bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Eye Tracking in Puzzle Games for Adjunct Cognitive Markers: Pilot Observational Study in Older Adults
Authors: Krebs Christine , Falkner Michael , Niklaus Joel , Persello Luca , Klöppel Stefan , Nef Tobias , Urwyler Prabitha 
Published: March 2021

Background
Recent studies suggest that computerized puzzle games are enjoyable, easy to play, and engage attentional, visuospatial, and executive functions. They may help mediate impairments seen in cognitive decline in addition to being an assessment tool. Eye tracking provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of gaze, which is highly useful in understanding visual search behavior.

Objective
The goal of the research was to test the feasibility of eye tracking during a puzzle game and develop adjunct markers for cognitive performance using eye-tracking metrics.

Methods
A desktop version of the Match-3 puzzle game with 15 difficulty levels was developed using Unity 3D (Unity Technologies). The goal of the Match-3 puzzle was to find configurations (target patterns) that could be turned into a row of 3 identical game objects (tiles) by swapping 2 adjacent tiles. Difficulty levels were created by manipulating the puzzle board size (all combinations of width and height from 4 to 8) and the number of unique tiles on the puzzle board (from 4 to 8). Each level consisted of 4 boards (ie, target patterns to match) with one target pattern each. In this study, the desktop version was presented on a laptop computer setup with eye tracking. Healthy older subjects were recruited to play a full set of 15 puzzle levels. A paper-pencil–based assessment battery was administered prior to the Match-3 game. The gaze behavior of all participants was recorded during the game. Correlation analyses were performed on eye-tracking data correcting for age to examine if gaze behavior pertains to target patterns and distractor patterns and changes with puzzle board size (set size). Additionally, correlations between cognitive performance and eye movement metrics were calculated.

Results
A total of 13 healthy older subjects (mean age 70.67 [SD 4.75] years; range 63 to 80 years) participated in this study. In total, 3 training and 12 test levels were played by the participants. Eye tracking recorded 672 fixations in total, 525 fixations on distractor patterns and 99 fixations on target patterns. Significant correlations were found between executive functions (Trail Making Test B) and number of fixations on distractor patterns (P=.01) and average fixations (P=.005).

Conclusions
Overall, this study shows that eye tracking in puzzle games can act as a supplemental source of data for cognitive performance. The relationship between a paper-pencil test for executive functions and fixations confirms that both are related to the same cognitive processes. Therefore, eye movement metrics might be used as an adjunct marker for cognitive abilities like executive functions. However, further research is needed to evaluate the potential of the various eye movement metrics in combination with puzzle games as visual search and attentional marker.
Barriers to Use of Remote Monitoring Technologies Used to Support Patients With COVID-19: Rapid Review
Authors: Houlding Elizabeth , Mate Kedar K V , Engler Kim , Ortiz-Paredes David , Pomey Marie-Pascale , Cox Joseph , Hijal Tarek , Lebouché Bertrand 
Published: March 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has acted as a catalyst for the development and adoption of a broad range of remote monitoring technologies (RMTs) in health care delivery. It is important to demonstrate how these technologies were implemented during the early stages of this pandemic to identify their application and barriers to adoption, particularly among vulnerable populations.

Objective
The purpose of this knowledge synthesis was to present the range of RMTs used in delivering care to patients with COVID-19 and to identify perceived benefits of and barriers to their use. The review placed a special emphasis on health equity considerations.

Methods
A rapid review of published research was conducted using Embase, MEDLINE, and QxMD for records published from the inception of COVID-19 (December 2019) to July 6, 2020. Synthesis involved content analysis of reported benefits of and barriers to the use of RMTs when delivering health care to patients with COVID-19, in addition to health equity considerations.

