bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties on Plant Species Composition and Diversity Along an Elevation Gradient Over Alpine Grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: Han Wangya , Chen Li , Su Xukun , Liu Dan , Jin Tiantian , Shi Songlin , Li Tao , Liu Guohua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background and aims Alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is sensitive and fragile, and it is subject to serious degradation. It is essential to determine the effects of soil parameters on plant species to explain grassland degradation. Methods We classified plant communities into six types based on hierarchical clustering. Then we analyzed the effects of soil physico-chemical properties on plant species composition and diversity by canonical ordination and spatial regression from an elevation perspective. Results Elevation class had significant effects on soil moisture content, soil pH, and soil available nitrogen content. The primary soil parameter affecting plant species composition and diversity in alpine grassland was soil available nitrogen content. The effect of soil available nitrogen content on plant species richness varied at different elevations. For Gramineae plants (G), plant species richness declined with the increase in soil available nitrogen content at low elevation, but rose at middle elevation. Soil available nitrogen content had a more significant limiting effect on species richness at high elevation. Conclusion Analyzing the relationship between plant species and soil physico-chemical properties increases our understanding of grassland degradation, and will improve grassland restoration programs and responses to climate change.
Identification of A Novel CYP4V Gene In The Polychaete Perinereis Aibuhitensis: Transcriptional Comparison With CYP4B Exposed To PAHs
Authors: Zhao Huan , Wang Lili , Lei Yan , Wang Yinan , Yang Dazuo , Zhou Yibing , Yuan Xiutang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Polychaete worms can biotransform polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environments, and the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme plays an important role in this process. Herein, a novel cytochrome P450 gene was identified and characterized from the polychaete worm Perinereis aibuhitensis. The full-length cDNA, which is named CYP4V82, is 1709 bp encoding a protein of 509 amino acids and has high similarity to CYP4V. The expression levels of CYP4V82 and CYP4BB4 (a CYP gene identified from P. aibuhitensis in a previous study, Chen et al., 2012) exposure to various concentrations of benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P) (0.5, 2, 4, and 8 μg/L) and same mass concentrations of fluoranthene (Flu, 3.2 μg/L), phenanthrene (Phe, 2.9 μg/L), B[α]P (4.0 μg/L) were detected to identify the function of the CYP4 family in P. aibuhitensis. Compared with CYP4BB4, CYP4V82 mRNA was minimally expressed on day 7 but highly sensitive on day 14. Notably, the expression level of CYP4V82 and CYP4BB4 was relatively different in response to PAHs with different benzene rings of the same concentration. The expression of CYP4V82 in the B(a)P group was the highest, while that of CYP4BB4 in the Phe group was relatively higher than the two other groups. These ﬁndings suggest that PAHs are associated with the induction of CYP4V82 and CYP4BB4 expressions, which may have different efficiencies in the detoxiﬁcation of PAHs.
The Emergence of New Cycles of Marital Adjustment Following the Myocardial Infarction: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sarhadi Mahdieh , Navidian Ali , Rabori Roghayeh Mehdipour , Nouhi Esmat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Living with cardiovascular diseases can make significant changes in continuing marriage and marital adjustment. Therefore, the present study examines the effects of myocardial infarction on couples' relationships and aims to explain how to create new cycles in couples' marital adjustment following infarction.Methods: To this end, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with six patients with myocardial infarction and seven spouses with a mean age of 54 years in two teaching hospitals located in southeast of Iran in 2020-2021. Interviews were immediately transcribed and content-analysed on a contractual basis. MAXQDA2020 was used to classify the data, and data analysis was performed using the proposed Lundman & Graneheim method.Results: The results showed that couples began to redefine marital interactions, re-evaluate life, optimize decision-making processes, and better manage their marital conflicts after the disease.Conclusion: The present study showed how the disease breaks down the structures and interactions of couples. Couples create new changes and cycles in their marital life to maintain and survive together after passing the acute stage of the disease to develop their marital adjustment process. Therefore, considering the positive cycles created, the present study results can be used in health education, nursing caring, organizing consultations, and designing supportive interventions for patients with myocardial infarction and their spouses.
