bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D arc-shaped structure design of compression-twist coupling metamaterial
Authors: Chen Xuan , Li Liuyang , Wang Haibing , Huang Shuping , Feng Miaolin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Compression-twist coupling (CTC) metamaterials are special mechanical metamaterials that convert axial force into circumferential force. Based on the dislocated re-entrant structure, a novel structure with line-shaped polyline rods is proposed to achieve the CTC effect. To reduce the stress concentration, a corresponding arc-shaped CTC structure is further designed, which is the focus structure of our study. The influence of the geometrical parameters of the arc-shaped structures on the CTC effect is explored through energy-based theoretical analysis, finite element simulation, and validation experiments. Finally, the CTC effects of extended single-side arc-shaped and multi-arc design structures are discussed. Compared with previous designs, the novel structure proposed in this work enhances the design flexibility and achieves a significant CTC effect, which can serve as a reference for the design of new CTC metamaterials.
Explicit and implicit quantum correlation dynamics of qubits interacting with thermal baths
Authors: Zahia Ahmed A , Abd-Rabbou M Y , Megahed Ahmed M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the dynamics of quantum correlations, specifically entanglement, steering, and Local Quantum Uncertainty (LQU), in a bipartite qubit system coupled to independent, isolated circular spin-star baths. Contrary to intuition, we demonstrate that substantial quantum correlations can persist even in the absence of direct bath-bath interactions. Our findings reveal that the symmetry of the system and initial atomic populations are critical factors in facilitating robust steering and strong quantum correlations. We further show that increasing the internal bath coupling can enhance the quantum correlations between the baths regardless of indirect interaction. Conversely, increasing the internal bath coupling and bath-qubit coupling can weaken the quantum correlations between the central qubits. Interestingly, indirect coupling between the baths, mediated by the qubits, can lead to robust entanglement and steering. The LQU provides deeper insights into the interplay between uncertainty and correlation. The initial conditions minimize uncertainty and maximize correlations, while imbalances result in increased LQU. These results have profound implications for quantum information processing and control, offering potential strategies for optimizing quantum device performance and protocol design.
Ion acoustic solitons and periodic waves with dynamical features around the supercritical values in relativistic unmagnetized plasmas
Authors: Rahman Md Obaidur , Hafez M G , Barua Sagar , Kauser M A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study examines the nonlinear propagation and dynamic behavior of ion acoustic (IA) waves in unmagnetized relativistic plasmas (UMRP), consisting of relativistic warm ion fluids and Cairns-distributed inertialess electrons and positrons. Using the well-established reductive perturbation method, the quartic Korteweg–de Vries equation (KdVE) is derived with the existence of super-critical value to investigate the dynamical features and propagation characteristics of IA waves in such plasmas. Additionally, a traveling wave transformation is applied to develop a planar dynamical system, and its phase portrait is analyzed to gain insights into the nonlinear wave behavior. The impact of plasma parameters on the propagation and dynamic characteristics of IA waves is also explored. The findings reveal that plasma parameters have a substantial effect on the propagation properties of IA waves and their associated electric fields, particularly when the Lorentz relativistic factor (LRF) is expanded up to 20 terms, as opposed to the conventional two or three terms It is also observed that minor variations in any parameter can profoundly influence the bifurcation features and nonlinear propagation dynamics of IA wave at the super-critical value. These findings could contribute to a better understanding of solitary wave dynamics in astrophysical environments such as magnetospheres, neutron stars, dark matter halos, and white dwarfs, etc.
Fractional Bateman equations in the Atangana-Baleanu sense
Authors: Jornet Marc 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Considering experimental evidence of fractional behavior for alpha-type radioactive decay, this paper is placed in the context of the fractional Bateman equations with several memory orders. Recent papers studied these equations for Caputo/Riemann-Liouville fractional calculus and suggested the investigation of alternative fractional operators. We focus on the Atangana-Baleanu (AB) formulae, specifically on the associated Volterra integral equations to preserve mass balance. On the one hand, we deal with the associated mathematics of the Bateman model: we solve it in terms of multivariate Mittag-Leffler functions, by means of the Mikusiński operational method, which is more general than the Laplace-transform technique. On the other hand, we address the physical implications of the AB calculus, discussing relevant issues and deficiencies that indicate alternative lines of research.
