bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Aspect of Studying the Business Tourism Terms
Authors: Kizi Gavharoy Isroiljon 
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the issues of understanding the terms of business tourism in lexical cognition, the largest type of cognitive linguistics, and their cognitive analysis. The cognitive aspect of understanding the terms of business tourism and complete exploration the field, the cognitive study of business tourism terms from the world experience is also an important step in the development of the industry and models of tourism language and language learning are presented. Understanding the term of business tourism, when knowledge is interpreted as a cultural phenomenon, refers to the extent which this form of knowledge conforms to the norms inherent in the culture of a particular social group. The author analyzes the theory of social comparative advantages in business tourism in England, the theories of outstanding western sociologists for the tourism analysis as social phenomenon. In this article the author analyzed the theory of social comparative advantages in business tourism in England, learning the theories of outstanding western sociologists for the tourism analysis as social phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of study about the strategic importance of business tourism in the Southern Region of Uzbekistan (territory encompassing the cities of Andizhan and Honobod), where the presence of a qualified and diverse tourism offer combined with the existence of varied venues and quality accommodation can contribute to provide a valued tourism experience associated with the meetings Industry. This study allows a reflection on the potential of business tourism in the territories where this sector is not always given due attention by local, regional and national tourism bodies. These smaller centers (compared with the main centers of Tashkent, Bukhara, Khiva and Samarqand), relatively close to each other, may find strategic advantages in joint action, considering that these three geographic areas complement each other in the integrated supply of tourism products, experiences, support services and facilities. Primary data was collected through a study with the aim of identifying regional tourism stakeholders' perceptions of the importance and potential of business tourism development and strategies that should be put in place to this end. The results show that stakeholders identify business tourism as a strategic product that should be developed, and indicate some development strategies to be considered in this territory.
A Pilot Study on Controlling Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Inflammation Using Melatonin Supplement
Authors: Alizadeh Zahra , Keyhanian Nastaran , Ghaderkhani Sara , Dashti-Khavidaki Simin , Shokouhi Shoormasti Raheleh , Pourpak Zahra 
Published: August 2021

No effective antiviral drugs and vaccines are available for the treatment of patients with severe coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, available, safe, and inexpensive drugs and supplements such as melatonin are among the proposed options for controlling inflammation.
We did a randomized, single-blind study in Imam Khomeini Hospital between June 30, 2020, and August 5, 2020. Mild to moderate COVID-19 patients aged 25-65 years were eligible to enter the study based on chest CT scan, clinical symptoms, and physician diagnosis. The intervention group was prescribed 6 mg of oral melatonin for 2 weeks, which consumed half an hour before bedtime every night in low light conditions. Clinical symptoms and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured before and after treatment in the melatonin received and control (regular medications) groups. Among screened patients with COVID-19, 14 patients were assigned to receive melatonin, and 17 patients were considered as controls.
A significant difference (p=0.005) between CRP 1 and CRP 2 levels (before and after using melatonin) was found in the melatonin group while this difference (p=0.069) was not significant in the control group. Also, the percentage of recovery (based on symptoms) in patients who took melatonin was higher than that of patients in the control group (85.7% VS 47.1%).
The result of this study confirmed the effectiveness of melatonin in mild to moderate outpatients with COVID-19. More clinical trials on elderly, diabetic, obese patients and severe cases are suggested in future studies.
Intervenções psicológicas no processo de aposentadoria: revisão integrativa da literatura brasileira
Authors: Cunha Natalí Andrade da , Scorsolini-Comin Fabio , Marin Raquel Cornélio 
Published: August 2021

Introdução: A aposentadoria representa uma fase de transição, com importantes repercussões para a vida do indivíduo em suas diferentes dimensões, como carreira, saúde, família e socialização. As intervenções psicológicas pré e pós-aposentadoria objetivam contribuir nessa transição, promovendo bem-estar, adaptação e maior qualidade de vida no enfrentamento das mudanças inerentes a essa etapa desenvolvimental. Objetivo: Este estudo de revisão integrativa teve por objetivo conhecer o panorama das intervenções psicológicas utilizadas nos processos de pré e pós-aposentadoria no Brasil. Método: A questão norteadora foi: qual o perfil das intervenções psicológicas no contexto da aposentadoria em termos de características, resultados e recomendações no Brasil? A partir das bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, PePSIC e PsycINFO, foram realizadas buscas no período de 2002 a 2017. Resultados e Discussões: Foram recuperados dez artigos, sendo cinco empíricos e cinco teóricos. A maioria tem o objetivo de descrever a importância dos programas de preparação para a aposentadoria (PPA). As intervenções atingiram mais o público feminino e buscaram promover o bem-estar a partir da exploração das perdas, dos ganhos e das mudanças ocorridas nessa fase. Conclusão: Recomenda-se a participação de psicólogos nesses programas, bem como a avaliação longitudinal das propostas existentes, buscando seu aperfeiçoamento constante.
