bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteriemias por Campylobacter spp en niños
Authors: Padilla Maria Emilia , Rosanova Maria Teresa , Garcia Maria Eva , Trugman Maria Fernanda , Franceschi Yemina , Highton Esmeralda , Reijtman Vanesa , Sarkis Claudia 
Published: February 2025

Campylobacter spp es una causa habitual de gastroenteritis en niños. La bacteriemia representa < 1% del total de infecciones y ocurre en pacientes inmunocomprometidos y en edades extremas. Objetivo: describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y microbiológicas de los niños con bacteriemia por Campylobacter spp. Pacientes y Método: Estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluyó pacientes de 0 a 16 años que cursaron una internación entre enero de 2015 y febrero de 2022, por una infección bacteriémica con al menos un hemocultivo con aislamiento de Campylobacter spp. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, enfermedad de base, síntomas, sitio de adquisición de la infección, foco clínico de infección, presencia de neutropenia e hipogamaglobulinemia, tipificación y sensibilidad del microorganismo aislado, aislamiento en otros sitios, tratamiento inicial y definitivo, complicaciones y evolución. La identificación bacteriana se realizó por espectrometría de masas y la sensibilidad se determinó mediante el método de difusión con discos en agar. Resultados: Se incluyeron 30 pacientes, mediana de edad 54 meses (RIC 23-100 meses). El 86,6% presentó alguna patología de base y el 70% presentó compromiso de su inmunidad. El principal foco clínico fue el gastrointestinal (70%). Las especies identificadas fueron C. jejuni (n = 24, 77,4%), C. upsalensis (n = 3, 10%), C. coli (n = 2, 6,6%) y C. ureolyticus (n = 1, 3,3%). Se determinó la sensibilidad a meropenem en 27 aislamientos que resultaron sensibles en un 100%. La susceptibilidad a ciprofloxacina y eritromicina fue de 15% y 91%, respectivamente. Un paciente falleció en relación a la infección (3%). Conclusión: La bacteriemia por Campylobacter es más frecuente en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. C. jejuni fue la especie más frecuentemente aislada. La sensibilidad a carbapenemes fue del 100%. La mortalidad fue baja en la serie estudiada.
Efektivitas Waktu Perebusan Daun Pecut Kuda (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L.) terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Terbuka pada Punggung Mencit (Mus musculus) Dalam Upaya Pembuatan Brosur Kesehatan
Authors: Hadijah Nurul 
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui waktu perebusan daun pecut kuda (Stachytarpheta jamaicenses) terhadap penyembuhan luka terbuka pada mencit (Mus musculus) dalam upaya pembuatan brosur kesehatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis statistik menggunakan aplikasi SPSS One Way Anova. Adapun cara membuat rebusan daun pecut kuda dengan cara daun dibersihkan dengan air mengalir; memotong daun menjadi kecil; mengeringkan daun dengan cara di angin-anginkan; daun yang telah kering diblender hingga halus; selanjutnya daun disaring hingga mendapatkan serbuk halus; setelah itu daun direbus dengan perbandingan 1:5 (50 gram simplisia daun pecut kuda dengan 250 ml aquades). Mencit yang digunakan adalah mencit jantan dengan umur 2 bulan dan berat kisaran 21-25 gram. Adapaun perlakuan yang digunakan adalah rebusan 0 menit (P1), 2 menit (P2), 4 menit (P3), 6 menit (P4) dan 8 menit (P5), sementara Kontrol Positif diberikan providone iodine dan kontrol negatif hanya dengan pemberian aquades. Luka kering tercepat pada kelompok P1 dengan lama waktu 4 hari, disusul dengan P2, P3, P4 dan P5 pada hari ke-5. Pada K+ luka mencit kering pada hari ke-7, K- luka kering hari ke-9. Dari hasil uji Post-Hoc perlakuan P1 merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan nilai Duncan dihari ke-12 adalah 19.75, hal ini diduga karena terdapat senyawa bioaktif pada daun pecut kuda yang dapat menyembuhkan luka seperti flavonoid, saponin, tannin dan steriod.
