bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation the compression strength and thermal Properties of Composites Using Natural Additives with Epoxy
Authors: Chlob Hisham A. , Fenjan Raad M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The main objective of this work was to investigate the effect of natural additives with an animal and vegetable source in the form of (short fibers and particle) on the mechanical and thermal properties for epoxy. (wood dust, date palm fiber, cow bones and sheep wool) were selected as natural additives with different weight ratios such as (%5,%15,%25) reinforcements for the epoxy matrix based composites, which were produced by the hand lay-up technique. mechanical test such compression strength and thermal properties such thermal conductivity were carried out according to ASTM standards to characterized these composites. It was found that the mechanical and thermal properties can be increased or decreased depending on the type of material additives, its origin, as well as the weight percentage used.
Design Parameters for Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) Via Numerical Approach
Authors: Fadhil Ayat , Alkhfaji Saad Sami , Ismael Mustafa K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A numerical approach utilizes to investigate the optimal die design parameters of the ECAP technique. The Deformation behavior and strain distribution are affected by die geometry and processing parameters. were analyzed and evaluated. In addition, the influence of the inner channel angle (ICA) and the outer channel angle (OCA) on the behavior of plastic deformation during ECAP process also studied using a finite element technique. The numerical investigation implemented over a range of die angles (90°, 110°, and 135°) with inner corner radius (0, 3, 4, 5, and 8 mm) with their corresponding values considered for the outer corner radius (0, 10, 12,14,15 and 20 mm). The results obtained regarding the force required, maximum stress, maximum strain, and equivalent stress evaluated over a range for die inner angle radius and die outer angle radius. These results show that the size of the inner and outer curvature radii has a big effect on deformation homogeneity of the billet. had an influence on both the quantity and distribution of effective strain. With the increment of inner and outer curvature radii, the effective strain value decreased in the deformation regions. Moreover, the optimum conditions in terms of strain distribution and homogeneity of billet are associated with a radius of the inner fillet of 4 mm and radius of outer corner of 12 mm. The impacts on the von Mises strain and the press force. The optimal compromise between applied force and von Mises strain balances small press forces and high von Mises strain and homogeneity indices.
Synthesis and characterization of MgO nanoparticle via microwave and sol-gel methods
Authors: Salman Khansaa D. , Abbas Haider H. , Aljawad Hussain A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This investigation aims to study the characterization of MgO nanoparticles prepared using two different routes via microwave method and sol-gel route. The characteristics of the fabricated of MgO nanoparticles were examined by FESEM, XRD, FTIR and BET. The results of XRD for microwave method and sol-gel route revealed peaks indicating the uniform crystalline. The images of FESEM of MgO nanoparticles by microwave method evinced an irregular shape, but the MgO nanoparticles synthesized by sol-gel route were found crystallites, nano spherical shape. The results of this work manifested that the MgO nanoparticles prepared via sol-gel route had smaller grain size as (≈ 50 nm) compared to the microwave method (≈ 72 nm). The specific surface area of the MgO nanoparticles using sol-gel route was more than with microwave route. FTIR examination reveals that the presence of Mg-O in the sample.
Manual mechanical prestressing system of thin shallow curved slab
Authors: Alfeehan Ashraf A. , Abdulhameed Suhaib S. , Alkerwei Rana H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A manual mechanical prestressing system was manufactured which used to apply a post-tension force to the high-stress steel wires in the curved slab member. The study aims to experiment with the use of a mechanical prestressing technique of thin curved sections to assess the prestressed force influencing the behavior of a curved slab at the initial and final loading stages. Two advantages achieved in the system; pulling the steel wires at all positions simultaneously and application of the pulling force perpendicular to the cross-section of the curved slab. To check the efficiency of the prestressing system, two reactive powder concrete curved slab members were cast and tested under a uniformly distributed load. The first one is reinforced with micro steel fibers while the second one is reinforced with micro steel fibers in addition to four high-stress steel wires. The experimental results showed the applicability and facility of using this manual mechanical system to perform the post-tension forces of thin curved slabs. Applying the post-tension prestressing force in the curved slab member increased the cracking and ultimate loads to about 311% and 381% respectively compared to the non-prestress curved slab, whereas the failure mode was occurred by flexural-tensile stress near the edge beams for both curved slabs.
