bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Culture-Negative Periprosthetic Joint Infections
Authors: Watanabe Shintaro , Kobayashi Naomi , Tomoyama Akito , Choe Hyonmin , Yamazaki Etsuko , Inaba Yutaka 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Culture-negative periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) can complicate diagnosis and management of PJI. This study aimed to identify risk factors for culture-negative PJI and differences in clinical characteristics between culture-positive and culture-negative PJI group.
Methods

This retrospective, cross-sectional study evaluated PJI cases obtained between January 2013 and October 2019 at our institution. These PJI cases were divided into culture-positive and culture-negative groups and then compared. The demographics, laboratory findings, and details of patient’s clinical characteristics were investigated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to investigate risk factors for culture-negative PJI.
Results

A total of 109 PJI cases were included in the analysis: 82 (75%) culture-positive and 27 (25%) culture-negative. The mean serum white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the culture-negative group were significantly lower than those in the culture-positive group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding history of prior antibacterial administration or treatment success rates. Multivariate analysis identified a low serum WBC count as a risk factor for culture-negative PJI (odds ratio = 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.63–0.97; p = 0.027).
Conclusions

A low serum WBC count is a risk factor for culture-negative PJI, but prior antimicrobial therapy is not. The results suggest that PJI cases with lower levels of systemic inflammation are likely to be culture-negative; therefore, the possibility of a culture-negative result should be considered in suspected cases of PJI with low inflammatory markers, regardless of prior antibiotic exposure.
Identification of INHBA as a Potential Biomarker for Gastric Cancer by Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Liu Guangjie , Hu Xiao-jie , Jia Yuxuan , Huo Bing-jie , Wang Cheng , Yang Lei , Liu Fang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Inhibin subunit beta A (INHBA) is a member of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily proteins, which plays a fundamental role in various cancers. However, little is known about the exact role of INHBA in patients with gastric cancer (GC). The present study aims to explore the relationship between INHBA and GC and detect the underlying mechanisms. Multiple bioinformatic approaches were first preformed basing on TIMER, GEPIA2, GEO, Oncomine and UALCAN databases, which revealed that INHBA was highly elevated in GC. This result was proved by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 65 cases of GC tissues in our study. The bioinformatic analysis also revealed that high expression of INHBA was significantly related to unfavorable prognosis of GC. To detect the underlying mechanism, further analysis was performed basing on Kaplan Meier plotter database and found that poor prognosis of GC was related to infiltration of different enriched immune-cell subgroups. That was INHBA being negatively correlated with B cell while positively correlated with CD8 + T cells, macrophage, neutrophil and dendritic cell infiltration. However, there was week significant methylation level change between tumor and normal tissues. Moreover, INHBA mainly enriched on cancer-related signaling pathways, including TGF-beta signaling pathway, ECM-receptor signaling pathway, PID ALK1/2 pathway, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, which provide a new insight for future in-depth study.
Microphysiological stroke model for systematic evaluation of neurorestorative potential of stem cell therapy
