bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Overweight Young Adults: Yearlong Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Lawhun Costello Victoria , Chevance Guillaume , Wing David , Mansour-Assi Shadia J , Sharp Sydney , Golaszewski Natalie M , Young Elizabeth A , Higgins Michael , Ibarra Anahi , Larsen Britta , Godino Job G 
Published: October 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted multiple aspects of daily living, including behaviors associated with occupation, transportation, and health. It is unclear how these changes to daily living have impacted physical activity and sedentary behavior.

Objective
In this study, we add to the growing body of research on the health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by examining longitudinal changes in objectively measured daily physical activity and sedentary behavior among overweight or obese young adults participating in an ongoing weight loss trial in San Diego, California.

Methods
Data were collected from 315 overweight or obese (BMI: range 25.0-39.9 kg/m2) participants aged from 18 to 35 years between November 1, 2019, and October 30, 2020, by using the Fitbit Charge 3 (Fitbit LLC). After conducting strict filtering to find valid data on consistent wear (>10 hours per day for ≥250 days), data from 97 participants were analyzed to detect multiple structural changes in time series of physical activity and sedentary behavior. An algorithm was designed to detect multiple structural changes. This allowed for the automatic identification and dating of these changes in linear regression models with CIs. The number of breakpoints in regression models was estimated by using the Bayesian information criterion and residual sum of squares; the optimal segmentation corresponded to the lowest Bayesian information criterion and residual sum of squares. To quantify the changes in each outcome during the periods identified, linear mixed effects analyses were conducted. In terms of key demographic characteristics, the 97 participants included in our analyses did not differ from the 210 participants who were excluded.

Results
After the initiation of the shelter-in-place order in California on March 19, 2021, there were significant decreases in step counts (−2872 steps per day; 95% CI −2734 to −3010), light physical activity times (−41.9 minutes; 95% CI −39.5 to −44.3), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity times (−12.2 minutes; 95% CI −10.6 to −13.8), as well as significant increases in sedentary behavior times (+52.8 minutes; 95% CI 47.0-58.5). The decreases were greater than the expected declines observed during winter holidays, and as of October 30, 2020, they have not returned to the levels observed prior to the initiation of shelter-in-place orders.

Conclusions
Among overweight or obese young adults, physical activity times decreased and sedentary behavior times increased concurrently with the implementation of COVID-19 mitigation strategies. The health conditions associated with a sedentary lifestyle may be additional, unintended results of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Teoria Institucional e Finanças: uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Anderson Dias Brito  , Silva dos Santos Allisson , Casimiro de Andrade Jucimar 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática teve por objetivo identificar os avanços dos estudos em finanças que estão utilizando a Teoria Institucional como plataforma teórica. Metodologia: Foram examinados 65 artigos, sendo 12 nacionais e 43 internacionais. Destes, foram selecionados quatro artigos de periódicos nacionais e 28 de periódicos internacionais para a realização da revisão sistemática da literatura, sendo excluídos 33 artigos por não atender os critérios da pesquisa de: estar relacionado ao campo das finanças e usufruir da teoria institucional como base para as discussões. Resultados: Os resultados demonstram o entendimento da Teoria Institucional como uma lente teórica que pode auxiliam na compreensão de fenômenos na área de finanças como, governança corporativa, mensuração e divulgação do desempenho, fusões e aquisições, finanças culturais, riscos, decisões de investimento e financiamento e implicações do gerenciamento de resultados. Contribuições: Há contribuições para reforçar a Teoria Institucional, ao mostrar quanto às características institucionais interagem de maneira complementar para o desenvolvimento dos mercados financeiros ao adotarem práticas que sejam legitimadas pelos principais stakeholders. Nas contribuições para as finanças, é possível observar um passo adiante à reestruturação do campo, ao incorporar pressões sociais e internacionais em pesquisas. Para os formuladores de políticas, reguladores e gestores, a legislação poderá ser adotada de maneira a melhorar os processos gerenciais, ou ser adotada por questões de legitimidade perante os stakeholders para garantir sua sobrevivência por mais tempo. Por outro lado, a dinâmica do ambiente poderá não ser aceita pelas organizações e estas migrem para outros ambientes que melhor lhes convém.
Translation strategies for tourist advertising sites
Authors: Tukhtabayeva Assel S. , Akhatova Bagila A. , Malikova Raigul S. , Howes Emma M. 
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the study of modern strategies for translating tourist-oriented Internet texts. Misuse or omission of expressive means in translated texts may lead to distortion of information and loss of the reader’s interest. Therefore, the aim of the research is to study translation methods and strategies making quality translation of tourist texts possible. The research material comprised tourist texts presented on English-language tourist sites. The following methods were used to reach the objectives: content analysis; the method of continuous sampling, in which the material necessary for the study was collected; method of linguistic and stylistic text analysis. In the course of the analysis, the authors identified the most frequent methods of broadcasting realia: descriptive translation; tracking; transcription; syntactic assimilation.
Los particulares frente a la inexistente equidad federal
Authors: Castro Agustina 
Published: October 2021

