bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum-Based KRASG12/G13 Mutation Detection Using Droplet Digital PCR: Clinical Implications and Limitations in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma With Tumor Heterogeneity
Authors: Kim Ju Seok , Bae Go Eun , Kim Seok-Hwan , Choi Min Kyung , Yeo Min-Kyung 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundCell-free DNA (cfDNA) has arisen as an alternative target for evaluating somatic mutations in cancer. KRAS mutation status is critical for targeted therapy in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC). We evaluated KRASG12/G13 mutations in cfDNA extracted from serum and compared the results with KRASG12/G13 mutations detected in tissue samples. We assessed the clinical significance of KRASG12/G13 mutation in serum in regard to recurrence and metastasis of CRAC.MethodsA total of 146 CRAC patients were enrolled, and KRASG12/G13 mutations were evaluated in 146 pairs of serum and tissue samples. In addition, 35 pairs of primary and metastatic CRAC tissue samples were evaluated for KRASG12/G13 mutational status.ResultsDetection of KRASG12/13 mutation from serum and tissue had a 55% concordance rate, and serum detection had a sensitivity of 39.8%. Detection of the KRASG12/13 mutation yielded a 14% discordance rate between primary and metastatic tissue. CRAC patients with mutant KRASG12/13 mutation in serum but wild-type KRASG12/13 in tissue had concurrent KRASG12/13-mutant metastatic tumors, indicating spatial genetic heterogeneity. Changes in serum KRASG12/G13 mutation status during postoperative follow-up were associated with recurrence. Conclusion: Although serum detection of the KRASG12/13 mutation cannot substitute for detection in tissue, serum testing can support the interpretation of a CRAC patient’s status in regard to concurrent metastasis. Dynamic changes in serum KRASG12/13 mutation status during follow-up indicated that cfDNA from serum represents a potential source for monitoring recurrence in CRAC patients.
DAGLα Inhibition as a Non-invasive and Translational Model of Episodic Headache
Authors: Levine Aidan , Liktor-Busa Erika , Karlage Kelly L. , Giancotti Luigi , Salvemini Daniela , Vanderah Todd W. , Largent-Milnes Tally M. 
Published: January 2021

Recent findings suggested that Clinical Endocannabinoid Deficiency underlies the pathophysiology of pain disorders, including migraine and headache. In models of medication overuse headache induced by sustained administration of sumatriptan or morphine, 2-AG levels were selectively depleted in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and anandamide (AEA) increased in the cortex suggesting distinct regulation of the endocannabinoid system during headache pain. These results led to the hypothesis that blockade of DAGL, to reduce 2-AG levels would induce headache-like behaviors as a new, translationally relevant model of episodic headache. Our study investigated whether non-selective and selective blockade of DAGL, the main biosynthetic enzyme for 2-AG, induced periorbital and hind-paw allodynia, photophobia, anxiety-like behaviors, responsivity to abortive anti-migraine agents, and 2-AG/AEA levels. Injection of non-selective DAGL (DH376, 10 mg/kg, IP) and selective DAGLα (LEI106, 20 mg/kg, IP) inhibitors, but not DAGLβ agents, induced facial sensitivity in 100% and ∼60% of female and male rats, respectively, without induction of peripheral sensitivity. Notably, male rats showed significantly less sensitivity than female rats after DAGLα inhibition, suggesting sexual dimorphism in this mechanism. Importantly, LEI106 induced periorbital allodynia was attenuated by administration of the clinically available abortive antimigraine agents, sumatriptan and olcegepant. Selective DAGLα inhibition induced significant photophobia as measured by the light-dark box, without anxiety like behaviors or changes in voluntary movement. Analysis of AEA and 2-AG levels at the time of peak pain sensitivity revealed reductions in 2-AG in the visual cortex and periaqueductal gray (PAG), without altering anandamide or significantly increasing diacylglycerol levels. These results provide foundational evidence for DAGL-2AG in the induction of headache-like pain and photophobia without extracephalic allodynia, thus modeling the clinical episodic migraine. Mechanistically, behavioral measures of headache sensitivity after DAGL inhibition suggests that reduced 2-AG signaling in the cortex and PAG, but not the trigeminal nucleus caudalis or trigeminal ganglia, drives headache initiation. Therefore, episodic DAGL inhibition, which reduces the time, cost, and invasiveness of currently accepted models of headache, may fill the need for episodic migraine/headache models mirroring clinical presentation. Moreover, use of this approach may provide an avenue to study the transition from episodic to chronic headache.
