bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate Change And Agriculture Management – Western Balkan Region Analysis
Authors: Županić Franc Željko , Radić Danka , Podbregar Iztok 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this paper is to analyze the possibilities of the agricultural sector of the Western Balkans, to assess compliance with the European Green Deal, which provides for the implementation of activities, which should enable the transition to the green sector and climate change mitigation. This paper is the first scientific paper to analyze agriculture and climate change in light of the EU Green Deal for the Western Balkan territory.Results: Agricultural production is one of the leading industries in the Western Balkans. In the Republic of Serbia, the total gross value of agricultural production in 2019 amounted to 5.5 billion dollars, in Albania, it is the basis of the life of the population and the system of protection against unemployment, while in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1/5 of the population is employed in this sector. Montenegro has a significant share in the gross domestic product (GDP, 8%), while in the Republic of Northern Macedonia agriculture accounts for 13% of GDP. Climate change and predictions that temperatures will increase by 4oC in the coming decades pose a risk not only to agricultural production but also to the safety of the population. If it takes into account that the agricultural production of the countries of the Western Balkans depends primarily on rain, this makes this sector particularly vulnerable. Unless appropriate measures are taken and risk management for water resources and agriculture is improved, there will be a decrease in precipitation and an increase in dry days by 20%. One of the ways to implement adequate activities is the adoption of regulations related to the creation of local energy management, which will enable the assessment of climate change and based on them to give appropriate "energy response“. Conclusions: Taking this combined and ambitious approach and using the latest developments in knowledge and innovation, the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) aligns agriculture with the European Green Deal, which aims to create an inclusive, competitive, and environmentally friendly future for Europe. Finding renewable energy sources and improving risk management can mitigate the negative impact of climate change and prevent the loss of agrobiodiversity.
Comprehensive analysis of tumor microenvironment landscape and potential therapeutic agents based on tumor-infiltrating immune cells in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhong Wenhui , Zhang Feng , Lu Xin , Huang Kaijun , Bi Junming , Liu Yubin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIIC) are the major components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play vital roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Increasing evidence has elucidated their significances in predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy. Nonetheless, the immune infiltrative landscape of CRC remains largely unknown. Methods: All the RNA-seq transcriptome data and full clinical annotation of 1213 colorectal cancer patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene-Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The “CIBERSORT” and “estimate” R package were applied to calculate 22 infiltrated immune cell fractions and stromal and immune score. Three TIIC patterns were determined by Unsupervised clustering methods. Through using principal-component analysis, TIIC scores were established. Data for potential agents comes from the Profiling Relative Inhibition Simultaneously in Mixtures (PRISM) and Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal database (CTRP). Results：In this study, we identified three distinct TIIC patterns characterized by distinct immunological features in 1213 CRC samples from multiple platforms. Base on the TIIC-related gene signatures from three clusters, we constructed a scoring system to quantify the immune infiltration level of individual samples in the CRC cohort and the clinical benefits of different groups. The high TIIC score group was marked by increased immune activation status and favorable prognosis. Conversely, low TIIC score group was featured with immune-desert phenotype and poor prognosis, along with the activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), WNT, ECM receptor interaction, and VEGF signaling pathways. Meanwhile, the high TIIC score group was also correlated with enhanced efficacy of immunotherapy. Additional, four chemotherapy drugs, seven CTRP-derived drug compounds and six PRISM-derived drug compounds were identified as potential drug for CRC among high and low TIIC subgroups.Conclusions: Collectively, as an effective prognostic biomarker and predictive indicator, the TIIC score plays an important role in the evaluation of CRC prognosis and the response of immunotherapy. Investigation of the TIIC patterns might provide us a promising target for improving immunotherapeutic efficacy in CRC.
