bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
6. COMPARISON OF PATIENT EDUCATION USING NATIVE LANGUAGE AND BAHASA TO TREATMENT COMPLIANCE FOR HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN NORTH TIWORO DISTRICT
Authors: Johan Alvin , Natalia Audrey 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Hypertension treatment compliance at the primary care level in Indonesia was around 58%. The language barrier was known to be a potential factor of hypertension treatment non-compliance.

Objective:
To determine whether educating about hypertension to the patients in their native language will improve treatment compliance than educating in Bahasa.

Method:
This was a prospective cohort study. The research was conducted in Tondasi Health Care Center from March 2019 until April 2020. Inclusion criteria were patients with newly diagnosed hypertension and can communicate in Bahasa. The patient was excluded if he/she was reported dead during this study's follow-up period. Good treatment compliance is defined by a follow-up visit to the health care center on the follow-up date that was previously agreed upon with the patients. The data was analyzed using the test of two proportions with a chi-square test of homogeneity on SPSS 24 software.

Result:
We included a total number of 80 hypertensive patients in this study. Education regarding hypertension emphasizing the importance of routine control was given verbally in the patient's native language by a translator to 40 patients. The same education material was given verbally in the Bahasa to the other 40 patients. No patient was excluded from this study. In the native language education group, 22 patients (55%) had a good treatment compliance compared to 12 patients (30%) in the Bahasa education group, a statistically significant difference in the proportion of 0.25, p = 0.024.

Conclusion:
Educating patients in their native language results in better hypertension treatment compliance.
11. PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE COMPARED TO CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE BASED ON ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY FINDINGS IN BANDUNG REGIONAL PUBLIC HOSPITAL FROM SEPTEMBER 2020-DECEMBER 2020
Authors: Cahyono Alvin Eliata , Rostiati Dini 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Hypertension was defined as SBP 140 mmHg and/or DBP 90 mmHg. The prevalence according to Indonesia Family Life Survey-5, among males and females were 31.0% and 35.4%. Hypertension could cause cardiac manifestations, including Hypertensive Heart Disease (HHD) and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). HHD was a heart response to the afterload burden on the left ventricle caused by the progression of arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance, characterized by increased left ventricular mass associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which was recommended echocardiography by ESH/ESC 2013 Guideline. This research was conducted to find out the prevalence of HHD compared to CAD based on echocardiography in Bandung Regional Public Hospital.

Methods:
This is a descriptive study. We conducted a search of echocardiograph from all inpatients and outpatients that came first time to the cardiology clinic, from September 2020-December 2020. The patients included all gender and age. Data collected included Posterior Wall (PW) thickness, Inter Ventricular Septum (IVS) thickness and Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction (LVEF). LVH was defined if the PW or IVS thickness was greater than 11 mm as measured by M-mode echocardiography. LVH with LVEF >55% was interpreted as HHD.

Results:
A total of 205 patients were analyzed. There were 75 (36.58%) diagnosed with HHD, 81 (39.52%) diagnosed with CAD, and 49 (23.90%) diagnosed with others. From 75 patients with HHD, 36 (48%) were males and 39 (52%) were females.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of HHD was 36.58%, with 48% males and 52% females. This study matched with the IFLS-5 findings.
13. GARLIC EFFECT ON REDUCE BLOOD PRESSURE AND CHOLESTEROL IN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT HYPERTENSION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Mulawarman Rido , Trifitriana Monica , Felani Muhammad Rizky , Mulawarman  , Tondas Alexander Edo 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Garlic has been linked to improved cardiovascular health. Garlic has been suggested to lower blood pressure, plasma lipids as well as an antiplatelet effect and other cardiovascular markers.

Objective:
We aim to assess the latest evidence on the effect of garlic on blood pressure and cholesterol in patients with and without hypertension through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Method:
We performed a comprehensive search on topics that assesses garlic outcomes in patients with and without hypertension from inception up until December 2020.

