bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disulfiram and copper combination therapy targets NPL4, cancer stem cells and extends survival in a medulloblastoma model
Authors: Serra Riccardo , Zhao Tianna , Huq Sakibul , Gorelick Noah Leviton , Casaos Joshua , Cecia Arba , Mangraviti Antonella , Eberhart Charles , Bai Renyuan , Olivi Alessandro , Brem Henry , Jackson Eric M. , Tyler Betty 
Published: November 2021

Background
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common brain malignancy in children, and is still responsible for significant mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of Disulfiram (DSF), an FDA-approved inhibitor of Aldehyde-Dehydrogenase (ALDH), and Copper (Cu++) in human SSH-driven and Group 3 MB. The molecular mechanisms, effect on cancer-stem-cells (CSC) and DNA damage were investigated in xenograft models.

Methods
The cytotoxic and anti-CSC effects of DSF/Cu++ were evaluated with clonogenic assays, flow-cytometry, immunofluorescence, western-blotting. ONS76, UW228 (SHH-driven with Tp53m), D425med, D283 and D341 (Group 3) cell-lines were used. In vivo survival and nuclear protein localization protein-4 (NPL4), Ki67, Cleaved-Caspase-3, GFAP and NeuN expression were assessed in two Group 3 MB xenografts with immunohistochemistry and western-blotting.

Results
Significant in vitro cytotoxicity was demonstrated at nanomolar concentrations. DSF/Cu++ induced cell-death through NPL4 accumulation in cell-nucleus and buildup of poly-ubiquitylated proteins. Flow-cytometry demonstrated a significant decrease in ALDH+, Nestin+ and CD133+ following treatment, anti-CSC effect was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. DSF/Cu++ prolonged survival, and increased nuclear NPL4 expression in vivo.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that this combination may serve as a novel treatment, as monotherapy or in combination with existing therapies, for aggressive subtypes of pediatric MB.
From a case-control survey to a diagnostic viral gastroenteritis panel for testing of general practitioners’ patients
Authors: Bruijnesteijn van Coppenraet Lesla E. S. , Flipse Jacky , Wallinga Janny A. , Vermeer Marloes , van der Reijden Wil A. , Weel Jan F. L. , van der Zanden Adri G. M. , Schuurs Theo A. , Ruijs Gijs J. H. M. 
Published: November 2021

Objective
To evaluate the pathogenicity of a broad range of 11 possible gastroenteritis viruses, by means of statistical relationships with cases vs. controls, or Ct-values, in order to establish the most appropriate diagnostic panel for our general practitioner (GP) patients in the Netherlands (2010–2012).

Methods
Archived stool samples from 1340 cases and 1100 controls were retested using internally controlled multiplex real-time PCRs for putative pathogenic gastroenteritis viruses: adenovirus, astrovirus, bocavirus, enterovirus, norovirus GI and GII, human parechovirus, rotavirus, salivirus, sapovirus, and torovirus.

Results
The prevalence of any virus in symptomatic cases and asymptomatic controls was 16.6% (223/1340) and 10.2% (112/1100), respectively. Prevalence of astrovirus (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 10.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34–80.06) and norovirus GII (aOR 3.10; CI 1.62–5.92) was significantly higher in cases versus controls. Rotavirus was encountered only in cases. We did not find torovirus and there was no statistically significant relationship with cases for salivirus (aOR 1,67; (CI) 0.43–6.54)), adenovirus non-group F (aOR 1.20; CI 0.75–1.91), bocavirus (aOR 0.85; CI 0.05–13.64), enterovirus (aOR 0.83; CI 0.50–1.37), human parechovirus (aOR 1.61; CI 0.54–4.77) and sapovirus (aOR 1.15; CI 0.67–1.98). Though adenovirus group F (aOR 6.37; CI 0.80–50.92) and norovirus GI (aOR 2.22, CI: 0.79–6.23) are known enteropathogenic viruses and were more prevalent in cases than in controls, this did not reach significance in this study. The Ct value did not discriminate between carriage and disease in PCR-positive subjects.

Conclusions
In our population, diagnostic gastroenteritis tests should screen for adenovirus group F, astrovirus, noroviruses GI and GII, and rotavirus. Case-control studies as ours are lacking and should also be carried out in populations from other epidemiological backgrounds.
Gender-wise comparison of oral health quality of life and its relationship with oral health parameters among elderly from Wroclaw, south-west Poland
Authors: Skośkiewicz-Malinowska Katarzyna , Kaczmarek Urszula , Malicka Barbara 
Published: November 2021

Background
In recent years, there has been an increase of aging population with longer life expectancy in females. This study aims to compare some oral health parameters and quality of life in the elderly.

