bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in liver profile and nutrition outcomes in children undergoing intestinal rehabilitation using a mixed lipid injectable emulsion
Authors: Wassef Jessica , Lipkin Elizabeth , Hardigan Patrick , Duro Debora 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPediatric patients undergoing intestinal rehabilitation (IR) using parenteral nutrition (PN) are at higher risk for intestinal failure–associated liver disease (IFALD). Nutrition support, growth, and liver enzymes must be closely monitored while incorporating hepatoprotective lipid injectable emulsions for optimal patient outcomes.ObjectiveDescribe trends of liver profile and nutrition outcomes for pediatric patients undergoing IR using SMOFlipid[SO,MCT,OO,FO‐ILE]).MethodsAfter IRB approval, patients undergoing IR using SO,MCT,OO,FO‐ILE were observed prospectively from January 1, 2017, through December 1, 2019. The following values were documented monthly: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TB), triene/tetraene ratio (TTR), micronutrient and trace element levels, z‐scores for growth, and nutrition support regimen. Values were compared.ResultsThe group involved 16 pediatric patients for an average of 16.4 months on SO,MCT,OO,FO‐ILE. By the end of the study, mean PN hours per day decreased by 34.7%, P < 0.0001. Mean PN calories per kilogram decreased from 60.4 to 48.3, P = 0.004. SO,MCT,OO,FO‐ILE calories met the recommended dietary intake goal of 30% at the average 1.6 g/kg. Growth z‐scores increased in those <2 YOA , although the body mass index decreased in our >2 YOA cohort. Total nutrition received from PN decreased to 62%: a 32% change, P = 0.001. There were no statistically significant changes in AST or ALT. TB decreased by 67.08%, P <0.05. No essential fatty acid deficiency was reported (TTR < 0.02). There were no changes in micronutrient and trace element deficiencies. There was zero new incidences of IFALD.ConclusionsSO,MCT,OO,FO‐ILE may be used long term in pediatric patients while promoting growth and development.
High‐order discontinuous Galerkin method for time‐domain electromagnetics on geometry‐independent Cartesian meshes
Authors: Navarro‐García Héctor , Sevilla Rubén , Nadal Enrique , Ródenas Juan José 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work we present the Cartesian grid discontinuous Galerkin (cgDG) finite element method, a novel numerical technique that combines the high accuracy and efficiency of a high‐order discontinuous Galerkin discretization with the simplicity and hierarchical structure of a geometry‐independent Cartesian mesh. The elements that intersect the boundary of the physical domain require special treatment in order to minimize their effect on the performance of the algorithm. We considered the exact representation of the geometry for the boundary of the domain avoiding any nonphysical artifacts. We also define a stabilization procedure that eliminates the step size restriction of the time marching scheme due to extreme cut patterns. The unstable degrees of freedom are eliminated and the supporting regions of their shape functions are reassigned to neighboring elements. A subdomain matching algorithm and an a posterior enrichment strategy are presented. Combining these techniques we obtain a final spatial discretization that preserves stability and accuracy of the standard body‐fitted discretization. The method is validated through a series of numerical tests and it is successfully applied to the solution of problems of interest in the context of electromagnetic scattering with increasing complexity.
Inpatient Dignity Scale: Mandarin translation and psychometric characteristics evaluation
Authors: Huang Yao , Zhou Ying , Wong Thomas Kwok Shing , Luo Dongyi , Zhang Gangna , Chen Jiani , Smith Graeme D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this paper was to translate the English version of the Inpatient Dignity Scale into Mandarin and to test the psychometric properties of the Mandarin version of the Inpatient Dignity Scale.DesignThis research is a cross‐sectional survey, using convenience sampling.MethodsThe English version of the Inpatient Dignity Scale was translated into Mandarin Chinese. From June–August 2020, 736 inpatients from 50 tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou were recruited to assess the psychometric attributes of the Inpatient Dignity Scale.ResultsThe Mandarin version of the Inpatient Dignity Scale consists of expectation and satisfaction subscales. It differs from the English language version, as the expectation subscale includes three dimensions and the satisfaction subscale includes two dimensions. The total Cronbach alpha coefficient of the expectation subscale and the satisfaction subscale were .820 and .965, respectively, and the split‐half reliability of the expectation subscale and the satisfaction subscale were 0.740 and 0.928, respectively, indicating good internal consistency and effectiveness. Known‐groups validity was established, as 70% of the hypotheses were supported.
