bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE PROSPECT OF CHANNELING DISPUTE BETWEEN LABOUR AND FOREIGN INVESTOR
Authors: Setiawati Wenny 
Published: October 2021

The recent trend of international investment agreement (IIA) is the termination of bilateral investment treaties, although on the other direction, free trade agreement with investment chapter is growing in numbers. Most of the reason of the termination is because of the unbalance position between two parties in the agreement. Added to the problem is the investor-state dispute resolution which made possible for the investor to bring claim to the host state government. The IIA was constructed to provide a protection for the investor from unfair treatment from the host country, however in the end the one who treated unfairly was the host country. The multinationals corporation, as prominent actors in global FDI, changed the way of production chain which then substituted their presence within the host country and replaced it by a third-party for supplying the MNC’s need. Many cases regarding violations of labour rights happened because of this production chain model. However, the MNCs denied the responsibility and argued that the supplier should take the responsibility based on the production chain model. This paper will explain on why IIA is not an effective channel to solve labour dispute and that National Contact Point established by OECD as one of options available for this type of dispute.
Abstrak: Trend perjanjian investasi internasional pada saat ini adalah banyaknya negara yang kemudian menterminasi perjanjian investasi yang mereka pernah buat, walaupun di sisi lain perjanjian perdagangan bebas yang mengandung ketentuan investasi semakin bertambah. Alasan terbanyak dari terminasi perjanjian ini adalah karena tidak seimbangnya kedudukan dari kedua belah pihak dalam perjanjian. Satu hal yang juga dianggap masalah adalah dengan adanya penyelesaian sengketa investor dan negara yang memungkinkan bagi investor untuk menggugat pemerintah dari negara tempat investasi itu dilakukan. Perjanjian investasi internasional memang dikonstruksikan untuk memberikan perlindungan bagi investor dari perlakuan yang tidak adil pemerintah negara tempat investasi dilakukan, tetapi pada akhirnya negaralah yang menjadi korban. Perusahaan multinasional sebagai pemain utama dalam investasi global, mengubah rantai produksi dimana mereka sebelumnya memiliki perusahaan pada negara tempat investasi dilakukan, menjadi pihak ketiga untuk memasok kebutuhan perusahan multinasional ini. Banyak kasus pelanggaran hak tenaga kerja akibat dari model rantai produksi ini. Tetapi perusahaan nasional kemudian menolak untuk bertanggung jawab dan berargumen bahwa pemasok lah yang seharusnya bertanggung jawab didasarkan pada model rantai produksi yang mereka lakukan. Artikel ini akan menjelaskan kenapa perjanjian investasi internasional bukanlah saluran yang tepat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tenaga kerja dan bahwa National Contact Point yang didirikan oleh OECD adalah satu pilihan untuk penyelesaian sengketa ini.
Kata Kunci: Penyaluran Sengketa, Investor Internasional, Hukum Ketenagakerjaan
An integral transform and its application in the propagation of Lorentz-Gaussian beams
Authors: Belafhal A. , Halba E.M. El , Usman T. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of the present note is to derive an integral transform

I
=

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β
x

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k
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I = \int_0^\infty {{x^{s + 1}}{e^{ - \beta x}}^{2 + \gamma x}{M_{k,v}}} \left( {2\zeta {x^2}} \right)J\mu \left( {\chi x} \right)dx,

