bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outliers of Treatment Frequency in Retinal Vein Occlusion: 24‐Month Comparative Analysis of Fight Retinal Blindness! Practitioners
Authors: Ponsioen Theodorus , Hashimoto Yohei , Invernizzi Alessandro , Gabrielle Pierre‐Henry , Lavid Francisco Javier , Mehta Hemal , Silva Rufino , Jaross Nandor , Squirrell David , O'Toole Louise , Kusenda Pavol , Barthelmes Daniel , Gillies Mark , Hunt Adrian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundWe aimed to describe a 2‐year outcome of eyes managed by practitioners benchmarked using a funnel plot by their frequency of treatment using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors for naive retinal vein occlusion (RVO).MethodsA multicentre, international, observational study of 29 doctors in 12 countries managing 1110 eyes with RVO commencing VEGF inhibitors between 1 January 2012–2022 tracked in the Fight Retinal Blindness! registry.ResultsWe identified 3 outlying ‘intensive’ practitioners (managing 350/1110 eyes [32%]), 22 ‘typical’ practitioners (604/1110, [54%]) and 4 outlying ‘relaxed’ practitioners (156/1110, [14%]) with respective 24‐month outcomes in Branch and Central RVO including the primary outcome, mean adjusted change in visual acuity (VA) in BRVO: +16.2, +13.6, +9.3 letters (p < 0.01) and CRVO: +14.2, +12.7, +4.8 letters (p < 0.01); adjusted change in macular thickness in BRVO −179, −150, −159 μm (p < 0.01) and CRVO −324, −283, −232 μm (p < 0.01); time‐in‐range with VA > 68 letters in BRVO 90, 78, 68 weeks (p < 0.01) and CRVO 69, 60, 54 weeks (p = 0.04); median injections 18, 13 and 10; median final injection intervals, BRVO 6, 9, 10 weeks and CRVO 6, 9 and 12 weeks; with no significant difference in adverse outcomes.ConclusionsAt 24 months, the intensive practitioners were treating RVO using VEGF inhibitors with twice the frequency of the relaxed practitioners; however, their patients had gained twice (BRVO) to three times (CRVO) more letters of VA.
One or More Payers for Healthcare Financing: The Experience From Poland and Czechia
Authors: Bialynicki‐Birula Pawel , Burianová Lucie , Klich Jacek , Mertl Jan , Šimčík Adam 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on circumstances and consequences of health payers' configuration in Poland and Czechia since the 1990s. It aims to identify the differences in healthcare financing between the two neighboring countries that had started from a similar position, but eventually incorporated different arrangements of payers. The paper conducts comparative analysis of four distinctive elements: the configuration of contracting and payment methods, the power of the payers, coverage and contributions, and the dominant anchor's search attempts. The results map the evolution of healthcare in both countries with a focus on the payers' role, show the payers' economic position and behavior to providers, citizens and health policy authorities. Polish single‐payer system was identified as cheaper and more effective for administratively based expenditure control, while the Czech multipayer one showed higher institutional stability and a wider coverage paid by public health insurance. The paper brings an empirical assessment of existing theoretical knowledge concerning the options for a payers' configuration, demonstrating that the choice and adjustments thereof are country‐specific and depend on the preferred priorities of health policy.
From spastic paraplegia to infantile neurodegenerative disorder: Expanding the phenotypic spectrum associated with biallelic SPAST variants
Authors: Degoutin Manon , Angelini Chloé , Bar Claire , El Khedoud Wahiba Amer , Barnerias Christine , Boulariah‐Hadjou Razika , Estiar Mehrdad A. , Ewenczyk Claire , Gan‐Or Ziv , Lacombe Didier , Lefeuvre Claire , Majethia Purvi , Messaoud‐Khelifi Mouna , Narayanan Dhanya Lakshmi , Rouleau Guy A. , Suchowersky Oksana , Shukla Anju , Guillaud‐Bataille Marine , Stevanin Giovanni , Goizet Cyril 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeHeterozygous pathogenic variants in SPAST are known to cause Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia 4 (SPG4), the most common form of HSP, characterized by progressive bilateral lower limbs spasticity with frequent sphincter disorders. However, there are very few descriptions in the literature of patients carrying biallelic variants in SPAST.MethodsTargeted Sanger sequencing, panel sequencing and exome sequencing were used to identify the genetic causes in 9 patients from 6 unrelated families with symptoms of HSP or infantile neurodegenerative disorder.ResultsWe describe 5 patients with pure HSP with a variable age of onset, mostly in infancy, and 4 patients with profound intellectual disability and progressively worsening tetrapyramidal syndrome. The patients' parents, heterozygous carriers of pathogenic SPAST variants, included both asymptomatic carriers and patients with classic forms of SPG4.ConclusionBiallelic variants of SPAST may explain cases of hereditary spastic paraplegia with autosomal recessive inheritance. Furthermore, some biallelic variants may also cause psychomotor regression with an infantile neurodegenerative disorder, associated with a tetrapyramidal syndrome, a new phenotype associated with the SPAST gene.