Parameters Estimation Tests of Induction Machine Using Matlab/Simulink
Authors: Khalaf Mohammed Mustaf , Ali Amer Mejbel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper describes special tests through the Matlab/Simulink program with induction machine to estimate the parameters of the equivalent circuit step by step because they have a direct impact on the performance of induction machine while running steady-state machines and dynamic status. There are three tests to determine the parameters of the induction machine (R
1, R
2, X
1, X
2, X
m) is a DC test and No-Load test (open-circuit test) and Blocked rotor test (short-circuit test). Despite the fact that temperature and the skin effect are not taken into account in DC resistance modelling, the results obtained are approximate and rational. For control and verification, the parameters of an induction machine can be accessed through the above three tests. Simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. This work can be easily applied by students to enable them to know the parameters in the absence of the information provided in the motor.
Structural Behavior of Concrete Deep Beams Reinforced with Steel Ducts
Authors: Al-Hassany Eman A , Al-Yassri Labeeb S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The aim of the research is to investigate the structural behavior of deep beams with a longitudinal opening reinforced by steel pipes. The experimental program included a test of (10) specimens with dimensions of (1500mm) length, (500mm) overall height and (250mm) width. One of these specimens was casted with solid section (without longitudinal opening) to keep it as a reference specimen for comparison purposes. The variables considered in this research were, the shape of the openings (circular, square, and rectangular) was adopted, opening size (three variable sizes of circular openings 4in,3in, and 2in) were used, in addition to the void’s ratio. The Load-deflection curves and crack patterns for the tested beams were discussed. The experimental results showed that the structural behavior of specimens with circular openings was approximately equal to the reference beam, where it gave efficiency about (103%) with respect to the reference beam. The specimens with square and rectangular openings gave an average load carrying capacity about (81%-35%) respectively with respect to the reference beam. Also, its noticed that the specimens containing rectangular openings were inefficient and caused early collapse. Using of steel pipes to reinforce the longitudinal opening was observed to be efficient for improving the load carrying capacity and stiffness of deep beams, the results showed that the ultimate load was increased by 22.6% compared to the beam with unreinforced opening.
Review: The Surface Modification of Pure Titanium by Micro-Arc Oxidation (MAO) Process
Authors: Naji Chabuk Qabas Khalid , Salman Al-Murshdy Jassim M. , Dawood Nawal Mohammed 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Titanium and titanium alloys are broadly used in biomedical applications, particularty orthopaedic and dental implants, due to their suitable properties, such as low modulus, high specific strength to weight, high machining, high corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is one in every of many surface modification processes that can provide porous, adhesive, and bioactivity for implantation, resulting in better and more improved osseointegration. Furthermore, antimicrobial surface coatings hold a lot of promise for reducing infection-related errors. This study provides a summary of the biological evaluation of bioactive coatings. It primarily focuses on ways for enhancing the biological characteristics of MAO-coated titanium and related alloys. The overview is to discuss the MAO process of the titanium implant to enhance bone/implant interaction.
Metallurgical investigation and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction crush welded Cu-Al sheets with flanged edge
Authors: Jomah A S , Hashim F A , Subhi A D 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Welding of dissimilar metals is one of the most substantial requirements of industries and extensively used in engineering applications. Dissimilar friction crush welding between oxygen-free copper (C1020) and aluminum (1145-H1) sheets with a thickness of 1 mm was investigated in this work using different flange edge heights (2, 2.5 and 3 mm) and gaps (0.5 and 1 mm) between Cu-Al sheets. Tool rotational speed of 1500 rpm and feed rate of 120 mm/min were used in all welding experiments. Evaluation of Cu-Al joints was performed successfully using optical microscope, SEM, XRD, EDS, hardness and tensile tests. Several FCW experiments were carried out to obtain the optimum properties by adjusting the flanged edge height and gap between dissimilar sheets. Cracks are the main defect encountered in Cu-Al joints. The XRD results showed that no new reaction phases were formed in the Cu-Al joints. EDS results showed no pronounce diffusion of elements in the crush zone and mechanical coalescence was responsible for welding. The results also indicated that the FCW parameters has a significant effect on the hardness and tensile strength of Cu-Al joints.
Progress In Lead Free- Relaxor Ferroelectrics For Energy Storage Applications.
Authors: Al-Aaraji Mohammed N , Hasan Wisam N , Al-Marzoki Kutaiba 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The noticeable progression in the power electronic devices pushes a crucial demand to develop dielectrics with low loss, good temperature stability and high energy-storage density in addition to enhanced energy recovery characteristics. These properties are very important in order to use in advanced pulsed capacitors. Capacitors form a main part of many modern electrical and electronic devices. In this regards, relaxor ferroelectrics form an appropriate candidate for ceramic-based capacitor applications, due to their low loss and high energy density. This review provide theoretical basis at first, which help to evaluate the capacitors characteristics that contribute to high energy storage behavior. Moreover, serves to give an overall summary on latest development on electric energy-storage performance in the candidate materials, particularly in bismuth based peroviskite materials. For example, Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3, BiFeO3 and their solid solutions with BaTiO3 or with K0.5Na0.5NbO3.
