bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geohistorical dataset of ten plant species introduced into Occitania (France)
Authors: Claudel Morgane , Lerigoleur Emilie , Brun Cécile , Guillerme Sylvie 
Published: October 2021

The original dataset presented here is the result of the first near-exhaustive analysis performed on historical data concerning ten plant species introduced in and around Occitania (south-western France) since 1651. Research was carried out on the following species: Alnus incana, Buddleja davidii, Castanea sativa, Helianthus tuberosus, Impatiens glandulifera, Prunus cerasifera, Prunus laurocerasus, Reynoutria japonica, Robinia pseudoacacia and Spiraea japonica.
The data file contains 199 occurrence data exclusively based on historical observations and records made between 1651 and 2004 and retrieved from 111 of the 640 literary sources consulted. All the records are associated with a year and 61% of them have associated spatial coordinates. Initially the EI2P-VALEEBEE research project focused on the introduction of these species into Occitania (95 occurrences, 47.7%), but mentions found beyond this territory - mainly in metropolitan France - are also reported.
The creation of this dataset involved five stages: (1) selection of species, (2) consultation of historical sources, (3) recording of occurrences in the dataset, (4) dataset standardization/enrichment and Darwin core mapping, (5) data publication. Quality controls were conducted at each step.
The dataset is available on the platform of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) at https://doi.org/10.15468/3kvaeh. It respects the internationally recognized FAIR Data Principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable).
The dataset will be progressively enriched by new data during the EI2P-VALEEBEE research project and future projects on invasive plant species conducted by the team.
Comparative evaluation of interrupted and intermittent forces on canine retraction: an in vivo study
Authors: Jagtap Sneha B. , Bhosale Veera I. , Patil Amol S. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Various force systems are used in orthodontics to move teeth, such as continuous, intermittent and interrupted. Teeth responds differently to these orthodontic forces.
Aims: The aim of the study is to compare the rate of canine retraction with intermittent and interrupted forces.
Materials and Methods: A split mouth study was carried among eighteen participants. One side of maxillary arch randomly received interrupted force with elastomeric powerchain while other received intermittent force with elastics with magnitude of 150-170g for canine retraction on each side. For 15 weeks, participants were asked to wear the elastics 8 hours a day whereas the elastomeric powerchains were replaced by operator every 5 weeks. The outcomes were assessed using scanned images of study models collected at the beginning (T0) and 15 weeks later (T3) as well on OPG. Linear and angular measurements were used to measure the distal movement, rotation as well tipping of canines and the results were statistically analysed using Independent t-test.
Results: The distal movement of canine on the interrupted force side was 0.98mm/5weeks and on the intermittent force side was 1.06mm/5weeks. The distopalatal rotation on interrupted and intermittent force side was 8.38&deg; and 5.72&deg;. Tipping measured on OPG was 5.72&deg; and 5.27&deg; for interrupted and intermittent force. No statistically significant differences were found.
Conclusion: The rate of canine retraction with interrupted force and intermittent force showed no statistically significant differences. Less canine rotation and tipping with intermittent force compared to interrupted force though not statistically significant.
Study of the human liver by ultrasound examination to search for variations of venous anatomy.
Authors: Ain Partha Sarathi , Roy Uttam Kumar , Meyur Rudradev , Chattopadhyay Subhajit 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Knowledge about venous patterns (especially portal and hepatic venous) and their variations are extremely crucial for liver transplantation and other surgical procedures on liver. Studies have been done at national or international level on variations of hepatic venous patterns by CT or MRI or by dissection on cadaveric liver. No definitive or authentic study on this topic could be noted in electronic and print media, as well as in standard textbook. Considering low cost and noninvasive nature, we utilized ultrasonography to bridge this lacuna.
Aim: To estimate prevalence and types of anatomical variations of hepatic venous system and to determine association of among variations.
Materials and methods: It is an observational cross-sectional study where ultrasonographic evaluation of hepatic venous pattern on adult population of either sex (consecutive sampling) without any major liver disorders was done in RG Kar Medical College and data were analyzed with appropriate statistical procedures.
Results: Normal hepatic venous pattern along with normal portal venous pattern is much higher in our study, which is a unique finding. The proportion of normal portal venous pattern is more in extra hepatic bifurcation group. Variations of portal vein and normal hepatic venous pattern are more in case of intrahepatic bifurcation of portal venous branching group. Overall presence of intrahepatic bifurcation of portal vein is significantly higher than extrahepatic bifurcation.
Conclusions: This study provides an updated database for the prevalence and distribution of anatomic variations of the hepatic venous and portal venous system.
Eventi-spettacolo nella cerchia di André de Melo e Castro, ambasciatore portoghese a Roma (1718-1728)
Authors: Fernandes Cristina 
Published: October 2021

