bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes of Home-Based Palliative Care: An Advance Illness Management Program
Authors: Wallace Cara , Khoo Yit Mui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Prior studies have reported evidence that patients with chronic medical conditions benefit from home-based palliative care to manage symptoms. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an advanced illness management program provided by a visiting nurse agency. This program aims to reduce the burden of illness and to manage symptoms of patients who have difficulty leaving their home due to severity of their medical conditions. Data for this study were collected from patients who received home-based palliative care from the agency. Although the program has enrolled close to 500 patients from 2016 to 2019, the analytic sample for this study was restricted to patients enrolled between 2018 – 2019 who completed both baseline and follow-up assessments for three measures: Rapid Geriatric Assessment, Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale-Patient Version (IPOS), and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ; N=96, capturing 33.8% of eligible patients). Paired sample t-tests were used to compare the symptoms and health outcomes between baseline and follow-up assessments. Average age of the participants were 79.9 years. Results from the RGA measure showed that patients’ scores on frailty and sarcopenia were significantly lower at follow-up, indicating improvement. Comparison of scores between baseline and follow-up on the IPOS measure showed that patients experienced improvement in the following symptoms: pain, weakness, nausea, poor appetite, constipation, sore/dry mouth, drowsiness, and mobility. Findings suggest that palliative care services can effectively managed the symptoms and health outcomes of homebound chronically ill patients. Other implications include reduced emergency room visits and hospital admissions.
Home Health Agency Ownership and Quality of Care Outcomes Among Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Basu Rashmita , Luo Huabin , Wu Bei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Medicare restructured home healthcare reimbursement from a cost-basis to a 60- day risk-based prospective payment system (PPS) in 2000 to implement the value-based payment model for home healthcare services. Currently home healthcare market in the U.S. is dominated by the presence of for-profit (FP) agencies instead of being primarily served by not-for-profit (NFP) agencies. Using data from the 2016-2018 OASIS for beneficiaries participated in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) (N=6,115), the current study examines whether home health agency ownership status is associated with length of stay (LOS) and discharge outcome Medicare home health care patients. Our first outcome variable is discharge status (modeled via ordered probit) with three categories: discharge to the community, inpatient hospital and other long-term care facilities. The second outcome variable is LOS and two dummy variables LOS ≤ 30 days and LOS ≥ 99 days were modeled via binary probit. The key independent variable was the ownership status of the agency (FP vs. NFP). Patient level covariates includes demographics (age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status), comorbidity index, agency characteristics (metropolitan statistical area, hospital-based). Patients in FP agencies were 5.1% (p&lt;0.01) less likely to discharge to community, 15.3% (p&lt;0.001) less likely to have LOS ≤ 30 days but 7.5% (p&lt;0.001) more likely to have LOS ≥ 99 higher compared to patients from NFP agencies under the PPS. Our results have important implications for clinicians, patients and healthcare professionals to be cognizant about the influence of agency ownership on the delivery of healthcare services in home healthcare sector.
Workplace Demands and Cognitive Health Inequities Across Race and Ethnicity: A Scoping Review
Authors: Gonzales Ernest , Krutchen Rachel , Whetung Cliff , Lee Jane 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This PRISMA informed scoping review sought to understand the longitudinal association between workplace demands with cognitive health; and to review how race and ethnicity are investigated in this area of research and evidence of moderating effects. Peer-reviewed articles were drawn from five databases. Inclusion criteria were populations aged 18+, broad conceptualization of workplace demands (e.g., occupational complexity, mental work demands), and cognitive health outcomes (e.g., cognitive functioning, ADRD). The majority of studies drew from theories that did not interrogate heterogeneity and diverse aging experiences. Consequently, the majority of studies (85%) did not investigate inequities by race and ethnicity although variables and methods are available. Cognitive health inequities are evidenced but findings are mixed and more rigorous causal research is needed. We discuss integrating emerging critical theories (e.g. Critical Race Theory, critical gerontology, minority stress) to sharpen the focus on racial health inequities in an emerging area of prevention research.
Exploring Gender Differences in Volunteer Behavior Among Older Asian Americans
Authors: Lai Patrick Ho Lam , Matz Christina , Halvorsen Cal 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Prior research has documented the health and well-being effects of volunteerism in later life, and that positive outcomes increase in the first 100 volunteer hours/year and slightly increase between 100-200 hours. Given this, it seems that using an intersectional lens to explore disparities in volunteer behaviors and what might explain them is important from a health equity standpoint. Using data from 268,194 individuals aged 65-85 from the most recently available Volunteer Supplement of the Current Population Survey, this study found that White older adults were most likely to spend any time in volunteer activities, while Asian and Hispanic older adults were least, across all racial/ethnic groups. Further, the percentage of older Asian women volunteering in the 100-200 hour range (27%) was significantly higher than that of older Asian men (19%). Social and cultural factors that may explain these racial/gender differences and implications for recruiting older adults as volunteers are discussed.
