bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relaparotomy Post Cesarean Delivery: Characteristics and Risk Factors.
Authors: Weissmann-Brenner Alina , Eran Barzilay , Raanan Meyer , Gabriel Levin , Danielle Harmatz , Amal Alakeli , Noam Domniz , Israel Yoles 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Relaparotomy following cesarean delivery (CD) is performed at a rate of 0.2-1% of CD. The objective of the present study was to identify risk factors for relaparotomy following CD, and to examine whether there is a difference in the risk of relaparotomy between CD performed during different daytimes. Methods: A retrospective study including all CD over ten years. Cases that underwent laparotomy within one week following CD were compared to those that did not. CDs for placenta accreta were excluded.Results: Sixty-four patients underwent relaparotomy following CD. In univariate analysis relaparotomy was significantly higher pregnancies following assisted-reproductive technologies (39.1%vs. 16.9%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (18.8%vs. 7%), twin pregnancies (29.7%vs. 10%), preterm deliveries (34.4%vs. 17.6%), low birthweight (2815gr vs. 3047gr), placenta previa (7.8% vs. 1.3%) low body mass index (22.4 vs. 24.5) and urgent CD (54.7% vs. 40.8%), especially during the second stage of labor. In a multivariate regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio for relaparotomy was 10.24 in CD due to placenta previa, and 5.28 in CD performed at the second stage of delivery.At relaparotomy, active bleeding was found in 50 patients (78.1%), nearly half received packed cells, 12.5% developed consumptive coagulopathy, and 17.2% needed hospitalization in the intensive care unit. 6.3% underwent a second relaparotomy, mainly due to bleeding.Conclusion: Hypertensive disease, placenta previa, and urgent CDs mainly those performed at the second stage of labor are risk factors for relaparotomy after CD.
Physical reality in asymmetrical double-slit experiments
Authors: Van Thuan Vo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The recent state-of-the-art double-slit experiments with single electrons and single photons seem to emphasize contradictable dilemma concerning the ontological physical reality in quantum physics. Because of the importance of this problem, we propose and perform another modified laser-beam asymmetrical double-slit experiment. In the results, a Feynman condition with closing mask allows to assess qualitatively the interference contributions of photons passing through one or another slit. Moreover, a definite "which-way" phenomenon has been identified with a high experimental confidence. This would be the simplest way without any disturbance of the photon beam to observe simultaneously both their path and momentum in consistency with the quantum statistical concept.
The effect of urban green roof design on beetle biodiversity
Authors: Gonsalves Sydney , Starry Olyssa , Szallies Alexander , Brenneisen Stephan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The value of urban green spaces to biodiversity conservation depends on the design and management. The importance of habitat quality and complexity to species diversity has led to the suggestion that habitat design elements—varied substrate depth, greater plant diversity, logs or stones—would support invertebrate diversity on green roofs. To evaluate this possibility, we conducted pit-fall trap sampling on three green roofs of simple design (intended primarily for stormwater management), three habitat roofs, and five ground-level green spaces, in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area. Beetles (Coleoptera) were sampled as representatives of total invertebrate diversity. Diversity was compared using sample coverage and Hill numbers to account for differences in sample intensity and fundamental differences in species diversity. Both habitat roofs and ground sites consisted of just over 20% native species, while stormwater roofs had about 5% native species, all of which were considered pests. We collected a greater abundance of beetles on the ground compared to roof sites like others have shown. However, when sample completeness is taken into account, habitat roofs had greater Shannon diversity compared to both ground and stormwater roof sites. Habitat roofs had the fewest dominant species representing 5% or more of total abundance, but also the lowest percent of species represented by singletons (27%). These results indicate that green roofs can support different beetle communities compared to those present at ground-level urban green spaces; our results also support previous findings that biodiverse design can reliably increase green roof diversity compared to more simply designed roofs.