Multilayer spectrum of intratumoral heterogeneity in basal bladder cancer
Authors: Sirab Nanor , Drubay Damien , Maillé Pascale , Popova Tatiana , Ngo Carine , Gentien David , Moktefi Anissa , Soyeux‐Porte Pascale , Pelletier Romain , Reyes Cécile , Henry Emilie , Pouessel Damien , Vordos Dimitri , Lebret Thierry , de Reyniès Aurélien , Paoletti Xavier , Radvanyi François , Allory Yves 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBasal/squamous (Ba/Sq) subtype represents an intrinsic and robust group in the consensus molecular classification of muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), with poor outcome and controversial chemosensitivity. We aimed to investigate the spectrum of intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) in the Ba/Sq subtype. First, we validated a 29‐gene NanoString CodeSet to predict the Ba/Sq subtype for FFPE samples. We identified heterogeneous Ba/Sq tumors in a series of 331 MIBC FFPE samples using dual GATA3/KRT5/6 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Heterogeneous regions with distinct immunostaining patterns were studied separately for gene expression using the 29‐gene CodeSet, for mutations by targeted next‐generation sequencing, and for copy number alteration (CNA) by microarray hybridization. Among 83 Ba/Sq tumors identified by GATA3/KRT5/6 dual staining, 19 tumors showed heterogeneity at the IHC level. In one third of the 19 cases, regions from the same tumor were classified in different distinct molecular subtypes. The mutational and CNA profiles confirmed the same clonal origin for IHC heterogeneous regions with possible subclonal evolution. Overall, two patterns of intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) were observed in Ba/Sq tumors: low ITH (regions with distinct immunostaining, but common molecular subtype and shared CNA) or high ITH (regions with distinct immunostaining, molecular subtype, and CNA). These results showed multilayer heterogeneity in Ba/Sq MIBC. In view of personalized medicine, this heterogeneity adds complexity and should be taken into account for sampling procedures used for diagnosis and treatment choice. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The power of external influences to modify judgments of facial and moral beauty
Authors: Glennon Marcus J. , Zeki Semir 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEmpirical evidence shows that the often‐made positive correlation between human physical and moral beauty is tenuous. In this study, we aimed to learn whether facial and moral beauty can be psychophysically separated. Participants (n = 95) provided beauty and goodness (i.e., trustworthiness) ratings for pictures of faces, after which they were presented with a fictitious peer rating for the same face and asked to re‐rate the face. We used the difference between the initial and final ratings to quantify the degree of resistance to external influence. We found that judgments of facial beauty were more resistant to external influence than judgments of facial “goodness”; in addition, there was significantly higher agreement within beauty ratings than within goodness ratings. These findings are discussed in light of our Bayesian–Laplacian classification of priors, from which we conclude that moral beauty relies more upon acquired “artifactual” priors and facial beauty more on inherited biological priors.
The demographic and disability characteristics of individuals who regularly attend an urban adaptive fitness center: An observational study
Authors: Nalla Sindhoori , Huang Kevin , Spangenberg Jacqueline , Chen Liqi , Jayabalan Prakash 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionWhile it is well known that regular physical activity provides significant physical and psychosocial health benefits, people with disabilities have disproportionately lower rates of exercise compared to the able‐bodied population. Reduced levels of physical activity can put this population at an increased risk of chronic health conditions, highlighting the importance of ensuring that our communities have accessible adaptive fitness opportunities.ObjectivesTo evaluate the demographic and disability characteristics in individuals who regularly attend a specialized urban adaptive fitness center, to provide foundational understanding about the population that uses such resources.DesignCross‐sectional studySettingSpecialized urban adaptive fitness centerParticipantsSixty‐three (n = 63) participants who regularly attend an urban Adaptive Sports and Fitness CenterInterventionNot applicableMain Outcome MeasureWorld Health Organization (WHO) Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0, evaluating disability in six domains: cognition, mobility, self‐care, getting along, life activities, and participation. Results were converted into scores ranging from 0 (no disability) to 100 (total disability) and compared to WHO published norms for the general population and a demographics intake form.ResultsParticipants with mean age of 52.9 ±14.3 years were grouped into three diagnostic categories: spinal cord injury (30.2%), traumatic brain injury/stroke (36.5%), and other neurologic disease/chronic medical disease (33.3%). A total of 45.9% live alone, 96.8% exercise at least twice/week, and 43.5% participate in adaptive sports. Participants travel 8.0 miles on average for attendance. WHODAS disability summary score was 26.48 (86th percentile).ConclusionsAlthough adaptive fitness center participants had a higher level of disability than 80% to 90% of the general population, regular participation was realistic and feasible. Further understanding of the barriers in those who do not engage in such facilities is needed.
