bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of type of starch and feeding management on glycaemic control in diabetic dogs
Authors: Teshima Eliana , Brunetto Marcio Antonio , Teixeira Fabio Alves , Gomes Márcia de Oliveira Sampaio , Lucas Silvia Regina Ricci , Pereira Gener Tadeu , Carciofi Aulus Cavalieri 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe present study evaluated the effects of two diets with different starch sources and two feeding methods on the glycaemic control in dogs with diabetes mellitus. The diets had similar nutrient contents (40% starch and 16% dietary fibre), one formulated with 46% of broken rice and the other with 42% sorghum and 10% lentils (as‐fed). Ten client‐owned diabetic dogs were fed with each diet for 2 months, in a crossover design. Five dogs received NPH human insulin and food every 12 h (feeding method 1), and the other five received insulin every 12 h but were fed three times a day (feeding method 2). In feeding method 2, morning insulin was higher than the evening dose and dogs received the second meal after 4 to 5 h of the morning insulin and meal. Parameters evaluated included insulin dosage, 12‐ and 8‐h glycaemic curves, complete blood count, biochemical profile and urinalysis. Glycaemic curves were analysed by ANOVA with repeated measures. Glycaemic control parameters (fasting, mean, minimum and maximum glycaemia and serum fructosamine) and glucose area under the curve (AUC) were calculated and analysed by pairedttest (p < 0.05). In feeding method 1, dogs fed the sorghum‐based diet presented lower mean (p = 0.04) and minimum blood glucose concentrations (p = 0.03), and a tendency to lower maximum blood glucose (p = 0.06) and glucose AUC (p = 0.08) than when fed the rice‐based diet. When food was provided twice a day, the ingestion of the rice‐based diet resulted in higher post‐prandial glucose response than the diet with sorghum and lentil. In feeding method 2, there was no effect of diet on the assessed parameters (p > 0.05). No differences in insulin dosage were observed between groups or feeding methods (p > 0.05). Providing two meals a day followed by insulin administration associated with the sorghum‐ and lentil‐based diet improved glycaemic control in diabetic dogs.
Short‐term efficacy of a gel containing propolis extract, nanovitamin C and nanovitamin E on peri‐implant mucositis: A double‐blind, randomized, clinical trial
Authors: González‐Serrano José , López‐Pintor Rosa María , Serrano Julia , Torres Jesús , Hernández Gonzalo , Sanz Mariano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of a gel containing propolis extract, nanovitamin C and nanovitamin E as adjuvant to mechanical debridement in the treatment of peri‐implant mucositis (PM).BackgroundPropolis has anti‐inflammatory and antibacterial effect that may improve peri‐implant health.MethodsA randomized, double‐blind study was performed on patients with at least one implant with PM. Participants received a professional prophylaxis and were instructed to use either test or a control gel as toothpaste three times/day for 1 month. Clinical and microbiological parameters were evaluated. PM resolution was considered in absence of bleeding on probing (BOP). Data were analysed with Mann‐Whitney U, Wilcoxon signed‐rank and chi‐square tests.ResultsForty‐six patients participated (23 in each group). After treatment, 26.1% of test patients showed complete PM resolution versus 0% in control group (p = .02). Significant reductions were observed in plaque index (p = .03), BOP (p = .04) and probing depths (p = .027) in test compared with control group. The reduction in Tannerella forsythia was statistically greater in test than in control group at 1‐month follow‐up (p = .02). Porphyromonas gingivalis was statistically reduced in test group from baseline to 1‐month follow‐up (p = .05).ConclusionTest gel clinically improved PM and showed certain antimicrobial effect after 1 month in comparison with control group. Further long‐term clinical trials are required to confirm these results.
