bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Pineapple Peeling Machine Using Pneumatic Solenoid Valve
Authors: Madhankumar S , Suryakumar H , Sabarish R , Suresh M , Ummer Farook A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Pineapple peeling device which used for slicing the pineapple to create a cylindrical pulp. The key goal of this research is to implement a pineapple peeler system to overcome the challenges encountered by small and medium-sized businesses, in which the system produced will minimize its time needed for the pineapple operation. From an engineering viewpoint, ergonomic concerns relevant to peeling have been discussed. For this project, the concept of the pineapple peeler has a cylindrical blade being used to strip the pineapple flesh. The benefits of this pineapple peeler established throughout this venture are that it can remove the leaves as well as the core of the pineapple, and also can peel the outer surface of that same pineapple. Before starting the device, the pineapple is installed in the holder of the machine. So, the first cutter is to remove the ends as well as the base of the pineapple. Following that, the pineapple surface can be extracted by using a cylindrical knife. The mechanism within that device has been used to monitor the entire function of the pineapple peeler system and therefore is interfaced with dual pneumatic tubes to operate the tool. The mechanical and electrical elements are the essential parts of this unit.
Study on plastic pet bottles characteristics to develop eco- friendly plastic paver blocks
Authors: Loganayagan  , Keerthana  , Abishek  , Vetrivel Amudhan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Production of plastic has been increased nowadays, nearly 16 tonnes are produced per day meanwhile the degradation of plastic is very difficult because of slow process degradation. This study focuses on an eco-friendly paving product. Here plastic waste has taken for the investigation to develop a product by replacing cement with plastic waste in paver blocks. The main objective of this investigation is to recycle plastic waste into pavers and to analyze its characteristics based on the recent developments in industrial needs. Nowadays plastic is more accustomed around the world. Hence this work paves the way to reduce plastic waste accumulation in the surrounding environment. The plastic wastes were collected from the nearest surrounding and it is mixed with M-sand of an optimum percentage to cast paver blocks. The plastic paver block reduces the plastic waste, controls the pollution, and reduces the overall cost of production. The application of pavement blocks is perfect on pathways and street ways as it is a simple way of finishing and laying, also cost-effective compared to conservative paving blocks. Here the strength properties of pavement blocks incorporating PET bottles are presented.
Sanitization using Hexacopter Autonomous Drone
Authors: Ramesh K , Priya Dharshini B , Haridass K , Deepak Kumar S , Gokul Raj R , Hariprasad V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Multicopter are slowly finding its way into various industrial sector applications including security, oil & gas, public health, etc. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles provides faster and reliable solutions for many real time challenges. Spraying sanitizers using drone is one such solution which is effectively implemented during COVID-19 pandemic situation. Hexacopter is designed to carry up to 2 litres of sanitizer in its reservoir and the sanitizer spray system is designed to dispense the liquid as droplets at a constant flow rate. Hexacopter is made of carbon fibre and equipped with Pixhawk autonomous module as flight controller. The UAV can be operated in both manual and autonomous modes to increase the ease of operation for indoors as well as in outdoors sanitization process.
Design of experiment approach to identify optimal parameters for boring operation and tool life improvement for piston pins
Authors: Venkataraman V , Raghavendra P , D’Souza M , Holla N , Jagadish N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Piston pins play a crucial part for providing support to the connecting rod which plays a pivotal role in functioning of the automobile. The current work focusses on identifying the factors which affect the inner bore diameter for piston pins during the boring process and also finding an optimal setup which can reduce tool life. In order to identify the parameters which, have an effect, factors such as speed, feed and depth of cut were considered and a full factorial design of experiments were conducted with 3 replicates. The response variable used while conducting include mean inner diameter and range. The experiments were conducted using randomization principle and experimental conditions were run according to random number generator using Minitab software. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted using Minitab and based on the ANOVA results, main effects and interaction plot, optimal parameters values were chosen which would provide optimal inner bore diameters. In addition, optimal parameters where accordingly chosen which would provide longer tool life.
Design Enhancement and Thermal Analysis of Disc Brake
Authors: Roshan Rino B , Pranesh Kumar M , Velmurugan S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In automobiles, the function of disc brakes is controlled by jamming the brake pads opposed to a rotary disc that is usually attached to a wheel. A composite material set is preferred to manufacture the brake pads. This braking process produces frictional forces which cause deceleration and eventually stops the rotation of the disc. The indulgence of the generated heat due to friction is important for successful braking. Changes in temperature of the brake cause radial and axial bend; this variation in shape, in turn, distresses the proper alignment of the pads and the disc. The aim of this paper is to design a brake disc and perform the thermal stress analysis by applying five different materials namely Gray cast iron (GCI), reinforced Ti-composite (TMC),Ti-alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), reinforced Al-Cu alloy(AMC 2), and reinforced Al-composite(AMC 1).The modelling and analysis of the disc brake are achieved with the aid of SOLIDWORKS and ANSYS software.
