bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost Comparison from a Patient Perspective for Intracranial Stereotactic Radiation Therapy
Authors: Prasad Rahul N. , Yildiz Vedat O , Patel Tejash , Royce Trevor J. , Palmer Joshua David 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
IntroductionFinancial toxicity is a damaging consequence of oncologic therapy addressable through improved price transparency. The US government recently mandated that hospitals publish a “chargemaster,” or list of “standard charges” for provided services. Patients often travel to tertiary centers for intracranial stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT), but cost comparison is complicated by multiple delivery systems and fractionation schemes. We hypothesized that publicly listed prices vary widely between comparable SRT modalities and by institution.MethodsThrough online query, we obtained chargemasters for clinical National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated centers. Technical charges for Gamma Knife (GK), single fraction linear-accelerator stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), and 3-fraction fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (FSRT) were obtained by billing code and keyword searches. Prices were adjusted by the Medicare geographic cost price index (GPCI). Pairwise comparisons were conducted to compare prices between modalities and geographic regions. Price association between modalities and relationships with cost index were examined using Spearman correlations.Results62 chargemasters were obtained, and 58 listed SRT prices. Median prices varied widely (GK-$49,529; FSRT-$31,834; SRS-$22,915) with large interquartile ranges. Adjusting for GPCI, GK (p = .0003) and FSRT (p = .001) were significantly more expensive than SRS, and no difference in price was noted between regions. FSRT price was positively correlated with GPCI (p = .033) but other modalities were not. Modality prices were positively correlated (all p < .001).ConclusionsPublished prices for SRT vary by delivery system, fractionation, and by institution. Differences are poorly explained by variable cost of living. These inefficiencies expose patients already at high risk for financial toxicity to unnecessary costs.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Process Parameters in TIG-MIG Welded AISI 1008 Steel For Improved Structural Integrity
Authors: ABIMA CYNTHIA SAMUEL , AKINLABI STEPHEN AKINWALE , Madushele Nkosinathi , FATOBA Olawale Samuel , AKINLABI ESTHER TITILAYO 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study investigates a parametric multi-objective optimization of the Tungsten Inert Gas-Metal Inert Gas (TIG-MIG) hybrid welding of AISI 1008 mild steel joints. A combined grey relational system theory and the Taguchi method was used for process optimization towards achieving a set of process parameter that maximizes both ultimate tensile strength and 0.2% yield strength for structural applications. An L-9 orthogonal array based on the Taguchi method was adopted for the experimental design matrix. Grey relational grading system was used to establish a single grade for the responses. Mathematical models for first and second-order regression were developed and optimum process parameters combination that optimizes the response were obtained. From the results, the gas flow rate had the most significant influence on the responses with a percentage contribution of 39.77%. Also, the second-order regression models had a higher coefficient of determination (R2) compared to the first-order regression for the two responses and thus, represents the best fit for the process. The grey relational grade was improved by 0.0489 through process optimization. The interactive effects of process parameters and their effects on the responses are also illustrated by response surface plots. This study shows the effectiveness of the grey relational grading system in achieving a multi-objective optimization for the TIG-MIG welding process.
New Oxidovanadium(IV) Mixed Ligand Complexes: Antidibetic, Anticancer activities and Cytotoxicity Study Using MTT Assay
Authors: Gayakwad Sonaji , Wankhede Dnyaneshwar , Ragole Vikas , Maulage Satish 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Five new (HQ-1 to HQ-5) oxidovanadium(IV) mixed ligand complexes using 8-hydroxyquinoline as primary ligand and amino acids like L-cystein, L-alanine, L-phenylalanine, L-threonine and L-serine as secondary ligands in 1:1:1 ratio were synthesized. All the complexes were characterized using various characterization techniques such as elemental analysis, IR, electronic, mass spectra, thermal (TGA/DTA) and powder XRD analysis, molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Based on the results obtained all the complexes were proposed to have square pyramidal geometry. All the complexes were screened for their antibacterial activities against E. coli and antifungal activities against C. albicans. In vitro antidibetic activities of all the complexes were studied by screening them for a-amylase inhibition activities. The complexes HQ-4 and HQ-5 were also screened for their anticancer activities against human cancer cells HepG2 using MTT assay.
