bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 1 and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 During Aerosol-Generating Procedures in Critical Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies*
Authors: Chan Vinson Wai-Shun , Ng Helen Hoi-Lam , Rahman Laiba , Tang Audrey , Tang Kwan Pui , Mok Alex , Liu Jeremy Ho Pak , Ho Kenny Shiu Cheong , Chan Shannon Melissa , Wong Sunny , Teoh Anthony Yuen-Bun , Chan Albert , Wong Martin , Yuan Yuhong , Teoh Jeremy Yuen-Chun 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To assess the risk of coronavirus transmission to healthcare workers performing aerosol-generating procedures and the potential benefits of personal protective equipment during these procedures.

DATA SOURCES:
MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched using a combination of related MeSH terms and keywords.

STUDY SELECTION:
Cohort studies and case controls investigating common anesthetic and critical care aerosol-generating procedures and transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to healthcare workers were included for quantitative analysis.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Qualitative and quantitative data on the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus to healthcare workers via aerosol-generating procedures in anesthesia and critical care were collected independently. The Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions tool was used to assess the risk of bias of included studies.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Seventeen studies out of 2,676 yielded records were included for meta-analyses. Endotracheal intubation (odds ratio, 6.69, 95% CI, 3.81–11.72; p < 0.001), noninvasive ventilation (odds ratio, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.86–7.19; p < 0.001), and administration of nebulized medications (odds ratio, 10.03; 95% CI, 1.98–50.69; p = 0.005) were found to increase the odds of healthcare workers contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The use of N95 masks (odds ratio, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.03–0.39; p < 0.001), gowns (odds ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.48–0.73; p < 0.001), and gloves (odds ratio, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.29–0.53; p < 0.001) were found to be significantly protective of healthcare workers from contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

CONCLUSIONS:
Specific aerosol-generating procedures are high risk for the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from patients to healthcare workers. Personal protective equipment reduce the odds of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
A role for Gcn5 in heterochromatin structure, gene silencing and NER at theHMLlocus in budding yeast
Authors: Chen Hua , Zhang Ling , Wang Qikai , He Chenxi , Dender Lauren Frances , Gong Feng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHistone acetyltransferase Gcn5 plays an important role in transcription activation, DNA replication-coupled nucleosome assembly and nucleotide excision repair (NER). However, its functions on the heterochromatin are unexplored. Here, we find that removal of Gcn5 leads to more condensed heterochromatin structure, as revealed by topology analysis ofHMLcircles. Importantly, the altered heterochromatin structure is restored by re-expression of Gcn5 in thegcn5Δcells. As a result of the more compact heterochromatin, gene silencing at theHMLlocus is increased and NER efficiency atHMLis impaired in the absence of Gcn5. Interestingly, while the association of SIR complex withHMLis enhanced in cells lacking Gcn5, the altered compaction ofHMLheterochromatin is also observed due to the deletion of Gcn5 from Sir−cells. These findings reveal a role of Gcn5 in the regulation of heterochromatin structure, gene silencing and NER efficiency at the heterochromaticHMLlocus in yeast.
The circular economy meets artificial intelligence (AI): understanding the opportunities of AI for reverse logistics
Authors: Wilson Matthew , Paschen Jeannette , Pitt Leyland 
Published: March 2021

PurposeTechnology is an important force in the entrepreneurial ecosystem as it has the potential to impact entrepreneurial opportunities and processes. This paper explores the emerging technology of artificial intelligence (AI) and its implications for reverse logistics within the circular economy (CE). It considers key reverse logistics functions and outlines how AI is known to, or has the potential to, impact these functions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is conceptual and utilizes the literature from entrepreneurship, the CE and reverse logistics to explore the implications of AI for reverse logistics functions.FindingsAI provides significant benefits across all functions and tasks in the reverse logistics process; however, the various reverse logistics functions and tasks rely on different forms of AI (mechanical, analytical, intuitive).Research limitations/implicationsThe paper highlights the importance of technology, and in particular AI, as a key force in the digital entrepreneurial ecosystem and discusses the specific implications of AI for entrepreneurial practice. For researchers, the paper outlines avenues for future research within the entrepreneurship and/or CE domains of the study.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to present a structured discussion of AI's implications for reverse logistics functions and tasks. It addresses a call for more research on AI and its opportunities for the CE and emphasizes the importance of emerging technologies, particularly AI, as an external force within the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The paper also outlines avenues for future research on AI in reverse logistics.
