bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dach1-Variant 4 Plays an Oncogenic Role and Promotes Radioresistance in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Giordani Ilenia , Scornajenghi Carlo M. , Marampon Francesco , Stoppacciaro Antonella , Agostino Silvia Di , De Nunzio Cosimo , Tubaro Andrea , Li Zhiping , Pestell Richard G. , De Cesaris Paola , Riccioli Anna , Filippini Antonio 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Human Dachshund homologue 1 (DACH1) is involved in carcinogenesis with opposite roles reported in different tumor types. Four alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different DACH1 isoforms were described but their specific role in human cancers is still unknown. Prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous disease with a very wide variability, so there is yet a relevant need to find new diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers to make a safe clinical evaluation. It is well known that the differential expression of protein isoforms can induce distinct transcriptional programs with opposing effects on tumor progression and therapy. Thus, in this study we aimed to correlate the functional role of DACH1 with its splicing variants expression in PCa.Methods: The expression and functional role of DACH1 splicing variants in PCa were investigated using tumor (PC3) and normal (RWPE-1) cell lines, patient biopsies and TCGA dataset. Flow-cytometry, western blots and RT-qPCR were used for in vitro molecular characterization; invasion, adhesion, clonogenic assays and cell cycle analysis for functional characterization. Immunohystochemistry and western blot were performed on human PCa biopsies.Results: RT-qPCR and Western Blot revealed that DACH1-positive PC3 cells predominantly expressed DACH1 variant 4 (DACH1-v4), whereas RWPE-1 cells mostly expressed DACH1 variant 3. Stable DACH1-v4 overexpression enhanced the transformed phenotype of PC3 cells by inducing proliferation, colony formation, invasion ability, epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Given its intrinsic radioresistance, PCa frequently recurs after radiotherapy. Of note, DACH1-v4-overexpressing PC3 cells displayed higher radioresistant behavior. Overexpression of DACH1-v4 also transformed RWPE-1 cells to oncogenic phenotype, suggesting a pro-oncogenic role for this specific isoform. PCa biopsies analysis showed DACH1 nuclear staining enhanced throughout the increase of the tumor grade. Remarkably, tumor glands were found to express a long DACH1 variant, while normal prostate tissue expressed the short DACH1 isoform, in line with data from TCGA-PRAD analysis and our data in RWPE-1 cells. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the oncogenic role of DACH1-v4 in PCa and suggest that the longer DACH1 variants could be associated to pro-tumor function, while the shortest DACH1 variant would perform tumor suppression. The expression of specific DACH1 isoforms could represent a novel diagnostic/prognostic marker in PCa.
An optimized design method of three-point support for precision horizontal machining center with T-shape bed
Authors: Lin Zixin , Tian Wenjie , Zhang Dawei , Gao Weiguo , Wang Lina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The support point layout of the machine tool has an important influence on the working performance of the machine tool, when the material, manufacturing process and internal structure of machine bed are determined. In order to ensure that the precision machine tool has good leveling performance, stability and anti-interference, this paper presents an optimized design method of three-point support for T-shape bed of precision horizontal machining center. This article first establishes the statics model of the T-shape bed and analyzes grillage beam model used to characterize the main static deformation trend of the bed based on the singular function method. After verifying the rationality of the model through simulation, the optimized three-point support position can be obtained. Then this paper measured the deformation of the upper surface of a simple bed due to gravity. The deviation between the experimental results and the simulation results is less than 20%, which verifies the reliability of the simulation and theoretical results. Based on the ISIGHT multi-disciplinary optimization platform, this paper completes the multi-objective optimization of the support point layout of the bed, and the optimization results prove the accuracy of the theoretical model. This paper takes the bed of M800H precision horizontal machining center as an example to illustrate the application process of the proposed method. Finally, this paper compares the optimization effect of the static characteristics of the bed and the whole machine. The maximum deformation of the bed has reduced by 27.1%. In the whole machine status, the deformation of the spindle end has reduced by 50.8%, and the maximum deformation of the workpiece end have reduced by 50.0%.