A particle's perspective on screening mechanisms
Authors: Sevillano Muñoz Sergio 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Screening mechanisms are a natural method for suppressing long-range forces in scalar-tensor theories as they link the local background density to their strength. Focusing on Brans-Dicke theories, those including a non-minimal coupling between a scalar degree of freedom and the Ricci scalar, we study the origin of these screening mechanisms from a field theory perspective, considering the influence of the Standard Model on the mechanisms. Additionally, we further consider the role of scale symmetries on screening, demonstrating that only certain sectors, those obtaining their mass via the Higgs mechanism, contribute to screening the fifth forces. This may have significant implications for baryons, which obtain most of their mass from the gluon's binding energy. However, a definitive statement requires extending these calculations to bound states. We show that the non-minimally coupled field's interactions with the Higgs lead to an extensive region of the parameter space where screening mechanisms create spatially dependent fermion masses. We say that the field over-screens when this effect is more significant than the fifth forces suppressed by screening mechanisms, as we illustrate for the chameleon and symmetron models.
Understanding responses to multi-electrode epiretinal stimulation using a biophysical model
Authors: Vilkhu Ramandeep S , Vasireddy Praful K , Kish Kathleen E , Gogliettino Alex R , Lotlikar Amrith , Hottowy Pawel , Dabrowski Wladyslaw , Sher Alexander , Litke Alan M , Mitra Subhasish , Chichilnisky E J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective. Neural interfaces are designed to evoke specific patterns of electrical activity in populations of neurons by stimulating with many electrodes. However, currents passed simultaneously through multiple electrodes often combine nonlinearly to drive neural responses, making evoked responses difficult to predict and control. This response nonlinearity could arise from the interaction of many excitable sites in each cell, any of which can produce a spike. However, this multi-site activation hypothesis is difficult to verify experimentally. Approach. We developed a biophysical model to study retinal ganglion cell responses to multi-electrode stimulation and validated it using data collected from ex vivo preparations of the macaque retina using a microelectrode array (512 electrodes; 30 µm pitch; 10 µm diameter). Results. First, the model was validated by using it to reproduce essential empirical findings from single-electrode recording and stimulation, including recorded spike voltage waveforms at multiple locations and sigmoidal responses to injected current. Then, stimulation with two electrodes was modeled to test how the positioning of the electrodes relative to the cell affected the degree of response nonlinearity. Currents passed through pairs of electrodes positioned near the cell body or far from the axon (>40 µm) exhibited approximately linear summation in evoking spikes. Currents passed through pairs of electrodes close to the axon summed linearly when their locations along the axon were similar, and nonlinearly otherwise. Over a range of electrode placements, several distinct, localized spike initiation sites were observed, and the number of these sites covaried with the degree of response nonlinearity. Similar trends were observed for three-electrode stimuli. All of these trends in the simulation were consistent with experimental observations. Significance. These findings support the multi-site activation hypothesis for nonlinear activation of neurons, providing a biophysical interpretation of previous experimental results and potentially enabling more efficient use of multi-electrode stimuli in future neural implants.
Formulation and optimization study of nanodelivery system encapsulating guava wild leaf extract for potential anti-inflammatory properties
Authors: Nguyen Phuoc-Vinh , Nguyen Quang-Vinh , Nguyen Minh-Trung , Nguyen Bac V G , Thi Le Thanh-Thuy , Mac Huy-Hieu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) has long been used in folk medicine as a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation. Despite its potential, the application of this natural source remains limited because of its instability and poor permeability through biological barriers. Among different available strategies, niosomes, a surfactant-based nanovesicular system, may help maximize the application of this plant extract. Indeed, this nanosystem represents several advantages in drug delivery such as improved bioavailability, reduced toxicity, better drug stability, possible targeting and controlled release, biocompatability, and biodegradability. The aim of this study was to develop and optimize a formulation of a niosomal system for encapsulating guava leaf extract (GLs-N) for anti-inflammatory applications. The niosomes were fabricated using the ethanol injection method and optimized in terms of the surfactant, cholesterol, and GLs content using an experimental design model. The finalized niosomes were physicochemically characterized and tested for their encapsulation efficiency (EE), stability, permeability, and in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities in a zebrafish model. As a result, the optimized niosomes were of 167.9 ± 1.845 nm in size, with a PDI of 0.212 ± 0.005, negatively charged, and with an EE of 65.54%. Compared to free GLs, GLs-niosomes presented a significant increase in permeability and possessed good stability over 28 d at both 4 °C and 25 °C. Most importantly, in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory studies confirmed that the anti-inflammatory activity of GLs-niosomes was much stronger than that of free GLs, and 4.2 fold stronger than that of ibuprofen. Collectively, this study was successful in developing and optimizing a potent niosomal structure for an effective delivery of wild GL in the treatment of inflammation.
