bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis to reveal the mechanisms of naringin against atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhang Gaoning , Yin Xiaoyi , Tang Xiao , Wang Kexin , Liu Yifan , Gong Lili , Tian Zhenhua 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of naringin in atherosclerotic mice from the perspective of network pharmacology and non-targeted metabolomics.

Methods
ApoE−/− mice were induced to establish an atherosclerotic model to explore the pharmacodynamics and potential mechanism of naringin in atherosclerosis (AS). Pathological section and blood lipid levels were used to evaluate the intervention effects. The core targets, metabolites, and related pathways of naringin alleviating atherosclerotic were predicted through network pharmacology and metabolomics analysis. Furthermore, the inflammatory factors and pathway-related protein expression were detected using ELISA and Western blot methods.

Key findings
It turned out that compared with the model group, the naringin could reduce the development degree in atherosclerotic mice. The network pharmacology suggested that PI3K-AKT pathway was an important mechanism for naringin to interfere with AS. Serum metabolic data were collected and analyzed, and a total of 27 potential biomarkers were identified, involving vitamin B6 metabolism, arginine metabolism, and retinol metabolism. The experiment verified that naringin inhibited inflammation in AS through the PI3K-AKT/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Conclusions
This study provides a strategy combining metabolomics and network pharmacology to explore the alleviation of AS by naringin and offers a new idea for its application.
Debating #OwnVoices: Racial/Ethnic Authenticity, Controlling Images, and Gang Life in Erika T. Wurth’s You Who Enter Here
Authors: García Frank 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This essay analyzes Erika T. Wurth’s Native American gang novel You Who Enter Here (2019) to rethink the #OwnVoices debates. Popularized by the controversy surrounding the 2020 publication of Jennine Cummins’s American Dirt, the digital activist movement #OwnVoices critiqued stereotypical representations of historically marginalized groups in literature. Arguing that “some stories are not yours to tell,” the movement called for writers to share the identities of the characters they author as a strategy for eliminating harmful literary representations of marginalized populations. This study, however, thinks through Wurth’s own-voice representation of Native American gangs as a way of pushing back against #OwnVoices’s romanticization of racial/ethnic authenticity as a solution to damaging literary representations of historically marginalized people. Showing that racial/ethnic authenticity is insufficient for addressing the concerns the #OwnVoices movement raises, this essay supplies a new direction and language that this movement and those sharing its concern might turn toward. It develops an alternative language that centers the responsibility writers and publishers have when producing texts about historically marginalized people and places, the literary publishing industry’s cultivation of own- and outside-voice stories rife with “controlling images,” and the reader’s capacity to navigate inimical representations through what this essay theorizes as “oppositional readership.”
Music Theory Influencing: The Content Creator “Musicpreneur”
Authors: Roberson Malia Jade 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The digital media music educator is a content creator and marketer using music theory and other music topics to create music education value in digital media. The content functions as a learning resource for users and as content marketing for educators to promote their music learning products, programs, and services. Content creators use music theory to become an authority and thought leader to grow their audience and ultimately scale their music education business. The high engagement potential of content marketing is a well-used strategy of digital entrepreneurs and emerging “musicpreneurs” (i.e., music educators who build scalable learning products and programs, versus music “freelancers”). This essay highlights the use of music theory in content marketing on the Instagram social media platform. Using four case studies, I explore “music theory influencing,” a significant sector of public music theory that uses micro-lessons in short-form video covering a wide variety of music theory topics. Through an examination of the basic digital entrepreneurship business model and online music education, I broaden the scope to consider the musicpreneur model as an alternative or supplemental career path for music educators.
Aggressive Pituitary Tumors and Pituitary Carcinomas: definition, management and overview for clinical practice
Authors: Calvanese Francesco , Jannelli Gianpaolo , Feuvret Loic , Vasiljevic Alexandre , Manet Romain , Sergeant Camille , Raverot Gerald , Jouanneau Emmanuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Aggressive pituitary tumors and pituitary carcinomas represent very uncommon entities within the field of pituitary diseases. Unfortunately, treatment options after progression on temozolomide are limited. However, advances in the understanding of pituitary tumor genetics and their immunological landscape are paving the way for new targeted molecular therapies.

