bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cosmetic emulsions containing innovative complex coacervates: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Adeline Delaporte , Michel Grisel , Ecaterina Gore 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveVitamin E, in the form of α‐tocopherol (TOCO), is an essential lipophilic antioxidant widely used in topical formulations. However, incorporating pure TOCO into skincare products poses significant challenges due to its limited solubility and high sensitivity to heat, light and oxidation. The present cross‐sectional study aimed to innovate by encapsulating TOCO using non‐animal sustainable biopolymers through complex coacervation and to investigate the interaction of these coacervates with cosmetic emulsions, focusing on their impact on the emulsions' physicochemical properties and stability.MethodsTOCO was encapsulated using the complex coacervation technique by combining two biopolymers: fungal chitosan and gum Arabic. The designed microcapsules were incorporated into oil‐in‐water emulsions containing natural ingredients, and the physicochemical properties as well as the stability of the formulations were evaluated and compared to those of non‐encapsulated TOCO emulsions.ResultsInnovative coacervates of the non‐animal TOCO complex of 86.8 ± 3.5 μm were developed, achieving a high encapsulation efficiency and loading of 87.0% and 27.2%, respectively. The microcapsules exhibited thermal stability up to a temperature of 220°C and showed improved storage stability of the active ingredient when encapsulated. In particular, 63% of TOCO was retained over 2 months at a temperature of 40°C. Emulsions containing microcapsules showed increased particle size distribution, higher viscosity, and enhanced viscoelastic properties, in accordance with their textural properties. Both emulsions remained stable for a 1‐month storage period at a temperature of 40°C, and no noticeable effect of coacervates on the stability of TOCO in the emulsions was observed.ConclusionThis study emphasises the potential of fungal chitosan‐gum Arabic coacervates as a sustainable substitute for animal‐derived coacervates, demonstrating promising outcomes for the encapsulation of lipophilic actives. When incorporated into cosmetic emulsions, these coacervates enhanced the textural and rheological properties while preserving the TOCO stability over time. These findings suggest that the developed microcapsules offer considerable potential for the development of future skin‐care products with enhanced functional properties.
Urinary continence outcomes after robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: Significance of anterior reconstruction
Authors: Funajima Keisuke , Naito Sei , Fukai Atsushi , Narisawa Takafumi , Fukuhara Hiroki , Suenaga Shinta , Takai Yuki , Takai Satoshi , Yagi Mayu , Kanno Hidenori , Yamagishi Atsushi , Nishida Hayato , Tsuchiya Norihiko 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveUrinary continence after radical prostatectomy is a crucial aspect of patient quality of life. The aim of this study was to identify the factors influencing urinary continence after robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, focusing on the role of anterior reconstruction.MethodsWe collected clinical data from 375 patients at a single institution. Logistic regression analyses for urinary continence rate at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively were performed on the entire patient population to determine the influencing factors. Anterior and posterior reconstruction was performed until August 2017, transitioning to posterior reconstruction only. The impact of anterior reconstruction on postoperative urinary continence was evaluated using logistic regression model adjusted by inverse‐probability treatment weighting in nerve‐sparing and non‐nerve‐sparing subgroups, respectively.ResultsFor the entire cohort, the urinary continence rates at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months were 34.7%, 57.6%, 73.1%, and 83.5%, respectively. Anterior reconstruction significantly influenced early urinary continence recovery, and membrane urethral length correlated with continence rates at all postoperative time points. After adjustment using the IPTW method, the chronological trend of urinary continence recovery rate in relation to anterior reconstruction was similar between patients with and without nerve sparing.ConclusionsAnterior reconstruction contributes to early recovery from urinary incontinence after robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. However, the impact for continence rate 12 months after surgery is limited.
