bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal proof calculi for modal logics with separating conjunction
Authors: Demri Stéphane , Fervari Raul , Mansutti Alessio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Modal separation logics are formalisms that combine modal operators to reason locally, with separating connectives that allow to perform global updates on the models. In this work, we design Hilbert-style proof systems for the modal separation logics $\text {MSL}(\ast ,\langle \neq \rangle )$ and $\text {MSL}(\ast ,\Diamond )$, where $\ast $ is the separating conjunction, $\Diamond $ is the standard modal operator and $\langle \neq \rangle $ is the difference modality. The calculi only use the logical languages at hand (no external features such as labels) and can be divided in two main parts. First, normal forms for formulae are designed and the calculi allow to transform every formula into a formula in normal form. Second, another part of the calculi is dedicated to the axiomatization for formulae in normal form, which may still require non-trivial developments but is more manageable.
BG Ind: the nearest doubly eclipsing, compact hierarchical quadruple system
Authors: Borkovits T , Rappaport S A , Maxted P F L , Terentev I , Omohundro M , Gagliano R , Jacobs T , Kristiansen M H , LaCourse D , Schwengeler H M , Vanderburg A , Blackford M G 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
BG Ind is a well-studied, bright, nearby binary consisting of a pair of F stars in a 1.46-d orbit. We have discovered in the TESS light curve for TIC 229804573 (aka BG Ind), a second eclipsing binary in the system with a 0.53-d period. Our subsequent analyses of the recent TESS and archival ground-based photometric and radial velocity (RV) data reveal that the two binaries are gravitationally bound in a 721-d period, moderately eccentric orbit. We present the results of a joint spectro-photodynamical analysis of the eclipse timing variation curves of both binaries based on TESS and ground-based archival data, the TESS light curve, archival RV data, and the spectral energy distribution, coupled with the use of PARSEC stellar isochrones. We confirm prior studies of BG Ind that found that the brighter binary A consists of slightly evolved F-type stars with refined masses of 1.32 and 1.43 M⊙, and radii of 1.59 and 2.34R⊙. The previously unknown binary B has two less massive stars of 0.69 and 0.64 M⊙ and radii of 0.64 and 0.61R⊙. Based on a number of different arguments that we discuss, we conclude that the three orbital planes are likely aligned to within 17○.
Observational properties of a general relativistic instability supernova from a primordial supermassive star
Authors: Moriya Takashi J , Chen Ke-Jung , Nakajima Kimihiko , Tominaga Nozomu , Blinnikov Sergei I 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
We present the expected observational properties of a general relativistic instability supernova (GRSN) from the 55 500 M⊙ primordial (Population III) star. Supermassive stars exceeding $10^4\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ may exist in the early Universe. They are generally considered to collapse through the general relativistic instability to be seed black holes to form supermassive ($\sim 10^9\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$) black holes observed as high-redshift quasars. Some of them, however, may explode as GRSNe if the explosive helium burning unbinds the supermassive stars following the collapse triggered by the general relativistic instability. We perform the radiation hydrodynamics simulation of the GRSN starting shortly before the shock breakout. We find that the GRSN is characterized by a long-lasting (550 d) luminous ($1.5\times 10^{44}\, \mathrm{erg\, s^{-1}}$) plateau phase with the photospheric temperature of around 5000 K in the rest frame. The plateau phase lasts for decades when it appears at high redshifts and it will likely be observed as a persistent source in the future deep near-infrared imaging surveys. Especially, the near-infrared images reaching 29 AB magnitude that can be obtained by Galaxy and Reionization EXplorer (G-REX) and James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) allow us to identify GRSNe up to z ≃ 15. Deeper images enable us to discover GRSNe at even higher redshifts. Having extremely red colour, they can be distinguished from other persistent sources such as high-redshift galaxies by using colour information. We conclude that the deep near-infrared images are able to constrain the existence of GRSNe from the primordial supermassive stars in the Universe even without the time domain information.
Discovery of soft and hard X-ray time lags in low-mass AGNs
