bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of salt stress levels on nutritional quality and microorganisms of alfalfa-influenced soil
Authors: Lu Qiang , Ge GenTu , Sa DuoWen , Wang ZhiJun , Hou MeiLing , Jia Yu Shan 
Published: July 2021

Background
Globally, there is a large amount of salinized land. These soils have varying degrees of salt stress, causing ionic toxicity and osmotic stress on plants. However, it is not clear how different degrees of salt stress affect plant nutrients and microbial communities. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of plant major nutrients and microbial communities response to salt stress is desirable.

Results
We analyzed the main nutrients of the salt-tolerant ZhongMu No. 3 alfalfa variety planted in a salt stress environment. In mild and moderate group, the protein content and fatty acid content of alfalfa were the highest, indicating the best nutritional value. The severe group of salt stress affected the growth and development of alfalfa, as manifested by a decrease in the nutritional quality of alfalfa. Pseudomonas and Sphingobacterium that from alfalfa stem and leaf endophytes also increased with an increase in salt stress. In contrast, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, and Rhizobium decrease with increasing salt stress. Methylobacterium and Rhizobium have extremely significant differences in response to salt stress, and Exiquobacterium also shows significant differences.

Conclusions
Soil salinity would be an important factor beyond which alfalfa nutrient quality and microbial community structure change. This study identified key levels of salt stress that may affect the nutrient quality and microbial community structure. These findings enhance our understanding of the effects of salt stress on the nutritional quality of alfalfa and provide a reference for the sustainable use of salinized soil in the future.
Relationship between Body Mass Index and Skin Fold Thickness in Young Females
Authors: Mukkamala Neha , Patel Pooja , Shankar Gauri , Soni Jay , Parmar Lata 
Published: July 2021

Background: Anthropometric indicators are used to evaluate the prognosis of chronic and acute diseases, and to guide medical intervention. In anthropometry, body mass index (BMI) is widely accepted in determining obesity and skin fold thickness measurements provide good estimates of body fat.
Aim: To see the relationship between BMI and skin fold thickness in young females.
Study Design: Observational study
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study. Measurements of height, weight, BMI and skin fold thickness were obtained for young adult females. Triceps, suprailiac and abdomen skin fold thickness were measured by using a skin fold calliper. For skin fold thickness, all measurements were taken three times and an average value was recorded.
Results: Total 251 participants took part in the study. The mean skin fold thickness in the triceps was 22±6.02 mm, abdominal was 24.41±5.84 mm, and suprailiac was 21.23±5.74 mm. There was a significant correlation seen between BMI and triceps SFT (ρ=0.816,P=0.000), BMI and Abdominal SFT (ρ=0.854,P=0.000) and BMI and suprailiac SFT (ρ=0.850,P=0.000). There was a significant association between BMI and physical activities (P=0.000).
Conclusion: There was a significant correlation seen between BMI and SFT at triceps, abdominal and suprailiac region. There was a significant association between BMI and physical activities.
Effects of Combination Therapy of Methotrexate with Sulfasalazine and Hydroxychloroquine: Comparative Clinical Trial
Authors: Bukhari Qurrat-Ul-Ain , Mirza Kauser Moin , Dar Muzna Hameed , Abbas Afshan , Faisal Hina , Hassan Faiza 
Published: July 2021

Aims: To study the role of two combination therapies in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Study Design: This an open-label, randomized 180-days clinical trial.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, BMSI and Medical unit ward 6.
Methodology: Eighty-nine patients were enrolled (69 women, 20 men; age range 28-62 years). A and B were the groups assigned to the patients. MTX 7.5-20 mg/ week orally and SSZ 10-20 mg / day orally as maximally tolerated were prescribed to the 55 patients of group A. MTX 7.5-20 mg/ week orally and HCQ 200 mg twice daily were prescribed to the 54 patients of group B..
Results: When we compared group A with group B, group A showed major progress in mean swollen joint count (1.9 ± 0.97) as compared to group B (2.7 ± 1.78). Group B showed major progress in mean physician’s global assessment (2.7 ± 0.92) as compared to group A (3.8 ± 1.22). For that reason, our study showed that patients receiving both the combinations responded equally in terms of efficacy but the combination of MTX and HCQ is better tolerated than the combination of MTX and SSZ.
Conclusion: Both combinations of MTX & SSZ and MTX & HCQ were equally effective but the combination of MTX & HCQ was superior in terms of tolerability than the combination of MTX and SSZ.
Effects of Fermented Coffee Extracts on Spatial Cognition and Memory of Alzheimer’s Disease Induced Rats
Authors: Shree R. Vidhya , Praveen R. , Sukumaran Prabhu 
Published: July 2021

