bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registry of Primary Lung Tumours in Ain Shams Hospitals
Authors: Mohamed Yasser Moustafa , Ali Tamer Mohamed , EzzEldin Mai Mohamed Ali , Soliman Fatma Emad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Bronchogenic carcinoma is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. This growth can spread beyond the lung by the process of metastasis into nearby tissue or other parts of the body. Most cancers that start in the lung, known as primary lung cancers, are carcinomas, The two main types are small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non- small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).

Aim of the Study
Register cases of primary lung tumors presented to Ain shams university hospital during period from June 2018 to June 2019 and to follow up their response to different lines of treatment and to assess delay time between diagnosis and start of treatment.

Patients and Methods
This study is an observational, analytical and retrospective study, conducted upon 95 cases of primary lung tumor cases presented to Ain Shams University Hospital _oncology chest clinic.

Results
The main age of our studied population ranging from 17 to 66 years old in cases diagnosed as small cell lung cancer (SCLC), from 30 to 81 years old in cases diagnosed as non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), eight out of nine cases diagnosed as SCLC were males, sixty six out of 86 NSCLC cases were males, about 66.7% of SCLC cases & 57% of NSCLC were smokers, forty four percent of SCLC presented with performance score 2, while 48.8% of NSCLC presented with performance score 1, Out of 86 cases of non small cell lung cancer 54 were adenocarcinoma, 27 were squamous cell carcinoma, 4 cases were large cell lung cancer and 1 case was mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Dyspnea was the main symptom in SCLC cases (6 cases out of 8). Fibreoptic bronchoscopy was the diagnostic tool in 33.3% of SCLC cases, 29.1% of NSCLC cases. In non small cell lung cancer, US guided biopsy took the second hand after fibreoptic bronchoscopy by 25.6%, Most of cases were stage 4, 77.8% in small cell carcinoma, 80.2% in non small cell lung cancer. SCLC received Gemcitabine/carboplatin in 33.3% of cases, 22.2% of cases received palliative radiotherapy as first line treatment.11.1% of them received definitive radiotherapy as second line treatment.In NSCLC, 25.6% of cases treated with Gemcitabine/carboplatin, 17.4% received palliative radiotherapy.In NSCLC 36% of cases presented with dyspnea then chest pain 22%.The relation between delay time and prognosis as regard disease progression is non significant similar to the relation between delay time from definitive diagnosis to start of treatment)and stage at time of diagnosis. Unlikely, the inverse relation between delay time and ECOG(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance status) in both small and non small cell lung cancer.

Conclusion
The relation between delay time and prognosis is non significant similar to the relation between delay time and stage at time of diagnosis. Unlikely, the inverse relation between delay time and ECOG in both small and non small cell lung cancer.
The effect of Epitranscriptomic writer (METTL3) silencing on Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line
Authors: El-sherbeni Afaf R , Ghattas Maivel H , Shehata Hanan H , Mohamad Magda I 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Worldwide, HCC is the sixth most common malignancy and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. RNA epigenetics becomes a hot topic in recent years. Among more than a hundred different RNA modifications, m6A is the most abundant modification. m6A is involved in regulating mRNA stability, splicing, and translation. However, the implications of m6A modification in human carcinogenesis remain poorly understood. METTL3 is a major RNA methyltransferase implicated in mRNA biogenesis, decay, and translation control through m6A modification. We aimed to target METTL3 in HepG2 cell lines by siRNA (small interfering RNA), and then evaluated the effect of this interference on viability and proliferative activity of HepG2 cells.

Material and methods
Using HepG2 cell lines, METTL3 was targeted using siRNA. The viability of HepG2 was conducted by Trypan blue exclusion test. The cell proliferation was tested by CellTiter 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay.

Results
viable cell number and viability percent were significantly reduced in HepG2 cells transfected with siMETTL3 compared to mock cell lines (treated with transfection reagent only) (p&lt;0.05). The active proliferative cell count was lower in cells transfected with siMETTL3 than mock cells (p&lt;0.05).

Conclusions
Knockdown of METTL3 in HepG2 cell lines successively reduced cell viability and active proliferative cell count. METTL3 may be involved in liver tumorigenesis and its targeting may be of therapeutic benefit.
Evaluation of the Consequence of CTNNB1 & RAB1A Targeting on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line
Authors: Ismail Amira Salah , Kassim Samar Kamal , Shehata Hanan H , Mohamad Magda I , Roushdy Marian Maher Salib 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults and the most common cause of death in people with chronic liver diseases. In Egypt, liver cancer forms 11.75% of the malignancies of all digestive organs and 1.68% of the total malignancies. HCC constitutes 70.48% of all liver tumors among Egyptians. In the past few years, early diagnosis and advances in therapeutic measures have greatly improved the outcome of HCC patients. However, the prognosis is still poor with overall survival rates of 3-5%. The alterations in cancer driver genes and associated pathways are the major triggers for HCC. So, the identification and targeting of these genes are beneficial to understand HCC and to develop a new therapy.

