bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation, Characterization and Phytochemical Evaluation of Active Compound Coumarin from Oldenlandia corymbosa (Linn)
Authors: Jose Sonja , Jayakar B. 
Published: September 2021

Medicinal plants have served through ages, as a constant source of medicaments for the exposure of a variety of diseases. Plants are known to provide cures for various human illnesses and are a rich source of phyto constituents having diversified pharmacological properties. Oldenlandia corymbosa (L.) (syn. Hedyotis corymbosa Lam., Thai name Ya-Lin-Ngu), a member of the family Rubiaceae, is widely distributed in tropical regions of Asia. The decoction of whole plants is used in traditional medicine for antipyretic purposes to decrease body temperature. Pharmacologically, the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties of plant extracts have been reported. This plant is well known to contain mainly iridoid glucosides. The whole plant contains reducing sugars, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides and alkaloids. The present aim of the study is to extraction and isolation of bioactive compound from Oldenlandia corymbosa (L.). The isolation and characterization analysis included, Thin Layer Chromatography, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, GC-MS and Spectroscopy studies (IR, NMR, and MASS). The presences of coumarin in the methanolic fraction revealed that the isolated constituent is most active compound. Isolation of bioactive compound coumarin may help in identification of various pharmacological activities and carrying out further research in Oldenlandia corymbosa (L.).
Holistic Analysis of Material Properties in Phylogenetically Diverse Spider Silks and Their Influence on Cell Adhesion
Authors: Stadlmayr Sarah , Mautner Andreas , Bacher Markus , Peter Karolina , Mentler Axel , Schulz Stefan , Lichtenegger Helga , Brecker Lothar , Bismarck Alexander , Naghilou Aida , Radtke Christine 
Published: December 2024

AbstractReconstruction of long‐segment peripheral nerve gaps remains a clinical challenge, as neither autografts nor FDA‐approved nerve conduits achieve satisfactory functional recovery. Conduits filled with native Trichonephila dragline silk show promise for nerve defects exceeding the critical length, but translating natural silk to clinical use has limitations, necessitating research into recombinant silk replica. The search for optimal silk templates is ongoing, with numerous spider species still unexplored. This study aims to compare the ability of four native silk fibers from phylogenetically diverse spider families to support nerve regeneration. The influence of fiber morphology, primary and secondary protein structures, surface charge, chemical composition, and mechanical properties on the initial cell attachment is studied. Results demonstrate that silk collected from Peucetia lucasi do not adequately support Schwann cell adhesion, which is caused by the lack of a lipid layer and the limited fiber wettability. This reduced wettability, governed by the ratio of hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acids of silk, is particularly relevant when considering the deployment of uncoated artificial silk fibers for neural tissue engineering. This knowledge is crucial for paving the way toward full functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury via implanting advanced synthetic nerve guidance conduits enhanced with luminal silk alternatives.
Carboxymethyl Chitosan‐Based Antioxidant Hydrogel Accelerates Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Jiaying , Zhao Sifang , Zhou Yifan , Liang Hongze , Zhao Lingling , Tan Hui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDiabetic wound healing is hampered due to oxidative stress, exacerbated inflammation, and impaired angiogenesis in the wounds. A pH‐sensitive antioxidant hydrogel based on carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), oligoprocyanidins (OPC), and oxide dextran (Oxd) is prepared to accelerate diabetic wound healing. The hydrogel network is formed via imine and hydrogen bonding interactions in the presence of hydroxyl, amino, and aldehyde groups, and deferoxamine (DFO) is incorporated into the hydrogel. The hydrogel shows pH‐triggered drug release, a good antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory properties, and can promote tube formation and cell migration in vitro. Moreover, the hydrogel can accelerate wound healing in streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic mice by regulating the inflammation environment with up‐regulation of anti‐inflammatory factors (IL‐4 and IL‐10) and down‐regulation of pro‐inflammatory factors (TNF‐α and IL‐6), and promoting angiogenesis with up‐regulation of HIF‐1α, VEGF, and CD31. Thus, the pH‐sensitive antioxidant hydrogel provides a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound healing.
