bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the national alcohol control strategy (Green Paper on Alcohol Policy) of Estonia
Authors: Rehm Jürgen , Reile Rainer , Correia Daniela , Neufeld Maria , Jiang Huan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionEstonia is a Baltic country with high adult alcohol per capita (APC) consumption. Since 2013, its alcohol control policy has been guided by the Green Paper on Alcohol Policy (GP), which is the equivalent of a non‐binding national alcohol action plan. This contribution attempts to evaluate the overall impact of the GP on APC.MethodsFor the overall evaluation, APC was quantitatively compared for three periods: pre‐GP (2000–2012), the core period of the GP (2013–2019) and the COVID‐19 phase (2020–2022), using Analysis of Variance.ResultsAPC decreased on average by 0.25 L of pure alcohol per year in the 7 years defined as the core period of the GP, whereas it increased in the other periods between 2001 and 2022 (period 2001–2012: +0.47 L; 2020–2022: +0.27 L). These differences were statistically significant (F [1, 18] = 5.22, p = 0.035). Moreover, there was no overall trend of decreasing APC during the core period of the GP in neighbouring countries (Latvia, Lithuania and Poland).Discussion and ConclusionsThe combination of the various measures of the national alcohol policy was associated with a marked decrease in APC.
The business analytics skills employers are looking for
Authors: Levendis John , Indika Nuwan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBusiness analytics is a fast‐growing field that requires a combination of technical, analytical, and communication skills. This article aims to identify the most sought after skills for business analytics jobs based on a content analysis of over 2600 online job postings. The results show that the top skills include analytics, communication, visualization, data science, business requirements, and problem‐solving. The article also discusses the implications of these findings for curriculum design and career development. Aside from the standard battery of statistics classes, we argue that every analytics curriculum should contain components teaching statistical communication, visualization, databases, and programming as well as include a capstone project.
E‐Learning in Dental Medicine: A Key to More Equality?
Authors: Hartmann Amely , Steinhoff Sara , Al‐Nawas Bilal , Heimes Diana , Kämmerer Peer W. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic prompted a rapid shift towards remote learning in dental education, influencing practicing dentists' work‐life balance (WLB). This German nationwide questionnaire study, conducted in September 2022, aimed to explore the impact of transitioning to remote learning on the WLB of dentists, considering factors such as gender, parental status and professional roles.MethodsA voluntary and anonymous online survey involving 672 dentists utilised the ‘Trier Short Scale for Measuring Work‐Life Balance’ (TKS‐WLB). Statistical analyses used R, employing descriptive statistics for metric variables and mixed models for group comparisons. Post hoc analyses utilised t‐tests.ResultsOverall, participants reported an enhanced WLB post‐transition. Gender disparities were observed, with men consistently experiencing better balance than women. The primary motivator for online training participation was the reduction of travel‐related challenges, cited by 92% of respondents. Notably, 52.8% faced no issues with the transition, and 55.5% found online training to complement in‐person events effectively. Women (71.8%) and participants with children (73.2%) expressed a preference for future asynchronous online training opportunities.ConclusionsThis study underscores the positive impact of remote learning on the WLB of dentists, extending beyond the pandemic's challenges. Innovative online training programs, particularly beneficial for women and those with family commitments, have the potential to reshape dental education.
