bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyoderma gangrenosum and cobalamin deficiency in systemic lupus erythematosus: a rare but non fortuitous association
Authors: Teoh Sing Chiek , Sim Chun Yang , Chuah Seow Lin , Kok Victoria , Teh Cheng Lay 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon, idiopathic, ulcerative neutrophilic dermatosis. In many cases, PG is associated with a wide variety of different disorders but SLE in association with PG is relatively uncommon. In this article we present the case of a middle aged patient with PG as the initial clinical presentation of SLE. We also provide a brief review of cobalamin deficiency which occurred in our patient and evidence-based management options.Case presentationA 35 years old man presented with a 5 month history of debilitating painful lower limb and scrotal ulcers. This was associated with polyarthralgia and morning stiffness involving both hands. He also complained of swallowing difficulties. He had unintentional weight loss of 10 kg and fatigue. Physical examination revealed alopecia, multiple cervical lymphadenopathies, bilateral parotid gland enlargement and atrophic glossitis. There was Raynaud’s phenomenon noted over both hands and generalised hyper-pigmented fragile skin. Laboratory results disclosed anaemia, leukopenia, hyponatraemia and hypocortisolism. Detailed anaemic workup revealed low serum ferritin and cobalamin level. The autoimmune screen showed positive ANA, anti SmD1, anti SS-A/Ro 52, anti SSA/Ro 60, anti U1-snRNP with low complement levels. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsies confirmed atrophic gastritis and duodenitis. Intrinsic factor antibodies and anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA were all negative. Punch biopsies of the leg ulcer showed neutrophilic dermatosis consistent with pyoderma gangrenosum. Based on the clinical findings and positive immunologic studies, he was diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus. His general condition improved substantially with commencement of corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and vitamin supplements.ConclusionsWe report a case of PG as the first manifestation of SLE which was treated successfully with immunosuppressants and vitamin supplements. Our report highlighted the need to consider connective tissue diseases such as SLE in a patient presenting with PG in order for appropriate treatment to be instituted thereby achieving a good outcome.
Skeletal Muscle Adaptations Following 80 Weeks of Resistance Exercise in Older Adults
Authors: Miller Ryan M. , Bemben Debra A. , Bemben Michael G. 
Published: March 2021

Background and Purpose:
We followed and documented skeletal muscle adaptations from 4 resistance exercise (RE) prescriptions in older adults over the course of a 2-year, 80-week training study.

Methods:
Forty-three older men and women—65.2 (3.5) years, 167.2 (7.5) cm, and 72.5 (14.7) kg—completed one of the following RE prescriptions: high-load 2 days per week (HL2D; n = 12), low-load 2 days per week (LL2D; n = 9), high-load 3 days per week (HL3D, n = 12), or low-load 3 days per week (LL3D, n = 10). High-load prescriptions consisted of 3 sets of 8 repetitions with 80% 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) and low-load prescriptions completed 3 sets of 16 repetitions with 40% 1-RM. Each session consisted of 12 exercises targeting major muscle groups and training loads were adjusted every fifth week to maintain progressive overload. Participants completed 40 weeks of supervised training, had a 2-month break, and then resumed another 40 weeks of supervised training. Bone-free lean body mass (BFLBM) and appendicular lean mass (ALM) were assessed via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) of the rectus femoris with diagnostic ultrasound across the intervention.

Results and Discussion:
Groups responded similarly with significant increases in total strength (54.9%), upper body strength (42.7%), lower body strength (61.5%), and specific strength (50.3%, strength/BFLBM) over 80 weeks (all P < .001). Significant increases for BFLBM (3.0%), ALM (3.5%), and mCSA (48.7%) were also observed (all P ≤ .019). The only difference among groups indicated HL3D displaying significantly greater percent increase than LL2D for ALM (P = .043).

Conclusions:
Resistance exercise performed 2 or 3 days per week with moderate to heavy loads can improve muscle strength and induce small but perhaps clinically significant increases in BFLBM and mCSA in older adults over a 2-year period of supervised training.
