bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing service availability and readiness to manage Chronic Respiratory Diseases (CRDs) in Bangladesh
Authors: Paromita Progga , Chowdhury Hasina Akhter , Mayaboti Cinderella Akbar , Rakhshanda Shagoofa , Rahman A. K. M. Fazlur , Karim Md. Rizwanul , Mashreky Saidur Rahman 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
Chronic Respiratory Diseases (CRDs) are some of the most prevailing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide and cause three times higher morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) than in developed nations. In Bangladesh, there is a dearth of data about the quality of CRD management in health facilities. This study aims to describe CRD service availability and readiness at all tiers of health facilities using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) tool.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to June 2018 in a total of 262 health facilities in Bangladesh using the WHO SARA Standard Tool. Surveys were conducted with facility management personnel by trained data collectors using REDCap software. Descriptive statistics for the availability of CRD services were calculated. Composite scores for facility readiness (Readiness Index ‘RI’) were created which included four domains: staff and guideline, basic equipment, diagnostic capacity, and essential medicines. RI was calculated for each domain as the mean score of items expressed as a percentage. Indices were compared to a cutoff of70% which means that a facility index above 70% is considered ‘ready’ to manage CRDs at that level. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS Vr 21.0.

Results
It was found, tertiary hospitals were the only hospitals that surpassed the readiness index cutoff of 70%, indicating that they had adequate capacity and were ready to manage CRDs (RI 78.3%). The mean readiness scores for the other hospital tiers in descending order were District Hospitals (DH): 40.6%, Upazila Health Complexes (UHC): 33.3% and Private NGOs: 39.5%).

Conclusion
Only tertiary care hospitals, constituting 3.1% of sampled health facilities, were found ready to manage CRD. Inadequate and unequal supplies of medicine as well as a lack of trained staff, guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of CRDs, equipment, and diagnostic facilities contributed to low readiness index scores in all other tiers of health facilities.
Novel outpatient management of mild to moderate COVID-19 spares hospital capacity and safeguards patient outcome: The Geneva PneumoCoV-Ambu study
Authors: Chevallier Lugon Chloé , Smit Mikaela , Salamun Julien , Abderrahmane Meriem , Braillard Olivia , Nehme Mayssam , Jacquerioz Bausch Frédérique , Guessous Idris , Spechbach Hervé 
Published: March 2021

Background
Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), is creating an unprecedented burden on health care systems across the world due to its high rate of pneumonia-related hospitalizations. This study presents recommendations for the outpatient management of moderate SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia implemented at the Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, from April 4 to June 30, 2020 and evaluated the impact of these recommendations on patient safety, patient satisfaction, and overall hospital capacity.

Methods
Recommendations for the outpatient management of moderate pneumonia implemented in the Geneva University Hospital (PneumoCoV-Ambu) between April 4 and June 30, 2020, were evaluated prospectively. The primary endpoint was hospitalization. Secondary endpoints were: severity of COVID-19 disease based on a 7-points ordinal scale assessed at 1 and 2 months following SARS-CoV-2 infection; patient satisfaction using a satisfaction survey and the analysis of number of beds and costs potentially averted.

Results
A total of 36 patients with COVID-19-related pneumonia were followed between April 4 and May 5, 2020. Five patients (14%) were hospitalized and none died over a median of 30 days follow-up. The majority of patients (n = 31; 86%) were satisfied with the ambulatory care they received. These novel recommendations for outpatient management resulted in sparing an estimated potential 124 hospital bed-nights and CHF 6’826 per capita averted hospitalization costs over the three months period.

Conclusions
Recommendations developed for the outpatient management of COVID-19-related pneumonia were able to spare hospital capacity without increasing adverse patient outcomes. Widely implementing such recommendations is crucial in preserving hospital capacity during this pandemic.
Non-invasive intradermal imaging of cystine crystals in cystinosis
Authors: Bengali Marya , Goodman Spencer , Sun Xiaoying , Dohil Magdalene A. , Dohil Ranjan , Newbury Robert , Lobry Tatiana , Hernandez Laura , Antignac Corinne , Jain Sonia , Cherqui Stephanie 
Published: March 2021

Importance
Development of noninvasive methodology to reproducibly measure tissue cystine crystal load to assess disease status and guide clinical care in cystinosis, an inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by widespread cystine crystal accumulation.

