 1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that elevated CVF concentrations of complement C3a, 4a, and 5a were significantly associated with an increased risk of IAI and imminent SPTB, whereas those of M-CSF were associated with IAI, but not imminent SPTB (p = 0.063), after adjustment for baseline covariates (e.g., gestational age at sampling). However, univariate, and multivariate analyses showed that the CVF concentrations of angiogenic (thrombospondin-2, VEGF, and VEGFR-1) and inflammatory (HSP70, M-CSF-R, S100 A8, and S100 A9) proteins were not associated with either IAI or imminent SPTB.
Conclusion In women with PPROM, elevated CVF concentrations of complement C3a, C4a, and C5a are independently related to an increased risk of IAI and imminent SPTB. These findings suggest that complement activation in CVF is significantly involved in mechanisms underlying preterm birth and in the host response to IAI in the context of PPROM.
Key Points
Clinical Outcomes of a False-Positive Antenatal Diagnosis of Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Salmanian Bahram , Shamshirsaz Amir A. , Fox Karin A. , Asl Nazlisadat Meshinchi , Erfani Hadi , Detlefs Sarah E. , Coburn Michael , Espinoza Jimmy , Nassr Ahmed , Belfort Michael A. , Clark Steven L. , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. 
Published: October 2021

Objective Antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is critical to reduce maternal morbidity. While clinical outcomes of women with PAS have been extensively described, little information is available regarding the women who undergo cesarean delivery with a presumptive PAS diagnosis that is not confirmed by histopathologic examination. We sought to examine resource utilization and clinical outcomes of this group of women with a false-positive diagnosis of PAS.
Study Design This is a retrospective analysis of patients with prenatally diagnosed PAS cared for between 2015 and 2020 by our multidisciplinary PAS team. Maternal outcomes were examined. Univariate analysis was performed and a multivariate model was employed to compare outcomes between women with and without histopathologically confirmed PAS.
Results A total of 162 patients delivered with the preoperative diagnosis of PAS. Of these, 146 (90%) underwent hysterectomy and had histopathologic confirmation of PAS. Thirteen women did not undergo the planned hysterectomy. Three women underwent hysterectomy but pathologic examination did not confirm PAS. In comparing women with and without pathologic confirmation of PAS, the false-positive PAS group delivered later in pregnancy (34 vs. 33 weeks of gestation, p = 0.015) and had more planned surgery (88 vs. 47%, p = 0.002). There was no difference in skin incision type or hysterotomy placement for delivery. No significant difference in either the estimated blood loss or blood components transfused was noted between groups.
Conclusion Careful intraoperative evaluation of women with preoperatively presumed PAS resulted in a 3/149 (2%) retrospectively unnecessary hysterectomy. Management of women with PAS in experienced centers benefits patients in terms of both resource utilization and avoidance of unnecessary maternal morbidity, understanding that our results are produced in a center of excellence for PAS. We also propose a management protocol to assist in the avoidance of unnecessary hysterectomy in women with the preoperative diagnosis of PAS.
Key Points
INOVASIA Study: A Randomized Open Controlled Trial to Evaluate Pravastatin to Prevent Preeclampsia and Its Effects on sFlt1/PlGF Levels
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Ilham Aldika , Yosediputra Angelia , Pratama Raditya E. , Fadhilah Nur L. , Sulistyowati Sulistyowati , Amani Fariska Z. , Ernawati Ernawati , Dachlan Erry G. , Angsar Muhammad D. , Dekker Gus 
Published: October 2021

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pravastatin to prevent preeclampsia (PE) in pregnant women at a high risk of developing PE and the maternal and perinatal outcomes and the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1/placental growth factor (sFlt1/PlGF) ratio.
Study Design This is an open-labeled randomized controlled trial (RCT), a part of INOVASIA (Indonesia Pravastatin to Prevent Preeclampsia study) trial. Pregnant women at a high risk of developing PE were recruited and randomized into an intervention group (40) and a control group (40). The inclusion criteria consisted of pregnant women with positive clinical risk factor and abnormal uterine artery Doppler examination at 10 to 20 weeks' gestational age. The control group received low dose aspirin (80 mg/day) and calcium (1 g/day), while the intervention group received additional pravastatin (20-mg twice daily) starting from 14 to 20 weeks' gestation until delivery. Research blood samples were collected before the first dose of pravastatin and before delivery. The main outcome was the rate of maternal PE, maternal–perinatal outcomes, and sFlt-1, PlGF, sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, and soluble endoglin (sEng) levels.
Results The rate of PE was (nonsignificantly) lower in the pravastatin group compared with the control group (17.5 vs. 35%). The pravastatin group also had a (nonsignificant) lower rate of severe PE, HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets) syndrome, acute kidney injury, and severe hypertension. The rate of (iatrogenic) preterm delivery was significantly (p = 0.048) lower in the pravastatin group (n = 4) compared with the controls (n = 12). Neonates in the pravastatin group had significantly higher birth weights (2,931 ± 537 vs. 2,625 ± 872 g; p = 0.006), lower Apgar's scores < 7 (2.5 vs. 27.5%, p = 0.002), composite neonatal morbidity (0 vs. 20%, p = 0.005), and NICU admission rates (0 vs. 15%, p = 0.026). All biomarkers show a significant deterioration in the control group compared with nonsignificant changes in the pravastatin group.