involving the product of the Whittaker function Mk,ν
and the Bessel function of the first kind Jµ
of order µ. As a by-product, we also derive certain new integral transforms as particular cases for some special values of the parameters k and ν of the Whittaker function. Eventually, we show the application of the integral in the propagation of hollow higher-order circular Lorentz-cosh-Gaussian beams through an ABCD optical system (see, for details [13], [3]).
Can Market Making of Last Resort Calm the European Stock Markets? The Result of Quantile Regressions on a Sample of Six European Countries
Authors: Mészáros Mercédesz , Sallai Dóra , Kiss Gábor Dávid 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Stock market indices are the benchmark of valuation uncertainty. Funding conditions can have an impact on the discounting process. Therefore time-premium, country-specific premia as well as (un)conventional monetary policy should be considered when studying market volatility. The aim of our research is to identify the effects of the unconventional monetary policy of European central banks on stock markets and to explore specific aspects of the relationship between domestic quantitative easing and the influence of the ECB, through the pattern of small, open economies in Europe. This study employs quantile panel regression to compare the 25% (calming) and 75% (stressed) scenarios of quarterly averaged conditional variance and compares them with an ordinary linear panel regression.
An assessment of how penetration curve adjustment affects the California bearing ratio (CBR)
Authors: Bednarek Łukasz 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
With the rapidly developing road transport, there is a demand for new roads to be constructed and for the existing ones to be repaired or extended. The base of any road is its foundation, usually made of crushed or uncrushed aggregate. To be used for road foundation purposes, a material needs to meet many requirements, as imposed by relevant standards. One of the basic tests to assess the suitability of an aggregate is to determine its California bearing ratio (CBR).
This paper presents the results of CBR tests for mixed aggregate with the grading of 0–31.5 and 0–63 mm. Detailed assessments were carried out for penetration curves, which in many cases need to be adjusted to meet industry standards. The adjustment of plunger penetration curves in aggregate samples causes CBR to increase compared to the original curves.
A Simplified Matrix Analysis Approach to Multi Storey Buildings Involving a Friction Damper
Authors: Gharra Kamyar , Khanlari Karen , Asgari Jafar , Mohammad  
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Damping through friction tends to be one of the most efficient methods to suppress damage to structures from earthquakes. Realizing robust structures is therefore highly dependent on designing for the dynamic forces of friction- damped structures and exploring their reliability against natural disasters. This paper presents a simplified matrix analysis algorithm for multi-storey friction- damped buildings. We have analyzed the behavior of friction- damped systems more accurately by modeling the master-slave degree of freedom of the joints. First, the formulation of the problem is discussed, and a condensed general equation is derived. Then, an end- to- end solution is proposed to find the responses of structures. The displacement response of each storey has been carried out in both condensed and non-condensed general equations, and the results clearly show the accuracy of the proposed method. The numerical analysis and the results of the simulation of various friction- damped structures depicts the proposed approach consists with the commercial finite element method and is applicable for the analysis various types of structures. It is noted that the acceleration and displacement responses of the structures investigated under the proposed method and the traditional finite element method are so consistent that only a 1.5% difference is observed. Moreover, as a result of the proper allocation of degrees of freedom during the analysis, this method yields a reduction in computational costs especially in large buildings.
Bahasa IndonesiaManajemen Laba dan Perilaku Investasi: Apakah Framing Effect Diperhitungkan?
Authors: Kurniawan Firdaus , Amanati Hilma Tsani , Pusparini Nandya Octanti , Mukti Meliani 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence on the effect of earnings management on company's investment decision making, as well as to see indications of the framing effect caused by earnings management on the company's investment behavior. The sample of this study includes all manufacturing companies listed on the stock exchanges of countries in Southeast Asian region with an observation period from 2009 to 2019. The results indicate a positive and significant effect of earnings management on management investment decisions. Meanwhile, the framing effect is believed to arise as a result of earnings management practices and also influences managers in viewing further as a consideration for making company investment decisions.
Keywords: Earnings Management; Investment Decision; Framing Effect.
Minat Mahasiswa Akuntansi Memperoleh Sertifikasi Chartered Accountant
Authors: Ananda Andrea Diva , Ratnadi Ni Made Dwi 
Published: October 2021

