bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peculiarities of purification of natural water from iron compounds using ceramic membranes
Authors: Yarovaya O V , Averina Yu M , Bogatov N A , Razvodova A A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the issues of natural water purification from iron compounds. A comparison of polymeric and ceramic membranes is given. During the experiments, ceramic membranes modified with titanium and completed in a filtering element were used. Experiments on filtration of simulated solutions of ferric iron have been carried out. The dependence of the permeate flux on time for various initial concentrations of ferric iron and the dependence of the working pressure on the volume of the filtrate for various initial concentrations of ferric iron, at a constant filtration rate is shown. It was found that the residual concentrations of iron (III) compounds, regardless of the experimental conditions, met the regulatory requirements and did not exceed 0.3 mg/l. Based on the results obtained, flow diagrams of ultrafiltration units based on ceramic membranes were proposed.
Catalytically active membranes for decomposition of organic compounds in aqueous solutions
Authors: Nyan Htet Lin , Aung Ko Zo , Yarovaya O V , Abaeva E A , Boldyrev V S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This work is devoted to the preparation of microfiltration ceramic tubular membranes based on α-Al2O3 with deposited catalytically active layers for use in wastewater treatment processes. Cobalt and manganese oxides were used as the material of the catalytically active layer; deposition was carried out using a mixture of aggregative stable aqueous dispersions of Co3O4 and MnO2 nanoparticles. According to the data of scanning electron microscopy, the thickness of the obtained deposited layers does not exceed 3 μm. X-ray fluorescence analysis confirmed the presence of Mn and Co on the surface of the samples. The resulting membranes with a mass of 10 mg of the deposited layer of the oxide mixture were tested in the methylene blue decomposition reaction in dilute aqueous solutions (1,2 mg/L). The reaction was carried out in a batch reactor at room temperature, complete discoloration of the solution was observed after 180-240 minutes.
Soil treatment using natural biocoenosis
Authors: Taranov R A , Vinogradov M S , Senik E V , Serov S A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The paper considers the possibility of using different biocoenosisforsoil treatment of oil contamination. It is indicated that the use of artificial biocoenosis is expensive and not always effective. It is shown that the use of natural biocoenosis, for example, in the form of activated sludge taken from the treatment facilities of oil refineries, is much cheaper and not inferior in effectiveness to the action of biological substance preparations (biological preparations) based on artificial biocoenosis.
Intensification of the biotreatment processes of natural and waste water, contaminated with spent lubricating oils with sorbents of various nature
Authors: Morozov N V , Ganiev I M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Biodegradation of spent lubricating oils (mineral, semisynthetic, synthetic) was investigated in natural and waste water of consortia of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms (HOM) under the influence of sorbents of various nature. It was found that the effectiveness of the latter’s action on the biotreatment processes of water from oils is determined by the size of particles, concentration, formation of active contact surface of phases by them and their participation in neutralization of contaminants. In direct use of sorbents without HOM, are purified 7 to 19.6 % oils. This is achieved within 10-14 days of contact. The joint use with HOM of inert materials (river sand, coal powder, polyethylene chips, etc.), in the same contact times, water is neutralized from lubricating oils from 44.9 to 63.7 % observed under the influence of HOM only. At the same time, with buckwheat, oats, wheat and barley husks with the same level of pollution, the purification of water from lubricating oils reaches 93.7 %. It is related to the simultaneous participation of these sorbents in the formation of a highly active surface for immobilizing contaminants and microflora, to provide stimulating activity of the latter by involving products associated with these materials in oxidative processes.
The experience in the developing of reverberation chambers and «Echonic rooms»
Authors: Laukhin D A , Totunov S S , Adorni E , Ivanova O A , Strokin A A , Ivanov M V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This work represents the results of a study of the acoustic characteristics of a room, which is intended (with appropriate additional equipment), according to the project, for the studies of the characteristics of various types of machines of small dimensions. The obtained results show us, that the investigated room, in case the sound-scattering boards with sound-reflecting elements are installed inside, could be attributed to the category of «Echonic» rooms, with the parameters close to reverberation chambers. Therefore, this allow one to carry out practical works to reduce the noise of machines and equipment that do not have high directivity indicators. At the same time, works aimed at reducing the noise of machines in such a «live» room are less laborious compared to similar work in echo-free chambers. Besides, such rooms are less fire hazardous.
