bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Casing Condition Through Integration of Multi-Finger Calipers and Ultrasonic Imaging with Casing Wear Analysis - A Hybrid Approach
Authors: Ahmed Hassaan , Khan Mohammad Rasheed , Rashid Kamran , Bari Abdul , Ali Syed Dost , Zubair Talha , Tanveer Muhammad Sohaib , Anjum Usman 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Casing degradation evaluation is of prime importance to ensure well integrity system reliability and sustainability. Multi-finger calipers have been around for more than 50 years and are used to assess internal casing damage. In addition, high resolution ultrasonic imaging, introduced relatively recently, determines casing thickness by transmitting pulse-echo waveforms to initiate thickness-mode of the casing through induction of mechanical resonance. A high-profile exploratory gas well was at stake of being compromised due to fishing and cable sticking incidents in the 7-inch section. In this work, a novel combination of multi-finger caliper and ultrasonic imaging is investigated to accurately determine metal loss with assistance of hybrid threedimensional casing morphological visualizations which is then utilized to validate casing derating models and ensure well integrity.
In order to evaluate the casing condition, it was decided to run a 24-finger caliper tool and to make up for loss of coverage area, ultrasonic imaging was employed. In order to process caliper data from various fingers, a three-tier process was applied which includes finger calibration, caliper correction due to eccentricity, finger sticking, finger offset, and lastly statistical analysis was conducted to generate corrosion summary report for metal penetration computations. Next, characteristic of the casing resonance was processed to measure thickness and compared with the nominal thickness to determine metal loss percentage. Furthermore, arithmetical analysis of internal casing radius measurements from both the tools was done to ensure data reliability. Ultimately, combining the measurements, 3D descriptions were generated in order to better characterize localized damage.
A multi-physics approach led to a comprehensive characterization of in-situ casing condition. Consistency between internal radius measured by the calipers and deduced by pulse- echo arrivals was observed, improving confidence on the end-product. In the 7-inch casing section, a 40-meters interval was identified to have medium intensity grooves where the maximum penetration was computed to be in excess of 20% of the nominal pipe thickness This groove can be associated with tripping in / out operations of drill string or BHA. Also, the log results agree with the relatively higher side forces across this interval due to increased dog-leg-severity. In addition, cyclic response in radius measurements identified another zone where potential casing deformation (ovalization) near the surface was observed. Results of torque and drag simulations and well trajectory parameters were integrated with casing degradation analysis from the logs which assisted in qualifying well barrier status for the casing.
Digital Slickline: Case Studies Highlighting Impact of Real-Time Slickline and Efficiency Improvements Compared to Traditional Slickline & E-Line Interventions
Authors: Heaney Frank , Mayorov Mikhail , Savage John 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Digital Slickline (DSL) using radio frequency (RF) communications has been deployed in the field since late 2016 and has completed more than 600 jobs, and 2000 runs globally. Several papers have been published outlining how DSL has been deployed for eline replacement services such as perforating, explosive and non-explosive plug setting, production logging, and various other services. What has been less discussed are the efficiencies with surface readout (SRO) downhole data during typical slickline (SL) interventions where jarring is the prominent feature. RF DSL was introduced to the market in late 2016, and since this time, the split between SL and eline replacement services has been relatively consistent at 60/40. The separation isn't unreasonable as most interventions start as SL to prepare the well, move to a diagnostic or well repair phase, and close-out with SL to bring the well back onto production. Case histories presented will outline how SRO in-situ data give operations confidence tasks were completed as planned on gas lift change-outs and non-typical functions like a smart hole finder for leak detection.
Today, we have an adequate sample size to validate the efficiency improvements deploying RF DSL compared to the traditional SL/eline intervention model. The one rig up setup off a small footprint slickline unit has proven to save multiple hours depending on the intervention complexity, and the number of eline rig up & rig down sequences eliminated. As the technology gains acceptance, the tool portfolio has continuously expanded, and we have started to leverage opportunities on traditional slickline services to minimize deferred production. Efficiency savings are well documented, but the paper will also detail the polymer-coated cable performance, with focus on breaking strength, corrosive parameters, wellbore fluid compatibility and new critical performance indicators completed before each job. We will close out by summarizing some of the newer technologies that will continue the improved efficiency theme.
Circulating miRNA in Atherosclerosis: A Clinical Biomarker and Early Diagnostic Tool
Authors: Sharma Ashish Ranjan , Sharma Garima , Bhattacharya Manojit , Lee Sang-Soo , Chakraborty Chiranjib 
Published: March 2021

