bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Age-Related Finger Span and Hand Grip Strength of Adult Female Garment Workers in Bangladesh
Authors: Razzaque Laila , Md Ashrafuzzaman - , Hakim Monjurul 
Published: May 2021

Background: Age related hand anthropometry is important for the effective designing of dimensionally compatible hand tools, gloves, machine access spaces and hand-held devices. The present study was designed to measure and compare finger spans and the hand grip strength of both hands of adult female garment workers of different age groups in Bangladesh and to establish correlation between finger spans and the hand grip strength of same hand.
Materials and methods: The study was a descriptive, observational and cross sectional in nature with some analytic component; carried out in the Department of anatomy, Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram, from January 2015 to December 2015. A purposive non random convenient sampling was done to select 300 female garment workers, age ranging from 21-35 years. Hand grip strength and 5 finger spans were measured. ANOVA test was performed to correlate of finger spans and hand grip strength of different age groups.
Results: Difference of hand grip strength with age showed significant in both hands. Difference of finger spans with age showed non-significant. There was positive correlation between finger spans and hand grip strength of the same hand.
Conclusion: Study of age related anthropometric measurements of hand can play an important role to design same workplace, same hand tools, and same access spaces for the hand of the age group (21-35) years of adult female garment workers in Bangladesh and increase the usage of human resources.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 62-66
Clinicopathological Study on TB Lymphadenopathy Case
Authors: Chowdhury Mohammad Mahabubul Alam , Datta Pran Gopal , Amin Abu Sahfi Ahmed , Mahmud Khondakar Abdullah Al , Sultana Kawsar 
Published: May 2021

Background: Tuberculosis in the form of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB is common in developing countries like Bangladesh. Among extrapulmonary TB, lymphnode TB is still common in our setting. So, the objectives of the present study were to evaluate theclinicopathological findings among the lymphnode TB cases in our context.
Materials and methods: This observational study was done from January 2017 to December 2019 among 300 lymphnode TB cases in a tertiary care hospital during a three-year study period. Patients were selected after obtaining informed written consent and clinical evaluation. Then enlarged lymphnodes were evaluated by FNAC or histopathology. If lymphnode TB features were found then the patients were included in our study.Other findings like metastasis, lymphoma or pyogenic lymphadenitis were excluded from this study. After collection, data was recorded and analyzed by Microsoft Excel.
Results: Among 300 cases of TB lymphadenitis subjects were commonly within the age groups 11-20 years (Male 63 and female 51) and 21-30 years(male 45 and female 42) with amale: female ratioof 1.22:1. Regarding different clinical signs and symptoms,low grade fever was found in 21(7%) cases, local lymphnode pain and tenderness was found in 67 (22%) and 63(21%) of subjects. Discharging sinuses was present in 33(11%) patients, 35(12%) had history of weight loss, 39 (13%) had anorexia and 42(14%) had history of night sweats. Regarding locationof different lymph node areas, 125(41.67%) patients had deep cervical nodes, 65(21.67%) had supraclavicular lymph nodes, 60(20%) had lymph nodes in the posterior triangle 33 (11%) in jugulo-omohyoid and 17 (5.66%) in submandibular area. Among all cases, 83% cases showed bilateral and 17% showed unilateral involvement.Regarding nature of lymph nodes, firm, matted multiple lymphnodes were found in 130(43%) cases, single discrete nodes were found in 70(23.33%) cases, others were found as suppurative noded with single and multiple sinuses. Cytopathological and histopathological findings revealed caseating granuloma with epithelioid cell with Langerhans type giant cell was found in 220(73%) cases, caseating granuloma with epithelioid cell was found in 47(16%) epithelioid cell was found in 20(7%) cases and epitheliod cells with smear positive AFB was found in 13(4%) cases.
Conclusion: TB lymphadenitis is still a common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and it has variable clinical and pathological presentations.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 77-80
COMPLIANCE GAINING DALAM PERSUASI KOMUNIKASI DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK PEMERINTAH KOTA BUKITTINGGI TERKAIT PEMBANGUNAN PASAR ATAS
Authors: Rahmadanty Melani , Arif Ernita , Zetra Aidinil 
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana Pemerintah Kota Bukittinggi menerapkan strategi compliance gaining dalam mempersuasi masyarakatnya, ketika menetapkan kebijakan publik yang telah diputuskan terkait pembangunan pasar atas. Lima langkah aktivitas yang diterapkan, yaitu rewarding, punishing, expertise, personal commitments dan impersonal commitments telah mampu menciptakan kepatuhan para pedagang yang menjadi korban kebakaran pasar atas. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma konstruktivis dan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pembangunan kembali pasar atas yang sebelumnya sempat diwarnai demonstrasi besar-besaran bisa diselesaikan dengan baik. Hal ini terjadi karena, Pemerintah Kota Bukittinggi memiliki persuasi komunikasi yang baik dalam hal menyampaikan kebijakan publik yang diambilnya, baik itu terkait pembangunan kembali pasar atas maupun relokasi sementara pasar penampungan. Kekecewaan masyarakat pada awalnya dapat diatasi, karena mereka mempunyai pemerintahan yang sangat mau menampung aspirasi rakyatnya dan memiliki sistem kinerja yang sangat baik. Karena, pada dasarnya kebijakan publik yang dibuat oleh pemerintah bertujuan mengatur kehidupan bersama untuk mencapai visi dan misi yang telah disepakati, demi kebaikan dan kemajuan Kota Bukittinggi.
Kajian Penerapan Corporate University dalam Pengembangan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia Aparatur Sipil Negara
Authors: Sidabutar Victor Tulus Pangapoi 
Published: May 2021

