bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On recovery: re-directing the concept by differentiation of its meanings
Authors: Friedman Yael 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRecovery is a commonly used concept in both professional and everyday contexts. Yet despite its extensive use, it has not drawn much philosophical attention. In this paper, I question the common understanding of recovery, show how the concept is inadequate, and introduce new and much needed terminology. I argue that recovery glosses over important distinctions and even misrepresents the process of moving away from malady as "going back" to a former state of health. It does not invite important nuances needed to distinguish between biomedical, phenomenological, and social perspectives. In addition, I claim that there are many conditions where we are making use of the concept of recovery, although the person recovered from the condition in question, has not regained the same degree of soundness. I show how the concept of recovery leads to conceptual discrepancies that can result in worsening patients' conditions. To gain a fuller understanding, I propose to rethink the direction of the process in question. I define the process of moving away from malady as a move forward towards a new state of soundness. I also suggest three terms, corresponding to different perspectives, to describe this movement forward: 'curing' (biomedical perspective), 'healing' (first-person perspective), and 'habilitating' (social perspective). This new terminology provides a more nuanced understanding of the states of both malady and soundness and an attentiveness as to how they differ and relate.
Stevia rebaudiana germplasm characterization using microsatellite markers and steviol glycosides quantification by HPLC
Authors: Ribeiro Maria Margarida , Diamantino Tatiana , Domingues Joana , Montanari Ílio , Alves Marcos Nopper , Gonçalves José Carlos 
Published: April 2021

