bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy Does not Affect the Prognoses of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients With Lung Metastases
Authors: Xi Chuang , Zhang Qian , Song Hong-Jun , Shen Chen-Tian , Zhang Guo-Qiang , Sun Jian-Wen , Qiu Zhong-Ling , Luo Quan-Yong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Context
Pregnancy-related hormones may stimulate thyroid cancer growth, but whether pregnancy affects the prognoses of patients with lung metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC-LM) after surgery and radioiodine therapy is unclear.

Objective
To assess the impact of pregnancy on DTC-LM through the comparison of prognoses between female patients with DTC-LM who did and did not become pregnant after surgery and radioiodine therapy.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the records of 124 female patients aged 16 to 35 years who underwent surgery and radioiodine therapy for DTC-LM. These patients were divided into pregnancy group (n = 37) and nonpregnancy group (n = 87) according to whether they became pregnant after surgery and radioiodine therapy, regardless of whether they had a pregnant history before treatment.

Results
The 5- and 10-year progression-free survival rates were 94.52% and 63.22% in pregnancy group versus 89.82% and 58.13% in nonpregnancy group. The 5- and 10-year cumulative overall survival rates of pregnancy group were 97.30% and 85.77% versus 93.50% and 81.95% in nonpregnancy group (all P &gt; 0.05). The median time of follow-up in the pregnancy and nonpregnancy groups was 82 months (25-136 months) and 68 months (13-133 months), respectively. Non–radioiodine-avid LM and primary tumors needing repeated resection were independent predictors of poor progression-free survival for patients in pregnancy group.

Conclusion
Pregnancy does not affect the prognoses of patients with DTC-LM after surgery and radioiodine therapy. Non–radioiodine-avid LM and repeated primary tumor surgeries are independent risk factors for poor prognoses of pregnant patients.
Measuring Anxiety Level of Failure Science Students in Performing Calculus Subject
Authors: A. Wahab J. , F. Mohamad Razi N. , M. H. Mohammad Hamzah M. , Z. Azmi A. , H. Nasrudin N. 
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, mathematics has become an important subject in various fields. In UiTM Tapah Campus, Calculus is one of the compulsory subject must be taken by science student. However, majority of the students not enjoyable to enroll this subject and have negative thought that slowly becomes obstacle to them to graduate on time due to failure in this subject. Anxiety has been identified as the main reason among failure students. Thus, a set of questionnaire to measure anxiety level among them been constructed consists of three main section (General Information, Test Anxiety, Mathematics Anxiety) and been distributed through Google form in order to get the response from students. The data have been analyzed using IBM SPSS (V23). Several selection of data analysis method was used to answer the objectives for this study which are reliability test, descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Findings shows that student with lower grade (E or F) tended to have higher math and test anxiety compared to higher grade students (D and D+). Thus, lecturers can focus on the most affected students and give them the most exposure to mathematical activities. It also benefits university to achieve university target in Graduate on Time (GoT) students’ percentage.
Biosynthesis and antioxidation of nano-selenium using lemon juice as a reducing agent
Authors: Wen Su , Hui Yang , Chuang Wang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nano-selenium was synthesized using lemon juice as a reducing agent. The experiments showed that pH value affected greatly the shape and the size of the prepared nano-selenium. At pH 9, lemon juice could reduce 50 mmol/L of selenite ions to nano-selenium with particle size between 50 and 90 nm, which was spherical and well dispersed. Lemon juice acted as both a reducing agent and a stabilizer in the synthesis of nano-selenium, in which the chemical interaction between biomolecules and the nano-selenium surface was the basis for the stable existence of nano-selenium. The selenite concentration influenced the formation of nano-selenium, and a low selenite concentration was beneficial to obtain small particles. The achieved nano-selenium exhibited a strong antioxidant activity positively related to concentration. The comparative study showed that the antioxidation of nano-selenium is weaker than that of vitamin C but higher than that of lemon juice.
