bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of the structure of pyromellitic acid on the luminescence intensity of graphene oxide/rare earth complexes hybrid materials
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxiong , zhang wenjun , Dong Hui , Liu Qianqian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The development of graphene oxide/rare earth complexes luminescent materials is limited due to the strong quenching ability of graphene oxide. However, the hybrid materials with pyromellitic acid (PMA) as ligand not only have better performance, but also have stronger luminescence intensity. Herein we tested the effect of the carboxylic acid structure of PMA on the luminescence intensity of graphene oxide/rare earth complexes hybrid materials. Phthalic acid (PA), Isophthalic acid (i-PA) and Terephthalic acid (p-PA) are selected as test ligand, representing the o-position, meta-position and para-position effects of PMA. By comparing the luminescence intensity, we found that o-position effect is helpful for the ligand to sensitize rare earth ions, and meta-position and para-position effects are helpful for the graphene oxide sheets (GOSs) to improve the luminescence intensity of hybrid materials and inhibit the quenching effect of the GOSs. Furthermore, we speculate on the relationship between the distance of π-π stacking of GOSs and rare earth complexes and luminescence intensity of hybrid materials. This work provides an important reference for the design of graphene oxide/rare-earth aromatic carboxylic acid hybrid luminescent materials.
Riverine barriers to gene flow in a salamander with both aquatic and terrestrial reproduction
Authors: Vázquez Clara Figueiredo , Lourenço André , Velo-Anton Guillermo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The riverine barrier hypothesis (RBH) posits that rivers comprise geographical barriers to gene flow for terrestrial organisms, thus promoting genetic differentiation between populations. Here, we explored the RBH on larviparous and pueriparous populations of the live-bearing fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra). While larviparous fire salamanders exhibit a semi-aquatic life cycle (females deposit pre-metamorphic larvae on water), pueriparous salamanders present a fully terrestrial life cycle (females deliver terrestrial juveniles) and, therefore, a greater independence from water for survival and reproduction. We performed a fine-scale sampling of opposite transects in 11 rivers (six and five for larviparous and pueriparous populations, respectively) to test the hypothesis that rivers are more effective barriers for pueriparous salamanders due to their fully terrestrial life cycle. We carried out individual- and population-based genetic analyses using 14 microsatellites and a mitochondrial marker to examine the extent to which rivers hinder short- and long-term gene flow. We found that rivers are semi-permeable obstacles for both larviparous and pueriparous populations, although they appear to be more effective barriers for the latter when rivers with similar attributes are compared. We also found that river width and possibly the presence of crossing structures may influence the genetic barrier effects of rivers in fire salamanders. This is one of the very few studies in amphibians showing how different reproductive strategies influence the barrier effects imposed by rivers.
A comparative study on a complex URM building. Part II: issues on modelling and seismic analysis through continuum and discrete-macroelement models
Authors: Castellazzi Giovanni , Pantò Bartolomeo , Occhipinti Giuseppe , Talledo Diego Alejandro , Berto Luisa , Camata Guido 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the comparison of the results obtained on a masonry building by nonlinear static analysis using different software operating in the field of continuum and discrete-macroelement modeling. The structure is inspired by an actual building, the "P. Capuzi" school in Visso (Macerata, Italy), seriously damaged following the seismic events that affected Central Italy from August 2016 to January 2017. The activity described is part of a wider research program carried out by various units involved in the ReLUIS 2017/2108 - Masonry Structures project and having as its object the analysis of benchmark structures for the evaluation of the reliability of software packages. The comparison of analysis was carried out in relation to: global parameters (concerning the dynamic properties, capacity curves and equivalent bilinear curves), synthetic parameters of structural safety (such as, for example, the maximum acceleration compatible with the life safety limit state) and the response in terms of simulated damage. The results allow for some insights on the use of continuum and discrete-macroelement modeling, with respect to the dispersion of the results and on the potential repercussions in the professional field. This response was also analyzed considering different approaches for the application of loads. URM building.
