bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
23% power conversion efficiency light-emitting diodes using monolayer quantum dots
Authors: Fan Fengjia , Gao Yan , Liu Xiaonan , Li Bo , Shen Huaibin , Song Yang , Song Jiaojiao , Chong Yihua , Yao Ruyun , Wang Shujie , Li Lin Song , Du Zuliang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ever since the first proposal of using colloidal quantum dots (QDs) as the active emitting layer of light-emitting diode (LED), a monolayer of QD is considered as a better option than the multilayer ones. Owing to the slow charge transport rate among different QD layers, quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) adopting multilayer QDs need to be driven at higher than the bandgap bias voltage to achieve practically useful brightness, resulting in increased power consumptions and heat generations, and reduced device lifetimes. Unfortunately, QLEDs using monolayer QDs always suffer from unwanted recombination in hole transport layers (HTLs) and low external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) as a result of electron overflow from QDs into HTLs. Herein, we tackle this dilemma by packing QDs with large size into monolayers, which enables us to mitigate the unwanted electron overflow and retain high EQE. More importantly, it further allows us to boost the irradiative recombination current at bandgap voltage. By virtue of simultaneously obtained high EQE and irradiative recombination rate, we can achieve brightness of 1,100 cd m-2 and 3,000 cd m-2 at 100% and 105% bandgap voltages with record high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 23% and 22%, respectively. Since heat generation has been depressed and devices can be operated at reduced bias voltage, they show unprecedented T95 operation lifetimes (the time for the luminance to decrease to 95% of the initial value) of more than 4,000 h with an initial brightness of 3,000 cd m-2, and equivalent T95 lifetimes of more than 20,000 h at 1,000 cd m-2.
Metformin Attenuates Silica-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via AMPK Signaling
Authors: Cheng Demin , Xu Qi , Wang Yue , Li Guanru , Sun Wenqing , Ma Dongyu , Zhou Siyun , Liu Yi , Lei Han , Ni Chunhui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Silicosis is one of the most common occupational pulmonary fibrosis caused by respirable silica-based particle exposure, with no ideal drugs at present. Metformin, a commonly used biguanide antidiabetic agent, could activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to exert its pharmacological action. Therefore, we sought to investigate the role of metformin in silica-induced lung fibrosis.Methods: The anti-fibrotic role of metformin was assessed in 50 mg/kg silica-induced lung fibrosis model. SiO2-stimulated lung epithelial cells/macrophages and TGF-β-induced differentiated lung fibroblasts were used for in vitro models.Results: At the concentration of 300 mg/kg in the mouse model, metformin significantly reduced lung inflammation and fibrosis in SiO2-instilled mice at the early and late fibrotic stages. Besides, metformin (range 2mM to 10mM) reversed SiO2-induced cell toxicity, oxidative stress, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process in epithelial cells (A549 and HBE), inhibited inflammation response in macrophages (THP-1), and alleviated TGF-β1-stimulated fibroblast activation in lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) via an AMPK-dependent pathway.Conclusions: In this study, we identified that metformin might be a potential drug for silicosis treatment.
Intrauterine Device utilisation amongst short term contraceptive users in Hossana Town, Southern Ethiopia: a qualitative study
Authors: Woldeyohannes Demelash , Arega Abinet , Mwanri Lillian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIntrauterine devices (IUDs) are one of the long-acting, safe and effective methods of contraception in women across the world. However, this method is underutilised in many countries, including Ethiopia. Several quantitative studies have been used to address this problem and generated a list of factors associated with this problem. However, this list lacks detailed and local contexts that are necessary to inform local solutions. The current study uses a qualitative method to explore determinants of IUDs underutilization among short term modern contraceptive users from the maternal health services in the study setting. The use of a qualitative study design is necessary to obtain and rich contextual details that can inform the development of locally appropriate strategies to increase the IUDs uptake in the study area and improve women’s reproductive health outcomes.MethodA qualitative study was conducted in Hossana town public health facilities, southern Ethiopia from November 1–30, 2019. A total of thirteen in-depth interviews were conducted including with: 11 short term contraceptive users, one health centre head and one health extension worker. The interview guide comprised semi-structured questions. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and collected data analysed thematically.ResultThe main key determinants of IUDs service underutilisation were identified from participants’ narratives, including: (i) poor knowledge about the benefits of IUDs, (ii) insufficient counselling and ineffective delivery of health information to aid women in decision making, (iii) the absence of trained health personals, and shortage of supplies.ConclusionResults indicate that the poor utilisation of IUDs services is determined by both the service provider and the consumer related factors. Poor knowledge of short term users of contraception is a critical factor because without knowledge, clients may not use the available services effectively. The shortage of necessary supplies, poor provider-client relationships, and poor counselling by service providers are also service factors that act as barriers to uptake of IUDs. Efforts should be made to increase IUDs utilization by focusing on educating women about the importance of IUDs, improving counselling of mothers and strengthening the health systems, including allocating more resources to increase access to IUDs among the service users.
Baseline Insulin Levels may Predict Response to Low Glycemic Index Complete Nutrition Formula: A Randomized Cross-Over Control Trial
Authors: Wongniyomkaset Warisara , Rungraung Numphung , Muangpracha Niramol , Winuprasith Thunnalin , Trachootham Dunyaporn 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Personalized intervention is crucial for effective nutritional advice to prevent diabetes. However, specific characters of the responders to low glycemic index (low GI) diet was unclear. This study was aimed to identify glycemic index and factors affecting response to the low glycemic complete nutrition formula.Method: A randomized cross-over controlled trial was conducted in 18 healthy volunteers (fasting plasma glucose < 100 mg/dL). All participants consumed complete nutrition drink with retrograded starch, glucose solution and white bread (35 g carbohydrate each) in a random sequence with 14-day wash-out intervals. The GI value of complete nutrition drink was determined from area under the curve (AUCi) of postprandial glucose, using glucose solution and white bread as references. Baseline characters of responders (with low GI of complete nutrition drink) and non-responders were compared and correlated to identify factors affecting their responses to the low GI complete nutrition drink. Results: The adjusted GIs for complete nutrition drink with retrograded starch were 48.2 ± 10.4 and 46.7 ± 12.7 when using glucose solution and white bread as the reference food, respectively. Baseline insulin level was the only parameter showing difference between responders and non-responders. The response correlated with baseline insulin (r = 0.4997, p = 0.0347), but was independent of fasting plasma glucose (r = 0.0456, p = 0.8574) and others. Conclusions: In healthy volunteers with normal blood glucose levels, adequate baseline insulin level was the only factor correlated with the response to low glycemic complete nutrition drink. Screening for fasting insulin level may be encouraged for personalized nutrition of low GI diet.Trial registration: TCTR, TCTR20210305001. Registered 4 March 2021 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/ TCTR20210305001
