bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induce endothelial injury through miR‐155 to promote atherosclerosis
Authors: He Xiao‐Nan , Xin Jin‐Yuan , Zhan Jin‐Liang , Wu Fang‐Kun , Hou Jian , Sun Zhao‐Bin , Wang Ji , Zhang Xiao‐Ling , Bai Ying‐Chen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered as an external factor that induces atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Although miR‐155 is known to be involved in cardiovascular disease, whether it is involved in PAH‐induced arteriosclerosis remains unclear. We evaluated the effects of PAHs on vascularization, permeability, and miR‐155 expression in HUVECs. We found that PAHs‐induced sclerosis of HUVECs was characterized by increasing permeability, decreasing proliferation, and vascular lumen number. The expression of miR‐155 was upregulated by PAHs treatment, and transfection with miR‐155 inhibitor could reverse above effect of PAHs‐induced sclerosis. Meanwhile, transcriptome sequencing revealed that 63 genes were downregulated in the group of PAHs treatment alone, and were then upregulated in the miR‐155 inhibitor group. These genes were mainly involved in complement and coagulation cascades, cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction, TNF signaling pathway, and NF‐kappa B signaling pathway. Among these 63 genes, SERPIND1 was directly targeted and regulated by miR‐155. Further in vivo experiments in ApoE−/− mice confirmed that PAH accelerates the development of arteriosclerosis by promoting the expression of miR‐155 to downregulate the SERPIND1. Therefore, PAH exaggerates atherosclerosis by activating miR‐155‐dependent endothelial injury. This study provides a fundamental insight on the miR‐155 mechanism for PAHs enhancing atherosclerosis and miR‐155 potentially serving as a novel drug target.
Impact of XRCC1 genetic variants on its tissue expression and breast cancer risk: A case–control study
Authors: Abdel Ghafar Muhammad Tarek , El‐Rashidy Mohamed Ali , Gharib Fatma , Al‐Ashmawy Ghada Mohammad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractX‐ray repair cross‐complementing group 1 (XRCC1), a coordinator protein of the DNA repair complex, is thought to be involved in cancer progression. This case–control study aimed to investigate the association of two biallelic single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp) of the XRCC1 gene with its tissue expression level and breast cancer (BC) risk in Egyptian women. This study included 100 BC female patients (case group 1) and 100 healthy females (control group 2). The XRCC1 tissue expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Genotyping of the two XRCC1 SNPs (Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp) using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was also conducted. The XRCC1 expression level was significantly lower in cancerous tissues than adjacent non‐cancerous tissues (p < .001). The XRCC1 399Gln/Gln genotype, 399Gln allele, the dominant, and recessive models were significantly associated with lower XRCC1 expression in breast cancerous tissues and increased risk for BC (3.390‐, 1.965‐, 2.241‐, and 2.429‐folds, respectively). The XRCC1 399Gln/Gln genotype was associated with lower incidence of advanced tumor grade (OR: 0.06; 95%CI: 0.01–0.74; p = .028). Conversely, the XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism did not show any significant association with either XRCC1 expression in breast cancer tissues or BC risk in all genetic models. The XRCC1 haplotypes, 399Gln/194Arg and 399Gln/194Trp, were associated with 1.800‐ and 1.675‐folds risk for BC, respectively. The XRCC1 gene polymorphism (Arg399Gln) is associated with reduced XRCC1 tissue expression and enhanced BC risk with a well‐differentiated nature in Egyptian women. Moreover, XRCC1 haplotypes, 399Gln/194Arg and 399Gln/194Trp, were associated with increased BC risk.
