bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Shared and Asian‐Specific Loci for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Evidence for Roles of Type III Interferon Signaling and Lysosomal Function in the Disease: A Multi‐Ancestral Genome‐Wide Association Study
Authors: Wang Yong‐Fei , Wei Wei , Tangtanatakul Pattarin , Zheng Lichuan , Lei Yao , Lin Zhiming , Qian Chengmin , Qin Xiao , Hou Fei , Zhang Xinyu , Shao Li , Satproedprai Nusara , Mahasirimongkol Surakameth , Pisitkun Prapaporn , Song Qin , Lau Yu Lung , Zhang Yan , Hirankarn Nattiya , Yang Wanling 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease with differences in prevalence and severity among ancestral groups. This study was undertaken to identify novel genetic components, either shared by or distinct between Asian and European populations.MethodsBoth trans‐ancestral and ancestry‐specific meta‐analyses of genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) for SLE were performed, involving 30,604 participants of European, Chinese, or Thai origin. Using public epigenomic data and expression quantitative trait loci, fine‐mapping analyses were conducted to identify putative causal variants and genes for the newly identified loci. Performance of polygenic risk scores for the Thai cohort was evaluated by comparing different training data.ResultsA 1‐bp deletion upstream of IFNLR1 was found to be associated with SLE, with the risk allele correlated with increased expression of IFNLR1. This gene encodes interferon‐λ (IFNλ) receptor 1, providing evidence of a role of type III IFN signaling in SLE. An intronic variant in SLC29A3 was found to be associated with SLE in Asians only. The putative risk variant may modulate SLC29A3 expression in a monocyte‐specific manner. SLC29A3 encodes a lysosomal nucleoside transporter, and subsequent analyses suggested that reduced lysosomal function and phagocytosis might be the mechanism underlying this association. Ancestry‐shared loci in or near TAOK3, CHD9, CAMK1D, ATXN1, and TARBP1 and Asian‐specific loci close to PEX2, FCHSD2, and TMEM116 also reached the genome‐wide significant association with SLE. In addition, trans‐ancestral meta‐analysis was shown to be valuable in risk prediction for individuals without ancestry‐matched data.ConclusionIn this study both shared and Asian‐specific loci for SLE were identified, and functional annotation provided evidence of the involvement of increased type III IFN signaling and reduced lysosomal function in SLE.
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma treatment with rituximab and high‐dose methylprednisolone, revisited
Authors: Vagos Mata Ana , Espada Eduardo , Alves Daniela , Polo Blanca , Costa Maria João , Lopes Conceição , F. Lacerda João , Raposo João 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHigh‐dose methylprednisolone plus rituximab (R‐HDMP) is a useful treatment in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) patients unfit for chemo‐immunotherapy and has proven its utility on the treatment of CLL/SLL complicated by auto‐immune cytopenias. We performed a retrospective, single‐centre study, of CLL/SLL patients treated with R‐HDMP for 9 years. Thirty‐nine patients were included, median age at time of treatment was 77 years. Most patients had stage Rai III/IV and Binet C disease. Twenty‐eight patients had relapsed/refractory disease at time of treatment with a median of 1 previous line of therapy; 53.8% had prior exposure to fludarabine and 25% to rituximab. Grade 3–4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were recorded in 10.2% and 17.9% patients, respectively. While on treatment, 51.3% had documented infectious complications, but no other non‐haematological toxicities grades 3–4 were identified. Overall response rate was 64%. Median overall survival and progression‐free survival were 24 and 13 months, respectively. Twenty four patients relapsed and 16 received another line of treatment after R‐HDMP, with median time to next treatment of 13.5 months. Thirteen out of the 24 patients improved performance status and were subsequently considered fit for chemo‐immunotherapy. R‐HDMP is a valuable option for elderly and frail patients, with low risk of severe myelotoxicity and other severe adverse events. It was shown to work as a bridge to other lines of treatment, including chemo‐immunotherapy.
