bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalência de casos de HIV/AIDS nos últimos 10 anos no Brasil
Authors: Batista Rosilda Maria , Andrade Samilla da Silva , Souza Thamyres Fernanda Moura Pedrosa 
Published: November 2021

O Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana popularmente conhecido como HIV, é o agente causador da AIDS (Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida), que afeta o sistema imunológico, deixando o organismo infectado susceptível a contrair outras doenças oportunistas causadas por outros vírus, bactérias, fungos ou protozoários que causam complicações podendo levar ao óbito. Os primeiros relatos da AIDS no Brasil surgiram no início da década de 1980, com uma disseminação muito rápida em todas as regiões do país, porém, a prevalência de casos em maior proporção encontra-se até os dias atuais entre os heterossexuais no sul e Sudeste do Brasil. Passaram-se algumas décadas desde a descoberta do HIV, e mesmo o país se posicionando com relação ao enfretamento da doença e com os avanços no tratamento, é nítido que a epidemia está longe de ser controlada, e que os índices de novos casos anuais ainda têm sido bastante expressivos. A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar através de dados estatísticos ao longo dos anos, qual a população é mais acometida pela infecção do HIV/AIDS no Brasil, como se dá o tratamento e qual a sua relação com as doenças oportunistas.
HUBUNGAN USIA, PARITAS DAN PENGETAHUAN IBU NIFAS TERHADAP PERAWATAN PAYUDARA DI PUSKESMAS SUNGAI DURIAN TAHUN 2021
Authors: Lisnawati, Ribka Laoly Telly Katharina, 
Published: November 2021

Masa nifas (puerperium) dimulai sejak 2 jam setelah lahirnya plasenta sampai dengan 6 minggu (42 hari) setelah itu. Perawatan payudara adalah suatu tindakan untuk merawat payudara terutama pada masa nifas (masa menyusui) untuk memperlancarkan pengeluaran ASI. Berdasarkan data yang didapat dari Puskesmas Sungai Durian Tahun 2021 masih banyak ibu nifas yang belum mengetahui perawatan payudara dan pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang perawatan payudara masih kurang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah analitik korelasi yaitu suatu metode untuk menganalisis hubungan antara dua variabel atau lebih dan menghubungkan ke dua variabel dengan pengujian hipotesis, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu nifas yang ada di Puskesmas Sungai Durian Tahun 2021 dengan sampel 30 orang. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini dari 30 responden tentang perawatan payudara di dapatkan hasil bahwa sebagian besar responden yaitu 18 orang (60.0%) melakukan perawatan payudara, hampir seluruh responden yaitu 24 orang (80.0%) berusia 20-30 tahun, sebagian besar responden yaitu 17 orang (56.7%) multipara, sebagian dari responden yaitu 14 orang (56,7%) berpengetahuan baik tentang perawatan payudara, dan analisis bivariat adalah tidak ada hubungan antara usia dengan perawatan payudara dengan hasil p-value 1.000 >0,05, tidak ada hubungan antara paritas dengan perawatan payudara dengan hasil p-value 0,627 > 0,05, dan tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan perawatan payudara dengan hasil p-value 0.200>0,05.Saran yang diberikan dari penelitian ini agar para tenaga kesehatan dapat memberikan informasi tentang perawatan payudara melalui penyuluhan dan adanya poster diruangan perawatan ibu nifas tentang cara perawatan payudara.
KOMUNIKASI EFEKTITIF DAN PRODUKTIF DI MASA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DI SD PANGUDI LUHUR JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Limbong Mesta 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak
Kegalauan berkepanjangan terhadap pelayanan Pendidikan dirasakan para guru yang mengajar di Sekolah Dasar Pangudi Luhur (SD PL), Jakarta Selatan. Dari diskusi bersama kepala sekolah dan merujuk hasil rapat kerja 25 Juni 2021, mengharapkan adanya pembekalan yang berhubungan dengan komunikasi dan pembelajaran jarak jauh yang dapat mencerahkan para guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran supaya efektivitas dan produk tetap dicapai selama masa PJJ. Seluruh guru berjumlah sekatar 30 orang guru. shering pengalaman berkomunikasi dengan orangtua menjadi patokan bagi pendampingan yang dilakukan terhadap guru-guru.
