bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does a combination treatment of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy improve upper limb muscle paralysis equally in patients with chronic stroke caused by cerebral hemorrhage and infarction?
Authors: Tatsuno Hisashi , Hamaguchi Toyohiro , Sasanuma Jinichi , Kakita Kiyohito , Okamoto Takatsugu , Shimizu Masato , Nakaya Naoki , Abo Masahiro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The clinical presentation of stroke is usually more severe in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) than in those with cerebral infarction (CI); recovery of stroke-related muscle paralysis is influenced and limited by the type of stroke. To date, many patients have been treated by neurorehabilitation; however, the changes in the recovery of motor paralysis depending on the type of stroke, ICH or CI, have not been established. This study aimed to determine this difference in improvement of upper extremity paralysis using 2-week in-hospital NovEl intervention Using Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with Occupational therapy (NEURO).
We scrutinized the medical records of all patients with poststroke (ICH or CI) upper extremity muscle paralysis using Fugl-Meyer assessments (FMAs) who had been admitted to 6 hospitals between March 2010 and December 2018 for rehabilitation treatment. This was a multiinstitutional, open-label, retrospective cohort study without control patients. We evaluated the effects of NEURO on patients with CI and ICH by dividing them into 2 groups according to the type of stroke, after adjustment for age, sex, dominant hand, affected hand side, time since stroke, and prediction of recovery capacity in the upper extremity.
The study included 1716 (CI [n = 876] and ICH [n = 840]) patients who had undergone at least 2 FMAs and had experienced stroke at least 6 months before. The type of stroke had no effect on the outcomes (changes in the FMA-upper extremity score, F
[4,14.0] = 2.05, P = .09, partial η2 = 0.01). Patients from all 5 groups equally benefited from the treatment (improvement in FMA scores) according to the sensitivity analysis-stratified analysis (F = 0.08 to 1.94, P > .16, partial η2 < 0.001).
We conclude that NEURO can be recommended for chronic stroke patients irrespective of the type of stroke.
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of combined rosuvastatin and atorvastatin in treating with coronary heart disease
Authors: Li Ke , Liu Meng-Meng , Yang Xin , Chen Li , Geng Hui , Luo Wei , Ma Jie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Globally, coronary heart disease (CHD) is a primary cause of morbidity leading to disabilities and mortality. Modern clinical practice adopts several pharmacological methods to treat CHD. Angina pectoris refers to sever chest pain due to CHD, it has a profound impact on the wellbeing of patients. Moreover, angina pectoris is a crucial prognosis predictor. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safeness of using combined rosuvastatin and atorvastatin to treat CHD patients.

Methods:
A systematic literature search for articles will be conducted on several electronic databases from their inception to May 2021. The search will include all randomized controlled trials examining the use of rosuvastatin in combination with atorvastatin to treat CHD patients. The databases are as follows: MEDLINE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, WanFang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and EMBASE. A couple of authors will independently assess the eligibility, extract study data, and assess the possibility of bias. Moreover, depending on the type of data and heterogeneity of the included studies, either the Mantel–Haensel fixed-effect model or the DerSimonian-Laird random-effect model will be used to estimate the relative risk, mean differences, or standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. All differences in opinion shall be decided by involving an additional author in the discussion. Lastly, the RevMan software (version: 5.3) will be used to perform sensitivity analysis, data synthesis, and risk of bias assessment.

Results:
The effectiveness and security of using rosuvastatin in combination with atorvastatin to treat CHD patients will be systematically evaluated.

Conclusion:
This study will provide evidence to evaluate the efficacy and security of using a combination of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin to treat CHD patients.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval will not be required since it is based on already published data.

Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VYBDR (https://osf.io/vybdr/).
A new optical coherence tomography method for subfoveal choroidal thickness measurement
Authors: Kang Kyung Tae , Jang Ji Hye , Kim Yu Cheol 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Several macular pathologies are associated with choroidal vascular supply and thus require choroidal thickness evaluation. However, there is no standard subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) measurement method. This study investigated a new method of SFCT measurement, using optical coherence tomography.
This is a single-center observational study. Eighty-two senior medical students participated as observers and independently measured the SFCT on 5 standard optical coherence tomography images of healthy adults in a tertiary care setting. They used 3 different methods: the observer's own method, the conventional method, perpendicular to the retinal pigment epithelium, and the new method, along a virtual line connecting the umbo with the most elevated point of the ellipsoid. Additionally, the SFCT angle—the angle between the measurement line and the vertical line of the image—was measured and compared between methods. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine interpersonal variability.
The intraclass correlation coefficients for SFCT, measured using methods 1, 2, and 3, were 0.853, 0.880, and 0.896, respectively (P < .001 for all). Method 3 was the highest. The intraclass correlation coefficients of the SFCT angles were 0.647, 0.842, and 0.307, respectively (P < .001 for all).
The new method showed the lowest interpersonal variability and could therefore be a reliable standard for SFCT measurement, even in foveae with a steep slope on optical coherence tomography.
Trial registration: Not applicable.
Improving work-life balance among administrative officers in Catholic primary schools
Authors: Iremeka Felicia Ukamaka , Ede Moses Onyemaechi , Amaeze Fidelis Eze , Okeke Chinedu Ifedi , Ilechukwu Leonard Chidi , Ukaigwe Patricia Chinelo , Wagbara Chinyere Dorathy , Ajuzie Henry D. , Isilebo Nwamara Chidiebere , Ede Augustina Obioma , Ekesionye Ngozi E. , Okeke Polycarp , Okoronkwo Okereke Lawrence , Okengwu Mary Chinyere , Chigbu Baptista , Ejionueme Lambert Kenechukwu , Agu Patricia U. , Ezeaku Felicia , Aneke Mary 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Work-life balance (WLB) is an essential precursor of workers’ mental health. The theory of rational emotive behaviour therapy proposes that an imbalance in work and family life may result from people's dysfunctional perceptions of their work and other aspects of their personal life. Also, the constructive philosophies of rational emotive behavior therapy are said to be congruent with most religious belief systems of Christian clients. Therefore, our research examined the efficacy of Christian religious rational emotive behaviour therapy (CRREBT) on WLB among administrative officers in Catholic primary schools.

Methods:
This is a group randomized trial involving 162 administrative officers from Catholic primary schools in Southeast Nigeria. The treatment process involved an 8-session CRREBT programme.

Results:
The scores for WLB of the administrative officers enrolled in the CRREBT programme were significantly improved compared to those in the control group at the end of the study. At the follow-up phase, the CRREBT programme proved to be effective over a 3-month period.

Conclusion:
CRREBT is an effective therapeutic strategy for managing WLB among Catholic school administrative officers.
Efficacy of erythropoietin alone in treatment of neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Yang Guang , Xue Zhimin , Zhao Yuan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of erythropoietin in improving neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). It is undoubtedly urgent to include only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for more standardized systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The purpose of this study is to examine whether erythropoietin reduces the risk of death and improve neurodevelopmental disorders in infants with HIE.

Methods:
The electronic databases of Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched from the inception to June 2021 using the following key terms: “erythropoietin,” “hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,” and “prospective,” for all relevant RCTs. Only English publications were included. The primary outcome was mortality rate. Secondary outcomes included neurodevelopmental disorders, brain injury, and cognitive impairment. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was independently used to evaluate the risk of bias of included RCTs by 2 reviewers.

Results:
We hypothesized that group with erythropoietin would provide better therapeutic benefits compared with control group.

OSF registration number:
10.17605/OSF.IO/FERUS.
Combined exercise and nutrition intervention for spinal sarcopenia
Authors: Lee Sang Yoon , Park Jinhee , Kim Dong Hyun , Lim Jae-Young 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroduction:Spinal sarcopenia is a multifactorial disorder associated with the atrophy of and fatty changes to the paraspinal muscles. We previously developed the concept of spinal sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults and investigated the association between conventional sarcopenic indices and spinal sarcopenia. However, interventional studies of spinal sarcopenia are lacking. This pilot study will aim to evaluate the effectiveness of a combined exercise and nutrition intervention for treating spinal sarcopenia.Methods and analysis:This open-label single-arm prospective study will include 35 community-dwelling older women who were diagnosed with spinal sarcopenia in our previous cohort study. The 12-week combined intervention will consist of back extensor strengthening exercise and nutritional supplementation. The primary outcome of this study will be isometric back extensor strength after the 12-week intervention. All functional and radiographic outcomes will be measured at 0, 12, and 24 weeks post-intervention. The data will be analyzed using the intention-to-treat principle.
Effects of an Avocado-based Mediterranean Diet on Serum Lipids for Secondary Prevention after Ischemic Stroke Trial (ADD-SPISE)
Authors: Olavarría Verónica V. , Campodónico Paola , Vollrath Valeska , von Geldern Paula , Velásquez Carolina , Pavez Patricia , Valente Barbara , Donoso Pamela , Ginesta Alexandra , Cavada Gabriel , Mazzon Enrico , Navia Víctor , Guzmán Matías , Brinck Pablo , Lavados Pablo M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
A poor or unhealthy diet is responsible for an important fraction of ischemic stroke risk. Adherence to dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, rich in monounsaturated fatty acids mainly from olive oil, is associated with a lower stroke risk. Furthermore, lowering low-density cholesterol (LDL-C) levels decreases stroke recurrence. Interestingly, Avocado-substituted diets, which are also rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, significantly decrease LDL cholesterol levels. This study aims to evaluate whether a Mediterranean diet based on Avocados reduces LDL-C compared to a low-fat high-complex carbohydrate diet after 3 months of the intervention in patients who had a recent acute ischemic stroke. The trial will also assess safety and feasibility.

