bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kompetenzen und Wege der Kompetenzentwicklung in der Industrie 4.0
Authors: Blumberg Verena Simone Lore , Kauffeld Simone 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDie fortschreitende Digitalisierung verändert die Arbeitswelt auch in der industriellen Fertigung nachhaltig. Digitale Werkerassistenzsysteme wie Datenbrillen und Smartwatches unterstützen Mitarbeitende mit kontextsensitiven Informationen. Die Einführung dieser Technologien und die Veränderung von Arbeitsabläufen stellen neue Kompetenzanforderungen an Beschäftigte, ermöglichen aber auch veränderte Wege des Lernens. Ziel dieses Beitrags der Zeitschrift Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO) ist es, zukünftig benötigte Kompetenzen für Beschäftigte in der Produktion sowie mögliche Wege der Kompetenzentwicklung zu identifizieren. Dazu wurden 76 halbstrukturierte Interviews mit Teilnehmenden aus den Expertenclustern Wissenschaft, Politik und betriebliche Praxis durchgeführt und inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Als Ergebnisse der Studie ist ein Kompetenzmodell für Beschäftigte in der Produktion entstanden, das auf der etablierten Unterscheidung in die Kompetenzfacetten Fach‑, Methoden‑, Sozial- und Selbstkompetenz aufbaut. Zusätzlich wurde die digitale Kompetenz als Querschnittskompetenz ergänzt. Besonders relevant wird über alle Expertengruppen hinweg die IT-Anwendungskompetenz eingeschätzt. Bei den identifizierten Wegen der Kompetenzentwicklung werden zunehmend selbstinitiierte Lernformate bedeutsam, die die Möglichkeiten der Digitalisierung nutzen. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse können als Ausgangspunkt für die Entwicklung betrieblicher Kompetenzmodelle und -entwicklungsprogramme genutzt werden.
Impact assessment of citizen science: state of the art and guiding principles for a consolidated approach
Authors: Wehn Uta , Gharesifard Mohammad , Ceccaroni Luigi , Joyce Hannah , Ajates Raquel , Woods Sasha , Bilbao Ane , Parkinson Stephen , Gold Margaret , Wheatland Jonathan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOver the past decade, citizen science has experienced growth and popularity as a scientific practice and as a new form of stakeholder engagement and public participation in science or in the generation of new knowledge. One of the key requirements for realising the potential of citizen science is evidence and demonstration of its impact and value. Yet the actual changes resulting from citizen science interventions are often assumed, ignored or speculated about. Based on a systematic review of 77 publications, combined with empirical insights from 10 past and ongoing projects in the field of citizen science, this paper presents guidelines for a consolidated Citizen Science Impact Assessment framework to help overcome the dispersion of approaches in assessing citizen science impacts; this comprehensive framework enhances the ease and consistency with which impacts can be captured, as well as the comparability of evolving results across projects. Our review is framed according to five distinct, yet interlinked, impact domains (society, economy, environment, science and technology, and governance). Existing citizen science impact assessment approaches provide assessment guidelines unevenly across the five impact domains, and with only a small number providing concrete indicator-level conceptualisations. The analysis of the results generates a number of salient insights which we combine in a set of guiding principles for a consolidated impact assessment framework for citizen science initiatives. These guiding principles pertain to the purpose of citizen science impact assessments, the conceptualisation of data collection methods and information sources, the distinction between relative versus absolute impact, the comparison of impact assessment results across citizen science projects, and the incremental refinement of the organising framework over time.
