bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐marker genetic association and interaction tests with interval‐censored survival outcomes
Authors: Wu Di , Li Chenxi , Lu Qing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe development of set‐based genetic‐survival association tests has been focusing on right‐censored survival outcomes. However, interval‐censored failure time data arise widely from health science studies, especially those on the development of chronic diseases. In this paper, we proposed a suite of set‐based genetic association and interaction tests for interval‐censored survival outcomes under a unified weighted‐V‐statistic framework. Besides dealing with interval censoring, the new tests can account for genetic effect heterogeneity and accommodate left truncation of survival outcomes. Simulation studies showed that the new tests perform well in terms of size and power under various scenarios and that the new interaction test is more powerful than the standard likelihood ratio test for testing gene–gene/gene–environment interactions. The practical utility of the developed tests was illustrated by a genome‐wide association study of age to early childhood caries.
Quantification of polyreactive immunoglobulin G facilitates the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Taubert Richard , Engel Bastian , Diestelhorst Jana , Hupa‐Breier Katharina L. , Behrendt Patrick , Baerlecken Niklas T. , Sühs Kurt‐Wolfram , Janik Maciej K. , Zachou Kalliopi , Sebode Marcial , Schramm Christoph , Londoño María‐Carlota , Habes Sarah ,   the UK‐AIH Consortium, Oo Ye H. , Lalanne Claudine , Pape Simon , Schubert Maren , Hust Michael , Dübel Stefan , Thevis Mario , Jonigk Danny , Beimdiek Julia , Buettner Falk F. R. , Drenth Joost P. H. , Muratori Luigi , Adams David H. , Dyson Jessica K. , Renand Amédée , Graupera Isabel , Lohse Ansgar W. , Dalekos George N. , Milkiewicz Piotr , Stangel Martin , Maasoumy Benjamin , Witte Torsten , Wedemeyer Heiner , Manns Michael P. , Jaeckel Elmar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Detection of autoantibodies is a mainstay of diagnosing autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). However, conventional autoantibodies for the workup of AIH lack either sensitivity or specificity, leading to substantial diagnostic uncertainty. We aimed to identify more accurate serological markers of AIH with a protein macroarray.

Approach and Results
During the search for more‐precise autoantibodies to distinguish AIH from non‐AIH liver diseases (non‐AIH‐LD), IgG antibodies with binding capacities to many human and foreign proteins were identified with a protein macroarray and confirmed with solid‐phase ELISAs in AIH patients. Subsequently, polyreactive IgG (pIgG) was exemplarily quantified by reactivity against human huntingtin‐interacting protein 1‐related protein in bovine serum albumin blocked ELISA (HIP1R/BSA). The diagnostic fidelity of HIP1R/BSA binding pIgG to diagnose AIH was assessed in a retrospective training, a retrospective multicenter validation, and a prospective validation cohort in cryoconserved samples from 1,568 adults from 10 centers from eight countries. Reactivity against HIP1R/BSA had a 25% and 14% higher specificity to diagnose AIH than conventional antinuclear and antismooth muscle antibodies, a significantly higher sensitivity than liver kidney microsomal antibodies and antisoluble liver antigen/liver pancreas antigen, and a 12%–20% higher accuracy than conventional autoantibodies. Importantly, HIP1R/BSA reactivity was present in up to 88% of patients with seronegative AIH and in up to 71% of AIH patients with normal IgG levels. Under therapy, pIgG returns to background levels of non‐AIH‐LD.

Conclusions
pIgG could be used as a promising marker to improve the diagnostic workup of liver diseases with a higher specificity for AIH compared to conventional autoantibodies and a utility in autoantibody‐negative AIH. Likewise, pIgG could be a major source of assay interference in untreated AIH.
Hydraulic redistribution by deeply rooted grasses and its ecohydrologic implications in the southern Great Plains of North America
Authors: Oerter Erik , Slessarev Eric , Visser Ate , Min Kyungjin , Kan Megan , McFarlane Karis J. , Saha Malay C. , Berhe Asmeret Asefaw , Pett‐Ridge Jennifer , Nuccio Erin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPerennial bioenergy crops with deep (>1 m) rooting systems, such as switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), are hypothesized to increase carbon storage in deep soil. Deeply rooted plants may also affect soil hydrology by accessing deep soil water for transpiration, which can affect soil water content and infiltration in deep soil layers, thereby affecting groundwater recharge. Using stable H and O isotope (δ2H and δ18O) and 3H values, we studied the soil water conditions at 20–30 cm intervals to depths of 2.4–3.6 m in paired fields of switchgrass and shallow rooted crops at three sites in the southern Great Plains of North America. We found that soil under switchgrass had consistently higher soil water content than nearby soil under shallow‐rooted annual crops by a margin of 15%–100%. Soil water content and isotopic depth profiles indicated that hydraulic redistribution of deep soil water by switchgrass roots explained these observed soil water differences. To our knowledge, these are the first observations of hydraulic redistribution in deeply rooted grasses, and complement earlier observations of dynamic soil water fluxes under shallow‐rooted grasses. Hydraulic redistribution by switchgrass may be a strategy for drought avoidance, wherein the plant may actively prevent water limitation. This raises the possibility that deeply rooted grasses may be used to passively subsidize soil water to more shallow‐rooted species in inter‐cropping arrangements.
