bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data quality issues leading to sub optimal machine learning for money laundering models
Authors: Gupta Abhishek , Dwivedi Dwijendra Nath , Shah Jigar , Jain Ashish 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Good quality input data is critical to developing a robust machine learning model for identifying possible money laundering transactions. McKinsey, during one of the conferences of ACAMS, attributed data quality as one of the reasons for struggling artificial intelligence use cases in compliance to data. There were often use concerns raised on data quality of predictors such as wrong transaction codes, industry classification, etc. However, there has not been much discussion on the most critical variable of machine learning, the definition of an event, i.e. the date on which the suspicious activity reports (SAR) is filed.

Design/methodology/approach
The team analyzed the transaction behavior of four major banks spread across Asia and Europe. Based on the findings, the team created a synthetic database comprising 2,000 SAR customers mimicking the time of investigation and case closure. In this paper, the authors focused on one very specific area of data quality, the definition of an event, i.e. the SAR/suspicious transaction report.

Findings
The analysis of few of the banks in Asia and Europe suggests that this itself can improve the effectiveness of model and reduce the prediction span, i.e. the time lag between money laundering transaction done and prediction of money laundering as an alert for investigation

Research limitations/implications
The analysis was done with existing experience of all situations where the time duration between alert and case closure is high (anywhere between 15 days till 10 months). Team could not quantify the impact of this finding due to lack of such actual case observed so far.

Originality/value
The key finding from paper suggests that the money launderers typically either increase their level of activity or reduce their activity in the recent quarter. This is not true in terms of real behavior. They typically show a spike in activity through various means during money laundering. This in turn impacts the quality of insights that the model should be trained on. The authors believe that once the financial institutions start speeding up investigations on high risk cases, the scatter plot of SAR behavior will change significantly and will lead to better capture of money laundering behavior and a faster and more precise “catch” rate.
Balancing between accountability and autonomy: the impact and relevance of public steering mechanisms within higher education
Authors: Kallio Tomi J. , Kallio Kirsi-Mari , Huusko Mira , Pyykkö Riitta , Kivistö Jussi 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis article studies the tensions between universities' accountability and autonomy in response to the demands of public steering mechanisms coordinating higher education institutions.Design/methodology/approachDemonstrating the tension between accountability and autonomy, the impact and relevance of public steering mechanisms coordinating higher education are studied via a survey with selected representative Finnish universities. The response rate was an exceptionally high 94%. In addition to the statistical analysis of the survey, open-ended questions were also analyzed to give a more in-depth understanding of the findings. The study uses paradox theory and institutional complexity as its theoretical lenses.FindingsThe empirical analysis of this study shows a considerable gap between the experienced impact and the experienced relevance of the steering mechanisms in higher education. The authors’ further analysis of the open-ended data shows that indicator-based funding allocation has undermined the perceived university autonomy. The authors highlight the paradoxical tensions of university autonomy and higher education institutions' steering mechanisms' requirement for accountability. Finding an acceptable balance between accountability and institutional autonomy plays an important role in designing higher education policies.Originality/valueThe authors found that even if a steering mechanism is experienced as impactful, it is not necessarily considered relevant. One of the key aspects in understanding the reasons behind this mismatch is related to university autonomy. Most impactful steering mechanisms become considered less relevant because they also endanger institutional autonomy. In this sense, it could be expected that steering mechanisms should better balance accountability and autonomy.
Green sukuk – Malaysia surviving the bumpy road: performance, challenges and reconciled issuance framework
Authors: Keshminder J.S. , Abdullah Mohammad Syafiq , Mardi Marina 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Green sukuk is a tool to finance climate change which has garnered considerable attention. However, having only recently come into existence has its own set of challenges for this tool that require immediate identification and government intervention to intensify its growth. This study aims to explore the challenges encountered by green sukuk issuers and the structure of a reconciled green sukuk issuance framework to speed up the market’s growth with the right interventions.

Design/methodology/approach
The study engaged a qualitative approach via multiple case study interviews with green sukuk issuers and used expert views for data triangulation to generate the findings. A total of four green sukuk issuers participated in the interviews, and for data triangulation purposes, four expert’s opinions and views were considered. The thematic analysis technique is used to report the findings.

Findings
It was revealed that amongst the challenges encountered in the green sukuk market are shoddy green taxonomy, difficulty in identifying green assets, it is time-consuming and costly, no compelling benefits and exposure to higher-risk profiles.

