bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Modelling the Spatio-temporal Pattern of Disease: A Case Study of Schistosomiasis in Anhui Province, China
Authors: Su Qing , Bergquist Robert , Ke Yongwen , Dai Jianjun , He Zonggui , Gao Fenghua , Zhang Zhijie , Hu Yi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Various methods have been proposed in modelling spatio-temporal pattern of diseases in recent years. The construction of the spatio-temporal models can be either descriptive methods or dynamic. While the former mainly explores correlations by functions, the latter also depicts the process of transmission quantitatively. In this study, we aim to evaluate the differences in model fitting between a descriptive, spatio-temporal model and dynamic spatio-temporal model of schistosomiasis transmission in Guichi, Anhui Province, China. Methods: The parasitological and environmental data at the village level from 1991 to 2014 were obtained by cross-sectional survey. The space-time changes of schistosomiasis risk were explored by two different spatio-temporal models, the Fixed Rank Kriging (FRK) model and the Integral-Difference Equation (IDE) model, and the performance of the two models in fitting schistosomiasis risk were compared.Results: In both models, the average daily precipitation and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) are significantly positively associated with schistosomiasis prevalence while distance to water bodies, the hours of daylight and day land surface temperature (LSTday) are significantly negatively associated. The overall root mean squared prediction error (MSPE) of the Integral-Difference Equation (IDE) and the FRK model were 0.35e-02 and 0.63e-02, respectively, and the correlation between the predicted and observed values of the IDE model (0.71) (p <0.01) was larger than the FRK one (0.51) (p=0.02). Our results also showed that the prediction error of the IDE model is lower than that of FRK model.Conclusions: In capturing schistosomiasis risk combined with environment factors, the IDE model fits better than the descriptive FRK one. As a dynamic spatio-temporal method, the IDE approach models the process of disease transmission quantitatively and therefore provides more accurate predictions, which is of great importance with reference to schistosomiasis and other diseases.
The significance of routine biochemical markers in patients With Sepsis
Authors: Meng Yan , Wang Yue , Qiao Wenbin , LIU Yumei , Wang Liang , Fan Jiahui , Tian Fengming , Wang Xuanzheng , Zhang Tao , Ma Xiumin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Sepsis is a highly complex and fatal syndrome. It is the main cause of death in the intensive care unit. Early diagnosis is beneficial to reduce the mortality of sepsis and improve the prognosis of patients. Therefore, we look forward to finding cheap and fast diagnostic criteria to quickly assess the patient's condition.
Methods

Our study enrolled 499 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 1, 2018 to June 22, 2020, and 96 healthy cases in the same period. Using the diagnostic criteria of bacterial infection, SIRS criteria and Sepsis-2 consensus criteria, 499 patients and 96 healthy cases were divided into 4 groups: sepsis group (n = 300), SIRS group (n = 151), infection group (n = 48), the control group (n = 96). We collected the results of routine laboratory tests, inflammation indicators and blood culture results of these patients.
Results

The sepsis group compared with the control group, MCV, NE, WBC, PLT, HB, D-Dimer, PT, CRP, PCT, IL-6, ALB, TBIL, Cr, LAC, CysC and BNP were statistically significant. D-dimer, CRP and PCT have higher diagnostic efficiency. Compared with the difference between the infection group and the SIRS group, PLT and IL-6 are statistically significant, and have a certain diagnostic value. Sepsis group VS infection group, WBC, IL-6, NE and TBIL showed statistical differences in the comparison. The AUC of NE was 67.6, which was the largest among the three. The specificity (95.8%) was the highest, but the sensitivity (49%) was low.
Conclusions

This retrospective study shows that NE, WBC, and D-dimer can help in the early diagnosis of sepsis. D-dimer performs best. WBC and NE may have a differential diagnosis significance between the sepsis group and the infection group. This result can provide a timely and convenient assessment tool for early diagnosis of sepsis.
