bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationships among self-efficacy, social support, and self-care behavior in the elderly patients with chronic pain (a STROBE-compliant article)
Authors: Li Si-yi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The relationships among the self-efficacy, social support and self-care behavior in the elderly patients with chronic pain has not been reported. Therefore, we explored the relationships among self-efficacy, social support and self-care behavior in the elderly patients with chronic pain.
General data questionnaire, self-efficacy scale, social support scale and self-care behavior scale were performed in 1032 elderly patients with chronic pain from Shenyang city between February and December 2017. The relationships among self-efficacy, social support and self-care behavior, and self-efficacy as a mediator between the social support and self-care behavior were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and Bootstrap method.
In these elderly patients with chronic pain, the total scores of the self-efficacy, social support and self-care behavior were 35.59 ± 12.38, 65.64 ± 19.68 and 50.52 ± 15.26, respectively. The self-efficacy was positively correlated with the self-care behavior (r = 0.414, P < .001), the self-efficacy was positively correlated with the social support (r = 0.293, P < .001) and the social support was positively correlated with the self-care behavior (r = 0.322, P < .001). The mediating effect of self-efficacy was 0.121 which accounted for 27.31% of the total effects.
The self-efficacy plays a mediating effect between social support and self-care behavior in the elderly patients with chronic pain.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva in a young adult with genetic mutation
Authors: Wang Zhankui , Wang Xiuhua , Liu Baojin , Hou Yanfeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by congenital skeletal deformities and soft tissue masses that progress into heterotopic ossification. Deformities of the great toes are distinctive and heterotrophic ossification usually begins in the first decade of the patient's life. Any invasive procedure could potentially trigger a flare and heterotopic calcification. The diagnosis is difficult and there is no effective treatment for FOP and the approximate life expectancy is 4 decades.

Patient concerns:
A 22-year-old male patient who had suffered from pain and movement limitations for 14 years. At the early stage of disease, the child underwent an operation on both thighs with a diagnosis of myophagism. He had serious stiffness and multiple bony masses with the characteristic bilateral hallux valgus deformity and microdactyly.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with FOP by the help of characteristic great toe malformations and widespread heterotopic ossification throughout the body. Deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing demonstrated that the patient had a de novo heterozygous mutation (c.617G>A; p.R206H) in activin A receptor/activin-like kinase 2.

Interventions:
We administered a co-therapy of glucocorticoids, NSAIDs to relieve pain, and montelukast for 2 months. Bisphosphonate (5 mg, intravenous) was used once.

Outcomes:
At the follow-up 12 months later, the patient still felt low back pain sometimes and need take NSAIDs three times a week.

Lessons:
Clinicians and radiologists should realize the characteristic features of FOP and early diagnosis can prevent additional invasive harm to the patient.
The clinical and imaging features of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis
Authors: Ma Chi , Ren Yan-De , Wang Jia-Chen , Wang Cheng-Jian , Zhao Ji-Ping , Zhou Tong , Su Hua-Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare autosomal recessive lipid deposition disorder characterized by systemic signs and neurological dysfunction. The radiological features of CTX are infrequently summarized in the literature.

Patient concerns:
We described a 40-year-old male patient who repeatedly engaged in wrestling matches and presented with progressive difficulty in walking and reduced balance with egg-sized, hard, smooth, and painless masses in both ankles.

Diagnosis:
Neuroimaging examination showed abnormalities both supra- and infratentorially. Bilateral ankle joint magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral xanthomata of the Achilles tendon. The diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of a sterol 27-hydroxylase gene mutation.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with chenodeoxycholic acid (250 mg 3 times per day).

Outcomes:
To date, the patient's bilateral xanthomas of the Achilles tendon have begun to diminish, and his neurological impairment has not deteriorated further but has not yet improved.

Lessons:
We report a rare case of CTX and summarize the clinical and imaging features of this disease. Our findings suggest that the abnormal signals in the dentate nucleus or a long spinal cord lesion involving the central and posterior cord, combined with tendon xanthoma, are important clues for the diagnosis of CTX.
Bilateral optic neuropathy following vincristine chemotherapy
Authors: Lee Woo Hyuk , You Sun Kyoung , Lee Yeon-Hee 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
A few cases of optic neuropathy presumed to be caused by vincristine have been reported. However, none described multimodal imaging findings. Here, we report abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in a putative case of vincristine-induced optic neuropathy.

Patient concerns:
A 9-year-old boy with Burkett lymphoma who had had no visual problems noticed blurred vision in both eyes 22 days after the first maintenance therapy for lymphoma; the blurred gradually worsened. At that time, the best-corrected visual acuity was 20/200 and 20/100 in the right and left eyes, respectively.