Authors: Mallick L , Wilkins D R , Alston W N , Markowitz A , De Marco B , Parker M L , Lohfink A M , Stalin C S 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The scaling relations between the black hole (BH) mass and soft lag properties for both active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and BH X-ray binaries (BHXRBs) suggest the same underlying physical mechanism at work in accreting BH systems spanning a broad range of mass. However, the low-mass end of AGNs has never been explored in detail. In this work, we extend the existing scaling relations to lower mass AGNs, which serve as anchors between the normal-mass AGNs and BHXRBs. For this purpose, we construct a sample of low-mass AGNs ($M_{\rm BH}\lt 3\times 10^{6} \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$) from the XMM–Newton archive and measure frequency-resolved time-delays between the soft (0.3–1 keV) and hard (1–4 keV) X-ray emissions. We report that the soft band lags behind the hard band emission at high frequencies ∼[1.3−2.6] × 10−3 Hz, which is interpreted as a sign of reverberation from the inner accretion disc in response to the direct coronal emission. At low frequencies (∼[3−8] × 10−4 Hz), the hard-band lags behind the soft-band variations, which we explain in the context of the inward propagation of luminosity fluctuations through the corona. Assuming a lamppost geometry for the corona, we find that the X-ray source of the sample extends at an average height and radius of ∼10rg and ∼6rg, respectively. Our results confirm that the scaling relations between the BH mass and soft lag amplitude/frequency derived for higher mass AGNs can safely extrapolate to lower mass AGNs, and the accretion process is indeed independent of the BH mass.
ASASSN-18am/SN 2018gk: an overluminous Type IIb supernova from a massive progenitor
Authors: Bose Subhash , Dong Subo , Kochanek C S , Stritzinger M D , Ashall Chris , Benetti Stefano , Falco E , Filippenko Alexei V , Pastorello Andrea , Prieto Jose L , Somero Auni , Sukhbold Tuguldur , Zhang Junbo , Auchettl Katie , Brink Thomas G , Brown J S , Chen Ping , Fiore A , Grupe Dirk , Holoien T W-S , Lundqvist Peter , Mattila Seppo , Mutel Robert , Pooley David , Post R S , Reddy Naveen , Reynolds Thomas M , Shappee Benjamin J , Stanek K Z , Thompson Todd A , Villanueva S , Zheng WeiKang 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
ASASSN-18am/SN 2018gk is a newly discovered member of the rare group of luminous, hydrogen-rich supernovae (SNe) with a peak absolute magnitude of MV ≈ −20 mag that is in between normal core-collapse SNe and superluminous SNe. These SNe show no prominent spectroscopic signatures of ejecta interacting with circumstellar material (CSM), and their powering mechanism is debated. ASASSN-18am declines extremely rapidly for a Type II SN, with a photospheric-phase decline rate of ∼6.0 mag (100 d)−1. Owing to the weakening of H i and the appearance of He i in its later phases, ASASSN-18am is spectroscopically a Type IIb SN with a partially stripped envelope. However, its photometric and spectroscopic evolution shows significant differences from typical SNe IIb. Using a radiative diffusion model, we find that the light curve requires a high synthesized 56Ni mass $M_{\rm Ni} \sim 0.4\, \rm {M_{\odot }}$ and ejecta with high kinetic energy Ekin = (7–10) × 1051 erg. Introducing a magnetar central engine still requires $M_{\rm Ni} \sim 0.3\, \rm {M_{\odot }}$ and Ekin = 3 × 1051 erg. The high 56Ni mass is consistent with strong iron-group nebular lines in its spectra, which are also similar to several SNe Ic-BL with high 56Ni yields. The earliest spectrum shows ‘flash ionization’ features, from which we estimate a mass-loss rate of $\dot{M}\approx 2\times 10^{-4} \, \rm \rm {M_{\odot }}\,yr^{-1}$. This wind density is too low to power the luminous light curve by ejecta–CSM interaction. We measure expansion velocities as high as 17 000 $\rm {\, km\, s^{-1}}$ for Hα, which is remarkably high compared to other SNe II. We estimate an oxygen core mass of 1.8–3.4 M⊙ using the [O i] luminosity measured from a nebular-phase spectrum, implying a progenitor with a zero-age main-sequence mass of 19–26 M⊙.
Extensive Genome-Wide Phylogenetic Discordance Is Due to Incomplete Lineage Sorting and Not Ongoing Introgression in a Rapidly Radiated Bryophyte Genus
Authors: Meleshko Olena , Martin Michael D. , Korneliussen Thorfinn Sand , Schröck Christian , Lamkowski Paul , Schmutz Jeremy , Healey Adam , Piatkowski Bryan T. , Shaw A. Jonathan , Weston David J. , Flatberg Kjell Ivar , Szövényi Péter , Hassel Kristian , Stenøien Hans K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe relative importance of introgression for diversification has long been a highly disputed topic in speciation research and remains an open question despite the great attention it has received over the past decade. Gene flow leaves traces in the genome similar to those created by incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), and identification and quantification of gene flow in the presence of ILS is challenging and requires knowledge about the true phylogenetic relationship among the species. We use whole nuclear, plastid, and organellar genomes from 12 species in the rapidly radiated, ecologically diverse, actively hybridizing genus of peatmoss (Sphagnum) to reconstruct the species phylogeny and quantify introgression using a suite of phylogenomic methods. We found extensive phylogenetic discordance among nuclear and organellar phylogenies, as well as across the nuclear genome and the nodes in the species tree, best explained by extensive ILS following the rapid radiation of the genus rather than by postspeciation introgression. Our analyses support the idea of ancient introgression among the ancestral lineages followed by ILS, whereas recent gene flow among the species is highly restricted despite widespread interspecific hybridization known in the group. Our results contribute to phylogenomic understanding of how speciation proceeds in rapidly radiated, actively hybridizing species groups, and demonstrate that employing a combination of diverse phylogenomic methods can facilitate untangling complex phylogenetic patterns created by ILS and introgression.
