bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Managerial Style, the School Climate, and Persistence in High Schools Among the Arab Community of Israel
Authors: Assadi Nabil , Hibi Wafiq 
Published: July 2021

The current study examines the relationship between the style of management and the school climate and the persistence in secondary schools in Arab society. Although studies have been carried out in Israel and abroad, few have focused on examining the subject in Arab society. The current study will focus on key issues concerning the impact of the ethical climate and managerial style on this phenomenon.
The main research question in the current study is whether there is a link between the school ethical climate and management style and the persistence of students in secondary schools in Arab society.
The findings of the study show that schools with a more caring ethical climate have a higher persistence rate and accordingly, the lower the caring ethical climate, the lower the percentage of persistence in school. It also indicates that the more focused the style on human relations, the more caringf the climate will be, and the more mission-focused the style, the more instrumental the ethical climate will be. The findings also indicate that there is a positive relationship between a management style focused on human relations and persistence.
The conclusion of the main study indicates a positive relationship between a management style focused on human relations and a caring climate and the persistence of secondary school students in Arab society. A management style based on positive, humanitarian relationships focused on cooperation between principals and teachers allows for similar relationships between teachers among themselves. patterns of cooperation and mutual support are developed instead of competition and striving against each other, allowing for the creation of a more caring ethical climate.
Pet Attachment and Its Relevant Factors among Undergraduates
Authors: HOU Yongmei , HUANG Wanhui , LIANG Yongxin 
Published: July 2021

Objective To explore the characteristics of pet attachment and its relevant factors among
undergraduates. Methods 547 undergraduate pet owners were selected by stratified random sampling
from 7 universities in Guangzhou City. They were investigated with Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale
(LAPS), College Students Interpersonal Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale (ICDSCS), Revised UCLA
Loneliness Scale-Version 3 (UCLALS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) and a self-edited
questionnaire on the general personal information. Results ⑴ The total score of LAPS, ICDSCS and
UCLALS, as well as score of coping style disposition were (41.71±10.05), (9.12±5.62), (44.51±7.87) and
(-.22±1.50), respectively. ⑵ 20.9% of undergraduates were moderate to severe pet attachment. ⑶ Multiple
stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the total score of LAPS was positively correlated with 7
factors such as total score of UCLALS and ICDSCS, school category, how many pets have you kept, origin,
gender and monthly family income (β=.119 to .668, all P < 0.05), while the reasons for keeping pets and
coping style disposition were negatively correlated with the total score of LAPS (β=-.537 and -.621, P <
0.05). Conclusion College students' pet attachment is a common behavioral problem, which is closely
related to such factors as family rearing, community cultural atmosphere, school education and the personality
of the undergraduates.
Evening primrose oil for cervical ripening in term pregnancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hemmatzadeh Shahla , Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi Sakineh , Veisy Afsaneh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Induction of labor by using available, inexpensive and non-invasive methods with the least side effects is particularly important. A systematic review was conducted to assess the effect of evening primrose oil on cervical ripening in term pregnancies. In this systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials, a search was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid, Scopus, Clinical Trials.gov, Google Scholar and Persian databases (Magiran, SID, and IRCT.ir) for published related articles without any time limit. The Cochrane handbook was used to determine the risk of bias of the included articles. The obtained data were analyzed in RevMan and reported in forest plots. The Odds Ratio (OR) was used to find the effect of the dichotomous data and the Mean Difference (MD) for the continuous data. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using I2, T2 and Chi2. The random effect was used instead of fixed effect if I2 >40%. A total of 28 titles and abstracts were extracted, 9 articles entered into the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results showed significant differences between EPO and control groups in terms of bishop score (MD=1.32; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.66), reducing caesarean section rate (OR= 0.61; 95% CI: 0.43 to 0.86), duration of first stage of labor (MD= -98.67; 95% CI: -140.98 to -56.38) and duration of second stage of labor (MD= -10.98; 95% CI: -21.86 to -0.09). There were no significant differences in terms of birth weight (MD= 100.97; 95% CI: -11.91 to 213.84) and the frequency of induction with oxytocin (OR= 0.53; 95% CI: 0.27 to 1.01). It seems evening primrose oil be effective for cervical ripening, reducing cesarean section rate and shortening the duration of labor. Due to the high heterogeneity of the studies, the researchers recommend further researches on the subject using a standard tool based on the CONSORT statement.
The crystal structure of 4-bromobenzyl chloride, C7H6BrCl
Authors: Manana Pholani , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
C7H6BrCl, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 9.4506(7) Å, b = 18.1015(10) Å, c = 4.4418(3) Å, V = 759.86(9) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0271, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0558, T = 200(2) K.
The crystal structure of (2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)methanol, C12H15ClO3
Authors: Zou Long-Sheng , Li Zhong-Yan , Yuan Lin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
C12H15ClO3, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.788(2) Å, b = 11.079(4) Å, c = 18.916(7) Å, V = 1213.0(8) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0559, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1898, T = 296(2) K.
Creation, Angels, and Gender in Paul, Philo, and the Dead Sea Scrolls
Authors: Peters Janelle 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article reads the veiling instructions in 1 Corinthians 11:1–16 through Paul’s appeal to creation. The letter positions both genders in God, and it follows contemporary Jewish literature in assigning angels to creation and gender interdependence. Ascetic, unmarried, and married persons found inclusion in this vision of the body of Christ.
Experimental and microstructure analysis of the penetration resistance of composite structures
Authors: Zou Youchun , Xiong Chao , Yin Junhui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Composite structures (SiC/UHMWPE/TC4; SiC/TC4/UHMWPE) were designed using silicon carbide (SiC)ceramics, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) laminate, and titanium alloys (TC4s). Penetration experiments and numerical simulations were carried out to study the anti-penetration mechanism and energy characteristics of the composite structures, and the microstructure of the TC4 was analyzed. The results show that the two composite structures designed have advantages in reducing mass and thickness. The energy proportion of the TC4 is the largest among the three materials, which mainly determines the anti-penetration performance. The microstructure of the TC4 in composite structure I shows rough edges of bullet holes, a large number of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs), ASB bends and bifurcates, and many cracks, which lead to spalling damage of the TC4. The microstructure of the TC4 in composite structure II shows flat edges of bullet holes, several straight ASBs, and no cracks, which leads to brittle fragmentation. The initiation, expansion, combination of ASBs and cracks lead to more energy consumption. Therefore, the combination form of composite structure I can give full play the energy dissipation mechanism of the TC4 and has better anti-penetration performance than composite structure II.
Algorithmic Decision-Making When Humans Disagree on Ends
Authors: Brennan-Marquez Kiel , Chiao Vincent 
Published: July 2021

