bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
External validation of the new prognostic western score in predicting survival after curative resection of gastric cancer
Authors: BİRBEN Birkan , GUNDOGDU Salih , TİKİC Deniz , AKKURT Gökhan , AKIN Merve , AKIN Tezcan , ER Sadettin , BERKEM Hüseyin , TEZ Mesut 
Published: March 2021

Aim: Gastric cancers may progress differently depending on the factors affecting the prognosis. In our study, we evaluated the external validation of the new prognostic western score used to predict the surveillance of gastric cancer patients undergoing curative resection.
Material and methods: The study included 139 patients over 18 years of age who underwent curative resection for gastric adenocarcinoma in our hospital between 2004 and 2015. The demographic characteristics of the patients and their albumin level, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and pathological tumor-nodes-metastasis stage were evaluated.
Results: Fifty-nine (42.4%) of the patients were female and 80 (57.6%) were male. The mean albumin value was 39±7 mg/L, and the median value of the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was 2.5 (1.76-4). According to the pathological tumor-nodes-metastasis staging, 13 cases (9.4%) were stage 1, 21 (15.1%) stage 2, 99 (71.2%) stage 3, and 6 (4.3%) stage 4. The five-year median survival of the patients was 32.5 months. Age was significantly higher in the mortality group (P=.021). In the log-rank analysis, a low albumin level, a high neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, and a high tumor-nodes-metastasis stage were statistically significant in the mortality group (P=.001, .000 and .030 respectively). In the Cox regression analysis, the only significant variable was determined as pathological stage (P=.005).
Conclusion: The new prognostic western score was not significant in predicting the prognosis of gastric cancers.
Abdominal duvar endometriozisi; Retrospektif, gözlemsel bir çalışma
Authors: KATAR Mehmet Kağan , TİKİC Deniz 
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, abdominal duvar endometriozisi (ADE) olan hastalarda demografik ve klinik özellikleri, tanı araçlarını, cerrahi seçenekleri ve nüks oranlarını değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2015 ile Ocak 2020 tarihleri arasından kliniğimizde ADE nedeniyle opere edilen 44 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalara ait demografik veriler, operasyon geçmişi, klinik özellikler, tanı için kullanılan görüntüleme yöntemi, uygulanan operasyon tipi ve rekürrens durumu değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların, yaşlarının median değeri 35 (26-48) olarak belirlendi. Hastalardan 1 (%2,3)’inin abdominal operasyon öyküsü bulunmazken; 39 (%88,6) hastanın cesarean section (C/S), 2 (%4,5) hastanın myomektomi ve 2 (%4,5) hastanın da histerektomi öyküsü bulunmaktadır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastalardan 2 (%4,5)’sinin herhangi bir şikayeti bulunmazken, 31 (%70,5) hastada karın ön duvarında kitle ve 39 (%88,6) hastada ise ağrı şikayeti bulunmaktaydı. ADE’nin 23 (%52,3) hastada pfannenstiel insizyonun sol lateralinde ve 17 (%38,6) hastada ise pfannenstiel insizyonun sağ lateralinde olmak üzere, büyük çoğunluğunun pfannenstiel insizyon hattında olduğu tespit edildi. Hastaların 34’ünde preoperatif tanı aracı olarak abdominal ultrasonografi (US) ve 10 hastada da abdominapelvik bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) kullanılmıştır. Abdominal US’nin doğruluk oranının %85,2, abdominopelvik BT’nin doğruluk oranının ise %50 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Serimizdeki takip oranı %95,4 iken, takip süresi median değerinin 36,5 ay (13-57) olduğu gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca takipteki hastalardan birinde rekürrens geliştiği görülmüştür.
Sonuç: ADE, jinekolojik girişim öyküsü olan ve abdominal insizyon bölgesinde siklik ağrı ve şişlik ile gelen reprodüktif çağdaki tüm kadınlarda akla gelmelidir. Preoperatif tanı için, hastanın öyküsü ayrıntılı olarak sorgulanmalı; dikkatli bir fizik muayene yapılmalı ve tanı için abdominal US kullanılmalıdır. Tedavide cerrahi eksizyon tercih edilmelidir.
Can carotid canal diameter be an indicator of anterior cerebral vascular variations and abnormalities?
Authors: KUŞÇUOĞLU Gizem , DAMGACI Lale 
Published: March 2021