Multimodal Imaging of the Distal Interphalangeal-joint Synovio-entheseal Complex in Psoriatic Arthritis (MIDAS): a Cross-sectional Study on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Different Imaging Modalities Comparing Psoriatic Arthritis to Psoriasis and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Guldberg-Møller Jørgen , Mogensen Mette , Ellegaard Karen , Zavareh Ali , Wakefield Richard J. , Tan Ai Lyn , Boesen Mikael , Dehmeshki Jamshid , Kubassova Olga , Dreyer Lene , Henriksen Marius , Kristensen Lars Erik 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNo gold-standard diagnostic test for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) exists. The diagnosis relies on different patterns of symptom involvement which can mimic other arthritides such as hand osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to investigate if ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-Ray applied to the distal interphalangeal (DIP)-joint and synovio-entheseal complex (SEC) can be used to discriminate between patients with PsA, skin psoriasis (PsO) and OA.MethodsIn this prospective, cross-sectional study, patients with DIP-joint PsA and nail involvement (n=50), PsO with nail involvement (n=12); and OA (n=13); were consecutively recruited. Risk ratios (RR) and odds ratios were calculated for US, MRI and X-ray findings of the DIP-joint and SEC between diagnoses.ResultsNew bone formation (NBF) assessed by US and MRI was a hallmark of OA, reducing the risk of having PsA (RR 0.52 (CI95% 0.43 to 0.63) and 0.64 (CI95% 0.56 to 0.74). The OA group was different from PsA and PsO on all MRI semiquantitative and X-ray outcomes reflected in a much lower RR of having PsA; RR ranging from 0.20 (CI95% 0.13 to 0.31) for MRI bone marrow oedema to 0.85 (CI95% 0.80 to 0.90) in X-ray entheseal bone-change. No outcome in US, MRI or X-ray was associated with a higher risk of PsA versus PsO, although the damage grade was higher in PsA.ConclusionsThe differentiation between PsA, PsO, and OA using US, MRI and X-ray is possible based on the grade of structural disease involvement using semiquantitative OMERACT US scores, MRI PsAMRIS score and X-ray score. A high grade of US, MRI and X-ray NBF and MRI bone marrow oedema reduce the RR of having PsA compared to OA. In demarcating PsA from PsO patients, it is of significance if they present with X-ray enthesitis and a high degree of US erosions and NBF or MRI synovitis-, tenosynovitis-, erosion score or bone marrow oedema.
Licorice Extracts Inhibits growth of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Down-Regulating CDK4-Cyclin D1 Complex and Increasing CD8+ T Cell Infiltration
Authors: Huang Ruifei , Zhu Jinglin , Yang Ruijie , Xiao Yue , Yan Jiangna , Zheng Chunli , Xiao Wei , Huang Chao , Wang Yonghua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Targeting tumor microenvironment (TME) may provide therapeutic activity and selectivity in treating cancers. Therefore, an improved understanding of the mechanism by which drug targeting TME would enable more informed and effective treatment measures. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUF, licorice), a widely used herb medicine, which has shown promising immunomodulatory activity and anti-tumor activity. However, the molecular mechanism of this biological activity has not been fully elaborated.Methods: Here, potential active compounds and specific targets of licorice that trigger the antitumor immunity were predicted with a systems pharmacology strategy. Flow cytometry technique was used to detect cell cycle profile and CD8+ T cell infiltration of licorice treatment. And anti-tumor activity of licorice was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice.Results: We reported the G0/G1 growth phase cycle arrest of tumor cells induced by licorice that is related with the down-regulation of CDK4-Cyclin D1 complex, which subsequently led to increased protein abundance of PD-L1. Further, in vivo studies demonstrated that mitigation the outgrowth of NSCLC tumor induced by licorice was reliant on increased antigen presentation and improved CD8+ T cell infiltration.Conclusions: Briefly, our findings improved understanding of the anti-tumor effects of licorice with the systems pharmacology strategy, thereby promoting the development of natural products in the prevention or treatment of cancers.Trial registration: Not applicable
