bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic inequities in nurturing care for early childhood development across Brazilian municipalities
Authors: Buccini Gabriela , Coelho Kubo Stefanie Eugênia dos Anjos , Pedroso Jéssica , Bertoldo Juracy , Sironi Alberto , Barreto Marcos Ennes , Pérez‐Escamilla Rafael , Venancio Sonia Isoyama , Gubert Muriel Bauermann 
Published: July 2021

AbstractProviding an enabling nurturing care environment for early childhood development (ECD) that cuts across the five domains of the Nurturing Care Framework (i.e., good health, adequate nutrition, opportunities for early learning, security and safety and responsive caregiving) has become a global priority. Brazil is home to approximately 18.5 million children under 5 years of age, of which 13% are at risk of poor development due to socio‐economic inequalities. We explored whether the Early Childhood Friendly Municipal Index (IMAPI) can detect inequities in nurturing care ECD environments across the 5570 Brazilian municipalities. We examined the validity of the IMAPI scores and conducted descriptive analyses for assessing sociodemographic inequities by nurturing care domains and between and within regions. The strong correlations between school achievement (positive) and socially vulnerable children (negative) confirmed the IMAPI as a multidimensional nurturing care indicator. Low IMAPI scores were more frequent in the North (72.7%) and Northeast (63.3%) regions and in small (47.7%) and medium (43.3%) size municipalities. Conversely, high IMAPI scores were more frequent in the more prosperous South (52.9%) and Southeast (41.2%) regions and in metropolitan areas (41.2%). The security and safety domain had the lowest mean differences (MDs) among Brazilian regions (MD = 5) and population size (MD = 3). Between‐region analyses confirmed inequities between the North/Northeast and South/Southeast. The biggest within‐region inequity gaps were found in the Northeast (from −22 to 15) and the North (−21 to 19). The IMAPI distinguished the nurturing care ECD environments across Brazilian municipalities and can inform equitable and intersectoral multilevel decision making.
Poor dental health in British Army Infantry recruits reduces their quality of life: A cross‐sectional survey and retrospective analysis of health records
Authors: Edwards David , Ramsey Richard , Breeze Johno , Dermont Mark 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionOral Health‐Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) is a determinant of an individual's wellbeing and can be affected by dental disease. For military recruits, adverse OHRQoL may result in poor performance, and has safety implications. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of dental extractions and dental health of a sample of new Infantry recruits.MethodElectronic healthcare recordings of tooth extraction incidence were compared to recruits from the general military population. Clinical dental examinations and patient questionnaires were used to determine the prevalence and impact of caries using the PUFA (Pulp exposure, Ulceration, Fistula, Caries) criteria. The association between caries and PUFA lesions with self‐reported oral health behaviours and beliefs was explored.ResultsThe incidence of tooth extraction was 2.4 times higher in new Army Infantry recruits than recruits in the general UK military population. 211 recruits were assessed, with a 100% response rate. 135/211 (64%) had caries, and 37/21117.5% had a PUFA lesion at the time of inspection. Sleep loss was significantly more likely in those with PUFA lesions than those without (OR 5.62, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsThose military Infantry recruits with caries and PUFA lesions had worse OHRQoL than those that did not. This was evidenced by poorer sleeping patterns and an inability to perform tasks at work. Treatment of dental disease through extractions was higher in Army Infantry recruits and will likely reduce the number of days taken off sick, but its effect on overall OHRQoL cannot yet be substantiated.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome after caudal epidural steroid ınjection: A case report
Authors: Ertilav Esra , Akyol Ali , Aydin Osman Nuri 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundCaudal epidural injections are easy, effective, and safe methods and are good options for patients with low back pain and radicular lower extremity pain. Although various complications related to the technique of the procedure or the drugs used in the procedure have been described, Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) has not yet been defined for this intervention.CaseIn this case report, we describe a case of PRES, which we supported with MRI findings in our patient who developed convulsions, changes in consciousness, and vision loss after being administered with caudal epidural steroid, and whose imaging findings regressed with the regression of clinical symptoms during the treatment process.ConclusionAlthough PRES is rarely reported, it should be kept in mind that it is a complication that can develop after caudal epidural steroid injection.
