bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Nucleus Sterility Candidate Genes using a Resequencing Technique in Sweet Pepper Sterile Line AB91
Authors: Meng yaning , Yan Libin , Zhang Hongxiao , Fan Yanqin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background:Breeding hybrids with nuclear malesterile lines is an important method for the cross breeding of sweet peppers. To date, few reports have been published on the nuclear malesterility gene of sweet pepper.Yet, there are approximately 20 pepper nuclear malesterility lines in the world. Results: Using the self-developed testing material, sweet pepper nuclear malesterile dual-purpose line AB91, the genome-wide resequencing technique was applied to firstly find that the mutation site causing the abortion of sweet pepper nuclear malesterility AB91 is on chromosome #5. The mutation gene Capana05g000747 was filtered out and validated by the flight mass spectrometry genotyping and quantitative real-time PCR method and determined to be the gene causing the abortion of sweet pepper nuclear male sterility AB91.The gene Capana05g000747 mutation site is a non-synonymous mutation site located at the 6th exon,the base C mutated into A, and the amino acid changed from alanine to serine. The three-dimensional protein structure of fertile and sterile plant Capana05g000747 was predicted. The results showed that the three-dimensional structure of the two proteins was differed significantly. Sequence alignment analysis showed that the gene Capana05g000747 has a similar function to gene At2g02148. The gene At2g02148 contains a pentatricopeptide repeatprotein which has important physiological functions in the gene expression process of organelles and is closely related to the performance of malesterility genes. Conclusions: This study revealed that Capana05g000747 was selected as an important candidate gene for sweet pepper nuclear male sterile testingmaterial AB91.This gene provides a theoretical and technical foundation for further cloning as well as transformation and utilization of the gene.
Host based Detection and Prevention of Black Hole attacks by AODV-ICCSO Algorithm for security in MANETs
Authors: P Sathyaraj , D Rukmani Devi , Kannan K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (i.e.) MANETs are gaining rapid fame in recent days and are considered as very significant because of their easier implementation and growing property. Various types of attacks are prone to damage the networks due to the elastic property possessed by the network. And among different categories of attacks that can affect MANETs, black hole attack is considered as the commonly occurring one within a MANET. Chicken Swarm Optimization (CSO) algorithm is one among the technique used for the detection of black hole attacks occurring in the MANETs. But the CSO algorithm possesses some disadvantages and necessity rises for overcoming the weakness in the CSO algorithm. Objective: Therefore, in this research paper, to address the black hole attack in MANET, an Improved Crossover Chicken Swarm Optimization (ICCSO) algorithm and the concept of Enhanced Partially-Mapped Crossover operation proposed and the best fitness values obtained. Methods: In ICCSO algorithm, parameter initialization is carried out in step 1 of the algorithm, where the attacked nodes and non-attack nodes are created separately with the aid of parameters like PDR (i.e.) Packet Delivery Ratio and RSSI (i.e.) Received Signal Strength Indicator. Further, If the node is affected by any attack, then the nodes are discarded and the data is transmitted through the non-attacked node. Routing is carried by a protocol of AODV.Results: The effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in the work is evaluated using various performance measures like packet delivery ratio (PDR), end-to-end delay (EED) and throughput. The performance measures are compared with a different state of the art routing protocols and it can be inferred that the proposed methodology comes up with improved results.
Investigating the performance of hydroponic nutrient solutions as potential draw solutions for fertilizer drawn forward osmosis
Authors: Bassiouny Mohamed , Nasr Peter , Sewilam Hani 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This research project aims at investigating the performance of hydroponic nutrient solutions as draw solutions for desalination using the fertilizer drawn forward osmosis (FDFO) process. Six different lettuce and leafy greens hydroponic nutrient stock solutions were prepared according to the literature and used in this study and tested on a bench-scale forward osmosis unit as draw solutions for the process. The feed solution for the process was De-Ionized water mixed with NaCl in different concentrations, to represent different salinities of brackish groundwater. The draw efficiency of each solution was measured based on water flux, specific reverse solute flux, water recovery, and salt rejection. It was concluded that of the six tested nutrient solutions, the “Resh Florida, California” solution is the recommended solution to be used as draw solution for fertilizer drawn forward osmosis, due to its high performance in terms of water recovery (15.75%), flux (11 l/m2/h), salt rejection (92%) and SRSF (highest recorded SRSF for a specific ion (SO4 2−) was 7.3 g/l), as well as its low cost, relative to the other highly performing draw solution “Chekli” ($1.07/l vs. $3.73/l).
