bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le Barth de mon Casalis, années 1960-1970
Authors: Encrevé Pierre 
Published: May 2021

Pierre Encrevé présente les différentes figures de Karl Barth dans la pensée de Georges Casalis telles qu’il les a rencontrées dans sa propre relation avec ce dernier. Il y a d’abord le théologien des textes des années 1930 et d la Dogmatique . Vient ensuite le Karl Barth politique, engagé dans le dialogu avec les communistes et le théologien tchécoslovaque Josef Hromádka. Cett proximité pousse Casalis à rompre avec Barth, suite à la Guerre des Six jour entre Israël et les pays arabes. Le dernier Barth vu par Casalis ressemble au premier : le « pasteur rouge » de Safenwil.
Les relations État-hôpitaux sous l’angle des négociations et concertations
Authors: Riet Zaynab 
Published: May 2021

Entre l’État et les établissements publics autonomes que sont les hôpitaux publics, la chaîne hiérarchique nécessaire à la cohérence des politiques de santé publique laisse toute sa place à la concertation et à la négociation. C’est dans ce cadre que la Fédération hospitalière de France (FHF), organisation indépendante hiérarchiquement et financièrement de l’État, assume le rôle de représentation et de défense des hôpitaux et établissements médicosociaux publics, et défend l’intérêt général des populations en matière de santé. Représentant environ 4 800 établissements de santé et médicosociaux, la FHF fonde son action et sa légitimité dans la diversité et la proximité des territoires qui s’incarnent dans ses conseils d’administration et ses délégations permanentes, aux échelons régionaux et national. Dans un contexte de balkanisation de la gouvernance en santé dont la crise sanitaire a montré les limites, et de débat sur le rôle des territoires, la FHF plaide pour une unification de la décision et un rapprochement des territoires d’action, et s’est déjà organisée en ce sens.
L’intégration des canaux de distribution en contexte de transition digitale : une relecture par la théorie des ressources
Authors: Bressolles Grégory , Viot Catherine 
Published: May 2021

De nombreux distributeurs s’engagent dans une stratégie d’intégration des canaux sous la pression du consommateur qui souhaite désormais une expérience d’achat intégrée. L’intégration des canaux s’inscrit dans le contexte de la transition digitale de l’entreprise et afin de l’aborder, il est nécessaire de se situer à un niveau stratégique. En effet, l’intégration des canaux s’accompagne nécessairement d’une collaboration inter-fonctionnelle. En se basant sur le cadre de la théorie des ressources (RBV), cet article se propose de répondre à la question de recherche suivante : quelles sont les ressources mobilisées par les distributeurs en vue d’une intégration réussie ? Ainsi, l’analyse des ressources mobilisées par les distributeurs est réalisée à partir de la classification des ressources logistiques de Duong et Paché (2015) qui est utilisée comme grille de lecture après adaptation au contexte de l’intégration des canaux. Une étude qualitative exploratoire reposant sur six cas met au jour les ressources déployées dans leurs stratégies d’intégration par des distributeurs français et canadiens dans trois secteurs. Les résultats montrent que les distributeurs mobilisent cinq ressources : des ressources technologiques, organisationnelles, physiques, relationnelles et d’expertise. Cette recherche confronte, pour la première fois, la grille de Duong et Paché (2015) à un terrain empirique et élargit son application au-delà de son contexte d’origine, la logistique. D’un point de vue théorique, cet article fait émerger et structure une réflexion autour des ressources nécessaires au déploiement d’une stratégie omnicanal. D’un point de vue managérial, il souligne la diversité des ressources qui sous-tend les stratégies d’intégration des canaux et fournit aux équipes dirigeantes un outil permettant d’établir un diagnostic des ressources.
La théorie du millefeuille à l’épreuve des frontières. Une étude de cas
Authors: Hoareau Émilie 
Published: May 2021