Results:
There were a total of 503 patients from 12 controlled trial studies. Pooled systolic blood pressure was lower in garlic group (mean difference -3.62 [-5.43, -1.80], p = <0.000001; I
2: 85%, p < 0.0001). Meta-analysis showed that diastolic blood pressure was lower in garlic group (mean difference -1.40 [-2.72, -0.08], p = <0.00001; I
2: 86%, p = 0.04) on follow-up. Total cholesterol was also lower in garlic group (mean difference -17.17 [-28.57, -5.78], p < 0.00001; I
2: 86%, p = 0.003). Level of heart rate was similar in garlic and placebo group.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis suggests that garlic is associated with reducing blood pressure and cholesterol in patients with and without hypertension. Future long-term trials are needed to elucidate the impact of garlic on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
40. THE RELATION BETWEEN INTERDIALYTIC WEIGHT GAIN AND INTRADIALYTIC HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE WITH ROUTINE HEMODIALYSIS IN PROF. DR. R.D. KANDOU GENERAL HOSPITAL MANADO
Authors: Natalia Cynthia , Sugeng Cerelia , Umboh Octavianus , Palar Stella 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathological process hallmarked by progressive decline of kidney function and most likely end up in kidney failure state. Hemodialysis (HD) is one of the main therapy for CKD, where the goal is to replace renal function in maintaining fluid and acid-base-electrolyte balance, excreting metabolism waste and controlling blood pressure. Intradialytic hypertension (IDH) is a possible complication during HD. Interdialytic Weight Gain (IDWG) is a risk factor of IDH.

Objective:
To acknowledge relation between IDWG and IDH incidence in CKD patients.

Method:
This is analytic observational cross sectional study that was carried out from November–December 2020. Patients with CKD aged ≥18 years old and had routine HD twice a week for at least 3 months. IDWG = [(current pre dialysis weight – previous post dialysis weight)/dry weight × 100%]. Dry weight was defined by body weight without clinical sign of fluid retention. IDWG were categorized into 3 groups: <3% (group I); 3.1–3.9% (group II); >3.9% (group III). IDH was defined by increasing in systolic blood pressure >10 mmHg after at least 4 of 6 consecutive HD sessions. Blood pressure was measured 30 minutes before and after HD. Patients who did not finish at least 4 HD sessions, refused informed consent, and whose body weight unobtainable were excluded. Data was analyzed using chi square with significance level of p < 0.05 and confidence interval (CI) 95%.

Result:
140 patients were included in this study (70 male, 70 female). IDH were found in all 3 IDWG groups: group I 37%, group II 80%, and group III 93.1%. Data analysis showed a significant relation between IDWG and IDH (p = 0.0001).

Conclusion:
There is a significant relation between IDWG and incidence of IDH.
46. ASSOCIATION OF LOW-CARBOHYDRATE DIETARY HABIT AND BLOOD PRESSURE
Authors: Harlyjoy Beta Canina , Widyantoro Bambang , Sukmawan Renan 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events. Several studies have shown dietary modification as one of the cornerstones in the non-pharmacological intervention in patients with hypertension. Alas, the recommended macronutrients diet is still at dispute.

Objective:
This study aimed to observe the association between the macronutrient components of dietary habit and blood pressure.

Methods:
This study was conducted in the district of Natuna, in July 2019. Dietary habit was obtained through food recall, on which each patient was thoroughly interviewed regarding their food consumption for 2 days, 1 representing weekday and 1 for the weekend. Blood pressure reading was taken 3 times, with the hypertension status was determined by the average of 2nd and 3rd readings.

Results:
Two hundred and one patients were included in this study. In our populations, the hypertension rate was 78.6%. Those with hypertension showed lower energy intake (1026: 313–3547 vs 1070: 430–3348 calories per day, p = 0.651), lower protein intake (0.65: 0.20–4.89 vs 0.75: 0.21–2.61 g/kg body weight, p = 0.238), higher fat intake (20.55 ± 7.66 vs 19.6 ± 7.37% of calories intake, p = 0.691), and slightly lower carbohydrate intake (61.56 ± 10.4 vs 61.58 ± 8.5% of calories intake, p = 0.641). Chi-square analysis found that carbohydrate intake more than 45% of daily calories was associated with hypertension (p = 0.039) with odds ratio of 4.026, 95% CI of 1.109–14.619 (p = 0.034).

Conclusion:
Carbohydrate intake more than 45% of daily calories intake is associated with hypertension.
50. BLOOD PRESSURE AT ADMISSION AS A PREDICTOR OF INCREASED LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION WITHIN 1-YEAR FOLLOW-UP IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED FOR ACUTE HEART FAILURE
Authors: Khaerani Ayu S. , Widyantoro Bambang 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Patients present with the improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) had favorable outcomes than those who maintain systolic dysfunction. Acute heart failure is a rapid development of worsening symptoms and signs of heart failure.

