bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of stator slot geometry on the windage loss in a high‐speed linear switched reluctance motor
Authors: Seshadri Arjun , Lenin Natesan C. , Padmanaban Sanjeevikumar , Khan Baseem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) is designed for electric propulsion application in a Magnetically Levitated (Maglev) train with the base speed of 7.6 m/s and operating at a maximum of 27.8 m/s. In such high‐speed LSRMs, windage loss is one of the key issues of concern. Usually, windage loss accounts for approximately 0.5% below the base speed, 20% above the base speed, and 45% at higher speeds of the total loss of the LSRM. One of the many parameters affecting this windage loss is the stator slot profile. This research work studies about different stator slot structures, thereby aiming to reduce the windage loss through computational fluid dynamics analysis. Furthermore, experimental testing of the LSRM is also done to verify the simulation results.
On the trail of a comet’s tail: A particle tracking algorithm for comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Pfeifer Marius , Agarwal Jessica , Schröter Matthias 
Published: December 2021

Context.During the post-perihelion phase of the European Space Agency’s Rosetta mission to comet67P, the Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System on board the spacecraft took numerous image sequences of the near-nucleus coma, with many showing the motion of individual pieces of debris ejected from active surface areas into space.Aims.We aim to track the motion of individual particles in these image sequences and derive their projected velocities and accelerations. This should help us to constrain their point of origin on the surface, understand the forces that influence their dynamics in the inner coma, and predict whether they will fall back to the surface or escape to interplanetary space.Methods.We have developed an algorithm that tracks the motion of particles appearing as point sources in image sequences. Our algorithm employs a point source detection software to locate the particles and then exploits the image sequences’ pair-nature to reconstruct the particle tracks and derive the projected velocities and accelerations. We also constrained the particle size from their brightness.Results.Our algorithm identified 2268 tracks in a sample image sequence. Manual inspection not only found that 1187 (∼52%) of them are likely genuine, but in combination with runs on simulated data it also revealed a simple criterion related to the completeness of a track to single out a large subset of the genuine tracks without the need for manual intervention. A tentative analysis of a small (n = 89) group of particles exemplifies how our data can be used, and provides first results on the particles’ velocity, acceleration, and radius distributions, which agree with previous work.
Gendersensitives Depressionsscreening (GSDS) – Befunde zur weiteren Validierung eines neuen Selbstbeurteilungsinstruments
Authors: Möller-Leimkühler Anne Maria , Jackl Anja , Weissbach Lothar 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Überprüfung der primären Validierungsbefunde des Gendersensitiven Depressionsscreenings (GSDS-33) an 2 Stichproben ambulanter nichtpsychiatrischer Patienten.
Methodik Die psychometrische Validierung des GSDS-33 wurde an einer gemischtgeschlechtlichen Stichprobe nichtpsychiatrischer Patienten aus verschiedenen Ambulanzen des Klinikums der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (n = 958) und einer männlichen nicht psychiatrischen Stichprobe des Männergesundheitszentrums Berlin (n = 237) durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Die Befunde der ersten Validierungsstudie (Möller-Leimkühler, Mühleck 2020) werden weitgehend bestätigt. Die Daten verweisen erneut auf Aggressivität und emotionale Kontrolle als wichtige Komponenten eines erhöhten Depressionsrisikos. Im Vergleich zu einem Standardinstrument konnten ebenfalls mehr Risikofälle bei Männern identifiziert werden (8 % und 18 %).
Schlussfolgerung Das GSDS-25 stellt ein mehrdimensionales, valides und zuverlässiges Instrument für ein gendersensitives Depressionsscreening dar.
Die Praxis der medikamentösen Alkoholentwöhnung in der Psychiatrie der DDR – Die Methoden der Aversions- und Disulfirambehandlung
Authors: Pontzen Nadja , Schomerus Georg , Steinberg Holger 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Anliegen Die zur Alkoholentwöhnung in der DDR angewandte Aversions- und Disulfirambehandlung werden nach Wirkweise, Anwendung und Heilerfolgen beschrieben.
Methode In dieser Literaturarbeit wurden in der DDR publizierte Arbeiten eruiert, analysiert und kontextualisiert.
