bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Characteristics of Plaque Combined With Residual Syntax Score Among Patients With STEMI Undergoing Primary PCI: an Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxiao , Wang Ying , Chen Runzhen , Li Jiannan , Zhou Jingying , Chen Liu , Zhou Peng , Sheng Zhaoxue , Chen Yi , Song Li , Zhao Hanjun , Yan Hongbing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
AimThe present study aimed to explore these characteristics, particularly thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), in relation to residual syntax score (rSS) in patients who presented with acute MI.Methods and outcomesA total of 434 consecutive patients with MI aged ≥18 years who had STEMI underwent primary PCI. Notably, compared with other subgroups, the presence of TCFA in culprit lesions and a higher level of rSS, were significantly associated with MACE. When rSS was divided into three groups, high rSS levels were associated with a higher incidence of MACE, in the subgroups of without TCFA (P= 0.005), plaque erosion (P= 0.045), macrophage infiltration (P= 0.026), and calcification (P= 0.002). AUC of ROC curve was 0.794 and 0.816, whereas the AUC of the survival ROC was 0.798 and 0.846.ConclusionThe results of this study could be used in clinical practice to support risk stratification.Trial registrationThis study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03593928.
If the Adjustment of Insertional Pedicle Screw Positions Will Affect the Risk of Adjacent Segment Diseases Biomechanically? An in-silico Study
Authors: Huang Chenyi , Liu Zongchao , Hu Huajun , Chen Xueyan , Chen Jingwen , Wei Zhangchao , Fang Zhongxin , Xi Zhipeng , Cai Ping , Li Jingchi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The posterior fixation system (PFS) is extensively used in the treatment of spinal diseases. However, the fixation-induced pathological stress distribution pattern (e.g., stress concentration and motility compensation) will increase the risk of adjacent segment diseases (ASD). The accurate adjustment of insertional screw positions is possible under the guidance of the C-arm during percutaneous pedicle screw insertion. Although studies reported that the adjustment of insertional screw positions would affect the stiffness of the fusion segment, there were still no studies that clarified the issue that if the adjustment of insertional screw positions would affect the postoperative biomechanical environment and the risk of ASD. Methods: To investigate if the change of screw positions and related moment arm in adjacent segments will affect mechanical indicators related to ASD, an intact lumbosacral model has been constructed and validated based on our anteriorly constructed model, the oblique lumbar interbody fusion fixed by bilateral PFS with different insertional positions has been simulated in the L4-L5 segment. Models were computed under completely identical loading conditions, including flexion, extension, bending, and rotation. Motility parameters, stress distribution in the intervertebral disc (IVD), and zygapophyseal joints (ZJ) in both cranial and caudal sides of functional units were recorded. Results: Consist with anterior published studies, the change of fixation lengths has a more apparent biomechanical effect on the cranial than the caudal segment. Positive collections can be observed between the reduction of the moment arm in adjacent segments and the aggravation of motility compensation. Furthermore, which can also lead to stress concentration on ZJ facet cartilages. By contrast, no pronounced tendency of stress distribution on IVD can be observed with the change of moment arm. Conclusions: during LIF operations fixed by percutaneous PFS, reducing the fixation stiffness by adjusting the insertional screw positions on the sagittal plane could alleviate the biomechanical deterioration and may be an effective method to reduce the risk of ASD (adjacent segmental instability in the short term and spinal stenosis in the long term).
Evaluation of satellite sensors to compute Chlorophyll-a concentration in the Northeastern Arabian Sea: A validation approach
Authors: Vase Vinaya Kumar , Ajay Nakhawa , Kumar Rajan , Jayaraman Jayasankar , Rohit Prathibha 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The primary productivity of an aquatic system like the Arabian Sea is broadly determined by the concentration of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a/Ca) pigment. The present study is essaying to validate the Chl-a data set retrieved from the prominent ocean color sensors (OC3M - MODIS, OC-OCM2, and OC3V-VIIRS) with sea truth data, collected from 204 stations for a three year period (2015–2017). The in-situ concentrations of Chl-a depict the geographic region under the mesotrophic and eutrophic spans with a mean of 1.36 mg m-3 ((0.1 > Ca>1.0 mg m-3). The ratio of CaOCM2/CaIn-situ was 0.97 ± 0.27 mg m-3 (n = 199), but the ratios were higher with CaVIIRS/CaIn-situ is 1.75 ± 0.79 mg m-3 (n = 170) and CaMODIS/CaIn-situ is 2.53 ± 1.42 mg m-3 (n = 158). The coefficient of determination proclaims a moderate significant relationship for MODIS (R2 = 0.36; p < 0.001), followed OCM2 (R2 = 0.32; p < 0.001) and VIIRS (R2 = 0.19; p < 0.001). The OCM2 showed the lowest RMSE as 0.13, which is relatively lower than the reference error limit by global ocean color missions at 0.35. In overall performance among three algorithms, the OCM2 will provide a better estimation of Chl-a with a prediction of 32% accuracy and 34.37 % of bias. The log bias values for MODIS (0.35) and VIIRS (0.20) algorithms indicating the overestimation of Chl-a with in-situ Chl-a, but the OCM2 algorithm is suitable in the region with a negligible bias (-0.03). The biogeochemical processes and ecosystem characteristics are dynamic from region to region, as yet in its urgent need to validate global sensors to fine-tune the regional algorithms periodically.
