bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria of maize
Authors: Kesaulya H , Talahaturuson A , Kalay A M , Matatula E , Lawalatta I J , Hehanussa M L , Nendissa S J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Isolation and characterization of rhizobacteria are an effort to determine the ability of root colony bacteria to produce various compounds that can be used for various purposes of bio-fertilizer formulations and microbial-based industrial interests. This study aims to characterize biochemically, morphologically and physiologically as well as the ability of root bacteria in maize to produce hormones that can stimulate plant growth. There is a wide variety of isolates morphologically and biochemically, besides that there is the ability of bacterial isolates to physiologically dissolve phosphate, fix nitrogen, produce ACC-deaminase, IAA and GA enzymes.
Potential of Bacillus spp as a biocontrol agent against Ralstonia bacterial wilt in bananas
Authors: Hasinu J V , Tuhumury G N C , Kesaulya Henry 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Bacterial wilt disease in banana plants caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is an important disease that can reduce banana production. Until now there is no effective method to control this disease. The use of biocontrol agents such as Bacillus spp is an alternative method of controlling R. solanacearum in bananas. The aim of this study was to determine the activity of Bacillus spp against banana wilt disease caused by R. solanacearum. In vitro testing was carried out in the Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University. The study used Bacillus subtilis strain SW116b and Bacillus subtilis strain HPC2-1 isolates. The results showed that the SW116b stain Bacillus subtilis has the highest activity against R. solanocearum, which is 10.5mm, so it has the potential as a biological control agent in suppressing the development of ralstonia wilt disease in bananas.
Accelerated adoption of sugar palm farming technology to supports sustainable resource utilization in North Sulawesi
Authors: Rawung J B M , Kindangen J G , Indrasti R , Gaffar A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics and opportunities of accelerating the adoption of palm sugar farming technology in sustainable resource use in North Sulawesi Province on July to November 2016. The data used are secondary data and primary data derived from respondents as many as 120 palm-based farming households in the central district of palm plantations in Tareran, Tomohon, and Motoling, Analysis used cross tabulation for farmer characteristics and binary logistic regression approach for accelerated adoption opportunities. The results showed that the farmers cultivated sugar palm plants with an intercropping farming system with a variety of plantation and forestry food crops. Good knowledge of palm plant cultivation system (64.84%) in cultivating sugar palm with a good understanding of the sustainability of palm plant-based farming. Opportunities for accelerating the appreciation and adoption of farmers to sugar palm-based farming technology can be realized in the form of participatory technology assistance on all technology components, both basic and optional technology, by expanding the business scale, increasing various processed products, bringing the location of farming closer to residential and information sources technology. To increase the production of aren and their derivative products and to maintain the continuity and preservation of the environment, it is necessary to cultivate and expand the palm area in harmony with regional spatial planning for conservation and sustainable management.
Characterization of pectin from tongka langit banana peels with various extraction temperature
Authors: Picauly P , Tetelepta G 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBanana peel waste can be used in the food industry as a source of pectin. Pectin can be obtained from the extraction process tongka langit banana peel. This research's objective was to characterize pectin's properties extracted from banana tongka langit peel with different extraction temperatures. A completely randomized experimental design with 3 level treatment extraction temperature of banana tongka langit peel, i.e., 80°, 85°, and 90°C, with three replicates was applied in this research. The properties evaluated, including equivalent weight, methoxyl content, galacturonate acid, esterification degree, yield, moisture content, and ash content. Result showed that equivalent weight (3104,3 mg, 1084,0 mg, and 699,8 mg), methoxyl content (3,25%, 3,87%, and 5,44%), galacturonate acid (24,56%, 38,06%, and 56,08%), esterification degree (76,02%, 57,45%, and 55,05%), moisture content (11,39%, 10,79%, and 9,85%), ash (4,42%, 5,11%, and 6,47%)), and yield (8,37%, 8,80%, and 9,20%).
The impact of el niño southern oscillation and covid-19 on the rice price dynamics in Indonesia: the vector error correction model approach
Authors: Hasudungan P , Irham I , Utami A W 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHalf of the world's population makes rice a crop of focus because it has many opportunities in the future. However, there are disruptors for rice development in 2020, which are climate variability and COVID-19 Pandemics. El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate variability that can threaten the rice price dynamics. Besides that, COVID-19 also has implications for rice price dynamics. The objectives of this paper are: (1) to empirically study the impact of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation on rice price dynamics and (2) to analyze the effect of COVID-19 pandemics on rice price in Indonesia. The study utilized the vector error correction model (VECM) estimation method and the variables used were sea surface temperature (SST), COVID-19 daily cases, rice price, rice production, and rice price regulation. The result is that El Nino has a positive effect on rice prices, which can increase the price level. The opposite is true also for a La Nina shock. COVID-19 also has a positive impact on the daily cost of rice. The results of this study ought to be of interest to rice producers in Indonesia, as well as processors and intermediaries in the rice markets.
