bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LncRNA GAS5 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of ovarian clear cell carcinoma via the miR‐31‐5p/ARID1A axis
Authors: Zhang Jian , Yang Zhong‐Mei , Huang Yu , Wang Ka‐Na , Xie Yao , Yang Nian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo investigate the role of the lncRNA growth arrest special 5 (GAS5) in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), we measured the expression of GAS5 and miR‐31‐5p in OCCC tissue samples and OCCC cell lines using RT‐qPCR. MTT and colony formation assays were used to measure cell viability and colony formation ability. Cell invasion was determined by Transwell assays. The binding between GAS5 and miR‐31‐5p as well as miR‐31‐5p and ARID1A was determined by dual‐luciferase reporter assays. The ARID1A protein levels were detected using western blotting. Kaplan–Meier curves were used for the analysis of the 5‐year survival rate of patients with OCCC. GAS5 and ARID1A levels were significantly decreased, while miR‐31‐5p levels were strongly elevated in the OCCC tissues and cell lines. Patients with lower GAS5/ARID1A levels had shorter overall survival times. Overexpression of GAS5 or inhibition of miR‐31‐5p suppressed cell viability and invasion of OCCC cells and upregulated the protein levels of ARID1A. Moreover, overexpression of miR‐31‐5p reversed the effects of overexpression of GAS5. Cotransfection with pcDNA3.1‐GAS5 and miR‐31‐5p inhibitor led to the lowest cell viability and cell invasion rates. A dual‐luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the target relationship between GAS5 and miR‐31‐5p, as well as between miR‐31‐5p and ARID1A. LncRNA GAS5 inhibited cell viability and invasion of OCCC through activation of ARID1A by sponging miR‐31‐5p.
Prognostic Value of Tumor‐Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma
Authors: Ledderose Stephan , Ledderose Carola , Penkava Josef , Ledderose Georg J. 
Published: August 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) predict better outcome in several types of cancers. However, the prognostic value of TILs in sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) is uncertain. Here, we investigated whether TILs can be used as a prognostic indicator for survival in SNMM.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsPatient history and histologic specimens from 27 patients with primary SNMM were retrospectively analyzed. TIL grade was determined and associations between TILs and AJCC tumor stage, overall survival, and recurrence‐free survival were analyzed.ResultsPatients with TILs in the primary tumor classified as brisk or non‐brisk survived significantly longer than patients with SNMMs lacking lymphocyte infiltrates. Brisk TILs were associated with the lower T3 stage and increased recurrence‐free and 5‐year survival.ConclusionOur results indicate that TIL density is a strong prognostic factor for better survival in SNMM. Prospective studies with larger case numbers are warranted to determine whether TILs should be included in future AJCC staging guidelines.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1334–1339, 2022
A soil sampling design for arable land quality observation by using SPCOSA–CLHS hybrid approach
Authors: Wan Changjun , Kuzyakov Yakov , Cheng Changxiu , Ye Sijing , Gao Bingbo , Gao Peichao , Ren Shuyi , Yun Wanqi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractArable land quality has been evaluated through weighted average of indicators related to soil properties and tillage technics to present the most basic function of cropland: food production potential. A hybrid sampling method spatial coverage sampling and random sampling–conditioned Latin hypercube sampling (SPCOSA–CLHS) was designed for arable land quality observation network in this paper. The SPCOSA–CLHS integrates the uniform spatial partitioning results generated by the spatial coverage sampling and random sampling (SPCOSA) into the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling (CLHS) method along with other arable land quality indicators such as field slope, soil bulk density, organic matter content, thickness of plough layer and irrigation. Then, SPCOSA, CLHS, SPCOSA–CLHS, CLHS with x and y coordinates as covariates (XY‐CLHS), random sampling method (RSM) were compared using the example of Heilongjiang Province. The sample population covers 12,147,008 grid cells and 17 arable land quality indicators. Five parameters: information entropy, Kullback–Leibler divergence, similarity distance, expression ability to local spatial heterogeneity of arable land quality and distribution homogeneity of sampling results were used to compare the applicability of these methods for overall arable land quality. The SPCOSA–CLHS can better trade off sampling result's representative ability to the population and spatial heterogeneity of arable land quality, as well as its samples have advantages of spatially uniform distribution. When the sample size is between 5000 and 20,000, all methods show good applicability. When the sample size is below 5000, however, the differences among these methods become significant. SPCOSA and random sampling method offset most dramatically. Based on this detailed comparison of the five sampling strategy approaches, we strongly recommend to use SPCOSA–CLHS to design arable land quality observation.
