bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of microwave radiation with a frequency of 2.45 GHz as a factor reducing the storage losses of potato tubers
Authors: Jakubowski T , Syrotyuk S , Yankovska K 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe goal of the paper is to evaluate the suitability of the 2.45 GHz microwave radiation in reducing the potato tubers storage losses. The experiment was conducted for three consecutive storage seasons on six edible potato varieties. It was determined that reaction of potato tubers to microwave radiation defined by processes taking place during the storage has a varietal character. Some microwave-irradiated combinations showed tendencies for increased germination. One potato variety responded to microwave radiation with significantly lower degree of infection by black scurf.
Influence of the constant electric field on the photon emission characteristics of selected utility cultivars of the Camellia plant
Authors: Miernik A , Kiełbasa P , Findura P , Byrska K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article presents the research results related to the measurement of the reaction biological substance to extortion, which was a permanent field electric. To identify the degree of reaction of a biological substance, the phenomenon of generating short light pulses was used, which was registered with a photomultiplier tube turned on in appropriate measurement path. For the research, dried leaves of the Camellia plant were used, which was subjected to the influence of a constant electric field in two voltage combinations, i.e. 1kV and 3kV, and then, using the method of counting single photons, their number was summed in a 1800-second time interval. Significant differences in the number of registered photons were found between the drought subjected to the action of a constant electric field and the drought, where this interaction was not applied. It should be noted that a differentiation was also noted between the dried plants that were subjected to a constant electric field, but with different voltage. Therefore, it is possible, experimentally confirmed, to parameterize the analyzed substance by measuring the total photon emission and identifying selected properties of the substance based on the photon emission characteristics during the measurement..
Influence of the geometry of defects in textronic structures on their electrical properties
Authors: Pawłowski S , Plewako J , Korzeniewska E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Continuity of the conductive path is a prerequisite for the phenomenon of electric current to exist in the structures of wearable electronics. The value of the current depends not only on the material properties of the structure but also on the geometrical dimensions of the defect of a thin electrically conductive layer. The article describes the analysis of the influence of the width and slope of the linear defect of a thin metallic layer on the value of the current. The conducted simulations show that when the width of the defect is smaller than 40% of the distance of the defect from the edge of the path, the current intensity depends on the ratio of the width to the length of the defect to a very small extent. The value of the current also depends on the slope of the defect to the path axis. In the case of a larger number of defects, their influence on the effective track resistance depends not only on their size but also on their location and distance from each other. The resistance of the entire electrically conductive layer is also influenced by the location of defects in relation to its edges.
Thermal and Mechanical Properties a Membrane of the Mixing PVA Nanocomposite and Limestone Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Sirait Makmur , Sinulingga Karya , Siregar Nurdin , Fitri Dewi , Padang Samuel T.W. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of membranes from a mixture of PVA nanocomposites and limestone hydroxyapatite have been carried out. The limestone is crushed, sieved with a size of 200 mesh. The synthesis of hydroxyapatite was carried out by heating limestone powder using a furnace at a temperature of 600 °C for 4 hours. Furthermore, limestone was dissolved with distilled water and 0.3M H3PO4 solution using a magnetic stirrer with stirring at 300 rpm for 1 hour. The pH of the solution was made 10 by adding 1 M NH4OH periodically. The solution was aged for 24 hours and the precipitate was dried using an oven at 120 °C for 5 hours. The hydroxyapatite powder was characterized by FTIR to see the functional groups and XRD characterization to see the hexagonal hydroxyapatite phase. The characterization results obtained that the main groups of hydroxyapatite compounds were calcium hydroxide (CaO), phosphate (PO4
3-), and hydroxyl (OH−) groups with a crystal size of 86.27 nm. Limestone hydroxyapatite was mixed with a solution of PVA-chitosan with a composition variation of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% weight using a magnetic stirrer at 40°C for 3 hours using the sol-gel method. The membrane obtained was characterized by DSC to determine its thermal properties and UTM to determine its mechanical properties. The maximum melting point obtained in the mixture (98: 2) % was 195.51°C and the highest tensile strength was at the percentage of 1% with a modulus of elasticity of 22.28 M.Pa and tensile strength of 13.23 M.Pa.