Impact of the Individual Operator Experience and Learning Curve of a Novel Size Adjustable Cryoballoon
Authors: Hayashi Yosuke , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Nitta Junichi , Inaba Osamu , Sagawa Yuichiro , Iwai Shinsuke , Sekiguchi Yukio , Inamura Yukihiro , Yamauchi Yasuteru , Goto Kentaro , Nishimura Takuro , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCryoballoon ablation is less operator‐dependent than radiofrequency ablation. Recently, size‐adjustable cryoballoons (SA‐CBs) have become available. We sought to analyze the individual baseline operator experience's impact on procedural results.MethodsThis multicenter observational study included atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who underwent pulmonary vein (PV) isolation using SA‐CBs capable of 28‐mm or 31‐mm balloon sizes. Experienced (E‐group) or less experienced (LE‐group) operators were defined as experiencing > 100 or ≤ 100 cryoballoon procedures, respectively.ResultsAmong 510 patients (67 ± 11 years, 355 men, 325 paroxysmal AF [PAF]) who underwent an SA‐CB ablation, 240 and 270 were in the E‐group and LE‐group, respectively. All cryoballoon parameters were similar between the groups, except for a significantly higher 31‐mm balloon isolation rate in the E‐group than LE‐group, especially for right superior PVs. Cryoballoon‐related phrenic nerve injury occurred in 34 (6.7%) patients and tended to be higher in the LE‐group than E‐group (8.1% vs. 5.0%, p = 0.16). The AF freedom was comparable between the groups for both PAF and non‐PAF patients. A total of 36(7.1%) patients underwent re‐do procedures at 5.2 ± 2.6 months post‐index procedure. The PV reconnection rate was significantly higher in the LE‐group than E‐group (27.1% vs. 8.9%, p < 0.01), and this trend was more pronounced for right PVs than left PVs.ConclusionsIn AF ablation using SA‐CBs, the overall procedural efficacy and safety were comparable between the E‐group and LE‐group. However, 100 CB procedures seemed to still be in the middle of a learning curve for selecting the balloon size and balloon position, especially for right PVs.
Impact of Anemia on Clinical Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation Patients on Oral Anticoagulants: A Prognostic Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Amin Ahmed Mazen , Elbenawi Hossam , Odat Ramez M. , Elgebaly Mohamed , Al‐shammari Ali Saad , Manasrah AlMothana , Nakhla Michael , Ayman Dina , Ali Mohamed Ahmed , Helmi Ahmed , Abuelazm Mohamed , Ternes Caique M. P. , Abdelazeem Basel , Zeb Irfan , Deshmukh Abhishek J. , DeSimone Christopher V. , d'Avila Andre 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAnemia is frequently observed as a comorbidity in atrial fibrillation (AF), especially in elderly patients and in those on anticoagulation. This has been associated with poor clinical outcomes. We aim to investigate the impact of anemia on clinical outcomes in patients with AF on oral anticoagulation.MethodsWe comprehensively searched PubMed, WOS, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and CENTRAL through March 2024 and conducted a prognostic systematic review and meta‐analysis. All analyses were performed using R V. 4.3.1. This meta‐analysis was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42024556023).ResultsWe included 23 studies comprising 286,781 patients for analysis. Anemia had a significant association with an 84% increase in risk of major bleeding (HR: 1.84 with 95% CI [1.59, 2.13], p < 0.01), a 32% increase in the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (HR: 1.32 with 95% CI [1.10, 1.58], p < 0.01), a 98% increase in the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (HR: 1.98 with 95% CI [1.67, 2.35], p < 0.01), and a 91% increase in the risk of all‐cause mortality (HR: 1.91 with 95% CI [1.46, 2.51], p < 0.01). However, the impact of anemia did not significantly affect the risk of stroke, transient ischemic stroke (TIA), or systemic embolism (HR: 1.07 with 95% CI [0.93, 1.22], p = 0.36).ConclusionAnemia was significantly associated with an increased risk of major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, and all‐cause mortality. However, anemia did not significantly impact stroke, TIA, or systemic embolism.