Role of Structural Specificity of ZnO Particles in Preserving Functionality of Proteins in their Corona
Authors: Singh Urvashi , Saifi Zeeshan , Kumar Mridul , Reimers Armin , Krishnananda Soami Daya , Adelung Rainer , Baum Martina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Reconfiguration of protein conformation in a micro and nano particle (MNP) protein corona due to interaction is an often-overlooked aspect in drug design and nano-medicine. Mostly, MNP-Protein corona studies focus on the toxicity of nano particles (NPs) in a biological environment to analyze biocompatibility. However, preserving functional specificity of proteins in an NP corona becomes critical for effective translation of nano-medicine. This paper investigates the non-classical interaction between insulin and ZnO MNPs using a classical electrical characterization technique at GHz frequency with an objective to understand the effect of the micro particle (MP) and nanoparticle (NP) morphology on the electrical characteristics of the MNP-Protein corona and therefore the conformation and functional specificity of protein. The MNP-Protein corona was subjected to thermal and enzymatic (papain) perturbation to study the denaturation of the protein. Experimental results demonstrate that the morphology of ZnO particles plays an important role in preserving the electrical characteristics of insulin.
Wideband High Gain Active Feedback Transimpedance Amplifier
Authors: Singh Preeti , Gupta Maneesha , Aggrawal Bhawna , rai shireesh kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a new wideband high gain CMOS transimpedance amplifier without using any inductor. In the proposed TIA, gain enhancing path is introduced in the active voltage-current feedback TIA topology to increase both the gain and bandwidth. This path increases the transconductance of the proposed TIA which reduces the input resistance and leads to bandwidth extension. Additionally, for utilizing the benefit of this topology, cascading of common source stage is also done to increase the gain further without deteriorating the bandwidth. Mathematical analysis is also performed to evaluate both the gain and bandwidth enhancement. These analyses are supported by simulations that are done using TSMC 180 nm CMOS technology with the input photodiode capacitance of 0.3 pF. The proposed TIA occupies 0.019 mm2 area and consumes 3.2 mW from the power supply of 1.8 V. Simulation results show that the transimpedance gain of the proposed TIA is 57.15 dBΩ over the bandwidth of 6.5 GHz. The input noise is 17.16 pA/√Hz.
Game Theory-Based Power Allocation Strategy for NOMA in 5G Cooperative Beamforming
Authors: Fadhil Mohammed , Kelechi Anabi Hilary , Nordin Rosdiadee , Abdullah Nor Fadzilah , Ismail Mahamod 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a Fifth Generation (5G) technique that allows many users to simultaneously access the same time–frequency separating channels via successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver. Cooperative NOMA (CNOMA) is an effective tool to prevent performance degradation of far users by allocating minimal power to users with good channel conditions. In this paper, we proposed a fair power and channel allocation scheme based on the Nash bargaining solution (NBS) game solution in full-duplex, cooperative beamforming (BF) for multicarrier (MC) NOMA. The proposed NBS scheme assigns optimal power and channel allocation according to channel conditions while maintaining a fair rate amongst cooperative users. NBS provides a fair and optimum approach for maximizing the total rate of CNOMA. The signal-to-leakage (SLR) ratio precoding technique is considered as a design performance criterion for beamforming vector towards achieving power domain CNOMA players. Simulation results show that at BER = \({10}^{-5}\), the NBS power allocation (proposed scheme) improved by 2 dB in terms of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)\(\), compared with the non-cooperative scheme, and 3 dB compared with the multiple-input multiple-output NOMA (MIMO-NOMA). In terms of fairness, the proposed NBS scheme shown a high level of fairness at 0.8401, compared to the other similar approaches in the literature.
Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of Breast Cancer and Lymphedema Symptom Experience Index.
Authors: Cachero-Rodriguez Judit , Menéndez-Aller Alvaro , Fernandez-Alvarez María del Mar , Llaneza-Folgueras Ana , Fu Mei , Martin-Payo Ruben 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aim: to translate and evaluate psychometric properties of the BCLE SEI Spanish version among Spanish-speaking breast cancer patients in Spain. Methods: cross-sectional, known-group comparison, and test-retest study design. To ensure the semantic equivalence and content validity, an integrative translation method was employed to translate the English version into Spanish. 286 patients were recruited, from 2018 to 2020, from the Asturias Central University Hospital, Spain. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability, and factor analysis, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: No semantic modifications to items were needed. The Spanish version of the instrument demonstrated excellent reliability (Cronbach's alpha= 0.93–0.97) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.78 – 0.87, n = 29). A significant difference was observed between the lymphedema group and non-lymphedema group (p < 0.001) in terms of total scale, symptom occurrence (p < 0.001), symptom distress of physical-functional (p <0.001), and psychosocial dimension (p <0.001). Factor analysis for symptom occurrence revealed a unidimensional factor and two factors were identified in symptom distress factor, which explained 45.71% and 54.77% of the total sample variance, respectively. Conclusions: This study provided initial evidence to support the psychometric properties and patient acceptance of the BCLE SEI Spanish version.
