bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Non-vascularized Bone Grafting and Internal Fixation in the Treatment of Unstable Scaphoid Waist Nonunion
Authors: Kim Jin Young , Lee Sang Lim , Park Sung Yoon , Kim KyungHwi , Yeo Ji Hyun 
Published: June 2021

Background: When nonunion of scaphoid waist is treated with non-vascularized bone grafting with internal fixation, bony union would be affected not only type of bone graft but also fixation method. Thus, we attempted to investigate whether the bony union depends on how surgeons combine bone grafting and internal fixation. Methods: We treated 38 consecutive patients with unstable nonunion of scaphoid waist. The patients were treated with one of three types of non-vascularized bone grafting and internal fixation by random sampling, regardless of the configuration of the nonunion; cortico-cancellous bone grafting with Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation group (12 cases), cortico-cancellous bone grafting with headless compression screw fixation group (13 cases) and cancellous bone grafting with K-wire fixation group (13 cases). We compared “union rate” and “time to union” between groups with statistical analysis. We described clinical features of “failure to union” cases. Results: The mean time to union of cancellous bone grafting with K-wire fixation group was significantly shorter than those of other groups. There was also significant difference in mean time to union between cortico-cancellous bone grafting with K-wire fixation group and cancellous bone grafting with K-wire fixation group (when the type of bone grafting was different). All the “failure to union” cases were sclerotic (Herbert type D2) nonunion treated by cortico-cancellous bone grafting. Conclusions: When treating unstable nonunion of scaphoid waist with non-vascularized bone grafting with internal fixation, cancellous bone grafting with K-wire fixation seems to be advantageous in terms of mean time to union. It seems that both bone grafting and fixation method affected “mean time to union” but the type of bone grafting was more influential in achieving union. The failure to union might be frequent in case of Herbert type D2 nonunion combined with cortico-cancellous bone grafting.
Communal Incarnation: The Corporate, Collective Jesus of Paul’s Letters
Authors: Zeddies Michael T. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In his authentic letters, Paul describes a historical, human Jesus, but is strangely silent about the events of Jesus’ life. At the same time, Paul describes the figure of Christ using participatory language, and provides no reason to think that this collective embodiment of Christ does not also apply to Jesus’ historical body. I propose that Paul’s historical Jesus was therefore a corporate figure, embodied by the Jewish, pre-Christian community to which Jesus the Nazarene belonged. I present the literary background for this proposal, and explain how the evidence in Paul for a historical Jesus should be interpreted in a corporate or collective sense. I also provide a typological derivation of the name ‘Jesus’ in Paul.
What Is a Composite Hypostasis? Leontius of Jerusalem, Maximus the Confessor and the Nestorian Challenge
Authors: Krausmüller Dirk 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
At the Fifth Ecumenical Council the concept of a ‘composite hypostasis’ was enshrined in dogma. This implied that after the incarnation the divine and human natures had the status of parts that constituted a single whole. In order to make this concept intelligible a comparison was drawn with the human compound where two different natures, the soul and the body, formed one being. In the seventh century Maximus, the foremost Chalcedonian theologian of the time, came to the conclusion that the differences between the incarnated Word and a human individual were too great for a strict comparison to be useful. Yet he continued to defend the notion of composition. Indeed, his views on this point have been lauded as an important step in the development of doctrine. This article seeks to show that composition itself had become problematic, and that it was relentless Nestorian polemic that induced Maximus, and his contemporary Leontius of Jerusalem, to change their understanding of the concept.
First record and diagnosis of a male Haliplus (Liaphlus) madagascariensis Vondel & Bergsten and additional faunistic records of African Haliplidae (Coleoptera: Adephaga)
Authors: van Vondel Bernhard J. , Matsumoto Keita 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The male of Haliplus (Liaphlus) madagascariensis Vondel & Bergsten, 2012 is illustrated, and additional faunistic records are noted. Additional description is given of the variation in the elytral maculation of H. (L.) alluaudi Régimbart, 1903. Records for specimens of African Haliplidae not yet recorded by Vondel (2010) and Vondel & Bergsten (2012) are presented. Some new country records are established and distribution maps are presented.
Comparative Political Thought: What Are We Looking At?
Authors: Freeden Michael 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Comparative political thought should focus on exploring and interpreting a flexible, pliant and mutating redistribution and re-assembly of political discourses of ideational and cultural significance across the planet. While exploring their local variants, its role is not simply that of decentring or ‘provincializing’ an era or an historical epoch, but of identifying the major political thought-practices in which all societies engage.
