bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal Effects of Positive Affect, Life Satisfaction, Depressive Symptoms, and Neuroticism on Kidney Function: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Park Sehoon , Lee Soojin , Kim Yaerim , Lee Yeonhee , Kang Min Woo , Kim Kwangsoo , Kim Yong Chul , Han Seung Seok , Lee Hajeong , Lee Jung Pyo , Joo Kwon Wook , Lim Chun Soo , Kim Yon Su , Kim Dong Ki 
Published: March 2021

Significance Statement
Poor psychologic wellbeing is prevalent in people with kidney function impairment. A Mendelian randomization investigation identified “causal” effects from psychologic wellbeing on kidney function. The analysis demonstrated that genetic predisposition for certain positive wellbeing senses causally decreases the risk of kidney function impairment. In contrast, genetically predicted negative wellbeing senses were causally linked to a higher risk of CKD, or a lower eGFR. Therefore, this study suggests health care providers in the nephrology field should be aware of the causal linkage between psychologic wellbeing and kidney function.

Background
Further investigation of the causal effects of psychologic wellbeing on kidney function is warranted.

Methods
In this Mendelian randomization (MR) study, genetic instruments for positive affect, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism were introduced from a previous genome-wide association study meta-analysis of European individuals. Summary-level MR was performed using the CKDGen data of European ancestry (n=567,460), and additional allele score–based MR was performed in the individual-level data of White British UK Biobank participants (n=321,024).

Results
In summary-level MR with the CKDGen data, depressive symptoms were a significant causative factor for kidney function impairment (CKD OR, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 1.96; eGFR change [%] beta −2.18; 95% confidence interval, −3.61 to −0.72) and pleiotropy-robust sensitivity analysis results supported the causal estimates. A genetic predisposition for positive affect was significantly associated with better kidney function (CKD OR, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.52 to 0.91), eGFR change [%] beta 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.09 to 2.93) and sensitivity MR analysis results supported the finding for CKD outcome, but was nonsignificant for eGFR. Life satisfaction and neuroticism exposures showed nonsignificant causal estimates. In the UK Biobank with covariate-adjusted allele score MR analysis, allele scores for positive affect and life satisfaction were causally associated with reduced risk of CKD and higher eGFR. In contrast, neuroticism allele score was associated with increased risk of CKD and lower eGFR, and depressive symptoms allele score was associated with lower eGFR, but showed nonsignificant association with CKD.

Conclusions
Health care providers in the nephrology field should be aware of the causal linkage between psychologic wellbeing and kidney function.
ADAM10-Mediated Ectodomain Shedding Is an Essential Driver of Podocyte Damage
Authors: Sachs Marlies , Wetzel Sebastian , Reichelt Julia , Sachs Wiebke , Schebsdat Lisa , Zielinski Stephanie , Seipold Lisa , Heintz Lukas , Müller Stephan A. , Kretz Oliver , Lindenmeyer Maja , Wiech Thorsten , Huber Tobias B. , Lüllmann-Rauch Renate , Lichtenthaler Stefan F. , Saftig Paul , Meyer-Schwesinger Catherine 
Published: March 2021

Significance Statement
Podocytes interdigitate, forming the renal blood filter through a modified adherens junction, the slit diaphragm. Loss of podocytes due to injury could be mediated by the cleavage of podocyte cell-adhesion molecules through the action of the ectodomain sheddase A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10). ADAM10 is highly abundant at the site of blood filtration, the podocyte foot processes. Podocyte-expressed ADAM10 is not required for the development of the renal filter, but plays a major role in podocyte injury. After antibody-mediated injury, ADAM10 is upregulated in humans and mice. The protein cleaves cell-adhesion molecules at the slit diaphragm, leading to Wnt/β-catenin signaling and podocyte loss. Therefore, ADAM10-mediated ectodomain shedding of injury-related cadherins drives podocyte injury.

Background
Podocytes embrace the glomerular capillaries with foot processes, which are interconnected by a specialized adherens junction to ultimately form the filtration barrier. Altered adhesion and loss are common features of podocyte injury, which could be mediated by shedding of cell-adhesion molecules through the regulated activity of cell surface–expressed proteases. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) is such a protease known to mediate ectodomain shedding of adhesion molecules, among others. Here we evaluate the involvement of ADAM10 in the process of antibody-induced podocyte injury.