Flexible Photonic Materials and Devices: Synthetic Strategies, Sensing Properties, and Wearable Applications
Authors: Zhang Chunhuan , Zhao Yong Sheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWearable technology is becoming increasingly visible in the daily life for improving human health and performance. Flexible photonics is rapidly emerging as a promising platform for advancing the wearable technology. The development and innovative use of flexible photonic materials play crucial roles in designing flexible sensor devices for wearable applications. Here it is aimed to summarize the key advancements in developing flexible photonic materials and devices for wearable sensing applications. In turn the synthetic strategies, sensing properties, and wearable applications of flexible photonic materials and devices will be comprehensively discussed. Finally, it is attempted to give an outlook on the future challenges and research trends in this fascinating field.
Lattice‐Matched Ru/W2C Heterointerfaces with Reversible Hydrogen Spillover for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Jiang Jian‐Zhong , Liu Shangguo , Li Zijian , Kim Min Gyu , Jang Haeseong , Liu Xien , Hou Liqiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe effect of lattice‐matched heterointerfaces on the hydrogen reverse spillover process for accelerating alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics has not yet been reported. Herein, a lattice‐matched Ru/W2C heterostructure is successfully constructed for effective hydrogen production. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the Ru nanocluster can effectively stabilize W2C and thus promote the formation of phase‐pure W2C in the Ru/W2C heterostructure. In addition, it is revealed that H2O dissociation proceeded on W2C, and the formed H intermediates are subsequently migrated to adjacent interfacial Ru sites for H─H coupling and H2 release. This is enabled via a reversible hydrogen spillover mechanism promoted by the lattice‐matched heterointerfaces that can weaken interfacial proton adsorption. As expected, the Ru/W2C heterogeneous electrocatalyst exhibited a superior HER performance with a low overpotential of 17 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a high mass current density (6.44 A mgRu−1), and a low turnover frequency (TOF) value (2.8 s−1) at the overpotential of 100 mV, far overwhelming the benchmark Ru/C and Pt/C. The study may offer a new perspective for the design of highly active electrocatalysts for alkaline HER.
Combined effect of frailty and sarcopenia on postoperative complications in older adults undergoing curative surgery for hepato‐biliary‐pancreatic cancer
Authors: Harimoto Norifumi , Sugimachi Keishi , Nishijima Tomohiro F. , Takahiro Tomino , Shimagaki Tomonari , Mano Yohei , Onishi Emi , Sugiyama Masahiko , Kimura Yasue , Morita Masaru 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimOlder adults with cancer are often at increased risk for postoperative complications following major surgeries. This study aimed to evaluate the combined role of frailty and sarcopenia in predicting postoperative complications in older adults with hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancer undergoing surgery.MethodsThis retrospective study included 107 Japanese patients who underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) at the geriatric oncology service before cancer treatment decisions and subsequent curative surgery for hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancer. Frailty status was measured using the validated 10‐item frailty index based on a CGA (FI‐CGA‐10) and categorized as fit, prefrail, or frail. Sarcopenia was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis and grip strength. The primary outcome was postoperative complications, defined as Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ III, within 1 month of surgery.ResultsThe median age of the 107 patients was 79 (range, 75–89) years. Patients were categorized as fit (n = 36, 33.7%), prefrail (n = 57, 53.2%), or frail (n = 14, 13.1%). Of these, 21 patients (20%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia; 16 patients (15%) experienced postoperative complications. Patients classified as prefrail or frail had a higher incidence of postoperative complications compared with those classified as fit (19.7% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.08). Patients with both prefrail or frail and sarcopenia had a significantly higher risk of postoperative complications. This association remained significant in the multivariable model (OR 4.74; 95% CI, 1.10–20.29; p = 0.04).ConclusionIn this study, patients classified as prefrail/frail and sarcopenic were at significantly higher risk for postoperative complications.
