bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes of Revision Hip Arthroscopy for Synovial Chondromatosis
Authors: Gao Guanying , Huang Hongjie , Wang Jianquan , Ao Yingfang , Xu Yan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a relatively rare disease and there were few studies on causes and clinical outcomes of revision surgery for SC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of revision hip arthroscopy for synovial chondromatosis.Methods: We evaluated consecutive patients who underwent revision hip arthroscopy for SC in our hospital between January 2008 and January 2020. Radiographic evaluation was made before and after surgery. Preoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and PROs at final follow-up were obtained, including visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the International Hip Outcome Tool-12 (iHOT-12) and modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS).Results: A total of 8 patients (mean age, 39.5 years; age range, 27-62 years; 5 males and 3 females) were included in this study. The recurrence rate of hip SC in our hospital was 6.8%. The average follow-up period after surgery was 47.3 months (range, 12–120 months). Before surgery, mean mHHS was 60.6±17.3 (range, 20-77), mean iHOT-12 was 43.8±13.7 (range, 18-69), and mean VAS was 3.1±1.7 (range, 1-7). At the final post-operative follow-up, mean mHHS was 83.8±16.6 (range, 43-91), iHOT-12 was 80.6±19.7 (range, 32-90), and mean VAS was 0.6±1.8 (range, 0-5). All results demonstrated statistically significant improvement (P < 0.05). Recurrence of SC was found in 2 patients 1 year and 4 years after revision hip arthroscopy, respectively.Conclusion: Hip arthroscopy had good clinical outcomes for revision surgery of SC.
Proposal for Work study 2.0: Accounting for Information Load
Authors: Fansen Kong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Workers at production sites bear two types of loads: physical loads and information loads. With the progress made in science and technology—particularly information technology—and the increased levels of automation of production equipment, the proportion of physical loads borne by workers has decreased. Traditional work study is based on the research conducted by Frederick W. Taylor. However, in this study, a method for conducting work study, called “Work Study 2.0”, is proposed, which considers the information of a production site. Work Study 2.0 incorporates information flow/field analyses based on traditional work study. Work operational complexity and cognitive complexity measurements are used to analyse and improve information elements in the production site to reduce the information processing load borne by the workers. Finally, a case study employing the proposed method is presented. The results indicate that the proposed method can further ease the labour of the workers in a lean production system. Overall, this study enriches the theoretical system of the work study and provides a new theoretical tool for lean improvement and visual management.Workers at production sites bear two types of loads: physical loads and information loads. With the progress made in science and technology—particularly information technology—and the increased levels of automation of production equipment, the proportion of physical loads borne by workers has decreased. Traditional work study is based on the research conducted by Frederick W. Taylor. However, in this study, a method for conducting work study, called “Work Study 2.0”, is proposed, which considers the information of a production site. Work Study 2.0 incorporates information flow/field analyses based on traditional work study. Work operational complexity and cognitive complexity measurements are used to analyse and improve information elements in the production site to reduce the information processing load borne by the workers. Finally, a case study employing the proposed method is presented. The results indicate that the proposed method can further ease the labour of the workers in a lean production system. Overall, this study enriches the theoretical system of the work study and provides a new theoretical tool for lean improvement and visual management.
Physical Water Treatment using Alternating Variable Frequency Electric Field Device for the Mitigation of Limescale in Industrial Production.
Authors: Zhang Ye , Cao Shengxian , Wang Yunhan , Wang Gong , Sun Tianyi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Electric field scale inhibition is one of the most promising methods of scale inhibition. In this study, an alternating variable frequency electric field device is presented, it able to prevent the growth of scale in industrial heat exchange equipment effectively. Conduct field test at the heat exchange station to analyze the scale inhibition performance of the device. The test results showed that after using alternating variable frequency electric field device, the scale thickness on the heat exchange surface is significantly reduced, fouling resistance reduced by more than 58%, and the anti-corrosion rate for Fe element content reaches 19.78%, The SEM image of the scale changes from a dense irregular sharp shape to a loose spherical shape. Conclusively, alternating variable frequency electric field device has grate scale inhibition performance. This is of great significance to the field of heat transfer and energy saving.
