bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updating the consensus on fishway efficiency: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Hershey Henry 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo update the consensus on the effectiveness of fish passage mitigation structures or “fishways,” I conducted a meta‐analysis on the fish passage literature and synthesized attraction and passage efficiency estimates from 60 peer‐reviewed articles. One hundred unique species were studied at 75 unique fishways of various designs and sizes yielding 210 and 252 estimates of attraction and passage efficiency, respectively. Following Bunt et al. (River Research and Applications, 28, 2012, 457), the fishways were grouped into five types: nature‐like, denil, pool‐and‐weir, vertical slot or locks and lifts that were operated automatically. Generalized linear mixed effects models showed that fishway type was not a significant predictor of passage efficiency, although nature‐like fishways had significantly lower attraction efficiency than other types. Neither fishway slope, nor elevation change was significant predictors of attraction or passage efficiency. Models comparing efficiency between ecological guilds of fishes (pelagic or benthic and rheophilic or limnophilic) showed that attraction and passage efficiency were highest for pelagic rheophiles and lowest for limnophiles. Models comparing migratory guilds of fishes (diadromous, potamodromous, facultative or non‐migratory) showed that diadromous species outperformed other guilds, as expected. Fish that were captured inside or above fishways had significantly higher passage performance than fish that were naive to the fishway. Inconsistency in fishway evaluation methods was pervasive in the surveyed literature and made this meta‐analysis challenging. When designing studies of fishway evaluations, researchers should conform to best practices so that their results are more generalizable and their conclusions of wider scope.
Neighborhood Blighted Property Removal and 311 Calls for Non‐Emergency Services: A Test of a Marker of Social Control
Authors: Theall Katherine P. , Morrison Christopher N. , Jacoby Sara F. , Tucker Amber , Wallace Maeve E. , Kondo Michelle C. , Branas Charles C. , Gustat Jeanette 
Published: March 2021

Many studies have demonstrated that collective efficacy is associated with positive health outcomes, lower crime, and violence in urban communities, and residents’ emotional connection to their community. Remediation of blighted properties has been theoretically linked to increases in collective efficacy. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of blighted property remediation on city non‐emergency 311 calls for public incivilities and deterioration, as potential markers of collective efficacy. We used a quasi‐experimental design to test whether 311 calls for service changed around remediated vacant lots in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, many of which were left vacant after Hurricane Katrina in 2005. In six city neighborhoods eligible for blighted property remediation as part of a city program, 203 treated vacant lots were matched 1:3 without replacement to control lots that were eligible for but did not receive treatment. This yielded a total of 812 vacant lots partitioned within 48 months, or 38,976 lot‐months. Controls were in the same New Orleans neighborhoods as their matched treatment lots but were at least 250 feet away to minimize contamination. Overall difference‐in‐differences models detected postintervention declines in calls related to dumping and garbage, and slight but mostly non‐significant changes in calls between intervention and control lots in all but calls for dumping and vehicles. Blighted property remediation may have an impact on dumping and garbage, which is important. Despite being geographically specific, low‐cost and longitudinal, the nature of 311 calls and structural and historic factors at play in both the concentration of vacant properties in communities and residents’ willingness to call must be considered. Further analyses of changes in 311 data and additional qualitative inquiry are warranted to more fully determine the utility of these data.
