bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid event beds generated by erosional bulking of modern hyperpycnal flows on the Choshui River delta front, Taiwan Strait
Authors: Jin Lina , Shan Xin , Shi Xuefa , Fonnesu Marco , Qiao Shuqing , Kandasamy Selvaraj , Wang Huawei , Liu Shengfa , Fang Xisheng , Zou Xinqing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHyperpycnal flows are important agents for transporting detrital sediments from rivers to oceans. Previous studies often assumed that the deposits of flood‐controlled delta fronts would be dominated by graded sand with common hummocky cross‐stratification. This study documents, for the first time, hybrid event beds and plumite deposits inside the succession of a modern delta front. This delta in the Taiwan Strait is fed by the Choshui River, which is considered a highly efficient sediment transport system with individual floods with extremely high suspended sediment concentrations. The deltaic event beds recorded in the core were interpreted as hyperpycnal flow‐generated hybrid event beds and turbidites triggered by hypopycnal flows. Accelerator Mass Spectrometry 14C dating, grain‐size analysis and measurements of stable isotopic composition of organic matter were conducted to delineate the depositional process of the recognized beds. The internal subdivisions of the hybrid event beds were differentiated mainly based on sedimentary textures, including cohesive mud content, sand content and sorting. The disorganized portion (division H3) appears internally chaotic and contains large rafted substrate clasts but also displays an upward increase in dispersed cohesive mud from 35% (division H3a) to 50% (division H3b). In contrast, massive H1 divisions are characterized by much lower cohesive mud of ca 8%. The vertical arrangement between depositional facies allows the discrimination of three hybrid event bed types. The stable carbon isotopic composition of the organic matter reveals that the cohesive mud in each division of the hybrid event beds was sourced from marine substrate, rather than supplied by the original hyperpycnal flows. Therefore, the hybrid event beds are generated by energetic hyperpycnal flows, which can delaminate the muddy sea‐floor and incorporate large quantities of substrate fragments. The bulking of erosional hyperpycnal turbulent flow forces flow transformation and generates a more cohesive flow with a turbulent, dense head and trailing bipartite debris flow. The occurrence of hybrid event beds in modern shallow delta front settings is also an important novelty, implying a high density of hyperpycnal flows at the mouth of sediment‐laden rivers as well as the crucial impact of substrate entrainment on the development of hybrid event beds.
Integrative systematics of the scleractinian coral genera Caulastraea, Erythrastrea and Oulophyllia
Authors: Arrigoni Roberto , Huang Danwei , Berumen Michael L. , Budd Ann F. , Montano Simone , Richards Zoe T. , Terraneo Tullia I. , Benzoni Francesca 
Published: March 2021

AbstractModern systematics integrating molecular and morphological data has greatly improved our understanding of coral evolutionary relationships during the last two decades and led to a deeply revised taxonomy of the order Scleractinia. The family Merulinidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia) was recently subjected to a series of revisions following this integrated approach but the phylogenetic affinities of several genera ascribed to it remain unknown. Here, we partially fill this gap through the study of 89 specimens belonging to all 10 valid species from four genera (Caulastraea, Erythrastrea, Oulophyllia and Dipsastraea) collected from 14 localities across the Indo‐Pacific realm. Four molecular loci (histone H3, COI, ITS and IGR) were sequenced, and a total of 44 skeletal morphological characters (macromorphology, micromorphology and microstructure) were analysed. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the phaceloid Caulastraea species are split into two distinct lineages. A species previously ascribed to the genus Dipsastraea, Dipsastraea maxima, is also recovered in one on these lineages. Furthermore, Erythrastrea is nested within Oulophyllia. The molecular reconstructions of evolutionary relationships are further corroborated by multiscale morphological evidence. To resolve the taxonomy of these genera, Astraeosmilia is resurrected to accommodate Astraeosmilia connata, Astraeosmilia curvata, Astraeosmilia tumida and Astraeosmilia maxima, with Caulastraea retaining Caulastraea furcata and Caulastraea echinulata. Based on the examination of type material, Erythrastrea flabellata is considered an objective synonym of Lobophyllia wellsi, which is transferred to Oulophyllia following the obtained morpho‐molecular results. This work further confirms that an integrated morpho‐molecular approach based on a rigorous phylogenetic framework is fundamental for an objective classification that reflects the evolutionary history of scleractinian corals.
Self-management, self-care, and self-help in adolescents with emotional problems: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Town Rosa , Hayes Daniel , Fonagy Peter , Stapley Emily 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to clarify the ways in which the concepts of self-management, self-care, and self-help are defined in the literature in the context of adolescents with emotional problems, as well as to identify the strategies or techniques that have been proposed to facilitate self-management, self-care, and self-help for this group.

