bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serial measurement of pancreatic stone protein for the early detection of sepsis in intensive care unit patients: a prospective multicentric study
Authors: Pugin Jérôme , Daix Thomas , Pagani Jean-Luc , Morri Davide , Giacomucci Angelo , Dequin Pierre-François , Guitton Christophe , Que Yok-Ai , Zani Gianluca , Brealey David , Lepape Alain , Creagh-Brown Ben , Wyncoll Duncan , Silengo Daniela , Irincheeva Irina , Girard Laurie , Rebeaud Fabien , Maerki Iwan , Eggimann Philippe , François Bruno 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe early recognition and management of sepsis improves outcomes. Biomarkers may help in identifying earlier sub-clinical signs of sepsis. We explored the potential of serial measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and pancreatic stone protein (PSP) for the early recognition of sepsis in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsThis was a multicentric international prospective observational clinical study conducted in 14 ICUs in France, Switzerland, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Adult ICU patients at risk of nosocomial sepsis were included. A biomarker-blinded adjudication committee identified sepsis events and the days on which they began. The association of clinical sepsis diagnoses with the trajectories of PSP, CRP, and PCT in the 3 days preceding these diagnoses of sepsis were tested for markers of early sepsis detection. The performance of the biomarkers in sepsis diagnosis was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsOf the 243 patients included, 53 developed nosocomial sepsis after a median of 6 days (interquartile range, 3–8 days). Clinical sepsis diagnosis was associated with an increase in biomarkers value over the 3 days preceding this diagnosis [PSP (p = 0.003), PCT (p = 0.025) and CRP (p = 0.009)]. PSP started to increase 5 days before the clinical diagnosis of sepsis, PCT 3 and CRP 2 days, respectively. The area under the ROC curve at the time of clinical sepsis was similar for all markers (PSP, 0.75; CRP, 0.77; PCT, 0.75).ConclusionsWhile the diagnostic accuracy of PSP, CRP and PCT for sepsis were similar in this cohort, serial PSP measurement demonstrated an increase of this marker the days preceding the onset of signs necessary to clinical diagnose sepsis. This observation justifies further evaluation of the potential clinical benefit of serial PSP measurement in the management of critically ill patients developing nosocomial sepsis.Trial registrationThe study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (no. NCT03474809), on March 16, 2018.https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03474809?term=NCT03474809&draw=2&rank=1.
scMET: Bayesian modeling of DNA methylation heterogeneity at single-cell resolution
Authors: Kapourani Chantriolnt-Andreas , Argelaguet Ricard , Sanguinetti Guido , Vallejos Catalina A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHigh-throughput single-cell measurements of DNA methylomes can quantify methylation heterogeneity and uncover its role in gene regulation. However, technical limitations and sparse coverage can preclude this task. scMET is a hierarchical Bayesian model which overcomes sparsity, sharing information across cells and genomic features to robustly quantify genuine biological heterogeneity. scMET can identify highly variable features that drive epigenetic heterogeneity, and perform differential methylation and variability analyses. We illustrate how scMET facilitates the characterization of epigenetically distinct cell populations and how it enables the formulation of novel hypotheses on the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. scMET is available at https://github.com/andreaskapou/scMET.
The effects of exercise and low-calorie diets compared with low-calorie diets alone on health: a protocol for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of controlled clinical trials
Authors: Beigrezaei Sara , Yazdanpanah Zeinab , Soltani Sepideh , Rajaie Seyede Hamide , Mohseni-Takalloo Sahar , Zohrabi Tayebeh , Kaviani Mojtaba , Forbes Scott C. , Baker Julien S. , Salehi-Abargouei Amin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Exercise and weight loss diets are two independent non-pharmaceutical strategies used to improve several aspects of body composition and health. We plan to systematically review controlled clinical trials investigating weight loss diets alone compared to weight loss diets in conjunction with exercise on energy intake, body weight, body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, sex hormones, and mental health.

