bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application research of dual-stage coupled heat pump system
Authors: Yuan Jiapu , Wang Yajing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, firstly, the structure and working principle of dual-stage coupled heat pump is introduced, and a detailed introduction to the energy-saving design of the system is provided. Secondly, this article introduces the specific applications of dual-stage coupled heat pumps and obtains their specific energy consumption through field testing. Finally, this article compares the energy consumption of the dual-stage coupled heat pump system with that of boilers and air source heat pumps, and analyzes their energy-saving effects. The results indicate that the heat pump system proposed in this paper has good energy-saving effects. Moreover, it is worth vigorously promoting and using.
Research on the ultrasonic location of transformer local discharge based on super-directivity-MSSA
Authors: Shi Yansheng , Liu Feng , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the problem of accurately locating the partial discharge source in a transformer, this article will place multiple sensors inside the transformer windings for detection and location, and propose a location method that combines a super-directivity algorithm with a chaotic sparrow search algorithm (MSSA) integrated with multi-directional learning. We use the finite element method to simulate the ultrasonic signals inside the transformer windings. First, we use the super-directivity algorithm to measure the direction of the internal partial discharge source of the transformer, determine the search space of the MSSA algorithm according to the output direction, and solve the position information of the partial discharge source. The simulation results show that this algorithm has a smaller positioning error compared with traditional methods. Finally, we use a new type of EFPI optical fiber sensor to conduct partial discharge location experiments inside the transformer windings. The experimental results show that the positioning accuracy of this method is within 4 centimeters, verifying that this method has practical application value.
Design of a simple broadband high-pass frequency selective surface
Authors: Zhu Mengtong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
FSS is a widely used spatial filter that can isolate signals in different frequency bands from each other to achieve frequency band separation. In this paper, a hexagonal honeycomb slit cell is used as the centre of the FSS, and the microelement patch and slit-loaded coupled mesh grid structure are utilized to effectively increase the passband bandwidth so as to realize the design of high-pass and low-distortion FSS with wide bandwidth by combining the different structures in a relatively simple way. Finally, the separation of high-frequency and low- frequency signals with good angular and polarization stability is achieved when the TE or TM polarization is incident at 45° angle in 22GHz~58GHz (S
21 ≤ -12.2dB) and 87GHz~124GHz (S
21 ≥ -0.95dB).
Non-intrusive power load decomposition method based on message passing graph neural network
Authors: Huangfu Hancong , Wang Yongcai , Guan Zhaoxiong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The non-invasive power load decomposition technology has a relatively small impact on the power system. Besides, it has a strong adaptability to different networks, but its load decomposition shows poor accuracy. To raise the accuracy of non-intrusive power load decomposition methods, a household power load decomposition model with factor hidden Markov model was established, which aims to use a message passing mechanism to improve the graph neural network and solve the power load decomposition model. The outcomes denote that the research design method can realize an F1 Score of 0.9326 and a mean absolute error of 10.24 in power load decomposition. When decomposing the load of commonly used household appliances, the F1 Score of the research design method is higher than other traditional non-intrusive power load decomposition methods. The non-intrusive power decomposition method designed for research has effectively improved the accuracy of existing methods.
