bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frunevetmab, a felinized anti‐nerve growth factor monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of pain from osteoarthritis in cats
Authors: Gruen Margaret E. , Myers Jamie A. E. , Tena Jezaniah‐Kira S. , Becskei Csilla , Cleaver Dawn M. , Lascelles B. Duncan X. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundFrunevetmab, a felinized antinerve growth factor monoclonal antibody, effectively decreases osteoarthritis (OA) pain in cats.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of frunevetmab given at monthly intervals in a randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group, double‐blind superiority study.AnimalsTwo hundred seventy‐five client‐owned cats with naturally‐occurring OA pain and associated mobility impairment and disability.MethodsRandomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group, double‐blind, superiority study. Following screening, cats received frunevetmab (nominal dose of 1.0 mg/kg, SC [effective dose range of 1.0‐2.8 mg/kg]) or placebo on days 0, 28, and 56. Outcome measures were owner questionnaires and veterinary physical and orthopedic evaluations at days 28, 56, and 84. Success/failure rates (and numbers needed treat, NNT) and change in scores (and standardized effect size, ES) were analyzed.ResultsFrunevetmab (182) and placebo (93) treated cats were enrolled and received at least 1 treatment. Significant improvement with frunevetmab over placebo occurred at days 28 and 56 for the client specific outcome measures (CSOM) questionnaire (success rates and total scores [NNT of 9 and ES of 0.3 at day 56]); at days 28 and 56 for owner‐assessed global treatment response; and at days 56 and 84 for veterinarian‐assessed joint pain (ES of 0.18 at day 56). Adverse events did not differ between groups, except skin disorders which collectively occurred significantly more frequently in frunevetmab treated (32/182 cats) vs placebo (8/93 cats).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFrunevetmab has the potential to address a critical gap in the treatment of pain because of osteoarthritis in cats.
Sympathetic regulation of coronary circulation during handgrip exercise and isolated muscle metaboreflex activation in men
Authors: Prodel Eliza , Cavalcanti Thiago , Rocha Helena N. M. , Gondim Maitê L. , Mira Pedro A. C. , Fisher James P. , Nobrega Antonio C. L. 
Published: November 2021

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?What is the role of β‐ and α‐adrenergic receptors in the control of the coronary circulation during handgrip exercise and isolated muscle metaboreflex activation in humans?
What is the main finding and its importance?β‐Adrenergic receptor, but not α‐adrenergic receptor, blockade significantly blunted the increases in coronary blood velocity observed during handgrip. Coronary blood velocity was unchanged from baseline during isolated muscle metaboreflex activation. This highlights the important role of β‐adrenergic receptors in the coronary circulation during handgrip in humans, and the more limited involvement of the α‐adrenergic receptors.
AbstractWe sought to investigate the role of β‐ and α‐adrenergic receptors in coronary circulation during static handgrip exercise and isolated muscle metaboreflex activation in humans. Seventeen healthy young men underwent two experimental sessions, consisting of 3 min of static handgrip exercise at a target force of 40% maximum voluntary force (not achieved for the full 3 min), and 3 min of metaboreflex activation (post‐exercise ischaemia) in two conditions: (1) control and β‐blockade (oral propranolol), and (2) control and α‐blockade (oral prazosin). In both sessions, coronary blood velocity (CBV, echocardiography) was increased during handgrip (Δ8.0 ± 7.4 cm s–1) but unchanged with metaboreflex activation (Δ2.5 ± 3.2 cm s–1) under control conditions. β‐Blockade abolished the increase in CBV during handgrip, while CBV was unchanged from control with α‐blockade. Cardiac work, estimated from rate pressure product (RPP; systolic blood pressure multiplied by heart rate), increased during handgrip and metaboreflex in control conditions in both sessions. β‐Blockade reduced RPP responses to handgrip and metaboreflex, whereas α‐blockade increased RPP, but the responses to handgrip and metaboreflex were unchanged. CBV and RPP were only significantly correlated during handgrip under control (r = 0.71, P < 0.01) and β‐blockade (r = 0.54, P = 0.03) conditions, and the slope of this relationship was unaltered with β‐blockade. Collectively, these findings indicate that β‐adrenergic receptors play the primary role to the increase of coronary circulation during handgrip exercise, but CBV is unchanged with metaboreflex activation, while α‐adrenergic receptor stimulation seems to exert no effect in the control of the coronary circulation during handgrip exercise and isolated muscle metaboreflex activation in humans.