Computations on Pericyclic Reactions Reveal the Richness of Ambimodal Transition States and Pericyclases
Authors: Houk K. N. , Xue Xiao‐Song , Liu Fang , Chen Yu , Chen Xiangyang , Jamieson Cooper 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe pericyclic reaction concept was developed by Woodward and Hoffmann 56 years ago, before accurate quantum mechanical calculations of organic reaction pathways were possible. Since then, computational methods such as density functional theory and coupled‐cluster methods have been formulated, and computer speeds have increased a hundred trillion (1011)‐fold. The subtleties and timings of bond formation in reactions have been established by high‐accuracy quantum mechanical calculations. The field of pericyclic reactions has been enriched by understanding of the borderline between concerted pericyclic reactions and stepwise reactions. Higher‐order pericyclic reactions, involving more than six electrons, have ambimodal transition states that can form two, three, or even four products. In addition, while only imagined in the last century, the fact that enzymes can catalyze many pericyclic reactions has been repeatedly established in the 21st century, aided enormously by computational studies.
Pēpē‐infant sleep practices and sudden unexpected death in infancy in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: MacFarlane Melanie , Thompson John M. D. , Mitchell Edwin A. , Lawton Beverley , McLardy Elaine M. , Jonas Shelley D. , Tepania‐Palmer Gwen , Roa Tom , Warren Graham , Jowsey Tanisha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo explore pēpē [infant] sleep practices and the key motivators among selected Māori and non‐Māori māmā [mothers] in Auckland, New Zealand, in relation to the risk of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI).MethodsQualitative research underpinned by a kaupapa Māori cultural framework was undertaken. In‐depth face‐to‐face interviews occurred in the homes of māmā with young pēpē born in Counties Manukau, Auckland. Interview transcripts were analyzed using general purpose thematic analysis.ResultsThirty māmā participated, including 17 Māori. Two‐thirds of māmā reported previous or current bed sharing. The fundamental human need for adequate sleep motivated half the māmā in the present study, and especially Māori māmā, to bed share. The second most common reason given was closeness and convenience. This was followed by breastfeeding, which was cited as a reason by Māori māmā only. These findings were interpreted in terms of intrinsic fear, culture, and māmā deployment of knowledge.ConclusionService providers are encouraged to respond to the lived experiences and cultural realities, values, and beliefs of māmā when designing and delivering effective SUDI prevention interventions. Innovative approaches for providing structured and opportunistic, culturally appropriate education and support around safe sleep are likely to be well‐received by māmā and their whānau [family/ies].
LncRNA LINC00888 upregulation predicts a worse survival of laryngeal cancer patients and accelerates the growth and mobility of laryngeal cancer cells through regulation of miR‐378g/TFRC
Authors: Cui Panpan , Dai Xiuli , Liu Ruiyue , Cao Hanhai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to detect the clinical significance and potential mechanism of LINC00888 in laryngeal cancer. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) afforded the expression of LINC00888 in laryngeal cancer samples. The clinical significance of LINC00888 expression in laryngeal cancer was demonstrated by χ2, Cox analysis, and Kaplan–Meier. The downstream targets of LINC00888 were identified based on analysis from bioinformatics and laryngeal cancer‐related TCGA data sets. The microRNA‐378g (miR‐378g)/TFRC (transferrin receptor) axis was selected and identified by qRT‐PCR, Western blot analysis, and luciferase activity assays. Cell counting kit‐8, colony formation, and transwell assays were applied to detect the phenotypes of laryngeal cancer cells. We observed that LINC00888 expression was notably increased in laryngeal cancer and associated with death, recurrence, and prognosis. Depletion of LINC00888 repressed the proliferative and motile abilities of laryngeal cancer cells in vitro. LINC00888 was predicted to act as a competing endogenous RNA within the microRNA (miRNA)/messenger RNA (mRNA) axis based on analysis from bioinformatics and laryngeal cancer‐related TCGA data sets. Interestingly, we discovered that LINC00888 functioned as an miRNA sponge to suppress the effect of miR‐378g on laryngeal cancer cells behaviors, as well as positively regulate TFRC expression. Furthermore, the knockdown of TFRC strengthened the inhibitory effect of si‐LINC00888 on laryngeal cancer cells' malignant properties. LINC00888 is an oncogenic lncRNA that promotes the growth and mobility of laryngeal cancer cells by controlling laryngeal cancer‐related mRNA and tumor‐suppressive miRNA. The LINC00888/miR‐378g/TFRC pathway might lead to the development of laryngeal cancer cells and, therefore, might be a candidate therapeutic target for laryngeal cancer.