Research limitations/implications
This study may be influenced by observer error and observer bias. However, the researchers have taken cautious steps to overcome these issues by following strict case study methodology procedures and triangulating the qualitative research findings with views from green sukuk experts. These interventions increased the rigour and trustworthiness of the results.

Originality/value
This study is amongst the pioneer in Malaysia, exploring challenges in the green sukuk market. The results are relevant to governments, regulators, institutions and central banks to structure the right interventions to counter the challenges. Greater government involvement is required to strengthen the green sukuk market and to spearhead the green agenda.
Doing indigenous research in Vietnam public sector organisations: challenges and recommendations
Authors: Alang Tho 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis paper provides critical insights into the contextual challenges of researching indigenous people in Vietnam's public sector organisations.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on a study of indigenous employee voice and inclusion in public sector organisations in three locations in the Central Highlands region, the researcher engages in self and methodological reflections to explain the challenges faced.FindingsThis paper identifies and discusses the challenging issues of political sensitivity, data access, availability and consistency of quantitative data, and characteristics of indigenous participants in the context of Vietnam.Practical implicationsThis paper benefits directly those who are interested in researching Vietnam's indigenous people in future. Further, it contributes to the global conversation on the challenges of conducting indigenous research, particularly in reaching out to indigenous populations and obtaining reliable data in order to capture indigenous voice and experiences.Originality/valueThere is a dearth of knowledge of indigenous research in non-Western countries where indigenous people are not recognised officially by the government. This paper addresses this knowledge gap by focusing on cultural, political and societal issues of indigenous research from Vietnam.
Preparation and selective laser sintering of nylon-12 coated copper powders
Authors: Fu Yi , Yan Chunze , Yang Xiao , Liu Zhufeng , Chen Peng , Li Zhaoqing 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to prepare metal/polymer composite materials prepared by additive manufacturing (AM) technology.

Design/methodology/approach
The effect of sintering parameters including laser power, scanning speed and slice thickness on strength and accuracy of selective laser sintering (SLS) parts were analyzed experimentally. Then, the laser sintering mechanism of nylon-12 coated copper was discussed through analyzing the interfacial reaction of nylon-12 and copper. The SLS parts were infiltrated with epoxy resin to meet the strength requirements of injection molding.

Findings
In this study, mechanical mixed nylon-12/copper and nylon-12 coated copper composite powders were investigated and compared as SLS materials. An effective dissolution–precipitation method was proposed to prepare nylon-12 coated copper powders with better processing and mechanical properties. The bending strength and modulus of fabricated parts after infiltration with epoxy reach 65.3 MPa and 3,200 MPa, respectively.

Originality/value
The composite materials can be used in the manufacture of injection molds with a conformal cooling channel for the production of common plastics in prototype quantities, showing a broad application prospect in rapid tooling.
Review on pressure sensors: a perspective from mechanical to micro-electro-mechanical systems
Authors: Jena Sudarsana , Gupta Ankur 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Considering its vast utility in industries, this paper aims to present a detailed review on fundamentals, classification and progresses in pressure sensors, along with its wide area of applications, its design aspects and challenges, to provide state-of-the-art gist to the researchers of the similar domain at one place.

Design/methodology/approach
Swiftly emerging research prospects in the micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) enable to build complex and sophisticated micro-structures on a substrate containing moving masses, cantilevers, flexures, levers, linkages, dampers, gears, detectors, actuators and many more on a single chip. One of the MEMS initial products that emerged into the micro-system technology is MEMS pressure sensor. Because of their high performance, low cost and compact in size, these sensors are extensively being adopted in numerous applications, namely, aerospace, automobile and bio-medical domain, etc. These application requirements drive and impose tremendous conditions on sensor design to overcome the tedious design and fabrication procedure before its reality. MEMS-based pressure sensors enable a wide range of pressure measurement as per the application requirements.

Findings
The paper provides a detailed review on fundamentals, classification and progresses in pressure sensors, along with its wide area of applications, its design aspects and challenges, to provide state of the art gist to the researchers of the similar domain at one place.