Study of Solar Panel Efficiency and Estimation at an Institution Edifice
Authors: Ali Khan Mohammed Baba Sharfuddin , Hussaini Dr.Syed Mujahed , Kaleem ullah , Hussain Abrar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A photovoltaic cell is an electrical device tool that transforms the vitality of light to leecy with an aid of pv effect, an actual and chemical occurrence. An arrangement of pv cell is elucidated as a device where voltaic attributes, as current, voltage, resistance, exposure to light. Singly solar cells are often electrical structure blocks of photovoltaic modules, known casually as solar panels. A single junction silicon based solar type can make a limited open-circuit potential of nearly 0.5- 0.6 volts. Solar cells are generally set out as photovoltaic, ignoring of whether a source is from sun or an unnatural light. In computing to making energy, it can be pre-owned as a photon-detector (ex. infrared detectors), perceive light, electromagnetic radiations near to visible span, or quantifying light intensity. The operation of a photovoltaic (PV) stall needs basic attribute: Engagement of light, causing either electron-hole pair or excitants. The disconnection on charge conveyor for adverse types. The disconnection on uprooting of those bearers to an outer circuit. In variance to a solar thermal collector supplies heated by absorbed sun lighting, for a purpose of either straight heat or deviated electrical power generated from a heat source. A "photo electrolytic cell" on the other hand, refers straight to a kind of photovoltaic cell (as of developed since Edmond Becquerel, new dye-sensitized solar blocks), to a device that splits water directly into hydrogen and oxygen using only solar radiance.
Exergy Analysis on Performance of Groundnut Solar Dryer with Forced Convection
Authors: Subramaniyan C , Prakash KB , Kalidasan B , Bhuvanesh N , Amarkarthik A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The moisture present in the farming yields and in seeds is one of the greatest affecting factors which are playing a major role in storing it for longer days. The quality of products can be increased by preventing the formation of bacteria, yeast, etc. The moisture content present in the groundnut must be between 10 to 15% (weight basis). In this study a numerical analysis was investigated on a solar dryer, which is used to diminish the moisture content present in the groundnut to preserve it for longer days. The performance analyses of forced convection solar dryer with dryer compartment were analysed based on local ambient conditions at sathyamangalam for various required design and operating parameters such as moisture removal rate, air mass flow rate, air inlet, and outlet temperature. The proposed basic solar collector aperture area is about 2 m2 which is made of the copper plate as an absorber plate coated with black powder coating for better absorption. The moisture content present in the freshly harvested groundnut varies from 25-30 % (weight basis). The analysis was done for drying groundnut to remove the moisture content to the required moisture level of 10% by utilizing solar energy. The results from the study illustrate that the Efficiency of dryer is a maximum of 39.2% for the optimized mass flow rate of 0.022 kg/s and also it was found that the dryer overall efficiency and average collector temperature is gradually decreasing for increasing the mass flow rate.
DFMA analysis of front axle assembly of an excavator
Authors: Venkatean Govindarajalu , Palaniswamy Sadagopan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The front axle assembly of a hydraulic excavator consists of front axle, stub axle and thrust bearing. The front axle carries the weight of the front part of the vehicle, as well as to facilitate steering and to absorb shocks due to road surface conditions. In addition, it absorbs torque applied on it due to the braking of vehicle. It is constructed with I-section in center and the ends are made either circular or elliptical. Stub axles are connected to the front axle by king pins. Front wheels are mounted on stub axle’s arrangement for steering. A nominal assembly gap in the front axle assembly has to be maintained for better performance and for easy maneuvering of the vehicle during operation. The gap depends on the model and the assembly dimensions of the front axle, stub axle and thrust bearing. A typical value ranging from 0.1 and 0.5mm is required for one particular model being manufactured by the local industry. It is reported that there are more number of assembly rejections in maintaining the said gap which lead to higher cost and downtime due to rework or interchange of parts. To reduce this, DFMA analysis was carried out using the concept of stack up tolerance to reduce the rejections and improve the performance of front axle assembly, without affecting the manufacturing.
Progression in Fire Retardant Properties of Polymer Composites – A Review
Authors: Nithiyapathi C , Thirunavukkarasu K , Daniel Das A , Tamilvendan D 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Emerging new composite materials from existing materials is the actual challenge for the greater part of the material engineers. In this way, there are enormous inspections, attempts rising in the field of composites to compose new materials with the updated mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. The available articles dependent on the thermo-mechanical investigation of epoxy polymers and other polymer matrix composites with various fibre reinforcement methods are deficient and are less useful. Therefore, this survey focuses on the use of thermal investigation tests and parameters to contemplate thermal properties of (Glass Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Polymer Composites) GREP composites. This survey additionally refreshes the exploration that has been acted in the ongoing years on the frontage of thermal behaviour of advanced materials for various applications.
