bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment Outcomes of Epinephrine for Traumatic Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Wongtanasarasin Wachira , Thepchinda Thatchapon , Kasirawat Chayada , Saetiao Suchada , Leungvorawat Jirayupat , Kittivorakanchai Nichanan 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
Despite the standard guidelines stating that giving epinephrine for patients with cardiac arrest is recommended, the clinical benefits of epinephrine for patients with traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are still limited. This study aims to evaluate the benefits of epinephrine administration in traumatic OHCA patients.

Methods:
We searched four electronic databases up to June 30, 2020, without any language restriction in research sources. Studies comparing epinephrine administration for traumatic OHCA patients were included. Two independent authors performed the selection of relevant studies, data extraction, and assessment of the risk of bias. The primary outcome was inhospital survival rate. Secondary outcomes included prehospital return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), short-term survival, and favorable neurological outcome. We calculated the odds ratios (ORs) of those outcomes using the Mantel–Haenszel model and assessed the heterogeneity using the I2
statistic.

Results:
Four studies were included. The risk of bias of the included studies was low, except for one study in which the risk of bias was fair. All included studies reported the inhospital survival rate. Epinephrine administration during traumatic OHCA might not demonstrate a benefit for inhospital survival (OR: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–3.37). Epinephrine showed no significant improvement in prehospital ROSC (OR: 4.67, 95% CI: 0.66–32.81). In addition, epinephrine might not increase the chance of short-term survival (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 0.53–3.79).

Conclusion:
The use of epinephrine for traumatic OHCA may not improve either inhospital survival or prehospital ROSC and short-term survival. Epinephrine administration as indicated in standard advanced life support algorithms might not be routinely used in traumatic OHCA.
Chest Compression Fraction and Factors influencing it
Authors: Mathew Deo , Krishnan S. Vimal , Abraham Siju V. , Varghese Salish , Thomas Minu Rose , Palatty Babu Urumese 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
Chest compression fraction (CCF) is the cumulative time spent providing chest compressions divided by the total time taken for the entire resuscitation. Targeting a CCF of at least 60% is intended to limit interruptions in compressions and maximize coronary perfusion during resuscitation. We aimed to identify the mean CCF and its relationship with various factors affecting it.

Methods:
Patients presenting to the emergency department in cardiac arrest at a single center were prospectively included in this study. Resuscitation was provided by trained health-care providers. The feedback device Cprmeter2™ was placed on the patient's sternum at the beginning of resuscitation. The total time taken for the entire resuscitation was noted by the device and CCF calculated.

Results:
The mean CCF was analyzed using descriptive statistics and was found to be 71.60% ± 7.52%. The total duration of resuscitation (R = −0.55, P = < 0.001, min-max, 2.02–34.31, mean 12.25 ± 6.54), number of people giving chest compressions (R = −0.48, P = < 0.001, min-max, 1–6, mean 4.04 ± 1.12), and total number of team members in resuscitation (R = −0.50, P = < 0.001, min-max, 4–10, mean 6.65 ± 1.32) had negative correlation with CCF. Diurnal variation (day, n = 35; mean 69.20% ± 7% and night, n = 20; mean 75.80% ± 5.6%, P = 0.001) and patients receiving defibrillation (receiving n = 10 mean 67.00% ± 4.11% and not receiving n = 45 mean 72.62 ± 7.42%, P = 0.005) were found to significantly affect CCF.

Conclusion:
The mean CCF for cardiac arrest patients was well within the targets of guideline recommendation. CCF decreased when resuscitation lasted longer, during daytime when the defibrillator was used, the total team members increased, and also when the number of people giving chest compressions increased. CCF during resuscitation may improve if there is a focus on improving these factors and requires validation in multicentric settings.
The diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography scanning in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 compared to polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Shalaka Nader , Gurad Najah , Alawasi Salam , Mansour Nuha , Ali Ala , Elobidy Khaled , Algumati Mohamed , Swisi Hossam , Elhshik Elham , Mukhtar Ziyad , Abojamra Alfitouri 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE:
The increasing prevalence of suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presenting to emergency departments (EDs) requires a rapid and reliable triaging tool. The diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography (CT) has yet to be validated for triaging cases in the ED. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of chest CT compared to GeneXpert Xpress Xpert severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 test in rapidly diagnosing COVID-19 among patients with respiratory symptoms presenting to the ED.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a retrospective, single-center study at Tripoli University Hospital including cases with respiratory symptoms who underwent chest CT as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for suspected COVID-19 between May 18 and August 18, 2020.

