bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact des paramètres de sondage sur la gestion durable des forêts : cas des Forêts communales de l’Est-Cameroun
Authors: Bayoi Armel Emmanuel , Moumbock Elvis Mouyakan A. , Ngaba Mbezele Junior Yannick 
Published: May 2021

Parmi les plus vastes d’Afrique, les forêts du Cameroun sont des écosystèmes uniques qui jouent un rôle important pour son économie, la population locale et l’environnement. Toutefois, qu’il a indéniablement besoin d’utiliser ses ressources naturelles précisément la ressource ligneuse pour son développement. La déforestation fait peser une véritable menace sur cette biodiversité, ce qui impose de mettre des mesures appropriées afin de garantir sa gestion durable. La présente étude visait à évaluer les plans d’aménagement des forêts communales de l’Est Cameroun. Un total de 08 forêts communales (FC) sur 14 ont fait l’objet de cette étude, car ayant des plans d’aménagement valides. Il ressort de l’analyse des données que de chaque FC échantillonnée respectent les dispositions réglementaires. Le taux de sondage (TS) varie en fonction du coefficient de variation (CV) et de l’erreur souhaitée (ES) avec un impact considérable dans le nombre de parcelles échantillonnées et la longueur totale des layons d’inventaire. L’évolution de la surface à échantillonner est fonction du CV. Mais, il n’existe pas une différence significative des surfaces à échantillonner lorsque le CV varie de 150 à 350 et l’erreur fixée à 20 et à 25. L’équidistance diminue en fonction du CV et quel que soit l’ES que le concessionnaire décide d’adopter. Afin de pallier à ce problème, la prise en compte des limites de l’aménagement et la réalisation des inventaires d’aménagement dans chaque type de forêt doivent être analysées et permettre ainsi de déterminer les DME appropriés pour chaque type de FC au Cameroun.Mots clés : Forêt communale, plan d’aménagement, paramètre d’aménagement, Est-Cameroun.
Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of a hemoglobin S and C screening test: Sickle Scan
Authors: Adjé L. , Yapo V. , Yayo-Ayé M. , Bognini S. , Meledje M. , Sawadogo D. 
Published: May 2021

New tools for the rapid diagnosis of hemoglobinosis could encourage the extension of their screening in Africa. Our goal was to assess the analytical performances of a rapid hemoglobin S and C detection test, the Sickle Scan. This was a cross-sectional study carried out in March 2019 at the Yopougon Teaching Hospital. The subjects followed for hemoglobinosis as well as the subjects seeking out an electrophoresis of their hemoglobin were included. We carried out the hemogram, the electrophoresis of hemoglobin at alkaline pH (reference method) coupled with the metabisulfite sickling test (Emmel test) and the rapid detection test to be evaluated. This immunochromatographic test is capable of detecting hemoglobins A, S, and C, and to infer the hemoglobin phenotype from there. The study recruited 191 individuals. The test detected hemoglobins S and C with a sensitivity of 99.4% and 97.7% respectively; a specificity of 93.3% and 99.3%. The positive likelihood ratio for hemoglobins S and C was 15 and 144 respectively. The negative likelihood ratio was 0.01 for hemoglobin S, and 0.02 for hemoglobin C. The intrinsic characteristics obtained make this test an interesting screening tool for hemoglobinosis S and C.
Keywords: Diagnostic test, hemoglobinosis, Abidjan, sensitivity, specificity.
Production and utilization of crop residues for ruminant feeding in Aliero Lga Of Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: Muftau M.A. , Kwaido A.A. , Ayuba M.S. , Kadi N. , Tambuwal A. , Naallah Y. 
Published: May 2021

An investigation of the production and utilization of crop residues for ruminant feeding in five villages within Aliero Local Government Area of Kebbi State was carried out using a structured questioner which was administered to 75 respondents. The data collected was analyzed by using simple statistical tool such as frequency distribution and percentage. The study revealed that 47.95% of the respondents were farmers with more than half (52.41%) had 5-8 members in their family. Mixed farming is common to all the respondents with cereal and legumes crops combination alongside with cattle, sheep, and goats rearing. Some crop residues such as maize stover, rice straw, etc are available all year round since they are generated both at rainy and dry season in the study area. Maize/sorghum/millet stovers and groundnut/cowpea straws plays a major part in ruminant feeding in the study area. The level of cultivation, production and utilization of crop residues as observed in this study depends on the land size, season of production and flock size amongst others. Most of the respondents (39.74%) source their crop residues from self-production and the type of crop residues are those from groundnut/cowpea straws, maize/millet/sorghum stovers and rice straws. The present study revealed the potential of crop residues not only as ruminant feeding but also as a means of livelihood among the respondents.
Keywords: Production, Utilization, Crop residues, Livestock.
Analysis of cattle rustling among pastoralists in Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Aderinoye-Abdulwahab S.A. , Fasanya A.A. , Kareem O.W. , Dolapo T.A. 
Published: May 2021