Methods
In this article, we present an overview of the most recent literature, focusing on the specificities and role of current treatments and future perspectives in the management of these lesions.

Results and conclusions
Aggressive pituitary tumors and pituitary carcinomas remain very challenging conditions requiring a specific multidisciplinary approach in Pituitary Tumor Centers of excellence. If standard therapy fails, Temozolomide represents the first-line treatment option. Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy may be also considered, especially in tumors expressing specific Somatostatin receptors. When tumors progress after Temozolomide treatment, the prognosis is typically poor, and among the various second-line treatment options ICIs have proven to be the most effective. Further studies exploring new potential targeted therapies and predictive factors for pituitary tumor aggressiveness are now essential to improve the management and outcomes for these patients.
“Weight and See”: Initial Weight Gain After Starting Antiretroviral Therapy Is Not Associated With Antiretroviral Regimen Type and Does Not Predict Subsequent Weight Trajectory
Authors: Tseng Alice , Lovblom Leif Erik , Walmsley Sharon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In a Canadian cohort with HIV, 61% gained weight, 26% lost weight, and 12% remained stable in the first year of antiretroviral therapy. Weight gain was not associated with regimen type and slowed in years 2 to 3, with 44%, 34%, and 23% experiencing increasing, decreasing, and stable trajectories. Although 23% had significant weight gain year 1, many subsequently lost weight despite continuing antiretroviral therapy.
Associated Trends in Obesity and Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer in the United States
Authors: Francoeur Alex A. , Liao Cheng-I , Chang Jenny , Johnson Caitlin R. , Clair Kiran , Tewari Krishnansu S. , Kapp Daniel S. , Chan John K. , Bristow Robert E. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the correlation in temporal trends in obesity and endometrioid endometrial cancer incidence in the United States using two comprehensive national databases.

METHODS:
This is a cohort study in which data on endometrioid endometrial cancer were obtained from the U.S. Cancer Statistics from 2001 to 2018 and corrected for hysterectomy and pregnancy. Data on obesity were collected from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) database from 1988 to 2018. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were used to describe trends. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated to examine the relationship between trends. SEER*Stat 8.3.9.2 and joinpoint regression program 5.2.0 were used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS:
From U.S. Cancer Statistics data, 586,742 cases of endometrioid cancer were identified from 2001 to 2018. The average annual increase in endometrioid cancer was as follows: Hispanic 1.37% (95% CI, 1.14–1.60, P<.001), Black 1.30% (95% CI, 1.04–1.57, P<.001), and White −0.17 (95% CI, −0.91 to 0.58, P=.656). Women aged 20–29 years had a 4.48% annual increase (95% CI, 3.72–5.25, P<.001) and women aged 30–39 years had a 3.00% annual increase in rates (95% CI, 2.65–3.36, P<.001). According to the NHANES data, the prevalence of obesity in 2018 in adult women was as follows: Black 56.80%, Hispanic 44.10%, and White 40.90%. An examination of trends by age showed that women aged 20–29 years had the highest annual rise in obesity compared with other age groups (AAPC 7.36%, 95% CI, 4.0–10.8, P<.05). Strong and statistically significant correlations between endometrioid cancer and obesity trends were noted for Black (r=0.78, P=.01) and Hispanic (r=0.91, P<.001) women, as well as women aged 20–29 years (r=0.72, P=.03) and 30–39 years (r=0.88, P=.001).

CONCLUSION:
The current data demonstrate a temporal association between the increasing incidence of obesity and endometrioid endometrial cancer, and this effect disproportionately affects younger women and Black and Hispanic women.
A Comprehensive Review on the Perifoveal Exudative Vascular Anomalous Complex (PEVAC)
Authors: Carlà Matteo Mario , Boselli Francesco , Giannuzzi Federico , Crincoli Emanuele , Cusato Mattia , Peschiaroli Sofia , Rizzo Stanislao 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
The aim of this review was to summarize the most recent investigations on perifoveal Exudative Vascular Anomalous Complex (PEVAC) lesions and guide future research of this entity.