Vanadium-incorporated CoP2 with lattice expansion for highly efficient acidic overall water splitting
Authors: Wang Yu , Jiao Yanqing , Yang Ganceng , Yan Haijing , Tian Chungui , Wu Aiping , Liu Yue , Fu Honggang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) in acidic media is a hopeful scenario for hydrogen production by using renewable energy sources, but the grand challenge lies in substituting active and stable noble-metal catalysts. Herein, a robust electrocatalyst of V-CoP2 porous nanowires arranged on carbon cloth is successfully fabricated via incorporating vanadium into CoP2 lattice. Structural characterizations and theoretical analysis indicate that lattice expansion of CoP2 caused by V incorporation results in the upshift of d-band center, which is conducive to hydrogen adsorption for boosting HER activity. Besides, V promotes surface reconstruction to generate a thicker Co3O4 layer that enhances acid-corrosion resistance and optimizes the adsorption of water and oxygen-containing species, thus improving OER activity and stability. Accordingly, it presents a superior acidic overall water splitting activity (1.47 V@10 mA cm-2) over Pt-C/CC||RuO2/CC, and remarkable stability. This work proposes a new route to design efficient electrocatalysts via lattice engineering for PEMWE.
Implementing the battery-operated hand-held fan as an evidence-based, non-pharmacological intervention for chronic breathlessness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a qualitative study of the views of specialist respiratory clinicians
Authors: Luckett Tim , Roberts Mary , Smith Tracy , Garcia Maja , Dunn Sarah , Swan Flavia , Ferguson Caleb , Kochovska Slavica , Phillips Jane L , Pearson Mark , Currow David C , Johnson Miriam J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe battery-operated hand-held fan (‘fan’) is an inexpensive and portable non-pharmacological intervention for chronic breathlessness that has few if any harms and has been shown to reduce breathlessness intensity, improve physical activity and functioning, and reduce anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other conditions. This study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators to the fan’s implementation in specialist respiratory care as a non-pharmacological intervention for chronic breathlessness in patients with COPD.Methods A qualitative approach was taken, using focus groups. Participants were clinicians from any discipline working in specialist respiratory care at two hospitals. Questions asked about current fan-related practice and perceptions regarding benefits, harms and mechanisms, and factors influencing its implementation. Analysis used a mixed inductive/deductive approach.ResultsForty-nine participants from nursing (n=30), medical (n=13) and allied health (n=6) disciplines participated across 9 focus groups. The most influential facilitator was a belief that the fan’s benefits outweighed disadvantages. Clinicians’ beliefs about the fan’s mechanisms determined which patient sub-groups they targeted, for example anxious or palliative/end-stage patients. Barriers to implementation included a lack of clarity about whose role it was to implement the fan, what advice to provide patients, and limited access to fans in hospitals. Few clinicians implemented the fan for acute-on-chronic breathlessness or in combination with other interventions.ConclusionImplementation of the fan in specialist respiratory care may require service- and clinician-level interventions to ensure it is routinely recommended as a first-line intervention for chronic breathlessness in patients with COPD of any stage.
Preparation and nutrient release kinetics of enriched biochar-based NPK fertilizers and agronomic effectiveness in direct seeded rice
Authors: Roy Arkaprava , Chaturvedi Sumit , Pyne Suhita , Singh Shiv Vendra , Kasivelu Govindaraju 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In present study, two enriched biochar-based fertilizers were prepared having fertilizer grade of 6-6-4 N-P2O5-K2O by intercalation of NPK fertilizers mixture solution as EB-1 and additional humic acid and seaweed extract as EB-2. In laboratory, batch experiment were done to compare nutrients (NH4+, NO3−, P and K+) release patterns of developed fertilizers along with conventional fertilizers. Enriched biochar fertilizers (EB) demonstrated much slower release pattern of NH4+, P and K+, however NO3− release was similar over conventional fertilizers. The cumulative release of N in EB fertilizers was similar to conventional fertilizer, however significantly less of P and K were released during the period of 72 hrs. The field response study of enriched fertilizers EB-2 revealed 29.5, 11.5 and 22.9% higher apparent use efficiency than conventional fertilizer. The slow nutrients release behaviour of EB fertilizers implies reduced losses and enhanced NUE as reflected by higher apparent recovery of N, P and K.
