bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of mega‐environments for grain sorghum in Brazil using GGE biplot methodology
Authors: da Silva Karla Jorge , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo , da Silva Michele Jorge , Teodoro Larissa Pereira Ribeiro , Cardoso Milton José , Godinho Vicente de Paulo Campos , Mota José Hortêncio , Simon Gustavo André , Tardin Flávio Dessaune , da Silva Adelmo Resende , Guedes Fernando Lisboa , de Menezes Cicero Beserra 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe performance of genotypes in a wide range of environments can be affected by extensive genotype × environment (G × E) interactions, making the subdivision of the testing environments into relatively more homogeneous groups of locations (mega‐environments) a necessary strategy. The genotype main effects + genotype × environment interaction biplot method (GGE) allows identification of mega‐environments and selection of stable genotypes adapted to specific environments and mega‐environments. The objectives of this study were to identify mega‐environments regarding sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] grain yield and demonstrate that the GGE biplot method can identify essential locations for conducting tests in different mega‐environments. A total of 22 competition trials of grain sorghum genotypes were conducted over three crop seasons across several production locations in Brazil. A total of 25, 22, and 30 genotypes were evaluated during the first, second, and third crop seasons, respectively. After identifying the presence of G × E interactions, the data were subjected to adaptability and stability analyses using the GGE biplot method. A phenotypic correlation network was used to express functional relationships between environments. The GGE biplot was found to be an efficient approach for identifying three mega‐environments in grain sorghum in Brazil, selecting representative and discriminative environments, and recommending more adaptive and stable grain sorghum genotypes.
Heritage connector: A machine learning framework for building linked open data from museum collections
Authors: Dutia Kalyan , Stack John 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs with almost all data, museum collection catalogues are largely unstructured, variable in consistency and overwhelmingly composed of thin records. The form of these catalogues means that the potential for new forms of research, access and scholarly enquiry that range across multiple collections and related datasets remains dormant. In the project Heritage Connector: Transforming text into data to extract meaning and make connections, we are applying a battery of digital techniques to connect similar, identical and related objects within and across collections and other publications. In this article, we describe a framework to create a Linked Open Data knowledge graph from digital museum catalogues, perform record linkage to Wikidata, and add new entities to this graph from textual catalogue record descriptions (information retrieval). We focus on the use of machine learning to create these links at scale with a small amount of labelled data, and models which are small enough to run inference on datasets the size of museum collections on a mid‐range laptop or a small cloud virtual machine. Our method for record linkage against Wikidata achieves 85%+ precision with the Science Museum Group (SMG) collection, and our method for information retrieval is shown to improve NER performance compared with pretrained models on the SMG collection with no labelled training data. We publish open‐source software providing tools to perform these tasks.
Beyond nephronophthisis: Retinal dystrophy in the absence of kidney dysfunction in childhood expands the clinical spectrum of CEP83 deficiency
Authors: Veldman Bram C. F. , Kuper Willemijn F. E. , Lilien Marc , Schuurs‐Hoeijmakers Janneke H. M. , Marcelis Carlo , Phan Milan , Hettinga Ymkje , Talsma Herman E. , van Hasselt Peter M. , Haijes Hanneke A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe CEP83 protein is an essential part in the first steps of ciliogenesis, causing a ciliopathy if deficient. As a core component of the distal appendages of the centriole, CEP83 is located in almost all cell types and is involved in the primary cilium assembly. Previously reported CEP83 deficient patients all presented with nephronophthisis and kidney dysfunction. Despite retinal degeneration being a common feature in ciliopathies, only one patient also had retinitis. Here, we present two unrelated patients, who both presented with retinitis pigmentosa, without nephronophthisis or any form of kidney dysfunction. Both patients harbor bi‐allelic variants in CEP83. This report expands the current clinical spectrum of CEP83 deficiency. For timely diagnosis of CEP83 deficiency, we advocate that CEP83 should be included in gene panels for inherited retinal diseases.