Social Experience Interacts with Serotonin to Affect Functional Connectivity in the Social Behavior Network following Playback of Social Vocalizations in Mice
Authors: Petersen Christopher L. , Davis Sarah E. D. , Patel Bhumi , Hurley Laura M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPast social experience affects the circuitry responsible for producing and interpreting current behaviors. The social behavior network (SBN) is a candidate neural ensemble to investigate the consequences of early-life social isolation. The SBN interprets and produces social behaviors, such as vocalizations, through coordinated patterns of activity (functional connectivity) between its multiple nuclei. However, the SBN is relatively unexplored with respect to murine vocal processing. The serotonergic system is sensitive to past experience and innervates many nodes of the SBN; therefore, we tested whether serotonin signaling interacts with social experience to affect patterns of immediate early gene (IEG; cFos) induction in the male SBN following playback of social vocalizations. Male mice were separated into either social housing of three mice per cage or into isolated housing at 18–24 d postnatal. After 28–30 d in housing treatment, mice were parsed into one of three drug treatment groups: control, fenfluramine (FEN; increases available serotonin), or pCPA (depletes available serotonin) and exposed to a 60-min playback of female broadband vocalizations (BBVs). FEN generally increased the number of cFos-immunoreactive (-ir) neurons within the SBN, but effects were more pronounced in socially isolated mice. Despite a generalized increase in cFos immunoreactivity, isolated mice had reduced functional connectivity, clustering, and modularity compared with socially reared mice. These results are analogous to observations of functional dysconnectivity in persons with psychopathologies and suggests that early-life social isolation modulates serotonergic regulation of social networks.
Spread of NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary Greek hospital
Authors: Kontopoulou Κonstantina , Meletis Georgios , Pappa Styliani , Zotou Sofia , Tsioka Katerina , Dimitriadou Panagiota , Antoniadou Eleni , Papa Anna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBacterial carbapenem resistance, especially when mediated by transferable carbapenemases, is of important public health concern. An increased number of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in a tertiary hospital in Thessaloniki, Greece, called for further genetic investigation.The study included 29 non-repetitive carbapenem resistant K. pneumoniae isolates phenotypically characterized as MBL-producers collected in a tertiary hospital in Greece. The isolates were screened for the detection of carbapenemase genes (K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (blaKPC), Verona-integron-encoded MBL-1 (blaVIM-1), imipenemase (blaIMP), oxacillinase-48 (blaOXA-48) and New Delhi MBL (blaNDM)). The genetic relationship of the isolates was determined by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The whole genome sequences (WGS) from two NDM-positive K. pneumoniae isolates were further characterized.The presence of New Delhi MBL (blaNDM) gene was confirmed in all K. pneumoniae isolates, while blaKPC and blaVIM-1 genes were co-detected in one and two isolates, respectively. The RAPD analysis showed that the isolates were clustered into two groups. The whole genome sequence analysis of two K. pneumoniae isolates revealed that they belonged to the sequence type 11, they carried the blaNDM-1 gene, and exhibited differences in the number and type of the plasmids and the resistant genes.All MBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates of the study harbored a blaNDM gene, while WGS analysis revealed genetic diversity in resistance genes. Continuous surveillance is needed to detect the emergence of new clones in a hospital setting, while application of antimicrobial stewardship is the only way to reduce the spread of multi-resistant bacteria.
Forecasting and Seismic Detection of Proglacial Debris Flows at Mount Rainier National Park, Washington, USA
Authors: Beason Scott R. , Legg Nicholas T. , Kenyon Taylor R. , Jost Robert P. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The glaciated Mount Rainier volcano in southwestern Washington State (United States) has a rich history of outburst floods and debris flows that have adversely impacted infrastructure at Mount Rainier National Park in the 20th and 21st centuries. Retreating glaciers leave behind vast amounts of unconsolidated till that is easily mobilized during high-precipitation-intensity storms in the fall months, and during outburst floods during warm summer months. Over 60 debris flows and outburst floods have been documented between 1926 and 2019 at Mount Rainier. Debris-flow activity has led to the closure of campgrounds and visitor destinations, which has limited visitor access to large swaths of the park. This paper documents efforts to characterize and seismically monitor debris flows, map hazards, and develop forecasting approaches for wet and dry weather debris flows. Using the day-of and historic antecedent weather conditions on past debris-flow days, we developed a debris-flow hazard model to help predict those days with a higher relative hazard for debris-flow activity park-wide based on prevailing and forecasted weather conditions. Debris flows are detected in near-real-time using the U.S. Geological Survey Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement (RSAM) tool. If an event is detected, we can then provide evacuation alerts to employees and visitors working and recreating in the areas downstream. Our goal is to accurately forecast the debris-flow hazards up to 7 days ahead of time and then use RSAM to detect debris flows within minutes of their genesis.