Methods
The survey involved 500 urban residents (Wroclaw, Poland) aged 65 and older, of both gender. Socio-demografic data were assessed by self-reported questionnaire. Clinical examination included oral health assessment by the World Health Organization criteria with extension and oral dryness (Chalacombe scale). Quality of Life (QoL) was evaluated using Euro-Quality of Life, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9, which were validated for the Polish population. The relationship strength between psychometric scale scores and sociodemographic and clinical factors was determined by calculating Spearman’s linear correlation coefficient values and regression coefficient values.

Results
There was no gender-wise differences in oral health parameters, except for a higher number of decayed teeth in males (DT 1.9±3.2 vs 1.2±2.4; p = 0.34). Oral dryness was diagnosed significantly more frequently in females then males (36.9% vs. 25.5%; p = 0.076). The males were significantly more likely to have high treatment needs (36.1% vs. 26.9%; p = 0.032) and they required urgent dental treatment (7.2% vs. 2.8%; p = 0.022). There were no significant differences in terms of QoL evaluated by EQ-5D, EQ-5D VAS or OHIP-14 questionnaires between males and females (0.832±0.194 vs 0.855±0.197, 67.9±10.9 vs 66.1±18.6, 7.2±12.9 vs 8.5±14.0, respectively; p > 0.05). However, females presented the higher severity of depressive symptoms measured by the PHQ-9 questionnaire (4.0±4.1 vs. 2.8±3.8; p<0.001).

Conclusion
It can be concluded that the independent predictors which significantly affect the high QoL scores on the EQ-5D scale were found to be female gender, age below 75, high or middle income, independence in daily life, a low number of comorbidities, lack of oral treatment needs.
Ultrasonographic characteristics of major salivary glands in anti-centromere antibody-positive primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Min Hong Ki , Kim Se-Hee , Park Youngjae , Lee Kyung-Ann , Kwok Seung-Ki , Lee Sang-Heon , Kim Hae-Rim 
Published: November 2021

PurposeTo investigate salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) findings in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) patients positive for the anti-centromere antibody (ACA) and compare these with those in ACA-negative pSS patients.MethodsWe analyzed demographic, clinical, laboratory, and SGUS data of pSS patients who fulfilled the 2002 American-European Consensus Group classification criteria for pSS. SGUS findings of four major salivary glands (bilateral parotid and submandibular glands) were scored in five categories and compared between ACA-positive and ACA-negative pSS patients. Linear regression analysis was performed to elucidate the factors associated with SGUS score.ResultsIn total, 121 pSS patients were enrolled (19, ACA-positive). The ACA-positive patients were older (67.0 vs 58.0 years,P= 0.028), whereas anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB positivity was more prevalent in the ACA-negative group (89.2% vs 21.1%,P< 0.001, and 47.1% vs 10.5%,P= 0.007, respectively). The total SGUS and hypoechoic area scores were lower in ACA-positive patients (16.0 vs 23.0,P= 0.027, and 4.0 vs 7.0,P= 0.004, respectively). In univariate regression analysis, being positive for unstimulated salivary flow rate (USFR < 1.5 ml/15 min), anti-Ro/SSA, and rheumatoid factor were positively associated whereas ACA positivity was negatively associated with the SGUS score. In multivariate regression analysis, being positive for USFR, anti-Ro/SSA, and rheumatoid factor showed significant association with the SGUS score.ConclusionsACA-positive pSS patients showed a lower SGUS score than ACA-negative patients, which was especially prominent in the hypoechoic area component.
On the Definitions Used in Sports Law
Authors: Tydykova Nadezhda , Kovalenko Ekaterina 
Published: November 2021

