bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marker-assisted selection: A smart biotechnological strategy for modern plant breeding
Authors: Shrestha Shruti , Subedi Sudeep , Jiban Jiban 
Published: March 2021

Plant breeders and geneticists use molecular marker-assisted selection also called as MAS as a useful approach for breeding of plant to make selection more efficient and speed up the breeding cycle. MAS can be more efficient, effective, and reliable than phenotypic selection. Molecular markers are useful to identify the economically important traits in the breeding population for further manipulation in a short time. Due to the applicability of markers at the seedling stage ensuring high precision at the reduced level of cost, marker-assisted selection offer the chances to improve responses from selection. The MAS using DNA level polymorphism accelerate the pace of selection. The main marker technologies applied are chiefly co-dominant markers i.e. microsatellite markers/SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) marker, RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) marker and SNPs (Single nucleotide polymorphisms). This review overviews the various MAS technologies and their applications in crop improvement programs.
Research Status of Hydrostatic Bearing Technology in Machine Tool
Authors: Yu Xiaodong , Gao Weicheng , Wu Guangpeng , Zhou Wenkai , Bi Hongwei , Wang Yu , Wang Junfeng , Jiao Jianhua 
Published: March 2021

Background:
As the basis of mechanical manufacturing, large-scale machine tools are
being developed for improving processing accuracy, load-bearing capacity and rigidity. Hydrostatic
thrust bearing, hydrostatic guide and hydrostatic ram are important components of large machine
tools; with the continuous improvement of product accuracy requirements, the research on
the hydrostatic thrust bearing, hydrostatic guide and hydrostatic ram has become more important.

Objective:
This paper presents the current research on hydrostatic thrust bearing, hydrostatic guide
and hydrostatic ram to highlight the importance of hydrostatic ram in improving the machining accuracy
of machine tools. The study aims to lay a foundation for research and development of hydrostatic
ram in the future.

Methods:
Firstly, the hydrostatic bearing technology is introduced. Secondly, the research status
of hydrostatic thrust bearing, hydrostatic guide and hydrostatic ram is presented to provide theoretical
basis for improving the processing performance of rest ram.

Result:
Deformation compensation and thermal deformation compensation of hydrostatic ram
have been studied more. Most of the research study focuses on the accuracy of hydrostatic ram,
but less on the bearing performance of hydrostatic ram.

Conclusion:
Breakthroughs have been made in the research on precision control and structural
form of the hydrostatic bearing at home and abroad. Most scholars take the ram of Computer Numerically
Control (CNC) boring and milling machines as the research object, but there is less research
on the ram of vertical lathes. Therefore, the academic circle should pay more attention to
the bearing performance of the hydrostatic ram of vertical lathes.
Reduced flu activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Cervoni Edoardo 
Published: March 2021

After the pandemic extent of SARS-CoV-2 infection was recognized in
mid-February 2020, indicators of influenza activity began to decline
worldwide.
The significant reduction in influenza activity may have implications in
terms of forecasting the most appropriate strains towards which to
direct the 2021/2022 vaccination campaign, its possible benefits against
the inevitable costs, not only economic, but also organizational. The
latter deserve special attention by virtue of the realistic need for a
new mass vaccination for Covid19 in autumn 2021.
In order to have a better perception of the fluctuation of influenza
activity at the level of General Practice, we verified the cases of
influenza diagnosed after hospitalisation for pneumonia and flu-like
illness for a period of 5 years in a population belonging to a large GP
Surgery in Merseyside, UK.
WE ARE NOT IN THE DARK
Authors: Hendricks Perry 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCritics of skeptical theism often claim that if it (skeptical theism) is true, then we are in the dark about whether (or for all we know) there is a morally justifying reason for God to radically deceive us. From here, it is argued that radical skepticism follows: if we are truly in the dark about whether there is a morally justifying reason for God to radically deceive us, then we cannot know anything. In this article, I show that skeptical theism does not entail that we are in the dark about whether (or for all we know) there is a morally justifying reason for God to deceive us. And hence arguments against skeptical theism that make use of this assumption fail.
Posthumanism in Hernan Diaz’s In the Distance
Authors: Abedi Pegah , Moradi-Joz Rasool 
Published: March 2021