Detection of Plasmodium Falciparum in Laboratory and Naturally Infected Mosquitoes Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Da Dari F. , McCabe Ruth , Somé Bernard M. , Esperança Pedro M. , Sala Kasia , Blight Josua , Blagborough Andrew M. , Dowell Floyd , Yerbanga Serge R. , Lefèvre Thierry , Mouline Karine , Dabiré Roch K. , Churcher Thomas S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There is an urgent need for high throughput, affordable methods of detecting pathogens inside insect vectors to facilitate surveillance. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has shown promise to detect arbovirus and malaria in the laboratory but has not been evaluated in field conditions. Here we investigate the ability of NIRS to identify Plasmodium falciparum in Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes. NIRS models trained on laboratory-reared mosquitoes infected with wild malaria parasites can detect the parasite in comparable mosquitoes with moderate accuracy though fails to detect oocysts or sporozoites in naturally infected field caught mosquitoes. Models trained on field mosquitoes were unable to predict the infection status of other field mosquitoes. Restricting analyses to mosquitoes of uninfectious and highly-infectious status did improve predictions suggesting sensitivity and specificity may be better in mosquitoes with higher numbers of parasites. Detection of infection appears restricted to homogenous groups of mosquitoes diminishing NIRS utility for detecting malaria within mosquitoes.
Study on the Mechanism of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Polysaccharides in Relieving Liver Injury of Broilers Induced by Fluorophenicol
Authors: Geng Yumeng , Lu Chunyu , Jin Guozhong , Li Shuying , Cui Yuqing , Han Chao , Shi Wanyu , Bao Yongzhan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to explore the transcriptomics and proteomics targets and pathways of Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides (SMPs) alleviating florfenicol (FFC)-induced liver injury in broilers,60 1-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group ( GP1) was fed tap water, FFC model (GP2) was given tap water containing FFC 0.15 g/L, and SMPs treatment group (GP3) was given tap water containing FFC 0.15 g/L and SMPs 5 g/L.Starting from 1 day of age, the drug was administered continuously for 5 days. On the 6th day, blood was collected from the heart and the liver was taken. Then 3 chickens were randomly taken from each group, and their liver tissues were aseptically removed and placed in an enzyme-free tube. Using high-throughput mRNA sequencing and TMT-labeled quantitative proteomics technology, the transcriptome and proteome of the three groups of broiler liver were analyzed respectively. The results of the study showed that the liver tissue morphology of the chicks in the GP1 and GP3 groups was complete, and there were no obvious necrotic cells in the liver cells. The liver tissue cells in the GP2 group showed obvious damage, the intercellular space increased, and the liver cells showed extensive vacuolation and steatosis. Compared with the GP1 group, the daily gain of chicks in the GP2 group was significantly reduced (P < 0.0 5 or P < 0.01). Compared with the GP2 group, the GP3 group significantly increased the daily gain of chicks (P <0.0 5 or P <0.01). Compared with the GP1 group, the serum levels of ALT, AST, liver LPO, ROS and IL-6 in the GP2 group were significantly increased (P < 0.0 5 or P < 0.01), and the contents of T-AOC, GSH-PX, IL-4 and IL-10 in the liver were significantly decreased (P < 0.0 5 o r P < 0.01). After SMPs treatment, the serum levels of ALT, AST, liver LPO, ROS and IL-6 were significantly reduced (P < 0.0 5 or P < 0.01), and the contents of T-AOC, GSH-PX, IL-4 and IL-10 in the liver were significantly increased (P < 0.0 5 or P < 0.01). There were 380 mRNA and 178 protein differentially expressed between GP2 group and GP3 group. Part of DEGs was randomly selected for QPCR verification, and the expression results of randomly selected FABP1, SLC16A1, GPT2, AACS and other genes were verified by QPCR to be consistent with the sequencing results, which demonstrated the accuracy of transcriptation-associated proteomics sequencing. The results showed that SMPs could alleviate the oxidative stress and inflammatory damage caused by FFC in the liver of chicken and restore the normal function of the liver. SMPs may alleviate the liver damage caused by FFC by regulating the drug metabolism - cytopigment P450, PPAR signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, glutathione metabolism and other pathways.
