bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covid19, Charitable Giving and Collectivism: a data-harvesting approach
Authors: TAYLOR-GOOBY PETER , PETRICEK TOMAS , CUNLIFFE JACK 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper charts responses to urgent appeals by welfare charities through crowd funding websites in order to examine the impact of the Covid19 pandemic on public generosity and social cohesion in the UK. It uses a relatively new method in social policy research, data-harvesting. Online public giving to local charities for vulnerable people sky-rocketed during the crisis, despite the long-established stigmatic treatment of the able-bodied poor of working age, a decade of benefit cuts, the increased stringency of Universal Credit and the long-term downward trend in charity incomes. Welfare policy and the rhetoric that surrounds it is increasingly divisive, although most welfare spending addresses needs or risks that confront all of us. The Covid19 lockdown can be seen as a natural experiment in social inclusion. This paper shows how policy discourse that stresses common humanity in the face of a collective challenge, rather than social divisions, can help build social cohesion.
Narrative Performance and Sociopragmatic Abilities in Preschool Children are Linked to Multimodal Imitation Skills
Authors: CASTILLO Eva , PRONINA Mariia , HÜBSCHER Iris , PRIETO Pilar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOver recent decades much research has analyzed the relevance of 9- to 20- month-old infants’ early imitation skills (object- and language-based imitation) for language development. Yet there have been few systematic comparisons of the joint relevance of these imitative behaviors later on in development. This correlational study investigated whether multimodal imitation (gestural, prosodic, and lexical components) and object-based imitation are related to narratives and sociopragmatics in preschoolers. Thirty-one typically developing 3- to 4-year-old children performed four tasks to assess multimodal imitation, object-based imitation, narrative abilities, and sociopragmatic abilities. Results revealed that both narrative and sociopragmatic skills were significantly related to multimodal imitation, but not to object-based imitation, indicating that preschoolers’ ability to imitate socially relevant multimodal cues is strongly related to language and sociocommunicative skills. Therefore, this evidence supports a broader conceptualization of imitation behaviors in the field of language development that systematically integrates prosodic, gestural, and verbal linguistic patterns.
Transjugular venous approach for Piccolo patent ductus arteriosus closure in a 1.4 kg infant
Authors: Herron Christopher , Forbes Thomas J. , Kobayashi Daisuke 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTransfemoral venous approach is the standard method for transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus closure using the Amplatzer Piccolo patent ductus arteriosus occluder in small infants. We report a 1.4 kg infant who underwent transcatheter Piccolo patent ductus arteriosus closure. Transjugular venous approach was taken due to the unexpected finding of interrupted inferior vena cava.
Campylobacter coli Myocarditis: a case report
Authors: Gomes Sílvia A. , Trigo Conceição , Pinto Fátima F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe report the case of a 14-year-old male presented with raised myocardial injury biomarkers, on the workout, Campylobacter coli was identified on stool culture, treated with antibiotics with total resolution. Cardiac magnetic resonance showed interventricular septum and lateral wall hypokinesia and subepicardial delayed enhancement, with preserved ventricular systolic function. To our knowledge, this is the first report linking Campylobacter coli to myopericarditis in children.
ON HIGHER DIMENSIONAL ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS IN MEYER SETS
Authors: KLICK ANNA , STRUNGARU NICOLAE 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper we study the existence of higher dimensional arithmetic progressions in Meyer sets. We show that the case when the ratios are linearly dependent over
${\mathbb Z}$
is trivial and focus on arithmetic progressions for which the ratios are linearly independent. Given a Meyer set
$\Lambda $
and a fully Euclidean model set with the property that finitely many translates of cover
$\Lambda $
, we prove that we can find higher dimensional arithmetic progressions of arbitrary length with k linearly independent ratios in
$\Lambda $
if and only if k is at most the rank of the
${\mathbb Z}$
-module generated by . We use this result to characterize the Meyer sets that are subsets of fully Euclidean model sets.
