bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Variation in the Thermospheric Superrotation: CHAMP Observation and TIE‐GCM Simulation
Authors: Wang Hui , Lühr H. , Zhang K. D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBy means of 4 years of Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) zonal wind observations and a Thermosphere‐Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model simulation, longitudinal and seasonal variations of thermospheric superrotation at magnetic equator are investigated first. The superrotation shows four‐ and three‐peaked longitudinal patterns in March and September equinoxes, and a two‐peaked variation during solstices. The superrotation is stronger in December than in June solstice, and stronger in March than in September equinox. The mean correlation between the zonal variation of superrotation and nighttime eastward wind is about 0.8, while it is 0.6 with daytime westward zonal wind. The interaction between the neutral wind and geomagnetic field plays a more important role in the superrotation, rather than the F‐region electron density. The lower atmospheric tides tend to suppress the superrotation, but contribute to the longitudinal patterns of the superrotation. The viscous force is also important for the longitudinal modulation of the superrotation.
Thermospheric Traveling Atmospheric Disturbances in Austral Winter From GOCE and CHAMP
Authors: Xu Shuang , Vadas Sharon L. , Yue Jia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, we analyze the thermospheric density data provided by the Gravity Field and Steady‐State Ocean Circulation Explorer during June–August 2010–2013 at ∼260 km altitude and the Challenging Minisatellite Payload during June–August 2004–2007 at ∼370 km altitude to study high latitude traveling atmospheric disturbances (TADs) in austral winter. We extract the TADs along the satellite tracks from the density for varying Kp, and linearly extrapolate the TAD distribution to Kp = 0; we call these the geomagnetic “quiet time” results here. We find that the quiet time spatial distribution of TADs depends on the spatial scale (along‐track horizontal wavelength ) and altitude. At z ∼ 260 km, TADs with ≤ 330 km are seen mainly around and slightly downstream of the Southern Andes‐Antarctic region, while TADs with > 800 km are distributed fairly evenly around the geographic South pole at latitudes ≥60°S. At z ∼ 370 km, TADs with ≤ 330 km are relatively weak and are distributed fairly evenly over Antarctica, while TADs with > 330 km make up a bipolar distribution. For the latter, the larger size lobe is centered at ∼60°S, and is located around, downstream and somewhat upstream of the Andes/Antarctic Peninsula, while the smaller lobe is located over the Antarctic continent at 90°–150°E. We also find that the TAD morphology for Kp ≥ 2 and > 330 km depends strongly on geomagnetic activity, likely due to auroral activity, with greatly enhanced TAD amplitudes with increasing Kp.
Therapeutic targeting of both dihydroorotate dehydrogenase and nucleoside transport in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma
Authors: Yu Yajie , Ding Jane , Zhu Shunqin , Alptekin Ahmet , Dong Zheng , Yan Chunhong , Zha Yunhong , Ding Han-Fei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMetabolic reprogramming is an integral part of the growth-promoting program driven by the MYC family of oncogenes. However, this reprogramming also imposes metabolic dependencies that could be exploited therapeutically. Here we report that the pyrimidine biosynthetic enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is an attractive therapeutic target for MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer with poor prognosis. Gene expression profiling and metabolomic analysis reveal that MYCN promotes pyrimidine nucleotide production by transcriptional upregulation of DHODH and other enzymes of the pyrimidine-synthesis pathway. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of DHODH suppresses the proliferation and tumorigenicity of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell lines. Furthermore, we obtain evidence suggesting that serum uridine is a key factor in determining the efficacy of therapeutic agents that target DHODH. In the presence of physiological concentrations of uridine, neuroblastoma cell lines are highly resistant to DHODH inhibition. This uridine-dependent resistance to DHODH inhibitors can be abrogated by dipyridamole, an FDA-approved drug that blocks nucleoside transport. Importantly, dipyridamole synergizes with DHODH inhibition to suppress neuroblastoma growth in animal models. These findings suggest that a combination of targeting DHODH and nucleoside transport is a promising strategy to overcome intrinsic resistance to DHODH-based cancer therapeutics.
