bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase Retrieval from Sampled Gabor Transform Magnitudes: Counterexamples
Authors: Alaifari Rima , Wellershoff Matthias 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe consider the recovery of square-integrable signals from discrete, equidistant samples of their Gabor transform magnitude and show that, in general, signals can not be recovered from such samples. In particular, we show that for any lattice, one can construct functions in$$L^2({\mathbb {R}})$$L2(R)which do not agree up to global phase but whose Gabor transform magnitudes sampled on the lattice agree. These functions have good concentration in both time and frequency and can be constructed to be real-valued for rectangular lattices.
Suizide im deutschen Strafvollzug: Häufigkeit, Risikofaktoren und Prävention
Authors: Opitz-Welke Annette , Konrad Norbert 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungGefangene haben ein hohes Suizidrisiko und die höchsten Suizidraten sind bei Untersuchungsgefangenen zu verzeichnen. Suizid ist die häufigste singuläre Todesursache in deutschen Gefängnissen. In diesem narrativen Übersichtsbeitrag werden zunächst die Gefängnispopulation und ihre allgemeine Gesundheitsversorgung beschrieben, wobei insbesondere auf psychiatrische und Substanzkonsumstörungen eingegangen wird. Der Hauptteil widmet sich der Prävalenz, den Ursachen und Risikofaktoren von Gefängnissuizid. Maßnahmen zur Suizidprävention werden dargestellt.Der Anteil von Männern unter Gefangenen in Deutschland ist mit 94 % (2020) wie in allen Teilen der Welt sehr hoch. Die meisten Gefangenen sind jungen oder mittleren Alters. Die durchschnittlichen jährlichen Suizidraten bei Männern und Frauen in deutschen Gefängnissen entsprechen mit 105,8/100.000 bzw. 54,7/100.000 denen der meisten Länder in der Europäischen Union (Vollerhebung 2000–2011). Die Suizidraten bei männlichen deutschen Gefangenen sind in den Jahren 2000–2013 unabhängig vom Alter kontinuierlich zurückgegangen. Bei weiblichen Gefangenen stiegen sie dagegen an, wobei die Ursachen hierfür nicht bekannt sind. Es gibt Hinweise darauf, dass psychiatrische Erkrankungen nicht erkannt worden waren.Wichtige suizidpräventive Maßnahmen sind die Unterbringung in Gemeinschaft und die Vermeidung von Isolation, beispielsweise durch das Angebot von Arbeit. Zudem stehen validierte deutschsprachige Screeninginstrumente zur Verfügung, um ein Suizidrisiko frühzeitig zu erkennen. Für eine wirksame Gefängnissuizidprävention bedarf es der Identifikation von Hochrisikopersonen, des Angebots geeigneter suizidpräventiver Maßnahmen sowie der Entwicklung teambezogener Maßnahmen beim Gefängnispersonal.
Quantum Walks: Schur Functions Meet Symmetry Protected Topological Phases
Authors: Cedzich C. , Geib T. , Grünbaum F. A. , Velázquez L. , Werner A. H. , Werner R. F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper uncovers and exploits a link between a central object in harmonic analysis, the so-called Schur functions, and the very hot topic of symmetry protected topological phases of quantum matter. This connection is found in the setting of quantum walks, i.e. quantum analogs of classical random walks. We prove that topological indices classifying symmetry protected topological phases of quantum walks are encoded by matrix Schur functions built out of the walk. This main result of the paper reduces the calculation of these topological indices to a linear algebra problem: calculating symmetry indices of finite-dimensional unitaries obtained by evaluating such matrix Schur functions at the symmetry protected points $$\pm 1$$

