bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiating between renal medullary and clear cell renal carcinoma with a machine learning radiomics approach
Authors: Jiwani Rahim , Pal Koustav , Paolucci Iwan , Odisio Bruno , Brock Kristy , Tannir Nizar M , Shapiro Daniel D , Msaouel Pavlos , Sheth Rahul A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a radiomics-based machine learning (ML) model to differentiate between renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) and clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods
This retrospective Institutional Review Board -approved study analyzed CT images and clinical data from patients with RMC (n = 87) and ccRCC (n = 93). Patients without contrast-enhanced CT scans obtained before nephrectomy were excluded. A standard volumetric software package (MIM 7.1.4, MIM Software Inc.) was used for contouring, after which 949 radiomics features were extracted with PyRadiomics 3.1.0. Radiomics analysis was then performed with RadAR for differential radiomics analysis. ML was then performed with extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost 2.0.3) to differentiate between RMC and ccRCC. Three separate ML models were created to differentiate between ccRCC and RMC. These models were based on clinical demographics, radiomics, and radiomics incorporating hemoglobin electrophoresis for sickle cell trait, respectively.

Results
Performance metrics for the 3 developed ML models were as follows: demographic factors only (AUC = 0.777), calibrated radiomics (AUC = 0.915), and calibrated radiomics with sickle cell trait incorporated (AUC = 1.0). The top 4 ranked features from differential radiomic analysis, ranked by their importance, were run entropy (preprocessing filter = original, AUC = 0.67), dependence entropy (preprocessing filter = wavelet, AUC = 0.67), zone entropy (preprocessing filter = original, AUC = 0.67), and dependence entropy (preprocessing filter = original, AUC = 0.66).

Conclusion
A radiomics-based machine learning model effectively differentiates between ccRCC and RMC. This tool can facilitate the radiologist’s ability to suspicion and decrease the misdiagnosis rate of RMC.
31 ANALYSIS OF THE INTERVENTION EFFECT OF DIGITAL ART TEAM ON LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION DISORDERS IN AUTISTIC PATIENTS
Authors: Sun* Menglin , Zhang Yixin , Yu Meng , Chen Anqi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by poor communication behavior, narrow interests, and stereotyped behavior. Language communication barriers have a profound impact on the lives of individuals with autism, as they struggle to understand the verbal and nonverbal communication of others, and have weak adaptability. Studies have shown that painting can help individuals with autism release their inner emotions and stress, reduce anxiety and stereotyped behavior. The digital art team can provide patients with a non-verbal way of expression through art therapy, helping them release emotions and improve social interaction and communication skills. However, the actual application effect of digital art teams in the intervention of language communication disorders in autistic patients has not been verified. Therefore, the study will explore the intervention effect of digital art teams on language communication disorders in individuals with autism.

Methods
The study selected 65 autistic patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in a certain city from October 2019 to July 2023 as the research subjects, and divided them into an observation group (n=33) and a control group (n=32) using a random number table method. Patients in the control group received routine care, while patients in the observation group received art therapy from the digital art team on the basis of routine care. The experiment lasts for 2 months. The study used the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) to evaluate the degree of autism in autistic patients before and after treatment from four dimensions: language communication, physiology, cognitive ability, and social ability. The higher the score, the more severe the symptoms.

Results
The ATEC scores of the two groups of patients before and after treatment are shown in Table 1. From Table 1, there was no statistically significant difference in ATEC scores between the two groups of patients before treatment (P&gt;0.05). After two months of treatment, the ATEC scores of both groups of patients significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05). And the scores of the observation group patients in the four dimensions of language communication, physiology, cognitive ability, and social ability were significantly lower than those of the control group (P&lt;0.05).

Discussion
Language communication skills disorder is a common and significant obstacle among individuals with autism. The experimental results show that the art therapy of digital art teams can effectively improve the language communication ability, cognitive ability, and social ability of autistic patients, and improve their autism symptoms. The research findings contribute to improving the quality of life and social functioning of individuals with autism, and provide an effective means of intervening in language communication disorders among individuals with autism.
63 THE IMPACT OF COLOR THERAPY IN FASHION DESIGN ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Wang Yanhui , Wei* Na 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the exploration of non-drug treatment for schizophrenia. Among them, color therapy, as a new treatment method, shows a positive impact on the possible treatment of schizophrenia. Color therapy uses the psychological effect of color on emotion and behavior to improve patients’ mental health by triggering emotional response and regulating behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of color therapy on cognitive function of schizophrenic patients in fashion design. By examining the influence of specific color matching in clothing, we hope to provide more scientific basis for the role of environmental stimulation in mental health management and rehabilitation.

