bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Konsumsi Tablet Fe Dengan Kejadian Konstipasi Pada Ibu Hamil Diwilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Pekanbaru
Authors: Hayati Susani 
Published: September 2021

Abstrak

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Perubahan hormonal yang drastis pada ibu hamil dengan peningkatan progesterone menyebabkan otot-otot relaksasi, sehingga menurunkan motilitas usus yang menyebabkan konstipasi. Salah satu factor yang dapat memicu konstipasi adalah konsumsi tablet fe secara rutin pada ibu hamil membuat feses menjadi hitam, keras dan kering. Tujuan penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi tablet fe dengan kejadian konstipasi pada ibu hamil trimester di wilayah kerja puskesmas payung sekaki Pekanbaru.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian analitik, menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 65 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria ibu hamil yang sudah memasuki trimeseter III. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara dan observasi buku KIA. Analisis univariate menghasilkan distribusi dan presentase dari tiap variabel sedangkan Analisis Bivariate untuk melihat pengaruh konsumsi tablet Fe dengan kejadian konstipasi dengan menngunakan uji statistic Chi-Square p< 0,005 dengan derajat kepercayaan (95%).
Hasil: Hasil uji statistik Chi-square menunjukkan nilai p value 0,002 < 0,05 dengan CI 95%, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kejadian konstipasi dengan konsumsi tablet Fe. Dimana pengaruh konsumsi tablet Fe meningkatkan kejadian konstipasi pada ibu hamil.
Simpulan: Ibu hamil yang rutin mengkonsumsi tablet Fe lebih cenderung mengalami konstipasi Sedangkan Ibu hamil yang tidak rutin mengkonsumsi tablet Fe cenderung tidak mengalami konstipasi.
Pengetahuan Lansia Tentang Posyandu Lansia Di Dusun Mandung Desa Sembung Gede Kecamatan Kerambitan Kabupaten Tabanan Tahun 2018
Authors: Febriyanti Ni Made Ari 
Published: September 2021

Background and objectives: Elderly is an aging process with increasing age of individuals which is marked by a decrease in the function of organs such as the brain, heart, liver and kidneys as well as an increase in loss of active body tissue in the form of body muscles. Posyandu for elderly is the center of community activities in the effort to provide health services for the elderly. This study aims to determine the knowledge of the elderly about the Elderly Posyandu in Mandung Hamlet, Sembung Gede Village, Kerambitan District, Tabanan Regency.
Methods: This study is a descriptive study with a cross sectional approach. The number of samples taken was 41 respondents with a purposive sampling approach technique. The instrument used in this study was filling out a questionnaire with 15 statements in accordance with the theoretical concept of knowledge to be measured. The analysis technique in this study uses univariate analysis where each variable will be described based on the percentage results.
Result: elderly knowledge about posyandu for elderly, most of the two respondents (67%) have less knowledge from basic education, most of the two respondents (67%) have less knowledge of 75-90 years old and all respondents, namely three (100%) have lack of knowledge to get information sources from electronic media.
Conclusion: Most of the elderly have less knowledge about posyandu for the elderly, most of the elderly have less knowledge of 75-90 years old and all of them have less knowledge of getting information sources from electronic media
ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION; COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRESENT AND FUTURE ASPECTS IN DISTRICT KHANEWAL
Authors: Rana HAA , Iftikhar M , Chaudhry KM , Usman M , Mazhar F 
Published: September 2021

