bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-performance process fluids used for vibration finishing of parts with granular media made of natural material “Baykalit”
Authors: Lebedev V , Shumyacher V , Kolganova Ye , Krivosheev D 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The results of studies of the technological capabilities of granular media made of natural material “Baykalit” in the conditions of vibration technological systems are presented. Baikalit is a siliceous rock-fine-grained quartzite (microquartzite) - with an aggregate structure of quartz grains measuring 1.5-3 microns with sharp boundaries between these very grains. The granules obtained as a result of crushing the mineral rock Baikalit have a sufficiently high hardness (at least 6.0 - 7.0 on the Mohs scale). The presence of many wedge-shaped vertices along the perimeter of the granules and the arbitrariness of the shape allows us to consider them as a universal cutting tool that has access to various surfaces of complexity. It is shown that vibration treatment with granular media made of natural material “Baykalit” reduces the height of the initial surface micrprofile by 0.2-0.3 microns and is an effective way to remove burrs when processing parts with a surface microprofile height of more than 0.63 microns. The use of process fluids, which include increasing the wetting capacity of both Baikalit and processed workpieces, reduces the technological time of vibration processing by 1.5 times. The presence of components in the process fluid, such as protective colloids (Na CMC), prevents the sludge from sticking to the galtovochnye bodies, that is, prevents the “salting” of their profile, reduces the rigidity of the layer on the surface of the galtovochnyh bodies and workpieces, which contributes to productivity growth.
Arctic transmission oil
Authors: Boiko M V , Sidashov A V , Boiko T G , Bicherov A A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The tasks of the development of the Far North, the Arctic and the Antarctic require ensuring the operability of equipment units in low temperatures. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop lubricants using new synthetic oils, a distinctive feature of which are low pour points. On the basis of polyethylsiloxane fluid and petroleum oil, we have developed a gear oil for the Arctic latitudes, which is efficient at temperatures down to -75 ° C (TMarktic). It is shown TMarktic’s antifriction properties are better than those of TSgip helicopter tail gear oil. The combined use of XPS and IR-Fourier methods for the analysis of the friction surface made it possible to conclude that the formation of the boundary film involves both antiwear additive molecules, which are part of the modified oil, due to the P-O, P=O, S=O bonds, so and molecules of polyethylsiloxane liquid due to C-O and Si-O bonds. Secondary surface structures are formed by TMarctic oil on the surface of iron oxide and include hydrocarbon and siloxane fragments. The high antiwear and extreme pressure properties of TMarktic are due to free sulfur and bound in iron sulfide.
Production of corundum armored ceramics
Authors: Pletnev P , Nepochatov Yu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop the compositions and technology of corundum armored ceramics with high ballistic characteristics based on aluminum oxide with an α-Al2O3 content of more than 99 wt.%. The results of the study of the physicochemical processes of obtaining corundum ceramics modified with complex additives consisting of magnesium - aluminosilicate eutectic mixture and oxides of magnesium, yttrium, titanium, zirconium are presented. The introduction of complex additives into the composition of corundum ceramics provides a significant reduction (100-150°C) of the sintering temperature of the product. In this case, additives of yttrium and zirconium oxides contribute to the formation of a uniform-grained microstructure of ceramics, and in the case of adding titanium oxide, a collective recrystallization of corundum grains is noted. The use of small additives (0.3-0.5 wt.%) of magnesium and yttrium oxides together with a eutectic mixture in the compositions of corundum ceramics based on high-quality alumina contributes to the formation of a uniform-grained, dense structure of the material and giving it a high level of physical and mechanical properties as a result of directional the action of each component of the additive on the physicochemical processes of phase formation of the crystalline matrix. A model idea of the mechanism of action of additives on the formation of the microstructure of ceramics during stage-by-stage heating from 1350 to 1650°C in the sintering mode of products is presented. The developed compositions and technologies of corundum armored ceramics have a production focus and implementation in practice.
Principles of obtaining light permeable conglomerate materials based on wood filler
Authors: Pichugin A , Khritankov V , Tkachenko S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Recently, the world has seen a demand for transparent or translucent concrete, capable of performing both, structural functions and decorative - design tasks. Such concrete use opens up new opportunities for the creative searches of designers, allows inclusion of new materials in those elements of decorating the internal and external of buildings, structures, large and small architectural forms. The research results on obtaining a new translucent material in the form of wood concrete (arbolite), which makes it possible to introduce previously unused wood processing waste of low-value wood species - birch and aspen into the technological process are presented in the article. The primary results open up new possibilities for light-conducting concretes at significantly low economic costs of their production. The results allows us to conclude about the complexity and ambiguity of wood bleaching processes and the need to strictly follow optimal formulations, modes and compositions at all stages of production.