Introduction:
There is evidence that emotional problems are rising amongst adolescents, yet timely access to specialist mental health treatment is limited to adolescents with greater severity of mental health difficulties. Nonetheless, self-management, self-care, and self-help strategies may be used by adolescents. Given the overlap in existing definitions and the lack of clarity around these concepts in a youth mental health context, a scoping review of the literature is warranted.

Inclusion criteria:
The review will consider studies that involve adolescents aged 10 to 19 years with symptoms of emotional problems. These problems do not require a formal diagnosis and may be based on self-reporting. Studies that reference self-management, self-care, or self-help in this population, in any setting, will be included. Strategies may be provided by a mental health professional or discovered by the adolescent on their own. Quantitative, qualitative, economic, and mixed methods studies, as well as systematic, scoping, and literature reviews, are eligible for inclusion.

Methods:
MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and MedNar will be searched for English-language texts from the year 2000 onward. A map or typology of definitions will be presented alongside a narrative summary of the results.
Turbine-Blade Vibration Due to Partial Admission
Authors: Kroon R. P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper deals with stresses in steam-turbine blades set up during partial admission, that is, when the steam loading on the blades is intermittent. By making simplifying assumptions about the character of the loading, it is possible to develop simple relations showing how the blade stress depends on frequency, running speed, and damping. Apparatus to determine experimentally the damping of blade steels and optical equipment to investigate the exact nature of the steam forces acting on the blades in actual operation are described.
Energy and Exergy Performance Comparative Analysis of a Solar-Driven Organic Rankine Cycle Using Different Organic Fluids
Authors: Chowdhury Md. Tareq , Mokheimer Esmail M. A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, the performance of parabolic trough collector (PTC) integrated with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is investigated to find the optimum operating scenarios and to assess the exergy destruction at different components of the system. A commercial PTC LS-2 model with Therminol VP-1 as heat transfer fluid was integrated with an ORC that was examined for its thermal and exergetic performance using different organic fluids. It was found that every fluid has an optimum pressure and temperature level at which it works better than other fluids. R134a (tetrafluoroethane, CH2FCF3) showed the best performance for the turbine inlet temperature range from 340 K to 440 K regarding the achieved energy and exergy efficiencies. At a temperature of 362.8 K and a pressure of 2750 kPa, R134a showed the highest energy efficiency of 8.55% and exergy efficiency of 21.84% with the lowest mass flowrate required in ORC. Energy efficiency of other fluids, namely, R245fa (pentafluoropropane, CF3CH2CHF2), n-pentane, and toluene, was less than 5%. On the other hand, toluene exhibited thermal efficiency of 23.5% at a turbine inlet temperature of 550 K and a pressure of 2500 kPa, while the exergy efficiency was 62.89% at solar irradiation of 1 kW/m2.
Treatment of persistent hiccups after arthroplasty: effects of acupuncture at PC6, CV12 and ST36
Authors: Xu Jianda , Qu Yuxing , Yue Yongbin , Zhao Hong , Gao Yi , Peng Libo , Zhang Qi 
Published: March 2021

Objective: There are multiple treatment options for hiccups, including non-pharmacological therapies, but little evidence of superiority of one treatment over another. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acupuncture on persistent hiccups after arthroplasty. Methods: From April 2010 to December 2015, 15 patients with primary unilateral total hip/knee arthroplasty were diagnosed with persistent hiccups and given acupuncture at PC6, CV12 and ST36. Each acupuncture session lasted 30 min. The total number of treatment sessions was determined by the persistence of symptoms, but acupuncture was administered no more than three times over the course of a week. The hiccups assessment instrument (HAI) was used to assess the severity of hiccups pre-treatment and post-treatment. Adverse events were also recorded. Results: Absolute resolution was observed in all 15 patients after less than three acupuncture sessions. Of these, 10 patients required only one acupuncture session, 3 patients required two sessions and 2 patients required three sessions. The HAI score improved after each round of acupuncture treatment (P<0.05). The average HAI score improved significantly post-acupuncture compared to baseline values pre-treatment (P<0.05). Symptoms accompanying the hiccups included pain in the diaphragmatic area (five patients), mild dyspnoea (three patients), dysphagia (two patients) and nausea/vomiting (one patient). All these accompanying symptoms disappeared at the point of resolution of the hiccups. There were no adverse effects related to acupuncture during the study period. Conclusion: Based on our results, acupuncture may represent a potential treatment option for hiccups after arthroplasty. Caution must be exercised, however, given the lack of a control group. Accordingly, randomised controlled trials will be required to verify the efficacy and effectiveness of acupuncture for the treatment of hiccups.
Transcutaneous electrical acupuncture point stimulation improves pregnancy outcomes in patients with recurrent implantation failure undergoing in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer: a prospective, randomised trial
Authors: Shuai Zhenhong , Li Xuemei , Tang Xuelian , Lian Fang , Sun Zhengao 
Published: March 2021

