bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Judaism and Christianity in Jewish Ethics of the 1950s
Authors: Kavka Martin 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Jewish ethics emerged as an autonomous field of inquiry in the second half of the twentieth century. But it is worthwhile inquiring as to what it emerged from. This essay examines a very limited data set—the first twenty issues of the journal Judaism, dating from the beginning of 1952 to the end of 1956—in order to offer a preliminary answer to this question. The answer suggested by the data set is that “Jewish ethics” was one of many sites in the mid-twentieth century for the negotiation, within Jewish intellectual life, of Jews' relationship with the Christianized West. The lead article in the first issue of Judaism suggested that the Jewish tradition held ethical values in opposition to those of Christianity; by the end of 1956, both Jewish and Christian ethics had become bedfellows under the rubric of “religious ethics.”
Switched Reluctance Motor for Electric Submersible Pump
Authors: Adams Robert , Xiao Jinjiang , Cross Michael , Deffenbaugh Max 
Published: December 2021

Switched reluctance motors may be advantageous when used as the primary motor for an electric submersible pump system. They are less susceptible to jamming failures due to their high starting torque and ability to reverse direction. Driving these motors requires well-timed pulse waveforms and precise control of the motor based on its rotational position. In general, voltage-based sensing and control systems at the surface see highly unpredictable waveforms with excessive ringing behaviour due to the impedance characteristics of the long cabling between the surface controller and the downhole motor system. In this work, a system is detailed which monitors the current waveforms on the motor coil excitation conductors at the surface as a source of motor performance feedback and control. State-space modelling of the system shows stable current waveforms at the surface controller for both short and long interconnect cable systems. A laboratory demonstration of the surface controller, interconnect cabling, and motor system is shows excellent agreement with the current and voltage waveforms predicted by the state-space system model.
Gestión medioambiental y planificación territorial en Calvià
Authors: Sánchez Robles Álvaro 
Published: December 2021

El gran desarrollo que sufrió Mallorca en el siglo XX afectó especialmente a Calvià, cuyo crecimiento en el último siglo le ha traído enormes consecuencias. Este artículo evalúa el compromiso del municipio con el medio ambiente, averigua si se encamina al mejor escenario posible o no y estudia su acción política. Además, se realiza un benchmarking medioambiental entre las iniciativas de Calvià y las propuestas por la Agenda Urbana de la UE y La Palma y la isla de Culatra. Por último, se destacan las propuestas que podrían llevar al municipio a mejorar la situación actual.
PERSEPSI WARNA EMAS PADA PERHIASAN PENGANTIN KARO DI SEI BINGEI, KABUPATEN LANGKAT, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Sembiring Sartika Br 
Published: December 2021

Color in human life has a very important role. With color, humans can identify something that appears in front of them. There is a strong relationship between color and one’s emotions that can even cause a feeling that is unique to a person. Karo bridal jewelry uses gold as a whole, from bracelets, necklaces to earrings worn by the bride and groom. This study focuses on the role of gold in Karo bridal jewelry in influencing the perception of the bride and groom in living a new household. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the perception of the gold color in the Karo people, especially the bride and groom, had a very deep meaning, namely the value of responsibility, the value of hard work, the value of honesty and the value of prosperity expected in domestic life. The perception of value that arises from the gold color of jewelry reflects that both the bride and the extended family must be able to become role models who have luxurious and effective symbols such as gold.ABSTRAK Warna di dalam kehidupan manusia memiliki peranan yang sangat penting. Dengan warna manusia dapat mengidentifikasi sesuatu yang tampak dihadapannya. Terdapat keterkaitan kuat antara warna dengan emosi seseorang yang bahkan dapat menimbulkan suatu perasaan yang khas dari diri seseorang. Perhiasan pengantin Karo menggunakan warna emas secara keseluruhan mulai dari gelang, kalung sampai dengan anting yang dikenakan oleh kedua pengantin. Penelitian ini memfokuskan peran warna emas pada perhiasan pengantin Karo dalam mempengaruhi persepsi pengantin dalam menjalani rumah tangga yang baru. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi warna emas pada masyarakar Karo khususnya kedua pengantin memiliki arti yang sangat dalam yaitu nilai tanggung jawab, nilai kerja keras, nilai kejujuran serta nilai kemakmuran yang diharapkan dalam kehidupan rumah tangga. Persepsi nilai yang timbul dari warna emas perhiasan mencerminkan kedua pengantin dan keluarga besar harus mampu menjadi panutan yang memiliki simbol mewah dan tepat guna seperti emas. Kata Kunci : Emas; Perhiasan; Pengantin Karo
PENGARUH PENERAPAN DISIPLIN BELAJAR TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWI ASRAMA PUTERI SEKOLAH TINGGI PASTORAL ATMA REKSA ENDE
Authors: Lelboy Viktoria 
Published: December 2021

