bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remnant Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Factor Related to Adult Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Cheng Shitong , He Xue , Wang Wei , Yun Ke , Man Dongliang , Ding Haibo , Li Ping , Chu Zhenxing , Yang Xiaotao , Shang Hong , Han Xiaoxu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Context
Dyslipidemia is related to fatty liver disease (FLD), whose relationship with remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C), a component of blood lipids, remains unclear.

Objective
To clarify the correlation between RLP-C and the occurrence and severity of FLD and establish an FLD discriminant model based on health check indicators.

Methods
Retrospective study of participants who underwent health check-up in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University (Shenyang, China) between January and December 2019. We categorized participants according to liver ultrasound results and analyzed the correlation between RLP-C and occurrence of FLD (n = 38 885) through logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, and receiver operating characteristic curve. We categorized the severity of FLD according to the control attenuation parameter and analyzed the correlation between RLP-C and FLD severity through multiple logistic regression; only males were included (n = 564).

Results
The adjusted OR (aOR) per SD between RLP-C and FLD was 2.33 (95% CI 2.21-2.46, P &lt; .001), indicating a dose–response relationship (P &lt; .0001). The optimal cut-off value of RLP-C was 0.45 mmol/L and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.79. The AUC of the 8-variable model was 0.89 in both the training and the validation sets. FLD severity was related to the level of RLP-C (aOR per SD = 1.29, 95% CI 1.07-1.55, P = .008).

Conclusion
RLP-C has a strong positive correlation with FLD occurrence and FLD severity. These results may help clinicians identify and implement interventions in individuals with high FLD risk and reduce FLD prevalence.
Pluripotent stem cells related to embryonic disc exhibit common self-renewal requirements in diverse livestock species
Authors: Kinoshita Masaki , Kobayashi Toshihiro , Planells Benjamin , Klisch Doris , Spindlow Daniel , Masaki Hideki , Bornelöv Susanne , Stirparo Giuliano Giuseppe , Matsunari Hitomi , Uchikura Ayuko , Lamas-Toranzo Ismael , Nichols Jennifer , Nakauchi Hiromitsu , Nagashima Hiroshi , Alberio Ramiro , Smith Austin 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Despite four decades of effort, robust propagation of pluripotent stem cells from livestock animals remains challenging. The requirements for self-renewal are unclear and the relationship of cultured stem cells to pluripotent cells resident in the embryo uncertain. Here, we avoided using feeder cells or serum factors to provide a defined culture microenvironment. We show that the combination of activin A, fibroblast growth factor and the Wnt inhibitor XAV939 (AFX) supports establishment and continuous expansion of pluripotent stem cell lines from porcine, ovine and bovine embryos. Germ layer differentiation was evident in teratomas and readily induced in vitro. Global transcriptome analyses highlighted commonality in transcription factor expression across the three species, while global comparison with porcine embryo stages showed proximity to bilaminar disc epiblast. Clonal genetic manipulation and gene targeting were exemplified in porcine stem cells. We further demonstrated that genetically modified AFX stem cells gave rise to cloned porcine foetuses by nuclear transfer. In summary, for major livestock mammals, pluripotent stem cells related to the formative embryonic disc are reliably established using a common and defined signalling environment.
This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview.
Current approaches and advances in the imaging of stroke
Authors: Kakkar Pragati , Kakkar Tarun , Patankar Tufail , Saha Sikha 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
A stroke occurs when the blood flow to the brain is suddenly interrupted, depriving brain cells of oxygen and glucose and leading to further cell death. Neuroimaging techniques, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have greatly improved our ability to visualise brain structures and are routinely used to diagnose the affected vascular region of a stroke patient's brain and to inform decisions about clinical care. Currently, these multimodal imaging techniques are the backbone of the clinical management of stroke patients and have immensely improved our ability to visualise brain structures. Here, we review recent developments in the field of neuroimaging and discuss how different imaging techniques are used in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of stroke.
Bembo ή Sanudo; Οι βενετικές επιχειρήσεις στον Αμβρακικό κόλπο κατά το 1500 (m.v.) και η ιστοριογραφική τους περιπέτεια
Authors: Δόνος Δημοσθένης Αρ. 
Published: December 2021