Utilizing side streams of pulse protein processing: A review
Authors: Ratnayake Wajira S. , Naguleswaran Sabaratnam 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPlant‐based protein ingredients are gaining popularity among consumers for various reasons such as the increasing demand for high‐protein diets, sustainability of the sources, and negative perceptions associated with animal proteins. Main source for plant proteins is pulses such as peas and beans. Pulse seeds contain up to 25% (w/w) protein, whereas nonprotein components are present in much higher proportions. Starch, fiber, and soluble material are generated as side streams of pulse protein manufacturing processes. These side streams, unless properly utilized, create both economic and environmental challenges. Therefore, the utilization of process side streams is of paramount importance for the overall sustainability of the plant protein manufacturing processes. This review summarizes the key research advances and potential opportunities in valorization of side streams from pulse protein manufacturing processes.
Physical Origin of Distinct Mechanical Properties of Polymer Tethered Graphene Nanosheets Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites Revealed by Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Zhang Xu , Chen Jialiang , Liu Tianxi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA non‐equilibrium deformation simulation based on standard molecular dynamics is employed to reveal the physical origin of distinct mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) reinforced by polymer tethered graphene nanosheets (P/G‐T). The effect of tethered polymer length (L) and interaction strength on the mechanical properties, including tensile stress, modulus, and yield strength, are examined. The simulation results show that the P/G‐T systems exhibit improved mechanical properties as L and interaction strength increases. The strengthening in attractive interaction between matrix polymer and tethered polymer has a better effect on mechanical properties than that between P and graphene nanosheets. It is found that the bond orientation and nonbonding potential is of crucial importance in determining the mechanical properties of the P/G‐T nanocomposite systems. The calculations of radial distribution functions and mean‐squared displacement are further performed to reveal the physical origin of enhanced mechanical properties, suggesting that the stronger interfacial interactions will induce the closer packing distance with smaller free volume, higher polymer chain entanglement, and higher restriction of polymer chain movement, which synergistically contribute to the improvement in the mechanical properties. The results may provide useful guidance for promoting the development and practical application of the advanced PNCs with excellent performance.
Neuropathological Findings in a Case of Parkinsonism and Developmental Delay Associated with a Monoallelic Variant in PLXNA1
Authors: O'Shea Sarah A. , Hickman Richard A. , Cortes Etty , Vonsattel Jean Paul , Fahn Stanley , Okur Volkan , Alcalay Roy N. , Chung Wendy K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground
PLXNA1 encodes for Plexin‐A, a transmembrane protein expressed in the developing nervous system. Mutations in this gene have been associated with developmental delay but have not been previously associated with the development of parkinsonism.ObjectivesTo describe the case of a 38‐year‐old patient with developmental delay who developed parkinsonism later in life.MethodsPost‐mortem exome sequencing was performed with confirmation by Sanger sequencing. Brain autopsy was also performed.ResultsPost‐mortem exome sequencing on the proband identified a heterozygous predicted nonsense PLXNA1 variant (c.G3361T:p.Glu1121Ter). Pathology demonstrated arhinencephaly with brainstem heterotopia, diffuse Lewy body disease, and frontotemporal lobar dementia‐tau.ConclusionsThis case of a patient with developmental delay and parkinsonism with PLXNA1 mutation highlights a need for assessing long‐term outcomes of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as the need for genetic testing in adults. It also suggests that the link between PLXNA1 and α‐synuclein should be explored in the future. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Applicable and cost‐efficient microplastic analysis by quantitative 1H‐NMR spectroscopy using benchtop NMR and NoD methods
