bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENATAUSAHAAN BARANG MILIK DAERAH DI KABUPATEN YAHUKIMO
Authors: Tandibiring Riswanjaya , Allo Layuk Paulus K. , Wijaya Anthonius H. Citra 
Published: August 2021

This study aims to identify determinants in managing the goods for local government in Yahukimo regency. The research question designed was what were the determinants of the goods for local government management? The aspects in this research comprised of; 1) bookkeeping, inventory and reporting which were based on registration process of the goods for local government; and 2) the recording that is based on category and codification of the goods for local government.
The management of goods for local government is mandated under the Regulation of Ministry of Home Affairs no. 17 in 2007 titled Technical Management of The Goods for Regional/Local Governments. According to this regulation, the goods for local government management is defined as assets management activities that are consist of bookkeeping, inventory and reporting for goods of local governments in Indonesia.
A qualitative research method was applied to obtain descriptive data. An in-depth interview technique was used to collect qualitative data through interviewing key informants. The key informants were selected based on their major involvement in managing goods of the local governments in 5 local agency units in Yahukimo regency. The 5 local agencies were from Forestry, Health, Agriculture, Fishery and Plantation Service, the Regional Secretariat and Financial and Assets Management Agency in Yahukimo Regency.
The results of this research revealed that the management of goods for local government in Yahukimo regency was ineffective as mandated by the Regulation of Ministry of Home Affairs no. 17 in 2007. There were some factors of which determining this ineffectiveness. The limitations of human resources in terms of the qualities as well as quantities, the constraints of budget for the goods management, and low coordination within local government agencies were some of the identified caused of the ineffectiveness. From the inventory management context, the causes of ineffectiveness were the low number of staff for inventory, the unavailability of costs for inventory and the low skillful treasurers for government goods. Meanwhile, the reasons of low goods management reporting were the absence of punishments and rewards systems, the low human resources capacities in regards with government goods treasurers, and low commitments from managers of the local government regarding trainings to empower their staff.

Key words: management of goods for local government, Yahukimo regency
Prediction of Heatwave 2013 over Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India using WRF Model
Authors: Naveena N. , Satyanarayana G. Ch. , Raju A. Dharma , Umakanth N. , Srinivas D. , Rao K. Sivasankar , Suman M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Heatwaves are acknowledged to be the major meteorological disaster, causing a noticeable impact on humans and animals’ lives during the last few decades. The number, frequency, duration, intensity, and areal extent of the heatwaves are on the rise during recent years. The Maximum temperature data of 2013 is analyzed to assess the synoptic nature, intensity, frequency, and various significant facets of the heatwave over the south peninsular states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Indian subcontinent experienced a major heatwave during 2013, which claimed 1216 human lives. Even though the highest intensity of maximum temperatures is observed in May over major areas of India, the increasing (incidence, duration, number of spells, and the sweltering temperatures) number of heatwaves are observed over many parts of the country. The northwest and southeast coastal regions are the two heat wave prone regions. The advection of heat from the northwest with the aid of north-westerly winds causes heatwaves over northwest India to sweep or move towards India’s southeast and east coast. The heatwave record over south-eastern India, i.e, Andhra Pradesh and the adjoining Telangana state during May 22–24, 2013 were described in this study. Maximum temperatures above 40°C are observed with a sudden rise by 6 to 7°C over the study region. An attempt is made to predict the maximum temperatures 72 hours before the existence of a heatwave at 3 km horizontal resolution using the Advanced core of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Model predicted temperature values match with observations and the statistical metrics show a high index of the agreement, lower values for root-mean-square error and mean absolute error. Atmospheric circulation patterns associated with this heatwave are also presented. The arrest of sea breeze, the hovering of diabatic heat because of subsidence is the factor that abetted the heatwave blockade over the south-eastern part of the country. The WRF model forecasts could present the occurance of the heat wave over AP and Telangana region with 72 hour lead time with high accuracy.
Real-time Monitoring of Bioaerosol in a Residential Property in Central Tokyo
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Real-time onsite monitoring of indoor airborne microbes in a residential property in central Tokyo was carried out in 2020 and 2021, following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A microbial sensor utilizing fluorescence emitted by microorganisms was used to measure bioaerosol concentrations in the living room and children’s bedroom as well as on the balcony. Indoor PM2.5 was also monitored simultaneously at certain time points using a PM2.5 sensor. The behavior of the residents was also recorded during some monitoring periods. The average number concentration of microbes as fungi in the living room was 15,100, 58,800, and 10,600 counts m−3 in spring, summer, and winter, respectively, increasing in summer when the outside temperature was high. Microbial number concentrations were closely related to human behavior, increasing rapidly during periods of physical activity, but decreasing again within 20–30 min of the activity ending. There was no clear correlation between indoor microbial number concentrations and PM2.5 concentrations, suggesting that indoor microorganisms are concentrated in coarse particles, such as dust, which are quickly removed via gravitational settling. The concentration of indoor airborne microorganisms decreased significantly after ventilation, and although an occasional increase was observed immediately after ventilation, concentrations decreased again rapidly within 10–20 min. These results suggest that even a short period of ventilation can significantly reduce the indoor bioaerosol.
Identification of Cassava Varieties in Ex-Situ Collections and Global Farmer’s Fields: An Update from 1990 to 2020
Authors: Augusto Becerra Lopez-Lavalle Luis , Bohorquez-Chaux Adriana , Zhang Xiaofei 
Published: August 2021