Feminism in Radical Democracy and Japanese Political Theory: Mouffe, Pateman, Young, and “Essentialism”
Authors: Yamada Ryūsaku 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper examines feminist arguments in radical democracy and Japanese responses to them. Although feminist insights are significant intellectual sources of radical democracy, recent political theorists have tended to exclusively consider radical democracy as agonistic pluralism. The radical democratic thinker Chantal Mouffe, who is very popular among Japanese political theorists and philosophers, criticizes the “essentialist” tendency of two feminist political theorists, namely Carole Pateman and Iris Marion Young. First this paper examines Mouffe’s critique of the two theorists. Second, it evaluates the relevance of Mouffe’s criticism of Pateman and Young by reconsidering their ideas on democracy and citizenship. Third, it engages the works of a few Japanese political theorists who respond to the issue of essentialism and points out the problems involved in the introduction of radical democracy in Japan and in Japanese feminist political theory. Finally, this paper concludes that we are still in the early stages of introducing and absorbing foreign feminist political theories into Japan as opposed to developing original Japanese feminist political theory to share with the world.
The Safavid Machiavelli: Shāh ʿAbbās I and the “Great Man” Theory Revisited
Authors: Syros Vasileios 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Political discourse in various countries around the world has been characterized by disillusionment with governments’ failure to address pressing concerns of today’s societies. It is also possible to discern a kind of nostalgia about strong, charismatic political leaders, which has lent poignancy to the question of whether great rulers are born or are the product of a specific historical milieu and the confluence of social or cultural factors. The focus of this article will be the accession to power of Shāh ʿAbbās I (1571–1629; r. 1588–1629) and the policies the emperor implemented to redesign and reorganize the Safavid state, as depicted by the court historian Iskandar Beg Munshī (ca. 1560–ca. 1632). I argue that Iskandar Beg’s World-Adorning History of ʿAbbās speaks to modern leadership trait theories about the existence of certain qualities that define a good leader and set him/her apart from other people. At the same time, Iskandar Beg formulates in embryonic form the notion that possessing the fundamental traits and properties associated with an optimal leadership style is never a panacea or absolute guarantee for political success nor does it suffice to yield desirable results. The methods and techniques required for a long reign are the second salient aspect of Iskandar Beg’s portrayal of Shāh ʿAbbās. Iskandar Beg engages with some of the key themes that inform the political theory of Niccolò Machiavelli (1469–1527) as well. Iskandar Beg’s narrative invites comparison with The Prince, published more than one century before the completion of the History. Iskandar Beg was unlikely to have had access or have been exposed to the Florentine author’s ideas. But his description of Shāh ʿAbbās’ leadership practices bears uncanny resemblance to Machiavelli’s works, particularly the portions in The Prince that discuss the cases of rulers who acquired power thanks to their own virtue or fortune.
Sam C. Nolutshungu: Race, Reform, Resistance and the Black Consciousness Movement
Authors: Omar Ayesha 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper excavates and historically contextualizes the political theory of a largely neglected thinker within South African black intellectual history, Sam C. Nolutshungu. It seeks to rectify the current imbalance in South African intellectual history which largely neglects or effaces the contribution of black thinkers in the colonial or Apartheid period notwithstanding significant black contributions in theorizing racial submission, domination, reform and popular resistance in the context of state oppression. In this paper I argue that two such areas of inquiry are present in Nolutshungu’s overall position on political reform. The first is with regards to his intervention in the race- class debates which dominated political and intellectual discussions during the late Apartheid period. Here, Nolutshungu, argues that political domination could not be reformed with simple concessions as a result of its racially exclusionary nature. Thus Nolutshungu argued that race rather than class was the fundamental source of domination. The second is the theoretical evaluation of the social and political significance of the Black Consciousness Movement as an important symbol of resistance and racial solidarity. The link between these two aspects of his thought, I argue are not insignificant and should be carefully considered. Nolutshungu’s valuable analysis on the route to political reform is strengthened by his evaluation of the role of the Black Consciousness Movement, which for Nolutshungu was an instance of how resistance was mobilized along racial rather than class lines. Moreover, the Black Consciousness Movement not only prioritized the question of race as a primary factor in its mode of resistance but served to illustrate how and why meaningful change in South Africa was contingent on the abolition of racial oppression and the overturning of the institutions of Apartheid. Finally, I argue that there is a contextual urgency in undertaking projects that seek to establish the importance of black intellectual ideas and reclaiming these ideas in order to give content and meaning to contested contemporary debates on justice, legitimacy, liberty, equality and land rights in South Africa. While the discourse of the negotiated settlement and reconciliation sparks intense debate often resulting in greater forms of racial polarisation, historical rumination and reflection offers a powerful and enduring opportunity for collective inquiry.
Confucianism’s Prospects, Perfectionism and Liberalism
Authors: O’Dwyer Shaun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this article, I recapitulate the main arguments of my book “Confucianism’s Prospects: a Reassessment” in response to commentators on the book. I elaborate on its capabilities approach normative perspective, its evaluation of Confucian cultural attributions to contemporary East Asian societies, its criticisms of communitarian and political perfectionist arguments for Confucian democracy, and its alternative, modest vision for Confucianism as one of many comprehensive doctrines that can find a safe home within the civil societies of East Asia’s representative democracies.