Methods and analysis
PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI (Web of Science), Scopus, and Google Scholar will be searched to retrieve potential controlled clinical trials investigating the effects of exercise in conjunction with weight loss diets compared with weight loss diets alone on energy intake, body weight and composition (fat mass, fat-free mass), anthropometrics (waist circumference), cardiometabolic markers, sex hormones [testosterone, estradiol, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)], liver and kidney enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), uric acid, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), quality of life, and depression in adults. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) will be derived using random effects model. Several subgroup analyses based on follow-up duration, the health status of the participants, the diet used for weight loss, the exercise protocol, participants’ sex, and other possible variables will be conducted to explore possible sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias will be explored by inspecting funnel plots and by conducting asymmetry tests. Overall quality of the evidence will be assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool.

Discussion
We envisage that this systematic review and meta-analysis will provide valuable information regarding the effectiveness of adding exercise to weight loss diets. No primary data is going to be collected; therefore, ethical approval is not required. The resulting manuscripts will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at international and national conferences.

Systematic review registration
The study protocol is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, Registration ID: CRD42020173434).
Lactic acid separation and recovery from fermentation broth by ion-exchange resin: A review
Authors: Din Nur Akmal Solehah , Lim Seng Joe , Maskat Mohamad Yusof , Mutalib Sahilah Abd , Zaini Nurul Aqilah Mohd 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLactic acid has become one of the most important chemical substances used in various sectors. Its global market demand has significantly increased in recent years, with a CAGR of 18.7% from 2019 to 2025. Fermentation has been considered the preferred method for producing high-purity lactic acid in the industry over chemical synthesis. However, the recovery and separation of lactic acid from microbial fermentation media are relatively complicated and expensive, especially in the process relating to second-generation (2G) lactic acid recovery. This article reviews the development and progress related to lactic acid separation and recovery from fermentation broth. Various aspects are discussed thoroughly, such as the mechanism of lactic acid production through fermentation, the crucial factors that influence the fermentation process, and the separation and recovery process of conventional and advanced lactic acid separation methods. This review's highlight is the recovery of lactic acid by adsorption technique using ion-exchange resins with a brief focus on the potential of in-site separation strategies alongside the important factors that influenced the lactic acid recovery process by ion exchange. Apart from that, other lactic acid separation techniques, such as chemical neutralization, liquid–liquid extraction, membrane separation, and distillation, are also thoroughly reviewed.
Acceptance and commitment therapy for fatigue interference in advanced gastrointestinal cancer and caregiver burden: protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mosher Catherine E. , Secinti Ekin , Kroenke Kurt , Helft Paul R. , Turk Anita A. , Loehrer Patrick J. , Sehdev Amikar , Al-Hader Ahmad A. , Champion Victoria L. , Johns Shelley A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundFatigue interference with activities, mood, and cognition is one of the most prevalent and bothersome concerns of advanced gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients. As fatigue interferes with patient functioning, family caregivers often report feeling burdened by increasing responsibilities. Evidence-based interventions jointly addressing cancer patient fatigue interference and caregiver burden are lacking. In pilot studies, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has shown promise for addressing symptom-related suffering in cancer patients. The current pilot trial seeks to test a novel, dyadic ACT intervention for both advanced GI cancer patients with moderate-to-severe fatigue interference and their family caregivers with significant caregiving burden or distress.MethodsA minimum of 40 patient-caregiver dyads will be randomly assigned to either the ACT intervention or an education/support control condition. Dyads in both conditions attend six weekly 50-min telephone sessions. Outcomes are assessed at baseline as well as 2 weeks and 3 months post-intervention. We will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of ACT for improving patient fatigue interference and caregiver burden. Secondary outcomes include patient sleep interference and patient and caregiver engagement in daily activities, psychological flexibility, and quality of life. We will also explore the effects of ACT on patient and caregiver physical and mental health service use.DiscussionFindings will inform a large-scale trial of intervention efficacy. Results will also lay the groundwork for further novel applications of ACT to symptom interference with functioning and caregiver burden in advanced cancer.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov,NCT04010227. Registered 8 July 2019.
Spatially different annual cycles but similar haemosporidian infections in distant populations of collared sand martins
Authors: Hahn Steffen , Briedis Martins , Barboutis Christos , Schmid Raffaella , Schulze Martin , Seifert Nina , Szép Tibor , Emmenegger Tamara 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Populations of long-distance migratory birds experience different environments and are consequently exposed to different parasites throughout their annual cycles. Though, specific whereabouts and accompanied host-parasite interactions remain unknown for most migratory passerines. Collared sand martins (Riparia riparia) breeding in the western Palaearctic spend the nonbreeding period in Africa, but it is not yet clear whether specific populations differ in overwintering locations and whether these also result in varying infections with vector-transmitted endoparasites.