The article concentrates on the study of the basic concepts used in the text of the Federal Law of December 4, 2007 N 329-FZ «On physical culture and sports in the Russian Federation». The definitions of the concepts «sport» and «physical culture» are analyzed. The authors have concluded that the legal definition of sport is consistent with the broad understanding of this phenomenon in science. It has been proved that the legislator uses the constitutive features of sport and physical culture in a contradictory way when giving other definitions. This problem has been revealed during the study of the concepts: «school sport», «student sport», «corporate sport», the content of which combines both features of sport and features of physical culture. The authors also propose to distinguish between the physical education for physically impaired people and persons with disabilities, aimed at rehabilitation and sports activities of the same categories, aimed at achieving purely sports results by developing appropriate definitions and fixing them in the text of the studied law. Attention is drawn to the impossibility of determining the ratio of such concepts as «corporate sport» and «sport at the place of work», «sport at the place of residence and recreation» and «mass sport» for reasons caused by defects in legislative technology. Such categories as «professional sports», «sports of the highest achievements» and «mass sports» are discriminated. The position is expressed that the absence of the term «amateur sport» in the studied law has objective reasons and is not a disadvantage. In conclusion, the authors state that it is necessary to elaborate the concepts under study and their terminological improvement. Such a measure will allow not only to improve the text of the studied law from the standpoint of legislative technique, but also to clearly formulate the subject of sports law.
Diachronic Cognitive Linguistics
Authors: Hartmann Stefan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDiachronic studies have played an increasingly important role in recent Cognitive Linguistics. This introductory paper provides an overview of some major lines of research in this field, starting with the inherently panchronic approach that characterizes most flavors of usage-based theory from Cognitive Grammar to recent complex adaptive systems approaches. In particular, the “constructionist turn” and the “quantitative turn” in Diachronic Cognitive Linguistics are discussed in detail. Diachronic Cognitive Linguistics is introduced as a multi-faceted, dynamic framework that aims at providing a holistic and nuanced picture of the complex interplay between language, cognition, and cultural evolution. In addition, this paper introduces the contributions to the present volume in some detail and discusses their relation to current research trends and paradigms within the broader framework of Diachronic Cognitive Linguistics.
The syntax of metaphor
Authors: Schneider Ulrike 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper analyses diachronic changes which result from metaphorical extension. Its aim is to assess whether such semantic shifts may lead to further semantic and syntactic differentiation between the verb senses and whether they can be described as shifts away or towards prototypical transitivity (cf. Hopper & Thompson 1980). It focusses on changes the verbderailunderwent in the 19th and 20th centuries. In a corpus-based analysis, it utilises CART trees and a random forest to determine which syntactic and semantic properties differentiate literal and metaphorical uses ofderail. Results reveal a syntactic shift from transitive to intransitive in the older literal construction which hardly affects the younger metaphorical one. This indicates that differentiation can be an epiphenomenon of semantic shifts.
Morphosyntactic vagueness and directionality
Authors: Kuo Yueh Hsin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper shows that morphosyntactic vagueness exists between several minor morphosyntactic categories in Mandarin (modal,protasis connectiveand types ofclassifier): these categories share formal distributional properties and functional similarities such that their morphosyntactic distinctions become neutralized in some contexts. Consequently, bidirectionality rather than unidirectionality may characterize these categories diachronically. This paper proposes that any direction of change that is motivated by morphosyntactic vagueness should be regarded as regular and systematic, even if it is not unidirectional, and identifies some directions for future research on morphosyntactic vagueness in diachrony.
Modeling, cost optimization and management of grid connected solar powered charging station for electric vehicle
Authors: Khare Vikas , Khare Cheshta J. , Nema Savita , Baredar Prashant 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Transportation sector is currently the largest carbon emitter and produces lots of harmful gases in the atmosphere, as a result Electric Vehicle (EV) is an attractive choice for mankind. Increased use of EVs needs the establishment of a large number of EV charging stations. This paper shows comprehensive assessment of solar powered charging station which is used for the charging of electric vehicles. This paper includes the design, cost optimization and management of an EV charging station along with pre-feasibility analysis for location assessment for EV charging stations. A case study for Ahmedabad is presented in this paper. Solar-Pro software is used for design, technical and financial assessment of solar powered based charging stations. Memetic and Cuckoo optimization techniques are used for cost optimization. Further Program, Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is used to assess the cradle to grave process of charging stations and at the end strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) and Political, Economic, Social, Legal, Environmental (PESTLE) analysis is presented, which shows strength and weakness of project from political, economical, social and ecological points of view. Results shows that Ahmedabad is suitable location for the solar powered charging station due to the mean value and maximum value of solar radiation is 5.7516 and 10.8869 kwh/m2/day respectively. The available energy of the given system is 30,506 kwh/m2/day at the solar fraction of 97.12%. The result of cuckoo algorithm for cost optimization is much better than memtic algorithm. Result also shows the reliability of whole system is 89%.
Online task planning and L2 oral fluency:does manipulating time pressure affect fluency in L2 monologic oral narratives?
