bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tacit knowledge sharing within project teams: an application of social commitments theory
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Lan 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Applying social commitments theory, this paper aims to study the effect of shared responsibility as a structural characteristic of project teams to foster tacit knowledge sharing with the mediating role of affective bonding. Besides, the moderating effect of normative conformity is also examined.

Design/methodology/approach
The quantitative method was applied through surveying senior auditors representing 263 audit teams in Vietnam to examine the model.

Findings
This study found that in the joint projects, when team members perceive high shared responsibility for both success and failure, the affective bonding among them are generated. The affective bonding becomes salient to tacit knowledge sharing only when the team members perceive high obligations to conform the general knowledge sharing norms and the serial reciprocity norms.

Originality/value
This study provides the evidence for partial confirmation and expansion of the social commitments theory. The practical takeaways are provided for managers of project-based organizations in the social aspects for facilitating sharing culture.
Woodland, cropland and hedgerows promote pollinator abundance in intensive grassland landscapes, with saturating benefits of flower cover
Authors: Alison Jamie , Botham Marc , Maskell Lindsay C. , Garbutt Angus , Seaton Fiona M. , Skates James , Smart Simon M. , Thomas Amy R. C. , Tordoff George , Williams Bronwen L. , Wood Claire M. , Emmett Bridget A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Pollinating insects provide economic value by improving crop yield. They are also functionally and culturally important across ecosystems outside of cropland. To understand landscape‐level drivers of pollinator declines, and guide policy and intervention to reverse declines, studies must cover (a) multiple insect and plant taxa and (b) a range of agricultural and semi‐natural land uses. Furthermore, in an era of woodland restoration initiatives and rewilding ideologies, the contribution of woodland and woody linear features (WLFs; e.g. hedgerows) to pollinator abundance demands further investigation.

We demonstrate fine‐scale analysis of high‐quality, co‐located measurements from a national environmental survey. We relate pollinator transect counts to ground‐truth habitat and WLF maps across 300 1 km squares in Wales, UK. We look at effects of habitat type, flower cover, WLF density and habitat diversity on summer abundance (July and August) of eight insect groups, representing three insect orders (Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera).

Compared with improved grassland (the dominant habitat in Wales), pollinator abundance is consistently higher in cropland and woodland—especially broadleaved woodland. For mining bees and two hoverfly groups, abundance is predicted to be at least 1.5× higher in woodland ecosystems than elsewhere. Furthermore, we estimate contributions of WLFs to abundance in agriculturally improved habitats to be up to 14% for honeybees and up to 21% for hoverflies.

The abundance of all insect groups increases with flower cover, which is a key mechanism through which woodland, cropland and grassland support pollinators. Importantly, we observe diminishing returns of increasing flower cover for abundance of non‐Apis pollinator groups, expecting roughly twice the increase in abundance per % flower cover from 0% to 5%, as compared with 10% to 15%. However, the shape of the relationship was inverted for honeybees, which showed steeper increases in abundance at higher flower cover.

