bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Education outside the classroom as upstream school health promotion: ‘adding-in’ physical activity into children’s everyday life and settings
Authors: Bentsen Peter , Mygind Lærke , Elsborg Peter , Nielsen Glen , Mygind Erik 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: It is central for public health to answer questions related to how to change health and wellbeing in populations through interdisciplinarity and health in all policies and sectors. For a school physical activity promotion initiative to be acceptable and thus feasible, the buy-in of teachers is fundamental. Therefore, school physical activity promotion should be integrated into and support teaching activities. Aims: We discuss the use of education outside the classroom as a feasible pedagogical approach that integrates and promotes physical activity for school children. Methods: We present and discuss theoretical arguments and empirical evidence to argue and illustrate that education outside the classroom is a promising approach for promoting physical activity. Results: Education outside the classroom is characterised by regular curriculum-based experiential teaching activities outside the classroom with the inclusion of physical activity as a means to pedagogical ends. School subjects are taught outside the classroom drawing on problem-based learning and experiential education. Here, physical activity is integrated without compromising curriculum goals which increases teacher buy-in and thereby intervention acceptability and feasibility. Empirical evidence suggests that education outside the classroom increases boys’ moderate to vigorous physical activity and girls’ light intensity physical activity. We contend that the mechanisms are a mix of place, pedagogy and pupil motivations. Conclusions: Education outside the classroom is a feasible and acceptable approach to public health and physical activity promotion because it is integrated into children’s everyday settings through curriculum time and applied broadly to child populations at a low cost. The practice of education outside the classroom is context-dependent and culturally bound, and practices therefore need to be adapted to the individual sociocultural context.
Negative Correlation Between Health Care Coverage and Postpartum Depression Among Hispanic Women
Authors: Rajendran Sneha , Lutenbacher Melanie , Dietrich Mary S. 
Published: February 2021

Postpartum depression (PPD) affects women across all races with serious health consequences for mothers and infants. Maternal factors may increase PPD risk, but research in exclusive Hispanic populations is limited. This secondary analysis evaluated the associations between maternal sociodemographic characteristics and reliable decrease in depressive symptoms in Hispanic women between prenatal study enrollment and 2 months postpartum. Data from all women ( n = 178) who completed a randomized control trial assessing the efficacy of a home-visitation program were included. Most women were from Mexico (66.9%), had incomes <$10,000/year (68.5%), had health insurance (58.4%), and intended to breastfeed (84.2%). Few women had high school education/graduate equivalency degree (19.3%) or a health care provider (2.3%). Using multivariate logistic regression and controlling for baseline Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score, gestational age at enrollment, and group assignment, health care coverage ( OR = 4.04, 95% CI 1.27, 12.76, p = 0.017) increased the likelihood of a decrease in level of depressive symptoms at 2 months postpartum. Acculturation, breastfeeding behaviors, and age were not associated with change in depressive symptoms. Results increase our understanding of variability of depressive symptoms in Hispanic women. Having access to health care coverage is critical. Findings provide guidance for culturally competent interventions and policies.
Acute liver lobe torsion in a kitten
Authors: Tallaj Katherine M , Cortes Yonaira , Gannon Kristi M , Fettig Arthur A 
Published: February 2021

Case summary A 10-week-old intact male domestic shorthair kitten presented for an acute onset of lethargy, vomiting and anorexia. An abdominal mass effect was palpable on presentation. Blood work, abdominal radiographs and point-of-care abdominal ultrasound showed severe anemia, decreased serosal detail and abdominal effusion, respectively. Based on the concern for an abdominal organ torsion or ruptured mass, an emergency abdominal exploratory surgery was performed. Torsion of the entire caudate liver lobe was discovered with a secondary hemoabdomen, and a liver lobectomy was performed. The kitten was stabilized and discharged 3 days after surgery. At the recheck examination, 15 days postoperatively, the patient was reported to be doing well. Relevance and novel information Liver lobe torsion is a rare condition previously reported in six other cats; however, this is the first peer-reviewed report in a kitten successfully treated with surgery with no identifiable underlying cause.
Hand tumors: A review of 186 patients at a single institute
Authors: Fujibuchi Taketsugu , Imai Hiroshi , Miyawaki Joji , Kidani Teruki , Kiyomatsu Hiroshi , Miura Hiromasa 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The spectrum of diagnoses and clinical features of hand tumors differ from those of tumors in other body parts. However, only a few reports have comprehensively referenced the diagnosis and clinical features of hand tumors. This study aimed to elucidate the diagnostic distribution and the clinical features of hand tumors undergone surgery in our institute. Patients and methods: A total of 235 lesions in 186 patients diagnosed with hand tumors between 1978 and 2020 were reviewed. Age at surgery, gender, chief complaint, tumor location, and pathological diagnosis were analyzed. Results: There were 121 benign bone tumors, 98 benign soft tissue tumors, and 16 malignant tumors. Chondroma and tenosynovial giant cell tumor were common benign bone and soft tissue tumors at the proximal phalanx of the ring finger and the palm, respectively. Meanwhile, chondrosarcoma and synovial sarcoma were common malignant tumors at the dorsal part of the hand. Local pain and painless mass were the chief complaints in patients with benign bone and soft tissue tumors, respectively. Most patients with malignant tumors were referred after unplanned resection. When patients were classified into two categories by tumor size according to maximal diameter, tumors larger than 19 mm had a significantly higher risk of malignant ( p = 0.031) despite being smaller than other tumors in different body parts. Conclusion: When a tumor malignancy is suspected, the patient should be referred to a specialist to avoid unplanned resection or delayed diagnosis due to misdiagnosis. Knowing the distribution and clinical features should help in diagnosing hand tumors.
Short- to Midterm Clinical and Radiological Outcomes After Matrix-Associated Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation for Chondral Defects in Knees
Authors: Dai Xuesong , Fang Jinghua , Wang Siheng , Luo Jianyang , Xiong Yan , Zhang Miaofeng , Zhu Sunan , Yu Xinning 
Published: February 2021