Liquid phase exfoliation of α-SnSe nanosheets: Exploring the role of solvents
Authors: Tamuli Stuti , Kar Anubhab , Mohanta Dambarudhar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this study, we used a top-down approach to fabricate 2D SnSe nanosheets via the liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) technique. Bulk SnSe was dispersed in six different solvents: isopropyl alcohol (IPA), absolute ethanol, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), acetone, methanol, and deionized (DI) water. The solutions containing bulk SnSe were ultrasonicated and subjected to high-speed centrifugation. Comprehensive characterization of both the bulk and exfoliated samples was conducted using various techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the orthorhombic crystal structure of bulk SnSe. Raman spectroscopy was used to examine the vibrational properties of both bulk and exfoliated SnSe, showing distinct B
3g and A
g
3 modes at ~115.6 and 150 cm−1, respectively. Morphological analysis using both Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealed the formation of few-layer nanosheets. Additionally, UV-visible spectroscopy was employed to investigate the optical properties and the stability of the exfoliated SnSe nanosheets.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation on Hydrophilicity of Polymeric Membrane
Authors: Das Prince , Kakati Bharat , Hazarika Tonmoi , Pal Dipankar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The study employs nitrogen (N2) plasma for surface modification of a polymeric membrane to investigate the changes in its hydrophilic properties under diverse storage conditions. It is found that the hydrophobic recovery of cellulose nitrate membrane for 7 minutes of plasma treatment is moderate for water medium, high for atmospheric medium, and low for vacuum medium. For water medium, this process is governed by fixed dipole-dipole interactions, which dominate over London dispersion forces, limiting hydrophobic recovery. In the atmospheric medium, hydrophobic recovery accelerates due to variations in temperature and relative humidity. In the vacuum medium, hydrophobic recovery is slowed down due to the absence of reactive species influencing recovery. As a result, the diffusion-based theoretical model matched with experimental data for the water and atmosphere mediums but not for the vacuum medium. SEM analysis reveals significant pore enlargement and surface etching of the plasma-facing membrane surface after 7 minutes of plasma treatment compared to untreated membranes. EDX results showed increase in C/N ratio indicating the presence of nitrogen containing functional groups. Since the FTIR penetration depth exceeds the modification depth caused by plasma treatment, similar peaks were observed for both treated and untreated membranes. Several peaks were observed in both treated and untreated samples at 1643 cm-1 (C-C stretch), 1275 cm−1 and 1059 cm−1 (C-O stretch), and 834 cm−1 (C-H bend). AFM analysis shows a significant enhancement in surface roughness for plasma-treated membrane with respect to untreated membrane which is obtained as 32% more than that of untreated membrane.
Study of the Density Parameters of the Dark Energy and the Cosmological Constant in the context of Brans-Dicke Theory
Authors: Choudhury Shaheb , Deb Priya , Bhowmik Anwesha , Debnath Dipa , Ghosh Sovan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The discovery of supernova projects at the end of the 20
th
century altered the theory of current cosmology and sparked the hunt for dark energy and dark matter. The time evolution of the density parameter is examined here by considering a test function. Using the Brans-Dicke frame work, the calculations are advanced. The density parameter of dark energy (Ω
D
) and matter (Ω
m
) are connected by mathematical descriptions and found to produce a unit value when Ω
D
and Ω
m
are in fraction. As the calculations are built on the structure of the scale factor, this present article is attempt to describe the framework in terms of scale factor (a) as well. The results coming from the test function model show nice resemblance with known observations. The use of Brans-Dicke theory makes provision for in detail study of Ω
D
and Ω
m
.
Classification of Dark Energy Models
Authors: Ghosh Sovan , Devi Baishali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Accelerated expansion is well-defined from the observational redshift. It is found from Type Ia Supernova data that the major share of the energy of the universe is yet to be explained and that prompted the search for dark energy and dark matter. Dark energy is expected to be around 68% of the total energy of the universe. To match with experimental observations different theoretical models of dark energy are proposed over the years. Here it is attempted to classify the models of current scenario.
Modeling of Single and Multi-grid IECF Device to Study Plasma Particle Dynamics
Authors: Bhattacharjee Darpan , Saikia Lucky , Mohanty Smruti Ranjan , Adhikari Sayan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
During the last two decades, the Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion (IECF) device has gained popularity as a table-top neutron/proton source due to its uncomplicated design and comparatively smaller volume which has the potential of providing high fusion rate. The basic concept of the device is to accelerate lighter ions like deuterium, tritium, etc., to collide and produce fusion-relevant energies by the application of a converging electrostatic field inside a spherical or cylindrical chamber.