Authors: Peez Nadine , Rinesch Torsten , Kolz Jürgen , Imhof Wolfgang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn continuation of our work on the proof‐of‐concept that quantitative NMR spectroscopy may be a valuable tool in microplastic (MP) analysis and quantification, we present here investigations using low‐field NMR spectrometers and nondeuterated solvents for the analysis of solutions of MP particles in suitable solvents. The use of low‐field NMR spectrometers (benchtop NMR) that are considerably more cost‐effective in terms of purchase and operating costs compared with high‐field NMR spectrometers and the use of nondeuterated solvents (NoD method) leads to an applicable and cost‐efficient method for mass‐based MP analysis. For benchtop 80‐MHz NMR, limits of detection for polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polystyrene (PS) are in the same range as if a high‐field 500‐MHz NMR spectrometer was used for quantification (500 MHz: PET 1 μg/ml, PVC 42 μg/ml, and PS 9 μg/ml; 80 MHz: PET 4 μg/ml, PVC 19 μg/ml, and PS 21 μg/ml) for polymers being dissolved in deuterated solvents. The same is true for the corresponding limits of quantification. Moreover, it is shown for the first time that quantitative determination of the mass concentration of PET, PVC, and PS is also possible using NoD methods by evaluating the integrals of polymer‐specific signals relative to an internal or external standard. Detection limits for NoD methods are in a similar range as if deuterated solvents were used (PET 2 μg/ml, PVC 39 μg/ml, and PS 8 μg/ml) using a high‐field 500‐MHz spectrometer or the 80‐MHz spectrometer (PET 5 μg/ml).
Healthcare professionals’ sense of coherence of parental involvement in neonatal intensive care units: A framework synthesis
Authors: Chan Shu Hui , Shorey Shefaly 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFamily‐centered care is recognized as the gold standard in pediatric healthcare practice. However, despite the acknowledgment of its benefits and importance, inconsistent and questionable implementation persists in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) without a consolidated understanding of healthcare professionals’ experiences. Therefore, this review aims to explore and consolidate healthcare professionals’ perspectives on parental participation in the NICU. A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Seven electronic databases were searched from their respective dates of inception until December 30, 2020. Twenty‐eight studies were included in this review. The analysis was conducted via a framework synthesis approach using Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence theory. Three over‐arching themes, guided by Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence theory emerged: (1) “Comprehensibility of parental involvement in family‐centered care,” (2) “Manageability of parental involvement in care and decision‐making,” and (3) “Meaningfulness of parental involvement in shared decision‐making in neonatal care,” with nine corresponding subthemes. Healthcare professionals had mixed views of parental involvement, recognizing the benefits attributed to infants and parents, but were greatly hindered by organizational, environmental, and personal obstacles that weakened their sense of coherence in coping with the situation, making them feel unconfident and unprepared to involve parents in care. To cope, more integrated and formalized support was required. Organizational, environmental, and policy changes, as well as psychological support, were strategies identified to enhance healthcare professionals’ sense of coherence, and consequently, their ability to cope.
An exploratory first‐in‐man study to investigate the pharmacokinetics and safety of liposomal dexamethasone at a 2‐ and 1‐week interval in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Vrouwe Josephina P. M. , Kamerling Ingrid M. C. , van Esdonk Michiel J. , Metselaar Josbert M. , Stuurman Frederik E. , van der Pluijm Gabri , Burggraaf Jacobus , Osanto Susanne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDexamethasone has antitumor activity in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We aimed to investigate intravenous liposome‐encapsulated dexamethasone disodium phosphate (liposomal dexamethasone) administration in mCRPC patients.In this exploratory first‐in‐man study, patients in part A received a starting dose of 10 mg followed by five doses of 20 mg liposomal dexamethasone at 2‐week intervals. Upon review of part A safety, patients in part B received 10 weekly doses of 18.5 mg. Primary outcomes were safety and pharmacokinetic profile, secondary outcome was antitumor efficacy.Nine mCRPC patients (5 part A, 4 part B) were enrolled. All patients experienced grade 1–2 toxicity, one (part B) patient experienced grade 3 toxicity (permanent bladder catheter‐related urosepsis). No infusion‐related adverse events occurred. One patient had upsloping glucose levels ≤9.1 mmol/L. Trough plasma concentrations of liposomal‐ and free dexamethasone were below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) in part A, and above LLOQ in three patients in part B (t1/2 ~50 h for liposomal dexamethasone), trough concentrations of liposomal‐ and free dexamethasone increased toward the end of the study. In seven of nine patients (78%) patients, stable disease was observed in bone and/or CT scans at follow‐up, and in one (part B) of these seven patients a >50% PSA biochemical response was observed.Bi‐ and once weekly administrations of IV liposomal dexamethasone were well‐tolerated. Weekly dosing enabled trough concentrations of liposomal‐ and free dexamethasone >LLOQ. The data presented support further clinical investigation in well‐powered studies.Clinical trial registration: ISRCTN 10011715.
