bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soluble TREM‐1, as a new ligand for the membrane receptor Robo2, promotes hepatic stellate cells activation and liver fibrosis
Authors: Liu Ting , Chen Shujia , Xie Xiaoli , Liu Hongqun , Wang Yongjuan , Qi Shengbin , Shi Linping , Zhou Xue , Zhang Jiuna , Wang Shuling , Wang Yijun , Chen Shengxiong , Dou Shiying , Jiang Xiaoyu , Cui Ruolin , Jiang Huiqing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTriggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 (TREM‐1) exists in two forms: a transmembrane form and a soluble form (sTREM‐1). The levels of sTREM‐1 are elevated in supernatants of activated HSCs. However, the role of sTREM‐1 in HSC activation and liver fibrosis remains undefined. Previous studies have primarily focused on the transmembrane form of TREM‐1; we innovatively observed the function of sTREM‐1 as a ligand in liver fibrosis and screened its receptor. Here, recombinant sTREM‐1 was used as a stimulator which induced HSC activation and further aggravated liver fibrosis. Then, screening for sTREM‐1 interacting membrane receptors was performed using pull‐down assay followed by mass spectrometry, and the membrane receptor roundabout guidance receptor 2 (Robo2) was identified as a candidate receptor for sTREM‐1. The interaction between sTREM‐1 and Robo2 was verified by pull‐down and immunofluorescence. The role of Robo2 on sTREM‐1‐induced HSC activation and its downstream signal pathways was assessed by knockdown of Robo2 in LX‐2 cells. Furthermore, HSC‐specific knockdown of Robo2 was achieved in a mouse model of liver fibrosis by using a recombinant adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vector to confirm the role of the receptor, and we proved that Robo2 knockdown inhibited the activation of HSC and liver fibrosis, which also led to the inactivation of Smad2/3 and PI3K/Akt pathways in sTREM‐1‐induced HSC activation and liver fibrosis. In conclusion, sTREM‐1 acts as a new ligand of Robo2; the binding of sTREM‐1 to Robo2 initiates the activation of the downstream Smad2/3 and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways, thereby promoting HSC activation and liver fibrosis.
Mucus piRNAs profiles of Vibrio harveyi‐infected Cynoglossus semilaevis: A hint for fish disease monitoring
Authors: Zhao Na , Deng Qiuxia , Zhu Chunhua , Zhang Bo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe half‐smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis, is an important cultured flatfish species. Vibrio harveyi is a common pathogen to this fish, which may result in great economic loss to C. semilaevis culture industry. piRNAs, a non‐coding RNAs with 26–32 nt, have been regarded as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and fish diseases. Here, we extracted the RNA from mucus of C. semilaevis and constructed the differential expression profiles of piRNAs between the sick fish (MS) and healthy fish (MC). We identified 45,696 differentially expressed piRNAs including 22,735 up‐regulated piRNAs and 22,961 down‐regulated piRNAs in MS group compared with MC group. The GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the differential piRNAs were carried out. The result showed immunity‐related target genes mainly involved in immune system process, response to stimulus, cell killing, immune system, infectious diseases and cell growth and death. The 10 most differentially expressed piRNAs were chosen to perform the qRT‐PCR, while only seven piRNAs were consistent with the sequence result. Compared with MC group, the expression levels of piR‐mmu‐72173>piR‐rno‐62831>piR‐xtr‐704880, piR‐dme‐15546979, piR‐mmu‐49941660, piR‐mmu‐29283297 and piR‐mmu‐1758399 were significantly lower, and piR‐gga‐10574 and piR‐gga‐134812 were significantly higher in MS group. These piRNAs may be potential biomarkers during the V. harveyi infection of C. semilaevis. This study could provide a new method to identify the infection status of C. semilaevis and understand better about the innate and adaptive immune system in C. semilaevis during bacterial infection.
