bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the introduction of pre‐operative cardiopulmonary exercise testing in radical cystectomy delay or alter surgical care?
Authors: Lockhart Kathleen R. , Carroll Rosemary , Tiu Albert , Blatt Alison 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo assess if the introduction of routine pre‐operative cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in radical cystectomy has delayed surgical intervention.Materials and MethodsA prospective database of patients undergoing radical cystectomy in our local health network was maintained. A retrospective analysis of two years (2018–2020) included 38 patients. Of these, 15 patients had CPET pre‐operatively, and a direct comparison was performed.ResultsThe mean time from diagnosis to cystectomy was 95 days in patients who did not have CPET compared to 110 days for those who did (p = 0.32), with comparable rates of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) (62.5% and 64.29%). Average length of stay was 18.6 days compared with 13.87 (p = 0.16), favouring the CPET group. The CPET group also had a lower readmission rate within 30 days (13.33% compared with 21.05%, p = 0.35). Cause‐specific mortality within 90 days was 10.2% and within the study timeframe was 36.84% (estimated 5‐year mortality rate 43–65%). Within the CPET group, eight had an anaerobic threshold (AT) of <11 ml/kg/min (range 6.3–10.5): Of these, 50% had Clavien‐Dindo complications of grade 2 or higher and the 90‐day mortality rate was 37.5% (cf. 0% in those with AT > 11 ml/kg/min in this series).ConclusionCPET is a valuable risk evaluation tool. This study suggested that CPET contributed to a minor non‐significant delay to surgery, however was associated with reduced length of stay and readmission rates, and was a valuable risk evaluation tool. We found that CPET AT <11 ml/kg/min is associated with higher rates of patient morbidity and perioperative mortality.
The efficiency of MSC‐based targeted AIE nanoparticles for gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment: An experimental study
Authors: Ouyang Sushan , Zhang Yi , Yao Sheng , Feng Longbao , Li Ping , Zhu Senlin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their tumor tropism, are strongly recruited by various solid tumors and mobilized by inflammatory signals in the tumor microenvironment. However, effective cellular uptake is critical for MSC‐based drug delivery. In this study, we synthesized a spherical copolymer, polyethylenimine–poly(ε‐caprolactone), with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) material and the anticancer drug, paclitaxel, coloaded onto its inner core. This was followed by the addition of a transactivator of transcription (TAT) peptide, a type of cell‐penetrating peptide, to modify the nanoparticles (NPs). Finally, the MSCs were employed to carry the TAT‐modified AIE‐NPs drug to the tumor sites and assist in simultaneous cancer diagnosis and targeted tumor therapy. In vitro, the TAT‐modified AIE‐NPs showed good biocompatibility, targeting, and stability in an aqueous solution besides high drug‐loading and encapsulation efficiency. In vitro, the AIE‐NPs exhibited a controllable release under a mildly acidic environment. The in vivo and in vitro studies showed high antitumor efficacy and low cytotoxicity of the AIE‐NP drug, whereas biodistribution confirmed the tumor tropism of MSCs. To summarize, the MSC‐based AIE‐NP drugs loaded with TAT possessed good biocompatibility and high antitumor efficacy via the enhanced NP‐drug uptake. In addition, the tumor tropism of MSCs provided selective drug uptake by the tumor cells and thus reduced the systemic side effects.
Cadxela: An educational tool for supporting the global software engineering education at undergraduate level
Authors: Garcia Ivan , Pacheco Carla , León Andrés , Calvo‐Manzano J. A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Global Software Development (GSD) strategy has introduced many benefits into the modern software industry, but it has also created many risks that can negatively affect the quality of the final product. Moreover, this approach is still in constant evolution and, therefore, diverse issues and challenges related to geographical, temporal, and sociocultural distances are also present. Therefore, many universities around the world are increasing their efforts in creating programs to prepare more skilled graduates to work in globally distributed environments. However, providing GSD courses among universities distributed in different locations is not so profitable and normally involves a high number of collaborations among various teachers and students that traditional teaching approaches cannot support. In this study, the Cadxela tool is presented to enable undergraduate students to acquire practical experience in GSD and improve their communication and teamwork skills. An empirical evaluation was conducted on Cadxela involving students and teachers from five universities in Mexico, Spain, Chile, Cuba, and Peru. The participants developed a total of 15 projects to experience different problems related to geographical, temporal, and sociocultural distances. The obtained results from pre and post‐evaluations showed that Cadxela can contribute to facilitating the development of practical projects on GSD undergraduate courses, while students develop their knowledge, social skills associated with this topic as well as teamwork and communication skills. Finally, the data collected on the teachers' perceptions suggested that Cadxela can also be a useful tool for introducing the GSD approach at the undergraduate level.