Scopo del contributo è lo studio di una serie di «eventi-spettacolo» nella cerchia dell’ambasciatore del Portogallo presso la Santa Sede, André de Melo e Castro, durante il decennio 1718-1728. L’arco temporale considerato ci permette di esaminare le tracce lasciateci dalle performance nelle fonti d’archivio sia in una prospettiva sincronica, a partire da una serie di micro-eventi correlati tra loro, sia in una prospettiva diacronica, attraverso la successione di diversi eventi-spettacolo. L’analisi di queste tracce della performance (musicale, teatrale, coreografica) è la base per una riflessione sulla relazione tra gli spettacoli e la storia socio-politica, tenendo in considerazione somiglianze e differenze con le pratiche culturali dell’aristocrazia romana. Partendo da un quadro più ampio, particolare attenzione sarà data a quegli eventi-spettacolo (cantate, pastorali, commedie all’improvviso, balli ecc.) svoltisi presso il Palazzo Cesarini, residenza dell’aristocratico e diplomatico portoghese al servizio del re Giovanni V.
Hospitalization and Mortality Trends among Patients with Confirmed COVID-19 in the United States, April through August 2020
Authors: Nguyen Jennifer L. , Benigno Michael , Malhotra Deepa , Reimbaeva Maya , Sam Ziphora , Chambers Richard , Hammond Jennifer , Emir Birol 
Published: October 2021

Background The United States has experienced high COVID- 19 case counts, hospitalizations, and death rates. This retrospective analysis reports changing trends in the demographics and clinical outcomes of hospitalized US COVID-19 patients between April and August 2020. Design and methods The Premier Healthcare Database Special Release was used to examine patient demographics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from all US Census Bureau divisions. Demographics included age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Clinical outcomes included in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation. Results Overall, 146,491 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were included (mean [SD] age, 61.0 [18.4] years; 51.7% male; 29.6% White non-Hispanic). Monthly total hospitalizations decreased from 44,854 in April to 18,533 in August; ICU admissions increased from 19.8% to 23.6%, and ventilator use and inpatient mortality decreased from 18.6% to 14.5% and 21.0% to 11.4%, respectively. Inpatient mortality was highest in the Middle Atlantic division (20.3%), followed by the New England (19.0%), East North Central (14.2%), and Mountain (13.7%) divisions. Black non-Hispanic patients were overrepresented among hospitalizations (19.0%); this group comprises 12.2% of the US population. Patients aged <65 years made up 53% of hospitalizations and had lower inpatient mortality than those aged ≥65 years. Conclusions Hospitalizations, ventilator use, and mortality decreased, while ICU admission rates increased from April to August 2020. Older individuals and Black non-Hispanics were found to be at elevated risk of severe outcomes. These trends could inform ongoing patient care and US public health policies to limit the further spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of intravenous paracetamol and ibuprofen on the treatment of tonsillopharyngitis with fever
Authors: Oncel Gizem , Yilmaz Atakan , Sabirli Ramazan , Cimen Yesim Kinaci , Ozen Mert , Seyit Murat , Turkcuer Ibrahim , Cimen Uzeyir 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE:
Tonsillopharyngitis is one of the constituents of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Fever is a URTI symptom requiring treatment due to the occurrence of discomfort and high fever-based complications. This study primarily sets out to observe and compare the efficacy of intravenous administration of paracetamol and ibuprofen drugs on fever in adult patients with tonsillopharyngitis.