Carotid Occlusion Accentuates Aortic Stenosis and Cardiac Remodeling With Preserved Systolic Function in LDL Receptor-Deficient Mice
Authors: Liu Yandong , Cai Jiawei , Qu Lefeng 
Published: January 2021

Background: Carotid atherosclerotic disease is associated with aortic stenosis and reduced cardiac function. The causality between carotid and cardiac pathologies is unknown. We aim to explore the effects of carotid stenosis or occlusion on cardiac pathology and function.Methods and Results: We produced carotid obstruction or stenosis in 36 atherogenic mice with 150- or 300-μm tandem surgery or sham surgery. The structure and function of the heart were assessed by histology and animal ultrasound. The 150-μm group had larger plaque burden and thicker valve leaflets in the aortic root than did the control group. Also, the two surgery groups had a thicker left ventricular posterior wall and smaller internal diameter compared with controls. Increased myocardial fibrosis was also found in the 150-μm group compared with controls, although the surgery groups had preserved systolic function compared with that of controls.Conclusions: In a mouse model, carotid occlusion accentuated the formation of aortic stenosis and promoted ventricular remodeling without impairing systolic function. Carotid atherosclerotic plaque may be a pathogenic factor for aortic stenosis and ventricular remodeling.
Non-invasive MRI Studies of Ventilatory and Cardiovascular Performance in Edible Crabs Cancer pagurus During Warming Under Elevated CO2 Levels
Authors: Maus Bastian , Gutsfeld Sebastian , Bock Christian , Pörtner Hans-Otto 
Published: January 2021

The thermal tolerance of marine decapod crustacea is defined through their capacities for oxygen uptake and distribution. High ambient CO2levels were previously shown to reduce hemolymph oxygen levels at enhanced cardiac performance during warming. This study investigated the impacts of warming under two CO2levels on ventilation and hemolymph circulation in edible crabsCancer pagurus. It also highlights changes in the ventilatory and cardiac pauses displayed by Decapoda under routine metabolism. Animals were exposed to step-wise, sub-critical warming (12–20°C over 5 days) under control (470 μatm) and high (1,350 μatm) waterPCO2. Flow-through respirometry was combined with magnetic resonance imaging and infra-red photoplethysmography to allow for simultaneous, non-invasive measurements of metabolic rates (M˙O2), ventilation and cardiovascular performance. Crabs spent significantly more time in a lowM˙O2state (metabolic pause), when experiencing high CO2conditions above 16°C, compared to normocapnic warming. Heart rates leveled off beyond 18°C at any CO2level. Cardiac output continued to increase with high-CO2-warming, due to elevated cardiac stroke volumes. Consequently, temperature-dependent branchial hemolymph flow remained unaffected by CO2. Instead, a suppressing effect of CO2on ventilation was found beyond 16°C. These results indicate constrained oxygen uptake at stable cardiovascular performance in a decapod crustacean.Cancer pagurus: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B750F89A-84B5-448B-8D80-EBD724A1C9D4
LncRNA H19 as a Competing Endogenous RNA to Regulate AQP Expression in the Intestinal Barrier of IBS-D Patients
Authors: Chao Guanqun , Wang Zhaojun , Yang Yi , Zhang Shuo 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveThe study aimed to investigate the role of Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) H19 in the pathogenesis of Diarrhea Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D), and further to the regulatory effect of LncRNA H19 on AQP1, 3 in the intestinal mucosa of IBS-D patients, so as to seek a new way to elucidate the mechanism of IBS in clinic.MethodsThe levels of LncRNA H19, AQP1, and AQP3 were detected in colonic tissues of IBS-D patients, compared with that in healthy controls. Through RNA gene interference and activation methods, small activating RNA (saRNA) and small interfering (siRNA) were transfered into Caco-2 cells in vitro experiment, and sub-group for two control group, siH19 empty vector group, siH19 interference group, overexpression H19 vector group, and overexpression H19 empty vector group. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were applied to evaluate the expression levels of LncRNA H19 and the amount of AQP1 and AQP3 protein expression, respectively.ResultsCompared with healthy volunteers, the levels of LncRNA H19, AQP1, and AQP3 in the colonic mucosa of IBS-D patients were significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05). The results in vitro transfection experiment revealed that the level of LncRNA H19 in the siH19 interference group was significantly declined (P &lt; 0.05), while there was a remarkable increase in the overexpression H19 vector group (P &lt; 0.05), compared with the corresponding control groups. The expression of AQP1 and AQP3 in Caco-2 cells was of positive correlation with the level of LncRNA H19.ConclusionThat the down-regulation of LncRNA H19 resulted in the expression changes of AQP1 and AQP3 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of IBS-D.
