bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related Quality of Life in Patients With Recurrent Pericarditis: Results From a Phase 2 Study of Rilonacept
Authors: Lin David , Klein Allan , Cella David , Beutler Anna , Fang Fang , Magestro Matt , Cremer Paul , LeWinter Martin M. , Luis Sushil Allen , Abbate Antonio , Ertel Andrew , Litcher-Kelly Leighann , Klooster Brittany , Paolini John F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Impact of recurrent pericarditis (RP) on patient health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was evaluated through qualitative patient interviews and as an exploratory endpoint in a Phase 2 trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of rilonacept (IL-1α/IL-1β blocker) to treat RP.Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with ten adults with RP to understand symptoms and HRQoL impacts, and the 10-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health (PROMIS Global) v1.2 was evaluated to determine questionnaire coverage of patient experience. The Phase 2 trial enrolled participants with active symptomatic RP (A-RP, n=16) and corticosteroid-dependent participants with no active recurrence at baseline (CSD-RP, n=9). All participants received rilonacept weekly for 6 weeks during a base treatment period (TP) plus an optional 18-week extension period (EP). Concomitant medications, including corticosteroids (CS), were tapered, if possible, during EP. HRQoL was assessed using the PROMIS Global, and patient-reported pain and blood levels of c-reactive protein (CRP) were also collected at Baseline and follow-up periods. Results: Information from qualitative interviews demonstrated that PROMIS GH concepts are relevant to adults with RP. From the Phase 2 trial, both participant groups showed impacted HRQoL at Baseline [mean PROMIS Global Physical Health (GPH) and Global Mental Health (GMH), were lower than population norm average]. In A-RP, GPH/MPH improved by end of base TP and were sustained through EP (similar trends were observed for pain and CRP). Similarly, in CSD-RP, GPH/MPH improved by end of TP and further improved at EP, during CS tapering or discontinuation, without disease recurrence (low pain scores and CRP levels continued during the TP and EP). Conclusion: This is the first study demonstrating impaired HRQoL in RP. Rilonacept treatment was associated with HRQoL improvements using PROMIS GH scores. Maintained/improved HRQoL during tapering/withdrawal of CS without recurrence suggests that rilonacept may provide an alternative to corticosteroids. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.Gov; NCT03980522; 5 June 2019, retrospectively registered; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03980522
Prediction of Strength and Modulus of Jointed Rocks Using P-wave Velocity
Authors: Singh Mahendra , KHALKHO PHIBE 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Strength and deformation characteristics of jointed rocks are important parameters for the design of many civil and mining engineering structures. These parameters are difficult to obtain from direct testing of jointed rocks, hence it is usual practice to derive them through indirect approaches. In the present study, an attempt has been made to obtain rough estimates of strength and modulus of jointed rocks through P wave velocity. Jointed specimens of a model rock were prepared for laboratory testing. Joints at different orientations and comprising of different joint roughness coefficients were used (JRC=2-4, 12-14 and 18-20). Ultrasonic P-wave velocity and UCS tests were conducted on the specimens. The effect of joint orientation and joint wall roughness on P-wave velocity was studied. An index, Joint Factor was used to quantify the effect of joint attributes on strength and modulus of jointed rock. It was observed that P-wave velocity is closely linked with Joint Factor. This study suggests a correlation to obtain Joint Factor Jf from P-wave velocity. It is recommended that this correlation may be used in the field to assess the Jf. The computed Jf may then be used to get the strength and modulus values of jointed rocks in the field. Charts are also suggested to roughly assess the shear strength parameters c and ϕ of the jointed rock.
