bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accent labeling algorithm based on morphological rules and machine learning in English conversion system
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Singh Pradeep Kumar , Pavlovich Pljonkin Anton 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe dependency of a speech recognition system on the accent of a user leads to the variation in its performance, as the people from different backgrounds have different accents. Accent labeling and conversion have been reported as a prospective solution for the challenges faced in language learning and various other voice-based advents. In the English TTS system, the accent labeling of unregistered words is another very important link besides the phonetic conversion. Since the importance of the primary stress is much greater than that of the secondary stress, and the primary stress is easier to call than the secondary stress, the labeling of the primary stress is separated from the secondary stress. In this work, the labeling of primary accents uses a labeling algorithm that combines morphological rules and machine learning; the labeling of secondary accents is done entirely through machine learning algorithms. After 10 rounds of cross-validation, the average tagging accuracy rate of primary stress was 94%, the average tagging accuracy rate of secondary stress was 94%, and the total tagging accuracy rate was 83.6%. This perceptual study separates the labeling of primary and secondary accents providing the promising outcomes.
Giant plurihormonal pituitary adenoma in a child – case study
Authors: Moszczyńska Elżbieta , Grajkowska Wiesława , Maksymowicz Maria , Malicka Joanna , Szalecki Mieczysław , Prokop-Piotrkowska Monika 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To describe the case of a 12-year-old girl with a rare plurihormonal pituitary macroadenoma secreting prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and alpha subunit (α-SU).

Case presentation
The patient experienced recurrent headaches and progressing loss of vision in one eye. During the examination, abnormalities such as tall stature, coarse facial features, enlarged feet and hands, tachycardia, hand tremor, hyperhidrosis, galactorrhea, and goiter were observed. Head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a solid tumor in the anterior and middle cranial fossa, measuring 80 × 50 × 55 mm. A stereotactic biopsy revealed plurihormonal Pit-1 positive pituitary adenoma secreting PRL, GH, and TSH. A pituitary hyperfunction with PRL, GH, TSH, and α-SU excess was diagnosed. The patient was successfully treated pharmacologically with dopamine agonists and somatostatin analogue, and a decrease of tumor volume (30%) was achieved.