Real-Time Flood Classification Forecasting Based on k-Means++ Clustering and Neural Network
Authors: Caihong Hu , Xueli Zhang , Changqing Li , Chengshuai Liu , Jinxing Wang , Shengqi Jian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Floods are one of the most dangerous disasters that affect human beings. Timely and accurate flood forecasting can effectively reduce losses to human life and property as well as improve the utilization rate of flood resources. In this study, an F-K++ real-time flood classification forecasting framework based on k-means++, principal component analysis, and backpropagation (BP) neural network was constructed using the Jingle sub-basin, a tributary of the Yellow River Basin, as the study area. The model parameters of different flood types were obtained, and a flood classification and predictions were made based on the mature M-EIES model applied in the study area. The relationship between the hydrological model parameters and hydrological characteristics of the different flood types was analyzed. The results show that the flood real-time classification framework established in this study can be used for flood classifications and predictions in real time. The parameters of the flood classification and prediction model were consistent with the characteristics of the flood events. Compared with unclassified predictions, the accuracy of the classification and prediction models significantly improved. The Nash coefficient increased by 5%–11.62%, the relative error of the average flood peak was reduced by 6.08%–12.7%, the relative error of average flood volume was reduced by 5.74%–8.07%, and the time difference of the average peak was reduced by 43%–66%. The methodology proposed in this study can identify extreme flood events and provide scientific support for flood classifications and predictions, flood control and disaster reduction in river basins, and the efficient utilization of water resources.
Reducing Buffering Delay Using Memory Arbitration Mechanism for IPTV Based Applications
Authors: S Cammillus , S Shanmugavel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
High-speed communication needs high data transfer capacity and low latency, which are the key parameters of high-speed communication. Converging different applications such as IPTV to high-speed networks requires high transmission capacity and low delay with good QoS. Delays related to IPTV are video buffering, synchronization, and switching delay that obstructs the client's excellent quality assistance. In an application like IPTV, the video signals are buffered (happened to be in near end routers), and they are recombined for the client when it is asserted. To achieve the above stated, memory banks are deployed in a set top box that is used to buffer the video signals that enter in, thereby reducing expected delay. Playback mechanism is also included along with the proposed model to accomplish a better outcome. Proposed RTL schematic design was simulated using Verilog, executed in Model Sim – Altera 10.1b (Quartus II 12.1 edition) and Cadence 5.
Gravity cells as a necessary link in string theory. Energy and frequency of vibrations of gravitational strings. Obtaining a formula for determining the gravitational constant and a formula for determining the mass of an electron. The coincidence of the results obtained with the experimental data.
Authors: Chernov Andrey 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, a new concept is introduced - gravitational cells. The body of a black hole consists of a huge number of such cells. This hypothesis from particle physics has been organically built into string theory. As a result of this addition, using the Schwarzschild radius formula and the Coulomb formula, a formula for the gravitational constant in the region of black holes was obtained on the basis of two fundamental constants: the speed of light and elementary charge.Its value has been determined, and the value of the usual gravitational constant has been confirmed. In this study, the mass of the gravitational cell of a black hole was obtained.The introduction of the hypothesis of gravitational cells into string theory allowed us to apply Planck's formula to gravitational interaction. As a result, the formula for the quantum of the gravitational field was obtained, the frequency of vibrations of gravitational strings was determined. It was proved that the ratio of the energy of the gravitational quantum to the fourfold value of the Planck constant is directly proportional to the ratio of the masses of the electron and the proton inside the gravitational cell (inside the atom). On this basis, a formula for the mass of an electron was obtained on the basis of three fundamental constants. The electron mass calculated by the formula coincided with the known experimental value.
