bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid filter detection network model for secondary user transmission in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Vijaya Saradhi D. , Katragadda Swetha , Valiveti Hima Bindu 
Published: November 2021

PurposeA huge variety of devices accumulates as well distributes a large quantity of data either with the help of wired networks or wireless networks to implement a wide variety of application scenarios. The spectrum resources on the other hand become extremely unavailable with the development of communication devices and thereby making it difficult to transmit data on time.Design/methodology/approachThe spectrum resources on the other hand become extremely unavailable with the development of communication devices and thereby making it difficult to transmit data on time. Therefore, the technology of cognitive radio (CR) is considered as one of the efficient solutions for addressing the drawbacks of spectrum distribution whereas the secondary user (SU) performance is significantly influenced by the spatiotemporal instability of spectrum.FindingsAs a result, the technique of the hybrid filter detection network model (HFDNM) is suggested in this research work under various SU relationships in the networks of CR. Furthermore, a technique of hybrid filter detection was recommended in this work to enhance the performance of idle spectrum applications. When compared to other existing techniques, the suggested research work achieves enhanced efficiency with respect to both throughputs as well as delay.Originality/valueThe proposed HFDNM improved the transmission delay at 3 SUs with 0.004 s/message and 0.008 s/message when compared with existing NCNC and NNC methods in case of number of SUs and also improved 0.02 s/message and 0.08 s/message when compared with the existing methods of NCNC and NNC in case of channel loss probability at 0.3.
The moderating role of subsidiary size on the association between institutional distance and subsidiary’s access to complementary local assets: evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Vo Dut Van , Akbar Yusaf H. , Truong Loc Dong 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the moderating effects of subsidiary size on the association between institutional distance and subsidiary’s access to complementary local assets (ACLA) in a transition economy.Design/methodology/approachThe data of 1,027 subsidiaries located in Vietnam were extracted from the survey of General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Hausman’s test shows that random effect model is appropriate to estimate the moderating effects of subsidiary size on the association between the institutional distance and subsidiary’s ACLA.FindingsThe findings revealed that the greater formal and informal institutional distances between home and host countries, the lower a subsidiary’s ACLA in a transition economy. In addition, larger subsidiaries’ ACLA in a more formal and informal institutional distant country are higher than smaller subsidiaries.Research limitations/implicationsMultinational enterprise (MNEs) have a continuous need to use their foreign subsidiaries operating in host countries, particularly those with transition economies, to overcome institutional differences to ACLA in a transition economy. In addition, subsidiaries should be invested with greater resources to collaborate with local partners to serve for accessing to complementary local assets in transition economy characterized by an uncertainty institutional environment.Originality/valueBy integrating the institutional theory and the resource-based view, the study developed a theoretical model about the moderating role of subsidiary size on the association between institutional distance and subsidiary’s ACLA in transition economy. The findings confirmed that simultaneously applying the institutional theory and the resource-based view to investigate location-specific advantages exploitation of subsidiaries is relevant not only in developed economies but also in a transition economies.
Catastrophic fraud loss lies where it falls? Push payment scams and the bank’s duty of care to its customer
Authors: Dahlgreen Judith 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the legal redress available to a UK bank customer who has been the victim of a sophisticated push payment scam which made use of the bank’s customer facing payment portal.

Design/methodology/approach
A detailed study was done of the experience of a single UK bank customer who was the victim of a push payment scam in Autumn 2020. Her circumstances are typical of other customers who have been similarly scammed. Her rights of redress are explored in depth in relation to law and an industry code.

Findings
The industry code provides no reliable means of adjudication and redress. The common law of negligence has not adapted to the technological shift in bank payment methods currently used by customers. The duty of care is inadequate in safeguarding customer interests in relation to payment instructions to banks. Customers are bearing the loss associated with inadequate bank transaction analytics.

Originality/value
This research casts a unique light on the unbalanced relationship now existing between the bank and its customer in relation to the execution of remote payment instructions.
