bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric Optimization & Design of Pelton Turbine Wheel for Hydraulic Efficiency Improvement
Authors: Shah H A , Chaudhari G C , Dhiman V D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Impulse turbine is one of the oldest methods of water power extraction. Pelton turbine is one amongst them. There is notable increase in utilization of renewable energy sources and hydropower in developed countries. The potential energy of water in hilly areas can fulfill the demands of the rural areas and can also contribute to grids. The power output of a turbine can be increased from the same input by improvising its efficiency. This paper aims to design the Pelton turbine wheel to improve its hydraulic efficiency. Parametric optimization of a Pelton turbine wheel is achieved by two methods: direct search method and efficiency optimization method. The effect of bucket exit angle, specific speed, speed ratio and nozzle opening on hydraulic efficiency is described here. The hydraulic efficiency of the turbine will be higher at the complete nozzle opening and at a higher specific speed. The maximum hydraulic efficiency is achieved for the specific speed 20.77. The theoretical hydraulic efficiency 93.9 percentage is achieved for 15 degrees of exit angle at 0.49-speed ratio.
Effect of various fin geometries on heat dissipation of traction motors used in Electric vehicles
Authors: Kadam Suhas Sanjay , Umale Sudhakar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The traction motor is one of the major component in an electric vehicle subjected to high temperature variations and thermal stresses. In order to cool the motor, fins are proposed on the housing. Present study investigates effect of various fin geometries such as rectangular fin, rectangular fin with a rectangular protrusion, tapered pin fin integrated with rectangular fin, step fin and wavy fin on heat dissipation of an electric motor by developing numerical model and the comparative study is presented. 3D geometrical model of the motor housing is developed using CATIA V5 and analyzed using ANSYS Workbench 2019 R3. Steady-state temperature distribution in the housing cross section is obtained. The obtained results were found in satisfactory quantitative agreement with the published literature results and deviated not more than 7 percent. Research confirmed that rectangular fin with rectangular protrusions gives the greatest heat transfer comparatively and it is concluded that the life of an electric motor increases as there is decrease in temperature of the motor.
Experimental Investigation of Forced Convection Solar Dryer with Phase Change Material (PCM)
Authors: Raval Rushikesh M. , Patel B.S. , Hadiya J. P. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Solar dryer is an economical way of drying various agricultural products. The limitation of solar drying is that it available only during sunshine hours. An integration of phase change material (PCM) is one of the options to extend drying process after sunshine hours since it store heat in form of latent heat. In this work, an indirect, forced convection, single pass, batch type solar dryer with phase change material (PCM) was designed, constructed and experimentally investigated. Solar collector consists of rectangular pipe type absorber and it works as a PCM chamber. The experiments are carried out on solar dryer test rig under various loads, with PCM and without PCM. The main aim to carry out experiments is that to investigate the feasibility of using a solar dryer with PCM to store the solar energy in form of heat during the daytime, and to release it during the night or cloudy weather. Experiments were conducted to evaluate increments in cycle time, increment in collector’s and dryer’s efficiencies.
Enhancing security in Internet of Things using authentication techniques: A review survey
Authors: Goyal Mohit 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) is an interrelation of heterogeneous physical devices over the network. It can assist the people by utilizing the latest technology through machine-to-machine (M2M) communication everywhere throughout the world. In general, IoT is connected with millions of individuals and computers and also provides the services among these with the help of sensors and actuators, etc. Actually, providing security to all users and its supported devices is a daunting task because as technology continues to grow, similarly various types of security threat and challenges are developing. The main objective is to enhance the security in the Internet of Things so that the existing system can be made more reliable as per user perspectives. To make more secure systems, have to use reliable security techniques and latest standards as per present era development since the old security standard is not sufficient for the user which uses the equipment’s according to the latest technology in IoT. So, biometric-based authentication is considered as the solution from preventing the new security threats in the IoT system. In any IoT system, biometric-based authentication can be implemented by using two approaches; one physical-based biometric authentication and another is behavioural-based authentication. In this paper, behavioral-based biometrics is the estimation and recording of personal behaviour patterns and also their utilization to check and validate an individual computer user using some machine learning algorithms to authenticate the IoT devices.