Catheter Ablation of Idiopathic Left Anterior Fascicular Ventricular Arrhythmias: Predicting Origin Sites via Mapping and Electrocardiography
Authors: Zhou Zhi‐Xiang , Hu Wu‐Ming , Yu Jia‐Sheng , Hong Ze‐Chao , Yan Yu , Shen Yu , Li Jin , Lin Jia‐Xuan , Chen Yi‐Fan , D'Angelo Lucia , James Shea Michaela , Gao Mei‐ling , Lin Jia‐Feng , Zheng Cheng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIdiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) arising from the left anterior fascicle (LAF) are uncommonly seen, and their characteristics still need to be sufficiently investigated. This study aimed to conclude these VAs' characteristics and explore efficient ablation strategies.MethodsData were analyzed from 118 patients undergoing successful catheter ablation for LAF VAs. Patients were divided into three groups based on target sites in LAF: proximal‐LAF group (n = 30, from the common trunk of the left bundle branch to the LAF below the right coronary cusp (RCC), middle‐LAF group (n = 35, the LAF below the RCC and left coronary cusp (LCC), distal‐LAF group (n = 53, the LAF below LCC to the LAF terminal).ResultsFrom proximal‐ to distal‐LAF, VAs showed a gradually decreased Purkinje‐ventricular (PV) and His‐ventricular (HV) interval. For proximal‐LAF VAs, a distance from the sites recorded with the earliest Purkinje potential to RCC of 4.08 ± 1.03 mm predicted successful ablation in RCC. There are significant differences among the three groups in QRS duration, R/S ratio in V6, and Lead I. Using these three ECG characteristics as a panel to predict the origin of LAF VAs, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.96% and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.916–1.0 in the proximal‐ and middle‐LAF group, the AUC was 0.998 and 95% CI was 0.994–1.0 in the middle‐ and distal‐LAF group.ConclusionWhen LAF is anatomically divided into proximal, middle, and distal segments, QRS duration and R/S ratio in Leads V6 and I are available to predict the origin and promote a successful catheter ablation. In addition, combining these three ECG characteristics as a panel can better facilitate the prediction of LAF‐VA origin.
Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate Promotes Profibrotic Factors and Collagen‐Specific Chaperone HSP47 in Fibroblasts
Authors: Ross Gracious R. , Vodanovic‐Jankovic Sanja , Benjamin Ivor J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFibrosis, characterised by excessive extracellular matrix deposition, contributes to both organ failure and significant mortality worldwide. Whereas fibroblasts are activated into myofibroblasts, marked by phenotypic factors such as α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), periostin, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), the cellular processes of trans‐differentiation for fibrosis development remain poorly understood. Herein, we hypothesised that the molecular signalling of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), a crucial biochemical molecule for protein prenylation, is essential in the regulation of profibrotic mechanisms for fibroblast‐to‐myofibroblast activation. To test this hypothesis, we demonstrated pharmacological inhibition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPS1) significantly decreased TGF‐β1‐dependent myofibroblast differentiation assessed by reduced α‐SMA, periostin, FAP and HSP47 expression. Exogenous GGPP in the presence of GGPS1 inhibition restored TGF‐β1‐induced differentiation, supporting posttranslational requirements of GGPP modification during myofibroblast differentiation. Selective inhibition of either geranylgeranyl transferase or farnesyl transferase significantly impacted TGF‐β1‐induced myofibroblast α‐SMA and HSP47 expression. The importance of protein prenylation as a key regulator of myofibroblast differentiation was remarkably revealed by an unexpected decrease in HSP47 expression. In contrast, direct HSP47 inhibition not only suppressed TGF‐β1‐induced α‐SMA expression but surprisingly could not be rescued using exogenous GGPP. A selective role for the ER‐resident chaperone HSP47 expression downstream of GGPP was suggested when the effects of GGPS1 inhibition on periostin expression were counteracted by GGPP and geranylgeranyl transferase inhibition. Taken together, our findings underscore for the first time the functional role of cholesterol synthesis‐independent GGPP‐dependent pathway in fibroblast‐to‐myofibroblast transition and open new potential therapeutic targets for antifibrosis therapies.
