bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful neurosurgical separation of conjoined spinal cords in pygopagus twins: illustrative cases
Authors: Yokota Chisato , Kagawa Naoki , Bamba Yohei , Tazuke Yuko , Kitabatake Yasuji , Nakagawa Tomoyoshi , Hirayama Ryuichi , Okuyama Hiroomi , Kishima Haruhiko 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUNDConjoined twins represent a rare congenital malformation. Pygopagus twins are fused at the sacrum and perineum, with union of the spine. The authors report a successful separation of a unique case of pygopagus twins sharing a U-shaped spinal cord, which the authors identified through aberrant nerves by intraoperative physiological spinal root examination.OBSERVATIONSThe 6-month-old male pygopagus conjoined twins, who were diagnosed in the prenatal period, underwent separation. They had a single dural sac containing a U-shaped continuous spinal cord; their filum terminale appeared completely fused and the anatomical border of the spinal cord was not distinguishable. A triggered electromyogram (tEMG) was used on each nerve root to determine which belonged to one twin versus the other, to detect nerve cross, and to identify functional midline cleavage. Finally, the twins were separated after spinal division. Both twins recovered uneventfully with no lower limb neurological deficits or walking impairment for 16 months.LESSONSPygopagus twins with a conjoined spinal cord are very rare, but a good long-term functional prognosis can be expected with successful separation. Intraoperative tEMG is useful in spinal separation surgery for twins with a conjoined spinal cord.
Psychological and Linguistic Analysis of Concept «Unynie» as a Clue to the Framework of Suicides
Authors: Добросельский Александр 
Published: March 2021

Автор статьи ставит целью найти механизм суицида через анализ слова и понятия «уныние». В качестве методов используются этимологический анализ, анализ слова «уныние» на стыке богословия, психологии и лингвистики. Указанные методы позволяют понять, что «уныние» происходит от славянского слова «ныть (нытьё)», которое использовалось для описания неблагополучия телесного. С помощью приставки «у» было создано новое слово, имеющее тот же смысл неблагополучного состояния, но для духа человека, что подтверждается несколькими древними текстами. Общий для этих слов праиндоевропейский корень «nu» подразумевает бездеятельное, беспечное и бесперспективное предстояние перед исполненным нужды и мучений настоящим и отчаяние в будущем. Данный вывод весьма важен для изучения механизма суицидального поведения, дабы найти методы его разрушения, который могли бы взять на вооружение педагоги и психологи. Последнюю тему мы предложим читателю в следующей статье.
In the act of suicide there is an enforcement mechanism that matures in low spirits and is triggered by despair. The key issue is finding a method to destroy such a mechanism in order to help educators and psychologists. This article is an attempt to find the framework of suicide through an analysis of the word and concept of «уныние». The etymological study of the word «уныние» shows that it has an artificial origin and occurs for any functions only in the Slavonic Church and languages it influenced on. The word «уныние» is used to name a sinful situation. The study of the word «уныние» is at the intersection of theology, psychology and linguistics and makes it possible to understand that the word «уныние» came into existent simultaneously with the Church Slavonic. There was a word «ныть (нытьё)» in the Slavic languages. It is used to describe physical ill-being. The new word was created by adding prefix «у» to describe spiritual ill-being. Some ancient texts corroborate it. Common for these words etymological proto-indo-european root «nu» fills the word «уныние» with the meaning of inactive, careless and hopeless status before the miserable and bitter, present and desolation in the future. This conclusion is highly significant to follow in the next article, studying the framework of suicidal behavior.
PELATIHAN AKUNTANSI PADA PENGELOLAAN BANK SAMPAH “MENGUBAH SAMPAH MENJADI RUPIAH”
Authors: Rosharlianti Zulfa , Anisa Anisa , Setyawati Wiwit , Nurbaeti Nurbaeti , Akhsani Novi 
Published: March 2021