Modeling of dry reforming of methane for hydrogen production at low temperatures using membrane reactor
Authors: Lu Cheng-Yang , Chein Rei-Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The hydrogen removal and carbon formation effects in dense palladium (Pd)-based membrane reactors for dry reforming of methane (DRM) performance is numerically analyzed in this study. The steady-state membrane reactor operation is described using a three-dimensional, heterogeneous, non-isothermal mathematical model. Based on the numerical simulation results for reaction temperature and pressure varied in the 400–600 °C and 1–30 atm ranges, methane conversion and hydrogen yield were found enhanced using the membrane reactor. However, carbon formation, which affects catalyst activity and limits the benefits of using a membrane reactor is also enhanced. A parametric study using reaction pressure as the primary parameter for the membrane reactor operation found that the CH4 conversion, hydrogen yield, H2 recovery, and carbon formation can be enhanced by increasing the reaction temperature, inlet CO2/CH4 ratio, and sweep gas flow rate. With the enhanced H2 removal, carbon formation is also enhanced. Because membrane permeance is inversely proportional to the membrane thickness, membrane thickness can be used as a parameter to control the carbon formation under given operating conditions.
Riemann problem and limits of solutions to the isentropic relativistic Euler equations for isothermal gas with flux approximation
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhang Yanyan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We are concerned with the vanishing flux-approximation limits of solutions to the isentropic relativistic Euler equations governing isothermal perfect fluid flows. The Riemann problem with a two-parameter flux approximation including pressure term is first solved. Then, we study the limits of solutions when the pressure and two-parameter flux approximation vanish, respectively. It is shown that, any two-shock-wave Riemann solution converges to a delta-shock solution of the pressureless relativistic Euler equations, and the intermediate density between these two shocks tends to a weighted δ-measure that forms a delta shock wave. By contract, any two-rarefaction-wave solution tends to a two-contact-discontinuity solution of the pressureless relativistic Euler equations, and the intermediate state in between tends to a vacuum state.
Sicherheitsempfinden und Viktimisierungserfahrungen von Geflüchteten
Authors: Treskow Laura , Johanningmeier Louisa 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Das Streben nach Sicherheit gilt als ein Grundbedürfnis des Menschen. Es erscheint daher plausibel, dass Menschen ihr Herkunftsland verlassen, wenn ihre Sicherheit offensichtlich bedroht ist bzw. eine solche Bedrohung befürchtet wird. Theoretische Überlegungen zum Sicherheitsempfinden gehen von einer Beeinflussung durch individuelle Erfahrungen und sozialräumliche Bedingungen aus. Die vorliegende Analyse fokussiert das subjektive Sicherheitsempfinden von Migranten
Es sind stets Personen aller Geschlechter gleichermaßen gemeint; aus Gründen der besseren Lesbarkeit wird im Folgenden nur die männliche Form verwendet, nichtsdestoweniger beziehen sich die Angaben und Ausführungen auf Angehörige aller Geschlechter. Wird zwischen den Geschlechtern unterschieden, ist dies gesondert ausgeführt.
mit Fluchthintergrund in ihrem Alltagsleben in Deutschland, wobei der Einfluss verschiedener individueller Faktoren (u. a. Viktimisierung vor, während und nach der Flucht) auf das Sicherheitsempfinden im Fokus steht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Zufriedenheit mit der aktuellen Lebenssituation den stärksten positiven Einfluss auf das Sicherheitsempfinden hat.
The crystal structure of (azido)-κ1
N-6,6′-((cyclohexane-1,2-diylbis(azanylylidene)) bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-bromophenolato-
κ

4

N,N,O,O)-(methanol)-manganese(III)–methanol(1/1), C
22
H
26
Br
2
MnN
5
O
4
Authors: Liu Dian , Ma Xun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
C22H26Br2MnN5O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.0106(4) Å, b = 14.5925(7) Å, c = 21.0425(11) Å, β = 100.330(2)°, V = 2419.9(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0372, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0766, T = 296.15 K.
