bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Low-load resistance training with different degrees of blood flow restriction in patients with knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomized trial
Authors: Wang Haonan , Cheng Lin , Chen Yan , Wang Shen-Tao , Hu De-Xin , Wang Li-Na , Ni Guo-Xin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative disease that causes pain, functional impairment, and a reduced quality of life. Resistance training is considered an effective approach to reduce the risk factor of muscle weakness in patients with KOA. Blood flow restriction (BFR) with low-load resistance training have better clinical outcomes than low-load resistance training alone. However, the effective degree of BFR with low-load resistance training has not been determined. The purpose of this study will be to evaluate the effectiveness of different degrees of BFR with low-load resistance training in patients with KOA on pain, self-reported function, physical function performance, muscle strength, muscle mass, and quality of life.Methods: This is a study protocol for a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial. One hundred individuals will be indiscriminately assigned into the following groups: two training groups with a BFR at 40% and 80% limb occlusion pressure (LOP), a training group without BFR, and a health education group. The three intervention groups will perform strength training for the quadriceps muscles twice a week for 12 weeks. The health education group will attend sessions once a week for 12 weeks. The primary outcomes will include pain, self-reported function, and adverse events. The secondary outcomes will include physical function performance, muscle strength of the knee extensors, muscle mass of quadriceps, and quality of life. The intention-to-treat analysis will be conducted for individuals who withdraw during the trial.Discussion: Previous studies have shown that BFR with low-load resistance training is more effective than low-load resistance training alone; however, a high degree of BFR may cause discomfort during training. If a 40% LOP for BFR will produce similar clinical outcomes as an 80% LOP for BFR, resistance training with a low degree of BFR can be chosen for those patients with KOA who are intolerant to a high degree of BFR.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChinCTR2000037859. Registered on 2 September 2020.
Mental Well-Being During Covid-19 in Adults, Mothers, and Children: Behavioral Evidence and Neural Pre-Markers
Authors: Borbás Réka , Fehlbaum Lynn Valérie , Dimanova Plamina , Negri Alessia , Arudchelvam Janani , Schnider Cilly Bernardette , Raschle Nora Maria 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Covid-19 and associated restrictions greatly impact our physical and mental well-being, with particular challenges for children and families. We describe data from adults and children (N = 69, 41♀, age range = 7-51y, including 26 children and mothers), including pre-pandemic brain function and ~ 2’500 tests acquired during the early pandemic. We investigated (1) variability in child and adult well-being, (2) mother-child associations of mental well-being during the first months of the pandemic, and (3) the association between pre-pandemic neural brain correlates during mentalizing and later fears or subjective burden. Significant variation in mental health was observed in both, adults (e.g., anxiety, depression, or caregiver burden) and children (mood and emotional and behavioral problems). Mothers’ subjective burden of care was associated with children’s emotional and behavioral problems, while depression levels in mothers impacted children’s mood. Furthermore, friends met was a significant predictor of children’s mood during restrictions. Pre-pandemic neural correlates of mentalizing in prefrontal regions preceded later development of fear of illnesses and viruses in all participants, while temporoparietal activation preceded higher subjective burden in mothers. This study demonstrates a significant effect on, and variations in, mental well-being in adults and children during the early phase of Covid-19, emphasizes dyadic effects and possible neural precursors.
Revealing of Socio-Economic Sustainable Livelihood importance of Rudrasagar lake of Tripura, India
Authors: Barman Prabir , Roy Prantik , GHOSH JAYANTA 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rudrasagar is a natural waterlogged wetland, also this wetland known as the Ramsar site since 2005. This wetland site is historically as well as ecologically important for the nearby inhabitants. There is an agency namely, Rudrasagar Udvastu Fisherman Samabai Samity Ltd. (RUFSS) manages this wetland activity who are directly dependent and sustains themselves. Pisciculture and agriculture are the main occupations in the local community. This is an integral part of inhabitants; it is not only important economically but socially as well as ecologically. Rudrasagar Lake has 240 hectors according to the Melaghar revenue office. The Rudrasagar lake depth is less in the dry season as well as high in the rainy season. Therefore, the inhabitants are mostly dependent on this lake for their sustainable livelihood. Because of these activities, there are presumption about the degrading of the lake's ecological quality. For the purpose of this study six villages namely, Chandanmura, Rajendranagar, Latamura, Kemtali, Baidermura, and Rangamur took as a sample. With the notion in mind of sustainable livelihood, this research will find the socio-economic importance of the Rudrasagar lake and its legal safeguards.
