bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological neurite changes induced by porcupine inhibition are rescued by Wnt ligands
Authors: Godoy Juan A. , Espinoza-Caicedo Jasson , Inestrosa Nibaldo C 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Wnt signaling plays key roles in cellular and physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration during development and tissue homeostasis in adults. This pathway can be defined as Wnt/β-catenin-dependent or β-catenin-independent or "non-canonical", both signaling are involved in neurite and synapse development/maintenance. Porcupine (PORCN), an acylase that o-acylates Wnt ligands, a major modification in secretion and interaction with its receptors. We use Wnt-C59, a specific PORCN inhibitor, to block the secretion of endogenous Wnts in embryonic hippocampal neurons (DIV 4). Under these conditions, the activity of exogenous Wnt ligands on the complexity of the dendritic tree and axonal polarity were evaluatedMethods: Cultured primary embryonic hippocampal neurons obtained from Sprague-Dawley rat fetuses (E18), were cultured until day in vitro (DIV) 4 (according to Banker´s protocol) and treated with Wnt-C59 for 24h, Wnt ligands were added to the cultures on DIV 3 for 24h. Dendritic arbors and neurites were analysis by fluorescence microscopy. Transfection with Lipofectamine 2000 on DIV 2 of plasmid expressing eGFP and KIF5-Cherry was carried out to evaluate neuronal polarity. Immunostaining was performed with MAP1B and Tau protein. Immunoblot analysis was carried out with Wnt3a, b-catenin and GSK-3b (p-Ser9). Quantitative analysis of dendrite morphology was carried out with ImageJ (NIH) software with Neuron J Plugin.Results: We report, here, that Wnt-C59 treatment changed the morphology of the dendritic arbors and neurites of embryonic hippocampal neurons, with decreases b-catenin and Wnt3a and an apparent increase in GSK-3b (p-Ser9) levels. No effect was observed on axonal polarity. In sister cultures, addition of exogenous Wnt3a, 5a and 7a ligands rescued the changes in neuronal morphology. Wnt3a restored the length of neurites to near that of the control, but Wnt7a increased the neurite length beyond that of the control. Wnt5a also restored the length of neurites relative to Wnt concentrations. Conclusions: Results indicated that Wnt ligands, added exogenously, restored dendritic arbor complexity in embryonic hippocampal neurons, previously treated with a high affinity specific Porcupine inhibitor. We proposed that PORCN is an emerging molecular target of interest in the search for preclinical options to study and treat Wnt-related diseases.
Rapid Cycle Implementation and Retrospective Evaluation of a SARS-CoV-2 Checklist in Labor and Delivery
Authors: Zucco Liana , Levy Nadav , Li Yunping , Golen Toni , Shainker Scott A , Hess Philip E , Ramachandran Satya Krishna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Preparedness efforts for a COVID-19 outbreak required redesign and implementation of a perioperative workflow for the management of obstetric patients. In this report we describe factors which influenced rapid cycle implementation a novel comprehensive perioperative checklist for care of the COVID-19 parturient.Methods: Implementation of a novel workflow for the COVID-19 parturient requiring perioperative care was accomplished through rapid cycling, debriefing and on-site walkthroughs. Post-implementation, consistent use of the workflow was reported for all obstetric COVID-19 perioperative cases (100% workflow checklist utilization). Retrospective analysis of the factors influencing implementation was performed using a group deliberation approach, mapped against the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Results: Analysis of factors influencing implementation using CFIR revealed domains of process implementation and innovation characteristics as overwhelming facilitators for success. Constructs within the outer setting, inner setting, and characteristic of individuals (external pressures, baseline culture, and personal attributes) were perceived to act as early barriers. Constructs such as communication culture and learning climate, shifted in influence over time.Conclusion: We describe the influential factors of implementing a novel comprehensive obstetric workflow for care of the COVID-19 perioperative parturient during the first surge of the pandemic using the CFIR framework. Early workflow adoption was facilitated primarily by two domains, namely thoughtful innovation design and careful implementation planning in the setting of a long-standing culture of improvement. Factors initially assessed as barriers such as communication, culture and learning climate, transitioned into facilitators once a perceived benefit was experienced by healthcare teams. These results provide important information for the implementation of rapid change during a time of crisis.