AbstractStevia rebaudianaBertoni, Asteraceae, is an herbaceous perennial plant native to Paraguay. This species is considered since ancient times a medicinal plant with important bioactive compounds and pharmacologic and food properties, namely diterpenes glycosides. The high natural sweetener potential stevioside and rebaudioside A produced byS. rebaudianaplants are suitable sucrose substitutes, and their obtention is influenced by environmental, phytosociological, and genetic factors. The plants’ genetic profile and sweet potential depiction are needed for suitable plant selection for improvement and deployment. Thirty-oneS. rebaudianaaccessions grown in the same plot where leaves samples were collected in early 2019, were genotyped using six microsatellite markers, including two steviol glycosides biosynthesis functionally involved markers. Additionally, an aqueous extract of each sample was obtained in a water bath and purified by SPE for stevioside and rebaudioside A quantification by normal phase HPLC. Stevioside and rebaudioside A contents varied between 0.53–7.36% (w w−1) and 0.37–3.60% (w w−1), respectively. Two genotypes displayed interesting ratios of rebaudioside A/stevioside (number 3 and 33). The level of genetic similarity between genotypes was tested through a pairwise similarity coefficient, and two groups of individuals had the same fingerprinting. Strong relatedness was found within genotypes, possibly due to cloning, thus, influx of new germplasm ought to be made to prevent mating between relatives, and for further selection and genetic improvement.
Enumerative Combinatorics of Intervals in the Dyck Pattern Poset
Authors: Bernini Antonio , Cervetti Matteo , Ferrari Luca , Steingrímsson Einar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe initiate the study of the enumerative combinatorics of the intervals in the Dyck pattern poset. More specifically, we find some closed formulas to express the size of some specific intervals, as well as the number of their covering relations. In most of the cases, we are also able to refine our formulas by rank. We also provide the first results on the Möbius function of the Dyck pattern poset, giving for instance a closed expression for the Möbius function of initial intervals whose maximum is a Dyck path having exactly two peaks.
Manipulation and liability to defensive harm
Authors: Renzo Massimo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPhilosophers working on the morality of harm have paid surprisingly little attention to the problem of manipulation. The aim of this paper is to remedy this lacuna by exploring how liability to defensive harm is affected by the fact that someone posing an unjust threat has been manipulated into doing so. In addressing this problem, the challenge is to answer the following question:Why should it be the case (if it is, indeed, the case) that being misled into posing an unjust threat by manipulation makes a difference to one’s liability, as compared to being misled into doing so by natural events or by someone’s honest attempt to persuade us?To answer this question, I first outline an account of manipulation and then use it to defend what I shall call the “Pre-emption Principle.”
Rights Metaphors Across Hybrid Legal Languages, Such as Euro English and Legal Chinese
Authors: Mannoni Michele 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on two legal languages such as the legal English developed by the European Union institutions (Euro English) and the legal Chinese of Mainland China, to study whether the mental representations and the embodied simulation created by the conceptual metaphors for the same Western concept,right, differ in any significant ways. By analysing the data contained in two large corpora, this study has found that, despite the common origin of the conceptrightin the two legal languages, they conceptualise it in a significantly different fashion. Finally, the findings of this study are read through the theoretical framework proposed for this special issue—hybridity and the Third Space. While it is somewhat straightforward to conceive of Euro English as a hybrid language, owing to the multilingual and supranational setting where it is used, this study has found that the Chinese legal language, too, is a hybrid language exhibiting linguistic features that intersect different belief systems.
Ten steps to 4C/ID: training differentiation skills in a professional development program for teachers
Authors: Frerejean Jimmy , van Geel Marieke , Keuning Trynke , Dolmans Diana , van Merriënboer Jeroen J. G. , Visscher Adrie J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper describes how an interdisciplinary design team used the Four-Component Instructional Design (4C/ID) model and its accompanying Ten Steps design approach to systematically design a professional development program for teaching differentiation skills to primary school teachers. This description illustrates how insights from a cognitive task analysis into classroom differentiation skills were combined with literature-based instructional design principles to arrive at the training blueprint for workplace-based learning. It demonstrates the decision-making processes involved in the systematic design of each of the four components: learning tasks, supportive information, procedural information, and part-task practice. While the design process was time and resource-intensive, it resulted in a detailed blueprint of a five-month professional development program that strategically combines learning activities to stimulate learning processes that are essential for developing the complex skillproviding differentiated instruction in a mathematics lesson.
Cultural transposition of a thinking classroom: to conceive possible unthoughts in mathematical problem solving activity
Authors: Mellone Maria , Pacelli Tiziana , Liljedahl Peter 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study concerns a professional development course designed and implemented for prospective teachers, centred on a teaching method regarding problem-solving activity, namely, the Thinking Classroom. The study is framed in the theory of cultural transposition, a perspective about the encounter with teaching practices from different cultural/school contexts. Cultural aspects are considered crucial and this encounter between cultures is seen as an opportunity for actors to become aware of their own unthoughts, i.e., some of the ‘invisible’ cultural beliefs about teaching and learning absorbed by their own culture. According to this framework, we present the results from a questionnaire given to all the participants, and two case studies of prospective teachers involved in the professional development, in order to discuss the kind of unthoughts on which they have focused in thinking about this training experience.
Eye contact effect: The role of vagal regulation and reactivity, and self-regulation of attention
Authors: Niedźwiecka Alicja 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEye contact is a crucial aspect of social interactions that may enhance an individual’s cognitive performance (i.e. the eye contact effect) or hinder it (i.e. face-to-face interference effect). In this paper, I focus on the influence of eye contact on cognitive performance in tasks engaging executive functions. I present a hypothesis as to why some individuals benefit from eye contact while others do not. I propose that the relations between eye contact and executive functioning are modulated by an individual’s autonomic regulation and reactivity and self-regulation of attention. In particular, I propose that individuals with more optimal autonomic regulation and reactivity, and more effective self-regulation of attention benefit from eye contact. Individuals who are less well regulated and over- or under-reactive and who do not employ effective strategies of self-regulation of attention may not benefit from eye contact and may perform better when eye contact is absent. I present some studies that justify the proposed hypothesis and point to a method that could be employed to test them. This approach could help to better understand the complex mechanisms underlying the individual differences in participant’s cognitive performance during tasks engaging executive functions.
Meta-analysis of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel used as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast cancer based on individual patient data (JBCRG-S01 study)
Authors: Futamura Manabu , Oba Mari , Masuda Norikazu , Bando Hiroko , Okada Morihito , Yamamoto Yutaka , Kin Takanori , Saeki Toshiaki , Nagashima Takeshi , Kuwayama Takashi , Toh Uhi , Hirano Akira , Inokuchi Masafumi , Yamagami Kazuhiko , Mizuno Yutaka , Kojima Yasuyuki , Nakayama Takahiro , Yasojima Hiroyuki , Ohno Shinji 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX), a novel taxane formulation, was developed to avoid cremophor/ethanol-associated toxicities including peripheral neuropathy and hypersensitivity. At least 35 phase II studies using combined nab-PTX and anthracycline in neoadjuvant settings are registered in Japan. We analyzed the efficacy and safety of nab-PTX based on patient characteristics in these studies.