Sequential pontine and bilateral cerebral peduncle infarction with resultant early Wallerian degeneration of the ponto‐cerebellar fibers
Authors: Chee Yong Chuan , Abdul Halim Sanihah , Ong Beng Hooi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBilateral cerebral peduncular infarction (BCPI) is an extremely rare neurological disorder reportedly associated with locked‐in syndrome. A 60‐year‐old man represented with reduction in conscious level three weeks following a paramedian pontine infarction due to basilar artery thrombosis. Repeated MRI revealed subacute pontine infarction with new infarct involving bilateral cerebral peduncle. MRA showed absent flow‐related signal along the basilar artery consistent with occlusion. Additionally, Wallerian degeneration characterized by symmetrical hyperintense signal on MRI involving the ponto‐cerebellar fibers and both the middle cerebellar peduncles (MCPs) were seen. BCPI is an exceedingly rare type of stroke with characteristic symmetrical signal change involving the cerebral peduncles called “Mickey Mouse Ear” sign. Early Wallerian degeneration of the bilateral MCPs ensuing pontine infarction is also uncommon and is often detected incidentally and exhibits regular and symmetrical signal changes on MRI. Here, a rare encounter of early Wallerian degeneration following sequential pontine and BCPI is described.
Effects of maternal magnesium sulfate treatment on newborns
Authors: Numoto Shingo , Kakita Hiroki , Takeshita Satoru , Ueda Hiroko , Kondo Tomoko , Kurahashi Hirokazu , Wakatsuki Akihiko , Yamada Yasumasa , Okumura Akihisa 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundAntenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) has been used with mothers, but the influence of MgSO4 on the fetus is unclear. The purpose of this study is to determine whether longer antenatal MgSO4 exposure correlates with adverse effects in newborns.MethodsThe clinical data of 77 infants born to mothers treated with MgSO4 were collected. The infants were divided into two groups according to (1) the serum Mg concentration, (2) cumulative Mg dose, and (3) duration of antenatal maternal Mg treatment, respectively.ResultsThe serum Mg level of the infants correlated with that of the mothers but not with the duration of Mg treatment or the cumulative dose of Mg. There were no significant differences in the infants’ clinical variables according to either the duration of Mg treatment or the cumulative dose of Mg. By contrast, enteral feeding tolerance began at a significantly later age and the heart rate on admission was significantly lower in infants with a serum Mg level ≥4.0 mmol/L than in those with a serum Mg level <4.0 mmol/L.ConclusionsModest effects on the clinical variables of infants with higher serum Mg levels were determined, whereas neither the duration of Mg treatment nor the cumulative Mg dose correlated with the clinical variables of the infants. Thus, in newborns with only moderately elevated serum Mg levels, serious adverse effects are unlikely.
Decomposing changes in inequality: Evidence from Myanmar
Authors: Aung Lwin Lwin , Warr Peter 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe study the determinants of changes in the distribution of household expenditures in Myanmar, using a large, nationwide panel household survey data set covering 2005 and 2010, the only panel household survey data currently existing for Myanmar. There was no statistically significant change in mean real consumption expenditures between these years, but the distribution of that consumption across households became significantly less unequal. The sources of this large decline in measured inequality have not been systematically investigated. The paper attempts that investigation by using the above data and applying regression‐based inequality decomposition methods developed by Fields and its subsequent extension by Yun.The results using Fields’ approach indicate that region‐specific variables, occupational changes, and education were the main factors contributing to the narrowing of expenditure inequality but that road development expenditures had the opposite effect. On the methodology of decomposition, we argue first that the Yun extension of Fields’ approach promises enhanced policy relevance, by distinguishing between changes in household characteristics and changes in their impact on expenditures. Second, we show that the decomposition described by Yun entails arbitrary sequencing of the distributions being compared, substantially influencing the decomposition obtained. We explain the underlying reason for this problem and demonstrate a simple solution.
Crohn's disease initially presenting with oral manifestations and managed with ustekinumab: A case report
Authors: Alrashdan Mohammad S. , Safadi Rima A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOral Crohn's disease (OCD) refers to the spectrum of oral manifestations seen in Crohn`s disease (CD) patients and could precede other signs of the disease elsewhere, which requires dental practitioners to be vigilant for oral mucosal changes that may accompany such systemic disorders. Classical treatment modalities are based on the use of corticosteroids, immune‐modulators and more recently, biologics. Ustekinumab is a novel agent from this last group that has shown efficacy in a limited number of case reports. A case of a debilitating CD presenting initially with oral manifestations and ultimately managed with ustekinumab is reported.