Results
Of 491 records identified, 48 publications that described 35 distinct RMTs were included in this review. RMTs included use of existing technologies (eg, videoconferencing) and development of new ones that have COVID-19–specific applications. Content analysis of perceived benefits generated 34 distinct codes describing advantages of RMTs, mapped to 10 themes overall. Further, 52 distinct codes describing barriers to use of RMTs were mapped to 18 themes. Prominent themes associated with perceived benefits included a lower burden of care (eg, for hospitals, health care practitioners; 28 records), reduced infection risk (n=33), and support for vulnerable populations (n=14). Prominent themes reflecting barriers to use of RMTs included equity-related barriers (eg, affordability of technology for users, poor internet connectivity, poor health literacy; n=16), the need for quality “best practice” guidelines for use of RMTs in clinical care (n=12), and the need for additional resources to develop and support new technologies (n=11). Overall, 23 of 48 records commented on equity characteristics that stratify health opportunities and outcomes, including general characteristics that vary over time (eg, age, comorbidities; n=17), place of residence (n=11), and socioeconomic status (n=7).

Conclusions
Results of this rapid review highlight the breadth of RMTs being used to monitor and inform treatment of COVID-19, the potential benefits of using these technologies, and existing barriers to their use. Results can be used to prioritize further efforts in the implementation of RMTs (eg, developing “best practice” guidelines for use of RMTs and generating strategies to improve equitable access for marginalized populations).
Early replacement of ankylosed first molar via mesial root movement facilitates bone formation and normal eruption of the third molar
Authors: Park Sun-Hyung , Koo Yun-Jin , Keum Byeong-Tak , Chun Joo-Hee , Lee Kee-Joon 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Ankylosis of a molar during active growth leads to a significant vertical bone defect, extrusion of the opposing molar, and inclination of adjacent teeth. Treatment timing is an essential factor for the patient's quality of life. Early extraction of the ankylosed molar and protraction of the second molar is challenging because of the difficulty of tooth movement and the uncertainty of the normal eruption of the third molar. In view of the uncertainty of eruption of the mandibular third molar, it is essential to assess the potential for eruption according to the developmental stage of the third molar and to secure sufficient space for eruption. In this case report, a girl with an ankylosed right mandibular first molar and an advanced vertical bone defect was treated via early extraction of the ankylosed molar along with the intrusion of the maxillary molar and mesial root movement of the second molar before the initiation of third molar root formation. Restoration of the vertical bone defect was noted at the end of treatment. In addition, spontaneous eruption of the third molar was observed, which was in contrast to the mesioangular impaction of the contralateral third molar. This case emphasizes the importance of treatment timing to increase the chance of utilization of the third molar.
Pasión por vivir, pasión por crear. La poesía de Ana María Fagundo: una estética singular
Authors: Sánchez Dueñas Blas 
Published: March 2021

Ana María Fagundo fue una poeta independiente y singular que hizo de la literatura un espacio propio desde el que indagar en pos del conocimiento y desde el que forjar un proyecto vital exclusivo como persona y como creadora. Desde la composición de su primer libro, la poesía pasó a convertirse en parte indisoluble de su ser y de su estar en el mundo hasta llegar a configurar un paisanaje literario propio vertebrado sobre dos claves esenciales: la creación como ámbito autóctono desde el que conformar vidas a través de la palabra y la defensa y afirmación de la vida frente al vacío y la incomunicación de las sociedades postmodernas. La presente investigación se centra en el análisis de estos dos aspectos por considerase como principios indispensables de su concepción poética y en abrir nuevas propuestas discursivas con respecto a otras particularidades de su obra con especial atención a su libro Desde Chanatel, el canto, al reunirse en él algunos de los motivos medulares de su particular universo lírico.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PENERAPAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH KONVERSI PADA BANK ACEH SYARIAH
Authors: Sharah Ranny , Haridhi Musfiari 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to see differences in the implementation of Good Corporate Governance in Bank Aceh Syariah before and after cut off. The type of this study is descriptive qualitative. The object of this study is Good Corporate Governance Bank Aceh Syariah. The type of data is secondary data as corporate annual reports of 2014-2017. The results of this study show that there was no significant difference in the implementation of Good Corporate Governance in Bank Aceh Syariah for the year of this research. The mechanism and tools for the effective implementation of Good Corporate Governance are relatively the same. There was additional organizational structure after cut off in the implementation of Good Corporate Governance with the establishment of a Sharia Supervisory Board, tasked with overseeing the business activities of the bank to fit the Fatwa of The National Sharia Council
Blood rheological and electrical properties and relationships with the microvascular tone regulation in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Antonova N. M. , Paskova V. K. , Velcheva I. V. 
Published: March 2021

