bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Mild Treatments on Some Physicochemical and Pasting Characteristics of Flour from Two Cocoyam Cultivars
Authors: Bode Daramola 
Published: June 2021

Effect of mild treatments namely; one-step annealing (AN), partial-nixtamalization (NIX) and phenolic-admixture (VAN) on some physicochemical and pasting characteristics of flour prepared using two cocoyam cultivars was studied. Both annealing treatment and phenolic admixture resulted in high peak viscosities (PVANwhite = 322.50 RVU; PVVAN = 306.67 RVU) of samples comparative to low peak viscosity white = 227.25 RVU) of the control for white cultivar. Similarly, the peak viscosities (PV red = 310.70; PVVANred = 296.45) of samples were higher than the peak viscosity (PVred = 225.42 RVU) of the control for red cultivar. Assessment revealed positive set back viscosities (SBVAN = + 9.30 RVU; SBVAN = + 21.33 RVU) for both the varieties after annealing treatment. Partial- NIX treatment showed molecular depolymerization. Interaction of treatments at levels employed in this study showed no synergistic effect. The pH of treated and control samples were within low acid range for foods. Mild treatment could be useful for tempering cocoyam flour for preparation of bakery and similar pasta products.
Turkish Parents’ Attitudes Towards Strength and Aerobic Exercises in their Children: A Replication of Ten Hoor et al. (2015)
Authors: Varol Tugce , Ten Hoor Gill A. 
Published: June 2021

In this study, parental attitudes towards aerobic and strength exercises from Turkish parents were examined. In a first study, interviews were conducted with 10 Turkish parents (4 mothers, 6 fathers). In a second study, a Dutch study by ten Hoor et al. (2015) was replicated in Turkey after which data was cautiously compared to examine if there are any cultural differences. A total of 321 Turkish parents filled out an online survey regarding their own and their children’s physical activity, and more specifically, their attitudes towards aerobic and strength exercises. Overall, study 1 showed that Turkish parents were positive about their children’s strength exercises. Similar to the study by Ten Hoor et al. (2015), study 2 demonstrated that Turkish parents had more positive attitudes for aerobic exercises compared to strength exercises. Cautious comparisons between Dutch and Turkish parents generally showed no differences. Turkish parents with negative attitudes towards strength exercises of their child provided similar reasons compared to the Dutch sample. In conclusion, Turkish and Dutch parents have similar opinions regarding physical activity and its types. For Turkish parents, negative attitudes about strength exercises are based on misperceptions – similar to what was found in Dutch parents. Future interventions are needed to deal with those misperceptions.
ABCs of Pain: A Functional Scale Measuring Perioperative Pain in Total Hip Arthroplasty Patients
Authors: Hierl Anneliese N. , Moran Hannah Kang , Villwock Mark R. , Templeton Kimberly J. , Villwock Jennifer A. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Functional pain assessments are critical in total hip arthroplasty. This pilot study investigated a novel functional pain scale—the Activity-Based Checks of Pain (ABCs)—and its correlations with the 0 to 10 numeric rating scale (NRS) and outpatient milligram of morphine equivalents (MMEs) prescribed and needed in the first 2 weeks after total hip arthroplasty.

Methods:
ABCs and NRS were collected at the baseline, inpatient, and 2-week follow-up. Primary outcome metrics were needed for pain medication at the time of pain scale completion, MMEs prescribed at discharge, and MMEs taken. Individual ABC functions and composite score were analyzed using Spearman rho and Mann-Whitney U tests

Results:
ABC and NRS scores were greatest preoperatively (n = 39). At each stage, the ABCs correlated with the NRS (ρ = 0.450, P < 0.01; ρ = 0.402, P < 0.05; and ρ = 0.563, P < 0.01). ABC or NRS scores did not correlate with MMEs prescribed. Last in-house NRS correlated with MMEs taken postoperatively (r = 0.571, P < 0.01). Specific ABCs functions—“sitting up” (ρ = 0.418, P < 0.01), “walking in room” (ρ = 0.353, P < 0.05), and “walking outside room” (ρ = 0.362, P < 0.05)—on the day of discharge correlated with MMEs taken.

