bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary Versus Secondary Gravity Wave Responses at F‐Region Heights Generated by a Convective Source
Authors: Heale C. J. , Inchin P. A. , Snively J. B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA 2D nonlinear, compressible model is used to simulate the acoustic‐gravity wave (AGW, i.e., encompassing the spectrum of acoustic and gravity waves) response to a thunderstorm squall‐line type source. We investigate the primary and secondary neutral AGW response in the thermosphere, consistent with waves that can couple to the F‐region ionospheric plasma, and manifest as Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs). We find that primary waves at z = 240 km altitude have wavelengths and phase speeds in the range 170–270 km, and 180–320 m/s, respectively. The secondary waves generated have wavelengths ranging from ∼100 to 600 km, and phase speeds from 300 to 630 m/s. While there is overlap in the wave spectra, we find that the secondary waves (i.e., those that have been nonlinearly transformed or generated secondarily/subsequently from the primary wave) generally have faster phases than the primary waves. We also assess the notion that waves with fast phase speeds (that exceed proposed theoretical upper limits on passing from the mesosphere to thermosphere) observed at F‐region heights must be secondary waves, for example, those generated in situ by wave breaking in the lower thermosphere, rather than directly propagating primary waves from their sources. We find that primary waves with phase speeds greater than this proposed upper limit can tunnel through a deep portion of the lower/middle atmosphere and emerge as propagating waves in the thermosphere. Therefore, comparing a TID's/GWs phase speed with this upper limit is not a robust method of identifying whether an observed TID originates from a primary versus secondary AGW.
Effect of Biomass Burning on PM2.5 Composition and Secondary Aerosol Formation During Post‐Monsoon and Winter Haze Episodes in Delhi
Authors: Lalchandani V. , Srivastava D. , Dave J. , Mishra S. , Tripathi N. , Shukla A. K. , Sahu R. , Thamban N. M. , Gaddamidi S. , Dixit K. , Ganguly D. , Tiwari S. , Srivastava A. K. , Sahu L. , Rastogi N. , Gargava P. , Tripathi S. N. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDelhi metropolitan area suffers from extreme haze during the post‐monsoon and winter season, impacting climate, public health, and economy. We used a high‐resolution time‐of‐flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR‐ToF‐AMS) and aethalometer at two urban locations in Delhi to capture non‐refractory PM2.5 (NR‐PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) during the post‐monsoon and winter season of 2019–2020. Four haze periods with high composition based‐PM2.5 (C‐PM2.5 = NR‐PM2.5 + BC) concentration and distinct chemical composition were identified, during all of which organics dominated but with varying contribution (∼[50%–70%] of C‐PM2.5). Biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) was dominant in all periods (∼[31%–45%] of OA), but the majority of it was highly aged ∼(45%–50%) with high O/C (0.71 and 0.46 at the two sites), formed most likely through rapid dark oxidation of freshly emitted and partially oxidized BBOA. High polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) signals in the fresh BBOA mass spectra suggest incomplete combustion activities such as open biomass burning emissions as major source. During an agricultural burning event in north‐western India, we estimated that ∼(44%–53%) of total C‐PM2.5 (combined contribution of aged BBOA and oxygenated OA) measured in Delhi was influenced by long‐range transported biomass burning emissions. During winter, secondary inorganics constituted a significant fraction apart from organics ∼(48%–55%), mainly in the form of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3; up to ∼[19%–25%] of C‐PM2.5) and ammonium sulfate (NH4SO4; up to ∼[27%–38%]). Enhanced formation of NH4NO3 and related‐secondary organic aerosol (SOA) were linked to nighttime oxidation of BBOA, while NH4SO4 and related‐SOA were linked to heterogeneous aqueous phase oxidation under high RH conditions (>90%).
Relationship between biodosimetric parameters and treatment volumes in three types of prostate radiotherapy
Authors: Kocsis Zsuzsa S. , Major Tibor , Pesznyák Csilla , Mihály Dalma , Stelczer Gábor , Kun-Gazda Márta , Farkas Gyöngyi , Székely Gábor , Ágoston Péter , Jorgo Kliton , Gesztesi László , Polgár Csaba , Jurányi Zsolt 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBrachytherapy (BT) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) apply different dose rates, overall treatment times, energies and fractionation. However, the overall impact of these variables on the biological dose of blood is neglected. As the size of the irradiated volume influences the biological effect as well, we studied chromosome aberrations (CAs) as biodosimetric parameters, and explored the relationship of isodose surface volumes (ISVs: V1%, V1Gy, V10%, V10Gy, V100%, V150%) and CAs of both irradiation modalities. We performed extended dicentrics assay of lymphocytes from 102 prostate radiotherapy patients three-monthly for a year. Aberration frequency was the highest after EBRT treatment. It increased after the therapy and did not decrease significantly during the first follow-up year. We showed that various types of CAs 9 months after LDR BT, 3 months after HDR BT and in a long time-range (even up to 1 year) after EBRT positively correlated with ISVs. Regression analysis confirmed these relationships in the case of HDR BT and EBRT. The observed differences in the time points and aberration types are discussed. The ISVs irradiated by EBRT showed stronger correlation and regression relationships with CAs than the ISVs of brachytherapy.