Conclusions
When neurosurgery is not possible, long-term pharmacological treatment of plurihormonal pituitary macroadenoma can be a safe and relatively effective alternative.
Intermediation, Disintermediation und Cybermediäre: Zum Einfluss der Digitalisierung auf Wertschöpfungsketten in der Schuhbranche
Authors: Herb Christopher , Neiberger Cordula 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Globale Wertschöpfungsketten (WSK) werden derzeit, hervorgerufen durch die neuen technischen und organisatorischen Möglichkeiten der Digitalisierung, in besonderem Maße restrukturiert. Bisherige Forschungen konzentrierten sich dabei weitgehend auf die Auswirkungen auf Zulieferer in Ländern des globalen Südens. Dieser Beitrag nimmt dagegen den Teil des Vertriebs in den Blick. Anhand der deutschen Schuhbranche werden die Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf die Steuerungsmacht in diesem Teil der Wertschöpfungsketten sowie die damit einhergehenden Beziehungen zwischen den Akteuren und zwischen verschiedenen WSK innerhalb der Branche näher beleuchtet. Dabei konnten vor allem Sportartikelhersteller und Online-Plattformen aufgrund des hohen Digitalisierungsgrades in (Herstellungs-,) Kommunikations- und Vertriebsprozessen als zentrale Akteure (Leitunternehmen) identifiziert werden. Zudem zeigen die Untersuchungsergebnisse, dass Akteure mit einer geringen Umsetzung digitaler Prozesse zum Teil bereits aus Wertschöpfungsketten ausgeschlossen werden. Folglich möchte der Beitrag das Bewusstsein dafür schärfen, dass der Digitalisierungsfortschritt von Unternehmen als kritische Determinante für die Teilnahme an WSK herangezogen sowie für die Verhandlung von Gorvernanceformen zwischen Akteuren berücksichtigt werden sollte.
Multiresponse Optimization of Wear Parameters of Steel-Embedded Glass-Epoxy Hybrid Composites Using Taguchi-Grey Method Optimization
Authors: Chavhan Ganesh R. , Wankhade Lalit N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this work, Taguchi-grey relational analysis (GRA) has been used to optimize the process parameters during the tribological performance of steel-embedded glass-epoxy hybrid composites. The specific wear rate (SWR) and the average coefficient of friction (CoF) were investigated. The tribological test was planned by using Taguchi L27 orthogonal array. The tests were carried using different factors like steel volume % (0–10 %), applied load (80–100 N), and sliding distance (1,000–2,000 m) for a constant time (20 min). The optimal process parameters were obtained with Taguchi-GRA, and the influencing factor was determined with the help of analysis of variance. The results show that the most influencing factor is steel volume %, followed by applied load and sliding distance. The dry sliding wear performance was optimized to achieving minimal SWR and average CoF. Steel volume 10 %, sliding distance 1,000 m, and applied load 80 N were observed as optimum parameters to achieving minimal SWR and average CoF. A confirmation test was carried out to verify the tests. The results show that the multiresponses such as SWR and average CoF were significantly enhanced through GRA. Finally, the worn surfaces of the hybrid composites were studied through scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM shows that the pits on the surface of the image were covered with voids and other defects. The SEM also shows that the specimen’s porosity decreases with the increasing fractional volume of steel in the composite.
Effect of Hemodilution <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> on the Hemostatic System
Authors: Kinzersky A. A. , Dolgikh V. T. , Korzhuk M. S. , Kinzerskaya D. A. , Romanenko S. V. 
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study was to determine experimentally the eﬀect of hemodilution by the 2:1 sterofundin/gelofusine (SG) solution on hemostatic parameters in vitro and in vivo.Material and methods. Experiments were carried out on 75 male Wistar rats weighing 270–380 g and anesthetized with intramuscular tiletamine-zolazepam (40 mg/kg) + xylazine (10 mg/kg). Animals were divided randomly into 4 groups: Group 1 — in vitro 25-percent dilution of carotid blood samples by the SG solution (n=12), Group 2 — in vitro 37.5-percent dilution of similar samples (n=11), Group 3 — in vivo 25-percent dilution (n=10), Group 4 — the controls (n=42) with no dilution. The ﬁrst stage of the study compared the in vitro dilution groups with the control group and with each other; the second stage compared the in vivo dilution group with the control group. The parameters of low-frequency piezoelectric tromboelastography (LFPTEG), clotting tests and complete blood count were studied to evaluate the eﬀect of hemodilution.Results. At a 25-percent hemodilution with 2:1 CG solution in vitro and in vivo, the hemostatic parameters retained within the reference limits, but a trend to increased intensity of the enzymatic reactions of the coagulation cascade and a signiﬁcant increase in clot polymerization in vitro due to relative anticoagulant deﬁciency became evident. In vitro 37.5-percent blood dilution signiﬁcantly reduced the blood level of ﬁbrinogen and platelet count, inhibited the intensity of the proteolytic stage of coagulation, reduced the clot density at the T3 gelation point, at 5 minutes after reaching it and the maximum amplitude (MA) of the LFPTEG curve, as well as signiﬁcantly reduced anticoagulant activity of the blood. The observed changes in hemostatic parameters were signiﬁcantly outside the reference limits, which may aﬀect the interpretation of the experimental results and be clinically important. We found negative correlation between clot density and platelet activity at 25-percent dilution in vivo, whereas at 37.5-percent dilution in vitro an additional positive correlations between platelet count and ﬁbrinogen levels were determined.Conclusion. A 25-percent hemodilution with 2:1 CG solution should be considered «safe» for the in vivo hemostatic system providing minimal eﬀect on the in vitro parameters in the exper-iment.
Moral Distress in Neonatology
Authors: Prentice Trisha M. , Janvier Annie , Gillam Lynn , Donath Susan , Davis Peter G. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
To longitudinally examine the nature of moral distress (MoD) experienced by clinicians caring for extremely low gestational age neonates.

METHODS
Neonatologists, medical trainees, and nurses were surveyed at regular intervals on their experience of MoD and their preferred level of care in relation to 99 neonates born &lt;28 weeks’ gestational age managed from birth until discharge or death in 2 tertiary NICUs. Clinicians reporting significant distress (≥6 of 10 on Wocial’s Moral Distress Thermometer) were asked to provide open-ended responses on why they experienced MoD. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze frequency and intensity of MoD across different clinician characteristics. Open-ended responses were analyzed by using mixed methods.

