bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships among sex, empowerment, workplace bullying and job turnover intention of new graduate nurses
Authors: Favaro Aaron , Wong Carol , Oudshoorn Abe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was twofold: examine the relationships among new graduate nurses’ (NGNs) structural empowerment, experience of workplace bullying, and their job turnover intention and assess the relationships between sex, workplace bullying, and job turnover intention.BackgroundNursing research has highlighted the issue of workplace bullying and its negative impacts. Despite increased awareness, male nurses and their responses to bullying have not been a significant focus of study.DesignA secondary analysis of data collected from a random sample of 1008 Canadian NGNs from the following: Starting Out: A time‐lagged Study of New Graduate Nurses’ Transition to Practice.MethodsAll data were analysed using SPSS, and the study model was tested using the SPSS PROCESS macro, specifically Model 4 (for simple mediation). This paper is compliant with the STROBE reporting guideline for cross‐sectional studies.ResultsStructural empowerment significantly predicted workplace bullying and job turnover intention. Workplace bullying significantly predicted job turnover intention. Structural empowerment mediated job turnover intention through workplace bullying. Male new graduate nurses reported significantly higher workplace bullying than female NGNs yet lower job turnover intention.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate the positive effects of structural empowerment on both decreasing workplace bullying and job turnover intention. Furthermore, findings showed the influence of sex on workplace bullying and job turnover intention. The findings contribute to literature on male NGNs and suggest that they experience significantly higher rates of workplace bullying than their female counterparts. The findings suggest differences exist in the workplace experience for male and female NGNs that future research may help reveal.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe findings suggest structural empowerment may be used to reduce bullying prevalence and reduce job turnover intention consequently. The findings also suggest that some measures are needed to address the higher frequency of bullying experienced by male NGNs.
Treatment Fidelity: What It Is and Why It Matters
Authors: Sanetti Lisa M. H. , Cook Bryan G. , Cook Lysandra 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTreatment fidelity refers to the extent to which an intervention is implemented as planned. If researchers do not assess and report treatment fidelity, or if treatment fidelity is shown to be low, findings from intervention studies are difficult to interpret, because the intervention may not have been implemented as planned. In this article, our aim is to inform research consumers by discussing treatment fidelity and its primary dimensions, providing guidelines for interpreting treatment fidelity, considering implications of treatment fidelity for research and practice, and illustrating how fidelity is reported in two recent studies. Our take‐home message is that when one is interpreting intervention studies, it is important to consider whether the interventions were applied as planned, or with fidelity.
Population genetics reveals global and regional history of the apex predator Galeocerdocuvier (carcharhiniformes) with comments on mitigating shark attacks in north‐eastern brazil
Authors: Andrade Flávia R.S. , Afonso André S. , Hazin Fábio H.V. , Mendonça Fernando F. , Torres Rodrigo A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe knowledge of the population structure of a given species is of great importance for its conservation and for the management of its fishing exploitation, especially for sharks. The tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier Péron&Lesueur, 1822) is an apex predator species that is currently listed as “Near Threatened” on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature's (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. In this study, the tiger shark's genetic structure in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (MRR) and oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (FN) was investigated based on one mitochondrial and two nuclear DNA markers. In addition, sequenced data from other geographic sites were added into the mitochondrial analysis. The data showed moderate‐to‐high genetic diversity, and it is consistent with good resilience of G. cuvier in ecological terms. The structuring tests reinforced a global distinction of the species in two lineages, one being from the Indo‐Pacific and the other from the North Atlantic. Also, this analysis showed the close relationship between tiger sharks from Indo‐Pacific and South‐eastern coast of Brazil. The Bayesian and AMOVA tests indicated that tiger sharks from FN and MRR are genetically similar, forming a cohesive population. These analyses support live specimen translocations from beaches (where the attacks occur) to distant marine areas given we detected a historical cohesive population occurring between those beaches from MRR and FN Islands where the sharks migrate. This research is the first that has validated individual translocations as a green strategy in South‐western Atlantic.
