bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trehalose/sodium hyaluronate eye drops in post-cataract ocular surface disorders
Authors: Cagini Carlo , Torroni Giovanni , Mariniello Marco , Di Lascio Giampiero , Martone Gianluca , Balestrazzi Angelo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Prospective, randomised, open-label, comparative study to evaluate efficacy of trehalose/sodium hyaluronate eye drops for post-operative discomfort and tear film stability in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Methods
Patients with healthy ocular surface, subclinical, or mild dry eye were enrolled. Tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer test, dry eye symptoms, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and ocular surface disease (OSDI) evaluation were performed pre-operatively and at two and four weeks after surgery. Patients were assigned to receive trehalose/sodium hyaluronate eye drops b.i.d (Group A), or 0.9% unpreserved sodium chloride eye drops b.i.d for 4 weeks (Group B).

Results
One hundred and thirty-five patients were randomised, 66 patients in Group A (73.2 ± 4.5 years) and 69 patients in Group B (74.3 ± 3.8 years), 60.8% females. Fifteen patients (8 Group A) were lost at follow-up. Pre-operatively, no between-group differences were observed, and TBUT increased in Group A between the pre-operative and 2 and 4 week evaluations and was higher in group A than in Group B at 4 weeks. Schirmer test and CFS showed an improvement only in Group A four weeks post-operatively. In Group A an improvement was observed after two and four weeks in foreign body and puncture sensation, whilst a difference in blinking discomfort was observed after four weeks. In Group B we observed an improvement in puncture sensation two and four weeks after surgery. Mean OSDI scores differences between the two groups were significant at four weeks.

Conclusions
Trehalose/sodium hyaluronate eye drops were effective in reducing signs and symptoms of dry eye and improving tear film stability
Characterizing Social Functioning in School-Age Children with Sensory Processing Abnormalities
Authors: John T. St. , Estes A. , Begay K. K. , Munson J. , Reiter M. A. , Dager S. R. , Kleinhans N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractChildren with sensory abnormalities (SAs) have a variety of social problems resulting in poorer social functioning than children with typical development (TD). We describe the relationship between SAs and social functioning in school-age children with SAs, children with TD and a clinical comparison sample of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children with SAs demonstrated impaired social functioning on standardized measures. Children with SAs demonstrated worse social functioning than children with TD and equivalent social functioning to children with ASD. Increased SAs were associated with poorer social functioning across all groups. The results suggest that children with SAs experience clinically significant problems with social functioning and future research is needed to develop interventions to support social functioning in this population.
Housing circumstances and quality of life among local and immigrant population in Norwegian neighbourhoods
Authors: Llopis Alvarez Ana , Müller-Eie Daniela 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper explores the relationship between the concept of quality of life (QoL) and housing circumstances among the immigrant and local population of two neighbourhoods in Norway: Storhaug in Stavanger and Grünerløkka in Oslo. Objective data regarding housing circumstances, e.g., type of residence, dimension or overcrowding, is collected through spatial analysis and desktop-research. Inhabitants of these neighbourhoods are interviewed with the help of map-based questionnaires to collect both objective data regarding these housing circumstances as well as subjective data, e.g. reason of location and personal satisfaction with housing and QoL. The objective and subjective data is analysed geographically and statistically. This study finds that the immigrant group has less favourable housing circumstances than the local population. Circumstances such as type of residence, the reason of location and satisfaction with the residence are predictors for satisfaction with QoL between both groups. Being local or immigrant, as well as the study area, Storhaug and Grünerløkka, or the type of ownership were not significant predictors of satisfaction with QoL in this specific study. These findings provide a base for understanding the importance of housing circumstances for QoL. Due to the high percentage of the immigrant population and its projection in Norway, these investigations are expected to help practitioners identify housing features and design aspects that can impact on the overall satisfaction with QoL of both host and immigrant society.
The role of electricity mix and production efficiency improvements on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of building components and future refurbishment measures
Authors: Potrč Obrecht Tajda , Jordan Sabina , Legat Andraž , Passer Alexander 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
An estimation of the environmental impact of buildings by means of a life cycle assessment (LCA) raises uncertainty related to the parameters that are subject to major changes over longer time spans. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of modifications in the electricity mix and the production efficiency in the chosen reference year on the embodied impacts (i.e., greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions) of building materials and components and the possible impact of this on future refurbishment measures.

Methods
A new LCA methodological approach was developed and implemented that can have a significant impact on the way in which existing buildings are assessed at the end of their service lives. The electricity mixes of different reference years were collected and assessed, and the main datasets and sub-datasets were modified according to the predefined substitution criteria. The influence of the electricity-mix modification and production efficiency were illustrated on a selected existing reference building, built in 1970. The relative contribution of the electricity mix to the embodied impact of the production phase was calculated for four different electricity mixes, with this comprising the electricity mix from 1970, the current electricity mix and two possible future electricity-mix scenarios for 2050. The residual value of the building was also estimated.

