bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics, management, and prognosis of elderly patients with COVID-19 admitted in the ICU during the first wave: insights from the COVID-ICU study
Authors:   the COVID-ICU investigators, Dres Martin , Hajage David , Lebbah Said , Kimmoun Antoine , Pham Tai , Béduneau Gaëtan , Combes Alain , Mercat Alain , Guidet Bertrand , Demoule Alexandre , Schmidt Matthieu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is a heavy burden in terms of health care resources. Future decision-making policies require consistent data on the management and prognosis of the older patients (> 70 years old) with COVID-19 admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsCharacteristics, management, and prognosis of critically ill old patients (> 70 years) were extracted from the international prospective COVID-ICU database. A propensity score weighted-comparison evaluated the impact of intubation upon admission on Day-90 mortality.ResultsThe analysis included 1199 (28% of the COVID-ICU cohort) patients (median [interquartile] age 74 [72–78] years). Fifty-three percent, 31%, and 16% were 70–74, 75–79, and over 80 years old, respectively. The most frequent comorbidities were chronic hypertension (62%), diabetes (30%), and chronic respiratory disease (25%). Median Clinical Frailty Scale was 3 (2–3). Upon admission, the PaO2/FiO2ratio was 154 (105–222). 740 (62%) patients were intubated on Day-1 and eventually 938 (78%) during their ICU stay. Overall Day-90 mortality was 46% and reached 67% among the 193 patients over 80 years old. Mortality was higher in older patients, diabetics, and those with a lower PaO2/FiO2ratio upon admission, cardiovascular dysfunction, and a shorter time between first symptoms and ICU admission. In propensity analysis, early intubation at ICU admission was associated with a significantly higher Day-90 mortality (42% vs 28%; hazard ratio 1.68; 95% CI 1.24–2.27;p < 0·001).ConclusionPatients over 70 years old represented more than a quarter of the COVID-19 population admitted in the participating ICUs during the first wave. Day-90 mortality was 46%, with dismal outcomes reported for patients older than 80 years or those intubated upon ICU admission.
Comprehensive analysis of clinical, pathological, and genomic characteristics of follicular helper T-cell derived lymphomas
Authors: Yoon Sang Eun , Cho Junhun , Kim Yeon Jeong , Ko Young Hyeh , Park Woong-Yang , Kim Seok Jin , Kim Won Seog 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification introduced nodal lymphomas of T follicular helper (Tfh) cell origin, such as angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), follicular peripheral T-cell lymphoma (F-PTCL), and nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma with T follicular helper phenotype (nodal PTCL with TFH phenotype). However, the accurate incidence rate and clinical characteristics of F-PTCL and nodal PTCL with TFH are unstudied.

Methods
Between February 2012 to June 2020, a total of 207 cases diagnosed with nodal lymphomas of T follicular helper (Tfh) cell origin and PTCL-NOS were reviewed for clinical and histopathologic data. PTCL-NOS was defined to not correlate to any of the specific entities of mature T cell lymphoma in the WHO 2016 classification. We attempted to classify PTCL-GATA3 and PTCL-TBX21 by IHC staining. Target gene analysis was performed on a few patients with sufficient blood and tissue samples additionally.

Results
Among 207 patients, 111 patients (53.6%) had AITL, 67 patients (32.4%) had PTCL-NOS, 19 patients (9.2%) had F-PTCL, and 10 patients (4.8%) had nodal PTCL with TFH phenotype. We re-defined and analyzed F-PTCL and nodal PTCL with TFH phenotype into other TFH lymphomas. AITL (N = 101/111, 91.0%) was found to have a higher frequency of stage III/IV cancers compared to other TFH lymphomas (N = 22/29, 75.0%) and PTCL-NOS (N = 53/67, 79.1%; p-value = 0.03). The OS of AITL and other TFH lymphomas was similarly superior to PTCL-NOS (p-value = 0.02). AITL and other TFH lymphomas showed the TBX21 subtype more commonly than the GATA3 subtype. Mutations related to the RAS family (RHOA) and those related to epigenetic regulators (IDH2, DNMT3A, and TET2) were shown mainly in AITL and other TFH lymphomas.

