bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcription factor 4 expression in circulating tumor cells from castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Nagaya Naoya , Lee Geun Taek , Lu Yan , Ashizawa Takeshi , Nagata Masayoshi , Kim Isaac Yi , Horie Shigeo 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionNeuroendocrine differentiation is partly caused by antiandrogen therapy and exhibits an androgen receptor‐independent growth mechanism. We hypothesized that the expression of transcription factor 4, an inducer of neuroendocrine differentiation, in circulating tumor cells is related to drug resistance in castration‐resistant prostate cancer.Case presentationWe evaluate the messenger ribonucleic acid expression of transcription factor 4 in circulating tumor cells from 17 patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer and compared these levels between patients receiving antiandrogen therapies and those who were resistant to antiandrogen therapies and receiving chemotherapies. The expression of transcription factor 4 in circulating tumor cells was significantly higher among patients receiving chemotherapies.ConclusionThis study shows that transcription factor 4 is higher in the group of patients who were judged by their physicians to need chemotherapy treatment.
Recovery of Symmetrical Peripheral Gangrene of Limbs in a Patient After Performing Hemoadsorption in Septic Shock
Authors: Uncu Ulu Bahar , Yiğenoğlu Tuğçe Nur , Hacıbekiroğlu Tuba , Sağlam Dursun Ali , Kılınç Ali , İskender Gülşen , Çakar Merih Kızıl , Dal Mehmet Sinan , Altuntaş Fevzi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe report a 42‐year‐old patient who had Hodgkin lymphoma and developed bilateral symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) in the feet and hands, which occurred during septic shock after autologous hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation. SPG is a rare but severe complication of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and is frequently associated with sepsis. The pathophysiology of SPG includes DIC‐mediated intravascular thrombosis and thrombotic occlusion of microcirculation, resulting in low blood flow. Sepsis‐induced hypotension has been suspected as one of the other causes of SPG, and it is thought to be aggravated by vasopressor treatments given for hypotension. Our patient first experienced coldness, paleness, and cyanosis in his body's acral parts, and then SPG later developed in both his feet and hands. Septic shock management was performed with cytokine hemoadsorption, broad‐spectrum antibiotics, and massive fluid replacement rapidly. The patient fully recovered without the need for amputation. Hemoadsorption is an extracorporeal cytokine‐adsorption method for removing excess cytokines. Prompt management of septic shock and early monitoring of peripheral ischemia are essential to avoid SPG.
Role of pyroptosis in atherosclerosis and its therapeutic implications
Authors: He Bin , Nie Qiangqiang , Wang Feng , Han Yongxin , Yang Bo , Sun Mingsheng , Fan Xueqiang , Ye Zhidong , Liu Peng , Wen Jianyan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a significant cardiovascular burden and a leading cause of death worldwide, recognized as a chronic sterile inflammatory disease. Pyroptosis is a novel proinflammatory regulated cell death, characterized by cell swelling, plasma membrane bubbling, and robust release of proinflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin IL‐1β and IL‐18). Mounting studies have addressed the crucial contribution of pyroptosis to atherosclerosis and clarified the candidate therapeutic agents targeting pyroptosis for atherosclerosis. Herein, we review the initial characterization of pyroptosis, the detailed mechanisms of pyroptosis, current evidence about pyroptosis and atherosclerosis, and potential therapeutic strategies that target pyroptosis in the development of atherosclerosis.
