bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network Pharmacology-Based Exploration of the Mechanism of Guanxinning Tablet for the Treatment of Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Sheng Song , Yang Qiao-Ning , Zhu Hao-Ning , Xian Yong-Yue 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
Network pharmacology was utilized to explore the mechanism of Guanxinning (GXN) tablet for the treatment of stable coronary artery disease (SCAD).

Materials and Methods:
First, active ingredients and therapeutic targets were predicted by databases and gene chip. Then, we constructed the compound-target (C-T) network and target-disease (T-D) network to screen hub compounds and therapeutic targets based on contribution index (CI), degree, closeness, betweenness, and coreness in the networks. Enrichment analysis was performed on hub therapeutic targets, and finally, the verification of hub ingredients and hub therapeutic targets was performed through molecular docking.

Results:
With “oral bioavailability ≥30%, druglikeness ≥0.18, and half-life ≥4 h” as screening conditions, 58 active ingredients were obtained. Seven hundred and seventeen compound targets and 636 SCAD targets were retrieved using databases and gene chip, and the intersection of both (139 targets) was defined as therapeutic targets. According to CI, degree, betweenness, closeness, and coreness, 2 hub compounds and 13 hub therapeutic targets were chosen from the C-T network and T-D network, respectively. The Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis indicated that GXN treated SCAD from several aspects including inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, nutritional metabolism, blood pressure regulation, ventricular remodeling, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, angiogenesis, and platelet aggregation. Tissue enrichment analysis revealed that the therapeutic targets were enriched in multiple organs and tissues. The excellent binding force between the hub compounds and hub therapeutic targets was verified by molecular docking.

Conclusions:
The treatment of SCAD by GXN has the characteristics of multiple ingredients, multiple targets, and multiple approaches. Consequently, it may theoretically treat SCAD from multiple angles and levels.
Investigation of the sequence profile of the Plasmodium falciparum 18SrRNA diagnostic target in isolates from naturally infected children with uncomplicated malaria
Authors: Oyedeji S.I. , Odoh I.M. , Ojerinde A.O. , Awobode H.O. 
Published: October 2021

