bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Previous Stenting Doesn’t Affect Outcome of Extensive Endarterectomy for Diffuse Coronary Artery Total Occlusions: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Singab Hamdy , Sami Gamal 
Published: March 2021

Background and aim: Extensive diffuse coronary artery total occlusions (CTOs) constitute a challenging surgical problem. Extensive coronary endarterectomy (CE) combined with CABG was suggested as a revascularization technique. It was claimed that previous stenting may affect outcome. The present study aimed to report the outcome of LAD endarterectomy for CTO and to determine the effect of previous stenting on this outcome.
Patients and methods: The present retrospective study was conducted on 194 patients with CTO indicated for left anterior descending artery (LAD) endarterectomy. To reduce the bias related to unbalanced patients selection, propensity score matching analysis was used. According to the propensity score, 194 patients were included in the analysis. They comprised 66 patients with previous stent and 128 patients without previous stent. Patients were followed for a median (range) of 74.0 (6.0-149.0) months. The primary study outcome was LAD graft patency. Other outcome parameters included postoperative complications, hospital and ICU stay, and mortality.
Results: Comparison between the studied groups regarding outcome parameters revealed no significant differences regarding graft patency (93.9% versus 89.1%; P = .27), graft survival (median [95% CI]: 134.3 months [127.0-141.5] versus 135.2 months [128.4-142.0]; P = .35), patients’ survival (93.9% versus 91.4%) and patients’ survival time (median [95% CI]: 132.3 months [125.0-139.5] versus 138.0 months [132.0-144.1]; P = .75].
Conclusion: The present study supports using CE as an adjuvant technique with CABG in patients with TCOs.

Patients and methods: The present retrospective study was conducted on 194 patients with CTO indicated for left anterior descending artery (LAD) endarterectomy. To reduce the bias related to unbalanced patients selection, propensity score matching analysis was used. According to the propensity score, 194 patients were included in the analysis. They comprised 66 patients with previous stent and 128 patients without previous stent. Patients were followed for a median (range) of 74.0 (6.0-149.0) months. The primary study outcome was LAD graft patency. Other outcome parameters included postoperative complications, hospital and ICU stay and mortality.

Results: Comparison between the studied groups regarding outcome parameters revealed no significant differences regarding graft patency (93.9 % versus 89.1; p=0.27), graft survival [median (95% CI): 134.3 months (127.0-141.5) versus 135.2 months (128.4-142.0); p=0.35], patients’ survival (93.9 % versus 91.4 %) and patients’ survival time [median (95% CI): (132.3 months (125.0-139.5) versus 138.0 months (132.0-144.1); p= 0.75].

Conclusions: The present study supports use CE as an adjuvant technique with CABG in patients with TCOs.
Finite element analysis and neural network investigation of box columns under climate change
Authors: Hashemi Fereshteh , Jafari Faezeh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe behavior of box-shaped columns under heating is investigated. For this purpose, the various sections of thin-wall box-shaped columns were modeled and verified in different temperature ranges by ABAQUS software. The results of this research showed that increasing the thickness leads to increase the buckling stability of column under temperature change. Since the behavior of column will be better than thinner columns under climate change because of the increase in the modulus of elasticity. The solid columns have better buckling stability than hollow columns in normal conditions.
¿Qué significa "escribir en Maryse Condé"?
Authors: Alonso Moreno Martha Asunción 
Published: March 2021

Resulta obligado, con el fin de aprehender la especificidad del universo de la narradora guadalupeña Maryse Condé (Pointe-à-Pitre, 1937), abordar el estudio de la lengua propia empleada en sus trabajos. Así parece sugerirlo, de hecho, la propia autora, al repetir incansable en entrevistas concedidas desde los años 80 hasta la actualidad una máxima que ya se ha hecho célebre en el panorama francófono literario: “Ni escribo en francés, ni escribo en criollo: escribo en Maryse Condé” (Pfaff, 2016, 64). Pero, ¿qué significa, más allá de la exitosa metáfora, “escribir en Maryse Condé”? En un plano primeramente formal, ¿qué caracteriza a esa lengua de creación personal e intransferible? Y, en segundo lugar, ¿qué bagaje político vehiculan esos rasgos lingüísticos únicos? Estas serán las principales preguntas para las que intentaremos ofrecer elementos de eventual respuesta a lo largo del presente artículo.Con tal fin, acometeremos el estudio empírico de los créolismes condeanos más recurrentes en un corpus de obras representativas de la producción narrativa de Maryse Condé, clasificándolos en categorías semánticas y analizando las implicaciones simbólicas de las mismas.