Si bien es cierto que con la reforma constitucional de 1994 se buscó fortalecer el federalismo, queda evidenciado que la realidad política no se adecúa –o no quiere adecuarse- al precepto.
En este sentido, y siguiendo esta línea de análisis, se puede mencionar como referencia que la Constitución de 1853, influenciada por ideas alberdianas, fue un gran acierto político pragmático en tanto buscó ser realista respecto a la vida política de la época para así plasmarlo en el texto constitucional. Por el contrario, cabría preguntarse si la lectura política, económica y social realizada en 1994 en el marco de la reforma constitucional, -con el claro objetivo de fortalecer el federalismo- realmente se identifica con los valores que realcen este tiempo y espacio. Desde una perspectiva analítica, tal vez la reforma no fue un proyecto aceptable políticamente en este contexto. Más bien, la reforma significó una observación errónea o equivocada de la realidad en 1994. En otras palabras, la sociedad argentina no estaba lista para afianzar el federalismo.
Numerical Investigation of Detonation Propagation Through Small Orifice Holes
Authors: Vashishtha Ashish , Callaghan Dean , Nolan Cathal , Deiterding Ralf 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Seeking to better understand the physical phenomena underlying detonation wave propagation through small holes (especially the phenomenon of detonation re-initiation or its failure), we investigated the propagation of a detonation wave along a tube filled with a hydrogen-oxygen mixture diluted with argon, in the presence of obstacles with a small orifice hole. Numerical simulations were performed in a two-dimensional domain using adaptive mesh refinement and by solving compressible Euler equations for multiple thermally perfect species with a reactive source term. A premixed mixture of H2:O2:Ar at a ratio 2:1:7 at 10.0 kPa and 298 K was used in a 90 mm diameter tube with a detonation wave travelling from one end. We found that a single orifice placed at 200 mm from one end of the tube, with varying diameters of 6, 10, 14, 16, 18, 30, and 50 mm, showed an initial decoupling of the detonation wave into a shockwave and flame front. The detonation wave fails to propagate along the tube for orifice diameters less than λ, while it propagates by different re-initiation pathways for orifice diameters greater than λ, where λ is the cell-width for regular detonation propagation.
Numerical Simulation of the Exit Temperature Pattern of an Aircraft Engine Using a Temperature-Dependent Turbulent Schmidt Number
Authors: Kravchenko Igor F. , Kozel Dmytro V. , Yevsieiev Serhii A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a numerical simulation for predicting the combustor exit temperature pattern of an aircraft engine, developed using the commercial fluid simulation software Ansys Fluent, which assumes a shape probability density function for the instantaneous chemistry in the conserved scalar combustion model and the standard k-ε model for turbulence. We found the compliance of the radial and circumferential non-uniformities of the exit temperature with the experimental data to be insufficient. To achieve much more accurate result, the mixing intensity was enhanced with respect to the initial calculation due to using the reduced value of the turbulent Schmidt number Sc. Numerical simulation was performed for values of the turbulent Schmidt number from Sc = 0.85 (default) up to Sc = 0.2, with results confirming the reduction of radial and circumferential non-uniformities of exit temperature. However, correlation between radial and circumferential non-uniformities is not admissible for these cases. Therefore, we propose to use a temperature-dependent formulation of the turbulent Schmidt number Sc, accounting for the increase in Sc number with increasing gas temperature. A user defined function (UDF) was used to implement the Sc number temperature dependence in Ansys Fluent. The numerical results for the proposed Schmidt number Sc temperature dependence were found to be in acceptable agreement with the experimental data both for radial and circumferential non-uniformities of the exit temperature pattern.
A Two-Point Approximation Approach to Determining Aircraft Aerodynamic Force Coefficients for a Maximal-Duration Horizontal Flight
Authors: Goncharenko Andriy Viktorovich 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a two-point approximation approach to determining aircraft aerodynamic force coefficients, and compares it to the traditional methods. A variational concept is used to conduct aircraft flight trials for the maximal duration of quasi-horizontal flights. The advantages of the described optimization theories are demonstrated, in terms of aviation fuel gas savings. The results of a numerical example are presented.
Power Laws and Skew Distributions: An Application to Performance Royalty Income
Authors: Pitt Ivan L. 
Published: October 2021