Economic Valuation of the Provisioning Services Provided by the Sundarban in Bangladesh
Authors: Sarker A. H. M. Raihan , Nobi Mohammad Nur , Nath Biswajit , Røskaft Eivin , Kvinta Paul , Suza Ma , Chivers David J. , Misbahuzzaman Khaled 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Sundarban provides various types of resources for an estimated four million people living in and around this mangrove forest in its Bangladesh parts. This study was carried out to quantify the value of forest income in these communities with the aim of understanding the contribution and importance of forest resources to the livelihoods of the poor, and their possible role in poverty alleviation. Eight key different resources such as fish, shrimp fry, crab, fuel-wood, wood for the construction of house and boat, thatching materials, honey and wax were identified in this study and their economic value estimated at US$145.2 million/year. It was also revealed that the households depended on mangrove resources for their livelihoods, with the lower and the middle-income households being heavily dependent. The households belonging to the lowest income group had neither land nor agricultural or livestock resources for generating income, therefore, a greater proportion of their income came from the forest, making them highly dependent on forest resources for survival. Given a population of about 4 million people residing in 17 upazilas (sub-districts) close to the Sundarban Reserve Forest, and their higher dependence on forest resources, sustainable management of the common pool resources provided by the forest is essential for alleviating extreme poverty. Management regimes for the Sundarban Reserve Forest need to be ensured continued access of the local residents to forest resources, especially of those who are the poorest, for sustaining livelihoods. In this regard, co-management of resources could be a pro-poor strategy if it does not compromise the livelihoods of the poorest living in and around the Sundarban.
Preoperative Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio for Predicting Surgery-Related Acute Kidney Injury in Non-cardiac Surgery Patients under General Anaesthesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tang Yongzhong , Chen Linchong , Li Bo , Yang Lin , Ouyang Wen , Li Dan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and the incidence of surgery-related acute kidney injury (AKI) in non-cardiac surgery patients under general anaesthesia. Methods In this retrospective study, 5057 patients from Third Xiangya hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 and 1686 patients from Second Xiangya hospital from January 2016 to December 2016 for non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia were included. According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve constructed by NLR for postoperative AKI，the cut-off point was obtained as the basis for grouping low or high NLR. The baseline characteristics of two sets were compared with each other. A multi-factor model was constructed by Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method with the training set, and verified by outside validation set. Results 243 patients (3.604 %) developed postoperative AKI. The ROC curve showed that the AUC of the NLR for predicting postoperative AKI in non-cardiac surgery was 0.743 (95 % CI, 0.717-0.769), and the cut-off value was 3.555 (sensitivity, 86.4 %; specificity 51.9 %). There was no significant difference in the baseline characteristics of training set and validation set. The AUC in the training set was 0.817 (95 % CI, 0.784-0.850), and the AUC in the validation set was 0.804 (95 % CI, 0.749-0.858), the AUC deviation was 0.012 (P > 0.05) from validation set, and the likelihood ratio test showed P < 0.05. Conclusion This study showed that preoperative high NLR (NLR≥3.555) was an independent risk factor associated with postoperative AKI (OR, 2.410; 95 % CI, 1.371-4.335) in patients for non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia.
Growth and Autolysis of Kluyveromyces Marxianus Stimulated with Lactate Provides Insights into Symbiosis
Authors: Lo Shou-Chen , Yang Chia-Yin , Mathew Dony , Huang Chieh-Chen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Kluyveromyces marxianus is a yeast that was identified from kefir and can use a broad range of substrates, such as glucose and lactate, as carbon sources. The lactate produced in kefir culture can be a substrate for K. marxianus. However, the complexity of the kefir microbiota makes the traits of K. marxianus difficult to study. In this research, we focused on K. marxianus cultured with lactate as the sole carbon source. The optimal growth and released protein in lactate culture were determined under different pH conditions, and the LC-MS/MS-identified proteins were associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis pathway, and cellular stress responses in cells, indicating that autolysis of K. marxianus had occurred under the culture conditions. The abundant glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP1) was crystallized in the cell-free fraction, and the low transcription level of the GAP1 gene indicated that the protein abundance under autolysis conditions was dependent on protein stability. These results suggest that lactate produced by lactic acid bacteria stimulates the growth and autolysis of K. marxianus, releasing proteins and peptides. These findings can be fundamental for K. marxianus probiotic and kefir studies in the future.
