bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T-Lymphocyte Subsets Alteration, Infection and Renal Outcome in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Xiong Jiachuan , Qiao Yu , Yu Zhikai , Huang Yinghui , Yang Ke , He Ting , Zhao Jinghong 
Published: September 2021

Background:T-lymphocyte subsets reflect patients' immune status and are associated with adverse outcomes in various diseases. However, the association between T-lymphocyte subsets and major infection and renal outcome in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients has not been well-addressed.Methods:Patients diagnosed with stage 3–5 of non-dialysis CKD were recruited, and healthy subjects were selected as the controls. T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) were detected by flow cytometry, and the CD4+/CD8+T cell ratio was then calculated. Patients were divided into the normal-level group and the low-level group according to the clinical reference value. The primary outcomes were the major infection and renal outcome.Results:A total of 410 CKD patients were enrolled; the average age was 47.25 years. Compared to the healthy controls, the level of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+T cells, and the CD4+/CD8+T cell ratio were significantly decreased in CKD patients (p&lt; 0.05). During the median follow-up of 2.56 (quartile interval 1.24–3.46) years, major infections occurred in 15.10% of the CKD patients. The incidence of infection was significantly higher in the low-level group of CD3+, CD4+T cells, and CD4+/CD8+T cell ratio compared with the normal level groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the lower level of CD3+, CD4+T cells, and CD4+/CD8+T cell ratio is associated with a greater risk of infection. Cox regression analysis further confirmed that low CD3+, CD4+T cells, and CD4+/CD8+T cell ratio were independent risk factors of infection in CKD patients. Moreover, during the follow-up, renal events occurred in 37.50% of patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that low levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+T cells are significantly associated with renal outcome in CKD patients. Cox regression analysis showed that low level of CD3+T cells (HR = 2.407, 95% CI: 1.664–3.482,p&lt; 0.001), CD4+T cells (HR = 2.397, 95% CI: 1.633–3.518,p&lt; 0.001) and CD8+T cells (HR = 2.416, 95% CI: 1.476–3.955,p&lt; 0.001) were independent risk factors for renal outcome after multivariable-adjusted.Conclusion:CKD patients had a defect in T-lymphocyte subpopulation. T-lymphocyte subsets were closely associated with infection and renal outcome in CKD patients. Suggesting T-lymphocyte subsets are independent predictors of infection and renal outcome in CKD patients.
Cost-Effectiveness of MR-Mammography in Breast Cancer Screening of Women With Extremely Dense Breasts After Two Rounds of Screening
Authors: Tollens Fabian , Baltzer Pascal A. T. , Dietzel Matthias , Schnitzer Moritz L. , Kunz Wolfgang G. , Rink Johann , Rübenthaler Johannes , Froelich Matthias F. , Kaiser Clemens G. 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesTo evaluate the cost-effectiveness of MR-mammography (MRM) vs. x-ray based mammography (XM) in two-yearly screening women of intermediate risk for breast cancer in the light of recent literature.MethodsDecision analysis and Markov modelling were used to compare cumulative costs (in US-$) and outcomes (in QALYs) of MRM vs. XM over the model runtime of 20 years. The perspective of the U.S. healthcare system was selected. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were calculated and related to a willingness to pay-threshold of $ 100,000 per QALY in order to evaluate the cost-effectiveness. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the impact of variations of the input parameters. In particular, variations of the rate of false positive findings beyond the first screening round and their impact on cost-effectiveness were assessed.ResultsBreast cancer screening with MRM resulted in increased costs and superior effectiveness. Cumulative average costs of $ 6,081 per woman and cumulative effects of 15.12 QALYs were determined for MRM, whereas screening with XM resulted in costs of $ 5,810 and 15.10 QALYs, resulting in an ICER of $ 13,493 per QALY gained. When the specificity of MRM in the second and subsequent screening rounds was varied from 92% to 99%, the ICER resulted in a range from $ 38,849 to $ 5,062 per QALY.ConclusionsBased on most recent data on the diagnostic performance beyond the first screening round, MRM may remain the economically preferable alternative in screening women of intermediate risk for breast cancer due to their dense breast tissue.
A Multidimensional Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Chinese Herbal Injections for Treating Non-small Cell Lung Cancer With Gemcitabine and Cisplatin
Authors: Ni Mengwei , Wu Zhishan , Wang Haojia , Zhou Wei , Wu Chao , Stalin Antony , Fu Changgeng , Ye Peizhi , Lu Shan , Tan Yingying , Huang Zhihong , Fan Xiaotian , Zhang Jingyuan , Zhang Xiaomeng , Wang Miaomiao , Wu Jiarui 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: As non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) seriously threatens human health, several clinical studies have reported that Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) in combination with and gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) are beneficial. This multidimensional network meta-analysis aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of different CHIs in combination with GP against NSCLC.Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for the treatment of NSCLC were retrieved from seven electronic databases from inception to April 30, 2020. Study selection and data extraction were based on a priori criteria. Data analysis was performed using Stata 13.0, WinBUGS 14.0 software. Multidimensional cluster analysis was performed using the “scatterplot3d” package in R 3.6.1 software.Results: This network meta-analysis included 71 eligible RCTs and 10 Chinese herbal injections. Delisheng injection and Kangai injection had the highest probability in terms of clinical effectiveness rate (94.60%) and gastrointestinal reactions (82.62%) when combined with GP compared with the other interventions. Compound Kushen injection combined with GP ranked ahead of the other interventions in terms of performance status (73.36%) and abnormal liver function (87.17%). Shenmai injection combined with GP had the highest probability in terms of leukopenia (94.59%) and thrombocytopenia (99.18%).Conclusion: The current evidence revealed that CHIs combined with GP have a better impact on patients with NSCLC than GP alone. Aidi injection, Compound kushen injection, and Kanglaite injection deserve more attention of clinicians when combined with GP in patients with NSCLC. Additionally, due to the limitations of this network meta-analysis, further well-designed, large-sample, multicenter RCTs are required to support our findings adequately.
Local Perianal Anesthetic Infiltration Is Safe and Effective for Anorectal Surgery
Authors: Poskus Tomas , Jakubauskas Matas , Čekas Karolis , Jakubauskiene Lina , Strupas Kestutis , Samalavičius Narimantas Evaldas 
Published: September 2021

