bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery, Development and Design of Anthocyanins-Inspired Anticancer Agents: A
Comprehensive Review
Authors: Majhi Sasadhar 
Published: October 2021

:
Mother Nature is an indispensable source of bioactive natural products. Bioactive secondary metabolites
have played a crucial role in the drug development and discovery process; mainly, anticancer and antibiotic molecules
are extensively enriched with molecules of natural origin. Anthocyanins are water-soluble secondary metabolites found
in most species in the plant domain, especially flowers, fruits, and tubers. These natural vacuolar pigments belong to
the chemical class of phenolic moieties, which are responsible for the shiny orange, red, blue, pink, and violet colors in
the fruits, flowers, and vegetables. Chemically, anthocyanins comprise a core structure in the form of flavylium cation
or 2-phenylbenzopyrylium, and these natural colorants are polyhydroxy and polymethoxy analouges of this flavylium
cation and can have sugar moieties or acylated groups linked at different positions. Currently, these molecules have
raised a growing interest because of their wide range of colors, innocuous and beneficial health effects, and commercial
application in functional foods, nutraceuticals, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. However, interest in anthocyanin
derivatives has noticeably enhanced in recent years due to their higher stability, improved bioavailability in
biological matrices, and better use in food matrices and cosmetic products. Due to the enormous potential of natural
anthocyanins and their derivatives, this review tries to cover syntheses of anthocyanins and their analogues, chemical
derivatization of anthocyanins, and anticancer activities, such as breast, colorectal, leukemia, lung, prostate, and skin
cancer of anthocyanins efficiently.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Google Meet terhadap Hasil Belajar
Authors: Prisuna Bayu Fitra 
Published: October 2021

Google meet merupakan sebuah aplikasi video conference yang salah satunya dapat digunakan untuk proses kegiatan belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi Google Meet terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah metodologi penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian pre-Eksperimen, dengan desain penelitian adalah one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa semester V pada mata kuliah metodologi penelitian kuantitatif yang berjumlah 30 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Jenis instrumen yang digunakan adalah pretest dan posttest hasil belajar berupa soal pilihan ganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunaan aplikasi Google Meet terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa sebesar 51.4%. Rata-rata keseluruhan hasil posttest lebih besar dibandingkan nilai rata-rata keseluruhan hasil pretest. Nilai rata-rata N-Gain score pada mahasiswa sebesar 56.9%, sehingga termasuk ke dalam kategori “cukup efektif”. Kegiatan pembelajaran mahasiswa menggunakan aplikasi Google Meet berlangsung relatif kondusif walaupun terdapat beberapa kendala seperti jaringan tidak stabil, dan kuota internet yang terbatas pada saat perkuliahan sedang berlangsung. The Effect of Using Google Meet Applications on Learning Outcomes Google meet is a video conferencing application, one of which can be used for teaching and learning activities. This study aims to determine how much influence the use of the Google Meet application has on student learning outcomes in quantitative research methodology courses. The research uses a quantitative approach with the type of pre-experimental research, with the research design being a one group pre-test-post-test design. The research population is all students in the fifth semester of the quantitative research methodology course, totalling 30 people. Sampling using total sampling technique. The type of instrument used is pre-test and post-test learning outcomes in the form of multiple-choice questions. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between the use of the Google Meet application on student learning outcomes by 51.4%. The overall average of the post-test results is greater than the average value of the overall pre-test results. The average N-Gain score for students is 56.9%, so it is included in the "fairly effective" category. Student learning activities using the Google Meet application were relatively conducive even though there were several obstacles such as unstable networks, and limited internet quota during lecture.
The Use of Cannabinoids for Insomnia in Daily Life: Naturalistic Study
Authors: Kuhathasan Nirushi , Minuzzi Luciano , MacKillop James , Frey Benicio N 
Published: October 2021

Background
Insomnia is a prevalent condition that presents itself at both the symptom and diagnostic levels. Although insomnia is one of the main reasons individuals seek medicinal cannabis, little is known about the profile of cannabinoid use or the perceived benefit of the use of cannabinoids in daily life.