Percentage of reducing heat of coco fiber material as a potential isolation of building walls
Authors: Kemala J , Selamat T , Rusnardi R , Rumilla H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper was purposed to determine the percentage of coco fibers ability in reducing heat as a potential for insulation building walls with different coco fiber thickness. For the fulfillment of thermal comfort in buildings requires engineering, knowledge and skills and innovation. One way to reduce hot air in the room can be done through walls, thereby reducing the use of air conditioning. The walls need protection and solar heat absorbers which can make the room inside the building have thermal comfort. Based on this, research needs to be done on natural ingredients that can function to reduce heat. Tests carried out on coconut fiber and fiber-free materials. Material without fiber and coco fiber thickness are 1 centimeter, 2 centimeter and 3 centimeter. This coco fiber material is coated with a mixture of cement which also functions as a fiber adhesive. In this case testing by applying heat of 35 Celsius degree to one side of the fiber and measuring the temperature that occurs on the other side of the fiber. The test results found that there was a significant difference between the heat temperature supplied and the heat temperature measured on coco fiber. The thicker the coco fiber material, the greater the percentage of heat that can be reduced. This shows that the coco fiber material has the potential to reduce heat as a wall covering against solar radiation.
The Development of Physics Test Instrument Based on PISA for Optical Topic in High School
Authors: Hijriati  , Sahyar  , Derlina  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop a PISA-based physics test instrument for optical topic in high school with a valid category. This study is a type of research and development (Research & Development). The concept used is the development of Analysis, Design, Development, Implement and Evaluation (ADDIE). This research is limited to the development stage, namely expert validation. The stage of needs analysis and material analysis with literature study, it was found that there was minimal variation in the assessment and students still find it difficult to find references to PISA-based physics questions, especially on optical material. The material for developed physics problems includes optical phenomena, light reflection, light refraction and optical tools. At the design stage, 40 items were obtained based on the PISA scientific literacy competency, which were classified into three competency standards, namely: explaining scientific phenomena; evaluate and design scientific research; interpret scientific data and evidence. Furthermore, at the development stage, the validity test was carried out with three expert validators. The results of expert validation show that 35 items meet the content and construct validation with the valid category with revision and very valid, while 5 items are invalid and cannot be used.
Adsorption and desorption of zinc and copper in acid mine drainage onto synthesized zeolite from coal fly ash
Authors: Hidayat Amalia Ekaputri , Moersidik Setyo Sarwanto , Adityosulindro Sandyanto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Synthetic zeolite is considered a more effective adsorbent due to its high purity and high removal efficiency. On the other hand, acid mine drainage contains various metal ions, such as zinc, copper, iron, and manganese which are toxic for the ecosystem in a certain concentration. One of the solutions to remove these metal ions is through adsorption. Therefore, the study of adsorption and desorption of zinc and copper onto synthetic zeolite was conducted. The synthetic zeolite was synthesized from coal fly ash and the acid mine drainage was prepared artificially. The adsorption experiment was carried out using a batch system. NaCl, H2SO4, and HNO3 were used as desorption agent. The adsorption studies revealed that the removal efficiency of both Zn2+ and Cu2+ onto the studied adsorbent decrease with the increase of adsorbate concentration. While the adsorption selectivity for multi-system synthetic AMD solution by the studied adsorbent were found to the order of Fe2+> Cu2+> Zn2+> Mn2+.After being reused three times, the synthetic zeolite shows a decrease in for Zn2+ and Cu2+ adsorption efficiency of about 10%. Furthermore, the desorption study shows the ineffective use of NaCl, H2SO4, and HNO3 as desorption agents in this study.
Modeling of transient caused by lightning strike at Nias high voltage substation using ATP-EMTP case study
Authors: Hardi Surya , Matondang Aprima Anugerah , Rambe Ali Hanafiah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lightning has always been a dangerous threat to power system equipment consisting of: power plants, substations, transmission lines and distribution lines. Commonly, the overhead high voltage transmission line is subjected to lightning strikes. Therefore the protection level against lightning is determined based on the level of insulation of equipment. To prevent damage due the equipment due to a lightning strike, an arrester is used. In this study, three models of arrester are used as comparison viz. IEEE arrester model, Micaela arrester model and Karbalaye arrester model. The system were simulated by using the Alternative Transients Program (ATP) software. The results show that the lightning arrester is declared successful in protecting the transmission system, where the three lightning arresters have Margin Protection (MP) arrester which reaches 28%. In the simulation, it is known that the IEEE and Karbalaye arrester successfully breakdown the lightning current in transmission system so that the transient overvoltage recorded on the transformer does not exceed the Basic Insulation Level (BIL) value of the transformer. While the Pincenti arrester has also succeeded in reducing the voltage on the system but its value is greater than the transformer BIL of the substation, Teluk Dalam, Nias
Modeling Of Generator Neutral Grounding Through Distribution Transformator Using Lab View Graphical User Interface
Authors: Hardi Surya , Fitriani Ayu , Sinulingga Emerson P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Computation of the generator neutral grounding system through a distribution transformer can be done through manual calculations. A lot of data is used in calculations so that the possibility of recurring calculations. This is very difficult and causes a large difference in the calculation results. Therefore, a computer-based computing system is needed to overcome problems like this. Several papers have been developed on the calculation of the voltage capacity through medium grounding, the length of the electrodes attached to the ground of the generator, one-phase faults to the ground, and zero sequence current disturbances. Therefore, this paper discusses modeling using the LabView Graphical User Interface (GUI) application to create it easier to design neutral grounding for equipment. As an implementation, modeling using Std. C62.92.2TM-2017 data and the results of the generator neutral grounding design can be easy, faster, and more accurate.