The effects of dual modification on functional, microstructural, and thermal properties of tapioca starch
Authors: Javadian Neda , Mohammadi Nafchi Abdorreza , Bolandi Marzieh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dual modification on the functional, microstructural, and thermal properties of tapioca starch. Tapioca starch was first hydrolyzed by 0.14 M HCl for 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hr and then hydroxypropylated by adding 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% (v/w) propylene oxide. The degree of hydroxypropylation, solubility, water absorption, rheological, thermal, and microstructure characterization of dually modified tapioca starch was determined. Hydroxypropylation did not cause any considerable changes in the starch granular size and shape of tapioca starch. Acid hydrolysis disrupts the starch granules, and the starches with smaller sizes were produced. The degree of molar substitution (DS) of dual modified starches ranged from 0.118 to 0.270. The dual modified starches significantly had higher solubility than native starch (p < .05). Hydrolysis of starches with acid decreases swelling power while hydroxypropylation increases the swelling power. The results also showed lower gelatinization (To, Tp, Tc, and ΔH) and pasting parameters (the peak and final viscosity, peak time, and pasting temperature) for the dual modified starches than other treatments. In summary, this study showed that dually modified tapioca starch has potential application in dip molding and coating.
Assigning evidence to actionability: An introduction to variant interpretation in precision cancer medicine
Authors: Horak Peter , Leichsenring Jonas , Goldschmid Hannah , Kreutzfeldt Simon , Kazdal Daniel , Teleanu Veronica , Endris Volker , Gieldon Laura , Allgäuer Michael , Volckmar Anna‐Lena , Dikow Nicola , Renner Marcus , Kirchner Martina , Penzel Roland , Ploeger Carolin , Brandt Regine , Seker‐Cin Huriye , Budczies Jan , Heilig Christoph E. , Neumann Olaf , Schaaf Christian P. , Schirmacher Peter , Fröhling Stefan , Stenzinger Albrecht 
Published: July 2021

AbstractModern concepts in precision cancer medicine are based on increasingly complex genomic analyses and require standardized criteria for the functional evaluation and reporting of detected genomic alterations in order to assess their clinical relevance. In this article, we propose and address the necessary steps in systematic variant evaluation consisting of bioinformatic analysis, functional annotation and clinical interpretation, focusing on the latter two aspects. We discuss the role and clinical application of current variant classification systems and point out their scope and limitations. Finally, we highlight the significance of the molecular tumor board as a platform for clinical decision‐making based on genomic analyses.
Permo‐Carboniferous crustal accretion in the northern Beishan Orogen, Inner Mongolia: Constraints from Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes and zircon U–Pb geochronology of diorites and granitoids
Authors: Li Min , Ren Bangfang , Xin Houtian , Duan Lianfeng , Ren Yunwei , Niu Wenchao , Liu Wengang 
Published: July 2021

To research the Late Palaeozoic accretionary orogeny and vertical crustal accretion in the northern Beishan Orogen, the zircon U–Pb age, zircon Hf, and whole‐rock Sr–Nd isotopic composition from the Permo‐Carboniferous granitoids and diorites at Hazhu were recorded. Zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb dating shows that the diorite (323.9 ± 1.4 Ma) and quartz monzodiorite (322.6 ± 1.4 Ma) were emplaced during the Early Carboniferous; the tonalite (317.8 ± 1.4 Ma), granodiorite (318.4 ± 1.3 Ma), and monzogranite (316.0 ± 1.3 Ma) were emplaced during the Late Carboniferous; and the monzogranite (257.8 ± 1.1 Ma) was emplaced during the Late Permian. Compared with the Permian granitoids in this area, the mafic microgranular enclave contents in the Carboniferous granitoids are lower, with relatively high (87Sr/86Sr)i values (0.700812–0.706410), low εNd(T) values (0.95–3.72), and old Nd isotopic model age TDM (730–1,228 Ma). However, these Carboniferous granitoids still exhibit partial melting of juvenile crust. The εHf(T) values of Carboniferous granitoids are high (4.3–14.0) but lower than those of the Permian monzogranite (8.1–12.3). The Hf model age (392–781 Ma) is older than that of the Permian monzogranite (408–585 Ma). Recent regional geological data suggested that the Permo‐Carboniferous granitoids at Hazhu are all of juvenile crustal origin, exhibiting considerable mantle source components. Carboniferous granitoids and diorites have obvious arc magmatic properties, which are formed of juvenile crust during subduction accretion orogeny; Permian granitoids show the addition of more mantle‐derived components, which are formed by mantle‐derived magma underplating in an extensional environment and demonstrate the vertical growth of the crust. Our results provide new evidence for the time limit of the Late Palaeozoic accretion and orogeny in the northern Beishan Orogen and even for the vertical accretion of Phanerozoic crust along the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.