Is Weather Chaotic? Coexisting Attractors, Multistability, and Predictability
Authors: Shen Bo-Wen , Pielke Roger A. , Zeng Xubin , Faghih-Naini Sara , Cui Jialin , Atlas Robert 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Since Lorenz’s 1963 study and 1972 presentation, the statement “weather is chaotic’’ has been well accepted. Such a view turns our attention from regularity associated with Laplace’s view of determinism to irregularity associated with chaos. In contrast to single type chaotic solutions, recent studies using a generalized Lorenz model (Shen 2019a, b; Shen et al. 2019) have focused on the coexistence of chaotic and regular solutions that appear within the same model, using the same modeling configurations but different initial conditions. The results suggest that the entirety of weather possesses a dual nature of chaos and order with distinct predictability. Furthermore, Shen et al. (2021a, b) illustrated the following two mechanisms that may enable or modulate attractor coexistence: (1) the aggregated negative feedback of small-scale convective processes that enable the appearance of stable, steady-state solutions and their coexistence with chaotic or nonlinear limit cycle solutions; and (2) the modulation of large-scale time varying forcing (heating).
Recently, the physical relevance of findings within Lorenz models for real world problems has been reiterated by providing mathematical universality between the Lorenz simple weather and Pedlosky simple ocean models, as well as amongst the non-dissipative Lorenz model, and the Duffing, the Nonlinear Schrodinger, and the Korteweg–de Vries equations (Shen 2020, 2021). We additionally compared the Lorenz 1963 and 1969 models. The former is a limited-scale, nonlinear, chaotic model; while the latter is a closure-based, physically multiscale, mathematically linear model with ill-conditioning. To support and illustrate the revised view, this short article elaborates on additional details of monostability and multistability by applying skiing and kayaking as an analogy, and provides a list of non-chaotic weather systems. We additionally address the influence of the revised view on real-world model predictions and analyses using hurricane track predictions as an illustration, and provide a brief summary on the recent deployment of methods for multiscale analyses and classifications of chaotic and non-chaotic solutions.
Thermoelastic parameters of Mg-sursassite and its relevance as a water carrier in subducting slabs
Authors: Milani Sula , Fumagalli Patrizia , Ziberna Luca , Maurice Juliette , Lotti Paolo , Comboni Davide , Pagliaro Francesco , Hanfland Michael , Bais Giorgio , Joseph Boby , Merlini Marco 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We report the synthesis, at 7 GPa and 923 K, and the thermoelastic characterization, up to 16 GPa and 850 K, of a single crystal of Mg-sursassite, Mg5Al5Si6O21(OH)7. In situ high-pressure and high-temperature single-crystal diffraction allowed the study of structural variation at non-ambient conditions and the determination of bulk elastic properties. The refined parameters of a second-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (BM-II EoS) are V0 = 446.02(1) Å3 and KT0 = 135.6(7) GPa. The thermal expansion coefficients of a Berman-type EoS are α0 = 3.14 (5) × 10−5 K−1, α1 = 2.50(16) × 10−8 K−2, and V0 = 445.94(3). For comparison, the P-V EoS is determined for a natural sursassite sample, ideally Mn4Al6Si6O22(OH)6. The refined parameters of BM-II EoS [V0 = 470.2(3) Å3, KT0 = 128(4) GPa] indicate that composition has a minimal effect on elastic properties. The similarity of density and bulk properties of Mg-sursassite if compared to olivine and other anhydrous mantle minerals suggests that this phase could be overseen by geophysical methods.
Treating protracted corneal ulcers with UVA corneal collagen crosslinking: clinical cases
Authors: Yani E. V. , Iomdina E. N. , Pozdniakova V. V. , Golikova V. A. , Seliverstova K. E. 
