bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The eradication of Asian longhorned beetle at Paddock Wood, UK
Authors: Eyre Dominic , Barbrook Jane 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn March 2012, an outbreak of Anoplophora glabripennis was detected at Paddock Wood, Kent, UK. The epicentre of the outbreak was adjacent to a site that a company had used for storing imported stone in wood packaging. An eradication campaign was initiated involving the agencies responsible for plant health and forestry in England and Wales. The area was initially surveyed by visual inspection of standing trees from the ground and 24 infested trees were detected. This method was more effective for detecting trees with A. glabripennis exit holes than trees at an early stage of infestation. A further 42 infested trees were detected when the infested trees and host trees within 100 m of them were felled and the felled material was inspected. The most important host tree species was Acer pseudoplatanus (43 of the 66 infested trees). Tree climbers inspected the trees between 100 and 300 m of infested trees three times. They found damage caused by native pests that it had not been possible to detect from the ground but no A. glabripennis. Other surveillance techniques used were the regular inspection of favoured host trees over a wide area and the planting and regular inspection of favoured host trees in the core of the outbreak area. Pheromone trapping and the use of detection dog teams were trialled during the outbreak. Public meetings, leaflet drops, press releases, television features and school visits were all used to communicate with local residents and other stakeholders. No A. glabripennis were detected after the initial removal of trees in 2012 and eradication was declared after seven years of surveillance in 2019. The outbreak was likely to have been present for 10 or 11 years, but population development is likely to have been limited by the sub-optimal climatic conditions, especially the UK’s relatively cool summers.
Presidential Address: Memories of Better Times before the Christians Came to Mexico and Guatemala
Authors: Terraciano Kevin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe author presented a draft of this essay as a presidential address at the 2012 meeting of the society in Springfield, Missouri. The theme of the meeting was “the apocalypse,” referring to a popular belief that the Mayan calendar predicted a cataclysmic event to occur in that year. The address proposed that the apocalypse had already occurred in the sixteenth century, when the Maya and many other Indigenous groups of the Americas were devastated by diseases brought by European immigrants. The author examined how the destruction was documented in Spanish surveys called the Relaciones geográficas, which were completed after a major epidemic devastated the Indigenous population of Mesoamerica. The author did not submit the paper for publication at the time. The current pandemic has lent some modest perspective to the many epidemic diseases that have swept through the Americas since the late fifteenth century. The author submitted this revised version of the original essay after editing the content, adding notes, and citing relevant works published since 2012.
Treaty Stories: Reclaiming the Unbroken History of Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwe Sovereignty
Authors: Huettl Margaret 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOjibwe leaders negotiated treaties with the United States amid nineteenth-century encroachments on their territory. These treaties, which were more than tools of dispossession, enfolded and extended aadizookanag (sacred stories) in agreements that embodied Ojibwe relationships with land, language, sacred history, ceremony, and kin. Federal and state policy makers, fueled by the desire for Indian land and resources, attempted to unravel these relationships in the decades that followed. By continuing to live out through labor and stories their relationships with the woods, waters, and manoomin (wild rice) beds of Anishinaabewaki, the Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibweg kept their treaties and their sovereignty alive.
How to dismantle modern stressors: does a short trip to simulated Paleolithic conditions in the wild reduce cortisol levels?
Authors: Freese Jens , Schnell Simon , Schäfer Alina , Klement Rainer J. , Krüger Sascha , Lückemann Laura , Lötzerich Helmut 
Published: March 2021

