bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 10-year longitudinal evaluation of science policy interventions to promote sex and gender in health research
Authors: Haverfield Jenna , Tannenbaum Cara 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Over the past decade, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) has implemented multicomponent interventions to increase the uptake of sex and gender in grant applications. Interventions included mandatory reporting on applicant forms, development of resources for applicants and evaluators, and grant review requirements. Here, we aim to inform science policy implementation by describing the 10-year outcomes and lessons learned from these interventions.

Methods
This is a prospective longitudinal study. The population is all applicants across 15 investigator-initiated CIHR competitions from 2011 to 2019 and grant evaluators from 2018 to 2019. Quantitative data were derived from applicants’ and grant evaluators’ mandatory reporting of sex and gender integration in the grants management database. The application was the unit of analysis. Trends in sex and gender uptake in applications were plotted over time, stratified by research area. Univariate logistic regression was used to assess associations between the sex of the applicant and the uptake of sex and gender, and the latter with funding success. Qualitative review of the quality and appropriateness of evaluators’ comments informed the development of discipline-specific training to peer review committee members. Feedback was compiled from a subset of evaluators on the perceived usefulness of the educational materials using a brief questionnaire.

Results
Since 2011, 39,390 applications were submitted. The proportion that reported integration of sex rose from 22 to 83%, and gender from 12 to 33%. Population health research applications paid the greatest attention to gender (82%). Across every competition, applications with female principal investigators were more likely to integrate sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.50–1.63) and gender (OR 2.40, 95% CI 2.29–2.51) than those who identified as male. Since 2018, applications that scored highly for the integration of sex (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.50–2.50) and gender (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.83–3.50) were more likely to be funded. Qualitative observations revealed persistent conflation of the terms sex and gender. Eighty-six percent of evaluators appreciated the tailored discipline-specific coaching.

Conclusions
A number of policy interventions improved sex and gender uptake in grant applications, with higher success rates observed over time for applications that integrated sex and gender. Other funders’ action plans around sex and gender integration may be informed from our experiences of the timing, type and targets of the different interventions, specifically those directed at evaluators.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of oral nutritional supplements with nutritional counselling in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy
Authors: Martin Beatrice , Cereda Emanuele , Caccialanza Riccardo , Pedrazzoli Paolo , Tarricone Rosanna , Ciani Oriana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective
There is limited evidence regarding the economic effects of nutrition support in cancer patients. This study aims at investigating the cost-effectiveness profile of systematic oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) and receiving nutritional counseling.

Methods
A cost-effectiveness analysis based on a RCT was performed to estimate direct medical costs, life years gained (LYG) and Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALY) for nutritional counseling with or without ONS at 5-month and 6-year follow up time. Value of information analysis was performed to value the expected gain from reducing uncertainty through further data collection.

Results
ONS with nutritional counseling produced higher QALY than nutritional counseling alone (0.291 ± 0.087 vs 0.288 ± 0.087), however the difference was not significant (0.0027, P = 0.84). Mean costs were €987.60 vs €996.09, respectively in the treatment and control group (-€8.96, P = 0.98). The Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) was -€3,277/QALY, with 55.4% probabilities of being cost-effective at a cost-effectiveness threshold of €30,000/QALY. The Expected Incremental Benefit was €95.16 and the Population Expected Value of Perfect Information was €8.6 million, implying that additional research is likely to be worthwhile. At a median 6-year follow up, the treatment group had a significantly better survival rate when adjusting for late effect (P = 0.039).

Conclusion
Our findings provide the first evidence to inform decisions about funding and reimbursement of ONS in combination with nutritional counseling in HNC patients undergoing RT. ONS may improve quality of cancer care at no additional costs, however further research on the cost-effectiveness of nutritional supplementation is recommended.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02055833. Registered 5th February 2014 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02055833
Outcome of mitral valve repair or replacement for non-ischemic mitral regurgitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fan Qianqian , Li Xiaoguang , Cao Guilan , Yu Puliang , Zhang Fengxiao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a rather common valvular heart disease. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes, and complications of mitral valve (MV) replacement with surgical MV repair of non-ischemic MR (NIMR)

Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched until October, 2020. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they included patients with MR and reported early (30-day or in-hospital) or late all-cause mortality. For each study, data on all-cause mortality and incidence of reoperation and operative complications in both groups were used to generate odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs). This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42018089608.

