bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An introduction to the challenges of distributive equity in the English Premier League
Authors: Bishop Rory , Smith Aaron C.T. , Read Daniel 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis article provides a plain language commentary on the distributive equity structure of the English Premier League (EPL) with the aim of introducing sport business practitioners to a foundational challenge facing professional leagues as they grow financially with market opportunities, namely financial inequality between clubs.Design/methodology/approachIntroducing and discussing data from seasons 2009/10–2018/19, the article reveals that despite maintaining a consistent distribution of the EPL prize fund over time, the financial imbalance within the league has grown throughout the period.FindingsThe EPL's financial distributive equity is exacerbated by growing imparity in the acquisition of sponsorship revenues, the distribution of broadcasting revenues and the implications of policies concerning financial fair play and parachute payments, leading to a problematic differential in the talent distribution and win–wage relationship experienced by the top six teams and the remainder.Practical implicationsThe EPL's market-driven continuation of its revenue allocation policies has led to a broadening financial imbalance, in favour of the top clubs, which could paradoxically undermine the financial security of the teams and league. Sport business practitioners should be familiar with this fundamental challenge for sport leagues that accompanies financial growth.Originality/valueWhilst the percentage difference in prize fund allocation between top and bottom clubs appears minor, there is a significant financial variation across the league, primarily due to the large increase in broadcasting income. This is compounded by positive feedback via the relative dominance of the top six clubs receiving the larger share allocated to higher finishing teams.
Shared leadership and team creativity: a team level mixed-methods study
Authors: Xie Lei , Han Soo Jeoung , Beyerlein Michael , Lu Jiacheng , Vukin Lillian , Boehm Rodney 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to conduct two studies to investigate shared leadership and team creativity (TC) in leaderless short-term project teams (STPTs).Design/methodology/approachTo answer the research question, this paper used a multi-level mixed-methods design. This paper analyzed video recordings, transcripts of STPTs’ collaboration and self-report surveys from an international engineering competition. In Study 1, this paper attempted to connect relation-oriented shared leadership (ROSL) and task-oriented shared leadership (TOSL) with TC by coding video recordings. In Study 2, this paper further investigated the proposed positive relationship between shared leadership and TC by surveying a sample of 166 students in 51 teams.FindingsIn Study 1, this paper found that shared leadership covaries with TC following a similar behavioral pattern. In Study 2, multi-level structural equation modeling results suggested that both TOSL and ROSL are positively correlated with TC.Originality/valueIn this mixed-methods multi-level research, this paper found that when the team’s shared leadership increases, their TC activity becomes frequent. This paper confirmed the qualitative finding by quantitatively investigated the relationship between shared leadership and creativity at the team level.
Epidemiology and clinical features of pustular psoriasis: A 15‐year retrospective cohort
Authors: Tosukhowong Theetouch , Kiratikanon Salin , Wonglamsam Patitta , Netiviwat Jaturon , Innu Tanawin , Rujiwetpongstorn Rujira , Tovanabutra Napatra , Chiewchanvit Siri , Kwangsukstith Chartchai , Chuamanochan Mati 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPustular psoriasis (PuP) is a rare variant of psoriasis with a unique immunopathogenesis, unlike its more prevalent plaque‐type counterpart. However, data available are limited due to its low prevalence. This study aimed to describe the demographic profile, precipitating factors, clinical presentations, and treatments among patients with different PuP subtypes from a 15‐year retrospective cohort study in Thailand. A total of 60 patients were included in this study. There was female predominance (73.3%) and mean age of onset was 38.1 ± 17.6 years. Generalized PuP (GPP) was the most prevalent subtype (80.0%), followed by acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (13.3%) and palmoplantar pustulosis (6.7%). Precipitating factors included corticosteroid withdrawal, upper respiratory tract infection, and pregnancy. One‐third of PuP occurred concomitantly with other psoriasis variants, especially the plaque type. The most prescribed systemic and topical treatments were oral acitretin (60.0%) and topical corticosteroids (98.3%), respectively. Only two patients were treated with narrow‐band ultraviolet B. In conclusion, four out of every five PuP patients in this center had GPP. Corticosteroid withdrawal, upper respiratory tract infection, and pregnancy are important precipitating factors. Coexistence with other psoriasis variants was identified in one out of every three patients. Acitretin remains the mainstay of systemic treatment.