The Internalization of Attitude and Values: Comparison Study in PTKIN and PTKIS
Authors: Ahmadi Ahmadi , Basuki Basuki , Irawan Edi 
Published: March 2021

Abstrak: Internalisasisikapdan nilai-nilai merupakan aspek penting dari pendidikan tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pola internalisasi aspek sikap dan nilai-nilai di lembaga pendidikan tinggi agama.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode multi kasus.Subjek penelitian ini adalah IAIN Ponorogo dan INSURI Ponorogo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) internalisasi sikap dan nilai-nilai lebih mungkin melalui kegiatan pendidikan dan pengajaran; 2) proses internalisasi di INSURI Ponorogo cenderung menggunakan strategi teladan, habituasi, dan intervensi sedangkan di IAIN Ponorogo cenderung menggunakan teladan, habituasi, intervensi, dan strategi penguatan; 3) Secara umum, hasil proses internalisasi aspek sikap dan nilai-nilai di IAIN Ponorogo cenderung tertanam dan mulai berkembang, sedangkan di INSURI Ponorogo beberapa sudah mulai berkembang dan beberapa lainnya baru mulai terlihat. ملخض : يعد استيعاب المواقف والقيم جانباً مهماً في التعليم العالي. الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو وصف نمط استيعاب جوانب المواقف والقيم في مؤسسات التعليم الديني. يستخدم هذا البحث مقاربة نوعية مع أسلوب متعدد الحالات. مواضيع هذا البحث هي IAIN Ponorogo و INSURI Ponorogo. أظهرت النتائج ما يلي: 1) أن استيعاب المواقف والقيم كان أكثر ترجيحًا من خلال أنشطة التعليم والتدريس ؛ 2) تميل عملية الاستيعاب في INSURI Ponorogo إلى استخدام الاستراتيجيات المثالية والتوظيف والتدخل بينما في IAIN Ponorogo تميل إلى استخدام الاستراتيجيات المثالية والتوظيف والتدخل وتعزيز الاستراتيجيات ؛ 3) بشكل عام ، تميل نتائج عملية استيعاب جوانب المواقف والقيم في IAIN Ponorogo إلى أن تكون راسخة وبدأت في التطور ، بينما في INSURI Ponorogo بدأ البعض في التطور وبدأ البعض الآخر في الظهور.
Rehydration of Dried Mushroom Specimens With Aerosol OT&nbsp;for Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Koch Janina Antonia , Fischer Alicia , Manz Cathrin , Rexer Karl-Heinz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Morphological, anatomical and ultrastructural characteristics are important for taxonomical and phylogenetic studies of fungi. For scanning electron microscopy, usually only dry voucher specimens are available. For dried plant material, Aerosol OT has been shown to be a suitable rehydration agent for SEM preparation. For swelling and stabilization of fungal cells, however, this simple method does not yield satisfactory results. Here, we show that a combination of Aerosol OT with ultrasonic bath and rehydration in a vacuum desiccator is a good method to distend fungal cells like basidiospores, pleuro- and cheilocystidia for SEM analysis. Tissues of several species of Agaricomycetes with diverse morphological structures were exposed to the treatment. Diverse concentrations of Aerosol OT as well as treatments in an ultrasonic bath and a vacuum desiccator were tested to optimize the surface reconstruction and to reduce preparation artefacts. The evaluated rehydration method is a cheap, quick and nontoxic method to prepare dried specimens of fungal cells for SEM analysis.