Group‐C/S1 bZIP heterodimers regulate MdIPT5b to negatively modulate drought tolerance in apple species
Authors: Feng Yi , Wang Yi , Zhang Guifen , Gan Zengyu , Gao Min , Lv Jiahong , Wu Ting , Zhang Xinzhong , Xu Xuefeng , Yang Shuhua , Han Zhenhai 
Published: April 2021

SummaryCytokinins play a central role in delaying senescence, reducing oxidative damage and maintaining plant growth during drought. This study showed that the ectopic expression of ProRE‐deleted MdIPT5b, a key enzyme involved in cytokinin metabolism, increased the drought tolerance of transgenic Malus domestica (apple) callus and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) seedlings by maintaining cytokinin homeostasis, and thus maintaining redox balance. Under restricted watering regimes, the yields of transgenic tomato plants were enhanced. Heterodimers of C/S1 bZIP are involved in the cytokinin‐mediated drought response. The heterodimers bind the ProRE of MdIPT5b promoter, thus directly suppressing gene transcription. Single C/S1 bZIP members could not independently function as suppressors. However, specific paired members (heterodimers of MdbZIP80 with MdbZIP2 or with MdbZIP39) effectively suppressed transcription. The α‐helical structure is essential for the heterodimerization of C/S1 bZIP members and for synergistic transcriptional suppression. As negative regulators of drought tolerance, suppressing either MdbZIP2 or MdbZIP39 alone does not improve the expression of MdIPT5b and did not increase the drought tolerance of transgenic apple callus. However, this could be achieved when they were co‐suppressed. The suppression of MdbZIP80 alone could improve MdIPT5b expression and increase the drought tolerance of transgenic apple callus. However, these effects were reversed in response to the cosuppression of MdbZIP80 and MdIPT5b. Similar results were also observed during delayed dark‐induced senescence in apple leaves. In conclusion, the apple C/S1 bZIP network (involving MdbZIP2, MdbZIP39 and MdbZIP80) directly suppressed the expression of MdIPT5b, thus negatively modulating drought tolerance and dark‐induced senescence in a functionally redundant manner.
COMPLEJIDAD LINGÜÍSTICA: REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Ochoa Sierra Ligia , Cueva Lobelle Alberto 
Published: April 2021

La complejidad lingüística es un tema de gran interés para los estudiosos del lenguaje, investigadores de inteligencia artificial, educadores y editores. Este artículo presenta el estado del arte sobre este tema. Se buscó la información en cinco bases de datos y se usó la metodología propuesta por Petticrew y Roberts (2008). Los resultados muestran cuatro hallazgos principales: 1) los estudios son básicamente de corte aplicado; 2) hay tres tendencias de investigación relacionadas con este tema: a) estudios que miden el desarrollo de la complejidad en distintas poblaciones, b) investigaciones que miden el efecto de la complejidad en los procesos de comprensión y producción de textos, c) trabajos sobre la dificultad de procesamiento de ciertas estructuras. 3) la complejidad lingüística se ha medido esencialmente con criterios sintácticos y léxicos. 4) Lo que hace que un texto sea más complejo que otro, se relaciona con factores como cantidad, familiaridad y género textual.
Transitar hacia la paz en Colombia. Entre la promesa y la ilusión en dos experiencias históricas (1953-2017)
Authors: Jaramillo Marín Jefferson , Parrado Pardo Érika Paola , Fattal Alexander L. 
Published: April 2021

En 1953 y en 2012 - 2016 tuvieron lugar en Colombia dos procesos históricos de paz que involucraron, de una parte, a las Guerrillas Liberales del Llano y de la otra, a las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia. Haciendo uso de un corpus de imágenes derivado de medios de comunicación como El Tiempo y La Revista Semana, así como del Archivo Germán Guzmán Campos, y acudiendo a literatura secundaria y de claves de lectura derivadas de los estudios del performance discutimos sobre el sentido y alcances de la representación habitual de estos como “tránsitos hacia la paz”. Lo propuesto en el artículo deriva de un proyecto de investigación reciente sobre memoria histórica y práctica visual financiado por la Universidad Javeriana entre 2015 y 2018. La principal contribución está en evidenciar el carácter poroso y por momentos simulado de la paz pactada en ambos momentos históricos.