Polish mathematics education periodicals in times of educational reform after the collapse of the Warsaw Pact
Authors: Swoboda Ewa , Karpiński Marcin , Zambrowska Małgorzata 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper we present a study of the most important Polish periodicals of the last 30 years that are related to mathematics education. Our research aim was to analyse how the changes in mathematics education that were caused by a new political situation in Poland were reflected in education journals. Journals that shaped Polish mathematics education varied significantly. We analysed both those journals that have a long history and those that arose spontaneously, thus reflecting the mood of this time of great change. Our analysis leads to the conclusion that journals, where the authors are mostly mathematics scientists or university lecturers, turned out to be in different to shifts in the educational system. A characteristic tendency reflecting the mood of times of change was the creation of new magazines, which were to be forums for sharing views on teaching mathematics. It turns out, however, that the journals created after 1990 had quite a short lifespan. Education journals that were directed to teachers for decades constituted a platform for discussion of new ideas and teaching styles, too. They offered a place to exchange opposing views. However, this situation slowly ceased to apply.
A multi-technique tomography-based approach for non-invasive characterization of additive manufacturing components in view of vacuum/UHV applications: preliminary results
Authors: Grazzi Francesco , Cialdai Carlo , Manetti Marco , Massi Mirko , Morigi Maria Pia , Bettuzzi Matteo , Brancaccio Rosa , Albertin Fauzia , Shinohara Takenao , Kai Tetsuya , Fedrigo Anna , Di Giovanni Adriano , Arneodo Francesco , Torres Rodrigo , Al-Ketan Oraib , Elhashemi Jumaanah , Taccetti Francesco , Giuntini Lorenzo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we have studied an additively manufactured metallic component, intended for ultra-high vacuum application, the exit-snout of the MACHINA transportable proton accelerator beam-line. Metal additive manufacturing components can exhibit heterogeneous and anisotropic microstructures. Two non-destructive imaging techniques, X-ray computed tomography and Neutron Tomography, were employed to examine its microstructure. They unveiled the presence of porosity and channels, the size and composition of grains and intergranular precipitates, and the general behavior of the spatial distribution of the solidification lines. While X-ray computed tomography evidenced qualitative details about the surface roughness and internal defects, neutron tomography showed excellent ability in imaging the spatial density distribution within the component. The anisotropy of the density was attributed to the material building orientation during the 3D printing process. Density variations suggest the possibility of defect pathways, which could affect high vacuum performances. In addition, these results highlight the importance of considering building orientation in the design for additive manufacturing for UHV applications.
Graphical Abstract
Stability of the Non-abelian X-ray Transform in Dimension $$\ge 3$$
Authors: Bohr Jan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNon-abelian X-ray tomography seeks to recover a matrix potential $$\Phi :M\rightarrow {\mathbb {C}}^{m\times m}$$

