bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jianpi Huoxue Decoction Ameliorates Alcoholic Liver Disease By Protecting Intestinal Barrier Function in Rats
Authors: Wang Xin , Yao Dongsheng , Xu Lin , Yan Dongming , Zhao Yu , Peng Jinghua , Fu Qilin , Hu Yiyang , Feng Qin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Jianpi huoxue decoction (JHD), a Chinese herbal formula, is commonly applied in clinical practice for treatment of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in China. Involvement of intestinal barrier function is increasingly recognized in the pathogenesis and progression of ALD. The aim of this study was to explore whether JHD on potentially protects intestinal barrier function in ALD rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Model (alcohol-fed) and JHD groups were fed Lieber-DeCarli liquid diets while rats in the control group were fed isocaloric maltose dextrin for six weeks. In the last three weeks of the respective diets, rats were intragastrically administrated JHD. Each rat received a gavage administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) before sacrifice. Gut leakage was evaluated by measuring LPS in the portal blood. Pathological changes in ileum tissue were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Ultrastructural changes of the intestinal tract were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The tight junction (TJ) proteins ZO-1 and occludin were assessed by western blot and immunofluorescence. Myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, a key regulator of TJs, was also assessed by western blot.Results: JHD administration attenuated Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Alcohol feeding increased portal vein plasma LPS levels in the model group. This deleterious effect was decreased in the JHD-treated group. Moreover, ileum tissue H&E staining demonstrated that JHD diminished intestinal inflammation. In addition, TEM indicated that JHD improved focal loosely packed microvilli. Furthermore, expression of ZO-1 and occludin decreased in the ileum tract of model rats. Finally, an increased level of p-MLC in the model group was also observed. JHD treatment reversed phosphorylation of MLC in the ileum.Conclusions: The above results suggest that JHD has potential value in the prevention and treatment of ALD in rats; its mechanism of action may be closely related to its effect on improving intestinal barrier function and attenuating gut leakiness.
Corpse Degradation of Farmed Fish Increases the Abundance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes but Exhibits the Temporal Stability
Authors: Su Wanghong , Li Tongtong , Yu Qiaoling , Feng Tianshu , Yang Jiawei , Li Xiangzhen , Li Huan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Serious concerns have been raised regarding resistomes causing by corpse decomposition in the aquatic environment, which pose threats to the water environment and human health. However, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in large-volume tap water and their temporal stability during corpse decay are poorly explored. Here, high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR) and amplicon sequencing were applied to profile ARGs and bacterial communities in experimental and control groups containing 50 L of tap water at 7th, 15th and 100th day during corpse decomposition. We found that most of the ARGs in experimental groups had higher abundance compared with the control groups independent of time. And the absolute abundance of some ARGs in the carcass groups was even enriched by 259 to 413,640-folds. The tetracycline and beta-lactamase resistance genes of the experimental groups were obviously enriched compared with control groups, and the ARG profiles were convergent during different decay stages, which indicated the long-term persistence of ARGs. Treatment, dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were three important factors determining ARG profiles during corpse decomposition. Twelve opportunistic pathogens, especially Burkholderia, Legionella and Halomonas, remarkably increased as decomposition proceeded. Network analysis showed that opportunistic pathogens were significantly associated with ARGs. Our results emphasize that corpse decay increases the abundance and diversity of ARGs in large-volume drinking water independent of time while exhibits temporal persistence of ARGs, thereby uncovering the harmful effects of animal cadavers. It also provides valuable suggestions for the risk assessment and management of source water caused by corpse decay.