Investigating the spectral features of the brain meso‐scale structure at rest
Authors: Iandolo Riccardo , Semprini Marianna , Sona Diego , Mantini Dante , Avanzino Laura , Chiappalone Michela 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecent studies provide novel insights into the meso‐scale organization of the brain, highlighting the co‐occurrence of different structures: classic assortative (modular), disassortative, and core‐periphery. However, the spectral properties of the brain meso‐scale remain mostly unexplored. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated how the meso‐scale structure is organized across the frequency domain. We analyzed the resting state activity of healthy participants with source‐localized high‐density electroencephalography signals. Then, we inferred the community structure using weighted stochastic block‐model (WSBM) to capture the landscape of meso‐scale structures across the frequency domain. We found that different meso‐scale modalities co‐exist and are diversely organized over the frequency spectrum. Specifically, we found a core‐periphery structure dominance, but we also highlighted a selective increase of disassortativity in the low frequency bands (<8 Hz), and of assortativity in the high frequency band (30–50 Hz). We further described other features of the meso‐scale organization by identifying those brain regions which, at the same time, (a) exhibited the highest degree of assortativity, disassortativity, and core‐peripheriness (i.e., participation) and (b) were consistently assigned to the same community, irrespective from the granularity imposed by WSBM (i.e., granularity‐invariance). In conclusion, we observed that the brain spontaneous activity shows frequency‐specific meso‐scale organization, which may support spatially distributed and local information processing.
Task‐related neural mechanisms of persecutory ideation in schizophrenia and community monozygotic twin‐pairs
Authors: Wisner Krista M. , Johnson Melissa K. , Porter James N. , Krueger Robert F. , MacDonald Angus W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPerceptions of spiteful behavior are common, distinct from rational fear, and may undergird persecutory ideation. To test this hypothesis and investigate neural mechanisms of persecutory ideation, we employed a novel economic social decision‐making task, the Minnesota Trust Game (MTG), during neuroimaging in patients with schizophrenia (n = 30) and community monozygotic (MZ) twins (n = 38; 19 pairs). We examined distinct forms of mistrust, task‐related brain activation and connectivity, and investigated relationships with persecutory ideation. We tested whether co‐twin discordance on these measurements was correlated to reflect a common source of underlying variance. Across samples persecutory ideation was associated with reduced trust only during the suspiciousness condition, which assessed spite sensitivity given partners had no monetary incentive to betray. Task‐based activation contrasts for specific forms of mistrust were limited and unrelated to persecutory ideation. However, task‐based connectivity contrasts revealed a dorsal cingulate anterior insula network sensitive to suspicious mistrust, a left frontal–parietal (lF‐P) network sensitive to rational mistrust, and a ventral medial/orbital prefrontal (vmPFC/OFC) network that was sensitive to the difference between these forms of mistrust (all p < .005). Higher persecutory ideation was predicted only by reduced connectivity between the vmPFC/OFC and lF‐P networks (p = .005), which was only observed when the intentions of the other player were relevant. Moreover, co‐twin differences in persecutory ideation predicted co‐twin differences in both spite sensitivity and in vmPFC/OFC–lF‐P connectivity. This work found that interconnectivity may be particularly important to the complex neurobiology underlying persecutory ideation, and that unique environmental variance causally linked persecutory ideation, decision‐making, and brain connectivity.
Current salivary biomarkers for detection of human papilloma virus‐induced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Smith Drew H. , Raslan Shahm , Samuels Michael A. , Iglesias Thomas , Buitron Isabella , Deo Sapna , Daunert Sylvia , Thomas Giovana R. , Califano Joseph , Franzmann Elizabeth J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHuman papilloma virus (HPV) infection is a key risk factor and etiology for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). HPV‐induced OPSCC is rapidly increasing in incidence, with men experiencing increased mortality. When identified at an early stage, HPV‐induced OPSCC can be successfully treated. Diagnosis of HPV‐related OPSCC relies on an expert physical examination and invasive biopsy. Since saliva bathes the oropharyngeal mucosa and can be collected noninvasively, saliva obtained via salivary risings is an attractive body fluid for early detection of HPV‐induced OPSCC. A plethora of DNA, RNA, and protein salivary biomarkers have been explored. This review discusses these markers and their robustness for detecting oncogenic HPV in OPSCC saliva samples. Methods detecting HPV DNA were more reliable than those detecting RNA, albeit both require time‐consuming analyses. Salivary HPV proteomics are a new, promising focus of HPV detection research, and while more practical, lag behind nucleic acid detection methods in their development.
