bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of LAMP Primer Sets for Rapid Identification of Aspergillus Fumigatus Carrying the cyp51A TR46 Azole Resistance Gene
Authors: Trabasso Plinio , Matsuzawa Tetsuhiro , Arai Teppei , Hagiwara Daisuke , Mikami Yuzuru , Moretti Maria Luiza , Watanabe Akira 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Infections due to triazole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus are increasingly reported worldwide and are associated with treatment failure and mortality. The principal class of azole resistant isolates is characterized by the presence of tandem repeats of 34 bp or 46 bp within the promoter region of the cyp51A gene. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a widely used nucleic acid amplification system which is fast and specific. Here 2 we describe a LAMP assay method to detect the 46 bp tandem repeat insertion in the cyp51A gene promoter region based on novel LAMP primer sets. It also differentiated strains with TR46 tandem repeats from those with TR34 tandem repeats. These results showed this TR46-LAMP method is specific, rapid, and also provides crucial insights to enable development of novel antifungal therapeutic strategies against severe fungal infections due to A. fumigatus with TR46 tandem repeats.
Areca Catechu Leaf Extract-Mediated Synthesis of Stabilized Silver Doped-Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and its Biomedical Applications
Authors: UR Shwetha , Betageri Virupaxappa S. , M.S. Latha , Veerapur Ravindra , Shivamallu Chandan , Kollur Shiva Prasad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The current research work gives an insight into the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticle using medicinally important plant, which has gained increasing applications in therapeutics and medicinal science. Herein, we describe an eco-friendly method to synthesize Ag- CuO nanoparticles using Areca catechu leaf extract via solution combustion method. Crystalline structure, size and surface morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD patterns of the as-prepared Ag-CuO NPs revealed that they possess monoclinic crystalline structure. The morphology and the elemental composition was found by SEM-EDS and TEM analysis, which revealed the nano-spherical shape of Ag-CuO NPs. Further, the Ag-CuO NPs were tested for Antidiabetic activity by using Yeast cell model and amalyze inhibition, which showed promising antidiabetic activity. In addition, the as-prepared material displayed significant anticancer activity against MCF-7 cancer cell line.
CoVAM: Complementary and Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials Database for COVID-19 Disease
Authors: Sharma Vishwas , Mann Zoya , Sharma Amitesh , Srivast Avani , Raghav Pawan Kumar , Singh Ritu , Nandan Amrita 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Since the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of clinical trials on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19 disease) have been registered. The information is scattered at different resources making it difficult for researchers, scientists, health care professionals, and the general public to remain up-to-date on the latest CAM clinical trials being registered for COVID-19. The Complementary and Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials Database CoVAM (http://www.covam.in) is developed to provide the scientific community easy access to the latest information on the CAM clinical trials registered globally for COVID-19 disease. To develop the CoVAM, MySQL was used. API management was done through NodeJs (With Express), and Angular 11 was used as front end. The CoVAM is a single platform organized by ten CAM subtypes such as Acupuncture, Auricular point pressing, Ayurveda, Chiropractic, Homeopathy, Psychotherapy, Siddha, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Vitamins and dietary supplements, and Yoga/ Exercise. Each subtype has information on CAM medicines/ therapy being registered, the full title of the clinical trial, sponsor name, sponsor protocol number/ ID, age of the population, study type, actual number of participant enrolment for the trial, followed by the start date, phase, and status of the clinical trial. Each fact is linked to the clinical trial database/s from where the information was procured. Additionally, CoVAM is hyperlinked with PubMed for providing recent updates on COVID-19 and CAM research. To the best of our knowledge, CoVAM is a first-of-its-kind database that provides comprehensive information on globally registered CAMs related clinical trials conducted on COVID-19 disease.