Background: Chronic stress has become a central problem of our modern society. It appears plausible that our Paleolithic ancestors were more exposed to acutely life-threatening stress stimuli than chronically enduring psychosocial stressors. The aim of this study was to test whether it is possible to reduce physiological and psychological stress parameters by returning to simulated Paleolithic lifestyle conditions. Methods: In total, 15 volunteers undertook a four-day hiking tour simulating hunter-gatherer lifestyle conditions in a National Park. Saliva samples were taken at 5, 6 and 7 pm prior to, during and after the intervention and evaluated for cortisol concentration. Perceived stress was measured by the Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Results: The study was completed by 11 of the subjects. Mean body weight and fat mass decreased significantly during the intervention by 2.3 and 2.2 kg, respectively. There was a marked increase in cortisol levels on the first day of the intervention compared to baseline with a gradual return to baseline levels on the subsequent days. Individual cortisol responses were heterogeneous; in threes subjects, cortisol concentrations generally decreased from 5 to 7 pm, while in four subjects the opposite trend was observed. Conclusions: During this four-day outdoor intervention under simulated Paleolithic conditions, significant changes occurred almost exclusively at the first day of the study. The increase in cortisol levels at this point supports the hypothesis that some individuals respond by an increased release of cortisol as a result of adaptation to new environmental conditions.
The evidence for interventions in early childhood allergy prevention – towards a living systematic review: protocol
Authors: Matterne Uwe , Tischer Christina , Wang Jiancong , Knüttel Helge , Genuneit Jon , Perkin Michael , Apfelbacher Christian 
Published: March 2021

Background: Research in early childhood allergy prevention (ECAP) is flourishing and new intervention strategies have proven to be promising. Due to the dynamic nature of ECAP, gaps between what is known and how guidelines inform practice are likely. A living systematic review (LSR) can narrow this gap by incorporating new evidence as it becomes available. No efficacy comparisons across various ECAP interventions for similar outcomes have been carried out. Networks of randomised clinical trials can be evaluated in the context of a network meta-analysis (NMA). We aim to establish a LSR on the efficacy and safety of any intervention investigated in randomised controlled trials (RCT) to prevent the occurrence of allergic sensitisation (AS), symptoms or diagnoses of allergic diseases in infancy and early childhood (0-3 years). Methods: A baseline SR will synthesise the evidence from existing SRs of RCTs as well as RCTs not yet considered in these. After completion of the baseline SR we propose to conduct a LSR. Using this methodology, we aim to undertake constant evidence surveillance, three-monthly search updates, and review updates every three months, should new evidence emerge. Conclusions: The ECAP evidence landscape has undergone dramatic transformations and this process is likely to continue. As a response to this, a LSR offers the potential to allow more timely synthesis of new evidence as it emerges. Long gaps between updates of SRs makes it harder for guidelines and recommendations to be up to date. Users of information, such as parents, may be confused if they encounter new evidence that is not part of a trusted guideline. A LSR approach allows us to continuously search the literature and update the evidence-base of existing ECAP interventions resulting in a decreased timespan from evidence accrual to informing clinical practice.
Workplace mental health promotion in a large state organization: Perceived needs, expected effects, neglected side effects
Authors: Werk Lilly Paulin , Muschalla Beate 
Published: March 2021

Background: Work ability and mental health in the workplace is increasingly promoted in terms of workplace health management. In order to select suitable interventions at work in a concrete context, employees and managers of a large state organization (science and development sector) were asked about perceived needs, desired effects and possible side effects of health promotion interventions. Methods: 13 semi-structured interviews with managers and five focus group interviews with employees (N = 20) were conducted in autumn 2020 by a behavior therapist in training. The evaluation was carried out by a qualitative content analysis of the interview transcripts according to a deductive procedure and was checked by two independent raters. Results: Most frequently, need was expressed for individual case counselling by a health expert due to the diversity of work-related problems. Managers would like to see more health-related leadership training, and a review of the various communication channels of their organization. Expected positive effects are increased self-efficacy, higher person-job-fits and reduced absenteeism. Side effects were mentioned, such as confusion of health management activities with therapy, or sensitization effects when speaking too much about mental health in mentally healthy teams. Lack of competence with the topic of mental health was mentioned as a reason for non-participation in mental health promotion activities. Conclusions: The role of managers in relation to mental health needs to be more defined. Side effects related to mental health activities should be considered in evaluations. Selection of health interventions should depend on the concrete needs of the organization.
Quantitative Structure-Activity Study against Plasmodium falciparum of a Series of Derivatives of Azetidine-2-Carbonitriles by the Method of Density Functional Theory
Authors: N’dri Jean Stéphane , Ouattara Bafétigué , Koné Mamadou Guy-Richard , Kablan Ahmont Landry Claude , Dembélé Georges Stéphane , Kodjo Charles Guillaume , Ziao Nahossé 
Published: March 2021

