bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overlapping community detection algorithm based on similarity of node relationship
Authors: Liu Hongtao , Wang Ning 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Community discovery is a vital link in the research of social networks. Aiming at the shortcomings of the current local extension-based community discovery algorithm in local community discovery and extension, we propose a based on relationship similarity and local extension Overlapping community detection algorithm(RSLO). First, use the node's relationship similarity strategy to find close seed communities. Then, according to the discovered seed community, the similarity between the neighbor nodes of the community and the community is calculated, and the nodes whose similarity meets the threshold are selected. After that, an adaptive optimization function is used to expand the community. Finally, the free nodes that have not been divided into the community are divided into communities, thereby achieving a more comprehensive community discovery. We conduct experiments on classic datasets and artificially generated networks. The results show that the RSLO algorithm can find accurate and objective community structures.
Self-Reported Symptom Study of COVID-19 Chemosensory Dysfunction in Malaysia
Authors: Lee Shen-Han , Yeoh Zhi Xiang , Sachlin Ida Sadja'ah , Gazali Norzi , Soelar Shahrul Aiman , Low Lee Lee , Alwi Sharifah Baizura Syed , Kamalden Tengku Mohamed Izam Tengku , Shanmuganathan Jothi , Zaid Masliza , Wong Chun Yiing , Chua Hock Hin , Yusuf Suhaimi , Muhamad Dzawani , Devesahayam Philip Rajan , Ker Hong Bee , Salahuddin Zulkiflee , Mustafa Mahiran , Sawali Halimuddin , Lee Heng Gee , Din Sobani , Misnan Nor Arisah , Mohamad Amran , Ismail Mohd Noor , Periasamy Chenthilnathan , Chow Ting Soo , Krishnan Elang Kumaran , Leong Chee Loon , Lim Linda Pei Fang , Zaidan Nor Zaila , Ibrahim Zambri , Wahab Suhaila Abd , Hashim Siti Sabzah Mohd ,   Malaysian COVID-19 Anosmia Research Group
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Alterations in the three chemosensory modalities – smell, taste, and chemesthesis – have been implicated in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), yet emerging data suggest a wide geographic and ethnic variation in the prevalence of these symptoms. Studies on chemosensory disorders in COVID-19 have predominantly focused on Caucasian populations whereas Asians remain understudied. We conducted a nationwide, multicentre cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire on a cohort of RT-PCR-confirmed adult COVID-19 patients in Malaysia between 6 June to 30 November 2020. The aim of our study was to investigate their presenting symptoms and assess their chemosensory function using self-ratings of perceived smell, taste, chemesthesis, and nasal blockage. In this cohort of 498 patients, 41.4% reported smell and/or taste loss when diagnosed with COVID-19, which was the commonest symptom. Blocked nose, loss of appetite, and gastrointestinal disturbances were independent predictors of smell and/or taste loss on multivariate analysis. Self-ratings of chemosensory function revealed a reduction in smell, taste, and chemesthesis across the entire cohort of patients that was more profound among those reporting smell and/or taste loss as their presenting symptom. Perceived nasal obstruction accounted for only a small proportion of changes in smell and taste, but not for chemesthesis, supporting viral disruption of sensorineural mechanisms as the dominant aetiology of chemosensory dysfunction. Our study suggests that chemosensory dysfunction in COVID-19 is more widespread than previously reported among Asians and may be related to the infectivity of viral strains. Study Registration: NMRR-20-934-54803 and NCT04390165
Clinical features of B. 1.617.2 (delta) variant concern (VOC): first case in Iraq
Authors: Essa Rawand , Ahmed Sirwan , Bapir Dunya , Abubakr Chawan , Rasul Shero , Khdir Awat , Wsu Zhiar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Since the initial report of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, in 2019, the virus has constantly mutated, resulting in the appearance of novel variants. In December 2020, the B.1.617.2 (delta) variant concern (VOC) was first reported in India, and rapidly spread around the globe, is now the main brand in the United Kingdom, and it has grown dramatically. Here we present the clinical features and laboratory findings of the first case of B. 1.617.2 (delta) variant concern (VOC) in Iraq. A 6-year-old female child presented with severe abdominal pain, headache, severe vomiting and diarrhea, runny nose, alerted mental status, loss of appetite and fever. The patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 delta variant B.1.617.2 by RT-PCR. The patient was treated by administration of glucose saline 4% for 3 days, ceftriaxone vial 1 mg every 12 h for 6 days, and an acetaminophen bottle on a need to prevent fever followed by a Flagyl bottle every 24 h for 3 days. Vaccination and prevention the spread of the virus and against it are important preventive approaches for delta variant. Sore throat, runny nose, headache, and vomiting, diarrhea are the major clinical features of the delta variant. This was followed by an elevation of the leukocyte WBC, and blood platelets. To reduce the impact of new delta variant B.1.617.2 infection; handwashing, wearing a double mask, avoiding crowded and closed settings, social distancing, lockdown, and ensuring good ventilation are major significant options against this variant.
Cochlear And Vestibular Involvement In Children With Henoch Schönlein Vasculitis
