bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The crystal structure of 3-bromopicolinic acid, C6H4BrNO2
Authors: Huang Guang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
C6H4BrNO2, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 14.3975(12) Å, b = 7.5773(7) Å, c = 12.2500(10) Å, β = 90°, V = 1336.4(2) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0281, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0536, T = 150(2) K.
Tiberius aequatus Augusto
Authors: Pieper Christoph 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper comments on the tension between constantimitatioand refusedaemulatio gloriaein Tiberius’ attitude towards Augustus in Velleius Paterculus’History. I argue that Tiberius is equalling and eventually even surpassing Augustusprecisely becausehe refuses to compete with him, let alone surpass him. In order to do so, I focus on two hitherto neglected Augustan intertexts, which are referenced at very distinct moments of Velleius’ portrayal of Tiberius. The first is the moment when Tiberius appears on the political stage at the age of 19 (2.94.1); the second is the last mentioned event of his life before he succeeds Augustus, namely his third triumph inad12 (2.122.1).
Die Geburt der Religion?
Authors: Kollodzeiski Ulrike 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Artikel geht es darum, die Genealogie im Anschluss an Michel Foucault für die Religionswissenschaft fruchtbar zu machen und ihr Programm zu schärfen. Dazu hebe ich zuerst einige wesentliche Aspekte hervor, welche die Genealogie ausmachen. Im Folgenden untersuche ich den Artikel „Umkämpfte Historisierung“ von Michael Bergunder als ein aktuelles Beispiel für die Anwendung der Genealogie in der Religionswissenschaft. Diesem stelle ich im letzten Teil des Artikels meine eigene Genealogie von Religion gegenüber. Ich zeige, wie sich die Konstitution eines spezifisch religiösen Bereichs und die nominalistische Auffassung seiner Zeichen innerhalb des Ritenstreits im Kontext von Mission in Asien seit dem 16. Jh. vollzogen hat. Wie Religion verstanden wurde, hing dabei unmittelbar davon ab, welche kolonialen Interessen durchgesetzt werden sollten. Die Verstrickung von Religion in den Zusammenhang von Macht-Subjekt-Wissen muss deshalb zukünftig konsequenter auch durch die Religionswissenschaft untersucht werden. Religion ist keine unschuldige Kategorie der Beobachtung, sondern über sie wurden und werden Kämpfe um Macht und gesellschaftlichen Einfluss ausgetragen.
Handelsbräuche bei Wagniskapitalfinanzierungen
Authors: Denga Michael 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung

Wagniskapitalinvestitionen führen zu einer Funktionsänderung von Geschäftsanteilen. Bei den international verbreiteten Vesting-Regimen werden Geschäftsanteile insbesondere auch zu Finanzierungs- und Vergütungsinstrumenten. Die Verbreitung und Akzeptanz von diesbezüglichen Musterklauseln im Markt lässt auf Handelsbräuche schließen, die auch für die rechtliche Beurteilung der Beteiligungsregime maßgeblich sein müssen. Die für herkömmliche Ausschlussklausen entwickelte Hinauskündigungsrechtsprechung kann um ein wirtschaftssoziologisches Moment modifiziert werden, um die Interessen der Beteiligten besser abzubilden. Es sollte eine Wirksamkeitsvermutung bei marktüblichen Beteiligungsklauseln gelten und nicht mehr im Einzelfall nach einem sachlichen Grund für den Gesellschafterausschluss gesucht werden. Dieser wirtschaftsnahe Ansatz kann Rechtssicherheit steigern und das deutsche Gesellschaftsrecht im internationalen Wettbewerb stärken.