Effect of different strengthening techniques on the behavior of one-way continuous slab with insufficient length of development
Authors: Al-Shebawi Ruqayah D. , Al-yassri Labeeb S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the different strengthening techniques on the behavior of continuous one-way slab with insufficient length of development of rebars at the internal joint. The insufficient length of development of rebars in the zone of negative steel reinforcement leads to a reduction in force which has dangerous consequences that affect the structure and its serviceability. This study proposed three strengthening techniques to compensate the insufficient development length which including: internal strengthening by confining the lap zone by spiral bar, externally strengthened by CFRP sheet and steel plates. Six one-way concrete slabs with dimensions of 2200 mm length, 500 mm width, and 125 mm thickness were casted and tested under static load. The main variables adopted in this study are: the length of development, type of strengthening, and presence of construction joint. All slabs were loaded to failure. Form results, it’s found that the presence of construction joint and insufficient length of development of rebars at internal support of the continuous one-way slab had a tangible influence on the structural behavior, also, the insufficient length of development resulted in a deterioration of the structure, decrease in stiffness, and change in the mode failure. It was observed that the strengthening techniques used in this study able to compensate the reduction in stiffness and enhancing mode of failure. All the proposed strengthening techniques was efficient especially steel plates which gave a high increasing in ultimate load by about 16.14 % and by about 8.7-3.73% for the other.
Time-Series Deep-Learning Classifier for Human Activity Recognition Based On Smartphone Built-in Sensors
Authors: Ali Ghada Qanbar , Al-Libawy Hilal 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is gaining more interest in recent years due to its growing role in many human-related sectors such as the health sector especially with elderly people and motion restricted patients. In recent years, there has been great progress in identifying human activity using various machine learning approaches. However, traditional methods of feature extraction are the most challenging in the feature selection process. Deep learning is a promising approach in the human activity recognition research area and has overcome the feature selection problem. However, several challenges are still open to research issues such as classification performance. This paper describes how to identify specific types of human physical activities using the accelerator and gyroscope data generated by the smartphone user. A deep convolutional neural network architecture has been proposed to perform HAR efficiently and effectively the system has been trained and tested over a dataset generated with the aid of 50 volunteers with four activities (walking, running, walking up-down stairs finally sitting-standing on the chair) events in real-world conditions. We chose four classes, each of which performs well, get to know our range of activities achieving 99% for validation and 99.8% for testing overall accuracy
Flexural Behaviour of Hybrid Concrete Beam-Column Connections Under Static and Repeated Loads
Authors: Mosheer Khamail Abdul-Mahdi , Dawood Mustafa B , Ghalib M H 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The present study includes an experimental investigations for the behavior and the load carrying capacity of hybrid beam-column connections subjected to static and repeated loading condition. The goals were to evaluate the effect of using slurry infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON). Experimental program consists of testing six beam-column connections, two of them casted with normal concrete and the other using SIFCON in crtical section in addation to normal concrete. Also, the program testing three of connection subjected to static load and the similar other subjected to repeated loads. Results show an improve in flexural behavior for specimens with SIFCON as compared with normal concrete under static and condition, on the other hand, the reduction in flexural strength when was exposed to repeated loads in comparison with that under static loads reach 2.6% at hybrid connection. While, the reduction was increased to 5.1% for the specimen without SIFCON.
Transmitting Image in 3D Wireless Channel using Adaptive Algorithm Processing with MMSE based on MIMO principles
Authors: Fedosov V.P. , Jameel J.S. , Kucheryavenko S.V. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
With the growing evolution of wireless communication technologies, there is still a need for higher data rates, increased system capacity, and improved service quality. OFDM WiMAX technology is now regarded as one of the most common solutions for Broadband Wireless Connectivity in Urban Areas, capable of offering faster implementation and lower costs than standard wired options. This paper proposes effective adaptive algorithm processing with MMSE for use in wireless networks based on SISO and MIMO OFDM WiMAX, enabling network performance to be enhanced in the case of non-LOS wireless communications, which are standard in urban conditions. On the performance of the system, signal attenuation, the effects of several paths l, different mobility speeds and Doppler shift were studied. Combines the adaptive algorithm with MMSE, achieves improved joint channel estimation and signal detection which performs the technique effectively mobile. SNR, MSE and noise components are used to analyses mathematical models of adaptive modulation for transmitting images in SISO and MIMO systems. Simulation results show that the adaptive algorithm with MMSE would improve throughput. For example, when SNR equal 15 dB, the probability of MSE for BPSK based on MIMO principle is equal to 0.0016 with adaptive algorithm. Also, for the same value of SNR, the probability of MSE for BPSK based on MIMO principle is equal to 0.164 without adaptive algorithm. It can also be concluded that when processing signals in a receiving system under conditions of multi-path signal propagation, the use of adaptive algorithms with MMSE has a positive effect on noise immunity.
