bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Participants’ Engagement and Satisfaction With a Smartphone App Intended to Support Healthy Weight Gain, Diet, and Physical Activity During Pregnancy: Qualitative Study Within the HealthyMoms Trial
Authors: Sandborg Johanna , Henriksson Pontus , Larsen Erica , Lindqvist Anna-Karin , Rutberg Stina , Söderström Emmie , Maddison Ralph , Löf Marie 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundExcessive gestational weight gain (GWG) is common and associated with negative health outcomes for both mother and child. Mobile health–delivered lifestyle interventions offer the potential to mitigate excessive GWG. The effectiveness of a smartphone app (HealthyMoms) was recently evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. To explore the users’ experiences of using the app, a qualitative study within the HealthyMoms trial was performed.ObjectiveThis qualitative study explored participants’ engagement and satisfaction with the 6-month usage of the HealthyMoms app.MethodsA total of 19 women (mean age: 31.7, SD 4.4 years; mean BMI: 24.6, SD 3.4 kg/m2; university degree attainment: 13/19, 68%; primiparous: 11/19, 58%) who received the HealthyMoms app in a randomized controlled trial completed semistructured exit interviews. The interviews were audiorecorded and fully transcribed, coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis with an inductive approach.ResultsThematic analysis revealed a main theme and 2 subthemes. The main theme, “One could suit many: a multifunctional tool to strengthen women’s health during pregnancy,” and the 2 subthemes, “Factors within and beyond the app influence app engagement” and “Trust, knowledge, and awareness: aspects that can motivate healthy habits,” illustrated that a trustworthy and appreciated health and pregnancy app that is easy to use can inspire a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy. The first subtheme discussed how factors within the app (eg, regular updates and feedback) were perceived to motivate both healthy habits and app engagement. Additionally, factors beyond the app were described to both motivate (eg, interest, motivation, and curiosity) and limit (eg, pregnancy-related complications, lack of time) app engagement. The second subtheme reflected important aspects, such as high trustworthiness of the app, increased knowledge, and awareness from using the app, which motivated participants to improve or maintain healthy habits during pregnancy.ConclusionsThe HealthyMoms app was considered a valuable and trustworthy tool to mitigate excessive GWG, with useful features and relevant information to initiate and maintain healthy habits during pregnancy.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03298555; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03298555International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR2-10.2196/13011
Assessing potential cures: are there distinctive elements of value beyond health gain?
Authors: Hendriks Saskia , Pearson Steven D 
Published: March 2021

Assessing the ‘value’ of potential cures can be challenging, as some have suggested that cures may offer distinctive benefits from noncurative treatments. We explore what these – previously unspecified – additional benefits may be. We suggest that three new elements of value seem distinctive to cures: liberation from the identity of being diseased, liberation from the stigma associated with the disease and liberation from the burden of ongoing therapy. However, including additional elements of value in health technology assessment may result in double counting and requires consideration of potential opportunity costs. We suggest health technology assessment should explore the relevance of these three elements of value and may have good reasons to – judiciously – integrate them through the deliberative process.
KANAIMÉ E PAJÉ EM TERRITÓRIO WAPICHANA: REGIÃO AMAZÔNICA ENTRE O BRASIL E A GUIANA INGLESA
Authors: Machado Ananda , Pereira Jama Peres 
Published: March 2021

O artigo é o resultado parcial de uma pesquisa que tem buscado biografar vidas de indígenas Wapichana da fronteira entre o Brasil e a República Cooperativa da Guiana- Região Amazônica. As narrativas sobre o Kanaimé são recorrentes nessa região e fazem parte da biografia do indígena Wapichana entrevistado. Usamos a metodologia da história oral e assim essa biografia, aspráticas do Kanaimé e as narrativas relacionadas a sua origem e morte são vetores para discussões teóricas sobre a figura do narrador e como suas experiências e narrativas orais permanecem na memória, fazendo parte da vida e da identidade cultural dos Wapichana e de outros povos indígenas que vivem entre o Brasil e a Guiana Inglesa.
Necropolítica, resistência, sacrifício e terror
Authors: Bontempo Valéria Lima 
Published: March 2021

