bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A longitudinal cohort study of adolescent elite footballers and controls investigating the development of cam morphology
Authors: Fernquest Scott , Palmer Antony , Gimpel Mo , Birchall Richard , Broomfield John , Wedatilake Thamindu , Dijkstra Hendrik , Burchall Joanna , Lloyd Thomas , Pereira Claudio , Newman Simon , Carr Andrew , Glyn-Jones Sion 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCam morphology describes an asphericity of the femoral head that develops during adolescence, is highly prevalent in athletes, and predisposes individuals to future osteoarthritis. However, it’s aetiology remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to perform 3-year longitudinal follow-up of a control population and football club academy cohort to compare the change in hip and growth plate anatomy between athletes and controls. MRI and questionnaires were used to characterise change in hip and growth plate anatomy and quantify activity levels. 121 male academy footballers and 107 male and female controls participated at baseline. Footballers experienced significantly greater increases in femoral head asphericity (4.83 degrees (95% CI: 2.84 to 6.82), p < 0.001) than controls. A positive correlation existed between activity levels and change in femoral head morphology (coefficient 0.79, p  ≤  0.001). Greatest morphological change occurred in individuals aged 11–12 years at baseline, with no significant change in individuals aged 14 years and older at baseline. Cam morphology development was secondary to soft tissue hypertrophy and lateral growth plate extension. In conclusion, excessive loading of the hip joint through exercise prior to 14 years of age may result in growth plate adaptations causing cam morphology. Potential interventions may include training type and load modification in young adolescent football players.
Circulating tumor DNA is readily detectable among Ghanaian breast cancer patients supporting non-invasive cancer genomic studies in Africa
Authors: Ahuno Samuel Terkper , Doebley Anna-Lisa , Ahearn Thomas U. , Yarney Joel , Titiloye Nicholas , Hamel Nancy , Adjei Ernest , Clegg-Lamptey Joe-Nat , Edusei Lawrence , Awuah Baffour , Song Xiaoyu , Vanderpuye Verna , Abubakar Mustapha , Duggan Maire , Stover Daniel G. , Nyarko Kofi , Bartlett John M. S. , Aitpillah Francis , Ansong Daniel , Gardner Kevin L. , Boateng Felix Andy , Bowcock Anne M. , Caldas Carlos , Foulkes William D. , Wiafe Seth , Wiafe-Addai Beatrice , Garcia-Closas Montserrat , Kwarteng Alexander , Ha Gavin , Figueroa Jonine D. , Polak Paz ,   the Ghana Breast Health Study Team, Adjei Robertson , Afriyie Lucy , Adjei Anthony , Dedey Florence , Okyne Victoria , Oti Naomi Ohene , Tay Evelyn , Adu-Aryee  , Kenu Angela , Ekpedzor Obed , Alcpaloo Marion , Boakye Isaac , Arhin Bernard , Assimah Emmanuel , Ka-Chungu Samuel , Oppong Joseph , Osei-Bonsu Ernest , Frempong Margaret , Abaidoo Emma Brew , Mensah Bridget Nortey , Amanama Samuel , Agyapong Prince , Boateng Debora , Agyei Ansong Thomas , Opoku Richard , Gyimah Kofi Owusu , Newman Lisa , Brinton Louise A. , Palakal Maya , Thistle Jake , Brotzman Michelle , Niwa Shelley , Singh Usha , Truelove Ann , Biritwum Richard 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing studies could provide novel insights into the molecular pathology of cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. In 15 patient plasma samples collected at the time of diagnosis as part of the Ghana Breast Health Study and unselected for tumor grade and subtype, ctDNA was detected in a majority of patients based on whole- genome sequencing at high (30×) and low (0.1×) depths. Breast cancer driver copy number alterations were observed in the majority of patients.