Highly Efficient S‐g‐CN/Mo‐368 Catalyst for Synergistically NADH Regeneration Under Solar Light
Authors: Gupta Sarvesh Kumar , Gupta Abhishek Kumar , Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Singh Ajeet , Yadav Bal Chandra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSulfur‐doped graphitic carbon nitride (S‐g‐CN) has gained significant attention in recent years. Sulfur‐doped graphitic carbon nitride (S‐g‐CN) is a promising metal‐free photocatalyst because of its band orientation, natural abundance and groundwork. Improved photocatalytic activity of S‐g‐CN material for solar chemical production persists a hot yet challenging problem. Herein, we provide an adaptable method for the synthesis of S‐g‐CN nanocomposite decorated with the moiety of giant polyoxometalate (S‐g‐CN/Mo‐368) that subsequently showed highly efficient photocatalytic activity. The as‐synthesized S‐g‐CN/Mo‐368 as a recyclable artificial photocatalyst revealed excellent activity for solar chemical production, that is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) regeneration under visible light. The immobilized Mo‐368 on the S‐g‐CN surface increased the visible light adsorption capacity of the S‐g‐CN/Mo‐368 photocatalyst. The visible light absorption activity, morphology, element compositions, particle size and zeta potential of S‐g‐CN powder and S‐g‐CN/Mo‐368 were thoroughly investigated. From the application point of view, S‐g‐CN/Mo‐368 was applied to determine the solar chemical production (i.e. NADH regeneration) under visible light with a higher yield% of about ~ 94.85%.
First report of oospore formation in Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, in highland regions of southern Brazil
Authors: Bitencourt Camila , Pierre Patricia M. O. , Pinto Felipe A. M. F. , Fermino‐Junior Paulo C. P. , Gomes Beatriz R. , de Morais Andriele C. , Dias Jhennifer M. , Welter Leocir J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis work evaluates the formation of oospores of Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grape downy mildew (DM), in highland regions in southern Brazil. Leaves of susceptible and resistant grape genotypes naturally infected with the pathogen were collected in the autumn of 2017, 2018, and 2019 from vineyards located in the highlands of Santa Catarina state. Leaf tissues were evaluated by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Oospores of P. viticola were identified in both susceptible and resistant host genotypes. They were concentrated in the central regions of the DM lesions, close to the leaf veins, and exhibited a rounded shape, yellowish colour, thick wall, and a diameter ranging from 16.28 to 49.15 µm. The formation of oospores is strong evidence that sexual reproduction is occurring in P. viticola in the climatic conditions of the highlands of southern Brazil. Sexual reproduction contributes to the maximization of genetic diversity via meiosis. Populations with high genetic variability are more likely to break resistance mechanisms conferred by resistance genes and to develop resistance to fungicides applied for disease control. To our knowledge, this is the first scientific study to prove the formation of P. viticola oospores in Brazil. The results presented provide a solid basis for further studies on sexual recombination in P. viticola. Genetic improvement programmes for grapevines, disease management methods, and disease prediction models need to consider the sexual reproduction of this pathogen, otherwise their effectiveness may be compromised.