METHODS:
This study was performed in a prospective, randomized controlled, double-blind design. The study population was divided as Group 1 (treated with paracetamol) and as Group 2 (treated with ibuprofen). While the first group was treated with paracetamol as 1000 mg in 150 ml normal saline, the second group was treated with ibuprofen as 400 mg in 150 ml normal saline. The primary outcome was the decrease in fever at 15, 30, and 60 min, while the secondary outcome was the need for additional treatment after 60 min.

RESULTS:
One hundred and eighty-five patients were included in the final analysis. The mean age of the paracetamol group (57.4% male) was 28.36 ± 9.6, whereas that of the ibuprofen group (54.9% male) was 27.45 ± 7.98. Fever was reduced significantly between 0 and 60 min in both groups (P ≤ 0.001 and P ≤ 0.001, respectively). Although the antipyretic effect of ibuprofen was more pronounced in the early period than that of paracetamol, no significant difference was noted between the two groups in terms of fever drop between 0 and 60 min (P = 0.350).

CONCLUSION:
Although both drugs prove effective in controlling fever at the 60 min, stronger efficacy of ibuprofen in the first 15 min may enable rapid discharge from the emergency department.
Selective intubation with endotracheal tube introducer in difficult airway
Authors: Özerol Hakan , Şancı Emre , Karakayalı Onur , Aydın Erdem , Halhallı Hüseyin Cahit 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:
Selective lung intubation is a life-saving procedure in emergency departments. While various equipment can be used in selective lung intubation, most of this equipment is not readily available; therefore, single-lumen endotracheal intubations are performed for rapid interventions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was designed as a randomized, prospective, cross-over study using the 90° rotation technique for selective intubation on a manikin model with and without endotracheal tube introducer (ETI) in difficult airway settings. Forty-six emergency physicians were included in the study. The primary outcome was evaluating time to selective intubations, and secondary outcomes were first and second attempt success rates and the self-perceived difficulty level of each method according to the participants.

RESULTS:
The mean time to the first successful endotracheal intubation was significantly longer for both right selective and left selective intubations with ETI utilization than without ([39.71 ± 9.83 vs. 21.86 ± 5.94 s], [P < 0.001]), ([42.2 ± 10.81 vs. 26.23 ± 7.97 s], [P < 0.001], respectively). The first-pass success rate did not differ for right selective intubation with or without an ETI (45/46 [97.8%] and 45/46 [97.8%], respectively). However, the first-pass success rate for left selective intubation was significantly higher with ETI as compared to without an ETI (30/46 [65.2%] and 13/46 [28.3%], respectively) (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
While the success rates of right selective intubation were the same, the left selective intubation success rates with ETI are higher than the styletted endotracheal tube, which can be strong evidence for this method's applicability in practice. Expanding the use of ETI and increasing the experience of the practitioners can contribute to further success.
CXCR4 is a valuable poor prognostic marker for chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Asfour Inas , Elsalakawy Walaa A. , Sallam Mohamed T.H. , Razzaz Mostafa K.El 
Published: October 2021

Background
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is one of the common chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (lymphoid neoplasms). It is characterized by a progressive accumulation of functionally incompetent lymphocytes, which are usually monoclonal in origin. CLL is a heterogeneous disease; thus, in some cases, the disease progresses so slowly that treatment is not required, but in others, a more aggressive form of the disease develops. CXCR4 (CD184) is a chemokine and chemokine receptor pair playing critical roles in tumor genesis. It is overexpressed in many hematological malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and generally correlates with a poor prognosis.

Aim
To evaluate the clinical utility of CXCR4 expression in patients with CLL as a possible predictor of disease outcome.

Patients and methods
This is a prospective study conducted on 33 adult patients with newly diagnosed CLL. Expression of CXCR4 was determined by flow cytometry on either peripheral blood or bone marrow samples. Correlation with the course of the disease and the known CLL prognostic parameters was done initially and after 6 months of follow-up.

