bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BCJ amplitude relations for Anti-de Sitter boundary correlators in embedding space
Authors: Diwakar Pranav , Herderschee Aidan , Roiban Radu , Teng Fei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We generalize the color/kinematics duality of flat-space scattering amplitudes to the embedding space formulation of AdS boundary correlators. Kinematic numerators and propagators are replaced with differential operators acting on a scalar contact diagram that is the AdS generalization of the momentum conserving delta function of flat space scattering amplitudes. We show that color/kinematics duality implies differential relations among AdS boundary correlators that naturally generalize the flat space BCJ amplitude relations and verify them for the correlators of Yang-Mills theory and of the Nonlinear Sigma Model through four- and six-points, respectively. For the latter we also find representations of the four- and six-point correlator that manifest the duality. Possible double-copy procedures in AdS space are also discussed.
O2 permeability of lipid bilayers is low, but increases with membrane cholesterol
Authors: Al-Samir Samer , Itel Fabian , Hegermann Jan , Gros Gerolf , Tsiavaliaris Georgios , Endeward Volker 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOxygen on its transport route from lung to tissue mitochondria has to cross several cell membranes. The permeability value of membranes for O2 (PO2), although of fundamental importance, is controversial. Previous studies by mostly indirect methods diverge between 0.6 and 125 cm/s. Here, we use a most direct approach by observing transmembrane O2 fluxes out of 100 nm liposomes at defined transmembrane O2 gradients in a stopped-flow system. Due to the small size of the liposomes intra- as well as extraliposomal diffusion processes do not affect the overall kinetics of the O2 release process. We find, for cholesterol-free liposomes, the unexpectedly low PO2 value of 0.03 cm/s at 35 °C. This PO2 would present a serious obstacle to O2 entering or leaving the erythrocyte. Cholesterol turns out to be a novel major modifier of PO2, able to increase PO2 by an order of magnitude. With a membrane cholesterol of 45 mol% as it occurs in erythrocytes, PO2 rises to 0.2 cm/s at 35 °C. This PO2 is just sufficient to ensure complete O2 loading during passage of erythrocytes through the lung’s capillary bed under the conditions of rest as well as maximal exercise.
Investigation of the influence of the forming process and finishing processes on the properties of the surface and subsurface of hybrid components
Authors: Budde Laura , Prasanthan Vannila , Kruse Jens , Faqiri Mohamad Yusuf , Lammers Marius , Hermsdorf Jörg , Stonis Malte , Hassel Thomas , Breidenstein Bernd , Behrens Bernd-Arno , Denkena Berend , Overmeyer Ludger 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDue to the increased integration of functions, many components have to meet high and sometimes contradictory requirements. One way to solve this problem is Tailored Forming. Here, hybrid semi-finished products are manufactured by a joining or cladding process, which are then hot-formed and finished. For the design of hybrid components for a possible later industrial application, knowledge about properties of hybrid components is required. In this paper it is investigated how the respective process steps of the Tailored Forming process chain change the surface and subsurface properties of the applied cladding layer. For this purpose, shafts made of unalloyed steel are provided with a high-alloy austenitic steel X2CrNiMo19-12 cladding by laser hot-wire cladding. Subsequently, hot forming is carried out by cross-wedge rolling and the finishing by turning and deep rolling. After each process step, the subsurface properties of the cladding such as microstructure, hardness and residual stress state are examined. Thus, the influence of different process steps on the subsurface properties in the process chain of manufacturing hybrid shafts can be analyzed. This knowledge is necessary for the specific adjustment of defined properties for a required application behavior.
Materializing activism
Authors: Hansson Karin , Pargman Teresa Cerratto , Bardzell Shaowen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOnline activism showcases how available digital tools allow social movements to emerge, scale up, and extend globally by fundamentally enabling new forms of power. This special issue brings together eight research articles that engage with the collaborative efforts embedded in various types of activism by studying features such as the socio-technical systems involved; how the activism is organized; relations between traditional and social media; and the complex network of systems, information, people, values, theories, histories, ideologies, and aesthetics that constitutes such activisms. The articles show the spaces in which this activism materializes, and particularly their situation in several intersecting dimensions including motivation, culture, language, and infrastructure. Together, these articles reflect the methodological breadth required to materialize online activism and the need to develop a more nuanced conceptualization of the media ecologies involved. By mapping out how activism is enabled and constrained by human-computer interfaces, this special issue contributes to open up the black box of online activism.
Queer Space: Toilet Provision, Access and Inclusion in the West Midlands
Authors: Colliver Ben , Duffus Melindy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction
This article explores issues relating to toilet provision in queer spaces. With a specific focus on the implementation of gender neutral toilets, it interrogates both practical and symbolic issues of inclusivity and accessibility.