This study is an attempt to shed new light on the potential representation of posthumanism, the posthuman condition in particular, in Hernan Diaz’s tour de force novel entitled “In the Distance.” The main focus of the study is highlighting the inextricable bond between humans and their surroundings in the most anthropocentric trend of posthumanism, and addressing our exploitative way of living and the outcomes of our ill-treatment toward the natural environment, as represented in one of the contemporary fictions, “In the Distance.” We are told that nature is an eternal Eden which was predestined for serving humankind, and will be balanced once it has fulfilled its duty. The novel, however, as evidenced by current environmental issues, makes an effort to warn us about the end of nature and in turn the failure of humanity. In the same context, this study seeks to demonstrate the “In the Distance” novel as one of the main works arguing for post-humanistic principles during and after the colonialization of America, accompanied by modern civilization and technological advancement in the late 19th and early 20th century.
Induksi Kalus Morfogenik dan Regenerasi Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) secara In Vitro
Authors: Inderiati Sitti , Yanti FNU , Mentari Eka Ria 
Published: March 2021

Propagasi in vitro merupakan cara memperoleh tanaman baru yang sehat secara cepat dan massal, Percobaan in vitro dilaksanakan untuk menginduksi kalus morfogenik dan regenerasi dari varietas tebu domestik. Bagian terdalam gulungan daun tebu digunakan sebagai eksplan dan diinkubasi pada medium MS yang dimodifikasi dan dilengkapi dengan 2,4-D pada konsentrasi 1 mg/l, 2.5 mg/l, dan 5 mg/l untuk menginduksi pembentukan kalus. Kalus yang terbentuk di medium induksi selanjutnya dipindahkan ke medium MS yang diperkaya dengan zat pengatur tumbuh untuk inisiasi dan perbanyakan tunas. Persentase pembentukan kalus tertinggi dicapai pada penggunaan medium yang mengandung 2.5 mg/l 2,4-D dan maksimal proliferasi kalus morfogenik diperoleh setelah subkultur ketiga. Dua tipe kalus yang terbentuk pada medium induksi yaitu berstruktur kering, remah dan struktur halus kompak. Jenis kalus yang morfogenik tersebut berwarna putih dan putih kekuningan serta mudah terpisah-pisah. Hasil proliferasi tunas dari kalus tertinggi diperoleh pada medium MS dengan kombinasi hormon tumbuh 2 mg/l Kinetin + 1 mg/l IAA dan tidak ada pertumbuhan tunas pada medium yang ditambahkan zat pengatur tumbuh tunggal, yaitu Kinetin. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa hormon tumbuh jenis sitokinin yang dikombinasi dengan auksin sangat dibutuhkan untuk regenerasi kalus tebu secara in vitro.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Abu Terbang dan Pupuk Kotoran Sapi terhadap Populasi Mikroorganisme di Tanah Ultisol
Authors: Kurniawati Nurleni , Priyadi FNU 
Published: March 2021

Ultisol tergolong tanah kering masam yang paling luas di Indonesia tetapi minim dimanfaatkan untuk bidang pertanian. Hal ini karena kandungan Al yang tinggi, kurangnya unsur hara, dan rendahnya nilai pH, sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan kondisi tanah. Fly ash dan pupuk kotoran sapi merupakan bahan yang dapat digunakan sebagai pembenah tanah ultisol. Fly ash merupakan limbah pembakaran batu bara dengan kandungan unsur hara dan dapat menaikkan pH tanah. Pupuk kotoran sapi mengandung unsur hara yang berperan dalam memperbaiki sifat biologi, kimia, dan fisika tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan populasi mikroorganisme tanah dengan penggunaan fly ash dan pupuk kotoran sapi sebagai pembenah tanah ultisol. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap yang disusun secara Faktorial dengan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 36 satuan percobaan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis fly ash dan faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk kotoran sapi. Variabel pengamatan berupa (total fungi, total bakteri, dan unsur kimia tanah). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan bahan pembenah tanah berupa fly ash dan pupuk kotoran sapi dapat mempengaruhi populasi mikroorganisme tanah dan sifat kimia pada tanah utisol. Populasi mikroorganisme tertinggi didapatkan pada dosis fly ash 100 t/ha dengan total populasi bakteri 7,6x105±1,78 Log CFU /g dan populasi fungi 17,8x107±1,29 Log CFU /g. Sedangkan dosis pupuk kandang sapi 10, 20, 30 t/ha tidak berbeda nyata pada variabel yang diamati. Penggunaan dosis fly ash 150 t/ha meningkatkan pH tanah mencapai 7,29, kandungan N 0,08%, P 52,36 mg/kg, K 26,48 mg/kg, dan C-Organik sebesar 1,12 %.
Potencial económico de plantas medicinales usadas en la gestación, parto y puerperio en Chachapoyas
Authors: Rodríguez Quezada María Del Pilar 
Published: March 2021

