bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Germline mutations and age at onset of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Reckamp Karen L. , Behrendt Carolyn E. , Slavin Thomas P. , Gray Stacy W. , Castillo Danielle K. , Koczywas Marianna , Cristea Mihaela C. , Babski Kirsten M. , Stearns Donna , Marcum Catherine A. , Rodriguez Yenni P. , Hass Amie J. , Vecchio Mary M. , Mora Pamela , Cervantes Aleck E. , Sand Sharon R. , Mejia Rosa M. , Tsou Terrence C. , Salgia Ravi , Weitzel Jeffrey N. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundTo identify additional at‐risk groups for lung cancer screening, which targets persons with a long history of smoking and thereby misses younger or nonsmoking cases, the authors evaluated germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in patients with lung adenocarcinoma for an association with an accelerated onset.MethodsThe authors assembled a retrospective cohort (1999‐2018) of oncogenetic clinic patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Eligibility required a family history of cancer, data on smoking, and a germline biospecimen to screen via a multigene panel. Germline PVs (TP53/EGFR, BRCA2, other Fanconi anemia [FA] pathway genes, and non‐FA DNA repair genes) were interrogated for associations with the age at diagnosis via an accelerated failure time model.ResultsSubjects (n = 187; age, 28‐89 years; female, 72.7%; Hispanic, 11.8%) included smokers (minimum of 5 pack‐years; n = 65) and nonsmokers (lighter ever smokers [n = 18] and never smokers [n = 104]). Overall, 26.7% of the subjects carried 1 to 2 germline PVs: TP53 (n = 5), EGFR (n = 2), BRCA2 (n = 6), another FA gene (n = 11), or another DNA repair gene (n = 28). After adjustment for smoking, sex, and ethnicity, the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma was accelerated 12.2 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5‐20.6 years) by BRCA2 PVs, 9.0 years (95% CI, 0.5‐16.5 years) by TP53/EGFR PVs, and 6.1 years (95% CI, –1.0 to 12.6 years) by PVs in other FA genes. PVs in other DNA repair genes showed no association. Germline associations did not vary by smoking.ConclusionsAmong lung adenocarcinoma cases, germline PVs (TP53, EGFR, BRCA2, and possibly other FA genes) may be associated with an earlier onset. With further study, the criteria for lung cancer screening may need to include carriers of high‐risk PVs, and findings could influence precision therapy and reduce lung cancer mortality by earlier stage diagnosis.
Toward text psychology analysis using social spider optimization algorithm
Authors: Hosseinalipour Ali , Gharehchopogh Farhad Soleimanian , Masdari Mohammad , Khademi Ali 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDifferent nature‐inspired meta‐heuristic algorithms have been proposed to solve optimization problems. One of these algorithms is called social spider optimization (SSO) algorithm. Spiders' natural behaviors have inspired them to find the bait position by detecting vibrations in their web. Although the SSO algorithm has good accuracy in achieving optimal solutions, it suffers from a low convergence rate. In this paper, we attempted to improve SSO by changing its motion and mating parameters. To provide a practical example of using the new proposed algorithm, we based it on multi‐objective opposition‐based SSO, named MOPSSO. We used this algorithm in a feature selection process for analyzing text psychology, which is a multi‐objective problem. Textual psychology analysis is used in various fields, including collecting and analyzing people's views on various products, topics, social and political events. After selecting features, in order to classify the text, we used a new hybrid method that hybrids fuzzy C‐MEANS data clustering technique, a decision tree (DT), and Naïve Bayes (NB). Experimental results show that the improved SSO algorithm performs better than SSO, social spider algorithm, and CMA‐ES algorithms. Additionally, the performance of the proposed hybrid classification method is better than those of NB and DT.
Retracted: Weather forecasting and prediction using hybrid C5.0 machine learning algorithm
Authors: Murugan Bhagavathi Sudhan , Thavasimuthu Anitha , Murugesan Aruna , George Rajendran Charlyn Pushpa Latha , A Vijay , Raja Laxmi , Thavasimuthu Rajendran 
Published: April 2021

SummaryIn this research, a weather forecasting model based on machine learning is proposed for improving the accuracy and efficiency of forecasting. The aim of this research is to propose a weather prediction model for short‐range prediction based on numerical data. Daily weather prediction includes the work of thousands of worldwide meteorologists and observers. Modernized computers make predictions more precise than ever, and earth‐orbiting weather satellites capture pictures of clouds from space. However, in many cases, the forecast under many conditions is not accurate. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) is one of the popular methods for forecasting weather conditions. NWP is a major weather modeling tool for meteorologists which contributes to more accurate accuracy. In this research, the weather forecasting model uses the C5.0 algorithm with K‐means clustering. The C5.0 is one of the better decision tree classifiers, and the decision tree is a great alternative for forecasting and prediction. The algorithm for clustering the K‐means is used to combine identical data together. For this process, the clustering of K‐means is initially applied to divide the dataset into the closest cluster of K. For training and testing, the meteorological data collection obtained from the database Modern‐Era Historical Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) is used. The model's performance is assessed through MAE mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE). And the proposed model is assessed with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for validation. The results obtained are compared with other current machine learning approaches, and the proposed model achieved predictive accuracy of 90.18%.