Which interpretive tasks should be delegated to machines? This question has become a focal point of “tech governance” debates. One familiar answer is that while machines are capable of implementing tasks whose ends are uncontroversial, machine delegation is inappropriate for tasks that elude human consensus. After all, if human experts cannot agree about the nature of a task, what hope is there for machines?
Here, we turn this position around. When humans disagree about the nature of a task, that should be prima facie grounds for machine delegation, not against it. The reason has to do with fairness: affected parties should be able to predict the outcomes of particular cases. Indeterminate decision-making environments—those in which human disagree about ends—are inherently unpredictable in that, for any given case, the distribution of likely outcomes will depend on a specific decision maker’s view of the relevant end. This injects an irreducible dynamic of randomization into the decision-making process from the perspective of non-repeat players. To the extent machine decisions aggregate across disparate views of a task’s relevant ends, they promise improvement on this specific dimension of predictability. Whatever the other virtues and drawbacks of machine decision-making, this gain should be recognized and factored into governance.
The essay has two parts. In the first, we draw a distinction between determinacy and certainty as epistemic properties and fashioning a taxonomy of decision types. In the second part, we bring the formal point alive through a case study of criminal sentencing.
After the Crime
Authors: Robinson Paul H. , Sarahne Muhammad 
Published: July 2021