Το παρόν άρθρο επανεξετάζει κάποια πολεμικά επεισόδια που έλαβαν χώρα στον Αμβρακικό κόλπο κατά τη διάρκεια του Β΄ Βενετοτουρκικού πολέμου (1499-1503).Για πρώτη φορά, η ευρέως αποδεκτή εκδοχή των γεγονότων –όπως αυτή παραδίδεται από τον Ρ. Bembo, επίσημο ιστοριογράφο της Βενετίας– αντιπαραβάλλεται με τις εκτενείς αλλά έως τώρα αναξιοποίητες αναφορές των Diarii του Μ. Sanudo, τα οποία και επιτρέπουν μια διαφορετική, πολύ πιο λεπτομερή αλλά και συνεκτική ανασύσταση των διαδραματισθέντων, ενώ επιπλέον μας παρέχουν πολύτιμες πληροφορίες για τη στρατηγική θέση και λειτουργία της πρώιμης Πρέβεζας και της Βόνιτσας στην οθωμανική στρατιωτική μηχανή του δυτικού ελλαδικού χώρου.Περαιτέρω, υπό το πρίσμα της γενεαλογικής θεωρίας του M. Foucault, συζητείται κριτικά η εν γένει ιστοριογραφική διαδρομή των γεγονότων στην ακαδημαϊκή και τοπική ιστορία. Στο παράρτημα παρατίθενται όλες οι σχετικές πηγές.
Το καπίτολο του αγίου Δημητρίου του μυροβλύτου & το δεκρέτο του αγίου
Authors: Καράμπελας Νίκος Δ. 
Published: December 2021

Στη βενετοκρατούμενη Πρέβεζα (1718-1797) ιδρύθηκαν δεκατέσσερις νέοι Χριστιανικοί ναοί, τόσον κτητορικοί όσον και συναδελφικοί. Οι όροι και οι κανόνες λειτουργίας των συναδελφικών ναών ορίζονταν σε έναν καταστατικό χάρτη, που ονομάζεται καπιτολάριο. Στην Πρέβεζα σώζονται σήμερα τέσσερα καπιτολάρια ναών.Στο παρόν άρθρο θα ασχοληθούμε με το παλαιότερο σωζόμενο καπιτολάριο της Πρέβεζας, αυτό του συναδελφικού ναού του αγίου Δημητρίου του μυροβλύτου παρουσιάζοντας τα σημαντικότερα στοιχεία που προέκυψαν από τη μελέτη τού σχετικού κώδικα, ο οποίος φυλάσετται στο Αρχείο της Μητροπόλως Νικοπόλεως & Πρεβέζης.
Does anyone know how much NHS operating rooms cost? A survey of operating room managers' knowledge of costs and data
Authors: Tavare Abhijeet , Pandit Jaideep J 
Published: December 2021

Background/Aims Operating theatres represent a large proportion of NHS healthcare resources, so there has been focus on reducing costs in this area. This, in part, relies on managers having knowledge of the relevant costs in operating rooms. This study aimed to gauge the level of familiarity regarding costs among the various tiers of managers of NHS operating theatres, and if this information informed their decision making. Methods A semi-structured interview was administered to 12 finance managers, theatre managers and board members across 16 separate hospitals, representing six NHS trusts. Responses were reviewed through qualitative analysis by the authors. Findings The respondents showed very limited knowledge of operating theatre costs, with nearly all being unable to use cost data to inform either daily or longer-term strategic decision making. In particular, the costs of under- or over-running operating lists were not known. Conclusions The study suggests that heuristics of operating theatre management are, in practice, not influenced by costs. Instead, the resulting cost balance appears to be a passive consequence of decision-making based on other factors. This has significant implications for cost reduction initiatives and suggests an urgent need for improvement.
Dance and Activism: A Century of Radical Dance Across the World, Dana Mills (2021)
Authors: Reñé Eva Aymamí 
Published: December 2021

Review of: Dance and Activism: A Century of Radical Dance Across the World, Dana Mills (2021)
London: Bloomsbury, 216 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-35013-701-1, h/bk, £76.50
ISBN 978-1-35013-702-8, e-PDF, £61.20
ISBN 978-1-35013-703-5, e-Pub, £61.20
A Companion to British-Jewish Theatre since the 1950s, Jeanette R. Malkin, Eckart Voigts and Sarah Jane Ablett (Eds) (2021)
Authors: Mitschke Samantha 
Published: December 2021