Evaluation of the efficacy of MMX mesalazine therapy for moderate ulcerative colitis
Authors: Knyazev O. V. , Kagramanova A. V. , Lishchinskaya A. A. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) requires continuous anti-relapse therapy. Mesalazines are the firstline disease-modifying drugs for the treatment of mild to moderate UC to manage exacerbations and to induce and maintain remission.This paper is aimed at comparing the efficacy of treatment of patients with pancolitis and left-sided ulcerative colitis of moderate severity, who received MMX mesalazine as monotherapy and MMX mesalazine combined with mesalazines in the form of microclysters and suppositories.Materials and methods. A comparative clinical evaluation of the outcomes of treatment of patients with moderate UC who received MMX mesalazine as monotherapy (group 1) and MMX mesalazine combined with topical mesalazine (microclysters, suppositories) (group 2) was carried out. 40 patients with UC (group 1) and 46 (group 2) were examined.Results and discussion. Two weeks after MMX mesalazine therapy initiation, 92.8% of patients in group 1 responded to MMX mesalazine therapy and continued using the drugs as monotherapy (without microclysters and suppositories). In group 1, 95.6% of patients responded to MMX mesalazine therapy and continued treatment with topical mesalazines (microclysters and suppositories). At week 12, 54.3% of 35 patients in group 1, who responded to MMX mesalazine therapy, achieved clinical remission, 45.7% achieved clinical endoscopic remission. The Mayo Score decreased from 8.0 ± 0.17 to 2.3 ± 0.3 points. At week 12, 57.1% of patients with UC in group 2, who responded to MMX mesalazine therapy, achieved clinical remission, and 42.9% achieved clinical and endoscopic remission. The Mayo Score decreased from 7.85 ± 0.14 to 2.4 ± 0.3 points. There was no statistically significant difference in the level of laboratory findings between the groups of patients at 12 weeks and at 52 weeks (p> 0.05).Conclusion. The long-term continuous administration of MMX mesalazine in patients with pancolitis and left-sided ulcerative colitis of moderate severity as monotherapy during the year is comparable in its efficacy with combined MMX mesalazine therapy and topical forms of mesalazine.
Features of the course of gastric ulcer in different age groups
Authors: Polozova E. I. , Skvortsov V. V. , Trokhina I. E. , Nefedov N. S. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The problem of gastric ulcer is of particular socio-economic importance and has a tremendous impact on the quality of life of people. The relevance of our study is due to an increase in the incidence of peptic ulcer in the population, the variability of the clinical picture depending on the age category of patients, and the peculiarities of the treatment of this gastrointestinal pathology.The aim of the study is to study the features of the course of gastric ulcer in different age groups of patients under dispensary supervision in the outpatient department of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Republic of Moldova “Republican Clinical Hospital No. 5” in the period from 2017 to 2020.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of outpatient records of 100 patients of different age groups with gastric ulcer who were under dispensary observation at the outpatient clinic of the Republican Clinical Hospital No. 5 in Saransk in 2017– 2020 was carried out. Statistical analysis of the data obtained was carried out using the Microsoft Office Excel program.Results and discussion. It was found that gastric ulcer is more often observed in middle-aged and elderly patients and is accompanied by blurring of the clinical picture of the disease, in contrast to young people, who have vivid clinical manifestations of this disease. Ulcerative defects in young and middle-aged patients are more often small in size and are located mainly in the area of the stomach angle, and in elderly and senile patients, ulcers are localized mainly in the cardiac region, can be gigantic and often lead to the development of complications (primarily gastrointestinal intestinal bleeding).Conclusions. The blurring of the clinical picture, the absence of pathognomonic symptoms in elderly patients determine the late diagnosis of gastric ulcer, which ultimately leads to a high incidence of complications requiring surgical intervention. In clinical practice, it is necessary to take into account these features of the course of peptic ulcer disease in elderly patients and to prescribe the necessary complex of laboratory and instrumental studies and preventive therapy in a timely manner.