Ggrafted antimicrobial cotton fabrics with N-halamine groups via atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Peng Panpan , Zhang Ziwen , Yang Jianjun , Wu Mingyuan , Wu Qingyun , Liu Jiuyi , Zhang Jianan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An N-halamine precursor 2-(3-(6-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl)ureido)ethyl methacrylate (SCMHBMA) was synthesized and grafted on cotton fabrics via atom transfer radical polymerization for antibacterial function after chlorination. The preparation and chlorinated cotton fabrics (Cotton-g-PSMA-Cl) were characterized with FTIR, XPS, SEM, and TGA. The properties of prepared Cotton-g-PSMA-Cl, including thermal property, antibacterial efficiency, durability, and stability, were systematically evaluated. The results showed that these chlorinated Cotton-g-PSMA-Cl fabrics possessed excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. and S. aureus. After 10 washing cycles and 60 days of routine storage, active chlorine concentrations (Cl+%) were reduced only 22% and 18%, respectively, and the reduced Cl+% effectively reverted by simple rechlorination. This new N-halamine antibacterial cotton composite with superior antibacterial properties exhibited potential for future application in the long-term antibacterial field.
Conifer: Clonal Tree Inference for Tumor Heterogeneity With Single-cell and Bulk Sequencing Data
Authors: Baghaarabani Leila , Goliaei Sama , Foroughmand-Araabi Mohammad-Hadi , Shariatpanahi Seyed Peyman , Goliaei Bahram 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: An important and effective step in cancer treatment is understanding the clonal evolution of cancer tumors. Clones are cell populations with different genotypes, resulting from the differences in the somatic mutations that occur and accumulate during cancer development. An appropriate approach for better understanding a tumor population is determining the variant allele frequency with which the mutation occurs in the entire population. Bulk sequencing data can be used to provide that information, but the frequencies are not informative enough in identifying different clones and their evolutionary relationships. On the other hand, single-cell sequencing data provides valuable information about branching events in the evolution of a cancerous tumor. However, in the single-cell sequencing data, the total population of sequenced cells is naturally much smaller than bulk sequencing so it is not precise enough for calculating cell prevalence.Result: In this study, a new method called Conifer (ClONal tree Inference For hEterogeneity of tumoR) is proposed which combines aggregated variant allele frequency from bulk sequencing data with branch evolution information from single-cell sequencing data, in order to better understand clones and their evolutionary relationships. It is proven that the accuracy of clone identification is increased by using Conifer compared to other existing methods in both real and simulated data. Also, it is shown that the approach of Conifer in using single-cell sequencing data together with bulk sequencing data has reduced the possibility of cloning mutations with similar frequency but belonging to different clones.Conclusions: In this study, we provided an accurate and robust method to identify clones of tumor heterogeneity and their evolutionary history by combining single-cell and bulk sequencing data.
The Value of Multimodality Imaging in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiac Lipoma
Authors: Shu Shenglei , Yuan Hongliang , Kong Xiangchuang , Wang Jiazheng , Wang Jing , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Cardiac lipoma is a rare primary tumor in the heart and pericardium. Multimodality imaging methods, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are crucial in detecting and diagnosing cardiac lipomas. Besides, they are of significant importance in management of cardiac lipomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of multimodality imaging methods in diagnosing and treatment of cardiac lipoma by describing a series of cases of cardiac lipoma.Materials and Methods: Data of patients with cardiac lipoma at a local institution were retrospectively collected. Their imaging findings on echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), and cardiac MRI and clinical management were described in detail. Results: 12 patients with cardiac lipoma were retrospectively included with thirteen lipomas found within heart and pericardium. Two patients’ lipoma were symptomatic, while lipomas in other 10 patients were found incidentally. Most lipomas were sensitively detected with echocardiography. Accurate diagnoses were achieved with CT and MRI in all cases. Surgical resection was performed in one symptomatic patient due to the obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract, while the removal of pericardial lipoma in another symptomatic patient was not possible due to diffuse myocardial infiltration observed in MRI. Based on MRI findings, two patients without clinical symptoms also underwent surgery to prevent the risk of detachment of ventricular lipoma with a narrow pedicle in one patient and potential further thinning of the myocardium by pericardial lipoma growth in another patient. Conclusions: Cardiac lipoma could be sensitively detected and accurately diagnosed with multiple noninvasive imaging tools. Comprehensive evaluation with multimodality imaging methods should also be conducted for better management planning and follow-up in all patients.
