bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of a massive open online course on enhancing the recruitment of minorities in clinical trials – Faster Together
Authors: Kusnoor Sheila V. , Villalta-Gil Victoria , Michaels Margo , Joosten Yvonne , Israel Tiffany L. , Epelbaum Marcia I. , Lee Patricia , Frakes Elizabeth T. , Cunningham-Erves Jennifer , Mayers Stephanie A. , Stallings Sarah C. , Giuse Nunzia B. , Harris Paul A. , Wilkins Consuelo H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundRacial and ethnic minorities are often underrepresented in clinical trials, threatening the generalizability of trial results. Several factors may contribute to underrepresentation of minorities in clinical trials, including lack of training for researchers and staff on the importance of diversity in clinical trials and effective strategies for recruiting and retaining minority populations.MethodsApplying community engaged research principles, we developed a massive open online course (MOOC) to help research team members develop knowledge and skills to enhance the recruitment of minorities in clinical trials. A transdisciplinary working group, consisting of clinical researchers, community engagement specialists, minority clinical trial recruitment and retention educators and specialists, and knowledge management information scientists, was formed to develop an evidence-based curriculum. Feedback from the Recruitment Innovation Center Community Advisory Board was incorporated to help finalize the curriculum. The course was implemented in Coursera, an online learning platform offering MOOCs. A bootstrap paired sample t-test was used to compare pre- and post-assessments of knowledge, attitudes, and intentions as it relates to minority recruitment.ResultsThe final course, entitled Faster Together, was divided into eight 1-h modules. Each module included video presentations, reading assignments, and quizzes. After 10 months, 382 individuals enrolled in the course, 105 participants completed the pre-test, and 14 participants completed the post-test. Participants’ knowledge scores were higher with an increase in the mean number of correct answers from 15.4 (95% CI:12.1–18.7) on the pre-test to 18.7 (95% CI:17.42–20.2) on the post-test. All post-test respondents (n = 14) indicated that the course improved their professional knowledge, and 71.4% of respondents indicated that they were very likely to make changes to their recruitment practices.ConclusionsFaster Together, a massive open online course, is an acceptable, accessible approach to educating research teams on minority recruitment in clinical trials. Preliminary evidence indicates the course increased knowledge on how to recruit minorities into clinical trials and could promote change in their recruitment practices.
Renal transplantation outcomes in obese patients: a French cohort-based study
Authors:   for the DIVAT consortium, Foucher Y. , Lorent M. , Albano L. , Roux S. , Pernin V. , Le Quintrec M. , Legendre C. , Buron F. , Morelon E. , Girerd S. , Ladrière M. , Glotz D. , Lefaucher C. , Kerleau C. , Dantal J. , Branchereau J. , Giral M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhilst there are a number of publications comparing the relationship between body mass index (BMI) of kidney transplant recipients and graft/patient survival, no study has assessed this for a French patient cohort.MethodsIn this study, cause-specific Cox models were used to study patient and graft survival and several other time-to-event measures. Logistic regressions were performed to study surgical complications at 30 days post-transplantation as well as delayed graft function.ResultsAmong the 4691 included patients, 747 patients were considered obese with a BMI level greater than 30 kg/m2. We observed a higher mortality for obese recipients (HR = 1.37,p = 0.0086) and higher risks of serious bacterial infections (HR = 1.24,p = 0.0006) and cardiac complications (HR = 1.45,p < 0.0001). We observed a trend towards death censored graft survival (HR = 1.22,p = 0.0666) and no significant increased risk of early surgical complications.ConclusionsWe showed that obesity increased the risk of death and serious bacterial infections and cardiac complications in obese French kidney transplant recipients. Further epidemiologic studies aiming to compare obese recipients versus obese candidates remaining on dialysis are needed to improve the guidelines for obese patient transplant allocation.
Management of anticoagulated patients in dentoalveolar surgery: a retrospective study comparing bridging with heparin versus unpaused vitamin K antagonist medication
Authors: Buchbender Mayte , Rößler Felix , Kesting Marco R. , Frohwitter Gesche , Adler Werner , Rau Andrea 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of postoperative bleeding following dentoalveolar surgery in patients with either continued vitamin K antagonist medication or perioperative bridging using heparin.

