bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADDRESSING STRESS AMONG CAREGIVERS OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA (PLWD) WITH BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS
Authors: Vranceanu Ana-Maria , Santiago Natalia Giraldo , O’Donnel Arden , Ritchie Christine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Current stress management interventions for caregivers of PLWD are primarily focused on providing support or education targeting general caregiver stress. Here we showcase the development and refinement of MASC, a theoretically informed program that integrates emotional regulation skills (mindfulness, compassion and self-compassion) with practical strategies to manage stress from challenging behavioral symptoms in PLWD. First, we report on a mixed methods study (N=24 caregivers who endorse stress from PLWD’s behavioral symptoms; NIH stage 1A). Qualitative analyses provided a nuanced understanding of caregiver stress, highlighted the need for MASC, and showcased opportunities for tailoring of skills, program format and content. Quantitative analyses supported the need for the program and our theoretically informed conceptual model. Next, we report on an open pilot with exit interviews (N=10 caregivers; 2 groups; NIH stage 1A). MASC was feasible and acceptable (89% of eligible caregivers agreed to participate; 92% attended &gt; 4/6 sessions; 70% reported at least moderate program satisfaction). Across the entire sample participation in MASC was associated with improvement in outcomes (stress, depression, and quality of life; ES=.3-.6) and mechanisms (self-compassion, compassion, and mindfulness; ES=.2-.7). Change in mechanisms was associated with change in outcomes, consistent with our conceptual model. Exit interviews supported the quantitative findings and provided recommendations for refinement and improvement. An NIH stage 1B pilot RCT of the refined MASC and protocol is ongoing. Integration of the Science of Behavior Change with the NIH stage model throughout this work will be detailed.
INTRODUCING “X-VERSITY” THEORY: EXPERIENTIAL DIVERSITY IN DAILY LIFE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTHY AGING
Authors: Koffer Rachel , Lee Soomi , Drewelies Johanna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lifespan developmental theories highlight that aging is characterized by gains and losses across different domains (e.g., social, emotional, physical, cognitive). Such gains and losses translate into aging-related change in experiences across various facets of daily life. However, much of present theory and empirical evidence has focused on overall quantity of experiences (e.g., total number of social activities) rather than how such experiences are spread across different types (e.g., whether a person spends relatively more of their time in one social activity compared to other activities). This presentation introduces the X-versity theory, in which we propose that experiential diversity (X-versity), conceptualized as rich and balanced experiences, is an important component of healthy and resilient aging. We present a conceptual framework that demonstrates the theoretical underpinnings associating person-environment interactions with differences in X-versity, and links X-versity with aging-related outcomes. Empirical evidence representing scientific advances in this field is then presented, particularly within the domains of activity, stressor, and emotion diversity. The empirical evidence will be used to demonstrate associations within the conceptual framework, and how diversity of experiences declines with age. We further provide methodological (e.g., quantification, measurement, timescales), theoretical (e.g., moderators, cross-domain considerations, contexts of ontogenetic and sociohistorical change processes) considerations for future studies of experiential diversity beyond the daily domains. X-versity theory provides a theoretical leap in lifespan socioemotional aging, taking advantage of rich categorical data measured in many studies of daily life, and allowing for more nuanced consideration of the role of diverse experiences for healthy aging.
ENHANCING HOME-BASED CARE WITH ASSISTIVE ROBOTS: ACCEPTANCE AND PREFERENCES OF OLDER CHINESE
Authors: Wang Yilin , Chen Hongxiu , Hu Xiuying , Qi Yan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to assess the acceptance and preferences of the older Chinese towards assistive robots, focusing on their potential to aid in mobility, provide emergency response, and monitor daily activities. A structured survey questionnaire was distributed to evaluate their difficulties in daily activities, the use and expenditure on current eldercare assistive devices, and their interest in and concerns regarding assistive robots. Among 109 who responded, 85 were valid. More than half were over age 75, including those aged between 75 and 84 years old (37.7%) and those aged 85 and above (30.6%). Participants reported a strong interest in assistive robots with mobility aid, emergency response, and daily activity monitoring. As most of the care is provided at home (96.5%), significant difficulties were reported in activities such as stair navigation (67.1%), outdoor transportation (63.5%), bathing (55.3%), and toileting (47.1%). Canes (69.4%) and wheelchairs (60%) were the most used eldercare assistive devices, with expenditures mostly below 5,000 Chinese RMB (50.7%). Safety (81.2%) and ease of use (61.2%) were the primary considerations. Approximately 60% of respondents prioritized mobility assistance, while around 40% valued the ability of robots to provide companionship. Despite the interest in assistive robots, concerns over cost and the need for user-friendly interfaces were highlighted as potential barriers to adoption. The study underscores the potential of assistive robots in elder care, particularly in enhancing mobility and ensuring safety. To facilitate wider adoption, it is crucial to ensure that these technologies are affordable and accessible.
