bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatty acids and volatile flavor compounds in commercial plant‐based burgers
Authors: He Jiang , Liu Huaizhi , Balamurugan Sampathkumar , Shao Suqin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInterest in plant‐based meat alternatives (PMBAs) has been rapidly growing in both the food research community and the food industry due to higher consumer demands in recent years. However, scientific data regarding the health and aroma aspects of PBMA are rare. In this study, the fatty acids (FAs) and volatile flavor compounds (VFCs) were profiled in four types of plant‐based burgers (PBs) and compared to beef burger (BB). Over 40 FAs and 64 VFCs were detected and quantified in the samples. Nonsignificant differences (α = 0.05) were observed in the percentages of most FAs between uncooked and cooked PBs. PBs contained lower percentages of saturated FAs and trans‐FAs, higher percentages of unsaturated FAs, and lower ratio of n‐6 to n‐3 FAs comparing to the BB. The FA profiles in PBs are mainly determined by their ingredients. The VFC profile of cooked PBs was different from that of the uncooked ones. The ingredients, thermally induced Maillard reaction, and lipid oxidation had contributed to the formation of the flavor. For uncooked samples, the VFC profiles of PB 3 and PB 4 were similar to that of BB. While for cooked samples, PB 1 had similar VFC profile as BB. This illustrated the importance of the cooking process for aroma formation; however, ingredients, such as spices, remain an important source of VFCs in these burger samples. Ingredient optimization could be an effective strategy to enhance the flavor of PBs to resemble BB.Practical ApplicationThis study provides the knowledge of health and aroma‐related components in both raw and cooked PBs, including FA and VFC profiles. It also explains the source of those components. This will not only help consumer's decision making in choosing plant‐based meat alternatives, but also help the related industry to choose proper ingredients to optimize the final products.
Histomorphology of the lower respiratory tract in the Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica)
Authors: Marzban Abbasabadi Behrokh , Moradi Hamid Reza , Arefi Shirin , Kyllar Michal 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica) (ICP) is widely distributed in Asia; however, compared with other rodents, little is known about the structures of its respiratory system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histomorphology of the lower respiratory portion of the ICP to provide a basis for the identification of the normal structure of this organ. The larynx, trachea and lungs of four carcasses of adult Indian crested porcupines (two males and two females) were dissected and fixed in 10% neutral‐buffered formalin. The gross anatomy and histology of all specimens were evaluated. A macroscopic evaluation showed unique structures in the ICP respiratory system, including the presence of a chamber‐like structure at the origin of the bronchi and a difference in epiglottis shape between males and females. Histologically, the stratified squamous epithelium covered the epiglottis and arytenoid cartilage, and the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium covered the internal part of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages. Histomorphological studies showed a few goblet cells in the tracheal epithelium. In the bronchi and larger bronchioles, pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia were observed. Bronchi were surrounded by segments of cartilage. Distal bronchioles had a simple cuboidal/columnar epithelium with club (Clara) cells, lacked cartilaginous tissue in their walls and had a complete smooth muscle layer. These results revealed histomorphological differences between the ICP and other rodents.