Rv3737 Is Required for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Growth in Vitro and in Vivo and Correlates With Bacterial Load and Disease Severity in Human Tuberculosis
Authors: Li Qing , Peng Zhangli , Fu Xuefeng , Wang Hong , Zhao Zhaoliang , Pang Yu , Chen Ling 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Arms:Rv3737 is the sole homologueof multifunctionaltransporter ThrEin Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether this transporter participates in vitroand in vivosurvival of Mtb.Methods:To characterize the role of Rv3737, we constructed and characterized a Mtb H37RvΔRv3737. This strain was evaluated for altered growth rate and macrophage survivalusing acell model of infection. In addition, the comparative analysis was conducted to determine the association between Rv3737mRNA expression and disease severity in active pulmonary TB patients. Results:The H37RvΔRv3737 strain exhibited significantlyslow growth rate compared to H37Rv-WT strain in standard culture medium. Additionally, the survival rate of H37Rv-WTstrain in macrophages was 2 folds higher than that of H37RvΔRv3737 at 72 h. A significantlyhigher level of TNF-αand IL-6mRNA expression was observed in macrophages infected with H37RvΔRv3737 as compared to H37Rv-WT. Of note, Rv3737 expression was significantly increased in clinical Mtbisolates than H37Rv-WT. The relative expression level of Rv3737 was positively correlated with lung cavity numberof TB patients. Similarly, the higher Rv3737 mRNA level resulted in lower C(t) value by Xpert MTB/RIF assay, demonstrating that a positive correlation between Rv3737 expression and bacterial load in TB patients. Conclusions: Our data takes the lead indemonstrate that the transporter Rv3737 is required for in vitrogrowth and survival of bacteria inside macrophages. In addition, the expression level of Rv3737 is associated with bacterial load and disease severity inpulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Country of Birth (Nativity)&nbsp;and Cancer Diagnosis: Findings From The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018
Authors: McRoy Luceta , Epane Josue , Ramamonjiarivelo Zo , Zengul Ferhat , Weech-Maldonado Robert , Rust George 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Cancer incidence in the US remains higher among certain groups, regions, and communities and there are variations based on nativity. Research has primarily focused on specific groups and types of cancer. This study expands on previous studies to explore the relationship between country of birth (nativity) and all cancer site incidences among US and foreign-born residents using a nationally representative sample.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of (unweighted n= 22,554; weighted n =231,175,933) participants between the ages of 20 and 80 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. Using weighted logistic regressions, we analyzed the impact of nativity on self-reported cancer diagnosis controlling for routine care, smoking status, overweight, race/ethnicity, age, and gender. We ran a partial model, adjusting only for age as a covariate, and a full model with all other covariates.Results: In the partial and full models, our findings indicate that US-born individuals were more likely to report a cancer diagnosis compared to their foreign-born counterparts (OR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.93; 2.84], p<0.01), and (OR=1. 39, 95 % CI [1.05; 1.84], p < 0.05), respectively. There was a significant association between cancer diagnosis and routine care (OR=1.48, 95% [1.14; 1.93], p<0.01), overweight (OR=1.16, 95% CI [1.01; 1.34], p<0.05), and smoking status (OR=1.30, 95% CI [1.13; 1.49], p<0.01). Race/ethnicity, age and gender were also significantly associated with cancer diagnosis.Conclusion: A variety of factors may reflect lower cancer diagnosis in foreign-born individuals in the US other than a healthy immigrant advantage, including environmental factors.
Association Between Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Advance Directives in Emergency Services
Authors: Poveda-Moral Silvia , Casa Pilar José-Maria de la , Sánchez-Valero Pere , Pomares-Quintana Núria , Vicente-García Mireia , Falcó-Pegueroles Anna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aim: To assess the levels and relationship of knowledge and attitudes of nursing and medical professionals towards advance directives in hospital emergency departments and emergency medical services, and determine the correlated and predictor variables of favourable attitudes towards advance directives.Design: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was conducted in the emergency department of a second-level hospital and in the emergency medical service. Data collection was performed from January 2019 to February 2020. The guidelines STROBE were followed for the preparation of the study.Results: A total of 173 responses were obtained. Among them, 91.3% considered that they were not sufficiently informed about advance directives, and 74% acknowledged not having incorporated them into their usual practice. The multinomial analysis indicated a statistically significant relationship between (a) the variables age and emergency service and (b) having more favourable attitudes on the part of the professionals by consulting their patients (OR 1.07 [95% CI: 1.02-1.12]; p = 0.003) and compliance with patient advance directives (OR 3.53 [95% CI: 1.64-7.61]; p = 0.001). The fact of working the afternoon shift was a predictor variable for obtaining a higher score with respect to attitudes in complex scenarios.Conclusion: Implementing the consultation of patient advance directives in practice makes it possible to adjust decision-making to the wishes and preferences of the patients served, probably reducing the ethical and legal conflicts generated in the context of emergency services.