Efficacy of dexamethasone in reducing the postembolisation syndrome in men undergoing prostatic artery embolisation for benign prostatic hyperplasia: protocol for a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial—the ‘DEXAPAE’ study
Authors: Svarc Petra , Stroomberg Hein Vincent , Juhl Jensen Ruben , Frevert Susanne , Håkan Lindh Mats , Taudorf Mikkel , Brasso Klaus , Lönn Lars , Røder Martin Andreas 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionPostembolisation syndrome (PES) is the most common side effect of vascular embolisation of solid organs. Although prophylactic corticosteroids are known to reduce the incidence and severity of PES, no trials investigating their efficacy have been conducted in men undergoing prostatic artery embolisation (PAE). We postulate that steroids can have a similar effect in reducing PES after PAE. This paper describes the rationale and detailed protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of dexamethasone (DEXA) in reducing PES after PAE.Methods and analysisIn this single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we will enrol 60 individuals undergoing PAE for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Participants will be randomised to receive IV DEXA (24 mg) or placebo (saline). The primary outcomes will be postprocedural fever, pain and quality of life. The secondary outcomes will include postprocedural nausea, postprocedural medicine usage, laboratory parameters (C reactive protein, prostate-specific antigen) and early PAE results.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Danish Committee on Health Research Ethics in the Capital Region (H-20025910). The results from this trial will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and national and international presentations.Trial registration numberClinicaltrials.gov identifier:NCT04588857; EudraCT number: 2020-000915-53.
Treatment patterns and control of hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Jia Li , Pineau Christian A , Grenier Louis-Pierre , Vinet Evelyne , Kalache Fares , Lukusa Luck , Bernatsky Sasha 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveHypertension (HTN) is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), representing a key risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease. We described HTN treatment patterns in SLE, evaluated uncontrolled HTN according to Canadian and American guidelines and identified factors associated with uncontrolled HTN.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study, identifying all McGill Lupus Clinic registry patients with an annual visit between January 2017 and May 2019 who were taking HTN medications. We excluded those taking medications only for another indication (eg, Raynaud’s). We determined the frequency of uncontrolled HTN according to Canadian and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines. Multivariate logistic regression (adjusted for age, sex and race/ethnicity) evaluated if uncontrolled HTN was more common with high body mass index (BMI), longer SLE duration, high disease activity, renal damage, multiple concomitant antihypertensives, prednisone and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.ResultsOf 442 patients with SLE, 108 were taking medications to treat HTN, and 38 took multiple medications concurrently. Angiotensin-receptor blockers were most common, followed by calcium channel blockers, diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta blockers. Among the 108 patients, 39.8% (n=43) had blood pressure (BP) >140/90 mm Hg, while 66.7% (n=72) had BP >130/80 mm Hg. In multivariate analyses, uncontrolled HTN (>130/80 mm Hg) was more likely in Caucasians (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.12 to 6.78) and patients with higher BMI (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.19). Patients with renal damage had better HTN control (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.97). We could not draw definitive conclusions regarding other variables.ConclusionCaucasians and patients with higher BMI had more uncontrolled HTN. The negative association with renal damage is reassuring, as controlled BP is key for renal protection.
Exploring research on the coping strategies of black survivors of homicide victims: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Edwards Travonne , Sharpe Tanya , Bonomo Antonia , Massaquoi Notisha 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionBlack people are disproportionately impacted by homicide. However, despite this over-representation, research is limited relevant to how black individuals, families and communities cope with the chronic traumatic devastation of homicide. This scoping review will provide an amalgamation of the current literature regarding the coping strategies of black survivors of homicide victims to inform future health and social work practice.Methods and analysisIn this scoping review, Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework will be used to succinctly gather and synthesise previous literature and identify gaps in research relevant to black survivors of homicide victims. This method will allow for a focused process of chosen pertinent databases. The seven databases include OVID (MEDLINE and PsycINFO), ProQuest (Sociological Abstracts, Social Services Abstracts, International Bibliography of Social Sciences), EBSCO (Africa Wide, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature). The seven databases were chosen for their relevance to the topic of coping with homicide for black individuals, families and communities. All members of the research team will screen the abstracts and full texts of the literature based on the inclusion criteria. The findings will be charted and synthesised using a qualitative thematic analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe articles chosen for this review will be gathered from peer-reviewed journals and scholarly search engines. Due to this research project’s nature, ethics approval is not warranted. The results of this scoping review will inform culturally responsive approaches to research, policy and practice for first responders (eg, law enforcement, emergency medical technicians) and providers (eg, mental health clinicians, physicians and faith-based communities) who frequently render services to black survivors of homicide victims. The results will be shared through journal article publications, academic and community conferences, as well as professional training opportunities for practitioners who support Black individuals, families and communities.