Diagnoses:
Blood and imaging workup, and cerebrospinal fluid and genetic analyses, were performed; these included fundus photography, OCT, and MRI. We found no plausible cause of the optic neuropathy other than vincristine.

Interventions:
The scheduled chemotherapy was stopped, and the patient was managed with high-dose corticosteroids. However, as there was no improvement, plasma exchange was then performed.

Outcomes:
Three days after the initial examination, the visual acuity in both eyes was only light perception and projection. Signal intensity was abnormally high on 3-dimensional T2-weighted turbo spin echo and T2-weighted MRI images. Optic disc atrophy progressed to “total pallor”; thinning of the ganglion cell-inner plexiform and retinal nerve fiber layers also progressed. The patient was followed up for 7 months but showed no improvement in vision. There were no treatment-related complications.

Lessons:
We conclude that vincristine can cause optic neuropathy, and clinicians need to be alert to the possibility of optic neuropathy in any patient prescribed this agent.
OCT and MRI may help to diagnose optic neuropathy in pediatric patients. Periodic ophthalmologic examinations, including an OCT scan, may be useful.
Multiple myeloma with Echinococcus granulosus infection diagnosed by detection of oligoclonal bands
Authors: Li Jinghong , Zhang Xiaoyun , Hao Hongjun , Fan Shiheng , Xu Yuming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Isoelectric focusing electrophoresis (IFE) is currently recognized as the gold standard for detecting oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). To the best of our knowledge, however, no study has reported on type III OCBs using IFE. In this paper, we report on a rare case of multiple myeloma (MM) with Echinococcus granulosus infection diagnosed by IFE.

Patient concerns:
A 71-year-old man complained of weakness of the right lower extremity accompanied with fever (temperature range 37.8°C–38.2°C) for more than 6 months.

Diagnoses:
MM with E granulosus infection.

Interventions:
The IFE results identified a unique monoclonal band, indicating that the patient may have MM in conjunction with a distinct pathogen infection. He received anthelmintic treatment and bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone therapy.

Outcomes:
The patient was followed up for 15 months. During that time, his temperature returned to normal, his Medical Research Council Grading of Muscle Power scale became 5, and his vital signs stabilized.

Lessons:
Detection of OCB type III indicated that the patient was diagnosed with MM accompanied by E granulosus infection. Thus, IFE of CSF may be an auxiliary diagnostic method for MM in the future.
Comparison of polyurethane tracheal tube cuffs and conventional polyvinyl chloride tube cuff for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: Saito Minami , Maruyama Koichi , Mihara Takahiro , Hoshijima Hiroshi , Hirabayashi Go , Andoh Tomio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background:
The aim of this meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (TSA) was to evaluate the effect of a polyurethane (PU) tracheal tube cuff on the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Methods:
We performed a systematic search using the MEDLINE database through PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, SCOPUS, and Web of Science.
Randomized controlled trials comparing the incidence of VAP and clinically relevant outcomes between PU cuff tubes and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cuff tubes in adult patients. Two authors independently extracted study details, patient characteristics, and clinical outcomes such as incidence of VAP, bacterial colonization of tracheal aspirate, duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and ICU mortality.

Results:
From 309 studies identified as potentially eligible, six studies with 1226 patients were included in this meta-analysis. All studies compared the incidence of VAP between PU cuffs and PVC cuffs. Use of a PU cuff was not associated with a reduction in VAP incidence (RR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.45–1.03) with significant statistical heterogeneity (I
2 = 65%). The quality of evidence was “very low.” According to the TSA, the actual sample size was only 15.8% of the target sample size, and the cumulative Z score did not cross the trial sequential monitoring boundary for benefit. No positive impact was reported for the other relevant outcomes for PU cuffs.

