bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RCSB Protein Data Bank: Celebrating 50 years of the PDB with new tools for understanding and visualizing biological macromolecules in 3D
Authors: Burley Stephen K. , Bhikadiya Charmi , Bi Chunxiao , Bittrich Sebastian , Chen Li , Crichlow Gregg V. , Duarte Jose M. , Dutta Shuchismita , Fayazi Maryam , Feng Zukang , Flatt Justin W. , Ganesan Sai J. , Goodsell David S. , Ghosh Sutapa , Kramer Green Rachel , Guranovic Vladimir , Henry Jeremy , Hudson Brian P. , Lawson Catherine L. , Liang Yuhe , Lowe Robert , Peisach Ezra , Persikova Irina , Piehl Dennis W. , Rose Yana , Sali Andrej , Segura Joan , Sekharan Monica , Shao Chenghua , Vallat Brinda , Voigt Maria , Westbrook John D. , Whetstone Shamara , Young Jasmine Y. , Zardecki Christine 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB), funded by the US National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and Department of Energy, has served structural biologists and Protein Data Bank (PDB) data consumers worldwide since 1999. RCSB PDB, a founding member of the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB) partnership, is the US data center for the global PDB archive housing biomolecular structure data. RCSB PDB is also responsible for the security of PDB data, as the wwPDB‐designated Archive Keeper. Annually, RCSB PDB serves tens of thousands of three‐dimensional (3D) macromolecular structure data depositors (using macromolecular crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and micro‐electron diffraction) from all inhabited continents. RCSB PDB makes PDB data available from its research‐focused RCSB.org web portal at no charge and without usage restrictions to millions of PDB data consumers working in every nation and territory worldwide. In addition, RCSB PDB operates an outreach and education PDB101.RCSB.org web portal that was used by more than 800,000 educators, students, and members of the public during calendar year 2020. This invited Tools Issue contribution describes (i) how the archive is growing and evolving as new experimental methods generate ever larger and more complex biomolecular structures; (ii) the importance of data standards and data remediation in effective management of the archive and facile integration with more than 50 external data resources; and (iii) new tools and features for 3D structure analysis and visualization made available during the past year via the RCSB.org web portal.
Crystal structure of the anti‐CRISPR, AcrIIC4
Authors: Kim Gi Eob , Lee So Yeon , Park Hyun Ho 
Published: October 2021

AbstractClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs)‐CRISPR‐associated protein systems are bacterial and archaeal defense mechanisms against invading elements such as phages and viruses. To overcome these defense systems, phages and viruses have developed inhibitors called anti‐CRISPRs (Acrs) that are capable of inhibiting the host CRISPR‐Cas system via different mechanisms. Although the inhibitory mechanisms of AcrIIC1, AcrIIC2, and AcrIIC3 have been revealed, the inhibitory mechanisms of AcrIIC4 and AcrIIC5 have not been fully understood and structural data are unavailable. In this study, we elucidated the crystal structure of Type IIC anti‐CRISPR protein, AcrIIC4. Our structural analysis revealed that AcrIIC4 exhibited a helical bundle fold comprising four helixes. Further biochemical and biophysical analyses showed that AcrIIC4 formed a monomer in solution, and monomeric AcrIIC4 directly interacted with Cas9 and Cas9/sgRNA complex. Discovery of the structure of AcrIIC4 and their interaction mode on Cas9 will help us elucidate the diversity in the inhibitory mechanisms of the Acr protein family.
Event‐triggered stabilization of multi‐dimensional nonlinear systems under communication constraints
Authors: Lan Shaojie , Ling Qiang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article investigates the input‐to‐state stability of a multi‐dimensional nonlinear system, which transmits feedback information through an unreliable communication network with bounded network delay and occasional dropouts. In order to stabilize the system and save the occupied communication resources, we propose a model‐based periodic event‐triggered control strategy which can make full use of feedback packets, especially the information contained in their triggering time instants. However, both the network delay and feedback dropouts will reduce the amount of information extracted from triggering/sampling time instants, and significantly degrade the system performance. To handle them, this article provides a novel encoding and decoding method to make use of the timing information and the bits inside each feedback packet for both state and output feedback cases. Compared with the conventional time‐driven strategies, the proposed event‐triggered one can stabilize the concerned nonlinear system at a lower bit rate. The effectiveness and bit rate advantage of the proposed strategy are further illustrated through simulations.