Carrying capacity and environmental capacity of water resources analysis in Maluku Province of Indonesia
Authors: Kunu P J , Talakua S , Pesulima Y , Uyara L , Laimeheriwa S , Osok R M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Carrying capacity and environmental capacity of water resources is the ability of the water to support human life, other living creatures, and the balance between the two as well as the ability of the environment to absorb substances, energy and other components that enter or are incorporated into it. The purpose of this research is to analyze the level of carrying capacity and environmental capacity of water resources in several regencies in Maluku Province, Indonesia. The results showed that some water resources were already in a low environmenttal capacity due to limited availability, especially deep groundwater in Wamar Island, Aru Archipelago Regency and the environmental capacity of water resources had exceeded the quality standards set in Indonesia, especially fresh water in Southeast Maluku Regency and Ambon City. Meanwhile, the environmental capacity of fresh water that has exceeded the quality standard is due to the presence of e-colly bacteria. This condition shows the importance of water conservation through regulating human behavior that is not environmentally friendly, building rainwater control and runoff control infrastructure as well as law enforcement efforts related to watershed maintenance and the behavior of communities around water resources.
Effect of dietary palm kernel meal on laying hens
Authors: Prasetya R D D , Rahmadani M , Nahrowi  , Jayanegara A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Indonesia has the potential for palm kernel meal, which has the largest production in the world. Palm kernel meal has been commonly used as an ingredient in ruminant and poultry feeds. However, the various studies conducted have produced very varied results. This article aimed to analyze various research data on the use of palm kernel meal in the chicken feed. The data used were 38 data points from 10 journal articles. The use of palm kernel meal ranged from 0% to 70% in rations. The statistical model used is linear regression. The database was analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Results showed that the use of palm kernel meal in laying hens reduced (P<0.01) egg production. Palm kernel meal also increased FCR (P<0.05) and tended to decrease Haugh Unit (P<0.1). Other parameters such as consumption, egg weight, mortality, egg shell thickness, and yolk color were not influenced by dietary inclusion of palm kernel meal. In conclusion, palm kernel meal cannot be given to poultry directly, it is necessary to process the ingredient to enhance its nutritive value.
Adaptation test of five introduced cherry tomato lines in Lembang highland
Authors: Gaswanto Redy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Tomato has some types according to fruit size and shape, one of them is cherry tomato. The purpose of this research was to select and evaluate five introduced cherry tomato lines in Lembang highland that have good potential to be developed as a new variety refer to result of the adaptation and consumer preferences test. The research material consisted of introduced lines IJR 151, IJR 154, IJR 1150, IJR 1158, IJR 2170 and one local variety as a check genotype. The adaptation and preference consumer test conducted at Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute, Lembang (1,250 m sal) from March until August 2017. The research used a Ramdomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Research result showed that all cherry tomato lines could adapt well in Lembang. IJR 151 and IJR 154 lines could be developed as a new variety refer to consumer’s preference test on fruit shape and taste parameter, eventhought IJR 1158 and IJR 2170 lines had higher fruit weight. Furhermore IJR 154, IJR 1150, IJR 1158 lines could be reccomended to provide and overcome sufficiency vitamine A and C due to their high beta carotene content (> 100 microgram mg−1).
Meat price volatility as implications for food security in Indonesia
Authors: Destiarni R P , Jamil A S , Septya F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Indonesian meat consumption has 40 percent deficit which was covered by importing. Meat price in international market tend to fluctuate. The gap between domestic demand and supply meat also the imported price fluctuation causes instability of domestic price. This research is conducted to analyze the volatility of meat price which implicated to food security in Indonesia. ARCH-GARCH model is used to estimate meat price volatility in Indonesia. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller and cointegration test have been used for testing the presence of unit root and cointegration in the series. Langrange multiplier has been utilized to detect the presence of autoregressive conditional effect. Daily meat prices used are national average price which obtained from the Indonesia Ministry of Trade. This study reveals that meat price in Indonesia has high volatility with increasing price over the research period. The empirical model also shows asymetry effect. The results recommend that Indonesia should apply comprehensive managed import such as not only import on fresh meat and ready to cut bovine but also on breeding bovine. By the fulfilling production and stock, meat price can be more stable. By the price stabilization, food security concept will be reached so that every layer society can consume meat.