Methods
We conducted a meta-analysis using individual patient data (IPD) to investigate the average efficacy of nab-PTX-containing regimens as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast cancer. IPD were provided by principal investigators who agreed to participate. The primary endpoint was pathological complete response (pCR) rate of each breast cancer subtype.

Results
We analyzed the data of 16 studies involving 753 patients. The overall crude frequencies of pCR (ypT0 ypN0, ypT0/is ypN0, and ypT0/is ypNX) were 18.1, 26.0, and 28.6%, respectively. Specifically, the frequencies were 6.7, 10.2, and 13.4% for luminal (n = 343); 40.5, 63.5, and 68.9% for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-rich, (n = 74); 21.9, 40.6, and 42.7% for luminal/HER2 (n = 96); and 26.3, 31.5, and 32.3% for triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) (n = 232). The multivariate analyses indicated that HER2 positivity, TNBC, high Ki-67, high nuclear grade, and weekly nab-PTX administration were significantly associated with the pCR. The proportion of hematological toxicities (neutropenia (39.7%) and leukopenia (22.5%)), peripheral sensory neuropathy (9.7%), myalgia (5.7%), and arthralgia (4.7%) was higher than grade 3 adverse events, but most patients recovered.

Conclusions
Nab-PTX is a safe and acceptable chemotherapeutic agent in neoadjuvant settings, particularly for aggressive cancers. UMIN-CTR#: UMIN000028774
Laparoscopic versus open distal pancreatectomy: a single centre propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Casadei Riccardo , Ingaldi Carlo , Ricci Claudio , Alberici Laura , De Raffele Emilio , Vaccaro Maria Chiara , Minni Francesco 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe laparoscopic approach is considered as standard practice in patients with body-tail pancreatic neoplasms. However, only a few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and propensity score matching (PSM) studies have been performed. Thus, additional studies are needed to obtain more robust evidence. This is a single-centre propensity score-matched study including patients who underwent laparoscopic (LDP) and open distal pancreatectomy (ODP) with splenectomy for pancreatic neoplasms. Demographic, intra, postoperative and oncological data were collected. The primary endpoint was the length of hospital stay. The secondary endpoints included the assessment of the operative findings, postoperative outcomes, oncological outcomes (only in the subset of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-PDAC) and total costs. In total, 205 patients were analysed: 105 (51.2%) undergoing an open approach and 100 (48.8%) a laparoscopic approach. After PSM, two well-balanced groups of 75 patients were analysed and showed a shorter length of hospital stay (P = 0.001), a lower blood loss (P = 0.032), a reduced rate of postoperative morbidity (P < 0.001) and decreased total costs (P = 0.050) after LDP with respect to ODP. Regarding the subset of patients with PDAC, 22 patients were analysed: they showed a significant shorter length of hospital stay (P = 0.050) and a reduction in postoperative morbidity (P < 0.001) after LDP with respect to ODP. Oncological outcomes were similar. LDP showed lower hospital stay and postoperative morbidity rate than ODP both in the entire population and in patients affected by PDAC. Total costs were reduced only in the entire population. Oncological outcomes were comparable in PDAC patients.
Association of obstructive sleep apnea with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with obesity: an observational study
Authors: Bettini Silvia , Serra Roberto , Fabris Roberto , Dal Prà Chiara , Favaretto Francesca , Dassie Francesca , Duso Claudio , Vettor Roberto , Busetto Luca 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is associated with the presence and severity of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). We aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of OSA and NAFLD and to recognize a polysomnographic parameter correlated with progression of fibrosis, determined by a non-invasive score of liver fibrosis, FIBrosis-4 index (FIB-4), in patients affected by severe obesity and OSA.

