bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Preconditioned by Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation Promote Bone-Tendon Interface Fibrocartilage Regeneration and Ameliorate Rotator Cuff Fatty Infiltration
Authors: Wu Bing , Chen Huabin , Shi Xin , Wang Lingfeng , Zhang Tao , Guan Changbiao , Huang Tingmo , Yang Yuying , Hu Jianzhong , Lu Hongbin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Fibrovascular scar healing of bone-tendon interface (BTI) instead of functional fibrocartilage regeneration is the main concern associated with unsatisfactory prognosis in rotator cuff repair. Mesenchymal stem cells exosomes have been reported to be a new promising cell-free approach for rotator cuff healing. Whereas, controvercies abound in whether exosomes of native MSCs alone can effectively induce chondrogenesis. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of Exosomes derived from low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS)-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (LIPUS-BMSC-Exos) or un-preconditioned BMSCs (BMSC-Exos) on rotator cuff healing and the underlying mechanism. Specifically, C57BL/6 mice underwent unilateral supraspinatus tendon detachment and repair were randomly assigned to saline, BMSCs-Exos or LIPUS-BMSC-Exos injection therapy. The results indicated that the biomechanical properties of the supraspinatus tendon-humeral junction were significantly improved in the LIPUS-BMSC-Exos group than that of the BMSCs-Exos group. The LIPUS-BMSC-Exos group also exhibited a higher histological score and more newly regenerated fibrocartilage at the repair site at postoperative 2 and 4 weeks and less fatty infiltration at 4 weeks than the BMSCs-Exos group. In vitro, co-culture of BMSCs with LIPUS-BMSC-Exos could significantly promote BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation than the BMSCs and BMSC-Exos co-cultured group did. Subsequently, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed significantly higher enrichment of chondrogenic miRNAs and less enrichment of adipogenic miRNAs in LIPUS-BMSC-Exos compared with BMSC-Exos. Moreover, we demonstrated that this chondrogenesis-inducing potential was primarily attributed to miR-140, one of the most abundant miRNAs in LIPUS-BMSC-Exos. Collectively, our results highlight the regenerative potential of LIPUS-BMSC-Exos to promote BTI fibrocartilage regeneration and ameliorate supraspinatus fatty infiltration by positive regulation of pro-chondrogenetic and anti-adipogenetic of BMSCs differentiation which was primarily through delivering miR-140.
Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells can Alleviate Hypertrophic Scars and Affect the Biological Activity and Oxidative Stress-related Factors of Hypertrophic Scar Fibroblasts
Authors: Li Shiyi , Yang Jinxiu , Chen Minliang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background As a fibrotic disease with a high incidence, the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scarring is still not fully understood, and its treatment is also very difficult. In recent years, human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have been considered an effective treatment for fibrotic diseases, such as keloids. This study mainly explores the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of ADSCs on hypertrophic scars.Methods After coculture, western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR) were used to detect gene and protein expression in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs). Flow cytometry was used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis, cell proliferation and migration were also detected. A nude mouse animal model was established, the effects of ADSCs on hypertrophic scars were observed, and H&E staining, Masson staining and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein content detection were performed.Results Our experimental results show that ADSCs can inhibit HSF proliferation and migration and promote apoptosis. Our experimental results show that ADSCs can inhibit the proliferation and migration of HSFs and promote apoptosis. ADSCs also increase the ROS of HSFs, reduce superoxide dismutase (SOD), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and reduce the expression of Nrf2 and BCL2. In in vivo experiments, we found that ADSCs can reduce the weight of hypertrophic scars, rearrange collagen fibres, and significantly reduce the Nrf2 content in tissues.Conclusion ADSCs can alleviate hypertrophic scars, promote the rearrangement of collagen fibres, and affect the biological activity of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts and oxidative stress-related factors.