Background: Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) has been proven to provide favorable short-term results for chondral defects in knees. However, it remains unclear whether the clinical benefits of MACI persist in the longer term. Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes, at short- and midterm follow-up, for patients undergoing MACI for focal chondral defects of the knee. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 30 consecutive patients (31 knees) were treated using MACI between October 2010 and March 2018. There were 24 male patients and 6 female patients with an average age of 26 years (range, 12-48 years). The areas of the cartilage defect were consistently >2 cm2. All patients underwent MACI for a focal chondral defect of the femoral condyles or trochlea in the knee. These patients had been evaluated for up to 5 years, with an average follow-up of 44 months (range, 6-60 months) postoperatively. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lysholm score, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with T2 mapping were used to assess the outcomes. Results: No patients were lost to follow-up. Mean IKDC scores improved from 58.6 (range, 40.2-80.5) to 79.1 (range, 39.1-94.3) at 12 months and up to 88.4 (range, 83.9-100) at 5 years; mean Lysholm scores improved from 67.3 (range, 46-95) to 90.6 (range, 71-100) at 12 months and up to 95.9 (range, 85-100) at 5 years. The MRI with T2 mapping value of the transplanted area was evaluated for 21 knees, which revealed no differences compared with the normal area at 12 months postoperatively. Conclusion: From the first year onward, the clinical outcome scores and MRI with T2 mapping values showed continuous and marked improvement, suggesting that MACI is a valid option for localized cartilage defects in the knee.
Enhanced homology-directed repair for highly efficient gene editing in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Authors: De Ravin Suk See , Brault Julie , Meis Ronald J. , Liu Siyuan , Li Linhong , Pavel-Dinu Mara , Lazzarotto Cicera R. , Liu Taylor , Koontz Sherry M. , Choi Uimook , Sweeney Colin L. , Theobald Narda , Lee GaHyun , Clark Aaron B. , Burkett Sandra S. , Kleinstiver Benjamin P. , Porteus Matthew H. , Tsai Shengdar , Kuhns Douglas B. , Dahl Gary A. , Headey Stephen , Wu Xiaolin , Malech Harry L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lentivector gene therapy for X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) has proven to be a viable approach, but random vector integration and subnormal protein production from exogenous promoters in transduced cells remain concerning for long-term safety and efficacy. A previous genome editing–based approach using Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 mRNA and an oligodeoxynucleotide donor to repair genetic mutations showed the capability to restore physiological protein expression but lacked sufficient efficiency in quiescent CD34+ hematopoietic cells for clinical translation. Here, we report that transient inhibition of p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) significantly increased (2.3-fold) long-term homology-directed repair to achieve highly efficient (80% gp91phox+ cells compared with healthy donor control subjects) long-term correction of X-CGD CD34+ cells.
Effectiveness of community and school-based sanitation interventions in improving latrine coverage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled interventions
Authors: Igaki Satoshi , Duc Nguyen Tran Minh , Nam Nguyen Hai , Nga Tran Thi Tuyet , Bhandari Parshal , Elhamamsy Amr , Lotify Caroline Ibrahim , Hewalla Mostafa Elsayed , Tawfik Gehad Mohamed , Mathenge Peterson Gitonga , Hashizume Masahiro , Huy Nguyen Tien 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionApproximately 1000 children die each year due to preventable water and sanitation-related diarrheal diseases. Six in 10 people lacked access to safely managed sanitation facilities in 2015. Numerous community- and school-based approaches have been implemented to eradicate open defecation practices, promote latrine ownership, improve situation sanitation, and reduce waterborne disease.ObjectiveGiven that current evidence for sanitation interventions seem promising, the aim of this study was to systematically summarize existing research on the effectiveness of community- and school-based randomized controlled sanitation intervention in improving (1) free open defecation (safe feces disposal), (2) latrine usage, (3) latrine coverage or access, and (4) improved latrine coverage or access.MethodsEight electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, WHO Global Health Library (GHL), Virtual Health Library (VHL), POPLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar up to 26 April 2019. Original randomized clinical trials addressing community-based or school-based intervention that reported feces disposal and latrine coverage were deemed eligible. More than two researchers independently contributed to screening of papers, data extraction, and bias assessment. We conducted a meta-analysis by random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool.ResultsEighteen papers that matched all criteria and 16 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Compared to the control, the sanitation intervention significantly increased safe feces disposal (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.51–3.19,p< 0.05,I2= 97.28), latrine usage (OR 3.72, 95% CI 1.71–8.11,p< 0.05,I2= 91.52), latrine coverage or access (OR 3.95, 95% CI 2.08–7.50,p< 0.05,I2= 99.07), and improved latrine coverage or access (OR 3.68, 95% CI 1.52–8.91,p< 0.05,I2= 99.11). A combination of education and latrine construction was more effective compared to educational intervention alone.ConclusionOur study showed strong evidence for both community- and school-based sanitation interventions as effective for the safe disposal of human excreta. The finding suggests major implications for health policy and design of future intervention in developing countries.
Benchmarking workflows to assess performance and suitability of germline variant calling pipelines in clinical diagnostic assays
Authors: Krishnan Vandhana , Utiramerur Sowmithri , Ng Zena , Datta Somalee , Snyder Michael P. , Ashley Euan A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Benchmarking the performance of complex analytical pipelines is an essential part of developing Lab Developed Tests (LDT). Reference samples and benchmark calls published by Genome in a Bottle (GIAB) consortium have enabled the evaluation of analytical methods. The performance of such methods is not uniform across the different genomic regions of interest and variant types. Several benchmarking methods such as hap.py, vcfeval, and vcflib are available to assess the analytical performance characteristics of variant calling algorithms. However, assessing the performance characteristics of an overall LDT assay still requires stringing together several such methods and experienced bioinformaticians to interpret the results. In addition, these methods are dependent on the hardware, operating system and other software libraries, making it impossible to reliably repeat the analytical assessment, when any of the underlying dependencies change in the assay. Here we present a scalable and reproducible, cloud-based benchmarking workflow that is independent of the laboratory and the technician executing the workflow, or the underlying compute hardware used to rapidly and continually assess the performance of LDT assays, across their regions of interest and reportable range, using a broad set of benchmarking samples.