From zero to infinity: Minimum to maximum diversity of the planet by spatio‐parametric Rao’s quadratic entropy
Authors: Rocchini Duccio , Marcantonio Matteo , Da Re Daniele , Bacaro Giovanni , Feoli Enrico , Foody Giles M. , Furrer Reinhard , Harrigan Ryan J. , Kleijn David , Iannacito Martina , Lenoir Jonathan , Lin Meixi , Malavasi Marco , Marchetto Elisa , Meyer Rachel S. , Moudry Vítězslav , Schneider Fabian D. , Šímová Petra , Thornhill Andrew H. , Thouverai Elisa , Vicario Saverio , Wayne Robert K. , Ricotta Carlo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimThe majority of work done to gather information on the Earth's biodiversity has been carried out using in‐situ data, with known issues related to epistemology (e.g., species determination and taxonomy), spatial uncertainty, logistics (time and costs), among others. An alternative way to gather information about spatial ecosystem variability is the use of satellite remote sensing. It works as a powerful tool for attaining rapid and standardized information. Several metrics used to calculate remotely sensed diversity of ecosystems are based on Shannon’s information theory, namely on the differences in relative abundance of pixel reflectances in a certain area. Additional metrics like the Rao’s quadratic entropy allow the use of spectral distance beside abundance, but they are point descriptors of diversity, that is they can account only for a part of the whole diversity continuum. The aim of this paper is thus to generalize the Rao’s quadratic entropy by proposing its parameterization for the first time.InnovationThe parametric Rao’s quadratic entropy, coded in R, (a) allows the representation of the whole continuum of potential diversity indices in one formula, and (b) starting from the Rao’s quadratic entropy, allows the explicit use of distances among pixel reflectance values, together with relative abundances.Main conclusionsThe proposed unifying measure is an integration between abundance‐ and distance‐based algorithms to map the continuum of diversity given a satellite image at any spatial scale. Being part of the rasterdiv R package, the proposed method is expected to ensure high robustness and reproducibility.
The longer‐term labor market impacts of paid parental leave
Authors: Stock Wendy A. , Inglis Myron 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough paid family leave (PFL) has the potential to improve labor market and other outcomes for mothers, there is also concern that PFL might also lead to discrimination against women of childbearing age. We examine the impact of California's paid family leave law (CA‐PFL) on labor market outcomes over time during the post‐law decade, as well as the law's effect for groups with differing levels of education. Results indicate that the law had negligible impacts on young women's labor force participation, unemployment duration, and earnings, but persistent small negative impacts on their relative employment. The negative employment impacts are concentrated among college‐educated women, for whom the law is associated with a 2–3 percentage point decrease in labor force participation and a 1–2 percentage point decline in employment. The CA‐PFL does not appear to have impacted the relative labor force participation, employment, unemployment duration, or earnings of less‐educated young females.
Circulating long noncoding RNA growth arrest‐specific transcript 5 as a diagnostic marker and indicator of degree of severity in plaque psoriasis
Authors: Ahmed Shehata Wafaa , Maraee Alaa , Abd El Monem Ellaithy Manal , Tayel Nermin , Abo‐Ghazala Asmaa , Mohammed El‐Hefnawy Sally 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe current study aims at evaluating the role of circulating or cell‐free long noncoding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) growth arrest‐specific 5 (GAS5) in plaque psoriasis and at investigating its relationship with the presented clinical data.MethodsThis case‐control study was conducted on 180 subjects, divided into two main categories as follows: 90 cases with plaque psoriasis and 90 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Full history taking, thorough general examination, and full dermatological examination with determination of number and site of lesions were performed. Disease severity was assessed by Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score. Relative quantification of the expression level of cell‐free lncRNA (GAS5) was performed using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) technique.ResultsThere was significant increase of GAS5 expression level in cases when compared with controls (U = 719.0, P < 0.001). Indeed, there was significant positive correlation between GAS5 and PASI score (r = 0.0.668, P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that GAS5 could identify patients from controls: GAS5 at a cut‐off value ≥0.31 provides a sensitivity of 95.56% and a specificity of 82.22%; at a cut‐off value ≥0.75, it can differentiate between mild and moderate cases, at a sensitivity of 77.78% and a specificity of 91.43%; at a cut‐off value ≥1.61, it can discriminate between moderate and severe cases, with a sensitivity of 71.43% and a specificity of 74.07%.ConclusionlncRNA GAS5 expression could be considered as a diagnostic marker of plaque psoriasis and indicator of its severity.