Community service with the title Accounting Training in Management of Garbage Banks "Turning Trash Into Rupiah" aims to assist the management of Waste Bank in managing the records of the Garbage Bank and help resolve the problems of bookkeeping of the waste bank as faced today, including reports on purchases to customers of the waste bank , reports on sales to collectors, reports on the results of sales of garbage banks, reports on revenue and expenditure of funds and makes simple financial statements of waste banks as a responsibility of the management of the waste bank to the community. PKM involves lecturers and resource persons Lecturers in the S1 Accounting Study Program from Pamulang University. The results of the implementation of the PKM conducted on November 6, 2019 were adding knowledge in the field of accounting, especially regarding the financial recording of the participants of the Babakan Waste Management Group of Babakan Village, South Tangerang. The response of the participants was very good and happy because it was very helpful in learning about financial records. Suggestions submitted were PKM activities in the future to be carried out continuously so that the participants would always get guidance in accounting records and provide financial reporting to the public related to the Waste Bank, so that the community was more enthusiastic in collecting waste because it could provide high economic value. Keywords: Accounting Training, Trash Bank
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activate 5-(Hydroxymethyl) Pyrrolidin-2-One at Room Temperature
Authors: Jeyachandran Veerappan 
Published: March 2021

<p>A new class of chiral pyrrolidinone was synthesized from (5S)-5-[(trityloxy)methyl] pyrrolidin-2-one (6) (Schemes 1 and 2). The synthetic design followed led to the insertion of various substituents at 1 and 5 of the pyrrolidinone moiety. Some of them possess two or three stereo centers, here configuration was retained under the mild condition. The new compounds also carry an imidazole moiety, which, along with the 2-pyrrolidinone template, may prove pivotal to several biological processes. The chiral pyrrolidinone (R) ring is incorporatedin various compounds with biological and pharmaceutical activities [1]. some of them are well known medicines, e.g., doxapram for patients with respiratory failure,piracetam for patients with Alzheimer’s seizures, and senile dementia, concussion and other neurological problems [2,3]. The properties and applications of pyroglutamic acid as a versatile building block in asymmetric synthesis has extensively been reviewed in the literature[4,5]. Some of them exhibited anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive activity [6,7]</p>
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Penjadwalan Catering Dan Resto Pada PT Mulia Group Menggunakan Netbeans
Authors: Setyawan Rendi , Anshary Nico Bustanul , Sumarni Ria Asep 
Published: March 2021

Abstrak— PT. Mulia Group adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang property. Sistem penjadwalan catering yang manual pada PT. Mulia Group menyulitkan para staf dalam mencari informasi yang dibutuhkan dalam waktu yang cepat dan akurat. Adanya resiko kesalahan dan keterlambatan informasi dalam proses penginputan dan penugasan catering. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan sebuah sistem penjadwalan catering yang efisien dan dapat di akses secara mudah oleh user lalu, untuk mengganti sistem lama yang berada di PT. Mulia Group menjadi sistem baru yang sudah terkomputerisasi dengan baik dan untuk mempermudah staf HRD dalam mengelola data penjadwalan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan grounded research. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu mendapatkan sebuah sistem penjadwalan catering yang efisien dan dapat di akses secara mudah oleh user, dengan aplikasi ini juga diharapkan staf HRD dapat dengan mudah mengelola data penjadwan catering. Kata Kunci: Sistem, Penjadwalan, Aplikasi, Katering.
Impact of common tobacco products on human health and environmental pollution in Bangladesh
Authors: Mondol MA , Hosain AMM , Sultana S , Marzia S , Islam MA , Mahmud HMM , Biswash P 
Published: March 2021

Worldwide, tobacco is one of the leading causes of disability and death. Over a million of pounds of toxic chemicals are released by tobacco products. This study aims to explore the effects of tobacco toxicants on human health and environmental pollution. Four districts (Dhaka, Kushtia, Chattogram and Rangpur) were selected where most of the tobacco product grown. Total 468 respondents were interviewed face-to-face using structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge about toxicant content in tobacco and health and environmental hazards of tobacco use. Survey results revealed that about 44.4% respondents used smoking tobacco products and 38.5% used smokeless tobacco, while only 17.1% used both. About two third (74.3%) of smoking tobacco users started smoking when they were between 15 to 24 years old and majority (61.6%) of smokeless tobacco users started tobacco when they were between 30 to 35 years above. Tobacco product has large impacts on health of young smokers. Smokers are suffering from various acute and chronic diseases. Among the respondents, 38% indicated that they were suffering from hypertension. The second most affected disease was COPD/Asthma (31.6%), while cancer was the least suffering disease (0.4%). Majority of the respondents were not aware about the presence of toxicants (i.e. nicotine, tar and metals) in tobacco products. However, 85.1% tobacco users had an idea about environmental pollution. There is a lack of knowledge among the survey respondents about toxicants in tobacco products that are linked to health hazards and environmental pollution. These results are important in strengthening existing policy considering adverse health effects of toxicants examined.
Progressive Agriculture 31 (3): 130-143, 2020
Аналіз досвіду організації об’єднаної (міжвідомчої) підготовки у провідних країнах світу
Authors: Havaliukh Oleh , Kharabara Volodymyr 
Published: March 2021