Deformation Superposition Effect of Asphalt Mixture Based on Experiments and Micromechanical Modeling
Authors: Li Chun , Bian Xinxing , Dong Qifeng , Xu Huining 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Under multi-wheel heavy load, the asphalt mixture is prone to exhibit the deformation superposition effect, which exacerbates the damage of pavement structure. Multi-point penetration tests and numerical simulations by discrete element method (DEM) are performed to investigate the deformation superposition effect and micromechanical characteristics of asphalt mixture. The effect of wheel spacing, wheel group, and the evolution of micromechanical deformation superposition behavior are analyzed. Results indicate that the deformation superposition resistance of the asphalt mixture under the multi-wheel load decreases considerably with the increase in wheel spacing and the number of wheels. The DEM simulations reflect the micromechanical property of asphalt mixture in the multi-point penetration test. The reduction of tensile chains is the internal reason for asphalt mixture deformation superposition, indicating the decrease of the adhesive strength of the material. A remarkably positive correlation is found between the reduction of the tensile chain and the deformation effect coefficient. In the process of superposition, the aggregate skeleton force chains are gradually destroyed and decrease to zero until cracking. The numerical simulation outcome is consistent with the laboratory penetration test outcome.
Reliability of Cone Beam CT for Morphometry of Nasolabial Soft Tissue in Patients with Skeletal Class III Malocclusion: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Xu Wenjie , Lu Rui , Hu Yun , Cao Li , Wang Tao , Tan Hao , Meng Xuehuan , Ming Ye , Zheng Leilei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background：Precise measurement of the morphological structure of soft and hard tissues is fundamental to the treatment of malocclusion, but the ability of cone beam CT(CBCT) for soft tissue measurements involves few studies to date. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of CBCT for nasolabial soft tissue measurements in patients with skeletal class III malocclusion based on 3-dimensional(3D) facial scanner results.Methods：CBCT and 3D facial scan images of 20 orthognathic patients were used in this study. 11 soft tissue landmarks and 15 linear and angular measurements were identified and performed. For qualitative evaluation, Shapiro-Wilk Test and Bland-Altman plots were applied to analyze the equivalence of the measurements derived from these two kinds of data. To quantify specific deviation of CBCT measurements from facial scanner, the latter were set as a benchmark, and mean absolute difference(MAD) and relative error magnitude(REM) for each variable were calculated.Results：Statistically significant differences were observed on length measurements of bilateral philtrum crests, width of mouth and angular measurements of the protrusion angle of lower lip, left angle of upper mouth and nasolabial angle between the two methods. The MAD value for all length measurements were less than 2 mm and for angular variables <8°. The average MAD and REM for length measurements was 0.94mm and 5.64% respectively, and 2.27°, 3.78% for angular measurements.Conclusions：Certain inconformity exists in regions of nasal base and lower lip vermilion between CBCT and facial scanner when measuring nasolabial surfaces, but most of them are clinically acceptable. The soft tissue results measured by CBCT showed relatively good reliability and can be used for 3D measurement of soft tissue in the nasolabial region clinically.
Can a Hybrid Decision Support System Effectively Rule Out Prescriptions from Medication Review in Daily Practice? A Randomized Case-Control Study.
Authors: Levivien Clara , Cavagna Pauline , Grah Annick , Courseau Romain , Bézie Yvonnick , Corny Jennifer 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background Medication review is time-consuming and not exhaustive in most French hospitals. We routinely use an innovative hybrid decision support system using Artificial Intelligence to prioritize medication review by scoring prescriptions by their risk of containing at least one medication error.Aim We aimed to demonstrate the digital tool’s ability to improve prescription safety by ruling out prescriptions that are effectively risk-free in daily practice.Methods We conducted a case-control study to compare the rate of pharmaceutical interventions (PI) between low and high-risk prescriptions defined by the tool’s calculated score. Medication orders were reviewed daily by a clinical pharmacist. Proportion of prescriptions with at least one severe medication error was calculated in both groups. Severe medication errors were characterized through a multidisciplinary approach.Results Four hundred and twenty (107 low score and 313 high score) prescriptions were analyzed. A significant difference in the percentage of PI was found between the “low score” (29%) and “high score” (51%) prescriptions (p < 0.001). The percentage of prescriptions with severe medication errors was dramatically decreased in low score prescriptions (2.8% vs. 15,3% respectively; p < 0.05). During the study period, the use of this tool allowed to rule out 55% of all prescriptions in our hospital.Conclusion This new decision support tool is an accurate method to rule out “low score” prescriptions, with an acceptable risk of missing medication errors and can be improved by the integration of future features. It offers a solution to focus pharmaceutical expertise on the most at-risk prescriptions and considerably improve the safety of patients’ care.
