bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bandwidth enhancement of resonating absorber using a lossy dielectric layer for RCS reduction in X-band
Authors: Palaniappan Inbavalli V. , Rajamanickam SureshKumar T. , Ponnuvel Sakthivel V. , Chakrapani Venkatesh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, a resonating absorber is proposed for radar cross section reduction in the X-band, with the inclusion of a high loss dielectric layer. The absorber consists of a pair of co-centered resonating Jerusalem cross printed on a FR4 substrate cascaded with a high-loss dielectric layer and a metallic back plane. The designed absorber offers 90 % absorption from 7.8–12 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 42.42 %. The designed absorber is 0.106λ

L
thick with a compact square unit cell of size 0.076λ

L
(wavelength at the lowest frequency). An equivalent circuit model is developed to analyze the proposed absorber. The absorber is angularly stable for varying angle of incidences up to 40°–60° for TE and TM polarizations respectively. The planar as well as the conformal structure of the proposed absorber offer a minimum 10 dB radar cross section reduction in the X-band. The conventional approach which involves complex fabrication process of soldering thousands of lumped resistors to increase the bandwidth, whereas the proposed absorber is realized to offer wide absorption using simple PCB etching technique. To validate the design prototype is fabricated and the measurement is carried out.
A preclinical study on effect of betanin on sodium fluoride induced hepatorenal toxicity in wistar rats
Authors: Castelino Darrel , Parida Amrita , Chogtu Magazine Bharti , Fathima Aqsa , KG Mohandas Rao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Excessive fluoride exposure leads to increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, causing harmful effects on the metabolic organs in the human body. Betanin, a pigment obtained from beetroot, is seen to have powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. The study was conducted to determine the role of betanin in fluoride induced hepato-renal toxicity in Wistar rats.

Methods
Twenty four rats were divided into four groups. Group Ⅰ (control) rats received 1 mL distilled water; group Ⅱ rats were administered 10 mg/kg of sodium fluoride (NaF); group Ⅲ received 10 mg/kg NaF and 50 mg/kg (low dose) betanin; group Ⅳ received 10 mg/kg NaF and 200 mg/kg (high dose) betanin. Animals were dosed orally for 90 days. Various markers of liver and kidney function as well as oxidative stress were measured. Liver and kidney samples were examined for histopathology.

Results
Animals in group Ⅱ had significantly increased levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen compared to the NaF + betanin treated animals (group Ⅲ & Ⅳ). Malondialdehyde, nitric oxide levels were significantly lower in rats treated with NaF + betanin (low & high dose). Histologically, in group II rats, signs of interstitial nephritis were seen in the kidneys while liver sections showed clear indication of features of fatty liver and inflammatory cell infiltration. Treatment with betanin alleviated the severity of histopathological changes induced by NaF.

Conclusions
Betanin significantly ameliorated NaF-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, therefore, has potential to be used as protective agent against fluoride induced hepato-renal toxicity.
Universal transient radiation dynamics by abrupt and soft temporal transitions in optical waveguides
Authors: Shlivinski Amir , Hadad Yakir 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
When an excited electromagnetically open optical waveguide goes through a temporal transition of its material properties, it radiates to the ambient surroundings. In this paper, we explore this radiation and reveal, using asymptotic evaluation of path integral in the complex frequency (Laplace) plane, a peculiar space-time dependence of its frequency. Specifically, we derive an asymptotically exact formula (Eq. (11)) for the instantaneous radiation frequency, which exhibits a chirp behavior with respect to time. This simple formula depends on the ambient properties and on the longitudinal wavenumber β of the guided mode before the temporal transition but not on the specific waveguide structure or materials. In addition, we derive a t
−3/2 decay rate of the radiative field amplitude on time. We verify our analytic results using full-wave simulations of a dispersive and lossy indium tin oxide waveguide that undergoes smooth temporal long transitions over up to ∼200 cycles at the initially guided mode frequency. Thus, these theoretical findings offer valuable insights into the behavior of general optical waveguides experiencing temporal transitions and provide a powerful tool for analyzing and designing such THz and optical setups, with potential use in sensing and imaging.
Influence of palm oil ash and palm oil clinker on the properties of lightweight concrete
Authors: Bayagoob Khaled H. , Zeyad Abdullah M. , Amin Mohamed , Agwa Ibrahim Saad , Abd-Elrahman Mahmoud H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The main purpose of this research is to examine the performance of lightweight concrete (LWC) that contains palm oil clinker (POC) as a replacement for aggregate by either 50 or 100% of volume. Also, the use of palm oil ash (POA) and silica fume (SF) as a 10 and 20% weight replacement for cement, respectively, was examined. This research involved designing 20 mixtures. The performance of the fresh mixed LWC was assessed using a slump test. A variety of experiments were used to assess the performance of hardened concrete, including a dry density test, a compressive strength (CS) test, a split tensile strength test, a flexural strength test, and a modulus of elasticity test. In addition, the performance of concrete exposed to high temperatures on CS is evaluated. The transport properties were evaluated by applying tests including water permeability, chloride permeability, and water absorption. Finally, microstructure analysis was performed. The findings revealed that employing cementitious materials, such as SF and POA, as cement replacements or POC as an aggregate substitute reduced workability. The usage of POC as an alternative to aggregate also reduced CS. The mixture containing 100% POC showed the highest reduction, with a rate of 52% lower than the reference mixture. Furthermore, the applied temperature increased to 600°C, resulting in a significant decrease in CS, ranging from 34.6 to 42.6%.
Effectiveness of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation vs heart rate variability biofeedback interventions for chronic pain conditions: A systematic review
Authors: Pellow Katie , Harrison Jackie , Tucker Paul , Harper Brent 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Autonomic regulation has been identified as a potential regulator of pain via vagal nerve mediation, assessed through heart rate variability (HRV). Non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation (nVNS) and heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) have been proposed to modulate pain. A limited number of studies compare nVNS and HRVB in persons with chronic pain conditions. This systematic review compared interventions of nVNS and HRVB in adults with long-standing pain conditions.