Livestock is a major component of agricultural activities practiced in Niger State; it’s also a source of income and a form of food security for farmers. Increasing attacks by cattle rustlers have disrupted the stability of pastoralists within the communities in the State. This study therefore, examined cattle rustling among pastoralists in Niger State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to; (i) describe socio-economic characteristics of the pastoralists in the study area; (ii) investigate the pastoralists’ perceived reasons for cattle rustling; (iii) determine the threats posed to pastoralists through cattle rustling and their solutions; (iv) identify the coping strategies adopted by the pastoralists after their cattle have been rustled; and (v) determine how agricultural extension service could curtail the act of cattle rustling. A Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents for the study. Well-structured questionnaire and an interview schedule were administered to the pastoralists to elicit information. The data obtained was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that, 65.0% of the respondents were less than 51 years of age. The majority (62.0%) of the respondents had Quranic education and 39.0% had no formal education. Of 120 pastoralists, 65.0% had their cattle rustled by the rustlers, impunity for crime and police support ranked highest among the reasons for cattle rustling and 80% of the rustlers were Fulani. The findings also revealed that majority (75%) of the respondents were not aware of agricultural extension service, while 27% of the pastoralists had heard about extension services on Radio and 100% had never been visited by extension agents. This implies that cattle’s rustling was a major and rising threat against pastoralists’ livelihood and to the country’s security in general since the act of rustling could trigger the proliferation of illegal arms and ammunition into the country. It is equally obvious that the pastoralists were far from the reach of extension agents which would have provided a strong link between the government and pastoralists in the establishment of grazing reserves along the stock routes.
Keywords: Livestock, Farmers/herdsmen clashes, Livelihood, Pastoralist, Poverty, Illegal arms
Response of Sweet Potato Storability with Different Pre-storage Treatments at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Afolabi M.S , Lamidi W.A , Akoroda M.O 
Published: May 2021

The storage of sweet potato tuberous roots in tropical countries is a major challenge to farmers and retailers due to unfavourable climatic conditions. In this study, the storage performance of sweet potato roots in an ambient condition was investigated over a 12-week duration. The three different pre-storage treatments used were ash, alkaline solution (1.5 mol dm-3) and Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) extract – to evaluate their effects on weight loss, shrinkage, weevil damage and sprouting. The control comprised tubers with no pre-treatment. It was observed that weight loss increased linearly from the inception of storage while shrinkage became apparent only after two (2) weeks. The percentage shrinkage of the tuber pre-treated with Siam weed increased at decreasing rate from 8 WAP. Treatment of tuber with Siam weed extract provided significantly higher protection against weevil damage (p > 0.05). After this, sprouting was initiated. By the 12th week, the Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) extract treatment yielded better results. The Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) treatment also recorded the lowest weight loss of 28% and lowest shrinkage of 2.8%. It also sustained less weevil damage at 33.5% compared with the other treatments. Sprouting was higher in the tuber without pre-storage treatment. The alkaline solution and ash treatments had varied degree of performance for all the indicators.
Keywords: Sweet potato storability, Ambient condition, Pre-storage treatment, Chromolaena odorata
Performance of Growing Rabbits Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Gmelina (Gmelina arborea) Fruit Pulp Meal
Authors: Ingweye J.N 
Published: May 2021