Thalamocortical Connection Changes with Recovery of Impaired Consciousness in a Stroke Patient with Parietal Lobe Injury
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Chang Chul Hoon , Lee Sung Jun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A 52-year-old female patient underwent craniectomy and hematoma removal for a spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the left parietal lobe, as well as intraventricular and subarachnoid hemorrhages (Fig. 1-A). Brain magnetic resonance images obtained three months after onset showed leukomalactic lesions in the left parieto-occipital lobes (Fig. 1-A). Initially, the patient was in a vegetative state with a Coma Recovery Scale-revised score of 11 (auditory function: 2, visual function: 4, motor function: 2, verbal function: 1, communication: 0, and arousal: 2) (1). Subsequently, she underwent comprehensive rehabilitation, which included neurotropic drug treatments (armodafinil, pramipexole, amantadine, levodopa, and baclofen) and physical and occupational therapies (including tilt table standing). In addition, transcranial direct current stimulation was administered by using a neuroConn DC-stimulator. The anode was placed on the left parietal lobe (centered on the supraparietal lobule) and the cathode was placed on the opposite supraorbital region. The transcranial direct current stimulation intensity was 2 mA and the duration was 20 minutes/session with one session/day and seven sessions/week. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation using a MagPro stimulator was applied to mid-portion of the right intraparietal sulcus at a frequency of 10 Hz with an 80% motor threshold intensity and 160 pulses for 8 minutes/session with one session/day and seven sessions/week. After one month of rehabilitation, the patient had recovered to a nearly normal conscious state with a Coma Recovery Scale-revised score of 21 (auditory function: 4, visual function: 5, motor function: 5, verbal function: 2, communication: 2, arousal: 3) [1]. The patient’s sister provided signed, informed consent, and the study protocol was approved by our institutional review board.
Excessive Blood Loss After Revision Hip Arthroplasty is Related to the use of Closed Suction Drainage: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Bartosz Paweł , Grzelecki Dariusz , Chaberek Sławomir , Para Marcin , Marczyński Wojciech , Białecki Jerzy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:Suction drainage after primary total hip arthroplasties (THA) offers no benefits. Revision hip arthroplasties (RHA) are more demanding procedures and associated with greater blood loss compared to primary cases. There is still a lack of literature regarding the application of drainage in RHA.Material and Methods:A total of 40 patients who underwent RHA were included in this prospective study. Simple randomization with an allocation ratio 1:1 was performed. Primary outcomes: total blood loss, hemoglobin drop, joint hematoma size in USG, infection. Secondary outcomes: blood transfusion rate, soft tissue hematomas, C-reactive protein levels, Visual Analogue Scale before and on 3rd day after surgery, Harris Hip Score before and 6 weeks after surgery. An intention to treat analysis was performed, with a 2-year follow up.Results:Statistically significant differences between groups was in blood loss: drainage 1559.78 ml, non-drainage 1058.27 ml, (p=0.029) and hemoglobin level on 1st day after surgery: drainage 10.58 g/dl, non-drainage 11.61 g/dl (p=0.0496). In terms of the other analyzed parameters, statistical differences were not found. Conclusion:Our study revealed that the use of suction drainage may lead to higher blood loss in the early postoperative period. Further studies are needed to evaluate our results.
Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) With Obesity And Underweight In Children
Authors: Hanć Tomasz , Bryl Ewa , Szcześniewska Paula , Dutkiewicz Agata , Borkowska Aneta Rita , Paszyńska Elżbieta , Słopień Agnieszka , Dmitrzak-Weglarz Monika 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are related to both obesity and underweight from childhood, and that the association of ACEs with weight abnormalities is modulated by type of ACEs, sex and socioeconomic status (SES) indices. Methods: The relations between ACEs (0 vs ≥1), ACE accumulation and ACE type with weight status and z scores BMI were assessed in 503 children aged 6-12 years from Poznan, Poland. The effects of interaction of ACEs with sex and SES on z scores BMI were included in the analyses. Results: ACEs were significantly related to both obesity and underweight, in unadjusted analysis, and when sex and SES indices, such as size of place of residence, people per room in household, and parental education were controlled. The relation of ACEs with z scores BMI was modulated by ACE type, parental subjective assessment of economic situation of a family and parental education. ACE accumulation was not related to an increase of obesity or underweight rate, or z scores BMI. Conclusion: The study implicates the need for both obesity and underweight prevention in individuals with adverse experiences as early as in childhood.