Ergebnisse Während die Aversionstherapie über die Ausbildung eines bedingten Reflexes einen Widerwillen gegenüber Alkohol erzeugte, wirkt Disulfiram alkoholsensibilisierend. In der Praxis wurde die Aversionstherapie während der 1970er-Jahre weitestgehend vom Disulfiram abgelöst, wobei es für die Anwendung keine Leitlinie gab. Die Disulfiramtherapie konnte sich als medikamentöses Adjuvans bewähren, wurde jedoch sukzessive von psycho- und soziotherapeutischen Ansätzen marginalisiert.
Schlussfolgerung Die Aversions- und Disulfiramtherapie stellen die zentralen medikamentösen Verfahren für die Behandlung von Menschen mit Alkoholproblemen in der DDR dar, wurden uneinheitlich angewandt und ergänzten ein komplexes Therapieregime.
Berührungsmedizin – ein komplementärer therapeutischer Ansatz unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Depressionsbehandlung
Authors: Müller-Oerlinghausen Bruno , Eggart Michael , Norholt Henrik , Gerlach Michael , Kiebgis Gabriele Mariell , Arnold Michaela Maria , Moberg Kerstin Uvnäs 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungHaut-zu-Haut-Berührung stellt die ursprünglichste Sinneserfahrung von Mensch und Tier dar. Ein Mangel an Berührung in der Kindheit ist mit negativen Folgen für die psychosoziale und körperliche Gesundheit verbunden. Für die Entdeckung von Rezeptoren für Temperatur und Berührung im Körper wurde 2021 der Medizin-Nobelpreis verliehen. Klinische Studien belegen den Nutzen von professionellen Berührungstechniken zur Prävention und Therapie verschiedener Erkrankungen. Der breiten Anwendung einer professionellen Berührungstherapie gilt jedoch bis heute nur ein geringes klinisches Interesse. Wir schlagen eine neue Fachdisziplin der „Berührungsmedizin“ vor und spannen nachstehend einen Bogen zwischen den Erkenntnissen moderner Berührungsforschung und der klinischen Medizin. Exemplarisch steht dabei die Behandlung der primär als Leibkrankheit konzipierten Depression im Vordergrund. Kontrollierte Studien und systematische Übersichten belegen die antidepressive, anxiolytische sowie analgetische Wirksamkeit spezieller Massagetechniken in dieser Indikation. Auch für die Neonatologie, Pädiatrie, Schmerzmedizin, Onkologie und Geriatrie konnte die Wirksamkeit heilsamer Berührung gezeigt werden. Die jeweiligen Wirkmechanismen werden auf verschiedenen Konstrukt-Ebenen diskutiert. Im Vordergrund des internationalen Forschungsinteresses stehen derzeit das Interozeptionskonzept, zum anderen endokrinologische, z. B. oxytocinerge Effekte und die Aktivierung sog. CT-Afferenzen.
Entwicklung einer Intervention zur Unterstützung von
stationär-psychiatrisch behandelten Patienten bei der Rückkehr
an den Arbeitsplatz im Rahmen der RETURN-Studie
Authors: Brucks Adele , Blank Daniela , Kohl Monika , Riedl Lina , Lang Anne , Brieger Peter , Hamann Johannes 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Psychische Erkrankungen sind inzwischen die zweithäufigste
Ursache für Krankschreibungen und die häufigste Ursache
für krankheitsbedingte Verrentungen. Um Jobverluste zu vermeiden
sind besondere Interventionen zur Rückkehr an den Arbeitsplatz
erforderlich. Ein erfolgreicher Rückkehrprozess kann eine erneute
Krankschreibung sowie Erwerbsunfähigkeit verhindern. Zudem kann eine
gelingende Rückkehr in den Berufsalltag positiv auf den
Genesungsprozess zurückwirken. Internationale Erfahrungen zeigen,
dass Return-to-Work-Programme eine wirksame Handlungsoption sind, um
Patienten nach längerer Erkrankung nachhaltig wieder ins
Arbeitsleben zurückzuführen. Return-to-Work-Programme bilden
hinreichende Unterstützungsangebote, um mangelnde Ressourcen
(z. B. fehlende Wertschätzung) und Belastungen
(z. B. zu hohes Arbeitsvolumen) zu bewältigen.