Teaching medicine interns minimum geriatrics competencies within a “4 + 2” schedule
Authors: Chao Serena H. , Kwok Judy Y. , Ubani Benjamin N. , Rogers Rebecca E. P. , Stark Rachel L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe increased ambulatory training time in an “X + Y” (inpatient + ambulatory) residency schedule affords more opportunities to teach geriatrics principles of care. We describe our internal medicine (IM) residency program's experience in teaching the IM–family medicine (FM) minimum geriatrics competencies (MGC) during a longitudinal geriatrics rotation embedded within interns' yearlong “4 + 2” schedule. Interns spend 1 day of the ambulatory block in a geriatrics outpatient setting (Program of All‐Inclusive Care for the Elderly, house calls, nursing home), during which geriatrics division faculty members give core didactic seminars. We revamped core seminars to address MGC related to medication management, cognitive health, complex chronic illnesses, end of life care, and ambulatory care. Three consecutive intern cohorts completed anonymous surveys pre‐ and postrotation, rating their confidence level in MGC addressed by the curriculum on a 5‐point Likert scale. On postrotation surveys, they also rated the curriculum's contribution to geriatrics skills enhancement. Interns who completed both surveys (N = 22, 92%) reported statistically significant improved confidence ratings on all items, with the greatest point gains seen in performance of functional assessment (1.56), practice of optimal geriatric pharmacotherapy (1.78), and identification of older patients eligible for skilled (1.71) and unskilled home‐based services (1.65). They rated geriatrics curricular components as being more helpful than other rotations and conferences in enhancing their geriatric skills. In conclusion, we developed a longitudinal geriatrics curriculum within the context of our “4 + 2” immersion schedule which other programs can easily adapt. Aligning curricular content with the MGC has resulted in interns' improved confidence in several important geriatrics skills.
Molecular targets of psychedelic‐induced plasticity
Authors: Jaster Alaina M. , de la Fuente Revenga Mario , González‐Maeso Javier 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPsychedelic research across different disciplines and biological levels is growing at a remarkably fast pace. In the prospect of a psychedelic drug becoming again an approved treatment, much of these efforts have been oriented toward exploring the relationship between the actual psychedelic effects and those manifestations of therapeutic interest. Considering the central role of the serotonin 5‐HT2A receptor in the distinct effects of psychedelics in human psyche, neuropharmacology sits at the center of this debate and exploratory continuum. Here we discuss some of the most recent findings in human studies and contextualize them considering previous preclinical models studying phenomena related to synaptic plasticity. A special emphasis is placed on knowledge gaps, challenges, and limitations to evaluate the underpinnings of psychedelics’ potential antidepressant action.
image
Nurses’ attitudes and emotions toward caring for adults with intellectual disability: An international replication study
Authors: Desroches Melissa L. , Howie Virginia A. , Wilson Nathan J. , Lewis Peter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeNegative nurse attitudes and emotions toward caring for adults with intellectual disability have been implicated as a contributing factor to the cascade of health disparities faced by this population. The purpose of this study was to identify influencing factors of nurses’ attitudes and emotions toward caring for adults with intellectual disability that transcend national borders and differing systems of care.MethodsThis cross‐sectional correlational predictive replication study used an online electronic survey with a snowball sample of 115 Australian nurses, from March to August 2020.ResultsNurses’ attitudes toward adults with intellectual disability were significantly less positive compared to adults without intellectual disability, and nurses’ beliefs about the quality of life of adults with intellectual disability predicted nurses’ attitudes, replicating findings of the USA study. The frequency of both the professional and personal contact was associated with positive and negative emotions in both countries, however no consistent predictive pattern was evident.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that worldwide, there is room for improvement in nurses’ attitudes and emotions toward this underserved group. Future research should investigate the role of nurses’ beliefs about quality of life of adults with intellectual disability for potential interventions to improve nurses’ attitudes toward care.Clinical relevanceAssisting nurses to identify misconceptions about the quality of life of adults with intellectual disability is suggested as an intervention to improve nurses’ attitudes toward caring for adults with intellectual disability.