Agricultural extension is the main driving force in technology transfer from researcher to the end users. But it is facing tremendous challenges due to lack of government interest and financial resources. The prominent issue of agricultural extension is to cover huge number of small farmers in scattered form. Information and Communication Technologies can play a vital role to resolve this issue. The present study was conducted in Tehsil Khanewal to evaluate the type of ICTs used by farmers and their contribution for the development of agricultural extension in future. Data were collected with the help of well-structured interview schedule from 234 farmers and collected data were statistically analyzed with the help of computer software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Higher variation was recorded which was ranging from (2.9%) to (66.6%) in case of ICTs as a source of agricultural information. The most prominent ICTs device used as a source of agricultural information was TV with exactly two third (66.6%) of the total respondents followed by mobile phone with slightly less than TV (63.6%). Use of Agri. websites and mobile Apps for agriculture consultancy were below bottom line with 4.7% and 2.9%, respectively. Mobile phone was on top ranking with weighted score=959 and mean value=4.12, as an effective tool for getting agricultural information in future. Agri. helpline was on the second number with weighted score=875 and mean value=3.74. It was suggested from our study that there is a need to create awareness among the farmers about the use of ICTs. Farmers must be educated by the extension staff about the use of internet and agriculture mobile apps for fetching the information and finding the solution of the problems which they face in fields.
PLACENTAL THICKNESS AND ITS CORRELATION TO GESTATIONAL AGE ESTIMATED BY FOETAL GROWTH PARAMETERS-A CROSS SECTIONAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC STUDY
Authors: Ahmad M , Anjum MN , Asif M , Ayub S , Muzaffar A , Mubeen I 
Published: September 2021

The placenta is a meterno-fetal organ and starts developing on the 5th week from chorionic villi at the implantation site. The placenta continues to increase in thickness and hence its thickness can be used to indicate the gestational age when the last menstruation date is not confirmed. The purpose of the study was to find out the correlation of placental thickness to the gestational age estimated by growth parameters of the fetus. The study was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted on 2000 participants. The study was conducted in the Department of Radiology Social Security Hospital, Multan Chungi Lahore. The inclusion-exclusion criteria were established and participants were observed using a Toshiba ultrasonography machine. The subjects were placed supine and placental thickness was measured to the accuracy of 1mm. Pearson’s correlation was applied to find out the correlation between placental thickness and gestational age of the participants. The mean age of the participants was 28.37 + 4.6. The youngest participant was age 18 and the eldest participant was age 40. The gestational age of the participants included ranged between 12th week to 40th week. Pearson’s correlation score indicated that the correlation value 0.896. Which indicated that the placental thickness and gestational age were strongly correlated? The P-value < 0.05 indicated that the results were significant. The study concluded a strong correlation between gestational age and placental thickness of the fetus. The thickness of the placenta increased with an increase in gestational age and hence could be used as a predictor and a parameter of gestational age prediction when the last menstruation is uncertain or is unknown.
MODEL OF DECOMPRESSION MELTING MECHANISM IN CONVECTIVE-UNSTABLE THERMAL LITHOSPHERE (FIRST APPROXIMATION)
Authors: Lunev B. V. , Lapkovsky V. V. 
Published: September 2021

We propose a model of decompression melting, separation, migration and freezing of the melt in the upper mantle during the convective instability process. The model takes into account differences between phase diagrams of the melt and the matrix and the resultant features of the melt’s behavior, without calculating reaction rates in a multicomponent medium. It is constructed under an explicit concept of the local thermodynamic equilibrium of the existing phases. Therefore, we further develop the first approximation of the descriptions of convection in the upper mantle and the formation of large epicontinental sedimentary basins, which have been presented in earlier publications. Our computational experiments show that primary melting of the upper mantle’s fertile material occurs intensively in a narrow frontal part of the ascending hot material flow. Then, the depleted and partially melted material rises farther upward from the front of primary melting. Melting of the depleted material continues at lower pressures in a rather wide range of depths (120–77 km). Further, the migrating melt is supplied by two sources, i.e. a deep-seated one, wherein the fertile material melts, and the medium-depth one, wherein melting of the depleted material takes place. Once the temperature and pressure rates of the melt reach the values corresponding to those of its solidus, a narrow freezing front is formed. Its width is almost similar to the primary melting front. As the ascending convective flow develops, the freezing front shifts upward. As a result, a quite thick (around 40–50 km) basalt-saturated layer occurs above the freezing front. An important observation in our modeling experiments is that, despite a considerably large total volume of the melted material, a one-time melt content in the mantle does not exceed tenths of one percent, when we consider averaging to volumes with a linear size of about 1.0 km. The basalt melt extraction depletes iron in the mantle and significantly reduces the mantle density. Considering the calculated basalt-depletion values for the matrix at 0.1–0.2, the density deficit doubles in comparison to the thermal expansion of the material. Logically, both the Rayleigh number and the intensity of convection also double (and this is confirmed by the calculations), which means that convection is enhanced after the melting start.Testing of the model shows that it gives a reasonable picture that is consistent with the available geological and geophysical data on the structure of the lithosphere underneath the currently developing epicontinental sedimentary basins. Furthermore, within the limits of its detail, this model is consistent with the results of modeling experiments focused on melting and melting dynamics, which are based on calculations of reactions between components of the mantle material.
Performance Evaluation of DBSKKV Developed Fruit harvesters for Matured Nutmeg Harvesting
Authors: Pachangane A. A. , Dhande K. G. , Nalawade V. S. 
Published: September 2021