<p>La diversidad biológica actualmente es uno de los pilares de la economía peruana, pero debe usarse adecuadamente para su sostenibilidad. La investigación básica, descriptiva, exploratoria tuvo como objetivo estudiar el potencial económico de las plantas medicinales usadas para tratar problemas de salud durante el embarazo, parto y puerperio en la provincia de Chachapoyas. Se entrevistaron a 18 agentes de la medicina tradicional sobre la recolección, almacenamiento y preparación de las plantas medicinales usadas para tal fin,<br />lográndose identificar 31 plantas medicinales de 21 familias botánicas, para tratar hemorragia ginecológica, hipertensión agregada al embarazo, inflamación, infecciones urinarias y puerperales, dilatador uterino durante el parto; el manejo de las plantas medicinales forman parte de ciertas aptitudes de agricultura ecológica, al realizar el análisis del potencial económico mediante el diamante de porter se formularon propuestas, como la implementación de clusters para realizar un manejo sustentable de las plantas favoreciendo el desarrollo de la<br />región. </p>
Prevalencia de gingivitis, caries y maloclusiones en internas del penal de Huancas, Chachapoyas, Perú 2018
Authors: Silva Barrera Oscar Dionisio , Ordinola Ramirez Carla María 
Published: March 2021

<p>El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de gingivitis, caries y maloclusiones en las internas del Penal de Huancas, Chachapoyas, Perú, 2018. La muestra estuvo constituida por 20 internas del Pabellón A; los datos fueron recolectados en una ficha de registro de datos elaborada por el investigador. Los resultados evidencian que del 100 % de internas del penal de Huancas, el 70 % tiene gingivitis leve, el 10 % gingivitis moderada y solamente el 20 % no tiene gingivitis. La tasa general de prevalencia de gingivitis es de 80 casos por cada 100 personas, siendo una tasa alta. Respecto a la caries dental del 100 % de internas del Penal de Huancas presentan caries en alguna pieza dental. Esto indica que existe una tasa de caries dental de 100 casos por 100 personas, siendo una tasa muy elevada. En cuanto a la maloclusión, el 95 % no presenta mal oclusión y el 5 % presenta maloclusión de Clase I. Ninguna (0 %) de la internas presentó maloclusión de Clase II o Clase III. La tasa de maloclusión dental es de 5 casos por 100 personas, siendo una tasa baja. Se concluye que existe una alta tasa de prevalencia de gingivitis y caries dental; en cuanto a las maloclusiones dentales la tasa es baja.</p>
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Extract Improved Plasma Catalase Activity but not Malondialdehyde Level in Hind Limb Immobilized Rats
Authors: Zainie Aboo Bakkar  , Nooraqilah Rubaai  , Nur Afiqah Mahazi  , Nurhanisah Hosni  , Nik Nur Nadia Nik Mat  , Nur Sahira Al-Fattah Yahaya  , Hanan Kumar Gopalan  
Published: March 2021

Disused muscle atrophy (DMA) causes severe problems in aging society especially bedridden people. Oxidative stress is proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of DMA. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS) or roselle contains high flavonoids, a compound previously shown to be an effective antioxidant, antihypertensive and antidiabetic agent. Thus, the present study investigated the protective effects of HS against oxidative stress in the hind limb of immobilized rats. Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=6 per group): Control group received no intervention; Immobilized group received unilateral hind limb immobilization for five days; HS group received 100 mg/kg/bw through oral force feeding for 28 days; Immobilized + HS group received unilateral hind limb immobilization for five days followed by 28-days HS treatment with the same dosage. Blood samples were collected and analysed for DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and oxidative enzyme. Data were presented as mean ± SEM and statistically analysed by ANOVA. The results showed a significant increase in percentage of mild DNA damage after HS treatment in hind limb immobilized rat (Control: 86.5±1.4%; Immobilized: 25.0±5.5%; HS: 37.0±3.5%; Immobilized + HS: 56.7±7.9%, P=0.003). There was also significant increase in plasma catalase activity after HS treatment (plasma [hydrogen peroxide] in Control: 72.5±0.3 µg/ml; Immobilized: 65.1±1.3 µg/ml; HS: 68.3±3.2 µg/ml; Immobilized + HS: 56.5±4.9 µg/ml, P=0.006) but not in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level. In conclusion, these findings suggested that HS treatment may prevent oxidative stress-induced DMA in the rats' hind limb immobilization model.
Seroprevalence of celiac disease among children in Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Huda Sahib Al-Rawazq  , Luay Ibraheem Al-Rawi  , Riyadh Abdul-R Al-Zubaidy  
Published: March 2021