Aim: The current study hypothesizes that ingestion of polyphenols-enriched preparation such as yeast fermented extracts of green and roasted coffee beans will demonstrate neuroprotective and stimulatory function.
Study Design: Optimizing yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mediated fermentation conditions of C.Arabica beans →Extraction by the sonication-agitation method before and after roasting to obtain Fermented Green Coffee Extracts (FGCE) and Fermented Roasted Coffee Extracts (FRCE) →Phytochemical profiling of the fermented extracts was performed → Animal Study (in vivo evaluation).
Place and Duration: The research work was conducted during December, 2019 to May, 2020 at the Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Post Bag No.1, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur Tk, Kancheepuram Dt TN-602117, India.
Methodology: The FGCE and FRCE extracts were prepared and subjected to comparative phytochemical profiling for in vitro analysis. Further, the in vivo analysis was performed on 24 Albino Wistar rats, which were divided into four groups (Group I (Control group) received normal diet; Group II (AD induced group) received AlCl3; Group III received FGCE and AlCl3, Group IV received FRCE and AlCl3). In order to represent the most exact model that mimics AD the rats were injected with AlCl3 .6H2O at dose 70 mg / kg I.P for 6 weeks. During induction the rats were subjected to spatial memory tests (T-maze) and motor co-ordination tests (burrowing assay).
Results: The FGCE had a higher amount of polyphenols (1.20 ± 0.02 GAE mg / ml) compared to FRCE (0.99 ± 0.047 GAE mg / ml). Also, the ferric reducing anti-oxidant potential was higher in FGCE (5.14 ± 0.17 mmol Fe2+ / g) than in FRCE (3.7 ± 0.2 mmol Fe2+ / g). As a result of behavioural analysis, the fermented green coffee extract consumption in Alzheimer induced rats had a prominent positive effect on memory retention and motor co-ordination.
Conclusion: This study elucidates the potential nature of FGCE in decelerating the progression of AD at a higher rate than FRCE.
Simultaneous Determination and Validation of Flupirtine Maleate and Paracetamol in Combined Dosage Form by Chromatographic Technique
Authors: Dash Dillip Kumar , Sen Ashim Kumar , Saisivam S. , Sadhu Piyushkumar , Patel Shivkant , Baile Sunil 
Published: July 2021

Objective: The focus of this research was to establish a validated high-performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for analysing Flupirtine maleate and Paracetamol in a combined dosage form.
Method: Paracetamol and Flupirtine maleate were measured using a mobile phase of Ethyl acetate: Chloroform (7:5 v/v) at 286 nm. This technique was validated in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines.
Results: The Rf value for paracetamol was 0.31 and 0.52 for Flupirtine maleate in this existing technique. Paracetamol's linearity was found to be in the range of 3250-6500 ng/band, while Flupirtine maleate's linearity was found to be in the range of 1000-2000 ng/band. The method's accuracy was determined by recovery experiments, which revealed a percent recovery of 98 to 102 percent. The % RSD was determined to be less than 2 in the Precision investigation, and the assay result for both compounds was within the limit.
Association of Mental Health and Aggression against Co-Workers in Indian Banks during COVID 19
Authors: Dutt Shivani , Moray Rashmy 
Published: July 2021

Most representatives working in banks have been affected severely due to COVID 19 widespread in India. This comprehensive examination's key goal is to carefully examine mental health problems such as anxiety and depression among the bank employees and identify their relationship with aggression against their co-workers during COVID-19 circumstance. A non-probability snowball testing procedure has been utilized to direct online surveys from 536 employees. A moderate level of information has been perceived about COVID 19 among the employees working in banks. Besides COVID-19 related information, anxiety was surveyed by English adaptation of GAD-scale; an English version of CES-D has been used to gauge the depression and aggression against co-workers and is assessed by Conflict Tactics Scales. Affiliations between aggressions against co-workers with mental health problems have been recognized using multiple logistic regressions. The predominance of anxiety and depression is 24.27% and 47.72%, respectively. Additionally, the prevalence of the union of depression and anxiety is 20.81%. 71.1% of participants show frequent aggression against co-workers. The research findings depict that frequent aggression against co-workers was particularly connected with mental health issues during the COVID-19 flare-up. These detections ensnared that the administration needs to consider psychological well-being issues, particularly depression and anxiety among bank employees.
Dhoopana-A Concept of Fumigation in Ayurveda
Authors: Sawarkar Punam , Sawarkar Gaurav 
Published: July 2021

