bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heavy metal contamination and genotoxicity assessment of anthelmintic medicinal plants in Assam, India
Authors: Soren Amar Deep , Yadav Arun Kumar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Medicinal plants possess several metals obtained naturally or through pollution. The study evaluates the genotoxic potentials and the presence of essential elements and toxic heavy metals in Sesbania sesban var. bicolor (leaves), Cyperus compressus (roots) and Asparagus racemosus (roots), which are used as anthelmintics in the traditional medicine of the Santhals in India. Genotoxicity study was performed as per Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines in rats. Element contents were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Administration of S. sesban var. bicolor (400 mg/kg), C. compressus (700 mg/kg) and A. racemosus (500 mg/kg) did not cause any abnormalities in the chromosomes. Elemental analysis revealed the presence of lead (5.00 ± 0.05, 4.98 ± 0.01, 4.99 ± 0.07 ppm), cadmium (4.99 ± 0.04, 4.90 ± 0.03, 5.00 ± 0.08 ppm) and arsenic (0.98 ± 0.03, 0.41 ± 0.05, 0.92 ± 0.03 ppm), respectively. Although genotoxic potentials were lacking, the presence of toxic heavy metals in them is a cause of concern.
Type Synthesis of Fully Decoupled Three Translational Parallel Mechanism with Closed loop Units and High Stiffness
Authors: Li Shihua , Wang Sen , Li Haoran , Wang Yongjie , Chen Shuang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new synthesis method of fully decoupled three translational (3T) parallel mechanisms (PMs) with closed loop units and high stiffness is proposed based on screw theory. Firstly, a new criterion for the full decoupled of PMs is presented that the reciprocal product of the transmission wrenc h screw matrix and the output twist screw matrix of PMs is a diagonal matrix, and all elements on the main diagonal are nonzero constants. The forms of the transmission wrench screws are determined by the criterion. Secondly, the forms of the actuated and unactuated screws can be obtained according to their relationships with the transmission wrench screws. The basic decoupled limbs are generated by combination of the above actuated and unactuated screws. Finally, a closed loop units construction method is investigated to apply the decoupled mechanisms in a better way on the high stiffness occasion. The closed loop units are constructed in the basic decoupled limbs to generate a high stiffness fully decoupled 3T PM. Kinematic and stiffness analys e s show that the Jacobian matrix is a diagonal matrix, and the stiffness is obviously higher than that of the orthogonal coupling mechanisms, which verifies the correctness of the proposed synthesis method. The mechanism synthesized by this method has a good applicati on prospect in vehicle durability test platform.
Primary Intracranial Malignant Melanoma: A Case Report And Review Of Literature
Authors: Shankar Diwakar , Singh Deepak Kumar , Chand Vipin Kumar , Kaif Mohammad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Primary Intracranial Malignant Melanoma (PIMM) is a very rare neoplasm and account for 1% of all melanomas and 0.1% of all intracranial tumors. It carries a poor prognosis with overall poor survival.
Case Presentation:

We here present a case of PIMM in a 35-year-old male presenting with sign and symptoms of a left cerebellar hemisphere tumor with leptomeningeal spread.
Conclusions

Diagnosis on mere imaging findings of an intracranial melanoma is a daunting task. Multimodality treatment with surgery followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy have proved to be effective in improving clinical outcome in these patients.