<p>This work deals with a Quantitative Structure-Activity study against <em>Plasmodium</em> <em>falciparum</em> of a series of Azetidine-2-carbonitrile derivatives. Using the MLR and MNLR methods from excel and xlstat software, we have been able to develop two QSAR models based on molecular descriptors and plasmodial activity. Calculation level B3LYP/6-311 G (d, p) was used to determine molecular descriptors. The statistical indicators of the first model obtained by the MLR method are: the regression coefficient found was <strong>R<sup>2</sup></strong> = 0.939 with a standard deviation S =0.266, Fischer's coefficient F =82.064, and a cross-validation correlation coefficient =0.935. The parameters of the second model developed by the MNLR method are: the regression coefficient <strong>R<sup>2</sup></strong>: de 0.953, a standard deviation S of 0.258, the Fischer's test F of 108.957, and the correlation coefficient of the cross-validation =0.951. Moreover, these models have shown some interesting statistical performance. The energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (E<sub>HOMO</sub>), the dipole moment (µD), and the partition coefficient (log P) are the molecular descriptors responsible for the <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> activity of Azetidine-derivatives 2-carbonitriles. Furthermore, the partition coefficient is the primary descriptor for predicting the biological activity of the studied compounds. From the findings, Eriksson <em>et al.</em> and the external validation criteria of Tropsha used to implement the test are verified and accurate.</p>
Implementation strategies in emergency management of children: A scoping review
Authors: Aregbesola Alex , Abou-Setta Ahmed M. , Okoli George N. , Jeyaraman Maya M. , Lam Otto , Kasireddy Viraj , Copstein Leslie , Askin Nicole , Sibley Kathryn M. , Klassen Terry P. 
Published: March 2021

Background
Implementation strategies are vital for the uptake of evidence to improve health, healthcare delivery, and decision-making. Medical or mental emergencies may be life-threatening, especially in children, due to their unique physiological needs when presenting in the emergency departments (EDs). Thus, practice change in EDs attending to children requires evidence-informed considerations regarding the best approaches to implementing research evidence. We aimed to identify and map the characteristics of implementation strategies used in the emergency management of children.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. We searched four databases [Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Central (Wiley) and CINAHL (Ebsco)] from inception to May 2019, for implementation studies in children (≤21 years) in emergency settings. Two pairs of reviewers independently selected studies for inclusion and extracted the data. We performed a descriptive analysis of the included studies.

Results
We included 87 studies from a total of 9,607 retrieved citations. Most of the studies were before and after study design (n = 68, 61%) conducted in North America (n = 63, 70%); less than one-tenth of the included studies (n = 7, 8%) were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). About one-third of the included studies used a single strategy to improve the uptake of research evidence. Dissemination strategies were more commonly utilized (n = 77, 89%) compared to other implementation strategies; process (n = 47, 54%), integration (n = 49, 56%), and capacity building and scale-up strategies (n = 13, 15%). Studies that adopted capacity building and scale-up as part of the strategies were most effective (100%) compared to dissemination (90%), process (88%) and integration (85%).

