bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ketogenic diet prevents paclitaxel‐induced neuropathic nociception through activation of PPARγ signalling pathway and inhibition of neuroinflammation in rat dorsal root ganglion
Authors: Zhong Shanshan , Zhou Zhike , Lin Xinyu , Liu Fangxi , Liu Chang , Liu Zhouyang , Deng Wenyun , Zhang Xiuchun , Chang Hongtao , Zhao Chuansheng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect during the course of cancer treatment, which is mainly manifested as a series of sensory abnormalities. At present, there are no recommended prevention or treatment strategies, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The ketogenic diet (KD), a special diet that is high in fat and low in carbohydrate intake, shows good therapeutic potential in children with epilepsy. In this study, it was found that KD significantly prevented paclitaxel‐induced neuropathic nociception. Using the GSE113941 database, 281 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in an animal model of CIPN and controls. The DEGs were mainly enriched in peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) and oxidative phosphorylation signalling pathways. As a main regulatory pathway of lipid metabolism, the PPARγ signalling pathway was significantly upregulated in the KD model. In addition, KD also inhibited the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and the TLR4/NF‐κB signalling pathway in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in paclitaxel‐treated rats. In vitro, rat primary DRG neurons were used to investigate the role of PPARγ in paclitaxel‐induced neurotoxicity. It was found that PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone significantly protected DRG neurons against cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation induced by paclitaxel administration. Therefore, KD is a prospective treatment option when applied as a dietary intervention in the prevention and treatment of paclitaxel‐induced neuropathic nociception, possibly through the activation of PPARγ and its neuroprotective functions.
Adsorption of cations at the illite–water interface and its effect on intrinsic potassium ions
Authors: Li Xiong , Xing Yuhang , Tang Luobin , Liu Na , Chang Qing , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNa+, K+, Cs+ and Ca2+ are common exogenous cations that could be introduced into soils either via long‐term tillage with inorganic fertilizers or the leakage of nuclear waste. However, the manner in which they co‐adsorb and compete with the intrinsic potassium ions in illite, the response of intrinsic potassium (K′+), as well as the underlying mechanisms of these interactions, remain unclear. These aspects were explored using molecular dynamics simulations based on a series of concentrations. Because of the competition between exogenous cations and K′+, the number of adsorbed exogenous cations such as Na+ increased by 11.2, whereas the corresponding number of adsorbed potassium decreased by 14.2, with the increase in concentration from 0.1 to 1.0 mol·L−1, indicating that long‐term application of inorganic fertilizers tends to promote the release of intrinsic potassium. This was further validated from the increased adsorption free energy of IS (inner‐sphere) K′+, which increased from −54.3 kJ·mol−1 (0.1 mol·L−1) to −42.9 kJ·mol−1 (1.0 mol·L−1). The stability of both exogenous cations and intrinsic potassium decreased with the increase in concentration. This was mainly caused by the reduction of illite–cation interactions, as evidenced by the radial distribution function analysis. Nonetheless, intrinsic potassium always dominated the competition, as its abundance was lower than that of exogenous cations only beyond 0.7 mol·L−1. Different exogenous cations exerted diverse effects on the intrinsic potassium and may vary with the concentration, as reflected by the distribution, adsorption number, coordination environment and adsorption stability. Generally, the effect of exogenous cations on intrinsic potassium decreased as Ca2+ > Na+ > Cs+, which may have been caused by the different adsorption sites. These results provide new insight into the environmental effect of the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers and the leakage of radioactive waste in soils.Highlights
Increase in exogenous cations tended to promote the release of intrinsic potassium in illite.
Intrinsic potassium generally dominated the competition with exogenous cations.
Stability of adsorbed mixed cations was reduced with increase of concentration.
Exogenous cations exerted a diverse effect on the intrinsic potassium.
How much for a haircut? Illiquidity, secondary markets, and the value of private equity
Authors: Bollen Nicolas P. B. , Sensoy Berk A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLimited partners (LPs) of private equity funds commit to invest with extreme levels of illiquidity and significant uncertainty regarding the timing of capital flows, often exacerbated by the LPs’ spending requirements and portfolio rebalancing needs. Secondary markets have emerged that alleviate some of the associated cost. This paper develops a valuation model incorporating these institutional features. Model‐implied breakeven returns match empirically observed average fund returns for moderately risk‐tolerant LPs with private equity allocations up to 40%. In contrast, when earning average returns in private equity, highly risk‐averse LPs optimally allocate only a few percent to the asset class.
