bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of the 2019 Canada’s Food Guide: a qualitative study with parents from Southwestern Ontario
Authors: Barco Leme Ana Carolina , Laila Amar , Hou Sophia , Fisberg Regina Mara , Ma David W.L. , Fisberg Mauro , Haines Jess 
Published: August 2021

In January 2019, Health Canada released a revised Canada’s Food Guide (CFG). This study aimed to understand the perceptions of the 2019 CFG among Canadian parents with children aged 2–12 years. From October 2019–January 2020, 8 focus groups with parents from Southwestern Ontario were conducted using a semi-structured interview script focused on understanding perceptions of the 2019 CFG. A hybrid thematic approach with inductive and deductive analyses was used. Forty parents (72.5% mothers, 77.5% white) with diverse levels of education and income participated. Most parents were aware of the 2019 CFG. Positive perceptions of the 2019 CFG were that the guide was visually appealing and less biased from the food industry compared with previous guides. Parents also reported that the focus on eating behaviours could support healthy eating among their families. Negative perceptions included insufficient information about plant-based proteins, removal of milk and alternatives food group, and lack of representation of various cultures in the guide. Challenges to following the CFG recommendations, including time constraints and limited knowledge regarding how to identify and prepare plant-based proteins, were discussed. Parent perceptions of the CFG can help inform public health policies and behavioural-change strategies designed to support adherence to the 2019 CFG recommendations. Novelty: Awareness of the 2019 Canada’s Food Guide (CFG) was high. Parents identified that the 2019 CFG was visually appealing and less biased from the food industry. Concerns about the recommendations of plant-based proteins, “exclusion” of dairies, and lack of cultural representation.
Impact of Prior Treatment on the Efficacy of Adoptive Transfer of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Seitter Samantha J. , Sherry Richard M. , Yang James C. , Robbins Paul F. , Shindorf Mackenzie L. , Copeland Amy R. , McGowan Christine T. , Epstein Monica , Shelton Thomas E. , Langhan Michelle M. , Franco Zulmarie , Danforth David N. , White Donald E. , Rosenberg Steven A. , Goff Stephanie L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can mediate durable responses in patients with metastatic melanoma. This retrospective analysis provides long-term follow-up and describes the effect of prior therapy on outcomes after ACT-TIL.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with metastatic melanoma underwent surgical resection of a tumor for generation of TILs and were treated with a lymphodepleting preparative regimen followed by adoptive transfer of TILs and intravenous IL2. Clinical characteristics of enrolled patients and treatment characteristics of TIL infusion products over two decades of ACT were analyzed to identify predictors of objective response.

Results:
Adoptive transfer of TILs mediated an objective response rate of 56% (108/192) and median melanoma-specific survival of 28.5 months in patients naïve to anti–programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) therapy compared with 24% (8/34) and 11.6 months in patients refractory to anti–PD-1 (aPD-1). Among patients with BRAF V600E/K–mutated disease, prior treatment with targeted molecular therapy was also associated with a decreased response rate (21% vs. 60%) and decreased survival (9.3 vs. 50.7 months) when compared with those patients naïve to targeted therapy. With a median potential follow-up of 89 months, 46 of 48 complete responders in the aPD-1–naïve cohort have ongoing responses after a single treatment and 10-year melanoma-specific survival of 96%.

Conclusions:
Patients previously treated with PD-1 or MAPK inhibition are significantly less likely to develop durable objective responses to ACT-TIL. While ACT-TIL is currently being investigated for treatment-refractory patients, it should also be considered as an initial treatment option for eligible patients with metastatic melanoma.
See related commentary by Sznol, p. 5156
TIL in Melanoma—Similar Approaches, Different Results, Unanswered Questions
Authors: Sznol Mario 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Prior treatment with anti-PD-1 and/or BRAF-targeted therapies was associated with limited activity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in metastatic melanoma. Recent insights into mechanisms of action for TIL and anti-PD-1 provide the foundation for understanding differences in outcomes in different trials or populations, and a roadmap for developing improved products.
