bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience of Reconstruction of Isosyllabic Poetry of the New Testament. Part 1
Authors: Калинин Максим Глебович , Грилихес Леонид 
Published: February 2021

Предлагаемая публикация продолжает ряд работ прот. Леонида Грилихеса по семитской реконструкции новозаветных текстов. Вместе с тем, она познакомит читателя с принципиально новым подходом к реконструкции, который в ранних работах автора был лишь намечен. Прот. Леонид исходит из того, что притчи Иисуса Христа, а также значительно число Его других речей, представляли собой изосиллабические поэтические тексты. Другими словами, они включали в себя равное количество слогов в каждой строке. Устойчивые модели, стоящие за реконструируемыми текстами, позволяют прот. Леониду описать несколько языковых закономерностей, характерных для оригинального языка притч. Настоящая публикация позволит компетентному читателю ознакомиться с реконструкциями двух текстов: речи Иисуса о Законе Моисеевом из Нагорной проповеди и притчи о Страшном Суде.
The present publication continues a series of works by archpriest Leonid Grilikhes on the «Semitic reconstruction» of the New Testament texts. At the same time, it represents a fundamentally new approach to the reconstruction, which was only outlined in archpriest Leonid’s early works. The author presumes that the parables of Jesus Christ, as well as a significant number of His other speeches, were isosyllabic poetic texts. In other words, they included an equal number of syllables in each line. The patterns represented by the reconstructed texts allow the author to describe several «rules» characteristic for the original language of the parables. The present publication familiarizes the competent reader with the reconstructions of two texts, namely, the speech of Jesus on the Law of Moses from the Sermon on the Mount, and the parable of the Last Judgment.
Anti-Palamism in Hans-Georg Beck’s Earlier Works: The Russian Origins and Some Catholic Parallels. Part II
Authors: Макаров Дмитрий Игоревич 
Published: February 2021

Ханс Георг Бек (1910-1999), крупнейший немецкий византинист ХХ в., прошёл путь от бенедиктинского монаха до мюнхенского профессора, создателя всеобъемлющей концепции истории Византии и византийской культуры. Вопросы истории Церкви и богословия занимали его с первых шагов научной деятельности. Будучи учеником крупнейшего историка схоластики Мартина Грабмана, Бек усвоил томистский взгляд на богословие и потому отрицал реальное различение в Боге сущности и энергий, раскрытое св. Григорием Паламой. Но если в своей первой статье «Борьба за томистское понимание богословия в Византии» (1935) Бек критикует паламизм «извне», с позиций неосхоластики, то в своей светской диссертации о Феодоре Метохите (1952) - уже «изнутри», пытаясь доказать несовместимость паламизма с халкидонитским православием. Помимо общих соображений о малой креативности византийского народного духа, Х. Г. Бек опирается в этом вопросе на идею В. С. Соловьёва (1853-1900) о том, что византийское монашество с ранних веков было заражено монофизитством. Именно поэтому, по мысли Бека, оно и допустило столь «странное» и «антропоморфистское» учение, как паламитский исихазм (эти два явления Бек чётко не разграничивал).
Hans-Georg Beck (1910-1999), the most outstanding 20th-century German Byzantinist, has gone a long way from a Benedictine monk to professor in Munich, a creator of a comprehensive conception of Byzantine general and cultural history. The problems of ecclesiastical history and theology were in the center of his scientific activity from its first steps on. As a student of Martin Grabmann, a prominent historian of Western scholasticism, Beck appropriated the Thomist view of theology. That is why he denied the real distinction between essence and energies in God, which had been disclosed and analyzed by Gregory Palamas. If in his first 1935 article, The Struggle for the Thomist Concept of Theology in Byzantium, Beck criticized Palamism «from outside», i. e., from the neoscholastic viewpoint, it was later then, in his secular thesis of 1952, that the German scholar tried to censure the Palamite doctrine «from inside» by making the case of its incompatibility with the Chalcedonian Orthodoxy. Besides some general considerations about a putative barrenness of the Byzantine folk spirit (Volksgeist), in the question of Chalcedonian Orthodoxy and its survival in the Late Byzantium Beck leaned on Vladimir Solov’ev’s (1853-1900) idea of Byzantine monasticism as being infected from the early stage on with the Monophysitism. Making no clear-cut distinction between Hesychasm in general and Palamism as its most elaborated form, Beck saw in this Monophysite infection the very reason of the Palamite hesychasm being tolerated, accepted and officially stated by the Byzantine Orthodoxy, although it had been a very ‘strange’ and ‘anthropomorphite’ teaching.
Review of: History And Practices Of Meetings In The Early Church Provides Insight. Saint-Petersburg: Saint-Petersburg Christian University Publishing house, 2018. 401 p.; table. (Monographs Saint-Petersburg Christian University). ISBN 978-966-8957-55-0
Authors: Волчков Алексей 
Published: February 2021