RESEARCH ON AGING: THE INTERNATIONAL VIEW FROM THE EDITORS’ DESKS
Authors: Kim Kyungmin , Burr Jeffrey , Stokes Jeffrey , Peng Changmin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We review the scope, content, and focus of the peer-reviewed journal, Research on Aging (SAGE), publishing its 46th volume this year. We will discuss how scholarship produced from researchers around the globe has changed over the years. Data on submissions, acceptance rates, and the important role of an international editorial board will be presented. The review process will be described, along with suggestions on how to increase chances of success when submitting original research. Although Research on Aging is sometimes considered to focus primarily on social gerontology, the scope in recent years has widened considerably, with manuscripts in aging studies published from such fields as economics, psychology, demography, public health, and public policy, as well as from sociology, and social work, among others. One of several special issues forthcoming in the journal will be described to demonstrate the possibilities for international impact.
THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED GERONTOLOGY: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dobbs Debra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The mission of applied gerontology is to bridge science and practice to benefit the health and well-being of older people, their families, their communities, and other contexts. Journal of Applied Gerontology features original investigations or meta-analyses/systematic reviews with significant clinical, policy, and/or practice implications. This presentation will provide insights from Journal of Applied Gerontology and its commitment to publish and disseminate scholarship with international application. Following an overview of the growing internationalization of peer-reviewed submissions to Journal of Applied Gerontology on a variety of topics and from a range of perspectives, the presentation will highlight opportunities to apply gerontological scholarship to aging contexts worldwide. Concluding comments will examine how outlets for dissemination and authors themselves can better position their work to enhance their influence on aging in an international context.
SLEEP QUALITY AND DURATION AND RISK OF FALLS IN OLDER ADULT WOMEN: THE STUDY OF WOMEN’S HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION (SWAN)
Authors: Baker Jillian , Hood Michelle , Swanson Leslie , Kline Christopher , Ylitalo Kelly , Cauley Jane , Green Dr Robin , Karvonen-Gutierrez Carrie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
As the leading cause of injury in American older adults, falls can be consequential for function and mortality, but are preventable. Sleep may be a modifiable risk factor for falls. We hypothesized poorer sleep quality and shorter sleep duration would be associated with increased risk of falls and a greater number of falls.

Methods
The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation is a multi-ethnic, community-based longitudinal study of women followed through and beyond the menopausal transition. In 2010-2011, participants self-reported measures of sleep quality and duration. In 2015-2016, participants reported number of falls in the year prior. Adjusted models included demographic and socioeconomic factors, and health conditions.

Results
Women who reported frequent (5+ times/week) trouble falling asleep and frequent waking in the middle of the night in 2010-2011 had a 27% (RR=1.27, 95% CI=1.01,1.62) and 24% (RR=1.24, 95% CI=1.01,1.48) increased risk of a subsequent fall. Frequent trouble falling asleep and short sleep duration (&lt; 6 hours) were both associated with higher likelihood of recurrent falls (&gt;=3 falls vs. &lt;=1 fall) (OR=2.54, 95% CI=1.30,4.96; OR=1.80, 95% CI=1.07,3.05). Conclusions: Multiple indicators of poor sleep including trouble falling asleep, frequent waking, and short duration were associated with increased fall burden in older adult women. As falls pose a major risk factor for decline in health and mortality, promoting adequate, high-quality sleep may be an essential component in fall prevention.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT EXERCISE INTERVENTION MODALITIES ON BALANCE AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Chen Xiaodong , He Lingxiao , Fang Ya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Abstract Objective
To compare the effects of on-site team (OST) exercise and live-streamed home (LSH) exercise model on balance and physical function among community-dwelling older adults. Design, Setting, and Participants: A 24 week, randomized, controlled, assessor blinded trial was conducted from February 25, 2023 to November 30, 2023. Participants were 297 older adults aged 65 years and older from 11 communities across Xiamen, China.

Interventions
Participants were block randomized to OST and LSH groups with multimodal elastic band-based exercise offline and online (n=99), and a control group with no exercise intervention (n=99). Main outcome measures: The primary outcomes were Berg balance scale scores and the short physical performance battery (SPPB). Secondary outcomes were muscle mass, muscle strength (knee extension strength and grip strength), sleep quality, adherence, and adverse events.