Aim of the work
We aimed to target CTNNB1 and RAB1A oncogenes in HepG2 cell lines by RNAi then evaluate the effect of their targeting on the viability and proliferative activity of HepG2 cells.

Materials and methods
Using HepG2 cell lines, CTNNB1 & RAB1A oncogenes were targeted using two different siRNAs (small interfering RNA) for each gene. The viability of HepG2 was conducted by Trypan blue test. The cell proliferation was tested by CellTiter 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay.

Results
There was significant reduction in the cells’ viability detected by trypan blue test in transfected cells with siRNA targeting either CTNNB1 or RAB1A compared to Mock HepG2 cell lines (p &lt;0.05). In addition, the proliferative activity was significantly lower in both HepG2 cell lines transfected with siRNA targeting the previous genes compared to mock cells (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, HepG2 cells transfected with siRNA targeting RAB1A were more proliferative compared to those transfected with siRNA targeting CTNNB1 (p &lt;0.05).

Conclusion
Targeting CTNNB1or RAB1A in HepG2 cell lines decreased the cell viability and proliferative activity. Moreover, targeting CTNNB1 was effective in decreasing cell proliferative activity compared to targeting RAB1A in HepG2 cell lines. So, targeting CTNNB1 may have a potential therapeutic effect in treatment of HCC.
Diet, Serum Short Chain Fatty Acids, and Potential Molecular Associations in Obesity
Authors: Nabil Helmy Lobna Mohammad , Ahmed Sallam Reem Mohamed , Sallam Maha Mohamed , Abdelsalam Hala M , Mohamed Dalia Abdel-Wahab , Salib Marian Maher 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been reported to result in a wide range of health benefits including improvements in body composition and reduced body weight. However, excess production of colonic SCFAs has been implicated in the promotion of obesity. In this study, we aimed to explore the interrelation between diet, SCFAs production and obesity. This study included 31 subjects divided into a lean group and an obese group. Their dietary habits were assessed by means of food-frequency questionnaire and 24-hour recall then blood samples were collected from all of them. Analysis of short-chain fatty acids (i.e., acetate, propionate, and butyrate) in serum was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Dietary assessment revealed that obese subjects had a significantly higher intake of carbohydrate, fat and sodium while lean subjects had a significantly higher intake of dietary fiber. Serum levels of propionate were higher in lean subjects compared to obese subjects (P &lt; 0.05). Serum propionate level showed a positive significant correlation with fiber intake (P &lt; 0.05). Our study suggests that healthy dietary choices and increasing daily fiber intake may be associated with positive health outcomes modulated by increasing short chain fatty acids.
Evaluation of Galectin1 gene, miRNA22 and LncRNA MEG3 in type2 diabetic patients
Authors: Ahmed Manar Fouad , Ali-Labib Randa , Zaki Walid Said , Abd El Hameid Marwa Mahmoud , Makboul Khaled Mahmoud 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Diabetes mellitus is considered the ninth major cause of death, biomarkers have been investigated in DM research field to understand the pathophysiology of DM, help in diagnosis and find new therapeutics. This study evaluated the role of Galectin 1, LncRNA MEG3, miR22 in T2DM.

Aim of the work
we aimed to evaluate the role of galectin 1 expression in type 2 DM and to explore the epigenetic regulatory effect of miRNA22 and LncRNA, MEG3 on gelatin 1 expression in type 2 DM

Materials and methods
The study included two groups: Fifteen type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and fifteen normal healthy individuals. Blood samples were collected from every participant and serum was separated. Expressions of Gal-1, LncRNA MEG3, miR22 were assessed in each serum sample by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Results
The study revealed higher levels of gal-1, miR22 and lower levels of MEG3 in serum samples of T2DM Patients compared to normal healthy individuals with statistical significance difference (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Gal-1, MEG3, miR22 may play a role in the pathophysiology of T2DM. Studies with larger sample sizes are required to further confirm their role in early detection and diagnosis of T2DM.
Evaluation of MACF1-regulatory non-coding RNA as a potential therapeutic target in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Aboushahba Rowaida Mohammed Reda M. M , Motaleb Fayda Ibrahim Abdel , Abou-Zeid Ahmed Abdel Aziz , Nabil Enas Samir , Mohamed Dalia Abdel-Wahab , Mohamed Shaimaa Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths world-wide. There is an increasing need for the identification of novel biomarkers/targets for early diagnosis and for the development of novel chemopreventive and therapeutic agents for CRC. Recently, MACF1 gene has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in cancer as it involved in processes critical for tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. It is suggested that MACF1 may function in cancers through Wnt signaling. MiR-34a is a well-known tumor suppressor miRNA.miR-34a targets MACF1 gene as a part of the wnt signaling pathway. In this study, 40 colonic tissues were collected from CRC patients (20) and control subjects (20). miR-34a-5p was assessed by real time PCR in all study groups. The results showed highly significant decrease (P &lt; 0.01) in miR-34a relative expression in the CRC group (median RQ 0.13) when compared to the benign group (median RQ 5.3) and the healthy control group (median RQ 19.63). miR-34a mimic and inhibitor were transfected in CaCo-2 cell line and proliferation was assessed. The transfection of the cell line with miR-34a mimic decreased cell proliferation. Our study suggests that miR-34a-5p targets MACF1 gene as a part of the wnt signaling pathway leading to the involvement in the molecular mechanisms of CRC development and progression.
Perioperative Risk Factors of Atrial Fibrillation Post CABG Surgeries, a Retrospective Non-Randomized Study
Authors: Karim Mohsen Abdel , Omar Ahmed Helmy , Hikal Tamer El-Shahat , Youssef Hazem Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Atrial fibrillation represents a common complication after coronary artery bypass and valvular surgery, although it is a benign arrhythmia it may contribute to the morbidity, high cost and prolonged ICU stay.