Experimental study and modeling of hydraulic jump for a suddenly expanding stilling basin using different hybrid algorithms
Authors: Gul Enes , Dursun O. Faruk , Mohammadian Abdolmajid 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hydraulic jump is a highly important phenomenon for dissipation of energy. This event, which involves flow regime change, can occur in many different types of stilling basins. In this study, hydraulic jump characteristics such as relative jump length and sequent depth ratio occurring in a suddenly expanding stilling basin were estimated using hybrid extreme learning machine (ELM). To hybridize ELM, imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA), firefly algorithm (FA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) metaheuristic algorithms were implemented. In addition, six different models were established to determine effective dimensionless (relative) input variables. A new data set was constructed by adding the data obtained from the experimental study in the present research to the data obtained from the literature. The performance of each model was evaluated using k-fold cross-validation. Results showed that ICA hybridization slightly outperformed FA and PSO methods. Considering relative input parameters, Froude number (Fr), expansion ratio (B) and relative sill height (S), effective input combinations were Fr–B–S and Fr–B for the prediction of the sequent depth ratio (Y) and relative hydraulic jump length (Lj/h1), respectively.
HANS ARP
Authors: Borda Luis Eduardo , Cristina da Silva Nayara 
Published: May 2021

Este artigo analisa aproximações entre as obras do arquiteto Oscar Niemeyer e do artista franco-alemão Hans Arp. Tais aproximações são vistas a partir da presença de planos com bordas sinuosas, formas ameboides que aparecem tanto na obra de Niemeyer quanto na de Arp. Uma vez que Arp é um dos pioneiros no uso de tais superfícies, o trabalho investiga até que ponto Arp pode ser considerado uma referência estética para Niemeyer. A metodologia foi acompanhar o desenvolvimento da questão do plano na arte e na arquitetura modernas e, depois, identificar a presença de tais formas tanto na obra de Arp quanto na de Niemeyer, bem como compará-las e verificar as datas em que surgem. A conclusão foi a de que existe grande similaridade entre as formas amebóides de Arp e de Niemeyer. A pesquisa também concluiu que, por ser pioneiro no uso de tais formas, Arp é provavelmente uma referência importante para a presença de tais superfícies na obra de Oscar Niemeyer. A investigação faz parte do projeto ​Arte, Arquitetura e Cidade​, desenvolvido junto ao núcleo de Pesquisa em Linguagens da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; dentro disso, busca desenvolver investigações relacionadas ao campo das artes e suas relações com a arquitetura.
Tratamiento penal de la violencia de ge?nero contra las mujeres: especial referencia a la violencia sexual
Authors: Acale Sánchez María 
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo se somete a estudio el tratamiento de la violencia de ge?nero contra las mujeres, en particular, la violencia sexual en los Co?digos penales espan?ol y colombiano. La finalidad que se persigue es analizar las diferencias existentes entre ambos ordenamientos juri?dicos, asi? como las soluciones que se adoptan en cada uno de ellos para hacer frente al mismo problema social. El estudio comparado nos permitira? plantear soluciones a la vista de ambos modelos, complementa?ndolos. Se concluira? apostando ampliamente por la sensibilizacio?n legal, judicial y social como mecanismo de prevencio?n general de la violencia de ge?nero.
Palabras Claves: violencia de ge?nero, violencia sexual, discriminacio?n, perspectiva de ge?nero, prevencio?n general.
Abstract
In this work, the treatment of gender violence against women, in particular, sexual violence in the Spanish and Colombian Criminal Codes, is under study. The aim is to analyze the differences between the two legal systems, as well as the solutions adopted in each of them to deal with the same social problem. The comparative study will allow us to propose solutions to both models, complementing them. It will be concluded by broadly betting on legal, judicial and social awareness as a mechanism for the general prevention of gender violence.
Keywords: gender violence, sessual violence, discrimination, gender perspective, general prevention.
Resumo

Este trabalho aborda o tratamento da viole?ncia de ge?nero contra as mulheres, em particular a viole?ncia sexual nos co?digos penais espanhol e colombiano. A finalidade que se persegue neste estudo e? analisar as diferenc?as existentes entre ambos ordenamentos juri?dicos, assim como as soluc?o?es que de adotam em cada um deles para fazer frente ao mesmo problema social. O estudo comparado nos permitira? propor soluc?o?es a? vista de ambos modelos, complementando-nos. Como conclusa?o se aposta amplamente pela sensibilizac?a?o legal, judicial e social como mecanismo de prevenc?a?o geral da viole?ncia de ge?nero.