Results and discussion
In the case presented, the relative share of the electricity mix GHG emission towards the total value was as high as 20% for separate building components. If this electricity mix is replaced with an electricity mix having greater environmental emissions, the relative contribution of the electricity mix to the total emissions can be even higher. When, by contrast, the modified electricity mix is almost decarbonized, the relative contribution to the total emissions may well be reduced to a point where it becomes negligible. The modification of the electricity mix can also influence the residual value of a building. In the observed case, the differences due to different electricity mixes were in the range of 10%.

Conclusions
It was found that those parameters that are subject to a major change during the reference service period of the building should be treated dynamically in order to obtain reliable results. Future research is foreseen to provide additional knowledge concerning the influence of dynamic parameters on both the use phase and the end-of-life phase of buildings, and these findings will also be important when planning future refurbishment measures.
Multidisciplinary practice guidelines for the diagnosis, genetic counseling and treatment of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas
Authors: Garcia-Carbonero R. , Matute Teresa F. , Mercader-Cidoncha E. , Mitjavila-Casanovas M. , Robledo M. , Tena I. , Alvarez-Escola C. , Arístegui M. , Bella-Cueto M. R. , Ferrer-Albiach C. , Hanzu F. A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arise from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic/parasympathetic neural ganglia, respectively. The heterogeneity in its etiology makes PPGL diagnosis and treatment very complex. The aim of this article was to provide practical clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PPGLs from a multidisciplinary perspective, with the involvement of the Spanish Societies of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN), Medical Oncology (SEOM), Medical Radiology (SERAM), Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SEMNIM), Otorhinolaryngology (SEORL), Pathology (SEAP), Radiation Oncology (SEOR), Surgery (AEC) and the Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO). We will review the following topics: epidemiology; anatomy, pathology and molecular pathways; clinical presentation; hereditary predisposition syndromes and genetic counseling and testing; diagnostic procedures, including biochemical testing and imaging studies; treatment including catecholamine blockade, surgery, radiotherapy and radiometabolic therapy, systemic therapy, local ablative therapy and supportive care. Finally, we will provide follow-up recommendations.
Radiography Students’ Learning During Clinical Placements: Developing Professional Knowing in Practice
Authors: Lundvall Lise-Lott , Dahlström Nils , Dahlgren Madeleine Abrandt 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRadiographers work with image production in medical imaging, a professional field that is undergoing rapid technical development. There is a need to understand how students in radiography education learn within this evolving practice. The aim of this paper is to investigate how radiography students learn professional knowledge in practice during clinical placements. Data collection was through qualitative design using observations and individual interviews. The theoretical framework for the study was a practice-orientated approach. Three themes describing the learning in practice of radiography students emerged as the final result.1) Attuning to practice: Learning through listening and observingshowed how students reconstruct prior knowledge into practical knowing and learn the situated practice.2) Embodied knowing: Learning through acting in practiceillustrated how students reconstructed prior embodied knowledge through their own acting in practice.3) Dealing with the unexpected: Learning from breakdownsexplains how students learn in situations in which unexpected things happen with materiality or relations. On these occasions, relationships with other people were important for developing the students’ knowing about the relationship between materiality, actions and people practicing radiography. This study it gives insight into radiography students’ learning during clinical placement, which can be useful for planning curricula, as well as clinical learning in radiography education.
Stories of change in nutrition from Africa and Asia: an introduction to a special series in Food Security
Authors: Gillespie Stuart , Harris Jody , Nisbett Nicholas , van den Bold Mara 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMalnutrition in all its forms continues to be a massive global challenge, and the past decade has seen a growing political attention to addressing malnutrition in different contexts. What has been largely missing so far, and is in growing demand from countries, is tangible, practical and rigorous insights and lessons (from other countries or contexts) on how to translate this burgeoning political momentum into effective policies and programme implementation strategies – and ultimately impact on the ground. This new climate of learning from experience and evidence led to the launch in 2015 of the Stories of Change initiative. This series presents a second wave of studies from six countries (Tanzania, Rwanda, Vietnam, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Nigeria,) and three Indian states (Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu). These provide clear evidence combined with compelling narratives on what drives success in addressing all forms of malnutrition – evidence that is necessary for turning global momentum into actual results on the ground. This introductory Opinion is published with the first set of papers. It will be followed by a thorough synthesis of papers as a conclusion of the Series. We hope that the lessons embedded in these Stories of Change will inform and inspire the deliberations and outcomes of the UN Food Systems Summit and the second Nutrition for Growth Summit to be held this year, and the actions of those in the global food and nutrition system working for positive change.
Hydrogen effect on the mechanical behaviour and microstructural features of a Fe-Mn-C twinning induced plasticity steel
Authors: Guo Xiaofei , Zaefferer Stefan , Archie Fady , Bleck Wolfgang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe influences of hydrogen on the mechanical properties and the fracture behaviour of Fe-22Mn-0.6C twinning induced plasticity steel have been investigated by slow strain rate tests and fractographic analysis. The steel showed high susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement, which led to 62.9% and 74.2% reduction in engineering strain with 3.1 and 14.4 ppm diffusive hydrogen, respectively. The fracture surfaces revealed a transition from ductile to brittle dominated fracture modes with the rising hydrogen contents. The underlying deformation and fracture mechanisms were further exploited by examining the hydrogen effects on the dislocation substructure, stacking fault probability, and twinning behaviour in pre-strained slow strain rate test specimens and notched tensile specimens using coupled electron channelling contrast imaging and electron backscatter diffraction techniques. The results reveal that the addition of hydrogen promotes planar dislocation structures, earlier nucleation of stacking faults, and deformation twinning within those grains which have tensile axis orientations close to <111>//rolling direction and <112gt;//rolling direction. The developed twin lamellae result in strain localization and micro-voids at grain boundaries and eventually lead to grain boundary decohesion.