Effect on short‐term outcomes of the COVID‐19 pandemic following laparoscopic distal gastrectomy and low anterior resection for gastric and rectal cancer: A retrospective study using the Japanese National Clinical Database, 2018–2022
Authors: Inomata Masafumi , Endo Hideki , Akagi Tomonori , Shiroshita Hidefumi , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Eguchi Susumu , Wada Norihito , Kurokawa Yukinori , Seki Yosuke , Sakai Yoshiharu , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Kitagawa Yuko , Taketomi Akinobu , Mori Masaki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsWe previously reported no change in surgical outcomes for laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) and laparoscopic low anterior resection (LLAR) early in the COVID‐19 pandemic (2020), although the number of elective surgeries decreased. In 2021, COVID‐19 spread further, with vaccination and other medical measures based on several medical societies' guidelines being initiated. Using the Japanese National Clinical Database (NCD), we added 2022 data to the 2018–2021 data to analyze the impacts of expansion of the COVID‐19 infection and its spread on laparoscopic surgery (including robot‐assisted surgery).MethodsData on patients who underwent LDG and LLAR for cancer were extracted from the NCD between 2018 and 2022. The numbers of LDG and LLAR were obtained, and morbidity and mortality rates were evaluated using a standardized morbidity/mortality ratio (SMR), i.e. the ratio of the observed number of incidences to expected number of incidences calculated by the risk calculator previously developed by the NCD.ResultsThe numbers of LDG and LLAR cases declined in 2020, the first pandemic year, and continued to decline in 2022 to the same level as 2021, but with no further decline and no recovery trend in the number of cases. Numbers of robot‐assisted LDG and LLAR cases increased but at a rate lower than the prepandemic increase. Mortality and anastomotic leakage, two very important complications assessed in SMR, did not worsen during the pandemic compared to prepandemic levels.ConclusionIn Japan, laparoscopic surgery was safe and unaffected by the COVID‐19 pandemic, even in 2022, when the epidemic spread.
Bipolar membrane electrodialysis with isolation chamber enables high‐purity LiOH production with ordinary membranes
Authors: He Duyi , Fu Weicheng , Wang Zihao , Yan Junying , Wang Huangying , Li Ruirui , Wang Baoying , Chen Xiaochun , Wang Yaoming , Xu Tongwen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCurrently, bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) is recognized as an eco‐friendly technique to recycle lithium from waste lithium‐ion batteries. However, the application of ordinary bipolar membranes has the disadvantage of unsatisfactory product purity due to undesired ion leakage. Herein, we proposed isolation chamber bipolar membrane electrodialysis (ICBMED) to inhibit coion migration, thereby increasing the purity of the regenerated acid and alkali. The experimental results indicate that 97.7%–99.3% of the LiOH generated by the ICBMED using domestic membranes was generated, which is much greater than the 85.7%–94.4% obtained without an isolation chamber. The total cost of the ICBMED for LiOH production with inexpensive domestic membranes was 1.65$/kg‐LiOH (US) at 400 A/m2, which is lower than the cost of 1.91$/kg‐LiOH (US) for flagship membranes with identical product quality. BMED with an isolation chamber provides a viable solution for acid–base production by balancing product quality and cost.
Channel–molecule attraction mediated molecule transport in confined nanochannels of COF membranes for nanofiltration
Authors: Li Ruilong , Yang Yongjian , Chen Jingjing , Chen Chongchong , Li Wenpeng , Wu Xiaoli , Wang Jingtao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPorous membranes, a type of material widely used in nanofiltration, are confronted with the limitation that the influence of channel–molecule interactions on transport behaviors has yet been investigated in detail. Herein, covalent organic framework membranes with adjustable pore sizes (⁓ 2.5 nm and ⁓ 1.2 nm) and chemical groups (−F, −OH, and −CO−) were prepared by interfacial polymerization. We demonstrate that strong channel–molecule attraction induces the formation of stable solvent layers along nanochannel walls, which protect central molecules from the attraction of chemical groups. Significantly, stable solvent layers permit fast transport of ethanol (245.6 L m−2 h−1 bar−1) with reactive black (RB) rejection of 96%. Likely, for membranes with weak channel–molecule attraction, no solvent layers are formed and molecules also transport smoothly. Interestingly, membranes that exhibit moderate channel–molecule attraction exert metastable solvent layers, thus displaying high transport resistance. This hindrance effect on molecule transport becomes more pronounced in smaller nanochannels.