Kemudahan berbisnis Indonesia tahun 2019 meningkat tetapi peringkat itu hanya mewakili Jakarta dan Surabaya dan secara keseluruhan nilai daya saing Indonesia masih dibawah harapan untuk menarik investor luar negeri. Hal ini karena organisasi publik di Indonesia dinilai tidak efisien, birokratis, kurang transparan, dan memiliki tingkat korupsi yang tinggi. Dalam hal kompetensi, terdapat perbedaan kemampuan Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) ditiap daerahnya sehingga perlu dilakukan peningkatan kemampuan ASN agar dapat menghadapi perubahan dan perkembangan dunia yang semakin pesat dan cepat. Disinilah peran penting unit-unit pelatihan dalam pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) ASN dalam menghasilkan birokrat “kelas dunia”. Unit-unit pelatihan yang ada saat ini dituntut untuk melakukan pelatihan yang terkait dengan pengembangan karier dan perencanaan personalia. Untuk itu, unit-unit pelatihan tersebut harus bertransformasi menjadi Corporate University (CU) yang merupakan alat manajemen yang dirancang untuk membantu organisasi mencapai tujuan strategis mereka dengan melakukan kegiatan yang mendorong individu dan pembelajaran dan pengetahuan organisasi. Dalam pembentukannya perlu diperhatikan lima tahapan dalam pengembangan dan implementasi CU yaitu diagnosis awal, pengembangan program pendidikan, pengembangan program pendidikan, pengembangan dan implementasi Learning Management System dan akhirnya penguatan pengetahuan akan CU dan rilis pembentukan CU. Kendala dalam penerapan CU dapat terjadi karena kondisi mentalitas dan degradasi moral ASN yang telah terjadi dan diwariskan oleh generasi sebelumnya. Oleh karenanya, dituntut dukungan pimpinan yang berfikiran terbuka dan terbebas dari mentalitas yang terkotak-kotak.
CAPAIAN STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMAL (SPM) BIDANG KESEHATAN KASUS HIPERTENSI DAN DIABETES MELLITUS DI KOTA BANDUNG TAHUN 2020
Authors: Aliyah Yulia Astri nurul 
Published: May 2021

Tulisan ini menjelaskan pelaksanaan dan evaluasi pencapaian Standar Pelayanan Minimal Bidang Kesehatan kasus hipertensi dan Diabetes Mellitus (DM) di Kota Bandung. Pemenuhan SPM merupakan kewajiban pemerintah baik pusat maupun daerah sesuai dengan amanat Undang-Undang 23 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 2 Tahun 2018 tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimal dan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 100 Tahun 2018 Tentang Penerapan Standar Pelayanan Minimal. Menggunakan data hasil laporan 80 UPT Puskesmas di Kota Bandung yang dilandasi rumus untuk mencari persentase capaian SPM kasus hipertensi dan DM sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 4 Tahun 2019 Tentang Standar Teknis Pemenuhan Mutu Pelayanan Dasar Pada Standar Pelayanan Minimal Bidang Kesehatan, dapat dilihat bahwa realisasi persentase capaian SPM untuk kasus hipertensi di Kota Bandung tahun 2020 ialah 18,99% dan realisasi persentase capaian SPM untuk kasus DM di Kota Bandung ialah 115,35%. Dalam pembahasan dijelaskan mengapa dan apa yang melatarbelakangi realisasi capaian SPM hipertensi dan DM di Kota Bandung. Sedangkan kendala yang muncul dalam pemenuhan capaian SPM hipertensi dan DM di Kota Bandung diantaranya ialah kendala sarana dan prasarana seperti belum ada Posbindu PTM Kit akibat terbatasnya anggaran. Kemudian belum semua UPT Puskesmas telah memiliki tenaga terlatih untuk melakukan kegiatan PANDU PTM, masih rendahnya kesadaran melakukan pencatatan dan pelaporan serta pelaporan dan pencatatan masih belum sesuai dengan apa yang dirancang dalam format resmi, dan belum semua UPT Puskesmas melaksanakan program PANDU PTM.
Photothermal Effect: The Amygdaloidal Nano-Structure Based on Bi2S3 for the Enhanced Degradation of Rhodamine B Under Irradiation by NIR
Authors: Yin Xiuzhao , Zhang Yunyu , Ai Fujin 
Published: May 2021