Adaptive immunity and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following vaccination in patients with cancer: The CAPTURE study
Authors: Fendler Annika , Shepherd Scott , Au Lewis , Wilkinson Katalin , Wu Mary , Byrne Fiona , Cerrone Maddalena , Schmitt Andreas , Joharatnam-Hogan Nalinie , Shum Ben , Tippu Zayd , Rzeniewicz Karolina , Boos Laura , Harvey Ruth , Carlyle Eleanor , Edmonds Kim , Rosario Lyra Del , Sarker Sarah , Lingard Karla , Mangwende Mary , Holt Lucy , Ahmod Hamid , Koreweg Justine , Foley Tara , Bazin Jessica , Gordon William , Barber Taja , Emslie-Henry Andrea , Xie Wenyi , Gerard Camille , Deng Daqi , Wall Emma , Agua-Doce Ana , Namjou Sina , Caidan Simon , Gavrielides Mike , MacRae James , Kelly Gavin , Peat Kema , Kelly Denise , Murra Aida , Kelly Kayleigh , O'Flaherty Molly , Dowdie Lauren , Ash Natalie , Grounthoud Firza , Shea Robyn , Gardner Gail , Murray Darren , Kinnaird Fiona , Cui Wanyuan , Pascual Javier , Rodney Simon , Mencel Justin , Curtis Olivia , Stephenson Clemency , Robinson Anna , Oza Bhavna , Farag Sheima , Leslie Isla , Rogiers Aljosja , Lyengar Sunil , Ethell Mark , Messiou Christina , Cunningham David , Chau Ian , Starling Naureen , Turner Nicholas , Welsh Liam , As Nicholas van , Jones Robin , DRoney Joanne , Banerjee Susana , Tatham Kate , O'Brien Mary , Harrington Kevin , Bhide Shreerang , Okines Alicia , Reid Alison , Young Kate , Furness Andrew , Pickering Lisa , Swanton Charles , Gandhi Sonia , Gamblin Steve , Bauer David , Kassiotis George , Kumar Sacheen , Yousaf Nadia , Jhanji Shaman , Nicholson Emma , Howell Michael , Walker Susanna , Wilkinson Robert , Larkin James , Turajlic Samra 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
CAPTURE (NCT03226886) is a prospective cohort study of COVID-19 immunity in patients with cancer. Here we evaluated 585 patients following administration of two doses of BNT162b2 or AZD1222 vaccines, administered 12 weeks apart. Seroconversion rates after two doses were 85% and 59% in patients with solid and hematological malignancies, respectively. A lower proportion of patients had detectable neutralizing antibody titers (NAbT) against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) vs wild-type (WT). Patients with hematological malignancies were more likely to have undetectable NAbT and had lower median NAbT vs solid cancers against both WT and VOCs. In comparison with individuals without cancer, patients with haematological, but not solid, malignancies had reduced NAb responses. Seroconversion showed poor concordance with NAbT against VOCs. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection boosted NAb response including against VOCs, and anti-CD20 treatment was associated with undetectable NAbT. Vaccine-induced T-cell responses were detected in 80% of patients, and were comparable between vaccines or cancer types. Our results have implications for the management of cancer patients during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Development of the T-ALLiPSC-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines for T-cell acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Li Zhu , Chen Xuemei , Liu Luning , Zhou Meiling , Zhou Guangqian , Liu Tao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a kind of hematological malignancy in children. Despite the significant improvement in the cure rate of T-ALL upon treatment with chemotherapy regimens, steroids, and allotransplantation there are relapses. This study focuses on the tumor-specific therapeutic vaccines derived from the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) to address the issue of T-ALL recurrence.MethodsPatient-derived tumor cells were reprogrammed into the iPSCs and the RNA-seq data of the T-ALL-iPSCs and H-iPSCs were analyzed. In vitro, the whole cell lysate antigens of iPSCs were prepared to induce the dendritic cells (DC) maturation, which in turn stimulated the tumor-specific T cells to kill the T-ALL tumor cells (Jurkat, CCRF-CEM, MOLT-4).ResultsBoth T-ALL-iPSCs and H-iPSCs were highly related to the tumor-related genes. The transcriptome analysis showed the T-ALL-iPSCs to be similar to the T-ALL tumor cells. The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) stimulated by the DC-loaded T-ALL-iPSC-derived antigens showed specific cytotoxicity against the T-ALL cells in vitro.Conclusions﻿The T-ALL-iPSC-based therapeutic cancer vaccine can elicit a specific anti-tumor effect on T-ALL.
Alternative methods for controlling nasal obstruction in children
Authors: Dvorianchikov V. V. , Drozdova M. V. , Ryazantsev S. V. , Preobrazhenskaya Yu. S. , Pavlova S. S. 
