bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic prescribing for acute infections in synchronous telehealth consultations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bakhit Mina , Baillie Emma , Krzyzaniak Natalia , van Driel Mieke , Clark Justin , Glasziou Paul , Del Mar Christopher 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundAntibiotic overprescribing is a major concern that contributes to the problem of antibiotic resistance.AimTo assess the effect on antibiotic prescribing in primary care of telehealth (TH) consultations compared with face-to-face (F2F).Design & settingSystematic review and meta-analysis of adult or paediatric patients with a history of a community-acquired acute infection (respiratory, urinary, or skin and soft tissue). Studies were included that compared synchronous TH consultations (phone or video-based) to F2F consultations in primary care.MethodPubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL (inception–2021), clinical trial registries and citing–cited references of included studies were searched. Two review authors independently screened the studies and extracted the data.ResultsThirteen studies were identified. The one small randomised controlled trial (RCT) found a non-significant 25% relative increase in antibiotic prescribing in the TH group. The remaining 10 were observational studies but did not control well for confounding and, therefore, were at high risk of bias. When pooled by specific infections, there was no consistent pattern. The six studies of sinusitis — including one before–after study — showed significantly less prescribing for acute rhinosinusitis in TH consultations, whereas the two studies of acute otitis media showed a significant increase. Pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, and urinary tract infections showed non-significant higher prescribing in the TH group. Bronchitis showed no change in prescribing.ConclusionThe impact of TH on prescribing appears to vary between conditions, with more increases than reductions. There is insufficient evidence to draw strong conclusions, however, and higher quality research is urgently needed.
Number of Donor Renal Arteries and Early Outcomes after Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Husain S. Ali , King Kristen L. , Robbins-Juarez Shelief , Adler Joel T. , McCune Kasi R. , Mohan Sumit 
Published: September 2021

Key Points

Transplanted kidneys with multiple arteries have similar delayed graft function and 90-day graft failure compared with single-artery kidneys.Deceased donor kidneys with multiple renal arteries have a longer cold ischemia time at transplantation compared with those with single arteries.Kidneys needing spatulation to single anastomoses may experience more delayed graft function than single-artery or other multiartery kidneys.

Background
Anatomic abnormalities increase the risk of deceased donor kidney discard, but their effect on transplant outcomes is understudied. We sought to determine the effect of multiple donor renal arteries on early outcomes after deceased donor kidney transplantation.

Methods
For this retrospective cohort study, we identified 1443 kidneys from 832 deceased donors with ≥1 kidney transplanted at our center (2006–2016). We compared the odds of delayed graft function and 90-day graft failure using logistic regression. To reduce potential selection bias, we then repeated the analysis using a paired-kidney cohort, including kidney pairs from 162 donors with one single-artery kidney and one multiartery kidney.

Results
Of 1443 kidneys included, 319 (22%) had multiple arteries. Multiartery kidneys experienced longer cold ischemia time, but other characteristics were similar between groups. Delayed graft function (50% multiartery versus 45% one artery, P=0.07) and 90-day graft failure (3% versus 3%, P=0.83) were similar between groups before and after adjusting for donor and recipient characteristics. In the paired kidney analysis, cold ischemia time was significantly longer for multiartery kidneys compared with single-artery kidneys from the same donor (33.5 versus 26.1 hours, P<0.001), but delayed graft function and 90-day graft failure were again similar between groups.

Conclusions
Compared with single-artery deceased donor kidneys, those with multiple renal arteries are harder to place, but experience similar delayed graft function and early graft failure.
Perencanaan Anggaran Biaya Pekerjaan Kayu Style Bali Berdasarkan Analisa Harga Satuan Lapangan
Authors: Ebtha Yuni Ni Kadek Sri , Suardika I Nyoman 
Published: September 2021