Auto‐brewery syndrome caused by oral fungi and periodontal disease bacteria
Authors: Takahashi Gaku , Hoshikawa Koichi , Kan Shigenori , Akimaru Rise , Kodama Yoshiyuki , Sato Toshiro , Kakisaka Keisuke , Yamada Yuki 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundAuto‐brewery syndrome (ABS) is often caused by fungi in the intestinal tract. We describe a rare case of alcohol production by Candida albicans and periodontal disease bacteria in the oral cavity.Case PresentationA man aged in his 60s had a car accident, and alcohol was detected on his breath. At the time, he exhibited alcohol overdose seizures with no alcohol consumption. We carried out a gastrointestinal endoscopy, detected esophageal candidiasis, and diagnosed ABS. His seizures continued despite using miconazole oral gel. Significant tooth decay, periodontal disease, and high C. albicans levels were observed in his oral cavity. Alcohol production was confirmed from periodontal bacteria and C. albicans cultures and alcohol‐degrading enzyme functions were poor. Dental treatment and antifungal drugs reduced seizures, and improved his fatty liver.ConclusionAlcohol can be produced by microorganisms in healthy individuals. Therefore, blood alcohol levels and alcohol‐degrading enzyme functions should be examined in patients with unexplained liver dysfunction.
Genomewide Association Studies of LRRK2 Modifiers of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Lai Dongbing , Alipanahi Babak , Fontanillas Pierre , Schwantes‐An Tae‐Hwi , Aasly Jan , Alcalay Roy N. , Beecham Gary W. , Berg Daniela , Bressman Susan , Brice Alexis , Brockman Kathrin , Clark Lorraine , Cookson Mark , Das Sayantan , Van Deerlin Vivianna , Follett Jordan , Farrer Matthew J. , Trinh Joanne , Gasser Thomas , Goldwurm Stefano , Gustavsson Emil , Klein Christine , Lang Anthony E. , Langston J. William , Latourelle Jeanne , Lynch Timothy , Marder Karen , Marras Connie , Martin Eden R. , McLean Cory Y. , Mejia‐Santana Helen , Molho Eric , Myers Richard H. , Nuytemans Karen , Ozelius Laurie , Payami Haydeh , Raymond Deborah , Rogaeva Ekaterina , Rogers Michael P. , Ross Owen A. , Samii Ali , Saunders‐Pullman Rachel , Schüle Birgitt , Schulte Claudia , Scott William K. , Tanner Caroline , Tolosa Eduardo , Tomkins James E. , Vilas Dolores , Trojanowski John Q. ,   The 23andMe Research Team, Uitti Ryan , Vance Jeffery M. , Visanji Naomi P. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Zabetian Cyrus P. , Mirelman Anat , Giladi Nir , Orr Urtreger Avi , Cannon Paul , Fiske Brian , Foroud Tatiana 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to search for genes/variants that modify the effect of LRRK2 mutations in terms of penetrance and age‐at‐onset of Parkinson's disease.MethodsWe performed the first genomewide association study of penetrance and age‐at‐onset of Parkinson's disease in LRRK2 mutation carriers (776 cases and 1,103 non‐cases at their last evaluation). Cox proportional hazard models and linear mixed models were used to identify modifiers of penetrance and age‐at‐onset of LRRK2 mutations, respectively. We also investigated whether a polygenic risk score derived from a published genomewide association study of Parkinson's disease was able to explain variability in penetrance and age‐at‐onset in LRRK2 mutation carriers.ResultsA variant located in the intronic region of CORO1C on chromosome 12 (rs77395454; p value = 2.5E‐08, beta = 1.27, SE = 0.23, risk allele: C) met genomewide significance for the penetrance model. Co‐immunoprecipitation analyses of LRRK2 and CORO1C supported an interaction between these 2 proteins. A region on chromosome 3, within a previously reported linkage peak for Parkinson's disease susceptibility, showed suggestive associations in both models (penetrance top variant: p value = 1.1E‐07; age‐at‐onset top variant: p value = 9.3E‐07). A polygenic risk score derived from publicly available Parkinson's disease summary statistics was a significant predictor of penetrance, but not of age‐at‐onset.InterpretationThis study suggests that variants within or near CORO1C may modify the penetrance of LRRK2 mutations. In addition, common Parkinson's disease associated variants collectively increase the penetrance of LRRK2 mutations. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:82–94
Eine modulare In‐vitro‐Plattform für die Produktion von Terpenen und Polyketiden aus CO2
Authors: Sundaram Srividhya , Diehl Christoph , Cortina Niña Socorro , Bamberger Jan , Paczia Nicole , Erb Tobias J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEines der Ziele für die Realisierung nachhaltiger chemischer Syntheseverfahren ist die direkte Nutzung des Treibhausgases CO2 als Rohstoff für die Produktion von Grund‐ und Feinchemikalien, wie z. B. Pharmazeutika, Duftstoffe und Lebensmittelzusatzstoffe. In dieser Studie präsentieren wir eine modulare In‐vitro‐Plattform für die kontinuierliche Umwandlung von CO2 in komplexe Kohlenstoff‐Verbindungen, wie Monoterpene (C10), Sesquiterpene (C15) und Polyketide. Durch Kombination von natürlichen und synthetischen Stoffwechselwegen etablierten wir eine neue Route von CO2 zu den Schlüsselintermediaten Acetyl‐ und Malonyl‐CoA, welche anschließend durch verschiedene Terpen‐ und Polyketidsynthasen diversifiziert werden können. In unserer Machbarkeitsstudie demonstrieren wir die Kombination verschiedener Stoffwechselmodule mit bis zu 29 Enzymen in einem Ansatz. Dies ebnet den Weg für die weitere Entwicklung und Optimierung von Syntheserouten für die Erzeugung komplexer CO2‐basierter Chemikalien.
