bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of preoperative staging of endometrial carcinoma with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography
Authors: Tong Xiaozhen , Wu Xiaofen , Zhang Qiaohong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecologic carcinoma in developed countries and accounts for nearly 5% of carcinoma cases and more than 2% of deaths due to female carcinomas worldwide. Because of this reported risk, it is very important to diagnose and stage it accurately. Therefore, we investigated the staging accuracy of EC with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). Due to a lack of studies on the use of CEUS in staging EC, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Method:
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and CBM for studies on CEUS in EC diagnosis. Our search keywords were “ultrasonic angiography,” “endometrial neoplasms,” and their synonyms. The studies were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 4 tabular data were extracted. Quality evaluation was performed with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) scale. Statistical analysis was done with Stata version 15.1. A random effect model was selected to calculate the pooled sensitivity and specificity. The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was obtained, and the area under the curve was calculated.

Result:
Fifteen studies with 685 patients were included in this quantitative synthesis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio (OR) of CEUS in the diagnosis of EC was 0.81 (95% confidence interval, .76–.85), .90 (.87–.92), 8 (5.8–11.1), .21 (.16–.28), and 38 (22–67), respectively. The area under the curve was 0.93 (.90–.95).

Conclusion:
CEUS has a high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of EC. It can be considered as an effective and feasible method for EC staging.
Qianzheng powder for the treatment of primary Hemifacial spasm
Authors: Chen Baoshan , A Rigun , Yue Ruizhen , Zhang Guangrong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a clinical common neurological disease, its main performance for 1 side or 2 sides muscles (the orbicularis oculi muscle, expression, orbicularisoris muscles) recurrent paroxysmal, involuntary twitching, aggravating when excited or nervous, more severe cases of the disease may include difficulty in opening the eyes, crooked corners of the mouth, and twitching noises in the ears, etc.
[1]
Early manifestations of the disease are intermittent mild convulsions of the orbicularis oculi muscle, and then gradually spread to 1 side of the facial muscles, such as frowning muscles, nasal muscles, buccinalis muscles, etc, especially the most obvious spasms of the oral muscles, which can involve the ipsilateral platysma muscle in severe cases, with each twitch for a few seconds to a few minutes. The disease will affect the quality of life such as speaking, eating, seeing and so on, and even cause psychological effects such as inferiority, anxiety and depression. At present, the incidence of the disease in China is 11 per 1.1 million, females are more common than males. There are many ways to treat HFS, but the Qianzheng powder has a unique advantage in treating this disease. Therefore, our systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qianzheng powder in the treatment of Primary Hemifacial spasm, and to provide a reliable basis for clinical decision makers.

Methods:
From its inception until April 2021, we will search electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and China Scientific Journals Database. The authors will independently sift through studies, extract data information, and assess methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The RevManV. 5.3 software will be used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The results of this study, which will be published in a peerreviewed journal, will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qianzheng powder in the treatment of primary Hemifacial spasm.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will provide reliable evidence-based basis for treating primary Hemifacial spasm with Qianzheng powder.

INPLASY Registration number:
INPLASY202130037.
Femoral nerve block versus fascia iliaca block for pain control in knee and hip arthroplasties
Authors: Fan Xiaohua , Cao Fei , Luo Ailin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficiency of fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) and femoral nerve block (FNB) for pain management in knee and hip surgeries.

Methods:
We searched four electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library database, Web of Science) from inception to January 2019. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Two review authors independently extracted data for each included study. Primary outcomes were visual analogue scale at 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, total morphine consumption, the length of hospital stay and the occurrence of nausea and vomiting. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for continuous outcomes and discontinuous outcomes respectively. We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to assess risk of bias. Stata 12.0 was used for meta-analysis.

Results:
Finally, 7 RCTs involving 508 patients (FICB = 254, FNB = 254) were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with FNB group, FICB has no benefit for visual analogue scale at 12 hours (SMD = 0.02, 95% CI, −0.15 to 0.19; P = .820), 24 hours (SMD = −0.02, 95% CI, −0.22 to 0.18; P = .806), and 48 hours (SMD = −0.02, 95% CI, −0.22 to 0.19; P = .872). No significant differences were found regarding total morphine consumption (SMD = −0.07, 95% CI, −0.29 to 0.15; P = .533). What's more, there was no significant difference between the length of hospital stay and the occurrence of nausea and vomiting (P > .05).