Production, Properties and Swelling of Copper-Pectic Gel Particles in an Artificial Gastroenteric Environment
Authors: Shubakov Anatoly , Mikhailova Elena 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the this research was to obtain and study the properties of copper-pectic gel particles (CuPGPs) obtained from aqueous solutions of apple pectin (AP) in the concentration range of 1%-5% in the presence of Cu2+ ions.	Methods and Results: We used commercial AP AU701 (Herbstreith & Fox KG, Germany). CuPGPs were obtained from aqueous solutions of AP (1%, 3%, 5%) in the presence of Cu2+ ions (1%-10%) by the method of ionotropic gelation, The diameter and density of the CuPGPs were determined.	Dry CuPGPs formed from 5% AP with all tested concentrations of copper ions have the largest diameter (0.96-1.15mm), and gel particles formed on the basis of 1% AP have the smallest diameter (0.42-0.74mm). CuPGPs formed from 5% AP have the highest density (1.43-1.65 mg/mm3), and CuPGPs formed on the basis of 1% AP have the lowest density (0.65-0.92 mg/mm3). Gel particles obtained from 1% AP swelled in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) by 161% and then completely degraded immediately upon entering in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). CuPGPs obtained from 3% AP swelled by 166% in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and 148% in SIF, and completely degraded in SIF after 2.5 hours of incubation in it. Gel particles obtained from 5% AP in the presence of 10% Cu2+ swelled most strongly – by 173% in SGF and by 208% in SIF. And then, they degraded after 8 hours of incubation in simulated colonic fluid (SCF).
Diffuse Peripheral Pulmonary Stenosis as a Cause of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Rincon Imelda , Garcia-Amaya Vladimir , Blanco-Velazco Daniel , Yañez-Gutierrez Lucelli , Salazar-Lizarraga David , Garcia-Davalos Israel , German-Arroyo Cristopher , Marquez-Gonzalez Horacio , Lopez-Gallegos Diana , Santiago-Hernandez Jaime 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Peripheral pulmonary arterial stenosis is poorly recognized in the adult population that it can cause pulmonary hypertension, but it is likely that it is misdiagnosed as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Case description: 16-year-old female, in functional class II, grade II systolic murmur pulmonary focus, saturation 96%. Chest tomography: left peribronchovascular consolidation. Catheterization: diffuse peripheral pulmonary stenosis, perfusion defect in the left lobe vasculature, probable thrombosis vs atresia, PMAP 78mmHg. Preserved biventricular systodiastolic function. Perfusion lung scan: pulmonary thromboembolism. Methodology: The Boolean method was used to search for MESH terms "segmental arteries" "pulmonary" [and] "stenosis" in the database with repositories of indexed arbitrary scientific evidence (PubMed) and not indexed (ScholarGoogle). Discussion Patients with this disease usually have systemic pressures of the right ventricle secondary to obstruction in the lobar, segmental, and subsegmental branches. Small segmental artery stenting, particularly in patients with congenital diffuse peripheral pulmonary stenosis, has been less successful. Conclusions: In recent years, peripheral pulmonary artery surgery has been associated with low mortality and a reduction in the RV / Ao pressure ratio of almost 50%. The current treatment of these patients remains somewhat controversial and poorly documented since there are places where they cannot be approached surgically.
Biomechanical Energy Analysis and Functional Evaluation of a Lower Limb Energy Harvesting and Transmission Exoskeleton
Authors: Zhou Xin , Tang Yunqi , Wang Zhe , Zhang Tong , Liu Xiaoli 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Human beings are constantly adjusting their strategies to adapt to the new environment along with the rapid evolution and development. Scientists have made great effort to collect the energy consumed by walking and provide it as energy input to join the energy circulation system. It can be utilized to rehabilitation training, walking assistance and energy compensation of patients with mild hemiplegia. Methods: Based on the clinical medical viewpoint of healthy side teaching the affected side, through harvesting the energy of the healthy side of the lower limb, release it when the affected side works, to realize the movement assistance independently. Therefore, this paper describes an energy harvesting and transmission exoskeleton (EHTE) to achieve the biomechanical energy harvest, management, and transmission. The human experiment and function evaluation was carried out to explore the influence mechanism on the main muscles of human lower limbs. The data acquired by the sEMG experiment, and sEMG signals were recorded. Results: The result shows that EHTE can reduce the strength and activity of some muscles and achieve ipsilateral and contralateral lower limb assistance. The sEMG signal of muscle changes considerably during walking with EHTE, which indicates that muscle contraction has enhanced. Conclusions: It suggested that the body adjusts physiological changes automatically to adapt to energy transmission during walking. EHTE provides a potential solution to enhance exercise ability, prolong the joint life, delay the development of disease and improve the quality of life.