Open Innovation in Healthcare Ecosystem – a systematic review
Authors: Torab-Miandoab Amir , Samad-Soltani Taha , Rezaei-hachesu Peyman 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Several countries are facing significant troubles of health services, particularly rising prices. Innovative technologies and services are expected to help boost medical quality and cut costs. In this sense, there is a lack of innovative work in spite of a growing interest in open innovation and approaches that advocate for expanded cooperation among various actors in healthcare. Objective: This paper describes the findings of a study concerning the commitment of the healthcare sector to open innovation. Materials and methods: The search for literature focused on English-language papers to 12 January 2020. Based on the indicated criteria for inclusion, 29 articles were included. Results: Results show that most experiments concentrate on the areas of pharmaceutical research (drug discovery) and health informatics (health information systems and infrastructures) that were brought out as concepts or applied as pilot and prototype. Conclusions: The participation of the healthcare sector limited in open innovation, and more work is required with an emphasis how to get open innovation.
Preclinical Drug Testing of the CDK 4/6 Inhibitor Palbociclib in Combination With a PI3K or MEK Inhibitor in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: LEE CHA LEN , Aslam Razia , Cremona Mattia , Kennedy Sean , Madden Stephen , Carr Aoife , Farrelly Angela , Workman Julie , Toomey Sinead , Hennessy Bryan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Palbociclib (CDK 4/6 inhibitor), Gedatolisib (PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor) and PD0325901 (MEK1/2 inhibitor) in colorectal cancer (CRC), however single agent therapeutics are often limited by resistance. The main purpose of this in vitro study is to comprehensively test two drug combinations [Palbociclib with Gedatolisib (P+G) and Palbociclib with PD0325901 (P+PD)] to determine the most synergistic combination for clinical development. Methods: We compared the anti-proliferative effects of both drug combinations in five CRC cell lines with various mutations (Caco-2, DLD-1, LS1034, SNUC4 and LS411N). Reverse Phase Protein Arrays was used to investigate the effects of P+G on the total and phosphoproteins of the signalling pathways. Results: Our results from toxicology experiments indicated that the P+G is a superior combination. The combination of P+G had synergistic anti-proliferative effects in all cell lines [CI range: 0.11-0.69]. The combination of P+PD is also synergistic in all cell lines [CI range: 0.06-0.44], except LS411N with BRAF V600E mutation [CI=14.7]. The combination of P+G caused significant suppression of S6rp(S240/244) in all cell lines, without AKT reactivation. This indicated efficient blockage of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, even in PIK3CA mutated cell lines. The combination of P+G induced BAX and Bcl-2 levels in PIK3CA mutated cell lines. The combination of P+G caused MAPK/ERK reactivation, as seen in total EGFR increase and this was not mutationally exclusive. Conclusion : This in vitro study demonstrated that the combination of P+G has synergistic anti-proliferative effects in both wild-type and mutated CRC cell lines. This data provides good rationale for further in vivo studies for P+G novel combinative therapy in CRC. Separately, the S6rp(S240/244) may serve a promising biomarker of responsiveness.
Silver and zinc oxide nanoparticle disinfection in water treatment applications: synergy and water quality influences
Authors: Venis Robbie A. , Basu Onita D. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The synergistic potential of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles for water disinfection was investigated herein. By causing cell death through membrane interactions, oxidative killing, and DNA deactivation, metallic nanoparticles may be integrated with point-of-use water treatment systems for applications in rural and remote geographies. Disinfection efficacy was evaluated in batch-phase experiments under both synthetic and real water conditions, where synthetic water was varied by pH and dissolved oxygen levels. Ceramic pot filters with comparative nanoparticle concentrations were also investigated. In all cases, combinations of silver and zinc nanoparticles resulted in improved disinfection in comparison to either metal in isolation. In batch experiments, dissolved oxygen proved to be particularly impactful, with kinetic rates reducing approximately 45% when in low oxygen environment (&lt;3 mg/L) versus high oxygen (&gt;8 mg/L). Log removal values (LRVs) were further, on average, 31% lower in real water than synthetic water after 300 min, though silver–zinc combinations were still superior to either metal alone. In filters, those impregnated with 67% silver and 33% zinc achieved average LRVs of 2.7 and 2.9 after 60 min of filtration and 24 h of storage, respectively, while those with only silver achieved average LRVs of 2.0 and 3.1 at those same times.
Spatio-temporal change in rainfall over five different climatic regions of India
Authors: Ray Litan Kumar , Goel Narendra Kumar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present study deals with the estimation of dependences, spatio-temporal trends, change points, and stationarity in rainfall and rainy day series (1901–2013) for five (out of six) different climatic regions of India. Only one-fourth of the station rainfall and rainy day datasets exhibits long-term dependence on an annual and seasonal basis. The presence of lag-one serial correlation is prominent for almost all the climatic regions of India. The significant decreasing trend is found mainly for the stations of semi-arid and humid sub-tropical regions. The magnitude of rainfall is decreasing for most parts of the study area by 10% for annual and monsoon seasons. The change point is presented in a smaller number of stations. Non-stationary behaviour is observed for the rainy day series of semi-arid and humid sub-tropical regions, which may increase the temporal variability of rainfall over the same regions. The findings of this study could be very useful for the planning and management of water resources of different climatic regions of India.
O IMPACTO DO USO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS PSICOATIVAS E SUAS REPERCUSSÕES NA CAVIDADE BUCAL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Lira Farias Teotônio Maria Helena , Da Silva Lima Vitória , Da Silva Andrade Kauana , Maria de Melo Costa Bianca , Cristina Tavares de Medeiros Honorato Maria 
Published: June 2021