A Laboratory-Scale Study of Residential Greywater Treatment with Sugarcane in a Constructed Wetland
Authors: Boopathi Nandhagopal , Kadarkarai Rajeshkumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Water recycling is essential to reduce water scarcity in India due to population growth. Water for consumption is most crucial, it is equally important to provide water for irrigation to increase food production and livestock husbandry, to ensure food security for the increasing population. This paper deals with recycling and reuse of residential greywater (Wastewater from bathtubs, showers, hand washing basins and washing machines, kitchen sinks except for wastewater from toilet flushing system). In domestic wastewater 2/3 of wastewater is considered greywater. This greywater can be treated and reused for gardening, flushing, construction purposes, etc. Conventional treatment systems are highly sensitive and necessitate good monitoring and efficient process control. Hence, the natural wastewater treatment options such as treatment using aquatic plants are becoming quite attractive in this view. In this study, the sugarcane variety of CO86032 and CO 15027 were used for phytoremediation. Coarse aggregate (20 mm), Brick jelly (20 mm), and Red soil mixed with Coir pith (1/3 volume-based) were used as filter material of laboratory-scale constructed subsurface wetland system having size 0.92 m, 0.61 m, and 0.45 m of length, breadth, and depth respectively. The removal efficiency of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and Total Nitrogen (TN) was 77–89%, 66–81%, 70–91%, and 68–84% achieved during a retention time of 2 hours to 48 hours.
Dietary Triggers of Gut Inflammation Following Exclusive Enteral Nutrition in Children with Crohn’s Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Gkikas Konstantinos , Logan Michael , Nichols Ben , Ijaz Umer Z. , Clark Clare M. , Svolos Vaios , Gervais Lisa , Duncan Hazel , Garrick Vikki , Curtis Lee , Buchanan Elaine , Cardigan Tracey , Armstrong Lawrence , Delahunty Caroline , Flynn Diana M. , Barclay Andrew R. , Tayler Rachel , Milling Simon , Hansen Richard , Russell Richard K. , Gerasimidis Konstantinos 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives:The anti-inflammatory effect of exclusive enteral nutritionon thegut of children with Crohn’s disease is rapidly lost after food reintroduction. This study assessed disease dietary triggers following successful treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition.Methods: Nutrient intake, dietary patterns and dietary biomarkers in faeces (gluten immunogenic peptides, undigestible starch, short chain fatty acids) were assessed in 14 children with Crohn’s disease during early food reintroduction, following exclusive enteral nutrition. Groups above (Group A) and below (Group B) the median levels of faecal calprotectin after food reintroduction were assigned for comparative analysis. Results:Intakes of fibre, gluten-containing cereals and red and processed meat were significantly higher in Group A than Group B;(median [Q1, Q3], grams; Fibre: 12.1 [11.2, 19.9] vs 9.9 [7.6, 12.1], p=0.03; Red and processed meat: 151 [66.7, 190] vs 63.3[21.7, 67], p=0.02; gluten-containing cereals: 289 [207, 402] vs 203 [61, 232], p=0.035). A diet consisting ofcereals and meat products was predictive (92% accuracy) of higher faecal calprotectin levels after food reintroduction. In faeces, butyrate levels, expressed as absolute concentration and relative abundance,were higher in Group A than Group B by 28.4 μmol/g (p=0.015)and 6.4% (p=0.008), respectively.Levels of gluten immunogenic peptide and starch in faeces did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions:This pilot study identified potential dietary triggers of gut inflammation in children with Crohn’s disease after food reintroduction following treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition.Trial registration: Clinical trials.gov registration number: NCT02341248; Clinical trials.gov URL:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02341248 (retrospectively registered)
Offline rTMS of the primary and premotor cortices does not impact motor sequence memory consolidation despite modulation of corticospinal excitability
Authors: Psurek Felix , King Bradley Ross , Classen Joseph , Rumpf Jost-Julian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Motor skills are acquired and refined across alternating phases of practice (online) and subsequent consolidation in the absence of further skill execution (offline). Both stages of learning are sustained by dynamic interactions within a widespread motor learning network including the premotor and primary motor cortices. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of the dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC) and its interaction with the primary motor cortex (M1) during motor memory consolidation. Forty-eight healthy human participants (age 22.1 ± 3.1 years) were assigned to three different groups corresponding to different offline repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) interventions. 1Hz rTMS of either left dPMC, left M1, or sham rTMS was applied immediately after explicit motor sequence training with the right hand. Motor evoked potentials were recorded before training and after rTMS to assess changes of corticospinal excitability (CSE). Participants were retested on the motor sequence after eight hours to assess consolidation. While CSE was not modulated in the sham rTMS group, post-training rTMS increased and decreased CSE when targeting dPMC and M1, respectively. However, all groups demonstrated similar significant offline learning over the day indicating that offline consolidation was not modulated by the post-training rTMS interventions despite evidence of an interaction of dPMC and M1 at the level of CSE. Motor memory consolidation ensuing explicit motor sequence training seems to be a rather robust process that is not affected by rTMS-induced perturbations of dPMC or M1. Findings further indicate that consolidation of explicitly acquired motor skills is neither mediated nor reflected by post-training CSE.