Results
Among 297 randomized older adults (mean age, 71.8[SD, 5.5] years; 52.7% female), 280 (93.8%) completed the trial. Both intervention groups showed increase in Berg balance scale scores and SPPB scores relative to control (adjusted mean differences: OST group vs. control, 1.26 [95% CI, 0.74 to 1.79] and 3.76 [95% CI, 2.25 to 5.26]; P&lt; 0.001; LSH group vs. control: 1.00 [95% CI, 0.44 to 1.56] and 3.42 [95% CI, 1.83 to 5.02]; P&lt; 0.001; OST vs. LSH group, 0.261 [95% CI, -0.26 to 0.78] and 0.33 [95% CI, -1.11 to 1.78]; P=0.463 and 0.853). Similar results were seen in terms of muscle strength.

Conclusion
Live-streamed home exercise is an effective approach to improving balance and physical function among older adults.
PROMOTING AND LEVERAGING THE FULL POTENTIAL OF AN AGE-INCLUSIVE WORKFORCE
Authors: Terveer Katy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This session will focus on inspiring and informing the audience about how we can reimagine the way we work in order to benefit from the experience, skills, and wisdom of older workers. This session will elaborate on the Harvard Business Review article, “Redesigning Retirement: It’s time for a new deal between employers and older workers” written by the speaker (Katy Terveer) and her co-authors, Ken Dychtwald, PhD, and Bob Morison. We will explore the modern trends that are enabling longer workspans (i.e. the average number of years people spend in the workforce), such as the shift towards knowledge-based and service-based work and greater work flexibility. We will also explore the history of work and aging with an eye towards how ageism is holding us back in today’s workforce and what ageist myths we need to challenge. We will help aging advocates to understand and promote the benefits of increasing our workspans for individuals, employer organizations, and society. Finally, we will look at five key strategies that organizations can leverage to recruit and retain older workers as well as leverage the full potential of an age-inclusive workforce.
POLYGENIC RISK SCORE FOR DIABETES PREDICTS POSTOPERATIVE ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY
Authors: Leis Aleda , Mathis Michael , Smith Jennifer , Mukherjee Bhramar , Karvonen-Gutierrez Carrie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Large genetic studies often lack detailed phenotyping of complex conditions because doing so requires substantial resources and intensive testing. Given the high prevalence of these conditions, particularly among older adults, omission of such information may lead to biased results. This analysis examined the utility of a polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes (PRST2DM) versus phenotypic diabetes status in predicting postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). Data from 14,824 Michigan Genomics Initiative patients age ≥18 years who underwent non-cardiac, non-renal, non-urologic, and non-liver transplant surgical procedures were included. PRST2DM was generated using previously published weights (Mars 2020; pgscatalog.org); values were binned into deciles. AKI was defined using modified Kidney Disease–Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Logistic regression models of phenotypic T2DM status and the PRST2DM were evaluated; both models were adjusted for a common set of preoperative and intraoperative factors. AKI prevalence was 5.0% (n=737). The odds of AKI were 52% higher among those with phenotypic T2DM versus those without T2DM. Similarly, those in the highest PRST2DM decile had 43% higher odds of AKI compared to those in the lowest decile. Model area under the curve values were largely consistent between the phenotype and PRS models. These findings support the utility of the PRST2DM to serve as a suitable proxy for phenotypic T2DM when a granular phenotype is not available, is subject to information bias, or may not yet have occurred. Such a use is novel and may allow for more dynamic analyses of outcomes in genetic cohorts with limited phenotyping.
AFFORDABLE, ACCESSIBLE HEARING CARE AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: LESSONS FROM THE HEARS RCT
Authors: Nieman Carrie , Betz Joshua , Suen Jonathan , Trumbo Jami , Han Hae-Ra , Marrone Nicole , Lin Frank , Oh Esther 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hearing loss is highly prevalent and associated with adverse health outcomes but undertreated among individuals with cognitive impairment, particularly African Americans. The incorporation of community health worker (CHW)-partnered models may increase access and reduce disparities. The HEARS intervention is a hearing care intervention delivered by CHWs that provides a low-cost amplification device. This pre-specified subgroup analysis based within the HEARS randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to assess whether cognitive impairment modified the effect of the HEARS intervention among community-dwelling older adults. The analysis was stratified by cognitive status using the total Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score (□25: cognitive impairment; post hoc sensitivity analysis using □22). Among 149 randomized participants with MoCA data, 100 individuals were cognitively impaired (Mean adjusted MoCA: 21(SD 3.5; 52% African American; 70% low-income). At 3-months post-intervention, communication function significantly improved among individuals with cognitive impairment compared with control, with an estimated average treatment effect of -13.92 HHIE-S change (95% CI:-16.84,-10.86), comparable to those without cognitive impairment (-11.47; 95% CI:-18.04,-4.17). Post hoc sensitivity analysis using a □22 MoCA cut-off for cognitive impairment yielded similar findings. Among individuals with cognitive impairment, the HEARS intervention, compared with waitlist control, significantly improved communication function. The improvements were comparable to participants without cognitive impairment and similar in magnitude to improvements documented for older adults who received conventional hearing care. To the authors’ knowledge, this trial was the largest trial to date of a hearing care intervention in the U.S. of African American older adults and low-income older adults with cognitive impairment.