Controlled breathing and pain: Respiratory rate and inspiratory loading modulate cardiovascular autonomic responses, but not pain
Authors: Gholamrezaei Ali , Van Diest Ilse , Aziz Qasim , Vlaeyen Johan W. S. , Van Oudenhove Lukas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSlow, deep breathing (SDB) is a common pain self‐management technique. Stimulation of the arterial baroreceptors and vagal modulation are suggested, among others, as potential mechanisms underlying the hypoalgesic effects of SDB. We tested whether adding an inspiratory load to SDB, which results in a stronger baroreceptor stimulation and vagal modulation, enhances its hypoalgesic effects. Healthy volunteers performed SDB (controlled at 0.1 Hz) with and without an inspiratory threshold load. Controlled breathing (CB) at a normal frequency (0.23 Hz) was used as an active control. Each condition lasted 90 s, included an electrical pain stimulation on the hand, and was repeated four times in a randomized order. Pain intensity, self‐reported emotional responses (arousal, valence, dominance), and cardiovascular parameters (including vagally‐mediated heart rate variability) were measured per trial. A cover story was used to limit the potential effect of outcome expectancy. Pain intensity was slightly lower during SDB with load compared with normal‐frequency CB, but the effect was negligible (Cohens d < 0.2), and there was no other difference in pain intensity between the conditions. Heart rate variability was higher during SDB with/without load compared with normal‐frequency CB. Using load during SDB was associated with higher heart rate variability, but less favorable emotional responses. These findings do not support the role of baroreceptor stimulation or vagal modulation in the hypoalgesic effects of SDB. Other mechanisms, such as attentional modulation, warrant further investigation.
Effect of long‐term fertilization on soil microbial activities and metabolism in Paulownia plantations
Authors: Liu Sen , Li Peng , Gan Weixiang , Fu Yujia , Weng Yilin , Tu Jia , Lu Sheng , Wu Lichao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPaulownia is a well‐known, fast‐growing tree genus that is widely planted for commercial cultivation in the warm temperate zone of the North China Plain. Fertilization as a standard practice can efficiently increase wood production and tree yield in those Paulownia plantations, but how different fertilization measures might affect soil microbial activity, microbial biomass and metabolic functioning unclear, especially in the subtropics. To fill this knowledge gap, we initiated long‐term different fertilization experiments from afforestation, using a completely randomized block design consisting of a control, inorganic fertilizer, microelement‐inorganic fertilizer and organic–inorganic compound fertilizer (OIF) treatments in South China's subtropical zone. The results revealed fertilization significantly increased soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass, especially that of urease, invertase, acid phosphatase, as well as the microbial biomass in terms of carbon and nitrogen, all of which increased most significantly in soil under the OIF treatment. The carbon source utilization levels of five carbon substrates under the OIF treatment, namely D‐xylose, glucose‐1‐phosphate, D‐cellobiose, α‐ketobutyric acid and glycogen, were significantly higher than those of the others. From these data, we may reasonably infer that the application of organic fertilizer could offer an effective management practice for use in Paulownia plantations. The five carbon matrices may be the most efficient carbon sources for increasing the abundance of efficient soil microorganisms, improving soil fertility and achieving the sustainable development of Paulownia plantations.
Decolonizing pastoral care in the classroom: An invitation to a pedagogy of spirit experience
Authors: Yong Aizaiah G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhile recent attention has been given to the need to decolonize the field of pastoral theology and care by starting in the classroom, less attention has been given to consider what pedagogies might be helpful to sustain those who are pursuing that end. In this essay, I attempt to offer a new pedagogy for pastoral theology and care that is rooted in a commitment to pre‐theological spirituality and relational co‐creative care paradigms. This approach to pastoral theology and care is rooted in experiential knowledge and seeks to integrate the fields of spirituality with pastoral theology in hopes of fostering essential capacities needed for all who are seeking compassionate pastoral and spiritual care providers.
Educating clergy as culture‐builders: Can this long tradition be reclaimed?
Authors: Golemon Larry 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article draws implications from my recent study of the first 150 years of Clergy Education in America for Protestants, Catholics, Jews, African Americans and working class whites. I focus on the ability of these schools to prepare leaders for various arenas of public life: families, congregations, schools, voluntary associations, and publishing. The implications for today's seminaries include reframing historic pedagogies in the liberal arts, oratory, and debate; the formation of religious charisma and iconic leadership that are socially transmitted; the orientation of interpretive practices of sacred texts and traditions toward symbolic production; the reinvigoration of theologies that enrich faith communities and the public imagination; and reclaiming the missional nature of theological and rabbinical schools through public media, the arts, and populist pedagogies.