Results
The literature search yielded 4834 studies, of which 20 studies, including a total of 21,898 patients with NIMR, were included. The pooled analysis showed that lower age, less female inclusion and incident of hypertension, significantly higher rates of diabetes and atrial fibrillation in the MV replacement group than MV repair group. No significant differences in the rates of pre-operative left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and heart failure were observed between groups. The number of patients in the MV repair group was lower than in the MV replacement group. We found that there were significantly increased risks of mortality associated with replacement of MR. Moreover, the rate of re-operation and post-operative MR in the MV repair group was lower than in the MV replacement group.

Conclusions
In patients with NIMR, MV repair achieves higher survival and leads to fewer complications than surgical MV replacement. In light of these results, we suggest that MV repair surgery should be a priority for NIMR patients.
Impact of frontline treatment approach on outcomes of myeloid blast phase CML
Authors: Saxena Kapil , Jabbour Elias , Issa Ghayas , Sasaki Koji , Ravandi Farhad , Maiti Abhishek , Daver Naval , Kadia Tapan , DiNardo Courtney D. , Konopleva Marina , Cortes Jorge E. , Yilmaz Musa , Chien Kelly , Pierce Sherry , Kantarjian Hagop , Short Nicholas J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The natural course of untreated chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is progression to an aggressive blast phase. Even in the current era of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the outcomes of blast phase CML remain poor with no consensus frontline treatment approach.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the response rates and survival outcomes of 104 consecutive patients with myeloid blast phase CML (CML-MBP) treated from 2000 to 2019 based on 4 different frontline treatment approaches: intensive chemotherapy (IC) + TKI (n = 20), hypomethylating agent (HMA) + TKI (n = 20), TKI alone (n = 56), or IC alone (n = 8). We also evaluated the impact of TKI selection and subsequent allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT) on patient outcomes.

Results
Response rates were similar between patients treated with IC + TKI and HMA + TKI. Compared to treatment with TKI alone, treatment with IC/HMA + TKI resulted in a higher rate of complete remission (CR) or CR with incomplete count recovery (CRi) (57.5% vs 33.9%, p < 0.05), a higher complete cytogenetic response rate (45% vs 10.7%, p < 0.001), and more patients proceeding to ASCT (32.5% vs 10.7%, p < 0.01). With a median follow-up of 6.7 years, long-term outcomes were similar between the IC + TKI and HMA + TKI groups. Combination therapy with IC/HMA + TKI was superior to therapy with TKI alone, including when analysis was limited to those treated with a 2nd/3rd-generation TKI. When using a 2nd/3rd-generation TKI, IC/HMA + TKI led to lower 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR; 44% vs 86%, p < 0.05) and superior 5-year event-free survival (EFS; 28% vs 0%, p < 0.05) and overall survival (OS; 34% vs 8%, p = 0.23) compared to TKI alone. Among patients who received IC/HMA + TKI, EFS and OS was superior for patients who received a 2nd/3rd generation TKI compared to those who received imatinib-based therapy. In a landmark analysis, 5-year OS was higher for patients who proceeded to ASCT (58% vs 22%, p = 0.12).