Plasma-treating of polymeric membranes for separation of water-oil emulsions
Authors: Dryakhlov V O , Nizameev I R , Kasimova A R , Tsareva O V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The effect of high-frequency capacitive low-temperature plasma of reduced pressure of glow in different gas atmospheres on polymeric membranes has been investigated. Increased roughness of plasma-treated PES membranes and smoothing of PAN and PSA filters is shown. For all membranes, oxidative processes are observed as a result of plasma exposure, which is confirmed by the increased C-O content of the IR-spectroscopy group. The growth in wetting capacity of membranes treated with plasma of gas atmospheres is also demonstrated. They contain nitrogen and air and an increase of hydrophobicity in the case of propane and butane gas atmosphere. The increasing in hydrophilicity has been determined experimentally, thus raise of efficiency of water-oil emulsion separation.
Application of wastes productions of energy-saturated substances in receiving civil products
Authors: Romanova S M , Madyakina A M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cellulose nitrate is the main component of pyroxylin powder. Due to the large quantities of the released obsolete pyroxylin powders it becomes necessary to recover them. In this work, we studied the possibility of chemical modification of cellulose nitrate extracted from outdated pyroxylin powder as a rubber plasticizer in standard elastomeric compositions based on butyl rubber.
Wastewater purification from copper and nickel ions by means of thermally modified organo-mineral wastes and their combinations
Authors: Sapronova Zh A , Svyatchenko A V , Sverguzova S V , Gafarov R R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Wastewaters, which contain heavy metals, are one of the main sources of environment pollution. This paper presents the data of research findings concerning the combined use of thermally modified organo-mineral waste products of sugar production and brewing industry for purifying test solutions from copper and nickel ions. The most efficient is the sorption material, obtained by heat treatment of brewing industry’s kieselguhr sludge KS450 (94% for nickel ions and 95% for copper ions); the next efficient is the material, obtained from sugar industry’s carbonaceous sludge CS600; the application of combined sorbents showed no increase in wastewater purification efficiency.
New data on reptiles and birds in the North Ustyurt
Authors: Akhmedenov K , Shpigelman M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Periodic inventory of species composition of fauna is one of the first tasks in the conservation of biodiversity. The North Ustyurt is one of the natural areas with a weak spatial-temporal study of herpetofauna and avifauna in the Western Kazakhstan. According to 2020 field studies and literary sources, a reliable habitation of one species of amphibians [European green toad Bufotes viridis (Laurenti, 1768)] and six reptile species [grey gecko Mediodactylus russowii (Strauch, 1887), takir agama Phrynocephalus helioscopus (Pallas, 1771), desert sand boa Eryx miliaris (Pallas, 1773), steppe ratsnake Elaphe dione (Pallas, 1773), blotched snake Elaphe sauromates (Pallas, 1814), Halys viper Gloydius halys (Pallas, 1776)]. As a result of the study of avifauna of late migratory and nomadic birds on the cliffs of the Doniztau and Zheltau mountains, 7 species of birds were identified that had not previously been recorded in the area [Tarsiger cyanurus, Ficedula parva red-breasted flycatcher, Eurasian blue tit Parus caeruleus, great tit Parus major, brambling Fringilla montifringilla, Eurasian siskin Carduelis spinus, reed oatmeal Emberiza schoeniclus]. In total, 33 species of birds found on the North Ustyurt. The materials obtained indicate a lack of study of herpetofauna and avifauna of the North Ustyurt and it is necessary to continue research here.
Features of a systematic environmental assessment of the agricultural landscapes in the chestnut soils arid steppe
Authors: Belyakov A M , Nazarova M V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Most of the modern agricultural landscapes (agrolandscapes) are significantly deformed in a varying degree. The relevance of systemic assessments of agricultural landscapes lies in prompt and objective identification of their ecological state and deviations, as well as timely development of measures for restoration and preservation of ecosystems. The methodological basis of the research is presented in the works by A.N. Kashtanov, A.A. Zhuchenko, V.A. Nikolaev, V.I. Kiryushin, A.G. Isachenko, M.I. Lopyrev, N.P. Masyutenko and other scientists. The conducted research has allowed revealing a significant impact of agricultural technologies and farming systems (up to 72-78%) on the agrolandscape of the arid zone of chestnut soils of the Volgograd region. The combination of these factors can lead the agricultural objects under study to a high degree of ecological balance or, conversely, to degradation. The authors have developed the system of criteria for direct, indirect and integrated assessment of the state of agricultural landscapes of steppe and dry-steppe zones of the Volgograd region. These criteria are estimated in points from 1 to 5: 5 points (absolutely balanced), 4 points (balanced), 3 points (medium balanced), 2 points (poorly balanced), 1 point or less (unbalanced). This assessment system has been tested on real objects. When calculating the average point, object “C” had 2.3 points (poorly balanced); object “I” – 2.9 points (medium balanced); and object “U” – 3.6 points (relatively balanced). The developed system of direct, indirect and integrated assessment of the state of agricultural landscapes for the conditions of insufficient humidity allows for objective evaluation of agricultural objects in terms of their ecological balance. The system can be used as the basis for regulation of anthropogenic load on the agricultural sphere as well as for timely adoption of organizational and technological measures aimed at restoration of ecological balance in the conditions of insufficient humidity peculiar of the southern regions of the Russian Federation.