In recent years the photothermal effect, an auxiliary strategy for increasing the degradation rate of pollutants under irradiation by near-infrared (NIR), has become a research focus. In this study a novel amygdaloidal nanophotocatalyst, Bi2S3, was synthesized by a traditional approach using a hydrothermal process, in which Bi2S3 nanostructures were spread out like a peacock’s tail. The produced Bi2S3 photocatalyst exhibited excellent performance in the rapid degradation of Rhodamine B (RB). This proved that the photothermal effect is mainly responsible for the rapid degradation of RB under NIR laser irradiation. Moreover, it was found that the photothermal effect could not degrade the products with NIR radiation in darkness. However, with the support of visible radiation, the photothermal effect of the Bi2S3 photocatalyst enhanced degradation of RB (degradation rate 90% under 1 h). This novel structure exhibited a potential ability for degrading pollution in industry or agriculture.
A Ligation/Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV−2
Authors: Wang Pei , Ma Chao , Zhang Xue , Chen Lizhan , Yi Longyu , Liu Xin , Lu Qunwei , Cao Yang , Gao Song 
Published: May 2021

The pandemic of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to more than 117 million reported cases and 2.6 million deaths. Accurate diagnosis technologies are vital for controlling this pandemic. Reverse transcription (RT)-based nucleic acid detection assays have been developed, but the strict sample processing requirement of RT has posed obstacles on wider applications. This study established a ligation and recombinase polymerase amplification (L/RPA) combined assay for rapid detection of SARS-CoV−2 on genes N and ORF1ab targeting the specific biomarkers recommended by the China CDC. Ligase-based strategies usually have a low-efficiency problem on RNA templates. This study has addressed this problem by using a high concentration of the T4 DNA ligase and exploiting the high sensitivity of RPA. Through selection of the ligation probes and optimization of the RPA primers, the assay achieved a satisfactory sensitivity of 101 viral RNA copies per reaction, which was comparable to RT-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and other nucleic acid detection assays for SARS-CoV−2. The assay could be finished in less than 30 min with a simple procedure, in which the requirement for sophisticated thermocycling equipment had been avoided. In addition, it avoided the RT procedure and could potentially ease the requirement for sample processing. Once validated with clinical samples, the L/RPA assay would increase the practical testing availability of SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the principle of L/RPA has an application potential to the identification of concerned mutations of the virus.
Aortic Valve Sclerosis as an Important Predictor of Long-Term Mortality in Patients With Carotid Atheromatous Plaque Requiring Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Myasoedova Veronika A. , Saccu Claudio , Chiesa Mattia , Songia Paola , Alfieri Valentina , Massaiu Ilaria , Valerio Vincenza , Moschetta Donato , Gripari Paola , Naliato Moreno , Cavallotti Laura , Spirito Rita , Trabattoni Piero , Poggio Paolo 
Published: May 2021