The eco‐evolutionary dynamics of prior selfing rates promote coexistence without niche partitioning under conditions of reproductive interference
Authors: Katsuhara Koki R. , Tachiki Yuuya , Iritani Ryosuke , Ushimaru Atushi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Pollinator‐mediated reproductive interference can occur when two or more plant species share the same pollinators. Recent studies have suggested that prior autonomous selfing mitigates reproductive interference, potentially facilitating coexistence even in the absence of pollination niche partitioning (i.e. the pre‐emptive selfing hypothesis). However, whether the evolution of prior selfing promotes coexistence, in the context of the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of population size, selfing rates and inbreeding depression, remains poorly understood.

We constructed an individual‐based model to examine the conditions under which the evolution of prior selfing promotes coexistence in the context of mutual reproductive interference. In the model, two plant species compete by way of mutual reproductive interference, and both have the potential to evolve the capacity for prior autonomous selfing. We expected that purging of deleterious mutations might result in evolutionary rescue, assuming that the strength of inbreeding depression declines as the population selfing rate increases; this would enable inferior competitors to maintain population density through the evolution of prior selfing.

Our simulation demonstrated that evolution of prior selfing may promote coexistence, whereas reproductive interference in the absence of such evolution results in competitive exclusion. We found that lower pollinator availability is likely to favour rapid evolutionary shifts to higher prior selfing rates, thereby neutralising the negative effects of reproductive interference in both species. When the strength of inbreeding depression decreased with an increase in the population‐level selfing rate, moderate pollinator availability resulted in long‐term coexistence in which relative abundance‐dependent selection on the prior selfing rate served to intermittently maintain the population density of the inferior competitor.

Synthesis. We demonstrate that the evolution of prior selfing may increase population growth rates of inferior competitors and may consequently promote long‐term coexistence via an evolutionary rescue. This constitutes a novel mechanism explaining the co‐evolutionary coexistence of closely related plant species without niche partitioning, and is consistent with recent studies reporting that closely related species with mixed mating systems can co‐occur sympatrically, even under conditions of mutual reproductive interference.
Appraisal of national and international uterine fibroid management guidelines: a systematic review
Authors: Amoah A , Joseph N , Reap S , Quinn SD 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundGuidelines standardise high‐quality evidence‐based management strategies for clinicians. Uterine fibroids are a highly prevalent condition and may exert significant morbidity.ObjectivesTo appraise national and international uterine fibroid guidelines using the validated AGREE‐II instrument.Selection strategyDatabase search of PubMed and EMBASE from inception to October 2020 for all published English‐language uterine fibroid clinical practice guidelines.Data collection and analysisIn all, 939 abstracts were screened for eligibility by two reviewers independently. Three reviewers used the AGREE‐II instrument to assess guideline quality in six domains. Recommendations were mapped to allow a narrative synthesis regarding areas of consensus and disagreement.Main resultsEight national guidelines (AAGL, SOGC 2014, ACOG, ACR, SOGC 2019, CNGOF, ASRM and SOGC 2015) and one international guideline (RANZOG) were appraised. The highest scoring guideline was RANZOG 2001(score 56.5%). None of the guidelines met the a priori criteria for being high‐quality overall (score ≥66%). There were 166 recommendations across guidelines. There were several areas of disagreement and uncertainty. There were only three areas of consensus. Supporting evidence was not evident for many recommendations; 27.7% of recommendations were based on expert opinion only.ConclusionsThere is a need for high‐quality guidelines on fibroids given their heterogeneity across individuals and the large range of treatment modalities available. There are also areas of controversy in the management of fibroids (e.g. Ulipristal acetate, power morcellation), which should also be addressed in any guidelines. Future guidelines should be methodologically robust to allow high‐quality decision‐making regarding fibroid treatments.Tweetable abstractCurrent national fibroid guidelines have deficiencies in quality when appraised using the validated AGREE instrument.