Physical Modeling of Floor Failure Above Confined Water: A Case Study in China
Authors: WANG Wenmiao , YUAN Yong , CHEN Zhongshun , ZHU Cheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Coal mining in areas with deep confined water is very dangerous; to ensure safety, it is necessary to clarify the damage characteristics of the working face floor. To directly reflect the failure characteristics of the working face floor under the coupled effects of mining stress and confined water pressure, this study takes the II633 working face of the Hengyuan coal mine in the Huaibei mining area as the engineering background. With the use of a self-designed monitoring system for confined water diversion and a similar material simulation experimental method, the mining stress distribution patterns, the deformation and failure characteristics of the overburden, and the diversion characteristics of the confined water in the working face floor are studied. The combined use of a confined water loading system and a confined water lifting system can directly reproduce the floor confined water lifting characteristics affected by floor failure during coal mining. The results show that the floor undergoes three stages of deformation in the horizontal direction: premining stress concentration compression (10-15 m ahead of the working face), postmining floor pressure relief expansion, and roof collapse stress recovery (the distance of the lagging working face is 15-20 m). In the vertical direction, a soft rock layer blocks the continuous transfer of mining stress to deeper layers and produces an important cushioning effect. In the process of coal mining, shear cracks easily develop in the coal wall in front of and behind the working face. After the coal seam is excavated, the length of the fractures that develop in the model is 27 cm. The confined water loading system can visually reproduce the hydraulic characteristics of the confined water during the mining process; that is, the confined water easily bursts at the front and back ends of the coal wall in the goaf. The error, as determined by comparison between the field measurement and the theoretical calculation results, is only 0.617 m, verifying the reliability of the similar simulation method.
Dendrites of Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons: The Key to Understand Intellectual Disability
Authors: Granato Alberto , Merighi Adalberto 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pyramidal neurons (PNs) are the most abundant cells of the neocortex and display a vast dendritic tree, divided into basal and apical compartments. Morphological and functional anomalies of PN dendrites are at the basis of virtually all neurological and mental disorders, including intellectual disability. Here we provide evidence that the cognitive deficits observed in different types of intellectual disability might be sustained by different parts of the PN dendritic tree, or by a dysregulation of their interaction.
Milk Lymphocyte Profile and Macrophage Functions: New Insights Into the Immunity of the Mammary Gland in Quarters Infected With Corynebacterium Bovis
Authors: Silva Vitória M. , Souza Marina T. , Blagitz Maiara G. , Souza Fernando N. , Batista Camila F. , Alves Alexandre J. , Fernandes Artur C. C. , Sanchez Eduardo M. R. , Ordinola-Ramirez Carla M. , Costa Luciana , Libera Alice M. M. P. Della 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundsThe present study explored the viability of milk macrophages, their intracellular production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), and their phagocytosis of S. aureus, as well as the profile of lymphocytes, from healthy udder quarters and udder quarters infected by Corynebacterium bovis. The study included 28 healthy udder quarters from 12 dairy cows and 20 udder quarters infected by C. bovis from 10 dairy cows. The percentages of macrophages and lymphocytes were identified by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. Macrophage viability, RONS production, and S. aureus phagocytosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. ResultsMilk samples from quarters infected with C. bovis showed a lower percentage of macrophages but an increased number of milk macrophages per mL and a higher percentage of macrophages that produced intracellular RONS and phagocytosed S. aureus. No effect of C. bovis infection on macrophage viability was found. Udder quarters infected by C. bovis showed a higher percentage of T cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes, but no effect was found on the percentage of CD8+ CD4- T, CD8- CD4- T, or B lymphocytes. ConclusionsThus, our results corroborate, at least in part, the finding that intramammary infections by C. bovis may offer protection against intramammary infections by major pathogens.