Results
Geolocator tracking revealed that collared sand martins from northern-central and central-eastern Europe migrate to distant nonbreeding sites in West Africa and the Lake Chad basin in central Africa, respectively. While the ranges of these populations were clearly separated throughout the year, they consistently spent up to 60% of the annual cycle in Africa. Ambient light recorded by geolocators further indicated unsheltered roosting during the nonbreeding season in Africa compared to the breeding season in Europe.
We found 5–26% prevalence of haemosporidian parasites in three breeding populations and one migratory passage population that was only sampled but not tracked. In total, we identified seven Plasmodium and nine Haemoproteus lineages (incl. two and seven new lineages, respectively), the latter presumably typical for swallows (Hirundinae) hosts. 99.5% of infections had a low intensity, typical for chronic infection stages, whereas three individuals (0.5%) showed high parasitaemia typical for acute infections during spring migration and breeding.

Conclusions
Our study shows that blood parasite infections are common in several western Palaearctic breeding populations of collared sand martins who spent the nonbreeding season in West Africa and the lake Chad region. Due to long residency at the nonbreeding grounds blood parasite transmissions may mainly occur at host population-specific residences sites in Europe and Africa; the latter being likely facilitated by unsheltered roosting and thus high vulnerability to hematophagous insects. The rare cases of high parasitaemia during spring migration and breeding further indicates either relapses of chronic infection or primary infections which occurred shortly before migration and during breeding.
Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on education in Nigeria: Insights from teachers and students on virtual/online learning
Authors: Ebohon Osamudiamen , Obienu Anayochukwu Chukwunonso , Irabor Francis , Amadin Frank Iwebuke , Omoregie Ehimwenma Sheena 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
As in many countries worldwide, due to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, higher institutions in Nigeria closed in March 2020 and only began reopening in October of the same year. As a result of the lockdown, some higher institutions had to quickly move from the traditional face-to-face teaching method to virtual learning. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on education in Nigeria and also provide recommendations that may be useful in developing remote teaching contingency strategies. Five-point Likert-scale questionnaire targeting students and teachers separately was designed to get feedbacks from both students and teachers on their experiences, issues and successes. The questionnaires were divided into five categories: virtual classrooms, course learning outcomes, alternative method of assessment, impact of online teaching and satisfaction.

Results
A total of 703 students and 60 teachers from five different local universities participated in this study. All participants (> 50%) had difficulties with Internet connection. Students (67%) as well as teachers (59%) agree that they had limited interactions with one another and this negatively influence student’s satisfaction (p < 0.01). While students were split on the most appropriate method of assessment, teachers (63%) believe assignments and oral examinations are more suitable for online teaching. Many teachers (66%) admitted that it was difficult assessing students’ abilities and performance. Some students (> 40%) were concerned about the number of assignments given. Most teachers (84%) believe there is an increase in tendency for examination malpractice when assessment was conducted virtually. Students had significantly (p < 0.05) higher marks in all courses during online assessment compared to previous session involving face-to-face teaching. About 83% of teachers admitted it was difficult explaining complex scientific concepts.