Observations and Analyses of the 9 January 2018 Debris-Flow Disaster, Santa Barbara County, California
Authors: Lancaster Jeremy T. , Swanson Brian J. , Lukashov Stefani G. , Oakley Nina S. , Lee Jacob B. , Spangler Eleanor R. , Hernandez Janis L. , Olson Brian P. E. , DeFrisco Mike J. , Lindsay Donald N. , Schwartz Yonni J. , McCrea Solomon E. , Roffers Peter D. , Tran Christopher M. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThe post–Thomas Fire debris flows of 9 January 2018 killed 23 people, damaged 558 structures, and caused severe damage to infrastructure in Montecito and Carpinteria, CA. U.S. Highway 101 was closed for 13 days, significantly impacting transportation and commerce in the region. A narrow cold frontal rain band generated extreme rainfall rates within the western burn area, triggering runoff-driven debris flows that inundated 5.6 km2 of coastal land in eastern Santa Barbara County. Collectively, this series of debris flows is comparable in magnitude to the largest documented post-fire debris flows in the state and cost over a billion dollars in debris removal and damages to homes and infrastructure. This study summarizes observations and analyses on the extent and magnitude of inundation areas, debris-flow velocity and volume, and sources of debris-flow material on the south flank of the Santa Ynez Mountains. Additionally, we describe the atmospheric conditions that generated intense rainfall and use precipitation data to compare debris-flow source areas with spatially associated peak 15 minute rainfall amounts. We then couple the physical characterization of the event with a compilation of debris-flow damages to summarize economic impacts.
Determination of Dynamic Limits for Rig Heave and Running Speed Based on Drilling Parameters, Well Data and Completion Tool Limitations - Case Studies
Authors: Gorski Dmitri , Kvernland Martin , Hals Knut , Blaaflat Margrethe , Ladenhauf Johannes , Aamo Ole Morten , Sangesland Sigbjørn 
Published: March 2021

Summary
A novel method of utilizing simulations of surge and swab induced by floating rig heave is presented in this paper. The intended applications are in well planning and follow-up of drilling and completion operations. We focus on rig heave during drill pipe connections when the rig's heave compensator cannot be engaged. The method consists of: (1) estimating a dynamic, well- and operation-specific, rig heave limit based on surge & swab simulations at different depths in a well and (2) clearly communicating the dynamic rig heave limit to the rig crew and onshore organization as a simple metric. We present cases where this novel methodology has been tested during the drilling and completion of two offshore wells in Norway, and we elaborate on the operators’ view of the method's advantages. We conclude that complementing the traditional fixed rig-specific heave limit with the dynamic one that is based on the properties of the actual well and the actual drilling/completion parameters offers an opportunity to improve management of risks related to breaching well pressure margins or damaging downhole equipment and to reduce costs through reduction of weather-related non-productive time. We show that the dynamic rig heave limit may differ significantly from well to well and also throughout the same well depending on the kind of operation in the well, depth in the well, well geometry and other parameters related to well and operation properties. Our conclusion is that care should be taken when generalizing a maximum allowed rig heave value as is the industry practice today. The benefits of utilizing dynamic well-specific rig heave limit should be assessed during well planning for any well drilled and completed from a floating rig. Well planning software existing today does not offer this functionality.
Identifying Formation Creep – Ultrasonic Bond Logging Field Examples Validated by Full-Scale Reference Barrier Cell Experiments
Authors: Govil Amit , Nevoy Harald , Hovda Lars , Obando Palacio Guillermo A. , Kjeldaas Geir 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As part of plug and abandonment (P&A) operations, several acceptance criteria need to be considered by operators to qualify barrier elements. In casing annuli, highly bonded material is occasionally found far above the theoretical top of cement. This paper aims to describe how the highly bonded material can be identified using a combination of ultrasonic logging data, validated with measurements in lab experiments using reference cells and how this, in combination with data from the well construction records. can contribute to lowering the costly toll of P&A operations.
Ultrasonic and sonic log data was acquired in several wells to assess the bond quality behind multiple casing sizes in an abandonment campaign. Data obtained from pulse-echo and flexural sensors was interactively analyzed with a cross-plotting technique to distinguish gas, liquid, barite, cement, and formation in the annular space. Within the methodology used, historical data on each well was considered as an integral part of the analysis. During the original well construction, either water-based or synthetic oil-based mud was used for drilling and cementing operations, and some formation intervals consistently showed high bonding signature under specific conditions, giving clear evidence of formation creep. Log data from multiple wells confirms formation behavior is influenced by the type of mud used during well construction.
The log data provided information of annulus material with a detailed map of the axial and azimuthal variations of the annulus contents. In some cases, log response showed a clear indication of formation creep, evidenced by a high bond quality around the production casing where cement cannot be present. Based on observations from multiple fields in the Norwegian continental shelf, a crossplot workflow has been designed to distinguish formation from cement as the potential barrier element. NORSOK D-010 has initial verification acceptance criteria both for annulus cement and creeping formation as a well barrier element, both involving bond logs; however, in the case of creeping formation it is more stringent stating that "two independent logging measurements/tools shall be applied." This paper aims to demonstrate how this can be done with confidence utilizing ultrasonic and sonic log data, validated against reference barrier cells (SPE-199578).