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) and its impact on intensive care unit (ICU) and postoperative hospital stay in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgeries (CABG) at Ain Shams University hospitals using the medical records of patients who underwent(CABG) surgeries from July 2018 to July 2019.

Patients and Methods
Our study was conducted in Ain Shams University hospitals from July 2018 to July 2019. This study was a retrospective non randomized on total 660 patients who undergone isolated Coronary artery bypass graft surgeries (CABG) during this period, of them we targeted 100 cases who developed POAF after surgery.

Results
Our results show that age, history of hypertension,smoking,history of renal impairment and recent myocardial infarction were all predictors of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. POAF developed more frequent in patients who had larger left atrium diameter and lower ejection fraction. Our present results indicate that there is significant association between longer bypass and cross clamping time and development of POAF. We also found that patients who had postoperative lower serum potassium experienced more frequent POAF than who had normal potassium levels. In our study, we found that use of preoperative beta blocking drugs reduces risk of developing POAF. Early electrocardiographic ischemic postop. changes was also associated with high risk to develop POAF. No significant relation between use of intra-aortic balloon pump and development of POAF. Also, no significant relation between POAF and development of stroke or thromboembolic manifestations as POAF is usually self limiting,transient and resolves spontaneously in most of cases.

Conclusion
The current study found that low ejection fraction, dilated left atrium, hypertension, smoking, old age, male gender, prolonged bypass time, prolonged cross clamping time, renal impairment, previous myocardial infarction, ungrafted dominant right coronary artery, low temperatures on bypass, early ischemic changes postoperative, hypokalemia, use of adrenaline and nor adrenaline, all of these factors were a significant predictors for development of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.
Assessment of the effects of cardiac rhythm device implantation on right sided heart function and tricuspid valve
Authors: Abd Elaziz Ahmed Mohamed , Ramadan Ahmed Yehia , Badran Haitham Abd Elfatah , Khalid Saied Abd Elhafiz 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective
To assess the effects of trans-tricuspid placement of permanent pacemaker (PPM), on the right-sided heart function and tricuspid valve function.

Background
Over the last decade there has been a significant increase in the number of cardiac device implantation as permanent pacemakers (PPM) worldwide in patients with cardiac rhythm disorders. Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) due to the endocardial lead is a known complication of this procedure, however the incidence of new or worsening TR had not been well studied.

Patients and Methods
We reviewed patients who underwent permanent pacemaker implantation in our cardiology department in Ain Shams University. Patients who had pacemaker implantation less than one year ago, had severe tricuspid regurgitation before implantation or had previous tricuspid valve repair were excluded. A total of one hundred patients with an echocardiographic study before and another echocardiographic study at least one year after device implantation were included in our study. TR severity was graded as (0 none/trace, 1 mild, 2 moderate, 3 severe).

Results
Of the 100 patients (Mean age: 53.10 ± 16.04, 50% of patients were males) 65 had DDD and 35 had VVI. Before implantation 25 patient had trace TR (grade 0) vs. 6 patients after, 75 patients had mild TR (grade 1) vs. 82 after, with no patient had moderate TR (grade 2) vs. 12 patients after. TR worsened by one grade in 25 patients, (16 patients from grade 0 to grade 1 and 9 patients from grade 1 to grade 2) and by 2 grades in 3 patients (from grade 0 to grade 2), Pvalue &lt; 0.01. TR jet area size (Mean ± SD: 2.80 ± 0.77 before vs. 4.15 ± 1.29 after, P-value &lt; 0.01). Also, 99 patients had normal RV size and one had dilated RV before implantation vs. 95 patient had normal RV and 5 had dilated RV (p-value= 0.097). RV size, LVEF (Mean ± SD: 56.41% ± 7.52 before vs. 55.77% ± 8.00 after), RV function by TASPE (Mean ± SD: 19.15 ±
1.00 before vs. 18.96 ± 0.96 after), RVSP (Mean ± SD: 29.48mmHg ± 5.54 before vs. 29.81 ± 5.09 after) and diastolic function by E/A ratio (Mean ± SD: 1.60 ± 0.39 before vs. 1.57 ± 0.38 after implantation) did not show significant change.