Modeling and Analysis of the Transient Behavior of an Elastic Metamaterial as a Generalized Cosserat Continuum
Authors: Schiavone Antonio , Li Zhengwei , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Metamaterials are man-made materials engineered to possess certain desired and often counterintuitive properties. It is well-known that elastic metamaterials may exhibit unusual bulk elastic properties when subject to dynamic loads at certain frequencies, such as negative Poisson’s ratio, negative modulus, and/or negative mass density. This paper focuses on the modeling of a one-dimensional micropolar-type elastic metamaterial subject to transient dynamic loading. The metamaterial consists of unit cells that support both translational and rotational motion and can be modeled as a micropolar-type continuum. Interestingly, the equations governing the dynamics of the new micropolar-type continuum possess remarkable similitude with those governing the transient response of an elastic bar with elastic supports. The resulting governing equation is solved using the Fourier transform technique. The transient dynamic response of the metamaterial subject to an axial impact is then studied based on both the developed continuum model and the original discrete model. Finite element analysis of the equivalent bar model is also conducted. The results from the developed continuum model is compared with the discrete model and the finite element analysis to evaluate its suitability. This work presents a novel micropolar-type model for a specific metamaterial and investigates its transient response using both continuum modeling and discrete unit cell modeling. The results indicate that the micropolar-type model can accurately capture the transient behavior of the propagation of the strain pulse in the metamaterial
Potential Waste Heat Recovery Analysis From Molten Steel Slag: The Case Study of Sidenor Steelworks in Basauri (Spain)
Authors: Ortega-Fernández Iñigo , Arribalzaga Peru , Bielsa Daniel , Fernández Leixuri , Unamuno Iñigo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Every day, a huge amount of energy is released into the atmosphere in the form of waste heat. The search for a cleaner and more efficient society, not only at the industrial level but also at the domestic level, should avoid this type of emissions. Steelmaking is an example of an industrial sector with high optimization potential in energy management. In this line, this work presents the main outcomes of the investigation carried out in the search of a technical solution for heat capture and reutilization from one of the main waste heat streams in the steelworks, the molten slag. For this purpose, a piping system embedded in the slag pit soil is proposed as a satisfactory solution for the heat capture operation. Besides, the internal applicability of this recovered heat is also addressed. Overall, the analysis carried out allows the identification of the maximum energy that can be recovered from the slag if the proposed technology is implemented (around 306 kWht per casting, which represents 6.3% of the total available energy). The work is completed with a preliminary techno-economic analysis which has shown a depreciated payback period of the proposed technology below 7 years.
Secondary Stress Weighting Factor and Plastic Reduction Factor of Surface Cracked Pipes Under Bending
Authors: Pothana S. , Wilkowski G. , Kalyanam S. , Hioe Y. , Hattery G. , Martin J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In piping design analysis, the secondary stresses (displacement controlled) may have different design limits than primary stresses (load-controlled stresses). The current design limits for secondary stresses are based on elastic stress analysis. But realistically, a flaw in the piping system can cause nonlinear behavior due to the plasticity at the crack plane as well as in the adjacent uncracked-piping material. Hence, the actual stresses in a cracked piping system, which are elastic-plastic, are different than the design stresses, which are elastically calculated. To assess margins in the secondary stresses calculated using elastic stress analysis in pipe flaw evaluation, two parameters are defined in this paper. The first one is the secondary stress weighting factor (SSWF) on total stress, which is defined as the ratio of actual elastic-plastic stresses in a system to the elastic design stress. An alternative approach to applying margins on secondary stresses is to use a reduction factor only on stresses above the yield stress called plastic reduction factor (PRF). In this paper, a methodology developed to determine these factors for circumferential surface-cracked TP304 stainless steel pipes subjected to bending loads at ambient temperature is described. Four-point-bend tests are conducted on pipes with varying circumferential surface-crack lengths and depths. The moments and rotations needed for the pipe failure for different crack sizes are determined and compared to elastically calculated moments and rotations to establish margins.