Alternating therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) with double plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS) for the treatment of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF)
Authors: Lei Yan , Liang Yuling , Zhang Xuemei , Wang Xiaohua , Zhang Yu , Chan Yuk Ming , Tang Chun , Zheng Zhihua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlternating therapeutic plasma exchange with double plasma molecular adsorption system can rapidly remove bilirubin and ammonia and supplement the essential substance from the blood, which could be used as an effective treatment for fulminant hepatic failure.
Flow Regimes and Mixing of Dissimilar Fluids in T‐Jets Mixers
Authors: Brito Margarida S. C. A. , Fonte Cláudio P. , Dias Madalena M. , Lopes José Carlos B. , Santos Ricardo J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEfficient mixing conditions for similar fluids in T‐Jets mixers are well‐established. This paper extends the characterization of the mixing of dissimilar fluids. Planar laser‐induced fluorescence images were captured using fluids with a viscosity ratio between 1.2 and 3. Flow visualizations showed that the best mixing conditions are achieved when the jets are well‐balanced, and the onset of a chaotic flow regime is determined by the Reynolds number of the more viscous fluid (ReHjet > 100). Computational fluid dynamics simulations were also performed to get deeper insight into the flow field and mixing dynamics, enabling the prediction of the impingement point position. An analytical model based on jets' kinetic energy rate balance is proposed as a design tool to predict the impingement point position.
Strategic Substitution of −OH/−NR2 (R=Et, Me) Imparts Colorimetric Switching between F− and Hg2+ by Salicyaldehyde/Benzaldehyde‐Quinoxaline Conjugates
Authors: Bag Riya , Sikdar Yeasin , Sahu Sutapa , Bag Jayanta , Drew Michael G. B. , Pal Kuntal , Goswami Sanchita 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe herein report two salicyaldehyde‐quinoxaline (HQS and HQSN) conjugates and a benzaldehyde‐quinoxaline (QBN) conjugate to fabricate selective chemosensors for F− and Hg2+ in the micromolar range. This work demonstrates how sensing outcomes are affected by modulating proton acidity by introducing an electron donating group, −NEt2, in the probe backbone. Interestingly, the un‐substituted probe HQS can selectively detect F−, whereas HQSN and QBN are selective for Hg2+. In order to gain insights into the mechanism of sensing, geometry optimizations have been carried out on QS(−1), QS(−1)⋅⋅⋅HF, QSN(−1) and QSN(−1)⋅⋅⋅HF and the experimental data are validated in terms of free energy and pKa values. Detailed DFT and TD‐DFT analyses provide ample support towards the mechanism of sensing of the analytes.
EPR Characterisation of Phthalocyanine Radical Anions in Near‐Infrared Photocleavage of the Hydrophilic Axial Ligand of a Photoimmunotherapeutic Reagent, IR700
Authors: Inanami Osamu , Hiraoka Wakako , Goto Yuto , Takakura Hideo , Ogawa Mikako 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Osamu Inanami, Mikako Ogawa and co‐workers at Hokkaido University and Meiji University (Japan). The image shows the formation mechanism of photoinduced cytotoxic aggregation through two‐step cleavage reactions of the hydrophilic axial ligands of IR700 in photoimmunotherapy. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cptc.202100172.