See related article by Seitter et al., p. 5289
The FDA-Approved Anthelmintic Pyrvinium Pamoate Inhibits Pancreatic Cancer Cells in Nutrient-Depleted Conditions by Targeting the Mitochondria
Authors: Schultz Christopher W. , McCarthy Grace A. , Nerwal Teena , Nevler Avinoam , DuHadaway James B. , McCoy Matthew D. , Jiang Wei , Brown Samantha Z. , Goetz Austin , Jain Aditi , Calvert Valerie S. , Vishwakarma Vikalp , Wang Dezhen , Preet Ranjan , Cassel Joel , Summer Ross , Shaghaghi Hoora , Pommier Yves , Baechler Simone A. , Pishvaian Michael J. , Golan Talia , Yeo Charles J. , Petricoin Emanuel F. , Prendergast George C. , Salvino Joseph , Singh Pankaj K. , Dixon Dan A. , Brody Jonathan R. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal aggressive cancer, in part due to elements of the microenvironment (hypoxia, hypoglycemia) that cause metabolic network alterations. The FDA-approved antihelminthic pyrvinium pamoate (PP) has previously been shown to cause PDAC cell death, although the mechanism has not been fully determined. We demonstrated that PP effectively inhibited PDAC cell viability with nanomolar IC50 values (9–93 nmol/L) against a panel of PDAC, patient-derived, and murine organoid cell lines. In vivo, we demonstrated that PP inhibited PDAC xenograft tumor growth with both intraperitoneal (IP; P &lt; 0.0001) and oral administration (PO; P = 0.0023) of human-grade drug. Metabolomic and phosphoproteomic data identified that PP potently inhibited PDAC mitochondrial pathways including oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism. As PP treatment reduced oxidative phosphorylation (P &lt; 0.001), leading to an increase in glycolysis (P &lt; 0.001), PP was 16.2-fold more effective in hypoglycemic conditions similar to those seen in PDAC tumors. RNA sequencing demonstrated that PP caused a decrease in mitochondrial RNA expression, an effect that was not observed with established mitochondrial inhibitors rotenone and oligomycin. Mechanistically, we determined that PP selectively bound mitochondrial G-quadruplexes and inhibited mitochondrial RNA transcription in a G-quadruplex–dependent manner. This subsequently led to a 90% reduction in mitochondrial encoded gene expression. We are preparing to evaluate the efficacy of PP in PDAC in an IRB-approved window-of-opportunity trial (IND:144822).
Uptake and Predictors of Opportunistic Salpingectomy for Ovarian Cancer Risk Reduction in the United States
Authors: Karia Pritesh S. , Joshu Corinne E. , Visvanathan Kala 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Evidence suggesting that high-grade serous ovarian cancers originate in the fallopian tubes has led to the emergence of opportunistic salpingectomy (OS) as an approach to reduce ovarian-cancer risk. In the U.S., some national societies now recommend OS in place of tubal ligation for sterilization or during a benign hysterectomy in average-risk women. However, limited data exist on the dissemination of OS in clinical practice. We examined the uptake and predictors of OS in a nationwide sample of inpatient and outpatient claims (N = 48,231,235) from 2010 to 2017. Incidence rates of OS were calculated, and an interrupted time-series analysis was used to quantify changes in rates before (2010–2013) and after (2015–2017) national guideline release. Predictors of OS use were examined using Poisson regression. From 2010 to 2017, the age-adjusted incidence rate of OS for sterilization and OS during hysterectomy increased 17.8-fold [95% confidence interval (CI), 16.2–19.5] and 7.6-fold (95% CI, 5.5–10.4), respectively. The rapid increase (age-adjusted increase in quarterly rates of between 109% and 250%) coincided with the time of national guideline release. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, OS use was more common in young women and varied significantly by geographic region, rurality, family history/genetic susceptibility, surgical indication, inpatient/outpatient setting, and underlying comorbidities. Similar differences in OS uptake were noted in analyses limited to women with a family history/genetic susceptibility to breast/ovarian cancer. Our results highlight significant differences in OS uptake in both high- and average-risk women. Defining subsets of women who would benefit most from OS and identifying barriers to equitable OS uptake is needed.

