bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growing Broiler Chickens Using Compound Feed Enriched with Antioxidant “Bisphenol-5”
Authors: Shilov V N , Semina O V , Khakimova G A , Minnebaev D F , Akhmadullin R M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article consider the use of the antioxidant “Bisphenol-5” in compound feed, as it can stabilize lipids, vitamins and other unsaturated compounds in feed used for growing broiler chickens; chemotherapeutic protection of young poultry against oxidative stress can be provided by selecting the optimal doses of the preparation in the diet. The research is based on the scientific and production experiment, as well as on the physiological experiment to study the digestibility and daily balance of nitrogen in experimental chickens. It is shown that reasonable doses of the preparation ensure the regulated lipid-protein metabolism, the increase in live weight; feed conversion and the economic efficiency of growing broiler chickens are significantly increased.
Study of the effect of quicklime on the sludge treatment and dehydration
Authors: Teleshova E N , Petuhova E A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the chemical processes causing the intensification of treatment and dehydration of sludge. Sediments dominate in industrial and domestic wastewaters. The effect of such additive as quicklime on a decrease in the degree of moisture and, accordingly, on a decrease in the volume of treatment facilities’ sludge over time has been studied. It has been proven that adding quicklime leads to an increase in the alkalinity of the sludge.
Optimization of Test Placer Composition for Express Colorimetric Determination of Mobile Forms of Phosphorus in Soil and Water Samples
Authors: Zhevnerov A V , Belopuhov S L , Bagnavets N L , Dmitrevskaya I I , Eliseeva O V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the optimized methods of manufacturing test placers for quantitative and visual-blister colorimetric determination of phosphate ion concentration in a blister cell and a test tube. The test placer contains all the reagents for the analytical reaction. Placers allow the quantitative determination of phosphates in various objects without preliminary preparation of reagent solutions. In a blister cell with a diameter of 6 mm, a much more intense blue color was achieved with a solution layer of no more than 2 mm. The application of reagents to the surface of the silica gel allows them to avoid contact until the chemical analytical reaction takes place. The composition of placers and the conditions for applying reagents are improved. Hydrosulfate ions are able to provide a sufficiently high acidity when adding a few drops of the solution. The reaction proceeds in the volume of the added test solution, which is 2–3 drops.
Filled polyaluminosilicate in LED emitting element design to increase its limit thermoelectric modes
Authors: Ivanov A A , Soldatkin V S , Chermoshentseva A S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The reliability of a LED lamp is conditioned by the need to increase its service life including the lamp in an inhabited spacecraft. The results of a filled polyaluminosilicate application as a heat-conducting intermediate layer, onto which LED chips are bonded, are considered in the article. The filled polyaluminosilicate application in the LED emitting element design allows increasing its operation temperature due to its specific properties.
Implementation and investigation of a pulsed aluminum-air flame
Authors: Egorov A G 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To implement a pulse combustion process in a flow of aerosolized particles, flow aerodynamics investigation and determination of the time of aluminum particle residence in a sudden expansion combustion chamber was conducted. The identified flow aerodynamics features and obtained values of the local residence time of aluminum particles made it possible to develop a combustion chamber for a pulse power plant. The temperature field of a pulsed aluminum-air flame was obtained and the type of temperature-time relationship along the flame axis was established in the course of plant tests. Integrated radiation flux density and distribution of radiant energy intensity of a pulsed aluminum-air flame was determined in the wavelength spectral range λ = 1.0 … 4.5 μm. The investigation results obtained in this work can be applied to create pulse power plants fired with powdered metal combustible.
Selection of an effective catalyst for the stage isoamyl alcohol dehydration during synthesis isoprene from isopentane
Authors: Aminova E K , Islamutdinova A A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The annual growth in the consumption of isoprene rubbers dictates manufacturers to searching for the new methods of its production. An intermediate product in the production of isoprene rubbers is the synthesis of a monomer - isoprene. The main industrial methods for its production in Russia are synthesis processes from isobutylene and formaldehyde and two-stage dehydrogenation of isopentane. The article analyzes and selects an effective catalyst for the stage of isoamyl alcohol dehydration in the synthesis of isoprene from isopentane.
Multi-parametric optimization of the catalytic pyrolysis of pig hair into bio-oil
Authors: Orugba Henry Oghenero , Chukwuneke Jeremiah Lekwuwa , Olisakwe Henry Chukwuemeka , Digitemie Innocent Eteli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe low yield and poor fuel properties of bio-oil have made the pyrolysis production process uneconomic and also limited bio-oil usage. Proper manipulation of key pyrolysis variables is paramount in order to produce high-quality bio-oil that requires less upgrading. In this research, the pyrolysis of pig hair was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor using a calcium oxide catalyst derived from calcination of turtle shells. In the pyrolysis process, the influence of three variables—temperature, heating rate and catalyst weight—on two responses—bio-oil yield and its higher heating value (HHV)—were investigated using Response Surface Methodology. A second-order regression-model equation was obtained for each response. The optimum yield of the bio-oil and its HHV were obtained as 51.03% and 21.87 mJ/kg, respectively, at 545oC, 45.17oC/min and 2.504 g of pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and catalyst weight, respectively. The high R2 values of 0.9859 and 0.9527, respectively, obtained for the bio-oil yield and its HHV models using analysis of variance revealed that the models can adequately predict the bio-oil yield and its HHV from the pyrolysis process.
Intrinsic Capacity Predicts Negative Health Outcomes in Older Adults
Authors: Stolz Erwin , Mayerl Hannes , Freidl Wolfgang , Roller-Wirnsberger Regina , Gill Thomas M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Monitoring trajectories of intrinsic capacity (IC) in older adults has been suggested by the World Health Organization as a means to inform prevention to avoid or delay negative health outcomes. Due to a lack of longitudinal studies, it is currently unclear how IC changes over time and whether repeatedly measured IC predicts negative health outcomes.