RESUMO
Introdução: O consumo de drogas pode promover consequências para o organismo, sobretudo a cavidade bucal. Objetivo: Verificar quais são as substâncias psicoativas mais utilizadas e suas repercussões na cavidade bucal. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura na base de dados Medical Publications (PubMed) com os descritores “Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias (Substance-Related Disorders)” e “Odontologia (Dentistry)” com o operador booleano “And”. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 5 artigos selecionados, onde a maconha, cocaína e o crack foram as substâncias psicoativas mais utilizadas pelos usuários de drogas, sendo a perda dentária, presença de cárie dentária e doença periodontal as principais repercussões bucais. Conclusões: O consumo de substâncias psicoativas aumenta o limiar de dor, podendo mascarar a sintomatologia dolorosa das manifestações bucais e postergar a busca por tratamento odontológico, agravando, por vezes, a condição bucal do indíviduo. Sendo portanto, de extrema importância o conhecimento e atuação do cirurgião dentista frente ao usuário de drogas, desde a prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento do caso.
Palavras-Chave: Transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias; Odontologia, Manifestações bucais.
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE PARA SENSIBILIZAR ADOLESCENTES ESCOLARES PARA A VACINAÇÃO CONTRA O PAPILOMA VÍRUS HUMANOS
Authors: Machado Flávia Christiane de Azevedo , da Silva Moura Adriely Fernanda , Cabral Teixeira Ylari , Dantas Campelo Maria Carolina , Medeiros da Rocha Neto Agenor , Freire Oliveira Kedma Valnice , Macedo e Medeiros Ysla Kallena 
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Educação em saúde visa sensibilizar a consciência cidadã a partir do conhecimento do sujeito e de estratégias pedagógicas dialógicas. Tal atividade pode envolver os diferentes ciclos de vida, como crianças e adolescentes. Objetivo: relatar a experiência de um grupo tutorial da disciplina SACI II da UFRN na produção e realização de ações de educação em saúde voltadas a sensibilização para adesão a vacinação contra o HPV no território adscrito a uma USF de Natal/RN no primeiro semestre do ano de 2018. Metodologia: A seleção das temáticas-alvo se deu a partir das percepções dos discentes acerca do contexto epidemiológico do bairro e, sobretudo, dos processos contínuos de escuta ativa, em que profissionais de saúde da USF e lideranças do território expuseram as demandas locais. Utilizou-se a ferramenta CANVAS para estruturação do planejamento estratégico das intervenções. Exposições dialogadas, com uso de multimídia, cartazes, jogos educativos e paródias foram empregados na interação com o público da escola do bairro. Resultados: As percepções do grupo discente foram positivas e satisfatórias ao final das intervenções, em meio à ativa participação dos escolares e interesse nas temáticas abordadas, evidenciando adequação das estratégias realizadas. Conclusões: as intervenções buscaram responder a uma demanda de educação em saúde relativa ao adolescente. Ademais, contribuíram para o crescimento acadêmico e pessoal dos discentes ao trabalhar competências do saber, do ser, conviver, essenciais a efetivação do modelo da vigilância à saúde, bem como houve um balanço positivo, uma vez que os resultados esperados no planejamento foram alcançados. Desta forma, concretizou-se o princípio da integração ensino-serviço-comunidade.

