bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal changes in aortic distensibility in patients with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Van Andel M M , De Waard V , Timmermans J , Scholte A J H A , Van Den Berg M P , Zwinderman A H , Mulder B J M , Groenink M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) may develop aortic dissection due to progressive dilatation in the entire aorta. Increased aortic stiffness, i.e.a. decreased distensibility has been shown to often precede these dismal sequelae. Therefore, we investigated longitudinal changes in aortic distensibility throughout the entire aorta by means of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) imaging in patients with MFS.

Methods
This retrospective study included all MFS patients with four CMR examinations performed between 1996 and 2012. Aortic distensibility was measured and calculated by a single analyst, in the ascending, proximal- and distal descending, and abdominal aorta. Changes in distensibility were studied using linear mixed-effects regression models. Furthermore, we investigated the association between distensibility and age, sex, blood pressure, medication use, FBN1 mutation type, and previous aortic root surgery.

Results
In total, 35 MFS patients (age at inclusion 28 [IQR 23–32] years, 54% male) were included. Mean aortic distensibility was low in the ascending and proximal descending aorta (resp. 3.25±1.87, 3.91±1.73x10–3 mmHg–1) at the first scan. Distensibility decreased significantly over time at level 2, 3, and 4 (resp. p=0.021, p=0.002, p=0.038) (Figure 1). The rate of distensibility loss per year (x10–3 mmHg–1/year) was respectively 0.04 and 0.06 in the proximal- and distal descending aorta.
Men seemed to have a lower but more stable distensibility, whereas women showed a higher distensibility at younger age, but a faster deterioration rate over time (difference in distensibility loss per year between men and women: 0.08, p=0.038). Distensibility did not correlate significantly with medication use, FBN1 mutation type or previous aortic root surgery.

Conclusion
Patients with MFS have low distensibility at all levels of the aorta at young age, which keeps decreasing over time. Men had lower distensibility at younger age than women. Distensibility was stably low in men, while still deteriorating over time in women.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): AMC FoundationHorstingstuit Foundation
Neointimal hyperplasia regression using combined paclitaxel- mediated confocal dual pulse shock wave sonoporation therapy and catheter- based 90Y- mediated brachytherapy
Authors: Mehrad H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background and aims
Intimal hyperplasia refers to proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells primarily in the tunica intima, resulting in arterial wall thickening and decreased arterial lumen size. Neointimal hyperplasia is the major cause of restenosis after percutaneous carotid interventions such as stenting or angioplasty. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined shock wave enhanced sonoporation therapy and catheter-based 90Y-mediated β-brachytherapy on neointimal hyperplasia regression in an animal model, wherein diagnostic B-mode ultrasound is combined with therapy system, with a goal of increased safety.

Methods
Endothelial balloon catheter denudation of the abdominal aorta of golden Syrian hamsters was performed. Histopathologic evaluation confirmed neointimal hyperplasia formation in all of the hamsters' arteries. The treatment group underwent intravenous lipid-based encapsulated paclitaxel nanoparticles (10mg/kg)-mediated extracorporeal confocal dual pulse low-level focused electrohydraulic shock wave (V=15 kV, F=2 Hz, Impulses = 50 and V=10 kV, F=0.2 Hz, Impulses = 150) enhanced sonoporation therapy accompanied by catheter-based 90Y-mediated β-brachytherapy (90Y, 15 Gy), guided by simultaneous B-mode ultrasound imaging.

Results
B-mode ultrasound guided combined shock wave enhanced sonoporation therapy and β-brachytherapy was feasible and appeared safe for the targeting of stenosis in the aorta artery. Furthermore, pathological results showed a significant reduction in the mean value for smooth muscle hyperplasia cells density, lumen wall thickness and percentage of luminal cross- sectional area of stenosis in the treatment group compared with the other groups (p&lt;0.05).

Conclusions
Enhanced toxicity effect of paclitaxel, induced by enhanced sonoporation effect of shock wave therapy, due to inertial cavitation effect of collapsed capsules and dual pulse system application accompanied by apoptotic effect of brachytherapy, can cause to neointimal hyperplasia regression. Combined shock wave enhanced sonoporation therapy and β-brachytherapy is significantly associated with reduced aorta artery stenosis in hamsters. The mechanism may relate to reduced smooth muscle hyperplasia cells and inflammation in the tunica intima.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Mehrad Research Lab
Association of rs11196288 polymorphism with the development of acute cerebrovascular event
Authors: Chernova A , Nikulina S , Nikulin D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose
To study SNP rs11196288 (A&gt; G) with development of Acute Cerebrovascular Event in the patients with cardiovascular pathology and risk factors of its development who are representatives of the east Siberian population.