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) is an important tree spice which produces two different spices. Harvesting should be done at proper stage of maturity in order to maintain their nutrients level as attaining desirable quality. Presently, the method adopted for harvesting nutmeg in Konkan region is done manually. The DBSKKV, Dapoli has developed four different fruit harvesters. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the field performance and check feasibility for harvesting of matured Nutmeg fruits with DBSKKV, Dapoli developed fruit harvesters. The performance of the DBSKKV developed fruit harvesters for matured Nutmeg fruit were evaluated in terms of harvesting capacity (kg/h), damage fruit per cent, total harvesting time (h), labour requirement and economics of Nutmeg harvesting. The average harvesting capacity of Naveen Mango harvester, Nutan Mango harvester, Atul Sapota harvester and Multi fruit harvester foe matured Nutmeg harvesting was found to be 51.33 Nos./h (2.79 kg/h), 61 Nos./h (2.78 kg/h), 51.33 Nos./h (2.92 kg/h) and 144.66 nos./h (5.63 kg/h) respectively. The average damage fruit per cent for Naveen Mango harvester, Nutan Mango harvester, Atul Sapota harvester and Multi fruit harvester for matured Nutmeg harvesting were found to be 25.73%, 25.79%, 17.02% and 7.76% respectively. The cost of operation of Naveen Mango harvester, Nutan Mango harvester, Atul Saopta harvester and Multi fruit harvester for matured Nutmeg harvesting was found to be Rs 18.21/kg, Rs 18.44/kg, Rs 17.53/kg and Rs 9.01/kg respectively. Among the evaluated DBSKKV, Dapoli fruit harvesters for matured Nutmeg harvesting, Multi fruit harvester perform better with minimum damage of fruits.
Perceived work ability and work-family conflict in healthcare workers: An observational study in a teaching hospital in Italy
Authors: La Torre Giuseppe , Grima Daniela , Romano Ferdinando , Polimeni Antonella 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate the variables associated with work ability, work-family conflict and the relationship between these variables.

Methods
An observational prospective study was conducted and involved 436 employees of a Teaching Hospital in Rome. Data collection was performed using the following tools: the Work Ability Index (WAI) and the Work-to-family conflict and Family-to-work conflict Scale (WFC—FWC Scale). Data were analyzed through univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate linear regression, using the SPSS software version 25.

Results
A direct relationship of the WFC score with two variables (female gender and physicians) and an inverse relationship with other two variables (age and administrative staff) were found. There is a direct relationship between the FWC score and the variable “having sons”. The WFC and FWC scores showed a direct relationship between them.
The Work Ability presented an almost significant association only with the profession variable, in which administrative staff, followed by physicians, presented a higher WAI score with respect to other professional categories, such as nurses.

