bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REVOLUTIONARY UNDERPINNINGS IN POETRY: A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF OSUNDARE’S THE EYE OF THE EARTH
Authors: Diko Joshua Ali , Lucas Saba 
Published: July 2021

Language, whether written or spoken, is used for different purposes by man. The textual function of language makes it possible for writers especially poets to lend their voice to local, national and international matters of interest through written poetry. In most cases, poetry functions more than being just a mirror to the society; it has the implicit intent of causing a change, thus, it is underpinned with criticisms that could incite revolution in readers which could upturn the status quo. The intention is to awaken readers to the reality and to critically engage their mind in order to make a rethink so as to see the ‘evil’ behind the ‘good’ in the society. The data for analysis were purposively selected from Osundare’s poetry collection The Eye of the Earth. Stylistics was deployed as the theoretical framework to analyse the selected data while, Blending Theory was deployed to unearth the meaning-making process in the analysed data. From the analysis, different stylistic devices used such as simile, rhetorical question, metaphor, parallelism etc. reveal societal ills and condemn apathy in readers with the aim of inciting revolution towards having an egalitarian society. The study found out that new meaning is created through blending of concepts from different input spaces. A general and common ground is derived from the input spaces which are used to derive new meaning. This linguistic dexterity is intended by the poet to project his message to readers in a subtle way. The study concluded that Osundare’s The Eye of the Earth contains implicit revolutionary nuances aimed at motivating readers to rise against the injustices in the society towards achieving an egalitarian society. Also, the poet decries man’s injurious activities to nature and opts for preservation of natural endowments thus, the aim of this study is achieved which is to unearth the revolutionary nuances embedded in the selected and analysed data. Apart from its contribution to existing literature especially in communication, this study presents a methodology and a theoretical framework that is helpful in the appreciation of literary writings.
Acoso escolar: una base para la delincuencia juvenil en Bogotá
Authors: Carreño Valderrama Rocío Catalina , Jaramillo Garavito Steffanny Dayana 
Published: July 2021

El acoso escolar es definido como la agresión de un alumno a otro que se convierte en víctima cuando se encuentra sometido continuamente y durante un largo tiempo a acciones violentas o agresivas por parte de uno o varios compañeros (Olweus, 1986, p.2). Esta problemática a afectado la población juvenil en Colombia durante décadas y se ha convertido en objeto de estudio por las diferentes causas y consecuencias que trae en la vida de las personas implicadas, sus familias y demás entornos sociales.
Asimismo, se han analizado otros factores de esta situación que, sin tener las medidas de atención y control, pueden convertirse en problemáticas de mayor complejidad a mediano y largo plazo, como es el caso de jóvenes que cometen actos delictivos. A través de la metodología cuantitativa, analizamos estas conductas en estudios realizados anteriormente como base para la fundamentación de este artículo; En este sentido, derivan problemáticas relacionadas con pandillas, uso y abuso de sustancias psicoactivas, porte ilegal de armas, entre otros; aspectos que son evidentes en muchos ambientes escolares de nuestro país y específicamente en la ciudad de Bogotá D.C.
Factor de riesgo ergonómico por videoterminal en teletrabajadores de call center
Authors: López Quicasaque Sandra Julieth , Franco Roa Damaris 
Published: July 2021