AGELESS HORIZONS: IMPACT OF AI, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND EPIGENETICS ON GERONTOLOGICAL SYNDROMES
Authors: Manini Todd , Kaufmann Christopher 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This interdisciplinary symposium will provide the audience an eclectic, contemporary view of gerontology syndromes. It brings together researchers in epidemiology, built environment to natural hazards, new epigenetic age measures, climate events, artificial intelligence (AI) and gerontological syndromes. In this symposium, the audience will learn about how the literature is using AI to study the 5 M’s of Geriatrics — Mind, Mobility, Medications, what Matters most and Multicomplexity. This topic is complemented by using new AI methods with Latent Dirichlet Allocation to analyze clinical notes to better estimate the frailty syndrome. Results from older adults undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement suggest a substantial improvement in identifying frail older adults compared to an electronic record approach only. Next, new hallmark measures of biological aging using epigenetic age are studied as a potential mechanism by which biopsychosocial factors could influencing pain and mobility in older adults. Lastly, there are significant adverse health outcomes due to environmental shocks of extreme weather and climate events. Older adults are known to have a greater health susceptibility to these events. However, the impact on health can happen in even deeper ways by modifying mobility after the acute effects have ceased. Mobility resilience signifies a capacity to adapt and maintain community interactions following environmental shocks. Results from hurricane Ian in 2022 suggest that neighborhoods with a higher density of older adults are less mobility resilient. Today’s advances in AI and access to unique data sources are on the horizon and will open new approaches to studying gerontological syndromes.
FUNCTIONING OUTCOMES AT OLDER WORKING AGES BY INCOME GROUPS: COMPARING THE US WITH 11 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Choi HwaJung , Jivraj Stephen , Fors Stefan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study extends prior research by examining physical and cognitive function for low vs. high-income working-age adults (55-64 years) in the U.S. by comparing to 11 European countries. Using a pooled cross-sectional analysis, the study estimated differences in comparably measured outcomes of activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and word recall assessment, with adjustment for survey design aspects and sociodemographic characteristics. Income groups were determined based on the distribution within each country, year, and age. Overall, older working-age adults from the U.S. were significantly more likely to have difficulty with ADLs and IADLs compared to all European countries examined in the study, with the exception of having a similar outcome with England for having difficulty with ADLs. In particular, the adjusted prevalence of ADL limitation from the lowest income group (bottom 20%) was 30% in the U.S. vs. 4%-13% in 10 European countries. Those from the highest income group (top 20%) in the U.S. had a similar risk of having difficulty with ADLs to most countries examined in the study but had a greater risk of having difficulty with IADLs compared to the majority of the countries in the study. Word recall scores from the lowest income group were poorer in the U.S. compared to many European countries, while those from the highest income group performed better in the U.S. Targeting the poorest in the U.S. at risk of disability through intervention should be a priority.
ADHD GENETIC BURDEN ASSOCIATES WITH COGNITIVE DECLINE AND ALZHEIMER DISEASE MARKERS IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Arpawong Thalida Em , Kim Jung Ki , Crimmins Eileen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with greater risk for Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD). Genetic liability for ADHD, via a well-characterized polygenic score, has shown associations with cognitive decline and AD neurodegenerative markers, but these associations have not been tested in large and diverse samples of older adults. Using data from a population-based Health and Retirement Study, we used linear mixed-effects regression to test associations between an ADHD polygenic score (ADHD-PGS) and longitudinal trajectories of cognitive decline over 12 years among 12,090 White and 3,100 Black adults aged 51 and over. We used linear regression to test the associations between the ADHD-PGS and AD markers, p-tau181 and Abeta 42:40 ratio, among a subset who provided a blood sample (2,361 White and 537 Black older adults). All models were run separately by ethnicity, and controlled for age, sex, APOE4 carrier status, and ancestry principal components. The ADHD-PGS was associated with cognitive decline among White (p&lt; 2e-16) and Black (p=.008) older adults. The ADHD-PGS was associated with p-tau181 (p=0.045) and the Abeta ratio (p=0.039) among White, but not Black older adults (p’s=ns). The ADHD-PGS, which represents the continuum of genetic liability for ADHD-related traits in the population, shows associations with faster cognitive decline over 12 years among a diverse set of older adults. The ADHD-PGS shows statistically significant associations with two neurodegenerative markers among White older adults, but not among a smaller sample of Black older adults, although effect sizes for p-tau were similar across groups.