bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicine Packaging Legislation and Its Evolution According to Technological Innovation for Better Healthcare Support
Authors: Cazzaniga Simona 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIf directives, laws, and regulations play a fundamental role in constraining the pharmaceutical sector’s production, distribution and communication policies and practices, regulatory devices have also had and are also playing a role in incentivising innovation and orienting it towards socially and environmentally sustainable practices. The chapter builds a review of the principal regulations that, starting from the EU level, are raising awareness in the various countries of the community (here, the Italian case is analysed) towards the issues of the environment (e.g., reduction of the source of packaging materials and redesigning the pack by favouring the use of recyclable materials), traceability for anti-counterfeiting purposes; safety; and the ethics of medicine communication both in advertising and online. The regulatory review constitutes a starting point, deepened in other chapters, through the review of guidelines, recommendations, and soft law tools, to which those involved in design and innovation activities in the sector must refer.
Secondary Packaging of Medicines: Design Processes for the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Mariani Marcello 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe chapter presents the daily practices of a company producing pharmaceutical cartons and leaflets. It focuses on the complex design processes of these products that play a significant role for pharmaceutical companies. The contribution starts from the author’s personal experience within a company that produces secondary packaging and package leaflets for pharmaceutical products. In the chapter, the different phases of the decision-making process are presented, following both the technical and relational aspects. In addition to their description, which brings out the complexity of the relationships between companies, the chapter dwells on the issues of innovation and sustainability linked to the design of secondary packaging and package leaflets, which are indispensable today to remain competitive in the market. In this context, the role of new technologies is included, foreshadowing the possible impact on secondary packaging.
Jüdische Reflexionen zu Sprachentstehung und Kulturgenese
Authors: Hütig Andreas 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungSeit der Aufklärung spielen Theorien über den Ursprung der Sprache in kulturphilosophischen Debatten und anthropologischen Reflexionen eine wichtige Rolle. Sprachgenese, Sprachentwicklung und die verschiedenen Sprachen selbst werden teils explizit, teils implizit mit geistigen Ordnungen kombiniert, für kulturhistorische Wertungen benutzt und zur Sinnstiftung auf universalistische oder partikulare Weise eingesetzt – auch von jüdischen Denkern. Der Beitrag diskutiert spezifische Arten des Umgangs mit dem Thema bei Mendelssohn, Bendavid, Graetz, Steinthal, Cassirer und Flusser. – Beginning in the Enlightenment, theories on the origin of language play an important role in cultural philosophy and anthropological reflections. Partly explicitly, partly implicitly, the genesis and development of language as such and of different languages are combined with intellectual order, applied to evaluate cultural history and used in the determination of meaning, be it universalistic or particularistic – also by Jewish thinkers. The article discusses specific approaches to the topic by Mendelssohn, Bendavid, Graetz, Steinthal, Cassirer, and Flusser.
Deutungen der Mehrsprachigkeit
Authors: Braese Stephan 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungMehrsprachigkeit ist auch in jüdischem Sprachdenken vorwiegend als defizitärer, krisenhafter Zustand gedacht worden, der die Distanz der Menschen von der einen, immanenten, der ‚Ur-Sprache‘ bezeichnet. Tatsächlich jedoch bildete die Herausforderung der Übersetzung immer wieder einen Anlass, sowohl über den Sinn von Sprache als auch der Produktivität von Mehrsprachigkeit nachzudenken. Blicke auf die Arbeit von Mendelssohn, Benjamin, Adorno und anderen zeigen, wie der Mehrsprachigkeit zunehmend positive Aspekte abgewonnen wurden – bis zu George Steiner, der in ihr nichts Geringeres als die Existenzbedingung des Menschen zu erkennen meinte. – In Jewish reflexions on language, as in many others, multilinguality has been perceived as a deficient, problematic condition which marks the distance of human beings from a singular, immanent, from the ‘original’ language. Actually, however, the task of translation has often led to a rethinking of both the meaning of language and the productivity of multilinguality. A look at works by Mendelssohn, Benjamin, Adorno a. o. shows an increasing awareness of positive aspects connected with multilinguality; George Steiner even thought to recognize in multilinguality nothing less than the prerequisite for the existence of human beings.