The gold standard for malaria diagnosis is evidence of parasitological confirmation but the traditional method by light microscopy and the routinely used rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have limitations. Molecular assays are known to have higher sensitivity and specificity but there are indications that they may also be compromised by genetic variability of the target sequence. The aim of this study therefore, was to evaluate the DNA sequence profile of the diagnostic target of the P. falciparum 18S rRNA PCR assay in field isolates from North-Central Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 324 children presenting with acute febrile illness suspected to be uncomplicated malaria. Light microscopy and 18S rRNA PCR assay were employed to determine the presence of P. falciparum parasites. Sequence profile of the diagnostic target was evaluated by Sanger sequencing of the PCR products on ABI PRISM® 3100 DNA sequencer (PE Applied Biosystems). Of the 324 children enrolled into this study, 134 (41.4%) were positive for P. falciparum by microscopy while 218 (67.3%) were positive by PCR. The sensitivity of microscopy was 61.47%(95% CI= 57.88% - 69.64%) using the PCR assay as reference standard. The degree of agreement between microscopy and PCR as measured by Cohen's kappa was moderate (κ = 0.502, 95% CI = 0.463 - 0.715).Sequence analysis showed that the DNA target of the P. falciparum 18S rRNA PCR from the field isolates were highly conserved. Only one A>T single nucleotide polymorphism was found within the target sequence among the isolates in this study. This study showed that the DNA target sequence of the18S rRNA PCR assay is highly conserved in field isolates in the study region suggesting little or no impact of selective pressure acting on the locus and has implications for the enhanced sensitivity of the molecular assay.
Narcissism, activity on Facebook, and conspicuous
consumption among young adults
Authors: Niesiobędzka Małgorzata , Konaszewski Karol 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionThe purpose of the study was to explore relationships between narcissistic strategies, self-oriented activity on Facebook, and conspicuous consumption.Material and methodsThe sample consisted of 323 young Polish adults. Participants completed the Conspicuous Consumption Scale (CCS), the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire (NARQ), and questions regarding Facebook use.ResultsEmpirical support was found for the assumption that conspicuous consumption was predicted by narcissistic rivalry. Although the direct impact of narcissistic admiration on conspicuous consumption was non-significant, this strategy influenced status consumption through self-verified behaviours on social media, the strongest predictor of conspicuous consumption.ConclusionsThis shows that narcissistic rivalry directly affects the propensity to conspicuous consumption and narcissistic admiration is related to self-verified activity on Facebook. The involvement of Facebook usage in this manner increases the acquisition and display of expensive, glamorous products as external signals of status.
Theoretical insights from upscaling Michaelis–Menten microbial dynamics in biogeochemical models: a dimensionless approach
Authors: Wilson Chris H. , Gerber Stefan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Leading an effective response to the accelerating crisis of
anthropogenic climate change will require improved understanding of global
carbon cycling. A critical source of uncertainty in Earth system models
(ESMs) is the role of microbes in mediating both the formation and
decomposition of soil organic matter, and hence in determining patterns of
CO2 efflux. Traditionally, ESMs model carbon turnover as a first-order
process impacted primarily by abiotic factors, whereas contemporary
biogeochemical models often explicitly represent the microbial biomass and
enzyme pools as the active agents of decomposition. However, the combination
of non-linear microbial kinetics and ecological heterogeneity across space
and time guarantees that upscaled dynamics will violate mean-field
assumptions via Jensen's inequality. Violations of mean-field assumptions
mean that parameter estimates from models fit to upscaled data (e.g., eddy
covariance towers) are likely systematically biased. Likewise, predictions
of CO2 efflux from models conditioned on mean-field values will also be
biased. Here we present a generic mathematical analysis of upscaling
Michaelis–Menten kinetics under heterogeneity and provide solutions in
dimensionless form. We illustrate how our dimensionless form facilitates
qualitative insight into the significance of this scale transition and argue
that it will facilitate cross-site intercomparisons of flux data. We also
identify the critical terms that need to be constrained in order to unbias
parameter estimates.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE CRIMINAL LAW FOR PROFESSIONAL CRIMES OF MEDICAL WORKERS
Authors: Sybatova M.E. , Gorodnova O.N. 
Published: October 2021

The scientific novelty of the article is due to the results of a comprehensive criminal law study of medical crimes as models of criminal behavior in order to fairly qualify them and improve the norms providing for responsibility for them. The theoretical basis of the study was the opinions of practitioners, the scientific position of A.E. Senokosova and the expert conclusions of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation on improving criminal legislation providing for liability for medical errors.
The authors draw attention to the competition of articles 109, 118, 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and suggest that when using them as a result of qualification, the signs of a special subject of crime – a medical worker should be taken into account. The study actualizes the issues of the effectiveness of punishment applied for criminal iatrogenies. The emphasis is made on the need to apply deprivation of the right to engage in professional activity as an additional punishment to medical workers when they commit iatrogenic crimes.
Methods to analyze spatio-temporal rainfall variability: application to the Pajeú river basin, Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Assis Janaina Oliveira Maria de , Menezes Athos Farias , De Souza Werônica Meira , Sobral Maria do Carmo Martins 
Published: October 2021

This paper addresses a methodology for analyzing spatio-temporal rainfall variability as a tool to support action planning that could mitigate negative impacts and reduce conflicts over water use in the Pajeú river basin, located in the semi-arid region of the state of Pernambuco. We used daily rainfall data from 11 rainfall stations, between 1964 and 2016, provided by the Pernambuco Water and Climate Agency (Agência Pernambucana de Águas e Clima — APAC) and the National Water Agency (Agência Nacional de Águas — ANA). This analysis employed the RClimDex software to calculate rainfallrelated climate extremes indices, aiming at monitoring and detecting climate changes and alterations in the regional rainfall pattern. The results indicated a change in the rainfall pattern in the Pajeú river basin, and all climate indices obtained converge toward the increase in water scarcity in the area, contributing to the recurrent droughts that impact the region.
Exogenous Factors Affecting Multifocal Electroretinogram: A mini review
Authors: Chen Ai-Hong , Mohamad Rafiuddin Muhamad Syukri , Coupland Stuart 
Published: October 2021

Multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) is an important diagnostic tool in the clinical evaluation of central electro-retinal function of the macula. To enhance the diagnostic values and to improve its accuracy and internal consistency, it is crucial to examine carefully the endogenous and exogenous factors that affect mfERG recordings and clinical interpretations. This mini review focuses on three aspects of exogenous factors including (1) physiological variations pertaining to age and gender; (2) systemic changes owing to oxygen, blood pressure and glucose levels; (3) individual variables due to refractive status, pupil size, luminance and viewing condition.
La reincorporación en clave del fortalecimiento de capacidades territoriales para la construcción de paz: una mirada desde la academia
Authors: Sierra Pardo Claudia Patricia , Castro Vergara María Clemencia , Luna García Jairo Ernesto , Fresneda Ortíz David Alejandro , Muñoz Garzón Ana Milena 
Published: October 2021

Resumen: El artículo presenta la síntesis analítica de un proceso de diálogo entre la comunidad académica de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia; los firmantes y garantes del Acuerdo de Paz en La Habana, Cuba; y representantes de las FARC-EP y del Estado colombiano alrededor de con- versatorios, seguidos de un análisis del proceso de reincorporación para identificar sus alcances y limitaciones, encaminado a visualizar propuestas para su fortalecimiento en nueve ejes: compren- sión de la reincorporación; enfoque territorial en la implementación de la reincorporación; acceso a la tierra; nueva geografía de la reincorporación; seguridad en los territorios y protección de la vida de personas en proceso de reincorporación; proyectos productivos, asociatividad y vínculo con procesos comunitarios; fortalecimiento de capacidades de las personas firmantes del Acuerdo; incorporación política; y nuevas dinámicas familiares, comunitarias y colectivas.
Reincorporation Process in the Sense of the Strengthening of Local Capacities for Peace- building: A view from the Academy
Abstract: Through a dialogue between the academic community of the National University of Colombia, the signatories and guarantors of the Peace Agreement between the FARC-EP and the Co- lombian State signed in Havana, Cuba, an analysis of the reincorporation process was carried out in order to identify its scope and limitations. It aims at visualizing proposals for the strengthening of the agreement in nine axes: understanding of the reincorporation process; access to land; new geography of the reincorporation; security in the territories and protection of the lives of people in the process of reincorporation; productive projects, association and linkage to community pro- cesses; capacity-building of the signatories; political incorporation; and new family, community and collective dynamics.
Keywords: Peace Agreement, Reincorporation Process, National University, Colombia.
Fecal microbiota transplantation mitigates bone loss by improving gut microbiome composition and gut barrier function in aged rats
Authors: Ma Sicong , Wang Ning , Zhang Pu , Wu Wen , Fu Lingjie 
Published: October 2021

Background
Gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis is closely related to bone loss and the occurrence of osteoporosis in animals and human. However, little is known about the effect and the mechanisms of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on bone in the treatment of senile osteoporosis.

Methods
Aged female rats were randomly divided into the FMT group and the control group. 3-month-old female rats were used as fecal donors. The rats were sacrificed at 12 and 24 weeks following transplantation and the serum, intestine, bone, and feces were collected for subsequent analyses.

Results
The bone turnover markers of osteocalcin, procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and carboxy-terminal peptide (CTX) decreased significantly at 12 and 24 weeks following FMT (P < 0.05). At 12 weeks following transplantation, histomorphometric parameters including the bone volume (BV), trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) of the FMT group were comparable to the control group. However, at 24 weeks following transplantation, these parameters of the FMT group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Besides, the GM aggregated at 12 and 24 weeks following FMT, and the ecological distance was close between the rats in the FMT group and the donor rats. Alpha diversity, shown by the Shannon index and Simpson index, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio decreased significantly after FMT at 24 weeks. Furthermore, FMT restored the GM composition in aged rats at the phylum and family level, and the intestinal microbiota of the aged rats was similar to that of the donor rats. Correlation network analysis indirectly suggested the causality of FMT on alleviating osteoporosis. FMT improved the intestinal structure and up-regulated the expression of tight junction proteins of occludin, claudin, and ZO-1, which might be associated with the protective effects of FMT on bone.

