bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grammatical gender reversals: A morphosyntactic and sociopragmatic analysis
Authors: Steriopolo Olga 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis work analyzes grammatical gender reversals (feminine to masculine and masculine to feminine) in various languages by examining them both morphosyntactically and sociopragmatically, and is, to the best of my knowledge, the first such twofold analysis of grammatical gender reversals. The morphosyntactic analysis is based on my previous works on expressive morphology. The sociopragmatic analysis is based on the sociopragmatic framework developed in Acton (Acton, Eric K. 2014.Pragmatics and the social meaning of determiners. Doctoral Dissertation. Stanford, CA: Stanford University) and presents a continuation and development of my earlier work on sociopragmatics of gender reversals (Steriopolo, Olga. 2019a. “A sociopragmatic analysis of grammatical gender reversals.” In:Con temporary means and methods in ELT and applied linguistics, eds. C. Can, P. Patsala, and Z. Tatsioka, ch. 26: 535–55. Tallinn: LIF – Language in Focus). Grammatical gender reversals result in an evaluative meaning of the noun. I argue that they crosslinguistically use the same syntactic structure, in which an evaluative head[eval]is projected above a categorized noun,n. The evaluative head[eval]changes the grammatical gender of the base to which it attaches, resulting in a gender reversal with an evaluative meaning. This meaning varies across languages and directly depends on the sociocultural context, such as how masculinity and femininity are perceived and valued within a given society. The data presented in this research are, in order of appearance, from the following languages: Russian, Israeli Hebrew, Lak, Polish, Lokono, Teop, Palestinian Arabic, Manambu, Tigre, Maasai, Oromo, Benchnon, Halkomelen, and Alamblak.
TVA in the wild: Applying the theory of visual attention to game-like and less controlled experiments
Authors: Krüger Alexander , Tünnermann Jan , Stratmann Lukas , Briese Lucas , Dressler Falko , Scharlau Ingrid 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As a formal theory, Bundesen’s theory of visual attention (TVA) enables the estimation of several theoretically meaningful parameters involved in attentional selection and visual encoding. As of yet, TVA has almost exclusively been used in restricted empirical scenarios such as whole and partial report and with strictly controlled stimulus material. We present a series of experiments in which we test whether the advantages of TVA can be exploited in more realistic scenarios with varying degree of stimulus control. This includes brief experimental sessions conducted on different mobile devices, computer games, and a driving simulator. Overall, six experiments demonstrate that the TVA parameters for processing capacity and attentional weight can be measured with sufficient precision in less controlled scenarios and that the results do not deviate strongly from typical laboratory results, although some systematic differences were found.
Effect of Footwear on the Biomechanics of Loaded Back Squats to Volitional Exhaustion in Skilled Lifters
Authors: Brice Sara M. , Doma Kenji , Spratford Wayne 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Brice, SM, Doma, K, and Spratford, W. Effect of footwear on the biomechanics of loaded back squats to volitional exhaustion in skilled lifters. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2676–2684, 2022—This study examined whether footwear influences the movement dynamics of barbell back squats to volitional exhaustion in experienced lifters. Eleven men (1 repetition maximum [1RM] = 138 ± 19 kg; 1RM % body mass = 168 ± 18%) performed 3 sets (5–12 ± 4 repetitions per set) of loaded barbell back squats to volitional exhaustion using raised-heel and flat-heel footwear. Barbell motion as well as moments, angles, angular velocity, and power in the sagittal plane at the ankle, knee, hip, and lumbopelvis were examined during the second repetition of the first set (Tsecond) and the final repetition of the third set (Tfinal). There were significant reductions (p < 0.05) in lower-limb concentric angular velocity and power output for both footwear conditions. For the raised-heel condition at Tfinal, hip and knee concentric angular velocities were significantly slower (p < 0.05), and knee concentric power output was significantly less (p < 0.05) compared with the flat-heel condition. A reduction in barbell velocity was not observed for the raised-heel condition despite there being reduction in hip and knee angular velocities. Furthermore, no differences were identified in lower-limb joint moments or any of the biomechanical characteristics of the lumbopelvis between the footwear conditions. The findings of this study suggest that neither type of footwear reduced joint loading or improved joint range-of-motion.
Carbohydrate-Restricted Exercise With Protein Increases Self-Selected Training Intensity in Female Cyclists but Not Male Runners and Cyclists