Research of the mineral additives influence on aggregative stability of foam concrete mixture
Authors: Bartenjeva E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
An effective method for increasing the aggregate stability of non-autoclave heat-insulating foam concrete is proposed. This material is prepared using a two-stage technology on a turbulent-type installation. An increase in the stability of the foam in the mortar mixture by 9.5-23% has been established. An increase in the viscosity of the foam concrete mixture by 13.5% was revealed. Wollastonite and diopside are actively involved in the formation of a stable structure of foam concrete and are structurally modifying centers. The introduction of mineral additives contributes to the formation of a homogeneous stable structure of non-autoclave foam concrete. Thus, an increase in the stability of the cellular system in the technology of non-autoclave cement-ash foam concrete is possible due to the control of the processes of structure formation when using dispersed mineral additives of wollastonite and diopside. Due to the structural-modifying effect of additives as crystallization centers for neoplasms, a more complete hydration of the cement and a strong contact of the additives with the cement stone should be ensured
Modeling the properties of lightweight polymer concrete produced from polyvinyl chloride and combined heat and power plant waste
Authors: Khristoforova I , Khristoforov A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Although concrete based on mineral binders is most commonly used in construction, polymer concrete is on the rise lately. This is due to the fact that polymer concrete allows to expand concrete usage in civil and industrial construction thanks to its properties. However, there is extensive research on including thermoplastic polymer. Construction polymer concrete materials have high compressive strength, as well as atmospheric, cold and chemical resistance, thus resulting in long term lifetime. This paper suggests a technological process of producing concrete based on polyvinyl chloride and lightweight porous aggregate, e. g. fly ash that comes from Vladimir combined heat and power plant (used to run on coal). There are up to 80 thousand tons of this aggregate in stock. It turns out that technological parameters of this process are strongly intertwined with compound. Research indicates that lightweight polymer concrete based on polyvinyl chloride and fly ash can be achieved under certain technological parameters. A new polymer concrete was created as a result of this research having the following properties: density - 800-830 kg/m3, compressive strength - 12-13 MPa, impact strength -16-18 kg/m2, coefficient of thermal conductivity - 0.16-0.18 Wt/m.K, frost resistance - at least a 100 cycles.
Modification of a bituminous binder using waste products from the polymer industry
Authors: Timakov E A , Panov Y T , Vihrev A V , Provatorova G V , Timantsev Y A 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we have investigated the possibilities of the modification of bituminous mixtures using recycled plastic. Waste from enterprises that process plastic is a serious danger to the environment, which is why the need to develop technologies for their processing is not in doubt. The economic advantages of using such additives are that the modifier used is the total waste of industrial enterprises that manufacture products from thermoplastics. Thus, it is possible to solve several problems at once: reducing the cost of production of bitumen; improvement of their physical and chemical characteristics and recycling of non-recycled waste. Patent information on the use of thermoplastics as a bitumen modifier was analyzed. During the work, waste from the extrusion industry of high-pressure polyethylene (LDPE) used. The influence of additives on the basic physical parameters of bitumen is shown. In the course of research, it was found that the addition of 2-3% polymers to the original formulation allows us to obtain bitumen, the main physical parameters of which (penetration, ductility, softening) meet the existing requirements. With this method of bitumen modification, the cost of their production is reduced without deterioration of the properties of the finished product. We also investigated the possibility of introducing up to 25% modifiers into the formulation, for maximum utilization of polymer waste. The bitumen obtained in this way can be used in regions with a hot climate. An important fact is the unification of the method of introducing additives into the existing technology, which does not require its change. The results of the study showed that thanks to the results obtained, it is possible to significantly reduce the cost of producing asphalt and bitumen products, expand the technological properties of finished road surfaces, and solve the problem of recycling plastic waste.