Synthesis and applications. We provide a holistic view of the drivers of pollinator abundance in Wales, in which flower cover, woodland, hedgerows and cropland are critical. We propose a key role for woodland creation, hedge‐laying and farmland heterogeneity within future land management incentive schemes. Finally, we suggest targeting of interventions to maximise benefits for non‐Apis pollinators. Specifically, increasing floral provision in areas where existing flower cover is low—for example, in flower‐poor improved grasslands—could effectively increase pollinator abundance and diversity while prioritising wild over managed species.
Impact of clinical placement sites on general practice as a career preference for Australian medical students
Authors: Yeoh Alexandra , Sathiakumar Angeline Kavitha , Leung Cynthia Nga Yu , Hoffman Rebekah , Gosbell Andrew , Tan Kang Ning 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates whether General Practice placement experience or locations (urban/metropolitan vs non‐metropolitan) promote student interest in pursuing general practice.DesignSurveyMonkey was used in the design of the survey.SettingThe study was conducted online.ParticipantsA total of 520 and 705 clinical‐year students were surveyed in 2009 and 2019, respectively. The study was conducted online, using SurveyMonkey, and the participants were mostly non‐indigenous Australian medical students, between the ages of 18 and 30.InterventionsStudents were recruited from the General Practice Students' Network membership database to complete the survey online. Chi‐squared testing, Pearson's correlation and a multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the correlation between general practice placements and intention to become a general practice.Main outcome measuresThe association and causation between general practice placement location, student experience and students' intended career outcomes.ResultsIn 2009, majority of students rated their general practice experience ‘mostly positive’ while most metropolitan participants and majority of non‐metropolitan placement participants in the 2019 survey responded with ‘mostly positive’ in 2019. Based on 2009 and 2019 data, general practice placement location had no association with the likelihood of pursuing general practice as a career, while student experience had a stronger positive correlation with the likelihood of pursuing general practice as a career.ConclusionOur study shows that students' overall experience with their general practice placements significantly encourages medical students to pursue the general practice pathway. As such, increasing both metropolitan and non‐metropolitan placement experiences can potentially overcome general practice shortage.
BNPdensity: Bayesian nonparametric mixture modelling in R
Authors: Arbel J. , Kon Kam King G. , Lijoi A. , Nieto‐Barajas L. , Prünster I. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryRobust statistical data modelling under potential model mis‐specification often requires leaving the parametric world for the nonparametric. In the latter, parameters are infinite dimensional objects such as functions, probability distributions or infinite vectors. In the Bayesian nonparametric approach, prior distributions are designed for these parameters, which provide a handle to manage the complexity of nonparametric models in practice. However, most modern Bayesian nonparametric models seem often out of reach to practitioners, as inference algorithms need careful design to deal with the infinite number of parameters. The aim of this work is to facilitate the journey by providing computational tools for Bayesian nonparametric inference. The article describes a set of functions available in theRpackageBNPdensityin order to carry out density estimation with an infinite mixture model, including all types of censored data. The package provides access to a large class of such models based on normalised random measures, which represent a generalisation of the popular Dirichlet process mixture. One striking advantage of this generalisation is that it offers much more robust priors on the number of clusters than the Dirichlet. Another crucial advantage is the complete flexibility in specifying the prior for the scale and location parameters of the clusters, because conjugacy is not required. Inference is performed using a theoretically grounded approximate sampling methodology known as the Ferguson & Klass algorithm. The package also offers several goodness‐of‐fit diagnostics such as QQ plots, including a cross‐validation criterion, the conditional predictive ordinate. The proposed methodology is illustrated on a classical ecological risk assessment method called the species sensitivity distribution problem, showcasing the benefits of the Bayesian nonparametric framework.
Increased serum amiodarone concentration in hypertriglyceridemic patients: Effects of drug distribution to serum lipoproteins
Authors: Hashimoto Naoaki , Doki Kosuke , Kawano Satoru , Aonuma Kazutaka , Ieda Masaki , Homma Masato 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAmiodarone and its main metabolite, desethylamiodarone (DEA), are highly distributed to serum lipoproteins such as very‐low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), which are the carriers of triglyceride and cholesterol. This study aimed to investigate the association of serum concentrations of amiodarone and DEA with the levels of serum lipids in terms of drug distribution to lipoprotein fractions in patients with hyperlipidemia. Total serum concentrations of amiodarone and DEA were examined in 116 patients receiving amiodarone for tachyarrhythmias. The concentration‐to‐dose (C/D) ratio of amiodarone positively correlated with the level of serum triglyceride (rs = 0.541, p < 0.001) and was higher in the hypertriglyceridemic state than in normotriglyceridemic state (479 ± 211 vs. 320 ± 161, p < 0.001). No correlation was found between the C/D ratio of DEA and serum triglyceride levels (rs = 0.272), although higher values were observed in the hypertriglyceridemic state (322 ± 125 vs. 285 ± 143, p < 0.001). In the hypertriglyceridemic state, the distribution of amiodarone increased in LDL/VLDL fraction and decreased in high‐density lipoprotein and albumin fractions. The ratio of serum amiodarone to serum DEA, a metabolic ratio of amiodarone, positively correlated with serum triglyceride levels (rs = 0.572, p < 0.001) and was higher in the hypertriglyceridemic state, suggesting that amiodarone metabolism decreased in hyperlipidemia. The results of this study reveal that serum concentrations of amiodarone increase in the hypertriglyceridemic state through the increased lipoprotein‐binding and decreased metabolism of amiodarone.