Lead‐Free Cs2AgSbCl6 Double Perovskite Nanocrystals for Effective Visible‐Light Photocatalytic C−C Coupling Reactions
Authors: Guo Yanmei , Lou Yongbing , Chen Jinxi , Zhao Yixin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have been regarded as a promising potential photocatalyst, owing to their high molar extinction coefficient, low economic cost, adjustable light absorption range, and ample surface active sites. However, the toxicity of lead and its inherent instability in water and polar solvents could hinder their wide application in the field of photocatalysis. Herein, with α‐alkylation of aldehydes as a model reaction, C−C bond‐forming is demonstrated in high yield by using lead‐free double perovskite Cs2AgSbCl6 NCs under visible light irradiation. Moreover, the photocatalytic performance is simply improved by rational control of the surface ligands and a reaction mechanism involving a radical intermediate is proposed. Although the stability requires further amelioration, the results indicate the enormous potential of lead‐free double perovskite NC photocatalysts for organic synthesis and chemical transformations.
Clinical application of flow cytometry in patients with unexplained cytopenia and suspected myelodysplastic syndrome: A report of the European LeukemiaNet International MDS‐Flow Cytometry Working Group
Authors: van de Loosdrecht Arjan A. , Kern Wolfgang , Porwit Anna , Valent Peter , Kordasti Sharham , Cremers Eline , Alhan Canan , Duetz Carolien , Dunlop Alan , Hobo Willemijn , Preijers Frank , Wagner‐Ballon Orianne , Chapuis Nicolas , Fontenay Michaela , Bettelheim Peter , Eidenschink‐Brodersen Lisa , Font Patricia , Johansson Ulrika , Loken Michael R. , te Marvelde Jeroen G. , Matarraz Sergio , Ogata Kiyoyuki , Oelschlaegel Uta , Orfao Alberto , Psarra Katherina , Subirá Dolores , Wells Denise A. , Béné Marie C. , Della Porta Matteo G. , Burbury Kate , Bellos Frauke , van der Velden Vincent H. J. , Westers Theresia M. , Saft Leonie , Ireland Robin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article discusses the rationale for inclusion of flow cytometry (FCM) in the diagnostic investigation and evaluation of cytopenias of uncertain origin and suspected myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) by the European LeukemiaNet international MDS Flow Working Group (ELN iMDS Flow WG). The WHO 2016 classification recognizes that FCM contributes to the diagnosis of MDS and may be useful for prognostication, prediction, and evaluation of response to therapy and follow‐up of MDS patients.
Mother's engagement with infant linked to infant's responding to threat
Authors: Thrasher Cat , Krol Kathleen M. , Grossmann Tobias 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe early development of threat perception in infancy might be dependent on caregiver context, but this link has not yet been studied in human infants. This study examined the emergence of the young infant's response to threat in the context of variations in caregiving behavior. Eighty infant‐caregiver dyads (39 female infants, all of western European descent) visited the laboratory when the infant was 5 months old. Each dyad completed a free‐play task, from which we coded for the mother's level of engagement: the amount of talking, close proximity, positive affect, and attention directed toward the infant. When the infant was 7 months old, they came back to the laboratory and we used functional near infrared spectroscopy and eye tracking to measure infants’ neural and attentional responses to threatening angry faces. In response to threat, infants of more‐engaged mothers showed increased brain responses in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex—a brain region associated with emotion regulation and cognitive control among adults—and reduced attentional avoidance. These results point to a role for caregiver behavioral context in the early development of brain systems involved in human threat responding.
What can community ecologists learn from species distribution models?
Authors: Murphy Stephen J. , Smith Adam B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSpecies distribution and ecological niche models (SDMs and ENMs) are popular tools used in a wide variety of research and conservation applications. However, their use in understanding community‐level patterns and processes is an emerging and rapidly developing field. Here, we examine a set of important and challenging topics that are central to advancing the field of community ecology where we believe SDMs and ENMs can help in making progress. Topics examined in this review include the prediction of community attributes (e.g., species richness and composition), the detection and estimation of rare species, species abundance patterns, scale dependencies in species–environment relations, biotic interactions, and historical contingencies. We also describe how SDMs can be used to help construct regional species pools and community assembly models that can be used to help address important questions in novel and interesting ways. We expect that greater integration between theoretical advancements in community ecology, local field‐based experimental studies, and coarse‐scale species distribution modeling applications will become a highly productive avenue for moving the field of community ecology forward and for developing more predictive models of community assembly and dynamics.
