bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
МЕДИЧНІ ФОНДИ ЯК СТРУКТУРА БЛАГОДІЙНИЦТВА В НЕЗАЛЕЖНІЙ УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Завулічна І. І. 
Published: November 2021

Анотація. У статті здійснено аналіз та подано оцінку благодійності медичних фондів періоду незалежної України, які своєю діяльністю акцентували увагу на доброчинності, допомозі, підтримці та інших питаннях медицини.
Проаналізовано мету створення медичних благодійних фондів, яка полягала у цілеспрямованості на медичну соціальну допомогу, захист людини, наукове вдосконалення лікарів, поширення медичних знань, надання допомоги тим, хто її потребує.
На особливу увагу заслуговують благодійні фонди, які відіграли важливу роль у розвитку і започаткованості нових галузей допомоги, реалізації програм, зокрема Всеукраїнський благодійний фонд «Крона», Міжнародний благодійний фонд «Україна 3000», Всеукраїнський благодійний фонд «Серце до серця», Благодійний фонд «КРАН», Всеукраїнський благодійний фонд «Дитячий світ», Міжнародний благодійний фонд «Здоровʼя українського народу», Благодійний фонд «Твоя опора», Український фонд благодійності «Мрію жити», Товариство Червоного Хреста України, Благодійний фонд «Мати Тереза».
Резюмуючи, можна сказати, що діяльність медичних фондів серед інших форм доброчинності в незалежній Україні стала невід’ємною складовою системи доброчинності у сфері медицини.
Мета цієї статті полягає власне у визначенні місця благодійності медичних фондів у незалежній Україні.
SNPs for Genes Encoding the Mitochondrial Proteins Sirtuin3 and Uncoupling Protein 2 Are Associated With Disease Severity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Outcomes in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and This Is Recapitulated in a New Mouse Model Lacking Both Genes
Authors: Zhang Yongneng , Zervopoulos Sotirios D. , Boukouris Aristeidis E. , Lorenzana‐Carrillo Maria Areli , Saleme Bruno , Webster Linda , Liu Yongsheng , Haromy Alois , Tabatabaei Dakhili Seyed Amirhossein , Ussher John R. , Sutendra Gopinath , Michelakis Evangelos D. 
Published: October 2021

Background

Isolated loss‐of‐function single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for
SIRT3
(a mitochondrial deacetylase) and
UCP2
(an atypical uncoupling protein enabling mitochondrial calcium entry) have been associated with both pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and insulin resistance, but their collective role in animal models and patients is unknown.

Methods and Results

In a prospective cohort of patients with PAH (n=60), we measured SNPs for both
SIRT3
and
UCP2,
along with several clinical features (including invasive hemodynamic data) and outcomes. We found
SIRT3
and
UCP2
SNPs often both in the same patient in a homozygous or heterozygous manner, correlating positively with PAH severity and associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes and 10‐year outcomes (death and transplantation). To explore this mechanistically, we generated double knockout mice for
Sirt3
and
Ucp2
and found increasing severity of PAH (mean pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy/dilatation and extensive vascular remodeling, including inflammatory plexogenic lesions, in a gene dose‐dependent manner), along with insulin resistance, compared with wild‐type mice. The suppressed mitochondrial function (decreased respiration, increased mitochondrial membrane potential) in the double knockout pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells was associated with apoptosis resistance and increased proliferation, compared with wild‐type mice.

Conclusions
Our work supports the metabolic theory of PAH and shows that these mice exhibit spontaneous severe PAH (without environmental or chemical triggers) that mimics human PAH and may explain the findings in our patient cohort. Our study offers a new mouse model of PAH, with several features of human disease that are typically absent in other PAH mouse models.
Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease in Older Patients With Diabetes: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hong Sangmo , Park Jung Hwan , Han Kyungdo , Lee Chang Beom , Kim Dong Sun , Yu Sung Hoon 
Published: November 2021

Background
Blood pressure (BP) targets in elderly patients with diabetes remain unclear. We evaluated the association between BP and cardiovascular disease in elderly patients with diabetes without cardiovascular disease or heart failure.