Although an offender’s conduct before and during the crime is the traditional focus of criminal law and sentencing rules, an examination of post-offense conduct can also be important in promoting criminal justice goals. After the crime, different offenders make different choices and have different experiences, and those differences can suggest appropriately different treatment by judges, correctional officials, probation and parole supervisors, and other decision makers in the criminal justice system.
Positive post-offense conduct ought to be acknowledged and rewarded, not only to encourage it but also as a matter of fair and just treatment. This essay describes four kinds of positive post-offense conduct that merit special recognition and preferential treatment: the responsible offender, who avoids further deceit and damage to others during the process leading to conviction; the debt-paid offender, who suffers the full punishment deserved (according to true principles of justice rather than the sentence actually imposed); the reformed offender, who takes affirmative steps to leave criminality behind; and the redeemed offender, who out of genuine remorse tries to atone for the offense.
The essay considers how one might operationalize a system for giving special accommodation to such offenders. Positive post-offense conduct might be rewarded, for example, through the selection and shaping of sanctioning methods, through giving preference in access to education, training, treatment, and other programs, and through elimination or restriction of collateral consequences of conviction that continue after the sentence is completed.
Mapping the journey of transition: a single-center study of 170 childhood-onset GH deficiency patients
Authors: Doknic Mirjana , Stojanovic Marko , Soldatovic Ivan , Milenkovic Tatjana , Zdravkovic Vera , Jesic Maja , Todorovic Sladjana , Mitrovic Katarina , Vukovic Rade , Miljic Dragana , Savic Dragan , Milicevic Mihajlo , Stanimirovic Aleksandar , Bogosavljevic Vojislav , Pekic Sandra , Manojlovic-Gacic Emilija , Djukic Aleksandar , Grujicic Danica , Petakov Milan 
Published: July 2021

Objective
To analyze metabolic parameters, body composition (BC), and bone mineral density (BMD) in childhood-onset GH deficiency (COGHD) patients during the transition period (TP).

Design
Single- center, retrospective study was performed on 170 consecutive COGHD patients (age 19.2 ± 2.0 years, range 16–25) transferred after growth completion from two pediatric clinics to the adult endocrine unit. Two separate analyses were performed: (i) cross-sectional analysis of hormonal status, metabolic parameters, BC, and BMD at first evaluation after transfer from pediatrics to the adult department; (ii) longitudinal analysis of BC and BMD dynamics after 3 years of GH replacement therapy (rhGH) in TP.

Results
COGHD was of a congenital cause (CONG) in 50.6% subjects, tumor-related (TUMC) in 23.5%, and idiopathic (IDOP) in 25.9%. TUMC patients had increased insulin and lipids levels (P < 0.01) and lower Z score at L-spine (P < 0.05) compared to CONG and IDOP groups. Patients treated with rhGH in childhood demonstrated lower fat mass and increased BMD compared to the rhGH-untreated group (P < 0.01). Three years of rhGH after growth completion resulted in a significant increase in lean body mass (12.1%) and BMD at L-spine (6.9%), parallel with a decrease in FM (5.2%).