Methode Für die Studie RETURN wurde ein Return-to-Work Konzept
für stationär-psychiatrisch behandelte Patienten entwickelt.
Ergebnisse Die Intervention besteht aus dem Einsatz von Return-to-Work-
Experten, die auf Basis eines Handbuches arbeiten. In klar definierten
Modulen werden mit den Patienten während des stationären
Aufenthaltes u. a. sozialrechtliche Grundlagen und Einzelheiten des
Rückkehrprozesses besprochen sowie schwierige Situationen
(z. B. Umgang mit der Offenlegung der Diagnose,
Rückkehrgespräch) vorbereitet. Nach Entlassung erfolgt die
Weiterbetreuung v. a. im Hinblick auf Erfahrungen am ersten
Arbeitstag, Begleitung zu Gesprächen des BEM (Betriebliches
Eingliederungsmanagement) und Unterstützung bei etwaigen
Schwierigkeiten.
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse der noch laufenden Studie werden zeigen, ob
der gewählte methodische Ansatz zu einer Verbesserung der
Rückkehr an den Arbeitsplatz führt.
Correction of the Nasal Ala
Authors: Locketz Garrett D. , Franco Alexa , Miller Philip J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe alar–columellar relationship is an important concept for the rhinoplasty surgeon to master. The alar rim in particular is a critical component of the nasal tip, contributing to both overall symmetry and proportion of the nasal base. The retracted ala creates a displeasing aesthetic to the tip complex, distorts the nostril openings, and may have functional implications of the external nasal valve. While alar retraction can occur naturally or as the result of trauma, the majority of cases are post-surgical in nature. Many techniques have been described for correction of alar retraction, most of which require open rhinoplasty and many fail to add the soft tissue within the vestibule necessary to properly lower the alar margin. Herein, we present our experience with the auricular chondrocutaneous composite graft—a simple, reliable, and effective technique to correct moderate to severe alar retraction via either open or endonasal rhinoplasty.
Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Patients Victims of Traumatic Brain Injury: Literature Review
Authors: Kalkmann Gabriela Ferreira , Crestani Letícia Novak , Santos Letícia Adrielle dos , Pereira Carlos Umberto 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present literature review aims to present the physiology of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) as well as its clinical course, conceptualizing them, and establishing its diagnosis and treatment. Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity is a rare syndrome, which often presents after an acute traumatic brain injury. Characterized by a hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system, when diagnosed in its pure form, its symptomatologic presentation is through tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperthermia, hypertension, dystonia, and sialorrhea. The treatment of PSH is basically pharmacological, using central nervous system suppressors; however, the nonmedication approach is closely associated with a reduction in external stimuli, such as visual and auditory stimuli. Mismanagement can lead to the development of serious cardiovascular and diencephalic complications, and the need for neurosurgeons and neurointensivists to know about PSH is evident in order to provide a fast and accurate treatment of this syndrome.
Surface Treatment Effect on Shear Bond Strength between Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramic and Resin Cement
Authors: Simasetha Siripan , Klaisiri Awiruth , Sriamporn Tool , Sappayatosok Kraisorn , Thamrongananskul Niyom 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective The study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDGC) and resin cement (RC) using different surface treatments.
Materials and Methods LDGC blocks (Vintage LD Press) were prepared, etched with 4.5% hydrofluoric acid, and randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10), depending on the surface treatments. The groups were divided as follows: 1) no surface treatment (control), 2) Silane Primer (KS), 3) Signum Ceramic Bond I (SGI), 4) Signum Ceramic Bond I/Signum Ceramic Bond II (SGI/SGII), 5) experimental silane (EXP), 6) experimental silane/Signum Ceramic Bond II (EXP/SGII), and 7) experimental silane/Adper Scotchbond Multi-purpose Adhesive (EXP/ADP). The specimens were cemented to resin composite blocks with resin cement and stored in water at 37 °C for 24 hours. The specimens underwent 5,000 thermal cycles and were subjected to the SBS test. Mode of failure was evaluated under the stereo microscope.
Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed with Welch ANOVA and Games-Howell post hoc tests (α = 0.05).