Using infrared imaging and deep learning in fit‐checking of respiratory protective devices among healthcare professionals
Authors: Siah Chiew‐Jiat Rosalind , Lau Siew Tiang , Tng Sian Soo , Chua Chin Heng Matthew 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate the application of infrared thermal imaging and adopt deep learning to detect air leakage for determining the fitness of respirators during fit‐checks.BackgroundThe outbreak of Covid‐19 virus constitutes a public health crisis with substantial resultant morbidities and mortalities; has exerted profound impacts.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study, employing a non‐probability sampling method on a convenience sample to recruit the participants and followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement guidelines.ResultsThe use of infrared thermal imaging identified air leakage points as a disruption to the facial thermal pattern distribution at (a) front of face; (b) right lateral of the face; (c) left lateral of the face; (d) top of the facemask with the head facing down; and (e) bottom of the facemask with the head facing up. Results also indicated that artificial intelligence tools and the proliferation of deep learning have the potential to detect the location of air leakage locations.ConclusionThe use of infrared thermal imaging provides evidence of the feasibility and applicability of infrared thermal imaging techniques in detecting air leakage for individuals wearing respirators.Clinical relevanceThe use of infrared thermal technology can serve a potential role in complement fit‐checking of respiratory protective devices and offers promising practical utility in determining the fitness of respirators for nurses at the frontline to protect against the air‐borne viruses.
Recurrence of alopecia areata after covid‐19 vaccination: A report of three cases in Italy
Authors: Rossi Alfredo , Magri Francesca , Michelini Simone , Caro Gemma , Di Fraia Marco , Fortuna Maria Caterina , Pellacani Giovanni , Carlesimo Marta 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundCommon COVID‐19 vaccines side effects are pain at the injection site, muscle pain, fever, headaches, fatigue. Possible immune‐related side effects in predisposed individuals have not been established so far.Materials and MethodsWe report three cases of recurrence of alopecia areata (AA) occurred after the first dose of COVID‐19 vaccine.ResultsAll patients had previous episodes of AA with total hair regrowth and stable remission during the months preceding the vaccination. Rapid hair loss occurred 2‐3 weeks after BNT162b2 mRNA (patient 1) and AZD1222/ChAdOx1 vaccine (patient 2 and 3), with widespread hair loss in two cases and a single patch of the vertex in one case, with typical trichoscopic features of AA.DiscussionBoth BNT162b2 mRNA and AZD1222/ChAdOx1 vaccines share the same goal of inducing the immune system, with antibodies production and Th1 cells activation with release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Thus, in patients with pre‐existing inflammatory dysregulated pathways, the interaction between the immune system and vaccines may enhance other autoimmune mechanisms. In our cases, we speculate that vaccine may have induced the hair loss focusing on components having a key role in both COVID‐19 vaccination and AA pathogenesis.ConclusionThis report may help to collect new data concerning possible immune‐related effects of vaccines. Certainly, only three cases are not sufficient to draw conclusion, thus a large‐scale study is necessary. Immune‐mediated side effects remain a rare event, thus the benefits of COVID‐19 vaccines outweigh the risk of disease flares and we strongly recommend it in all eligible patients with AA.
Pilot study of histology aspect of cellulite in seventy patients who differ in BMI and cellulite grading
Authors: Scarano Antonio , Petrini Morena , Sbarbati Andrea , Amore Roberto , Iorio Eugenio Luigi , Marchetti Marco , Amuso Domenico 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundCellulite is a topographic alteration of the skin with unknown etiology and is characterized by the presence of a dimpled or puckered aspect, as resembling an orange peel and cottage cheese or as having mattress‐like appearance.AimThe aim of this research was to find the different histological aspect of cellulite in sixty patients.Materials and MethodsA total of 60 women, mean age 48.8 ( ± 11.08) were included in the study. Among these, 11 women were in menopause (18.33%). All patients after physical examination, aesthetic, and dermatological evaluation were subjected to five cellulite biopsies with a 2.0 mm diameter and 1.5 mm in length in the trochanteric region affected by cellulite. The descriptive statistics were performed for each study predictors demographic age, height, bmi, waist, belly, hip thigh, and knee.ResultsThe histological analysis of the stained slides showed five different histological features were present in the most of patient.ConclusionIn conclusion, the outcome of this study shows that the histological evidence does not characterize the different states of cellulite, but several different histological aspects were present in the same patient, which effectively eliminates staging and could consider cellulite as a degenerative disease.
