bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in nuclear genome size within the Eisenia nordenskioldi complex (Lumbricidae, Annelida)
Authors: Shekhovtsov S. V. , Efremov Ya. R. , Poluboyarova T. V. , Peltek S. E. 
Published: October 2021

The size of the nuclear genome in eukaryotes is mostly determined by mobile elements and noncoding sequences and may vary within wide limits. It can differ significantly both among higher-order taxa and closely related species within a genus; genome size is known to be uncorrelated with organism complexity (the so-called C-paradox). Less is known about intraspecific variation of this parameter. Typically, genome size is stable within a species, and the known exceptions turn out be cryptic taxa. The Eisenia nordenskioldi complex encompasses several closely related earthworm species. They are widely distributed in the Urals, Siberia, and the Russian Far East, as well as adjacent regions. This complex is characterized by significant morphological, chromosomal, ecological, and genetic variation. The aim of our study was to estimate the nuclear genome size in several genetic lineages of the E. nordenskioldi complex using flow cytometry. The genome size in different genetic lineages differed strongly, which supports the hypothesis that they are separate species. We found two groups of lineages, with small (250–500 Mbp) and large (2300–3500 Mbp) genomes. Moreover, different populations within one lineage also demonstrated variation in genome size (15–25 %). We compared the obtained data to phylogenetic trees based on transcriptome data. Genome size in ancestral population was more likely to be big. It increased or decreased independently in different lineages, and these processes could be associated with changes in genome size and/or transition to endogeic lifestyle.
Genotyping of potato samples from the GenAgro ICG SB RAS collection using DNA markers of genes conferring resistance to phytopathogens
Authors: Totsky I. V. , Rozanova I. V. , Safonova A. D. , Batov A. S. , Gureeva Yu. A. , Khlestkina E. K. , Kochetov A. V. 
Published: October 2021

Wart (a disease caused by Synchytrium endobioticum) and golden cyst potato nematode (Globodera rostochiensis), which parasitize the roots of the host plant, cause significant damage to potato crop. Both of these disease factors are quarantined in the Russian Federation, and each registered variety is tested for resistance to their most common races and pathotypes. The main method of opposing such diseases is by the development of resistant varieties. An important step in this process is the selection of resistant genotypes from the population and the estimation of the resistance of hybrids obtained by crosses during the breeding process. Conducting a permanent phenotypic evaluation is associated with difficulties, for example, it is not always possible to work with pathogens, and phenotypic evaluation is very costly and time consuming. However, the use of DNA markers linked to resistance genes can significantly speed up and reduce the cost of the breeding process. The aim of the study was to screen the GenAgro potato collection of ICG SB RAS using known diagnostic PCR markers linked to golden potato cyst nematode and wart resistance. Genotyping was carried out on 73 potato samples using three DNA markers 57R, CP113, Gro1-4 associated with nematode resistance and one marker, NL25, associated with wart resistance. The genotyping data were compared with the data on the resistance of the collection samples. Only the 57R marker had a high level of correlation (Spearman R = 0.722008, p = 0.000000, p < 0.05) between resistance and the presence of a diagnostic fragment. The diagnostic efficiency of the 57R marker was 86.11 %. This marker can be successfully used for screening a collection, searching for resistant genotypes and marker-assisted selection. The other markers showed a low correlation between the presence of the DNA marker and resistance. The diagnostic efficiency of the CP113 marker was only 44.44 %. Spearman’s correlation coefficient (Spearman R = –0.109218, p = 0.361104, p < 0.05) did not show significant correlation between resistance and the DNA marker. The diagnostic efficiency of the NL25 marker was 61.11 %. No significant correlation was found between the NL25 marker and resistance (Spearman R = –0.017946, p = 0.881061, p < 0.05). The use of these markers for the search for resistant samples is not advisable.
Microrna: the role in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation and potential use as a biomarker
Authors: Chaulin A. M. , Duplyakov D. V. 
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study was to analyze medical literature on the role of microRNA in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation and the possibilities of using microRNAs as biomarkers.The analysis of modern medical literature was carried out using the PubMed – NCBI database.Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common and serious cardiovascular disease. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of atrial fibrillation are not entirely clear. In addition, there are no optimal biomarkers for early detection and assessment of the prognosis for patients with atrial fibrillation. Recently, the attention of researchers has been directed to the molecules of microRNA. There is a lot of evidence that they are involved in the pathogenesis of neurological, oncological, and cardiovascular diseases. This review examines the role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation. The possibility of using microRNA as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of atrial fibrillation is also discussed.MicroRNAs play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation, regulating the mechanisms of atrial remodeling, such as electrical remodeling, structural remodeling, remodeling of the autonomic nervous system, and impaired regulation of calcium levels. The stability of microRNAs and the possibility to study them in various biological fluids and tissues, including blood, make these molecules a promising diagnostic biomarker for various cardiovascular diseases. The presented data clearly indicate that AF is associated with changes in the expression level of various microRNAs, which can be quantified using a polymerase chain reaction. Further research is required to assess the role of microRNAs as biomarkers for atrial fibrillation, in particular to establish precise reference limits.
Efciency of Anti-Epidemic Measures that Ensure Access to Work in Rotational Shifts under Conditions of Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Ezhlova E. B. , Demina Yu. V. , Mel’nikova A. A. , Kurganova O. P. , Fomkina N. N. , Yurgina O. M. , Burdinskaya E. N. , Trotsenko O. E. , Totolyan A. A. , Korita T. V. , Bazykina E. A. , Kotova V. O. , Konov D. V. , Karisalov M. Yu. 
Published: October 2021

