bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid learning of object names in dogs
Authors: Fugazza Claudia , Andics Attila , Magyari Lilla , Dror Shany , Zempléni András , Miklósi Ádám 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLearning object names after few exposures, is thought to be a typically human capacity. Previous accounts of similar skills in dogs did not include control testing procedures, leaving unanswered the question whether this ability is uniquely human. To investigate the presence of the capacity to rapidly learn words in dogs, we tested object-name learning after four exposures in two dogs with knowledge of multiple toy-names. The dogs were exposed to new object-names either while playing with the objects with the owner who named those in a social context or during an exclusion-based task similar to those used in previous studies. The dogs were then tested on the learning outcome of the new object-names. Both dogs succeeded after exposure in the social context but not after exposure to the exclusion-based task. Their memory of the object-names lasted for at least two minutes and tended to decay after retention intervals of 10 min and 1 h. This reveals that rapid object-name learning is possible for a non-human species (dogs), although memory consolidation may require more exposures. We suggest that rapid learning presupposes learning in a social context. To investigate whether rapid learning of object names in a social context is restricted to dogs that have already shown the ability to learn multiple object-names, we used the same procedure with 20 typical family dogs. These dogs did not demonstrate any evidence of learning the object names. This suggests that only a few subjects show this ability. Future studies should investigate whether this outstanding capacity stems from the exceptional talent of some individuals or whether it emerges from previous experience with object name learning.
Systemic oxidative stress is associated with lower aerobic capacity and impaired skeletal muscle energy metabolism in heart failure patients
Authors: Yokota Takashi , Kinugawa Shintaro , Hirabayashi Kagami , Yamato Mayumi , Takada Shingo , Suga Tadashi , Nakano Ippei , Fukushima Arata , Matsushima Shouji , Okita Koichi , Tsutsui Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOxidative stress plays a role in the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF). We investigated whether systemic oxidative stress is linked to exercise intolerance and skeletal muscle abnormalities in patients with CHF. We recruited 30 males: 17 CHF patients, 13 healthy controls. All participants underwent blood testing, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS; lipid peroxides) were significantly higher (5.1 ± 1.1 vs. 3.4 ± 0.7 μmol/L, p < 0.01) and the serum activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant, were significantly lower (9.2 ± 7.1 vs. 29.4 ± 9.7 units/L, p < 0.01) in the CHF cohort versus the controls. The oxygen uptake (VO2) at both peak exercise and anaerobic threshold was significantly depressed in the CHF patients; the parameters of aerobic capacity were inversely correlated with serum TBARS and positively correlated with serum SOD activity. The phosphocreatine loss during plantar-flexion exercise and intramyocellular lipid content in the participants' leg muscle measured by 31phosphorus- and 1proton-MRS, respectively, were significantly elevated in the CHF patients, indicating abnormal intramuscular energy metabolism. Notably, the skeletal muscle abnormalities were related to the enhanced systemic oxidative stress. Our analyses revealed that systemic oxidative stress is related to lowered whole-body aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle dysfunction in CHF patients.
Multi-Q 2 software facilitates isobaric labeling quantitation analysis with improved accuracy and coverage
Authors: Chen Ching-Tai , Wang Jen-Hung , Cheng Cheng-Wei , Hsu Wei-Che , Ko Chu-Ling , Choong Wai-Kok , Sung Ting-Yi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMass spectrometry-based proteomics using isobaric labeling for multiplex quantitation has become a popular approach for proteomic studies. We present Multi-Q 2, an isobaric-labeling quantitation tool which can yield the largest quantitation coverage and improved quantitation accuracy compared to three state-of-the-art methods. Multi-Q 2 supports identification results from several popular proteomic data analysis platforms for quantitation, offering up to 12% improvement in quantitation coverage for accepting identification results from multiple search engines when compared with MaxQuant and PatternLab. It is equipped with various quantitation algorithms, including a ratio compression correction algorithm, and results in up to 336 algorithmic combinations. Systematic evaluation shows different algorithmic combinations have different strengths and are suitable for different situations. We also demonstrate that the flexibility of Multi-Q 2 in customizing algorithmic combination can lead to improved quantitation accuracy over existing tools. Moreover, the use of complementary algorithmic combinations can be an effective strategy to enhance sensitivity when searching for biomarkers from differentially expressed proteins in proteomic experiments. Multi-Q 2 provides interactive graphical interfaces to process quantitation and to display ratios at protein, peptide, and spectrum levels. It also supports a heatmap module, enabling users to cluster proteins based on their abundance ratios and to visualize the clustering results. Multi-Q 2 executable files, sample data sets, and user manual are freely available at http://ms.iis.sinica.edu.tw/COmics/Software_Multi-Q2.html.
