bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
¿El territorio como eje de exclusión de los campesinos?
Authors: Carrillo Carrera Judith , Carrera Chávez Benjamín 
Published: May 2021

Los cambios estructurales derivados de la modernización generan fuerzas de cambio que operan sobre los habitantes de la sociedad rural y la concepción del territorio, misma que está sustentada por el discurso hegemónico que ha convertido al territorio en un espacio social donde se manifiesta la exclusión de los campesinos.
PENGARUH BAHASA GAUL TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA SISWA SMP NUSANTARA PALANGKARAYA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Nurahman Alifiah , Purwaka Albertus 
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan: 1) penggunaan kosakata bahasa gaul , 2) penggunaan frase bahasa gaul, 3) pengaruh penggunaan bahasa gaul. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada semester I tahun ajaran 2019/2020 dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas VII dan VIII SMP Nusantara Palangkaraya sebanyak 18 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode kuisioner dan observasi secara langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) penggunaan kosa kata bahasa gaul lebih banyak digunakan siswa untuk berkomunikasi dengan teman-teman sepergaulannya, 2) penggunaan frase bahasa gaul kadang-kadang digunakan siswa, 3) Adanya pengaruh yang positif terhadap penggunaan bahasa gaul
The Nexus between Instagram and Digital Entrepreneurship
Authors: Adekunle Bamidele , Kajumba Christine 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTSocial media platforms have transformed entrepreneurial activities. These social platforms are used for communication and marketing, connecting current and prospective customers to service providers, and connecting and engaging marketers to end users. Instagram is one of the fastest growing and most popular social platforms for socialization, personal indulgence, and information and product sharing. Based on this premise, it is important to understand the role that Instagram plays in digital entrepreneurship. In order to have a better understanding of the socioeconomic implications of the use of social media, this article analyzed secondary and primary data, direct and participant observations, and inductive reasoning. It presents Instagram's visual power and high number of followers, which enhance sales and attract a new set of entrepreneurs who would otherwise be disadvantaged as a result of cultural, economic, and political barriers.
Contamination Assessment for Cancer Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Li Yvonne Y. , Schmidt Ryan J. , Manning Danielle K. , Jia Yonghui , Dong Fei 
Published: May 2021

Context.—
The presence of allogeneic contamination impacts clinical reporting in cancer next-generation sequencing specimens. Although consensus guidelines recommend the identification of contaminating DNA as a part of quality control, implementation of contamination assessment methods in clinical molecular diagnostic laboratories has not been reported in the literature.

Objective.—
To develop and implement a method to assess allogeneic contamination in clinical cancer next-generation sequencing specimens.

Design.—
We describe a method to detect contamination based on the evaluation of single-nucleotide polymorphic sites from tumor-only specimens. We validate this method and apply it to a large cohort of cancer sequencing specimens.

Results.—
Identification of specimen contamination was validated via in silico and in vitro mixtures, and reference range and reproducibility were established in a panel of normal specimens. The algorithm accurately detects an episode of systemic contamination due to reagent impurity. We prospectively applied this algorithm across 7571 clinical cancer specimens from a targeted next-generation sequencing panel, in which 262 specimens (3.5%) were predicted to be affected by greater than 5% contamination.

Conclusions.—
Allogeneic contamination can be inferred from intrinsic cancer next-generation sequencing data without paired normal sequencing. The adoption of this approach can be useful as a quality control measure for laboratories performing clinical next-generation sequencing.
Antes do início; depois do final: onde as peças de teatro iniciavam e terminavam?
Authors: Stern Tiffany 
Published: May 2021