Conclusions:
The use of a PU cuff for mechanical ventilation did not prevent VAP. Further trials with a low risk of bias need to be performed.
Does the presence of neuropathic pain affect the outcomes of the interlaminar epidural steroid injection for cervical disc herniation?
Authors: Sanal-Toprak Canan , Ozturk Ekim Can , Yucel Feyza Nur , Sencan Savas , Gunduz Osman Hakan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Epidural steroid injections (ESI) are commonly performed for the treatment of chronic cervical disc herniation (CDH). Although they are considered to be effective for both nociceptive and neuropathic types of pain, there is a lack of data regarding the impact of neuropathic pain (NP) and nociceptive pain components on treatment outcomes. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of interlaminar epidural steroid injection (ILESI) between patients with predominantly NP and nociceptive pain due to CDH.
Sixty five participants were initially included in the study and assessed by numeric rating scale (NRS), neck pain and disability scale (NPDS), short form-12 (SF-12), and self-reported Leeds assessment of neuropathic symptoms and signs (S-LANSS) pain scale at baseline and 1 month, 3 months, 6 months after ILESI.
All patients were evaluated at 1st month and 3rd month follow-up periods while 54 of patients achieved to complete 6th month follow-up. There were significant improvements in all outcome measures for all time periods when compared with the pre-intervention scores. At baseline 24 (36.9%) of patients had predominantly NP in accordance with S-LANSS pain scale. The ratio of NP predominant patients reduced to 7.6% at 1st month, 12.3% at 3rd month, and 12.9% at 6th month with a significant difference for each follow-up period when compared with the baseline. Although all NRS and NPDS scores at baseline were significantly higher in patients with NP, improvement was significant at all follow-up periods in both groups. Minimal clinically important change in NRS was observed in >75% of patients at 1st, 3rd, and 6th month in both groups.
The results of this study showed that NP is present in one-third of the patients suffering from neck and radiating arm pain due to CDH and cervical ILESI is an effective treatment approach for both neuropathic and nociceptive components of pain.
Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT04235478
The number of previous failed embryo transfer cycles is an independent factor affecting implantation rate in women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment
Authors: Wang Yangyang , Tian Yichao , Liu Liu , Li Tin-Chiu , Tong Xiaomei , Zhu Haiyan , Zhang Songying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The implantation rate (IR) in assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection is affected by many different factors such as age, quality of embryo, and stage of embryo development. This study aimed to investigate to what extent the number of previous failed embryo transfer cycles is an independent factor affecting IR.
This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of a consecutive series of 6376 day-3 embryo transfer (ET) cycles following IVF between January 2012 and August 2018. None of the subjects underwent endometrial scratch/injury prior to the treatment cycle, or received intravenous immunoglobulin, steroid, dehydroepiandrosterone, intralipid or heparin during the treatment with the aim of improving implantation rates.
Multiple regression analysis showed that the 3 most important independent factors affecting the IR, in decreasing of importance: age, frozen or fresh embryo transfer and the number of previous ET cycles. Having controlled for 2 of the more important confounding variables including maternal age and the type of embryo, the IR in women who had 0, 1, 2, and 3 or more previous failed ET cycles were 45.8%, 35.9%, 31.2%, 21.0%, respectively (P < .001).
Repeated implantation failure is a significant independent factor affecting the IR. The number of previous failed ET cycles should be considered in counselling women regarding the prognosis of a further IVF-ET treatment cycle.
Effects of mind-body exercise on cardiopulmonary function, blood pressure, and quality of life in CHD patients
Authors: Duan Fei-xing , Wu Qi , Zuo Yi-fan , Yang Hui-xin , Dai Fei , Wang Lin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background:
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the highest mortality diseases in the world, which seriously threatens human health and quality of life (QOL). The purpose of this study is to systematically analyze the effects of mind-body exercise on cardiopulmonary function, blood pressure and QOL in CHD patients, and to provide scientific evidence-based exercise prescription for patients with coronary heart disease.

Methods:
This research review will include the following electronic databases from its establishment to December 2020: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and Wanfang. Objective to search randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the effects of mind-body exercise on cardiopulmonary function, blood pressure and QOL in patients with coronary heart disease.

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide strong evidence for the efficacy and safety of mind-body exercise in patients with coronary heart disease.

Systematic review registration:
INPLASY202120016.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval will not be necessary since this systematic review and meta-analysis will not contain any private information of participants or violate their human rights.
Ultrasonographic characteristics of thyroid nodule rupture after microwave ablation
Authors: Tian Peng , Du Wenyan , Liu Xiaoxi , Ding Yiwen , Zhang Zekai , Li Jing , Wang Yanzhen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Thyroid nodule rupture is a rare complication after microwave ablation (MWA). The ultrasonographic characteristics, clinical course, treatment, or prognosis of thyroid nodule rupture after ablation have not been systematically summarized. Three cases with thyroid nodule rupture after MWA were reported in this study, including the characteristic ultrasound images before ablation and after rupture. Meanwhile, we investigated the etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the rupture. These findings can provide references for the future clinical practice.

Patients concerns:
All 3 patients were pathologically diagnosed as benign thyroid nodules by core needle biopsy and then received 1 session of MWA.

Diagnoses:
Fourteen days to 1 month after MWA later, all 3 patients presented with abrupt neck pain and swelling, and 1 of them had a fever. Ultrasound examinations shared common features that the rupture of thyroid capsule and a soft-tissue mass with unclear margin in front of the thyroid gland, which connected with the post-ablation nodule. Three patients were diagnosed as thyroid nodule ruptures.