ITGB2&nbsp;as a Novel Biomarker Correlating With Prognosis and Immune Infiltrates in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: li chanyuan , Wan Ting , Deng Ting , Cao Junya , Huang He , Liu Jihong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is nowadays one of the malignancies in women, this study aimed to identify novel biomarkers to predict prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy.Methods: The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) obtained from online database Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)were screened via GEO2R and Venn diagram software, gene enrichment was analysed by Gene Ontology(GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG), then protein protein interaction(PPI)network and Cytoscape software were used to confirm the genes closely related to ovarian cancer. Survival analysis of hub genes were obtained from Kaplan–Meier plotter, with their differential expression in specimen validated by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and an integrated repository portal for tumor-immune system interactions (TISIDB). Finally, we used the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource 2.0 (TIMER2.0) and application Estimate the Proportion of Immune and Cancer cells (EPIC) to search the immune infiltration characteristics of the genes.Results: 355 DEGs between epithelial ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissue were screened out. These DEGs were associated with extracellular exosome, bicellular tight junction and cell-cell junction, and remarkably enriched in molecules of cell adhesion and leukocyte transendothelial migration activity. Ten hub genes were identified via protein protein interaction (PPI) network: PTAFR, HLA-DRA, OAS2, OAS3, PTPN6, LYN, VAMP8, IRF6, ITGB2, CD47. Furthermore, the Kaplan–Meier plotter was conducted, overexpression of four genes was positively connected to poor prognosis in ovarian cancer:OAS2, OAS3, ITGB2, CD47,which were also correlated with immune infiltrates in ovarian cancer and had the highest degree of correlation with tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) infiltration, among which ITGB2 was highly correlated with TAMs infiltration level.Conclusion: ITGB2, OAS2, OAS3, and CD47 are upregulated with unfavorable prognosis in ovarian cancer, and ITGB2 may act as a novel prognostic biomarker with immune infiltration values.
Impact of Recurrence Pattern in Patients Undergoing a Second Surgery for Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Pasqualetti Francesco , Montemurro Nicola , Desideri Isacco , Loi Mauro , Giannini Noemi , Gadducci Giovanni , Malfatti Giulia , Cantarella Martina , Gonnelli Alessandra , Montrone Sabrina , Visani Luca , Scatena Cristian , Naccarato Giuseppe Antonio , Perrini Paolo , Gambacciani Carlo , Santonocito Orazio , Morganti Riccardo , Paiar Fabiola 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background. The impact of different patterns of glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence has not yet been fully established in patients suitable for a second surgery. Through the present observational study carried out at Pisa University Hospital, we aimed to examine the impact of different patterns of GBM failure on patients’ survival and second surgery outcomes.Methods. Overall survival was assessed according to clinical characteristics, including pattern of recurrence, in a prospective cohort of recurrent GBM patients. Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test was applied to evaluate the differences between curves.Results. Contact with ventricles, a second surgery and meningeal spread had a statistically impact on patient survival after the diagnosis of GBM recurrence (P=0.032, P=0.019 and P<0.01, respectively). Patients with local recurrence had better survival than patients with non-local ones, 24.1 versus 18.2 months, respectively (P=0.015, HR=1.856 (1.130 -3.050). Considering the cohort as a whole, the second surgery conferred an advantage in recurrent survival respect to non-operated patients. However, this advantage was more evident in patients with local recurrence (P=0.002 with HR 0.212 (95% CI 0.081-0.552) and P=0.029 with HR=0.522 (95% CI 0.291-0.936), respectively). Conclusions. The local recurrence pattern could be a promising field of interest for patients with recurrent GBM suitable for a second surgery.