Limited effect of environmental stress on cannabinoid profiles in high‐cannabidiol hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)
Authors: Toth Jacob A. , Smart Lawrence B. , Smart Christine D. , Stack George M. , Carlson Craig H. , Philippe Glenn , Rose Jocelyn K. C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHemp (Cannabis sativa) is a burgeoning crop, but research‐based information about genetic and environmental effects of cannabinoid production is limited and will be essential for expanded cultivation. There are limited data available about the effect of environmental stressors on cannabinoid content, particularly for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in high‐cannabidiol (CBD) hemp. To address this, five stress treatments were applied in a replicated field trial with three high‐CBD hemp cultivars and cannabinoid content was assayed over a 3‐week time‐course spanning floral maturation. Cannabinoid production in terminal inflorescence shoot tip samples of three cultivars was measured under stress imposed by flooding, ethephon, powdery mildew, herbicide, and physical wounding in a split plot design. The treatments had limited effects on cannabinoid levels, with the exception of herbicide treatment which resulted in decreased cannabinoid content. Notably, there was no evidence that any of these stresses caused THC concentration or the ratio of THC to CBD to increase at harvest.
Compensation of high nitrogen toxicity and nitrogen deficiency with biochar amendment through enhancement of soil fertility and nitrogen use efficiency promoted rice growth and yield
Authors: Khan Zaid , Nauman Khan Mohammad , Luo Tao , Zhang Kangkang , Zhu Kunmiao , Rana Muhammad Shoaib , Hu Liyong , Jiang Yang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe quality and nutritional status of agricultural soils are depleting gradually, and biochar is widely used in soil quality improvement. A sustainable approach of biochar application needs a better understanding of its interaction with nitrogen application and the final effect on crop growth. In our study, the effect of different biochar application levels (0, 15, 30, and 60 tons ha−1) in combination with nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 150, 300, and 450 kg ha−1) on soil properties, rice growth, and nitrogen use efficiency were investigated. The results showed that sole application of biochar (B60) did not promote the rice growth except the soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen, total phosphorous, and available potassium compared with no biochar addition, while a single application of 450 kg N ha−1 (N450) adversely affected the rice physiological and yield traits by destroying rice leaf ultrastructure and reducing the stomatal length by 13%, stomatal width 3% and density 12%, plant height 5%, dry biomass plant−1 4%, spike weight plant−1 8%, and grain weight plant−1 9% compared to N300 unless it was treated in combination with biochar. Biochar can significantly compensate the toxicity of excessive nitrogen and deficiency of low nitrogen fertilizer on rice growth. Compared to a single application of B0+N450 (450 kg N ha−1), combined application of biochar and nitrogen B30+N450 could elevate rice plant nitrogen content by 13%, plant height 30%, aboveground dry biomass plant−1 136%, spike weight plant−1 34%, and grain weight plant−1 36% while increments in total nitrogen accumulation (TNA 79%%) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE 35%) were noted in B30+N300 treatment. These results suggest that biochar amendment combined with a proper amount of nitrogen fertilizer is an effective approach to promote soil conditions, manage nitrogen utilization, improve plant growth and increase crop yield on a sustainable basis.
10‐Day and 14‐day high‐dose dual therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Zou Pei‐Ying , Hu Jie , Zhao Jing‐Tao , Zhao Zhe , Mei Hao , Yang Jing , Zhu Yang‐Jie , Zhang Yi , Lan Chun‐Hui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundInconsistent eradication rates for Helicobacter pylori have been reported worldwide with dual therapy, perhaps owing to the difference in dose administration and treatment duration. This retrospective study aimed to determine whether high‐dose dual therapy (HDDT) with different regimens leads to different eradication rates. The study compares the efficacy and safety of HDDT 10‐day vs 14‐day and investigates the factors that might affect the eradication rates.Materials and MethodsTwo comparable treatment groups were based on propensity score matching (PSM). Patients were divided into two groups based on the therapy they underwent: 10‐day HDDT and 14‐day HDDT (20 mg esomeprazole and 750 mg amoxicillin, administered four times daily). The eradication rates, adverse events (AEs), patient compliance, CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms, and antibiotic resistance rates of the two groups were compared.ResultsThe intention to treat (ITT) analysis showed that the eradication rates for 10‐day and 14‐day groups were 78.4% (95% CI 69.6%–87.2%) and 89.7% (95% CI 83.3%–96.2%; p = .039), respectively, while the per‐protocol (PP) eradication rates were 80.0% (95% CI 71.3%–88.7%) and 92.9% (95% CI 87.4%–98.5%; p = .014), respectively. The corresponding drug‐related AEs were 6.8% (6/88) and 5.7% (5/88; p = .755). No significant differences were observed between the compliance rates of the two groups. The CYP2C19 gene polymorphism had no effect on the eradication rates of the two groups.ConclusionThe results showed that the 14‐day HDDT affords a higher H. pylori eradication rate than the 10‐day HDDT.