The identification of cassava cultivars is important for understanding the crop’s production system, enabling crop improvement practitioners to design and deliver tailored solutions with which farmers can secure high yields and sustainable production. Across the lowland tropics today, a large number improved varieties and landraces of cassava are under cultivation, making it inefficient for breeders and geneticists to set improvement goals for the crop. The identification and characterization of cassava genotypes is currently based on either morphological characters or molecular features. The major aim of cultivar identification is to catalog the crop’s genetic diversity, but a consensus approach has still not been established. Of the two approaches to the identification of variety, morphological characters seem to account for most of the genetic variability reported in cassava. However, these characters must be treated with caution, as phenotypic changes can be due to environmental and climatic conditions as well as to the segregation of new highly heterozygous populations, thus, making the accurate identification of varieties difficult. The use of molecular markers has allowed researchers to establish accurate relationships between genotypes, and to measure and track their heterozygous status. Since the early 1990’s, molecular geneticists working with cassava have been developing and deploying DNA-based tools for the identification and characterization of landraces or improved varieties. Hence, in the last five years, economists and social scientists have adopted DNA-based variety identification to measure the adoption rates of varieties, and to support the legal protection of breeder’s rights. Despite the advances made in the deployment of molecular markers for cassava, multiple platform adoption, as well as their costs and variable throughput, has limited their use by practitioners of crop improvement of cassava. The post-genomic era has produced a large number of genome and transcriptome sequencing tools, and has increased our capacity to develop and deploy genome-based tools to account for the crop’s genetic variability by accurately measuring and tracking allele diversity. These technologies allow the creation of haplotype catalogs that can be widely shared across the cassava crop improvement community. Low-density genome-wide SNP markers might be the solution for the wide adoption of molecular tools for the identification of cultivars or varieties of cassava. In this review we survey the efforts made in the past 30 years to establish the tools for cultivar identification of cassava in farmer’s fields and gene banks. We also emphasize the need for a global picture of the genetic diversity of this crop, at its center of origin in South America.
Demographic and Social-Economic Determinants of Malnutrition among Children (0-23 Months Old) in Kenya
Authors: Mbogori Teresia , Muriuki James 
Published: August 2021

Objective: To identify the demographic, social, and economic determinants of malnutrition in Kenya's children aged 0-23 months.
Methods: Data from the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS), a nationally representative cross-sectional study conducted in 2014/2015, were used in this study. Data from children 0-23 months old with complete information on weight, height, age, and sex were used for analysis. Height for Age Z scores (HAZ), Weight for Height Z scores (WHZ), and BMI for age Z scores (BAZ) was determined using WHO guidelines to determine the nutritional status of the children. Chi-square statistics were used to determine the relationship between social-economic status and place of residence indicators and the nutritional status of the children. Significance was set at p <0.05.
Results: Among all participating (n=7578), 22.7% were stunted (HAZ < -2), 6.2% were wasted (WHZ < -2), and 6.1% were either overweight or obese (BAZ > 2). Wasting and stunting were significantly higher in children from rural areas, poorer wealth index, and mothers with no education. In contrast, children from urban areas, the richest wealth index category, and mothers with secondary or higher education were significantly more likely to be overweight or obese.
Conclusion: Current and future policies and programs to curb malnutrition in Kenya need to target specific needs of children based on their social-economic status, area of residence, and other demographic characteristics that were identified as determinants of child malnutrition instead of using a general approach.
Learning in Governance
Authors: Rietig Katharina 
Published: August 2021