Protocol for rapid onset of mobilisation in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (PROMPT-SCI) study: a single-arm proof-of-concept trial of early in-bed leg cycling following acute traumatic spinal cord injury
Authors: Mac-Thiong Jean-Marc , Richard-Denis Andreane , Petit Yvan , Bernard Francis , Barthélemy Dorothy , Dionne Antoine , Magnuson David S K 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionActivity-based therapy (ABT) is an important aspect of rehabilitation following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Unfortunately, it has never been adapted to acute care despite compelling preclinical evidence showing that it is safe and effective for promoting neurological recovery when started within days after SCI. This article provides the protocol for a study that will determine the feasibility and explore potential benefits of early ABT in the form of in-bed leg cycling initiated within 48 hours after the end of spinal surgery for SCI.Methods and analysisPROMPT-SCI (protocol for rapid onset of mobilisation in patients with traumatic SCI) is a single-site single-arm proof-of-concept trial. Forty-five patients aged 18 years or older with a severe traumatic SCI (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale grade A, B or C) from C0 to L2 undergoing spinal surgery within 48 hours of the injury will be included. Participants will receive daily 30 min continuous sessions of in-bed leg cycling for 14 consecutive days, initiated within 48 hours of the end of spinal surgery. The feasibility outcomes are: (1) absence of serious adverse events associated with cycling, (2) completion of 1 full session within 48 hours of spinal surgery for 90% of participants and (3) completion of 11 sessions for 80% of participants. Patient outcomes 6 weeks and 6 months after the injury will be measured using neurofunctional assessments, quality of life questionnaires and inpatient length of stay. Feasibility and patient outcomes will be analysed with descriptive statistics. Patient outcomes will also be compared with a matched historical cohort that has not undergone in-bed cycling using McNemar and Student’s t-tests for binary and continuous outcomes, respectively.Ethics and disseminationPROMPT-SCI is approved by the Research Ethics Board of the CIUSSS NIM. Recruitment began in April 2021. Dissemination strategies include publications in scientific journals and presentations at conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04699474.
Anal human papillomavirus infection among men who have sex with men and transgender women living with and without HIV in Pakistan: findings from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ejaz Muslima , Andersson Soren , Batool Salma , Ali Tazeen , Ekström Anna Mia 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection, genotypes and risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women living with and without HIV in Pakistan. Anal infection with HPV is very common worldwide among MSM, particularly among MSM living with HIV. The high prevalence of HIV among MSM and male-to-female transgendered individuals in Pakistan is a significant health concern since access to screening and health-seeking is often delayed in this stigmatised key population.DesignThis cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2016 and November 2017.Participants, setting and data collectionThis study recruited MSM and transgender-women who self-reported to have had anal sex in the last 6 months, and were at least 18 years of age, from the sexual health and antiretroviral therapy centres. Structured questionnaires were administered, and blood samples were obtained to confirm HIV status. Anal swabs were collected for HPV-DNA detection and typing.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the prevalence of ‘HPV-DNA infection’. The prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated using Cox proportional hazard model algorithms to analyse the association between exposure variables and HPV-infection.ResultsComplete data were available for 298 MSM and transgender women (HIV +n=131; HIV−n=167). The overall HPV-DNA prevalence was 65.1% and was higher in participants living with HIV as compared with HIV-negative (87% vs 48%; χ2p≤0.001). Likewise, 28.9% of participants living with HIV were infected with two or more than two types of HPV as compared with 18.8% participants without HIV(χ2p≤0.001). The most frequent HPV type was HPV6/11 (46.9%), followed by HPV16 (35.1%), HPV18 (23.2%) and HPV35 (21.1%). HIV status (PR 2.81, 95% CI 2.16 to 3.82) and never condom use (PR 3.08, 95% CI 1.69 to 5.60)) were independently associated with prevalence of ‘anal-HPV16 infection’ when adjusting for confounding for age, other sexual and behavioural factors, for example, smoking and alcohol consumption.ConclusionHigh prevalence of HPV indicates a substantial future risk of anal cancer in Pakistani MSM and transgender women, and particularly in those living with HIV. Current findings support anal Pap-smear HPV screening for this particular group and vaccination efforts for future generations.
