bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing standard treatment of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea to add-on acetazolamide treatment: An open-label randomised controlled trial
Authors: Tripathi Anurag , Prakash Ved , Kumar Hemant , Arif Mohammad , Tiwari Atul , Kumar Sachin , Singh Mrityunjaya , Sharma Deepak , Srivastava Shubhra 
Published: December 2024

Background and Objective:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition, featured by repetitive upper airway collapse during sleep manifested with poor quality of life and co-morbidities. Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the recommended therapy, lack of patient compliance and persistent symptoms often preclude its success. The present study evaluates the effect of acetazolamide in combination with CPAP, and compares this treatment strategy to single therapy using CPAP in moderate to severe OSA.

Materials and Methods:
A parallel-group, open-label randomized controlled trial consisted of 95 subjects diagnosed with moderate to severe OSA. Subjects were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to CPAP plus acetazolamide (C+D) and CPAP alone (C). The baseline characteristics and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) metrics were comparable. Following four weeks of intervention, the outcomes measured involved changes in AHI (apnea hypopnoea index), sleep architecture, ODI (oxygen desaturation Index), and other sleep parameters.

Results:
The combination of CPAP and acetazolamide significantly reduced total AHI (34.69 ± 18.91 events/hour) compared to CPAP alone (45.47 ± 19.09 events/hour, p = 0.0044). AHI also observed significant improvements during non-REM sleep (p = 0.0014). Although no significant difference was found in AHI during REM sleep between the groups (p = 0.6284), the C+D group demonstrated a notable decrease in severe OSA cases and an increase in mild and moderate OSA classifications. Compliance-adjusted AHI was significantly lower in the C+D group (5.67 ± 3.45) compared to the C group (7.67 ± 3.41, p = 0.0034). The C+D group exhibited improved sleep architecture with lower percentages of N1 and N3 sleep stages, and a trend towards increased REM sleep percentage (p = 0.0704). Significant reductions in WASO (p = 0.0404) and ODI (p = 0.0301) were also observed. Both groups reported minimal and comparable side effects, indicating the safety and tolerability of the combination therapy.

Conclusion:
The addition of acetazolamide to CPAP therapy improves efficacy in OSA treatment parameters among moderate-to-severe OSA, reduces total and NREM AHI as well as ODI without an increase in adverse effects. With added pharmacotherapy, the combination therapy represents a potential adjunctive treatment for managing OSA.
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Due to Lentil Aspiration in Children: A Case Series
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Sachdev Anil , Ghuman Samarjit Singh , Gupta Dhiren 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in children is a common cause of interstitial lung disease. HP has been seen in the patient due to the inhalation of different bacteria, fungi, and other particles, such as feathers of various types of birds. In our study, we observed that children who were forced to feed themselves with lentil-based weaning food had respiratory symptoms and radiology similar to HP. Here, we are reporting nine patients admitted over 13 months with symptoms of persistent cough, breathing difficulty, not responding to antibiotics, and persistent radiological changes in chest radiographs and computerized tomography. The median age of the cases was 12 months, with male predominance. Flexible bronchoscopy was done to rule out any structural anomalies in the airways and to obtain broncho-alveolar lavage, which yielded no results for pyogenic and tubercular infections. The immunoglobulin G (IgG) specific for lentils ranges from 17.6 to > 200 mgA/L. All children received oral steroids for up to 8 weeks and showed remarkable improvement in clinical and radiological status. In conclusion, lentil-induced HP in infants during weaning should be considered in cases with persistent cough and non-resolving pneumonia.
Analysis and Determinants of Restraint Practices in Psychiatry Inpatients from a Tertiary Care Hospital in India: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Singh Vijender , Pakhre Ashish , Sutar Roshan , Laha Poulami , Pandita K. K. , Mandal Debayan 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Restraint practice has been employed in psychiatry setting to manage patients with risk of aggression and violence. The restraint practice is also linked with the ethical, legal, and human rights of individuals and regulation has seen policies and laws on it across the globe. It is critical to assess the factors associated with restraints and its relationship with clinical variables in the Indian scenario.

Materials and Methods:
It was a retrospective chart review design study. It was conducted in the psychiatry department of a tertiary care hospital. The duration of the study considered from January 2024 to October 2024. We have considered purposive sampling (n = 68). We have included all patients with h/o restraints in ward stay will be included (restraint register) and excluded ward patients with no h/o any restraint and those with h/o medications given for sedation but not restraint.

