bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcranial eddy current damping sensors for detection and imaging of hemorrhagic stroke: feasibility in benchtop experimentation
Authors: Shahrestani Shane , Strickland Ben A. , Bakhsheshian Joshua , Mack William J. , Toga Arthur W. , Sanossian Nerses , Tai Yu-Chong , Zada Gabriel 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage occurs in an estimated 10% of stroke patients, with high rates of associated mortality. Portable diagnostic technologies that can quickly and noninvasively detect hemorrhagic stroke may prevent unnecessary delay in patient care and help rapidly triage patients with ischemic versus hemorrhagic stroke. As such, the authors aimed to develop a rapid and portable eddy current damping (ECD) hemorrhagic stroke sensor for proposed in-field diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke.

METHODS
A tricoil ECD sensor with microtesla-level magnetic field strengths was constructed. Sixteen gelatin brain models with identical electrical properties to live brain tissue were developed and placed within phantom skull replicas, and saline was diluted to the conductivity of blood and placed within the brain to simulate a hemorrhage. The ECD sensor was used to detect modeled hemorrhages on benchtop models. Data were saved and plotted as a filtered heatmap to represent the lesion location. The individuals performing the scanning were blinded to the bleed location, and sensors were tangentially rotated around the skull models to localize blood. Data were also used to create heatmap images using MATLAB software.

RESULTS
The sensor was portable (11.4-cm maximum diameter), compact, and cost roughly $100 to manufacture. Scanning time was 2.43 minutes, and heatmap images of the lesion were produced in near real time. The ECD sensor accurately predicted the location of a modeled hemorrhage in all (n = 16) benchtop experiments with excellent spatial resolution.

CONCLUSIONS
Benchtop experiments demonstrated the proof of concept of the ECD sensor for rapid transcranial hemorrhagic stroke diagnosis. Future studies with live human participants are warranted to fully establish the feasibility findings derived from this study.
A systematic review of next-generation point-of-care stroke diagnostic technologies
Authors: Shahrestani Shane , Wishart Danielle , Han Sung Min J. , Strickland Ben A. , Bakhsheshian Joshua , Mack William J. , Toga Arthur W. , Sanossian Nerses , Tai Yu-Chong , Zada Gabriel 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Current diagnostic modalities include CT and MRI. Over the last decade, novel technologies to facilitate stroke diagnosis, with the hope of shortening time to treatment and reducing rates of morbidity and mortality, have been developed. The authors conducted a systematic review to identify studies reporting on next-generation point-of-care stroke diagnostic technologies described within the last decade.

METHODS
A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines to identify studies reporting noninvasive stroke diagnostics. The QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2) tool was utilized to assess risk of bias. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were utilized. Primary outcomes assessed included accuracy and timing compared with standard imaging, potential risks or complications, potential limitations, cost of the technology, size/portability, and range/size of detection.

RESULTS
Of the 2646 reviewed articles, 19 studies met the inclusion criteria and included the following modalities of noninvasive stoke detection: microwave technology (6 studies, 31.6%), electroencephalography (EEG; 4 studies, 21.1%), ultrasonography (3 studies, 15.8%), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS; 2 studies, 10.5%), portable MRI devices (2 studies, 10.5%), volumetric impedance phase-shift spectroscopy (VIPS; 1 study, 5.3%), and eddy current damping (1 study, 5.3%). Notable medical devices that accurately predicted stroke in this review were EEG-based diagnosis, with a maximum sensitivity of 91.7% for predicting a stroke, microwave-based diagnosis, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.88 for differentiating ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), ultrasound with an AUC of 0.92, VIPS with an AUC of 0.93, and portable MRI with a diagnostic accuracy similar to that of traditional MRI. NIRS offers significant potential for more superficially located hemorrhage but is limited in detecting deep-seated ICH (2.5-cm scanning depth).