In the present work, we have discussed the ion dynamics in a single and triple-grid arrangement of the cylindrical IECF device by making use of an open-source particle-in-cell code known as XOOPIC. A comparative study of ion density and potential profiles has been performed at different input potentials. The simulated outcomes are compared with the experimentally obtained results. A detailed study on the obtained results has been presented here.
Investigation of magnetospheric solitons in the recovery phase of a geomagnetic storm for solar cycle 23 using Cluster II mission
Authors: Sarma Shyamalima , Khusroo Murchana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Solitary structures or solitons, prominent nonlinear phenomena in space plasmas, have been extensively studied, particularly in the magnetospheric regime utilizing data from Cluster II mission. This study examines aperiodic magnetospheric oscillations observed during the recovery phase of a geomagnetic storm (GMS), which is a result of magnetic disturbances triggered by coronal mass ejection (CME) or interplanetary mass ejection (ICME) interacting with Earth’s magnetic field, in solar cycle 23. The analysis utilizes data from the Fluxgate Magnetometer (FGM) and Cluster Ion Spectroscopy (CIS) instruments onboard spacecraft C1 and C4 of the Cluster II mission. The analysis identifies a train of aperiodic solitons with increasing amplitudes propagating through the bow shock region of the magnetosphere. This paper provides detailed observations and analytical insights into the formation mechanisms of these aperiodic solitons during geomagnetic storm recovery.
Exploring alpha emissions in neutron induced reactions via QMFT based dynamical cluster-decay approach
Authors: Chhetri Rita , Kaur Amandeep , Singh Birbikram 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study theoretically investigates alpha emission from compound nuclei formed in neutron-induced reactions, inspired by the experiments of Yu M. Gledenov et al. at Peking University, China. The research focuses on the decay dynamics of even-mass compound nuclei 144Nd* and 148Sm*, formed with neutron beam energies of 4 to 6 MeV. Employing the Dynamical Cluster-decay Model (DCM) based on Quantum Mechanical Fragmentation Theory (QMFT), high Q-value alpha emission channels 144Nd*→
140Ce+α and 148Sm*→
144Nd+α are explored. Cross-sections for alpha emissions are calculated by optimizing the neck-length parameter “∆R”, showing agreement with experimental data. Given the highly asymmetric incoming channel, the beam energy approximates the centre of mass energy (E
beam≈E
c.m.
). The study evaluates the impact of deformations, considering spherical and quadrupole-deformed configurations of the decaying fragments, and examines the alterations in potential energy surfaces. For deformed fragmentation, orientations are optimized for hot configurations. A comparative analysis of fragmentation structures, preformation profiles, and barrier characteristics is conducted between spherical and quadrupole-deformed fragmentation. The DCM’s collective clusterization approach treats all exit channels equally, emphasizing the formation of the preferred decay channel over competing channels such as fission. Observed changes in fragmentation profiles underscore the influence of nuclear parameters like angular momentum and deformations, providing insights into the dynamics of compound nucleus decay and the pivotal role of these parameters in shaping reaction outcomes.
Estimation of Radon activity in the nuclear security laboratory at the basement level of a building
Authors: Pathan Sohailkhan. S. , Gupta Unnati , Goel Alpana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Among all radiation exposure, the second leading cause of lung cancer is Radon while smoking is the primary contributor. The identification of the source and extent of Radon contamination is paramount for the formulation and implementation of measures aimed at reducing Radon levels in indoor spaces. Given the serious health implications, numerous countries and regions have implemented stringent Radon exposure limits and regulations to safeguard public health. The present work is to study the activity of 222Rn within a nuclear education laboratory. For the detection of gamma rays, a High-purity Germanium detector, with 34% relative efficiency and 0.6 mm carbon window was used. However, for the adsorption of Radon activity, 70 g charcoal in metal tin was employed. The spectrum was obtained using PROSPECT software and was calibrated using a 152Eu standard source. The analysis of the spectrum was done using CANDLE. The radionuclides 214Pb, 214Bi, and 40K which have gamma rays of 351keV, 609 keV, and 1460 keV, respectively are investigated. The measured activity of 222Rn radionuclide was found to be ranging between 9.77±0.73 Bq/Kg to14.00±1.00 Bq/Kg.