Substituent effects and Mechanism Studies in CO2 Transformation to Benzoxazinone Derivatives as Worthwhile N-containing Heterocycles: insight from DFT simulation
Authors: Izadyar Mohammad , Sabet-Sarvestani Hossein , Eshghi Hossein 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Investigation of CO2 transformation into value-added organic molecules is an interesting purpose in scientific communities. Here, the substitute effect exploration in CO2 incorporation reaction toward benzoxazinones formation, as a bioactive heterocyclic compound, is the main studied issue. A profound understanding of the substituent effect is helpful toward the investigation of the kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of the reaction. The substituted arynes, an imine compound, and atmospheric CO2 have been reported as the starting reactants. The substituted functional groups show substantial consequences on the studied mechanisms. The obtained results show that mechanism A, in which the imine compound is added as a nucleophile to arynes, is the most probable mechanism. The Energetic Span Model (ESM) was used in the kinetic studies, which indicates the turnover-frequency determining intermediate (TDI) and turnover-frequency determining transition state (TDTS) in the reaction progress. Also, Electron localization function (ELF) analyses reveal that the electron density of a developing monosynaptic basin on the carbon atom (V(C)) at the transition state shows a good linear correlation with the calculated energy values of TDTS. Electron-withdrawing and electron-releasing characters of the substituents have the main effects on the electron density of the developing basin at the transition states which change the TDTS energies.
Band Gap Tailoring, Size Modulation and Photoluminescence Properties of Mn/Cu doped ZnS&nbsp;Nanostructures
Authors: Binu P.J. , Muthukumaran S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
ZnS, Mn added ZnS (Zn0.97Mn0.03S) and Mn, Cu dual doped ZnS (Zn0.95Mn0.03Cu0.02S) QDs have been prepared using co-precipitation technique. The influence of Mn and Cu addition on the morphology, structure and photoluminescence properties of Mn/Cu incorporated ZnS have been examined. Cubic structure of the synthesized samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns. The incorporation of Cu in Zn-Mn-S lattice not only decreased the particle/grain size and also generates more defect based luminescent activation centres. The reduced energy gap by Mn addition was explained by sp-d exchange interaction and the elevated energy gap in Cu, Mn dual doped ZnS was expalined by Burstein–Moss effect. The tuning phenomenon of size as well as the energy gap in ZnS by Mn/Cu addition promote these materials for nano-electronic applications. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of Mn/Cr-Zn-S bondings. The substitution of Mn /Cu provides an effective control over tuning of different emission colours which signifies their applications like light emitting diodes.
Auto-combustion Fabrication and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Degradation of Reactive Red 195 and Methyl Orange Dyes
Authors: Abdelrazik Ayman Awad Ali , Ahmed Ibrahim S. , Amin Alaa S. , Gneidy Mai M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A new preparation method has been successfully utilized for the fabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles using the auto-combustion method and fuels (tartaric acid: TA and citric acid: CA) with molar ratio (Zn:TA:CA=1:1:0, 1:0:0.55 and 1:0.5:0.275). The as-fabricated ZTA, ZCA and ZCTA samples annealed at 500 oC for two hours. The calcined zinc oxide nanoparticles were investigated by various tools such as XRD, DRS, FT-IR, and HR-TEM. The average crystallite size of the fabricated zinc oxide was determined to be 24-39 nm. The direct band gap, lattice parameters, unit cell volume (V), the dislocation density (D) and the Zn-O bond length (L) of the synthesized ZTA, ZCA and ZCTA samples were determined. The synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles are used as nanocatalyst for photodegradation of reactive red 195 and methyl orange dyes under UV light irradiation. The degradation of reactive red 195 dye was 91-94 % after 70 min over the synthesized zinc oxide and the values of degradation increased to be 99-99.8 % in 50 min with H2O2 under UV light irradiation. Also, the degradation of methyl orange dye was 57.55-70.57 % after 300 min over the synthesized zinc oxide (ZTA, ZCA and ZCTA samples) and the values of degradation increased to be 81-95 % in 70 min with H2O2 under UV light irradiation. Finally, the appeared rate constant (Kapp) is determined and the mechanism of the photocatalysis process is suggested for the degradation of the dyes over the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Annihilation of clamor and unfortunate vibrations in liquidizer processor utilizing BLDC motor and piezoelectric material
Authors: MANIVASAGAM R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Commotion is associate irritating style of contamination. It makes our ear shut to another sound apart from that of the liquidizer processor engine that is used transcendentally in our family units. BLDC Motor are often utilized for liquidizer processor with most extreme productivity and commotion decrease contrasted with this Universal Motor. The BLDC engine aboard a electricity electrical device material diminishes vital commotion and the electricity delivered by electricity material is likewise accustomed charge electric battery that decreases the force utilization from the first supply.