Partial discharge measurement and analysis under lightning impulse superimposed DC voltage in SF6 gas
Authors: Wang Haotian , He Cong , Guo Ruochen , Meng Xuan , Yuan Wenze , Li Junhao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe presence of lightning impulses (LIs) on the DC waveform can seriously influence the insulation performance of a GIL system. The waveshape can be a superposition of the DC and impulse waveform. In this study, the behaviour of partial discharge (PD) on an epoxy surface is investigated under DC and LI superimposed voltage in SF6. The lightning impulses with different polarities are superimposed on the epoxy surface under both positive and negative DC voltages, respectively. Positive lightning impulses are superimposed on a negative DC voltage with a 90% of the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) magnitude. The number and amplitude of the PDs are used to evaluate the insulation performance. The experimental results show that the LI with a different polarity applied to DC can excite the PDs on the epoxy surface. The excitation effect of positive LI superimposed on negative DC is more significant. According to the impulse amplitude and PD characteristics, the influence of superimposed LI on PD excitation can be divided into three stages. As the superimposed LI increases, the amplitude of the excited PD increases gradually, while the PD number first increases and then decreases. This study is expected to provide reference for manufacture and protection of power equipment.
Type 2B von Willebrand Disease: Early Manifestation as Neonatal Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Kranzhöfer David , Pavlova Anna , Schneider Hendryk , Franck Peter , Glonnegger Hannah , Büchsel Martin , Yoshimi-Nöllke Ayami , Oldenburg Johannes , Zieger Barbara 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHere, we report about a preterm female newborn with a prolonged course of severe thrombocytopenia and hematomas. The family history was positive for von Willebrand disease type 2B (VWD 2B). Diagnosis of VWD 2B was identified analyzing von Willebrand factor (VWF) parameters (VWF:antigen, VWF:activity, VWF multimer analyses) and performing light transmission aggregometry (with half concentration of ristocetin). In addition, the diagnosis was confirmed by molecular genetic analysis: identification of a disease-causing missense mutation (Val1316Met) in the VWF gene associated with a severe course of VWD 2B, which had been previously reported. Treatment with a VWF-containing plasma concentrate was initiated. Because the combination of prematurity and very low platelet count is often associated with intracranial bleeding, at the beginning platelet concentrates were transfused. Fortunately, the patient did not develop serious bleeding episodes. Interestingly, the patient had a mutation in the VWF gene, which had been described to be associated with aggravation of thrombocytopenia especially in stressful situations. Therefore, we replaced venous blood withdrawals by capillary blood samplings when possible and, consequently, we observed an increase of the platelet count after this change in management. At the age of 2 months, the patient was discharged after stabilization of the platelet count without any bleeding signs and without a need of long-term medication.
Venous Thromboembolism in Premature Neonates
Authors: Fort Prem , Beg Kisha , Betensky Marisol , Kiskaddon Amy , Goldenberg Neil A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhile the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is lower among children than adults, the newborn period is one of two bimodal peaks (along with adolescence) in VTE incidence in the pediatric population. Most VTE cases in neonates occur among critically ill neonates being managed in the neonatal intensive care unit, and most of these children are born premature. For this reason, the presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of VTE among children born premature deserve special emphasis by pediatric hematologists, neonatologists, pharmacists, and other pediatric health care providers, as well as by the scientific community, and are described in this review.
Dietary inclusion of purified crude glycerin improves bodyweight at slaughter and affects the fatty acid profile of lamb meat
Authors: Ribeiro Rebeca Dantas Xavier , Oliveira Ronaldo Lopes , de Carvalho Gleidson Giordano Pinto , Silva Thadeu Marinello , Costa Jonival Barreto , da Silva Oliveira Vinicius , Freitas Lisiane Santos , Ribeiro Claudio Vaz Di Mambro , Bezerra Leilson Rocha 
Published: December 2021