Using remote sensing to monitor the spring phenology of Acadia National Park across elevational gradients
Authors: Liu Yan , McDonough MacKenzie Caitlin , Primack Richard B. , Hill Michael J. , Zhang Xiaoyang , Wang Zhuosen , Schaaf Crystal B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGreenup dates and their responses to elevation and temperature variations across the mountains of Acadia National Park are monitored using remote sensing data, including Landsat 8 surface reflectances (at a 30‐m spatial resolution) and VIIRS reflectances adjusted to a nadir view (gridded at a 500‐m spatial resolution), during the 2013–2016 growing seasons. The 30‐m resolution provides a better scale for studying the phenology variation across elevational gradients than the 500‐m resolution, as greenup dates monitored at 30‐m scale have better agreement with leaf‐out dates recorded in the field alongside the north–south‐oriented hiking trails on three of the park’s tallest mountains (466 m, 418 m, and 380 m), and can provide landcover‐specific analysis. The spring phenology responses to temperature and elevation vary among different spatial scales. Greenup dates of Acadia National Park monitored at 30‐m scale show a weak advancing trend with higher spring temperature, while greenup dates monitored at 500 m show a weak delaying trend. The species mix within landcover at 30‐m scale could weaken the advancing trend detected at field observation level. The landcover mix and elevation variation within 500‐m scale could alter the spring phenology response to spring temperature variation. Greenup dates monitored at both 30‐m and 500‐m scales vary among different elevational zones, aspects, landcovers, and years. However, the relationship between greenup dates and elevation is rather weak.
Sensitivity enhancement in capillary electrophoresis and their applications for analyses of pharmaceutical and related biochemical substances
Authors: Suntornsuk L. , Anurukvorakun O. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis review aims to illustrate sensitivity enhancement methods in capillary electrophoresis (CE) and their applications for pharmaceutical and related biochemical substance analyses. The first two parts of the article describe the introduction and principle of CE. The main part focuses on strategies for sensitivity improvement in CE including detector and capillary technologies and preconcentration techniques. Applications of these techniques for pharmaceutical and biomedical substance analyses are surveyed during the years 2018–2021.
Unravelling the structural‐property relations of porphyrinoids with respect to photo‐ and electro‐chemical activities
Authors: Singh Gita , Chandra Sudeshna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPorphyrins have multiple roles in living and nonliving systems because of their exceptional tunable chemical and physical properties. They are interesting macrocyclic compounds that could be modified in a number of ways. The structural diversity of porphyrinoids make them a unique choice for functional devices exhibiting photo‐ and electrochemical properties. Their properties can be modified or altered by either protonating the nitrogen atoms or by inducing charge transfer to the metal center. Structural changes induced by flattening and planar distortions, redox reactions, solvents, and porphyrin aggregations also influence the photo‐ and electro‐chemical properties of porphyrinoids. This review gives a brief explanation on the effects of structural orientation, molecular structure, and charge on the properties of porphyrinoids. The review also illustrates the correlation between the geometrical features and the photo‐ and electrochemical behavior of porphyrinoids.