Expression of ERG in Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Patients: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall
Authors: Huang Wenyong , Zhang Wen , Zeng Lei , Zheng Yueer , Hu Fangfang , Liu Fanrong , Li Weisong , Guo Guangxiu , Li Lixiang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The Ets-related gene (ERG) is the member of ETS family of transcription factors, which commonly expressed in Ewing's sarcoma. Recently, we found that ERG can also express in lymphoblastic lymphoma. The aim of this article is to analyze the ERG expression in lymphoblastic lymphoma. Methods: The patients of lymphoblastic lymphomas who had undergone fine needle aspiration or surgical operation from 2017 to 2021 in the second affiliated hospital of Nan-Chang university were collected and examined. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to evaluate the expression of ERG. Results: In this study, 20 T-lymphoblastic lymphomas and 4 B-lymphoblastic lymphomas were investigated for the expression of ERG. Our findings showed that ERG was expressed in 8 of the 20 (40%) T-lymphoblastic lymphomas, and 3 of the 4 (75.0%) B-lymphoblastic lymphomas. Conclusions: This report shows that ERG can express in lymphoblastic lymphomas, and highlights a potential diagnostic pitfall in the diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma, which urges pathologists to exercise caution in cases where ERG-positivity and illustrates the need for further immunohistochemical examination to avoid misdiagnosis.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Following A Paired Associative Stimulation Protocol Based On A Videogame Potentiates Cortical Plasticity And Motor Behavior
Authors: Agustín Arantzazu San , Asín-Prieto Guillermo , Moreno Juan C , Oliviero Antonio , Pons José L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) can induce synaptic plasticity potentiation following a paired associative stimulation (PAS) protocol, synchronizing a TMS single pulse with a movement task, named movement-related cortical stimulation (MRCS). However, MRCS plasticity induction and performance potentiation has been related exclusively to single movement tasks.MethodIn order to unveil the changes in motor learning produced by the MRCS protocol in complex movements, associated to Activities of Daily Living (ADL), we induced PAS changes in synchronization with a movement-related dynamic task by performing a customized videogame. We measured the task performance as well as nervous system excitability neuromodulation in 22 healthy subjects, analyzing Reaction Time (RT) and the peak-to-peak amplitude of the Motor Evoked Potentials (MEPs) respectively. The MEPs were recorded in the main task executor muscle, Abductor Pollicis Brevis (APB), and a secondary muscle, Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM), before, right after, and 30 minutes after the intervention, in a real against sham group experimental parallel design. ResultsPAS application in synchronization with a complex task resulted in a motor performance potentiation effect, inducing shorter RTs when compared to the sham group. Moreover, it triggered long-term corticospinal plasticity mechanisms reflected in a MEP amplitude depression for the APB muscle at the higher intensity of recruitment curve and an enhancement of the corticospinal excitability of ADM muscle at around threshold intensity. RTs and ADM MEP amplitudes correlated positively in around threshold and high intensity assessments.ConclusionsWe conclude that the proposed PAS protocol facilitated the learning of time-accuracy movement in complex movement tasks, even if fatigue could be affecting the executor muscle excitability, and enhanced potentiation towards a passive muscle. This phenomenon can be very useful to develop neurorehabilitation strategies with complex movements (more similar to ADLs) and to avoid maladaptive plasticity related likely to fatigue.
Mechanism of Hypoxia-Activated MiR-194 /FoxO3a Inducing Glycolytic Metabolism Reprogramming in Gastric Precancerous Lesions
Authors: Zhang Sheng-xiong , Liu Wei , Ai Bo , Pan Hua-feng , Zhao Zi-ming , Chen Zhe-Sheng , Lin Li-zhu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Early diagnosis and treatment of gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) are key factors for reducing the incidence and morbidity of gastric cancer. The study aimed to examine GPL in mice induced by MNU and to illustrate the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis.Methods: In this study, we utilized an in vivo MNU (N-methyl-N-nitroso-urea)-induced GPL mouse model, Histopathological changes of the gastric mucosa were observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E-stain) and alcian blue (AB-PAS-stain); The level of miR-194-5p in the gastric mucosa were determined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction; We used transmission electron microscopy to observe the effects of MNU on gastric chief cells and parietal cells; We performed immunohistochemical detection of HIF-1α, vWF, Ki-67 and P53, while the changes in protein expression of key genes in LKB1-AMPK and AKT-FoxO3 signaling pathways were detected by western blot analysis.Results: We demonstrated that miR-194-5p expression was upregulated under hypoxia in GPL gastric tissues, and that a high miR-194-5p expression level closely related with tumorigenesis. Mechanistically, miR-194-5p exerted the acceleration of activities related to metabolic reprogramming through LKB1-AMPK and AKT-FoxO3 pathways. Furthermore, similar to miR-194-5p, high expression levels of AMPK and AKT were also related to the metabolic reprogramming of GPL. Moreover, we revealed the correlation between the expression levels of miR-194-5p, p-AMPKα, p-AKT, and FoxO3a. Conclusions: These findings suggest that miR-194-5p/FoxO3 pathway is important for the reversal of metabolic reprogramming in GPL. Thus, exploring strategies to regulate the miR-194-5p/FoxO3a pathway may provide an efficient strategy for the prevention and treatment of GPL.