Development and Usability Evaluation of an Application for Patients With Glaucoma
Authors: Valente Paula Soares de Mattos Carneiro , Carneiro Carolina Lyra Barreira , Aguiar Ridson Guilherme Parente de , Júnior Francisco Emanoel Albuquerque de Souza , Maciel Alex Andrade , Marçal Edgar , Neto José de Paula Barbosa , Ribeiro Joao Crispim 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
IntroductionGlaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy that requires continuous monitoring. The purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate the usability of a mobile application, for iOS and Android platforms, containing functionalities to improve patients’ knowledge about glaucoma and facilitate their treatment. MethodsThe application was developed by a multidisciplinary team using an adapted version of a co-design methodology. Thirty-six volunteers were selected, among patients and patients' relatives, from the Instituto Cearense de Oftalmologia, chosen by rational choice sampling, to answer the System Usability Scale after having prior orientation. The results extracted from the questionnaire were analyzed quantitatively. After grouping by age, a proportions test (z-test) was performed. ResultsIt was possible to develop an application for mobile devices named “GlaucoCheck”. Of the 36 interviewees, the average age was 51 (22-69) years old, 56% were women, and 64% had a university degree. The average APP score for usability in the SUS questionnaire was 75.6 (95% CI 74.1-77.2). DiscussionThere was an appropriate acceptance of patients to the “GlaucoCheck”, as it was considered easy to handle, exhibiting interactive and uncomplicated layout. It was possible to develop an application and to register a positive acceptance by the users, encompassing functions that permits better adherence to treatments and additional knowledge about glaucoma.
Removal of Migrated Esophageal Stents in the Stomach Under the Guidance of Fluoroscopy: a Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Ren Kewei , Liu Haitao , Zhou Zihe , Li Yahua , Lu Huibin , Han Xinwei , Ren Jianzhuang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Migrated esophageal self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) increase the risk of bowel obstruction or perforation. The endoscopic removal of migrated stents is extremely difficult due to the inability to observe the distal end of the stent during retrieval. Here, we report our experience removing migrated esophageal stents in the stomach under the guidance of fluoroscopy.Material and methods: The clinical data of patients with esophageal stents that migrated to the stomach between January 2016 and March 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 27 patients (9 females and 18 males) were included in this study. Three methods of retrieval were considered: direct removal via a fixed string, direct removal via a retrieval hook, and retrieval via guide wire and gooseneck snare.Results: A total of 28 migrated esophageal stents in the stomachs of 27 patients were successfully removed under the guidance of fluoroscopy by the three methods mentioned above: 10 cases of direct removal via a fixed string, 14 cases of direct removal via a retrieval hook, and 3 cases of retrieval via a guide wire. The stent removal time was 18 (7-60) minutes. During the operation, one patient had a small amount of esophageal bleeding that was cured after symptomatic treatment, and one patient had a residual fracture stent wire that was removed under endoscopy.Conclusion: The removal of migrated esophageal stents in the stomach under the guidance of fluoroscopy is a feasible and safe procedure.
Surgical Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Lymphedema in Advanced-Stage Upper Extremity Lymphedema
Authors: Kim Soo-Byn , Moon Kyung-Chul 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Recent advances in supermicrosurgery have evolved to treat lymphedema surgically. For patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and advanced-stage lymphedema, lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) may effectively improve lymphedema after carpal tunnel release in patients with CTS and advanced stage lymphedema. However, no studies have reported simultaneous carpal tunnel release and LVA surgeries for patients with CTS and advanced-stage lymphedema.Case Presentation A 60-year-old female with carpal tunnel syndrome and International Society of Lymphology late stage 2 right upper extremity lymphedema following right mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for treating breast cancer was admitted to our lymphedema clinic. She developed carpal tunnel syndrome four years after breast cancer surgery. She underwent release of the transverse carpal ligament, followed by four lymphovenous anastomoses at the wrist, forearm, and antecubital area. After two simultaneous surgeries, she had less neuropathic pain and volume reduction in her hand.Conclusion The authors recommend simultaneous LVA and release of the transverse carpal ligament as the first treatment option for patients with advanced-stage lymphedema and concurrent CTS.