Hypoxia-Related Gene FUT11 Promoted Pancreatic Cancer Progression Via Maintaining The Stabilization of PDK1
Authors: Cao Wenpeng , Zeng Zhirui , He Zhiwei , Pan Runsang , Wu Hao , Zhang Xiangyan , Chen Hui , Nie Yingjie , Lei Shan , Yu Zijiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Hypoxia participated in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer (PC). However, genes associated with hypoxia respond and their regulated mechanism in PC cells were unclear. The current research was aimed to illuminate the role and hypoxia regulated mechanism of fucosyltransferase 11 (FUT11) in the progression of PC.Methods: After predicting FUT11 as a key hypoxia associated gene in PC using bioinformatics analysis. The expression of FUT11 in PC using quantitative real-time fluorescent PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. The effects of FUT11 on PC cells proliferation, migration and invasion under normoxia and hypoxia were detected using Cell Counting Kit 8, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine assay, colony formation assay and transwell assay. Spleen capsule injected liver metastasis and subcutaneously injected model were performed to confirm the effects of FUT11 in vivo. Furthermore, western blot, luciferase assay and immunoprecipitation were performed to explore the regulated relationship among FUT11, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) in PC.Results: FUT11 was markedly increased of PC cells in hypoxia, up-regulated in the PC clinical tissues, and predicted a poor outcome. Inhibition of FUT11 reduced PC cell growth and mobility of PC cells under normoxia and hypoxia conditions in vitro, and growth and mobility in vivo. FUT11 bind with PDK1 and regulated the expression PDK1 under normoxia and hypoxia. FUT11 knockdown significantly increased the degradation rate of PDK1 under hypoxia, while treatment with MG132 can relieve the degradation of PDK1 induced by FUT11 knockdown. Overexpression of PDK1 in PC cells under hypoxia conditions reversed the suppressiv impacts of FUT11 knockdown on PC cell growth and mobility. In addition, HIF1α bound to the enhancer of FUT11 and increased its expression, as well as co-expressing with FUT11 in PC tissues. Furthermore, overexpress of FUT11 partially rescued the suppressiv effects of HIF1α knockdown on PC cell growth and mobility in hypoxia conditions.Conclusion: Our data further implicate that hypoxia-induced FUT11 in PC contributes to proliferation and metastasis by maintaining the stability of PDK1, and suggest FUT11 maybe a novel and effective target for treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Effect Analysis of Polarization Aberration in the Non-Line-of-Sight Azimuth Transmission
Authors: Yang Zhiyong , Song Junchen , Cai Wei , Qiao Danqiu , Lu Gaoxiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Focusing on the problem that the polarization aberration caused by the non-normal incidence of the polarized beam affects the accuracy of the azimuth transmission during the fiber coupling process of the non-line-of-sight azimuth transmission system, this paper starts from the principle of non-line-of-sightazimuth transmission. The polarization aberration relation of the lens-fiber combined interface is established based on the Fresnel formulafor the attenuation difference between the horizontal and vertical electric vectors. Further, the azimuth solution model affected by polarization aberration is established. Numerical simulation results show that in non-normal incidence, no polarization aberration will occur when the polarization angle between the incident ray and incident surface is 0° or 90°. Otherwise, the polarization aberration changes toward the incident surface, and the azimuth transmission error will increase with the increase of the polarization aberration. Last, the optimization measures are proposed. This is of great significancefor further improvement of the azimuth transmission system based on polarization-maintaining fibers, the selection of the instrument,and the improvement of the system measurement accuracy.
Frailty is Associated with Susceptibility to and Severity of Pneumonia in Functionally-independent Community-dwelling Older Adults: A JAGES Multilevel Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Iwai-Saito Kousuke , Shobugawa Yugo , Aida Jun , Kondo Katsunori 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality among older adults worldwide. Recently, several studies reported that frailty was associated with mortality among older adults hospitalized due to respiratory infectious diseases, including pneumonia. However, it is unknown whether frailty is associated with susceptibility to and severity of pneumonia in functionally-independent community-dwelling older adults. In this study, we examined whether frailty increased the susceptibility to pneumonia and hospitalization in older adults. We used cross-sectional data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study; the data was collected by using mail-based, self-reported questionnaires from 177,991 functionally-independent community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years. Our results showed that frailty was significantly associated with both occurrence of and hospitalization due to pneumonia after adjustments with covariates; (Preference ratio {PR}1.92, 95% confidence interval {95%CI} [1.66 − 2.22] and PR 1.80, 95%CI [1.42 − 2.28], respectively, p < 0.001 for the both). Pre-frailty was associated only with the occurrence of pneumonia. Besides, the instrumental activity of daily living, physical strength, nutrition status, oral function, homeboundness, and depression status in frail older adults were associated with either or both occurrence of and hospitalization due to pneumonia. Our results suggest that frailty influenced the susceptibility to and severity of pneumonia in older adults.