Originality/value
The present paper discusses the basics of MEMS pressure sensors, their working principles, different design aspects, classification, type of sensing diaphragm used and illustration of various transduction mechanisms. Moreover, this paper presents a comprehensive review on present trend of research on MEMS-based pressure sensors, its applications and the research gap observed till date along with the scope for future work, which has not been discussed in earlier reviews.
Airportscape and its effect on airport sense of place and destination image perception
Authors: Wattanacharoensil Walanchalee , Fakfare Pipatpong , Graham Anne 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
This study aims to validate a conceptual definition of airportscape and develop a multidimensional scale that integrates servicescape and service quality dimensions to comprehensively investigate airport service management. In addition, this study examines the structural relationships amongst airportscape, sense of place, airport image and destination image.

Design/methodology/approach
Covariance-based structural equation modelling has been used. This study has collected the responses from 1,189 Thai respondents who had their experience in an international airport in the past 12 months.

Findings
Key findings reveal the set of three airportscape attributes which positively influenced the air traveller’s perceived sense of place. Four other dimensions were found to positively influence the airport image. The results also suggested the positive relationships amongst sense of place, airport image and destination image. Sense of place strongly predicted the destination image and airport image and was found to be an important mediator of the relationship between airportscape dimension and perceived image variables.

Originality/value
This study validates the airportscape scale and introduces “sense of place”, a concept that has not been objectively investigated in the airport context, and in relation to tourism. The findings provide insights to airport managers and tourism authorities by examining areas that highlight an airport’s sense of place and representation of the destination. The study also strengthens the theoretical link between airport and tourism knowledge, by showing that the airport’s sense of place can strongly influence airport image and destination image. The result ascertains that the airport can be a representative of a destination through the creation of a sense of place.
Service blueprint 4.0: a service design for hotels beyond COVID-19
Authors: Pandey Ashutosh , Kulshrestha Ruchika 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis study examines changes in customer service encounter patterns in response to the COVID-19 pandemic during stays at hotels. The study re-visits the hotel services delivery process and examines how the hotel service blueprint has been re-framed.Design/methodology/approachThe study implemented an exploratory and qualitative research design to identify changes in customer service encounters and the hotel service delivery process. The research applied a cross-sectional survey-based design, which involved open-ended and closed interview questions with hoteliers in the Delhi/NCR region.FindingsThe study identified an increase in contactless service during the service delivery process and in customer service encounters while staying at hotels. In so doing, the various service touchpoints in hotels need to transition from personalized service to contactless service encounters such as at check-in and payment, contactless room key access with available and accessible hand sanitizers, masks, room purifiers, automated room cleaning machines and the deployment of other smart artificial intelligence-based technologies.Practical implicationsThis paper profiles a revised service blueprint model for hotels, which could assist hotel service managers to address potential sources of customer dissatisfaction and service failure during the COVID-19 pandemic.Originality/valueThe paper explores ongoing changes in the hotel service delivery process during the COVID-19 situation and reveals ways in which the service blueprint has been re-framed.
Millennial travel vlogs: emergence of a new form of virtual tourism in the post-pandemic era?
Authors: Chakravarty Urjani , Chand Gulab , Singh Udaya Narayana 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to present the authors’ perspectives on the new narrative styles adopted by international millennial travel vloggers during the COVID-19 pandemic. They aim to promote virtual tourism, and the authors present six examples of millennial vloggers. Considering tighter government regulations relating to travel, vloggers have developed novel ways of content creation through “travel writing.”Design/methodology/approachThe authors used narrative analysis to review their sample of vlogs and how specific changes in each vlogging stage are motivated by viewer expectancy.FindingsMillennial vlogger couples are using the YouTube platform to meet the demand for virtual tourism.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides new ways of looking at travel vlogging as an occupation and means of entertainment. However, the current dynamic situation may well lead to further challenges for this kind of research.Practical implicationsThe implications relate to the provision of a better understanding of the scope for virtual tourism and how it can lead to new avenues for tourism development.Originality/valueThe authors reviewed millennial vloggers during the COVID-19 pandemic and applied narratology to the vlogs to better analyse the changes caused by the pandemic.
Proximity to natural habitat and flower plantings increases insect populations and pollination services in South African apple orchards
Authors: Ratto Fabrizia , Steward Peter , Sait Steven M. , Pryke James Stephen , Gaigher Rene , Samways Michael J. , Kunin William 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introducing areas of wildflower vegetation within crop fields has been shown to enhance pollinator activity and pollination services to crops, and findings in Europe showed an interaction effect between floral treatments and landscape context. Natural fynbos patches in the South African Cape Floristic Region (CFR) are potential reservoirs for beneficial insects that could enhance pollinator populations and crop pollination in commercial apple orchards. However, the effect of proximity to natural habitat and floral enhancement treatments on crop pollinators and yield are yet to be fully tested in southern temperate regions.

