bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASb3Mn9O19 (A = K or Rb): New Mn‐Based 2D Magnetoplumbites with Geometric and Magnetic Frustration
Authors: Chen Jianyi , Calder Stuart , Paddison Joseph A. M. , Angelo Gina , Klivansky Liana , Zhang Jian , Cao Huibo , Gui Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMagnetoplumbites are one of the most broadly studied families of hexagonal ferrites, typically with high magnetic ordering temperatures, making them excellent candidates for permanent magnets. However, magnetic frustration is rarely observed in magnetoplumbites. Herein, the discovery, synthesis, and characterization of the first Mn‐based magnetoplumbite, as well as the first magnetoplumbite involving pnictogens (Sb), ASb3Mn9O19 (A = K or Rb) are reported. The Mn3+ (S = 2) cations, further confirmed by DC magnetic susceptibility and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, construct three geometrically frustrated sublattices, including Kagome, triangular, and puckered honeycomb lattices. Magnetic properties measurements revealed strong antiferromagnetic spin–spin coupling as well as multiple low‐temperature magnetic features. Heat capacity data does not show any prominent λ‐anomaly, suggesting minimal associated magnetic entropy. Moreover, neutron powder diffraction (NPD) implied the absence of long‐range magnetic ordering in KSb3Mn9O19 down to 3 K. However, several magnetic peaks are observed in RbSb3Mn9O19 at 3 K, corresponding to an incommensurate magnetic structure. Interestingly, strong diffuse scattering is seen in the NPD patterns of both compounds at low angles and is analyzed by reverse Monte Carlo refinements, indicating short‐range spin ordering related to frustrated magnetism as well as 2D magnetic correlations in ASb3Mn9O19 (A = K or Rb).
A Bilayer Micro/Nanostructured Water‐Based Paint With Effective Thermal Insulating and Reflective Properties
Authors: Caputo Antonino , Olivieri Federico , Avolio Roberto , Bonadies Irene , Castaldo Rachele , Cocca Mariacristina , Errico Maria Emanuela , Avella Maurizio , Gentile Gennaro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this work, the design, optimization and characterization of a new bilayer painting system is reported. The underlying layer is engineered to provide exceptional thermal insulation to the paint through the synergistic effect of hollow perlite microspheres and micrometer‐sized cellulose particles incorporated in an acrylic matrix. The external painting layer is a nanocomposite coating composed of an acrylic matrix containing titania nanoparticles, designed to induce the formation of a homogeneous and glossy surface with high reflectance in the Visible (Vis) spectrum as well as in the near‐Infrared (NIR) segments NIR‐I and NIR‐II. Both layers are obtained using an eco‐friendly, water‐based commercial acrylic matrix. The bilayer painting system is characterized in terms of viscosity of the polyacrylate/fillers mixtures, thermal conductivity, wettability and UV/Vis/NIR reflectance. Moreover, morphological and thermogravimetric analysis are also performed. The obtained results well evidence the effectiveness of the proposed system to develop new thermal paints able to significantly improve the energy efficiency of buildings.
Research Progress of Colloidal Chemistry and Rheological Dynamics for Printable Perovskite Photovoltaics
Authors: Gong Chenxiang , Wang Cong , Fan Baojin , Meng Xiangchuan , Shi Siyi , Hu Ting , Hu Xiaotian , Chen Yiwang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe efficiency of solar cells based on organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite materials has already met the standards for commercial applications. However, there remains an efficiency gap of ≈30% between small‐area devices and industrial‐scale devices. Large‐area devices, in particular, tend to exhibit lower optoelectronics and reduced environmental stability. The ink fluid behavior significantly influences the crystal process of large‐area perovskite films during printing fabrication, which cannot be disregarded. As the manufacturing area and total solvent volatilization increase, the impact of inhomogeneous migration by perovskite colloidal particles gradually intensifies. This work focuses on elucidating the impact of the rheological properties of perovskite colloidal particles on the crystalline quality and device optoelectronic performance of perovskite films during deposition. It explores the fluid behavior of colloidal particles in the ink and throughout the printing process, the effects of additives on the motion of perovskite colloidal particles, and how the ink's rheological properties change when modifying agents interact with perovskite particles. Additionally, the functional aspects of controlling perovskite film formation and optimizing photovoltaic performance in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are thoroughly discussed. Ultimately, the preparation process improvement of perovskite precursor solution and the current technical barriers to commercialization are summarized and prospected.