Authors: Bucak Abdulkadir , Bükülmez Ayşegül , Kuzu Selcuk , Günebakan Çağlar , Yıldız Erkan , Kınar Abdullah 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: In this study, our purpose is to evaluate cochlear and vestibular function in juveniles with HSV using audiometry, DPOAEs, and cVEMP tests.Methods: 40 children diagnosed with HSV from the pediatry clinic and 40 age and sex-matched healthy children were evaluated with distortion product otoacoustic emissions, audiometry, and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) test in a tertiary hospital.Results: The audiometry average values ​​for both ears of HSV group and the control subjects were compared, and as a result, median 4.7 dB sensorineural hearing loss (SHL) was found for HSV group compared to control group at 250 Hz and it was statistically significant (p <0.001). An average of 6.4 dB SHL was detected at 8000 Hz (p <0.001). There was a statistically significant difference among HSV and control group regarding measurement results of average p1-n1 latency time of both ears (0.9 milliseconds (ms) increase, P = 0.035). In HSV patients, the median amplitude difference of both ears' average p1 n1 was found to be 5,6 millivolt, statistically significantly decreased compared to the control group (p = 0.003).Conclusion: This study, firstly in literature, demonstrated that HSV may cause hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction in children. We think this might be due to autoimmune mechanisms.
Computational Prediction of the Molecular Mechanism of Statin Group of Drugs Against SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis
Authors: Ghosh Dipanjan , Ghoshdastidar Debabrata , Roy Kamalesh , Ghosh Arnab , Sikdar Nilabja , Biswas Nidhan , Chakrabarti Gopal , Das Amlan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic had raised a severe health concern across the globe, as most countries are fighting with the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although several vaccines had cleared the clinical trials and are being administered in different countries, the degree of protection varies due to the emergence of novel viral strains. Moreover, no antiviral drug against SARS-CoV-2 was reported to date. Recently published reports on statin therapy on COVID-19 patients indicated that statin therapy is associated with a better clinical outcome and a significant reduction in mortality risk.MethodsBlind docking of the critical structural and functional proteins of SARS-CoV-2 like RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, M-protease of 3-CL-Pro, Helicase, and the Spike proteins ( wild type and mutants) with the statin molecules were performed using the Schrodinger docking tool. Prevalent mutations in the spike protein were determined by analyzing the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences deposited in GISAID, using the NextAlign aligner tool. Wild type and mutant spike proteins were modeled using the Swiss Model server and subjected to energy minimization via YASARA server. The percentage of the allowed region was determined by the Ramachandran plot. The MD simulation studies of free protein templates and protein-ligand complex were performed using NAMD (Nanoscale Molecular Dynamics) program; v 2.8.ResultsWe observed that fluvastatin and pitavastatin showed fair binding affinities to RNA polymerase, 3-CL-Pro, and spike-double mutant with similar docking scores. But of all the target proteins, fluvastatin showed the strongest binding affinity to the helicase with the glide score, emodel score, and glide energy values of -11.333, -66.511 and -58.72 (kcal/mol), respectively. Pitavastatin having similar chemical properties like fluvastatin (logP and pKa values) exhibited strong biding affinities to RdRp, 3-CL-Pro, and S-double mutant. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the formation of a stable drug-protein complex. ConclusionThus our study shows that of all the statins, fluvastatin can bind to multiple target proteins of SARS-CoV-2, including the spike-mutant proteins. This property might contribute to the potent antiviral efficacy of this drug.
Dynamic causal modeling for EEG during complex laparoscopic skill acquisition
Authors: Walia Pushpinder , Kamat Anil , De Suvranu , Dutta Anirban 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) is a prerequisite for board certification in general surgery in the USA. It includes a motor skills portion with five psychomotor tasks of increasing task complexity: (i) pegboard transfers, (ii) pattern cutting, (iii) placement of a ligating loop, (iv) suturing with extracorporeal knot tying, and (v) suturing with intracorporal knot tying. Learning these tasks typically relies on extensive practice [1]. Nemani et al. [2] showed that the wavelet coherence based functional connectivity from functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data between the medial prefrontal cortex and the supplementary motor area (SMA) was lower for experts than novices during FLS pattern cutting task. Here, SMA is known for the plasticity of interhemispheric connectivity involving sensorimotor network [3] relevant in learning bimanual laparoscopic tasks; however, transcranial direct current (tDCS) of SMA resulted in more variability during FLS pegboard transfers than bilateral primary motor cortex tDCS. Here, it is essential to differentiate tDCS effects on the pre-SMA from SMA proper in the SMA complex during laparoscopic skill acquisition due to differences in their fiber tracts [4] and their relevance to motor task complexity. Prior work using fNIRS-based activation during most complex FLS suturing task with intracorporeal knot tying [5] showed the involvement of premotor/frontal module [4] related Brodmann areas (BA), shown in Figure 1c, including ventrolateral PFC (VLPFC; BA: 44, 45, 47), frontopolar (FP; BA: 10), dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC; BA: 9, 46) as well as a part of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC; BA: 11) on the lateral brain surface in addition to SMA complex. However, the effective connectivity of this cognitive-motor control network was not investigated based on dynamic causal modeling (DCM) [6], where the temporal resolution of electroencephalogram (EEG) can capture fast interactions expected via short frontal lobe connections [4]. Therefore, our research aimed to identify hidden brain networks during FLS suturing with intracorporeal knot tying skill acquisition using DCM of EEG.
Evaluate equivalent-sectional shear modulus for laminated glass beams using in torsion tests and photogrammetry method
Authors: Uheida Kal , Deng Yu , Zhang Hexin , Galuppi Laura , Gao Jiaxiang , Xie Li , Huang Shuge , Qin Xuanshen , Wong Simon H F , Guo Jianwen , Zhang Guangxin , Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

