bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Vitamin C Solution in Reducing Adverse Reactions Caused by Painless Lugol Chromoendoscopy
Authors: Nie Xubiao , Ding Jianwei , He Yiyang , Ren Chunmei , Lin Hui , Fan Chaoqiang , Wang Liang , Chen Dingrong , Jiang Airui , Peng Xue , Yu Jing , Yang Xin , Liu Xi , Zhao Haiyan , Li Jianjun , Gao Yong , Zhou Yuanyuan , Qiao Qiujian , Zuo Ying , Yang Zhen , Liu Lu , Wang Zhongrong , Liu En , Yang Shiming , Xu Liangbi , Wen Liming , Bai Jianying 
Published: August 2021

Goal:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin C solution (VCS) in reducing adverse reactions caused by painless Lugol chromoendoscopy.

Background:
Lugol chromoendoscopy is an effective method for screening superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, although Lugol iodine solution (LIS) causes mucosal irritation.

Study:
In 4 hospitals in China, patients were randomized and divided into a distilled water (DW) group, an sodium thiosulfate solution (STS) group and a VCS group. Patients’ esophageal mucosal surfaces were stained with either 1.2% or 0.5% LIS and then sprayed with DW, STS, or VCS at various concentrations. For the current randomized study, 1610 patients were enrolled in the 1.2% LIS group and 1355 patients were enrolled in the 0.5% LIS group. In addition, 150 patients were enrolled to assess the discoloration effect. The primary outcome for evaluation was the incidence of acute or late adverse reactions after Lugol iodine staining. The secondary outcome for evaluation was the discoloration effect on esophageal iodine-stained mucosa.

Results:
VCS significantly reduced the occurrence of acute adverse reactions due to staining from 1.2% LIS. The effect of VCS was similar to that of STS but better than that of DW (P<0.05). Regarding 0.5% LIS staining, VCS reduced the incidence of acute adverse reactions and heartburn within 1 week (P<0.05). Both VCS and STS had similar effects. In addition, compared with spraying NS, VCS caused rapid decolorization of iodine-stained esophageal mucosa. After 120 seconds of deiodination, the color of the esophageal mucosa faded by 90%, which is similar to the results seen in the STS group. This contrasts with the results seen in the DW group, which showed fading by only 50.97% (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
VCS can effectively reduce adverse reactions caused by different concentrations of LIS, indicating its important clinical application in the screening of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Analysis of absorbed dose in radioimmunotherapy with 177Lu-trastuzumab using two different imaging scenarios: a pilot study
Authors: Nautiyal Amit , Jha Ashish K. , Mithun Sneha , Shetye Bhakti , Kameswaran Mythili , Shah Sneha , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Gupta Sudeep 
Published: August 2021

Objectives
Internal organ dosimetry is an important procedure to demonstrate the reliable application of 177Lu-trastuzumab radioimmunotherapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor-positive metastatic breast cancers. We are reporting the first human dosimetry study for 177Lu-trastuzumab. Another objective of our study was to calculate and compare the absorbed doses for normal organs and tumor lesions in patients before radioimmunotherapy with 177Lu-trastuzumab using two different imaging scenarios.

Methods
Eleven patients (48.27 ± 8.95 years) with a history of metastatic breast cancer were included in the study. Postadministration of 177Lu-trastuzumab (351.09 ± 23.89 MBq/2 mg), acquisition was performed using planar and hybrid imaging scenarios at 4, 24, 72 and 168 h. Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography imaging was performed at 72 h postinjection. Acquired images were processed using Dosimetry Toolkit software for the estimation of normalized cumulated activity in organs and tumor lesions. OLINDA/EXM 2.0 software was used for absorbed dose calculation in both scenarios.

Results
Significant difference in normalized cumulated activity and the absorbed dose is noted between two imaging scenarios for the organs and tumor lesions (P < 0.05). Mean absorbed dose (mGy/MBq) estimated from heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidney, adrenal, pancreas and colon using planar and hybrid scenarios were 0.81 ± 0.19 and 0.63 ± 0.17; 0.75 ± 0.13 and 0.32 ± 0.06; 1.26 ± 0.25 and 1.01 ± 0.17; 0.68 ± 0.22 and 0.53 ± 0.16; 0.91 ± 0.3 and 0.69 ± 0.24; 0.18 ± 0.04 and 0.11 ± 0.02; 0.25 ± 0.22 and 0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.75 ± 0.61 and 0.44 ± 0.28, respectively.

