bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using written task answer sheets as notes while speaking: changing task-report practices in a second language book club
Authors: Ro Eunseok 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe current study extends upon recent Conversation Analysis research on literacy events in second language (L2) educational settings. The study investigates the use of task answers as notes in an L2 book club member’s task report practices, including how he looks for things to say, how he chooses to read aloud, and how his task-report practices change over time with explicit instruction. Specifically, this case study shows how a facilitator’s specific instruction to not use task answers as notes during second orientation works as a catalyst for the L2 student to move from heavy to less reliance on his written answers to complete his task report. The findings offer insights into the way the student uses his task answer sheets as an affordance for managing an L2 task and how his changing task-report practices with the textual resource better meet the institutional agenda, one of which is to provide a venue for members to practice English as a second language.
The rhetorical structure of analytical writing: a developmental approach
Authors: Vilar Hugo , Tolchinsky Liliana 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Analytical writing is an academic genre that combines features of expository and argumentative discourse. Although the ability to write analytically is crucial to succeed at school and beyond, the pathway to master this type of writing mode has rarely been explored. We analyzed the writings of 226 native-speakers of Iberian Spanish from elementary school, high school and university levels, each of whom wrote two texts in Spanish. Three types of rhetorical moves were identified based on the communicative goals of analytical writing: expository, argumentative, and assertive. The findings show a developmental improvement in rhetorical structure and a transition from assertion-based texts, where writers focus on their own standpoint as the pivot of the text, to exposition-based texts, where presentation and discussion of data and of evidence become more dominant.
Investigation on the Effect of Different Lands on Trailing Edge Slot Film Cooling
Authors: Xu Yang , Zhu Hui-ren , Xu Wei-jiang , Wei Jian-sheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Trailing edge slot film cooling is a widely used method for protecting the trailing edge of turbine blades from hot gas impingement. The structures that separate the slots, known as “lands,” come in a variety of configurations. This paper presents the effects of the trailing edge with different lands on the film cooling performance. Experimental studies are conducted on the film cooling effectiveness and Nusselt number with different lands. Four trailing edge configurations, including the straight lands, the beveling lands, the fillet lands and the tapered lands are considered under four blowing ratios (0.5, 0.7, 1.0 and 1.5). The Reynolds numbers of mainstream is fixed as 375,000. Film cooling effectiveness and Nusselt number performances are measured by transient liquid crystal measurement technique. Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulation with realizable k-ε turbulence model and enhanced wall functions are performed using a commercial code Fluent. In each case, the slot height is kept constant. It is shown that the beveling lands, the fillet lands and the tapered lands have higher cooling effectiveness and lower Nusselt number compared with the straight lands. Under higher blowing ratios, the trailing edges of all four lands have higher cooling effectiveness and higher Nusselt number.
Rasgos de personalidad de escolares adolescentes en entorno conflictivo
Authors: Vera-Delgado Montserrat Guadalupe , Márquez-Gamiño Sergio , Caudillo-Cisneros Cipriana , Sotelo-Barroso Fernando , Cordova-de los Santos Víctor , Vera-Delgado Karla Susana 
Published: February 2021

La adolescencia, periodo de transición entre infancia y madurez, presenta cambios físicos y psicológicos al adquirir un rol social nuevo. Varios fenómenos epidemiológicos afectan la transición. No existen en México estudios que investiguen sistemáticamente rasgos de personalidad adolescente. Es importante identificar oportunamente rasgos, sustratos potenciales para conductas de riesgo social. El presente trabajo caracterizó rasgos de personalidad en adolescentes de entornos conflictivos. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio, transversal y prospectivo mediante aplicación del MMPI-A, el BETA-III y un cuestionario demográfico en sesión colectiva única a adolescentes estudiantes de secundaria n = 24; 45.8% mujeres y 54.2% hombres; x = 15 ± 0.5 años. Hipocondriasis (Hs) e Histeria (Hi) mostraron puntuaciones T elevadas en más del 50% de participantes; puntuaciones T bajas predominaron en escalas de contenido. Las escalas con puntajes altos se ligan a transgresión, desorden de estrés postraumático y desórdenes alimentarios, aunque, sin ser contundentes, podrían representar un substrato para interacciones sociales conflictivas.
Efecto ototóxico de n-hexano y etilbenceno en personas con exposición laboral a mezclas de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV)
Authors: Ruiz-García Liliana Karina , Márquez Gamiño Sergio , Jiménez-Garza Octavio , Carrieri Mariella 
Published: February 2021