Single-step electrochemical synthesis of zinc oxide nanoflowers and multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanoconjugates
Authors: Singhal Ishu , Balaji B. S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are investigated for use in various biomedical applications such as in the treatment of cancer because of their high targeting potential. Zinc oxide nanomaterials when conjugated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) show enhanced properties. In our present work, nano-conjugation between zinc oxide nanoflowers (ZnO NFs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes has been successfully achieved. Here, we have used a two-electrode electrochemical setup for preparation as well as conjugation between ZnO nanoflowers and MWNT. The x-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, and transmission electron microscopy imaging for the ZnO NFs/MWNT nano-conjugate shows the successful synthesis of the nano-conjugate. The electrochemical method used here is a single step, economical, and without the use of any additional surfactant or capping agents. The only use of pure zinc electrodes as a precursor material favors high purity, easy and a less time-consuming purification process.
Technological Advancement of Solar Thermal System Desalination Process – A Review
Authors: Kalidasan B , Divyabharathi R , Pandey AK , Subramaniyan C , Mohankumar S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Increase in demand for drinking water due to growth in world population and industrialization has lead route for innovating new technologies for purifying sea water. Desalination by conventional energy source increases the emission of greenhouse gases and leads to global warming. As a solution for pollution and water scarcity, solar desalination techniques are incorporated worldwide for converting brackish water into portable water using solar power. Solar power helps water purification via solar thermal systems and also using solar photovoltaic panels which provide electric supply. This review article consolidate the solar thermal energy based small, medium and large scale solar desalination plants for extracting pure water. The environmental benefits and the futuristic challenges of utilizing solar thermal system for purification of water is also highlighted.
Design Of Hvac System For Beverage Industry
Authors: Pradeep A D , Vivekanandhan R , Rameshkumar T , Sangaravadivel P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The objective of this project is to design HVAC system for beverage industry. Firstly, the requirements and Design Basic Report (DBR) of the HVAC system are defined. DBR gives a clear picture of filtration level, required conditions, Cost-effectiveness, Energy conservation, Fire safety, Indoor air quality (IAQ) and Ease of maintenance. Air Flow diagram makes you understand the Air Handling Unit (AHU) zoning for the HVAC system. Beverage industry zoning areas include pulp cutting, blending and homogenizer, filler, anteroom, CIP room and pasteurization. Design calculation provides the data for recirculation and 100% fresh air supply and return system. Processing line is having sequence process rooms and each room have its own individual cooling load calculations. Design calculation gives the value of Tonnage of refrigerant, CFM and Dehumidification capacity of the system. Ducting layout issue the best routing for the site installation to distribute the air from the supply and return system. It includes the details of Damper, Ducting, Duct Insulation and Instrumentation to use in the facility. Supply and return system placement are also covered in this layout drawing and the Bill of Quantity is prepared.
Investigation on Boiler Grade Tubes and Tube Plate Using FWTPET Process assisted with PCA
Authors: Daniel Das A , Thirunavukkarasu K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Friction Welding of Tube to Tube Plate using an External Tool (FWTPET) is also used to fuse materials from steel in this study. This inquiry involves the existence and absence of a backrest of the SA 213 boiler-grading tube to the SA 387 tube base in FWTPET. Taguchi L9 orthogonal array and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) are used to determine the best tensile strength and hardness from the input parameter. The Optimization Part has been performed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in the welding process parameter. Moreover, both the welds' interface that can create defect-free welds was found in surface morphological studies. The tensile and hardness properties were evaluated, and the values were tabled so that optimum parameters could be calculated.
Minimization of Performance Error for A Planar Robot By Tolerance Optimization using an Evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Velmurugan S , Sivakumar K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper is approached in a different way to consider mixed type of tolerance combinations from the fine (F), medium (M) and coarse (C) type tolerance class applied on the links length of a three-link planar parallel manipulator. The optimal links length and optimal mixed tolerance combination are obtained through Genetic Algorithm (GA) with the minimization of three objectives such as positional error, assembly cost and joint torque. Positional and angular deviations of optimum links length are plotted for the target curve. Finally the variations due to the optimal links length from the true links length is illustrated for a defined trajectory through inverse kinematics.