Topological impact of negative links on the stability of resting-state brain network
Authors: Saberi Majid , Khosrowabadi Reza , Khatibi Ali , Misic Bratislav , Jafari Gholamreza 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStability is a physical attribute that stands opposite the change. However, it is still unclear how the arrangement of links called topology affects network stability. In this study, we tackled this issue in the resting-state brain network using structural balance. Structural balance theory employs the quality of triadic associations between signed links to determine the network stability. In this study, we showed that negative links of the resting-state network make hubs to reduce balance-energy and push the network into a more stable state compared to null-networks with trivial topologies. In this regard, we created a global measure entitled ‘tendency to make hub’ to assess the hubness of the network. Besides, we revealed nodal degrees of negative links have an exponential distribution that confirms the existence of negative hubs. Our findings indicate that the arrangement of negative links plays an important role in the balance (stability) of the resting-state brain network.
An efficient simulation for quantum secure multiparty computation
Authors: Sutradhar Kartick , Om Hari 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe quantum secure multiparty computation is one of the important properties of secure quantum communication. In this paper, we propose a quantum secure multiparty summation (QSMS) protocol based on (t, n) threshold approach, which can be used in many complex quantum operations. To make this protocol secure and realistic, we combine both the classical and quantum phenomena. The existing protocols have some security and efficiency issues because they use (n, n) threshold approach, where all the honest players need to perform the quantum multiparty summation protocol. We however use a (t, n) threshold approach, where only t honest players need to compute the quantum summation protocol. Compared to other protocols our proposed protocol is more cost-effective, realistic, and secure. We also simulate it using the IBM corporation’s online quantum computer, or quantum experience.
Realization of structural transformation for the enhancement of magnetic and magneto capacitance effect in BiFeO3–CoFe2O4 ceramics for energy storage application
Authors: Muneeswaran Muniyandi , Akbari-Fakhrabadi Ali , Gracia-Pinilla Miguel Angel , Denardin Juliano C. , Giridharan Nambi Venkatesan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, (1 − x) BFO-xCFO (CFO, x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.30) ceramics were synthesized by a solid-state reaction method; their compositions were driven by structural, microstructural, vibrational, electrical, magnetic properties; their enhanced magneto capacitance (MC) effect have also been carried out. Reitveld refinement studies of X-ray diffraction data shows composition-driven structural phase transformation from rhombohedral (R3c) to tetragonal (P4mm). Two phonon scattering Raman modes were observed for the higher wavenumber which supports the crystal structural transition in the BFO-CFO. Ferroelectric polarization shows that the polarization increased with increasing CFO concentration, which describes the changes of the polar symmetry of the crystal structure from rhombohedral (R3c) to tetragonal (P4mm). In Further, the maximum efficiency of energy density (η = 68.65%), reversible energy density of 0.138 J/cm3 and the strong magneto capacitance was observed in 0.9BFO-0.1CFO, which belongs to the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region near to the BiFeO3-rich region. The magnetic response analysis has shown, the saturation magnetization (Ms) values of 83 emu/gm and 139 emu/gm for pure CFO and 0.7BFO-0.3CFO composite, respectively, and their magnetic behaviours were also confirmed with Arrott–Belov–Kouvel (ABK) plot.