Patients and methods:
Prospective, randomized open-label, blinded outcome assessment clinical trial. Participants are patients within a month of being admitted with an ischemic stroke, who consent and fulfil the eligibility criteria. Patients are randomly assigned to either diet intervention in a 1:1 ratio on top of the usual secondary prevention treatment. The intervention diet is:
The main efficacy outcome is a reduction in plasma LDL-C levels at 3 months of the dietary intervention. Secondary outcomes include changes in the levels of serum lipid profile and serum inflammation markers, safety, and feasibility. A sample size of 200 patients was estimated to provide 80% power and 5% level of significance (10% loss and 5% crossover) to detect a minimum difference of 4.6 mg/dL in LDL-C after 3 months of intervention.

Conclusion:
We hypothesize that an Avocado-based Mediterranean diet will further reduce the levels of LDL-cholesterol at 3 months compared to the control diet, and that the intervention is safe and feasible.

Registration:
The study is registered under ADDSPISE at www.clinicaltrials.gov. Identifier NCT03524742. Protocol ID CAS-605 version 3.0 (May 2nd, 2019).
Reduction of patient waiting time by the preparation and administration of trastuzumab and pertuzumab in a single infusion bag: a 1-year review, retrospective, single institution experience in a French cancer center
Authors: Deppenweiler Marine , Teytaud Manon , Stein Philippe , Donamaria Catherine , Lortal Barbara 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In France, over the past few years, the number of patients treated with chemotherapy (conventional and/or with targeted therapy) has steadily increased with a large proportion of patients treated for breast cancer (around 40%), and a constant paramedical staff in day care unit (DCU). Of the time spent in DCU, the waiting time is estimated at 50 minutes. Reducing waiting times, if not eliminating them, seems necessary since it is this unproductive time that generates the most dissatisfaction. One way to reduce the waiting time is to reduce the infusion time for chemotherapy. A new schedule of preparation and administration of trastuzumab and pertuzumab in the same infusion bag has been used in our health-care establishment for maintenance doses only (from cycle 2) that represents approximately 800 preparations per year. The administration time of the bag combining trastuzumab and pertuzumab is 30 minutes instead of 60 minutes when the products are administered separately. The time required to complete each step has been estimated from the computerized pharmaceutical validation process in the Centralized Cytotoxic Reconstitution Unit to the disconnection carried out by the nurse in DCU. Co-administration of these products reduces the average total wait time of patients at DCU by 40 minutes. This timesaving is significant and essential for the satisfaction of patients treated in DCU. The financial benefit linked to a saving in consumables is minimal, of the order of € 4.1 per preparation, or a saving of € 3,280 per year.
Brief Report: Subclinical Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis Is Associated With Increased Expression of Peripheral Blood IL-32 Isoforms Among Women Living With HIV
Authors: El-Far Mohamed , Hanna David B. , Durand Madeleine , Larouche-Anctil Etienne , Sylla Mohamed , Chartrand-Lefebvre Carl , Cloutier Guy , Goulet Jean Philippe , Kassaye Seble , Karim Roksana , Kizer Jorge R. , French Audrey L. , Gange Stephen J. , Lazar Jason M. , Hodis Howard N. , Routy Jean-Pierre , Ancuta Petronela , Chomont Nicolas , Landay Alan L. , Kaplan Robert C. , Tremblay Cécile L. 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Persistent inflammation in HIV infection is associated with elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, even with viral suppression. Identification of novel surrogate biomarkers can enhance CVD risk stratification and suggest novel therapies. We investigated the potential of interleukin 32 (IL-32), a proinflammatory multi-isoform cytokine, as a biomarker for subclinical carotid artery atherosclerosis in virologically suppressed women living with HIV (WLWH).

Methods and Results:
Nested within the Women's Interagency HIV Study, we conducted a cross-sectional comparison of IL-32 between 399 WLWH and 100 women without HIV, followed by a case–control study of 72 WLWH (36 carotid artery plaque cases vs. 36 age-matched controls without plaque). Plasma IL-32 protein was measured by ELISA, and mRNA of IL-32 isoforms (IL-32α, β, γ, D, ε, and θ) was quantified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Plasma IL-32 protein levels were higher in WLWH compared with women without HIV (P = 0.02). Among WLWH, although plasma IL-32 levels did not differ significantly between plaque cases and controls, expression of IL-32 isoforms α, β, and ε mRNA was significantly higher in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cases (P = 0.01, P = 0.005, and P = 0.018, respectively). Upregulation of IL-32β and IL-32ε among WLWH with carotid artery plaque persisted after adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, smoking, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and history of hepatitis C virus (P = 0.04 and P = 0.045); the adjusted association for IL-32α was marginally significant (P = 0.07).