The Role of ERBB4 Mutations in the Prognosis of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Hu Xilin , Wen Ruran , Xu Hanlin , Jiao Wenjie , Tian Kaihua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been reported to achieved convincing clinical benefits and significantly prolonged the overall survival (OS) of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Sensitivity to immunotherapy was related to several biomarkers, such as PD-L1 expression, TMB level, MSI-H and MMR. However, novel biomarkers for the prognosis to ICIs treatment need to be further investigated, and it is an urgent demand to establish a systematic hazard model to assess the efficacy of ICIs therapy for advanced NSCLC patients.Methods: In this study, gene mutation and clinical data of NSCLC patients was obtained from the TCGA database. Then, we analyzed the detailed clinical information and mutational data of two advanced NSCLC cohorts received ICIs treatment from the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics. The Kaplan-Meier plot method was used to perform survival analyses, selected variables were used to develop a systematic nomogram. The prognostic significance of ERBB4 in pan-cancer was analyzed by another cohort from cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics.Results: Mutation frequencies of TP53 and ERBB4 was 54% and 8% in NSCLC, respectively. Mutual exclusive analysis in cBioPortal indicated that ERBB4 does show co-occurencing mutations with TP53. Patients harbored ERBB4 mutations were confirmed to have a better prognosis for ICIs treatment, compared to ERBB4 wild type (PFS: p=0.0360; OS: p=0.0378) and only TP53 mutations (OS: p=0.021). The mutation status of ERBB4 and TP53 are tightly linked to DCB for ICIs treatment, PD-L1 expression, TMB value and TIICs. Finally, a novel nomogram was built to evaluate the efficacy of ICIs therapy.Conclusion: ERBB4 mutations could serve as a predicting biomarker for prognosis of ICIs treatment. The systematic nomogram was proven to have a great potential to evaluate the efficacy of ICIs therapy for advanced NSCLC patients.
Beyond Hemoglobin A1c: A Videographic Analysis of Conversations About Quality of Life and Treatment Burden During Clinical Encounters for Diabetes Care
Authors: Haider Shanzay , Kawkgi Omar El , Clark Jennifer , Breslin Maggie , Boehmer Kasey R. , Montori Victor , Lipska Kasia J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Diabetes care has largely focused on reducing the risk of complications by achieving hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) targets; yet, whole-person care may be more effective and desirable. We sought to determine the nature of discussions about quality of life, burden of treatment, hypoglycemia, sexual function, and social support during diabetes-focused clinical encounters.Methods: We analyzed 41 previously recorded clinical encounters with patients with type 2 diabetes from the control arms of practice-based trials of shared decision making. Two coders evaluated videos for discussions about aspects of life with diabetes: quality of life, burden of treatment, hypoglycemia, sexual function, and social supports. When an aspect was raised, coders evaluated the nature of the conversation, clinician responses, and time spent on discussing the aspect. Results: Median length of the encounter was 15 minutes, 6 seconds (IQR: 11:16 – 20:23 minutes). Thirty five of 41 encounters (85.4%), included some discussion of quality of life (58.5%), burden of treatment (51.2%), social support (2.4%), or hypoglycemia (9.8%). Sexual function was not discussed. On average, 4.5% (1.4%-5.5%) of the encounter time involved conversations about HbA1c whereas 15.0% (0%-25%) of the encounter was spent on some aspect of quality of life, burden of treatment, social support, or hypoglycemia. If a topic related to quality of life was raised, clinicians most often responded by acknowledging patient’s concern without providing a solution (45.8%). Conclusions: A significant part of the patient-clinician encounter involves discussion of quality of life and burden of treatment, but clinicians rarely address these issues by providing solutions.