Conclusion:
ABCs scale correlates with NRS. Neither scale correlated with MMEs prescribed at discharge, suggesting pain is undervalued in analgesic planning. Clinicians should assess pain with functions found to correlate with MMEs taken—“sitting up,” “walking in room,” and “walking outside room.”
Les compétences entrepreneuriales du dirigeant au coeur de l’émergence d’un réseau international de PME
Authors: Gallego-Roquelaure Virginie , Adla Ludivine 
Published: June 2021

L’objectif de cet article est d’apporter des connaissances sur l’émergence d’un réseau international de PME au travers de l’analyse des compétences entrepreneuriales du dirigeant. Dans cette optique, l’approcheResource Based Viewet plus particulièrement les travaux de Barney et Clark (2007) ont été mobilisés. L’étude longitudinale et rétrospective d’un cas émergent de réseau de PME révèle trois étapes clés : l’identification de l’opportunité d’un réseau international impulsée par la mobilisation du capital humain et relationnel, l’évaluation de l’opportunité s’appuyant sur l’animation du capital humain et relationnel, et l’exploitation de l’opportunité nécessitant la coordination du capital humain et relationnel.
Les IDE dans les pays d’Europe centrale et orientale : une approche gravitationnelle
Authors: Brahim Mariem , Guesmi Khaled , Teulon Frédéric 
Published: June 2021

Cet article s’intéresse aux déterminants des investissements directs étrangers (IDE) européens dans les pays d’Europe Centrale et Orientale (PECO). Nous utilisons un modèle théorique permettant d’étudier les décisions des Firmes Multinationales. Deux estimations ont été effectuées : une coupe transversale sur la période (1996-2013) complétée par une méthode SURE (Seemingly Unrelated Regressions Method). Les variables macroéconomiques retenues (distance, intensité technologique, taille du marché, risque pays…) ont un impact déterminant sur les flux d’IDE, mais avec des résultats différenciés selon la méthode utilisée. Depuis le début des années 1990, l’attractivité des pays de l’Est est liée en grande partie aux perspectives ouvertes par leur adhésion à l’Union européenne, le choix de la méthode de privatisation des entreprises publiques a aussi joué un rôle. Pour les coûts salariaux les résultats obtenus sont plus ambigus : selon la coupe transversale l’impact est négatif et significatif, en revanche dans la méthode SURE, les résultats sont moins significatifs.
La création de valeur : glas ou Graal ? Revue critique et modélisation du concept
Authors: Desmarteau Robert H. , Saives Anne-Laure , Schieb-Bienfait Nathalie , Emin Sandrine , Boldrini Jean-Claude , Urbain Caroline 
Published: June 2021

Cet article propose une revue critique et une modélisation du concept de « création de valeur » à partir d’une analyse de la littérature relative au modèle d’affaires. Les définitions de la création de valeur sont étudiées à partir des 50 articles anglophones les plus cités dont les titres contiennentvalueetcreation. L’analyse révèle cinq thèmes : nature de la valeur créée pour le client, architecture de la valeur par l’entreprise, valeur perçue par l’utilisateur, partage économique entre les parties prenantes, co-création de la valeur avec celles-ci. Notre discussion se construit autour d’enjeux épistémologiques dans une perspective pragmatiste.
Introduction
Authors: Delanoë Igor 
Published: June 2021

La revendication du statut de puissance globale et souveraine se trouve au coeur du projet géopolitique porté pour son pays par Vladimir Poutine depuis son arrivée au Kremlin en 2000. Dans la compétition qui l’oppose aujourd’hui aux puissances affirmées ou montantes, globales ou régionales, sur la scène internationale la Russie dispose d’atouts indéniables, mais elle doit aussi composer avec des faiblesses. Ce dossier se propose d’examiner sous l’angle de la résurgence de la puissance cinq champs investis par le Kremlin dans sa logique de recomposition d’influence : l’Eurasie, le déploiement d’un soft power par Moscou, le vecteur asiatique de la politique étrangère de la Russie, la posture nucléaire russe et le cyberespace. Le décryptage proposé ici doit permettre, à travers l’analyse des succès et des échecs ainsi que la formulation de perspectives pour chacun de ces thèmes, de mieux cerner les contours d’une puissance russe en redéfinition face au nouveau désordre international.
"Macho": The singularity of a mock Spanish item
Authors: Galván Torres Adriana Rosalina 
Published: June 2021

