bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical Challenges during Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Adenocarcinoma Head of Pancreas in Presence of Intestinal Rotation Abnormalities: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Desai Gunjan S. , Singh Sandip , Pande Prasad M. , Wagle Prasad K. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose Pancreaticoduodenenctomy is a complex surgery and the sequence of steps is affected by anatomical variations involving small intestine and major vascular structures. This article depicts our approach to two such cases and highlights the importance of identifying these variations preoperatively on imaging, so as to modify the surgery plan accordingly.
Cases We report following two cases of pancreatic head adenocarcinoma (1) one with incomplete intestinal rotation with a replaced right hepatic artery and (2) one with intestinal nonrotation. In both cases, the small bowel was aggregated on the right side of the abdomen, making duodenal mobilization challenging. The surgical approach was modified to prevent injury to these vessels. A superior mesenteric artery (SMA)-first approach helped in early isolation of vascular structures especially when vascular anomaly was also present. Interbowel adhesiolysis, limited kocherisation, tracing all vessels to its origin before division, paracolic anastomotic limb after a longer jejunal limb resection in nonrotation cases, and modification in retropancreatic tunnel creation are few of the key surgical adaptations.
Conclusion Asymptomatic Intestinal malrotation is rare in adults and must be identified on preoperative imaging. Resultant intestinal and vascular anatomical variations need meticulous surgical planning and modification of conventional surgical approach for safe performance of PD.
Time-Resolved Magnetic Resonance Angiography for Follow-Up of Treated Dural and Epidural Spinal Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Vercelli Giovanni Giulio , Venturi Fabrizio , Minardi Massimiliano , Cofano Fabio , Zenga Francesco , Bergui Mauro , Garbossa Diego 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Spinal arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are uncommon vascular malformations of spinal dural and epidural vessels. Actually digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard for diagnosis and follow-up. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the validity of the multiphasic magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to identify recurrent/residual AVFs or their correct surgical and/or endovascular closure.
Methods A retrospective cases series with perimedullary venous plexus congestion due to spinal dural or epidural AVF was performed at our center from April 2014 to September 2019. After 1 month from treatment, the patients were subjected to time-resolved MRA and DSA to demonstrate recurrence or correct closure of AVFs.
Results We collected a series of 26 matched time-resolved MRA and DSA in 20 patients who underwent an endovascular and/or surgical procedure. In our series, we reported five cases of recurrence. Time-resolved MRA detected six cases of recurrence, with 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity (p < 0.001). We used DSA as the standard reference.
Conclusion Time-resolved MRA is a valid tool in posttreatment follow-up to detect recurrent or residual AVFs. It has high sensitivity and specificity and may replace DSA.
Neutrophil:lymphocyte and estradiol:progesterone ratios as predictive markers for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)
Authors: Baser Emre , Aydogan Kirmizi Demet , Ozelci Runa , Aldemir Oya , Dilbaz Berna , Dilbaz Serdar , Moraloglu Tekin Ozlem 
Published: December 2021

This study was based on the pathophysiology of the disease and aimed at predicting ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) by determining the importance of ratios obtained from the inflammatory process associated with oestradiol and progesterone in recent years. Out of 242 infertile women who underwent assisted reproductive therapy, 59 patients who developed OHSS were taken as the study group, while the remaining 122 normo-responder (NR) and 61 hyper-responder (HR) patients constituted the control group. The neutrophil to lymphocyte (NLR) and oestradiol/progesterone (EPR) ratios were found to be statistically significantly higher in the OHSS group (P < 0.001). A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the NLR (OR = 2.410, P = 0.001) and EPR (OR = 1.701, P = 0.028) were independent predictors for the development of OHSS. In conclusion, in OHSS inadequate progesterone levels may inhibit suppression of the exaggerated inflammatory process caused by high E2 levels, and NLR and EPR can be used to predict the development of OHSS in patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation during in vitro fertilisation cycles.
Amphiphilic proteins coassemble into multiphasic condensates and act as biomolecular surfactants
Authors: Kelley Fleurie M. , Favetta Bruna , Regy Roshan Mammen , Mittal Jeetain , Schuster Benjamin S. 
Published: December 2021

