bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Last-Mile Drone Delivery Combinatorial Double Auction Model using Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Lee Chen-Wei , Wong Wai Peng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study proposes a combinatorial double auction bi-objective winner determination problem for last mile delivery using drone. Prior studies are limited on solving mixed integer model, which are not efficient for large-scale scenario. However, this is not practical in real cases as the computation time to obtain the solution is longer due to number of combinations of packages and participants anticipated in the last mile delivery platform. Four multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) with the decomposed winner determination problem model are experimented. This study is able to yield Pareto optimal solutions from multiple runs of mixed linear integer programming (MILP) using different objectives weights in the model. Unmanned aerial vehicle, or drone, has potential to reduce cost and save time for last-mile logistic operations. The result positively shows MOEAs are more efficient than MILP in yielding a set of feasible solutions for undertaking complex winner determination problem models. This is likely an unprecedented research in drone where combinatorial double auction is applied to complex drone delivery services and MOEAs are used to solve the associated winner determination problem model.
Death Toll by Dementia Drug
Authors: Lee Jong-hoon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Dementia Management Act (DMA) came into effect on August 4, 2011, in South Korea. Medical data on the correlation between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and anti-AD drug (AAD) groups were observed from 2010 to 2019. This study investigated the increase and decrease in deaths and AAD used to treat AD. It is known that psychotropic medicines should not be administered for dementia patients because they increase all-cause mortality. This study demonstrated that acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists increase the death toll when used to treat dementia.
Differences in brain activity between fast and slow responses on psychomotor vigilance task: an fNIRS study.
Authors: Nogueira Mateus G. , Silvestrin Mateus , Barreto Cândida S. F. , Sato João Ricardo , Mesquita Rickson C. , Biazoli Claudinei , Baptista Abrahão Fontes 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Attention is a basic human function underlying every other cognitive process. It is demonstrated in the functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging literature that frontoparietal networks are involved with attentive performance while default mode networks are involved with inattentive performance. Yet, it is still not clear whether similar results would be found with functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. The goal of our study was to investigate differences in hemodynamic activity measured by functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy between fast and slow responses on a simple sustained attention task both before and after stimulus onset. Thirty healthy adults took part in the study. Our results have shown differences between fast and slow responses only on channels over medial frontal cortex and inferior parietal cortex (p < 0,05). These differences were observed both before and after stimulus presentation. It is discussed that functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy is a good tool to investigate the frontoparietal network and its relationship with performance on attention tasks; it could be used to further investigate other approaches on attention, such as the dual network model of cognitive control and brain states views based on complex systems analysis; and finally, it could be used to investigate attention on naturalistic settings.
Impacts of root pruning intensity and direction on the phytoremediation of moderately Cd-polluted soil by Celosia argentea
Authors: Tang Youjun , Gan Tian , Cao Min , Song Jinnuo , Chen Dan , Luo Jie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Root pruning can impact the nutrient uptake capacity, photosynthetic efficiency, transpiration rate, root pressure, and biomass yield of various plants, which influence phytoremediation. A series of root pruning treatments with different combinations of direction (two-side pruning and four-side pruning) and intensity (10%, 25%, and 33% pruning) were performed on Celosia argentea. All two-side pruning treatments, regardless of intensity, decreased the dry biomass of the C. argentea roots at the end of the experiment relative to that of the control, and the lowest value occurred in the two-side-33% pruning treatment. However, the two-side-10% and two-side-25% pruning treatments stimulated the growth rate of the plant leaves significantly by 58.6% and 41.4%, respectively, relative to that of the control, and even offset the weight loss of the plant roots. Contrastingly, the two-side-33% pruning treatment reduced the biomass yield of leaves by 24.1%. For the four-side pruning treatments, low intensity increased the dry weight of both the plant roots and leaves, while both decreased under high intensity root pruning. The dry weight, Cd content, pigment level, and photosynthetic efficiency in the four-side-10% treatment were higher than those in the other treatments during the experiment, thereby corresponding to the best phytoremediation effect. Except for the two-side-33% pruning treatment, all the treatments increased the phytoremediation efficiency of C. argentea, thereby indicating that root pruning with a suitable combination of direction and intensity can positively influence the Cd removal ability of C. argentea.