Surgical, clinical, and functional outcomes of transoral robotic surgery used in sleep surgery for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lechien Jerome R. , Chiesa‐Estomba Carlos‐Miguel , Fakhry Nicolas , Saussez Sven , Badr Ibrahim , Ayad Tareck , Chekkoury‐Idrissi Younes , Melkane Antoine E. , Bahgat Ahmed , Crevier‐Buchman Lise , Blumen Marc , Cammaroto Giovanni , Vicini Claudio , Hans Stéphane 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe investigated safety and efficacy of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for base of tongue (BOT) reduction in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients. PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched. A meta‐analysis was performed. Random effects models were used. Thirty‐one cohorts met our criteria (1693 patients). The analysis was based mostly on retrospective studies. The summary estimate of the reduction of Apnea–Hypoxia Index (AHI) was 24.25 abnormal events per hour (95% CI: 21.69–26.81) and reduction of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was 7.92 (95% CI: 6.50–9.34). The summary estimate of increase in lowest O2 saturation was 6.04% (95% CI: 3.05–9.03). The success rate of TORS BOT reduction, either alone or combined with other procedures, was 69% (95% CI: 64–79). The majority of studies reported low level of evidence but suggested that TORS BOT reduction may be a safe procedure associated with improvement of AHI, ESS, and lowest O2 saturation.
The type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility gene CDKAL1 polymorphism is associated with depressive symptom in first‐episode drug‐naive schizophrenic patients
Authors: Yin Xu Yuan , Chen Peng , Zhu Hai Wen , Yin Xiao Li , Ye Gang , Chi Yu Yan , Kang Zhao Peng , Sun Hong Yan , Hou Wen Long , Guan Lu Yang , Zhu Zhen Hua , Tang Zhen , Wang Jing , Zhang Guang Ya , Jia Qiu Fang , Hui Li 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with schizophrenia have an increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus that has shown a significant association with the rs7754840 polymorphism in the gene encoding the cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) regulatory subunit‐associated protein 1‐like 1 (CDKAL1).ObjectiveTo examine whether this polymorphism was involved in the susceptibility in first‐episode drug‐naive schizophrenic patients (FDSP), and further influenced their clinical symptoms.MethodsThis polymorphism was genotyped in 239 FDSP and 368 healthy controls. The clinical symptoms in FDSP were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) five‐factor models.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the allelic and genotypic frequencies of this polymorphism between two groups (both p > 0.05) after adjusting for covariates. However, the PANSS depressive score significantly differed by genotype in FDSP after adjusting for covariates (F = 5.25, p = 0.006). This significant difference also persisted after Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05). FDSP with C/C genotype had significantly higher PANSS depressive score than those with C/G genotype (p = 0.007) and those with G/G genotype (p = 0.005). Moreover, further stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed the significant association between the rs7754840 polymorphism and PANSS depressive score in FDSP (β = −1.07, t = −2.75, p = 0.007).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that although the CDKAL1 rs7754840 polymorphism did not contribute to the susceptibility to FDSP, it might be implicated in depressive symptoms in this patient group.
Fifty years of runoff response to conversion of old‐growth forest to planted forest in the H. J. Andrews Forest, Oregon, USA
Authors: Crampe Emily A. , Segura Catalina , Jones Julia A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLong‐term watershed experiments provide the opportunity to understand forest hydrology responses to past logging, road construction, forest regrowth, and their interactions with climate and geomorphic processes such as road‐related landslides. We examined a 50‐year record from paired‐watershed experiments in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, USA in which 125 to 450‐year‐old conifer forests were harvested in the 1960s and 1970s and converted to planted conifer forests. We evaluated how quickflow and delayed flow for 1222 events in treated and reference watersheds changed by season after clearcutting and road construction, including 50 years of growth of planted forest, major floods, and multi‐decade reductions in snowpack. Quickflow runoff early in the water year (fall) increased by up to +99% in the first decade, declining to below pre‐harvest levels (−1% to −15%) by the third to fifth decade after clearcutting. Fall delayed flow responded more dramatically than quickflow and fell below pre‐treatment levels in all watersheds by the fifth decade, consistent with increased transpiration in the planted forests. Quickflow increased less (+12% to 70%) during the winter and spring but remained higher than pre‐treatment levels throughout the fourth or fifth decade, potentially impacted by post‐harvest burning, roads, and landslides. Quickflow remained high throughout the 50‐year period of study, and much higher than delayed flow in the last two decades in a watershed in which road‐related changes in flow routing and debris flows after the flood of record increased network connectivity. A long‐term decline in regional snowpack was not clearly associated with responses of treated vs. reference watersheds. Hydrologic processes altered by harvest of old‐growth conifer forest more than 50 years ago (transpiration, interception, snowmelt, and flow routing) continued to modify streamflow, with no clear evidence of hydrologic recovery. These findings underscore the importance of continued long‐term watershed experiments.