Kekhasan pekerjaan kayu style Bali berdampak pada tidak ada standar Analisa Harga Satuan pada SNI atau PU, sehingga diperlukan adanya analisis harga satuan pekerjaan khususnya untuk pekerjaan kayu style Bali. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pengrajin di Kabupaten Gianyar. Dalam menyusun RAB dengan 3 alternatif yaitu kombinasi saka, lambang dan pintu style Bali dan melakukan wawancara untuk memperoleh data identifikasi faktor yang mempengaruhi harga pekerjaan kayu style Bali. Pekerjaan yang ditinjau adalah (1) saka ukir, (2) saka polos, (3) lambang gembol, (4) lambang sari, (5) lambang polos, (6) pintu ukir. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh Harga pekerjaan saka ukir dengan panjang 3 m adalah Rp 4.815.046/ unit dan saka polos Rp 3.288.025/ unit. Harga lambang gambol per m adalah Rp 3.944.438/ m’, Lambang sari Rp 2.500.688/ m’ dan lambang polos Rp 1.554.813/ m’. Harga pintu kayu ukir ukuran 800 x 2000 mm Rp 29.002.400/ unit. Adapun spesifikasi dari harga di atas adalah menggunakan material kayu jati kualitas I, finishing politur. Biaya Overhead & Profit 5 % diasumsikan sama dengan analisa pada SNI yaitu 5%. Dari 3 alternatif yang ditentukan diperoleh RAB alternatif 1 Rp 94,806,962, alternatif 2 Rp 60,501,304, alternatif 3 Rp Rp 77,770,712.
Synergy between endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GGA and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induces plant defense responses against white rot of garlic and improves host plant growth
Authors: RASHAD Younes M. , ABBAS Mohamed  A. , SOLIMAN Hoda M. , ABDEL-FATTAH Ghada , ABDEL-FATTAH Gamal 
Published: September 2021

White rot, caused by Sclerotium cepivorum, is a serious and economically important disease of garlic, which leads to losses in the garlic production in most of the tropical, subtropical and temperate areas. Biocontrol potential of an endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GGA and/or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) against this disease was investigated. The B. amyloliquefaciens GGA exhibited antagonistic activity against S. cepivorum in vitro. Scanning electron microscopy revealed alterations in the morphology of the pathogen in response to the exposure to the bacterial metabolites. Results from a pot experiment demonstrated that application of the dual treatment of the B. amyloliquefaciens GGA and AMF reduced disease incidence and severity more than the single treatments, and led to the greatest increases in total phenol content, activities of the defense-related enzymes phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase, and transcriptional expression levels of the defensin and chitinase genes. Growth and yield parameters of garlic plants were enhanced after this treatment. This study showed good efficacy on the tested biocontrol agents for control white rot of garlic plants grown in pots. Future research should evaluate these biocontrol strategies under field conditions.
The Analysis of Cognitive Moral in Bridging the Gap Between Internal Marketing and B2B Salespeople Performance
Authors: Ribhan . , Maydiantoro Albet 
Published: September 2021

This study seeks to confirm and analyse the effect of cross-level cognitive morals on internal marketing and business sales force performance (i.e. behavioural performance and outcome performance). The concepts of relationship marketing and marketing theory of ethics underpin the relationship among variables. This study adopted a quantitative approach through a survey of 460 respondents from 13 company services and manufacturers. Internal marketing variables were measured at the unit level and tested using interrater agreement and the intraclass correlation. In contrast, the cognitive moral variables, behavioural performance, and sales force performance results were measured individually. Hierarchical linear modelling (HLM) was used to test the effect of the cross-level research variables. The results showed that internal marketing empirically supports cognitive morals. However, the effect of internal marketing does not support the two-dimensional performances of the sales force. Theoretically, the contributions, internal marketing and cognitive morals have shown the relationship between marketing and marketing theory of ethics.

Received: 28 April 2021 / Accepted: 15 July 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
The Circular Economy in the Popular Republic of China: A Multilevel Strategy for a New Model of Economic and Social Development
Authors: Senatore Gianluca 
Published: September 2021

The following work analyzes the principal differences in the implementation of the circular economy model between Europe and China, with a focus on practices and strategies set in place by the asiatic Popular Republic to promote the sustainable development. For that purpose, in this work, relevant trial studies on the management and deployment of circular economy in China and on green behaviors of Chinese population have been examined

Received: 20 July 2021 / Accepted: 30 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Digital Credit in Kenya: A Survey of Costs, Uses and Borrowers Considerations in Relation to Loan Uptake
Authors: Kamau Charles Guandaru 
Published: September 2021