The effect of loop diuretics on 28-day mortality of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Hui , Gao Zhiwei , Liang Meihao , Qiu Haibo , Yang Yi , Liu Ling 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Diuretics have been widely used in critically ill patients while it remains uncertain whether it could reduce mortality of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The study aimed to investigate the association between diuretics and 28-day mortality of ARDS patients.Methods This is a secondary analysis of the NHLBI ARDS Network’s FACTT. Patients enrolled in FACTT who did not receive renal replacement therapy within the first 48 hours after enrollment were included. Marginal structural Cox model (MSCM) was used to investigate any association between diuretics and 28-day mortality after correction of both baseline and time-fixed variables. Latent class model (LCA) and subgroup analysis were performed to detect which kind of patents could benefit from diuretics.Results In total, 932 patients were enrolled including 558 in the diuretics group and 374 in the no diuretics group within the first 48 hours. The 28-day mortality was lower in the diuretics group (15.1% vs. 28.1%, p < 0.001). MSCM revealed that diuretics use was related to an improved 28-day mortality (HR 0.78; 95%CI 0.62–0.99; p = 0.04). LCA identified three subtypes, and diuretics were associated with reduced mortality in subtype3, which were characterized by worse renal function and higher CVP. Subgroup analysis indicated survival advantage among patients who are female, sepsis induced ARDS, and those with PaO2/FiO2 < = 150 mmHg, MAP > = 65 mmHg.Conclusion Loop diuretics are associated with reduced 28-day mortality of ARDS patients, after controlling for time-varying confounders. Randomized trials are required to verify the results.
Evaluating Two Respiratory Correction Methods for Abdominal PET/MRI Imaging
Authors: Ruan Weiwei , Liu Fang , Sun Xun , Hu Fan , Wu Tingfan , Zhang Yongxue , Lan Xiaoli 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: To evaluate two respiratory correction methods for abdominal PET/MRI images, further to analyse the effects on standard uptake values (SUVs) of respiratory motion correction. 17 patients with 25 abdominal lesions on 18F-FDG PET/CT were scanned with PET/MRI. PET images were reconstructed using end-expiratory respiratory gating and multi-bin respiratory gating. Meanwhile, full data and the first 3 minutes and 20 seconds of data acquired both without respiratory gating were reconstructed for evaluation. Five parameters, including the SUVmax and SUVmean in the lesions, the SUVmean and standard deviation (SD) in the background, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were calculated, and used for statistical comparisons. The differences in multi-bin respiratory gating and reconstruction of full data, relative to the reconstruction of the first 3 minutes and 20 seconds of data acquired, were calculated. Results: Compared with PET/CT, the longer scanning time of abdominal PET/MRI makes respiratory motion correction necessary. The multi-bin respiratory gating correction could reduce the PET image blur and increase the SUVmax (11.98%) and SUVmean (13.12%) of the lesions significantly (p = 0.00), which was much more effective than end-expiratory respiratory gating for abdominal PET/MRI. There was no significant difference in the increase in SUVmax between multi-bin respiratory gating correction and associated count loss with the correction (p=0.39), which was rarely reported by previous studies.Conclusion: The multi-bin respiratory gating is proposed as the default reconstruction method for abdominal PET/MRI. However, the respiratory gating correction with the PET counts loss would induce the falsely improvement for SUVmax of lesions.