Forest Productivity Decreases in Response to Recent Changes in Vegetation Structure and Climate in the Latitudinal Extremes of the European Continent
Authors: Tijerín‐Triviño Julián , Lines Emily R. , Zavala Miguel A. , García Mariano , Astigarraga Julen , Cruz‐Alonso Verónica , Dahlgren Jonas , Ruiz‐Benito Paloma 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimClimate change is driving increasingly frequent and intense extreme climatic events, pushing many forests worldwide beyond their physiological thresholds. Despite the major role played by forests in the global carbon cycle, climate change threatens the future potential for carbon sequestration in forests. Hence, studies of recent changes in stand productivity and the underlying drivers over large areas are critical to understand and assess the forest carbon sink. We aimed to describe recent changes in forest productivity in the latitudinal extremes of the European continent and the role of climate and climate change in driving these patterns.LocationLatitudinal extremes of the European continent (Spain and Sweden).Time PeriodFrom 1980s to the present.Major Taxa StudiedTrees.MethodsWe analysed data from > 13,900 plots in Mediterranean, temperate and boreal regions using three consecutive surveys from the Spanish and Swedish National Forest Inventories (NFI). Generalised linear models were parameterised to assess how forest structure, climate and climatic anomalies (mean temperature, annual precipitation, drought, heatwaves) influenced forest productivity across two time periods.ResultsDespite increases in stand basal area, forest productivity declined over time. The effects of recent climate change intensified, with temperature anomalies increasingly and negatively impacting productivity in most regions. Region‐specific effects were observed: Heatwaves and reduced precipitation in the Mediterranean, intensified droughts in temperate regions and increased precipitation in boreal areas further influenced productivity dynamics.Main ConclusionsOur results showed a marked decrease in forest productivity due to climatic warming over time and a differential sensitivity to extreme climatic events across regions, which will affect multiple dependent ecosystem functions. Our findings provide further evidence that altered forest productivity due to climate change may hinder the carbon sink capacity of European forests.
Predictive Models of Arteriovenous Endovascular Fistula Deterioration in Maintenance Haemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dong Xuhui , Chen Defeng , Peng Wanlin , Li Bei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimsThe aim of this study is to systematically evaluates of risk prediction models for loss of arteriovenous endovascular fistula function in maintenance haemodialysis patients to provide guidance for establishing and improving the model.DesignThe PRISMA guidelines guided this systematic review. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD:42023416964).MethodsThis systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted on various databases, including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, Wanfang Database, Vipshop Journal Repository and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. The objective of this extensive search was to identify studies pertaining to predictive models for the occurrence of autogenous arteriovenous fistula failure. The search period extended from the creation of the databases to 4 April 2023. Two reviewers independently reviewed the literature to ensure the reliability of the findings. Extraction of relevant data and analysis of the risk of bias and applicability of the included literature were conducted using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Predictive Modelling Studies. Outcome data were reported by narrative synthesis.ResultsEight studies were included in the analysis. One study incorporated both internal and external validation, two studies employed internal validation and one study utilized external validation. The multivariate models reported that age, diabetes and hypotension on dialysis were the independent predictors in common. It is noteworthy that all studies exhibited some degree of bias. However, the applicability of the findings was deemed adequate.ConclusionThe prediction model for the occurrence of arteriovenous endovascular fistula failure in patients with maintenance haemodialysis has good applicability. However, the overall bias is high, and the model's methodology contains defects. To address these issues, further research is necessary to construct the model in accordance with the PROBAST tool. Healthcare professionals should intervene promptly in high‐risk patients with the aforementioned risk factors to minimize the incidence.
Experimental Study of Dike‐Break Induced Flow Generated by Instantaneous Opening of the Side Gate
Authors: Zhang Dawei , Wang Zhongxiang , Liu Huiwen , Bi Wuxia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA large‐scale experimental model of instantaneous dike‐break induced flow was conducted in this work. Water level variations in the river channel and floodplain, breach discharge, and the surface velocity field at the breach were measured during dike failure. The results show that: (i) The water level in the river rapidly decreased to a minimum (15%–22% of the initial water depth), then began to gradually rise, and finally approached stable. The water level in the floodplain gradually increased and ultimately tended towards stability. (ii) The breach discharge initially increased to a peak, then gradually decreased with a decreasing rate. The peak discharge was not only related to the initial river water level before dike‐break, but also to the river velocity. Under the same conditions, the higher the river water level or the higher the river velocity, the greater the flood peak at the breach. And (iii) During the process of dike‐break, the surface velocity of the breach flow gradually decreased. Other things being equal, a higher river water depth or a higher river velocity led to a larger surface velocity of the breach flow. These findings help better understand the hydrodynamic process and provide data support for models.