Presence and Persistence of Amblyomma Hebraeum Augments the Burden of Heartwater in the Southern District of Botswana
Authors: Ramotadima Isabella , Hyera Joseph , Lebani Kebaneilwe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUNDHeartwater is a tick-borne, haemoparasitic disease that has the potential to limit the growth of agro-businesses in Botswana. This threat to national food security is attributed to low production and mortality of livestock in subsistence farming of small stock than in commercial farms. This study gives a view of the epidemiological burden of heartwater in Botswana. METHODSFeeding ticks on livestock kept in four Southern sub-districts of Botswana were identified through morphological and molecular analysis. Farmers were interviewed on the management of the heartwater burden within their respective sub-districts. Veterinary clinical case reports were collected to assess the frequency of cases across the Southern District of Botswana. RESULTSOutcomes of the study revealed; a wide distribution of Amblyomma hebraeum in all four studied sub-districts, gradual annual increase in heartwater cases in Moshupa sub-district and indication of increased impact on indigenous caprine species despite the effort to control vectors by 63% of interviewed farmers. CONCLUSIONAmblyomma hebraeum, the principal vector of Ehrlichia ruminantium in Southern Africa is widely distributed in the Southern District of Botswana and thus poses a challenge to livestock productivity in this district and, perhaps, elsewhere in the country where the tick infests livestock. There is therefore a need to re-examine the existing tick control interventions with an intention to reduce the heartwater disease burden particularly in sheep and goats.
Effect of Oral Calcium Administration on Metabolic Status and Uterine Health of Dairy Cows With Reduced Postpartum Rumination and Eating Time
Authors: Pinedo Pablo , Manríquez Diego , Marota Nicolas , Mongiello Giuliano , Risco Carlos , Leenaerts Leen , Bothe Hans , Velez Juan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHypocalcemia has detrimental effects on health and performance of dairy cows. As hypocalcemic cows show reduced feed intake, we hypothesized that cows with lower rumination and eating time (CRET) may benefit from Ca supplementation. The objective was to evaluate the effect of postpartum oral Ca administration on metabolic status (Ca, fatty acids [FA], and β-Hydroxybutyrate [BHB] serum concentrations) and incidence of puerperal metritis (PM) in dairy cows with reduced postpartum CRET. Cows diagnosed with reduced CRET (<489 min/d; n=88) during the first day postpartum were assigned into 1 of 2 treatments: i) Calcium administration (CA; =45) that received 1 Ca oral capsule (Bovikalc bolus, Boehringer Ingelheim, St. Joseph, MO) containing CaCl2 and CaSO4 (43 g of Ca) once per day, for 3 consecutive days, starting at d 1 postpartum; and ii) Control (CON; n=43) that did not receive oral Ca. A convenience group consisting of cows with CRET ≥489 min/d was used for comparison and did not receive oral Ca (NOR; n=96).ResultsAt day 1 postpartum cows with lower CRET had lower Ca serum concentrations (CA=2.08 mmol/L; CON=2.06 mmol/L) compared with NOR cows (2.17 mmol/L). Calcium concentrations at d 3, 5, and 12 postpartum were not different among the three groups. Serum FA concentrations at d 1, 3 and 5 postpartum were higher in both CA and CON cows compared with NOR. At d 12, only CA cows had higher FA concentrations than NOR cows. Serum BHB concentrations at d 3 were highest in CA, with no difference between CON and NOR. At d 5, BHB concentrations were higher in CA, followed by CON, and NOR. No effect was observed for Ca administration on incidence of PM and reproductive performance. CON cows had lower survival at 30 DIM (86.5%) than NOR cows (97.9%).ConclusionsCows with reduced CRET during the first day postpartum had lower Ca concentration and altered metabolic status following parturition. Oral calcium administration did not affect incidence of metabolic disorders nor reproductive health and subsequent pregnancy. Compared with normal cows, survival at 30 days in milk was lower for non-Ca supplemented cows with CRET.
8-Hydroxydihydrosanguinarine (8-HDS), a pyridone containing analogue of sanguinarine, can be a potential inhibitor of S protein and M protease of SARS CoV2: Insights from computational studies
Authors: Jena Atala Bihari , Kanungo Namrata , Chainy Gagan Bihari Nityananda , Devaraji Vinod , Dandapat Jagneshwar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The unprecedented global pandemic of COVID-19 has created a daunting scenario urging an immediate generation of therapeutic strategy. Interventions to curb the spread of viral infection primarily include setting targets against the virus. Here in this study we target S protein to obstruct the viral attachment and entry and also the M pro to prevent the viral replication. For this purpose, the interaction of S protein and M pro with phytocompounds, sanguinarine and eugenol, and their derivatives were studied using computational tools. It is evident from the docking studies that 8-Hydroxydihydrosanguinarine, a derivative of sanguinarine, exhibits maximum binding affinity with both the targets. The binding energies of the ligand with S protein and M pro scored to be ΔGb-9.4 Kcal/mol and ΔGb-10.3 Kcal/mol respectively. MD simulation studies depict that the phytocompound could effectively cause structural perturbations in the targets which would affect their functions. 8-Hydroxydihydrosanguinarine distorts the α-helix in the secondary structure of M pro and RBD site of S protein. Protein-protein interaction study in presence of 8-hydroxydihydrosanguinarine (8-HDS) also corroborate the above findings which indicate that this polyphenol interfere in the coupling of S Protein and ACE2. The alterations in protonation of M pro suggest that the protein structure undergoes significant structural changes at neutral pH. ADME (Physicochemical, Lipophilicity, Water Solubility, Pharmacokinetics, Drug-likeness) property of 8- hydroxydihydrosanguinarine suggests that this could be a potential drug. This makes the phyto-alkaloid a possible therapeutic molecule for anti COVID-19 drug design.