Developing Museum Education Content: AR Blended Learning
Authors: Lee JiHye , Lee Hyun‐Kyung , Jeong Dabin , Lee JiEun , Kim TaeRyun , Lee JiHyon 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTraditional museums of culture and history are failing to develop or make effective use of augmented reality (AR) technology. To address this deficit, the present study sought to develop online and offline experiential AR learning tools that would enable children to more fully explore museum artefacts. The study approach was based on the Blended Learning Model, which utilises symbiotic online and offline conversions and arrangements to enhance learning effectiveness. First, the study investigated the characteristics and limitations of existing AR technology from the perspective of children’s education by focusing on cultural assets. Second, an educational app with cultural heritage content was designed on the basis of a survey of stakeholders’ perceptions and needs. A blended learning experiment was then conducted, involving five steps (1) making a 3D assembly model (offline); (2) viewing the 3D model through the AR app; (3) learning about the cultural relic from a textbook (offline); (4) exploring the 3D model through the AR Quiz Game (online); and ( 5) visiting the museum (offline). This programme was found to be appropriate for elementary school third and fourth graders, who responded with high levels of flow and interest. The findings suggest that this experiential AR blended learning tool provides a more meaningful experience that motivates children to appreciate the value of cultural/historical assets.
Effects of classroom‐based active breaks on cognition, sitting and on‐task behaviour in children with intellectual disability: a pilot study
Authors: Mazzoli E. , Salmon J. , Pesce C. , Teo W.‐P. , Rinehart N. , May T. , Barnett L. M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundClassroom‐based active breaks can help typically developing children reduce sitting, increase physical activity and improve cognitive functions and on‐task behaviour. Yet, this strategy has not been tested in children with intellectual disability (ID) – a population who are insufficiently active. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 5‐week active breaks intervention on cognitive functions and on‐task behaviour in schoolchildren with ID.MethodsTwenty‐four children, aged between 8 and 12 years (37.5% girls), were recruited. Children's cognitive functions (response inhibition, lapses of attention, interference and working memory) were measured at baseline and end of trial using computer‐based tests. Sitting, standing and movement patterns were assessed with inclinometers, and on‐task behaviour was directly observed in the classroom before and after active breaks, at baseline, mid‐trial and end of trial. Linear mixed models were used to investigate the intervention effects on cognitive functions and sedentary patterns; generalised linear mixed models were used to analyse on‐task behaviour data.ResultsA significant time × group interaction was found for working memory favouring the intervention (B = 11.56, 95% confidence interval [1.92, 21.21]). No significant effects were found in relation to the other measures of children's cognition or on‐task behaviour. Stepping time and bouts of sitting were positively affected.ConclusionsClassroom‐based active breaks can increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in children with ID and might also benefit their working memory. Further research is required to clarify the effects on cognition and to investigate whether this strategy has other benefits in this population.
Market Reforms at the Zero Lower Bound
Authors: CACCIATORE MATTEO , DUVAL ROMAIN , FIORI GIUSEPPE , GHIRONI FABIO 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper studies the impact of product and labor market reforms when the economy faces major slack and a binding constraint on monetary policy easing—such as the zero lower bound (ZLB). To this end, we build a model with endogenous producer entry, labor market frictions, and nominal rigidities. We find that while the effect of market reforms depends on the cyclical conditions under which they are implemented, the ZLB itself does not appear to matter. In fact, when carried out in a recession, the impact of reforms is typically stronger when the ZLB is binding. The reason is that reforms are inflationary in our structural model (or they have no noticeable deflationary effects). Thus, contrary to the implications of reduced‐form modeling of product and labor market reforms as exogenous reductions in price and wage markups, our analysis shows that there is no simple across‐the‐board relationship between market reforms and the behavior of real marginal costs. This significantly alters the consequences of the zero (or any effective) lower bound on policy rates.
