bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rikollisuus ja sosiaalisen disorganisaation teoria Chicagon sosiologisen koulukunnan tutkimuksissa 1918-1948
Authors: Niskanen Vilma , Pietikäinen Petteri 
Published: October 2021

Artikkeli tarkastelee sosiaalisen disorganisaation käsitteen ja teorian alkuperää ja kehitystä aatehistoriallisesta näkökulmasta. Lähdeaineistona ovat keskeiset Chicagon sosiologisen koulukunnan julkaisut vuosien 1918 ja 1948 välillä. Kirjoittajien erityishuomio on kohdistunut ensinnäkin sosiaalisen disorganisaation käsitteen esille tuloon ja varhaiseen soveltamiseen William I. Thomasin, Robert E. Parkin ja muiden Chicagon sosiologien kirjoituksissa, ja toiseksi käsitteen ja teorian hyödyntämiseen Clifford R. Shaw’n ja Henry D. McKayn merkittävässä kriminologisessa tutkimuksessa Juvenile Delinquency and Urban Areas (1942). Artikkelissa esitetään, että sosiaalisen disorganisaation teorialla oli keskeinen osa Chicagon sosiologien tutkimuksissa, joissa yhteiskunnallista muutosta ja sosiaalista kontrollia käsitteellistettiin nopeasti kasvavan Chicagon kaupunkielämään keskittyvän empiirisen havainnoinnin pohjalta. Teoria oli laajassa käytössä yhdysvaltalaisessa kriminologiassa ja muissa yhteiskuntatieteissä siksi, että sen avulla kyettiin antamaan uskottavia sosiologisia selityksiä (suur)kaupunkien kasvun ja muutoksen tuomista ongelmista. Teoria joutui suurelta osin marginaaliin 1960-luvulla, mutta 1980-luvulla kriminologinen kiinnostus sosiaaliseen disorganisaatioon alkoi jälleen kasvaa, ja nykyisin teoriaa käytetään kriminologian lisäksi aluetutkimuksessa, kaupunkisosiologiassa ja psykiatriassa.

Vilma Niskanen and Petteri Pietikäinen: Crime and the theory of social disorganization in the studies of the Chicago School of Sociology between 1918 and 1948.
This article examines the origin and development of the concept and theory of social disorganization from the methodological perspective of intellectual history. Based on the study of publications of the main representatives of the Chicago School of Sociology between the years 1918 and 1948, the article analyses the ways in which social disorganization was first discussed by William I. Thomas, Robert E. Park and other Chicago sociologists, and how the concept and theory was later used in Shaw’s and McKay’s influential criminological study Juvenile Delinquency and Urban Areas (1942). At the outset, the notion of social disorganization was central to the Chicago sociologists’ conceptualization of social change and social control that they observed first-hand in the streets of the rapidly growing City of Chicago. The authors argue that theory was widely used in American social science, including criminology, between the 1920s and 1950s, because it had strong explanatory force in the study of social problems in urban areas undergoing changes and re-organization. After becoming marginalized as a theory in the 1960s, a criminological interest in social disorganization increased through the 1980s, and at present it is used not only in criminology but also in area studies, urban sociology and psychiatry.
Keywords: social disorganisation – Chicago school of sociology – history of sociology and criminology – urban sociology
Maize productivity analysis in response to climate change under different nitrogen management strategies
Authors: NISHANT K SINHA  , M. MOHANTY  , J. SOMASUNDARAM  , R. S. CHAUDHARY  , H. PATRA  , K. M. HATI  , RANA PRATAP SINGH  , JYOTI KUMAR THAKUR  , JITENDRA KUMAR  , DHIRAJ KUMAR  , ALKA RANI  , A. B. SINGH  , S K BAL  , K. SAMMI REDDY  , M. PRABHAKAR  
Published: October 2021

The evaluation of climatic change impact on maize grain and biomass yield under different N management practices through a well-calibrated and validated APSIM model in Vertisol of central India has been made. Climate scenarios were derived from seven global climate models (GCM) for two representative concentration pathways (RCPs), i.e. RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, and two-time slices, i.e. 2050 and 2080. The five N scenarios, namely N0%, N50%, N100%, N150%, and 100% organic, were studied in different climatic scenarios. The probability of exceedance showed that N0%, N50%, N100%, N150%, and 100% organic treatments have a 50% chance of yield greater than 1.0, 3.40, 4.20, 4.45 and 3.84 t ha-1, respectively. The average reduction of maize yield was -44.4, -20, -19.7 - 17.9 and 22.5 per cent in N 0%, N 50%, N 100%, N 150%, 100% organic, respectively under RCP4.5 over the baseline period (1980-2010). For RCP8.5, the average reduction of maize yield in N 0%, N 50%, N 100%, N 150%, 100% organic was 41.2, 21.2, 20.8 20.6 and 23.1 per cent, respectively. Simulation results suggested that a higher decrease of maize yield in 100 per cent organic treatments than inorganic treatments is due to variability in N uptake.