Development of Novel Deep Multimodal Representation Learning-based Model for the Differentiation of Liver Tumors on B-Mode Ultrasound Images
Authors: Sato Masaya , Kobayashi Tamaki , Soroida Yoko , Tanaka Takashi , Nakatsuka Takuma , Nakagawa Hayato , Nakamura Ayaka , Kurihara Makoko , Endo Momoe , Hikita Hiromi , Sato Mamiko , Gotoh Hiroaki , Iwai Tomomi , Tateishi Ryosuke , Koike Kazuhiko , Yatomi Yutaka 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Recently, multimodal representation learning for images and other information such as numbers or language has gained much attention due to the possibility of combining latent features using a single distribution. The aim of the current study was to analyze the diagnostic performance of deep multimodal representation model-based integration of tumor image, patient background, and blood biomarkers for the differentiation of liver tumors observed using B-mode ultrasonography (US). First, we applied supervised learning with a convolutional neural network (CNN) to 972 liver nodules in the training and development sets (479 benign and 493 malignant nodules), to develop a predictive model using segmented B-mode tumor images. Additionally, we also applied a deep multimodal representation model to integrate information about patient background or blood biomarkers to B-mode images. We then investigated the performance of the models in an independent test set of 108 liver nodules, including 53 benign and 55 malignant tumors. Using only the segmented B-mode images, the diagnostic accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) values were 68.52% and 0.721, respectively. As the information about patient background such as age or sex and blood biomarkers was integrated, the diagnostic performance increased in a stepwise manner. The diagnostic accuracy and AUC value of the multimodal DL model (which integrated B-mode tumor image, patient age, sex, AST, ALT, platelet count, and albumin data) reached 96.30% and 0.994, respectively. Integration of patient background and blood biomarkers in addition to US image using multimodal representation learning outperformed the CNN model using US images. We expect that the deep multimodal representation model could be a feasible and acceptable tool that can effectively support the definitive diagnosis of liver tumors using B-mode US in daily clinical practice.
Transcriptome Analyses Revealed Adaptive-Responses in Livers of Mice Treated With Hua-Feng-Dan and Its “Guide Drug” Yaomu
Authors: Liu Jia-Jia , Zhang Ya , Xu Shang-Fu , Zhang Feng , Shi Jing-Shan , Liu Jie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHua-Feng-Dan is a patent Chinese medicine for stroke recovery and is effective against Parkinson’s disease models with modulatory effects on gut microbiota, but its effects on hepatic gene expression are unknown. This study used RNA-Seq to profile hepatic gene expression by Hua-Feng-Dan and its “Guide Drug” Yaomu.MethodsMice received orally Hua-Feng-Dan 1.2 g/kg, Yaomu 0.1-0.3 g/kg, or vehicle for 7 days. Liver pathology was examined, and total RNA was isolated for RNA-Seq. The bioinformatics, including GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, two-dimensional clustering, Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA), and Illumina BaseSpace Correlation Engine were used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs). qPCR was performed to verify selected genes.ResultsHua-Feng-Dan and Yaomu did not produce liver toxicity as evidenced by histopathology and serum ALT and AST. GO Enrichment revealed Hua-Feng-Dan affected lipid homeostasis, protein folding and cell adhesion. KEGG showed activated cholesterol metabolism, bile secretion and PPAR signaling pathways. DEGs were identified by DESeq2 with p < 0.05 compared to controls. Hua-Feng-Dan produced 806 DEGs, Yaomu-0.1 had 235, and Yaomu-0.3 had 92 DEGs. qPCR on selected genes largely verified RNA-Seq results. IPA upstream regulator analysis revealed activation of MAPK and adaptive responses. Yaomu-0.1 had similar effects, but Yaomu-0.3 had little effects. Hua-Feng-Dan-induced DEGs were highly correlated with the GEO database of chemical-induced adaptive transcriptome changes in the liver. ConclusionHua-Feng-Dan at clinical dose did not produce liver pathological changes but induced metabolic and signaling pathway activations. Low dose of its Guide Drug Yaomu produced similar changes to a lesser extent, but high dose of Yaomu had little effects. The effects of Hua-Feng-Dan on liver transcriptome changes may produce adaptive responses to program the liver to produce beneficial or detrimental (over-dosed) pharmacological effects.
