bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PAR1 and PAR4 exert opposite effects on tumor growth and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Zhao Jia , Jin Guangyu , Liu Xudong , Wu Kai , Yang Yang , He Zhanfeng , Liu Donglei , Zhang Chunyang , Zhu Dengyan , Jiao Jia , Li Xiangnan , ZHAO SONG 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEsophageal carcinogenesis is a multifactorial process in which genetic and environmental factors interact to activate intracellular signals, leading to the uncontrolled survival and growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. The intracellular pathways of ESCC cells could be regulated by proteinase activated-receptors (PARs), which are comprised of four receptors (i.e., PAR-1, PAR-2, PAR-3, and PAR-4). Therefore, the function and possible mechanism of PAR1 and PAR4 in the progression of ECSS were explored.MethodsFirst, we detected the expression levels of PAR1 and PAR4 in 27 cases of ESCC tissue specimens and cell lines by RT-qPCR, IHC and western blot. Meanwhile, the correlation between PAR1/PAR4 expression level, clinicopathological characteristics, and disease free survival were analyzed. Then, we constructed PAR1/PAR4 knockdown cell models and investigated the role of PAR1/PAR4 knockdown on the proliferation, apoptosis, changes of calcium flow, and metastasis of ESCC cell via MTT, flow cytometry, transwell and wound healing assays in vitro. Further, an experimental metastasis model in vivo was established to explore the role of stable PAR1/PAR4 knockdown on the growth and metastasis of ESCC cells. Finally, the role of nSMase2 in the activation of NF-κB induced by PAR4 and the role of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways in the PAR1/PAR4-mediated tumor promoting or suppressive functions were measured by immunoprecipitation, western blot and immunofluorescence.ResultsThe integrated results demonstrated the expression levels of PAR1 and PAR4 are inversely proportional in ESCC. PAR1 could potently enhance tumor growth and metastasis, while PAR4 had an inhibitory effect. Further, the co-activation of STAT3 and NF-κB is involved in the PAR1 activation-induced tumor promoting effect, while only NF-κB participates in the PAR4 activation-induced tumor inhibitory effect in ESCC. To be specific, FAK/PI3K/AKT/STAT3/NF-κB mediated PAR1 activation-induced tumor promoting effect and nSMase2/MAPK/NF-κB mediated PAR4 activation-induced tumor inhibitory effect. ConclusionsOverall, the study provided new insights into the potential implication of PAR1 and PAR4 in the pathogenesis of ESCC. Besides, FAK/PI3K/AKT/STAT3/NF-κB and nSMase2/MAPK/NF-κB pathways may be novel targets for regulating tumor growh and cancer matastasis in ESCC patients.
Aberrant upregulation of TNFRSF21 enhances tumor aggressiveness in lung cancer via activation of the ERK/FOXM1 signaling cascade
Authors: Zhou Chengwei , Chen Zixuan , Liu Jiayan , Fang Shuai 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Identifying alterations in oncogenic drivers are known to be an effective strategy to explore potential druggable targets in the treatment of this disease.
Methods

Integrative analysis of the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets by R language identified TNFRSF21 is upregulated in lung cancers. Using overexpression or knockdown approach to demonstrate the gene effect and mechanisms on lung cancer cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of a commercial lung cancer tissue array showed clinic-pathological correlations.
Results

TNFRSF21 is frequently upregulated and associated with high-grade tumors and is highly correlated with advanced NSCLC. Biochemical studies confirmed that TNFRSF21 overexpression could markedly promote NSCLC cell growth and cell migration/invasion, while suppression of ERK and FOXM1 by U0126 and thiostrepton, respectively, could significantly counteract TNFRSF21-mediated NSCLC cell proliferation and aggressiveness. Mechanistic studies revealed that forced expression or ablation of TNFRSF21 could escalate or attenuate both the phosphorylation of ERK (p-ERK) and the expression of FOXM1, respectively, whereas the levels of TNFRSF21 and p-ERK were not altered when FOXM1 was inhibited by thiostrepton. On the contrary, inhibition of the intensity of p-ERK by U0126 could reduce FOXM1 expression in TNFRSF21-overexpressing NSCLC cells, which suggests that TNFRSF21 is the upstream effector of ERK signaling and that its downstream target is FOXM1.