Model-Free Adaptive Nonlinear Control of the Absorption Refrigeration System
Authors: Dong Na , Lv Wenjin , Zhu Shuo , Gao Zhong-ke , Grebogi Celso 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Based on the model-free adaptive control (MFAC) theory, the temperature tracking control problem of single-effect LiBr/H 2 O absorption chiller is explored. Due to the complex nonlinearity and strong coupling characteristics of the absorption refrigeration system, model-free adaptive control strategy is designed for its temperature tracking control. Nevertheless, the traditional model-free adaptive control has a slow tracking speed and poor denoising ability. In order to improve its control effect, output error rate is added to the objective function and new control laws of model-free adaptive control with output error rate (MFAC-OER) have been derived through an exhaustive convergence and stability analysis. The input and output information of the absorption refrigeration system, namely the hot water pump frequency and frozen water outlet water temperature, are combined. The data model of the absorption refrigeration system is subsequently deduced using a compact format dynamic linearization method. Next, based on the single effect absorption chiller experimental platform in our laboratory, its sixth-order dynamic model is built. Finally, the effectiveness and practicability of the improved control strategy are validated by numerical simulations and experimental operating data from our laboratory as well as by the dynamical model of the absorption chiller.
One-year Incidence and Standardized Mortality Rates for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Uganda
Authors: Okello Samson , BYARUHANGA Emmanuel B. , LUMORI Boniface Amanee Elias , AKELLO Suzan Joan , DWOMOH Emmanuel , OPIO Christopher Kenneth , OCAMA Ponsiano , MUYINDIKE Winnie R. , DAVID Christiani C. , COREY Kathleen E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Little is known about the survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer in resource limited settings.Objectives: We sought to determine the incidence of one-year all-cause mortality and age-standardized mortality rates for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Uganda.Methods: Prospective cohort of 92 participants with histologically confirmed esophageal squamous cell cancer at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, southwestern Uganda. Participants were enrolled between January 2018 and March 2020 and followed until death. We used Kaplan-Meier methods to determine all-cause mortality and median survival time; Cox regression to determine predictors of survival; and determined age-standardized mortality rates (SMR) using the WHO standard population. Results: All 92 participants contributed a total 353.8 months at risk, 89 (96.7%) died representing an incidence rate of 251.5 (95% CI 204.3, 309.6) per 1000 person-months. The difference in the one-year risk of all-cause mortality among men and women was negative 6.4 percentage points. The overall SMR was 9.96 (95%CI 7.63, 12.29) per 100,000 and median survival time was 3.03 (95% CI 2.60, 3.47), shortest (1.77 months) among men younger than 45 and longest (7.77 months) among women aged 75 years or greater. In a fully adjusted model, high socioeconomic status predicted longer survival while increasing age and low socioeconomic status predicted shorter survival.Conclusion: After diagnosis, the one-year incidence rates of all-cause mortality and age-standardized mortality rates among ESCC patients in rural Uganda are high. Initiatives to improve access to oncology care for diagnosis and treatment should be prioritized to improve overall survival.
Phase-Separating Peptides for Direct Cytosolic Delivery and Redox-Activated Release of Macromolecular Therapeutics.
Authors: Sun Yue , Lau Sze Yi , Lim Zhi Wei , Chang Shi Chieh , Ghadessy Farid , Partridge Anthony , Miserez Ali 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Biomacromolecules are highly promising therapeutic modalities to treat various diseases. However, they suffer from poor cellular membrane permeability, limiting their access to intracellular targets. Strategies to overcome this challenge employ nanoscale carriers that often get trapped in endosome compartments. Here, we report on conjugated peptides forming pH- and redox-responsive coacervate microdroplets by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) that readily cross the cell membrane. A wide range of macromolecules can be quickly recruited within the microdroplets, from small peptides to enzymes as large as 430 kDa to mRNAs. The therapeutic-loaded coacervates bypass endocytosis to directly enter in the cytosol, where they undergo glutathione-mediated release of payload whose bioactivity is retained in the cell, whereas mRNAs exhibit a high transfection efficiency. These peptide coacervates represent a promising platform for intracellular delivery of a large palette of macromolecular therapeutics that have potential in the treatment of various pathologies (e.g. cancers and metabolic diseases), or as carriers for mRNA-based vaccines.