RESULTS:
A total of 1240 cases were included, among whom 570 had radiologically evident COVID-19 on chest CT (46%). Five hundred and sixty-five cases had positive PCR results (45.6%), of whom 557 had radiologically evident COVID-19 on chest CT (97.7%). The calculated accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 98%, 98.5%, 98%, 97.7%, and 98.8%, respectively, in relation to the PCR results.

CONCLUSION:
During the current pandemic, chest CT is a quick and reliable diagnostic tool for COVID-19 in the ED.
Enzo Croatto, Vocabolario ampezzano, Cortina d'Ampezzo, 1986; XXX + 426 pagine.Enzo Croatto, Vocabolario ampezzano, Cortina d'Ampezzo, 1986; XXX + 426 pagine
Authors: Skubic Mitja 
Published: November 2021

Il prof. Enzo Croatto si dichiara solo coordinatore di questo vocabolario, ma i suoi meriti non sono pochi. E' vero che ha raccolto oltre alle inchieste dirette anche fonti già pubblicate, soprattutto il vocabolario di Angelo Majoni, pubblicato nel lontano 1929, che ottenne delle lodi da parte del grande conoscitore del lessico e della vita nelle Dolomiti che fu Carlo Battisti; però ha arricchito il vocabolario aggiungendo le inchieste dirette e anche i materiali dell'AIS e del (mai pubblicato) ALI, nonché il materiale che contiene il Vocabolario provvisorio della parlata ampezzana, pubblicato nei fascicoli tra il 1974 e il 1977. Il vocabolario fornisce anche informazioni grammaticali, ad es. sulla formazione del plurale dei nomi o sulle forme verbali le quali, per i così detti verbi irregolari, appaiono per intero
Korrelationen zwischen Merkmalhaften oder Merkmallosen syntaktischen Varianten und verschiedenen Graden der Textsortenkomplexität
Authors: Petrič Teodor 
Published: November 2021

Gemäß der Grundannahme über das Verhalten von sprachlichen Varianten gilt folgendes (vgl. Orešnik, Snedec, Teržan, Trobevšek-Drobnak 1991: 5-6): 1. Verstärkte Konstruktionen bzw. starke Varianten (d.h. semantisch und/oder funktional komplexere als auch formal komplexere Formen, rezipientenfreundlicher) behaupten sich zumindest im Variantenstadium vorzugsweise in komplexerer grammatischer Umgebung. 2. Geschwächte Konstruktionen bzw. schwache Varianten (d.h. semantisch allgemeinere und/oder funktional undurchsichtigere als auch formal einfachere Formen, produzentenfreundlicher) behaupten sich zumindest im Variantenstadium vorzugsweise in weniger komplexer grammatischer Umgebung. 3. Die Komplexität der grammatischen Umgebung wird hauptsächlich gemäß den Annahmen in der Natürlichkeitstheorie über die Markiertheit bzw. Natürlichkeit sprachlicher Kategorien und Elemente beurteilt (vgl. Mayerthaler 1981, Wurzel 1984, Dressler 1989 und Dotter 1990).
Perspectivas temporales y aspectuales en las obras narrativas de Gabriel García Márquez
Authors: Markič Jasmina 
Published: November 2021