Methods
120 patients diagnosed as schizophrenia were included in the study, and were randomly assigned to the control group or the experimental group. The control group received routine mental health care, including medication, psychosocial intervention and regular medical monitoring. The experimental group received routine nursing care and additionally introduced color therapy. Participants in the experimental group were provided with a set of specially designed colorful clothes, and the color selection of these clothes was based on the color psychology principle that was proved in previous studies to stimulate positive emotions and alleviate anxiety. The cognitive function of the two groups was evaluated by using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), including the tests of attention, memory and executive function. Data were collected at baseline, immediately after intervention and three months later.

Results
The experiment showed that the cognitive function of the experimental group was significantly improved compared with the control group (P&lt;0.05). In the experimental group, the attention (P&lt;0.05) and working memory (P&lt;0.05) were significantly improved. This improvement was maintained during the three-month follow-up, indicating the lasting effect of color therapy intervention. Visual scanning path analysis shows that compared with the control group, the patients in the experimental group are more focused and efficient in visual attention mode. The specific results are shown in Table 1.

Discussion
The results show that the color therapy applied in fashion design can significantly improve the cognitive function of schizophrenic patients. The use of specific colors in clothing may provide a non-invasive and cost-effective way to improve cognitive performance. The results support the integration of color therapy into the treatment plan of schizophrenia, which may supplement traditional drug and psychological intervention. Future research should explore the long-term effect of color therapy and its influence on all aspects of schizophrenia, including emotional symptoms and social functions.

Funding
No. 18YJC760091; No. 22BGL067; No. 23FYSB011.
70 RESEARCH ON THE ROLE OF VOCAL TRAINING IN IMPROVING COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Zhuang Jing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Schizophrenia patients exhibit sensory and behavioral abnormalities, and the current common intervention treatment mainly uses drugs to block dopamine receptors in the brain. However, the cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia cannot be cured through medication. In current interventions for schizophrenia, vocal training therapy can regulate the patient’s breathing rhythm, maintain their heart rate and emotions, relax their mood and body, thereby increasing their resistance to stressful situations. Therefore, the study explored the positive effects of vocal training on cognitive function training in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods
A study was conducted on 150 patients with schizophrenia, who were evenly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 75 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing methods and the nursing time was maintained for 6 months. The experimental group added soothing vocal training activities on the basis of routine care, twice a week for 30 minutes each time. The same intervention lasted for 6 months in the experimental group. After intervention, Stroop color word test was used to evaluate patients’ cognitive function.

Results
The study will evaluate the cognitive function level of patients with schizophrenia based on the Stroop color word test results before and after intervention in the experimental and control groups. The specific results are shown in Table 1.
From the table, it can be seen that the control group scored 97.32±1.27 and 97.87±1.40 before and after intervention in the A card test, respectively. The scores of the experimental group before and after intervention were 97.65±1.27 and 99.70±0.46, respectively. In the detection of the B card, the scores of the control group before and after intervention were 94.75±1.77 and 95.18±2.22, respectively, while the detection scores of the experimental group were 95.10±1.66 and 98.73±1.04, respectively. In the C card, the scores of the control group before and after intervention were 87.20±3.83 and 88.08±3.76, respectively. The scores of the experimental group before and after intervention were 86.53±3.55 and 95.60±2.12, respectively. From the data results, it can be seen that the experimental group showed a greater increase in Stroop color word test scores after intervention, indicating that vocal training can effectively improve cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.