Phospholamban antisense oligonucleotides improve cardiac function in murine cardiomyopathy
Authors: Grote Beverborg Niels , Später Daniela , Knöll Ralph , Hidalgo Alejandro , Yeh Steve T. , Elbeck Zaher , Silljé Herman H. W. , Eijgenraam Tim R. , Siga Humam , Zurek Magdalena , Palmér Malin , Pehrsson Susanne , Albery Tamsin , Bomer Nils , Hoes Martijn F. , Boogerd Cornelis J. , Frisk Michael , van Rooij Eva , Damle Sagar , Louch William E. , Wang Qing-Dong , Fritsche-Danielson Regina , Chien Kenneth R. , Hansson Kenny M. , Mullick Adam E. , de Boer Rudolf A. , van der Meer Peter 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, highlighting an urgent need for novel treatment options, despite recent improvements. Aberrant Ca2+ handling is a key feature of HF pathophysiology. Restoring the Ca2+ regulating machinery is an attractive therapeutic strategy supported by genetic and pharmacological proof of concept studies. Here, we study antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) as a therapeutic modality, interfering with the PLN/SERCA2a interaction by targeting Pln mRNA for downregulation in the heart of murine HF models. Mice harboring the PLN R14del pathogenic variant recapitulate the human dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) phenotype; subcutaneous administration of PLN-ASO prevents PLN protein aggregation, cardiac dysfunction, and leads to a 3-fold increase in survival rate. In another genetic DCM mouse model, unrelated to PLN (Cspr3/Mlp−/−), PLN-ASO also reverses the HF phenotype. Finally, in rats with myocardial infarction, PLN-ASO treatment prevents progression of left ventricular dilatation and improves left ventricular contractility. Thus, our data establish that antisense inhibition of PLN is an effective strategy in preclinical models of genetic cardiomyopathy as well as ischemia driven HF.
Neighboring Pd single atoms surpass isolated single atoms for selective hydrodehalogenation catalysis
Authors: Chu Chiheng , Huang Dahong , Gupta Srishti , Weon Seunghyun , Niu Junfeng , Stavitski Eli , Muhich Christopher , Kim Jae-Hong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSingle atom catalysts have been found to exhibit superior selectivity over nanoparticulate catalysts for catalytic reactions such as hydrogenation due to their single-site nature. However, improved selectively is often accompanied by loss of activity and slow kinetics. Here we demonstrate that neighboring Pd single atom catalysts retain the high selectivity merit of sparsely isolated single atom catalysts, while the cooperative interactions between neighboring atoms greatly enhance the activity for hydrogenation of carbon-halogen bonds. Experimental results and computational calculations suggest that neighboring Pd atoms work in synergy to lower the energy of key meta-stable reactions steps, i.e., initial water desorption and final hydrogenated product desorption. The placement of neighboring Pd atoms also contribute to nearly exclusive hydrogenation of carbon-chlorine bond without altering any other bonds in organohalogens. The promising hydrogenation performance achieved by neighboring single atoms sheds light on a new approach for manipulating the activity and selectivity of single atom catalysts that are increasingly studied in multiple applications.
Extreme sea levels at different global warming levels
Authors: Tebaldi Claudia , Ranasinghe Roshanka , Vousdoukas Michalis , Rasmussen D. J. , Vega-Westhoff Ben , Kirezci Ebru , Kopp Robert E. , Sriver Ryan , Mentaschi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Paris agreement focused global climate mitigation policy on limiting global warming to 1.5 or 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. Consequently, projections of hazards and risk are increasingly framed in terms of global warming levels rather than emission scenarios. Here, we use a multimethod approach to describe changes in extreme sea levels driven by changes in mean sea level associated with a wide range of global warming levels, from 1.5 to 5 °C, and for a large number of locations, providing uniform coverage over most of the world’s coastlines. We estimate that by 2100 ~50% of the 7,000+ locations considered will experience the present-day 100-yr extreme-sea-level event at least once a year, even under 1.5 °C of warming, and often well before the end of the century. The tropics appear more sensitive than the Northern high latitudes, where some locations do not see this frequency change even for the highest global warming levels.