Material and methods
260 patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Event participated in a research (age [57.0; 51.0–62.0]) and 272 patients of control group (age [55.0; 51.0–62.0].). Among the patients who transferred Acute Cerebrovascular Event, 157 men and 103 women. The control group included 170 men and 102 women. Inspection of the main group included: collecting complaints, anamnesis, clinical examination, computer tomography of a brain, electrocardiography, echo, ultrasonic of arteries, daily monitoring of arterial blood pressure and cardiac rhythm, analysis of a coagulant system of blood. Patients of the main group had the following cardiovascular pathology and risk factors: arterial hypertension, supraventricular tachycardia, dislipidemiya, atherosclerosis brachiocephalic of arteries, disturbances of a system of a hemostasis. The control group is examined within the international HAPIEE project. The molecular and genetic research was conducted by PCR method in real time. Statistical processing of material was carried out with use of set of the Statistica for Windows 7.0, Excel and SPSS 22 application programs.

Results
As a result of the conducted research in one of the analyzed groups and subgroups statistically significant associations of genotypes and alleles of polymorphism of rs11196288 were not revealed (A&gt; G) with Acute Cerebrovascular Event.

Conclusion
SNP rs11196288 (A&gt; G) has no significant effect on development of Acute Cerebrovascular Event in persons of the east Siberian population regardless of the previous cardiovascular pathology and risk factors.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Haplotype analysis of polymorphic genes of lipid metabolism and its association with an increased risk of the first non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke
Authors: Shishkova V N , Adasheva T V , Stakhovskaya L V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim
We studied the effect of haplotype variations in lipid metabolism genes on the risk of first non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke in 206 patients and 206 controls.

Material and methods
The alleles frequencies and genotypes assessed for 5 mono-nucleotide polymorphic gene variants (APOB (rs1042031), APOEB (rs676210), APOC-IV (rs1132899), APOE (rs 7412), APOE (rs 429358), LP(a) (rs41267817)) in 206 patients, who had first non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke, and 206 persons with no stroke, comparable with age, gender, place of living and ethnicity. Genotyping of polymorphisms was done with the prepared TaqMan probes. Haplotype analysis was performed using the online tool SNPStat.

Results
Haplotype analysis revealed that CTGATT, CTGACT and CCAGTT, haplotypes of lipid metabolism genes polymorphisms are associated with risk of first non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke after multivariate adjustment.

Conclusions
These results show that haplotype of lipid metabolism genes polymorphisms are signifcantly associated with increased the development of the first non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke In the studied groups.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Hypercholesterolemia as a factor in the risk stratification of patients with hypertension depending on the ITGA2 gene polymorphism
Authors: Netiazhenko V , Liakhotska A V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Mutation C807 in the ITGA2 gene is associated with the risk of early myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, embolism, thrombosis after angioplasty and stenting of coronary arteries.

Aim
To study the relationship between ITGA2 gene polymorphism and increased risk of CAD in patients with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia

Materials and methods
72 patients were included. Study involved patients with ACS, which developed on the background of hypertension, 32 patients also had coronary angiography and stenting. We used analysis of spontaneous and induced platelet aggregation, polymorphism of C807T of the ITGA2 gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction.

Results
At 82.5% of patients with ACS genotype ITGA 2 C/T was prevalent – 40.3%, T/T – 31.9%. Aggregation capability research in the studied groups has shown that patients of all groups had their degree of spontaneous aggregation significantly exceeding limits of control. Wherein, the highest indices were recorded in the T/T genotype group, which exceeded reference values by 3,02 times. AA-induced aggregation in the group of patients with T/T genotype exceeded indexes of the C/C group by 17.3%, while C/T group's rates-by 16.5% (p&lt;0.05 in both cases). Studying the degree of collagen-induced aggregation, it was noted that the highest rates were recorded in T/T genotype group – 1.68 times higher than control group.

Conclusion
It is found that T allele of ITGA2 carrier is typical for 72.1% of patients with acute coronary syndrome and combined with spontaneous acceleration of platelet aggregation and increases sensitivity of platelets to ADP and collagen. Results allow us to consider the carrier of the T-allele as a marker of predisposition to thrombophilia.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Efficacy of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor in Asian patients with refractory hypertension
Authors: Song W E I ,   Dalian medical university
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, concomitantly inhibits neprilysin and angiotensin type 1 receptor shown an effect of reducing blood pressure. We aimed to study whether it can be used as an antihypertensive agent in patients with resistant hypertension who has already been treated.