Objective – integral analysis of eﬀectiveness of anti-epidemic measures applied towards employees of the Amur gas processing plant assigned for rotational work under conditions of COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methods. Sero-epidemiological study included a questionnaire survey of 1461 workers who arrived through the “clean corridor” in the Amur Region, followed by sampling of biological material (blood and respiratory smears). Testing of blood sera for the presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 of two classes (IgM and IgG) was carried out applying enzyme immunoassay. Using PCR, respiratory smears were examined for the presence of the agent RNA in them. Statistical processing of the results obtained was carried out using conventional methodsResults and discussion. The presence of antibodies of the IgG class was revealed in (4.7±0.55) % of cases. In a small cohort (1.7±0.34 %) of practically healthy individuals, asymptomatic infection was detected, confrmed either by a positive PCR result (0.76±0.23 %), or by the detection of IgM antibodies (1.0±0.08 %). On the basis of the study carried out by the Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare on August 01, 2020, “Temporary recommendations on the procedure for admitting to work on a rotational basis under the risk of COVID-19 spread in the Amur Region” were approved. These recommendations set out the algorithm for observation of incoming workers and the order for triage of shift workers after testing by ELISA and PCR. The results of the study demonstrate the eﬀectiveness of anti-epidemic measures related to ensuring the procedure for admission to work on a rotational basis under the risks of the spread of COVID-19.
Experience in International Cooperation on Organization of Anti-Epidemic Measures by Health Care Institutions under COVID-19 Pandemic in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Ruzhentsova T. A. , Khavkina D. A. , Tuychiev L. N. , Akhmedova M. D. , Madazimov M. M. , Kholmatova K. Sh. , Kedrova O. V. , Smelyansky V. P. , Scryabina S. V. , Akhmedov U. B. , Sharova I. N. , Eraliev U. E. , Abdukhalilova G. K. , Chukhlyaev P. V. , Garbuzov A. A. , Akimkin V. G. , Akbarov T. Yu. , Rakhmatullaeva Sh. B. , Zhanibekov Zh. Zh. 
Published: October 2021

The results of the joint work of a panel of experts from Rospotrebnadzor and healthcare professionals of the Republic of Uzbekistan on organizing activities to counter the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus are described in the paper.The goal of the study was to determine the main driving forces of COVID-19 spread in the Republic of Uzbekistan and develop an action plan to reduce the incidence of coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.Materials and methods. The organization of work in 14 health care institutions in Tashkent and Samarkand, as well as in Tashkent and Samarkand Regions, was analyzed: in 7 laboratories, 6 hospitals and 1 polyclinic. The routes for the movement of personnel, the demarcation of green and red zones, the features of disinfection and the use of personal protective equipment were studied. Attention is drawn to the diagnosis of COVID-19, the use of therapy aimed at reducing the period of virus shedding, the criteria for lifting quarantine restrictions for patients.Results and discussion. The main factors in the organization of work of institutions that contribute to the spread of COVID-19 among medical personnel and the population have been identifed: the lack of equipped gateways between the red and green zones with the accessibility of adequate disinfection, the wrong choice of personal protective equipment, monitoring of contact persons for 10 days, discharge from hospitals based on clinical improvement. The incorrect use of antiviral therapy, the lack of diﬀerentiated approaches to the selection of optimal regimens have been noted. Proposals are formulated for organizing the work of healthcare institutions, taking into account the requirements of biological safety. The introduction of targeted measures in addition to those previously adopted has led to a signifcant improvement in the epidemic situation: the total number of active cases in the Republic of Uzbekistan, despite the increase in testing volumes, decreased from 3,686 people on August 23 to 2335 on October 27. Towards December 20, 2020, 97 % of patients recovered completely. All diagnostic triage centers in the Republic of Uzbekistan are closed due to the absence of patients with COVID-19, most of the country’s medical institutions previously re-profled for patients with coronavirus infection have returned to the routine operations.
Detection of Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodidae Ticks Collected in the South of Western Siberia
Authors: Tupota N. L. , Ternovoy V. A. , Kartashov M. Yu. , Ponomareva E. P. , Loktev V. B. 
Published: October 2021