What Should We Focus on Sepsis Fluid Resuscitation? – a Research Based on Scientometrics and Visual Analysis
Authors: He Xiaojun , Zhu Xiang , Ma Yuefeng , Liang Jun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition and a global disease burden. Intravenous fluid therapy has been one of the cornerstones of sepsis treatment for decades. Many of the current views and programs are still controversial. With the rapid development of data science and bibliometrics, it is possible to comprehensively review and discover future research trends by analyzing the temporal evolution of topics. Methods: In this paper, bibliometric method was used to get a comprehensive review and quantitatively analyze the global development trend, regional distribution and discipline layout of fluid resuscitation in sepsis. VOSviewer and SciMAT were used to analyze the research hotspots, strategic layout and theme changes of fluid resuscitation in sepsis, and to explore the future research direction. Results: With the development of multi-disciplinary research on fluid resuscitation of sepsis, more attention has been paid to the early prediction and treatment in the emergency medicine department, and the number of basic research (effects of different components of resuscitation fluid) has a downward trend, but the role of albumin is still worthy of further study. The key points of fluid resuscitation in sepsis are the timing of fluid resuscitation, early intervention in the emergency medicine department, looking for accurate and timely indexes of microcirculation perfusion, fluid resuscitation volume in different resuscitation stages and its effect on respiration, kidney and abdominal cavity. Conclusion: The method can identify hotspots and detect future directions conveniently, quickly and effectively. The clinical research of fluid resuscitation in sepsis, especially “the early intervention” and “the precise resuscitation”, is paid more attention, and even the recommendations of the consensus and guidelines need to be further confirmed by “multi center research”, which may become the development direction in the future. Trial registration: it was not registered, because it is an bibliometric analysis based on the published articles.
Benchmarking Prediction Skill in Binary El Niño Forecasts
Authors: Hu Xinjia , Eichner Jan , Faust Eberhard , Kantz Holger 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Reliable El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) prediction at seasonal-to-interannual lead times would be critical for different stakeholders to conduct suitable management. In recent years, new methods combining climate network analysis with El Niño prediction claim that they can predict El Niño up to 1 year in advance by overcoming the spring barrier problem (SPB). Usually this kind of method develops an index representing the relationship between different nodes in El Niño related basins, and the index crossing a certain threshold is taken as the warning of an El Niño event in the next few months. How well the prediction performs should be measured in order to estimate any improvements. However, the amount of El Niño recordings in the available data is limited, therefore it is difficult to validate whether these methods are truly predictive or their success is merely a result of chance. We propose a benchmarking method by new surrogate data for a quantitative forecast validation for small data sets. We apply this method to a naïve prediction of El Niño events based on the Oscillation Niño Index (ONI) time series, where we build a data-based prediction scheme using the index series itself as input. In order to assess the network-based El Niño prediction method, we reproduce two different climate network-based forecasts and apply our method to compare the prediction skill of all these. Our benchmark shows that using the ONI itself as input to the forecast does not work for moderate lead times, while at least one of the two climate network-based methods has predictive skill well above 30 chance at lead times of about one year.
Determination of crop water requirements and irrigation scheduling of wheat using CROPWAT at Koga and Rib irrigation scheme, Ethiopia
Authors: Tewabe Dires , Abebe Atklte , Tsige Amare , Enyew Alebachew , Worku Mulugeta 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Population growth, high water competition, and the effect of climate change have caused water shortage problems in the Nile basin, Ethiopia. Proper water management improves water efficiency; determining the water requirement of field crops is an option for improving water productivity.
Methods

In this study, the CROPWAT 8.0 model, local climate, and soil data were used to determine crop water requirement (CWR) and irrigation scheduling of wheat at Koga and Rib irrigation scheme, Nile basin. The Penman-Monteith and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) soil conservation service methods were used to compute the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and effective rainfall. Five levels of water depth (50%, 75%, 100%, 125%, and 150%) of the model and two irrigation intervals (14 and 21 days) were arranged in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD).