Context Crude glycerin (CG) is an energetic byproduct that generates glycerol, an energy product that is absorbed by the ruminal wall and conducted to the liver, where it is metabolised and it is converted to glucose, by the action of the enzyme glycerol kinase, in a gluconeogenesis process. Aims The study objective was to determine the effect of CG inclusion, replacing corn bran, in a total mixed ration to lambs, on carcass traits, physicochemical properties and the fatty acid (FA) profile of lamb meat. Methods Forty-four uncastrated crossbred Santa Ines × indigenous lambs were distributed in a completely randomised study, with four CG inclusion levels (0, 70, 140 and 210 g/kg in the lamb diet). Key results The addition of CG up to a level of 70 g/kg to the lamb diets promoted greater slaughter bodyweight, hot and cold carcass weight, carcass traits, and meat lipid content, and improved Warner–Bratzler shear force in meat. Inclusion of CG in the diet did not affect (P > 0.05) the pH and colour parameters (lightness, redness, yellowness and chroma) of meat. The FA composition of the longissimus lumborum of lambs C14:0, C15:1, C16:0, C18:1 cis and ΣFA medium-chain were greater, and FA meat concentration of C14:1, C15:0, C17:1, C18:0, C18:2 n−3, C18:2 n−6, ΣPUFA, ΣFA-old-chain and elongase enzymatic activity were lower in lambs fed without CG and with 70 g/kg CG, compared with lambs mainly fed 140 and 210 g/kg CG. The heath indexes, atherogenicity index and desirable FAs improved by dietary CG inclusion of 210 g/kg to the diet of lambs. Conclusions CG obtained from biodiesel production can be incorporated in lamb diets up to 70 g/kg total mixed ration, replacing corn bran to improve the weight gain, meat lipid content, Warner–Bratzler shear force and FA profile of lamb meat. Meat fat-related consumers health indices improved from the biggest inclusions of CG to the diet of lambs However, the use of CG at levels 140 and 210 g/kg total mixed ration reduces the performance, carcass weight and morphometric measurements. Implications It is recommended the inclusion at a maximum level of 70 g of CG/kg DM as total mixed ration replacing corn bran improves the weight gain, cooking weight loss, Warner–Bratzler shear force, meat lipid content and consequently FA meat composition.
Incremental validity of narrative identity in predicting psychological well-being
Authors: Park Sun W. , Kim Soul , Moon Hyun , Cha Hyunjin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The goal of the present study was to replicate and extend previous research that demonstrated the incremental validity of narrative identity in predicting psychological well-being among Korean adults. We recruited 147 Korean adults living in South Korea who completed a battery of questionnaires that assessed the Big Five traits, extrinsic value orientation, self-concept clarity, and psychological well-being. Participants then wrote a story about how they had become the persons they were, which was subsequently coded in terms of agency. We found that psychological well-being was positively related to extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and self-concept clarity, but negatively to neuroticism and extrinsic value orientation. The positive relation between agency, coded from narratives, and psychological well-being was significant both with and without controlling for the other variables. These results showed that narrative identity has incremental validity in predicting well-being among individuals who live in a culture where collectivism and individualism coexist.
Verbal and non-verbal analogical reasoning in the emergent literacy period: an exploratory analysis of the influence of AR modality on listening comprehension, phonological awareness and lexical skills (Razonamiento analógico verbal y no verbal en el período de alfabetización emergente: un análisis exploratorio de la influencia de modalidad de AR sobre la comprensión auditiva, la conciencia fonológica y las habilidades léxicas)
Authors: Norambuena Yeniè S. , Riffo Bernardo E. , Sáez Katia L. 
Published: December 2021