Background: A strong association between aortic valve sclerosis (AVSc), the earliest manifestation of calcific aortic valve disease, and atherosclerosis exists. The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive capabilities of AVSc on long-term all-cause mortality, in patients requiring carotid endarterectomy (CEA).Methods and Results: 806 consecutive CEA patients were enrolled. Preoperative echocardiography was used to assess AVSc. Computed tomography angiography was applied for plaque characterization. Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox linear regression, and area under the receiving operator characteristic (AUC) curve analyses were used to evaluate the predictive capability of AVSc. Overall, 348 of 541 patients had AVSc (64%). Age, diabetes, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were associated with AVSc. In the 5-year follow-up, AVSc group had a mortality rate of 16.7% while in no-AVSc group was 7.8%. Independent predictors of all-cause mortality were age, sex, eGFR, left ventricular ejection fraction, and AVSc. After adjustments, AVSc was associated with a significant increase in all-cause mortality risk (hazard ratio, HR = 1.9; 95%CI: 1.04–3.54; p = 0.038). We stratify our cohort based on carotid atheromatous plaque-type: soft, calcified, and mixed-fibrotic. In patients with mixed-fibrotic plaques, the mortality rate of AVSc patients was 15.5% compared to 2.4% in no-AVSc patients. In this group, AVSc was associated with an increased long-term all-cause mortality risk with an adjusted HR of 12.8 (95%CI: 1.71–96.35; p = 0.013), and the AUC, combing eGFR and AVSc was 0.77 (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: Our findings indicate that AVSc together with eGFR may be used to improve long-term risk stratification of patients undergoing CEA surgery.
Longitudinal Effect of Hemoglobin Concentration With Incident Ischemic Heart Disease According to Hepatic Steatosis Status Among Koreans
Authors: Jung Dong Hyuk , Lee Yong Jae , Park Byoungjin 
Published: May 2021

Background: An increased hemoglobin (Hb) level may have detrimental effects on hepatic steatosis (HS) as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated Hb's effect on incident ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk in the context of hepatic steatosis (HS).Methods: We assessed 17,521 non-diabetic participants and retrospectively screened for IHD using the Korea National Health Insurance data. High Hb was defined as Hb levels ≥16.3 g/dL in men and 13.9 g/dL in women (&gt;75th percentile). The participants were divided into five groups: reference (group 1), mild HS only (group 2), mild HS and high Hb (group 3), severe HS only (group 4), and severe HS and high Hb (group 5). We assessed hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for IHD using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models over 50 months from the baseline survey.Results: During the follow-up period, 330 (1.9%) participants developed IHD (310 angina pectoris and 20 myocardial infarction). Compared with the reference group (group 1), the HRs for IHD were 1.04 (95% CI, 0.75–1.46) in group 2, 1.14 (95% CI, 0.70–1.85) in group 3, 1.58 (95% CI, 1.08–2.32) in group 4, and 1.79 (95% CI, 1.15–2.80) in group 5, after adjusting for IHD risk factors.Conclusions: We found the combined effect of HS and Hb levels on the incidence of IHD.
Hyperthyroidism Prevalence in China After Universal Salt Iodization
Authors: Wang Chuyuan , Li Yongze , Teng Di , Shi Xiaoguang , Ba Jianming , Chen Bing , Du Jianling , He Lanjie , Lai Xiaoyang , Li Yanbo , Chi Haiyi , Liao Eryuan , Liu Chao , Liu Libin , Qin Guijun , Qin Yingfen , Quan Huibiao , Shi Bingyin , Sun Hui , Tang Xulei , Tong Nanwei , Wang Guixia , Zhang Jin-an , Wang Youmin , Xue Yuanming , Yan Li , Yang Jing , Yang Lihui , Yao Yongli , Ye Zhen , Zhang Qiao , Zhang Lihui , Zhu Jun , Zhu Mei , Shan Zhongyan , Teng Weiping 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundUniversal salt iodization (USI) was implemented in mainland China in 1996. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism and its risk factors now require examination.MethodsData were acquired from a nationwide Thyroid, Iodine, and Diabetes Epidemiological survey (TIDE 2015–2017) of 78,470 subjects from 31 provinces. Iodine status, and thyroid hormones and antibodies were measured. ResultsAfter two decades of USI, the prevalence of overt hyperthyroidism (OH), Graves’ disease (GD), severe subclinical hyperthyroidism (severe SCH), and mild subclinical hyperthyroidism (mild SCH) in mainland China was 0.78%, 0.53%, 0.22%, and 0.22%, respectively. OH and GD prevalence were higher in women than in men (OH: 1.16% vs. 0.64%, P&lt;0.001; GD: 0.65% vs. 0.37%, P&lt;0.001).Prevalence was significantly decreased after 60 years-of-age compared with 30–39 years-of-age (OH:0.61% vs. 0.81%, P&lt;0.001; GD: 0.38% vs. 0.57%, P&lt;0.001).Excessive iodine(EI) and deficient iodine(DI) were both related to increased prevalence of OH (odds ratio [OR] 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68–2.59; OR1.35, 95%CI 1.07–1.72, respectively); however, only deficient iodine was associated with increased prevalence of GD (OR1.67, 95%CI 1.30–2.15). Increased thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody levels were significantly associated with prevalence of OH and GD, but not severe SCH and mild SCH. Although hyperthyroidism was more prevalent in women, the association disappeared after adjusting for other factors such as antibody levels.ConclusionOH and GD prevalences in mainland China are stable after two decades of USI. Iodine deficiency, elevated thyroid antibody levels, and middle age are the main risk factors for OH and GD. The severe SCH population, rather than the mild SCH population, shows similar characteristics to the OH population.
Patterns of Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With T1/T2 Gastroduodenal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Implications for Endoscopic Treatment
Authors: Zhou Yu-Jie , Wang Qi-Wen , Zhang Qing-Wei , Chen Jin-Nan , Wang Xin-Yuan , Gao Yun-Jie , Li Xiao-Bo 
Published: May 2021