Primary Immune Deficiency: Patients’ Preferences for Replacement Immunoglobulin Therapy
Authors: Gonzalez Juan Marcos , Ballow Mark , Fairchild Angelyn , Runken M. Chris 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Immunoglobulin (Ig) replacement therapy is an important life-saving treatment modality for patients with primary antibody immune deficiency disorders (PAD). IVIG and SCIg are suitable alternatives to treat patients with PAD but vary in key ways. Existing evidence on patient preferences for Ig treatments given the complexities associated with IVIG and SCIg treatment is limited and fails to account for variations in preferences across patients. For this reason, we sought to evaluate PAD patient preferences for features of IVIG and SCIg across different patient characteristics.Methods: 119 PAD patients completed a discrete-choice experiment (DCE) survey. The DCE asked respondents to make choices between carefully constructed treatment alternatives described in terms of generic treatment features. Choices from the DCE were analyzed to determine the relative influence of attribute changes on treatment preferences. We used subgroup analysis to evaluate systematic variations in preferences by patients’ age, gender, time since diagnosis, and treatment experience. Results: Patients were primarily concerned about the duration of treatment side effects, but preferences were heterogeneous. This was particularly true around administration features. Time since diagnosis was associated with an increase in patients’ concerns with the number of needles required per infusion. Also, patients appear to prefer the kind of therapy they are currently using which could be the result of properly aligned patient preferences or evidence of patient adaptive behavior. Conclusions: Heterogeneity in preferences for Ig replacement treatments suggests that a formal shared decision making process could have an important role in improving patient care.
Effect of AgNPs distribution on the cotton fiber to the durability of antibacterial cotton fabrics
Authors: Zhang Song , Zhang Tingting , He Jinxin , Dong Xia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Abstract:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded on the cotton fiber can endow the fiber with good antibacterial activity, but the AgNPs on the surface of cotton fiber will leach out with the increase of washing times, which will not only greatly reduce the antibacterial properties of cotton fiber, but also cause pollution to the environment. In this paper, carboxyl groups were introduced into cotton fiber by three methods, namely selective oxidation, butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) grafting and polyacrylic acid (PAA) adsorption. The silver ions (Ag+) were adsorbed on the cotton fibers through electrostatic attraction, and after reduction, the AgNPs were loaded onto the cotton fibers, and the AgNPs distribution on the fiber and its effect to the washing resistance of AgNPs were studied. The results showed that the selective oxidation and the BTCA grafting can introduce carboxylic groups into the interior of cotton fibers while the PAA adsorption only imports carboxyl groups on the surface of the fiber. As a consequence, AgNPs were formed inside of the cotton fiber when the selective oxidation and the BTCA grafting were employed, while AgNPs can only be loaded on the surface of the fiber by the PAA adsorption method. AgNPs inside of the fiber have high energetic adherence, resulting in silver-cotton fabric nanocomposites with strong slow-release property and long-term antibacterial ability. The fabric nanocomposites prepared by selective oxidation and BTCA grafting exhibited high AgNPs retention rate and excellent antibacterial activity even after 80 washing cycles.