Conclusions
Other TFH lymphomas appear to be a rare disease entity around one-quarter in nodal lymphomas of T follicular helper (Tfh) cell origin. Their less aggressive clinical feature than we did not expect is utterly different from PTCL-NOS and AITL. On the other hand, other TFH lymphomas share some characteristics, such as the cell of origin, a more common TBX21 subtype, and genetic variation such as RAS family mutation and epigenetic regulators, with AITL.
Stand-level biomass models for predicting C stock for the main Spanish pine species
Authors: Aguirre Ana , del Río Miren , Ruiz-Peinado Ricardo , Condés Sonia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
National and international institutions periodically demand information on forest indicators that are used for global reporting. Among other aspects, the carbon accumulated in the biomass of forest species must be reported. For this purpose, one of the main sources of data is the National Forest Inventory (NFI), which together with statistical empirical approaches and updating procedures can even allow annual estimates of the requested indicators.

Methods
Stand level biomass models, relating the dry weight of the biomass with the stand volume were developed for the five main pine species in the Iberian Peninsula (Pinus sylvestris, Pinus pinea, Pinus halepensis, Pinus nigra and Pinus pinaster). The dependence of the model on aridity and/or mean tree size was explored, as well as the importance of including the stand form factor to correct model bias. Furthermore, the capability of the models to estimate forest carbon stocks, updated for a given year, was also analysed.

Results
The strong relationship between stand dry weight biomass and stand volume was modulated by the mean tree size, although the effect varied among the five pine species. Site humidity, measured using the Martonne aridity index, increased the biomass for a given volume in the cases of Pinus sylvestris, Pinus halepensis and Pinus nigra. Models that consider both mean tree size and stand form factor were more accurate and less biased than those that do not. The models developed allow carbon stocks in the main Iberian Peninsula pine forests to be estimated at stand level with biases of less than 0.2 Mg∙ha− 1.