MBEMBE, Achille. Necropolítica. São Paulo: N-1 Edições, 2018, 80p. O filósofo camaronês, Achille Mbembe revela, em Necropolítica – Biopoder, soberania, Estado de exceção, política da morte, a influência da necropolítica na reconfiguração das relações entre resistência, sacrifício e terror, noção que diz respeito à subjugação da vida ao poder da morte. O poder político cuida de medidas sobre como a vida deverá ser gerida e também se encarrega de fazer a gestão sobre como e quem deve morrer.
The Recurring Debate in the United States over Mandatory Firm Rotation
Authors: Keyser John D. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
In 2011, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board initiated a project to consider the imposition of mandatory firm rotation (MFR). While some believe that the idea of MFR began in the 1970s, the present study demonstrates that MFR was first explored during the SEC's investigation of the McKesson & Robbins scandal in the late 1930s. This study provides new insight into the significance of the McKesson & Robbins fraud in terms of its implications for the accounting profession. The possibility of MFR has been considered multiple times since audits of financial statements were mandated by the Securities Acts. The article describes these events, including the circumstances that led to consideration of MFR. The key arguments that arose during the PCAOB's MFR debate are traced to their historical origins.
Historical Development of the Standard Audit Report in the U.S.: Form, Scope, and Renewed Attention to Fraud Detection
Authors: Pandit Ganesh M. , Baker C. Richard 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper is to trace the historical development of the standard audit report (SAR) in the United States from its emergence in the 19th century to its current version, and examine how the SAR came full circle to once again include attention to the risk of fraud. While prior research has addressed some of this history, this paper completes the picture to the present date. In the last 100+ years, the SAR has changed from a “certificate” to an “opinion.” The scope of the audit has shifted from being an “examination” to the lesser responsibility of an “audit.” The emphasis has shifted from absolute assurance to reasonable assurance. Over time, the relative responsibilities of management and auditors have been clarified in the report. Most importantly, the basis for opinion has now moved back to include an assessment of material misstatements caused by error and fraud.
Recruitment of Disabled Athletes: Hong Kong Perspective
Authors: NG Patrick 
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
This paper is a further elaboration of the power point presentation at the CPISRA Conference and General Assembly held in November 2006 in Lisbon. Aging problem has been prevailing in the disabled sports globally and phenomenal particularly in Hong Kong. The Hong Kong Paralympic Committee & Sports Association for the Physically Disabled (HKPC&SAPD) has organized and will continue the beneficial and affective programs in recruiting disabled athletes with a hope to attain more and the best athletes for Paralympics.
本文乃國際痙攣人士體育及康樂聯會於2006年11月在里斯本舉行研討會暨同人大會之延續。傷殘人士運動員老化已成世界性問題，該現象香港則始於2000年悉尼殘奧運後。本文描述香港殘奧會暨傷殘體協致力舉辦及持續推行各項有效活動，務求招募更多更佳傷殘運動員於殘奧運達致佳績。
Examination of Competitive Anxiety and Self-Confidence among College Varsity Athletes
Authors: ZENG Howard Z. , LEUNG Raymond W. , LIU Wenhao 
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between competitive anxiety and self-confidence among collegiate varsity athletes. Participants were 96 athletes from a university in the United States, and their sport affiliations included baseball, volleyball, softball, track and field, and gymnastics. The following four questionnaires were administered to the participants: Competitive State Anxiety Inventroy-2, State Sport-Confidence Inventory, Sport Competition Anxiety Test for Adults, and Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory. Data were analyzed by Pearson product-moment correlations. Results showed that athletes who possessed a low level of competitive trait anxiety on a regular practice day tended to have low levels of cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety, as well as high levels of state self-confidence and state sport­-confidence on a competition day. In addition, athletes who possessed a high level of trait sport-confidence on a regular practice day tended to have low levels of cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety, and high levels of state self­-confidence and state sport-confidence on a competition day. The present investigation also found that cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety were the predictors to estimate athletes’ self-confidence and performance.