Factors affect the bond strength of Geopolymer repair material: Review
Authors: Abed AL-Jabar Ahmed Jaafer , Ibrahim Sarmad I. , Al-Kaisy Hanaa A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
One of the most important construction activities worldwide is the repair and rehabilitation of damaged concrete structures. Many concrete structures are decaying, sometimes early, and need remediation to restore their protection and serviceability. As a result, in recent years the need for repair and safety has increased dramatically. This paper reviewed some studies about the potential for geopolymer to be used as a repair material and highlighted the main factors effect bond strength between GP and OPCC. The bond strength of GP was assessed using splitting tensile test and slant shear test. The results of bond strength indicated that this form of GP could be employed as a potential repair material..
The quest for the most eco-friendly solutions for long-term housing changes
Authors: Sattar Ghali Zainab Abdul 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Lodging changes are an intriguing intercession with regards to post-war lodging regions. Two contextual investigations show that lodging changes can fill the hole among solidification and huge scope destruction. It is regularly said that this causes less natural effect. In any case, very little information regarding this matter is accessible yet. Naturally contrasting lodging changes versus new development not just needs to manage ecological effects during development, yet in addition with ecological effects after some time. An equilibrium must be looked for between these two sorts of natural effects. That is possible by learning typical yearly natural impacts from the hour of interesting advancement up to and including discard around the completion of-life of the housing change or new turn of events. This is against current evaluations of differentiating choices over a comparable lifetime. The system will be attempted in the accompanying period of the assessment.
Thermal Conductivity Characterization of Epoxy Based Composites Reinforced with Date Palm Waste Particles
Authors: Ghazi Israa F , Jaddan Riyam I 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Natural additives are largely available and have good environmental properties, therefore it mostly added as reinforcing material in a large number of polymeric materials. The intention of this study is to prepared green composite products to utilize as an insulating material and also in internal components of automobiles and the shipbuilding industry. For that reason, six composites were prepared that using particles from the date palm waste (palm mesh, seed of fruit, and trunk) as reinforcing fillers at (10, 20, and 30) wt.% loading as well as a hybrid of each three fillers in an epoxy matrix. The result included that the variation of thermal properties with the filler volume fraction and also with the type of fillers. At maximum volume fractions (30%), the seed date palm attained the lowest values of thermal properties of 0.138W/m.K, 720 m2/s, and 0.0201 J/kg.K for the thermal conductivity, specific heat, and thermal diffusivity respectively. Epoxy hybrid composites have the lowest thermal conductivity than other composite materials, making them more suitable for thermal insulation materials.
Functionally graded coating (silver/yttria) multi layers by pulsed laser deposition technique on 316L stainless steel substrate
Authors: Radhi Nabaa Sattar , Hamza Saja , Ahmed Rafea Tuama , Sahi Nebras Mohammed 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Biomaterial surface modifications are crucial for matching the dynamics of the biological system and improving bioimplant efficiency. Surface modifications that are tailored to the material’s biocompatibility, bondability, and host cell associations can significantly improve the material’s biocompatibility, bondability, and host cell associations. In this investigation, silver, yttria and silver/yttria thin covers preparation and antimicrobial characteristics on St.St. 316L by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The mechanical property of the coating has been evaluated by Vickers micro-hardness test, surface characterization studies of the coatings such as LOM and an antibacterial test has been conducted to ensure the coating’s antibacterial efficacy.
RSM Optimizing the Characteristics of Metakaolin based Geopolymer Foam
Authors: Radhi Mohammed S. , Al-Ghaban Ahmed M. H. , Al-Hydary Imad A. D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe present study reports on the development of cost-effective hybrid geopolymer foam from metakaolin via a direct foaming mechanism to produce pores differ in amount and size to be suitable for wide range of applications such as filtration, catalyst support, acoustic and thermal insulation. The main goal of this research project has been to investigate the possibility of producing geopolymer foam with high compressive strength and high porosity at the same time. The complexity of the structure, the variety of the process parameters, and the impure nature of the starting materials make it hard to optimize the preparation process of HGPF and to evaluate the influence of each processing parameter on the final conducted characteristics. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) has been utilized to examine the influence of the main process parameters, on the compressive strength, and the physical characteristics of the samples with final aim to optimize the preparation process. The study involved investigation of batch (0.2 of K2O). The studied parameters were (silica content, water amount, OPC%, H2O2 %, and Olive oil %).