bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of the work-family conflicts prevalence, its sociodemographic, family, and work attributes, and its relation to the self-reported health status in Japanese and Egyptian civil workers
Authors: Latif Omnyh Abd El , Eshak Ehab , Mahfouz Eman , Iso Hiroyasu , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Sameh Eman , Ghazawy Eman , Baba Sachiko , Emam Shimaa , El-khateeb Ayman , Hassan Ebtesam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Cross-cultural studies studying work-family conflicts (W_F_Cs) are scarce. We compared the prevalence of W_F_Cs, factors predicting it, and its association with self-rated health between Japan and Egypt.
Methods

Among 4862 Japanese and 3111 Egyptian civil workers who were recruited by a convenience sample in 2018/2019 and reported self-rated health status, we assessed the W_F_Cs by the Midlife Development in the US (MIDUS) and attributed it, by linear regression analyses, to sociodemographic, family, and work variables, and assessed its gender- and country-specific associations with self-rated health by logistic regression analyses.
Results

W_F_Cs were more prevalent in Egyptian than Japanese women (23.7% vs. 18.2%) and men (19.1% vs. 10.5%), while poor self-rated health was more prevalent in Japanese than Egyptians (19.3% and 17.3% vs. 16.9% and 5.5%). In both genders of countries, longer working hours, shift work, and overtime work predicted higher scores of the work-to-family conflict (WFC). In contrast, single status predicted lower scores of the family-to-work conflict (FWC). Living with children, fathers, or alone in Japan, while education in Egypt was associated with the conflicts. The OR (95% CI) for poor self-reported health among those with the strong, in reference to weak W_F_Cs, was 4.28 (2.91-6.30) and 6.01 (4.50-8.01) in Japanese women and men and was 2.46 (1.75-3.47) and 3.11 (1.67-5.80) in Egyptian women and men.
Conclusions

Japanese and Egyptian civil workers have different prevalence and correlated factors of W_F_Cs and self-rated health. W_F_Cs were associated in a dose-response pattern with poor-self-rated health civil workers of both countries.
Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Red Beetroot and Betanin on Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Saber Amir , Abedimanesh Nasim , Somi Mohammad-Hossein , Khosroushahi Ahmad Yari 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide. Fruit and vegetables have some active compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols that protect against malignancies through their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, neuro, and hepatoprotective properties. Red beetroot (Beta vulgaris) contains red (betacyanins) and yellow (betaxanthins) pigments known as betalains. Betanin makes up 75-95% of the total betacyanins, possessed a wide range of favorable biological effects such as chemopreventive, anticarcinogenic, anti-tumorogenic, antiangiogenic, and proapoptotic effects. Methods: Red beetroot hydro-alcoholic extract and betanin were used to treat Caco-2 and HT-29 colorectal cancer cells, as well as KDR/293 normal epithelial cells. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined by prescreening MTT tests in the range of 20 to 140 µg/ml at 24 and 48 h. The cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing evaluations were performed via MTT assay, DAPI staining, and FACS-flow cytometry tests using determined times and doses. Moreover, the expression level of six important genes involving in the apoptosis pathway (Bcl-2, BAD, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Fas-R) were determined using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.Results: The IC50 doses for HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines were determined to be about 92 μg/mL, 107 μg/mL for beetroot hydro-alcoholic extract, and 64 μg/mL, 90 μg/mL for betanin at 48 h, respectively. Our findings showed that beetroot extract and betanin significantly inhibit the growth of HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines, time and dose-dependently, without considerable adverse effects on KDR/293 normal cells. Moreover, DAPI staining and flow cytometry results revealed significant apoptosis symptoms in treated cancerous cell lines. The expression level of pro-apoptotic genes involved in intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways (BAD, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Fas-R) in treated HT-29 and Caco-2 cells was higher than untreated and normal cells, whereas the anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2) was downregulated. Conclusion: Beetroot hydro-alcoholic extract and betanin significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis (intrinsic and extrinsic pathways) via modification of effective genes in both colorectal cancer cell lines with no significant cytotoxic effects on KDR/293 normal cells. The mechanism of the anticancer effects of red beetroot extract and betanin needs to be further studied.