The study involved the recycling of gmelina fruit pulp to animal feed to reduce environmental pollution by evaluating the feed intake and body weight changes of rabbits fed diets incorporated with Ripe Gmelina Fruit Pulp (RGFP) at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% in replacement of maize as groups I, II, III, IV and V, respectively. Sixty (60) rabbits in five groups of 12 animals each were used for the eight-week study in completely randomized design experiment. Initial weight, final weight, weight gain, feed intake (concentrate + forage), concentrate intake and forage intake ranged from 575–575.02g, 1605–1900g, 1029.98–1324.99g, 8130–7569.85g, 5711.33–1177.11g, 6392.74–2418.67g, respectively. All these parameters were significantly affected (p<0.05) by inclusion of RGFP except initial weight. Feed conversion ratio (FCR), water intake (ml), water–feed ratio and protein efficiency ratio ranged from 7.35–6.14, 278.34–203.36, 0.034–0.027 and 0.8–0.53, respectively. These parameters were also significantly affected (p<0.05) by inclusion of RGFP in diets except water–feed ratio and protein efficiency ratio. Weight gain, total feed intake (concentrate + forage), concentrate intake and water intake of rabbits fed 0% RGFP were the highest (p<0.05) while the 100% RGFP group recorded the least (p<0.05). Weight gain and total feed intake of 0% RGFP group was similar to those of groups 25%, and 50%. The 100% RGFP fed rabbits had the highest (p<0.05) forage intake but least (p<0.05) FCR while 0% RGFP fed group had the least (p<0.05) forage intake and highest (p<0.05) FCR. Weight gain, total feed intake (concentrate + forage), concentrate intake and water intake significantly (p<0.05) decreased as RGFP increased while FCR and forage intake increased significantly (p<0.05) as RGFP increased. This study suggests that RGFP could replace up to 50% of maize, beyond which the animals start losing weight.
Keywords: Hindgut fermenter, Gmelina fruit waste, rabbit nutrition, recycling
Energy-Based Criterion for Testing the Nonlinear Response Strength of Strong Nonlinear Oscillators
Authors: Big-Alabo Akuro 
Published: May 2021

This article proposes a simple energy-based criterion developed to characterize four commonly identified responses, namely: linear, weakly nonlinear, moderately nonlinear and strongly nonlinear regimes. The response of the nonlinear simple pendulum was used for benchmarking the boundary conditions for each of the four response regimes and the test criterion was demonstrated using relevant examples. The test presented in this article is important for clarifying the obscurity surrounding the accuracy and range of validity of recent approximate analytical schemes used to investigate strong nonlinear oscillators. Furthermore, it is meant to create awareness of the need to develop more robust testing criteria.
Keywords: strong nonlinear oscillation; periodic oscillation; approximate analytical solution
Integrating Resistivity Techniques for Optimum Groundwater Exploration and Development within a Hotel Facility in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ojo A. , Babafemi E. , Faleye E. , Shado O. 
Published: May 2021

This work is an attempt to combine dipole-dipole profiling and vertical electrical sounding techniques of electrical resistivity methods to investigate the groundwater potential within the premises of a 3-star hotel facility in Osogbo, Nigeria by delineating the geoelectric layers, delineating the low resistivity layers, determining the lithologies and hence, delineating the groundwater bearing zones. The five vertical electrical sounding data were collected along two pre-surveyed dipole-dipole traverses at right angle to each other beside the fences of the premises using the ABEM SAS 300c terrameter. The observed data were interpreted quantitatively using curve matching and computer-assisted iteration method using the WinResist and Dipro software. The results of the inversion show that the lithology comprises of the top soil and an intermittent sequence of sand and lateritic clay having varying resistivity and thickness. The aquiferous layer was observed to be located at a depth of 23 m to 25 m due to the low resistivity and high thickness of the aquiferous layer. The result of the 2-D imaging closely correlates with the result of the vertical electrical sounding. Thus, combining these techniques in groundwater investigation has achieved similar result as the Werner technique and has reduced ambiguity and error in positioning for drilling.
Keywords: Resistivity, Groundwater Exploration, Dipole-Dipole
Effect of Seasonal Changes of the Electric Field Pattern in Ibadan Nigeria on Some Meteorological Parameters
Authors: Adetoyinbo A.A. , Bello A.K. , Akinwale S.A. 
Published: May 2021

The objective of this work is to investigate the variation of the electric field in the atmosphere to specific meteorological parameters such as (temperature, heat and relative humidity) in Ibadan using data collected from the Nigeria Meteorological (NiMet) Office in Lagos. The data obtained were used to analyze the patterns of electric field in every season in thislocation for a period of one year ranged from September to October.
Keywords: Electric Field, Relative Humidity, Temperature, Pressure, Wind, Polluted Aerosols
Foraminiferal Biozonation of Late Eocene - Early Oligocene sediments of BC-1 well, Onshore, Western Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Amiewalan F.O. , Edegbai J.A. 
Published: May 2021