Este ensaio explora os eventos encenatórios que aconteciam antes que a performance da peça iniciava bem como os eventos de cena que aconteciam depois do final da peça teatral. Indaga se tais elementos, que Gerard Genette chama de ‘epitextos’, são importantes o bastante para a encenação, o texto a edição e/ou sentido como partes constituintes do drama enquanto tal. Concentrando-se sobre o toque de trombeta que anunciava o ‘início’ de uma peça, sobre a oração, a música e o clowning, assim como sobre o anúncio que se seguia ao final da ‘peça’, concebida de modo amplo. Deveriam tais elementos ser adicionados aos textos das peças (playtexts)? O que é, em última instância, uma ‘peça teatral’, e quando de fato ela inicia e quando ela termina?
Cotidiano escolar: algumas reflexões sobre a prática do estágio na formação do professor de geografia
Authors: Moura Felipe Moretto , Azevedo Sandra de Castro de 
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo traz reflexões a partir da prática de estágio que é uma atividade essencial para a formação do professor pois possibilita uma inserção no seu campo de trabalho e amplia as possibilidades de pesquisas na área da educação e ensino de geografia. O estágio em questão foi realizado nas aulas de geografia no ensino fundamental II e teve o foco nos marcos legais e nas políticas curriculares e seus desdobramentos no âmbito escolar através do ciclo de políticas de Ball e Bowe. Além das questões políticas este artigo traz reflexões sobre os obstáculos presentes na prática docente e suas problemáticas, como as avaliações externas, o uso do livro didático e a exclusão na escola. Por fim, apresenta as ressignificações do contexto escolar com pouco caráter transformador, legitimando a escola no contexto da qual foi formulada.
Os ditados populares sobre o clima rememorados pela população rural das localidades de Pedregulho e Aparecida, no município de Restinga Sêca, RS
Authors: Brinco Lucian Armindo da Silva , Werlang Mauro Kumpfer 
Published: May 2021

A sabedoria popular, expressa através de ditos, ditados, provérbios, enfim, sobre as condições atmosféricas, é de extrema importância para os estudos de percepção climática. As pessoas, em decorrência do espaço geográfico pelo qual estão inseridas, com suas vivências/experiências e culturas, desenvolvem expressões populares distintas. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho tratou de analisar os ditados populares sobre o clima rememorados pela população rural das localidades de Pedregulho e Aparecida, no município de Restinga Sêca, RS. Para atingir esse objetivo principal utilizou-se do triângulo metodológico apresentado por White (1977) e adaptou-se a metodologia proposta por Sartori (2005). Sendo assim, após os ditados relativos ao clima serem divididos em grupos, obteve-se o total de cento e trinta (130) sobre o comportamento da fauna e os processos atmosféricos; sessenta e um (61) em face das condições atmosféricas de céu, que envolveram o pôr do sol, halo, nuvens e vento e, para finalizar, mais dezenove (19) acerca das fases da lua e as condições meteorológicas. Todos os ditos mais relembrados pelos moradores da área de estudo, ainda, foram explicados, cientificamente, através da revisão bibliográfica. What do you want to do ?New mailCopy What do you want to do ?New mailCopy
The Institute for Marine Dynamics Model Yacht Dynamometer
Authors: Parsons B. L. , Pallard R. 
Published: May 2021

The National Research Council of Canada's Institute for Marine Dynamics in December 1992 undertook to design and commission a new generation model yacht dynamometer capable of testing one third scale models of International America's Cup Class yachts in waves, and half scale models in calm water. A performance specification was set, and it was decided to base the design on flexible link technology similar to that used in wind tunnels. Finite Element models of the design were constructed and theoretically loaded to determine natural frequencies in drag, lift, and roll, as well as system compliance under static loads. The dynamometer is a four-component balance (lift, drag, roll moment, and yaw moment) with a theoretical minimum crosstalk determined by the ratio of flexural to axial compliance of the flexible links, approximately 23,000: 1. In individual cells this reduces the moment delivered to the load cells. In the system, it reduces crosstalk, the theoretical minimum is approximately 1 :4600. In practice, however, the measured cross-talk did not approach the theoretical limit of the dynamometer and a calibration rig was designed to determine the actual crosstalk to be used in software correction of the data.
This paper covers the basic design of the dynamometer, error analysis, calibration and crosstalk determination, and repeatability of results. The conclusion is that it is now possible to obtain a quality of data from the tow tank previously obtainable only in wind tunnels. Not only has this made possible a better job of the types of experiments previously done in tow tanks, but has also made possible new experiments. In particular the evaluation of lifting surfaces in the presence of the free surface, and experiments on devices such as strakes to reduce interference drag due to viscous effects, are now possible.
Older age and diclofenac are associated with increased risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in gout patients
Authors: Wan Ghazali Wan Syamimee , Wan Zainudin Wan Mohd Khairul Bin , Yahya Nurul Khaiza , Mohamed Ismail Asmahan , Wong Kah Keng 
Published: May 2021