Physiotherapy Interventions Including Frequent Changes of the Body Position and Stimulation to Physical Activity for Infants Hospitalised with Bronchiolitis: A Feasibility Study of a Randomised Control Trial
Authors: Marforio Sonja Andersson , Josenby Annika Lundkvist , Hansen Christine , Hansson Eva Ekvall 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The effect of a treatment that includes frequent changes of the body position for infants with bronchiolitis has not been evaluated, although it is often used in Swedish hospitals. Because of this, a randomised control trial (RCT) has begun with the aim to evaluate this treatment, comparing the effect of an individualised physiotherapy intervention, a non-individualised intervention, and a control group receiving standard care. The objective of this internal pilot study was to address uncertainties concerning the ongoing RCT and to determine whether the trial is feasible or not, possibly with adjustments to the protocol.Methods: Descriptive analyses of the recruitment, retention, data supply for the primary end point and the usability of the primary outcome measure were performed. A safety analysis was conducted by an independent analysis group. Results: Ninety-one infants were included, 33 (36.3%), 28 (30.8%), and 30 (33.0%) in the respective allocation groups. Fifty-nine (64.8%) were boys. The median age was 2.5 (min-max: 0.2-23.7) months. They remained in the study for a median of 46 hours (min-max: 2-159). The recruitment rate was 19%. The data supply for the primary end point and for the primary outcome measure was lower than anticipated in the original sample size calculation. Difficulties concerning utilising the primary outcome measure were identified. The safety analysis detected no risks of harm related to participation in the study.Conclusions: It is feasible to continue the RCT with modifications of the analysis plan. Participation in the study was not associated with any safety risks.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03575091. Registered 2 July 2018. Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03575091?term=NCT03575091&rank=1
Low Dose DMSO Treatment Induces Oligomerization and Accelerates Aggregation of α-Synuclein
Authors: Reimer Lasse , Haikal Caroline , Gram Hjalte , Ruesink Harm , Baun Andreas , Gewering Theresa , Moeller Arne , Li Jia-Yi , Jensen Poul Henning 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a highly utilized small molecule that serves many purposes in scientific research. DMSO offers unique polar, aprotic and amphiphilic features, which makes it an ideal solvent for a wide variety of both polar and nonpolar molecules. Furthermore, DMSO is often used as a cryoprotectant in cell-based research. However, recent reports suggest that DMSO, even at low concentration, might interfere with important cellular processes, and cause macromolecular changes to proteins where a shift from α-helical to β-sheet structure can be observed. To investigate how DMSO might influence current research, we assessed biochemical and cellular impacts of DMSO treatment on the structure of the aggregation-prone protein α-synuclein, which plays a central role in the etiology of Parkinson’s disease, and other brain-related disorders, collectively termed the synucleinopathies. Here, we found that addition of DMSO increased the particle-size of α-synuclein, and accelerated the formation of seeding-potent fibrils in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, as evident through aggregation specific antibody recognition and a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay, cells exposed to DMSO experienced increased aggregation of α-synuclein. However, no observable α-synuclein abnormalities nor neuronal survival was affected by oral DMSO-treatment in either C57BL/6- or α-synuclein transgenic F28 mice. In summary, we demonstrate that low concentrations of DMSO makes 𝛼-synuclein susceptible to undergo aggregation both in vitro and in cells. This may affect experimental outcomes when studying α-synuclein in the presence of DMSO, and should call for careful consideration when such experiments are planned.
The LORIS MyeliNeuroGene Rare Disease Database for Natural History Studies and Clinical Trial Readiness
Authors: Spahr Aaron , Rosli Zaliqa , Legault Mélanie , Tran Luan , Fournier Simon , Toutounchi Helia , Darbelli Lama , Madjar Cecile , Lucia Cassandra , St-Jean Marie-Lou , Das Samir , Evans Alan Charles , Bernard Geneviève 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Rare diseases are estimated to affect 150-350 million people worldwide. With advances in next generation sequencing, the number of known disease-causing genes has increased significantly, opening the door for therapy development. Rare disease research has therefore pivoted from gene discovery to the exploration of potential therapies. With impending clinical trials on the horizon, researchers are in urgent need of natural history studies to help them identify surrogate markers, validate outcome measures, define historical control patients, and design therapeutic trials. Results: We customized a browser-accessible multi-modal (e.g. genetics, imaging, behavioral, patient-determined outcomes) database to increase cohort sizes, identify surrogate markers, and foster international collaborations. Ninety data entry forms were developed including family, perinatal, developmental history, clinical examinations and diagnostic investigations, neurological evaluations (i.e. spasticity, dystonia, ataxia, etc.), disability measures, parental stress, and quality of life. A customizable clinical letter generator was created to assist in continuity of patient care. Conclusions: Small cohorts and underpowered studies are a major challenge for rare disease research. This online, rare disease database will be accessible from all over the world, making it easier to share and disseminate data. We have outlined the methodology to become Title 21 Code of Federal Regulations Part 11 Compliant, which is a requirement to use electronic records as historical controls in clinical trials in the United States. Food and Drug Administration compliant databases will be life-changing for patients and families when historical control data is used for emerging clinical trials. Future work will leverage these tools to delineate the natural history of several rare diseases and we are confident that this database will be used on a larger scale to improve care for patients affected with rare diseases.