Comparison of the application of polysaccharide-based barrier coatings on paper using film press and spray coating
Authors: MAYRHOFER ANNA , MANDLEZ DANIEL , BAUER WOLFGANG 
Published: February 2025

The growing demand for sustainable packaging has spurred research into biopolymer-based solutions and their application to paper substrates. This study compares the application of low solids, high viscous aqueous solutions of alginate and chitosan on two different paper substrates using a laboratory film press coater and a purpose-built spray coating unit, with a focus on barrier performance and practical industry considerations. Key parameters investigated are air flow rate, water vapor transmission rate, and grease resistance.
Results showed that due to the low solids content of the applied biopolymer solutions, film press coating required a double-layer application for coat weights exceeding 4 g/m², making it less viable for industrial application. In contrast, spray coating allowed for higher application weights in a single step. The barrier properties of spray coated samples, compared to film press coatings, varied with the paper substrate: spray coating performed better on one substrate and worse on the other. Contact angle measurement of the substrates suggested that spray coating is more suitable for a more hydrophilic substrate because of improved surface wetting. The study also identified issues with drying conditions and pinholes affecting the quality of spray coated samples, indicating a need for further research to optimize these parameters.
Credit Risk Prediction Model Using Support Vector Machine with Parameter Optimization in Banks
Authors: Martono Aris , Padeli Padeli , Suhaepi Muhamad Iip , Santoso Sugeng , Sunandar Endang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This research aims to determine the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model with Parameter Optimization in predicting loan worthiness to avoid the risk of bad credit at the Bank. Every bank tries to market financial loan products with very strict requirements. One of the requirements is that the company's financial reports must be healthy if it borrows money from a bank to develop the company's business. In the credit analysis process, there are 19 financial factors that must be measured from dozens or even hundreds of companies proposing financial loans, making it difficult for credit analysts to make decisions about whether these companies are worthy of borrowing or not. Therefore, this research was carried out by comparing the two models, namely SVM with parameter optimization and SVM with parameter optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to select the best model. The research results show that the Area Under Curve (AUC) criteria with validation number of folds (nof) = 10 and nof = 5 are 98.80% and 98.80%, meaning good and stable in the SVM model with parameter optimization. Meanwhile, the SVM model with parameter optimization and PSO has better AUC for validation nof=5 (99%) but for AUC with validation nof=10 (98.30%) it is less good.
Supplementation with selenium, iron, and vitamin E in calves under immunological challenge
Authors: Salles Márcia S. V. , Figueiroa Fábio J. F. , Bittar Carla M. M. , Gomes Viviani , Marques Raquel S. , da Silveira Julia A. G , Facury Filho Elias J. , de Freitas José Esler , Saran Netto Arlindo 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe management and nutrition of young calves are important for the production system due to their great impact on future milk production potential. This study was to evaluate the performance and health of calves in the suckling phase, with supplementation of selenium, iron, and vitamin E while undergoing immunological challenge with Anaplasma marginale.MethodsAn experiment was conducted on an experimental farm using 42 newborn Holstein male calves, aged up to 60 days, in a completely randomized design, and they were assigned to the following three treatments: C (control milk replacer, N = 14); SeVitE (milk replacer supplemented with 0.6 mg organic selenium/kg + 100 IU vitamin E, N = 14); SeVitEFe (milk replacer supplemented with 0.6 mg organic selenium/kg + 100 IU vitamin E + 200 mg Fe chelate/kg, N = 14).ResultsSelenium, iron, and vitamin E intakes were higher in supplemented animals. The mean blood count of Anaplasma marginale was lower in supplemented calves compared to controls and increased with time after inoculation. Increased serum selenium was observed in supplemented calves, without vitamin E and iron changes. Plasma lactate concentration was lower in supplemented animals and those with SeVitEFe had lower urea concentration at 60 days compared to control. Treatments did not influence hematological parameters, while some only changed with the age of animals. Plasma glutathione peroxidase concentrations were higher in supplemented animals, with the interaction between treatment and time, where higher concentrations were observed at 40 days of experiment for supplemented calves compared to control. Treatments did not influence the performance of animals. Animals with SeVitEFe showed a lower incidence of diarrhea in the first thirty days of the experiment.DiscussionSupplementation of selenium, iron, and vitamin E showed effectiveness in improving the animals’ oxidative metabolism, altering biochemical and hematological parameters, and reducing the pathogens of Anaplasma marginale, and the incidence of diarrhea, but did not enhance the animals’ performance.