El propósito del presente artículo es analizar el factor de riesgo ergonómico por video terminal, que con frecuencia se presenta en los teletrabajadores de un Call Center realizando labores y desarrollando funciones desde su casa para beneficio de la compañía o empresa.
Para esto se realiza un estudio documental bibliográfico en el que se investigan los lugares donde los teletrabajadores cumplen sus funciones laborales y están expuestos por una u otra razón a factores de riesgo que podrían llegar a convertirse en enfermedades bien sea por movimientos repetitivos o por posturas fuera de los ángulos de confort en el puesto de trabajo etc. Además, es importante mencionar que esta modalidad de trabajo (teletrabajo) se está incluyendo cada día más en el mercado gracias a la Tecnología de la Información y la Comunicación y que por ende las personas que tienen esta forma de empleo deben capacitarse periódicamente para el buen uso de las mismas.
Technical note: A new approach to discriminate different black carbon sources by utilising fullerene and metals in positive matrix factorisation analysis of high-resolution soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer data
Authors: Bibi Zainab , Coe Hugh , Brooks James , Williams Paul I. , Reyes-Villegas Ernesto , Priestley Michael , Percival Carl J. , Allan James D. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol particles are known to have detrimental
effects on human health and climate. Black carbon is an important
constituent of atmospheric aerosol particulate matter (PM), emitted from
incomplete combustion. Source apportionment of BC is very important, to
evaluate the influence of different sources. The high-resolution soot
particle aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-SP-AMS) instrument uses a laser
vaporiser, which allows the real-time detection and characterisation of
refractory black carbon (rBC) and its internally mixed particles such as
metals, coating species, and rBC subcomponents in the form of HOA + fullerene.
In this case study, the soot data were collected by using HR-SP-AMS during
Guy Fawkes Night on 5 November 2014. Positive matrix factorisation was
applied to positively discriminate between different wood-burning and
bonfire sources for the first time, which no existing black carbon source
apportionment technique is currently able to do. Along with this, the use of
the fullerene signals in differentiating between soot sources and the use of
metals as a tracer for fireworks has also been investigated, which did not
significantly contribute to the rBC concentrations. The addition of
fullerene signals and successful positive matrix factorisation (PMF) application to HR-SP-AMS data
apportioned rBC into more than two sources. These bonfire sources are
HOA + fullerene, biomass burning organic aerosol, more oxidised oxygenated
organic aerosol (MO-OOA), and non-bonfire sources such as hydrocarbon-like OA
and domestic burning. The result of correlation analysis between HR-SP-AMS
data and previously published Aethalometer, MAAP, and CIMS data provides an
effective way of gaining insights into the relationships between the
variables and provide a quantitative estimate of the source contributions to
the BC budget during this period. This research study is an important
demonstration of using HR-SP-AMS for the purpose of BC source apportionment.
Flying: an exploration of fidelity
Authors: de Salis Charles 
Published: July 2021

Using my draft novel, Flying, as a source work, the writing of the adaptive screenplay explores adaptation of the modern novel as both process and product from the perspective of a single creator of both works. Flying employs the literary tropes that make the modern novel challenging to adapt for the screen, including shifting internal realities, dreams, fluid frames of reference, stream of consciousness, multiple points of view, and subjective and objective time. This research project involves reflecting on the process and engaging with the dissonance that exists between the scholarly discussion of adaptation and professional practice. This is nowhere more contentious than in regard to the concept of fidelity – the “faithfulness” of the adaptive work to the source work. While the concept of fidelity has been widely critiqued in the academic world, in my experience the issue of fidelity is central to professional practice and therefore should be interrogated rather than dismissed.
Myasthenia gravis and COVID-19: a systematic review of case reports and case series
Authors: Roveron Débora Lilian , Luiz Gonçalves dos Santos Ivan , Luiz Gonçalves dos Santos Julio , Fernandes Alem Najila , Gabriel Pacetti Capobianco João 
Published: July 2021

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease involving neuromuscular transmission and possible respiratory failure when concomitant with COVID-19. The aim of this study was to analyze the need for ventilatory support (VS), length of hospital stay (LOS) and mortality in patients diagnosed with MG and COVID-19. In this systematic review, PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE and IBECS databases were searched for primary studies published from January 2010 to March 2021, with no language restrictions. Fourteen eligible studies were identified. The main factor associated with the need for VS was the use of antibiotics other than azithromycin (AZM) for the treatment of COVID-19 (RR 1.60; 95% CI 1.20–2.91; p = 0.009). Patients who used hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and AZM had almost twice the risk of needing invasive ventilatory support (IVS) (RR 1.94; 95% CI 1.07-3.52; p = 0.16). There were nonsignificant trends towards less need for IVS in patients who used intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and corticosteroid therapy (RR 0.54; 95% CI 0.09–3.26; p = 0.60). There was a trend towards shorter LOS in patients who received therapy with IVIg and corticosteroid therapy [8 (5 - 8) vs 19 (12.2–23.7); p = 0.007]. 10.3% (n = 4/39) died and 100% did not use IVIg or IVIg and prednisone. There was a non-significant trend towards higher mortality in patients who used AZM (RR 2.55; 95% CI 0.26–30.02; p = 0.60). IVIg and corticotherapy presented themselves as a favorable alternative in relation to the outcomes.KEY WORDS: Coronavirus infections; length of stay; Myasthenia gravis; Respiratory insufficiency.
Enteric parasites and socio-epidemiological variables in an academic community
Authors: Souza Passos Aldery , Da Silva Santos Raissa , Dos Santos Andrade Raoni , Ribeiro Santos Junior Edemilton , Santos Bomfim Erica , Sousa Ribeiro Livia , Andrade dos Santos Glauber , Araujo de Albuquerque Wesley , Amor Ana Lúcia Moreno 
Published: July 2021