Biomaterials for Corneal Regeneration
Authors: Li Yimeng , Wang Zhengke 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCorneal blindness is a significant reason for visual impairment globally. Researchers have been investigating several methods for corneal regeneration in order to cure these patients. Biomaterials are favored due to their biocompatibility and capacity to promote cell adhesion. A variety of natural and synthetic biomaterials, along with decellularized cornea, have been employed in corneal wound healing. Commonly utilized natural biomaterials encompass proteins such as collagen, gelatin, and silk fibroin (SF), as well as polysaccharides including alginate, chitosan (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA), and cellulose. Synthetic biomaterials primarily consist of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), and poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA). Bio‐based materials and their composites are primarily utilized as hydrogels, films, scaffolds, patches, nanocapsules, and other formats for the treatment of blinding ocular conditions, including corneal wounds, corneal ulcers, corneal endothelium, and stromal defects. This review attempts to summarize in vitro, preclinical, and clinical trial studies relevant to corneal regeneration using biomaterials within the last five years, and expect that these experiences and outcomes will inspire and provide practical strategies for the future development of biomaterials for corneal regeneration. Furthermore, potential improvements and difficulties for these biomaterials are discussed.
Hspa13 Deficiency Impaired Marginal Zone B Cells Regulatory Function and Contributed to Lupus Pathogenesis
Authors: Xing Chen , Cui Haoran , Li Ge , Liu Xiaoling , Liu Kun , Wen Qing , Huang Xin , Wang Renxi , Song Lun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDysregulated IL‐10 producing regulatory B cells (Bregs) are associated with the progression of systemic lupus erythematosus. An immunomodulatory role of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is implicated in autoimmune diseases. However, the molecular basis underlying the role of Hspa13 in regulating Bregs function and lupus pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, Bregs display higher Hspa13 expression than IL‐10− B cells. Induction of IL‐10 production is weakened in B cells with Hspa13 knockdown or knockout. Hspa13 binds to the IL‐10 promoter via the TATA or CAAT box and activates IL‐10 transcription in the nucleus. Furthermore, Hspa13 positive cells are enriched in marginal zone (MZ) B cells to regulate IL‐10 production. Stimulated B220+ B or MZ B cells from CD19creHspa13fl/fl mice for Breg induction show an impaired capacity to promote CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) differentiation. In lupus MRL/lpr mice, a decline in Treg differentiation is accompanied by decreased Hspa13 expression in both Bregs and MZ B cells. Moreover, adoptive transfusion of Bregs and MZ B cells from CD19creHspa13fl/fl mice fails to increase the frequency of Tregs, attenuate renal pathology, or decrease anti‐dsDNA antibody levels. These results explain the unique role of Hspa13 in determining MZ regulatory function and affecting lupus pathogenesis.
Interfacial Confinement Effect of Self‐Adsorbed Monolayer Enables Highly Reversible Zn Metal Anodes
Authors: Huo Yaodong , Huang Shifeng , Liu Zihan , Li Mengjing , Cao Yanjiao , Tian Penghui , Ma Tuotuo , Han Chenhui , Gao Yuliang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe practical applications of aqueous Zn metal batteries are promising, yet still impeded by the corrosion reactions and dendrite growth on the Zn metal anode. Here, a self‐adsorbed monolayer (SAM) is designed to stabilize the Zn metal anode. Theory and experiment results show that the interfacial confinement effect of the SAM, for one thing, greatly suppresses the corrosion reactions through the H2O‐poor inner Helmholtz plane because of the steric‐hindrance effect, and for another, alleviates the Zn2+ concentration gradient on the anode surface through the Zn2+ enrichment behavior and eventually inhibits the dendrite growth. Consequently, the Zn||Cu cell maintains a Coulombic efficiency of 99.3% at 10 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2 for 2000 cycles, and the Zn||Zn cell can stably cycle for 1400 h at 1 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2. Additionally, the NVO||Zn pouch cell shows impressive cycling stability (over 200 cycles) and low gassing behavior at 3 A g−1. This work provides a novel perspective for the interface engineering of Zn metal anodes.