Conclusions
On the basis of our dosimetric evaluation, we concluded that radioimmunotherapy with 177Lu-trastuzumab is well tolerated to be implemented in routine clinical practice against HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer. Liver is the main critical organ at risk. Hybrid scenario demonstrated significantly lower absorbed doses in organs and tumors compared to the multiplanar method.
Relationship between total lesion glycolysis of primary lesions based on 18F-FDG PET/CT and lymph node metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma: a cross-sectional preliminary study
Authors: Xue Xiu-Qing , Wang Bing , Yu Wen-Ji , Zhang Fei-Fei , Niu Rong , Shao Xiao-Liang , Shi Yun-Mei , Yang Yan-Song , Wang Jian-Feng , Li Xiao-Feng , Wang Yue-Tao 
Published: August 2021

Objectives
We explored the relationship between lymph node metastasis (LNM) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of primary lesions determined by 18fluoro-2-deoxyglucose PET/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, and evaluated the independent effect of this association.

Methods
This retrospective study included 106 gastric adenocarcinoma patients who were examined by preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging between April 2016 and April 2020. We measured TLG of primary gastric lesions and evaluated its association with LNM. Multivariate logistic regression and a two-piece-wise linear regression were performed to evaluate the relationship between TLG of primary lesions and LNM.

Results
Of the 106 patients, 75 cases (71%) had LNM and 31 cases (29%) did not have LNM. Univariate analyses revealed that a per-SD increase in TLG was independently associated with LNM [odds ratio (OR) = 2.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.42–3.98; P = 0.0010]. After full adjustment of confounding factors, multivariate analyses exhibited that TLG of primary lesions was still significantly associated with LNM (OR per-SD: 2.20; 95% CI, 1.16–4.19; P = 0.0164). Generalized additive model indicated a nonlinear relationship and saturation effect between TLG of primary lesions and LNM. When TLG of primary lesions was <23.2, TLG was significantly correlated with LNM (OR = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.07–1.48; P = 0.0053), whereas when TLG of primary lesions was ≥ 23.2, the probability of LNM was greater than 60%, gradually reached saturation effect, as high as 80% or more.

Conclusions
In this preliminary study, there were saturation and segmentation effects between TLG of primary lesions determined by preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT and LNM. When TLG of primary lesions was ≥ 23.2, the probability of LNM was greater than 60%, gradually reached saturation effect, as high as 80% or more. TLG of primary lesions is helpful in the preoperative diagnosis of LNM in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.
Multifaceted Support Interventions for Siblings of Children With Cancer
Authors: Mooney-Doyle Kim , Burley Samantha , Ludemann Emilie , Rawlett Kristen 
Published: August 2021

Background
When a child is given a diagnosis of cancer, the impact reverberates through the family unit. Siblings, in particular, experience an accumulation of distress. Siblings of children with cancer can experience both short- and long-term difficulties in psychosocial and physical functioning, and professional bodies have called for interventions targeted at their needs.

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe outcomes, core components, and general characteristics of effective interventions intended to support sibling well-being and psychosocial health in pediatric oncology.

Methods
MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched in September 2019 and July 2020. Studies were included if they focused on interventions for siblings or family in pediatric cancer, had quantitative data to describe the effect or impact of the intervention, and were published in English. Included studies underwent quality appraisal, data extraction, and data synthesis.

Results
Twenty articles fit inclusion criteria. Most interventions focused on 6- to 18-year-old siblings within a group setting. Most were theory based. Group format with multiple sessions was the most common approach. The most frequently assessed outcomes were depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and health-related quality of life.

Conclusions
Understanding outcomes, core components, and characteristics of effective interventions is important to translate sibling-support interventions into standard practice. Such considerations are important in delivering equitable family-centered care to siblings of children with cancer.