Conclusions:
IL-32 isoforms should be studied further as potential CVD biomarkers. This is of particular interest in WLWH by virtue of altered IL-32 levels in this population.
Nationwide utilization of cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiothoracic trauma: A retrospective analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank
Authors: Johnson Benjamin P. , Hojman Horacio M. , Mahoney Eric J. , Detelich Danielle , Karamchandani Manish , Ricard Caroline , Breeze Janis L. , Bugaev Nikolay 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma requires that all level I trauma centers have cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) capabilities immediately available. Despite this mandate, there are limited data on the utilization and clinical outcomes among trauma patients requiring CPB in the management of injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current use of CPB in the care of trauma patients.

METHODS
This is a retrospective analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank from 2010 to 2015. Adult patients sustaining cardiothoracic injuries who underwent surgical repair within the first 24 hours of admission were included. Propensity score matching was used to compare outcomes (in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit LOS, and complications) between patients who underwent CPB within the first 24 hours of admission and those with similar injuries who did not receive CPB.

RESULTS
A total of 28,481 patients who met the inclusion criteria were identified, of whom 319 underwent CPB. Three-hundred three CPB patients were matched to 895 comparison patients who did not undergo CPB. Overall in-hospital mortality was 35%. Patients who were not treated with CPB had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality compared with those treated with CBP (odds ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–2.12; p = 0.003); however, complications were significantly lower in those who did not receive CPB (odds ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.47–0.86; p = 0.003). Hospital LOS (non-CPB: mean, 13.4 ± 16.3 days; CPB: mean, 14.7 ± 15.1 days; p = 0.23) and intensive care unit LOS (non-CPB: mean, 9.9 ± 10.7 days; CPB: mean, 10.1 ± 9.7 days; p = 0.08) did not differ significantly between groups.

CONCLUSION
The use of CPB in the initial management of select cardiothoracic injuries is associated with a survival benefit. Further investigation is required to delineate which specific injuries would benefit the most from the use of CPB.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic, level IV.
Review article: History of venous trauma
Authors: Feliciano David V. , Kochuba Matthew P. , Rozycki Grace F. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
This is a literature review on the history of venous trauma since the 1800s, especially that to the common femoral, femoral and popliteal veins, with focus on the early 1900s, World War I, World War II, Korean War, Vietnam War, and then civilian and military reviews (1960–2020). In the latter two groups, tables were used to summarize the following: incidence of venous repair versus ligation, management of popliteal venous injuries, patency of venous repairs when assessed <30 days from operation, patency of venous repairs when assessed >30 days from operation, clinical assessment (edema or not) after ligation versus repair, incidence of deep venous thrombosis after ligation versus repair, and incidence of pulmonary embolism after ligation versus repair.
There is a lack of the following in the literature on the management of venous injuries over the past 80 years: standard definition of magnitude of venous injury in operative reports, accepted indications for venous repair, standard postoperative management, and timing and mode of early and later postoperative assessment.
Multiple factors have entered into the decision on venous ligation versus repair after trauma for the past 60 years, but a surgeon’s training and local management protocols have the most influence in both civilian and military centers. Ligation of venous injuries, particularly those in the lower extremities, is well tolerated in civilian trauma, although there is the usual lack of short- and long-term follow-up as noted in many of the articles reviewed.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Review article, levels IV and V.
Machine Learning Prediction of Parkinson’s Disease Onset and Subtype Using Germline Variants
Authors: Dennis Saya R , Simuni Tanya , Luo Yuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractParkinson’s Disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the United States, and is characterized by a largely irreversible worsening of motor and non-motor symptoms as the disease progresses. A prominent characteristic of the disease is its high heterogeneity in manifestation as well as the progression rate. For sporadic Parkinson’s Disease, which comprises 90% of all diagnoses, the relationship between the patient genome and disease onset or progression subtype remains largely elusive. Machine learning algorithms are increasingly adopted to study the genomics of diseases due to their ability to capture patterns within the vast feature space of the human genome that might be contributing to the phenotype of interest. In our study, we develop two machine learning models that predict the onset as well as the progression subtype of Parkinson’s Disease based on subjects’ germline mutations. Our best models achieved an ROC of 0.77 and 0.61 for disease onset and subtype prediction, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, our models present state-of-the-art prediction performances of PD onset and subtype solely based on the subjects’ germline variants. The genes with high importance in our best-performing models were enriched for several canonical pathways related to signaling, immune system, and protein modifications, all of which have been previously associated with PD symptoms or pathogenesis. These high-importance gene sets provide us with promising candidate genes for future biomedical and clinical research.