Conclusions

This study highlights the significance of TNFRSF21 in promoting tumor aggressiveness in lung cancer by increasing ERK/FOXM1 signaling, which suggests that targeting TNFRSF21/MEK/ERK/FOXM1 may represent a potential therapy for lung cancer.
RNA Sequencing of Neuropathic Pain in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex after Nerve Injury
Authors: zhang yu , Jiang Shiwei , Liao Fei , Huang Zhifeng , Yang Xin , Zou Yu , He Xin , Guo Qulian , Huang Changsheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Neuropathic pain is a troublesome pathological condition without suitable treatments. Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) is a core brain region to process pain emotion. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing analysis to reveal transcriptomic profiles of the ACC in a rat chronic constriction injury (CCI) model.Results: A total of 1628 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by comparing the sham-operated rats and rats of 12 hours, 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after surgery, respectively. Most of the DEGs were involved in inflammatory and immune process. Although these inflammatory-related DEGs were generally increased after CCI, they demonstrated different kinetics in time-series expression with the development of neuropathic pain affection. Specifically, the expression of Ccl5 , Cxcl9 and Cxcl13 were kept going up after CCI, indicating a potentially effect of these genes on initiation and maintenance of neuropathic pain affection. The expression of Ccl2 , Ccl3 , Ccl4 , Ccl6 and Ccl7 were initially upregulated at 12 hours after CCI and then they fell back after that. Similarly, the expression of Rac2 , Cd68 , Icam-1 , Ptprc , Itgb2 , Fcgr2b were rised at 12 hours and 1 day, but fell back at 3 days after CCI. However, the expression of all of the above two clusters of genes were increased again at 7 days after CCI, when the neuropathic pain affection was developed. The initial increase of these genes may indicate an early response of ACC to nerve injury, whereas the later increase of these genes may indicate their involvement in the developing of neuropathic pain affection. Gene Ontology analysis, KEGG pathway enrichment and interaction network analysis further showed a high connectivity degree among these chemokine targeting genes. Similar expressional changes of these genes were also found in the rat spinal dorsal taking charge of the processing of nociception.Conclusions: Our results indicate chemokines and their targeting genes in ACC may be differentially involved in the initiation and maintenance of neuropathic pain affection. These genes could be the target not only the nociception but also the pain affection subsequent to nerve injury.
Research on to Measure Patent-intensive Industry Technology Lock-in from the Perspective of TML
Authors: Yang Wu , Sun Shiqiang , Gao Tengfei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

As the core industry of technological innovation abilities, patent-intensive industries, cultivating their rapid development is conducive to breaking the "technological lock-in" and realizing my country's independent innovation in the core technology field. Based on the INNOJOY patent database, the wireless communication network patent was selected as the research object, and the subjective and objective weighting method and the growth rate cycle index synthesis method were used to measure the technical lock-in from the perspective of TML. The study found: (1) The technology lock-in index of the United States, Japan, and South Korea generally shows an upward trend, while the technology lock-in index of China has a trend of declining volatility, and the United States has the highest degree of lock-in in wireless communication network technology, ranking first. Japan is in the second position, South Korea is in the third position, and China is in the fourth position; (2) The six core technologies identified belong to American companies. The public years are concentrated in 2017 and 2019, and the technical field is concentrated in H04W72/04 ( The same data transmission method and user equipment), H04W72/08 (signaling for nearness service and D2D discovery in LTE networks), and H04L1/00 (method to support channel division information for uplink and downlink channels) And) these three core patents show the three core technologies are technologies in wireless communication networks.