Methods
Membrane proteomics, immunoblotting, high-resolution microscopy, and immunogold electron microscopy were used to analyze human and murine podocyte ADAM10 expression in health and kidney injury. The functionality of ADAM10 ectodomain shedding for podocyte development and injury was analyzed, in vitro and in vivo, in the anti-podocyte nephritis (APN) model in podocyte-specific, ADAM10-deficient mice.

Results
ADAM10 is selectively localized at foot processes of murine podocytes and its expression is dispensable for podocyte development. Podocyte ADAM10 expression is induced in the setting of antibody-mediated injury in humans and mice. Podocyte ADAM10 deficiency attenuates the clinical course of APN and preserves the morphologic integrity of podocytes, despite subepithelial immune-deposit formation. Functionally, ADAM10-related ectodomain shedding results in cleavage of the cell-adhesion proteins N- and P-cadherin, thus decreasing their injury-related surface levels. This favors podocyte loss and the activation of downstream signaling events through the Wnt signaling pathway in an ADAM10-dependent manner.

Conclusions
ADAM10-mediated ectodomain shedding of injury-related cadherins drives podocyte injury.
Lip height estimation in a southern African sample
Authors: Houlton Tobias MR , Jooste Nicolene , Uys André , Steyn Maryna 
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION: The South African Police Service frequently relies on craniofacial approximation and superimposition to assist in identifying unknown deceased individuals. Standards to estimate lip height are however limited. Findings from this study share medical applications. Aims and objectives: Establish reliable standards for estimating lip height using dentoskeletal measurements. METHODS: Cone-beam CTs comprising 124 black and 39 white southern African adults were assessed. A series of dimensions were recorded using a DICOM viewer with an inbuilt measuring tool. Relationships between hard tissue structures (maxillary, mandibular and total central incisor heights, their corresponding root lengths, face height (N-Gn), and nose height (N-Sn)) and respective overlaying soft tissues (upper, lower and total lip heights) were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Statistically significant differences were observed between population, sex and age groups. A selection of regression equations to estimate lip height was calculated that included population, sex and approximate age (20-39 and 40+ years) for improved goodness-of-fit (r2-value). Regression models using face height produced the strongest multiple correlation (r-value) and goodness-of-fit (r2-value). Validation testing indicated that regression models often improved upon mean measurements, while offering a degree of individuality that mean values do not.
Development of a radiographic dental implant guide for identification of dental implant types
Authors: Vermeulen Lisa , Speelman Aladdin , Daries Valdiela , Philips Vincent 
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION: Identification of dental implant types can be a complex process for inexperienced health care professionals. Dental implants can have subtle differences in their morphology, which make it difficult to distinguish them from one another The unique appearance of dental anatomy and the placement of custom restorations ensure accurate identification of bodies or human remains when radiographic techniques are correctly applied. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To develop a radiographic dental implant guide for ten common dental implant types currently used in the Western Cape, South Africa; using their morphological characteristics observed on pantomographs. DESIGN: The methodology considered for this research study was a positivist approach through a quantitative, exploratory, non-experimental research design. METHODS: Ten commonly used dental implants were radiographed at straight tube (ST), off-centre (OC) and severe off-centre (SOC) angles to create a reference instrument Two reviewers used the morphologies of the different dental implant types, namely the apex, thread and neck, observed on ante-mortem pantomographs, and compared it to the appearance of the dental implants in the reference instrument to make a positive identification match. The straight tube image of all ten dental implant types in the reference instrument was used as the initial point of reference to positively identify the morphological characteristics of each dental implant type on the pantomographs. RESULTS: A total of 380 dental implants could be identified on 105 pantomographs reviewed. Of the 380 dental implants, 350 dental implants (91%) were identified as dental implant types listed in the reference instrument while 30 dental implants were identified as another type of dental implant type not listed in the reference instrument A total of 208 dental implants (54.2%) could be positively identified on the ante-mortem pantomographs using the straight tube images in the reference instrument. The morphological characteristics of the dental implant types were described using x-ray imaging of dental implants. The ten commonly used dental implants types could be positively identified by two independent reviewers and based on this a radiographic dental implant guide was developed. CONCLUSION: Each dental implant type had unique morphological characteristics as well as similarities which enabled distinction between the different dental implant types. The dental implant guide developed could be used by dentistry and radiography students. The dental implant guide may be useful in the field of forensic dentistry and forensic radiology.
Autonomia adolescente e atitudes dos pais
Authors: Fleming Manuela 
Published: March 2021