Investigation of physical, mechanical and tribological properties of corrosion-resistant steel with laser surface surfacing of WC100Co4Cr
Authors: Zhdanov A V , Dovbysh N S , Belyaev I V , Morozov V V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article investigated the effect of laser surfacing of WC100Co4Cr powder on the surface of corrosion-resistant steel on hardness, tensile strength and yield strength, coefficient of friction and the amount of wear of products made of alloy structural cryogenic steel. The SVAROG-1-5DR laser complex (Russia) was used for laser processing. Various modes of surface laser surfacing were set. For this purpose, the power of the laser radiation, the speed of movement of the laser beam relative to the treated surface and the focal length were varied. The measurement of physical, mechanical and tribological characteristics was carried out using the equipment of the company “CSM Instruments” (Switzerland). The structure of the alloy was studied by metallography and X-ray diffractometry. The results showed a significant increase in hardness, tensile strength and yield strength and a decrease in the coefficient of friction.
Modeling of electric mass transfer process in controlled electrochemical resistance
Authors: Fugarov D D , Gerasimenko E Y , Gerasimenko A N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study is to mathematically simulate the concentration field of an electrolyte in a controlled electrochemical resistance. All processes occurring in the object are considered isothermal, the electric fields in all fragments of the electrochemical resistance are potential, plane-parallel. All physical and chemical parameters of the object’s materials are constant values. The kinetics of all electrode processes in the object of study is controlled by the diffusion stage in the electrolyte. As a research method, the operator method of Laplace and Fourier – expansion is used to obtain an analytical description of the concentration field of the electrolyte. In the course of the study, a mathematical model of the concentration field of the electrolyte with a uniform distribution of the current density was obtained. An analytical expression is obtained that allows to construct the surface of the change in the concentration of the electrolyte in the controlled electrochemical resistance. The concentration profiles of the electrolyte at different temperatures and the time dependences of the change in the concentration of the electrolyte are calculated.
Molecular dynamics study of the influence of uniaxial deformation on the migration velocity of tilt boundaries in nickel
Authors: Poletaev G M , Ziuzin D I , Novoselova D V , Rakitin R Y 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe molecular dynamics method was used to study the influence of elastic uniaxial deformation on the migration velocity of tilt boundaries with misorientation axes [100] and [111] in nickel. The dependences of the migration velocity at a temperature of 1600 K on the misorientation angle were obtained. It is shown that the high-angle [100] and [111] tilt boundaries migrate at approximately the same velocity, while the low-angle [111] boundaries migrate approximately twice as fast as the [100] boundaries. The obtained dependences of the migration velocity of the boundaries on the value of uniaxial deformation in almost all cases turned out to be nonmonotonic and had a maximum at a tension value of about 1%. With a further increase in tension, migration slowed down, which is most likely explained by a decrease in the surface tension of the boundaries and, accordingly, in the driving force due to the finite sorption capacity of grain boundaries with respect to the free volume. Under elastic compression, in most cases, a monotonic decrease in the migration velocity was observed, which is due to a decrease in free space during compression and a decrease in the mobility of atoms at the boundary.
Modelling of technological process of joining steel ropes with the use of powder antifriction material and a conductor
Authors: Marchenko E V , Korotky A A , Popov S I , Marchenko Ju V , Kosenko E E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
When determining the causes of structural defects of a steel rope, the technology of carrying out work on splicing by a team of specialists was studied in detail. Field observations and experimental studies, as well as mathematical modeling of the process of structural defects formation in the rope joint section, allowed to establish that the cause is the imperfection of the existing technology for performing splice work [1-5]. The existing technology directly depends on the experience (professionalism) of a splicing team and provides for the work on splicing, as a solution to a new problem for every hawser, expressed in the design and calculation of the main parameters, according to the established standards of the rope manufacturer. It is noted that this labor function negatively affects a person, causing dangerous and harmful factors of the working environment, such as: severity and intensity of the labor process. Under the influence of dangerous and harmful factors, the specialist is subject to: static and dynamic overload, mental overstrain, neuropsychiatric overload, which negatively affect a person and, as a result, affect the quality of the work performed as a whole. The total accumulation of dangerous factors in the course of work leads to the decrease in the quality of the obtained results and deviation from the normalized indicators, which is unacceptable and leads to the formation of structural defects of a steel rope.