Objective
To develop an unbiased and semi-automated imaging methodology to quantify dermal cystine crystal accumulation in patients to correlate with disease status.

Design, setting and participants
101 participants, 70 patients and 31 healthy controls, were enrolled at the University of California, San Diego, Cystinosis Clinics, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego and at the annual Cystinosis Research Foundation family conference for an ongoing prospective longitudinal cohort study of cystinosis patients with potential yearly follow-up.

Exposures
Intradermal reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) imaging, blood collection via standard venipuncture, medical record collection, and occasional skin punch biopsies.

Main outcomes and measures
The primary outcome was to establish an automated measure of normalized confocal crystal volume (nCCV) for each subject. Secondary analysis examined the association of nCCV with various clinical indicators to assess nCCV’s possible predictive potential.

Results
Over 2 years, 57 patients diagnosed with cystinosis (median [range] age: 15.1 yrs [0.8, 54]; 41.4% female) were intradermally assessed by RCM to produce 84 image stacks. 27 healthy individuals (38.7 yrs [10, 85]; 53.1% female) were also imaged providing 37 control image stacks. Automated 2D crystal area quantification revealed that patients had significantly elevated crystal accumulation within the superficial dermis. 3D volumetric analysis of this region was significantly higher in patients compared to healthy controls (mean [SD]: 1934.0 μm3 [1169.1] for patients vs. 363.1 μm3 [194.3] for controls, P<0.001). Medical outcome data was collected from 43 patients with infantile cystinosis (media [range] age: 11 yrs [0.8, 54]; 51% female). nCCV was positively associated with hypothyroidism (OR = 19.68, 95% CI: [1.60, 242.46], P = 0.02) and stage of chronic kidney disease (slope estimate = 0.53, 95%CI: [0.05, 1.00], P = 0.03).

Conclusions and relevance
This study used non-invasive RCM imaging to develop an intradermal cystine crystal quantification method. Results showed that cystinosis patients had increased nCCV compared to healthy controls. Level of patient nCCV correlated with several clinical outcomes suggesting nCCV may be used as a potential new biomarker for cystinosis to monitor long-term disease control and medication compliance.
Bombay Hustle: Making Movies in a Colonial City, Debashree Mukherjee (2020)
Authors: Arvikar Hrishikesh 
Published: March 2021