Methamphetamine Augments HIV-1 gp120 Inhibition of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity in Rat Hippocampal Slices: Implications for Methamphetamine Exacerbation of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.
Authors: Zheng Ya , Reiner Benjamin , Liu Jianuo , Xu Linda , Xiong Huangui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Methamphetamine (Meth) abuse and human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) infection are two major public health problems worldwide. Being frequently comorbid with HIV-1 infection, Meth abuse exacerbates neurocognitive impairment in HIV-1-infected individuals even in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy. While a large body of research have studied the individual effects of Meth and HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) in the brain, far less has focused on their synergistic influence. To uncover the underlying mechanisms for increased incidence and severity of HIV-1-associate neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in HIV-1-infected patients with Meth abuse, we investigated acute individual and combined effects of Meth and gp120 on synaptic transmission and plasticity in CA1 region of rat hippocampus, a brain region known to be vulnerable to HIV-1 infection. Methods: Experiments were conducted on the hippocampal slices prepared from 15-30 d-old male Spraque-Dawley rats. Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials were generated by electric stimulation of Schaffer collateral fibers and recorded in the CA1 region. Long-term potentiation (LTP) was induced by high frequency stimulation (HFS) or theta-burst stimulation (TBS). The individual and combined effects of acutely applied methamphetamine and HIV-1 gp120 synaptic physiology and underlying mechanisms were examined via electrophysiology, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. One-way and two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests were employed for statistical analyses. Results: Acute and localized application of Meth and gp120 each alone reduced short-term dynamics of input-output responses and frequency facilitation, and LTP induced by either HFS or TBS. A synergistic augmentation on activity-dependent synaptic plasticity was observed when Meth and gp120 were applied in combination. Paired-pulse facilitation results exhibited an altered facilitation ratio, suggesting a presynaptic site of action. Further studies revealed an involvement of microglia NLRP3 inflammasome activation in Meth augmentation of gp120-mediated attenuation of LTP. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated Meth augmented gp120 attenuation of LTP in the hippocampus via microglial inflammasome activation. Since LTP is the accepted experimental analog of learning at the synaptic level, such augmentation may underlie Meth exacerbation of HAND observed clinically.
Minocycline Alleviates Abnormal Phagocytosis of Synapses by Microglia in a Mouse Model of Depression
Authors: Han Qiu-Qin , Shen Shi-Yu , Chen Xiao-Rong , Pilot Adam , Liang Ling-Feng , Zhang Jia-Rui , Li Wen-Hui , Fu Yi , Le Jia-Mei , Chen Pei-Qing , Yu Jin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Depression is an affective disorder characterized by low mood and loss of interest. So far, the mechanism of antidepressants commonly used in clinical practice has proved problematic, thus it is urgent to gain an updated understanding of the pathogenesis of depression and find potential therapeutic targets. As both functional brain imaging studies and autopsy reports indicated that there is indeed a loss of synapses in depressed patients, it is necessary to explore the mechanism of this process.
Methods

We firstly investigated the effect of CSDS (a mouse model of depression) on behaviors, synapses, microglia, and phagocytosis of synapses by microglia in mice. Then, to confirm the role of microglia in depression, we used minocycline, a microglial activation inhibitor, to study its effect on behaviors and phagocytosis of synapses in stressed mice.
Results

Our results show that the expression levels of PSD-95 in the hippocampus of CSDS-induced depression mice are significantly reduced, while the microglia are significantly activated. We co-labeled the synaptic protein PSD-95 with the microglia marker Iba-1, and found that the microglia in the hippocampus of stressed mice contained significantly more PSD-95 engulfed puncta, which revealed that microglia in stressed mice abnormally phagocytized synapses. Moreover, our results indicated that minocycline treatment dampened microglial activation, reduced synaptic loss, alleviated behavioral impairment, and reduced abnormal phagocytosis of synapses by microglia in stressed mice.