YEATS2 promotes malignant phenotypes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via H3K27ac activated-IL6ST
Authors: Zhai Yuanfang , Zhang Fanyu , Shi Xiaoyu , Zou Siwei , Hu Xiaoling , Shan Chengyuan , Zhang Ling , Zou Binbin , Yang Xin , Kong Pengzhou , Cheng Xiaolong 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionHistone acetylation modifications can regulate gene transcription and play crucial roles in multiple tumorigeneses processes. YEATS domain proteins are one important type of acetylation readers. We have found significant mutations and copy number amplifications of YEATS domain containing 2 (YEATS2) gene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) through whole genome sequencing (WGS). However, the function and molecular mechanism of YEATS2 in ESCC remain elusive.MethodsChi-squared test and Kaplan-Meier methods were used to analyze the clinical significance of YEATS2. MTT, Colony Formation Assay, Transwell, Scratch Wound Healing, subcutaneous tumorigenesis model and lung metastatic tumor model were performed to detect YEATS2 effect on the proliferation and migration ability of ESCC cells in vivo and in vitro Co-IP-based mass spectrum (MS) assays and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were performed to explore the molecular mechanism of YEATS2 function in ESCC.ResultsESCC patients with copy number amplification of YEATS2 had shorter postoperative survival. Furthermore, YEATS2 expression was positively correlated with copy number amplification. We have also found that YEATS2 expression was significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues and was correlated closely with the differentiation degree of ESCC cells. The results of in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that YEATS2 enhanced the abilities of ESCC cells to proliferate and migrate. Mechanistically, YEATS2 activated NF-κB signaling to promote ESCC progression. YEATS2 and H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) were both enriched in the promoter region of IL6ST, which is involved in the regulation of YEATS2 on NF-κB signaling. Additionally, YEATS2 could recruit TAF15 and KAT5 to enhance H3K27ac enrichment in the promoter region of IL6ST to regulate its expression.ConclusionIn conclusion, YEATS2 might function as a potential driver gene and a potential therapeutic target in ESCC.
A model for predicting bacteremia species based on host immune response
Authors: Simons Peter , Bondu Virginie , Shevy Laura , Young Stephen , Wandinger-Ness Angela , Bologa Cristian G. , Buranda Tione 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionClinicians encounter significant challenges in quickly and accurately identifying the bacterial species responsible for patient bacteremia and in selecting appropriate antibiotics for timely treatment. This study introduces a novel approach that combines immune response data from routine blood counts with assessments of immune cell activation, specifically through quantitative measurements of Rho family GTPase activity. The combined data were used to develop a machine-learning model capable of distinguishing specific classes of bacteria and their associations.MethodsWe aimed to determine whether different classes of bacteria elicit distinct patterns of host immune responses, as indicated by quantitative differences in leukocyte populations from routine complete blood counts with differential. Concurrently, we conducted quantitative measurements of activated Rac1 (Rac1•GTP) levels using a novel ‘G-Trap assay’ we developed. With the G-Trap, we measured Rac1•GTP in peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells from blood samples collected from 28 culture-positive patients and over 80 non-infected patients used as controls.ResultsOur findings indicated that 18 of the 28 patients with bacteremia showed an increase of ≥ 3-fold in Rac1•GTP levels compared to the controls. The remaining ten patients with bacteremia exhibited either neutrophilia or pancytopenia and displayed normal to below-normal Rac1 GTPase activity, which is consistent with bacteria-induced immunosuppression. To analyze the data, we employed partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), a supervised method that optimizes group separation and aids in building a novel machine-learning model for pathogen identification.DiscussionThe results demonstrated that PLS-DA effectively differentiates between specific pathogen groups, and external validation confirmed the predictive model's utility. Given that bacterial culture confirmation may take several days, our study underscores the potential of combining routine assays with a machine-learning model as a valuable clinical decision-support tool. This approach could enable prompt and accurate treatment on the same day that patients present to the clinic.