Fault zone hydrogeology in arid environments: The origin of cold springs in the Wadi Araba Basin, Egypt
Authors: Khalil Mahmoud M. , Hamer Kay , Pichler Thomas , Abotalib Abotalib Z. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe role of faults in controlling groundwater flow in the Sahara and most of the hyper‐arid deserts is poorly understood due to scarcity of hydrological data. The Wadi Araba Basin (WAB), in the Eastern Sahara, is highly affected by folds and faults associated with Senonian tectonics and Paleogene rifting. Using the WAB as a test site, satellite imagery, aeromagnetic maps, field observations, isotopic and geochemical data were examined to unravel the structural control on groundwater flow dynamics in the Sahara. Analysis of satellite imagery indicated that springs occur along structurally controlled scarps. Isotopic data suggested that cold springs in the WAB showed a striking similarity with the Sinai Nubian aquifer system (NAS) water and the thermal springs along the Gulf of Suez (e.g., δ18O = −8.01‰ to −5.24‰ and δD = −53.09‰ to −31.12‰) demonstrating similar recharge sources. The findings advocated that cold springs in the WAB represent a natural discharge from a previously undefined aquifer in the Eastern Desert of Egypt rather than infiltrated precipitation over the plateaus surrounding the WAB or through hydrologic windows from deep crystalline basement flow. A complex role of the geological structures was inferred including: (1) channelling of the groundwater flow along low‐angle faults, (2) compartmentalization of the groundwater flow upslope from high‐angle faults, and (3) reduction of the depth to the main aquifer in a breached anticline setting, which resulted in cold spring discharge temperatures (13–22°C). Our findings emphasize on the complex role of faults and folds in controlling groundwater flow, which should be taken into consideration in future examination of aquifer response to climate variability in the Sahara and similar deserts worldwide.
The Buck Creek‐Boreas River Adirondack watershed monitoring program
Authors: Lawrence Gregory B. , Siemion Jay 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Buck Creek‐Boreas River Adirondack Watershed Monitoring Program, located in the Adirondack region of New York State, United States, combines the monitoring of headwater streams, soils, and vegetation based on a watershed design. Continuous monitoring of six watersheds is linked to the sampling of more than 400 additional Adirondack streams between 2003 and 2019 for chemical analysis of 14 constituents throughout the highly valued Adirondack ecoregion that covers an area of more than 24 000 km2. Much of this landscape has a low capacity for acid buffering, but due to spatial variation in geologic features, some areas are moderately to well acid buffered. This program includes data that extends back to the early 1980s and is ongoing. The focus of the program is on the watersheds of headwater Adirondack streams. Soil, vegetation and stream data are used to better understand environmental effects on the linkages of these ecosystem components. Documentation of the long‐term responses of Adirondack ecosystems to environmental disturbances such as acid rain, climate change and other unforeseen factors is the primary objective of the program.
The EU Green Deal's ambition for a toxic-free environment: Filling the gap for science-based policymaking
Authors: Dijk Joanke , Leopold Annegaaike , Flerlage Hannah , Wezel Annemarie , Seiler Thomas-Benjamin , Enrici Marie-Hélene , Bloor Michelle C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Around the world, many ambitious environmental conventions and regulations have been implemented over recent decades. Despite this, the environment is still deteriorating. An increase in the volume and diversity of chemicals is one of the main drivers of this deterioration, of which biodiversity loss is a telling indicator. In response to this situation, in October 2020, a chemicals strategy for sustainability (CSS) was published in the EU. The CSS is the first regional framework aiming to address chemical pollution in a holistic manner. The CSS covers the complete lifecycle of a chemical, including the design of better substances and remediation options, to remove chemicals from the environment. The strategy contains terms, such as a “toxic-free environment,” for which no clear definition exists, potentially hampering the implementation of the CSS. In this paper, a definition for a “toxic-free environment” is proposed on the basis of a survey and a discussion held at the 2020 SETAC Europe Annual Meeting. In addition, key issues that are absent from the CSS but are considered to be key for the realization of a toxic-free environment are identified. To achieve the policy goals, it is recommended to align the definition of risk across the different chemical legislations, to establish a platform for open data and data sharing, and to increase the utility and use of novel scientific findings in policymaking, through the development of a strong science to regulation feedback mechanism and vice versa. The paper concludes that environmental scientists have the tools to address the key challenges presented in the CSS. However, an extra step is needed by both policymakers and scientists to develop methods, processes and tools, to increase the robustness and transparency of deliberation processes, and the utility of science. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:1105–1113. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
KEY POINTS
A definition for a ‘toxic-free environment’ is proposed based on an analysis of a survey and a discussion held at the 2020 SETAC Europe Annual Meeting. Key issues are identified based on discussions that are absent from the European Commission's chemicals strategy for sustainability but are considered to be key for the realisation of a toxic-free environment. Scientists have the tools to address key environmental challenges, but an extra step is needed by both policymakers and scientists to make these applicable.