The influence of the seasons: how the agricultural calendar impacts farmer perceptions of cover crops
Authors: Beetstra Margaret , Wilson Robyn , Toman Eric 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAcross the Midwest, substantial funding and personnel time have been allocated to encourage farmers to adopt a wide range of conservation practices but adoption rates for many of these practices remain low. Prior research focuses largely on the influence of individual-level factors (e.g., beliefs, attitudes) on conservation practice adoption rather than on contextual factors (e.g., seasons) that might also play a role. In the present study, we considered seasonal variation and its potential influence on farmer cover crop decision-making. We first established how farmer temporal and financial resources fluctuate across the year and then compared the annual agricultural decision and cover crop decision calendars. We also considered farmer cover crop perceptions and likely behaviors. To study this, we surveyed the same Midwestern farmers in the spring, summer and winter within a 12-month period. Results indicated that farmers were generally the least busy and the most financially comfortable in the winter months. Moreover, farmers perceived the benefits of cover crops differently throughout the year. These results indicate that seasonality can be a confounding factor which should be considered when designing and conducting research and farmer engagement. As researchers, it is our responsibility to understand the specific calendar experienced by our sample and how that may influence responses so we can examine theory-supported factors of interest rather than seasonality as a driver of farmer responses. As practitioners, it is important to use research findings to engage with farmers about conservation in a way that prioritizes communicating about the most salient aspects of the practice at the time of year when farmers will be most receptive.
A second fossil species of the enigmatic rove beetle genusCharhyphusin Eocene Baltic amber, with implications on the morphology of the female genitalia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Phloeocharinae)
Authors: YAMAMOTO Shûhei , SHAVRIN Alexey V. , KAIRIŠS Kristaps 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTPhloeocharinae is a small and likely non-monophyletic subfamily of rove beetles. The enigmatic genusCharhyphusSharp, 1887 has long been placed in Phloeocharinae, whereas recent studies have found it to be phylogenetically very distant from the core members of this subfamily, suggesting the possibility that it actually deserves its own separate subfamily status. So far, the sole definitive fossil record forCharhyphusis known based on a single male from Eocene Baltic amber as represented by †Charhyphus balticusShavrin, 2020. Here, we describe and illustrate another newCharhyphusspecies, †Charhyphus serratussp. nov. Yamamoto & Shavrin, from Baltic amber based on a well-preserved female fossil. Considering the general proportions of the body and the head, this new species is most similar to †C.balticus. The new species differs from all known species by the development of strong serration of the lateral edges of the pronotum and features of the shape of the apical margin of the mesoventrite. By using X-ray micro-computed tomography, we succeeded in visualising not only the general habitus but also each individual body part, recovering a previously undocumented sclerite on the female internal genital segments in the genus. Morphological features of extinct and extant species ofCharhyphusare briefly discussed. Figures of all extantCharhyphusspecies and a key for the genus are also provided. Our study is important for considering possible higher palaeodiversity, more common occurrence, and palaeobiogeography ofCharhyphus.
Estimating Radiative Forcing With a Nonconstant Feedback Parameter and Linear Response
Authors: Fredriksen Hege‐Beate , Rugenstein Maria , Graversen Rune 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA new algorithm is proposed for estimating time‐evolving global forcing in climate models. The method is a further development of the work of Forster et al. (2013), https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50174, taking into account the non‐constancy of the global feedbacks. We assume that the non‐constancy of this global feedback can be explained as a time‐scale dependence, associated with linear temperature responses to the forcing on different time scales. With this method we obtain stronger forcing estimates than previously assumed for the representative concentration pathway experiments in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). The reason for the higher future forcing is that the global feedback parameter is more negative at shorter time scales than at longer time scales, consistent with the equilibrium climate sensitivity increasing with equilibration time. Our definition of forcing provides a clean separation of forcing and response, and we find that linear temperature response functions estimated from experiments with abrupt quadrupling of can be used to predict responses also for future scenarios. In particular, we demonstrate that for most models, the response to our new forcing estimate applied on the 21st century scenarios provides a global surface temperature up to year 2100 consistent with the output of coupled model versions of the respective model.