Metode yang digunakan adalah shering pengalaman, dilanjutkan dengan pembekalan dari nara sumber dengan topik Komunikasi efektif dan tetap produktif dan materi berikutnya PJJ suatu keniscahayaan, dan dilanjutkan dengan diskusi. Kegiatan yang dilakukan empat jam sepuluh menit.
Hasil temuan umumnya guru telah paham mengenai PJJ, ada yang mendapat pembekalan dari sekolah, belajar madiri. Dan, umumnya menyadari bahwa PJJ memiliki keunikan dan mereka sadar bahwa ada bagian dari aktivitas yang berhubungan dengan afektif sulit untuk di ukur. Pendampingan yang dilakukan dengan waktu yang terbatas diharapkan berdampak terhadap pelayanan PJJ untuk tahun ajaran yang sedang berlangsung.
Kata Kunci: Komunikasi Efektif, Pemelajaran jarak Jauh (PJJ)
SOSIALISASI MENGELOLA KEUANGAN USAHA DI PERKUMPULAN PERSATUAN WANITA METHODIST INDONESIA GEREJA METHODIST INDONESIA SUNGAI YORDAN BEKASI
Authors: Purnama Riwandari Juniasti , Edison Siregar  , Oppusunggu Lis Sintha , Fery Tobing  
Published: November 2021

Tujuan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di Perkumpulan Persatuan Wanita Methodist Indonesia (PWMI) Gereja Methodist Indonesia Sungai Yordan yang beranggotakan ibu rumah tangga adalah memberikan penyuluhan kepada para ibu rumah tangga tersebut tentang mengelola keuangan usaha. Metode pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah memberikan penyuluhan dan edukasi tentang pengenalan usaha/bisnis sampingan dengan modal kecil, Prilaku Konsumen di Era New Normal, Analisis Break Even Point, dan Cara Mengelola Laba Usaha. Hasil dan implikasi dalam kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini adalah ibu rumah tangga yang tergabung dalam PWMI mengenal berbagai jenis bisnis sampingan yang potensial yang dapat dilakukan oleh ibu rumah tangga yang mobilitas terbatasnya terbatas dan dengan modal yang kecil. Mengetahui tantangan apa saja yang akan dihadapi oleh pemilik usaha agar bisa bertahan hidup di tengah perubahan perilaku konsumen/masyarakat dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya pada masa new normal; mendapat bekal pengetahuan dalam menganalisis usaha, break event point dan memperoleh pengetahuan bagaimana mengelola keuntungan/laba usaha agar laba usaha dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan usahanya.
Kata kunci : literasi keuangan, ibu rumah tanga, usaha sampingan
The Professionalism Of Teachers In Public Elementary School State Of West Perak, VI No 494, Dolphin Street No. 29 City Of Surabaya
Authors: Nubatonis Wasty Tabita , Permana Surja 
Published: November 2021

Professional teachers hold the main key to improving the quality of education in the future. As for the formulation problem in this study, how is the professionalism of teachers in Elementary school State of West Perak VI?. This study aims to determine the professionalism of teachers in Elementary school State of West Perak VI . The approach used in this research is Qualitative with the interview method. The research data dan comes from the headmaster and teachers. The subjects of this study were four informants, namely one headmaster, one Christian religion subject teacher and two class teachers. The reason the researcher took the subject was based on the consideration of the headmaster that due to limited time and energy it was better to take the four informats. Data collection was done by interviewing techniques. atlas. ti and drawing conclusions were used to process the interview data. The result showed that the teachers at SDN Perak Barat VI had carried out their duties professionally. It is recommended for teacher profesionalism in the teaching and learning process.
Revising Host Phenotypes of Sepsis Using Microbiology
Authors: Zhao Huiying , Kennedy Jason N. , Wang Shu , Brant Emily B. , Bernard Gordon R. , DeMerle Kimberley , Chang Chung-Chou H. , Angus Derek C. , Seymour Christopher W. 