Racialized and moral‐religious politics of migrant acompañamiento: Informal hosting as local care entrepreneurship along migration routes
Authors: Winters Nanneke 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis article contributes to understanding contemporary processes of racialization in the Central American migration landscape by looking at the residential reception of increasingly diverse groups of people on the move. Based on research in southern Honduras, it argues that we need to disentangle the racialized and religious politics involved with informal spaces of assistance or acompañamiento in contexts where migrants tend to stay temporarily. Engaging with the notion of acompañamiento through the hosting practices of ordinary citizens shows how racialization gets produced and reinforced in tandem with religious teachings, entrepreneurial considerations, and local migration anxieties. The article concludes that racialization is shaped through the histories and inequalities of place and confirms the intersectional nature of racialization, which incorporates religious identities and hierarchies. Highlighting how the challenges of acompañamiento help attend to shared experiences of injustice and persistent inequalities of human mobility, the article also contributes to broadening migrant trajectory research to the communities that surround migration routes.
Preliminary Field‐Based Assessment of Disease Symptoms and Physical Wounds in Endangered Shennongjia Golden Snub‐Nosed Monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana hubeiensis) Colonies: Implications for Conservation
Authors: Zaman Muhammad , Wei Fangyi , Chen Mei , Chen Luwei , Yao Hui , Xiang Zuofu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundGlobally, approximately 60% of primate taxa are in danger of extinction and the population of 75% of primate species are declining in their natural habitats. The Endangered R. roxellana hubeiensis monkeys in Shennongjia National Park face threats due to their limited genetic diversity and restricted habitat.MethodOur study aimed to assess the health of these monkeys through focal animal sampling observations of 90 individuals from June 2023 to July 2024. Additionally, we compared the prevalence of health concerns on days with and without snow. We identified health issues in 32 individuals (46%), including wounds, signs suggesting disease, and deaths.ResultsNine lactating females one juvenile and one infant had eye injuries. We noticed three females and one male exhibiting symptoms of eye diseases. We observed that one adult male and three females showed signs of respiratory disease, while three females exhibited signs of skin disease. We found that one adult male and three females indicated signs of respiratory disease and three females showed signs of skin disease. We found that seven monkeys of different ages, including adults, juveniles and infants, died from injuries, diseases and unknown causes. Respiratory and skin disease symptoms were more common on snowy days than on non‐snowy days. Additionally, physical and eye injuries were also more prevalent on snowy days.ConclusionsIn general, our study investigated the health status of Shennongjia golden snub‐nosed monkeys and found signs of disease, wounds, and death. Our study also highlighted health issues in monkeys, which can help guide conservation efforts to ensure their survival in their natural habitats.
Occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii in Three Tamarin Species (Saguinus geoffroyi, Saguinus oedipus, and Leontocebus fuscicollis) Ex Situ in Colombia
Authors: Angarita‐Corzo Karime , Henao‐Montoya Lina M. , Franco‐G Mónica , Riva Henrique G. , Correa‐Valencia Nathalia M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundToxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is a zoonotic disease affecting public health and wildlife conservation, including nonhuman primates. This study evaluated the presence of T. gondii in three neotropical tamarin species (Leontocebus fuscicollis, Saguinus geoffroyi and Saguinus oedipus) at Barranquilla Zoo, Colombia.MethodsA retrospective analysis (2017–2022) was conducted on 17 tamarins. Clinical evaluations and blood samples were used to detect IgG antibodies via latex agglutination test. Necropsies and histopathological analyses were used to assess organ lesions associated with T. gondii.ResultsIn 2017, 35% (6/17) of the participants tested seropositive, increasing to 100% (13/13) by 2022. Antibody titer fluctuations were noted, with significant increases in female S. oedipus. Four deaths occurred, two linked to active or chronic infections. Stray cats and rodents in the zoo were identified as possible transmission vectors.ConclusionsThis study highlights T. gondii exposure to tamarins, associated mortality, and diagnostic challenges. Recommendations include stray cat management, pest control, and the exploration of vaccines to reduce transmission risks.