Preparation of biodegradable, antibacterial core-spun yarns with braided structures using QAS/PLA micro/nanocomposites
Authors: Xu Jun , Zhao Xingyu , Lei Zhenzhen , Jia Huimin , He Haolong , Gong Genghao , Wang Jing , Wang Tiegang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Medical antibacterial textiles play a vital role in tackling the issue of bacterial infection. Traditional surgical sutures face significant challenges due to wound infection caused by bacteria and breakage and scars caused by poor suture strength. Therefore, a new antibacterial and high-strength suture preparation strategy with wide clinical applicability was highly desired. In this study, a biodegradable quaternary ammonium salt (QAS)/polylactic acid (PLA) core-spun yarn with excellent antibacterial and mechanical properties was prepared by conjugated electrospinning technology combined with the braiding process. The antibacterial test results revealed the best overall performance of the PLA micro/nanofiber core-spun yarn with 0.3 wt% QAS antibacterial agent. The antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was 94.49% and 94.00%, respectively, which could effectively solve the problem of wound infection caused by bacteria. In addition, we used the diamond-braided structure to address the poor strength and fragility of the traditional suture strength. The braiding angle of 30° and 45° could effectively enhance the mechanical properties of the yarn, and the breaking strength was also in line with the industry standard. The study proposed that the degradable QAS/PLA micro/nanofiber core-spun yarn, due to its excellent antibacterial and mechanical properties, could find application in medical protection. This provided a new avenue for research into new antibacterial surgical sutures.
Injectable nanocomposite hydrogels with co-delivery of oxygen and anticancer drugs for higher cell viability of healthy cells than cancer cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions
Authors: Kehr Nermin Seda 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Injectable nanocomposite hydrogels (NC hydrogels) have the potential to be used for minimally invasive local drug delivery. In particular, pH-sensitive injectable NC hydrogels can be used in cancer treatment to deliver high doses of anticancer drugs to the target site in cancer tissue without damaging healthy tissue. Recent studies have shown that in addition to stimuli-responsive delivery of anticancer drugs to cancer cells, oxygen delivery to the hypoxic environment of cancer tissue can lead to advanced effects, as hypoxia and an acidic pH are common characteristics of cancer tissue. However, few studies have investigated the effects of simultaneous administration of oxygen (O2) and pH-dependent anticancer drugs via injectable NC hydrogels on the viability of healthy and cancer cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In this context, we describe the synthesis of injectable NC hydrogels composed of pH-responsive nanomaterials carrying oxygen and anticancer drugs. Our system provides sustained O2 release and pH-responsive sustained release of anticancer drugs for 15 and 30 d, respectively. Moreover, O2 delivery and/or simultaneous delivery of O2 and anticancer drug resulted in higher cell survival of healthy fibroblast cells than malignant Colo-818 cells under hypoxic conditions (1% O2) after 7 d of incubation.
High-purity amorphous silica from industrial filter cake waste: synthesis and process optimization
Authors: Negash Ermias Abebe , Brehane Tesfamariam Belay , Mengesha Getinet Asrat , Shasho Yonas , Mekuriya Yeabsira Sisay , Beyene Sena Tadesse 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The globally increasing concern over industrial byproducts highlights the need for sustainable waste management solutions. Repurposing such byproducts offers a promising approach to sustaining development. This study focuses on the extraction of silica from filter cake waste (FCW). Amorphous silica was successfully synthesized through sol–gel method using acetic acid as the precipitation agent. XRD and SEM analyses were used to confirm the crystal structure of silica to be amorphous, while FTIR studies identified characteristic Si−O−Si bonds, indicating high purity of the extract. The silica purity was further validated by EDS analysis to be about 98.98%. Optimization of the extraction process was carried through variation of parameters such as NaOH concentration, temperature, and stirring time, resulting in a maximum yield of 54%.