Methods
PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library were used to retrieve the randomized controlled trials for this review between the years 2010 and 2023. Search terms included chronic pain, fibromyalgia, headache, migraine, vagus nerve stimulation, biofeedback, HRV, pain assessment, pain, and transcutaneous.

Results
Ten full-text articles of 1,474 identified were selected for full qualitative synthesis, with a combined population of 813 subjects. There were n = 763 subjects in studies of nVNS and n = 50 subjects for HRVB. Six of the nine nVNS studies looked at headache disorders and migraines (n = 603), with two investigating effects on fibromyalgia symptoms (n = 138) and one the effects on chronic low back pain (n = 22). Of the nVNS studies, three demonstrated significant results in episode frequency, six in pain intensity (PI) reduction, and three in reduced medication use. The HRVB study showed statistically significant findings for reduced PI, depression scores, and increased HRV coherence.

Conclusion
Moderate to high-quality evidence suggests that nVNS is beneficial in reducing headache frequency and is well-tolerated, indicating it might be an alternative intervention to medication. HRVB interventions are beneficial in reducing pain, depression scores, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, and in increasing HRV coherence ratio. HRVB and nVNS appear to show clinical benefits for chronic pain conditions; however, insufficient literature exists to support either approach.
Meningitis incidence in cranial base fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Artha Komang Sena Adistira , Wahyuhadi Joni , Arifin Muhammad , Apriawan Tedy , Lestari Pudji , Subagio Eko Agus , Kusumastuti Kurnia 
Published: January 2025

Background: Cranial base fractures are primary brain injuries with high importance in neurotrauma. They occur in 3.5 - 24% of head injuries and are often related to brain injury. Based on location, cranial base fractures occur 70% in the anterior fossa, 20% in the middle central cranial base and 5% in the middle and posterior fossa. The dura mater at the cranial base is significantly thinner than the dome area and easier to cause meningitis when torn due to CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid) leak. Post-traumatic meningitis refers to the meningeal infection caused by craniocerebral trauma. Therefore, we decided to analyze meningitis as a complication of CSF leakage in cranial base fracture.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A thorough literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane and Google scholar. Articles were systematically selected based on the PRISMA protocol and reviewed completely. The articles that met the criteria were summarized and analyzed. The primary outcome measured was CSF, leakage event and Cranial Base Fractures, while the secondary outcome was a meningitis event. This study hasn't been registered to PROSPERO.

Result: There were 15 literatures included in this research. From quantitative analysis, we found that the Risk Ratio (RR) for meningitis incidence in the CSF leakage group was 16.18 (95% CI 1.31 to 199.85). RR for meningitis incidence in the anterior cranial base fracture group was 2.59 (95% CI 1.64 to 4.09). In the antibiotic prophylaxis group, the RR for meningitis incidence was 0.67 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.90). CSF leakage incidence had an RR of 1.39 (95% CI 0.90 to 2.16) in the anterior cranial base fracture group. While RR for meningitis incidence in the surgical management of the CSF leakage group was 1.77 (95% CI 0.87 to 3.61)