This research aimed to determine the factors affecting accounting students’ interest in obtaining the CA certification. The theory of planned behavior is used as a theoretical basis to explain the effect of attitudes toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on the interest in obtaining CA certification. The level of knowledge is also one of the information factors that can influence behavior intention. The number of samples used in this study was 168 respondents to determine the sample, namely the simple random sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The analysis results indicate that attitudes toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control positively affect accounting students’ interest to obtain CA certification. Meanwhile, the level of knowledge about CA does not affect accounting students’ interest to obtain CA certification.
Keywords: Interest; Attitudes Toward Behavior; Subjective Norms; Perceived Behavioral Control; Knowledge.
Faktor - Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Keuangan Bank Perkreditan Rakyat
Authors: Putra I Kadek Sardika , Hasibuan Henny Triyana 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of the Non Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Operational Efficiency Ratio (BOPO) variables on the financial performance of BPRs as proxied by ROA. The population in this study were all BPRs in Badung Regency which were registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) during the 2016-2018 period. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling method and obtained as many as 49 rural banks with a total of 147 observations. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that the NPL and LDR variables have no effect on financial performance, while OEOI has a negative effect on financial performance. This research can add information and knowledge about the effect of NPL, LDR, OEOI on BPR financial performance as proxied by ROA.
Keywords: ROA; NPL; LDR; BOPO.
Profitabilitas, Aktivitas Perusahaan, Tipe Industri dan Pengungkapan Sustainability Report
Authors: Wagiswari Ni Luh Sari , Badera I Dewa Nyoman 
Published: October 2021

Companies and other business entities must disclose or report the company's social activities included in the sustainability report. However, the level of sustainability report reporting in Indonesia is still low. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of profitability, company activity, and industry type on the disclosure of sustainability report. This research was conducted at the LQ45 company on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017-2019 by accessing the official website ww.idx.co.id. The population in this study amounted to 45 companies. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. The sample in this study were 16 companies with 48 observational data. The analysis technique used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the research results, it was found that profitability had a negative effect on the disclosure of sustainability reports. Company activities have a positive effect on sustainability report disclosure. Industry type has no effect on sustainability report disclosure.
Keywords: Profitability; Company Activities; Industry Type; Sustainability Report.
Evaluasi Investasi Pendirian Cabang Usaha Dagang Lilin Bersinar
Authors: Danayanti Devina , Sudana I Putu 
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the real performance of Antasura outlets in accordance with an investment feasibility study by reassessing ongoing projects to be able to determine the accuracy of past estimates, and to ensure that the company's economic resources are used as well as possible. This research was conducted at UD. Lilin Bersinar. The type of data used in this study is qualitative in the form of company history, company organizational structure, and business license and quantitative in the form of proceeds and initial investment value of the company. The analysis technique used is comparing the feasibility study report and post audit using the capital budgeting method. The results of the analysis show the realization of a payback period of 2,362 years, ARR of 22.32 persent, NPV of Rp.887,136,380, IRR of 13.21 Persent of feasibility study report at UD. Lilin Bersinar.
Keywords: Investment; Post-audit; Capital Budgeting.
UPOREDNA ANALIZA STARTAP EKOSISTEMA REPUBLIKE SRBIJE I DRŽAVA JUGOISTOČNE EVROPE
Authors: Janjić Kristina 
Published: October 2021

Rad se bavi analizom i predstavljanjem startapa u Republici Srbiji. Opisano je stanje startap ekosistema u državi kao i poređenje sa drugim državama Jugoistočne Evrope i njihovim ekosistemima. Predstavljeni su uspešni domaći startapi koji su prepoznati u svetu. Analizirani su načini finansiranja i podrške startapima
Steel Fiber Enhancement upon Punching Shear Strength of Concrete Flat Plates Exposed to Fire Flame
Authors: Dalaf Ahmed Naji , Mohammed Shatha Dheyaa 
Published: October 2021