Background: General or regional anesthesia is predominantly used for anorectal surgery, however in the recent years more attention was drawn in the use of local anesthesia for anorectal surgery. In this study we present the technique and results of the use of local perianal anesthetic infiltration for minor anorectal operations.Methods: In this cohort study patients undergoing surgery for hemorrhoids, anal fissures and low anal fistulas were included. Posterior perineal block was induced with a mixture containing 0.125% bupivacaine and 0.5% lidocaine. All patients were followed up at 30 days either by a post-operative visit or a telephone call and all post-operative complications over the post-operative 30-day period were registered.Results: One thousand and twenty-six consecutive patients were included in our study. For all patients' intraoperative analgesia was achieved after performing perianal anesthetic infiltration and no additional support from the anesthesia team was necessary in any of case. Complications were observed in 14 (1.4%). Urinary retention occurred in 5 (0.5%) cases. Six cases of bleeding occurred after hemorrhoidectomy (0.6%) and 1 (0.1%) after lateral internal sphincterotomy. Perianal abscess developed for two patients (0.2%).Conclusions: Local anesthesia using posterior perineal block technique is safe and effective for intraoperative analgesia in anorectal surgery, saving a substantial operation cost by avoiding the involvement of an anesthesia team and resulting in minimal incidence of urinary retention and other complications.
MORTALITAS DAN RESORPSI FETUS MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) SETELAH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL TANAMAN SURUHAN (Peperomia pellucida (L.,) Kunth.)
Authors: Busman Hendri , Nurcahyani Nuning , Dwi Saputra Yosi , Farisi Salman , Salsabila Qotrunnada 
Published: September 2021