Conclusion
The effect of rhGH in childhood is invaluable for metabolic status, BC, and BMD in transition to adulthood. Tumor-related COGHD subjects are at higher risk for metabolic abnormalities, alteration of body composition, and decreased BMD, compared to those with COGHD of other causes. Continuation of rhGH in transition is important for improving BC and BMD in patients with persistent COGHD.
MOTIVACIÓN, AUTOCONFIANZA Y ANSIEDAD EN JUDO: SEXO Y NIVEL COMPETITIVO
Authors: Pulido S. , Fuentes J.P. , De la Vega R. 
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las posibles diferencias a nivel de motivación, autoconfianza y ansiedad que puedan existir en función del sexo y el nivel competitivo de dos grupos de judokas (Grupo de alto rendimiento y Grupo de especialización). Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se administraron el Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2R) y el Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) 10 minutos antes de entrar los judocas al tatami, el día de la competición. Los resultados revelaron diferencias a nivel de ansiedad somática (intensidad), observándose esta más elevada en las mujeres que en los hombres. Se encontraron también diferencias significativas en la variable autoconfianza (intensidad), mostrando los judokas del equipo nacional valores más elevados que los de especialización. No se encontraron diferencias en las variables motivación y autoconfianza en función del sexo, ni en las variables motivación y ansiedad en la comparativa entre ambos grupos.
Efecto antimicrobiano in vitro de extractos de Caesalpinia spinosa sobre cepas de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a antibióticos betalactámicos
Authors: Villavicencio Coral Bryan Darío , Sarmiento Ordóñez Jéssica María , Flores Regalado Carol Gissel , Torrachi Carrasco José Esteban 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto antimicrobiano de extractos etanólicos de Caesalpinia spinosa sobre cepas de Staphylococcus aureus penicilino y meticilino resistentes. Métodos. Se utilizaron las cepas de S. aureus ATCC 11632 y 33592, los extractos etanólicos de hojas y vainas de C. spinosa se obtuvieron por maceración en concentraciones de 25%, 50%, 75% y 100%. Se utilizó el método de Kirby-Bauer, los discos de papel filtro se cargaron con extracto de hojas, vainas y semillas, se depositaron sobre el medio, inoculado con una suspensión de S. aureus a 0,5 McFarland. El control positivo fueron discos de Ampicilina y control negativo discos impregnados con etanol. Después de 24 horas, se midieron los diámetros de los halos con un calibrador Vernier. Resultados. Se registraron halos de hasta 18 mm de diámetro con los extractos de hojas al 100%, 17 mm con extractos de vainas y 14 mm con extractos de semillas sobre S. aureus ATCC 33592; en el caso de la cepa ATCC 11632, se registraron halos de hasta 14 mm con extractos de hojas y vainas al 100%, y de hasta 8 mm con extractos de semillas. La prueba de ANOVA indicó que existieron diferencias significativas entre los halos obtenidos con los diferentes tipos de extractos, a diferentes concentraciones. Conclusión. Se determinó que todos los extractos de C. spinosa poseen actividad antimicrobiana sobre las dos cepas estudiadas, con un patrón directamente proporcional entre el efecto y la concentración.
Eucoleosis por Eucoleus boehmi en un canino con elevadas cargas parasitarias
Authors: Fariña Fernando Adrian , Pasqualetti Mariana Inés , Ercole Mariano Emmanuel , Bessi Clara , Ribicich Mabel 
Published: July 2021

Eucoleus boehmi (sin. Capillaria boehmi) es un parásito nematodo trichurideo del tracto respiratorio superior en cánidos y de curso generalmente asintomático. Se presenta el caso clínico de un canino macho mestizo de 9 años de edad, procedente de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, que había sido tratado previamente por eucoleosis, que presentaba tos, estornudos, estornudos inversos, abundante secreción nasal serosa bilateral. Se realizó un análisis de materia fecal por las técnicas de Bembrook y McMaster revelando la presencia de 10 900 hpg de E. boehmi. Se realizó el tratamiento y seguimiento del paciente hasta la remisión completa de los signos clínicos y la ausencia de huevos en materia fecal.
Efecto genético de toros usados vía inseminación artificial sobre la producción láctea de la estación experimental El Mantaro, Junín, Perú
Authors: Meza R. Elmer , Orellana C. Javier , Astuhuamán P. Luís 
Published: July 2021

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar la contribución del efecto genético de toros usados vía inseminación artificial sobre la producción láctea de vacas Brown Swiss de la Estación Experimental Agropecuaria El Mantaro de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, en términos de producción de leche diaria (PLD) y por campaña (PLC). Se utilizaron 112 lactaciones depuradas, procedentes de un total de 49 vacas, hijas de 7 toros Brown Swiss, estandarizadas a 305 días (PLE) y dos ordeños mediante proyección no lineal. El análisis estadístico fue realizado mediante el uso de un modelo lineal mixto, considerándose como factores fijos al número de lactación, año, estación y edad al parto de la vaca, y como factor aleatorio al efecto genético del toro. Se obtuvieron medias fenotípicas corregidas para PLD y PLC con los factores de corrección obtenidas del modelo, y predicciones de la habilidad transmisión predicha (PTA) de los toros evaluados y sus respectivas precisiones. Las medias fenotípicas corregidas tuvieron un rango de 9.39 ± 0.62 kg a 12.18 ± 0.87 kg para PLD y de 3 218.8 ± 40.2 kg a 4 690.4 ± 54.6 kg para PLC, mientras que el PTA de los toros oscilaron entre -2.82 a 1.98 kg/día para PLD y de -841.55 a 630.33 kg/campaña para PLC, registrándose niveles de precisión del 58.87 al 78.34%. Los resultados evidencian un importante diferencial en el nivel genético de los toros evaluados y el potencial uso de algunos para contribuir con el aumento de la producción láctea de la zona de estudio.
Erythropoietin Reduces Auto- and Alloantibodies by Inhibiting T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation
Authors: Guglielmo Chiara , Bin Sofia , Cantarelli Chiara , Hartzell Susan , Angeletti Andrea , Donadei Chiara , Cumpelik Arun , Anderson Lisa , Cody Evan , Sage Peter T. , La Manna Gaetano , Fiaccadori Enrico , Heeger Peter S. , Cravedi Paolo 
Published: July 2021