Conclusion: There was a significant risk of post-traumatic meningitis in patients with cranial base fractures with CSF leakage compared to those without CSF leakage. Patients with anterior fossa cranial base fractures had a significantly higher risk of post-traumatic meningitis than the posterior fossa. There is a significant risk reduction of developing post-traumatic meningitis in patients with cranial base fractures who were given prophylactic antibiotics compared to those without prophylactic antibiotics. In contrast, CSF leak risk was higher in patients with anterior fossa cranial base fractures compared to the posterior fossa, but not statistically significant. The risk of post-traumatic meningitis in patients with cranial base fractures who underwent surgical treatment was higher than in the conservative group.
Identification of p75 and TrkB receptors role in the incidence of endometriosis and endometrioma tissue invasion onto chorioallantoic membrane
Authors: Dewanto Agung , Rahmana Muhammad Dimas Reza , Arumsari Regina , Khasanah Nurida , Nugraha Wicesa , Trizia Vanessa , Anshori Khoiruddin 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstact: https://youtu.be/noF1KQ1W7Sk

Background: The tropomyosin kinase receptor B (TrkB) and p75 receptors may play a role in the formation of deep endometriosis and are related to the more intense pain in deep nodular endometriosis. Neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulate the survival, growth, and programmed cell death of neurons. This study aimed to explore the expression of BDNF and its receptors in endometriosis and endometrioma tissue invasion implanted in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken eggs.
Methods: Peritoneal endometriosis lesion, endometrioma, and eutopic endometrium were taken from 27 women who underwent hysteroscopy/laparoscopy and analyzed with 15 tissue samples in each group. The age of the patients ranged from 22-45 years old. Samples were transplanted into CAM of fertile chicken eggs for five days then harvested, and histological preparations were made using the paraffin method. IHC staining was performed on p75, Ki67, TrkB, and BDNF stains. Invasion analysis and IHC evaluation was performed with a semi quantitative method. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 25.0.
Result: Normal endometrium expressed the highest expression of BDNF than peritoneal endometriosis and endometrioma. The endometrioma expressed the highest expression of TrkB than other tissues. The P75 expression correlated positively with Ki67 expression in peritoneum and endometrioma samples (p = 0.012; p = 0.008).
Conclusion: The p75 receptor may have a role in endometriosis tissue proliferation, but this receptor does not play a direct role in the process of tissue invasion into CAM. While proliferation in endometriomas is positively correlated with invasion into CAM, it is not correlated with peritoneal endometriosis.
Temporal and severity correlation of COVID-19 with Dermatovenereological disease at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Yulianggoro Erik Rizka , Hidayati Afif Nurul , Prakoeswa Cita Rosita Sigit , Murtiastutik Dwi , Alinda Medhi Denisa , Utomo Budi 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/aT7v85UGnRk

Background: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 with various symptoms, including skin manifestations reported in patients with confirmed cases. There were several studies about the relationship between the onset of dermatovenereological manifestation and the severity of COVID-19 with dermatovenerological manifesting itself. However, there was not much research compared with dermatovenerological disease. This study aims to describe the pattern of dermatovenereological disease related to COVID-19 and find out the temporal correlation and severity of COVID-19.
Method: This study is an analytic retrospective study using consecutive sampling. The data was taken from the medical records of COVID-19 patients at the RIK RSUD Dr. Soetomo in 2021. Twenty-five patient medical records have been selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The collected data were then analyzed using the Chi-Square test in SPSS version 25.0 for Windows.
Results: From 2907 patients, dermatovenereological diseases were found in 0.86% of COVID-19 patients. The most common onset of dermatovenereological disease was before the diagnosis of COVID-19 (65.7%); the results of this study showed that there was no relationship between dermatovenereological disease and the onset of skin symptoms (p>0.05). There was a relationship between dermatovenereological disease pemphigus foliaceus and varicella and the severity of COVID-19 medium(p<0.05).
Conclusion: Various dermatovenereological diseases can follow the symptoms of COVID-19 and may precede systemic symptoms. Most studies failed to report any correlation between the onset and severity of COVID-19 and dermatovenereological disease. Understanding and classifying dermatovenereological disease in COVID-19 patients is crucial.
Development of Scoliocorrector Fatma-UI to aid correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Indonesia
Authors: Phedy Phedy , Hadisoebroto Dilogo Ismail , Indriatmi Wresti , Supriadi Sugeng , Prasetyo Marcel , Octaviana Fitri , Noor Zairin 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/xo5kqpbouJA

