bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Dust Structure nearby Asymptotic Giant Branch Star using IRAS Survey
Authors: Gautam Sujan Prasad , Silwal Ashok , Khanal Manish , Jha Ajay Kumar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study performed an investigation of a dust environment, in the far-infrared bands (60 and 100 µm) of Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) survey, using the Sky View Virtual Observatory (https://skyview.gsfc.nasa.gov/current/). A far-infrared cavity structure (depression in the far-infrared background emission) of major diameter ∼ 61.8 pc and minor diameter ∼ 46.5 pc, in the sky coordinate, R.A. (J2000) = 21h 32m 44.47s and Dec. (J2000) = +55d 15m 16.8s, at a distance ∼ 3.58 kpc was found to lie around a carbon-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch star. We studied the temperature and mass of the dust, radiation intensity distribution, visual extinction, and far-infrared spectral distribution of the cavity structure using the softwares Aladin v2.5, SalsaJ, and ORIGIN 8.5. The range of temperature of dust was observed between 22.24 ± 0.81 K to 23.27 ± 0.21 K, and the entire mass of the cavity was determined to be 2.19 × 1031 kg. In addition, the ﬂuctuating nature of the dust color temperature and Planck function was observed along major and minor diameters of the structure. Moreover, an opposite relationship of dust color temperature and visual extinction was found within the structure. Finally, from the far-infrared spectral distribution, abrupt reduction at 60 µm ﬂux rather than a continual increase was observed, the connection between the AGB wind and the ambient interstellar medium could be the possible reason behind this. Our results obey the similar trends obtained for the other cavity structures in the previous studies; these ﬁndings validate the existing results for a new cavity structure around AGB star within the galactic coordinate -6o < b < +6o.
New Multistrain Bacterial Consortium for Feed Probiotics
Authors: Volkova Galina , Serba Elena 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Multistrain probiotics often include biocompatible strains, which leads to suppression of microbial viability and, as a result, decreases their efficacy. Therefore, new probiotics should be based on well-matched strains with no antagonism.
Study objects and methods. The research featured strains of lactic and propionic acid bacteria from the VNIIPBT collection. The method of direct co-cultivation on dense medium (drop technique) was used to assess the biocompatibility of lactic acid bacteria. Antagonism was detected visually based on signs of suppression after 24 and 48 h after the onset of incubation. Antagonism of the consortia was assessed by the Romanovich method.
Results and discussion. The screening resulted in seven promising strains with the specific growth rate of 0.32–0.84 h–1 and the maximum population density ≤ 2.2 billion CFU/cm3. A set of experiments on the strain adaptation mechanisms revealed combinations of strains with the lowest antagonism and competition for the substrate. The research resulted in a four-component consortium of Lactobacillus plantarum 314/8, Lactobacillus helveticus R0052/6, Enterococcus faecium B-2240D, and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii 103/27. The optimal ratio was the one where the cultures were present in equal proportions. The study also described the biosynthetic properties of the consortium and the ratio of the strains in its composition. The consortium demonstrated a balanced growth, good strain compatibility, and absence of antagonism. The cultivation mode was tested anaerobically on milk whey at 37°C for 24 h (strain ratio = 1:1:1:1).
Conclusion. The new consortium proved suitable for industrial production of feed probiotics.
Ultrasonic Dehydration of Food Products with Moisture Removal without Phase Transition