Global, regional, and national burdens of intracerebral hemorrhage and its risk factors from 1990 to 2021
Authors: Song Dengpan , Xu Dingkang , Li Mengyuan , Wang Fang , Feng Mengzhao , Badr Ahmed , Rigamonti Daniele , Cistola David , Yan Dongming , Zhang Jun , Guo Fuyou 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe aim of this study was to assess the intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) burden in 204 countries and territories worldwide from 1990 to 2021, disaggregated by sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI) at the global, regional, and country levels.MethodsData from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) were used to calculate age‐standardized prevalence (ASPR), incidence (ASIR), death (ASDR), and disability‐adjusted life year (DALY) rates for ICH. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to assess time patterns. The Bayesian age–period–cohort (BAPC) model was employed to predict future ICH burden.ResultsIn 2021, the global ICH burden remained high, with a total of 16.6 million cases and an ASPR of 194.51 cases per 100,000 people. The ASIR was 40.83 cases per 100,000 people, the ASDR was 39.09 cases per 100,000 people, and the age‐standardized DALY rate was 923.64 per 100,000 people. The low‐SDI regions had the highest ASPR, ASIR, ASDR, and DALY rates. Geographically, western sub‐Saharan Africa had the highest ASPR, Central Asia had the highest ASIR, and Oceania had the highest ASDR and DALY rates. High systolic blood pressure was the leading risk factor for ICH death, contributing to 57.9% of global fatalities.ConclusionDespite the decline in the ASIR, there is an ongoing increase in the absolute number of ICH cases, with significant differences observed across age, sex, region, country, and SDI. More attention and emphasis should be placed on improving the ICH burden in low‐SDI areas.
Histone Deacetylase 9 Deletion Inhibits Hepatic Steatosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Male Diet‐Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Hu Siqi , Kang Hyunju , Bae Minkyung , Kim Mi‐Bo , Jang Hyungryun , Corvino Olivia , Pham Tho X. , Lee Yoojin , Smyth Joan A. , Park Young‐Ki , Lee Ji‐Young 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThe goal of this study was to determine the role of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) in the development of diet‐induced metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunctions.MethodsWe fed male and female mice with global Hdac9 knockout (KO) and their wild‐type (WT) littermates an obesogenic high‐fat/high‐sucrose/high‐cholesterol (35%/34%/2%, w/w) diet for 20 weeks.ResultsHdac9 deletion markedly inhibited body weight gain and liver steatosis with lower liver weight and triglyceride content than WT in male mice but not females. Consistently, hepatic expression of genes crucial for de novo lipogenesis was markedly suppressed only in male, but not female, Hdac9 KO mice. However, Hdac9 deletion had a minimal effect on hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. In WAT, Hdac9 KO showed less adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis in male mice compared with WT. In addition, indirect calorimetry demonstrated that male Hdac9 KO mice had significantly higher metabolic rates, respiratory exchange ratios, and energy expenditure without altering physical activities than WT, which was not observed in female mice.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that global deletion of Hdac9 prevented the development of obesity, hepatic steatosis, and WAT inflammation and fibrosis in male mice with diet‐induced obesity and MASH, suggesting that a sex‐dependent role of HDAC9 may exist in the pathways mentioned above.