Review of: Bombay Hustle: Making Movies in a Colonial City, Debashree Mukherjee (2020)
New York: Columbia University Press, 443 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-23119-618-5, p/bk, ₹699
FaMI Reloaded
Authors: Holste-Flinspach Karin 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die 1998 in Kraft getretene Berufsausbildung zum / zur Fachangestellten für Medien- und Informationsdienste (FaMI) ist in die Jahre gekommen. Ausgelöst vor allem durch den zunehmend gesehenen Novellierungsbedarf in der Bibliotheksöffentlichkeit und deren Berufsverbänden (hauptsächlich des BIB) hat nunmehr die Voruntersuchung der FaMI-Berufsausbildung durch das Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung nach Beauftragung durch das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie und das Bundesinnenministerium im Einvernehmen mit dem Bundesbildungsministerium begonnen. Untersucht wird die Aktualität der Ausbildungsinhalte und der sich daraus ergebenden Änderungsnotwendigkeiten der Ausbildungsinhalte in Ausbildungsordnung und Rahmenlehrplan.
Ein virtueller Spaziergang durch kirchliche Bibliotheken im deutschen Sprachraum und die Bibliotheken des Vatikans
Authors: Tausch Arno 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Dieser Artikel betrachtet mit ausgewählten Indikatoren der Katalogentwicklung die Bedeutung und Leistungsfähigkeit kirchlicher Bibliotheken im deutschen Sprachraum und der Bibliotheken des Vatikans. Der Artikel dokumentiert zunächst die elektronischen Zugangsmöglichkeiten zu diesen Bibliotheken und listet dann die Zahlen der Bestände mit Titelwörtern aktueller prägender Ereignisse, Begriffe und gesellschaftspolitischer Debatten des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts auf. Da ein guter Teil der heutigen gesellschaftspolitischen Literatur auf Englisch publiziert wird, wurden englischsprachige Titel-Suchprofilworte verwendet.
Die Bibliotheken wurden auch nach dem Vorhandensein der Werke von zwei für das Engagement der Weltkirche sehr prägenden Autoren getestet. Dies waren die Werke von Jules Isaac, 1877–1963, weil er jener jüdische Autor war, der zur epochalen Konzilserklärung „Nostra Aetate“ 1965 beitrug, die den kirchlichen Antisemitismus von zwei Jahrtausenden beenden sollte, und die Werke von Thomas Piketty, der heute zum Problem der Ungleichheit einen fundamentalen Beitrag leistet. Sowohl Klimawandel als auch Ungleichheit spielen im Lehramt von Papst Franziskus eine herausragende Rolle.
Wir erfassen die internationale Katalogentwicklung zu den genannten Themen an Hand des OCLC Worldcat, und stellen dann fest, wieviel Promille dieser weltweiten Literatur in den kirchlichen Bibliotheken des deutschen Sprachraums, in der Vatikanbibliothek und in der Bibliothek der Jesuitenuniversität Gregoriana in Rom vorhanden ist.
Der Befund ist, dass die Vatikanbibliothek und auch die Bibliotheken der Päpstlichen Universitäten nicht auf der Höhe der Zeit und – bezogen auf die internationale Katalogentwicklung – absolut mangelhaft sind. Hinzu kommt, dass die Vatikanbibliothek selbst eine Sammlung nationalsozialistischer und faschistischer Literatur besitzt, die von Adolf Hitler über Alfred Rosenberg bis zu Antonio Salazar reicht. Selbst im Kernbereich der Bibliothek des Vatikans – der Theologie – gibt es aus der Sicht einer Weltkirche, wie Papst Franziskus sie versteht, große Lücken: Nur ein einziges Buch ist vorhanden – eine Schrift mit dem Vorwort von Gustavo Gutierrez, dem bedeutendsten Vertreter der Befreiungstheologie Lateinamerikas.
Design of a structure model set for inorganic compounds based on ping-pong balls linked with snap buttons
Authors: Horikoshi Ryo , Higashino Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Yoji , Kageyama Hiroshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Structure model sets for inorganic compounds are generally expensive; their distribution to all students in a class is therefore usually impractical. We have therefore developed a structure model set to illustrate inorganic compounds. The set is constructed with inexpensive materials: ping-pong balls, and snap buttons. The structure model set can be used to illustrate isomerism in coordination compounds and periodic structures of ceramic perovskites. A hands-on activity using the structure model set was developed for high school students and was well-received by them. Despite the concepts being slightly advanced for them, the students’ retention of the knowledge gained through the activity was tested a week after they completed the activity and was found to be relatively high, demonstrating the usefulness of the activity based on the structure model set.
Microstructure and mechanical property improvement of dissimilar metal joints for TC4 Ti alloy to Nitinol NiTi alloy by laser welding
Authors: Zhang Yan , Yu DeShui , Zhou JianPing , Sun DaQian , Li HongMei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To avoid the formation of Ti-Ni intermetallics in a joint, three laser welding processes for Ti alloy–NiTi alloy joints were introduced. Sample A was formed while a laser acted at the Ti alloy–NiTi alloy interface, and the joint fractured along the weld centre line immediately after welding without filler metal. Sample B was formed while the laser acted on a Cu interlayer. The average tensile strength of sample B was 216 MPa. Sample C was formed while the laser acted 1.2 mm on the Ti alloy side. The one-pass welding process involved the creation of a joint with one fusion weld and one diffusion weld separated by the remaining unmelted Ti alloy. The mechanical performance of sample C was determined by the diffusion weld formed at the Ti alloy–NiTi alloy interface with a tensile strength of 256 MPa.
N-soliton solutions and the Hirota conditions in (1 + 1)-dimensions
Authors: Ma Wen-Xiu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We analyze N-soliton solutions and explore the Hirota N-soliton conditions for scalar (1 + 1)-dimensional equations, within the Hirota bilinear formulation. An algorithm to verify the Hirota conditions is proposed by factoring out common factors out of the Hirota function in N wave vectors and comparing degrees of the involved polynomials containing the common factors. Applications to a class of generalized KdV equations and a class of generalized higher-order KdV equations are made, together with all proofs of the existence of N-soliton solutions to all equations in two classes.
Use of cannabinoids for the treatment of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Forsythe Marika L. , Boileau Andrew J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a diagnosis of extreme anxiety caused by a traumatic event. Less than 10% of individuals who have experienced severe trauma will develop this disorder. Treatment options include various psychotherapies, but not all patients respond to them. Different pharmacological approaches have been explored as potential adjuvants, including using cannabinoids to target the endocannabinoid system to reduce the symptoms and enhance extinction training over the associated fear memories. This review was aimed to determine the effects of using cannabinoids for treatment of PTSD.