How parents' psychological detachment from work affects their children via fatigue: The moderating role of gender
Authors: Shi Yanwei , Xie Julan , Zhou Zhiqing E. , Ma Hongyu , Tang Yan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrevious studies demonstrated that psychological detachment from work can impact employees' work and family lives. Based on conservation of resources theory and social role theory, the present study examined the process through which working parents' psychological detachment from work influences their children's perception of neglectful parenting (emotional warmth and rejection). Specifically, we examined the mediating role of parents' fatigue and the moderating role of parent gender in this process. Data were collected from working parents (n = 371) and their children in junior high school (n = 371, 10–13 years old) at two time points with a three‐month interval. Our results showed that working parents' psychological detachment from work at Time 1 significantly predicted children's perception of parent emotional warmth and rejection at Time 2, and parents' fatigue at Time 2 mediated this relationship. Besides, parent gender moderated this mediated process such that the positive indirect effect of parent psychological detachment from work on emotional warmth via fatigue was stronger for working mothers than for working fathers. These findings contribute to the limited research on the effects of psychological detachment from work on family members and highlight the importance of parent gender in children's perceptions of working parents' behaviours.
Gender and competitiveness when earning for others: Experimental evidence and implications for sponsorship
Authors: Barrymore Nathan , Dezső Cristian L. , King Benjamin C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractResearch SummaryCareer paths depend not only on individuals' own competitiveness but also on the competitiveness of others in a position to advocate for them. In this article, we study competitiveness when rewards accrue to another individual. In particular, we ask how female and male managers' competitiveness changes when rewards from competition accrue to their female or male protégés, relative to when they accrue to themselves. Using an experimental approach, we find that when rewards accrue to protégés, male and female managers are equally competitive because female managers increase their competitiveness. However, male managers compete more for male rather than female protégés. This gap disappears when male managers know their protégés' risk preferences, suggesting a novel intervention to ensure equity in the sponsorship process.Managerial SummarySponsorship is key to individuals' career development and firms' human capital strategy. In this experimental study simulating an organizational setting, we investigate one aspect of sponsorship and ask whether managers' and protégés' genders affect managers' willingness to compete on behalf of their protégés. We find that when the rewards from competition accrue to protégés, female managers increase their competitiveness and eliminate the gender competitiveness gap present when rewards accrue to managers themselves. This suggests that, from a competitiveness standpoint, female and male managers are equally strong sponsors. However, male managers compete more for male, relative to female, protégés. This gap disappears when male managers have information about protégés' risks preferences, suggesting a novel approach that organizations can implement to reduce discrimination in sponsorship.
Optimizing SnO2−x/Fe2O3 Hetero‐Nanocrystals Toward Rapid and Highly Reversible Lithium Storage
Authors: Hu Chen , Chen Ling , Hu Yanjie , Chen Aiping , Chen Long , Jiang Hao , Li Chunzhong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEngineering oxygen vacancy and boosting Li2O reversibility on oxides‐based electrode are of significance but remains a challenge in high‐power lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, the heterogenous SnO2−x/Fe2O3−y nanocrystals are demonstrated with tailorable x and y values enabled by a glucose‐assisted spray combustion technique. Density functional theory calculations unveil the SnO2−x/Fe2O3 with a maximum x value has the optimal electronic structure, the metallic Fe generated from Fe2O3 can markedly reduce the free energy to break Li–O bonds for accelerating subsequent delithiation process of Li2O. Consequently, the optimized SnO2−x/Fe2O3 exhibits a remarkably enhanced electrochemical reversibility and reaction kinetics. After stabilized by reduced graphene oxide, the hybrid delivers a high reversible specific capacity of 1113 mAh g−1 with superior rate performance (474 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1) and long cycle life (negligible loss after 500 cycles at 5 A g−1), the oxygen vacancy and microstructure are well‐maintained after cycles. This work provides the possibilities for skillfully regulating oxygen vacancy and meantime enhancing Li2O reversibility.