O trabalho insere-se no contexto da investigação sobre o desenvolvimento psicológico do adolescente e o seu objectivo foi estudar a relação que se previu existir entre a autonomia comportamental do adolescente e a percepção que ele tem da relação com os seus pais nas seguintes dimensões: autonomia, controlo, amor e hostilidade. O estudo visa ainda avaliar o efeito diferencial da idade e do sexo e avaliar a contribuição relativa de cada uma das variáveis para a variabilidade da capacidade de autonomia comportamental. Seguiu-se a estratégia transversal, o método de recolha foi o do Questionário anónimo e os instrumentos de medida utilizados foram o Questionário de Autonomia Comportamental, construído e validado pela autora e o Youth Perception Inventory de Streit. Das conclusões, extrai-se a seguinte: a capacidade de o adolescente se autonomizar está na dependência não só da sua percepção de ter pais que encorajam a sua autonomia mas também da qualidade emocional do vínculo que os liga: se a emoção básica for o Amor, o adolescente progride na sua capacidade de se autonomizar, se a emoção básica for a Hostilidade o adolescente não encontra a base segura, no sentido de Bowlby , a partir da qual levar a cabo o processo de separação e pode fracassar na tarefa desenvolvimental da autonomia. Globalmente, as conclusões trazem grande suporte empírico às teorias psicanalíticas sobre a adolescência e mais especificamente as teorias da vinculação de Bowlby.
Effect of Lipids and Lipoproteins on Hematopoietic Cell Metabolism and Commitment in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Baragetti Andrea , Bonacina Fabrizia , Catapano Alberico Luigi , Norata Giuseppe Danilo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Hematopoiesis is the process that leads to multiple leukocyte lineage generation within the bone marrow. This process is maintained through-out life thanks to a nonstochastic division of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), where during each division, one daughter cell retains pluripotency while the other differentiates into a restricted multipotent progenitor (MPP) that converts into mature, committed circulating cell. This process is tightly regulated at the level of cellular metabolism and the shift from anaerobic glycolysis, typical of quiescent HSC, to oxidative metabolism fosters HSCs proliferation and commitment. Systemic and local factors influencing metabolism alter HSCs balance under pathological conditions, with chronic metabolic and inflammatory diseases driving HSCs commitment toward activated blood immune cell subsets. This is the case of atherosclerosis, where impaired systemic lipid metabolism affects HSCs epigenetics that reflects into increased differentiation toward activated circulating subsets.
Aim of this review is to discuss the impact of lipids and lipoproteins on HSCs pathophysiology, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms influencing cellular metabolism. A better understanding of these aspects will shed light on innovative strategies to target atherosclerosis-associated inflammation.
Penerapan Metode Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) dalam Memilih Apartemen Berdasarkan Preferensi Masyarakat di Kota Surakarta
Authors: Anggita Atanasia Gretta Rida Kusuma , Setiono Setiono , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto 
Published: March 2021