Review of: A Companion to British-Jewish Theatre since the 1950s, Jeanette R. Malkin, Eckart Voigts and Sarah Jane Ablett (Eds) (2021)
London: Bloomsbury, 272 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-35013-597-0, e-book, £76.50
ISBN 978-1-35013-596-3, h/bk, £85.00
A Coached Digital Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Reduces Anxiety and Depression in Adults With Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Szigethy Eva , Tansel Aylin , Pavlick Alexa N. , Marroquin Maria A. , Serio Catherine D. , Silfee Valerie , Wallace Meredith L. , Kingsley Michael J. , Levinthal David J. 
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Traditional cognitive behavioral interventions (CBIs) improve mood and gastrointestinal symptom severity in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) but face substantial barriers to implementation. Integrating behavioral health technology into medical clinic workflows could overcome these barriers. We evaluated the feasibility and impact of a coached digital CBI (dCBI) as a first-line intervention in a prospective cohort of emotionally distressed patients with FGID.

METHODS:
Patients with anxiety and/or depressive symptoms were offered a dCBI (an app called RxWell) during routine clinic visits. RxWell provides cognitive behavioral techniques enhanced by within-app text messaging with a health coach. Both gastroenterology and behavioral health-care providers electronically prescribed RxWell. We tracked patient interactions with RxWell, and patients completed anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7) and depression (Personal Health Questionniare Depression Scale) measures through the app. Our primary study outcome was the change in General Anxiety Disorder-7 and Personal Health Questionniare Depression Scale scores.

RESULTS:
Of 364 patients with FGID (mean age 43 years [SD 16 years]; 73.1% women) prescribed the dCBI, 48.4% enrolled (median use, 3 techniques [interquartile range 1–14]). About half of RxWell enrollees communicated with health coaches. The mean baseline anxiety score was 11.4 (SD 5.5), and the depression score was 11.5 (SD 6.1). RxWell users experienced improvements in anxiety (mean change 2.71 [t = 3.7, df = 58; P < 0.001]) and depression (mean change 2.9 [t = 4.2, df = 45; P < 0.001]) at 4 months.

DISCUSSION:
Patients with FGIDs and moderately severe anxiety and depressive symptoms are willing to use dCBI tools recommended by their providers. Our pilot data demonstrate that dCBI usage is associated with clinically and statistically significant mood symptom reductions.
The yellow-bellied sea snake, Hydrophis platurus (Squamata: Elapidae), off the Southwestern Pacific coast of Nicaragua, Central America
Authors: De-Weerdt Joëlle , Patulny Carla , Clapham Phillip 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The yellow-bellied sea snake (Hydrophis platurus, formerly Pelamis platurus) is known to occur along the Pacific coast of Central America. However, there are no marine records of this species off the coast of Nicaragua.
Objective: Report the first in situ marine observations of the yellow-bellied sea snake observed on three occasions in 2020 during cetacean surveys off the southwestern Pacific coast of Nicaragua.
Methods: During the sightings, photographs were taken which allowed the identification of the species based on morphology. Sea surface temperature, sea state, and distance to the coast are presented as descriptors of the habitat of the records.
Results: Three field observations of yellow-bellied sea snakes were recorded on separate occasions. Sightings occurred within 30 km of each other and 3.3 km from the coast. Average sea surface temperature was 26.6 °C with low swell and sea state.
Conclusions: The present information offers new knowledge about the presence of the yellow-bellied sea snake on the Pacific coast of Central America, contributing to the biodiversity record in Nicaragua.
Comportamiento diurno de cetáceos en el Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Authors: Martínez-Fernández Damián 
Published: December 2021

