bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biologically synthesized iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) from Phoenix dactylifera have anti-bacterial activities
Authors: Batool Faryal , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Khan Salah-Ud-Din , Khan Javed , Ahmed Bilal , Qadir Muhammad Imran 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNanotechnology is a vast field of science with the most vibrant and conspicuous applications. The green synthesis approach is cost-effective, eco-friendly, and produces the most stable metal-based nanoparticles without the use of toxic chemicals. This study presents the green synthesis of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs). For biosynthesis of FeNPs, Phoenix dactylifera extract was used as a reducing agent and iron sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O) was used as a substrate. FeNPs were characterized by different techniques including UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nano zeta-sizer analysis. The antimicrobial activity of FeNPs synthesized by using an aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus leutus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. A notable color change from yellow to black confirmed the synthesis of FeNPs. The sharp peak at 450 nm UV–Visible spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of FeNPs. FTIR showed the presence of O–H and C=C stretching due to the presence of phenol and alkene functional groups. The average size of FeNPs was 6092 d.nm. The results of antimicrobial activity showed that FeNPs exhibit different potential against different bacterial strains with a maximum 25 ± 0.360 zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli. Thus, green synthesized FeNPs could be used as potential antimicrobial agents.
Structural evolution and phase transition mechanism of $$\hbox {MoSe}_2$$ under high pressure
Authors: Xiao Yifeng , He Shi , Li Mo , Sun Weiguo , Wu Zhichao , Dai Wei , Lu Cheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract$$\hbox {MoSe}_2$$

MoSe
2

is a layered transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) with outstanding electronic and optical properties, which is widely used in field-effect transistor (FET). Here the structural evolution and phase transition of $$\hbox {MoSe}_2$$

MoSe
2

under high pressure are systematically studied by CALYPSO structural search method and first-principles calculations. The structural evolutions of $$\hbox {MoSe}_2$$

MoSe
2

show that the ground state structure under ambient pressure is the experimentally observed P6$$_3$$

3

/mmc phase, which transfers to R3m phase at 1.9 GPa. The trigonal R3m phase of $$\hbox {MoSe}_2$$

MoSe
2

is stable up to 72.1 GPa, then, it transforms into a new P6$$_3$$

3

/mmc phase with different atomic coordinates of Se atoms. This phase is extremely robust under ultrahigh pressure and finally changes to another trigonal R-3m phase under 491.1 GPa. The elastic constants and phonon dispersion curves indicate that the ambient pressure phase and three new high-pressure phases are all stable. The electronic band structure and projected density of states analyses reveal a pressure induced semiconducting to metallic transition under 72.1 GPa. These results offer a detailed structural evolution and phase diagram of $$\hbox {MoSe}_2$$

MoSe
2

under high pressure, which may also provide insights for exploration other TMDs under ultrahigh pressure.
Evaluation of the reliability of lower extremity alignment measurements using EOS imaging system while standing in an even weight-bearing posture
Authors: Cho Byung Woo , Lee Tae-Ho , Kim Sungjun , Choi Chong-Hyuk , Jung Min , Lee Koo Yeon , Kim Sung-Hwan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the reproducibility and reliability of the alignment parameters measured using the EOS image system in both limbs while standing with an even weight-bearing posture. Overall, 104 lower extremities in 52 patients were analyzed retrospectively. The patients stood with an even load over both lower extremities then rotated 15° in both directions. Two EOS images were acquired and 104 pairs of lower extremities were compared according to the position of the indexed lower extremities. Then, the inter-observer reliability of the EOS system and the inter-modality reliability between EOS and computed tomography (CT) were evaluated. Femoro-tibial rotation (FTR) and tibial torsion demonstrated a significant difference between the anterior and posterior positions of the indexed lower extremity. In the inter-observer reliability analysis, all values except for FTR and tibial torsion demonstrated good or very good reliability. In the anterior position, FTR demonstrated moderate, and tibial torsion demonstrated poor reliability. In the posterior position, both FTR and tibial torsion demonstrated poor reliability. In the reliability analysis between the three-dimensional (3D) EOS model and 3D CT images, all measurements of the femur demonstrated very good reliability, but measurements of the tibia did not. For the coronal and sagittal alignment parameters measured by the EOS 3D system with rotated standing posture, except for the measurement including tibial torsion., there were no significant difference for either position of the indexed extremities with high agreement between the observers as well as with the CT 3D model.
Development, Validation, and Reliability of the Teacher-Reported Pediatric Voice Handicap Index
Authors: Yağcıoğlu Damlasu , Aydınlı Fatma Esen , Aslan Gizem , Kirazlı Meltem Ç. , Köse Ayşen , Doğan Nuri , Akbulut Sevtap , Yılmaz Taner , Özcebe Esra 
Published: November 2021