Authors: Shalunov Andrey , Khmelev Vladimir , Terentiev Sergey , Nesterov Viktor , Golykh Roman 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Dehydration of heat-sensitive and easily oxidized food products require particular temperatures. Exposure to ultrasonic vibrations is an alternative dehydration method that presupposes moderate thermal treatment. The research objective was to identify the optimal range of sound pressure and to design a small-volume dryer.
Study objects and methods. The study featured two novel ultrasonic potato dryers at t = 60 ± 1°C and a drying agent flow rate of 0.50 ± 0.03 m/s.
Results and discussion. The analysis of the drying curves revealed a period of constant flow rate at a low ultrasonic exposure and its absence at a high level of exposure of ≥ 160 dB, which indicated the start of the ultrasonic dispersion process of liquid from the potato surface. The dispersion occurred due to cavitation spraying of liquid without phase transition, which significantly reduced energy consumption. As the sound pressure increased in the range from 150 to 165 dB, the drying speed increased up to 26% by 5 dB. The optimal range of the sound pressure was 160–165 dB, which optimally combined energy consumption and drying time. The research resulted in two 6 kg horizontal and vertical drum dryers that provided even ultrasonic exposure during drying.
Conclusion. The convective ultrasonic potato drum dryers reduced the drying time by 44–47%
Callus cultures of Thymus vulgaris and Trifolium pratense as a source of geroprotectors
Authors: Dyshlyuk Lyubov , Fedorova Anastasiya , Loseva Anna , Eremeeva Natalya 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Geroprotectors are biologically active substances that inhibit the aging process. Many plant species are natural geroprotectors. For instance, Thymus vulgaris and Trifolium pratense are callus cultures with strong geroprotective properties.
Study objects and methods. The present research featured T. vulgaris and T. pratense grown in vitro on various nutrient media. Their extracts were obtained by aqueous-alcoholic extraction using the following parameters: water-ethanol solvent Se = 30, 50, and 70 %; temperature Te = 30, 50, and 70°C; time τe = 2, 4, and 6 h. The quantitative and qualitative analysis was based on high-performance liquid mass spectrometry, gas mass spectrometry, and thin-layer chromatography.
Results and discussion. The optimal extraction parameters for T. vulgaris were τe = 4 h, Te = 50°C, Se = 70 %, for T. pratense – τe = 6 h, Te = 70°C, Se = 70 %. The chromatography detected flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, simple phenols, higher fatty acids, mono- and sesquiterpenes, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. T. vulgaris appeared to have the highest content of thymol (23.580 ± 1.170 mg/mL); its thymol, apigenin, gallic, chlorogenic, and caffeic components demonstrated geroprotective properties. The extract of T. pratense possessed the highest rutin content (10.05 ± 0.35 mg/mL), and it owed its geroprotective characteristics to rutin, chlorogenic and p-coumaric acids.
Conclusion. The callus cultures of T. vulgaris and T. pratense proved to be promising sources of geroprotective biologically active substances.
Potential Benefits of Phytochemicals for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Hosseini Azar , Penson Peter E. , Cicero Arrigo F.G. , Golledge Jonathan , Al-Rasadi Khalid , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a leading cause of
death in older adults due to aortic rupture. There are currently no effective medical therapies
for AAA, with surgery being the only acceptable treatment. There is frequently an
extended period between AAA diagnosis and treatment by corrective surgery, during
which an effective drug therapy could prevent or delay the need for AAA repair. Objective:
This review aimed to critically summarize prior research investigating the potential
benefits of phytochemicals in preventing or treating AAA.