Social determinants of contraception use among rural adolescents: Implications for addressing disparities
Authors: Bishop Asia S. , Nurius Paula S. , Rousson Ashley N. , Bhattacharya Anindita , Baumgarten Ella B. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeFew studies have examined disparities in—and social determinants of—contraception use among rural adolescents despite evidence of higher teen birth rates and greater STI risk in rural communities. Guided by a social determinants of health (SDoH) framework, this cross‐sectional study aimed to address these gaps.MethodsData come from the 2018 Healthy Youth Survey, including N = 3757 sexually active, rural‐based adolescents. Chi‐square and independent samples t‐tests examined group differences in rates of self‐reported contraception use (condoms and any form of contraception) at last sex. Logistic regression models examined associations between SDoH factors (social/community, economic, and health care access) and contraception use outcomes.FindingsContraception use disparities were observed for rural‐based youth identifying as Black, Asian, Indigenous, and Latino/a/x/e; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning their sexual identity (LGBQ); and those experiencing poverty. Regression models accounting for youth characteristics found that SDoH factors across the social/community domain—but not economic or health care access—were the strongest predictors of contraception use outcomes. In these models, LGBQ status remained negatively associated with contraception use.ConclusionsRural disparities in contraception use, particularly for marginalized youth, call for service approaches that are relevant and responsive to diverse needs. Findings also suggest that rural disparities are influenced by a complex interplay of social factors, where existing health care resources may not sufficiently mitigate youths’ adverse living conditions. Addressing contraception use disparities in rural communities will require greater uptake of comprehensive sexuality education and multilevel service approaches that attend to youths’ social contexts.
Automatic classification of near‐fault pulse‐like ground motions
Authors: Yang Hongwu , Li Yingmin , Pan Weihao , Hu Lei , Ji Shuyan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study presents an automated, quantitative classification method for near‐fault pulse‐like ground motions, distinguishing between forward‐directivity and fling‐step (FS) motions. The method introduces two novel parameters—the pulse velocity ratio and pulse area ratio—which transform the classification standard from a qualitative to a quantitative framework. Combined with an enhanced pulse extraction technique that captures permanent displacement characteristics, these parameters significantly improve classification efficiency and repeatability. This automated approach overcomes the limitations of manual classification, providing reproducible results. The identified FS ground motions can be applied to the dynamic analysis of cross‐fault structures, enhancing the reliability of seismic hazard assessments.
Accuracy of Preliminary Maxillary Canine and Anchorage Tooth Movement in Premolar Extraction Cases Using 12 In‐House Clear Aligners: A Randomised Control Trial Comparing Power Arm and Control
Authors: Vongtiang Natnicha , Tongkitcharoen Nathaset , Eurutairat Sawitt , Manopatanakul Somchai , Santiwong Peerapong , Viwattanatipa Nita 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo investigate maxillary canine movement accuracy and anchorage during space closure in first premolar extraction cases (maximum anchorage) using In‐House Clear Aligners (IHCAs).Materials and MethodsA randomised controlled trial with a split‐mouth design recruited 16 adults in university setting. Each patient was randomly assigned by side for canine retraction using 12 IHCAs to both the experimental palatal power arm (Pa) and non‐Pa control (C). Accuracy was assessed using GOM Inspect by superimposing the virtual and actual digital models between pretreatment and 12th IHCA. Paired t‐test or Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used to compare virtual‐power arm (VPa) versus actual‐power arm (APa) and virtual‐control (VC) versus actual‐control (AC). Root mean square error (RMSE) was calculated.ResultsPa displayed a significant difference in preliminary canine distalisation (VPa 2.0 mm vs. APa 2.4 mm), while the control did not differ. Both Pa and control exhibited significantly greater actual distal crown tipping than virtual movement (VPa 4.4° vs. APa −6.3°/VC 4.4° vs. AC −4.3°). AC achieved more canine rotation than VC. RMSE was slightly greater in Pa than control for canine distalisation (Pa 0.6 vs. C 0.55 mm) and distal crown tipping (Pa 10.9° vs. C 8.99°). Conversely, Pa displayed better accuracy in canine rotation. For anchorage, Pa and control exhibited significantly greater actual mesialisation and mesial tipping than virtual. RMSE for anchorage mesialisation and mesial tipping were comparable between Pa and control.ConclusionsPreliminary canine retraction using Pa may result in greater error in distal crown tipping but less rotation than control.Trial RegistrationISRCTN 14020146 by the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Registry
Defibrillation Testing in Patients Undergoing Replacement of the S‐ICD Generator: Is There Still a Need?