Digital intervention increases influenza vaccination rates for people with diabetes in a decentralized randomized trial
Authors: Lee J. L. , Foschini L. , Kumar S. , Juusola J. , Liska J. , Mercer M. , Tai C. , Buzzetti R. , Clement M. , Cos X. , Ji L. , Kanumilli N. , Kerr D. , Montanya E. , Müller-Wieland D. , Ostenson C. G. , Skolnik N. , Woo V. , Burlet N. , Greenberg M. , Samson S. I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPeople with diabetes (PWD) have an increased risk of developing influenza-related complications, including pneumonia, abnormal glycemic events, and hospitalization. Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for PWD, but vaccination rates are suboptimal. The study aimed to increase influenza vaccination rate in people with self-reported diabetes. This study was a prospective, 1:1 randomized controlled trial of a 6-month Digital Diabetes Intervention in U.S. adults with diabetes. The intervention group received monthly messages through an online health platform. The control group received no intervention. Difference in self-reported vaccination rates was tested using multivariable logistic regression controlling for demographics and comorbidities. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03870997. A total of 10,429 participants reported influenza vaccination status (5158 intervention, mean age (±SD) = 46.8 (11.1), 78.5% female; 5271 control, Mean age (±SD) = 46.7 (11.2), 79.4% female). After a 6-month intervention, 64.2% of the intervention arm reported influenza vaccination, vers us 61.1% in the control arm (diff = 3.1, RR = 1.05, 95% CI [1.02, 1.08], p = 0.0013, number needed to treat = 33 to obtain 1 additional vaccination). Completion of one or more intervention messages was associated with up to an 8% increase in vaccination rate (OR 1.27, 95% CI [1.17, 1.38], p < 0.0001). The intervention improved influenza vaccination rates in PWD, suggesting that leveraging new technology to deliver knowledge and information can improve influenza vaccination rates in high-risk populations to reduce public health burden of influenza. Rapid cycle innovation could maximize the effects of these digital interventions in the future with other populations and vaccines.
Exploring the binding mechanism of positive allosteric modulators in human metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 using molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Wang Panpan , Gao Xiaonan , Zhang Ke , Pei Qinglan , Xu Xiaobo , Yan Fengmei , Dong Jianghong , Jing Chenxi 
Published: September 2021

Based on the binding mode and electrostatics, the features of high affinity PAMs were the reduced hydrophobicity with low electronegativity of R1, increased hydrophobicity with low electronegativity of R2 and with high electronegativity of linker.
USP52 inhibits cell proliferation by stabilizing PTEN protein in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhu Maoshu , Zhang Hui , Lu Fuhua , Wang Zhaowei , Wu Yulong , Chen Huoshu , Fan Xin , Yin Zhijiang , Liang Fulong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common subtype of lung cancer. Ubiquitination is closely related to the development of lung cancer. However, the biological importance of newly discovered ubiquitin-specific peptidase (USP) 52 (USP52) in NSCLC remained unclear. Here, our findings identify USP52 as a novel tumor suppressor of NSCLC, the low expression of USP52 predicts a poor prognosis for NSCLC patients. The present study demonstrates that USP52 inhibits cancer cell proliferation through down-regulation of cyclin D1 (CCND1) as well as AKT/mTOR signaling pathway inhibition. Meanwhile, USP25 also suppresses NSCLC progression via enhancing phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) stability in cancer cells, which further indicates the significance/importance of USP52 in NSCLC suppression.
The Effectiveness of Aided AAC Modeling for Belizean Children: A Case Study
Authors: Brock Kris L. , Thomas Erlett 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions have been deemed efficacious. However, even with the medium to large effect sizes, there is a paucity of research investigating the effects of aided modeling on expressive outcomes for children from multicultural and multilingual backgrounds.

Method
This case series study examined the effectiveness of aided AAC modeling on aided and unaided expressive output (i.e., one- and two-symbol messages) in three children from different cultures in Belize (one Creole and two Mestizo) in a preschool-like group setting. Additionally, treatment intensity metrics (i.e., number of sessions, number of minutes, and number of aided/unaided models) were analyzed to determine whether this was an appropriate intensity for children in Belize.

Results
Results indicated that all children increased their aided and unaided symbol message production within five intervention sessions lasting 180 min per day (15 hr total). Additionally, the average number of aided/unaided models, sampled several times over the course of 5 days, was 43.75 per 15-min period.

Conclusions
Aided AAC modeling intervention was beneficial for these children. However, the length of each session (3 hr) may have negatively impacted expressive outcomes. The number of models per 15-min period was beneficial and in line with previous research outcomes. The multicultural clinical implications are also discussed.