:Atherosclerosis, which is a vascular disease, is characterized by narrowing the arteries and forming plaque inside arteries. There is a record 17.5 million associated deaths recorded annually, representing 31% of global death. It has been noted that there is an association between vascular fibrosis and atherosclerosis. The thickening of the arterial wall and reduction of the lumen diameter may cause unwarranted deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), and these conditions help in the progression of many clinical diseases and pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis. Here, we reviewed the involvement of various circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in the very early diagnosis of atherosclerosis. We have also tried to provide an insight into the advantages and validation of circulating miRNAs through different techniques. We have discussed different circulating miRNAs, such as miR-17, miR-17-5p, miR-29b, miR-30, miR-92a, miR-126, miR-143, miR-145, miR-146a, miR-212, miR-218, miR-221, miR-222, miR-361-5p, as a biomarker for clinical diagnosis of atherosclerosis. The insightful demonstration in this review will offer a better opportunity for the researchers and technology developers in understanding the current scenario of circulating miRNA, which could facilitate them in improving the current diagnostic technologies of atherosclerosis in clinics.
Post Abortion Contraceptive Use and Determinant Factors in Ethiopia: A
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Cherie Niguss , Gebrie Neway , Yasin Toyeb 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The World health organization’s recommendations aim to provide comprehensive
post-abortion care for all women coming for abortion services. Different investigations
have been conducted in Ethiopia reporting the prevalence and the determinant factors of post-abortion
contraception, but they lack consistency and are characterized by discrepancies. Therefore,
this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated
factors of family planning utilization among women receiving abortion services in Ethiopia.

Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis of published and grey literature were conducted .
The protocol was registered on PROSPERO at CRD42020162969. PubMed, Google Scholar, Science
Direct, HINARI and Cochrane Library and Google were used to review studies starting from
January 14, 2020 to March 11, 2020. STATA 14 software was used for analysis. JBI approach was
used for critical appraisal, study selection, and data extraction. The possible risk of publication bias
was examined using the Funnel plot, Begg’s and Egger’s test. Statistical heterogeneity was quantified
using Cochran’s Q and the I2 test statistic. A random effect model was used as a method of
analysis.

Result:
A total of 8236 women were involved using sixteen studies having 7 to 9 quality scores.
The pooled prevalence of family planning utilization among women receiving abortion services in
Ethiopia was 69.73% (95% CI: 63.67,75.79) .In addition, subgroup analysis showed the highest prevalence
of post-abortion contraception on Addis Ababa city Administration,79.38(95%-
CI;66.87,91.89). Counseling for contraceptive: (OR=3.48,95% CI: 1.94,6.25), and history of contraceptive
use: (OR=7.62, 95% CI: 3.28:17.69) have shown a positive association with post-abortion
family planning utilization in Ethiopia.

Conclusion:
Family planning utilization among women receiving abortion services is shown to be
less than the WHO and national recommendation. Counseling and history of contraceptive use
were found to be significantly associated with post-abortion family planning utilization in Ethiopia.
A Network Pharmacology Approach to Explore the Underlying Mechanism of Tufuling Qiwei Tangsan in Treating Psoriasis
Authors: Ma Xiaolei , Lu Yinan , Lu Yang , Pei Zhili 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Tufuling Qiwei Tangsan (TQTS) is a commonly used Mongolian medicine
preparation against psoriasis in China. However, its mechanism of action and molecular targets for the
treatment of psoriasis is still unclear. Network pharmacology can reveal the synergistic mechanism of
drugs at the molecular, target, and pathway levels and is suitable for the complex study of traditional
Chinese medicine formulations. However, it is rarely involved in the application of Mongolian medicine
with the same holistic concept of traditional Chinese medicine.