Published: November 2021

Background: There is wide heterogeneity in sepsis in causative pathogens, host response, organ dysfunction, and outcomes. Clinical and biologic phenotypes of sepsis are proposed, but the role of pathogen data on sepsis classification is unknown.Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Recombinant Human Activated Protein C (rhAPC) Worldwide Evaluation in Severe Sepsis (PROWESS) Study. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify sepsis phenotypes using, (i) only clinical variables (“host model”) and, (ii) combining clinical with microbiology variables (e.g., site of infection, culture-derived pathogen type, and anti-microbial resistance characteristics, “host-pathogen model”). We describe clinical characteristics, serum biomarkers, and outcomes of host and host-pathogen models. We tested the treatment effects of rhAPC by phenotype using Kaplan-Meier curves.Results: Among 1,690 subjects with severe sepsis, latent class modeling derived a 4-class host model and a 4-class host-pathogen model. In the host model, alpha type (N = 327, 19%) was younger and had less shock; beta type (N=518, 31%) was older with more comorbidities; gamma type (N = 532, 32%) had more pulmonary dysfunction; delta type (N = 313, 19%) had more liver, renal and hematologic dysfunction and shock. After the addition of microbiologic variables, 772 (46%) patients changed phenotype membership, and the median probability of phenotype membership increased from 0.95 to 0.97 (P &lt; 0.01). When microbiology data were added, the contribution of individual variables to phenotypes showed greater change for beta and gamma types. In beta type, the proportion of abdominal infections (from 20 to 40%) increased, while gamma type patients had an increased rate of lung infections (from 50 to 78%) with worsening pulmonary function. Markers of coagulation such as d-dimer and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 were greater in the beta type and lower in the gamma type. The 28 day mortality was significantly different for individual phenotypes in host and host-pathogen models (both P &lt; 0.01). The treatment effect of rhAPC obviously changed in gamma type when microbiology data were added (P-values of log rank test changed from 0.047 to 0.780).Conclusions: Sepsis host phenotype assignment was significantly modified when microbiology data were added to clinical variables, increasing cluster cohesiveness and homogeneity.
Detection of Mosaic Variants in Mothers of MPS II Patients by Next Generation Sequencing
Authors: Oliveira Netto Alice Brinckmann , Brusius-Facchin Ana Carolina , Leistner-Segal Sandra , Kubaski Francyne , Josahkian Juliana , Giugliani Roberto 
Published: November 2021

Mucopolysaccharidosis type II is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the IDS gene that encodes the iduronate-2-sulfatase enzyme. The IDS gene is located on the long arm of the X-chromosome, comprising 9 exons, spanning approximately 24 kb. The analysis of carriers, in addition to detecting mutations in patients, is essential for genetic counseling, since the risk of recurrence for male children is 50%. Mosaicism is a well-known phenomenon described in many genetic disorders caused by a variety of mechanisms that occur when a mutation arises in the early development of an embryo. Sanger sequencing is limited in detecting somatic mosaicism and sequence change levels of less than 20% may be missed. The Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has been increasingly used in diagnosis. It is a sensitive and fast method for the detection of somatic mosaicism. Compared to Sanger sequencing, which represents a cumulative signal, NGS technology analyzes the sequence of each DNA read in a sample. NGS might therefore facilitate the detection of mosaicism in mothers of MPS II patients. The aim of this study was to reanalyze, by NGS, all MPS II mothers that showed to be non-carriers by Sanger analysis. Twelve non-carriers were selected for the reanalysis on the Ion PGM and Ion Torrent S5 platform, using a custom panel that includes the IDS gene. Results were visualized in the Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV). We were able to detected the presence of the variant previously found in the index case in three of the mothers, with frequencies ranging between 13 and 49% of the reads. These results suggest the possibility of mosaicism in the mothers. The use of a more sensitive technology for detecting low-level mosaic mutations is essential for accurate recurrence-risk estimates. In our study, the NGS analysis showed to be an effective methodology to detect the mosaic event.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Prognosis of Post-stroke Fatigue: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Long , Zhao Xue-min , Wang Fu-yu , Wu Jun-Cang , Wang Yu 
Published: November 2021

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation in post-stroke fatigue (PSF) patients with vitamin D deficiency on fatigue symptoms and outcomes.Methods: Patients with primary acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were recruited consecutively from July 2016 to June 2018. Post-stroke fatigue patients were screened out with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) questionnaire, serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)-D] were assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and neurological function was evaluated with FSS and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scoring criteria. Post-stroke fatigue patients with vitamin D deficiency were divided into two groups: a study group in which patients received vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol, 600 IU/day) along with usual care, and a control group in which patients received usual care alone. At the end of 1 and 3 months after treatment, all PSE patients accepted re-measurement of serum vitamin D and re-evaluation of fatigue and neurological function.Results: A total of 532 AIS patients were consecutively recruited to participate in this study. Patients without PSF, non-vitamin D deficiency, pre-stroke fatigue, or vitamin D supplementation were excluded from the study. In addition, patients who were lost to follow-up were also excluded. Finally, 139 out of 532 (26.1%) patients with PSF and vitamin D deficiency received vitamin D supplementation treatment. Fatigue Severity Scale score was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group at 1 month (t = −4.731, p &lt; 0.01) and 3 months (t = −7.937, p &lt; 0.01) after treatment. One month after treatment, mRS score in the study group was lower than that in the control group without statistical difference (t = −0.660, p &gt; 0.05), whereas mRS was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group at 3 months after treatment (t = −4.715, p &lt; 0.01).Conclusions: Our results indicated that vitamin D supplementation could improve fatigue symptoms and neurological outcomes in PSF patients with vitamin D deficiency. Subject to replication in other settings, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) might be undertaken to validate the potential beneficial impact of vitamin D supplementation in post-stroke patients found to be vitamin D deficient.