Moderne Sprachphilosophie im Kontext von Judentum und Sprachmetaphysik
Authors: Berger Demian 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungWalter Benjamin und Ludwig Wittgenstein positionieren sich als Sprachtheoretiker unterschiedlich in der Landschaft deutschsprachig-jüdischer Sprachkulturen. Beide Ansätze richten sich gegen die traditionelle Metaphysik, erzeugen jedoch mittels sprachkritischer Verfahren eigene metaphysisch-theologische Inhalte. Ist Benjamins Sprachmetaphysik insgesamt als jüdisch konnotierte Sprachtheologie lesbar, lassen sich auch in Wittgensteins Sprachdenken, vor dem Hintergrund eines problematischen jüdischen Selbstverhältnisses, Momente eines säkularisierten Sprachmessianismus aufweisen. – As language theorists, Walter Benjamin and Ludwig Wittgenstein position themselves differently within the landscape of German-Jewish language cultures. Both approaches are directed against traditional metaphysics but generate their own metaphysical-theological content by means of language criticism. If Benjamin’s linguistic metaphysics can be understood as linguistic theology with Jewish connotations, one can show moments of secularized linguistic messianism in Wittgenstein’s linguistic thinking as well, despite his problematic Jewish ‘identity’.
Das deutschsprachige Judentum und die Czernowitzer Sprachkonferenz
Authors: Reichert Carmen 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Engagement des deutschsprachigen Nathan Birnbaum auf der Jiddischen Sprachkonferenz in Czernowitz 1908 lässt sich als Versuch verstehen, ein grundlegendes ideologisches Problem des Kulturzionismus zu lösen: Dem von Herder und Humboldt geprägten Kulturverständnis zufolge sollte eine jüdische Nation auch über eine jüdische Literatur in jüdischer Sprache verfügen. Das Jiddische mit seiner lebendigen und vermeintlich von der Assimilation unbeeindruckten Kultur schien diese Kriterien zu erfüllen. Es galt als volksnah, besaß eine säkulare Tradition und war für Deutschsprachige leichter zugänglich als das Hebräische. Zugleich aber haftete ihm der Makel der ‚Ghettosprache‘ an. – It was the German-speaking Nathan Birnbaum who headed the Yiddish Language Conference in Czernowitz in 1908. His efforts to promote Yiddish can be recognized as an attempt to solve a fundamental ideological problem of cultural Zionism: According to its understanding of culture, which was shaped by Herder and Humboldt, a Jewish nation should be based on a decidedly Jewish literature in a Jewish language. Yiddish, with its lively culture that was supposedly unaffected by assimilation, seemed to meet these criteria. It was considered close to the people, had a secular tradition and was more accessible to German speakers than Hebrew. At the same time, however, the stigma of ‘ghetto language’ adhered to it.
Jüdische Sprachen als Gegenstand staatlich-edukativer Reglementierung im Habsburgerreich
Authors: Sadowski Dirk 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Sprachenpolitik des österreichischen Staates gegenüber der jüdischen Bevölkerung des Habsburgerreiches zielte auf eine Verdrängung des Jiddischen als Alltags- und Umgangssprache und seine Ersetzung durch das Deutsche. Hierdurch sollte eine ‚moralische Verbesserung‘ der Juden erreicht werden. In Galizien kam dem Ausbau eines deutschen ‚Normalschulwesens‘ für jüdische Kinder eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Die damit verbundenen Eingriffe in die Lebenswelt der jüdischen Bevölkerung in Galizien und der dadurch hervorgerufene Widerstand verhinderten den staatlicherseits erwünschten Sprachenwandel. – The language policy of the Austrian state towards the Jews of the Habsburg Empire aimed to displace Yiddish as an everyday and colloquial language and to replace it with German. This was intended to bring about a ‘moral improvement’ of the Jews. In Galicia in particular, the development of a German ‘normal school system’ for Jewish children was of special importance. However, the state’s educative interference in the living environment of the Galician Jews and their resistance against the schools ultimately prevented the language change desired by the state.
Groups Whose Common Divisor Graph on p-Regular Classes has Diameter Three
Authors: Felipe M. J. , Jean-Philippe M. K. , Sotomayor V. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLet G be a finite p-separable group, for some fixed prime p. Let $$\Gamma _p(G)$$