Conclusions
Compared to patients treated with TKI alone for CML-MBP, treatment with IC + TKI or HMA + TKI led to improved response rates, CIR, EFS, and OS, particularly for patients who received a 2nd/3rd-generation TKI. Combination therapy with IC + TKI or HMA + TKI, rather than a TKI alone, should be considered the optimal treatment strategy for patients with CML-MBP.
Nonlocal and multiple-point fractional boundary value problem in the frame of a generalized Hilfer derivative
Authors: Shatanawi Wasfi , Boutiara Abdellatif , Abdo Mohammed S. , Jeelani Mdi B. , Abodayeh Kamaleldin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of this manuscript is to handle the nonlocal boundary value problem for a specific kind of nonlinear fractional differential equations involving aξ-Hilfer derivative. The used fractional operator is generated by the kernel of the kind$k(\vartheta,s)=\xi (\vartheta )-\xi (s)$k(ϑ,s)=ξ(ϑ)−ξ(s)and the operator of differentiation${ D}_{\xi } = ( \frac{1}{\xi ^{\prime }(\vartheta )}\frac{d}{d\vartheta } ) $Dξ=(1ξ′(ϑ)ddϑ). The existence and uniqueness of solutions are established for the considered system. Our perspective relies on the properties of the generalized Hilfer derivative and the implementation of Krasnoselskii’s fixed point approach and Banach’s contraction principle with respect to the Bielecki norm to obtain the uniqueness of solution on a bounded domain in a Banach space. Besides, we discuss the Ulam–Hyers stability criteria for the main fractional system. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the viability of the main theories.
Friction and contact temperature in dry rolling-sliding contacts with MoS2-bonded and a-C:H:Zr DLC coatings
Authors: Hofmann Stefan , Yilmaz Mustafa , Maier Enzo , Lohner Thomas , Stahl Karsten 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGearboxes are usually lubricated with oil or grease to reduce friction and wear and to dissipate heat. However, gearbox applications that cannot be lubricated with oil or grease, for example in the space or food industry, are commonly lubricated with solid lubricants. Especially solid lubricants with a lamellar sliding mechanism like graphite and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) or diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings can enable very low coefficients of friction. This study investigates the friction and temperature behavior of surface coatings in rolling-sliding contacts for the application in dry lubricated gears. In an experimental setup on a twin-disk test rig, case-hardened steel 16MnCr5E (AISI5115) is considered as substrate material together with an amorphous, hydrogenated, and metal-containing a-C:H:Zr DLC coating (ZrCg) and a MoS2-bonded coating (MoS2-BoC). The friction curves show reduced coefficients of friction and a significantly increased operating area for both surface coatings. Due to the sufficient electrical insulation of the MoS2-BoC, the application of thin-film temperature measurement-known from lubricated contacts-was successfully transfered to dry rolling-sliding contacts. The results of the contact temperature measurements reveal pronounced thermal insulation with MoS2-BoC, which can interefere the sliding mechanism of MoS2 by accelerated oxidation. The study shows that the application of dry lubricated gears under ambient air conditions is challenging as the tribological and thermal behavior requires tailored surface coatings.
Myasthenic crisis appearing after resection of intracardiac ectopic thymoma with superior vena cava syndrome
Authors: Takebayashi Satoshi , Yoshikawa Yasuji , Morita Masato , Nagashima Ryotaro , Nakazono Yuichi , Miyamoto Shinji 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
We describe herein an extremely rare case of intracardiac ectopic thymoma—only two pure cases have been reported to date—associated with myasthenia gravis, an infrequent complication of ectopic thymoma.

Case presentation
A 71-year-old woman with superior vena cava syndrome was found to have a large mass mainly located in the right atrium. Tumor resection under cardiopulmonary bypass was performed. The pathological diagnosis was type AB ectopic thymoma. The postoperative course was complicated by progressive respiratory failure, and she was diagnosed with myasthenic crisis based on clinical signs and the edrophonium test. The patient recovered and was weaned from prolonged mechanical ventilation after receiving intravenous immunoglobulin, and was subsequently discharged uneventfully.

Conclusions
This is the first report of myasthenic crisis due to intracardiac ectopic thymoma. Residual thymoma is a risk factor for the development of post-thymectomy myasthenia gravis, and long-term follow-up is required.
Pattern and prevalence of neuropsychiatric lupus: a retrospective study from a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Fahima , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain , Mitra Dipak Kumar , Nabi Mohammad Hayatun , Rahman Md. Mujibur 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is well known for its varying presentations and poor outcomes, but little is evident about its distribution and characteristics among the Bangladeshi population. This study aimed to assess the pattern and prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in female systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients of Bangladesh. A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January and December 2018. One hundred female SLE patients were included in the study purposively. Data were collected on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of diagnosed SLE cases visiting the SLE clinic and indoor medicine department. Neuropsychiatric (NP) syndromes were defined according to the widely accepted American College of Rheumatology (ACR) nomenclature and case definitions.