Aim. The study aims to evaluate impairment of the rheological and electrical properties of blood, plasma viscosity and blood conductivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison with the data of the control group of healthy individuals. It also aims to investigate the changes of the skin blood flow responses to cold stress in T2DM patients through wavelet analysis of the peripheral skin temperature pulsations and to estimate their relationships with the blood viscosity and blood conductivity parameters, obtained from the simulation of experimental data with mathematical equations.Materials and methods. The whole blood viscosity was measured by Contraves LS30 viscometer (Switzerland) at a steady flow in 9 healthy individuals and in 13 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Time variation of whole blood conductivity σ under transient flow at rectangular and trapezium shaped Couette viscometric flow and under electric field of 2 kHz was determined. The amplitudes of the skin temperature pulsations (ASTP) were monitored by «Microtest» device («FM-Diagnostics», Russia). To analyze the temperature fluctuations, wavelet transformation analysis of the low amplitude oscillations of skin temperature in accordance with myogenic (0.05–0.14 Hz), neurogenic (0.02–0.05 Hz), and endothelial (0.0095–0.02 Hz) control mechanisms of the vascular tone (WAST method) was applied.Results. Blood viscosity was increased in the T2DM patients’ group, while blood conductivity decreased in comparison to controls. Two sigmoidal equations were applied to describe the kinetics of blood conductivity. Both models include conductivity indices (σ1 , σ2 , σ3 ) and time indices too. The Pearson correlations between these parameters and the ASTP in the frequency ranges, corresponding to the myogenic, neurogenic and endothelial mechanisms of the microcirculation tone regulation were analyzed. The correlation analysis revealed good ASTP–(σ1 , σ2 , σ3 ) relationships in the neurogenic range 3 minutes after the cold test, while the ASTP–(σ1 , σ2 , σ3 ) correlation in the myogenic frequency range before the cold test was negative (r<–0.8, p<0.5).Conclusion. The results complement the studies of the microvascular regulatory mechanisms and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as their relationships with the rheological and electrical properties of blood.
Trend of health worker’s strike at a Tertiary Health Institution in North Central Nigeria
Authors: Nyango Dalyop Davou , Mutihir Josiah Turi 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:
Workers’ strike is a global phenomenon since antiquity. In Nigeria, health-care sector has been rocked by series of strikes spanning variable periods with immeasurable losses. Ethical consideration and inter-professional rivalry are the main concern attracting much debate in the health sector. The objectives of the study were to determine the trend of health worker’s strike actions, the main agitators, and to make some recommendations.

Material and Methods:
This was a retrospective study of the labor ward records of the Jos University Teaching Hospital from January 1, 1985, to December 31, 2019, duration of 35 years. The data were collated and analyzed using simple percentages and the figures corrected to the nearest decimal point.

Results:
A total of 42 strike actions, about 2 strikes/year. The trend shows a multi-modal pattern, with the highest peak of 5 strikes in 2004 and 2013. There were cumulatively 58.5 months of strikes out of the 442 months of the period of study, giving a percentage of 13.2%. While doctors had more frequent strikes (52.3%), non-doctors under the umbrella of Joint Health Sector Union and nurse/midwives accounted for over half (58.1%) of the duration of the strikes. The resident doctors are the main agitators of doctors’ strike accounting for about half (45.2%) of the total health workers’ strikes, while NMA accounted for only 3 (9.4.%). Most strike actions occur at the end of the year, with spill into the first quarter of the following year.