The Unsung Drivers of Structural Transformation in Developing Economies
Authors: Chakrabarti Debkumar , Bhattacharjee Sankalpa , Sethi Pradeepta 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper undertakes a comprehensive review of some of the less‐discussed factors that harbor the potential to explain the wide variations in structural transformation, especially amongst developing economies. We begin by critically reviewing the effects of income, relative price, and international trade, which are generally considered drivers of structural change, with special emphasis on developing economies. Subsequently, we bring to the forefront three comparatively less‐discussed factors—income inequality, financial market imperfections, and government policy that can explain a large part of the divergences in the transformation patterns of developing economies. Underscoring the limitation of the conventional discourse that relates cross‐country differences in structure in terms of cross‐country differences in manufacturing, we emphasize the need for the theoretical discourse to move beyond the industry‐centric approach to focus on the recent research that views the surge of services as an additional engine of growth and the possible avenues through which it can affect structural transformation.
Predicting weekday and weekend sleep: Interactions between peers and mothers
Authors: McWood Leanna M. , Erath Stephen A. , Hinnant Ben , El‐Sheikh Mona 
Published: February 2025

SummaryAdolescents often experience insufficient, inconsistent and poor‐quality sleep. Deviant peer affiliation may promote insufficient or inconsistent sleep schedules, and could be an important factor in understanding adolescents' sleep. Furthermore, parenting behaviours have been shown to impact sleep in youth. We examined relations between deviant peer affiliation and sleep in adolescents, and assessed the role of maternal management of peer relationships as a moderator of these associations. A sample of 131 adolescents (Mage = 15.75 years, SD = 9.5 months; 70% white, 30% black; 54% female) reported their deviant peer affiliation, and mothers reported their directive and non‐directive management of peer relationships. Adolescents wore actigraphs for 1 week to assess sleep hours, efficiency, onset and latency, which were used to calculate weekend (Friday–Saturday) and weekday (Sunday–Thursday) sleep parameters. Using latent difference score models, results indicated that deviant peer affiliation was associated with shorter and less efficient sleep during the weekend. Moderation effects suggested that deviant peer affiliation related to fewer sleep hours, later sleep onset and longer sleep latency during the weekend for adolescents with higher levels of non‐directive maternal management. Furthermore, the greatest difference between weekend and weekday sleep onset was found for youth with both higher levels of deviant peer affiliation and higher levels of non‐directive maternal management of peer relationships. Results of this study provide evidence that deviant peer relationships may be particularly influential for weekend sleep, and that more active maternal management of peer relationships can protect against poor sleep.
Habitat Preference of Risso's Dolphins (Grampus griseus) off the South Coast of Portugal
Authors: Martins Miguel P. , Matos Fábio L. , Cid André , Estrela Guilherme , Quirin Alicia , Borges Francisco O. , Castro Joana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTInformation on the occurrence and ecology of Risso's dolphins off the southern coast of Portugal is limited and poorly understood. This study investigated the occurrence of this species in the Algarve via presence‐absence models. In total 63 Risso's dolphin sightings were recorded with an average group size of 10 animals and a presence of immature animals in most groups (73.02%). Generalized Additive Models were fitted to test how static and dynamic oceanographic variables affected Risso's dolphin occurrence between 2010 and 2020, from a presence‐absence dataset. The optimal model showed that Risso's dolphins' probability of occurrence was higher close to the coast, and positively related to sea surface temperature, reaching a maximum presence probability between 22°C and 24°C. A positive but nonsignificant relationship between chlorophyll‐a concentration with 1 month time lag and Risso's dolphin presence was also detected. This study provides a first step to understanding habitat preference of Risso's dolphins in the south of Portugal and identifies this area's importance for the species.