Algunos compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) en exposiciones laborales o experimentales han mostrado potencial ototóxico. El objetivo es evaluar signos preclínicos de ototoxicidad en personas con exposición laboral a mezclas de COV. Se evaluó la función auditiva mediante potenciales evocados auditivos del tallo encefálico. Se midieron también los niveles individuales de exposición a COV y sus metabolitos urinarios en personas expuestas y no expuestas a COV. Se obtuvo como resultado que los tiempos de latencia media de la onda V a 70 decibeles y los intervalos I-V y I-III fueron mayores en personas expuestas (p < 0.01; p = 0.01 y p = 0.02, respectivamente). Se encontró correlación positiva entre niveles de exposición a n-hexano y el intervalo I-III (r = 0.62, p = 0.02); para los niveles de etilbenceno también se encontró tendencia a la correlación positiva (r = 0.54, p = 0.05). Estos resultados indican daño central en la vía auditiva, secundario a la exposición a etilbenceno y n- hexano en personas expuestas a mezclas de COV.
Demographics and Incident Location of Gunshot Wounds at a Single Level I Trauma Center
Authors: Benton Blair , Watson David , Ablah Elizabeth , Lightwine Kelly , Lusk Ronda , Okut Hayrettin , Bui Thuy , Haan James M 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Little is known surrounding the demographic and geospatial factors of firearm-related traumas in the Midwest Region. The purpose of this study was to describe the overall incidence of firearm-related traumas and examine any racial/ethnic disparities that may exist.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all patients 14 years or older who were admitted with a gunshot wound (GSW) to a Level I trauma center between 2016 and 2017.
Results: Forty-nine percent of patients were Caucasian, 26.5% African American, and 19.6% Hispanic/Latino. Hispanic/Latino patients were the youngest (25.8 ± 8.8) and Caucasians were the oldest (34.3 ± 14.1, P = 0.002). Compared to Caucasian patients, African American (42.0%) and Hispanic/Latino (54.1%) patients were more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (P = 0.034) and experienced longer ICU lengths of stay (2.5 ± 6.3 and 2.4 ± 4.7, P = 0.031, respectively). African American patients (96.0%) experienced more assaults while Caucasians were more likely to receive gunshot wounds accidentally (26.9%, P = 0.001). More African American (86.0%) and Hispanic/Latino (89.2%) patients were injured with a handgun and Caucasians sustained the highest number of shotgun/rifle related injuries (16.1%, P = 0.012). Most GSWs occurred in zip codes 67202, 67203, 67213, 67211, and 67214. Geographical maps indicated that GSWs were concentrated in low-income areas and areas with high minority populations. Conclusions: Racial differences were noted, however, unlike national trends, most of our patients were older Caucasian males.
Basic Life Support Awareness and Knowledge in High School Students
Authors: Chilappa Rishit , Waxman Michael 
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States1. When cardiovascular disease results in cardiac arrest, the ability to perform basic life support (BLS) can change the outcome from death to survival. There is no definitive statistical data on high schoolers’ awareness of BLS.
METHODS. A survey-based research study was conducted to find high schoolers’ awareness of BLS. 105 students, primarily from Kansas City suburbs, took a survey with questions ranging from their views on whether BLS courses should be integrated into the high school curriculum to the steps they would take when a person collapses on the ground. Results were analyzed to determine the students’ knowledge of different aspects of BLS and their interest in taking a BLS course in school.
RESULTS. Over 70% of the students would take a BLS course should it be offered in a high school class. Most students answered questions regarding BLS steps correctly but lacked critical knowledge on an automated external defibrillator (AED).
CONCLUSIONS. We have found that although over 70% of the students were aware of the basics of BLS, most students lacked knowledge on the critical aspects of BLS, such as the use of an AED. Most students recognize the importance of BLS in the high school curriculum and would acquire the skills in a high school class. We conclude that introducing a BLS course in the high school curriculum would improve the students’ knowledge and contribute to improved survival rates of victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest2.
Conceptual Bases of Full Realization of Women's Labour and Entrepreneurial Activity
Authors: Et al. Zulfiqarova Dilfuza Gulomjanovna 
Published: February 2021