Results
The benchmarking workflow was used to evaluate the performance characteristics for secondary analysis pipelines commonly used by Clinical Genomics laboratories in their LDT assays such as the GATK HaplotypeCaller v3.7 and the SpeedSeq workflow based on FreeBayes v0.9.10. Five reference sample truth sets generated by Genome in a Bottle (GIAB) consortium, six samples from the Personal Genome Project (PGP) and several samples with validated clinically relevant variants from the Centers for Disease Control were used in this work. The performance characteristics were evaluated and compared for multiple reportable ranges, such as whole exome and the clinical exome.

Conclusions
We have implemented a benchmarking workflow for clinical diagnostic laboratories that generates metrics such as specificity, precision and sensitivity for germline SNPs and InDels within a reportable range using whole exome or genome sequencing data. Combining these benchmarking results with validation using known variants of clinical significance in publicly available cell lines, we were able to establish the performance of variant calling pipelines in a clinical setting.
Elucidation of molecular and hormonal background of early growth cessation and endodormancy induction in two contrasting Populus hybrid cultivars
Authors: Boldizsár Ákos , Soltész Alexandra , Tanino Karen , Kalapos Balázs , Marozsán-Tóth Zsuzsa , Monostori István , Dobrev Petre , Vankova Radomira , Galiba Gábor 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Over the life cycle of perennial trees, the dormant state enables the avoidance of abiotic stress conditions. The growth cycle can be partitioned into induction, maintenance and release and is controlled by complex interactions between many endogenous and environmental factors. While phytohormones have long been linked with dormancy, there is increasing evidence of regulation by DAM and CBF genes. To reveal whether the expression kinetics of CBFs and their target PtDAM1 is related to growth cessation and endodormancy induction in Populus, two hybrid poplar cultivars were studied which had known differential responses to dormancy inducing conditions.

