bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taxonomic and genetic confirmed findings of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) larvae in the Barents Sea
Authors: Hjelset Ann Merete , Danielsen Hanna Ellerine Helle , Westgaard Jon-Ivar , Agnalt Ann-Lisbeth 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) is an Arctic cold-water species native to the northwestern Atlantic Ocean and the northern Pacific Ocean. During the recent decades, a population has established in the Barents Sea. Several aspects of the snow crabs’ biology in this area have not been described, including time of hatching, intermoult duration of the different larval stages and larval distribution. Insight into the early-life stages might increase the understanding of the population's dynamics and further spreading in the Barents Sea as well as inform basis for making monitoring and management decisions. The present study investigated the presence and developmental stage of snow crab larva in plankton samples obtained in the central Barents Sea during a research survey in June and July 2019. Presence of snow crab larvae was confirmed through taxonomic and genetic identification. All larvae were identified as zoea I, which gives an indication of the timing of the hatching period. Morphological measurements coincide well with those reported in studies from the species native distribution range. No larvae of native Hyas spp. were found and overlap in temporal and spatial distribution is discussed. The study provides important information for development of further research into the biology of the snow crab in the Barents Sea.
Stereotypes about very old people and perceived societal appreciation in very old age
Authors: Reissmann Marcella , Geithner Luise , Storms Anna , Woopen Christiane 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
People in very old age (VOA) are expected to be confronted with particularly negative stereotypes. These influence societally shared behavior towards and judgements about them. Such external evaluations of individuals’ lives are considered a crucial part of their quality of life (QoL).

Objective
The present study elaborated a) the societal appreciation perceived by people in VOA and b) the stereotypes about people in VOA held by stakeholders from key societal areas. The aim was to discuss possible connections between these external standards and individual life results.

Material and methods
A parallel mixed methods design was employed. Cross-sectional data from a representative survey of people aged 80 years and older (n = 1863) were analyzed by means of χ2-tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests to examine differences in perceived societal appreciation (PSA) by characteristics of the person, their biography, and current lifestyle. Linear regression models were used to investigate the impact of these characteristics on PSA. Regarding stereotypes about people in VOA, semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from key societal areas (n = 22) were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The quantitative and qualitative findings were juxtaposed for comparison.

Results
PSA was predicted by health-related variables and productive activities. Several societal stakeholders highlighted that age-related losses pose challenges on very old individuals, their families, and society, whereas remaining potentials in VOA can and should be used for the benefit of others; however, stakeholders‘ perceptions differed by the extent of their professional contact with (very) old people. Different pathways were proposed through which the observed stereotypes and determinants of PSA might be connected (e.g., stereotype internalization).