Capsule Endoscopy in the Detection of Non-Small Bowel Lesions Missed by Endoscopy
Authors: Calabrese Carlo , Gelli Dania , Dussias Nikolas , Melotti Laura , Peruzzi Giulia , Salice Marco , Rizzello Fernando , Gionchetti Paolo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background and aims: Capsule endoscopy (CE) is indicated in cases with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). However, lesions detected by CE are frequently within the reach of conventional upper or lower GI endoscopy. We evaluated the accuracy of CE in the study of OGIB, examining the incidence of CE-detected non-small-bowel lesions (NSBL) missed by conventional endoscopy and studying its impact on patient management.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 2010 CE procedures performed in a tertiary-care center (IBD-Unit Referral Centre in Bologna), comparing the findings on CE to those on prior colonoscopy and upper GI endoscopy performed within 3 months and two weeks of the CE procedure, respectively. We evaluated the impact of CE findings on patient management.Results: CE revealed abnormal findings in 1608 out of 2010 patients. Previously missed NSBLs were revealed on CE in 283 cases. Of these, 265 pre-CE endoscopic reports were found to not conform to reporting guidelines. NSBLs on CE led to management changes in 271 patients.Conclusion: This study confirms the utility of CE in patients with OGIB. However, in a considerable number of cases, CE identified lesions missed by conventional endoscopy, suggesting that a second look prior to CE may be appropriate in some patients.Name of registry and the registration number: The study protocol was approved by the Comitato Etico Indipendente dell’AOU di Bologna (n°173/2017/O/OssN)
Translation and Cultural Adaptation of adult PROMIS Physical Function Short Forms into Simplified Chinese
Authors: Huang Yueshi , Zhang Xiaoju , Yang Yang , Cai Tingting , Zhang Wen , Zhu Rui , Huang Qingmei , Wu Fulei , Sheng Zhiren , Yuan Changrong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) has been proven to be an effective and efficient measurement tool and has entered its global promotion phase. Our research team was authorized by the PROMIS Health Organization to translate five adult Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) physical function short forms (4a, 6b, 8b, 8c, and 8c 7-Day) to ensure the conceptual and semantical equivalence to the source and pretest them in a Chinese population for cultural adaptation.Methods: The translation was conducted following the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) methodology, which mainly includes forward translation, reconciliation, back-translation, expert reviews, cognitive testing, and linguistic validation, etc. And cognitive interview was used to pretest the translated items in Chinese patients with cancer and a healthy population.Results: The translation process was relatively smooth, except for some translated versions that slightly altered some word choices or sentence structures. Subsequent pre-testing of the Simplified Chinese short forms showed that clarifying or laying emphasis on the time frame in the instructions was needful, and two sets of response categories and one item stem needed some slight revisions due to cultural or language discrepancies.Conclusion: The translation and linguistic validation of five adult PROMIS physical function short forms into Simplified Chinese have been completed, and field testing, calibration, and psychometric testing are pending.
Insecticide resistance outpaces behavioural adaptation, as a response to Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net distribution, in malaria vectors in Burkina Faso.