CONCLUSIONS
As technology and computational resources have advanced, several novel point-of-care medical devices show promise in facilitating rapid stroke diagnosis, with the potential for improving time to treatment and informing prehospital stroke triage.
Decompressive craniectomy for internal carotid artery and middle carotid artery infarctions: a long-term comparative outcome study
Authors: Lim Jia Xu , Vedicherla Srujana Venkata , Chan Shu Kiat Sukit , Primalani Nishal Kishinchand , Tan Audrey J. L. , Saffari Seyed Ehsan , Lee Lester 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Malignant internal carotid artery (ICA) infarction is an entirely different disease entity when compared with middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. Because of an increased area of infarction, it is assumed to have a poorer prognosis; however, this has never been adequately investigated. Decompressive craniectomy (DC) for malignant MCA infarction has been shown to improve mortality rates in several randomized controlled trials. Conversely, aggressive surgical decompression for ICA infarction has not been recommended. The authors sought to compare the functional outcomes and survival between patients with ICA infarctions and those with MCA infarctions after DC in the largest series to date to investigate this assumption.

METHODS
A multicenter retrospective review of 154 consecutive DCs for large territory cerebral infarctions performed from 2005 to 2020 were analyzed. Patients were divided into ICA and MCA groups depending on the territory of infarction. Variables, including age, sex, medical comorbidities, laterality of the infarction, preoperative neurological status, primary stroke treatment, and the time from stroke onset to DC, were recorded. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed for the clinical exposures for functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score) on discharge and at the 1- and 6-month follow-ups, and for mortality, both inpatient and at the 1-year follow-up. A favorable mRS score was defined as 0–2.

RESULTS
There were 67 patients (43.5%) and 87 patients (56.5%) in the ICA and MCA groups, respectively. Univariable analysis showed that the ICA group had a comparably favorable mRS (OR 0.15 [95% CI 0.18–1.21], p = 0.077). Inpatient mortality (OR 1.79 [95% CI 0.79–4.03], p = 0.16) and 1-year mortality (OR 2.07 [95% CI 0.98–4.37], p = 0.054) were comparable between the groups. After adjustment, a favorable mRS score at 6 months (OR 0.17 [95% CI 0.018–1.59], p = 0.12), inpatient mortality (OR 1.02 [95% CI 0.29–3.57], p = 0.97), and 1-year mortality (OR 0.94 [95% CI 0.41–2.69], p = 0.88) were similar in both groups. The overall survival, plotted using the Cox proportional hazard regression, did not show a significant difference between the ICA and MCA groups (HR 0.581).

CONCLUSIONS
Unlike previous smaller studies, this study found that patients with malignant ICA infarction had a functional outcome and survival that was similar to those with MCA infarction after DC. Therefore, DC can be offered for malignant ICA infarction for life-saving purposes with limited functional recovery.
Does stroke etiology influence outcome in the posterior circulation? An analysis of 107 consecutive acute basilar occlusion thrombectomies
Authors: Sefcik Roberta K. , Tonetti Daniel A. , Desai Shashvat M. , Casillo Stephanie M. , Lang Michael J. , Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Gross Bradley A. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) harbors a more guarded prognosis after thrombectomy compared with anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion. Whether this is a function of a greater proportion of atherosclerotic/intrinsic lesions is not well studied. The authors aimed to elucidate the prevalence and predictors of intracranial intrinsic atherosclerotic disease in patients with acute BAO and to compare angiographic and clinical outcomes between patients with BAO secondary to embolic versus intrinsic disease.

METHODS
A prospectively maintained stroke database was reviewed for all patients presenting between January 2013 and December 2019 to a tertiary care academic comprehensive stroke center with acute, nontandem BAO. Patient data were extracted, subdivided by stroke mechanism and treatment modality (embolic [thrombectomy only] and intrinsic [thrombectomy + stenting]), and angiographic and clinical results were compared.