Peak Systolic Velocity at Arterial Doppler Ultrasound in Pediatric Liver Transplantation: as Predictor of Acute Severe Complications.
Authors: Coma Ana , Anton-Jimenez Alba , Escudero-Fernandez Jose Miguel , Quintero Jesus , Molino Jose Andres , Ortega Juan , Hidalgo Ernest , Charco Ramon , Vazquez Elida 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine whether hepatic artery Doppler ultrasound parameters can predict arterial complications in the immediate period after a liver transplantation in children.A retrospective review of the pediatric liver database at our tertiary-care pediatric hospital was performed. The study included 57 pediatric patients who underwent liver transplantation from 2016 to 2020. Clinical, laboratory and Doppler findings were recorded daily the first 5 days after transplantation. Especial attention was focused on extrahepatic post-anastomotic Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) and intrahepatic Resistive Index (RI). Forty-nine liver transplant recipients were analyzed. Patients with acute hepatic artery complications, including acute thrombosis and stenosis, had lower PSV values at 3 and 4 days after surgery compared to the group with non-complications, with a statistical significance (p=.015). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined an optimal cut-off value of PSV less than 30 cm/s to discriminate children with and without acute hepatic arterial complications, which is lower than that proposed in adults. It correlates with acute arterial stenosis and thrombosis in children even before RI, clinical symptoms or laboratory anomalies appear.
Renal Infarction Associated with Atrial Fibrillation Following ICD Implantation: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Huang Yingshuo , Sun Ying 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of thromboembolism in the kidney. Renal infarction in atrial fibrillation receiving implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) treatment is rarely seen.Case Presentation: We reported a case of a 76-year-old woman who presented with palpitations and short of breath with ECG showing paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) and long RR interval. The patient was diagnosed congestive heart failure with NYHA class III-IV and received an ICD implantation as the onset of ventricular tachycardia. The seventh after ICD implantation operation, she complained of right lower abdominal pain with fever and blood WBC increased. Right renal infarction was confirmed after abdominal enhancement computed tomography scan. Anticoagulation therapy was given immediately, the patient had an stable international normalized ratio (INR) and mild elevated serum creatinine levels during follow-up.Conclusion: This case enlightened us some comprehension about the strategy for periprocedural anticoagulation and prevention of thromboembolism in the elderly with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Renal infarction and anticoagulation strategies for atrial fibrillation during perioperation were reviewed in this paper.
Green Nanoparticles Synthesized From Endophytic Fungi (Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides) Break Antibiotic Resistance in Pathogenic E. Coli
Authors: N Mohamed Juvad , S Ranjani , Hemalatha S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Green Nanotechnology synthesizes nanoparticles from a myriad of perspectives or sources including plants and microscopic structures as well as biologically active compounds. Endophytic fungi are organisms that really can mimic and produce secondary metabolites similar to their hosts. In this study, we focus on the Endophytic fungal mediated silver nanoparticles (CgAgNPs) synthesized by using aqueous extract of endophyte Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and SEM. To assess the efficacy of CgAgNPs, antimicrobial assays were performed against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and antibiotic resistant pathogenic clinical strains of E. coli. In order to find the interaction ability of fungal metabolites with CTX-M-15 and AmpC gene products In silico inspections were done through Molecular docking. Lipinski screening and ADMET analysis were performed for fungal metabolites to screen the lead compounds and drug ability to analyze the pharmacokinetic properties.