Conclusion
Based on the results of this study, we provided recommendations to help educational institutions in Nigeria develop remote teaching contingency strategies.
Exercising to Improve Movement Quality: Why and How
Authors: Bennett Hunter , Arnold John , Davison Kade 
Published: April 2021

Apply It!
• Exercise interventions targeting improvements in movement quality can increase training safety and effectiveness.
• Movement quality–specific training can cause improvements in functionally relevant performance outcomes in a way that may be perceived as easier than traditional training interventions.
• Assessing movement quality before prescribing exercise can highlight areas of training focus while identifying key exercises that your clients can perform safely.
Adapting Fitness and Neuromotor Self-Tracking Over the Life Span
Authors: Kennedy-Armbruster Carol , Burton Lee , Kercher Vanessa M. , Doyle Danielle 
Published: April 2021

Apply It!
After reading this article, the health and fitness professional will
• Learn how to empower clients to take personal responsibility for their functional movement throughout the life span
• Explore self-tracking designed to teach clients to assess and record health-related and neuromotor movement patterns
• Apply behavioral and coaching theories to the application of self-assessment to prevent musculoskeletal issues while engaging in regular movement practices.
Non-coplanar VMAT plans for postoperative primary brain tumour to reduce dose to hippocampus, temporal lobe and cochlea: a planning study
Authors: Cheung Eva Yi Wah , Lee Kevin Ho Yuen , Lau Wilson Tin Long , Lau Amy Pik Yan , Wat Pak Ying 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to compare radiotherapy plan quality of coplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy (CO-VMAT) and non-coplanar VMAT (NC-VMAT) for post-operative primary brain tumour. Methods: A total of 16 patients who were treated for primary brain tumours were retrospectively selected for this study. For each patient, identical CT sets with structures were used for both CO-VMAT and NC-VMAT planning. For CO-VMAT, one full arc and two coplanar half arcs were used. For NC-VMAT, one full coplanar and two non-coplanar half arcs with couch rotation of 315° or 45° were used. Dose constraints were adhered to the RTOG 0614, RTOG 0933 and TMH protocol. Dose volumetric parameters were collected for statistical analysis. Results: . NC-VMAT achieved significant dose reduction in contralateral hippocampus, both temporal lobes and cochleae, and other OARs while the plan qualities remained the same. In particular, NC-VMAT decreased contralateral hippocampus mean dose by 1.67Gy. Similarly, the NC-VMAT decreased temporal lobe mean dose by 6.29Gy and 2.8Gy for ipsilateral and contralateral side respectively. Furthermore, it decreased cochlea mean dose by 5.34Gy and 0.97Gy for ipsilateral and contralateral side respectively. Overall, there was a reduction of 5.4% of normal brain tissue volume receiving low dose irradiation. Conclusion: The proposed NC-VMAT showed more favourable plan quality than the CO-VMAT for primary brain tumours, in particular to hippocampus, temporal lobes, cochleae and OARs located to the contralateral side of tumours. Advances in knowledge: For primary brain tumours radiotherapy, NC-VMAT can reduce doses to the hippocampus, both temporal lobes, and cochleae, as well as OARs located to the contralateral side of tumours.
Empoderando nossos Úteros: por uma prática de afirmação da vida
Authors: Caetano Patricia De Lima 
Published: April 2021

Útero. Cavidade primeira de todos os começos...O fértil pântano original em que a vida pode se desenvolver:(O primeiro) ninho, segurança;Órgão a partir do qual se expressa o ritmo (feminino);Músculo extremamente forte.... Alojar a vida, alimentar, abrir-se e conceder a vida (pelo nascimento). (Significado simbólico para útero, por Rüdiger Dahlke)
Nurse-led service for children with gastrostomies: a 2-year review
Authors: Patel Radhika , Mutalib Mohamed , Pradhan Akhilesh , Wright Hannah , Upadhyaya Manasvi 
Published: April 2021