Disseminated cryptococcosis and anti‐granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor autoantibodies: An underappreciated association
Authors: Viola George M. , Malek Alexandre E. , Rosen Lindsey B. , DiNardo Andrew R. , Nishiguchi Tomoki , Okhuysen Pablo C. , Holland Steven M. , Kontoyiannis Dimitrios P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe development of disseminated cryptococcosis has historically occurred in patients living with advanced human immunodeficiency virus or other immunosuppressive conditions affecting T‐cell function. Recently, patients with anti‐cytokine neutralising autoantibodies have been recognised to be at risk for disseminated infections by opportunistic intracellular pathogens, including Cryptococcus species. Herein, we present a previously healthy 26‐year‐old man who was evaluated with disseminated cryptococcosis involving the bone, lung, mediastinum and brain. The patient's serum cryptococcal antigen titres were >1:1,100,000, and evaluation for an underlying immunodeficiency revealed high titres for anti‐granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) autoantibodies. We also review the literature of all published cases of disseminated cryptococcosis associated with the presence of anti‐GM‐CSF autoantibodies. Clinicians should have a heightened awareness of anti‐cytokine autoantibodies in patients without a known immunodeficiency and development disseminated infections by opportunistic intracellular pathogens.
The Arabidopsis condensin CAP‐D subunits arrange interphase chromatin
Authors: Municio Celia , Antosz Wojciech , Grasser Klaus D. , Kornobis Etienne , Van Bel Michiel , Eguinoa Ignacio , Coppens Frederik , Bräutigam Andrea , Lermontova Inna , Bruckmann Astrid , Zelkowska Katarzyna , Houben Andreas , Schubert Veit 
Published: January 2021

Summary

Condensins are best known for their role in shaping chromosomes. Other functions such as organizing interphase chromatin and transcriptional control have been reported in yeasts and animals, but little is known about their function in plants.

To elucidate the specific composition of condensin complexes and the expression of CAP‐D2 (condensin I) and CAP‐D3 (condensin II), we performed biochemical analyses in Arabidopsis. The role of CAP‐D3 in interphase chromatin organization and function was evaluated using cytogenetic and transcriptome analysis in cap‐d3 T‐DNA insertion mutants.

CAP‐D2 and CAP‐D3 are highly expressed in mitotically active tissues. In silico and pull‐down experiments indicate that both CAP‐D proteins interact with the other condensin I and II subunits. In cap‐d3 mutants, an association of heterochromatic sequences occurs, but the nuclear size and the general histone and DNA methylation patterns remain unchanged. Also, CAP‐D3 influences the expression of genes affecting the response to water, chemicals, and stress.

The expression and composition of the condensin complexes in Arabidopsis are similar to those in other higher eukaryotes. We propose a model for the CAP‐D3 function during interphase in which CAP‐D3 localizes in euchromatin loops to stiffen them and consequently separates centromeric regions and 45S rDNA repeats.
New concepts in pediatric rhinitis
Authors: Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Aggelides Xenophon , Stamataki Sofia , Prokopakis Emmanuel , Katotomichelakis Michael , Xepapadaki Paraskevi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRhinitis—and especially allergic rhinitis (AR)—remains the most frequent hypersensitivity condition, affecting up to a quarter of the population and impacting the quality of life of individual patients and the health economy. Data, especially with respect to underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, mainly derive from studies on adults and are subsequently extrapolated to the pediatric population. Therapeutic algorithms for children with rhinitis are long based on the same principles as in adults. We explore and describe novel aspects of rhinitis, ranging from mechanisms to disease classification, phenotypes, diagnostic and monitoring tools, and the use of treatments, with a focus on the traits of pediatric age groups.