Method:
In this paper, the active compounds of TQTS were collected, and their targets were identified.
Psoriasis-related targets were obtained by analyzing the differential expressed genes between psoriasis
patients and healthy individuals. Then, the network concerning the interactions of potential targets of
TQTS with well-known psoriasis-related targets was built. The core targets were selected according to
topological parameters. And the enrichment analysis was carried out to explore the mechanism of action
of TQTS. Moreover, molecular docking was performed to study the interaction between the selected
ligands and receptors related to psoriasis.

Result and Conclusion:
Eighty-five active compounds of TQTS were screened, with corresponding 270
targets, and 313 differentially expressed genes were identified. Additionally, enrichment analysis
showed that the targets of TQTS for treating psoriasis were mainly involved in multiple biological processes,
including apoptosis, growth factor response, etc., and related pathways including PI3K-Akt and
MAPK signaling pathway, and so on. Genes such as NFKB1, TP53, and MAPK1 are the key genes in
the gene pathway network of TQTS against psoriasis. The 4 main active components of TQTS have certain
binding activity with 13 potential targets, and the stability of their interaction with AKT1 is found
to be the most efficient, which indicates the potential mechanism of TQTS on psoriasis.
Concentration-dependent Effects of Dietary L-Ascorbic Acid Fortification in the Brains of Healthy Mice
Authors: Olofinnade Anthony T. , Onaolapo Adejoke Y. , Onaolapo Olakunle J. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Ascorbic acid (AA) is a water-soluble vitamin that is concentrated in the
brain in large quantities. There have been reports that it is essential for proper brain functioning.
However, there is insufficient information on the possible effects of dietary fortification with AA
on the health of the brain.

Objective:
This study examined the effects of dietary fortification of rodent chow with AA on
neurobehaviour, antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory/apoptotic markers in the
brain of healthy mice.

Methods:
Mice were randomly assigned into four groups of ten animals each. Groups were normal
control [fed rodent chow], and three groups were fed AA-fortified chow at 100, 200, and 300
mg/kg of feed, respectively, for eight weeks. Behavioural tests Open field, Y-maze, radial-arm
maze, and elevated plus maze (EPM) were carried out on day 57. Twenty-four hours after the last
behavioural test, animals were euthanised, and the brains were excised and homogenised for assessment
of brain acetylcholinesterase activity, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status, inflammatory
and apoptotic markers.

Results:
Ascorbic acid fortified diet was associated with concentration-dependent changes in body
weight, open-field behaviours, working-memory, and anxiety indices. Also, brain levels of
malondialdehyde, caspase-3, and TNF-α decreased, while superoxide dismutase activity, total antioxidant
capacity, and IL-10 level increased.

Conclusion:
Dietary AA fortification with concentrations up to 300 mg/kg of feed was associated
with sustained improvement in neurobehavioural and biochemical parameters in the brain of
healthy mice, reiterating additional health benefits of AA fortification beyond the prevention of
nutritional deficiencies.
Rethinking the political economy of Chinese-African agricultural cooperation:
Authors: Pepa Mariasole 
Published: March 2021

This paper explores the Chinese agricultural technology demonstration centers (ATDCs) in Africa, a recent evolution of Chinese-African agricultural cooperation often recognized as a representative example of South-South cooperation. More specifically, the study observes the development of the ATDCs in Africa, through a literature review, and indicates major limitations in ATDCs research. This paper proposes a new political economy approach that accounts for place and space, which are crucial lenses for the analysis of ATDCs in Africa. The reconsideration of spatial relations takes into account the importance of the local territory, where operations are based, as an active constituent in China-Africa agricultural cooperation.
KEY WORDS: SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION, AGRICULTURE, DEVELOPMENT, CHINA, AFRICA
Perceived Impacts, Acceptability, and Recommendations for Ecological Momentary Assessment Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Qualitative Study
Authors: Acorda Darlene , Businelle Michael , Santa Maria Diane 
Published: March 2021

Background
The use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to study youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) behaviors is an emerging area of research. Despite high rates of participation and potential clinical utility, few studies have investigated the acceptability and recommendations for EMA from the YEH perspective.