Predictors of employees’ self-reported future learning ability and disengagement at work
Authors: Jeske Debora , Lippke Sonia 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between job characteristics that foster learning (experience with and demand for continuous learning at work, skills variety and autonomy) as potential predictors of self-reported outcomes, such as future learning ability and employee disengagement at work for a cohort of employees with no or very limited job change experience. Further consideration was given to employees’ experiences at work (meaningfulness and recognition at work) as potential mediators in this relationship between job characteristics and employee outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional design was applied. Participants (N = 284) were recruited from Northern Germany and asked to complete a paper-and-pencil survey. The results were subsequently analyzed using path models to examine direct and indirect effects associated with mediation.FindingsPath model analysis indicated that job characteristics promoting learning at work are positive predictors of self-reported future learning ability and negative predictors of disengagement. Both meaningfulness and recognition predict future learning ability as well. However, these variables only operated as significant mediators in the relationship between job characteristics and employee disengagement (but not self-reported future learning ability).Originality/valueThe study outlines the importance of job characteristics and employee experience to understand employees’ beliefs about their learning ability and engagement at work. The findings highlight the importance of meaningfulness and recognition for employees, as well as the role of learning-supportive job characteristics.
Estimation of fine root production, mortality, and decomposition by using two core methods and litterbag experiments in a mangrove forest
Authors: Kihara Yumi , Dannoura Masako , Ohashi Mizue 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMangrove forests are characterized by high rates of carbon sequestration, with much of this carbon being derived from fine roots. In this study, we sought to estimate the dynamics of the fine (<2 mm) and small (≥2 mm) roots of Kandelia obovata, one of the mangrove forest species found on Okinawa Island, southern Japan, and to evaluate annual root production considering root decomposition estimated using root litterbags. To estimate root production and mortality, we applied two approaches, sequential soil core sampling and ingrowth core methods. We found that annual root production determined by sequential soil core sampling was 3.2 times higher than that estimated by ingrowth core methods. The annual production of fine roots (545 and 294 g m−2 year−1 for sequential soil core sampling and ingrowth core methods, respectively) was higher than that of small roots (536 and 44 g m−2 year−1 for sequential soil core sampling and ingrowth core methods, respectively). The results obtained using sequential soil core sampling indicated a high proportion of fine root necromass to total fine root mass (81%), most of which comprised very fine roots (<0.5 mm). We also established that the decomposition ratio of fine roots was lower than that of small roots. Collectively, our observations indicate that the slow rate of decomposition and high rate of production of fine roots contribute significantly to the accumulation of fine root necromass, particularly that of very fine roots, in the mangrove forest.
Technology Legitimation: A Product‐Level Examination Across the Technology Lifecycle
Authors: Bunduchi Raluca , Candi Marina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLegitimacy is an important explanatory factor for the success or failure of new products, but how individual actors engage in legitimation is not well understood. We focus on two categories of actors: the firms that develop and commercialize new technology‐based products and the customers who evaluate these products and examine their legitimation behaviour across the technology lifecycle. Drawing from organization research, innovation studies and product innovation literatures, we posit that firms’ legitimacy‐seeking behaviour varies across the technology lifecycle depending on the need for legitimacy in each stage, while customers’ emphasis varies depending on the relative importance they ascribe to each type of legitimacy. We test these hypotheses by examining online data about products that span four stages of the technology lifecycle. We advance a micro‐level understanding of technology legitimation by demonstrating that firms’ efforts to seek legitimacy and customers’ emphasis on legitimacy for new technology‐based products are distinct phenomena underpinned by different mechanisms. We expand the scope of existing technology legitimation research by examining how firms’ efforts and customers’ emphases vary across the technology lifecycle.
Virtual unwrapping of the BISPEGATA amulet, a multiple folded medieval lead amulet, by using neutron tomography
Authors: Wilster‐Hansen Birgit , Mannes David C. , Holmqvist Karen L. , Ødeby Kristine , Kutzke Hartmut 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn recent decades, computed tomography (CT) combined with suitable image processing software has become a valuable tool to enable the reading of texts written on scrolls, which are fragile, damaged, or fused together, without physically unwrapping them. X‐ray based computer tomography has successfully been used on scrolls made of soft materials such as papyrus and parchment. Although in few cases inscriptions on thin metal plates that have been rolled up and worn as amulets have been deciphered by using a high energy X‐ray source, the readability of writings on of metal scrolls is limited by the high attenuation factor of this type of material.In this paper, we present for the first time the use of neutron tomography as an alternative to X‐ray tomography for studying hidden inscriptions on folded metal objects. It is shown that the method overcomes the limitations of X‐ray tomography caused by high attenuation of X‐rays in lead objects.The inscription on the medieval Bispegata amulet, unearthed during excavations in Oslo's Old Town, has been read by using neutron tomography combined with VG Studio software. The amulet was made up of a thin lead sheet with an inscribed text, folded together into a rectangle. The inscription was runic, containing words of religious and magic meaning.