Cover Image, Volume 77, Issue 11
Authors: Li Fang , Yamamoto Akihiko , Belikoff Esther J , Berger Amy , Griffith Emily H , Scott Maxwell J 
Published: October 2021

The cover image is based on the Research Article A conditional female lethal system for genetic suppression of the global fruit crop pest Drosophila suzukii by Fang Li et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6530. Design Credit: Dr. Amarish Yadav and Dr. Akihiko Yamamoto.image
Recreating a sense of home in a foreign land among older Chinese immigrants in Australia
Authors: Gao Siyao , Dupre Karine , Bosman Caryl 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study focuses on the ageing experiences of older Chinese immigrants in Australia. The life course perspective provides a framework to investigate the main aspects relating to a sense of home and to analyse how family, relational, and societal factors influence older Chinese immigrants' construction of a sense of home in a transnational context. This paper is based on qualitative data from 30 in‐depth interviews with older Chinese immigrants living on the Gold Coast, Australia. This study reveals that family relationships, independence, and social interactions contribute to constructing a sense of home among older Chinese immigrants. Findings elucidate the interrelations between personal adaptive actions and mindsets, Chinese organisations, and social policies in the life experiences of older Chinese immigrants in Australia. This study suggests that policymakers need to be more sensitive to the significance of culture; it also highlights the need to further support existing cultural services that contribute to developing a sense of home for older Chinese immigrants.
Worse life, psychological suffering, but ‘better’ housing: The post‐gentrification experiences of displaced residents from Xuanwumen, Beijing
Authors: Huang Xing , Liu Yuting 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGentrification, the process of transforming a neighbourhood with social class upgrading and landscape change, has undoubtedly impacted existing residents. Although massive amounts of research have analysed gentrification‐induced displacement, there is comparatively much less research about the residents' experiences after being displaced. Therefore, this paper seeks to fill this gap through empirical research on the subjective experiences of displaced residents from Xuanwumen, Beijing. The study finds that those displaced residents suffered serious negative effects in terms of their quality of life and emotional well‐being. Furthermore, despite the resettlement housing being of higher quality, long‐term negative impacts on the local groups have emerged as time passes. By revealing the post‐gentrification experience of those displaced, this study provides a better understanding of the consequences and integral logic of the process of gentrification.
Restoration of riparian vegetation on a mountain river degraded by historical mining and grazing
Authors: Cubley Erin S. , Richer Eric E. , Baker Daniel W. , Lamson Chris G. , Hardee Travis L. , Bledsoe Brian P. , Kulchawik Peter L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRiparian ecosystems in montane areas have been degraded by mining, streamflow alterations, and livestock grazing. Restoration of ecological and economic functions, especially in high‐elevation watersheds that supply water to lower elevation urban and agriculture areas is of high priority. We investigated the response of riparian vegetation and bank stability following channel treatments and riparian habitat restoration along a segment of the upper Arkansas River south of Leadville, Colorado. The study area has been historically degraded by heavy‐metal mining and is designated a U.S. Superfund site. Additionally, trans‐basin water diversions and livestock grazing have contributed to channel widening and altered vegetation composition and cover. We used a before‐after‐control impact study design in four reaches with varied contamination and grazing history to assess restoration success. Before restoration, streambanks were dominated by graminoids and total vegetation cover varied among reaches with willow cover less than 16% in three reaches. Post‐restoration, changes in total vegetation cover fell short of projected goals, but willow cover was greater than 20% in all study reaches. The increase in woody cover likely contributed to reduced erosion and vegetation encroachment post‐restoration. Differences in functional group cover among reaches persisted post‐restoration and may be attributed to soil contamination levels and low willow seed rain and dispersal. These results highlight the importance of setting realistic restoration goals based on elevation and past land use. We recommend further remediation of fluvial tailings with low vegetation cover and continued monitoring of willow height and cover to determine if further restoration activities are needed.
