bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immersion index HRS-WC Halp-Gap gradation with oil palm waste filler substitution
Authors: Daud  , Musu Acep Noldi , Rachman Rais , Kusuma Benny 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of adding ash from palm oil waste as a substitute for filler material from cement on the immersion index of the HRS-WC mixture using semi-gap gradations. The bitumen content used was 5.9%; 6.4%; 6.9%; 7.4% and 7.9%. Meanwhile, the proportion of oil palm ash waste to cement is 0%: 100%, 25%: 75%, 50%: 50%, 75%: 25% and 100%: 0%. The test results show the effect of adding CPO filler content on asphalt content, the higher the percentage of addition of asphalt content, the number of cavities in the mixture, the smaller the cavities in the aggregate and the more cavities filled with asphalt, up to the addition of 50% CPO content, then 50% CPO increase up to 100% reduced asphalt tar voids. The Marshall Immersion test obtained the immersion index for the Lataston HRS-WC mixture with a semi-gap gradation using CPO Waste Ash as a cement substitute material, it is susceptible to water, this is because even though the mixed cavity is filled with CPO Waste Ash, but effective asphalt which also functions to waterproof the mixture will have reduced. So that if you use CPO waste ash as a substitute for cement filler, the use of asphalt content must also be large (added). The semi-gap gradation in the Lataston HRS-WC mixture also affects the level of water tightness, where the semi-gap gradation will form a denser mixture so that it becomes more waterproof.
Performance road before and during pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Radjawane Louise Elizabeth , Palinggi Monika Datu Mirring 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 case was first identified in Makassar City, Indonesia on March 2020, then continued to experience an increase in positive cases and was designated as a red zone/epicenter of the spread of COVID-19. On April 24, 2020, the city government for the first time took steps to limit activities outside the home for the community to reduce the risk of spreading the COVID-19 virus. On April 29, 2020, Gowa Regency is bordered to the north of Makassar city also implemented mobility restrictions for the community from/to Gowa/Makassar. One of the intercity border roads between Makassar City and Gowa Regency and which is often used as connecting access for the two regions is Daeng Tata Lama Street, Makassar City. The purpose of this research is to compare the performance and traffic modeling of the intercity border road before pandemic condition and during the pandemic. Methods for traffic modeling are Green shields, Greenberg, and Underwood, while Indonesian Highway Capacity Guidelines 2014 method for traffic performance. The results showed that the traffic performance (degree of saturation value) before the pandemic occurred was higher than in the new normal and travel restriction conditions. However, the average speed is lower in the travel restriction and new normal conditions than in the before pandemic condition.
Analysis of the speed impact from u-turn round
Authors: Palinggi Monika Datu Mirring , Rajawane Louise Elizabeth 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The reverse direction on the two-way road will disrupt the rate of vehicles passing through conflict points, on the Perintis Kemerdekaan Road, one of which is used by the people of Makassar City from east to west and vice versa. Median is a traffic lane separator that serves to eliminate traffic conflicts from the opposite direction, so that in turn will increase traffic safety. The openings provided are a turnaround movement. The U-turn movement is far more complicated by turning right or turning left, because the vehicle’s maneuverability is generally limited by the width of the lane, the width of the median and its openings, as well as the traffic flow that is in the direction of direction or the opposite. Certain vehicles that make U-turn movements cannot turn directly causing other vehicles to be disrupted.
Analysis of risk K3 preservation of the reconstruction Gresik – Lamongan – Babat roads in East Java Province
Authors: Pagoray Gebion Lysje 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Preservation of Gresik – Lamongan – Babat is an activity carried out in East Java Province. Long Segment is the handling of road preservation within the boundaries of one continuous segment length (can be more than one segment) which is carried out with the aim of obtaining uniform road conditions, namely steady and standard roads. The purpose of this study is to 1) Identify the K3 risks that occur in the preservation of Gresik – Lamongan – Babat roads in East Java Province. 2) Provide risk control solutions from K3 risk identification. This research was conducted by collecting secondary data to obtain research data using direct survey method, literature study and interview. The sample for this study consists 30 respondents, including 12 supervising consultants, 2 supervising of PU, 16 workers and contractor’s management. This research uses the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method. The results of this study found 52 potential hazards, the work hazard potential category of 52 potential hazards are 5 Extreme Risk, 21 High Risk, 20 Moderate Risk, and 6 Low Risk, is the dominant High Risk.