L’objectif de cette étude est d’illustrer la théorie du millefeuille à la lueur des données empiriques du cas QualiREG, un réseau d’innovation international rassemblant différents acteurs de la Zone Océan Indien (ZOI). Entre 2011 et 2014, QualiREG a fait l’objet d’une recherche empirique basée sur la méthodologie de l’étude de cas unique. Les données qualitatives de cette recherche ont été mobilisées afin d’alimenter la réflexion concernant la théorie du millefeuille. Les observations de l’étude de cas offrent des perspectives théoriques et managériales. En effet, la confrontation des effets identifiés par Kalika et al. (2007, 2008) aux données empiriques de QualiREG permet de soutenir certaines propositions et apporter des éclairages vis-à-vis des études précédentes. Nos observations indiquent que l’effet millefeuille de QualiREG est un empilement recherché des médias en réponse aux conditions insulaires des acteurs du réseau. L’analyse des résultats présente des pistes de réflexion à la théorie du millefeuille, ainsi qu’une nouvelle explication de l’effet millefeuille, l’effet « Frontières ». Un retour d’expérience du cas QualiREG est également proposé aux managers chargés de gérer les connaissances aux frontières.
Enhancing students’ experimental knowledge with active learning in a pharmaceutical science laboratory
Authors: Anakin Megan , McDowell Arlene 
Published: May 2021

Objective: The study aimed to examine if an active learning approach used in a pharmaceutical science laboratory would enhance pharmacy students’ learning of foundation pharmaceutical science knowledge when conducting an experiment.
Method: A pre-post-test study design was used to collect data from third-year undergraduate pharmacy students with two approaches to performing an experiment (active learning, and traditional).
Results: Assessment data from 95 students (73% response rate) were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. The active learning approach to performing an experiment resulted in significantly higher (p<0.001) scores compared to the traditional approach for knowledge about the variables to be measured (3.82 versus 2.72 for active and traditional, respectively) and measurement method (3.31 versus 2.85 for active and traditional, respectively). A thematic analysis identified ‘planning’ as unique to the post-test responses for the active learning session.
Conclusion: The authors concluded that the laboratory session featuring active learning had a greater impact on student learning than the traditional experiment method.
Strategi Menghidupkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Melalui Kelompok Belajar
Authors: Amirudin Amirudin , Karochman M. Abdan , Aliyah Aliyah 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine strategies in increasing student learning motivation to maintain the continuity of the educational process in the Study From Home (SFH) policy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The approach used in this research is qualitative with the research subject, namely students in the study group in Jungjang village. Data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation. The results showed that the form of the learning group teacher strategy to increase student learning motivation in the SFH policy in the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak was with student work study groups which were proven to increase student learning motivation. The obstacles encountered by the learning group teacher were related to the aspects of the students' parents, learning facilities, and the creativity of the learning group teachers. The benefits of this research are the growth of student motivation, train student discipline, and help improve the closeness between parents and children.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa untuk menjaga keberlangsungan proses pendidikan dalam kebijakan Study From Home (SFH) pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelompok belajar di desa Jungjang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk strategi guru kelompok belajar untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dalam kebijakan SFH di tengah wabah COVID-19 adalah dengan kelompok belajar kerja tugas siswa yang terbukti dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Hambatan yang ditemui guru kelompok belajar yaitu berkenaan dengan aspek orang tua peserta didik, sarana pembelajaran, dan kreativitas guru kelompok belajar. Adapaun manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah tumbuhnya motivasi belajar siswa, melatih kedisiplinan siswa, serta membantu meningkatkan kedekatan antara orangtua dan anak.
PENERAPAN EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MEDIA SOSIAL PADA MATERI NASIONALISME PELATIHAN DASAR CALON PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL KABUPATEN HALMAHERA SELATAN
Authors: Karim Taufik Z 
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan pertama, proses atau tahapan penerapan evaluasi pembelajaran berbasis media sosial, dan kedua mengetahui implementasi pemanfaatan teknologi dalam evaluasi pembelajaran berbasis media sosial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah peserta Pelatihan Dasar Calon Pegawai Negeri Sipil Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan Tahun 2020 sebanyak 30 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kajian pustaka dan penyebaran kuisioner. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan metode statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa, pertama ditemukan 8 (delapan) tahapan atau proses penerapan evaluasi pembelajaran. Kedua, implementasi pemanfataan teknologi dalam evaluasi pembelajaran seperti Kahoot.it dan facebook memberikan dampak positif dalam proses pembelajaran. Dimana proses evaluasi pembelajaran dinilai sangat kreatif dan inovatif.
Kata Kunci: evaluasi pembelajaran, media sosial, pemanfaatan teknologi
Editorial
Authors: Setsuko Toma Tereza , Maia Barreto Jorge Otávio , Sharmila A. de Sousa Maria , Glenton Claire , Baldini Soares Cassia 
Published: May 2021