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop a novel teacher-reported pediatric voice outcome measure and to investigate its psychometric properties.

Method:
In the first stage, a new instrument, the Teacher-Reported Pediatric Voice Handicap Index (TRPVHI), was developed. After item generation, a panel of experts evaluated the items to assess the content validity. Subsequently, the final version of the preliminary instrument was applied to teachers of 306 children (57 dysphonic and 249 vocally healthy) between the ages of 4 and 11 years. Eventually, the construct validity, criterion-related validity, test–retest reliability, and internal consistency of the developed instrument were examined.

Results:

The items with a content validity ratio less than .8 were modified or removed, and accordingly, the preliminary version of the index was finalized. After the application of the preliminary version, item reduction was made based on the factor analysis. The index is composed of 27 questions and three subscales: Functional, Physical, and Emotional. A significant difference was observed between the dysphonic and vocally healthy children for the TRPVHI scores (
p
< .001). A positive moderate correlation was determined between the Pediatric Voice Handicap Index and TRPVHI scores. Correlation coefficients between the test and retest scores of the TRPVHI were in the range of .92–.98. Cronbach's alpha values computed to assess the internal consistency were in the range of .94–.98.

Conclusions:
The TRPVHI is the only valid and reliable teacher-reported outcome measure of the effects of voice disorders on children. It is anticipated that the deployment of the TRPVHI in conjunction with other subjective tools, both in the initial evaluation and the follow-up of the treatment results, will allow a better understanding of the physical, functional, and emotional effects of voice disorders on children. Furthermore, it can potentially lead further research to enable the use of the TRPVHI for screening purposes.
Homeopathy Deserves Its Own Scientific Identity
Authors: Rutten Lex 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOoit werd aangenomen dat wetenschappelijk onderzoek, met name het gerandomiseerde gecontroleerde onderzoek, erkenning zou geven aan de homeopathie. Het tegendeel gebeurde echter: ondanks bewijs, dat niet onderdoet voor conventioneel bewijs, is de oppositie nog nooit zo sterk geweest. De filosoof Kuhn voorspelde dit al: wetenschappelijke autoriteiten kunnen geen informatie accepteren die tegen hun basisovertuigingen (paradigma) indruist, omdat hun autoriteit juist van dat paradigma afhangt. Aan de andere kant ontdekken veel patiënten dat het conventionele medische paradigma onvolledig is en dat homeopathie het aanvult. Verwacht wordt dat de problemen met het huidige paradigma zullen toenemen, vooral vanwege antimicrobiële resistentie met betrekking tot infecties van de luchtwegen. Homeopathie kan in dit opzicht van grote waarde zijn. Er is ook een groeiend besef dat er geen tweedeling bestaat tussen doeltreffende en niet doeltreffende geneesmiddelen. De werking van een geneesmiddel is een waarschijnlijkheid die afhangt van meerdere variabelen. Tot nu toe is het verbeteren van de homeopathische manier van genezen in samenhang met wetenschappelijk onderzoek ondergewaardeerd. De toenemende belangstelling van de conventionele geneeskunde voor gepersonaliseerde geneeskunde en onderzoek naar prognostische factoren (PFR) is een uitstekende gelegenheid om het homeopathisch onderzoek te heroriënteren naar PFR.
Effect of oxidation on excited state dynamics of neutral TinO2n−x (n &lt; 10, x &lt; 4) clusters
Authors: Garcia Jacob M. , Heald Lauren F. , Shaffer Ryan E. , Sayres Scott G. 
Published: November 2021