Methods:
In vitro, in vivo, and human studies examining the effect of phytochemicals in
AAA models and patients were critically summarised.

Results:
Some preliminary data support the further investigation of curcumin, radix astragali,
grape seed polyphenols, resveratrol, Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761),
Ginsenoide Rb1, Dan Hong, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Baicalein, Fucoidan, Quercetin,
and Salvianolic acid as potential treatments for AAA.

Conclusion:
Experimental in vivo and in vitro studies suggest the potential benefits of a
number of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals in preventing or reducing the progression
of AAA. In order to assess whether these findings can be translated into proven treatments,
adequately designed double-blind randomized clinical trials will be required.
An Overview on Physico-chemical Characteristics and Postharvest Treatments of Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)
Authors: Devi Suman , Mishra Pragya , Gupta Ena , Prakash Har G. 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Litchi chinensis is an evergreen and arboreal tree with grey-black bark,
shiny branches, and deep green lanceolate dense round shape leaves. The litchi peel is very thin
and rigid and comes out easily, revealing jelly-like white color pulp with excellent flavor due
to sugar and acid content. Litchi is an excellent source of antioxidants, vitamin C, vitamin Bcomplex
and flavonoids that help in the prevention of chronic diseases.

Aim:
The quality of litchi fruit is generally estimated by aroma volatiles, color, physicochemical
parameters, and fruit composition (minerals and vitamins). Worldwide, the concern is rising
regarding the use of sulfating agents in vegetables and fresh fruits. Therefore, there is a requirement
of declaration from U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations for its acceptable
levels as sulfur dioxide (SO2) is officially defined as a pesticide that is nowadays used as a
fumigant for litchi.

Conclusion:
This review summarizes the outcome of diverse post-harvest treatments, types of
packaging, storage period and their effects on physicochemical characters, sensory evaluation,
quality retention, and changes during storage of litchi fruit, along with exploring suitable alternative
technologies to replace SO2 fumigation.
User Evaluation of the Swedish Patient Accessible Electronic Health Record: System Usability Scale
Authors: Hägglund Maria , Scandurra Isabella 
Published: June 2021

Background
Transparency is increasingly called for in health care, especially, when it comes to patients’ access to their electronic health records. In Sweden, the e-service Journalen is a national patient accessible electronic health record (PAEHR), accessible online via the national patient portal. User characteristics and perceived benefits of using a PAEHR influence behavioral intention for use and adoption, but poor usability that increases the effort expectancy can have a negative impact. It is, therefore, of interest to explore how users of the PAEHR Journalen perceive its usability and usefulness.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore how the users of the Swedish PAEHR experience the usability of the system and to identify differences in these experiences based on the level of transparency of the region.

Methods
A survey study was conducted to elicit opinions and experiences of patients using Journalen. The data were collected from June to October 2016. The questionnaire included questions regarding the usability of the system from the System Usability Scale (SUS). The SUS analysis was the focus of this paper. Analysis was performed on different levels: nationally looking at the whole data set and breaking it down by focusing on 2 different regions to explore differences in experienced usability based on the level of transparency.

Results
During the survey period, 423,141 users logged into Journalen, of which 2587 unique users completed the survey (response rate 0.61%). The total mean score for all respondents to the SUS items was 79.81 (SD 14.25), which corresponds to a system with good usability. To further explore whether the level of transparency in a region would affect the user’s experience of the usability of the system, we analyzed the 2 regions with the most respondents: Region Uppsala (the first to launch, with a high level of transparency), and Region Skåne (an early implementer, with a low level of transparency at the time of the survey). Of the participants who responded to at least 1 SUS statement, 520 stated that they had received care in Region Skåne, whereas 331 participants had received care in Region Uppsala. Uppsala’s mean SUS score was 80.71 (SD 13.41), compared with Skåne’s mean of 79.37 (SD 13.78).

Conclusions
The Swedish national PAEHR Journalen has a reasonably good usability (mean SUS score 79.81, SD 14.25); however, further research into more specific usability areas are needed to ensure usefulness and ease of use in the future. A somewhat higher SUS score for the region with high transparency compared with the region with low transparency could indicate a relationship between the perceived usability of a PAEHR and the level of transparency offered, but further research on the relationship between transparency and usability is required.
Mining of Opinions on COVID-19 Large-Scale Social Restrictions in Indonesia: Public Sentiment and Emotion Analysis on Online Media
Authors: Tri Sakti Andi Muhammad , Mohamad Emma , Azlan Arina Anis 
Published: June 2021

Background
One of the successful measures to curb COVID-19 spread in large populations is the implementation of a movement restriction order. Globally, it was observed that countries implementing strict movement control were more successful in controlling the spread of the virus as compared with those with less stringent measures. Society’s adherence to the movement control order has helped expedite the process to flatten the pandemic curve as seen in countries such as China and Malaysia. At the same time, there are countries facing challenges with society’s nonconformity toward movement restriction orders due to various claims such as human rights violations as well as sociocultural and economic issues. In Indonesia, society’s adherence to its large-scale social restrictions (LSSRs) order is also a challenge to achieve. Indonesia is regarded as among the worst in Southeast Asian countries in terms of managing the spread of COVID-19. It is proven by the increased number of daily confirmed cases and the total number of deaths, which was more than 6.21% (1351/21,745) of total active cases as of May 2020.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore public sentiments and emotions toward the LSSR and identify issues, fear, and reluctance to observe this restriction among the Indonesian public.