Photoionisation of the CH radical using the B-spline R-matrix method
Authors: Wang Kedong , liu Jie , Wang Yan , Yang Chunjie , Liu Yufang 
Published: September 2021

Aims. The primary motivation for this paper is to provide accurate data for the photoionisation of the CH radical, including the absolute total photoionisation cross-section, partial cross-sections, and photoelectron angular distribution. In addition, the near threshold features in the photoionisation curve (which are absent in previous studies) are produced with high precision.
Methods. A multichannel wavefunction based on the R-matrix approach, which uses the configuration interaction (CI) method to describe electronic correlation, is carried out in the present calculations. A set of B-spline orbitals is employed to represent the accurate continuum. The distinctive feature of the present calculations allows us to generate a more accurate description of the bound and continuum states than those employed before.
Results. Total photoionisation cross-sections from the ground state of CH radicals and partial cross-sections corresponding to 1π, 3σ, and 2σ states of CH+ ions are presented for photon energies ranging from threshold to 80 eV. Extensive resonance structures, which are absent in previous studies, are observed for the first time near the ionisation threshold. The cross-section dataset obtained from the present calculations is expected to be sufficiently accurate and comprehensive for most current modelling applications involving the photon and CH radical scattering system.
Tolerance to Intermittent vs. Continuous Blood Flow Restriction
Training: A meta-Analysis
Authors: Sinclair Pierre , Kadhum Murtaza , Paton Bruce 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe proven beneficial effects of low-load blood flow restriction training on
strength gain has led to further exploration into its application during
rehabilitation, where the traditional use of heavy loads may not be feasible.
With current evidence showing that low-load blood flow restriction training may
be less well tolerated than heavy-load resistance training, this review was
conducted to decipher whether intermittently deflating the pressure cuff during
rest intervals of a training session improves tolerance to exercise, without
compromising strength. Four databases were searched for randomized controlled
trials that compared the effect of intermittent versus continuous blood flow
restriction training on outcomes of exercise tolerance or strength in adults.
Nine studies were identified, with six included in the meta-analysis. No
significant difference in rate of perceived exertion was found (SMD-0.06,
95% CI-0.41 to 0.29, p=0.73,
I
2=80%). Subgroup analysis excluding studies
that introduced bias showed a shift towards favoring the use of intermittent
blood flow restriction training (SMD-0.42, 95% CI-0.87 to 0.03,
p=0.07, I
2=0%). There was no
significant difference in strength gain. Intermittent cuff deflations during
training intervals does not improve tolerance to exercise during blood flow
restriction training.
Epidemiology of Hand Fractures and Dislocations in England and Wales
Professional Cricketers
Authors: Deshmukh Sandeep Rajiv , Donnison Ella , Karantana Alexia , Newman David , Peirce Nicholas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study describes hand fracture and dislocation injuries in terms of
anatomical distribution, incidence and impact on playing time in registered
professional adult male players of all 18 First Class England and Wales County
Cricket clubs over a five-year period from 2010–2014. Prospectively
collected injury surveillance data for 1st and 2nd Team
matches (Twenty20, One day and four-day) and training were analysed. There were
109 hand fractures and 53 dislocations. Hand injury was commonest during
fielding (60%, 98/162) compared to batting, bowling or
wicket-keeping. Exposed parts of the hand including tips of all digits, the
index finger, thumb ray and little finger ray were most frequently injured with
78% (125/160) of all injuries where anatomical location was
recorded. Match injury incidence for batsmen was highest in four-day matches
(0.071 injuries per 1000 overs batted) but for other player roles it was highest
in Twenty20 matches (0.587 per 1000 overs bowled). Player unavailability for
selection to play was incurred in 82% (89/109) of hand fractures
but only 47% (25/53) of dislocations. This study clarifies the
hand fracture and dislocation injury burden for this population.
Self-Reported Prognosis of Employability as an Indicator of Need for
Rehabilitation: A Cohort Study in People with Back Pain
Authors: Fauser David , Zimmer Julia-Marie , Golla André , Schmitt Nadine , Mau Wilfried , Bethge Matthias 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose Rehabilitation is a key strategy to enable people with
disabilities or chronic diseases to participate in society and employment. In
Germany, the approval of rehabilitation services is linked to personal
requirements, including significantly compromised work ability due to illness.
