bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha-Gal Syndrome: Involvement of Amblyomma americanum α-D-galactosidase and α-1,4 Galactosyltransferase enzymes in α-gal metabolism
Authors: Sharma Surendra Raj , Crispell Gary , Mohamed Ahmed , Cox Cameron , Lange Joshua , Choudhary Shailesh , Commins Scott P. , Karim Shahid 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlpha-Gal Syndrome (AGS) is an IgE-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to the oligosaccharide galactose-⍰-1,3-galactose (α-gal) injected into humans from the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) bite. This study aims at the functional characterization of two tick enzymes, α-D-galactosidase (ADGal) and α-1,4 galactosyltransferase (β-1,4GalT) in α-gal metabolism. The ADGal enzyme cleaves terminal α-galactose moieties from glycoproteins and glycolipids, whereas β-1,4GalT transfers α-galactose to a β1,4 terminal linkage acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl in various processes of glycoconjugate synthesis. An RNA interference approach was utilized to silence ADGal and β-1,4GalT in Am. americanum to examine their functional role in α-gal metabolism and AGS onset. Silencing of ADGal led to the significant down regulation of genes involved in galactose metabolism and transport in Am. americanum. Immunoblot and N-glycan analysis of the Am. americanum salivary glands showed a significant reduction in ⍰-gal levels in silenced tissues. However, there was no significant difference in the level of ⍰-gal in β-1,4GalT silenced tick salivary glands. A basophil-activation test showed a decrease in the frequency of activated basophil by ADGal silenced salivary glands. These results provide an insight into the role of α-D galactosidase & β-1,4GalT in tick biology and the probable involvement in the onset of AGS.
PhyloVision: Interactive Software for Integrated Analysis of Single-Cell Transcriptomic and Phylogenetic Data
Authors: Jones Matthew G. , Rosen Yanay , Yosef Nir 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYRecent advances in CRISPR-Cas9 engineering and single-cell assays have enabled the simultaneous measurement of single-cell transcriptomic and phylogenetic profiles. However, there are few computational tools enabling users to integrate and derive insight from a joint analysis of these two modalities. Here, we describe PhyloVision: an open source software for interactively exploring data from both modalities and for identifying and interpreting heritable gene modules whose concerted expression are associated with phylogenetic relationships. PhyloVision provides a feature-rich, interactive, and shareable web-based report for investigating these modules, while also supporting several other data and meta-data exploration capabilities. We demonstrate the utility of PhyloVision using a published dataset of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma cells, whose phylogeny was resolved using a CRISPR/Cas9-based lineage-tracing system. Together, we anticipate that PhyloVision and the methods it implements will be a useful resource for scalable and intuitive data exploration for any assay that simultaneously measures cell state and lineage.
A Statistical Framework for Data Purification with Application to Microbiome Data Analysis
Authors: Sun Zequn , Zhao Jing , Liu Zhaoqian , Ma Qin , Chung Dongjun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIdentification of disease-associated microbial species is of great biological and clinical interest. However, this investigation still remains challenges due to heterogeneity in microbial composition between individuals, data quality issues, and complex relationships among species. In this paper, we propose a novel data purification algorithm that allows elimination of noise observations, which leads to increased statistical power to detect disease-associated microbial species. We illustrate the proposed algorithm using the metagenomic data generated from colorectal cancer patients.
ProtAnno, an Automated Cell Type Annotation Tool for Single Cell Proteomics Data that integrates information from Multiple Reference Sources
Authors: Deng Wenxuan , Zhu Biqing , Park Seyoung , Sumida Tomokazu S. , Unterman Avraham , Hafler David , Cruz Charles S. Dela , Kaminski Naftali , Lucas Carrie L. , Zhao Hongyu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCompared with sequencing-based global genomic profiling, cytometry labels targeted surface markers on millions of cells in parallel either by conjugated rare earth metal particles or Unique Molecular Identifier (UMI) barcodes. Correct annotation of these cells to specific cell types is a key step in the analysis of these data. However, there is no computational tool that automatically annotates single cell proteomics data for cell type inference. In this manuscript, we propose an automated single cellproteomics dataannotation approach calledProtAnnoto facilitate cell type assignments without laborious manual gating. ProtAnno is designed to incorporate information from annotated single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), CITE-seq, and prior data knowledge (which can be imprecise) on biomarkers for different cell types. We have performed extensive simulations to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of ProtAnno. For several single cell proteomics datasets that have been manually labeled, ProtAnno was able to correctly label most single cells. In summary, ProtAnno offers an accurate and robust tool to automate cell type annotations for large single cell proteomics datasets, and the analysis of such annotated cell types can offer valuable biological insights.
SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Regulation of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 and Tissue Renin-Angiotensin Systems: Influence of Biologic Sex
Authors: Ensor Charles M. , AlSiraj Yasir , Shoemaker Robin , Sturgill Jamie , Keshavamurthy Suresh , Gordon Elizabeth M. , Dong Brittany E. , Waters Christopher , Cassis Lisa A 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAngiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is an enzyme that limits activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and also serves as a receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein. Binding of S protein to ACE2 causes internalization which activates local RAS. ACE2 is on the X chromosome and its expression is regulated by sex hormones. In this study, we defined ACE2 mRNA abundance and examined effects of S protein on ACE2 activity and/or angiotensin II (AngII) levels in pivotal tissues (lung, adipose) from male and female mice. In lung, ACE2 mRNA abundance was reduced following gonadectomy (GDX) of male and female mice and was higher in XX than XY mice of the Four Core Genotypes (FCG). Reductions in lung ACE2 mRNA abundance by GDX occurred in XX, but not XY FCG female mice. Lung mRNA abundance of ADAM17 and TMPRSS2, enzymes that shed cell surface ACE2 and facilitate viral cell entry, was reduced by GDX in male but not female mice. For comparison, adipose ACE2 mRNA abundance was higher in female than male mice and higher in XX than XY FCG mice. Adipose ADAM17 mRNA abundance was increased by GDX of male and female mice. S protein reduced ACE2 activity in alveolar type II epithelial cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Administration of S protein to male and female mice increased lung AngII levels and decreased adipose ACE2 activity in male but not female mice. These results demonstrate that sex differences in ACE2 expression levels may impact local RAS following S protein exposures.
The creation of a specializedmedical-dental clinic for adults with developmental disabilities in Montreal, Canada
Authors: Ng Melody Blessing , Klag Malvina , Mazoff Carrie , Sacks Samantha , Czerednikow Chantal , Borbridge Kathryn , Broda Terry , Lai Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThere is inadequate health care for patients with developmental disabilities (DD), due to a number of systemic issues. This case study describes the establishment of a medical-dental clinic in Montréal, Québec for adults with DD. The purpose of this paper is to describe the model of interdisciplinary care based on best practices, as an example to encourage a growing community of trained health professionals to serve this population.Design/methodology/approachInterviews with all the clinic staff and leadership were conducted on-site at the clinic, followed by document review and discussions with an embedded researcher in the organization.FindingsThe clinic was established through a series of events that led to public and government interest to act, the timely emergence of major donors, and bringing together several dedicated individuals and organizations. The core team engaged in consultation with clinics, followed by extensive billing analyses and iterative process mapping as a learning organization. Prior to patient visits, the clinic conducted detailed intake processes to adequately plan for each patient interaction. Desensitization visits were undertaken to improve patient tolerance for examination and treatment. The continual collection of data fed into an evaluation framework to facilitate continuous improvement and articulate a model for replication.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors knowledge, there is not a clinic of this nature serving this population in Canada. This work can serve to inform the efforts of other care providers looking to create a medical – dental home for this population.
Exploring the masculinization of innovation practice within a municipality
Authors: Wigren-Kristoferson Caroline , Aggestam Maria 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to generate an empirically informed theoretical framework which can be used to analyze the relationship between gender and innovation in the context of a municipality. The authors present and analyze three illustrative tales from a feminist perspective. The authors thus offer a more balanced approach to the conceptualization of gendered ascriptions with respect to the possible outcomes of innovation work in a public context.Design/methodology/approachAn ethnographic account which employed “shadowing” as a method of observation.FindingsThe article presents a debate on how the social construction of gender and innovation can be placed in the context of a municipal reality. Our analysis reveals how the complexities of a gendered work life within a municipality can create paradoxes. A constructionism approach was used in the identification of hidden and unspoken paradoxes that exist in public spheres.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors used empirical tales from a very specific context, namely a Swedish municipality. The central implication of this study is the recognition of innovation as being masculine-gendered within the feminine context. This implication thereby deepens our understanding of gender paradoxes in the public sector.Practical implicationsThis study provides insights to practitioners who intend to work with innovation in a public organization.Social implicationsThe social implications of this study is that when a male-gendered concept like innovation is implemented in a female-gendered context, like a municipality, it is of importance to contextualize the concept.Originality/valueThe empirical value of examples of a gendered work landscape at a Swedish municipality.
Modeling a sequentially inspected system prone to degradation and shocks
Authors: Pant Himani , Singh S.B. 
Published: September 2021

