bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-COVID-19 arthritis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Gasparotto M. , Framba V. , Piovella C. , Doria A. , Iaccarino Luca 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is the novel pathogen responsible for the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) outbreak. Researchers and clinicians are exploring the pathogenetic mechanisms of the viral-induced damage and growing interest is focusing on the short-term and long-term immune-mediated consequences triggered by the infection. We will focus on post-SARS-CoV2 infection arthritis which may arise as a new pathological condition associated with COVID-19. In this article, we describe a case of acute oligoarthritis occurring 13 days after a SARS-CoV2 severe pneumonia in a middle-aged Caucasian man and we go over a brief review of the current available literature. We hypothesize that molecular mimicry might be the basic immunological mechanism responsible for the onset of COVID-19-related arthritis based on the current knowledge of SARS-CoV2 and on the known pathogenetic mechanism of viral-induced arthritis.
Autorisierte Übersetzung Zusammenfassung der Praxisleitlinien: Inzidenzraten und Risikofaktoren des plötzlichen unerwarteten Todes bei Epilepsie
Authors:   Kommission „Patientensicherheit“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Epileptologie, Surges Rainer 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungZielZiel dieser Praxisleitlinie ist es, die Häufigkeit von plötzlichen unerwarteten Todesfällen bei Epilepsie (SUDEP) in verschiedenen Epilepsiepopulationen zu bestimmen und die Frage zu beantworten, ob Risikofaktoren für SUDEP identifiziert werden können.MethodenSystematische Überprüfung der Evidenz; modifiziertes Verfahren zur Bewertung, Entwicklung und Evaluierung von graduierten Empfehlungen; im Konsens entwickelte Empfehlungen.ErgebnisseDie Ergebnisse der Inzidenzraten, die auf 12 Studien der Klasse I basieren, umfassen Folgendes: Das SUDEP-Risiko bei Kindern mit Epilepsie (im Alter von 0 bis 17 Jahren) beträgt 0,22/1000 Patientenjahre (95 %-Konfidenzintervall [KI] 0,16–0,31) (moderate Konfidenz in Evidenz). Das SUDEP-Risiko steigt bei Erwachsenen auf 1,2/1000 Patientenjahre (95 %-KI 0,64–2,32) (geringe Konfidenz in Evidenz). Der Hauptrisikofaktor für SUDEP ist das Auftreten von generalisierten tonisch-klonischen Anfällen (GTKA); das SUDEP-Risiko steigt mit zunehmender Häufigkeit des Auftretens von GTKA (hohe Konfidenz in Evidenz).EmpfehlungenLevel B: Ärzte, die sich um Kinder mit Epilepsie kümmern, sollen (Die US-amerikanischen Leitlinien sehen 3 Empfehlungsstärken vor, nämlich „must“, „should“ und „may“. Nach persönlicher Korrespondenz mit 3 in der SUDEP-Forschung renommierten Autoren dieses Artikels über die Stärke der Empfehlungen wurde einvernehmlich die hohe Empfehlungsstärke betont. Daher wurde das im Originaltext verwendete „should“ in diesem Text durchgehend mit „soll“ übersetzt.) die Eltern/Betreuer darüber informieren, dass SUDEP innerhalb eines Jahres typischerweise 1 von 4500 Kindern betrifft; daher werden 4499 von 4500 Kindern nicht betroffen sein. Ärzte sollen erwachsene Patienten mit Epilepsie darüber informieren, dass SUDEP typischerweise einen von 1000 Erwachsenen mit Epilepsie pro Jahr betrifft; daher werden jährlich 999 von 1000 Erwachsenen nicht betroffen sein. Bei Menschen mit Epilepsie, bei denen weiterhin GTKA auftreten, sollen Ärzte ihre therapeutischen Bemühungen aktiv fortführen, um das Auftreten von Anfällen und das Risiko von SUDEP zu reduzieren. Dabei sollen sie die Wünsche der Patienten berücksichtigen sowie Risiken und Nutzen eines jeden neuen Therapieansatzes gegeneinander abwägen. Ärzte sollen Menschen mit Epilepsie darüber informieren, dass Anfallsfreiheit, insbesondere die Freiheit von GTKA, stark mit einem verminderten SUDEP-Risiko verbunden ist.
How far from the road should land cover be assessed? A case study on mesopredator mortality on roads
Authors: Nieszała Angelika , Klich Daniel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe methods used to assess the significance of land cover in the vicinity of a road for the mortality of mesopredators are diverse. In assessing the effect of land cover along the road on road causalities, scientists use various buffer sizes, or even no buffer along the road. The aim of this study was to verify how results of land cover effects on the mortality of mesopredators on roads may differ when analyzing various buffer sizes from the road. We assessed road causalities in the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship (Poland) from 3 consecutive years: 2015, 2016, and 2017. The roads were divided into equal sections of 2000 m each with buffer size of radius: 10, 250, 500, and 1000 m. We analyzed the number of road kills of red fox and European badger separately in a generalized linear model, whereas explanatory variables we used land cover types (based on the Corine Land Cover inventory) and traffic volume. Mean annual mortality from road collisions amounts to 2.36% of the red fox population and 3.82% of the European badger population. We found that the buffer size determines the results of the impact of land cover on mesocarnivore mortality on roads. The red fox differed from the European badger in response to land cover depending on the buffer size. The differences we have shown relate in particular to built-up areas. Our results indicate a 500-m buffer as best reflecting the land cover effects in road kills of both species. This was confirmed by model evaluation and a tendency to use or avoid the vicinity of human settlements of the analyzed species. We concluded that buffer size will probably affect mostly the significance of cover types that are spatially correlated with roads, positively or negatively. We suggest that the home range size of given species in local conditions should be assessed before determining the size of the buffer for analysis.