RESULTS
Over 18 months, 4593 of 5332 surveys (86% response rate) were collected. MoD was reported on 687 (15%) survey occasions; 91% of neonates elicited MoD during their hospitalization. In their open-ended answers, clinicians invoked 5 main themes to explain their distress: (1) infant-centered reasons (83%), including illness severity, predicted outcomes, and disproportionate care; (2) management plans (26%); (3) family-centered reasons (19%); (4) parental decision-making (16%); and (5) provider-centered reasons (15%). MoD was strongly associated with the perception of “parents wanting too much.” Neonatologists experienced less distress and were more likely than nurses and trainees to align preferred levels of care with family wishes.

CONCLUSIONS
The majority of preterm infants will generate some MoD; however, it is rarely shared and of a sustained nature. The main constraint reported by clinicians was “parents wanting too much,” leading to disproportionate care.
Sharp inequalities of various metrics on the classes of functions with given comparison function
Authors: Alexandrova T.V. , Kofanov V.A. 
Published: July 2021

For any $q > p > 0$, $\omega > 0,$ $d \ge 2 \omega,$ we obtain the following sharp inequality of various metrics$$\|x\|_{L_q(I_{d})} \le \frac{\|\varphi +c\|_{L_q(I_{2\omega})}}{\|\varphi + c \|_{L_p(I_{2\omega})}}\|x\|_{L_p(I_{d})}$$on the set $S_{\varphi}(\omega)$ of $d$-periodic functions $x$ having zeros with given the sine-shaped $2\omega$-periodic comparison function $\varphi$, where $c\in [-\|\varphi\|_\infty, \|\varphi\|_\infty]$ is such that$$\|x_{\pm}\|_{L_p(I_{d})} = \|(\varphi +c)_{\pm}\|_{L_p(I_{2\omega})}\,.$$In particular, we obtain such type inequalities on the Sobolev sets of periodic functions and on the spaces of trigonometric polynomials and polynomial splines with given quotient of the norms $\|x_{+}\|_{L_p(I_{d})} / \|x_-\|_{L_p(I_{d})}$.
Plague as a means of religious controversy. Continuation
Authors: Metlitskaya Z. Yu. 
Published: July 2021

Продолжение перевода памфлета Джорджа Уайтхеда, начало которого опубликовано в N 4 (2020). Предшествующая публикация (Previous publication): Метлицкая З. Ю. Чума как средство религиозной полемики. Российский журнал истории Церкви. 2020;1(4):55-63. doi:10.15829/2686-973X-2020-4-44
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Microseismicity Seismic Source Properties at the Irpinia Near-Fault Observatory, Southern Italy
Authors: Picozzi Matteo , Bindi Dino , Festa Gaetano , Cotton Fabrice , Scala Antonio , D’Agostino Nicola 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTWe estimate the source parameters of small-magnitude earthquakes that occurred during 2008–2020 in the Irpinia faults area (southern Italy). We apply a spectral decomposition approach to isolate the source contribution from propagation and site effects for ∼3000 earthquakes in the local magnitude range between ML 0 and 4.2. We develop our analyses in three steps. First, we fit the Brune (1970) model to the nonparametric source spectra to estimate corner frequency and seismic moment, and we map the spatial distribution of stress drop across the Irpinia area. We found stress drops in the range 0.4–8.1 MPa, with earthquakes deeper than 7 km characterized by higher average stress drop (i.e., 3.2 MPa). Second, assuming a simple stress-release model (Kanamori and Heaton, 2000), we derive fracture energy and critical slip-weakening distance. The spatial variability of stress drop and fracture energy allows us to image the present stress conditions of fault segments activated during the 23 November 1980 Ms 6.9 earthquake. The variability of the source parameters shows clear patterns of the fault mechanical properties, suggesting that the Irpinia fault system can be divided into three main sectors, with the northern and southern ones showing different properties from the central one. Our results agree with previous studies indicating the presence of fluids with different composition in the different sectors of the Irpinia fault system. In the third step, we compare the time evolution of source parameters with a time series of geodetic displacement recorded near the fault system. Temporal trends in the correlation between geodetic displacement and different source parameters indicate that the poroelastic deformation perturbation generated by the karst aquifer recharge is modulating not only the occurrence rate of microseismicity (D’Agostino et al., 2018) but may lead to rupture asperities with different sizes and characteristics.
The Western Gulf of Corinth (Greece) 2020–2021 Seismic Crisis and Cascading Events: First Results from the Corinth Rift Laboratory Network
Authors: Kaviris George , Elias Panagiotis , Kapetanidis Vasilis , Serpetsidaki Anna , Karakonstantis Andreas , Plicka Vladimír , De Barros Louis , Sokos Efthimios , Kassaras Ioannis , Sakkas Vassilis , Spingos Ioannis , Lambotte Sophie , Duverger Clara , Lengliné Olivier , Evangelidis Christos P. , Fountoulakis Ioannis , Ktenidou Olga-Joan , Gallovič František , Bufféral Simon , Klein Emilie , Aissaoui El Madani , Scotti Oona , Lyon-Caen Helene , Rigo Alexis , Papadimitriou Panayotis , Voulgaris Nicholas , Zahradnik Jiri , Deschamps Anne , Briole Pierre , Bernard Pascal 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigate a seismic crisis that occurred in the western Gulf of Corinth (Greece) between December 2020 and February 2021. This area is the main focus of the Corinth Rift Laboratory (CRL) network, and has been closely monitored with local seismological and geodetic networks for 20 yr. The 2020–2021 seismic crisis evolved in three stages: It started with an Mw 4.6 event near the northern shore of the Gulf, opposite of Aigion, then migrated eastward toward Trizonia Island after an Mw 5.0 event, and eventually culminated with an Mw 5.3 event, ∼3  km northeast of the Psathopyrgos fault. Aftershocks gradually migrated westward, triggering another cluster near the junction with the Rion–Patras fault. Moment tensor inversion revealed mainly normal faulting; however, some strike-slip mechanisms also exist, composing a complex tectonic regime in this region dominated by east–west normal faults. We employ seismic and geodetic observations to constrain the geometry and kinematics of the structures that hosted the major events. We discuss possible triggering mechanisms of the second and third stages of the sequence, including fluids migration and aseismic creep, and propose potential implications of the Mw 5.3 mainshock for the seismic hazard of the region.
Полевая организация глагольной лексики (на примере глаголов со значением ‘защищать’ в русском языке)
Authors: Литвинович Анжелика 
Published: July 2021

