bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA SÍFILIS MATERNA E CONGÊNITA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Mamede Lorenna Rocha Lobo e Silva , Silva Antonio Márcio Teodoro Cordeiro , Almeida Rogério José de 
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Analisar as características sociodemográficas e assistenciais da sífilis materna e da sífilis congênita no mundo. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura com amostra final de 25 artigos nacionais e internacionais levantados junto ao PubMed e a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Os artigos foram selecionados segundo os critérios do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Resultados: Os dados coletados dos 25 artigos selecionados, totalizaram 48.686 gestantes diagnosticadas com sífilis materna e 22.349 gestantes com desfecho de sífilis congênita. O perfil sociodemográfico foi de gestantes não brancas, de faixa etária entre 20 e 29 anos e de baixa escolaridade. Os dados assistenciais demonstram falhas na assistência pré-natal, 71,6% das gestantes com desfecho de sífilis congênita realizou o pré-natal, 65,4% tiveram os testes treponêmicos ignorados e mais de 50% não receberam o tratamento ou foi inadequado. Vários artigos citaram a dificuldade por parte das gestantes no acesso à serviços de saúde. Conclusão: O presente estudo evidenciou a importância de se demonstrar os percursos epidemiológicos da sífilis materna e da sífilis congênita no mundo, sendo ambos marcadores relevantes da qualidade de assistência a gestantes, servindo de alerta ao poder público para elaboração de estratégias de resolução integrada.
Processos criativos remotos em teatro: Um diálogo entre a Análise Ativa de Stanislavski e o RPG
Authors: Leite Martha Dias da Cruz , Compadre Vitor Hugo Moreira Lima 
Published: November 2021

O texto apresenta os resultados de pesquisa que investigou procedimentos metodológicos para criação de uma peça de teatro virtual, a partir do diálogo entre a Análise Ativa de Stanislavski e elementos do RPG. Discute conceitos teóricos, descreve os caminhos metodológicos adotados e, por fim, tece uma reflexão sobre o processo de criação cênica em formato remoto. A reflexão busca evidenciar que, ainda que experiência do teatro virtual não possa ser simetrizada ao teatro presencial, o teatro virtual possui potência para ser mais do que uma alternativa emergencial de produção cênica em contexto pandêmico, agregando possibilidades formais dentro do grande rol de experiências que se entende por teatro contemporâneo.
Incidence and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer among multi-ethnic patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a hospital-based retrospective analysis over two decades
Authors: Muhammad Nawawi Khairul Najmi , Mokhtar Norfilza M. , Wong Zhiqin , Mohd Azman Zairul Azwan , Hsin Chew Deborah Chia , Rehir Rasyidah , Leong Jocelyn , Ismail Fuad , Mohamed Rose Isa , Yaacob Yazmin , Abdul Hamid Hamzaini , Sagap Ismail , Raja Ali Raja Affendi 
Published: November 2021

Background
The incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Asian countries is increasing. Furthermore, recent studies have shown a concerning rise in the incidence of CRC among younger patients aged less than 50 years. This study aimed to analyze the incidence trends and clinicopathological features in patients with early-onset CRC (EOCRC) and later-onset CRC (at age ≥ 50 years).

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 946 patients with CRC diagnosed from 1997 to 2017 at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. The time trend was assessed by dividing the two decades into four 5-year periods. The mean age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates were calculated by using the 5-year cumulative population of Kuala Lumpur and World Health Organization standard population. The mean incidence was expressed per 100,000 person-years.

Results
After a stable (all age groups) CRC incidence rate during the first decade (3.00 per 100,000 and 3.85 per 100,000), it sharply increased to 6.12 per 100,000 in the 2008–2012 period before decreasing to 4.54 per 100,000 in the 2013–2017 period. The CRC incidence trend in later-onset CRC showed a decrease in the 2013–2017 period. Contrariwise, for age groups of 40–44 and 45–49 years, the trends showed an increase in the latter 15 years of the study period (40–44 years: 1.44 to 1.92 to 2.3 per 100,000; 45–49 years: 2.87 to 2.94 to 4.01 per 100,000). Malays’ EOCRC incidence rate increased from 2008–2012 to 2013–2017 for both the age groups 40–44 years (1.46 to 2.89 per 100,000) and 45–49 years (2.73 to 6.51 per 100,000). Nearly one-fifth of EOCRC cases were diagnosed at an advanced stage (Dukes D: 19.9%), and the majority of them had rectal cancer (72.8%).