Aim: To measure the bony carotid canal diameters in people without any cerebral vascular variations or aneurysms that would affect the bony carotid canal and to determine whether the variations of bony carotid canal width could be an indicator of cerebral vascular aneurysyms and variations.
Material and Methods: Seven-hundred neck-brain CT angiographies were assessed retrospectively. Of the patients, 283 (40.4%) were women and 417 (59.6%) were men. Bilateral bony carotid canal diameter was measured. Cerebral vascular variations and aneurysms were recorded.
Results: Normal canal diameter on the right, in all patients was 5.631±0.502mm, in males 5.797±0.475mm and 5.388±0.441mm in females; on the left side, 5.666±0.512mm overall, 5.825±0.492mm in males and 5.432±04.49mm in females (p=0.039,
Pengaruh Kombinasi Metformin dan Ekstrak Air Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) terhadap Perbaikan Status Obesitas Tikus Sprague dawley Jantan
Authors: Kosnayani Ai Sri , Dharmana Edi , Hadisaputro Suharyo , Riwanto Ignatius 
Published: March 2021

Latar Belakang: Perubahan gaya hidup dan pola makan menyebabkan tingginya angka kejadian obesitas di seluruh dunia yaitu 13% padat tahun 2016. Perbaikan status obesitas dapat dilakukan melalui jalur farmakologik ataupun non farmakologik. Metformin dan meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) mempunyai fungsi untuk menurunkan penyerapan asupan makanan.Tujuan: menganalisis pengaruh kombinasi metformin dan ekstrak air meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) terhadap perbaikan status obesitas tikus Sprague Dawley jantan.Metode: multigroup time series design. Dua puluh empat ekor tikus dibuat obesitas dengan cara diberi pakan tambahan lemak sapi cair dan fruktosa terhadap pakan dasar AIN93G selama 5 minggu. Obesitas ditentukan dengan indeks Lee > 300. Sampel dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok, kelompok 1 diberi metformin 45 mg/kg BB/hari, kelompok 2 diberi ekstrak air meniran 400 mg/kg BB/hari, kelompok 3 diberi kombinasi keduanya, dan kelompok 4 kontrol.Hasil: Selama penelitian ada perbedaan berat pakan dan asupan kalori pada setiap kelompok perlakuan. Setelah 28 hari perlakuan ada perbedaan kenaikan berat badan dan perubahan indeks Lee antara ketiga kelompok perlakuan (ρ < 0,05), walaupun indeks Lee > 300.Kesimpulan: pemberian kombinasi ekstrak air meniran dan metformin dapat mengendalikan kenaikan berat badan dan menurunkan indeks Lee.
Evaluation Transplantation of Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell in the Patients with Hepatitis C-Related Liver Cirrhosis (Pi lot Study)
Authors: Lukashyk S. P. , Aleinikova O. V. , Tsyrkunov V. M. , Karpov I. A. , Isaykina Y. I. , Krasko O. V. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Liver cirrhosis (LC) is the final stage in the progression of chronic diffuse diseases. As common, late stages of LC do not respond to conservative treatment methods, so liver transplantation is the most effective method at this stage. Widespread use of transplantation in clinical practice is due to serious obstacles: a shortage of donor organs, transplant rejection, complications during the operation and the postoperative period, as well as the high cost of such an intervention. We consider bone marrow stem cell transplantation as a potential treatment for liver cirrhosis and additional clinical trials for efficacy and safety.The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of intraparenchymal transplantation of autologous MSCs from the bone marrow for the treatment of patients with cirrhosis of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV-LC).Materials and methods. A pilot open-label non-randomized prospective study with the inclusion of 6 patients with HCV-LP. Autologous MSCs were transplanted intraparenchymally into the liver tissue at the rate of 1x106/kg body weight — 1 ml at 5 points.Results. By 6 months after transplantation, there has been a decrease in the level of bilirubin (from 36,4 μmol/L to 27 μmol/L, p=0.03), MELD scores (from 11,5 to 8, p=0.035), and an increase in platelet levels by 3 months (from 83x109 / l to 124,6x109/l, p=0,031) and 6 months (up to 119,5x109/l, p=0,031). By 6 months after transplantation, there has been no statistically significant result in changing on points on the Child-Pugh scale (p=0,181), cytolysis indicators (maintaining elevated levels of ALT (p=0,062) and AST (p=0,844)), replicative activity of the virus (рreservation of HCV RNA in the blood) (p=0,219 ). Moreover, introduction of MSCs by 6 months after transplantation did not lead to resolution of liver cirrhosis and inflammatory infiltration according to light microscopy data, as well as to resolution of sinusoidal capillarization (p=0,586) and PCI transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts (p>0,99) according to immunohistochemical studies. None of the procedures after the transplantation had an increase in body temperature, an increase in laboratory parameters, or changes in vital functions. One patient was admitted to hospital after 6 months. after MSC transplantation, deep vein thrombosis of the right leg was diagnosed.Conclusion. The positive effect of MSCs on the improvement of liver function was noted. There was no effect on the replicative activity of the virus. The continuing activity of the inflammatory process was observed. The used MSC transplantation technique is a safe procedure for patients with HCV-LC severity classes A and B and can be applied in clinical practice.
Kecenderungan Masyarakat Dalam Memilih Apartemen di Kota Tangerang Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Hierarchy Process (F-AHP)
Authors: Salsabila Athaya , Setiono Setiono , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto 
Published: March 2021