Remifentanil Protects PC-12 Cells From OGD Damage by Up-Regulating miR-124
Authors: Zhang Hongyan , Xu Suyan , Chi Fabin , Li Guofeng , Zhou Yujie , Li Chenghai , Wang Aifeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to clarify the function and mechanism of Remifentanil, in PC-12 cells stimulated by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). An OGD environment was constructed to induce PC-12 cells, and Remifentanil (0-2.5 μM) was used to pre-treat cells; cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay; cell apoptosis was tested via flow cytometry; knock down of miR-124 was achieved by constructing an miR-124 inhibitor and cell transfection; miR-124 expression and the transfection efficiency were tested via quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR); Western blot was used to detect the expression of Bax/Bcl-2 / cleaved-caspase 3 / cleaved-caspase 9 apoptosis protein, as well as p62/LC3-I/LC3-II and JAK2/mTOR protein. Cell viability was not affected by the low concentration of Remifentanil, but was inhibited by the high concentration of Remifentanil. OGD induction reduced cell viability, enhanced apoptosis and autophagy, and activated the JAK2/mTOR pathway. The above processes were reversed by Remifentanil, alleviating the influences of OGD stimulation on PC-12 cells. Meanwhile, miR-124 was positively regulated by Remifentanil, and miR-124 silencing reversed the effects of Remifentanil on cell viability, apoptosis, autophagy and the JAK2/mTOR pathway. In conclusion, Remifentanil protected PC-12 cells from OGD damage, which was mediated by up-regulation of miR-124 and activation of the JAK2/mTOR pathway.
Effect of Blastocyst Morphology and Developmental Speed on Transfer Strategy for Grade “C” Blastocyst in Vitrified-Warmed Cycles
Authors: He Yuxia , Chen Shiping , Liu Jianqiao , Kang Xiangjin , Liu Haiying 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: High-quality single blastocyst transfer (SBT) is increasingly recommended to patients because of its acceptable pregnancy outcomes and significantly reduced multiple pregnancy rate compared to double blastocyst transfer (DBT). However, there is no consensus on whether this transfer strategy is also suitable for poor-quality blastocysts. Moreover, the effect of the development speed of poor-quality blastocysts on pregnancy outcomes has been controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of blastocyst development speed and morphology on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes during the frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycle of poor-quality blastocysts and to ultimately provide references for clinical transfer strategies.Methods: A total of 2,038 FET cycles of poor-quality blastocysts were analyzed from January 2014 to December 2019 and divided based on the blastocyst development speed and number of embryos transferred: the D5-SBT (n=476), D5-DBT (n=365), D6-SBT (n=730), and D6-DBT (n=467) groups. The SBT group was further divided based on embryo morphology: D5-AC/BC (n=407), D5-CA/CB (n=69), D6-AC/BC (n=580), and D6-CA /CB (n=150).Results: When blastocysts reach the same development speed, the live birth and multiple pregnancy rates of DBT were significantly higher than those of SBT. Moreover, there was no statistical difference in the rates of early miscarriage and live birth between the AC/BC and CA/CB groups. When patients in the SBT group were stratified by blastocyst development speed, the rates of clinical pregnancy (42.44% vs. 20.82%) and live birth (32.35% vs. 14.25%) of D5-SBT group were significantly higher than those of D6-SBT group. Furthermore, for blastocysts in the same morphology group (AC/BC or CA/CA group), the rates of clinical pregnancy and live birth in the D5 group were also significantly higher than those of D6 group. Conclusion: For poor-quality D5 blastocysts, SBT can be recommended to patients because of acceptable pregnancy outcomes and significantly reduced multiple pregnancy rate compared with DBT. For poor-quality D6, the DBT strategy is recommended to patients to improve pregnancy outcomes. When blastocysts reach the same development speed, the transfer strategy of selecting blastocyst with inner cell mass “C” or blastocyst with trophectoderm “C” does not affect the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Isoforms ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 are Essential for Myogenic Differentiation