Objective of the studywas to assess the level of infection with Borrelia miyamotoi in ticks Ixodes persulcatus and Ixodes pavlovskyi collected in the south of Western Siberia.Materials and methods.688 ticks I. persulcatus and I. pavlovskyi collected on the territory of Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Kemerovo Regions were examined. Borrelia DNA was detected by a two-round polymerase chain reaction with specifc primers to the omp66 gene region, followed by sequencing of the isolated fragments and phylogenetic analysis, including the sequences of prototype isolates published in the international GenBank database. Comparison and analysis of nucleotide sequences was carried out using the MEGA 7 software package. In parallel, the samples were examined for the presence of the agents of transmissible infections – West Nile fever and tick-borne encephalitis, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, bartonellosis and candidate pathogens of tick-borne rickettsiosis through RT-PCR and PCR with species-specifc and genus-specifc primers.Results and discussion.The genetic material of B. miyamotoi was found in 2.2 % of I. persulcatus and I. pavlovskyi ticks in the Tomsk, Novosibirsk, and Kemerovo Regions and their appurtenance to the Asian genotype was determined. It was revealed that the degree of similarity of the omp66 gene fragments within the group of isolates of the Asian genotype was 100 %. No relation between B. miyamotoi and a specifc vector species was identifed.
Analysis of Q Fever Incidence in the Russian Federation Between 1957 and 2019
Authors: Shpynov S. N. , Rudakov N. V. , Zelikman S. Yu. 
Published: October 2021

Objective of the study was to analyze the long-term incidence of Q fever in the Russian Federation, to recommend approaches to improve epizootiological and epidemiological surveillance of this infection, taking into account the current state of laboratory diagnostics and monitoring of foci.Materials and methods. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of the Q fever incidence using the data contained in Form No 2 of the state statistical report «Information on infectious and parasitic diseases» was conducted in the Russian Federation for the period of 1957– 2019, by the Federal Districts (FD) and administrative territories, and based on the results of the research of the Reference Center for Rickettsioses of the Omsk Research Institute of Natural Focal Infections.Results and discussion. Between 1957 and 2019, 13 836 cases of Q fever were officially registered in the Russian Federation. The maximum value of the morbidity rate per 100 thousand of the population was registered in 1957 (1.0 0/0000), the minimum one – in 2008 (0.01 0/0000). From 1997 to 2019, out of 2672 registered in 24 entities of the Russian Federation cases of Q fever, 2224 (83.20 %) occurred in the Southern FD with 2106 (78.8 %) cases in the Astrakhan Region. In the Stavropol Territory of the North Caucasus FD, 173 (6.47 %) cases of the disease were detected. 112 (4.19 %) cases were registered in the Central FD, with the maximum number in the Voronezh Region (82). In the Volga FD, 81 (3.03 %) cases were identified, 54 of which in the Ulyanovsk Region. 42 (1.61 %) cases of the disease were registered in the North-Western FD, 33 – in the Leningrad Region and St. Petersburg. In the Siberian FD, 39 (1.46 %) cases of Q fever were reported, 24 were diagnosed in the Novosibirsk Region. In the Ural FD, 1 (0.04 %) case of infection was detected. In the Far Eastern FD, there is no registration of Q fever. Presented are medical products for Q fever diagnostics authorized in Russia. Sanitation of the foci among farm animals should be carried out in accordance with the current sanitary-epidemiological and veterinary-sanitary rules.
Antrax in Primorsky Territory (1919–2020). Communication 1. Historical Records and Characteristics of Stationary Potentially Hazardous as Regards Antrax Areas
Authors: Dugarzhapova Z. F. , Ivacheva M. A. , Chesnokova M. V. , Kravets E. V. , Reshetnyak E. A. , Kuzin D. Yu. , Umanets A. A. , Detkovskaya T. N. , Balakhonov S. V. 
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study was to analyze the state of stationary potentially hazardous areas as regards anthrax in the Primorsky Territory and update the Cadastre of stationary potentially hazardous as regards anthrax areas (SPHA) of the Russian Federation (2005).Materials and methods. The collection and survey of accounting and reporting documents, archival and informational materials, records on anthrax from veterinary institutions, Rospotrebnadzor, municipalities by the 72 registered anthrax SPHA of the Primorsky Territory have been carried out. The reference book of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic’s settlements endemic for anthrax (1976), the Cadastre of the stationary potentially hazardous as regards anthrax areas in the Russian Federation (2005) were used.Results and discussion. The description of anthrax cases in the Primorsky Territory goes back to 1894, the official registration of the disease – since 1919. The last cases of the disease in farm animals and population were noted in Kavalerovsky and Oktyabrsky districts in 1979. When updating the SPHA (2005), information on 82 dormant sites of the Territory in 22 municipal and six urban districts was clarified. In six districts of the Territory, anthrax was not officially registered. Most of the SPHAs are centered on the Khanka plain, where the network of transport routes, the largest number of livestock and population are concentrated. The data on the number of sick animals and people over a period of 1919–1929 have not survived, and in the period between 1980 and 2020 anthrax was not reported in the region. 173 animals and 34 humans were diagnosed with anthrax in 1929–1979 in Primorye. High epizootic activity was noted in the period of 1919–1941. In the Asian part of the Russian Federation, Primorsky Territory belongs to the regions under a mild epizootic and epidemiological disadvantage as regards anthrax. Monitoring of anthrax has shown that the persistence of the pathogen in the soils of ten districts of the Territory could be facilitated by the absence of soil toxicity (86,8 %) and an average nutritional value (23,5 %) in relation to the anthrax microbe.
Assessment of the Use of Gentian Violet and Malachite Green as Selective Agents in the Isolation of Brucella
Authors: Kovtun Yu. S. , Kurilova A. A. , Katunina L. S. , Vasilenko E. I. 
Published: October 2021