Background:Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) feeding can provide long-term nutritional support for patients with a functional gastrointestinal system but insufficient oral intake. Some patients, however, may require jejunal feeding, which can be achieved using a PEG tube with jejunal extension (PEG-J). A previous review at a tertiary paediatric hospital revealed poor documentation and a high incidence of buried bumper syndrome (BBS) in children with gastrostomies. Subsequently, a nurse-led service for gastrostomy care was introduced.Aim:To determine the impact of the nurse-led service.Methods:Prospective review, at 1 year and 2 years, following either a PEG or PEG-J insertion. Patient records were reviewed and a telephone survey was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test.Findings:32 PEG and 6 PEG-J patients were included in this study. There was 100% documentation of provision of care instructions. Average satisfaction with the service was over 8/10. Incidence of BBS was 0% in the PEG group and 17% in the PEG-J group. Of those parents/carers surveyed, 74% wanted additional tube care support via SMS text message.Conclusion:Introduction of a nurse-led service resulted in complete documentation of provision of care and sustained high levels of parental satisfaction. Future care should focus on utilising technological platforms.
Os estudos de framing no contexto da investigação em comunicação
Authors: Mangana Rafael , Piñeiro-Naval Valeriano , Morais Ricardo 
Published: April 2021

A teoria do enquadramento (ou framing) tem ganho, desde o seu aparecimento, uma preponderância crescente no vasto campo das Ciências Sociais e Humanas. Estudos internacionais comprovam-no e sublinham a importância dada a esta teoria no contexto da investigação em Comunicação. Trata-se de uma teoria utilizada para estudar diversas temáticas, mediante variadas técnicas metodológicas, constituindo-se como um instrumento importante de compreensão dos fenómenos mediáticos.
Neste trabalho realçamos a importância que a teoria adquiriu nos estudos realizados em Brasil e Portugal, representando, na década de 2007 a 2016, a publicação de 135 artigos em 34 das principais revistas de expressão portuguesa da área das Ciências da Comunicação.
Mediante os resultados da análise de conteúdo efetuada, emerge a força do paradigma, que é trabalhado preferencialmente em associação com os temas de política e questões de género, de forma empírica e tendo como objeto de estudo a imprensa tradicional.
Time period after transcatheter PDA closure with changes in left ventricular function and nutritional status
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Ali Muhammad , Lumban Tobing Tina Christina , Dalimunthe Wisman , Adriansyah Rizky 
Published: April 2021

Background Few studies perform follow ups on patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) patients who undergo transcatheter closure. In addition to side effects from the procedure, it is important to evaluate changes in left ventricular function (LVF) parameters and nutritional status.
Objective To compare LVF and nutritional status before and during the one-year period post-transcatheter PDA closure, and evaluate potential associated factors in post-closure PDA transcatheter patients.
Methods This retrospective cohort study was done in a single center in patients diagnosed with PDA who had undergone transcatheter closure. Data were obtained from subjects’ medical records. The relationship between the post-closure PDA time span and LVF parameters [ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS)] was analyzed by Friedman and repeated ANOVA tests; the post-closure PDA time period and nutritional status was analyzed by Friedman test. The time periods analyzed were 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-closure. Factors potentially associated with LVF 12 months post-closure were analyzed by linear regression.
Results A total of 30 patients who had undergone transcatheter PDA closure were included. The body weight mean of at the time of transcatheter PDA closure was 13.1 kg. We found a significant relationship between time period after PDA closure and nutritional status, before and 1, 3, 6, and at 12 months post-closure. In a comparison of pre-closure to 12 months post-closure, subjects’ mean EF (66.6 vs. 70.9%, respectively; P<0.001) and FS (34.4 vs. 37.8%, respectively; P<0.001) were significantly higher. In addition, significantly more patients had normal nutritional status 12 months post-closure than before closure. Age was not related to LVF parameters (EF: r=0.212; P=0.260; FS: r=0.137; P=0.471).
Conclusion Both LVF and nutritional status significantly improve gradually over the 12 months post-closure compared to pre-closure. PDA size is not significantly associated with improved LVF parameters and nutritional status.