Discussion
The experimental results indicate that the intervention method of vocal training can improve patients’ thinking expression ability and memory by soothing their physical and mental health, and through vocal music. Through vocal training, patients with schizophrenia can enhance their self-identity through beautiful musical works and singing behavior, thereby improving their psychological state and cognitive function, enhancing their self-management level and quality of life.
84 THE STRESS REGULATION OF PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS THROUGH VR DIGITAL CULTURAL TOURISM
Authors: Wang Xiaofen , Liao Fuxuan , Li Zongfei , Han Lihua , Wang Yanzhen , Li Hang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Virtual Reality (VR) digital tourism refers to the use of VR technology combined with digitalization to create virtual experiences with cultural and tourism elements. Through VR technology, users can immerse themselves in exploring various cultural heritage, historical scenes, tourist attractions, etc., achieving cultural and tourism experiences in virtual spaces. With the continuous advancement of VR technology, it has also been widely applied in the field of mental illness. VR technology can bring patients into a virtual environment and provide them with immersive therapy, effectively alleviating their symptoms. The research aims to explore the moderating effect of VR digital tourism on psychological stress in patients with schizophrenia, in order to provide guidance for clinical practice.

Methods
56 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia in the Department of Psychiatry from January 2024 to June 2024 were selected from the First People’s Hospital of a certain city. The participants were randomly assigned to a VR digital tourism treatment group (28 patients) and a conventional treatment group (28 patients). The conventional treatment group received treatment through medication and psychological guidance, while the VR digital tourism treatment group provided patients with VR devices and selected virtual environments based on their needs for treatment. The treatment lasted for 3 months. Using SPSS 22.0 statistical software for data analysis, the status of patients with schizophrenia was evaluated through the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS), which includes three dimensions: psychosocial, energy dynamics, and symptoms/side effects.

Results
The comparison results of the included patients’ SQL scores are shown in Table 1. Before intervention, the VR digital tourism treatment group scored 32.25 ± 5.08, 20.46 ± 4.17, and 22.38 ± 4.74 in the dimensions of psychosocial, energy dynamics, and symptom/side effects, respectively. After intervention, the VR digital tourism treatment group scored 23.86 ± 2.82, 14.58 ± 2.12, and 15.52 ± 2.02 in three dimensions, respectively. After intervention, the scores of the VR digital tourism treatment group in three dimensions were lower than before intervention, and the scores of the VR digital tourism treatment group after intervention were significantly lower than those of the conventional treatment group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P&lt;0.05).

Discussion
VR digital tourism has a significant effect on stress regulation in patients with schizophrenia. VR technology can help patients with schizophrenia relax their body and mind, enjoy their mood, improve their sleep quality, and effectively regulate their stress by creating numerous high-quality scenes.

Funding
2022YFF0902402; 2024-01; 22285801Z; ZD202121; 22375801D.
94 THE IMPACT OF LIVING SPACES BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL ART DESIGN ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Che Haoqiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Environmental art design is a comprehensive design method that improves the living experience of residents by optimizing the artistic and functional aspects of space and environment. In recent years, environmental art design has gradually been applied in the field of mental health. Multiple studies have shown that optimized living environments can effectively alleviate negative emotions in patients with schizophrenia. However, the application of environmental art design in the psychological rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia is still in its early stages. The study aims to explore the impact of living spaces based on environmental art design on the psychological rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia.

Methods
A study selected 58 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia from a certain hospital, divided into an experimental group and a control group. Both groups of patients were treated with conventional drugs. The control group maintained the original hospitalization environment. The living space of the experimental group patients was renovated according to the principles of environmental art design. In the renovation, the overall color design is mainly focused on warm and comfortable tones. At the same time, natural lighting was increased, and wide windows and transparent materials were installed. In addition, add plants, natural landscapes, and artistic decorations indoors. Before and after the experiment, the Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to evaluate the psychological rehabilitation status of patients.

Results
The SDS and SAS scores of the two groups of patients before and after the experiment are shown in Table 1. According to Table 1, the SDS scores of the experimental group before and after treatment were 45.2 ± 5.3 points and 28.6 ± 4.8 points, respectively. The SAS scores before and after treatment were 51.1 ± 7.8 points and 31.5 ± 5.5 points, respectively, with statistical differences (P&lt;0.05). The improvement of depression and anxiety symptoms in the control group was relatively small, with only the SDS score showing statistical differences (P&lt;0.05). In the inter group comparison results, the scores of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group (P&lt;0.05).