Prevention Relevance:
Opportunistic salpingectomy for ovarian-cancer risk reduction has been rapidly adopted in the U.S., with significant variation in uptake by demographic and clinical factors. Studies examining barriers to opportunistic salpingectomy access and the long-term effectiveness and potential adverse effects of opportunistic salpingectomy are needed.
Olga Savary (1933-2020) & Maria Lúcia Alvim (1932-2021): homenagem a duas grandes poetas levadas pela Covid 19
Authors: Dias Ayana Moreira , Marinho Cecilia Silva Furquim , Morais Maira Luana , Mendes Mariana Diniz 
Published: August 2021

Uma homenagem feita por poetas e (ou) tradutores, que possuíam forte vínculo com as escritoras Olga e Maria Lúcia. Prisca Agustoni e Laisa Kaos falam de Olga Savary, enquanto Álvaro Antunes e Guilherme Gontijo Flores rendem seus tributos a Maria Lúcia Alvim. Além de contar com ilustrações de cada uma das escritoras, exclusivamente elaboradas, por Isabela Sancho (em técnica de lápis e grafite).
La raison chez Hugues de Saint-Victor : du feuilleté des acceptions à la cohérence d’un sens, d’une pensée, d’un programme éducatif
Authors: Poirel Dominique 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Three conclusions can be drawn from the study of the word ratio and its derivatives in the works of Hugh of Saint-Victor († 1141). First, the approximately 1500 occurrences present an exceptional diversity of meanings. Second, these meanings are not tightly separated from each other, but tend to tile or merge: not only are there many passages where the translator can legitimately hesitate between two or more interpretations, but the author himself plays on this malleability of significations, as if to refer his reader to an original cohesion of the meanings. Third, it is therefore possible to reconstitute a complex but unified notion of reason, underlying all the uses identified; and it is surely no coincidence that this common notion corresponds very precisely to the Victorine educational program, as Hugh defined it in his Didascalicon.
Discovery of a Pelophylax saharicus (Anura, Ranidae) population in Southern France: a new potentially invasive species of water frogs in Europe
Authors: Doniol-Valcroze Paul , Mazepa Glib , Grimal François , Sourrouille Patricia , Perrin Nicolas , Litvinchuk Spartak N. , Crochet Pierre-André 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We report the discovery of a population of the exotic North African Water Frog Pelophylax saharicus around the Etang de Berre, on the Mediterranean coast of France, about 25 km north-west of Marseille. The animals had been originally identified as P. perezi or P. kl. grafi by a combination of acoustic and morphological characters and their true identity was not revealed until three samples from one locality were included in a large-scale genomic work dedicated to the genus Pelophylax. Mitochondrial barcoding of the samples from other areas around Etang de Berre did not detect any native P. perezi or P. kl. grafi and confirmed that P. saharicus has spread to several localities, does reproduce and has been present since 2011 at least. We suggest that dedicated field work is needed as soon as possible to (i) map the extant of P. saharicus’s distribution around the Etang de Berre, (ii) establish if populations of the native P. perezi – kl. grafi system still persist around the Etang de Berre or not and (iii) check if P. saharicus has spread to neighboring areas or not. Depending on the answers to these three questions, local conservationists will need to evaluate the feasibility and relevance of any action to control the spread of this new invasive species and attempt to eradicate it.
