bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoramento da produção de CO2 intergranular e desempenho industrial no armazenamento de grãos de arroz
Authors: Wachholz Reichow Samuel , Schmechel Sell Rafael , Martin Arejano Luan , Rutz Thais , De Sousa Araújo Ádamo , Scherer Pohndorf Ricardo 
Published: December 2024

Quando os grãos são armazenados com um maior teor de água ocorre um aumento da concentração de dióxido de carbono (CO2) intergranular e da temperatura da massa de grãos, promovendo perda da matéria seca e uma diminuição do tempo de armazenamento seguro. O objetivo neste estudo foi monitorar a produção de CO2 intergranular, visando verificar a perda de qualidade de grãos de arroz em casca armazenados à 12, 14 e 16% de umidade. Observou-se que no início do armazenamento, até 60 dias, os grãos apresentaram uma elevada taxa de produção de CO2, a qual diminuiu até 120 dias de armazenamento. As maiores taxas de produção de CO2 foram observadas na umidade de 16%. Além disso, o armazenamento dos grãos por 120 dias na umidade de 16% causou uma drástica diminuição no rendimento de grãos inteiros.
Developing of neural network computing methods for solving inverse elasticity problems
Authors: Kaliuzhniak Anastasiia , Kudin Oleksii , Belokon Yuriy , Kruglyak Dmytro 
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the use of neural network methods to solve inverse problems in the mechanics of elastic materials.
The aim is to design physics-informed neural networks that can predict the parameters of structural components, and the physical properties of materials based on a specified displacement distribution.
A key feature of the specified neural networks is the integration of differential equations and boundary conditions into the loss function calculation. This approach ensures that the error in approximating unknown functions has a direct impact on optimizing the network's weights. As a result, the resulting neural network approximations of unknown functions comply with the differential equations and boundary conditions.
To test the capabilities of the designed neural networks, inverse problems involving the bending of plates and beams have been solved, focusing on determining one or two unknown parameters. Comparison of predicted and exact values demonstrates high accuracy of the constructed neural network models, with a relative prediction error of less than 3 % across all cases.
Unlike analytical methods for solving inverse problems, the primary advantage of physics-informed neural networks is their flexibility when addressing both linear and nonlinear problems. For instance, the same network architecture can be employed to solve various boundary-value problems without modification. Compared to classical numerical methods, the parallelization capability of neural networks is inherently supported by modern software libraries.
Therefore, the application of physics-informed neural networks for solving inverse elasticity problems of plates and beams is effective, as evidenced by the achieved relative errors and the computational robustness of the method. In practice, the proposed solution can be used for relevant calculations during the design of structural elements. The developed software code can also be integrated into automated design systems or computer algebra systems
Identifying the effect of adding catalytic converter briquette mix variations employing the microwave method with sulfuric acid activation to reduce emissions in motor vehicles
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Yuliawati Evi , Kusuma Maritha Nilam , Triono Mohammad Rizaldhy , AlFandi Farizal Luthfi 
Published: December 2024

The use of fossil fuels in transportation equipment, especially motorized vehicles, will have an extraordinary effect on air pollution. The percentage of air pollution from transportation sources in Indonesia is 70.5 % CO, 18.34 % HC, 8.89 % NOx, 0.88 % SOx, and 1.33 % particulate matter. Given the danger of exhaust emissions, especially carbon monoxide, which can cause death for humans who inhale it, efforts are needed to control air pollution from motorized vehicles. There are several methods that can be applied, one of which is to use adsorbents. Activated carbon can be used as an adsorbent.
In this experimental research, briquettes with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 30 mm were made. A mixture of coconut shell charcoal briquettes and wood charcoal briquettes 65–25 % (Model 1), 55–35 % (Model 2), and 45–45 % (Model 3) was used. The microwave method and sulfuric acid activation for 1 hour were applied. Testing with the object of the study was performed on a 4-stroke motor vehicle (Honda Supra 125) 2012 with an engine speed of 2,000 rpm. Emission tests were carried out using a gas analyzer. The performance test of a motorbike engine where adsorbents are installed in the exhaust gas was conducted using a dyno test. The results show that this briquette mixture can reduce carbon monoxide (CO) gas emissions by 71.6 % compared to without a catalytic converter. In addition, gas emissions of hydrocarbons (HC) were seen to be reduced by 88.8 % in comparison with an engine without a catalytic converter. Engine performance tests showed no significant impact on torque and power due to the use of this adsorbent.