Exosomal Myeloperoxidase as a Biomarker of Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Han Yafei , Wang Xinjia , Bai Xiaochun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) often occurs following major orthopedic surgery. In this study, we investigated specific exosomal proteins as potential diagnostic biomarkers of DVT.Methods: Proteomic analysis of exosomes from four DVT patients and healthy controls(n = 4) was performed by mass spectrometry. The model animals were evaluated at 1 (IVCL-1D), 3 (IVCL-3D) and 7 (IVCL-7D) days after inferior vena cava ligation (IVCL). Endothelial cells in the thrombus segment were examined using TUNEL assays and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression in the damaged vessel was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Exosomes were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and cell proliferation was estimated using CCK-8 assays.Results: Totaliy, 78 differentially expressed proteins (38 downregulated and 40 upregulated) were identified in the DVT group. In the rat DVT model, endothelial cells were damaged continuously after thrombosis, with the most serious injury in the IVCL-3D group, after which signs of endothelial repair were apparent. The IVCL-1D group showed the highest levels of vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and MPO increased sharply in the IVCL-1D and IVCL-3D groups, but had almost disappeared in the IVCL-7D group. In co-culture, plasma exosomes isolated from DVT model rats were efficiently absorbed by HUVECs, with markedly lower HUVEC growth and higher levels of apoptosis in the IVCL-1D and IVCL-3D groups compared with the control group.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Exosomes may be involved in endothelial cell injury during DVT. The exosomal protein MPO is a potential biomarker of early stage DVT.
The Effect of Conventional Versus Electronic Cigarette Use on Treatment Outcomes of Peri-Implant Disease
Authors: Jasser Reham AL , Zahid Mohammed , Sarhan Mohammed Al 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Treatment outcomes associated with the peri-implant diseases are significantly influenced by individual habits. Several studies identified smoking as one of the important risk factors associated with ineffective treatment outcomes. The present study aims to compare changes in periodontal clinical parameters between conventional and electronic cigarette smokers with non-smokers. It further evaluates changes of salivary inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1 β, IL-6, MMP-8 and TIMP1) after treating peri-implantitis. Participants were divided into three groups: conventional cigarette smokers, E-smokers and non-smokers; each consisting of 20 participants. Results: Findings of the study indicated that the change in gingival color from red to pink is significantly higher in cigarette smokers and non-smokers when compared with electronic smokers (p=0.043). The gingival consistent changed to be firm in cigarettes smokers and non-smokers. The prevalence of PI, BOP and PD it has reduced across the groups of cigarette and smokers over the four intervals of observation. Besides, no statistically significant difference with the means values of KTW. The level of MMP-8 at baseline of three groups had reduced but increased marginally at sixth month and at the completion of one year among cigarette and e-smokers. The mean IL-6 values had significantly reduced, except for electronic smoking. The IL-1 β values had significantly increased in all groups. The increase of TIMP-1 values in non-smokers is higher at all the three-time points. Conclusion: All clinical parameters show enhancement post treatment. However, salivary biological biomarkers (MMP-8, IL-1 β and IL-6) have shown a decline in all groups treated.