Connecting Grandparent Caregivers Through Telemental Health During COVID-19
Authors: Lee Youjung , Bronstein Laura , Cook Kelley 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Since the COVID-19 outbreak, children and their caregivers throughout the world are experiencing unprecedented long-term social isolation. For too many, especially grandparent-headed families, underrepresented minorities, and those living in poverty, this precipitates and exacerbates mental health conditions including anxiety and depression. Despite these families’ increased needs for mental health services during the pandemic, professionals often lack experience and expertise in telemental health, which is a safe and effective way to provide these services. In this symposium, we will present a telemental health model for working with grandparent-headed families that draws upon Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), an evidence-based approach focusing on strengths. This SFBT-based telemental health training program prepares mental health professionals to implement this safe and innovative intervention, enabling them to effectively serve isolated and marginalized grandparent caregivers and their families when providing in-person services is not possible.
Variety of Identifying and Assessing Preferences of Everyday Living of Older Adults
Authors: Roes Martina , Van Haitsma Kimberly 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Identifying preference of older adults supports person-centred care. The most sophisticated instrument is the preference for everyday living inventory (PELI). The PELI has been translated into German language and tested in different care settings. For people who experience difficulties communicating their preference the PELI has been combined with photographs. The voice of older immigrants could lead to an enhancement of the PELI as well other preference tools. Thus, our symposium title: Variety of identifying and assessing preferences of everyday living of older adults. Our symposium includes four presentations: Dr. Bergmann will present data from a preference study in three different care settings (long-term care, nursing homes, adult day care) in Germany. The results indicate that the importance of certain preferences distinguishes between the care settings. Dr. Vanessa Burshnic will present data from her content validity study of photographs used to supplement the Preferences for Everyday Living Inventory-Nursing Home (PELI-NH) from the perspective of older adults. Content analysis revealed thematic codes describing participants’ photograph preferences including image quality, context, subject diversity, and relevance to long-term care. Mike Rommerskirch-Manietta will present results from a review to identify Instruments which can be used to assess preferences for everyday living of older adults. Interestingly instruments either represent multiple or only one domain. The study from Viktoria Peters-Nehrenheim does focus on preferences of older immigrants. She will present results how older immigrants (first generation) define preferences and how they can be assessed. Prof. Van Haitsma will be our discussant.
Instruments to Assess Preferences for Everyday Living of Older Adults With Various Care Needs: An Evidence Map
Authors: Rommerskirch-Manietta Mike , Purwins Daniel , Van Haitsma Kimberly , Abbott Katherine , Roes Martina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Instruments to identify and assess preferences for everyday living are important tools for health professionals. For research purposes, they appear equally essential, for example, to develop new care approaches based on the preferences of the older adults. So far, it seemed unknown which instruments already exist to identify and assess preferences for everyday living. Method: We conducted an evidence map to identify instruments, to understand how preferences are assessed and which instruments are focusing everyday living. Results: We plotted our results in the form of a bubble plot. We identified instruments that map multiple domains (e. g. function and leisure activities) or only one topic (e. g. food, personal hygiene or brightness). Preferences are assessed using direct questions, frequencies, sorting, stimuli, or even scores. Our results show the variety of how preferences are defined and the range of instruments to assess preferences for everyday living of older adults.
Preferences of Older Immigrants in Nursing Care: A Scoping Review
Authors: Peters-Nehrenheim Viktoria , Tezcan-Guentekin Huerrem , Roes Martina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Worldwide, our societies are characterized by an increasing diversity, greatly contributed by immigrants. When in need of care older immigrants face various barriers and serious challenges in terms of unmet preferences. To provide person-centered care, health care professionals need to consider the personal background of immigrants to identify and assess their individual preferences. Objective: To understand how preferences of older immigrants in nursing care are defined and how they can be assessed. Methods: A scoping review will be conducted to identify and analyze preferences of older immigrants across health care settings. Preliminary results: The literature search revealed that older immigrants in need of care define their preferences in terms of expectations and priorities. Differences among immigrants are related to the age of the person at the time of immigration, on cultural differences and/or on how the concepts of preferences in the country of origin is understood.