Open‐access colonoscopy quality indicators and patient perception using split‐dose bowel preparation
Authors: Manem Nihita , Donovan Katherine , Miller David , Yodice Michael , Wang Katie , Balogun Khadijat , Kabbach Ghassan , Feustel Paul , Tadros Micheal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and AimOpen‐access (OA) colonoscopies are defined as those scheduled without a gastrointestinal (GI) office visit. Past research has not focused on split preparation use and patient perception within OA. We aim to identify differences in bowel preparation (BP) adequacy, adenoma detection rate (ADR), self‐reported compliance, and patient perception between OA and GI providers using split prep.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study using split BP for colonoscopies. Patients completed a survey, and demographics, BP adequacy, and ADR were recorded. BP compliance was self‐reported. Patients were asked three questions qualifying the BP instructions. Data were analyzed using chi square and Mann–Whitney tests by SPSS.ResultsBP adequacy was reported for 56 of 60 patients. Twenty‐one participants (38%) were scheduled on OA, and 35 participants (62%) were scheduled after a GI office visit. Adequate BP was more frequent in 86% (18/21) of OA patients compared to 60% (21/35) in the GI group (P = 0.043). OA patients reported better review and explanation of the BP instructions compared to GI patients. There was no statistical difference between the demographics of the OA and GI groups or self‐reported compliance and patient understanding of instructions.ConclusionOA scheduled colonoscopies were associated with more adequate BP. This could be explained by patients' self‐motivation or an explanation of the importance of completing BP. This study supports the use of OA procedures as a standard of care.
Combined parametric down‐ and up‐conversion noncollinear processes under picosecond pumping in KTP, controlled by injection seeding
Authors: Vereshchagin Konstantin A. , Vereshchagin Alexey K. , Morozov Vyacheslav B. , Tunkin Vladimir G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA cascade mechanism of the emerging of a radiation in blue and red spectral ranges in the KTP crystal—combined non‐collinear parametric down‐ and up‐conversion—was discovered and experimentally investigated. To become observable this mechanism needs to be accompanied by a process of parametric amplification of the seeding wave. The non‐collinear optical parametric amplifier based on the KTP crystal, pumped by 532 nm picosecond pulses, was exploited to study combined noncollinear down‐conversion and up‐conversion processes. Narrowband seeding was provided by radiation of a picosecond optical parametric generator pumped by 355‐nm picosecond pulses synchronized with 532‐nm pulses. The corresponding phase matching conditions for both down‐ and up‐conversion stages were found out on the basis of the tuning curves calculated for the type II phase matching in the XOZ plane of the KTP crystal. When the wavelength and noncollinearity angle of the seeding matched any signal wave of the down‐conversion stage, the seeding was amplified. Along with this, a radiation appeared in the visible part of the spectrum, which was not observed without seeding amplification. The wavelengths and spatial patterns of the radiation arisen, corresponded to some phasematched processes of sum frequency generation between the signal and idler waves existing in the crystal at the down‐conversion stage. Being very weak, these processes are usually unobserved. Thus, injection seeding allows from plenty possible processes to reveal and highlight only those, which correspond to the noncollinearity angle and the wavelength of the seeding. This phenomenon potentially can be exploited to control light at the outlet of a nonlinear crystal.
Estimation of the number of active sites through kinetic analysis on MWCNT‐supported nanocatalysts
Authors: Erünal Ebru 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA semiempirical approach was derived to obtain turnover frequency (TOF) and the number of active sites in the absence of chemisorption methods. First, a deductive kinetic analysis was carried out considering the overall reaction of the selected cross‐coupling model reaction. The catalytic rate constants at various temperatures were estimated, and they were used to calculate the activation energy barrier. Then, the obtained activation energy was substituted in an energy span model to interpret semiempirical TOF values that enable the prediction of the number of active sites of the heterogeneous catalyst. The multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) supported nanocatalyst was prepared via the supercritical carbon dioxide deposition method. The reasonable number of active sites showed that the MWCNT character and the supercritical fluid deposition method seem to be effective to obtain efficient catalysts. This semiempirical approach is expected to provide a practical way to understand the catalyst properties and useful input to further scale‐up catalyst design studies.