This paper scrutinizes the path of the semantic extension of the originally neutral Spanish term macho ‘male animal’ to the pejorative ‘animal-like man’. Semantic pejoration belongs to one of the techniques that Hill (1995b) identifies when describing Mock Spanish, a type of racist discourse used by monolingual English speakers when using single Spanish words. Prototypically, the author of the semantic change from a positive or neutral to a negative connotation of a Spanish term is the monolingual speaker of American English. This seems not to be the case with respect to macho. In the same theoretical vein as Mock Spanish, many voices attribute the semantic pejoration of macho to the US-English discourse. The objective of this paper is to identify the origin of this pejoration. Methodologically, this is conducted by means of a lexical search of the oldest pejorated macho items in Spanish, and the semantic content of the first macho borrowings in English. For this purpose, I consulted different sources, like diachronic corpora, etymological dictionaries and specialized references on the macho concept for Spanish as well as English. My analysis leads me to conclude that the semantic shift of macho, at least in its written form, developed in both sides of the Mexican-American border at the beginning of the XX century.
Fluorescent labeling in size‐controlled liposomes reveals membrane curvature‐induced structural changes in the KcsA potassium channel
Authors: Ueki Misuzu , Iwamoto Masayuki 
Published: June 2021

Biological structures with highly curved membranes, such as caveolae and transport vesicles, are essential for signal transduction and membrane trafficking. Although membrane proteins in these structures are subjected to physical stress due to the curvature of the lipid bilayers, the effect of this membrane curvature on protein structure and function remains unclear. In this study, we established an experimental procedure to evaluate membrane curvature‐induced structural changes in the prototypical potassium channel KcsA. The effect of a large membrane curvature was estimated using fluorescently labeled KcsA by incorporating it into liposomes with a small diameter (< 30 nm). We found that a large membrane curvature significantly affects the activation gate conformation of the KcsA channel.
Activation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase ERK1/2 signaling pathway suppresses the expression of ChREBPα and β in HepG2 cells
Authors: Li Lan , Sakiyama Haruhiko , Eguchi Hironobu , Yoshihara Daisaku , Fujiwara Noriko , Suzuki Keiichiro 
Published: June 2021