Authors: Oosthuyse Tanja , Florence Gabriella E. , Correia Arron , Smyth Camilla , Bosch Andrew N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Oosthuyse, T, Florence, GE, Correia, A, Smyth, C, and Bosch, AN. Carbohydrate-restricted exercise with protein increases self-selected training intensity in female cyclists but not male runners and cyclists. J Strength Cond Res 35(6): 1547–1558, 2021—Carbohydrate-restricted training challenges preservation of euglycemia and exercise intensity that precludes ergogenic gains, necessitating countering strategies. We investigated the efficacy of ingesting casein protein hydrolysate in overnight-fasted male runners, male cyclists, and female cyclists. Twenty-four overnight-fasted athletes ingested 15.8 g·h−1 casein hydrolysate or placebo-water during exercise (60–80 minutes) comprising an incremental test to exhaustion, steady-state exercise (70% Vmax or 60% peak power output, 87 ± 4% HRmax), and 20-minute time trial (TT) in a double-blind randomized crossover design, with p < 0.05 accepted as significant. Ingesting protein vs. placebo increased metabolic demand {oxygen consumption, +4.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] ± 4%), p = 0.0297; +3.2% (95% CI ± 3.4%), p = 0.061}, heart rate (p = 0.0083; p = 0.007) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) (p = 0.0266; p = 0.0163) in male cyclists and runners, respectively, but not female cyclists. Protein vs. placebo increased carbohydrate oxidation (+0.26 [95% CI ± 0.13] g·min−1, p = 0.0007) in female cyclists alone. Cyclists reported +2 ± 1 higher RPE than runners (p = 0.0062). Glycemia was maintained only in runners and increased with protein vs. placebo after 20 minutes of steady-state exercise (+0.63 [95% CI ± 0.56] mmol·L−1, p = 0.0285). TT performance with protein vs. placebo ingestion was modestly compromised in runners (−2.8% [95% CI ± 2.2%], p = 0.0018), unchanged in male cyclists (+1.9% [95% CI ± 5.6%], p = 0.5794), and modestly improved in female cyclists (+2.5% [95% CI ± 1.8%], p = 0.0164). Casein hydrolysate ingestion during moderate to hard carbohydrate-restricted exercise increases glycemia in runners, but not cyclists. Casein hydrolysate increases metabolic demand in male athletes and carbohydrate oxidation in female cyclists and is suitable for improving carbohydrate-restricted training intensity in female but not male endurance athletes.
The Applicability of the Risk Score Approach to Competitive Sport: Development of a Physical Success Score for the Canadian Football League Combine
Authors: Matsuo Hirokazu , Funasaki Kohei , Yamada Shinzo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Matsuo, H, Funasaki, K, and Yamada, S. The applicability of the risk score approach to competitive sport: development of a physical success score for the Canadian football league combine. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 695–701, 2022—In the scouting combine of the Canadian Football League (CFL), players are measured for 6 athletic abilities, including 2 measurements of body size. For coaches and their players who desire to play in the CFL, knowing the players metrics that are important for being drafted and their levels will help coaches plan and evaluate their training. Thus, the purpose of this study was to provide a simple scoring system using the predictors of CFL Combines identified by multivariate analysis and their regression coefficients, and reference values. In this study, authors created a scoring system to classify draft success and failure of CFL Combines based on the measurement results. This scoring system was named as the physical success score (PSS). To do so, a repeated grid-search cross-validation for variable selection algorithm was performed on the players (line: n = 211, big skill linebacker, running back and tight end: n = 177, skill [defensive back and wide receiver]: n = 231) who participated in the CFL Combines between 2011 and 2019. The final binary logistic regression models and the reference values were used to generate the PSS for each group. As a result, PSS of the line, big skill, and skill were developed. In each group, all possible total scores and the estimated draft success probability were shown. From the results of this study, it was concluded that the PSS approach can provide useful information for coaches in setting training goals.
Writing a Needs Analysis: Exploring the Details
Authors: Scroggs Karis , Simonson Shawn R. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The first step in preparing a comprehensive periodized strength and conditioning program is the needs analysis—that is a formal process for determining the general and specific needs of the athlete based on their sport or task. It involves many more pieces than most consider and is not simply about goal setting. Depth and specificity of event requirements and details are important because there will be variability in needs and program design due to the task and level of prior experience and participation. The specifics of the task and the particulars of the individual athlete may lead to the need for significant study and reading of evidence-based research. The benefit of a well-developed needs analysis is that it can lead to better program planning with greater opportunity for success.
Comparative evaluation of the performance of thin diodes used as on-line dosimeters in radiation processing applications
Authors: Gonçalves Josemary A. C. , Mangiarotti Alessio , Bueno Carmen C 
Published: April 2021