On the Veiling and Unveiling of Experience: A Comparison Between the Micro-Phenomenological Method and the Practice of Meditation
Authors: Petitmengin Claire 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Both Buddhist meditation and micro-phenomenology start from the observation that our experience escapes us, we don’t see it as it is. Both offer devices that allow us to become aware of it. But, surprisingly, the two approaches offer few precise descriptions of the processes which veil experience, and of those which make it possible to dissipate these veils. This article is an attempt to put in parentheses declarative writings on the veiling and unveiling processes and their epistemological background and to collect procedural descriptions of this veiling and unveiling processes. From written and oral meditation teachings on the one hand, micro-phenomenological interviews applied to meditative experience and to themselves on the other hand, we identified four types of veiling processes which contribute to screen what is there, and ultimately to generate the naïve belief in the existence of an external reality independent of the mind: attentional, emotional, intentional and cognitive veils. The first part of the article describes these veiling processes and the processes through which they dissipate. It leads to the identification of several “gestures” conducive to this unveiling. The second part describes the devices used by meditation and by micro-phenomenology to elicit these gestures.
Global Pandemic, Translocal Medicine
Authors: Craig Sienna R. , Gurung Nawang T. , Perlin Ross , Daurio Maya , Kaufman Daniel , Turin Mark , Tseten Kunchog 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article analyzes the audio diaries of a Tibetan physician, originally from Amdo (Qinghai Province, China), now living in New York City. Dr. Kunchog Tseten describes his experiences during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, in spring and summer 2020, when Queens, New York—the location where he lives and works—was the “epicenter of the epicenter” of the novel coronavirus outbreak in the United States. The collaborative research project of which this diary is a part combines innovative methodological approaches to qualitative, ethnographic study during this era of social distancing with an attunement to the relationship between language, culture, and health care. Dr. Kunchog’s diary and our analysis of its contents illustrate the ways that Tibetan medicine and Tibetan cultural practices, including those emergent from Buddhism, have helped members of the Himalayan and Tibetan communities in New York City navigate this unprecedented moment with care and compassion.
Tibetan Medical Paradigms for the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Tidwell Tawni , Gyamtso Khenrab 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
As prophesized in early Tibetan medical works, the emergence of a pathogen such as SARS-CoV-2 that could inflict such a virulent infectious disease such as COVID-19 provided conditions for an expected yet alarming new phenomenon to threaten the health of inhabitants on the Tibetan Plateau. As SARS-CoV-2 spread into a global pandemic, Tibetan physicians worldwide engaged in symposiums, conferences, and clinical exchanges to situate the virus and its disease within Tibetan medical nosology. They sought to reconcile prophesies of global impact and develop critical treatment protocols for their communities. This article presents this particular perspective on COVID-19 as discussed among Tibetan medical colleagues in early April 2020, with follow-up discussions a year later. It introduces the disease’s nosology as a specific type of virulent infection (gnyan rims), and describes the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment as explicated in the Tibetan classic Four Medical Treatises and related commentaries. As Tibetan physicians gain attention for their treatments of mild- and medium-severity COVID-19 cases, understanding the Tibetan medical paradigm for the condition highlights distinctions of therapeutic and investigative relevance compared to biomedical and other traditional Asian medical approaches.
Foreign Direct Investment Screening and National Security: Reducing Regulatory Hurdles to Investors Through Induced Reciprocity
Authors: Bian Cheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
An increasing number of States has adopted new or revised existing laws that establish foreign direct investment (FDI) screening mechanisms on grounds of national security. Comparing FDI screening in Germany and China as a case study, this article identifies three regulatory hurdles to investors related to such mechanisms, namely unpredictability, procedural uncertainty, and the lack of transparency in practice. Adopting the theory of induced reciprocity, this article argues that these regulatory hurdles could be reduced if symmetry constraint on national FDI screening schemes can be established between sovereign States in an international agreement. To achieve induced reciprocity between the European Union and China regarding FDI screening on grounds of national security, the EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment could incorporate certain fundamental principles and regulatory objectives of EU Regulation 2019/452 Establishing a Framework for the Screening of Foreign Direct Investments into the Union as a starting point and a way forward.