ANALISIS PROKSIMAT DAN FITOKIMIA BUAH PEDADA (Sonneratia ovata Back.)
Authors: Astuti Maria Dewi , Wulandari Mahrita , Rosyidah Kholifatu , Nurmasari Radna 
Published: August 2021

Analisis proksimat dan fitokimia buah pedada (Sonneratia ovata Back.) telah dilakukan. Analisis proksimat meliputi penetapan kadar air, abu, protein, lemak dan karbohidrat. Analisis fitokimia meliputi skrining fitokimia dan penetapan kadar saponin dan flavonoid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan buah pedada memiliki kadar air 64,28%, abu 1,04%, lemak 1,80%, protein 9,33%, dan karbohidrat 2,19%. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan buah pedada mengandung flavonoid, saponin, karotenoid dan steroid. Kadar saponin sebesar 0,99% dan kadar flavonoid sebesar 23,077 mgEQ/g.
The Effectiveness of using Student Worksheets to Practice Science Process Skills on Hooke's Law Material
Authors: Syamsidar S , Khaeruddin Khaeruddin , Helmi Helmi 
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of guided inquiry-based physics worksheets in training students' science process skills. This case study was conducted at SMAN 4 Sidenreng Rappang with 28 respondents. Students use worksheets based on guided inquiry for four meetings in Hooke's law material. The worksheets were developed using the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, including expert validation. We obtained the expert analysis of student worksheets based on guided inquiry from two experts, namely 3.16 out of 4 Likert scales with a validity percentage of 78.89%. These results indicate that the student worksheets based on guided inquiry are appropriate. Also, the gain test is used to determine the effectiveness of this worksheet. The science process skills test score obtained an average N-gain of 0.69, and this value is included in the medium category. This is shown based on student responses which found that 28 respondents generally gave a positive reaction to guided inquiry-based physics worksheets. This means that students receive guided inquiry-based physics worksheets as an effective learning resource used in learning.
High arsenic levels increase activity rather than diversity or abundance of arsenic metabolism genes in paddy soils
Authors: Zhang Si-Yu , Xiao Xiao , Chen Song-Can , Zhu Yong-Guan , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Arsenic (As) metabolism genes are generally present in soils but their diversity, relative abundance, and transcriptional activity in response to different As concentrations remain unclear, limiting our understanding of the microbial activities that control the fate of an important environmental pollutant. To address this issue, we applied metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to paddy soils showing a gradient of As concentrations to investigate As resistance genes (ars) including arsR, acr3, arsB, arsC, arsM, arsI, arsP, and arsH as well as energy-generating As respiratory oxidation (aioA) and reduction (arrA) genes. Somewhat unexpectedly, the relative DNA abundances and diversity of ars, aioA, and arrA genes were not significantly different between low and high (~10 vs ~100 mg kg-1) As soils. By comparison to available metagenomes from other soils, geographic distance rather than As levels drove the different compositions of microbial communities. Arsenic significantly increased ars genes abundance only when its concentration was higher than 410 mg kg-1. In contrast, between low and high As soils, metatranscriptomics revealed a significant increase in transcription of ars and aioA genes, which are induced by arsenite, the dominant As species in paddy soils, but not arrA genes, which are induced by arsenate. These patterns appeared to be community-wide as opposed to taxon-specific. Collectively, our findings advance understanding of how microbes respond to high As levels and the diversity of As metabolism genes in paddy soils and indicated that future studies of As metabolism in soil, or other environments, should include the function (transcriptome) level. IMPORTANCEArsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid pervasively present in the environment. Microorganisms have evolved the capacity to metabolize As, and As metabolism genes are ubiquitously present in the environment even in the absence of high concentrations of As. However, these previous studies were carried out at the DNA level and thus, the activity of the As metabolism genes detected remains essentially speculative. Here, we show that the high As levels in paddy soils increased the transcriptional activity rather than the relative DNA abundance and diversity of As metabolism genes. These findings advance our understanding of how microbes respond to and cope with high As levels and have implications for better monitoring and managing an important toxic metalloid in agricultural soils and possibly other ecosystems.