A virtual biosignals analyzer
Authors: Goradiya Bhargav C , Shah Vatsal , Patel Nisarg , Mehta Yagnik , Macwan Neel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The virtual instrumentation is in great demand now a day due to its flexibility as well as cost-effectiveness. Lab VIEW is a great platform in which one can design virtual instruments. This article deals with the design of the virtual biosignal analyzer. This analyzer has been mainly designed for academic purpose. It can be used by industries for understanding the biosignals as well as to find out which filters are best suited for filtering the biosignals. This analyzer consists of the various virtual instrument applications which deal with the analysis of biosignals like ECG, EMG, and EEG. So that the students, professionals as well as industrialists can understand which filter or which analysis is best suited for the particular biosignals, which can help them to design the real-time instrument. The purpose of this article is to provide the virtual toolkit to the professional working in this field so that an accurate real-time instrument can be designed.
Efficiency Analysis of Random and Fractal Effect on Reaction-Diffusion Equation
Authors: Kumar Anil , Mishra Rashmi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We described a fractal estimate in this article, which is the main aspect of different nonlinear wonders, such as records of coastline and surface development. The efficiency of materials science and medicine has been confused by the special case of simple solution propagation conditions generally used in various fields because its subdivision is nonlinear. The interference effect relationship between the fractal measurement values of the yield variable is obtained at the same time via the restricted contrast technique. In fact, even if the impact of interference is arbitrary, fractal computation is still a stable aspect of the income vector of the reaction propagation condition. The convergence analysis of the proposed scheme and also the validation and analysis of the feasibility of the approach using the order of convergence through the error analysis between the numerical solutions applying the proposed method and the analytical results for two real problems are the main features of the present manuscript.
Recent development in operating system based on AUTOSAR standard used in ECUs for automotive vehicles
Authors: Gokhale Purva P. , Jadhav Maruti 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Development in automotive embedded systems has grown rapidly in recent years due to increased functionality in automotive vehicles. Nowadays, a lot of modern technologies have been implemented in automotive vehicles in order to improve the performance and reliability. Automotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) is a software standard used for development of the new modules inside of the automotive Systems. The evolution in automotive vehicles impacted the usage and design of real time operating systems as automotive embedded systems are mainly dependent on real time operating systems used in ECUs inside automotive vehicle. AUTOSAR based operating system is also a real time operating system which is developed on the basis of OSEK (Open Systems and the Corresponding Interfaces for Automotive Electronics) standards. AUTOSAR is nothing but a standardized extension of OSEK and both play very important role in software development of automotive systems. In this paper, the recent trends in the development in automotive embedded system have been discussed. The standards required for designing a real time operating system have been briefly explained for better understanding of the developments in the automotive embedded systems.
Implementation of Knowledge based Collaborative Filtering and Machine Learning for E-Commerce Recommendation System
Authors: Singh Mahesh Kumar , Rishi Om Prakash , Singh Akhilesh Kumar , Singh Pushpendra , Choudhary Pushpa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This is the era of I-way. The development of high-speed computing and huge storage devices change the working culture of human. It affects the traditional business processes and shifted towards online business. It creates huge problems like overload and irrelevant information which are the causes of confusion both customers as well as enterprise. Recommendation system solves these problems. Design and development of efficient system is one of the key areas of the recent researchers. Collaborative filtering (CF) and content-based filtering algorithms are widely used in the implementation of such system. Collaborative used user’s features while content-based used item’s features. Most of the CFs are rating or review based processed homogeneous information. In this paper we proposed knowledge-based collaborative filtering algorithm for large data set that uses various activities done by users during interaction of item through E-commerce web site like clicks, select and purchase. The performance of the system is compared with the base models using real time Amazon E-commerce dataset using precession, recall and NDCG evaluation parameters in various combinations of activities performed by users on items.
Intelligent and multipurpose smart pole
Authors: Oza Mrudang , Hinsu Lav , Goradiya B C 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Electric poles have been same from past 10 years. No advancement of technology was observed, except the transition from Sodium lamps to LED. While due to its availability and locational advantages, it could provide many fruitful solutions to many current problems we face. Yet the current generation street poles require high maintenance as well as are sometimes unable to perform the sole objective they were meant to. The proposed system aims to develops and upgrade the approach towards the smart pole and integrates into a complete system with multiple functionality and modularity. A better efficiency, better lighting and better interface and interaction are the sole objective of this newly proposed system. It will also address problem of stray animals camping around the poles, which are rarely addressed in yet significantly contribute to street problems we face. The proposed system proposes an autodetection and even effective way of reporting and resolving of issues. If we are talking about Smart city, every element of it has to be made smart.