A comparison of the international protocols for the forensic assessment of conflict‐related sexual violence victims
Authors: Komar Debra , El Jundi Sami , Parra Roberto C. , Perich Pierre 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInternational protocols for forensic investigations are often created by committee and in isolation. When field tested, the results of such tests are rarely reported to the wider forensic community. This study presents a comparative study of one such protocol, the International Protocol on the Documentation and Investigation of Sexual Violence in Conflict: Best Practice in the Documentation of Sexual Violence as a Crime or Violation of International Law. The protocol was used in a pilot study involving 20 victims of conflict‐related sexual assault in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The results of the pilot study were compared with an existing database of 341 victims of sexual assault (also from the same region of the DRC) who were examined using another protocol developed and utilized by Medicins Sans Frontier (MSF). The results clearly indicate the international protocol was far superior in all aspects, including comprehensive data capture and ease‐of‐use. Although the MSF protocol is intended for humanitarian purposes, all medical records are subject to potential downstream forensic applications. Given constraints in funding and resources in conflict zones, the wide‐spread adoption of the full international protocol would ensure that every victim receives a complete, forensically valid examination suitable for the future pursuit of justice.
Evaluation of plasma cleaning as an approach for the preparation of soil minerals for forensic comparison by photon and electron microscopy
Authors: Duggar Anna S. , Kubic Thomas A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough organic material is often used for forensic analysis, a substantial portion of the data gathered for determination of common origin of forensic soil samples is the inorganic, mineralogical composition of the sample, which may be obscured by the presence of soil organic material (SOM). Traditionally, SOM is removed by acidic, alkaline, or peroxide digest, or by combustion, but these techniques risk the damage to or destruction of target minerals of interest. Low–temperature plasma ashing, on the other hand, removes organic materials by exposing them to plasma ions with high‐kinetic energy, converting organics to easily removed volatile products (CO, CO2, H2O, or methane) while avoiding the thermal alterations caused by heat combustion. This study exposed grains of known mineral types to 20 min of a low‐pressure O2 plasma generated by a 10 MHz frequency generator. Powder x‐ray diffraction was chosen as an independent method to evaluate the minerals for chemical or structural changes caused by this ashing process. Side‐by‐side comparison of before and after diffractograms revealed minimal, if any, variation in the detected 2θ and subsequently calculated d‐spacing: differences in d values were found to generally be less than 1%, and most were within Hanawalt Search Index uncertainties by no less than a full order of magnitude. Peak intensity changes were similarly minimal. This study strongly suggests that low‐temperature plasma ashing can be used for the isolation of inorganic soil material fraction for forensic soil analysis with little or no concern for potential alteration of the mineral grains.
A Pirouette with the Twist of a Wheelchair: Embodied Translation and the Creation of Kinesthetic Commensurability
Authors: Hammer Gili 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThe field of integrated dance brings together dancers with and without disabilities to create a novel art form. In dancing together, participants engage in a process of “translation” to interpret and enact movement, a practice I term embodied translation. This practice involves distilling a movement to its kinesthetic and expressive core, then exploring potential manifestations of those elements through various uses of space, objects, and bodies. Performed among people whose means and range of movement vary widely, embodied translation necessitates the recognition of multiple pathways toward shared expression, engendering a collective of kinesthetic multiplicities. Based on fieldwork with projects of integrated dance in Israel and the United States, I examine participants’ verbal, embodied, kinesthetic, and material means of translation, questioning whether translation can in fact produce commensurability among diverse bodies. [translation, disability, dance, embodied knowledge, anthropology of movement, nonhuman]
Adoption of patient‐reported outcome measures with youth with intellectual/developmental disabilities: Contextual influences and practice patterns
Authors: Greenberg Kimberly K. , Schwartz Ariel E. , Kramer Jessica M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to identify potential barriers to patient reported outcome measure (PROM) adoption with youth and young adults with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) and to understand current PROM adoption patterns of paediatric practitioners working with this population.MethodsWe used a web‐based survey to collect data from paediatric practitioners who work with youth with IDD about factors influencing the adoption of PROMs and the frequency of PROM use across age groups (elementary, middle school and high school/transition age) and practice settings (school and rehabilitation).ResultsA total of 113 paediatric practitioners (occupational therapist = 48, physical therapist = 32, physician = 16, other = 17) responded to the survey with an average of 15 years of experience working with youth ages 8–21 with IDD. Accessibility and appropriateness, psychometric evidence, and time were most frequently ranked among the top three factors that influence practitioners' adoption of PROMs. Practitioners reported ‘never or rarely’ using PROMs 39%–65% of the time across age groups.ConclusionsOur results suggest that paediatric practitioners may be infrequently using PROMs with youth with IDD because of perceived inaccessibility and time requirements of PROMs and practice‐environment barriers, including access to evidence and caseload demands. Because PROMs can facilitate client‐centred care, addressing these potential barriers to adoption may improve paediatric rehabilitation.