Conclusion
Our study illustrates the relevance of external standards for individual QoL and highlights the need for a normative perspective in the discussion about QoL and its enhancement.
“Stranger things” in the gut: uncommon items in gastrointestinal specimens
Authors: Grillo Federica , Campora Michela , Carlin Luca , Cornara Laura , Parente Paola , Vanoli Alessandro , Remo Andrea , Migliora Paola , Roberto Fiocca , Fassan Matteo , Mastracci Luca 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOrganic (such as parasites or vegetable remnants) and inorganic substances may be encountered during routine pathology diagnostic work up of endoscopic gastrointestinal biopsy samples and major resections, causing possible diagnostic conundrums for the young and not so young pathologists. The main aim of this review is the description of the most frequent oddities one can encounter as foreign bodies, in gastrointestinal pathology, on the basis of the current literature and personal experience. The types of encountered substances are divided into four principal categories: parasites (helminths such as Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides, Schistosoma, and Anisakis, and protozoa such as Entamoeba, Giardia and some intestinal coccidia); drugs and pharmaceutical fillers (found as deposits and as bystanders, innocent or not); seeds (possibly confused with worms) and plant remnants; pollutants (secondary to post-resection or post-biopsy contamination of the sample). An ample library of images is provided in order to consent easy referencing for diagnostic routine.
Lessons from behavioral lateralization in olfaction
Authors: Cavelius Matthias , Brunel Théo , Didier Anne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSensory information, sampled by sensory organs positioned on each side of the body may play a crucial role in organizing brain lateralization. This question is of particular interest with regard to the growing evidence of alteration in lateralization in several psychiatric conditions. In this context, the olfactory system, an ancient, mostly ipsilateral and well-conserved system across phylogeny may prove an interesting model system to understand the behavioral significance of brain lateralization. Here, we focused on behavioral data in vertebrates and non-vertebrates, suggesting that the two hemispheres of the brain differentially processed olfactory cues to achieve diverse sensory operations, such as detection, discrimination, identification of behavioral valuable cues or learning. These include reports across different species on best performances with one nostril or the other or odorant active sampling by one nostril or the other, depending on odorants or contexts. In some species, hints from peripheral anatomical or functional asymmetry were proposed to explain these asymmetries in behavior. Instigations of brain activation or more rarely of brain connectivity evoked by odorants revealed a complex picture with regards to asymmetric patterns which is discussed with respect to behavioral data. Along the steps of the discussed literature, we propose avenues for future research.
The genetic etiology of hearing loss in Japan revealed by the social health insurance-based genetic testing of 10K patients
Authors: Usami Shin-ichi , Nishio Shin-ya 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEtiological studies have shown genetic disorders to be a major cause of sensorineural hearing loss, but there are a limited number of comprehensive etiological reports based on genetic analysis. In the present study, the same platform using a diagnostic DNA panel carrying 63 deafness genes and the same filtering algorithm were applied to 10,047 samples obtained from social health insurance-based genetic testing of hearing loss. The most remarkable result obtained in this comprehensive study was that the data first clarified the genetic epidemiology from congenital/early-onset deafness to late-onset hearing loss. The overall diagnostic rate was 38.8%, with the rate differing for each age group; 48.6% for the congenital/early-onset group (~5y.o.), 33.5% for the juvenile/young adult-onset group, and 18.0% for the 40+ y.o. group. Interestingly, each group showed a different kind of causative gene. With regard to the mutational spectra, there are certain recurrent variants that may be due to founder effects or hot spots. A series of haplotype studies have shown many recurrent variants are due to founder effects, which is compatible with human migration. It should be noted that, regardless of differences in the mutational spectrum, the clinical characteristics caused by particular genes can be considered universal. This comprehensive review clarified the detailed clinical characteristics (onset age, severity, progressiveness, etc.) of hearing loss caused by each gene, and will provide useful information for future clinical application, including genetic counseling and selection of appropriate interventions.
Warm and humidified insufflation gas during gynecologic laparoscopic surgery reduces postoperative pain in predisposed patients—a randomized, controlled multi-arm trial
Authors: Breuer Markus , Wittenborn Julia , Rossaint Rolf , Van Waesberghe Julia , Kowark Ana , Mathei Deborah , Keszei András , Tchaikovski Svetlana , Zeppernick Magdalena , Zeppernick Felix , Stickeler Elmar , Zoremba Norbert , Meinhold-Heerlein Ivo , Bruells Christian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Postoperative pain remains a common problem in gynecologic laparoscopy, especially in head zone-related regions, triggered by intra-abdominal pressure during capnoperitoneum. Humidified and prewarmed insufflation gas may ameliorate pain and be beneficial.

Methods
This prospective randomized controlled parallel group multi-arm single-center study investigated the effects of temperature and humidity of insufflation gas on postoperative pain during gynecologic laparoscopy with a duration ≥ 60 min. Female participants (18—70 years) were blinded and randomly assigned—computer generated—to either insufflation with dry cold CO2 with forced air warming blanket (“AIR”), humidified warm gas without forced air warming blanket (“HUMI”), or humidified warm gas with forced air warming blanket (“HUMI +”). We hypothesized that using humidified warm gas resulted in lower pain scores and less analgesic consumption. The primary endpoint postoperative pain was assessed for different pain localizations every 12 h during 7 days after surgery. Secondary endpoints were demand for painkillers and epidural anesthetics, length of stay in recovery room, and hospital stay. (Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02781194—completed).