Did carbon emission trading system reduce emissions in China? An integrated approach to support policy modeling and implementation
Authors: Aihua Lin , Miglietta Pier Paolo , Toma Pierluigi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs the highest carbon emission country in the world, it is particularly important to investigate the implementation effect of China’s carbon emission trading (CET) system. Because of the complexity to figure out the counterfactual effect when a single unit is treated, the counterfactual and causal effects of the CET system on the carbon emissions are seldom identified. In order to overcome the weakness that counterfactual effect is difficult to be verified and policy persistence is difficult to be estimated, Synthetic Control Method (SCM) and Regression Discontinuity (RD) are combined to better understand and evaluate the impact of CET system in China. Through the analysis, it is found that CET system is effective in China, but the effect is driven by economic development, energy consumption, FDI and other variables. Because of the differences in economic, geographical, technological and environmental conditions in various areas, each Chinese provincial government should formulate a targeted policy according to local conditions, ensuring an economic and environmentally sustainable growth in the future.
Innovative, sustainable, and circular agricultural systems for the future
Authors: Rahmann Gerold , Azim Khalid , Brányiková Irena , Chander Mahesh , David Wahyudi , Erisman Jan Willem , Grimm Daniel , Hammermeister Andrew , Ji Li , Kuenz Anja , Løes Anne-Kristin , Wan-Mohtar Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad , Neuhoff Daniel , Niassy Saliou , Olowe Victor , Schoeber Mia , Shade Jessica , Ullmann Jörg , van Huis Arnold 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis special issue presents the outcomes from “Designing sustainable and circular agricultural systems for the year 2100,” the joint scientific workshop of ISOFAR, the Thünen-Institute, and INRA-Morocco, which was held from November 14 to 16, 2019 in Marrakesh, Morocco. Nineteen scientists from a broad array of background and nationalities came together with the understanding that food security globally is at risk, especially in the post-2050 timeframe. Current concepts, strategies, measures, and scientific efforts carried out by governments, NGOs, businesses, and societies do not deliver satisfying solutions for how to sustainably produce enough healthy and affordable food to support the global population. With the economic and social impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, it became even more evident that food security is a challenge. This workshop took an innovative approach to addressing the challenges of future agriculture by considering sustainable, circular agricultural systems. Participants presented research results on algae-based food, edible insects, mushrooms, novel concepts for nutrient management, bioreactor-based farming, sustainable food culture, as well as sensor- and remote-controlled automatic food production. This special issue presents the papers contributed to the workshop and the results of the discussions.
Effect of heating rate on the pyrolysis of camel manure
Authors: Parthasarathy Prakash , Al-Ansari Tareq , Mackey Hamish R. , McKay Gordon 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInformation on the pyrolysis degradation kinetics of feedstock is critical for the design and fabrication of pyrolysis reactors. In this study, the pyrolytic behaviour of a novel biomass, camel manure, has been studied in a non-isothermal thermogravimetric analyser. The thermal analyses were performed from room temperature to 950 °C at different heating rates (10, 20, and 50°C/min) in an N2 environment (100 ml/min). The kinetic parameters of the manure components are determined using an Arrhenius model equation, and the influence of heating rate on the pyrolytic characteristics and kinetic parameters of the manure components has been examined. The results indicated that the increase in heating rates increased the starting and ending temperatures (decomposition) of manure components. The increase in heating rates shifted the ignition, peak, and burnout temperatures to higher temperatures. At the same time, the increase in heating rates improved the char yield from 22.50 to 31.51%. However, the increase in heating rates showed an insignificant effect on the kinetic parameters of the camel manure components.
Perspektiven auf Schul- und Lebenswelten in Schüler/innen-Narrationen während der Corona-Krise im Frühjahr 2020
Authors: Baros Wassilios , Greiner Ulrike , Ivanova Mishela , Delic Aida 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungZiel der internationalen Studie „Futures Literacy – Krisennarrationen von Kindern als Räume von Utopien der Solidarität“ ist es, über Krisennarrationen von Schüler/innen Einblicke in ihre Schulsituation und (Lebens‑)Welt in Zeiten der Corona-Krise zu gewinnen. Die Datenerhebung erfolgt auf der Basis eines im Rahmen von Schulaufgaben gegebenen Schreibauftrages an die Schüler/innen, bei dem diese darstellen sollten, wie sie in der fiktiven Zukunft (in 60 Jahren) in der Rolle der Großeltern ihren Enkelkindern von der Zeit der Corona-Krise erzählen. Angelehnt ist diese Vorgehensweise an das Konzept der Futures Literacy, welches Möglichkeiten eröffnet, mittels der Imagination von Zukunft Gegenwart besser zu verstehen und Handlungsoptionen zu entwickeln. Die besondere Schreibaufgabe soll helfen, herauszufinden, wie Schüler/innen aus verschiedenen europäischen Ländern mit der Corona-Krise umgehen, wie sie diese mit Blick auf Schule und häusliche Umwelt erleben und kognitiv und emotional verarbeiten und welche „Post-Corona“ Zukunftsperspektiven sie entwickeln. Die Auswertung erfolgt auf Basis einer Latent Class Analyse von 237 von den Schüler/innen produzierten Texte. Sie legt typische narrative und argumentative Textmuster offen, die zu bestimmten Narrationsstilen führen, aus denen sich die verschiedenen Perspektiven der Schüler/innen auf die Institution Schule, den Covid-19 bedingten Fernunterricht und den Lebensalltag rekonstruieren lassen, und die in spezifischen Zusammenhangskonstellationen mit ihrem Lebens- und Familienalltag sowie subjektiven Zukunftsbildern angesichts der Krise stehen.
Magnetic resonance imaging in mood disorders: a bibliometric analysis from 1999 to 2020
Authors: Gao Mingzhou , Sun Hui , Cheng Xunshu , Gao Dongmei , Qiao Mingqi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective
Globally, mood disorders are highly prevalent, and are associated with increased morbidity and mortalities. Magnetic resonance imaging is widely used in the study of mood disorders. However, bibliometric analyses of the state of this field are lacking.