Concept of disinfection or fumigation is very important as every host has not optimum level of immunity to defence himself against pathogens causing diseases and so it is commonly practised in many developed nations to prevent transmission of viral diseases which are airborne in nature such as COVID -19. However various review of modern fumigating physical & chemical agents e.g. Formalin which are expensive, having crumblesome technique & toxic nature are generally used for this purpose.Therefore, current situation of COVID pandemic demands for the replacement in Ayurveda e.g. Dhoopana Karma for such techniques.As it is cost effective, safe, convenient, effective, and lucrative method of sterilizaion. Main aim of this paper is to compile all scattered information regarding Dhoopana Karma from different Ayurvedic sculptures. All information of these karma which is in dispursed form is complied & described under different heads such as history pf Dhoopana Karma, synonyms, classification, indications (general & specific), various drugs useful for Dhoopana, their period for collection, different formulations for Dhoopana, instruments for Dhoopana, different modes of administration / procedure, method of storing and preservation of Dhoopana Dravya & duration of procedure in descriptive manner & tabular form. Extensive review related with Dhoopana Karma shows that that Dhoopan Karma which is a most common method of sterilization described in an ayurveda & it is categorised under topical (Bahiparimarjana) treatment.Broad spectrum utility of these different formulations of Dhoopana suggests demands for researches in future to study their various pharmacological properties & actions such as bacteriostatic or bactericidal, wormicidal, anti-inflammatory ,antiseptic, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal anti –pyretic. Suchpe of vivid research may become helpful to prevent the need for medical intervention in entities such as COVID-19. On the basis of this review, it can be concluded that Dhoopana Karma can be used as a type of fumigation for massive & local sterilization in current dreadful outbreak of COVID-19.
Tailored Liposomal Nanomedicine Suppresses Incomplete Radiofrequency Ablation‐Induced Tumor Relapse by Reprogramming Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Wang Duo , Nie Tianqi , Fang Yifei , Zhang Linzhu , Yu Chao , Yang Ming , Du Ruijie , Liu Junjie , Zhang Lei , Feng Liangzhu , Zhu Haidong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRadiofrequency ablation (RFA), a thermoablative treatment for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has limited therapeutic benefit for advanced HCC patients with large, multiple, and/or irregular tumors owing to incomplete RFA (iRFA) of the tumor mass. It is first identified that iRFA‐treated tumors exhibited increased pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) expression, exacerbated tumor immunosuppression featured with increased tumor infiltration of suppressive immune cells and increased proliferation, and programmed cell death ligand 1 expression of cancer cell and ultimately a poor prognosis. Herein, a multifunctional nanomedicine is fabricated by encapsulating nanoassemblies of anti‐PD‐L1 and spermidine‐grafted oxidized dextran with shikonin‐containing lipid bilayers to reverse iRFA‐induced treatment failure. Shikonin, a PKM2 inhibitor, is used to suppress glycolysis in cancer cells, while anti‐PD‐L1 and spermidine are introduced to collectively reprogram the proliferation and functions of infiltrated CD8+ T lymphocytes. Combined with iRFA, which promoted the exposure of tumor antigens, the intravenous injection of liposomal SPS‐NPs effectively stimulated dendritic cell maturation and reversed tumor immunosuppression, thus eliciting potent antitumor immunity to synergistically suppress the growth of residual tumor masses and lung metastasis. The as‐prepared liposomal nanomedicine is promising for potentiating the therapeutic benefits of RFA toward advanced HCC patients through reprogramming iRFA‐induced tumor immunosuppression.
Mimicking the Dystrophic Cardiac Extracellular Environment through DystroGel