Excited state lifetimes of neutral titanium oxide clusters (TinO2n−x, n &lt; 10, x &lt; 4) were measured using a sequence of 400 nm pump and 800 nm probe femtosecond laser pulses. Despite large differences in electronic properties between the closed shell stoichiometric TinO2n clusters and the suboxide TinO2n−x (x = 1–3) clusters, the transient responses for all clusters contain a fast response of 35 fs followed by a sub-picosecond (ps) excited state lifetime. In this non-scalable size regime, subtle changes in the sub-ps lifetimes are attributed to variations in the coordination of Ti atoms and localization of charge carriers following UV photoexcitation. In general, clusters exhibit longer lifetimes with increased size and also with the addition of O atoms. This suggests that the removal of O atoms develops stronger Ti–Ti interactions as the system transitions from a semiconducting character to a fast metallic electronic relaxation mechanism.
Estimating experienced racial segregation in US cities using large-scale GPS data
Authors: Athey Susan , Ferguson Billy , Gentzkow Matthew , Schmidt Tobias 
Published: November 2021

SignificanceRacial segregation shapes key aspects of a healthy society, including educational development, psychological well-being, and economic mobility. As such, a large literature has formed to measure segregation. Estimates of racial segregation often rely on assumptions of uniform interaction within some fixed time and geographic space despite the dynamic nature of urban environments. We leverage Global Positioning System data to estimate a measure of segregation that relaxes these strict assumptions. Experienced segregation according to our measure is substantially lower than standard measures would suggest. By decomposing segregation by functions of a city, like entertainment, restaurants, and retail, we facilitate targeted policy making where segregation matters most.
Liquid-crystal-based floating-electrode-free coplanar waveguide phase shifter with an additional liquid-crystal layer for 28-GHz applications
Authors: Ma Jun-Seok , Choi Jin-Young , Oh Seung-Won , Kim Wook-Sung 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A liquid-crystal (LC)-based floating electrode-free (FE-free) coplanar waveguide (CPW) phase shifter with an additional LC layer is demonstrated for the first time. An LC layer is overlain on the electrodes of the original model; this change increases the amount of electric flux that the proposed structure can confine in the tunable region, and thereby greatly increases the figure-of-merit (FoM) while maintaining the benefits of the simple coplanar structure. We simulated the variations in the phase shifter’s FoM, characteristic impedance, and driving voltage while sweeping the additional LC layer thickness up to 300 μm with each electrode condition at 28 GHz. In the case of electrode thickness variation, the FoM increased as electrode thickness increased, regardless of the presence of the additional LC layer. However, in the case of the signal electrode width variation, we obtained an opposite FoM tendency depending on the presence of the additional LC layer. This work shows the possibility of an efficient LC-based FE-free CPW phase shifter design for a given LC layer and electrode conditions.
Stability of

Z2

configurations in 3D
Authors: Bétermin Laurent , Friedrich Manuel , Stefanelli Ulisse 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Inspired by the issue of stability of molecular structures, we investigate the strict minimality of point sets with respect to configurational energies featuring two- and three-body contributions. Our main focus is on characterizing those configurations which cannot be deformed without changing distances between first neighbours or angles formed by pairs of first neighbours. Such configurations are called angle-rigid. We tackle this question in the class of finite configurations in