Authors: Lee Wonjae , Lyu Zhonlin , Park Jon , Kim Kwang-Min , Jin Hye-jin , Wu Haodi , Rajadas Jayakumar , Kim Deok-Ho , Steinberg Gary 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Stem cell therapy is emerging as a promising treatment option to restore a neurological function after ischemic stroke. Despite the growing number of candidate stem cell types, each with unique characteristics, there is a lack of experimental platform to systematically evaluate their neurorestorative potential. When stem cells are transplanted into ischemic brain, the therapeutic efficacy primarily depends on the response of the neurovascular unit (NVU) to these extraneous cells. In this work, we developed an ischemic stroke microphysiological system (MPS) with a functional NVU on a microfluidic chip. Our new chip design facilitated the incorporated cells to form a functional blood-brain barrier (BBB) and restore their in vivo-like behaviors in both healthy and ischemic conditions. We utilized this MPS to track the transplanted stem cells and characterize their neurorestorative behaviors reflected in gene expression levels. Each type of stem cells showed unique neurorestorative effects, primarily through supporting the endogenous recovery, rather than through direct cell replacement. And the recovery of synaptic activities, critical for neurological function, was more tightly correlated with the recovery of the structural and functional integrity in NVU, rather than with the regeneration of neurons itself.
Perspectivas del uso de la Amalgama Dental bajo el Convenio de Minamata: Tendencias Nacionales e Internacionales
Authors: Gómez Gabriel Jaime 
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es abordar el tema de la amalgama dental en relación con el Convenido de Minamata Sobre el Mercurio. Las decisiones que, al amparo de dicho convenio, se vienen tomando en el mundo, incluyendo Colombia, y que afectan la continuidad de la amalgama como material de restauración dental, siendo esto agravado por los altos niveles de prevalencia de la caries dental a nivel global. Se revisa la posición de algunas organizaciones internacionales y sus decisiones basadas en lo que la evidencia científica disponible muestra sobre la toxicidad y biocompatibilidad de la amalgama, y sus posibles materiales de reemplazo. Se revisa el panorama nacional y el impacto de las decisiones gubernamentales sobre la profesión odontológica.
Preparation, characterization and dyeing wastewater treatment of a new PVDF/PMMA five-bore UF membrane with β-cyclodextrin and additive combinations
Authors: Bian Xiaozheng , Huang Jianping , Qiu Lin , Ma Chunyan , Xi Danli 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A new type of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) hollow fiber membrane (HFM) with five bores was prepared. The effects of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), β-cyclodextrine (β-CD), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) and their combinations on the PVDF/PMMA five-bore HFMs were investigated. The performance and fouling characteristics of five-bore HFMs for dyeing wastewater treatment were evaluated. Results indicated that adding 5 wt.% PVP increased the porosity and water flux of the membrane but decreased the bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection rate. Adding 5 wt.% β-CD significantly improved the tensile strength and rejection of the HFMs with no effect on the increase of water flux. The characteristic of the HFMs with different additive combinations proved that the mixture of 5 wt.% PVP and 1 wt.% β-CD gave the best membrane performance, with a pure water flux of 427.9 L/ m2·h, a contact angle of 25°, and a rejection of BSA of 89.7%. The CODcr and UV254 removal rates of dyeing wastewater treatment were 61.10% and 50.41%, respectively. No breakage or leakage points were found after 120 days of operation, showing their reliable mechanical properties. We set the operating flux to 55 L/m2·h and cross-flow rate to 10%, which can effectively control membrane fouling.
Wastewater collection system failures in a capital city: analysis and sustainable prevention
Authors: Marquez Andres , Jagroop C. , Maharaj C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An analysis of failures in a capital city's wastewater collection system was carried out and recommendations were made for sustainable preventive measures based on a risk of failure assessment. Most failures in sewer lines were associated with blockage caused by sediment accumulation and clogging from fats, oils and/or grease dumped by restaurants along several streets, combined with poor or nonexistent maintenance of the lines. Sewer lines in streets with higher risk levels due to multiple food establishments along those streets experienced most of the failures. Sustainability of the proposed maintenance was evidenced since it reduces costs and exposure to harmful substances and hazardous conditions as well as minimizing environmental impacts.
An Overview of Immune Evasion Strategies of DNA and RNA Viruses
Authors: Naz Sheikh Saba , Aslam Afsheen , Malik Taqdees 
Published: March 2021