Prezados leitores,
Neste ano, em que o Instituto de Saúde está comemorando seu 50º aniversário, é com grande satisfação que oferecemos esta edição do BIS, com o propósito de discutir a relevância das evidências qualitativas para iluminar a tomada de decisão em políticas de saúde. Em todo mundo tem crescido o interesse pelas evidências qualitativas, diante da percepção de que os processos de tomada de decisão precisam considerar fatores relacionados com o contexto social, cultural e axiológico, especialmente para a implementação das políticas públicas, a fim de melhorar sua efetividade. Nesse contexto, as sínteses de evidências qualitativas (SEQ) figuram como a primeira linha de esforços para sistematizar e traduzir, de forma transparente, o conhecimento científico disponível nos estudos qualitativos primários, a fim de torná-lo um subsídio acessível em tempo oportuno para a tomada de decisão.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' 2018 Removal of Total Knee Arthroplasty From the Inpatient-only List Led to Broad Changes in Hospital Length of Stays
Authors: Rankin Kelsey A. , Freedman Isaac G. , Rubin Lee E. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction:
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) removed total knee arthroplasty (TKA) from the “inpatient-only” list from January 1, 2018. The impact of this change on actual hospital length of stay (LOS) and patient coding is of interest.

Methods:
Patients undergoing TKA were abstracted from the 2015 to 2018 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Patient characterization as “inpatient” or “outpatient” and actual LOS were assessed. Ordinal and categorical data comparisons were done with Pearson chi-squared tests. Continuous variables were tested for normality, and nonparametric analyses were conducted using the Mann-Whitney test. Significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
In total, 125,613 TKA patients from 2017 to 2018 were identified (232,269 TKA patients from 2015 to 2018). Most patients undergoing TKA were of Medicare eligibility (≥65 years old; 60.78% in 2017 and 62.42% in 2018). Overall, LOS decreased significantly from 2017 to 2018 (2.31 ± 1.56 days versus 2.05 ± 1.57 days; P < 0.001), and more patients were discharged the same day (5.09% versus 2.28%; P < 0.001). In 2017, patients were coded as “outpatient” 1.66% of the time (those with LOS = 0 days were 22.85%, LOS = 1 day were 1.80%, LOS = 2 days were 0.79%, and LOS ≥3 days were 0.85%). In 2018, patients were coded as “outpatient” 17.14% of the time (those with LOS = 0 days were 78.2%, LOS = 1 day were 29.75%, LOS = 2 days were 6.96%, and LOS ≥3 days were 3.05%). This represented a significant change for each LOS day (P < 0.001). These results remained true when stratifying by Medicare eligibility (P < 0.001 for those <65 years old and those ≥65 years old).

Discussion:
After the 2018 removal of TKA from the CMS “inpatient-only” list, patients were more likely to be discharged the same day and be considered “outpatients.” Patients with more prolonged LOS and those younger than 65 years were more likely to have been coded as “outpatient” in 2018 compared with 2017. These data demonstrate that national changes in CMS policies can have broad impact on overall practice patterns.

Level of Evidence:
Retrospective cohort study.
The Competitive Orthopaedic Trauma Fellowship Applicant: A Program Director's Perspective
Authors: Shaath M. Kareem , Warner Stephen J. , Kellam James F. , Achor Timothy S. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction:
In 2018, orthopaedic trauma had the lowest match rate among orthopaedic subspecialties. The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of factors evaluated by orthopaedic trauma fellowship directors when ranking applicants after the interview.

Methods:
An electronic survey was submitted to fellowship directors and consisted of 16 factors included in a fellowship application. Respondents were asked to rate the importance of these factors for applicants they interviewed on a 1 to 5 Likert scale, with 1 being not at all important and 5 being critical.

Results:
Thirty-seven fellowship directors responded (63.8%). The highest-rated factor was the applicant interview (mean score 4.82), followed by the quality of letters of recommendation (4.69), personal connections made to the applicant (3.89), and potential to be leader (3.86). Fellowship directors at academic programs rated interest in an academic career (P = 0.003), research experience (P = 0.023), and exposure to well-known orthopaedic traumatologists (P = 0.003) higher than their counterparts at private institutions. Programs with more than one fellow rated potential to be a leader higher than programs with one fellow (P = 0.02).