Methods
The findings presented in this paper are based on 12 semi-structured interviews that were conducted and analysed in 2020. The data was analysed thematically, utilising an inductive approach to analysis.

Results
The results from this study highlight that spaces often considered ‘inclusionary’ operate within a number of ‘exclusionary’ frameworks. These unspoken and informal ‘rules’ and practices operate to exclude people considered ‘undesirable’ and function to uphold power structures that privilege cisgender, white gay men.

Conclusions
This article extends our understanding of the ways in which people engage with, and access, both gender neutral and sex-segregated toilets. Through an analysis of complex issues relating to accessibility, inclusivity and the politicisation of queer spaces, this article argues that the implementation of gender neutral toilets holds strong practical and symbolic power within a heteronormative, cis-normative society.

Policy Implications
The results from this study indicate that providing more gender neutral spaces improves accessibility for a range of people, but also has significant political power in challenging cis-normative, heteronormative standards.
A new assessment of perforation skin factor for vertical perforated wells in near-wellbore region
Authors: Abobaker Ekhwaiter E. R. , Elsanoose Abadelhalim , Khan Faisal , Rahman Mohammad Azizur , Aborig Amer , Noah Khalid , Butt Stephen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe perforating technique is one of the well completion methods and a final stage that helps connect reservoir formation to wellbore during hydrocarbon production. The present work aimed to determine the effect of the perforated casing completion on the pressure gradient and perforation skin factor in the vertical near-wellbore region. This work presented a novel experimental approach for studying the effect of perforation parameters on hydrocarbon production by creating a prototype representing the near-wellbore region. The study conducted extensive laboratory testing to create two prototype artificial samples for a cylindrical near-wellbore region, open hole, and perforated casing sample. An experimental test was carried out using a geotechnical radial flow setup to measure the differential pressure in the two samples; the single-phase (water) was radially injected into the core sample within the same flow boundary conditions. Numerical simulation and statistical analysis were used to expand the investigation of the effect of the dimensions and distribution of perforations on the perforation skin factor and the pressure gradient in the cylindrical near-wellbore region. The results showed a clear view of the effect of the perforations’ parameters on the pressure gradient in the vertical near-wellbore region. In addition, two novel correlations were produced from statistical analysis that simplified the estimation of the perforation skin factor in the perforated casing completion. This study will help to clarify and understand the effect of perforation parameters on well productivity.
Modelling the effect of grain anisotropy on inter-granular porosity
Authors: Katre Shreya , Nair Archana M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPorosity is the dominant factor that determines the exploitable capacity of sedimentary reservoir rocks. Generally, pore heterogeneity is poorly represented in subsurface geological models due to the complexity. Granular mixtures produce complex pore space controlled by grain size, grain shape, and grain sorting. Heterogeneities in pore space volume are present at micro- and nanoscales in granular mixtures due to packing conditions resulting from deposition and diagenesis. In the present study, three-dimensional packing models were generated to provide a realistic description of granular mixtures. Accordingly, this study presents static packing models for unit cells idealised for spherical and elongated grains using cubic, orthorhombic, and rhombohedral packing models. Subsequently, the grain shape effects in terms of elongation degree and grain size distribution in terms of the degree of sorting were evaluated. The mixing effect on the inter-granular porosity for each unit cell packing model was analysed. A range of porosity values was derived using grain parameters generated through in-house developed MATLAB codes from digital FESEM images of sandstone samples. Our study demonstrates that actual grain size does not influence porosity, but for real sandstone samples, the sorting and shape of grains affect porosity values. The range of porosity values estimated by this method can be realistic at the basin level as the grain shape effects replicate sediment maturity. The developed method can be adopted in the distributed spatial models on porosity, especially for basin-scale hydrocarbon resource estimation.
Calibration of the X-ray Diffraction Technique in Measuring In-service Stresses in Corrugated Steel Bars
Authors: Sánchez-Beitia Santiago , Luengas-Carreño Daniel , Lourenço Paulo B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe X-ray diffraction technique for determining residual stresses in construction steels has been commonly used in the international scientific community for decades. Taking advantage of the concepts on which the technique is based, the authors have previously calibrated and used the technique for the in situ determination of the stress states of metallic structures in service. This article presents an advance in the latter utility by means of the laboratory calibration of the X-ray diffraction technique in corrugated steel. The interaction between radiation and steel is complex, so, in the scientific community, it is considered pertinent to resort to empirical and experimental calibration processes. Two bars of corrugated steel were subjected to increasing tensile loads. The load states introduced in the testing machine were compared with those determined by X-ray diffraction. The correlation between the values of the loads applied and those determined by the proposed technique is excellent. The experimental conditions of the calibration tests are precisely detailed so that they are easily reproducible. This work represents a necessary first step in employing the technique in the buildings or civil works.
The association of the quality of sleep with proinflammatory cytokine profile in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: Sobolewska-Włodarczyk Aleksandra , Włodarczyk Marcin , Talar Marcin , Wiśniewska-Jarosińska Maria , Gąsiorowska Anita , Fichna Jakub 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The role of circadian rhythm abnormalities in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains relatively unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the inflammatory cytokine profile in the IBD patients and its relationship with the quality of sleep.