Benefitting from Synergistic Effect of Anion and Cation in Antimony Acetate for Stable CH3NH3PbI3‐Based Perovskite Solar Cell with Efficiency Beyond 21%
Authors: Liu Pengyun , Chen Yonghui , Xiang Huimin , Yang Xiaoqing , Wang Wei , Ran Ran , Zhou Wei , Shao Zongping 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBoth the film quality and the electronic properties of halide perovskites have significant influences on the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) because both of them are closely related to the charge carrier transportation, separation, and recombination processes in PSCs. In this work, an additive engineering strategy using antimony acetate (Sb(Ac)3) is employed to enhance the photovoltaic performance of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3)‐based PSCs by improving the film quality and optimizing the photoelectronic properties of halide perovskites. It is found that Ac− and Sb3+ of Sb(Ac)3 play different roles and their synergistic effect contributed to the eventual excellent photovoltaic performance of MAPbI3‐based PSCs with a power conversion efficiency of above 21%. The Ac− anions act as a crystal growth controller and are more involved in the improvement of perovskite film morphology. By comparison, Sb3+ cations are more involved in the optimization of the electronic structure of perovskites to tailor the energy levels of the perovskite film. Furthermore, with the assistance of Sb(Ac)3, MAPbI3‐based PSCs deliver much improved moisture, air, and thermal stability. This work can provide scientific insights on the additive engineering for improving the efficiency and long‐term stability of MAPbI3‐based PSCs, facilitating the further development of perovskite‐based optoelectronics.
Stimuli‐Responsive Materials from Ferrocene‐Based Organic Small Molecule for Wearable Sensors
Authors: Li Ling , Zhang Jianyu , Yang Chenyi , Huang Le , Zhang Jun , Bai Jie , Redshaw Carl , Feng Xing , Cao Changyong , Huo Nengjie , Li Jingbo , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStimuli‐responsive crystals capable of energy conversion have emerged as promising materials for smart sensors, actuators, wearable devices, and robotics. Here, a novel ferrocene‐based organic molecule crystal (Fc‐Cz) that possesses anisotropic piezoelectric, optical, and mechanical properties is reported. It is demonstrated that the new crystal Fc‐Cz can be used as an ultrasensitive piezoelectric material in fabricating strain sensors. The flexible sensor made of crystal Fc‐Cz can detect small strains/deformations and motions with a fast response speed. Analysis based on density functional theory (DFT) indicates that an external pressure can affect the dipole moment by changing the molecular configuration of the asymmetric single crystal Fc‐Cz in the crystalline state, leading to a change of polarity, and thereby an enhanced dielectric constant. This work demonstrates a new artificial organic small molecule for high‐performance tactile sensors, indicating its great potential for developing low‐cost flexible wearable sensors.
Isolation of Salmonella spp. from black spiny‐tailed iguana (Ctenosaura similis) meat commercialised in markets of León city, Nicaragua
Authors: Ríos Rosmary , Flores Byron , Mora‐Sánchez Brenda , Torres Dayana , Sheleby‐Elías Jessica , Jirón William , Balcázar José L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe black spiny‐tailed iguana (Ctenosaura similis) is an endemic animal in Mesoamerica, whose meat is consumed by the local population.ObjectivesBecause the black spiny‐tailed iguana may be potential reservoirs of pathogens, this study aimed to isolate and characterise Salmonella spp. in their meat commercialised in markets of the city of León, Nicaragua.MethodsThirteen specimens were analysed for the isolation of Salmonella spp., as well as their antimicrobial resistance patterns, including the presence of genes encoding extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases.ResultsSalmonella spp. isolates were found in eight out of 13 samples, with S. enterica serovar Enteritidis being found in six out of eight samples. Moreover, eight Salmonella spp. isolates were resistant to amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid and cephalexin, but sensitive to other tested antibiotics. The blaSHV gene was detected in seven out of eight Salmonella spp. isolates, followed by the blaTEM (two out of eight) and blaCXT‐M (one out of eight) genes.ConclusionsThese findings represent an important contribution to the implementation of appropriate strategies to prevent foodborne diseases.