Authors: Sanou Antoine , Nelli Luca , Guelbéogo Moussa , Cissé Fatoumata , Tapsoba Madou , Ouédraogo Pierre , Sagnon N’falé , Ranson Hilary , Matthiopoulos Jason , Ferguson Heather 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The decline in malaria across Africa has been largely attributed to vector control using Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs). However, this intervention has prompted widespread insecticide resistance (IR) and been associated with changes in mosquito behaviour that reduce their contact with LLINs. The relative importance and rate at which IR and behavioural adaptations emerge are poorly understood. We conducted surveillance of mosquito behaviour and IR at 12 sites in Burkina Faso to assess the magnitude and temporal dynamics of insecticide and behavioural resistance in vectors in the 2-year following mass LLIN distribution. Insecticide resistance was present in all vector populations and increased rapidly over the study. In contrast, no longitudinal shifts in LLIN-avoidance behaviours (earlier or outdoor biting and resting) were detected. There was a moderate shift in vector species composition from Anopheles coluzzii to Anopheles gambiae which coincided with a reduction in the proportion of bites preventable by LLINs; possibly driven by between-species variation in behaviour. These findings indicate that adaptations based on insecticide resistance arise and intensify more rapidly than behavioural shifts within mosquito vectors. However, longitudinal shifts in mosquito vector species composition were evident within 2 years following a mass LLIN distribution. This ecological shift was characterized by a relative increase in the moderately more exophagic species (An. gambiae) and coincided with a predicted decline in the degree of protection expected from LLINs. Although human exposure fell through the study period due to reducing vector densities and infection rates, such ecological shifts in vector species along with insecticide resistance were likely to have eroded the efficacy of LLINs. While both adaptations impact malaria control, the rapid increase of the former indicates it is the most rapid strategy but interventions targeting both will be needed.
Title: Long-term health related quality of life following Uterine Fibroid Embolization 1 in a predominantly black African population: A retrospective Cohort study
Authors: Temmerman Marleen , Obura Timona , Lusambili Adelaide , Kioko Michael 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is one of the effective options available for treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids with documented improvement in the quality of life and reduction in symptoms. Most of the studies have demonstrated an improvement in the quality of life over a short to intermediate period. We carried out this study to assess the long-term quality of life following uterine fibroid embolization in a predominantly black population. There are no identified studies locally or in Africa addressing this issue whereas studies done elsewhere indicate a probable increased fibroid disease burden among black women. Methods: This was a retrospective single cohort study that recruited patients who had UFE between 2009-2014. Study participants were sampled consecutively, invited to the study and asked to fill an online general demographic tool and the UFS-QOL. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were done to test for statistical significance between HRQOL scores. Pearson correlation analysis was carried out to evaluate possible association between various independent factors and specific outcomes of interest such as quality of life and symptom severity score. Results: Data was obtained from 77 participants. The median duration after the initial UFE was eight years. The median health related quality of life was 88.6 (62.9-98.3). This was statistically significant from baseline median scores of similar studies. The median symptom severity score decreased from a baseline score of 54.7 (43.8-65.6) to 21.9 (6.3-42.2). This decrease was statistically significant (p-value <0.001). Twenty-four participants (31.1%) reported follow up fibroid treatments after the initial UFE procedure. Eleven participants (14.3%) reported major repeat procedures (myomectomy, hysterectomy and UFE) .Seventeen participants (22%) reported a pregnancy after the UFE procedure with ten participants (13 %) reporting to have had children after the UFE procedure. Conclusion: UFE results in clinically sustained improvement in health related quality of life and symptom control among patients with uterine fibroids.
Quantification of energy input required for chitin nanocrystal aggregate size reduction through ultrasound
Authors: Colijn Ivanna , Fokkink Remco , Schroën Karin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nanoparticles have been claimed to contribute efficiently to e.g. the mechanical strength of composite materials when present as individual particles. However, these particles tend to aggregate. In this paper we prepare nanocrystals from chitin, a product with high potential added value for application in bio-based materials, and investigate the effect of ultrasound on de-aggregation. Chitin nanocrystals with a length ~ 200 nm and a diameter ~ 15 nm, were obtained via acid hydrolysis of crude chitin powder. Freeze drying resulted in severe aggregation and after redispersion sizes up to ~ 200 µm were found. Ultrasound treatment was applied and break up behaviour was investigated using static light scattering, dynamic light scattering, and laser diffraction. Our results suggest that the cumulative energy input was the dominant factor for chitin nanocrystal aggregate breakup. When a critical energy barrier of ~ 100 kJ / g chitin nanocrystals was exceeded, the chitin nanocrystal aggregates broke down to nanometre range. The break up was mostly a result of fragmentation: the aggregation energy of chitin nanocrystal aggregates was quantified to be ~ 370 kJ / g chitin nanocrystals and we hypothesize that mainly van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds are responsible for aggregation.