Methods
A retrospective study was performed analyzing patients who underwent tooth extraction between 2012 and 2017. Patients were retrospectively allocated into two comparative groups: un-paused vitamin K antagonist medication versus bridging using heparin. A healthy, non-anticoagulated cohort with equivalent surgery served as a control group. Main outcome measures were: the occurrence and frequency of postoperative bleeding, the number of removed teeth, the surgical technique of tooth removal (extraction/osteotomy/combined extraction and osteotomy) and the prothrombin time.

Results

In total, 475 patients were included in the study with 170 patients in the group of un-paused vitamin K antagonist medication VG, 135 patients in the Bridging group BG and 170 patients in the control group CG. Postoperative bleeding was significant: CG versus VG p = 0.004; CG versus BG p < 0.001, BG versus VG p < 0.001. A significant correlation of number of the extracted teeth in the BG (p = 0.014) and no significance in VG (p = 0.298) and CG (p = 0.210) and in the BG versus VG and CG with p < 0.001 in terms of surgical intervention extraction. No difference observed in terms of prothrombin time.

Conclusions
Bridging with heparin increases the risk for bleeding compared to un-paused vitamin K antagonist medication. The perioperative management of anticoagulated patients requires a well-coordinated interdisciplinary teamwork to minimize or at best avoid both: postoperative bleeding and thromboembolic incidences.
Mindfulness-based intervention helps preclinical medical students to contain stress, maintain mindfulness and improve academic success
Authors: Lampe Luisa Charlotte , Müller-Hilke Brigitte 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Stress among students is on the rise during early medical school and has been implicated in poor academic performance. Several methods are being discussed to efficiently reduce stress, among them mindfulness-based interventions. We therefore set out to assess how stress, mindfulness, and academic performance are connected and if an intervention on mindfulness based stress reduction could alleviate stress among medical students and improve their academic achievements.

Methods
A non-randomized controlled trial including 143 medical students in their preclinical years was performed in 2019. The students completed two surveys - one in the first, the other in the third term - recording perceived stress and mindfulness via validated scales (PSS-10 and MAAS). In between both, 41 students participated in a voluntary mindfulness-based intervention including six two-hours courses. 86 students served as controls. Scholarly success was assessed via the scores achieved in six exams written during the observation period.

Results
Stress was inversely related with mindfulness and with the results of the most challenging exam. The intervention on mindfulness based stress reduction helped to contain stress and maintain mindfulness during the observation period and this effect lasted for at least six months beyond completion of the intervention. In contrast, beneficial effects on scholarly success were transient and only detectable at completion of the intervention.