Conclusion
The incidence of EOCRC increased over the period 1997–2017; the patients were predominantly Malays, diagnosed at a later stage, and with cancer commonly localized in the rectal region. All the relevant stakeholders need to work on the management and prevention of CRC in Malaysia.
Land Selling Scenario of Person Leaving Agriculture in Nayagarh District of Odisha
Authors: Dakua Anupam , Ghadei Kalyan 
Published: November 2021

Aim: Land being the most important consideration in the social status in the rural areas, selling of them is considered as bad signs in India. Many times, it is observed that farmers were compelled to sell their lands due to manyreasons. Depeasantisation is one of them. In the current paper the land selling scenario of the Depeasantised persons is analysed.
Study Design and Place of Study: An Ex-post-Facto study has been conducted in Nayagarh District of Odisha, which is one of the peri-urban districts of the Capital city of Odisha.
Methodology: A total of 280 number of Depeasantised persons were selected randomly from 5 blocks out of 8 blocks of the district for the study. A structured interview schedule was prepared for collecting the data from the respondents. With proper statistical tools the data was analysed and interpreted for the result. The proportion of respondents sold land, category of farmers who sold land, the reason of land selling, and the persons to whom the land sold was found out during the investigation.
Result: Almost half of the depeasantised persons have sold their lands, all of then have sold a portion of their lands only. More than 85 percent of the respondents belonged to the marginal farer category who had sold their lands. Debt repayment was the primary factor for selling of land in the study area. Most of the depeasantised persons more than 60 percent had sold their lands to landlords and other moneyed persons.
Conclusion: To safeguard the interest of the farmers and to prevent the land selling of the small and marginal farmers government should have more focused approach to solve this issue.
Study on Marketing Channels of Black Pepper in Kolli Hills of Namakkal District in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Indhumathi C. , Senthilkumar R. , Muralidharan C. , Selvi R. Pangayar 
Published: November 2021

Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim to analyze the marketing cost, margin, price spread and marketing efficiency of farmers in different marketing channels of Black pepper in Kolli Hills of Namakkal district.
Methodology: About 80 farmers were interviewed for this study. Data related to marketing performance of black pepper was collected using the well-structured pre tested interview schedule and the results were tabulated.
Results: Among the different marketing channels, total marketing cost was low in channel III (Rs.39/Qtl) as compared to channel II (Rs.92/Qtl) and channel I (Rs.74/Qtl). This shows that marketing cost was low if the channel does not have any market intermediaries. The best channel for both producer and consumer were found to be channel III in which producers receives the maximum share of consumers rupee (89.46 per cent) and consumers purchase the produce at the low price of Rs. 370/Qtl.
Conclusion: This study reveals that, among the other marketing channels, channel III has the highest marketing efficiency of 9.48 per cent and 8.48 per cent. Middleman exploitation was the major problem which reduce the net income of the farmers in the study area.
Environmental Implication of Thermal Radiation on the Physiochemical Properties of Soil around Gas Flare Sites in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Oyet G. I. , Audu P. , Chibor B. S. 
Published: November 2021