Tulisan ini berjudul “Pengaruh Penerapan Disiplin Belajar Terhadap Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswi di Asrama puteri Sekolah Tinggi Pastoral Atma Reksa Ende”. Tulisan ini dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan disiplin serta peningkatan belajar Mahasiswi asrama puteri Sekolah Tinggi Pastoral Atma Reksa Ende. Disiplin, adalah melatih melalui pengajaran atau pelatihan”. Disiplin berkaitan erat dengan proses pelatihan yang dilakukan oleh pihak yang memberi pengarahan dan bimbingan dalam kegiatan pengajaran. Disiplin menjadi peranan penting dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif serta proses pembentukan pembelajaran yang teratur sekaligus penting bagi keberhasilan prestasi akademik bagi diri anak dan melalui penerapan disiplin di asrama dapat membantu kemampuan setiap anak untuk mencapai tujuan dan harapan. Belajar bukanlah suatu tujuan tetapi merupakan suatu proses untuk mencapai tujuan, yang merupakan langkah-langkah atau prosedur yang ditempuh. Belajar adalah suatu proses perubahan tingkah laku individu melalui interaksi dengan lingkungan.pengertian ini menitikberatkan pada interaksi antara individu dengan lingkungan. Didalam interaksi inilah terjadi serangkaian pengalaman-pengalaman belajar. Prestasi belajar dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya yaitu disiplin belajar. Disiplin belajar bukan hanya tergantung pada faktor luar seperti orang tua, guru dan lingkungan tetapi yang paling penting disini adalah kedisiplinan diri sendiri. Cara disiplin belajar pada setiap mahasiswi untuk mencapai prestasi belajar berbeda-beda, seperti halnya disiplin mahasiswi asrama Stipar Ende.
INITIATION OF CRIMINAL CASES IN THE INVESTIGATIVE BODIES OF THE INVESTIGATIVE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE BASIS OF MEDIA MATERIALS AND THE ORGANIZATION OF INTERACTION OF THE INVESTIGATIVE BODIES WITH THE MEDIA
Authors: ЗОТОВА Елена Михайловна 
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена вопросам взаимодействия следственных органов Следственного комитета Российской Федерации со средствами массовой информации. Сообщения в средствах массовой информации рассматриваются как один из поводов к возбуждению уголовного дела. Обосновывается вывод о том, что эффективное сотрудничество следственных органов Следственного комитета Российской Федерации со средствами массовой информации позволяет добиться положительных результатов по противодействию преступности.
The article is devoted to the issues of interaction of the investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation with the media. Media reports are considered as one of the reasons for initiating a criminal case. The author substantiates the conclusion that effective cooperation of the investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation with the mass media allows achieving positive results in combating crime.
Structure of the Kakinada cyclone of 6 November 1996
Authors: SHARMA R. V. 
Published: December 2021

Radar is a very powerful tool in determining the position, speed and direction of movement, horizontal and vertical extent of the cyclone. Besides, the radar observations can also be expected to provide more vital information on the shape, size and behaviour of the eye of a cyclone. These features are very important input information for cyclone forecasting, especially in assessing the intensity of the cyclone. An effort has been made here to document the above features of a cyclone that struck the east Godavari coast in November 1996.