Gene Activation via Cre/lox-mediated Excision in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
Authors: Zhang Zhifen , Guo Yinping , Marasigan Kathleen Monfero , Conner Joann A. , Ozias-Akins Peggy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Genetic engineering ideally results in precise spatiotemporal control of transgene expression. To activate transgenes exclusively in a hybrid upon fertilization, we evaluated a Cre/lox-mediated gene activation system with the Cre recombinase expressed by either AtRps5a or AtDD45 promoters that showed activity in egg cells and young embryos. In crosses between Cre recombinase lines and transgenic lines harboring a lox-excision reporter cassette with ZsGreen driven by the AtUbq3 promoter after Cre/lox-mediated recombination, we observed complete excision of the lox-flanked intervening DNA sequence between the AtUbq3pro and the ZsGreen coding sequence in F1 progeny upon genotyping but no ZsGreen expression in F1 seeds or seedlings. The incapability to observe ZsGreen fluorescence was attributed to the activity of the AtUbq3pro. Strong ZsGreen expression in F1 seeds was observed after recombination when ZsGreen was driven by the AtUbq10 promoter. Using the AtDD45pro to express Cre resulted in more variation in recombination frequencies between transgenic lines and crosses. Regardless of the promoter used to regulate Cre, mosaic F1 progeny were rare, suggesting gene activation at an early embryo-developmental stage. Observation of ZsGreen-expressing tobacco embryos at the globular stage from crosses with the AtRps5aproCre lines pollinated by the AtUbq3prolox line supported the early activation mode.
Collagen and PRP in Partial Thickness Rotator Cuff Injuries. Friends or Only Indifferent Neighbours? Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Godek Piotr , Szczepanowska-Wolowiec Beata , Golicki Dominik 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Partial thickness rotator cuff injuries (PTRCI) is the sum of degenerative, overload and microtrauma processes, external supply of collagen and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) could potentially counteract deterioration of degenerative tendinopathy.AIM: Comparison of the effectiveness: collagen with PRP, PRP alone, collagen alone in the treatment of PTRCI.METHODS: Ninety patients with PTRCI treated with US–guided injections into the shoulder bursa every consecutive week: Group A - collagen with PRP (n=30), B - collagen alone (n=30), C - PRP alone (n=30). Primary outcomes: numeric rating scale (NRS), QuickDash and EQ-5D-5L questionnaires in control points: IA (initial assessment), T1, T2, T3 – after 6, 12 and 24 weeks, respectively. Secondary outcomes: number of patients with loss of RC continuity, number of regenerated RC between IA and T3.RESULTS: No statistical difference between groups in primary outcomes, tendency for further improvement in A and C group (opposite to group B) between T2 and T3. The RC discontinuity (n = 3, one case in each group) and RC regeneration (n = 65; 73%, 67% and 77%, in group A, B and C, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Combined therapy of collagen and PRP in PTRCI is not more effective than monotherapies with collagen or PRP. (clinicaltrials.gov - NCT04492748)
Phytochemical Analysis, In Vitro Antioxidant and Wound Healing Activities of Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh from Gulf of Mannar, India
Authors: M Mohamed Saibi K , Balan Leeba , Jamuna Sankar , Babu Ramesh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Turbinaria ornata, tropical brown algae found in the South pacific and Indian Ocean ecosystems. In accordance with recent studies, Turbinaria ornata J. has potent anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study is aimed to explore the biological activities of ethanolic extract of Turbinaria ornata J by analyzing the presence of phytochemical components, antioxidant property, antimicrobial activity and the wound healing activity. From the results, phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of T. ornata showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, oils, total phenolic and total flavanoid content were estimated to be 0.683 Abs and 0.433 Abs respectively. Anti-oxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of T. ornata extract showed remarkable DPPH radical scavenging activity of about 58.8% at 200μg/ml and total anti-oxidant activity of 0.257 absorbance at 100μg/ml concentration, as compared to that of their respective controls. The ethanolic extract of T. ornata exhibited the maximum zone of inhibition against the clinical pathogens like Pseudomonas aeuruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with their potent anti-microbial activity. Wound healing effects of the ethanolic extract of T. ornata was analysed by using Zebra fish model. The results showed the rapidand significant regeneration of the wounded caudal fin on day 14. Therefore, the preliminary results of this study strongly supports the ethanolic extract of T. ornata may be effective in wound healing and regeneration of the wounded tissues.
