bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a 23-Gene Signature for Prognosis Prediction in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Jichang , Wang Yadong , Zhong Weiqing , Liu Yong , Wang Kai , Cong Lei , Du Jiajun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer remains the most fatal tumorous disease in the worldwide. Among that, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was the most common histological type. A precise and concise prognostic model was urgently needed of LUAD. We developed a 23-gene signature for prognosis prediction based on EMT, immune and stromal datasets.Methods: Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to select genes which were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) of the TCGA LUAD cohorts. LASSO regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to build the multi-gene signature. Enrichment analyses and a protein-protein interactions (PPI) network were performed to show the interaction and functions of the signature. A nomogram was developed based on risk score and other clinical features. Predictive performance of the signature was externally validated in two independent datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE37745 and GSE13213).Results: A total of 1334 EMT, immune and stromal associated genes were obtained. After LASSO regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis, a 23-gene signature for risk stratification was built. K-M curves showed that the patients with high risk had a poorer outcome. Finally, a nomogram was built to predict prognosis. The predictive performance of the 23-gene signature was confirmed in internal and external validation.Conclusion: We developed and verified a 23-gene signature based on EMT, immune and stromal gene sets. It provided a convenient and concise tool for risk stratificationand individual medicine.
Surface Plasmon Resonance Effect of Ag@BiOCl and its Enhanced Visible Light-photodegradation of Acid Red B
Authors: Liang Linlin , Lv Yunkai , Yu Zhengming , Wu Ruifang , Shi Qi , Chen Hua , Wang Jing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Using AgNO3 as the Ag source, the Ag@BiOCl photocatalyst was prepared by depositing noble metal Ag on the surface of BiOCl by solvothermal method. Ag exists as spherical particles with a diameter of 40 nm. Based on the surface plasmon resonance effect (SPR) of Ag, the photoresponse range of BiOCl was successfully extended to the visible light region, which reduced the photo-generated electron-hole recombination efficiency and improved the charge transfer efficiency. The photocatalytic performance of Ag@BiOCl was studied under visible light. The results show that when the Ag content is 10wt%, it exhibits excellent effects on the degradation of acid red B (ARB), and its degradation rate constant is 11 times larger than that of BiOCl. The active substance-capturing test results show that the main role in photocatalytic degradation of ARB is voids.
In vitro anti-yeast activity, kinetics and mechanism of action of essential oils from two Cameroonian medicinal plants.
Authors: Tchinang Tatiana Flore Kemegni , Foé Florentine Marie-Chantal Ndoyé , Keumoe Rodrigue , Zeuko’o Elisabeth Menkem , Fekam Fabrice Boyom , Etoa François-Xavier 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Treatment of Candida infections, increasingly difficult due to antifungal drug resistance has drawn attention toward the search for innovative and effective drugs. Results: Essential oils (EOs) from Drypetes gossweileri (DG) stem bark showed activity with MIC value of 62.5 µg/mL against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilopsis, whereas EOs from Pentadiplandra brazzeana (PB) root exhibited MICs of 125 µg/mL and 250 µg/mL against the respective yeasts. The EOs were fungicidal with synergism on C. parapsilopsis and additivity on C. albicans, with 2 to 64-fold drop in MIC values. The MIC combination of 31.25/7.81 µg/mL and 1.95/31.25 µg/mL (DG/PB EOs) required 20 and 18 hours of exposure, respectively to effectively kill 99.9% of the inoculum, this accompanied by alteration of the cell walls and membranes of yeasts. Conclusion: The potency of the EOs combinations indicates further directions in their investigation as potential anticandidal agents.
Small Extracellular Vesicles Released from Glioma Cells Under Hypoxic Conditions Induce Pericyte-phenotype Transition of Glioma Stem Cells.