Landscape-geomorphological features of natural-territorial complexes of the Middle Don Valley (on the example of Volgograd region)
Authors: Dedova I S , Burul T N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article is dedicated to the assessment of the relationship of the geomorphological elements of the valley of the middle course of the Don in Volgograd region with intrazonal floodplain landscapes and zonal landscapes of floodplain terraces. The purpose of the study is to develop geographical ideas about the regional features of the formation of the considered landscapes. Objectives of the study are geomorphological analysis, which determines the landscape diversity development; assessment of the soil-landscape relation of the zonal steppe geosystems and intrazonal floodplain geosystems, caused by close genetic interconnection; substantiation of landscape structure diversity within the geomorphological units of the Middle Don valley. The study is based on a standard methodology of the landscape-morphological analysis of the territory. Based on the results of the research, described is the landscape structure of the Middle Don Valley, which is characterized by a variety of NTC on a different geomorphological basis. Proved is that the floodplain of the Don in Volgograd Region has distinct geomorphological elements: riverbed floodplain, central and near-terrace floodplains. The above-floodplain terraces are distinguished by the development of 4 generations. The conducted field studies allowed us to establish a close relationship between the local landscape units and the geomorphological conditions of the Middle Don Valley. Floodplain and above-floodplain-terrace types of localities were identified. They are characterized by mottled morphology within their borders highlighted in riverine tracts, the Central area is divided into the floodplain.
Effects of fire on production and destruction processes in steppe phytocenoses of Burtinskaya Steppe, Orenburg Nature Reserve
Authors: Dusaeva G H , Kalmykova O G , Dusaeva N V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the production and destruction process in burned and unburned (control) steppe phytocenoses. The fire occurred in August 2014, after which a monitoring network consisting of 6 sites was laid out. During two vegetation seasons (2015 – 2016), we surveyed above-ground and below-ground phytomass stocks and on their basis production and destruction amounts in phytocenoses were calculated. Comparative analysis of control and burned communities revealed higher production and destruction of above-ground phytomass components in both years. With the general tendency for most phytocenoses to reduce above-ground production and increase litter in the second year of the survey, the first process was more intense in burned phytocenoses that were exposed to anthropogenic load in the past, and the second process occurred in almost all burned communities. In the below-ground sphere, mineralization processes were more intense during the entire survey period on control sites, and an increase in the mass of living and dead below-ground organs was more determined by the phytocenoses specifics, rather than their damage by fire.
Perspective steppe protected areas of the Central Chernozem region of Russia (a case study of Voronezh oblast)
Authors: Grigogorjevskaya A Y , Vladimirov D R , Podobed E A , Subbotin A S , Miroshnikova A A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article gives a short description of the present state of Voronezh oblast steppe natural territorial complexes and discovers the reasons of preserved steppe landscapes identification and protection. The authors provide landscape and floristic descriptions of 9 perspective steppe protected areas which are located in 7 administrative-territorial units. Within descriptions particular emphasis is laid on the plant species of Russia and Voronezh oblast Red Data Books. A map of perspective steppe protected areas location is presented in accordance with a scheme of regional physical and geographical zoning.
Scientific approaches solving problems of modern steppe land use on the base of modernization of the landscape-adaptive systems of agriculture
Authors: Gulyanov Yu A , Levykin S V , Kazachkov G V 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBioclimatic resources were detected in the paper. Reserves increasing crops’ productivity were estimated to develop and scientifically explain approaches to solve current agricultural use of steppe lands in the post-virgin land region of the Ural and West Siberia. Agrotechnical reasonability of the practiced structure of crops was analyzed. The principal directions to modernize landscape-adaptive agriculture systems were detected based on anthropogenic pressing reduction and soil protection from further degradation. The data source was official statistical indicators (EMISS) placed in open access, expedition research, calculation, and the author’s conclusion. Standard methods of the statistical analysis were used in the data processing. It was ascertained that under practiced agriculture approaches in the Ural and West Siberia post-virgin land regions, a low realization of bioclimatic potential (BCP) of crop capacity (31-37%) was noticed. A line of spatial peculiarities characterized BCP. The useful key factor of crop capacity stabilization and better BCP realization was the modernization of zonal landscape-adaptive systems of agriculture and optimization of an arable lands structure, replenishment of crops diversity, especially having soil-preserving and soil-recovering effect (annual and perennial grasses, feed crops for green mass, leguminous plants, etc.). In modern natural and anthropogenic changes, it was significant to a departure from monocultures, renew scientifically explained crop rotations, keep technological discipline, and support the whole technical process.