Objective
This study aimed to describe the perceived benefits, usability, acceptability, and barriers to the use of EMA from the homeless youth perspective.

Methods
YEH were recruited from a larger EMA study. Semistructured exit interviews were performed using an interview guide that focused on the YEH experience with the EMA app, and included perceived barriers and recommendations for future studies. Data analyses used an inductive approach with thematic analysis to identify major themes and subthemes.

Results
A total of 18 YEH aged 19-24 years participated in individual and group exit interviews. The EMA was highly acceptable to YEH and they found the app and EMA surveys easy to navigate. Perceived benefits included increased behavioral and emotional awareness with some YEH reporting a decrease in their high-risk behaviors as a result of participation. Another significant perceived benefit was the ability to use the phones for social support and make connections to family, friends, and potential employers. Barriers were primarily survey and technology related. Survey-related barriers included the redundancy of questions, the lack of customizable responses, and the timing of survey prompts. Technology-related barriers included the “freezing” of the app, battery charge, and connectivity issues. Recommendations for future studies included the need to provide real-time mental health support for symptomatic youth, to create individually customized questions, and to test the use of personalized motivational messages that respond to the EMA data in real time.

Conclusions
YEH are highly receptive to the use of EMA in studies. Further studies are warranted to understand the impact of EMA on YEH behaviors. Incorporating the YEH perspective into the design and implementation of EMA studies may help minimize barriers, increase acceptability, and improve participation rates in this hard-to-reach, disconnected population.
FORMULA OPTIMIZATION AND IN VITRO RELEASE KINETIC STUDIES OF DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE MUCOADHESIVE BILAYER BUCCAL FILM
Authors: WINARTI LINA , LAILY AFALAH ZULFA , SARI LUSIA OKTORA RUMA KUMALA , IRAWAN EKA DEDDY , NURRAHMANTO DWI , ROSYIDI VIDDY AGUSTIAN , BARIKAH KUNI ZUAIMAH , AMELIANA LIDYA 
Published: March 2021

Objective: This research aims to determine the amount of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and chitosan, which can produce the optimum buccal film formula and to determine the release kinetics of diltiazem hydrochloride in vitro.
Methods: The film was prepared by the solvent casting method. The formula's optimization was carried out using factorial design, which was processed using Design Expert 11.0.0 software, while the release kinetics was analyzed using the DDSolver program.
Results: The optimization results show that HPMC and chitosan (30 mg: 10 mg) is the amount of polymer that can produce the optimum formula. The buccal film formula has a swelling index of 2.92, a mucoadhesive strength of 64.40 gF, and a mucoadhesive residence time of 464 min. In vitro release study showed 97.64% release of Diltiazem hydrochloride after 480 min. The release kinetic’s of diltiazem hydrochloride follow the Korsmeyer Peppas model.
Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that the prepared formulation of the buccal mucoadhesive film can be a delivery system for diltiazem hydrochloride.
ETHANOL RECOVERY FROM PROPOLIS PRODUCTION WASTE USING ADSORPTION DISTILLATION METHOD
Authors: SAHLAN MUHAMAD , YULISTIONO LINDATIANA , SASONGKO ASHADI , KHAYRANI APRILIANA CAHYA , LISCHER KENNY , PRATAMI DIAH KARTIKA 
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study objective to compare two adsorbents in the ability to recover ethanol in the propolis production by-product.
Methods: Research methods include initial identification of the compound content in ethanol by-products of propolis production with GC/MS and determination of ethanol levels by GC-FID. The process of increasing ethanol content is carried out by the adsorption distillation method; the adsorbent used are synthetic zeolite 3A and white silica gel which has activated with the furnace.
Results: The result obtained from the study is the initial ethanol content 27.5%. After the ethanol recycle process using synthetic zeolite 3A 30, 60, and 90 grams, it was obtained content 82.3%, 87.1%, and 90.9%. By using 30, 60, and 90 grams silica gel, it was obtained content 72.0%, 79.2%, and 82.2%.
Conclusion: Based on these results it can be concluded that the ethanol content of the by-products of propolis production has been successfully increased by the distillation adsorption method with synthetic zeolite 3A 90 grams as the best result. The ethanol which recycling with this formulation has the characteristic odor of ethanol, which is very strong and does not has the characteristic odor of propolis.
CHARACTERIZATION AND CONCENTRATION OPTIMIZATION OF HIBISCUS ROSA-SINENSIS L. MUCILAGE POWDER AS SUPERDISINTEGRANT
Authors: PRABOWO IMAM , ISKANDARSYAH  , ADRIANY RINA 
Published: March 2021