Royalty income derived from copyrighted song-titles is often highly skewed. This skewness, in which a relatively small number of songwriters earn relatively more royalty income than other members or affiliates in Performing Rights Organizations, is said to follow Zipf's Law or a Pareto distribution.
Skewness in royalty income can be explained, in part, by some successful songwriters having larger catalogs of songs that are performed more frequently by radio stations, television stations, and other public places, such as retail outlets, bars, restaurants and clubs. The skew-t distribution model is generalized with location, skew, scale, and degrees of freedom parameters and is used to analyze royalty income when skewness and heavy-tails (outliers) are present. The multivariate log-skew-t maximum likelihood model presented here provides a better fit over other methods when the normal (Gaussian) assumptions and graphical methods may be inappropriate.
Impacto del programa de autocuidado en ancianos residentes en el Hogar San Pedro Claver de la Beneficencia de Cundinamarca
Authors: Urrea U. Maria Victoria 
Published: October 2021

Este estudio investigó el impacto de un programa de autocuidado diseñado y estructurado para incrementar habilidades biopsicosociales, comparando dos grupos de ancianos residentes del Hogar San Pedro Claver de la Beneficencia de Cundinamarca, uno que recibe el programa y otro no.
La muestra estuvo conformada por 48 ancianos divididos al azar en dos grupos: G1 o control y G2 o experimental que participó en el programa de autocuidado durante 12 sesiones, implementándose una por semana siendo su duración de 2 horas.
El estudio requirió 16 semanas, período en el cual se aplicó el pretest, el programa de autocuidado y el postest. Se usó en la entrevista directa individual el cuestionario de habilidades biopsicosociales que evalúa once habilidades: motoras, sensoriales, emocionales, cognitivas, sociales, sueño y descanso, alimentación, vestido, aseo o arreglo personal, percepción de riesgos y uso del tiempo. Los resultados revelaron que el programa de autocuidado incrementa las habilidades biopsicosociales de los ancianos al encontrar diferencias significativas en la Prueba T.
Estos hallazgos permiten considerar la importancia que tiene el programa de autocuidado en los ancianos y cómo esta intervención favorece y mantiene hábitos y rutinas vitales y satisfactorias para su calidad de vida.
Habitus y práctica en la Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana de la Universidad del Valle desde la concepción de Bourdieu
Authors: Josefina Rojas Aida , Rubio María Helena 
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo tiene el propósito de hacer una mirada retrospectiva y analizar desde la perspectiva de la teoría de Bourdieu las razones por las cuales se presentó la conformación de la Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana de la Universidad del Valle.
Se analiza desde la perspectiva de género nuestras profesiones y sus implicaciones. Se resalta la construcción y transformación de las prácticas en busca de la identidad y desarrollo de la Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana. Por otro lado se rescata la autonomía, equidad, transformación de las prácticas en habitus.
Psychological Distress Among General Adult Population Of Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Joshi Devavrat , Sharma Pawan , Shrestha Kenison 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: A large proportion of the population in the community with psychological distress goes unnoticed. This study was done to assess the psychological distress among adult population of urban area of the Kathmandu Valley.
Material And Method: The study was conducted among 280 individuals of age 18 years and above. Samples were conveniently selected from passersby in front of Mental Hospital, Lagankhel on World Mental health day 2018. The Nepali translated version of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was used to assess the psychological distress among the study participants.
Results: Majority of the participants had low psychological distress (62.86%) followed by typical (12.86%), more than typical (9.29%), evidence of psychological distress (5.71%) & severe distress (8.93%). 23.93% of the participants had psychological distress which needed attention.
Conclusion: The psychological distress is a major public health concern in our study population. Focused interventions to improve the mental health of population are required to decrease the level of psychological distress among the general population.
Covid 19 Related Knowledge, Anxiety And Coping Strategies Among Players And Officials Of Men's National Football Team In Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai G. , Bhattarai A. , Sharma P. , Shakya R. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: This study aims to assess the knowledge and anxiety about CoVID 19 and coping skills involved in dealing with the anxiety in National men’s football team .
Material And Method: Cross sectional analytic study with purposive sampling of members affiliated to Mens national football team who presented to Patan hospital for PCR testing. Tools used were knowledge about corona, fear of COVID 19 scale and Brief Cope Scale Total sample size of 44.
Results: Overall, more than 90% the respondents showed good knowledge about most of the facts about corona virus. The median scores of fear scale showed they were mostly neutral or in disagreement with anxiety statements related to COVID. They mostly adopted coping strategies of Active Coping, Planning, Acceptance, Positive Reframing and informational support while Substance use and Humor were the least used.
Conclusion: The respondents mostly showed good knowledge about corona virus disease, low to mild levels of anxiety and most importantly adopted adaptive coping skills in dealing with the stress.