Φ
:
M
→

C

m
×
m

in a domain M from measurements of its so-called scattering data $$C_\Phi $$

C
Φ

at $$\partial M$$

∂
M

. For $$\dim M\ge 3$$

dim
M
≥
3

(and under appropriate convexity and regularity conditions), injectivity of the forward map $$\Phi \mapsto C_\Phi $$

Φ
↦

C
Φ

was established in (Paternain et al. in Am J Math 141(6):1707–1750, 2019). The present article extends this result by proving a Hölder-type stability estimate. As an application, a statistical consistency result for $$\dim M =2$$

dim
M
=
2

(Monard et al. in Commun Pure Appl Math, 2019) is generalised to higher dimensions. The injectivity proof in (Paternain et al. in Am J Math 141(6):1707–1750, 2019) relies on a novel method by Uhlmann and Vasy (Invent Math 205(1):83–120, 2016), which first establishes injectivity in a shallow layer below $$\partial M$$

∂
M

and then globalises this by a layer stripping argument. The main technical contribution of this paper is a more quantitative version of these arguments, in particular, proving uniform bounds on layer depth and stability constants.
Weak Slice Regular Functions on the n-Dimensional Quadratic Cone of Octonions
Authors: Dou Xinyuan , Ren Guangbin , Sabadini Irene , Yang Ting 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the literature on slice analysis in the hypercomplex setting, there are two main approaches to define slice regular functions in one variable: one consists in requiring that the restriction to any complex plane is holomorphic (with the same complex structure of the complex plane), the second one makes use of stem and slice functions. So far, in the setting of several hypercomplex variables, only the second approach has been considered, i.e. the one based on stem functions. In this paper, we use instead the first definition on the so-called n-dimensional quadratic cone of octonions. These two approaches yield the same class of slice regular functions on axially symmetric slice-domains, however, they are different on other types of domains. We call this new class of functions weak slice regular. We show that there exist weak slice regular functions which are not slice regular in the second approach. Moreover, we study various properties of these functions, including a Taylor expansion.
Long-term survival of 11 years with multidisciplinary therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis to the ovary and peritoneum: a case report
Authors: Motegi Satoko , Yokoo Takeshi , Nozawa Ryosuke , Azumi Rie , Kawata Yuzo , Ogawa Kohei , Setsu Toru , Mizuno Ken-ichi , Nishino Koji , Umezu Hajime , Kawai Hirokazu , Suda Takeshi , Terai Shuji 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe herein report a rare case of HCC metastases to the ovary and peritoneum in a 61-year-old female patient who has achieved 11-year survival with multidisciplinary therapy. The patient was diagnosed with HCC during balloon angioplasty performed for Budd–Chiari syndrome in 1994 and underwent partial hepatectomy twice. Five years after the second hepatectomy, allochronic recurrence of a single nodule detected in S8 was treated by radiofrequency ablation, followed by percutaneous ethanol injection therapy and stereotactic body radiotherapy. However, her α-fetoprotein level rose to 1862 ng/mL within one year and computed tomography revealed a large pelvic tumor suggesting HCC metastasis to the ovary. The subsequent laparotomy revealed one 11-cm left ovarian tumor, one small right ovarian nodule, and numerous peritoneal nodules. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and peritoneal resection of as many nodules as possible were performed. Combination therapy with intravenous 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin and ramucirumab monotherapy effectively suppressed tumor progression with maintenance of hepatic functional reserve, and she has achieved long-term survival of 11 years, illustrating that multidisciplinary therapy with favorable hepatic functional reserve maintenance can contribute to long-term survival in HCC with extrahepatic spread.
Misconceptions, conceptual pluralism, and conceptual toolkits: bringing the philosophy of science to the teaching of evolution
Authors: Reydon Thomas A. C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper explores how work in the philosophy of science can be used when teaching scientific content to science students and when training future science teachers. I examine the debate on the concept of fitness in biology and in the philosophy of biology to show how conceptual pluralism constitutes a problem for the conceptual change model, and how philosophical work on conceptual clarification can be used to address that problem. The case of fitness exemplifies how the philosophy of science offers tools to resolve teaching difficulties and make the teaching of scientific concepts more adequate to the actual state of affairs in science.
Tangutidines A–C, Three Amphoteric Diterpene Alkaloids from Aconitum tanguticum
Authors: Li Hao-Yi , Yan Bing-Chao , Wei Li-Xin , Sun Han-Dong , Puno Pema-Tenzin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThree new diterpene alkaloids, tangutidines A–C (1–3), and four known alkaloids (4–7) were isolated from the whole plant of Aconitum tanguticum, from which amphoteric diterpene alkaloids (1–3) were obtained for the first time. The structures of 1–3 were elucidated by detailed interpretation of spectroscopic data, including MS and NMR data. All of them were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities.