±
1

. The Schur representation fully covers the complete set of symmetry indices for 1D quantum walks with a group of symmetries realizing any of the symmetry types of the tenfold way. The main advantage of the Schur approach is its validity in the absence of translation invariance, which allows us to go beyond standard Fourier methods, leading to the complete classification of non-translation invariant phases for typical examples.
The monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) as a potential pest for agriculture in the Mediterranean basin
Authors: Castro Jorge , Sáez Carmen , Molina-Morales Mercedes 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) has been introduced in the last decades to many cities in many parts of the world. For most of this time it has been restricted primarily to urban areas, but it is starting to spread to rural habitats. In its native range, the monk parakeet is considered a pest for agriculture, consuming a wide variety of crops such as grains, fruits, and vegetables. However, there is very little information about its potential role as a pest for agriculture in the areas where it is exotic. Here we conducted an experimental survey of the impact of the monk parakeet on corn in SE Spain using camera traps. The monk parakeet was the animal that produced the highest damage, being responsible for 98.6% of the time employed by all animals consuming corn. The percentage of cobs damaged ranged from 36.8 to 100% depending on the cultivar, whereas the crop loss (measured as the length of the cob consumed with respect to the total length of the cob) ranged from 17.7 to 71.1%. The results suggest that the monk parakeet may be a serious pest for agriculture in the Mediterranean basin if their populations continue growing.
Machine learning reveals complex effects of climatic means and weather extremes on wheat yields during different plant developmental stages
Authors: Schierhorn Florian , Hofmann Max , Gagalyuk Taras , Ostapchuk Igor , Müller Daniel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRising weather volatility poses a growing challenge to crop yields in many global breadbaskets. However, empirical evidence regarding the effects of extreme weather conditions on crop yields remains incomplete. We examine the contribution of climate and weather to winter wheat yields in Ukraine, a leading crop exporter with some of the highest yield variabilities observed globally. We used machine learning to link daily climatic data with annual winter wheat yields from 1985 to 2018. We differentiated the impacts of long-term climatic conditions (e.g., temperature) and weather extremes (e.g., heat waves) on yields during the distinct developmental stages of winter wheat. Our results suggest that climatic and weather variables alone explained 54% of the wheat yield variability at the country level. Heat waves, tropical night waves, frost, and drought conditions, particularly during the reproductive and grain filling phase, constitute key factors that compromised wheat yields in Ukraine. Assessing the impacts of weather extremes on crop yields is urgent to inform strategies that help cushion farmers against growing production risks because these extremes will likely become more frequent and intense with climate change.
“Knowing That I’m Not Necessarily Alone in My Struggles”: UK Autistic Performing Arts Professionals’ Experiences of a Mentoring Programme
Authors: Buckley Eleanor , Pellicano Elizabeth , Remington Anna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis research examined whether professional mentoring could have a positive effect on the occupational self-efficacy of autistic performing arts professionals. We compared the outcomes of one group who received mentoring to a waitlist control group. 26 participants took part in this study: 15 autistic mentees and 11 mentors, three of whom were also autistic. The mentoring programme was well received and felt to be beneficial by the participating mentees and mentors, particularly regarding gains in mentees’ occupational self-efficacy. Professional mentoring also addressed several work-oriented challenges identified by autistic performing arts professionals such as feelings of isolation in the industry and need for consultation and advice on both a professional level, and for mentees with autistic mentors, also a neurodivergent one.
Two Dimensional Analysis and Optimization of Hybrid MDCD-TENO Schemes
Authors: Tan Raynold , Ooi Andrew 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article, a quasi-linear semi-discrete analysis of shock capturing schemes in two dimensional wavenumber space is proposed. Using the dispersion relation of the two dimensional advection and linearized Euler equations, the spectral properties of a spatial scheme can be quantified in two dimensional wavenumber space. A hybrid scheme (HYB-MDCD-TENO6) which combines the merits of the minimum dispersion and controllable dissipation (MDCD) scheme with the targeted essentially non-oscillatory (TENO) scheme was developed and tested. Using the two dimensional analysis framework, the scheme was spectrally optimized in such a way that the linear part of the scheme can be separately optimized for its dispersion and dissipation properties. In order to compare its performance against existing schemes, the proposed scheme as well as the baseline schemes were tested against a series of benchmark test cases. It was found that the HYB-MDCD-TENO6 scheme provides similar or better resolution as compared to the baseline TENO6 schemes for the same grid size.
Pain fingerprinting using multimodal sensing: pilot study
Authors: Keskinarkaus Anja , Yang Ruijing , Fylakis Angelos , Surat-E-Mostafa Md. , Hautala Arto , Hu Yong , Peng Jinye , Zhao Guoying , Seppänen Tapio , Karppinen Jaro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pain is a complex phenomenon, the experience of which varies widely across individuals. At worst, chronic pain can lead to anxiety and depression. Cost-effective strategies are urgently needed to improve the treatment of pain, and thus we propose a novel home-based pain measurement system for the longitudinal monitoring of pain experience and variation in different patients with chronic low back pain. The autonomous nervous system and audio-visual features are analyzed from heart rate signals, voice characteristics and facial expressions using a unique measurement protocol. Self-reporting is utilized for the follow-up of changes in pain intensity, induced by well-designed physical maneuvers, and for studying the consecutive trends in pain. We describe the study protocol, including hospital measurements and questionnaires and the implementation of the home measurement devices. We also present different methods for analyzing the multimodal data: electroencephalography, audio, video and heart rate. Our intention is to provide new insights using technical methodologies that will be beneficial in the future not only for patients with low back pain but also patients suffering from any chronic pain.
Analysis of the Educational Poverty in Spain by Subjects, Regions and Gender
Authors: Sánchez-Antón María-del-Carmen , Badillo-Amador Rosa , Marco-Gil María-del-Carmen , LLinares-Ciscar Juan-Vicente , Álvarez-Díez Susana , Sánchez-García Juan-Francisco 
Published: December 2021