Assessing accuracy of BiliPredics algorithm in predicting individual bilirubin progression in neonates—results from a prospective multi-center study
Authors: Steffens Britta , Koch Gilbert , Engel Corinna , Franz Axel R. , Pfister Marc , Wellmann Sven 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundNeonatal jaundice affects more than half of neonates. As bilirubin values usually peak few days after hospital discharge, jaundice remains a leading cause of rehospitalization. The recently developed BiliPredics algorithm, integrated in the first CE-approved bilirubin prediction tool, predicts individual bilirubin progression for up to 60 h into the future. Goal of the prospective study was to assess accuracy of this algorithm in predicting individual bilirubin prior to hospital discharge in neonates.MethodsA prospective multi-center study was conducted in 2021 at the University Children's Hospitals in Tübingen and Regensburg, Germany. Various scenarios differing in type and number of bilirubin measurements and in prediction horizon were tested. Primary objective was prediction accuracy of the BiliPredics algorithm based on total serum bilirubin (TSB) measurements or based on transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measurements alone. Secondary objective was prediction accuracy based on combinations of TSB and TcB measurements. For assessment of accuracy, two validation metrics, absolute prediction error (aPE) and relative prediction error (rPE), and two clinical acceptance conditions, margin of error of the 95%-confidence interval (95%-CI) and percentage of clinically relevant mis-predictions defined as aPE>85μmol/L, were investigated.ResultsOut of 455 enrolled neonates, 276 neonates met bilirubin inclusion criteria and were included in the analyses. Irrespective from tested prediction horizons, median rPE was small (8.5% to 9.5%) utilizing TSB measurements for up to 30 and 60 h and slightly higher (13.8%) utilizing TcB measurements for up to 48 h. The same applied for median aPE. Both clinical acceptance conditions were fulfilled across tested scenarios. Results for combined TSB-TcB scenarios up to a prediction horizon of 48 h without adjustment for type of measurement were comparable to TSB and TcB scenarios fulfilling both clinical acceptance conditions.ConclusionResults from this prospective study in neonates confirm that the BiliPredics algorithm accurately predicts bilirubin progression up to 60 h with TSB measurements and up to 48 h with TcB or combined TSB-TcB measurements. As such, prediction tools utilizing this algorithm are expected to facilitate and safely optimize jaundice risk assessment at hospital discharge with the potential to reduce jaundice-related rehospitalizations.
Vitamin K supports TGF-β1 depended in vitro human Langerhans cell differentiation and function via Axl
Authors: Bauer Thomas , Richter-Eder Susanne , Yasmin Nighat , Jurkin Jennifer , Köffel René , Strobl Herbert 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionOn the outermost edge of the body a dense network of dendritic cells (DCs), the so-called Langerhans cells (LCs), represents the first immune barrier. The establishment and maintenance of this epidermal network is dependent on the cytokine transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expressed by keratinocytes (KC) and LCs. We recently identified a crucial downstream effector of TGF-β1, the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl. Axl belongs to the TAM receptor family, which also includes Tyro3 and Mer, and is activated through the vitamin K-dependent ligands Gas6 and Protein S.MethodsWe have now established that TGF-β1 dependent in vitro human LC generation from CD34+ progenitor cells can be enhanced by Axl over-expression.ResultsAdditionally, we supplemented vitamin K into serum-free human LC generation cultures in order to activate the endogenous ligands Gas6 and Protein S. Vitamin K exhibited supportive effects on LC differentiation and LC-associated gene expression. The vitamin K antagonist warfarin on the other hand, hindered efficient LC differentiation. Blocking antibodies against Axl abrogated the positive effect of vitamin K on LC differentiation. Lastly, vitamin K downregulated the immune activation marker CD86 during LC differentiation and blocked the upregulation of CD86 during LC activation in vitro, in an Axl independent manner.DiscussionTaken together, we provide evidence for the supportive role of vitamin K in regulating skin immunity.