Hemophagocytic syndrome after recovery from SARS-Cov-2 infection: a Case Report
Authors: Prina Marco Meazza , Martini Francesca , Bracchi Federico , Mauro Daniela Di , Fargnoli Anna , Motta Marco , Giussani Cristina , Gobbin Giovanni , Taverna Monica , D'Alessio Andrea 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe hyperinflammatory disease, whose diagnosis is based on the HLH-2004 criteria. In secondary forms of HLH (sHLH), the primary goal is treating the triggering factors such as SARS-CoV-2-19 infection. The link between the cytokine storm related to SARS-CoV-2-19infection and development of sHLH has already been reported since the onset of pandemic (1), but little is known about clinical manifestations of HLH which develop after patient’s recovery from SARS-CoV-2-19 infection. Case presentation A 56-year-old caucasian female was diagnosed with sHLH according to HLH-2004 criteria, after recovery from a mild symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-19 infection and received immunosuppressive treatment (high-dose steroids, IVIG, low dose Ruxolitinib and Etoposide. Antiviral (acyclovir), antibiotic (sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim) and heparin prophylaxes were administered. Colchicine therapy was added considering the pericarditis. Improvement in patient symptoms and normalization of blood count as well as fibrinogen and ferritin values was observed.Conclusion Our report suggests that HLH-like syndrome might be secondary to SARS CoV-2-19 infection, even after the patient completely recovered from the mildly symptomatic viral infection. In addition, we underline the treatment with low dose ruxolitinib plus etoposide as a potential choice for SARS-CoV-2-19 related HLH.
Protection From Contamination by 211At, an Enigmatic but Promising Alpha Emitter
Authors: Ohnuki Kazunobu , Yoshimoto Mitsuyoshi , Haba Hiromitsu , Manabe Shino , Takashima Hiroki , Yasunaga Masahiro , FUJII HIROFUMI 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
211At, a promising alpha emitter, can easily volatilize and contaminate the environment. To safely manage this unique alpha emitter, we investigated the permeability of four types of plastic films and gloves against 211At and identified suitable materials to avoid contamination by 211At.
Methods
Four types of plastic films, polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, and a laminated film, and two types of rubber gloves, latex and nitrile, were examined. Small pieces of filter paper were covered with these materials, and a drop containing 100 kBq of 211At was placed on them. The radioactivity of pieces of filter paper under the materials was evaluated by measuring counts using a gamma counter and obtaining autoradiograms 3.5 h later. These experiments were also performed using 225Ac, 125I, 111In, 201Tl, and 99mTc.
Results
211At solution easily penetrated polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and latex rubber. Similar results were obtained for 125I, while other radionuclides did not penetrate films or gloves. These results suggest that halogenic radionuclides under anionic conditions are likely to penetrate plastic films and rubber gloves.
Conclusion
Our evaluation revealed that, when 211At solution is used, the protection by polyvinylidene chloride, a laminated film, or nitrile rubber would be more effective than that by polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or latex rubber.
A Four Ingredients Chinese Herbal Formula, Decreases the Metastatic Recurrence of Postoperative Patients With Stage II- III Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Shi Qi , Le Qiqi , Wu Xing , Wang Xiyu , Zhang Minguang , Hou Fenggang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVETo identify the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on postoperative patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer (CRC) and to explore the core herb combination and its mechanism.METHODSFor this observational cohort study, patients diagnosed between January 2006 and September 2016 were enrolled from two hospitals, data was followed up from January 2019 to November 2020 and was analyzed in December 2020. The primary outcome, disease-free survival (DFS), was compared for those patients who received or did not receive TCM, and the secondary outcome was the hazard ratio (HR). The relevance principle was used to obtain the candidate herb combinations, and the core combination was evaluated through assessment of efficacy and representativeness. Then, the interactions among herbs and CRC were visualized by Cytoscape. Furthermore, related biological processes and signalling pathways were obtained by enrichment and KEGG analyses.RESULTSA total of 707 patients were finally included. In general, TCM decreased the metastatic recurrence associated with stage II-III CRC (HR: 0.61, log-rank P＜0.05). Among those patients in the TCM group, the core combination was Baizhu → Yinchen, Chenpi, and Fuling (C), and its antitumor mechanism was most likely related to 30 core targets, which were associated with 327 biological processes and 111 KEGG pathways. The most closely associated pathways were the PI3K-Akt, MAPK and HIF-1 pathways.CONCLUSIONSOn the whole, a combination of four herbs, Baizhu → Yinchen, Chenpi, and Fuling, could reduce metastatic recurrence in postoperative patients with stage II-III CRC, and the mechanism might be related to the PI3K-Akt, MAPK and HIF-1 pathways.