Results:
This hospital has a 9.25% prevalence of restraint use. The main diagnoses found were alcohol use disorder presenting with delirium tremens (46.9%), mood disorder with manic or mixed episode (31.3%), schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder (9.4%), other psychotic disorder (9.4%), and severe depression with psychotic symptom (3.1%). The main reasons for restraint were agitation/disorientation (46.9%), actual violence (46.9%), and threats of violence (6.3%).

Conclusion:
According to this study, receiving chemical and/or physical restraint was more frequently linked to male gender, young age, lower and middle socioeconomic status, alcohol use disorder diagnosis presenting with delirium tremens, and mood disorders presenting with mania or mixed episodes.
Pola Hubungan Ruang Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tebing Tinggi terhadap Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan
Authors: Dasrizal Dasrizal , Harefa Mei Brilian , Rizalitaher Alif Saum , Purba Junianty Dahnita br , Ginting Elia Yo Sepa br 
Published: December 2024

In the relationship of space, the architect makes a precondition of how each space should relate and the type of relationship. The pattern of hospital room relationships has been regulated in the regulation of the Minister of Health. This study aims to analyze the level of suitability of the hospital room relationship with the regulations of the Minister of Health. The object of the research used is the Kumpulan Pane Regional General Hospital or abbreviated as RSKP, located in the city of Tebing Tinggi, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province. This research is a quantitative research, with data obtained through direct observation and juxtaposed with the Regulation of the Minister of Health. The results of observations at the location of the research object found that the spatial relationship pattern between hospital buildings did not meet the standard of spatial relationship pattern contained in the Regulation of the Minister of Health. This study has a conclusion that some of the buildings in the hospital do not meet the existing regulatory standards so that they need to be adjusted. The targeted output is an accredited journal.
The Role of Faith-Based Education in Bangladesh’s Multicultural System and Its Impact on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Khondoker Saif Uddin Ahmed , Waston  , An Andri Nirwana , Mahmudulhassan  , Muthoifin  
Published: December 2024

Objective: To examine how faith-based education in Bangladesh's multicultural educational system incorporates religious and secular courses, emphasizing madrasa students' intellectual development and cultural identity.

Theoretical Framework: Exploring how to strike a balance between religious principles and the demands of secular education, based on multicultural and integrative education theories.

Method: Qualitative research using student and teacher interviews combined with document analysis of curriculum materials and educational policies.

Results and Discussion: Students who attend faith-based schools form strong cultural and ethical identities based on religious beliefs, which influence their values and sense of identity. Incorporating secular disciplines like physics and math helps pupils develop their critical thinking abilities and prepares them for various social and academic issues. The integration of a balanced curriculum is still hampered by several issues, such as scarce resources, inadequate teacher preparation, and cultural conflicts between conservative and progressive viewpoints.

Research Implications: This paper emphasizes the necessity of laws that help religious schools deliver high-quality instruction that satisfies both contemporary academic requirements and religious beliefs.

Originality/Value: Offers unique insights into Bangladesh’s educational landscape, guiding future reforms to promote academic success and cultural integration in a diverse society.
Penerapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan Studi Kasus RS Cakra Husada
Authors: Ramadhani Tariska Bernaningtyas , Suratman Andriyastuti 
Published: December 2024

Salah satu bagian yang perlu diperhatikan oleh perusahaan terutama dalam mengelola karyawan untuk mendapatkan kinerja yang terbaik dengan memperhatikan keselamatan dam kesehatan kerja (K3) untuk karyawan. Sehingga keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) menjadi hal penting bagi semua perusahaan terlebih perusahaan yang memiliki resiko tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk maupun penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) di Rumah Sakit Cakra Husada dari perspektif pembuat kebijakan hingga karyawan yang melaksanakannya. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data yang dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dengan uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji kredibilitas dan uji transferability. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bagaimana penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) Rumah Sakit Cakra Husada dari perspektif pembuat kebijakan dan karyawan yang melaksanakannya dan menjadi salah satu faktor meningkatkan kinerja karyawan. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dalam penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) yang telah dilakukan Rumah Sakit Cakra Husada
POULTRY MICROBIOME: COMPOSITION, FUNCTIONS AND METHODS OF ANALYSIS
Authors: KUZNETSOVA T.V. , KOROTETSKIY I.S. , REVA O.N. , IVANOVA L. , ZUBENKO N. , SHILOV S.V. , PARENOVA R.A. 
Published: December 2024