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of Cochrane Central, PubMed, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for papers regarding PEVAC, looking for the following keywords: “perifoveal exudative anomalous vascular complex”, “PEVAC”, “PVAC”, “nePVAC”, “ePVAC”, “deep retinal age-related microvascular anomalies” and “DRAMA”.

Results:
PEVACs are describe as single, massive, unilateral aneurysm, frequently presents with intraretinal cystic edema surrounding the fovea, active exudation and haemorrhages, usually in healthy patients. Notwithstanding this, association with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), myopia, diabetes, lamellar hole and pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE) are frequently reported. Currently a multimodal imaging is warrant, especially the use of OCT and OCTA can rule out several other differential diagnoses. Due to the uncertainty of the pathophysiological mechanism the right management of these lesions are yet to be clear. Overall, laser therapy has been effective in several reports, both with thermal and micropulse type. Anti-VEGF injections and steroid injections demonstrated a non-constant response.

Conclusion:
Several new findings are revolutionizing PEVAC management. Greater standardization could help understand the correct treatment of these lesions.
A Multidisciplinary Approach to Navigating Variants of Uncertain Significance in Sudden Infant Deaths
Authors: Dumm Renee , Pagani Austin , Hellwig Lydia , Haigney Mark , De Castro Mauricio , Hughes Joel , Schacht John Paul , McClain William , Walsh John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The sudden death of a previously healthy infant is a devastating event for a family—the death of 2 even more unimaginable. Prior to the debunking of Meadow's law, a legal concept attributing multiple unexplained infant deaths to Munchausen by proxy, these events could lead to the wrongful prosecution of those who had lost their children to “sudden unexpected infant death (SUID).” Today, these cases, wherein multiple infants within one family pass inexplicably, raise suspicion for a possible genetic cause and point toward a need for postmortem genetic testing.
We present the case of 2 siblings who passed suddenly in infancy, with no structural cause of death identified at autopsy. Genetic testing in both infants found the same variant of uncertain significance, a heterozygous single nucleotide substitution, denoted c.3191C>T, in SCN10A, which encodes a sodium channel with pathogenic variants possibly implicated in sudden cardiac death syndromes. Although it is unclear at this time if the variant of uncertain significance identified was a contributing factor in the deaths, the case emphasized the importance of involving a multidisciplinary team to ensure appropriate pretest and posttest counseling, interpretation of nuanced testing results, and medical follow-up for surviving family members of SUID.
High incidence of tuberculosis in young children living with HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Anderson Kim , Rabie Helena , Eley Brian S. , Frigati Lisa , Nuttall James , Kalk Emma , Heekes Alexa , Smith Mariette , Boulle Andrew , Mudaly Vanessa , Davies Mary-Ann 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Data on tuberculosis (TB) incidence and risk factors among children living with HIV (CLHIV) in the universal ART era are limited.

Methods:
We analysed routinely-collected data on TB diagnoses for CLHIV age ≤5 years, born 2018-2022, in the Westen Cape, South Africa. We examined factors associated with TB diagnosis, with death and loss to follow-up as competing events.

Results:
Among 2,219 CLHIV, 30% were diagnosed with HIV at birth. Median follow-up from birth was 38 months (IQR 24-50); 90% started antiretroviral therapy (ART). TB was diagnosed in 28% of CLHIV (n=626/2219); 62% were first diagnosed before/within 3 months of ART start (‘TB before ART’) and 38% >3 months after ART start (‘TB after ART’). Of those with ‘TB before ART’ (n=390), median age at HIV diagnosis was 13 months (IQR:6-22); median time between HIV and TB diagnoses was 5 days (IQR:0-31). ‘TB before ART’ was associated with older age at HIV diagnosis and advanced/severe immunodeficiency. Of those with ‘TB after ART’ (n=258), median age at HIV diagnosis was 2 months (IQR 0-8) and median time from ART start to TB diagnosis was 12 months (IQR:7-21). ‘TB after ART’ was associated with increased viral load and advanced/severe immunosuppression (time-updated). Overall, 5% (n=112/2219) of CLHIV died, 36% of whom were diagnosed with TB (median time from TB diagnosis to death: 58 days; IQR:17-191).

