bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distracted Driving and Driving Patterns in Older Drivers With Glaucoma
Authors: Jain Purva , Unkart Jonathan T. , Daga Fabio B. , Hill Linda 
Published: September 2021

Limited research exists examining self-perceived vision and driving ability among individuals with glaucoma, and this study assessed the relationship between glaucoma, visual field, and visual acuity with driving capability. 137 individuals with glaucoma and 75 healthy controls were asked to evaluate self-rated vision, self-perceived driving ability, and self-perceived distracted driving. Visual acuity and visual field measurements were also obtained. Multivariable linear regressions were run to test each visual measure with driving outcomes. The average age was 72.2 years, 57.3% were male, and 72.5% were White. There were significant associations for a one-point increase in visual field and quality of corrected vision (RR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.03–1.10), day vision (RR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.03–1.08), night vision (RR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.05–1.13), visual acuity score and higher quality of corrected of vision (RR = .41; 95% CI = .22-.77), day vision (RR = .39; 95% CI=.22–.71), and night vision (RR = .41; 95% CI = .18–.94); visual acuity score and ability to drive safely compared to other drivers your age (RR = .53; 95% CI = .29–.96). Individuals with poorer visual acuity and visual fields rate their vision and ability to drive lower than those with better vision, and this information will allow clinicians to understand where to target interventions to enhance safe driving practices.
Serum epithelial membrane protein 1 serves as a feasible biomarker in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Li Xiang , Yan Lang , Xue Hao 
Published: September 2021

Background Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a malignancy that originates from bile duct epithelium with an unfavorable prognosis. Epithelial membrane protein 1 was first discovered in 1995, functioning as an oncogene or anti-tumor gene in various cancers. However, the clinical role of epithelial membrane protein 1 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma remained unclear. Methods Differentially expressed genes were identified using Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia and Genomes pathway analysis. Out of 183 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients and 61 healthy controls, the expression level of epithelial membrane protein 1 was detected and compared using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blot assay. Meanwhile, the diagnosis and prognosis of EMP1 in ECCA were measured by receiver operating characteristic and Kaplan–Meier analysis. Finally, the relationship between epithelial membrane protein 1 expression and clinicopathological indexes were compared to further verify the clinical role of epithelial membrane protein 1 in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Results After analyzing data from GSE76297, GSE89749, and GSE26566GO, we found 1554 down-regulated and 1065 up-regulated genes. Through Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia and Genomes analysis, extracellular matrix organization, extracellular structure organization, cholesterol metabolism, interleukin-17 signaling pathway, and vitamin digestion and absorption were significantly enriched and involved in targeted differentially expresses genes. Epithelial membrane protein 1 messenger ribonucleic acid was notably decreased in serum samples from extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients, compared with that in healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the area under the curve of epithelial membrane protein 1 messenger ribonucleic acid for the diagnosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was 0.9281 (95% CI = 0.8967–0.9595). Moreover, the correlation analysis presented that epithelial membrane protein 1 expression was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis, tumour node metastasis stage, cancer antigen 19-9 level, and carcinoembryonic antigen level. Conclusion Aberrant expression of epithelial membrane protein 1 contributed to distinguishing extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients and healthy controls, and a low expression level of epithelial membrane protein 1 indicated an unfavorable prognosis. Hence, epithelial membrane protein 1 was a feasible and credible biomarker for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis and prognosis, with high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
The relationship between the perception of chronic disease care and health-related quality of life in adults with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Akca Nesrin , Saygili Meltem , Ture Aysun Kandemir 
Published: September 2021

Objectives In this study, it was aimed to determine the chronic disease care assessments and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) levels in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis and to reveal the relationship between chronic disease care assessment and HRQoL. Methods A single-center cross-sectional design has been used. Data were collected from 105 adults with CKD, who undergoing hemodialysis. Patient Evaluation Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) scale and Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form-36 (KDQOL-36) were used to obtain data. Results The mean scale scores of PACIC were low (2.66 ± 0.891). Although participants achieved high HRQoL scores on the symptoms subdimension of the KDQoL-36 scale, they got low scores on the subdimensions of mental health, physical health, and burden of disease. Participants' HRQoL is affected significantly by gender, age, educational level, working status, income, and presence of comorbidity (especially diabetes), diagnosis time of CKD, and hemodialysis time at the hospital ( p < 0.05). A positive and statistically significant relationship was found between PACIC and subdimensions of KDQoL-36 ( p < 0.05). Discussion The results can be a guide for improving the quality of chronic disease care in healthcare institutions. To improve this, patients' evaluations on this issue should be taken into account.
Using the patient activation measure to examine the self-management support needs of a population of UK workers with long-term health conditions
Authors: Hemming Sally , Munir Fehmidah 
Published: September 2021