Layer-selective magnetization switching in the chirped photonic crystal with GdFeCo
Authors: Borovkova O. V. , Ignatyeva D. O. , Belotelov V. I. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHere we propose a magnetophotonic structure for the layer-selective magnetization switching with femtosecond laser pulses of different wavelengths. It is based on a chirped magnetophotonic crystal (MPC) containing magnetic GdFeCo and nonmagnetic dielectric layers. At each operating wavelength the laser pulses heat up to necessary level only one GdFeCo layer that leads to its magnetization reversal without any impact on the magnetization of the other layers. Moreover, magneto-optical reading of the MPC magnetization state is discussed. Lateral dimensions of the considered MPC can be made small enough to operate as a unit cell for data storage.
Sex steroids and steroidogenesis-related genes in the sea cucumber, Holothuria scabra and their potential role in gonad maturation
Authors: Thongbuakaew Tipsuda , Suwansa-ard Saowaros , Chaiyamoon Arada , Cummins Scott F. , Sobhon Prasert 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe sea cucumberHolothuria scabrais an economically valuable marine species which is distributed throughout the Asia–Pacific region. With the natural population declining due to over fishing, aquaculture of this species is deemed necessary. Hence, it is essential to understand the mechanisms regulating the reproduction in order to increase their populations. Sex steroids, including estrogens, androgens and progestogens, play an important role in reproduction in most vertebrates and several invertebrates. It has been proposed that sea cucumbers have the same sex steroids as vertebrates but the steroidogenic pathway in the sea cucumbers is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) that sex steroids (estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone) were present inH. scabraneural and gonadal tissues.In silico searches of available sea cucumber transcriptome data identified 26 steroidogenesis-related genes. Comparative analysis of encoded proteins for the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (HscStAR), CYP P450 10, 17 and 3A (HscCYP10, HscCYP17, HscCYP3A) and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (Hsc3β-HSD, Hsc17β-HSD) with other species was performed to confirm their evolutionary conservation. Gene expression analyses revealed widespread tissue expression. Real-time PCR analysis revealed thatHscStAR,HscCYP10,Hsc3β-HSD,andHsc17β-HSDgene expressions were similar to those in ovaries and testes, which increased during the gonad maturation.HscCYP17mRNA was increased during ovarian development and its expression declined at late stages in females but continued high level in males. The expression of theHscCYP3Awas high at the early stages of ovarian development, but not at other later stages in ovaries, however it remained low in testes. Moreover, a role for steroids in reproduction was confirmed following the effect of sex steroids on vitellogenin (Vtg) expression in ovary explant culture, showing upregulation of Vtg level. Collectively, this study has confirmed the existence of steroids in an echinoderm, as well as characterizing key genes associated with the steroidogenic pathway. We propose that sex steroids might also be associated with the reproduction ofH. scabra, and the identification of biosynthetic genes enables future functional studies to be performed.
Inflammation predicts new onset of depression in men, but not in women within a prospective, representative community cohort
Authors: Ernst Mareike , Brähler Elmar , Otten Daniëlle , Werner Antonia M. , Tibubos Ana N. , Reiner Iris , Wicke Felix , Wiltink Jörg , Michal Matthias , Nagler Markus , Münzel Thomas , Wild Philipp S. , König Jochem , Pfeiffer Norbert , Borta Andreas , Lackner Karl J. , Beutel Manfred E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDepression has been associated with increased inflammation. However, only few large-scale, prospective studies have evaluated whether inflammation leads to new cases of depression and whether this association can be found in men and women. Longitudinal data of N = 10,357 adult participants with no evidence of depression at baseline (based on Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), lifetime diagnoses, and current antidepressant medication) were evaluated for depression 5 years later. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to predict the onset of depression based on C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell count (WBC). We used interaction terms and separate analyses in men and women to investigate gender-dependent associations. Based on both markers, inflammation was predictive of new cases of depression 5 years later, even when adjusting for sociodemographic, physical health, health behavior variables, and baseline depression symptoms. As established by interaction terms and separate analyses, inflammatory markers were predictive of depression in men, but not in women. Additional predictors of new onset of depression were younger age, loneliness, smoking (only in men), cancer and less alcohol consumption (only in women). The study indicates gender differences in the etiology of depressive disorders within the community, with a greater role of physical factors in men.