RESULTS
Of 107 patients, 83 (78%) had embolic occlusions (thrombectomy only) and 24 (22%) had intrinsic disease (thrombectomy + stenting). There was no significant difference in patient age, presenting National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, time to presentation, selected medical comorbidities (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation), prior stroke, and posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score. Patients with intrinsic disease were more likely to be active smokers (50% vs 26%, p = 0.04) and more likely to be male (88% vs 48%, p = 0.001). Successful recanalization, defined as a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) grade of 2b or 3, was achieved in 90% of patients and did not differ significantly between the embolic versus intrinsic groups (89% vs 92%, p > 0.99). A 90-day good outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 0–2) was found in 37% of patients overall and did not differ significantly between the two groups (36% vs 41%, p = 0.41). Mortality was 40% overall and did not significantly differ between groups (41% vs 36%, p = 0.45).

CONCLUSIONS
In the current study, demographic and clinical results for acute BAO showed that compared with intrinsic disease, thromboembolic disease is a more common mechanism of acute BAO, with 78% of patients undergoing thrombectomy alone. However, there was no significant difference in revascularization and outcome results between patients with embolic disease and those with intrinsic disease.
Posterior interhemispheric occipital transtentorial approach for resection of a falcotentorial meningioma
Authors: Srinivasan Visish M. , Catapano Joshua S. , Sheehy John P. , Labib Mohamed A. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: July 2021

Falcotentorial meningiomas arise along the junction of the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli. The authors present a woman in her 60s with an incidentally discovered falcotentorial meningioma, approximately 3 cm in diameter, resected with a torcular craniotomy and posterior interhemispheric approach. The galenic complex was dissected away from the tumor. In the final view, the bilateral internal cerebral veins and basal veins of Rosenthal were seen. A Simpson grade I resection was achieved. The patient experienced transient contralateral hemianopsia and was discharged home. At 1-year follow-up, her neurological examination findings were unremarkable, and there was no radiographic evidence of tumor.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.4.FOCVID2125.
Interhemispheric transcallosal transchoroidal approach to a pineal teratoma in a 15-year-old boy
Authors: Cinalli Giuseppe , Scala Maria Rosaria , Marini Alessandra , Imperato Alessia , Mirone Giuseppe , Spennato Pietro 
Published: July 2021

In this video, the authors present an interhemispheric transcallosal transchoroidal approach to a pineal mass in a 15-year-old boy. He received emergency endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), then an endoscopic biopsy that revealed an immature teratoma. Surgical removal was selected. The mass was located very high in the posterior third ventricle, hidden behind the splenium of the corpus callosum and the vein of Galen, so an interhemispheric transcallosal approach followed by a complete dissection of the whole choroidal fissure was chosen and allowed complete removal of the tumor. Microsurgical dissection is presented, showing clearly in detail all the neurovascular structures encountered.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.4.FOCVID2126.
Resection of a pineal region papillary tumor using robotic exoscope: improved visualization and ergonomics for deep seeded tumor
Authors: Huff Wei X. , Witten Andrew J. , Shah Mitesh V. 
Published: July 2021

Surgery for pineal region tumors is technically challenging due to their deep location and close proximity to critical deep venous structures, midbrain, and thalamus. A high-definition video exoscope was recently proposed as an alternative to the operating microscope. The authors illustrate a case of the midline supracerebellar infratentorial approach to resect a pineal region tumor using the Modus V exoscope and demonstrate the improved visualization of critical structures in this deep location. Additionally, the marked improvement in surgeon comfort suggests that this system may have significant advantages over traditional microscope-based surgery for tumors of the pineal region.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.4.FOCVID2127.
Occipital posterior interhemispheric supratentorial approach for resection of midbrain cavernous malformation
Authors: Elarjani Turki , Khan Nickalus R. , Sur Samir , Morcos Jacques J. 
Published: July 2021

Approaches to the pineal region are various, and each has its advantages and disadvantages. The authors present a case of a 50-year-old woman who presented with progressive hemiparesis and vertical gaze palsy; she was diagnosed with a midbrain cavernous malformation. The patient underwent an occipital posterior interhemispheric supratentorial transpineal approach with gross-total resection. On long-term follow-up, her symptoms significantly improved. The authors review the regional anatomy and present the operative video. They also discuss the various approaches with their indications, advantages, and disadvantages.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.4.FOCVID2133.
Resection of a recurrent pineal region teratoma via a posterior interhemispheric transcallosal approach
Authors: Hersh David S. , Boop Scott , Boop Frederick A. 
Published: July 2021