Results
CXCR4 expression was positively correlated with absolute lymphocytic count, Rai score, β2 microglobulin, and lactate dehydrogenase levels. It was negatively correlated with hemoglobin and platelet counts, overall response rate, and 6-month disease-free survival.

Conclusion
We conclude that CXCR4 is a valuable poor prognostic marker for CLL. Its higher level of expression is associated with inferior response to therapy and lower disease-free survival.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of neuron-glial antigen 2 expression in adult acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Gawaly Amr M. , Elkholy Rasha A. , Hagag Rasha Y. , Abd El-Lateef Amal E. , Allam Alzahraa A. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by a block in differentiation of hematopoiesis, resulting in growth of a clonal population of neoplastic cells or blasts. Neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2) is not expressed by normal hematopoietic stem cells but expressed on blast cells in adult AML. NG2 has been incorporated in diagnostic panels for immunophenotyping of leukemic patients because of its positive predictive value for Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) rearrangements.

Aims
To assess NG2 expression in adult patients with AML and its correlation with disease-free survival.

Patients and methods
A total of 60 patients were divided into two groups: 40 newly diagnosed patients with AML and 20 patients diagnosed as having hypersplenism used as a control group. Leukemic patients were diagnosed on the basis of clinical presentation, morphological and cytochemical examination of peripheral blood and bone marrow smears, as well as immunophenotyping criteria for diagnosis of AML. NG2 expression was evaluated in the two groups using flow cytometry.

Results
No significant differences were found in both age and sex in different patient groups. NG2 expression in the patient group versus control group showed a statistically significant difference. There was no statistically significant difference regarding complete blood count, lactate dehydrogenase, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, as well as blast percentage in the peripheral blood and in the bone marrow on comparing NG2-positive group and NG2-negative group. There is a significant increase in disease-free survival and overall survival in the negative NG2 expression than in the positive NG2 expression group (P=0.043).

Conclusion
NG2 expression has a major role in the outcome of patients with AML. NG2 expression analysis can be used as a prognostic marker in newly diagnosed patients with AML. NG2 could be a target for therapy by using anti-NG2 antibody in a subset of patients with AML who do not respond to conventional therapy.
Effect of Charlson comorbidity index on vascular events and survival in Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Ahmed Shimaa A. , Aly Mai M. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Thromboembolic events and bleeding episodes are the main complications of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Comorbidity is a well-known independent prognostic factor for patients with cancer that affects overall survival.

Aim
Our aim is to detect comorbidities among patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPNs and to study how comorbidities affect survival and vascular events.

Patients and methods
A total of 190 patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPNs were diagnosed between January 2014 and December 2018 in South Valley and Assiut University Hospitals. Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was applied to evaluate patients. Median age was 57.5 years (range, 20–85). Overall, 50 (26.3%) patients had no comorbidities (low), 83 (43.7%) had a CCI 1–2 (moderate), and 57 (30%) had a CCI more than 2 (severe).

Results
There were no significant differences between patients with CCI less than 2 and patients with CCI more than or equal to 2 regarding sex, splenomegaly, white blood cell count, platelet count, and JAK II positivity. Significantly older ages (64.7±9 vs. 50.8±9, P<0.001), lower hemoglobin (5±12.3 vs. 14.6±5, P=0.046), and higher lactate dehydrogenase (P=0.004) were detected in patients with CCI more than or equal to 2. A significant association regarding pruritus and erythromelalgia was found among patients who had CCI more than or equal to 2 compared with patients with CCI less than 2 (P=0.038 and 0.025, respectively). Thrombosis was more frequent with CCI more than or equal to 2 (P<0.001) as well as bleeding (P=0.042). Overall survival and progression-free survival differed significantly between the different CCI groups (P≤0.001 and 0.003, respectively).

Conclusion
In conclusion, comorbidity has a negative prognostic effect on patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPNs, which might elicit to be incorporated into prognostic models, with larger prospective studies needed for validation.
Comparison of personality profile of prison criminals in the Yasooj Central Penitentiary and noncriminals based on 16 personality factors
Authors: Moghanloo Mahnaz 
Published: October 2021

Aims:
The study was conducted to examine the personality profile of prisoners in the Yasooj Central Penitentiary (YCP) according to Cattell's 16 Personality Factors (PFs) Model.