Conclusions
Wellbeing intervention for health workers should be directed mainly to women, older workers and those with sons. In addition, more attention should be given to nurses, who showed lower work ability scores.
Monitoring function‐based active disturbance rejection control for uncertain systems with unknown control directions
Authors: Teixeira Aline , Gouvea Josiel Alves , Zachi Alessandro Rosa Lopes , Rodrigues Victor Hugo Pereira , Oliveira Tiago Roux 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes an improved active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) method for output tracking of uncertain plants with unknown control direction. A basic design procedure in the ADRC methodology is to assume the exact knowledge of the system control direction, that is, the sign of its input channel coefficient. Recent works have been proposed to relax such a requirement by performing modifications in its control structure. However, despite considering uncertainties in the input coefficient, many variants of the ADRC method still assume the knowledge of the control direction, which means that the control gain is uncertain in norm, but not in sign. For solving the latter case, and also aiming to generalize the earlier ADRC results for a larger class of systems, the present work incorporates the concept of monitoring functions in the controller design. It is a switching‐based strategy whose main function is to determine the correct sign of the control direction, which is directly related to the sign of the plant input channel coefficient. As a consequence of the resulting new control method, exponential stability with respect to a small residual set is guaranteed for the output tracking problem in closed‐loop. Numerical simulations are performed and discussed initially in an academical example, only for comparing the robustness properties concerning the unknown control direction of the proposed strategy with another ADRC methodology. In the sequence, the proposed ADRC strategy based on monitoring function is applied to the automotive plant system of an Anti‐Lock Braking System for illustrating its performance.
In‐Materio Reservoir Computing in a Sulfonated Polyaniline Network
Authors: Usami Yuki , van de Ven Bram , Mathew Dilu G. , Chen Tao , Kotooka Takumi , Kawashima Yuya , Tanaka Yuichiro , Otsuka Yoichi , Ohoyama Hiroshi , Tamukoh Hakaru , Tanaka Hirofumi , van der Wiel Wilfred G. , Matsumoto Takuya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN) organic electrochemical network device (OEND) is fabricated using a simple drop‐casting method on multiple Au electrodes for use in reservoir computing (RC). The SPAN network has humidity‐dependent electrical properties. Under high humidity, the SPAN OEND exhibits mainly ionic conduction, including charging of an electric double layer and ionic diffusion. The nonlinearity and hysteresis of the current–voltage characteristics progressively increase with increasing humidity. The rich dynamic output behavior indicates wide variations for each electrode, which improves the RC performance because of the disordered network. For RC, waveform generation and short‐term memory tasks are realized by a linear combination of outputs. The waveform task accuracy and memory capacity calculated from a short‐term memory task reach 90% and 33.9, respectively. Improved spoken‐digit classification is realized with 60% accuracy by only 12 outputs, demonstrating that the SPAN OEND can manage time series dynamic data operation in RC owing to a combination of rich dynamic and nonlinear electronic properties. The results suggest that SPAN‐based electrochemical systems can be applied for material‐based computing, by exploiting their intrinsic physicochemical behavior.
Bioinspired Underwater Adhesives
Authors: Fan Hailong , Gong Jian Ping 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnderwater adhesives are in high demand in both commercial and industrial sectors. Compared with adhesives used in dry (air) environments, adhesives used for wet or submerged surfaces in aqueous environments have specific challenges in development and performance. In this review, focus is on adhesives demonstrating macroscopic adhesion to wet/underwater substrates. The current strategies are first introduced for different types of underwater adhesives, and then an overview is provided of the development and performance of underwater adhesives based on different mechanisms and strategies. Finally, the possible research directions and prospects of underwater adhesives are discussed.
Magneto‐Responsive Microneedle Robots for Intestinal Macromolecule Delivery