Ethical issues in participatory arts methods for young people with adverse childhood experiences
Authors: Pavarini Gabriela , Smith Lindsay M. , Shaughnessy Nicola , Mankee‐Williams Anna , Thirumalai Josita Kavitha , Russell Natalie , Bhui Kamaldeep 
Published: July 2021

AbstractContextParticipatory arts‐based methods such as photovoice, drama and music have increasingly been used to engage young people who are exposed to psychosocial risks. These methods have the potential to empower youth and provide them with an accessible and welcoming environment to express and manage difficult feelings and experiences. These effects are, however, dependent on the way these methods are implemented and how potential ethical concerns are handled.ObjectiveUsing the current literature on arts‐based health research as a foundation, this paper examines ethical issues emerging from participatory arts methods with young people with traumatic experiences.ResultsWe present a typology covering relevant issues such as power, accessibility, communication, trust and ownership, across the domains of partnership working, project entry, participation and dissemination. Drawing on our extensive clinical and research experiences, existing research and novel in‐practice examples, we offer guidance for ethical dilemmas that might arise at different phases of research.ConclusionAdequate anticipation and consideration of ethical issues, together with the involvement of young people, will help ensure that arts methods are implemented in research and practice with young people in a fair, meaningful and empowering way.Patient or Public ContributionThe issues reviewed are largely based on the authors' experience conducting participatory research. Each of the projects referenced has its own systems for PPI including, variously, consultations with advisory groups, coproduction, youth ambassadors and mentor schemes. One of the coauthors, Josita Kavitha Thirumalai, is a young person trained in peer support and has provided extensive input across all stages.
Clinical outcomes of performance of dental students using erythritol powder by means of air polishing with ultrasonic debridement with students’ assessment: Part II
Authors: Albonni Hala , Alseirafi Walaa , Tekleh Hiba , Sawaf Hazem 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveAssessment of a dental student's clinical performance is essential for providing feedback for improving education. This study evaluated the ability of undergraduate dental students to treat periodontal patients with two techniques, ultrasonic debridement with polishing (UD+P) and the erythritol powder air polishing with ultrasonic instrumentation (EPAP+UD) in a split‐mouth design.MethodsThe study was conducted on undergraduate students with patients suffering from gingivitis and stage I periodontitis with grade A. The evaluation consisted of two parts: first, assessment of the student by clinical indices (full mouth plaque index (FMPI), calculus index (CI), remaining calculus index (RCI), modified gingival index (MGI) and papillary bleeding index (PBI)) at baseline, immediately and after 2 weeks. In addition to assessing treatment time for each student; and second, obtaining student feedback about the two methods used.ResultsFive undergraduate fourth years’ students, and thirteen patients participated. Statistically significant decreases in FMPI, CI, MGI and PBI between baseline and 2 weeks post‐treatment were noted in both test and control groups. At 2 weeks of inter‐group comparisons, there was a statistically significant difference in FMPI and MGI indices, and immediately after the treatment, there was also a significant reduction in FMPI and CI. Treatment time was significantly less for the EPAP+UD method, and it got 10‐time method preferring in comparison with the control group (UD+P) by students.ConclusionThe undergraduate dental student has the capacity to treat the periodontal patient using both approaches with a preference for the EPAP+UI approach over UI+P. In addition, this EPAP+UI is a promising method of education.
Is store density associated with sugar‐sweetened beverages consumption and overweight or obesity in Mexican adolescents?
Authors: Arango‐Angarita Andrea , Méndez‐Gómez‐Humarán Ignacio , Guerrero‐López Carlos M. , Shamah‐Levy Teresa 
Published: July 2021

SummaryBackgroundThe consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) is a risk factor for obesity. In Mexico, SSBs are widely available and consumed daily by adolescents.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to estimate the indirect association between store density (including grocery, convenience, non‐alcoholic beverage stores and supermarkets) and overweight or obesity (OW/O) among Mexican adolescents, using SSB consumption as a mediator.MethodsWe used cross‐sectional data on adolescent SSB consumption, weight status (body mass index for age [BMI for age]), physical activity, screen time and sociodemographic factors from the 2016 Mexican Midway National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT MC 2016). The National Statistical Directory of Economic Units provided information on stores selling SSBs. We estimated structural equations models to test associations between store density and OW/O, using SSB consumption as a mediator.ResultsWe found a direct positive association between store density and SSB intake in adolescents (β =1.229), including density of supermarkets (β = 132.07), grocery stores (β = 1.170) and non‐alcoholic beverage stores (β = 1.537). No significant association was observed for convenience stores. Direct association between store density and OW/O was strongest for supermarket density (β = 0.426). In addition, SSB intake was significantly associated with OW/O (p = 0.033). No significant indirect association between density of any store and OW/O was found.ConclusionsStore density was directly associated with SSB consumption but not indirectly associated with OW/O mediated by SSB. Further research on food environment is required in order to design evidence‐based strategies aimed at reducing SSB intake and OW/O in adolescents.