Phytosterol Accumulation Results in Ventricular Arrhythmia, Impaired Cardiac Function and Death
Authors: Ge Hongfei , Liu Gongxin , Yamawaki Tracy M. , Tao Caroline , Alexander Shawn T. , Ly Kimberly , Fordstrom Preston , Shkumatov Artem A. , Li Chi-Ming , Rajamani Sridharan , Zhou Mingyue , Ason Brandon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) and cardiac arrhythmias share overlapping pathological mechanisms that act cooperatively to accelerate disease pathogenesis. Cardiac fibrosis is associated with both pathological conditions. Our previous work identified a link between phytosterol accumulation and cardiac injury in a mouse model of phytosterolemia, a rare disorder characterized by elevated circulating phytosterols and increased cardiovascular disease risk. Here, we uncover a previously unknown pathological link between phytosterols and cardiac arrhythmias in the same animal model. Phytosterolemia resulted in inflammatory pathway induction, premature ventricular contractions (PVC) and ventricular tachycardia (VT). Both pharmacological and genetic inhibition of phytosterol absorption prevented the induction of both pathways. Inhibition of phytosterol absorption reduced inflammation and cardiac fibrosis, improved cardiac function, reduced the incidence of arrhythmias and increased survival in a mouse model of phytosterolemia. Collectively, this work identified a pathological mechanism whereby elevated phytosterols result in inflammation and cardiac fibrosis leading to impaired cardiac function, arrhythmias and sudden death. These phytosterolemia-associated comorbidities provide novel insight into the underlying pathophysiological mechanism that predispose these patients to increased risk of sudden cardiac death.
On the Plasmonic Properties of Double-Deck Graphene Nanoribbon Structure in Mid-Infrared Regime
Authors: Zhang Yue , Dong Dandan , Xiong Tao , Wang Wei , Sun Cheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work a double-deck structure consisting of graphene nanoribbons is proposed, and the plasmonic properties of the system is investigated at mid-infrared wavelengths. In the structure, two graphene nanoribbon arrays with different parameters are coated on both sides of a glass substrate. With respectively varying the Fermi energies, the layer numbers of the graphenes, and the widths of the ribbons, the light transmittance is studied in the wavelength region from 5 to 30μm, via the finite difference time domain method. Multiple plasmonic resonances are revealed in the double-deck graphenes. It is shown that the plasmonic resonance properties including the resonance wavelengths, the peak intensities, and the peak widths can be adjusted by changing the parameters of the graphenes. The results suggest that the double-deck graphene nanoribbon structure proposed in this work be implemented in designs of plasmonic devices in mid-infrared regime.
Innovative Design of 3D-Printed Nasopharyngeal Pediatric Swab for COVID-19 Detection
Authors: Alazemi Ameerah , AbdulHussain Ghadeer , Alawwam Abdullah , Al-Shatti Ali , alghounaim Mohammad , Almazeedi Sulaiman , Youha Sarah Al , alsabah Salman 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
3-dimensional (3D) printing technology provides a solution to meet the high demand for producing adult nasal swabs. A smaller, more flexible nasopharyngeal swab needs to be developed for children and infants suspected of having coronavirus. The information shared here presents a novel 3D-printed pediatric swab for the purpose of collecting upper respiratory clinical specimens.