Relationship between flavor and energy status in shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) harvested at different developmental stages
Authors: Liu Qin , Hu Sujuan , Song Zhibo , Cui Xiao , Kong Weili , Song Kaibo , Zhang Yuting 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo understand the relationship between flavor and energy, the flavor, energy, and enzyme activity related to energy metabolism in shiitake mushrooms harvested at different developmental stages were investigated. The results indicated that the adenosine triphosphate level increased significantly in developing mushrooms and was strongly correlated with the fresh weight. The levels of equivalent umami concentration (EUC), total aroma compounds, energy charge, adenosine triphosphatase, cytochrome c oxidase, and succinic dehydrogenase varied with maturity. In addition, a strong correlation was observed between aroma compounds, EUC, and energy status (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that the unique flavor of developing shiitake mushroom is closely related to energy. The findings may provide a new strategy to improve the flavor of mushrooms by regulating their energy levels.Practical ApplicationThe unique flavor of shiitake mushroom, which has a significant impact on consumer preferences, is one of its key characteristics. This research paper provides a theoretical foundation for determining the optimal harvest period for shiitake mushrooms with high quality and a new strategy to improve the flavor of mushrooms by regulating their energy levels.
Lithium can mildly increase health during ageing but not lifespan in mice
Authors: Nespital Tobias , Neuhaus Brit , Mesaros Andrea , Pahl André , Partridge Linda 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLithium is a nutritional trace element, used clinically as an anti‐depressant. Preclinically, lithium has neuroprotective effects in invertebrates and mice, and it can also extend lifespan in fission yeast, C. elegans and Drosophila. An inverse correlation of human mortality with the concentration of lithium in tap water suggests a possible, evolutionarily conserved mechanism mediating longevity. Here, we assessed the effects of lithium treatment on lifespan and ageing parameters in mice. Lithium has a narrow therapeutic dose range, and overdosing can severely affect organ health. Within the tolerable dosing range, we saw some mildly positive effects of lithium on health span but not on lifespan.
The myometrial‐cervical ratio (MCR): Assessing the diagnostic accuracy of a novel ultrasound measurement in the diagnosis of adenomyosis
Authors: Mooney Samantha , Roberts Rebecca , McGinnes Dorothy , Ellett Lenore , Maher Peter , Ireland‐Jenkin Kerryn , Stone Kate 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundAdenomyosis is histologically defined by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in the myometrium. To date, there are no standardised ultrasound findings that reliably predict histological adenomyosis.AimsThis study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of a novel sonographic measurement for adenomyosis, the myometrial‐cervical ratio (MCR), when compared with histopathological diagnosis.Materials and MethodsA single‐centre retrospective study was performed. The MCR was calculated from the pre‐operative ultrasound, and histopathology reviewed for each case. Accuracy data were analysed in the form of 2 × 2 tables. The discriminative value of the MCR was summarised with a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Sub‐analysis examined the impact of fibroids, hormonal suppression, menopausal status, parity and indication for surgery.ResultsBetween 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2018, 982 patients underwent hysterectomy for benign non‐obstetric indication and adequate pre‐operative ultrasound was available for 260. The MCR demonstrated limited diagnostic ability for adenomyosis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) 0.58, 95% CI 0.51–0.65). However, when applied to cases with no uterine fibroid included in the MCR calculation (n = 133) there was a strong association between MCR and diagnosis of adenomyosis (odds ratio: 5.79, 95% CI: 2.15, 15.62, P = 0.001) with AUROC for this model 0.68 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.77). At an MCR cut‐point of 1.74, sensitivity is 67.16% and specificity is 66.15%, with 66.67% of samples correctly classified.ConclusionsWhile diagnostic accuracy was suboptimal, the MCR outperforms traditional ultrasound diagnostic features of adenomyosis. The MCR may offer a simple imaging measurement for adenomyosis.