Authors: Cheng Yue , Li Shijie , Hou Yongying , Wang Weijun , Wang Ke , Yuan Ye , Ye Xiufeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:The prognosis of malignant glioblastoma (GBM) is dismal despite advances in surgery, radiation and chemotherapy treatments. Thus, alternative therapy strategies are urgently needed. Antiangiogenic therapy for cancer offers the possibility of universal efficacy. However, preclinical and clinical studies suggest that this therapy using anti-VEGF drug Avastin (Bevacizumab) may lead to a pro-migratory phenotype in therapy resistant GBM and thus actively promote tumor invasion and recurrent tumor growth. Methods: An ultracentrifugation strategy was used to isolate glioma-derived sEVs under hypoxic or normoxic conditions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blotting, and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were used to characterize these isolated particles. Cytochalasin D was added to disrupt cellular sEVs uptake. A tube formation assay was used to evaluate angiogenic activity, while ELISAs and Western blotting were used to assess the activated TGF-β signaling pathway. The effects of sEVs on glioma stem cells (GSCs) in vivo were evaluated using subcutaneous xenografts model system in nude mice. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining were set out to evaluate the pericyte-phenotype transition of GSCs.Results: In this present study, we showed that hypoxia could promote the release of sEVs by glioblastoma cells and hypoxia-induced glioma-derived sEVs could be taken up by GSCs. This internalization of sEVs promoted tumor growth in mouse Xenografts through the pericyte-phenotype transition of GSCs. We also demonstrated hypoxia-derived sEVs can efficiently deliver TGF-β1 to GSCs. The activated TGF-β signaling pathway mediated this kind of phenotype transition. In addition, combination of Ibrutinib and Bevacizumab showed more effective in targeting GBM. Conclusion: This present study provides a new interpretation to the failure of antiangiogenesis therapy in noncurative surgical resection of GBM, and discovers promising brain-specific therapeutic targets for this damaging tumor.
CircAPP Competes with APP mRNA to Promote Malignant Progression of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Qi Minjun , Cao Wei , Wu Xingyu , Mao Weijiang , Cao Kai , Lu Chao , liu xiaowu , Zuo Li 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer (BCa) is the most common cancer in the urinary system with high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel subclass of noncoding-RNAwhich participate in progression of BCa. Here, we identified a novel circRNA—circAPP and aimed to investigate the role of circAPP in progression of BCa.Method: Public data of RNA sequencing was used to identify significant circRNA related to BCa. The role of circRNAs in progression in BCa was assessed in cytotoxicity assay, transwell assay andflow cytometry. Biotin-coupled RNA pull-down and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to evaluate the interaction between circRNAs and miRNAs. Results: The expression of circAPP was higher in BCa tissues and cells than in normal samples. In vitro experiments showed that knockdown of circAPP inhibited cell proliferation and impeded the metastasis of BCa cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that circAPP acts as a sponge for miR-186-5p and promotes host gene APP’s expression. Clinically, circAPP predicts worse overall survival of BCa patients, indicating its prognostic value.Conclusion: Our study identified that circAPP modulates metastasis of BCa through miR-186-5p/APP aixs and may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker for BCa, which provides novel insights into treatment of BCa.
Implementation and Optimization of CNTFET Based Ultra-Low Energy Delay Flip Flop Designs
Authors: swami komal , Sharma Ritu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Energy conservation and delay minimization are the two major goals while designing ultra-low-power digital integrated circuits at lower technology nodes. Here, silicon based carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) has been explored as a novel material for future electronics design applications (EDA). In this paper, two energy-efficient switching activity minimization techniques have been applied with proposed designs. First technique detects the completion of sensing stage operation known as transition completion detection (TCD) technique. TC signal generated from NAND operation of complementary outputs of sensing stage which minimizes glitches in the complementary outputs of the latch stage. Another clock gating mechanism applied at the latch stage to smoothen the output waveforms Q and . The proposed and existing designs simulated using 32nm CMOS and 32nm CNTFET technology, indicating that the CNTFET based design reduces power by 45% and 36% respectively in comparison with conventional CMOS. Proposed Low Power Sense Amplifier Flip Flop with transition control detection (TCD-LPSAFF) and Ultra Low Energy Sense Amplifier Flip Flop (ULESAFF) give optimum power delay product (PDP) which is 35.7x10-18 J and 29.6x10-18 J respectively. Also, the effect of process variation has been analyzed at specified corners (FF, TT and SS) in the temperature range of -40º C to 120º C. The performance of all designs has been validated by functionality testing with variation in diameter, number of tubes and pitch respectively.