Genomic analysis of WD40 protein family in the mango reveals a TTG1 protein enhances root growth and abiotic tolerance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Tan Lin , Salih Haron , Htet Nwe Ni Win , Azeem Farrukh , Zhan Rulin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWD40 domain-containing proteins constitute one of the most abundant protein families in all higher plants and play vital roles in the regulation of plant growth and developmental processes. To date, WD40 protein members have been identified in several plant species, but no report is available on the WD40 protein family in mango (Mangifera indica L.). In this study, a total of 315 WD40 protein members were identified in mango and further divided into 11 subgroups according to the phylogenetic tree. Here, we reported mango TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA 1 (MiTTG1) protein as a novel factor that functions in the regulation of Arabidopsis root growth and development. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay in tobacco leaves revealed that MiTTG1 protein physically interacts with MiMYB0, MiTT8 and MibHLH1, implying the formation of a new ternary regulatory complex (MYB-bHLH-WD40) in mango. Furthermore, the MiTTG1 transgenic lines were more adapted to abiotic stresses (mannitol, salt and drought stress) in terms of promoted root hairs and root lengths. Together, our findings indicated that MiTTG1 functions as a novel factor to modulate protein–protein interactions and enhance the plants abilities to adjust different abiotic stress responses.
A PCR amplicon-based SARS-CoV-2 replicon for antiviral evaluation
Authors: Kotaki Tomohiro , Xie Xuping , Shi Pei-Yong , Kameoka Masanori 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe development of specific antiviral compounds to SARS-CoV-2 is an urgent task. One of the obstacles for the antiviral development is the requirement of biocontainment because infectious SARS-CoV-2 must be handled in a biosafety level-3 laboratory. Replicon, a non-infectious self-replicative viral RNA, could be a safe and effective tool for antiviral evaluation. Herein, we generated a PCR-based SARS-CoV-2 replicon. Eight fragments covering the entire SARS-CoV-2 genome except S, E, and M genes were amplified with HiBiT-tag sequence by PCR. The amplicons were ligated and in vitro transcribed to RNA. The cells electroporated with the replicon RNA showed more than 3000 times higher luminescence than MOCK control cells at 24 h post-electroporation, indicating robust translation and RNA replication of the replicon. The replication was drastically inhibited by remdesivir, an RNA polymerase inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2. The IC50 of remdesivir in this study was 0.29 μM, generally consistent to the IC50 obtained using infectious SARS-CoV-2 in a previous study (0.77 μM). Taken together, this system could be applied to the safe and effective antiviral evaluation without using infectious SARS-CoV-2. Because this is a PCR-based and transient replicon system, further improvement including the establishment of stable cell line must be achieved.
An origami paper-based nanoformulated immunosensor detects picograms of VEGF-C per milliliter of blood
Authors: Sun Shuai , Wang Yang , Ming Tao , Luo Jinping , Xing Yu , Liu Juntao , Xiong Ying , Ma Yuanyuan , Yan Shi , Yang Yue , Cai Xinxia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDetecting vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), a kind of tumor biomarker, is of significant clinical importance in evaluating the prognosis of patients with cancer. However, laboratory analyses are usually not suitable for point-of-care testing because they are expensive and time consuming. In response to these challenges, we fabricated an origami paper-based microfluidic electrochemical device. To improve the specificity of VEGF-C detection, nanocomposites, synthesized by new methylene blue (NMB), amino-functional single-walled carbon nanotubes (NH2-SWCNTs), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), were used to modify the surface of working electrodes. Results of electrochemical detection showed that the immunosensor had excellent linearity, ranging from 0.01 to 100 ng mL−1 (R2 = 0.988), and the limit of detection was 10 pg mL−1. To confirm the high specificity of the device under real-world conditions, we evaluated the device using clinical serum samples from our hospital. The results demonstrated that the device had an excellent performance and could provide a platform for real-time detection of cancers.