Layer‐Tunable Nonlinear Optical Characteristics and Photocarrier Dynamics of 2D PdSe2 in Broadband Spectra
Authors: Ye Chenyu , Yang Zhenqi , Dong Junhao , Huang Yongfeng , Song Miaomiao , Sa Baisheng , Zheng Jingying , Zhan Hongbing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLayered 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) exhibited fascinating nonlinear optical (NLO) properties for constructing varied promising optoelectronics. However, exploring the desired 2D materials with both superior nonlinear absorption and ultrafast response in broadband spectra remain the key challenges to harvest their greatest potential. Here, based on synthesizing 2D PdSe2 films with the controlled layer number, the authors systematically demonstrated the broadband giant NLO performance and ultrafast excited carrier dynamics of this emerging material under femtosecond visible‐to‐near‐infrared laser‐pulse excitation (400–1550 nm). Layer‐dependent and wavelength‐dependent evolution of optical bandgap, nonlinear absorption, and photocarrier dynamics in the obtained 2D PdSe2 are clearly revealed. Specially, the transition from semiconducting to semimetallic PdSe2 induced dramatic changes of their interband absorption–relaxation process. This work makes 2D PdSe2 more competitive for future ultrafast photonics and also opens up a new avenue for the optical performance optimization of various 2D materials by rational design of these materials.
Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Networks with Consecutive Conductive Pathways from a Facile Competitive Carbonization‐Etching Strategy for High‐Performance Energy Storage
Authors: Liu Siliang , Zhao Zhe , Jin Li , Sun Jing , Jiao Chenlu , Wang Qin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecently, new carbonization strategies for synthesizing structure‐controlled and high‐performance carbon electrode materials have attracted great attentions in the field of energy storage and conversion. Here a competitive carbonization‐etching strategy to prepare nitrogen‐doped carbon polyhedron@carbon nanosheet (NCP@CNS) hybrids derived from zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 is presented. Consecutive conductive networks are constructed in the NCP@CNS hybrids during a unique carbonization‐etching pyrolysis, where a competition between the formation of NCPs and CNSs exists. When the NCP@CNS hybrids are employed as supercapacitor electrodes, their hierarchically porous NCPs serve as ion‐buffering reservoirs for offering fast ion transport channels, and the CNSs within hybrids not only link the NCPs together to build electron transfer pathways but also restrict the volume fluctuation of electrodes during charging and discharging process. As a result, the as‐fabricated NCP@CNS electrode displays excellent electrochemical performances including a superior specific capacitance of 320 F g−1, a high energy density of 22.2 W h kg−1 (5.6 W h kg−1 for symmetric device), and a long cycle life with capacitance retention of ≈101.8% after 5000 cycles. This study opens an encouraging avenue toward the tailored synthesis of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs)‐derived carbon electrodes for renewable energy storage applications and devices.
Bifunctional Ionic Covalent Organic Networks for Enhanced Simultaneous Removal of Chromium(VI) and Arsenic(V) Oxoanions via Synergetic Ion Exchange and Redox Process
Authors: Li Ping , Damron Joshua T. , Veith Gabriel M. , Bryantsev Vyacheslav S. , Mahurin Shannon M. , Popovs Ilja , Jansone‐Popova Santa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChromium (VI) and arsenic (V) oxoanions are major toxic heavy metal pollutants in water threatening both human health and environmental safety. Herein, the development is reported of a bifunctional ionic covalent organic network (iCON) with integrated guanidinium and phenol units to simultaneously sequester chromate and arsenate in water via a synergistic ion‐exchange‐redox process. The guanidinium groups facilitate the ion‐exchange‐based adsorption of chromate and arsenate at neutral pH with fast kinetics and high uptake capacity, whereas the integrated phenol motifs mediate the Cr(VI)/Cr(III) redox process that immobilizes chromate and promotes the adsorption of arsenate via the formation of Cr(III)‐As(V) cluster/complex. The synergistic ion‐exchange‐redox approach not only pushes high adsorption efficiency for both chromate and arsenate but also upholds a balanced Cr/As uptake ratio regardless of the change in concentration and the presence of interfering oxoanions.