Outcomes of Patients With Treated Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A High‐Risk Subtype That Warrants an Independent Prognostic Designation
Authors: Senapati Jayastu , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Haddad Fadi G. , Short Nicholas J. , Borthakur Gautam , Kanagal‐Shamanna Rashmi , Tang Guilin , Jabbour Elias , DiNardo Courtney D. , Daver Naval , Montalban‐Bravo Guillermo , Shah Vishrut , Alousi Amin , Shpall Elizabeth , Popat Uday , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Ravandi Farhad , Kadia Tapan M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPatients who develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after having received treatment for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or related conditions have particularly poor outcomes. This study analyzed adult patients with newly diagnosed AML who previously had MDS, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), or MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) overlap syndrome, and who had received hypomethylating agents, chemotherapy, and/or allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for these antecedent disorders. From January 2012 to August 2023, we included 673 patients with a median age of 70 years (range, 19–94); 536 (80%) had transformed from MDS, and the remainder from CMML or MDS‐MPN. Additionally, 149 patients (22%) had prior therapy for nonmyeloid malignancies. Among 497 evaluable patients, 289 (58%) had adverse‐risk (AR) cytogenetics, 34% had TP53 mutation/s, and 71% were classified as AR by the ELN 2017 criteria. Most patients (67%) received low‐intensity therapy (LIT) for AML, and 27% were treated with venetoclax. The overall response rate was 37%, and venetoclax improved the odds of response (OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.6–3.7) in LIT–treated patients. At a median follow‐up of 43 months, the median relapse‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were 4.6 and 4.8 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that prior therapy for nonmyeloid disorders (HR = 1.30), ≥ 2 lines of therapy for antecedent myeloid disorders (HR = 1.23), and ELN AR risk (HR = 1.47) increased the hazards of death, while HSCT (HR = 0.50) was beneficial and validated on gradient‐boosted regression. TS‐AML is associated with poor outcomes irrespective of AML genomics and treatment, highlighting the need for its inclusion as an independent AR category for accurate prognostication and clinical trial reporting.
Selenium‐Deficient FeSe2/Fe3O4 Electrocatalyst for Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Du Yue , Lu Haijiao , Wu Jinting , Zou Yalong , Huang Zhen‐Feng , Zou Ji‐Jun , Mu Tiansheng , Gao Jian , Zhu Xiao‐Dong , Zhang Yong‐Chao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic reduction of NO3− is a green and sustainable method that not only helps to treat industrial pollutants in wastewater, but also produces valuable chemicals. However, the slow dynamics of the proton‐coupled electron transfer process results in a high barrier and low conversion efficiency. In this work, the Se‐deficient FeSe2/Fe3O4 heterojunction was synthesized, which showed excellent electrochemical performance in 0.1 M nitrate reduction reaction, superior to most currently reported catalysts. The high activity of Se‐deficient FeSe2/Fe3O4 is due to the synergistic effect between FeSe2 and Fe3O4 to achieve relay catalytic NO3− reduction. Among them, the Se‐deficient FeSe2 contributes to NO3− deoxygenation and subsequent hydrogenation, and Fe3O4 promotes H2O decomposition to provide H proton, jointly promote NO3RR. Finally, the online differential electrochemical mass spectra (DEMS), in situ Raman and DFT calculation confirmed the optimal pathway for NO3RR to NH3 on Se‐deficient FeSe2/Fe3O4(100). This strategy of relay catalysis provides a potential way to treat wastewater with high concentration nitrate.
M2‐polarized tumor‐associated macrophage‐secreted exosomal lncRNA NEAT1 upregulates galectin‐3 by recruiting KLF5 and promotes HCC immune escape
Authors: Yuan Wei , Sun Qigang , Zhu Xiaodan , Li Bo , Zou Yongping , Liu Zhehao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHCC cell immune escape is a critical element in the evolution of HCC malignancy. Herein, the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA NEAT1 in regulating HCC immune escape was investigated. Exosomes were isolated from M2 TAMs using ExoQuick‐TC. Then, HCC cells were incubated with M2 TAMs‐derived exosomes (M2‐exos). The activation of perforin+CD8+ T cells was measured using flow cytometry. The secretion of IFN‐γ was assessed using ELISA. Cell viability and migration were detected using CCK8 and Transwell assays, respectively. RIP and RNA pull‐down assays were used to investigate the link between NEAT1 and KLF5. ChIP and dual‐luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the interaction between KLF5 and the LGALS3 promoter. Our results showed that NEAT1, KLF5 and galectin‐3 were overexpressed in HCC tissues. M2‐exos treatment promoted HCC proliferation, migration, and immune escape. It was found that NEAT1 was enriched in M2‐TAMs and M2‐exos. M2‐exos facilitated HCC immune escape, whereas NEAT1 silencing reversed this effect. NEAT1 upregulated galectin‐3 in HCC cells by recruiting KLF5. Mechanically, M2‐TAM‐derived exosomal NEAT1 induced HCC immune escape by upregulating KLF5/galectin‐3 axis. M2‐TAM‐derived exosomal NEAT1 upregulated galectin‐3 in HCC cells by recruiting KLF5 to promote perforin+CD8+ T cell depletion and further accelerate HCC immune escape.