Objective
We conducted a retrospective study of medicinal cannabis users to investigate the use profile and perceived efficacy of cannabinoids for the management of insomnia.

Methods
Data were collected using the Strainprint app, which allows medicinal cannabis users to log conditions and symptoms, track cannabis use, and monitor symptom severity pre- and postcannabis use. Our analyses examined 991 medicinal cannabis users with insomnia across 24,189 tracked cannabis use sessions. Sessions were analyzed, and both descriptive statistics and linear mixed-effects modeling were completed to examine use patterns and perceived efficacy.

Results
Overall, cannabinoids were perceived to be efficacious across all genders and ages, and no significant differences were found among product forms, ingestion methods, or gender groups. Although all strain categories were perceived as efficacious, predominant indica strains were found to reduce insomnia symptomology more than cannabidiol (CBD) strains (estimated mean difference 0.59, SE 0.11; 95% CI 0.36-0.81; adjusted P<.001) and predominant sativa strains (estimated mean difference 0.74, SE 0.16; 95% CI 0.43-1.06; adjusted P<.001). Indica hybrid strains also presented a greater reduction in insomnia symptomology than CBD strains (mean difference 0.52, SE 0.12; 95% CI 0.29-0.74; adjusted P<.001) and predominant sativa strains (mean difference 0.67, SE 0.16; 95% CI 0.34-1.00; adjusted P=.002).

Conclusions
Medicinal cannabis users perceive a significant improvement in insomnia with cannabinoid use, and this study suggests a possible advantage with the use of predominant indica strains compared with predominant sativa strains and exclusively CBD in this population. This study emphasizes the need for randomized placebo-controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety profile of cannabinoids for the treatment of insomnia.
An Interactive Physical-Cognitive Game-Based Training System Using Kinect for Older Adults: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Kamnardsiri Teerawat , Phirom Kochaphan , Boripuntakul Sirinun , Sungkarat Somporn 
Published: October 2021

Background
Declines in physical and cognitive functions are recognized as important risk factors for falls in older adults. Promising evidence suggests that interactive game-based systems that allow simultaneous physical and cognitive exercise are a potential approach to enhance exercise adherence and reduce fall risk in older adults. However, a limited number of studies have reported the development of a combined physical-cognitive game-based training system for fall risk reduction in older adults.

Objective
The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate the usability of an interactive physical-cognitive game-based training system (game-based exercise) for older adults.

Methods
In the development phase (Part I), a game-based exercise prototype was created by integrating knowledge and a literature review as well as brainstorming with experts on effective fall prevention exercise for older adults. The output was a game-based exercise prototype that covers crucial physical and cognitive components related to falls. In the usability testing (Part II), 5 games (ie, Fruits Hunter, Where Am I?, Whack a Mole, Sky Falls, and Crossing Poison River) with three difficulty levels (ie, beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels) were tested in 5 older adults (mean age 70.40 years, SD 5.41 years). After completing the games, participants rated their enjoyment level while engaging with the games using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) and commented on the games. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the participants’ characteristics and PACES scores.

Results
The results showed that the average PACES score was 123 out of 126 points overall and between 6.66 and 7.00 for each item, indicating a high level of enjoyment. Positive feedback, such as praise for the well-designed interactions and user-friendly interfaces, was also provided.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that it is promising to implement an interactive, physical-cognitive game-based exercise in older adults. The effectiveness of a game-based exercise program for fall risk reduction has yet to be determined.
An Alternative to the Light Touch Digital Health Remote Study: The Stress and Recovery in Frontline COVID-19 Health Care Workers Study
Authors: Goodday Sarah M , Karlin Emma , Alfarano Alexandria , Brooks Alexa , Chapman Carol , Desille Rachelle , Rangwala Shazia , Karlin Daniel R , Emami Hoora , Woods Nancy Fugate , Boch Adrien , Foschini Luca , Wildman Mackenzie , Cormack Francesca , Taptiklis Nick , Pratap Abhishek , Ghassemi Marzyeh , Goldenberg Anna , Nagaraj Sujay , Walsh Elaine ,   Stress And Recovery Participants, Friend Stephen 
Published: October 2021

Background
Several app-based studies share similar characteristics of a light touch approach that recruit, enroll, and onboard via a smartphone app and attempt to minimize burden through low-friction active study tasks while emphasizing the collection of passive data with minimal human contact. However, engagement is a common challenge across these studies, reporting low retention and adherence.