Conclusion
Our observation of short- and intermediate term effects resulting from six individual interventions on mindfulness based stress reduction is encouraging and calls for alternative strategies to induce long-lasting impacts.
Evolution of 3D weaving and 3D woven fabric structures
Authors: Perera Yasith Sanura , Muwanwella Rajapaksha Mudiyanselage Himal Wido , Fernando Philip Roshan , Fernando Sandun Keerthichandra , Jayawardana Thantirige Sanath Siroshana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract3D fabric preforms are used as reinforcements in composite applications. 3D woven preforms have a huge demand in ballistic applications, aircraft industry, automobiles and structural reinforcements. A variety of 3D woven fabric reinforced composites and two dimensional woven fabric reinforced laminates can be found in the literature. However, the majority of the said products lack in delamination resistance and possess poor out-of-plane mechanical characteristics, due to the absence or insufficiency of through-thickness reinforcement. 3D fully interlaced preform weaving introduces a method of producing fully interlaced 3D woven fabric structures with through-thickness reinforcement, which enhances the delamination resistance as well as out-of-plane mechanical characteristics. 3D woven fabric preforms made from 3D fully interlaced preform weaving, using high-performance fiber yarns such as Dyneema, Carbon, Kevlar and Zylon, have exceptional mechanical properties with light-weight characteristics, which make them suitable candidates for high-end technical composite applications. In this work, a brief introduction is given to the history of weaving followed by an introduction to 3D woven fabrics. In the existing literature, an emphasis is given to the 3D fully interlaced preform weaving process, distinguishing it from other 3D woven fabric manufacturing methods. Subsequently, a comprehensive review is made on the existing literature on 3D fully interlaced preform weaving devices, such as primary and secondary mechanisms as well as modelling of 3D woven fabric structures produced by 3D fully interlaced preform weaving. Finally, the authors attempted to discuss the existing research gaps with potential directions for future research.
Modified spectral format based on probability level using site-specific uniform hazard spectrum
Authors: Ahmed Ali 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDeficiencies of the four spectral formats i.e., 2%/50-yr, 5%/50-yr, 10%/50-yr and AASHTO (American Association of State Highway Officials) 2009 demand modification of the spectral formats for bridge design application in Canada. Among them the 10%/50-yr spectrum is dropped from current investigation as its difference with Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) 2006 is too large to modify. This study introduces an approach calibrating on the values of elastic seismic response coefficient to provide a new shape of the Canadian bridge design spectrum based on modified 2%/50-yr, modified 5%/50-yr and modified AASHTO spectral formats. A Digital Visual Fortran program was prepared to determine the optimum values of the modification factors incorporated into the three spectral formats calibrated on the data of 389 cities of Canada. Thus, here it is developed the strategies of modifying the three spectral formats based on the best probability level for CHBDC using site-specific Uniform Hazard Spectrum (UHS). Finally, select the most suitable spectral format to apply for the design base shear calculations for the bridges of Canada.
Sick day advice for people with diabetes
Authors: Stewart Martha 
Published: March 2021

In this article Martha Stewart discusses how illness affects diabetes management and outlines the ‘sick-day advice’ that should be shared with people living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes Intercurrent illness can cause glucose levels to rise in people with diabetes mellitus. These illnesses include the common cold, diarrhoea and vomiting, urinary tract infections and COVID-19. If diabetes is not managed well during illness it can escalate and result in more serious conditions, such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS), which would require emergency hospital admission. This article discusses how illness affects diabetes management and outlines the ‘sick-day advice’ that should be shared with people living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Development of a rodent high-energy blast injury model for investigating conditions associated with traumatic amputations
Authors: Kazezian Zepur , Yu Xiancheng , Ramette Martin , Macdonald Warren , Bull Anthony M. J. 
Published: March 2021

AimsIn recent conflicts, most injuries to the limbs are due to blasts resulting in a large number of lower limb amputations. These lead to heterotopic ossification (HO), phantom limb pain (PLP), and functional deficit. The mechanism of blast loading produces a combined fracture and amputation. Therefore, to study these conditions, in vivo models that replicate this combined effect are required. The aim of this study is to develop a preclinical model of blast-induced lower limb amputation.MethodsCadaveric Sprague-Dawley rats’ left hindlimbs were exposed to blast waves of 7 to 13 bar burst pressures and 7.76 ms to 12.68 ms positive duration using a shock tube. Radiographs and dissection were used to identify the injuries.ResultsHigher burst pressures of 13 and 12 bar caused multiple fractures at the hip, and the right and left limbs. Lowering the pressure to 10 bar eliminated hip fractures; however, the remaining fractures were not isolated to the left limb. Further reducing the pressure to 9 bar resulted in the desired isolated fracture of the left tibia with a dramatic reduction in the fractures to other sites.ConclusionIn this paper, a rodent blast injury model has been developed in the hindlimb of cadaveric rats that combines the blast and fracture in one insult, necessitating amputation. Experimental setup with 9 bar burst pressure and 9.13 ms positive duration created a fracture at the tibia with total reduction in non-targeted fractures, rendering 9 bar burst pressure suitable for translation to a survivable model to investigate blast injury-associated diseases. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(3):166–172.
Sleep disturbance associations with blood pressure and body mass index in school-aged children
Authors: Arumningtyas Restu Maharany , Triono Agung , Sutomo Retno 
Published: March 2021