Preparation of Polyelectrolyte Complex Films of Chitosan-Alginate Incorporated by Eugenol and its Potency as an Antioxidant Packaging
Authors: Riyandari Baiq Amelia 
Published: October 2021

Preparation of PEC chitosan-alginate films incorporated by eugenol has been investigated. Incorporation of eugenol in chitosan-alginate films was conducted by using the different concentration of eugenol including 0.25% 0.5%, and 1% (% w/v). The effect of eugenol incorporation in chitosan-alginate films was investigated through some properties of the films such as tensile strength, elongation at break, transparency value, and water vapor permeability. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of eugenol incorporation as an active compound of the films was investigated from antioxidant activity of chitosan-alginate films incorporated eugenol. Polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) films of chitosan-alginate was occurred through molecular interaction between polycationic groups of chitosan and polyanionic groups of alginate. The formation of chitosan-alginate PEC films was synthesized at pH Â± 4.0. Based on FTIR analysis, the ionic interaction between amine groups (â€“NH3+) and carboxylate groups (â€“COOÂ¬) formed strongly. Characterization of films also indicated that PEC films of chitosan-alginate incorporated of eugenol was formed. Study showed that PEC chitosan-alginate films had good mechanical properties. Antioxidant activity assay throughÂ fixed reaction time methodÂ using DPPH radical (Î±,Î±-difenil-Î²- pikrilhidrazil) resulted in good percentage of radical scavenging activity (%RSA) from the films. The E3 films which contain 1% eugenol has 55.99% ofÂ RSA value in 96 hours.
Lirio acuático (Eichhornia crassipes): una revisión
Authors: Rodríguez-Lara Jessica Wendolin , Cervantes-Ortiz Francisco , Arambula-Villa Gerónimo , Mariscal-Amaro Luis Antonio , Aguirre-Mancilla Cesar Leobardo , Andrio-Enríquez Enrique 
Published: October 2021

Introducción. El lirio acuático (Eichhornia crassipes) es una planta hidrófita libre flotante de la familia Pontederiaceae. Es una de las plantas acuáticas con mejor reproducción y tasa de crecimiento, por lo cual se extiende y forma tapetes o esteras que constriñen a las plantas nativas sumergidas y flotantes, disminuye la entrada de luz en los cuerpos de agua y disminuye el oxígeno disuelto en el agua. Objetivo. Realizar una revisión bibliográfica del lirio acuático que permita a la comunidad científica una mejor comprensión de una especie invasora, así como los efectos que provoca en el ecosistema. Desarrollo. La capacidad invasiva de esta planta pone en peligro diversos ecosistemas, ya que aprovecha las aguas ricas en nutrientes. Además, las densas colonias flotadoras causan que el contenido de oxígeno descienda hasta cero debajo de su manto, lo que provoca daños a los ecosistemas. Conclusiones. El lirio acuático es una de las plantas acuáticas más invasoras del mundo, ya que causa efectos ecológicos y socioeconómicos. Esta planta se ha usado como fitorremediadora, en la remoción de organofosforados, lo que indica que se puede usar para limpiar aguas residuales. Además, puede usarse en la producción de etanol, papel, composta, biogás, alimento humano, forraje animal, fibra y en la extracción de ácidos grasos volátiles.
A survey on recent advances in transmission congestion management
Authors: Gajjala Madhu Mohan , Ahmad Aijaz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFor the last few decades, the power sector has been restructuring throughout the world, and because of this, congestion is bound to take place in the network. Congestion can lead to market failure, violate transmission capability limits and high electricity prices, and end up threatening the power systems’ reliability and security. Increased congestion may also lead to unexpected price differences in power markets leading to market power. In a deregulated power market (DPM), the independent system operator (ISO)’s fundamental challenge is to preserve the power market’s reliability and safety by improving market efficiency when the network is congested. Therefore, congestion management (CM) is essential in DPM and is the key to the power system. This paper carries out a congestion management methods survey to bring together all recent publications in the DPM. It aims to help readers summarize progressive CM methods, along with traditional CM methods that have been discussed so far. In this paper, we have carried out a comparative survey of the various well-known CM methods.
Un recorrido por las fuentes de la lex informatica
Authors: Namen- Baquero David 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: los escasos desarrollos normativos a nivel internacional y las iniciativas relativas a la armonización del derecho en el ámbito electrónico hacen necesaria su disciplina jurídica singular. El objetivo de este escrito busca identificar las fuentes de la denominada lex informatica.