Content
For this review, four cohort studies, four randomized clinical trials, one case report, and one case series were obtained from PubMed within the last 10 years. Cannabis extracts, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), and synthetic cannabinoids were used in the studies to target the cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2. Cannabinoids were shown to improve overall PTSD symptoms, including sleep quality and quantity, hyperarousal, and treatment-resistant nightmares. When participants were undergoing extinction training, cannabinoids given within the same time interval enhanced consolidation and retention.

Summary and Outlook
Cannabinoids have been shown to be an effective treatment option for patients with PTSD. Besides aiding to relieve the symptoms and enhance extinction training, they also are relatively well tolerated. Common adverse effects included light-headedness, forgetfulness, dizziness, and headaches.
Efficacy of implementing intermittent STOP THE BLEED® reviews on long term retention of hemorrhage control skills of first year medical students
Authors: Sainbayar Enkhtsogt , Holt Nathan , Jacobson Amber , Bhatia Shalini , Weaver Christina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Context
Some medical schools integrate STOP THE BLEED® training into their curricula to teach students how to identify and stop life threatening bleeds; these classes that are taught as single day didactic and hands-on training sessions without posttraining reviews. To improve retention and confidence in hemorrhage control, additional review opportunities are necessary.

Objectives
To investigate whether intermittent STOP THE BLEED® reviews were effective for long term retention of hemorrhage control skills and improving perceived confidence.

Methods
First year osteopathic medical students were asked to complete an eight item survey (five Likert scale and three quiz format questions) before (pretraining) and after (posttraining) completing a STOP THE BLEED® training session. After the surveys were collected, students were randomly assigned to one of two study groups. Over a 12 week intervention period, each group watched a 4 min STOP THE BLEED® review video (intervention group) or a “distractor” video (control group) at 4 week intervals. After the 12 weeks, the students were asked to complete an 11 item survey.

Results
Scores on the posttraining survey were higher than the pretraining survey. The median score on the five Likert scale items was 23 points for the posttraining survey and 14 points for the pretraining survey. Two of the three knowledge based quiz format questions significantly improved from pretraining to posttraining (both p<0.001). On the 11 item postintervention survey, both groups performed similarly on the three quiz questions (all p>0.18), but the intervention group had much higher scores on the Likert scale items than the control group regarding their confidence in their ability to identify and control bleeding (intervention group median = 21.4 points vs. control group median = 16.8 points).

Conclusions
Intermittent review videos for STOP THE BLEED® training improved medical students’ confidence in their hemorrhage control skills, but the videos did not improve their ability to correctly answer quiz-format questions compared with the control group.
Incidence of diabetes in children and adolescents in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Zabeen Bedowra , Maniam Jayanthi , Balsa Ana Margarida Morrão , Tayyeb Samin , Huda Kamrul , Azad Kishwar , Ogle Graham David 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Bangladesh has limited information regarding incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in young people. The objective of this study was to measure minimum incidence of T1D and T2D, and record other types of new-onset diabetes in children and adolescents <20 years (y), in Dhaka District, Bangladesh, from 2011–2018.

Methods
Retrospective study using clinical records from Diabetic Association of Bangladesh clinics. Cases were classified by clinical evaluation.