Застосування військових частин та підрозділів Збройних Сил України спільно з військовими формуваннями інших відомств в антитерористичній операції та в операції об’єднаних сил на сході держави вказало на ряд недоліків підготовки складових сектору безпеки й оборони. Підготовки повинна забезпечувати набуття спроможностей як самостійно виконувати завдання за призначенням так і спільно в складі об’єднаних угруповань та тактичних груп.
Необхідність впровадження нових підходів до підготовки сил безпеки й оборони, потребують удосконалення організації об’єднаної підготовки. На основі аналізу організації об’єднаної (міжвідомчої) підготовки, визначити принципові напрями для підвищення ефективності підготовки підрозділів сектору безпеки й оборони держави.
Стаття висвітлює результати аналізу організації об’єднаної (міжвідомчої) підготовки в провідних країнах світу і має на меті оприлюднити необхідні напрямків розвитку підготовки складових сектору безпеки й оборони. Дозволить виділити головні напрямки, що в подальшому надасть можливість формувати необхідні рекомендацій з метою покращення функціонування системи підготовки складових сил оборони.
Центральна, Східна Європа та Південний Кавказ у геополітичних концепціях президента Леха Качинського 2005-2010
Authors: Tomaszewski Patrick 
Published: March 2021

Роздуми Леха Качинського на геополітичні теми стосувались переважно питань, пов'язаних з історичним розташуванням Польщі, особливо місцем Польщі та поляків на територіях Польщі до поділу. У його роздумах про зовнішню політику можна помітити посилання, які стосуються географічного положення Польщі в районі Балтійського моря та Чорноморської полоси, також зі стратегічної точки зору, далекосяжної, насамперед, стосовно енергетичних ресурсів Польщі. Беручи до уваги геополітику, географічне положення також розглядалося в контексті можливостей та загроз для ведення зовнішньоекономічної політики. За такого підходу можна побачити конкретні рішення, які пропагував президент Качинський, особливо стосовно міжнародної діяльності Польщі на пострадянському просторі. Особливо в контексті України (у довгостроковій перспективі також Республіки Молдова та Республіки Білорусь) та країн Балтії, з особливим акцентом на співпраці з Литовською Республікою, а також співпраці на Південному Кавказі з Республікою Азербайджан, Республіка Вірменія і, перш за все, Грузія.
В статті автор представляє як геополітичну концепцію президента Леха Качинського, так і практичні елементи її реалізації.
PERANCANGAN DESAIN TRADITIONAL SIGN SYSTEM DI AIR TERJUN TIU PITUQ KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA
Authors: Putra Sandi Justitia , Iman Jazadil 
Published: March 2021