Authors: Biller Benedikt , Reinke Florian , Biller Katharina , Köbe Julia , Rath Benjamin , Eckardt Lars , Frommeyer Gerrit 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNoninferiority of omitting intraoperative defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing has been documented for transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) whereas data for the subcutaneous‐ICD (S‐ICD) regarding the need for DFT testing, especially during S‐ICD generator replacement, is not available.MethodsA total of 112 consecutive patients who underwent S‐ICD generator replacement and routine testing were included in this retrospective single‐center study and analyzed regarding the outcome of intraoperative DFT.ResultsThe majority of patients (87.3%) were successfully tested during generator replacement with no major adverse events. PREATORIAN score was generally lower, while high voltage (HV) impedance increased compared to first implantation. The risk of conversion failure increased with the PRAETORIAN risk class, whereas patient characteristics did not impact conversion rates. PRAETORIAN score and HV impedance were shown to be the most accurate factors when predicting conversion failure. In all patients with an HV impedance <70 Ohm and a PREATORIAN score < 90 at the time of initial implantation DFT was successfully performed during generator replacement.ConclusionGeneral omittance of DFT in S‐ICD generator replacement is not advisable. New algorithms for low impedance DFT measurements during S‐ICD query and PREATORIAN score at first implantation can be used to predict conversion failure. An impedance <70 Ohm and a PRAETORIAN score < 90 show a very low risk of conversion failure. In patients with a PRAETORIAN score > 150 DFT testing should be performed when the S‐ICD generator is replaced until randomized data is available.
Pruritic Vulvovaginitis in a Young Girl: A Case of Vulvovaginal Enterobiasis
Authors: Gaurav Vishal , Kumar Lekshmi P. , Goyal Dishika , Juyal Deepak , Dev Tanvi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTVulvovaginal enterobiasis is underreported and an often‐missed diagnosis in prepubertal girls presenting with isolated nocturnal vulvar pruritus. An 8‐year‐old‐girl with intense nocturnal vulvar itching for 4 months was diagnosed with enterobiasis after microscopy of a vaginal swab revealed Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) ova. The child and her family were treated with two doses of oral albendazole, 2 weeks apart, resulting in symptom resolution. This case highlights the importance of considering enterobiasis as a differential diagnosis for nocturnal vulvar pruritus to prevent delayed treatment.
The fashioning of the humanist governor at the dawn of a new political and cultural era: Francesco Barbaro as podestà of Venetian Vicenza
Authors: Revest Clémence 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe patrician Francesco Barbaro (1390–1454) is well known for having been both a first‐class humanist and a figurehead of the Venetian government in the new territories of the Stato da Terra. This article explores the pioneering use of humanist culture in the official praises he received during his political career, which helped shape a consensual ideology of the Venetian power as a Roman‐like republican empire. The article highlights Barbaro's tenure in Vicenza in 1425–1426 as a critical moment in this process, drawing attention to the three public panegyrics written during his stay: the two orations composed by Matteo Bissaro and the preamble to the new communal statutes written by Guarino Veronese. These texts show how, through the idealisation of Barbaro's figure, Neo‐Ciceronian oratory became a common language for the local and patrician ruling classes and promoted an ethical pact, based on the reference to the ancients' virtues.
An immoderate appetite for empire: the multiple lives of Paolo Morosini's defence of Venetian expansion
Authors: O'Connell Monique 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis contribution looks at two iterations of Paolo Morosini's Letter to Cicco Simonetta (c.1470). The Letter was composed as a direct response to Milanese and papal critiques of Venetian expansion and was first part of a culture of diplomatic letter writing and persuasive rhetoric, intended to have an immediate political effect on hostile foreign views of Venice. Forty years later, Morosini's Letter had a second life as a humanist text when Giovanni Corner translated it into Latin and donated it to Marino Sanudo's library. This article argues that Corner's translation signals a kind of turning inward for Venetian defence of empire, now aimed at the city's own political class, which had significant reservations about the course of actions that led to the war of Cambrai. The Letter and its dual context allows an analysis of the way that two languages of power, humanism and diplomacy, intersected in the way that Venetian political elites defined and defended their empire in the changing systems of political communication in Renaissance Italy.