Solar-generator hybrid plant as an electric energy solution on fisherman boats
Authors: Sau Matius 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The use of new and renewable energy in various fields is currently increasing. This can be seen in the utilization of solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, water energy and so on in various sectors of life and industrial sectors. However, good service is needed so that it works optimally, because it requires a system that can work simultaneously or alternately known as a hybrid system. This study aims to utilize solar energy and generators that work in a hybrid manner in serving the load on fishing boats. The experimental method used in the solar energy hybrid system and generator on fishing boats is by means of testing on loads that work simultaneously and alternately. The results showed that the supply of electrical energy from solar energy was 100 Wp, from a generator of 600 watts. At the same time working together it is able to serve a lighting load of 60 Watts and 2 Freezers each of 100 Watts continuously and when working alternately the solar panels are able to serve a load of 60 watts while the generator set is 260 watts. When the generator works alone, it requires a large enough fuel and is able to serve all the loads on the ship, it is different when the solar panel works alone, it can only serve the lighting load but there is no fuel cost. The combination of electrical energy supply from Generator and Solar Energy is carried out alternately by utilizing solar energy as the lighting load during fishing conditions while the electrical energy from the generator is used when running the ship as well as a backup. Thus the use of fuel for generators can be minimized and the operational costs of fishermen are reduced.
Characteristics of the Stone Matrix Asphalt Coarse using the Tabu River Stone North Toraja Regency
Authors: Bato’tanete Feki Bongga , Rachman Rais , Alpius  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to make use of Tabu River’s stones as a Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) mixture. The methodology used in this research is to do multiple inspections and examining characteristics of course, fine, and filler aggregates and devise a mixture composition of Stone Matrix Asphalt. The Marshall testing method was used to determine the mixture characteristics and Marshall Immersion Testing to ascertain Immersion Index (IP) / Residual Strength Index (IKS) / durability of the mixture with optimum asphalt content. The research was done at Road and Asphalt Laboratorium, Department of Civil Engineering, Christian University of Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia. The research demonstrated that the composition of aggregates produced by Tabu River’s Stones at Tikala Sub-District fulfills the specifications of Bina Marga 2018 as a paving material. Marshall Examination showed the characteristic mixture of Stone Matrix Asphalt with asphalt levels of 6.00%, 6.25%, 6.75%, 7.00%. The Marshall Immersion Examination determined that the optimal asphalt level of 7.00% with an immersion index (IP)/Residual Strength Index (IKS)/Durability as high as 95.05% satisfies the Bina Marga 2018 requirements of at least 90%.
The mechanical properties of limestone as an aggregate on high strength concrete
Authors: Tanijaya Jonie , Tappi Suleman , Jabair  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The construction of multi-stories buildings is increasing rapidly. In concrete construction, various studies and innovations have been carried out in order to obtain high strength concrete. The use of limestone either as a substitute for fine aggregate, as a substitute for coarse aggregate or as a substitute for fine aggregate and even coarse aggregate in a concrete mixture is still lacking. In South Sulawesi, large quantities of limestone are found in several regencies. Enrekang Regency is one with considerable limestone potential which is about 74.75 km2 or an estimated geological of 3.7 billion cubic meters. Most limestone is made into split stones that can be used as construction materials. Limestone can be processed into split or powder which can be used as a replacement for sand in concrete mixture. The results of the concrete at 28 days with a mixture of natural sand as fine aggregate and limestone split as coarse aggregate, w/c ratio of 0.20 produced a value of f’c = 59.26 MPa. ft = 4.51 MPa (0.61 √f’c), and fr = 7.18 MPa (0.93 √f’c). The average modulus of elasticity at 28 days with a mixture of limestone powder as fine aggregate and limestone split as coarse aggregate produced a value of Ec = 46960.25 MPa (6325 √f’c) with Poisson’s ratio υ = 0.3847.
The Utilization of Agave Cantula Roxb as Composite Strength on Fishing Boat Hull
Authors: Tikupadang Karel , Palungan Musa B. , Buku Atus , Manuhutu Hansten 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyses the Agave Cantula Roxb tensile and bending strength. The analysis was further done to observe the sustainability utilization the Agave Cantula Roxb fiber as a composite strengthener for fishing boat hulls. The research was carried out at the metallurgy mechanical engineering laboratory, Engineering Faculty, Indonesia Paul Christian University, Makassar. The method used is making a specimen with a 0%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% fiber composition, while the catalyst composition as a hardener is about 10%. To determine the material mechanical strength, a tensile test was carried out where the specimen dimension was based on the ASTM D3039 international standard. While for the bending test, the specimen dimension was based on the ASTM D790-03. From the test result it is indicated that not all composite specimen composition can be used as ship hulls material. Based on the standard required by the Indonesian Classification Bureau, the composite tensile strength standard (σt) is about 10 kf/mm2 and a bending strength standard (σb) of 15 kgf/mm2. Based on standard required, the composite condition that fulfilled the requirements is the 50% fiber which has a tensile strength of σt = 11,8 kgf/mm2 and a bending stress σb = 25,41 kgf/mm2.