Metodología: el estudio parte de la definición de lex informática, luego se centra en las formas de regulación alternativa aplicadas al derecho informático y finaliza con la sistematización de las categorías sobre las cuales se podría edificar esta nueva disciplina.
Conclusión: la investigación permite concluir que ante la necesidad de una reglamentación apropiada se explore la posibilidad de que sean las entidades públicas y privadas las que interactúen a través del esquema de la corregulación en la consolidación de ese cuerpo normativo y que mientras eso ocurra, se continúe acudiendo a la costumbre y los principios generales del derecho para su desarrollo.
Assessing the quality of higher education:
Authors: Bululukov Oleg , Dmitrievich Marushev Anatolii , Vladimirovich Kubariev Ivan , Anatoliivna Shumilo Inesa 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: For the educational world to achieve its existence and taste of creation and existence, there is always that need to promote and expect quality education, and this can only be realized through the analysis of its basic concept and formalities put in place. It is in this lane that an article and research is considered necessary.
Purpose: To recognize the undeniable importance of creating a reliable and transparent system of accreditation of educational institutions, the introduction of an independent system of education quality assessment, by the way of scientific analysis and comparison. The subject matter of the article consists in the concepts and forms of the quality of higher education.
Methodology: Based on the analysis of scientific points of view, the authors have suggested their own definition of the concepts of “quality of higher education” and “form of assessing the quality”. The classification of forms of assessing the quality of education has been provided and its procedural forms have been defined.
Conclusions: The authors have formulated propositions for improving the accreditation process in Ukraine. It has been noted that the issues related to the process of providing education in Ukraine are currently under close attention of both state authorities and international experts and public organizations.
Post COVID-19 changes in the perception of the parents towards dentistry for their child
Authors: Iftikhar Nahid , Dixit Shalini , Yadav Aditi 
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study is to evaluate the post COVID changes in the perception of the parents towards dentistry for their child/children.A cross-sectional questionnaire based survey was conducted among the parents of children &#60;18 years of age to assess the behavioral changes in the parents after the COVID-19 outbreak towards pediatric dentistry. The survey was carried out with a sample of 5110 respondents.Majority of the parents had correct knowledge regarding the COVID-19 with increase in their anxiety level post COVID-19 outbreak. Almost all the parents were taking the measures regarding the hygiene of their children. Nearly half of the parents were not willing to take their children to the dentist even in the emergency dental condition due to the risk of encountering corona virus at the dental clinic.The majority of respondents lacked confidence towards dentistry, their treatment environments, and the infection control measures taken, and were worried about contracting COVID-19 infection from the dental setting. Parents, however, demanded better infection control measures during the SARS outbreak. From the results of our survey, it is imperative that dentists and dental specialist like pediatric dentists should offer more confidence building measures towards the patients & their parents, involving them in the dental treatment planning as well as decision making and providing them timely appraisal regarding the same.
Survey of Knowledge and Attitude of Pharmacists about Direct Oral Anticoagulants: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Vakili Zahra , Heydarpour Fatemeh , Shahbazi Foroud 
Published: October 2021

Background: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly used due to fewer side effects, predictable pharmacokinetics, lower potential for drug interactions. Different levels of awareness among health care professionals have been reported.
Methods: The main objectives of this study were to investigate the knowledge and attitude of pharmacists about direct oral anticoagulants. The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed in Kermanshah province, Iran. The validated researcher-made questionnaire included questions about demographic characteristics and specialized questions that assessed the knowledge and attitude of pharmacists towards new oral anticoagulants.
Results: Out of 126 pharmacists participating in this study, 67 (53.2%) were male. The mean scores of knowledges and attitude in pharmacists were 64.94±5.84 and 28.62±3.98, respectively. The most common oral anticoagulant with a direct effect dispensed by pharmacists was rivaroxaban (77.4%). There was also a significant relationship between pharmacists' attitudes and their place of activity (P = 0.024).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that pharmacists had an acceptable knowledge and low attitude about DOACs.