A cross-sectional study of risk factors associated with sarcopenia in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Amer Johnny , Abdoh Qusay , Salous Zaina , Alsoud Eithar Abu , AbuBaker Sama , Salhab Ahmad , Badrasawi Manal 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a chronic liver disease linked to several adverse health consequences that include metabolic disturbances affecting skeletal muscle. Sarcopenia, characterized by skeletal muscle loss, is commonly observed in individuals with MASLD. Our study aimed to identify modifiable lifestyle factors associated with sarcopenia in patients with MASLD.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional study that was conducted in three clinics in Nablus. A total of 162 adults diagnosed with MASLD were recruited for the study. The patients were interviewed and instructed to provide the necessary information, such as sociodemographic factors, medical and surgical history, lifestyle information, MASLD-related data, and nutritional and functional status. Sarcopenia was defined using the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria, which includes the weight-adjusted skeletal muscle index (wSMI) with the cut-off scores (male subjects: 35.7% and female subjects: 30.7%). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v.21. A chi-squared or independent samples t-test was utilized to identify the factors linked to sarcopenia in the study sample.ResultsOur data found that 44% of MASLD patients had sarcopenia. This condition was significantly associated with female gender (p &lt; 0.0001), older age (p &lt; 0.0001), presence of chronic diseases (p &lt; 0.035), and medication use (p &lt; 0.05). Regarding nutritional factors, sarcopenia had a significant association with obesity, a higher body fat percentage, a high waist-to-hip ratio, a low mid-upper arm circumference, and a reduced calf circumference (p &lt; 0.001). Sarcopenic individuals often exhibit reduced handgrip strength. Lifestyle factors such as a history of smoking and the type of smoking were found to be positively associated with sarcopenia (p &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionSarcopenia was prevalent in the study population and was linked to modifiable risk factors that can be managed to reduce its progression. Future research using different study designs, such as longitudinal design, is recommended to identify the determinants of sarcopenia. Intervention studies are also required to improve the nutritional and functional status of MASLD patients.
Fecal carriage and molecular characterization of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from hospitalized children in a tertiary hospital of Shandong, China
Authors: Deng Xia , Wang Shuyun , Hou Peibin , Sun Na , Yang Ying , Zeng Qian , Wang Juan , Wang Chunping , Lv Xin , Zhang Wenqiang , Fan Ruyue 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has emerged as a serious public health problem worldwide, and the data on the fecal carriage of CRE strains in hospitalized children remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the molecular characteristics of intestinal colonization of CRE in hospitalized children in Shandong, China.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted from August to November 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the broth microdilution method. Carbapenemase genes, drug resistance genes, and plasmid replicon types were detected using multiplex real-time PCR and whole-genome sequencing. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to determine the genetic relationships between strains.ResultsA total of 20 CRE isolates were identified from 432 fecal samples, with a fecal carriage rate of 4.6%. The CRE isolates predominantly consisted of Escherichia coli (E. coli, n = 13) and Klebsiella strains (n = 6). CRE isolates showed a high resistance rate of 90–100% to seven β-lactam antibiotics. Resistance rates for other antibiotics such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, and streptomycin were 90, 85, 85, 80, 75, 75, and 75%, respectively. CRE isolates showed low resistance to amikacin (20%), and none of the isolates were resistant to tigecycline. Additionally, the multidrug resistance rate of CRE isolates was 95%. All CRE strains carried sulfonamide antibiotic and β-lactamase resistance genes, of which the most common β-lactamase resistance genes were blaNDM-1 (n = 9), blaNDM-5 (n = 7) and blaOXA-1 (n = 7). Resistance genes to tetracycline and macrolide antibiotics were also widespread among the strains. The study found that IncFIB and IncFII series plasmids were present in 84 and 42% of the CRE strains, respectively. Additionally, Col, IncFIA, IncC, IncHI2, and IncX series plasmids were also detected. MLST analysis revealed diverse sequence types (STs) among CRE isolates, with ST167 being a common ST among E. coli isolates.ConclusionThis study revealed blaNDME. coli were the dominant isolates in fecal samples of hospitalized children in Shandong Province, with a broad multidrug resistance to antibiotics, emphasizing that infection control measures need to be taken to limit the spread of these strains.