Conclusion:
Health workers’ strike remains a perennial problem. Inter-professional rivalry is a major challenge in the health sector with far reaching implication without immediate government intervention. Addressing challenges in the residency training program will go a long way in reducing doctors’ unrest in the health sector.
AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING SHU IN COOPERATIVES OF MICRO BUSINESS AND LABOR COOPERATIVE DEPARTMENT IN KEDIRI CITY
Authors: Supriyadi Stevanus Gatot , Jatmika Dodik 
Published: March 2021

This research aims to determine: (1) the effect of the members number on the remaining business results (SHU), (2) the effect of the loans amount on the remaining business results, (3) the effect of the working amount capital on the remaining business results (SHU), (4) Number of Members, Amount of Loans, and Amount of Working Capital, to Remaining Business Results (SHU) under the auspices of the 2016 micro business and labor cooperative office in Kediri.
The research population consisted of 64 cooperatives in 2016 spread over 3 sub-districts in Kediri City. Data collection method with documentation. The data analysis techniques used include 1) Classic Assumption Test which includes Normality Test, Linearity Test, Multicollinearity Test, Autocorrelation Test, Heteroscedasticity Test, 2) Hypothesis Testing using simple regression method, multiple regression,
The results showed that: (1) there is no significant partial effect of the variable number of members (X1) on the residual income (Y) of the cooperative in Kediri City, (2) there is no significant partial effect of the variable amount of member loans (X2) on remaining results of business (Y) at the cooperative in Kediri City.
Keywords: Number of Members, Amount of Loans, Amount of Capital, and Remaining Business Results
Prevalence and patterns of chronic communicable and non-communicable diseases multimorbidity in sub-Saharan Africa: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Disang Mpho R , Weller David , Campbell Christine 
Published: March 2021

Background The burden of multimorbidity is rising globally. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the growing prevalence of non-communicable diseases alongside the already existing high burden of chronic communicable diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presents a complex form of multimorbidity relative to patterns observed in high income countries. There is a gap in understanding the true burden of multimorbidity in SSA, in particular at interface of chronic communicable and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The primary objective of this systematic review is to identify, evaluate and summarise the evidence on the prevalence and patterns of chronic communicable and NCDs multimorbidity in SSA. Methods and analysis This protocol was developed in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. A comprehensive search will be conducted on selected electronic databases including Medline, Embase, African Journals Online, based on a predefined search strategy for observational studies reporting primary data on multimorbidity from any country in the SSA region. Additionally, we will explore grey literature databases and check reference lists of included studies. Study selection, assessment of quality of included studies and data extraction will be carried out independently by two reviewers. A narrative synthesis will be conducted and meta-analysis will be carried out where applicable. Conclusion The proposed systematic review will provide insights into the interface of chronic communicable diseases and NCDs in SSA. We expect this will provide additional insights into the true picture of multimorbidity in the region and assist policy makers to design appropriate prevention and management strategies. This review does not require ethical approval. Upon completion, it will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, and disseminated through relevant academic conferences. Prospero registration: CRD42020183539
Using Google Trends to assess COVID-19 related web search behaviour in Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Ajbar Aymane , Boumaaza Mourad , Ajbar Abdelhamid M 
Published: March 2021

Background The relatively small, populated countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates) of the Arabian Peninsula have recorded high per-capita COVID-19 infection rates. These countries also have a high internet penetrance rate with a large Google share. Google Trends is a freely accessible online tool that allows the user to analyze trends in public Google searches during a given period and across a specified region. This paper investigates the use of this tool to study public awareness of COVID-19 in the selected countries. Methods The information sought by the public in the selected countries was grouped into three categories: (i) Coronavirus search item, (ii) COVID-19 symptoms, and (iii) protection measures. Data from Google Trends were analyzed using Joinpoint software. This approach enabled searches with a meaningful trend to be delineated and allowed them to be ranked by order of importance. Results Overall, public interest in COVID-19 was found to be associated with seven symptoms (fever, cough, sore throat, headache, loss of smell, shortness of breath, and chest pain), and four preventive measures (social distancing, quarantine, hand sanitizers, and masks). However, Google trends found some disparities between the studied countries. Conclusions Despite its limitations, Google Trends can be useful in uncovering the major areas of public interest in COVID-19 for countries with high internet penetrance rates. Data from Google Trends could be used as part of a health communication strategy to identify information needs and establish appropriate communication strategies to tackle the pandemic.
Conocimiento de cáncer de mama y factores sociodemográficos, acceso y atención en salud en mujeres consultantes en centros oncológicos, Cartagena – Colombia
Authors: Castro Bocanegra Verónica Del Carmen , Tuesca Molina Rafael De Jesús 
Published: March 2021