Population-based study on birth outcomes among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lin Ya-Wen , Lin Ming-Hung , Pai Lee-Wen , Fang Jen-Wei , Mou Chih-Hsin , Sung Fung-Chang , Tzeng Ya-Ling 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo evaluate birth outcomes in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we used insurance data of Taiwan to evaluate 11 adverse neonatal outcomes of infants born to women with HDP (N = 7775) and with both HDP and GDM (HDP/GDM) (N = 1946), comparing to women with neither disorder (N = 19,442), matched by age. The impacts of preeclampsia/eclampsia were also evaluated. Results showed that Caesarean section delivery was near 1.7-fold greater in the HDP/GDM and HDP groups than in comparisons. The preterm delivery rates were more than threefold greater in HDP/GDM group and HDP group than in comparisons with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of 4.84 (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.34–5.40) and 3.92 (95% CI 3.65–4.21), respectively, followed by jaundice (aORs 2.95 (95% CI 2.63–3.33) and 1.90 (95% CI 1.76–2.06)), and small gestation age (SGA) (aORs 6.57 (95% CI 5.56–7.75) and 5.81 (95% CI 5.15–6.55)). Incidence rates of birth trauma, patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, respiratory distress syndrome, and neonatal hypoglycemia were also higher in the HDP/GDM and HDP groups than in the comparison group. Most adverse outcomes increased further in women with preeclampsia or eclampsia. In conclusion, women with HDP are at elevated risks of adverse neonatal outcomes. Risks of most adverse outcomes increase further for women with both HDP and GDM. Preeclampsia or eclampsia may also contribute to these outcomes to higher risk levels. Every pregnant woman with these conditions deserves specialized prenatal care.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Day-ahead electricity price forecasting using WPT, VMI, LSSVM-based self adaptive fuzzy kernel and modified HBMO algorithm
Authors: Syah Rahmad , Rezaei Mohammad , Elveny Marischa , Majidi Nezhad Meysam , Ramdan Dadan , Nesaht Mehdi , Davarpanah Afshin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDue to focal liberality in electricity market projection, researchers try to suggest powerful and successful price forecasting algorithms. Since, the accurate information of future makes best way for market participants so as to increases their profit using bidding strategies, here suggests an algorithm for electricity price anticipation. To cover this goal, separate an algorithm into three steps, namely; pre-processing, learning and tuning. The pre-processing part consists of Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) to analyze price signal to high and low frequency subseries and Variational Mutual Information (VMI) to select valuable input data in order to helps the learning part and decreases the computation burden. Owing to the learning part, a new Least squares support vector machine based self-adaptive fuzzy kernel (LSSVM-SFK) is proposed to extract best map pattern from input data. A new modified HBMO is introduced to optimally set LSSVM-SFK variables such as bias, weight, etc. To improve the performances of HBMO, two modifications are proposed that has high stability in HBMO. Suggested forecasting algorithm is examined on electricity markets that has acceptable efficiency than other models.
Bioclimatic and anthropogenic variables shape the occurrence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis over a large latitudinal gradient
Authors: Alvarado-Rybak Mario , Lepe-Lopez Manuel , Peñafiel-Ricaurte Alexandra , Valenzuela-Sánchez Andrés , Valdivia Catalina , Mardones Fernando O. , Bacigalupe Leonardo D. , Puschendorf Robert , Cunningham Andrew A. , Azat Claudio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAmphibian chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungusBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis(Bd), has caused the greatest known loss of biodiversity due to an infectious disease. We usedBdinfection data from quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays of amphibian skin swabs collected across Chile during 2008–2018 to modelBdoccurrence with the aim to determine bioclimatic and anthropogenic variables associated withBdinfection. Also, we usedBdpresence/absence records to identify geographicalBdhigh-risk areas and compareBdprevalence and infection loads between amphibian families, ecoregions, and host ecology. Data comprised 4155Bd-specific qPCR assays from 162 locations across a latitudinal gradient of 3700 km (18º to 51ºS). Results showed a significant clustering ofBdassociated with urban centres and anthropogenically highly disturbed ecosystems in central-south Chile. BothBdprevalence andBdinfection loads were higher in aquatic than terrestrial amphibian species. Our model indicated positive associations ofBdprevalence with altitude, temperature, precipitation and human-modified landscapes. Also, we found that macroscale drivers, such as land use change and climate, shape the occurrence ofBdat the landscape level. Our study provides with new evidence that can improve the effectiveness of strategies to mitigate biodiversity loss due to amphibian chytridiomycosis.