CPR63 Promotes Pyrethroid Resistance by Increasing Cuticle Thickness in Culex Pipiens Pallens
Authors: Xu Yang , Zhou Yang , Li Xixi , Ma Lei , Zhou Dan , Sun Yan , Shen Bo , Zhu Changliang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The cuticle protein (CP) encoded by CPR63 plays a role in deltamethrin resistance in Culex pipiens pallens. Herein, we investigated the distribution of CPR63 transcripts in this organism, and revealed high expression levels in legs and wings. Furthermore, expression of CPR63 in the legs of deltamethrin-resistant (DR) strains were 1.79-fold higher than in deltamethrin-susceptible (DS) strains. Cuticle analysis of small interfering RNA (siRNA) groups by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a significantly thinner procuticle of the tarsi in the siCPR63 group than the siNC (negative control (group). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the procuticle, exocuticle and endocuticle thickness of the tarsi were significantly thinner in the siCPR63 group than the siNC group. Our results illuminate the resistance mechanism of CPRs and demonstrate that CPR63 contributes to the resistance phenotype by thickening the cuticle and substantially reducing uptake of insecticides.
A Comparative Evaluation of Anti-Tumour Activity Following Oral And Intravenous Delivery of Doxorubicin In A Xenograft Model of Breast Tumour
Authors: Rehan Farah , Karim Md. Emranul , Ahemad Nafees , Shaikh Mohd. Farooq , Gupta Manish , Gan Siew Hua , Chowdhury Ezharul Hoque 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Extensive studies have been conducted on natural materials due to their unique and biodegradable properties for oral drug delivery. In the current research, we fabricated sodium caseinate nanomicelles (NaCNs) using casein as a natural polymer to develop a controlled-release oral drug delivery system. NaCNs was explored to improve the therapeutic potential of Doxorubicin (DOX) with reduced toxicity in healthy organs. The synthesized and thoroughly characterized DOX-loaded NaCNs were subjected to in vivo anti-tumour evaluation and bio-distribution analysis in a 4T1-induced breast cancer model. Our findings indicated an almost eight-fold reduction in tumour size in the group orally treated with DOX-NaCNs when compared to free DOX. It is plausible that the enhanced anti-tumour effects of oral DOX-NaCNs is related to the controlled release of DOX from the delivery system as well as the longer circulatory time of the drug in the blood, as confirmed by the bio-distribution study, when compared with free DOX and the intravenous formulation of DOX-NaCNs. Additionally, the tumour drug accumulation for the orally administered DOX-NaCNs was 1.27- and 6.8-fold higher than that of the intravenously administered DOX-NaCNs and free DOX, respectively and overall, was 8.34-times higher than the orally administered free DOX. In comparison, the orally administered DOX-NaCNs showed significant reduction in tumour size (5.66 ± 4.36mm3) after the two doses as compared to intravenously administered DOX-NaCNs (10.29 ± 4.86 mm3) on day 17 of the experimental period. Moreover, NaCNs were well tolerated in the mice at a single dose of 2,000 mg/kg in an acute oral toxicity study. Moreover, no significant change in the body weight was observed after treatment with the single dose of NaCNs when compared to the control group. Thus, NaCNs emerge as a safe and non-toxic delivery system with excellent bio-distribution profile and high anti-tumour effects that present as a potential option for oral chemotherapy.