The Place of Confucianism in Pluralist East Asia
Authors: Jiang Dongxian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this commentary on Shaun O’Dwyer’s Confucianism’s Prospects, I raise three challenges to the arguments presented in the book. First, against his empirical claim that East Asian societies have already become pluralistic, I show that there are important empirical studies supporting the “Confucian heritage” thesis that O’Dwyer rejects. Second, against his anti-perfectionist position, I argue that there are some significant perfectionist connotations in his use of the capabilities approach which are in tension with his critique of Confucian and liberal perfectionisms. Third, against his argument that contemporary Confucians have good reasons to embrace a liberal democracy and pluralistic public culture, I argue that the reasons he offers are not solid enough to convince his Confucian rivals.
Ethical Individualism and the Prospect of Confucian Political Theory
Authors: Kim Sungmoon 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In his recent book, Shaun O’Dwyer defends liberal democracy as the only legitimate mode of political system in the East Asian context by critiquing various proposals of Confucian democracy and meritocracy. Underlying O’Dwyer’s critique of Confucian political theory is the seamless connection between ethical individualism (à la Kant), pragmatic democracy (à la Dewey), and political liberalism (à la Rawls), which in his view cannot be adequately accommodated by any version of Confucian political theory, unless it abandons its Confucian essence. This paper argues that the relation between these three philosophical components are far more complex than is rendered by O’Dwyer and that Confucian democracy can be justified on ethical, pragmatic, and progressive grounds.
Unnecessarily Modest: A Feminist Response to O’Dwyer’s Confucianism’s Prospects: A Reassessment
Authors: Mattice Sarah 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Shaun O’Dwyer’s Confucianism’s Prospects: A Reassessment is a major contribution to the fields of both Confucian philosophy and political philosophy. In this review essay, I highlight O’Dwyer’s commitment to feminist concerns while raising questions about his skepticism about the intersection of Confucian and feminist philosophies.
The clinical utility of the ICD-11 classification of personality disorders and related traits: A preliminary scoping review
Authors: Tracy Mikaela , Tiliopoulos Nikolaos , Sharpe Louise , Bach Bo 
Published: June 2021

Objectives: A diagnostic system that fails to deliver clinically useful information will not be utilized and consequently will be unable to provide valuable data for health policy and clinical decision making. Therefore, it is imperative to obtain an accurate depiction of the clinical utility of the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) Personality Disorder (PD) model. The current mixed-methods systematic review aimed to determine the clinical utility of the ICD-11 PD classification system. Method: An electronic screening of six databases was conducted and resulting studies were subjected to specific exclusion criteria, which elicited eight studies of interest. Study characteristics were tabulated and methodological quality was appraised. Results: Four studies offered strong support for the model’s clinical utility, three offered some support accompanied by notable limitations and one study could only offer criticisms. Conclusion: Future investigation of the ICD-11 PD classification system’s (a) communicative value between clinicians and their patients, and between clinicians and their patient’s families; (b) ease of use; and (c) feasibility in terms of practical application is required to achieve a complete understanding of its clinical utility and ultimately bring clarity to the current ambiguous findings.
Antipsychotic-induced supersensitivity – A reappraisal
Authors: Lugg William 
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Tardive dyskinesia, psychotic relapse and treatment-refractory psychosis have long been associated. A common underlying mechanism involving antipsychotic-induced ‘supersensitivity’, albeit in different brain pathways, was proposed as early as 1978. This piece seeks to reappraise the concept and potential implications of antipsychotic-induced supersensitivity. Conclusions: Evidence increasingly suggests that chronic antipsychotic exposure induces neuroadaptive physiological changes in dopaminergic, and other, neurotransmitter systems that may render some individuals more vulnerable to psychotic relapse - including those receiving continuous antipsychotic treatment. It is possible that in treating every episode of psychosis with prolonged or indefinite antipsychotic therapy, we paradoxically increase the risk of psychotic relapse in a significant proportion of people. A greater appreciation of supersensitivity may allow us to optimise any potential benefits of antipsychotics while minimising the risk of inadvertent iatrogenic harms. More research is needed to improve our understanding of the underlying neurophysiology of supersensitivity and to better identify which individuals are most vulnerable to its development. It is time we paid more attention to the concept, emerging evidence and potential implications of antipsychotic-induced supersensitivity and, where appropriate, adjusted our practice accordingly.