Prolonged Grief Disorder in a Diverse College Student Sample
Authors: Glickman Kim 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the rate of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) and associated factors in a large sample of diverse college students. Sources of grief support and perceived helpfulness of support were also examined.Method: An online survey was administered to bereaved students at three colleges at the City University of New York. PGD measured by the Inventory of Complicated Grief was the primary outcome. Chi-squared and t-tests were used to assess the association between PGD and associated factors.Results: A total of n = 899 participants completed the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG) based on a significant death loss = &gt;12 months. An estimated 13.4% (n = 120/899) met criteria for PGD. The rate of PGD was associated with race, history of anxiety or depression, trauma other than the death, insecure attachment style, kinship to the deceased, closeness to the deceased, cause of death, and sudden/unexpected death. The majority of students sought grief support from a friend or family member.Conclusion: The rate of PGD in this sample of college students is similar to that of adults and most prevalent for students of color. Identification of those most at risk is critical to referring these students to effective treatments.
Perceived Burdensomeness and the Wish for Hastened Death in Persons With Severe and Persistent Mental Illness
Authors: Stoll Julia , Ryan Christopher James , Trachsel Manuel 
Published: January 2021

Background: In several European countries, medical assistance in dying (MAID) is no longer confined to persons with a terminal prognosis but is also available to those suffering from persistent and unbearable mental illness. To date, scholarly discourse on MAID in this population has been dominated by issues such as decision-making capacity, uncertainty as to when a disease is incurable, stigmatization, isolation, and loneliness. However, the issue of perceived burdensomeness has received little attention.Objective: The study explores the possible impact of perceived burdensomeness on requests for MAID among persons with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI).Method: Using the method of ethical argumentation, we discuss the issue of access to MAID for persons with SPMI and perceived burdensomeness.Conclusion: Perceived burdensomeness may be a contributing factor in the wish for hastened death among persons with SPMI. MAID is ethically unsupportable if SPMI causes the individual to make an unrealistic assessment of burdensomeness, indicating a lack of decision-making capacity in the context of that request. However, the possibility that some individuals with SPMI may perceive burdensomeness does not mean that they should be routinely excluded from MAID. For SPMI patients with intact decision-making capacity who feel their life is not worth living, perceived burdensomeness as a component of this intolerable suffering is not a sufficient reason to deny access to MAID.
Efficacy of an Internet-Based Intervention for Subclinical Depression (MoodBox) in China: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Xu , Zhang Xiaolong , Zhu Xuequan , Wang Gang 
Published: January 2021

Background: Subclinical depression is a prevalent mental health problem and increases the incidence of the onset of major mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Psychological interventions have been proved to be effective for reducing depressive symptoms for people with subclinical depression and can prevent the onset of MDD. However, people have limited access to face-to-face psychotherapy. Internet-based psychological intervention is an alternative treatment option. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of MoodBox, an online psychological intervention program, for subclinical depression.Methods: This study is a multicenter, randomized, controlled, non-blinded superiority study with three parallel groups. A total of 435 first-year university students with subclinical depression will be recruited. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to the MoodBox group, the online psychoeducation group, and the naturalistic observation group at a ratio of 1:1:1. The intervention period is 8 weeks, and participants will be continuously followed up for 1 year. The primary outcome of the study is the efficacy of the intervention, defined as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).Discussion: This is the first study to innovatively develop and test an intervention to improve psychological well-being and decrease the incidence of MDD in a subclinical depression population in China. Once proven effective and acceptable, MoodBox could be potentially integrated into the routine clinical service to facilitate the management for people with subclinical depression.Clinical Trial Registration: The trial is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on 21 July 2020 (No. ChiCTR2000034826).