Objective:
We sought any predictors to improve ejection fraction, particularly those who were admitted with an acute heart failure condition.

Method:
Data from a total of 20772 patients admitted to our center from January to December 2019 were collected retrospectively from electronic medical records. Patients <18 years old who were diagnosed with chronic heart failure and previously had medical treatment in our center, no echocardiography follow-up results, and moderate-severe valvular heart disease were excluded. Patients with LVEF < 40% at admission and had LVEF ≥ 40% within 1-year follow-up considered as significant increase of ejection fraction.

Result:
Intra-hospital mortality of acute heart failure was 6.3%. Among 134 patients that met our criteria, 29.9% were aged ≥60 years old, 77.6% were males, and 69.4% had hypertension. Echocardiography follows up mostly done after 3 months. Intra-hospital treatment such as revascularization, continued by outpatient treatment such as acetylsalicylic acid, P2Y12-inhibitor, ACE-inhibitor, ivabradine, angiotensin-receptor blocker, beta-blocker, mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist, nitrates, and HMG-CoA-reductase drugs were not related, meanwhile, higher diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.035) and mean arterial pressure (p = 0.049) at admission were related.

Conclusion:
Diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were related to the improvement of ejection fraction. This may imply a recovery process of myocardial viability and systolic function by increasing perfusion and blood pressure. Further research is needed to elaborate on this result.
53. LV FILLING PRESSURE IN PATIENT WITH HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE
Authors: Widyastuti Wenny , Yanni Mefri , Maulana Giovanno R 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Patient with Hypertensive Heart Disease (HHD) could develop asymptomatic LV dysfunction, and when LV diastolic function is impaired, the patient could have heart failure even with preserved LV ejection fraction. Assessment of left ventricular filling pressure is indicator of LV diastolic dysfunction in HHD patients.

Objective:
To evaluate LV filling pressure of HHD patient in outpatient clinic of M. Djamil Hospital Padang.

Methods:
We collect data of 170 HHD patients during 2018–2019 who met inclusion criteria. Subject were categorized based on LV geometric pattern. LV filling pressure was determined from mitral velocity inflow (E/A ratio) and left atrial volume index (LAVI). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.

Results:
Most subject were female (n = 52.9%), mean age was 59.06 ± 10.5 years and no significant difference of age between groups (p = 0.36). The most LV geometric pattern was LV concentric hypertrophy (CH) (n = 60.58%). Only 10.6% subjects were symptomatic. Mean E/A ratio was 0.94 ± 0.2, highest value was in LV eccentric hypertrophy (EH) group (0.95 ± 0.3), but no significant difference between group (p = 0.603). There was significant difference of LAVI between groups (p = 0,007) with EH group have the highest value (mean 35.2 ± 12.0 ml/m2). No difference of diastolic dysfunction (p = 0.42).

Conclusion:
Majority of subject in this study were asymptomatic and have CH geometric pattern. LV filling pressure was not showed significantly from E/A ratio analysis. There was significant difference of LAVI with EH group have more higher LAVI value that showed increased LV filling pressure.
The OPRD1 rs678849 variant influences outcome of disulfiram treatment for cocaine dependency in methadone-maintained patients
Authors: Thomas Patrick S. , Nielsen Ellen M. , Spellicy Catherine J. , Harding Mark J. , Ye An , Patriquin Michelle , Hamon Sara C. , Kosten Thomas R. , Nielsen David A. 
Published: May 2021

Objective
Prior research demonstrated that the δ-opioid receptor (OPRD1) rs678849 variant influences opioid use in African Americans treated with methadone. We examined whether this variant moderated cocaine and opioid use in our clinical cohort of methadone and disulfiram treated recipients.

Methods
Cocaine and opioid codependent patients were stabilized for 2 weeks on methadone and subsequently randomized into groups treated with either methadone + placebo (n = 37) or methadone + disulfiram (250 mg/day; n = 33) for 12 weeks.

Results
A drop in cocaine-positive urine was found in the OPRD1 CC genotype group compared to T-allele carrier patients treated with methadone + disulfiram (P < 0.0001), but not in the methadone + placebo group. No difference in opioid-positive urines was found among each genotype group in either treatment group.