Sex differences in dopamine innervation and microglia are altered by synthetic progestin in neonatal medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Lolier Melanie , Wagner Christine K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe synthetic progestin 17‐α‐hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17‐OHPC) is commonly prescribed to pregnant women with a history of preterm delivery, despite little evidence of efficacy. The timing of 17‐OHPC administration coincides with fetal mesocortical dopamine pathway development, yet the potential effects on cortical development and cognition are almost unknown. In rodent models, exposure to 17‐OHPC significantly increased dopaminergic innervation of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), an aberrant pattern of connectivity that may underlie deficits in cognitive flexibility observed in adulthood. In the present study, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity was used to determine whether 17‐OHPC altered dopaminergic innervation of the mPFC during a neonatal period of synaptogenesis in males and females. Although there were no differences in the amount of TH‐immunoreactive (‐IR) fibres, there was a sex difference in TH‐IR fibre distribution in deep layers of the prelimbic area (PL) mPFC; males had a narrower pattern of dopaminergic innervation than females. 17‐OHPC exposure abolished these sex‐specific patterns, such that 17‐OHPC females had a narrower pattern in the PL than control females. In the infralimbic mPFC (IL), 17‐OHPC males had a broader pattern of distribution of TH‐immunoreactivity than control males with no differences in the amount of TH‐IR fibres. 17‐OHPC also created a sex difference in which males had a lower TH‐IR fibre density than females. We also examined microglia, brain macrophages that play a key role in sculpting dopaminergic axon outgrowth in development, using phenotype as an indirect measure of microglial activity. Females had a greater number of reactive stout microglia compared to males in the PL, and males had more active round microglia than females in the IL. 17‐OHPC treatment abolished the sex differences in both regions. These findings demonstrate that developmental exposure to 17‐OHPC can exert differential effects in males and females and may diminish sex differences in cortical maturation.
Congenital orbital teratoma: A clinicopathologic case report
Authors: Yang Zhifen , Du Lijia , Zhang Huixin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHere we report an extremely rare case of immature congenital orbital teratoma. The ultrasound scan at the 28+1 week of gestation revealed a massive, solid, and cystic mass in the left orbital region of the fetus. The lesion site was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Based on clinical examination and imaging, the diagnosis of orbital teratoma without intracranial extension was made. Histopathological examination further confirmed the diagnosis of immature teratoma. The clinical course, radiographic, and histopathological findings of this disease were also summarized.
Space, race and identity: An ethnographic study of the Black hair care and beauty landscape and Black women's racial identity constructions in England
Authors: Lukate Johanna M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCentering the identity‐related impact of spatial structures and physical environments in shaping the sense of being and belonging of people in the diaspora is a key decolonial feminist project for and within psychology. This paper presents an ethnographic study that combines observations at three Black hair salons in England with a total of 25 qualitative interviews with Black women (n = 18) and experts such as hairdressers (n = 7). The question this study seeks to answer is: ``How are Black women's racial identities constructed, structed and shaped by and through their interactions with and navigation of the Black hair care and beauty landscape in England?’’ This paper shows that participants reflected on the navigation of space as an identity‐relevant experience. Moreover, racial identity construction happens in place through encounters and socio‐spatial interactions and Black women's ways of seeing, being, and inhabiting the world. Lastly, this paper argues the centrality or marginality of Black hair salons is relative, dependent upon the location and situatedness of the person searching or visiting it. This paper thus highlights avenues for future research into the space‐ race‐identity nexus and invites an examination of the identity‐related significance that spatial arrangements carry for people in the diaspora.
Effects of sleep deprivation on maternal behaviour in animal models: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pires Gabriel N. , Oliveira Thainá B. , Mello Victoria F. F. , Bezerra Andréia G. , Leenaars Cathalijn H. C. , Ritskes‐Hoitinga Merel , Tufik Sergio , Andersen Monica L. 
Published: March 2021

SummaryPregnancy is a period of numerous physical and emotional changes in women’s lives, including alterations in sleep patterns and worsening of pre‐existing sleep disturbances, which possibly lead to impaired postpartum maternal behaviour and mother–infant relationship. The effects of sleep deprivation during pregnancy in maternal behaviour have been evaluated in preclinical studies, but have provided inconsistent results. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of sleep deprivation during pregnancy on maternal behaviour of animals through a systematic review and meta‐analyses. After a two‐step selection process, six articles were included, all of them describing rat studies. The most frequently used method of sleep deprivation was rapid eye movement sleep restriction, using the multiple‐platform method. Four meta‐analyses were performed, none of them presenting significant impact of sleep deprivation on maternal behaviour, failing to reproduce the results observed in previous clinical studies. In conclusion, our results show a lack of translational applicability of animal models to evaluate the effects of sleep deprivation during pregnancy on maternal behaviour.