Dynamics of phytoproductive functioning of low-mountain steppe landscapes of the Southern Urals
Authors: Khoroshev A V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that landscape spatial pattern controlled the range of possible dynamic states. We used NDVI values in 1984-2019 in the low-mountain-steppe landscape in the Southern Urals and calculated Getis-Ord statistic to detect hot and cold spots of high and low green phytomass, respectively. We assessed the stability of hot and cold spots before and after establishment of protective regime and evaluated the contribution of the matter circulation in a catchment geosystem to the stability of phytoproductive functioning. The dynamics of the areas of spots of increased and decreased phytomass in the steppe landscape has a clearly pronounced seasonal variation, determined by the time of increased or decreased evaporation. The frequency of spots of high phytomass increases in the larger catchments. The mode of phytoproductive functioning in small catchments can be more holistic without the persistent areas with a meadow type of functioning. Sub-vertical and inclined bedding of sedimentary rock layers distorts the dependence of hot spots on catchment area. The protective regime in the zonal steppe phytocoenoses stabilizes the dynamics of green phytomass.
Rare plants of the Voronezh region in ecosystems of Khrenovsky pine forest
Authors: Kin N O , Demchenko N Yu , Ryabtsov S N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To evaluate the environmental significance of Khrenovsky Bor isolated pine forest, we identified rare plant species in this area. We have been conducting floristic surveys for 10 years using route method. Herbarium specimens, literary and archival data were also analyzed. This allowed us to identify 850 species pertaining to 718 genera and 130 families in the forest area. The flora of Khrenovsky pine forest encompasses 5 plant species listed in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation and 46 species in the Red Data Book of the Voronezh region. It accounts for 19.4% of all rare vascular plant species in the region. Most of the rare species are representatives of boreal, boreal-nemoral, nemoral, boreal-nemoral-forest-steppe latitude groups. This indicates high importance of the pine forest in conservation of rare species, and forest species make up the greater portion of them. One of the important results was the discovery of Elatine alsinastrum L. in the forest area. A proposal has been put forward to include this species in the rare taxa cadastre of the Voronezh Region and regional Red Data Book. We consider the possibility of giving the nature protection status to Khrenovsky Bor pine forest as a unique forest area, where rare plant species are preserved, and for some of them this forest area is the only habitat in the region.
The geographical analysis of the nature management structure in the steppe regions of European Russia
Authors: Kosykh P A , Petrishchev V P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Median models of the nature management structure of the municipal districts in the steppe zone of Russia are considered in the paper. A review of modern publications reflects special features of spatial models of nature management within the Russian Federation’s municipal districts. The clustering meaвthods (cluster groups) and geo-informational mapping are used as leading methods of geographical analysis. The method of B.B. Rodoman’s geocartoids (geographical carotids) is used to visualize the received data. A concept of space polarization and the inductive approach averaging geographical conditions and economic factors in the formation of the municipal economic structure lies on the base of the construction. The problem of the harmonious building of municipal nature management in Russia’s steppe zone is urgent due to the discrepancy of different conditions and processes. Six models of cluster groups of municipal districts in the steppe zone of Russia were built and described. Based on them, three averaged (median) models were received: urbanized (suburban), harmonious (landscape-adaptive), peripheral (homogeneous). The conceptual model of steppe nature management was offered. It reflects the priority of stable development of municipality and comfort for population residence with a necessity of spare nature management and steppe etalons’ conservation. The designs’ principal purpose is to secure spatial development schemes and general programs of settlements by scientifically grounded concepts of municipal development.
The Virgin Land megaproject and the Land reform as the global experiment of steppe self-restoration in North Eurasia
Authors: Levykin S V , Chibilev A A , Gulyanov Yu A , Chibilev A A , Kazachkov G V , Yakovlev I G , Nurushev M Zh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Among all agrarian-social megaprojects realized in the steppe zone, the Virgin Land [Tselina] (1954-1963) and the Land reform of the 1990s exerted the most considerable influence on the state and properties of current agro-landscapes. It was the projects of opposite orientation which every on its stage set the highest in history pace of the landscape dynamics in the steppe zone. The consistent impact of these megaprojects, one of which practically annihilated steppes, and the other created terms to realize steppe restoration potential, allows considering them in totality as the united experiment of the global scale for revealing and evaluation of steppe self-restoration. Thanks to this experiment in the steppes of Eurasia, new dynamic space – after virgin land was formed. Using new data, including field studies and discovered novel factors, we estimated the Virgin land campaign’s consequences and the Land reform. A further fundamental generalization of these megaprojects’ effects, landscape, and scientific heritage required developing an adaptation of steppe land use was conducted as a response to climatic and other current challenges.