bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of the IOLMaster 700 and its agreement with the IOLMaster v3 in children
Authors: Leighton Rebecca E , Breslin Karen MM , Saunders Kathryn J , McCullough Sara J 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of the swept‐source optical coherence tomographer Zeiss IOLMaster 700 and compare its outputs with those obtained using partial coherence interferometry (Zeiss IOLMaster v3) in a healthy, paediatric population.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional, observational study. Examiner 1 took two sets of biometric measurements (axial length [AL], mean corneal radius of curvature [Kmean], anterior chamber depth [ACD] and lens thickness [LT]) using the IOLMaster 700, and one set of measurements (AL, Kmean and ACD) using the IOLMaster v3. Examiner 2 took one full set of measurements using the IOLMaster 700. Mean differences and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were calculated, and Bland and Altman plots used to explore repeatability and reproducibility of the IOLMaster 700 alongside establishing its agreement with the IOLMaster v3.ResultsMean participant age was 7.52 ± 0.58 years. Repeatability analyses demonstrated small mean differences and narrow 95% LOA for AL (0.001, −0.013 to 0.015 mm), Kmean (0.002, −0.020 to 0.024 mm), ACD (−0.003, −0.031 to 0.024 mm) and LT (0.001, −0.024 to 0.026 mm), respectively. Similarly, small mean differences and narrow 95% LOA established excellent reproducibility (AL 0.001, −0.016 to 0.018 mm; Kmean −0.001, −0.027 to 0.025 mm; ACD −0.010, −0.041 to 0.021 mm; LT 0.002, −0.016 to 0.020 mm). The IOLMaster 700 and IOLMaster v3 demonstrated good agreement with small mean differences and narrow 95% LOA (AL 0.009, −0.034 to 0.052 mm; Kmean 0.016, −0.013 to 0.044 mm; ACD 0.134, 0.055 to 0.212 mm).ConclusionsWhen used within a paediatric population, these data demonstrate the IOLMaster 700 to be highly repeatable and reproducible for measures of AL, Kmean, ACD and LT. There is excellent inter‐instrument agreement between the IOLMaster 700 and IOLMaster v3 for measures of AL and Kmean. ACD measurements show weaker agreement. These data will be useful when considering reports from population‐based studies of refractive error and clinical myopia research.
Combigraft versus Bio‐Oss/Bio‐Gide in alveolar ridge preservation: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hu Liru , Xiang Sijie , Liu Jiyuan , Ye Li , Cao Zhiwei , Pan Jian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of this prospective study was to compare Combigraft with Bio‐Oss/Bio‐Gide complex in alveolar bone preservation in terms of clinical, laboratory and radiographic outcomes in a randomised controlled trial. 80 patients undergoing tooth extraction with the requirement of alveolar bone preservation were randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups. A total of 75 patients completed the study; 37 in the experimental group and 38 in the control group. Two patients who did not fully complete the study but had at least one record on the follow‐up period were analysed, significantly, 73 teeth among 77 dental sites were mandibular third molars which accounted for 94.8% of all subjects in this study. Bone grafting was performed using either of Combigraft or Bio‐Oss/Bio‐Gide complex. The primary outcome was to compare the height and width of alveolar ridge between immediate postoperation and six months postoperation by radiographic evaluation. A two‐sample t‐test was used for independent samples for quantitative variables (such as age) and a chi‐square statistic was used for nominal parameters. Six months after surgery, the height and width of alveolar ridge were 9.47 ± 1.61 mm and 14.71 ± 1.99 mm respectively using Combigraft while those were 9.82 ± 2.04 mm and 14.83 ± 2.04 mm respectively in the control group. There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups. Combigraft appears to be an alternative option to Bio‐Oss/Bio‐Gide complex for bone preservation in further clinical treatment. (No: CHiCTR19000230651).