Self‐Assembling Properties and Recovery Effects on Damaged Skin Cells of Chemically Synthesized Mannosylerythritol Lipids
Authors: Kondo Takanori , Yasui Chihiro , Banno Taisuke , Asakura Kouichi , Fukuoka Tokuma , Ushimaru Kazunori , Koga Maito , Minamikawa Hiroyuki , Saika Azusa , Morita Tomotake , Takahashi Daisuke , Toshima Kazunobu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMannosylerythritol lipids (MELs), which are one of the representative sugar‐based biosurfactants (BSs) produced by microorganisms, have attracted much attention in various fields in the sustainable development goals (SDGs) era. However, they are inseparable mixtures with respect to the chain length of the fatty acids. In this study, self‐assembling properties and structure‐activity relationship (SAR) studies of recovery effects on damaged skin cells using chemically synthesized MELs were investigated. It was revealed, for the first time, that synthetic and homogeneous MELs exhibited significant self‐assembling properties to form droplets or giant vesicles. In addition, a small difference in the length of the fatty acid chains of the MELs significantly affected their recovery effects on the damaged skin cells. MELs with medium or longer length alkyl chains exhibited much higher recovery effects than that of C18‐ceramide NP.
Suicidal cut‐throat wound during LSD intoxication
Authors: Bose Palash Kumar , Ray Debika , Biswas Prodip , Arafat S. M. Yasir 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a potent hallucinogenic drug affecting the mood and perception of an individual. Although LSD‐induced self‐inflicted cut‐throat wounds and self‐harm injuries are extremely rarely reported behaviors, some reports are coming out in recent days that may complicate the depiction of scenarios in forensic psychiatry settings.
Decomposition of overlapping peaks in X‐ray fluorescence using improved crow searching algorithm based on opposite learning
Authors: Zhao Xueliang , Sun Shicheng , Li Meijie , Zhang Jie , Li Kang , Pang Lili , Shi Yanxin , Chen Ying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo overcome the difficulties in overlapping peaks decomposition in X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrum of heavy metal Pb and As, an improved crow searching algorithm (CSA) (ICSA) method was proposed. Compared with the CSA, three main improvements were performed: the opposite learning (OL) mechanism was introduced to expand the diversity of population and the parameter TF was introduced to control the convergence, which could avoid falling into the local minimum during the initialization process. Furthermore, this method has made some adjustments on the global optimization strategy, which can make the convergence more stable. When using the ICSA to decompose the overlapping peaks, the resolution accuracy improved by 2.23%, and the mean square error is better than other four algorithms of the same type, showing the feasibility of ICSA in dealing with the overlapping peaks.
Chiral Ligands in Hypervalent Iodine Compounds: Synthesis and Structures of Binaphthyl‐Based λ3‐Iodanes
Authors: Zhang Huaiyuan , Cormanich Rodrigo A. , Wirth Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSeveral novel binaphthyl‐based chiral hypervalent iodine(III) reagents have been prepared and structurally analysed. Various asymmetric oxidative reactions were applied to evaluate the reactivities and stereoselectivities of those reagents. Moderate to excellent yields were observed; however, very low stereoselectivities were obtained. NMR experiments indicated that these reagents are very easily hydrolysed in either chloroform or DMSO solvents leading to the limited stereoselectivities. It is concluded that the use of chiral ligands is an unsuccessful way to prepare efficient stereoselective iodine(III) reagents.