Comparing Nighttime to Rush Hour Avoidance as Initial Driving Self-Regulation Behaviors
Authors: Vivoda Jonathon , Molnar Lisa , Eby David , DiGuiseppi Carolyn , Jones Vanya , Li Guohua , Mielenz Thelma , Strogatz David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Aging is associated with an increase in avoidance of challenging driving situations (e.g., driving at night, during rush hour, on freeways, and in unfamiliar areas). Such avoidance behavior may be due to driving self-regulation (SR), an intentional response to perceived declining abilities, or it may be due to other factors such as lifestyle changes or preferences. Most previous research has not studied SR as the reason for avoidance, and has treated avoidance behaviors interchangeably. In addition, previous research has not differentiated one’s first SR behavior from those reported later in the process. This study included 1,557 participants from the AAA Longitudinal Research on Aging Drivers (LongROAD) to assess older adults’ initial self-regulatory behavior by comparing the frequency of nighttime, rush hour, freeway, and unfamiliar area avoidance among those who reported only one SR behavior. Nighttime SR was most common (58.8%), followed by rush hour (25.5%), unfamiliar areas (11.0%), and freeways (4.8%). Binary logistic regression was used to assess how demographics, function, and self-reported driving variables were related to different odds of reporting nighttime vs. rush hour avoidance (the two most common) as one’s initial SR behavior. Higher odds of reporting nighttime avoidance (compared to rush hour) as one’s initial SR behavior were related to female gender, low income, impaired visual acuity, better self-reported ability to see during the day, worse self-reported ability to see at night, less comfort driving at night, and more comfort driving during rush hour, and in unfamiliar areas.
Co-Designing a Social Connections Program With Older Adults
Authors: Emery-Tiburcio Erin , Chandy Jasmine , Stanley Padraic , Rodriguez-Morales Grisel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Loneliness presents a higher risk for mortality than smoking 15 cigarettes per day. COVID-19 has exacerbated loneliness for many older adults, without access to family, friends, and community. Friendly caller programs utilizing volunteers to talk with older adults who are lonely can be helpful, providing much-needed contact. However, few lasting connections have formed in these programs. To enhance our social connections program, we systematically engaged a group of older adults who struggle with social isolation to co-design a program to meet their needs. This group met virtually twice for two hours to (1) identify contributors to their isolation, generate ideas for ideal program components, and how best to connect older adults to each other; and (2) to refine the multi-component program created by staff based on the first discussion. Group process and themes will be presented, along with a discussion of key issues in program co-design with older adults.
Dementia-Friendly America Recognition: Strategies for Urban, African American Communities
Authors: Washington Tarisha , Frick Susan , Shah Raj 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dementia-Friendly America is a network of communities across the United States who have committed to a process to support people living with dementia and their caregivers. Through technical support from Dementia Friendly Illinois, CATCH-ON, a HRSA Geriatric Workforce Engagement Program, has identified key characteristics for the 17 communities in Illinois achieving national recognition and for communities that have engaged but not yet achieved national recognition. In addition to communities in rural regions, urban communities with a large number of African Americans residents have necessitated more grassroots engagement than other communities. Partnerships are vital for providing information and education about the movement and for supporting multi-sectoral engagement. This presentation highlights barriers and facilitators in diverse communities, particularly urban African American communities, becoming recognized by Dementia Friendly America.
Rush@Home: Home-Based Primary Care Focused on Underserved Communities and Health Equity
Authors: Golden Robyn , Rackman Alexander , Davis Elizabeth , Santana Leticia , Rosenberg Walter 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Homebound patients are often medically complex and are among those in greatest need of care and services. This is especially true for those that reside in underserved communities, where they face the added risk stemming from scarce community resources. Often these patients are only able to access health care for emergencies, which is ineffective and high cost. Rush@Home is a home-based primary care program that exemplifies the Age-Friendly Health System mission with a focus on the 4Ms, incorporating navigation and social work. Patients reflect the West Side of Chicago, with 80% of patients identifying as Black and/or Latino. During the first two years, Rush@Home demonstrated better care at a lower cost with readmission rates decreased by 11.8%, hospitalizations by 17.5%, length of stay by 8.7%, ED visits by 17.9%, and missed appointments by 72%. This presentation will highlight outcomes and discuss key issues in home-based primary care.
Resident and Family Engagement in Care Conferences: Important Processes and Supporting Strategies
Authors: Roberts Tonya , Cox Elizabeth , Tran Thuy Dan , Tepsa Hannah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Self-determination is a core value of person-centered care. Research has shown residents and families want to be involved in decisions about care. Care conferences are one existing structure where residents and families can engage in decision-making about care goals. However, there are few tools to support effective engagement. To inform future tool development, this study sought to understand what resident and family stakeholders value about engaging in care conferences. In virtual meetings, 16 stakeholders identified 3 key areas of engagement: being informed about health/well-being, influencing care goals, and advocating for needs. They indicated current approaches do not achieve these engagement goals, which is particularly problematic during COVID when families cannot engage in person. Stakeholders offered ideas for supporting engagement such as provision of data before the conference. The study has implications for individualizing care conferences and encouraging resident and family engagement in decision-making both during and beyond COVID.