Palavras-chave: viole?ncia de ge?nero, viole?ncia sexual, discriminac?a?o, perspectiva de ge?nero, prevenc?a?o geral.
FORMULATION, EVALUATION, AND IN VIVO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-ARTHRITIC ACTIVITIES OF MORINGA GRANULES
Authors: ALSAMMARRAIE HARITH JAMEEL MAHDI , KHAN NURZALINA ABDUL KARIM , MAHMUD ROZIAHANIM 
Published: May 2021

Objective: Consumption of crude natural products like plants and herbs for mitigation or treatment of illnesses usually accompanied with inconsistent therapeutic effects because of poor solubility and low bioavailability of active phytochemical(s) in addition to product instability. To overcome all of above mentioned drawback ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaf was formulated as standardised solid dosage form.
Methods: Different types of materials as an adsorbent, surfactant and other necessary excipients were tested to be use in formulation of Moringa granules utilising wet granulation method. The formulated Moringa granules was then evaluated for organoleptic properties and physical characteristics, in vitro dissolution test, compatibility, drug content, heavy metal tests and microbial limit tests. Additionally, the in vivo anti-inflammatory against Carrageenan-induced paw oedema and anti-arthritic activity against CFA-induced arthritis were also assessed.
Results: 95% ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves was successfully formulated as standardised granules for oral administration utilising simple and low-cost techniques. Dissolution rate for the marker compounds was increased by an average of 1.076 fold. Animal groups given the prepared Moringa granules showed an improvement in the anti-inflammatory activity and the anti-arthritic activity compared to animal groups given crude extract at the same dose level. Additionally, all the treatment groups showed a significant difference at P<0.05 and P<0.01 compared to control group.
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this work was the first to use gum Arabic in the formulation of a standardised botanical pharmaceutical dosage form of M. oleifera crude extract. Additionally, formulation of Moringa granules apparently improves the drug release profile and bioactivity compare to Crude Moringa extract.
QUALITY BY DESIGN BASED DEVELOPMENT OF ETRAVIRINE SELF MICRO EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: A. N. KAVITHA , K. JANAKIRAMAN , DANG RAMAN 
Published: May 2021

Objective: The main objective of the present research work was to develop systematically the Self Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery system of BCS Class IV drug in a Quality by Design framework.
Methods: The quality by design-based formulation development proceeds with defining the Quality Target Product Profile and Critical Quality Attributes of dosage form with appropriate justification for the same. The statistical Mixture design was used for the development of the formulation. The independent variables selected for the design were Oleic acid, Labrasol and PEG 6000, whereas droplet size (nm), emulsification time (sec), % drug loading and % drug release at 15 min were considered as the potential quality attributes of the Self Micro Emulsifying System. The eight different batches of Etravirine-Self Micro Emulsifying systems (ETV-SMEDDS) were prepared and checked for the Critical Quality Attributes. The simultaneous optimization of the formulation was done by the global desirability approach.
Results: The characterization report obtained for all the different batches of formulation was analyzed statistically by fitting into regression models. The statistically significant models determined for droplet size (nm) (R2= 0.96 and p-0.1022), emulsification time (sec) (R2= 0.99 and p-0.0267), % drug loading (R2= 0.93 and p-0.1667) and % drug release at 15 min (R2= 0.96 and p-0.0911) and were statistically significant. The maximal global desirability value obtained was 0.9415 and the value indicates, the selected factors and responses have a good correlation and are significant enough for optimization and prediction of best formulation.