SignificanceMembraneless organelles are assemblies of highly concentrated biomolecules that condense through liquid–liquid phase separation. One major question in the field is how proteins assemble into multilayered condensates. Understanding mechanisms of formation of these systems is important for understanding the function and regulation of multiphasic organelles, such as P granules and nucleoli. A second outstanding question is how the size of biomolecular condensates is controlled. In this work, we generated amphiphilic proteins that localize to the surface of condensates. We observed diverse assemblies, including condensates enveloped by surfactant-like films, as well as complex multiphasic morphologies. In some configurations, these surfactant-like proteins influence condensate size. Our results suggest an important role of protein amphiphiles in establishing membraneless organelle structure and function.
Recurrent high-impact mutations at cognate structural positions in class A G protein-coupled receptors expressed in tumors
Authors: Huh Eunna , Gallion Jonathan , Agosto Melina A. , Wright Sara J. , Wensel Theodore G. , Lichtarge Olivier 
Published: December 2021

Significance
GPCRs and GPCR pathways are increasingly being implicated in human malignancies, placing them among the most promising cancer drug candidates. Our results reveal enrichment of highly impactful, recurrent GPCR mutations within cancers. We found that cognate mutations in selected class A GPCRs have deleterious effects on signaling function. The results also suggest that olfactory receptors, often considered inconsequential, display a nonrandom mutation pattern in tumors in which they are expressed. These findings support the idea that protein paralogs can act in parallel as members of an onco-group.
Direct visualization of a static incommensurate antiferromagnetic order in Fe-doped Bi
2
Sr
2
CaCu
2
O
8+δ
Authors: Wan Siyuan , Li Huazhou , Choubey Peayush , Gu Qiangqiang , Li Han , Yang Huan , Eremin Ilya M. , Gu Genda , Wen Hai-Hu 
Published: December 2021

Significance
The pairing mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity, especially in cuprates, remains as the most challenging issue in condensed matter physics. The antiferromagnetic (AF) order/correlation is supposed to be important for inducing pairing and superconductivity. In this paper, we report the observation of a static incommensurate AF order by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope in Fe-doped Bi2212 with a nearly optimally doped state of superconductivity. The local incommensurate AF order can be directly visualized in regions with some Fe impurities. Our measurements provide a basis to study the interplay between superconductivity and AF spin fluctuations in cuprates.
Symmetric activation and modulation of the human calcium-sensing receptor
Authors: Park Jinseo , Zuo Hao , Frangaj Aurel , Fu Ziao , Yen Laura Y. , Zhang Zhening , Mosyak Lidia , Slavkovich Vesna N. , Liu Jonathan , Ray Kimberly M. , Cao Baohua , Vallese Francesca , Geng Yong , Chen Shaoxia , Grassucci Robert , Dandey Venkata P. , Tan Yong Zi , Eng Edward , Lee Yeji , Kloss Brian , Liu Zheng , Hendrickson Wayne A. , Potter Clinton S. , Carragher Bridget , Graziano Joseph , Conigrave Arthur D. , Frank Joachim , Clarke Oliver B. , Fan Qing R. 
Published: December 2021