IbM KELOMPOK LIMBAH TAHU (AMPAS TAHU) JUWIRING, KLATEN
Authors: Sudalto Sudalto , Dwiyanto Dwiyanto , Ismawati Kun 
Published: January 2021

Tahu terbuat dari kedelai yang merupakan salah satu jenis kacang yang berprotein tinggi.Dalam proses pembuatan tahu selalu ada limbah yang biasanya dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan makanan ternak. Untuk ampas tahu (limbah) ini masih mempunya ini ekonomis pergiling ampas tahu Rp.5.000,00, sedangkan limbah tahu ini jika di olah dan kemas masih mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang lebih tinggi yaitu diproses dengan dipres sebagai tempe gembus dengan harga jualRp. 10.000 pergiling. Dalam proses pembuatan ampas tahu menjadi tempe gembus melalui beberapa tahap yaitu tahap pencucian, penghancuran, penggilingan dan pengepresan.Dari tahap ini yang menjadi perhatian tim PKMT adalah proses pengepresan ampas tahu.Usaha yang dilakukan memiliki prospek yang cukup baik, karena ampas tahu (limbah )yang biasa dipakai untuk ternak ,ternyata bisa digunakan untuk membuat tempe gembus yang mempunyai nilai jual cukup tinggi dan ini menambah pengasilan pengusaha dan menambah lapangan kerja baru, sehingga sangat prospek untuk dikembangkan. Tujuan secara umum Untuk menumbuh kembangkan kreatifitas yang inovatif bagi mahasiswa, serta untuk mengantarkan mahasiswa dalam mencapai tarap pencerahan kreativitas dan inovasi berlandaskan sains dan teknologi , Membuat alat system pengepres limbah tahu untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitasproduksi, Merancang dan menciptakan teknologi yang dibutuhkan pengusaha kecil dan menengah dalam hal ini pengusaha tempe serta. Agar system mekanisasi membuat orang yang bekerja tidak cepat lelah dan keselamatan lebih terjamin. Kata Kunci :limbah, pres, tempe gembus.
Pengembangan Dan Peningkatan Nilai Tambah Budidaya Jamur Tiram Melalui Pelatihan Nugget Jamur Di Desa Gerdu Kecamatan Karangpandan Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Wariati Ambar , Wijayanti Andjar Putri , Khoiruman Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Produksi jamur tiram cukup melimpah di Kabupaten Karanganyar termasuk di Desa Gerdu Kecamatan Karangpandan yang menjadi desa mitra Tim Pengabdian. Nilai jual jamur tiram dapat ditingkatkan dengan membuat produk makanan berbahan dasar jamur tiram, seperti : kripik jamur tiram, sate jamur, stick jamur, serundeng jamur dan produk jamur lain yang mempunyai nilai tambah. Kelompok Ibu PKK Desa Gerdu mencari alternatif produk berbahan dasar jamur tiram yang dianggap mampu diproduksi dan bisa meningkatkan tambahan pendapatan dari para anggota PKK. Nuget Jamur menjadi pilihan produk yang akan dikembangkan oleh mitra dengan alasan : 1) Produk nuget jamur masih sangat jarang di jual di pasar, 2) Diharapkan nuget jamur bisa menjadi alternatif pengganti nuget sapi dan ayam yang sudah terlebih dahulu populer di masyarakat. 3) Nuget Jamur diharapkan menjadi produk unik yang dijadikan oleh-oleh bagi wisatawan yang berkunjung ke destinasi wisata di kabupaten Karanganyar. Untuk pencapaian tujuan tersebut maka Tim Pengabdian melakukan pelatihan dan pendampingan bagi mitra berupa : 1) pelatihan pembuatan produk nuget jamur tiram 2) pelatihan pengemasan produk nuget jamur tiram dan 3) pendampingan perijinan usaha. Kata Kunci : Jamur Tiram, produk nuget jamur, pengemasan, perijinan usaha
Training Of Trainer (Pelatihan Untuk Pelatih) Bagi Kader Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Desa (KPED)
Authors: Nurdyastuti Tri , Penawan Adi , Pahlawi Lukman Ahmad Imron 
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan membantu meningkatkan keterampilan sebagai seorang pelatih serta pemahaman sebagai seorang fasilitator bagi kader pemberdayaan ekonomi desa (KPED) dan pengurus kelompok penerima manfaar pinjaman dana bergulir dana amanah pemberdayaan masyarakat UPK-PDB DAPM Kecamatan Kalijambe Kabupaten Sragen. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini berbentuk pendampingan pelatihan tentang cara-cara menjadi seorang tenaga pendamping bagi KPED dan pengurus kelompok penerima manfaat Pinjaman Dana Bergulir Dana Amanah Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PDB DAPM) di Kecamatan Kalijambe Kabupaten Sragen. Dari hasil Pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pemahaman terhadap materi sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pelatihan pada peserta Training of Trainer, sebelum pelatihan rata-rata pemahaman terhadap materi dari 35 orang peserta adalah sebesar 60,9%, sementara setelah diberikan pelatihan rata-rata pemahaman peserta sebesar 89,4%. Nilai thitung sebesar -15.929 dengan sig 0.000 < 0.05, artinya rata-rata pemahaman sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan Training of Trainer terhadap peserta terdapat perbedaan. Dengan demikian dapat dinyatakan bahwa penyampaian materi Training of Trainer sangat mempengaruhi terhadap pemahaman peserta pelatihan.Kata kunci: Training of Trainer, Unit Pengelola Kegiatan (UPK)
Feedback on feedback: A two-way street between residents and preceptors
Authors: Griffiths Jane , Schultz Karen , Han Han , Dalgarno Nancy 
Published: January 2021

Background: Workplace-based assessment (WBA), foundational to competency-based medical education, relies on preceptors providing feedback to residents. Preceptors however get little timely, formative, specific, actionable feedback on the effectiveness of that feedback. Our study aimed to identify useful qualities of feedback for family medicine residents and to inform improving feedback-giving skills for preceptors in PGME training program.