Published: September 2021

Currently, rhinitis accompanied by nasal obstruction is one of the most common diseases in children and adolescents. Regardless of the cause of its occurrence - an infectious or non-infectious (allergic) process, each time there is a vascular (vasomotor) reaction. In children of preschool and primary school age, the most common is infectious rhinitis, which develops with viral and bacterial infections. The group of non-allergic rhinitis, which develops more often in adolescents, is united by the term idiopathic (vasomotor) rhinitis.Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of a complex preparation containing calendula, witch hazel, esculus, menthol and zinc oxide in the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis in children.Materials and methods. The study included 40 patients of childhood and adolescence, of both sexes (23 girls and 17 boys) aged 6 to 14 years with an established diagnosis of vasomotor (idiopathic) rhinitis, without concomitant pathology, not registered with specialists, without constant admission The study drug was used to lubricate the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity or put turundas with ointment for 3-5 minutes 2-3 times a day. The course of treatment was 7-10 days. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed by the dynamics of clinical data and the severity of the subjective symptoms of the disease.Results. A comparisons of these scores for re-assessing the status of patients relative to the timing of the study drug use showed a uniform positive trend in terms of the clinical picture and subjective complaints of patients.Conclusions. The inclusion in the complex therapy of pediatric patients with idiopathic (vasomotor) rhinitis of the drug Fleming’s Ointment, or monotherapy with this agent, contributes to a rapid and pronounced weakening of the clinical manifestations of the disease, allowing you to quickly achieve positive treatment results in the form of relief of nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, edema of the mucous membrane of the cavity nose, sneezing. There is a positive trend in the state of the mucous membrane itself.
Long-acting insulin analogue in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: emphasis on proven efficacy and safety
Authors: Biryukova E. V. , Shinkin M. V. , Mikheeva O. M. 
Published: September 2021

In time, prescription of insulin therapy (IT) becomes inevitable for many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) to achieve and maintain the target hypoglycemic range.According to the current guidelines, the addition of basal insulin to glucose-lowering therapy in patients with insufficient control of type 2 diabetes, gradual titration of its dose in accordance with a fasting blood glucose level is an effective and safe method for initiating IT. The properties of modern long-acting insulin analogues are considered. Glargine 300 U/ml is a modern analogue of long-acting insulin that is intended to be used once a day. The glargine molecule forms the basis of the drug. Increasing the concentration of glargine per volume unit and formation of a smaller subcutaneous depot led to a change in the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug. Glargine 300 IU/ml provides a more stable, long-term, predictable action with low glycemic variability as compared with glargine 100 IU/ml, which reduces the risk of hypoglycemia. The sugar-reducing efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml as evidenced by the findings of the international clinical phase III EDITION studies are discussed. Insulin glargine 300 U/ml showed a similar decrease in HbA1c levels compared to insulin glargine 100 U/ml with an improved safety profile (lower risk of developing episodes of confirmed or severe hypoglycemia at all times of the day, including the nighttime) and a less pronounced effect on the body weight of patients with type 2 diabetes. The efficacy and safety of the use of glargine 300 U/ml has been confirmed in type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease and the elderly. In the BRIGHT study, glargine 300 U/ml showed comparable glycemic control when it is being compared.
Hypothyroidism: find and neutralize
Authors: Verbovoy A. F. , Dolgikh Yu. A. , Katorzhanskaya T. Yu. , Katorzhanskiy V. K. 