The avian gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome is a dynamic ecosystem with a complex and diverse composition. It is formed from the moment of embryo formation and continues to develop and modernize throughout life. The bulk of the intestinal microflora consists of bacteria, a smaller proportion of fungi and viruses, and trace amounts of archaea and protozoa. Each part of the digestive system performs functions that are important for the digestive process and absorption of nutrients. Different parts of the GI tract differ in their microbial composition; therefore, they can be considered separate ecosystems, albeit closely interconnected. Until recently, it was difficult to determine the impact of the intestinal microflora on the host organism. However, owing to the emergence and improvement of technologies in the field of sequencing, there has been a rapid growth of data with the help of which it is possible to assess the entire species diversity of intestinal microflora and the degree of its change under the influence of various external factors. The intestinal microflora directly or indirectly modulates the intestinal barrier function, digestion, host metabolism, and immune function. All the information obtained makes it possible to relate the composition of the microbiota to poultry performance indicators, such as growth rate and feed conversion rate. This knowledge can be applied to improve the digestive tract, which in turn will have a positive effect on the immune status of birds and their performance.
Құстардың асқазан-ішек жолдарының (АІЖ) микробиомасы күрделі және неше түрлі құрамы бар динамикалық экожүйе болып табылады. Ол эмбрион пайда болған сәттен бастап қалыптасады және өмір бойы дамып, жаңартылып отырады. Ішек микрофлорасының негізгі бөлігі бактерияларға, аз бөлігі саңырауқұлақтар мен вирустарға толы келеді, аз мөлшерде архейлер мен қарапайымдылар кездеседі. Ас қорыту жүйесінің әр бөлімі қорыту және қоректік заттарды сіңіру үрдісінде маңызды қызметтерді орындайды. АІЖ әртүрлі бөлімдері микробтық құрамы бойынша ерекшеленеді, сондықтан оларды бір-бірімен тығыз байланыста болса да, бөлек экожүйелер ретінде қарастыруға болады. Соңғы уақытқа дейін ішек микрофлорасының ағза иесіне әсерін анықтау қиын болды. Бірақ секвенирлеу саласындағы технологиялардың пайда болуы мен жетілдірілуінің арқасында деректердің тез өсуі байқалады, соның көмегімен ішек микрофлорасының барлық түрлерінің әртүрлілігін, түрлі сыртқы факторлардың әсерінен өзгеру дәрежесін бағалауға болады. Ішек микрофлорасы ішектің тосқауыл қызметін, ас қорытуды, иесінің метаболизмін және иммундық қызметтерді тікелей немесе жанама түрде модуляциялайды. Алынған барлық ақпарат микробиотаның құрамының құстың өсу қарқыны мен жемнің конверсия дәрежесі сияқты өнімділік көрсеткіштерімен байланыстыруға мүмкіндік береді. Осы алынған ақпарат ас қорыту жүйесінің жұмысын жақсарту үшін қолданылады, бұл өз кезегінде құс ағзасының иммундық мәртебесіне және оның өнімділігіне оң әсерін тигізеді.
SELECTION OF NUTRIENT SOURCES FOR CULTIVATION OF SALT TOLERANT PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA
Authors: SMIRNOVА I.E. , SADANOV A.K. , BABAEVA Sh.A. , BAIMAKHANOVA G.B. , FAYZULINA E.R. , TATARKINA L.G. , SPANKULOVA G.A. , TURLYBAYEVA Z.Zh. , RAKHMETOVA Y.U. , DAMENOVA N. 
Published: December 2024