Barcoded oligonucleotides ligated on RNA amplified for multiplexed and parallel in situ analyses
Authors: Liu Songlei , Punthambaker Sukanya , Iyer Eswar P R , Ferrante Thomas , Goodwin Daniel , Fürth Daniel , Pawlowski Andrew C , Jindal Kunal , Tam Jenny M , Mifflin Lauren , Alon Shahar , Sinha Anubhav , Wassie Asmamaw T , Chen Fei , Cheng Anne , Willocq Valerie , Meyer Katharina , Ling King-Hwa , Camplisson Conor K , Kohman Richie E , Aach John , Lee Je Hyuk , Yankner Bruce A , Boyden Edward S , Church George M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present barcoded oligonucleotides ligated on RNA amplified for multiplexed and parallel insitu analyses (BOLORAMIS), a reverse transcription-free method for spatially-resolved, targeted, in situ RNA identification of single or multiple targets. BOLORAMIS was demonstrated on a range of cell types and human cerebral organoids. Singleplex experiments to detect coding and non-coding RNAs in human iPSCs showed a stem-cell signature pattern. Specificity of BOLORAMIS was found to be 92% as illustrated by a clear distinction between human and mouse housekeeping genes in a co-culture system, as well as by recapitulation of subcellular localization of lncRNA MALAT1. Sensitivity of BOLORAMIS was quantified by comparing with single molecule FISH experiments and found to be 11%, 12% and 35% for GAPDH, TFRC and POLR2A, respectively. To demonstrate BOLORAMIS for multiplexed gene analysis, we targeted 96 mRNAs within a co-culture of iNGN neurons and HMC3 human microglial cells. We used fluorescence in situ sequencing to detect error-robust 8-base barcodes associated with each of these genes. We then used this data to uncover the spatial relationship among cells and transcripts by performing single-cell clustering and gene–gene proximity analyses. We anticipate the BOLORAMIS technology for in situ RNA detection to find applications in basic and translational research.
Oligomeric complexes formed by Redβ single strand annealing protein in its different DNA bound states
Authors: Caldwell Brian J , Norris Andrew , Zakharova Ekaterina , Smith Christopher E , Wheat Carter T , Choudhary Deepanshu , Sotomayor Marcos , Wysocki Vicki H , Bell Charles E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Redβ is a single strand annealing protein from bacteriophage λ that binds loosely to ssDNA, not at all to pre-formed dsDNA, but tightly to a duplex intermediate of annealing. As viewed by electron microscopy, Redβ forms oligomeric rings on ssDNA substrate, and helical filaments on the annealed duplex intermediate. However, it is not clear if these are the functional forms of the protein in vivo. We have used size-exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle light scattering, analytical ultracentrifugation and native mass spectrometry (nMS) to characterize the size of the oligomers formed by Redβ in its different DNA-bound states. The nMS data, which resolve species with the highest resolution, reveal that Redβ forms an oligomer of 12 subunits in the absence of DNA, complexes ranging from 4 to 14 subunits on 38-mer ssDNA, and a much more distinct and stable complex of 11 subunits on 38-mer annealed duplex. We also measure the concentration of Redβ in cells active for recombination and find it to range from 7 to 27 μM. Collectively, these data provide new insights into the dynamic nature of the complex on ssDNA, and the more stable and defined complex on annealed duplex.
Structural parameters of palindromic repeats determine the specificity of nuclease attack of secondary structures
Authors: Ait Saada Anissia , Costa Alex B , Sheng Ziwei , Guo Wenying , Haber James E , Lobachev Kirill S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Palindromic sequences are a potent source of chromosomal instability in many organisms and are implicated in the pathogenesis of human diseases. In this study, we investigate which nucleases are responsible for cleavage of the hairpin and cruciform structures and generation of double-strand breaks at inverted repeats in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We demonstrate that the involvement of structure-specific nucleases in palindrome fragility depends on the distance between inverted repeats and their transcriptional status. The attack by the Mre11 complex is constrained to hairpins with loops &lt;9 nucleotides. This restriction is alleviated upon RPA depletion, indicating that RPA controls the stability and/or formation of secondary structures otherwise responsible for replication fork stalling and DSB formation. Mus81-Mms4 cleavage of cruciforms occurs at divergently but not convergently transcribed or nontranscribed repeats. Our study also reveals the third pathway for fragility at perfect and quasi-palindromes, which involves cruciform resolution during the G2 phase of the cell cycle.
Single-molecule optical mapping of the distribution of DNA phosphorothioate epigenetics