Tanaman Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida (L.,) Kunth.) merupakan tanaman obat yang memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan steroid. Berbagai senyawa kimia tersebut yang berpotensi sebagai obat tetapi perlu diperhatikan kemungkinan adanya efek samping terhadap organisme khususnya pada masa kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efek teratogenik ekstrak tanaman suruhan terhadap fetus mencit (Mus musculus L.), meliputi mortalitas dan resorpsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan 20 ekor mencit betina dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok yaitu: K(+) (Aquabides), P1 diberi ekstrak tanaman suruhan dengan dosis (1,68 mg/g bb), P2 (3,36 mg/g bb), dan P3 (6,72 mg/g bb). Hasil penelitian terhadap persentase fetus yang mengalami mortalitas dan resorpsi fetus antara kontrol K(+) dan perlakuan dengan ekstrak etanol suruhan (P1, P2, dan P3) tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik berdasarkan uji ANOVA satu faktor (p value 0,418). Hasil penelitian yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol tanaman suruhan tidak menyebabkan mortalitas pada fetus mencit, namun menyebabkan resorpsi pada fetus mencit pada pemberian dosis sebesar 1,62 mg/g BB, 3,36 mg/g BB, dan 6,72 mg/g BB.

Pepper elder (Peperomia pellucida (L.,) Kunth.) is a medicinal plant that has secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids. The side effects for organisms of those chemical compounds, which are potentially beneficial for their medicinal use, still need to be considered especially in pregnancy. This study aims to determine the teratogenic effects of pepper elder extract on mortality and resorption of mice (Mus musculus L.) fetus. This study uses total random sampling design with 4 treatments consisting of 20 female mice divided into 4 groups: the control group (K(+)) which is given Aqua distillation and the treatment groups which are all given the pepper elder extract with different doses, where the first treatment group (P1) is given 1.68 mg/g body weight of the extract, the second treatment group (P2) is given 3.36 mg/g body weight of the extract, and the third treatment group (P3) is given 6.72 mg/g body weight of the extract. The results obtained of mortality and resorption percentage of mice fetus between the control group (K(+)) and the treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3) showed that there is no statistically meaningful difference based on one-way ANOVA test (p value 0,418). This study showed that ethanol extract of pepper elder causes no mortality in mice fetus, yet it causes resorption on mice fetus at given doses of 1,62 mg/g body weight, 3,36 mg/g body weight, dan 6,72 mg/g body weight.
Videoaulas acessíveis sobre a temática água como recurso didático-pedagógico para promoção da Educação Científica
Authors: Irineu da Silva Roberto , Da Silva Goudinho Luciana , De Albuquerque França Ribeiro Agne , Pires dos Santos Vasconcelos Jaderson , Coelho da Silva Pinto Sérgio Crespo , Mariani Braz Ruth Maria 
Published: September 2021

As escolas são desafiadas a promover uma gestão didático-pedagógica que promova a inclusão de estudantes com deficiência, garantindo acesso equânime aos conteúdos curriculares. Este trabalho desenvolveu uma metodologia de produção de videoaulas acessíveis sobre a temática água, utilizamos experimentações como subsídio didático para contextualização dos discentes com processo de produção de conhecimento científico. Os experimentos cognatos ao assunto foram selecionados e realizados com os discentes para verificação das principais dúvidas quanto ao conhecimento científico associado e a manipulações dos materiais. Gerou-se um repositório vídeo gravações com tradução em língua de sinais. Estas videoaulas (n = 5, totalizando 83 minutos de gravação) foram submetidas à avaliação em relação à qualidade didática e acessibilidade, por profissionais especializados no ensino com surdos e professores de Ciências. Considerando o aspecto de publicitação, foram implementados nestes vídeos, um código digital que, uma vez acionado, gera um questionário para verificação da aprendizagem, além do roteiro para replicação dos experimentos. Conclui-se que este artigo pode corroborar para promoção da Educação Científica Inclusiva, considerando sua metodologia de produção centrada nos estudantes como protagonistas, além das videoaulas constituírem-se em recursos de consultas a estudantes, docentes e intérpretes, cumprindo também um papel de formação continuada.
Prevalencia y diagnóstico de disfunción temporomandibular en la práctica médica - Hospital general María Auxiliadora
Authors: Benites-Vega Juan Carlos , Trujillo-Herrera Teresa 
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el diagnóstico y la prevalencia de la Disfunción Temporomandibular (DTM), en el Hospital General María Auxiliadora, Lima, 2019. Material y métodos: Trabajo descriptivo, prospectivo, longitudinal y al azar. La muestra se constituyó con 76 pacientes, aplicándose los Criterios de Investigación para Diagnóstico de Desórdenes Témporo-Mandibulares(RDC/TDM). Resultados: Encontramos, que 73.7% fue del sexo femenino, especialmente en el grupo etario de 30-39 años (35.6%). La etiología de la DTM, es multifactorial y está relacionada a factores estructurales, funcionales y psicológicos. En el diagnóstico de DTM, la cefalea (38.1%) fue el principal síntoma y el dolor a la palpación de la articulación témporomandibular (51.4%), fue el signo destacado en el examen clínico, especialmente, en el sexo femenino (38.2%). El trastorno mixto de Ansiedad-Depresión, fue el cuadro clínico, de alteración del estado de salud mental más frecuente (50.0%), asociado a DTM, predominando en el sexo femenino (38.2%). La combinación de exámenes clínico-otorrinolaringológico, permitió el diagnóstico de DTM, en 77.6% de pacientes. Conclusión: Los pacientes con cuadros clínicos de DTM, que cursan con cefalea y concomitantemente con Ansiedad-Depresión, requieren un manejo terapéutico integral y precoz, para restituirlos a su ambiente de trabajo y mejorar su productividad laboral; la DTM, debería ser considerada, como una causa frecuente de cefalea.
OF SOME FIELD TRAITS OF WHEAT TO ABA UNDER EFFECT OF WATER STRESS RESPONSE
Authors: & Ahmed Hashim 
Published: September 2021