AbstrakKabupaten Lombok Utara adalah salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat yang dikenal dengan keindahan destinasi wisatanya. Salah satunya adalah wisata air terjun Tiu Pituq yang resmi dibuka pada tahun 2017. Lokasi wisata ini merupakan ekowisata yang mengutamakan aspek lingkungan dan keindahan alam. Sebagai salah satu obyek wisata yang memiliki luas ± 2 hektar tentunya wisata air terjun Tiu Pituq memerlukan sign system yang informatif dan komunikatif untuk para wisatawan yang berkunjung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menciptakan desain sign system yang dapat menyampaikan informasi secara tepat dan memiliki ciri khas tradisional serta memiliki daya tarik tinggi sehingga para wisatawan yang mengunjungi dapat menemukan dan menikmati semua fasilitas atau spot-spot yang ada di air terjun Tiu Pituq. Guna mendukung peneliti dalam proses perancangan sign system di lokasi tersebut maka penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara, survei lapangan serta dokumentasi dari lokasi air terjun Tiu Pituq. Adapun hasil dalam Penelitian ini adalah karya desain sign system dengan penerapan konsep tradisional sign system, dengan suasana yang tetap menyatu dengan alam, dimana hal tersebut dapat membuat para pengunjung merasakan atau menikmati suasana alam sekaligus dapat mengetahui cerita rakyat yang terjadi di lokasi wisata tersebut. Kata Kunci: desain, ekowisata, traditional, sign system, tiu pituq AbstractNorth Lombok Regency is one of the regencies in West Nusa Tenggara Province. It is known for the beauty of its tourist destinations. One of them is the Tiu Pituq waterfall tour, which officially opened in 2017. This tourist location is ecotourism that prioritizes environmental aspects and natural beauty. As one of the tourism objects that have an area of ± 2 hectares, of course, the Tiu Pituq waterfall tour requires an informative and communicative sign system for tourists who visit. The purpose of this research is to create a sign system design that can convey information accurately and has traditional characteristics and other than has a high attractiveness so that tourists who visit can find and enjoy all the facilities or spots in the Tiu Pituq waterfall. To support researchers in the process of designing sign systems at these locations, this study uses qualitative research methods by conducting interviews, field surveys, and documentation of the Tiu Pituq waterfall. The results of this study are the Sign System design work with the application of the concept of the traditional sign system, an atmosphere that still united with nature, where it can make visitors feel or enjoy the natural atmosphere while being able to know the folklore that occurs at the tourist site. Keywords: design, ecotourism, tiu pituq, traditional, sign system
Development of Prediction Models for New Integrated Models and a Bioscore System to Identify Bacterial Infections in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Zhai Xvwen , Feng Min , Guo Hui , Liang Zhaojun , Wang Yanlin , Qin Yan , Wu Yanyao , Zhao Xiangcong , Gao Chong , Luo Jing 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesDistinguishing flares from bacterial infections in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients remains a challenge. This study aimed to build a model, using multiple blood cells and plasma indicators, to improve the identification of bacterial infections in SLE.DesignBuilding PLS-DA/OPLS-DA models and a bioscore system to distinguish bacterial infections from lupus flares in SLE.SettingDepartment of Rheumatology of the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University.ParticipantsSLE patients with flares (n = 142) or bacterial infections (n = 106) were recruited in this retrospective study.OutcomeThe peripheral blood of these patients was collected by the experimenter to measure the levels of routine examination indicators, immune cells, and cytokines. PLS-DA/OPLS-DA models and a bioscore system were established.ResultsBoth PLS-DA (R2Y = 0.953, Q2 = 0.931) and OPLS-DA (R2Y = 0.953, Q2 = 0.942) models could clearly identify bacterial infections in SLE. The white blood cell (WBC), neutrophile granulocyte (NEUT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels were significantly higher in bacteria-infected patients, while regulatory T (Treg) cells obviously decreased. A multivariate analysis using the above 10 dichotomized indicators, based on the cut-off value of their respective ROC curve, was established to screen out the independent predictors and calculate their weights to build a bioscore system, which exhibited a strong diagnosis ability (AUC = 0.842, 95% CI 0.794–0.891). The bioscore system showed that 0 and 100% of SLE patients with scores of 0 and 8–10, respectively, were infected with bacteria. The higher the score, the greater the likelihood of bacterial infections in SLE.ConclusionsThe PLS-DA/OPLS-DA models, including the above biomarkers, showed a strong predictive ability for bacterial infections in SLE. Combining WBC, NEUT, CRP, PCT, IL-6, and IFN-γ in a bioscore system may result in faster prediction of bacterial infections in SLE and may guide toward a more appropriate, timely treatment for SLE.
A Low Albumin-to-Globulin Ratio Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Patients With Metastatic Non-small-cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Lu Ping , Ma Yifei , Wei Shaozhong , Liang Xinjun 
Published: March 2021