Identificar los factores relacionados al conocimiento del estado actual de la enfermedad en mujeres con cáncer de mama y factores sociodemográficos, diagnóstico, tratamiento y atención del cáncer de mama en instituciones oncológicas, Cartagena-Colombia. Estudio descriptivo transversal; participaron 211 mujeres con cáncer de mama, mediante una encuesta estructurada. El Odd Ratio (OR) fueron calculados usando SPSS versión 23.0. Se encontró una asociación estadística entre la práctica del autoexamen de mama con el poseer estudios de educación superior y pertenecer al nivel contributivo; además, una mujer menor de 50 años con diagnostico confirmado de cáncer y que tenga un nivel educativo superior entró con una acción de tutela. Se identificaron lagunas derivadas de la estratificación social, segmentación geográfica y acceso a mecanismos de información telefónica. Por lo tanto, las condiciones de vulnerabilidad bajo nivel educativo y pobreza marcan diferencias y denotan oportunidades perdidas para la detección, atención y tratamiento.
Aceitação entre estudantes do ensino básico do desenho animado O X na Xistose para construção de conhecimentos sobre esquistossomose
Authors: Massara Cristiano Lara , Lima Jonatas Pereira , Neves Rafael Luiz Silva , Murta Felipe Leão 
Published: March 2021

O trabalho dos educadores pode ser enriquecido com o uso de recursos pedagógicos importantes no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Considerando este aspecto, uma animação baseada no livro O feitiço da lagoa, de Virginia Schall, que trata do tema esquistossomose foi construída para estimular o conhecimento sobre a doença entre escolares e exibida para alunos do ensino básico em quatro municípios endêmicos: Jaboticatubas, Malacacheta e Santa Luzia, em Minas Gerais; e João Pessoa, na Paraíba. Após sua exibição, um questionário foi aplicado com a finalidade de verificar a aceitação e o entendimento do material. De acordo com as respostas, o desenho animado apresentou boa aceitação. Todos identificaram a esquistossomose como a doença retratada e o caramujo como o transmissor do esquistossomo. Os resultados apontaram que o desenho pode ser um importante recurso pedagógico no processo educativo, auxiliando os programas de controle da endemia, especialmente quando desenvolvidos no espaço escolar.
O uso de uma plataforma virtual para mobilização social no enfrentamento de arboviroses e controle do Aedes aegypti
Authors: Silveira Danielle Costa , Carmo Rose Ferraz , Menezes Fernanda Carvalho de , Oliveira Juliana Ferreira de , Oliveira Nádia Ladendorff de , Aranha Vitor Davis Teixeira , Luz Zélia Maria Profeta da 
Published: March 2021

A mobilização social para o enfrentamento da dengue, zika, chikungunya e controle do Aedes aegypti tem sido um desafio no país. Esse artigo apresenta o processo de elaboração de uma plataforma virtual, incluindo a composição do seu acervo e a análise exploratória do seu uso, como ferramenta, numa proposta de mobilização social que envolve a criação de comitês populares nos territórios para o enfrentamento das três doenças e vetor. A construção da plataforma considerou: facilidade para usuário; acesso; armazenamento de material; interatividade e banco para monitoramento de dados. A seleção do acervo baseou-se em critérios: técnico, referente à fonte e autoria; acurácia, concordância entre informação e evidência em saúde; e legibilidade, garantindo a compreensão por diferentes grupos. A análise exploratória utilizou o banco de dados da plataforma. Os resultados apontaram a plataforma como uma ferramenta que pode contribuir com a comunicação e informação em saúde nessa proposta de mobilização social.