bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unique Metabolic Reprogramming in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa P4 Facilitates the Unusual Concurrence of P-solubilizing and Biocontrol Traits Under P-limitation
Authors: Gupta Vaishnawi , Buch Aditi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Plant-beneficial fluorescent Pseudomonas species with concurrent P–solubilizing and biocontrol traits could have improved rhizospheric survival and efficacy; although this rare ability is subject to diverse environmental and endogenous regulations. This study investigates the P-limitation-induced regulations enabling co-production of metabolites implied in P-solubilization and biocontrol by P. aeruginosa P4 (P4). P-limitation reduced the growth rate of P4 while metabolic distribution of total glucose depleted shifted to increased periplasmic gluconic acid production. Remarkably, despite a parallel reduction in glucose consumption, the production of biocontrol metabolites like pyocyanin, total siderophores and IAA enhanced under P-solubilizing conditions. The study indicates a metabolic rearrangement in P4 under P-limitation such that biomass yield is maintained while adjusting the chorismate-mediated secondary metabolism. A time course analysis on glucose and artificial root exudates, unusually reduced aroC expression (encoding the rate-limiting enzyme chorismate synthase) and growth phase-dependent changes in the expression of key biosynthetic genes pchA, pchE, pchG, pvdQ and phzM suggested that although the enhanced production of chorismate-derived secondary metabolites could be attributed to P-limitation, the underlying gene expression could be governed by multiple factors. While such metabolic flexibility could impart physiological advantage in sustaining P-starvation stress, it manifests as unique coexistence of P-solubilizing and biocontrol abilities.
Energy transition and social justice: Do renewable energy levies have an impact on income distribution and energy poverty?
Authors: Priesmann Jan , Spiegelburg Saskia , Madlener Reinhard , Praktiknjo Aaron 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Energy systems are decidedly the largest emitters of greenhouse gases. Therefore, transitioning them from fossil to renewable systems is a top priority for societies committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, such transitions involve substantial costs. In many cases, these costs are proportionally passed on to final energy consumers through levies on their electricity consumption. In our paper, we investigate the impacts of renewable support levies on social justice or, more specifically, on income inequality. For our study, we chose Germany where inflation-adjusted electricity prices for private households increased substantially because of such a levy for renewables. We base our analyses on representative household panel data with over 40,000 households from 2003 to 2018. Our results indicate that indiscriminate renewable support levies on electricity consumption increase income inequality and energy poverty. For our case in 2018, renewable support levies alone led to a relative increase of ~0.23% of the Gini coefficient and ~11.31% of the high cost low income (HCLI) energy poverty indicator measuring energy poverty intensity. Based on our findings, we propose a reform of the renewable support levy and analyze three options: (1) the abolition of the levy, (2) levies which are income-progressive proportionally to the income taxes, and (3) a high and flat levy in conjunction with an income-degressive compensation payment. Our ex-post analyses for 2018 indicate that a reformed levy system would have slightly decreased overall income inequality with relative decreases of ~0.23%, ~0.32%, and ~0.59% of the Gini coefficient for options (1), (2), and (3), respectively. But more importantly, such a system would have substantially decreased energy poverty by ~11.31%, ~30.45%, and ~31.45% for the HCLI energy poverty indicator for options (1), (2), and (3), respectively.
Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with Chronic Low Back Pain in Burundi
Authors: Nduwimana Ildephonse , Nindorera Félix , Sinzakaraye Alexis , Bleyenheuft Yannick , Thonnard Jean-Louis , Kossi Oyene 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is an increasing burden worldwide. The biopsychosocial factors associated with CLBP have not yet been investigated in Burundi. The aim of this study was to investigate the biopsychosocial factors that influence the CLBP-related outcomes of self-reported pain intensity, limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs), and social participation (SP) restrictions in a Burundian sample population.Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study of 58 adults with non-specific CLBP from Bujumbura city. Measures of pain intensity, ADL limitations, SP restrictions, and biopsychosocial factors were analyzed with descriptive, inferential, and correlational statistics.Results: The biopsychosocial factors found to be associated with CLBP outcomes were body mass index (BMI), education level, gender, healthcare coverage, depression, trunk muscles endurance, and perceived exertion. Self-reported pain intensity was found to be significantly associated with a sub-university education level, depressiveness, high perceived exertion, low spine extensor muscles endurance, and low abdominal muscles endurance (p range, <0.001 to <0.05). Greater disability, in terms of ADL limitations and SP restrictions, was associated with sub-university education level, female gender, lack of healthcare coverage, high BMI, depressiveness, low spine extensor muscles endurance, and low abdominal muscles endurance, and high perceived exertion (p range, <0.001 to <0.05). Conclusions: This study provides evidence of biopsychosocial factor associations with CLBP-related pain, ADL limitations, and SP restrictions in Burundi. Significantly associated factors were consistent with factors that have been associated with CLBP outcomes in high-income countries, with the addition of lack of healthcare coverage as a significant factor in Burundi. Evidence-based management of CLBP in Burundi should incorporate a biopsychosocial model.