Methods
Based on 4 751 repeated observations of IC (range = 0–100) during 21 years of follow-up among 754 older adults 70 and older, we assessed longitudinal trajectories of IC, and whether time-varying IC predicted the risk of chronic activities of daily living disability, long-term nursing home stay, and mortality using joint models.

Results
Average IC declined progressively from 77 to 11 points during follow-up, with substantial heterogeneity between older adults. Adjusted for sociodemographics and chronic diseases, a 1-point lower IC value was associated with a 7% increase in the risk of activities of daily living disability, a 6% increase in the risk of a nursing home stay, and a 5% increase in mortality. Accuracy for 5- and 10-year predictions based on up to 3 repeated measurements of IC ranged between moderate and good (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.76–0.82).

Conclusions
Our study indicates that IC declines progressively and that it predicts negative health outcomes among older adults. Therefore, regular monitoring of IC could work as an early warning system informing preventive efforts.
The Transition from Pediatric to Adult Health Care in Young Adults with Spina Bifida: Demographic and Physician-Related Correlates
Authors: Stiles-Shields Colleen , Kritikos Tessa K. , Starnes Meredith , Smith Zoe R. , Holmbeck Grayson N. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
This study examined the transition to adult health care for individuals with spina bifida (SB) and explored demographic and relational associations with transition status.

Method:
Young adults with SB (18–30; n = 326) were recruited to complete an anonymous, online survey. Frequencies of reported experiences, behaviors, and satisfaction with the transition to adult health care were examined. Nonparametric tests and exploratory hierarchical regressions were used to examine demographic and relational factors with physicians between those (1) who had and had not yet transitioned and (2) who did and did not return to pediatric care.