Significance
The human calcium-sensing receptor maintains a stable concentration of calcium in the blood. Naturally occurring mutations in the receptor are linked to calcium homeostatic disorders including hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia. Modulation of the receptor function can provide therapeutic relief of these conditions. The structures of the calcium-sensing receptor in the absence and presence of various allosteric modulators reveal the mechanism by which these modifiers up- or down-regulate receptor function. We have captured symmetric forms of the homodimeric receptor both at rest and upon stimulation and concluded that receptor activation involves a conformational change at its dimer interface. The structural details of the calcium-sensing receptor in different functional states may assist the design of new therapeutics for diseases related to calcium homeostasis.
Translating (political) religious and secularist worldviews in a post-secular age
Authors: Basalamah Salah 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInspired by the works of François Burgat, Jürgen Habermas and Jean-Marc Ferry, this paper addresses the notions of the religious, the political, the radical/extreme, the conservative, the secular and the social as the objects of an extended conception of translation that defines translation as a mode of intercomprehension between competing or adversary groups within a single or among diverse societies. Shifting focus away from textual manipulations, it conceives of translation as a form of active engagement in social and discursive negotiations and explores translation as it brings about change in the dynamics of intergroup and intercultural relations.
Particle motion in circularly polarized vacuum pp waves
Authors: Zhang P M , Elbistan M , Horvathy P A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Bialynicki-Birula and Charzynski argued that a gravitational wave emitted during the merger of a black hole binary may be approximated by a circularly polarized wave which may in turn trap particles (Bialynicki-Birula and Charzynski 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett.
121 171101). In this paper we consider particle motion in a class of gravitational waves which includes, besides circularly polarized periodic waves (CPP) (Stephani et al 2003 Exact Solutions of Einstein’s Field Equations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)), also the one proposed by Lukash V N (1975 Sov. Phys. JETP
40 792; 1974 Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.
67 1594–1608; 1974 Astr. Zh.
51 281; 1976 Nuovo Cimento B 35 208) to study anisotropic cosmological models. Both waves have a seven-parameter conformal symmetry which contains, in addition to the generic five-parameter (broken) Carroll group, also a 6th isometry. The Lukash spacetime can be transformed by a conformal rescaling of time to a perturbed CPP problem. Bounded geodesics, found both analytically and numerically, arise when the Lukash wave is of Bianchi type VI. Their symmetries can also be derived from the Lukash–CPP relation. Particle trapping is discussed.
Cauchy and Goursat problems for the generalized spin zero rest-mass equations on Minkowski spacetime
Authors: Xuan Pham Truong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study the Cauchy and Goursat problems of the spin-n/2 zero rest-mass equations on Minkowski spacetime by using the conformal geometric method. In our strategy, we prove the wellposedness of the Cauchy problem in Einstein’s cylinder. Then we establish pointwise decays of the fields and prove the energy equalities of the conformal fields between the null conformal boundaries