Conclusions
The results of this study reveal the importance of considering variables related with environmental conditions and stand structure when developing stand dry weight biomass models. The described methodology together with the models developed provide a precise tool that can be used for quantifying biomass and carbon stored in the Spanish pine forests in specific years when no field data are available.
Automated NLP Extraction of Clinical Rationale for Treatment Discontinuation in Breast Cancer
Authors: Alkaitis Matthew S. , Agrawal Monica N. , Riely Gregory J. , Razavi Pedram , Sontag David 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE Key oncology end points are not routinely encoded into electronic medical records (EMRs). We assessed whether natural language processing (NLP) can abstract treatment discontinuation rationale from unstructured EMR notes to estimate toxicity incidence and progression-free survival (PFS). METHODS We constructed a retrospective cohort of 6,115 patients with early-stage and 701 patients with metastatic breast cancer initiating care at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center from 2008 to 2019. Each cohort was divided into training (70%), validation (15%), and test (15%) subsets. Human abstractors identified the clinical rationale associated with treatment discontinuation events. Concatenated EMR notes were used to train high-dimensional logistic regression and convolutional neural network models. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to compare toxicity incidence and PFS estimated by our NLP models to estimates generated by manual labeling and time-to-treatment discontinuation (TTD). RESULTS Our best high-dimensional logistic regression models identified toxicity events in early-stage patients with an area under the curve of the receiver-operator characteristic of 0.857 ± 0.014 (standard deviation) and progression events in metastatic patients with an area under the curve of 0.752 ± 0.027 (standard deviation). NLP-extracted toxicity incidence and PFS curves were not significantly different from manually extracted curves ( P = .95 and P = .67, respectively). By contrast, TTD overestimated toxicity in early-stage patients ( P < .001) and underestimated PFS in metastatic patients ( P < .001). Additionally, we tested an extrapolation approach in which 20% of the metastatic cohort were labeled manually, and NLP algorithms were used to abstract the remaining 80%. This extrapolated outcomes approach resolved PFS differences between receptor subtypes ( P < .001 for hormone receptor+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2− v human epidermal growth factor receptor 2+ v triple-negative) that could not be resolved with TTD. CONCLUSION NLP models are capable of abstracting treatment discontinuation rationale with minimal manual labeling.
Enabling Precision Medicine in Cancer Care Through a Molecular Data Warehouse: The Moffitt Experience
Authors: Eschrich Steven A. , Teer Jamie K. , Reisman Phillip , Siegel Erin , Challa Chandan , Lewis Patricia , Fellows Katherine , Malpica Everin , Carvajal Rodrigo , Gonzalez Guillermo , Cukras Scott , Betin-Montes Miguel , Aden-Buie Garrick , Avedon Melissa , Manning Daniel , Tan Aik Choon , Fridley Brooke L. , Gerke Travis , Van Looveren Mattias , Blake Amilcar , Greenman Jennifer , Rollison Dana E. 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE The use of genomics within cancer research and clinical oncology practice has become commonplace. Efforts such as The Cancer Genome Atlas have characterized the cancer genome and suggested a wealth of targets for implementing precision medicine strategies for patients with cancer. The data produced from research studies and clinical care have many potential secondary uses beyond their originally intended purpose. Effective storage, query, retrieval, and visualization of these data are essential to create an infrastructure to enable new discoveries in cancer research. METHODS Moffitt Cancer Center implemented a molecular data warehouse to complement the extensive enterprise clinical data warehouse (Health and Research Informatics). Seven different sequencing experiment types were included in the warehouse, with data from institutional research studies and clinical sequencing. RESULTS The implementation of the molecular warehouse involved the close collaboration of many teams with different expertise and a use case–focused approach. Cornerstones of project success included project planning, open communication, institutional buy-in, piloting the implementation, implementing custom solutions to address specific problems, data quality improvement, and data governance, unique aspects of which are featured here. We describe our experience in selecting, configuring, and loading molecular data into the molecular data warehouse. Specifically, we developed solutions for heterogeneous genomic sequencing cohorts (many different platforms) and integration with our existing clinical data warehouse. CONCLUSION The implementation was ultimately successful despite challenges encountered, many of which can be generalized to other research cancer centers.
Maternal Intensive Care Unit Admission as an Indicator of Severe Acute Maternal Morbidity: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Godeberge Charlotte , Deneux-Tharaux Catherine , Seco Aurélien , Rossignol Mathias , Chantry Anne Alice , Bonnet Marie-Pierre ,   on behalf of the EPIMOMS Study Group
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:
Severe acute maternal morbidity (SAMM) accounts for any life-threatening complication during pregnancy or after delivery. Measuring and monitoring SAMM seem critical to assessing the quality of maternal health care. The objectives were to explore the validity of intensive care unit (ICU) admission as an indicator of SAMM by characterizing the profile of women admitted to an ICU and of their ICU stay, according to the association with other SAMM criterion.

METHODS:
We performed a secondary analysis of the 2540 women with SAMM included in the epidemiology of severe acute maternal morbidity (EPIMOMS) multiregional prospective population-based study (2012–2013, n = 182,309 deliveries). The EPIMOMS definition of SAMM, based on national experts’ consensus, is a combination of diagnosis, organ dysfunctions, and intervention criteria, including ICU admission. Among women with SAMM, we identified characteristics associated with maternal ICU admission with or with no other SAMM criterion compared with ICU admission, by using multivariable multinomial logistic regression models.

RESULTS:
Overall, 511 women were admitted to an ICU during or up to 42 days after pregnancy, for a population-based rate of 2.8 of 1000 deliveries (511/182,309; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.6-3.1); 15.5% of them (79/511; 95% CI, 12.4-18.9) had no other SAMM criterion compared with ICU admission. Among women with SAMM, the odds of ICU admission with no other morbidity criterion were increased in women with preexisting medical conditions (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.13; 95% CI, 1.17-3.86) and cesarean before labor (aOR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.47-6.64). Women admitted to ICU with no other SAMM criterion had more often decompensation of a preexisting condition, no interventions for organ support, and a shorter length of stay than women admitted with other SAMM criteria.

