bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rotator Cuff Tendon Healing Using Human Dermal Fibroblasts: Histological and Biomechanical Analyses in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Lee Ji-Hye , Kim Yun Hee , Rhee Sung-Min , Han Jikhyon , Jeong Hyeon Jang , Park Joo Hyun , Oh Joo Han , Jeon Saewha 
Published: September 2021

Background: Tenocytes derived from tendons have been reported to be effective in the treatment of rotator cuff tears through the expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Human dermal fibroblasts, known to express collagen types I and III as tenocytes do, may likely be substitutes for tenocytes to enhance healing rotator cuff tears. Purpose: To demonstrate the capability of human dermal fibroblasts to enhance healing of rotator cuff tears. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: The cellular properties and expression profiles of growth factors were compared between human dermal fibroblasts and tenocytes. In both cell types, a series of extracellular matrix proteins were analyzed along with matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases involved in the collagenolytic system. A total of 35 rabbits were divided into 5 groups: normal (n = 2), saline control (n = 9), fibrin control (n = 9), low dose of human fibroblasts (HF-LD; n = 9), and high dose of human fibroblasts (HF-HD; n = 6). Cells were injected into the sutured lesions at 6 weeks after creation of bilateral rotator cuff tears, followed by histological and biomechanical analyses at 12 weeks. Results: Human dermal fibroblasts exhibited a protein expression pattern similar to that of tenocytes. More specifically, the expression levels of collagen types I and III were comparable between fibroblasts and tenocytes. The histological analysis of 30 surviving rabbits showed that collagen fibers were more continuous and better oriented with a more mature interface between the tendon and bone in the sutured lesions in the HF-LD and HF-HD groups. Most importantly, biomechanical strength, measured using the load to failure at the injection site, was 58.8 ± 8.9 N/kg in the HF-HD group, increasing by approximately 2-fold ( P = .0003) over the saline control group. Conclusion: Human dermal fibroblasts, showing cellular properties comparable with tenocytes, effectively enhanced healing of chronic rotator cuff tears in rabbits. Clinical Relevance: Human dermal fibroblasts can be used in place of tenocytes to enhance healing of rotator cuff tears.
Effects of post-treatment electroacupuncture on ventricular monophasic action potential and cardiac function in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Tang Jian , Ren Wenxin , Liu Yanqiu , Gao Hong , Wang Yuanliang , Huang Suisui 
Published: September 2021

Background: To determine the effects of post-treatment electroacupuncture (EA) on the electrophysiological properties of ventricular muscle in rats with ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned into sham-operated (SH), IR and IR + EA groups ( n = 8 each). The IR model was generated by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery for 30 min. After establishing the IR model, EA was administered at PC6 for 30 min while opening the coronary artery and allowing reperfusion for 30 min. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure and monophasic action potential (MAP) of cardiac muscle in the outer membrane of the antetheca of the left ventricle before coronary artery ligation ( T0), after coronary artery ligation for 30 min ( T1) and after reperfusion for 30 min ( T2) were recorded. At the same time, ventricular electrophysiological parameters including ventricular effective refractory period (ERP), conduction velocity (CV) and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) were measured. Then, the cardiac function and the levels of creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were monitored. Based on these data, monophasic action potential amplitude (MAPA), the maximum depolarization velocity ( Vmax) and the MAP durations at 50% and 90% repolarization (MAPD50 and MAPD90) were calculated to determine the incidence of arrhythmia during reperfusion. Results: Compared with the SH group, the IR group showed an obviously decreased HR as well as reduced mean arterial pressure, Vmax, CV, ERP and MAPA. All indices of cardiac function except left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) decreased (i.e. ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), fractional shortening (FS) and rate of the ventricular pressure rise/drop (±dp/dt)). Furthermore, the MAPD50 and MAPD90 were prolonged, and the levels of CK-MB and cTnI increased ( p < 0.05). In comparison to the IR group, HR and the mean arterial pressure were increased. All indices of cardiac function except LVEDP increased (LVSP, LVEF, FS and ±dp/dt). Vmax, CV, ERP and MAPA were also increased in the IR + EA group. However, MAPD50 and MAPD90 were distinctly shortened, and the levels of CK-MB and cTnI decreased ( p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in VFT between the three groups ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: EA post-treatment can relieve prolongation of repolarization and slowed depolarization of ventricular muscle during IR, thus decreasing the rate of incidence of reperfusion arrhythmia.