Leadless pacemaker implantation: An unexpected complication
Authors: Berdaoui Brahim , Pintea Bentea Georgiana , Samyn Sophie , Morissens Marielle , Castro Rodriguez Jose 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe leadless pacemaker is an emerging technology with high efficacy and reduced complications rates. However, due to its novel status, some pitfalls remain to be addressed. We report the case of a 91‐year‐old patient undergoing a Micra pacemaker implantation. During the procedure, the maneuvers required for the adequate deployment of the device led to damaging of the septal tricuspid leaflet, resulting in severe tricuspid regurgitation. This is a severe mechanical complication of the Micra implantation technique, not previously reported in literature. In light of the novelty of the leadless pacemaker, we should remain cautious with regards to potential unreported complications.
Fiscal decentralization and regional economic growth: Evidence from Mexico since the 2000s
Authors: Mendoza‐Velázquez Alfonso , Rubio‐García Mónica , Conde‐Cortés Luis D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study aims to examine whether decentralization causes regional economic growth for the states of Mexico in the period 1998–2016. We employ Granger causality tests and a Panel data Vector Autoregression model to account for the dynamics of fiscal federalism and endogeneity of federal transfers and economic growth. Impulse responses and variance decomposition are also employed to examine the time path of economic growth after unitary fiscal shocks from transfers. Among the results, we find federal transfers positively affect economic growth. The slim response of growth and its puzzling response to investment shocks possibly signal a soft budget problem.
The clinical effect of gene mutations in familial Mediterranean fever disease
Authors: Güngörer Vildan , Yorulmaz Alaaddin , Arslan Şükrü 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundFamilial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a self‐limiting, autoinflammatory disease characterized by inflammation of the serosal surfaces and recurrent episodes of fever. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of genetic mutations on clinical features in children with FMF.MethodsA total of 303 patients aged 0–18 years, who were diagnosed with FMF, according to Yalcinkaya‐Özen diagnostic criteria and whose Mediterranean fever gene (MEFV) analysis was studied, were evaluated retrospectively. The clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients and the relationship between common alleles and genotypes were investigated.ResultsThe most common mutation in patients was M694V heterozygous. When the patients were divided into four groups, M694V homozygous, M694V heterozygous, M694V/other allele combined heterozygous, and other mutations, Arthritis was statistically significantly higher in the group that was M694V homozygous compared to the other groups. It was observed that the presence of the M694V allele significantly increased the frequency of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, adenitis syndrome. The frequency of arthritis was significantly higher in patients who were E148Q homozygous than in patients who were heterozygous. Appendectomy history was significantly higher in the group carrying the V726A allele.ConclusionsFMF disease and the effect of genetics on the disease can be better understood, thanks to studies evaluating the genotype‐phenotype relationship. In this regard, we believe that studies evaluating the clinical and genotype relationship with a large series are needed.
Clinical factors related to undescended testis in infants with gastroschisis
Authors: Umeda Satoshi , Takayama Keita , Takase Koki , Kim Kiyokazu , Yamamichi Taku , Tayama Ai , Usui Noriaki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have reported the high incidence of undescended testis (UDT) in patients with gastroschisis. Although various mechanical, hormonal, and genetic theories have been postulated to describe testicular descent, the mechanism contributing to this condition remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of UDT in infants with gastroschisis.MethodsMale neonates who underwent surgery for gastroschisis between January 1982 and December 2019 were enrolled. Data were analyzed regarding the prevalence of UDT, including spontaneous testicular descent and the necessity of orchidopexy. Patients were grouped into those with or without UDT to identify the risk factors for UDT.ResultsAmong 38 patients with gastroschisis, six (15.8%) developed UDT. There were no significant differences in gestational age or birthweight between patients with and without UDT. The patients with UDT had a significantly larger defect size than those without UDT (P = 0.037). In addition, the timing of abdominal closure was significantly later in patients with UDT than in those without UDT (P = 0.004). None of the patients with UDT exhibited spontaneous testicular descent requiring subsequent orchidopexy.ConclusionsPatients with gastroschisis had a high prevalence of UDT. In gastroschisis, the incidence of UDT was related to the defect size and the timing of abdominal wall closure, indicating that an insufficient increase in intra‐abdominal pressure during the fetal period may affect the development of UDT.