Performance Assessment Across Different Care Settings of A Novel Heart Failure Hospitalisation Risk Score For Type 2 Diabetes Patients Developed Using Administrative Claims Only
Authors: Guazzo Alessandro , Longato Enrico , Sparacino Giovanni , Franco-Novelletto Bruno , Cancian Maurizio , Fusello Massimo , Tramontan Lara , Battaggia Alessandro , Avogaro Angelo , Fadini Gian Paolo , Camillo Barbara Di 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Predicting the risk of cardiovascular complications, in particular heart failure hospitalisation (HHF), can improve the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Most predictive models proposed so far rely on clinical data not available at the higher Institutional level. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the risk of HHF in people with T2D using administrative claims data only, which are more easily obtainable and could allow public health systems to identify high-risk individuals. In this paper, the administrative claims of >175,000 patients with T2D were used to develop a new risk score for HHF based on Cox regression. Internal validation on the administrative data cohort yielded satisfactory results in terms of discrimination (max AUROC=0.792, C-index=0.786) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test p-value<0.05). The risk score was then tested on data gathered from two independent centers (one diabetes outpatient clinic and one primary care network) to demonstrate its applicability to different care settings in the medium-long term. Thanks to the large size and broad demographics of the administrative dataset used for training, the proposed model was able to predict HHF without significant performance loss concerning bespoke models developed within each setting using more informative, but harder-to-acquire clinical variables.
Ecological Niche Modeling Predicting the Potential Distribution of African Horse Sickness Virus from 2020 - 2060
Authors: Assefa Ayalew , Tibebu Abebe , Bihon Amare , Dagnachew Alemu , Muktar Yimer 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
African horse sickness is a vector-borne, non-contagious and highly infectious disease of equines caused by African Horse Sickness viruses (AHSv) that mainly affect horses. The occurrence of the disease causes huge economic impacts because of its fatality rate is high, trade ban and disease control costs. In planning of vectors and vector borne diseases, the application of Ecological niche models (ENM) used an enormous contribution in exactly delineating the suitable habitats of the vector. We developed an ENM with the objective of delineating the global suitability of AHSv outbreaks retrospective based on data records from 2005–2019. The model was developed in R software program using Biomod2 package with an Ensemble modeling technique. Predictive environmental variables like mean diurnal range, mean precipitation of driest month(mm), precipitation seasonality (cv), mean annual maximum temperature (oc), mean annual minimum temperature (oc) mean precipitation of warmest quarter(mm), mean precipitation of coldest quarter (mm) mean annual precipitation (mm), solar radiation (kj /day), elevation/altitude (m), wind speed (m/s) were used to develop the model. From these variables, solar radiation, mean maximum temperature, average annual precipitation, altitude and precipitation seasonality contributed 36.83%, 17.1%, 14.34%, 7.61%, and 6.4%, respectively. The model depicted the sub-Sahara African continent as the most suitable area for the virus. Mainly Senegal, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Madagascar and Malawi are African countries identified as highly suitable countries for the virus. Besides, OIE-listed disease-free countries like India, Australia, Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia have been found suitable for the virusThis model can be used as an epidemiological tool in planning control and surveillance of diseases nationally or internationally.