Conclusion:
FICB has equivalent pain control and morphine-sparing efficacy when compared with FNB. More high-quality RCTs are needed to identify the optimal drugs and volume of local infiltration protocols.
Chronic endogenous fungal endophthalmitis: diagnostic and treatment challenges
Authors: Abu Talib Dian Nadia , Yong Meng Hsien , Nasaruddin Rona Asnida , Che-Hamzah Jemaima , Bastion Mae-Lynn Catherine 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EFE) is a sight-threatening complication of systemic fungemia. As the prevalence rises, treatment remains a challenge especially when there is a failure in first-line treatment or drug-resistant fungus. This case report studies a case of chronic EFE, focusing on the diagnostic procedures, treatment options, monitoring parameters and the treatment outcome

Patient concerns:
A 64-year-old man with underlying well controlled diabetes mellitus was treated with 2 weeks’ course of intravenous antifungal fluconazole for pyelonephritis as his blood culture grew Candida albicans. Concurrently, he complained of 3 months of bilateral painless progressive blurring of vision. At presentation, his visual acuity (VA) was light perception both eyes. Ocular examination revealed non granulomatous inflammation with dense vitritis of both eyes.

Diagnosis:
He was diagnosed with EFE but the condition responded poorly with the medications.

Interventions:
He was treated with intravitreal (IVT) amphotericin B and fluconazole was continued. Vitrectomy was performed and intraoperative findings included bilateral fungal balls in the vitreous and retina with foveal traction in the left eye. Postoperatively, vision acuity was 6/24, N8 right eye and 2/60, N unable for left eye with extensive left macular scar and hole. Vitreous cultures were negative. He received multiple IVT amphotericin B and was started on topical steroid eye drops for persistent panuveitis with systemic fluconazole. Ocular improvement was seen after switching to IVT and topical voriconazole. Despite this, his ocular condition deteriorated and he developed neovascular glaucoma requiring 3 topical antiglaucoma agents. Panretinal photocoagulation was subsequently performed.

Outcomes:
At 3 months’ follow-up, his vision acuity remained at 6/24 for right eye and 2/60 for the left eye. There was no recurrence of inflammation or infection in both eyes.

Lessons:
Voriconazole could serve as a promising broad spectrum tri-azole agent in cases of failure in first-line treatment or drug-resistant fungus.
COVID-19 infection manifesting as a severe gastroparesis flare
Authors: Song Jun , Bhuta Rajiv , Baig Kamal , Parkman Henry P. , Malik Zubair 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which commonly presents with symptoms including fever, cough, and dyspnea. More recently, however, some patients have tested positive for COVID-19 after developing gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms either solely or in conjunction with respiratory symptoms. This may be due to SARS-CoV-2 infection of the GI tract. In patients with chronic GI illnesses, COVID-19 may initially present as a flare of their underlying GI conditions as viruses have historically been implicated in exacerbations of GI disorders, including gastroparesis.

Patient concerns:
We report a case of a 37-year-old female with a history of diabetic gastroparesis who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with nausea and vomiting similar to her gastroparesis flares.

Diagnoses:
Her symptoms in the ED failed to improve with fluids and anti-emetic medications. After developing a fever, she was tested and found to be positive for COVID-19.

Interventions:
She was started on antibiotic, steroid, and antiviral medications.

Outcomes:
Her symptoms improved, her fever defervesced on day 4 of hospitalization, and she was discharged on day 5 of hospitalization. The patient reported symptom improvement at a follow-up outpatient gastroenterology visit 2 months after hospitalization.

Lessons:
To the best of our knowledge, at the present time, this is the first report of a patient with COVID-19 presenting with signs and symptoms of a gastroparesis flare. This case illustrates that COVID-19 may present in an exacerbation of symptoms of an underlying disorder, such as a severe gastroparesis flare, in a patient with underlying gastroparesis. Initial presentation of these patients manifesting as a flare of their chronic GI disease, more severe than usual, should prompt an index of suspicion for COVID-19.
The complete spectrum of pentalogy of Cantrell in one of a set of dizygotic twins
Authors: Zvizdic Zlatan , Sefic-Pasic Irmina , Mesic Amira , Terzic Sabina , Vranic Semir 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Pentalogy of Cantrell (POC) is an extremely rare syndrome with an estimated incidence of 1:65,000 to 200,000 live births. Its complete form includes a midline epigastric abdominal wall defect, defects affecting the lower sternum, anterior diaphragm, diaphragmatic pericardium, and various intracardiac defects.

Patient concerns:
We report a case of complete POC affecting only the first-born of a set of premature dizygotic twins.