Expression Profile Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells Induced by Serum From Kawasaki Disease: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Fan Xue , Li Meng , Xiao Min , Liu Cong , Xu Mingguo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) leads to coronary artery damage and the etiology of KD is unknown. The present study was designed to explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in KD serum-induced human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) by RNA-sequence (RNA-seq). Methods: HCAECs were stimulated with serum (15% (v/v)), which were collected from 20 healthy children and 20 KD patients, for 24 hours. DEGs were then detected and analyzed by RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis. Results: The expression of SMAD1, SMAD6, CD34, CXCL1, PITX2, and APLN was validated by qPCR. 102 genes, 59 up-regulated and 43 down-regulated genes, were significantly differentially expressed in KD groups. GO enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were enriched in cellular response to cytokines, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, and regulation of immune cells migration and chemotaxis. KEGG signaling pathway analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in cytokine−cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and TGF−β signaling pathway. Besides, the mRNA expression levels of SMAD1, SMAD6, CD34, CXCL1, and APLN in the KD group were signiﬁcantly up-regulated compared with the normal group, while PITX2 was significantly down-regulated. Conclusion: 102 DEGs in KD serum-induced HCAECs were identified, and six new targets may be closely associated with the pathogenesis of KD.
The abundance of mRNA transcripts of bacteroidetal polyethylene terephthalate (PET) esterase genes may indicate a role in marine plastic degradation
Authors: Zhang Hongli , Dierkes Robert , Pérez-García Pablo , Weigert Sebastian , Sternagel Stefanie , Hallam Steven , Schott Thomas , Juergens Klaus , Vollstedt Christel , Chibani Cynthia , Danso Dominik , Buchholz Patrick , Pleiss Jürgen , Almeida Alexandre , Hocker Birte , Schmitz Ruth , Chow Jennifer , Streit Wolfgang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is an important synthetic polymer accumulating in nature 2 and recent studies have identified microorganisms capable of degrading PET. While the majority of 3 known PET hydrolases originate from the Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, here we describe the 4 first functional PET-active enzymes from the Bacteroidetes phylum. Using a PETase-specific 5 Hidden-Markov-Model (HMM)-based search algorithm we identified two promiscuous and cold6 active esterases derived from Aequorivita sp. (PET27) and Chryseobacterium jeonii (PET30) acting 7 on PET foil and powder. Notably, one of the enzymes (PET30) was able to hydrolyze PET at 8 temperatures between 4° - 30°C with a similar turnover rate compared to the well-known Ideonella 9 sakaiensis enzyme (IsPETase). 10 PET27 and PET30 homologues were detected in metagenomes encompassing a wide range 11 of different global climate zones. Additional transcript abundance mapping of marine samples imply 12 that these promiscuous enzymes and source organisms may play a role in the long-term 13 degradation of microplastic particles and fibers.
Photosynthetic contribution and characteristics of cucumber stem and petiole
Authors: Sun Weike , Ma Ning , Huang Hongyu , Wei Jingwei , Ma Si , Liu Huan , Zhang Shi , Zhang Zhenxian , Sui Xiaolei , Li Xin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Photosynthesis of plant non-leaf blade green tissue has been studied in some plants, but the photosynthesis characteristics of stem and petiole are poorly understood. Cucurbitaceous plants are climbing plants, and have a large biomass of stem and petiole. Understanding the photosynthetic contribution of cucumber stem and petiole to growth and the underlying molecular mechanisms are important for the regulation of growth in cucumber production.
Results

Here, the photosynthetic capacity of cucumber stem and petiole were proved by 14CO2 uptake. The total carbon fixation of stem and petioles is around 4% to that of one leaf blade in cucumber seedling stage, while the proportion of carbon accumulated in stem and petioles redistributed to sink organs (root and growing point) is increased obviously under leaf less condition. Photosynthetic properties of cucumber stem and petiole were studied using a combination of electron microscopy, chlorophyll fluorescence imaging and isotope tracer to compare with leaf blade using two genotype of cucumber (dark green and light green stems). Compare with leaf blade, chlorophyll contents of cucumber stem and petiole are lower, and accompanying with lower chloroplast number, lower stoma number, but with higher thylakoid grana lamella number and larger stomata size. The total photosynthetic rate of stem and petiole is equivalent to 6 ~ 8% of one leaf blade, but the respiration rates were simiar in all the three tissues, which shown an almost 0 net photosynthetic rate in stems and petioles, and with lower non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Transcriptome analysis showed that compared with leaf blade, there are significantly different gene expressions in photosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, photosynthetic antenna proteins and carbon fixation in stem and petiole. Although with lower Rubisco expression level in stem and petiole, Rubisco and PEPC enzyme activities were both higher in stem and petiole than in leaf blade, suggesting the photosynthetic and respiratory mechanisms in stem and petiole are different from those in leaf blade.