Conclusion
These findings suggested that rs678849 genotype may predict treatment response of disulfiram for cocaine use in patients with co-occurring opioid and cocaine dependence.
Seizure Forecasting Using a Novel Sub-Scalp Ultra-Long Term EEG Monitoring System
Authors: Stirling RE , Karoly PJ , Maturana MI , Nurse ES , McCutcheon K , Grayden DB , Ringo SG , Heasman J , Cameron TL , Hoare RJ , Lai A , D’Souza W , Seneviratne U , Seiderer L , McLean KJ , Bulluss KJ , Murphy M , Brinkmann BH , Richardson MP , Freestone DR , Cook MJ 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAccurate identification of seizure activity, both clinical and subclinical, has important implications in the management of epilepsy. Accurate recognition of seizure activity is essential for diagnostic, management and forecasting purposes, but patient-reported seizures have been shown to be unreliable. Earlier work has revealed accurate capture of electrographic seizures and forecasting is possible with an implantable intracranial device, but less invasive electroencephalography (EEG) recording systems would be optimal. Here, we present preliminary results of seizure detection and forecasting with a minimally invasive sub-scalp device that continuously records EEG.Five participants with refractory epilepsy who experience at least two clinically identifiable seizures monthly have been implanted with sub-scalp devices (Minder™), providing two channels of data from both hemispheres of the brain. Data is continuously captured via a behind-the-ear system, which also powers the device, and transferred wirelessly to a mobile phone, from where it is accessible remotely via cloud storage. EEG recordings from the sub-scalp device were compared to data recorded from a conventional system during a 1-week ambulatory video-EEG monitoring session. Suspect epileptiform activity (EA) was detected using machine learning algorithms and reviewed by trained neurophysiologists. Seizure forecasting was demonstrated retrospectively by utilising cycles in EA and previous seizure times.The procedures and devices were well tolerated, and no significant complications have been reported. Seizures were accurately identified on the sub-scalp system, as confirmed by periods of concurrent conventional scalp EEG recordings. The data acquired also allowed seizure forecasting to be successfully undertaken. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC score) achieved (0.88) is comparable to the best score in recent, state-of-the-art forecasting work using intracranial EEG.
Characterization of direct and/or indirect genetic associations for multiple traits in longitudinal studies of disease progression
Authors: Brossard Myriam , Paterson Andrew D. , Espin-Garcia Osvaldo , Craiu Radu V. , Bull Shelley B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhen quantitative longitudinal traits are risk factors for disease progression and subject to random biological variation, joint model analysis of time-to-event and longitudinal traits can effectively identify direct and/or indirect genetic association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with time-to-event. We present a joint model that integrates:i)a multivariate linear mixed model describing trajectories of multiple longitudinal traits as a function of time, SNP effects, and subject-specific random effects, andii)a frailty Cox survival model that depends on SNPs, longitudinal trajectory effects, and subject-specific frailty accounting for dependence among multiple time-to-event traits. Motivated by complex genetic architecture of type 1 diabetes complications (T1DC) observed in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), we implement a two-stage approach to inference with bootstrap joint covariance estimation and develop a hypothesis testing procedure to classify direct and/or indirect SNP association with each time-to-event trait. By realistic simulation study, we show that joint modelling of two time-to-T1DC (retinopathy, nephropathy) and two longitudinal risk factors (HbA1c, systolic blood pressure) reduces estimation bias in genetic effects and improves classification accuracy of direct and/or indirect SNP associations, compared to methods that ignore within-subject risk factor variability and dependence among longitudinal and time-to-event traits. Through DCCT data analysis, we demonstrate feasibility for candidate SNP modelling, and quantify effects of sample size and Winner’s curse bias on classification for two SNPs identified as having indirect associations with time-to-T1DC traits. Overall, joint analysis of multiple longitudinal and multiple time-to-event traits provides insight into complex trait architecture.
Validation of a multi-gene qPCR-based pharmacogenomics panel across major ethnic groups in Singapore and Indonesia