The effect of thermal radiation on the Physiochemical properties of soil around gas flare site in the Niger Delta region was assessed in Emuoha Local Government Area of River State, Nigeria, for a period of twelve months. Radiation profile was determined at different times (hours) – 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22, in the four seasons (early dry, early wet, late dry and late wet) of the year. Soil samples were taken at different depths (cm) (0-15 and 15-30) for physicochemical attributes at different distances (m) (0-150, 150-300, 300-450, 450-600 and 1000 -2000) from the flare site and thermal radiation was also determined at the respective distances. Results of effect of time and seasonal variations on radiation profile showed that environmental temperature (oC) ranged from 29.2 ± 0.3 at 22 hours of early wet season to 33.0 ± 0.4 at 14 hours of late dry season; radiation temperature ranged from 35.4 ± 1.2 at 22 hours of late wet season to 42.0 ± 1.4 at 14 hours of late dry season, while thermal radiation (w/m2) ranged from 490.83 ± 7.7 at 22 hours of late wet season to 535.69 ± 9.69 at 14 hours of late dry season. Results of effect of flare distance on physicochemical properties of soil showed that as the distance (m) from flare site increases from 0 – 150 to 1000 – 2000, the radiation intensity (w/m2) decreases from 603.84 ± 5.7 – 428.83 ± 0.75, and values of pH, OC, N, P, and exchangeable cations - K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ increases in the range {pH (4.94 ± 0.02 – 5.50 ± 0.00), OC (1.09 ± 0.01 – 2.05 ± 0.00), N (0.07 ±0.01 – 0.09 ± 0.00), P (10.90 ± 0.03 – 12.10 ± 5.19), K+ (0.28 ± 0.01 – 1.86 ± 0.01), Na+ (0.48 ± 0.00 – 1.04 ± 0.00), Ca2+ (1.65 ± 0.01 – 2.85 ± 0.00), Mg2+ (0.73 ± 0.01 – 1.24 ± 0.01)}, These values seemed not to be affected by the thermal radiation and flare distance , oil and grease and THC decreases in the range 203.30 ± 0.88 – 61.33 ± 0.33 and 352.90 ± 2.08 – 10.04 ± 0.04 respectively. Similar trend was observed with soil samples taken at 15-30cm depth. Statistical analysis showed there is significant difference (p<0.001) in soil attributes as distance from flare distance increases. Further studies should be carried out to investigate the relationship between soil around flare site and crop performance on different agro-ecological zone of Rivers State.
Violence Tendency among Secondary School Students: The Effect of Self-Esteem and Empathic Tendency
Authors: Kilic Mahmut , Uzuncakmak Tugba 
Published: November 2021

Aims: Personal, familial and environmental factors can be effective in tendency to violence. This study was conducted to determine the effects of self-esteem of adolescents and empathic tendency on levels of violence tendency to secondary school students, regardless of socio-demographic characteristics.
Study Design: This study is a retrospective record study.
Place and Duration of Study: Secondary schools in the city center of Yozgat in the 2017-2018 academic years.
Methodology: In the study, the data in the records of secondary school students (n=987, boys 503, girls 484; grade range 5-8) which were collected using the scales were used. The data were analysed by correlation, independent t-test, Anova and linear regression (LR).
Results: The mean violence tendency, self-esteem, and empathic tendency scales’ scores of the students were 33.4, 69.0 and 2.4, respectively. According to the multivariate analysis, low empathic tendency, family perception of low performance, disliking school, increased TV viewing time, low self-esteem, increased age, being exposed to violence at home and not preparing for high school entrance exam were found to be statistically significant as the factors affecting the tendency to violence in order of priorities.
Conclusion: Early adolescents have a moderate level of tendency to violence. Moreover, low self-esteem, low empathic tendency, individual characteristics and parental attitudes are associated with tendency to violence.
Clinical Comparative Study of Effect of Two Different Doses of Phenylephrine on Spinal Induced Hypotension during Cesarean Section
Authors: Hiruthick S. , Sanjana K. V. L. 
Published: November 2021