Diagnosis:
A giant omphalocele with an eviscerated liver and bowel on prenatal, obstetric ultrasonography at 24 gestational weeks was observed. At birth, physical examination confirmed a massive (10 × 8 cm) epigastric omphalocele in which a significant part of the liver was seen. A postnatal echocardiogram revealed the presence of an ostium secundum atrial septal defect, perimembranous ventricular septal defect, and moderate pulmonary stenosis. X-ray showed an abnormal intrathoracic positioned stomach, which was confirmed with a plain x-ray of the upper intestinal tract with hydrosoluble contrast. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed the sternum's absence and a close connection between the pericardial sac and the stomach wall.

Interventions:
The patient underwent surgical intervention at 18 days of age.

Outcomes:
Despite adequate and appropriate postoperative treatment, the baby rapidly deteriorated and died 72 hours after surgery.

Lessons:
POC is a complex, high-mortality syndrome whose management requires a multidisciplinary approach and meticulous planning. Despite all efforts, POC carries a poor prognosis, particularly in patients affected by its complete form.
Clinical evaluation of high intensity interval training exercise in coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Cheng Xiaohui , Huang Jian , Zhu Jing , Li Hui , Gu Haibo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Although the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) was gradually explicit, little is explored about the role and the validity of HIIT on patients following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). As far as we know, no evidence has been established to assess HIIT program for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients attending cardiac rehabilitation after PCI. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of HIIT program for CHD patients attending cardiac rehabilitation after PCI.

Methods:
Seven electronic databases including Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Wanfang Data, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library will be searched in March 2021 by 2 independent reviewers. Study included in this systematic review and meta-analysis has to meet all of the following inclusion criteria in the PICOS order:
Data extraction will be performed independently, and any conflict will be resolved before final analysis. Review Manager software (v 5.3; Cochrane Collaboration) is used for the meta-analysis.

Results:
The results of this research will be delivered in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
This study expects to provide credible and scientific clinical evidence for the efficacy and safety of HIIT program for CHD patients attending cardiac rehabilitation after PCI.

OSF registration number:
10.17605/OSF.IO/AUMR6.
Effect of smartphone app on post-traumatic stress disorder in COVID-19 convalescent patients
Authors: Wang Yunyan , Yang Xia , Chen Haiyan , Xu Yanfang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) seriously affects humans’ health worldwide physically and mentally. Studies revealed that the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increased under this condition. PTSD can change the structure of patients’ central nervous system, and increase the risk of anxiety or depression, thus greatly affecting the quality of patients’ life and their families. PTSD is preventable, and the effects of early prevention are better. Non-drug intervention can prevent or reduce the psychological sequelae after hospitalization, help patients understand the experience during hospitalization, and be beneficial to their psychological rehabilitation. Whether smartphone app based intervention can be an alternative therapy for PTSD in terms of COVID-19 convalescent patients is still controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the effects of smartphone app based intervention on PTSD in COVID-19 convalescent patients, so as to provide some guidance for clinical application.

Methods:
The literatures that are related to the smartphone app based intervention and PTSD in COVID-19 convalescent patients from inception to February 2021 will be searched. The following databases are our focused areas: ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials repositories, PubMed, EmBase, and Web of Science databases. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2 investigators would independently screen the literature extract data and evaluate the risk of bias in the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan5.3 software.

Results:
The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of our study could provide evidence for the judgment of whether smartphone app based intervention is an effective intervention on PTSD in COVID-19 convalescent patients.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42021240340.
Impact of a Resiliency Training to Support the Mental Well-being of Front-line Workers
Authors: Grabbe Linda , Higgins Melinda K. , Baird Marianne , Pfeiffer Katherine M. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Front-line workers (FLW) are at risk for secondary traumatic stress, burnout, and related psychiatric sequelae: depression, anxiety, suicidality, posttraumatic stress disorder, and sleep and substance use disorders. FLW are in need of self-care programs to support their mental health.

Methods:
Quasi-experimental study to assess the impact of a simple mental well-being and emotional regulation training, the Community Resiliency Model (CRM), using a convenience sample of FLW. Baseline scores of mental well-being and stress measures were compared with follow-up scores at 3 time points. Outcomes were psychological wellness (World Health Organization-5 Well-being Index); resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10); traumatic stress (Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale); physical symptoms (Somatic Symptom Scale-8).

Results:
Of the 104 participants who enrolled and attended the CRM training, 73 (70.2%) completed at least 1 posttest. Well-being scores increased at 1 year with a small-moderate effect size (Cohen d=0.32). Resilience scores increased with a small-moderate effect size by 1 year (Cohen d=0.36). Secondary traumatic stress scores declined, with the largest effect at 1 week (Cohen d=0.49). Somatic symptoms decreased at each posttest, with the largest change occurring from baseline to 1 week (d=0.39). Participants reported an awareness of body sensations helped them when overwhelmed as a means of calming themselves.