Stability of S‐nitrosothiols and S‐nitrosylated proteins: A struggle for cellular existence!
Authors: Chatterji Ajanta , Sengupta Rajib 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNitric oxide is a well‐known gasotransmitter molecule that covalently docks to sulfhydryl groups of proteins resulting in S‐nitrosylation of proteins and nonprotein thiols that serve a variety of cellular processes including cGMP signaling, vasodilatation, neurotransmission, ion‐channel modulation, and cardiac signaling. S‐nitrosylation is an indispensable modification like phosphorylation that directly regulates the functionality of numerous proteins. However, recently there has been a controversy over the stability of S‐nitrosylated proteins (PSNOs) within the cell. It has been argued that PSNOs formed within the cell is a transient intermediate step to more stable disulfide formation and disulfides are the predominant end effector modifications in NO‐mediated signaling. The present article accumulates state‐of‐the‐art evidence from numerous research that strongly supports the very existence of PSNOs within the cell and attempts to put an end to the controversy. This review illustrates critical points including comparative bond dissociation energies of S‐NO bond, the half‐life of S‐nitrosothiols and PSNOs, cellular concentrations of PSNOs, X ray crystallographic studies on PSNOs, and stability of PSNOs at physiological concentration of antioxidants. These logical evidence cumulatively support the endogenous stability and inevitable existence of PSNOs/RSNOs within the cell that directly regulate the functionality of proteins and provide valuable insight into understanding stable S‐nitrosylation mediated cell signaling.
Long non‐coding RNA growth arrest‐specific 5 and its targets, microRNA‐21 and microRNA‐140, are potential biomarkers of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Song Ji , Wang Taojiao , Chen Yandan , Cen Ruixiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveLong non‐coding RNA growth arrest‐specific 5 (lnc‐GAS5) and its targets (microRNA [miR]‐21 and miR‐140) are involved in the development and progression of allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the correlation of lnc‐GAS5 with miR‐21 and miR‐140 and their associations with disease risk, symptom severity, and Th1/Th2 cytokines in AR remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate this topic.MethodsIn total, 120 patients with AR and 60 controls were recruited. Nasal‐mucosa tissues were collected from all participants. Lnc‐GAS5, its targets (miR‐21 and miR‐140), interferon (IFN)‐γ, interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐4, and IL‐10 were detected by reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsLnc‐GAS5 was elevated, while miR‐21 and miR‐140 was downregulated in AR patients than in controls (p < 0.001). In AR patients, lnc‐GAS5 was negatively correlated with miR‐21 (p < 0.001), miR‐140 (p < 0.001), IFN‐γ (p = 0.019), and IL‐2 (p = 0.039) and positively correlated with IL‐4 (p = 0.004) and IL‐10 (p < 0.001), individual nasal symptom scores (INSSs) for itching, sneezing, and congestion (p < 0.05), and total nasal symptom score (TNSS) (p < 0.001). Moreover, miR‐21 and miR‐140 were negatively correlated with some INSSs, total TNSS score, and IL‐10 and positively correlated with IFN‐γ and IL‐2 (p < 0.05).ConclusionLnc‐GAS5 is negatively correlated with that of its targets (miR‐21 and miR‐140) in AR; meanwhile, lnc‐GAS5, miR‐21, and miR‐140 are correlated with disease risk, symptom severity, and Th1/Th2 imbalance in AR, suggesting the potential of these biomarkers in the development and progression of AR.