Authors: Awwad Anas , Alhamad Rashed 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study attempts to widen our understanding of how manipulating pressured online task planning affects L2 oral fluency. The principal aim of this study is to investigate the effect of reducing time pressure on L2 learners’ oral speech production while performing video-based narrative tasks in terms of fluency. The study adopted a video-based narrative task to elicit spoken data from forty secondary school students. Online planning was operationalised through slowing down the video clip in the + online planning condition. Measures of breakdown and repair fluency were adopted to capture learners’ oral fluency. The findings revealed that online planning had a positive effect on L2 oral fluency regarding the number of filled pauses. Whereas it had a negative impact on fluency regarding mean length of silent pauses. No effect was found regarding number of silent pauses and disfluencies. The results will be discussed and pedagogic implications will be proposed.
Two-dimensional array of iron-garnet nanocylinders supporting localized and lattice modes for the broadband boosted magneto-optics
Authors: Zimnyakova Polina E. , Ignatyeva Daria O. , Karki Dolendra , Voronov Andrey A. , Shaposhnikov Alexander N. , Berzhansky Vladimir N. , Levy Miguel , Belotelov Vladimir I. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate a novel all-dielectric magnetophotonic structure that consists of two-dimensional arrays of bismuth substituted iron-garnet nanocylinders supporting both localized (Fabry–Perot-like) and lattice (guided-like) optical modes. Simultaneous excitation of the two kinds of modes provides a significant enhancement of the Faraday effect by 3 times and transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect by an order of magnitude compared to the smooth magnetic film of the same effective thickness. Both magneto-optical effects are boosted in wide spectral and angular ranges making the nanocylinder array magnetic dielectric structures promising for applications with short and tightly focused laser pulses.
Al 5251-based hybrid nanocomposite by FSP reinforced with graphene nanoplates and boron nitride nanoparticles: Microstructure, wear, and mechanical characterization
Authors: Moustafa Essam B. , Melaibari A. , Alsoruji Ghazi , Khalil Asmaa M. , Mosleh Ahmed O. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The strength and wear resistance of aluminium alloys must be improved to enhance their usage in lightweight constructions. Thus, in this study, graphene nanoplates (GNPs) and boron nitride (BN) nanoparticles were reinforced into the Al 5251 aluminium alloy by friction stir processing (FSP). The Al 5251 aluminum alloy sheets were patterned with holes and filled by mono GNPs, mono BN nanoparticles and a hybrid of BN nanoparticles and GNPs. The microstructure, wear, and mechanical properties of the as-received, after FSP, and the manufactured surface nanocomposites were analysed. Wear tests were performed using two methods: weight loss and volume loss methods. FSP led to four times grain refinement. Due to the Zener pinning effect, the reinforcement nanoparticles improved the grain refinement effect by seven times decrease in the mean grain size. The wear rate by volume and weight loss with reinforcing BN nanoparticles decreased by 160 and 1,340%, respectively. Note that the GNP reinforcement insignificantly improved the wear resistance and hardness compared with the BN nanoparticles. The hardness was increased by 50, 120, and 80% by reinforcing the Al 5251 alloy with GNPs, BN, and a hybrid of BN nanoparticles and GNPs, respectively. The nanocomposite reinforced with GNPs exhibited superior mechanical properties compared to the other nanocomposites.
Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) of zinc concentrations in scalp hair and fingernails samples of Algerian females with breast cancer
Authors: Mansouri Ammar , Keskas Sabiha , Azli Tarek , Bouhila Zohra , Hamidatou Lylia , Slamene Hocine , Benamar Mohammed El-Amine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the present work, zinc levels were measured in scalp hair and fingernails in order to identify potential risk factors for breast cancer. The samples were collected from 40 Algerian breast cancer female patients and from 20 normal subjects matching the same age range. The concentration of zinc was analyzed using Instrumental neutron activation analysis technique (INAA). In scalp hair samples it was found in the range 119–792 μg/g for the normal subjects and in the range 82–806 μg/g for the patients, with an increase rate of 10.9%. The range of concentration of zinc in fingernails was found between 89 and 247 μg/g for normal subjects and between 75 and 276 μg/g for the patients with an increase rate of 2.5%. The influence of age on zinc concentration was also investigated. The obtained results show some consistency with those obtained by other groups.
The interaction between pain and cognition: on the roles of task complexity and pain intensity
Authors: Lier Elisabeth J. , van Rijn Clementina M. , de Vries Marjan , van Goor Harry , Oosterman Joukje M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The interaction between pain and cognition includes a concurrent negative effect of pain on cognitive performance and an analgesic effect of cognitive distraction on pain experience. The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the role of pain intensity and task complexity on this interaction.

Methods
Two experiments were conducted in healthy volunteers. In both experiments, participants completed 3 conditions: a pain only condition (consisting of the cold pressor test), a cognition only condition (consisting of the cognitive task) and a combined condition (concurrent administration of the cold pressor and cognitive task). In experiment I, participants performed one out of three possible tasks that differed in cognitive load (low, medium, high). In experiment II the parameters of the pain stimulus, induced by a cold pressor test, were adapted and only the high load cognitive task was employed. Pain scores, reaction times, and accuracy rates were recorded.

Results
In experiment I, cognitive distraction significantly decreased pain scores, irrespective of the cognitive load of the task. Pain did not affect cognitive performance. In experiment II, pain diminished accuracy rates. No effect of cognitive distraction on pain was observed. Individual characteristics did not noticeably influence the interaction between pain and cognition.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest a two-way interaction, however no evidence for a simultaneous bidirectional relationship was found. Cognitive distraction successfully reduces pain, up until a certain point where this relationship is reversed, and pain starts to interfere with cognitive performance. This may imply that priorities shift at a certain pain-threshold, however further research should confirm this hypothesis. This study could contribute to further understanding of cognitive mechanisms related to pain perception.