In this work, we report a comparison between the performance of two samples of commercial PIN photodiodes (SFH206K from Osram and S2506-04 from Hamamatsu) mainly addressing the variation of their current sensitivities with accumulated dose ranging from 0-15 kGy. All the results so far obtained have revealed that the radiation induced currents are linearly dependent on dose rates from 3.65 to 55.64 Gy/h. The current sensitivity of both unirradiated diodes (0.178 nA.h/Gy.mm3) slightly decreases with accumulated dose, namely 0.32%/kGy (SFH206K) and 1.4%/kGy (S2506-04). Although the SFH206K device compares favorably with the S2506-04, both diodes can be considered as a low budge alternative, good enough for on-line dosimetry applications in the field of radiation processing.
Comparative analysis of quartz treated with gamma radiation originated from the hydrothermal geodes of the Paraná Basin, with quartz generated in the hydrothermal veins of Serra do Espinhaço.
Authors: Enokihara Cyro Teiti 
Published: April 2021

In Brazil, hydrothermal quartz may be found in the geodes of the basaltic rocks of the Paraná Basin and in the vein systems of quartzites of the Serra do Espinhaço. The quartz of hydrothermal origin of the Paraná Basin contains a great amount of structurally bound water in the form of molecular water, silanol, hydroxyl and abundant growth defects that are responsible for the green color formed by irradiation. To register the influence of water in the formation of the green color in the quartz of the Paraná Basin, quartz samples from the following regions were analyzed: Artigas, located in the Paraná Basin, Curvelo and Brejinho located in Serra do Espinhaço. The quartz from Artigas, formed at low temperature, has high concentration of molecular water and silanol and a greater amount of Fe than Al. The quartz from Curvelo with Al, but, without water molecular and silanol was formed by intermediate temperature and the quartz from Brejinho has very little Al, Fe and a small silanol and molecular water content. To characterize these samples, ICP, NAA, and NIR-FTIR spectroscopic measurements have been taken together with water loss techniques. The analysis by FTIR spectrometry of Artigas quartz samples shows strong absorptions of H2O and Si-OH, respectively, near the regions of 5300 cm-1 and 4500 cm-1. This content of molecular water and silanol in hydrothermal quartz of Artigas is responsible for the formation of NBOHC defects that produce, by gamma radiation, the green color.
Optmization of exposure parameters in digital mammography (CR) using figure of merit
Authors: De Morais Isabela Soares , Squair Peterson Lima , Tavares Maria do Socorro Nogueira 
Published: April 2021

A high diagnostic standard associated with the lowest radiation dose possible for the patient is the aim for a quality examination in mammography, this can be achieved through the Figure of Merit which is a parameter used for optimization in digital mammography. The objective of this work is to determine the optimized radiographic technique (kV and anode / filter combination) for the CR detection system (Computerized Radiography), using the parameter of the figure of merit (FOM), from the contrast noise Ratio (CNR) and the average glandular dose (AGD), with two breast simulators (PMMA and CIRS) and perform a comparison between them. The optimization process was performed on the Siemens Mammomat 3000 Nova Mammograph and the Kodak Direct View CR 850 System CR scanning system using two breast, PMMA and CIRS simulators in the following thicknesses: 2, 4.5 and 7 cm. In order to calculate the AGD, the incident air kerma (Ka,i) was measured and the X-ray beam characteristic factors were applied, according to the technical parameters used for each exposure performed in the simulators. With the values of AGD and CNR associated with each image, the technique optimized for the mammograph-CR set was calculated using the figure of merit. Both simulators presented similar FOM for the conditions tested, but should not be considered equivalent. The following X-ray spectra were selected (anode / filter combination): 2 cm thick (Mo / Mo), 4.5 cm thick (W / Rh) and 7 cm (W / Rh). The estimated doses referring to the optimized techniques found in this work respected the acceptable reference levels in international protocols for quality control in mammography.
Allelopathy of Invasive Species Dioscorea bulbifera L. and Its Effect on Seed Germination of Shorea selanica (Lam.) Blume
Authors: Oksari Ade Ayu , Wanda Irvan Fadli , Wardhani Gladys Ayu Paramita Kusumah 
Published: April 2021