The experimental philosophy of law: New ways, old questions, and how not to get lost
Authors: Prochownik Karolina Magdalena 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe experimental philosophy of law is a recent movement that aims to inform traditional debates in jurisprudence by conducting empirical research. This paper introduces and provides a systematic overview of the main lines of research in this field. It also covers the most important debates in the literature regarding the implications of these findings for the philosophy and theory of law. It argues that three challenges arise when addressing (old) legal‐philosophical questions in (new) experimental ways by drawing normative implications from empirical data: such implications are value‐driven, depend on explanations of empirical findings and vary across legal systems.
Steady state‐evoked potentials of subjective beat perception in musical rhythms
Authors: Nave Karli M. , Hannon Erin E. , Snyder Joel S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSynchronization of movement to music is a seemingly universal human capacity that depends on sustained beat perception. Previous research has suggested that listener's conscious perception of the musical structure (e.g., beat and meter) might be reflected in neural responses that follow the frequency of the beat. However, the extent to which these neural responses directly reflect concurrent, listener‐reported perception of musical beat versus stimulus‐driven activity is understudied. We investigated whether steady state‐evoked potentials (SSEPs), measured using electroencephalography (EEG), reflect conscious perception of beat by holding the stimulus constant while contextually manipulating listeners' perception and measuring perceptual responses on every trial. Listeners with minimal music training heard a musical excerpt that strongly supported one of two beat patterns (context phase), followed by a rhythm consistent with either beat pattern (ambiguous phase). During the final phase, listeners indicated whether or not a superimposed drum matched the perceived beat (probe phase). Participants were more likely to indicate that the probe matched the music when that probe matched the original context, suggesting an ability to maintain the beat percept through the ambiguous phase. Likewise, we observed that the spectral amplitude during the ambiguous phase was higher at frequencies that matched the beat of the preceding context. Exploratory analyses investigated whether EEG amplitude at the beat‐related SSEPs (steady state‐evoked potentials) predicted performance on the beat induction task on a single‐trial basis, but were inconclusive. Our findings substantiate the claim that auditory SSEPs reflect conscious perception of musical beat and not just stimulus features.
Holocene sediment distribution in the Al Wajh platform lagoon (northern Red Sea, Saudi Arabia), a modern analogue for large rift basin carbonate platforms
Authors: Petrovic Alexander , Ariza Fuentes Manuel , Putri Indah , Yahaya Liyana Nur , Khanna Pankaj , Purkis Sam J. , Vahrenkamp Volker 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSedimentary patterns and hydrodynamic transport processes on modern carbonate platforms in arid climates are understudied compared to platforms in humid‐tropical climates. The Al Wajh platform – located in the Arabian–African desert belt – is a large land‐attached carbonate platform in the Red Sea providing an excellent opportunity to fill this gap. The platform covers some 1800 km2 and is almost completely enclosed by a 115 km long reef‐shoal belt. More than 200 sediment surface samples were analyzed in order to investigate the lateral sediment distribution within the lagoon. The seafloor map was refined integrating sample depths with previous published bathymetric information. Conductivity and temperature profiles were measured to study the lagoonal water body. The lagoon is dominated by poorly sorted, sand‐sized sediments with low total organic carbon content, while carbonate fines content shows significant lateral variation. Aragonite dominates sediment mineralogy with high‐Mg calcite and low‐Mg calcite being significant admixtures. Fine‐grained siliciclastics are found across the entire lagoon, with angular quartz locally enriched in nearshore and distal areas. Seven component assemblages are defined ranging from benthic foraminifera and mollusc‐rich to reef debris‐rich component assemblages. Platform‐interior ooids are for the first time documented from the modern Red Sea. The heterogeneous distribution of carbonate fines shows no water depth related trends, while the component assemblage arrangement is depth related. Hydrodynamics are interpreted to be the main mechanism controlling carbonate fines distribution in the lagoon. A nearshore enrichment of angular sand‐sized quartz suggests influx through wadis during flash floods, while an almost even distribution of fine‐grained siliciclastics possibly indicate aeolian import. These findings provide new insights to the importance of hydrodynamic transport processes for sediment distribution in a land‐attached platform lagoon in an arid climate. Finally, this study presents a comparison with other modern platforms and discusses implications for improving strategies of hydrocarbon field development in rift‐basin carbonates.