GSTpi Reduces DNA Damage And Cell Death By Regulating The Ubiquitination And Nuclear Translocation of NBS1
Authors: Zhou Jinyi , Gu Lili , Shi Yingying , Huang Ting , Fan Xirui , Bi Xiaowen , Lu Shuai , Liang Juanjuan , Luo Lan , Cao Peng , Yin Zhimin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTpi) is an important phase Ⅱ detoxifying enzyme that participates in various physiological processes, such as antioxidant, detoxification, and signal transduction. The high expression level of GSTpi has been reported to be related to drug-resistant and anti-inflammatory and it functioned via its non-catalytic ligandin. However, the previous protection mechanism of GSTpi in DNA damage has not been addressed so far. Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 (NBS1) is one of the most important sensor proteins to detect damaged DNA. Here, we investigated the interaction between GSTpi and NBS1 in HEK-293T cells and human breast adenocarcinoma cells during DNA damage. Our results showed that overexpression of GSTpi in cells by transfecting DNA vector decreased the DNA damage level after Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) or Adriamycin (ADR) treatment. We found that cytosolic GSTpi could increase NBS1 ubiquitin-mediated degradation in unstimulated cells, which suggested that GSTpi could maintain the basal level of NBS1 during normal conditions. In response to DNA damage, GSTpi can be phosphorylated in Ser184 and inhibit the ubiquitination degradation of NBS1 mediated by Skp2 to recover NBS1 protein level. Phosphorylated GSTpi can further enhance NBS1 nuclear translocation to activate the ATM-Chk2-p53 signaling pathway. Finally, GSTpi blocked the cell cycle in the G2/M phase to gain more time for cells to repair. Thus, our finding revealed the novel mechanism of GSTpi via its Ser184 phosphorylation to protect cells from cell death during DNA damage and it enriches the function of GSTpi in drug resistance.
Triggering Mechanisms of Gayari Avalanche, Pakistan
Authors: Saif Bilal , Tahir Muhammad , Sultan Amir , Iqbal Muhammad Tahir , Iqbal Talat , Shah Mohammad Ali , Gurmani Samia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A massive snow avalanche occurred on April, 2012 at Gayari, located in NE part of Pakistan, close to India and China Border. The catastrophic avalanche killed nearly 148 people, majority of which were Pakistan army personnel destroying army base camp. To mitigate its future hazard, different triggering mechanisms have been investigated in this study. We contemplate that the avalanche was triggered due to snow pack existence on favorable slope in combination with different meteorological conditions and anomalous ground vibration. The avalanche occurrence clock was advanced by two earthquakes: M4.1 at a distance ∼ 125 km that occurred about 21 hours before and another comparatively larger (M5.6) earthquake that occurred comparatively at larger distance (∼ 370 km) and longer time (∼ 25 days) before which have significantly changed the loading conditions. The latter event (M 5.6) has imparted maximum peak dynamic stress and cumulative seismic moment a month before the avalanche. Interestingly the avalanche occurred within the seismic coda of M2.8 earthquake from Hindu Kush region, located at 560 km distance. Although the size and its expected impact on avalanche might be minor but its role in instantaneous triggering cannot be ruled out. Even smaller events at larger distance have been reported to cause snow avalanches in same environments. The presence of cracks within the avalanche, were further weaken by persistence of extremely low temperature (lowest in the past decade), causing high precipitation rate along with altering the mechanical properties of the weak layer within the snow pack. Robust wind pressure pattern highest and lowest in March and April, 2012 respectively might be responsible for abrupt changes in loading conditions.
Poor dietary practice and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on follow up in Nigist Elleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Selassie Mulugeta , Tamiru Desalegn , Tadesse Tegegn , Gizachew Adisalem 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Despite the importance of dietary practice on self care of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, poor dietary practice results in long term complications. Therefore this study was conducted to identify the level of poor dietary practice among type 2 diabetic patients on follow up in Nigist Elleni Mohammed Memorial comprehensive specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia.
Methods

Facility based cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the level of poor dietary practice among type II diabetes mellitus adult patients. The study was conducted from March to April 2020 G.C. Systematic random sampling method was used to select the study respondent. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were carried out to assess independent predictors of poor practice to diet. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals together with value ≤ 0.05 were used to identify independent predictors of poor dietary practice.