Conclusions

Under depressive pathological conditions, the activated microglia may abnormally engulf neuronal synapses causing synaptic loss. Our findings are important for the discovery of novel drugs for the treatment of depression.
Synergic Role of Dexamethasone And Lianhua Qingwen Capsule Accelerate Nucleic Acid Negative Conversion In Severe COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Fang Xin , Zhu Meng’en , Zhang Kemeng , Wang Zhaohui , He Ping 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background:Corticosteroids were recommended by guidelines in severe or critical COVID -19 patients likely to have acute respiratory distress syndrome. In the treatment strategies of COVID -19 in China, corticosteroids were generally combined with some traditional Chinese medicine, especially Lianhua Qingwen Capsule (LHQW). We aimed to investigate the correlation between dexamethasone with or without LHQW and the nucleic acid negative conversion in severe patients with COVID-19.Methods:The clinical course and nucleic acid negative conversion time of 452 consecutive symptomatic COVID-19 patients admitted to the west campus of Union Hospital in Wuhan from January 31, 2020, to March 13, 2020, were evaluated retrospectively. Results:The duration of virus RNA from positive to negative in the participants was 28 days (interquartile range 21-34 days). Of the 452 patients, 105 (23.23%) subjects received dexamethasone, and 347 (76.77%) did not. Among patients receiving LHQW treatment, the nucleic acid negative conversion time in the dexamethasone group was shorter than that in the no dexamethasone group (𝛽, -4.77; 95% CI, -9.41, -0.12). Although among those who were receiving no LHQW treatment, the effect on shortening nucleic acid negative conversion time of dexamethasone was not observed (𝛽, 5.37; 95% CI,-4.88, 15.62; p interaction = 0.038). Additional multivariable propensity-score analyses yielded consistent results with the unmatched participants (β, -8.61; 95% CI, -16.73, -0.50).Conclusions：In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, the use of dexamethasone resulted in shortening nucleic acid negative conversion time among those who were receiving LHQW, suggesting that LHQW synergic with dexamethasone accelerated the SARS-CoV-2 clearance in severe patients. Trial registration：ECUH 2020-0212, a retrospective study.
Comparison between External Locking Plate Fixation and Conventional External Fixation for Extraarticular Proximal Tibial Fractures: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Blažević Dejan , Kodvanj Janoš , Adamović Petra , Vidović Dinko , Trobonjača Zlatko , Sabalić Srećko 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGood clinical outcomes for locking plates as an external fixator to treat tibial fractures have been reported. However, external locking plate fixation is still generally rarely performed. This study aimed to compare the stability of external locking plate fixator with that of conventional external fixator for extraarticular proximal tibial fractures, using finite element analysis. MethodsThree models were constructed: (1) external locking plating of proximal tibial fracture with lateral proximal tibial locking plate and 5-mm screws (ELP), (2) conventional external fixation of proximal tibial fracture with an 11-mm rod and 5-mm Schanz screws (EF-11), and (3) conventional external fixation of proximal tibial fracture with a 7-mm rod and 5-mm Schanz screws (EF-7). The stress distribution, displacement at the fracture gap, and stiffness of the three finite element models at 30-, 40-, 50-, and 60-mm plate–rod offset from the lateral surface of the lateral condyle of the tibia were determined. ResultsThe conventional external fixator showed higher stiffness than did the external locking plate fixator. In all models, the stiffness decreased as the distance of the plate–rod from the bone surface increased. The maximum stiffness was 121.06 N/mm in the EF-11 model with 30-mm tibia–rod offset. In the EF-7 model group, the maximum stiffness was 40.00 N/mm in the model with 30-mm tibia–rod offset. In the ELP model group, the maximum stiffness was 35.79 N/mm in the model with 30-mm tibia–plate offsetConclusionsExternal locking plate fixation is more flexible than conventional external fixation, which can influence secondary bone healing. External locking plate fixation requires the placement of the plate as close as possible to the skin, which allow low-profile design, because the increased distance of the plate from bone can be too flexible for bone healing.
