bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Characteristics And Factors Affecting Groundwater Chemistry From The Yellow River Irrigation Area In Tumochuan Plain In The Middle And Upper Reaches of The Yellow River Basin
Authors: Wang Zihe , Jin Jing , Liu Wei , Deng Tenglin , Zhao Yiping , Du Xiaofeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Yellow River irrigation area in Tumochuan Plain is one of the primary grain production areas in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin (YRB). The groundwater in the area is bitter and salty, which significantly influences drinking water safety of residents. To investigate its chemical characteristics and material sources, we collected 12 groundwater samplings, 3 irrigation water samplings, and 1 precipitation sample during the winter irrigation period (WIP) in November 2016 and the spring irrigation period (SIP) in April 2017, respectively. We then analysed the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes and hydrochemical characteristics of the shallow groundwater in the study area and investigated their affecting factors by using environmental isotopes, Gibbs diagrams, Schoeller diagrams, and ion proportionality coefficient analysis. Next, we qualitatively analysed the material sources. The results show the followings: (1) The concentrations of major ions in groundwater in the SIP are generally higher than in the WIP, which may be recharged by snow melting water in the spring. (2) The average values of δD and δ18O for the groundwater are -78.0‰ and -10.3‰, respectively, in the WIP and -77.4‰ and -10.3‰, respectively, in the SIP. However, the characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in the groundwater are almost identical in the WIP and SIP. (3) The formation of groundwater chemical constituent are controlled by evaporation concentration and lixiviation, and dissolution of evaporite and mirabilite is the most important factor. Synchronously, the formation of groundwater chemical constituent is also influenced ion exchange and human activities. The study provides effective guidance for groundwater resource development in arid and semi-arid regions.
Significance of Linkage Disequilibrium and Epistasis on the Genetic Variances in Non- Inbred and Inbred Populations
Authors: Viana José Marcelo Soriano , Garcia Antonio Augusto Franco 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background The influence of linkage disequilibrium (LD), epistasis, and inbreeding on the genotypic variance continues to be an important area of investigation in genetics and evolution. Although the current knowledge about biological pathways and gene networks imply that epistasis is important in determining quantitative traits, the empirical evidence for a range of species and traits is that the genetic variance is most additive. This is confirmed by some recent theoretical studies. However, because these investigations have assumed linkage equilibrium, only additive effects, or simplified assumptions for the two- and high-order epistatic effects, the objective of this investigation was to provide additional information about the impact of LD and epistasis on the genetic variances in non-inbred and inbred populations, using a simulated data set.Results The epistatic variance in generation 0 corresponded to 1 to 10% of the genotypic variance, with 30% of epistatic genes, but it corresponded to 5 to 45% assuming 100% of epistatic genes. After 10 generations of random cross or selfing the ratio epistatic variance/genotypic variance increased in the range of 15 to 1,079%. The epistatic variances are maximized assuming dominant epistasis, duplicate genes with cumulative effects, and non-epistatic gene interaction. A minimization occurs with complementary, recessive, and dominant and recessive epistasis. In non-inbred populations, the genetic covariances have negligible magnitude compared with the genetic variances. In inbred populations, excepting for duplicate epistasis, the sum of the epistatic covariances was in general negative and with magnitude higher than the non-additive variances, especially under 100% of epistatic genes.Conclusions The LD level for genes, even under a relatively low gene density, has a significant effect on the genetic variances in non-inbred and inbred populations. Assuming digenic epistasis, the additive variance is in general the most important component of the genotypic variance in non-inbred and inbred populations. The ratio epistatic variance/genotypic variance is proportional to the percentage of interacting genes and increases with random cross and selfing. In general, the additive x additive variance is the most important component of the epistatic variance. The maximization of the epistatic variance depends on the allele frequency, LD level, and epistasis type.
WITHDRAWN: The Optimal Condition of Poly(I: C)-Induced Knockout of Cre Recombinase for Mx1-Cre/ Cre-loxP Mice
Authors: Yang Bijie , Wang Haobiao , Liu Yuanyuan , Xiao Feifei , Kuang Mei , Shu Yi , Tang Shi , Zhu Dan , Liu Shan , Jiang Tingting , Zhang Penghui , Zou Lin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe Cre-loxP system is widely applied for conditional knockout mice, commonly used to study the function of specific genes. Although some different promoters drive Cre expression, the poly(I: C)-inducible Mx1-Cre is the most commonly used to delete the target gene in experimental hematology. However, the optimal induction knockout condition for Mx1-Cre/ Cre-loxP mice using the Poly(I:C)-inducible Cre-loxP conditional system remains unclear. Here, we present two different components and three injection protocols of poly(I: C) to find the optimized condition. ResultsThe results showed that the better knockout efficiency of Cre-loxP in mice injected with pure poly(I: C) has than those injected with poly(I: C) with some components. From the perspective of lethal genes (Brg1), data showed that mice injected with a single high dose (500 µg) of pure Poly (I:C) had a lower knockout rate. For mice injected media-dose (10µg/g) poly(I: C) triple, which induced a high knockout rate, but the mortality rate was still high. Importantly, the mice injected low-dose (6µg/g) poly(I: C) triple, both the knockout rate and survival rate of mice was high. Similarly, the knockout rate of non-lethal mice injected with media-dose (10µg/g) or low-dose (6μg/g) poly(I: C) triple was very high, but injected with a single high dose (500 µg) of pure poly(I: C) had a low knockout rate. ConclusionOur studies provided the optimized condition for using poly(I: C)-inducible effective knockout and maintaining the survival rate for the Cre-loxP mice, which might be applied in other knockout mice for this system to ensure both the gene knockout and the mice survival.
UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Coupled to Chemometric Analysis for the Evaluation of Atrazine Photolysis and Photocatalysis
Authors: Moreira Ailton Jose , Lemos Sherlan , Coelho Dyovani , Mascaro Lucia , Freschi Gian , Pereira Ernesto 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, a spectrophotometric-chemometric (Spec-Chem) approach was applied as an alternative to chromatography to monitor ATZ and by-products after photolytic and photocatalytic oxidation aiming to unveil the ATZ degradation mechanism. Spec-Chem is an accessible, easy-to-operate, low-cost analytical approach to monitor atrazine (ATZ) and by-products and its applicability was validated by HPLC, the reference technique for the evaluation of pollutants degradation mechanisms. The chromatographic (DChro) and spectrophotometric (DSpec) data found 95% and 57% ATZ removal after 30 min, respectively, proving that the DSpec erroneously induces a 38% loss in removal efficiency. When DSpec was treated by Multivariate Curve Resolution (MCR) analysis for providing chemometric data (DChem), it found ATZ removal and hydroxyatrazine (HAT) formation statistically equal to DChro (t-test, p = 0.05). After unraveling the ATZ degradation mechanism using Spec-Chem, a new hypothesis for the kinetic calculation of ATZ degradation was presented, where the concentrations of ATZ and HAT were used to find k and R2 values representative for the ATZ degradation mechanism. The values found for k were compatible with the literature under similar conditions of ATZ degradation and the linear correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.99) showed an optimal fit for the proposed hypothesis. Thus, Spec-Chem was successfully applied to unravel the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of ATZ in the presence of TiO2, while k was obtained by the new hypothesis proposed that considered ATZ and HAT concentration as parameters of kinect interest. Therefore, the importance of monitoring quantitatively ATZ and HAT were provided in this study, providing new information for the scientific community.
LINC00893 Inhibits The Progression of Prostate Cancer Through miR-3173-5p/SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Yu Chuigong , Fan Yu , Zhang Yu , Liu Lupeng , Guo Gang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the male urinary system. In recent years, the morbidity and mortality of PCa have been increasing due to the limited effects of existing treatment strategies. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00893 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cells, but its role in PCa has not been reported. Our study aims to clarify the role and underlying mechanism of LINC00893 in regulating the progression of PCa.Methods: We analyzed LINC00893 expression through TCGA database. We also collected 66 paires of PCa tissues and matched para-cancerous tissues as well as cell lines and assessed LINC00893 expression. Subsequently, we conducted gain-of-function assays to confirm the role of LINC00893 in PCa. CCK-8, EdU, colony information and transwell assays were implemented to detect cell proliferation, colony formation and metastasis abilities, respectively. RT-qPCR and western blot assays were used to quantify the expression of mRNA and protein. Dual-luciferase reporter, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull down assays were conducted to evaluate the interaction of molecules. Spearman correlation coefficient analysis was conducted to detect the correlation between molecules.Results: We found that the LINC00893 expression in PCa tissues and cell lines was upregulated compared with matched controls, and patients with low expression of LINC00893 suffered a low overall survival rate. Overexpression of LINC00893 hindered the proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as metastasis of PCa cells in vitro and in vivo. In terms of mechanism, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3)/Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway occupied a central position in the regulation of PCa progression by LINC00893. LINC00893 weakened the inhibition role of miR-3173-5p on SOCS3 expression through functioning as a miR-3173-5p sponge, which inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Conclusions: LINC00893 suppresses the progression of prostate cancer through miR-3173-5p/SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. our data uncovers a novel mechanism by which LINC00893 hinders the progression of PCa, which enriches the molecular network of LINC00893 regulating the PCa progression and laies a theoretical foundation for PCa targeted therapy.