Conclusions
GM transplanted from young rats alleviated bone loss in aged rats with senile osteoporosis by improving gut microbiome composition and intestinal barrier function. These data might provide a scientific basis for future clinical treatment of osteoporosis through FMT.
Validation of a diode‐based phantom for high temporal and spatial measurements in a 1.5 T MR‐linac
Authors: Oolbekkink Stijn , Wolthaus Jochem W. H. , van Asselen Bram , van den Dobbelsteen Madelon , Raaymakers Bas W. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundFor the development and validation of dynamic treatment modalities and processes on the MR‐linac, independent measurements should be performed that validate dose delivery and linac behavior at a high temporal resolution. To achieve this, a detector with both high temporal and spatial resolution is necessary.PurposeThis study investigates the suitability of a Delta4 Phantom+ MR (Delta4) detector array for time‐resolved dosimetry in the 1.5 T MR‐linac and characterizes the Delta4's performance with dynamic dose delivery, such as beam gating and field modulation during radiation.MethodsA Delta4 detector was used, including software for time‐resolved dosimetry. First validation experiments were performed and compared to reference measurements. Subsequently, demonstrator measurements were performed to show use cases of the Delta4's time‐resolved dose readouts. An example of such an experiment is the determination of the field speed during a sliding window experiment, traveling between 0.7 and 6.8 cm/s in the cranial‐caudal direction.ResultsValidation experiments of the dose reproducibility and dose rate dependency showed no difference relative to the standard static delivery. The field speed measured by the Delta4 showed an average field speed difference of −0.3% relative to MR‐linac log files. The Delta4 was capable of measuring the dose with high accuracy and temporal resolution during dynamic radiation delivery.ConclusionThe Delta4 can be used for time‐resolved dosimetry in a 1.5 T MR‐linac.
Predicting Polyolefin Microstructure: A Parallelized Multidimensional Model for Metallocene‐Catalyzed Copolymerization of Propylene and 1‐Decene
Authors: Herrero Franco , Brandolin Adriana , Sarmoria Claudia , Asteasuain Mariano 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis work explores the copolymerization of propylene and 1‐decene using homogeneous metallocene catalysts to optimize polyolefin functionalization. A detailed mathematical model is developed with experimental validation employing the method of moments and probability generating functions to predict average molecular properties, the molecular weight distribution, the copolymer composition distribution, and the joint molecular weight distribution‐copolymer composition distribution. To efficiently handle computational resources, the model code is parallelized. This comprehensive model allows for explaining in detail the copolymer's microstructure under various semibatch reactor conditions. Moreover, the model is a powerful tool for selecting reaction conditions to synthesize materials with desired properties.
ShK‐modified UCMSCs Inhibit M1‐Like Macrophage Polarization and Alleviate Osteoarthritis Progression via PI3K/Akt Axis
Authors: Wu Wenshu , An Xueying , Gong Wang , Yang Lin , Liu Na , Liu Bin , Guo Baosheng , Jiang Qing , Li Lan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe potassium channel Kv1.3 plays an important role in regulating immune cell functions in many inflammatory diseases whereas rarely in osteoarthritis (OA). Here, it is demonstrated that the Kv1.3 of macrophages is upregulated in response to LPS stimulation, as well as in human OA synovium samples than non‐OA. Administration of Stichodactyla toxin (ShK), a Kv1.3 blocker, significantly inhibited cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation in animal models of OA in vivo by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization and reducing the production of inflammatory factors. In this study, a transgenically engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) delivery system is developed that secreted a peptide ShK, a Kv1.3 potassium blocker, into the knee articular cavity. Collectively, the results identified Kv1.3 as a potential therapeutic target for OA and demonstrated the efficacy of using ShK transgenic engineered UCMSCs as a delivery for the peptide in OA treatment.
Concurrent Amplification of Ferroptosis and Immune System Activation Via Nanomedicine‐Mediated Radiosensitization for Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Aishajiang Reyida , Liu Zhongshan , Liang Yuan , Du Pengye , Wei Yi , Zhuo Xiqian , Liu Shuyu , Lei Pengpeng , Wang Tiejun , Yu Duo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRadiation therapy (RT) is one of the core therapies for current cancer management. However, the emergence of radioresistance has become a major cause of radiotherapy failure and disease progression. Therefore, overcoming radioresistance to achieve highly effective treatment for refractory tumors is significant yet challenging. Here, pH‐responsive DSPE‐PEoz modified hollow Bi2Se3‐RSL3/diABZi (DP‐HBN/RA) nanomedicine is designed as a radiation sensitizer for efficient treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer by simultaneously amplifying ferroptosis and immune system activation. DP‐HBN/RA can efficiently concentrate X‐ray radiation energy inside the tumor, thereby promoting precise ionizing radiation exposure in tumor cells to produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to lipid peroxidation‐induced ferroptosis. Meanwhile, ferroptotic cell death is intensified through the inactivation of GPX4 by RSL3 released from DP‐HBN/RA to acidic conditions in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, DP‐HBN/RA enhances RT efficacy to exacerbate unrepairable DNA damage and release DNA fragments that activate the cGAS‐STING signal pathway, evoking a systematic immune response. Ingeniously, the released diABZi reinforces cGAS‐STING activation to boost the immunology antitumor effect. This work links the induction of ferroptosis and the initiation of systematic immune response to achieve highly effective tumor suppression, which opens up new avenues for future treatments of refractory tumors.
Boron Clusters Escort Doxorubicin Squashing Into Exosomes and Overcome Drug Resistance
Authors: Bao Yi‐Ru , Chen Yi‐Jing , Deng Xue‐Fan , Wang Yi‐Ke , Zhang Yu‐Xin , Xu Li‐Li , Huang Wei‐Hua , Cheng Shi‐Bo , Zhang Hai‐Bo , Xie Min 
Published: December 2024