The subjective prognosis of employability (SPE) is a brief 3-item scale. The
total score assesses the self-rated risk of permanent work disability and was
therefore proposed to be an indicator to operationalize the requirements to
determine the need for a medical rehabilitation measure. This cohort study
examined whether rehabilitation and disability pensions can be predicted by the
SPE in employees with back pain. Moreover, the study tested the applicability of
the SPE regarding interrupted employment.
Methods Employees aged 45 to 59 years who reported back pain in the last
three months completed the SPE in 2017. The total score ranges from 0 to 3
points, with higher values indicating a higher risk of permanent work
disability. Data on rehabilitation, disability pensions, and interrupted
employment were extracted from administrative records covering the period until
the end of 2018. Proportional hazard and logistic regression models were
fitted.
Results Data of 6,742 participants were included (mean age: 52.3 years;
57.8% women). Maximum follow-up was 21 months. Of the participants,
38.8, 33.6, 21.4, and 6.2% had an SPE score of 0, 1, 2, and 3 points,
respectively. During follow-up, 535 individuals were approved for a
rehabilitation measure and 49 individuals for a disability pension. Fully
adjusted analyses showed an increased risk of a rehabilitation in employees with
an SPE score of 3 points (HR=2.20; 95% CI 1.55; 3.11) and 2
points (HR=1.76; 95% CI 1.33; 2.31) compared to employees with
an SPE score of 0 points. The risk of a disability pension (HR=13.60;
95% CI 4.56; 40.57) and the odds of interrupted employment
(OR=2.58; 95% CI 1.72; 3.86) were also significantly increased
for those with an SPE score of 3 points.
Conclusions The brief SPE is an appropriate tool to identify individuals
reporting back pain at risk of rehabilitation, poor work participation outcomes,
and permanent work disability.
New Insights into Bone Loss in RA
Authors: Andreev Darja , Bozec Aline 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe negative impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on bone mineral density is well
characterized. Notably, articular bone erosion is a central feature of RA,
leading to joint damage and disabilities. In addition, the axial and
appendicular skeleton can be affected, which secondly manifests in bone
fracture. The main trigger of RA-associated bone loss is excessive bone
degradation by osteoclasts and impaired bone formation by osteoblasts. In
particular, the inflammatory status, reflected by high level of proinflammatory
cytokines, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), and
autoantibodies induces the formation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Today,
antirheumatic therapy effectively hampers synovial inflammation and bone
erosion. However, current medication is unable to repair established bone
lesions. This review outlines the knowledge gained about the pathophysiology of
rheumatoid arthritis and the molecular mechanisms that promote
osteoclast-mediated bone erosion and inhibit osteoblast-related bone formation,
pointing out possible new intervention for inflammatory bone disease.
Influence of Posterior Corneal Asphericity on Refractive Error of SRK-T and Barrett Formulas for Lucidis IOL
Authors: Rabinovich Mark , Aramburu Del Boz Ana Maria , Al-Khatib Daniel , Genestier Jean Pascal , Bovet Jerome 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the influence of posterior corneal asphericity on the refractive error using SRK-T and Barrett formulas for the intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation for
Lucidis Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) IOL.
Setting This study was carried out at a tertiary ophthalmology center in Geneva, Switzerland.
Design A retrospective study. Medical records from all enrolled patients were analyzed and the following information was extracted retrospectively, over 1 month following
surgery.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed 75 eyes that underwent cataract surgery and were implanted with a Lucidis EDOF IOL. We measured the posterior corneal asphericity (Q value), axial
length (AL), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) and then calculated the IOL power using SRK-T and Barrett formulas.
Results Seventy-five eyes were included, all of which had 1-month postoperative data. In the cohort, 32 eyes were from females (43%) and 43 from males (57%). The mean age of the
study population was 73 ± 8.8 years. The mean AL was 23.5 ± 0.98 and the mean ACD was 3.13 ± 0.3. The mean posterior Q value was − 0.35 ± 0.2. In a regression analysis, we found a
statistically significant relationship between the error in refraction prediction and the posterior Q value, irrespective of the formula used. The relationship between posterior corneal
asphericity and the refraction prediction error was stronger for the Barrett II Universal formula than for the SRK-T formula.
Conclusions Posterior corneal asphericity was correlated with the refractive error of calculation of both SRK-T and Barrett formulas, with a stronger correlation to the latter
formula.