Interventions:
All 3 patients received conservative management after the ruptures. With the treatment of intravenous antibiotics for 1 week, the neck swelling of patients 1 and 2 both disappeared. The aggravation of neck swelling was found in patient 3. Ultrasonography of the neck revealed irregular fluid echo in the soft-tissue mass, suggesting abscess formation. Aspiration and irrigation were performed. The neck swelling regressed gradually over another 2 weeks with the treatment of antibiotics. Two months after ablation, ultrasound examination showed that the mass had completely disappeared.

Outcomes:
None of the 3 patients underwent open surgery due to thyroid nodule rupture. At 1-year follow-up, the volume reduction rate of thyroid nodules in 3 patients were as follows: 100%, 98.1% and 90.7%.

Lessons:
Nodule rupture is a rare but severe complication after MWA of the thyroid nodules. The diagnosis can be confirmed by clinical symptoms and ultrasound examination, and most nodule ruptures could be cured with conservative treatment. Grasping the characteristics of ultrasound imaging during the course of disease, and dynamically assessing course of disease progression by ultrasonography could avoid unnecessary imaging examinations or invasive procedures.
Working in Peru: A 25-Year Experience With Voluntary Cleft Missions, and a Technique for the Primary Repair of the Unilateral Cleft Lip and Nasal Deformity
Authors: Navarro Carlos E. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
CIRPLAST is a nonprofit volunteer plastic surgery program that has provided free surgery for patients with cleft lip and palate deformities in different parts of Peru since 1995. In 2015, the author reported 6,108 patients that had been successfully operated on by the CIRPLAST team over a 20-year period. A technique, developed by the author, for the straight-line vertical cleft lip closure without skin flaps of the unilateral cleft lip, was mentioned in that publication but it was not described. 1 The purpose of this article is to present the technique, which has been successfully employed in all the CIRPLAST cleft missions in Peru, for the past 25 years.

Methods:
The straight-line vertical cleft closure does not rely on measurements or skin flaps, and it can be used to close any degree of unilateral cleft lip cleft. The procedure is simple and dependable. After incising the cleft borders on both sides of the cleft, the orbicularis oris muscle is liberated from the surrounding tissues, segmented, and then moved down toward the free border of the lip, so that the cupid's bows can be placed in its normal horizontal position, together with the philtrum on the medial lip, providing normal fullness and pouting of the lower part of the upper lip. Lip length results from the orbicularis oris muscle repair and not from skin flaps. The associated nasal deformity is addressed at the same time as the lip repair, by freeing on the cleft side, the lower lateral cartilage (alar cartilage) from the external nasal skin through a rim incision, and then elevating the cartilage together with its vestibular skin, to place it in its normal position at the tip of the nose, and fixing it there with sutures.

Results:
The anatomic, functional, and esthetic results of the lip closure together with the correction of the associated nasal deformity have been satisfactory, when comparing the repaired cleft side with the normal side, for symmetry.

Conclusions:
The straight-line vertical cleft lip closure, based on the orbicularis oris muscle repair, can be used to close any degree of lip clefting, including very wide clefts, without skin flaps. The associated cleft nasal deformity is corrected before the lip closure. The procedure has been used in all the CIRPLAST cleft missions in Peru for the past 25 years, and the outcomes of the repair over time have been satisfactory and stable.
Craniofacial Injuries in Lacrosse: A Novel Algorithm for Injury Assessment
Authors: Plotsker Ethan L. , Mathew Prakash , Wolfe Erin M. , Thaller Seth 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
Lacrosse is played widely across the United States, as evidenced by growing participation in the sport. The rapid increase in participation suggests that many of the new players are inexperienced. Many coaches might be ill-equipped to deal with player trauma. There are several crucial differences in the way the sports are played between males and females, altering the experience of the game and the injury profiles that may arise.

Methods:
A query of the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was performed to study the types of craniofacial injuries incurred from lacrosse.

Results:
Concussions were the most common injury type, and players between 10 and 14 years old were found to be at greater risk of contusions relative to older players. Players between 15 and 19 years old were at a greater risk of sustaining lacerations. In terms of gender, females were more likely to experience concussions than males, and were at increased risk of head injuries relative to face injuries.

Discussion:
The finding that females are at increased risk of concussion might be subsequent to a lack of adequate training by coaches. Female athletes tend to experience worse outcomes following concussions incurred secondary to playing sports. Recent work has suggested that this may be a consequence of female anatomy; women tend to have shorter neck dimensions, which predisposes them to more deleterious head-neck accelerations, and thus concussions. These results may inform a layperson-friendly algorithm for the workup of craniofacial injuries sustained from lacrosse.