The cyclone formed over central Bay of Bengal in the afternoon of 5 November 1996 and intensified into a severe cyclonic storm with a core of hurricane winds next day. The cyclone was tracked by Cyclone Detection Radar (CDR) Visakhapatnam from the initial stage of its formation till it crossed the coast near Kakinada. In this paper, the radar track of the cyclone over sea, along with the size. shape and behaviour of the eye as observed on radar have been discussed. The variation of other parameters like eyewall width, radius of maximum reflectivity and wall cloud height and relationship between eyewall width and eye diameter have also been discussed.
Monsoon variability in recent years from synoptic scale disturbances and semi-permanent systems
Authors: KUMAR J. RAJENDRA , DESAI D. S. 
Published: December 2021

In the recent decade from 1987 to 1996, the Indian summer monsoon rainfall has shown less interannual variability in comparison with its earlier decade. Except 1987 and 1988, the area weighted average monsoon rainfall of all other years are within 10% (normal) of its long period average value over India. The paper discusses monsoon rainfall and several other associated circulations features with their variability in interannual scale during 1987-96. The results show that though the variability of monsoon rainfall is less during the decade, there is a significant interannual variation in the number of synoptic systems, their days, intensities and number of days of presence of monsoon trough and Tibetan anticyclone.

The years with positive side (negative side) of normal seasonal rainfall are characterised by more (less) number of days of synoptic disturbances and more (less) number of days of presence of monsoon trough and Tibetan anticyclone in their favourable positions. However, overall activity of heat low, tropical easterly jet and sub-tropical westerly jet in the season have no direct relation with seasonal monsoon rainfall. In addition, the dates of onset and withdrawal of monsoon over India and the number of days monsoon took to over all India also have no relation with the monsoon rainfall.
Characteristics of African rainfall – An update
Authors: KANE R. P. 
Published: December 2021

Each year during 1901-1990 was characterized as having an El Nino (EN) or Southern Oscillation minimum (SO) or warm (W) or cold (C) waters in east equatorial Pacific sea surface or any combination of these, or none (non-events). In contrast to Indian summer monsoon rainfall which showed a very good association between ENSOW type years and droughts, none of the African regions showed any significant, consistent relationship with any combination, except S. Africa where a slight bias for droughts was observed during El Nino years.

When departures in specific regions were compared, often there was lack of coherence within regions. For years when departures in every region could be classified as positive or negative, all type of teleconnections between W. Africa, E. Africa and S. Africa were seen and no preponderance was observed for continental scale floods or droughts, nor for opposite depart for equator and subtropics.

Five-year running averages indicated long intervals of positive departures preceded or followed by long intervals of droughts, with average spacings of -24 years for W. Africa and E. Africa (but phases not matching) and of -17 years for S. Africa. This seems to be a basis feature of African rainfall variability.
Relation between total ozone and sub-tropical jet stream
Authors: BEGUM D. A. 
Published: December 2021

This article investigates the relationship between total ozone and subtropical jet stream (STJ). Total ozone data have been obtained from the total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) instrument on the Nimbus - 7 satellite and have been examined in conjunction with meteorological data in the region 90°- 160°E, 20° -50°N, i.e., the entrance region of the East Asian STJ from October 1982 to September 1983.

The STJ marks the boundary between the high tropical tropopause (ca. 1000 hPa) and lower subtropical tropopause (ca. 200 hPa). In winter it has been found that the total ozone contours are almost parallel to the wind direction, and the horizontal gradient in total ozone increases as the wind speed strengthens.

The STJ normally marks a steep gradient in total ozone but in spring anomalous patterns are seen sometimes with very small gradients across the jet. A particular study has been conducted of these events, which are associated with a layer of relatively low but still stratospheric potential vorticity (PV) at around 150 hPa (380K) on the poleward side of the jet. This appears to be consistent with a transfer of air from troposphere to stratosphere above the jet core in March and April.
Simulation of winter and summer climates with PRL Atmospheric General Circulation Model
Authors: THOMAS BIJU , KASTURE S.V. , SATYAN S. V. 
Published: December 2021

A global, spectral Atmospheric General Circulation Model (AGCM) has been developed indigenously at Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) for climate studies. The model has six a levels in the vertical and has horizontal resolution of 21 waves with rhomboidal truncation. The model includes smooth topography, planetary boundary layer, deep convection, large scale condensation, interactive hydrology, radiation with interactive clouds and diurnal cycle. Sea surface temperature and sea ice values were fixed based on climatological data for different calender months.