Methods and Results

We performed a retrospective cohort study of 225 563 elderly (aged ≥65 years) patients with diabetes without cardiovascular disease or heart failure from 2009 to 2017 using the National Health Information Database. We divided the participants by systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP. Primary composite outcomes were stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and all‐cause death analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis adjusted for baseline covariates. During a median follow‐up of 7.76 years, the incidence rate of primary composite outcomes was 26.62 per 1000 person‐years. In multivariable Cox proportional hazard modeling, the risk of the primary outcome had a U‐curved association with SBP/diastolic blood pressure with a nadir between 120 and 129 mm Hg/65 and 69 mm Hg, respectively. Hypertension medication was associated with lower risk of primary composite outcomes in SBP ≥140 mm Hg (
P
for interaction for SBP <0.001) and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg (
P
for interaction for diastolic blood pressure=0.018). In participants aged ≥80 years, SBP ≥160 mm Hg was only a marginally higher risk for primary composite outcomes (hazard ratio=1.11; 95% CI, 0.98–1.24).

Conclusions
In this large sample of older Korean patients with diabetes, cardiovascular events were more common in people with resting SBP or diastolic BP ≥140 or 95 mm Hg, respectively, and also more common in people with resting SBP or diastolic BP <120 or 65 mm Hg, respectively.
Prevalence and Outcomes of Low‐Gradient Severe Aortic Stenosis—From the National Echo Database of Australia
Authors: Snir Afik D. , Ng Martin K. , Strange Geoff , Playford David , Stewart Simon , Celermajer David S. 
Published: October 2021

Background
The prevalence and outcomes of the different subtypes of severe low‐gradient aortic stenosis (AS) in routine clinical cardiology practice have not been well characterized.

Methods and Results
Data were derived from the National Echocardiography Database of Australia. Of 192 060 adults (aged 62.8±17.8 [mean±SD] years) with native aortic valve profiling between 2000 and 2019, 12 013 (6.3%) had severe AS. Of these, 5601 patients (47%) had high‐gradient and 6412 patients (53%) had low‐gradient severe AS. The stroke volume index was documented in 2741 (42.7%) patients with low gradient; 1750 patients (64%) with low flow, low gradient (LFLG); and 991 patients with normal flow, low gradient. Of the patients with LFLG, 1570 (89.7%) had left ventricular ejection fraction recorded; 959 (61%) had paradoxical LFLG (preserved left ventricular ejection fraction), and 611 (39%) had classical LFLG (reduced left ventricular ejection fraction). All‐cause and cardiovascular‐related mortality were assessed in the 8162 patients with classifiable severe AS subtype during a mean±SD follow‐up of 88±45 months. Actual 1‐year and 5‐year all‐cause mortality rates varied across these groups and were 15.8% and 49.2% among patients with high‐gradient severe AS, 11.6% and 53.6% in patients with normal‐flow, low‐gradient severe AS, 16.9% and 58.8% in patients with paradoxical LFLG severe AS, and 30.5% and 72.9% in patients with classical LFLG severe AS. Compared with patients with high‐gradient severe AS, the 5‐year age‐adjusted and sex‐adjusted mortality risk hazard ratios were 0.94 (95% CI, 0.85–1.03) in patients with normal‐flow, low‐gradient severe AS; 1.01 (95% CI, 0.92–1.12) in patients with paradoxical LFLG severe AS; and 1.65 (95% CI, 1.48–1.84) in patients with classical LFLG severe AS.

Conclusions
Approximately half of those patients with echocardiographic features of severe AS in routine clinical practice have low‐gradient hemodynamics, which is associated with long‐term mortality comparable with or worse than high‐gradient severe AS. The poorest survival was associated with classical LFLG severe AS.
Plasma Metabolites–Based Prediction in Cardiac Surgery–Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Cui Hao , Shu Songren , Li Yuan , Yan Xin , Chen Xiao , Chen Zujun , Hu Yuxuan , Chang Yuan , Hu Zhenliang , Wang Xin , Song Jiangping 
Published: October 2021

Background
Cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury (CSA‐AKI) is a common postoperative complication following cardiac surgery. Currently, there are no reliable methods for the early prediction of CSA‐AKI in hospitalized patients. This study developed and evaluated the diagnostic use of metabolomics‐based biomarkers in patients with CSA‐AKI.