Settings and Design:
In doing so, 50 prisoners were selected from among all 20–35-year-old male prisoners at YCP. Moreover, 50 people were selected from the nonprison community to match with the prisoner group.

Subjects and Methods:
In a causal–comparative study, both groups were matched and were evaluated using two questionnaires: demographic information and Cattell's 16-PF questionnaires.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The statistical method used to predict the distinguishing personality traits of the two groups, prisoners and nonprisoners, was discriminant analysis.

Results:
The results indicated that from among Cattell's 16 factors, only 7 factors in the two groups were discriminant and predicting crime: Conservative, sober, expedient, self-control, imaginative, reserved, and tough mindedness.

Conclusions:
According to the results, 16 main factors of personality have the ability to predict crime.
A review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu Ibrahim , Ibrahim Halima Umar , Idris Umma , Akhiwu Helen , Ibrahim Umma Abdulsalam , Mohammed Ismail Inuwa , Michael Godpower Chinedu 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Severe malaria is a major public health challenge and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical countries. Severe malaria is defined as life-threatening manifestation in the presence of asexual forms of Plasmodium falciparum in the peripheral blood; it is also caused by Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi.

Materials and Methods:
This was a 2-year point retrospective review of cases of severe malaria seen in the Emergency Pediatric Unit of Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kudu, Jigawa state, between August and November, for each of the years 2016 and 2017.

Results:
Two hundred and fifty-seven cases of severe malaria were recorded during the study period: 106 (41.2%) cases in 2016 and 151 (58.8%) cases in 2017. There were 156 (60.7%) males and 101 (39.3%) females with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1. Their ages ranged from 0.3 to 14.0 years, with a mean age of 4.4 ± 3.6 years. Prostration was the most common form of severe disease; this was followed by multiple convulsion and severe malarial anemia. The year 2017 recorded more cases of severe malaria in all the age groups and majority of the cases were 5 years and below; and these observations were statistically significant for those with hypoglycemia (χ
2 = 9.834, df = 2, P = 0.007) and hyperparasitemia (χ
2 = 6.226, df = 2, P = 0.044). Majority of the subjects fitted with more than one form of severe malaria; most had two to three combinations. This observation was also statistically significant (χ
2 = 12.950, df = 6, P = 0.042).

Conclusion:
Severe malaria remains a huge strain on the health system; prostration, multiple convulsion, and severe malaria anemia are the most common forms.
Assessment of African Blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon) Population Structure in Kilwa District, Tanzania
Authors: Nyomora Agnes M.S. , Washa Washa B. , Nnungu Stephen I. 
Published: October 2021

Overharvesting and limited conservation efforts have posed a serious threat to future availability of Dalbergia melanoxylon in Tanzania in recent years. The study was conducted between 2018 and 2020 covering Mitarure Forest Reserve (MFR) and 2 surrounding community forests of Ngea and Nambawala in Kilwa District. The purpose of the study was to assess the existing population status of the species in Tanzania. A total of 36 circular plots in Mitarure and 15 plots in each community forest were laid down. Data were recorded for the number of stems per plot, and then converted on per hectare basis where the basal area and densities per hectare were calculated. Data was disaggregated into 5 Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) generated distribution classes ranging from DBH 0 to more than 45 cm. The results revealed that, there was a contrast between the Mitarure Forest Reserve and community forests in terms of individual number of trees per unit area, basal area and densities. The numbers of stems per hectare for the species were found to be 16, 10 and 8 stems/ha in Mitarure, Ngea and Nambawala forest, respectively. Dalbergia melanoxylon in Mitarure forest was normally distributed. The respective basal area was over 80 m2 per ha in Nambawala against over 60 in MFR and Ngea. The results suggest success of the communities in conserving the species after previous overharvest. Authorities should frequently visit forests to increase the population of the species and reduce unauthorised harvesting.
Keywords: Dalbegia melanoxylon, Population structure, Mitarure forest reserve, Ngea and Nambawala community forests.