Widespread Mismatch Between Phenology and Climate in Human‐Dominated Landscapes
Authors: Song Yiluan , Zajic Christopher J. , Hwang Taehee , Hakkenberg Christopher R. , Zhu Kai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPlants track changing climate partly by shifting their phenology, the timing of recurring biological events. It is unknown whether these observed phenological shifts are sufficient to keep pace with rapid climate changes. Phenological mismatch, or the desynchronization between the timing of critical phenological events, has long been hypothesized but rarely quantified on a large scale. It is even less clear how human activities have contributed to this emergent phenological mismatch. In this study, we used remote sensing observations to systematically evaluate how plant phenological shifts have kept pace with warming trends at the continental scale. In particular, we developed a metric of spatial mismatch that connects empirical spatiotemporal data to ecological theory using the “velocity of change” approach. In northern mid‐to high‐latitude regions (between 30–70°N) over the last three decades (1981–2014), we found evidence of a widespread mismatch between land surface phenology and climate where isolines of phenology lag behind or move in the opposite direction to the isolines of climate. These mismatches were more pronounced in human‐dominated landscapes, suggesting a relationship between human activities and the desynchronization of phenology dynamics with climate variations. Results were corroborated with independent ground observations that indicate the mismatch of spring phenology increases with human population density for several plant species. This study reveals the possibility that not even some of the foremost responses in vegetation activity match the pace of recent warming. This systematic analysis of climate‐phenology mismatch has important implications for the sustainable management of vegetation in human‐dominated landscapes under climate change.
Using TRMM Latent Heat as a Source to Estimate Convection Induced Gravity Wave Momentum Flux in the Lower Stratosphere
Authors: Liu Chuntao , Alexander Joan , Richter Jadwiga , Bacmeister Julio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDue to a lack of observations, it is a big challenge to quantify the momentum flux transported from the troposphere into the lower stratosphere by gravity waves generated by convection. This limits our understanding of the dynamics of general circulation in the stratosphere and the realism of simulations of the Quasi Biennial Oscillation. In the past decade, some general circulation models have linked the momentum flux to the latent heating from subgrid scale convective precipitation with some success. However, there is still a large uncertainty in the sources of subgrid scale convection in these models. This study applies the links between the momentum flux and convective latent heating directly to the convective precipitation derived from 16 years of TRMM precipitation radar observations in the tropics and subtropics. The total and directional momentum flux at 100 hPa are derived at individual convective pixels by using the TRMM Spectrum Latent Heating product and large‐scale wind profiles from the ERA‐Interim dataset. For the first time, we are able to estimate the geographical distribution of momentum flux at 100 hPa in tropics and subtropics from the observed convective sources. The diurnal, seasonal, and interannual variations of the derived momentum flux are presented and discussed. These results could provide a reference to validate the dynamic coupling between the tropical troposphere and the stratosphere in the general circulation models.
Pressure-induced superconductivity and structure phase transition in Pt2HgSe3
Authors: Pei Cuiying , Jin Suhua , Huang Peihao , Vymazalova Anna , Gao Lingling , Zhao Yi , Cao Weizheng , Li Changhua , Nemes-Incze Peter , Chen Yulin , Liu Hanyu , Li Gang , Qi Yanpeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRecently monolayer jacutingaite (Pt2HgSe3), a naturally occurring exfoliable mineral, discovered in Brazil in 2008, has been theoretically predicted as a candidate quantum spin Hall system with a 0.5 eV band gap, while the bulk form is one of only a few known dual-topological insulators that may host different surface states protected by symmetries. In this work, we systematically investigate both structure and electronic evolution of bulk Pt2HgSe3 under high pressure up to 96 GPa. The nontrivial topology is theoretically stable, and persists up to the structural phase transition observed in the high-pressure regime. Interestingly, we found that this phase transition is accompanied by the appearance of superconductivity at around 55 GPa and the critical transition temperature Tc increases with applied pressure. Our results demonstrate that Pt2HgSe3 with nontrivial topology of electronic states displays a ground state upon compression and raises potentials in application to the next-generation spintronic devices.