I

±

and the hypersurface

Σ

0

=

t
=
0

. Finally, we prove the wellposedness of the Goursat problem in the partial conformal compactification by using the energy equalities and the generalisation of Hörmander’s result.
Addendum: Considerations about the incompleteness of the Ehrenfest’s theorem in quantum mechanics (2021 Eur. J. Phys.
42 065405)
Authors: Giordano Domenico , Amodio Pierluigi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We describe the analytical solution of the eigenvalue problem introduced in our article mentioned in the title and relative to a punctiform electric charge confined in an one-dimensional box in the presence of an electric field. We also derive and discuss the analytical expressions of the external forces acting on the punctiform charge and associated with the boundaries of the one-dimensional box in the presence of the electric field.
The influence of a second ground electrode on hydrogen peroxide production from an atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet and correlation to antibacterial efficacy and mammalian cell cytotoxicity
Authors: Ghimire Bhagirath , Patenall Bethany L , Szili Endre J , Gaur Nishtha , Lamichhane Pradeep , Thet Naing T , Trivedi Dhruv , Jenkins Andrew Toby A , Short Robert D 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study investigates how addition of a 2nd ground electrode in an argon plasma jet influences the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in deionised water (DIW). Briefly, plasma is ignited by purging argon gas through a quartz tube at 1 l min−1 and applying a sinusoidal voltage of 7 kV (peak–peak) at 23.5 kHz to a high voltage stainless steel needle electrode sealed inside the quartz tube surrounded by one or two copper ring(s) that served as the ground electrode(s) situated downstream of the high voltage electrode. The mechanisms of H2O2 production are investigated through the electrical and optical plasma properties and chemical analysis of the treated DIW. We discover that the addition of a 2nd ground electrode results in higher accumulation of charges on the inner wall surface of the quartz tube of the plasma jet assembly resulting in an increase in the discharge current and dissipated power. This further leads to an increase in the electron temperature that more than doubles the H2O2 production through dissociative recombination of water vapour molecules, whilst still maintaining a biological tissue tolerable gas temperature. The double ground electrode plasma jet is shown to be highly effective at reducing the growth of common wound pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) in both planktonic and biofilm states whilst inducing a low level of cytotoxicity in HaCaT keratinocyte skin-like cells under certain conditions. The information provided in this study is useful in understanding the complex physicochemical processes that influence H2O2 production in plasma jets, which is needed to optimise the development of plasma sources for clinical applications.
Vibrational modes and crystallographic structure of Cd3As2 and (Cd1-x
Zn
x
)3As2 epilayers
Authors: Fluegel B , Rice A D , Alberi K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Low-temperature Raman scattering is used to study the crystal structure of molecular-beam epitaxially grown layers of the Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 and its related alloy (Cd1-x
Zn
x
)3As2. The combination of narrow-linewidth spectra, multiple growth directions and full polarization analysis allows improved accuracy in identifying the irreducible representation of over 57 Raman-active vibrations. Several disagreements with previous identifications are found. Structurally, the results agree with the centrosymmetric I41/acd space group of bulk-grown Cd3As2 and are clearly distinct from the Raman spectra of nanoscale platelets and wires. Three-fold twinning is seen in (112) Cd3As2 grown on (111) zincblende substrates corresponding to the three possible tetragonal orientations. In dilute (Cd1-x
Zn
x
)3As2, phonons have a frequency and scattering amplitude dependence on Zn concentration that is continuous with Cd3As2 but at least one frequency is absent at the alloy endpoint, preventing a simple one-mode description of the alloy phonon.
Electronic structure modification in Fe-substituted β-Ga2O3 from resonant photoemission and soft x-ray absorption spectroscopies
Authors: Ghosh Sahadeb , Nand Mangla , Kamparath Rajiv , Gupta Mukul , Phase D M , Jha S N , Singh S D , Ganguli Tapas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Oriented thin films of β-(Ga1−x
Fe
x
)2O3 were deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on c-Al2O3 and GaN substrates. The itinerant character of the Fe 3d states forming the top of the valence band (VB) of the Fe-substituted β-Ga2O3 thin films has been determined from resonant photoelectron spectroscopy. Further, the admixture of the itinerant and localized characters of these Fe 3d states has been obtained for larger binding energies; i.e. deeper in the VB. The bottom of the conduction band (CB) for β-(Ga1−x
Fe
x
)2O3 has been also found to have strongly hybridized states involving Fe 3d and O 2p states compared to that of Ga 4s in pristine β-Ga2O3. This suggests that β-Ga2O3 transforms from a band-like system to a charge-transfer system with Fe substitution. Furthermore, the bandgap red shifts with Fe composition, which has been found to be primarily related to the shift of the CB edge.
Recent advances in THz detectors based on semiconductor structures with quantum confinement: a review
Authors: Yachmenev A E , Khabibullin R A , Ponomarev D S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Beginning from the 1990s, an ever-lasting interest in the terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and THz instruments has produced wide progress in the development of high-speed THz detectors. The constantly growing requirements aimed at the increase of spectral resolution, sensitivity, and acquisition rate of THz detectors have attracted much attention in this field. In the present review, we summarize the most recent advances in the THz photodetectors based on semiconductor structures with quantum confinement of an electron gas. Their main advantages over existing detectors are fast response time, increased spectral resolution, and multicolor operation thanks to the variability of their designs and band structure engineering. These all allow for using them in various important applications such as single photon detection, THz heterodyne detection, continuous monitoring of toxic gases, THz free space communications and radio astronomy.
A highly stable temperature sensor based on Au/Cu/n-Si Schottky barrier diodes dependent on the inner metal thickness
Authors: Efeoğlu Hasan , Turut Abdulmecit 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe have fabricated Au/n-Si (D1), Au/Cu/n-Si (D2), Au/Cu(4 nm)/n-Si (D3) and Au/Cu(2 nm)/n-Si (D4) Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs). The thickness of the Cu Schottky contact (SC) films for diodes D2, D3 and D4 was chosen as 100, 4 and 2 nm, respectively. We investigated the thermal sensitivity from the voltage–temperature (V–T) characteristics of the SBDs at different current levels. TheV–Tmeasurements were done in the temperature range from 10 to 320 K with steps of 2 K at different current levels from 50 nA to 141.70µA. TheV–Tcurves showed a good degree of linearity for all SBDs. The slope dV/dT =α(αis the thermal sensitivity coefficient) for each diode decreased with increasing current from 50 nA to 141.70µA. However, the SBDs with a Cu SC had approximately the sameαvalue independent of metal thickness at the same current level. That is, the value of the thermal sensitivity coefficient changed from approximately 2.48 mV K−1at 50 nA to 1.82 at 141.70µA for the SBDs with a Cu SC independent of metal thickness. Furthermore, theαversus current level plots of the diodes exhibited a linear behavior. The interceptα0and slope dα/dIvalues of theαversus current level plots were obtained as 2.80 mV K−1and −0.0843 mV A–1K−1for D2, and 2.85 mV K−1and −0.092 mV A–1K−1for D3 and 2.83 mV K−1and −0.0876 mV A–1K−1for D4. These values are very close to each other and the difference between the slope (dα/dI) values is small enough to be neglected.
Electronic properties of TaAs2 topological semimetal investigated by transport and ARPES
Authors: Wadge Ashutosh S , Grabecki Grzegorz , Autieri Carmine , Kowalski Bogdan J , Iwanowski Przemysław , Cuono Giuseppe , Islam M F , Canali C M , Dybko Krzysztof , Hruban Andrzej , Łusakowski Andrzej , Wojciechowski Tomasz , Diduszko Ryszard , Lynnyk Artem , Olszowska Natalia , Rosmus Marcin , Kołodziej J , Wiśniewski Andrzej 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We have performed electron transport and angle-resolved photo-emission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements on single crystals of transition metal dipnictide TaAs2 cleaved along the (