Книга Валерия Александровича Аликина «История и практика собраний в Ранней Церкви» посвящена комплексному исследованию практики раннехристианских собраний в контексте общинных трапез античных добровольных сообществ (collegia), распространённых в греко-римском обществе первых веков нашей эры. Данное направление в исследовании раннехристианских экклесий не является чем-то новым в науке. Многие учёные XIX в. обращали внимание на сильное сходство между экклесиями и античными добровольными сообществами в устроении и внутренней жизни1. Возрождение этой парадигмы в раннехристианских штудиях произошло в последнем десятилетии XX в.
Valeri Aleksandrovich Alikin's book, History and Practice of Assemblies in the Early Church, is devoted to a comprehensive study of early Christian assembly practices in the context of the communal meals of the ancient voluntary communities (collegia) common in Greco-Roman society in the first centuries AD. This direction in the study of early Christian ecclesiae is not new in scholarship. Many scholars of the nineteenth century drew attention to the strong similarities between ekklesias and ancient voluntary communities in their organisation and inner life1. The revival of this paradigm in early Christian studies took place in the last decade of the twentieth century.
On separation axioms in (L, M)-fuzzy convex structures
Authors: Zhao Hu , Sayed O.R. , El-Sanousy E. , Ragheb Sayed Y.H. , Chen Gui-Xiu 
Published: February 2021

Different from the separation axioms in the framework of (L, M)-fuzzy convex spaces defined by Liang et al.(2019). In this paper, we give some new investigations on separation axioms in (L, M)-fuzzy convex structures by L-fuzzy hull operators and r-L-fuzzy biconvex. We introduce the concepts of r-LFSi spaces where i = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}, and obtain various properties. In particular, we discuss the invariance of these separation properties under subspace and product.
Seguimiento fotogramétrico de exhalaciones del volcán Popocatépetl, en México, durante el año 2016
Authors: Ramos Aguilar Rogelio , Máximo Romero Patricia , Sánchez Hernández Andrés , Vázquez García María De la Cruz , Martínez Ortiz Ana Gudalupe , Reyes Parada Mariana , Falcón Calderón Leslie Pamela , Benitez Ramírez Dora Marcela 
Published: February 2021

En el siguiente trabajo se muestra un estudio sobre la reciente actividad del volcán Popocatépetl, analizando imágenes de las columnas eruptivas del mismo y apoyados en herramientas de fotogrametría terrestre y satelital para su clasificación; se calculó la emanación de gases, cenizas, altura y dirección. Después de 67 años, el día 21 de diciembre de 1994 el volcán tuvo actividad eruptiva. Las columnas alcanzaron 3 km de altitud aproximadamente, aumentó la emisión de ceniza y los sismómetros indicaban tremores del movimiento del magma en la estructura. Este acontecimiento marcó la reactivación del volcán; en este estudio se muestra un análisis fotogramétrico de la superficie y perímetro del cráter para determinar las deformaciones que ha sufrido hasta 2016 generadas por la actividad volcánica; para este estudio se recurrió a imágenes satelitales y aplicación de software especializado para su procesamiento.
Estudio de la explotación artesanal en el lecho del río Cesar en el sector norte de Guacoche-Guacochito
Authors: Ortega Calixto , Manco Dino , Rojas Elías 
Published: February 2021