Excimer laser‐assisted corneal epithelial pattern ablation for corneal cross‐linking
Authors: Brekelmans Jurriaan , Dickman Mor M. , Verma Shwetabh , Arba‐Mosquera Samuel , Goldschmidt Ruth , Goz Alexandra , Brandis Alexander , Berendschot Tos T.J.M. , Saelens Isabelle E.Y. , Marcovich Arie L. , Scherz Avigdor , Nuijts Rudy M.M.A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeTo determine corneal cross‐linking (CXL) efficacy and chromophore penetration after excimer laser‐assisted patterned de‐epithelialization.MethodsTwo‐hundred‐twenty porcine eyes were de‐epithelialized ex vivo, either fully (mechanical; n = 88) or patterned (excimer laser; n = 132). Consecutively, corneas were impregnated with hypo‐ or hyperosmolar riboflavin (RF; n = 20, RF‐D; n = 40, respectively) or water‐soluble taurine (WST11; n = 40, and WST‐D; n = 40, respectively), or kept unimpregnated (n = 80). Sixty corneas were subsequently irradiated, inducing CXL, with paired contralateral eyes serving as controls. Outcome measurements included strip extensiometry to assess CXL efficacy, and spectrophotometry and fluorescence microscopy to determine stromal chromophore penetration.ResultsAll tested chromophores induced significant CXL (p < 0.001), ranging from 7.6% to 14.6%, with similar stiffening for all formulations (p = 0.60) and both de‐epithelialization methods (p = 0.56). Light transmittance was significantly lower (p < 0.001) after full compared with patterned de‐epithelialization. Stromal chromophore penetration was comparable between fully and patterned de‐epithelialized samples, with full penetration in RD and RF‐D samples and penetration depths measuring 591.7 ± 42.8 µm and 592.9 ± 63.5 µm for WST11 (p = 0.963) and 504.2 ± 43.2 µm and 488.8 ± 93.1 µm for WST‐D (p = 0.669), respectively.ConclusionsExcimer laser‐assisted patterned de‐epithelialization allows for effective CXL. Stromal chromophore concentration is, however, reduced, which may have safety implications given the need for sufficient UVA attenuation in RF/UVA CXL. The different safety profile of near‐infrared (NIR) may allow safe WST11/NIR CXL even with reduced stromal chromophore concentration values. In vivo studies are needed to evaluate the benefits and further assess safety of excimer laser‐assisted patterned de‐epithelialization for corneal CXL.
FGF13 enhances resistance to platinum drugs by regulating hCTR1 and ATP7A via a microtubule‐stabilizing effect
Authors: Yu Hang , Wang Handong , Qie Anran , Wang Jiaqi , Liu Yueping , Gu Guoqiang , Yang Jing , Zhang Hanqiu , Pan Wensen , Tian Ziqiang , Wang Chuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPlatinum‐based regimens are the most widely used chemotherapy regimens, but cancer cells often develop resistance, which impedes therapy outcome for patients. Previous studies have shown that fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) is associated with resistance to platinum drugs in HeLa cells. However, the mechanism and universality of this effect have not been clarified. Here, we found that FGF13 was associated with poor platinum‐based chemotherapy outcomes in a variety of cancers, such as lung, endometrial, and cervical cancers, through bioinformatics analysis. We then found that FGF13 simultaneously regulates the expression and distribution of hCTR1 and ATP7A in cancer cells, causes reduced platinum influx, and promotes platinum sequestration and efflux upon cisplatin exposure. We subsequently observed that FGF13‐mediated platinum resistance requires the microtubule‐stabilizing effect of FGF13. Only overexpression of FGF13 with the ‐SMIYRQQQ‐ tubulin‐binding domain could induce the platinum resistance effect. This phenomenon was also observed in SK‐MES‐1 cells, KLE cells, and 5637 cells. Our research reveals the mechanism of FGF13‐induced platinum drug resistance and suggests that FGF13 can be a sensibilization target and prognostic biomarker for chemotherapy.