A variational network for biomedical images denoising using bayesian model and auto-encoder
Authors: Tchagna Kouanou Aurelle , Karambal Issa , Gaba Yae , Tchapga Tchito Christian , Dikande Simo Alain Marcel , Alla Takam Clemence , Tchiotsop Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Objective. Auto-encoders have demonstrated outstanding performance in computer vision tasks such as biomedical imaging, including classification, segmentation, and denoising. Many of the current techniques for image denoising in biomedical applications involve training an autoencoder or convolutional neural network (CNN) using pairs of clean and noisy images. However, these approaches are not realistic because the autoencoder or CNN is trained on known noise and does not generalize well to new noisy distributions. This paper proposes a novel approach for biomedical image denoising using a variational network based on a Bayesian model and deep learning. Method. In this study, we aim to denoise biomedical images using a Bayesian approach. In our dataset, each image exhibited a same noise distribution. To achieve this, we first estimate the noise distribution based on Bayesian probability by calculating the posterior distributions, and then proceed with denoising. A loss function that combines the Bayesian prior and autoencoder objectives is used to train the variational network. The proposed method was tested on CT-Scan biomedical image datasets and compared with state-of-the-art denoising techniques. Results. The experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms the existing methods in terms of denoising accuracy, visual quality, and computational efficiency. For instance, we obtained a PSNR of 39.18 dB and an SSIM of 0.9941 with noise intensity α = 10. Our approach can potentially improve the accuracy and reliability of biomedical image analysis, which can have significant implications for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Conclusion. The proposed method combines the advantages of both Bayesian modeling and variational network to effectively denoise biomedical images.
High gain boost DC-DC converters with minimized switch stress for renewable energy applications
Authors: Swadi Mahmood , Hamza Ali Yaqoub , Salem Mohamed , Mohamed Faisal A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a new series of non-isolated boost DC-DC converters, showcasing a novel high step-up switching cell integrated into a basic boost converter to form a new transformerless converter design. The primary focus is on achieving significant voltage gains with moderate duty cycles while minimizing the stress on semiconductor devices. Comprehensive comparative analyses underline the new converter’s advantages over existing models regarding voltage and current stresses, component count, and performance metrics. Additionally, the converter’s design simplifies transistor driving by utilizing a single switch, enhancing operational ease. Detailed theoretical explanations are provided for continuous conduction mode (CCM), discontinuous mode (DCM), and boundary condition mode (BCM), including equations for voltages and currents. The proposed converter’s effectiveness is examined through simulation and experimental validation. A 260-watt PV panel supplied by the proposed converter prototype demonstrates the converter’s impressive boosting capability and high efficiency across 0.5 a duty cycle with a constant input voltage, providing solid proof of concept for the proposed designs. These findings promise substantial advancements in designing and applying high-gain boost converters in various electronic, industrial, and renewable energy applications.
Blood banking services in critical access hospitals in Kansas: A laboratory perspective
Authors: Nuñez-Argote Letycia , Corns Alexandra , Moser Robert 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the resource capacity for blood banking in critical access hospitals (CAHs) in Kansas and the experiences of medical laboratory personnel working in them.

Methods
An electronic survey was implemented to record data from all 82 CAHs in Kansas between May and July 2023. The distance between hospitals with no blood bank services and commercial blood banks was calculated.

Results
Only 63.4% of Kansas CAHs located in nonmetropolitan counties reported access to 24/7 blood bank services. In 12.2% of laboratories with 5 or fewer workers, there were no staff proficient in blood bank testing. While 72% of laboratories could perform type and screen and crossmatching, many lacked antibody identification capacity. Only 2 hospitals had the capacity to transfuse packed red blood cells, plasma, and platelets simultaneously if needed, with 20.6% of nonmetropolitan hospitals holding no blood products in inventory.

Conclusions
The blood banking capacity of CAHs in Kansas is influenced by the lack of workforce availability and training, reduced availability of blood products, and distance from facilities where blood is processed. Solutions tailored to the unique rural environment are needed to ensure adequate access to blood for patients.
QOMIC: quantum optimization for motif identification
Authors: Ngo Hoang M , Khatib Tamim , Thai My T , Kahveci Tamer 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Network motif identification (MI) problem aims to find topological patterns in biological networks. Identifying disjoint motifs is a computationally challenging problem using classical computers. Quantum computers enable solving high complexity problems which do not scale using classical computers. In this article, we develop the first quantum solution, called QOMIC (Quantum Optimization for Motif IdentifiCation), to the MI problem. QOMIC transforms the MI problem using a integer model, which serves as the foundation to develop our quantum solution. We develop and implement the quantum circuit to find motif locations in the given network using this model.

Results
Our experiments demonstrate that QOMIC outperforms the existing solutions developed for the classical computer, in term of motif counts. We also observe that QOMIC can efficiently find motifs in human regulatory networks associated with five neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Motor Neurone Disease.

Availability and implementation
Our implementation can be found in https://github.com/ngominhhoang/Quantum-Motif-Identification.git.