Background and Aims: During Cesarean section, hypotension occurs in the most of parturients, following spinal anesthesia. This prospective observational study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of two different Bolus Doses of Phenylephrine for Prevention of Spinal-Induced Hypotension during Cesarean Section.
Materials and Methods: A total of 120 parturients undergoing cesarean section were divided into two groups of group A and group B with sixty in each group. Group A received phenylephrine 75 mcg IV bolus, while Group B received phenylephrine 100 mcg IV bolus, immediately after giving spinal anesthesia. For the next 20 minutes, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DSP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded every 2 minutes, and APGAR scores at 1 and 5 minutes were recorded.
Results: There was no difference between the two groups in terms of preventing hypotension, with 16.6% in Group A and 16.6% in Group B. In the first 2–6 minutes, however, the rise in systolic pressure in Group B was higher than in Group A. Group B (46.66 %) had a higher rate of bradycardia than Group A (25 %).
Conclusion: Both phenylephrine dosages were equally effective in preventing hypotension following spinal anesthesia. However, Prophylactic bolus dose of phenylephrine 75 mcg was found to be effective for the management of spinal-induced hypotension and should be preferred over 100 mcg which causes significant bradycardia and reactive hypertension.
Determination of Oligohydramnios and Its Perinatal Outcome in Tertiary Hospital, India
Authors: Sindhuja S. M. , Meenakshi . 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Oligohydramnios is an extremely rare condition where the liquor amnii is deficient in amount to the extent of less than 200 mL at term.
Methods and Materials: This study is a retrospective study conducted in Saveetha Medical college from JAN2021- MAR2021 done by random sampling method and 50 patients with oligohydramnios were taken as study population after satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: In the current study, 78 percent of patients received emergency LSCS, while only 22 percent had a normal delivery, in this study, approximately 20% weighed less than 2 kg, The most common cause of Oligohydramnios in this study was idiopathic.
Conclusion: Oligohydraminos is now being identified more frequently in regular USG examinations. Oligohydraminos is linked to a higher likelihood of pregnancy problems, as well as a higher rate of death and morbidity.
The Role of Serum Protein, Haemoglobin, and BMI as Predictors of Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality in Major Surgeries
Authors: Jaison Karen , Muthukumaran G. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Pre-operative nutritional assessment is necessary for all patients undergoing surgery in order to prevent post-operative complications. This is because wound healing is an anabolic process requiring adequate protein stores in our body. Serum albumin levels has been found to be a reliable tool in assessing the nutrition when used along with two other parameters namely, haemoglobin and body mass index. It is necessary to provide adequate nutritional support prior surgery for better clinical outcome post-operatively.
Objectives: To assess role of pre-operative serum albumin, haemoglobin and BMI as predictors of post-operative morbidity and mortality in major open surgeries.
Materials and Methods:Sixty patients more than 18 years of age posted for elective and emergency laparotomy in the general surgery ward were included in this study based upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Detailed history, clinical examination, anthropometry and nutritional assessment with pre-operative serum albumin, haemoglobin and BMI were done. Post-surgery the details of the procedure, anaesthesia, duration of surgery, duration of hospital stay and early post-operative complications were studied. The patients were followed up till they got discharged from the hospital. The data obtained was analysed.
Results: Maximum number of post-operative complications were in the age group of 40-59 years (36.66%). Seroma followed by surgical site infections were the two most common complications seen among the study population. Most of the complications were seen among patients with serum albumin <3.5gm/dl. Patients with hypoalbuminemia and anaemia had a tendency to develop more post-operative complications and this was found to be statistically significant. (p value <0.05) There was no significant relationship between abnormal BMI and complications in the present study.
Conclusion: Pre-operative hypoalbuminemia <3.5gm/dl and anaemia were found to be independent risk factors for post-operative morbidity and mortality in major open surgeries. Although the relationship between BMI and complications was not found to be statistically significant, it is also essential to stabilise BMI prior to surgery for better clinical outcome.
Stochastic stability of decentralized Kalman filter for nonlinear systems
Authors: Saini Vinod Kumar , Maity Arnab 
Published: November 2021