Modified Osteotomy for Treatment of Forearm Deformities (Masada IIb) in Hereditary Multiple Osteochondromas: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Yan Ge , Nan Guoxin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Approximately 30% of patients with hereditary multiple osteochondromas (HMO) have forearm deformity and dysfunction. The aim of this retrospective study was to review our experience with the surgical treatment of children with HMO and Masada IIb forearm deformities.Methods: Data of eight children treated for HMO Masada IIb forearm deformity at our hospital between 2015 and 2019 were collected from the hospital records and retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent ulnar lengthening by distraction osteogenesis using either the Orthofix or Ilizarov external fixator. Range of movements at the elbow and wrist joints, and forearm supination/pronation, before and after the operation were recorded. Radiographs were evaluated by the Fogel method, and wrist joint function by the Krimmer method.Results: Follow-up radiographs showed significant improvement in relative ulnar shortening after treatment (pre-operative 9.23 ± 5.21 mm; post-operative 0.33 ± 4.13 mm). Changes in radial articular angle (pre-operative 33.55° ± 3.88° to 32.78° ± 6.57°) and carpal slip (pre-operative 45.00% ± 19.09%; post-operative 43.13% ± 16.68%) were not significant. Elbow flexion and extension, wrist flexion and extension, ulnar and radial deviation at wrist, and forearm rotation were significantly improved after surgery. Wrist function was graded as excellent in seven patients and as good in one patient. One patient treated with the Ilizarov external fixator had poor radial head reduction.Conclusion: Ulnar lengthening with distraction osteogenesis is an effective treatment for HMO Masada IIb deformities. The optimum site for ulnar osteotomy appears to be at the proximal one-third to one-fourth of the ulna.
Pseudogene OCT4-pg5 Upregulates OCT4B Expression To Promote Bladder Cancer Progression By Competing With miR-145
Authors: Zhou Wuer , Yang Yue , Wang Wei , Yang Chenglin , Cao Zhi , Lin Xiaoyu , Wang Bangqi , Xiao Yuansong , Zhang Xiaoming 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 pseudogene 5 (OCT4-pg5) contributes to tumor progression in many cancer types, but contributions to bladder cancer (BC) have not been investigated.
Methods

Real-time quantity PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to measure OCT4-pg5 and OCT4B expressions in different bladder cell lines and different grades of cancer. The effects of OCT4-pg5, OCT4B and miR-145 on proliferation and metastasis were determined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Luciferase reporter assay was carried out to reveal the interaction among OCT4-pg5, OCT4B and miR-145. Flow cytometry was performed to explore the effects of OCT4-pg5 and OCT4B expression on the cell cycle stage distribution of T24 cells.
Results

OCT4-pg5 expression was significantly increased in BC cell lines, which was correlated with OCT4B expression and advanced tumor grade. Overexpression of OCT4-pg5 and OCT4B promoted the proliferation and invasion of BC cells, while miR-145 suppressed these activities. Mechanically, OCT4-pg5 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) competed for miR-145, thereby increasing OCT4B expression. In addition, OCT4-pg5 promoted EMT by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and upregulating the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 as well as transcription factors zinc finger E-box binding homeobox (ZEB) 1 and 2. Furthermore, elevated expression of OCT4-pg5 and OCT4B reduced the sensitivity of BC cells to cisplatin by reducing apoptosis and increasing the proportion of cells in G1.
Conclusions

These findings indicate that OCT4-pg5/miR-145/OCT4B axis promotes the progression of BC by inducing EMT via Wnt/β-catenin pathway and enhances the cisplatin resistance. It could be prospect for the therapeutic approaches for BC.
The Effect of Acmsd Gene Overexpression in The Kynurenine Pathway On The Expression Levels of Ido1 and Ifn-γ in Inflammatory Conditions: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Rostaminejad Marzieh , Rostami Abdolmohamad , Behzad-Behbahani Abbas , Dehbidi Gholam Reza Rafiei , Kalantari Tahereh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The kynurenine pathway (KP) can be involvement of in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and excessive neurotoxic metabolite production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of overexpression of murine 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylase (Acmsd) gene in inflammatory conditions in RAW 264.7 cell line learn more about the effect of this gene on inflammatory conditions and the KP cycle. The coding sequence of the Acmsd gene was cloned into pCMV6-AC-IRES-GFP expression vector with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker. In order to simulate inflammatory conditions, RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were stimulated by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 24 hours before transfection, and transfected by Polyethyleneimine (PEI) with constructed plasmids expressing the Acmsd gene. The effect of Acmsd gene expression level on murine Interferon-gamma (Ifn-γ) and Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (Ido1) gene expression level was investigated by Real-Time PCR. According to the results of this study, good transfection efficiency was observed after 72 hours, and Acmsd expression level increased 29-fold (P < 0.001) in transfected LPS-stimulated cells compared to the control group (LPS-stimulated cells that were not transfected). Additionally, increased Acmsd expression level significantly down-regulated Ifn-γ (P < 0.001) and Ido1 (P < 0.01) expression level in transfected LPS-stimulated cells compared to LPS-stimulated cells. In conclusion, Acmsd overexpression in inflammatory conditions can be reduced the expression levels of Ido1 gene, and its regulator, Ifn-γ. Consequently, it may be considered as a novel regulatory factor in the KP pathway.