Objective
This study aims to describe an alternative to a light touch digital health study that involved a participant-centric design including high friction app-based assessments, semicontinuous passive data from wearable sensors, and a digital engagement strategy centered on providing knowledge and support to participants.

Methods
The Stress and Recovery in Frontline COVID-19 Health Care Workers Study included US frontline health care workers followed between May and November 2020. The study comprised 3 main components: (1) active and passive assessments of stress and symptoms from a smartphone app, (2) objective measured assessments of acute stress from wearable sensors, and (3) a participant codriven engagement strategy that centered on providing knowledge and support to participants. The daily participant time commitment was an average of 10 to 15 minutes. Retention and adherence are described both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Results
A total of 365 participants enrolled and started the study, and 81.0% (n=297) of them completed the study for a total study duration of 4 months. Average wearable sensor use was 90.6% days of total study duration. App-based daily, weekly, and every other week surveys were completed on average 69.18%, 68.37%, and 72.86% of the time, respectively.

Conclusions
This study found evidence for the feasibility and acceptability of a participant-centric digital health study approach that involved building trust with participants and providing support through regular phone check-ins. In addition to high retention and adherence, the collection of large volumes of objective measured data alongside contextual self-reported subjective data was able to be collected, which is often missing from light touch digital health studies.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04713111; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04713111
Dosis de refuerzo de vacuna SARS CoV-2 para la prevención de COVID-19: Desafío en un escenario con incertezas
Authors: Lopez Mora,  Dr. Rodrigo Cruz Dr. Eduardo , Espinoza Dr. Jorge , Espinoza Dr. Jorge , Dabanch Dra. Jeannette , Dabanch Dra. Jeannette , Cruz Dr. Rodrigo , Cruz Dr. Rodrigo 
Published: October 2021

Al 16 de julio pasado existían 108 vacunas en etapa clínica de desarrollo, 28 de ellas con estudios en fase III y 6 autorizadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) según datos publicados al 3 de junio (AstraZeneca/Oxford, Johnson and Johnson/Janssen, Moderna, Pfizer/BionTech, Sinopharm, Sinovac) (1,2). A la vez, las entidades regulatorias como la FDA (Food and Drugs Agency) y la EMA (European Medicine Agency) han autorizado para uso de emergencia las vacunas de los productores Pfizer/BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca y Janssen (3) y en Chile el Instituto de Salud Pública ha autorizado 6 vacunas (Pfizer, CoronaVac, Astrazeneca, CanSino, Janssen, Sputnik).En las últimas semanas, en el contexto de la preocupante propagación de la variante Delta (B.1.617.2) del SARS-CoV-2, la compañía Pfizer solicitó a la FDA la autorización para la administración de una dosis de refuerzo (booster) con su vacuna BNT162b2 , luego de que el análisis interino de datos provenientes de la población vacunada en Israel mostrará una reducción significativa de los anticuerpos neutralizantes a los seis meses de completado el esquema primario, solicitud que generó debate en la comunidad científica. Hasta ahora los datos disponibles sobre eficacia de la vacuna BNT162b2 en escenario de circulación de variantes sugieren que continúa siendo altamente efectiva (4,5). Los estudios para definir la eventual necesidad de una dosis de refuerzo a diferentes esquemas primarios están en etapas de reclutamiento inicial en varios países.
Diagnostic Range Ionizing Radiation and Reactive Oxygen Species Production: an Initial Experience
Authors: Shikha Sirohi  , Prof. Anupama Tandon  , Prof. B.D. Banerjee  , Ranjeet Kumar  
Published: October 2021