In this study, the effect of fire flame on the punching shear strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete flat plates was experimentally investigated using nine half-scale specimens with dimensions of 1500×1500 mm and a total thickness of 100 mm. The main investigated variables comprised the steel fiber volume fraction 0, 1, and 1.5% and the burning steady state temperature 500 and 600 °C. The specimens were divided into three groups, each group consists of three specimens. The specimens in the first group were tested with no fire effect to be the reference specimens, while the others of the second and third groups were tested after being exposed to fire-flame effect. The adopted characteristics of the fire test were; (one hour) burning time duration and 500 and 600 °C steady state temperature with sudden cooling process (water sprinkling directly after burning). The test results proved that exposing to direct fire effect for one hour caused a reduction in the punching shear strength with an increase in the ultimate mid-span deflection. Also, it was noticed that using steel fiber in the concrete mix leads to a significant increase in the punching shear strength for both the unburned and burned specimens. The ultimate punching load increased by about 11 and 16.6% for the unburned specimens with 1.0 and 1.5% steel fiber volume fraction, respectively, and by about 22.4 and 19% for the burned specimens at 500 °C with 1.0 and 1.5% steel fiber volume fraction, respectively. While, it was increased by about 29.2 and 21.5% for the burned specimens at 600 °C with 1.0 and 1.5% steel fiber volume fraction, respectively, as compared with the reference specimen of each group. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091751 Full Text: PDF
Performance of Carbon Fiber Filament Reinforcing Cement Mortar
Authors: El-Sayed Salama Ahmed Hamed , Edris Walid Fouad 
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to study the effect of Carbon Fiber Filament (CFF) with different ratios and lengths on the physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar. An experimental program included 3 cm fixed length of CFF with 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1% different ratios by weight of cement addition were used in cement mortar cubes. Another experimental program of 0.5% CFF ratio with 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 cm different lengths by weight of cement addition was used in cement mortar prisms. The physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar containing CFF were experimentally investigated at 7 and 28 days of curing. Workability, by means of flow table test, were measured. Density is conducted for cubes and prisms at the age of 28 days. At ages of 7 and 28 days, compressive and flexural strengths were studied. The study showed a reduction in workability with the increase of CFF ratios and lengths by 0.0 to 2.7% and by 0.9 to 5.4% respectively. Moreover, an improvement in density, compressive, and flexural strengths was observed. At ages of 7 and 28 days, the results showed that compressive strength increased by 33 and 31% respectively at 0.5% of CFF ratio while the flexural strength increased by 125 and 327% respectively with CFF length of 5 cm. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091753 Full Text: PDF
Mechanical Properties of Coarse Aggregate Electric Arc Furnace Slag in Cement Concrete
Authors: Tran Huu-Bang 
Published: October 2021

The feasibility of using EAF slag aggregate, fly ash, and silica fume in pavement Electric Arc Furnace Slag Concrete (CEAFS) is the focus of this research. EAF slag aggregate is volume stable and suitable for use in concrete, according to the findings of the testing. EAF slag was utilized to replace natural coarse aggregates in the CEAFS mixes. CEAFS was created by blending 50% crushed stone with 50% EAF slag in coarse aggregates, with fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF) partially replacing cement at content levels (i.e. FA: 0, 20, 30, and 40%; SF: 0, 5, and 10%). The soil compaction approach was used to evaluate the optimal moisture level for CEAFS mixes containing EAF slag aggregate fly ash and silica fume. A testing program was used to investigate the weight of CEAFS units and their mechanical qualities (compressive strength, flexural strength, and elastic modulus). As a result, the fresh and hardened unit weights in the CEAFS are comparable. Moreover, variations in the concentration of mineral additives FA and SF in adhesives, as well as the CEAFS mixed aggregate ratio, have an impact on compressive strength, flexural strength, and elastic modulus at all ages. However, combining EAF slag aggregate with (FA0% +SF10%; FA10% +SF0%; FA10% +SF10%; and FA20% +SF10%) the CEAFS mixtures have improved mechanical characteristics over time. According to this study, CEAFS pavements can be made with EAF slag aggregate fly ash and silica fume. In addition, a formula correlation was suggested to compute CEAFS (i.e. compressive strength with elastic modulus and compressive strength with flexural strength). Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091755 Full Text: PDF
Design Low Order Robust Controller for the Generator’s Rotor Angle Stabilization PSS System
Authors: Kien Vu Ngoc , Trung Nguyen Hien , Quang Nguyen Hong 
Published: October 2021