Authors: Rihani Laura , Franzmeier Sophie , Wu Wei , Schlegel Jürgen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Satellite cells (SC) constitute the stem cell population of skeletal muscle tissue and are determinants for myogenesis. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) enzymatic activity correlates with myogenic properties of SCs and, recently, we could show co-localization of its isoforms ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 in SCs of human skeletal muscle. ALDH1 is not only the pacemaker enzyme in retinoic acid signaling and differentiation, but also protecting cell maintenance against oxidative stress products. However, the molecular mechanism of ALDH1 in SC activation and regulation of myogenesis has not yet been characterized. In regard of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A1 expression in myogenesis human RH30 and murine C2C12 myoblast cell lines were investigated using Western Blot, Immunofluorescence and Aldefluor Assay. Results Here, we show, that isoforms ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 are pivotal factors in the process of myogenic differentiation, since ALDH1A1 knock-out and ALDH1A3 knock-out, respectively, impaired differentiation potential. Recombinant re-expression of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3, respectively, in corresponding ALDH1-isoform knock-out cells recovered their differentiation potential. Most interestingly, the chemical inhibition of enzymatic activity by disulfiram leads to ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 protein upregulation and subsequent myogenic differentiation. Conclusion Our findings indicate that ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 proteins are important for myogenic differentiation and, therefore, seem to be essential activators and regulators of SCs.
Dual Antibacterial Effect Of In-situ&nbsp;Electrospun Curcumin Composite Nanofibers To Sterilize Drug-resistant Bacteria
Authors: Liu Chun-Li , Zhang Jun , Yang Jun , Bai Xiao-Han , Cao Zhi-Kai , Yang Chen , Ramakrishna Seeram , Yang Da-Peng , Long Yun-Ze 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Bacterial infection especially caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria still endangers human life. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can effectively kill bacteria, and nanofiber-based PDT can effectively reduce damages to normal tissues. However, current photosensitizers coated on the surface of fibers would release to the wound causing some side effects. And nanofibers prepared by traditional method exhibiting poor adhesion on wound, which severely reduces the PDT effect due to its short-range effect. Herein, core-shell curcumin composite nanofibers are prepared by in-situ electrospinning method via a self-made portable electrospinning device. The obtained composite nanofibers show superior adhesiveness on different biological surface than that of traditional preparation method. Upon 808nm irradiation, these composite nanofibers effectively produced singlet oxygen (1O2) without curcumin fall off. After these composite nanofibers contaminated with drug-resistant bacteria, they exhibit dual antibacterial behaviors and efficiently kill the drug-resistant bacteria. These dual antibacterial nanofiber membranes with excellent adhesiveness may benefit the applications of wound infection as antibacterial dressing.
Hsa_circ_001659&nbsp;Serves as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: He Baoyu , Chao Wei , Huang Zhizhuo , Zeng Jianchao , Yang Jie , Luo Delan , Huang Shishun , Pan Hongli , Hao Yujun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is prevalent worldwide and novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are needed to improve precision medicine. Circulating circular RNAs (circRNAs) are currently being considered as emerging tumor biomarkers. Methods: Candidate circRNA was selected by integrating analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using GEO2R program. The expression data of serum circ_001659 were obtained from the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Receiver operating characteristic curves were applied to evaluate the clinical applications of circ_001659. Finally, biological functions and potential mechanisms of circ_001659 in tumor progression were investigated in CRC progression. Results: The results showed that the diagnostic performance of serum circ_001659 were excellent for CRC detection. The predictive values and likelihood ratios were satisfactory for the diagnosis of CRC, including patients in early-stage disease or patients with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-negative status. Serum levels of circ_001659 declined significantly 3 months after surgery in both preoperative CEA-positive and CEA-negative patients. Functionally, circ_001659 influenced tumor cell metastasis via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cytoskeleton organization. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that circ_001659 could be a useful serum biomarker for CRC diagnosis and prognosis. Targeting circ_001659 and its pathway may be meaningful for treating patients with CRC.