Methods: This study employed a two-phase exploratory design. Phase 1 collected qualitative data from preceptor feedback given to residents through Field Notes (FNs) and quantitative data from residents who provided feedback to preceptor about the quality of the feedback given. Phase 2 employed focus groups to explore ways in which residents are willing to provide preceptors with constructive feedback about the quality of the feedback they receive. Descriptive statistics and a thematic approach were used for data analysis.
Findings: We collected 22 FNs identified by residents as being impactful to their learning; analysis of these FNs resulted in five themes. Functionality was then added to the electronic FNs allowing residents to indicate impactful feedback with a “Thumbs Up” icon. Over one year, 895 out of 8,496 FNs (11%) had a “Thumbs up” added, divided into reasons of: confirmation of learning (28.6%), practice improvement (21.2%), new learning (18.8%), motivation (17.7%), and evoking reflection (13.7%). Two focus groups (12 residents, convenience sampling) explored residents’ perception of constructive feedback and willingness to also provide constructive feedback to preceptors.
Conclusion: Adding constructive feedback to existing positive feedback choices will provide preceptors with holistic information about the impact of their feedback on learners, which, in turn, should allow them to provide more effective feedback to learners. However, power differential, relationship impact, and institutional support were concerns for residents that would need to be addressed for this to be optimally operationalized.
PENGARUH ISOFLAVON SARI TEMPE KENTAL MANIS TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR ESTRADIOL SERUM PADA IBU PRA MENOPAUSE DI SDN DAN SMPN KECAMATAN SUKAJADI PEKANBARU TAHUN 2016
Authors: SURYATNI SURYATNI , SARTIKA YAN , ANGWAR MUKHAMAD 
Published: January 2021

Penurunan kadar estradiol pada masa pra menopouse menyebabkan berbagai perubahan pada fisik dan psikis. Perubahan yang dirasakan antara lain perubahan pola mestruasi, hot flush (rasa panas), insomnia, depresi, sakit kepala, nyeri tulang dan vagina kering. Untuk mencegah hal ini maka diupayakan aternatif lain yang lebih bersifat natural yaitu dengan memberikan isoflavon alami. Kedelai mengandung isoflavon, salah satu bahan pangan yang terbuat dari kedelai adalah tempe. Pada tempe terdapat empat jenis isoflavon yaitu daidzein, glisitein dan genistein dan antioksidan faktor II (6,7,4- trihidroksi isoflavon). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh isoflavon sari tempe kental manis terhadap peningkatan kadar estradiol serum pada ibu pra menopause di SDN dan SMPN Kecamatan Sukajadi Pekanbaru tahun 2016.
Desain penelitian adalah quasy-eksperimen yang bersifat one group pretest-postest, observasional terhadap 13 orang ibu pra menopause di SDN dan SMPN Kecamatan Sukajadi Pekanbaru, April – November 2016. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling. Pemeriksaan kadar estradiol dilakukan dilaboratorium Awal Bross Pekanbaru dengan metode Architect Estradiol. Uji normalitas data dengan Shapiro-Wilk, uji pengaruh isoflavon sari tempe kental manis terhadap peningkatan kadar estradiol dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan median kadar estradiol pada pretest adalah 24 (10-114) pg/ml dan median kadar etradiol pada postest adalah 72 (10-191) pg/ml. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pemberian isoflavon sari tempe kental manis terhadap peningkatan kadar estradiol (p= 0,025).
Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah semakin sering diberikan isoflavon sari tempe kental manis maka semakin tinggi kadar estradiol sehingga dapat mengurangi perubuhan fisik dan psikis pada ibu pra menopause .