An Evaluation Regarding the Duties of Concordat Commissioners in Concordat Process
Authors: TÜM Kayahan , ULUSAN Banu 
Published: October 2021

Concordat, which had rare applicability in practice before amendments brought by Code Nr. 7101, is expected to maintain new maneuverability for debtors in financial difficulties while protecting the rights of creditors and establishing a more advantageous situation for them. In order to achieve these goals, a so to speak “conciliation” is ensured under supervision of court between debtors and creditors and thus both parties receive their rights and financial release at some point. While the process for this is ongoing, debtors are protected from possible legal pursuits and their transactions are supervised to prevent any damage to be done to creditors.
Commissioners have a great responsibility to secure these functions of the concordat. In this study, the concordat process is examined basing on phases of the process, and the duties of concordat commissioners are clarified depending on each phase. In this context, the legal background is explained while accounting information and financial aspects are taken into consideration.
Severity of Inpatient Hospitalizations Among Undocumented Immigrants and Medi-Cal Patients in a Los Angeles, California, Hospital: 2019
Authors: Ro Annie , Yang Helen W. , Du Senxi , Hanlon Courtney L. , Young Andrew Shane 
Published: October 2021

Objectives. To compare the severity of inpatient hospitalizations between undocumented immigrants and Medi-Cal patients in a large safety-net hospital in Los Angeles, California. Methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of all 2019 inpatient stays at a Los Angeles hospital (n = 22 480), including patients of all races/ethnicities. We examined 3 measures by using insurance status to approximate immigration status: illness severity, length of hospital stay, and repeat hospitalizations. We calculated group differences between undocumented and Medi-Cal patients by using inverse probability weighted regression adjustment separately for patients aged 18 to 64 years and those aged 65 years and older. Results. Younger undocumented patients had less severe illness and shorter lengths of stay than their Medi-Cal counterparts. Older undocumented immigrants also had less severe illness, but had similar lengths of stay and were more likely to have repeated hospitalizations. Conclusions. While existing work suggests that undocumented immigrants could have more severe health care needs on account of their poorer access to medical care, we did not see clear health disadvantages among hospitalized undocumented immigrants, especially younger patients. There were fewer differences between undocumented and Medi-Cal patients who were older. (Am J Public Health. 2021;111(11):2019–2026. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306485 )
Electromagnetic Induction Heating for Bitumen Recovery: A Case Study in Athabasca Oil Sands
Authors: Sherwali Ahmed , Noroozi Mehdi , Dunford William G. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper demonstrates how electromagnetic induction heating is used for bitumen recovery from the Athabasca oil sands in Alberta with minimal external water requirements. The paper addresses the setup requirements and the necessary parameters for this method to achieve an economic energy to oil ratio.
An iterative process is followed to couple the heat rate generated by electromagnetic induction heating to the reservoir model over a defined period. The reservoir model represents a 33 meter payzone with properties for the lower McMurray formation in an area north of Fort McMurray within the Athabasca oil sands deposit. Several scenarios are extensively explored to reach the most practical and feasible setup for oil recovery. The process enables operators to monitor and control reservoir pressure and temperature, liquid production, and energy to oil ratio to maximize recovery from oil sands and heavy oil reservoirs.
The results show an expected ultimate oil recovery factor of +70% with an average energy to oil ratio that is lower than the average ratio associated with steam assisted gravity drainage. It is observed that the amount of energy required by the process correlates with water saturation in the near wellbore region, higher water saturation levels are preferred for enhanced oil recovery. It is also noticed that majority of the electromagnetically induced heat rate is generated in the near wellbore region vaporizing any existing water in that region, which eventually slows down the heating process. However, water injection improves the heat convection further into the reservoir, and therefore is essential for establishing a steam chamber using this method. Nevertheless, the volume of injected water required to establish a steam chamber is comparable to the overall volume of water produced from the reservoir, and thus minimal external water is necessary in this process. Moreover, the method is emissions free because heat is generated in the reservoir using an electrically powered downhole inductor (patent pending) that transfers electromagnetic energy to heat. In conclusion, this novel method shows high potential for responsible oil recovery from oil sands and heavy oil reservoirs while meeting economic and environmental expectations. This paper presents the use of a novel clean energy technology to recover bitumen from the Athabasca oil sands in Alberta. Furthermore, the technology is of high value to oil production from heavy oil reservoirs around the world and therefore provides large benefits to the energy industry.