Controlling Catenation in Germanium(I) Chemistry through Hemilability
Authors: Caise Alexa , Griffin Liam P. , Heilmann Andreas , McManus Caitilín , Campos Jesús , Aldridge Simon 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe present a novel approach for constructing chains of Group 14 metal atoms linked by unsupported metal–metal bonds that exploits hemilabile ligands to generate unsaturated metal sites. The formation/nature of catenated species (oligo‐dimetallynes) can be controlled by the use of (acidic/basic) “protecting groups” and through variation of the ligand scaffold. Reduction of ArNiPr2GeCl (ArNiPr2=2,6‐(iPr2NCH2)2C6H3)—featuring hemilabile NiPr2 donors—yields (ArNiPr2Ge)4 (2), which contains a tetrameric Ge4 chain. 2 represents a novel type of a linear homo‐catenated GeI compound featuring unsupported E−E bonds. Trapping experiments reveal that a key structural component is the central two‐way Ge=Ge donor‐acceptor bond: reactions with IMe4 and W(CO)5(NMe3) give the base‐ or acid‐stabilized digermynes (ArNiPr2Ge(IMe4))2 (4) and (ArNiPr2Ge{W(CO)5})2 (5), respectively. The use of smaller N‐donors leads to stronger Ge‐N interactions and quenching of catenation behaviour: reduction of ArNEt2GeCl gives the digermyne (ArNEt2Ge)2, while the unsymmetrical system ArNEt2GeGeArNiPr2 dimerizes to give tetranuclear (ArNEt2GeGeArNiPr2)2 through aggregation at the NiPr2‐ligated GeI centres.
Low‐Dimensional Inorganic Tin Perovskite Solar Cells Prepared by Templated Growth
Authors: Li Hansheng , Jiang Xianyuan , Wei Qi , Zang Zihao , Ma Mingyu , Wang Fei , Zhou Wenjia , Ning Zhijun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe manipulation of the dimensionality and nanostructures based on the precise control of the crystal growth kinetics boosts the flourishing development of perovskite optoelectronic materials and devices. Herein, a low‐dimensional inorganic tin halide perovskite, CsSnBrI2−x(SCN)x, with a mixed 2D and 3D structure is fabricated. A kinetic study indicates that Sn(SCN)2 and phenylethylamine hydroiodate can form a 2D perovskite structure that acts as a template for the growth of the 3D perovskite CsSnBrI2−x(SCN)x. The film shows an out‐of‐plane orientation and a large grain size, giving rise to reduced defect density, superior thermostability, and oxidation resistance. A solar cell based on this low‐dimensional film reaches a power conversion efficiency of 5.01 %, which is the highest value for CsSnBrxI3−x perovskite solar cells. Furthermore, the device shows enhanced stability in ambient air.