In conclusion, a mixture of coconut shell charcoal briquettes and wood charcoal briquettes activated with sulfuric acid, which is used to reduce exhaust gas emissions in motor vehicles can be applied
Defining patterns in the intensification of hemp stalk retting processes
Authors: Sheichenko Viktor , Rogovskii Ivan , Skoriak Yuliia , Petrachenko Dmytro , Shevchuk Misha , Sheichenko Denys , Titova Liudmyla , Sivak Igor 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the technological operations of primary hemp stalk processing, factors that intensify the retting process, and stalk crushing.
The task addressed was the identification of technical and technological solutions that would enable intensification of the production processes for hemp retting.
Based on the research results, it was established that placing the flattened stems in natural and polypropylene bags, compared to cellophane bags, accelerates the preparation time of retted stalks in a vertical position by 1.19 times, and in a horizontal position by 1.38 times. The retting time for horizontally placed crushed stalks with weekly moistening twice a week is 2.16 times shorter than for uncrushed ones.
It was determined that the process of crushing pre-prepared and cured stalks, whether in a vertical or horizontal position, allows for a significant reduction in retting period by 2.14 times, and for freshly cut stalks – by 1.27 times.
The intensity of the reflected light flux changed in the case of reaching the retting phase for unflattened stems with their vertical placement from the initial 32.0 lux to 18.0 lux. In flattened stems under the conditions of their vertical placement – from 50.7 to 16.3 lux, respectively. In the case of horizontally placed crushed stalks, the light intensity at the retting phase was 20.3 lux.
The lowest fiber breaking load value of 5.0 daN was established for the retted stalks obtained from freshly cut flattened stems in a vertical position, as well as in non-flattened stems in the vertical (7.0 daN) and horizontal (3.5 daN) positions
Determining the dynamic indicators of the pneumatic spring for high-speed rolling stock in the zone of a rail joint along a railroad track
Authors: Kuzyshyn Andrii , Kovalchuk Vitalii , Royko Yuriy , Hermaniuk Yuliia , Tereshchak Yuriy , Pulariia Andrii 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the pneumatic spring of the high-speed railroad rolling stock that moves over the rail joint of a railroad track with a vertical ledge.
The task solved was establishing the dynamic behavior of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring of the high-speed railroad rolling stock, taking into account the design features of the railroad track, namely the rail joint.
The methodology for experimental testing of the pneumatic spring of the high-speed railroad rolling stock using the proposed dynamic test installation is given. Experimental tests of the pneumatic spring were carried out within the rail joint of the railroad track, which has a vertical ledge of 7.0 mm. It was established that the maximum value of the accelerations of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring occurs in the vertical plane. The maximum vertical accelerations of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring were 2.4 m/s2, horizontal transverse accelerations – 0.85 m/s2, and horizontal longitudinal accelerations – 0.9 m/s2.
It was determined that the deformations of the pneumatic spring in the vertical plane are higher than the deformations in the horizontal plane. The value of the maximum vertical deformations of the pneumatic spring was 4.1 mm, while the maximum value of horizontal deformations was 1.2 mm.
The natural frequencies and logarithmic decrements of oscillations damping were determined based on the obtained records of the free oscillations of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring. It was established that the value of the first natural frequency of oscillations of the pneumatic spring is 3.21 Hz.
The logarithmic decrement of oscillation damping of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring was determined based on the constructed graph of oscillation damping with an approximating exponent. It is 0.2147.
The obtained values of the dynamic indicators of the new pneumatic spring could be used in the future to control changes in the physical and mechanical properties of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring under the operational conditions of the railroad track. In practice, engineers and scientists will be able to take into account the obtained dynamic parameters of the spring when designing and improving the pneumatic spring for high-speed train movement
Development of a methodology for assessing innovation activities for management purposes for oil and gas companies
Authors: Aitimova Diana , Alibekova Gulnaz , Serikbayev Serik , Shadiyeva Aigul , Yesmagulova Nurgul , Kamali Karlygash , Ibadildin Nurkhat , Primbetova Saule 
Published: December 2024

The study focuses on the innovation activity of oil and gas companies, solving the problem of evaluating this activity and presenting the results:
– the author's methodology for assessing the innovation activity of oil and gas companies has been developed, the results of which allow to fix the development point in the range of [0–0.5) – “Inert”), [0.5–0.7) – “Developing” and more than 0.7 – “Active”. For each range, management strategies for the future are recommended;
– the 5 oil and gas companies were evaluated according to three criteria. In the group of indicators “Investments” the best result is Total (0.95), in the group of indicators “Human resources” all companies showed a high result, on patent activity the European companies have a high result (0.81–0.83). Kazakhstan organizations, having more than sufficient human resources in the R&D sector, are not financed at a competitive level, which leads to a low level of patent activity of companies;
– according to the result of the innovation activity assessment, the companies were distributed as follows: “Inert” – TCO (0.43) and KPO (0.32), “Developing” – Shell and ENI (0.68), “Active” – Total (0.81).