Combination therapy with Azithromycin, Pentoxifylline and Dexamethasone shows Complete Recovery in Severe COVID 19: Case Series of Patients in First and Second wave of Pandemic in India.
Authors: Kler Rupinder , Vaishnav Dilip , Banerjee Ms Pratiti , Mukherjee Anirudh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: COVID 19 infection caused by SARS-CoV2 virus is causing high mortality all over the world. This causes asymptomatic, mildly symptomatic , moderate, and severe illness. In severe illness, mortality is remarkably high as drugs are not effective enough to avert cytokine storm, stroke, myocarditis, or myocardial infarction. COVID-19 is a positive sense virus that directly enters the ACE2 cell and starts replication after encountering the host protein. Effective treatment has been limited to only mild and sometimes moderate cases but there is a high mortality in severe cases. Case Presentation: Severe COVID-19 cases with different comorbities were assessed and treated in the first wave as well as the second wave of the pandemic in North India.. A total number of 305 patients were assessed for severity with their symptoms and abnormal blood parameters , out of which 109 patients severe patients were given the drugs and their symptoms and vitals were monitored along with therapy. In both the single SARS CoV 2 and the double mutant virus strain in the second wave. We measured their severity through their blood parameters by calculating high Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, Platelet lymphocyte ratio after getting their complete blood count, diabetes, and other inflammatory markers like high LDH, CRP, Serum Ferritin, D Dimer, or IL 6 in critically ill patients as studied in previous studies. Hence, we designed this combination therapy drug protocol which was home based oral therapy with hundred percent recovery rate if initiated early. Wherever required oxygen therapy had also been recommended along with diet modification, low fatty acid diet and low carbohydrates for more effectivity. The combination of Azithromycin , Pentoxifylline and Dexamethasone had shown to be highly effective in controlling the inflammation and viral replication with dose modification. Intravenous Ceftriaxone was given as infusion in patients having viral Pnemonia .Conclusions: This combination therapy of drugs has shown to decrease TLR mediated cytokine production. This therapy has shown full success in all high-risk patients especially in the elderly having comorbidities like Diabetes, heart diseases, cancer, autoimmune diseases.
The Continuation of Traditional Birth Attendances in the Remote Rural Communities without any Training and the Problem of Integration with Health Facilities in West Omo Zone 2021: Exploratory Qualitative Study
Authors: Wale Alemnew , Kassie Aychew , Girma Desalegn , Amsalu Hailemariam , yechale Mastewal 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Mothers in the rural community of Ethiopia prefer to give birth at home because most TBAs do not charge anything for deliveries and are willing to make house visits, which allow the mother privacy that many prefer. The shift toward training TBAs in developing countries, specifically those in Sub-Saharan Africa, is an important intervention that health care workers can utilize to increase the health of both mothers and children, so Assessing the role of traditional birth attendance in Feto-maternal care during pregnancy, childbirth, postnatal period and integration with health professionals in West Omo Zone will a great role for bringing out the endogenous experience to the scientific standards. Objective: To explore the role of traditional birth attendance in Feto-maternal care during pregnancy, childbirth, postnatal period, and integration with health professionals in West Omo Zone. Methods: A qualitative study will be employed by using individual in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, and key informant interviews. The individual in-depth interview and focus group discussion will be tape-recorded after verbal consent will be granted and finally translated and transcribed by the data collectors. Thematic analysis will be used to analyze the qualitative data based on emerging themes and sub-themes in line with the study objectives. Result: A total of 34 individuals such as 2 FGD (9 each group),6 in-depth interviews,10 key informants were used. The role of TBAs in remote areas of Ethiopia is very vital to save the life of women and the Childs. TBAs take care of the women during pregnancy labor and delivery as well in the post-partum period but with no formal integration with health facility and training.Conclusion: Locally demotion and punishment of the TBA, lack of formal relationship between TBAs and the health facility resulted in increasing Fetomaternal morbidity and mortality especially in remote areas of the country. Even if the traditional birth attendants always on the side of the women in the previous year currently they forced to stop their activity because of prohibited by the local judge and no motivation and training to improve the performance of TBA to trained traditional birth attendance.