Delineating the Multi-Stacked Domanik Play in the Volga-Urals Basin, Russia
Authors: Shaw Kevin , Randolph Theodore , Anthony William , Harkrider John D. , Gendelman Igor 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper shows the importance of an integrated, multidisciplinary approach to exploiting the unconventional Domanik Play in the Volga-Urals Basin in Russia. A combination of understanding the reservoir and applying different completion techniques is necessary to verify the best way to drill, complete, and produce the basin.
In 2012, DirectNeft drilled the first well specifically targeting the Domanik interval in the Volga Ural Basin. This discovery well tested oil from multiple horizons within the 350+ m (1150’) thick "Domanikoid" section. In the broad Upper Frasnian interval, Well A was the first successful hydraulic fracture treatment in the Domanik. The subsequent Well B, seven miles to the northwest, penetrated a largely identical Domanik section and was also fractured and tested in multiple horizons, including the Upper Frasnian. Well tests, logs and core analysis have identified two primary and two secondary productive intervals within the Domanik.
These two wells provided the first sets of modern logs in the area, which are critical to better understand the reservoirs. In addition, the coring of key intervals and extensive analysis of those cores have proven invaluable in understanding the nature of the reservoirs. Existing well control and seismic data clearly indicate the thick section of Domanik rocks extends throughout the area. The presence and viability of oil saturated Domanik low permeability reservoirs has been confirmed by the two wells. Oil flows have been recovered from perforated intervals of the Tournaisian, Zavolzhian, Famennian and Upper Frasnian.
Based on these exploration findings, subsequent operations expanded the project by drilling four horizontal wells in 2017-2018, three of which have been completed. Objectives are multi-fold and included further delineation of the four productive intervals by refining the understanding of geologic, petrophysical and geomechanical models that influence the completion and stimulation operations, ultimately impacting production. Early results from the completed wells have shown a rapid improvement in production results, showing that the multidisciplinary workflow is successful. Future tests incorporate significant increase of entry points to further prove the success of the play.
This paper describes the methodology and modifications implemented based on improved understanding of the reservoir, including the use of multi-stage completion techniques. Also discussed are operational issues related to implementing state-of-the-art completion techniques including sliding sleeves, coil-tubing operations, jet cutting operations and plug and perf operations.
Technical Analysis of Sand Production for Offshore Natural Gas Hydrate Trials in South China Sea
Authors: An Kun , Lau Lawrence Khin Leong , Li Jian , Liu Jia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Natural gas hydrate emerges as a sustainable and alternative clean energy source. Japan (2013) and China (2017) have performed production trials on marine natural gas hydrate successfully. Sand production with associated risk is one of the main challenges for offshore natural gas hydrate production trials in Japan and China. Technical assessment related to sand production, transport and erosion is a crucial part for overall sand management strategy.
This paper demonstrates the importance of flow assurance for marine natural gas hydrate production through the analysis of sand management in South China Sea ShenHu area. Multiphase modelling tool is used to investigate sand transport phenomenon, with parametric study focuses on the effects of production rates, particle bed height and sand particle size. Detailed analysis of particle flow and related erosion along production flow path is investigated by developing a 3-dimensional Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD) model.
Based on the matrix of sensitivity study, steady state operational map for continuous marine natural gas hydrate production is proposed. Such operational map provides useful risks level ranking based on actual field parameters including gas production rate, sand loading and particle size. The operator can maintain production at a lower risk based on the operational map.
Through detailed technical analysis of sand production and transport, risks associated with sand blockage and erosion can be actively managed. This provides high values in terms of operational safety, asset integrity, and full compliance with related national or international HSSE standards.