Robotic inguinal hernia repair: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Qabbani Amjad , Aboumarzouk Omar M. , ElBakry Tamer , Al‐Ansari Abdulla , Elakkad Mohamed S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis of RHR's efficiency and safety, in addition to comparison between open and laparoscopic techniques.MethodsA literature review was conducted from 2000 to 2020 including studies reporting on their centre's outcomes for robotic hernial repairs. A meta‐analysis was conducted. For continuous data, Mantel–Haenszel chi‐squares test was used and inverse variance was used for dichotomous data.ResultsIn total, 19 studies were included. A total of 8987 patients were treated for hernia repairs, 4248 underwent open repairs, 2521 had robotic repairs and 1495 had laparoscopic repair. Cumulative analysis of robotic series: The overall average operative time was 90.8 min (range 25–180.7 min). The overall conversation rate was 0.63% (10/1596). The overall complication rate was 10.1% (248/2466). The overall recurrence rate was 1.2% (14/1218). Readmission rate was 1.6% (28/1750). Comparative meta‐analysis outcomes include robotic versus open and robotic versus laparoscopic. Robotic versus open: The robotic group had significantly longer operative times and less readmission rates. There was no difference between the two groups regarding complications, post‐operative pain occurrence and hernia recurrence rates. Robotic versus laparoscopic: The robotic group had significantly longer operative times and less complications. There was no difference regarding post‐operative pain occurrence, hernia recurrence rates or readmission rates.ConclusionRobotic hernia repair is a safe and efficient technique with minimal complications and a short learning curve; however, it remains inferior to the standard open technique. It does, however, have a role in minimally invasive technique centres. A multicentre randomized control trial is required comparing robotic, open and laparoscopic techniques.
Evidence of negative pressure therapy for anastomotic leak: a systematic review
Authors: Sharp Gary , Steffens Daniel , Koh Cherry E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnastomotic leak (AL) is a devastating complication. Several new treatment options are available, endoluminal negative pressure therapy is one. The aims of this systematic review are; to report success rates and stoma closure rates following endoluminal negative pressure therapy in colorectal AL patients.MethodsA systematic review of MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane and Embase databases from inception to June 2018. Search limits were; English language, humans, sample >5 and >18 years. Search terms were Endospong* OR Endo‐spong* OR Endo spong* OR Endoluminal negative pressure OR Endoluninal vac* OR Vacuum assisted OR negative pressure. Combined with colon OR rectum OR colorect* AND anastomotic leak OR leak*.ResultsTwenty articles met inclusion criteria. There were 334 patients. Reported success rates ranged from 60% to 100%. However, success definition varied considerably. The most widely used definition was endoscopic assessment of residual cavity size, but this also varied from 0.5 cm to 3 cm. Stoma closure rates were only reported in 11 studies and ranged from 31% to 100%. Complication rates were reported in 13 studies (65%). The most common was on‐going sepsis.ConclusionsIncluded studies suggest that 60–100% of ALs heal with endoluminal negative pressure therapy. However, results from this review need to be interpreted with caution because of the variable definition of success. A more objective assessment of success may be stoma closure but this is only reported in 60% of studies. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of negative pressure therapy in anastomotic leaks.
Cost‐effectivenessin surgery: concepts ofcost‐utilityanalysis explained
Authors: Vissapragada Ravi , Bulamu Norma , Karnon Jonathan , Yazbek Roger , Watson David I. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEconomic evaluations are increasingly becoming part of the surgical evidence base. With health and research guidelines emphasizing both clinical and economic benefits, surgeons will need to consider the impact of economic evaluations in the future. It seems reasonable that surgical costs in the public healthcare sector should be justified by the benefits that clinical interventions offer. Thus, it is vital to understand the methodological differences, reported outcomes and limitations of economic evaluations pertinent to surgical practice as well. As terminology and concepts can be unfamiliar to surgeons, understanding results from these studies can seem difficult. This article aims to inform surgical readers of the processes involved in performing economic evaluations to determine and compare the cost‐effectiveness of treatments. The various types of economic evaluations, their uses, design characteristics, model parameters, interpretation of outputs, uncertainty analyses and notable limitations are considered. Through a hypothetical clinical example that compares costs and effects of surgical versus medical treatment for cancer, key concepts in economic evaluations are considered.