Z

2

, seen as planar three-dimensional point sets. A sufficient condition preventing angle-rigidity is presented. This condition is also proved to be necessary when restricted to specific subclasses of configurations.
Model-based approach to investigate equipment-induced error in pressure-waveform derived hemodynamic measurements
Authors: Farahmand Masoud , Mirinejad Hossein , Scully Christopher G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objective. Advanced hemodynamic monitoring systems have provided less invasive methods for estimating pressure-derived measurements such as pressure-derived cardiac output (CO) measurements. These devices apply algorithms to arterial pressure waveforms recorded via pressure recording components that transmit the pressure signal to a pressure monitor. While standards have been developed for pressure monitoring equipment, it is unclear how the equipment-induced error can affect secondary measurements from pressure waveforms. We propose an approach for modelling different components of a pressure monitoring system and use this model-based approach to investigate the effect of different pressure recording configurations on pressure-derived hemodynamic measurements. Approach. The proposed model-based approach is a three step process. (1) Modelling the response of pressure recording components using bench tests; (2) verifying the identified models through nonparametric equivalence tests; and (3) assessing the effects of pressure recording components on pressure-derived measurements. To delineate the application of this approach, we performed a series of model-based analyses to quantify the combined effect of a wide range of tubing configurations with various damping ratios and natural frequencies and monitors with different bandwidths on pressure waveforms and CO measurements by six pulse contour algorithms. Results. Model-based results show the error in pressure-derived CO measurements because of tubing configurations with different natural frequencies and damping ratios. Tubing configurations with low natural frequencies (<23 Hz) altered characteristics of pressure waveforms in a way that affected the CO measurement, some by as much as 20%. Significance. Our method can serve as a tool to quantify the performance of pressure recording systems with different dynamic properties. This approach can be applied to investigate the effects of physiologic signal recording configurations on various pressure-derived hemodynamic measurements.
Exploring nuclear photonics with a laser driven neutron source
Authors: Lan Zechen , Yogo Akifumi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Neutron beams have been providing indispensable tools for a wide range of fields in modern science and engineering. Recently, a new type of pulsed neutron source has been developed, known as laser-driven neutron source (LDNS). The LDNSs utilize laser-accelerated ions, including protons and deuterons as a primary beam and generate neutrons from a secondary target (lithium, beryllium, etc) via a nuclear reaction. Applying an additional moderator part, LDNSs can provide a broad energy range of neutrons (meV ∼ MeV). This paper aims to introduce the current status of LDNS and the results of application-oriented experiments implemented at the Institute of Laser Engineering (ILE) of Japan.
Reliability analysis of cost-efficient CH3NH3PbI3 based dopingless tunnel FET
Authors: Sharma Preeti , Madan Jaya , Pandey Rahul , Sharma Rajnish 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Electrostatically-doped TFETs (ED-TFETs) are amongst the most widely used cost-efficient steeper devices due to the use of charge-plasma technique and tunneling mechanism. However, the reliability analysis of ED-TFETs is considered an important concern for the research community. Most studies have only focused on improving the performance of ED-TFETs such as dopingless (DL)-TFET in terms of on-current (I
ON), subthreshold swing (SS) and threshold voltage (V
th), rather than investigating the reliability issues. In this context, the aim of our work is to investigate the reliability analysis of our previously reported methyl-ammonium lead tri-iodide materials based DL-TFET (MAPbI3-DL-TFET). The influence of interface trap charges, shallow and deep defects on the electrical and analog performance of MAPbI3-DL-TFET has been analyzed using the Silvaco ATLAS tool at room temperature. Extensive results produced show that deep-level (Gaussian) defects impact the performance of the device prominently while the tail defects affect the device performance insignificantly. The present findings showed that the donor/acceptor trap charges impact the device in the subthreshold region considerably, while in the superthreshold region the impact of trap charges is marginal. In our view, these results emphasize the reliability analysis of MAPbI3-DL-TFET for the very first time. We hope that our research will be useful and valuable for DL-TFET manufacturers.
As good as it gets: a scaling comparison of DNA computing, network biocomputing, and electronic computing approaches to an NP-complete problem
Authors: Sudalaiyadum Perumal Ayyappasamy , Wang Zihao , Ippoliti Giulia , van Delft Falco C M J M , Kari Lila , Nicolau Dan V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