Facklamia Hominis Pyelonephritis in a Pediatric Patient: First Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Cavazos Samantha Perez , Saldaña Daniela Cisneros , Villaseñor Fernando Espinosa , Bejarano José Iván Castillo , Aparicio Denisse Natalie Vaquera , Alanís Hugo Sánchez , Santos Abiel Homero Mascareñas de los 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Pyelonephritis is one of the most serious bacterial illnesses during childhood. Gram-negative organisms account for up to 90% of the cases. Gram-positive bacteria are uncommon causes of urinary tract infections, and only a few cases caused by Facklamia hominis have been reported in the literature.
Case presentation:

A five-year-old girl with tracheostomy and gastrostomy and past medical history of congenital lymphangioma presented with a two-week history of with intermittent fever, frequent urination, and vesical tenesmus. Diagnosis of pyelonephritis was made. Urine culture reported colonies with alpha-hemolysis in blood agar at 48-hours of incubation and Facklamia hominis was identified by MALDI-TOF. The patient was successfully treated with gentamicin.
Conclusions

This is the first reported case of pyelonephritis by Facklamia hominis in a child, and the second involving infection in a pediatric patient. Although this pathogen is uncommon, current treatment of F. hominis is a challenge for physicians. This case illustrates the requirement to standardize identification and treatment of care to avoid treatment failure and antimicrobial resistance.
Emergency Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation of Out-of Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Why Should we Care
Authors: Huang Luxiao , Chen Jinyao , Yu Baojun , Tang Chunfu , Ma Xiaoliang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) plays an essential role in the treatment of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), we aimed to evaluate the influencing factors on the effects of CPR in patients with SCA, to provide insights into the management of SCA.Methods: Patients who underwent CPR in the emergency department of our hospital from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021 were selected. We collected and analyzed the clinical characteristics of CPR patients. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors of CPR failure.Results: A total of 308 CPR patients were included, the incidence of CPR success was 35.71%. There were significant differences in the age, time to the start of CPR, the type of heart rhythm in the first monitoring, duration of CPR and cumulative adrenaline dosage between CPR success and failure group (all P<0.05). No significant differences in the gender, cause of cardiac arrest and ventilation methods were found (all P>0.05). Logistic regression analyses indicated that age≥65y(OR2.132, 95CI%1.127~4.334), time to the start of CPR≥12min(OR2.503, 95CI%1.015~3.583), unable to defibrillation(OR1.856, 95CI%1.107~3.031), duration of CPR≥40min(OR2.162, 95CI%1.242~4.178), cumulative adrenaline dosage≥6mg(OR1.627, 95CI%1.151~2.472) were the independent risk factors of CPR failure(all P<0.05).Conclusions: The success and failure of CPR are affected by many factors. Early and effective interventions should be taken for these influencing factors in clinical practice. Due to the limitation of sample size, future large-sample and multi-center studies need to further explore the relevant influencing factors of CPR.