Low‐flow vascular malformations of the hand and forearm: a multidisciplinary experience in a tertiary paediatric centre
Authors: Karunaratne Yasiru G. , Greer Douglas , Hong Ling H. , Somia Naveen , Wargon Orli , Adams Susan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundVascular malformations (VMs) involving the hand and forearm in children provide management challenges due to complex anatomy, indispensable functionality and developmental implications.MethodsThe institution's Vascular Registry was searched for patients with hand and arm VMs, supplemented by chart review of included patients.ResultsTwenty‐one patients were identified, 52% male, with mean presenting age 5.2 years. Venous malformations predominated (71%), followed by lymphatic‐venous (19%), lymphatic (5%) and glomuvenous (5%). Symptoms included pain (76%), swelling (71%), cosmetic concerns (81%), functional compromise (29%) and stiffness (5%). Imaging modality was ultrasound (100%), and magnetic resonance imaging (71%). Treatment included compression (62%), sclerotherapy (62%) and surgery (24%). Post‐sclerotherapy ultrasounds showed complete sclerosis (25%), near complete sclerosis (58%) and partial sclerosis (17%). Post‐surgery, patients reported improved cosmesis (80%), size (100%), pain (60%) and function (40%). Complications occurred in 24%, including bleeding, digital ischaemia and thrombosis. Mean follow‐up was 3.4 years.ConclusionChildren with low‐flow VMs of the hand and forearm experience significant symptoms and functional limitations. A multidisciplinary approach to management ensures optimal outcomes.
Mental disorders and risk factors among pregnant women with depressive symptoms in Sweden—A case‐control study
Authors: Lilliecreutz Caroline , Josefsson Ann , Mohammed Hussein , Josefsson Agnes , Sydsjö Gunilla 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionIdentification of pregnant women suffering from depression or other mental disorders is a challenge for antenatal caregivers. The purpose of this case‐control study was to describe mental disorders and the risk factors for mental disorders in women with depressive symptoms assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale during the first trimester and to compare them with pregnant women without depressive symptoms.Material and methodsIn total, 2271 women answered the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at the first antenatal visit with a midwife. An Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of 13 or higher was considered to be screen‐positive and these women were further assessed. Screen‐negative pregnant women, matched for age and parity, were chosen as controls.ResultsIn total, 149 (6.6%) women were found to be screen‐positive. The majority (126, 85%) had at least one mental disorder or risk factor for mental disorder, such as depression (36.0%), anxiety (14.8%), or severe fear of childbirth (20.8%). The screen‐positive women were more often smokers (16.1% vs 1.3%), unemployed (19.9% vs 1.3%), or on sick leave (25.3% vs 14.1%) during pregnancy and more often used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor during pregnancy (14.2% vs 2.7%) compared with the screen‐negative women (P<.001). Among the screen‐negative women (n = 150) only three (2%) presented with symptoms of depression during pregnancy.ConclusionsThe Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale seems to be a valuable screening tool to detect depressive symptoms as well as other mental disorders during early pregnancy.
Too depleted to control yourself? Effect of customer mistreatment on after‐work maladaptive behaviours through self‐control capacity impairment
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhou Zhiqing E. , Liu Yanjun , Shi Yanwei , Xiao Jian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDrawing on self‐regulation theories, the current study examined the effect of the daily experience of customer mistreatment at work on three types of maladaptive behaviours after work (impulsive buying, overeating behaviours, and mobile phone overuse) through self‐control capacity impairment. Further, we investigated the moderating roles of two recovery activities at work (taking some time for relaxation and learning something new at work) on the relationship between customer mistreatment and employee self‐control capacity impairment. With daily diary data collected from 57 fulltime service employees across 5 working days, our results revealed that daily experience of customer mistreatment at work was positively related to employees' impulsive buying and mobile phone overuse after work (but not overeating behaviours) via self‐control capacity impairment after controlling for the mediating effect of negative affect. Besides, relaxation, but not learning, buffered the positive relationship between customer mistreatment and self‐control capacity impairment. These findings shed light on further understanding the underlying mechanisms between customer mistreatment and employee maladaptive behaviours after work and strategies at work that might mitigate the negative effects of customer mistreatment.