<p>Kota Surakarta merupakan salah satu kota di Jawa Tengah yang perkembangannya paling pesat. Dengan perkembangan yang demikian pesat, maka Kota Surakarta merupakan salah satu kota dengan pusat kegiatan perekonomian, perdagangan, pendidikan, kebudayaan, dan sektor informal lainnya. Keadaan ini di satu sisi menimbulkan masalah tempat tinggal bagi masyarakat tetapi di sisi lain merupakan peluang bagi kalangan <em>developer</em> atau pengembang untuk menyediakan sarana hunian dengan membangun apartemen yang dibutuhkan. Di sisi lain, karena perkembangan di berbagai sektor tersebut termasuk sektor investasi, banyak masyarakat yang memilih untuk berinvestasi dibidang properti di Surakarta yaitu dengan membeli apartemen lalu disewakan atau mengharapkan kenaikan harga yang signifikan saat mereka nanti menjualnya. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui preferensi masyarakat dalam memilih apartemen dan mengetahui faktor yang paling mempengaruhi preferensi masyarakat dalam memilih apartemen di Kota Surakarta. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian terkait preferensi masyarakat dalam memilih apartemen. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode <em>Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process</em> (F-AHP) dengan bantuan <em>software</em> Microsoft Excel 2013. Data didapatkan dengan cara menyebar kuisioner kepada pemilik maupun penyewa dari 3 apartemen tinjauan yang telah ditentukan. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa faktor yang paling mempengaruhi masyarakat dalam memilih apartemen yaitu faktor legalitas.</p><p> </p><div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Kata Kunci :</strong> <em>Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process</em> (F-AHP), Pemilihan Apartemen, Preferensi Masyarakat</p></div>
KARAKTERISTIK MINERALOGI TANAH ENDAPAN PYROCLASTICS SURGE DI LERENG GUNUNGAPI LAMONGAN, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Prakosa Brilian Budi 
Published: March 2021