Post-extubation&nbsp;Oxygenation Strategies&nbsp;and Mortality and&nbsp;Reintubation Rates in Acute Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yasuda Hideto , Okano Hiromu , Mayumi Takuya , Narita Chihiro , Onodera Yu , Nakane Masaki , Shime Nobuaki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: High-flow nasal cannula oxygenation (HFNC) and noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) possibly decrease tracheal reintubation rates better than conventional oxygen therapy (COT); however, few large-scale studies have compared HFNC and NPPV. We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the effectiveness of three post-extubation respiratory support devices (HFNC, NPPV, COT) in reducing the mortality and reintubation risk.Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Ichushi databases were searched. COT, NPPV, and HFNC use were assessed in patients aged ≥16 years who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation for >12 hours for acute respiratory failure and were scheduled for extubation after spontaneous breathing trials. The GRADE Working Group Approach was performed using a frequentist-based approach with multivariate random-effects meta-analysis. Short-term mortality and reintubation and post-extubation respiratory failure rates were compared. Results: After evaluating 4,631 records, 15 studies and 2,600 patients were included. The main cause of acute hypoxic respiratory failure was pneumonia. Although NPPV/HFNC use did not significantly lower the mortality risk (relative risk [95% confidence interval], 0.75 [0.53–1.06] and 0.92 [0.67–1.27]; low and moderate certainty, respectively), HFNC use significantly lowered the reintubation risk (0.54 [0.32–0.89]; high certainty) compared with COT use. The associations of mortality with NPPV and HFNC in either outcome did not differ significantly (short-term mortality and reintubation, relative risk [95% confidence interval], 0.81 [0.61–1.08] and 1.02 [0.53–1.97]; moderate and very low certainty, respectively).Conclusion: NPPV or HFNC use may reduce endotracheal reintubation risk, but not short-term mortality risk.Trial registration number and date of registrationPROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020139112, 01/21/2020).
Pouteria sapota (Red Mamey Fruit): Chemistry and Biological Activity of Carotenoids
Authors: Rao K.S. , Lakey-Beitia Johant , Vasquez Velmarini , Mojica-Flores Randy , Fuentes C. Arelys L. , Murillo Enrique , Hegde Muralidhar L. 
Published: March 2021

Background:Red mamey fruit known as P. sapota, comes from trees found in Mesoamerica and Asia. This fruit is considered a nutraceutical food due to it’s a food and has multiple beneficial health including anti-amyloidogenic activity and potential anti-tumorigenic property. Red mamey fruit contain a variety of carotenoids including novel ketocarotenoids such as sapotexanthin and cryptocapsin. A ketocarotenoid is a chemical compound with a carbonyl group present in the β-ring or in the double bond chain of a carotenoid. In red mamey, the 3'-deoxy-k-end group in sapotexanthin has proved to be an important pro-vitamin A source, which is essential for maintaining a healthy vision and cognitive processes.Objective:Summarize the chemistry and biological activity of the studied carotenoids present in this fruit until now.Method:An exhaustive extraction is the most usual methodology to isolate and thoroughly characterize the carotenoids present in this fruit. High performance liquid chromatography is used to determine the profile of total carotenoid and its purity. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization is used to determine the molecular weight of carotenoid. Nuclear magnetic resonance is used to determine the structure of carotenoids.Result:For each 100 g of fresh weight, 0.12 mg of total carotenoid from this fruit can be obtained. Out of the more than 47 reported carotenoids in red mamey, only 34 have a detailed characterization.Conclusion:it is important to continue studying the chemical composition and biological activity of this unique tropical fruit with commercial and nutritional value.
Inhibitory Effects of Some Bryophytes on Glutathione-S -Transferase
Authors: Kocazorbaz Ebru K. , Un Rabia N. , Erdag Adnan , Zihnioglu Figen 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Nine extracts from selected Bryophytes, A. californica, B.
pomiformis B. stricta, C. conicum, F. antipyretica var. gracilis, G. lisae, L. sciuroides,
M. polymorpha, T. barbuloides were investigated for their total phenolic content
and glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitory activity.

Methods:
The flavonoid and phenolic content of nine extracts from Bryophytes were
estimated by aluminium chloride and Folin-Ciocalteu method. The sheep liver fraction
incubated with or without plant extracts and the activity GST was assayed using
reduced glutathione (GSH) and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) secondary substrate.

Results:
These results indicate the potential use of A. californica, C. conicum, G. lisae, M. polymorpha,
and T. barbuloides can be regarded as promising candidates for natural plant sources of GST inhibitory
effects.

Conclusion:
These plants can be examined in order to isolate and identify the active ingredients, and
this may serve as a foundation to find safer and more effective agents for therapeutic use.