A Modular In Vitro Platform for the Production of Terpenes and Polyketides from CO2
Authors: Sundaram Srividhya , Diehl Christoph , Cortina Niña Socorro , Bamberger Jan , Paczia Nicole , Erb Tobias J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA long‐term goal in realizing a sustainable biocatalysis and organic synthesis is the direct use of the greenhouse gas CO2 as feedstock for the production of bulk and fine chemicals, such as pharmaceuticals, fragrances and food additives. Here we developed a modular in vitro platform for the continuous conversion of CO2 into complex multi‐carbon compounds, such as monoterpenes (C10), sesquiterpenes (C15) and polyketides. Combining natural and synthetic metabolic pathway modules, we established a route from CO2 into the key intermediates acetyl‐ and malonyl‐CoA, which can be subsequently diversified through the action of different terpene and polyketide synthases. Our proof‐of‐principle study demonstrates the simultaneous operation of different metabolic modules comprising of up to 29 enzymes in one pot, which paves the way for developing and optimizing synthesis routes for the generation of complex CO2‐based chemicals in the future.
MR spectroscopy in breast cancer metabolomics
Authors: Sharma Uma , Jagannathan Naranamangalam R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBreast cancer poses a significant health care challenge worldwide requiring early detection and effective treatment strategies for better patient outcome. A deeper understanding of the breast cancer biology and metabolism may help developing better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Metabolomic studies give a comprehensive analysis of small molecule metabolites present in human tissues in vivo. The changes in the level of these metabolites provide information on the complex mechanism of the development of the disease and its progression. Metabolomic approach using analytical techniques such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has evolved as an important tool for identifying clinically relevant metabolic biomarkers. The metabolic characterization of breast lesions using in‐vivo MRS has shown that malignant breast tissues contain elevated levels of choline containing compounds (tCho), suggesting rapid proliferation of cancer cells and alterations in membrane metabolism. Also, tCho has been identified as one of the important biomarkers that help to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and also for monitoring treatment response. Further, metabolome of malignant tissues can be studied using ex vivo and in vitro MRS at high magnetic fields. This provided the advantage of detection of a large number of compounds that facilitated more comprehensive insight into the altered metabolic pathways associated with the cancer development and progression and also in identification of several metabolites as potential biomarkers. This article briefly reviews the role of MRS based metabolic profiling in the discovery of biomarkers and understanding of the altered metabolism in breast cancer.
Denver Water and the Lean Methodology: Enhancing Stakeholder Input for Major Infrastructure Design
Authors: Marquez Adam A.B. , McCormick Peter J. 
Published: May 2021

Key TakeawaysSo that employees are empowered to assess workplace issues and implement a continuous‐improvement framework, Denver Water adopted the Lean methodology in 2011.With its goal of renewing or replacing aging infrastructure, Denver Water designed Northwater Treatment Plant as a key element in its North System Renewal Program.Denver Water held Lean‐supported workshops to glean input from its key stakeholders, including several of its operational departments.Lean workshops led to rightsizing of treatment plant capacity and multiple improvements in operational and management strategies for enhanced system resilience.
Coronally Advanced Flap Combined With Sticky Bone and i‐PRF‐Coated Collagen Membrane to Treat Single Maxillary Gingival Recessions: Case Series
Authors: Kapa Bhargavi Preeti , N.K. Sowmya , G.V. Gayathri , Mehta D.S. 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionNumerous techniques have been reported in the literature for the reconstruction of gingival recession defects. The purpose of this case series was to evaluate clinically and radiographically the efficacy of sticky bone with i‐PRF‐coated collagen membrane in the treatment of gingival recession.Case SeriesSixteen patients exhibiting isolated Miller's Class I or II recession in the maxillary esthetic zone were treated using sticky bone (i‐PRF + freeze‐dried bone allograft) with i‐PRF‐coated collagen membrane using the coronally advanced flap. Clinical parameters including probing depth (PD), width of keratinized gingiva (WKG), gingival thickness (GT), and recession depth (RD) were recorded at baseline and 6 months post‐surgery. The radiographic (ST‐CBCT) measurements computed were labial plate thickness (OT1, OT3, and OT5) and GT (GT1, GT3, and GT5) at baseline and 6 months post‐treatment. Twelve out of sixteen treated cases achieved complete root coverage. An increase in GT was observed in all the cases.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this case series, sticky bone with i‐PRF‐coated collagen membrane showed promising results in the treatment of isolated maxillary Miller's Class I or II gingival recession and serves as an altered approach for root coverage procedure. However, histological analysis and larger sample size are needed to establish definitive proof of soft and hard tissue regeneration.