Bulk Carrier Recombination Mechanisms and Photovoltage Deficit in Kesterite Solar Cells
Authors: Ma Hai , Zhu Qiang , Zou Long , Xu Bin , Wang Hongru , Ge Rui , Yue Fangyu , Zhang Yuanyuan , Sun Lin , Chen Ye , Chu Junhao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSignificant open‐circuit voltage deficit (VOC‐def) is regarded as the primary obstacle to achieving efficient kesterite solar cells. By leveraging a synergistic approach that combines photoluminescence, admittance spectroscopy and cathodoluminescence techniques, the theoretical models of radiative recombination in Cu2ZnSnS4 kesterite are revisited, allowing for a comprehensive clarification of both radiative and nonradiative recombination loss effects of VOC‐def in the kesterite bulk and at interfaces. This quantitative analysis of VOC‐def reveals that Cu/Zn disorder remains a fundamental limitation for kesterite solar cells, comparable to deep‐level defects. Specifically, it is demonstrated that the asymmetric photoluminescence band commonly observed in Cu2ZnSnS4 consists of two competing components: tail‐impurity recombination (conduction band → CuZn) and quasi‐donor‐acceptor‐pair recombination (ZnCu → CuZn). These findings confirm that Cu/Zn antisite defects and related potential fluctuations reduce the effective bandgap. Furthermore, it is confirmed that band tails in kesterite are the result of electrostatic potential fluctuations and bandgap fluctuations. The amplitude of the electrostatic potential fluctuations is estimated to be ≈30 meV. Bandgap fluctuations in kesterite are experimentally distinguished from electrostatic potential fluctuations for the first time, which leads to a bandgap contraction of about 130 meV. These studies provide crucial theoretical support for the advancement of kesterite photovoltaic technology.
Length at Age of Mottled Sculpin in a Regulated High‐Elevation River
Authors: Brown Alexandra L. , Hackett Travis R. , Lynch Baylor K. , Rose Brien P. , Johnson Brett M. , Kanno Yoichiro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe characterized length‐at‐age relationships of mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdii) in the Lower Blue River, a regulated high‐elevation river in the southern Rocky Mountain region, CO, USA. Sculpin was collected in May, August and October in a dry year and a wet year, and sagittal otoliths were sectioned for age estimation. Age‐1 fish grew rapidly followed by slowed annual growth and a relatively long life span, with the oldest individual inferred to be 9 years old at 119 mm in total length. These patterns might be due to the altered flow regime characterized by hypolimnetic dam water release, resulting in suboptimal summer water temperatures for growth, oligotrophic conditions and low abundance of prey resources. Our study reports length‐at‐age relationships of a small‐bodied species in an anthropogenically altered river, and additional research is warranted to compare their life history characteristics over space and time.
An electro‐metathesis membrane reactor for directly producing LiOH with purity exceeding 99.5%
Authors: Liu Xiao , Cao Guangzhong , Wang Songhui , Shan Weixiang , Gu Tianle , Liu Zhaoming , Jiang Chenxiao , Xu Tongwen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractProducing battery‐grade lithium hydroxide (LiOH) from lithium salts is essential for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries. Traditional causticization methods, which involve metathesis reactions between lithium salts (such as Li2CO3, Li2SO4, or LiCl) and bases (such as Ca(OH)2, NaOH, or Ba(OH)2), often result in low concentrations of LiOH and significant lithium loss dragged by CaCO3/Na2SO4/BaSO4 as solid waste. To address these challenges, we developed the “electro‐metathesis” membrane reactor, which integrates the metathesis reaction with an electro‐membrane system based on ion‐distillation technology. This technology enhances the causticization process by regulating ion migration through ion exchange membranes and blocking impurity ions stage by stage, improving lithium recovery to 84.4% and achieving high‐purity (99.6%) LiOH products. Furthermore, the process cost is 3.32 $/kg LiOH, which is lower than traditional causticization processes. This research highlights the advantages of the “electro‐metathesis” membrane reactor in process efficiency, product quality, and cost management, showing strong potential for industrial applications.