Guidelines have differed in their opinion regarding the indications for endoscopic resection of gastric-neuroendocrine neoplasms (g-NENs) and duodenal-NENs (d-NENs). We examined the association between size and lymph node metastasis (LNM) to identify candidates most suitable for endoscopic resection. We identified 706 patients with T1/T2 g-NENs and 621 patients with T1/T2 d-NENs from the SEER database. The prevalence of LNM and risk factors associated with LNM were analyzed. LNM was present in 8.1% of patients with gastroduodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and 31.6% of patients with neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that tumor size &gt;10mm, greater invasion depth, and poor differentiation were independently associated with LNM. In addition, the percentage of g-NETs invading submucosa with LNM increased with tumor size (≤10 mm,3.9%;11–20 mm,8.6%;&gt;20 mm,16.1%). However, in contrast to the low LNM risk in patients with small g-NETs (≤10 mm), we found that LNM rate exceeded 5% even for patients with small submucosal-infiltrating d-NETs. Among patients with nodal-negative g-NETs, the cause specific survival (CSS) was similar for those who received surgical resection and endoscopic resection. Among patients with d-NETs, the CSS was better for those who received endoscopic resection. In conclusion, patients with d-NETs had a higher probability of LNM than those with g-NETs. Endoscopic resection can be utilized for curative treatment of submucosa-infiltrating g-NETs and intramucosal d-NETs when the size is 10 mm or less. These results reinforce the need to search for LNM in lesions that are larger than 10 mm.
A Direct Comparison of Patients With Hereditary and Sporadic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Evaluation of Clinical Course, Prognostic Factors and Genotype–Phenotype Correlations
Authors: Soczomski Przemysław , Jurecka-Lubieniecka Beata , Krzywon Aleksandra , Cortez Alexander Jorge , Zgliczynski Stanisław , Rogozik Natalia , Oczko-Wojciechowska Małgorzata , Pawlaczek Agnieszka , Bednarczuk Tomasz , Jarzab Barbara 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionPancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) in hereditary syndromes pose a significant challenge to clinicians. The rarity of these syndromes and PNETs itself make it difficult to directly compare them with sporadic PNETs. Despite research suggesting differences between these two entities, the same approach is used in hereditary and sporadic PNETs.MethodsWe included 63 patients with hereditary PNET (GpNET) and 145 with sporadic PNET (SpNET) in a retrospective observational study. Clinical and genetic data were collected in two Polish endocrine departments from January 2004 to February 2020. Only patients with confirmed germline mutations were included in the GpNET cohort. We attempted to establish prognostic factors of metastases and overall survival in both groups and genotype–phenotype correlations in the GpNET group.ResultsPatients with GpNET were younger and diagnosed earlier, whereas their tumors were smaller and more frequently multifocal compared with patients with SpNET. Metastases occurred more frequently in the SpNET group, and their appearance was associated with tumor size in both groups. GpNET patients had longer overall survival (OS). OS was affected by age, age at diagnosis, sex, grade, stage, tumor diameter, occurrence and localization of metastases, type of treatment, and comorbidities. In the MEN1 group, carriers of frameshift with STOP codon, splice site, and missense mutations tended to have less advanced disease, while patients with mutations in exon 2 tended to have metastases more frequently.ConclusionsDirect comparisons of GpNET and SpNET demonstrate significant differences in the clinical courses of both entities, which should force different approaches. A larger group of patients with GpNET should be assessed to confirm genotype–phenotype correlations.