COVID-19 mortality in the UK Biobank cohort: revisiting and evaluating risk factors
Authors: Elliott Joshua , Bodinier Barbara , Whitaker Matthew , Delpierre Cyrille , Vermeulen Roel , Tzoulaki Ioanna , Elliott Paul , Chadeau-Hyam Marc 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMost studies of severe/fatal COVID-19 risk have used routine/hospitalisation data without detailed pre-morbid characterisation. Using the community-based UK Biobank cohort, we investigate risk factors for COVID-19 mortality in comparison with non-COVID-19 mortality. We investigated demographic, social (education, income, housing, employment), lifestyle (smoking, drinking, body mass index), biological (lipids, cystatin C, vitamin D), medical (comorbidities, medications) and environmental (air pollution) data from UK Biobank (N = 473,550) in relation to 459 COVID-19 and 2626 non-COVID-19 deaths to 21 September 2020. We used univariate, multivariable and penalised regression models. Age (OR = 2.76 [2.18–3.49] per S.D. [8.1 years], p = 2.6 × 10–17), male sex (OR = 1.47 [1.26–1.73], p = 1.3 × 10–6) and Black versus White ethnicity (OR = 1.21 [1.12–1.29], p = 3.0 × 10–7) were independently associated with and jointly explanatory of (area under receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC = 0.79) increased risk of COVID-19 mortality. In multivariable regression, alongside demographic covariates, being a healthcare worker, current smoker, having cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, autoimmune disease, and oral steroid use at enrolment were independently associated with COVID-19 mortality. Penalised regression models selected income, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, cystatin C, and oral steroid use as jointly contributing to COVID-19 mortality risk; Black ethnicity, hypertension and oral steroid use contributed to COVID-19 but not non-COVID-19 mortality. Age, male sex and Black ethnicity, as well as comorbidities and oral steroid use at enrolment were associated with increased risk of COVID-19 death. Our results suggest that previously reported associations of COVID-19 mortality with body mass index, low vitamin D, air pollutants, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors may be explained by the aforementioned factors.
A Study of the Centuries-Long Reliance on Local Ceramics in Jerash Through Full Quantification and Simulation
Authors: Romanowska Iza , Brughmans Tom , Bes Philip , Carrignon Simon , Egelund Line , Lichtenberger Achim , Raja Rubina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Danish-German Jerash Northwest Quarter Project revealed a robust and striking pattern of the extreme dominance (>99%) of locally produced ceramics over six centuries and across different depositional contexts (in total over half a million pottery sherds). The archaeology of Jerash points towards an exceptional degree of self-sufficiency in craft products: why? The project team implemented a full quantification approach during excavation, manually and digitally recording and counting all pottery and other classes of artefacts. This enabled a full analysis of trends in production and use of ceramics throughout the archaeologically documented history of Jerash and revealed the unexpected pattern of the extreme dominance of local pottery. Archaeologists formulated a set of hypotheses to explain this pattern, and we developed an agent-based model of simple customer preference driving product distribution to evaluate several explanatory factors and their potential interactions. Our simulation results reveal that preference for locally produced ceramics at Jerash might be a plausible theory, but only if its intrinsic value was considered rather high in comparison to other goods, or if it was preferred by a majority of the population, and there was a tendency to follow this majority preference (or a combination of these factors). Here, we present a complete research pipeline of a full quantification of ceramics, analysis and modelling applicable at any archaeological site. We argue that transparent methods are necessary at all stages of an archaeological project: not only for data collection, management and analysis but also in theory development and testing. By focusing on a common archaeological material and by leveraging a range of widely available computational tools, we are able to better understand local and intra-regional distribution patterns of craft products in Jerash and in the ancient eastern Mediterranean.
Profilin-1; a novel regulator of DNA damage response and repair machinery in keratinocytes
Authors: Lee Chang-Jin , Yoon Min-Ji , Kim Dong Hyun , Kim Tae Uk , Kang Youn-Jung 
Published: February 2021