The carbohydrate response element‐binding protein (ChREBP), a glucose‐responsive transcription factor that plays a critical role in the glucose‐mediated induction of genes involved in hepatic glycolysis and lipogenesis, exists as two isoforms: ChREBPα and ChREBPβ. However, the mechanism responsible for regulating the expression of both ChREBPα and β, as well as the mechanism that determines which specific isoform is more responsive to different stimuli, remains unclear. To address this issue, we compared the effects of several stimuli, including oxidative stress, on the mRNA and protein expression levels of ChREBPα and β in the hepatocyte cell line, HepG2. We found that H2O2 stimulation suppressed the expression of both mRNA and protein in HepG2 cells, but the mRNA expression level of ChREBPβ was < 1% of that for ChREBPα levels. In addition, the reduction in both ChREBPα and β mRNA levels was reversed by PD98059, a selective and cell permeable inhibitor of the MEK/ERK pathway. Additionally, the administration of 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA) and staurosporine (STS), activators of extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling, also resulted in a decrease in the levels of both ChREBPα and β mRNA in HepG2 cells through ERK signaling. These collective data suggest that oxidative stress, including STS treatment, suppresses the expression of ChREBPα and β via the activation of ERK signaling in HepG2 cells. Such a decrease in the levels of expression of ChREBPα and β could result in the suppression of hepatic glycolysis and lipogenesis, and this would be expected to prevent further oxidative stress.
miRNA identification by nuclease digestion in ELISA for diagnosis of osteosarcoma
Authors: Lei Jie , He Meng‐Yin , Li Jie , Li Hao , Wang Wei , Gopinath Subash C.B. , Xu Liang‐Zhou 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOsteosarcoma is a bone cancer formed by the cells of the bone. Children, young adults, and teens are highly affected by osteosarcoma. Early identification of osteosarcoma is mandatory to improve the treatment and increase the lifespan of the patients. MicroRNA‐195 (miR‐195) was shown to be a suitable biomarker for osteosarcoma, and the present study describes a sensitive method of miR‐195 identification by nuclease digestion in ELISA to detect and quantify the level of miR‐195. S1 nuclease catalyzed endo‐ and exonucleolytic digestion of single‐stranded (ss) RNA and DNA on ELISA polystyrene substrate, which helped to identify duplexed miR‐195. This method selectively and specifically identified miR‐195 without any biofouling interactions and reached the limit of detection at 10 fM within the range from 10 fM to 10 nM. Due to complete digestion of ssDNA, single‐ and triple‐mismatched sequences failed to increase the ELISA signal, indicating specific miRNA detection. Furthermore, human serum spiked with miR‐195 did not interfere with the detection, confirming selective identification. This method identified miR‐195 at a lower level and will help to diagnose earlier stages of osteosarcoma.
Design and in silico analysis of a whole‐cell biosensor able to kill methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Benítez‐Chao Diego Francisco , Balderas‐Cisneros Francisco de Jesús , León‐Buitimea Angel , Morones‐Ramírez José Rubén 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe rise of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections has gained concern throughout the world over the past decades. Alternative therapeutic agents to antibiotics are rapidly growing to impede the proliferation of MRSA‐caused infections. Lately, synthetic biology techniques have developed whole‐cell biosensors by designing gene circuitry capable of sensing quorum‐sensing (QS) molecules of pathogens and triggering expression of an antimicrobial moiety that kills MRSA and therefore prevents its further proliferation. Here, an E. coli was engineered in silico to act as a whole‐cell biosensor that senses QS molecules from MRSA and triggers the expression of a bacteriocin that kills MRSA. To achieve this functionality, biosensor and bacteriocin modules were constructed and assembled into a vector. Both modules were codon‐optimized to increase the yield production of the recombinant proteins. We then demonstrate in silico that the construction of a dual biosensor‐killer plasmid, which holds two genetical modules known as biosensor and bacteriocin modules, enables the recombinant host to sense QS molecules from MRSA. Our designed whole‐cell biosensor demonstrates in silico its ability to produce and secrete the bacteriocin as a function of the external concentration of autoinducer peptide from MRSA. These in silico results unravel the possibility of designing antimicrobial smarter therapeutics against resistant pathogens.
Combination of two miRNAs has a stronger effect on stimulating apoptosis, inhibiting cell growth, and increasing erlotinib sensitivity relative to single miRNA in A549 lung cancer cells
Authors: Amri Jamal , Molaee Neda , Karami Hadi , Baazm Maryam 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDespite the dramatic efficacy of EGFR‐TKIs, most of non‐small cell lung cancer patients ultimately develop resistance to these agents. In this study, we explored the effects of miRNA‐125a‐5p and miRNA‐145, alone or in combination, EGFR expression, cell growth and sensitivity of the NSCLC cells to erlotinib. The expression of EGFR was measured using RT‐qPCR and Western blotting. The effect of miRNAs and erlotinib on cell growth and survival was assessed by trypan blue assay and MTT assay, respectively. Apoptosis was measured using ELISA cell death assay. We found that transfection of miRNA‐125a‐5p and miRNA‐145 significantly inhibited the expression of EGFR mRNA and protein in a time‐dependent manner (p < 0.05 vs. blank control or negative control miRNA). ANOVA and Bonferroni's test were used to ascertain significant differences between groups. Other experiments indicated that upregulation of each of miRNA‐125a‐5p or miRNA‐145 inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis, and markedly decreased the IC50 value of erlotinib in A549 lung cancer cells (p < 0.05). Moreover, the combination of two miRNAs showed a stronger effect on cells survival, apoptosis, and drug sensitivity, relative to single miRNA (p < 0.05). The results of our study indicate that the therapeutic delivery of miRNA‐145 and miRNA‐125a‐5p to lung cancer may inhibit cell proliferation, trigger apoptosis, and sensitize lung cancer cells to EGFR‐TKIs.
Content of minerals and deoxynivalenol in the air‐classified fractions of durum wheat
Authors: Cammerata Alessandro , Marabottini Rosita , Allevato Enrica , Aureli Gabriella , Stazi Silvia Rita 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesDurum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), such as other cereals, contains several interesting bioactive compounds mostly found within the coating structure of the kernel; also, these structures included in the bran fractions, contain the highest concentration of both minerals and organic contaminants (mycotoxins). The purpose of this project was to employ the micronization and air‐classification technology to obtain fewer refined milling fractions with an adequate good quality in regard to safety and nutritional aspects to manufacture end products (e.g., pasta).FindingsThe results have identified the milling fraction as the best compromise among satisfactory technological traits, high decrease of cadmium (−83%) and lead (−59%) in comparison to the whole grain, high content of iron (+37%), and the maintenance of useful elements (calcium, potassium, and magnesium). A significant decrease of the deoxynivalenol (−16%) content, as compared with the micronized sample, and a not significant increase (+19%), if compared with semolina, have occurred.ConclusionsThe air‐classification process has been used as an appropriate tool to reach a good compromise between minerals and deoxynivalenol content in milling fractions.Significance and noveltyThe same process has proved to be a proper technology to produce high‐quality mixtures suitable to obtain both healthier end products and better raw matter exploitation.
Electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of [Ca24Al28O64]4+(4e−) electride ceramic
Authors: Waetzig Katja , Schilm Jochen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe compound [Ca24Al28O64]4+(4e‐) named as C12A7:e‐ has outstanding properties because of a low work function and high electron conductivity due to a cage‐like crystal structure. For the application of the material as hollow cathodes in small satellite propulsion systems, its preparation as sinterable glass‐ceramics via the powder route is purposeful. However, the mechanical and thermal properties of the C12A7:e‐ glass‐ceramics have only been insufficiently measured so far. In this study, the measured Vickers hardness (HV0.5) is 6.7 ± 0.2 GPa. The ceramic has a fracture toughness of 1.6 MPa m0.5 (calculated by Shetty model) and a 4‐pt. bending strength of σ = 75 ± 12 MPa (σ0 = 90 MPa). The coefficient of thermal expansion CTE is between 4.2 and 6.0 × 10−6 K−1 (RT‐1000°C), and the thermal conductivity ranges between 2.3 W m−1 K−1 (20°C) and 1.7 W m−1 K−1 (1000°C). For calculating the thermal conductivity, the heat capacity and the thermal diffusivity are measured.
PhICl2/NH4SCN‐Mediated Oxidative Regioselective Thiocyanation of Pyridin‐2(1H)‐ones
Authors: Tao Shanqing , Xiao Jiaxi , Li Yadong , Sun Fengxia , Du Yunfei 
Published: June 2021