Authors: Chirivì Maila , Maiullari Fabio , Milan Marika , Ceraolo Maria Grazia , Fratini Nicole , Fasciani Alessandra , Bousselmi Salma , Stirm Michael , Scalera Francesca , Gervaso Francesca , Villa Michela , Viganò Raffaello , Brambilla Francesca , Mauri Pierluigi , De Falco Elena , Silvestre Dario Di , Costantini Marco , Wolf Eckhard , Bearzi Claudia , Rizzi Roberto 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAdvances in understanding the mechanisms behind genetic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) underscore the critical role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition in disease progression. Effective in vitro models must replicate the intercellular relationships and physicochemical properties of native ECM to fully capture disease‐specific characteristics. Although recent biomaterials support the in vitro biofabrication of pathophysiological environments, they often lack disease‐specific ECM features. In this study, DystroGel, a hydrogel derived from the cardiac ECM of a porcine DMD model, replicates the distinct molecular composition of dystrophic cardiac tissue for the first time. The findings indicate that the dystrophic ECM matrix exhibits a unique protein profile, impacting cellular processes critical to DMD pathology. This work demonstrates the importance of using a 3D substrate that recreates intercellular dynamics within a defined pathological environment, enhancing the ability to model genetic disorders and providing a valuable tool for advancing personalized therapeutic strategies.
Construction of Acceptor‐Multi‐F State Electrolyte to Enable Unprecedented Long‐Life and High‐Capacity Fluoride‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Decheng , Li Guyue , Yu Yifan , Li Chilin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFluoride ion batteries (FIBs) have garnered significant attention due to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density, dendrite‐free safety, and resource abundance. Although some anion acceptors have been proposed to address the insolubility of inorganic fluoride salts, the difficulty in dissociating fluoride ions from acceptors results in short lifespan and extremely low specific capacity of FIBs. Here, a fluoride ion battery is demonstrated with unprecedented long life and ultrahigh specific capacity through the design of an acceptor‐multi‐F state electrolyte. The high Lewis acidity of triphenylantimony chloride (TSbCl) as a novel anion acceptor in electrolyte facilitates the complete dissociation of CsF, and the resulting TSbCl‐F complex can further interact with fluoride ions to form the acceptor‐multi‐F states. This strategy combines the high dissociation capability for fluoride salts with the minimal thermodynamic barriers for releasing fluoride ions at electrode‐electrolyte interface. This electrolyte design endows FIBs with durable reversible fluorination/defluorination reaction (3700 cycles with high coulombic efficiency of 99.5% and small voltage polarization of 30 mV) and ultrahigh reversible capacity (580 mAh g−1 after 40 cycles at 100 mA g−1). The high‐output voltage FIBs of CuF2//Li configuration (with discharge plateau of 2.9 V) and larger‐sized pouch‐type FIBs of CuF2//Sn+SnF2 configuration (with reversible capacity of 530 mAh g−1) are demonstrated.
Topology‐Oriented Lymph Node Drainage of Dendritic Polymer‐TLR Agonist Conjugates to Enhance Vaccine Immunogenicity
Authors: Ren Long , Wang Bing , Miao Di , Xiang Pan , Zeng Zhen , Li Zhiqian , Chen Xiaoting , Xu Chenjie , Gong Qiyong , Luo Kui , Jing Jing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractStrategically targeting lymph nodes (LNs) to orchestrate the initiation and regulation of adaptive immune responses is one of the most pressing challenges in the context of vaccination. Herein, a series of polymer‐TLR agonist conjugates (PTACs) is developed to investigate the impact of dendritic‐topological characteristics on their LN targeting activity in vivo, and their molecular weight (MW) on their pharmacokinetics in support of their LN homing. Notably, the dendritic 6‐arm PTAC with a MW of 60 kDa (6A‐PTAC‐60k) rapidly delivered cargo to draining LNs after administration to peripheral tissues. Specifically, this topologic structure ameliorated the targeting behavior within lymphatic vessels and LNs, including an elevated amount of TLR7/8 agonist delivered to the LNs, an improved distribution pattern among barrier cells and immune cells, increased permeability, and prolonged retention. Furthermore, the 6A‐PTAC‐60k formulation induced broad antibody and T cell responses, enhancing vaccine immunogenicity and suppressing tumor growth. The results revealed that both the topology and MW of polymers are crucial factors for immunoadjuvant distribution and their functional activity in the draining LNs, which, in turn, enhanced the immunogenicity of the vaccine formulation. This study may provide a chemical and structural basis for optimizing the design of immunoadjuvant delivery systems.
In Situ Growth of Robust 2D ZIF‐67 MOF in Block Copolymer Membranes for Ultrafast Molecular Degradation