AbstractProfilin-1 (PFN1) regulates actin polymerization and cytoskeletal growth. Despite the essential roles of PFN1 in cell integration, its subcellular function in keratinocyte has not been elucidated yet. Here we characterize the specific regulation of PFN1 in DNA damage response and repair machinery. PFN1 depletion accelerated DNA damage-mediated apoptosis exhibiting PTEN loss of function instigated by increased phosphorylated inactivation followed by high levels of AKT activation. PFN1 changed its predominant cytoplasmic localization to the nucleus upon DNA damage and subsequently restored the cytoplasmic compartment during the recovery time. Even though γH2AX was recruited at the sites of DNA double strand breaks in response to DNA damage, PFN1-deficient cells failed to recruit DNA repair factors, whereas control cells exhibited significant increases of these genes. Additionally, PFN1 depletion resulted in disruption of PTEN-AKT cascade upon DNA damage and CHK1-mediated cell cycle arrest was not recovered even after the recovery time exhibiting γH2AX accumulation. This might suggest PFN1 roles in regulating DNA damage response and repair machinery to protect cells from DNA damage. Future studies addressing the crosstalk and regulation of PTEN-related DNA damage sensing and repair pathway choice by PFN1 may further aid to identify new mechanistic insights for various DNA repair disorders.
Actively revealing card attack on card-based protocols
Authors: Takashima Ken , Miyahara Daiki , Mizuki Takaaki , Sone Hideaki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn 1989, den Boer presented the first card-based protocol, called the “five-card trick,” that securely computes the AND function using a deck of physical cards via a series of actions such as shuffling and turning over cards. This protocol enables a couple to confirm their mutual love without revealing their individual feelings. During such a secure computation protocol, it is important to keep any information about the inputs secret. Almost all existing card-based protocols are secure under the assumption that all players participating in a protocol are semi-honest or covert, i.e., they do not deviate from the protocol if there is a chance that they will be caught when cheating. In this paper, we consider a more malicious attack in which a player as an active adversary can reveal cards illegally without any hesitation. Against such an actively revealing card attack, we define the t-secureness, meaning that no information about the inputs leaks even if at most t cards are revealed illegally. We then actually design t-secure AND protocols. Thus, our contribution is the construction of the first formal framework to handle actively revealing card attacks as well as their countermeasures.
Towards a more environmentally sustainable production of graphene-based materials
Authors: Beloin-Saint-Pierre Didier , Hischier Roland 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study compares prior life cycle assessment (LCA) studies on graphene-based materials (GBMs) with new results from original data on ball milling of few-layer graphene. The analysis thus offers an overview of the current state of knowledge on the environmental sustainability of GBM production. Possible future development pathways and knowledge gaps are identified and explained to provide guidance for the future development of GBMs.