MRI-based Radiomics and ADC Values Are Related to Recurrence of Endometrial Carcinoma：A Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Zhang Kaiyue , Zhang Yu , Fang Xin , Dong Jiangning , Qian Liting 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: To identify predictive value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics for all recurrences in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC).Methods: One hundred and seventy-four EC patients who were treated with operation and followed up in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline clinicopathological features and ADC values were analyzed. Radiomic parameters were extracted on T2 weighted imaging and screened by logistic regression, and then a radiomics signature was developed to calculate the radiomic score (radscore). Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed and a Cox regression model was used to evaluate the correlation between clinicopathological features, ADC values and radiology with recurrence.Results: ADC values showed inverse correlation with recurrence, while radscore was positively associated with recurrence. In univariate analyses, FIGO stage, pathological types, myometrial invasion, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), ADC value and radscore were associated with recurrence. In multivariate Cox analysis, pathological types, ADC and radscore were independent risk factors for recurrence.Conclusions: ADC value and radscore were independent predictors of recurrence of EC, which can supplement prognostic information in addition to clinicopathological information and provide basis for individualized treatment and follow-up plan.
Temporal changes in anthropogenic seismic noise levels associated with economic and leisure activities during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nimiya Hiro , Ikeda Tatsunori , Tsuji Takeshi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Seismic ambient noise with frequencies > 1 Hz includes noise related to human activities. A reduction in seismic noise during the COVID-19 pandemic has been observed worldwide, as restrictions were imposed to control outbreaks of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In this context, we studied the effect of changes in anthropogenic activities during COVID-19 on the seismic noise levels in the Tokyo metropolitan area, Japan, considering time of day, day of the week, and seasonal changes. The results showed the largest reduction in noise levels during the first state of emergency under most conditions. After the first state of emergency was lifted, the daytime noise reverted to previous levels immediately on weekdays and gradually on Sundays. This was likely because economic activities instantly resumed, while non-essential outings on Sundays were still mostly avoided. Furthermore, the daytime noise level on Sundays was strongly reduced regardless of changes on weekdays after the second state of emergency, which restricted activities mainly at night. Sunday noise levels gradually increased from the middle of the second state of emergency, suggesting a gradual reduction in public concern about COVID-19 following a decrease in the number of infections. Our findings demonstrate that seismic noise can be used to monitor social activities.
Epidemiology of Apnea in Preterm Neonates Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children Hospital in Kabul City: An Analytic Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Aslamzai Mansoor , Faizi Omid , Hamidi Mohammad Farouq 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Prematurity is one of the leading causes of neonatal death in Afghanistan and complicates a lot of serious problems including apnea. Although recurrent and prolong apnea may be directly or indirectly associated with significant adverse outcomes, there isn’t enough scientific information regarding the incidence and pattern of this problem in Afghanistan, therefore, this study is performed to obtain such information. Objective: To find the incidence rate and pattern of apnea in premature neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children Hospital, Kabul City.Method: This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children Hospital in Kabul city, Afghanistan. All the preterm babies admitted during the study period were included in this research. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 20. Results: A total of 75 preterm newborns were enrolled in this study and the apnea attacks were developed in 48% of them. Extremely low birth weight preterm neonates had a 71.4% incidence rate of apnea, while in very low birth weight and low birth weight the rates were 47.4% and 36.4% respectively. Based on gestational age, the incidence rates of apnea in the early and moderate preterm neonates were 55.6% and 52.8% respectively, whilst also in late preterm neonates it was 42.8%. The apnea appeared more prevalent in boys (54.3%) than girls (45.7%). The median ages for the onset and duration of apnea were 2 and 6 days respectively. The preterm neonates in the apnea group versus the non-apnea group had the mean birth weight of (1233.33±235.25g vs 1333.46 ±274.44g, 90%CI= -198 _ -1.4) and mean maternal age of (24.78±3.68y vs 26.62 ±4.58y ,90%CI= -3.44_-0.23). Conclusion: The overall incidence rate of apnea in preterm neonates was 48% and the highest rates were seen within extremely low birth weight and early preterm neonates. In most cases, the apnea has commenced on the second day of life and has lasted for six days. The lower neonatal birth weight and young maternal age were found to be the risk factors of apnea in preterm neonates.