Celiac disease (CD) represents A unique disorders in which consumption of a food ingredient namely gluten-containing grains (wheat, rye, barley) in combination with genetic susceptibility is fundamental for the development of an a guilefully evolving autoimmune reaction influence the gut and other organs. The present study determines the celiac disease among suspected children. From special the laboratory for Pathogenesis Analyses in Baghdad 100 blood children samples was collected during the period from 1st March 2018 till the 31 th of July 2018, analyzed by two serological test which were Anti-tissue transglutaminase (tGT) antibodies and Anti-gliadin antibodies for the presence of serum Immunoglobulin A (IgA tGT), Immunoglobulin G (IgG tGT), Immunoglobulin A (IgA AGA), Immunoglobulin G (IgG AGA) were measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). In result obtained positive serological test Trasglutaminase (tGT) for IgA tGT was 5 (16.7 %), IgG tGT was12 (40.0 %), more than Antiglidin Antibodies IgA AGA was 3 (10.0 %), IgG AGA was 10 (33.3 %). the males was 18 (32.1 %) more than female between (6 year - 9 year) age group which represent 10 (37.0 %). The symptoms of celiac disease found with weight loss 26 (86.7 %), chronic diarrhea 21 (70.0 %), vomiting 19 (63.3 %). In this study, obtained positive serological test Trasglutaminase for (IgA, IgG tGT) Antibodies in male between age group (6 year - 9 year) and with the symptoms more found with weight loss, chronic diarrhea, vomiting.
PERANCANGAN INTERFACING KOMPUTER
Authors: Kusmantoro Adhi 
Published: March 2021

<span class="hps">Ada</span><span> </span><span class="hps">banyak</span><span> </span><span class="hps">perangkat lunak,</span><span> </span><span class="hps">menyediakan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">fasilitas</span><span> </span><span class="hps">ekspansi dan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">juga harga</span><span> </span><span class="hps">yang relatif</span><span> </span><span class="hps">murah,</span><span> </span><span class="hps">mewakili beberapa</span><span> </span><span class="hps">penyebab</span><span class="hps">cepat</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dia</span><span> </span><span class="hps">penggunaan komputer</span><span> </span><span class="hps">IBM</span><span> </span><span class="hps">PC</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dalam berbagai bidang</span><span>.</span><span> </span><span class="hps">IBM</span><span> </span><span class="hps">PC</span><span> </span><span class="hps">menyediakan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">slot</span><span> </span><span class="hps">ekspansi</span><span> </span><span class="hps">sebagai</span><span> </span><span class="hps">Moden</span><span> </span><span class="hps">untuk</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dela</span><span class="hps">dengan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dunia luar.</span>
TEKNOLOGI BIOMETRIK DENGAN METODE SIDIK JARI UNTUK SISTEM KEAMANAN DATABASE
Authors: Kusmantoro Adhi 
Published: March 2021