Non‐invasive prenatal testing for the prenatal screening of sex chromosome aneuploidies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies
Authors: Soukkhaphone Bounhome , Lindsay Carmen , Langlois Sylvie , Little Julian , Rousseau Francois , Reinharz Daniel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is little evidence on the performance of non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for the detection of fetal sex chromosomal imbalances. In this review, we aimed to appraise and synthesize the literature on the performance of NIPT for the prenatal detection of fetal sex chromosome aneuploidies.MethodsWe performed our literature search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CADTH. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two reviewers independently. There were no restrictions on the study population. Meta‐analyses were performed with “R” software. Pooled sensitivities and specificities with their 95% CI were estimated using a random‐effects model. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by a Q test.ResultsBased on 11 studies in high prior risk pregnancies, including 116 affected fetuses in aggregate, Massively Parallel Shotgun Sequencing (MPSS) had a sensitivity of 93.9% (95% CI 84.1%, 97.8%) and a specificity of 99.6% (95% CI 98.7%, 99.9%) for the detection of 45,X. Based on four studies in high‐risk pregnancies, with 83 affected fetuses in aggregate, Targeted Massively Parallel Sequencing (TMPS) had a sensitivity of 83.2% (95% CI 49.6%, 96.2%) and specificity was 99.8% (95% CI 98.3%, 100%) for the detection of 45,X. In mixed‐risk pregnancies, the sensitivity of TMPS for the detection of 45,X was 90.9% (2 studies; 95% CI 70%, 97.7%) and specificity 99.9% (2 studies; 95% CI 99.4%, 100%); MPSS data were not available in such pregnancies. Based on smaller numbers of studies, and small numbers of affected fetuses in either high‐risk or mixed‐risk pregnancies (using either MPSS or TMPS), the sensitivities and specificities were equal to or greater than 76.2% for 47,XXX, 47,XXY and 47, XYY. The test failures for SCAs were 0.2% (95% CI 0%, 13.6%) for MPSS and 5.6% (95% CI 3.7%, 8.4%) for TMPS.ConclusionHigh‐quality studies are still desirable in order to estimate the performance of NIPT for the detection of sex chromosome imbalances.
Stepwise shortening of agalsidase beta infusion duration in Fabry disease: Clinical experience with infusion rate escalation protocol
Authors: Riccio Eleonora , Zanfardino Mario , Franzese Monica , Capuano Ivana , Buonanno Pasquale , Ferreri Lucia , Amicone Maria , Pisani Antonio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough enzyme replacement therapy with agalsidase beta resulted in a variety of clinical benefits, life‐long biweekly intravenous infusion may impact on patients’ quality of life. Moreover, regular infusions are time‐consuming: although a stepwise shortening of infusion duration is allowed up to a minimum of 1.5 hr, in most centers it remains ≥3 hr, and no data exists about the safety and tolerability of agalsidase beta administration at maximum tolerated infusion rate.MethodsIn this study, we reported our experience with a stepwise infusion rate escalation protocol developed in our center in a cohort of 53 Fabry patients (both already receiving and treatment‐naΪve), and explored factors predictive for the infusion rate increase tolerability.ResultsFifty‐two patients (98%) reduced infusion duration ≤3 hr; of these, 38 (72%) even reached a duration ≤2 hr. We found a significant difference between the mean duration reached by already treated and naΪve patients (p < .01). More severely affected patients (male patients and those with lower enzyme activity) received longer infusions for higher risk of infusion‐associated reactions (IARs). A significant correlation between anti‐agalsidase antibodies and IARs was found.ConclusionOur infusion rate escalation protocol is safe and could improve patient compliance, satisfaction and quality of life.
Improved whole‐brain SNR with an integrated high‐permittivity material in a head array at 7T
Authors: Lakshmanan Karthik , Carluccio Giuseppe , Walczyk Jerzy , Brown Ryan , Rupprecht Sebastian , Yang Qing X. , Lanagan Michael T. , Collins Christopher M. 
