Pengaruh Pencemaran Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Ekskresi Iodium Urine (EIU) Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 25-60 Bulan di Kelurahan Kedung Cowek Surabaya
Authors: LEONI LEONI , DIARSVITRI WIENTA , BIUTIFASARI VERNA BIUTIFASARI 
Published: June 2021

<p><strong>Latar belakang : </strong>Keberadaan anak-anak yang bertempat tinggal di daerah pesisir dengan risiko mengalami keracunan timbal (Pb) masih cukup banyak. Polutan ini memiliki dampak buruk pada anak-anak terutama pada tumbuh kembang anak, berkaitan dengan dampaknya terhadap hormon-hormon yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan misalnya <em>Growth Hormone, </em>hormon tiroid, dan <em>Insuline-like Growth Factor (IGF-1). </em>Selain timbal, pertumbuhan juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor keturunan, nutrisi dan aktivitas fisik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencemaran logam berat timbal (Pb) dan Ekskresi Iodium Urine (EIU) terhadap kejadian <em>stunting</em>pada anak usia 25-60 bulan di Kelurahan Kedung Cowek Surabaya.</p><p><strong>Metode : </strong>Penelitian analitik observasional ini menggunakan desain penelitian <em>cross sectional</em>, menggunakan metode kuantitatif yang dilakukan pada 27 ibu beserta anak berusia 25-60 bulan di Posyandu RW 2 dan RW 3 Kelurahan Kedung Cowek, Kota Surabaya. Sampel dipilih menggunakan metode <em>purposive sampling</em>. Data diperoleh dari pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, umur, KMS (Kartu Menuju Sehat), buku KIA (Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak), dan kuisioner dengan metode wawancara.Analisa bivariat yang digunakan adalah Kruskal-Wallis. </p><p><strong>Hasil : </strong>Berdasarkan hasil uji laboratorium diketahui bahwa tidak ada pencemaran timbal 0,00035 mg/L (tercemar &gt;0,008). Berdasarkan uji Kruskal Wallisbahwa kadar Ekskrei Iodium Urine (EIU) tidak berpengaruh terhadap kejadian <em>stunting</em>berdasarkan standard antropometri anak Indonesia (p = 0,409).</p><p><strong>Kesimpulan : </strong>Tidak ada pengaruh pencemaran logam berat timbal (Pb) dan Ekskresi Iodium Urine (EIU) pada kejadian <em>stunting</em>pada anak suai 25-60 bulan di Kelurahan Kedung Cowek Surabaya.<strong></strong></p><p> </p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><pre><strong>Background</strong> : The existence of children, living in the coastal area with such risk of suffering from lead (Pb) intoxication, is still considered high. This pollutant plays a role in children’s growth and development. Lead (Pb), existing in our body, would directly reduce the amount of iodine that is absorbed by our body and in the end, would reduce the number of hormones affecting both physical growth and mental development for instance Growth Hormone, Thyroid Hormone, and Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1). Other than Lead (Pb), growth is affected by another factor such as heredity, nutrition, and physical activity. This study serves the purpose of determining the effect of lead (Pb) pollution and Urinary Iodine Concentration (UIC) on the occurrence of stunting in children at the age of 25-60 months old at the urban village of Kedung Cowek Surabaya.</pre><pre><strong>Methods</strong> : This observational analytic study was conducted by using a cross-sectional study design, by using a quantitative method which was used on 27 mothers whose children are 25-60 months old at Posyandu RW 2 and RW 3 urban village of Kedung Cowek Surabaya. The sample was chosen using a purposive sampling method. Data was collected through weight and height measurement, age, KMS (Card Towards Health), KIA (Kartu Ibu dan Anak), and questionnaires done by interviewing. Bivariate analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis. </pre><pre><strong>Results</strong> : Based on the laboratory test, it is shown that there’s no lead (Pb) pollution detected in seawater with the final result of 0,00035 mg/L (polluted &gt; 0,008 mg/L). Based on Kruskal-Wallis, Urinary Iodine Concentration (UIC) doesn’t influence the occurrence of stunting based on deviation standard and nutritional status from the Ministry of Health (p = 0,409).</pre><pre><strong>Conclusion </strong>: There is no effect of lead (Pb) pollution and Urinary Iodine Concentration (UIC) on the occurrence of stunting in children at the age of 25-60 months old at the urban village of Kedung Cowek Surabaya.</pre>