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Kebutuhan akan tempat tinggal merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting bagi masyarakat pada perkembangan dunia modern dan globalisasi saat ini. Hal ini menyebabkan permintaan kebutuhan masyarakat di bidang properti semakin meningkat. Namun tingkat keinginan masyarakat tidak sebanding dengan luas lahan yang tersedia dan juga mengakibatkan tingginya harga lahan. Oleh sebab itu, hunian vertikal seperti apartemen adalah pilihan yang menarik bagi masyarakat. Hal ini menjadi daya tarik developer untuk berlomba-lomba mendirikan apartemen dengan hunian yang terjangkau dan fasilitas yang memadai. Maka dari itu, perlunya melakukan penelitian terkait kecenderungan masyarakat dalam pememilihan apartemen yang selaras dengan kebutuhan masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari faktor apa saja yang paling berpengaruh pada masyarakat dalam memilih sebuah apartemen. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode <em>Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) </em>dengan pengisian kuisioner oleh masyarakat. Serta program yang digunakan adalah program <em>software Microsoft Excel 2010. </em>Hasil dari pengolahan data yang telah dilakukan, faktor yang memiliki bobot paling besar dan juga merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh pada masyarakat dalam pemilihan apartemen adalah faktor legalitas.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci :</strong> Kecenderungan Masyarakat, Metode <em>Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP)</em>, Pemilihan Apartemen<em></em></p>
Aquatic Oligochaeta (Annalida:Clitellata) as Bio Indication for Sediment Quality Assessment in Tigris River Within Baghdad City /Iraq
Authors: Aljaff Dlovan kamal , Jaweir H. J. 
Published: March 2021