To elucidate the impact of enhanced floral resources to apple flower visitors and crop yield, we established small experimental patches of flowers in non‐productive areas of commercial apple Malus domestica orchards in the CFR. Experimental orchards were embedded in landscapes with varying proportions of natural habitat within 1 km. We used pollinator exclusion experiments to determine the benefits of insect pollination on apple yield, quality and economic value.

We found that the primary pollinator of apple flowers in the region is the endemic Cape honey bee, Apis mellifera capensis. Floral plantings enhanced overall pollinator abundance and honey bee flower visitation within the orchards, and positively affected apple size and economic value. Increased landscape complexity had a significantly positive effect on wild bees but not on honey bees.

Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate that presence of floral plantings within orchards enhances pollinator activity within apple orchards and apple quality. This sustainable management practice may represent a profitable choice for growers, which could increase pollination services while reducing reliance on renting hives. These practices can indirectly contribute to increased landscape‐scale resilience and connectivity while also benefiting pollinators within the remaining natural habitat.
The biological and chemical contents of atmospheric particulate matter and implication of its role in the transmission of bacterial pathogenesis
Authors: Zhang Xianghe , Li Ziyun , Hu Jiamin , Yan Lei , He Yanyan , Li Xiang , Wang Mingyu , Sun Xiaomin , Xu Hai 
Published: July 2021

SummaryAtmospheric particulate matter (APM) is an environmental hazard that endangers human health and causes a variety of diseases. In this work, the microbial community composition, chemical element composition and antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) prevalence, along with their relationships with environmental parameters were analysed using APM samples collected in Jinan, China. Pathogenic Klebsiella and Aeromonas were found to be significantly correlated with PM2.5 and temperature, suggesting their proliferation on APM. PM2.5 and PM10 have similar microbial community compositions but different chemical element compositions, suggesting they have different origins, which have little impact on microbial community structures. This finding, together with analysis of the timing of microbial community structure changes, suggests that microbial community composition is impacted by anthropic activities. Further investigations showed that rare metals including lanthanides are significantly negatively correlated with pathogens in APM, suggesting their inhibitory role. ARGs were observed for every class of antibiotic except for carbapenems in APM, suggesting high ARG prevalence in APM, and APM functions in transmission of antimicrobial resistance. Results obtained in this study suggest that APM can act as a transmission vehicle for pathogenic bacteria and ARGs and lead to the implication of a new transmission route for bacterial pathogenesis by APM.
The microbial terroir: open questions on the Nagoya protocol applied to microbial resources
Authors: Pascual Javier , Tanner Kristie , Vilanova Cristina , Porcar Manuel , Delgado Ana 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThe Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit‐sharing (https://www.cbd.int/abs/), primarily designed for vascular plant and animal resources, is also extended to the use of microbial resources, but its application to the microbiological realm has raised many doubts and provoked criticisms. This is because of the particularities of microbial ecology and the technical and legal difficulties encompassed in its application.
Depolymerization of biorefinery lignin by improved laccases of the white‐rot fungus Obba rivulosa
Authors: Wallenius Janne , Kontro Jussi , Lyra Christina , Kuuskeri Jaana , Wan Xing , Kähkönen Mika A. , Baig Irshad , Kamer Paul C. J. , Sipilä Jussi , Mäkelä Miia R. , Nousiainen Paula , Hildén Kristiina 
Published: July 2021

SummaryFungal laccases are attracting enzymes for sustainable valorization of biorefinery lignins. To improve the lignin oxidation capacity of two previously characterized laccase isoenzymes from the white‐rot fungus Obba rivulosa, we mutated their substrate‐binding site at T1. As a result, the pH optimum of the recombinantly produced laccase variant rOrLcc2‐D206N shifted by three units towards neutral pH. O. rivulosa laccase variants with redox mediators oxidized both the dimeric lignin model compound and biorefinery poplar lignin. Significant structural changes, such as selective benzylic α‐oxidation, were detected by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, although no polymerization of lignin was observed by gel permeation chromatography. This suggests that especially rOrLcc2‐D206N is a promising candidate for lignin‐related applications.