Implications for Practice
As institutions create mechanisms to support siblings, it may be important to target high-risk siblings initially, partner with community resources, attend to underrecognized populations of siblings, and more fully incorporate family into sibling support.
Impact of Check It: A Novel Community-Based Chlamydia Screening and Expedited Treatment Program for Young Black Men
Authors: Stoecker Charles , Shao Yixue , Schmidt Norine , Martin David H. , Kissinger Patricia J. 
Published: August 2021

Objectives
This study aimed to estimate the impact of the Check It program, a novel community-based chlamydia seek, test, and treat program for young Black men who have sex with women, on test positivity rates for chlamydia in young Black women.

Methods
We used a synthetic control model to compare chlamydia test positivity rates in Orleans Parish (intervention site) with other similar parishes (control sites) in Louisiana. We estimated a model that used all other parishes as potential contributors to a synthetic control for Louisiana as well as a sample limited to the 40 parishes in Louisiana with the largest Black populations.

Results
The Check It program was associated with a 1.69-percentage-point decline in chlamydia positivity in the first full year of operation and a 2.44-percentage-point decline in chlamydia positivity in the second full year of operation compared with control sites with the largest Black populations (P = 0.05). Results were similar when the treatment site was compared with all other sites in Louisiana.

Conclusions
The Check It program was associated with a significant decline in chlamydia testing positivity rates among women in Orleans Parish compared with control sites. Screening of young Black men who have sex with women can decrease rates in women living in the same community. Future recommendations for chlamydia screening of young men should be considered.
Partner Elicitation After Partner Services Interviews and Reinterviews Among Patients With Antimicrobial-Resistant Gonorrhea
Authors: Thibault Christina S. , Golden Matthew R. , Barbee Lindley A. , Spellman Dawn , Soge Olusegun O. , Kerani Roxanne P. 
Published: August 2021

Background
Partner notification services (PS) are often used to control sexually transmitted infections, but their effectiveness is limited by patients’ reluctance to name sex partners. We hypothesized that being notified of having antimicrobial-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ARGC) would make patients more likely to provide named partner information.

Methods
We used King County, Washington STD surveillance and Strengthening the US Response to Resistant Gonorrhea data to identify gonorrhea cases. Using log-binomial regression, we computed unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios for factors associated with naming any partners during routine PS interview vs. interview after ARGC diagnosis. Among those who completed a standard PS interview and later a reinterview after ARGC diagnosis, we compared mean numbers of reported and contactable partners at initial interview and reinterview using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Results
From July 2018 to October 2020, 1588 gonorrhea cases were interviewed; 103 (6%) had ARGC. After adjusting for sexual exposure, age, year, disease intervention specialist, reinterview, and diagnosing clinic, being interviewed after ARGC diagnosis remained predictive of naming ≥1 partner relative to routine PS (prevalence ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–2.9). Among 40 cases who completed a standard PS interview and later a reinterview after ARGC diagnosis, there was a modest increase in mean partners named at initial versus reinterview (1.4 vs. 1.9 per case, P = 0.09).

Conclusions
Cases interviewed after ARGC diagnosis named more contactable partners than did those undergoing routine PS. Reinterviewing patients after ARGC diagnosis provides only a modest increase in contactable partners but may be useful to limit transmission of this potentially challenging infection.
Increased Detection of Gonorrhea and Chlamydia After Implementation of a Universal Screening Protocol in a Pediatric Primary Care Clinic
Authors: Allison Bianca A. , Park Rachael V. , Walters Elizabeth M. , Perry Martha F. 
Published: August 2021

Background
Literature suggests that adolescents may not accurately report sexual activity to their providers, impeding risk-based screening efforts for gonorrhea and chlamydia (GC/CT). We assessed the effect of a clinic-based universal GC/CT screening initiative on GC/CT screening frequency and detection of GC/CT infections among adolescents (boys and girls ≥13 years) and the association between positive GC/CT and documented sexual activity.

Methods
We conducted a pre-post analysis of a primary care clinic affiliated with an academic institution. The electronic medical record was queried to extract all adolescent well and acute encounters for the 12 months preimplementation and postimplementation of universal GC/CT screening in January 2015.