A Role for the Hippo/YAP1 Pathway in the Regulation of In Vitro Vasculogenic Mimicry in Glioblastoma Cells
Authors: Roy Marie‐Eve , Elimam Rahil , Zgheib Alain , Annabi Borhane 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe Hippo pathway plays a tumorigenic role in highly angiogenic glioblastoma (GBM), whereas little is known about clinically relevant Hippo pathway inhibitors' ability to target adaptive mechanisms involved in GBM chemoresistance. Their molecular impact was investigated here in vitro against an alternative process to tumour angiogenesis termed vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in GBM‐derived cell models. In silico analysis of the downstream Hippo signalling members YAP1, TAZ and TEAD1 transcript levels in low‐grade glioblastoma (LGG) and GBM tumour tissues was performed using GEPIA. TAZ transcript levels did not differ between the healthy and tumour tissues data analysed. In contrast, YAP1 transcript levels were elevated in GBM tissues, whereas TEAD1 levels were high in both LGG and GBM. All three Hippo pathway inhibitors tested, GNE7883, VT107 and IAG933 effectively inhibited U87 and U251 cell migration and in vitro VM as assessed on Cultrex matrix. YAP1 gene and protein expression were induced upon VM, and its translocation to the nucleus was inhibited by the Hippo pathway inhibitors tested. SiRNA‐mediated transient silencing of YAP1 repressed cell migration, VM formation and CTGF and Cyr61 transcription. In conclusion, targeting of VM using Hippo pathway inhibitors could help circumvent GBM chemoresistance and effectively complement other brain cancer treatments.
Contraceptive and Pregnancy Decision‐Making Autonomy and Health Care Experiences Among Women With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Vallury Kari Dee , Tucker Victoria , Sheeran Nicola 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is currently limited research exploring the extent to which women with an intellectual disability experience autonomy over contraception, pregnancy timing and pregnancy outcome decisions. Previous studies have highlighted inequities in sexual and reproductive health outcomes. However, barriers and facilitators of reproductive autonomy for women with an intellectual disability across the reproductive journey, including health care experiences, are poorly described; this is the focus of the current study.MethodsTen women with intellectual disabilities participated in focus groups or individual interviews where they discussed their experiences of accessing sexual and reproductive health services and making reproductive health decisions. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes elucidate how a lack of sexual and reproductive health information and violence impacted many participants' ability to control timing of conception and make informed pregnancy outcome decisions. The first theme describes contraceptive literacy as a barrier to reproductive autonomy. Most participants received no contraception or reproductive health education prior to their first pregnancy. While most women were aware of common forms of contraception and pregnancy options, their contraceptive knowledge was incomplete or incorrect. The second theme explores how most participants experienced agency over pregnancy outcome decisions, though informed decision‐making was hampered by reproductive coercion and abuse, delayed pregnancy detection and insufficient information about all pregnancy options. The third theme identifies health professionals as pivotal in empowering reproductive agency and facilitating informed decision‐making.ConclusionsWomen with intellectual disabilities demonstrate the willingness and the ability to make informed and autonomous reproductive health decisions when appropriately supported with care and information. However, they face reproductive coercion and abuse and are often required to overcome numerous systemic challenges to assert their reproductive rights. Significant efforts are needed to better understand and address barriers to informed reproductive decision‐making.
Methylene‐to‐methyl ratio variability in Ryugu samples: Clues to a heterogeneous aqueous alteration
Authors: Dionnet Zélia , Djouadi Zahia , Delaye Lukas , Caron Lucas , Brunetto Rosario , Aléon‐Toppani Alice , Lantz Cateline , Rubino Stefano , Baklouti Donia , Nakamura Tomoki , Borondics Ferenc , Sandt Christophe , Matsumoto Megumi , Amano Kana , Morita Tomoyo , Yurimoto Hisayoshi , Noguchi Takaaki , Okazaki Ryuji , Yabuta Hikaru , Naraoka Hiroshi , Sakamoto Kanako , Tachibana Shogo , Yada Toru , Nishimura Masahiro , Nakato Aiko , Miyazaki Akiko , Yogata Kasumi , Abe Masanao , Okada Tatsuaki , Usui Tomohiro , Yoshikawa Makoto , Saiki Takanao , Tanaka Satoshi , Terui Fuyuto , Nakazawa Satoru , Watanabe Seiichiro , Tsuda Yuichi ,   the Hayabusa2‐initial‐analysis Stone team
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the processes of aqueous alteration within primitive bodies is crucial for unraveling the complex history of early planetesimals. To better identify the signs of this process and its consequences, we have studied the heterogeneity at a micrometric scale of the structure of the aliphatic organic compounds and its relationship to its mineralogical environment. Here, we report an analysis performed on two micrometric grains of Ryugu (C0002‐FC027 and C0002‐FC028). The samples were crushed in a diamond compression cell and analyzed using high‐spatial resolution Fourier Transform InfraRed (FT‐IR) hyperspectral imaging measurements conducted in transmission mode. We showed here the spatial distributions of the main components and the structural heterogeneity of the aliphatic organic matter highlighting a micrometer‐scale variability in the methylene‐to‐methyl ratio. Moreover, we connected this heterogeneity to the one of the phyllosilicate band positions. Our findings indicate that the organic matter within Ryugu's micrometric grains underwent varying degrees of aqueous alteration in distinct microenvironments resulting in an elongation of the length of their aliphatic chains, and/or a reduction in their branching and/or cross‐linking.