Published: September 2021

Hypothyroidism is one of the most common diseases of the endocrine system. It is more often recorded in older women. This disease is characterized by nonspecific symptoms and a blurred clinical picture. Patients often have many symptoms from various organs and systems. Because of this, hypothyroidism often remains unrecognized, and patients are not prescribed the necessary therapy on time. Doctors of various specialties should pay attention to the symptoms that may manifest as hypothyroidism. This is especially true for elderly patients. As a screening, the definition of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is used. First of all, attention should be paid to the pathology of the cardiovascular system, the presence of arterial hypertension, often diastolic and poorly controlled, a decrease in stroke volume and heart rate. Also, in hypothyroidism, lipid metabolism disorders, an earlier onset of atherosclerosis, a connection with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus were noted. Therefore, it is recommended to diagnose hypothyroidism in patients with these diseases. Screening should also be done in the presence of neurological disorders, depressive and anxiety disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, and hematological disorders (anemias). The determination of TSH is included in the examination plan for infertility, and may also be necessary for other disorders of the reproductive system: menstrual irregularities in women and androgen deficiency in men. Treatment of overt hypothyroidism consists in the appointment of replacement therapy with levothyroxine. If subclinical hypothyroidism is detected, the question of treatment is decided individually and depends on the level of TSH, the patient’s age, and the clinical manifestations of the disease.
Role of proteoglycans in the treatment of alopecia of various genesis
Authors: Sakaniya L. R. , Melnichenko O. O. , Piruzyan A. L. , Korsunskaya I. M. 
Published: September 2021

Hair loss has always been and remains an urgent challenge in the world today. Although this condition is not life-threatening, it still has a strong impact on the patients’ quality of life. Hairlines are affected by multiple factors including age, family history, smoking, nutrition, etc. Alopecia can take many forms, and the specialist’s objective is to determine the correct cause of the disorder of hair growth cycle by taking a medical history from a patient.The key role in the pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia is assigned to changes in hormonal status. Telogen effluvium can be triggered by stress, medication, pregnancy, or other medical conditions. For instance, the high number of patients who have had COVID-19 are now faced with hair loss a few months after recovery.Despite the variety of underlining causes of hair loss, the principle of therapy is the same – the elimination of the trigger and the selection of drugs to normalize the natural hair growth cycle. In this case, the use of drugs containing proteoglycans that are specific proteins involved in the regulation of the hair growth cycle looks promising. Numerous studies demonstrate the efficacy of such proteoglycans as versican, decorin, and syndecan. They activate hair growth and help prolong the anagen phase. This effect of proteoglycans affords to speak about their good therapeutic and even prophylactic properties applied to the problem of hair loss.
Perioperative anemia
Authors: Khovasova N. O. , Naumov A. V. , Tkacheva O. N. 
Published: September 2021

Over 10 million operations are performed each year in Russia. A successful surgical treatment demands assessment and mitigation of perioperative risks, one of which is anemia. Patients with low hemoglobin are at greater risk of developing complications and adverse outcomes. These patients more often stay longer at hospitals, have more in-hospital events and readmissions.Perioperative anemia may be present before surgery, low hemoglobin levels can result from surgery, and can persist after hospital discharge. Preoperative anemia is associated with inferior surgical outcomes and is also an independent risk factor for perioperative complications (acute kidney injury, infectious, thromboembolic, cardiovascular events) and death. Postoperative anemia impairs recovery and increases the risk of reoperations and readmissions.Absolute and functional iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia in the perioperative period. The prescription of iron supplements is indicated in the presence of iron deficiency. If the operation is scheduled to be performed in 6 weeks and longer, the prescription of oral iron forms is recommended. If less than 6 weeks remain before surgery, parenteral iron therapy is prescribed. If hemoglobin levels increase insignificantly during such therapy, high-dose iron supplements are indicated. When it comes to emergency surgery and the anemia is not severe, it is recommended to intravenously administer high-dose iron supplements immediately before surgery. In case of severe anemia, blood transfusion is indicated. According to the patient’s blood management concept, blood transfusion should be minimized, including due to the use of high-dose iron supplements, one of which is ferric carboxymaltose.The choice of treatment for anemia in the postoperative period depends on its severity, the patient’s comorbidities, the type of surgery and the presence of surgical events. In most cases, early intravenous iron therapy is recommended, giving priority to single administration of high-dose iron supplements. Blood transfusion is indicated to patients who have severe anemia, are actively bleeding, and to patients with a severe anemia after the bleeding has been stopped. Iron therapy continues at the outpatient stage of treatment for a long time until the hemoglobin and ferritin levels are normalized, reflecting the replenishment of iron stores in the depot organs.