Objectives To examine differences in patient activation and self-management support needs in a population of UK workers with long-term health conditions. Methods Demographic, health and activation information were taken from the data of participants with long-term conditions, collected via an online cross-sectional survey of workers. The 13-item British patient activation measure measured workers knowledge, skills and confidence towards self-managing. Results Three hundred and seven workers with mental health, musculoskeletal and other conditions completed the patient activation measure. Mental health conditions were most prevalent (36.8%). Workers were higher activated, however workers with mental health conditions were significantly less activated ( p = 0.006). Differences in activation by condition severity and age were revealed. Discussion This study provides insight to the activation of UK workers with long-term conditions. Whilst workers with mental health conditions need more training and education to self-manage, workers are variably activated indicating broader support needs. There is a gap for workplace self-management support. The patient activation measure is used in healthcare to improve people’s self-management and should be considered to be included in the workplace, and could form part of interventions to support workers self-management. More rigorous studies, including the patient activation measure, are needed to identify the best approaches to identifying workers self-management support needs.
Reclassifications of ischemic stroke patterns due to variants of the Circle of Willis
Authors: Rangus Ida , Milles Lennart S , Galinovic Ivana , Villringer Kersten , Audebert Heinrich J , Fiebach Jochen B , Nolte Christian H , Hebun Erdur  
Published: September 2021

Background Variants of the Circle of Willis (vCoW) may impede correct identification of ischemic lesion patterns and stroke etiology. We assessed reclassifications of ischemic lesion patterns due to vCoW. Methods We analyzed vCoW in patients with acute ischemic stroke from the 1000+ study using time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF MRA) of intracranial arteries. We assessed A1 segment agenesis or hypoplasia in the anterior circulation and fetal posterior cerebral artery in the posterior circulation. Stroke patterns were classified as one or more-than-one territory stroke pattern. We examined associations between vCoW and stroke patterns and the frequency of reclassifications of stroke patterns due to vCoW. Results Of 1000 patients, 991 had evaluable magnetic resonance angiography. At least one vCoW was present in 37.1%. VCoW were more common in the posterior than in the anterior circulation (33.3% vs. 6.7%). Of 238 patients initially thought to have a more-than-one territory stroke pattern, 20 (8.4%) had to be reclassified to a one territory stroke pattern after considering vCoW. All these patients had fetal posterior cerebral artery and six (30%) additionally had carotid artery disease. Of 753 patients initially presumed to have a one-territory stroke pattern, four (0.5%) were reclassified as having more-than-one territory pattern. Conclusions VCoW are present in about one in three stroke patients and more common in the posterior circulation. Reclassifications of stroke lesion patterns due to vCoW occurred predominantly in the posterior circulation with fetal posterior cerebral artery mimicking multiple territory stroke pattern. Considering vCoW in these cases may uncover symptomatic carotid disease.
SWIFT DIRECT: Solitaire™ With the Intention For Thrombectomy Plus Intravenous t-PA Versus DIRECT Solitaire™ Stent-retriever Thrombectomy in Acute Anterior Circulation Stroke: Methodology of a randomized, controlled, multicentre study
Authors: Fischer Urs , Kaesmacher Johannes , S Plattner Patricia , Bütikofer Lukas , Mordasini Pasquale , Deppeler Sandro , Cognard Christoph , Pereira Vitor M , Siddiqui Adnan H , Froehler Michael T , Furlan Anthony J , Chapot René , Strbian Daniel , Wiesmann Martin , Bressan Jenny , Lerch Stefanie , Liebeskind David S , Saver Jeffery L , Gralla Jan ,   on behalf of the SWIFT DIRECT study investigators
Published: September 2021