Evaluation of the structural stability of welded joints in welding
Authors: Schepkin V , Poletaev Yu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Brittle (intergranular) destruction of the heat-affected zone metal (local failure) of welded joints of power equipment during welding and heat treatment (tempering) was an unexpected and serious problem. Its solution based on the development of progressive technological solutions is an urgent task of modern power engineering. The article considers an applied method of fluctuation analysis for assessing the stability of the structure and the probability of local destruction (LD) of the metal of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of thick-walled welded structures of power equipment made of low-alloy steel 15Kh2NMFA. A computational - experimental method for calculating the range of optimal values of heat input is stated. The LD mechanism is stated and its connection with the technology and thermal conditions of welding and the structural stability of the HAZ metal is established. It was found that the growth of austenite grains of the HAZ metal stimulates the tendency to LD, if a dendrid-type carbide phase is precipitated at grain boundaries during welding. By optimizing the heat input during welding, it is possible to control the structural and chemical homogeneity of the HAZ metal and the associated tendency to form LD.
Determination of short circuit location in the electric railway traction
Authors: Bykadorov A L , Zarutskaya T A , Muratova- Milekhina A S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the problem of improving the accuracy of determining the location of a short circuit in the AC railways traction networks. Finding a short circuit can take several hours. An urgent task is reducing the time to search for a fault location. The purpose of the study is to develop a method that increases the accuracy of determining the location of a short circuit in AC traction networks. The method is based on computer modeling of inhomogeneities in the structure of the traction network and the arc. The proposed method makes it possible to take into account the arc resistance. The method was tested on the traction network active section. The error of the method is 200-300 meters. The method can find practical application in the work of dispatchers.
Automation of ac electric-traction NetWare digital protective relay operational control
Authors: Kubkina O V , Lysenko V G 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The widespread use of microprocessor-based digital protective relay from various manufacturers, the expansion of the programmable protective relay terminals’ functional composition, the lack of hardware, software and algorithmic support unification, problems of electromagnetic protection necessitate consideration of the issues of digital protective relay operational control automation [1-3]. The authors believe that the attention paid by operating services to the means and methods of the AC electric-traction netware protective relay Functional check is insufficient. Monitoring the correct protection functioning in real time when it is triggered by a short circuit makes it possible to identify all types of incorrect actions of the instrument units until the failure of the entire protection as a whole. The most common failures, such as “false response” and “unnecessary operation”, are detected with a probability close to unity [4-6]. The article discusses the principles of building a system of protective relay Functional check, applicable for all types of electric-traction netware protection that are currently in operation. Logical equations are given to identify incorrect actions of protective relay.
Modeling and calculation of SC currents for alternative group grounding system for the dc contact line supports
Authors: Osipov V A , Osipova A I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The problem of creating a mathematical model of the group grounding system of the contact line supports is considered. The paper considers an alternative way of organizing group grounding. For such a method of grounding, a model of a section of a DC railroad is proposed, which makes it possible to calculate the SC current. An analysis of the constructed model quality is carried out, an assessment of the calculation error according to the proposed method is given.
Application of the recurrent mathematical model for estimating the electric-traction NetWare parameters at their dynamic change
Authors: Kapkayev A A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the possibility of applying the methods of successive approximations in the analysis of the instantaneous scheme of the electric-traction netware. The described approach makes it possible to improve the accuracy of modeling the dynamic modes of traction power supply sections operation, and also makes it possible to significantly improve the process of modeling diagnostic and control systems for electric rolling stock at the design stage, based on a more accurate model of dynamically changing input parameters of the electric-traction netware, depending on their required level.
Application of the train congestion recovery method for constructing an instantaneous direct current railway section
Authors: Osipov V A , Logunova P A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Improving the energy efficiency of the transportation process is one of the key tasks, the solution of which is one of the priority areas of the holding JSC «RZD» research. The successful solution of this problem depends, among other things, on the effectiveness of measures taken to reduce energy losses arising from electricity transmission to the consumer, which is the rolling stock of electrified railways. To develop a set of organizational and technical measures aimed at minimizing electricity consumption, an effective apparatus that provides determination of energy losses amount of in the electric-traction netware in real time is needed. The article proposes a method for hardware-analytical calculation of energy losses, which is based on an algorithm for processing the results of direct measurements. It is proposed to calculate power losses using laws and relationships known from the course of electrical engineering. A distinctive feature of the proposed method is the function of recreating the instantaneous circuit based on the data of currents and voltages measurements at the control points of a given section. The proposed method is suitable for use exclusively on DC electrified railways. Also, the paper presents the methods for determining energy losses used today in Russia, and gives their brief characteristics. The logical and mathematical apparatus of the method is described in detail, indicating the possible reasons that, in the process of synthesizing instantaneous circuits, can affect the occurrence of errors. An assessment of the study results of this method application in the electric-traction netware of railways is given.