Transforming higher education: Insights from the Cambridge Handbook of Undergraduate Research By Harald A.Mieg, Elizabeth L.Ambos, AngelaBrew, JudithLehmann, and Dominique M.Galli, Cambridge University Press. 2022. ISBN 978‐1‐108‐83592‐3 Hardback.
Authors: Messi Nicole 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Cambridge Handbook of Undergraduate Research, edited by Harald A. Mieg, Elizabeth L. Ambos, Angela Brew, Judith Lehmann, and Dominique M. Galli (2022), is a pioneering work offering a comprehensive global perspective on undergraduate research (UR). This handbook systematically addresses theoretical foundations, practical implementation strategies, disciplinary approaches and international perspectives on UR. It aims to enhance the understanding and practice of UR by integrating research experiences into undergraduate education, thereby bridging the gap between teaching and research. The book underscores UR's role in including underrepresented students, highlighting its potential to foster equity and diversity in academia. It emphasizes the active engagement of students in research, promoting self‐regulated learning and faculty–student partnerships. Despite its broad scope, the handbook identifies areas needing further attention, such as the limited focus on diverse categories of underrepresented students and ensuring active student participation in introductory research courses. Overall, ‘The Cambridge Handbook of Undergraduate Research’ serves as an essential resource for educators, administrators and policymakers, providing insights to advance UR practices and enhance educational outcomes globally. The reflections and insights presented stimulate further research and innovation, aiming to create inclusive, engaging and effective UR programs in higher education institutions worldwide.
Wideband Metasurface Antenna for In‐Band Full‐Duplex Applications
Authors: Li Sha , Yang Kang Yu , Wu Duo‐Long 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis article proposes a novel metasurface patch antenna with characteristics of metasurface and broadband for in‐band full‐duplex applications, which is configured with a parasitic metasurface, a square patch, two separated feeding networks for transmitting and receiving ports (Tx and Rx), and a square ground. Two feeding networks consist of an antisymmetric L‐shaped probe feeding structure for Rx and a double F‐shaped feeding structure with a 3 dB/180° hybrid coupler for the Tx port to achieve ±45° polarization and significantly enhanced isolation between the ports. Most importantly, the proposed parasitic metasurface realizes good impedance matching and improves realized gain. Therefore, the proposed antenna attains a −10 dB of overlapped bandwidth of 52.6% through 1.7 to 2.7 GHz with a high isolation of over 41.5 dB. Additionally, the measured gains are 8.9 ± 1.1 dBi for the Rx port and 7.4 ± 0.9 dBi for the Tx port, respectively. These characteristic data all support that the proposed antenna will play an essential role in IBFD applications.
A Fluted E‐Shaped Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna With Rectangular Strips for Surface Scanning Application
Authors: De Saptaparna , Das Priyanka , Kundu Surajit 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a fluted E‐shaped antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) loaded with rectangular‐shaped strips is proposed for ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) application. The corrugation method is implemented by introducing multiple slots in the uppermost and lowermost arms of the antenna, followed by adding additional 10 strips to broaden and stabilize the impedance bandwidth. The electrical dimension of the antenna is 1.07λ × 1.8λ × 0.004λ. The proposed modified AVA (MAVA) exhibits a high fractional bandwidth of 144.8% over an ultrawideband of 1.6–10 GHz. The peak gain achieved by the antenna is 8.97 dBi. The proposed antenna offers a stable unidirectional radiation pattern along E‐ and H‐plane throughout the spectrum with maximum radiation efficiency of 96%. A prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated and tested where the measured results bear close resemblance with the simulated results. The pertinence of proposed antenna for GPR subsurface scanning was examined through a field test where scanned result signifies its aptness for such submissions.