Possible Relationship Between Korean Heat Wave and Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Genesis Frequency
Authors: Cha Yumi , Choi JaeWon , Ahn Joong-Bae 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study conducted a correlation analysis between tropical cyclone genesis frequency (TCGF) in the western North Pacific (WNP) and heat wave days (HWD) in Korea during July and August for 46 years (1973-2018) and we found showed a strong positive correlation between them. This implied that the higher the TCGF in the WNP during July and August, the higher the HWD in Korea becomes. To examine the cause of the statistically significant positive correlation between the TCGF during July and August in the WNP and the HWD in Korea, 15 years with the highest frequency and the lowest frequency out of the 46 years in the TCGF time series were selected and defined as high TCGF years and low TCGF years, respectively. An analysis of the difference in 2m air temperature (Air2m) between the two groups showed that in the mid-latitude region of Asia, the Air2m was higher during the high TCGF years. Thus, it could be seen from this analysis that the increase of HWD during the high TCGF years is likely to occur in the entire mid-latitude region of East Asia as well as in Korea. According to the difference in atmospheric circulations between the two groups, in all layers of the troposphere, anomalous anticyclonic and cycloninc circulations were strengthened in the mid-latitude region of East Asia and in the WNP, respectively, which was similar to the Pacific-Japan (PJ) teleconnection pattern. Furthermore, the anomalous anticyclone strengthened in the mid-latitude region of East Asia was associated with the weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon, and the anomalous cyclone strengthened in the WNP was associated with the WNP summer monsoon. The difference in the vertical meridional circulation averaged over the longitude range where Korea is located showed that anomalous upward and downward flows were strengthened in the WNP and in the latitude where Korea is located, respectively. This implied that the local Hadley circulation was strengthened during the high TCGF years. An analysis of the difference in the mean sea surface temperature during July and August showed that the eastern Pacific (EP) La Niña was strengthened during the high TCGF years. To determine the cause of the formations of anomalous anticyclones in the mid-latitude region of East Asia and in the WNP during the high TCGF years, the 500 hPa wave activity flux was analyzed. The wave activity flux originated from the North Atlantic, passed through the Scandinavian Peninsula, the North coast of Russia, and East Siberia before reaching Korea and the WNP. This spatial distribution was similar to the Scandinavia teleconnection pattern. Therefore, we conclude that the anomalous anticyclone formed in the mid-latitude region of East Asia and the anomalous cyclone formed in the WNP during the high TCGF years are associated with the Scandinavia teleconnection pattern.
Intracranial Pressure Directly Predicts Headache Morbidity in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Mollan Susan , Wakerley Benjamin , Alimajstorovic Zerin , Mitchell James , Ottridge Ryan , Yiangou Andreas , Thaller Mark J , Grech Olivia , Lavery Gareth , Brock Kristian , Sinclair Alexandra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: Headache is the predominant disabler in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). The aim was to characterise headache and investigate the association with intracranial pressure.Methods: IIH:WT was a randomised controlled parallel group multicentre trial in the United Kingdom investigating weight management methods in IIH. Participants with active IIH (evidenced by papilloedema) and a body mass index (BMI) ≥35kg/m2 were recruited. At baseline, 12 months and 24 months headache characteristics and quality of life outcome measures were collected and lumbar puncture measurements were performed.Results: Sixty-six women with active IIH were included with a mean age of 32.0 years (SD ± 7.8), and mean body mass index of 43.9 ± 7.0 kg/m2. The headache phenotype was migraine-like in 86%. Headache severity correlated with ICP at baseline (r=0.285; p=0.024); change in headache severity and monthly headache days correlated with change in ICP at 12 months (r=0.454, p=0.001 and r=0.419, p=0.002 respectively). Cutaneous allodynia was significantly correlated with ICP at 12 months. (r=0.479, p<0.001). Boot strap analysis noted a positive association between ICP at 12 and 24 months and enabled prediction of both change in headache severity and monthly headache days. ICP was associated with significant improvements in quality of life (SF-36).Conclusions: We demonstrate a positive relationship between ICP and headache and cutaneous allodynia, which has not been previously reported in IIH. Those with the greatest reduction in ICP over 12 months had the greatest reduction in headache frequency and severity; this was associated with improvement of quality of life measures.Classification of evidence: This work provides Class IIa evidence of the association of raised intracranial pressure and headache. ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02124486.