Palavras-Chave: Serviços de Integração Docente-assistencial, Educação em Saúde, Comunicação, Atenção Primária à Saúde, Sistema Único de Saúde.
Recent Progress of Machine Learning in Gene Therapy
Authors: Hunt Cassandra , Montgomery Sandra , Berkenpas Joshua William , Sigafoos Noel , Oakley John Christian , Espinosa Jacob , Justice Nicola , Kishaba Kiyomi , Hippe Kyle , Si Dong , Hou Jie , Ding Hui , Cao Renzhi 
Published: June 2021

:
With new developments in biomedical technology, it is now a viable therapeutic treatment
to alter genes with techniques like CRISPR. At the same time, it is increasingly cheaper to
perform whole genome sequencing, resulting in rapid advancement in gene therapy and editing in
precision medicine. Understanding the current industry and academic applications of gene therapy
provides an important backdrop to future scientific developments. Additionally, machine learning
and artificial intelligence techniques allow for the reduction of time and money spent in the development
of new gene therapy products and techniques. In this paper, we survey the current progress
of gene therapy treatments for several diseases and explore machine learning applications in gene
therapy. We also discuss the ethical implications of gene therapy and the use of machine learning
in precision medicine. Machine learning and gene therapy are both topics gaining popularity in various
publications, and we conclude that there is still room for continued research and application of
machine learning techniques in the gene therapy field.
Inhibiting TLR9 Signaling Stimulates Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest,
and Alleviates Angiogenic Property in Human Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Liehong , Zhang Shengkun , Cai Hua , Qi Qingling , Zhang Chunhua , Qi Ziyi , Huang CuiPing 
Published: June 2021