BurstFMControl ofLLCResonant Converter with Multiplier for High Efficiency and Low Ripple inTWTPower Supply
Authors: Li Jianbing , Xu Tao , Zhang Guopeng , Wu Hao , Zhou Dongfang , Lin Pengfei 
Published: October 2021

The burst frequency modulation (FM) control mode is applied to an LLC resonant converter with multiplier in this study for enhanced efficiency and low voltage ripple at light load. This control mode provides an effective solution to high‐voltage power supply with wide‐range loads such as the traveling wave tube (TWT) power supply. Shortages in the LLC resonant converter with multiplier at light load are analyzed and a burst FM control strategy is proposed accordingly. The principle of the LLC resonant converter with multiplier under this control mode is then analyzed in detail. A ripple control strategy and zero voltage switching (ZVS) method are proposed, where the controller is implemented by digital signal processing (DSP). The prototype of a TWT power supply based on the burst FM control mode is completed accordingly. In the burst FM control mode applied in this study, ZVS is realized from light load to full load, and the efficiency at light load is improved by 7% comparing with conventional FM mode. The voltage ripple at light load is reduced by 5 V comparing with conventional burst mode. The experimental result indicates that the proposed method is feasible and effective. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Sexist Hate Speech as Subjectivation: Challenges in Media Education
Authors: Hoffarth Britta 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis chapter is dedicated to exploring the practice of sexism—in the sense of sexist hate speech—in digital media and its discursive relationship to theories of subjectivation and education. While I do not approach the issue via the concept of discourse in a formal analytical sense, I reference a Foucauldian view of language drawing on theories of discourse and identifying language and speaking as instruments of power and knowledge. After surveying the current state of digitisation and media education, I will use examples of sexist hate speech to examine the relevance of the gendered orders in force in media and beyond and illuminate a gap in theories of media education in terms of their neglect of the analysis of power relations.
Using Guilds to Foster Internal Startups in Large Organizations: A Case Study
Authors: Sporsem Tor , Tkalich Anastasiia , Moe Nils Brede , Mikalsen Marius , Rygh Nina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSoftware product innovation in large organizations is fundamentally challenging because of restrained freedom and flexibility to conduct experiments. As a response, large agile companies form internal startups to initiate employ-driven innovation, inspired by Lean startup. This case study investigates how communities of practice support five internal startups in developing new software products within a large organization. We observed six communities of practice meetings, two workshops and conducted ten semi-structured interviews over the course of a year. Our findings show that a community of practice, called the Innovation guild, allowed internal startups to help each other by collectively solving problems, creating shared practices, and sharing knowledge. This study confirms that benefits documented in earlier research into CoPs also hold true in the context of software product innovation in large organizations. Henceforth, we suggest that similar innovation guilds, as described in this paper, can support large companies in the innovation race for new software products.
A Service Mesh for Collaboration Between Geo-Distributed Services: The Replication Case
Authors: Delavergne Marie , Cherrueau Ronan-Alexandre , Lebre Adrien 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEdge computing is becoming more and more present, with sites geo-distributed around the globe. Applications on these infrastructures must be able to manage the latency and disconnections inherent to their distribution. One way to deal with these concerns could be to deploy one entire instance of the application per site and use a service mesh to manage the collaboration between the geo-distributed instances. More precisely, we propose to reify the location of application instances in REST requests and allow redirections between these requests thanks to a dedicated language and a service mesh allowing three types of collaborations. This paper focuses on the replication of a resource between multiple instances. Though it is still a work in progress, we demonstrated the relevance of our approach in the OpenStack ecosystem.