Introducción: Tres especies de cetáceos, el delfín manchado pantropical (Stenella attenuata attenuata), el delfín nariz de botella (Tursiops truncatus) y la ballena jorobada (Megaptera novaeangliae) son un componente importante de la fauna marina del Área de Conservación Guanacaste. Sin embargo, la información biológica básica sobre el comportamiento y la presencia de estas especies sigue siendo escasa.
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es determinar el comportamiento diurno de los cetáceos en el sector marino de la ACG y en sus áreas adyacentes.
Métodos: Se muestreó el Pacífico norte de Costa Rica desde Bahía Salinas hasta las Islas Murciélago, incluyendo el Golfo de Santa Elena, entre mayo de 2005 y mayo de 2006. Se utilizó el método de escaneo de comportamiento para identificar el comportamiento general de los grupos.
Resultados: Se registraron encuentros para tres especies en un total de 36 avistamientos, pero solo con un tiempo considerable para dos especies, S. attenuata y M. novaeangliae. Los delfines manchados exhibieron una amplia variedad de comportamientos en la temporada de lluvias. La búsqueda de alimento (X2 = 29.42; g.l. = 1; P < 0.001) y los viajes (X2 = 38.33; g.l. = 1; P < 0.001) aumentaron significativamente en la época de lluvias. Los comportamientos predominantes para la ballena jorobada fueron la asociación madre-cría, social y de viaje; este último fue mayor en la época de lluvias (X2 = 78.16; g.l. = 1; P < 0.001).
Conclusiones: En la zona, los cetáceos presentaron comportamientos como forrajeo y madre-cría, lo que significa que el área puede clasificarse como un hábitat crítico para estas especies de cetáceos, de mayor importancia para especies altamente migratorias como las ballenas jorobadas.
Neuroprotective effect of and ascorbic acid in brain against high fat diet and stress induced neurotoxicity
Authors: Vaderav Rajesh , Kavitha K  , Velichety Subadhra Devi , Acharya Anand 
Published: December 2021

Chronic exposure to stress and diet rich in saturated fat is one of the major reasons for the development of dementia and neurodegenerative disorders. The present study aims to examine the neuroprotective potential of and Ascorbic acid against high fat diet and stress induced neurotoxicity in brain. Animals were randomly divided into five groups. Group I received normal diet, Group II received high fat diet along with stress, Group III were treated with 100mg/kg body weight, and Group IV were treated with Ascorbic acid 100mg/kg body weight, Group V were treated with 100mg/kg body weight and Ascorbic acid 100mg/kg body weight. After the treatment all rats were sacrificed and brains were removed. Golgi staining was done and dendritic branching points and dendritic intersections were quantified with the help of cameralucida.There was a significant increase in dendritic length and branching points was observed in brain in rats treated with and Ascorbic acid.Present study concludes that and Ascorbic acid have neuroprotective role against high fat diet and stress induced Wistar rats.
Morphometric study of sacrum and its clinical implications in population in Bihar
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Kumar Binod , Ranjan Sinha Rajiv , Akhtar Md Jawed , Kumar Avanish 
Published: December 2021

The sacrum is a large triangular bone formed by fusion of five sacral vertebrae and wedged between two hip bones. Dimension of sacrum varies from region to region therefore morphometric study of sacrum in population of Bihar is important for proper fixation during orthopedic procedure in trauma patients. : The objectives of this study was to evaluate the morphometric parameters of sacrum so that a data can be generated from local population. M: The present study was done on 110 human sacra of known sex (62 male and 48 female) collected from department of Anatomy, IGIMS, Patna and also from other medical colleges of Bihar. Maximum length of sacrum, curved length of sacrum, maximum breadth of sacrum, antero-posterior diameter of the body of first sacral vertebra, transverse diameter of the body of first sacral vertebra and maximum length of articular surface of sacrum were measured. Mean value of sacral straight length were 104.55 cm in male and 94.66 cm in female, Curve length 112.03 cm in male and 103.98 cm in female, Width of sacrum 101.53 cm in male and 105.67 cm in female. Transverse diameter of body of 1st sacral vertebra were 46.53 cm and 40.85 cm in male and female respectively, antero-posterior diameter of body of 1st sacral vertebra were 29.89 cm and 27.73 cm in male and female respectively, Length of auricular surface were 56.08 cm and 54.77 cm respectively. Sacral index, curvature index, index of body of first sacral vertebra, corpora-basal index and auricular index were calculated. Morphometric study of sacrum in population of Bihar is important because dimension of sacrum varies from region to region and this is important for proper fixation during orthopedic procedure in trauma patients.
The Design and Evaluation of Online Faculty Development for Effective Graduate Supervision
Authors: Jacobsen Michele , Alharbi Hawazen , Taylor Lisa , Bairstow Les , Roberts Verena 
Published: December 2021