Associations Between Adipokines Gene Polymorphisms and Osteoarthritis: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yuqing , Meng Fanqiang , Wu Jing , Long Huizhong , Li Jiatian , Wu Ziying , He Hongyi , Wang Haochen , Wang Ning , Xie Dongxing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Adipokines gene polymorphisms are speculated to have associations with the risk of osteoarthritis (OA), but evidences remain conflicting. This study therefore aimed to examine the potential associations between adipokines gene polymorphisms and OA.Methods: A systematic search was performed on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang up to March 31, 2020. Meta-analysis was carried out by focusing on associations between adipokines gene polymorphisms and OA with allele model, dominant model, recessive model, homozygote model, and heterozygote model.Results: The present meta-analysis included 13 studies containing 3,661 OA patients and 4,864 controls for analysis. Significant associations were observed between ADIPOQ rs2241766 and OA in Asians (dominant: OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.03-1.78; heterozygote: OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.07-1.19), between LEPR rs1137101 and OA in the overall population (recessive: OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.21-0.79; homozygote: OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.18-0.79), between VISFATIN rs4730153 and OA in Asians (allele: OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.41-0.83; dominant: OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.39-0.83; heterozygote: OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.40-0.86), and between VISFATIN rs16872158 and OA in Asians (allele: OR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.26-2.68; dominant: OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.31-2.89; heterozygote: OR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.31-2.95).Conclusions: Adipokines gene polymorphisms may be associated with OA. In particular, associations were observed in ADIPOQ rs2241766, LEPR rs1137101, VISFATIN rs4730153, and VISFATIN rs16872158 in the present study. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020187664.
Weak arene/nickel interaction lights on monoarylation of alcohols
Authors: Huang Zhiyan , Xie Kun , Meng Ge , He Jun , Shi Mingsong , Ma Junjie , Gao Huan , Qiu Tingting , Zhao Yuxia , Yang Shuang , Wei Xinyu , Yan Jiaxin , Wang Kang , Cai Jiadong , Li Sheng , Xue Dong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Despite a growing body of work in nickel catalysis, the potential of organo-photocatalyst serving both as an arene ligand and a sensitizer remains underexplored. Here, we describe such an organo-photocatalyst to promote arylation of alcohols. Mechanistic studies suggest that the formation of sandwich complex via weak arene/nickel interaction and the resulting dexter energy transfer be responsible for this activity. This interaction provides a mechanistically alternative strategy for challenging carbon-oxygen bond assembly, where the elementary steps in transition metal catalysis previously facilitated by intermolecular photoevents replaced by more efficient intramolecular ones. With only 0.05 mol% photocatalyst loading and 8 mol% nickel bromide, a series of alcohols, diols and triols were (mono)arylated with (hetero)aryl bromides and chlorides. Importantly, many bioactive molecules and active pharmaceutical ingredients containing multiple hydroxyl groups could be efficiently monoarylated, too. This work provides a new approach to access bioactive aryl ethers, but also lights on a highly desirable direction to manipulate the catalytic reactivity of earth abundant nickel.
A Budget Impact Analysis of Substituting Sitagliptin with Liraglutide in Type 2 Diabetes from A Private Health Insurance Perspective in Egypt
Authors: El-sisi Gihan Hamdy , Afify Ayman , Abgad Ashraf , Zakaria Ibtissam , Nasif Nabil , Ibrahim Hani Naiem , Raafat Nabil , Carapinha joao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) causes a sizable burden globally both from health and economic points of view.This study aimed to assess the budget impact of substituting sitagliptin with liraglutide versus other glucose lowering drugs from the private health insurance perspective in Egypt over a 3-year time horizon. MethodsTwo budget impact models were comparedthe standard of care (metformin, pioglitazone, gliclazide, insulin glargine, repaglinide, and empagliflozin)administered in addition to liraglutide or sitagliptin versus the standard of care with placebo. A gradual market introduction of liraglutide or sitagliptin was assumed, and the existing market shares for the other glucose lowering drugs were provided and validated by Expert Panel. The event rates were extracted from the LEADER and TECOS trials. Direct and mortality costs were measured. Sensitivity analyses were performed. ResultsThe estimated target population of 120,574 T2DM adult patients were associated with CV risk. The budget impact per patient per month (PPPM) for liraglutide is EGP29 ($6.7), EGP39 ($9), and EGP49 ($11.3) in the first, second, and third year, respectively. The budget impact PPPM for sitagliptin is EGP11 ($2.5), EGP14 ($3.2), and EGP18 ($4.1) in the first, second, and third year, respectively. Furthermore, adoption of liraglutide resulted in 203 fewer deaths and 550 avoided hospitalizations, while sitagliptin resulted in 43 increased deaths and 14 avoided hospitalizations. The treatment costs of liraglutide use are mostly offset by substantial savings due to fewer CV-related events, avoided mortality and avoided hospitalizations over 3-years. Conclusion Adding liraglutide resulted in a modest budget impact, suggesting that the upfront drug costs were offset by budget savings due to fewer CV-related complications and deaths avoided compared to the standard of care. While sitagliptin resulted in a small budget impact but associated with deaths increased and less hospitalizations avoided.