Background
Gouty arthritis is a disease of global burden in which defective metabolism of uric acid causes arthritis. Gouty arthritis or medications used for its treatment may lead to uric acid-associated complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) and renal impairment.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study with retrospective record review, 403 established gouty arthritis patients were recruited to determine the incidence of UGIB and associated factors among gout patients who were on regular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Results
The mean age of the 403 gouty arthritis patients was 55.7 years old and the majority (n = 359/403; 89.1%) were male. The incidence of UGIB among gouty arthritis patients who were on NSAIDs was 7.2% (n = 29/403). Older age (p < 0.001), diclofenac medication (p = 0.003), pantoprazole medication (p = 0.003), end-stage renal failure (ESRF) (p = 0.007), smoking (p = 0.035), hypertension (p = 0.042) and creatinine (p = 0.045) were significant risk factors for UGIB among the gouty arthritis patients in univariable analysis. Older age (p = 0.001) and diclofenac medication (p < 0.001) remained significant risk factors for UGIB among the gouty arthritis patients in multivariable analysis.

Conclusions
Age and diclofenac were significantly associated with UGIB among patients with gouty arthritis on regular NSAIDs, indicating that these factors increased the risks of developing UGIB in gout patients. Hence, these high-risk groups of gouty arthritis patients should be routinely monitored to avoid the potential onset of UGIB. Our data also suggest that diclofenac should be prescribed for the shortest duration possible to minimize the risk of developing UGIB in gout patients.
Modelling Dynamic Micro and Macro Panel Data with Autocorrelated Error Terms
Authors: Uthman Kafayat T. , Oyenuga Iyabode F. , Adegoke Taiwo M. , Onatunji Adewale P. , Oni Olanrewaju V. 
Published: May 2021