Methods
This study adopts a sentiment analysis method with a supervised machine learning approach on COVID-19-related posts on selected media platforms (Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube). The analysis was also performed on COVID-19-related news contained in more than 500 online news platforms recognized by the Indonesian Press Council. Social media posts and news originating from Indonesian online media between March 31 and May 31, 2020, were analyzed. Emotion analysis on Twitter platform was also performed to identify collective public emotions toward the LSSR.

Results
The study found that positive sentiment surpasses other sentiment categories by 51.84% (n=1,002,947) of the total data (N=1,934,596) collected via the search engine. Negative sentiment was recorded at 35.51% (686,892/1,934,596) and neutral sentiment at 12.65% (244,757/1,934,596). The analysis of Twitter posts also showed that the majority of public have the emotion of “trust” toward the LSSR.

Conclusions
Public sentiment toward the LSSR appeared to be positive despite doubts on government consistency in executing the LSSR. The emotion analysis also concluded that the majority of people believe in LSSR as the best method to break the chain of COVID-19 transmission. Overall, Indonesians showed trust and expressed hope toward the government’s ability to manage this current global health crisis and win against COVID-19.
Evaluación de indicadores productivos en rebaños caprinos vacunados con cepas RB51–SOD, RB51 (Brucella abortus) y Rev-1 (Brucella melitensis)
Authors: Molina-Sánchez Baldomero , Martínez-Herrera David Itzcóatl , Pardío-Sedas Violeta Trinidad , Flores-Castro Ricardo , Villagómez-Cortés José A. , Morales-Álvarez José F. 
Published: June 2021

Se determinaron tasas de pariciones, abortos y nacimiento de crías débiles en rebaños vacunados con la cepa RB51–SOD (B. abortus) para evaluar la mejora productiva y compararla con las vacunas Rev–1 (B. melitensis) y RB51 (B. abortus). Se vacunaron tres subgrupos de 36 cabras cada uno con cepas Rev–1 (1–2x109 UFC), RB51 (3x108-3x109 UFC) y RB51–SOD (3x108-3x109 UFC), cada cepa tuvo un subgrupo control. Se establecieron registros individuales para calcular las tasas posvacunación en dos épocas de pariciones. En la primera, la tasa de partos para Rev-1 fue 66.6 % (IC95%: 48.9–80.9), RB51 50.0 % (IC95% :33.2–66.7) y RB51-SOD 69.4 % (IC95% :51.7–83.0). Los abortos se presentaron en los tres subgrupos vacunados, Rev-1 y RB51-SOD 5.5 % (IC95% :0.9–20.0) y RB51 2.7 % (IC95%: 0.1–16.2). Los nacimientos de crías débiles se presentaron solo en animales vacunados con Rev-1 5.5 % (IC95%: 0.9–20.0). Durante la segunda época, la tasa de partos en hembras vacunadas con Rev-1 fue de 91.6 % (IC95% :76.4–97.8), RB51 94.4 % (IC95% :79.9–99.0) y RB51-SOD 94.4 % (IC95% :79.9–99.0). Tuvieron abortos animales vacunados con cepas Rev-1 y RB51, 5.5 % (IC95%: 0.9–20.0) y 2.7 % (IC95%: 0.1–16.2), respectivamente; en subgrupos vacunados no hubo nacimiento de crías débiles. Los subgrupos controles tuvieron un comportamiento similar a los vacunados. Los animales vacunados con la cepa RB51–SOD no mostraron diferencia significativa con los que recibieron las cepas Rev-1 y RB51, ni con los subgrupos control (P>0.01); por lo anterior, la vacuna RB51-SOD puede generar protección contra la brucelosis y beneficios en la producción de rebaños caprinos.
Развитие архитектуры Казахстана на рубеже тысячелетий
Authors: Куспангалиев Болат , Самойлов Константин 
Published: June 2021