本文旨在檢驗大學生運動員的競賽焦慮與自信之間的相關聯繫，研究對象為美國一所大學的九十六名大學生運動員，他們所在的運動隊包括壘球、排球、棒球、田徑和體操。四個調查問卷(其中兩個用於測量競賽焦慮，兩個用來調查運動員的自信心)被用來收集數據。並採用佩爾森運動相關係數檢驗法對數據進行了分析。結果表明:在正常訓練日裡具有低水平特質性競賽焦慮的運動員傾向於在競賽之日具有低水平的認知性焦慮和軀體性焦慮，但具有較高水平的狀態運動性自信心。而在正常的訓練日具 有高水平的特質性運動自信心的運動員傾向於在競賽之日具有低水平的認知性焦慮與軀體性焦慮。本研究也證實了認知性焦慮與軀體性焦慮為兩項預測運動員自信心與競技表現的有效指示。
Learning and Teaching Experiences of Sport Education
Authors: LI Chung , CRUZ Alberto 
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
This paper aims to report a collaborative study project between a teacher training institute and two secondary schools in Hong Kong. It involves the initiation of an innovative curriculum model titled “sport education”. The study attached to the practice-referenced and interpretive research perspective with interviewing and video-taping of lessons as tools for data collection. It inquires how 2 experienced PE teachers and 12 secondary 4 students with “high-”, “average-” and “low-level” sports skill proficiency articulated their teaching and learning experiences with sport education. The findings revealed that both teachers accepted sport education for providing positive learning experiences for promoting students' generic skills and all round development. Students' active learning, motivation, self initiation, creativity and team cohesiveness were also enhanced. Most students satisfied with experiences of taking roles, performing duties, affiliating with teams, collaborating with others and accomplishing tasks. However, both teachers experienced difficulties of increase in workload. 3 students encountered unpleasant experiences of injury, unfair judgment of the referees and completing assignment after school illustrating their differences in expectation on physical education. Recommendations are made for overcoming these difficulties. The findings of this study provide qualitative insights on how sport education can better be implemented to enhance students' learning in physical education.
本文旨在報告一所師資培訓學院與兩所香港中學的一項協作研究計劃，該計劃涉及推展名為「競技運動教育」創新課程模式的研究。研究以實踐為本及詮釋理念為依據和利用訪談及課堂錄影為資料搜集工具，探討了2位資深體育教師和12位運動技能水平被介定為「高」、「中」及「低」學生對競技運動教育的教與學經歷。研究結果顯示2位體育教師接納此課程模式並提供學生正面的學習經驗，促進他/她們的共通能力和全人發展。此模式也能培養學生的主動學習、應激、自我驅動、創意和團隊內聚力。大部份學生對參與承擔角式、執行職責、加入團隊、與人合作和完成被指派工作等學習經歷也是正面的。但是，兩位老師均 經歷工作量增加的困難，其中3位同學也遇上不愉快的經驗如受傷、不公平的裁判判決和完成家課等。研究結果對推展競技運動教育以促進學生學習作出建議及質性啓示。
Evaluation and Development of Non-Exercise Prediction Models of Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Azerbaijan-Iranian Young Men
Authors: HOSSINI M. Khorshidi , VALIZADEH A. , BOLBOLI L. , MEAMARBASHI A. 
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
The purpose of this study was to develop a regression equation to predict maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) based on non-exercise (N-EX) data and to investigate the validity of these equations in healthy young men. One hundred healthy men (age: 18-26 years) were randomly separated in two equal groups (n=50). All participants, successfully completed a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) to assess VO2max (Mean = 45.56 ml × kg-1 × min-1, SD = 4.14). The N-EX data collected just before the maximal GXT including participants’ age; body mass index (BMI); perceived functional ability (PFA) to walk, jog, or run given distances; and current physical activity (PA-R) level. Methodological differences among these methods (new equation and GXT in the validation group) were analyzed with Bland-Altman (1986) method. A good correlation coefficients were observed between VO2max and body mass index (BMI) (r = -0.50), PFA (r = 0.71) and PA-R (r = 0.70) in the development group (p< 0.05). Multiple linear regression generated the following N-EX prediction equation: VO2max (ml × kg-1 × min-1) = 47.718 – (0.38516 × BMI) + (0.8541 × PA-R) + (0.2539 × PFA). When new VO2max prediction equation were applied to the validation group, high agreement were also observed between measured VO2max by GXT and predicted VO2max (mean±SD: 0.58±2.53) (p< 0.05). This study provided an N-EX regression model that yields relatively accurate results and it is a convenient way to predict VO2max in Azerbaijan–Iranian young men with a similar cardiorespiratory fitness level. Authors recommend further studies to elucidate generality of the new equation.
本研究旨在計算預測年青人最大攝氧量的公式，邀請了100位健康男士，分成兩組進行測驗。結果顯示，推算最大攝氧量的公式如下: VO2max (ml × kg-1 × min-1) = 47.718 – (0.38516 × BMI) + (0.8541 × PA-R) + (0.2539 × PFA) 。
Comparison of Australia, Singapore & Hong Kong Sport Policy
Authors: LAU Patrick WC , CHAN Eric CH 
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