Even small forest patches increase bee visits to flowers in an oil palm plantation landscape
Authors: Power Candice C. , Nielsen Anders , Sheil Douglas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPollination sustains biodiversity and food security, but pollinators are threatened by habitat degradation, fragmentation, and loss. We assessed how remaining forest influenced bee visits to flowers in an oil palm‐dominated landscape in Borneo. We observed bee visits to six plant species: four crops (Capsicum frutescensL. “chili”;Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai “watermelon”;Solanum lycopersicumL. “tomato”; andSolanum melongenaL. “eggplant”); one native plantMelastoma malabathricumL. “melastome”; and the exoticTurnera subulataSmith “turnera”. We made one local grid‐based and one landscape‐scale transect‐based study spanning 208 and 2130 m from forest, respectively. We recorded 1249 bee visits to 4831 flowers in 1046 ten‐min observation periods. Visit frequency varied among plant species, ranging from 0 observed visits toS. lycopersicumto a mean of 0.62 visits per flower per 10 min toC. lanatus. Bee visitation frequency declined with distance from forest in both studies, with expected visitation frequency decreasing by 55% and 66% at the maximum distance from forest in each study. We also tested whether the distance to the nearest oil palm patch, with a maximum distance of 144 m, influenced visitation, but found no such associations. Expected visitation frequency was 70%–77% lower for plants close to a 200 ha forest fragment compared with those near large continuous forests (>400 ha). Our results suggest that, although found throughout the oil palm‐dominated landscape, bees depend on remaining forests. Larger forests support more bees, though even a 50 ha fragment has a positive contribution.Abstract in Indonesian is available with online material.
What Can Bilingual Children Tell Us About the Developmental Relationship Between Vocabulary and Grammar?
Authors: Valentini Alessandra , Serratrice Ludovica 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStrong correlations between vocabulary and grammar are well attested in language development in monolingual and bilingual children. What is less clear is whether there is any directionality in the relationship between the two constructs, whether it is predictive over time, and the extent to which it is affected by language input. In the present study, we analyzed data from 100 bilingual children with English as an additional language who were tested on measures of vocabulary breadth and depth, morphology, and syntax at three time points at 6‐month intervals from the age of 5;8. We used bivariate growth models to test the directionality of the relationship between vocabulary breadth and depth, and measures of morphology and syntax; testing bilingual children allowed us to use measures of English input as covariates in the analyses. All the models showed a correlation between vocabulary and grammar, but no correlation between their growth slopes, suggesting that vocabulary and grammar grow independently. Three of the four bivariate models showed a significant correlation between the intercept of grammar skills and the slope of vocabulary growth. Length of exposure to English predicted the intercept of vocabulary breadth and grammar, suggesting that children exposed to English earlier had larger vocabularies and better morpho‐syntactic skills. Current English input predicted the intercept of both measures of vocabulary as well as the slope for vocabulary depth, the only measure for which there was a significant relationship between intercept and slope, suggesting a Matthew effect for this dimension of vocabulary. All materials, data, and code are available at https://osf.io/x3wht/.Research highlights

Vocabulary breadth and morphological and syntactic skills increased linearly for all participants, without any difference between lower and higher achieving children.
Vocabulary depth grew more over time for those children with deeper vocabulary knowledge and higher levels of current English input at the start of the study.
All of the bivariate growth models showed a correlation between vocabulary and grammar, but failed to show any correlation between their growth.
Significant relationships between the intercept of grammar and the growth of vocabulary showed steeper lexical growth in children with better grammar skills.
Length of exposure to English had an effect on morphological and syntactic skills, while only current English input had an effect on vocabulary depth.
Blind to Bias? Young Children Do Not Anticipate that Sunk Costs Lead to Irrational Choices
Authors: Sehl Claudia G. , Friedman Ori , Denison Stephanie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractYoung children anticipate that others act rationally in light of their beliefs and desires, and environmental constraints. However, little is known about whether children anticipate others’ irrational choices. We investigated young children's ability to predict that sunk costs can lead to irrational choices. Across four experiments, 5‐ to 6‐year‐olds (total N = 185) and adults (total N = 117) judged which of two identical objects an agent would keep, one obtained at a high cost or one obtained at a low cost. In Experiment 1, adults predicted that the agent would choose the high‐cost object over the low‐cost one, whereas children responded at chance. Experiment 2 replicated these findings in children, but also included another condition which showed they were sensitive to future costs. They predicted that an agent would be more likely to seek out a low‐cost item than a high‐cost item. Experiments 3 and 4 then found that children do not anticipate the sunk cost bias in first person scenarios, or in interpersonal sunk cost scenarios, where costs are sunk by others. Taken together, our findings suggest that young children may struggle to understand and predict irrational behavior. The findings also reveal an asymmetry between how they consider sunk costs and future costs in understanding actions. We propose that this asymmetry might arise because children do not consider sunk costs as wasted.