A pig model of tunneled dialysis catheter (TDC) infection and dysfunction: Opportunities for therapeutic innovation
Authors: Celdran-Bonafonte Diego , Wang Lihua H , Jarrouj Aous , Campos-Naciff Begona , Janda Jaroslav , Roy-Chaudhury Prabir 
Published: September 2021

Background: Although tunneled dialysis catheters (TDC) are far from ideal, they still represent the main form of vascular access for most patients beginning dialysis. Catheters are easy to place and allow patients instant access to dialysis, but regardless of these benefits, catheters are associated with a high incidence of significant complications like bloodstream infections, central venous stenosis, thrombosis, and dysfunction. In the present study, we aim to describe and characterize a swine model of catheter dysfunction and bloodstream infection, that recreates the clinical scenario, to help to serve as a platform to develop therapeutic innovations for this important clinical problem. Methods: Six Yorkshire cross pigs were used in this study. Non-coated commercial catheters were implanted in the external jugular recreating the main features of common clinical practice. Catheters were aseptically accessed twice a week for a mock dialysis procedure (flushing in and out) to assess for and identify catheter dysfunction. Animals were monitored daily for infections; once detected, blood samples were collected for bacterial culture and antibiograms. Study animals were euthanized when nonresponsive to treatment. Tissue samples were collected in a standardized fashion for macroscopic inspection and histological analysis. Results: The data analysis revealed an early onset of infection with a median time to infection of 9 days, 40% of the isolates were polymicrobial, and the average time to euthanasia was 20.16 ± 7.3 days. Median time to catheter dysfunction onset was 6 days post-implantation. Postmortem dissection revealed external fibrin sheath and internal thrombosis as the main causes of catheter dysfunction. There was also evidence of central venous stenosis with positive cells for αSMA, CD68, Ki67, Smoothelin, and Vimentin within the venous neointima. Conclusions: The described model represents a reliable and reproducible large animal model of catheter dysfunction and bloodstream infection, which recreates all the main complications of TDC’s and so could be used as a validated large animal model to develop new therapies for TDC related infection, thrombosis/dysfunction and central venous stenosis.
Repurposing haloperidol for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: an integrative approach using data mining techniques
Authors: Nakagawa Chihiro , Yokoyama Satoshi , Hosomi Kouichi , Takada Mitsutaka 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has advanced with the introduction of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. However, more than 20% of patients with RA still have moderate or severe disease activity. Hence, novel antirheumatic drugs are required. Recently, drug repurposing, a process of identifying new indications for existing drugs, has received great attention. Furthermore, a few reports have shown that antipsychotics are capable of affecting several cytokines that are also modulated by existing antirheumatic drugs. Therefore, we investigated the association between antipsychotics and RA by data mining using real-world data and bioinformatics databases. Methods: Disproportionality and sequence symmetry analyses were employed to identify the associations between the investigational drugs and RA using the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (2004–2016) and JMDC administrative claims database (January 2005–April 2017; JMDC Inc., Tokyo, Japan), respectively. The reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information component (IC) were used in the disproportionality analysis to indicate a signal. The adjusted sequence ratio (SR) was used in the sequence symmetry analysis to indicate a signal. The bioinformatics analysis suite, BaseSpace Correlation Engine (Illumina, CA, USA) was employed to explore the molecular mechanisms associated with the potential candidates identified by the drug-repurposing approach. Results: A potential inverse association between the antipsychotic haloperidol and RA, which exhibited significant inverse signals with ROR, IC, and adjusted SR, was found. Furthermore, the results suggested that haloperidol may exert antirheumatic effects by modulating various signaling pathways, including cytokine and chemokine signaling, major histocompatibility complex class-II antigen presentation, and Toll-like receptor cascade pathways. Conclusion: Our drug-repurposing approach using data mining techniques identified haloperidol as a potential antirheumatic drug candidate.
Patients’ Experience of New Technologies and Digitalization in Diabetes Care in Germany
Authors: Kulzer Bernhard , Heinemann Lutz , Roos Timm 
Published: September 2021

Background:Little is little known about how people with diabetes experience advancing digitization and new technologies in diabetes.Research question:What are the attitudes of people with diabetes (or, in the case of children with diabetes, their parents) toward digitization and advancing technology in diabetology? What significant advantages and disadvantages do they see, and how do they assess current developments of digitization in diabetology (eg, hybrid closed-loop systems, do-It-Yourself (DIY) closed-loop systems, data protection, and data donation)?Material and method:3,427 people with diabetes (47.7% female, 65.6% type 1 diabetes (T1D), 25.5% type 2 diabetes (T2D), 8.1% parents of children with diabetes; 0.8% other type of diabetes, age 49.2 ± 19.3 years) were interviewed with an online survey.Results:Overall, survey participants had a very positive attitude toward digitization (82.6%) and considered the potential for optimizing diabetology through digitization to be very high (78.8%). The highest rated advantages of digitization were “greater personal responsibility and self-determination in therapy” (80.0%), “better quality of treatment” (80.0%), and “better communication with the doctor/diabetes team” (77.3%), while the highest rated disadvantages were the “error-proneness of digital applications” (35.9%), the “risk of misuse of patient data” (32.3%) and the “fear that digitization will replace the doctor in many cases” (31.1%). The possibility of evaluating and analyzing glucose data by means of software, and AID systems, and the possibility of improving the interoperability of the various applications are currently rated as the most significant topics.Conclusions:The vast majority of people with diabetes are very positive about new technologies in diabetology and expect that it will improve and simplify their diabetes therapy and reduce the burdens associated with diabetes. In particular, people with type 1 diabetes have high expectations for AID systems, viewing them as a kind of “technical cure” for their diabetes.