Two field experiments were carried out at the field crop research station- Abu-Ghraib of agricultural researches office during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 to investigate effect of water irrigation quantities and ABA concentrations soaking and spraying on some morphological traits of wheat cultivar bahooth 10. Split plot arrangement by RCBD with three replicates for each experiment. First trial included for water irrigation volumes which control treatment (irrigation 50% of the water available), 70% and 40% from control treatment as well as rainy treatment (germination irrigation + rainfed) which occupied main plots while ABA soaking concentration (0, 1, 2, and 3) micromoles which occupied sub plots. Second experiment included same irrigation treatments which occupied main plots while ABA spraying concentration (0, 30, 60 and 90) micromoles occupied sub plots. Irrigation treatment 70% of first experiment produced plant height was 97.08 cm and flag leaf area 46.35 cm-2 and dry weight at 100% anthesis 1144.57 gm m-2. For second experiment control treatment gave highest values for duration from planting to 100% anthesis 113.41 and 111.50 day, number of tillers 388.95 and 403.18 tiller m-2 , the crop growth rate 10.61 and 11.31 g m-2 day for both season respectively with no significant difference with 70% of control treatment for both seasons. Soaking concentration 3 micromoles attained the highest value of number of tillers 338.58 and 354.20 tiller m-2, dry matter at 100% anthesis 970.10 and 1102.43 gm m-2, day the crop growth rate 8.85 and 10.16 gm-2 . day for both seasons respectively .While spraying 90 micromoles concentration gave the lowest values for plant height 82.63 and 88.22 cm, but the highest value for number of tillers 336.67 and 384.92 tiller m-2 , for both season , day the crop growth rate 9.13 and 9.05 g m-2 day for first season with did not differ significantly from 60 micromoles . Therefore could be conclude to capability of irrigation with 70% from full irrigation without signification effect in growth traits, as well as can be treat plant wheat with ABA concentration 3 and 60 micromoles soaking and spraying respectively to improve their ability to tolerance water stress .
THE APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR MICRONUTRIENT IN AGRICULTUREAL PRODUCTION (REVIEW ARTICLE)
Authors: & Al-Juthery Ali 
Published: September 2021