Among Facilitators, Instructors, Advisors and Educators – How Teachers Educate for Sustainability in Design and Craft Education
Authors: Hofverberg Hanna , Westerlund Stina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDesign and craft education, like that of the Swedish school subject, Sloyd, has great potential for Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). With so many possibilities, it is relevant to investigate what teachers teach about sustainability, and how. Therefore, the aim of this article is to examine what Sloyd teachers express that they do as they educate for sustainability in design and craft education (Grades 3–9). This aim is guided by two research questions: (1) What ESD content is prominent in Sloyd teachers’ statements about their teaching? and (2) What expected learning outcomes and teaching strategies become visible in the Sloyd teachers’ statements about ESD? Our analysis of the qualitative questionnaires answered by 70 teachers shows that working with design and craft materials is a key factor for the teachers. Specifically, three learning outcomes have been identified: to utilise material, to use sustainable materials and to become a maker with materials. The most common teaching strategies are instructing and advising strategies, where the goal is known beforehand by the teacher. The findings are discussed in relation to the mix of sustainability concepts and different logics that emerge in the teachers’ expressions and also in relation to what consequences the findings have for teaching ESD in design and craft education.
Impact of microecological agents on water environment restoration and microbial community structures of trench system in a Baiyangdian wetland ecosystem
Authors: Li Zhifei , Liu Yang , Xie Jun , Wang Guangjun , Cheng Xiangju , Zhang Junwang , Sang Chaojiong , Liu Zhijun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Aims
To evaluate the effects of periodic application of effective microorganism (EM) bacteria and calcium peroxide on water environment restoration of a trench wetland ecosystem and its impact on microbiota in water and sediment.

Methods and Results
The EM bacteria and calcium peroxide were alternately sprayed into the trench water, and changes in the physicochemical indices of water and sediment, and in microbiota structure were subsequently investigated. Alternately spraying of calcium peroxide and EM bacteria improved the water quality, especially in terms of the dissolved oxygen and transparency of water body, and could further reduce the levels of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen. At the same time, the microbiota structure of the water body was significantly changed by spraying with calcium peroxide and EM bacteria, and the relative abundances of Pseudanabaena, Legionellaceae, Planktothrix, Planctomyces, Phenylobacterium, Rhodobacter, Rhodoferax and Aquirestis were significantly increased. However, there was no significant effect on the physicochemical indexes and microbiota composition of the sediment.

Conclusions
The water quality of the Baiyangdian trench could be significantly restored by regular sprinkling of calcium peroxide and EM bacteria.

Significance and Impact of Study
The results provide an effective technical method for the restoration of trench wetland water.
Public health nurses’ perceptions on promotive and risk factors for children’s mental health: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Savolainen Outi , Sormunen Marjorita , Turunen Hannele 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo describe promotive and risk factors for children's mental health at the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community and public policy levels of the socioecological environment.DesignA descriptive qualitative interview study.MethodsData were collected in Finland during autumn 2019 via semi‐structured interviews. Participants (n = 23) comprised public health nurses who worked in child health clinics and school healthcare. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.ResultsSeveral promotive and risk factors were identified to have affected children's mental health. Intra‐family factors were the most important in the opinion of public health nurses, and they were most concerned about family related risk factors. In addition, the descriptions of nurses revealed that children are in a socially unequal position in terms of their place of residence. It was also uncovered that there were fewer social and healthcare and leisure services in small municipalities, the distances to services were longer, which was perceived to complicate the use of services, and the fear of stigma was greater.ConclusionAccording to public health nurses, factors at the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community and public policy levels of the socioecological environment affect children's mental health and overall well‐being. Consequently, the promotion of children's mental health should be emphasized at every level of the society, considering the whole family.ImpactThis study indicated the importance of considering factors that affect children's mental health at all levels of the socioecological environment. The results can be reflected in the relation of the socioecological model of health promotion and used in planning the work of nurses in primary healthcare and other relevant nursing settings to emphasize promotive and preventive work.