Son Preference, Modern Contraception, and Fertility Intention in the Context of Polygyny in Pakistan: Evidence From Demographic and Health Survey 2017–2018
Authors: Ibupoto Mukhtiar Hussain , Shah Athar Ali , Loong Anbang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe research explores the association between son preference, utilization of modern contraception, and fertility intention among polygynous families in Pakistan.MethodLogistic regression, margins plot, and propensity score matching techniques were implied for the analysis, using demographic and health surveys 2017–2018.ResultsThe results reveal higher odds for using modern contraception (0.51) and lower odds for demanding more children (2.56) among women having only sons as compared to women having only daughters with (0.4) and (6.7) odds for the same factors. Propensity score matching results show that after controlling for all demographic factors women having only boys are 6% more likely to use contraception and 20% less demanding more children than women having only girls. This association is stronger, especially when couples have less than six children.ConclusionThe research shows evidence of son preference and higher fertility among women belonging to polygynous families in Pakistan. Policy programs should pay attention to women's empowerment, education, and economic rights.
Paving the way for Alzheimer's disease blood‐based biomarkers in primary care
Authors: Erickson Claire M. , Largent Emily A. , O'Brien Kyra S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBlood‐based biomarkers (BBBMs) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have the potential to revolutionize the detection and management of cognitive impairment. AD BBBMs are not currently recommended for use in primary care but may soon be as research demonstrates their clinical utility for differential diagnosis and patient management. To prepare for the incorporation of AD BBBMs into primary care, several practical challenges must be addressed. Here, we describe four immediate challenges: (1) preparing primary care providers to order and disclose AD BBBMs, (2) expanding the dementia‐capable workforce, (3) ensuring equitable uptake of AD BBBM testing, and (4) securing access to AD treatment. We conclude by discussing future directions and challenges for use of AD BBBMs in primary care, including screening for preclinical AD and dementia detection algorithms.Highlights
Alzheimer's disease (AD) blood‐based biomarkers (BBBMs) may be well suited for primary care.
Many changes are needed to prepare the workforce and ensure patient access.
Paving the way for AD BBBMs in primary care will require a multi‐pronged approach.
Hybrid CIGS‐Cobalt Quaterpyridine Photocathode with Backside Illumination: A New Paradigm for Solar Fuel Production
Authors: Ichou Hichem , Choubrac Léo , Suna Garen , Sarkar Debashrita , Marques Cordeiro Junior Paulo Jorge , Diring Stéphane , Pineau Fabien , Bonin Julien , Barreau Nicolas , Robert Marc , Odobel Fabrice 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChalcogenide‐based thin‐film solar cell optimized for rear illumination and used for CO2 reduction is presented. Central to this innovation is a thinner, Cu(In,Ga)S2 chalcopyrite absorber coated with a robust metallic top layer, which potentially surpasses the performance of conventional front‐illuminated designs. Using cobalt quaterpyridine molecular catalyst, photocurrent densities for CO2 reduction exceeding 10 mA/cm2 at 0.0 V vs. RHE under 1 Sun illumination, and ca. 16 mA/cm2 at −0.25 V vs. RHE were achieved in voltammetry experiments. Controlled potential electrolysis showed catalytic activity over 20 h with selectivity for CO ranging from >92 % (first 4 hours) to 86 % at the end of the experiment. This approach opens limitless possibilities for employing various reduction catalysts, extending far beyond CO2 reduction. It imposes minimal constraints on absorption properties, immobilization methods, and catalyst nature, setting the stage for high‐performance, adaptable PEC devices.