PurposeIn certain environments, the system may not fail completely, but undergoes degradation, and the system productivity might decrease. Meanwhile, at the same time, the system may be vulnerable to shocks. A single-unit system prone to degradation and shocks is proposed in this study, and emphasis is placed upon determining its availability and cost rate.Design/methodology/approachThe considered single-unit system is expected to have three states, namely, normal, degraded and failed. As the system enters the degraded state, it is said to be partially failed. The degraded state incurs higher degradation than the normal state and is more prone to shocks. Inspections are used to determine the state and failure type of the system. Inspections are predetermined to be carried out sequentially at time I, I+aI, I+aI+a2I,… where 0 < a ≤ 1, until the detection of degradation/failure. Perfect repairs are conducted instantly on spotting the partial/complete failure. Two cases have been considered of repair taking constant times and random times.FindingsExplicit results on the reliability, availability (both point and limiting availability) and long-run average cost rate (LRACR) of a sequentially inspected single-unit system prone to degradation and shocks under constant and random repair times are given. Numerical example of an oil pipeline system is taken to clarify the acquired results.Originality/valueA sequentially inspected single-unit system prone to degradation and shock is studied unlike done previously.
Higher education: the best practices for fostering competences for sustainable development through the use of active learning methodologies
Authors: Martínez Casanovas Matilde , Ruíz-Munzón Noemí , Buil-Fabregá Marian 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse which are the active learning methodologies, which had better contribute to acquiring competences for sustainable development (SD) in higher education.