Development and experimental studies of a light vehicle diesel after treatment system with DOC, DPF and urea SCR
Authors: Thangapandian P. , Paulsingarayar S. , Chandraprakash R. , Seenivasan S. , Vimal Kannan I. , Siddeshwar S.A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Strict adherence to pollution limits poses a risk to light-duty diesel engines due to challenges in post-treatment procedures, product limitations, and emission criteria. This paper aims to determine the underlying principles for the technological development of an after-treatment technique that incorporates a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), catalytic Diesel Particle Filter (DPF), urea injector, and catalytic urea selective reduction (SCR). Implementing this selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technique would greatly enhance the catalyst’s ability to convert NOx by regulating the evaporation of urea and avoiding a decrease in exhaust temperature and mixing efficiencies. Moreover, the uniformity of the NH3 concentration distribution over the catalyst surface is advantageous. This study explored the concept of an electrically evaporated urea-dosing device. The investigation revealed that heated urea had a beneficial effect on improving the elimination of NOx from both continuous and intermittent motor operations before its application to the gas exhaust. The cylindrical urea evaporative heating chamber was equipped with a venturi jet that directed urea vapour down the exhaust drain. The urea solution dosing technique, administered by spraying, was a customised method more advantageous than the conventional liquid dosage system.
Tribological, Compressibility and Micro Hardness Behaviour of Al7075/SiC Composites
Authors: Karthikeyan G. , Velmurugan T. , Gandhi V.C. Sathish , Elatharasan G. , Thulasi S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Al7075 with various weight percentages such as 6%, 9%, and 12% of SiC composites were fabricated by stir casting method. The three samples are subjected to a wear test, compressive test, and microhardness test by using a spin-on disc, Universal Testing Machine (UTM), and vicker harness tester machine. From the results, Al7075 with 12% silicon carbide showed better deformation behavior low wear behavior and high hardness strength. These behaviors of more initial fraction density, and high bore presence of silicon carbide reinforcement than others perform. The stress formability index increases with increasing initial perform fraction density at higher silicon carbide. For the composite with lower values of SiC content and with high initial perform density. From these results observed that the percentage of increasing the reinforcement gives better results compared to the lower reinforced alloy.
Hydroponic IoT-Based Control Using Adaptive Fuzzy, PID, and Consensus Control Methods for Nutrient Concentration Dosing
Authors: Nizam Nurul Aimee Izzaty Mohd , Chung Seng Kheau , Yew Hoe Tung , Kiring Aroland M’conie Jilui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
One of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is to provide zero hunger, achieve food security, enhance nutritional quality, and promote sustainable agriculture. To achieve these goals, food production has to be increased by adopting modern techniques in agriculture, such as hydroponic farming and the Internet of Things (IoT). Effective handling of nutrient concentrations, specifically electrical conductivity (EC) values, is crucial for optimizing plant health and yield. To reduce the challenge posed by high overshooting of nutrient concentration and also due to the diffusion of the regulating liquid fertilizer through the pipeline, the EC value control system demonstrates features such as time-delayed for the nutrient concentration to reach the setpoint. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive study that evaluates three distinct control strategies for regulating nutrient concentration in a hydroponic environment: proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, fuzzy logic control, and a consensus control algorithm. The stability and performance of these control systems were investigated through simulation analysis and comparative evaluations. The findings indicate that the PID control system is faster in reaching the setpoint, while the fuzzy control system exhibits the least overshoot. Moreover, the consensus algorithm emerges as the most optimal control system in terms of time to reach the setpoint and minimize the overshoot value.