Foraminiferal analysis was carried out on forty (40) ditch cutting samples from BC-1 well in the Onshore, Western Niger Delta at depth intervals of 5590 ft. - 8300 ft. Lithologic description of the samples together with the gamma ray log analytical data indicated the presence of four lithostratigraphic units composed of shale, sandstone, sandy shale and shaly sand corresponding to the continental Benin and paralic Agbada Formations. A total of twelve (12) species defined into eleven (11) genera, six (6) subfamilies and eleven (11) families were recovered. Benthonic and planktonic foraminiferal species constitute approximately 82 % and 18 % respectively. The calcareous benthics make up 44.4 % while the arenaceous benthics representing 37.7% of the total foraminiferal assemblages. Foraminiferal index marker species - Globorotalia opima nana, Nonion oyae, Cassigerinella chipollensis and Spiroplectammina wrightiirevealed that the age of the studied well is from Late Eocene - Early Oligocene epoch. This indicated that both the planktonic and benthonic foraminiferal recovered from the well contained the transition between the Priabonian and the Rupelian age. Three (3) informal foraminiferal zone were established - Nonion oyae zone, Cassigerinella chipollensis zone and undiagnostic zone. The zones compares with foraminiferal markers species whose stratigraphic ranges are well established in the Niger Delta and globally.
Keyword: Lithostratigraphic units, Agbada Formation, Eocene, Oligocene and Biozone.
Evaluation of Petrophysical Parameters of Reservoir Sand Wells in Uzot-Field, Onshore Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Omoja UC , Obiekezie T.N. 
Published: May 2021

Evaluation of the petrophysical parameters in Uzot-field was carried out using Well log data. The target for this study was the D3100 reservoir sand of wells Uz 004, Uz 005, U008 and Uz 011 with depth range of 5540ft to 5800ft across the four wells. Resistivity logs were used to identify hydrocarbon or water-bearing zones and hence indicate permeable zones while the various sand bodies were then identified using the gamma ray logs. The results showed the delineated reservoir units having porosity ranging from 21.40% to 33.80% indicating a suitable reservoir quality; permeability values from 1314md to 18089md attributed to the well sorted nature of the sands and hydrocarbon saturation range from 12.00% to 85.79% implying high hydrocarbon production. These results suggest a reservoir system whose performance is considered satisfactory for hydrocarbon production.
Keywords: Petrophysical parameters, porosity, permeability, hydrocarbon saturation, Niger Delta Basin
Investigation of the Geochemical Composition and Paleo-Depositional Environment of Ubo and Ikpeshi Marble Deposit, Southwestern Nigeria: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ailegbo J. , Ehinlaiye A.O. , Bassey P. , Odia-Oseghale J.O. 
Published: May 2021

The marble deposits at Ubo and Ikpeshi areas of Edo state, Southwestern Nigeria, were studied in order to determine the major elements and the paleo-depositional environment of the original sediments using standard methods. Results obtained using test of difference between Ubo and Ikpeshi marbles showed that CaO (51.977±0.922 & 54.726±0.23), MgO (3.034±0.829 & 0.499±0.115), Na2O (1.7±0.73 & 0.024±0.008), MgCO3 (6.337±1.734 & 1.034±0.238), Cu (24.589±0.692 & 27.447±0.711), Ni (23.907±0.854 & 30.979±0.494), all for Ubo and Ikpeshi respectively; with Ni showing highest significance with P<0.01. The Ubo marble deposit occurs as a lensoid body within the younger metasedimentary sequence. The major element composition reveal a mean chemical composition of CaO (51.97 and 54.73 %), MgO (3.0 and 0.49 %), SiO2 (0.74 and 0.70%), K2O (0.08 and 0.04%), Na2O (1.70 and 0.02%), Al2O3 (0.75 and 0.25%), Fe2O3 (0.34 and 0.25%), and Loss on Ignition - L.O.I (43.34 and 49.31%) in Ubo and Ikpeshi marbles respectively, which is indicative that the marble samples were all calcitic. The low values of the total alkali content in the marble samples from the two locations indicate that the environment of deposition of the original carbonate materials that metamorphosed into marbles from both locations must have been a shallow, highly saline environment with probably little influx of salty brine water in the basin. Silica was used as an abscissa in these plots because it shows substantial variations among the marbles with most of the linear relationship between silica and the various oxides showing negative correlation, this probably reflects the admixture of the carbonates with chert. The trend of the plots of Na2O + K2O vs. SiO2 for the marbles from both locations show a variation in the salinity.
Keywords: Ubo, Ikpeshi, Marble, Marine Environment, Metasedimentary
Impact of Pharmaceutical Waste Generation and Handling on Environmental Health in Developing Countries: COVID – 19 Pandemic in Perspective!
Authors: Ejeromedoghene O. , Nwosisi M.C. , Tesi G.O. , Noragbon E.J. , Akinyeye R.O. 
Published: May 2021