Effect calcium hydroxide (traditionally called slaked lime) to stabilization of laterite soil
Authors: Rangan Parea Rusan , Tumpu M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInadequate road infrastructure conditions make the airway a mainstay for the transportation of people and goods, including basic needs in several Papua areas. This study aims to determine the value of elastic modulus and poison ratio that has been stabilized with hydrated lime using curing water and air for 7 days. The method used in this research is experimental method in laboratory. The test object dimension used is cylinder 53 × 106 mm. The soil samples used in this soil stabilization study were taken from Tanah Merah Bovendigul District. Clay and lime soil mixtures are prepared by using moisture content of 35%. The results test shows that the average value of elastic modulus (vertical and horizontal) on curing of water and air is 122.82 MPa each; 92.23 MPa and 51.11 MPa; 424,43 MPa. While the average value of poison ratio is respectively of 0.2 and 0.1.
Binary options trading: candlestick prediction using Support Vector Machine (SVM) on M5 time period
Authors: Rumpa Lantana Dioren , Limbongan Mey Enggane , Biringkanae Astriwati , Tammu Rahma Gusmawati 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many people choose to trade binary options because it is not difficult to understand. They need to predict whether the price will be higher or lower than their open position in a specific timeframe. The most popular timeframe for binary options traders is the M5 (5-minutes). Many traders prefer to use a candlestick chart model to predict. We use SVM (Support Vector Machine) to indicate the next-candlestick based on the previous-candlestick features in this research. This paper uses six features such as Open Value, Close Value, High Value, Low Value, Volume Value, and previous Candlestick Color on each candlestick. The result of the prediction accuracy using SVM is only 56%.
Analysis of infiltration and surface runoff using rainfall simulator with variation of rain intensity and vegetation
Authors: Mansida A , Gaffar F , Zainuddin M A , Syamsuri A M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Changes in watershed land use are a concern due to the increase of flood from year to year which can harm the community both material and non-material. Meanwhile, during the dry season there was a significant decrease and causes irrigation water supply and clean water for daily needs to decrease and even to dry. Surface runoff and infiltration in a watershed area becomes an inseparable unit, with increasing surface runoff causing big flooding, flash floods and reducing infiltration, causing less groundwater supply to maintain river availability tend to decrease. The testing of vegetation effect on watershed areas on surface runoff and infiltration with a rainfall simulator was to analyze the extent of the role of vegetation in rainfall intensity with surface runoff and infiltration on rainfall intensity. Tests were carried out using a rain fall simulator using intensities I2 and I5 on two types of vegetation selected at the location of Maros watershed, namely mango and bamboo vegetation. The results show that changes in land cover increase surface runoff and reduce infiltration. So that land use should not be carried out carelessly and still have to pay attention to the sustainability of the function of the forest as river water retention. Land damage will be responded to by unexpected flooding and disruption of the land ecosystem, causing the extinction of flora and fauna habitat to become an indicator of increasingly critical land damage.
Potential impact of climate change on water resources availability in Bantaeng District, South Sulawesi Province
Authors: Chaerul Muhammad , Gusty Sri , Marzuki Ismail , Nur Nur Khaerat , Rusli Muh. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As a result of climate change, the condition of the rain pattern will be more extreme, where in the rainy season, the rainfall will be higher so that it can trigger more floods and landslides; while in the dry season, the rainfall will be less added by increasing evaporation due to increased temperatures which can trigger drought disasters. The objective of this research was to what extent the impact of climate change on water availability which will be used as the main raw material for Municipal Water in Bantaeng Regency. The research method was descriptive qualitative with cross sectional approach. The results of climate change projections showed that the potential monthly average surface water discharge in Bantaeng Regency, especially the watershed used by PDAM, changed fluctuatively. During the rainy season, the projected run-off discharge increased by around 15%; while during the dry season it decreased by around 13% in the Nipa-Nipa, Gusung, and Kaili Watershed. This indicated that the vulnerability of surface water resources during the peak of the dry season (August) to the watershed with Municipal Water intakes, however, in general, the availability of surface water resources in the three watersheds was relatively safe as indicated by the projection results of the run-off discharge average annual rate increased by 4%
Carbon paste electrode modified Poly-Glutamic Acid (PGA) with molecularly imprinted for detection of Rhodamine B
Authors: Setiyanto Henry , Ferizal Ferizal , Saraswaty Vienna , Rahayu Ria Sri , Zulfikar Muhammad Ali 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRhodamine B is a synthetic dye used for coloring textiles, paper and ceramics. In addition, Rhodamine B is also often used for coloring ingredients in food ingredients such as crackers, syrups, candy, cakes, and is often used for coloring lipsticks. The accumulation of Rhodamine B in the body can cause liver, kidney and lymph damage. In this study, a modified carbon paste (EPK) electrode with molecularly imprinted polymers (glutamic acid) was developed for the determination of rhodamine B using potentiometric techniques. The modification was carried out by electro polymerization of glutamic acid monomer from a solution containing 3.0 mM glutamic acid and 1.0 mM rhodamine B in a phosphate buffer pH 7 using a cyclic voltammetry technique of 15 cycles in the potential range between -0.2 V - 1.8 V with a scan rate of 100 mV / sec. Measurements with these electrodes have optimum performance at pH 4. The Nerst factor is 29.2 mV / decade. The measurement range is 10-5 M – 10-2 M. With the detection limit of Rhodamine B which can be measured by the electrode is 8.91 × 10-6 M. This electrode has a fairly good value of accuracy and precision, and does not have a significant difference. when compared with the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method.