Neonatal jaundice, phototherapy and childhood allergic diseases: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kuniyoshi Yasutaka , Tsujimoto Yasushi , Banno Masahiro , Taito Shunsuke , Ariie Takashi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal jaundice and phototherapy have been associated with the development of allergic diseases. It has been suggested, however, that effect estimates of the associations might be smaller than expected. We sought to update the evidence of their associations including recently published large longitudinal studies.MethodsWe sought published and unpublished observational studies through the major databases. We used a random‐effect meta‐analysis model weighted by the inverse variance estimate, the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool to assess the methodological quality for each study, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach to assess the certainty of evidence (COE).ResultsNineteen studies were enrolled in the qualitative syntheses, and fourteen studies were synthesized in the meta‐analyses. Neonatal jaundice was associated with a higher risk of childhood‐onset asthma (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.39‐1.53; COE, moderate), atopic dermatitis (AD; OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.57; COE, moderate), and allergic rhinitis (AR; OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 0.8810.30; COE, low). Neonatal phototherapy was also associated with a higher risk of childhood‐onset asthma (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.11‐1.38; COE, moderate), AD (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.24‐1.39; COE, moderate), and AR (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.93‐2.04; COE, very low). There were no studies that reported effect estimates of the associations between childhood‐onset food allergies and neonatal jaundice and phototherapy.ConclusionNeonatal jaundice and phototherapy were probably a prognostic factor of childhood‐onset allergic diseases; however, the associations were likely to be smaller than previously estimated.
First‐line atezolizumab monotherapy in patients with advanced BRAFV600 wild‐type melanoma
Authors: de Azevedo Sergio Jobim , de Melo Andreia Cristina , Roberts Louise , Caro Ivor , Xue Cloris , Wainstein Alberto 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAnti‐programmed death‐1 agents are an established option for advanced melanoma, but the anti‐programmed death‐ligand 1 (anti‐PD‐L1) antibody atezolizumab, an agent approved for the treatment of multiple solid tumors, was not previously evaluated. This phase 1b study cohort (NCT03178851; cohort C) evaluated first‐line atezolizumab 1,200 mg every 3 weeks in adults with BRAFV600 wild‐type, histologically confirmed, advanced or metastatic melanoma. The co‐primary end points were confirmed objective response rate (ORR) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1 and disease control rate (DCR = complete response [CR] +partial response [PR] +stable disease [SD] at 16 weeks). Of 52 enrolled patients, most had lactate dehydrogenase levels lower than the upper limit of normal (77%) and PD‐L1‐positive tumors (55%). Investigator‐assessed confirmed ORR was 35% (95% CI, 22%‐49%) and included three CRs (6%) and 15 PRs (29%); DCR was 46%. Median investigator‐assessed progression‐free survival was 3.7 months (95% CI, 2.1–7.3). The most common any‐grade adverse events were anemia (27%), headache (19%), hypertension (19%), constipation (17%), diarrhea (17%), hypothyroidism (17%), asthenia (15%), and pain in extremity (15%). First‐line atezolizumab monotherapy is safe and tolerable and has antitumor activity in patients with BRAFV600 wild‐type advanced or metastatic melanoma.