Development of Real World Learning Opportunities in Community Exercise Prescription for Healthcare Professional Programmes - ‘Physio Hub’
Authors: Cunningham Caitriona Gabrielle , Blake Catherine , Donoghue Grainne O , Purcell Ciaran , Persson Ulrik Mc Carthy , Craddock Karen , Mahon Sinead Mc 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Given the challenge of chronic lifestyle diseases, the shift in healthcare focus to primary care and recognised importance of a preventive approach to health, including exercise prescription, the embedding of related learning in healthcare professional programmes is critical. Methods In response to these contemporary demands, a complex curriculum development project was undertaken at University College Dublin, employing a four dimensional curriculum framework for the development of health professional curricula that focused on (1) future orientation of healthcare practices (the why?), (2) defining capabilities of graduates (the what?), (3) teaching, learning and assessment (the how?) and (4) organisation/institution delivery (the where)? The process was informed by exercise, health promotion, educational and health policy literature, alongside engagement with multiple internal university and external community stakeholders. Results Having sufficient clinical education opportunity for translating exercise theory into practice was identified as a key need (the Why?). Development of strategies for health promotion and design and delivery of evidence based exercise programmes with inter-professional and inter-sectoral network building were some of the graduate capabilities identified as being critically important. (the what?) The resultant UCD Physio Hub model of clinical education combines ‘on campus’ and ‘community outreach’ activity to facilitate inter-sectoral ‘real world’ experiential student learning in health promotion and exercise prescription for both healthy and clinical populations. Underpinned by social constructivist educational theory, students are encouraged to be creative and to collaborate in responding to identified health needs of specific community groups by designing and delivering community services. (the how?) In developing new student learning opportunities to enhance curriculum, a supportive organisational culture and context was critical with UCD having excellent exercise infrastructure and the Physio Hub project aligning with a community engagement ethos articulated in the university’s strategy. (the where?) Conclusion This paper provides an overview of Physio Hub, its services, educational practices and translational research ethos, all of which are combined to deliver a rich exercise and health promotion learning experience. Although developed for physiotherapy, the curriculum process and resultant education model could be integrated wholly or in part across medical and other healthcare professional programmes and to facilitate interdisciplinary learning.
Risk factors and comorbidities associated with magnesium deficiency in pregnant women and women with hormone-related conditions: Analysis of a large real-world dataset
Authors: Orlova Svetlana , Dikke Galina , Pickering Gisele , Yaltseva Natalya , Konchits Sofya , Starostin Kirill , Bevz Alina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAn accumulating body of literature indicates that magnesium deficiency is associated with a number of hormone-related conditions (HRC) in women, and epidemiological studies are needed to assess its prevalence and risk factors. Here, we present a secondary analysis of data pooled from four large observational studies that assessed magnesium deficiency among pregnant women and women with HRC across the Russian Federation.MethodsThe main objective of this analysis was to estimate the prevalence of magnesium deficiency in this population and to describe risk factors and comorbidities associated with low serum magnesium. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors and comorbid conditions associated with an increased risk of low serum magnesium level.ResultsA total of 983 pregnant women and 9444 women with HRC were eligible for analysis. Prevalence of hypomagnesemia (magnesium serum level cut-off <0.66 mmol/L/<0.8 mmol/L) was 34.0%/78.9% in pregnant women and 21.4%/54.8% in women with HRC. The highest prevalence of magnesium deficiency was observed for osteoporosis and climacteric syndrome. Risk factors included diastolic blood pressure, previous pregnancy complications, infections and edema for pregnant women, and age, body mass index, and various comorbidities for women with HRC.ConclusionsThese results confirm the high prevalence of hypomagnesemia in pregnant women and women with HRC and underline the importance of routine screening, since risk factors are mostly non-specific.
WITHDRAWN: Knowledge, Preventive Practices, and Depression Among Chinese University Students in Korea and China During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Cross-sectional Study
Authors: ‍ZHAO BO , Kong Fanlei , Nam Eun Woo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: To investigate the knowledge, preventive practices, and depression of Chinese university students living in South Korea (International Group) and Mainland China (Mainland Group) regarding the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and explore the determinants of depression among these students. Methods: An online cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted both in China and South Korea from March 23 to April 12, 2020. The online questionnaire included questions on knowledge and preventive practices related to COVID-19, and PHQ-9 which was used to diagnose depression in target groups. A total of 420 Chinese university students were finally included in the study (171 students from South Korea and 249 students from mainland China). Results: Majority of these students had a good level of knowledge of COVID-19. The International Group performed better than the Mainland Group regarding preventive practices; however, the percentage of students with moderate-to-severe depression was higher among the International Group. More severe depression was related to high levels of concern about family members, about getting COVID-19, and suspecting themselves of having come into contact with patients. Meanwhile, taking preventive behaviors more comprehensively decreased the depression state of both the groups. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the depression status of students of the International Group was significantly more severe than that of the Mainland Group (χ2 = 5.50, p < 0.05). The level of depression among students in both the groups was affected by their concern regarding their family members, getting COVID-19, and whether they suspected themselves of having come into contact with patients. Therefore, psychological counseling and education programs are necessary in order to support and improve the mental health of International Group students.