Air Quality Assessment and Pollution Forecasting using Recurrent Artificial Neural Networks in Metropolitan Lima-Peru
Authors: Cordova Chardin Hoyos , Portocarrero Manuel Niño Lopez , Salas Rodrigo , Torres Romina , Rodrigues Paulo Canas , López-Gonzales Javier Linkolk 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The prediction of air pollution is of great importance in highly populated areas because it has a direct impact on both the management of the city's economic activity and the health of its inhabitants. In this work, the spatio-temporal behavior of air quality in Metropolitan Lima was evaluated and predicted using the recurrent artificial neural network known as Long-Short Term Memory networks (LSTM). The LSTM was implemented for the hourly prediction of PM10 based on the past values of this pollutant and three meteorological variables obtained from five monitoring stations. The model was evaluated under two validation schemes: the hold-out (HO) and the blocked-nested cross-validation (BNCV). The simulation results show that periods of low PM10 concentration are predicted with high precision. Whereas, for periods of high contamination, the LSTM network with BNCV has better predictability performance. In conclusion, recurrent artificial neural networks with BNCV adapt more precisely to critical pollution episodes and have better performance to forecast this type of environmental data, and can also be extrapolated to other pollutants.
A Pan-cancer Analysis of Molecular Characteristics and Oncogenic Role of Gasdermins
Authors: Mu mingchao , Yu Qiaoling , Zhang Qin , Guo Jing , Wang Xingjie , Sun Xuejun , Yu junhui 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe gasdermins (GSDMs) family is proposed to be pore-forming effector proteins that cause cell membrane permeabilization and pyroptosis. Despite our increasing knowledge of GSDMD, GSDME and GSDMB, the biological functions and the regulation of GSDM expression and activation remain elusive for most GSDMs. In this study, we analyzed the molecular characteristics and oncogenic role of GSDM family genes systematically. MethodsTCGA, CCLE, cBioPortal, GEPIA, CellMiner and BioGRID databases were utilized in this study. Immunohistochemical analysis and a series of in vitro experiments were conducted.ResultsWe found that, in cancer, GSDM genes and their expressions extensively changed, which were associated with patient survival. The expression of GSDMs was widely associated with cancer-related pathways, drug resistance, immune subtypes, tumor microenvironment and cancer cell stemness. However, an intra- and inter-cancer heterogeneity was discovered regarding the corresponding GSDM gene. We found that GSDMA and GSDMB regulated drug resistance to the opposite direction of GSDME. In colorectal cancer, GSDME might be a positive regulator in cell invasion and metastasis through cell migration and angiogenesis, while GSDMA, GSDMB and GSDMD might be a negatively regulator of cell migration. ConclusionsGSDM family genes might play important roles in cancer other than pyroptosis. We suggest more efforts be made to investigate the GSDM family and each GSDM gene be studied as an entity in each type of cancer.
The promotion effect of π-π interactions in Pd NPs catalysed selective hydrogenation
Authors: Guo Miao , Jayakumar Sanjeevi , Kong Xiangtao , Li Chunzhi , Li He , Chen Jian , Luo Meng-Fei , Yang Qihua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The utilization of weak interactions to improve the catalytic performance of supported metal catalysts is an important strategy for catalysts design, but still remains a big challenge. Herein, the weak interactions nearby the Pd nanoparticles (NPs) were finely tuned by using a series of imine-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with different conjugation skeletons. The Pd NPs embedded in pyrene-COF were ca. 3 to 10-fold more active than those in COFs without pyrene in the hydrogenation of aromatic ketones/aldehydes, quinolines and nitrobenzene, though Pd have similar size and surface structure. With acetophenone (AP) hydrogenation as a model reaction, systematic studies imply that the π-π interaction of AP and pyrene rings in the vicinity of Pd NPs could significantly reduce the activation barrier in the rate-determining step. This work highlights the important role of non-covalent interactions beyond the active sites in modulating the catalytic performance of supported metal NPs.