The present study investigates the sport policy between Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong. The objective is to contrast current Hong Kong sport policy with Australia, Singapore through their respective sport administrative experiences, policy recommendations were made to provide references to the Hong Kong sport policy development in the next decade. The findings demonstrated that Australian and Singapore central sport agencies have worked closely with government departments, national sporting organizations and private sectors to deliver a wide range of sports to their citizens and elite training. Furthermore, based upon the Singapore experience, government’s strategic blueprint and new visions for the future sport development is imperative to the success of sport culture. Finally, sport industry is playing a significant role in both elite and mass sport development. Other policy suggestions are made in the study based upon the lessons from Australia and Singapore.
本文探討了澳洲、新加坡和香港的運動政策。目的是在運動管理系統、運動資金分配、競技運動與大眾運動參與等方面，分別將香港現行的運動政策與澳洲和新加坡的政策進行比較。最後藉著澳洲和新加坡的經驗，對香港未來十年的運動政策發展提出參考性的建議。研究發現澳洲和新加坡的主要管理機構都與政府部門、國家運動單項組織及私人機構長緊密合作，為國民提供了多元化的運動項目選擇和競技訓練。而且，新加坡的經驗進一步顯示政府的長遠規劃和新思維對運動成功發展具決定性影响。最後，運動產業化對競技運動和大眾運動參與的發揮了重要的作用。最後，文中亦基於澳洲和新加坡的經驗提出了其他政策建議。
From Propagation to Field: Influence of Tray Design on Tree Seedling Quality and Performance1
Authors: McGrath Darby , Henry Jason , Munroe Ryan , Williams Charlene 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of low, moderate and high substrate exposure air-pruning propagation trays on eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall ssp. deltoides) and black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) seedling root system quality and overall performance. Root system quality was characterized primarily by proportion of coarse root defects within the container imprint. Seedlings were evaluated after a nearly four-month commercial greenhouse production phase and one year after transplanting into a nursery field. Above and below-ground growth were measured at both time points. Proportions of coarse root defects, indicating degree of root deflection in container production, were persistent between greenhouse and field production phases. The Open (high substrate exposure) tray produced seedlings with roughly three times less deflected coarse root weight compared to the Closed Wall (low substrate exposure) tray for both species in both production phases. At neither production phase were there significant differences in above-ground growth among trays. This corroborates findings from other research studies that have found that variable root system quality does not always result in above-ground growth differences; and that when it does, differences in growth may take several years to manifest.Index words:, tree seedling quality, root defects, transplant performance, above-ground growth.Species used in this study: eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall ssp. deltoides), black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.).
Nvidia's Stock Returns Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques for Time Series Forecasting Problem
Authors: Chlebus Marcin , Dyczko Michał , Woźniak Michał 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Statistical learning models have profoundly changed the rules of trading on the stock exchange. Quantitative analysts try to utilise them predict potential profits and risks in a better manner. However, the available studies are mostly focused on testing the increasingly complex machine learning models on a selected sample of stocks, indexes etc. without a thorough understanding and consideration of their economic environment. Therefore, the goal of the article is to create an effective forecasting machine learning model of daily stock returns for a preselected company characterised by a wide portfolio of strategic branches influencing its valuation. We use Nvidia Corporation stock covering the period from 07/2012 to 12/2018 and apply various econometric and machine learning models, considering a diverse group of exogenous features, to analyse the research problem. The results suggest that it is possible to develop predictive machine learning models of Nvidia stock returns (based on many independent environmental variables) which outperform both simple naïve and econometric models. Our contribution to literature is twofold. First, we provide an added value to the strand of literature on the choice of model class to the stock returns prediction problem. Second, our study contributes to the thread of selecting exogenous variables and the need for their stationarity in the case of time series models.
Incidence of COVID-19 in patients exposed to chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: results from a population-based prospective cohort in Catalonia, Spain, 2020
Authors: Vivanco-Hidalgo Rosa Maria , Molina Israel , Martinez Elisenda , Roman-Viñas Ramón , Sánchez-Montalvá Adrián , Fibla Joan , Pontes Caridad , Velasco Muñoz César ,   on behalf of the Real World Data Working Group
Published: March 2021