Background Sleep disturbances can lead to many health problems in school-aged children, including hypertension and obesity. However, a lack of consensus about the etiology of these conditions is due to conflicting reports on the possible effects of sleep disturbances.
Objective To assess for possible associations between sleep disturbances and blood pressure as well as body mass index in school-aged children.
Methods This cross-sectional study involved primary school children in the 4th-5th grades. Subjects’ blood pressure, body weight, and body height were measured and their parents completed the Sleep Disturbances Scale for Children (SDSC) questionnaire.
Results Of the 816 children enrolled, 503 (61.6%) children had sleep disturbances. The most common type of sleep disturbance was initiating and maintaining sleep. Bivariate analysis revealed a significantly increased risk of hypertension among subjects with sleep disturbances (PR 15.06; 95%CI 8.13 to 27.90) and increased risk of obesity (PR 22.65; 95%CI 12.28 to 41.78).
Conclusion The most common type of sleep disturbance is initiating and maintaining sleep. Sleep disturbances are significantly associated with hypertension and obesity in children.
Assessing the Rate of Child Maintenance (Financial Support) from a Shariah Perspective: the Case of Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Bahiyah , Hj. Azahari Raihanah , Ab Rahman Asmak , Abdul Wahab Mazni 
Published: March 2021

Shariah mandates the criteria of kifāyah and ma’rūf in assessing maintenance for wives and children; however, these criteria currently require assesment and evaluation as maintenance is mostly influenced by society’s practices and by socioeconomic status. Consequently, Malaysia’s Islamic Family Law (Federal Territory) Act 1984 presribes that the maintenance assesment for wives and children must be based on the means (ma’rūf) and needs (kifāyah) of the parties. However, this provision is too general and there is no clear explanation of what constitutes these criteria for the parties. This provision has troubled some parties as it leaves the determination of the maintenance rate to a judge’s discretion regarding both criteria. This study, with a methodology of content analysis and in-depth interviews, determines an assessment formula for both criteria in assessing child maintenance. Hukum Islam mensyaratkan dua kriteria dalam pemberian nafkah istri dan anak yaitu kifāyah dan ma’rūf. Namun kriteria tersebut saat ini perlu ditinjau dan evaluasi lagi sesuai dengan praktik masyarakat serta keadaan social ekonomi saat ini. Seperti yang terdapat dalam hukum perundangan keluarga Islam Malaysia tahun 1984 yang menyatakan bahwa ma’rūf dan kifāyah menjadi syarat utama pemberian nafkah istri dan anak. Bagaimanapun penjelasan kriteria tersebut masih terlalu umum dan kurang jelas. Hal ini juga menyisakan beberapa persoalan akibat keputusan pengadilan yang mendasarkan pada kedua kriteria tersebut. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis isi dan wawancara mendalam, kajian ini menguatkan penilaian kedua kriteria tersebut.
Relación entre la presencia de surcos radiculares y las variaciones anatómicas según Vertucci de primeros premolares inferiores de una subpoblación colombiana
Authors: Franco Márquez Lucia Isabel , Gómez Hernández Iván Darío , Almario Barrera Andrea Johanna , Duarte Monsalve Martha Lucely , Moreno Monsalve Jaime Omar 
Published: March 2021