An investigation of the role of learning and its impact on policy change, as exemplified in European Union climate policy integration.
Although learning is often considered an important factor in effective environmental governance, it is not clear to what extent learning affects decision making and policy outcomes. In this book, Katharina Rietig examines the role of learning—understood as additional knowledge or experience that is taken into account by policymakers—in earth system governance and policy change. She does this by examining learning in European Union climate policy integration, looking in detail at the examples of the Renewable Energy Directive, its controversial biofuels component, and the greening measures in the Common Agricultural Policy.
To examine how learning occurs in the policy process, how to differentiate aspects of learning, and under what conditions learning matters for policy outcomes, Rietig introduces the Learning in Governance Framework, applying it to analyze the EU examples. She finds that policy outcomes are affected through leadership of policy entrepreneurs, who use previously acquired knowledge and past experience to achieve outcomes aligned with their deeper beliefs and policy objectives. She concludes that learning does matter in governance as an intervening variable and can affect policy outcomes in combination with dedicated leadership by policy entrepreneurs who act as learning brokers. Bargaining dominates the policymaking process among actors who represent the interests of different organizations. Rietig's theoretical framework, empirical studies, and nuanced analysis offer a new perspective on the relevance of learning in earth system governance.
Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from raw vegetables retailed in Southern Thailand
Authors: Romyasamit Chonticha , Sornsenee Phoomjai , Chimplee Siriphorn , Yuwalaksanakun Sitanun , Wongprot Dechawat , Saengsuwan Phanvasri 
Published: August 2021

Background
The increasing prevalence of broad-spectrum ampicillin-resistant and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, has become a global concern, with its clinical impacts on both human and veterinary medicine. This study examined the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular genetic features of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from 10 types of raw vegetables.

Methods
In total, 305 samples were collected from 9 markets in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand, in 2020.

Results
ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were found in 14 of the 305 samples obtained from 7 out of 10 types of vegetables (4.6% of the total). Further, 14 ESBL-producing E. coli (n = 5/14) and K. pneumoniae isolates (n = 9/14) (1.6% and 3.0%, respectively) were highly sensitive to β-lactam/carbapenem antibiotics (imipenem, 100%). ESBL-producing E. coli (n = 4) and K. pneumoniae isolates (n = 8) were also sensitive to non-β-lactam aminoglycosides (amikacin, 80.00% and 88.89%, respectively). ESBL producers were most resistant to β-lactam antibiotics, including ampicillin (85.71%) and the cephalosporins cefotaxime and ceftazidime (64.29%). The most frequently detected gene in ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae was blaSHV. However, two ESBL-producing E. coli isolates also carried three other ESBL-encoding variants, blaTEM, blaCTX-M1, blaGES and blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M9, which may be due to their association with food chains and humans.

Discussion
Indeed, our results suggest that raw vegetables are an important source of ESBL-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae, which are potentially transmittable to humans via raw vegetable intake.
AAV expressing an mTOR‐inhibiting siRNA exhibits therapeutic potential in retinal vascular disorders by preserving endothelial integrity
Authors: Cha Seho , Seo Won‐il , Woo Ha‐Na , Kim Hee Jong , Lee Steven Hyun Seung , Kim Jin , Choi Jun‐Sub , Park Keerang , Lee Joo Yong , Lee Beom Jun , Lee Heuiran 
Published: August 2021