Methods and Results

A total of 214 individuals (122 patients with acute kidney injury [AKI], 92 patients without AKI as controls) were enrolled in this study. Plasma samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry using untargeted and targeted metabolomic approaches. Time‐dependent effects of selected metabolites were investigated in an AKI swine model. Multiple machine learning algorithms were used to identify plasma metabolites positively associated with CSA‐AKI. Metabolomic analyses from plasma samples taken within 24 hours following cardiac surgery were useful for distinguishing patients with AKI from controls without AKI. Gluconic acid, fumaric acid, and pseudouridine were significantly upregulated in patients with AKI. A random forest model constructed with selected clinical parameters and metabolites exhibited excellent discriminative ability (area under curve, 0.939; 95% CI, 0.879–0.998). In the AKI swine model, plasma levels of the 3 discriminating metabolites increased in a time‐dependent manner (
R
2
, 0.480–0.945). Use of this AKI predictive model was then confirmed in the validation cohort (area under curve, 0.972; 95% CI, 0.947–0.996). The predictive model remained robust when tested in a subset of patients with early‐stage AKI in the validation cohort (area under curve, 0.943; 95% CI, 0.883–1.000).

Conclusions
High‐resolution metabolomics is sufficiently powerful for developing novel biomarkers. Plasma levels of 3 metabolites were useful for the early identification of CSA‐AKI.
This Blessed Sacrament of Unity? Holy Communion, the Pandemic, and the Church of England
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , Village Andrew 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A major consequence of the pandemic for the Church of England was the decision of the Archbishops on 24 March 2020 to prevent the use of churches (even for the broadcasting of services by the clergy), and the consequent sudden trajectory into online worship streamed by clergy from their homes. On Easter Sunday the Archbishop of Canterbury exemplified the challenge confronting Anglican clergy by presiding for the nation from his kitchen table. This sudden change to online services may have highlighted differences in eucharistic practice within the Church of England, differentiating between those shaped in the Anglo-Catholic, Broad Church, and Evangelical traditions. This paper tests the thesis that during the initial days of lockdown this blessed sacrament of unity also embraced rich diversity among loyal Anglicans. Data provided by 3,286 laity and 1,353 clergy from the Coronavirus, Church & You Survey lend support for this thesis.
Parametric analysis and optimization of fused deposition modeling technique for dynamic mechanical properties of acrylic butadiene styrene parts
Authors: Dev Saty , Srivastava Rajeev 
Published: October 2021

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology is catching the fast global market in the real-time production of polymeric parts. Process variables highly influence the performance characteristics of FDM-generated parts, so mechanical performance is not perfect for all applications. In actual conditions, parts produced by FDM are constantly subjected to loading at different temperatures. The former studies mainly concentrated on the properties of FDM products to static loading environments. There is a scope of effective investigation on the influence of FDM processing conditions on dynamic mechanical properties using artificial intelligence (AI) based techniques. The present study focused on investigation and optimization the manufacturing process parameters to evaluate the dynamic mechanical performance of FDM-produced part. The experimental runs were obtained through central composite design in Minitab software. A DMA8000 instrument was used to test the specimens for dynamic mechanical performance. The mathematical models were developed and optimized through different approaches like response surface methodology-genetic algorithm (RSM-GA) and artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA). The techniques for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) is employed to obtain the best parameter settings from sets of optimized solutions. The sequential use of ANN-GA and TOPSIS methods predicted the highest values of storage modulus 1619.61 MPa and loss modulus 257.38 MPa corresponding to 68.94° raster angle, 81.48% infill density, 0.10 mm layer thickness, 237.73°C nozzle temperature and 38.97 mm/s print head speed. The confirmation tests were conducted to validate the predicted result that upscale the desired properties. The RSM-GA-TOPSIS occurred with a prediction error of 2.40% and −3.31%, corresponding to storage and loss modulus. Similarly, ANN-GA-TOPSIS shows 2.17% and 2.89% prediction error corresponding to storage and loss modulus. The experimental and analytical outcome of present study will be helpful for the designers of intricate functional parts which come under thermo-mechanical loading conditions.
Treatment Effect of Regional Sodium Citrate Anticoagulation in Elderly Patients With High-Risk Bleeding Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Xun Kang , Qiu Hong , Jia Miao , Lin Lihua , He Meiling , Li Damei , Jin Donghua 
Published: October 2021