Results
A total of 244 NP events were identified in fifty-five patients. Headache was the most frequent symptom (55%), followed by cognitive dysfunction (50%), anxiety (49%), psychosis (43%), seizure (23%), depression (17%), and cerebrovascular disease (ischemic type, 7%). The NP manifestations were more prevalent among urban residents (58.2%), younger patients (41.8%), and patients with graduate-level education (34.5%). Besides, young age at diagnosis (p = 0.038), Raynaud’s phenomenon (p = 0.015), other organ involvement (p < 0.001), and time of NPSLE development (p < 0.001) were found to be significantly associated with the development of these manifestations.

Conclusion
NP damage is prevalent among Bangladeshi female SLE patients (55%) with headache and cognitive dysfunction being the most common symptoms. Routine screening for neuropsychiatric symptoms among suspected SLE cases and further evaluation with a larger population are warranted.
Collagen fiber membrane-derived chemically and mechanically durable superhydrophobic membrane for high-performance emulsion separation
Authors: Li Huifang , Zheng Wan , Xiao Hanzhong , Hao Baicun , Wang Yujia , Huang Xin , Shi Bi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Developing high-performance separation membrane with good durability is a highly desired while challenging issue. Herein, we reported the successful fabrication of chemically and mechanically durable superhydrophobic membrane that was prepared by embedding UiO-66 as size-sieving sites within the supramolecular fiber structure of collagen fiber membrane (CFM), followed by the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coating. The as-prepared CFM/UiO-66(12)/PDMS membrane featured capillary effect-enhanced separation flux and homogeneous porous channels guaranteed high separation efficiency. When utilized as double-layer separation membranes, this new type of composite membranes separated various surfactant stabilized water-in-oil microemulsions and nanoemulsions, with the separation efficiency high up to 99.993 % and the flux as high as 973.3 L m− 2 h− 1. Compared with commercial polytetrafluoro ethylene (PTFE) membrane, the advantage of the double-layer CFM/UiO-66(12)/PDMS membranes in separation flux was evident, which exhibited one order of magnitude higher than that of commercial PTFE membrane. The CFM/UiO-66(12)/PDMS membrane was acid-alkali tolerant, UV-aging resistant and reusable for emulsion separation. Notably, the CFM/UiO-66(12)/PDMS membrane was mechanically durable against strong mechanical abrasion, which was still capable of separating diverse water-in-oil emulsions after the abrasion with sandpaper and assembled as double-layer separation membranes. We anticipate that the combination of CFM and metal organic frameworks (MOFs) is an effective strategy for fabricating high-performance separation membrane with high mechanical and chemical durability.

Graphical Abstract
Virtual screenings of the bioactive constituents of tea, prickly chaff, catechu, lemon, black pepper, and synthetic compounds with the main protease (Mpro) and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE 2) of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Emon Nazim Uddin , Alam Md. Munsur , Akter Irin , Akhter Saima , Sneha Anjuman Ara , Irtiza Md. , Afroj Marufa , Munni Arifa , Chowdhury Masruba Hossen , Hossain Summiya 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 has mutation capability, and there are no specific drug therapies that are available to fight or inhibit the proteins of this virus. The present study aims to investigate the binding affinity of the bioactive and synthetic compounds with the main protease (Mpro) enzymes and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE 2) by computational approach. PASS prediction, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological properties prediction studies were performed through the Google PASS prediction and Swiss ADME/T website. Besides, molecular docking studies were accomplished by BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2020, UCSF Chimera, and PyRx autodock vina.