Γ
p

(
G
)

be the common divisor graph built on the set of non-central conjugacy classes of p-regular elements of G: this is the graph whose vertices are the conjugacy classes of those non-central elements of G such that p does not divide their orders, and two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if the greatest common divisor of their lengths is strictly greater than one. The aim of this paper is twofold: to positively answer an open question concerning the maximum possible distance in $$\Gamma _p(G)$$

Γ
p

(
G
)

between a vertex with maximal cardinality and any other vertex, and to study the p-structure of G when $$\Gamma _p(G)$$

Γ
p

(
G
)

has diameter three.
Age-dependent effects of Delaire facemask therapy for class III malocclusion
Authors: Kinzinger Gero Stefan Michael , Hourfar Jan , Sommer Joana Nanina , Lisson Jörg Alexander 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background and aim
Treatment effects of a combined rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and Delaire facemask (DFM) therapy have so far only been scientifically investigated through cephalometric analyses. The combination of cephalometric, dental cast and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan analysis was not yet used for investigating morphologic changes of the tooth-bearing palate. The aim of the present study was to determine whether patient age at treatment begin has an influence upon palatal length changes after RME/DFM therapy, and to what extent transverse palatal sutures contribute to these.

Patients and methods
In n = 6 patients (min 10.5 years, max 14.7 years) from a total group of n = 40, CBCT datasets showing all palatal sutures were visually assessed, and palatal morphology was compared with a dental cast analysis. In addition, lateral cephalograms and dental casts of n = 40 patients were divided into two groups (PG1: < 12 years, n = 20; PG2: ≥ 12 years, n = 20), and an analysis was performed to investigate changes in the tooth-bearing palate after RME/DFM treatment.

Results
The CBCT analysis showed that the median and transverse palatine sutures were always open. On the contrary, the pterygopalatomaxillary sutures were partially open only in the youngest patients. The transverse palatal suture showed age-dependent morphologic changes in the transverse and sagittal planes. The changes of the palatal width and length show clear differences between the two younger and the four older patients in the corresponding dental cast analysis. The cephalometric analysis showed that a significant improvement of the sagittal jaw relation due to ventral displacement of the maxilla during treatment occurred only in younger patients (< 12 years) despite similar initial findings in both patient groups. The dental cast analysis also revealed that changes are age-dependent: In PG1, the width increases posteriorly more than anteriorly; in PG2, this is reversed. The length increases are always significant in both patient groups, whereby the anterior, posterior, and total amounts are greater in PG1 than in PG2. In relative terms, the increases in both groups are greater posteriorly than anteriorly. There is a significant difference between the groups posteriorly and overall.