Compensatory hydraulic uptake of water by tomato due to variable root‐zone salinity
Authors: Tzohar D. , Moshelion M. , Ben‐Gal A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPlant root systems are exposed to spatial and temporal heterogeneity regarding water availability. In the long‐term, compensation, increased uptake by roots in areas with favorable conditions in response to decreased uptake in areas under stress, is driven by root growth and distribution. In the short‐term (hours–days), compensative processes are less understood. We hypothesized hydraulic compensation where local lowered water availability is accompanied by increased uptake from areas where water remains available. Our objective was to quantify instantaneous hydraulic root uptake under conditions of differential water availability. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants were grown in split‐root weighing‐drainage lysimeters in which each half of the roots could alternatively be exposed to short‐term conditions of salinity. Uptake was quantified from each of the two root zone compartments. One‐sided exposure to salinity immediately led to less uptake from the salt‐affected compartment and increased uptake from the nontreated compartment. Compensation occurred at salinity, caused by NaCl solution of 4 dS m−1, that did not decrease uptake in plants with entire root systems exposed. At higher salinity, 6.44 dS m−1, transpiration decreased by ∼50% when the total root system was exposed. When only half of the roots were exposed, total uptake was maintained at levels of nonstressed plants with as much as 85% occurring from the nontreated compartment. The extent of compensation was not absolute and apparently a function of salinity, atmospheric demand, and duration of exposure. As long as there is no hydraulic restriction in other areas, temporary reduction in water availability in some parts of a tomato's root zone will not affect plant‐scale transpiration.
ToSkORL: Selbst- und Fremdeinschätzung bei der Untersuchung des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs
Authors: Sharaf Kariem , Felicio-Briegel Axelle , Widmann Magdalena , Huber Johanna , Eggersmann Tanja Kristina , Stadlberger Ursula , Schrötzlmair Florian , Canis Martin , Lechner Axel 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ein zentrales Ziel des Medizinstudiums ist der Erwerb theoretischer und praktischer Kompetenzen. Es mangelt jedoch an Evidenz, wie der Erwerb von Kompetenzen in speziellen Untersuchungstechniken gemessen werden kann. ToSkORL (Teaching of Skills in Otorhinolaryngology) ist ein Projekt, das die studentische Selbstwahrnehmung ihrer Kompetenz bei speziellen Untersuchungstechniken der Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde und des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs aus didaktisch-wissenschaftlicher Sichtweise beleuchtet.

Methodik
Im Rahmen des Untersuchungskurses erfolgte eine standardisierte mündlich-praktische Prüfung zu neun verschiedenen Untersuchungstechniken. Vor der Prüfung erfolgte eine Evaluation der studentischen Selbsteinschätzung mittels Fragebogen, die Prüfung wurde mittels Checkliste durch die Prüfenden standardisiert geprüft. Selbst- und Fremdeinschätzung nach der Likert-Skala wurden korreliert. Die neun Untersuchungstechniken wurden jeweils 42-mal von insgesamt 91 Studierenden in gegenseitiger Untersuchung durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Die Selbsteinschätzung der Kompetenz in den Untersuchungstechniken variiert erheblich, insgesamt schätzten Studierende ihre eigene Untersuchungskompetenz weitgehend unabhängig von Alter und Geschlecht meist realistisch ein. Studierende mit einem hohen Interesse an der Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde gaben bessere Selbsteinschätzungen an, neigten jedoch auch eher zur Selbstüberschätzung. Bei Untersuchungen des mittleren Schwierigkeitsniveaus ergab sich die größte Divergenz von Selbst- und Fremdeinschätzung.

Schlussfolgerung
Die studentische Selbsteinschätzung ist ein geeignetes Instrument zur Messung der Untersuchungskompetenz in der Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde. Es sollte ein besonderer Fokus auf die Lehre vermeintlich mittelschwerer Untersuchungstechniken gelegt werden, da diese am stärksten über- und unterschätzt werden.