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the best estimator for estimating dynamic panel data model with serially uncorrelated disturbances and exogenous regressors.
Methodology: In this study, properties of some Dynamic Panel Data estimators are investigated. These are Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), the Anderson-Hsiao(AH(d), Arellano-Bond Generalized Method of Moment (ABGMM) one-step, Blundell- Bond System (BBS) one-step, M- estimator, MM estimators and proposed estimator, Modified Anderson-Hsiao with Arellano-Bond(MAHAB) estimator in the presence of autocorrelation. Also, this new estimator was proposed by modifying the existing estimators.
Results: Monte-Carlo simulations were carried out at varying sample size (n) ranges from 10-200 and time period (T) ranges from 5-20 when autocorrelation ( ) is fixed at 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7. The estimators considered performed well except OLS and BBS for all time periods.
Conclusion: AH estimator performed relatively well when the time period is small while ABGMM estimator outperformed all other estimators when sample size (n) is large for all the time periods considered. ABGMM shows the largest improvement as sample size (n) and time periods (T) increase. The MAHAB estimator outperformed all other estimators in small and large sample size irrespective of time period in the presence of autocorrelation.
Working memory and fluid intelligence predict reading comprehension in school‐age children: A one‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Vernucci Santiago , Aydmune Yesica , Andrés María Laura , Burin Débora Inés , Canet‐Juric Lorena 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThe present study analyzed the joint predictive role of verbal working memory (WM), verbal short‐term memory (STM), fluid intelligence, and intelligence mindset in reading comprehension, controlling for prior reading comprehension performance, in typically developing Spanish‐speaking school‐aged children. A sample of 83 children aged 9–10 years old were evaluated at fourth grade of primary school, with measures of verbal WM, verbal STM, fluid intelligence, intelligence mindset and reading comprehension; then with the measure of reading comprehension after 1 year, during fifth grade. Results showed that controlling for prior performance, verbal WM and fluid intelligence significantly predicted reading comprehension after 1 year, whereas verbal STM and intelligence mindset did not make a significant contribution. These results indicate that when jointly considered, a higher level of verbal WM and fluid intelligence in fourth grade is related to a better performance in reading comprehension in fifth grade. Possible explanations and implications of these results are discussed.
The Summer Match: A qualitative study exploring a two‐stage residency match option
Authors: Dacre Michael , Hopson Laura R. , Branzetti Jeremy , Regan Linda , Sebok‐Syer Stefanie S. , Gisondi Michael A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe number of residency applications submitted by medical students rises annually, resulting in increased work and costs for residency programs and applicants, particularly in emergency medicine. We propose a solution to this problem: an optional, two‐stage Match with a “summer match” stage, in which applicants can submit a limited number of applications early. This would be conducted similarly to the early decision process for college admissions. The study objectives were to explore stakeholder opinions on the feasibility of a summer match and to identify the ideal logistic parameters to operationalize this proposal.MethodsWe used exploratory qualitative methodology following a constructivist paradigm to develop an understanding of the potential impact of a summer match. We interviewed 34 key stakeholders in the U.S. residency application process identified through purposive sampling including educational administrators (program directors, designated institutional officials, medical school deans) and trainees (students, residents). We coded and thematically analyzed interview data in two stages using an inductive approach.ResultsWe identified six themes from the participant interviews that broadly reflected issues of the residency application process, value, and equity. These themes included disrupting the status quo, logistic concerns, match strategy, differential benefits, unintended consequences, and return on investment. Most study participants supported the summer match concept, with medical students and residents most in favor. We developed a theoretical summer match protocol based on these findings.ConclusionsA summer match may reduce the burdens of increasing residency applications and associated costs. Pilot testing is necessary to confirm this hypothesis and determine the impact of the proposed summer match protocol. Unintended consequences must be considered carefully during implementation.
Age affects the strain‐rate dependence of mechanical properties of kelp tissues
Authors: Burnett Nicholas P. , Koehl M.A.R. 
Published: May 2021