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxuan , Chen Guopu , Fu Xiao , Wang Yuetong , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOral administration is the most convenient and commonly used approach for drug delivery, while it is still a challenge to overcome the complicated gastrointestinal barriers and realize efficient macromolecular drug absorption. Here, novel magneto‐responsive microneedle robots are presented for efficient oral delivery of versatile macromolecules. These microneedle robots with three components of the magnetic substrate, the separable connection, and tips are generated by a Lego‐brick‐stacking‐inspired multistage 3D fabrication strategy. With the assistance of commercial enteric capsule encapsulation, they can be taken orally and be released when entering the small intestine. Benefitting from their polarized magnetic substrate, the tips of the microneedle robots can orient to the small intestinal wall, overcome the barriers, insert into the tissue, and deliver encapsulated actives under specific magnetic fields. Besides, after the separable connection degrades, the tips can be left inside the tissue for continuous actives release, and the magnetic substrate can be excreted safely. Based on these features, the practical values of the microneedle robots are demonstrated by using them to orally deliver insulin and efficiently regulate the blood glucose of pigs. It is believed that the proposed microneedle robots can orally deliver diverse macromolecules and thus open a new chapter for oral administration.
Post‐Transition Metal Electrodes for Sensing Heavy Metal Ions by Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Zheng Jiewei , Rahim Md. Arifur , Tang Jianbo , Allioux Francois‐Marie , Kalantar‐Zadeh Kourosh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHeavy metal ions contamination is an ever‐growing threat to human health and ecosystems. Analytic sensing of heavy metal ions is a prerequisite step toward addressing this challenge. Electroanalytical technique is an effective and convenient way to detect heavy metal ions. Especially, stripping voltammetry techniques have been utilized for sensing metal ions at trace levels in different sample matrices. The choice of the working electrode materials plays a decisive role in the precision and sensitivity of stripping voltammetry. Post‐transition metals (including elements in group 12) are elements with low melting points, demonstrating unique properties including amalgamation with heavy metal ions that enhance the performance of stripping voltammetry during the pre‐concentration step, which make them particularly suitable for heavy metal ion sensing. Here, for better understanding the features and advantages of post‐transition metals in stripping voltammetry, eight classes of working electrodes based on zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), gallium (Ga), indium (In), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi), are reviewed, with their efficiency and effectiveness compared and recent progresses discussed. Additionally, liquid metal electrodes based on post‐transition metals and alloys are also presented. This review provides viable directions for future development of heavy metal ion sensors based on post‐transition metals.
Organic Chiral Spin‐Optics: The Interaction between Spin and Photon in Organic Chiral Materials
Authors: Gao Mingsheng , Qin Wei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecently, the spin‐dependent effects in chiral materials are being intensively explored due to requirements of fundamental research and technological applications. In organic chiral materials, there is a strong electron−phonon coupling, which will affect the magnitude of spin polarization. Moreover, the chirality‐generated orbital angular momentum can also affect spin polarization. Thus, the coupling among the electron spin, orbit, lattice, and photon can be effectively enhanced in organic chiral materials, which allows the existence of magneto‐chiral dichroism, chirality‐induced spin selection effects, magnetic field dependence of circularly polarized light emission and transmission. Recent studies on the electron spin and photon interaction in organic chiral materials are presented and understood here, which provides guidance for the future development and application in organic chiral spin‐optics.
Universal Structural Influence on the 2D Electron Gas at SrTiO3 Surfaces
Authors: Guedes Eduardo B. , Muff Stefan , Brito Walber H. , Caputo Marco , Li Hang , Plumb Nicholas C. , Dil J. Hugo , Radović Milan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe 2‐dimensional electron gas (2DEG) found at the surface of SrTiO3 and related interfaces has attracted significant attention as a promising basis for oxide electronics. In order to utilize its full potential, the response of this 2DEG to structural changes and surface modification must be understood in detail. Here, a study of the detailed electronic structure evolution of the 2DEG as a function of sample temperature and surface step density is presented. By comparing the experimental results with ab initio calculations, it is shown that local structure relaxations cause a metal‐insulator transition of the system around 135 K. This study presents a new and simple way of tuning the 2DEG via surface vicinality and identifies how the operation of prospective devices will respond to changes in temperature.