Results

The results showed that at Koga, irrigating 75% of CROPWAT simulated water depth (9.3 mm, 22.9 mm, 44.1 mm, and 25.8 mm at initial, development, middle and late-stage respectively) gave 3.37 t ha− 1 wheat yield and 1.01 kg m− 3 water productivity. The result at Rib showed that irrigating 75% of the model (9.1 mm, 23.6 mm, 47.2 mm, and 34.2 mm at initial, development, middle, late-stage) respectively) gave 4.27 t ha− 1 yield and 1.81 kg m− 3 water productivity of wheat. The reference evapotranspiration was varied from 4.86 mm day− 1 to 3.14 mm day− 1 at Koga and from 4.67 mm day− 1 to 2.36 mm day− 1 at Rib scheme. The irrigation requirement of wheat at Koga was 376.9 mm dec− 1 while at Rib was 379.9 mm dec− 1.
Conclusions

This study showed that the CROPWAT model is an important tool to compute the crop water requirement of field crops in irrigated agriculture.
Metadta: A Stata Command for Meta-analysis and Meta-regression of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Data – A Tutorial.
Authors: Nyaga Victoria Nyawira , Arbyn Marc 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough statistical procedures for pooling of several epidemiological metrics are generally available in statistical packages, those for meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies including options for multivariate regression are lacking. Fitting regression models and the processing of the estimates often entails lengthy and tedious calculations. Therefore, packaging appropriate statistical procedures in a robust and user-friendly program is of great interest to the scientific community. Methodsmetadta is a statistical program for pooling of diagnostic accuracy test data in Stata. It implements both the bivariate random-effects and fixed-effects model, allows for meta-regression, and presents the results in tables, a forest plot and/or summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) plot. For a model without covariates, it also quantifies heterogeneity using an I2 statistic that accounts for the mean-variance relationship, and correlation between sensitivity and specificity, a typical characteristic of diagnostic data. To demonstrate metadta, we applied the program on two published meta-analyses on: 1) the sensitivity and specificity of cytology and other markers including telomerase for primary diagnosis of bladder cancer; and 2) the accuracy of human papillomavirus testing on self-collected versus clinician-collected samples to detect cervical precancer.ResultsWithout requiring a continuity correction, metadta generated a pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.77 [95% CI: 0.70, 0.82] and 0.91 [95% CI: 0.75, 0.97] respectively of telomerase for the diagnosis of primary bladder cancer. metadta allowed to assess the relative accuracy of human Papilloma virus (HPV) testing on self- versus clinician-taken specimens in matched studies taking into account two covariates. Under the condition of using assays based on target-amplification, HPV tests were similarly sensitive to detect cervical pre-cancer, irrespective of clinical setting. ConclusionThe metadta program implements state of art statistical procedures in an attempt to close the gap between methodological statisticians and systematic reviewers. With metadta, we hope to popularize even further, the use of appropriate statistical methods for diagnostic meta-analysis.
A Novel BCAA-catabolism Related Gene Signature for Overall Survival Prediction of Pancreatic Carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Ziting , Zheng Jiajie , Liu Jianqiang , Yang Xiujiang , Chen Ke 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism plays an important role in the pancreatic carcinogenesis, but its mechanism remains unclear. Hence, this study was performed to investigate comprehensively the value of genes related to BCAA catabolism in pancreatic cancer.
Methods

The online GEO, TCGA, and ICGC datasets were searched for bioinformatic analysis. Univariate Cox and Lasso regression were applied to construct a predictive model. Human cancer cell lines and tissue microarray (TMA) were applied for validation.
Results

From the 48 BCAA-catabolism enzyme (BCE) genes, a 5-gene risk-score (ABAT, ACAT1, BCAT1, BCAT2, and DBT) was constructed. Patients in high-risk and low-risk groups stratified by risk-score, indicated significantly different OS (for TCGA, 1.62 years vs. 1.90 years, p = 0.02; for ICGC, 1.25 years vs. 1.87 years, p = 0.01; for GEO, 1.49 years vs. 2.63 years, p = 0.01). Given the clinical parameters, the risk-score was independent predictor for prognosis [for TCGA, hazard ratio (HR) = 3.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.63–6.12, p < 0.01; for ICGC, HR = 3.16, 95% CI = 1.04–2.35, p = 0.03]. Among the five genes, ABAT and BCAT2 were hub genes with favorable prognosis value, which validated by TMA immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Immune infiltration analysis indicated high-risk group enriched macrophage, and decreased positive cell density of stromal CD68+ macrophage in TMA was observed for BCAT2 with low-expression than high-expression cases (p < 0.05).
Conclusion

A risk-score involving five BCE genes was proposed to predict the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Based on the immune infiltration analysis, the underlying mechanism might be BCAT2 associated stromal macrophage infiltration.