Studies linking human health to environmental conditions are essential since parasitic diseases are connected to environmental and sanitary aspects. This study identified the prevalence of enteric parasites in an academic community in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil. The purpose was to determine the existence, or not, of links between infections and socio-epidemiological variables, such as personal hygiene habits, the presence of sewage systems and the environment. Participants answered a questionnaire and received universal collectors for fecal samples. Spontaneous sedimentation methods and Rugai were used for diagnosis. One hundred twenty-one samples were analyzed, in which a 38.8% parasite prevalence was detected as well as a 61.7% rate of monoparasitism, as well as a predominance of protozoa Endolimax nana (78.7%) and Giardia duodenalis (21.3%). Among parasitized individuals, 97.9% lived in the Recôncavo Baiano region. The following statistical significance stands out in the findings, with p<0.05: individuals who had already bathed in the local river were more likely to be parasitized than those who had not (p = 0.034) and individuals who washed their hands more frequently before meals proved to be less prone to intestinal parasitic infections (p = 0.018). Results evidenced the presence of enteric parasites in a number of participants in spite of their being university students. The socio-epidemiological variables analyzed brought to light characteristics that favor the establishment of the epidemiological infection triad, such as improper packaging of household waste on disposal and no records of regular domestic water tank cleaning.
KEY WORDS: Enteric parasites; environment; diagnosis; health education.
The catechins profile and antioxidant activity in different types of green tea bags
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Ez al-Din Khazal Najm 
Published: July 2021

Tea and mainly green tea as a rich source of antioxidants has been widely known for some time. The antioxidant capacity of tea including green tea is mainly due to its catechins content. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the ORAC value and the catechins content. Regular and decaffeinated commercial green tea bags commonly consumed in the United Kingdom (UK) have been examined using Reversed-Phase High-pressure Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). Teabags were purchased from different local supermarkets in the UK and extracted with natural mineral water at temperature 100°C for 9 minutes at the pre-adjusted pH 4. The level of four catechins (Epi-structured) for the thirteen types of green tea were separated and determined by HPLC analysis, i.e. ()-epigallocatechin (EGC), ()-epicatechin (EC), ()-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and ()-epicatechin gallate (ECG). The standard graphs were validated using certified reference catechins supplied by the Laboratory of the Government Chemist (LGC). The levels of total catechins and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values varied from 34.61to 204.55 mg/g, 830.19- 4197.81 Trolox equivalents/g tea bags for thirteen types of green teas respectively. It was clear from the results of this study that there was a significant linear and positive correlation (r = 0.951, df = 12, p < 0.05) is found to exist between the total catechins contents and ORAC values. It can be concluded that the results of catechins measurements coupled to this; the well-known ORAC assay was successfully modified to measure the antioxidant capacity of the green tea extracts throughout this study. Furthermore, the higher the level of catechins the higher is the antioxidant capacity of the tea. This may stimulus consumers in selecting the type of tea and tea brewing times, exhibiting more health benefits. Nevertheless, the differences between the studied brands are owing to shelf life, production and storage conditions.
إثر طرق النقل في التباين المكاني للسكان مراكز الاستيطان الريفي في محافظتي واسط وميسان
Authors: عبدالأمير هديل هشام , الطائي لطيف هاشم 
Published: July 2021

تعد دراسة التباين المكاني للسكان من حيث (حجم السكان ونموهم والتوزيع وتوزيعهم الجغرافي ) بمراكز الاستيطان الريفي من العوامل البشرية التي تؤثر في تحديد مسارات الطرق البرية بشكل عام والطرق الريفية وامتدادها بشكل خاص ، وذلك لان السكان هم مستخدمو الطريق من جهة وهم المعول عليهم في الأنشطة الاقتصادية من جهة أخرى ، اذ أن مخطط الطرق يعتمد في إنشاء ومد الطرق على دراسة الجدوى الاقتصادية ، ويبرز دور السكان وخصائصهم كعامل مؤثر في تشيد الطرق من خلال تطور الطرق وشبكاتها ومقارنتها مع السكان وحجمهم وخصائصهم .
MaPA and EdiPA: two analytical tools for text-sound-image interrelations in music videos
Authors: Borém Fausto 
Published: July 2021