Results
Growth cessation, dormancy status and expression of six PtCBFs and PtDAM1 were analyzed. The ‘Okanese’ hybrid cultivar ceased growth rapidly, was able to reach endodormancy, and exhibited a significant increase of several PtCBF transcripts in the buds on the 10th day. The ‘Walker’ cultivar had delayed growth cessation, was unable to enter endodormancy, and showed much lower CBF expression in buds. Expression of PtDAM1 peaked on the 10th day only in the buds of ‘Okanese’. In addition, PtDAM1 was not expressed in the leaves of either cultivar while leaf CBFs expression pattern was several fold higher in ‘Walker’, peaking at day 1. Leaf phytohormones in both cultivars followed similar profiles during growth cessation but differentiated based on cytokinins which were largely reduced, while the Ox-IAA and iP7G increased in ‘Okanese’ compared to ‘Walker’. Surprisingly, ABA concentration was reduced in leaves of both cultivars. However, the metabolic deactivation product of ABA, phaseic acid, exhibited an early peak on the first day in ‘Okanese’.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that PtCBFs and PtDAM1 have differential kinetics and spatial localization which may be related to early growth cessation and endodormancy induction under the regime of low night temperature and short photoperiod in poplar. Unlike buds, PtCBFs and PtDAM1 expression levels in leaves were not associated with early growth cessation and dormancy induction under these conditions. Our study provides new evidence that the degradation of auxin and cytokinins in leaves may be an important regulatory point in a CBF-DAM induced endodormancy. Further investigation of other PtDAMs in bud tissue and a study of both growth-inhibiting and the degradation of growth-promoting phytohormones is warranted.
Genome-wide search and structural and functional analyses for late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) gene family in poplar
Authors: Cheng Zihan , Zhang Xuemei , Yao Wenjing , Zhao Kai , Liu Lin , Fan Gaofeng , Zhou Boru , Jiang Tingbo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
The Late Embryogenesis-Abundant (LEA) gene families, which play significant roles in regulation of tolerance to abiotic stresses, widely exist in higher plants. Poplar is a tree species that has important ecological and economic values. But systematic studies on the gene family have not been reported yet in poplar.

Results
On the basis of genome-wide search, we identified 88 LEA genes from Populus trichocarpa and renamed them as PtrLEA. The PtrLEA genes have fewer introns, and their promoters contain more cis-regulatory elements related to abiotic stress tolerance. Our results from comparative genomics indicated that the PtrLEA genes are conserved and homologous to related genes in other species, such as Eucalyptus robusta, Solanum lycopersicum and Arabidopsis. Using RNA-Seq data collected from poplar under two conditions (with and without salt treatment), we detected 24, 22 and 19 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in roots, stems and leaves, respectively. Then we performed spatiotemporal expression analysis of the four up-regulated DEGs shared by the tissues, constructed gene co-expression-based networks, and investigated gene function annotations.

Conclusion
Lines of evidence indicated that the PtrLEA genes play significant roles in poplar growth and development, as well as in responses to salt stress.
Effect of implantation site of the His bundle pacing leads on pacing parameters: a single-center experience
Authors: Tang Oushan , Zhou Haoliang , Yuan Caidi , Cheng Yinhong , Lv Jin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
HB pacing is a promising approach to achieve physiological pacing, but its efficacy and long-term effects require further validation. In current study, we deemed to investigate the effect of the His bundle pacing (HBP) lead location on pacing parameters.

Methods
2D echocardiography imaging was performed after successful implantation, according to which the patients were divided into groups A (whose His lead tips were at the atrial side) and B (whose His lead tips were at the ventricular side). The capture thresholds, sensing values, and H-V intervals between the two groups were compared.

Results
Thirteen patients were in group A and 16 patients were in group B. The average capture thresholds during, 1 month, and 1 year after operation were 1.20 ± 0.34, 0.69 ± 0.29, and 0.92 ± 0.80 V/0.5 ms for group A and 1.14 ± 0.43, 0.81 ± 0.39, and 0.98 ± 0.59 V/0.5 ms for group B, respectively. The difference between the two groups was not significant. The threshold values in both groups decreased significantly in 1 month and slightly increased in 1 year. The sensing values of group A were 1.87 ± 0.82, 1.95 ± 0.76, and 1.88 ± 0.75 mV, while those of group B were 4.53 ± 1.37, 4.69 ± 1.38, and 4.59 ± 1.42 mV. The difference among the three time points was not significant. However, the sensing values in group A were consistently significantly lower than those in group B. The HV interval in group A was significantly longer than that in group B.

Conclusions
The implantation site of HBP leads has a significant effect on sensing values for that His leads crossing the tricuspid annulus toward the ventricle are associated with higher sensing values, compared to a more proximal location. Meanwhile, lead location has no evident effect on capture thresholds that is improved significantly shortly after operation.