Multi-institutional Survey of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Patients in the Hokushin Region
Authors: Uramoto Hidetaka , Takiguchi Tomoya , Koizumi Tomonobu , Tanimoto Azusa , Hayashi Ryuji , Nakazawa Yozo , Ito Ken-ichi , Nakada Mitsutoshi , Hirono Yasuo , Nishino Yoshikazu , Yano Seiji 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a major occupational and environmental neoplasm. The purpose of this study was to validate the clinical and epidemiological factors, diagnosis, and initial treatment among MPM patients.Methods: We surveyed retrospective data from 152,921 cancer patients in 22 principal hospitals.Results: A total of 166 MPM cases were newly diagnosed. These patients consisted of 136 men and 30 women, with a median age of 69 years old. We estimated the incidence rate for MPM to be 0.55 cases per 100,000 person-years in this study. The ratio per 100,000 population-years was 0.39 in Fukui, 0.60 in Ishikawa, 1.02 in Toyama and 0.35 in Nagano. Forty-five patients were discovered at follow-up of other diseases. Forty-six cases were diagnosed as localized disease, while 13 had accompanying regional lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, 44 cases showed infiltration into adjacent organs. A histo-cytological diagnosis was made in 164 cases (98.8%). A surgical approach, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were performed for 33, 88, and 6 patients, respectively, while 44 patients (26.5%) received best supportive care. Multimodality therapy was conducted in just 3.0% of the MPM patients.Conclusion: MPM has a tragically rapid progression if discovered during follow-up of other diseases. Workers in health-related fields should be on high alert for aggressive MPM. New therapeutic options for MPM are urgently required.
Financial Crises and Climate Change
Authors: Jalles Joao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We empirically assess by means of the local projection method, the impact of financial crises on climate change vulnerability and resilience. Using a new dataset covering 178 countries over the period 1995–2017, we observe that resilience to climate change shocks has been increasing and that advanced economies are the least vulnerable. Our econometric results suggest that financial crises (particularly systematic banking ones) tend to lead to a short-run deterioration in a country´s resilience to climate change. This effect is more pronounced in developing economies. In downturns, if an economy is hit by a financial crisis, climate change vulnerability increases. Results are robust to several sensitivity checks.
Anticonvulsant activity of methanolic extract of Withania cogulans in mice
Authors: Khattak Zenat Fatima , Insari Bushra , Jamal Muhammad , Awan Abdul Aleem , Sherkheli Muhammad Azhar , Haq Rizwan Ul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Mental and neurological diseases including depression, Parkinson’s disease, dementia, epilepsy, anxiety disorders and bipolar disorders account for a considerable amount of the world’s disease burden. Unfortunately, drugs used in the treatment of neurological diseases are expensive, symptomatic and they produce undesirable side effects. People from different cultures prefer to use medicinal plants for the treatment of various ailments ranging from plain to perplex disorders because they are most affordable, cost effective and easily accessible source of treatment in the primary healthcare system throughout the world. Withania coagulans, an erect grayish under-shrub belongs to family Solanaceae. It is common in Pakistan, East India, Iran and Afghanistan. The objective of this study was to analyze the anti-seizure activity of crude methanolic extract of Withania coagulans fruits (MeWc). For screening of this activity, maximal electroshock seizures model (MES) and chemically-induced seizures models were used. In maximal electroshock seizures test MeWc showed significant dose dependent percent protection against hind-limb tonic extension; significant and dose-dependent increase in latency to myoclonic jerks and tonic clonic convulsions and decrease in seizures duration were observed in PTZ-induced seizures. In strychnine-induced convulsions MeWc significantly increased latency to hind-limb tonic extension and percent protection from death in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, it was inferred from the experiments that extract of Withania coagulans showed anticonvulsant activity.