Development and assessment of a community‐based screening tool for mental health disorders among people who inject drugs
Authors: Le Sao M. , Trouiller Philippe , Duong Thi H. , Khuat Thi H. O. , Pham Minh K. , Vallo Roselyne , Rapoud Delphine , Quillet Catherine , Nguyen Thuy L. , Nguyen Quang D. , Nham Thi Tuyet T. , Hoang Thi G. , Feelemyer Jonathan , Vu Hai V. , Moles Jean‐Pierre , Doan Hong Q. , Laureillard Didier , Des Jarlais Don C. , Nagot Nicolas , Michel Laurent ,   for the DRIVE Study Team
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe prevalence of mental health disorders among people who use drugs is high and well documented. This hard‐to‐reach population faces a very low awareness and access to mental health care, especially in developing countries. The objectives of this study were to design and assess a quick screening tool (QST) that community‐based organisations (CBO) could routinely apply to a Vietnamese population of people who inject drugs (PWID), in order to refer them appropriately to mental health specialists.MethodsWe devised a tool that included nine questions covering anxiety, depression, suicide risk and psychotic symptomatology. Its use required no specific background and 2 h training. Specificity and sensitivity of the QST were assessed in a population of 418 PWID recruited via respondent driven sampling, using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview questionnaire plus clinical evaluation as a reference standard. Acceptability was assessed using a self‐administered anonymous questionnaire submitted to all CBO members who used the QST.ResultsCBO members considered the QST easy to use, relevant and helpful to deal with mental health issues. Area under the curve for detection of any symptom using the QST was 0.770. The maximum sensitivity and specificity were reached with a cut‐off of 2 [sensitivity was 71.1% (95% confidence interval 62.4, 78.8), specificity was 75.9% (70.5, 80.7)].Discussion and ConclusionsThe QST appeared to be both efficient and well accepted. Given the burden of mental health problems among hard‐to‐reach PWID in developing countries, community‐based screenings such as this one could be a particularly appropriate response.
Chemical properties of key metabolites determine the global distribution of lichens
Authors: Schweiger Andreas H. , Ullmann G. Matthias , Nürk Nicolai M. , Triebel Dagmar , Schobert Rainer , Rambold Gerhard 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn lichen symbioses, fungal secondary metabolites provide UV protection on which lichen algae such as trebouxiophycean green algae—the most prominent group of photobionts in lichen symbioses—sensitively depend. These metabolites differ in their UV absorbance capability and solvability, and thus vary in their propensity of being leached from the lichen body in humid and warm environments, with still unknown implications for the global distribution of lichens. In this study covering more than 10,000 lichenised fungal species, we show that the occurrence of fungal‐derived metabolites in combination with their UV absorbance capability and their probability of being leached in warm and humid environments are important eco‐evolutionary drivers of global lichen distribution. Fungal‐derived UV protection seems to represent an indirect environmental adaptation in which the lichen fungus invests to protect the trebouxiophycean photobiont from high UV radiation in warm and humid climates and, by doing this, secures its carbon source.
MIFAS: Multi‐source heterogeneous information fusion with adaptive importance sampling for link prediction
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Wang Hao , Luo Xiangfeng , Xie Shaorong , Wang Jingchao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLink prediction plays an important role in constructing knowledge graph. Recently, graph representation learning models yield state‐of‐the‐art results. However, existing models concentrate merely on triples or graph structures and mostly ignore textual descriptions, resulting in incomplete or partial information. In this paper, we propose a novel graph representation learning model to address this challenge, namely multi‐source heterogeneous information fusion with adaptive importance sampling. Our model leverages multiple sources, such triple, graph structure and textual description, and generate rich‐attribute embeddings for entities, encapsulating relations simultaneously. We also propose an adaptive importance sampling algorithm to boost aggregation of useful features from local neighbours. Additionally, we also boost node aggregation of useful features from local neighbours by adaptive importance sampling algorithm in our model. Experimental results on two benchmark datasets show that our proposed model significantly outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Port removal in patients receiving emicizumab prophylaxis: A single centre experience and review of the literature
Authors: Swan Dawn , Paran Sri , Nolan Beatrice 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionTreatment of patients with Haemophilia A has improved significantly in recent years since the advent of novel therapeutic agents such as emicizumab. The low annualised bleeding rates associated with emicizumab have liberated many patients from the need for central venous access devices (CVAD). Optimal peri‐operative management of CVAD removal is not currently known and there are no specific formal recommendations available.AimWe reviewed outcomes in a paediatric cohort in our centre undergoing CVAD removal without pre‐operative factor or bypassing agent and reviewed the literature regarding port removal in patients on Emicizumab.MethodsTen male patients with severe Haemophilia A underwent CVAD removal without planned administration of factor concentrate or bypassing agent. Patients were monitored in hospital for 24 h with routine laboratory testing pre‐ and post‐operatively.ResultsNo significant bleeding episodes occurred in any patient, no patient required factor concentrate or bypassing agent and no patients were readmitted due to bleeding within 7 days of surgery.ConclusionWe propose that, in the era of emicizumab, prophylactic factor administration pre‐operatively for elective CVAD removal is not required in the majority of cases.