Methods
This is a multiple center prospective study. Thirty-five Chinese patients with refractory hypertension were enrolled. Resistant hypertension was defined as on the basis of improved lifestyle when the application of the three reasonable and tolerable dose of antihypertensive drugs including thiazide diuretics at least four weeks after treatment, the inadequate control of BP is confirmed by ambulatory BP monitoring, or at least four drugs are needed to achieve the BP standard. Refractory hypertensive patient received sacubitil/valsartan 200 mg instead of their angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker while other agents were continued. If blood pressure was uncontrolled, the sacubitil/valsartan dose was increased to 400 mg after 4 weeks. ABPM were evaluated at 8 weeks follow up.

Results
Reductions in office SBP/DBP at week 8 were 37/17 mmHg. the average baseline ABPM were 154/90 mmHg of 24-h, and daytime BP and nighttime BP were 157/92 mmHg and 145/83 mmHg respectively. he average endpoint ABPM were 134/80 mmHg of 24-h, and daytime BP and nighttime BP were 136/82 mmHg and 125/73 mmHg respectively. Reductions in 24-h ABPM at week 8 were 20/9 mmHg while 20/10 mmHg in daytime and 20/9 mmHg in nighttime.

Conclusion
The sacubitil/valsartan provided a strategy therapy for refractory hypertension in Chinese patients in reducing SBP and DBP.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Assessing the effect of ultra-small phospholipid nanoparticles on biochemical parameters of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in patients with combined hyperlipidemia
Authors: Zubareva M , Kudinov V , Artyushev R , Rozhkova T , Malyshev P , Gornyakova N , Baskaev K , Sharf T , Sergienko I 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background and aims
Based on the developed technology of preparation of ultra-small size phospholipid (PL) nanoparticles without the use of detergents/surfactants and stabilizers drug preparation, exhibiting hypolipidemic properties has been obtained. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that phospholipid nanoparticles of 20–30 nm (PLN) have activated reverse cholesterol transport and reduced non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of PLN relative to placebo on the selected parameters of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in patients with combined hyperlipidemia.

Methods
This Phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted at 4 centers. The patients (pts) received PLN or placebo (1:1), powder for oral solution preparation (500 mg PL/dose) orally 2 times per day for 12 weeks. Biochemical parameters of carbohydrate and fat metabolism were measured. The data is presented in M (s). Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Wilcoxon sign rank test. P-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
A total of 100 pts with combined hyperlipidemia were randomized (age 35–70 years, males 58%). The mean age of patients was 56.4 (10.2) years, body-mass index (BMI) – 30.4 kg/m (2). Mean glucose, triglyceride (TG), fasting insulin (INS) and adiponectin (ADN) serum levels at baseline were 5.58 (0.9) mmol/l, 2.38 (0.6) mmol/l, 13.71 (6.03) mU/ml and 7.07 (2.25) μg/ml, respectively. At Week 12, PLN significantly reduced TG and insulin (p=0.03 and p=0.02, respectively). At the same time, the mean adiponectin level was increased (ns). The drug was well tolerated, and no clinically significant laboratory abnormalities were detected.

Conclusions
PLN therapy is well tolerated with a favorable effect on the chosen parameters of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in patients with moderate combined hyperlipidemia.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Ministry of industry and trade, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Results of a hybrid cardiovascular rehabilitation program (in-hospital plus home) in patients with low income
Authors: Garcia Saldivia M , Ilarraza Lomeli H , Rojano Castillo J , Rius Suarez M , Franco M , Villegas D , Negrete D , Guerrero T , Sandoval C , Sanchez Cornejo A , Ruan J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
One of the main problems facing cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) is patient care and adherence. However, due to the low level of economic income of the patients who are cared for in our center, the possibility of going to CR in a conventional way is very difficult since they do not have the necessary resources to cover transportation, cost of the sessions, among others.
It has been shown that the greater the number of sessions attended by the patient, the greater the reduction in cardiovascular risk, however the role of a hybrid program with a decreased number of face-to-face sessions has not been established.

Purpose
Present the results of a hybrid training program (in-hospital plus home) in a low-income population. Education through supervised sessions plus home physical training in a patient with bases for exercise can improve their adherence with better results.

Methods
A cohort of patients with heart disease who were referred to the Cardiovascular Rehabilitation program between May 2017 and February 2019 was included. The socioeconomic level was classified into 6 strata according to occupation, income, housing, economic dependents, place of origin and family health status. After risk stratification, the patients participated in a hybrid program that consisted of 6 in-hospital sessions, once a week, in which the training to be carried out at home was prescribed by means of a triptych. An exercise test was performed before and after completing the program, as well as psychological and nutritional intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 software. All p values less than 0.05 were considered significant.