Results
The docking scores were inferred and the selected compounds showed results varying from −3.2 to −9.8 (kcal/mol). Theaflavin scored the highest docking score to the 5REB, 6VW1, and 1R42 enzymes and showed the binding affinity as −6.3 kcal/mol, −9.8 kcal/mol, and −8.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Again, kaempferol showed the best binding affinity to the 7BQY (−7.1 kcal/mol) and 6Y2FB (−6.6 kcal/mol) enzymes. All the chemical constituents showed better probability in action in pass prediction analysis. Besides, no ligands (except theaflavin) have any conflict with Lipinski’s rules of five, which authorized the drug probability of these ligands.

Conclusion
Therefore, the selected compounds could be considered a potential herbal treatment source against SARS-CoV-2.
The role of ultrasound-guided transthoracic Tru-Cut core biopsy in the diagnosis peripheral thorax lesion
Authors: Mohamed Maha Fathy , Laz Nabila Ibraheem , Kamel Khaled Mahmoud , Mahmoud Raghda Yaser 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The nature of opaque lesions such as effusions, atelectasis, masses, and consolidations can be clarified by sonography. This study investigated the sensitivity and accuracy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy in different thoracic tumors (lung, pleural, chest wall, and mediastinal).

Results
Sixty patients underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous transthoracic core biopsy of peripheral thoracic masses with a Tru-Cut needle with a big bore. Twenty masses were in the lung, seventeen lesions were in the pleura, ten masses were in the mediastinum, eleven were enlarged palpable lymph nodes, and two masses were in chest wall. The sensitivity, PPV, and accuracy for detection of chest tumors in the chest wall, mediastinum, lung, and pleura were 100% for all, and in LN 88.9, 100, and 90.9%, respectively. The overall diagnostic performance of sonar-guided Tru-Cut needle biopsy in diagnosis was 97.78% sensitivity, 98.18% accuracy, and 100% PPV.

Conclusion
Tru-Cut needle percutaneous transthoracic core biopsy is a convenient and sensitive process in obtaining samples under ultrasound guidance for exact histological diagnosis of thoracic tumors. The diagnostic efficiency is high, and the technique can also be used in outpatients, which is relatively simple.

Trial registration
NCT, NCT04741958 Registered 5 February 2021, retrospectively registered,
Morphology, internal architectures, and formation mechanisms of mega-pockmarks on the northwestern South China Sea margin
Authors: Lu Yintao , Xu Xiaoyong , Luan Xiwu , Jiang Shu , Ran Weimin , Yang Taotao , Lyu Fuliang , Zhou Yingfang , Yang Zhili 
Published: June 2021

Pockmarks, as depression morphology related to fluid escape on the seafloor, are revealed by 3D seismic data on the northwestern South China Sea (SCS) margin. The pockmarks can be classified into two groups based on their various shapes in plan view: the circular group and the elongating group. These pockmarks in the study area could be defined as mega-pockmarks because their maximum diameters can reach to 7.5 km. They commonly develop more than one crater, which are called the central crater and the secondary crater. The seismic data illuminated their complicated internal architectures in the subsurface, as well as their evolution periods, such as the initiation stage, mature stage, and abandonment stage. According to the buried structures and their genesis mechanism, mega-pockmarks could be classified into linear faults-associated pockmarks and volcano-associated pockmarks. The linear fault-associated pockmarks root on the top Middle Miocene, where the linear faults are distributed. The linear faults on the top of fluid reservoir in Middle Miocene act as conduits for fluid seepage. The fluid seepage is driven by the break of balance between the hydrostatic and pore pressure. When the fluid seepage initiates, they will migrate along the linear faults, making the linear feature of pockmarks on the seafloor. Thermogenic gas from deep intervals and biogenic gas from shallow intervals may be fluid sources for the genesis of pockmarks. However, the volcanic activities control the genesis and evolution of volcano-associated pockmarks. Volcano-associated pockmarks root on the craters of volcanoes. The volcanoes underneath the pockmarks provide volcanic hydrothermal solutions, such as phreatomagmatic eruptions through the volcanic craters. The confined fluid seepages make the pockmarks exhibit a more circular shape on the seafloor. Long-term, multiepisode fluid expulsions generate the complicated internal architecture that leads to multicratered mega-pockmarks on the northwestern margin of SCS.