COVID-19 Pandemic, Lockdown and the Indian Labour Market: Evidence from Periodic Labour Force Survey 2018–2019
Authors: Bhatt Vasavi , Bahl Shweta , Sharma Ajay 
Published: June 2021

Using the PLFS 2018-19, this study intends to analyse current labour market from the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic, subsequent lockdown and the expected slowdown in the Indian economy. We explore the questions such as: What share of workers will be able to work from home? Which are the vulnerable groups of workers in the labour market, that are likely to be the most affected? We show that 18-19% of non-farm workers are engaged in work from home (WFH) occupations, with women and urban areas having larger share of these workers. We find that 32 (10) % of non-farm workers in rural (urban) areas are vulnerable and face higher risk of job loss during a lockdown. JEL Codes: J10, J21, J63, J80, D69
Psychological wellbeing and mental health amongst medical undergraduates: A descriptive study assessing more than 1,000 medical students in Sri Lanka
Authors: Dahanayake Dulangi , Rajapakse Harshini , Wickramasinghe Anuprabha , Chandradasa Miyuru , Rohanachandra Yasodha , Perera Sayuri , Nillo Anne-Marie , Molodynski Andrew 
Published: June 2021

Background: Studies from around the world have shown higher rates of anxiety, depression, alcohol and other drug use, and burnout in medical students. Aims: The aim of this study was to identify the socio-demographic factors and severity of difficulties Sri Lankan medical students face regarding psychological wellbeing and burnout. Method: This one-off survey used a cross-sectional design, assessing substance use, psychological wellbeing, and burnout using the CAGE, GHQ-12, and OLBI. The survey was open to all medical students in six universities in Sri Lanka. Chi-square analysis was used to assess the statistical significance related to categorical dependent variables and one-way ANOVA for continuous dependent variables. Results: A higher prevalence of diagnosed mental health conditions was found following admission to the medical course in comparison prior to admission. Sixty-two percent of students had a score of more than 2 on the GHQ-12 indicating caseness. The OLBI identified exhaustion in 79% of students. The CAGE questionnaire was positive in 4.8% of students. Conclusions: Only a small proportion of students are recognizing their mental health difficulties and seeking help. Further understanding is required as to why this is, as well as re-evaluation of the demands of the curriculum. Effective ways of regularly identifying and providing practical and evidence-based support for mental health problems in medical and other undergraduates need to be identified and introduced.
Changes in Attachment and Commitment in Couples Transitioning to Parenthood
Authors: Lapolice Thériault Rose , Brassard Audrey , Gingras Anne-Sophie , Brault-Labbé Anne , Lafontaine Marie-France , Péloquin Katherine 
Published: June 2021

This study examined whether attachment predicts changes in commitment and whether commitment predicts changes in attachment in both partners during the transition to parenthood. Both partners of 93 couples completed online questionnaires individually at the second trimester of pregnancy and at 4 months postpartum. Autoregressive cross-lagged path analyses based on the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model tested the bidirectional associations between attachment dimensions (anxiety and avoidance) and three modes of commitment (optimal, over-commitment, and under-commitment). Results revealed that for both partners, prenatal attachment avoidance was associated with a decrease in optimal commitment and an increase in under-commitment from pre- to postpartum. Fathers’ attachment anxiety was associated with a decrease in mothers’ under-commitment. Furthermore, prenatal optimal commitment was associated with a decrease in attachment avoidance, whereas under-commitment was associated with an increase in attachment avoidance. Fathers’ prenatal over-commitment was associated with an increase in their own attachment anxiety and avoidance. These results highlight how attachment insecurities and relationship commitment interrelate during this major transition.
Measuring the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Patients With Diabetes Mellitus—The Design and Development Process
Authors: Kusumo Mahendro Prasetyo , Prabandari Yayi Suryo , Dewi Fatwa Sari Tetra 
Published: June 2021

Introduction Health behavior is important to control Diabetes Mellitus (DM) complications. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaires are needed to assess healthy behavior. This research aimed to design and develop instruments to measure KAP of diabetic patients in the control of fasting blood glucose (FBG). Methods Evaluation of the validity and reliability was assessed by calculating the score of internal consistency, testing the validity of the items by Pearson product moment correlation test, and confirmatory factor analysis. The validity and reliability tests were done at primary care centers in Yogyakarta. This study was conducted from August to October 2019. There were three stages of validity testing and one stage of reliability testing. Results The results of the knowledge variable validity test showed 16 question items were valid, while the attitude variable had 23 valid question items and the practice variable had 26 valid question items. The Cronbach Alpha scores of the KAP questionnaire were 0.597; 0.777; 0.824, with all values > r for each table (0.344; 0.361; 0.355), respectively. The questionnaire is concluded as valid and reliable if it is able to measure variables well and can be used repeatedly in the same conditions and give the same results. Questionnaires concerning KAP in controlling FBG are needed to support changes in healthy behaviors of patients with DM. Conclusion The questionnaire to assess KAP proved to be valid and reliable. It is hoped that psychometric research concerning this questionnaire continues in various countries as a basis for improving these instruments.