Authors: Wei Yue , Huang Qinqin , Tian Xihao , Zhang Mingmin , He Junkai , Chen Xingxiang , Chen Chao , Deng Zixin , Li Zhiqiang , Chen Shi , Wang Lianrong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDNA phosphorothioate (PT) modifications, with the nonbridging phosphate oxygen replaced by sulfur, governed by DndABCDE or SspABCD, are widely distributed in prokaryotes and have a highly unusual feature of occupying only a small portion of available consensus sequences in a genome. Despite the presence of plentiful non-PT-protected consensuses, DNA PT modification is still employed as a recognition tag by the restriction cognate, for example, DndFGH or SspE, to discriminate and destroy PT-lacking foreign DNA. This raises a fundamental question about how PT modifications are distributed along DNA molecules to keep the restriction components in check. Here, we present two single-molecule strategies that take advantage of the nucleophilicity of PT in combination with fluorescent markers for optical mapping of both single- and double-stranded PT modifications across individual DNA molecules. Surprisingly, PT profiles vary markedly from molecule to molecule, with different PT locations and spacing distances between PT pairs, even in the presence of DndFGH or SspE. The results revealed unprecedented PT modification features previously obscured by ensemble averaging, providing novel insights into the riddles regarding unusual target selection by PT modification and restriction components.
Eggs as an affordable source of nutrients for adults and children living in food-insecure environments
Authors: Walker Sam , Baum J I 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFood insecurity affects an estimated 12% of households in the United States. Adults and children who experience food insecurity are increased risk for development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. The negative health outcomes associated with food insecurity are multifactorial; however, many of them may be caused by limited nutritional intake and poor diet quality. Dietary intake of eggs may be an applicable solution for food-insecure families who are challenged by limited nutritional intake. Eggs contain a variety of nutrients that support metabolic health. For instance, eggs are a complete source of high-quality protein and contain 16 vitamins and minerals. Furthermore, eggs are cost efficient. When comparing the relationship between foods on the basis of calories and unit cost, the energy cost of eggs is significantly less when compared with that of other animal-protein foods such as meat, poultry, and fish. However, dietary intake of eggs is controversial in regard to cardiovascular health. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarize the role of eggs in the diet and the impact eggs have on health for adults and children living in a food-insecure environment.
Multisectoral Approach on COVID-19 vaccination: a proposed solution on vaccine hesitancy
Authors: Corpuz Jeff Clyde G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As COVID-19 cases rise in one of Southeast Asia’s worst-hit nations, low public trust in vaccines will be a huge block in the government’s vaccination program. In a recent survey in January 2021 which was conducted by Pulse Asia, nearly half of Filipinos said that they would not get vaccinated against COVID-19 due to safety concerns. A proposed solution would be a Multisectoral Approach (MSA). MSA refers to the deliberate collaboration among various stakeholder groups (e.g. government, civil society and private and religious sectors) and sectors (e.g. health, environment and economy) to achieve a policy outcome. By engaging multiple sectors, such as interfaith collaborations, governments can leverage knowledge, expertise, reach and resources, benefiting from their combined and varied strengths as they work toward the shared goal of building public trust on vaccines.
Second-Generation Antipsychotic Use in Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Authors: Lambert Clare , Panagiotopoulos Constadina , Davidson Jana , Goldman Ran D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the number of patients presenting to the emergency department with mental health complaints has been growing, alongside an increase in second-generation antipsychotic (SGAs) prescriptions for a variety of mental health conditions. Children treated with SGAs may have abnormalities, such as rapid weight gain and central adiposity, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension; they may present to the pediatric emergency department with components of metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes, and a subsequent significant risk for cardiovascular complications later in life. Pediatric emergency department providers may serve as a safety net for patients to detect SGA-related metabolic complications, especially among vulnerable populations lacking access to primary care or psychiatric services.
Renewable Energy Use in Australian Public Hospitals
Authors: Burch Hayden , Anstey Matthew , McGain Forbes 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective
Are Australian hospitals moving towards renewable energy sources for
their electricity, and aligning energy choices with core business, i.e.
protecting and promoting health?