Shared and Independent Neural Representation Between Visual Perception and Mental Imagery
Authors: Huang Yingying , Pollick Frank , Liu Ming , Zhang Delong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Visual mental imagery and visual perception have been shown to share a hierarchical topological visual structure of neural representation. Meanwhile, many studies have reported a dissociation of neural substrate between mental imagery and perception in function and structure. However, we have limited knowledge about how the visual hierarchical cortex involved into internally generated mental imagery and perception with visual input. Here we used a dataset from previous fMRI research (Horikawa & Kamitani, 2017), which included a visual perception and an imagery experiment with human participants. We trained two types of voxel-wise encoding models, based on Gabor features and activity patterns of high visual areas, to predict activity in the early visual cortex (EVC, i.e., V1, V2, V3) during perception, and then evaluated the performance of these models during mental imagery. Our results showed that during perception and imagery, activities in the EVC could be independently predicted by the Gabor features and activity of high visual areas via encoding models, which suggested that perception and imagery might share neural representation in the EVC. We further found that there existed a Gabor-specific and a non-Gabor-specific neural response pattern to stimuli in the EVC, which were shared by perception and imagery. These findings provide insight into mechanisms of how visual perception and imagery shared representation in the EVC.
Management of Pancreatico-duodenal Arterio-venous Malformation
Authors: marcelin clement , park Auh Whan , gilbert Patrick , bouchard louis , therasse eric , Perreault Pierre , giroux Marie france , Soulez Gilles 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo describe the interventional management and clinical outcome of pancreatico-duodenal arterio-venous malformations (PDAVMs).Material and MethodsSeven patients presenting a PDAVM (6 women, 1 male; mean age: 61) were retrospectively reviewed. Technical, clinical success and complications of embolization and surgical management of symptomatic PDAVMs were assessed. Technical success was defined as a complete occlusion of the PDAVM and clinical success as no clinical symptom or recurrence during follow-up. Patients with asymptomatic PDAVMs were followed clinically, by Doppler ultrasound and CT-angiography.ResultsMean follow-up time was 69 months (15-180). Five symptomatic patients presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (n=3), ascites (n=1), and abdominal pain (n=1). Two patients were asymptomatic. The PDAVMs were classified as follow: Yakes I (1), IIIa (2), IIIb (3) and IV (1). Five symptomatic patients were treated with 9 embolization sessions with arterial approach (onyxÒ, glue, coils) in 7 and venous approach in 2 (plugs, coils, covered stents, STS foam and onyxÒ). Technical success of embolization was 60% (3/5). Devascularization was incomplete for 2 Yakes IIIB patients. Clinical success of embolization was estimated at 80% (4/5) as one patient required additional surgery (Whipple) because of persistent bleeding. One splenic vein thrombosis was treated successfully by mechanical thrombectomy and heparin. No recurrence occurred during follow-up. No progression was documented in asymptomatic patients.ConclusionEmbolization of symptomatic PDAVMs is effective and surgery should be performed in second intention. Complete devascularization is more difficult to obtain in Yakes III PDAVM.
BAP-1 Inhibits Gastric Cancer Progression via PI3K/AKT Pathway by Suppressing FOXK1 Expression
Authors: Mi Chen , Zhao Yan , Ren Li , Zhang Dan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BRCA1-Associated Protein-1 (BAP-1) gene functions as a vital mediator in tumor formation, progression, and metastasis. The involvement of BAP-1 in colon cancer has been widely reported, but the role of BAP-1 in gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate the contribution of BAP-1 in the pathogenesis of GC. qPCR and Western blot assay were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of BAP-1 in GC cell lines. MTT and transwell assay were employed to determine the cell viability, migration, and invasion. Annexin V-PI double staining was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. We reported that BAP-1 was expressed at a low level in GC cell lines. Overexpression of BAP-1 inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoted apoptosis in HGC-27 and AGS cells. BAP-1 inactivated the PI3K/AKT pathway by suppressing Forkhead-box K1 (FOXK1) expression. Moreover, overexpression of FOXK1 reversed the effect of BAP-1 on cell viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and EMT. Our data revealed that BAP-1 inhibits cell viability, migration, invasion, and EMT process and promoted apoptosis in HGC-27 and AGS cells through PI3K/AKT pathway via suppressing FOXK1 expression. Thus, BAP-1 can serve as a potential therapeutic target in GC treatment.