Conclusions:
Young CLHIV in this setting have high TB-associated morbidity and mortality. Efforts to improve early HIV and TB diagnosis, viral suppression and TB preventive therapy are needed.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia prevalence estimates calculated from
gnomAD allele frequencies of predicted pathogenic variants
inENGandACVRL1
Authors: Anzell Anthony R. , White Carter , Diergaarde Brenda , Carlson Jenna C. , Roman Beth L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is considered a fully
penetrant autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of
arteriovenous malformations. Up to 96% of HHT cases are caused by
heterozygous loss-of-function mutations
inACVRL1orENG,
which encode proteins that function in bone morphogenetic protein signaling.
HHT prevalence is estimated at 1 in 5000 and is accordingly classified as
rare. However, HHT is suspected to be underdiagnosed due to variable age of
onset and expressivity and lack of awareness of HHT among the medical
community.

Methods
To estimate the true prevalence of HHT, we summed allele frequencies of
predicted pathogenic variants
inACVRL1andENGusing
three methods. For method one, we included Genome Aggregation Database
(gnomAD v4.1) variants with ClinVar annotations of pathogenic or likely
pathogenic, plus unannotated variants with a high probability of causing
disease. For method two, we evaluated
allACVRL1andENGgnomAD
variants using threshold filters based on accessiblein
silicopathogenicity prediction algorithms. For method
three, we developed a machine learning-based classification system to
improve the classification of missense variants.

Results
Based on gnomAD variants, we calculated an HHT prevalence of between 2.1
in 5000 (method 1, most conservative) and 11.9 in 5000 (method 3, least
conservative), or roughly 2 to 12-times higher than current estimates.
Application of our machine learning-based classification method, which
performed with over 97% accuracy, revealed missense variants as the greatest
contributor to pathogenic allele frequency and similar HHT prevalence across
genetic ancestries.

Conclusions
Our results support the notion that HHT is underdiagnosed and that HHT
may not actually be a ”rare” disease.
Exploring Patient Preference Information in Clinical Research and Decision
Models: An Investigative Survey
Authors: Di Blasio Martina , Bami Zahra , Fava Carmen , Visconti Alessia , Baldi Ileana , Berchialla Paola 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
There is an increasingly acknowledged role for patients in
decision-making processes: this involvement extends to defining care
pathways, assessing care quality and advancing healthcare technologies.
Patient preferences play a pivotal role in this context, particularly when
multiple therapeutic options lack clear distinctions in efficacy.

Methods
To investigate the use of patient preference information, we conducted
an online survey targeting 46 experts in clinical research, pharmaceutical
industry, regulatory affairs, and health technology assessment.
The survey included questions about the frequency of using patient
preference information, perceptions of the benefits and challenges of
integrating them in decision making, as well as the availability of such
data within their respective organizations.

Results
Patient preference information is routinely used by about 30% of the
respondents, who highlighted various challenges and technical difficulties
for a more widespread adoption, such as limited patient engagement,
difficulty in obtaining reliable preference, and resistance to deviating
from traditional practices. Despite this, we observed that about 90% of the
respondents is likely to prioritize integrating patient preference
information in their future research or decision-making processes.