Results
725 cases were diagnosed. 482 (66.5%) had T1D, 205 (28.3%) T2D, 14 (1.9%) fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes, and 24 (3.3%) other types. Male:female ratios for T1D/T2D were 1:1.6 (p<0.0001) (T1D) and 1:1.4 (p<0.01) respectively. T1D cases by age-group were 7.3% (0–4 y), 19.9% (5–9 y), 43.6% (10–14 y) and 29.3% (15–19 y). Mean ± SD ages of onset were 12.3 ± 4.2 y (T1D) and 13.1 ± 2.4 y (T2D). Annual T1D mean incidences/100,000 were 1.22 [95%CI: 0.85–1.58] (<15 y) and 1.25 [0.94–1.57] (<20 y), and for T2D 0.52 [0.33–0.73] (<20 y). T1D incidence <15 y was 1.04 [0.69–1.39] in 2011 and 1.42 [1.04–1.80] in 2018 (p=0.08). T2D incidence rose from 0.22 [0.80–0.36] (2011) to 0.57 [0.36–0.77] (2018), an annualized increase of 12% [8–22%] (p=0.001). Ascertainment was estimated as 95%.

Conclusions
T1D was most common, but T2D, FCPD and other forms also occur. T2D incidence increased during the study period.
Effect of using graphene/water based nanofluid on heat transfer in heat exchangers with rotating straight inner tube
Authors: Koca T. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this research, the effect of nanofluids including graphite and water on the heat transfer enhancement in heat Exchangers with both straight and rotational inner tube were examined. Nano-fluids including graphite and water were obtained at 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 %volume concentrations by means of pure water as a base fluid. The aim of the study is to experimentally investigate and compare the influence of straight inner tube on the performance of a double tube heat exchanger at different flow rates, different capacity ratios (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1), different rotation rates (0 RPM, 100 RPM, 150 RPM, 200 RPM, 300 RPM, 500 RPM and 750 RPM) and by using nanofluid including graphite and water volume at values of 0.01, 0.02, 0.03%. In the experiments the flow is turbulent. In order to determine the heat transfer enhancement, the experimental datas were compared for pure water and nano-fluids. According to the results, Nusselt number, pressure loss, efficiency of heat exchanger were gauge. By the results achieved from experiments, correlations for Nusselt number have been reproduce and experimental data have been compared with ones in the literature by drawing graphics. The experiment that provides the best increase in heat transfer is the nanofluid including 0.02% volume concentrations of graphene/water at 500RPM speed.
The simulation research on the natural circulation operation characteristic of FNPP in rolling and inclined condition
Authors: Li R. , Peng M. , Xia G. , Li H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recently, the FNPP (Floating Nuclear Power Plant) has got more and more attention and rapid development due to very wide prospect application on remote areas or islands. In general, the IPWR (Integral Pressurized Water Reactor) is adopted to meet the requirements of the limited space, the nuclear safety and the maneuverability in marine. The IPWR could depend on natural circulation operation to remove the residual heat of core under accident or low load operation condition. Because the driving head is low, the natural circulation flow is likely to be influenced by rolling and inclined condition. To clarify the natural circulation flow characteristics of the core in FNPP rolling motion and inclined condition, based on the modified THEATRe code by adding the ocean motion module and spatial coordinate convert module, the main thermal-hydraulic parameters variation in rolling and inclined condition were obtained. The effect of inclined angle, rolling amplitude and period on the natural circulation flow were discussed. The natural circulation flow in the core fluctuates periodically with rolling motion. And the inclination and rolling will also cause the degree of steam superheat of OTSG secondary side fluctuate, which could impact on the stable operation of secondary side system.
The crystal structure of acetato-κ1
O-{(2-(2-(2-aminophenoxy)ethoxy)phenyl)(4-oxo-4-phenylbut-2-en-2-yl)amido-κ2
N,N′,O}copper(II), C26H26CuN2O5
Authors: Yang Yuanyuan , Jin Li , Zuo Zhenyu , Yanhui Chen , Fang Chen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
C26H26CuN2O5, triclinic, P = 1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.8090(5) Å, b = 11.4984(6) Å, c = 12.3941(7) Å, α = 90.11°, β = 106.017(2)°, γ = 100.180(2)°, V = 1185.95(11) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0315, wRref

(F2) = 0.0869, T = 293 K.