Aquatic Oligochaeta is an important group of Macroinvertebrates that has been very remarkable as bioindicators for assessing water pollution and determining its degree in water bodies. Hence, the idea of the current study aims at studying the impact of Baghdad effluents on the Tigris River by using oligochaetes community as bioindicators . For this purpose, four sites along the inside of Baghdad has been chosen. Site S1 has been located upstream, site S2 and S3 has been at midstream and site S4 at the downstream of the River.This investigation has used different types of biological indicators, including the percentage of oligochaeta within benthic invertebrates, which ranged from 49.2-51.28%. The highest percentage of the tubificid worms in the benthic samples has been 26.95% and recorded at S4, while the lowest percentage has been 14.45% recorded at S1. Pollution index D ranged between 0.34 and 0.52. The highest value of the ratio of oligochaeta to Chironomidae larvae has been 3.5 recorded at S4, while the lowest value has been 2.6 reported at S1. The percentage of L. hoffmeisteri within the oligochaetes community has been from 35-56%. The highest value of biological quality index Io has been 9.89 recorded at S1, and the lowest value has been (5.57) recorded in S4. A Composite index of Biological quality (Eo) index recorded as C5 in S1 and C4,D3 and E3 in the other sites. Oligochaeta index of sediment bioindication (IOBS) values ranged between 2.55 at S1 and 1.15 at S4. The tubicid index of sediment TUSP reported at d the highest value (52.57%) at S4 where as the lowest value has been 28.68% at S1. The highest species richness value has been 7.35 recorded at S1 and the lowest value has been 6.12 at S3. Shannon- Weiner diversity index (H) ranged from 0.06-0.049 Bit/ind. Species uniformity index (E) has been 0.018-0.016.It is clear from the results that most of the biological indices indicate that the Tigris River sediment has been slightly impacted by anthropogenic activity during its passage through the Capital Baghdad. S1 is considered as a reference site, as it has presented the first point of entry of the Tigris River to Baghdad and then the sediment gradually has become polluted to reach its highest degree in the last site S4 after passing through several slightly polluted sites.
Fixed Point Theorems in General Metric Space with an Application
Authors: Luaibi Hadeel hussein , Abed Salwa Salman 
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to prove an existence theorem for Voltera-type equation in a generalized G- metric space, called the -metric space, where the fixed-point theorem in - metric space is discussed and its application. First, a new contraction of Hardy-Rogess type is presented and also then fixed point theorem is established for these contractions in the setup of -metric spaces. As application, an existence result for Voltera integral equation is obtained.
The impact of microfinance to borrowers. business, personal and financial status and the mediating role of service satisfaction: evidence from the Philippines
Authors: Gabriel Arneil Garcia , Suyu Jeff B. , Fronda Jennifer G. , Ramos Vilma 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The backbone of the economy of a developing country like the Philippines is its small and medium enterprises relying on soft loans provided by microfinance institutions. To assess the level of satisfaction of microfinance borrowers on the services of microfinance institution and their services as well as its impact to the business, personal and financial status are necessary for the continued operation of this industry. The objective of this study is to measure the customer level of satisfaction of the services of a microfinance institution in the Philippines and determine its impacts on the customers’ small scale business. The study used a mixed of qualitative and quantitative research methods to gather data and analyze them. The study found that the micro finance institution is giving its borrowers quality services as manifested by a very satisfied rating to the four services provided. It was also described that the institution is positively bringing impact on its borrowers’ business, personal & financial status as manifested by a high and very high impact on the two variables. The study finally revealed that the profile of the customers has significant relationship with the level of satisfaction and impact to business of its borrowers while some areas of services have to be revisited to prevent customer dissatisfaction as there are signs showing low level of satisfaction.
Photobiomodulation with LEDs And Laboratory Parameters in the Contexts of Oral Mucositis After High-Dose Methotrexate in Children
Authors: Ferreira Isabella Melo Brito , Brazão-silva Marco Tulio , Junior José Miguel Alves , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos , Guimaraes Douglas Magno 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose

The present, retrospective cohort study evaluated the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) with LEDs to prevent and treat oral mucositis (OM) in pediatric patients receiving high doses of MTX, and the relationship of the occurrence of OM with laboratory parameters as possible risk factors for the development of OM.
Methods

The medical records of children who received high doses of MTX (> 2g/m2) and photobiomodulation with LEDs were reviewed. Development of OM, hepatic and renal function, hemogram, delayed MTX excretion, febrile neutropenia were analyzed.
Results

Only 28 cases of OM were observed in the 358 cycles of high-dose MTX analyzed. Oral mucositis was associated with low levels of hemoglobin (p < 0.0001), hematocrits (p < 0.0001), ALT (p < 0.0001), and AST (p = 0.002). The risk of developing OM was associated with AST (OR 7.24; 95%CI 2.56–20.45), urea (OR 6.95; 95%CI 1.49–32.42), hemoglobin (OR 6.04; 95%CI 2.33–15.64), and febrile neutropenia (OR 4.41; 95%CI 2.89–15.73). This risk increases when these parameters are associated.
Conclusion