Today, the problem of poverty has emerged as a global problem in all countries of the world. Due to the difference in economic development, poverty is different and has a relative meaning. Prevention and reduction of poverty and improving the quality of life of the people, increasing the interest and aspirations of women in women's entrepreneurship, creating favorable conditions for the development of their entrepreneurial activities are the main foundations of today's reforms. In a country where there is a gap between the incomes of the population, it is clear that there will be poor people. Therefore, poverty cannot be eradicated, but it can be reduced through the development of entrepreneurship. The poverty rate is inversely proportional to the economic level of the country, i.e., in developed economies, the poverty rate is low, and in weak economies it is high. The whole world has turned its attention to solving this problem.
The accession of the Republic of Uzbekistan to global economic processes requires more active participation of women in the economic life of the country. Entrepreneurship is becoming an independent factor of women's sexual freedom in the economic sphere. At a time when society is renewing and entering the world economy, the development of women's entrepreneurship is encouraged. This is the main source of development of the real sector of the economy.
Through the socio-economic development of women's entrepreneurship, it is possible to observe a certain positive effect on achieving sustainable economic development of the country, especially in the prevention of poverty. This article highlights the role of women's entrepreneurship in the country's economy and the problems in its development and their solutions, conclusions and recommendations.
Sustainability of the Smart phone applications usage in rural India –An empirical study
Authors: Dennis Joseph Souvik Roy, 
Published: February 2021

The Indian smart phone applications market is really flourishing with India ranked as number one in terms of the downloads made via Android and Google play store. However the smart phone application penetration is still low in rural India as compared to its urban part. This study is first of its kind which tries to explore two things, one the reasons, why rural Indian market is not growing in terms of smart phone application downloads/usage and second some antecedents that can affect the behavioral intention of rural customers for increased smart phone application usage. For this study authors resorted to ethnographic in-depth interview during pre-test stage followed by collecting of responses through administrated questionnaires in the second part. Around 346 responses were collected from ten villages in Rangareddy district in Telangana state, in India. SEM was used as the statistical tool to run the hypothesis. In terms of smart phone application development, this study is unique one which tries to throw light immensely on how the marketers/developers can increase the sustainability of smart application usage among rural consumers which happens to be an untouched profitable segment till this point of time.
Social Implications of the Social Media Use by Students with Disabilities at the University of Jordan: Facebook as a Model
Authors: Et al. Hisham A. Almakanin 
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to measure the benefits of using the social media website as perceived by students with disabilities at the University of Jordan. The sample consisted of 150 students with disabilities and used a 5-point Likert scale to rank the perceived benefits on a 12-item survey. On average, the students indicated that using social media websites provided a moderate level of social benefits. In contrast, the students indicated that social media websites provided a high level of social benefit for increasing the number of new friends, deepening their relationship with others who have a disability or who are concerned with disabilities, and identifying societal attitudes toward disability and disability support services.
New Technology of Cotton Sowing
Authors: Aypara Djoldasova Kurbanova, Gafurjan Israilovich Muhamedov Kamaridin Urinovich Komilov, 
Published: February 2021

The possibility of using bulk waste of the chemical industry - phosphogypsum as a useful resource is considered. The results of scientific research and practical experience convincingly proved the technical feasibility and feasibility of using phosphogypsum in the national economy instead of traditional types of natural raw materials. A brief description of phosphogypsum, promising areas for its processing, and some statistics are presented.
The article is about the use of chemical ameliorant based on phosphogypsum for effective feedingin various soil and climatic zones for cereals, vegetables, industrial and other crops, to increase the yield of cotton and the technological quality of its fiber. That the use of phosphogypsum as a chemical ameliorant improves the chemical, physical and water-physical properties of saline soils.
The article describes a new technology of cotton sowing in the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The technology of soil treatment and methods of measuring for preventing crust formation are analyzed. The used mechanisms, units and are justified.
Positive Impacts of Covid-19 Pandemic on Various Aspects
Authors: Sharma Aditya 
Published: February 2021

During the year 2020, our globe has faced a disastrous monster in the form of a microscopic virus. Innumerable lives have suffered across various countries and the loss is indeterminable. Sadness, grief, fear and anxiety has taken over all families of those suffering from the deadly virus. The virus has changed the outlook to most aspects. Even in the past, pandemics and infectious diseases as such have put humans in a position to initiate their world anew. The corona pandemic seems to have similar consequences. Apart from the boredom, helplessness, uncertainty of the future, nations also battle against various other issues like economic crises and climatic changes. Living through the pandemic, even though our worlds have shrunk to our house mates and our laptops, but the entire globe stands in it together fighting the common enemy. And more importantly, the pandemic has also brought in some positive changes into the lives of the people as well as on different nations as a whole. The objective of this article is to draw your attention towards the positive impacts of the Covid 19 pandemic. Despite the various drawbacks of the global pandemic, it has also helped our nation and the whole world in various ways.
Response and Coping Measures of Various Countries to Attenuate the Spread of Covid-19
Authors: Altaf Alifya 
Published: February 2021