Objective: To evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupuncture stimulation (TEAS) on pregnancy outcomes in patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Methods: A total of 122 women with RIF undergoing fresh embryo transfer cycle IVF were randomly allocated to a TEAS or mock TEAS (MTEAS) group. Gonadotrophin therapy using a long protocol was provided in both groups. TEAS consisted of 30 min of stimulation (9–25 mA, 2 Hz) at SP6, CV3, CV4 and Zigong from day 5 of the ovarian stimulation cycle once every other day until the day of embryo transfer. The patients in the control group received MTEAS. Implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were compared. Results: In the TEAS group, the implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate (24.3%, 32.8% and 27.9%, respectively) were significantly higher than in the MTEAS group (12.1%, 16.4% and 13.1%, respectively). Conclusions: TEAS significantly improves the clinical outcomes of subsequent IVF cycles among women who have experienced RIF. Trial registration number: ChiCTR-TRC-14004730.
Acupuncture attenuates cognitive impairment, oxidative stress and NF-κB activation in cerebral multi-infarct rats
Authors: Yang Jing-Wen , Wang Xue-Rui , Ma Si-Ming , Yang Na-Na , Li Qian-Qian , Liu Cun-Zhi 
Published: March 2021

Backgroud: Patients with multiple infarct dementia (MID) have subtle deficits that commonly go unnoticed, and are at risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Oxidative stress induced by ischaemic injury results in intracellular calcium accumulation and neuronal apoptosis, leading to cognitive impairment by triggering various cellular signal transduction pathways. Several studies have suggested that NF-κB in the presence of p53 has a pro-apoptotic function in various models, but the mechanism is unclear. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate whether acupuncture could protect cognitive function against cerebral multi-infarction (CMi) induced oxidative stress by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and its target gene p53. Methods: An animal model of CMi was established by injecting homologous blood emboli into the right internal carotid artery of male Wistar rats. After 2 weeks of acupuncture treatment, cognitive function was detected by novel object recognition. Electron spin resonance and Fluo-3 fuorescence imaging were used to test the generation of ROS and intracellular calcium accumulation, respectively. Expression of NF-κB and p53 was examined by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. Results: CMi induced spatial learning and memory impairment, overproduction of intracellular hydroxyl radicals, and elevations of Ca2+, which were ameliorated by verum acupuncture treatment. Acupuncture inhibited activation of NF-κB and its downstream target gene p53. Conclusion: These findings suggest that acupuncture could protect cognitive function against oxidative stress induced by CMi, which is partially associated with suppression of NF-κB-p53 activation.
Acupuncture for overactive bladder in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mak Tony C , Chen Hai Yong , Cho William C 
Published: March 2021