In vivo catheterization study of chlorhexidine‐loaded nanoparticle coated Foley urinary catheters in male New Zealand white rabbits
Authors: Srisang Siriwan , Boongird Atthaporn , Ungsurungsie Malyn , Wanasawas Pimpaka , Nasongkla Norased 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFoley urinary catheters were coated with chlorhexidine‐loaded nanoparticles (CHX‐NPs), encapsulated in the form of micelles and nanospheres. Both of nanoparticles were deposited by multilayer nanocoating through dip and spray coating on the catheter surface both inner and outer surface. In our previous studies, the nanocoating of Foley urinary catheters was studied for chlorhexidine release, degradation, antibacterial evaluation, cytotoxicity assessment, hemocompatibility, skin irritation, skin sensitization, and stability during storage. The results demonstrated the antimicrobial functions and biocompatibility of the coated catheters. In this study, coated urinary catheters were inserted in the bladders of rabbits for 7 day to investigate their efficacy. Histopathology results showed no inflammation, redness, or swelling on bladder and urethra tissues. Surface morphology comparison of uncoated catheters in the control group and coated catheters in the treatment group revealed more encrustation and crystallization on uncoated catheter than on coated catheter, indicating that catheters coated with CHX‐NPs showed efficacy in delaying encrustation and bacterial colonization. These findings suggest that nanocoating of urinary catheters can potentially enhance the biocompatibility of medical devices.
Differential diagnosis of vitamin D–related hypercalcemia using serum vitamin D metabolite profiling
Authors: Kaufmann Martin , Schlingmann Karl-Peter , Berezin Linor , Molin Arnaud , Sheftel Jesse , Vig Melanie , Gallagher John C. , Nagata Akiko , Masoud Shadi Sedghi , Sakamoto Ryota , Nagasawa Kazuo , Uesugi Motonari , Kottler Marie Laure , Konrad Martin , Jones Glenville 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Genetic causes of vitamin D–related hypercalcemia are known to involve mutation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase CYP24A1 or the sodium phosphate co-transporter SLC34A1, which result in excessive 1,25-(OH)2D hormonal action. However, at least 20% of idiopathic hypercalcemia (IH) cases remain unresolved. In this case-control study, we used precision vitamin D metabolite profiling based on liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of an expanded range of vitamin D metabolites to screen German and French cohorts of hypercalcemia patients, to identify patients with altered vitamin D metabolism where involvement of CYP24A1 or SLC34A1 mutation had been ruled out and who possessed normal 25-OH-D3:24,25-(OH)2D3 ratios. Profiles were compared to those of hypercalcemia patients with hypervitaminosis D, Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS), CYP24A1 mutation, and normal subjects with a range of 25-OH-D levels. We observed that certain IH and WBS patients exhibited a unique profile comprising eightfold to 10-fold higher serum 23,25,26-(OH)3D3 and 25-OH-D3-26,23-lactone than normals, as well as very low serum 1,25-(OH)2D3 (2–5 pg/ml) and elevated 1,24,25-(OH)3D3, which we interpret implies hypersensitive expression of vitamin D–dependent genes, including CYP24A1, as a general underlying mechanism of hypercalcemia in these patients. Because serum 25-OH-D3 and 24,25-(OH)2D3 remained normal, we excluded the possibility that the aberrant profile was caused by hypervitaminosis D, but instead points to an underlying genetic cause that parallels the effect of Williams syndrome transcription factor deficiency in WBS. Furthermore, we observed normalization of serum calcium and vitamin D metabolite profiles at follow-up of an IH patient where 25-OH-D was reduced to 9 ng/ml, suggesting that symptomatic IH may depend on vitamin D nutritional status. Other hypercalcemic patients with complex conditions exhibited distinct vitamin D metabolite profiles. Our work points to the importance of serum vitamin D metabolite profiling in the differential diagnosis of vitamin D–related hypercalcemia that can rationalize expensive genetic testing, and assist healthcare providers in selecting appropriate treatment. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).