Effects of SiC whisker addition on mechanical, thermal, and permeability properties of porous silica‐bonded SiC ceramics
Authors: Lucio Maria Dolores Sosa , Kultayeva Shynar , Kim Young‐Wook , Song In‐Hyuck 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe effects of SiC whisker addition into nano‐SiC powder‐carbon black template mixture on flexural strength, thermal conductivity, and specific flow rate of porous silica‐bonded SiC ceramics were investigated. The flexural strength of 1200°C‐sintered porous silica‐bonded SiC ceramics increased from 9.5 MPa to 12.8 MPa with the addition of 33 wt% SiC whisker because the SiC whiskers acted as a reinforcement in porous silica‐bonded SiC ceramics. The thermal conductivity of 1200°C‐sintered porous silica‐bonded SiC ceramics monotonically increased from 0.360 Wm–1K–1 to 1.415 Wm–1K–1 as the SiC whisker content increased from 0 to 100 wt% because of the easy heat conduction path provided by SiC whiskers with a high aspect ratio. The specific flow rate of 1200°C‐sintered porous SiC ceramics increased by two orders of magnitude as the SiC whisker content increased from 0 to 100 wt%. These results were primarily attributed to an increase in pore size from 125 nm to 565 nm and secondarily an increase in porosity from 49.9% to 63.6%. In summary, the addition of 33 wt% SiC whisker increased the flexural strength, thermal conductivity, and specific flow rate of porous silica‐bonded SiC ceramics by 35%, 133%, and 266%, respectively.
Preparation study for the low thermal expansion spodumene/mullite composites
Authors: Wu Yaqun , Tian Yuming , Wu Yaqiao , Qing Mei , Feng Ming , Ye Dongcheng , Zhu Baoshun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this work, spodumene/mullite ceramics with low thermal expansion were successfully prepared from spodumene, quartz, talc, and clay. The effects of spodumene content and sintering temperature on the mechanical properties of spodumene/mullite ceramics were investigated. The formed phases were then detected by X‐ray diffraction analysis and the microstructures of the sintered bodies were determined by scanning electron microscopy. The interaction effects of the spodumene content and sintering temperature on the apparent porosity and bulk density were studied by response surface methodology. The results demonstrate that an appropriate sintering temperature and spodumene content can promote densification, improve the mechanical properties, and reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of spodumene/mullite ceramics. At the spodumene content of 40 wt.%, the sintering temperature of 1270°C, and the holding time of 90 min, the bending strength was 60.45 MPa, the CTE was 1.73 × 10–6/°C (α[25–650°C] < 2 × 10–6/°C), the bulk density was 2.28 g cm‐3, and the apparent porosity was 0.43%. Therefore, this study was of guiding significance for reducing the production cost of spodumene low thermal expansion ceramics and improving product quality.
Guidance for establishing a factor VIII testing protocol for the myriad of factor VIII products
Authors: Marlar Richard A. , Gausman Jana N. , Rollins‐Raval Marian A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionManagement of hemophilia A has changed significantly in the past few years with the expansion of new and/or modified products as treatment options. Unfortunately, many of the standard factor VIII assays do not always accurately measure all available treatment products; therefore, the laboratory must investigate various assay algorithms to ensure the reporting of the correct results.MethodsRequirements for factor testing, diagnosis and severity levels, product testing, factor VIII inhibitor detection and titers, are evaluated, and potential algorithms are created for optimal assessment of patients with hemophilia A.ResultsThe potential for inaccurate result reporting for patients with hemophilia A or those being treated with the myriad of products has left many laboratories uncertain as to which assay algorithm to implement to ensure reporting the correct results for all products used in their hemophilia program. Algorithms for using either One‐stage Clotting assays or Chromogenic assays or a combination of both types of assays are presented for each laboratory to implement based on their clinical situation.ConclusionsSeveral algorithms are considered based on the needs of the clinical providers and their patients. Each laboratory must select a testing algorithm that is cost‐effective and within available resources, yet that encompasses the needs of their providers and patients. Laboratory personnel must consider all assay uses (factor VIII levels, different products, interfering products, and inhibitor titers) in determining the best algorithm for their laboratory. This paper is a starting guide for developing the best factor VIII testing assays and protocols for your laboratory.
Illuminating the shadows of skilled migration: Highly qualified immigrants from Latin America in Spain
Authors: Mendoza Cristóbal 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper analyses the labour incorporation of skilled Latin American immigrant workers into Spain. It is based on in‐depth interviews with 24 Latin American immigrants and it explores reasons for migration into Spain, showing that the interviewees migrated for a great variety of reasons, not necessarily for work. Subsequently, the paper analyses the interviewees’ labour incorporation in Spain and defines three paths into skilled work in Spain. In two of the three paths, on first arrival in Spain, a mismatch was observed between education and labour market outcomes. For some, migration even represented a break in their career, implying occasionally a temporary de‐skilling process. For this reason, an extended university–work transition was sometimes observed, in order to secure skilled jobs in Spain. Theoretically, human capital hardly explains this migration since it is not associated with upward career movement, although wages might be higher than in the countries of origin.