To develop a biofertilizer based on salt-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing bacteria that can improve phosphorus nutrition and mitigate salt stress of pasture grasses, high profitability of its production is necessary. One of the ways to reduce production costs is to select optimal food sources to increase the yield of bacterial biomass. The purpose of this study was to select a source of carbon and nitrogen for the cultivation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in order to increase the productivity of biomass with high phosphate solubilization activity. The selection of sources of carbon and nitrogen nutrition for two salt-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing strains of bacteria was carried out. It has been established that the optimal sources of carbon nutrition are glucose, and the optimal sources of nitrogen are ammonium sulfate. On media with these sources, an increased yield of bacterial biomass and maximum phosphate solubilization activity were founded.
Для разработки биоудобрения на основе солетолерантных фосфатмобилизующих бактерий, способных улучшать фосфорное питание и смягчать солевой стресс пастбищных трав, необходима высокая ренатабельность его производства. Одним из путей снижения затрат производства является подбор оптимальных источников питания для повышения выхода биомассы бактерий. Целью данного исследования являлся побор источников углерода и азота для культивирования фосфатмобилизующихбактерий с целью повышения выхода биомассы с высокой активностью мобилизации фосфатов. Проведен подбор источников углеродного и азотного питания для двух солетолерантных фосфатмобилизующих штаммов бактерий. Установлено, что оптимальными источниками углеродного питания является глюкоза, азотного – сернокислый аммоний. На питательных средах с этими источниками отмечали повышенный выход биомассы бактерий и максимальную активность мобилизации фосфатов.
THE EFFICIENCY OF OIL-CONTAMINATED SOIL REMEDIATION USING THE BIOCOMPOSTING METHOD
Authors: MAMETOVA A.Z. , USPABAYEVA A.A. , ABUBAKIROVA A.A. , BABENKO A.S. 
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a model experiment on the biocomposting method for processing soils contaminated with oil and oil products. The study revealed that a consortium consisting of strains of active hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms Bacillus megaterium MU7 and Penicillium griseoroseum Mach5 demonstrated greater effectiveness in reducing the amount of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil contaminated with oil and oil products compared to other strains. It has been demonstrated that additional heating increases the quantity of microorganisms during the biocomposting of soil contaminated with oil and oil products, and effective and high results can be achieved by using vermiculite as a structuring agent. The efficiency of soil moisture and temperature factors in reducing the concentration of petroleum products is presented. The quantity of petroleum products in oil-contaminated soil has been determined. Numerous methods are known for cleaning oil-contaminated soils, among which one of the most optimal is the biocomposting of oil waste based on the bioremediation method. The findings of this study underscore the considerable promise of the biocomposting approach in restoring oil-contaminated soils.
В статье представлены результаты модельных экспериментов утилизации загрязненных почв нефтью и нефтепродуктами по методу биокомпостирования. Результаты исследования показали, что консорциум штаммов активных углеводородокисляющих микроорганизмов: Bacillus megaterium MU7 и Penicillium griseoroseum Mach5 эффективна в снижении концентрации углеводородов нефти в почвах, загрязненных нефтью и нефтепродуктами. Показано, что использование вермикулита в качестве структуратора с аэрационными свойствами эффективно в утилизации нефтезагрязненных почв методом биокомпостирования. Приведены данные влияния фактора влажности почв и фактора температуры на эффективность снижения концентрации нефтепродуктов. Определен количественный состав нефтепродуктов в почве. Проведен анализ на эффективность структуратов. Установлено, что при биокомпостировании использование в качестве структуратора почвы вермикулита и дополнительный нагрев приводят к снижению концентрации нефтепродуктов в почве. Проблема разработки и применения технологий, адаптированных к высоким среднесуточным температурам, высокому содержанию солей и низкой влажности грунта, остается по-прежнему нерешенной. Существует множество методов очистки нефтезагрязненных почв, одним из которых является метод биокомпостирования нефтезагрязненных почв, основанный на методе биоремедиации. В данной работе показано, что метод биокомпостирования обладает высоким потенциалом для восстановления нефтезагрязненных почв.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENETIC AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF KAZAKHSTAN POPULATIONS OF SUBSHRUBS OF THE GENUS THYMUS
Authors: ZHUMABEKOVA B.K. , KLIMENKO M.Yu. , ASSYLBEKOVA G.E. , AUBAKIROVA K.М. , KUPCINSKIENE E. , SHAKENEVA D.K. 
Published: December 2024