Electron-LO-phonon Intrasubband Scattering Rates in a Hollow Cylinder Under the Influence of a Uniform Axial Applied Magnetic Field
Authors: Masale Monkami , Tshipa Moletlanyi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Scattering rates arising from the interactions of electrons with bulk longitudinal optical (LO) phonon modes in a hollow cylinder are calculated as functions of the inner radius and the uniform axial applied magnetic field. Now, the specific nature of electron-phonon interactions mainly depends on the character of the energy spectrum of electrons. As is well known, in cylindrical quantum wires, the application of a parallel magnetic field lifts the double degeneracy of the non-zero azimuthal quantum number states; m≠0; irrespective of all electron's radial quantum number l states. In fact, this Zeeman splitting is such that the m < 0 electron's energy subbands initially decrease with the increase of the parallel applied magnetic field. In a solid cylinder, the lowest-order; {l = 1; m = 0} subband is always the ground state. In a hollow cylinder, however, as the axial applied magnetic field is increased, the electron's energy subbands take turns at becoming the ground state; following the sequence {m=0,-1,-2...-N} of azimuthal quantum numbers. Furthermore, in a hollow cylinder, in general, the electron's energy separations between any two subbands are less than the LO phonon energy except for exceptionally high magnetic fields, and some highest-order quantum number states. In view of this, the discussion of the energy relaxation here is focused mainly on intrasubband scattering of electrons and only within the lowest-order {l = 1; m = 0} electron's energy subband. The intrasubband scattering rates are found to be characterized by shallow minima in their variations with the inner radius, again, for a fixed outer radius. This feature is a consequence of a balance between two seemingly conflicting effects of the electron's confinement by the inner and outer walls of the hollow cylinder. First; increased confinement of the charge carriers generally leads to the enhancement of the rates. Second; the presence of a hole in a hollow cylinder leads to a significant suppression of the scattering rates. The intrasubband scattering rates also show a somewhat parabolic increase in their variations with the applied magnetic field; an increase which is more pronounced in a relatively thick hollow cylinder.
Practice of Public Health Interventions Collaboration and Integrated in Macau SAR and Zhuhai to Response to Pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Yin Xiling , Xiao Songjian , Zhang Xuebao , Chen Long , Ni Xihe , Huang Sicheng , Mei Wenhua , Ruan Feng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn 2020, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area (GBA) was in proximity to the second epicenter of COVID-19 in China, where Macau and Zhuhai are located. Both cities communicated, cooperated, and coordinated under different backgrounds to play a "cocity" effect in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsIn 2020, Macau and Zhuhai had a total of 46 and 112 confirmed cases of COVID-19, respectively. Ten and 98 confirmed cases in two cities that were imported from mainland China or were the result of local infection caused by imported cases of patients who recovered and were discharged during the first period (January 1 to March 14), respectively. During the second period (March 15 to December 31), both of the cities mainly disposed of imported cases (36 and 14 cases in Macau and Zhuhai) from abroad. In the third period (July 15 to December 31), the two cities gradually returned to normal work and life and economic recovery. Under dynamically adjusted prevention and control measures, the two cities have adopted a series of border control measures based on domestic and abroad changes in the COVID-19 epidemic situation. They had closely cooperated and shared information in terms of epidemic information docking, traffic control, patient care, and material guarantees. The prevention and control policies and measures are basically the same in the two cities and different in the 3 time periods. Health QR code exchange was the basis of mobility of residents between the two cities.ConclusionsBoth cities had zero tolerance for COVID-19 cases and adopted a suppression strategy to accurately grasp the changing epidemic situation at any time. There was no community transmission of local cases, and the control effect with resumption of work and personnel turnover was very obvious in the two cities. These characteristics provide a suitable example for other countries and cities to better understand the effectiveness of control measures to address the possible long-term existence of COVID-19.
Towards an Entrepreneurial University Model: Evidence from the Palestine Polytechnic University
Authors: Awad Ibrahim M , Salaimeh Meera Kh. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aims to introduce a proposed model for transforming the Palestine Polytechnic University (PPU) towards an entrepreneurial university. Toward that end, a quantitative approach using statistical techniques of t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pairwise comparisons supported by explanatory and qualitative discussions were utilized. The main findings show that the applicability of entrepreneurship at PPU was relatively fair for the aspects of the compatibility of curricula with the labor market needs, community relations and partnerships, academic exchange, entrepreneurship culture, entrepreneurial education, and university internationalization. Entrepreneurship as a policy objective was moderately acceptable for university policies and regulations, scientific research and innovation, and university leadership, but the university environment was less than moderate. The findings also show that the university leadership acknowledges the importance of achieving entrepreneurship, while they pay insufficient attention to the academic exchange. Offering other supportive funding resources can accelerate entrepreneurship. Given that, this study is likely to provide a proposed model to transform PPU into an entrepreneurial university and effectively achieve the University's pioneering vision that contributes to the University's development and presents this model to the decision-makers.