:
A successful viral infection is due to the effective evasion of viruses of the immune system.
The entry of viruses is usually detected by different cellular receptors including PRRs. Recognition of
the viral genome leads to the production of interferons through a signaling stream. This review article
provides brief information regarding escape mechanisms of DNA and RNA viruses from the host immune
system. These strategies include viral endonuclease activity, cap snatching of host mRNA, the
formation of replication organelles, stress granule formation, membrane modifications, action of proteases,
and evasion from ISGs. Moreover, the strategies of DNA viruses to inhibit immune responses
include subversion of mRNA, transcriptional factors, adaptor proteins, PRRs, evasion from T lymphocytes,
genomic diversity, theft or seizure of host defense proteins, imitation of host factors like affecting
cytokines and chemokines of the host, suppression or inhibition of apoptosis, and proteasomal
degradation of host antiviral proteins by DNA viruses. The knowledge of these mechanisms is pivotal
to understanding different methodologies that viruses have created to escape antiviral cellular reactions
of the host as well as virus-host interactions and the origin of viral pathogenesis. Also, this knowledge
is significant for the design of gene targeting vectors, antiviral vaccines, and the development of effective
treatments directed against DNA and RNA viruses.
Double-blind, single-center, randomized study evaluating the effectiveness of Isosorbide Mononitrate in preventing radial artery occlusion compared to placebo in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary procedure: study protocol
Authors: Janella Bruno Laurenti , Matsuda Camila Naomi , Pereira Rafael Daher , Magalhães Jean Michel , Silva Marcilene Aparecida da 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: The primary objective of this study will be to evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous and peri-arterial isosorbide mononitrate in preventing occlusion of the radial artery (ORA) after percutaneous coronary procedures (PCP) performed by the transradial approach (TRA). As secondary objectives, define the incidence of ORA in the institution and assess variables related to the risk of occlusion. Methods: Single-center, double-blind, randomized study, including in- and outpatients from a high complexity hospital, admitted to performing PCP, diagnostic or therapeutic, by TRA, in stable coronary conditions (elective) or acute coronary syndrome. The sample will be randomly divided into a group that will receive the medication and a control group. All participants will be submitted to palpatory assessment of radial artery patency and the Barbeau inverse test within 24 h and seven days after the procedure. This will be the first study to evaluate isosorbide mononitrate as an accessible and inexpensive pharmacological method for preventing OAR after PCP by VTR.
Strategies to implement the safe hospital-community transition and mitigate hospital readmissions
Authors: Ferreira Óscar Manuel Ramos , Baixinho Cristina Lavareda 
Published: March 2021

Transition is defined as a journey made by a person between two relatively stable moments. This experience is lived over a certain period and is characterized by the appearance of changes that cause imbalances, doubts, disorganization, and interpersonal conflicts. Therefore, hospital discharge is a multiple transition (from health-illness, but also situational) from the hospital to the community, through which all individuals who have serious health problems have required hospitalization go through. If such a transition is made early and without proper planning, there is a serious risk that the discharged person will be readmitted in the short or medium-term.Recently, readmission rates have been increasing, particularly among the elderly population. This increase does not seem to be due to the severity of the diagnosis, but the comorbidities of which sick people are carriers.
Emerging Molecular Pathways Involved in Pathophysiology of Cardiac Remodeling
Authors: Dhiman Sunny , Palia Priyankul , Kumar Pankaj , Jamwal Shalini , Kumari Chinu 
Published: March 2021