Conclusions
Studies on implementation strategies in emergency management of children have mostly been non-randomized studies. This review suggests that ‘dissemination’ is the most common strategy used, and ‘capacity building and scale-up’ are the most effective strategies. Higher-quality evidence from randomized-controlled trials is needed to accurately assess the effectiveness of implementation strategies in emergency management of children.
Research using population-based administration data integrated with longitudinal data in child protection settings: A systematic review
Authors: Chikwava Fadzai , Cordier Reinie , Ferrante Anna , O’Donnell Melissa , Speyer Renée , Parsons Lauren 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
Over the past decade there has been a marked growth in the use of linked population administrative data for child protection research. This is the first systematic review of studies to report on research design and statistical methods used where population-based administrative data is integrated with longitudinal data in child protection settings.

Methods
The systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The electronic databases Medline (Ovid), PsycINFO, Embase, ERIC, and CINAHL were systematically searched in November 2019 to identify all the relevant studies. The protocol for this review was registered and published with Open Science Framework (Registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/96PX8)

Results
The review identified 30 studies reporting on child maltreatment, mental health, drug and alcohol abuse and education. The quality of almost all studies was strong, however the studies rated poorly on the reporting of data linkage methods. The statistical analysis methods described failed to take into account mediating factors which may have an indirect effect on the outcomes of interest and there was lack of utilisation of multi-level analysis.

Conclusion
We recommend reporting of data linkage processes through following recommended and standardised data linkage processes, which can be achieved through greater co-ordination among data providers and researchers.
Algoritmo de Encriptación para Imágenes a color basado en Sistemas Caóticos
Authors: Amaya Barrera Isabel , Suárez Parra César Augusto , Santos Bustos Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Contexto: Aprovechando los fundamentos de la teoría de sistemas dinámicos no lineales se propone un modelo de encriptación para imágenes a color basado en sistemas caóticos, que satisface estándares de seguridad acordes con los desafíos a que se enfrenta la sociedad.
Método: Se propone un algoritmo simétrico utilizando el sistema caótico Cat de Arnold para la permutación y para la difusión el sistema hipercaótico de Chen o el sistema hipercaótico de Lorenz, en la implementación se utiliza programación paralela para reducir los tiempos de ejecución.
Resultados: Se aplican métricas de desempeño para evaluar la seguridad del modelo criptográfico propuesto, encontrando que los indicadores obtenidos se enmarcan dentro de los publicados en artículos recientes que abordan el problema de la seguridad a través del caos.
Conclusiones: Se aplican métricas de desempeño para evaluar la seguridad del modelo criptográfico propuesto, encontrando que los indicadores obtenidos se enmarcan dentro de los publicados en artículos recientes que abordan el problema de la seguridad a través del caos.
Wielkość i kierunki migracji na pobyt stały w województwie wielkopolskim w latach 2002–2017
Authors: Ilnicki Dariusz 
Published: March 2021