Methods
Prospective, single-center observational cohort study was performed. In all enrolled adult IBD patients, the disease activity was assessed using Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) for Crohn’s disease (CD) and Partial Mayo Score for ulcerative colitis (UC), respectively. To assess the quality of sleep, all patients were asked to respond to a questionnaire to define Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index (PSQI). From all enrolled patients, 15 ml venous blood was taken to determine serum inflammatory cytokine levels and perform standard laboratory tests.

Results
Fifty-two IBD patients were enrolled in the study: 32 with CD and 20 with UC. The poor sleep was noted in 69.4% of patients with clinically active and in 6.3% of patients with inactive disease. In the group of IBD patients with poor sleep, the significantly higher level of serum IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 were observed. In IBD patients with exacerbation, the significantly higher level of serum IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 were recorded.

Conclusions
The relationship between quality of sleep and proinflammatory cytokine profile may show us a predisposition for the development of inflammatory intestinal lesions in IBD patients with sleep disturbances. This knowledge may allow the pharmacological and behavioral therapies of circadian rhythm abnormalities to become new significant targets in IBD patients.
Penile Girth Injection Complications: A Case Report
Authors: Baird Bryce Alden , Robertson Nick , Broderick Gregory A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Penile enhancement procedures are becoming more common in men looking to achieve a more desirable penile aesthetic. We describe a case of post-procedural dermatitis after receiving penile girth enhancement injections in an adult male and discuss management of penile girth injection side effects.

Materials and Methods
We review and present our case alongside a discussion of girth injection complications.

Results
Patient's exam and symptoms improved after treatment.

Conclusion
Post-procedural complications after penile girth injections seem to be under-reported and unfortunately can result in severe deformity and dysfunction of the penis.
Effects of different types of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation donors on Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia during the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ponvilawan Ben , Owattanapanich Weerapat , Charoenngam Nipith , Kungwankiattichai Smith 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Matched donor (MD) allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is currently the preferred choice of treatment for Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) patients who have achieved complete remission. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of allo-HSCTs from different donor types for Ph+ ALL patients who received tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Methods:
Studies in EMBASE and MEDLINE between inception and December 2020 were identified using search terms related to “Ph+ ALL” and “HSCT.” Eligible studies were studies with Ph+ ALL patients who received a TKI and allo-HSCT. The primary outcomes of interest–the overall survival (OS) or relapse-free survival (RFS)–needed to be reported. The Mantel–Haenszel method was used to combine the effect estimates and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of each donor type.

Results:
Fourteen cohort studies were identified for the meta-analysis. Haploidentical (HID)-HSCT for Ph+ ALL patients resulted in a superior RFS to MD-HSCT, with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.57 (95% CI, 1.05–2.32; I2 = 0%). However, HID-HSCT and MD-HSCT had comparable OS. Furthermore, HID-HSCT group had a significantly lower relapse rate than MD-HSCT group. On the other hand, the risks of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) were higher for HID-HSCT and pooled OR of chronic GvHD rate. The OS and RFS of matched sibling-HSCT, matched unrelated-HSCT, and cord blood-HSCT were comparable with those of HID-HSCT.