Anticonvulsant use and bone health in a population-based study of men and women: cross-sectional data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.
Authors: Chandrasekaran Vinoomika , Pasco Julie A , Stuart Amanda L , Brennan-Olsen Sharon L , Berk Michael , Hodge Jason M , Samarasinghe Rasika M , Williams Lana J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Anticonvulsant use has been linked to bone deficits in specific patient populations. We studied the association between anticonvulsant use and bone health in a population-based sample of men and women.Methods: Data from 926 men (24-73yr) and 1070 women (21-94yr) participating in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study were included. Bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) of the PA-spine and total hip was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar). Bone quality was determined using quantitative heel ultrasound (QUS). Anthropometry was conducted and socioeconomic status was determined. Medication and lifestyle information was obtained via questionnaire. Linear regression was used to test associations between anticonvulsant use and bone health before and after adjustment for potential confounders. Results: Seventeen (1.8%) men and 20 (1.9%) women reported anticonvulsant use. In men, anticonvulsant users had 9.1% lower adjusted mean BMD at the spine and hip compared to non-users. Body mass index was an effect modifier at the spine. Anticonvulsant users also had 1.8% lower speed of sound (SOS), 10.6% lower broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and 13.7% lower stiffness index (SI) compared to non-users. In women, BMD tended to be lower at the hip compared to non-users as with the bone quality measure, BUA. No significant associations were observed at the spine or the other bone quality measures, SOS and SI. Conclusion: Our data suggest that bone quantity and quality, assessed using BMD and QUS, are lower for men and possibly women who use anticonvulsants. While further exploration into potential mechanisms is needed, our findings suggest that monitoring bone health among users of anticonvulsants is warranted.
Nurses’ and midwives’ perspectives on participation in national policy development, review and reforms in Ghana: A qualitative study
Authors: Acheampong Angela Kwartemaa , Ohene Lillian Akorfa , Asante Isabella Naana Akyaa , Kyei Josephine , Dzansi Gladys , Adjei Charles Ampong , Adjorlolo Samuel , Boateng Francis , Woolley Philomena , Nyante Felix , Aziato Lydia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization has admonished member countries to strive towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC) through actionable health policies and strategies. Nurses and midwives have instrumental roles in achieving UHC via health policy development and implementation. However, there is a paucity of empirical data on nurses and midwives’ participation in policy development in Ghana. The current study explored nurses and midwives’ participation in policy development, reviews and reforms in Ghana.Methods: A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was adopted for this study. One-on-one individual interviews were conducted after 30 participants were purposefully selected. Data was audiotaped with permission, transcribed and analyzed inductively using the content analysis procedures. Results: Two main themes emerged from the data: participation in policy development and perspectives on policy reviews and reforms. The findings showed that during health policy development and reviews, nurses in Ghana were overlooked and unacknowledged. Policy reforms regarding bridging the pre-service preparation gap, staff development and motivation mechanisms and influence on admission into nursing schools were raisedConclusion: The authors concluded that nurses and midwives are crucial members of the healthcare systems and their inputs in policy development and reviews would improve health delivery in Ghana.
Sleep/wake rhythm and its association with lifestyle, health-related quality of life and academic performance among Japanese nursing students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kayaba Momoko , Matsushita Toshiko , Katayama Noriko , Inoue Yuichi , Sasai-Sakuma Taeko 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Young adults are likely to have activities and go to bed late at night due to their age-dependent delayed endogenous circadian clock. The purpose of the present study was to clarify sleep/wake rhythm and its association with lifestyle, health-related quality of life, and academic performance among nursing students.Methods: Self-reported questionnaires were distributed to undergraduate nursing students at six universities in Japan. Sleep/wake rhythm was assessed using the morningness-eveningness questionnaire. A quantitative design using the generalized linear mixed effect model was utilized to identify the factors related to the evening type among female nursing students (n=447). Results: About 18% of the participants were identified as the evening type. Evening type was associated with living alone, part-time job, and club activity. Sleep duration on weekdays was shorter, meal time duration was the shortest, and the percentages of students who skipped meals and those who gained body weight were higher in the evening type than in the morning type and intermediate type. Mental health-related quality of life was lower in the intermediate type and evening type than in the morning type, while there was no difference in physical health-related quality of life among these groups. The percentages of the nursing students who have experienced absence, tardiness, falling asleep during class, and/or interference with academic achievement were higher in the evening type than in other groups.Conclusions: The present study has important implications for nursing students’ biological characteristics and lifestyle, which are associated with their health-related quality of life and academic performance.