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) on elderly patients at high risk of bleeding after continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Methods A total of 31 patients at high risk of bleeding who received CRRT in the intensive care unit were collected. The patients were divided into RCA group (n = 17) and no anticoagulation group (NA, n = 14) according to whether RCA was used or not. The levels of creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), total calcium (tCa), ionized calcium ion (iCa2+), sodium ion (Na+), bicarbonate ion (HCO3−), tCa/iCa2+ ratio, and pH were observed after treatment. The filter use time, number of filters used, filter obstruction events, clinical outcomes, and safety evaluation indexes were compared post-treatment. Results After treatment, serum Cr and BUN levels, APTT and PT levels in the RCA group were significantly lower than the NA group. The tCa, iCa2+, HCO3−, tCa/iCa2+, and pH were within the normal range after RCA treatment while Na+ levels saw a significant increase. In the RCA group, the filter using time was significantly longer, with significantly reduced numbers of filter use within 72 h and filter disorder events. Additionally, patients in the RCA group showed significant recovery of renal function and a significant reduction in bleeding events and in-hospital mortality. Conclusion RCA treatment significantly improves clinical outcome of patients at high risk of bleeding after CRRT, safely and effectively prolongs the filter life and avoids coagulation incidences.
Preoperative Psychometric Properties of PROMIS Upper Extremity, Pain Interference, and Depression in Bankart Repair and Rotator Cuff Repair (115)
Authors: Vadhera Amar , Beletsky Alexander , Singh Harsh , Chahla Jorge , Cole Brian , Verma Nikhil 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: To examine the preoperative and postoperative performance of PROMIS Upper Extremity 2.0 across various orthopedic procedures for the upper extremity. Secondarily, to define susceptibility to pre- and post-operative floor and ceiling effects. Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected patient-reported outcome (PRO) data was conducted utilizing an electronic outcome registry for procedures between May 2017 and August 2018. Current procedural terminology (CPT) codes were utilized to examine cohorts for various upper extremity orthopedic procedures including Bankart repair and arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR). Shapiro-Wilks normality testing was used to assess score distributions for normalcy; given non-normal score distributions, Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated for preoperative patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores. Absolute floor and ceiling effects were calculated for each time point based on CPT code. Results: A total of 488 patients were included across Bankart repair (n=109, 29.3 + 12.5 years) and ARCR (n=379, 57.5 + 9.5 years) cohorts. In the Bankart repair cohort, PROMIS PI demonstrate strong correlations with ASES (r=-0.63), Constant (r=-0.75), PROMIS UE (r=-0.75), and the VR6D (r=-0.61). PROMIS Depression (r=0.23 vs. 0.17), SF12 MCS (r=0.34 vs. 0.11), and VR12 MCS (r=0.44 vs. 0.15) exhibited poor correlations with PROMIS PI and UE, respectively. In the ARCR cohort, PROMIS PI scores demonstrated a good correlation with PROMIS UE (r=0.61). Constant (r=0.58 vs. 0.67), VR12 PCS (r=0.58 vs. 0.47), and VR6D (r=0.67 vs. 0.53) exhibited good correlations with both PROMIS PI and UE measures, respectively. No significant absolute floor or ceiling effects were observed for the PROMIS instruments except PROMIS Depression; an absolute floor was noted for both Bankart (n=12, 30%) and ARCR (n=38, 14.7%) groups. Conclusions: PROMIS PI and UE instruments perform comparably to legacy outcome instruments in patients receiving Bankart repair, as well as those receiving ARCR. Furthermore, in both populations, the PROMIS Depression instrument exhibits absolute floor effects, whereas PROMIS PI and UE instruments fail to demonstrate any absolute floor or ceiling effects.
Rotator Cuff Repair and the Bovine Bioinductive Patch: Excellent Functional Outcomes and Satisfaction in Patients with Comorbidities (238)