The influence of major depressive disorders on neurocognitive function among adults living with HIV/AIDS in a regional referral hospital in Dodoma, Tanzania
Authors: Nyundo Azan A. , Ismail Abbas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the influence of major depressive disorders (MDD) on the cognitive function of adults living with HIV and the prevalence of neurocognitive impairment and major depressive disorders.MethodsThe study was a cross‐sectional design conducted in a referral hospital in Dodoma region central Tanzania, with a sample of 397 participants attained through systematic sampling. Neurocognitive impairment was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), while MDD was assessed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I). Two‐sample independent t‐tests were done to compute the significance of the mean change of MoCA score between those with or without MDD. Univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression models were computed to determine the association between MDD and neurocognitive impairment across all cognitive domains.ResultsOf 397 recruited participants, 266 (66.00%) met the criteria for neurocognitive disorder and 22 (5.51%) had major depressive disorder. Participants with MDD performed significantly poorer on cognitive testing than those without MDD (mean difference = 3.74, p‐value = 0.0009). Under univariate ordinal regression, impairments in the particular domains of visuospatial‐executive function, attention, language, abstraction and orientation were significantly associated with MDD and abstraction (AOR: 3.922, 95% CI: 1.546–9.947, p = 0.0004) remained significant under multivariable regression.ConclusionMajor depressive disorder may negatively influence neurocognitive performance in both severity and pattern of presentation. Routine screening for depressive symptoms in HIV care can be beneficial for the overall patient's outcome. Systematic and well‐designed studies in the area are crucial for understanding the interaction of neuropsychiatric disorders in the HIV population.
DICER‐LIKE1a autoregulation based on intronic microRNA processing is required for stress adaptation in Physcomitrium patens
Authors: Arif M. Asif , Top Oguz , Csicsely Erika , Lichtenstern Myriam , Beheshti Hossein , Adjabi Kaoutar , Frank Wolfgang 
Published: November 2021

SUMMARYThe Physcomitrium patens DICER‐LIKE1a (PpDCL1a) mRNA encoding the essential Dicer protein for microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis harbors an intronic miRNA (miR1047). An autoregulatory mechanism to control PpDCL1a abundance that is based on competitive processing of the intronic miRNA and proper PpDCL1a mRNA splicing has previously been proposed. If intron splicing occurs first the mRNA can be translated into the functional PpDCL1a protein, whereas the processing of the intronic miRNA catalyzed by PpDCL1a itself, prior to pre‐mRNA splicing, generates a truncated transcript unable to produce a functional protein. This proposed autoregulation of DCL1 has not been functionally analyzed in any plant species, and the existence of this autoregulatory control is expected to have a general impact on the overall miRNA biogenesis pathway and the transcriptome that is under miRNA control. We abolished PpDCL1a autoregulatory feedback control by the precise deletion of the MIR1047‐containing intron. The generated line displayed hypersensitivity to salt stress and hyposensitivity to the plant hormone ABA, accompanied by the disturbed expression of miRNAs and mRNAs, revealed by transcriptome analyses. The feedback control together with the phenotypic abnormalities and molecular changes in the intron‐less line can be rescued by the re‐insertion of a modified intron harboring a sequence‐unrelated artificial miRNA. Our findings indicate the physiological importance of miR1047‐based feedback control of PpDCL1a transcript abundance, which controls the expression of miRNAs, and their cognate target RNAs during salt stress adaptation, and suggests a key role for this autoregulation in the molecular adaptation of land plants to terrestrial habitats.
Determinants of regional trade agreement utilisation: Evidence from multiple import countries in Asia
Authors: Chang Kuo‐I , Hayakawa Kazunobu , Laksanapanyakul Nuttawut , Narjoko Dionisius , Pyun Ju Hyun , Quimba Francis 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study empirically examines the determinants of the utilisation of regional trade agreements (RTAs). We employ RTA utilisation data with rich country variations in 6 importing and 16 exporting countries in Asia. Then, we compute an ‘RTA utilisation rate’, which is defined as the share of imports under RTA regimes out of total imports of RTA‐eligible products. Finally, the RTA utilisation rate is regressed at a country‐pair–product level on various elements. Our major findings are as follows. Similar to existing studies, this study determines higher RTA utilisation rate when the preference margin is larger, the exporter's international competitiveness is higher, or the importer's demand is greater. Furthermore, we reveal that the RTA utilisation rate is higher when exporting products are finished products. However, it is lower when the presence of foreign‐owned firms in the importing country is greater.