The headlines of the year, the coronavirus pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also popularly known as covid 19.The news of the outbreak first originated from Wuhan, China in 2019 December.
The modes by which the virus can spread are various, including small droplets released into the surrounding on coughing sneezing or talking.These small droplets land on various surfaces or any object known as fomites and in some cases can also remain in the air as suspended particles infecting many others breathing the same.On touching these contaminated surfaces, most people acquire the virus on their hands which can enter the body when these unwashed hands are bought to face.The virus is capable of spreading thoughout the course of infection or even before one has developed symptoms but it is the most communicable during the first three days of infection. In some cases, patients may remain asymptomatic but can still spread the virus to other healthy contacts.
The virus is manifested in the form of influenza-like symptoms mostly as fever and cough. Some also complain of shortness of breath and loss of sense of taste and smell.Complicationsscan occur like pneumonia with severe shortness of breathandalso acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome.The incubation period, which is the time taken for the symptoms to appear from the day of entry of the virus into ones symptoms is 5 days but can also range from around 2 to 14 days. Vaccines and definitive treatment are still undergoing human trials but none are known to show any proven cure. Primarytreatmentsissymptomaticandsupportivetherapy.
Pathophysiology Of Corona Virus Infection and COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dr. Swaroopa Chakole Bhavesh Surkar, 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND
The new entrant in the coronavirus family named novel coronavirus or SARS-COV-2 cases the COVID-19 which has proven deadly surpassing the one million deaths mark due to the said disease.
SUMMARY
The COVID-19 is wreaking havoc in all parts of the world and needs constant monitoring to establish some trends in order to device containment plans. The study of its epidemiology and pathophysiology is crucial as the viral strain is new and chance of mutation is high among it. Diagnosis and identifying the infected person must be followed by proper treatment in order to cure him and stop the viral spread. Clinical management and if required post treatment management of the infected person should be handled carefully as some patients with comorbidities are prone to severe symptoms.
CONCLUSION
More study needs to be done in order to constantly aligned the plan according to the clinical conditions. From non-pharmacological interventions to immune booster diet all the measures must be employed if it helps but only after establishing proper positive correlation between its effectiveness and treatment.
Cytokine Storm in Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Begum Mehnaj 
Published: February 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the latest global issue which has threatened the medical fraternity since its earliest reports on December 31, 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has had a negative impact on global healthcare systems disturbing every aspect of normal human life. COVID-19 infection is distinguished by scope of various epidemiological and pathological features, including high cytokine levels in the blood, leading to an uncontrolled abnormalityresponse known as “cytokine storm”.
Accumulating evidence from various clinical trials and studies suggest that this cytokine storm is related with increased intensity of COVID‐19 leading to mortality. It is essential to urgently establish the immunopathogenesis of the COVID-19 cytokine storm in the search of proper therapy of COVID disease.In this review article we have discussed the presentcomprehension of the attributes of COVID-19 and the clinical features, immunopathological mechanisms, and management of the COVID‐19 induced cytokine storm, especially in severe cases.
Various clinical trials in COVID-19 infected patientshas shown a strong evidence between cytokine production upregulation in severe and critical COVID-19 infected patients and mortality. Considering that the majority of cases of respiratory system and multiorgan failure are caused due to the continuous massive cytokine release, implementation of therapeutics that attenuate this overregulated inflammatory response can perhaps be a possible treatment for severe COVID-19 patients. Thus therapeutic methods for cytokine storm treatment in the pathology of severe COVID-19 infection warrant special attention.
We have discussed the immunopathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection and the induced cytokine storm and its. In addition, we explored treatment approaches to reverse overactive inflammation in severe COVID-19 infected patients.
Respiratory Care in Corona
Authors: Dr. Swaroopa Chakole Mustafa Amdani, 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND
The expanse of the coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 is huge. The impact is multispectral and affected almost all aspects of human life.
SUMMARY
Respiratory impact of the COVID-19 is the most felt and widely reported impact. As the novel coronavirus maintained its history of affecting lungs as seen previously in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak. Ventilators and oxygen support system are required mostly in comorbid patients particularly amongpatientsbearing illnesses like asthma, bronchial impairment and so on.
CONCLUSION
More study needs to be done in order to assess the impact on the respiratory functioning of the body. Respiratory care must be including proper instruments so that more efficient result can be obtained. Research is needed to promote the invention of specific therapy for targeted action for respiratory functioning improvement.