Digital credit involves use of mobile telephone devices and online platforms to secure short term credit. Digital credit has been on a steady rising trend in Kenya since 2012. Availability of credit by households especially the low-income persons have been of great concern for many years. Digital credit has come in handy to address this concern to a great extent. The main aim of this study was to analyse the cost of digital credit, the uses to which the borrowers apply the digital loans and the factors that they consider before applying for the digital loan in Kenya. The data collection methods used are analysis of secondary data and online surveys. The study analysed the data using paired sample t tests and regression analysis methods. The study observed that there is no significant difference between the cost of digital loans and the banks’ lending rate in Kenya. The findings of this study employment status and loan application have a statistically significant effect on the level of loan uptake. Digital credit users age and loan considerations did not have statistically significant effect on the loan uptake.
Anatomy of Economic Activity There are Two Main Flows
Authors: Quinn Terrance 
Published: September 2021

I draw attention to an economic theory discovered in the 1930’s by the Canadian scholar Bernard Lonergan (1904-1984). At the time, Lonergan was unable to find an economist to read his manuscripts. Eventually, however, his results were published in For a New Political Economy (Lonergan 1998); and Macroeconomic Dynamics: An Essay in Circulation Analysis (Lonergan, 1999), volumes 21 and 15 of the Collected Works of Bernard Lonergan. Volume 21 contains almost all of Lonergan’s typewritten work on economics prior to and including the 1944 Essay in Circulation Analysis. Lonergan’s theory, however, remains largely unknown to both orthodox and heterodox economics. Within the contemporary ethos, economic models typically are remote from actual economic activities in cities, towns and people’s lives. Lonergan’s theory, by contrast, begins with economic activities. It builds on a key observation that there are not just “firms and households” but two functionally distinct types of firm. Businesses can and often do function in both ways, depending on transactions. Orthodox economics has been causing great damage to world cultures and ecosystems. Attempts to merely adjust mainstream models have proven ineffective. Within heterodox economics there has been a growing interest in finding a viable alternative. This paper gives a brief introduction to the alternative provided by Bernard Lonergan’s two-flow theory. It is a theory that will ground the possibility of effective and humane strategies for local and global economies. Elements of this paper were originally presented at the International Confederation of Associations for Pluralism in Economics (ICAPE), January 4th, 2018, Drexel University in Philadelphia.
Professional Commitment and Work Life Quality Levels of Nurses
Authors: PEKEREN Merve , BAŞDAŞ Öznur 
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the levels of and relationship between professional commitment and quality of work life of the nurses.
Method: 270 nurses, who worked at a university hospital and accepted to participate, were recruited to the study. The data were collected using the Introductory Characteristics Form, the Quality of Nursing Work Life Scale (QNWLS) and the Nursing Professional Commitment Scale (NPCS) during September-December 2017. Descriptive statistics, Independent t, Mann-Whitney U, One Way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis tests and Pearson Correlation analysis were used for the data analysis.
Results: It was found that total mean score of the Nursing Professional Commitment Scale was 69.93±12.54, and total mean score of the Quality of Nursing Work Life Scale was 104.53±17.38. It was determined that there was a positive correlation between the Nursing Professional Commitment Scale subscale and total scale scores and the Quality of Nursing Work Life Scale subscale and total scale scores (p
Hemşirelerin Sosyotropik Otonomik Kişilik Özellikleri ile Klinik Karar Vermeleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: AY Eda , KARAKURT Nurgül , KAVURAN Esin 