En este ártfculo se presenta el uso de algunos recursos lingüísticos que sirven para señalar valores temporales y aspectuales en español con fines narrativos y estilísticos en dos obras de Gabriel García Márquez: en su primera novela La Hojarasca y en su novela más conocida Cien años de soledad. Marco lingüístico - teórico: Las perspectivas temporales y aspectuales en español se indican con varios recursos lingüísticos. Los más conocidos son los tradicionalmente llamados tiempos verbales que, debido a la confusión a la que se presta el término tiempo, es mejor denominar paradigmas verbales. El término es más adecuado ya que estas formas verbales (paradigmas) no sirven únicamente para expresar el tiempo sino también otras perspectivas (aspectuales, modales, estilísticas, pragmáticas, etc). Además de los mencionados paradigmas verbales hay una serie de construcciones verbales denominadas perífrasis verbales que sirven también para indicar valores temporales y aspectuales.
Oggetti diretti e indiretti in Italiano
Authors: Jemej Josip 
Published: November 2021

Nella classificazione degli elementi costitutivi della frase le grammatiche italiane, trattando degli oggetti, si limitano di regola agli oggetti diretti, dipendenti cioè da verbi transitivi. Gli oggetti indiretti, ossia preposizionali, vengono relegati nella numerosa serie dei "complementi indiretti" (puramente semantici). Ciò si riflette poi sulla trat­ tazione delle proposizioni oggettive.
Contatto linguistico e percezione. Per una valutazione delle voci d’origine sarda in tabarchino*
Authors: Toso Fiorenzo 
Published: November 2021

Questo saggio intende approfondire il tema del contatto linguistico e dei meccanismi percettivi connessi, esaminando criticamente il problema dell 'interferenza sarda nella parlata ligure-tabarchina di Carloforte e Calasetta. Malgrado l'esistenza di studi specifici su questa varietà, una valutazione complessiva della componente lessicale sarda nelle sue motivazioni storico-linguistiche e sociolinguistiche non è mai stata avanzata; nondimeno, essa assume particolare interesse per quanto attiene non solo ai meccanismi di assunzione dei prestiti, ma anche alia percezione dei fenomeni di contatto da parte dei parlanti.
Measures of topic continuity and the wa-topic in Japanese
Authors: Bekeš Andrej 
Published: November 2021

In this paper I examine three statistical measures of topic continuity, i.e., Topic Quotient (TQ), Referential Distance (RD) and Topic Persistence (TP), using the text of a short novel, Rashomon by Ryunosuke Akutagawa. It turns out that these measures are very unreliable as predictors of the WAtopic in Japanese. Even worse, in the case of TP, and for different referents, contradictory results were obtained. At closer inspection it turns out that this is due to the differences in status which referents possess within some segment of a text. What matters is not the numerical frequency of a referent, but its status, i.e., whether it referrs to a topic entity, or, from the expression point of view, to a topic chain of referential forms within the text, or not.
Usages de poudres à base de rhizomes de Cochlospermum tinctorium Perrier ex A.Rich au Bénin : fréquence, formes et indications
Authors: Dossa Appolinaire Kouamé , Klotoe Jean Robert , Agbodjento Eric , Dougnon Victorien , Sinkou Julien Sassa , Loko Frédéric 
Published: November 2021

Cochlospermum tinctorium est une plante médicinale utilisée dans plusieurs pays pour le traitement de l’hépatite. Au Bénin, différentes poudres à base de ses rhizomes sont vendues dans les marchés et utilisées par les tradithérapeutes pour plusieurs usages. L’objectif de cette étude était de répertorier les différentes formes et les divers usages des recettes à base de Cochlospermum tinctorium utilisées au Bénin. Dans ce sens, une enquête ethnomédicinale a été menée auprès de 434 usagers des marchés et 40 tradithérapeutes du Sud et du Nord Bénin suivant la méthode par interview semi-structurée. Les données obtenues ont montré que les recettes à base de C. tinctorium sont plus connues et utilisées au Nord-Bénin. Ces recettes se présentent sous trois formes (A, B et C). Leurs usages sont alimentaires (41%) et médicinales (59%). La forme A est très utilisée (93,91%) par la population enquêtée pour les besoins nutritionnels et thérapeutiques alors que les formes B et C ont, essentiellement, un usage médicinal. Cette étude a permis de comprendre la diversité de recettes associées au terme "poudre jaune" au Bénin. Il est dès lors nécessaire d’évaluer la toxicité et l’efficacité de ces différentes formes d’usage de la poudre de rhizome de C. tinctorium.