Analisa Pengolahan Linen Di Puskesmas Kecamatan Tanah Abang Tahun 2020
Authors: Habibi Yusuf 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The processing of linen at the Tanah Abang District Health Center, Central Jakarta still does not meet the Standard Operating Procedures in accordance with the Minister of Health Regulation No. 07 of 2019 concerning Hospital Environmental Health. If the handling of linen is not managed properly, it will result in disease transmission, namely nosocomial infection. This study aims to analyze the processing of linen at the Tanah Abang District Health Center in 2021.
Methods: The design of this research is qualitative descriptive. Data collection methods in this study using observation data, interviews, documentation. The objects of this research include the officer in charge of linen, and the laundry clerk. The data analysis technique used is the data analysis model of Miles and Huberman, namely data collection data, data reduction, data presentation, Conclusion Drawing / Verification. The time of the research was carried out from January to March 2021
Results: Linen processing at the Tanah Abang District Health Center is carried out in accordance with the Regulation of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 07 of 2019, at the linen collection stage there are 2 requirements (50%) meet the requirements and 2 requirements (50%) do not meet the requirements because at the time the linen collection has not been labeled infectious, the linen acceptance stage has 2 requirements (100%) fulfilling the requirements, the linen washing stage has 2 requirements (66.6%) meets the requirements, 1 requirement (33.3%) does not meet the requirements due to unavailability of scales, the linen washing stage has 1 requirement (100%) meets the requirements, the linen ironing stage has 1 requirement (100%) does not meet the requirements, the linen storage stage has 1 requirement (100%) meets the requirements, the linen distribution stage has 1 requirement (100%) meets the requirements, the linen transport stage has 5 requirements (100%) has met the requirements.
Discussion: Analysis of linen processing at the Tanah Abang District Health Center in 2020, namely the implementation of linen management at the Tanah Abang District Health Center in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 07 of 2019 concerning Hospital environmental health. In the management of linen, there are three stages that do not meet the requirements, such as the storage stage, the washing stage, and the ironing stage. This is due to the lack of facilities that support linen management activities which make linen management not eligible.
Senam Aerobik Low Impact dapat Menurunkan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia dengan Hipertensi
Authors: Nurafifah Adethia Siti 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Hypertension is the number 3 cause of death after stroke and tuberculosis which reaches 6,7% and the population of death at all ages in indonesia, non pharmacological treatment is proven to be able to control blood pressureso that pharmocological treatment is no longer needed or at least delayed,one of the non- pharmacological treatment that can be done by elderly hypertensi is hypertension is physical activity or mild exercise. The objective in this study is to know the aerobic gymnastics low impact on blood pressure by hypertension in elderly.
Methods: The kind of research is a quasi experimental with one group pre and post test design with control .The sample collection purposive use sampling techniques, with the rest of 16 respondents. The research uses a measuring instrument sphygmomanometer.
Results: statistical tests using the t dependent, the significance of systolic blood pressure pre test-sistolik post = 0,01 test the p. Blood pressure diastolik pre test-diastolik post test.
Discussion: From the results of research that has been carried out, it is found that respondents who intervened by doing low impact aerobic exercise on the elderly, namely there was an effect of giving low impact aerobic exercise on the elderly who had hypertension. In conclusion there is influence gymnastic aerobic low the blood pressure or hypertension in elderly.