Reconciling Anomalously Fast Heating Rate in Ion Tracks with Low Electron-Phonon Coupling
Authors: Medvedev Nikita , Volkov Alexander E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Formation of swift heavy ion tracks requires extremely fast energy transfer between excited electrons and a lattice. However, electron-phonon energy exchange is too slow, as known from laser-irradiation experiments and calculations. We resolve this contradiction noticing that electron-phonon coupling is not the sole mechanism of energy exchange between electrons and ions: heating of electrons also alters potential energy surface of atoms, accelerating them and increasing their kinetic energy.
Higher Mucosal Antibody Concentrations in Women with Genital Tract Inflammation
Authors: Sobia Parveen , Pillay Thevani , Liebenberg Lenine J.P , Sivro Aida , Mansoor Leila E. , Osman Farzana , Passmore Jo-Ann S. , Karim Quarraisha Abdool , Karim Salim S. Abdool , Baxter Cheryl , McKinnon Lyle R. , Archary Derseree 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines augment humoral responses by stimulating antibody production and inducing class-switching. In women, genital inflammation (GI) significantly modifies HIV risk. However, the impact of GI on mucosal antibodies remains undefined. We investigated the impact of GI, pre-HIV infection, on antibody isotypes and IgG subclasses in the female genital tract. Immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes, IgG subclasses and 48 cytokines were measured prior to HIV infection in cervicovaginal lavages (CVL) from 66 HIV seroconverters (cases) and 66 matched HIV-uninfected women (controls) enrolled in the CAPRISA 004 and 008 tenofovir gel trials. Pre-HIV infection, cases had significantly higher genital IgM (4.13; IQR, 4.04-4.19) compared to controls (4.06; IQR, 3.90-4.20; p=0.042). More than one-quarter of cases (27%) had GI compared to just over one-tenth (12%) in controls. Significantly higher IgG1, IgG3, IgG4 and IgM (all p<0.05) were found in women stratified for GI compared to women without. Adjusted linear regression analyses showed several pro-inflammatory, chemotactic, growth factors, and adaptive cytokines significantly correlated with higher titers of IgM and IgG subclasses (p<0.05). The strong and significant positive correlations between mucosal antibodies and markers of GI suggest that GI may impact mucosal antibody profiles. These findings require further investigation to establish a plausible biological link between the local inflammatory milieu and its consequence on these genital antibodies.
Asymptomatic malaria remains high among seasonal migrant workers depart to home from malarious areas and may cause a resurgence of malaria transmission at high lands of northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tilaye Tesfaye Tilaye , Tessema Belay Tessema , Gelaye Keshaun Alemu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

In Ethiopia, thousands of seasonal migrant workers used to travel from non-malaria or mild malaria transmission areas to malaria endemic areas for the purposes of seasonal farm activities. Most of these migrants are staying in the farm areas for land preparation, ploughing, planting, weeding and harvesting for specific period of time and back to their living areas. However, there is limited evidence how the seasonal migrant workers contribute in the transmission of malaria to new or less malaria transmission areas.
Methods

A cross sectional study was conducted at departure phase of seasonal migrant workers in Metema district from September 2018 to October 2019. A total of 1208 seasonal migrant workers were interviewed during their departure to home. Interviewed face to face interview was done using a pretested structured questionnaire. Moreover, blood samples were collected from each study participant for microscopic malaria parasite examination. The data was fitted with the logistic regression model to estimate the predictors’ of malaria transmissions.
Results

At the departure to home, the prevalence of malaria among seasonal migrant workers was 17.5% (15.6-19.45%). About 71.80 % (177/212) of the cases were Plasmodium falciparum, and 28.20% (35/212) Plasmodium vivax. The majority of seasonal migrant workers (77.4%) were from rural residence and highlanders (55%). Most (55.4%) of the migrants were visited two and more farm sites during their stay at development corridors for harvesting activities. About 116 (54.7%) asymptomatic malaria cases were returning to Dembiya(21.7%), Chilaga(19.8%) and Metema(13.2%) districts.