Graphic Abstract
An Advanced Operation Mode with Product-Service System Using Lifecycle Big Data and Deep Learning
Authors: Ren Shan , Zhang Yingfeng , Sakao Tomohiko , Liu Yang , Cai Ruilong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs a successful business strategy for enhancing environmental sustainability and decreasing the natural resource consumption of societies, the product-service system (PSS) has raised significant interests in the academic and industrial community. However, with the digitisation of the industry and the advancement of multisensory technologies, the PSS providers face many challenges. One major challenge is how the PSS providers can fully capture and efficiently analyse the operation and maintenance big data of different products and different customers in different conditions to obtain insights to improve their production processes, products and services. To address this challenge, a new operation mode and procedural approach are proposed for operation and maintenance of bigger cluster products, when these products are provided as a part of PSS and under exclusive control by the providers. The proposed mode and approach are driven by lifecycle big data of large cluster products and employs deep learning to train the neural networks to identify the fault features, thereby monitoring the products’ health status. This new mode is applied to a real case of a leading CNC machine provider to illustrate its feasibility. Higher accuracy and shortened time for fault prediction are realised, resulting in the provider’s saving of the maintenance and operation cost.
Achieving Approximate Global Optimization of Truth Inference for Crowdsourcing Microtasks
Authors: Cui Lizhen , Chen Jing , He Wei , Li Hui , Guo Wei , Su Zhiyuan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMicrotask crowdsourcing is a form of crowdsourcing in which work is decomposed into a set of small, self-contained tasks, which each can typically be completed in a matter of minutes. Due to the various capabilities and knowledge background of the voluntary participants on the Internet, the answers collected from the crowd are ambiguous and the final answer aggregation is challenging. In this process, the choice of quality control strategies is important for ensuring the quality of the crowdsourcing results. Previous work on answer estimation mainly used expectation–maximization (EM) approach. Unfortunately, EM provides local optimal solutions and the estimated results will be affected by the initial value. In this paper, we extend the local optimal result of EM and propose an approximate global optimal algorithm for answer aggregation of crowdsourcing microtasks with binary answers. Our algorithm is expected to improve the accuracy of real answer estimation through further likelihood maximization. First, three worker quality evaluation models are presented based on static and dynamic methods, respectively, and the local optimal results are obtained based on the maximum likelihood estimation method. Then, a dominance ordering model (DOM) is proposed according to the known worker responses and worker categories for the specified crowdsourcing task to reduce the space of potential task-response sequence while retaining the dominant sequence. Subsequently, a Cut-point neighbor detection algorithm is designed to iteratively search for the approximate global optimal estimation in a reduced space, which works on the proposed dominance ordering model (DOM). We conduct extensive experiments on both simulated and real-world datasets, and the experimental results illustrate that the proposed approach can obtain better estimation results and has higher performance than regular EM-based algorithms.
Advances on marine-derived natural radioprotection compounds: historic development and future perspective
Authors: Abraham Reinu E. , Alghazwi Mousa , Liang Qi , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNatural extracts and compounds from marine resources have gained intensive scientific and industry attention for radioprotective activities in the past ten years. However, the marine-derived radioprotectants have been studied against UV-rays, gamma (γ)-rays and X-rays for more than 30 years. This review aims to identify key marine-derived extracts/compounds and their modes of action studied for radioprotective activities from 1986 to 2019. A comprehensive survey was conducted to establish the trend in terms of the publications each year and the countries of origin. A total of 40 extracts and 34 natural compounds showing radioprotective activities against UV-rays, gamma (γ)-rays and X-rays were identified from a range of marine plants and animals. These extracts and compounds are broadly categorized into polysaccharides, phlorotannins, carotenoids and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). Macroalgae and microalgae were found to be the dominant sources of polysaccharides, phlorotannins and carotenoids. MAAs were mainly identified in algae, sponges, sea cucumber and corals that showed significant UV-absorbing activities. A number of radioprotective mechanisms were shown by these compounds, predominantly free radicals scavenging, inhibition of apoptosis, UV-ray absorption and DNA damage-repair signaling pathways. While these bio-discoveries warrant further investigation and development of radioprotective therapeutics, however, the lack of clinical studies is a major obstacle to be tackled in the future.