AEG-1 silencing attenuates M2-polarization of glioma-associated microglia/macrophages and sensitizes glioma cells to temozolomide
Authors: Li Jing , Sun Yuchen , Sun Xuanzi , Zhao Xu , Ma Yuan , Wang Yuzhu , Zhang Xiaozhi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGlioma is the most frequent primary malignancy in the brain; temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent used to combat this tumor. We showed here that astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) was overexpressed in glioma tissues and associated with a worse subtype and a poor prognosis. CCK-8 proliferation assays and clone formation experiments presented that AEG-1 knockdown sensitizes glioma cells to TMZ. The γH2AX foci formation assays indicated that AEG-1 silencing promotes TMZ-induced DNA damage in glioma cells. Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs), the largest subpopulation infiltrating glioma, play important roles in the tumor microenvironment. Bioinformatics analyses and functional studies demonstrated that AEG-1 silencing decreased M2-polarization of HMC3 microglia and the secretion of tumor supportive cytokines IL-6 and TGF-β1. The expression of AEG-1 was positively associated with M2 markers in glioma tissues varified by IHC staining. Based on the results of Affymetrix microarray and GSEA analyses, Western blot and Co-Immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to show that AEG-1 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling by directly interacting with GSK-3β. The co-localization of AEG-1 and GSK-3β in the cytoplasm of glioma cells was detected through immunofluorescence staining. This study raises the possibility that targeting AEG-1 might improve the efficiency of chemotherapy and reduce immunosuppressive M2 GAMs in glioma.
Variability of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and I in asymptomatic patients receiving hemodialysis
Authors: Wongcharoen Wanwarang , Chombandit Teetad , Phrommintikul Arintaya , Noppakun Kajohnsak 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVariation of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and T (hs-cTn) during hemodialysis has been observed. Observational studies demonstrated the increased incidence of adverse cardiovascular events after long compared to short interdialytic intervals. Therefore, we aimed to compare variation of hs-cTnI and hs-cTnT before and after hemodialysis and between short and long interdialytic intervals. We enrolled 200 asymptomatic patients receiving regular hemodialysis. The hs-cTnI and hs-cTnT levels were measured before and after hemodialysis on the day after short and long interdialytic intervals. Mean age was 62.3 ± 14.8 years (Male 55.5%). Prevalence of increased hs-cTnI and hs-cTnT was 34.5% and 99.0%, respectively. The median ± interquartile range of hs-cTnT increased significantly after hemodialysis during short and long interdialytic intervals. However, hs-cTnI level did not increase after hemodialysis during short and long intervals. We found that levels of hs-cTnI and T did not differ between short interdialytic and long interdialytic intervals. We demonstrated higher prevalence of elevated hs-cTnT in patients with regular hemodialysis compared to hs-cTnI. The rise of hs-cTnT was observed immediately after hemodialysis but no significant change of hs-cTnI was noted. Accordingly, hs-cTnI may be preferable as a diagnostic marker in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction than hs-cTnT.