AbstractQuality education is a key factor to improve people’s lives and to achieve sustainable development. Using data from PISA 2009, 2012 and 2015, in this paper the level of educational poverty of the Spanish regions is calculated by applying the Adjusted Bourguignon Chakravarty index, $$B{C}^{a}$$

B

C

a

(Sánchez-García et al. in Soc Indicat Res 145(2): 479–501). A descriptive analysis of the differences in educational poverty by gender and the contribution of each region and subject to the national level of educational poverty is also provided. This information could certainly be considered a starting point to tackle educational poverty in Spain.
Deciphering Solar Magnetic Activity: 140 Years of the ‘Extended Solar Cycle’ – Mapping the Hale Cycle
Authors: McIntosh Scott W. , Leamon Robert J. , Egeland Ricky , Dikpati Mausumi , Altrock Richard C. , Banerjee Dipankar , Chatterjee Subhamoy , Srivastava Abhishek K. , Velli Marco 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe investigate the occurrence of the “extended solar cycle” (ESC) as it occurs in a host of observational data spanning 140 years. Investigating coronal, chromospheric, photospheric, and interior diagnostics, we develop a consistent picture of solar activity migration linked to the 22-year Hale (magnetic) cycle using superposed epoch analysis (SEA) and previously identified Hale cycle termination events as the key time for the SEA. Our analysis shows that the ESC and Hale cycle, as highlighted by the terminator-keyed SEA, is strongly recurrent throughout the entire observational record studied, some 140 years. Applying the same SEA method to the sunspot record confirms that Maunder’s butterfly pattern is a subset of the underlying Hale cycle, strongly suggesting that the production of sunspots is not the fundamental feature of the Hale cycle, but the ESC is. The ESC (and Hale cycle) pattern highlights the importance of $55^{\circ }$