Discussion:
Trainees may use this study when compiling an application to optimize their chances of matching at the program of their choice.
De novo reconstitution of chromatin using wheat germ cell‐free protein synthesis
Authors: Endo Yaeta , Takemori Nobuaki , Nagy Szilvia K. , Okimune Kei‐ichi , Kamakaka Rohinton , Onouchi Hitoshi , Takasuka Taichi E. 
Published: May 2021

DNA is packaged with histones to form chromatin that impinges on all nuclear processes, including transcription, replication and repair, in the eukaryotic nucleus. A complete understanding of these molecular processes requires analysis of chromatin context in vitro. Here, Drosophila four core histones were produced in a native and unmodified form using wheat germ cell‐free protein synthesis. In the assembly reaction, four unpurified core histones and three chromatin assembly factors (dNAP‐1, dAcf1 and dISWI) were incubated with template DNA. We then assessed stoichiometry with the histones, nucleosome arrays, supercoiling and the ability of the chromatin to serve as a substrate for histone‐modifying enzymes. Overall, our method provides a new avenue to produce chromatin that can be useful in a wide range of chromatin research.
Sodium Effects on the Diffusion, Phase, and Defect Characteristics of Kesterite Solar Cells and Flexible Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 with Greater than 11% Efficiency
Authors: Yang Kee‐Jeong , Kim Sammi , Kim Se‐Yun , Son Dae‐Ho , Lee Jaebaek , Kim Young‐Ill , Sung Shi‐Joon , Kim Dae‐Hwan , Enkhbat Temujin , Kim JunHo , Kim Juran , Jo William , Kang Jin‐Kyu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractImproving the efficiency of kesterite (Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4; CZTSSe) solar cells requires understanding the effects of Na doping. This paper investigates these effects by applying a NaF layer at various positions within precursors. The NaF position is important because Na produces Na‐related defects in the absorber and suppresses the formation of intrinsic defects. By investigating precursors with various NaF positions, the sulfo‐selenization mechanism and the characteristics of defect formation are confirmed. Applying a NaF layer onto a Zn layer in a CZTSSe precursor limits Zn diffusion and suppresses Cu‐Zn alloy formation, thus changing the sulfo‐selenization mechanism. In addition, the surface NaF layer provides reactive Se and S to the absorber layer by generating Na2Sex and Na2Sx liquid phases during sulfo‐selenization, thus limiting the incorporation of Na into the absorber and reducing the Na effects. Efficiency values of 11.16% and 11.19% are obtained for a flexible CZTSSe solar cell by applying NaF between the Zn layer and back contact and between the Cu and Sn layers, respectively. This study presents methods for doping with alkali metals and improving the efficiency of photovoltaics.
Direct Organometallic Synthesis of Carboxylate Intercalated Layered Zinc Hydroxides for Fully Exfoliated Functional Nanosheets
Authors: Said Said A. , Roberts Christopher S. , Lee Ja Kyung , Shaffer Milo S. P. , Williams Charlotte K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntercalation of organic anions into 2D materials can enable exfoliation, improve dispersion stability, increase surface area, and provide useful functional groups. In layered metal hydroxides, intercalation of bulk structures is commonly achieved by cumbersome and typically incomplete anion exchange reactions. In contrast, here, a series of carboxylate‐intercalated layered zinc hydroxides (LZH‐R) are synthesized directly, at room temperature, by reacting an organozinc reagent with a precise sub‐stoichiometric quantity of the desired carboxylic acid and water. A range of carboxylic acids are used to make new LZH‐R materials which are crystalline, soluble, and functionalized, as established by X‐ray diffraction, spectroscopic, and microscopy techniques. When R is an alkyl ether carboxylate, this direct synthesis method results in the spontaneous exfoliation of the LZH‐R into monolayer nanosheets with high yields (70–80%) and high solubilities in alcohols and water of up to 180 mg mL−1. By altering the carboxylate ligand, functional groups suitable for post‐synthetic modification or for detection by fluorescence are also introduced. These examples demonstrate a versatile synthetic route for functional exfoliated nanosheets.
TRAIL‐Armed ER Nanosomes Induce Drastically Enhanced Apoptosis in Resistant Tumor in Combination with the Antagonist of IAPs (AZD5582)