Intrapopulation Diversity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Response to Copper Ions: Growth and Photosynthetic Performance Under Stress
Authors: Pluciński Bartosz , Waloszek Andrzej , Rutkowska Joanna , Strzałka Kazimierz 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Despite being an essential micronutrient, copper is also a potentially toxic heavy metal. Using selection experiments, we produced
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
populations with increased tolerance of copper ions and then derived pure cell lines from these populations. Strains derived from the same population (both adapted and nonadapted) significantly differed in terms of growth parameters. Cultivation of the strains in a range of copper ion concentrations revealed differences in growth and photosynthetic performance, which could be attributed to microevolutionary processes occurring with each cell division. Our results demonstrate the effects of environmental factors on rapidly multiplying microorganisms.
COPING ESPIRITUAL RELIGIOSO EM INSTITUIÇÕES DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA NO NORTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Macedo Elaine Pinheiro Neves de , Esperandio Mary Rute Gomes 
Published: October 2021

A mudança de papéis, as perdas e as transformações físicas que caracterizam o contexto da velhice levantam a pergunta sobre o papel da espiritualidade neste cenário. O estudo objetiva analisar o modo como residentes de Instituições de Longa Permanência para Pessoas Idosas (ILPIs) utilizam a espiritualidade como recurso para o enfrentamento (coping) do estresse e do sofrimento. A pesquisa foi realizada em 18 ILPIs da região Norte do Paraná, com 188 participantes. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa com estudo de campo de corte transversal. Os dados foram coletados a partir da aplicação da Escala de Coping Espiritual Religioso (CER BREVE), da Escala da Centralidade da Religiosidade e questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados apontam média da amostra do CER Positivo (M=4,14 e DP=0,78) e o CER Negativo (M=1,23 e DV=0,49). A amostra analisada (4,0 a 5,0) indica que a religiosidade é central na vida da pessoa idosa institucionalizada, considerada altamente religiosa. Conclui-se que as pessoas idosas reconhecem a importância da espiritualidade/religiosidade e se beneficiam dela para enfrentar os problemas e superá-los. Fornecer treinamento para o cuidado espiritual de pessoas idosas pode ser uma grande contribuição da Teologia a fim de promover melhores cuidados em ILPIs.
Study on the Effect of Socio-Demographic Factors on Different Congenital Disorders
Authors: Majumder Poulami , Kumar Dey Subrata 
Published: October 2021

Congenital disorders define the disease that occurs since the birth of a baby. Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, cleft lip, and congenital heart disease are the most common congenital disorders worldwide. A retrospective study was carried out, examining the effect of sociodemographic factors on congenital anomalies in the state of West Bengal, India, over a period of 6 years. A total of 595 cases with congenital disorders including Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and other abnormalities (cleft lip/palate, syndactyly, ambiguous genitalia) were statistically analyzed along with the sociodemographic characteristics through Statistical Analysis System (SAS) 9.3.2. Down syndrome is seemed to be associated with age, ethnicity, parental addiction, especially smoking, while Turner syndrome is associated with ethnicity and gender. Other congenital disorders such as ambiguous genitalia are found to be associated with maternal addiction.
Computational Study of A15 Ru-Based Alloys for High-Temperature Structural Applications
Authors: Oliver Mnisi Bhila , Moseti Benecha Evans , Malebo Tibane Meriam 
Published: October 2021

The structural, magnetic, electronic and elastic properties of A15 X3Ru (X = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) binary alloys are investigated using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) methods. Ru-based alloys have attracted remarkable research interest due to their unique properties, which make them suitable for high-temperature structural applications. In this chapter, the properties of several A15 Ru-based alloys are investigated in order to select the best suitable alloy/s for aerospace application. Heats of formation are calculated to determine the thermodynamic stability of the materials. Knowledge of the values of elastic constants is essential for understanding the mechanical properties of the materials. From our calculated elastic constants, the bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, melting temperature, anisotropic factor and the ratio B/G are determined. The electronic density of states are calculated and discussed. Lastly, the magnetic properties of A15 X3Ru alloys are studied. Thermodynamically stable Mn3Ru possesses high-magnetic moment compared to other X3Ru alloys, these results could pave way to experimental realization (synthesis) of Mn3Ru material.