Conclusions

In this study, we confirmed the photosynthetic contribution to growth of cucumber stem and petiole, and shown their similar photosynthetic pattern in tissue anatomy, molecular biology and physiology.
The Effect of Midwifery-led Counseling on Expectant Fathers’ Fear of Childbirth: A Smartphone- Based Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ghaffari Seyedeh Fatemeh , Elyasi Forouzan , Mousavinasab Seyed Nouraddin , Shahhosseini Zohreh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Fear of childbirth has been reported in 11-37% of expectant fathers. It has adverse consequences on both the father and his family. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of midwifery-led counseling on the fear of childbirth among expectant fathers.Methods: A two-armed parallel design randomized controlled trial was conducted from July to August 2020. Fifty expectant fathers with severe fear of childbirth at the 24th-27th weeks of gestation, who were covered by health centers affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, were assigned to intervention and control groups (allocation ratio1:1) using permuted block randomization. Participants assigned to the intervention group were engaged in six 60-90-minute sessions (twice a week) in the Skyroom platform. Measures were administered at recruitment, post-intervention, and one-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the change in fear of childbirth score between groups over time. Secondary outcomes were changes in the General Self-Efficacy score as well as changes in the frequency of the preferred type of delivery between groups over time.Results: Fifty expectant fathers with a mean (SD) age of 31.64 (3.33) years were randomized and 47 finished the trial. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the fear of childbirth score in the intervention group significantly decreased (β= - 11.84; 95% Confidence Interval: -21.90 to -1.78; P=0.021) compared to that of the control group. In terms of secondary outcomes, the intervention group showed a significant increase in General Self-Efficacy compared to the intervention group at one-month follow-up measurement (β= 1.43; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.28 to 2.58; P=0.014). However, the frequency of preferred delivery type was not significantly different between the intervention and control groups (P=0.139).Conclusions: Midwifery-led counseling can be an effective approach in reducing expectant fathers’ childbirth fear with potential clinical significance. Although the inconclusive results imply more research on this issue. Registration number: IRCT20150608022609N6. Registered 12/04/2019.
Machine learning of the mineralogical and chemical constituents’ influences on carbonation efficiency
Authors: Abidoye Luqman , Oladipo Habeebllah 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cheap and efficient computational tool is needed to understand the influences of rock’s mineralogical and chemical constituents on the mineral carbonation efficiency. This work employs machine learning technique to learn some subtle contributions of minerals and technical parameters to carbonation yields in earthly materials. After training different configurations of Artificial Neural Network models, statistical appraisal shows that ANN[17-4-1] possesses the best performance criteria. Using this best-performing network, it was found that carbonation efficiency becomes lower as the particle size increases with maximum effects of size change giving up to 88, 180 and 289% reductions in carbonation efficiency corresponding to 10, 20 and 30% particle size increases, respectively. The simulation further highlights that the effects of particle size on carbonation efficiency can be overcome or, at least, reduced, by prolonging the duration of the carbonation. The study shows that there is optimum level of increase in the calcium amount to yield increased carbonation efficiency, following which the marginal increase in % of calcium continue to result in decrease of efficiency. There is gradual rise in efficiency as the % of silica and iron increase in the minerals, with up to 1541 % rise in efficiency at 30% increase in iron content. This is connected to the relatively higher level of magnesium in the sample considered. It was found that the high temperature (> 100oC) combined with high pressure (> 10 bars) favours increased efficiency with rise in pH value. Similarly, low temperature (< 100oC) with low pressure (< 10 bars) increased efficiency with rise in pH value. On the contrary, low pressure with high temperature yields reverse trends in efficiency for increase in pH. Pressure, carbonation time and temperature, all have positive effects on carbonation efficiency. But, curiously, at very high original carbonation efficiency, e.g., above 50%, reverse trend was predicted by the ANN model for temperature rise. This may mean that at very high carbonation level, it is of no benefit to raise the temperature further, as this may lead to decarbonation or desorption of CO2 in the medium. This study is among the first set of publications, in the open literature, to utilize the concept of machine learning to predict and forecast the carbonation efficiency of rock materials based on mineralogical contents and experimental conditions.