The model was integrated for six years starting with an isothermal atmosphere (2400K), zero winds initial conditions and forcing from incoming solar radiation. After one year the model stabilizes. The seasonal averages of various fields of the last five years are discussed in this paper. It is found that the model reproduces reasonably well the seasonal features of atmospheric circulation, seasonal variability and hemispheric differences.
Epistemologi Islam Klasik dan Kontemporer
Authors: Suhada Dodo , Fatah Natsir Nanat , Haryanti Erni 
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kajian epistemologi islam klasik dan kontemporer. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini menggunakan metode atau pendekatan kepustakaan (library research), bahwa studi pustaka atau kepustakaan dapat diartikan sebagai serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat serta mengolah bahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi keilmuan dalam hal ini Universitas Islam Negeri yang ada di Indonesia memiliki konsep Islamic knowledge atau ilmu-ilmu keislaman yang dikembangkan oleh masing-masing pergurun tinggi itu sendiri, dengan kata lain adalah ilmu pengetahuan yang dibangun ini berlandaskan nilai-nilai ajaran Islam sebagaimana tertuang dalam sumber ajarannya yang utama, yakni al-Qur’an dan al-Sunnah, dan Ijma’. Kemudian kontekstualisasinya terhadap Perkembangan Pendidikan di Indonesia dalam hal ini Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) di Indonesia yang memiliki integrasi konsep dan tujuan serta ciri khas masing-masing perguruan tinggi, ada keunikan tersendiri, misalnya UIN sunan Gunung Djati Bandung dengan jargonnya yaitu wahyu memandu ilmu, kemudian UIN Sunan Kalijaga dengan Konsep Jaring Laba-laba yang merupakan metafora simplifikasi konsep paradigma keilmuan Integrasi-Interkoneksi, yang merupakan sebuah pendekatan dalam pembidangan matakuliah yang mencakup tiga dimensi pengembangan ilmu.
Uma análise do catálogo Arca do Gosto a partir da perspectiva dos jogos de linguagem de Wittgenstein
Authors: Fonseca Gabrieli Aparecida da , Troitiño Sonia 
Published: December 2021