The Final Battle, DKM Bismarck vs the British Royal Navy May 1941 A Seakeeping Analysis
Authors: Kery Sean M. , Garzke William H. 
Published: October 2021

This paper focuses on the effect of the sea conditions and ship motions on ship operations and combatant activities. Readers interested in an exhaustive discussion of Bismarck, her creation and these epic battles in never before seen detail are encouraged to consult Garzke, 2019.
The sea conditions were reported in the ship’s logs and were used to drive modern seakeeping tools to evaluate the probable ship motions. From the ship motions we have calculated the effect that these would have on the ability to train and elevate the guns for range.
Identification of dehydrin genes Dhn1 and Zmdhn13 alleles in maize varieties and lines
Authors: Halaieva M. V. , Fait V. I. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. Determination of molecular genetic polymorphism of maize varieties and lines (Zea mays L.) of Ukrainian and world selection by Dhn1 and ZmDHN13 dehydrin genes. Methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), PAAgel-electrophoresis. Results. Maize varieties and lines of different geographical origin and different years of creation were analyzed by Dhn1 and ZmDhn13 dehydrin genes. Conclusions. The use of directional primers revealed five different alleles of the Dhn1 locus, which differed in the size of the amplification product: 186, 190, 194, 196 and 200 bp. The most common allele was 196 bp (46.2%). Two alleles of the ZmDhn13 locus were detected: 86 bp and 82 bp. Allele frequency 86 bp was 61.5% and the allele frequency 82 bp was 38.5%. The sequences of the dehydrin genes Dhn1 and ZmDhn13 are not conservative, deletions and / or insertions within these genes are observed. Accordingly, the structure and functional activity of the dehydrin proteins that encode these genes in different genotypes can vary greatly.
Keywords: Zea mays L., dehydrins, genes, drought resistance.
Polymorphism of FABP3 gene and its effect on litter size and milk production of synthetic population bulgarian milk ewes
Authors: Dimitrova I. V. , Bozhilova-Sakova M. G. , Ivanova T. S. , Koutev V. I. , Ignatova M. M. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. The purpose of this work was to study polymorphism of FABP3 (heart-type fatty acid binding protein) gene and its effect on litter size and milk production. The experiment included 30 ewes of Synthetic Population Bulgarian Milk breed from Institute of Animal Science – Kostinbrod. Methods. By PCR-RFLP method with endonuclease BseDI in SNP3 of FABP3 gene were detected two genotypes – GG and AG. Results. In SNP3 of FABP3 gene the frequency of allele G was 0.85 and the frequency of allele A was 0.15. The genotype GG was with frequency 0.70 and AG – with 0.30. Conclusions. In this study of ewes from SPBM breed, the presence of heterozygous genotype AG in SNP3 of the FABP3 was associated with increased litter size, while the presence of the homozygous genotype GG led to increased milk productivity during lactation.
Keywords: sheep, FABP3 gene, litter size, milk production.
Research of cytotoxic activity of drinking water using methods in vitro
Authors: Vergolyas M. R. , Kovalenko D. V. , Khaliman I. O. , Vikhliaieva M. V. , Molozhan K. O. , Verholias o. o. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. The aim of this work is to assess the quality of drinking water of various origins by its cytotoxic effect on human and animal cell cultures in in vitro experiments. Methods. The cytotoxic effect of control water obtained in accordance with the requirements of DSTU 4174: 2003, tap water, pump room and packaged Evian water was studied. The studies were carried out on NEC-293 cells (human kidney cells) and L929 (mouse fibroblasts) cells from the Institute of Microbiology and Virology named after V.I. D.K. Zabolotny National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Results. Studies in the MTT test of cytotoxicity of these water samples showed that tap water and bottled water exhibited the greatest toxic activity against human kidney cells of the NEC-293 line (the number of viable cells under their influence was 61.84% and 79.06%, respectively). Under the influence of water from the pump room - 84.55%, the control water showed the least influence - 93.13%. In the test with sulforhodamine B, the number of living cells under the influence of control water was 100.00%, tap water 80.15%, water from pump rooms 97.11%, Evian 84.70%. Conclusions. The greatest cytotoxic effect according to the MTT test and the test with sulforhodamine B on human kidney cells of the HEK-293 line and fibroblasts of the L929 mouse was exhibited by tap and bottled water. The least influence on the viability of the cells was exerted by the water from the pump room and the control. The negative effect of water on cell viability was manifested in the dysfunction of mitochondria and protein synthesis.