The Added Benefit of Opicapone When Used Early in Parkinson's Disease Patients With Levodopa-Induced Motor Fluctuations: A Post-hoc Analysis of BIPARK-I and -II
Authors: Rocha José-Francisco , Ebersbach Georg , Lees Andrew , Tolosa Eduardo , Ferreira Joaquim J. , Poewe Werner , Rascol Olivier , Stocchi Fabrizio , Antonini Angelo , Magalhães Diogo , Gama Helena , Soares-da-Silva Patrício 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Opicapone (OPC) was efficacious in reducing OFF-time in two pivotal trials in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and end-of-dose motor fluctuations (BIPARK-I and -II). Post-hoc analyses of these trials evaluated the efficacy of OPC following pre-defined segmentation of the wide spectrum of motor fluctuations in PD.Methods: Data from matching treatment arms in BIPARK-I and -II were combined for the placebo (PLC) and OPC 50-mg groups, and exploratory post-hoc analyses were performed to investigate the efficacy of OPC 50 mg vs. PLC in subgroups of patients who were in “earlier” vs. “later” stages of both their disease course (e.g., duration of PD &lt;6 years vs. ≥6 years) and levodopa treatment pathway (e.g., number of daily levodopa intakes &lt;4 vs. ≥4). Efficacy variables included changes from baseline in absolute OFF-time and total ON-time.Results: The Full Analysis Set included 517 patients (PLC, n = 255; OPC 50 mg, n = 262). OPC 50 mg was significantly more effective than PLC in reducing OFF-time and increasing ON-time in the majority of subgroup analyses (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, patients in “earlier” stages of both their disease course and levodopa treatment pathway experienced numerically greater efficacy when using OPC 50 mg, in comparison with those in “later” stages.Conclusion: OPC 50 mg was efficacious over the whole trajectory of motor fluctuation evolution in PD patients. There was also a signal for enhanced efficacy in patients who were earlier vs. later in their disease course and levodopa treatment pathway.
Longitudinal Analysis of the Effect of Repeated Transarterial Chemoembolization for Liver Cancer on Portal Venous Pressure
Authors: Frangakis Constantine , Sohn Jae Ho , Bas Ahmet , Chapiro Julius , Schernthaner Ruediger E. , Lin MingDe , Hamilton James P. , Pawlik Timothy M. , Hong Kelvin , Duran Rafael 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesInvestigate long-term effects of repeated transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) on portal venous pressure (PVP) using non-invasive surrogate markers of portal hypertension.MethodsRetrospective, Institutional Review Board-approved study. 99 patients [hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) group (n=57); liver metastasis group (n=42)] who underwent 279TACEs and had longitudinal pre-/post-therapy contrast-enhanced-MRI (n=388) and complete blood work were included. Outcomes of interest were platelet count (PC), spleen volume, ascites and portosystemic collaterals. Variables included TACE type/number, tumor type, microcatheter location, Child-Pugh, baseline tumor burden (tumor number/total/largest size), vessel invasion, alpha-fetoprotein, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. Generalized Estimating Equations assessed the associations between TACE and outcomes. Power analysis determined the sample size was sufficient.ResultsNo significant change in PC over time was observed in either groups, regardless of liver function (P&gt;0.05). Baseline spleen volume was 226 cm3 for metastatic group, and was larger by 204 cm3 for HCC group (P&lt;0.001). Spleen volume increased by 20 cm3 (95%CI: 8-32; P=0.001) for both groups after 1stTACE and by 16cm3/TACE (P=0.099) over the full follow-up (up to 9TACEs). Spleen volume also tended to increase by 23cm3 (95%CI: -1–48; P=0.064) with higher tumor burden. Odds of developing moderate/severe ascites for metastatic patients was decreased by 0.5 (95%CI: 0.3–0.9; P=0.014), regardless of the Child-Pugh, and increased by 1.5 (95%CI: 1.2–1.9; P&lt;0.001) among HCC patients with unstable Child-Pugh, whereas no change was noted with stable Child-Pugh. HCC patients with unstable Child-Pugh demonstrated a significant increase in portosystemic collaterals number over time (P=0.008). PVP-related complications such as variceal bleeding post-TACE were low (0.4%).ConclusionRepeated TACEs did seem to have an impact on PVP. However, the increase in PVP had marginal effects with low portal hypertension-related complications.