Authors: Hou Huan , Su Kui , Huang Chaohong , Yuan Qian , Li Shuyi , Sun Jianwu , Lin Yue , Du Zhiyun , Ke Changhong , Yuan Zhengqiang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlthough mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be engineered to deliver the TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) as an effective anticancer therapy, the clinical application is hampered by the costly manufacturing of therapeutic MSCs. Therefore, it is needed to find an alternative cell‐free therapy. In this study, TRAIL‐armed endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐derived nanosomes (ERN‐T) are successfully prepared with an average size of 70.6 nm in diameter from TRAIL transduced MSCs. It is demonstrated that the ERN‐T is significantly more efficient for cancer cell killing than the soluble recombinant TRAIL (rTRAIL). AZD5582 is an antagonist of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), and its combination with ERN‐T induces strikingly enhanced apoptosis in cancerous but not normal cells. AZD5582 sensitizes resistant cancer cells to TRAIL through concomitant downregulation of IAP members like XIAP and the Bcl2 family member Mcl‐1. Intravenously infused ERN‐Ts accumulate in tumors for over 48 h indicating good tumor tropism and retention. The combination of ERN‐T and AZD5582 drastically promotes therapeutic efficacy comparing with the cotreatment by rTRAIL and AZD5582 in a subcutaneous MDA‐MB‐231 xenograft tumor model. The data thus demonstrate that ERN‐T can be a novel cell‐free alternative to TRAIL‐expressing MSC‐based anticancer therapy and its efficacy can be drastically enhanced through combination with AZD5582.
3D Printing of Strontium Silicate Microcylinder‐Containing Multicellular Biomaterial Inks for Vascularized Skin Regeneration
Authors: Ma Jingge , Qin Chen , Wu Jinfu , Zhang Hongjian , Zhuang Hui , Zhang Meng , Zhang Zhaowenbin , Ma Lingling , Wang Xin , Ma Bing , Chang Jiang , Wu Chengtie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe reconstruction of dermal blood vessels is essential for skin regeneration process. However, the lack of vascular structure, insufficient angiogenesis induction, and ineffective graft‐host anastomosis of the existing skin substitutes are major bottle‐necks for permanent skin replacement in tissue engineering. In this study, the uniform strontium silicate (SS) microcylinders are successfully synthesized and integrated into the biomaterial ink to serve as stable cell‐induced factors for angiogenesis, and then a functional skin substitute based on a vascularization‐induced biomimetic multicellular system is prepared via a “cell‐writing” bioprinting technology. With an unprecedented combination of vascularized skin‐mimicking structure and vascularization‐induced function, the SS‐containing multicellular system exhibits outstanding angiogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo. As a result, the bioprinted skin substitutes significantly accelerate the healing of both acute and chronic wounds by promoting the graft‐host integration and vascularized skin regeneration in three animal models. Therefore, the study provides a referable strategy to fabricate biomimetic multicellular constructs with angiogenesis‐induced function for regeneration of vascularized complex and hierarchical tissues.
Silk Fibroin Scaffold Architecture Regulates Inflammatory Responses and Engraftment of Bone Marrow‐Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Yang Nianji , Moore Matthew J. , Michael Praveesuda L. , Santos Miguel , Lam Yuen Ting , Bao Shisan , Ng Martin K. C. , Rnjak‐Kovacina Jelena , Tan Richard P. , Wise Steven G. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDespite being one of the most clinically trialed cell therapies, bone marrow‐mononuclear cell (BM‐MNC) infusion has largely failed to fulfill its clinical promise. Implanting biomimetic scaffolds at sites of injury prior to BM‐MNC infusion is a promising approach to enhance BM‐MNC engraftment and therapeutic function. Here, it is demonstrated that scaffold architecture can be leveraged to regulate the immune responses that drive BM‐MNC engraftment. Silk scaffolds with thin fibers and low porosity (LP) impairs immune activation in vitro compared with thicker fiber, high porosity (HP) scaffolds. Using the authors′ established in vivo bioluminescent BM‐MNC tracking model, they showed that BM‐MNCs home to and engraft in greater numbers in HP scaffolds over 14 days. Histological analysis reveals thicker fibrous capsule formation, with enhanced collagen deposition in HP compared to LP scaffolds consistent with substantially more native CD68+ macrophages and CD4+ T cells, driven by their elevated pro‐inflammatory M1 and Th1 phenotypes, respectively. These results suggest that implant architecture impacts local inflammation that drives differential engraftment and remodeling behavior of infused BM‐MNC. These findings inform the future design of biomimetic scaffolds that may better enhance the clinical effectiveness of BM‐MNC infusion therapy.