bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Clinically Meaningful Gait Speed Response to Caloric Restriction Among Older Adults Participating in Weight Loss Interventions
Authors: Tse KaKi , Neiberg Rebecca H , Beavers Daniel P , Kritchevsky Stephen B , Nicklas Barbara J , Kitzman Dalane W , Rejeski W Jack , Messier Stephen P , Beavers Kristen M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to examine whether select baseline characteristics influenced the likelihood of an overweight/obese, older adult experiencing a clinically meaningful gait speed response (±0.05 m/s) to caloric restriction (CR).

Methods
Individual level data from 1 188 older adults participating in 8, 5/6-month, weight loss interventions were pooled, with treatment arms collapsed into CR (n = 667) or no CR (NoCR; n = 521) categories. Exercise assignment was equally distributed across groups (CR: 65.3% vs NoCR: 65.4%) and did not interact with CR (p = .88). Poisson risk ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) were used to examine whether CR assignment interacted with select baseline characteristic subgroups: age (≥65 years), sex (female/male), race (Black/White), body mass index (BMI; ≥35 kg/m2), comorbidity (diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease) status (yes/no), gait speed (&lt;1.0 m/s), or inflammatory burden (C-reactive protein ≥3 mg/L, interleukin-6 ≥2.5 pg/mL) to influence achievement of ±0.05 m/s fast-paced gait speed change. Main effects were also examined.

Results
The study sample (69.5% female, 80.1% White) was 67.6 ± 5.3 years old with a BMI of 33.8 ± 4.4 kg/m2. Average weight loss achieved in the CR versus NoCR group was −8.3 ± 5.9% versus −1.1 ± 3.8%; p &lt; .01. No main effect of CR was observed on the likelihood of achieving a clinically meaningful gait speed improvement (risk ratio [RR]: 1.09 [95% CI: 0.93, 1.27]) or gait speed decrement (RR: 0.77 [95% CI: 0.57, 1.04]). Interaction effects were nonsignificant across all subgroups.