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the novel Covid-19 pandemic currently ravaging the world as a global mishap due to its wide-spreading across different nations. As the number of confirmed cases continues to increase daily, there will be a great need for the delivery of pharmaceutical palliatives to developing nations for them to manage the situation. Most pharmaceutical supplies used in many developing countries such as test kits and protective suits are a complex mixture of toxic and non-degradable compounds that are improperly disposed into open dump sites. The increase in Covid-19 cases and strategic attention to grapple will lead to multiple waste generation problems, thereby posing another health risk if not properly handled and disposed. In this review, we have highlighted the composition, categories, and hazards associated with pharmaceutical wastes and also appraised the current disposal practices and recommended some appropriate disposal methods of these associated wastes
Keywords: Pharmaceutical wastes, Hazardous materials, Covid-19, Health risk, Waste handling
Isolation and NMR Characterization of Ursane-Type Triterpenoid from the Leaves of Peperomia pellucida
Authors: Ibe–Diala J.C. , Igwe O.U. , Friday C. , Akwada U.C. 
Published: May 2021

Peperomia pellucida is a member of the Piperaceae family. Extraction of plant material was carried out by Soxhlet extraction method using hexane and ethylacetate as solvents respectively. The extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator, followed by isolation and purification using column and thin layer chromatographic techniques. Fraction C20 showed a clearly defined single spot with Rf value of 0.51. Using 1HNMR, 13C-DEPT, COSY, HSQC and HMBC and by comparison with literature values, the structure of the compound was established as an Ursane-type triterpenoid. The use of P. pellucida in ethnomedicine for the treatment of various ailments could be attributed to the Ursane-type triterpenoid and other bioactive chemical compounds present in the plant.
Keywords: Peperomia pellucida, extraction, isolation, chromatographic techniques, ursane-type triterpenoid
Comparative Effect of Horse Dung and Pig Dung on The Early Growth of Nauclea diderrichii (De Wild) Seedlings
Authors: Ayeni O.D. , Ojo M.O. , Okumodi B.O. 
Published: May 2021

The research work examined the effect of horse dung and pig dung on the early growth of Nauclea diderrichii seedling. The experiment was carried out at the back of library of Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan. The experiment consisted of five treatments which were replicated nine times in a completely Randomized design (CRD). The following materials were used: Topsoil, Polythenepot, seeds of Nauclea diderrichii, Horse dung and pig dung, sieve, wheel barrow, venier caliper, ruler, field record book and pen. Data on the number of stem girth, height, leave production and leave area were recorded fortnightly starting from a week after transplanting. The data collected were analyzed through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The result revealed that 15g of horse dung + 2kg of top soil had the highest mean number of height value of 12.49cm followed by 10kg of horse dung +2kg of topsoil,(10.15cm). While topsoil only had the least mean number of height (8.25cm). The result further showed the highest mean stem girth (0.30cm) followed by 0.27cm and produced least mean stem girth of 0.24cm in treatments T12, T1 and T5 respectively. Also, in the leaf production the result revealed that 15g of horse dung +2kg of topsoil had the highest mean number of 16.69cm followed by treatment one 12,56cm and topsoil only produce the least mean leaf production of 9.40cm. The result further showed highest mean leave area (134.50cm2 ) followed by treatment one 124.60cm2 and (T5) produced the least mean leaf area of 108.06cm2. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for plant height, stem girth, leaf production and leaf area also indicated that the treatment applied Nauclea diderrichii seedlings showed no significant effect. Generally 15g of horse dung + 2kg of topsoil produced the best result in terms of plant height, stem girth, leaf production and leave area of Nuclea diderrichii seedlings, hence treatment two (T2) is best suitable for raising Nuclea diderrichii seedlings.
Keywords: Forest, Horse dung, Pig dung, Nauclea diderrichii