The results suggest that the calculated method for determining indicators can be used to assess the innovation activity of oil and gas companies, considering the production factor.
The results highlight the development of a methodology for assessing the innovation activity of oil and gas companies based on three main criteria, aimed at improving management.
The methodology can be used by oil and gas companies and government agencies interested in industry development
Development of a mathematical model for the cooling channel of a liquid propellant rocket engine’s chamber with respect for variations in coolant density
Authors: Sliusariev Volodymyr , Bucharskyi Valeriy 
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the processes occurring within the cooling channels of a liquid rocket engine chamber. It is important to note that, from a design-stage efficiency prediction perspective, the cooling system is the most critical part of the engine chamber. This is because it cannot be tested without costly and labor-intensive fire tests. Therefore, mathematical models of heat transfer and fluid dynamics must describe accurately all processes taking place in the chamber.
The study emphasizes accounting for the change in the density of the propellant component within the cooling channels. To verify the importance of this issue, an analysis was conducted on the changing parameters of the propellant components in the cooling channels of an engine. The assessment revealed that even when using high-boiling propellant components and moderate heating in the cooling channels, density changes can exceed 25 %.
This paper presents the results of developing a model for the flow of propellant in the cooling channels of a liquid rocket engine chamber, taking density changes into account. The model builds on a cooling channel model previously developed by the authors. An equation that accounts for density variations was derived using established principles of fluid mechanics.
Using the developed mathematical model, test calculations were performed, and the simulation results were compared with and without considering density changes. Furthermore, a comparison was conducted with calculated data available in the literature on heat transfer in the RD107 engine chamber, revealing an error margin of no more than 1.5 %.
The resulting mathematical model may be recommended for use in the design of new rocket engine chambers with regenerative cooling
Synthesis of polyethersulfone/titanium dioxide membranes: analysis of morphology, mechanical properties, and water filtration performance
Authors: Mataram Agung , Firdaus Aneka , Yanis Muhammad , Dani Rahma , Nasir Subriyer , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan 
Published: December 2024

The increasing demand for clean water, driven by population growth, urbanization, and industrial activities, has led to significant challenges in public health, the economy, and the environment. Effective water purification technologies are essential to address this issue. This study explores using polyethersulfone (PES) polymer-based membranes reinforced with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles for antifouling applications. The membranes were fabricated using an electric field treatment method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a pore size distribution between 1,170 μm and 7,122 μm, demonstrating that this method can be adjusted to create membranes with specific filtration characteristics. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) analysis showed surface roughness between 150 and 500 nm, indicating that the membrane's surface morphology can be customized to improve performance. Mechanical testing showed that the tensile strength of the membranes varied with the addition of TiO2: the pure PES membrane (TI0) had a tensile strength of 2.12 MPa, while the TI1 membrane (20 % PES, 1 % TiO2) exhibited a decrease to 1.84 MPa. The TI2 membrane (30 % PES, 1 % TiO2) showed an increase in tensile strength to 3.86 MPa, confirming the reinforcing effect of TiO2 on the membrane's mechanical properties. Clean Water Permeability (CWP) testing indicated flux values of 2558.9 L/m2·h·bar for TI0, 1263.1 L/m2·h·bar for TI1, and 2763.9 L/m2·h·bar for TI2, highlighting the optimal balance of mechanical strength and permeability in TI2. The PES/TiO2 composite membrane, made using an electric field method, shows promise for water filtration due to its enhanced permeability, providing an efficient solution for water treatment
Defining indicators for the anaerobic fermentation process of aquaculture wastewater sediments
Authors: Golub Gennadii , Yaremenko Oksana , Kucheruk Petro , Marus Oleh , Tsyvenkova Nataliya , Nadykto Volodymyr , Chuba Viacheslav , Yarosh Yaroslav 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the process of anaerobic fermentation of wastewater sludge from aquaculture. It was established that the exponential dependence adequately describes the experimental data on the change in the level of decomposition of dry organic matter (DOM) and the specific yield of biomethane per unit of decomposed DOM of aquaculture wastewater sediment depending on the time of anaerobic fermentation. The maximum level of DOM decomposition during anaerobic fermentation achieved in 38 days was 0.74 relative units at a process speed of 0.108 relative units per day. The integrated level of DOM decomposition over 21 days of anaerobic fermentation can reach only 0.43 relative units, and the integrated level of DOM decomposition is set at the level