Impact of recent drug use on the efficacy of elbasvir/grazoprevir for HCV‐infected people on opioid agonist therapy
Authors: Macías Juan , Téllez Francisco , de los Santos Ignacio , Morano Luis E. , Merino Dolores , Granados Rafael , Vera‐Mendez Francisco , González‐Serna Alejandro , Campo‐Moneo Esther , García‐Fraile Lucio , García Federico , Real Luis M. , Pineda Juan A. ,   For the RIS‐HEP20 Study and the HEPAVIR and GEHEP Study Groups
Published: March 2021

AbstractElbasvir/grazoprevir (EBR/GZR) use in drug users on opiate agonist therapy (OAT) is supported by the C‐EDGE Co‐STAR trial. SVR rates in this study were within those found in the rest of patients included by the EBR/GZR development programme. In clinical practice, however, efficacy could theoretically be lower. Thus, we aimed at evaluating the SVR rates of EBR/GZR among people who injected drugs (PWID) with and without OAT in clinical practice. Patients starting EBR/GZR included in the HEPAVIR‐DAA (NCT02057003), recruiting HIV/HCV‐coinfected patients or the GEHEP‐MONO (NCT02333292), including HCV‐monoinfected individuals, prospective cohorts were analysed. Overall SVR12 (ITT), discontinuations due to adverse effects and drop‐outs were evaluated. The same analysis was carried out for PWID with and without OAT. 336 patients had started EBR/GZR and reached the SVR12 evaluation date. 318 [95%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 92%‐98%] patients achieved SVR12. SVR12 was 97% (95% CI: 93%‐99%, n/N = 141/145) among people who never used injecting drugs, 94% (95% CI: 88%‐97%, n/N = 117/125) among PWIDs without OAT and 91% (95% CI: 81%‐97%, n/N = 60/66) among PWIDs with OAT (p = 0.134). Five (1.5%) patients showed relapses, and two (0.6%) individuals showed viral breakthrough. The SVR12 rate for recent drug users was 69% (n/N = 18/26) compared with 97% (n/N = 276/284) for individuals without recent drug use (in the prior year) (p < 0.001). Among recent drug users, three (12%) showed relapses, and five (19%) were lost‐to‐follow‐up. The SVR rates achieved with EBR/GZR were high in real‐world conditions of use. However, PWID with recent drug use reach suboptimal response rates with EBR/GZR.
Death certificates compared to SEER‐Medicare data for surveillance of liver cancer mortality due to hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection
Authors: Jiang Joy J. , Shiels Meredith S. , O’Brien Thomas R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. To investigate the completeness of death certificates for recording viral hepatitis in HCC death, we compared the proportion of HCC deaths with hepatitis virus infection reported on death certificates to that reported as claims in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare database among individuals ≥66 years of age. For 2001–2015, we tabulated proportions of HCC deaths with HBV or HCV infection in each database overall, and by demographic factors. To correct for under ascertainment of viral hepatitis‐associated HCC on death certificates, we multiplied by the reciprocal ratio of death certificates to SEER‐Medicare. Among HCC decedents, HBV infection was reported on 3.6% of death certificates and 17.2% of Medicare claims. For HCV, corresponding proportions were 14.9% and 26.9%. The ratio of HBV‐attributable HCC deaths in death certificates to SEER‐Medicare remained ~0.21 over time. The ratio of HCV‐attributable HCC deaths decreased 22.1% per year, from 0.70 in 2001 to 0.37 in 2003, and increased 4.1% per year, from 0.47 in 2004 to 0.66 in 2015. Following correction, the 2015 mortality rate from death certificate data increased from 0.2 to 0.9 per 100,000 for HBV‐attributable HCC and from 2.3 to 3.5 per 100,000 for HCV‐attributable HCC. In conclusion, among older Americans dying from HCC, death certificates captured 21% of HBV and 55% of HCV infections compared to Medicare claims. Our results suggest that death certificates provide incomplete data for viral hepatitis‐associated HCC surveillance.