Methods
We enrolled 334 patients (Body Mass Index, BMI 44.78 ± 8.99 kg/m2), divided into classes according to severity of OSA evaluated with Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI): OSAS 0 or absent (17%), mild OSA (26%), moderate OSA (20%), severe OSAS (37%). We studied anthropometric, polysomnographic, biochemical data and FIB-4. A multiple regression model was computed to identify a polysomnographic independent predictor of FIB-4 among those parameters previously simple correlated with FIB-4.

Results
The severity of OSA was associated with a decrease in High-Density Lipoprotein–cholesterol (HDL) and an increase in BMI, triglycerides, Homeostasis model assessment insulin-resistance index (HOMA), transaminases and FIB-4. FIB-4 correlated with sex, age, BMI, AHI, mean percentage oxyhaemoglobin (meanSaO2%), number of desaturations, platelets, transaminases, HDL, triglycerides and HOMA. The only variables independently related to FIB-4 were sex, BMI, triglycerides and meanSpO2 (r = 0.47, AdjRsqr = 0.197).

Conclusion
MeanSpO2% represented an independent determinant for the worsening of FIB-4 in patients with severe obesity and OSA. Hence, it could hypothesize a clinical role of meanSaO2% in recognizing patients with obesity and OSA and higher risk of developing advanced fibrosis and, thus, to undergo further investigation.

Level III
Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort analytic studies.
Evaluation of minimal fracture liaison service resource: costs and survival in secondary fracture prevention—a prospective one-year study in South-Finland
Authors: Lüthje P. , Nurmi-Lüthje I. , Tavast N. , Villikka A. , Kataja M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Fracture liaison service (FLS) is a secondary prevention model for identification of patients at risk for fragility fractures.

Aims
This study was conducted to evaluate the number and costs of secondary prevention of low-energy fractures in the city of Kouvola in Finland.

Methods
Women aged ≥ 45 years and men ≥ 60 years treated in the emergency department with a low-energy fracture were identified. Laboratory testing, BMI, and DXA scans were performed. Fracture Risk Assessment Tool was used. The direct FLS costs were calculated. Survival was analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis and the life-table method.

Results
525 patients with 570 fractures were identified. The mean age of women was 73.8 years and of men 75.9 years. Most patients sustained wrist (31%), hip (21%) or proximal humerus (12%) fractures. 41.5% of the patients had osteoporosis according to DXA scans. 62% of patients used calcium and vitamin D daily and 38% started anti-osteoporotic medication. Protective factors for survival were: age < 80 years, female sex, and S-25OHD concentration of 50–119 nmol/L. Excess mortality was highest among patients with a fracture of the femur. The total annual direct costs of FLS were 1.3% of the costs of all fractures.

Discussion
Many low-energy fracture types were associated with excess mortality. The use of anti-osteoporotic medication was not optimal.