The low incidence of mucositis, compared with the literature, indicates that PBM can prevent and reduce the severity of OM, as well as hospitalization time. The risk of OM development is associated with febrile neutropenia, hematological, and kidney and liver toxicity, with the risk increasing when these factors are associated.
Measuring the exposure of Black, Asian and other ethnic groups to Covid-infected neighbourhoods in English towns and cities.
Authors: Harris Richard , Brunsdon Chris 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Drawing on the work of The Doreen Lawrence Review – a report on the disproportionate impact of Covid-19 on Black, Asian and minority ethnic communities in the UK – this paper develops an index of exposure, measuring which ethnic groups have been most exposed to Covid-19 infected residential neighbourhoods during the first and second waves of the pandemic in England. The index is based on a Bayesian Poisson model with a random intercept in the linear predictor, allowing for extra-Poisson variation at neighbourhood and town/city scales. This permits within-city differences to be decoupled from broader regional trends in the disease. The research finds that members of ethnic minority groups tend to be living in areas with higher infection rates but also that the risk of exposure is distributed unevenly across these groups. Initially, in the first wave, the disease disproportionately affected Black residents. As the pandemic has progressed, especially the Pakistani but also the Bangladeshi and Indian groups have had the highest exposure. This higher exposure of the Pakistani group is not straightforwardly a function of neighbourhood deprivation because it is present across a range of average house prices. However, we find evidence to support the view, expressed in The Doreen Lawrence Review, that it is linked to occupational and environmental exposure, particularly residential density.
Implementation of All-Optical 1x4 Memory Register Unit using the Micro-Ring Resonator Structures
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Kumar Manish , Jindal Sumit Kumar , Raghuwanshi Sanjeev Kumar , Choudhary Rakesh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Implementation of switching activity in the all-optical domain is one of the most important aspects in the field of modern high-speed and secured communication technology. Micro-ring Resonator (MRR) based switching activity can be used to implement all-optical active low tri-state buffer logic and clocked D flip-flop. The paper describes the switching activity of micro-ring resonator structures and the switching activity is further used to implement the effective all-optical 4 - bit memory register using the appropriate arrangement of all-optical tri-state buffers and clocked D flip-flops with the functionality of RD and WR. The complete description of layouts and switching mechanisms of all-optical 4-bit memory registers have been explained and appropriate MATLAB simulation results are presented to observe the suitability of the proposed unit. The analysis shows that implementation of tri-state buffer logic and D flip-flop assisted 4-bit memory register in the all-optical domain includes the considerable advantages of optical communication e.g. immunity to electromagnetic interference, parallel computing, compactness, signal security, etc. The manuscript describes the detailed analysis of performance parameters e. g. extinction ratio, contrast ratio, amplitude modulation, on-off ratio, and switching speed of micro-ring resonator structures to achieve an efficient selection of device parameters and finally describes an efficient technique to implement all-optical MRR based 1 x 4 memory registers.
Evaluation of Active Tectonics in Northwest of Saveh
Authors: Rezaeinahal Bahar , PourKermani Mohsen , Zare Mehdy , Dehbozorgi Maryam , Nozaem Reza 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The northwest zone of Saveh city is located in the fault zone of the Indes, Koosh e Nosrat, Avaj and Aipak. Indes faults, Cox Nosrat, Avaj and Aipak are considered as the major faults of central Iran, which are also active in the Quaternary and the last movements of these faults are attributed to the present covenant, therefore, the estimation of morphometri in order to identify the effect of active tectonics on the tectonic evolution of drainage basins seems necessary. Therefore, in this study, six important morphotectonic indexes were analyzed; longitudinal gradient of the river, asymmetry of drainage basin, hypometric integral, Drainage basin shape,the ratio of the width of the floor to the height of the valley and forehead of the mountain is discussed.to create the basins on the studied area, Arc Hydro software (Arc GIS software) has been used based on data from a digital elevation model, Then, 6 morphotectonic indexes have been compiled and classified on each of the basins.Finally, according to which the region has been classified into 4 categories of high, medium and low tectonic activity the, Active Tectonic Index (IAT) has been calculated.According to the IAT index, 5% of the study area shows very high tectonic activity, 25% of the studied area has high tectonic activity, the average tectonic activity has 65% and about 5% of the tectonic activity are low. In this study, the highest level of tectonic activity is in the north-eastern part of the region. In most of the sectors, the level of activity is high and moderate, which is related to the activity of Koshk E Nosrat, Aipak, Avaj faults.