Income adaptation of farmers as long covid-19 pandemy on sustainable ub forest management: a case from Indonesia
Authors: Kustanti A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study has analysed farmers' income on their adaptation as long Covid-19 pandemic in University of Brawijaya (UB) Forest. UB Forest got a management right of State Forest Management (Ministry of Forestry and Live Environment/MLEF Indonesia). Preliminary, this forest was managed by State Company Forest, namely Perum Perhutani. But, in 2015 it was transferred to the University by MLEF Indonesia for Education and Training Centre. The agricultural plantation has conducted by 824 farmers who were involved in UB Forest management. There are 16 fields of farmers' land use in 514 ha area. After the forest transfer to the UB Forest, there was no clear how farmers right adjusted the vision and mission of UB. This research wants to analyse how the income adaption farmer as long Covid 19, right and obligation as a shape of participation, and UB Forest management with qualitative approach. Selected respondents were in-depth interviewed. The analysis method used Institutional Analysis Design/IAD (Ostrom, 1999) and Bundles of Right (Ostrom, 1990). Farmers adaptation as long Covid-19 on forest management at UB Forest based on bundles of rights as a Claimant. It means that farmers had two right as below: 1)access and withdrawal right (enter the land, cultivate agriculture land, land conservation, harvest the agricultural yield, watch the forest fire along with UB Forest Team, implementation innovation of UB civitas academic, maintain the tree in UB Forest area, including in education and research of UB) and 2)management right on an agricultural plantation under the tree (a decision the species of agricultural plant, manage the plant, and arrange the cycle of the plantation itself). The income of farmers as long as Covid-19 was declined 39 % from the normal condition.
Contribution of agrosilvopastoral pattern to sustainable communities economic improvement (study in Namaa Hamlet, Pelauw Village, Haruku Island Sub-District, Central Maluku Regency)
Authors: Sahureka M , Hadijah M , Marasabessy H 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe agrosilvopastoral management pattern can provide multiple benefits to integrating the agriculture sector with the interrelated forestry and livestock sectors. This research in Namaa sub-village, Pelauw Village. The research aimed to : 1) Knowing the respondent's characteristics in agrosilvopastoral management, and 2) The contribution of the agrosilvopastoral pattern to improve community's economy. This research was conducted by using the purposive sampling method, with a representation of the 20 households of farmers. Primary and secondary data were taken by observation and interviews related to respondents' income and the agrosilvopastoral pattern. The data obtained were analyzed with a quantitative approach and qualitative descriptions. The results showed that the respondents' characteristics were the factors that influenced the management of agrosilvopastoral, namely the level of education, age level, number of family members, land area, and land ownership status, while the contribution of an agrosilvopastoral for respondents was 274,882,000 / year.
Physiological characters of four lowland chilli varieties (Capsicum annum L.) with root cutting
Authors: Kusumaningrum S , Sulistyaningsih E , Harimurti R , Dewi K 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe root system plays some vital roles in overall plant development, promoting plant anchorage, absorption of nutrients and water, and hormone production. Cutting is an attempt to root regeneration and enhance the plant's metabolism capability, including canopies and roots for high yielding. Non-hybrid chilli can be used as a model plant because Indonesia's chilli yield has not been maximal yet. This research was aimed to determine the physiological characters of four lowland chilli varieties with root cutting. This study was designed using a randomized, complete block design (RCBD) with two factors: root cutting and varieties. The root cutting factor consisted of 4 levels: root cutting in seeding, root cutting in ridging, root cutting in seedling and ridging, and non-cutting. The varieties factor consisted of 4 levels, namely Lembang, Kencana, Tanjung, dan Ungu. The results showed that root cutting in ridging for Kencana, Lembang, and Ungu increased stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, CO2intercellular, chlorophyll accumulation, photosynthesis rate, and improved fruit yield per plant. However, Tanjung did not respond to root cutting treatment because it did not improve plant physiology characters and fruit yield than non-cutting treatment. It is concluded that root cutting in ridging can be improved plant physiology, which contributes to increasing yield on Kencana, Lembang, and Ungu.
Development of home-based ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF-HB) to overcome nutrition-related problems among children under five during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Sastrawan S , Menap M , Sulaiman L , Hendrayani H 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe most direct causes of malnutrition are food consumption and infection. Yet the prolonged Covid-19 pandemic has limited low-income families’ ability to fulfil the need for nutrition consumption, particularly for children under five. Responding to this situation, we sought to develop home-based ready-to-use supplementary foods (RUSF-HB) from local ingredients that are energy-protein-dense, affordable, simple and easy to produce at home. We created three milk-free formulas (MFFs) and six standard formulas (STFs). Three cheap and abundant local foods: soybeans, cowpeas, and mung beans were combined with rice flour, refined sugar, and coconut oil. A cross-over study design was used to assess food organoleptic, which showed that the products were comparable in several sensory aspects except for the odour and the taste. Soybeans-based formulas contain slightly more energy and protein compared to mung beans or cowpeas-based ones. However, the mung beans-based formulas were more favourable to caregivers and children, particularly their taste and smell. The products contain slightly less energy than the recommended ones but high enough to supply macronutrient for those in need on a regular basis. The caregivers considered the total price for the products was affordable, and the formula was easy to follow.