Background
Several clinical trials have assessed the protective potential of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine. Chronic exposure to such drugs might lower the risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Aim
To assess COVID-19 incidence and risk of hospitalisation in a cohort of patients chronically taking chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine.

Methods
We used linked health administration databases to follow a cohort of patients with chronic prescription of hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine and a control cohort matched by age, sex and primary care service area, between 1 January and 30 April 2020. COVID-19 cases were identified using International Classification of Diseases 10 codes.

Results
We analysed a cohort of 6,746 patients (80% female) with active prescriptions for hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, and 13,492 controls. During follow-up, there were 97 (1.4%) COVID-19 cases in the exposed cohort and 183 (1.4%) among controls. The incidence rate was very similar between the two groups (12.05 vs 11.35 cases/100,000 person-days). The exposed cohort was not at lower risk of infection compared with controls (hazard ratio (HR): 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83–1.44; p = 0.50). Forty cases (0.6%) were admitted to hospital in the exposed cohort and 50 (0.4%) in the control cohort, suggesting a higher hospitalisation rate in the former, though differences were not confirmed after adjustment (HR: 1·46; 95% CI: 0.91–2.34; p = 0.10).

Conclusions
Patients chronically exposed to chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine did not differ in risk of COVID-19 nor hospitalisation, compared with controls. As controls were mainly female, findings might not be generalisable to a male population.
Becoming a posthuman systemic nomad. Part II: Systemic Nomads. An Ecosophy
Authors: Van Hennik Robert 
Published: March 2021

In the second part of the text “Becoming a posthuman systemic nomad”, I suggest ways in which systemic practitioners may become systemic nomads, reintegrating cybernetics and social constructionism and taking a new-materialist perspective on life. Systemic therapists may become “post human systemic nomads”, navigating and systemically learning in complex adaptive systems, in which we are relational responsible to all human and non-human actors in the networks that we produce and that we are produced by. Inspired by the philosophy of Deleuze and Guattari I made three cartographies for us, systemic nomads, navigating complexity in multi-actor systems. Systemic practitioners (from a new-materialist perspective) can co-create better ecological worlds if we are conscious of the effects of our actions in interdependent relationships with all actors in life, when – as nomads – we display systemic sensibility or intelligence (Senge, 2006) within systems of multi-actors.

Abstract (Dutch)

In dit tweede deel van de tekst “Becoming a posthuman systemic nomad” beschrijf ik hoe systeemtherapeuten en consulenten “systemische nomaden” kunnen worden door in hun denken en doen inspiraties uit de cybernetica, het sociaal constructionisme en het nieuw-materialisme te integreren. Systeemtherapeuten en ‘systemisch’ consulenten, die “systemische nomaden” worden, navigeren en leren navigeren in complex adaptieve multi-actor systemen. Zij ervaren een ‘relationele verantwoordelijkheid’ naar zowel humane als niet-humane (dingen, dieren, planten) actoren in de netwerken waartoe zij betekenisvol bijdragen, waarvan zij om betekenisvol voort te bestaan afhankelijk zijn. “Systemische nomaden”, bewust van de inter-afhankelijkheid tussen alle humane en niet-humane deelnemers in het multi-actor netwerk, kunnen mogelijk bijdragen in de co-creatie van betere ecologisch afgestemde leefwerelden. Geïnspireerd door de filosofie van Deleuze en Guattari maakte ik drie cartografieën die ons in dit proces van navigeren en leren navigeren kunnen helpen.