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spine deformity and many techniques have been conducted to correct scoliosis. This study aims to develop a set of tools named Scoliocorrector Fatma-UI to aid in the correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, to evaluate them in finite element analysis and biomechanical test, as well as to apply them in a real patient.
Methods: Needs, principles, and ways to achieve the needs of an ideal corrector of scoliosis were listed, and a design was developed. Finite element analysis was performed with static structural, no separation contact, automatic mesh, and a force of 800 N. The design was modified until it passed the finite element test, and the prototype was fabricated. The prototype was biomechanically tested using a universal testing machine. The modulus of elasticity of the tools was recorded. The pull was continued until the point of failure, and the response was recorded. After ethical clearance, the tools were applied to a 15-year-old girl with Lenke 1a- adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Postoperatively, we measured the radiological profile (coronal, sagittal, and rotational) and neurological profile (motor-evoked potential, somatosensory evoked potential, and postoperative motor power).
Results: The correction tools consist of pulleys, wires, correction screws, correction houses, and pulling boards. In finite element analysis, the highest number of nodes and elements were found in the correction board, while the highest stress was in the wire. In biomechanical analysis, we found that the modulus elasticity of the correction tool is 95 613.24 ± 6 332.77 MPa. The failure point occurred at 800 Nm, at which point the wire was slowly detached from the correction screw. In clinical application, we found that the coronal and sagittal angles improved from 53 to 1 degree and 19 to 26 degrees. Axial rotation enhanced from 10 to 4 degrees. Motor-evoked and somatosensory-evoked potential were similar to baselines, and postoperative motor function was normal.
Conclusion: We have developed a set of correction tools that have been evaluated in finite element and biomechanical analysis and clinically applied to an actual patient.
Exploring through the difficulties: Fiber optic laryngoscope in ameloblastoma patient
Authors: Hardjo Hartman Intiarto , Abbas Kun Arifi 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RbKM6_lTk3k

Introduction: Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing but locally aggressive benign tumor in the jaw, commonly presenting with painless swelling. This study focuses on a case of a 57-year-old male with a massive ameloblastoma who underwent local excision and reconstruction surgery with nasal awake fiber optic laryngoscopy (FOL) intubation.
Case Presentation: The patient's pre-operative assessment included an evaluation of comorbidities, anesthetic considerations, and an awake FOL strategy. Awake intubation was chosen due to the patient's facial deformity and large mass, which hindered face mask ventilation and supraglottic airway use. Nasal intubation was performed with non-kinking endotracheal tube (ETT) and topical anesthesia. Post-operative care and extubation were carefully managed. The surgery, lasting 9.5 hours, included a right hemimandibulectomy and reconstruction using a reconstruction plate. Patient vitals remained stable during the procedure. The patient was successfully extubated, and post-operatively, they were mobilized to the recovery room. The patient's respiratory and hemodynamic parameters were within the acceptable range, and they were fully awake following the surgery.
Conclusion: This case demonstrates the successful management of a patient with a large ameloblastoma using awake nasal fiber optic laryngoscopy for intubation. Airway evaluation and choice of intubation method play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and success of the procedure in patients with difficult airways, especially when faced with tumors and potential complications.
Incidence of facial nerve injury after open reduction procedure in patients with mandibular condyle fractures: comparison between classical and modified transparotid techniques
Authors: Luciana Luciana , Wibowo Marjono Dwi , Susilo Dwi Hari 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/mreRemFr6NQ

Background: The most frequent complication of open reduction surgery for condylar bone fractures is injury to the facial nerve branch which most often occurs in open reduction procedures using a transparotid approach using classic or modified techniques. The aim of the study is to determine the incidence of facial nerve injury after open reduction using the transparotid approach and modified transparotid approach in patients with mandibular condyle fractures at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Methods: This is a retrospective-observational cohort descriptive study conducted on 31 patients with mandibular condyle fractures obtained from visit data from the Surgical Emergency Department at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya during January 2021 to August 2023 using secondary data in the form of medical records.
Results: The research subjects consisted of 24 men (77.4%) and 7 women (22.6%) with an age distribution ranging from under the 3rd decade to the 6th decade with the highest number under the 3rd decade as much as 48.4%. Based on the location of the condyle fracture, in this study it was found that 16 samples (51.6%) were at the base condyle, 12 samples (38.7%) were at the neck condyle, and 3 samples (9.7%) were in the head condyle. Then as many as 25 samples (80.6%) of mandibular condyle fractures occurred on one side, and as many as 6 samples (19.4%) occurred on two sides. In this study, there was an insignificant difference between the two techniques studied regarding the duration of surgery (p=0.540) and length of treatment (p=0.628) as well as a significant difference between the two techniques studied, where in the modified technique, the tendency for nerve injury to occur was smaller when compared with classical techniques (p<0.05)
Conclusion: The incidence of facial nerve injury was found to be lower in the modified transparotid technique than in the transparotid technique. The modified transparotid technique can be considered for use in patients with mandibular condyle fractures, both at the base condylar, neck condylar, and at the head condylar, because it is considered safe, easy, and has a low risk of facial nerve injury compared to the transparotid technique.