Leaving Home and Living Abroad: A Comparative Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Migration Decisions of Africans to Move Abroad
Authors: Dzordzormenyoh Michael K. , Boateng Francis D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjective:This study comparatively examined the individual‐ and country‐level factors influencing migration decisions of Africans using large‐scale cross‐sectional data from 34 African countries.Methods:Employing a multilevel analysis technique, specifically hierarchical linear modeling (HML), this study addresses design, methodological, and analytical limitations in the existing literature.Results:At the individual level, gender, age, education, foreign exposure, sense of nationality, fear of violence, discrimination, economic management, and income and salary issues significantly predicted migration decisions. Male citizens, those with post‐secondary education, urban residents, individuals with a strong sense of nationality, and those fearful of extremism were more likely to consider relocation. Citizens who experienced religious and disability discrimination and those who believed that economic management and salary/income were major problems were also more inclined to migrate. Conversely, citizens aged 66 years or older and those who were fearful of violence were less likely to relocate. At the country level, gross domestic product (GDP) and regional location were important factors, with citizens from countries with higher GDPs and those located in southern Africa being less likely to consider migration.Conclusion:The findings contribute to theory building on African migration and provide insights for developing policies to address the challenges posed by international migration, particularly in western Africa. This study recommends a comprehensive approach to economic management, investment in education and vocational training, anti‐discrimination measures, and targeted strategies for high‐migration regions.
Physiological Characteristics of Freestyle Snowboard and Freeski Athletes
Authors: McPhail Jonathan , Cross Matt R. , Spörri Jörg , Linnamo Vesa 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To investigate the physiological characteristics of freestyle snowboard and freeski athletes and explore potential differences between males and females. Methods: National-team athletes, snowboard (9 males, 21 [2.3] y; 8 females, 20 [4.1] y) and freeski (10 males, 21 [2.1] y; 8 females, 18 [2.2] y), underwent physiological assessments: maximal oxygen uptake (; indirect), countermovement-jump height, drop-jump (DJ) height, DJ contact time, reactive strength index, absolute peak force (PFabs), and relative peak force. Differences were analyzed using multivariate analyses of variance Wilks lambda (Λ) and magnitude with partial-eta squared (). Pairwise comparisons and the impact of sex and sport were analyzed with univariate tests, utilizing Cohen d. Results: No physiological differences were found between snowboard and freeski (Wilks Λ = 0.8, P > .251,  = .169). Sex differences were observed (Wilks Λ = 0.2, P < .001, ), without an interaction between sex and sport (Λ = 0.8, P > .449, ). For snowboard, sex differences included (P < .001, d = 1.04), countermovement-jump height (P < .001, d = 2.5), DJ height (P < .001, d = 1.45), DJ contact time (P < .001, d = 0.36), reactive strength index (P < .001, d = 1.36), front-limb PFabs (P < .001, d = 1.77), rear-limb PFabs (P < .001, d = 1.36), front-limb relative PF (P < .003, d = 0.88), and rear-limb relative PF (P < .021, d = 0.65). In freeski, differences included (P = .005, d = 0.81), countermovement-jump height (P < .001, d = 1.3), DJ height (P < .001, d = 1.17), DJ contact time (P < .040, d = 0.54), reactive strength index (P < .001, d = 1.0), left-limb PFabs (P < .001, d = 2.2), right-limb PFabs (P < .001, d = 1.88), left-limb relative PF (P < .001, d = 1.1), and right-limb relative PF (P < .001, d = 1.33). Conclusions: Differences between the sexes, rather than between sports, explained the largest variance. A broad concurrent training approach with the aim of developing resilient athletes is likely warranted while acknowledging and adapting to individual needs.
Non-Semisimple Degeneracy of Lamb Waves
Authors: Karakozova A. I. , Kuznetsov S. V. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Anomalous guided waves appearing at a non-semisimple degeneracy of the fundamental matrix are observed and analyzed in the framework of the Cauchy sextic formalism. The non-semisimple degeneracy condition is explicitly constructed for the most general case of Lamb waves propagating in a traction-free layer with arbitrary elastic anisotropy. A new type of dispersion equation and the corresponding dispersion solution are obtained. The connection with surface waves of the non-Rayleigh type is discussed.