Differential expression and prediction of function of lncRNAs in the ovaries of low and high fecundity Hanper sheep
Authors: Liu Aiju , Liu Menghe , Li Yuexin , Chen Xiaoyong , Zhang Limeng , Tian Shujun 
Published: January 2021

ContentsLitter size is an important trait that determines the production efficiency of sheep bred for meat. Its detailed investigation can reveal the molecular mechanisms that control the fecundity of sheep and possibly accelerate the breeding process of new varieties of sheep that have high prolificacy. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have proven to be an important factor in the regulation of follicular development. However, the mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate litter size in sheep remain unclear. In the present study, ovarian tissues from the follicular (F) or luteal phase (L) of Hanper sheep that were either monotocous (M) or polytocous (P; FM, FP, LM and LP groups) were collected and sequenced to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and predict their function. The results indicate that the number of up‐ and down‐regulated lncRNAs in the follicular phase (FM vs. FP) was 95 and 111 and 109 and 49, respectively, in the luteal phase (LM vs. LP). The functional enrichment of the different lncRNAs coexpressed with mRNA was analysed. The results demonstrated that the KISS1‐GnRH‐LH/FSH‐E2 and EGF‐EGFR‐RAS‐PI3K signalling pathways promoted the initiation of the primordial period, follicular development and ovulation in the follicular phase (FM vs. FP). During the luteal phase (LM vs. LP), the production and development of the corpus luteum in ewes was influenced by the KITLG‐KIT/FGF‐FGFR/HGF‐MET‐RAS‐ERK signalling pathway. STEM clustering functional enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed lncRNAs indicated that profile11 was principally enriched in the Cytokine‐Jak‐STAT, PDGF‐PDGFR‐PI3K and KITLG‐KIT‐RAS‐ERK signalling pathways. By analysis of the differential expression of the lncRNAs and their expression in each group, lncRNAs Xist (loc101112291) and Gtl2 (loc101123329) were found to be highly expressed, suggesting that regulation of follicular development was mediated through methylation processes.
Understanding the Links Between Climate Change Risk Perceptions and the Action Response to Inform Climate Services Interventions
Authors: Steynor Anna , Pasquini Lorena , Thatcher Andrew , Hewitson Bruce 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnderstanding what motivates people to act on climate change provides an opportunity to design more effective interventions, in particular, climate services interventions, by aligning them with factors that strongly influence action. Climate change risk perceptions have been shown to underlie action on climate change. Therefore, this study performs exploratory research to understand how various determinants of risk perceptions contribute and interact to influence climate change risk perceptions and professional action on climate change in East Africa, in order to inform the context‐specific design of climate services. Using data collected through a region‐wide survey, a model to risk perceptions and professional action was constructed through structural equation modeling. The model elucidates the cascading effects of variables such as age, gender, education, and personal values on action. In particular, it highlights a split in motivating factors among individuals with higher levels of self‐enhancing values versus those with higher levels of self‐transcending values. The model also highlights the prominent role that experience of extreme weather events, psychological proximity of climate change, climate change risk perceptions, and social norms play in motivating action. The model, therefore, offers a framework for prioritizing the various factors that motivate people to take adaptation action, which, in turn, provides a basis for informing climate services development going forward.
A multicenter report on the safety and efficacy of plerixafor based stem cell mobilization in children with malignant disorders
Authors: Bhunia Nabanita , Abu‐Arja Rolla , Stanek Joseph R. , Mehyar Lubna S. , Shaw Peter J. , Kang Hyoung Jin , Stein Jerry , O'Brien Tracey A. , Roberts Catherine H. , Lee Anselm Chi‐wai , Loeb David M. , Ozkaynak Mehmet F. , Dalal Jignesh D. , Strahlendorf Caron , Goyal Rakesh K. , Shenoy Shalini S. , Rangarajan Hemalatha G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundPleraxifor for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization in children with malignancies is often given following failure of standard mobilization (SM) rather than as a primary mobilizing agent.Study Design and MethodsIn this retrospective multicenter study, we report the safety of plerixafor‐based PBSC mobilization in children with malignancies and compare outcomes between patients who received plerixafor upfront with SM (Group A) with those who received plerixafor following failure of SM (Group B). In the latter pleraxifor was given either following a low peripheral blood (PB) CD34 (<20 cells/cu.mm) (Group B1) or as a second collection process due to an unsuccessful yield (CD34 + < 2 × 106/kg) (Group B2) following failed SM and first apheresis attempts.ResultsThe study cohort (n = 47) with a median age of 8 (range 0.6‐21) year, comprised 19 (40%) Group A and 28 (60%) Group B patients (B1 = 12 and B2 = 16). Pleraxifor mobilization was successful in 87.2% of patients, similar between Groups A and B (84.2% vs 89.2%) and resulted in a median 4‐fold increase in PB CD34. Median number of apheresis attempts was 2 in Groups A and B1 but 4 in Group B2. In Group B2, median total CD34+ yield post‐plerixafor was 9‐fold higher than after SM (P = .0013). Mild to moderate transient adverse events affected 8.5% of patients. Among patients who proceeded to autologous transplant (n = 39), all but one engrafted.ConclusionPlerixafor‐based PBSC collection was safe and effective in our cohort and supports consideration as a primary mobilizing agent in children with malignancies.