Properties of Mitragyna Speciosa (Ketum) extracted in water as organic dye molecular sensitizer
Authors: Habdullah Abdullah Mohd Hanapiah Abdullah M , Adilah Syarifah Adilah Mohamed Yusoff , Daud Kamarulazhar , Mokhtar Marina , Jalil Anip 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Generally, dye sensitizers make use of inorganic elements such as ruthenium or osmium. However, these elements were toxic and hard to be produced due to its rarity. Alternatively, organic and natural sensitizer derived from various organic sources were studied. In this research, a natural dye which is chlorophyll b (Chl-b) extracted from Mitragyna Speciosa or ketum leaf pigment is used as the dye sensitizer. The geometry, optical properties and electronic properties were observed by the computational method using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) with B3LYP/6-31G with Gaussian-03 and Gaussview-03 software. Here, properties of bulk Chl-b were firstly obtained from databank as a control experiment. It was to be compared with the properties of Chl-b extracted using water as solvent. It can be observed that, UV-Vis of Chl-b showed peak absorbance at 430 nm at the blue light region of the visible light. The highest occupy molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) were calculated by DFT ground state level. Bandgap of Chl-b without and with water extraction are 2.12 eV and 2.10 eV respectively, while excitation state of LUMO to conduction band are 1.21 eV and 1.27 eV respectively. It shows that the bandgap is lower when extracted using water as the solvent. Therefore, water extracted Chl-b tends to give a better result for HOMO/LUMO energy and voltage open circuit, Voc, HOMO and LUMO energy resulted in higher energy than the bulk Chl-b in Mitragyna leaves. This lower bandgap is attributed to the addition of electrons contents in the extracted molecules which is beneficial for dye-sensitize solar cells, DSSC.
Meteorological parameters and air pollutants affect the transmission of COVID-19: a review
Authors: Ardan  , Ansar Budi , Asmin Waode , Harwiati  , Tosepu Ramadhan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In less than a year, experimental body explaining the relationship of meteorological indicators, air pollutants concentration, and COVID-19 disease rapidly increases. Among studies, inconclusive findings are conflicting and therefore need to be gathered in a systematically review methods. Therefore, systematic literature review is conducted to present available studies concerning the effect of climatic parameters and air pollutants and their association with COVID-19 pandemic. Search strategy was conducted using Science Direct with terms of “COVID-19”, “environment”, “meteorology”, and “pollutants”. After critically assessed with inclusion criteria, 23 studies met to be included in the database. Results indicate that temperature and humidity are not directly correlated with the growth of COVID-19 cases worldwide. Although multi-regional studies mostly revealed significant correlation with individual parameter of meteorological factors, dynamics data of COVID-19 transmission may be a factor causing the different results. On the other hand, irrespective with lockdown scheme, air pollutants are likely affecting the spread of the pathogens through several mode of actions which most of available explanation is that the SAR-Cov-2 virus can create a cluster with particular matter on the air. Thus, lower air quality index in association with wind speed, in particular condition, can potentially increase the transmission of COVID-19. This study emphasizes that there are many other factors that more logically transmitting the SAR-CoV-2 virus such as human mobility and interaction.
The Importance of Eco-evolutionary Potential in the Anthropocene
Authors: Wood Zachary T , Palkovacs Eric P , Olsen Brian J , Kinnison Michael T 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Humans are dominant global drivers of ecological and evolutionary change, rearranging ecosystems and natural selection. In the present article, we show increasing evidence that human activity also plays a disproportionate role in shaping the eco-evolutionary potential of systems—the likelihood of ecological change generating evolutionary change and vice versa. We suggest that the net outcome of human influences on trait change, ecology, and the feedback loops that link them will often (but not always) be to increase eco-evolutionary potential, with important consequences for stability and resilience of populations, communities, and ecosystems. We also integrate existing ecological and evolutionary metrics to predict and manage the eco-evolutionary dynamics of human-affected systems. To support this framework, we use a simple eco–evo feedback model to show that factors affecting eco-evolutionary potential are major determinants of eco-evolutionary dynamics. Our framework suggests that proper management of anthropogenic effects requires a science of human effects on eco-evolutionary potential.