Quantitative prediction of conditional vulnerabilities in regulatory and metabolic networks using PRIME
Authors: Immanuel Selva Rupa Christinal , Arrieta-Ortiz Mario L. , Ruiz Rene A. , Pan Min , Lopez Garcia de Lomana Adrian , Peterson Eliza J. R. , Baliga Nitin S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) to adopt heterogeneous physiological states underlies its success in evading the immune system and tolerating antibiotic killing. Drug tolerant phenotypes are a major reason why the tuberculosis (TB) mortality rate is so high, with over 1.8 million deaths annually. To develop new TB therapeutics that better treat the infection (faster and more completely), a systems-level approach is needed to reveal the complexity of network-based adaptations of Mtb. Here, we report a new predictive model called PRIME (Phenotype of Regulatory influences Integrated with Metabolism and Environment) to uncover environment-specific vulnerabilities within the regulatory and metabolic networks of Mtb. Through extensive performance evaluations using genome-wide fitness screens, we demonstrate that PRIME makes mechanistically accurate predictions of context-specific vulnerabilities within the integrated regulatory and metabolic networks of Mtb, accurately rank-ordering targets for potentiating treatment with frontline drugs.
BioCPPNet: automatic bioacoustic source separation with deep neural networks
Authors: Bermant Peter C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe introduce the Bioacoustic Cocktail Party Problem Network (BioCPPNet), a lightweight, modular, and robust U-Net-based machine learning architecture optimized for bioacoustic source separation across diverse biological taxa. Employing learnable or handcrafted encoders, BioCPPNet operates directly on the raw acoustic mixture waveform containing overlapping vocalizations and separates the input waveform into estimates corresponding to the sources in the mixture. Predictions are compared to the reference ground truth waveforms by searching over the space of (output, target) source order permutations, and we train using an objective function motivated by perceptual audio quality. We apply BioCPPNet to several species with unique vocal behavior, including macaques, bottlenose dolphins, and Egyptian fruit bats, and we evaluate reconstruction quality of separated waveforms using the scale-invariant signal-to-distortion ratio (SI-SDR) and downstream identity classification accuracy. We consider mixtures with two or three concurrent conspecific vocalizers, and we examine separation performance in open and closed speaker scenarios. To our knowledge, this paper redefines the state-of-the-art in end-to-end single-channel bioacoustic source separation in a permutation-invariant regime across a heterogeneous set of non-human species. This study serves as a major step toward the deployment of bioacoustic source separation systems for processing substantial volumes of previously unusable data containing overlapping bioacoustic signals.
Semi-automated quantitative analysis of the middle limiting membrane in tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis using swept-source optical coherence tomography
Authors: Agarwal Aniruddha , Kalra Gagan , Agrawal Rupesh , Bansal Reema , Gupta Vishali 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo analyze the longitudinal changes in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) in patients with tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis (TB SLC) and compare it to the healthy control population. Clinical and imaging data of subjects with TB SLC (minimum 6-month follow-up) and healthy control subjects were reviewed. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging obtained using swept-source device (DRI Triton, Topcon, Japan) from three visits (baseline, 3 months, and 6 months) were analyzed. Three OCT scans were chosen—one passing through the center of the fovea, one line above, and one line below. After random indexing to anonymize the images, they were pre-processed and fed into an automated pipeline to identify, crop, and measure the area of the OPL in the line scan. Longitudinal comparisons of OPL within the patient group were performed. The study included 32 eyes (16 patients; 11 males; mean age: 32.9 ± 7.8 years) with TB SLC. Twenty-eight eyes (14 subjects; 10 males: mean age: 31.1 ± 6.2 years) of healthy control subjects (age- and gender-matched) were also selected. The area of OPL was significantly different between the baseline and month 6 visit (6288 ± 1803 versus 5487 ± 1461; p = 0.0002) at the central scan passing through the fovea. For the scans above and below the fovea, the reduction in OPL area was significant at each visit (p < 0.0001). In comparison with healthy control subjects, OPL area values in patients with TB SLC were significantly lower at the month-3 (6116 ± 1441 versus 7136 ± 2539; p = 0.04) and the 6-month visit (5487 ± 1461 versus 7136 ± 2539; p < 0.001). The atrophied OPL at month 6 has been referred to as the “middle limiting membrane” (MLM). Subjects with TB SLC may develop progressive atrophy of the OPL resulting in formation of MLM, which is seen as a hyper-reflective line replacing the OPL. The analysis of longitudinal changes in the OPL may be useful in predicting anatomical and functional outcomes in these patients.