A Novel Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm for Multi-objective Optimization: DSGA
Authors: Long Qiang , Li Guoquan , Jiang Lin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Non-dominated sorting is a critical component of all multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs). A large percentage of computational cost of MOEAs is spent on non-dominated sorting. So the complexity of non-dominated sorting method in a large extent decides the efficiency of the MOEA. In this paper, we present a novel non-dominated sorting method called the dynamic non-dominated sorting (DNS). It is based on the sorting of each objective instead of dominance comparisons. The computational compelxity of DNS is $O(mN\log N)$ ($m$ is the number of objectives, $N$ is the population size), which equals to the best record so far. Based on DNS, we introduce a novel multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) called the dynamic non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (DSGA). Then, some numerical comparisons between different non-dominated sorting method are presented. The results shows that DNS is efficient and promising. Finally, numerical experiments on DSGA are also given. The results show that DSGA outperforms some other MOEAs both on general-scale and large-scale multi-objective problems.
Cardiac and Respiratory Arrest in a 12-Year-Old Girl with Acute Permethrin Toxicity: A Case Report
Authors: Atashi Hesam Adin , Arani Hamid Zaferani , Ghorani Seyyed Mojtaba , Khorasani Mahya Sadat Teimouri , Moalem Masoumeh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Permethrin (PER) is widely employed as the most frequently used type I synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Despite its worldwide application, reports of pediatric toxicity following permethrin administration are scarce.Case presentation: The present case report involves a 12-year-old Afghan girl, with no previous medical problems, who drank an unknown insecticide covertly at home. Two hours after ingestion, she was taken to the emergency room with neither breathing signs nor a heartbeat. She was immediately transferred to the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) room, and her spontaneous circulation was returned after a few minutes of CPR. She was then intubated, volume resuscitated with intravenous normal saline, and connected to the mechanical ventilator after being transferred to the ICU ward. The patient remained comatose without spontaneous breathing, her pupils became bilateral mydriasis, and central diabetes insipidus became evident after three days due to apnea and hypoxic brain damage following insecticide ingestion. The chemical analysis of the insecticide bottle showed 10% permethrin without organophosphates, as initially expected. Unfortunately, after seven days, the patient passed away due to resistant hypotension and severe brain damage.Conclusion: Permethrin is widely used globally as an insecticide. However, there are many unmet needs in permethrin toxicity treatment, and the treatment is mainly supportive. Depending on the amount and dose of permethrin, the most common symptoms can vary from headache, dyspnea, and vomiting to metabolic acidosis and cardiac and respiratory arrest, which can lead to hypoxic brain damage and death, as was the outcome in our case.
The AP2/ERF Transcription Factor SlERF.F5 Functions in Leaf Senescence in Tomato
Authors: Chen Yanan , Feng Panpan , Tang Boyan , Hu Zongli , Xie Qiaoli , Zhou Shuang , Chen Guoping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The process of plant senescence is complex and highly coordinated, and is regulated by many endogenous and environmental signals. Ethylene and jasmonic acid are well-known senescence inducers, but their molecular mechanisms for inducing leaf senescence have not been fully elucidated. Here, we studied a receptor gene downstream of an ethylene signal transduction pathway, ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR F5 (SlERF.F5). The silence of SlERF.F5 causes accelerated senescence induced by age, darkness, ethylene, and jasmonic acid. However, overexpression of SlERF.F5 may delay leaf senescence. We further found that silencing of SlERF.F5 inhibited the expression of chlorophyll-related genes CHLH, CHLM, POR, CAO1, GUN4, PPH, SGR1, RBCS, and AUREA genes, and the light-responsive RBCS and LHCA1 gene. Moreover, silencing of SlERF.F5 increases the sensitivity of SlERF.F5-RNAi lines to ethylene and jasmonic acid compared to wild type. In the dark-induced aging experiment, the qRT-PCR analysis showed the expression levels of genes related to the ethylene biosynthesis pathway and the jasmonic acid signaling pathway in SlERF.F5-RNAi lines increased compared with wild type. Yeast two-hybrid experiments showed that SlERF.F5 and SlMYC2 (a transcription factor downstream of the JA receptor) can interact physically, thereby mediating the role of SlERF.F5 in jasmonic acid-induced leaf senescence. Collectively, our research provides new insights into how ethylene and jasmonic acid promote leaf senescence in tomatoes.