Conclusion Pravastatin holds promise in the secondary prevention of PE and placenta-mediated adverse perinatal outcomes by improving the angiogenic imbalance.
Key Points
Intention to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shamshirsaz Alireza A. , Hessami Kamran , Morain Stephanie , Afshar Yalda , Nassr Ahmed A. , Arian Sara E. , Asl Nazlisadat Meshinchi , Aagaard Kjersti 
Published: October 2021

Objective This meta-analysis aimed to assess the level of intent to receive coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and demographical factors influencing vaccine uptake among pregnant individuals.
Study Design PubMed, Scopus, and archive/pre-print servers were searched up to May 22nd, 2021. Cross sectional surveys reporting the percentage of the pregnant individuals intending to get a COVID-19 vaccine were considered eligible for meta-analysis. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021254484). The primary outcome was to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination intent among pregnant population. The secondary outcome was to evaluate the factors influencing the intention for vaccination.
Results Twelve studies sourcing data of 16,926 individuals who were identified as pregnant were eligible. The estimated intention for the receipt of COVID-19 vaccine among women who were pregnant was 47% (95% CI: 38–57%), with the lowest prevalence in Africa 19% (95% CI: 17–21%) and the highest in Oceania 48.0% (95% CI: 44.0–51.0%). Uptake of other vaccines (influenza and/or TdaP) during pregnancy was associated with higher rate of intent to receive the COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 3.03; 95% CI: 1.37–6.73; p = 0.006).
Conclusion The intent to receive COVID-19 vaccine is relatively low among women who are pregnant and substantially varies based on the country of residence. In our meta-analysis, intent of women who were pregnant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was significantly associated with the history of receiving influenza or TdaP vaccine during pregnancy. Given that in every country only a minority of gravidae have received the COVID-19 vaccine, despite known risks of maternal morbidity and mortality with no evidence of risks of vaccination, it highlights the importance of revised approaches at shared decision making and focused public health messaging by national and international advisories.
Key Points
Extraparotid Warthin Tumors Imitating Metastasis of Oral Cancers
Authors: Gontarz Michał , Gąsiorowski Krzysztof , Bargiel Jakub , Marecik Tomasz , Szczurowski Paweł , Zapała Jan , Wyszyńska-Pawelec Grażyna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction Extraparotid Warthin tumor (WT) is a very rare entity, especially when synchronous with oral cancer (OC).
Objective The present study presents a case series of extraparotid WTs detected in the surgical specimen of patients treated for OC.
Methods From 2007 to 2016, 336 patients were operated for OC in our institution. Neck dissection was performed in 306 patients.
Results In the 306 patients operated for OC whose necks were dissected, unexpected WTs were observed in 4 surgical neck specimens. In 3 cases, extraparotid WTs were responsible for tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) overstaging before surgery.
Conclusion Extraparotid WTs may be discovered during neck dissection in ∼ 1% of OC patients, and they may mimic neck metastasis, especially in positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.
Short-Term Outcomes in Neonates and Preterm Infants with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Acquired Postpartum
Authors: Karabay Meltem , Toptan Hande 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective There are limited data regarding the hospital and postdischarge course of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in newborns. This study aimed to present the data of such cases in newborns.
Methods We retrospectively evaluated the predischarge and postdischarge records of newborns followed-up in the neonatal intensive care unit between June 2, 2020, and April 30, 2021 and who had positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for COVID-19.
Results Eleven newborns had positive PCR tests for COVID-19 during the study period. The prenatal COVID-19 PCR test of the mothers of the newborns was negative. The cases with a postnatal age of 10 to 60 days according to chronological age were hospitalized due to positive COVID-19 PCR test. Either or both the parents of these cases were severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR positive on nasopharyngeal swab obtained simultaneously. All breast milk samples were negative for COVID-19 virus. The mean D-dimer value of the cases was 3,430 µg FEU/L at the time of hospitalization and 307 µg FEU/L after discharge. None of the cases were given any specific antiviral treatment. The cases were discharged with full recovery. No rehospitalizations or deaths occurred during the 3-month follow-up after discharge.
Conclusion In most COVID-19 newborns, the disease was transmitted by infected parents, and the course of the infection was either asymptomatic or associated with only mild symptoms. No complications or deaths were observed during the 3-month follow-up after discharge.