Radiation is a common occurrence in our daily lives that comes from both natural and man-made sources. Ionizing Radiation (IR) causes damage either directly or indirectly through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative damage to DNA, lipids, proteins, and many metabolites occurs through a complex series of processes that are enhanced by endogenous signalling which is activated by free radicals. Though literature is abundant on ROS and antioxidants at high doses, no study to the best of our knowledge has assessed the ROS levels after Multi Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) examination (i.e. in diagnostic range radiation). The aim of the present study was to assess the production of ROS after diagnostic level radiation by MDCT examination and at 24 hour follow up. The study involved fifty patients posted for clinically indicated MDCT which were recruited. The average radiation dose was 2-9 mGy. Three blood samples were drawn, one prior to CT (control sample), within half an hour of CT (post CT) and 24 hrs after CT. 3 ml venous blood was withdrawn in aseptic conditions and immediately serum was isolated for ROS assessment. The blood examination results were compared in immediate and post 24 hour after MDCT and both were compared with control values and correlated with radiation parameters. Our results have shown a significant increase in ROS level in immediate post CT samples compared to prior CT scan samples (control) (p value <0.0001). The ROS levels reduced at 24 hours compared to immediate post CT, however they were still higher than control values. Our findings reflect that there is a rapid increase in free radicals production in the mitochondria after diagnostic level radiation. Detection of higher ROS levels at 24 hours suggests incomplete repair with the presence of some residual oxidative species at 24 hours.
Ethno pharmacological Efficiency of Andrographis Paniculata against Tuber Rot Disease of Manihot Esculenta (Cassava)
Authors: Palani Ruba  , Edward Gnanaraj Wesely  , Albert Hannah Selvakumari  , Michael Helan Soundra Rani  
Published: October 2021