Starch nanoparticles as Pickering emulsifiers in miniemulsion polymerization of styrene
Authors: Glasing Joe , Cazotti Jaime C. , Fritz Alexander T. , Szych Lilian S. , Fakim Djalal , Smeets Niels M. B. , Cunningham Michael F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPickering miniemulsion polymerizations of styrene using octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) and dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DSA) modified starch nanoparticles (SNP) (~20–25 nm) were conducted. The effect of different degrees of substitution (DS), alkyl chain length, concentration of Pickering emulsifier (PE), and pH was correlated to the shelf‐life stability of the styrene Pickering miniemulsions and the particle size distribution (PSD). Interfacial tension values of aqueous dispersions of SNP‐OSA (DS = 0.11) and SNP‐DSA (DS = 0.14) against toluene as low as 14.7 and 11.0 mN/m, respectively, were observed. Average styrene droplet diameters in the miniemulsions (DV(sty)) ranged between 100–600 nm. 2,2′‐Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and lauroyl peroxide (LPO) were employed as initiators and the effect of the water solubility on the resulting PSD and latex stability was investigated. The resulting polystyrene (PS) latex particles ranged between 70 and 550 nm in diameter. When AIBN was used as initiator, secondary nucleation was observed. The rate of polymerization and conversion of SNP‐OSA and SNP‐DSA stabilized Pickering miniemulsion polymerizations were compared. The SNP‐armoured PS particles were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). At low conversions (<40%), the resulting latexes were relatively uniform when modified SNP were used as PE along with small amounts of hexadecane as a hydrophobe. At higher conversion, however, coagulation occurred which was correlated to a side reaction in which the PS particles grafted together to form large coagulates.
Real‐time traffic anomaly detection based on Gaussian mixture model and hidden Markov model
Authors: Liang Guojun , U Kintak , Chen Jianbin , Jiang Zhiying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith the rapid development and wide application of visual sensor technology and image processing technology, the traffic anomaly events detection methods of intelligent transportation system (ITS) are being constantly updated. Traditional machine learning methods do not require high computing power but lack high accuracy, while deep learning methods provide high accuracy but demand of high computing power for edge computing hardware. To improve accuracy and real‐time performance of detecting abnormal traffic events in edge computing hardware, a novel traffic anomaly detection model was developed in the following steps. In the first moving object tracking stage, a hybrid model was designed by combining Gaussian mixture model (GMM) with hidden Markov model, and optimized the tracking accuracy of target trajectories in multiframe images from traffic surveillance video. In the second abnormal events classification stage, principal component analysis was applied to reduce the dimension of the trajectories features, and then the abnormal traffic behaviors were classified by K‐Nearest Neighbor. Experiments demonstrate that the model can achieve higher detection accuracy than GMM method as well as a faster detection speed than You only look once deep learning method in moving object tracking stage.
Gene selection and classification using correlation feature selection based binary bat algorithm with greedy crossover
Authors: Seetharaman Akila , Sundersingh Allin Christe 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDNA microarray analysis plays a prominent role in classifying genes related to cancer. The dimension of the data is high and difficult to handle during classification. Hence, the dimension has to be reduced and highly predictive gene features must be obtained without affecting the accuracy. Previous studies concentrated either on improving the classification accuracy or reduction of gene features. Here, the multi‐objective problem of obtaining reduced gene features with high classification accuracy is addressed using the proposed correlation feature selection filter and binary bat algorithm (BBA) with greedy crossover. The gene feature subsets are obtained using the correlation based feature selection filter and optimized using the BBA. Suboptimal solutions obtained due to pre‐convergence of BBA are reset using the proposed greedy crossover. Highly predictive genes features are obtained and evaluated with support vector machine 10‐fold cross‐validation. An average classification accuracy of 95.85% with predictive gene features <1% of the total dataset was obtained when applied on cancer microarray datasets. The solution for the multi‐objective problem of obtaining high classification accuracy with minimal number of genes is achieved with better performance over the existing algorithms. Also, the problem of pre‐convergence with suboptimal solutions in optimization algorithms is overcome.
Atomistic Studies on Water‐Induced Lithium Corrosion
Authors: van den Borg Matthias , Gaissmaier Daniel , Fantauzzi Donato , Knobbe Edwin , Jacob Timo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIt is well known that lithium reacts violently with water under the release of molecular hydrogen and the formation of lithium hydroxide. In this work, the initial mechanisms for the surface reactions of metallic lithium with water from the gas phase were investigated by means of periodic density functional theory calculations. For this purpose, adsorption/absorption structures and diffusion and dissociation processes of hydrogen, OH, and H2O on low‐index metallic lithium surfaces were investigated. Through thermodynamic and kinetic considerations, negatively charged centers on the surface were identified as the origin of hydrogen formation. The strikingly low reaction barriers for the reaction at these centers implied a self‐supporting effect of hydrogen evolution and the associated lithium degradation.