The authors describe the unusual case of a 6-year-old boy presenting with decorticate posturing, diminished hearing, and an inability to open his eyes, despite being verbally responsive. He underwent a posterior interhemispheric transcallosal intervenous approach for resection of a pineal region mature teratoma, which recurred 2 years postoperatively. This video demonstrates his initial surgery and reresection, illustrating the value of this approach for more complex lesions that involve the internal cerebral veins (ICVs). At the time of recurrence, microsurgical dissection of the scarred interhemispheric fissure was required to facilitate removal of the multifocal recurrent teratoma, resulting in gross-total resection.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.4.FOCVID2134.
PROBLEM BASED E-LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA DI SMA
Authors: Ariyati Puji , Sukrawarpala I Wayan , Santyasa I Wayan 
Published: July 2021

Many concepts of chemistry about abstract things that require strong understanding to the concepts by relating it in daily life. Its implementation does not only have to be directly face to face, but also can be through e-learning. The aim of this study is at describing the differences in the influence of the Problem-Based e-Learning (PBeL) model with Direct e-learning (DeL) model on critical thinking skills and chemistry learning achievement. This quasi-experimental study was applied in which thepretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design, involving 3 classes (95 students) of Class X MIPA SMAN-1 Bebandem. The study sample consisted of 2 classes (64 students). Critical thinking skills and chemistry learning achievement data were obtained from the critical thinking skills test scores and chemistry learning achievement. Data were analyzed descriptively by using one-way MANCOVA. The results showed that, there were significant differences in: (1) critical thinking skills and learning achievement together between students learning with PBeL and DeL models (F= 26,363; p<0.05); (2) critical thinking skills between students learning with PBeL and DeL models (F= 36,278; p<0.05); (3) learning achievement between students learning with PBeL and DeL models (F= 9,859; p <0.05). PBeL model has a greater effect than DeL on critical thinking skills and Chemistry learning achievement of class X students of SMAN-1 Bebandem AbstrakBanyak konsep kimia tentang hal-hal abstrak yang memerlukan pemahaman yang kuat dengan mengaitkannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pelaksanaannya tidak harus secara tatap muka tetapi bisa melalui e-Learning. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan perbedaan pengaruh model Problem-Based e-Learning (PBeL) dengan model Direct e-Learning (DeL) terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan prestasi atau hasil belajar Kimia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experiment) dengan pre-test and post-test non-equivalent control group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 3 kelas paralel (95 siswa) kelas X MIPA SMAN-1 Bebandem. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 kelas paralel (64 siswa). Data keterampilan berpikir kritis dan prestasi/hasil belajar kimia diperoleh dari skor tes keterampilan berpikir kritis dan prestasi/hasil belajar Kimia. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan MANCOVA satu jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada (1) keterampilan berpikir kritis dan prestasi/hasil belajar secara bersama-sama antara peserta didik yang belajar dengan model PBeL dan DeL (F=26,363; p<0,05), (2) keterampilan berpikir kritis antara peserta didik yang belajar dengan model PBeL dan DeL (F=36,278; p<0,05); dan (3) prestasi/hasil belajar Kimia antara peserta didik yang belajar dengan model PBeL dan DeL (F = 9,859; p<0,05). Model PBeL berpengaruh lebih besar dibandingkan dengan DeL terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan prestasi/hasil belajar Kimia siswa kelas X SMAN-1 Bebandem.
Gambaran Perilaku Burnout di SMP Negeri 2 Pedamaran
Authors: Trisnawati Febta 
Published: July 2021