Despite the important role assigned to analogical reasoning (AR) in cognition and language, the relationship between this ability and language skills in the emergent literacy period has not been sufficiently studied, especially in Spanish speakers. To explore this link, we examined two modalities of AR (verbal and non-verbal) as predictors of linguistic skills in Spanish-speaking preschoolers with typical language development. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted and non-probability sampling was used. Participants were assessed on listening comprehension, lexical skills, phonological awareness and verbal and non-verbal AR. The sample consisted of 48 monolingual Spanish-speaking children from 4.1 to 6.0 years old. Hierarchical regression analysis identified a general model of age and verbal AR as significant predictors of overall emergent literacy performance and also pointed out the different contributions of the verbal and non-verbal AR to models of listening comprehension, lexical skills and phonological awareness. These findings contribute to the discussion on the dynamics of this relationship in the emergent literacy period and underscore the need to analyse specific analogical modalities in models of language development.
Development of an improved mathematical model for the dynamic response of a sphere located at a viscoelastic medium interface
Authors: Koruk H 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A comprehensive investigation on the static and dynamic responses of a sphere located at elastic and viscoelastic medium interfaces is performed in this study. First, the mathematical models commonly used for predicting the static displacement of a sphere located at an elastic medium interface are presented and their performances are compared. After that, based on the finite element analyses, an accurate mathematical model to predict the static displacement of a sphere located at an elastic medium interface valid for different Poisson’s ratios of the medium and small and large sphere displacements is proposed. Then, an improved mathematical model for the dynamic response of a sphere located at a viscoelastic medium interface is developed. In addition to the Young’s modulus of the medium and the radius of the sphere, the model takes into account the density, Poisson’s ratio and viscosity of the medium, the mass of the sphere and the radiation damping. The effects of the radiation damping, the Young’s modulus, density and viscosity of the medium and the density of the sphere on the dynamic response of the sphere located at a viscoelastic medium interface are explored. The developed model can be used to understand the dynamic responses of spherical objects located at viscoelastic medium interfaces in practical applications. Furthermore, the proposed model is a significant tool for graduate students and researchers in the fields of engineering, materials science and physics to gain insight into the dynamic responses of spheres located at viscoelastic medium interfaces.
Photonic crystal meso-cavity with double resonance for second-harmonic generation
Authors: Medina-Vázquez José A , González-Ramírez Evelyn Y , Murillo-Ramírez José G 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, we study a composite zinc oxide photonic crystal (PhC) that includes a meso-cavity coupled to a PhC L3 microcavity to obtain a double resonance effect and second-harmonic generation (SHG) conversion efficiency as high as 468 W−1. This exceptional conversion efficiency was attributed to the high quality-factors Q found in the fundamental and second-harmonic (SH) modes whose values were of the order of 105 and 106, respectively. Since the L3 microcavity plays a relevant role in the SHG of the composite PhC, we performed a calculation of its photonic band structure to observe the induced modes in its bandgap. Furthermore, we also found that the resonant mode adjusted to the frequency of the SH exhibits high Purcell factors of the order of 105. Hence, in a semiconductor material, it can be easily enhanced the light emission at the SH frequency using an adequate driving fundamental frequency light beam. These results can stimulate the engineering of photonic nanostructures in semiconductor materials to achieve highly efficient non-linear effects with applications in cavity quantum electrodynamics.
Zinc oxide hollow spheres decorated with cerium dioxide. The role of morphology in the photoactivity of semiconducting oxides
Authors: Cerrato Erik , Chiesa Mario , Giamello Elio , Livraghi Stefano , Salvadori Enrico , Paganini Maria Cristina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The photochemical activity of the recently proposed CeO2–ZnO photocatalytic material active under visible light has been improved by means of significant modifications of its morphology. A polymeric templating agent (Pluronic) has been used in the synthesis obtaining a particle morphology based on hollow spheres that is better defined in the case of high template concentration. The charge separation ability and the light-induced surface electron transfer under irradiation with visible polychromatic light in various ranges of wavelengths has been investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance. The reactivity of the photogenerated holes has been monitored by the spin trapping technique in the presence of DMPO. The hollow spheres morphology achieved through the synthesis here reported leads to systems with a higher photoactivity under visible irradiation than the same system displaying the classic platelets morphology. A parallel increase of the photocatalytic activity of this novel system in pollution remediation reactions is therefore predictable.
Understanding the Seebeck coefficient of LaNiO3 compound in the temperature range 300–620 K
Authors: Khatun Arzena , Sk Shamim , Pandey Sudhir K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Transition metal oxides have been attracted much attention in thermoelectric community from the last few decades. In the present work, we have synthesized LaNiO3 by a simple solution combustion process. To analyse the crystal structure and structural parameters we have used Rietveld refinement method wherein FullProf software is employed. The room temperature x-ray diffraction indicates the rhombohedral structure with space group