Results:
Most of the sample reported having transitioned to adult health care, with three-quarters reporting that their primary physician is an adult primary care doctor. Individuals who had transitioned were more likely to be younger (p = 0.01) and to not have a shunt (p = 0.003). Beyond the effect of age and shunt status, relational factors with pediatric providers were not associated with transition (p > 0.1). After transition, over one-third reported returning to a pediatric provider. Those who did not return to pediatric care were more likely to have myelomeningocele, be a full-time student, and to not have a shunt (p < 0.001). Beyond the effect of age and shunt status, lower ratings of communication with adult providers were associated with a return to pediatric care (p = 0.04).

Conclusion:
The results highlight the need for additional research about barriers and facilitators to the transition to adult health care to target interventions that support this critical milestone in young adults with SB.
Comparison of perioperative hidden blood loss and analysis of risk factors in elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures with intramedullary fixation at different altitudes
Authors: Ma Xianzhi , Lv Ruiqiang , Ma Sichao , Liu Ming , Han Shengshou , Yan Wenqi , Wang Kai , Qi Wanle 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
To compare the perioperative hidden blood loss (HBL) and analyze its risk factors in elderly patients undergoing intramedullary fixation after intertrochanteric fractures at different altitudes.

Materials and methods:
This prospective study collected the perioperative clinical data of 120 elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures from February 2020 to February 2021 at different altitudes. Twenty-nine cases were from Nanjing, where an average altitude is 10 m (group A); 73 patients were from Xining, where an average altitude is 2300 m (group B); and 20 cases were from Yushu where an average altitude is 3600 m (group C). Demographic data of the included patients, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin, hematocrit, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), preoperative and postoperative HBL, intraoperative visible blood loss, and perioperative blood transfusion rate, and other relevant indicators were recorded and the clinical data of the 3 groups were summarized.

Results:
The total HBL, preoperative HBL, and postoperative HBL of group C were greater than those of groups A and B, that is, total HBL: 740±380 mL in group A versus 850±530 mL in group B versus 1090±180 mL in group C, F=3.551, P=0.032; preoperative HBL: 460±320 mL in group A versus 410±300 mL in group B versus 590±120 mL in group C, F=9.086, P=0.011; Postoperative HBL: 270±220 mL in group A versus 440±420 mL in group B versus 500±140 mL in group C, F=13.138, P=0.001. Multiple linear regression analysis found that admission PT and APTT, fracture classification AO/OTA 31-A2.2–A3.3, male, body mass index, intraoperative blood transfusion, injury to operation time >5 days, longer operation time, and high altitude all were independent risk factors for perioperative HBL increase. There was a negative correlation between low altitude and hemoglobin on the first postoperative day and HBL.

Conclusion:
Elderly patients undergoing intramedullary fixation after intertrochanteric fractures develop massive HBL during the perioperative period, especially in patients in high altitude areas. Regular blood tests, PT, APTT during the perioperative period are vital to avoid perioperative anemia. Shortening the perioperative period and operation time will significantly reduce HBL.
Association of low birthweight and premature birth with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tsujimoto Yasushi , Kataoka Yuki , Banno Masahiro , Taito Shunsuke , Kokubo Masayo , Masuzawa Yuko , Yamamoto Yoshiko 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Growing evidence suggests that women born preterm or small have an increased risk of experiencing hypertensive disorders during pregnancy; however, a quantitative summary of the evidence on this issue is unavailable.

Objective:
We aimed to systematically review the literature to describe the association between being born preterm, low birthweight (LBW), or small for gestational age (SGA), and future gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, or eclampsia.

Methods:
We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ICTRP databases. We included all cohort and case–control studies examining the association between LBW, preterm birth, or SGA and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. We pooled the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. We assessed the certainty of evidence for each outcome using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria.

Results:
Eleven studies were identified, totalling 752 316 participants. Being born preterm, LBW, or SGA was associated with gestational hypertension [pooled odds ratio (OR), 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15–1.50; moderate certainty of evidence] and preeclampsia (pooled OR, 1.35; 95% CI 1.23–1.48; moderate certainty of evidence). No study measured eclampsia as an outcome.