Improved Quality of using Voltage Static Var Compensator and Capacitor Bank on the Transmission Line
Authors: Hardi Surya , Rahmat Muadzzah , Sinulingga Emerson P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The increase in load which increases every year causes a decrease in voltage on the line which is getting bigger. The voltage drop on the transmission line greatly affects the quality of the voltage. The voltage that arrives at the electrical equipment will decrease which in turn reduces the performance of the equipment. The power flow study uses the Fast Decoupled method, the voltage on each bus can be determined. The performance parameters observed are the value of the power factor, voltage, active power, and reactive power to determine the parameters for the location and size of the capacitor bank capacities and the static var compensator (SVC). By increasing the power factor in the range of 0.85pu to 0.95pu, the bus voltage can fulfill the SPLN standard. Parameters are designed and simulated using the ETAP programming software version 12.6.0 by testing each bus that experiences a voltage drop in turn based on the voltage limit and the power factor value ≤ 0.85pu. Furthermore, several buses with the appropriate capacity rating are selected to increase the voltage on the system. The simulation results will show the effectiveness of the capacitor bank and static var compensator (SVC) to increase the voltage value on each bus.
Prediction of Land Change for Oil Palm Plantations in Penajam Subdistrict, Penajam Paser Utara Regency, East Kalimantan Province
Authors: Maulidya Afifah , Damayanti Astrid , Indra Tito Latif , Dimyati Muhammad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Penajam Subdistrict is the center of government and economy of the North Penajam Paser Regency. It has an area of oil palm plantations that continues to grow every year. The massive growth of oil palm plantations has resulted in converting agricultural land to oil palm plantations. The transformation of land function occurs because oil palm plantations are considered more profitable than planting rice. This study aims to analyze and predict land-use changes for oil palm in Penajam Subdistrict in 2031. The method used in this study uses a Geographical Information System (GIS) approach with the CA-Markov prediction model. The drivers of land-use change as input to the CA-Markov model consist of distance from the road, distance from the river, distance from the forest, elevation, and slope. The results showed an increase in the area of oil palm plantations and a decrease in the forest area. The Kappa test results show a value of 88%, which means it has an adequate accuracy level. In 2031, the location of oil palm plantations in the Penajam Regency will reach 11,542.57 ha or 23,1%.
Planting Pattern Modeling Based on Rainfall Prediction Using Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network (Case Study: BMKG Rainfall Data, Deli Serdang Regency)
Authors: Simamora Elmanani , Yusardi Wahyunita , Mansyur Abil 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The results of data analysis are known from the Agricultural Research and Development Agency that the cropping pattern in Deli Serdang Regency was initially rice-rice with changes in varieties, the cropping pattern changed to the rice-rice-rice pattern. The continuous rice cropping pattern for some time eventually caused new problems, namely the exploitation of rice pests (leafhoppers, Nephotettix Virescens, Orsealia Oryzae) and causing crop failure. This exploitative rice pest is one of the causes of the decline in agricultural productivity in the Deli Serdang Regency. The purpose of this study provides alternative solutions to increase agricultural production in Deli Serdang with modeling cropping pattern most profitable based on the placement of planting time that best suits the needs of rainfall in Deli Serdang that predicted using Neural Network Backpropagation so it can be used as guidelines in the utilization of agricultural land in Deli Serdang Regency. The model Backpropagation best in this study is 12-2-1, with the learning rate best 0.08 and best momentum 0.99 with Mean Square Erro testing is 0.0260. Based on the planting calendar and cropping models obtained from rainfall predictions, the cropping patterns that can be applied in Deli Serdang Regency are modeled, namely the cropping patterns of palawija-rice-rice, palawija-rice-palawija, palawija-palawija-palawija, and palawija-palawija-rice.
Fuzziness Evaluation on Hybrid Context Based Clustering Methods with Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering-Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Abdussamad Siti Nurmardia , Astutik Suci , Efendi Achmad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This research contains to hybrid Context Based Clustering Method integrated with Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering-Particle Swarm Optimization (CFGWC-PSO). The computation time using CFGWC-PSO Algorithm is faster than other algorithms. CFGWC-PSO algorithm was applied on 11 variables from data factors causing the spread of dengue in East Java. One of the parameters used in this analysis is fuzziness (m), which is the parameter used to measure the level of obscurity from the clustering results. In this paper will use different fuzziness (m) values to evaluating best fuzziness value (m) which are appropriate used to clustering with CFGWC-PSO algorithm. CFGWC-PSO algorithm using fuzziness (m) = 1.5 and fuzziness (m) = 2, number of clusters = 2 then CFGWC-PSO will evaluated using IFV index. Based on IFV index found that the best clustering in this case with CFGWC-PSO algorithm is with using fuzziness value (m) = 2.