CONCLUSIONS:
Among women with SAMM, 1 in 5 is admitted to an ICU; 15.5% of those admitted in ICU have no other SAMM criterion and a less acute condition. These results challenge the use of ICU admission as a criterion of SAMM.
Floating Roots: Agnès Varda's Uncle Yanco
Authors: King Homay 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article traces one source of Agnès Varda's artistic inspiration to Jean “Yanco” Varda, the subject of her 1967 short film Uncle Yanco (US/France). Jean Varda was a peripatetic artist who lived on a houseboat and was part of a bohemian circle that included Henry Miller, Anaïs Nin, Alan Watts, and other luminaries of the San Francisco counterculture. Both Vardas were gleaners and artists. The author argues that both saw the imagination as a place where matter and spirit were reconciled. The article builds on previous work about Varda's The Gleaners and I (Les glaneurs et la glaneuse, France, 2000), exploring Varda's materialist feminism and her use of earthly and tactile materials. The author focuses not only on matter but also on the imagination and the intangible images, colors, and forms that are prominent in her oeuvre, arguing that Yanco served as a muse to his niece.
Synthesis, Electronic Properties, and Lewis Acidity of Rhodium Complexes Bearing X-Type PBP, PAlP, and PGaP Pincer Ligands
Authors: Hara Naofumi , Yamamoto Konosuke , Tanaka Yuuki , Saito Teruhiko , Sakaki Shigeyoshi , Nakao Yoshiaki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We have synthesized rhodium complexes that bear X-type PBP and PGaP pincer ligands. X-ray diffraction analysis and IR spectroscopy of the PBP– and PGaP–Rh(CO)2 complexes showed that the σ-donicity and trans-influence of the X-type boryl ligand are stronger than those of the X-type gallyl ligand. Moreover, the Lewis acidity of the PEP–Rh complexes (E = B, Al, Ga) was examined. The PBP–Rh complex did not interact with the Lewis base N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine (DMAP), while the PAlP–Rh complex coordinated DMAP more strongly via the Al atom than the PGaP–Rh complex via the Ga atom. DFT calculations of the PEP–Rh complexes revealed the details of the electronic properties and Lewis acidity of the X-type PEP pincer ligands. Their σ-donicity increases in the order Ga &lt; B &lt; Al, and the strength of their trans-influence follows the order Ga &lt; Al &lt; B. The polarity of the Eδ+–Rhδ− bond was found to be the greatest for Al and the smallest for B. The Lewis acidity based on the calculated binding energy increases in the order B ≪ Ga &lt; Al, which is consistent with the experimental results.
IR Intensities of CO Molecules Adsorbed on Atop and Low-Coordinate Sites of Pd Nanoparticles: Analysis Using Natural Perturbation Orbitals
Authors: Miyamoto Masaya , Hada Masahiko 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The natural perturbation orbital (NPO) computational method was applied to the analysis of infrared (IR) intensities of CO molecules adsorbed on the surfaces of Pd nanoparticles. Enhancement of the IR intensities for a CO bonded to a single low-coordinate metal adsorbed on the metal surface (low-coordinate model) was compared with those for a CO bonded directly to the metal surface (atop model). This enhancement was ascribed to the mixing between occupied and virtual orbitals induced by molecular vibrations. The occ-virt term, representing this mixing, was efficiently decomposed into contributions from three NPO pairs ($\sigma _{z} - \sigma _{z}^{*}$, $\pi _{x} - \pi _{x}^{*}$, and $\pi _{y} - \pi _{y}^{*}$) for each model. The main contributors were the $\pi _{x} - \pi _{x}^{*}$ and $\pi _{y} - \pi _{y}^{*}$ pairs, which were localized around CO in the atop model, but delocalized throughout the Pd cluster in the low-coordinate model. This variance in orbital delocalization comes from differing interactions between Pd and CO in the atop and low-coordinate models.
Heat Tolerance and Occupational Heat Exposure Limits in Older Men with and without Type 2 Diabetes or Hypertension
Authors: NOTLEY SEAN R. , AKERMAN ASHLEY P. , FRIESEN BRIAN J. , POIRIER MARTIN P. , SIGAL RONALD J. , FLOURIS ANDREAS D. , BOULAY PIERRE , MCCOURT EMMA , RUZICKA MARCEL , KENNY GLEN P. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To mitigate rises in core temperature >1°C, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) recommends upper limits for heat stress (action limit values [ALV]), defined by wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and a worker’s metabolic rate. However, these limits are based on data from young men and are assumed to be suitable for all workers, irrespective of age or health status. We therefore explored the effect of aging, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and hypertension (HTN) on tolerance to prolonged, moderate-intensity work above and below these limits.