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı hemşirelerin sosyotropik-otonomik kişilik özellikleri ve klinik karar verme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı türde olan bu araştırma Mayıs 2015- Temmuz 2015 tarihleri arası ülkenin doğusunda bulunan bir üniversite hastanesinde yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, ilgili hastanede belirtilen tarihler arasında görev yapan hemşireler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 171 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Veriler “Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu” ve “Sosyotropi-Otonomi Ölçeği” ve “Hemşirelikte Klinik Karar Verme Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzde, aritmetik ortalama ve korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Hemşirelerin sosyotropi ölçeğinden aldıkları puan ortalaması 55.2±16.1, otonomi ölçeğinden aldıkları puan ortalaması ise 67.6±19.5 olarak belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelikte Klinik Karar Verme Ölçeği puan ortalaması ise 125.1±21.8 olarak saptanmıştır. Hemşirelerin Hemşirelikte Klinik Karar Verme Ölçeği ile otonomi ölçeği ile pozitif yönde, onaylanmama kaygısı alt ölçeği arasında ise negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p
Analysis of Polarimetry Data with Angular Uncertainties
Authors: Marshall Herman L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
For a track based polarimeter, such as the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE), the sensitivity to polarization depends on the modulation factor, which is a strong function of energy. In previous work, a likelihood method was developed that would account for this variation in order to estimate the minimum detectable polarization (MDP). That method essentially required that the position angles of individual events should be known precisely. In a separate work, however, it was shown that using a machine-learning method for measuring event tracks can generate track angle uncertainties, which can be used in the analysis. Here, the maximum likelihood method is used as a basis for revising the estimate of the MDP in a general way that can include uncertainties in event track position angles. The resultant MDP depends solely upon the distribution of track angle uncertainties present in the input data. Due to the physics of the IXPE detectors, it is possible to derive a simple relationship between these angular uncertainties and the energy-dependent modulation function as a step in the process.
What Determines the H i Gas Content in Galaxies? Morphological Dependence of the H i Gas Fraction across the M
*–SFR Plane
Authors: Namiki Shgieru V. , Koyama Yusei , Koyama Shuhei , Yamashita Takuji , Hayashi Masao , Haynes Martha P. , Shimakawa Rhythm , Onodera Masato 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We perform a stacking analysis of the H i spectra from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey for optically selected local galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to study the average gas fraction of galaxies at fixed stellar mass (M
*) and star formation rate (SFR). We first confirm that the average gas fraction strongly depends on the stellar mass and SFR of host galaxies; massive galaxies tend to have a lower gas fraction, and actively star-forming galaxies show a higher gas fraction, which is consistent with many previous studies. Then we investigate the morphological dependence of the H i gas mass fraction at fixed M
* and SFR to minimize the effects of these parameters. We use three morphological classifications based on parametric indicator (Sérsic index), nonparametric indicator (C-index), and visual inspection (smoothness from the Galaxy Zoo 2 project) on the optical image. We find that there is no significant morphological dependence of the H i gas mass fraction at fixed M
* and SFR when we use the C-index. In comparison, there exists a hint of diminishment in the H i gas mass fraction for “smooth” galaxies compared with “nonsmooth” galaxies. We find that the visual smoothness is sensitive to the existence of small-scale structures in a galaxy. Our result suggests that even at fixed M
* and SFR, the presence of such small-scale structures (seen in the optical image) is linked to their total H i gas content.
X-Ray Observations of 1ES 1959+650 in Its High-activity State in 2016–2017 with AstroSat and Swift
Authors: Chandra Sunil , Boettcher Markus , Goswami Pranjupriya , Singh Kulinder Pal , Zacharias Michael , Kaur Navpreet , Bhattacharyya Sudip , Ganesh Shashikiran , Dorner Daniela 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present a comprehensive multifrequency study of the high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object 1ES 1959+650 using data from various facilities during the period 2016–2017, including X-ray data from AstroSat and Swift during the historically high X-ray flux state of the source observed until 2021 February. The unprecedented quality of X-ray data from high-cadence monitoring with AstroSat during 2016–2017 enables us to establish a detailed description of X-ray flares in 1ES 1959+650. The synchrotron peak shifts significantly between different flux states, in a manner consistent with a geometric (changing Doppler factor) interpretation. A time-dependent leptonic diffusive shock acceleration and radiation transfer model is used to reproduce the spectral energy distributions and X-ray light curves, to provide insight into the particle acceleration during the major activity periods observed in 2016 and 2017. The extensive data of Swift-XRT from 2015 December to 2021 February (exp. = 411.3 ks) reveals a positive correlation between flux and peak position.