Clinical Characteristics of Healthcare Workers with SARS-CoV-2 Infection after Vaccination with BNT162b2 Vaccine
Authors: Lombardi Andrea , Renisi Giulia , Consonni Dario , Oggioni Massimo , Bono Patrizia , Renteria Sara Uceda , Piatti Alessandra , Pesatori Angela Cecilia , Castaldi Silvana , Muscatello Antonio , Riboldi Luciano , Ceriotti Ferruccio , Gori Andrea , Bandera Alessandra 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has hardly affected the entire world. Vaccines against COVID-19 appear as a tool able to curb out the mortality and to reduce the circulation of the virus. Little is known so far about the clinical characteristics of individuals who developed SARS-CoV-2 infection after having received the vaccination, as well as the temporal relationship between vaccine administration and symptoms onset.Methods: Retrospective cohort study among the healthcare workers (HCWs) of the Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico of Milano, vaccinated with the BNT162b2 vaccine who developed SARS-CoV-2 infection (documented through positive RT-PCR on NPSs). Results: Overall, we have identified 15 HCWs with SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination, 7 (46.7%) of them were male and the mean age was 38.4 years (SD 14). In 4 of them the presence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapside (anti-N) antibodies was assessed before vaccination and resulted positive in 1 case. In all HCWs the presence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike (anti-S1) antibodies was assessed, in average 42.2 days after the completion of vaccination, with a mean value of 2,055 U/mL (SD 1,927.3). SARS-CoV-2 infection was ascertained in average 56.2 days after vaccination. The mean cycle threshold (Ct) of SARS-CoV-2 PCR was 26.4, the lineage was characterized in 9 HCWs. None of the HCWs reported a primary or secondary immunodeficiency. Regarding symptoms, they were reported only by 7 (46.7%) HCWs and appeared on average 55 days after the second dose of vaccination. Of those who reported symptoms, one (14.3%) had fever, 7 (100%) rhinitis/conjunctivitis, 4 (57.1%) taste and smell alterations, none had respiratory symptoms, 4 headache/arthralgia (57.1%) and 1 gastrointestinal symptoms (14.3%). All symptoms disappeared in a few days and no other unclassified symptoms were reported.Conclusions: Infections occurring after vaccination with BNT162b2 vaccine are mostly asymptomatic and are not associated with the serum titre of anti-S1 antibodies. We did not find a predominance of a specific viral variants, with several lineages represented.
Factors Influencing the Uptake of Short Term Contraceptives Among Women in Afghanistan: Further Analysis of Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey 2015 (A Cross Sectional Study)
Authors: Noormal Ahmad Siyar , Winkler Volker , Eshraqi Ali Maisam , Deckert Andreas , Sadaat Iftekhar , Dambach Peter 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to assess factors that influence the uptake of short term contraceptives among married women aged between 15-49 years in Afghanistan.Method: The cross sectional Afghanistan 2015 Demographic and Health Survey provided the dataset for this analysis. We included 22,974 women and applied multivariable logistic regression to investigate the influencing factors for the uptake of short term contraceptives.Results: 95% of Afghan women knew at least one type of contraception but only 16% were using short term contraceptives. Short term contraceptive use was most prevalent among women in the age group between 30 and 40 who were educated, employed, and rich. Most of users were living in the western parts of Afghanistan and belong to Balooch and Pashtun ethnic groups. Media exposure and women empowerment were also positively associated with the use of short term contraceptives. However, we did not find an association with living in urban or rural settings.Conclusion: FP in Afghanistan requires multisectorial efforts, tailored to the needs of women stemming from low and middle socioeconomic status. Health promotion 5 activities, empowering women, strengthening education, and training of FP service providers on effective counseling are good options to address the issue.
Child-onset Hemifacial Spasm-a case report
Authors: Sun Tao , Li Ning , Liu Jinlong , Yang Chao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHemifacial spasm (HFS) is a common cranial nerve disease, with peak onset in the forty to sixty years old and child-onset HFS is rare. HFS brings many negative effects on the physical and mental health of patients. Here, we report a 10-year-old case of primary HFS patient.Case PresentationHere we report an 11-year-old HFS case last for more than 1 year. An 11-year-old girl complained of frequently involuntary twitch in lower eyelid as the girl was 10 years old, then symptom worsen gradually involved right upper lip in recently months. The girl’s daily life was badly influenced. Brain magnetic resonance imaging indicated that AICA compressed right facial nerve. The patient was treated with carbamazepine 200mg per day, and symptom gradually relieve. But bad treatment compliance appeared, and we introduced the advantages and disadvantages of botulinum toxin and MVD to her parents. However, considering the young age, above mentioned options are not considered for the time being. And more observations of medications treatment were needed to guide further treatment.ConclusionChild-onset hemifacial spasm is rare and the case we report is one of the youngest known cases of such disease. For such patients, medication is the first choice, but the exact mechanisms remain to be further explored.