R

3

¯

c

(No. 167). The refined values of lattice parameters are a = b = c = 5.4071 Å. Temperature dependent Seebeck coefficient (S) of this compound has been investigated by using experimental and computational tools. The measurement of S is conducted in the temperature range 300–620 K. The measured values of S in the entire temperature range have negative sign that indicates n-type character of the compound. The value of S is found to be ∼−8 μV/K at 300 K and at 620 K this value is ∼−12 μV/K. The electronic structure calculation is carried out using DFT + U method due to having strong correlation in LaNiO3. The calculation predicts the metallic ground state of the compound. Temperature dependent S is calculated using BoltzTraP package and compared with experiment. The best matching between experimental and calculated values of S is observed when self-interaction correction is employed as double counting correction in spin-polarized DFT + U (=1 eV) calculation. Based on the computational results maximum power factors are also calculated for p-type and n-type doping of this compound.
The egg steamer paradox
Authors: Flach S , Parnovsky S , Varlamov A A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Why do we need to pour less water in an egg steamer to prepare more eggs to the same degree of ‘doneness’? We discuss the physical processes at work in the electric egg steamer and resolve this seeming paradox. We demonstrate that the main heat transfer mechanism from steam to egg is due to latent heat through condensation. This not only explains the paradox, but also allows us to estimate the amount of water reduction. Comparing the preparation time to the one for traditional boiling, we estimate the eggshell temperature during steaming. We also describe the device design and provide further theoretical estimates and experimental kitchen measurement data for this appealing kitchen experiment that can be easily accomplished at home.
Generation of dense and well-collimated positron beam via ultra-intense laser colliding with a flying plasma layer
Authors: Han Qianqian , Geng Xuesong , Shen Baifei , Ji LiangLiang , Xu Zhizhan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With the forthcoming 10–100PW laser facilities, laser-driven electron–positron-pair production has gained particular interest. Here, a scheme to enhance the generation of dense electron–positron-pairs is proposed and numerically demonstrated, employing double laser pulses at the intensity level of

10

23

W c

m

−
2

. The first laser accelerates a thin foil to a relativistic speed via the radiation-pressure-acceleration mechanism and a counter-propagating laser irradiates this flying plasma layer. The simulation results indicate that a high-yield and well-collimated positron beam (

∼
5.5
×

10

10

positrons/pulse, 8.8 nC/pulse) is generated with a large peak density

1.1
×

10

21

c

m

−
3

by using tens-of-PW laser pulses.