Two consecutive analytical tools are presented here: MaPA (Map of Audiovisual Performance) and EdiPA (Audiovisual Performance Edition). I introduce these tools as a possible way of organizing and representing the content of music videos as primary sources of analysis. Both tools aim at understanding the interrelationsof the trinomial text-sound-image which is fundamental to the interaction between musical performance and its context. The construction of a MaPA begins with the selection of isolated photograms or a sequence of photograms extracted from a video with the intention to show the relationships between music and staging elements (facial expressions, larger body gestures, props, lighting, camera effects, image manipulation, filming techniques etc.). The EdiPA is built to graphically highlight fundamental sound elements which are transcribed from the video with some kind of music notation (such as the traditional score, lead sheets, graphics, spectrograms etc.) over which photograms from MaPAs are overlaid with its respective video timings (in minutes and seconds) and a succinct textual information to facilitate the comprehension of the text-sound-image trinomial. The use of both analytical tools is illustrated here with various types of MaPAs and EdiPAs samples, from simple ones to more complex ones. I also propose the recognition of three types of music video recordings (illustrated here with performances of Brazilian singer Elis Regina and singer-composer Caetano Veloso), which consider the interference of the video direction and the levels of freedom and planning of the musicians’ performance: (1) non-spontaneous performances, (2) quasi-spontaneous performances (3) spontaneous performances.
Into the Spotlight: Tracing the Role of the Black Figure in Art over Two Centuries
Authors: Jimerson Lauren 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Two revelatory exhibitions probed the vital topic of the representation of the black model in art: Posing Modernity: The Black Model from Manet and Matisse to Today, at Columbia University’s Wallach Art Gallery in New York, and Le Modèle noir de Géricault à Matisse, at the Orsay Museum in Paris. A transatlantic venture unprecedented in scale, these shows enriched the public’s understanding of modern art and the significant role of the black figure therein. Playing on the dual meanings of the word model—both an artist’s model and an exemplary figure—these exhibitions revealed the identities of black models, previously unknown or understudied, while also celebrating the achievements of black artists, writers, and performers. Expanding on Denise Murrell’s groundbreaking research on Édouard Manet’s model Laure as well as Henri Matisse’s engagement with African American culture, the Wallach and the Orsay spotlighted the complex and pivotal role of the black model in Western art history.
Circulating micrornas sebagai novel biomarker untuk diagnosis pasien acute ischemic stroke: sebuah kajian sistematis
Authors: Ramadhan Arman Caesar , Azzahra Latif Nur Fatimah , Yaqin Muhammad Ainul 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) merupakan jenis stroke dengan insidensi tertinggi utamanya pada kelompok usia lanjut. Saat ini, neuroimaging menjadi modalitas utama dalam penegakan diagnosis stroke, akan tetapi masih memiliki beberapa kelemahan, seperti ketersediaan yang terbatas, biaya yang mahal, waktu yang cukup lama untuk prosedurnya, serta pada beberapa kasus ditemukan hasil interpretasi gambar yang sering tidak konsisten pada stroke fase awal. Sehingga diperlukan alat diagnostik yang cepat, tepat, dan sederhana untuk diagnosis AIS. Saat ini, tipe tertentu dari circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) ditemukan dapat menjadi biomarker untuk diagnostik AIS. Tujuan kajian ini untuk melakukan profiling sekaligus mengevaluasi nilai diagnostik circulating miRNA pada pasien AIS dibandingkan dengan pasien hemorrhagic stroke (HS) dan individu sehat.
Metode: Tinjauan sistematis ini mengumpulkan literatur dari PubMed, Science Direct, Clinical Trial.gov, Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ), dan Epistemonikos menggunakan metode standar dengan pedoman cochrane untuk tinjauan sistematis guna mengevaluasi nilai diagnostik dari circulating miRNA sebagai biomarker untuk AIS berdasarkan sensitivitas, spesifitas, dan nilai Area Under the Curve (AUC).
Pembahasan: Dari 870 studi, 15 studi sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Dari studi yang ditinjau menunjukkan bahwa hsa-miR-106b-5P dan kombinasi miR-125a-5p + miR-125b-5p + miR-143-3p sebagai jenis miRNA yang paling efektif menjadi biomarker dalam mendiagnosis AIS dan membedakannya dengan individu sehat. Sedangkan miR-124-3p merupakan jenis miRNA yang paling efektif menjadi biomarker untuk membedakan AIS dan HS.
Simpulan: Circulating miRNA yang diisolasi dari plasma, serum, dan darah manusia dapat digunakan sebagai biomarker diagnostik untuk AIS.