Globalization and nationalism: Retrospect and prospect
Authors: Obstfeld Maurice 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecent events have highlighted areas of conflict between economic integration with the outside world and the demands of domestic electorates. Historically, the tradeoffs have always become sharper in periods of crisis, such as the present. After reviewing the U‐shaped progress of globalization since the nineteenth century, this essay reconsiders John Maynard Keynes's views on “national self‐sufficiency” in the early 1930s. I argue that the postwar Bretton Woods system he helped to create evolved from those views as a balanced middle ground between market forces and governments' desires for domestic economic stability. The gradual erosion of that balance in favor of the market has helped produce discontent over globalization and more nationalism in politics. Enhanced multilateral cooperation in key areas offers the hope of supporting globalization while better meeting voters' aspirations. Despite daunting political obstacles to global cooperation these days, collective action challenges in areas such as climate, cybersecurity, and health—alongside economic policy—are becoming only more pressing over time.
Dynamic monitoring of cardiac foreign body by perioperative echocardiography: A case study
Authors: Huang Hejing , Wang Peng , Ji Xiufeng , Wang Zhinong , Zhao Jiaqi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCardiac foreign bodies, especially those with sharp tips, may lead to unpredictable complications, such as penetrating cardiac injuries. Yet there have not been many reports of penetrating cardiac injuries caused by a needle that migrates from the neck to the heart. We herein present a review of such a case, focusing on the dynamic monitoring by perioperative echocardiography. The needle was represented on the monitor as a linear artifact that had penetrated through the ventricular wall and caused increasing pericardial effusion. Fortunately, the needle was successfully removed before it completely entered the right ventricular cavity. In this case, perioperative echocardiography played a significant role in clinical emergency decision making.
Asymmetric effects of sectoral shifts under low and high uncertainty
Authors: Berg Kimberly A. , Vu Nam T. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper studies the asymmetric effects of sectoral shifts on economic performance under low and high uncertainty using US data. A sectoral shift is found to induce more depressed economic activity under high uncertainty relative to under low uncertainty. These effects are statistically different across the two uncertainty regimes and are not driven solely by recessions. A tractable two‐sector dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with sectoral shifts and stochastic volatility is able to qualitatively explain these empirical findings.
Pharmacokinetic study of Kovaltry in thirty‐five pediatric patients aged <12 years with severe hemophilia A
Authors: Huang Kun , Zhen Yingzi , Li Gang , Wu Xinyi , Wu Runhui , Chen Zhenping 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundKovaltry (BAY81‐8973) is an unmodified full‐length factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate that enhances the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles as compared to some other standard half‐life time FVIII concentrates. However, the PK of Kovaltry in haemophiliac patients aged <12 years has not been reported previously.AimTo investigate the pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes of Kovaltry in 35 paediatric patients aged <12 years.MethodsA total of 35 boys with severe haemophilia A were enrolled from August 2019 to May 2020 in Beijing Children's Hospital. After 72‐hour washout, PK tests were performed post‐infusion of 50 IU/kg Kovaltry in a five‐timepoint assay. WinNonlin software was used to generate individual PK parameters. The dose, frequency and bleeding details were collected within the first 6 months after switching to Kovaltry from other FVIII concentrates.ResultsCompared to the blood group O, patients with blood group non‐O showed longer mean half‐life (t1/2) (p < .01), lower mean clearance (CL) (p = .01) and similar in vivo recovery (IVR) (p = .51). Higher von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag) level was correlated to longer t1/2 (p < .0001) and lower CL (p < .01). IVR was correlated to body mass index (BMI) (p < .0001). Patients with trough level >3 IU/dL demonstrated lower annual bleeding rate (ABR) (p < .01), annual joint bleeding rate (AJBR) (p < .01) and annual spontaneous bleeding rate (ASBR) (p < .01).ConclusionThis study firstly reported the PK profiles of Kovaltry in 35 paediatric patients <12 years old. The great inter‐individual variability of PK parameters was also confirmed in these patients. VWF:Ag and blood group were major influencing factors of t1/2 and CL of Kovaltry, while BMI was a vital predictor for IVR. Patients with high trough FVIII level in routine prophylaxis had reduced bleeding rates.