Published: September 2021

It has recently been proposed to use ultraviolet (UVA) corneal collagen crosslinking as an alternative method of treating bacterial ulcerative lesions of the cornea. Ambivalent results regarding the efficacy and safety of this method of treatment limit its implementation in clinical practice so far.The purpose of this work is to analyze three clinical cases involving the use of a new device for local UVA crosslinking in the complex treatment of bacterial corneal protracted-course ulcers with the suspected development of mixed fungal infection.Material and methods. For a dynamic follow-up of patients, we used biomicroscopy with a fluorescein test, photo registration and optical coherence tomography of the anterior part of the eye. Inflammatory changes were assessed using a point scale.Results. 3–5 procedures of local UVA exposure (with instillations of 0.1% riboflavin solution) lasting 3–5 minutes each and given with an interval of 2–4 days ensured stable and fast epithelialization of the cornea and a significant increase in visual acuity in the inflammatory process outcome.Conclusion. The first results of treating bacterial corneal ulcers using a new portable device for local UVA crosslinking have shown its high therapeutic efficiency and good prospects for further use in clinical practice.
A diagnostic assessment of angioarchitectonics of choroidal melanoma
Authors: Panova I. E. , Samkovich E. V. , Nechiporenko P. A. , Grigoryeva N. N. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: to study angioarchitectonics of choroidal melanoma with varied biometric characteristics by comparing the results of indocyanine green angiography (IAG) and OCT angiography (OCTA).Material and methods. Angiography with indocyanine green and OCT angiography was performed in 45 choroidal melanoma patients (45 eyes, 20 men, 25 women, mean age 57.36 ± 15.11 years) to see the features of angioarchitectonics for various tumor elevations: up to 3 mm (small choroidal melanomas) and within the 3.1– 5.0 mm range (medium choroidal melanomas) and assess the informative value of the techniques.Results. We established a high diagnostic value of angiography with indocyanine green and OCT angiography in the diagnosis of vasculature of choroidal melanoma (89% and 71 %, respectively), an acceptable significance in small choroidal melanomas, and a higher informative value of angiography with indocyanine green in medium choroidal melanomas. The vasculature of small choroidal melanomas is characterized by type 1 angioarchitectonics predominance (59 %), while that of medium-sized melanomas corresponds to type 2 angioarchitectonics (81 %). The pattern match in angiography with indocyanine green and OCT angiography took place in 93.8 % of patients. The average depth of vessel identification during OCT angiography was determined to stay within the range of 186 μm for choroidal melanomas of up to 1.9 mm high, 220 μm for melanomas between 2 and 3 mm high, and 255 μm for melanomas higher than 3 mm.Conclusions. The use of contrast and non-contrast angiography in assessing the vasculature of choroidal melanoma is highly informative and useful for the assessment of the type of angioarchitectonics. The use of OCT angiography is more informative for tumors with an elevation of up to 3 mm. In order to increase the accuracy and effectiveness of OCTA, the identification of newly formed vessels should be carried out with regard to the parameters established.
Surgical treatment of primary and recurrent pterygium
Authors: Filatova I. A. , Kondratyeva J. P. , Borodin Yu. I. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: to study the results of surgical treatment and the course of healing of primary and recurrent pterygium.Material and methods. 97 patients (117 eyes) with varying degrees of pterygium, of which 58 were men and 39 women, were clinically observed for 1 to 3 years. The patients, aged 51.5 ± 4.2 on average, were divided into 3 groups depending on the degree of pterygium, the frequency of relapses and the type of surgical treatment.Results. It was shown that primary pterygium of the I degree should best be operated according to McReynolds method, pterygium of the II degree or higher should optimally be removed with conjunctival plastics by a free flap grafting, while for recurrent pterygium of the III degree or higher, combined treatment is recommended: removal of the pterygium using brachytherapy.Conclusion. For an adequate functional result of surgery, an individual approach is required for each case depending on pterygium proliferation stage.