This design-based research aims to improve the quality of graduate supervision using a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). The Quality Graduate Supervision MOOC brings interdisciplinary faculty, postdoctoral scholars, and expert supervisors together in an online learning community to discuss and consider effective supervision practice, strategies for relationship building, supports for academic writing, mentoring for diverse careers, and how to combine excellence and wellness. The survey, interview, and system data were analyzed to inform and assess the design and development of the QGS MOOC, to gain insights into learner experience and engagement, and to assess the impact of the online learning community on graduate supervision practices. Through ongoing design and evaluation of this online learning course for graduate supervisors, the research team found the learning community influenced faculty members’ awareness, collective knowledge building, goal setting, and actions for graduate supervision practice. We present results from our evaluation of the design components in the QGS MOOC, the learning benefits for supervisors, impacts on graduate supervision practice, and make several recommendations for research and practice.
Pattern of albumin consumption in patients hospitalized in intensive care unit of two teaching hospitals in Iran
Authors: Valapour Hadis , Jarrahzadeh Mohammad Hossien , Sohrevardi Seyed Mojtaba 
Published: December 2021

Aims: The goal of this study was to evaluate the consumption pattern of human albumin according to the available and reliable guidelines.
Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study. The study sample consisted of patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) of Shahid Sadoughi and Rahnemoon Yazd Teaching Hospitals. In this study, 67 patients were selected. The study was carried out over three months. During the study, the albumin request by ICUs was investigated. Along with observing albumin orders' para-clinic findings were evaluated. The specific form of albumin consumption and prescription prepared by the Hospital Steering Board of Pharmacy was completed for each patient individually.
Results: In this study, 65.7% of prescribed albumin was infused for approved cases by the US food and drug administration (FDA). Administration after burn injury with 32.8% and hypoalbuminemia with 19.4% of cases were the most frequently reasonable prescribed albumin. About 34.3% of prescribed albumin (18 cases) did not have FDA-approved indications. Albumin infusion after patients edema in 14.9% of cases, nutritional support 6 % and Major surgery 6% have been the most frequently incorrect prescribed albumin.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the prescription of albumin in patients admitted to ICUs of Sadoughi and Rahnemoon teaching hospitals from October to December 2015 was not completely in accordance with the guidelines. So , consulting with relevant health care professionals can be helpful to improve the proper administration of this essential and expensive drug.
Digital literacy of teachers within Covid-19
Authors: Ibatova Aygul Zufarovna , Gromova Anna Vadimovna 
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the digital competence of teachers of Surgut branch of Tyumen Industrial University, as well as their opinion on the feasibility of introducing ICT into the structure of students' education. On the basis of the survey, the ways of the ICT used by teachers were identified, the main features of the ICT used in teaching process of different disciplines, the level of digitalization of the educational process were highlighted. The research was carried out on on the basis of Tyumen Industrial University. The data collection procedure included a questionnaire containing 13 questions, of which 11 were closed-ended, with suggested options, and 2 were open. Based on the data obtained, the difficulties encountered by teachers were identified, which prevent introducing modern technologies in the learning process. The article puts forward the idea of ​​changing the approach to training teachers for the process of ICT implementation. The following conclusion is made that the obtained data allow reforming the strategy of educational activity.
Virtual Thermocouple: A Non-Invasive Multipoint Product Temperature Measurement for Lyophilization
Authors: Jiang Xiaofan , Kazarin Petr , Sinanis Michael , Raghunathan Nithin , Alexeenko Alina , Peroulis Dimitrios 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Monitoring product temperature during lyophilization is of critical importance, especially during the process development stage, as the final product may be jeopardized if its process temperature exceeds a threshold value. While conventional thermocouples can track product temperature, they are invasive and can significantly alter the freezing and drying behavior. In this work, a new methodology for non-invasive product temperature monitoring and drying behavior during the entire lyophilization process is proposed and experimentally validated. The method is based on a new flexible wireless multi-point temperature sensing probe that is attached to the outside of the vial. Combining the wirelessly-collected data with advanced multi-physics simulations allows the accurate extraction of the product temperature non-invasively.