Mammalian heart is a dynamic organ that can adapt morphological changes in response to alteration in workload. Various clinical and experimental findings revealed that in response to physiological stimuli or pathological insults, the heart undergoes cardiac remodeling which can be characterized by molecular, cellular or interstitial changes and can be manifested clinically as changes in size, shape and pumping function of the heart. A Sound understanding of changes in hearts cellular and molecular components and to mediators that derive homeostatic control is necessary before a specific intervention is pursued. Summarized data of this review comprises role of various novel emerging molecular pathways involvement in the pathophysiology of cardiac remodeling.
Keywords: Cardiac remodeling, hypertrophy, protein kinase, heart failure, molecular targets, pathological insult.
Assessment of Predictors of Hyperkalemia in Cardiovascular Diseased Patients
Authors: R Manasa , Johnson Aksa , Augustine Presly Thomas , Tom Anjana 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The objective is to determine the predictors of hyperkalaemia, severity of hyperkalaemia and to access the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases
Methodology: A cross sectional observational study was conducted on the predictors of hyperkalaemia in CVD patients, in a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of 6 months.
Results: Among 105 patients, there were 83 males and 22 females, the age group from 41-60 year shows more CVDs and 61-80 years aged patients are more prone to hyperkalaemia and shows more prevalent when compared to other age groups. The major risk factors of hyperkalaemia were Drugs (30.23%), Disease (58.13%), and Drug interactions (11.62%).Among the cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial Infarction (38%) were the most common type of CVD, while in hyperkalaemia Ischemic Heart Disease (48.83%) were more prevalent. The severity of hyperkalaemia is measured as Mild (60.46%), Moderate (37.20%), and Severe (2.32%).
Conclusion: The present study was carried out in order to assess the predictors, prevalence and severity of hyperkalaemia in cardiovascular disease patients. Our study concluded that patients with cardiovascular disease can have an increased risk of hyperkalaemia.
Keywords: CVD, Hyperkalaemia, Cross sectional observational study, Predictors, Prevalence, Severity.
Medicinal Uses of Maslinic Acid: A Review
Authors: Choudhary Neha , Singh Narinder , Singh Ajeet Pal , Singh Amar Pal 
Published: March 2021

Maslinic Acid a characteristic compound of the triterpenoid bunch got from olive which forestalls the age of favorable to fiery cytokines and oxidative pressure, found in an assortment of common sources, going from home grown cures utilized in traditional medicine to consumable vegetables and organic products present in the Mediterranean eating routine. A few investigations have demonstrated that maslinic acid a wide scope of pharmacological effects such as Antimalarial Effect, Anti-Proliferative Activity, Antitumor Activity, Antifungal Activity, Antibacterial Activity, Anti-diabetic Effect, Antioxidant effect, Anti-inflammatory Activity, Cardio protective effect, Neuroprotection effect, Antiviral Activity, Antimicrobial Activity.
Keywords: Maslinic acid, Triterpene, edible source, Pharmacological Effects
Mesenteric lymphadenitis; a common diagnostic mimic to acute appendicitis. With radiology it is no more a diagnosis of exclusion, laparoscopy or surgery
Authors: El-Reshaid Kamel , Al-Bader Shaikha , Markova Zhaneta 
Published: March 2021

Mesenteric lymphadenitis (ML) is an inflammatory response to viral infections, bacterial infections, inflammatory bowel disease, or lymphoma in the ileocecal regions. It is a common diagnostic mimic to acute appendicitis. It is a self-limited inflammatory process that affects mesenteric lymph nodes in the right lower quadrant (RLQ). We present a 15 year-old-girl with low grade fever and RLQ pain. Initial physical examination and laboratory investigations suggested acute appendicitis. However, diagnosis of ML was established by the finding abnormal lymph nodes that are usually: (a) clusters of > 3 tender ones anterior to right psoas muscle or in the small bowel mesentery, (b) > 5 mm in diameter of short axis, and (b) rounded in shape. In addition; the ileal or ileocecal wall is thickened (> 3 mm) over at least 5 cm of the bowel and the appendicular wall is normal and its lumen is patent. In conclusion; this case reports indicates tha with radiology; ML can be differentiated from acute appendicitis and limits the role of invasive laparoscopy or surgery in exclusion of the latter.
Keywords: appendicitis, CT, mesenteric lymphadenitis, radiology, US.
A study on prevalence of risk factors for osteoporosis in Postmenopausal women and the importance of Osteoporosis self- assessment tool (OST) in identifying osteoporotic risk
Authors: Thomas Blessy Maria , Kuriakose Alan , Joseph Joshua John , George Nimisha , Ashok Purnima 
Published: March 2021

Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent health issue among postmenopausal women, which can be prevented if identified in the early stages. The use of Osteoporosis Self - assessment Tool (OST) will help in identifying the risk of osteoporosis and hence will allow the patients to seek the best treatment if required. In this study we assessed the prevalence of risk factors for osteoporosis in 400 Postmenopausal women and have measured the osteoporotic risk using OST. The risk factors and risk scores were correlated using spearman’s rho correlation analysis. As per the postmenopausal classification, 52% of the population belonged to the late stage. Average BMI of the population was found to be 19.5 that is borderline of the normal which indicates the risk for Osteoporosis. Attaining early menopause 243(60.75%) and history of fall 223(55.75%) was the most common risk factors found in the population. Using OST, 78 patients were identified with high risk. The correlation between OST and risk factors revealed that OST is positively significant with the progression of menopausal stage. Patient education regarding the use and interpretation of OST will help to identify risk of osteoporosis; this should be implemented within the primary gynecological care units for the better outcome.
Keywords: Osteoporosis, postmenopausal women, risk factors, Osteoporosis Self - assessment Tool.
In Silico Identification of Flavonoids from Corriandrum sativum Seeds against Coronavirus Covid-19 Main Protease
Authors: Suresh Kumar G , Manivannan R. , Nivetha B. 
Published: March 2021

Molecular docking analysis is routinely used in modern drug research to understand and predict the relationship between a drug molecule and a target protein from a microbe. The entry and replication of pathogens in host cells can be prevented by drugs identified in this way. The coronavirus disease associated with SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, has become today's most infectious and lethal pandemic disease in the world. Burgeoning in the absence of any particular vaccine or therapeutic agent against SARS-CoV-2.The situation urges the need for appropriate medications to treat patients infected with the virus. Consequently, the study focus on evaluate the therapeutic potential of flavonoids present in Corriandrum sativum seeds that could serve as suitable remedies for COVID19.We analyzed the binding affinity of four flavonoids were screened against Mpro protein of SARS-CoV-2 by PyRx Virtual Screening tool and also results are validated with Lig-Plot Plus. Lopinavir shows binding affinity of -8.3 Kcal/mol and exhibit stable, strong interaction with active site of COVID19 main protease. Besides flavonoids, Rutin found to have the highest binding affinity compared to Lopinavir with the Mpro protease, followed by Chlorogenic acid, Quercetin and Caffeic acid. The present study concludes that Rutin present in the integrant of seeds shows the highest potentiality for acting as in inhibitor of main protease enzyme. Further, characterization of the amino acid residues comprising the viral binding site and the nature of the hydrogen bonding involved in the ligand receptor interaction shows significant findings with Rutin binding to the MPro protein at amino acid. The amino acid acid present in active sites of Mpro protease responsible for virus pathogenicity. The findings of the present study need in vivo experiments to prove the utility of Rutin compounds and further use in making Corriandrum sativum seeds as anti-SARS-CoV-2 product in near future.
Keywords: Corriandrum sativum seeds,Novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV2, COVID-19, Protease, Molecular Docking.
Nano Sponges: A Novel Approach for Targeted Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Muni Raja Lakshmi K. , Suma Shree CH. , Lakshmi Priya N. 
Published: March 2021

Targeted drug delivery system is a unique type of medication conveyance framework where the pharmacologically dynamic specialists mainly focused on its site activity and not to the non-focused on organs, tissues or cells. Nano sponges are such sort of compelling pharmaceutical transporters, which take care of issues like harmfulness and helpless bioavailability such as they can stack both hydrophilic and hydrophobic medicines. Various classifications of medications can stack into Nano sponge for focused medication conveyance. This targeted drug delivery system is one of the most encouraging methodologies in the existence of science. Nano sponges are little in size with a three-dimensional organization and nanometric depression. Nano sponges are exceptionally permeable and have the extraordinary capacity to ensure dynamic particles and offer programmable delivery. This Review article explains the overall presentation of nano sponges a grouping of nano sponge trademark highlights of nano sponges their points of interest inconveniences, and synthetic compounds utilized in their planning, arrangement of technical factors influencing on the preparation component activities and assessment boundaries with some particular applications.
Keywords: Nano sponges; Targeted drug delivery; Solubility Enhancement; controlled drug delivery.