Germination of seeds from herbarium specimens as a last conservation resort for resurrecting extinct or critically endangered Hawaiian plants
Authors: Wolkis Dustin , Jones Kelli , Flynn Tim , DeMotta Mike , Rønsted Nina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHistorical herbarium collections have been proposed as a last resort for recovery of extinct plant species not represented in dedicated seed banks or other living conservation collections. For critically endangered plants at the brink of extinction, herbarium collections may also contain historical material from extinct subpopulations representing a species' former range and lost genetic diversity of high value for conservation management. We explored the potential for germination of 81 critically endangered seed plant taxa endemic to the Hawaiian island of Kaua'i from herbarium specimens in herbarium PTBG of the National Tropical Botanical Garden (NTBG). Of 1250‐recorded specimens of wild origin, 138 specimens representing 37 taxa contained mature seeds that could be subjected to germination testing. Seven of these taxa were not represented by any NTBG seed bank collections. Fresh embryos were observed in one seed of each of the three species Schiedea helleri, Schiedea kauaiensis, and Viola helena. While potential germination success may be low, we conclude that testing of seeds from herbarium collections should be extended from a focus on strictly extinct taxa to critically endangered taxa, which may not have sufficient representation in seed banks or other living collections of subpopulations and genetic diversity across their wild range.
Atorvastatin population pharmacokinetics in a real‐life setting: Influence of genetic polymorphisms and association with clinical response
Authors: Stillemans Gabriel , Paquot Adrien , Muccioli Giulio G. , Hoste Emilia , Panin Nadtha , Åsberg Anders , Balligand Jean‐Luc , Haufroid Vincent , Elens Laure 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the potential clinical relevance of estimating the apparent clearance (CL/F) of atorvastatin through population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) modeling with samples collected in a real‐life setting in a cohort of ambulatory patients at risk of cardiovascular disease by using an opportunistic sampling strategy easily accessible in clinical routine. A total of 132 pharmacokinetic (PK) samples at a maximum of three visits were collected in the 70 included patients. The effects of demographic, genetic, and clinical covariates were also considered. With the collected data, we developed a two‐compartment PopPK model that allowed estimating atorvastatin CL/F relatively precisely and considering the genotype of the patient for SLCO1B1 c.521T>C single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Our results indicate that the estimation of the CL/F of atorvastatin through our PopPK model might help in identifying patients at risk of myalgia. Indeed, we showed that a patient presenting a CL/F lower than 414.67 L h−1 is at risk of suffering from muscle discomfort. We also observed that the CL/F was correlated with the efficacy outcomes, suggesting that a higher CL/F is associated with a better drug efficacy (i.e., a greater decrease in total and LDL‐cholesterol levels). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that PopPK modeling can be useful in daily clinics to estimate a patient’ atorvastatin clearance. Notifying the clinician with this information can help in identifying patients at risk of myalgia and gives indication about the potential responsiveness to atorvastatin therapy.
PRAME expression in cellular neurothekeoma: A study of 11 cases
Authors: Cesinaro Anna Maria , Piana Simonetta , Paganelli Alessia , Pedroni Gioia , Santandrea Giacomo , Maiorana Antonino 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPreferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) has been widely investigated in the skin, mainly in melanocytic tumors, and constitutes an aid in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Very few studies have been performed on non‐melanocytic tumors.MaterialsWe investigated the immunohistochemical expression of PRAME on a series of 11 neurothekeomas (NTKs), together with 3 cases of nerve sheath myxoma (NSM) and 1 case of plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor (PFT), in order to evaluate the presence and usefulness of this marker in their differential diagnosis.ResultsPRAME was variably expressed in all cases of NTK, with moderate intensity in three cases and faint in the remaining cases; on the contrary, cases of NSM and PFT were negative.ConclusionsThis study expands the entities of cutaneous non‐melanocytic tumors expressing PRAME, and confirms that this marker is not restricted to malignant tumors. Expression of PRAME in NTK does not seem to be related to distinctive histopathologic features.