This paper proposes a concise concept for quantifying the shear/torsional stiffness of the laminated glass beams experimentally by introducing the Equivalent-Sectional Shear Modulus (ESSM), that is directly measured from the torque and sectional-rotation correlation with the torsion test and tailor-made photogrammetry technique. The advantage of this method is originated from the concept of measuring the overall rotation to torque response of a laminated glass beam altogether rather than the component individually. This eliminates the uncertainties of analytical approximations that are commonly adopted by most existing methods in which the composite shear/torsion stiffness is derived from its component mechanical properties. The photogrammetry technique increased the accuracy of the sectional rotation measurement by acquiring dense displacement sample points on the glass beam simultaneously. The accuracy of the photogrammetry setup and efficacy of the test design were proven by a micrometre and a monolithic glass beam test. One sample each for the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and SentryGlas Plus (SGP) laminated glass beams were tested multiple times non-destructively to determine the ESSM. The result of the SGP laminated glass beam showed a closer agreement with the previous studies, however the result of the PVB laminated glass beam exhibited a larger difference from the previous studies. It also suggested that mechanical properties of the interlayer played an important role in the composite behaviour of the laminated glass beam. The experimental outcomes have demonstrated the proposed method is an accurate and effective technique for measuring the ESSM of laminated glass beams.
Fate and mass loading of antibiotics in hospital and domestic wastewater treatment plants in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Sinthuchai Donwichai , Boontanon Suwanna Kitpati , Piyaviriyakul Pitchaya , Boontanon Narin , Jindal Ranjna , Polprasert Chongrak 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics contributes to the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment, especially in low- to middle-income countries. This study investigated the occurrence, relative abundance, and fate of eight antibiotics at each treatment stage in four domestic and four hospital wastewater treatment plants (dWWTPs and hWWTPs, respectively), as well as mass loadings into the receiving water environments in Bangkok, Thailand. Samples were prepared by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Antibiotic concentrations were higher in hWWTPs than dWWTPs; approximately 60 times for influents and 10 times for effluents. Ciprofloxacin concentration increased in most dWWTPs, especially in the aeration unit and return sludge, suggesting that it predominantly occurred in the solid phase. Sulfamethoxazole predominantly occurred in the dissolved form, which is more difficult to degrade, and exhibited high concentrations in effluent. Moreover, antibiotic pollutant loadings were approximately 30–3,530 times higher from dWWTPs than from hWWTPs due to higher daily discharges from the domestic sector. These plants are a major point source of antibiotic residue release to aquatic environments; thus, their efficiency should be improved by incorporating advanced treatment processes to ensure effective removal of antibiotics.
Magnetic solid-phase extraction based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes combined ferroferric oxide nanoparticles for the determination of five heavy metal ions in water samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhao Ning , Bian Yuwei , Dong Xinyi , Gao Xun , Zhao Longshan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
An excellent magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MMWCNT) containing carboxyl material modified with ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles was synthesized as the adsorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of five heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Cr4+) in water samples followed by on-line inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection. The characteristics of the adsorbent were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Some factors affecting extraction efficiency including pH of sample solution, the amount of adsorbent, extraction method and time, concentration and volume of desorption solvent, desorption time and evaluation of coexisting ions were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, good linearity (r ≥ 0.9951) was obtained within the range of 0.1–50.0 ng·mL−1. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were 4.0–25.0 ng·L−1 and 15.0–80.0 ng·L−1, respectively. And satisfactory recoveries of five heavy metal ions ranged from 81.11% to 105.53% were acquired, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were no more than 6.05%. The MMWCNT synthesized had strong adsorption force for the five investigated heavy metal ions, respectively. Hence, the proposed method was so suitable and sensitive that it can be applied to the determination of trace analysis of heavy metals in water samples.
Immobilized Palladium Nanoparticles on Phosphanamine-grafted
Cellulose for Arylation of Uracil
Authors: Yang Qian , Ma Na , He Yangqing , Yu Xiaojiao , Yao Binghua 
Published: August 2021