Conclusion: The QbD approach utilized during the development of ETV-SMEEDS facilitated the identification of Critical Material Attributes and their significant impact on the Critical Quality Attributes of SMEDDS. The concept of building quality into product through the QbD application was utilized successfully in the formulation development.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IN-SITU GEL CONTAINING LINEZOLID IN THE TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITIS
Authors: . INAYATHULLA , GOUDANAVAR PRAKASH , ALI MOHAMMAD , DIN WANI SHAHID UD , SREEHARSHA NAGARAJA 
Published: May 2021

Objective: The intent to prepare and evaluate Linezolid in-situ gel in the treatment of periodontitis.
Methods: pH-sensitive in-situ gel was formed by the cold method using a varying concentration of the drug, carbopol 934P and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and carbopol 934P and sodium carboxy methylcellulose (CMC) (1:1,1:1.5,1:2,1:2.5). An optimized batch was selected based on gelling time and gelling capacity. The prepared in-situ gels were evaluated for appearance, pH, gelling capacity, viscosity, in vitro release studies, rheological studies, and finally, was subjected to drug content estimation and antibacterial activity test.
Results: FTIR study shows drug and physical mixture were compatible with each other. The rheology of formulated in-situ gel exhibited a pseudoplastic flow pattern. this may be because when polymer concentration was increased the prepared formulations become more viscous and in turn delayed the drug release and from the prepared formulation, LF4 and SF4 have polymer concentrations i. e, 0.9% carbopol and sodium CMC showed drug release up to 12 h.
Conclusion: When carbopol is appropriately mixed with other suitable polymers it forms an in-situ gel-forming system that was substantiated by the property to transform into stiff gels when the pH is increased. The in-situ gel was prepared using a combination of carbopol-HPMC and carbopol-Na CMC The formulations LF1 to SF4 showed high linearity (R2 = 0.490-0.682), indicating that the drug was released from the prepared in-situ gel by the diffusion-controlled mechanism. Thus, the formulation of batches LF4 and SF4 containing carbopol: HPMC and carbopol: NaCMC in 1:2 ratios were considered as optimum formulation based on optimum viscosity, gelling capacity and to extend the in vitro drug release.
BOOSTING THE SKIN DELIVERY OF CURCUMIN THROUGH STEARIC ACID-ETHYL CELLULOSE BLEND HYBRID NANOCARRIERS-BASED APPROACH FOR MITIGATING PSORIASIS
Authors: JAISWAL PANKAJ KUMAR , DAS SANJOY , DAS MALAY K. 
Published: May 2021

Objective: Curcumin presents poor topical bioavailability when administered orally, which poses a major hurdle in its use as an effective therapy for the management of psoriasis. The present study reports the utilization of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) for the topical delivery of curcumin which can be a potential approach for mitigating psoriasis.
Methods: Curcumin-loaded LPHNPs were prepared by the emulsification solvent evaporation method and characterized. The optimized Curcumin-loaded LPHNPs (DLN-3) were further incorporated into 2% Carbopol 940 gels and evaluated for its therapeutic efficacy in the Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis rat model.
Results: The average particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, drug entrapment and loading efficiency for DLN-3 were found to be 200.9 nm, 0.342,-28.3 mV, 87.40±0.99% and 4.57±0.04%, respectively. FT-IR, DSC and XRD studies confirmed that all the components used for the formulation are compatible with each other, whereas SEM and TEM analysis affirmed the spherical shape of LPHNPs with a smooth surface. The in vitro drug release studies suggest that curcumin was released from the LPHNPs in a sustained manner over a period of 24 h via super case II transport mechanism. Results of in vitro skin permeation study revealed that 38.39±2.67% of curcumin permeated at 12 h across excised pig ear skin with a permeation flux of 18.74±3.59 µg/cm2/h. Further, in vivo evaluation and histopathological studies demonstrated that NLHG-1 hydrogels showed better therapeutic efficacy against the psoriatic skin lesions than the standard marketed gels.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the developed LPHNPs have a superior ability to improve the skin penetration or accumulation of DLN-3 within psoriatic skin and offer a potential delivery system for the management of psoriasis.