A Queuing Based Technique for Efficient Task Scheduling in Fog
Authors: Patro Amrut , Ranjit Kumar Behera 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid growth of the IoT devices, Fog computing also known as Edge computing has gained a lot of attention and is emerging as a popular computing technology for performing the IoT applications which requires immediate response in real-time. Fog as a virtualized layer of distributed network present between the Cloud and the end-users aims to process a large amount of data locally and send only the necessary information to the Cloud with a goal of reducing delay and cost. Fog having a limited amount of resources requires an efficient and systematic approach for scheduling of tasks. The sequence of scheduling the resources plays a crucial role in satisfying the deadlines of the requests. Hence, a Queuing based Technique (QBT) for efficient task scheduling in Fog has been proposed in this paper to support the rapidly increasing amount of data, enhance the performance and decrease the response time. Regarding this, an overall architecture is presented along with the flow of activities. Then corresponding node reservation and queuing mechanism with the algorithms are described. Experimental evaluation and results comparison is conducted to test the efficiency of the proposed QBT model..
Optimization and Weight Reduction of Hybrid Composite Leaf Spring
Authors: Upletawala Mohammad Arif I. , Kushwaha Ambeprasad , Bhawde Gaurav 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Weight decrease is one of the significant boundaries in plan of car segments. Such decrease helps to improve the eco-friendliness and execution of the vehicle, the variables which have specific importance in present situation of quickened non-renewable energy source consumption just as a dangerous atmospheric deviation concerns. The current work is aimed to design and analyse hybrid composite leaf spring, in commercial vehicles. For this reason, measurements of leaf spring used in broadly acclaimed business vehicle Tata 407 have been utilized. The goal is to compare the stress, deformation and weight decrease feasible through utilization of crossover/hybrid composite leaf spring when contrasted with regular leaf spring. The composite material selected for this purpose is glass fibre reinforced polymer (E-glass/epoxy). It has been observed that material combination of 2 Eglass + 3EN45 results in weight reduction of 18.14 kg in one leaf spring, which is practically 50% of the conventional leaf spring. lEglass +4sup9 have 50% higher cost than the conventional spring but have lower stress value compared to conventional leaf spring & has achieved weight reduction of 14.77 kg in one leaf spring.
Study on fog computing: security & privacy challenges in terms of IoT
Authors: Singh Jayant Kumar , Goel Amit kumar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
As of late, the idea of (IoT) Internet of Things is pulling in strong consideration because of the gigantic potential. IoT is the systems administration of physical devices that are both associated and smart. Threats and Security issues are a constant problem faced in cloud computing these days, but in total assurance it’s not yet completely researched. Cisco made the term ‘Fog Computing’ which is nothing but an extension of Cloud Computing to the system edge. Along with the enormous advancements in IoT, current Cloud frameworks face different disadvantages, for example, absence of versatility support, area mindfulness, geo-dissemination, high latency, just as digital dangers. Fog computing extends cloud computing, cloud computing give data, figure, stockpiling, and application administrations to end-user, additionally the fog computing likewise offer the types of assistance like process, data, application and capacity to end user. In this manner, fog computing might be viewed as decision for empowering the IoT to offer proficient and safe types of assistance for some IoT users. This paper dissects the difficulties and issues that are looked by Fog calculation regarding privacy and security in detail.
Current Sensor Fault Detection and Isolation in Doubly Fed Induction Generator
Authors: Anitha Kumari S. , Priya C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) is gaining interest as a means to increase the reliability and availability of efficient systems. Measuring sensors used for data acquisition are more prone to failures. The main objective of this paper is to provide model based FDI for current sensor fault closed-loop controlled Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) model connected to power grid. The sensor fault was detected and isolated by two methods including Unknown Input Observer (UIO) on reduced order DFIG model and fuzzy logic. The results show improvement in computational speed during online monitoring when the fault isolation is performed on reduced order models.
Novel analysis of blocking probability along with topologies of WDM Passive Optical Network
Authors: Verma Dinesh Kumar , Garg Amit Kumar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A novel analysis of blocking probability has been studied along with topologies. It has been shown that the algorithm proposed offers the minimum probability of blocking. The performance of wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) has been studied for different values of loads. To analyze the blocking probability, conventional algorithms have been used i.e. random and first-fit wavelength assignment using different number of wavelengths. It elaborates the proposed WDM-PON network in order to serve all ONUs providing the bandwidth as required by each ONU or end user. Performance of the system has been investigated using the quality parameters like signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER) and eye diagram. The result elaborates the performance of proposed algorithm which offers the least blocking probability. At last, study introduces different challenges and aspects of future needs in formulating an effective WDM PON system.