Genotype‐by‐Environment Effects of Cis‐Variations in the Atgl Promoter Mediate the Divergent Pattern of Phenotypic Plasticity for Temperature Adaptation in Two Congeneric Oyster Species
Authors: Du Mingyang , Wang Chaogang , Jiang Zhuxiang , Cong Rihao , Li Ao , Wang Wei , Zhang Guofan , Li Li 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPhenotypic plasticity plays an essential role in adaptive evolution. However, the molecular mechanisms of how genotype‐by‐environment interaction (G × E) effects shape phenotypic plasticity in marine organisms remain poorly understood. The crucial temperature‐responsive trait triacylglycerol (TAG) content and its major gene adipose triglyceride lipase (Atgl) expression have divergent plastic patterns in two congeneric oyster species (Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata) to adapt to relative‐cold/northern and relative‐warm/southern habitats, respectively. In this study, eight putative loci were identified in the Atgl promoter region (cis‐variations) between wild C. gigas and C. angulata that exhibited differential environmental responsiveness (G × E). The G and G × E effects of each locus were further dissected by measuring the Atgl gene expression of different genotypes in response to temperature changes at the cellular and organismal levels. Two transcription factors, non‐environmentally responsive non‐POU domain‐containing octamer‐binding protein (Nono) and environmentally responsive heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (Hnrnpk), were screened for binding to g.‐1804 (G locus) and g.‐1919 (G + G × E locus), respectively. The specificity of Nono binding to the C. angulata allele mediated the G effects of g.‐1804, and the lower environmental sensitivity of Hnrnpk in C. angulata mediated the G × E effects of g.‐1919, jointly regulating the trade‐offs between higher constitutive and lower plastic expression of Atgl gene expression in C. angulata. This study served as an experimental case to reveal how the genetic variations with G and (or) G × E effects propagate into the divergent pattern of plasticity in environmental adaptive traits, which provides new insights into predicting the adaptability of marine organisms to future climate changes.
The Negative Regulators of the Basal Defence WRKY7, WRKY11 and WRKY17 Modulate the Jasmonic Acid Pathway and an Alternative Splicing Regulatory Network in Response to Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Fuenzalida‐Valdivia Isabel , Herrera‐Vásquez Ariel , Gangas María Victoria , Sáez‐Vásquez Julio , Álvarez José Miguel , Meneses Claudio , Blanco‐Herrera Francisca 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn Arabidopsis thaliana, the transcription factors WRKY7, WRKY11 and WRKY17 act as negative defence regulators against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000. However, their coordinated regulation of gene expression has yet to be fully explored. In this study, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis on the triple mutant wrky7/11/17 in response to Pst DC3000 at 0, 3 and 24 h post‐inoculation (hpi). Our results suggest that at early infection stages (0 and 3 hpi), WRKY7, WRKY11 and WRKY17 significantly repress a group of genes involved in signal perception and transduction, including receptor‐like kinases. Furthermore, at later stages of interaction (24 hpi), these transcription factors induce genes related to the biosynthesis and signalling of the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway. Further infection experiments with Pst DC3000 in plants treated with methyl jasmonate (a JA analogue) and infections with Botrytis cinerea, a pathogen against which JA‐mediated responses are crucial for effective defence, support this proposal. Moreover, we analysed the role of WRKY7, WRKY11 and WRKY17 in alternative splicing regulation. A comparison between differentially expressed (DEG) and spliced (DAS) genes revealed that over 80% of DAS events do not occur in conjunction with overall changes in gene expression. Alternative splicing events were found in genes with functions in splicing and the JA pathway, such as ALY4, PRP40A, JAZ3 and JAZ10. These results suggest that WRKY7, WRKY11 and WRKY17 can also participate in this layer of gene expression regulation to modulate immunity negatively.