Full title: The prevalence of and predictors for perioperative hypothermia in postanaesthesia care unit
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Jiechu , Zhu Sainan , Li Jinlei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundHypothermia is a common clinical issue during the perioperative period. The patients with perioperative inadvertent hypothermia are associated with higher risk of postoperative complications and higher hospitalisation costs.AimsThe aim of this study is to explore the prevalence of and predictors for hypothermia in patients entering postanaesthesia care unit.DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA rigorous retrospective cohort study was conducted according to the STROBE reporting checklist. A total of 7216 patients were enrolled in this study. The perioperative variables potentially related to hypothermia were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to investigate the contributing factors.ResultsThe overall prevalence of inadvertent hypothermia in postanaesthesia care unit was 21.3% (n = 1505). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age >65 (OR = 1.561, 95% CI 1.371–1.778, p < .001), non‐supine position [lateral decubitus position (OR = 1.341, 95% CI 1.133–1.586, p = .001), lithotomy position (OR = 1.639, 95% CI 1.295–2.075, p < .001)], non‐superficial surgery (OR = 2.195, 95% CI 1.566–3.077, p < .001), non‐open surgery [laparoscopic surgery (OR = 1.205, 95% CI 1.020–1.423, p = .029), endoscopic surgery (OR = 1.430, 95%CI 1.084–1.887, p = .011)], the volume of intravenous infusion fluid >1000 ml (OR = 1.814, 95% CI 1.500–2.194, p < .001), blood transfusion (OR = 1.552, 95% CI 1.159–2.078, p = .003), operation performed in the summer or fall (OR = 1.874, 95%CI 1.656–2.122, p < .001) and use of dexmedetomidine (OR = 1.147, 95%CI 1.015–1.296, p = .028) were associated with increased risk of hypothermia. In contrast, our finding showed that body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 (OR = 0.556, 95%CI 0.491–0.630, p < .001), higher baseline body temperature (OR = 0.641, 95%CI 0.541–0.761, p < .001) and duration of fasting ≥18 h (OR = 0.487, 95%CI 0.345–0.689, p < .001) were associated with decreased risk of hypothermia. Compared with non‐hypothermic patients, patients with hypothermia were associated with prolonged length of hospital days (5 vs. 4 days, p < .001).ConclusionFor patients admitted to postanaesthesia care unit after elective procedures, old age, non‐supine position, non‐open surgery, non‐superficial surgery, large volume of intravenous infusion fluid, dexmedetomidine, blood transfusion and Summer or Fall operative season were associated with increased risk of hypothermia, whereas high body mass index, high baseline body temperature and long fasting duration were associated with decreased risk of hypothermia.Relevance to clinical practiceThe outcomes of this study will raise the concerns of perioperative care team on hypothermia in surgical patients. Measures should be taken to improve perioperative hypothermia and clinical outcome.
Actors and Resources in the Deinstitutionalization and Reproduction of Educational Inequalities: A Comparative Historical Analysis
Authors: Aïssaoui Rachida 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study reports on the findings of a comparative historical analysis uncovering three inequality projects aimed at either deinstitutionalizing or reproducing inequalities in school organizations in Memphis, Shelby County, Tennessee. My investigation covers a long period, from the mid‐1800s when the first public schools were created in Memphis, to 2014 when the suburban schools opted to permanently separate from the urban school district. The insights from this study make three key contributions. First, I develop a model of inequality work that uncovers the interactional mechanisms linking unequal impact to unequal treatment. Second, I explain why efforts at distributing resources equally can only temporarily resolve inequalities. Lastly, I identify valuation work as a central link between the material forms of institutional work to access resources and the symbolic form of institutional work to deinstitutionalize or reproduce the unequal treatment of actors.