Millennial’s Tide Over the COVID-19 Crises: Buying Behavior of Indian Millennial’s Post-COVID-19 Crises
Authors: Jain Anil , Joshi Nirmala , Mayee Anand J. 
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic had a catastrophic effect on the economies of the world. The COVID-19 crises had a huge impact on the way in which buying and selling is done. Complex consumer buying behavior became all the more unpredictable. For most companies, the pandemic had created a situation for innovation like never before. Generation Z (Gen Y) and generation Z (Gen Z) were the most affected segments during the turmoil. These generations are experiencing a roller-coaster ride. These cohorts were fast in adapting to the new challenges arising out of the COVID-19 upheaval. Gen Z had to attend online classes, while Gen Y was either attending online classes or those with jobs were working from home. Purpose: This article makes an attempt to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the buying behavior of the Indian millennials and to know the major sectors of the Indian economy which were exorbitantly influenced by them. Methodology: The research article is based on secondary data obtained from leading financial dailies, news reports observations and discussions with acquaintances. Findings: The research study hopes to shed light on the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the buying habits of the young generation in India. It will act as a beacon for companies to develop marketing strategies that are in congruence with the mindset of the millennial. Successful business models can be worked out keeping the millennial as the focus. Originality: The research is genuine and creatively inscribed; it visualizes the researchers’ speculation about the situation
The expression of BECN1, LC3B, and BCL2 genes in eutopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tantanavipas Siriluk , Aojanepong Tepchongchit , Waiyaput Wanwisa , Sophonsritsuk Areepan 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Both autophagy and apoptosis play a role in the cyclic remodeling of the endometrium. The abnormal regulation of genes and signaling pathways in the eutopic endometrium plays a role in the abnormal migration and implantation in adenomyosis. Objective: The present study investigates the mRNA expression of autophagy and apoptosis-related genes BECN1, LC3B, and BCL2 in the eutopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis compared with healthy premenopausal women. Materials and methods: The present work was a cross-sectional study conducted between July 2018 and April 2019. The participants were 32 premenopausal women who attended the surgery for adenomyosis and other benign gynecological conditions. The participants were divided into two groups, with 16 women in the adenomyosis group and 16 healthy women in the control group. Endometrial tissues were collected during the proliferative menstrual phase for a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The mRNA expression of BECN1, LC3B, and BCL2 were normalized by geometric mean mRNA expression of actin and GAPDH. There was no significant difference in mRNA expression for all three genes when comparing the control and adenomyosis groups. Conclusions: The mRNA expressions of autophagy-related genes BECN1 and LC3B and anti-apoptosis-related gene BCL2 were not significantly different in the eutopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis compared with healthy premenopausal women during the proliferative menstrual phase.
Economic and Performance Impact of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in National Basketball Association Players
Authors: Vaudreuil Nicholas J. , van Eck Carola F. , Lombardo Stephen J. , Kharrazi F. Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are one of the most devastating injuries seen in the National Basketball Association (NBA). No previous studies have examined the economic impact of ACL tears in the NBA. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine the economic impact of ACL tears on NBA players and teams by calculating the costs of recovery (COR) and classifying players based on preinjury success level (All-Star or equivalent, starter, or reserve) and salary (in US$ million: <1.5, 1.5-4, or >4 per season). It was hypothesized that players with a lower preinjury salary or primarily a reserve role would have decreased costs, lower rates of return to play (RTP), and shorter careers. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: We reviewed the publicly available records of NBA players treated with ACL reconstruction from 2000 to 2015. Data collected included player demographics, player salaries, statistical performance using player efficiency rating (PER), and specifics regarding time missed and RTP rate. Results: A total of 35 players met the study inclusion criteria. The cumulative economic loss from ACL injuries in the NBA from 2000 to 2015 was $99 million. The average COR was $2.9 million per player. RTP rate was 91% overall, with 70% retention at 3 years. Players that made a salary of less than $1.5 million per season before the injury had a significant drop in PER (difference of –7), RTP rate of 63%, and only 37% retention at 3 years. Conversely, recovering All-Star players also had a significant drop in PER (–6.2), and no players repeated as All-Stars in the season after ACL reconstruction (0%), although they did have a 100% RTP rate and an average career length of 5.6 seasons postinjury. Conclusion: While the RTP rate in NBA athletes remained high, ACL reconstruction can result in decreased statistical performance and/or inability to return to prior levels of play. Players who made less than $1.5 million preinjury or played primarily in a reserve role were associated with lower RTP and retention in the NBA at 3 years.