Computation Tomography (CT)-Based Evaluation of Temporal Changes in Lung Abnormalities During the Recovery Stage in COVID-19 In-Hospital Patients
Authors: Wang Yanjing , Lakin Robert , Jiang Nan , Yang Bo , Si Daoyuan , Ding Mei , Liu Guohui , Ma Peiyong , Wu Han , Ge Xiaoyu , Yu Bo , He Yuquan , Li Jiayu , Yang Ping , Sun Huan , Liu Lin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To assess the late phase CT changes of COVID-19 patients, and figure out factors predicting lung abnormality in late phase.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 42 patients (14 males, 28 females; age 65±10 years) with COVID-19 admitted between February 7, 2020 and March 27, 2020. Only patients with at least 3 CT scans taken at least 3 weeks after initial symptom onset were included in the study. CT images were analyzed by 2 independent radiologists using different scoring: (1) area-based scoring (ABS); and (2) intensity-weighted scoring (IWS). Temporal changes in the average lung lesion were evaluated by averaged area under the curve (AUC) of the CT score-time curve. Correlations between averaged AUCs and clinical characteristics were determined. Results: Temporal changes in lung abnormalities during recovery (weeks 3 through 8) of CT findings using the ABS system were variable (P=0.934). By contrast, the IWS system detected more subtle changes in lung abnormalities during the late phase of recovery in COVID-19 patients, with consistent week-to-week relative reductions in IWS (P=0.025). In assessing the correlation between averaged AUCs and clinical characteristics, strong relationships were observed with D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels on admission, with hazard ratios (HR)(95%CI) of 5.32 (1.25-22.6)(P=0.026) and 1.05 (1.10-1.09)(P=0.017), respectively. Conclusion: Our results suggest an intensity-weighted rather than area-based scoring system is more sensitive to detect subtle temporal CT changes in COVID-19, with D-dimer and CRP levels on admission being predictive of the time course of late phase recovery from the disease.
A Sustainable Way of Agricultural Livelihood: Edible Bird’s Nests in Indonesia
Authors: Ito Yutaka , Yamamoto Yuki , Usup Aswin , Matsumoto ken'ichi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Edible bird’s nests (EBNs) have been traditionally produced in Southeast Asia and consumed in China. Indonesian farmers construct buildings for swiftlet birds and harvest their nests. Farming EBNs does not directly degrade forest resources and is therefore considered as a sustainable farming product, while the expansion of other agricultural activities often relies on the degradation of natural resources. This study examines how natural resources and agricultural livelihood are associated, focusing on Indonesian EBN farmers. Using our survey data combined with satellite information on the forest extent of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, we measure production efficiency and identify the natural and social factors that enhance production performance. The results show that natural factors, such as forest extent and the existence of ponds, are positively associated with the production efficiency of EBNs. These natural resources could help swiftlets in collecting food and building nests. On the contrary, while farming EBNs is a sustainable and profitable option, the initial costs necessary for constructing a building to house the swiftlets may negatively impact farmers’ participation in the process.
Rapid and Precise Diagnosis of Pneumonia Coinfected by Pneumocystis Jirovecii and Aspergillus Fumigatus Assisted by Next-generation Sequencing in a Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Case Report
Authors: Chen Yili , Ai Lu , Zhou Yingqun , Zhao Yating , Huang Jianyu , Tang Wen , Liang Yujian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus fumigatus, are opportunistic pathogenic fungus that has a major impact on mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. With the potential to invade multiple organs, early and accurate diagnosis is essential to the survival of SLE patients, establishing an early diagnosis of the infection, especially coinfection by Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus fumigatus, still remains a great challenge.Case presentation: In this case, we reported that the application of next-generation sequencing in diagnosing Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus fumigatus coinfection in a Chinese girl with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Voriconazole was used to treat pulmonary aspergillosis, besides sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP), and caspofungin acetate to treat Pneumocystis jirovecii infection for 6 days. On Day 10 of admission, her chest radiograph displayed obvious absorption of bilateral lung inflammation though the circumstance of repeated fever had not improved. Unfortunately, the patient discharged from the hospital since the financial burden, therefore further condition couldn't be tracked.Conclusions: This successful application of the next generation sequencing assisting the rapid diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus fumigatus coinfection provides a new perspective in the clinical approach against the systematic fungi infections and highlights the potential of this technique in rapid etiological diagnosis.