AbstractExosome‐based drug delivery holds significant promise for cancer chemotherapy. However, current methods for loading drugs into exosomes are inefficient and cost‐prohibitive for practical application. In this study, boron clusters are mixed with doxorubicin (DOX) and exosomes, enabling the efficient encapsulation of DOX into exosomes through a superchaotropic effect. Exosomes loaded with DOX and boron clusters (EDB) exhibit superior permeability and the ability to deliver higher concentrations of DOX into DOX‐resistant breast cancer cells. Mechanistic analysis reveals that boron clusters form a supramolecular complex with DOX, which facilitates sustained drug release and effectively inhibits P‐glycoprotein‐mediated DOX efflux. As a result, EDB significantly enhance apoptosis in DOX‐resistant breast cancer cells and suppress tumor growth in cases where DOX alone is ineffective, thereby extending the survival of nude mice. In summary, boron clusters effectively facilitate the incorporation of DOX into exosomes and inhibit DOX efflux, offering a novel strategy to overcome DOX resistance.
Advanced Bionic 3D Interfacial Solar Steam Generator With One‐way Water Supply for Highly Efficient Desalination and Oil‐Fouling Prevention
Authors: Bu Yiming , Li Xin , Lei Weiwei , Yang Hongjun , Xu Weilin , Han Qi , Li Jingliang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInterfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) employed for seawater desalination and wastewater purification shows great promise to alleviate global freshwater scarcity. However, simultaneous optimization of water transfer direction in a cost‐effective and reliable ISSG to balance thermal localization, salt accumulation, and resistance to oilfouling represents a rare feat. Herein, inspired by seabird beaks for unidirectional water transfer, eco‐friendly and cost‐effective plant extracts, sodium alginate, and tannic acid, are selected for crafting an innovative Sodium Alginate‐Tannic Acid Hemispheric Evaporator (STHE). The STHE aligned with centripetally tapered channels ensures one‐directional water flow and effectively inhibits downward heat transfer, thereby boosting energy efficiency. Additionally, the integration of one‐way water supply in tapered channels with interfacial evaporation of STHE, mimicking plant transpiration, collaboratively facilitates upward water transfer for a reliable solar‐driven water evaporation rate of ≈2.26 kg m−2 h−1 under one sun irradiation. Even in a brine of 15.0 wt % solution, no salt crystals are observed on the surface of STHE. Hemispheric structure and superhydrophilicity are conducive to oil repellence. This work provides pivotal inspiration for constructing next‐generation solar generators of high‐efficiency, salt‐tolerance, and anti‐oil‐fouling.