Design/methodology/approach
Cluster analysis is used to define 252 students’ skills patterns and their perception of the different active learning methodologies conducted in class to promote SD.

Findings
The results show how different learning methodologies enhance SD, the quality assessment perception of students regarding the methodologies used in class and present real-world experiences, problem-based learning and case studies as the active learning methodologies that had better promote SD.

Research limitations/implications
The limitations of the study are that the results obtained are particular for one university and are not generalizable to other institutions and could vary depending on the degree and year of study of the group of student participants.

Practical implications
The research proposes to introduce active learning methodologies in general and real-world experiences, problem-based learning and case studies in particular, in education for sustainable development.

Social implications
These research findings could be used for those interested in applying active learning methodologies to foster the acquisition of SD competences to promote the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development goals.

Originality/value
This research study aims to shed light on the nascent stage of the relationship between pedagogical approaches used in higher education to develop sustainability competences.
Social media influencers, product placement and network engagement: using AI image analysis to empirically test relationships
Authors: Rutter Richard N. , Barnes Stuart J. , Roper Stuart , Nadeau John , Lettice Fiona 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis research tests empirically the level of consumer engagement with a product via a nonbrand-controlled platform. The authors explore how social media influencers and traditional celebrities are using products within their own social media Instagram posts and how well their perceived endorsement of that product engages their network of followers.Design/methodology/approachA total of 226,881 posts on Instagram were analyzed using the Inception V3 convolutional neural network (CNN) pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset to identify product placement within the Instagram images of 75 of the world's most important social media influencers. The data were used to empirically test the relationships between influencers, product placement and network engagement and efficiency.FindingsInfluencers achieved higher network engagement efficiencies than celebrities; however, celebrity reach was important for engagement overall. Specialty influencers, known for their “subject” expertise, achieved better network engagement efficiency for related product categories. The highest level of engagement efficiency was achieved by beauty influencers advocating and promoting cosmetic and beauty products.Practical implicationsTo maximize engagement and return on investment, manufacturers, retailers and brands must ensure a close fit between the product type and category of influencer promoting a product within their social media posts.Originality/valueMost research to date has focused on brand-controlled social media accounts. This study focused on traditional celebrities and social media influencers and product placement within their own Instagram posts to extend understanding of the perception of endorsement and subsequent engagement with followers. The authors extend the theory of network effects to reflect the complexity inherent in the context of social media influencers.
Interacting with digitised historical newspapers: understanding the use of digital surrogates as primary sources
Authors: Late Elina , Kumpulainen Sanna 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe paper examines academic historians' information interactions with material from digital historical-newspaper collections as the research process unfolds.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed qualitative analysis from in-depth interviews with Finnish history scholars who use digitised historical newspapers as primary sources for their research. A model for task-based information interaction guided the collection and analysis of data.FindingsThe study revealed numerous information interactions within activities related to task-planning, the search process, selecting and working with the items and synthesis and reporting. The information interactions differ with the activities involved, which call for system support mechanisms specific to each activity type. Various activities feature information search, which is an essential research method for those using digital collections in the compilation and analysis of data. Furthermore, application of quantitative methods and multidisciplinary collaboration may be shaping culture in history research toward convergence with the research culture of the natural sciences.Originality/valueFor sustainable digital humanities infrastructure and digital collections, it is of great importance that system designers understand how the collections are accessed, why and their use in the real-world context. The study enriches understanding of the collections' utilisation and advances a theoretical framework for explicating task-based information interaction.
A comparative analysis of the internationalization of sub-national and central state-owned enterprises: shreds of evidence from Latin America
Authors: Finchelstein Diego , Gonzalez-Perez Maria Alejandra , Salvaj Erica Helena 
Published: September 2021