В статье рассматривается лексико-семантичесая группа глаголов защиты в русском языке. Задачей исследования является выявление особенностей семантической структуры глаголов, которые включают компоненты ‘защищать’, ‘каузировать’, и описание принципов организации поля каузативных глаголов защиты.
Исследование способствует разрешению некоторых спорных моментов в теории каузативности: разграничение каузативных и некаузативных глаголов, границы класса каузативных глаголов, ядерные и периферийные элементы категории каузативности на примере лексико-семантической группы глаголов защиты. Наличие небольшого количества фрагментарных исследований категории каузативности в русском языке в данном аспекте подчеркивает актуальность и необходимость проведения данной работы.
Методы исследования: контекстуальный, трансформационный, компонентный, дистрибутивный анализ, анализ словарных дефиниций.
В ходе исследования были получены следующие результаты. Ядро и периферия лексико-семантической группы глаголов защиты и каузативных глаголов не совпадает. Среди глаголов с семантикой ‘защищать’ выявлена единица, которая в своей семантической структуре не содержит компонент ‘каузировать’. Систематизированы критерии периферийного положе­ния ЛСГ глаголов защиты в классе каузативных глаголов.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛАБОРАТОРНЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ПРИ ПНЕВМОНИИ, ВЫЗВАННОЙ ВИРУСОМ SARS-CoV-2 У ДЕТЕЙ
Authors: Попова Раиса , Руженцова Татьяна , Хавкина Дарья , Чухляев Павел , Гарбузов Александр , Мешкова Наталья 
Published: July 2021