Conclusion

This study focuses on the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among seasonal migrant workers during the departure phase to home. The role of seasonal migrant workers in carrying and spreading malaria parasites, as well as challenging the country's malaria prevention and elimination efforts, could be enormous. Age, occupation, origin, the number of farm sites visited, and the frequency with which LLINs used were all associated with an increased asymptomatic malaria prevalence in the study area. Tailored interventions for seasonal migrant workers could be in place by programers, partners and implementers to enhance malaria control and elimination.
Do German University Medical Centres promote robust and transparent research? – A cross-sectional study of institutional policies.
Authors: Holst Martin Reinhard , Faust Alice , Strech Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
In light of replication and translational failures, biomedical research practices have recently come under scrutiny. Experts have pointed out that the current incentive structures at research institutions insufficiently incentivise researchers to invest in robustness and transparency and instead incentivise them to optimise their fitness in the struggle for publications and grants. This cross-sectional study aimed to describe whether and how relevant policies of university medical centres in Germany support the robust and transparent conduct of research and how prevalent traditional metrics are.
Methods
For 38 German university medical centres, we searched for institutional policies for academic degrees and academic appointments, as well as websites for their core facilities and research in general. We screened the documents for mentions of indicators of robust and transparent research and for mentions of more traditional metrics of career progression.
Results
While Open Access was mentioned in 16% of PhD regulations, other indicators of robust and transparent research (study registration; reporting of results; sharing of data, code, and protocols; and robustness) were mentioned in less than 10% of institutional policies for academic degrees and academic appointments. These indicators were more frequently mentioned on the core facility and general research websites. Regarding the traditional metrics, the institutional policies for academic degrees and academic appointments had frequent mentions of the number of publications, grant money, impact factors, and authorship order.
Conclusions
References to robust and transparent research practices are, with a few exceptions, generally uncommon in institutional policies at German university medical centres, while traditional criteria for academic promotion and tenure still prevail.
AngioJet Rheolytic Thrombectomy In Patients With Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction Thrombus Grade 5: An Observational Study
Authors: Huang Yi-xiong , Cao Yi , Chen Yu , Qiu Yi-gang , Zheng Jian-yong , Liu Ying-ming , He Jiang-chun , Li Tian-chang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy among patients with high thrombus burden.BACKGROUND Routine manual thrombus aspiration in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) does not improve clinical outcomes and was associated with an increased rate of stroke. However, the safety of mechanical thrombus aspirationis still unknown.METHODS This was a single-center study involving 621 patients with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction thrombus grade 5. The primary outcome was the composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE)within 12 months. The safety outcome was stroke within 1-year. RESULTS AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy was performed in 117 patients. After propensity-score matching, there was no significant difference both in the incidence of MACE(11.1% vs 17.9%, hazard ratio, 1.641; 95% confidence interval[CI], 0.822 to 3.277, p=.161) and the incidences of stroke (1.7% vs 2.6%, hazard ratio, 1.522; 95% confidence interval[CI], 0.254 to 9.107, p=.646)between two groups at 1-year follow-up.CONCLUSIONS In patients with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction thrombus grade 5, AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomydid not improve clinical outcomesat 1 year. However, AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy did not increase the risk of stroke in patients with high thrombus burden.
Factors Influencing Patients to Make the Decision to Discharge Themselves Against Medical Advice at Tertiary Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sharif Malak AL , Alatawi Aeshah , Alqahtani Abdulhadi M. , Alufi Mohammed , Alghamdi Faisal 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background:DAMA is defined as any instance when a patient wants to leave the hospital against the managing physician's decision.This study aimed to identify the most common factors that influence patients to decide to choose DAMA.Results: Between March and April 2021, 510 responses were collected from participants and included in the analysis. Most of the study participants (31.4%) were over the age of 54. Our findings showed that 12.5% of our participants have had taken discharge against medical advice in the past.Conclusion: The long wait time to be seen by a physician was the major factor that forced patients to leave the emergency department against medical advice.