An Archival Search for Neutron-star Mergers in Gravitational Waves and Very-high-energy Gamma Rays
Authors: Adams C. B. , Benbow W. , Brill A. , Buckley J. H. , Capasso M. , Christiansen J. L. , Chromey A. J. , Daniel M. K. , Errando M. , Falcone A. , Farrell K. A. , Feng Q. , Finley J. P. , Fortson L. , Furniss A. , Gent A. , Giuri C. , Hanna D. , Hassan T. , Hervet O. , Holder J. , Hughes G. , Humensky T. B. , Jin W. , Kaaret P. , Kertzman M. , Kieda D. , Kumar S. , Lang M. J. , Lundy M. , Maier G. , McGrath C. E , Moriarty P. , Mukherjee R. , Nieto D. , Nievas-Rosillo M. , O’Brien S. , Ong R. A. , Otte A. N. , Park N. , Patel S. , Pfrang K. , Pohl M. , Prado R. R. , Pueschel E. , Quinn J. , Ragan K. , Reynolds P. T. , Ribeiro D. , Roache E. , Ryan J. L. , Santander M. , Sembroski G. H. , Shang R. , Weinstein A. , Williams D. A. , Williamson T. J. ,   (VERITAS Collaboration), Bartos I. , Corley K. R. , Márka S. , Márka Z. , Veske D. ,   (Columbia Experimental Gravity Group (GECo))
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The recent discovery of electromagnetic signals in coincidence with neutron-star mergers has solidified the importance of multimessenger campaigns in studying the most energetic astrophysical events. Pioneering multimessenger observatories, such as LIGO/Virgo and IceCube, record many candidate signals below the detection significance threshold. These sub-threshold event candidates are promising targets for multimessenger studies, as the information provided by them may, when combined with contemporaneous gamma-ray observations, lead to significant detections. Here we describe a new method that uses such candidates to search for transient events using archival very-high-energy gamma-ray data from imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs). We demonstrate the application of this method to sub-threshold binary neutron star (BNS) merger candidates identified in Advanced LIGO’s first observing run. We identify eight hours of archival VERITAS observations coincident with seven BNS merger candidates and search them for TeV emission. No gamma-ray emission is detected; we calculate upper limits on the integral flux and compare them to a short gamma-ray burst model. We anticipate this search method to serve as a starting point for IACT searches with future LIGO/Virgo data releases as well as in other sub-threshold studies for multimessenger transients, such as IceCube neutrinos. Furthermore, it can be deployed immediately with other current-generation IACTs, and has the potential for real-time use that places a minimal burden on experimental operations. Lastly, this method may serve as a pilot for studies with the Cherenkov Telescope Array, which has the potential to observe even larger fields of view in its divergent pointing mode.
Ionized Gas Outflows in Low-excitation Radio Galaxies Are Radiation Driven
Authors: Singha M. , O’Dea C. P. , Gordon Y. A. , Lawlor-Forsyth C. , Baum S. A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Low-excitation radio galaxies (LERGs) are weakly accreting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) believed to be fueled by radiatively inefficient accretion processes. Despite this, recent works have shown evidence for ionized and neutral hydrogen gas outflows in these galaxies. To investigate the potential drivers of such outflows, we select a sample of 802 LERGs using the Best & Heckman (2012) catalog of radio galaxies. By modeling the [O iii] λ5007 profile in Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectra of a sample of 802 LERGs, we determine that the ionized outflows are present in ∼1.5% of the population. Using 1.4 GHz imaging from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty Centimeters survey we analyze the radio morphology of LERGs with outflows and find these to be consistent with the parent LERG population. However, we note that unlike the majority of the LERG population, those LERGs showing outflows have Eddington-scaled accretion rates close to 1%. This is indicative that ionized outflows in LERGs are driven by the radiation pressure from the accretion disk of the AGN rather than the radio jets. We report specific star formation rates in the range of 10−12 < sSFR < 10−9 yr−1. Moreover, we observe higher mass outflow rates, 7–150 M
☉ yr−1, for these LERGs than luminous quasars for a given bolometric luminosity, which could possibly be due to the radio source in LERGs boosting the mass loading. This scenario could indicate that these outflows could potentially drive feedback in LERGs.