Rationale Whether treatment with intravenous alteplase prior to mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion is beneficial remains unclear. Aim To determine whether patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid artery or the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery who are referred to an endovascular stroke center and who are candidates for intravenous alteplase will have non-inferior functional outcome at 90 days when treated with MT alone (direct MT) with stent retrievers compared to patients treated with combined intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) with alteplase plus MT (IVT + MT) with stent retrievers. Sample size To randomize 404 patients 1:1 to direct MT or combined IVT+MT. Methods and design A multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint (PROBE) trial utilizing an adaptive statistical design. Outcomes The primary efficacy endpoint is functional independence (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) at 90 days. Secondary clinical efficacy outcomes include change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score from baseline to day 1 and health-related quality of life at 90 days. Secondary technical efficacy outcomes include successful reperfusion prior to start of MT and time from randomization to successful reperfusion. Safety outcomes include all serious adverse events, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality up to 90 days. Discussion SWIFT DIRECT will inform physicians whether direct MT in acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion is equally or more efficacious than combined treatment with intravenous alteplase and MT. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03192332
Weakly supervised multitask learning models to identify symptom onset time of unclear-onset intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Jianbo Chang , Hanqi Pei , Yihao Chen , Cheng Jiang , Hong Shang , Yuxiang Wang , Xiaoning Wang , Zeju Ye , Xingong Wang , Fengxuan Tian , Jianjun Chai , Jijun Xu , Zhaojian Li , Wenbin Ma , Junji Wei , Yao Jianhua , Ming Feng , Renzhi Wang 
Published: September 2021

Background Approximately one-third of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patients did not know the onset time and were excluded from studies about time-dependent treatments for hyperacute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Aims To help clinicians explore the benefit of time-dependent treatments for unclear-onset patients, we presented artificial intelligence models to identify onset time using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) based on weakly supervised multitask learning (WS-MTL) structure. Methods The patients with reliable symptom onset time (strong label) or repeat CT (weak label) were included and split into training set and test set (internal and external). The WS-MTL structure utilized strong and weak labels simultaneously to improve performance. The models included three binary classification models for classifying whether NCCT acquired within 6, 8 or 12 h for different treatments measured by area under curve, and a regression model for determining the exact onset time measured by mean absolute error. The generalizability of models was also explored in comprehensive analysis. Results A total of 4004 patients with 10,780 NCCT scans were included. The performance of WS-MTL classification model showed high accuracy, and that of regression model was satisfactory in ≤6 h subgroup. In comprehensive analysis, the WS-MTL showed better performance for larger hematomas and thinner scans. And the performance improved effectively as training amounts increasing and could be improved steadily through retraining. Conclusions The WS-MTL models showed good performance and generalizability. Considering the large number of unclear-onset spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patients, it may be worth to integrate the WS-MTL model into clinical practice to identify the onset time.
COVID-Care – a safe and successful digital self-assessment tool for outpatients with proven and suspected coronavirus-2019
Authors: Drewett George P , Holmes Natasha E , Trubiano Jason A , Vogrin Sara , Feldman Jeff , Rose Morgan 
Published: September 2021

Introduction The coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and restrictions placed on movement to prevent its transmission have led to a surge in demand for remote medical care. We investigated whether COVID-Care, a patient-reported, telehealth, symptom monitoring system, was successful at delivering safe monitoring and care for these patients leading to decreased hospital presentations. Methods We performed a single centre, prospective, interventional cohort study with symptomatic outpatients who presented for COVID-19 screening at Austin Health, Australia. Participants were invited to take part in the COVID-Care programme, entering common COVID-19 symptoms on a purpose-built, online survey monitored by infectious diseases physicians, and matched with clinical data including date of symptom onset, hospital admission, and screening clinic presentations. Results 42,158 COVID-19 swabs were performed in 31,626 patients from March to October 2020, with 414 positive cases. 20,768 people used the COVID-Care survey at least once. COVID-Care users were significantly younger than non-users. Of the 414 positive cases, 254 (61.3%) used COVID-Care, with 160 (38.6%) non-users. Excluding presentations on the same day or prior to the COVID-19 swab, of the positive cases there were 56 hospital presentations. 4.3% (11) of COVID-Care users and 28.1% (45) non-users were admitted to hospital or the emergency department ( p < 0.001), with 3.9% (10) versus 22.5% (36) requiring inpatient admission ( p < 0.001). There were no deaths in COVID-Care users versus 2 deaths in non-users. Conclusion COVID-Care, a digitally integrated, outpatient, symptom tracking and telemedical service for patients with COVID-19, was safe and successful at reducing hospital and emergency department admissions, suggesting a strong role for telemedicine for future healthcare delivery in this logistically challenging setting.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Tests for Subscapularis Tears: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lädermann Alexandre , Collin Philippe , Zbinden Olivia , Meynard Timon , Saffarini Mo , Chiu Joe Chih-Hao 
Published: September 2021