<p align="justify">Endapan seruakan piroklastik (<em>pyroclastics surge</em><em>)</em> seringkali berasosiasi dengan erupsi preatomagmatik dan preatik yang banyak melibatkan adanya air permukaan dan bawah permukaan. Di Indonesia, endapan pyroclastics surge yang sudah teridentifikasi salah satunya berada di lereng Gunungapi Lamongan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik mineralogi dari tanah endapan jenis tersebut, selain itu juga bisa untuk mengetahui proses mekanisme pengendapan yang terjadi pada saat pembentukan material ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemetaan geologi daerah penelitian,pengamatan fisik makroskopik, kemudian dilakukan analisis petrografi dan SEM EDX untuk mengetahui komposisi mineraloginya sekaligus untuk mengetahui tipe erupsi maupun mekanisme pengendapannya.</p><p align="justify">Kondisi geologi di daerah penelitian mempunyai morfologi pegunungan dan perbukitan vulkanik berlereng terjal, litologinya dominan tersusun oleh endapan vulkanik hasil erupsi Gunungapi Lamongan dengan jenis batuan andesit, basalt, serta endapan hasil letusan maar. Komposisi mineralogi batuan penyusunnya berdasarkan analisis petrografis dan SEM-EDX didominasi oleh plagioklas tipe andesin, ortopiroksen hipersten, dan klinopiroksen augit sebagai fenokris, serta untuk massa dasarnya tersusun oleh mikrolit plagioklas, mineral opak (magnetit), dan gelas vulkanik.</p><p align="justify">Tipe erupsi pembentuk maar atau ranu di sekitar Gunungapi Lamongan adalah jenis freatomagmatik, dibuktikan dari kenampakan fisik dan struktur batuannya yang mengindikasikan adanya pengaruh air yang signifikan dan aliran berdensitas rendah.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci :</strong> seruakan piroklastik, mineralogi, gunungapi</p>
Velocity and Volume Fraction Measurements of Granular Flows in a Steep Flume
Authors: Sarno Luca , Papa Maria Nicolina , Carleo Luigi , Villani Paolo 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTLaboratory experiments on granular flows remain essential tools for gaining insight into several aspects of granular dynamics that are inaccessible from field-scale investigations. Here, we report an experimental campaign on steady dry granular flows in a flume with inclination of 35°. Different flow rates are investigated by adjusting an inflow gate, while various kinematic boundary conditions are observed by varying the basal roughness. The flume is instrumented with high-speed cameras and a no-flicker LED lamp to get reliable particle image velocimetry measurements in terms of both time averages and second-order statistics (i.e., granular temperature). The same measuring instruments are also used to obtain concurrent estimations of the solid volume fraction at the sidewall by employing the stochastic-optical method (SOM). This innovative approach uses a measurable quantity, called two-dimensional volume fraction, which is correlated with the near-wall volume fraction and is obtainable from digital images under controlled illumination conditions. The knowledge of this quantity allows the indirect measurement of the near-wall volume fraction thanks to a stochastic transfer function previously obtained from numerical simulations of distributions of randomly dispersed spheres. The combined measurements of velocity and volume fraction allow a better understanding of the flow dynamics and reveal the superposition of different flow regimes along the flow depth, where frictional and collisional mechanisms exhibit varying relative magnitudes.
Debris-Flow Hazard Assessments: A Practitioner's View
Authors: Jakob Matthias 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTSubstantial advances have been achieved in various aspects of debris-flow hazard assessments over the past decade. These advances include sophisticated ways to date previous events, two- and three-dimensional runout models including multi-phase flows and debris entrainment options, and applications of extreme value statistics to assemble frequency–magnitude analyses. Pertinent questions have remained the same: How often, how big, how fast, how deep, how intense, and how far? Similarly, although major life loss attributable to debris flows can often, but not always, be avoided in developed nations, debris flows remain one of the principal geophysical killers in mountainous terrains. Substantial differences in debris-flow hazard persist between nations. Some rely on a design magnitude associated with a specific return period; others use relationships between intensity and frequency; and some allow for, but do not mandate, in-depth quantitative risk assessments. Differences exist in the management of debris-flow risks, from highly sophisticated and nation-wide applied protocols to retroaction in which catastrophic debris flows occur before they are considered for mitigation. Two factors conspire to challenge future generations of debris-flow researchers, practitioners, and decision makers: Population growth and climate change, which are increasingly manifested by augmenting hydroclimatic extremes. While researchers will undoubtedly finesse future remote sensing, dating, and runout techniques and models, practitioners will need to focus on translating those advances into practical cost-efficient tools and integrating those tools into long-term debris-flow risk management.
What Facets of Picky Eating Relate to Eating Concerns in Undergraduate Students?: The Moderating Effects of Negative Psychological Correlates
Authors: Barnhart Wesley R. , Dial Lauren A. , Jordan Amy K. , Studer-Perez Emma I. , Kalantzis Maria A. , Musher-Eizenman Dara R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Picky eating (PE) can occur in adulthood and is associated with mental health concerns. PE is often conceptualized as distinct from disordered eating (DE), but recent research maps positive relationships between these maladaptive eating phenotypes. Precisely what PE facets relate to DE remain unknown, as do factors such as negative psychological correlates that might explain relationships between PE facets and DE.Methods: A large, undergraduate sample (N=509) completed an online survey assessing PE facets (Adult Picky Eating Questionnaire; meal presentation, food variety, meal disengagement, and taste aversion), disordered eating (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire), specifically eating concerns, and negative psychological correlates such as mental health concerns (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items) and inflexible eating (Inflexible Eating Questionnaire).Results: Positive relationships emerged between PE facets, eating concerns, and negative psychological correlates. Negative psychological correlates moderated relationships between PE facets and eating concerns. Meal presentation, meal disengagement, and taste aversion were more strongly associated with eating concerns when mental health concerns and inflexible eating were higher. Food variety did not significantly explain variance in eating concerns.Conclusions: Considering PE multidimensionally may yield important insights beyond the broader construct. Mental health concerns and inflexible eating may be treatment and research targets in addressing the overlap between PE facets such as meal presentation, meal disengagement, and taste aversion and eating concerns. Level of Evidence: Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
Potential relationships between exposure to arsenic (As) in the environment and endemic disease in southwestern China
Authors: Li Donglin , Zhang Hucai , Chang Fengqin , Duan Lizeng , Zhang Yang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
There have been many reported cases of a strange disease exhibiting clinical features of limb gangrene, blisters, ulceration and exfoliation in Daping village, Yunnan Province in southwestern China. The prevalence rate of the disease is very high compared to other places in Yunnan Province and greater China. The pathogenesis is unknown and has bewildered doctors for many years. In this study, the content of As in soil (n=31) , water (n=55) , and plants (n=7) were systematically measured. The results show a high As concentration in plants and soil samples from the area, and the source of As linked to the weathering of black shale strata. We assessed the risks of human exposure to As through six possible exposure pathways. Ingestion of soil and plants are found to be the two main ways that children and adults are exposed to As, and children have a higher health risk than adults. Our study sheds new light on the environmental geochemistry and health links of this disease.