El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar la presencia de surcos radiculares (SR) en la anatomía externa radicular y su relación con la clasificación de Vertucci en primeros premolares inferiores de una subpoblación colombiana.Se analizaron imágenes mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT) en tres planos (coronal, sagital y axial), de 140 primeros premolares inferiores humanos, y se determinó la configuración anatómica de los conductos radiculares de acuerdo a la clasificación de Vertucci. Posteriormente los SR de dichas piezas se reconocieron en los cortes axiales de las imágenes CBCT.Se estableció que la tipología I según la clasificación de Vertucci fue la que presentó mayor frecuencia 72.14% (101/140), seguida por la tipo V en 19.28% (27/140). De igual manera, la presencia de surcos radiculares (SR) correspondió al 30% ( 42/140).Con el presente estudió se evidenció un porcentaje amplio de variaciones anatómicas en el primer premolar inferior de una población de Colombia, esto refuerza la necesidad de conocer detalladamente la anatomía dental para establecer estrategias y protocolos más efectivos y así conseguir un tratamiento endodóntico exitoso a largo plazo.
Pengetahuan Pengoperasian Kitchen Equipment Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Tata Boga
Authors: Hanisah Hanisah , Yogha Sudewi , Rahmawati Yulia 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh terdapatnya permasalahan berupa adanya mahasiswa yang masih kurang memahami bagaimana fungsi dan pengoperasian kitchen equipment, seperti kurangnya pemahaman cara pengoperasian oven listrik dan oven gas yang berada di Laboratorium Patiseri dimana mekanisme dan tahapan ketika mengoperasikan belum sesuai dengan Standar Operasional Procedure (SOP) sehingga mengakibatkan kecelakaan kerja di area dapur. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kemampuan pengetahuan mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Tata Boga mengenai pemahaman dapur, peralatan dapur, dan penerapan langkah-langkah pengoperasian kitchen equipment. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian berjumlah sebanyak 157 mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Tata Boga yang telah mengampu mata kuliah Manajemen Dapur dan sampel sebanyak 62 orang mahasiswa angkatan 2015, 2016, dan 2017 yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Tata Boga tentang pengetahuan dapur berada pada kategori cukup memahami (51%), pengetahuan tentang pemahaman peralatan dapur berada pada kategori baik (74%) dan pengetahuan tentang penerapan langkah-langkah pengoperasian kitchen equipment berada pada kategori cukup memahami (53%). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian tentang Pengetahuan Pengoperasian Kitchen Equipment Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Tata Boga termasuk ke dalam kategori cukup memahami dengan persentase keseluruhan sebesar 59%. Kata Kunci: Kitchen Equipment, pengoperasian, pengetahuan.
A Design and performance analysis of a telemetry system for remote monitoring of turbidity of water during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hasanah Lilik , Hakim Wahyu Luqmanul , Aminudin Ahmad , Sahari Siti Kudnie , Mulyanti Budi 
Published: March 2021

A turbidity telemetry system for COVID-19 pandemic situations using nRF24L01+transceiver and SEN0189 water turbidity sensor-based microcontroller has been successfuly developed.. The method used to characterize the sensor is by comparing sensor output voltages with the value of water turbidity. Turbid water used was created by adding distilled water with a concentration of sediment obtained from the filtered sediment with less than 60 μm in diameter. Data transmission performance for various transmit power was done by calculating the error percentages by comparing the number of messages sent by transmitter and received by receiver. The transmit power settings were 0, -6, -12, and 18 dBm and variations in the distance of data transmission from 10 to 80 m. The test results show that the water turbidity sensor has a good measurement range in measuring turbidity of water from 1.873 to 3500 NTU. Higher concentrations of sediment and turbidity of the water made the sensor output voltage decrease. There was a decrease in output voltage in the value, namely -0.0006 in turbidity sensor sensitivity. The results also show an increase in error percentages as the distance of data transmission increases, while the bigger the transmit power is used for data transmission, the smaller the percentage of errors occurs.
Grape Drying Process Using Machine Vision Based on Multilayer Perceptron Networks
Authors: Suprapto Suprapto , Riyanto Edy 
Published: March 2021

This paper proposed a grape drying machine using computer vision and Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) method. Computer vision is for taking grapes’ image on conveyor, whereas MLP is for controlling grape drying machine and classifying its output. To evaluate the proposed, a kind of grapes are put on conveyor of the machine and their images are taken every two min. Some parameters of MLP to control the drying machine includes dried grape, temperature, grape area, motor position, and motion speed. Those parameters are to adjust an appropriate MLP’s output, including motion control and heater control. Two different temperatures are employed on the machine, including 60 and 75°C. The results showed that the grape could be dried with similar area 3800 pixel at the 770th min using temperature 60°C and at the 410th min using temperature 75°C. Comparing between them, the similar ratio could also be achieved at 0.64 with different time 360 min. Indeed, the temperature setting at 75°C resulted faster drying performance.