Cadmium (Cd) Reduction Bacteria From Northern Coast Sediment Indramayu, Indonesia
Authors: Ihsan Yudi , Pribadi Tri , Fellatami Kalysta 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the metals that contaminates Karangsong and has found several bacteria that can reduce cadmium (Cd). The purposes of this research are to obtain the type of bacteria and obtain an evolutionary relationship of cadmium (Cd) reduction bacteria from sediments in Karangsong Beach, Indramayu. The method used in this research is an exploratory method and the resulting data is analyzed descriptively. The molecular identification method uses 16S rRNA gene which is a universal primer for bacteria. The bacterial sequences obtained were analyzed with GenBank data from the NCBI website. The results showed that two bacterial isolates were identical to the Pseudoalteromonas issachenkonii strain KMM 3549 (Acc. No. NR 025139.1) with 77% identity value and 100% evolutionary relationship value and Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis GFC strain IAM 14160 (Acc. No. NR 041787.1) with identity values 97% and evolutionary value 99%.
2,7-Naphthyridine based colorimetric and fluorescent “Turn Off” chemosensors for selective detection of Ni(II) in aqueous media
Authors: Ashraf Abida , Islam Muhammad , Shafiq Zahid , Ahsan Muhammad Tayyeb , Yaqub Muhammad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A highly selective and sensitive 2,7-naphthyridine based colorimetric, reversible, pH independent and fluorescence “Turn Off” chemosensors (L1-L4) for detection of Ni2+ are being reported in aqueous media. The synthesized sensors are highly efficient in detecting Ni2+ even in the presence of other metal ions that commonly co-exist with nickel. The receptors (L1-L4) showed a distinct color change from yellow to red by addition of Ni2+ with spectral changes in bands at 535–550 nm. The detection limit of Ni2+ for (L1-L4) are in the range of 0.2–0.5 µM which is 2–5 times lower than the permissible value of Ni2+ (1.2 µM) in drinking water defined by EPA. The binding mode of interactions of L1-L4 for Ni2+ were found to be 2:1 through job’s plot and ESI-MS analysis. Moreover the receptors can be used to quantify Ni2+ in real water samples and formation of test strips by dip-stick method increases the practical applicability of Ni2+ test for “in-the-field” measurement of Ni2+. Importantly the sensing potential of these derivatives have been tuned by the nature of substituents i.e. electron donating (CH3) and electron attracting (F, OCF3), which showed that L4 is highly efficient in sensing of Ni2+ even at minute level.
Prevalence of Extensively Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in a Chinese Multidrug-resistant TB Cohort after Redefinition
Authors: Pang Yu , yao cong , guo ping hai , li qiang , zhang xia xu , shang yuan yuan , wang feng yu , xue tan zhong , wang lu , li liang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Recently, the definition of extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) has been revised. In this study, we conducted a descriptive study to determine the prevalence of XDR-TB in a Chinese multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) cohort. Methods: Broth microdilution method was performed to determine in vitro susceptibilities of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates to (FQs), bedaquiline (BDQ) and linezolid (LZD). The putative drug target genes conferring drug resistance were screened by DNA sequencing. Results: A total of 411 MDR-TB isolates were included from 13 pilots in China. LZD and BDQ resistance were noted in 30 (7.1%) and 10 (2.4%) isolates. On the basis of latest definitions, 114 (26.8%) were MDR-TB, 282 (66.4%) were pre-XDR-TB, and 29 (6.8%) were XDR-TB. Among 311 FQ-resistant isolates, 265 harbored genetic mutations within QRDRs. The most common mutations were observed at codon 94 of gyrA, accounting for 47.2% of FQ-resistant MTB isolates. Only mutations within Rv0678 gene were found to confer BDQ resistance in our cohort, conferring 40.0% of BDQ resistance. For LZD resistance, 53.3% of LZD-resistant isolates carried genetic mutations in rplC or 23S rRNA. The most frequent mutation was Cys154Arg in the rplC gene. In addition, we recorded two MDR-TB patients with resistant to both BDQ and LZD, of which one patient experienced continuous positive culture of MTB despite inclusion of efficacious moxifloxacin. Conclusion: our results demonstrate that the low prevalence of XDR-TB holds great promise for MDR-TB treatment with WHO-endorsed regimens containing BDQ-LZD combination, whereas the high prevalence of FQ-resistance in MDR-TB patients warrants national attention.