Design and Realisation of Reusable Artefacts for Internal Supply Chain Management in Manufacturing Company
Authors: Komarudin Oman , Arrumaisha Hanifa , Azurat Ade 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Maintaining many similar software products with huge similarities and some variations have been studied is Software Product Line Engineering (SPLE). Traditional software methodology lacks the notions to model and maintain those variability and commonality in all phases of standard known software methodology (e.g. from requirement phase up to the testing phase). This paper shows a proposed software methodology based on SPLE to ease the development and maintainability of similar software product. The paper focuses on the design and realizes the reusable artefacts to generate a family of software products systematically with case study example of Supply Chain Management in Manufacturing. This methodology utilized the commonly known UML diagram with the use of UML Profile of Delta Programming and some tools of code generator.
Effect of Inquiry Learning Model on Science Process Skills and Critical Thinking Ability in Human Movement Organs in Class V Public Elementary School 050666 Lubuk Dalam Stabat.
Authors: Sari Nurza Ulfa Maya , Suyanti Retno Dwi , Dewi Rosmala 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine: (1) The effect of the inquiry learning model on science process skills on human movement organ material in class V SD Negeri 050666 LubukDalamStabat District; (2) Increasing science process skills by using the inquiry learning model in the eye organ movement material in humans in class V SD Negeri 050666 LubukDalam, Stabat District; (3) The effect of the inquiry learning model on the critical thinking ability of human movement organ material in class V SD Negeri 050666 LubukDalam, Stabat District; (4) Increasing the ability to think critically with the inquiry learning model in the eyes of the movement organ material in humans in class V SD Negeri 050666 LubukDalam, Stabat District. This study used a pretest and posttest non equivalent control group design. The instrument in this study was a test of science process skills and critical thinking skills. The data analysis used t-test and gain score. The results showed: (1) the inquiry learning model has an effect on science process skills, this is based on the value of sig. (2-tailed) 0.000<0.05 that H0 is rejected; (2) there is an increase in science process skills improvement by using the inquiry learning model, this is based on the gain score; (3) the inquiry learning model has an effect on critical thinking skills, this is based on the value of sig. (2-tailed) 0.000<0.05 so that H0 is rejected; (4) there is an increase in critical thinking skills with the inquiry learning model, this is based on the gain score.
The Obstacles of Software Process Improvement in Software House: A Systematic Literature Review and Empirical Study
Authors: Elfaiz Ersha Aisyah , Raharjo Teguh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A software house, that established in 2005 based in Indonesia, got 31 projects in 2019. By the end of year, Project Management Officer released documents to inform company’s project health. There are 14 projects confirmed late, 6 projects on time and 11 projects scheduled complete on the next year. That late projects cause serious problem like loses revenue and gets disrupted of company’s cash flow. Based on the root cause analysis, it found that no standardization of software development process in the company. Before designing the standardization to improve process, we need to analyze the obstacles that might be happened. Therefore, this study aims to identify the obstacles on software process improvement in software house. We performed a systematic literature review to determine the obstacles, then we do empirical research to 58 employees on company’s development department to sort the priority of obstacles in the company. From the systematic literature review, we found studies that relevant and there are 13 obstacles of software process improvement, then from the empirical research we got top three obstracles. We also proposed recommendations to solve that obstacles.
The Effect Of Source Voltage Fluctuation on Ilumination Decrease In Bandles, Led Lights, and Energy Saving Lights
Authors: Rimbawati  , Pelawi Zulpadli , Alam Hermansyah , Irwanto M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The fluctuating source voltage causes the distributed voltage not to have a nominal value of 220V and affects the characteristics of the lighting. In this study, observations were made on the change in source voltage of the three types of lighting during peak load times. The purpose of this research is to show that any change in the source voltage (PLN) can affect the lifetime of the light bulb. From the results of research on one of the LED lights, when 0 hours is turned on, the source voltage is at 227.0 volts with 108.4 Lux lamp illumination. When 12 hours are turned on, the source voltage is 225.9 Volts with 103.3 Lux lamp illumination. There was a decrease in source voltage of 1.1 Volt and a decrease in illumination of 5.1 Lux. And when 24 hours the lamp is turned on, the source voltage is at 230 Volt with 97.8 Lux lamp illumination. There was an increase in source voltage of 4.1 Volt and a decrease in illumination of 5.5 Lux. As a result of frequent increases in source voltage, the lamp lifetime will decrease more rapidly.