Design
Cross-sectional analysis of Australian state/territory amalgamated
energy data

Setting
Healthcare’s carbon footprint is approximately 7% of Australia’s total
carbon footprint. It is unknown if Australian public hospitals are
decoupling energy needs from carbon emissions over and above state/territory
based renewable energy targets.

Participants
693 Australian public hospitals direct energy usage (renewable &
non-renewable electricity [produced/purchased], natural gas, liquefied
petroleum gas, for the three consecutive years from 2016/17 to
2018/19.

Main outcome measures
All direct energy produced/purchased and consumed (converted to
kilowatt-hours).

Results
Australian public hospitals consumed 4,122 gigawatt-hours of energy in
2018/19. Electricity use was 2,504 (61%) GWh, natural gas 1,436 (35%) GWh
and renewable energy 94 GWh (2.3%). Victoria and New South Wales combined
consumed 2,494/ 4,122 GWh (60%) of total Australian public healthcare energy
but each produced/purchased less than 1% renewable electricity. For
Queensland, a Health GreenPower purchase comprised the majority (71/94 GWh;
76%) of renewable energy production/purchase by all Australian public
hospitals. By comparison, individual tertiary education institutions
produced/purchased more renewable energy than all Australian public
hospitals combined (University of NSW 124 GWh/yr, Swinburne University 90
GWh/yr, 2018/19).

Conclusions
Australian public hospitals obtain approximately 2.3% of total energy
from renewable electricity. One third of hospital energy use stems from
fossil gas use. The Australian public hospital system has no documented
plans to transition to renewable energy, contrasting with the University
sector.

The known
Australian healthcare contributes approximately 7% of
Australia’s total carbon footprint with public hospital energy use a
major source of healthcare associated carbon emissions.

The new
Australian public hospitals consumed 4122 gigawatt-hours in
2018/2019. Approximately 2.3% (94/4,122 gigawatt-hours) of hospital
energy was sourced from renewables, beyond state-wide renewable
electricity penetration.

The implications
Australian public hospitals are large emitters of greenhouse
gases. Hospital fossil fuel energy use and subsequent pollution
continues unabated. Such increasing pollution is at odds with the
ethos ‘first do no harm’.
Autoantibodies against nephrin elucidate a novel autoimmune phenomenon in proteinuric kidney disease
Authors: Watts Andrew J.B. , Keller Keith H. , Lerner Gabriel , Rosales Ivy , Collins A. Bernard , Sekulic Miroslav , Waikar Sushrut S. , Chandraker Anil , Riella Leonardo V. , Alexander Mariam P. , Troost Jonathan P. , Chen Junbo , Fermin Damian , Yee Jennifer Lai , Sampson Matthew , Beck Laurence H. , Henderson Joel M. , Greka Anna , Rennke Helmut G. , Weins Astrid 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDysfunction of podocytes, cells critical for glomerular filtration, underlies proteinuria and kidney failure. Genetic forms of proteinuric kidney disease can be caused by mutations in several podocyte genes, including nephrin, a critical component of the kidney filter. In contrast, the etiology of acquired acute-onset nephrotic syndrome has remained elusive. Here we identify autoantibodies against nephrin in serum and glomeruli of a subset of adults and children with non-congenital acute nephrotic syndrome. Our findings align with published experimental animal studies and elucidate a novel autoimmune phenomenon in proteinuric kidney disease interfering with glomerular filter integrity.