Macaque Neuron Instance Segmentation only with Point Annotations based on Multiscale Fully Convolutional Regression Neural Network
Authors: YOU Zhenzhen , Jiang Ming , Shi Zhenghao , Shi Cheng , Du Shuangli , Liang Jimin , Hérard Anne-Sophie , Jan Caroline , Souedet Nicolas , Delzescaux Thierry 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the field of biomedicine, instance segmentation / individualization is important in analyzing the number, the morphology and the distribution of neurons for the whole slide images. Traditionally, biologists apply stereology technique to manually count the number of neurons in the regions of interest and estimate the number in anatomical regions or the entire brain. This is very tedious and time-consuming. In this paper, we propose a multiscale fully convolutional regression neural network combined with competitive region growing technique to individualize size-varying and touching neurons in major anatomical regions of macaque brain. Given that neuron instance or contour annotations are infeasible to obtain in certain regions, such as dentate gyrus where thousands of touching neurons are present, we ask expert to perform point annotations in the center location of neurons (noted as neuron centroids) for training. Thanks to the multiscale resolution achieved by parallel multiple receptive fields and different network depths, our proposed network succeeds in detecting the centroids of size-varying and touching neurons. Competitive region growing is then applied on these centroids to achieve neuron instance segmentation. Experiments on macaque brain data suggest that our proposed method outperform the state-of-the-art methods in terms of neuron instance segmentation performance. To our knowledge, this is the first deep learning research work to individualize size-varying and touching neurons only using point annotations in major anatomical regions in the macaque brain. The cartographic representation of the number and the average orientation of neurons illustrates the synthesis of multi-gigabyte image information in the form of cartography, and shows the characteristics of different anatomical regions from mesoscopic level.
Multi-biological Classification for the Diagnosis of Schizophrenia Using Multi-classifier, Multi-feature Selection and Multi-cross Validation: an Integrated Machine Learning Framework Study
Authors: Ke Peng-fei , Xiong Dong-sheng , Li Jia-hui , Li Shi-jia , Song Jie , Chen Xiao-yi , Zhou Jing , Li Gui-xiang , Chen Jun , Li Xiao-bo , Ning Yu-ping , Wu Feng-chun , Wu Kai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Finding effective and objective biomarkers to inform the diagnosis of schizophrenia is of great importance yet remains challenging. However, there is relatively little work on multi-biological data for the diagnosis of schizophrenia. This was a cross-sectional study in which we extracted multiple features from three types of biological data including gut microbiota data, blood data, and electroencephalogram data. Then, an integrated framework of machine learning, consisting of five classifiers, three feature selection algorithms, and four cross-validation methods was used to discriminate patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls. Our results showed that the performance of the classifier using multi-biological data was better than that of the classifiers using single biological data, with 91.7% accuracy and 96.5% AUC. The most discriminative features (top 5%) for the classification include gut microbiota features (Lactobacillus, Haemophilus, and Prevotella), blood features (superoxide dismutase, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil), and electroencephalogram features (nodal local efficiency, nodal efficiency, and nodal shortest path length in the temporal and frontal-parietal areas).The proposed integrated framework may be help in understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and developing biomarkers for schizophrenia using multi-biological data.
Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 (STIM1) Knock-down Attenuates Migration and Proliferation and Enhances the Expression of Thyroid Specific Proteins in Human Follicular Thyroid Cancer Cells.