Use of a CAD‐CAM Surgical Template to Improve Accuracy for Simultaneous Implant Removal, New Implant Placement, and Bone Graft
Authors: Gadah Thuraya , Dutra Vinicius , Polido Waldemar , Al‐Shahrani Ahid , Lin Wei‐Shao , Morton Dean 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA fractured implant is considered a catastrophic failure that leads to the loss of the implant and the prosthesis. Available methods of implant removal include the reverse screw technique, use of trephines, or osteotomies around the implant. In case of a fractured implant, the access hole for the reverse screw technique is impossible, leading to the need for an osteotomy. When the apical part of the fractured implant is embedded in bone, finding the piece may lead to a more ample osteotomy and significant bone loss, complicating future implant placement. This technique presented utilized a CAD‐CAM surgical template that was designed with the purpose of improving accuracy in finding the fractured part with minimal osteotomy, allowing for simultaneous placement of a new implant in the same site, with additional bone graft, utilizing the same template.
Dietary mulberry‐leaf flavonoids supplementation improves liver lipid metabolism and ovarian function of aged breeder hens
Authors: Huang Zhenwu , Lv Zengpeng , Dai Hongjian , Li Simeng , Jiang Jingle , Ye Nanwei , Zhu Shanli , Wei Quanwei , Shi Fangxiong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMulberry‐leaf flavonoids (MF), extracted from mulberry leaves, exert antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of dietary MF on the ovarian function and liver lipid metabolism of aged breeder hens. We used 270 (60‐weeks‐old) Qiling breeder hens randomly assigned in 3 treatments with supplemental dietary MF doses (0, 30, 60 mg/kg). The results showed that dietary MF significantly improved the egg‐laying rate, followed by the reduced feed conversion rate (FCR) (p < 0.05). However, there is no obvious difference in hatchability and fertilised eggs hatchability among the three groups (p > 0.05). The level of T‐CHO, LDL‐C and AKP in serum was reduced, and the HDL‐C concentrations were increased by dietary MF (p < 0.05). MF treatment also improved the antioxidant capacity and reduced the apoptotic index of the ovary (p < 0.05). Additionally, dietary MF significantly increased the serum estradiol (E2) levels (p < 0.05) and the transcription level of CYP19A1 and LHR in the ovary (p < 0.05). Dietary MF enhanced fatty acid β‐oxidation in the liver via up‐regulating the mRNA expressions of PPARα and CPT‐I (p < 0.05). Moreover, the HMF group significantly decreased mRNA expressions of SREBP‐1c (p < 0.05) and increased mRNA expressions of ERα, VTG‐Ⅱ and ApoB in the liver (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary MF could improve the reproduction performance of aged breeder hens through improving ovary function and hepatic lipid metabolism.
Sleep duration and mortality, influence of age, retirement, and occupational group
Authors: Åkerstedt Torbjörn , Trolle‐Lagerros Ylva , Widman Linnea , Ye Weimin , Adami Hans‐Olov , Bellocco Rino 
Published: November 2021

SummaryPrevious work has shown that both long and short sleep duration is associated with increased mortality, with lowest risk around 7 hr. This has had widespread impact on views on the optimal sleep duration. However, age, being employed/retired, and blue‐/white‐collar status, may influence the time available for sleep and thus, confound the association. We investigated the role of these factors on the association between sleep duration and mortality. We used employed and retired participants (N = 25,430) from the Swedish National March Cohort and Cox proportional hazards regression to model the shape of the association. We found a significant U‐shaped association in a multivariable model with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10, 1.39) for <5‐hr sleep duration, and a HR of 1.30 (95% CI 1.12, 1.51) for ≥9‐hr sleep duration, with the lowest HR for 7 hr, but with a span of low HRs from 5 to 8 hr. Unadjusted values showed a pronounced U‐shape. Adjusting for age accounted for most of the attenuation in the multivariable model. Stratification into five age groups showed a significant U‐shape only in those aged >60.3 years at baseline. The shape of the association did not differ between blue‐/white‐collar workers, nor between employed and retired groups. We conclude that the U‐shaped association between sleep duration and mortality is present only in older individuals.