Objective: The serum albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) may be a useful prognostic factor for various cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the AGR in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with stage IV NSCLC diagnosed in Hubei Cancer Hospital from July 2012 to December 2013. The formula for calculating the AGR was serum albumin/total protein-serum albumin. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the classified variables. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the overall survival (OS) rate, which was plotted with the R language. The impact of the AGR on OS and progression-free survival (PFS) was analyzed by a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.Results: A total of 308 patients were included in the study population. The optimal cutoff values for the AGR in terms of OS and PFS were 1.12 and 1.09, respectively, as determined by X-Tile software. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that the difference in survival rate between patients with different AGR levels was statistically significant (p = 0.04). The OS of patients with a high AGR (≥1.12) was longer than that of patients with a low AGR (&lt;1.12). PFS in the high AGR group were better than those in the low AGR group (16.90 vs. 32.07months, p = 0.008). The univariate and multivariate models proved that the AGR was an independent prognostic factor in metastatic NSCLC patients in terms of both OS (p = 0.009, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.55, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.35–0.86) and PFS (p = 0.004, HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.37–0.83).Conclusion: The AGR, which is measured in routine clinical practice, is an independent prognostic factor in terms of OS and PFS in metastatic NSCLC and can serve as a prognostic tool for metastatic NSCLC.
Improving Ablation Safety for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proximal to the Hilar Bile Ducts by Ultrasound-MR Fusion Imaging: A Preliminary Comparative Study
Authors: You Yujia , Long Yinglin , Yan Ronghua , Luo Liping , Zhang Man , Li Lu , Zeng Qingjing , Li Kai , Zheng Rongqin , Xu Erjiao 
Published: March 2021

AimTo explore whether ablation safety could be improved by ultrasound (US)-magnetic resonance (MR) fusion imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proximal to the hilar bile ducts (HBDs) through a preliminary comparative study.MethodsBetween January 2014 and June 2019, 18 HCC nodules proximal to the HBDs were included in a US-MR fusion imaging-assisted radiofrequency ablation (RFA) group (study group), while 13 HCC nodules in a similar location were included as a control group. For the study group, the tumor and adjacent bile ducts were outlined on preprocedural MR images. Procedural ablation planning was conducted to assess the feasibility of ablating the tumors while avoiding biliary injury. Such tumors were then ablated under US-MR fusion imaging guidance. The control group nodules were ablated under conventional ultrasound guidance. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared between the groups.ResultsAfter preprocedural assessment, 14 of 18 patients with tumors that were feasible to ablate underwent US-MR fusion imaging-assisted RFA. No biliary complications were observed in these 14 patients; the complication rate was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (30.8%, 4/13) (P = 0.041). There was no significant difference in the technique efficacy rates [92.9% (13/14) versus 100% (13/13), P = 1] or local progression rates [7.1% (1/14) versus 7.7% (1/13), P = 1] between the study and control groups.ConclusionsUS-MR fusion imaging may be a non-invasive means for assisting RFA of HCC nodules proximal to the HBDs and ensuring ablation safety.
DETAIL ENGINERING DESIGN GEDUNG NAHDLATUL ULAMA RANTING BRINGIN BATEAIT JEPARA
Authors: Saputro Yayan Adi 
Published: March 2021

Perumusan Detail engineering design pada pembangunan gedung nahdlatul ulama Ranting Bringin Kecamatan Batealit Kabupaten Jepara merupakan kebutuhan yang mutlak harus dipenuhi. Adapun tim pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah dosen dan mahasiswa program studi Teknik Sipil Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara. Proses yang ditempuh dalam kegiatan ini adalah : survey, perumusan desain, gambar kerja, gambar 3D, dan rencana anggaran biaya, hal ini disebut Detail engineering design (DED). Pentingnya dilakukan perumusan ini adalah sebagai pedoman dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan konstruksi yang berkelanjutan. Beberapa pembangunan yang tampa memperhatikan dan merumuskan Detail engineering design ini sering menuai masalah baik itu tata letak, arsitektural, dan struktural. Hasil yang diperoleh yakni gambar kerja dengan luasan bangunan utama 25 m x 12 m yang terpisah dari bangunan GOR. Adapun biaya yang telah diestimasi yakni senilai Rp. 1.224.499.000. Desain yang diusung adalah desain yang merepresentasikan budaya jawa yakni pewayangan.