Aims:
The aim of the study was to assess the effect of blocking TLR9 signaling on the proliferation
of cervical cancer cells and its angiogenic property.

Background:
Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) have been implicated for their crucial role in not only cervical
cancer but also in other malignancies. TLR9 is expressed on an array of cells such as macrophages,
dendritic cells, melanocytes, and keratinocytes and is reported to modulate oncogenesis along with
tumorigenesis by augmenting NF-κB mediated inflammation within the tumor environment. TLR9 has
also been reported to positively regulate oncogenesis within the cervix and as a marker to evaluate
malignant remodeling of cervical squamous cells. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the
functional relevance of blocking the TLR9signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells.

Objective:
The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of human TLR9 antagonist,
ODN INH-18, on apoptosis and cell cycle regulation, and angiogenic property of human cervical cancer
Caski cells.

Method:
MTT assay was performed to measure cell viability and flow cytometry analysis was performed
to assess cell cycle arrest. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis was performed to
measure fold change in the gene expression of various markers of apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, and
angiogenesis.

Result:
The qRT-PCR results showed a higher expression level of TLR9 mRNA in Caski cervical
cancer cells as compared to normal cervical keratinocytes. The apoptotic, angiogenic, and cell cycle
regulatory factors were also deregulated in Caski cells in comparison to normal keratinocytes. The
MTT assay demonstrated that treatment of TLR9 antagonist, ODN INH18, significantly reduced the
proliferation of Caski cells in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of ODN INH18 led to substantial
cell cycle arrest in Caski cells at G0/G1 phase. Moreover, the qRT-PCR results demonstrated that ODN
INH18 treatment led to suppressed mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and enhanced expression of Bax, signifying
the induction of apoptosis in Caski cells. Moreover, the expression of cyclin D1, Cdk4, and
Cdc25A was found to be reduced whereas expression of p27 was increased in ODN INH18-treated
Caski cells; indicating G0/G1 phase arrest. Interestingly, expression of VEGF and VCAM-1 was found
to be significantly inhibited in ODN INH18-treated Caski cells, substantiating alleviation of angiogenic
property of cervical cancer cells.

Conclusion:
The results of our study suggest that inhibiting TLR9 signaling might be an interesting
therapeutic intervention for the treatment of cervical cancer.
Radiocarbon-based investigations into the authenticity of Mesoamerican artefacts in museum contexts
Authors: Erdil P. , Kuitems M. , Berger M. , Dee M.W. 
Published: June 2021

In this article, radiocarbon dating has been used as a tool for investigating the authenticity of two Mesoamerican artefacts from the collection of the National Museum of World Cultures (Museum Volkenkunde), Leiden, the Netherlands. The first artefact is a ceremonial Aztec, possibly a tecpatl, knife, and it is presumed to date to 1300–1500 CE. The second object is a decorated Mixtec skull, presumed to date to 1400–1520 CE. The efficacy of radiocarbon dating was thoroughly tested in this study, especially in regard to the tiny quantities that could be sampled from the skull. However, with the newly revamped radiocarbon facility at the University of Groningen, this was an opportune moment to attempt such research. Ultimately, a credible result could not be obtained on the skull; however, the ceremonial knife was dated reliably to the Aztec period. The article also discusses the broader issue of whether radiocarbon results can be used as a definitive proof of authenticity and examines the risk-reward nature of radiocarbon testing.