Ludwik Hirszfeld: A pioneer of transfusion and immunology during the world wars and beyond
Authors: Czerwinski Marcin , Kaczmarek Radoslaw , Glensk Urszula 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLudwik Hirszfeld (1884–1954) was a Polish physician, immunologist and microbiologist. Together with Emil von Dungern, he showed that blood groups are heritable traits and established the terminology of the ABO blood group system. He discovered A1 and A2 blood groups, and showed for the first time, in a large‐scale population study, that blood group frequency differs between populations. During World War I, he volunteered as an army physician. In the interwar period, he helped to create the National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw and was instrumental in developing transfusion centres in Poland. During World War II, which he barely survived, he co‐organized secret medical courses in the Warsaw Ghetto and played a major role in containing the typhus epidemic that ran rampant there since 1941. After the war, he was the first in Poland to put the theory of serological conflict between mother and foetus into clinical practice, saving the lives of almost 200 children by introducing exchange transfusions.
GLOBAL REACH 2018: intra‐arterial vitamin C improves endothelial‐dependent vasodilatory function in humans at high altitude
Authors: Stone Rachel M. , Ainslie Philip N. , Tremblay Joshua C. , Akins John D. , MacLeod David B. , Tymko Michael M. , DeSouza Christopher A. , Bain Anthony R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHigh altitude‐induced hypoxaemia is often associated with peripheral vascular dysfunction. However, the basic mechanism(s) underlying high‐altitude vascular impairments remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress contributes to the impairments in endothelial function during early acclimatization to high altitude. Ten young healthy lowlanders were tested at sea level (344 m) and following 4–6 days at high altitude (4300 m). Vascular endothelial function was determined using the isolated perfused forearm technique with forearm blood flow (FBF) measured by strain‐gauge venous occlusion plethysmography. FBF was quantified in response to acetylcholine (ACh), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and a co‐infusion of ACh with the antioxidant vitamin C (ACh+VitC). The total FBF response to ACh (area under the curve) was ∼30% lower at high altitude than at sea level (P = 0.048). There was no difference in the response to SNP at high altitude (P = 0.860). At sea level, the co‐infusion of ACh+VitC had no influence on the FBF dose response (P = 0.268); however, at high altitude ACh+VitC resulted in an average increase in the FBF dose response by ∼20% (P = 0.019). At high altitude, the decreased FBF response to ACh, and the increase in FBF in response to ACh+VitC, were associated with the magnitude of arterial hypoxaemia (R2 = 0.60, P = 0.008 and R2 = 0.63, P = 0.006, respectively). Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that impairments in vascular endothelial function at high altitude are in part attributable to oxidative stress, a consequence of the magnitude of hypoxaemia. These data extend our basic understanding of vascular (mal)adaptation to high‐altitude sojourns, with important implications for understanding the aetiology of high altitude‐related vascular dysfunction.
imageKey points
Vascular dysfunction has been demonstrated in lowlanders at high altitude (>4000 m). However, the extent of impairment and the delineation of contributing mechanisms have remained unclear.
Using the gold‐standard isolated perfused forearm model, we determined the extent of vasodilatory dysfunction and oxidative stress as a contributing mechanism in healthy lowlanders before and 4–6 days after rapid ascent to 4300 m.
The total forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine at high altitude was decreased by ∼30%. Co‐infusion of acetylcholine with the antioxidant vitamin C partially restored the total forearm blood flow by ∼20%. The magnitude of forearm blood flow reduction, as well as the impact of oxidative stress, was positively associated with the individual severity of hypoxaemia.
These data extend our basic understanding of vascular (mal)adaptation to high‐altitude sojourns, with important implications for understanding the aetiology of high altitude‐related changes in endothelial‐mediated vasodilatory function.