<span class="hps">Keamanan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dalam teknologi</span><span> </span><span class="hps">dunia maya</span><span> </span><span class="hps">pada saat</span><span> </span><span class="hps">sangat diperlukan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">mengingat</span><span> </span><span class="hps">banyaknya</span><span> </span><span class="hps">masyarakat yang</span><span> </span><span class="hps">telah mengakui</span><span class="hps">teknologi,</span><span> </span><span class="hps">sehingga</span><span> </span><span class="hps">kecenderungan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">banyak</span><span> </span><span class="hps">ingin mengetahui</span><span> </span><span class="hps">atau bahkan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">mencuri sesuatu</span><span> </span><span class="hps">rahasia</span><span> </span><span class="hps">super yang</span><span> </span><span class="hps">sifatnya</span><span> </span><span class="hps">atau hak cipta</span><span> </span><span class="hps">yang</span><span> </span><span class="hps">di bawah</span><span> </span><span class="hps">aeigis</span><span> </span><span class="hps">hukum</span><span> </span><span class="hps">untuk mencari</span><span> </span><span class="hps">keuntungan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">individu dengan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">crack atau</span><span> </span><span class="hps">lebih dikenal dengan</span><span> </span><span class="hps">hacker.</span>
The influence of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority on the Bank's Management Board
Authors: Grodziska Beata 
Published: March 2021

Aim: The aim of the article is to analyze the supervisory measures available to the Polish Financial Supervision Authority in relation to the management board of banks operating in Poland and to indicate whether these measures have a real impact on their functioning and internal structure. On this basis, the proposed changes for the Polish supervision model will be indicated. The article is to be the basis for a discussion on the actual possibilities of supervisory authorities in individual European countries.

Design/ Research methods: dogmatic and legal method, reflection on the Polish banking law, Polish and foreign legal literature.

Conclusions/findings: The analysis of the indicated subject matter led to the conclusion that the possibility of using measures of an imperative nature is an element included in the concept of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority as a public administration body. Despite the powers vested in it, each time there must always be premises for the supervisory authority to apply certain sanctions to members of the bank’s management board. Therefore, the Polish Financial Supervision Authority is not fully independent.

Originality/ value of the article: The article is of value for legislative bodies, it indicates de lege ferenda postulates that should be applied for the Polish Financial Supervision Authority to be independent in the field of supervision over bank management boards.

Implications of the research: The changes to the Polish banking law are necessary for the Polish Financial Supervision Authority to be able to exercise actual supervision, especially within the banking segment.
Reflections on the SARS-Covid-2 pandemic after one year: predictable, preventable but inevitable: an ecologist’s perspective
Authors: Harvey Jeffrey 
Published: March 2021

Aim: The major aim of the current essay is to argue that neoliberal capitalism, by virtue of its core tenets, has significantly increased the risk of disease outbreaks like SARS-Covid-2.

Conclusion/Finding: The dominant socio-political-economic system across the industrialized world is neoliberal capitalism that focuses on economic growth and profit maximization. These are obtained in part through the weakening or elimination of environmental regulations. Although neoliberalism has brought benefits to some, it has exacerbated social and economic divisions within and between countries. More importantly, it is undeniably responsible for increasing the rate of environmental destruction, especially in developing countries in the south, which are rich is resources and raw materials coveted by multinational corporations based in the western developed countries. The loss and/or fragmentation of ecosystems is also bringing people into closer contact with many species that were once largely insulated from human communities, such as bats, that harbor harmful viruses with the potential to affect people through zoonotic spill-over via another wild or domesticated species.

Originality/Value of Article: Because it eschews the precautionary principle, neoliberal capitalism is uniquely ill-equipped to prepare for potential calamities like pathogenic outbreaks and, more worryingly, climate change. This makes it obsolete in the Anthropocene. We need to seriously work towards making structural changes in the socio-political landscape in ways that reduce the damage we are doing and also strive to create social justice across the world. This is imperative if we are to create a sustainable future and to protect much of the living world from destruction.
CORONAVIRUS INFECTION AND ITS CONTROL THROUGH VARIOUS APPROACHES: A SHORT REVIEW
Authors: Shareef Shoaib , Khalil Sawera , Sharif Muhammad Shahid 
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus is a common virus causing very serious issues to public health. This virus, SARS-COV-2, has disseminated worldwide respiratory illness, designated as COVID-19. This viral infection disturbs people in various ways. A lot of people infested due to this virus develop a mild illness and get relief soon without any sort of hospitalization. But mostly, it becomes highly severe later and the patient has to undergo shortening of breath as well as some other chest-related abnormalities like Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Acute Respiratory Syndrome. In this manuscript, we have discussed multiple areas like symptomatology, management approaches including Homoeopathic and Allopathic (drugs) treatments, plus vaccination. Lastly, we have put in the conclusion of overall literature, and most importantly implicated or suggested certain new research areas for the researchers to explore which may assist in preventing further spread of this threatening syndrome now and in the future.