Neuroergonomic Assessment of Developmental Coordination Disorder
Authors: Joshi Shawn , Weedon Benjamin , Esser Patrick , Liu Yan-Ci , Springett Daniella , Meaney Andy , Inacio Mario , Delextrat Anne , Kemp Steve , Ward Tomas , Izadi Hooshang , Dawes Helen , Ayaz Hasan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Until recently, neural assessments of gross motor coordination could not reliably handle active tasks, particularly in realistic environments, and offered a narrow understanding of motor-cognition. By applying a comprehensive neuroergonomic approach using optical mobile neuroimaging, we demonstrated the broader capability for ecologically relevant neural evaluations for the “difficult-to-diagnose” Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), a motor-learning deficit affecting 5-6% of children with lifelong complications. We confirmed that DCD is not an intellectual, but a motor-cognitive disability, as gross motor /complex tasks revealed neuro-hemodynamic deficits and dysfunction within the right middle and superior frontal gyri of the Prefrontal Cortex. Furthermore, by incorporating behavioral performance, aberrant patterns of neural efficiency in these regions were revealed in DCD children, specifically during motor tasks. Lastly, we provide a framework, evaluating disorder impact in real-world contexts to identify those for whom interventional approaches are most needed and open the door for precision therapies.
Effect of Maternal Positioning During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses
Authors: Enomoto Naosuke , Yamashita Tomoyuki , Furuta Marie , Tanaka Hiroaki , Ng Edomond , Matsunaga Shigetaka , Sakurai Atsushi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Although rare, cardiac arrest during pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal death. Recently, its incidence has been increasing worldwide because more pregnant women have risk factors. The provision of early, high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) plays a major role in the increased likelihood of survival; therefore, clinicians should be familiar with its management. Due to the aortocaval compression caused by the gravid uterus, clinical guidelines often emphasise the importance of maternal positioning during CPR, but there has been little evidence regarding which position is most effective.Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, and OpenGrey (updated on April 3, 2021). We included clinical trials and observational studies with reported outcomes related to successful resuscitations. Results: We included eight studies out of the 1,490 screened. All of these were simulation-based cross-over randomised controlled trials examining the quality of chest compressions. No data were available about the survival rates of mothers or fetuses/neonates. Meta-analyses indicated that resuscitation of pregnant women in the 27°–30° left-lateral tilt position lowered the quality of chest compressions, and the rates of correct compression depth and correct hand position decreased by 17% and 9%, respectively when compared with resuscitation in the supine position. Inexperienced clinicians faced difficulties in performing chest compressions in the left-lateral tilt position. Conclusions: Given that manual left uterine displacement allows the patient to remain supine, the resuscitation of women in the supine position using manual left uterine displacement should continue to be supported. Further research is needed to fill knowledge gaps regarding the effects of maternal positioning on clinical outcomes, such as survival rates following maternal cardiac arrest.
Optimization of Fuzzy c-means (FCM) Clustering in Cytology Image Segmentation Using the Gray Wolf Algorithm
Authors: Mohammdian-khoshnoud Maryam , Soltanian Ali Reza , Dehghan Arash , Farhadian Maryam 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Image segmentation is considered an important step in image processing. Fuzzy c-means clustering is one of the common methods of image segmentation. However, this method suffers from drawbacks, such as sensitivity to initial values, entrapment in local optima, and the inability to distinguish objects with similar color intensity. This paper proposes the hybrid Fuzzy c-means clustering and Gray wolf optimization for image segmentation to overcome the shortcomings of fuzzy c-means clustering. The Gray wolf optimizationhas a high exploration capability in finding the best solution to the problem, which prevents the entrapment of the algorithm in local optima. In this study, breast cytology images were used to validate the methods, and the results of the proposed method were compared to those of c-means clustering.Results: FCMGWO has performed better than FCM in separating the nucleus from the other dark objects in the cell. The clustering was validated using Vpc, Vpe, Davies-Bouldin, and Calinski Harabasz criteria. The FCM and FCMGWO methods have a significant difference with respect to the Vpc and Vpe indices. However, there is no significant difference between the performances of the two clustering methods with respect to the Calinski-Harabasz and Davies-Bouldinindices. The results indicate the better efficacy of the proposed method.Conclusions: The hybridFCMGWO algorithm distinguishes the cells better in images with less detail than in images with high detail. However, FCM exhibits unacceptable performance in both low- and high-detail images.
Intraparenchymal Breast Leiomyoma and Atypical Leiomyoma
Authors: Long Mengping , Hu Xuejiao Lina , Zhao Guiyang , Liu Yiqiang , Hu Taobo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction:
Intraparenchymal breast leiomyoma is a rare lesion of breast. The diagnostic criteria to differentiate benign and borderline breast leiomyoma was not yet clear. No atypical leiomyoma of breast parenchyma has been reported.
Case series presentation:
We described one case of leiomyoma and one case of bilateral atypical leiomyoma in breast parenchyma. The morphological features that lead to the diagnosis of atypical leiomyoma include invasive growth pattern, mild nuclear atypia and mitotic figures up to 3mitoses/10HPF.
Conclusion
Due to the limited experience, cases presented as atypical intraparenchymal breast leiomyoma should be closely followed.