Conclusion
The proportion of individuals experiencing a clinically meaningful gait speed change was similar for CR and NoCR conditions. This finding is consistent across several baseline subgroupings.
A Hybrid High-Order method for incompressible flows of non-Newtonian fluids with power-like convective behaviour
Authors: Castanon Quiroz Daniel , Di Pietro Daniele A , Harnist André 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, we design and analyse a Hybrid High-Order (HHO) discretization method for incompressible flows of non-Newtonian fluids with power-like convective behaviour. We work under general assumptions on the viscosity and convection laws, which are associated with possibly different Sobolev exponents $r\in (1,\infty )$ and $s\in (1,\infty )$. After providing a novel weak formulation of the continuous problem, we study its well-posedness highlighting how a subtle interplay between the exponents $r$ and $s$ determines the existence and uniqueness of a solution. We next design an HHO scheme based on this weak formulation, and perform a comprehensive stability and convergence analysis, including convergence for general data and error estimates for shear-thinning fluids and small data. The HHO scheme is validated on a complete panel of model problems.
Conflict Contagion: How Interdependence Shapes Patterns of Conflict and Cooperation in Polycentric Systems
Authors: McLaughlin Danielle M , Mewhirter Jack M , Lubell Mark 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this article, we bridge and extend concepts from behavioral game theory and the Ecology of Games Theory of Polycentricity (EGT) to test possible mechanisms for conflict contagion across the array of actors and policy forums that constitute a polycentric governance system. We argue that actors who experience conflict in one forum will develop similar strategies in other forums, which then impacts the level of conflict exhibited in within-forum interactions. This behavioral spillover of conflict is a different mechanism than conflict that might be experienced when two forums are addressing the same policy issue(s), which may be characterized by higher or lower levels of conflict. We use survey data collected in the Tampa Bay (FL) and California Delta (CA) water governance systems to examine conflict contagion across forums. Using a series of spatial autoregressive models, we find evidence that co-membership networks serve as a conduit for conflict contagion among forums. Our results show that forum deliberations can be strongly impacted by interactions from other institutions and processes. Consistent with the idea of path dependence, “new” forums are not necessarily independent of the forums they replace, but rather, preexisting levels of conflict and cooperation may constrain available outcomes.
Reading Creativity Forwards and Backwards: Process and Product Revisited with Herbert Von Karajan’s Legato Aesthetic and Hypermasculinity
Authors: Behan Adam 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
One issue central to research in musical performance studies concerns the notion of musical product and process. Most empirical studies of recorded music focus on products in the sense that they begin with finished articles—i.e. recordings—and work backwards. Similar observations can be made about score-based analytical research and—to a lesser extent—practice-based approaches. Several musicologists have challenged this recently and highlighted the neglect of creative processes in musicology and music performance studies, often by pursuing ethnographic studies of rehearsals. Building on this rethinking, this article considers the potential of merging the values of such ethnographic studies with techniques of performance analysis. In it, I pursue a case study of Herbert von Karajan’s 1965 rehearsal and performance of Robert Schumann’s Symphony No. 4 in D minor, Op. 120 with the Wiener Symphoniker. I critique what I call Karajan’s hypermasculinity in the film, assess how his legato aesthetic takes shape over the rehearsal, and analyse how both of these things come together in the subsequent performance of Schumann’s symphony.
TOI-2285b: A 1.7 Earth-radius planet near the habitable zone around a nearby M dwarf
Authors: Fukui Akihiko , Kimura Tadahiro , Hirano Teruyuki , Narita Norio , Kodama Takanori , Hori Yasunori , Ikoma Masahiro , Pallé Enric , Murgas Felipe , Parviainen Hannu , Kawauchi Kiyoe , Mori Mayuko , Esparza-Borges Emma , Bieryla Allyson , Irwin Jonathan , Safonov Boris S , Stassun Keivan G , Alvarez-Hernandez Leticia , Béjar Víctor J S , Casasayas-Barris Núria , Chen Guo , Crouzet Nicolas , de Leon Jerome P , Isogai Keisuke , Kagetani Taiki , Klagyivik Peter , Korth Judith , Kurita Seiya , Kusakabe Nobuhiko , Livingston John , Luque Rafael , Madrigal-Aguado Alberto , Morello Giuseppe , Nishiumi Taku , Orell-Miquel Jaume , Oshagh Mahmoudreza , Sánchez-Benavente Manuel , Stangret Monika , Terada Yuka , Watanabe Noriharu , Zou Yujie , Tamura Motohide , Kurokawa Takashi , Kuzuhara Masayuki , Nishikawa Jun , Omiya Masashi , Vievard Sébastien , Ueda Akitoshi , Latham David W , Quinn Samuel N , Strakhov Ivan S , Belinski Alexandr A , Jenkins Jon M , Ricker George R , Seager Sara , Vanderspek Roland , Winn Joshua N , Charbonneau David , Ciardi David R , Collins Karen A , Doty John P , Bachelet Etienne , Harbeck Daniel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We report the discovery of TOI-2285b, a sub-Neptune-sized planet transiting a nearby (42 pc) M dwarf with a period of 27.3 d. We identified the transit signal from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometric data, which we confirmed with ground-based photometric observations using the multiband imagers MuSCAT2 and MuSCAT3. Combining these data with other follow-up observations including high-resolution spectroscopy with the Tillinghast Reflector Echelle Spectrograph, high-resolution imaging with the SPeckle Polarimeter, and radial velocity (RV) measurements with the InfraRed Doppler instrument, we find that the planet has a radius of $1.74 \pm 0.08\, R_\oplus$, a mass of $\lt \!\!19.5\,M_\oplus$ ($95\%$ c.l.), and an insolation flux of 1.54 ± 0.14 times that of the Earth. Although the planet resides just outside the habitable zone for a rocky planet, if the planet harbors an H2O layer under a hydrogen-rich atmosphere, then liquid water could exist on the surface of the H2O layer depending on the planetary mass and water mass fraction. The bright host star in the near-infrared (Ks = 9.0) makes this planet an excellent target for further RV and atmospheric observations to improve our understanding of the composition, formation, and habitability of sub-Neptune-sized planets.
Nobeyama 45 m Local Spur CO survey. I. Giant molecular filaments and cluster formation in the Vulpecula OB association
Authors: Kohno Mikito , Nishimura Atsushi , Fujita Shinji , Tachihara Kengo , Onishi Toshikazu , Tokuda Kazuki , Fukui Yasuo , Miyamoto Yusuke , Ueda Shota , Kiridoshi Ryosuke , Tsutsumi Daichi , Torii Kazufumi , Minamidani Tetsuhiro , Saigo Kazuya , Handa Toshihiro , Sano Hidetoshi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We have performed new large-scale 12CO, 13CO, and C18O J = 1–0 observations toward the Vulpecula OB association (l ∼ 60°) as part of the Nobeyama 45 m Local Spur CO survey project. Molecular clouds are distributed over ∼100 pc, with local peaks at the Sh 2-86, Sh 2-87, and Sh 2-88 high-mass star-forming regions in the Vulpecula complex. The molecular gas is associated with the Local Spur, which corresponds to the nearest inter-arm region located between the Local Arm and the Sagittarius Arm. We discovered new giant molecular filaments (GMFs) in Sh 2-86, with a length of ∼30 pc, width of ∼5 pc, and molecular mass of $\sim\!\! 4 \times 10^4\, M_{\odot }$. We also found that Sh 2-86 contains the three velocity components at 22, 27, and 33 km s−1. These clouds and GMFs are likely to be physically associated with Sh 2-86 because they have high 12CO J = 2–1 to J = 1–0 intensity ratios and coincide with the infrared dust emission. The open cluster NGC 6823 exists at the common intersection of these clouds. We argue that the multiple cloud interaction scenario, including GMFs, can explain cluster formation in the Vulpecula OB association.
What’s mine is yours: the joint interest exception to legal professional privilege in Lambie Trustee Limited v Addleman
Authors: Barber Simon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In Lambie Trustee Limited v Addleman, New Zealand’s Supreme Court sided with international authority in finding that trustees generally cannot assert legal professional privilege against beneficiaries to resist disclosure. The Court held that trustees and beneficiaries share a joint interest in trustees’ legal advice because courts will assume such advice is for the benefit of beneficiaries. Joint interest will cease when this is no longer true. Most often, this will occur when a beneficiary files proceedings against a trustee. The difficulty, however, will be telling when correspondence alchemizes into an adverse claim before any proceedings are filed.
Clinical manifestations, laboratory profile and outcomes of dengue virus infection in hospitalised older patients
Authors: Ng Wei Yao , Ngim Chin Fang , Chow Kuan Yee , Goh Sarah Xiu Ming , Zaid Masliza , Dhanoa Amreeta 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Due to an ageing population, dengue among older patients is encountered more frequently in many countries. Our study aimed to explore the clinico-laboratory parameters and outcomes among dengue-infected older patients in comparison with younger patients.