A Modified Intrabony Defect Model of Periodontitis in Rat
Authors: Cao Pei , Yu Chen‐hao , Liu Yuan‐qing , Chen Liang , Luan Qing‐xian , Liu Jia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the radiographic depth of the periodontal bone defect, as well as clinical and histological outcomes, between the proposed ligated defect model and the current non‐ligated defect model, which often heals spontaneously and fails to replicate the complexities of periodontitis.MethodsThe proposed model combined osteotomy to create controlled periodontal bone defects (depth of 1.5 mm) and ligature placement around the cervical region of the maxillary first molar to induce inflammation. Micro‐CT analysis, clinical examinations, histological evaluations, and quantitative PCR were conducted to assess defect morphology, healing, and inflammatory marker expression over 6 weeks, compared with the non‐ligated defect group, sham surgery group, and control.ResultsBone defect in the ligated defect group remained unhealed after surgery (1.525 ± 0.068 mm in depth at 2 weeks and 1.543 ± 0.082 mm at 6 weeks), with inflammatory cell infiltration and elevated expression of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α, contrasting with observed healing from 1.328 ± 0.075 mm (2 weeks) to 0.593 ± 0.118 mm (6 weeks) in the non‐ligated defect group.ConclusionsThis model not only simulates the pathological features of periodontitis but also provides a reliable platform for testing innovative regenerative strategies and could lead to the development of specialized models for other periodontal conditions.
Compound microbial agents improve the soil properties, fertilizer utilization and bacterial community structure in a continuous cropping soil
Authors: Liu Tingna , An Fangjiao , Su Yongzhong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo determine the effects of compound microbial agents on soil nutrient and fertilizer utilization, the diversity and metabolic pathways of continuous cropping soil bacterial communities, and the key driving factors, a pot experiment was established with six treatments: no fertilizer application (T1), conventional fertilizer application (T2), T2 + microbial agents (T3), T2 + biochar + microbial agents (T4), T2 + attapulgite clay + microbial agents (T5), and T2 + organic fertilizer + microbial agents (T6). We used high‐throughput sequencing technology to determine changes in wheat growth, soil nutrients, and bacterial community structure composition and diversity in different treatments. The results showed that (1) microbial agents alone and combination treatments significantly increased spikelet number, grain number per spikelet, and seed weight of wheat as compared with T2 and T1 (p < .05). (2) The application of microbial agents significantly improved soil nutrient content and fertilizer utilization, in that T4 significantly improved soil organic matter and total nutrients, T6 significantly improved soil effective nutrient content, T3, T4, T5, and T6 significantly increased agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers (AEN) by 22.6%, 41.5%, 24.7%, and 30.8% compared with T2, T4, and T5 significantly improved nitrogen fertilizer utilization (REN) by 33.0% and 24.0%, 49.6% and 39.5% compared with T3 and T2 (p < .05). (3) The compound microbial agents significantly affected the composition of soil bacterial communities, for example, it significantly decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria, and significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes. (4) The diversity and richness of soil bacterial communities were mainly influenced by TP, TN, AN, TC, and OM content in the soil. The combined application of microbial agents with organic fertilizers, biochar, and attapulgite changed the balance of the original soil microbial system, provided more nutrients to the soil environment, and supplemented the microbial species required by the crop, thus increasing the soil nutrient content. In addition, PICRUSt analysis showed that the metabolic pathways were generally similar across different treatments. These results improve the understanding of soil microecological environment in arid areas and support sustainable agriculture by establishing soil improvement strategies with a single and combined application of microbial agents to improve soil fertility.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐A*68:325 Allele by Sequencing‐Based Typing
Authors: Pajot Thibault , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Labalette Myriam 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHLA‐A*68:325 differs from HLA‐A*68:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon −20 in exon 1.