Цель исследования – изучить особенности лабораторных показателей у детей, больных коронавирусной инфекцией, вызванной вирусом SARS-CoV-2.
Материалы и методы
Проанализированы данные лабораторных исследований 36 детей в возрасте от 8 месяцев до 17 лет, находившихся в детском инфекционном отделении ГБУЗ МО «МГКБ» г. Мытищи с диагнозом: внебольничная пневмония коронавирусной этиологии (вирус SARS-CoV-2 идентифицирован). У большинства пациентов (96%) отмечали средне-тяжелую форму заболевания, тяжелого течения не было. Вирус SARS-CoV-2 был идентифицирован методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР). Всем детям в 1-й день, помимо клинического осмотра, рентгенографии или компьютерной томографии (КТ) легких, были выполнены анализы крови клинический и биохимический, оценка свертываемости крови, общий анализ мочи. Пациенты находились под наблюдением в стационаре от 8 до 15 дней. Повторные лабораторные обследования проводили не реже 1 раза в 7 дней, по показаниям – чаще.
Результаты
В 1-й день госпитализации у большинства детей (86%) отмечали нормальные показатели лейкоцитов, у 13% отмечали лейкопению, лимфопению - у 72%, тромбоцитопению - у 38%, увеличение СОЭ - у 27% детей. По результатам биохимического исследования крови, у большинства детей отмечали умеренное увеличение С-реактивного белка (в 73%). Другие показатели оставались в пределах нормальных значений. По результатам общего анализа мочи, клинически значимых отклонений выявлено не было.
За время наблюдения значимых изменений лабораторных показателей у наблюдавшихся детей не отмечалось. К моменту выписки из стационара у большинства пациентов были нормальные значения лейкоцитов, лимфоцитов, С-реактивного белка.
Выводы
При внебольничной пневмонии, вызванной SARS-CoV-2, у детей, как правило, отмечается лимфопения на фоне нормального количества лейкоцитов, увеличение уровня С-реактивного белка. Нормальные показатели клинического анализа крови не исключают развитие пневмонии у ребёнка.
Measurement of the Probability of a Binary Symbol «0» Erasing in a Single-Photon Asynchronous Communication Channel with a Receiver Based on a Photon Counter
Authors: Timofeev A. M. 
Published: July 2021

Receiving modules of single-photon communication channels should provide the least loss of transmitted information when measuring low-power optical signals. In this regard, it is advisable to use photon counters. They are highly sensitive, but are characterized by data logging errors. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of the intensity of the recorded optical radiation during the transmission of binary symbols «0» on the probability of erasing these symbols in a single-photon communication channel containing a photon counter based on an avalanche photodetector as a receiving module with a passive avalanche suppression scheme.The lower and upper threshold levels of pulses recorded at the output of the photon counter, as well as the statistical distributions of the mixture of the number of dark and signal pulses at the output of the photon counter when registering binary symbols «0» Pst0( N ) and «1» Pst1( N ) were determined. For this, a technique was used to reduce information loss. As a result, the minimum probability of erasing binary symbols «0» P(–/0) was achieved.The performed experimental results showed that to achieve the minimum probability of erasing binary symbols «0» P(–/0) = 0,11·10−2, it is important to select not only the intensity of the used optical radiation J , but also the supply voltage of the avalanche photodetector U, at which the dead time of the photon counter is −2 minimal, and its quantum detection efficiency is maximum: J0 ≥ 98,94·10−2 rel. units and U = 52,54 V.
Strength of Flexible Shell of Pneumatic Springs
Authors: Masliev V. G. , Fomin A. V. , Lovskaya A. A. , Masliev A. O. , Gorbunov N. I. , Duschenko V. V. 
Published: July 2021

The strength for a flexible shell of a vehicle pneumatic spring during movement relative to a rail track has been studied in the paper. The calculation has been carried out using the finite element method implemented in the SolidWorks software environment. For this purpose, 3D drawings of a balloon-type pneumatic spring have been reproduced. A specific feature of the design is that the distance between the upper and lower bottoms in static conditions is unchanged – thanks to the body position regulator, which maintains its constancy relative to the trolley frame. The results obtained have made it possible to conclude that there are certain reserves for the level of stresses, i.e., in addition to the vertical, it is possible to take into account also transverse mutual displacements of the air spring bottoms which will occur when the trolley moves relative to the body. At the next stage, the stresses in the material of the flexible shell are investigated for mutual transverse displacements of the bottoms, which are observed with transverse displacements of the trolleys relative to the body of the vehicle when traveling along curved sections of the track. At the same time, the maximum stresses in the material of the flexible shell of the pneumatic spring are about 11 MPa, even with twice the nominal air pressure and transverse mutual displacements of the bottoms of 40 mm, that is, they are much less than the breaking strength (30 MPa). The carried out researches allow to draw a conclusion that the design and parameters of a flexible shell of a balloon-type air springs ensure its strength under operational loading schemes. Therefore, in order to improve the dynamic qualities of vehicles, it is proposed to use a flexible shell of a pneumatic spring as a component of the spring suspension.