Screening to Identify an Immune Landscape-Based Prognostic Predictor and Therapeutic Target for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Shen Yanting , Xu Huan , Long Manmei , Guo Miaomiao , Li Peizhang , Zhan Ming , Wang Zhong 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesExisting prognostic risk assessment strategies for prostate cancer (PCa) remain unsatisfactory. Similar treatments for patients at the same disease stage can lead to different survival outcomes. Thus, we aimed to explore a novel immune landscape-based prognostic predictor and therapeutic target for PCa patients.MethodsA total of 490 PCa patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project (TCGA) cohort were analyzed to obtain immune landscape-based prognostic features. Then, analyses at different levels were performed to explore the relevant survival mechanisms, prognostic predictors, and therapeutic targets. Finally, experimental verification was performed using a tissue microarray (TMA) from 310 PCa patients. Furthermore, a nomogram was constructed to provide a quantitative approach for predicting the prognosis of patients with PCa.ResultsThe immune landscape-based risk score (ILBRS) was obtained. Then, VAV1, which presented a significant positive correlation with Treg infiltration and ILBRS, was screened and identified to be significantly related to the prognosis of PCa. Finally, experimental verification confirmed the prognostic value of VAV1 for PCa prognosis at the protein level.ConclusionsVAV1 has the potential to be developed as an immune landscape-based PCa prognostic predictor and therapeutic target and will help improve prognosis by enabling the selection of individualized, targeted therapy.
Hydroxy-Safflower Yellow A Alleviates Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rat Model by Inhibiting Carbonic Anhydrase 2 Activity
Authors: Wang Yang , Li Xiaoyan , Deng Feifei , Yin Ruofeng 
Published: November 2021

Background: To investigate the therapeutic effect of Hydroxy-safflower yellow A (HSYA) on rat’s osteoporosis and explore its potential mechanism of action.Methods: Bilateral ovariectomized female rats (OVX) were used to establish a postmenopausal rat model of osteoporosis. HSYA was given as an intervention, and estradiol was used as a positive control. The levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium ion (Ca2+), and inorganic phosphorus (IP) were used to detect bone loss. Three months after modeling, the rats were sacrificed and the rat’s ovaries, kidneys, tibia, and femur were used to calculate the organ index. The bone marrow of the femur of the rats was stained with Giemsa staining. The femur strength of rats was measured by INSTRON. The degree of osteoporosis was detected by pathological staining after decalcification of bone tissue. Predicted the main targets of HSYA in combination with bioinformatics, and the proteins related to osteoclast differentiation were detected in combination with western blotting. The effect of HSYA on the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts was observed.Results: The Giemsa staining and serum test results showed that the operation was successful and affected bone metabolism. In the bone strength test, HSYA significantly increased the maximum threshold of femoral load in rats. Pathological examination showed that tibial cartilage, trabecular bone, and cortex significantly increased after treatment with HYSA. The number of osteoblasts increased while the number of osteoclasts decreased—elevated levels of type I and III collagen. Autodock was used for molecular docking of potential targets of HSYA. qPCR and western blot were used to show that the expression levels of CA2 and osteoclast differentiation-related proteins were significantly decreased after HSYA treatment. Cell level results showed that HSYA could inhibit the activity of osteoclasts and the ability of RAW264.7 cells to differentiate into osteoclasts.Conclusion: HSYA can inhibit the differentiation and formation of osteoclasts by inhibiting the expression of CA2 and relieving osteoporosis symptoms in OVX rats.