Busca-se no presente artigo discutir a presença de jogos de linguagem na construção do catálogo Arca do Gosto, a partir da perspectiva de Wittgeinstein. O catálogo Arca do Gosto é um instrumento de organização do conhecimento desenvolvido pelo movimento Slow Food, que registrar alimentos em risco de extinção por todos os países onde o movimento é atuante. A presente reflexão origina-se no estudo de caso do registro de produtos alimentícios brasileiros. No que se refere à metodologia, trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa, a qual se vale de procedimentos bibliográficos e documentais, e dos métodos estudo de caso e análise de domínio. Assim, o desenvolvimento do artigo é pautado pela análise de alguns alimentos do catálogo cuja identificação permeia a questão dos jogos de linguagem, seja pelo fato de haver a existência de mais de um produto com o mesmo nome, seja por conta de um mesmo alimento possuir diversos nomes ou, por ambos os casos, simultaneamente. Busca-se discutir brevemente a respeito dos fatores que levam a existência desses jogos de linguagem no contexto da cultura alimentar brasileira e quais alternativas relacionadas ao campo da Organização do Conhecimento poderiam contribuir para que o catálogo Arca do Gosto, enquanto sistema de organização do conhecimento, não venha a apresentar inconsistências, desviando-se de seu propósito original, em função de confusões terminológicas. Como resultado, identificou-se que os jogos de linguagem retratam a influência da cultura na construção de sistemas de organização do conhecimento como a Arca do Gosto. Constatou-se, também, a importância social da aplicação de estudos e instrumentos desenvolvidos no campo da Organização do Conhecimento para que organizações desempenhem suas funções com maior êxito.
Palavras-chave:. Organização do conhecimento. Jogos de linguagem. Arca do Gosto. Slow Food
Assessing the duration of obstetric analgesia and the time elapsed between analgesia and delivery. Observational trial
Authors: Parada Zuluaga Juan Sebastián , Bastidas Palacios Diego Alejandro , Colina Vargas Yerlin Andrés , Socha García Nury Isabel , Barrientos Gómez Juan Guillermo , De la Peña Silva Ancízar Joaquín 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The duration of labor and the immediate puerperium are affected by obstetric and maternal-fetal factors. Interventions to provide obstetric analgesia may prolong the hospital stay.
Objective: To characterize the procedure for obstetric analgesia and describe the time elapsed between analgesia and delivery and postpartum surveillance in healthy mothers.
Methods: Observational, descriptive trial. The time elapsed between analgesia and delivery, and postpartum surveillance were measured in healthy pregnant women with vaginal delivery and a prescription of a neuraxial analgesia technique.
Results: 226 patients were included. The mean time elapsed between analgesia an delivery was 4 hours (IQR 3-7). 50.7 % (n = 114) received early analgesia (neuraxial technique with ≤ 4 centimeters of cervical dilatation), of which 48.2 % (n = 109) experienced a duration of analgesia until delivery longer than expected. The mean cervical dilatation at the time of the neuraxial approach was 4 centimeters (IQR 4-6) and the epidural technique was the most frequently used – 92.9 % (n = 210). The mean postpartum surveillance was 20 hours (IQR 15-27).
Conclusions: Half of the patients included received early analgesia and around fifty percent of them took longer than expected in completing delivery. The postpartum surveillance time was consistent with the provisions of the Ministry of Health and with the current trend of a short postpartum surveillance aimed at early hospital discharge and the benefits thereof.
Sigara İçiminin Gastrik Miyoelektrik Aktiviteye Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: KAYA Hamza , OFLAZOĞLU DİKEN Hüda , KAYHAN KAYA Hacer , KELLE Mustafa , UÇAR EKİN Cemre 
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Sigara içimi gastrointestinal sistem dahil olmak üzere bir çok doku, organ ve sistemi etkilediği bilinmektedir. Mide motor fonksiyon bozukluklarının bazı belirti ve semptomlarının, elektrogastrografik analiz sonuçlarıyla iyi korelasyon gösterdiği ifade edilmiştir. Şu ana kadar sigaranın mide hareketlerini yöneten gastrik miyoelektrik aktiviteye etkileri konusunda sınırlı sayıda çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, elektrogastrografi (EGG) tekniğinden yararlanılarak sigara içiminin gastrik miyoelektriksel aktiviteye etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlandı.
Yöntemler: Çalışma 8’i sigara içen ve 7’si sigara içmeyen 25-40 yaş aralığında ve bilinen gastrointestinal sistem dahil herhangi bir rahatsızlığı bulunmayan toplam 15 sağlıklı ve gönüllü erkek birey üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Her katılımcı için 30 dakikalık kontrol periyodu ve ardından 60 dakikalık deney periyodu abdominal EGG kaydı alındı. Tüm kayıtlar aç karna, aynı gün içinde ve ardışık olarak kaydedildi. Günde en fazla iki bireyin kaydı yapıldı. EGG kayıtlarındaki normogastri yüzdesi, dominant frekans ve dominant güç parametrelerini gösteren dalgalar; spektral analiz programı kullanılarak analiz edildi. Kontrol periyodunda kronik sigara içiminin, deney periyodunda ise kronik içicilerde akut sigara içiminin etkisi araştırıldı. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesinde nonparametrik testlerden Mann-Whitney U testi kullanıldı. Karşılaştırmalardan elde edilen p değerleri p < 0.05 ise anlamlı olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Kontrol periyodunda kronik sigara içen bireylerin EGG kaydı sonuçları sigara içmeyen bireylerin sonuçlarıyla karşılaştırıldığında sigara içenlerde normogastri yüzdesi, dominant frekans ve dominant güç parametrelerinin her üçünde anlamlı olmayan bir azalma saptandı. Ancak, deney periyodunda kronik içicilerde akut sigara içiminin hem normogastri yüzdesini hem de dominant güç değerini anlamlı olarak azalttığı belirlendi.
Sonuç: Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, sigara içiminin özellikle aktif - akut sigara içiminin gastrik miyoelektriksel aktiviteyi azalttığını göstermiştir.