Dung or carrion? Sex and age determine resource attraction in dung beetles
Authors: Salomão Renato Portela , Cerqueira Leonardo Vilas‐Bôas M. P. , Gomes Andreza de Andrade Catunda , González‐Tokman Daniel , Maia Artur Campos Dália , Iannuzzi Luciana 
Published: September 2021

1. Food choice may change depending on sex, age, and physiological condition due to nutritional requirements or because of mechanisms that promote food recognition. Among dung beetles, some species are attracted to both carrion and dung, but why males and females are more attracted to either resource remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether body size, physiological condition (body dry mass, lipid mass, muscle mass) and age (young, mature, old) affect resource attraction in males and females of two species of dung beetles, Dichotomius iannuzziae and D. gilletti.2. This study was carried out in remnants of Atlantic Forest in Brazil. To evaluate resource attraction, pitfall traps baited with feces or carrion were installed in the remnants, and the beetles were categorized according to sex and age. Furthermore, beetles' physiological condition and body size were measured.3. Population structure of D. iannuzziae differed according to bait type. Males of D. iannuzziae were more attracted to feces than carrion across all age classes. The same occurred among conspecific mature females, suggesting a sex‐specific reproductive preference for feces. Contrastingly, D. gilletti resource attraction did not vary with sex or age. For both species, neither body size nor physiological condition defined resource attraction, indicating that compensatory feeding due to nutrient requirements is unlikely.4. Due to the changes in food quality and quantity as a consequence of forest loss, mammal extinction and landscape transformation, it is critical to understand how wild species respond to different scenarios of food availability.
Triadic family structures and their day‐to‐day dynamics from an adolescent perspective: A multilevel latent profile analysis
Authors: Xia Mengya , Bray Bethany C. , Fosco Gregory M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRelationship structure (patterns of relative closeness among multiple family members) and dynamics (changes in relationship structures overtime) are two main aspects of family system functioning, yet empirical tests of these concepts lag behind theory. Recent growth in advanced methods for complex data structures makes it possible to empirically capture structures and dynamics within multiple family relationships overtime. To answer how relationship structure may fluctuate from day to day, this study used multilevel latent profile analysis (MLPA) as an innovative and feasible method to capture mother–father–adolescent (MFA) relationship structures and dynamics on a daily basis. Using daily adolescent reports of mother–father (MF), mother–adolescent (MA), and father–adolescent (FA) closeness from 144 two‐parent families for up to 21 days, we identified six day‐level MFA structures: Cohesive (33% of days; three close dyads), Mother‐Centered (9%; closer MF, average MA, less close FA), Adolescent‐Centered (4%; less close MF, closer MA and FA), MA‐Coalition (3%; closer MA, less close MF and FA), Disengaged (23%; three less close dyads), and Average (28%; three approximately average dyads). We identified five types of MFA dynamics at the family level: Stable Cohesive (35% of families; exhibited Cohesive structure most days), Stable Disengaged (20%; Disengaged structure most days), Stable MA‐Coalition (3%; MA‐Coalition structure most days), Stable Average (24%; Average structure most days), and Variable (17%; varied among multiple structures). Methodologically, daily diary designs and MLPA can be useful tools to empirically examine concrete hypotheses of complex, non‐linear processes in family systems. Substantive and methodological implications are discussed.
Taxonomic composition and lake bathymetry influence fatty acid export via emergent insects
Authors: Mathieu‐Resuge Margaux , Martin‐Creuzburg Dominik , Twining Cornelia W. , Parmar Tarn Preet , Hager Hannes H. , Kainz Martin J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

The ecological role of emergent aquatic insects from lakes in exporting dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) across the freshwater‐land interface is still poorly understood.

In this field study, we explored the seasonal biomass export of emergent insects from three subalpine lakes and investigated how lipids of emergent insects were related to lake bathymetry, lipids of organic matter in lake sediments (i.e., basal resources), and the taxonomic composition of insects.

The total lipid and PUFA fluxes of emergent insects were strongly related to taxonomy and lake bathymetry, but weakly associated with the PUFA content of the uppermost lake sediment layers. PUFA flux estimates of the dominant taxon, Chironomidae, from the shallowest lake (3 m depth; 125 g PUFA m−2 season−1) were considerably higher than those from the deepest lake (33 m depth; 56 g PUFA m−2 season−1), due to the higher per area biomass of emergent insects from this shallow lake. Insect taxonomy also affected the composition of PUFA transfer to land: Chironomidae were richer in ω‐6 PUFA, such as linoleic acid (18:2n‐6) and arachidonic acid (20:4n‐6), whereas Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera contained more ω‐3 PUFA, especially α‐linolenic acid (18:3n‐3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n‐3).

Our findings suggest that taxon‐specific differences in PUFA content and lake bathymetry jointly shape PUFA fluxes and thus the provisioning of emergent insects as dietary sources of physiologically important PUFA for riparian consumers.