PurposeIn this exploratory multiple case study, we aim to compare the internationalization of two state-owned enterprises (SOEs) owned by subnational governments with three owned by central governments in Latin America. This study provides a contextualized answer to the question: What are the differences in the internationalization of subnationally owned SOEs compared to central SOEs? This study finds that the speed and diversification of these two types of SOEs’ internationalization differ because they have a different expansion logic. Subnationally owned SOEs have a gradual and diversified expansion following market rules. Central government’s SOEs are specialized and take more drastic steps in their internationalization, which relates to non-market factors.Design/methodology/approachThis study builds an exploratory qualitative comparative case analysis that uses multiple sources of data and information to develop a comprehensive understanding of SOEs through process tracing.FindingsThe study posits some assumptions that are confirmed in the case analysis. This study finds relevant differences between sub-national (SSOEs) and central authority (CSOEs’) strategies. SSOEs’ fewer resources and needs to increase income push them to follow a gradual market-driven internationalization and to diversify abroad. CSOEs non-gradual growth is justified by non-market factors (i.e. national politics). CSOEs do not diversify abroad due to the broader set of constituencies they have to face.Research limitations/implicationsGiven the exploratory comparative case study of this research, the findings are bounded by the particularities of the cases and their region (Latin America). This paper and its findings can be useful for theory building but it does not claim any generalization capacity.Originality/valueThis study adds complexity into the SOEs phenomenon by distinguishing between different types of SOEs. This paper contributes to the study of subnational phenomena and its effect in SOEs’ internationalization process, which is an understudied topic. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is among the first studies that explore subnational SOEs in Latin America.
Flavonoid fraction from chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw) leaves reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in hyperuricemic rats
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Aulia Putri , Putri Diah Pitaloka , Maharani Nani , Al-Baarri Ahmad Ni'matullah 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to study the effect of the flavonoid fraction of chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw) leaves (FFCL) on uric acid (UA) levels, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in hyperuricemia rats.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 30 Sprague–Dawley rats were divided randomly into 5 groups. A healthy control group was established. Hyperuricemia was induced by the administration of block broth and potassium oxonate for three weeks. FFCL at dosages of 50 and 100 mg/200 g BW/d or allopurinol at a dosage of 1.8 mg/200 g BW/d was given orally for 2 weeks. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate differences among groups before and after the intervention.

Findings
Treatment with two different doses FFCL (50 and 100 mg/200 g BW/d) and one dose of allopurinol (1.8 mg/200 g BW/d) for 2 weeks significantly reduced UA from 8.04 ± 0.23 to 3.88 ± 0.10; 8.03 ± 0.18 to 2.87 ± 0.10; 8.23 ± 0.21 to 2.53 ± 0.19 (p < 0.05), respectively. The oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde levels were reduced (p = 0.001) from 9.68 ± 0.28 to 4.06 ± 0.58; 10.01 ± 0.23 to 2.12 ± 0.09; 9.88 ± 0.21 to 2.02 ± 0.17 (p = 0.001). The inflammatory marker tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were also reduced from 26.43 ± 0.87 to 12.20 ± 0.32; 27.38 ± 0.53 to 9.60 ± 0.53; 27.55 ± 0.68 to 8.83 ± 0.21 with p = 0.001. The 100 mg/200 g BW/d FFCL decreased UA levels, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers more extensively compared to 50 mg/200 g BW/d FFCL.

Research limitations/implications
This study includes some limitations that may affect the generalizability of its findings. First, the flavonoid levels of FFCL were not measured. Second, other oxidative stress biomarkers (e.g. superoxide dismutase) and inflammatory biomarkers (e.g. IL-6) were not investigated. Finally, the experiments were conducted on the model animals over a relatively short period of time. Further research is needed to evaluate the effect in humans at chronic use.

Practical implications
Chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw) leaves are rich in flavonoids, especially apigenin and luteolin, which can improve oxidative stress and inflammation conditions caused by hyperuricemia.

Social implications
Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases, mostly caused by oxidative stress and inflammation in the body due to high levels of UA, one of the treatment strategies is through diet modification.

Originality/value
The results of this investigation imply that the administration of the flavonoid fraction of chayote leaves has significant effects on UA and oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Further research is necessary to confirm the results.