Keywords: cytotoxicity, cell culture, drinking water.
. Genes of proline metabolism in biotechnology of increasing wheat osmostability
Authors: Mykhalska S. I. , Komisarenko A. G. , Kurchii V. M. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. To analyse effectiveness of introduced genes of ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (oat) Medicago truncatula and fragments of two copies of first exon and intron of the gene prolinedehydrogenase (pdh) of Arabidopsis thaliana, that form double stranded RNA suppressor of gene of the prolinedehydrogenase wheat, in the increase of her productivity for the actions ofosmotic stress. Methods. Determination of the content of free L-proline (Pro); of the activity of the enzyme ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (OAT), the activity of proline dehydrogenase (PDG), indicators of crop structure. Results. It was found that wheat plants with an additional copy of the oat gene are characterized by increased OAT activity, which is not reflected in the Pro content. Analysis of plants with integrated elements that form a double-stranded RNA suppressor of the pdh gene found a decrease in PDG activity and an increase in Pro content. It was found that T2 generation of biotechnological plants UK 322/17 with suppressor of the pdh gene and UK 95/17 with an additional copy of the oat gene, in drought conditions were characterized by higher rates for a number of crop elements compared to their original forms. Conclusions. Increased expression of the oat gene leads to improved wheat growth, which has a positive effect on plant productivity in conditions of water deficiency. Partial suppression of the proline dehydrogenase gene causes improved performance due to the increased content of free proline during drought.
Keywords: wheat, transgenic plants, proline, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase, proline dehydrogenase, soil drought, grain productivity.
Genetic transformation of promising genotypes of winter bread wheat by in planta method
Authors: Slivka L. V. , Dubrovna O. V. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. Optimization of conditions and genetic transformation of new promising genotypes of winter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by in planta method. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by the in planta method using strain AGL0 and vector construct pBi-OAT. Results. The influence of air temperature, optical density of cells of agrobacterial suspension, inoculation day and composition of inoculation medium on the frequency of obtaining transgenic plants of new promising genotypes of winter wheat was studied. The dependence of the frequency of obtaining transgenic plants on environmental conditions, in particular temperature, has been established. It was found that the temperature regime of 20-22 °C provided the largest number (4.4%) of wheat transformants, and when the temperature is reduced to 16-18 °C there is a decrease in the efficiency of T-DNA transfer into the plant genome and the lowest frequency of transformation is observed. Conclusions. The largest number of transformants was obtained using a inoculation medium without sucrose, the optical density of cells of the agrobacterial suspension of 0.4 op.od. and inoculation on the third day after castration of ears.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase gene.
Influence of the constituents of Izatison, DMSO and PEG400, on the growth and the grain productivity of the oat cultivar Nezlamny during two generations after the seed treatment
Authors: Katsan V. A. , Potopalsky A.I. , Zadorozhnii B.O. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. The investigation of the influence of the constituents of Izatison, DMSO and PEG400, on the oat growth and its grain productivity during 2 generations after the seed treatment became the aim of this study for the elucidation of mechanism of Izatison stimulant influence. Methods. The broad scale of the concentrations of the solvents composition in the proportion, to be as in Izatison, was used. The plants were grown in the field. The growth processes were evaluated by the stem height on the tubing stage. The grain productivity was characterized by the panicle length, the grains number in the panicle and of theirs weight. Results. The dependence of influence of the solvents composition on the stem growth from its concentration was detected in the first generation. In some variants the negative influence was revealed on the grains number in the panicle and on theirs weight. The stimulation of the growth regardless from the solvents concentration was observed in the second generation and the more pronounced negative effect on the grain productivity. Conclusions. The solvents DMSO and PEG400 are able to influence on the oat growth and its productivity, and that effect was manifested also in 2 generation after the seed treatment.
Keywords: Izatison, DMSO, PEG400, oat growth and grain productivity.