Enabling Reuse in Extended Producer Responsibility Schemes for White Goods: Legal and Organisational Conditions for Connecting Resource Flows and Actors
Authors: Dalhammar Carl , Wihlborg Emelie , Milios Leonidas , Richter Jessika Luth , Svensson-Höglund Sahra , Russell Jennifer , Thidell Åke 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExtended producer responsibility (EPR) schemes have proliferated across Europe and other parts of the world in recent years and have contributed to increasing material and energy recovery from waste streams. Currently, EPR schemes do not provide sufficient incentives for moving towards the higher levels of the waste hierarchy, e.g. by reducing the amounts of waste through incentivising the design of products with longer lifespans and by enhancing reuse activities through easier collection and repair of end-of-life products. Nevertheless, several municipalities and regional actors around Europe are increasingly promoting reuse activities through a variety of initiatives. Furthermore, even in the absence of legal drivers, many producer responsibility organisations (PROs), who execute their members’ responsibilities in EPR schemes, are considering promoting reuse and have initiated a number of pilot projects. A product group that has been identified as having high commercial potential for reuse is white goods, but the development of large-scale reuse of white goods seems unlikely unless a series of legal and organisational barriers are effectively addressed. Through an empirical investigation with relevant stakeholders, based on interviews, and the analysis of two case studies of PROs that developed criteria for allowing reusers to access their end-of-life white goods, this contribution presents insights on drivers and barriers for the repair and reuse of white goods in EPR schemes and discusses potential interventions that could facilitate the upscale of reuse activities. Concluding, although the reuse potential for white goods is high, the analysis highlights the currently insufficient policy landscape for incentivising reuse and the need for additional interventions to make reuse feasible as a mainstream enterprise.
An historical analysis of united states experiences using stamp-based revenues for wildlife conservation and habitat protection
Authors: Cohen Joel I. , Altman Steven 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the United States, the transition from unchecked hunting, habitat loss, and species endangerment to an ongoing environmental awakening has been examined through various lenses. Despite this gradual perspective shift, recent reports continue to warn of global declines in species and habitat diversity. As the need for biodiversity conservation grows, nations lag behind in their conservation obligations, creating a funding gap. This paper addresses an untapped potential for funding available from stamp revenue as generated in the United States. We begin with an historical summary of wildlife philatelics and end with specialized stamps providing for biodiversity revenue generation. After the publication ofSilent Spring, stamp diversification increased due to the recognition of additional environmental and conservation needs, leading to stamp-based revenue as one means to mitigate funding gaps. Having introduced this term, we provide evidence of its potential to fund biodiversity and animal conservation. Historically, stamp-based revenues began with Migratory Bird Hunting license stamps, followed by the semi-postal Amur tiger cub stamp, and eventually local and state stamps whose purchase provides funding for local conservation needs. Specific successful philatelic funding mechanisms are discussed from the United State, with an eye to future development and expansion intentionally in support of conservation and biodiversity.
Psychological Responses Among Korean Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Survivors and Bereaved Families
Authors: Lee Dayoung , Lee Junghyun H , Jeon Kyoungsun , Lee Nabin , Sim Minyoung 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective:In 2015, the outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in South Korea affected 186 patients and led to 38 bereaved families. This study aimed at investigating the nature and related factors of the psychological responses of MERS victims during the acute phase of disaster.Methods:The MERS Psychological Support Team under the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare provided counseling services to MERS survivors and bereaved families for 4 weeks, based on crisis intervention. In this study, we reviewed the counseling records of 109 survivors and 80 bereaved family members, and analyzed their epidemiological and MERS-related information along with psychological responses.Results:Somatic symptoms and anxiety related to social stigmatization or disease transmission were common in MERS survivors, whereas grief reactions such as sadness, and anger were frequently observed in bereaved families. Bereaved MERS survivors showed more avoidance/isolation than non-bereaved MERS survivors. Females, those with an underlying physical or psychiatric health condition, and those having experienced longer duration of hospitalization and non-healthcare workers were more at risk of suffering from psychological problems.Conclusions:Survivors and bereaved families of epidemics can experience various psychological distresses depending on individual characteristics and the inherent features of the epidemic. Therefore, mental health in epidemics should be approached and considered more seriously.