Logging responses like those gathered during full-scale experiment of reference barrier cells with known defects were observed in multiple wells in the field. Understanding the phenomenon of formation creep and its associated casing bond signature could have a massive impact on P&A operations. With a successful qualification of formation as an annulus barrier, significant cost and time savings can be achieved.
Reservoir Drilling, Completion and Breaker Fluid Qualification for Direct Injection Wells on the Johan Castberg Field – A Multi-Disciplinary Study to Secure Injectivity
Authors: Eliasson Charlotte , Braadland Ove , Kaarigstad Håvard , Mathisen Anne-Mette , Ibragimova Zalpato , Salmelid Bjarne 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
For the Johan Castberg field development project, injector wells are important for achieving high production and overall high recovery factors. Injectivity has become more important due to limitations in injection pressures and required control of fracture growth. Securing injectivity has been identified as one of the project’s main risks, making drill-in fluid and breaker fluid system qualification a vital parameter for success. Operational procedures and completion design also affect the effectiveness of breaker fluid placement and, thus, the overall injectivity of the well. In this paper, we present a cross-disciplinary systematic approach for the reservoir drill-in fluid and breaker fluid qualification to ensure injectivity in these wells.
Two wells were selected for covering the expected pressure and temperature range of the field in an environmentally sensitive area. Two independent fluid systems were designed, where the bridging material consisted of either sized salt particles or calcium carbonate particles. The open hole completion design has been optimized for an effective breaker fluid placement, using a modified gravel pack system with a wash pipe. The displacement sequence has been optimized for effective deployment. An extensive laboratory test matrix for both the reservoir drilling fluid (RDF) and breaker fluid system was established, including thorough analysis of the interaction between the deposited filter cake and the breaker fluid system. The RDF and breaker fluid formulation optimization was performed whilst keeping in mind the operational requirements and the well’s future injectivity
The presented results show successful qualification of two independent fluid and breaker fluid systems where filter cake breakthrough is achieved within the desired time frame. The fluid systems in combination with the lower completion design and operational procedures ensure maximal reservoir exposure of the breaker fluid solution and enable rapid deterioration of the filter cake.
How Close is Too Close? Saving Undrillable Slots Through Top-Hole Jetting and Drilling in Al-Shaheen Field, Offshore Qatar
Authors: Cousso Olivier , Bilal Ahmed , Sikal Anas , Momot Fabien , Cullen Matthew , Bejaoui Fakhreddine , El Abid Ammar , Aleshin Alexey 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A new joint venture operator, established to take over an existing strategic producing field with ongoing drilling operations, took the opportunity to design a new collision avoidance standard, based on the latest WPTS (Wellbore Positioning Technical Section) probability method collision avoidance rules. This has been combined with an innovative execution approach to safely and successfully unlock slots on congested platforms and drill some of the most difficult well trajectories in this complex field from the very first well.
Al Shaheen field, offshore Qatar, is one of the most challenging fields worldwide in terms of collision avoidance. When drilling extended-reach wells from the last-remaining and most challenging slots, with top-hole separation as low as three feet centre-to-centre at the conductor pipe shoe, close collaboration with all parties is required to manage collision risk, minimise production loss, and ensure all well objectives are achieved. The execution strategy includes simple jetting and rotating BHA designs for 3D-profile trajectories, remote real-time monitoring including 24/7 survey QA/QC and validation, and mitigation through a decision-making matrix customised for the specific drilling challenges.
The platform configuration and challenges in the drilling environment are discussed, together with the theory of the selected collision avoidance rule and the resulting risk matrix. A brief review of why jetting is selected as the only allowable drilling technique in major risk situations plus the story of the evolution of Al Shaheen jetting BHAs follows. Finally, three case studies of top-hole operations describe the practical application of the techniques discussed. The selected case studies describe the jetting operation from the deepest CP (Conductor pipe), the deepest well jetted, and the first 23-in jetting operation carried out by the operator.
The combination of risk analysis through genuine probabilistic considerations, jetting operations, and appropriate oversight has been used successfully for more than two years and has allowed over twenty of the remaining, most challenging, slots to be saved, ensuring the assets are optimised in the ongoing economically-constrained environment.
The WPTS have now published their proposed industry-standard probability-based collision-avoidance rule. These case-history examples of a similar rule from extreme close-approach drilling will assist other operators considering uptake of the new guidelines, as will the risk matrix developed by the operator. In addition, the jetting technique used as a major mitigation factor is seldom used today in the industry and the lessons learned in jetting BHA design have already benefited another operator in the region.