Clinical, CT, and ultrasonographic features of canine and feline pleural and peritoneal carcinomatosis and sarcomatosis
Authors: Weston Philippa J , Baines Stephen J , Finotello Riccardo , Mortier Jeremy R 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCarcinomatosis and sarcomatosis describe the widespread dissemination of metastatic neoplastic cells throughout the body. Studies describing their clinical and imaging features in veterinary patients are limited. The objective of this retrospective, multicenter, cross‐sectional study is to describe the clinical, ultrasonographic, and CT features of pleural and peritoneal carcinomatosis and sarcomatosis in dogs and cats to aid detection and differentiation of these lesions. Medical records and CT and ultrasonographic images were reviewed. Although a large degree of overlap was observed between the imaging features and clinical signs of canine and feline carcinomatosis and sarcomatosis, some distinguishing features were observed. Dogs were significantly more likely to present with abdominal pain compared to cats (P = .022), whereas cats more commonly presented with inappetence (P = .019). Dogs with sarcomatosis had a significantly heavier bodyweight than dogs with carcinomatosis (P = .005), largely due to a higher prevalence of splenic hemangiosarcoma in this patient cohort. Peritoneal effusion was more frequently observed in dogs with carcinomatosis compared to dogs with sarcomatosis (P = .021). Imaging and clinical features observed in this study may help to distinguish sarcomatosis and carcinomatosis lesions. Due to the large degree of overlap observed, cytological or histopathological analysis is recommended for definitive diagnosis.
Does vitamin D deficiency predispose to keloids via dysregulation of koebnerisin (S100A15)? A case‐control study
Authors: El Hadidi Heba H. , Sobhi Rehab M. , Nada Ahmed M. , AbdelGhaffar Mariam M. M. , Shaker Olfat G. , El‐Kalioby Mona 
Published: January 2021

AbstractKeloids result from uncontrolled inflammation and fibrosis during wound healing. Vitamin D can regulate skin proliferation and inflammation. Fibroblasts are vitamin D‐responsive target cells and are source of koebnerisin (an antimicrobial peptide released during inflammation and wound healing). This study aimed to assess the levels and correlations between the serum and tissue 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D, tissue vitamin D receptors, and serum and tissue koebnerisin (S100A15) in patients with keloids. Nineteen patients with keloids and 20 matched controls were recruited. From each keloid patient, a serum sample and two biopsies were taken from the keloid (lesional) (Tissue A) and from normal skin (non‐lesional) (Tissue B). From controls, a serum sample and a tissue biopsy from normal skin were taken. Serum and tissue 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D, tissue vitamin D receptors, and serum and tissue koebnerisin were measured in retrieved samples using ELISA. Results revealed a significantly lower serum 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D, tissue vitamin D receptors, as well as, serum and tissue koebnerisin in keloid patients compared to controls. Tissue 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D was significantly lower in keloidal skin biopsy (Tissue A) compared to non‐lesional normal skin biopsy (Tissue B). Tissue koebnerisin showed a significant positive correlation with tissue vitamin D receptors, and a significant negative correlation with tissue 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D. There was a significant negative correlation between serum 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D and duration of keloid. Accordingly, low serum and tissue 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D and deficient tissue vitamin D receptors contribute to the pathogenesis of keloids. This can be partly mediated by dysregulation of the antimicrobial peptide; koebnerisin. Artificial antimicrobial peptides and koebnerisin‐modifying drugs, for example, vitamin D and TNF‐α inhibitors can have a role in keloid prevention and treatment.