Control and Control Allocation for Bimodal, Rotary Wing, Rolling–Flying Vehicles
Authors: Atay Stefan , Bryant Matthew , Buckner Gregory 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a robust method for controlling the terrestrial motion of a bimodal multirotor vehicle that can roll and fly. Factors influencing the mobility and controllability of the vehicle are explored and compared to strictly flying multirotor vehicles; the differences motivate novel control and control allocation strategies that leverage the non-standard configuration of the bimodal design. A fifth-order dynamic model of the vehicle subject to kinematic rolling constraints is the basis for a nonlinear, multi-input, multi-output, sliding mode controller. Constrained optimization techniques are used to develop a novel control allocation strategy that minimizes power consumption while rolling. Simulations of the vehicle under closed-loop control are presented. A functional hardware embodiment of the vehicle is constructed onto which the controllers and control allocation algorithm are deployed. Experimental data of the vehicle under closed-loop control demonstrate good performance and robustness to parameter uncertainty. Data collected also demonstrate that the control allocation algorithm correctly determines a thrust-minimizing solution in real-time.
Quantifying Lumbar Movement Patterns of Allied Health Professionals in an Australian Health Care Facility
Authors: Vuillermin Georde , Bowles Kelly-Ann , Iles Ross , Williams Cylie 
Published: April 2021

Health professionals responsible for return to work plans have little data about allied health movement to guide recommendations following lower back injury. This study aimed to quantify the lumbar movement patterns of allied health professionals within a health care facility throughout a normal workday. An observational case study was undertaken at a public health care facility with 122 allied health professionals. The lumbar movements were recorded with the ViMove together with pain scale measurement. The mean (SD) recording time for allied health was 7.7 (0.7) hours. A mean (SD) 3 (1.4) hours total were spent in standing, 3.8 (1.7) hours in sitting, and 0.8 (0.4) hours in locomotion. Forty-nine flexions were recorded on average per session, most identified as short term (<30 s) within low range (0°–20°). Lumbar movement patterns differed among professions. Thirty-seven (31%) participants reported a history of lower back injury, and 57 (47%) reported low back pain at the end of their workday. This study provides an insight into allied health professionals’ back movement in a hospital or community-based health care setting. These data may inform those who make return to work recommendations or provide rehabilitation services for allied health professionals working with a lower back injury.
Influencing factors and their relationships of risk perception and decision-making behaviour of polypharmacy in patients with chronic diseases: a qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Liu Yuxin , Wang Ruoxi , Huang Rui , Cao Yan , Wang Jia , Feng Da 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesIn order to understand the influencing factors of the medication-taking behaviour in patients with chronic diseases, reveal the deep-seated causes underlying the phenomenon of polypharmacy, explore the formation rules of the risk perception of polypharmacy and how risk perception affect the medication decision-making behaviour of patients with chronic diseases.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was used. Study data were collected through semi-structured interviews with patients and physicians. We used the grounded theory approach to refine influencing factors, followed by interpretative structural modelling that analysed the interaction between these factors.SettingPatients from two hospitals, two nursing homes and two communities. Physicians from two community hospitals in Wuhan, China.ParticipantsPatients with chronic diseases with high willingness to cooperate and good communication ability. Physicians with rich experience in the treatment of chronic diseases.ResultsTwenty-nine interviews were conducted (20 patients and 9 physicians). A total of 35 influencing factors of the medication-taking behaviours in patients with chronic diseases were extracted from the interview data, further integrated into 10 integrated influencing factors and ultimately clustered into three aspects: ‘medication benefit’, ‘medication risk’ and ‘medication strategy’. Medication risk can be divided into four specific dimensions: economic risk, physical risk, psychosocial risk and time risk. 10 integrated influencing factors constituted the interpretative structural model of the medication decision-making behaviours in patients with chronic diseases.ConclusionsThe causes underlying the medication decision-making behaviour of patients with chronic diseases are complex, involving a series of influencing factors such as their risk perception of the medication-taking behaviour. In order to alleviate the adverse effects of polypharmacy on patients’ health and medical costs, further safety measures should be proposed to improve the medication-taking behaviour in patients with chronic diseases based on the relationship and internal mechanism of the influencing factors of the medication decision-making behaviour.