Improving systems of prenatal and postpartum care for hyperglycemia in pregnancy: A process evaluation
Authors: MacKay Diana , Freeman Natasha , Boyle Jacqueline A. , Campbell Sandra , McLean Anna , Peiris David , Corpus Sumaria , Connors Christine , Moore Elizabeth , Wenitong Mark , Silver Bronwyn , McIntyre H. David , Shaw Jonathan E. , Brown Alex , Kirkham Renae , Maple‐Brown Louise ,   the Diabetes Across the Lifecourse: Northern Australia Partnership
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo identify successes to date and opportunities for improvement in the implementation of a complex health systems intervention aiming to improve prenatal and postpartum care and health outcomes for women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy in regional and remote Australia.MethodsA qualitative evaluation, underpinned by the RE‐AIM framework (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance), was conducted mid‐intervention. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with the participants, who included clinicians, regional policymakers and managers, and study implementation staff.ResultsInterviewees (n = 45) reported that the early phase of the intervention had resulted in the establishment of a clinician network, increased clinician awareness of hyperglycemia in pregnancy, and improvements in management, including earlier referral for specialist care and a focus on improving communication with women. Enablers of implementation included existing relationships with stakeholders and alignment of the intervention with health service priorities. Challenges included engaging remote clinicians and the labor‐intensive nature of maintaining a clinical register of women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy.ConclusionThe early phase of this health systems intervention has had a positive perceived impact on systems of care for women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy. Findings have informed modifications to the intervention, including the development of a communication and engagement strategy.
Detecting brain tumors using deep learning convolutional neural network with transfer learning approach
Authors: Anjum Sadia , Hussain Lal , Ali Mushtaq , Alkinani Monagi H. , Aziz Wajid , Gheller Sabrina , Abbasi Adeel Ahmed , Marchal Ali Raza , Suresh Harshini , Duong Tim Q. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAccurate classification of brain tumor subtypes is important for prognosis and treatment. In this study, we optimized and applied non‐deep learning methods based on hand‐crafted features and deep learning methods based on transfer learning using softmax as classification and KNN and SVM as classification for features extracted from deep features of ResNet101. For non‐deep learning techniques, we extracted multimodal features as input to machine learning classifiers. For convolutional neural networks, we optimized and applied GoogleNet and ResNet101with transfer learning approach. The performance was evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), false positive rate (FPR), total accuracy (TA), and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) using Jack‐knife 10‐fold cross validation (CV) for the testing and validation of the dataset. For two‐class classification, entropy features using SVM Gaussian yielded the highest performance with 93.84% TA and 0.9874 AUC, and GoogleNet yielded 99.33% TA. For Multiclass classification, the highest performance to detect pituitary tumor yielded 95.65% accuracy and 0.95 AUC using ResNet101 with transfer learning. Deep features from ResNet101 using KNN improved detection of pituitary tumor (98.80% accuracy, 0.99 AUC), glioma (93.47% accuracy, 0.93 AUC), and meningioma (93.36% accuracy, 0.89 AUC). The deep features ResNet101‐SVM to detect pituitary tumor yielded performance (98.69% accuracy, 0.98 AUC). Deep learning methods with transfer learning along with softmax and KNN and SVM as classification outperformed traditional machine learning methods. This approach may prove useful for prognosis and treatment planning to achieve better clinical outcomes.
Listening for the Literacy Story: Implementing Holistic and Asset‐Based Literacy Curriculum through Literacy Portraiture
Authors: Henderson Violet 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis discussion advocates implementing literacy portraiture within school‐based literacy curriculum when working with culturally and linguistically diverse learners. Through this approach, practitioners can attend to the learner, focus on their voice, and listen for their literacy story to create portraits of their learners from holistic, humanizing, and asset‐based perspectives. While there are varied ways to compose literacy portraits, this discussion provides an exploration of literacy portraiture. Literacy portraiture serves to speak back to deficit‐thinking stances by documenting and transforming, inspiring and informing, and speaking to the head and the heart.
Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles for immune response regulation: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives
Authors: Cai Feiyang , Li Shiyi , Huang Hui , Iqbal Javed , Wang Canran , Jiang Xing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractImmune responses are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammation. These responses are attributed to immune cells that produce cytokines, mediate cytotoxicity, and synthesize antibodies. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are novel agents that intervene with immune responses because of their unique physical‐chemical properties. In particular, GNPs enhance anti‐tumour activity during immunotherapy and eliminate excessive inflammation in autoimmune diseases. However, GNPs synthesized by conventional methods are toxic to living organisms. Green biosynthesis provides a safe and eco‐friendly method to obtain GNPs from microbes or plant extracts. In this review, we describe several patterns for green GNP biosynthesis. The applications of GNPs to target immune cells and modulate the immune response are summarized. In particular, we elaborate on how GNPs regulate innate immunity and adaptive immunity, including inflammatory signaling and immune cell differentiation. Finally, perspectives and challenges in utilizing green biosynthesized GNPs for novel therapeutic approaches are discussed.
Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of curcumin‐loaded endodontic reparative material
Authors: Alipour Mahdieh , Fadakar Sadaf , Aghazadeh Marziyeh , Salehi Roya , Samadi Kafil Hossein , Roshangar Leila , Mousavi Ensieh , Aghazadeh Zahra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCurcumin (CUR) is an ancient therapeutic agent with remarkable antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory properties. The purpose of the current study was to synthesize and evaluate a curcumin‐based reparative endodontic material to reduce infection and inflammation besides the induction of mineralization during the healing of the dentin–pulp complex. Poly‐ɛ‐caprolactone (PCL)/gelatin (Gel)/CUR scaffold was synthesized and assessed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA). Agar diffusion test was performed against E. coli, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. faecalis, and S. mutans. Moreover, proliferative, antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and calcification properties of these scaffolds on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were evaluated. The results showed that PCL/Gel/CUR scaffold had antibacterial effects. Also, these CUR‐based scaffolds had significant inhibitory effects on the expression of tumor necrosis factor α and DCF from inflamed hDPSCs (p < 0.05). Moreover, the induction of mineralization in hDPSCs significantly increased after seeding on CUR‐based scaffolds (p < 0.05). Based on these findings, the investigated CUR‐loaded material was fabricated successfully and provided an appropriate structure for the attachment and proliferation of hDPSCs. It was found that these scaffolds had antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory characteristics and could induce mineralization in hDPSCs, which is essential for healing and repairing the injured dentin–pulp complex.
Understanding Fermi resonances behind the complex vibrational spectra of the methyl groups in simple alcohol, thiol, and their ethers
Authors: Huang Qian‐Rui , Matsuda Yoshiyuki , Eguchi Riku , Fujii Asuka , Kuo Jer‐Lai 
Published: July 2021

AbstractVibrational spectra of the methyl groups in CH3SH, CH3SCH3, CH3OH, and CH3OCH3 monomers were measured to analyze their complex features as a result of bend/umbrella‐stretch Fermi resonance. Multiple bands were recorded between 2800–3000 cm−1 associated with the vibrations of the methyl groups in CH3OH, and CH3OCH3. On the other hand, the corresponding spectra of CH3SH and CH3SCH3 are relatively simpler with main peaks between 2900 to 3000 cm−1. Theoretical ab initio anharmonic algorithm using six normal modes on a methyl group with potential energy surface at CCSD(T)‐F12/aug‐cc‐pVTZ quality is able to account for all the experimentally observed features across these four species. In CH3SCH3 and CH3SH, all three CH stretch fundamentals are above 2900 cm−1, but the fundamental of umbrella mode is lower than 1350 cm−1, thus only the overtone states of two bending modes are able to borrow sufficient intensities. In CH3OCH3 and CH3OH, umbrella modes have frequencies similar to the bending modes and the CH stretch fundamentals are red‐shifted to 2850–2950 cm−1 leading to more complex vibrational features due to better energy‐matching condition.