Results
In the study period, of the total number of patients discharged for heart disease from the hospital, 61% were referred to cardiovascular rehabilitation, of which only 45% (n=39) completed the program, the reasons for dropping out were multiple and the lowest socioeconomic level (1) was the most frequent (figure 1). The main referral diagnosis was ischemic heart disease in 82%. The majority of patients were men, 95%. A significant improvement was observed in load METs, maximum heart rate, heart rate recovery (figure 2).

Conclusion
The implementation of a hybrid cardiovascular rehabilitation program (in-hospital + home) was associated with an improvement in the exercise test parameters of patients who successfully completed the program.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1Figure 2
Impact of albumin on the incidence of adverse events following percutaneous coronary interventions in older adults
Authors: Marti Sanchez D , Duarte Torres J , Marschall A , Biscotti Rodil B , Delgado Calva F , Dejuan Bitria C , Del Castillo Carnevali H , Morales Gallardo M J , Lopez Soberon E , Alvarez Anton S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Recent studies have focused on comorbidities or frailty as predictors of adverse events in older adults undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), however the prognostic impact of nutritional parameters has been less extensively studied.

Purpose
Our objective was to analyze the impact of serum albumin on the incidence of adverse events after PCI in older patients.

Methods
We conducted a prospective observational study of all-corner consecutive patients aged ≥75 years submitted for PCI at our institution from 2014 to 2017, and with available pre-procedural serum albumin levels. We analyzed the distribution of albumin levels in such population, and the impact of hypoalbuminemia (albumin &lt;3.5 g / dL) on 12-months cumulative incidence of MACE (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke), BARC types 3 or 5 major bleeding, and all-cause death.

Results
Study population comprised 169 patients (mean age 82±5 years, 38% women). Mean albumin level was 3.8±0.5 g/dL, and 23% showed levels &lt;3.5 g/dL. Hypoalbuminemia was associated with only mild impairments in baseline cardiac or renal function. During the 12-month follow-up, albumin levels were not associated with a higher incidence of MACE (log-rank p=0.22) but they were associated with a higher incidence of bleeding (22.4% vs. 8.0%, p=0.014), and with all-cause mortality (20.5% vs. 6.2%, p=0.006). Albumin revealed an independent and greater impact than bleeding scores, anemia or discharge anticoagulation on the prediction of bleeding (adjusted HR 2,88, p=0.028).

Conclusions
Albumin levels confer relevant prognostic information that should be assessed in older adults receiving PCI. The effect on bleeding is independent of other well-established variables. Systematic quantification of this widely available parameter may be helpful for clinical decision-making.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1. Hypoalbuminemia and all-cause death
Less statin associated adverse events after initiation of pitavastatin compared with atorvastatin and rosuvastatin
Authors: Lin J L , Chen P S , Li Y H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Statin associated adverse events (SAAEs), including hepatitis, myopathy and new onset diabetes mellitus (NODM), are major reasons that prevent the use of statins. We compared the risk of SAAEs among the commonly used statins to see if SAAEs were similar among the statins.

Methods
We retrieved data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. From January 2013 to December 2017, all statin-treated patients without diabetes at baseline were enrolled. We classified eligible patients into pitavastatin (2–4mg/day), moderate-intensity statin (MIS [atorvastatin 10–20 mg/day or rosuvastatin 5–10 mg/day]), and high-intensity statin group (HIS [atorvastatin ≥40 mg/day and rosuvastatin ≥20mg/day]). The study endpoint is a composite of safety events, including hepatitis, myopathy, and NODM. All patients were followed-up for at least one year until December 2018. We used propensity score to balance the baseline differences between the 3 statin groups (N=50935 in each group).

Results
After a mean follow up time of 3.08 years, the safety events occurred in 5014 patients in pitavastatin group (9.84%), 5542 in MIS group (10.88%), and 5343 in HIS group (10.49%). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that MIS and HIS statins were associated with a higher risk of safety events compared with pitavastatin (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.122, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.17 for MIS and aHR 1.056, 95% CI 1.02–1.10 for HIS). Most events were NODM, with 4818 events in pitavastatin (9.46%), 5284 in MIS (10.37%), and 5113 in HIS group (10.04%). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed higher risk of NODM in MIS (adjusted HR 1.111, 95% CI 1.07–1.16) and HIS (aHR 1.050, 95% CI 1.01–1.10) compared with pitavastatin. Time-varying HR analysis showed increased risk of NODM with use of all these statins for more than 1 year compared with non-statin users.

Conclusions
Pitavastatin was associated with a lower risk of SAAEs, especially NODM, compared with atorvastatin and rosuvastatin.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Orient EuroPharma Co., Ltd.