Outcomes after transperitoneal laparoscopic ureteronephrectomy for the treatment of primary renal neoplasia in seven dogs
Authors: Hart Edward , Singh Ameet , Thomson Christopher B. , Appleby Ryan , Richardson Danielle , Hocker Samuel , Bernard Sarah , Pinard Christopher 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the perioperative characteristics and outcomes in dogs that underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic ureteronephrectomy (TLU) for primary renal neoplasia.Study designShort case series.AnimalsSeven client‐owned dogs.MethodsMedical records were reviewed and data extracted regarding perioperative characteristics and animal outcomes. TLU was performed using a single‐port + 1 or multiple port techniques. Hemostatic clips or a vessel‐sealing device were used for occlusion of renal hilar vessels. The ureter was occluded and transected close to the ureterovesicular junction and the tumor was placed in a specimen retrieval bag for extraction from the abdomen.ResultsPreoperative contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) was performed in 6/7 dogs. Median estimated tumor volume measured from abdominal CECT removed by TLU was 32.42 cm3 (interquartile range [IQR] 14.76–94.85). Median surgery time for TLU was 90 minutes (IQR 85–105). In one dog, elective conversion to open laparotomy was performed due to large tumor size. Median time to discharge was 31 hours (IQR 24–48). No major perioperative complications occurred and all dogs survived to discharge. Progression free survival in four dogs was 422 days (IQR 119–784).ConclusionTLU was performed for the extirpation of modest sized primary renal tumors with acceptable perioperative outcomes and a low complication rate.Clinical relevanceTLU may be considered for the treatment of selected cases of primary renal neoplasia in dogs.
Bromelain‐based enzymatic debridement of chronic wounds: Results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shoham Yaron , Shapira Eyal , Haik Josef , Harats Moti , Egozi Dana , Robinson Dror , Kogan Leonid , Elkhatib Rania , Telek Geza , Shalom Avshalom 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChronic wounds are estimated to affect over 6 million people annually in the United States with an estimated annual cost of $25 billion. Debridement represents a key step in their management and is considered a basic necessity to induce the functional process of tissue repair. However, there is an unmet need for an efficient rapid acting non‐surgical debridement agent. Bromelain‐based enzymatic debridement has been proven to provide an effective, selective and safe non‐surgical debridement in deep burns. EscharEx (MediWound Ltd, Yavne, Israel), is a bromelain‐based enzymatic debridement agent currently in development for chronic wounds. The aim of this study was to assess its safety and efficacy in chronic wounds. Seventy‐three patients suffering from a lower extremity ulcer of diabetic/venous insufficiency/post‐surgical/traumatic aetiology were enrolled in a multicentre, assessor blinded, randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized to topical treatment by either EscharEx or its gel vehicle for up to 10 daily 4 hour applications, and then continued follow‐up for up to 6 months. The EscharEx arm achieved a significantly higher incidence of complete debridement compared to the gel vehicle arm; 55 versus 29% (p = .047), thus meeting the primary endpoint of this study. The EscharEx and gel vehicle arms achieved similar reductions in wound area, non‐viable tissue area and wound healing scores during the debridement period. There were no significant differences between the arms in the incidence of complete wound closure (41% in the EsxcharEx arm vs. 53% in the gel vehicle arm) and in the mean time to complete wound closure (70.0 ± 32.8 days in the EsxcharEx arm vs. 65.7 ± 38.4 days in gel vehicle arm). There were no significant safety issues and EscharEx demonstrated a favourable benefit to risk profile.