Anti-Collision & Obstacle Notifier Using Machine Learning and Networking Technologies in VANET
Authors: Anitha D. , Anupama C.G. , Sinha A Aditya Kumar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Anti-Collision System for Avoidance of accident occurrence on road among the vehicle will be able to detect the object which is approaching the vehicle. And at the same time, it will also recognize the category of approaching objects to determine whether it comes in the category of obstacle or not. Apart from Object recognition, the system will also be able to determine the distance between the respective vehicle and the approaching object to the vehicle and if the object will come to the nearest distance to the vehicle, which is implemented as the danger distance for them, then the notification alarm will start to ring with the signature of warning signal to the vehicle driver site.
Due to this, the vehicle collision and the occurrence of road accidents among the vehicle will be reduced and also as the system is performing the recognition then the vehicle driver will also be able to see the color of the front traffic light on their display unit.
An Ultra-low Power IoT System for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring
Authors: Agbulu Pius G. , Joselin Retna Kumar G. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Air pollutions induce most deaths from heart-diseases, lung-cancer, and strokes. Therefore, a mechanism to create cognizance of air pollution amongst the habitats of any locality is indispensable. This work presents an Ultra-low-power IoT System (ULP-IoTS) for Indoor Air-Quality Monitoring. The developed ULP-IoTS provides instantaneous indoor atmospheric air quality readings on Carbone monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Fine-particle (PM2.5), Temperature, and Humidity. The IoT-node integrates MICS-5524 and MQ-135 DHT-11 multi-sensors with ESP32 (ultra-low-power) microchip. The node architecture exploits ESP32 Deep-sleep, and Modem-sleep configurable modes to complement the Active-mode and aid optimal power-saving. The real-time readings from the ULP-IoT node is dispatched to an IoT-gateway that eventually post the pollutant-reading to an external IoT-server for user-retrieval on android-applications. The test-bed experimental results validate the proposed ULP-IoTS to guarantee long-term minimal power consumption and reliable indoor air-quality tracking.
Curve Approximation Models based on Statistical Distribution with Application to Photoplethysmography (PPG) Signal
Authors: Raj Remya , Selvakumar J. , Maik Vivek 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Photoplethysmography (PPG) signal captures blood volume change in the arteries that carry blood. PPG signals are often used to check the cardiovascular health in patients. Health care automation have made more importance into study of PPG signal and its automatic prognosis and diagnosis. In this paper we aim to achieve motion artifact reduction using low rank minimization and PPG signal representation in mathematical form using statistical distribution models. The proposed approach has been tested for Gaussian, Bifurcated Gaussian, Exponentially broadened Gaussian and lognormal distributions. The accuracy of each distribution in modeling the PPG signal was also studied.
Investigation of Peak Detection Algorithms for Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation based Sensing Systems for Temperature, Depth and Salinity Measurements
Authors: Rakshit Sampita , Dhanalakshmi Samiappan , Chakravartula Venkatesh , Nandini P. , Kumar R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors are now one of the prominent and emerging technologies in in the field of optical sensing technology and are used for measurement of strain, depth, temperature and many other applications. This paper reviews the accuracy and stability parameters of four conventional peak seeking algorithms. These algorithms are used in for calculating the peak Bragg wavelength for three different scenarios in which the reflection spectrum of FBG sensors are calculated in our case we consider temperature at 25 C, depth at 6 cm and salinity at 25 PSU. The performance of each of the algorithms i.e., centroid method, Gaussian fitting, polynomial fitting and spline fitting are compared for the above parameters for the actual spectrum and the noisy spectrum on the basis of accuracy and stability and the results are reviewed..
An experimental study on cloud computing security issues and a framework for xml ddos attack prevention
Authors: Krishnamoorthy N. , Umarani S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cloud Computing (CC) i is the openness of PC framework assets, especially information stockpiling also, processing power, selective of direct exuberant oversight by the client. In most recent decade, major oddity have gotten known, which gives add more practicality to organizations other than clients. This has seen noteworthy advancement in its working and happen to widely received by either private or public segments. It very well may be seen that more number of associations are communicating their data to the cloud. Alternately, security is a significant caution for the CC administrations which is based on Internet association that makes it vulnerable to different kinds of assaults. In this paper, we do an evaluation concentrate on CC and tended to grouped kind of assaults and likely intimidation to this cutting-edge aptitude, just as stronghold means and clarification to such hit. Cloud Security(CS) is a composite relations of advances, controls, cycles, and approaches.