The electrical system's problem stabilizes the electrical system with three primary parameters: rotor angle stability, frequency stability, and voltage stability. This paper focuses on the problem of designing a low-order stable optimal controller for the generator rotor angle (load angle) stabilization system with minor disturbances. These minor disturbances are caused by lack of damping torque, change in load, or change in a generator during operation. Using the RH∞optimal robust design method for the Power System Stabilizer (PSS) to stabilize the generator’s load angle will help the PSS system work sustainably under disturbance. However, this technique's disadvantage is that the controller often has a high order, causing many difficulties in practical application. To overcome this disadvantage, we propose to reduce the order of the higher-order optimal robust controller. There are two solutions to reduce order for high-order optimal robust controller: optimal order reduction according to the given controller structure and order reduction according to model order reduction algorithms. This study selects the order reduction of the controller according to the model order reduction algorithms. In order to choose the most suitable low-order optimal robust controller that can replace the high-order optimal robust controller, we have compared and evaluated the order-reducing controllers according to many model order reduction algorithms. Using robust low-order controllers to control the generator’s rotor angle completely meets the stabilization requirements. The research results of the paper show the correctness of the controller order reduction solution according to the model order reduction algorithms and open the possibility of application in practice. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01299 Full Text: PDF
Relationship between Transformational Leadership Style and Leadership Thinking of Provincial Administration Leaders
Authors: Hai Thanh Nguyen , Van Tung Trinh , Thi Hien Nguyen 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The transformational leadership style is accepted as suitable for leading administrative agencies to achieve outstanding results and help organizations cope with challenges. Besides, leadership thinking is also considered to have a very important role in leadership performance in administrative agencies. Therefore, the main objective of the study is to explore the relationship between transformational leadership style and leader thinking to organization's performance. Methods: The article focuses on explaining the views on transformational leadership style, healthy thinking, and the relationship between transformational leadership style and leadership thinking, and at the same time points out the current status of transformational leadership style, transformational leadership, leadership thinking as well as this relationship in practice among the leaders of provincial agencies in Vietnam. Descriptive, inductive, deductive, synthetic, and quantitative statistical methods were applied to interpret the results. Findings: Research results show that transformational leadership style, leadership thinking in the team of leaders of provincial agencies is quite average, there is a strong positive correlation between transformational leadership style. In contrast to leadership thinking, a more transformative leadership style means that it requires an innovative leadership thinking. Novelty:The results achieved when applying a transformational leadership style are quite closely related to the application of leadership thinking to solve leadership challenges. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01307 Full Text: PDF
YUSUF HAKİKİ BABA’NIN MUHABBETNAMESİ VE DİL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: ALTUĞ Murat 
Published: October 2021

Dil araştırmacıları 13-15. yüzyıllar arasında çoğunlukla Anadolu coğrafyasında kullanılan edebi dile genel olarak Eski Anadolu Türkçesi (EAT) adını veriyorlar. Bugünkü Türkiye Türkçesinin kuruluş evresi olan bu dönemde pek çok eser yazılmıştır. Bunlardan biri de Yusuf Hakîkî Baba’nın dinî-tasavvufî eseri Mahabbetnâme’dir.
Yusuf Hakîkî 15. yüzyılda Aksaray’da yaşamış bir mutasavvıf şair ve yazardır. Mahabbetnâme de dinî-tasavvufi konuların ustalıkla işlenmesi ve dönemin genel gramer yapısına uygun özellikler göstermesi yanında kendine özgü yönleri ile dikkat çeken bir eserdir. Bu çalışmada eser, tasvirî bir yöntemle dil bilgisi özellikleri bakımından incelenmiş, örneklerle eserin gramer kuralları ortaya konmaya çalışılmış, yer yer bugünkü Türkiye Türkçesi ile benzeşen ve ayrılan yönlerine dikkat çekilmiştir.
Pek çok eser -doğal olarak- çoğunlukla yazıldığı dönemin özelliklerini taşır. Bu sebeple dönemindeki diğer eserlerle benzerlik göstermekle birlikte her eserin -az veya çok- kendine has yönleri de yok değildir. Mahabbetnâme de hem dönemin özelliklerini hem de kendine özgü özellikleri bünyesinde barındıran bir eserdir.
Bu çalışmada Yusuf Hakîkî Baba’nın Mahabbetnâme adlı eseri ses ve şekil bilgisi bakımından incelenmiş, eserin dönemin özelliklerine uyan yanları ile farklılaşan yanları ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.