The aim of the work is to evaluate ability of gentian violet and malachite green to inhibit 2 Brucella test strains and 8 strains of unwanted organisms and the inﬂuence of autoclaving on their activity. The study also aims to evaluate variability of inhibition in diﬀerent batches of colorants and necessity in adjustment of their concentration.Materials and methods. The study included 3 imported lots of gentian violet and malachite green. Inhibitors were put into nutrient medium containing pancreatic hydrolysates of gelatin and fsh meal, yeast extract, sodium chloride, glucose, sodium pyrosulfate, and agar. The same medium without colorants was used as a control medium. Eﬀect of the colorants was studied with the help of test strains of Brucella abortus 19 ВА, B. melitensis Rev I, Enterococcus faecium VKM B-602, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Proteus vulgaris HX 19 222, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 22/99, Serracia plymuthica 1, Shigella ﬂexneri 1a 8516, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Yersinia enterocolitica C-187.Results and discussion. We have determined biological parameters of nutrient media containing gentian violet (5,0; 2,5 1,25 mg/L) and malachite green (2.0; 1.0; 0.5 mg/L) when cultivating brucella. Gentian violet is able to inhibit Brucella greatly at concentration of 5 mg/L. S. aureus ATCC 25923 did not show any growth on the media containing malachite green or gential violet (5.0 and 2.5 mg/L). Malachite green inhibited the growth of enterococcus more actively than gentian violet. However, it inhibited swarming growth of Proteus less successfully than gentian violet. Other unwanted organisms were not sensitive to such concentrations of colorants at all. We have demonstrated the necessity to combine colorants with other selective agents, as well as advisability to put gentian violet into sterile media, while malachite green – into the media before its autoclaving. Adjustments to the concentration of gentian violet should be made when producing nutrient medium, as variations in inhibiting activity in diﬀerent batches of this colorant were revealed.
Obtaining and Characterization of Hybridomas Producing Monoclonal Antibodies to Shiga-Like Toxins of I and II Types
Authors: Kuklina G. V. , Ipatov S. S. , Pechenkin D. V. , Eremkin A. V. , Kytmanov A. A. , Dubrovin M. Yu. , Gorshkov A. S. 
Published: October 2021

Objective – obtaining and characterization of hybrid cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies against I and II types of shiga-like toxins.Materials and methods. Shiga-like toxins obtained in “48thCentral Research Institute” of Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation (Kirov), BALB/c mice, myeloma cells SP2/0-Ag14 were used in research. Immune splenocytes and SP2/0-Ag14 myeloma cells were fused according to G. Kohler and C. Milstein method in De St. Fazekas and D. Scheidegger modifcation using 50 % polyethylene glycol. Hybrid cell lines producing specifc monoclonal antibodies were cloned by limited dilutions. Hybridomas growth and producing properties were studied in vitro and in vivo. Specifc activity of immune sera, culture and ascitic ﬂuids were studied by indirect ELISA. Monoclonal antibodies from ascitic ﬂuids were precipitated by saturated ammonium sulfate, followed by ion exchange chromatographyResults and discussion. 8 hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against I and II types shiga-like toxins were obtained. Hybridomas are characterized by stable proliferation and antibody-producing activity during 10 passages in vitro and 3 passages in vivo (observation period). Obtained monoclonal antibodies can be used for ELISA detection of I and II types shiga-like toxins. Minimum detectable concentration of shiga-like toxins in sandwich ELISA is 1 ng/ml. The possibility of detecting shiga-like toxins without typical diﬀerentiation was shown when using in the enzyme immunoassay a polyreceptor mixture of monoclonal antibodies for sensitizing the plate and a polyspecifc mixture of immunoperoxidase conjugates.