Non‐isolated high step‐up DC–DC converter based on coupled inductors, diode‐capacitor networks, and voltage multiplier cells
Authors: Alencar Freitas Antonio Alisson , Carneiro de Araújo Francilino , Pereira Aragão Francisco Aldinei , Alves de Souza Kleber Cesar , Tofoli Fernando Lessa , Mineiro Sá Edilson , Luiz Marcelo Antunes Fernando 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis work presents a non‐isolated DC–DC boost converter employing coupled inductors, a diode‐capacitor network, and a voltage multiplier cell (VMC). This converter allows extending the conversion ratio not only by increasing the turns ratio of the coupled inductor, but also by adding more networks and VMCs, resulting in a more flexible design approach. Unlike most coupled‐inductor‐based boost‐type converters reported in the literature, the topology presents an output stage whose current is non‐pulsating, which leads to reduced electromagnetic interference (EMI) levels. Other prominent advantages include the fact that the input current is non‐pulsating with low high‐frequency ripple, as well as the operation of the switch and output diode under soft‐switching condition. Experimental results obtained from a 200‐W prototype are presented and discussed to validate the theoretical assumptions, also showing that the converter has high efficiency over a wide load range.
Internal consistency reliability of the P300 to novelty in infants: The influence of trial number and data loss due to artifacts
Authors: Sandre Aislinn , Panier Lidia , O'Brien Ashley , Weinberg Anna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe P300 is an event‐related potential component that reflects attention to motivationally salient stimuli and may be a promising tool to examine individual differences in cognitive‐affective processing very early in development. However, the psychometric properties of the P300 in infancy are unknown, a fact that limits the component's utility as an individual difference measure in developmental research. To address this gap, 38 infants completed an auditory three‐stimulus oddball task that included frequent standard, infrequent deviant, and novel stimuli. We quantified the P300 at a single electrode site and at region of interest (ROI) and examined the internal consistency reliability of the component, both via split‐half reliability and as a function of trial number. Results indicated that the P300 to standard, deviant, and novel stimuli fell within moderate to high internal consistency reliability thresholds, and that scoring the component at an ROI led to slightly higher estimates of reliability. However, the percentage of data loss due to artifacts increased across the course of the task, suggesting that including more trials will not necessarily improve the reliability of the P300. Together, these results suggest that robust and reliable measurement of the P300 will require designing tasks that minimize trial number and maximize infant tolerability.
Mother–infant convergence of event‐related potentials elicited by face and object processing
Authors: Hill Kaylin E. , Neo Wei Siong , Deming Erika , Hamrick Lisa R. , Kelleher Bridgette L. , Foti Dan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrior work has provided conceptual support for developmental changes in face and object processing, such that: face processing, as captured by the N290 event‐related potential (ERP) component in infancy, may develop into the N170 in adulthood; and motivated attention, as captured by the negative central (Nc) in infancy, may develop into the late positive potential (LPP). The present study examined these neural correlates in 12‐month‐old infants and their mothers (N = 33 dyads). Dyads completed a viewing task consisting of familiar and novel face and toy stimuli while electroencephalography was recorded. Results suggest that for mothers, the N170 was larger for faces than toys, regardless of familiarity, and the LPP was largest for familiar faces. In infants, the N290 was somewhat larger for faces than toys (p < .10); the Nc did not vary by condition. Adult ERPs demonstrated fair to good reliability; reliability of infant ERPs was lower and was influenced by looking behaviors. Intergenerational associations were strongest between the LPP and Nc, particularly when electrode and time window were taken into account. Refinement of data handling and ERP scoring procedures for infant ERPs are crucial next steps for estimation of intergenerational associations and further examination of developmental changes in face and object processing.