Своеобразная политико-экономическая ситуация начала 1990-х годов в Казахстане вызвала некоторое замедление ранее достаточно высоких темпов массового строительства жилья и общественных зданий.
Номенклатура субъектов проектной деятельности, ранее состоявшая преимущественно только из крупных проектных институтов различной степени специализации, пополнилась существенно потеснившими их и занявшими значительный сектор рынка многочисленными проектными и проектно-строительными фирмами, а также персональны­ми творческими мастерскими и индивидуальными проек­тировщиками, берущимися практически за типологически любой объект.
Практически исчезло массовое типовое проектирование и строительство.
Важнейшей образной характеристикой архитектуры Казахстанана рубеже веков стала своего рода полистилич- ность.
В одну из характерных черт городской среды превратилась активная трансформация первых этажей.
Существенно обновилась типология городской застройки.
Резко расширилась, а в большинстве мест стала новым массовым явлением практика мемориального и особенно разноконфессионального культового строительства.
Важным аспектом стало освоение значительно расши­рившегося ассортимента конструкционных и особенно от­делочных материалов и изделий, а также решение проблемы их совместимости с широко распространёнными. Значимой чертой архитектуры этапа стало, определённое этим массо­вое использование многоцветных сочетаний, включающих и очень насыщенные тона.
Отражая эти процессы, казахстанская архитектура со­временного периода демонстрирует широкие возможности как единовременного комплексного формирования отдель­ных участков среды жизнедеятельности «под ключ», так и последовательного «вживления» отдельных элементов в складывающийся средовой контекст.
Обретение государственной независимости Казахстаном активизировало и процессы архитектурной самоидентифи­кации, имевшие многовекторную направленность.
Большой академический кинотеатр СССР на площади Свердлова: новые материалы к истории проведения конкурса 1936 года
Authors: Старостенко Юлия 
Published: June 2021

В статье на основании вновь выявленных архивных доку­ментов и публикаций в специализированных периодических изданиях 1930-х годов детально воссоздается история прове­дения конкурса 1936 года на проект Большого академического кинотеатра СССР на площади Свердлова (ныне Театральная площадь) в Москве, которая до настоящего времени оставалась практически неизвестной. Совокупность найденных уникальных материалов позволила выяснить, когда именно возникла идея проектирования грандиозного кинотеатра в самом центре Мо­сквы, и проследить, как протекал процесс разработки конкурс­ных проектов. Они также позволили установить, что, несмотря на весьма жесткую критику конкурсных работ, проект А.Н. Душкина и его соавторов стал основой для дальнейшего проектирования здания кинотеатра. Найденное задание на проектирование Большого академического кинотеатра позволило установить, что многие претензии критиков к конкурсным проектам были фактически предопределены требованиями, закрепленными в этом задании. Ориентированное на европейский и американ­ский опыт строительства роскошных зданий кинотеатров и ис­ходившее из той роли, которую должно играть будущее здание после реконструкции Москвы, проектное задание диктовало создание чрезмерно большого для своей функции здания. Кроме того, рассмотрение конкурса в контексте разработки проекта реконструкции столицы и с учетом ключевых задач, которые ставились перед советскими архитекторами, дало возможность объяснить расширение числа участников конкурсного проекти­рования и причины, по которым единственным напоминанием об этом конкурсе в пространстве Москвы остался вестибюль станций метро «Площадь Революции» и «Театральная»1.
[1] Исследование выполнено за счёт средств Государственной программы Российской Федерации «Развитие науки и технологий» в рамках Плана фунда­ментальных научных исследований Минстроя России и РААСН.