Temporal analysis shows relaxed genetic erosion following improved stocking practices in a subarctic transnational brown trout population
Authors: Klütsch Cornelya F. C. , Maduna Simo N. , Polikarpova Natalia , Forfang Kristin , Beddari Benedicte , Gjelland Karl Øystein , Aspholm Paul Eric , Amundsen Per-Arne , Hagen Snorre B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMaintaining standing genetic variation is a challenge in human-dominated landscapes. We used genetic (i.e., 16 short tandem repeats) and morphological (i.e., length and weight) measurements of 593 contemporary and historical brown trout (Salmo trutta) samples to study fine-scale and short-term impacts of different management practices. These had changed from traditional breeding practices, using the same broodstock for several years, to modern breeding practices, including annual broodstock replacement, in the transnational subarctic Pasvik River. Using population genetic structure analyses (i.e., Bayesian assignment tests, DAPCs, and PCAs), four historical genetic clusters (E2001A-D), likely representing family lineages resulting from different crosses, were found in zone E. These groups were characterized by consistently lower genetic diversity, higher within-group relatedness, lower effective population size, and significantly smaller body size than contemporary stocked (E2001E) and wild fish (E2001F). However, even current breeding practices are insufficient to prevent genetic diversity loss and morphological changes as demonstrated by on average smaller body sizes and recent genetic bottleneck signatures in the modern breeding stock compared to wild fish. Conservation management must evaluate breeding protocols for stocking programs and assess if these can preserve remaining natural genetic diversity and morphology in brown trout for long-term preservation of freshwater fauna.
Protocatechuic acid attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy via downregulation of ROCK1–Sp1–PKCγ axis
Authors: Bai Liyan , Kee Hae Jin , Han Xiongyi , Zhao Tingwei , Kee Seung-Jung , Jeong Myung Ho 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response of the myocardium to pressure overload or adrenergic agonists. Here, we investigated the protective effects and the regulatory mechanism of protocatechuic acid, a phenolic compound, using a mouse model of isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Our results demonstrated that protocatechuic acid treatment significantly downregulated the expression of cardiac hypertrophic markers (Nppa, Nppb, and Myh7), cardiomyocyte size, heart weight to body weight ratio, cross-sectional area, and thickness of left ventricular septum and posterior wall. This treatment also reduced the expression of isoproterenol-induced ROCK1, Sp1, and PKCγ both in vivo and in vitro. To investigate the mechanism, we performed knockdown and overexpression experiments. The knockdown of ROCK1, Sp1, or PKCγ decreased the isoproterenol-induced cell area and the expression of hypertrophic markers, while the overexpression of Sp1 or PKCγ increased the levels of hypertrophic markers. Protocatechuic acid treatment reversed these effects. Interestingly, the overexpression of Sp1 increased cell area and induced PKCγ expression. Furthermore, experiments using transcription inhibitor actinomycin D showed that ROCK1 and Sp1 suppression by protocatechuic acid was not regulated at the transcriptional level. Our results indicate that protocatechuic acid acts via the ROCK1/Sp1/PKCγ axis and therefore has promising therapeutic potential as a treatment for cardiac hypertrophy.
Tumor location and type affect local recurrence and joint damage in tenosynovial giant cell tumor: a multi-center study
Authors: Ota Takehiro , Nishida Yoshihiro , Ikuta Kunihiro , Tsukushi Satoshi , Yamada Kenji , Kozawa Eiji , Urakawa Hiroshi , Imagama Shiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOsteochondral destruction and a high recurrence rate after surgery are major concerns that make difficult the treatment course of tenosynovial giant cell tumor. The aims of this study were to elucidate rates of postoperative local recurrence and osteochondral destruction, as correlated with various demographic factors. Eighty surgically treated patients with intra-articular tumors (knee: 49, ankle and foot: 12, hip: 10, others: 9) were included in this study. Factors including age, disease type (diffuse/localized), location, existence of osteochondral destruction were correlated with local recurrence or development/progression of osteochondral destruction. The 5-year local recurrence free survival rate was 71.4%. Diffuse type (n = 59, localized: n = 21) (P = 0.023) and knee location (P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for local recurrence. Diffuse type (P = 0.009) was a significant risk factor, and knee location (P = 0.001) was a negative factor for osteochondral destruction at the initial examination. Progression of osteochondral destruction was observed more often in cases with local recurrence (P = 0.040) and findings of osteochondral destruction at the initial examination (P = 0.029). Diffuse type is a factor that should be noted for both local recurrence and osteochondral destruction, while local recurrence occurs but osteochondral destruction is less observed in the knee.