Conclusion:
Women born preterm, LBW, or SGA have an increased risk of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. The course of the mother's own birth might be used to identify women at risk of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.
Utilization of Chest Pain Decision Aids in a Community Hospital Emergency Department: A Mixed-methods Implementation Study
Authors: Bean Glenn , Krishnan Uma , Stone Jason R. , Khan Madiha , Silva Angela 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Chest pain is a common reason for emergency department (ED) visits. Evidence-based decision aids assessing risk for an adverse cardiac event are underused in community hospital emergency care. This study explored the acceptability, barriers, facilitators, and potential strategies for implementation of the HEART Score risk stratification tool, accelerated diagnostic pathway, and shared decision-making visual aid with physicians and chest pain patients ages >45 in a community hospital ED.

Methods:
Single center, mixed-methods study. (1) Physician semistructured interviews using The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research for systematic analysis. (2) Patient and physician surveys. (3) 16-week intervention of physician training and pilot testing of decision aids with ED patients.

Results:
Physician interviews (n = 19); key facilitators: electronic medical record decision support, ease of use, risk stratification and disposition support, and shared decision-making training. Key barriers: time constraints, patient ability, and/or willingness to participate in shared decision-making, lack of integration with medical record and change in practice workflow. Patient study participants (n = 184) with a survey response rate of 92% (n = 170). Most patients (85%) were satisfied with the shared decision-making visual aid. Physicians surveyed (n = 84) with a response rate of 50% (n = 42). Most physicians, 95% (n = 40), support use of the HEART Score, with limited acceptance of the shared decision-making visual aid of 57% (n = 24).

Conclusions:
Using evidence-based chest pain decision aids in a community hospital ED is feasible and acceptable. Key barriers and facilitators for implementation were identified. Further research in community hospitals is needed to verify findings, examine generalizability, and test implementation strategies.
Impact of intravascular ultrasound and final kissing balloon dilatation on long-term clinical outcome in percutaneous revascularization with 1-stent strategy for left main coronary artery stenosis in drug-eluting stent era
Authors: Yoon Jae Yong , Lee Jang Hoon , Choi Hyohun , Park Hyuk Kyoon , Lee Eunkyu , Kim Myeong Seop , Kwon Youngjoon , Jang Se Yong , Bae Myung Hwan , Yang Dong Heon , Park Hun Sik , Cho Yongkeun , Chae Shung Chull 
Published: September 2021

Background
It remains uncertain whether intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) use and final kissing balloon (FKB) dilatation would be standard care of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a simple 1-stent technique in unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis. This study sought to investigate the impact of IVUS use and FKB dilatation on long-term major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in PCI with a simple 1-stent technique for unprotected LMCA stenosis.

Methods
Between June 2006 and December 2012, 255 patients who underwent PCI with 1 drug-eluting stent for LMCA stenosis were analyzed. Mean follow-up duration was 1663 ± 946 days. Long-term MACEs were defined as death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and repeat revascularizations.

Results
During the follow-up, 72 (28.2%) MACEs occurred including 38 (14.9%) deaths, 21 (8.2%) nonfatal MIs and 13 (5.1%) revascularizations. The IVUS examination and FKB dilatation were done in 158 (62.0%) and 119 (46.7%), respectively. IVUS use (20.3 versus 41.2%; log-rank P < 0.001), not FKB dilatation (30.3 versus 26.5%; log-rank P = 0.614), significantly reduced MACEs. In multivariate analysis, IVUS use was a negative predictor of MACEs [hazards ratio 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.29–0.88; P = 0.017], whereas FKB dilatation (hazard ratio 1.68; 95% CI, 1.01–2.80; P = 0.047) was a positive predictor of MACEs. In bifurcation LMCA stenosis, IVUS use (18.7 versus 48.0%; log-rank P < 0.001) significantly reduced MACEs. In nonbifurcation LMCA stenosis, FKB dilatation showed a trend of increased MACEs (P = 0.076).