Methods
This retrospective chart review involved dengue patients with dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen positivity admitted to a tertiary hospital in Malaysia from January to July 2015. A comparison was made between older people (aged ≥60 y) and others.

Results
Among 406 dengue patients, 43 (10.6%) were older people. Older dengue patients were less likely to present with persistent vomiting (adjusted OR [AOR] 0.247, 95% CI 0.093 to 0.656, p=0.005), while restlessness and confusion were more common at presentation (AOR 3.356, 95% CI 1.024 to 11.003, p=0.046). Older patients had significantly lower albumin upon admission (38 vs 40 g/L, p=0.036) and during hospital stay (35 vs 37 g/L, p=0.015). Compared with younger patients, older patients were more likely to have experienced nadir platelet counts of &lt;50×109/L (AOR 2.897, 95% CI to 1.176 to 7.137, p=0.021). They were also more likely to require an extended hospital stay (AOR 3.547, 95% CI 1.575 to 7.986, p=0.002).

Conclusions
Diagnosis of dengue in older people may be challenging because of atypical presentations. Increased vigilance is necessary as there is an increased tendency to develop severe thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia and prolonged hospitalisation in older people.
The association of Behçet's syndrome with HLA-B51 as understood in 2021
Authors: Takeno Mitsuhiro 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
To discuss clinical and pathogenic roles of HLA-B∗51 in Behçet's syndrome.