Results The highest mean SBS showed in group EXP/ADP (45.49 ± 3.37 MPa); however, this was not significantly different from group EXP/SGII (41.38 ± 2.17 MPa) (p ≥ 0.05). The lowest SBS was shown in the control group (18.36 ± 0.69 MPa). This was not significantly different from group KS (20.17 ± 1.10 MPa) (p ≥ 0.05).
Conclusions The different surface treatments significantly affected the SBS value between LDGC and RC. The application of pure silane coupling agent with or without the application of an adhesive improved the SBS value and bond quality.
Preoperative Endovascular Embolization of Glomus Jugulare Tumors: A Retrospective Case Series of 22 Embolizations in 20 Patients and Literature Review
Authors: Pedro Matheus Kahakura Franco , Leal André Giacomelli , Ramina Ricardo , Meneses Murilo Sousa de 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective Glomus jugulare tumors, or tympanojugular paragangliomas, are rare, highly vascularized skull base tumors originated from paraganglion cells of the neural crest. With nonabsorbable embolic agents, embolization combined with surgery has become the norm. The authors assess the profile and outcomes of patients submitted to preoperative embolization in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital.
Methods The present study is a single-center, retrospective analysis; between January 2008 and December 2019, 22 embolizations were performed in 20 patients in a preoperative character, and their medical records were analyzed for the present case series.
Results Hearing loss was the most common symptom, present in 50% of the patients, while 40% had tinnitus, 30% had dysphagia, 25% had facial paralysis, 20% had hoarseness, and 10% had diplopia. In 7 out of 22 embolization procedures (31%) more than a single embolic agent was used; Gelfoam (Pfizer, New York, NY, USA) was used in 18 procedures (81%), in 12 of which as the single agent, followed by Embosphere (Merit Medical, South Jordan, UT, USA) (31%), Onyx (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) (9%), and polyvynil alcohol (PVA) and Bead Block (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA) in 4,5% each. The most common vessel involved was the ascending pharyngeal artery, involved in 90% of the patients, followed by the posterior auricular artery in 15%, the internal maxillary artery or the occipital artery in 10% each, and the superficial temporal or the lingual arteries, with 6% each. Only one patient had involvement of the internal carotid artery. No complications from embolization were recorded.
Conclusions Preoperative embolization of glomus tumors is safe and reduces surgical time and complications, due to the decrease in size and bleeding.
A Comparative Analysis of Immediate and Delayed-immediate Breast Reconstruction after Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy
Authors: Christopher Adrienne N. , Morris Martin P. , Broach Robyn B. , Serletti Joseph M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) is an important component in the treatment of locally advanced breast cancer. Optimal timing of therapy in relation to autologous breast reconstruction (ABR) remains clinically debated. Herein, we comparatively analyze short- and long-term outcomes between immediate ABR (I-ABR) and delayed-immediate ABR (DI-ABR) in the setting of PMRT.
Methods Adult patients undergoing ABR with PMRT were separated into cohorts based on reconstructive timeline: I-ABR or DI-ABR. The groups were propensity matched 1:1 by age, body mass index, and comorbidities. Surgical site events and long-term clinical outcomes (readmissions, reoperations, and revision procedures) were collected. Univariate analyses were completed using Pearson's chi-squared tests and Fisher's exact tests, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results One hundred and thirty-two flaps (66 in each cohort) were identified for inclusion. Patients with I-ABR were more likely to experience fat necrosis (p = 0.034) and skin necrosis (p < 0.001), require additional office visits (p < 0.001) and outpatient surgeries (p = 0.015) to manage complications, and undergo revision surgery after reconstruction (p < 0.001). DI-ABR patients, however, had a 42.4% incidence of complications following tissue expander placement prior to reconstruction, with 16.7% of patients requiring reoperation during this time. Only one patient (I-ABR) experienced flap loss due to a vascular complication.
Conclusion The complications encountered in both of these groups were not prohibitive to offering either treatment. Patients should be made aware of the specific and unique risks of these reconstruction timelines and involved throughout the entire decision-making process. Plastic surgeons should continue to strive to elucidate innovative approaches that facilitate enhanced quality of life without compromising oncologic therapy.