l‐lactic acidosis confers insensitivity to PKC inhibitors by competing for uptake via monocarboxylate transporters
Authors: Nguyen Khuong T. L. , Chiou Jhih‐Yi , Liu You‐Chi , Cheng Fang‐Ju , Shen Yi‐Cheng , Chen Chao‐Jung , Tang Chih‐Hsin , Huang Wei‐Chien , Chen Chia‐Hung , Tu Chih‐Yen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTargeting protein kinase C (PKC) family was found to repress the migration and resistance of non‐small cell lung cancer cells to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, none of the PKC inhibitors has been approved for anticancer therapy yet due to the limited efficacy in clinical trials, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. l‐lactic acidosis, a common condition comprising high l‐lactate concentration and acidic pH in the tumor microenvironment, has been known to induce tumor metastasis and drug resistance. In this study, l‐lactic acid was found to reverse the inhibitory effects of pan‐PKC inhibitors GO6983 on PKC activity, cell migration, and EGFR‐TKI resistance, but these effects were not affected by the modulators of lactate receptor GPR81. Interestingly, blockade of lactate transporters, monocarboxylate transporter‐1 and ‐4 (MCT1 and MCT4), attenuated the intracellular level of GO6983, and its inhibitory effect on PKC activity, suggesting that lactic acid promotes the resistance to PKC inhibitors by competing for the uptake through these transporters rather than by activating its receptor, GPR81. Our findings explain the underlying mechanisms of the limited response of PKC inhibitors in clinical trials.
Clinical Outcome Data of First Cohort of Chronic Pain Patients Treated With Cannabis‐Based Sublingual Oils in the United Kingdom: Analysis From the UK Medical Cannabis Registry
Authors: Kawka Michal , Erridge Simon , Holvey Carl , Coomber Ross , Usmani Azfer , Sajad Mohammad , Platt Michael W. , Rucker James J. , Sodergren Mikael H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCannabis‐based medicinal products (CBMPs) are an emerging therapeutic option in the management of primary chronic pain, using the role of the endocannabinoid system in modulating central and peripheral pain processes. Despite promising preclinical data, there is a paucity of high‐quality evidence to support the use of CBMPs for chronic pain. This study aimed to investigate the health‐related quality‐of‐life outcomes of patients with chronic pain who were prescribed CBMP oil preparations (Adven, Curaleaf International, Guernsey, UK).This study is a case series of patients from the UK Medical Cannabis Registry, who were treated with CBMP oils for an indication of chronic pain. The primary outcomes were the changes in Brief Pain Inventory short form, Short‐Form McGill Pain Questionnaire‐2, Visual Analog Scale Pain, General Anxiety Disorder‐7, Sleep Quality Scale, and EQ‐5D‐5L, at 1, 3, and 6 months. One hundred ten patients were included. Significant improvements in Sleep Quality Scale, EQ‐5D‐5L pain and discomfort subscale, and Brief Pain Inventory Interference Subscale (P < .05) at 1, 3, and 6 months were demonstrated. There were no notable differences between cannabis‐naïve and previous cannabis users in quality‐of‐life outcomes. The adverse event incidence was 30.0%, with most (n = 58; 92.1%) adverse events being mild or moderate in intensity. Treatment of chronic pain with Adven CBMP oils was associated with an improvement in pain‐specific outcomes, health‐related quality of life, and self‐reported sleep quality. Relative safety was demonstrated over medium‐term prescribed use. While these findings must be treated with caution considering the limitations of study design, they can inform future clinical trials.
Influence of the electronic state of the metals in Cu–Pt/SiO2 catalysts on the catalytic properties in selective hydrogenation of the C≡C bond
Authors: Shesterkina Anastasiya , Shuvalova Elena , Strekalova Anna , Tkachenko Olga , Kustov Leonid 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe development of highly efficient and selective bimetallic catalytic systems for the hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds is an important scientific task.RESULTSA new bimetallic 1%Cu‐1%Pt/SiO2 catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene was developed. The bimetallic catalysts were prepared by a consecutive incipient wetness impregnation method and a redox method with preadsorbed hydrogen. We showed that the catalytic properties of 1%Cu‐1%Pt/SiO2 catalysts and selectivity toward styrene depend on the states of metals and interactions between Cu and Pt in bimetallic particles. The strong contact interaction between Pt0, Ptδ– and Cu<2+ in sample prepared by the impregnation method provides a high selectivity of about 82% in styrene formation, while the interaction between PtO and CuO phases provides a 60% selectivity under mild conditions.CONCLUSIONSA new highly effective bimetallic Cu‐Pt/SiO2 catalyst was found for the selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene with the formation of styrene. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Human Leukocyte Antigen DQ (HLA‐DQ) genotypes and haplotypes and their association with phenotype in patients with celiac disease in India