Absence of interleukin-10 reduces progression of shiga toxin-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome
Authors: Pineda Gonzalo Ezequiel , Rearte Bárbara , Todero María Florencia , Bruballa Andrea Cecilia , Bernal Alan Mauro , Fernandez-Brando Romina Jimena , Isturiz Martin Amadeo , Zotta Elsa , Alba-Soto Catalina Dirney , Palermo Marina Sandra , Ramos María Victoria 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), a disease triggered by Shiga toxin (Stx), is characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure. The inflammatory response mediated by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and monocytes is essential to HUS onset. Still, the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines is less clear. The deficiency of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, leads to severe pathology in bacterial infections but also to beneficial effects in models of sterile injury. The aim of this work was to analyze the role of IL-10 during HUS. Control and IL-10 lacking mice (IL-10−/−) were intravenously injected with Stx type 2 (Stx2) and survival rate was evaluated. PMN and circulating and renal pro- and anti-inflammatory factors were analyzed by FACS and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. IL-10−/− mice showed a higher survival associated with lower renal damage reflected by reduced plasma urea and creatinine levels than control mice. Circulating PMN increased at 72 h in both mouse strains accompanied by an up-regulation of CD11b in control mice. In parallel, renal PMN were significantly increased only in control mice after toxin. Plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and corticosterone levels were higher increased in IL-10−/− than control mice. Simultaneously renal TNF-α raised constantly but was accompanied by increased TGF-β levels in IL-10−/− mice. These results demonstrate that the profile of circulating and renal cytokines after Stx2 differed between strains suggesting that balance of these factors could participate in renal protection. We conclude that IL-10 absence has a protective role in an experimental model of HUS by reducing PMN recruitment into kidney and renal damage, and increasing mice survival.
ATLASGAL-selected massive clumps in the inner Galaxy
Authors: Wienen M. , Wyrowski F. , Walmsley C. M. , Csengeri T. , Pillai T. , Giannetti A. , Menten K. M. 
Published: January 2021

Context. Deuteration has been used as a tracer of the evolutionary phases of low- and high-mass star formation. The APEX Telescope Large Area Survey (ATLASGAL) provides an important repository for a detailed statistical study of massive star-forming clumps in the inner Galactic disc at different evolutionary phases.
Aims. We study the amount of deuteration using NH2D in a representative sample of high-mass clumps discovered by the ATLASGAL survey covering various evolutionary phases of massive star formation. The deuterium fraction of NH3 is derived from the NH2D 111−101 ortho transition at ~86 GHz and NH2D 111−101 para line at ~110 GHz. This is refined for the first time by measuring the NH2D excitation temperature directly with the NH2D 212–202 para transition at ~74 GHz. Any variation of NH3 deuteration and ortho-to-para ratio with the evolutionary sequence is analysed.
Methods. Unbiased spectral line surveys at 3 mm were conducted towards ATLASGAL clumps between 85 and 93 GHz with the Mopra telescope and from 84 to 115 GHz using the IRAM 30m telescope. A subsample was followed up in the NH2D transition at 74 GHz with the IRAM 30m telescope. We determined the deuterium fractionation from the column density ratio of NH2D and NH3 and measured the NH2D excitation temperature for the first time from the simultaneous modelling of the 74 and 110 GHz line using MCWeeds. We searched for trends in NH3 deuteration with the evolutionary sequence of massive star formation. We derived the column density ratio from the 86 and 110 GHz transitions as an estimate of the NH2D ortho-to-para ratio.
Results. We find a large range of the NH2D to NH3 column density ratio up to 1.6 ± 0.7 indicating a high degree of NH3 deuteration in a subsample of the clumps. Our analysis yields a clear difference between NH3 and NH2D rotational temperatures for a fraction. We therefore advocate observation of the NH2D transitions at 74 and 110 GHz simultaneously to determine the NH2D temperature directly. We determine a median ortho-to-para column density ratio of 3.7 ± 1.2.
Conclusions. The high detection rate of NH2D confirms a high deuteration previously found in massive star-forming clumps. Using the excitation temperature of NH2D instead of NH3 is needed to avoid an overestimation of deuteration. We measure a higher detection rate of NH2D in sources at early evolutionary stages. The deuterium fractionation shows no correlation with evolutionary tracers such as the NH3 (1,1) line width, or rotational temperature.