Conclusions
Morphological changes of the sutures appear to have a decisive influence on the success of RME/DFM therapy. The age-dependent reactions of pterygopalatomaxillary and transverse palatine sutures represent a further main therapeutic effect of DFM treatment in addition to those described by Delaire and explain the different changes in palate length before and after the age of 12. If the maximum effect of RME/DFM treatment is desired, it should be started before the age of 12. Treatment success is age-dependent.
Mechanical performance of negative-stiffness multistable bi-material composites
Authors: Mehreganian Navid , Razi Shayan , Fallah Arash S. , Sareh Pooya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractArchitected latticed structural systems, known as metamaterials or metastructures, have recently garnered significant attention due to their superior performance under various loading conditions. This class includes metamaterials exhibiting multistability, characterized by negative stiffness, which enables energy entrapment during transitions between equilibrium states, making them suitable for applications such as lightweight protective systems. In this study, in three folds, we investigate the mechanical performance of a negative stiffness honeycomb metamaterial (NSHM) with unit cells composed of curved double beams. First, the quasi-static compressive response is numerically examined using the finite element method, revealing that this response is independent of the number of cells. Next, we analyze the transient dynamic response of both mono-material NSHMs and bi-material composites, where the stiffeners are replaced by brittle polystyrene, under localized striker and uniform plate impacts. Finally, we present an analytical model for the total potential energy, with solutions obtained through an optimization technique, and validate these results against the numerical simulations. Through these analyses, we study the effects of several parameters influencing multistability. Our findings demonstrate that the bistability ratio significantly impacts the overall response of the honeycomb, and the desired negative stiffness can be achieved with high bistability ratios. Additionally, the contact force peaks resulting from striker impact are found to be independent of the number of constituent elements. The optimized geometry of the lattice is determined through a trade-off between porosity and stiffness, achieved by thicker cell walls.
A maximum statistic for the one-sided location-scale alternative in the two-stage design
Authors: Murakami Hidetoshi , Neuhäuser Markus 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAn increase in location is typically accompanied by an increase in variability. Subsequently, the heteroscedasticity can indicate a treatment effect. Therefore, it may be appropriate to perform a location-scale test. A common statistic for a location-scale test is the sum of a location and scale statistic. As demonstrated by Neuhäuser (Biometri J 43:809–819, 2001), weighting the sum increases the power. Although weights cannot usually be reasonably selected a priori, a weighting is possible in an adaptive design using the information obtained in an interim analysis. Here, we propose an adaptive statistic that increases and stabilizes the power. The power performance in various situations for continuous and discrete distributions is investigated using Monte Carlo simulations, which reveal that the proposed statistic increases and stabilizes the power, thus rendering it a strong competitor to existing location-scale statistics. The new statistic is illustrated using real data.
Para-Sasakian $$\phi -$$symmetric spaces
Authors: Loiudice Eugenia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study the Boothby–Wang fibration of para-Sasakian manifolds and introduce the class of para-Sasakian

$$\phi $$

ϕ

-symmetric spaces, canonically fibering over para-Hermitian symmetric spaces. We remark that in contrast to the Hermitian setting the center of the isotropy group of a simple para-Hermitian symmetric space G/H can be either one- or two-dimensional, and prove that the associated metric is not necessarily the G-invariant extension of the Killing form of G. Using the Boothby–Wang fibration and the classification of semisimple para-Hermitian symmetric spaces, we explicitly construct semisimple para-Sasakian

$$\phi $$

ϕ

-symmetric spaces fibering over semisimple para-Hermitian symmetric spaces. We provide moreover an example of non-semisimple para-Sasakian

$$\phi $$

ϕ

-symmetric space.
Multi-fidelity Bayesian Optimisation of Wind Farm Wake Steering using Wake Models and Large Eddy Simulations
Authors: Mole Andrew , Laizet Sylvain 
Published: December 2024