Diagrams in the mod p cohomology of Shimura curves
Authors: Dotto Andrea , Le Daniel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe prove a local–global compatibility result in the mod $p$ Langlands program for $\mathrm {GL}_2(\mathbf {Q}_{p^f})$. Namely, given a global residual representation $\bar {r}$ appearing in the mod $p$ cohomology of a Shimura curve that is sufficiently generic at $p$ and satisfies a Taylor–Wiles hypothesis, we prove that the diagram occurring in the corresponding Hecke eigenspace of mod $p$ completed cohomology is determined by the restrictions of $\bar {r}$ to decomposition groups at $p$. If these restrictions are moreover semisimple, we show that the $(\varphi ,\Gamma )$-modules attached to this diagram by Breuil give, under Fontaine's equivalence, the tensor inductions of the duals of the restrictions of $\bar {r}$ to decomposition groups at $p$.
Association between use of cardiovascular medicines and risk of mild cognitive function impairment and dementia amongst people living with cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Dai Yunyun , Huang Chongmei , Ding Jinfeng , Qin Xiwen 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to investigate the association between the use of cardiovascular medicines and the risk of mild cognitive function impairment and dementia in people with cardiovascular disease.

Introduction:
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most important modifiable factors for mild cognitive function impairment and dementia. The current evidence about the effectiveness of cardiovascular disease medicine on the risk of dementia is inconclusive; hence, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive investigation on the effect of cardiovascular disease medicine on the risk of mild cognitive function impairment and dementia.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will include studies involving participants (age ≥18 years) who were using cardiovascular medicine for hypertension, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, stroke, or heart failure. The eligible studies will include observational studies and randomized controlled trials.

Methods:
MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and PsycINFO (Ovid) will be searched from 2000 to the present. We will only include studies published in English. Titles, abstracts, and full texts will be screened by authors independently. The methodological quality of included studies will be assessed using the JBI critical appraisal checklist for observational studies and randomized controlled trials. The data to be extracted will include the basic study characteristics, populations, drug groups, clinical indicators, and outcomes. Studies will be pooled using statistical meta-analysis, where possible. Alternatively, the findings will be presented in narrative form where statistical pooling is not possible.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020175386
Comparison of volume guarantee and volume-controlled ventilation both using closed loop inspired oxygen in preterm infants: a randomised crossover study (CLIO-VG study)
Authors: Nair Vrinda , Lal Mithilesh Kumar , Gillone Jenna , Kannan Loganathan Prakash , Bachman Thomas Edward 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to compare two different modes of ventilation in maintaining oxygen saturation (SpO2) in target range (90%–95%) in ventilated preterm infants cared for with automatic control of oxygen delivery (A-FiO2).DesignA single-centre randomised crossover study.SettingsA level III neonatal intensive care unit.PatientsPreterm infants receiving mechanical ventilation and oxygen requirement >21%.InterventionsVolume guarantee (VG) vs volume controlled ventilation (VCV) modes with automatic oxygen control (A-FiO2).OutcomesThe primary outcome of this study was the proportion of time spent with oxygen saturations in the target range (90%–95%) .ResultsNineteen preterm infants with a median gestation age 25 weeks (IQR: 24–28) and birth weight 685 g (IQR: 595–980) were enrolled in the study. There was no significant difference in primary outcome of median proportion of time spent in target saturation between the two arms (72% (57–81) in VG vs 75% (58–83) in VCV; p=0.98). There was no significant difference in the secondary outcomes of time spent in SpO2 <80% (0.03% vs 0.14%; p=0.51), time spent in SpO2 >98% (0.50% vs 0.08%; p=0.54), the median FiO2 (31% vs 29%; p=0.51) or manual adjustments carried out between VG and VCV, respectively. The number of episodes of prolonged hypoxaemia and hyperoxaemia were similar in the two groups.ConclusionThere was no significant difference in time spent in target SpO2 range between VG and VCV when A-FiO2 was used as the FiO2 controller in this crossover randomised control study.Trial registration numberNCT03865069.