Authors: Xu Jingjing , Yu Jianyong , Guo Leiming , Li Faxue , Hadjichristidis Nikos 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMembrane‐based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) rely heavily on the configuration of membrane structures and catalysts. However, designing state‐of‐the‐art membrane structures integrated with tailored catalysts for efficient AOPs remains a significant challenge. In this study, for the first time, hybrid membranes are constructed by the in situ growth of 2D ZIF‐67 onto the nanopore walls of 3D block copolymer (BCP) membranes. These membranes feature highly tunable pore structures, leading to exceptional catalytic performance that surpasses previously reported membranes. The remarkable catalytic efficiency stems from the predominant role of the non‐radical species, 1O2, in catalytic degradation, combined with the integration of the high‐surface‐area 2D ZIF‐67 and the tortuous pore structures of the BCP membranes. The resulting catalytic membranes demonstrate robust performance, achieving stable permeance of over 1800 L (m2·bar·h)−1 while completely degrading dyes during long‐term filtration. Notably, the degradation efficiency is maintained at 90% even when the permeance is adjusted to 3070 L (m2·bar·h)−1. Additionally, the membranes exhibit excellent resistance to both alkali and acidic environments and are unaffected by various background anions or the types of degraded molecules. This work presents a novel approach to designing advanced catalytic membranes for high‐efficiency, space‐confined AOPs.
Engineered Nanocatalyst‐Enabled Cheolesterol Depletion for Enhanced Tumor Piezocatalytic Therapy
Authors: Li Mengdan , Zhou Yajun , Chen Xiaoyang , Chen Weiwei , Yang Yifei , Qian Cheng , Yang Lei , Zhang Yaohan , Zhang Zheng , Wu Wencheng , Yin Yifei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe inadequate generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and metastasis of malignant tumors are critical factors that limit the efficacy of conventional sonodynamic therapy in cancer treatment. Herein, an engineered piezocatalyst: cholesterol oxidase (CHO)‐loaded Pt‐ZnO nanoparticles (Pt‐ZnO/CHO) that can explosively generate large amounts of ROS and block the metastasis of tumor, is developed for improving piezocatalytic tumor therapy. In this process, Pt‐ZnO can substantially generate ROS via initiating ultrasound (US)‐triggered piezocatalytic reactions. In situ‐grown Pt nanoparticles not only optimize piezocatalytic activities but also facilitate oxygen (O2) production, thereby synergistically boosting ROS generation. Moreover, O2 produced by Pt‐ZnO can accelerate the depletion of excess cholesterol in tumor cells under CHO catalysis to disrupt the integrity of lipid rafts and inhibit the formation of lamellipodia, significantly suppressing the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. This strategy by promoting ROS generation and blocking the metastatic pathway of cancer cells offers a new idea for enhanced efficacy‐oriented cancer therapeutic strategies.
Associations Between Gut Microbiota and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xiong Yujun , Zhu Xingyun , Xu Huazhao , Zheng Zitian , Luo Qingfeng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus, and its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between gut microbiota and DN. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between gut microbiota and DN using a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.MethodsGut microbiota data were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium, which provides the most comprehensive genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) on gut microbiota. Summary‐level genetic data for DN were sourced from publicly available GWAS data provided by the FinnGen consortium. The primary analysis was conducted using the inverse variance–weighted (IVW) method, complemented by sensitivity analyses to evaluate pleiotropy and heterogeneity.ResultsFourteen gut microbiota species demonstrated significant genetic associations with DN in the MR analysis, including five negatively and nine positively associated species, as determined by the IVW method. No evidence of pleiotropy or heterogeneity was observed, ensuring the robustness of the findings.ConclusionsThis study provides novel insight into the causal role of gut microbiota in DN pathogenesis, uncovering specific microbial species that may contribute to disease progression. These findings offer a promising avenue for future research and therapeutic development targeting gut microbiota.