Investigations of the response mechanism of a karst Interconnected River System Network in Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Zhang Dan , Guo Zuo-qing , Yang Hui-xia , Liu Cai-hong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
An Interconnected River System Network (IRSN) project could change the drainage pattern and influence the river's ecological health. However, the relevant research is still in a preliminary stage and needs to have a supplement. Considering environmental and ecological characteristics of the karst area, this paper analyzed the relationship between IRSN projects and environmental indicators, and proposed a multi-layer indicator system that has three first-class indicators (water environment, river–lake organism, connectivity) and 15 second-class indicators for assessment of the ecosystem. The weight of each level of indicators' can be determined using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the change rate of indicators critical value is normalized, then five threshold levels are established within the range of 0–1. Refer to the established response mechanism and threshold level of the karst basin, The Wangerhe River project taken as an example can well reflect the IRSN status through this method. These results can provide scientific support for constructing an evaluation index in other karst areas.
Life-cycle assessment of decentralized solutions for wastewater treatment in small communities
Authors: Lourenço N. , Nunes L. M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study benchmarks vermifiltration (VF) as secondary wastewater treatment in three nature-based decentralized treatment plants using life-cycle assessment. The comparison is justified by the comparatively easier and cheaper operation of VF when compared to more traditional technologies, including small rate infiltration (SRI), constructed wetlands (CW), and activated sludge (AS). Standard life cycle assessment was used and applied to three case studies located in southern Europe. Material intensity during construction was highest for VF, but impacts during operation were lower, compensating those of the other phases. Impacts during the construction phase far outweigh those of operation and dismantling for facilities using constructed wetlands and activated sludge, when the number of served inhabitants is small, and due to lack of economies of scale. VF used as secondary treatment was shown to contribute to reducing the environmental impacts, mainly in constructed wetlands and activated sludge. The replacement of CW by VF seems to bring important environmental benefits in most impact categories, in particular in the construction phase. The replacement by VF in facilities with SRI seems to result in the improvement of some of the impact categories, in particular in the operation phase. As for dismantling, no conclusive results were obtained.
Predicting COVID-19–Related Health Care Resource Utilization Across a Statewide Patient Population: Model Development Study
Authors: Kasturi Suranga N , Park Jeremy , Wild David , Khan Babar , Haggstrom David A , Grannis Shaun 
Published: September 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the inability of health systems to leverage existing system infrastructure in order to rapidly develop and apply broad analytical tools that could inform state- and national-level policymaking, as well as patient care delivery in hospital settings. The COVID-19 pandemic has also led to highlighted systemic disparities in health outcomes and access to care based on race or ethnicity, gender, income-level, and urban-rural divide. Although the United States seems to be recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic owing to widespread vaccination efforts and increased public awareness, there is an urgent need to address the aforementioned challenges.

Objective
This study aims to inform the feasibility of leveraging broad, statewide datasets for population health–driven decision-making by developing robust analytical models that predict COVID-19–related health care resource utilization across patients served by Indiana’s statewide Health Information Exchange.

Methods
We leveraged comprehensive datasets obtained from the Indiana Network for Patient Care to train decision forest-based models that can predict patient-level need of health care resource utilization. To assess these models for potential biases, we tested model performance against subpopulations stratified by age, race or ethnicity, gender, and residence (urban vs rural).

Results
For model development, we identified a cohort of 96,026 patients from across 957 zip codes in Indiana, United States. We trained the decision models that predicted health care resource utilization by using approximately 100 of the most impactful features from a total of 1172 features created. Each model and stratified subpopulation under test reported precision scores >70%, accuracy and area under the receiver operating curve scores >80%, and sensitivity scores approximately >90%. We noted statistically significant variations in model performance across stratified subpopulations identified by age, race or ethnicity, gender, and residence (urban vs rural).

Conclusions
This study presents the possibility of developing decision models capable of predicting patient-level health care resource utilization across a broad, statewide region with considerable predictive performance. However, our models present statistically significant variations in performance across stratified subpopulations of interest. Further efforts are necessary to identify root causes of these biases and to rectify them.