Published: March 2021

PurposeTo demonstrate that strategic use of materials with high electric permittivity along with integrated head‐sized coil arrays can improve SNR in the entire brain.MethodsNumerical simulations were used to design a high‐permittivity material (HPM) helmet for enhancing SNR throughout the brain in receive arrays of 8 and 28 channels. Then, two 30‐channel head coils of identical geometry were constructed: one fitted with a prototype helmet‐shaped ceramic HPM helmet, and the second with a helmet‐shaped low‐permittivity shell, each 8‐mm thick. An eight‐channel dipole array was used for excitation. In vivo maps of excitation flip angle and SNR were acquired.ResultsSimulation results showed improvement in transmit efficiency by up to 65% and in receive‐side SNR by up to 47% on average through the head with use of an HPM helmet. Experimental results showed that experimental transmit efficiency was improved by approximately 56% at the center of brain, and experimental receive‐side SNR (SNR normalized to flip angle) was improved by approximately 21% on average through orthogonal planes through the cerebrum, including at the center of the brain, with the HPM.ConclusionAlthough HPM is used increasingly to improve transmit efficiency locally in situations in which the transmit coil and imaging volume are much larger than the HPM, here we demonstrate that HPM can also be used to improve transmit efficiency and receive‐side SNR throughout the brain by improving performance of a head‐sized receive array. This includes the center of the brain, where it is difficult to improve SNR by other means.
The b‐bibranching problem: TDI system, packing, and discrete convexity
Authors: Takazawa Kenjiro 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this article, we introduce the b‐bibranching problem in digraphs, which is a common generalization of the bibranching and b‐branching problems. The bibranching problem, introduced by Schrijver, is a common generalization of the branching and bipartite edge cover problems. Previous results on bibranchings include polynomial algorithms, a linear programming formulation with total dual integrality, a packing theorem, and an M‐convex submodular flow formulation. The b‐branching problem, recently introduced by Kakimura, Kamiyama, and Takazawa, is a generalization of the branching problem admitting higher indegree, that is, each vertex v can have indegree at most b(v). For b‐branchings, a combinatorial algorithm, a linear programming formulation with total dual integrality, and a packing theorem for branchings are extended. A main contribution of this article is to extend those previous results on bibranchings and b‐branchings to b‐bibranchings. That is, we present a linear programming formulation with total dual integrality, a packing theorem, and an M‐convex submodular flow formulation for b‐bibranchings. In particular, the linear program and M‐convex submodular flow formulations, respectively, imply polynomial algorithms for finding a shortest b‐bibranching.
What are survivorship care plans failing to tell men after prostate cancer treatment?
Authors: Choi Youngjee , Smith Katherine C. , Shukla Aishwarya , Blackford Amanda L. , Tran Phuoc T. , Peairs Kimberly S. , DeMarco Thomas M. , Choflet Amanda , Farling Kristen , Kelso Madeline , Carducci Michael A. , Mayonado Nancy , Snyder Claire F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundSurvivorship care plans contain important information for patients and primary care physicians regarding appropriate care for cancer survivors after treatment. We describe the completeness of prostate cancer survivorship care plans and evaluate the concordance of follow‐up recommendations with guidelines.MethodsWe analyzed 119 prostate cancer survivorship care plans from one academic and one community cancer center, abstracting demographics, cancer/treatment details, and follow‐up recommendations. Follow‐up recommendations were compared with the American Cancer Society (ACS), American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines.ResultsContent in >90% of plans included cancer TNM stage; prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis; radiation treatment details (98% of men received radiation); and PSA monitoring recommendations. Potential treatment‐specific side effects were listed for 82% of men who had surgery, 86% who received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and 97% who underwent radiation. The presence of posttreatment symptoms was noted in 71% of plans. Regarding surveillance follow‐up, all guidelines recommend an annual digital rectal exam (DRE). No plans specified DRE. However, all 71 plans at the community site recommended at least annual follow‐up visits with urology, radiation oncology, and primary care. Only 2/48 plans at the academic site specified follow‐up visits. All guidelines recommend PSA testing every 6–12 months for 5 years, then annually. For the first 5 years, 90% of plans were guideline‐concordant, 8% suggested oversurveillance, and 2% were incomplete. In men receiving ADT, ACS and ASCO recommend bone density imaging and NCCN recommends testosterone levels. Of 77 men on ADT, 1% were recommended bone density imaging and 16% testosterone level testing.ConclusionsWhile care plan content is more complete for demographic and treatment summary information, both sites had gaps in reporting posttreatment symptoms and ADT‐related testing recommendations. These findings highlight the need to improve the quality of information in care plans, which are important in communicating appropriate follow‐up recommendations to patients and primary care physicians.