Lumbriculus variegatus: A novel organism for in vivo pharmacology education
Authors: Seeley Aidan , Bellamy Caitlin , Davies Nia A. , Wallace Melisa J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPharmacology graduates require an understanding of both in vitro and in vivo drug responses but there has been a decline in animal use in pharmacology education over the last 30 years. To address this, we present the novel invertebrate model, Lumbriculus variegatus, for in vivo testing of drugs in a teaching environment. We have developed two novel behavioral assays: the stereotypical movement assay, which measures the effect of drugs on the ability of L. variegatus to perform stereotypical movements following tactile stimulation, and the free locomotion assay, which measures drug effects on unstimulated movement. We report the effects of compounds with diverse pharmacodynamic properties on L. variegatus using these assays. The ryanodine receptor antagonist, dantrolene, altered the unstimulated movement of L. variegatus at 5 μM, whereas stimulated movement was inhibited at ≥25 μM. Lidocaine, a voltage‐gated sodium channel blocker, and quinine, a nonselective sodium and potassium channel blocker, reduced both stimulated and unstimulated L. variegatus movement at ≥0.5 mM. Inhibitory effects of quinine persisted for up to 24 h after drug removal, whereas lidocaine effects were reduced 10 min after drug removal. Herein, we provide proof‐of‐concept utilization of L. variegatus as an organism for use in in vivo pharmacology education but without regulatory constraints or the need for specialized equipment and training.
Parallel coordinate order forhigh‐dimensionaldata
Authors: Tilouche Shaima , Partovi Nia Vahid , Bassetto Samuel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVisualization of high‐dimensional data is counter‐intuitive using conventional graphs. Parallel coordinates are proposed as an alternative to explore multivariate data more effectively. However, it is difficult to extract relevant information through the parallel coordinates when the data are high‐dimensional with thousands of overlapping lines. The order of the axes determines the perception of information on parallel coordinates. Thus, the information between attributes remains hidden if coordinates are improperly ordered. Here we propose a general framework to reorder the coordinates. This framework is general enough to cover a wide range of data visualization objectives. It is also flexible enough to contain many conventional ordering measures. Consequently, we present the coordinate ordering binary optimization problem and enhance it to achieve a computationally efficient greedy approach that suits high‐dimensional data. Our approach is applied to wine data and genetic data. The purpose of dimension reordering of wine data is to highlight attributes' dependence. Genetic data are reordered to enhance cluster detection. The proposed framework shows that it is able to adapt the criteria for the visualization objective.
Turning the Page: Advancing Detection Platforms for Sulfate Reducing Bacteria and their Perks
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Aziz Ayesha , Ashraf Ghazala , Iftikhar Tayyaba , Sun Yimin , Liu Hongfang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) are blamed as main culprits in triggering huge corrosion damages by microbiologically influenced corrosion. They obtained their energy through enzymatic conversion of sulfates to sulfides which are highly corrosive. However, conventional SRB detection methods are complex, time‐consuming and are not enough sensitive for reliable detection. The advanced biosensing technologies capable of overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks are in demand. So, nanomaterials being economical, environmental friendly and showing good electrocatalytic properties are promising candidates for electrochemical detection of SRB as compared with antibody based assays. Here, we summarize the recent advances in the detection of SRB using different techniques such as PCR, UV visible method, fluorometric method, immunosensors, electrochemical sensors and photoelectrochemical sensors. We also discuss the SRB detection based on determination of sulfide, typical metabolic product of SRB.