Cassava is a chief and energy rich carbohydrates food, which might be the reason many parasitic fungi adhere within the plant that causes huge damage to the crop during the post harvesting stage or storage period. In the present study, the ethno-based possible eradication of parasitic fungi was highlighted. Andrographis paniculata Burm. f. Nees and Stachytarpheta indica were chosen for its popular medicinal values and the phytochemical contents were characterized. Its potency showed an inhibitory effects against tuber rot disease causing fungal pathogens viz., Rhizopus sp, Mucor sp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporum in Cassava by disc – diffusion methods. The diameter of the zone of inhibition at various concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 w/v) of leaf extracts was observed with the maximum in A. paniculata (20mm with 10 w/v conc.) against Fusarium oxysporum followed by A. niger (17mm at 10w/v conc.). The preliminary phytochemical screening of Andrographis paniculata revealed the presence of phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. In GCMS analysis, Benzene,1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-(2-propenyl)-, Cyclopenta [c] pyran-4-carboxylic acid, 7-methyl-, methyl ester and 9,12,15- Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z, Z, Z)- covered the high areas, that might be responsible or can possess the antifungal activity against Tuber root rot causing fungal pathogens. Furthermore, extensive studies are recommended to characterize each compound in the crude extracts of A. paniculata to enhance or to acclaim remedy for various diseases in plants. This study reveals the acknowledgement of the medicinal plant A. paniculata for its remarkable organic or eco-friendly fungicide potential against cassava tuber rot diseases.
A Novel Nondestructive Procedure for Tire Tread Viscoelastic Characterization
Authors: Genovese Andrea , Pastore Sebastian Rosario 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Vehicle dynamics is largely influenced by the phenomena occurring in the tire-road interface, and a great portion of these phenomena is mainly conditioned by the viscoelastic properties of the tire tread compound. It is not surprising that the possibility of obtaining the viscoelastic response of a compound by means of a nondestructive procedure is a growing research topic that affects application fields ranging from monitoring of the material performance during its entire life cycle to the quantitative analysis of product quality and repeatability of production processes. In this article, a novel nondestructive procedure for the viscoelastic characterization of tire tread compound is proposed. A portable instrument, based on instrumented indentation, was designed and prototyped with the aim to allow a real-time assessment of moduli directly on site. The testing procedure adopted to perform the test on three different compounds was described. A signal-processing procedure was developed for the identification of compound stiffness and damping parameters from which viscoelastic moduli were estimated. The results were also compared with the Dynamic Mechanical Analysis characterization showing the same relative ranking between the compounds with a different trend in temperature due to the amount of the tests' indentation depth.
Theoretical Tire Model Considering Two-Dimensional Contact Patch for Force and Moment
Authors: Nakajima Yukio , Hidano Shunya 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The new theoretical tire model for force and moment has been developed by considering a two-dimensional contact patch of a tire with rib pattern. The force and moment are compared with the calculation by finite element method (FEM). The side force predicted by the theoretical tire model is somewhat undervalued as compared with the FEM calculation, while the self-aligning torque predicted by the theoretical tire model agrees well with the FEM calculation. The shear force distribution in a two-dimensional contact patch under slip angle predicted by the proposed model qualitatively agrees with the FEM calculation. Furthermore, the distribution of the adhesion region and sliding region in a two-dimensional contact patch predicted by the theoretical tire model qualitatively agrees with the FEM calculation.
Isogeometric Analysis for Tire Simulations: From Mesh Generation to High Precision Results
Authors: Israfilova Alina , Garcia Mario A. , Kaliske Michael 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTIsogeometric analysis (IGA) has become an alternative to standard finite element analysis (FEA) in many areas of engineering. Its powerful tools for model generation and flexibility of basis functions make this relatively new approach attractive for tire analysis and its computational challenges.This contribution summarizes the benefits of IGA for complex tire simulations starting from model generation and the subsequent transition to the environment of numerical analysis without losing accuracy at the parametrizing stage. It presents results of further development work on earlier pioneering examples of the application of IGA in pneumatic tire analysis. In addition to the analysis of vertical stiffness, for the first time, velocity and acceleration fields are addressed and compared with experimental results and standard FEA simulations, with a focus on benefits of the continuity of basis functions within the contact patch. The numerical issues that arise in IGA at the enforcement of contact and the application of inelastic materials with inclusions of reinforcing layers are studied. Moreover, the important advantages of the possibility to use higher order functions for simulations of tire maneuvers are addressed within the steady-state framework. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the capabilities of IGA. Concluding remarks on the results close the publication.
Wheel Speed Effect on Transient Lateral Force and Its Characterization by Ramp-Step Steer Test Method
Authors: Li Yi 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
The concept “relaxation length” serves as one of several ways to characterize the transient lateral response for a rolling tire. Most test methods developed to identify relaxation length tightly link to Pacejka’s single-contact-point linear transient model. Its underlying assumption is that the traveled distance during the transition interval is always a constant regardless of the wheels’ linear rolling speed. The current research provides physical data against this strong assumption. The data is acquired through a newly-developed test method named the “ramp-step steer method”.
The ramp-step steer method features a nonstop, high rolling speed, and fast-changing slip angle procedure that cannot be fulfilled by the conventional “start-stop-resume” step steer method. Thanks to the high dynamic capability of the equipment in GCAPS Corp., the proposed test method becomes feasible. A novel data postprocessing scheme accompanies the test method as well. The ramp-step steer method is independent of any specific models and replicates the scenario of a rolling tire subjected to a sudden slip angle change from on-vehicle to an indoor environment. The wheel speed effect on the tires’ transient lateral response is reflected through a proposed quantity, Ly, which is a more general descriptor and can downscale to relaxation length under specific circumstances. Ly itself does not associate with any model, so the remaining study explains the speed effect through an updated model. The present research aims to provide a better way of characterizing tires’ lateral transient behavior and is not an alternative to identify the key parameter “relaxation length” in Pacejka’s model. Another contribution of the research is categorizing and separating the hierarchy of various transient tire models.