Endoscopic tissue sampling – Part 1: Upper gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary tracts. European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline
Authors: Pouw Roos E. , Barret Maximilien , Biermann Katharina , Bisschops Raf , Czakó László , Gecse Krisztina B. , de Hertogh Gert , Hucl Tomas , Iacucci Marietta , Jansen Marnix , Rutter Matthew , Savarino Edoardo , Spaander Manon C. W. , Schmidt Peter T. , Vieth Michael , Dinis-Ribeiro Mário , van Hooft Jeanin E. 
Published: September 2021

Main Recommendations1 ESGE recommends that, where there is a suspicion of eosinophilic esophagitis, at least six biopsies should be taken, two to four biopsies from the distal esophagus and two to four biopsies from the proximal esophagus, targeting areas with endoscopic mucosal abnormalities. Distal and proximal biopsies should be placed in separate containers.Strong recommendation, low quality of evidence.2 ESGE recommends obtaining six biopsies, including from the base and edge of the esophageal ulcers, for histologic analysis in patients with suspected viral esophagitis.Strong recommendation, low quality of evidence.3 ESGE recommends at least six biopsies are taken in cases of suspected advanced esophageal cancer and suspected advanced gastric cancer.Strong recommendation, moderate quality of evidence.4 ESGE recommends taking only one to two targeted biopsies for lesions in the esophagus or stomach that are potentially amenable to endoscopic resection (Paris classification 0-I, 0-II) in order to confirm the diagnosis and not compromise subsequent endoscopic resection.Strong recommendation, low quality of evidence.5 ESGE recommends obtaining two biopsies from the antrum and two from the corpus in patients with suspected Helicobacter pylori infection and for gastritis staging.Strong recommendation, low quality of evidence.6 ESGE recommends biopsies from or, if endoscopically resectable, resection of gastric adenomas.Strong recommendation, moderate quality of evidence.7 ESGE recommends fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and fine-needle biopsy (FNB) needles equally for sampling of solid pancreatic masses.Strong recommendation, high quality evidence.8 ESGE suggests performing peroral cholangioscopy (POC) and/or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue acquisition in indeterminate biliary strictures. For proximal and intrinsic strictures, POC is preferred. For distal and extrinsic strictures, EUS-guided sampling is preferred, with POC where this is not diagnostic.Weak recommendation, low quality evidence.9 ESGE suggests obtaining possible non-neoplastic biopsies before sampling suspected malignant lesions to prevent intraluminal spread of malignant disease.Weak recommendation, low quality of evidence.10 ESGE suggests dividing EUS-FNA material into smears (two per pass) and liquid-based cytology (LBC), or the whole of the EUS-FNA material can be processed as LBC, depending on local experience.Weak recommendation, low quality evidence.
Modular Synthesis of Carbazole-Substituted Phthalimides as Potential Photocatalysts
Authors: Gonda Zsombor , Novák Zoltán , Földesi Tamás , Nagy Bálint 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe modular synthesis of carbazole functionalized phthalimides (PIs) and their applicability as catalyst in selected photocatalytic transformations are reported. The developed synthetic approach provides high variability of phthalimide considering that the synthesis of the phthalimide core can be easily performed. Starting from fluorophthalic acid anhydrides, the corresponding fluorophthalimides were prepared with various amines, and the fluoro function ensured the introduction of carbazoles into the phthalimide framework through aromatic nucleophilic substitution. Besides the synthetic developments, some of the carbazolyl phthalimides were tested in four different photocatalytic transformations, which showed attractive and comparable activity to the known 4-CzIPN and noble metal complexes.
Late-Stage C–H Arylation of Azepinoindole via Pd/Cu Catalysis: A Step Efficient and Convergent Synthesis of Rucaparib
Authors: De Vos Dirk , Beckers Igor , O’Rourke Galahad 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe C–H arylation of indoles holds the promise to shorten synthetic routes in the production of pharmaceuticals. However, late-stage C–H activation reactions often rely on the presence of protecting groups or stoichiometric metal additives. The regiospecific C–H arylation of a highly functionalized azepino[5,3,4-cd]indole scaffold lacking directing groups via Pd(II) and Cu(II) co-catalysis is reported. The direct C–H coupling was demonstrated in the convergent synthesis of rucaparib, an FDA approved anticancer drug.