En el rio Cesar, departamento del Cesar, en el sector norte de Guacoche-Guacochito desde hace aproximadamente 10 años se está explotando artesanalmente de manera incontrolada, sin planificación y si estandarización materiales de construcción (material de arrastre) destinado a obras urbanísticas en la ciudad de Valledupar-Cesar permitiendo de esa manera el deterioro ambiental y geotécnico de las riveras de los ríos mencionados. Este estudio tiene como objetivo caracterizar los aspectos más relevantes de la explotación artesanal en el lecho del río Cesar en el sector norte de Guacoche-Guacochito en el departamento del Cesar. Se recopiló la información existente sobre la zona de interés mediante estudios geológicos, hidrológicos, monografías, Informe geológico preliminar de la cuenca del río Cesar, Atlas ambiental del Departamento del Cesar entre otros. Se emplea el método de minería a cielo abierto de avance sobre las playas y depósitos de material dentro del río, Conclusiones: la cual el material se extrae en áreas que ya han sido recargadas por los aportes en la creciente del río en épocas de sequía, el mecanismo es que al llegar la época de verano se forman las terrazas, la cual se le da entrada a volquetas con capacidades de 6m3 y palas manuales.
Hongos ectomicorrízicos asociados a plantas jóvenes de Pinus patula y Quercus crassifolia en plantaciones del sistema matarrasa de la Sierra Juárez de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Ramírez Miguel Aldo Alfonso , Hernández Díaz Arturo Félix , Valenzuela Encinas César , Garibay-Orijel Roberto , Truong Camille 
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes: Pinus patula es la especie forestal maderable más importante en la región subtropical de México. En el estado de Oaxaca, se encuentra en bosques sometidos a manejo y en plantaciones del sistema de aprovechamiento matarrasa. La interacción entre raíces y hongos ectomicorrízicos (EcM) afecta la nutrición y la sobrevivencia de Pinus y Quercus, con consecuencias para la dinámica de los bosques.
Objetivo: Caracterizar a los hongos EcM más frecuentes en las raíces de plántulas de P. patula y Q. crassifolia (que crece por regeneración natural) en franjas del sistema silvícola matarrasa de la Sierra Juárez de Oaxaca.
Métodos: Los morfotipos de cada punta de raíz EcM se describieron morfológicamente y se identificaron usando la región ITS del DNA ribosomal nuclear por similitud genética en la base de datos de UNITE.
Resultados y conclusiones: Se encontraron un total de 14 “Species Hypothesis”, de las cuales los linajes /tomentella-thelephora y /laccaria tuvieron el mayor número de especies. Lactarius sp., Cenococcum geophilum y Tomentella radiosa fueron las especies con mayor frecuencia, en asociación con ambos hospederos. Ese trabajo destaca la diversidad de los hongos EcM en plantaciones del sistema matarrasa. Tal conocimiento podría utilizarse para posteriores investigaciones de aprovechamiento forestal sustentable.
Phenotypic Heterogeneity of Post-lingual and/or Milder Hearing Loss for the Patients With the GJB2 c.235delC Homozygous Mutation
Authors: Wang Hongyang , Gao Yun , Guan Jing , Lan Lan , Yang Ju , Xiong Wenping , Zhao Cui , Xie Linyi , Yu Lan , Wang Dayong , Wang Qiuju 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo report the phenotypic heterogeneity of GJB2 c.235delC homozygotes associated with post-lingual and/or milder hearing loss, and explore the possible mechanism of these unconditional phenotypes.MethodsMutation screening of GJB2 was performed on all ascertained members from Family 1006983 and three sporadic patients by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and Sanger sequencing. Next generation sequencing (NGS) was successively performed on some of the affected members and normal controls from Family 1006983 to explore additional possible genetic codes. Reverse transcriptase–quantitative PCR was conducted to test the expression of Connexin30.ResultsWe identified a Chinese autosomal recessive hearing loss family with the GJB2 c.235delC homozygous mutation, affected members from which had post-lingual moderate to profound hearing impairment, and three sporadic patients with post-lingual moderate hearing impairment, instead of congenital profound hearing loss. NGS showed no other particular variants. Overexpression of Connexin30 in some of these cases was verified.ConclusionPost-lingual and/or moderate hearing impairment phenotypes of GJB2 c.235delC homozygotes are not the most common phenotype, revealing the heterogeneity of GJB2 pathogenic mutations. To determine the possible mechanism that rescues part of the hearing or postpones onset age of these cases, more cases are required to confirm both Connexin30 overexpression and the existence of modifier genes.
The Role of Tim-3 on dNK Cells Dysfunction During Abnormal Pregnancy With Toxoplasma gondii Infection
Authors: Li Teng , Cui Lijun , Xu Xiaoyan , Zhang Haixia , Jiang Yuzhu , Ren Liqin , Yang Chunyan , Liu Xianbing , Hu Xuemei 
Published: February 2021

Vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection during gestation can result in severe complications such as abortion, congenital malformation, fetal teratogenesis, etc. Immune inhibitory molecule Tim-3 was discovered to be expressed on some decidual immune cells and participates in the maintenance of maternal-fetal tolerance. Dysregulation of Tim-3 expression on decidual NK (dNK) cells was observed in several cases of pregnancy complications, whereas the role of Tim-3 on dNK cells during T. gondii infection remains unclear. In the present study, T. gondii infected Tim-3-/- pregnant mice, and anti-Tim-3 neutralizing antibody treated and infected human dNK cells were successfully established to explore the role of Tim-3 in dysfunction of dNK cells during abnormal pregnancy. Our results illustrated that Tim-3-/- pregnant mice displayed more worse pregnancy outcomes with T. gondii infection compared to infected WT pregnant mice. Also, it demonstrated that Tim-3 expression on dNK cells was significantly down-regulated following T. gondii infection. Data suggested a remarkable activation of dNK cells in Tim-3-/- mice and anti-Tim-3 neutralizing antibody treated and infected groups, with higher ratios of activating receptor NKG2D to inhibitory receptor NKG2A or KIR2DL4, IFN-γ/IL-10, and increased granule production compared with that of the infected group. Mechanism analysis proved that T. gondii-induced Tim-3 down-regulation significantly activated the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT and JAK-STAT signaling pathway, by which the GranzymeB, Perforin, IFN-γ, and IL-10 production were further up-regulated. Our research demonstrated that the decrease of Tim-3 on dNK cells caused by T. gondii infection further led to dNK cells function disorder, which finally contributed to the development of abnormal pregnancy outcomes.
Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Decipher New Potential Regulation Mechanism of ACE2 and NPs Signaling Among Heart Failure Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ma Mengqiu , Xu Yanhua , Su Yang , Ong Sang-Bing , Hu Xingdong , Chai Min , Zhao Maojun , Li Hong , Fan Xiaojuan , Chen Yingjie , Xu Dachun , Xu Xiaojiang 
Published: February 2021

Aims: COVID-19 patients with comorbidities such as hypertension or heart failure (HF) are associated with poor clinical outcomes. The cellular distribution of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the critical enzyme for SARS-CoV-2 infection, in the human heart is unknown. We explore the underlying mechanism that leads to increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with cardiovascular diseases and patients of cardiac dysfunction have increased risk of multi-organ injury compared with patients of normal cardiac function.Methods and Results: We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data in both normal and failing hearts. The results demonstrated that ACE2 is present in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and non-CMs, while the number of ACE2-postive (ACE2+) CMs and ACE2 gene expression in these CMs are significantly increased in the failing hearts. Interestingly, both brain natriuretic peptides (BNP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) are significantly up-regulated in the ACE2+ CMs, which is consistent with other studies that ACE2, ANP, and BNP increased in HF patients. We found that genes related to virus entry, virus replication and suppression of interferon-gamma signaling are all up-regulated in failing CMs, and the increase was significantly higher in ACE2+ CMs, suggesting that these CMs may be more vulnerable to virus infection. As the level of expression of both ACE2 and BNP in CMs were up-regulated, we further performed retrospective analysis of the plasma BNP levels and clinical outcomes of 91 COVID-19 patients from a single-center. Patients with higher plasma BNP were associated with significantly higher mortality and expression levels of inflammatory and infective markers.Conclusion: In the failing heart, the upregulation of ACE2 and virus infection associated genes could potentially facilitate SARS-CoV-2 virus entry and replication in these vulnerable cardiomyocyte subsets. COVID-19 patients with higher plasma BNP levels had poorer clinical outcomes. These observations may allude to a potential regulatory association between ACE2 and BNP in mediating myocarditis associated with COVID-19.
PPARgamma in Metabolism, Immunity, and Cancer: Unified and Diverse Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Hernandez-Quiles Miguel , Broekema Marjoleine F. , Kalkhoven Eric 
Published: February 2021

The proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is one of the most extensively studied ligand-inducible transcription factors. Since its identification in the early 1990s, PPARγ is best known for its critical role in adipocyte differentiation, maintenance, and function. Emerging evidence indicates that PPARγ is also important for the maturation and function of various immune system-related cell types, such as monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes. Furthermore, PPARγ controls cell proliferation in various other tissues and organs, including colon, breast, prostate, and bladder, and dysregulation of PPARγ signaling is linked to tumor development in these organs. Recent studies have shed new light on PPARγ (dys)function in these three biological settings, showing unified and diverse mechanisms of action. Classical transactivation—where PPARγ activates genes upon binding to PPAR response elements as a heterodimer with RXRα—is important in all three settings, as underscored by natural loss-of-function mutations in FPLD3 and loss- and gain-of-function mutations in tumors. Transrepression—where PPARγ alters gene expression independent of DNA binding—is particularly relevant in immune cells. Interestingly, gene translocations resulting in fusion of PPARγ with other gene products, which are unique to specific carcinomas, present a third mode of action, as they potentially alter PPARγ’s target gene profile. Improved understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying PPARγ activity in the complex regulatory networks in metabolism, cancer, and inflammation may help to define novel potential therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment of obesity, diabetes, or cancer.
Comparison of the Humphrey Field Analyzer and Photopic Negative Response of Focal Macular Electroretinograms in the Evaluation of the Relationship Between Macula Structure and Function
Authors: Hirooka Kazuyuki , Yokoyama Kenji , Tokumo Kana , Kiuchi Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To investigate the association between macular inner retinal layer thickness and macula visual field (VF) mean deviation as measured by the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) or macular function as measured by focal macular electroretinograms (ERGs) in patients with glaucoma.Methods: The participants in this cross-sectional study were 71 patients with glaucoma and 10 healthy controls. Macular inner retinal layer thickness and function were measured in all participants using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and HFA or focal macular ERGs, respectively. Macular OCT images were segmented into the macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), macular ganglion cell layer/inner plexiform layer (GCL/IPL), and ganglion cell complex (GCC). Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between macular inner retinal layer thickness and function.Results: Focal macular ERGs were composed of a negative wave (N1), a positive wave (P1), and a slow negative wave (N2). The N2 response density was significantly reduced in eyes with glaucoma, and was significantly associated with the thickness of the mRNFL (R = 0.317), GCL/IPL (R = 0.372), or GCC (R = 0.367). The observed structure–function relationship was also significantly correlated with the HFA VF mean deviation for each thickness [mRNFL (R = 0.728), GCL/IPL (R = 0.603), or GCC (R = 0.754)].Conclusions: Although a significant correlation was found between the N2 response density and the thickness of the macular inner layer, the observed structure–function relationship with the mean deviation of the HFA VF was higher than that of the N2 response density.
Evaluation of the Inflammatory Cytokines and IL-10 Network in Individuals Co-infected With Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus and Hepatitis C Virus (HTLV/HCV)
Authors: Pereira Felicidade Mota , Ramos Pablo Ivan Pereira , Lirio Monique , Mercês Atta Ajax , Silva de Oliveira Isabela , Nascimento Fabio Carneiro Vosqui , Silva Marcelo Costa , Galvão-Castro Bernardo , Rios Grassi Maria Fernanda 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundCo-infection between the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) can modify the natural history of HCV infection. The aim of this study was to describe the inflammatory cytokines and IL-10 network in patients co-infected with HTLV and HCV viruses in Bahia, Brazil.MethodsSamples from 31 HTLV/HCV co-infected individuals and 27 HCV monoinfected individuals were evaluated. IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-8, and IL-1 cytokines were quantified by ELISA. Clinical, laboratory data were obtained from patient records. Serum levels of the cytokines were log10-transformed and data mining was performed using Z-score statistics and correlation analysis.ResultsCo-infected individuals presented a tendency toward higher production of INF-γ compared to the HCV monoinfected group. Regarding cytokine pairs, there was a positive correlation (P-value &lt; 0.05) between IL-1 and IL-8 in the HTLV/HCV co-infected group and uninfected controls, and two correlations in the HCV mono-infected group IL-8 – IL10 and IL- INF-γ – IL-10 pairs. There was no significant difference between the groups for the other parameters analyzed.ConclusionThe results presented herein indicated that HTLV/HCV co-infection was associated with a trend in IFN-γ production while HCV-infected individuals presented a positive correlation with both inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and IFN-γ) and the regulatory cytokine IL-10.