Stressful Life Events In First Episode Psychosis
Authors: Karki B.D. , Joshi D. , Adhikari A.P. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: First episode psychosis refers to the first time someone experiences psychotic symptoms or a psychotic episode. There are evidences related to the role of major life events and childhood trauma in the development of first episode psychosis. There are few studies regarding the environmental exposure to stressful life events and how these events might influence the onset of a psychotic disorder, and role of perceived stress. This study aimed to identify the relationship between stressful life events and first episode psychosis in Nepalese context.
Material And Method: It was a hospital based cross-sectional, descriptive study. A total of 50 cases of first episode psychosis were included and the diagnosis was made according to ICD 10- Diagnostic Criteria for Research and verified by two consultant psychiatrists. Semi Structured Performa was designed to collect the information about the socio demographic data and perceived stress was assessed with Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLES).
Results: There were 62% female and 38% male patients with first episode psychosis with mean age 26.32 years. Majority of the participants were from rural areas (94%), married (58%), educated up to primary level (38%) and housewife (40%). 60.7% of ATPD had stressful life events (P =0. 000)which was higher than the stressful life events in patient with Schizophrenia (P =0. 005). There was a positive correlation between stressful life events and gender, setting, socioeconomic status and Diagnosis (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Results show the relevance of presence of stressful life events as a potent source of perceived stress in first episode psychosis sample. Therefore this study highlights the importance of psychosocial intervention in this vulnerable group for management of illness and might be an important strategy for prevention.
Knowledge And Attitude On Mental Illness Among People Of A Selected Community Of Biratnagar
Authors: Jha P. , Mandal P.K. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Mental disorders are widely recognized as a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Mental illness often generates misunderstanding, prejudice, confusion and fear; therefore it should be a concern for all of us, rather than only for those who suffer from a mental disorder. Aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitude on mental illness among people of a selected community.
Material And Method: Descriptive cross-sectional research design was used to assess knowledge and attitude in selected community of Biratnagar. Sample size was 92. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to collect data through face to face interview using Semi-structured questionnaire. Data entry and analysis was done on SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistics was calculated.
Results: Finding of the study shows 88% views mental illness as a medical condition. All respondents identified that mentally ill people cannot held his/her responsibility and are prone to violent. Mental illness perceived as treatable by 66.7% with regular treatment and follow-up and 20.7% preferred treatment with traditional healer. Findings of the study showed adequate level of knowledge among 97.8% respondents.
Conclusion: The finding of the study suggests level of knowledge was adequate among respondents whereas most of them had negative attitude towards mental illness. The level of negative attitude suggests the strong emphasis on public education towards mental illness.
A Study Of Personality Traits And Attachment In Romantic Relationships Among Normal Weight, Overweight And Obese Adults
Authors: Chowdhury S. , Mukherjee T. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Obesity has significant physical and psychological implications along with severe impacts on social and interpersonal relationships of individuals. The present work is a comparative study between normal weight, overweight and obese individuals with respect to their personality traits and attachment in romantic relationships, it also aims to explore the relationship of body mass index with the variables chosen.
Material And Method: The total sample size was 90. The study was conducted upon three groups-the three groups consisted of 30 normal weight participants, 30 overweight participants and 30 obese participants each. Participants were grouped on the basis of their Body Mass Index (BMI)- which was calculated from self-reported measures of height and weight. All participants were administered the NEO-Five Factor Inventory and the Experiences in Close Relationships- Revised Questionnaire. On the basis of the obtained data, an Independent Samples t-test was done to see if there existed any significant difference between the groups. A Pearson’s coefficient correlation was performed for the total sample and a Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to see if any of the variables were significant predictors of BMI for the present sample.
Results: Significant differences existed between the groups in case of neuroticism, extraversion, openness and conscientiousness. The BMI of adults in the present sample has a significant positive correlation with openness and anxious attachment in romantic relationships and a significant negative correlation with extraversion and conscientiousness. Openness and conscientiousness were also significant predictors of BMI for the present sample.
Conclusion: The study adds significant findings to the interaction of obesity with the big five personality traits and sheds light on how attachment in romantic relationships is often affected by the weight stigma.