SummaryIn this paper, stochastic stability of a decentralized Kalman filter (DKF) for nonlinear systems and a bound on the sum of square of predicted estimation error are examined of a single node. A Lyapunov analysis approach is used to show that the predicted estimation error of the nonlinear DKF is stochastically stable and exponentially bounded in mean square, if the system is observable, controllable and the initial estimation error is bounded. Moreover, it is validated by the numerical simulations. The numerical results show that the sum of square of the predicted estimation error is bounded above.
A Dual‐Protective Artificial Interface for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Fan Lishuang , Sun Bing , Yan Kang , Xiong Pan , Guo Xin , Guo Zhikun , Zhang Naiqing , Feng Yujie , Sun Kening , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractConstructing an advanced artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on lithium metal anodes is a promising strategy to protect Li anodes and enable them to maintain long‐term cycling stability and safety. Herein, the development of a dual‐protective interface as an artificial SEI with high ionic conductivity and appropriate mechanical strength to protect Li anodes from parasitic reactions and dendrite formation is reported. The dual‐protective interface consists of a Prussian blue (PB) inner layer and a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) outer layer. The compact and uniform PB layer with abundant Li‐ion diffusion channels facilitates fast and uniform Li‐ion flux to or from the surface of the Li metal anode, guiding uniform Li deposition without dendrite formation. In addition, the flexible rGO layer on the top of the PB layer enhances the structural integrity of the PB film against severe volume change during repeated Li plating and stripping. As a result, the Li metal anodes with the dual‐protective interfaces show significantly improved cycling stability with high Coulombic efficiency and dendrite‐free morphology. This work provides a new strategy to enhance the stability and safety of Li metal anodes for lithium metal batteries.
Maladaptive Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Epithelitis in Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Colafrancesco Serena , Barbati Cristiana , Priori Roberta , Putro Erisa , Giardina Federico , Gattamelata Angelica , Monosi Benedetta , Colasanti Tania , Celia Alessandra Ida , Cerbelli Bruna , Giordano Carla , Scarpa Susanna , Fusconi Massimo , Cavalli Giulio , Berardicurti Onorina , Gandolfo Saviana , Nayar Saba , Barone Francesca , Giacomelli Roberto , De Vita Salvatore , Alessandri Cristiano , Conti Fabrizio 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveSalivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) are key cellular drivers in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS); however, the mechanisms sustaining SGEC activation in primary SS remain unclear. We undertook this study to determine the role of autophagy in the survival and activation of SGECs in primary SS.MethodsPrimary SGECs isolated from the minor SGs of patients with primary SS or sicca syndrome were evaluated by flow cytometry, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence to assess autophagy (autophagic flux, light chain 3 IIB [LC3‐IIB], p62, LC3‐IIB+/lysosome‐associated membrane protein 1 [LAMP‐1] staining), apoptosis (annexin V/propidium iodide [PI], caspase 3), and activation (intercellular adhesion molecule, vascular cell adhesion molecule). Focus score and germinal center presence were assessed in the SGs from the same patients to assess correlation with histologic severity. Human SG (HSG) cells were stimulated in vitro with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum from primary SS patients in the presence or absence of autophagy inhibitors to determine changes in autophagy and epithelial cell activation.ResultsSGECs from primary SS patients (n = 24) exhibited increased autophagy (autophagic flux [P = 0.001]; LC3‐IIB [P = 0.02]; p62 [P = 0.064]; and as indicated by LC3‐IIB/LAMP‐1+ staining), increased expression of antiapoptotic molecules (Bcl‐2 [P = 0.006]), and reduced apoptosis (annexin V/PI [P = 0.002]; caspase 3 [P = 0.057]), compared to samples from patients with sicca syndrome (n = 16). Autophagy correlated with histologic disease severity. In vitro experiments on HSG cells stimulated with serum and PBMCs from primary SS patients confirmed activation of autophagy and expression of adhesion molecules, which was reverted upon pharmacologic inhibition of autophagy.ConclusionIn primary SS SGECs, inflammation induces autophagy and prosurvival mechanisms, which promote SGEC activation and mirror histologic severity. These findings indicate that autophagy is a central contributor to the pathogenesis of primary SS and a new therapeutic target.
The gaseous natal environments of GPS and CSS sources with ASKAP–FLASH
Authors: Allison James R. , Sadler Elaine M. , Mahony Elizabeth K. , Moss Vanessa A. , Yoon Hyein 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGHz‐Peaked Spectrum (GPS) and compact steep spectrum (CSS) sources are thought to represent a young and/or confined sub‐population of radio‐loud active galactic nuclei (AGN) that are yet to evacuate their surrounding ambient interstellar gas. By studying the gaseous environments of these objects, we can gain an insight into the inter‐dependent relationship between galaxies and their supermassive black holes (SMBHs). The First Large Absorption Survey in Hi (FLASH) will build a census of the neutral atomic hydrogen (Hi) gas in galaxies at intermediate cosmological redshifts. FLASH is expected to detect at least several hundred Hi absorbers associated with GPS and CSS sources. These absorbers provide an important probe of the abundance and kinematics of line‐of‐sight neutral gas toward radio AGN, in some cases revealing gas associated with infalling clouds and outflows. Observations are now complete for the first phase of the FLASH Pilot Survey and early analysis has already yielded several detections, including the GPS source PKS 2311‐477. Optical imaging of this galaxy reveals an interacting system that could have supplied the neutral gas seen in absorption and triggered the radio‐loud AGN. FLASH will provide a statistically significant sample with which the prevalence of such gas‐rich interactions among compact radio galaxies can be investigated.