Methods
Comparable scopes, aggregation levels, and impact assessment methods are used to analyse diverse GBMs with three different functional units for graphene oxide, pristine graphene, and other GBMs with different carbon/oxygen ratios or thickness. The ecoinvent v3.4 cut-off database is used for background data in all models to provide a common basis of comparison. Furthermore, uncertainty calculations are carried out to give insights on the current level of knowledge and to check if GBM production methods can be differentiated. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed on the energy inputs with a detailed description of three future scenarios for the European electricity mix.

Results and discussion
The general analysis of all results highlights three key strategies to improve the environmental sustainability of GBM production. (1) The use of decarbonised energy sources reduces substantially the impacts of GBMs. This benefit is decreased, however, when conservative forecasts of the future European electricity mix are considered. (2) Increased energy efficiency of production is useful mainly for the processes of electrochemical exfoliation and chemical vapour deposition. (3) The principles of green chemistry provide relevant ideas to reduce the impacts of GBMs mainly for the processes of chemical and thermal reduction and for the production of graphene oxide. Furthermore, the analysis of new data on ball milling production reveals that transforming GBM solutions into dry-mass can substantially increase the environmental impacts because of the energy-intensive nature of this conversion. The uncertainty analysis then shows that it is still difficult to differentiate all production methods with the current knowledge on this emerging technology.

Conclusions
With our current level of knowledge on GBMs, it is clear that more accurate data is needed on different production methods to identify frontrunners. Nevertheless, it seems that unknowns, like the state of future electricity mixes, might not often hinder such comparisons because conservative forecasts bring similar changes on many production options. Additionally, functional properties and toxicity for GBMs will require further attention to improve our confidence in the comparison of production methods in the future.
Understanding the High-Temperature Fatigue Crack Growth from Exceptional Nano-α Phases and {10$$ \bar{1} $$2} Deformation Twins in Hot Deformed Titanium Alloy
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Han Yuanfei , Su Xin , Li Shaopeng , Huang Guangfa , Mao Jianwei , Lu Weijie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this study, the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Ti-6Al-4V alloy at 723 K was measured by direct current potential drop (DCPD) method, and exceptional nano-α phases and {10

$$ \bar{1} $$

1

¯

2} deformation twins were newly found at the crack tip in Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The results showed that nano-α phases have Burgers orientation relationships (OR) (0001)
α
//(110)
β
, [

$$ \bar{2} $$

2

¯

110]
α
//[

$$ \bar{1} $$

1

¯

11]
β
with β phases. The terraced-structure interface consisted of (0

$$ \bar{1} $$

1

¯

10)
α
//(1

$$ \bar{1} $$

1

¯

2)
β
and (10

$$ \bar{1} $$

1

¯

0)
α
//(1

$$ \bar{1} $$

1

¯

0)
β
. Numerous dislocations accumulated in the β phase and became the diffused channels of O and V atoms. The α stabilizers (O element) diffused into the crystal lattice and β stabilizers (V element) spread out of the crystal lattice which accelerated the nano-α phases nucleation. <a> and <c + a> dislocations piled up at the primary α grain, interface and low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs), and dissociated into twinning dislocations to promote the twin nucleation. Dislocation transformation enabled nano-twins to grow through the primary α/β interface and strain transfer led that deformation twins nucleated in the adjacent primary α grains. With the effects of nano-α phases, LAGBs and twins, the resistance of crack propagation increased and the driving force decreased, and resulted in the low FCGR.

Graphic Abstract
Hybrid manufacturing of sheet metals and functionalizing for joining applications via hole flanging
Authors: Bambach Markus , Ünsal Ismail , Sviridov Alexander , Hama-Saleh Rebar , Weisheit Andreas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEfficient lightweight solutions are of great interest in many industries (aviation, automotive) particularly regarding the limitation of CO$$_2$$