Authors: Plancher Kevin , Petterson Stephanie 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: Structural failure of rotator cuff repair (RCR) has been reported to occur in 20-94% at one to two-year follow-up with 80% of these failures occurring within three months of surgical intervention. Poor functional outcomes as well as higher rates of retear have been reported in patients with compromised healing potential due to comorbidities such as diabetes, smoking, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia. Augmentation with growth factors and stem cells and/or biologically augmented patches has been shown to decrease re-tear rates. Biologically-augmented patches provide an environment that is conducive for cell and vessel migration. We investigated patient outcomes following RCR plus bovine bioinductive patch augmentation. Methods: A consecutive series of patients (2015-2018) that underwent RCR plus bovine bioinductive patch by a single surgeon were identified. Patients with diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and smokers were included. Patients were excluded with revision rotator cuff repairs. Physical exam included shoulder ROM and manual muscle strength. Patients completed DASH, SF-12 physical and mental, VAS pain and patient satisfaction scores to assess postoperative functional outcomes. Paired sample t-tests were used to assess differences before and after surgery (p<0.05). Results: Sixteen patients (5 females, 62.3±14 years of age, BMI 32.3±13.7) that underwent arthroscopic RCR plus bovine bioinductive patch augmentation were included. Twelve patients had symptomatic 50-90% partial tears and four patients had full thickness tears. Average follow-up was 25.8±13.1 months. Mean shoulder flexion increased from 148.8°±17.5° to 164.7°±15.0° (p=0.0097), external rotation at 90° abduction increased from 67.8°±36.4° to 88.4°±3.5° (p=0.0316). No significant changes were seen in internal rotation behind the back (p=0.1750) or shoulder muscle strength measurements (all p>0.4471). Postoperative DASH score was 10.4±12.8, SF-12 physical score was 52.8±5, SF-12 mental score was 54.2±5.6, VAS pain score was 0.56±0.88, and patient satisfaction was 8.5±0.55. There were no complications or clinical failures at average 3-year follow-up. Patients returned to preoperative sports, including tennis, swimming, bowling, and weightlifting at an average of 21.9±14.3 weeks. Conclusions: RCR with bovine bioinductive patch augmentation is a good alternative treatment for patients with multiple comorbidities and partial and full thickness rotator cuff tears yielding high patient satisfaction, no loss of shoulder ROM or strength, good functional outcomes, and return to preoperative sports.
Flexible Bronchoscopy Simulation as a Tool to Improve Surgical Skills in Otolaryngology Residency
Authors: Santa Maria Chloe , Sung Chi‐Kwang , Lee Jennifer Y. , Chhetri Dinesh K. , Mendelsohn Abie H. , Dewan Karuna 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the benefits of simulation to teach flexible bronchoscopy.Study DesignA prospective cohort study to assess the bronchoscopic skills of residents in an otolaryngology training program using a commercially available bronchoscopy simulator.SettingTertiary care otolaryngology residency program.MethodsThirty‐two otolaryngology residents and 4 expert faculty across 2 academic institutions were assessed on 3 flexible bronchoscopy tasks: diagnostic bronchoscopy, foreign body removal, and tracheal lesion biopsy. Performance was evaluated with a modified version of the validated Bronchoscopy Skills and Tasks Assessment Tool. At 1 of the 2 academic institutions, an additional tool was implemented to evaluate the simulator.ResultsThere was a correlation between postgraduate training year and time taken to complete tasks, including bronchoscopy, foreign body extraction, and passing through the glottis (P <. 001, P =. 04, and P <. 01, respectively). There was a significant difference between residents and faculty laryngologists for a range of skills and tasks, including percentage of time in middle lumen, contact with bronchial walls, inadvertent esophagus entry, and biopsy of healthy tissue (P <. 001, P =. 003, P <. 001, and P <. 001). Additionally, increasing postgraduate level was correlated with a higher percentage of time in the center of the lumen and reduced time to task completion (P =. 05 and P <. 001). Of 32 residents, 20 evaluated the simulator on its realism, with an average score of 4.1 of 5.ConclusionThe commercially available flexible bronchoscopy simulator provides a valid assessment of bronchoscopic skill and is a useful tool for practicing bronchoscopy in a safe, controlled environment.Level of EvidenceIndividual cohort study.