Exposed weapons: A revised reconstruction of the facial anatomy and life appearance of the saber‐toothed cat Megantereon (Felidae, Machairodontinae)
Authors: Antón Mauricio , Siliceo Gema , Pastor Juan Francisco , Jiangzuo Qigao , Salesa Manuel J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMegantereon was a widespread saber‐toothed felid from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of the Old World and North America, but its rarity in the fossil record makes it complicated to restore its life appearance. Lack of complete specimens makes it necessary to combine information from fossils of different individuals to reconstruct their facial anatomy. In this work, we combine the analysis of skulls and mandibles of Megantereon from various fossil sites with the study of extant carnivorans through dissection, 3D scans, and the observation of live individuals. Megantereon combined very elongated upper canines with mandibular flanges that were not deep enough to match the length of the sabers, as well as a wide maxilla combined with narrow incisor rows and mandibular symphysis. Such features are compatible with the presence of exposed canines in life, because the narrow symphysis allows room to accommodate lips and other soft tissues medial to the sabers, while the protrusion of the tips of the upper canines beyond the mental flanges makes it unlikely that they would be enveloped in soft tissue sheaths, which would dangle with the inherent risk of puncture. Megantereon was transitional between saber‐toothed felids with covered upper canines, where saber length fits with mental flange depth, and the derived Smilodon where the upper canines are much longer than the flanges and the lips fit between upper canines and mandible, leaving the upper canine crowns largely exposed in life.
Prolonged or perpetual growth of replacement teeth in the rock hyrax
Authors: Smith Timothy D. , Bento Da Costa Laura , Downing Sarah E. , Bonar Christopher J. , Burrows Anne M. , Prufrock Kristen A. , Vinyard Christopher J. , DeLeon Valerie B. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTusks are ever‐growing teeth present in mammals of the clade Paenungulata. Unlike the perpetually growing incisors of rodents, tusks are not used in mastication, and in at least some paenungulatans, the tusk is composed of dentin alone in adults. Few studies have provided tissue‐level information on tusks of adult paenungulatans with embedding techniques that identify epithelial and other soft tissues. In order to examine the mineralized tissues as well as the cells that form teeth, we studied a single, subadult rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) using microCT and paraffin histology with traditional staining as well as RUNX2 immunohistochemistry, and compared its teeth to scans of adult hyraxes. Three‐dimensional reconstructions from microCT volumes revealed that the tusk of this specimen is the only fully erupted replacement tooth, the first adult premolar (P1) is starting to erupt, and the first permanent molar (M1) is fully erupted, whereas all other replacement teeth and M2 remain in crypts. The tusk has a thin layer of enamel on its dorsal side; this is confirmed by histology. All deciduous premolars still possess roots that are in the process of resorption. Amelogenesis has progressed to maturation or nearly so in P1–P3. Notable histological characteristics of replacement premolars include the lack of a stellate reticulum in all except P4, and expression of RUNX2 in ameloblasts, a marker which is expressed by ameloblasts at all stages of amelogenesis. Since the pulp chambers of replacement premolars are relatively large compared to adults, a lengthy time in crypts may be important for dentin production. The results confirm that the hyrax has thin enamel on tusks, supporting the hypothesis that enamel is of limited importance for non‐feeding behaviors.
Primary Headache Attributed to External Compression or Traction to the Head: A Narrative Review
Authors: Hensel Ole , Kraya Torsten 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of this review is to synthesize the existing knowledge regarding headaches attributed to external physical stimuli, as classified by the ICHD‐3 (Group 4.6). Two forms can be distinguished in this group: (1) headache attributed to external compression and (2) headache attributed to external traction.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted using the Medline (PubMed) database and other relevant academic sources. All English‐language articles were subjected to a relevance assessment.ResultsThe prevalence of the two types of headache varies considerably, with a higher incidence observed in women or in the presence of predisposing factors (e.g., work with compulsory helmets or long hair). An external‐compression headache is typically described as a pressing sensation, whereas an external‐traction headache is characterized by a sensation of pulling. The headaches typically persist for less than an hour after the stimulus has ceased, and the intensity is typically reported as mild to moderate. Apart from avoiding the trigger, which is not always possible, effective therapies have not been established.ConclusionBoth types of headaches are relatively common, yet they remain underrepresented in the scientific literature. Furthermore, there is a dearth of comprehensive overviews. If the triggering factor cannot be eliminated, both types of headaches can interfere with daily living and working.