Background:
The synthesis of 5-arylation uracil nucleosides is an imperative challenge,
especially for the method of Suzuki reaction using N-unprotected uracil as materials, which holds
the potential to enhance the yield.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to find a more efficient catalyst to increase the yield of
aryluracils and aryluridines.

Methods:
We first constructed the phosphanamine-grafted cellulose (PAGC) from cellulose material.
Then, we prepared the nanocatalyst PAGC/Pd(0) through heating and reducing the mixture of
PAGC and Pa(OAc)2.

Results:
When using this nanocatalyst to catalyze the Suzuki reaction of 5-iodouracil or 5-iodouridine
and aryl heterocyclic boronic acids, the arylation yields have been significantly improved.

Conclusion:
This means that the resultant nanocatalyst exhibits a remarkable catalytic efficacy for
Suzuki arylation of 5-iodouracil and 5-iodouridine.
Sustainable Suburban Environment and Service for Happier Households
Authors: Voon Boo Ho , Wang Liping , Teo Ai Kiat 
Published: August 2021

Many emerging economies have allocated significant amount of resource for sustainable suburbanization and development initiatives to serve and care for the targeted communities for happier households. The governments, private enterprises, and NGOs have been working together for sustainable suburban socio-economic development. Their sustainability practices and good quality service have helped to achieve the desired development outcomes for a better quality of life for the stakeholders. This paper aims to share the case study of Batu Kawa Suburb (Kuching, Sarawak) and the related lessons from Shaoxing (Zhejiang, China) to understand sustainable suburbanization environment and service for sustainability.
Keywords: Sustainable suburban environment; Service.
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i17.2886
Communicating the Implementation of Open Notes to Health Care Professionals: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Jonnergård Karin , Petersson Lena , Erlingsdóttir Gudbjörg 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe literature on how to communicate reform in organizations has mainly focused on levels of hierarchy and has largely ignored the variety of professions that may be found within an organization. In this study, we focus on the relationship between media type and professional responses.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate whether and how belonging to a profession influences the choice of communication media and the perception of information when a technical innovation is implemented in a health care setting.MethodsThis study followed a mixed methods design based on observations and participant studies, as well as a survey of professionals in psychiatric health care in Sweden. The χ2 test was used to detect differences in perceptions between professional groups.ResultsThe use of available communication media differed among professions. These differences seem to be related to the status attached to each profession. The sense-making of the information appears to be similar among the professions, but is based on their traditional professional norms rather than on reflection on the reform at hand.ConclusionsWhen communicating about the implementation of a new technology, the choice of media and the message need to be attuned to the employees in both hierarchical and professional terms. This also applies to situations where professional employees are only indirectly affected by the implementation. A differentiated communication strategy is preferred over a downward cascade of information.
Coalescence times, life history traits and conservation concerns: an example from four coastal shark species from the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Lesturgie Pierre , Planes Serge , Mona Stefano 
Published: August 2021

Dispersal abilities play a crucial role in shaping the extent of
population genetic structure, with more mobile species being panmictic
over large geographic ranges and less mobile ones organized in
meta-populations exchanging migrants to different degrees. In turn,
population structure directly influences the coalescence pattern of the
sampled lineages, but the consequences on the estimated variation of the
effective population size (Ne) over time obtained by means of
unstructured demographic models remain poorly understood.
However, this knowledge is crucial for biologically interpreting the
observed Ne trajectory and further devising conservation strategies in
endangered species. Here we investigated the demographic history of four
shark species (Carharhinus melanopterus, Carharhinus limbatus,
Carharhinus amblyrhynchos, Galeocerdo cuvier) with different degrees of
endangered status and life history traits related to dispersal
distributed in the Indo-Pacific and sampled off New Caledonia. We
compared several evolutionary scenarios representing both
structured (meta-population) and unstructured models and
then inferred the Ne variation through time. By performing
extensive coalescent simulations, we provided a general framework
relating the underlying population structure and the observed Ne
dynamics. On this basis, we concluded that the recent decline observed
in three out of the four considered species when assuming
unstructured demographic models can be explained by the presence
of population structure. Furthermore, we also demonstrated the limits of
the inferences based on the sole site frequency spectrum and warn that
statistics based on linkage disequilibrium will be needed to exclude
recent demographic events affecting meta-populations.