Low Efficiency of Leucocyte Plugging-Based Drug Delivery To Cancer In Mice
Authors: Qian Baifeng , Termer Andreas , Sommer Christof M. , Mehrabi Arianeb , Ryschich Eduard 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCells of immune system were proposed for use as Trojan horse for tumor-specific drug delivery. The efficacy of such cell-based drug delivery depends on the site-specific cell homing. This present study was aimed to investigate the potential of leucocytes for intratumoral site-specific enrichment using locoregional application route in experimental liver tumors.MethodsHuman neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood and directly labeled with calcein AM or loaded with doxorubicin. The neutrophil loading and release of doxorubicin, migration and adhesion to ICAM-1 were analyzed in vitro. Macrophages were isolated and activated in vitro. Leucocyte plugging and distribution pattern in the liver microvasculature were studied ex vivo and the efficacy of leucocyte plugging in tumor blood vessels were analyzed in vivo after superselective intra-arterial injection in mouse liver tumor models.ResultsNeutrophils were characterized by the high dose-dependent uptake and rapid release of doxorubicin. Doxorubicin loading did not affect neutrophil migration function. Neutrophil plugging in liver microvasculature was very high (>90%), both after ex vivo perfusion and after injection in vivo. However, neutrophils as well as activated macrophages plugged insufficiently in tumor blood vessels and passed through the tumor microvasculture with a very low sequestration rate in vivo.ConclusionsNeutrophils possess several properties to function as potentially effective drug carriers; however, the tumour site-specific drug delivery after selective locoregional injection was observed to be insufficient owing to low intratumoural microvascular plugging.
Spindle-related brain activation in patients with insomnia disorder: An EEG-fMRI study
Authors: Shao Yan , Zou Guangyuan , Tabarak Serik , Chen Jie , Gao Xuejiao , Yao Ping , Liu Jiayi , Li Yuezhen , Xiong Nana , Pan Wen , Ma Mengying , Zhou Shuqin , Xu Jing , Ma Yundong , Deng Jiahui , Sun Qiqing , Bao Yanping , Sun Wei , Shi Jie , Zou Qihong , Gao Jia-Hong , Sun Hongqiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sleep spindles have been implicated in sleep protection, depression and anxiety. However, spindle-related brain imaging mechanism underpinning the deficient sleep protection and emotional regulation in insomnia disorder (ID) remains elusive. The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship between spindle-related brain activations and sleep quality, symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with ID. Participants (n = 46, 29 females, 18–60 years) were recruited through advertisements including 16 with ID, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, and 30 matched controls. Group differences in spindle-related brain activations were analyzed using multimodality data acquired with simultaneous electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging during sleep. Compared with controls, patients with ID showed significantly decreased bilateral spindle-related brain activations in the cingulate gyrus (familywise error corrected p ˂ 0.05, cluster size 3834 mm3). Activations in the cingulate gyrus were negatively correlated with Self-Rating Depression Scale scores (r = -0.454, p = 0.002), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale scores (r = -0.362, p = 0.014) and subjective sleep onset latency (r = -0.374, p = 0.010), while positively correlated with subjective total sleep time (r = 0.343, p = 0.020), in the pooled sample. Besides, activations in the cingulate gyrus were negatively correlated with scores on the Self-Rating Depression Scale (r = -0.650, p = 0.006), in the ID group. These findings underscore the key role of spindle-related brain activations in the cingulate gyrus in subjective sleep quality and emotional regulation in ID.
The Effect of Plasmonic Nanoparticles and the Thickness of Anode Interface Layer on the Efficiency Enhancement of Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Ahmadi Neda 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We investigate the effect of nanoparticles (NPs) position on the optical parameters of organic solar cells (OSCs). We change the position of NPs inside the anode interface layer (AIL) and active layer and study the role of NPs position in light transmission, power absorption, short-circuit current density (Jsc), and maximum generation rate. We also use silver (Ag) nanoparticles inside the anode interface layer and investigate the optical parameters. Moreover, we study the role of AIL thickness in light transmission and power absorption. We use finite-different timedomain (FDTD) method for all simulations. This study can be useful for new perspectives and light management in organic solar cells.