Social influence matters: We follow pandemic guidelines most when our close circle does
Authors: Tunçgenç Bahar , El Zein Marwa , Sulik Justin , Newson Martha , Zhao Yi , Dezecache Guillaume , Deroy Ophelia 
Published: January 2021

Why do we adopt new rules, such as social distancing? Although human sciences research stresses the key role of social influence in behaviour change, most COVID‐19 campaigns emphasize the disease’s medical threat. In a global data set (n = 6,675), we investigated how social influences predict people’s adherence to distancing rules during the pandemic. Bayesian regression analyses controlling for stringency of local measures showed that people distanced most when they thought their close social circle did. Such social influence mattered more than people thinking distancing was the right thing to do. People’s adherence also aligned with their fellow citizens, but only if they felt deeply bonded with their country. Self‐vulnerability to the disease predicted distancing more for people with larger social circles. Collective efficacy and collectivism also significantly predicted distancing. To achieve behavioural change during crises, policymakers must emphasize shared values and harness the social influence of close friends and family.
Cultural Components of Sex Differences in Color Preference
Authors: Davis Jac T. M. , Robertson Ellen , Lew‐Levy Sheina , Neldner Karri , Kapitany Rohan , Nielsen Mark , Hines Melissa 
Published: January 2021

Preferences for pink and blue were tested in children aged 4–11 years in three small‐scale societies: Shipibo villages in the Peruvian Amazon, kastom villages in the highlands of Tanna Island, Vanuatu, and BaYaka foragers in the northern Republic of Congo; and compared to children from an Australian global city (totalN = 232). No sex differences were found in preference for pink in any of the three societies not influenced by global culture (ds − 0.31–0.23), in contrast to a female preference for pink in the global city (d = 1.24). Results suggest that the pairing of female and pink is a cultural phenomenon and is not driven by an essential preference for pink in girls.
Assessing the impact of a virtual support group on adoptive parent stress and competence: Results from an urban/rural pilot study
Authors: Miller J. Jay , Cooley Morgan , Niu Chunling , Segress Melissa , Fletcher Jessica , Bowman Karen , Pachner Theresia Maria 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDespite the use of support groups among adoptive parents, few empirical works have assessed outcomes associated with participation in these groups, particularly those delivered via virtual platforms. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of participation in a virtual, pilot‐phase 10‐week adoptive parent support group, on adoptive parent stress and parental competence. The pilot included support groups at two sites in one south‐eastern state, one urban and the other rural. Data were collected via a retrospective pre‐/post‐design and utilized the Parental Stress Scale and Parental Sense of Competency measures to assess variables of interest. Analyses indicate significant increases in adoptive parent competency and significant decreases in parental stress within support groups at the urban site. No such significant differences were detected for participants in the rural group. Overall, findings indicate that support groups can be beneficial in addressing challenges associated with caregiver stress and competency among adoptive parents. As well, data suggest the need to be attentive to support group structure and duration, among other factors. After a brief review of pertinent background information, this paper will outline findings from this study and discuss salient implications derived from this effort.
Designed for accumulation by dispossession: An analysis of Tanzania's Wildlife Management Areas through the case of Burunge
Authors: Kicheleri Rose P. , Mangewa Lazaro J. , Nielsen Martin R. , Kajembe George C. , Treue Thorsten 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnfortunately, adverse rather than positive local welfare outcomes of community‐based conservation initiatives are quite common. Through the case of Burunge Wildlife Management Area (WMA) this study documents how WMAs in Tanzania appear designed to facilitate accumulation by dispossession in the name of decentralized wildlife management. Based on focus group discussions, interviews, and policy‐document analyses, we show that the process of establishing the WMA was fraught with hidden agendas and lacked legitimacy as well as transparency. Villagers and their local governments were also oblivious to the fact that the village land they contributed to forming the WMA would no longer be under village control even if they withdrew from the WMA. Decentralized revenue streams were gradually recentralized, and when the High Court ruled in favor of a Village Government that did not want to be part of the WMA, higher levels of government scared it to stay and to drop its legal as well as economic claims. We conclude that by mechanisms of rule‐through‐law WMAs deliberately dispossess village communities by attenuating the authority of democratically elected village governments. Hence, the wildlife policy needs urgent revision to democratize and thus promote positive livelihood outcomes of the WMA concept.