Authors: Kothary Anar Sanjaykumar , Mahendra Caroline , Tan Mingchen , Min Tan Eunice Jia , Hong Yi Jacelyn Phua , Gabriella  , Hui Jocelyn Tan Xin , Haruman Jessline Stephanie , Tan Zhihao , Lee Chun Kiat , Lezhava Alexander , Yan Benedict , Irwanto Astrid 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundWith up to 70% of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) having high genetic associations, the clinical utility of pharmacogenomics (PGx) has been gaining traction. Nala PGx Core™ is a multi-gene qPCR-based panel that comprises 18 variants and 2 CYP2D6 Copy Number markers across 4 pharmacogenes – CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and SLCO1B1.ObjectivesIn this study, we validated the performance of Nala PGx Core™ against benchmark methods, on the Singaporean and Indonesian populations. Additionally, we examined the allele and diplotype frequencies across 5 major ethnic groups present in these populations namely, Indonesians, Chinese, Malays, Indians and Caucasians.MethodsHuman gDNA samples, extracted from the buccal swabs of 246 participants, were tested on Nala PGx Core™ and two chosen benchmarks, Agena VeriDose® Core and CYP2D6 Copy Number Variation (CNV) Panel, and TaqMan® DME Genotyping Assays. Performance was evaluated based on assay robustness, precision and accuracy at the genotype- and diplotype-level.ResultsNala PGx Core™ demonstrated high genotype- and diplotype-level call rates of >97% and >95% respectively in CYP2D6, and 100% for CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and SLCO1B1. A precision rate of 100% was observed on both intra- and inter-precision studies. Variant-level concordance to the benchmark methods was ≥96.9% across all assays, which consequently resulted in a diplotype-level concordance of ≥94.7% across CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6. Overall, the allele frequencies of CYP2D6*10 and CYP2D6*36 were higher in our cohort as compared to previous records. Notably, CYP2D6 copy number variation (CNV) analysis demonstrated a CYP2D6 *10/*36 frequency of 26.5% amongst the Indonesian cohort.ConclusionNala PGx Core™ produced robust and accurate genotyping when compared to other established benchmarks. Furthermore, the panel successfully characterized alleles of clinical relevance in the Singaporean and Indonesian populations such as CYP2D6*10 and CYP2D6*36, suggesting its potential for adoption in clinical workflows regionally.
Spontaneous control of SIV replication does not prevent immune dysregulation and bacterial dissemination in animals co-infected withM. tuberculosis
Authors: Moriarty Ryan V. , Rodgers Mark A. , Ellis Amy L. , Balgeman Alexis J. , Larson Erica C. , Hopkins Forrest , Chase Michael R. , Maiello Pauline , Fortune Sarah M. , Scanga Charles A. , O’Connor Shelby L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIndividuals infected with both HIV andMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) are more likely to develop severe Tuberculosis (TB) disease than HIV-naïve individuals. To understand how a chronic pre-existing Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection impairs the early immune response to Mtb, we used the Mauritian cynomolgus macaque (MCM) model of SIV/Mtb co-infection. We examined the relationship between peripheral viral control and Mtb burden, Mtb dissemination, and immunological function between SIV+ spontaneous controllers, SIV+ non-controllers, and SIV-naïve MCM who were challenged with a barcoded Mtb Erdman strain and necropsied six weeks post infection. Mycobacterial burden was highest in the SIV+ non-controllers in all assessed tissues. In lung granulomas, we found the frequency of CD4+ T cells producing TNFα was reduced in all SIV+ MCM, but CD4+ T cells producing IFNγ were only lower in the SIV+ non-controllers. Further, while all SIV+ MCM had more PD1+ and TIGIT+ T cells in the lung granulomas relative to SIV-naïve MCM, SIV+ controllers exhibited the highest frequency of cells expressing these markers. To measure the effect of SIV infection on within-host bacterial dissemination, we sequenced the molecular barcodes of Mtb present in each tissue and characterized the complexity of the Mtb populations. While Mtb population complexity was not associated with infection group, lymph nodes had increased complexity when compared to lung granulomas across all groups. These results provide evidence SIV+ animals, independent of viral control, exhibit dysregulated immune responses and enhanced dissemination of Mtb, likely contributing to the poor TB disease course across all SIV/Mtb co-infected animals.ImportanceHIV and TB remain significant global health issues, despite the availability of treatments. Individuals with HIV, including those who are virally suppressed, are at an increased risk to develop and succumb to severe TB disease when compared to HIV-naïve individuals. Our study aims to understand the relationship between SIV replication, mycobacterial growth, and immunological function in the tissues of co-infected Mauritian cynomolgus macaques during the early phase of Mtb infection. Here we demonstrate that increased viral replication is associated with increased bacterial burden in the tissues and impaired immunologic responses, and that the damage attributed to virus infection is not fully eliminated when animals spontaneously control virus replication.