Results
150 participants were randomized. Compared to group “AIR” (n = 48), there was significantly less pain in group “HUMI +” (n = 48) in the recovery room (− 1.068; 95% CI − 2.08 to − 0.061), as well as significantly less ibuprofen use at day two (− 0.5871 g ± 0.258; p-value = 0.0471). Other variables did not change significantly. Stratification for presence of endometriosis or non-previous abdominal surgery in patient history revealed significantly less pain in both groups “HUMI” (n = 50) and “HUMI +” versus group “AIR.” Related side effects were not noted.

Conclusion
In the overall population, the use of warm, humidified insufflation gas did not yield clinically relevant effects; however, in predisposed patients with endometriosis and who could otherwise expect high pain levels, warm and humidified gas may be beneficial.
Delay of growth release after a windthrow event and climate response in a light-demanding species (European larch Larix decidua Mill.)
Authors: Izworska Katarzyna , Muter Elżbieta , Fleischer Peter , Zielonka Tomasz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractKey messageLarch trees respond to stand opening with an approximately 4-year delay of growth, and low precipitation in July limits radial growth after a windthrow event.AbstractPrecise cross-dating of disturbance events is crucial to understanding the functioning of forest stands, and may help explain ongoing ecological processes in a forest. Tree rings are very often used to reconstruct the history of disturbances and to study the response of trees to climatic factors. This study analyzed how quickly European larch can benefit from an abrupt change after catastrophic windthrow events and the extent of trees’ sensitivity to climate. The study is based on cores from 83 larch trees collected in a post-disturbance 100 ha plot established after a catastrophic windstorm in 2004 in the Slovakian High Tatras. Growth release was calculated from the percentage of growth change (PGC) measured in tree rings. The time lag between the disturbance event and release was related to tree diameter at breast height, tree age, and tree’s previous growth. The time lag between the year of the event and the year of growth reaction was 4.6 years on average (median 4 years) in a multi-aged group of trees. The climate analyses employed residual chronology. The new environmental conditions in the post-disturbance area have altered the trees’ growth reaction to climate; in particular, they show sensitivity to water deficit in July.
Wärmepumpenzuwachs in Österreich bis 2030 und dessen Auswirkung auf Lastprofile – Evaluieren von Sensitivitäten am Beispiel eines Testmodells für europäische Lastdeckungsanalysen
Authors: Petz Marlene , Meier Dennis , Hierzer Johannes , Achleitner Georg , Misak Kurt , Bres Aurelien , Spreitzhofer Johanna 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Übertragungsnetzbetreiber spielt eine wesentliche Rolle bei der Aufrechterhaltung der Versorgungssicherheit. Zum einen hat er für den sicheren Netz- und Systembetrieb zu sorgen, zum anderen wird ihm zunehmend – insbesondere durch das Clean Energy Package – die Verantwortung zur Beurteilung der künftigen Lastdeckungsmöglichkeiten übertragen. Im operativen Betrieb ist geschultes Personal für den Erhalt der Netzsicherheit im Echtzeitbetrieb notwendig, im Planungsbereich befassen sich immer mehr Expert:innen mit der Prognose sowie Analyse der zukünftigen Energiesysteme. Hierfür werden zwei Entwicklungspfade unterschieden: Netzanalysen, welche sich mit dem Netzausbau der nächsten Jahrzehnte (Ten-Year Network Development Plan) beschäftigen, sowie Lastdeckungsanalysen (Resource Adequacy Assessments), um den zukünftigen Kraftwerkspark und die prognostizierte Last in jedem Land gegenüberzustellen. Für beide Prozesse ist eine stabile Datenbasis des zukünftigen Kraftwerksparks auf der einen Seite sowie der Lastentwicklung auf der anderen Seite essenziell. Die Entwicklungen zusätzlicher Lastkomponenten (z. B. Elektromobilität, Wärmepumpen, Datencenter, Batterien) spielen hierbei eine bedeutende Rolle. Die Zunahme dieser Lastkomponenten im österreichischen Stromnetz und die Auswirkungen auf dessen Lastdeckungssituation wird aktuell von der Austrian Power Grid AG (APG) gemeinsam mit Forschungspartnern untersucht. Im Folgenden wird ein Überblick über die Bestandsentwicklung von Wärmepumpen in Österreich bis 2030 gegeben. Zusätzlich werden drei errechnete Entwicklungsszenarien vorgestellt und deren potenzielle Auswirkungen auf die Lastdeckungssituation in einem vereinfachten trilateralen Modell simuliert.