External controls on the transition between stable boundary‐layer turbulence regimes
Authors: Acevedo Otávio C. , Costa Felipe D. , Maroneze Rafael , Carvalho Arlindo D. , Puhales Franciano S. , Oliveira Pablo E. S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe mean wind speed at which the stable boundary layer (SBL) experiences a turbulence regime transition (Vr) depends on other flow characteristics, such as its thermal stability. Here, Vr variability is examined both at a single site and across sites using three multiple‐level datasets: Santa Maria, Cooperative Atmosphere–Surface Exchange Study–1999 (CASES‐99), and Fluxes over Snow Surfaces (FLOSS II). A method to determine Vr is introduced and validated. It is taken as the mean wind speed at which the vertical gradient of the turbulence velocity scale switches sign. Emphasis is given to the control exerted on Vr by quantities that are external to the SBL, such as radiation, roughness, and soil properties. In each of the experiments, Vr increases with net radiative loss at the surface (Rn) at a rate that is site‐dependent. It also increases for smaller roughness lengths, as indicated by its wind direction dependence. No conclusive relationship has been found between Vr and downward longwave radiation observed at the surface. The across‐site comparison indicates that soil heat capacity influences the rate at which Vr increases with Rn.
A new porous heterometallic metal‐organic framework for gas adsorption and luminescence sensing
Authors: Guo Li‐Da , Liu Yi , Guo Li‐Jian , Cao Jin‐Jin , Li Wen‐Hong , Liu Ting , Qiao Sen , Wang Bing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA new heterometallic metal‐organic framework, namely [Zn2Sr(btc)2(H2O)3]n ⋅ x(solvent) (1 btc=1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylate), has been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. X‐ray structural analysis reveals that compound 1 exploits heterometallic trinuclear [Zn2Sr(COO)6] clusters as secondary building subunits, and displays a 3D framework with 1D channels along crystallographical c axis that can be simplified into a binodal (3,6)‐connected topological network. The activated sample of 1 a shows high CO2 adsorption capacity and high adsorption selectivity of CO2 over N2 at 298 K. Luminescent properties investigations indicate that 1 a can sensitively sensing of CS2 via luminescence quenching.
On the toric ideals of matroids of a fixed rank
Authors: Lasoń Michał 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn 1980 White conjectured that every element of the toric ideal of a matroid is generated by quadratic binomials corresponding to symmetric exchanges. We prove White’s conjecture for high degrees with respect to the rank. This extends our result (Lasoń and Michałek in Adv Math 259:1–12, 2014) confirming White’s conjecture ‘up to saturation’. Furthermore, we study degrees of Gröbner bases and Betti tables of the toric ideals of matroids of a fixed rank.
The role of macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (Msr1) in prion pathogenesis
Authors: Li Bei , Chen Meiling , Aguzzi Adriano , Zhu Caihong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The progression of prion diseases is accompanied by the accumulation of prions in the brain. Ablation of microglia enhances prion accumulation and accelerates disease progression, suggesting that microglia play a neuroprotective role by clearing prions. However, the mechanisms underlying the phagocytosis and clearance of prion are largely unknown. The macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (Msr1) is an important phagocytic receptor expressed by microglia in the brain and is involved in the uptake and clearance of soluble amyloid-β. We therefore asked whether Msr1 might play a role in prion clearance and assessed the scavenger function of Msr1 in prion pathogenesis. We found that Msr1 expression was upregulated in prion-infected mouse brains. However, Msr1 deficiency did not change prion disease progression or lesion patterns. Prion deposition in Msr1 deficient mice was similar to their wild-type littermates. In addition, prion-induced neuroinflammation was not affected by Msr1 ablation. We conclude that Msr1 does not play a major role in prion pathogenesis.

Key messages

Msr1 expression is upregulated in prion-infected mouse brains at the terminal stage

Msr1 deficiency does not affect prion disease progression

Msr1 does not play a major role in prion clearance or prion pathogenesis

Microglia-mediated phagocytosis and clearance of Aβ and prion may adopt distinct molecular pathways