Functional comparison of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate​ supplementation on growth, intestinal health, and the anti-inflammatory response of broilers
Authors: Liu Ling , Ling Huayun , Zhang Wei , Zhou Ying , Li Youguo , Peng Nan , Zhao Shumiao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Butyrate has been reported to promote proliferation of colonic epithelial cells and maintain intestinal barrier integrity in broilers. Although supplementation of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate have been shown to confer benefits on broilers, their effects and mechanisms have not been compared.Results: In this study, C. butyricum and sodium butyrate were added into the basal diet of broilers and their effects on growth performance, intestinal health, and anti-inflammatory response were analyzed. It was found that both C. butyricum and sodium butyrate showed good probiotic effects on broilers. Their effects on growth rate and expression of inflammation related genes were even superior to that of antibiotic. Besides, the two dietary supplements improved intestinal structure integrity and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, although the antibiotic had negative effects. Comparison of the two supplements revealed that sodium butyrate more effectively improved the growth and intestinal structure of broilers than C. butyricum. On the contrary, C. butyricum was superior to sodium butyrate in promoting tight junction protein expression, SCFAs production, and anti-inflammatory response.Conclusions: In summary, this study demonstrates the positive effects of C. butyricum and sodium butyrate on broilers, and will serve as a reference for selection of appropriate butyrate supplementation for broilers in the breeding industry.
Identification of Tumor Mutation Burden, Microsatellite Instability, and Somatic Copy Number Alteration derived 9-gene Signatures to Predict Clinical Outcomes in STAD
Authors: Chen Chuanzhi , Chen Yi , Jin Xin , Ding Yongfeng , Jiang Junjie , Wang Haohao , Yang Yan , Lin Wu , Chen Xiangliu , Huang Yingying , Teng Lisong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Genomic features including tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) and somatic copy number alteration (SCNA), had been demonstrated to be involved with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and outcome of gastric cancer (GC). Methods: We obtained profiles of TMB, MSI and SCNA by processing 405 GC data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), then conducted a comprehensive analysis though “iClusterPlus”. Another independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) contained specimens from 109 GC patients was designed as an external validation. Results: Two subgroups were generated, with distinguished prognosis, somatic mutation burden, copy number changes and immune landscape. We revealed that Cluster1 was marked by a better prognosis, accompanied by higher TMB, MSIsensor score, TMEscore, and lower SCNA burden. Based on these clusters, we screened 196 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were subsequently projected into univariate Cox survival analysis. Thus, we constructed a 9-gene immune risk score (IRS) model using lasso penalized logistic regression. Moreover, the prognostic prediction of IRS was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and nomogram plot.Conclusions: Our works suggested that the 9‐gene‐signature prediction model, which derived from TMB, MSI, SCNA was a promising predictive tool for clinical outcome in GC patients. This novel methodology may help clinicians uncover the underlying mechanisms and guide future treatment strategies.
Extraction and characterization of fungal chitosan and voriconazole loaded chitosan antifungal nanoformulations
Authors: Khawaja Faheem , Shah Zia Ullah , Nadeem Muhammad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study aimed at preparing chitosan nanoparticles (C.N.P.s) from fungal Chitosan for the purpose of producing nano-drug delivery systems for antifungal drugs. Chitosan was extracted from mycelia of Aspergillus niger using modified methods of George et al., (2011) and (Naghdi et al., 2014). For confirmation, the FTIR spectrum of the isolated Chitosan was compared with standard. A nanoformulation for Voriconazole antifungal drug was synthesized via ionic gelation method and characterized for their particle size, polydispersity index, surface charge, functional group composition using and Malvern Zeta Sizer ZS-90, P.C.S., FTIR, S.E.M. The prepared nanoformulation was also checked for its antifungal activity using Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus as an indicator organism. Voriconazole showed maximum growth with no mycelial growth while CNPS showed minimum growth of about 70 percent, and Voriconazole loaded CNPS showed inhibitory growth effects on the mycelial growth of A. niger and A. fumigatus. Our results indicated that Chitosan Nanoparticles have huge potential against fungal diseases caused by Aspergillus species.