Identifying relevant outcomes in the progression of Alzheimer's disease; what do patients and care partners want to know about prognosis?
Authors: Mank Arenda , van Maurik Ingrid S. , Bakker Els D. , van de Glind Esther M. M. , Jönsson Linus , Kramberger Milica G. , Novak Petr , Diaz Ana , Gove Dianne , Scheltens Philip , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Visser Leonie N. C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrognostic studies in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD) mainly predicted time to dementia. However, it is questionable whether onset of dementia is the most relevant outcome along the AD disease trajectory from the perspective of patients and their care partners. Therefore, we aimed to identify the most relevant outcomes from the viewpoint of patients and care partners.MethodsWe used a two‐step, mixed‐methods approach. As a first step we conducted four focus groups in the Netherlands to elicit a comprehensive list of outcomes considered important by patients (n = 12) and care partners (n = 14) in the prognosis of AD. The focus groups resulted in a list of 59 items, divided into five categories. Next, in an online European survey, we asked participants (n = 232; 99 patients, 133 care partners) to rate the importance of all 59 items (5‐point Likert scale). As participants were likely to rate a large number of outcomes as “important” (4) or “very important” (5), we subsequently asked them to select the three items they considered most important.ResultsThe top‐10 lists of items most frequently mentioned as “most important” by patients and care partners were merged into one core outcome list, comprising 13 items. Both patients and care partners selected outcomes from the category “cognition” most often, followed by items in the categories “functioning and dependency” and “physical health.” No items from the category “behavior and neuropsychiatry” and “social environment” ended up in our core list of relevant outcomes.ConclusionWe identified a core list of outcomes relevant to patients and care partner, and found that prognostic information related to cognitive decline, dependency, and physical health are considered most relevant by both patients and their care partners.
Budesonide as induction therapy for incomplete microscopic colitis: A randomised, placebo‐controlled multicentre trial
Authors: Münch Andreas , Mihaly Emese , Nagy Ferenc , Madisch Ahmed , Kupčinskas Juozas , Miehlke Stephan , Bohr Johan , Bouma Gerd , Guardiola Jordi , Belloc Blanca , Shi Chunliang , Aust Daniela , Mohrbacher Ralf , Greinwald Roland , Munck Lars Kristian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsIncomplete microscopic colitis (MCi) is a subtype of microscopic colitis (MC). Budesonide is recommended as a first‐line treatment for MC. However, randomised trials on efficacy of treatment in MCi are missing. We therefore performed a randomised, placebo‐controlled trial to evaluate budesonide as induction therapy for MCi.MethodsPatients with active MCi were randomly assigned to either budesonide 9 mg once daily or placebo for 8 weeks in a double‐blind, double‐dummy design. The primary endpoint was clinical remission, defined as a mean of <3 stools/day and a mean of <1 watery stool/day in the 7 days before week 8.ResultsDue to insufficient patient recruitment, the trial was discontinued prematurely. The intention‐to‐treat analysis included 44 patients (21 budesonide and 23 placebo). The primary endpoint of clinical remission at week 8 was obtained by 71.4% on budesonide and 43.5% on placebo (p = 0.0582). All clinical secondary endpoints were in favour of budesonide. Budesonide decreased the number of soft or watery stools (16.3 vs. 7.7, p = 0.0186) and improved health‐related quality of life for all four dimensions of the short health scale. Adverse events with a suspected relation to study drug were reported in one patient in the budesonide group and two patients in the placebo group. Neither serious nor severe adverse events occurred during the double‐blind phase.ConclusionsBudesonide decreased the frequency of soft or watery stools and improved the patients' quality of life significantly in MCi, but the primary endpoint was not met due to the low sample size (type 2 error). Budesonide was safe and well tolerated during the 8‐weeks treatment course.