Quality indicators for transition from paediatric to adult care for adolescents with chronic physical and mental illness: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Bailey Katherine , Lee Stephanie , de Los Reyes Thomas , Lo Lisha , Gorter Jan Willem , Toulany Alene 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionTransition from paediatric to adult care is a complex process, which poses significant challenges for adolescents with chronic physical and mental illnesses. For many, transfer to adult care is associated with poor health and psychosocial outcomes. Quality indicators to evaluate transition to adult care are needed to benchmark and compare performance across conditions and health systems. This systematic review aims to identify quality indicators for successful transition to adult care which can be applied across chronic physical and/or mental illnesses.MethodsPublished literature will be searched using MEDLINE, Embase and CINHAL from earliest available date to July 2021. Grey literature will be searched using the Grey Matters tool. Using a set of inclusion/exclusion criteria, two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts, followed by full-text review. Disagreements will be resolved by a third reviewer. Study selection and data extraction will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. Study appraisal will be completed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation for Quality Indicators instrument. Extracted quality indicators will be categorised into a conceptual framework.Ethics and disseminationResults from this review will offer novel insights into quality indicators that may be used to measure and evaluate transition success across conditions, which will be disseminated via a Canadian transition collaborative, workshops and peer-reviewed publication. Extracted quality indicators will be further prioritised in a Delphi study with patients, caregivers and providers. This is a critical step in developing a core set of metrics to evaluate transitions to adult care. Ethics approval is not required as this review will identify and synthesise findings from published literature.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020198030.
Detecting Arabic Spam Reviews in Social Networks Based on Classification Algorithms
Authors: Najadat Hassan , Alzubaidi Mohammad A. , Qarqaz Islam 
Published: November 2021

Reviews or comments that users leave on social media have great importance for companies and business entities. New product ideas can be evaluated based on customer reactions. However, this use of social media is complicated by those who post spam on social media in the form of reviews and comments.
Designing methodologies to automatically detect and block social media spam is complicated by the fact that spammers continuously develop new ways to leave their spam comments. Researchers have proposed several methods to detect English spam reviews. However, few studies have been conducted to detect Arabic spam reviews. This article proposes a keyword-based method for detecting Arabic spam reviews. Keywords or Features are subsets of words from the original text that are labelled as important. A term's weight, Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) matrix, and filter methods (such as information gain, chi-squared, deviation, correlation, and uncertainty) have been used to extract keywords from Arabic text.
The method proposed in this article detects Arabic spam in Facebook comments. The dataset consists of 3,000 Arabic comments extracted from Facebook pages. Four different machine learning algorithms are used in the detection process, including C4.5, kNN, SVM, and Naïve Bayes classifiers. The results show that the Decision Tree classifier outperforms the other classification algorithms, with a detection accuracy of 92.63%.
IL1RAP Pulls a Double Shift in the Cysteine Factory
Authors: Yoon Sang Jun , DeNicola Gina M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Summary:
Anoikis is a critical barrier to cancer cell metastasis. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Zhang and colleagues identify that IL1 receptor accessory protein suppresses anoikis in Ewing sarcoma by promoting both the activity of the system Xc− cystine/glutamate antiporter and cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH) transcription to sustain cysteine levels for reactive oxygen species detoxification.
See related article by Zhang et al., p. 2884.
Precision Cancer Medicine: Large Studies Indicate Steady Progress
Authors: Eggermont Alexander , Geoerger Birgit , Curigliano Giuseppe 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Summary: Comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analysis for guiding therapeutic decisions provide the basis of precision cancer medicine. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, continued progress in this field is demonstrated by two large collaborative studies: Horak and colleagues in the MASTER trial for patients with rare cancers and Van Tilburg and colleagues in the INFORM registry in pediatric tumors.
See related article by van Tilburg et al., p. 2764.
See related article by Horak et al., p. 2780.
The Federal Trade Commission V. The Oil Industry: An Autopsy on the Commission'S Shared Monopoly Case against the Nation'S Eight Largest Oil Companies
Authors: Porter Richard H. 
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on the Federal Trade Commission's shared monopoly case against the nation's eight largest oil companies that was launched with considerable fanfare in July of 1973. Although the case was hailed by the Commission's staff as being the largest and most significant case since the historical Standard Oil case in 1911, it was subsequently dismissed in September 1981 after the Commission concluded that further proceedings were not in the public interest. The article reviews the case chronologically in the hope of providing some insights as to why the case was never successfully brought to trial. More specifically, it examines the difficulties that were created for the case by the Commission's failure to conduct an adequate pretrial investigation, structural obstacles inherent in the Commission's Rules of Practice, the Commission's dual role as both prosecutor and judge, and complaint counsel's inability or unwillingness to narrow the issues in the case. Finally, the article looks over the history of the case and attempts to identify the lessons that were learned at great cost to the parties that were involved and to the public.