PREMISEThe resistance of macroalgae to hydrodynamic forces imposed by ambient water motion depends in part on the mechanical properties of their tissues. In wave‐swept habitats, tissues are stretched (strained) at different rates as hydrodynamic forces change. Previous studies of mechanical properties of macroalgal tissues have used either a single strain rate or a small range of strain rates. Therefore, our knowledge of the mechanical properties of macroalgae is limited to a narrow fraction of the strain rates that can occur in nature. In addition, although mechanical properties of macroalgal tissues change with age, the effect of age on the strain‐rate dependence of their mechanical behavior has not been documented.METHODSUsing the kelp Egregia menziesii, we measured how high strain rate (simulating wave impingement) and low strain rate (simulating wave surge) affected mechanical properties of frond tissues of various ages.RESULTSStiffness of tissues of all ages increased with strain rate, whereas extensibility was unaffected. Strength and toughness increased with strain rate for young tissue but were unaffected by strain rate for old tissue.CONCLUSIONSYoung tissue is weaker than old tissue and, therefore, the most susceptible to breakage from hydrodynamic forces. The increased strength of young tissue at high strain rates can help the frond resist breaking when pulled rapidly during wave impingement, when hydrodynamic forces are largest. Because breakage of young tissue can remove a frond’s meristem and negatively impact the survival of the whole kelp, strain‐rate dependence of the young tissue’s strength can enhance kelp’s survival.
Teaching receptive money identification skills using matrix training: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Curiel Emily S. L. , Curiel Hugo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe taught receptive money identification skills to preschool‐age children. A 4 × 4 dollar‐coin matrix was assembled to create 16 dollar‐coin combinations. We used a penny, nickel, dime, quarter, and a 1‐, 5‐, 10‐, and 20‐dollar bill. We explicitly taught six dollar‐coin auditory conditional discriminations via a six‐phase training protocol. We then assessed the remaining 10 untrained combinations for emergent responding, four of which were assessed for responding by exclusion. One participant demonstrated emergent responding for all 10 untaught combinations, and another demonstrated emergent responding for six combinations. The findings, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Rapid decline in visceral adipose tissue over 1 month is associated with poor prognosis in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer
Authors: Nakano Oki , Kawai Hirokazu , Kobayashi Takamasa , Kohisa Junji , Ikarashi Satoshi , Hayashi Kazunao , Yokoyama Junji , Terai Shuji 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundInvoluntary weight loss related to cachexia is common in patients with advanced cancer, but the association between body composition changes and survival is still unclear in pancreatic cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical outcomes of 55 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing palliative therapy or best supportive care (BSC). The skeletal muscle index (SMI), visceral adipose tissue index (VATI), subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI), and visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue area ratio (VSR) were calculated based on the cross‐sectional area on two sets of computed tomography images obtained at cancer diagnosis and 1 month later before treatment. The prognostic value of body composition indexes at diagnosis and the changes in those indexes over 1 month was then evaluated.ResultsIn total, 45 patients (81.8%) received chemotherapy, chemoradiation, or radiation therapy, whereas the remaining patients underwent BSC. There were 27 patients (49.1%) who had low SMI at cancer diagnosis. Univariate analysis showed no significant associations between the baseline body composition indexes including SMI, VATI, SATI, and VSR and survival. Meanwhile, male sex (HR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.16–6.71, p = 0.022) and higher decrease in VATI over 1 month (HR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.13–5.13, p = 0.023) were identified as independent risk factors for mortality in multivariate analysis.ConclusionRapid decline in VAT over 1 month is closely associated with poorer survival in unresectable advanced pancreatic cancer. A short‐term assessment of body composition changes may be a rational approach to predict prognosis in these patients.
Self‐optimization for smelting process of fused magnesium furnace based on operation status assessment
Authors: Niu Dapeng , Zhang Guojin , Jia Mingxing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBased on operation status assessment and self‐optimizing regulation, an optimization strategy for the smelting process of a fused magnesium furnace is proposed to improve the benefits of smelting magnesia. In the online evaluation stage, according to the qualitative information, the data is divided by the fuzzy model recognition method, and then the posterior probability of online data in different Gaussian mixture models is calculated to obtain the evaluation results. When the evaluation results are not optimal, the non‐optimal variables are obtained by calculating the contribution rate, and then the self‐optimizing adjustment is carried out by case search. In order to improve the recovery rate of self‐optimizing regulation, a time series prediction method is used to predict the operation status, and the corresponding operation schemes for different prediction results are proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed method is accurate and effective.
Natural alkaloid as a non‐toxic, environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor
Authors: Ng Jun H. , Almubarak Tariq , Nasr‐El‐Din Hisham 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAcid treatments are commonly used in various oilfield treatments in order to remove inorganic scale or to stimulate formations. When applied in high temperature wells, these acids become very corrosive and can cause severe damage to tubulars as well as downhole equipment. Therefore, corrosion inhibitors are a necessary additive in these stimulation treatments. Commercial corrosion inhibitors used in the oil and gas industry are damaging to the environment and harmful to human health. Therefore, it is necessary to find a corrosion inhibitor that is both environmentally friendly and non‐toxic. An alkaloid was tested with N‐80 and S13Cr coupons and exposed to HCl solutions ranging from 15–28 wt.% at temperatures between 25–121°C for 6 h. In addition, a control solution containing no corrosion inhibitor was used to establish a corrosion rate for a base case at each temperature. For both N‐80 and S13Cr metals, the alkaloid performed well, with corrosion rates significantly lower than the industry standards. The concentration of alkaloid used was at 2 wt.% for most tests and was shown to be effective even at concentrations as low as 0.2 wt.%. Furthermore, the corrosion inhibitor was found to be stable in the presence of emulsified acid and was able to provide sufficient corrosion resistance. This shows that this naturally occurring, non‐toxic alkaloid is a suitable corrosion inhibitor for oilfield steels as an alternative to existing commercial corrosion inhibitors.