Background: Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the diagnostic accuracy of shoulder clinical tests do not reach conclusions regarding subscapularis tears. Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of commonly used clinical tests for subscapularis tears. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted using Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library/Central. Eligibility criteria were original clinical studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests to diagnose the presence of rotator cuff tears involving the subscapularis. Results: The electronic literature search returned 2212 records, of which 13 articles were eligible. Among 8 tests included in the systematic review, the lift-off test was most frequently reported (12 studies). Four tests were eligible for meta-analysis: bear-hug test, belly-press test, internal rotation lag sign (IRLS), and lift-off test. The highest pooled sensitivity was 0.55 (95% CI, 0.28-0.79) for the bear-hug test, while the lowest pooled sensitivity was 0.32 (95% CI, 0.13-0.61), for the IRLS. In all tests, pooled specificity was >0.90. Conclusion: Among the 4 clinical tests eligible for meta-analysis (bear-hug test, belly-press test, IRLS, and lift-off test), all had pooled specificity >0.90 but pooled sensitivity <0.60. No single clinical test is sufficiently reliable to diagnose subscapularis tears. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42019137019).
List of Theses in Foreign Missions and Related Subjects Accepted during the Academic Year 1958–1959
Authors: Person Laura 
Published: September 2021

The compiler expresses gratitude to the professors of missions and all other persons who through reports, or otherwise, have made the following compilation of theses possible, The theses reported are principally in the field of world missions and the eoumenical church, or are related to subjects of especial interest to students and scholars in missions, and were written during the years of 1958 and 1959. There are also included essays written in past years which seem to be of pertinent interest and which were not included in previous lists. Such titles have been designated by a star preceding the name of the author. The annotations which follow various titles have been written by the professors who reported them. Theses which concern rural or agricultural missions arc included in the general list and may be found as a group in the Index. The report includes papers from 61 theological schools and seminaries and from 15 universities. Except where indicated, inquiries concerning a title should not be addressed to the Missionary Research Library but to the school where a thesis has originated or, in certain specified oases, to University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan. An index to subjects will be found an page 12.
List of theses in Foreign Missions and Related Subjects Accepted during the Academic Year 1960–1961
Authors: Person Laura 
Published: September 2021

The compilar expresses gratitude to the professors of missions and all other persons who through roperts, or otherwise, have made the following compilation of theses possible. The theses reported ore principally in the field of world missions and the ecumenical church, or are related,’ to subjects of espacial interest to students and scholars in missions, and were written during the years 1960 and 1961. The annotations which follow some of the titles have been written by the professors who reported them. As a matter of policy, B.D. and M.R.E. theses are no longer included. The report includes papers from 18 theological schools and seminaries and from 10 universities and colleges. Inquiries concerning a title should not be addressed to the Missionary Research Library but to the school where a thesis has originated. An index to subjects will be found on page 8.
D. T. Niles - in Appreciation
Authors: Thomas Winburn T. 
Published: September 2021

Author's Note Ceylonese world-churchman D. T. Niles died in Vellore, India on July 17, 1970. Following an operation and radiation therapy for cancer of the face, the malignancy cleared. The immediate cause of his passing was a post-operative blood-clot. When, a week following Dr. Niles’ death, I was asked to prepare this article, I accepted only because lest by our silence, we, his friends, fail to note our appreciation for having known and worked with one of Christ's giants of this or any age. A definitive biographical article should be written. I make no pretension to having written it. The pressures of the time allowed me, at the same time I was making preparations for a month's fact-finding trip to Indo-China, forced me to draw heavily upon my recollections of D. T. as friend and colleague, as having him a guest in my house and being a guest in his home, as co-staff members at various regional and international ecumenical conferences. Each of his friends could have written of him in equally laudatory terms, but quite differently. So gifted was he in the work of Christ's Kingdom, he touched each life in a particular way, according to the needs of the person involved. To write objectively with tears in one's spirit is a difficult assignment.
Economic Activities in Support of Early Protestant Missions
Authors: Danker William J. 
Published: September 2021

Martin Luther's ideal in missions called for their execution by the ordinary Christian witnessing individually in his calling and offering his life to Christ in serving the world under the rubric of the universal priesthood of all believers. However, inhabitants of inland Germany were not in the best geographical position to participate in early voyages of discovery, commerce and conquest. And on some rare occasions when they had the opportunity to play a major role Luther's hope that the individual Christian would be a witness for the love and mercy of Christ was apparently loomed to disappointment.