“Gender Differences in the Psychopathology of Obesity: How Relevant is the Role of Binge Eating Behaviors?”
Authors: Natale Chiara Di , Lucidi Lorenza , Montemitro Chiara , Pettorruso Mauro , Collevecchio Rebecca , Caprio Lucia Di , Giampietro Luana , Aceto Liberato , Martinotti Giovanni , Giannantonio Massimo di 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: the aim of the study is the identification of the main psychopathological correlates of obese candidates for bariatric surgery, with particular attention to the relation between them and gender.Methods: 273 candidates for bariatric surgery for obesity underwent a psychiatric evaluation with compilation of psychometric scales: Revised Symptom Checklist 90-R (SCL-90R), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Binge Eating Scale (BES), Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), Obesity Related Well-Being (O.R. WELL). The sample has been divided on the basis of Gender and Binge Eating Disorder (BED) severity; comparisons between the groups is performed with an analysis of variance model (ANOVA) or a Pearson’s Chi-squared test. Further we also divided our sample in a Severe Binge Eating group (scores > 27), a Mild to Moderate group (18 < scores < 26) and a low/no symptoms group (scores < 17).Results: male and female subjects showed a difference in BES, with higher scores reported among women (17.50 ± 9.59) than men (14.08 ± 8.64). Women also showed higher scores across most of the SCL-90R domains and worse outcomes in terms of quality of life. Both women and men of Severe Binge Eating group reported higher scores of the SCL-90R.Conclusion: symptoms of BED, along with the Body Image Dissatisfaction (BID) are among the most important to investigate in candidates for bariatric surgery, to improve the surgery outcome.Level of evidence: III – evidence from cohort analytic study.
A Greater increase in C5aR1-level at onset and a smaller decrease in IgG-level after recovery in severer COVID-19 patients: A new analysis of existing data with Ishida’s t-test1 and t-test2
Authors: Ishida Torao , Takagi Ken , Wang Gui-feng , Tanahashi Nobuyuki , Kawanokuchi Jun , Takagi Hisayo , Guo Yi , Ma Ning 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
It is important to exactly identify the difference in the changes in a receptor C5aR1-levels at onset and Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-levels after recovery between severe (acute respiratory distress syndrome) and nonsevere (pneumonia) coronavirus disease 2019 patients to reduce the severity of the disease and prevent reinfection with the causative virus. 2012 literature studies were selected from the PubMed Central® databases with keywords of (((covid-19) AND individual) NOT review) AND C5a / IgG. Three studies showing individual expression levels of C5a/C5aR1 / antibody in the patients before and after the passage of time without significance were selected by assessing the literatures. We extracted dynamics where the slope values of the regression line between the initial (X) and changed level (C) with passage of time were not zero significantly (p < 0.05) using SAS-JMP-10. We examined the significance of C in the patients with Ishida’s t-test1 and that of the difference in C between the severe and nonsevere patients with Ishida’s t-test2, which used the values on the above regression line as the expected values of C. These tests suggested a greater increase in C5aR1-levels at onset and a smaller decrease in IgG-levels after recovery in severe patients than in nonsevere patients.
Sequential Drug Delivery By Injectable Macroporous Hydrogels For Combined Photodynamic-Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhong Yuanyuan , Zhang Li , Sun Shian , Zhou Zhenghao , Ma Yunsu , Hong Hao , Yang Dongzhi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
With hollow mesoporous silica (hMSN) and injectable macroporous hydrogel (Gel) used as the internal and external drug-loading material respectively, a sequential drug delivery system DOX-CA4P@Gel was constructed, in which combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P) and doxorubicin (DOX) were both loaded. The anti-angiogenic drug, CA4P was initially released due to the degradation of Gel, followed by the anti-cell proliferative drug, DOX, released from hMSN in tumor microenvironment. Results showed that CA4P was mainly released at the early stage. At 48 h, CA4P release reached 71.08%, while DOX was only 14.39%. At 144 h, CA4P was 78.20%, while DOX release significantly increased to 61.60%, showing an obvious sequential release behavior. Photodynamic properties of porphyrin endow hydrogel (φΔ(Gel)=0.91) with enhanced tumor therapy effect. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that dual drugs treated groups have better tumor inhibition than solo drug under near infrared laser irradiation, indicating the effectivity of combined photodynamic-chemotherapy.