Silent Walk as a street mobilization: Campaigning following the Grenfell Tower fire
Authors: Tekin Selin , Drury John 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper uses ethnography and interviews with 15 participants who were actively involved in the campaign following the 2017 Grenfell Tower fire to address the question of how campaigners use street mobilization to seek justice in the aftermath of a disaster. Analysis of observations and themes suggests that campaigners used street mobilization to do two things. First, they used it to build solidarity with supporters through accessibility, the use of shared social spaces and collectively showing respect for losses. Second, they used it to protest in a way that challenged negative stereotypes and projected their power to the authorities, who could not ignore such a large and dignified mobilization. Whereas previous social psychology research on disaster communities focuses on the determinants of the immediate responses of people who experienced a disaster, we show the strategic aspects of such disaster communities. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Inhibitors of CA IX Enzyme Based on Polyhedral Boron Compounds
Authors: Kugler Michael , Nekvinda Jan , Holub Josef , El Anwar Suzan , Das Viswanath , Šícha Václav , Pospíšilová Klára , Fábry Milan , Král Vlastimil , Brynda Jiří , Kašička Václav , Hajdúch Marián , Řezáčová Pavlína , Grüner Bohumír 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis review describes recent progress in the design and development of inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) based on space‐filling carborane and cobalt bis(dicarbollide) clusters. CA IX enzyme is known to play a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation and metastases. The new class of potent and selective CA IX inhibitors combines the structural motif of a bulky inorganic cluster with an alkylsulfamido or alkylsulfonamido anchor group for Zn2+ ion in the enzyme active site. Detailed structure‐activity relationship (SAR) studies of a large series containing 50 compounds uncovered structural features of the cluster‐containing inhibitors that are important for efficient and selective inhibition of CA IX activity. Preclinical evaluation of selected compounds revealed low toxicity, favorable pharmacokinetics and ability to reduce tumor growth. Cluster‐containing inhibitors of CA IX can thus be considered as promising candidates for drug development and/or for combination therapy in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT).
Parapharyngeal tuberculoid mass: A rare complication of Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin therapy for urothelial carcinoma in situ
Authors: Plonowska‐Hirschfeld Karolina A. , Fung Monica , Glastonbury Christine , Ha Patrick K. 
Published: May 2021

Key Clinical MessageLocal and systemic complications of Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin therapy are important to recognize as they require prolonged antimicrobial therapy; molecular genomic testing may be key to diagnosis when culture data are inconclusive.
Hollow POM@MOF‐derived Porous NiMo6@Co3O4 for Biothiol Colorimetric Detection
Authors: Xu Mingqi , Li Xiao , Sha Jing‐Quan , Tong Zhibo , Li Qian , Liu Chang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDeveloping highly active and sensitive peroxidase mimics for L‐cysteine (L‐Cys) colorimetric detection is very important for biotechnology and medical diagnosis. Herein, polyoxometalate‐doped porous Co3O4 composite (NiMo6@Co3O4) was designed and prepared for the first time. Compared with pure and commercial Co3O4, NiMo6@Co3O4(n) composites exhibit the enhanced peroxidase‐mimicking activities and stabilities due to the strong synergistic effect between porous Co3O4 and multi‐electron NiMo6 clusters. Moreover, the peroxidase‐mimicking activities of NiMo6@Co3O4(n) composites are heavily dependent on the doping mass of NiMo6, and the optimized NiMo6@Co3O4(2) exhibits the superlative peroxidase‐mimicking activity. More importantly, a sensitive L‐Cys colorimetric detection is developed with the sensitivity of 0.023 μM−1 and the detection limit at least 0.018 μM in the linear range of 1–20 μM, which is by far the best enzyme‐mimetic performances, to the best our knowledge.
Exploiting Transient Radical Cations as Brønsted Acids for Allylic C–H Heteroarylation of Enol Silyl Ethers
Authors: Nakashima Tsubasa , Fujimori Haruka , Ohmatsu Kohsuke , Ooi Takashi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntermediary radical cations, generated through single‐electron oxidation of enol silyl ethers by excited Ir‐based photocatalysts, can be exploited as Brønsted acids for the activation of heteroarylcyanides. This strategy enables the direct allylic C−H heteroarylation of enol silyl ethers under visible‐light irradiation.