Results
Eight hundred fifty-six encounters from 752 unique adolescents were included. Screening increased postimplementation (23.3% vs 61.4%, P < 0.001) of universal screening. Although there were similar rates of documented sexual activity preimplementation and postimplementation (14.6% vs 16.0%), a larger proportion of unknown sexual activity was documented (10.5% vs 23.7%, P < 0.001). Provider-level factors were the most frequent reasons for not screening. The absolute number of GC/CT cases increased, although the proportion of cases out of all eligible adolescents remained similar as more testing was completed (chlamydia, 5 of 752 vs 12 of 752; P = 0.09; gonorrhea, 0 of 752 vs 1 of 752; P = 0.32). Nearly half of positive chlamydia infections postimplementation appeared in adolescents who reported no sexual activity.

Conclusions
Universal screening in a primary care clinic increased screening and detection of cases of gonorrhea and chlamydia, including in adolescents who did not report sexual activity.
Prevalence of Malignancy on Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography of the Abdomen and Pelvis in Patients With Unexplained, Unintentional Weight Loss
Authors: Noblett Dylan , Kwong Austin , Corwin Michael T. , Fananapazir Ghaneh 
Published: August 2021

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of malignancy on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis in patients with unexplained, unintentional weight loss (UUWL).

Methods
This is a retrospective review of 999 adult outpatient contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis for UUWL. Patients were stratified into 2 groups: (1) weight loss only (WLO, n = 222) and (2) UUWL with additional symptoms (UUWL+, n = 777). χ2 test was performed to compare malignancy detection rate in the WLO and UUWL+ groups.

Results
Prevalence of malignancy was 5.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.2%–7.1%; 55 of 999). Prevalence of malignancy in the WLO group was 2.3% (95% CI, 0.7%–5.2%; 5 of 222), lower than the prevalence of 6.2% (95% CI, 4.6%–8.1%; 48 of 777) in the UUWL+ group (P = 0.02). Prevalence of malignancy was lower in patients younger than 60 years in all patients and in the UUWL+ subgroup (P < 0.01 in both cases).

Conclusions
There is low prevalence of malignancy on contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis in patients with UUWL, particularly in younger patients and those without additional symptoms.
Breast Carcinoma Shown on 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC Study Performed to Evaluate Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia
Authors: Jin Xiaona , Li Fang , Chen Libo , Jing Hongli 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A 74-year-old woman with a history of suspected tumor-induced osteomalacia underwent 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC scintigraphy to search potential culprit tumor. The images showed one in the middle shaft of left femur without corresponding morphology change on the CT portion of the subsequent SPECT/CT images. The patient declined surgical exploration of the left femur. Another activity was in the right breast, which was resected and pathologically confirmed as breast carcinoma. Postsurgically, the patient’s symptoms were not improved. Four years later, a repeat 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC scintigraphy showed more prominent activity in the left femur with gross abnormality on the corresponding CT images.
New Minimally Invasive Intraoral Procedure for Condylar Fractures: Clinical Presentation and Considerations on Current Techniques
Authors: Cortese Antonio , Catalano S. , Howard Candace M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Mandibular fractures are the third most prevalent maxillofacial traumatic events. Surgical approaches to the condyle are a debated topic. This study describes a mini-invasive technique for condylar fracture reduction. The patient of this study suffered multiple traumatic injuries including a carotid artery dissecting aneurysm, which contraindicated the standard open reduction and internal fixation technique. The novel minimally invasive technique involves intraoral access and fracture fragment realignment using a periosteal elevator, a molar occlusal splint, and intermaxillary fixation after intraoperative radiologic imaging confirmation of condyle reposition.
The approach avoids skin incisions and tissue dissection, with good aesthetic outcomes and facial nerve preservation. This technique proved to be safe and simple to be less demanding for the patient, with a shorter recovery time than experienced with other techniques.
The results suggest this technique is a good option for the surgical treatment of condylar neck fractures showing favorable rim morphology with primary stability after reduction.
Discrepancies in rib fracture severity between radiologist and surgeon: A retrospective review
Authors: Bauman Zachary M. , Binkley Jana , Pieper Collin J. , Raposo-Hadley Ashley , Orcutt Gunnar , Cemaj Samuel , Evans Charity H. , Cantrell Emily 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND
Chest computed tomography (CT) scans are important for the management of rib fracture patients, especially when determining indications for surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRFs). Chest CTs describe the number, patterns, and severity of rib fracture displacement, driving patient management and SSRF indications. Literature is scarce comparing radiologist versus surgeon rib fracture description. We hypothesize there is significant discrepancy between how radiologists and surgeons describe rib fractures.