English title: Uses of rhizome-based powder of Cochlospermum tinctorium Perrier ex A.Rich in Benin: frequency, forms and indications
Cochlospermum tinctorium Perrier is a medicinal plant used in several countries for the treatment of hepatitis. In Benin, different powders made from its rhizomes are sold in markets and used by traditional healers for several purposes. The objective of this study was to list the different forms and uses of Cochlospermum tinctorium-based recipes used in Benin. An ethnomedicinal survey was conducted among 434 market users and 40 traditional healers from Southern and Northern Benin using the semi-structured interview method. The data obtained showed that the recipes based on C. tinctorium are more known and used in North Benin. These recipes come in three forms (A, B and C). Their uses are food (41%) and medicinal (59%). Form A is widely used (93.91%) by the population surveyed for nutritional and therapeutic needs while forms B and C have, essentially, a medicinal use. This study has allowed us to understand the diversity of recipes associated with the term "yellow powder" in Benin. It is therefore necessary to evaluate the toxicity and effectiveness of these different forms of use of C. tinctorium rhizome powder.
Déterminants de l’accès aux crédits agricole par les producteurs d’anacarde au nord-Bénin
Authors: Awo Jean-Marie S. , Ollabodé Nouroudine , Yabi Jacob A. 
Published: November 2021

Pour sécuriser les revenus agricoles des producteurs béninois, des mécanismes de financement sont mis en place dans la production d’anacarde. La présente étude identifie les déterminants de l’accès au financement par les producteurs d’anacarde. A cet elffet, des données socioéconomiques ont été collectées par enquête auprès de 160 producteurs de noix de cajou choisis aléatoirement dans deux communes du Nord-Bénin. La statistique descriptive a été utilisée pour caractériser les types de financement. Un modèle de régression Logit binaire a été estimé pour déterminer les variables influençant l’accès aux crédits par les producteurs d’anacarde. Les principaux résultats de cette étude indiquent trois types de financement sont obtenus par les producteurs d’anacarde et financés par divers acteurs. Le sexe, l'âge, l'appartenance à une organisation, les contacts avec les services de vulgarisation et la formation à la production d’anacarde déterminent l'accès au crédit agricole au nord du Bénin. Enfin, a promotion du financement agricole dans la zone d’étude permettra de réguler la capacité à introduire l’agroforesterie dans l’exploitation agricole dans le contexte d’amélioration des conditions de vie et la protection des sols.