Value of TIMI Risk Score Combined With Global Longitudinal Strain for Predicting Major Adverse Cardiac Events After PCI in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yang De Bin , Wang Ying Chun , Zhu Wen Ye , Wang Jing , Rong Lou Jin , Lu Min 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
PurposeAccurately assessing the predicting prognosis is important in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the TIMI risk score combined with GLS for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs)in STEMI patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)MethodsAcute STEMI diagnosed between January 2019 to June 2021 were prospectively enrolled. GLS were performed to assess left ventricular dysfunction three days post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In a 12-month follow up, three prognostic models for MACE were established based on TIMI risk score alone, TIMI risk score + GLS, and TIMI risk score + GLS + clinical risk factors, respectively, and assessed for efficiency.ResultsA total of 138 patients were enrolled. According to the follow-up results, the incidence of MACE in the patients was 19.6% (27/138). Areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were 0.703, 0.810 and 0.815, respectively, in TIMI risk score alone, TIMI risk score + GLS, TIMI risk score + GLS + clinical risk factors, indicating a significantly higher value and more efficient assessment for TIMI risk score + GLS.ConclusionCompared with the TIMI risk score alone, TIMI risk score combined with GLS provides a more efficient assessment of risk for determining the prognosis of STEMI patients.
Quantification of Acute Pulmonary Emboli using a 3D-based Computed Tomography Method: Comparison with the Qanadli score, Biomarkers, and Clinical Prognosis
Authors: Huang Wei-Ming , Wu Wen-Jui , Yang Sheng-Hsiung , Sung Kuo-Tzu , Hung Ta-Chuan , Hung Chung-Lieh , Yun Chun-Ho 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Detailed descriptions of acute pulmonary emboli (PE) morphology, total embolic volume (TEV), and their effects upon patients’ clinical presentation and prognosis remain largely unexplored.Methods and Results: We studied 201 subjects with acute PE to the emergency department of a single medical center from April 2009 to December 2014. Patient hemodynamics, Troponin I and D-dimer levels, echocardiography, and the mortality at 30- and 90-days were obtained. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of pulmonary structures and 3-dimensional measures of embolic burden were performed. The results showed a linear association between the greater TEV and each of the following 4 variables (increasing incidence of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, higher systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), greater RV diameter, and RV/left ventricular (LV) ratio (all p < 0.001)). Among the measures of CT and echocardiography, TEV and RV/LV ratio were significantly associated with impending shock. In backward stepwise logistic regression, TEV, age and respiratory rate remained independent associated with impending shock (OR: 1.58, 1.03, 1.18, respectively and all p < 0.005).Conclusions: Total embolic burden assessed by CT-based quantification serves as a useful index for stressed cardiopulmonary circulation condition and can provide insights into RV dysfunction and the prediction of impending shock.
Studying the Association Between Breast Cancer and Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jazieh Khalid A , Baidoun Firas , Torrejon Nataly , Merjaneh Zahi , Saad Anas , Gad Mohamed , Farouk Amal , Ornstein Moshe , Abraham Jame 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: There are case reports of patients with both primary breast cancer (BC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We explore the association between these two malignancies using SEER population data and our institutional records.Methods: We studied the association between BC and RCC in the 2000-2016 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. We then reviewed our hospital records of patients with both BC and RCC and collected information including personal and family history of cancers, genetic testing, and patient outcomes.Results: Of the 813,477 females diagnosed with BC in the SEER database, 1,914 later developed RCC. The risk of developing RCC was significantly increased within the first six months, 7-12 months, and 1-5 years following BC diagnosis with standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of 5.08 (95% CI, 4.62- 5.57), 2.09 (95% CI, 1.8-2.42), and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.06-1.24), respectively. Of 56,200 females with RCC, 1,087 later developed BC. The risk of developing BC following RCC was elevated within the first six months (SIR of 1.45 [95% CI, 1.20-1.73]). For our hospital patients, 437 had both BC and RCC. 427 (97.71%) were female, and 358 (81.92%) were white, and breast cancer was diagnosed before RCC in 246 (61.5%) patients. There were 15 germline mutations in those with genetic testing. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that BC patients are at higher risk of developing RCC and vice versa. BC tended to precede RCC, and patients frequently had personal histories of other malignancies and a family history of cancer, particularly BC.