AbstrakDioscorea bulbifera L. (Dioscoreaceae) merupakan salah satu tanaman invasif yang menciptakan masalah lingkungan. D bulbifera mengandung alelopati yang memengaruhi proses fisiologis pada spesies lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh alelopati berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak daun dan umbi D. bulbifera L. terhadap perkecambahan biji Shorea selanica (Lam.) Blume. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan sepuluh perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah perbedaan konsentrasi ekstrak D. bulbifera 25, 50, 75, 100%, dan kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil uji skrining fitokimia, semua metabolit sekunder dalam ekstrak daun menunjukkan hasil yang positif. Senyawa golongan saponin, tanin, flavonoid, dan steroid/terpenoid terdeteksi dengan kuat sedangkan senyawa alkaloid kurang kuat. Senyawa fenol tersebut adalah fenol, 1,2-benzenediol (dalam ekstrak daun) dan fenol, 1,2-benzendiol, 1,4-benzendiol, dan 2-metoksifenol (dalam ekstrak umbi). Berdasarkan uji perkecambahan, ekstrak metanol umbi dan daun D. bulbifera berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya kecambah, koefisien kecepatan berkecambah, dan koefisien keserempakan berkecambah S. selanica. Konsentrasi yang menurunkan viabilitas biji terendah adalah pada konsentrasi 75% dan 100% dengan rata-rata daya kecambah 10,00 ± 6,32 % (pada ektrak umbi) dan 0,00 ± 6,32 % (pada ektrak daun). AbstractDioscorea bulbifera L. (Dioscoreaceae) is one of the most unutilized invasive plants. This plant contains allelopathy that affects the physiological process of native species. This study aimed to discover the type of allelochemical in D. bulbifera and its effect on seed germination of Shorea selanica (Lam.) Blume. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design with ten treatments and three replications. The treatment given was the different concentration of D. bulbifera extract of 25, 50, 75, 100%, and control. Based on phytochemical screening tests, saponin, tannin, flavonoid, and steroid/terpenoid compounds were detected in leaf and tuber extract. The total phenolic in leaf extract was more significant than that in the tuber extract of D. bulbifera but the type of phenolic compounds was lower. The phenolic compounds were phenol, 1,2-benzenediol (in leaf extracts) and phenol, 1,2-benzendiol, 1,4-benzendiol, and 2-methoxyphenol (in tuber extracts). Based on the germination test, it was found that the methanol extract from the tubers and leaf of D. bulbifera significantly affected the germination capacity, coefficient rate of germination, and simultaneity coefficient of germination of S. selanica. It was found that treatment of concentration of 75% and 100% resulted in the lowest seed viability reduction with an average germination rate of 10.00 ± 6.32% (in tuber extracts) and 0.00 ± 6.32% (in leaf extracts).
Pain Medication Disposal Rates After Pediatric Surgery
Authors: Ray Justin J. , Shackleford Taylor L. , Bronikowski Diane , Lubicky John P. , Lancaster Jeffrey , Grant Daniel R. 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate prescription opiate usage, disposal rates, and methods of disposal after pediatric surgery.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective chart review of patients &lt;18 years of age who underwent a surgical procedure at our institution and were given a postoperative opiate prescription between April 2017 and June 2018. A follow-up phone survey was conducted between 60 and 90 days postoperatively to ask about prescription opiate usage and disposal.