Recent findings
HLA-B∗51 remains the most important genetic factor in Behçet's syndrome, despite the recent identification of several susceptibility genes. The prevalence of HLA-B∗51 has been shown to differ among phenotype-based clinical clusters in the same patient population. HLA-B∗51 shows epistatic interaction with the susceptible allele of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP)1 encoding the Hap10 allotype, which has the lowest trimming activity of the MHC-Class I binding peptides. Subsequent molecular studies have suggested that the disease-associated Hap10 allotype is implicated in the generation and selection of the disease protective or promoting peptides loading onto HLA-B∗51, although these pathogenic peptides have yet to be identified.

Summary
HLA-B∗51 is a hallmark of Behçet's syndrome but genetic markers are not very useful in the diagnosis of Behçet's syndrome. Rather, it is considered an important factor in determining clinical phenotypes in this heterogeneous condition. The epigenetic interaction of HLA-B∗51 with ERAP1 sheds light on pathogenesis.
Narrative Review of Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Medications for Venous Thromboembolism Prevention in Spine Surgery
Authors: Louie Philip K. , Urakawa Hikari , Manzur Mustfa K. , Craig Chad M. , Qureshi Sheeraz A. 
Published: October 2021

Study Design:
This was a narrative review.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to identify commonly utilized venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylactic measures, spine surgeon perspective, and provide pharmacologic recommendations from the literature.

Summary of Background Data:
Considered a preventable cause of morbidity and mortality, VTE remains an important iatrogenic diagnosis of concern. Reported rates of VTE following spine surgery vary widely (0.3%–31.0%).

Materials and Methods:
A MEDLINE query identified literature reporting on VTE prevention and outcomes in the setting of spine surgery. Findings extracted from the included articles were summarized in a narrative review format to identify salient aspects of the current literature.

Results:
Sixty articles were summarized. Many anticoagulation medications that are described in the literature target factors involved in the coagulation cascade common pathway including aspirin and other antiplatelet medications, heparins, and warfarin. Newer direct inhibitors of thrombin and factor Xa are now being utilized for VTE prevention, although with limited use specifically in spine surgery.

Conclusions:
Perioperative management of antiplatelet and anticoagulation medications in spine surgery requires evidence-based protocols that can account for patient comorbidities and surgery-specific features. Future studies should prospectively focus on establishing stronger recommendations based on pathology, surgical indications, patient comorbidities, region of the spine, and broad surgical intervention to enable effective prophylaxis for VTE.

Level of Evidence:
Level II.
Ecthyma Gangrenosum in Children With Cancer: Diagnosis at a Glance: A Retrospective Study From the Infection Working Group of Italian Pediatric Hematology Oncology Association
Authors: Muggeo Paola , Zama Daniele , Decembrino Nunzia , Onofrillo Daniela , Frenos Stefano , Colombini Antonella , Perruccio Katia , Calore Elisabetta , Giurici Nagua , Ficara Monica , La Spina Milena , Mura Rosamaria , De Santis Raffaella , Santoro Nicola , Cesaro Simone 
Published: October 2021