Background: Overactive bladder is prevalent in adults over 40 years of age and its prevalence increases with age. The use of acupuncture in adults with overactive bladder is increasing globally. However, its effectiveness/efficacy and safety have not yet been confirmed. Objective: To determine the effectiveness/efficacy and safety of acupuncture and to identify the pattern of commonly used traditional acupuncture points in the management of overactive bladder in adults. Methods: Ten electronic English and Chinese language databases were systematically searched and two English together with four Chinese journals relevant to acupuncture were manually searched in libraries for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for overactive bladder in adults from their inception to March 2017. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs. RevMan v.5.3 software was employed for data analysis. Results: Seven eligible trials involving 695 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture was comparable to drugs (tolterodine tartrate/solifenacin) in the reduction of micturition episodes over 24 hours (pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.36, 95% CI −0.23 to 0.95; I2=83%), increase in voided volume of each micturition episode (pooled SMD −0.15, 95% CI −0.36 to 0.05; I2=0%), and reduction of overactive bladder symptom score (pooled SMD −0.23, 95% CI −1.30 to 0.85; I2=91%). In addition, acupuncture was not significantly different compared with placebo in the reduction of overactive bladder symptom score (pooled SMD −2.36, 95% CI −5.64 to 0.93; I2=97%). No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: No significant differences in effectiveness or efficacy were found between acupuncture and drug or between verum and sham acupuncture, respectively. Further high-quality studies are required.
Assessment of the quality of reporting in studies of acupuncture for patients with cancer using the STRICTA guidelines
Authors: Hughes John G , Lewith George , MacPherson Hugh , Witt Claudia M , Cummings Mike , Fisher Peter 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: There has been a burgeoning of research evaluating acupuncture for various symptoms of cancer and the side-effects associated with its treatment. A systematic review was conducted to examine the quality of reporting in published studies of acupuncture in cancer according to the STRICTA (STandards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture) guidelines. Methods: Systematic review of published research of acupuncture for symptoms of cancer and the side-effects associated with its treatment. Databases searched were: Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane (all databases), Scopus, and PubMed from their inception to December 2014. Clinical trials, pilot/feasibility studies, observational studies, and case studies were included. Only full journal papers published in English were included. The quality of reporting was evaluated using STRICTA guidelines. Each included paper was assessed by two independent reviewers, with disagreements adjudicated by a third reviewer. Results: 88 papers were identified which met the inclusion criteria. The median number of STRICTA items reported in trials with a control or comparator arm (n=47) was 14 out of 17 (range 8 to 17, IQR 4). For studies without a control or comparator arm the median was 11 out of a possible 15 (range 5 to 15, IQR 3). Key weaknesses in reporting included details of other components of treatments, and details of the acupuncturist administering treatments. Conclusions: Despite the widespread use of the STRICTA guidelines in acupuncture research, adherence remains poor for a few specific items. Further research is required to explore the reasons why authors fail to report those items, and to develop strategies to improve the adherence to the guidelines.
Health of mothers of children with a life-limiting condition: a comparative cohort study
Authors: Fraser Lorna K , Murtagh Fliss EM , Aldridge Jan , Sheldon Trevor , Gilbody Simon , Hewitt Catherine 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveThis study aimed to quantify the incidence rates of common mental and physical health conditions in mothers of children with a life-limiting condition.MethodsComparative national longitudinal cohort study using linked primary and secondary care data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink in England. Maternal–child dyads were identified in these data. Maternal physical and mental health outcomes were identified in the primary and secondary care datasets using previously developed diagnostic coding frameworks. Incidence rates of the outcomes were modelled using Poisson regression, adjusting for deprivation, ethnicity and age and accounting for time at risk.ResultsA total of 35 683 mothers; 8950 had a child with a life-limiting condition, 8868 had a child with a chronic condition and 17 865 had a child with no long-term condition.The adjusted incidence rates of all of the physical and mental health conditions were significantly higher in the mothers of children with a life-limiting condition when compared with those mothers with a child with no long-term condition (eg, depression: incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.21, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.30; cardiovascular disease: IRR 1.73, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.36; death in mothers: IRR 1.59, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.18).ConclusionThis study clearly demonstrates the higher incidence rates of common and serious physical and mental health problems and death in mothers of children with a life-limiting condition. Further research is required to understand how best to support these mothers, but healthcare providers should consider how they can target this population to provide preventative and treatment services.
Fresh insights on properties of particle fluxes in cosmic rays measured with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the international space station
Authors: Li Ziyuan , Feng Jie 
Published: March 2021

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer is a particle physics detector focusing on the search for dark matter, the existence of antimatter, the origin and composition of cosmic rays from primordial sources in the universe and the exploration of new physics in space. Important features of the elementary particle (proton, antiproton, positron and election) fluxes in cosmic rays are presented: (1) The proton spectrum has a smooth hardening from 200 GeV; (2) antiproton and positron spectra show excess from traditional physics background; (3) in particular, the positron flux shows a source term with a cutoff energy of 810 GeV, which raises the question of its source; (4) the origin of the energetic electrons is different from that of positrons and (5) the identical momentum dependence of primary and secondary cosmic ray nuclei fluxes are also reviewed.
Risk Assessment of Logistics Enterprises Using FMEA Under Free Double Hierarchy Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Environments
Authors: Shen Mengjiao , Liu Peide 
Published: March 2021

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is an effective tool for prioritization of the failures by identifying and eliminating potential risks, free double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (FDHHFLTS) can describe the hesitation more accurately and reasonably by adding the free second hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic terms, and multiattribute decision-making (MADM) methods have advantages in ranking and selecting different alternatives. By considering the advantages of MADM methods and FMEA model, in this paper, we propose a novel model to evaluate the risk failure modes (FMs) under FDHHFLTS context. First, an extended Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) method is proposed to address the risk assessment problems. The proposed risk assessment model is utilized to assess and rank the FMs to address the limitations of the traditional FMEA. Second, a weight determination model is constructed based on the Kemeny Median (KEM) method and Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method, which can make the weight more practical and effective under the situation of completely unknown weights. Finally, the proposed model is used to the case of logistics enterprises’ risk assessment. The application of the case shows the feasibility of the proposed model, and the comparisons with some existing methods illustrate the advantages of the proposed risk assessment model.