Kata Kunci: acute ischemic stroke, circulating microRNAs, diagnostik
Faktor – Faktor Terkait Tingkat Keparahan Infeksi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Sebuah Kajian Literatur
Authors: Haq Abiyyu Didar , Nugraha Adli Putra , Wibisana I Komang Gede Andhika , Anggy Febbi , Damayanti Fiana , Syifa R.R. Ditya Mutiara , Widhiani Ni Putu Visty , Warnaini Cut 
Published: July 2021

Pendahuluan: Pandemi penyakit virus corona (COVID-19) 2019 yang mulai mewabah pada awal tahun 2020 memicu ditetapkannya Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) oleh WHO. Disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 memiliki utamanya menginfeksi sistem pernafasan dengan menempel pada reseptor ACE2. Infeksi COVID-19 menyebabkan beragam manifestasi klinis mulai tanpa gejala hingga gejala berat yang mengancam nyawa bergantung pada berbagai faktor. Berbagai faktor yang mampu menentukan berat-ringannya manifestasi klinis yang ditimbulkan oleh infeksi COVID-19 sangat perlu diperhatikan oleh klinisi sehingga mampu mengantisipasi kondisi pasien sebelum manifestasi klinis tersebut muncul. Kajian literatur ini bertujuan untuk membahas dan merangkum berbagai literatur terkait beberapa faktor yang dinilai paling menentukan tingkat keparahan infeksi COVID-19.
Metode: Kajian literatur ini menggunakan berbagai artikel jurnal yang didapatkan dari pusat data daring yaitu PubMed dan Google Scholar. Artikel yang dipilih berupa artikel penelitian, systematic review dan meta-analysis, serta narrative review terfokus pada transmisi, manifestasi klinis, patogenesis dan respon imun, serta faktor risiko tingkat keparahan dari COVID-19.
Pembahasan: Dari hasil pencarian literatur, didapatkan bahwa beberapa faktor yang paling sering diamati dan paling menentukan tingkat keparahan infeksi COVID-19 adalah usia, penyakit komorbid, defisiensi vitamin D, dan obesitas. Keempat faktor ini bukan merupakan faktor yang berdiri sendiri dalam menentukan tingkat keparahan infeksi COVID-19 namun merupakan faktor yang saling terkait dan saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain dalam menentukan tingkat keparahan infeksi COVID-19 dengan mekanismenya masing – masing.
Simpulan: Sebagian besar faktor yang menentukan tingkat keparahan COVID-19 merupakan faktor yang bisa dicegah. Hal ini membuat pengetahuan dan pemahaman klinisi mengenai faktor – faktor apa saja yang paling sering menentukan tingkat keparahan infeksi COVID-19 akan sangat membantu mencegah munculnya manifestasi klinis yang berat pada pasien COVID-19.
HIPERTENSI, DIABETES MELLITUS, DAN OBESITAS SEBAGAI FAKTOR KOMORBIDITAS UTAMA TERHADAP MORTALITAS PASIEN COVID-19: SEBUAH STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Rahayu Luh Ade Dita , Admiyanti Jannatul Cahya , Khalda Yumna Iftinan , Ahda Fatikha Rudia , Agistany Nur Feby Febiana , Setiawati Sastraningsih , Shofiyanti Nabila Indah , Warnaini Cut 
Published: July 2021

Pendahuluan: Pasien COVID-19 dengan penyakit penyerta atau komorbid memiliki tingkat kematian yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pasien tanpa penyakit bawaan. Komorbid yang paling umum dijumpai pada pasien COVID-19 adalah diabetes mellitus, hipertensi, dan obesitas. Prevalensi pasien COVID-19 dengan diabetes mellitus mencapai 41,7%, hipertensi mencapai 56,6%, dan obesitas mencapai 41,7%.
Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah studi literatur yang relevan dari berbagai referensi dan terfokus pada hubungan komorbid dengan risiko kematian pada pasien COVID-19. Adapun mesin pencari yang digunakan dalam pencarian literatur antara lain NCBI dan Google Scholar. Secara keseluruhan digunakan sebanyak 21 sumber yang didapat dari berbagai basis meliputi PubMed, ScienceDirect, Researchgate, dan WHO.
Pembahasan: Pada penderita hipertensi yang menderita COVID-19 terjadi peningkatan ekspresi ACE-2 yang menyebabkan tingginya kerentanan terhadap infeksi SARS-CoV-2. Gangguan fungsi sel-T dan peningkatan kadar interleukin-6 (IL-6) juga memainkan peran penting dalam peningkatan derajat keparahan penyakit COVID-19 pada penderita diabetes. Obesitas dapat menyebabkan abnormalitas pada sekresi sitokin, adipokin, dan inferferon yang akan menyebabkan terganggunya sistem imun pada tubuh manusia.
Simpulan: Mekanisme patofisiologi komorbid hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, dan obesitas yang kompleks pada pasien COVID-19 meningkatkan derajat keparahan dan risiko kematian.