Conclusion
There is a growing recognition of the potential benefits of adopting a
more patient-centric approach to promote a more effective, equitable, and
patient-focused healthcare system, but concerted efforts and investments are
necessary to support this effort.
Prior infection with IBDV prolonged the shedding of a mallard H3N8 influenza A virus (IAV) challenge from the oropharyngeal cavity of some chickens and increased the number of amino acid substitutions in the IAV samples
Authors: Nazki Salik , Tennakoon Chandana , Reddy Vishwanatha R. A. P. , Chen Yana , Sadeyen Jean-Remy , Brodrick Andrew J. , Iqbal Munir , Shelton Holly , Broadbent Andrew J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInfectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is endemic worldwide and causes immunosuppression in chickens. We hypothesized that a previous history of IBDV in chickens would render them more susceptible to infection by influenza A viruses (IAVs) from aquatic waterfowl reservoirs. To model this, we inoculated 14 day old specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens with a low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) virus strain from a mallard (A/Mallard/Alberta/156/01 (H3N8)) and compared replication and shedding between immunocompetent chickens and chickens that had immune dysregulation due to a prior IBDV infection with strain F52/70 (genogroup A1B1) at 2 days of age. The mallard IAV strain replicated in the upper respiratory tract of the chickens, and virus was shed from the oropharyngeal cavity, but there was no shedding from the cloaca, and no transmission to sentinel chickens. Replication of the mallard IAV in the chicken host was associated with amino acid substitutions in the polymerase complex and HA. IBDV infection increased the average fold change of IAV replication in the trachea of chickens, prolonged the shedding of infectious IAV from 5 to 6 days in some chickens, increased the number of amino acid substitutions detected in the IAV population from 13 to 30, and significantly increased the number of mutations per IAV sample from 2.50 (SD +/- 1.83) in the Mock/IAV group to 4.75 (SD +/- 1.81) in the IBDV/IAV group (p < 0.01). Taken together, IBDV infection prolonged the shedding of the mallard IAV in some chickens and changed IAV intra-host evolution.Author summarySpillover of IAVs from wild aquatic waterfowl into poultry populations occur frequently, which increases the risk of human infection as people have more contact with poultry than wild birds. Poultry flocks may have other co-morbidities that may influence the spread of IAV. Our data demonstrate that prior IBDV infection increased the average fold change of a mallard H3N8 LPAI virus in the trachea of inoculated chickens, prolonged the shedding of infectious IAV from the oropharyngeal cavity, and significantly increased the average number of amino acid substitutions per IAV sample. We hypothesize that IBDV infection could increase the amount of IAV shed into the environment and broaden the diversity of the IAV population shed. We conclude that controlling the spread of wild aquatic waterfowl strains of IAV in chickens should involve a holistic approach, including the control of co-morbidities and immunosuppressive diseases that could exacerbate their spread.
CEO power and financial statement comparability
Authors: Luong Hoa , Gunasekarage Abeyratna , Biswas Pallab Kumar 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis paper investigates the influence of CEO power on financial statement comparability using a multidimensional CEO power index and a comprehensive measure of financial statement comparability for ASX-listed companies.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies ordinary least squares regression analyses to a sample of 3,562 firm-year observations spanning 2004–2015. A propensity score matching procedure, lagged regression models, instrumental variable two-stage least squares regressions and first difference models were performed for endogeneity correction and robustness purposes.FindingsThe results suggest that powerful CEOs are more likely to produce more comparable financial reports. We also analyse four dimensions of CEO power and find that the influence of CEO power on FS comparability mainly stems from ownership and expert power dimensions. Additionally, we report that the influence of CEO power on FS comparability is more pronounced for firms that operate under high market competition and industry-related shocks, but governance characteristics do not make a material impact on the uncovered relationship.Practical implicationsGiven the pressure exerted by regulatory bodies on companies to reduce information asymmetry, the study’s empirical evidence offers valuable insights to policymakers, corporations and other stakeholders as it provides evidence on the importance of corporate leadership in improving FS comparability.Originality/valueThe extent to which CEO power is linked with the comparability of corporate disclosures is new to the literature. Investigating such a link is important because corporate disclosure is primarily a management practice that emanates from the board and generally affects the firm, its shareholders and other market participants.