Micronutrients can be considered as one of the main component for high and good quality agricultural products and human health. Many Researchers and Scientists around the world indicated that more than 3 billion person around the world affected by shortage in micronutrients especially Fe and Zn .This problem cannot be solved through food additives at developing poor countries and Biofortification is the only answer through naturally enriched agricultural products with micronutrients. Micronutrients can limit food quality and quantity in spite of the low amounts required by crops compared to macronutrients. Micronutrient are available in different formulas and structures as mineral ,synthetic chelated and organic fertilizers and can be applied either to soil or as foliar or mixed of both .However , fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) or nutrients recovery by plants still 5%. Recently the use of nanotechnology for micronutrients in agricultural production being adopted and hope this technology will have an important part in solving the low recovery but the issue at its outsets and still in the need of further understanding ,investigations' and financial support.
EFFECT OF SOME ORGANIC NUTRIENTS AND NPK ON GROWTH PROPERTIES AND LEAVES CONTENTOF SOME NUTRIENTS OF GRAPE TRANSPLANTS CV. SUMMER ROYAL
Authors: & Hadi Abdulraheem 
Published: September 2021

This research was carried out in the nursery of the University of Baghdad- Al-Jadireya during the growing seasons of 2015 and 2016 t0 investigate the effects of two organic fertilizers; root stimulator(Essential plus 1-0-1) and Acadian extraction seaweed as well as NPK on the vegetative growth traits and some nutrient elements content in the leaves of grape transplants cv. Summer Royal. A factorial experiment was carried out according to the randomized complete block design(RCBD) with three replications. The experiment included 12 treatments, the first factor (organic nutrient) included adding the root stimulator to the soil at 4 ml.L-1 (A1), spraying the substance of the seaweed at 1 gm.L-1 (A2), and the interaction (A3), control (A0), and the second factor was spraying with mineral fertilizer TOTAL GRO (NPK) with three concentrations 0, 1.5, 3 g.L-1 marked as B0, B1, B2. The organic nutrient A3 significantly increased the leaf area chlorophyll, nitrogen phosphorus and potassium in the leaves as (32.76, 29.73%), (82.40,76.56%) (30.35, 23.59%), (56.17, 35.34%) and (26.73, 46.17%) for the two season respectily. B2 and B1 treatment were significantly influenced all the measured characteristics as compared to the control treatment, B2 treatment gave the maximum results in increasing the leaf area (48.75 ,50.91%)، leaves chlorophyll content (43.04 ,68.72%) nitrogen (17.22,11.48%)، phosphorus (26.7, 30.17%) and potassium (19.80 ,23.59%) for the two seasons,The maximum values were reached with significant changes in the all measured characteristics as compared to the control treatment at the interaction of the organic nutrient with the mineral fertilization especially A3B2 for the two seasons.We can conclude we can conclude that organic nutrition has positively affected the vegetative growth traits and leaves content of nutrients of Grape transplants cv. Summer Royal.
ISOLATE TWO SPECIES OF COMPOSITAE FAMILY E.armatus BOISS&HAUSSKN AND E.cephalotes DC. BY MORPHOLOGICAL AND VEGETATIVE SHOOT APEX FOR THE FIRST TIME IN IRAQ
Authors: & et al. Al-Musawi 
Published: September 2021

Present study delts with morphological and vegetative shoot apex characteristics of two species Echinops armatus and E.cephalotes (compositae) which collected during trips field to the northern areas of Iraq in the seasons of growth 2012-2014. As it presents the results and characters had been shown for the first time in Iraq. plant species are perennial herbs spinous with woody, strong and solid stems that covered with many types of indumentums like spines and hairs, the study included characters of stems, leaves, involucres bracts and inflorescences as well as characters of growing points of the two species, and by examining buds in inflorescences found that the flowers are hermaphrodite, not sterile which containing all the reproductive organs like stamens, pollen grains, pistils and ovaries, an early dehesence as mature anthers and bloom before the maturation of pistils and disperse their pollen.The study also discussed variations within the characters and it became clear that the characters of leaves, stems and involucres especially inner cycle, including the importance of taxonomic great isolate the two species. Ranged prepare involucres braces in the first species is (20-23) bracts while the number varied between (19-20) bracts in the other one. The study showed the importance of growing points in isolating the two species where characterized by two meristematic area in longitudinal embryos species. The first spices recognized by two rows of cells, while the other one marked three rows or layers of components of Tunica cells area, and ensures find accurate measurements of parts phenotypic as well as illustrations of morphological and anatomical parts studied.