Innovation in Large-Scale Agile - Benefits and Challenges of Hackathons When Hacking from Home
Authors: Ulfsnes Rasmus , Stray Viktoria , Moe Nils Brede , Šmite Darja 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHackathons are events in which diverse teams work together to explore and develop solutions, software, or even ideas. Hackathons have been recognized not only as public events for hacking but also as a corporate mechanism for innovation. Hackathons are a way for established large-scale agile organizations to achieve increased employee wellbeing as well as being a curator for innovation and developing new products. The sudden transition to the work-from-home mode caused by the COVID-19 pandemic first put many corporate events requiring collocation, such as hackathons, temporarily on hold and then motivated companies to find ways to hold these events virtually. In this paper, we report our findings from investigating hackathons in the context of a large agile company by first exploring the general benefits and challenges of hackathons and then trying to understand how they were affected by the virtual setup. We conducted nine interviews, surveyed 23 employees, and analyzed a hackathon demo. We found that hackathons provide both individual and organizational benefits of innovation, personal interests, and acquiring new skills and competencies. However, several challenges such as added stress due to stopping the regular work, employees fearing not having enough contribution to deliver, and potential mismatch between individual and organizational goals were also found. With respect to the virtual setup, we found that virtual hackathons are not diminishing the innovation benefits. However, some negative effects surfaced on the social and networking side.
The EFIS Framework for Leveraging Agile Organizations Within Large Enterprises
Authors: Poth Alexander , Kottke Mario , Heimann Christian , Riel Andreas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article presents the design and application of the EFIS framework that combines four pillars to foster agile and lean working in organizations within large enterprises. These pillars constitute the empowerment of teams, the focus on products, the integration of processes, and the scaling of knowledge. The framework is designed to systematically address typical large enterprise challenges such as governance of regulation requirements and product risks. By design, EFIS is lean and nimble to make it easily adaptable to domain-specific demands within large organizations. It can be used as a stand-alone approach to establish and continuously improve lean and agile organizations, as well as in combination with existing approaches like SAFe®.
Künstliche Intelligenz und die Zukunft von Arbeit
Authors: von Richthofen Georg , Gümüsay Ali Aslan , Send Hendrik 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Forscher*innen gehen davon aus, dass der zunehmende Einsatz von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) weitreichende Auswirkungen auf Arbeit, Organisation und Gesellschaft haben wird. In diesem Kapitel untersuchen wir, welche Anzeichen wir hierzu schon jetzt beim Einsatz von KI feststellen können. Zu diesem Zweck haben wir Interviews mit Beschäftigten aus 19 unterschiedlichen Organisationen geführt, die KI entweder in der Anwendung selbst nutzen oder KI-basierte Lösungen anbieten. Unsere Auswertung der Interviews ergibt, dass der Einsatz von KI vier unterschiedliche Typen von Auswirkungen auf Arbeit haben kann, die wir als Ersatz, Entlastung, Einschränkung sowie als Entstehung neuer, maschinell ausgeführter Arbeit bezeichnen. Wir veranschaulichen jede Kategorie anhand eines konkreten Anwendungsfalls und erläutern die Implikationen unserer Erkenntnisse für menschliche Arbeit, Organisationen und Gesellschaft.
Recursion relations for 5-point conformal blocks
Authors: Poland David , Prilepina Valentina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We consider 5-point functions in conformal field theories in d > 2 dimensions. Using weight-shifting operators, we derive recursion relations which allow for the computation of arbitrary conformal blocks appearing in 5-point functions of scalar operators, reducing them to a linear combination of blocks with scalars exchanged. We additionally derive recursion relations for the conformal blocks which appear when one of the external operators in the 5-point function has spin 1 or 2. Our results allow us to formulate positivity constraints using 5-point functions which describe the expectation value of the energy operator in bilocal states created by two scalars.