Study of changes in carbon stock in primary and secondary forest in protection forest of Soya Village, Ambon City
Authors: Siahaya L , Pelupessy L , Komul Y D , Sahupala A , Siahaya T E , Seipala B B 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine changes in litter biomass and the effect of changes in litter biomass on carbon stock changes in Permanent Sample Plots of primary and secondary forest in the Protection Forest of Soya Village, Ambon City, for three years of measurement. This study used a sampling method with harvesting/collection and using laboratory analysis, where the working procedure used the SNI: 7724 guidelines. The data taken includes the water content of litter, total wet weight, dry weight of the sample, and wet weight of the sample to calculate the range of biomass or organic matter and carbon content of litter organic matter. The results showed that the average value of water content in both primary and secondary forests decreased. The depletion degree was higher in the first year than the second and third year. The biomass content of litter in primary forests decreased from year to year for three years of measurement. It causes a decrease in the carbon content in the primary forest. In contrast, the biomass content in secondary forests increased from year to year and increased carbon content from year to year for three years of measurement.
Institutional Characteristics of Supporting Potato Farming in South Sulawesi
Authors: Indrasti R , Rawung J B M , Sudolar N R , Handoko S , Nurjanani  
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Potatoes are one of the commodities that have been prioritized for development which considered as a source of carbohydrates, highly nutritious and have the potential for food diversification. In this case the institutional activities of potato farmers may contribute to support their agribusiness aspects. The purpose of the study was to analyze the feasibility of potato farming as well as to characterize the farmer institutions. Data collection was carried out through FGD (Focus Group Discussion) with 25 respondents of potato farmer group members and secondary data as supporting data. The survey was conducted in 2017 in South Sulawesi Province. Data were analyzed descriptively and R/C ratio was measured to determine the potato farming feasibility. The results showed that potato farming was feasible economically. The farmers were mostly active in supporting institutional activities, including group meeting activities, paying fees and extension activities.
Corn farming analysis in Babar Island, District of Babar Islands, Southwest Maluku Regency
Authors: Thenu S F W 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Babar Island is corn production center in District of Babar Islands. Maize is the dominant food commodities and a major food source for the community. Corn is the dominant crop commodity in Barbar Island and become staple food for the community. The farming are traditional and subsystems to meet farmers household needs and the excess (if any) will be sold but in very limited quantities. However the sales purpose is not commercial but just to meet the households needs that can not be substituted by other goods and only by few farmers if necessary. The farming is carried out on slash and burn dry land by polyculture cropping pattern that is combination of annual and perrenial crops. This study aimed to examine the feasibility and profitability of corn farming in Barbar island, using survey methods with stratified random sampling technique. The results showed that the cost of corn production in Barbar Island, district of Barbar Islands, South West Maluku Regency is consisted of fixed cost and variable cost. The fixed cost components is including : equipment depreciation costs and land rent costs. The variable costs includes : inputs costs (seeds, fertilizers, chemical) and labor costs. Variable costs is the largest cost component for corn farming. Corn farming is profitable and viable, as indicated by the average income Rp.2.647.396 compared to the average cost incurred by farmers Rp.2.520.934 and BC ratio of 1.05. This means that the production costs of Rp.2.520.934 will generate benefit 1.05 times of the cost.
Characterization of bioplastics produced by haloarchaeon Haloarcula sp strain NRS20 using cost-effective carbon sources
Authors: Hagagy Nashwa , Saddiq Amna A N , Tag Hend M , Abdelgawad Hamada , Selim Samy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As good models for developing techniques, Haloarchaea are using as cell factories to produce a considerable concentration of bioplastics, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV). In this study, low-cost carbon sources by Sudan Black staining was applied for screening haloarchaea a hypersaline environment (southern coast of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). The growth of the selected isolate and PHB-production under different carbon sources, temperature, pH values and NaCl concentrations were investigated. The biopolymer was extracted and quantitatively measured. The biopolymer was qualitatively identified by Fourier-transform infra-red analysis (FTIR) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The potential Haloarcula sp strain NRS20 (MZ520352) could significantly accumulate PHB under nutrient-limiting conditions using different carbon sources including starch, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), sucrose, glucose and glycerol with 23.83%, 14%, 11%, 12% and 8% of PHB/CDW respectively under 25% NaCl (w/v), pH 7, at 37 °C. The results of FTIR pattern indicated that the significant peak at 1709.22 cm−1 confirmed the presence of the ester carbonyl-group (C=O) which is typical of PHB. HPLC analysis indicated that produced PHB was detected at 7.5 min with intensity exceeding the standard PHB at 8.0 min. Few potential species of haloarchaea were reported for economical PHB-production, here, Haloarcula sp strain NRS20 showed high content of PHB, exhibited a promising PHB-producer using inexpensive sources of carbon.