Neuroendocrine and autonomic stress systems activity in young adults raised by mothers with mental health and substance abuse problems: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Burenkova Olga V. , Podturkin Aleksei A. , Naumova Oksana Yu , Hein Sascha , Li Nan , Cicchetti Dante , Luthar Suniya S. , Grigorenko Elena L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAmong the well‐known physiological consequences of early adverse environments is dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. A number of studies demonstrate that negative parenting and living with parents with a history of substance abuse and mental health problems may be associated with HPA axis dysregulation in children. In contrast, studies of more delayed effects in adult offspring, especially prospective, are still scarce. This study was a prospective longitudinal investigation of the association between maternal mental illnesses/substance abuse and maternal negative parenting/parental stress on one side and, on the other side, adult offspring outcomes 10 years later—specifically, we studied the activity of offspring's neuroendocrine (cortisol) and autonomic (heart rate) systems when exposed to a mild psychological stressor. Children of mothers with mental illnesses and/or substance abuse were exposed to more disadvantaged conditions (higher negative parenting and community violence). Despite this, maternal risk groups (having a mother with mental illnesses and/or substance abuse) were not associated with any of the indicators of stress systems activity. Regardless of the risk group, participants with dysregulated HPA axis activity experienced a higher level of negative parenting. Altogether, our study provides evidence that negative parenting may have long‐lasting effects on stress‐sensitive physiological mechanisms.
Climate change aggravates non‐target effects of pesticides on dragonflies at macroecological scales
Authors: Sirois‐Delisle Catherine , Kerr Jeremy T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCritical gaps in understanding how species respond to environmental change limit our capacity to address conservation risks in a timely way. Here, we examine the direct and interactive effects of key global change drivers, including climate change, land use change, and pesticide use, on persistence of 104 odonate species between two time periods (1980–2002 and 2008–2018) within 100 × 100 km quadrats across the USA using phylogenetic mixed models. Non‐target effects of pesticides interacted with higher maximum temperatures to contribute to odonate declines. Closely related species responded similarly to global change drivers, indicating a potential role of inherited traits in species’ persistence or decline. Species shifting their range to higher latitudes were more robust to negative impacts of global change drivers generally. Inherited traits related to dispersal abilities and establishment in new places may govern both species’ acclimation to global change and their abilities to expand their range limits, respectively. This work is among the first to assess effects of climate change, land use change, and land use intensification together on Odonata, a significant step that improves understanding of multispecies effects of global change on invertebrates, and further identifies conditions contributing to global insect loss.
Combined prognostic value of malnutrition using GLIM criteria and renal insufficiency in elderly heart failure
Authors: Oguri Mitsutoshi , Ishii Hideki , Yasuda Kenichiro , Sumi Takuya , Takahashi Hiroshi , Murohara Toyoaki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsWe aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of malnutrition, defined by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, stratified by renal function in hospitalized patients with acute decompensated heart failure (HF).Methods and resultsIn this retrospective study, 314 patients who were hospitalized for acute decompensated HF from August 2019 to October 2020 were enrolled. We evaluated malnutrition using the GLIM criteria during the time of admission. The primary outcome was 90‐day all‐cause mortality. The median patient age was 82 years, and 90‐day mortality was 14.0%. In total, 76 (24.2%) patients were malnourished according to the GLIM criteria. Malnutrition defined by the GLIM criteria [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.91, P = 0.036] and renal insufficiency [adjusted HR 2.59, 95% CI 1.07–6.28, P = 0.035 for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs. ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2] were identified as independent predictors of 90‐day mortality after adjustment for age, systolic blood pressure, and serum sodium level. In the combined setting of both variables, patients with malnutrition and eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 had a markedly higher risk of 90‐day mortality compared with those without malnutrition and eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (adjusted HR 3.92, 95% CI 1.10–13.9, P = 0.035). Adding both eGFR and malnutrition, defined by the GLIM criteria, to the baseline model with established risk factors improved both net reclassification and integrated discrimination greater than that of the baseline model (0.606, P < 0.001 and 0.050, P = 0.002, respectively), even when compared with the model with malnutrition by the GLIM alone (0.463, P = 0.002 and 0.034, P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsNutrition screening using the GLIM criteria stratified by renal function could clearly predict 90‐day mortality in hospitalized patients with acute decompensated HF.