Celem opracowania jest próba wyjaśnienia zróżnicowania wielkości oraz kierunków migracji na pobyt stały pomiędzy jednostkami poziomu NUTS 5 podziału terytorialnego. W oparciu o przemieszczenia w układzie wieś–miasto, miasto–wieś zostały zidentyfikowane odpowiednio obszary zlewni migracyjnych oraz obszary atrakcyjności migracyjnej. Podstawową jednostką odniesienia przestrzennego prowadzonych analiz były miasto i gmina (NUTS 5). Wielkość migracji zostanie ukazana w układzie czterech kierunków migracji (miasto–miasto; miasto–wieś; wieś–miasto; wieś–wieś). W opisie wielkości i kierunków migracji zastosowany zostanie sumaryczny przepływ, a w przypadku wyznaczenia obszarów emigracji i imigracji miast największy przepływ. Jakkolwiek migracje na pobyt stały są aktem jednorazowym, to ich powtarzalność, wielkość, obecność „relacji powrotnych” pozwala wnioskować o wzmacnianiu powiązań funkcjonalnych pomiędzy miastami a ich otoczeniem. W konsekwencji migracje tego typu mogą być wykorzystywane do delimitacji obszarów powiązanych ze sobą funkcją miejsca zamieszkania, miejsca pracy – obszarów funkcjonalnych miast.
Einleitung
Authors: Esser Andrea Marlen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Many classical philosophical texts contain passages that are to be judged as discriminatory and degrading, and by today’s standards even as racist, sexist or anti-Semitic. How we should deal appropriately with this heritage – be it in teaching or in research – is by no means undisputed. Some researchers are of the opinion that the passages in question are terminological idiosyncrasies of the respective authors related to the time they lived in and therefore philosophically irrelevant: they can be disregarded. Others doubt that such a separation can actually be made. They are of the opinion that the philosophical parts of the respective work are always affected if racist, sexist or anti-Semitic ideas can be detected in passages. In analogy to the current discussion on how to deal with problematic works of art, memorials, street names or linguistic expressions, the question can also be addressed to philosophical works: what should be done with philosophical texts if they contain racist, sexist and anti-Semitic thoughts and their reception preserves so-called racist knowledge in our society? The contributions in the section ‘Philosophie aktuell’ take a stand on these questions from different perspectives and thereby show that one can also deal critically with this topic on the basis of philosophical methods.
Japanese adapted physical education graduate students’ learning about master’s research thesis projects
Authors: Sato Takahiro , McKay Cathy 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe how Japanese adapted physical education (APE)graduate students engage themselves in learning research skills through masters’ research thesis projects. In this study, andragogy theory was utilized, which allowed the researchers to understand Japanese graduate students’ learning experiences of master’s research thesis projects. Five Japanese APE master’s students (3 men and 2 women) participated in the study, which had a descriptive-qualitative design using an in-depth, semi-structured interview approach. The data source was face to face interviews. Interview data were analyzed using a constant comparative method, and resulted in themes related to (a) reasons for selecting a master’s research thesis topic, (b) learning challenges of research methods, and (c) peer evaluation and collaboration. To better support Japanese graduate students, this study encourages APE faculty and graduate students to learn how to develop a blueprint of the research design, research method, and presentation of the results and discussion using various research sources in the graduate students’ research seminars. This study posits that Japanese APE graduate students will benefit from a learning strategy such as language translation-oriented strategy that enables them to capture the nuance of content learning in APE.
About design and use of powder plain bearings
Authors: Pleskach V. , Ol’shanetskii V. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose. Optimization of methods of design, calculation and use of slip bearings; elaboration of recommendations on the use of powder materials and lubricants for the production of slip bearings.
Research methods. Analysis of existing calculations of slip bearings, of efficiency of the bearing under conditions of self-lubrication and features of using hydrodynamic lubrication theory for calculations of slip bearings in the presence of liquid lubrication.
Results. The area of predominant application of slip bearings, their main elements are clarified and described; recommendations on the sizes of structural elements of bearings are given. The main types of slipping friction and their relationship with the bearing design and operating conditions are analyzed.
The possible composition of powder materials for slip bearings, the interdependence of bearing porosity and the viscosity of the oil used to ensure the of its longevity is analyzed. Recommendations for the design of bearings in conditions of liquid friction are given. Generalized methodology for calculating the efficiency of slip bearings is proposed.
Based on the theory of hydrodynamic lubrication, a method for calculating slip bearings for liquid lubrication conditions, which provides optimal operating conditions is proposed.
Scientific novelty. Optimized selection of powder material and structure to improve lubrication conditions is proposed. The analysis of the influence of the chemical composition of the oil to ensure maximum adhesion of this oil with a bearing surface is resulted; the analysis of the influence of the chemical composition of the oil to ensure maximum adhesion of this oil with a bearing surface, as well as mathematical dependencies that make it possible to adjust the composition of the oil by adding specially selected microadditives is resulted. Generalized approaches to the method of calculation of powder slip bearings, which operating under different friction conditions are proposed.
Practical value. Practical methods of designing and calculating slip bearings from powder materials are offered.