AbstractImproving the power output from wind farms is vital in transitioning to renewable electricity generation. However, in wind farms, wind turbines often operate in the wake of other turbines, leading to a reduction in the wind speed and the resulting power output whilst also increasing fatigue. By using wake steering strategies to control the wake behind each turbine, the total wind farm power output can be increased. To find optimal yaw configurations, typically analytical wake models have been utilised to model the interactions between the wind turbines through the flow field. In this work we show that, for full wind farms, higher-fidelity computational fluid dynamics simulations, in the form of large eddy simulations, are able to find more optimal yaw configurations than analytical wake models. This is because they capture and exploit more of the physics involved in the interactions between the multiple turbine wakes and the atmospheric boundary layer. As large eddy simulations are much more expensive to run than analytical wake models, a multi-fidelity Bayesian optimisation framework is introduced. This implements a multi-fidelity surrogate model, that is able to capture the non-linear relationship between the analytical wake models and the large eddy simulations, and a multi-fidelity acquisition function to determine the configuration and fidelity of each optimisation iteration. This allows for fewer configurations to be evaluated with the more expensive large eddy simulations than a single-fidelity optimisation, whilst producing comparable optimisation results. The same total wind farm power improvements can then be found for a reduced computational cost.
The known unknowns in international border interceptions of non-native insects
Authors: Turner Rebecca M. , Liebhold Andrew M. , Nahrung Helen F. , Phillips Craig B. , Yamanaka Takehiko , Brockerhoff Eckehard G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Propagule pressure is one of the key drivers of establishment success of non-native species, including insects. However, border interception data, which have the potential to act as a proxy for true arrival rates (i.e., propagule pressure) of insects into a country, are seldom used to predict invasions. This can be due to the limited amount of interception data in some countries, difficulties accessing such data, and when these data are available, difficulties in addressing biases caused by variation in interception probability for different taxa due to policy changes, and operational influences of import inspections. The type of interception data required to reliably estimate arrival rates is rarely available. To improve the use of interception data as a proxy for propagule pressure, we investigated the fraction of established species which had interceptions and vice versa by taxonomic group and by biological characteristics (development type and feeding group), using several national datasets from five continents. We identified higher fractions of established species that were intercepted for plant feeding insect groups compared to fractions of non-plant feeding groups, even in countries with more general import inspection strategies. This is likely to reflect greater search effort for and recording of plant-feeding insect groups during inspections. To address this variation in interception probability and improve establishment predictions based on interception frequency, we developed a methodology to account for such taxonomic variation. We apply this to three hazard lists of insects, containing potential pests for an industry or potential pests for a country, to assess its effectiveness.
Visual arts museums as learning environments in the undergraduate and postgraduate programmes of the Faculty of Education at the Complutense University of Madrid
Authors: García Cano Marta , Gil-Ruiz Paula , Martínez-Vérez Victoria 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article addresses the need to bring the museum environment closer to the students of the Faculty of Education at the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM). The motivation for this stems from an observed lack of artistic education among these students, specifically evidenced by a lack of familiarity with the resources and learning opportunities offered by museums. To address this issue, a mixed quantitative-qualitative methodological design was chosen, with a focus on the factors that define artistic education. The research was conducted with a population cohort of UCM students (N = 476) including future teachers, pedagogy professionals and social education professionals. The results confirm the initial hypothesis, as 82.2% of the students reported having limited knowledge of museums and their resources. Additionally, 48.3% of the participants considered their artistic education during compulsory education to have been inadequate, and of these, 78.6% stated that their teaching staff lacked the necessary knowledge. In UCM’s Laboratorio Pantono innovation project (PID), 88.6% of the students of the Faculty of Education considered museum educational resources to be relevant to their education and recognised their usefulness at all educational stages. This is because these resources facilitate the acquisition of learning related to didactics and curriculum (63.3%), recreation (92.99%), expression (63.30%), and cross-cutting issues (90.3%). Based on these findings, this study underscores the need to integrate museum resources in teacher training programmes.
Open systems across scales
Authors: Rivat Sébastien 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The view that our best current physics deals with effective systems has gained philosophical traction in the last two decades. A similar view about open systems has also been picking up steam in recent years. Yet little has been said about how the concepts of effective and open systems relate to each other despite their apparent kinship—both indeed seem at first sight to presuppose that the system in question is somehow incomplete. In this paper, I distinguish between two concepts of effectiveness and openness in quantum field theory, which provides a remarkably well-developed theoretical framework to make a first stab at the matter, and argue that on both counts, every realistic effective system in this context is also open. I conclude by highlighting how the discussion opens novel avenues for thinking of systems as open across scales.