English title: Determinants of access to agricultural credits by casnacard growers in north Benin
In order to secure the agricultural income of producers in Benin, agricultural financing mechanisms have been put in place in cashew production. This study aimed at identifying the determinants of access to finance by cashew producers. To this end, socioeconomic data was collected through a survey of 160 cashew producers chosen at random from two municipalities in North Benin. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the types of funding. A binary logit regression model was estimated to determine the variables influencing access to credit by cashew producers. The main results of this study indicate three types of financing obtained by cashew producers, which are financed by various actors. In addition, gender, age, membership of an organization, contacts with extension services and training in cashew production determine access to agricultural credit in northern Benin. Finally, the promotion of this financing in the study area will make it possible to regulate the capacity to introduce agroforestry on the farm, all of which contributes to the improvement of living conditions and soil protection.
Effects of different immunosuppressive drugs on the periodontal status and changes in periodontal pathogenic bacterial flora in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Wu Zhihai , Yang Xuguang , Li Ning 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of periodontal disease(s) and the associated bacteria among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with different immunosuppressive drugs.Methods: Patients aged 18 – 65 years who had a 6-month history of RA, and were diagnosed as per the American College of Rheumatology and European League against Rheumatism, were included in the study. Supragingival plaque was removed by dentists. Using sterile paper strips, sub-gingival biofilm samples were collected from 5 of the deepest periodontal pockets. The samples were sent to pathologists for assessment. Polymerase chain reaction was carried out on them. Detection thresholds were >102 for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, while the detection threshold for Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, Eikenellacorrodens, and Capnocytophaga species was 103.Results: There was a higher number of patients with bleeding-on-probing amongst cohorts who received a combination of methotrexate and tumor necrosis factor-α antagonist than in those given leflunomide only (52 vs. 29, p = 0.041, q = 3.064), or methotrexate + rituximab (52 vs. 30, p = 0.041, q = 3.131, Fig. 1). Papilla bleeding index was lowest in patients who were treated with leflunomide. Almost all patients had dental infection with Fusobacterium nucleatum.Conclusion: These results indicate that treatment of RA with methotrexate results in periodontal inflammation.
Lipoic acid inhibits nerve cell apoptosis in rats with Parkinson's disease via Erk signaling pathway
Authors: Li Xin , Li Wei , Li Weigang , Zhang Jian 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of lipoic acid on nerve cell apoptosis in rats with Parkinson's disease via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway.Methods: A total of 36 rats were randomly divided into normal group (n = 12), Parkinson's disease model group (n = 12) and lipoic acid group (n = 12). The neuronal morphology was examined by means of Nissl staining, while cell apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay.Results: The neurons were severely damaged in model group, while neuronal morphology and structure were ameliorated in lipoic acid group when compared with those in model group. The p-ERK was lowered significantly (p < 0.05) in model group and lipoic acid group compared with that in normal group. Levels of mRNA, caspase-3 and Bax increased significantly, while Bcl-2 decreased in model group and lipoic acid group when compared with those in normal group (p < 0.05). Lipoic acid treatment significantly reduced mRNA expression of caspase-3 and Bax, but increased Bcl-2 compared with model group. Furthermore, ELISA results indicate that model and lipoic acid groups exhibited raised caspase-3 and Bax but significantly reduced Bcl-2 levels, compared with normal group. The results also showed that the apoptosis was higher in the other two groups than in normal group; on the other hand, it was significantly lower in lipoic acid group than in model group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Lipoic acid inhibits nerve cell apoptosis in rats with Parkinson's disease by up-regulating ERK signaling pathway. Therefore, lipoic acid is a potential neuroprotective agent for the management of Parkinson’s disease.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Kandang Domba Sehat di Desa Sriharjo Imogiri Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Sugiyanto Catur , Soetiarso Lilik , Tontowi Alva Edy , Pertiwiningrum Ambar , Prabowo Teguh Ari , Wuri Margaretha Arnita 
Published: November 2021

Ternak domba di Desa Sriharjo masih dipelihara secara tradisional di pekarangan rumah di kandang berlantai tanah. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah pendampingan pembuatan kandang domba sehat di Desa Sriharjo, Kecamatan Imogiri, Kabupaten Bantul. Mitra kegiatan pengabdian adalah 30 peternak anggota kelompok ternak Taruna Tani Hijaunya Cinta, desa Sriharjo. Kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi sosialisasi, pelatihan, studi banding dan dilanjutkan pendampingan peternak membangun kandang sehat. Pemahaman masyarakat terhadap kandang sehat diukur melalui wawancara serta pengisian kuesioner sebelum dan sesudah pengabdian. Hasil pengabdian ini adalah peternak telah berhasil membangun kandang panggung percontohan yang berlokasi di pekarangan yang tidak terlalu dekat dengan rumah penduduk. Hasil survey menunjukkan bahwa sebelum PKM sebanyak 10% dan setelah PKM semua (100%) peternak memahami tentang pengertian dan manfaat kandang sehat. Disimpulkan bahwa kandang domba sehat telah berhasil dibangun dan fungsinya telah dimengerti oleh semua peternak domba di desa Sriharjo.