RESULTS:
A total of 290 patients with a mean age of 9.0 ± 4.7 years (62.8% male) met inclusion criteria. Sixty patients (20.7%) reported using all of their prescription opiate medication, whereas 230 patients (79.3%) did not use all of their pain medication. Of these 230 patients, 141 (61.3%) disposed of their leftover prescription opiates via flushing (56.4%), trash (28.6%), or take-back center (15.0%). At the time of phone survey between 60 and 90 days postoperatively, 88 patients (38.3%) still had leftover pain medication. By 7 days postoperatively, 234 of 290 patients (80.7%) had taken their last prescription opioid.

CONCLUSIONS:
In our study, 79.3% of patients were overprescribed opiate pain medication after pediatric surgery. Disposal rates at 60 to 90 days for leftover pain medication after pediatric surgery was just &gt;60%. Pediatric patients are often overprescribed prescription opiates after surgery and typically only require a one-week supply of pain medication.
Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Bundle on Inpatient Use of Highly Bioavailable Antibacterials
Authors: Haynes Andrew S. , MacBrayne Christine E. , Parker Sarah K. 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:Intravenous (IV) to enteral transition of highly bioavailable antibacterial drugs is associated with improved safety and lower cost. We evaluated the impact of a bundle of stewardship-driven interventions (including in-person stewardship rounding, clinical pathways, and clinical pharmacist-driven enteral transition workflows) on IV versus enteral administration of highly bioavailable antibacterials at a freestanding children’s hospital.METHODS:We collected 2010–2018 inpatient usage data for clindamycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, rifampin, linezolid, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. We analyzed total use (in days of therapy [DOTs] per 1000 patient-days [PDs]) and the percentage of total use administered enterally, both hospital wide and stratified by unit subgrouping, specifically comparing use 1-year prestewardship implementation with year-5 postimplementation.RESULTS:Across the 8-year study window, clindamycin, fluoroquinolones, and metronidazole, together, accounted for 96% of IV DOTs for highly bioavailable antibacterials. Overall, clindamycin use decreased from 44.4 to 20.2 DOTs per 1000 PDs (P &lt; .001), with the enteral percentage of total use increasing from 23% to 43% (P &lt; .001) hospital wide. Overall, fluoroquinolone use decreased from 33.7 to 19.3 DOTs per 1000 PDs (P &lt; .001), with the enteral percentage increasing from 40.7% to 55.9% (P &lt; .001). Overall, metronidazole use increased, and the enteral percentage decreased (42.0% to 33.7%; P = .007). Low-IV-use antibacterials (rifampin, linezolid, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) showed no significant changes in total use or the enteral percentage of total use.CONCLUSIONS:Stewardship interventions were associated with decreased overall use and an increased enteral percentage of total use for both clindamycin and fluoroquinolones, although not metronidazole. These data provide an easy-to-collect benchmark for pediatric hospitals to compare IV with enteral use of highly bioavailable antibacterials within the context of overall antibacterial use.
“You Have Made All the Loving Choices": Good Parent Praise in Pediatric Critical Care Conferences
Authors: Porter Amy S. , Hinds Pamela S. , Livingston Jessica D. , October Tessie W. 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Parents’ ideas about what it means to be a “good parent” to their seriously ill child influence parental decision-making. Little is known about when, why, and how clinicians offer good-parent praise or how parents react. Our objective was to describe clinicians’ spontaneous use of good-parent praise statements to parents during PICU care conferences and how parents respond.

METHODS:
Single-center, cross-sectional review of 72 transcripts of audio-recorded PICU care conferences in a quaternary medical center. Qualitative analysis was conducted to code triggers for clinician good-parent statements and parent responses.

RESULTS:
Clinicians made at least one statement of good-parent praise in 32% of family conferences. Triggers for clinician statements of good-parent praise were categorized into 6 themes: decision making, gratitude to the clinical team, defense of parenting, parental body language, parental guilt, and intention to close the meeting. Parental responses to clinician statements of good-parent praise fell into 6 themes: acknowledgment, medical talk, deepening of feelings expressed in conversation, focusing on a decision, redirecting on the patient, and gratitude.

CONCLUSIONS:
Clinicians spontaneously praised parents for their role in being a good parent in less than one-third of family conferences. Clinician statements were triggered by verbal and nonverbal parental behaviors, a critical decision-making point in the conversation, and an intention to close the meeting. In response, parents frequently responded positively to the praise and often returned the gratitude or reflected on their feelings about caregiving for their child.