Anthropometric measurements of patellar ridge using computed tomography-based three-dimensional computer models
Authors: Mei Xiao-liang , Ding Hao , Meng Jia , Zhao Jian-ning 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The objectives of this study were to investigate anatomic morphology of patellar ridge using computed tomography-based three-dimensional (3D) computer models and to assess the center of the patellar ridge after virtual resections.Methods: We selected 80 patients, 40 males (age, 33.2±6.8 years) and 40 female (age, 30.6±7.2 years), who were slight symptomatic with soft tissue injury of knee joint. The right or left knees were scanned by computed tomography (CT). The CT date of 160 knees was used to construct 3D computer models by image analysis software (Mimics). Variables such as the angle between the patellar ridge and patellar long axis, the distance between the center of patellar ridge and the center of patellar cut after virtual resections were measured. We detect differences between the sides and genders with the 3D computer models by Student’s t test. Simple linear regression and correlation test was used to correlate the patellar ridge centre to the centre of the patellar cut. Results: According to the available date, there were significant gender differences in the length and width of patellar cut after virtual resections even with strict control for the height and weight of the patients. The angle between the patellar ridge and the patellar long axis was 11.24°±3.62°. The angle in male patients was 10.17°± 4.82°and it was 12.28°± 3.78°in female patients. The morphological difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) .After using the subchondral method to virtually resect the patellae, with reference to centre of the patellar cut, the center of patellar ridge lies superiorly and medially in 88.75%, inferiorly and medially in 8.75%, laterally and superiorly in 2.5%, and in no case laterally and inferiorly. The intra-observer reliability regarding the dimensional measurements was excellent in this study. Conclusions: Advances in 3D computer models had resulted in the availability of preoperative measurement and virtual planning. The anthropometric dimensions of this study could provide general information for guiding surgical management of the patella in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and were useful in designing patellar implants. Clinical relevance: The placement of the patellar component during TKA differs from one patella to another. The anatomic morphology information of the patellar ridge is helpful for surgeons to perform patellar resurfacing in TKA.
An Early CU Partition Mode Decision Algorithm in VVC Based on Variogram for Virtual Reality 360 Degree Videos
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Hou Yan , Liu Zhi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
360-degree videos have become increasingly popular with the development of virtual reality (VR) technology. These videos are converted to a 2D image plane format before being encoded with standard encoders. To improve coding efficiency, a new generation video coding standard has been launched to be known as Versatile Video Coding (VVC). However, the computational complexity of VVC makes it time-consuming to compress 360-degree videos of high resolution. The diversity of CU partitioning modes of VVC greatly increases the computational complexity. Through statistical experiments on ERP videos, it is found that the probability of using horizontal partitioning for such videos is greater than that of vertical partitioning. The empirical variogram combined with Mahalanobis distance is proposed to measure texture orientation information. The experimental results show that the algorithm saves 32.13% of the coding time with only 0.66% BDBR increasing.
A Vasoactive Inotropic Score Predicts the Severity of Hypotensive Shock and Mortality in Preterm Infants
Authors: Amer Reem , Seshia Mary M , Elsayed Yasser N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: To validate the prediction of the severity of hypotensive shock and mortality using the vasoactive inotropic score in preterm infants.Methods: In this retrospective study we calculated the vasoactive inotropic score (VIS) and cumulative exposure to cardiovascular medications over time (VISct) in a cohort of preterm infants with hypotensive shock who received a cardiovascular support. Receiver operator curve was constructed to predict the primary outcome which was death due to hypotensive shock. Results: VIS had an area under the curve of 0.73 (95% CI 0.85-0.98, p < 0.001). A VIS cut off of 25 has sensitivity and specificity of 66% and 92%, and positive and negative predictive values of 78.5% and 83%, respectively.Conclusion: High VIS predicts high mortality rate due to irreversible shock in preterm infants