Livedoid cutaneous metastasis of signet‐ring cell gastric carcinoma
Authors: Demircioğlu Deniz , Öztürk Durmaz Emel , Demirkesen Cüyan , Şahin Sedef 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCutaneous metastasis of gastric cancer is extremely rare. Nodular forms are more common and inflammatory forms are exceptionally encountered. Herein, we report a case of inflammatory cutaneous metastasis of signet‐ring cell gastric cancer (poorly cohesive gastric carcinoma with signet‐ring cell component) masquerading as livedo reticularis. To our knowledge, such a clinical presentation of cutaneous metastasis has not been reported for gastric cancer. It is imperative to preserve a high index of clinical suspicion for diagnosing cutaneous metastases. Our case highlights the importance of obtaining a skin biopsy in patients with a known history of internal malignancy. Bizarre, newly erupting, evolving, persistent, or treatment‐refractory dermatologic lesions (such as nodules, ulcers, erythematous, reticular, or livedoid patches) might be clues for an underlying internal malignancy and require prompt histopathological sampling. Personal medical history, histopathological examination, and immunohistochemical profiling are equally important in distinguishing primary cutaneous carcinomas from secondary metastatic deposits. Early recognition of a cutaneous metastasis might enable appropriate staging and timely intervention, thereby prolonging survival.
Managing opioid withdrawal precipitated by buprenorphine with buprenorphine
Authors: Oakley Bridget , Wilson Hester , Hayes Victoria , Lintzeris Nicholas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBuprenorphine is a partial opioid agonist commonly used to treat opioid dependence. The pharmacology of buprenorphine increases the risk of a precipitated opioid withdrawal when commencing patients on buprenorphine treatment, particularly when transferring from long acting opioids (e.g. methadone). There is little documented experience regarding the management of precipitated withdrawal. In our case, a patient developed a significant precipitated opioid withdrawal following buprenorphine administration, and was able to be successfully treated in hospital with further buprenorphine. This demonstrates that rapid increases in buprenorphine dose can be used as an effective treatment for buprenorphine‐induced precipitated opioid withdrawal. The use of buprenorphine to manage withdrawal then allows the individual to continue on this highly effective treatment.
Work situation and prospects of recently graduated dentists in the Netherlands
Authors: den Boer Joost C. L. , van den Bosch Luuk J. , van Dam Brigitte A. F. M. , Bruers Josef J. M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionDentists who have graduated recently from a Dutch dental school work mainly in the Netherlands, where collaboration and differentiation are relevant factors. Furthermore, the Netherlands face regional undersupplies of dentists. The objective of this study was to describe choices and aims of recently graduated dentists for the near future.Materials and MethodsAn invitation for the web questionnaire was sent by e‐mail to 945 dentists who had graduated from a Dutch dental school between 2013 and 2017, of whom 230 (24.3%) participated in the survey.ResultsApproximately three quarters (77%) of the recently graduated dentists worked as a general dentist in a practice of some else, primarily in urban areas. The choice for a practice was affected by location, earnings, and the opportunity to gain experience. Furthermore, the career choices were affected most by the desired length of the working week and financial security. The narrow majority (53%) of the recently graduated dentists believed that in 5 years they will be practice owner; 49% expected to be a differentiated dentist. Furthermore, 41% believed they will work in a smaller municipality.DiscussionAlthough recently graduated dentists seem receptive to work in smaller municipalities, the peripheral regions are conceivably less appealing. Practice ownership conceivably is an option for the near future for a narrow majority of the recently graduated dentists.ConclusionRecently graduated dentists have different preferences regarding their work situation in 5 years.