The interaction capabilities of phytoconstituents of ethanolic seed extract of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) with HMG‐CoA reductase to subside the hypercholesterolemia: A mechanistic approach
Authors: Chouhan Harshlata , Purohit Ashok , Ram Heera , Chowdhury Suman , Kashyap Priya , Panwar Anil , Kumar Ashok 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate hypocholesterolemic potential of phytoconstituents of ethanolic seed extract of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) by assessments of interaction capabilities with 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase (HMG‐CoA) reductase through in vivo and in silico assessments along with screening of phytoconstituents of the test extract. The phytoconstituents of the test extract were identified by Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS)/MS examinations. The hypercholesterolemic rabbit animal model was used for in vivo study and further examined the lipid profile and atherogenic indices. The treatments of the test extract and standard drug (atorvastatin) caused significant reductions in dyslipidemia indices, that is, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Casteli Risk Index‐I (CRI‐I), CRI‐II and atherogenic coefficient (AC). Accordingly, the molecular docking showed significant interactions between the cuminaldehyde and HMG‐CoA reductase compared to the other phytoconstituents. Further, molecular dynamics (MD) validated the interaction capabilities through assessments of N‐Substance, V‐Volume, T‐Temperature (NVT), N‐Substance, P‐Pressure, T‐Temperature (NPT), Root Mean Score Deviation (RSMD), Root Mean Score Fluctuation (RSMF), radius of gyration, system density, and potential energy along with locality assessment of complex interactions evaluated by angle distribution, average angle interaction, free energy of solvation, and solvent accessible surface area (SASA). Subsequently, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) predictions revealed the druggability and bioavailability criteria of the leading identified compounds. On the basis of results obtained, it can be concluded that small phytochemical molecules of test extract of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) have capabilities to inhibit the HMG‐CoA reductase and ameliorate the dyslipidemia indices.
Synthesis of new two‐dimensional titanium carbonitride Ti2C0.5N0.5TxMXene and its performance as an electrode material for sodium‐ion battery
Authors: Liang Kun , Tabassum Anika , Majed Ahmad , Dun Chaochao , Yang Feipeng , Guo Jinghua , Prenger Kaitlyn , Urban Jeffrey J. , Naguib Michael 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) layered transition metal carbides/nitrides, called MXenes, are attractive alternative electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage. Owing to their metallic electrical conductivity and low ion diffusion barrier, MXenes are promising anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, we report on a new 2D carbonitride MXene, viz., Ti2C0.5N0.5Tx (Tx stands for surface terminations), and the only second carbonitride after Ti3CNTx so far. A new type of in situ HF (HCl/KF) etching condition was employed to synthesize multilayer Ti2C0.5N0.5Tx powders from Ti2AlC0.5N0.5. Spontaneous intercalation of tetramethylammonium followed by sonication in water allowed for large‐scale delamination of this new titanium carbonitride into 2D sheets. Multilayer Ti2C0.5N0.5Tx powders showed higher specific capacities and larger electroactive surface area than those of Ti2CTx powders. Multilayer Ti2C0.5N0.5Tx powders show a specific capacity of 182 mAh g−1 at 20 mA g−1, the highest among all reported MXene electrodes as SIBs with excellent cycling stability.image
iTRAQ‐based proteomic analysis reveals potential osteogenesis‐promoted role of ATM in strontium‐incorporated titanium implant
Authors: Xu Yuzi , Zhou Chuan , Li Jia , Xu Yangbo , He Fuming 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present study aims to reveal the osteogenic roles played by DNA damage response biomarkers through implementing isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique. First, sandblasted large‐grit double acid‐etched (SLA) titanium implant and strontium‐incorporated (SLA‐Sr) titanium implant were used for inserting in the tibiae of rats. iTRAQ technique was used to detect protein expression changes and identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). In total, 19,343 peptides and 4280 proteins were screened out. Among them, 91 and 138 DEPs were identified in the SLA‐Sr group after implantation for 3 and 7 days, respectively. Ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein up‐regulated on the 3rd day showed a trend of further up‐regulation on the 7th day. Moreover, functional enrichment analyses were also conducted to explore the biological function of DEPs during the initial stage of osseointegration in vivo, which revealed that the biological functions of the DEPs on the 7th day were mainly related to “mismatch repair” and “mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint.” Analysis of the Reactome signaling pathway showed that ATM was associated with TP53's regulation and activation. Finally, DNA damage repair related genes were selected for validation at mRNA and protein expression levels. Real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry validation results demonstrated that mRNA expression level of ATM was higher in SLA‐Sr group. In conclusion, SLA‐Sr titanium implant could initiate DNA damage repair by activating expression levels of ATM. This study was striving to reveal new faces of better osseointegration and shedding light on the biological function and underlying mechanisms of this important procedure.