Authors: Ramakrishna Balakrishnan S , Venugopal Giriprasad , Singh Alka , Pugazhendhi Srinivasan , Dutta Sangitanjan , Ahuja Vineet , Makharia Govind K 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and AimHuman Leukocyte Antigen DQ (HLA‐DQ) genotypes play a permissive role in the genesis of celiac disease (CeD). In this case–control study, we used next‐generation sequencing to determine HLA‐DQA1 and ~DQB1 genotypes and haplotypes associated with CeD in Indian patients.MethodsHLA‐DQA1 and ~DQB1 loci were amplified, using long‐range polymerase chain reaction (PCR), from DNA of 259 patients with symptomatic CeD (160 typical and 99 atypical), 45 asymptomatic CeD, 96 potential CeD, and 300 healthy adults. Amplicons were fragmented and sequenced on the Illumina platform, and alleles and haplotypes were assigned by matching against the HLA‐international ImMunoGeneTics (IMGT) database.ResultsHLA‐DQA1*05:01 (odds ratio [OR] 8.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.64–12.47) and HLA‐DQB1*02:01 (OR 8.59, 95% CI 5.75–12.83) were the genotypes that showed a risk association with symptomatic CeD. Among the haplotypes, HLA‐DQA1*05:01 ~ HLA‐DQB1*02:01 (OR 8.56, 95% CI 5.67–13.19) showed a strong risk association with symptomatic CeD. When comparing symptomatic CeD with subclinical forms (asymptomatic and potential) CeD, HLA‐DQA1*05:01 ~ HLA‐DQB1*02:01 (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.61–3.43) was significantly associated with risk of symptomatic disease. The strength of association between the HLA‐DQA1*05:01 ~ HLA‐DQB1*02:01 haplotype and the CeD phenotype showed a gradient in the order typical > atypical > asymptomatic > potential CeD. Genotypes consistent with expression of HLA DQ2 and/or 8 were noted in 128 (80%) typical, 73 atypical (74%), 27 (60%) asymptomatic, and 52 (54%) potential CeD participants.ConclusionHLA‐DQA1*05:01 ~ HLA‐DQB1*02:01 (haplotype DQ2.5) showed a very strong risk association with symptomatic CeD in Indian patients. The strength of association showed a gradient of increase from potential to typical CeD, coinciding with a phenotypic change in the celiac iceberg.
National Robin Hoods and Local Avengers: On Two Shifts in the Criminal Myth of Rayyā and Sakīna in Present Day Egypt
Authors: Chiti Elena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe article examines bandit myths from a socio‐historical perspective, as part of the socio‐cultural reality of present‐day Egypt. It engages in the semiotics of banditry encouraged by Stephanie Cronin by taking a first step towards a social semiotics analysis of Rayyā and Sakīna, the two Egyptian female criminals par excellence, arrested in 1920 and executed in 1921. I will argue that Rayyā and Sakīna's criminal myth is currently being resignified in terms that can be conceived of as social banditry. Ethnography, press, and broadcast sources help to highlight two different recent shifts towards bandit myths, linked respectively to national and local circulation.
The perfection of Raman spectroscopic gas densimeters
Authors: Bakker Ronald J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRaman spectroscopy can be used to determine density of gases, because the energy of fundamental vibrational modes is affected by intermolecular distances. The key problem is the estimation of exact peak positions of Raman bands, because the analyses require a precision that is mostly less than the pixel resolution of modern Raman spectrometers. A new method to determine peak positions of Raman bands and atomic emission lines in a discontinuous spectrum without numerical manipulations is tested in this study: modified scanning multichannel technique. Relocation of the gratings with a Sinus Arm Drive can be performed over a distance that is only a fraction of the pixel size that allows peak position estimations with precisions smaller than the pixel resolution and to determine the uncertainty in this estimation. This uncertainty was not determined in previous studies about gas densimeters, resulting in a large variety of inconsistent data. The new method is tested with fluid inclusions in quartz. A CO2 density of 0.1477 ± 0.0006 g·cm−3 and 0.8880 ± 0.0007 g·cm−3 determined with microthermometry correspond to a Fermi dyad of 103.12 ± 0.27 cm−1 and 104.71 ± 0.26 cm−1. A CH4 density of 0.3461 ± 0.0002 g·cm−3 and 0.4011 ± 0.0001 g·cm−3 correspond to peak positions of 2910.66 ± 0.12 cm−1 and 2910.57 ± 0.12 cm−1. The error in these numbers must be regarded as the best estimated uncertainties of peak positions, which are probably slightly adjusted to higher values due to mechanical irregularities of the Sinus Arm Drive in modern Raman systems.