Expanding on previous demonstrations of the therapeutic effects of adeno‐associated virus (AAV) carrying small‐hairpin RNA (shRNA) in downregulating the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) in in vivo retinal vascular disorders, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐stimulated endothelial cells were treated with AAV2‐shmTOR to examine the role of mTOR inhibition in retinal angiogenesis. AAV2‐shmTOR exposure significantly reduced mTOR expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and decreased downstream signaling cascades of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2 under VEGF treatment. Moreover, the angiogenic potential of VEGF was significantly inhibited by AAV2‐shmTOR, which preserved endothelial integrity by maintaining tight junctions between HUVECs. These data thus support previous in vivo studies and provide evidence that AAV2‐shmTOR induces therapeutic effects by inhibiting the neovascularization of endothelial cells.
Prospects for daily online adaptive radiotherapy via ethos for prostate cancer patients without nodal involvement using unedited CBCT auto‐segmentation
Authors: Moazzezi Mojtaba , Rose Brent , Kisling Kelly , Moore Kevin L. , Ray Xenia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurpose Implementing new online adaptive radiation therapy technologies is challenging because extra clinical resources are required particularly expert contour review. Here, we provide the first assessment of Varian's Ethos™ adaptive platform for prostate cancer using no manual edits after auto‐segmentation to minimize this impact on clinical efficiency.MethodsTwenty‐five prostate patients previously treated at our clinic were re‐planned using an Ethos™ emulator. Clinical target volumes (CTV) included intact prostate and proximal seminal vesicles. The following clinical margins were used: 3 mm posterior, 5 mm left/right/anterior, and 7 mm superior/inferior. Adapted plans were calculated for 10 fractions per patient using Ethos's auto‐segmentation and auto‐planning workflow without manual contouring edits. Doses and auto‐segmented structures were exported to our clinical treatment planning system where contours were modified as needed for all 250 CTVs and organs‐at‐risk. Dose metrics from adapted plans were compared to unadapted plans to evaluate CTV and OAR dose changes.ResultsOverall 96% of fractions required auto‐segmentation edits, although corrections were generally minor (<10% of the volume for 70% of CTVs, 88% of bladders, and 90% of rectums). However, for one patient the auto‐segmented CTV failed to include the superior portion of prostate that extended into the bladder at all 10 fractions resulting in under‐contouring of the CTV by 31.3% ± 6.7%. For the 24 patients with minor auto‐segmentation corrections, adaptation improved CTV D98% by 2.9% ± 5.3%. For non‐adapted fractions where bladder or rectum V90% exceeded clinical thresholds, adaptation reduced them by 13.1% ± 1.0% and 6.5% ± 7.3%, respectively.Conclusion For most patients, Ethos's online adaptive radiation therapy workflow improved CTV D98% and reduced normal tissue dose when structures would otherwise exceed clinical thresholds, even without time‐consuming manual edits. However, for one in 25 patients, large contour edits were required and thus scrutiny of the daily auto‐segmentation is necessary and not all patients will be good candidates for adaptation.
A comparison of two methodologies for radiotherapy treatment plan optimization and QA for clinical trials
Authors: Geng Huaizhi , Giaddui Tawfik , Cheng Chingyun , Zhong Haoyu , Ryu Samuel , Liao Zhongxing , Yin Fang‐Fang , Gillin Michael , Mohan Radhe , Xiao Ying 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe efficacy of clinical trials and the outcome of patient treatment are dependent on the quality assurance (QA) of radiation therapy (RT) plans. There are two widely utilized approaches that include plan optimization guidance created based on patient‐specific anatomy. This study examined these two techniques for dose‐volume histogram predictions, RT plan optimizations, and prospective QA processes, namely the knowledge‐based planning (KBP) technique and another first principle (FP) technique.MethodsThis analysis included 60, 44, and 10 RT plans from three Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) multi‐institutional trials: RTOG 0631 (Spine SRS), RTOG 1308 (NSCLC), and RTOG 0522 (H&N), respectively. Both approaches were compared in terms of dose prediction and plan optimization. The dose predictions were also compared to the original plan submitted to the trials for the QA procedure.ResultsFor the RTOG 0631 (Spine SRS) and RTOG 0522 (H&N) plans, the dose predictions from both techniques have correlation coefficients of >0.9. The RT plans that were re‐optimized based on the predictions from both techniques showed similar quality, with no statistically significant differences in target coverage or organ‐at‐risk sparing. The predictions of mean lung and heart doses from both methods for RTOG1308 patients, on the other hand, have a discrepancy of up to 14 Gy.ConclusionsBoth methods are valuable tools for optimization guidance of RT plans for Spine SRS and Head and Neck cases, as well as for QA purposes. On the other hand, the findings suggest that KBP may be more feasible in the case of inoperable lung cancer patients who are treated with IMRT plans that have spatially unevenly distributed beam angles.
Cell‐Membrane‐Derived Nanoparticles with Notch‐1 Suppressor Delivery Promote Hypoxic Cell–Cell Packing and Inhibit Angiogenesis Acting as a Two‐Edged Sword
Authors: Kim Hye‐Seon , Shin Young Min , Chung Seyong , Kim Dahee , Park Dan Bi , Baek Sewoom , Park Jeongeun , Kim Si Yeong , Kim Dae‐Hyun , Yi Se Won , Lee Songhyun , Lee Jung Bok , Ko Ji‐Yun , Im Gun‐Il , Kang Mi‐Lan , Sung Hak‐Joon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCell–cell interactions regulate intracellular signaling via reciprocal contacts of cell membranes in tissue regeneration and cancer growth, indicating a critical need of membrane‐derived tools in studying these processes. Hence, cell‐membrane‐derived nanoparticles (CMNPs) are produced using tonsil‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) from children owing to their short doubling time. As target cell types, laryngeal cancer cells are compared to bone‐marrow‐derived MSCs (BMSCs) because of their cartilage damaging and chondrogenic characteristics, respectively. Treating spheroids of these cell types with CMNPs exacerbates interspheroid hypoxia with robust maintenance of the cell–cell interaction signature for 7 days. Both cell types prefer a hypoxic environment, as opposed to blood vessel formation that is absent in cartilage but is required for cancer growth. Hence, angiogenesis is inhibited by displaying the Notch‐1 aptamer on CMNPs. Consequently, laryngeal cancer growth is suppressed efficiently in contrast to improved chondroprotection observed in a series of cell and animal experiments using a xenograft mouse model of laryngeal cancer. Altogether, CMNPs execute a two‐edged sword function of inducing hypoxic cell–cell packing, followed by suppressing angiogenesis to promote laryngeal cancer death and chondrogenesis simultaneously. This study presents a previously unexplored therapeutic strategy for anti‐cancer and chondroprotective treatment using CMNPs.