of 0.033 relative units per day. The output of biogas and biomethane during anaerobic fermentation over 21 days of anaerobic fermentation reached 4.083 and 2.627 l, respectively. At the same time, the concentration of biomethane in biogas on day 7 of fermentation reached 74‒75 % and remained at this level until day 21. The maximum level of specific yield of biomethane during anaerobic fermentation reached on day 38 was 803.936 ml in terms of normal conditions per gram of decomposed DOM with a rate of change of the specific yield of biomethane of 0.207 ml in terms of normal conditions per gram of decomposed DOM per day. The integrated specific yield of biomethane over 21 days of anaerobic fermentation could reach 580‒590 ml in terms of normal conditions per gram of decomposed DOM. With a fermentation time of 21 days, the specific output of biomethane has an optimal value depending on the periodicity of loading the reactor, which is 1.48‒1.49 m3 of biomethane per one m3 of biomass in the reactor in one day with a periodicity of loading the reactor once per time from 4.5 to 6 days. The research results could be used to determine the volume of biomethane production and electricity based on it during the anaerobic fermentation of aquaculture wastewater sludge
Devising approaches to adjusting a strength gain by modified white cements with different c3a content
Authors: Pushkarova Kateryna , Kushnierova Liliia , Tereshchenko Larysa 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the mechanism for adjusting a strength gain by modified systems based on white cements with different C3A content.
Since white cements have an increased content of the C3A mineral, they are characterized by a drop in strength of up to 10 % in the late stages of hardening. To stabilize the properties of such cements, it is advisable to use modifying additives.
It has been established that when a plasticizing additive with a high C3A content is introduced into cement in a small amount (0.5...1 %), as a result of chemical interaction with the mineral C3A, its residue in the liquid phase is not enough to disperse silicate phases. This reduces viscosity of the system. That subsequently leads to a decline in the strength of cement stone, up to 15 %. At the same time, the addition of a plasticizing additive to a system with a low content of C3A turns out to be more effective even at a lower dosage.
Modification of cement systems with nano-CaCO3 additives helps stabilize the phase composition of new formations and guarantees the durability of the resulting cement stone. Nano-CaCO3 changes the composition of new formations toward more thermodynamically stable compounds. The introduction of a nano-CaCO3 additive leads to a significant increase in the rate of hydration and creates conditions for the formation of carbonate ettringite. The latter contributes to the directed synthesis of low-base fibrous hydrosilicate phases, including tobermorite, and prevents the conversion of hydroaluminate phases, which eliminates the decline in strength in white cements with an increased content of C3A.
Applying modified systems will make it possible to stabilize the strength characteristics of not only white but also colored cements, the introduction of pigments to which leads to a decrease in their strength. This approach will make it possible to effectively use such systems as a basis for decorative concrete and mortars
Devising an innovative method for improving decision-making efficiency at polymers processing companies in automotive industry
Authors: Prystynskyi Serhii , Palyvoda Olena , Plavan Viktoriia , Lozovyi Oleg , Hrytsenko Andrii 
Published: December 2024

Enabling the development of technologies for the production of polymer materials directly determines the possibility of achieving the standards of sustainable development in the automotive industry, since polymer composites are used in modern cars as components of almost all assemblies and mechanisms. The expansion of plastics application in the car structure contributes to the reduction of fuel consumption and wear of parts. Technological changes encourage enterprises to constantly improve decision-making methods regarding the introduction of innovative technologies.
This paper reports an innovative method devised for making management decisions at enterprises specializing in the processing of polymers for the automotive industry, which makes it possible to increase production efficiency. Based on the Ishikawa diagram and the PDCA cycle application, management tools and procedures for making production and technological decisions have been developed using the methodology of finding root causes and verifying factors influencing existing production problem. A set of indicators that make it possible to reduce the number of management errors has been substantiated; they increase the reliability of verifying received intermediate results of decisions. The selection of verification indicators was carried out taking into account the specificity of polymer production technologies.
An improved decision-making management procedure is presented, which was embodied in an updated decision-tracking protocol. Unlike its basic version, it contains additional control points: target date of verification, date of verification, and result of verification. An experimental study showed that the application and observance of the full PDCA cycle increases the overall effectiveness of management by 63 %, which in turn has a positive effect on the company's sustainability in a competitive environment