Conclusion
IVUS examination is helpful in reducing clinical events in PCI for LMCA bifurcation lesions, whereas mandatory FKB dilatation after the 1-stent technique might be harmful in nonbifurcation LMCA stenosis.
AI-Based Quantitative CT Analysis of Temporal Changes According to Disease Severity in COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Ardali Duzgun Selin , Durhan Gamze , Basaran Demirkazik Figen , Irmak Ilim , Karakaya Jale , Akpinar Erhan , Gulsun Akpinar Meltem , Inkaya Ahmet Cagkan , Ocal Serpil , Topeli Arzu , Ariyurek Orhan Macit 
Published: September 2021

Objective
To quantitatively evaluate computed tomography (CT) parameters of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia an artificial intelligence (AI)-based software in different clinical severity groups during the disease course.

Methods
From March 11 to April 15, 2020, 51 patients (age, 18–84 years; 28 men) diagnosed and hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia with a total of 116 CT scans were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into mild (n = 12), moderate (n = 31), and severe (n = 8) groups based on clinical severity. An AI-based quantitative CT analysis, including lung volume, opacity score, opacity volume, percentage of opacity, and mean lung density, was performed in initial and follow-up CTs obtained at different time points. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to find the diagnostic ability of quantitative CT parameters for discriminating severe from nonsevere pneumonia.

Results
In baseline assessment, the severe group had significantly higher opacity score, opacity volume, higher percentage of opacity, and higher mean lung density than the moderate group (all P ≤ 0.001). Through consecutive time points, the severe group had a significant decrease in lung volume (P = 0.006), a significant increase in total opacity score (P = 0.003), and percentage of opacity (P = 0.007). A significant increase in total opacity score was also observed for the mild group (P = 0.011). Residual opacities were observed in all groups. The involvement of more than 4 lobes (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 65.26%), total opacity score greater than 4 (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 64.21), total opacity volume greater than 337.4 mL (sensitivity, 80.95%; specificity, 84.21%), percentage of opacity greater than 11% (sensitivity, 80.95%; specificity, 88.42%), total high opacity volume greater than 10.5 mL (sensitivity, 95.24%; specificity, 66.32%), percentage of high opacity greater than 0.8% (sensitivity, 85.71%; specificity, 80.00%) and mean lung density HU greater than −705 HU (sensitivity, 57.14%; specificity, 90.53%) were related to severe pneumonia.

Conclusions
An AI-based quantitative CT analysis is an objective tool in demonstrating disease severity and can also assist the clinician in follow-up by providing information about the disease course and prognosis according to different clinical severity groups.
MicroRNA-541-5p REgulates Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Activity by Modulating the HMGB1 Expression
Authors: Shen Jie , Yan Jun , Wang Qiuyun , Zhuang Lei , Luo Yan 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by excessive production of inflammatory factors and alveolar epithelial damage, type II alveolar epithelial (ATII) cells participate in the repairment of the damaged lung tissue in ALI. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play crucial roles in the amelioration of various inflammation-induced diseases, including ALI. However, the biological function and the mechanisms of action of miRNAs in the regulation of inflammation, and how ATII cells repair damaged lung tissue in ALI remain unknown. In this study, a model of ALI was established using LPS, and ATII cells were isolated and treated with LPS. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed the injury to lung tissues. In this study we found that miR-541-5p expression was significantly decreased in ALI tissue and in the LPS-induced ATII cell model. Additionally, the LPS-induced model showed suppression of ATII cell proliferation and activity. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-541-5p was found to promote cell activity and proliferation in the LPS-induced ATII cell model. Moreover, a luciferase assay illustrated that HMGB1 is a target of miR-541-5p, HMGB1 knockdown blocked the inhibitory effect of miR-541-5p on LPS-induced ATII cells. Ultimately, our study demonstrated that expression of p38, JNK, and ERK in LPS-induced ATII cells increased significantly. These results suggest that miR-541-5p is a key effector in ALI tissue, and that LPS-induced ATII cells act by regulating HMGB1 expression. This effect may be related to excessive activation of the JNK/ERK/p38 signaling pathway.