METHODS
This was an institutional review board–approved, retrospective study conducted at a Level I academic center from December 2016 to December 2017. Adult patients (≥18 years of age) suffering rib fractures with a CT chest where included. Basic demographics were obtained. Outcomes included the difference between radiologist versus surgeon description of rib fractures and differences in the number of fractures identified. Rib fracture description was based on current literature: 1, nondisplaced; 2, minimally displaced (<50% rib width); 3, severely displaced (≥50% rib width); 4, bicortically displaced; 5, other. Descriptive analysis was used for demographics and paired t test for statistical analysis. Significance was set at p = 0.05.

RESULTS
Four hundred and ten patients and 2,337 rib fractures were analyzed. Average age was 55.6(±20.6); 70.5% were male; median Injury Severity Score was 16 (interquartile range, 9–22) and chest Abbreviated Injury Scale score was 3 (interquartile range, 3–3). For all descriptive categories, radiologists consistently underappreciated the severity of rib fracture displacement compared with surgeon assessment and severity of displacement was not mentioned for 35% of rib fractures. The mean score provided by the radiologist was 1.58 (±0.63) versus 1.78 (±0.51) by the surgeon (p < 0.001). Radiologists missed 138 (5.9%) rib fractures on initial CT. The sensitivity of the radiologist to identify a severely displaced rib fracture was 54.9% with specificity of 79.9%.

CONCLUSION
Discrepancy exists between radiologist and surgeon regarding rib fracture description on chest CT as radiologists routinely underappreciate fracture severity. Surgeons need to evaluate CT scans themselves to appropriately decide management strategies and SSRF indications.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic/Diagnostic Test, level III.
Chest wall injuries due to cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the effect on in-hospital outcomes in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Prins Jonne T.H. , Van Lieshout Esther M.M. , Van Wijck Suzanne F.M. , Scholte Niels T.B. , Den Uil Corstiaan A. , Vermeulen Jefrey , Verhofstad Michael H.J. , Wijffels Mathieu M.E. 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of chest wall injuries due to cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and to compare in-hospital outcomes in patients with versus without chest wall injuries.

METHODS
A retrospective cohort study of all intensive care unit (ICU)–admitted patients who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation for OHCA between January 1, 2007, and December 2019 was performed. The primary outcome was the occurrence of chest wall injuries, as diagnosed on chest computed tomography. Chest wall injury characteristics such as rib fracture location, type, and dislocation were collected. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital outcomes and subgroup analysis of patients with good neurological recovery to identify those who could possibly benefit from the surgical stabilization of rib fractures.

RESULTS
Three hundred forty-four patients were included, of which 291 (85%) sustained chest wall injury. Patients with chest wall injury had a median of 8 fractured ribs (P25–P75, 4–10 ribs), which were most often undisplaced (on chest computed tomography) (n = 1,574 [72.1%]), simple (n = 1,948 [89.2%]), and anterior (n = 1,785 [77.6%]) rib fractures of ribs 2 to 7. Eight patients (2.3%) had a flail segment, and 136 patients (39.5%) had an anterior flail segment. Patients with chest wall injury had fewer ventilator-free days (0 days [P25–P75, 0–16 days] vs. 13 days [P25–P75, 2–22 days]; p = 0.006) and a higher mortality rate (n = 102 [54.0%] vs. n = 8 [22.2%]; p < 0.001) than those without chest wall injury. For the subgroup of patients with good neurological recovery, the presence of six or more rib fractures or a single displaced rib fracture was associated with longer hospital and ICU length of stay, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation–related chest wall injuries in survivors of OHCA and especially rib fractures are common. Patients with chest wall injury had fewer ventilator-free days and a higher mortality rate. Patients with good neurological recovery might represent a subgroup of patients who could benefit from surgical stabilization of rib fractures.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic, level IV; Epidemiological, Level IV.