Spatio-temporal variability of atmospheric rivers and associated atmospheric parameters in the Euro-Atlantic region
Authors: Thandlam Venugopal , Rutgersson Anna , Sahlee Erik 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe study the spatio-temporal variability of Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) and associated integrated water vapor and atmospheric parameters over the Euro-Atlantic region using long-term reanalysis datasets. Winds, temperature, and specific humidity at different pressure levels during 1979–2018 are used to study the water vapor transport integrated between 1000 and 300 hPa (IVT300) in mapping ARs. The intensity of ARs in the North Atlantic has been increasing in recent times (2009–2018) with large decadal variability and poleward shift (~ 5° towards the North) in landfall during 1999–2018. Though different reanalysis datasets show similar spatial patterns of IVT300 in mapping ARs, bias in specific humidity and wind components led to IVT300 mean bias of 50 kg m−1 s−1in different reanalysis products compared to ERA5. The magnitude of winds and specific humidity in the lower atmosphere (below 750 hPa) dominates the total column water vapor and intensity of ARs in the North Atlantic. Reanalysis datasets in the central North Atlantic show an IVT300 standard deviation of 200 kg m−1 s−1which is around 33% of the ARs climatology (~ 600 kg m−1 s−1). Though ARs have a higher frequency of landfalling over Western Europe in winter half-year, the intensity of IVT300 in winter ARs is 3% lower than the annual mean. The lower frequency of ARs in the summer half-year shows 3% higher IVT300 than the annual mean. While ARs in the North Atlantic show a strong decadal change in frequency and path, the impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Scandinavian blocking on the location of landfall of ARs are significant. Furthermore, there is a strong latitudinal dependence of the source of moisture flux in the open ocean, contributing to the formation and strengthening ARs.
Estimating the causal effect of transient anemia status on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in community-dwelling patients in Japan at the beginning of impaired renal function using marginal structural modeling
Authors: Onozawa Satoshi , Kimura Tomomi , Ito Yuichiro , Akizawa Tadao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Anemia status may be transient. Causal associations between changes in anemia status over time and adverse outcome development are not well characterized in community-dwelling subjects at the beginning of impaired kidney function.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used annual health checkup and medical and pharmacy claims data from the JMDC between January 2005 and June 2019. Community-dwelling subjects in Japan with a pre-index estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 followed by a subsequent eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (index) were included. The composite renal outcome was ≥ 30% eGFR reduction over 3 years from baseline, serum creatinine doubling, progression to chronic dialysis, kidney transplantation, or eGFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2. The composite cardiovascular outcome was fatal and non-fatal unstable angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure, or cerebrovascular event. Time-dependent anemia risk was evaluated using Breslow’s estimator and marginal structural Cox models (MSM).