Deodorants and antiperspirants: identification of new strategies and perspectives to prevent and control malodor and sweat of the body
Authors: Oliveira Erika C. V. de , Salvador Danielle S. , Holsback Valéria , Shultz Jemima D. , Michniak‐Kohn Bozena B. , Leonardi Gislaine R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractExcessive sweating and body odors in many cultures can cause negative perceptions of an individual and in many cases is related to poor hygiene. Personal hygiene products have been developed with the intention of preventing these undesirable issues. The aim of this paper is to review the main active ingredients used in marketed deodorant and antiperspirant formulations as well as to identify new strategies and future methods to optimize such products and prevent malodor. PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were used to search for studies reporting the use of deodorants and antiperspirants, the compounds used in the formulations, their mechanisms of action and associated controversies, as well as new trends and approaches in the area. Even today, we are still using well‐known and established actives such as triclosan and aluminum salts, and these are still the most used compounds in deodorants with bactericidal and antiperspirant properties. These substances have been on the market for more than 40 years, and still there are many questions concerning the safety of both actives. There is a general increased interest globally for lifestyles that focus on sustainability and more natural products such as plant sources and the use of, for example, essential oils. The research that focuses in the area of antiperspirants and deodorants is now more focused on studies of the armpit biochemistry and function and control of the microbiota present in this area. Other possible areas of interest are biotechnological solutions and finding new compounds that will interfere with the biochemistry of the process of sweat decomposition. Further approaches include formulations with probiotics which would maintain the balance of axillary microbiota.
How do hospitals help patients prepare for and participate in outpatient clinics?
Authors: Chieng Michael , Southwell Thomas , Shand George , Humphries Aimee , Heap Naomi , Chapman Laura 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients attending general medicine outpatient clinics (GM OPC) at hospital face multiple healthcare demands in an environment that has evolved with the clinician at its centre. The ideas, knowledge and understanding that patients bring to their clinic appointments are not well studied in the New Zealand setting.AimsTo assess how hospitals prepare patients for their outpatient appointments and encourage people to participate actively in their own care.MethodsA prospective survey of 50 patients attending follow‐up GM OPC was performed. Participants’ understanding of the purpose of their appointment and knowledge of their prescription medications was explored using a nine‐item questionnaire. Patient‐directed hospital communication was then analysed to assess the information supplied to patients.ResultsTwo‐thirds (66%) of participants attending follow‐up GM OPC recalled being informed of an appointment at the time of leaving hospital; only half (54%) felt they had been informed of the purpose of these appointments. Patient‐directed communication was not completed in half (50%) of the analysed discharge letters. One‐third (36%) of participants did not have specific questions for their clinic visits.ConclusionsLimited information and support is provided to patients attending follow‐up GM OPC and is not tailored to individuals’ health literacy. This practice assumes patients have comparable health literacy to clinicians, which may have downstream impacts on the usefulness of the clinic experience. The information that health users bring to clinic may be improved by increasing pre‐clinic user engagement and deploying patient‐centred tools within the healthcare environment.
Clarifying the connection between parental conditional regard and contingent self‐esteem: An examination of cross‐lagged relations in early adolescence
Authors: Otterpohl Nantje , Bruch Samira , Stiensmeier‐Pelster Joachim , Steffgen Teresa , Schöne Claudia , Schwinger Malte 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveRelations between parental conditional regard (PCR) and children's motivational and emotional functioning have been demonstrated by past research. However, most available studies relied on cross‐sectional correlational data, leaving open the causal direction of these relations. In the present article, we sought to contribute to this topic and examined the longitudinal connection between PCR and adolescents' contingent self‐esteem (CSE) over time.MethodHypotheses were tested in two longitudinal studies with differently gifted samples of German high school students (N = 188 andN = 202 students, respectively). Data were gathered at three time points in Study 1 and at two time points in Study 2. In both studies, adolescents answered questionnaires regarding positive and negative PCR in the academic domain as well as general CSE (and additionally academic CSE in Study 2).ResultsCross‐lagged analyses revealed several significant paths from CSE to PCR, and some paths from PCR to CSE, indicating the presumed reciprocal relationship between these constructs.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that children high in CSE may lead their parents to engage in PCR and that these effects may be more pronounced than vice versa. Possible reasons for these findings and their implications are discussed.