Perception, Attitude, and Practice Toward Community Research Among Medical Students in Hadhramout University, Yemen
Authors: Bin-Ghouth Abdullah , Batarfi Suha Ali , Abonemi AbdulRahman Hashim , Maknoon Ahmed Sadeq , Alkhanbashi Ahmad Sa'ad , Khred Alwi Abobaker , Bawazer Amal Abdullah , Ba-Jaber Areej Abdullah , Resq Aymen Abdullah , Maknoon Isra'a Alwi , Badheeb Khadija Ahmed , Alkathiri Maha Salah , Ba-Rbaa Majedah Ahmed , Dhaiban Mustafa , Bagumaish Omar Ali , Basalasel Omar Saleh , Ba-rady Roua'a Abdullah , Algadry Souha , Bazanboor Tagwa Omar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Research is an important element in the improvement of the quality health services provided to the public. It is documented that, globally, medical students apply research in their school life. This study aimed to assess perception, attitude, and practice toward community research among medical Students at Hadhramout University.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among medical students in Hadhramout University in Al-Mukalla district, Yemen during the academic year 2016-2017. A self-administered pilot-tested questionnaire was used for data collection to assess perception, attitude, and practice toward the community research during the educational year 2016-2017.
Result
A total of 265 completed responses were received. The majority had a low Knowledge score (72%). However, the majority had a positive attitude toward research (90.9%). Eighty-three reported participations in research work. However, (44.4%) expressed research interest. Many barriers were highlighted by students including; lack of time (78.4%) and lack of training in statistics (75.9%).
Conclusion
the majority of students had a positive attitude toward research. However, the majority of them had low knowledge scores. Also, some barriers need to be evaluated to improve the involvement of students in research activities. Lack of time was seen to be the most significant barrier to pursuing research.
Pan-cancer Analysis Identifies LMNB1 as a Target to Redress Th1/Th2 Imbalance and Enhance PARP Inhibitor Response in Human Cancers
Authors: Qin Haixiang , Lu Yingqiang , Du Lin , Shi Jingyan , Yin Haoli , Jiang Bo , Chen Wei , Diao Wenli , Ding Meng , Cao Wenmin , Qiu Xuefeng , Zhao Xiaozhi , Guo Hongqian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that LMNB1 is involved in the development of multiple cancer types. However, there is no study reporting the potential role of LMNB1 in a systematic pan-cancer manner.Methods: The gene expression level and potential oncogenic roles of LMNB1 in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed with Tumor Immune Estimation Resource version 2 (TIMER2.0), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis version 2 (GEPIA2), UALCAN and Sangerbox tools. Pathway enrichment analysis was carried out to explore the possible mechanism of LMNB1 on tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The therapeutic effects of LMNB1 knockdown combined with PARP inhibition on human cancers were further investigated in vitro. Results: LMNB1 upregulation is generally observed in the tumor tissues of most TCGA cancer types, and is verified in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma using clinical specimens of our institute. High level of LMNB1 expression usually predicts poor overall survival and disease free survival for patients with tumors. Mechanically, LMNB1 level is positively correlated with CD4+ Th2 cell infiltration and DNA homologous recombination repair gene expression. In vitro experiments reveal that targeting LMNB1 has a synergistic effect on prostate cancer with PARP inhibitor treatment. Conclusions: LMNB1 is a biomarker of CD4+ Th2 cell infiltration and DNA homologous recombination repair in human cancers. Blockage of LMNB1 combined with PARP inhibitor treatment could be a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with cancers.