Old Japanese Post-Nasal Non-Back Close Vowels in a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Jarosz Aleksandra 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper I will be comparing Old Japanese non-back close vowels /i/ (i1 or kō-rui) and /ɨ/ (i2 or otsu-rui) in a post-nasal position with their North and South Ryukyuan cognates in order to propose Proto-Japonic reconstructions of Old Japanese [+ nasal] [+ high, -back] sequences. The paper establishes and analyzes six correspondence sets, each representing a different Proto-Japonic sequence: *mi, *muj, *me, *ni, *noj, *nuj, and briefly discusses a couple of yet different relevant Proto-Japonic reconstructions.
The study is concluded with a proposal of relative chronology of the discussed changes from Proto-Japonic to Proto-Ryukyuan. A reconstruction of Proto-Ryukyuan *ɨ, a sixth segment added to Thorpe’s 1983 classical five-vowel set, is argued for as a necessary development of post-nasal *oj and *uj. This is interpreted within the context of chain-shifting processes dating to Proto-Japonic as an important catalyst of mid-vowel raising in Proto-Ryukyuan.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Rainfall in South China from 1967 to 2018
Authors: Lu Xiaoxiong , Li Qinglan , Zhao Wei , Xiao Aiguo , Li Guangxin , Yu Zifeng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBased on daily meteorological observation data in South China (SC) from 1967 to 2018, the spatiotemporal characteristics of the precipitation in SC over the past 52 years were studied. Only 8% of the stations showed a significant increase in annual rainfall, and there was no significant negative trend at any weather stations at a confidence level of 90%. Monthly rainfall showed the most significant decreasing and increasing trends in April and November, respectively. During the entire flooding season from April to September, the monthly rainfall at the weather stations in the coastal areas showed almost no significant change. The annual rainfall gradually decreased toward the inland area with the central and coastal areas of Guangdong Province as the high-value rainfall center. By using the empirical orthogonal function decomposition method, it was found that the two main monthly rainfall modes had strong annual signals. The first modal spatial distribution was basically consistent with the average annual rainfall distribution. Based on the environmental background analysis, it was found that during the flooding season, the main water vapor to SC was transported by the East Asian summer monsoon and the Indian summer monsoon. In late autumn and winter, the prevailing wind from northeastern China could not bring much water vapor to SC and led to little precipitation in these two seasons. The spatial distribution of precipitation in SC during summer was more consistent with the moisture flux divergence distribution of the bottom layer from 925 hPa to 1000 hPa, rather than the layer from 700 hPa to 1000 hPa.
Origins of a Relatively Tight Lower Bound on Anthropogenic Aerosol Radiative Forcing from Bayesian Analysis of Historical Observations
Authors: Albright Anna Lea , Proistosescu Cristian , Huybers Peter 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA variety of empirical estimates have been published for the lower bounds on aerosol radiative forcing, clustered around −1.0 or −2.0 W m−2. The reasons for obtaining such different constraints are not well understood. In this study, we explore bounds on aerosol radiative forcing using a Bayesian model of aerosol forcing and Earth’s multi-time-scale temperature response to radiative forcing. We first demonstrate the ability of a simple aerosol model to emulate aerosol radiative forcing simulated by 10 general circulation models. A joint inference of climate sensitivity and effective aerosol forcing from historical surface temperatures is then made over 1850–2019. We obtain a maximum likelihood estimate of aerosol radiative forcing of −0.85 W m−2 (5%–95% credible interval from −1.3 to −0.50 W m−2) for 2010–19 relative to 1750 and an equilibrium climate sensitivity of 3.4°C (5%–95% credible interval from 1.8° to 6.1°C). The wide range of climate sensitivity reflects difficulty in empirically constraining long-term responses using historical temperatures, as noted elsewhere. A relatively tight bound on aerosol forcing is nonetheless obtained from the structure of temperature and aerosol precursor emissions and, particularly, from the rapid growth in emissions between 1950 and 1980. Obtaining a 5th percentile lower bound on aerosol forcing around −2.0 W m−2 requires prescribing internal climate variance that is a factor of 5 larger than the CMIP6 mean and assuming large, correlated errors in global temperature observations. Ocean heat uptake observations may further constrain aerosol radiative forcing but require a better understanding of the relationship between time-variable radiative feedbacks and radiative forcing.