Trade Facilitation, Diversity and Intra-Regional Exportability: A Study of Small Island Economies in the Caribbean and the South Pacific
Authors: Rai Khushbu , Maiti Dibyendu 
Published: September 2021

Despite the contentious success of the trade agreements, the island countries have still been vehemently negotiating further trade deals. This study explores the element which enhances trade flows for selected Commonwealth countries in the Caribbean and Pacific regions. The results suggest that income (gross domestic product) growth as significant support for trade flows, regional trade integrations of the Pacific and Caribbean are explained in its quiet dynamism, worth strengthening and further reforming. This study, by means of a comparative investigation of selected countries from within the Pacific and the Caribbean regions, proposes that the strategy for enhancing trade integration is creating demand for diversification in the region through greater regional integration. The estimates demonstrate that the level of diversification positively impacted the regions’ bilateral export, having the Pacific region influenced almost twice as much like the Caribbean. Moreover, whilst understanding that the geographical location of the Caribbean already lets its states thrive through lower trading costs as compared to the Pacific, analysis in the study shows that the distance, remoteness and logistics difficulties inflate the price (or trade costs) limiting the success of regional trade agreements. JEL Classification: F13, F15
Combined ibrutinib and venetoclax treatment vs single agents in the TCL1 mouse model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Kater Arnon P. , Slinger Erik , Cretenet Gaspard , Martens Anne W. , Balasubramanian Sriram , Leverson Joel D. , Eldering Eric 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase ibrutinib and the specific Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax are both highly efficacious single-agent drugs in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Based on their complementary modes of action, ibrutinib and venetoclax are hypothesized to act in a synergistic fashion. Currently, it is unclear whether combined treatment is indeed superior to continuous single-agent treatment and what mechanisms underlie the resistance to combination treatment. In addition, the effects of such treatment on the skewed T-cell compartment characteristic of CLL are as yet unknown. In the murine Eµ-TCL1 adoptive transfer model resembling aggressive CLL, we found that combined treatment resulted in the deepest responses, with the longest duration related to a combination of decreased proliferation and increased induction of apoptosis. In addition, alterations in T-cell subsets were most prominent after combination treatment, with increased naive cells and reduced effector memory cells. Remarkably, effects of single agents but also combination treatment were eventually interrupted by relapse, and we found downregulation of BIM expression as a plausible cause of acquired drug resistance. Nevertheless, in this murine model, the combination of venetoclax and ibrutinib has increased efficacy over single agents, accompanied by a restoration of the T-cell compartment.
Machine learning–based scoring models to predict hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in allogeneic donors
Authors: Xiang Jingyu , Shi Min , Fiala Mark A. , Gao Feng , Rettig Michael P. , Uy Geoffrey L. , Schroeder Mark A. , Weilbaecher Katherine N. , Stockerl-Goldstein Keith E. , Mollah Shamim , DiPersio John F. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Mobilized peripheral blood has become the primary source of hematopoietic stem cells for both autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is currently the standard agent used in the allogeneic setting. Despite the high mobilization efficacy in most donors, G-CSF requires 4–5 days of daily administration, and a small percentage of the donors fail to mobilize an optimal number of stem cells necessary for a safe allogeneic stem cell transplant. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed 1361 related allogeneic donors who underwent stem cell mobilization at Washington University. We compared the standard mobilization agent G-CSF with five alternative mobilization regimens, including GM-CSF, G-CSF+GM-CSF, GM-CSF + Plerixafor, Plerixafor and BL-8040. Cytokine-based mobilization strategies (G-CSF or in combination with GM-CSF) induce higher CD34 cell yield after 4–5 consecutive days of treatment, while CXCR4 antagonists (plerixafor and BL-8040) induce significantly less but rapid mobilization on the same day. Next, using a large dataset containing the demographic and baseline laboratory data from G-CSF–mobilized donors, we established machine learning (ML)–based scoring models that can be used to predict patients who may have less than optimal stem cell yields after a single leukapheresis session. To our knowledge, this is the first prediction model at the early donor screening stage, which may help identify allogeneic stem cell donors who may benefit from alternative approaches to enhance stem cell yields, thus ensuring safe and effective stem cell transplantation.