2

-emissions and material waste. An innovative strategy to address these challenges is the use of hybrid manufacturing. Additive manufacturing (laser metal deposition, LMD) and conventional forming methods (hole-flanging) are used to optimize and functionalize AA 6016 sheet metal parts, which are widely used in the manufacturing of car body parts. First of all, the effects of the additive reinforcements on the mechanical and microstructural properties are investigated using tensile and microstructural tests. After manufacturing reinforced blanks and performing subsequent forming operations, the parts are investigated regarding damages and functionalized through threading. This allows the application of a bolt connection, which is tested through rip-off tests to evaluate the effect of the reinforcements on the fracture forces. It can be shown, that reinforcements can be manufactured without defects and virtually no porosity and the formability is only slightly reduced compared to conventional materials. At the same time, the performance of the reinforced bolt joint can be enhanced while the increase in weight can be limited to relatively small amounts.
Study on the Correlation Between NF-κB and Central Fatigue
Authors: Yang Xingzhe , Li Feng , Liu Yan , Li Danxi , Li Jie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the World Health Organization (WHO) has included fatigue as a major risk factor for human life and health. The incidence rate of fatigue is high. In Europe and America, nearly 1/3 of the population is suffering from fatigue. Due to the acceleration of modern people’s life rhythm and the increase of work pressure, more and more attention has been paid to central fatigue. The activation of NF-κB is related to central fatigue, which has been paid little attention by previous studies. At the same time, previous studies have mostly focused on the immune regulation function of NF-κB, while the NF-κB pathway plays an equally important role in regulating nerve function. NF-κB can participate in the occurrence and development of central fatigue by mediating immune inflammatory response, regulating central excitability and inhibitory transmitters, regulating synaptic plasticity and regulating central nervous system (CNS) functional genes. In addition to neuroprotective effects, NF-κB also has nerve damage effects, which is also closely related to the occurrence and development of central fatigue. In this review, we focus on the relationship between NF-κB pathway and central fatigue and further explore the biological mechanism of central fatigue. At the same time, the clinical application and potential of typical NF-κB inhibitors in the treatment of fatigue were analyzed to provide reference for the clinical treatment of central fatigue.
From “the Moon Is Rounder Abroad” to “Bravo, My Country”: How China Misperceives the World
Authors: Huang Haifeng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFor a long time, since China’s opening to the outside world in the late 1970s, admiration for foreign socioeconomic prosperity and quality of life characterized much of the Chinese society, which contributed to dissatisfaction with the country’s development and government and a large-scale exodus of students and emigrants to foreign countries. More recently, however, overestimating China’s standing and popularity in the world has become a more conspicuous feature of Chinese public opinion and the social backdrop of the country’s overreach in global affairs in the last few years. This essay discusses the effects of these misperceptions about the world, their potential sources, and the outcomes of correcting misperceptions. It concludes that while the world should get China right and not misinterpret China’s intentions and actions, China should also get the world right and have a more balanced understanding of its relationship with the world.
123I metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake predicts early relapse of neuroblastoma using semi-quantitative SPECT/CT analysis
Authors: Kitamura Yoshiyuki , Baba Shingo , Isoda Takuro , Maruoka Yasuhiro , Sasaki Masayuki , Kamitani Takeshi , Koga Yuhki , Kawakubo Naonori , Matsuura Toshiharu , Ishigami Kousei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective
123I metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy is a useful tool for the diagnosis of neuroblastoma (NB). MIBG uptake is correlated with norepinephrine transporter expression; hence, it is expected that high-MIBG tumors would be more highly differentiated and have a better prognosis than those with lower expression. We have introduced a method of assessing MIBG accumulation semi-quantitatively using SPECT/CT fusion images. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of 123I MIBG uptake measured by semi-quantitative values of SPECT/CT and early relapse of NB.

Methods
We studied the cases of 11 patients (5 males and 6 females, age 5–65 months, median age 20 months) with histopathologically proven NB between April 2010 and March 2015. The early-relapse group was defined as patients who had relapsed within 3 years after the first 123I MIBG SPECT/CT exam. Other patients were classified as the delay-relapse group. Uptake of MIBG was evaluated using the count ratio of tumor and muscles. T/Mmax and T/Mmean were defined as follows: T/Mmax = max count of tumor/max count of muscle, T/Mmean = mean count of tumor/mean count of muscle.

Results
The average T/Mmean values of the early-relapse group and delay-relapse group were 2.65 ± 0.58 and 7.66 ± 2.68, respectively. The T/Mmean values of the early-relapse group were significantly lower than those of delay-relapse group (p < 0.05). The average T/Mmax of the early-relapse group and delay-relapse group were 8.86 ± 3.22 and 16.20 ± 1.97, respectively. There was no significant difference in T/Mmax values between the two groups.

Conclusions
Low 123I MIBG uptake using semi-quantitative SPECT/CT analysis was correlated with early relapse of NB.