All known algorithms to solve nondeterministic polynomial (NP) complete problems, relevant to many real-life applications, require the exploration of a space of potential solutions, which grows exponentially with the size of the problem. Since electronic computers can implement only limited parallelism, their use for solving NP-complete problems is impractical for very large instances, and consequently alternative massively parallel computing approaches were proposed to address this challenge. We present a scaling analysis of two such alternative computing approaches, DNA computing (DNA-C) and network biocomputing with agents (NB-C), compared with electronic computing (E-C). The Subset Sum Problem (SSP), a known NP-complete problem, was used as a computational benchmark, to compare the volume, the computing time, and the energy required for each type of computation, relative to the input size. Our analysis shows that the sequentiality of E-C translates in a very small volume compared to that required by DNA-C and NB-C, at the cost of the E-C computing time being outperformed first by DNA-C (linear run time), followed by NB-C. Finally, NB-C appears to be more energy-efficient than DNA-C for some types of input sets, while being less energy-efficient for others, with E-C being always an order of magnitude less energy efficient than DNA-C. This scaling study suggest that presently none of these computing approaches win, even theoretically, for all three key performance criteria, and that all require breakthroughs to overcome their limitations, with potential solutions including hybrid computing approaches.
Collective amplification of nearby nanoparticles in the Coulomb blockade restricted charging of a single nanoparticle
Authors: Chatelain Baptiste , El Barraj Ali , Badie Clémence , Santinacci Lionel , Barth Clemens 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The characterization of charges in oxide supported metal nanoparticles (NP) is of high interest in research fields like heterogeneous catalysis and microelectronics. A general desire is to manipulate the charge of an oxide supported single NP and to characterize afterwards the charge and its interference with the insulating support but also with nearby NPs in the vicinity. By using noncontact AFM (nc-AFM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) in ultra-high vacuum and at room temperature we show that a ∼5 nm small AuNP can be directly charged with electrons by the AFM tip and that upon the charging, nearby AuNPs sensitively change their electrostatic potential with a large impact on the charge detection by nc-AFM and KPFM. The AuNPs are supported on a 40 nm thick insulating Al2O3 film, which is grown by atomic layer deposition on Si(001). Due to Coulomb blockades, the NP charging appears in the form of large and discrete peaks in detuning versus bias voltage curves. Finite element method calculations reveal that the large peaks can only be observed when the potentials of nearby insulated NPs get modified by the NP’s electron charge, according to the electrostatic induction principle. In view of the number of transferred electrons, we anticipate that after the charging, the electrons are transferred from the AuNP to the NP-Al2O3 interface or into Al2O3 subsurface regions directly underneath.
Clustering in massive neutrino cosmologies via Eulerian Perturbation Theory
Authors: Aviles Alejandro , Banerjee Arka , Niz Gustavo , Slepian Zachary 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We introduce an Eulerian Perturbation Theory to study the clustering of tracers for cosmologies in the presence of massive neutrinos. Our approach is based on mapping recently-obtained Lagrangian Perturbation Theory results to the Eulerian framework. We add Effective Field Theory counterterms, IR-resummations and a biasing scheme to compute the one-loop redshift-space power spectrum. To assess our predictions, we compare the power spectrum multipoles against synthetic halo catalogues from the QUIJOTE simulations, finding excellent agreement on scales k ≲ 0.25 h Mpc-1. One can obtain the same fitting accuracy using higher wave-numbers, but then the theory fails to give a correct estimation of the linear bias parameter. We further discuss the implications for the tree-level bispectrum. Finally, calculating loop corrections is computationally costly, hence we derive an accurate approximation wherein we retain only the main features of the kernels, as produced by changes to the growth rate. As a result, we show how FFTLog methods can be used to further accelerate the loop computations with these reduced kernels.
Reanalysis-driven simulations may overestimate persistent contrail formation by 100%–250%
Authors: Agarwal Akshat , Meijer Vincent R , Eastham Sebastian D , Speth Raymond L , Barrett Steven R H 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Model-based estimates of aviation’s climate impacts have found that contrails contribute 36%–81% of aviation’s instantaneous radiative forcing. These estimates depend on the accuracy of meteorological data provided by reanalyses like ECMWF Reanalysis 5th Generation (ERA5) and Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications V2 (MERRA-2). Using data from 793 044 radiosondes, we find persistent contrails forming at cruise altitudes in 30° N–60° S are overestimated by factors of 2.0 and 3.5 for ERA5 and MERRA-2, respectively. Seasonal and inter-annual trends are well-reproduced by both models (R2 = 0.79 and 0.74). We also find a contrail lifetime metric is overestimated by 17% in ERA5 and 45% in MERRA-2. Finally, the reanalyses incorrectly identify individual regions that could form persistent contrails 87% and 52% of the time, respectively. These results suggest that contrail models currently overestimate the number and lifetime of persistent contrails. Additional observations are needed for future models in order to provide locally accurate estimates of contrails or to support mitigation strategies.