Conclusions
FLS increased the catchment of low-energy fracture patients and was inexpensive. However, identification, evaluation and post-fracture assessment of patients should be expedited. Rehabilitation of hip fracture patients needs to be improved.
Postoperative delirium after cardiac surgery of elderly patients as an independent risk factor for prolonged length of stay in intensive care unit and in hospital
Authors: Kirfel Andrea , Menzenbach Jan , Guttenthaler Vera , Feggeler Johanna , Mayr Andreas , Coburn Mark , Wittmann Maria 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a relevant and underdiagnosed complication after cardiac surgery that is associated with increased intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS). The aim of this subgroup study was to compare the frequency of tested POD versus the coded International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) diagnosis of POD and to evaluate the influence of POD on LOS in ICU and hospital.

Methods
254 elective cardiac surgery patients (mean age, 70.5 ± 6.4 years) at the University Hospital Bonn between September 2018 and October 2019 were evaluated. The endpoint tested POD was considered positive, if one of the tests Confusion Assessment Method for ICU (CAM-ICU) or Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), 4 'A's Test (4AT) or Delirium Observation Scale (DOS) was positive on one day.

Results
POD occurred in 127 patients (50.0%). LOS in ICU and hospital were significantly different based on presence (ICU 165.0 ± 362.7 h; Hospital 26.5 ± 26.1 days) or absence (ICU 64.5 ± 79.4 h; Hospital 14.6 ± 6.7 days) of POD (p < 0.001). The multiple linear regression showed POD as an independent predictor for a prolonged LOS in ICU (48%; 95%CI 31–67%) and in hospital (64%; 95%CI 27–110%) (p < 0.001). The frequency of POD in the study participants that was coded with the ICD F05.0 and F05.8 by hospital staff was considerably lower than tests revealed by the study personnel.

Conclusion
Approximately 50% of elderly patients who underwent cardiac surgery developed POD, which is associated with an increased ICU and hospital LOS. Furthermore, POD is highly underdiagnosed in clinical routine.
Fuzzy dynamic-prioritization agent-based system for forecasting job cycle time in a wafer fabrication plant
Authors: Chen Tin-Chih Toly , Wang Yu-Cheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA fuzzy dynamic-prioritization agent-based system was developed in this study to improve the forecasting of the cycle time of a job in a wafer fabrication plant (wafer fab). In this system, multiple fuzzy agents forecast the cycle time of a job from various viewpoints, after which the aggregation and evaluation agent aggregates these fuzzy cycle time forecasts using an innovative operator (i.e., the fuzzy weighted intersection) into a single representative value. Subsequently, the optimization agent varies the authority levels of the fuzzy cycle time forecasting agents to optimize the forecasting performance. A practical example was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the fuzzy dynamic-prioritization agent-based system. The experiment results indicated that the fuzzy dynamic-prioritization agent-based system outperformed three rival methods in improving forecasting accuracy. In addition, the forecasting performance could be enhanced by discriminating the authority levels of the fuzzy cycle time forecasting agents.
Adaptive feature extraction and fault diagnosis for three-phase inverter based on hybrid-CNN models under variable operating conditions
Authors: Sun Quan , Yu Xianghai , Li Hongsheng , Fan Jisheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe increasing reliability and availability requirements of power electronic systems have drawn great concern in many industrial applications. Aiming at the difficulty in fault characteristics extraction and fault modes classification of the three-phase full-bridge inverter (TFI) that used as the drive module of brushless DC motor (BLDCM). A hybrid convolutional neural network (HCNN) model consists of one-dimensional CNN (1D-CNN) and two-dimensional CNN (2D-CNN) is proposed in this paper, which can tap more effective spatial feature for TFI fault diagnosis. The frequency spectrum from the three-phase current signal preprocess are applied as the input for 1D-CNN and 2D-CNN to conduct feature extraction, respectively. Then, the feature layers information are combined in the fully connected layer of HCNN. Finally, the performance status of TFI could be identified by the softmax classifier with Adam optimizer. Several groups of experiments have been studied when the BLDCM under different operating conditions. The results show that the fusion features can get a higher degree of discrimination so as to the presented network model also obtains better classification accuracy, which verify the feasibility and superiority to the other networks.