Representatives of the extensive genus Thymus (Th.) – Th. serpyllum and Th. vulgaris have an indescribable genetic diversity. We conducted scientific observations of 26 populations growing in the Bayanauli State National Nature Park (BSNNP) Pavlodar, Kazakhstan. Markers of simple repetitions of sequences were used. Of the 69 bands of Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers, 65 were polymorphic, indicating high genetic variability in the studied populations, and 4 were constitutive ISSR markers for all samples. As a result of the analysis, the studied populations of the genus Thymus can be divided into two main clusters with a noticeable genetic distance of 0.59. Samples of populations S15 and S20 show the greatest genetic similarity (0.85), followed by samples of populations S1 and S2 (0.83). The samples were grouped according to the place where they were collected. The analyzed ISSR markers provided sufficient polymorphism, which makes them a powerful and reliable molecular tool for detecting genetic variations and relationships.
Представители полукустарников обширного рода Thymus (Th.) – Th. serpyllum и Th. vulgaris обладают неописанным генетическим разнообразием. Мы провели научные наблюдения за 26 популяциями, произрастающими в Баянаульском государственном национальном природном парке (Павлодарcкая область, Казахстан). Были использованы маркеры простых повторов последовательностей. Из 69 полос ISSR (amplified fragment length polymorphism) маркеров 65 были полиморфными, что свидетельствует о высокой генетической изменчивости в исследуемых популяциях и 4 были конститутивными ISSR-маркерами для всех образцов. В результате анализа изученные популяции полукустарников рода Thymus можно разделить на два основных кластера с заметным генетическим расстоянием 0,59. Образцы популяций S15 и S20 демонстрируют наибольшее генетическое сходство (0,85), за ними следуют образцы популяций S1 и S2 (0,83). Образцы были сгруппированы в соответствии с местом их сбора. Проанализированные ISSR-маркеры обеспечили достаточный полиморфизм, что делает их мощным и надежным молекулярным инструментом для выявления генетических вариаций и взаимосвязей.
ХРОНОЛОГИЯ ТОВАРНО-ДЕНЕЖНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ В СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОМ ГОРОДЕ АСПАРА (ПО НУМИЗМАТИЧЕСКИМ МАТЕРИАЛАМ)
Authors: Петров П.Н. , Рогожинский А.Е. 
Published: December 2024

Целью статьи является введение в научный оборот нумизматического комплекса с городища Аспара (Казахстан), собранного в ходе археологических исследований 2021—2023 гг. Впервые с 1964 г. на памятнике обнаружены 43 монеты, 33 из которых поддаются атрибуции. Для оценки относительного уровня товарно-денежных отношений в средневековой Аспаре приводится сравнительный анализ нумизматического материала из средневекового г. Нузкет (городище Шиш-тобе в Кыргызстане). Установлено, что атрибутируемые монеты из Аспары относятся к таким государствам: Тюргешский каганат, Китай династии Тан, Саманиды, Восточный Караханидский каганат, держава каракитаев, Китай династии Северная Сун, Чагатаидское ханство, держава амира Тимура и Кокандское ханство. Монета Коканда отложилась на памятнике, когда город уже не существовал. Установлена принципиальная возможность начала активизации товарно-денежных отношений в Аспаре в VIII в. Выяснилось, что монетное обращение прерывалось трижды: первый раз в IX в., второй — с конца X по середину XI в., третий — со второго десятилетия XIII в. до начала XIV в. Товарно-денежные отношения прекращаются в начале XV века (видимо, после смерти амира Тимура). Имеющаяся нумизматическая информация задает больше вопросов, чем предоставляет ответов. Требуется дальнейшее изучение этого археологического памятника.
The purpose of the paper is to introduce the numismatic record from Aspara city-site (Kazakhstan) into scholarly discussion. The coins were collected during archaeological research in 2021—2023. For the first time since 1964, 43 coins were discovered, including 33 attributable finds. With the aim to assess the relative level of commodity-money relations in medieval Aspara, comparative analysis of numismatic record from the medieval city of Nuzket(Shish-tube city-site in Kyrgyzstan) was carried out. The attributable coins from Aspara belong to the following states: the Türgesh Qaghanate, the Tang dynasty, the Samanids dynasty, the Eastern Qarakhanid Qaghanate, the Qara Khitai, the Northern Song dynasty, the Chaghataid Khanate, the state of Amir Timur, and the Khoqand Khanate. The Khoqand coin was lost in Aspara when the city no longer existed. The authors have established the fundamental possibility of the beginning of the activation of commodity-money relations in Aspara in the 8th century. It was recorded that the coin circulation has been interrupted there at least three times: first in the 9th century, then from the late 10thto the mid-11th century, and finally from the second decade of the 13th to the early 14th century. Commodity-money relations ceased in the early 15th century (apparently, after the death of Amir Timur). There is a need for further study of this archaeological site.