Thermal Analysis on Regenerative Cooled Liquid Propellant Rocket Thrust Chamber Using ANSYS
Authors: Maheskumar Pon. , Girimurugan R. , Sivaraman G. , Purushothaman S. , Vairavel M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this research work, thermal analysis has done on a rocket engine’s thrust chamber with four different shapes like, circular, rectangular with greater breath (b>d), rectangular with greater depth (d>b) and rectangular with greater depth with edges filleted coolant channel models to establish perfect suitable shape for the coolant channels in order to maintain the entire thrust chamber within the melting point of its materials. Finite Element Method (FEM) has adopted to establish the thermal behaviour of the coolant channel’s materials such as Nickel, Copper and Zirconium under the specific boundary conditions. Temperature distribution with respect to the nodal distances at thrust chamber’s inlet, throat and outlet portions with four different shapes of coolant channel models under Nickel, Copper and Zirconium materials were attained and compared with each other. Finite element results reveals that the successful configuration for generatively cooled rocket thrust chamber must have the coolant passage shape of rectangular cross section with greater depth (b>d).
Performance Assessment of Concrete Incorporating Recycled Coarse Aggregates and Graphene Oxide
Authors: Balasubramaniam T. , Karthick M , Arun M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) can be utilized in concrete, which leads to produce a sustainable development in construction industry. On the utilization of recycled coarse aggregate minimize the amount of construction waste deposition towards environment. Also contemporary knowledge is agreed chance to progress the recycling material usage. The current research work has to access the effect of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) containing 30% quantities of RCA with different quantities of reduced graphene oxide and to find the optimal percentage of reduced graphene oxide for RAC. The concrete mixtures formed by replacing the natural coarse aggregates(NCA) with 30% RCA and cement having 0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9% of reduced graphene oxide. The mechanical properties present in the study include compressive strength and split tensile strength each evaluate after 28 days of curing all concrete mixes will be investigated. It provides a vibrant understanding on in what way it can be applied to progress the usage of 30% RCA with reduced graphene oxide content in concrete.
Frequency Domain Decomposition Method: A Comparative Study on Signal Processing for Unbiased Damping Ratio Estimates
Authors: Hasan M Danial A , Leong M Salman , Hee L M , Ahmad Z. A. B. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Frequency domain decomposition (FDD) is one of OMA methods in the frequency domain and this method has become well-known among engineering community engaged in the system modal identification due to its capability as a user-friendly and fast processing algorithm. Though, this method has problems in offering an accurate estimation of modal damping ratios, even though natural frequencies and mode shapes can be accurately estimated. The accurate estimation of modal damping is still an open problem and often leads to biased estimates since the errors are stemming from each step in FDD procedures and primarily caused by signal processing. Therefore, the identification of modal damping ratio turns out to be immensely essential in structural dynamics since damping is one of the crucial parameters of resonance. This study is to determine the appropriate signal processing for FDD because signal processing such as the time window, correlation function (CF) and the spectral density (SD) are the main contributors to the bias estimate. The goal of this paper is to provide necessary information on modal damping for reliable estimation.
Modal Analysis of Keropok Keping Drying Machine
Authors: Suffian M S Z Mohamad , Mohamaddan S , Mohtar A M A Abang Mohamad , Leman M N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This project is about analyzing the effect of vibration towards the keropok keping drying machine. The structure frame of the drying machine has been analyzed by conducting modal analysis using ANSYS software. The results of this project consist of the mode shape (pattern of vibration) with the respective natural frequency and the total deformation that occur at the component. The structure of the component is being analyzed whether they are going to resonate or not by comparing the natural frequency obtained from the analysis results and the operating speed of the drying machine. This study will benefit the small and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs), whom the machine was originally developed for, by giving a better performance and low maintenance cost thus minimize the production cost of keropok keping.
Study of nozzle distance and oil flow rate effects on the droplets size of minimum quantity lubrication
Authors: Kiat K L J , Ismail N I K , Rosli N , Alias E A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) machining process has been widely applied to replace the traditional lubrication and cooling method that brings various drawbacks involving environment, human’s health and manufacturing cost. Although the amount of oil being used in the MQL machining process is extremely little, oil mist formed in the cutting zone still can successfully prolong the cutting tool life and improve the surface quality of workpiece. However, the size of lubricant oil droplets must be fundamentally investigated to clarify the lubricating mechanism in the cutting zone. This paper is aimed to study the droplets size of lubricant oil delivered by a commercial MQL generator. Experiments were conducted to study the effects of vertical nozzle distance and lubricant oil flow rate to the droplets count and size. As a result, the smallest diameter of droplets were found to range in between 10 μm - 22 μm. With increasing vertical nozzle distance, the diameter became larger due to the increasing dominancy of air flow that influences the movement of droplets. With increasing oil flow rate, the droplets tend to merge together, forming multiple larger size of droplets. The size of lubricant oil droplets did not significantly change when varying the vertical nozzle distance starting from 35 mm and oil flow rate starting from 18 mL/h. Finally, the control dial to adjust oil flow rate when using an MQL generator with internal feeding system application must be handled properly to ensure precise amount of oil mist successfully being delivered to the cutting zone.