Authors: Asghar Muhammad Yasir , Lassila Taru , Paatero Ilkka , Nguyen Van Dien , Kronqvist Pauliina , Zhang Jixi , Slita Anna , Löf Christoffer , Zhou You , Rosenholm Jessica , Törnquist Kid 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and the ORAI1 calcium channel mediate store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and regulate a multitude of cellular functions. The identity and function of these proteins in thyroid cancer remained elusive. We show that STIM1 and ORAI1 expression is elevated in thyroid cancer cell lines, compared with primary thyroid cells. Knock-down of STIM1 or ORAI1 attenuated SOCE, reduced migration, and expression of promigratory sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and vascular endothelial growth factor-2 (VEGFR2) receptors in thyroid cancer ML-1 cells. Cell proliferation was attenuated in these knock-down cells due to increased G1 phase of the cell cycle and enhanced expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory proteins p21 and p27. STIM1 protein was upregulated in thyroid cancer tissue, compared with normal tissue. Downregulation of STIM1 restored expression of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), thyroid specific proteins and increased iodine uptake. STIM1 knockdown ML-1 cells were more susceptible to chemotherapeutic drugs, and significantly reduced tumor growth in Zebrafish. Furthermore, STIM1-siRNA-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles attenuated migration and proliferation of ML-1 cells. Taken together, our data suggest that STIM1 is a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for treatment of thyroid cancer.
Meta-analysis of unipolar and bipolar hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures
Authors: Dong Xiaoming , Li Wei , Qu Wenrui , Xu Meng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Femoral neck fracture is a common fracture in the elderly. Improper treatment seriously impacts the patient and could potentially shorten their lifespan. Hemi-arthroplasty is a common treatment for femoral neck fractures, but the selection of unipolar prosthesis or bipolar prosthesis is still a controversial issue. Therefore, we conducted this comprehensive meta-analysis to compare the outcomes of unipolar and bipolar prostheses.
Methods

We searched the PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing unipolar hemiarthroplasty and bipolar hemiarthroplasty. The revised Jadad scale or Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. After data extraction, continuous data were expressed as standardized mean differences and binary data were expressed as odds ratio. The postoperative infection, mortality, acetabular erosion rate, dislocation rate, and Harris hip score were compared and analyzed with Stata software.
Results

Nineteen studies that compared unipolar and bipolar replacement were included in the meta-analysis. We found no significant differences in the postoperative infection, mortality, dislocation rate, or Harris hip score between unipolar and bipolar replacement. The rate of acetabular erosion in the unipolar group was slightly higher than that in the bipolar group.
Conclusions

Existing studies have revealed that bipolar hemiarthroplasty is superior to unipolar hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in terms of acetabular erosion.
High-dose Radiation Associated with Improved Survival in IDH-wildtype Low-grade Glioma
Authors: Liu Shuai , Liu Yanwei , Li Guanzhang , Feng Jin , Chen Li , Qiu Xiaoguang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PurposeAs molecular advances have deepened the knowledge on low-grade glioma (LGG), we investigated the effect of higher radiation dose on the survival of IDH-wildtype (IDHwt) LGG.MethodsIn the current study, 52 IDHwt LGG patients who received radiotherapy were enrolled from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas dataset. Radiation doses > 54 Gy were defined as high-dose, whereas doses ≤ 54 Gy were defined as low-dose. We performed univariate and multivariate survival analyses to examine the prognostic role of high-dose radiotherapy.ResultsIn total, the radiation dose ranged from 48.6 Gy to 61.2 Gy, with a median of 55.8 Gy, and 31 patients were grouped into high-dose radiation. Univariate survival analysis indicated that high-dose radiotherapy (p = 0.015), tumors located in the frontal lobe (p = 0.009), and pathology of astrocytoma (p = 0.037) were significantly prognostic factors for overall survival. In multivariate survival analysis, high-dose radiotherapy (p = 0.028) and tumors located in the frontal lobe (p = 0.016) were independently associated with better overall survival.ConclusionIn conclusion, high-dose radiotherapy independently improved the survival of IDHwt LGG. This can guide treatments for glioma with known molecular characteristics.