Analysis of COVID-19 based on SEIR epidemic models in a multi-patch environment
Authors: Meng Lan , Zhu Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an n-patch SEIR epidemic model for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is presented. It is shown that there is unique disease-free equilibrium for this model. Then, the dynamic behavior is studied by the basic reproduction number. Some numerical simulations with three patches are given to validate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. The influence of quarantined rate and population migration rate on the basic reproduction number is also discussed by simulation.
Effect of 6 wt.% Particle (B4C+SiC) Reinforcement on Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Aluminum Hybrid MMC
Authors: Bommana Divakar , DORA T RAJESH KUMAR , N Pallavi Senapati , Annum Sunny Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Aluminum based hybrid metal matrix composite with more than two particle reinforcement is very much popular for heavy duty application. In the present study, mechanical properties of AA6061 based hybrid composite synthesized using liquid metallurgy route with 6 wt. % total reinforcement (B 4 C+SiC) with different proportions of B 4 C wt. % and SiC wt. % were investigated. Hardness measurement and uniaxial loading techniques were used to characterize the mechanical properties of the as-cast hybrid composites. The improvement in mechanical properties, such as Vickers hardness value, UTS, yield strength and elongation were tried to explain using various hypothesis proposed by previous studies. The role of clustering theory and effect of binary eutectic Mg 2 Si phase have played a key role in defining the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites. Addition of Alkaline Earth Metal (Mg) during the synthesis process have led to the exploration of some interesting results from the uniaxial tensile loading tests.
Grey Wolf Optimization Based Self-Organizing Fuzzy Multi-Objective Evolution Algorithm
Authors: Xie Jialiang , Zhang Shanli , Wang Honghui , Wu Dongrui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Two goals of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms are effffectively improving its convergence and diversity, and making the Pareto set evenly distributed and close to the real Pareto Front. This paper proposes a grey wolf optimization based self-organizing fuzzy multi-objective evolutionary algorithm. Grey wolf optimization algorithm is used to optimize the initial weights of the self-organizing map network. New neighborhood relationships for individuals are built by self-organizing map, which can maintain the invariance of feature distribution and map the structural information of the current population into Pareto Sets. Based on this neighborhood relationship, this paper uses the fuzzy differential evolution operator, which constructs a fuzzy inference system to dynamically adjust the weighting parameter in the difffferential operator, to generate a new initial solution, and the polynomial mutation operator to refifine them. Boundary processing is then conducted. Experiments on fififteen test problems were conducted to verify its effffectiveness. Results show that the convergence and diversity of the proposed algorithm are better than several state-of-the-art multi-objective evolutionary algorithms.
Flume tests on the hydraulic/mechanical behavior of the Tangjiashan landslide dam considering the influences of the different debris materials in heterogeneous strata
Authors: Xiong Xi , Matsumoto Tatsunori , Shi Zhenming , Zhang Feng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Landslide dams (LDs) usually form from natural debris materials and exhibit heterogeneous strata along both the depth and run-out directions. In addition, an LD usually has a weaker structure than that of undisturbed ground and is more vulnerable to seepage loading. Considering that the surface layer of naturally packed LD materials is generally in an unsaturated state, it is undoubtedly important to investigate the stability of the unsaturated debris materials in the heterogeneous strata of LDs. In this paper, a systematic flume test program was first conducted, in which the Tangjiashan LD was carefully referenced for model design. Three water level rising rates and two stratal arrangements were considered in the flume tests. Then, soil-water-air coupled finite element analyses were conducted to simulate the flume tests, and all the material parameters of the LD materials were carefully determined based on the results of the element tests. A comparison of the test and calculated results shows the possibility of using the proposed numerical method to estimate the occurrence of dam breaching and the risk of LD failure. Moreover, the hydraulic/mechanical behaviors of the LD materials and the heterogeneous strata of the LD were very important to the stability of the Tangjiashan LD. Finally, from an engineering viewpoint, the possibility of utilizing a naturally formed LD and thus not destroying it when it forms is also discussed, e.g., dam breaching risk can be reduced by excavation of a drainage tunnel, and the dam stability can be carefully estimated based on accurate geological data.