Result

The overall proportion of poor dietary adherence among type diabetes patients was 53.7% (n = 168). Having large family size, occupations, being low wealth status, lack of family support and not being member of diabetic association were the factors associated with poor adherence of dietary practice among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Conclusion

The overall magnitude of the poor adherence to dietary practice among type 2 diabetes mellitus adult patients was 53.7% which is not going in line with international recommendations of diabetic self care. Every concerned body should strive to address those factors associated with poor dietary practice among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Cardiovascular Disease Behavioural Risk Factors in Rural Interventions: Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Akinosun Adewale S. , Kamya Sylvia , Watt Jonathan , Johnston William , Leslie Stephen J. , Grindle Mark 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aims:This study aims to 1) assess the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) behavioural risk factors in patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) 2) identify target risk factor(s) for behaviour modification intervention, and 3) develop an analytical model to define cluster(s) of risk factors which could help make any generic intervention more targeted to the local patient population.Subject and Methods:Study patients with at least one CVD behavioural risk factors living in a rural region. The study used STROBE methodology for cross-sectional studies. Demographic and clinical data of patients (n=2025) were collected at the point of admission for PCI between 04.01.2016 to 31.12.2019. Collected data distributions were analysed by CVD behavioural risk factors for prevalence, associations, and direction of associations. Cluster definition was measured by assignment of a unit score each for overall level of prevalence and significance of associations, and general logistics modelling for direction and significance of risk.Results:The mean (SD) age was 69.47(±10.93) years [95% CI (68.99 - 69.94)]. The key risk factors were hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, and elevated body mass index (BMI). Approximately 40% of the population have multiple risk factor counts of two. Analytical measures revealed a population risk factor cluster with elevated BMI [77.5% (1570/2025)] that is mostly either hyperlipidaemic [9.43%, co-eff. (17), P=.007] or hypertensive [22.72%, co-eff. (17), P=.99] as key risk factor clusters.Conclusion:Carefully modelled analyses revealed clustered behavioural risk associated with elevated BMI. This information would support a strategy for applying targeted clusters in novel interventions to improve implementation efficiency.Conclusion: Risk factors, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and percutaneous coronary intervention.
A Synthesis-Based Reverse Metabolomics Approach for the Discovery of Chemical Structures from Humans and Animals.
Authors: Dorrestein Pieter , Gentry Emily , Collins Stephanie , Panitchpakdi Morgan , Belda-Ferre Pedro , Stewart Allison , Wang Mingxun , Jarmusch Alan , Avila-Pacheco Julian , Plichta Damian , Aron Allegra , Vlamakis Hera , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin , Clish Clary , Xavier Ramnik , Baker Erin , Patterson Andrew , Knight Robin , Siegel Dionicio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Identification of metabolites in humans remains challenging. Here, we present synthesis-based reverse metabolomics as a strategy for structure elucidation that aims to also find phenotypic associations. In this approach, MS/MS spectra are acquired from newly synthesized compounds, and searched against public metabolomics data to uncover their phenotypic associations. To demonstrate the concept, we used combinatorial amide coupling reactions to synthesize an array of amino acid conjugated bile acids. A total of 16,587 spectral matches were found for 145 amidates synthesized, representing the single largest expansion of structures in the 170+ year history of bile acids. Furthermore, some new bile acids were associated with health-related phenotypes such as inflammatory bowel diseases and obesity. Using independent human cohorts for validation revealed that some cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid conjugates were elevated in Crohn’s disease, of which some were also potent PXR agonists. Bacteria belonging to bifidobacterium, clostridium, and enterococci genera were the main producers of these new conjugated bile acids. Because searching repositories with MS/MS spectra has only recently become possible, this synthesis-based reverse metabolomics approach can now be employed as a general strategy to elucidate structures and discover other new molecules from human and animal ecosystems.