Recent Advances in Ultrasound Technology: Ultra-High Frequency Ultrasound for Reconstructive Supermicrosurgery
Authors: Hayashi Akitatsu , Visconti Giuseppe , Giacalone Guido , Hayashi Nobuko , Yoshimatsu Hidehiko 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Currently, microsurgeons are in the era of supermicrosurgery and perforator flap reconstruction. As these reconstructions frequently utilize vessels that are smaller than a single millimeter, understanding of location of lymphatic vessels and perforator anatomy preoperatively is essential. To change with the times, the role of ultrasound has changed from just an adjunct to primary imaging of the choice in reconstructive supermicrosurgery. Recently, a novel ultrasonographic technique involving the use of ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) frequencies has entered the scene, and appears a promising tool in surgical planning.
Methods The literatures on the applications of UHFUS in reconstructive supermicrosurgery were retrieved and reviewed from more than 60 literatures have been published on the surgical applications of UHFUS.
Results Nine studies were retrieved from the literature on the applications of UHFUS in reconstructive supermicrosurgery. The articles report both application for lymphatic surgery and perforator flaps.
Conclusion UHFUS application involves an increasing number of reconstructive supermicrosurgery field. UHFUS is a valuable and powerful tool for any reconstructive surgeons who are interested in performing supermicrosurgery.
Lateral Patellar Inclination Angle Measured via a Two-Image Technique on Axial Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Pace James Lee , Joseph Sheeba M. , Cheng Christopher , Solomito Matthew J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLateral patellar inclination (LPI) measures patellar tilt and is historically described on axial X-ray or a single magnetic resonance image (MRI). Given the variability in patellar height, LPI may be better represented by performing this measurement on two separate axial MRI images. We hypothesized that a two-image LPI measurement would be different from the current single-image LPI and have similar, if not superior reliability. Sixty-five patients treated for patellar instability (PI) between 2014 and 2017 were identified. Single image and two-image LPI were measured on axial MRI images. All measurements were performed by two independent observers. Reliability analysis was based on three observers' measurements of 30 randomly selected patients. Both the one image and two image LPI showed good inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.71 and 0.89, respectively), although the two image LPI had less variability. Both single image and two image LPI had near perfect intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.98 and 0.98, respectively). Average single image LPI (14.6 ± 9.9 degrees) was 6.1 ± 3.4 degrees less than the average two image LPI (19.6 ± 9.4 degrees) (p = 0.037). Referencing a previously described 13.5 degrees maximum threshold, 54% of the patients had excessive patellar tilt based on single image LPI, while 73% had pathologic patellar tilt based on two image LPI. Two image LPI has similar reliability with less inter-rater variability compared with the historical single image LPI measurement. Significantly greater patellar tilt was identified with two image LPI that was found with single image LPI. A larger percentage of patients were classified as having pathologic patellar tilt based on two image LPI than single image LPI. The two image LPI provides more consistent and representative measurements of patellar tilt. Previously described threshold values for patellar tilt should be re-examined using this new measurement technique to appropriately risk stratify patients with PI and patellofemoral pain.
A Comparative Study of Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Levels in Children with Seizures Receiving Monotherapy and Polytherapy
Authors: A. Nazeem Fathima , Kumar Radha , V. Dev Kumar , Chaudhary Devanand Gulab 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and bone health in individuals with epilepsy has been recognized for more than 30 years. Several studies indicate an increased risk for bone loss in patients on antiepileptic medication as well as low levels of serum 25(OH)D. Patients on polytherapy AED are at a higher risk of adverse drug effects compared with those on monotherapy. The present study assessed serum 25(OH)D levels in children receiving AED and compares those children receiving monotherapy versus polytherapy. This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital setting on children with seizures receiving AEDs for period of more than 6 months. Participants were enrolled in three groups: 25 children on monotherapy, 25 children on polytherapy, and 25 healthy controls. Serum 25(OH)D level was performed for all children and analyzed. Serum 25(OH)D levels were normal in 52%, insufficient levels in 43.3%, and deficient in 6.7% of children. Vitamin D level was insufficient in 40% of children receiving monotherapy and 52% receiving polytherapy AED. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 4% in monotherapy group and 16% in polytherapy group which was statistically significant (p-value 0.047). Vitamin D deficiency was higher in children receiving AED compared with normal controls. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were higher in children on polytherapy. Our study emphasized the importance of monitoring vitamin D levels in children receiving AED to detect abnormalities in vitamin D levels.