Main observation and conclusionThe reaction of pyridin‐2(1H)‐ones with PhICl2 and NH4SCN enables an efficient regioselective thiocyanation, leading to the synthesis of the biologically interesting C5 thiocyanated 2‐pyridones in good to high yields. The mechanistic pathway of this metal‐free approach is postulated to involve the formation of the reactive thiocyanogen chloride from the reaction of PhICl2 and NH4SCN followed with the regioselective electrophilic thiocyanation of the pyridin‐2(1H)‐one ring.
Facile Generation of Strained Peptidyl Thiolactones from Hydrazides and Its Application in Assembling MUC‐1 VNTR Oligomers†
Authors: Dao Yuankun , Wang Biao , Dong Weidong , Zhang Jun , Zhong Chao , Zhang Zhili , Dong Suwei 
Published: June 2021

Main observation and conclusionAn efficient method for the activation of C‐terminal 4‐mecaptoproline‐ or penicillamine‐containing peptide hydrazides in ligation reactions is reported herein. The corresponding peptide hydrazides can be readily prepared using solid‐phase peptide synthesis, and subsequently activated by acetylacetone (acac) without exogenous thiol additives. Strained peptidyl thiolactones could be the possible reactive intermediates that drastically accelerate the reaction rates at the sterically demanding proline and valine sites. This developed protocol allows for sequential peptide ligations in a one‐pot manner, and expedites the assembly of mucin 1 (MUC‐1) variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) trimers in various glycosylated forms.