A Study on Burden of Prehypertension in Youth (or Pediatric Hypertension) in West Bengal, India
Authors: RoyChoudhury Sourav , Nayek Kaustav , Saha Jinia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHypertension is a silent threat to the developing countries in recent times. The aim of this article was to determine the burden of prehypertension and hypertension among school-going children and the risk factors associated with those conditions. A cross-sectional study was conducted among school-going children (6–18 years) in seven schools of Burdwan, West Bengal, India, selected by stratified random sampling from March 2017 to August 2018. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were obtained along with sociodemographic parameters. Prehypertension and hypertension were defined as per American Pediatric Society's definition. Mean age of the study population was 11.3 ± 3.8 years (n = 604). Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was estimated to be 5% and 4.6%, respectively. Both prehypertension and hypertension were more common among children aged > 15 years (10.3% and 15.5%). In logistic regression, the independent determinants of hypertension were higher socioeconomic condition, increasing age, obesity, increased intake of junk food, parental hypertension, and obesity among first-degree relatives. Proper preventive measures are the need of the hour to tackle the emerging epidemic at its root. Periodic measurements of blood pressure at regular intervals are advisable at community levels to recognize high-risk children, control obesity, and prevent irreversible end organ damages.
Delayed Complications following Dermal Filler for Tear Trough Augmentation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Trinh Lily Nguyen , McGuigan Kelly C. , Gupta Amar 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTear trough deformity is a popular target for the treatment with filler injections. The side effects are generally mild and transient. However, delayed complications may occur. We aim to perform a thorough systematic review of the published literature related to delayed complications after tear trough filler injections. A search of published literature was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in June 2021 and included PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Embase databases. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used included the following terms: delayed complications, nodules, granulomas, swelling, discoloration, dermal filler, hyaluronic acid (HA), polyacrylamide, calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA), poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), eyelid, periorbital, periocular, and tear trough. Twenty-eight articles consisting of 52 individual cases were included in the final analysis. 98% (51/52) of patients were female and had an average age of 48.3 years. HA was the most reported product (71.2%, 37/52), followed by PLLA (4/52, 7.7%), and CaHA (4/52, 7.7%). The most common delayed complication with any dermal filler was swelling (42.3%, 22/52) followed by lumps or nodules (25.0%, 13/52). Xanthelasma-like reaction (17.3%, 9/52), migration (7.7%, 4/52), discoloration (3%, 3/52) also occurred. The average time of onset of any complication was 16.8 months with xanthelasma-like reaction appearing soonest (mean: 10 months) and discoloration appearing latest (mean: 52 months). Most swelling cases were caused by HA. Semi-permanent fillers such as PMMA and synthetic fillers such as PLLA were more likely to be associated with lumps and nodules than other complications. It is important that clinicians who perform tear trough augmentation with dermal fillers have a thorough understanding of the risks of the procedure to diagnose and manage them promptly as well as provide patients with accurate information regarding the potential adverse effects.
Evolution of family systems and resultant socio-economic structures
Authors: Itao Kenji , Kaneko Kunihiko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFamilies form the basis of society, and anthropologists have observed and characterised a wide range of family systems. This study developed a multi-level evolutionary model of pre-industrial agricultural societies to simulate the evolution of family systems and determine how each of them adapts to environmental conditions and forms a characteristic socio-economic structure. In the model, competing societies evolve, which themselves comprise multiple evolving families that grow through family labour. Each family has two strategy parameters: the time children leave the parental home and the distribution of inheritance among siblings. The evolution of these parameters demonstrates that four basic family systems emerge; families can become either nuclear or extended, and have either an equal or strongly biased inheritance distribution. Nuclear families in which children leave the parental home upon marriage emerge where land resources are sufficient, whereas extended families in which children staying at the parental home emerge where land resources are limited. Equal inheritance emerges where the amount of wealth required for a family to survive is large, whereas strongly biased inheritance emerges where the required wealth is small. Furthermore, the frequency of polygyny is low in the present model of agricultural societies, whereas it increases for the model of labour-extensive subsistence patterns other than agricultural societies. Analyses on the wealth distribution of families demonstrate a higher level of poverty among people in extended families, and that the accumulation of wealth is accelerated in families with strongly biased inheritance. By comparing wealth distributions in the model with historical data, family systems are associated with characteristic economic structures and then, modern social ideologies. Empirical data analyses using the cross-cultural ethnographic database verify the theoretical relationship between the environmental conditions, family systems, and socio-economic structures discussed in the model. The theoretical studies made possible by this simple constructive model, as presented here, will integrate the understandings of family systems in evolutionary anthropology, demography, and socioeconomic histories.
Quantum-enhanced atomic gyroscope with tunable precision
Authors: Cooling J P , Dunningham J A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We model a gyroscope that exploits quantum effects in an atomic Bose–Einstein condensate to gain a tunable enhancement in precision. Current inertial navigation systems rely on the Sagnac effect using unentangled photons in fibre-optic systems and there are proposals for improving how the precision scales with the number of particles by using entanglement. Here we exploit a different route based on sharp resonances associated with quantum phase transitions. By adjusting the interaction between the particles and/or the shape of their trapping potential we are able to tune the width of the resonance and hence the precision of the measurement. Here we show how we can use this method to increase the overall sensitivity of a gyroscope by adjusting the system parameters as the measurement proceeds and our knowledge of the rotation improves. We illustrate this with an example where the precision is enhanced by a factor of more than 20 over the case without tuning, after 100 repetitions. Metrology schemes with tunable precision based on quantum phase transitions could offer an important complementary method to other quantum-enhanced measurement and sensing schemes.