COVID-19 and Person-Centered Care: Lessons Learned Through a Statewide Program for Nursing Homes
Authors: Cornelison Laci , Kaup Migette 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Frail elders in nursing homes are the highest risk group for developing complications of COVID-19. This lead to a response from CMS and state regulators that was heavily focused on protection and safety through segregation and infection control. The purpose of this study was to gather the narrative of this pandemic response and understand the impact on person-centered care and be able to address provider needs in real-time. This qualitative method focused on nursing home providers who are a part of PEAK 2.0, a Medicaid pay-for-performance program in Kansas. Interviews with nursing home staff (n=168) revealed two critical themes of need; mandated responses disregarded elders’ autonomy and self-determination in decision making, and infection control strategies required new approaches to facets of resident care that still maintained dignity. This data, along with COVID-19 guidance were then used to inform feasible resource development and education to maintain PCC practices during the pandemic.
Creating 'This is It' Moments in Gerontological Education
Authors: Brown Candace 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We all have had “this is it” moments. And while many gerontologists will say they "fell" into the field, I solicit that educational paths are set before us and we have choice to which path that we take. Paths provide opportunities for discoveries about ourselves and in the case of gerontology, we have a breadth of choices. This is how I view teaching and why developing new courses in the field are a necessity. Change is constant; creating new paths for opportunities is optional. This lecture will provide how, as an educator, I accept my 'this is it' moments so I can effectively foster students to recognize their own 'this is it' moment(s) within gerontological education.
Evaluating a Multidisciplinary Team Approach to Elder Abuse
Authors: Morano Carmen , Berical Erin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper presents findings from a University and Community-based Agency collaboration to design and implement a preliminary evaluation of the Elder Abuse Multidisciplinary Team (E-MDT) Intervention. This intervention brings professionals from a variety of fields to investigate and respond to elder abuse. Data from 22 Interviews with staff along with anonymous survey data from E-MDT team members/staff (n=312) sought to establish team successes, challenges in implementation, and ongoing functioning. Themes that emerged in creating successful teams include: Establishing Buy-In and Trust of the team members, The Benefit of sharing experience and practical knowledge with other program sites; and Recognizing the Differences related to Onboarding and Sustaining New programs versus Sustaining Existing Programs. Themes related to responding during COVID revealed challenges such as Adapting to Technology and Inconsistent Access to the Internet. It was noted that remote meetings were easier to attend than face-to-face meetings. Data from the survey found the vast majority of respondents view the E-MDTs as having a positive impact on Clients (93%); while 93% of respondents indicated a positive impact on their Approach to Practice and the service area of their agency. Approximately 80% of the respondents indicated their multidisciplinary teams were Effective. Responses to 3-Open Ended questions included in the survey echoed similar themes from the interviews, as well as comments about their Professional Development and the complexity of responding to elder abuse. The paper will close with a discussion of the strategies used to facilitate the collaboration and complete the evaluation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Experiencing the COVID-19 Pandemic at Age 85 and Over: An MIT AgeLab Study With the 85+ Lifestyle Leaders Panel
Authors: Patskanick Taylor , D'Ambrosio Lisa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The oldest of older adults remain at the highest risk of developing severe illness, requiring hospitalization, or dying if infected with COVID-19. As a result, the discourse about the COVID-19 pandemic has centered on short-term sacrifices to “protect” older adults. Yet much remains to be known about the prolonged impact of the pandemic on the over-85 age demographic. This symposium shares findings from a longitudinal, mixed methods study with the MIT AgeLab’s 85+ Lifestyle Leaders panel, a panel of octogenarians and nonagenarians convened since 2015. This symposium offers an update to a 2020 GSA session shared regarding the initial, cross-sectional work conducted in March 2020 with this panel. Findings will be drawn from a series of 85 interviews with 15 participants, 14 focus groups (x̅ participants=19.3), and three surveys (March 2020, N=28; August 2020, N=18; November 2020, N=16) conducted with the panel regarding the impact of the pandemic on this group over the past year. The first presentation covers the Lifestyle Leaders’ adoption and use of technology throughout the pandemic, with a focus on telehealth. The second takes an in-depth look at the unique lived experiences of Lifestyle Leaders living in senior housing communities during the pandemic. The third explores the Lifestyle Leaders’ perspectives on cultivating resilience and caring for their mental health while in a pandemic. Finally, the fourth presentation shares the Lifestyle Leaders’ experiences with social isolation and loneliness during the pandemic, with a focus on how family relationships and engagement in intergenerational programming have changed.