Decomposition of cell activities revealing the role of the cell cycle in driving biofunctional heterogeneity
Authors: Lan Tian , Yu Meng , Chen Weisheng , Yin Jun , Chang Hsiang-Tsun , Tang Shan , Zhao Ye , Svoronos Spyros , Wong Samuel W. K. , Tseng Yiider 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHeterogeneity of cell phenotypes remains a barrier in progressing cell research and a challenge in conquering cancer-related drug resistance. Cell morphology, the most direct property of cell phenotype, evolves along the progression of the cell cycle; meanwhile, cell motility, the dynamic property of cell phenotype, also alters over the cell cycle. However, a quantifiable research understanding the relationship between the cell cycle and cell migration is missing. Herein, we coordinate the migratory behaviours of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts to their corresponding phases of the cell cycle, the G1, the S, and the G2 phases, and explain the relationship through the spatiotemporal arrangements between the Rho GTPases’ signals and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21Cip1, and p27Kip1. Taken together, we demonstrate that both cell morphology and the dynamic subcellular behaviour are homogenous within each stage of the cell cycle phases but heterogenous between phases through quantitative cell analyses and an interactive molecular mechanism between the cell cycle and cell migration, posing potential implications in countering drug resistance.
A theoretical approach on the ability of functionalized gold nanoparticles for detection of Cd2+
Authors: Khavani Mohammad , Mehranfar Aliyeh , Izadyar Mohammad 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCadmium (Cd) as a toxic element that is widely present in water, soil, and air has important effects on human health, therefore proposing an accurate and selective method for detection of this element is of importance. In this article, by employing full atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory dispersion corrected (DFT-D3) calculations, the effects of 6-mercaptonicotinic acid (MNA) and l-cysteine (CYS) on the stability of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and their sensitivity against Cd2+ were investigated. The obtained results indicate that pure AuNPs are not stable in water, while functionalized AuNPs with CYS and MNA groups have considerable stability without aggregation. In other words, the functional groups on the surface of AuNPs elevate their resistance against aggregation by an increase in the repulsive interactions between the gold nanoparticles. Moreover, functionalized AuNPs have considerable ability for selective detection of Cd2+ in the presence of different metal ions. Based on the MD simulation results, MNA-CYS-AuNPs (functionalized AuNPs with both functional groups) have the maximum sensitivity against Cd2+ in comparison with MNA-AuNPs and CYS-AuNPs due to the strong electrostatic interactions. DFT-D3 calculations reveal that the most probable interactions between the metal ions and functional groups are electrostatic, and Cd2+ can aggregate functionalized AuNPs due to strong electrostatic interactions with MNA and CYS groups. Moreover, charge transfer and donor–acceptor analyses show that molecular orbital interactions between the functional groups and Cd2+ can be considered as the driving force for AuNPs aggregation. A good agreement between the theoretical results and experimental data confirms the importance of the molecular modeling methods as a fast scientific protocol for designing new functionalized nanoparticles for application in different fields.