Conclusions:
After a 3-hour CRM training, participants reported improved mental well-being and decreased secondary traumatic stress and somatic symptoms. This simple body awareness intervention may be a good resource during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Health Care Use and Out-of-pocket Spending by Persons With Dementia Differ Between Europe and the United States
Authors: Lenzen Sabrina , Bakx Pieter , Bom Judith , van Doorslaer Eddy 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Persons with dementia need much care, but what care is used and how the burden of financing is divided between persons with dementia, caregivers, and public programs may differ between countries.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to compare how health care use and out-of-pocket (OOP) spending associated with dementia differ between the United States and Europe, with and without controlling for background characteristics.

Research Design:
We use prospectively collected survey data from the United States-based Health and Retirement Study (n=48,877) and the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (n=98,971) including all adults over the age of 70 years. Dementia status is imputed using a validated algorithm. After first reporting the observed differences in care use, we analyze how care use is associated with dementia using multivariate regressions, controlling for other health conditions and background characteristics.

Results:
Persons with dementia in the United States use 50% less formal home care per year than persons living with dementia in Europe [mean (SD)=236.8 h (1047.4) vs. 463.3 h (1371.2)], but use more nursing home care [75.1 d (131.4) vs. 45.5 d (119.4)). Dementia is associated with higher OOP spending in the United States than Europe [4406 USD (95% confidence interval, 3914–4899) vs. 246 USD (73–418)—2017 price levels].

Conclusions:
Health care use and OOP spending differ between Europe and the United States. The far greater reliance on nursing home care in the United States likely causes much higher expenditures for people with dementia and insurance programs alike.
Pterygoid Base Pneumatization Simulating Residual Disease—A Pitfall of Structural Imaging in Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma
Authors: Sakthivel Pirabu , Thakar Alok , Verma Hitesh , Bhalla Ashu Seith , Arunraj Sreedharan Thankarajan , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression is universal in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, it is commonly used for specifically differentiating recurrences from surgical site reparative tissues. Postoperative contrast-enhanced MRI revealed a residual disease in the left pterygoid base, but there was no PET/CT uptake with 68Ga-labeled PSMA at the same site. In retrospect, in comparison with preoperative PET/CT, it was found that the pterygoid base pneumatization was showing enhancement in contrast-enhanced MRI and not in functional PSMA. Postoperative 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT is a useful clinical tool in ambivalent diagnostic conditions avoiding morbidities.
Increased 68Ga-FAPI-04 Uptake in Schmorl Node in a Patient With Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lin Rong , Lin Zefang , Zhang Jiaying , Yao Shaobo , Miao Weibing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A 78-year-old man with a newly diagnosed gastric adenocarcinoma underwent 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT before treatment. Both 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT demonstrated intense radioactivity in the gastric cancer. However, the benign Schmorl node in the inferior endplate of the T5 vertebrae showed increased uptake of 68Ga-FAPI-04, which was not FDG avid. Two months after radical gastrectomy of the gastric cancer (pT1aN0M0, IA), a follow-up CT showed that the Schmorl node in T5 vertebrae remained unchanged.
Update on MRI for Oral Cavity
Authors: Chi Joan M. , Hagiwara Mari 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice to evaluate the complex anatomy and pathology of the oral cavity. In this article, an overview of MRI findings of common benign lesions in the oral cavity including congenital, vascular, and inflammatory/infectious lesions will be reviewed. In addition, MRI findings of common benign and malignant oral cavity tumors will be presented.
Zero-TE MRI: Potential Applications in the Oral Cavity and Oropharynx
Authors: Smith Mark , Bambach Sven , Selvaraj Bhavani , Ho Mai-Lan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Zero-echo time (ZTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the newest in a family of MRI pulse sequences that involve ultrafast sequence readouts, permitting visualization of short-T2 tissues such as cortical bone. Inherent sequence properties enable rapid, high-resolution, quiet, and artifact-resistant imaging. ZTE can be performed as part of a “one-stop-shop” MRI examination for comprehensive evaluation of head and neck pathology. As a potential alternative to computed tomography for bone imaging, this approach could help reduce patient exposure to ionizing radiation and improve radiology resource utilization. Because ZTE is not yet widely used clinically, it is important to understand the technical limitations and pitfalls for diagnosis. Imaging cases are presented to demonstrate potential applications of ZTE for imaging of oral cavity, oropharynx, and jaw anatomy and pathology in adult and pediatric patients. Emerging studies indicate promise for future clinical implementation based on synthetic computed tomography image generation, 3D printing, and interventional applications.