Berdasarkan data dan informasi yang didapatkan oleh peneliti melalui observasi bahwa siswa sering mengalami malas dan jenuh untuk belajar dikarenakan pembelajaran yang diberikan kurang menarik dan pemberian pelajaran monoton seperti di suruh meringkas dengan banyak halaman serta tidak disertai dengan penjelasan dari guru yang mengajar sehingga tindakan-tindakan untuk merespon kejenuhannya dengan cara tidak masuk kelas dan suka membolos duduk dikantin sekolah dan tidur di dalam kelas saat sedang ada pelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil presentase siswa pada gambaran perilaku burnout di SMP Negeri 2 Pedamaran dan juga untuk mengetahui perilaku burnout pada siswa laki-laki dan perempuan di SMP Negeri 2 Pedamaran dan juga untuk mengetahui implikasi bimbingan dan konseling terhadap gambaran perilaku burnout di SMP Negeri 2 Pedamaran. penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi sebanyak 120 siswa dari kelas IX. dan sampel diambil dari 60 siswa kelas IX.3 dan kelas IX.4 Sebanyak 60 siswa. Analisis data menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, rumus untuk menghitung persentase dengan rumus norma kategori presentase dan interpretasi skor. Hasil penelitian persentase perilaku burnout di SMP Negeri 2 Pedamaran adalah sangat tinggi (ST)Â 40%, tinggi (T) 45%, sedang (S) 10%, rendah (R) 5%, sedangkan sangat rendah (SR) 0% tidak ada. Sedangkan implikasi bimbingan dan konseling guru tetap memberikan arahan agar perilaku burnout tidak terjadi meningkat seperti melakukan sosialisasi mengenai dampak perilaku kejenuhan dan memberikan motivasi agar para siswa memiliki pengetahuan.
Gambaran Self Control Siswa Pelanggar Tata Tertib Sekolah di SMA Negeri 1 Lubai
Authors: Pranata Deni , Ferdiansyah Muhammad , Sari Syska Purnama 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan ditemukannya siswa yang melanggar tata tertib sekolah karena self control yang dimilki rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar persentase gambaran self control siswa pelanggar tata tertib sekolah di SMA Negeri 1 Lubai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik persentase.Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 70 siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Lubai yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa instrumen angket kemampuan self control siswa. Analisis datanya menggunakan rumus Persentase.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa self control siswa pelanggar tata tertib sekolah di SMA Negeri 1 Lubai berada yang terdiri dari 70 siswa sebagian besar mereka berada pada kategori rendah (R) dengan jumlah frekuensi 54 siswa atau dapat dipersentasekan dengan nilai 77,1%. Selanjutnya disusul pada kategori sangat rendah Â (SR) dengan jumlah frekuensi 10 siswa yang dapat dipersentasekan dengan nilai 14.3%. Kemudian Self-control siswa berada pada kategori sedang (S) dengan jumlah frekuensi 6 siswa yang dapat dipersentasekan dengan nilai 8.6% dan tidak ada siswa yang berada pada kotegori tinggi dan sangat tinggi. Berdasarkan data diatas maka rata-rata Self-control siswa Pelanggar Tata Tertib kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Lubai berada pada kategori rendah sehingga diharapkan bisa menjadi acuan untuk guru bimbingan dan konseling dalam memberikan program layanan bimbingan dan konseling disekolah.Â Kata kunci: Self Control, Pelanggar Tata Tertib.
Pengaruh Latar Belakang Pendidikan Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling Terhadap Pelaksanaan Layanan pada Siswa SMK Negeri 1 Benakat
Authors: Embet Embet , Harapan Edi , Putri Ramtia Darma 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latar belakang pendidikan guru bimbingan dan konseling terhadap pelaksanaan layanan pada siswa SMK Negeri 1 Benakat. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah guru di SMK Negeri 1 Benakat. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini secara Totally Samplingsebanyak 3 orang guru bimbingan dan konseling di SMK Negeri 1 Benakat. Metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus regresi linier sederhana. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai thitung 4,426 sedangkan nilai ttabel = 2,042. Dengan demikian thitung> ttabel atau 4,426 >2,042 untuk taraf signifikan 5%.Â Hipotesis yang berbunyi â€œada pengaruh latar belakang pendidikan guru bimbingan dan konseling terhadap pelaksanaan layanan pada siswa SMK Negeri 1 Benakatâ€ dapat diterima.