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that HID-HSCT is as effective as MD-HSCT in Ph+ ALL patients.
S-limit shadowing is generic for continuous Lebesgue measure-preserving circle maps
Authors: BOBOK JOZEF , ČINČ JERNEJ , OPROCHA PIOTR , TROUBETZKOY SERGE 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper we show that generic continuous Lebesgue measure-preserving circle maps have the s-limit shadowing property. In addition, we obtain that s-limit shadowing is a generic property also for continuous circle maps. In particular, this implies that classical shadowing, periodic shadowing and limit shadowing are generic in these two settings as well.
The micro-task market for lemons: data quality on Amazon's Mechanical Turk
Authors: Ahler Douglas J. , Roush Carolyn E. , Sood Gaurav 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhile Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) has reduced the cost of collecting original data, in 2018, researchers noted the potential existence of a large number of bad actors on the platform. To evaluate data quality on MTurk, we fielded three surveys between 2018 and 2020. While we find no evidence of a “bot epidemic,” significant portions of the data—between 25 and 35 percent—are of dubious quality. While the number of IP addresses that completed the survey multiple times or circumvented location requirements fell almost 50 percent over time, suspicious IP addresses are more prevalent on MTurk than on other platforms. Furthermore, many respondents appear to respond humorously or insincerely, and this behavior increased over 200 percent from 2018 to 2020. Importantly, these low-quality responses attenuate observed treatment effects by magnitudes ranging from approximately 10 to 30 percent.
Suicidal ideation in people with tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tailor B V , Thompson R E , Nunney I , Agius M , Phillips J S 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTinnitus is associated with a variety of cognitive, psychosocial and psychiatric disorders, and may contribute to suicidality. However, the prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI) in tinnitus populations has not previously been systematically reviewed.MethodMedline, Embase and PsychInfo were searched in August 2020 to identify studies that assessed suicidal ideation in people aged 16 years and above with subjective tinnitus.ResultsSix cross-sectional studies were included, representing 7192 tinnitus sufferers across 4 countries. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation in tinnitus populations was 20.6 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 10.8–30.3 per cent; I2= 88 per cent). Two studies included a control population, in which the prevalence of suicidal ideation was significantly lower. The quality of included studies was variable.ConclusionIt is not possible to arrive at any reasonable conclusion given the lack of quality studies, meaning the pooled prevalence should be interpreted very cautiously. Suicidal ideation may be more prevalent in tinnitus populations. Further large-scale epidemiological research investigating this relationship is needed, which may help psychiatric risk stratification.
The interrelationship between social connectedness and social engagement and its relation with cognition: a study using SHARE data
Authors: Paiva Andreia F. , Cunha Cláudia , Voss Gina , Delerue Matos Alice 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUnderstanding how psychosocial factors can promote better cognition in mid- and later life is important for making recommendations regarding policies and intervention programmes. This study focuses on two psychosocial aspects (social connectedness and social engagement) in order to assess their independent contribution to explaining cognition, but also how their interrelationship acts on cognition. We hypothesised that each of the factors is positively associated with cognition, but also that a combination of both factors contributes more to cognition than each of the factors independently. Our sample comprises 66,504 individuals who participated in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Multilevel linear regression analyses were performed. The results show that higher levels of social engagement and social connectedness are associated with improved cognition. When studying the interaction of social engagement and social connectedness and its association with cognitive function, the analysis shows that better cognitive scores are found in individuals having high levels of both social engagement and social connectedness. Moreover, when one of these aspects is lacking, the other plays a role in cognition protection. This study indicates the importance of social connectedness and social engagement for preserving/developing cognition, which greatly contributes to the quality of life of middle-aged and older adults.
Local urban government policies to facilitate healthy and environmentally sustainable diet-related practices: a scoping review
Authors: Barbour Liza , Lindberg Rebecca , Woods Julie , Charlton Karen , Brimblecombe Julie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective:
This scoping review sought to describe the policy actions that urban local governments globally have implemented to facilitate healthy and environmentally sustainable diet-related practices.

Setting:
Urban local government authorities.

Design:
Five databases were searched to identify publications which cited policies being implemented by local governments within the 199 signatory cities of the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact (MUFPP) that targeted at least one healthy and sustainable diet-related practice. Grey literature was then searched to retrieve associated policy documentation. Data from both sources were charted against the MUFPP’s monitoring framework to analyse the policy actions included in each overarching policy.

Results:
From 2624 screened peer-reviewed studies, 27 met inclusion criteria and cited 36 relevant policies amongst signatory cities to the MUFPP. Most were from high income countries (n 29; 81 %), considered health (n 31; 86 %), equity (n 29; 81 %) and the broader food system beyond dietary consumption (n 34; 94 %). Of the 66 policy actions described, the most common involved food procurement within public facilities (n 16; 44 %) and establishing guidelines for school-feeding programs (n 12; 33 %).

Conclusions:
This review has demonstrated that urban local government authorities are implementing policies that consider multiple phases of the food supply chain to facilitate population-wide uptake of healthy and sustainable diet-related practices. Opportunities exist for local governments to leverage the dual benefits to human and planetary health of policy actions, such as those which discourage the overconsumption of food including less meat consumption and the regulation of ultra-processed foods.