Methods
Core temperature and heart rate were assessed in healthy, heat unacclimatized young (18–30 yr, n = 13) and older (50–70 yr) men (n = 14) and heat unacclimatized older men with T2D (n = 10) or HTN (n = 13) during moderate-intensity (metabolic rate: 200 W·m−2) walking for 180 min (or until termination) in environments above (28°C and 32°C WBGT) and below (16°C and 24°C WBGT) the ALV for continuous work at this intensity (25°C WBGT).

Results
Work tolerance in the 32°C WBGT was shorter in men with T2D (median [IQR]; 109 [91–173] min; P = 0.041) and HTN (120 [65–170] min; P = 0.010) compared with healthy older men (180 [133–180] min). However, aging, T2D, and HTN did not significantly influence (i) core temperature or heart rate reserve, irrespective of WBGT; (ii) the probability that core temperature exceeded recommended limits (>1°C) under the ALV; and (iii) work duration before core temperature exceeded recommended limits (>1°C) above the ALV.

Conclusion
These findings demonstrate that T2D and HTN attenuate tolerance to uncompensable heat stress (32°C WBGT); however, these chronic diseases do not significantly impact thermal and cardiovascular strain, or the validity of ACIGH recommendations during moderate-intensity work.
Diffusion kurtosis imaging features of renal cell carcinoma: a preliminary study
Authors: Zhu Qingqiang , Xu Qing , Dou Weiqiang , Zhu Wenrong , Wu Jingtao , Chen Wenxin , Ye Jing 
Published: May 2021

Objective:
To explore the feasibility of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in differentiating different types of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods:
36 patients with clear cell RCC (CCRCC, low-grade,n = 20 and high-grade, n = 16), 19 with papillary RCC, 11 with chromophobe RCC, and 9 with collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) were examined with DKI technique. b values of 0, 500 and 1000 s/mm2 were adopted. The DKI parameters, i.e., mean diffusivity (MD), mean kurtosis (MK), kurtosis anisotropy (KA), radial kurtosis (RK) and signa-to-noise ration (SNR) of DKI images at different b values were used.

Results:
The mean SNRs of DKI images at b = 0, 500 and 1000 s/mm2 were 32.8, 14.2 and 9.18, respectively. For MD parameter, a significant higher value was shown in CCRCC than those of papillary RCC, chromophobe RCC and CDC (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, both chromophobe RCC and CDC have larger MD values than papillary RCC (p &lt; 0.05), however, there was no significant differences between chromophobe RCC and CDC (p &gt; 0.05). For MK, KA and RK parameters, a significant higher value was shown in papillary RCC than those of CCRCC, chromophobe RCC and CDC (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, both chromophobe RCC and CDC have significantly larger values of MK, KA and RK than CCRCC (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our preliminary study demonstrated significant differences in the DKI parameters between the subtypes of RCCs, given an adequate SNR of DKI images.

Advances in knowledge:
1.The MD value is the best parameter to distinguish CCRCC from other RCCs.
2.The MK, KA and RK values are the best parameters to distinguish papillary RCC from other RCCs.
3.DKI is able to provide images with sufficient SNRs in kidney disease.
Animal assisted interventions in the children's hospital: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Howe Rachel , Nicholson Sandra , Lafferty Attracta , Davies Carmel , Stokes Diarmuid , Kroll Thilo 
Published: May 2021

The introduction of Animal Assisted Interventions (AAIs) in healthcare is relatively common; however, their actual effectiveness and long-term impact are not so well known, especially in relation to the children’s hospital setting. It is important to plot where and why animal interventions take place but also to focus on how the human animal bond impacts on children in a children’s hospital setting. Family members, including companion animals, are important supports which help children to relax and give them a sense of familiarity to navigate the busy and stressful hospital environment. The scoping review of the literature proposed will explore the scientific evidence base for AAIs in children’s hospitals and will map results prior to undertaking a full scale research project. Arksey and O’Malley’s framework guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute will frame this review protocol. Appendices are used to ensure transparency of methods. The protocol is presented in narrative style to demonstrate flow, fluency, and appeal to wider readership.