Antiparkinsonian activity of new N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ligands in the arecoline hyperkinesis test
Authors: Dergachev V. D. , Yakovleva E. E. , Brusina M. A. , Bychkov E. R. , Piotrovskiy L. B. , Shabanov P. D. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the population of older patients. Even though long-term combination therapy helps to cope with the main manifestations of PD. It inevitably leads to the appearance of such side effects as drowsiness, hallucinations, dyskinesia, and many others. [12]. Therefore, the search for effective antiparkinsonian drugs devoid of the above-mentioned adverse reactions remains an urgent task of modern neuropharmacology.The explored substances are derivatives of imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid. These compounds belong to a fundamentally new class of N-methyl-D-aspartate ligands (NMDA) that are not channel blockers. Their pharmacological effect is realized due to interaction with the NMDA receptor recognition site, which, along with high efficiency, allows us to assume their higher safety, compared to previously existing channel blockers from the NMDA ligand group.Objective. Studing of the antiparkinsonian activity of new ligands of the glutamate NMDA-receptor complex-1,2-substituted imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acids on an experimental model of arecoline hyperkinesis.Materials and methods. Imidazole-dicarboxylic acid derivatives (IEM2258, IEM2248, IEM2247, and IEM1574) were injected into the lateral ventricles of the mouse brain 10 minutes before arecoline in a volume of 5 µl at doses of 0.1-0.5 µmol, then the latent period, intensity, and duration of tremor were recorded. Amantadine was used as a comparison drug.Results. Preliminary administration of the studied examined substances led to a significant decrease in the intensity and duration of arecoline tremor. The highest inhibitory activity with respect to the intensity and duration of the experimental tremor was demonstrated with the introduction of the compound IEM-2247 (at a dose of 0.1-0.5 mmol, the duration of the latent period of the tremor was 1.7-2.3 times longer than the control one, respectively, the duration of the tremor decreased by 1.5 - 2.5 times).Conclusions. The dose-dependent antiparkinsonian activity of imidazole-dicarboxylic acid derivatives is shown, indicating the prospects for the development of these substances and the further search for effective and safe antiparkinsonian agents among the compounds of this class.
Outpatient management of patients with discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy
Authors: Prokopovich V. S. 
Published: September 2021

Disсоgenic lumbosacral radiculopathy (DLSR) is less common than lumbar musculoskeletal pains, but has a worse forecast and is more often accompanied by a long disabilities. Most patients with DLSR can effectively be treated under polyclinic conditions, but it is not clear how effective conservative methods of DLSR therapy are used in real outpatient practice. This study was carried out in order to analyze the outpatient maintenance of patients with DLSR, which were surgical treatment (lumbar microdiskectomy) due to the ineffectiveness of conservative therapy.Materials and methods. 90 patients (33 men, 57 women, average age – 59.78 ± 12) years suffered surgical treatment (microdiskectomy) due to the ineffectiveness of conservative DLSR. The duration of the disease to operation ranged from 2 to 14 weeks and was an average of 6 ± 3 weeks.Results. Patients were not informed about the favorable course of the DLSR, the possibilities of natural (without surgical intervention) of the regression of the disk hernia, as well as expediency to maintain all types of activity, avoid a long bed mode. Only half of the patients were conducted by therapeutic gymnastics. 94.4% of patients received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory funds, 92.2% – muscle relaxant, 79.8% – a complex of vitamins of group B, and epidural blockade with anesthetics and corticosteroids were not used. Relatively widely used ineffective methods of therapy of the DLSR: paravertebral blockade of analgesics (42.2%), intravenous drip administration of actovegin and/or pentoxyfalline (26.7%), magnetotherapy and/or laser and therapy (36.7%).Conclusion. In an outpatient practice, patients with DLSR do not receive effective conservative treatment, which may be a reason for the early (after 6 weeks) directions for surgical treatment. Polyclinic doctors are poorly informed about the effective conservative methods of DLSR therapy.