Analysis and Modelling of Waves, Tides and Currents On Sediment Distribution In Banyuasin River Estuary
Authors: Setiawan O , Chalid A , Siregar C A , Rosadi  , Witarsa D R 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sedimentation at the mouth of the Banyuasin River is a natural process whereby solid materials such as sand, mud, and other deposits accumulate in areas where the river meets the ocean. This process occurs because the flow of river water laden with solid materials slows down upon entering the calmer waters at the river mouth. By conducting analysis and modeling at the mouth of the Banyuasin River, patterns of sedimentation and the magnitude of sedimentation resulting from the convergence of river currents with waves, tides, and ocean currents at the mouth of the Banyuasin River can be determined. The analysis is performed using quantitative methods, the results of which can identify sedimentation patterns at the mouth of the Banyuasin River by considering several important factors, namely river currents, ocean waves, tidal fluctuations, and ocean currents. Modeling results using the Mike-21 software indicate that sedimentation occurs at various parts of the Banyuasin mouth, with relatively small volume magnitudes. The conclusion from this analysis and modeling is that sediment deposition at the mouth of the Banyuasin River exhibits dynamic stability due to the influence of significant river currents during certain seasons, allowing sediment deposition to occur within a certain period, while at other times, the sediment deposition is carried back by the river currents towards the sea.
A Comparison of Wind Speed Derived from Various Microwaves Satellite in Tropical Cyclone.
Authors: Najwa Ayob Nurul , Sharoni Syarawi M. H. , San Lim Hwee , Raisyha Nurfarain Abdullah Nik 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Wind speed measurements derived from various microwave satellites, including scatterometers, altimeters, and radiometers, is vital to assess the characters of tropical cyclone (TC). This paper focuses on comparing the differences in wind speed measurements from scatterometers, altimeters, and radiometers, each with inherent limitations. The research utilizes various microwaves satellite data within global tropical cyclone wind and applying univariate analysis to evaluate the range and variation of wind speed distributions. Hurricane Katia (2011) is used as a case study. Findings indicate that different satellite types exhibit varying performances under extreme conditions. The Oceansat-2 scatterometer recorded the highest wind speed (69.24 m/s), while the ERS-2 altimeter showed the lowest (28.5 m/s). In terms of TC characterization, scatterometers excel in identifying TC intensity and structure but lack detail in the TC eye. Radiometers provide broad coverage but are less accurate at high wind speeds, focusing on TC periphery. Altimeters offer precise wind speed data near the eyewall but are limited by narrow coverage and infrequent observations. Combining these data sources provides a more accurate TC characterization, improving monitoring and mitigation. Future research should refine measurement algorithms and integrate more extensive satellite data.
Butterworth Environmental Dataset: Employing COVRATIO for Outlier Detection with Simultaneous Linear Functional Relationship Model
Authors: Ain Al-Hameefatul Jamaliyatul Nur , Amyra Mokhtar Nurkhairany , Badyalina Basri , Rambli Adzhar , Zulina Zubairi Yong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The monsoon is affected by factors like wind speed, humidity, and temperature. Outliers can significantly skew the data, and this study presents an outlier detection method using the COVRATIO statistic, derived from the covariance matrix within a simultaneous Linear Functional Relationship Model (LFRM) for linear variables. The cut-off point for the 5% upper percentiles of the maximum value of the COVRATIO statistic is established through a Monte Carlo simulation study. The findings indicate that outliers are detected when the COVRATIO statistic surpasses these cut-off points. The effectiveness of the simultaneous LFRM is demonstrated using Butterworth environmental data, with variables including wind speed, humidity, and temperature. The data s normality is confirmed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. This research supports the National Policy on Climate Change by contributing to knowledge-based decision-making in climate-related studies, particularly in the domains of environmental monitoring, renewable energy planning, and data analysis.