Conclusion
Permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation is associated with worsening of tricuspid regurgitation. Echocardiography plays an important role in assessing and grading this condition. Further studies are needed in order to illustrate the effects of these finding on patients outcomes.
Echocardiographic Predictors of Atrial Fibrillation after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Kame Karim Mounir , Hennawy Bassam Sobhy , Abd-Elsalam Ahmed Mohammed , Onsy Ahmed Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) complicates 20–40% of cardiac surgical procedures and 10–20% of non-cardiac thoracic operations. Typical features include onset at 2–4 days postoperatively, episodes that are often fleeting and a self-limited time course. Associated adverse consequences of POAF include hemodynamic instability, increased risk of stroke, lengthened hospital and intensive care unit stays and greater costs (Dobrev et al., 2019).

Aim
The aim of this work is to detect the echo-cardio graphic parameters for prediction of post-operative atrial fibrillation in patients with ischemic heart disease undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft.

Methods
One hundred patients with multivessel disease for CABG were prospectively enrolled; all of them were in sinus rhythm at the moment of enrollment. LA maximal volume, LV ejection fraction, LVESV &LVEDV and TDI were assessed. Moreover, LA strain and Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain % were analyzed by speckle tracking technique.
Patients were followed up for 1 week after surgery in order to identify occurrence of atrial fibrillation.

Results
We found a statistically significant difference between patients undergoing CABG who are older in age with mean ± SD 64.455 ± 6.254 in group I (AF) vs. 54.577 ± 6.710 in group II with p value &lt;0.001*, we found also that patients undergoing CABG with POAF (group I) 50 % of them had left main diseases vs. 23% in group II (NSR) with other lesions (RCA&LCX), p value = 0.014*.

Conclusions
There is no significant difference between the two groups regarding conventional echo parameters, TDI & by speckle tracking technique (LA strain & LVGLS %).
However, patients who developed POAF were older, & left main lesions are more likely to have left main lesions.
Effect of high dose statin preloading on TIMI flow in patients presenting with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Eletriby K , Desoky A , Shawky N , Farag A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim and objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of high intensity statins used prior to primary PCI in patients presenting with acute STEMI (ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction) on myocardial perfusion and in-hospital MACE (major adverse cardiac events).

Patients and Methods
The study included 170 patients who presented with acute STEMI to the cardiology department of Ain Shams university hospitals and underwent primary PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention). They were divided into two groups where the first group received high intensity statins (40-80mg of atorvastatin or 20-40mg of rosuvastatin) besides guideline recommended therapy before primary PCI and the 2nd group served as a control group and received guideline recommended therapy, and high intensity statins after going back to the coronary care unit after primary PCI. Post interventional thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade and myocardial blush grade (MBG) were recorded and ST-segment resolution was measured.

Results
The majority of patients in both groups had the LAD as the culprit vessel for their presentation. In the control group there were 4 patients with TIMI I flow and MBG I, 13 with TIMI II flow and MBG II and 68 with TIMI III flow and MBG III. Meanwhile in the cases group there was 1 patient with TIMI I flow and MBG I, 3 with TIMI II flow and MBG II and 81 with TIMI III flow and MBG III. This difference was statistically significant with a P value of 0.010. There were 34 patients in the cases group who showed complete ST-segment resolution (40%) vs 19 patients (22.4%) in the control group which was statistically significant with a P value of 0.013. In addition, ejection fraction measured by M-mode had values of Mean+-SD of 45.91 ± 5.49 in cases group vs 43.01 ± 8.80 in control group which was statistically significant with a P value of 0.011. There was not a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding in-hospital death of all causes and stroke after primary PCI.

Conclusion
High intensity statin loading before primary PCI resulted in improved post-procedural TIMI flow, MBG, complete ST-segment resolution and ejection fraction as measured by M-mode but did not decrease incidence of in-hospital MACE.
Effect of colchicine on serum levels of the inflammatory markers: C - reactive protein and Interleukin-6 in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Mahmoud Badr Mahmoud Saied , Mohammed Haitham Galal , Sallam Ahmed Abdel , Aziz Rifaie Osama Abdel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Corrsponding author: Mahmoud Saied Mahmoud Badr. E-mail: mahmoudsaeed716@grnail.com