55
∘

latitude in the evolution, and possible production, of solar magnetism.
Point process simulation of generalised inverse Gaussian processes and estimation of the Jaeger integral
Authors: Godsill Simon , Kındap Yaman 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper novel simulation methods are provided for the generalised inverse Gaussian (GIG) Lévy process. Such processes are intractable for simulation except in certain special edge cases, since the Lévy density associated with the GIG process is expressed as an integral involving certain Bessel functions, known as the Jaeger integral in diffusive transport applications. We here show for the first time how to solve the problem indirectly, using generalised shot-noise methods to simulate the underlying point processes and constructing an auxiliary variables approach that avoids any direct calculation of the integrals involved. The resulting augmented bivariate process is still intractable and so we propose a novel thinning method based on upper bounds on the intractable integrand. Moreover, our approach leads to lower and upper bounds on the Jaeger integral itself, which may be compared with other approximation methods. The shot noise method involves a truncated infinite series of decreasing random variables, and as such is approximate, although the series are found to be rapidly convergent in most cases. We note that the GIG process is the required Brownian motion subordinator for the generalised hyperbolic (GH) Lévy process and so our simulation approach will straightforwardly extend also to the simulation of these intractable processes. Our new methods will find application in forward simulation of processes of GIG and GH type, in financial and engineering data, for example, as well as inference for states and parameters of stochastic processes driven by GIG and GH Lévy processes.
A study of the phosphorylation proteomic skin characteristics of Tan sheep during the newborn and er-mao stages
Authors: Chen Yonghong , He Dongqian , Li Yachao , Luo Fang , Zhang Meng , Wang Junkui , Chen Liyao , Tao Jinzhong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this experiment, in order to study the formation mechanism of the lamb fur of Tan sheep, skin samples were collected from Tan sheep at the newborn and er-mao stages. Then, the phosphorylated proteomes of the skin samples of Tan sheep at the two different stages were compared and analyzed using a TMT labeled quantitative phosphorylation proteomic technique. A total of 2806 phosphorylated proteins were identified, including 8184 phosphorylation sites. The results of this study’s quantitative analysis showed that when compared with the skin samples at the er-mao stage, the phosphorylation levels of 171 sites had been upregulated in the skin samples at newborn stage. Meanwhile, 125 sites had been downregulated at the same stage. As shown by the results of the functional enrichment analysis of the differentially phosphorylated proteins, they had been mainly enriched in the cysteine and methionine metabolism. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of KAP4.7 and KAP13.1 had also varied during the different skin stages. These results indicated that the cysteine metabolism pathways, as well as the phosphorylation modifications of the keratin associated proteins in the skin, played important roles in the formation of the er-mao stage fur of the Tan sheep. Therefore, the findings of this study provided a new angle for interpreting the formation mechanism of er-mao stage fur properties.
Gender Stereotyping of Robotic Systems in Eldercare: An Exploratory Analysis of Ethical Problems and Possible Solutions
Authors: Weßel Merle , Ellerich-Groppe Niklas , Schweda Mark 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSocio psychological studies show that gender stereotypes play an important role in human-robot interaction. However, they may have various morally problematic implications and consequences that need ethical consideration, especially in a sensitive field like eldercare. Against this backdrop, we conduct an exploratory ethical analysis of moral issues of gender stereotyping in robotics for eldercare. The leading question is what moral problems and conflicts can arise from gender stereotypes in care robots for older people and how we should deal with them. We first provide an overview on the state of empirical research regarding gender stereotyping in human-robot interaction and the special field of care robotics for older people. Starting from a principlist approach, we then map possible moral problems and conflicts with regard to common ethical principles of autonomy, care, and justice. We subsequently consider possible solutions for the development and implementation of morally acceptable robots for eldercare, focusing on three different strategies: explanation, neutralization, and queering of care robots. Finally, we discuss potentials and problems associated with these three strategies and conclude that especially the queering of robotics and the idea of a gender-fluid robot offers an innovative outlook that deserves closer ethical, social, and technological examination.
Energy storage systems for drilling rigs
Authors: Chupin Evgeniy , Frolov Konstantin , Korzhavin Maxim , Zhdaneev Oleg 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEnergy storage systems are an important component of the energy transition, which is currently planned and launched in most of the developed and developing countries. The article outlines development of an electric energy storage system for drilling based on electric-chemical generators. Description and generalization are given for the main objectives for this system when used on drilling rigs isolated within a single pad, whether these are fed from diesel gensets, gas piston power plants, or 6–10 kV HV lines. The article studies power operating modes of drilling rigs, provides general conclusions and detailed results for one of more than fifty pads. Based on the research, a generic architecture of the energy storage module is developed, and an engineering prototype is built. The efficiency of using a hybrid energy accumulation design is proven; the design calls for joint use of Li-ion cells and supercapacitors, as well as three-level inverters, to control the storage system. The article reviews all possible options for connecting the system into a unified rig power circuit, and the optimum solution is substantiated. The research into the rig operating modes and engineering tests yielded a simplified mathematical model of an energy storage unit integrated into the power circuit of a drilling rig. The model is used to forecast the payoff period of the system for various utilization options and rig operating modes. The findings of this study can help to better understand which type of storage system is the most efficient for energy systems with temporary high load peaks, like drilling rigs.
Ecological connectivity of the marine protected area network in the Baltic Sea, Kattegat and Skagerrak: Current knowledge and management needs
Authors: Berkström Charlotte , Wennerström Lovisa , Bergström Ulf 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMarine protected areas (MPAs) have become a key component of conservation and fisheries management to alleviate anthropogenic pressures. For MPA networks to efficiently promote persistence and recovery of populations, ecological connectivity, i.e. dispersal and movement of organisms and material across ecosystems, needs to be taken into account. To improve the ecological coherence of MPA networks, there is hence a need to evaluate the connectivity of species spreading through active migration and passive dispersal. We reviewed knowledge on ecological connectivity in the Baltic Sea, Kattegat and Skagerrak in the northeast Atlantic and present available information on species-specific dispersal and migration distances. Studies on genetic connectivity are summarised and discussed in relation to dispersal-based analyses. Threats to ecological connectivity, limiting dispersal of populations and lowering the resilience to environmental change, were examined. Additionally, a review of studies evaluating the ecological coherence of MPA networks in the Baltic Sea, Kattegat and Skagerrak was performed, and suggestions for future evaluations to meet management needs are presented.
The Dichotomized States of Shame in the Scholastic Buddhism
Authors: Sun Hao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractShame is by and large dichotomized into hrī and (vy)apatrāpya in the Buddhist context. In the Sarvāstivāda and Yogācāra scholasticism, both hrī (in Chinese translation: 慚 cán) and (vy)apatrāpya (in Chinese translation: 愧 kuì) are subsumed under the wholesome (kuśala) states (dharmas). In this paper, firstly, previous studies and the etymologies of the two terms above will be closely reviewed; secondly, the exposition and contrast of hrī and (vy)apatrāpya between the Sarvāstivāda and Yogācāra will be minutely contextualized; thirdly, the merit of possessing dichotomized states of shame will be thoroughly investigated. Central to my research is a glimpse of the scholastic Indian Buddhist sophistication, exemplified by two kinds of shame, as well as the initial consideration of hrī and (vy)apatrāpya in the context of shame, guilt, and conscience in the Anglophone philosophy, while also taking their association with Buddhist morality (śīla) and concentration (samādhi) into account.