Consideration of A Robust Watermarking Algorithm for Color Image Using Improved QR Decomposition
Authors: Nha Phuong Thi , Thanh Ta Minh , Phong Nguyen Tua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to protect the color image copyright protection of the digital multimedia, it is necessary to design a color image watermarking algorithm. To achieve this purpose, an improved color image watermarking scheme based on QR decomposition for color image matrix is proposed in this paper. The proposed method gives a new algorithm to find elements of Q and R matrices instead of using Gram-Schmidt algorithm for QR factorization. First, R matrix is performed by solving a set of linear equations where diagonal elements of R are checked and modified if they are zero or negative. After that, Q matrix is computed based on R matrix. In addition, a novel formula is proposed to improve extracting time where the first element R(1,1) of R matrix is found instead of computing QR decomposition as the previous proposals. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other methods considered in this paper in term of the quality of the watermarked images and the robustness of embedding method. Furthermore, the execution time is significantly improved and the watermark image is more robust under some tested attacks.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Community Structure in Rhizosphere Soil and Colonization in Root of BADH Transgenic Maize BZ-136 and Receptor Parental Maize
Authors: Li Rui , Zeng Xing , Bai Xin , QU JUANJUAN , Wang Zhenhua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) transgenic maize has a capability to grow under drought and salt stress, yet problems remain about the risk of cropping BADH on symbiotic microbes. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the impact of BADH transgenic maize BZ-136 on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization in plant and community structure in rhizosphere soil compared with that of parental maize Zheng58 in neutral and saline-alkaline soil. Microscope observation found that BZ-136 only had a significant effect on AMF colonization at elongation stage. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the AMF taxonomic composition kept consistency at the genus level between transgenic BZ-136 and non-transgenic parental Zheng58. NMDS analysis verified the slight difference in community structure between BZ-136 and Zheng58 presented a agrotype-dependent pattern. AMF community indices showed that BZ-136 had a higher richness at flowering stage in saline-alkaline soil and had a higher diversity at mature stage in neutral soil. Heatmap analysis also illuminated AMF community structure of transgenic maize at species level was similar to that of non-transgenic maize. In summary, cropping transgenic BADH maize has minor or transient effects on AMF colonization and soil AMF community structure, while agrotype have a stronger effect on AMF community structure.
Precisione Treatment for Parvovirus B19 Infection After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: a Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Zhou Xiaohui , Xiaodong Wang , Uet Yu , Xiaoling Zhang , Chunjing Wang , Yu Zhang , Chunlan Yang , Mingjing Luo , Yue Li , Qian Zhang , Zhenhu Lin , Xianping Jiang , Sixi Liu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Cytopenia due to parvovirus B19 (PVB19) infection has rarely been reported in recipients of thalassemia major after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Most of the reported cases were patients undergone solid organ transplantation, especially renal transplant. However, cases of pediatric patients in thalassemia major have rarely been reported. Case presentation: Here we report a girl that had PVB19-induced anemia while undergoing immunosuppressive therapy after transplant. The patient presented with progressive anemia and had a lowest hemoglobin level of 58 g/L. Bone marrow biopsy showed suppress inhibited erythropoiesis with giant pronormoblasts. Next-generation sequencing of peripheral blood suggested the infection of PVB19.The detection of serum PVB19-DNA using quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed a viral load of over 1×108 copies/ml. The hemoglobin level increased to 113 g/L after six courses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. Monitoring of viral load showed PVB19-DNA level remained at a low level for six months before clearance. Pure red cell aplasia was not observed during the treatment period. Conclusions: Our case suggests that timely and adequately diagnosis and treatment against PVB19 with IVIG is effective and may prevent sequential complications in pediatric HSCT recipients.