Green Fabrication of Thermal-stable oxidized Cellulose Nanocrystals by Evolutive Fenton Reaction and In-Situ Nanoreinforced Thermoplastic Starch
Authors: Gao Bingbing , Yang Jiahui , Zhang Shuidong , Li Xiangyu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
High performances fiber and improved interfacial interaction can enhance the properties of polymer composites. Herein, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was oxidized by H2O2/CuSO4, a new Fenton process, to achieve oxidized MCC (OCNCs) with 16 ± 1% carboxyl content. Noteworthy, the thermal stability of OCNC was superior to CNC prepared by acid hydrolysis. Interestingly, the primary alcohol groups of MCC were selective oxidized and OCNCs achieved 11.0 nm, 231.6 nm and 72% of average diameter, length and degree of crystallinity, respectively. Then glycerol, starch and OCNCs were reactive extruded to fabricate TPS/OCNC bionanocomposites and their structure and performances were evaluated systematically. Strikingly, significant improvement in glass transition temperature (from 63.1 to 94.5 °C) and notch impact strength (from 1.3 to 3.9 kJ/m2) were noted for the amorphous TPS/OCNC with 1 wt% OCNC, and its tensile strength achieved 20.5 MPa, simultaneously. The improved mechanism of these performances was assigned to In-Situ forming “Carboxyl-Hydroxyl” hydrogen bonds which acted as the physically cross-linking interactions and improved the interfacial compatibility. We showcase Fenton reaction and reactive extrusion as the facile strategy to prepare sustainable and biodegradable TPS/OCNC bionanocomposites with properties more suitable for daily applications to replace petroleum-based plastic and eliminated the pollution of “microplastics.”
The Protective Role of Coenzyme Q10 in Metallothionein-3 Expression in Liver and Kidney Upon Rats’ Exposure to Lead Acetate
Authors: Mazandaran Ardeshir Afshar , Khodarahmi Parvin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Metallothionein-3 (MT3) is an antioxidant protein that alters after exposure to heavy metals. In this study, we investigated the hepatic and renal expression of MT3 gene following exposure to lead acetate (PbAc) alone and PbAc plus CoQ10 as an adjuvant antioxidant. Twenty-four rats were allocated into three groups, including control, PbAc (free access to drinking water contaminated with PbAc at 1g/100ml), and PbAc plus CoQ10 (10 mg/kg/day Oral). After 28 consecutive days of treatment, the mRNA expression of MT3 and Cyt-c genes and MT3 protein levels were assessed using real-time PCR and immunosorbent assay. The serum lipid profile was also monitored in the three groups. PbAc exposure significantly reduced the hepatic and renal MT3 mRNA and protein expression compared to the control group. This reduction was significantly increased with addition of CoQ10 to levels near those of the control group. The hepatic and renal expression of Cyt-c mRNA increased after treatment with PbAc, while such effect was reversed after addition of CoQ10. Alteration in lipid profile including increased cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels were observed after PbAc exposure which were counteracted by CoQ10. Our results confirm the cytotoxic effects of acute lead exposure manifested as changes in the serum lipid profile and cellular levels of Cyt-c mRNA. These cytotoxic effects may have been caused by decreased MT3 gene expression and be reduced by the protective role of CoQ10.
The role of mental health symptomology and quality of life in predicting referrals to special child and adolescent mental health services
Authors: Yoon Yeosun and , Deighton Jessica , Wickersham Alice , Edbrooke-Childs Julian , Osborn David , Viding Essi , Downs Johnny 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundChildren and adolescents’ mental health problems have been largely assessed with conventional symptom scales, for example, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) given that it is one of the mostly widely used measures in specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). However, this emphasis on symptom scales might have missed some important features of the mental health challenges that children and young people experience including day to day functioning and life satisfaction aspect (i.e. qualify of life).MethodThe study examined longitudinal association between a young person’s self-perceptions of quality of life and mental health difficulties and referral to specialist CAMHS service using a population cohort study (Targeted Mental Health in Schools service data) nested within a large-scale linkage between school (National Pupil Data base) and child mental health service administrative data (South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust children and adolescent mental health services health records). Cox proportional hazard regression to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for the association between participant psychopathology, and incidence of CAMHS referral.ResultsPupils experiencing more behavioural difficulties, had an increased incidence of CAMHS referral (adjusted hazard ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 1.0-1.2). However, pupils who reported higher health related quality of life had a lower incidence of CAMHS referral over the follow-up period (adjusted hazard ratio 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.9–0.98).ConclusionChildren and young people’s perception of their quality of life should be considered at the stages of a clinical needs assessment.
Prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among blood donors in Northern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape, and Free State provinces of South Africa in January 2021.