2

¯

01) surface which has the lowest cleavage energy. A Fourier transform of the Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations shows four different peaks whose angular dependence was studied with respect to the angle between magnetic field and the [

2

¯

01] direction. The results indicate elliptical shape of the Fermi surface cross-sections. Additionally, a mobility spectrum analysis was carried out, which also reveals at least four types of carriers contributing to the conductance (two kinds of electrons and two kinds of holes). ARPES spectra were taken on freshly cleaved (

2

¯

01) surface and it was found that bulk states pockets at constant energy surface are elliptical, which confirms the magnetotransport angle dependent studies. First-principles calculations support the interpretation of the experimental results. The theoretical calculations better reproduce the ARPES data if the theoretical Fermi level (FL) is increased, which is due to a small n-doping of the samples. This shifts the FL closer to the Dirac point, allowing investigating the physics of the Dirac and Weyl points, making this compound a platform for the investigation of the Dirac and Weyl points in three-dimensional materials.
In-process range-resolved interferometric (RRI) 3D layer height measurements for wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM)
Authors: Hallam Jonathan M , Kissinger Thomas , Charrett Thomas O H , Tatam Ralph P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work a range resolved interferometry (RRI) instrument for absolute distance measurements is integrated into a wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) system to provide in-process monitoring of layer height, and prospects for volume and profile monitoring are discussed. In this experiment titanium feedstock was used to create a 150 mm long, 13.5 mm high wall comprised of 11 WAAM deposited layers. The RRI in-process measurements are in very good agreement (

<

0.05 mm) with both mid-process, on-machine micrometre measurements taken by hand after each WAAM deposition, and post-process laser scanning measurements of the completed wall. The high depth of field allows direct referencing of the layer height measurements to the build plate making the measurement independent of the motion system and build plate bending, considerably lowering uncertainties. This, together with the capability for cost-effective in-process measurements in harsh environments, should make the proposed approach very interesting for routine use in WAAM systems.