Results
In 32,870 included subjects, 1,396 had anemia at baseline. Adverse outcome incidence was higher in the baseline anemic group, but absolute differences in renal and cardiovascular outcomes between groups were diminished after adjusting for baseline characteristics. In MSM, time-dependent anemia status was associated with higher risk of renal (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]; 2.6 [1.7–3.8]) and cardiovascular (1.6 [1.2–2.2]) outcomes and mortality (2.8 [1.8–4.3]). Absolute differences in survival probabilities were retained over time but were clinically marginal (1.1–2.7% over 6 years).

Conclusions
Even in subjects at the very early stage of impaired kidney function, early detection and treatment of anemia may help reduce the development of negative sequelae.
Assessing landscape features and ecosystem services of marine protected areas through photographs on social media: comparison of two archipelagos in Spain
Authors: Alieva D. , Holgado D. , de Juan S. , Ruiz-Frau A. , Villasante S. , Maya-Jariego I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMarine protected areas provide cultural services including the aesthetic appreciation of the landscape and the performance of recreational activities. In this study, we use the photographs shared by users in a digital repository to describe the distinctive characteristics of two terrestrial-maritime natural parks in Spain. In total, 1041 photos and 2342 tags generated by 76 users were analyzed. The results show the greatest salience of the landscape values, followed by historical monuments and the sighting of fauna and flora. The methodology based on the extraction of digital data fromFlickrfacilitates the efficient comparison of a Mediterranean archipelago (Cabrera Island) with an Atlantic archipelago (Cíes Islands). However, some important limitations were also detected in the descriptive capacity of this method, in comparison with the content analysis by external observers. But, overall, the evaluation of the subjective experience of visitors to natural areas can be very useful for tourism management of the marine environment.
Biochar and slow-releasing nitrogen fertilizers improved growth, nitrogen use, yield, and fiber quality of cotton under arid climatic conditions
Authors: Manzoor Sobia , Habib-ur-Rahman Muhammad , Haider Ghulam , Ghafoor Iqra , Ahmad Saeed , Afzal Muhammad , Nawaz Fahim , Iqbal Rashid , Yasin Mubashra , Tanveer-ul-Haq  , Danish Subhan , Ghaffar Abdul 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizers in South Asia is on a declining trajectory due to increased losses. Biochar (BC) and slow-releasing nitrogen fertilizers (SRNF) have been found to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in certain cases. However, field-scale studies to explore the potential of BC and SRNF in south Asian arid climate are lacking. Here we conducted a field experiment in the arid environment to demonstrate the response of BC and SRNF on cotton growth and yield quality. The treatments were comprised of two factors, (A) nitrogen sources, (i) simple urea, (ii)neem-coated urea, (iii)sulfur-coated urea, (iv) bacterial coated urea, and cotton stalks biochar impregnated with simple urea, and (B) nitrogen application rates, N1=160 kg ha-1, N2 = 120 kg ha-1, and N3 = 80 kg ha-1. Different SRNF differentially affected cotton growth, morphological and physiological attributes, and seed cotton yield (SCY). The bacterial coated urea at the highest rate of N application (160 kg ha-1) resulted in a higher net leaf photosynthetic rate (32.8 μmol m-2 s-1), leaf transpiration rate (8.10 mmol s-1), and stomatal conductance (0.502 mol m-2 s-1), while leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), and seed cotton yield (4513 kg ha-1) were increased by bacterial coated urea at 120 kg ha-1 than simple urea. However, low rate N application (80 kg ha-1) of bacterial coated urea showed higher nitrogen use efficiency (39.6 kg SCY kg-1 N). The fiber quality (fiber length, fiber strength, ginning outturn, fiber index, and seed index) was also increased with the high N application rates than N2 and N3 application. To summarize, the bacterial coated urea with recommended N (160 kg ha-1) and 75% of recommended N application (120 kg ha-1) may be recommended for farmers in the arid climatic conditions of Punjab to enhance the seed cotton yield, thereby reducing nitrogen losses.
Recent development in biogeotechnology and its engineering applications
Authors: Lai Hanjiang , Wu Shifan , Cui Mingjuan , Chu Jian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMicrobial geotechnology or biogeotechnology is a new branch of geotechnical engineering. It involves the use of microbiology for traditional geotechnical applications. Many new innovative soil improvement methods have been developed in recent years based on this approach. A proper understanding of the various approaches and the performances of different methods can help researchers and engineers to develop the most appropriate geotechnical solutions. At present, most of the methods can be categorized into three major types, biocementation, bioclogging, and biogas desaturation. Similarities and differences of different approaches and their potential applications are reviewed. Factors affecting the different processes are also discussed. Examples of up-scaled model tests and pilot trials are presented to show the emerging applications. The challenges and problems of biogeotechnology are also discussed.