Authors: Sykes Wendy , Mhlanga Laurette , Swanevelder Ronel , Glatt Tanya Nadia , Grebe Eduard , Coleman Charl , Pieterson Nadia , Cable Russell , Welte Alex , Berg Karin van den , Vermeulen Marion 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Population-level estimates of prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity (seroprevalence) is a crucial epidemiological indicator for tracking the Covid-19 epidemic. Such data are in short supply, both internationally and in South Africa. The South African blood services (the South African National Blood Service, SANBS and the Western Cape Blood Service, WCBS) are coordinating a nationally representative survey of blood donors, which it is hoped can become a cost-effective surveillance method with validity for community-level seroprevalence estimation.Methods: Leveraging existing arrangements, SANBS human research ethics committee permission was obtained to test blood donations collected on predefined days (7th, 10th ,12th ,15th ,20th ,23th and 25th January) for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, using the Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay on the cobas e411 platform currently available in the blood services’ donation testing laboratories. Using standard methods, prevalence analysis was done by province, age and race, allowing age to be regarded as either a continuous or categorical variable. Testing was performed in the Eastern Cape (EC), Free State (FS), KwaZulu Natal (ZN) and Northern Cape (NC) provinces.Results: We report on data from 4858 donors - 1457 in EC; 463 in NC; 831 in FS and 2107 in ZN. Prevalence varied substantially across race groups and between provinces, with seroprevalence among Black donors consistently several times higher than among White donors, and the other main population groups (Coloured and Asian) not consistently represented in all provinces. There is no clear evidence that seroprevalence among donors varies by age. Weighted net estimates of prevalence (in the core age range 15-69) by province (compared with official clinically-confirmed COVID-19 case rates in mid-January 2021) are: EC-63%(2.8%), NC-32%(2.2%), FS-46%(2.4%), and ZN-52%(2.4%).Conclusions: Our study demonstrates substantial differences in dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 infection between different race groups, most likely explained by historically based differences in socio-economic status and housing conditions. As has been seen in other areas, even such high seroprevalence does not guarantee population-level immunity against new outbreaks – probably due to viral evolution and waning of antibody neutralization. Despite its limitations, notably a ‘healthy donor’ effect, it seems plausible that these estimates are reasonably generalisable to actual population level anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence, but should be further verified.
Size Doesn’t Matter, Performance Does: Assessing Micro-Ribonucleic&nbsp;Acids as Potent Cardio-Specific Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Wulandari Prima Hapsari 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The severe and acute manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD) is acute coronary syndrome (ACS); therefore, prompt diagnosis can save lives. Cardiac biomarkers that are accepted to use in evaluating ACS are creatine kinase muscle/brain subtype (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (CTnI), or cardiac troponin T (CTnT). However, these markers have several drawbacks, such as prolonged time to rise for prompt diagnosis and elevation in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Lately, potential, novel candidates for cardiac ischemia biomarkers have been developed, one of which is micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs). miRNAs are potential due to their remarkable reproducibility and stability. Several miRNAs, such as, miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-208a, miR-208b, and miR-499a, greatly rise in concentration in the plasma or serum of patients with acute cardiac ischemia, signifying their cardiac specificity and promising biomarkers in patients with ACS. This systematic review aims to elucidate the role of cardio-specific miRNA in acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) and its relationship with other cardiac biomarkers.
A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol examining the clinical characteristics and epidemiological features of olfactory dysfunction (OD) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Tan Rosemond Qian-Xiu , Li Wai Tak Victor , Shum Wing-Zi , Chu Sheung Chit , Li Hang-Long , Shea Yat-Fung , Chung Tom Wai-Hin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused recurring and major outbreaks in multiple human populations around the world. The plethora of clinical presentations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been described extensively, of which olfactory dysfunction (OD) was established as an important and common extrapulmonary manifestation of COVID-19 infection. The aim of this protocol is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on peer-reviewed articles which described clinical data of OD in COVID-19 patients. Methods This research protocol has been prospectively registered with the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42020196202). CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Central, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PubMed, as well as Chinese medical databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP and WANFANG will be searched using keywords including “COVID-19”, “coronavirus disease”, “2019-nCoV”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “novel coronavirus”, “anosmia”, “hyposmia”, “loss of smell”, and “olfactory dysfunction”. Systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. Articles will be screened according to pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria to extract studies that include new clinical data investigating the effect of COVID-19 on olfactory dysfunction. Included articles will be reviewed in full; data including patient demographics, clinical characteristics of COVID-19-related OD, methods of olfactory assessment, and relevant clinical outcomes will be extracted. Statistical analyses will be performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3. Discussion This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol will aim to collate and synthesise all available clinical evidence regarding COVID-19-related OD as an important neurosensory dysfunction of COVID-19 infection. A comprehensive search strategy and screening process will be conducted to incorporate broad clinical data for robust statistical analyses and representation. The outcome of the systematic review and meta-analysis will aim to improve our understanding of the symptomatology and clinical characteristics of COVID-19-related OD and identify knowledge gaps in its disease process, which will guide future research in this specific neurosensory defect.Systematic Review registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020196202