Delivery of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention With Enhanced Infection Prevention and Control Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria, Burkina Faso and Chad: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ward Charlotte , Phillips Abimbola , Oresanya Olusola , Olisenekwu Gloria , Arogunade Ekundayo , Moukénet Azoukalné , Beakgoubé Honoré , Allambademel Vincent de Paul , Compaoré Cheick Saïd , Traoré Adama , Ouedraogo Jean-Bosco , Compaoré Yves Daniel , Zongo Issaka , Donovan Laura , Decola Monica Anna , Smith Helen , Baker Kevin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
IntroductionSeasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is a WHO-recommended intervention for children aged 3-59 months living in areas of high malaria transmission to provide protection against malaria during the rainy season. Operational guidelines were developed, based on WHO guidance, to support countries to mitigate the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission within communities and among community distributors when delivering SMC.MethodsA cross-sectional study to determine adherence to infection prevention and control measures during two distribution cycles of SMC in Nigeria, Chad and Burkina Faso. Community distributors were observed receiving equipment and delivering SMC. Adherence across six domains was calculated as the proportion of indications in which the community distributor performed the correct action. Focus group discussions were conducted with community distributors to understand their perceptions of the infection prevention and control measures and barriers and facilitators to adherence.ResultsWe observed community distributors in Nigeria (n=259), Burkina Faso (n=252) and Chad (n=266) receiving infection prevention and control equipment and delivering SMC. Adherence to infection prevention and control indications varied. In all three countries, adherence to mask use was the highest (ranging from 73.3% in Nigeria to 86.9% in Burkina Faso). Adherence to hand hygiene for at least 30 seconds was low (ranging from 3.6% in Nigeria to 10.3% in Burkina Faso) but increased substantially when excluding the length of time spent hand washing (ranging from 36.7% in Nigeria to 61.4% in Burkina Faso). Adherence to safe distancing in the compound ranged from 5.4% in Chad to 16.4% in Nigeria. In Burkina Faso and Chad, where disinfection wipes widely available compliance with disinfection of blister packs for SMC was low (17.4% in Burkina Faso and 16.9% in Chad). Community distributors generally found the infection prevention and control measures acceptable, however there were barriers to optimal hand hygiene practices, cultural norms made social distancing difficult to adhere to and caregivers needed assistance to administer the first dose of SMC.ConclusionAdherence to infection prevention and control measures for SMC delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic varied across domains of infection prevention and control, but was largely insufficient, particularly for hand hygiene and safe distancing. Improvements in provision of equipment, early awareness raising and adaptations to make infection prevention and control measures more feasible to implement could increase adherence.
Unexpected Similarity Between HIV‐1 Reverse Transcriptase and Tumor Necrosis Factor Binding Sites Revealed by Computer Vision.
Authors: Eguida Merveille , Rognan Didier 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Rationalizing the identification of hidden similarities across the repertoire of druggable protein cavities remains a major hurdle to a true proteome‐wide structure‐based discovery of novel drug candidates. We recently described a new computational approach (ProCare), inspired by numerical image processing, to identify local similarities in fragment‐based subpockets. During the validation of the method, we unexpectedly identified a possible similarity in the binding pockets of two unrelated targets, human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase (HIV‐1 RT). Microscale thermophoresis experiments confirmed the ProCare prediction as two of the three tested and FDA‐approved HIV‐1 RT inhibitors indeed bind to soluble human TNF‐α trimer. Interestingly, the herein disclosed similarity could be revealed neither by state‐of‐the‐art binding sites comparison methods nor by ligand‐based pairwise similarity searches, suggesting that the point cloud registration approach implemented in ProCare, is uniquely suited to identify local and unobvious similarities among totally unrelated targets.
Association of MMP-9, ADMA, and sCD40L with ischemic stroke and correlations with stroke severity: A case-control study
Authors: Li Min , Wang Hongmei , Gao Yanjun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

In the present study, we aimed to examine the correlation of serum levels of MMP-9, ADMA, and sCD40L with the occurrence and severity of acute ischemic stroke.
Methods

All routines analyses were performed using a Cobas platform. MMP-9, ADMA, and sCD40L were measured using ELISA kit.
Results

Compared with the controls, the stroke group showed higher MMP-9,higher sCD40L and higher ADMA. There were significant positive correlations between the NIHSS scores and MMP-9, sCD40L and ADMA.
Conclusions

Our study indicated that serum levels of MMP-9, sCD40L, and ADMA are associated with ischemic stroke and are correlated with the NIHSS scores at admission.