Background:To depict ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) clinical presentation and evolution in a large multicenter pediatric retrospective collection of children with malignancies or bone marrow failure syndromes, to facilitate early diagnosis.Methods:EG episodes diagnosed in the period 2009–2019 were identified by a retrospective review of clinical charts at centers belonging to the Italian Pediatric Hematology Oncology Association.Results:Thirty-eight cases of EG occurring in children (male/female 16/22; median age 5.2 years) with hematologic malignancy (29), allogeneic stem cell transplantation (2) or relapsed/refractory solid tumor (3) were collected. The involved sites were: perineal region (19), limbs (10), trunk (6), head and the iliac crest (3). Bacteremia was present in 22 patients. Overall, the germs isolated werePseudomonas aeruginosa(30),Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(3) andEscherichia coli(1); 31% of them were multidrug-resistant. All patients received antibacterial treatment, while surgery was performed in 24 patients (63.1%). Predisposing underlying conditions for EG were severe neutropenia (97.3%), corticosteroid treatment (71%) and iatrogenic diabetes (23.7%). All patients recovered, but EG recurred in 5 patients. Nine patients (24%) showed sequelae (deep scars, with muscle atrophy in 2). Four patients (10.5%) died, 1 due to relapse of EG with Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae co-infection and 3 due to the progression of the underlying disease.Conclusions:EG requires early recognition and a proper and timely treatment to obtain the recovery and to avoid larger necrotic lesions, eventually evolving in scarring sequelae.
The Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 on Children With Liver Diseases
Authors: Nicastro Emanuele , Ebel Noelle H. , Kehar Mohit , Czubkowski Piotr , Ng Vicky L. , Michaels Marian G. , Lobritto Steven J. , Martinez Mercedes , Indolfi Giuseppe 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTChildren are seldom affected by severe forms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS‐CoV2) infection; however, the impact of comorbidities in the clinical presentation and outcome of SARS‐CoV2 in children is poorly characterized including that of chronic liver disease (CLD) and those taking immunosuppressive medications for autoimmune liver disease or following liver transplantation (LT). Although not the main target organ, a spectrum of liver involvement has been described in children infected with SARS‐CoV2 and those presenting with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS‐C). The Hepatology Committee of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation (SPLIT) present an evidence‐based position paper on liver involvement in children with SARS‐CoV2 infection and its impact on those with CLD as well as LT recipients. All children may exhibit acute liver injury from SARS‐CoV2 infection, and those with CLD and may experience hepatic decompensation. Preventative and therapeutic measures are discussed.
Evaluation and Perception of Clinical Pharmacist Participation in a Rapid Response Team During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: McGinnis Cory , Kim Catherine , Qureshi Abdullah , Scholle Carol , Ramanan Raj 
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives:
The addition of a pharmacist to rapid response teams (RRT) has been shown to improve adherence to advanced cardiac life support protocols and to decrease mortality. A quality improvement study was initiated at a single center to evaluate the addition of a pharmacist to the RRT during cardiopulmonary arrest.

Methods:
Data were prospectively collected on pharmacy response time and interventions performed. In addition, a pre- and post-intervention survey of the interprofessional medical emergency response improvement team (MERIT) was performed to assess the perception of pharmacist involvement.

Results:
From April to November 2019, the pharmacists responded to 19 RRT activations for cardiopulmonary arrest. An average of 29.8 minutes were spent at each event and an average of 5.5 interventions per event were made. The most common intervention made by pharmacists was medication procurement (54 interventions), followed by providing drug information (14 interventions). Pharmacists also ensured medication reimbursement (13 interventions). The majority of the MERIT strongly agreed or agreed that the addition of a pharmacist to RRT activations improved teamwork (83.1%), decreased medication turnaround time (84.6%), decreased medication errors (66.7%), and may have prevented a poor outcome (71.8%) in the post-implementation survey.

Conclusion:
Overall, pharmacists demonstrated value as a member of the RRT during cardiopulmonary arrest. The addition of a pharmacist was well received by interprofessional members of the MERIT.
COVID-19 Vaccination Mandates and Vaccine Uptake
Authors: Karaivanov Alexander , Kim Dongwoo , Lu Shih En , Shigeoka Hitoshi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe evaluate the impact of government-mandated proof of vaccination requirements for access to public venues and non-essential businesses on COVID-19 vaccine uptake. We find that the announcement of a mandate is associated with a rapid and significant surge in new vaccinations (more than 60% increase in weekly first doses), using the variation in the timing of these measures across Canadian provinces in a difference-in-differences approach. Time-series analysis for each province and for France, Italy and Germany corroborates this finding. Counterfactual simulations using our estimates suggest the following cumulative gains in the vaccination rate among the eligible population (age 12 and over) as of October 31, 2021: up to 5 percentage points (p.p.) (90% CI 3.9–5.8) for Canadian provinces, adding up to 979,000 (425,000-1,266,000) first doses in total for Canada (5 to 13 weeks after the provincial mandate announcements), 8 p.p. (4.3–11) for France (16 weeks post-announcement), 12 p.p. (5–15) for Italy (14 weeks post-announcement) and 4.7 p.p. (4.1–5.1) for Germany (11 weeks post-announcement).