Methods
A literature search in the web of science core collection (WoSCC) for the period between 1945 and 2020 returned 3073 results. Data extracted from these publications include, publication year, journal names, countries of origin, institutions, author names and research areas. The bibliometric method, CiteSpace V and key words analysis were used to visualize the collaboration network and identify research trends, respectively.

Results
Since it was first reported in 1999, the use of magnetic resonance imaging in studies on mood disorders has been increasing. Biological psychiatry is the core journal that has extensively published on this topic, while the UNIV PITTSBURGH, USA, has the highest published papers on this topic. Keyword analysis indicated that studies on depression, bipolar disorders, and schizophrenia, with a focus on specific brain regions, including amygdala, prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex are key research topics.

Conclusion
Brain structure and network, sex differences, and treatment-associated brain changes are key topics of future research.
Experimental and Numerical Dynamic Properties of Two Timber Footbridges Including Seasonal Effects
Authors: Neilson John Hallak , Ibisevic Aida , Ugur Hasanhüseyin , Battini Jean-Marc , Crocetti Roberto , Pacoste Costin , Martinez-Rodrigo Maria D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper deals with experimental and numerical dynamic analyses of two timber footbridges. Both bridges have a span of 35 m and consist of a timber deck supported by two timber arches. The main purpose is to investigate if the dynamic properties of the bridges are season dependent. To this end, experimental tests are performed during a cold day in winter and a warm day in spring in Sweden. The first bending and transverse mode frequencies increase 22% and 44%, respectively, due to temperature effects in the case of Vega Bridge. In the case of Hägernäs bridge, the corresponding values are 5% and 26%. For both bridges, the measured damping coefficients are similar in winter and spring. However, the damping coefficients for the first bending and transverse modes are different for both footbridges: about 1% for the Hägernäs bridge and 3% for the Vega bridge. Finite-element models are also implemented. Both numerical and experimental results show good correspondence. From the analyses performed, it is concluded that the connections between the different components of the bridges have a significant influence on the dynamic properties. In addition, the variation of the stiffness for the asphalt layer can explain the differences found in the natural frequencies between spring and winter. However, due to the uncertainties in the modelling of the asphalt layer, this conclusion must be taken with caution.