Discussion
The research results indicate that optimizing living spaces through design elements such as warm color tones, sufficient natural lighting, green plants, and artistic decorations can significantly improve the psychological state of patients with schizophrenia. Environmental art design not only helps improve patients’ living comfort, enhance the natural and aesthetic effects of the environment, but also alleviates patients’ negative emotions and promotes their psychological recovery. Subsequent research can further explore the impact of environmental design on patients’ psychological rehabilitation mechanisms.
Examining Different Methods to Assess Busulfan Exposure in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients
Authors: Thompson Maxwell , Staatz Christine E. , Fraser Christopher J. , Hennig Stefanie , Lawson Rachael 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Noncompartmental analysis (NCA) and model-based method (MBM) can be used to estimate the cumulative area under the concentration–time curve (AUCcum) during therapeutic drug monitoring. Understanding predictive differences among these techniques should assist in switching between them and interpreting their results. The aim of this study was to compare busulfan AUCcum prediction based on NCA technique (Kinetica) and MBM (NextDose) applied to the same concentration–time data from pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients.

Methods:
Data on busulfan therapy administered once daily through intermittent infusion were obtained from 4 hospitals in Australia and New Zealand. Busulfan concentrations were measured at 3, 3.25, 4, 5, 6, and 8 hours after infusion initiation over 4 treatment days. Information on busulfan dose, pharmacokinetic profile, and patient covariate factors (if required) were supplied sequentially to Kinetica and NextDose to generate NCA-based and MBM-based predictions of busulfan exposure; differences in AUCcum estimates at the end of the treatment course were compared using Bland–Altman plots, box plots, and Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test.

Results:
Data from 90 HSCT recipients (2131 busulfan samples) were included. The median patient age and weight were 4.3 years and 17.0 kg, respectively. Median AUCcum estimated based on NCA and MBM were 78.0 mg.h/L [range: 51.7–107.0] and 85.5 mg.h/L [range: 60.6–120.8], respectively, with statistically significant difference in AUCcum values (P < 0.001). The mean percentage difference in AUCcum values between the 2 different methods suggested that if the AUCcum target using MBMs (NextDose) is 78–101 mg.h/L, then an equivalent target using NCA (Kinetica) would be reduced by 9.1%.

Conclusions:
When switching between NCA and MBMs to estimate busulfan AUCcum in pediatric HSCT recipients, a change in the target AUCcum is likely required to maintain a similar drug exposure during therapeutic drug monitoring.
Bioactive compounds in human milk
Authors: Witte Castro Ariadna , Sanchez-Holgado Maria , Saenz de Pipaon Miguel 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review:
Human milk is the optimal food choice for infants. Reviewing the latest advances in research about human milk compounds and their effect on health helps understand the benefits of breastfeeding and improves knowledge of key bioactive nutrients that can be used to improve feeding during infancy, with short and long-time effects on health.

Recent findings:
In the last years, it has been described how bioactive compounds such as Human milk oligosaccharides, hormones, lipids, cellular components and microbes play an important role in the infants’ health, reducing the risk of infectious, metabolic and autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms of transmission from the mother to the infant of these bioactive compounds are not always well described, but there are several lines of research to understand the biological mechanisms of these beneficial effects.

Summary:
These findings may help improve research in maternal and infant interventions, the modifiable factors that are able to modulate human milk composition. They may help to improve the development of infant formulas and enhance nutritional plans. Also, human milk bioactive compounds identification and isolation may describe new ways of supplementation.
Disease associated malnutrition in pediatrics – what is new?
Authors: Huysentruyt Koen , Hulst Jessie M. , Gerasimidis Konstantinos , Joosten Koen F. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review
Disease associated malnutrition (DAM) remains an important concern in the care of hospitalized children and children with a chronic disease. This review focused on pediatric literature published since 2023 on the prevalence, assessment and treatment of DAM in different settings.

Recent findings
The prevalence of DAM depends on a variety of factors. Studies focused on the relationship between different assessment methods of DAM and sarcopenia in hospitalized children and children with an underlying disease and clinical outcomes. Several papers focused on exploring the interplay between nutritional management and the evolving metabolic phases of critically ill children. Some studies explored feeding intolerance and barriers to administering enteral nutrition, micronutrient assessment and whether continuous versus intermittent feeding was superior in pediatric intensive care.

Summary
In hospitalized children and chronically ill children, nutritional assessment and assessment of frailty and/or sarcopenia is best done using a comprehensive approach integrating anthropometrics, nutrition focused history and physical examination. Adequate nutritional support for critically ill children is challenging and needs to be tailored to the specific phases of critical illness. Intermittent feeding may offer potential advantages in inducing ketosis and circadian rhythm alignment but requires careful management to prevent nutritional deficits.