Significance Statement
Better understanding of the regulation of auto- and alloantibody production is essential to develop hypothesis-driven therapies for autoimmune kidney diseases and graft rejection. Murine studies demonstrate that erythropoietin (EPO), a kidney-produced hormone, inhibits primary, T cell–dependent humoral immunity. EPO also diminishes autoantibodies and disease severity in murine models of lupus, and significantly reduces secondary humoral immunity in an allogeneic organ transplant model. A direct, STAT5-dependent, inhibitory effect of EPO through its receptor (EPOR) on T follicular helper (TFH) cells that is crucial for B cell maturation mediates these effects. In vitro experiments document that EPO inhibitory effects on TFH formation apply to human cells, providing a rationale for further testing how EPOR activation affects autoimmune kidney diseases and antibody-mediated graft rejection.

Background
Although high-affinity IgG auto- and alloantibodies are important drivers of kidney inflammation that can result in ESKD, therapeutic approaches that effectively reduce such pathogenic antibodies remain elusive. Erythropoietin (EPO) has immunomodulatory functions, but its effects on antibody production are unknown.

Methods
We assessed the effect and underlying mechanisms of EPO/EPO receptor (EPOR) signaling on primary and secondary, T cell–dependent and T–independent antibody formation using in vitro culture systems, murine models of organ transplantation and lupus nephritis, and mice conditionally deficient for the EPOR expressed on T cells or B cells.

Results
In wild-type mice, recombinant EPO inhibited primary, T cell–dependent humoral immunity to model antigens and strong, polyclonal stimuli, but did not alter T–independent humoral immune responses. EPO also significantly impaired secondary humoral immunity in a potent allogeneic organ transplant model system. The effects required T cell, but not B cell, expression of the EPOR and resulted in diminished frequencies of germinal center (GC) B cells and T follicular helper cells (TFH). In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that EPO directly prevented TFH differentiation and function via a STAT5-dependent mechanism that reduces CD4+ T cell expression of Bcl6. In lupus models, EPO reduced TFH, GC B cells, and autoantibody production, and abrogated autoimmune glomerulonephritis, demonstrating clinical relevance. In vitro studies verified that EPO prevents differentiation of human TFH cells.

Conclusions
Our findings newly demonstrate that EPO inhibits TFH-dependent antibody formation, an observation with potential implications for treating antibody-mediated diseases, including those of the kidney.
Inclusión educativa a familias con estudiantes de educación inicial en Ecuador
Authors: Lara Lara Fernando , Loor Molina Tania Karina , Nogales Chica Sandra , Loor Moina Marienela Karina 
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo persigue compartir una experiencia educativa con familias de estudiantes de educación inicial, realizada con el objetivo de fomentar la inclusión educativa en una unidad educativa en Santo Domingo (Ecuador). El desconocimiento sobre la educación inclusiva que existe en las familias justifica la promoción de espacios que posibiliten la reflexión sobre la inclusión educativa. Se siguió una metodología de corte cuantitativo, con un diseño cuasi experimental, y con carácter descriptivo. Se aplicó un cuestionario en dos momentos a 25 padres de familia de la institución. Se planificó y se impartió un taller de sensibilización en educación inclusiva. Como conclusiones, se pudo visibilizar la presencia de una cultura asistencial con relación a la diversidad, y el distanciamiento generalizado de la figura del padre de familia en la actividad escolar. Sin embargo, se pudo percibir aspectos positivos en la percepción y comprensión con las políticas y prácticas inclusivas del centro.