Systematic review and subgroup analysis of the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Xu Zhenjian , Tang Ying , Huang Qiuyan , Fu Sha , Li Xiaomei , Lin Baojuan , Xu Anping , Chen Junzhe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs among patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and has also been indicated to be associated with in-hospital mortality. Remdesivir has been authorized for the treatment of COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the incidence of AKI in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The incidence of AKI in different subgroups was also investigated.Methods: A thorough search was performed to find relevant studies in PubMed, Web of Science, medRxiv and EMBASE from 1 Jan 2020 until 1 June 2020. The systematic review was performed using the meta package in R (4.0.1).Results: A total of 16199 COVID-19 patients were included in our systematic review. The pooled estimated incidence of AKI in all hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 10.0% (95% CI: 7.0-12.0%). The pooled estimated proportion of COVID-19 patients who needed continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was 4% (95% CI: 3-6%). According to our subgroup analysis, the incidence of AKI could be associated with age, disease severity and ethnicity. The incidence of AKI in hospitalized COVID-19 patients being treated with remdesivir was 7% (95% CI: 3-13%) in a total of 5 studies. Conclusion: We found that AKI was not rare in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The incidence of AKI could be associated with age, disease severity and ethnicity. Remdesivir probably did not induce AKI in COVID-19 patients. Our systematic review provides evidence that AKI might be closely associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, which should be investigated in future studies.
Gravity determines the direction of nerve roots sedimentation in the lumbar spinal canal
Authors: Yang Jun , Feng Zhiyun , Chen Nian , Hong Zhenhua , Zheng Yongyu , Yang Jiang , Zhou Tingjie , Yao Xin , Xu Taifeng , Zhang Linting 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the role of gravity in the sedimentation of lumbar spine nerve roots using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of various body positions. Methods: A total of 56 patients, who suffered from back pain and underwent conventional supine lumbar spine MR imaging, were selected from sanmen hospital database. All the patients were called back to our hospital to perform MR imaging in prone position or lateral position. Furthermore, the sedimentation sign (SedSign) was determined based on the suspension of the nerve roots in the dural sac on cross-sectional MR images, and 31 cases were rated as positive and another 25 cases were negative. Results: The mean age of negative SedSign group was significantly younger than that of positive SedSign group (51.7±8.7 vs 68.4±10.5, P<0.05). The constitutions of clinical diagnosis were significantly different between patients with a positive SedSign and those with a negative SedSign (P<0.001). Overall, nerve roots of the vast majority of patients (48/56, 85.7%) subsided to the ventral side of the dural sac on the prone MR images, although that of 8 (14.3%) patients remain stay in the dorsal side of dural sac. Nerve roots of only one patient with negative SedSign did not settle to the ventral dural sac, while this phenomenon occurred in 7 patients in positive SedSign group (4% vs 22.6%, P<0.001). In addition, the nerve roots of all the five patients subsided to the left side of dural sac on lateral position MR images. Conclusions: The nerve roots sedimentation followed the direction of gravity. Positive SedSign may be a MR sign of lumbar pathology involved the spinal canal.
Knowledge, Attitude, And Perception of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialty Amongst Healthcare Professionals, and the General Public from a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Country
Authors: Kamal Mohammad , Abdulwahab Mohammad , Al-Zaid Ahmed 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty has grown rapidly in Kuwait in recent years. However, the general public and healthcare professionals remain unaware of its expanding scope of practice. The aim of the study is to assess public and professional (dental and medical) perception of the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty in Kuwait.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study evaluating responses of dental professionals, medical professionals, and general public in Kuwait toward the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty using a previously validated survey instrument with 100 participants in each group. Participants were asked to choose the most appropriate specialist to treat certain procedures across 4 disciplines: reconstruction, trauma, pathology, and cosmetic. Statistical comparison was conducted between dentists and medical doctors using Fisher’s exact test with a p-value of < 0.05. Results: Disparities were noted each group’s responses. Oral and maxillofacial surgery was preferred overall for most clinical scenarios in trauma (p < 0.001), pathology (p < 0.001), and reconstructive surgery (p < 0.001). Plastic surgery was preferred for cosmetic surgeries (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study indicates the need to increase awareness especially towards cosmetic surgery procedures, and conduct health campaigns regarding oral and maxillofacial surgery among healthcare professionals, especially medical doctors, and the general public.