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to characterize Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. mucilage (MHR) powder as superdisintegrant and to decide the optimum concentration of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.
Methods: Characterization was conducted in many tests such as organoleptic, swelling ratio, solubility, polysaccharide, viscosity, particle size distribution, flowability and compressibility index. Next, MHR powder was included in fast disintegrating tablet (FDT) domperidone formulation in several concentrations and compared with FDT domperidone formulation that using sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrant.
Results: The result of characterization of MHR powder were brownish powder, specific smell like traditional medicines, swelling ratio of 24, solubility of 0.426±0.034 mg/ml, positive polysaccharide, the viscosity of 491.33±119.44 cps (2% w/v), 4520.00±1224.42 cps (4% w/v), Dv(10) of 26.2 µm, Dv(50) of 157 µm, Dv(90) of 260 µm, Dv(100) of 380 µm, flowless, and average compressibility index of 26.75±1.79%. The optimum MHR powder concentration was 1% because the average disintegration time was 39.67±4.73 seconds and the average wetting time was 66.33±14.29 seconds. Those times were faster than domperidone FDT that used this superdisintegrant in other concentrations or sodium starch glycolate in the same concentration.
Conclusion: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. mucilage powder can be used as superdisintegrant in FDT formulation with an optimum concentration of 1%.
THE AVAILABILITY OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG IN ERA OF NHI: A STUDY IN THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE JAKARTA-INDONESIA
Authors: RESTINIA MITA , LAKSMITAWATI DIAN RATIH , ANGGRIANI YUSI , SEKOWATI YUDHA 
Published: March 2021

Objective: The study was carried out to observe the impact of NHI to availability, usage, stock of antihypertensive drug enrolled in a national formulary in one of the primary health care centre in Jakarta.
Methods: A longitudinal time series design was performed retrospectively to analyse the availability, usage, and stock of antihypertensive drug. The data period was from January 2013 (1 y before NHI) to December 2015 (2 y after NHI). The Independent-Samples T or Mann-Whitney test was conducted to compare these parameters before and after NHI.
Results: We found amlodipine 5 mg and 10 mg tablet, hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg tablet, captopril 12.5 mg and 25 mg tablet, nifedipine 10 mg tablet were available in Primary Health Care. These drug were generic and tablet dosage form. The most common drug used was captopril and Nifedipine, respectively. The highest availability was diuretic hydrochlorothiazide. The availability of amlodipine 5 mg and 10 mg tablet, captopril 12.5 mg tablet increased significantly (P<0.05) after NHI was implemented. Moreover, hydrochlorothiazide decreased (P<0.05) as well. The usage of amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide risen (P<0.05) but the nifedipine decreased (P<0.05) after NHI. All stock of antihypertensive except captopril 25 mg different significantly (P<0.05) after the application of NHI.
Conclusion: This study highlights the implementation of NHI impacted the availability, usage, and stock of antihypertensive drug enrolled in national formulary.
IMPLEMENTATION OF FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLERS TO MAINTAIN WATER TEMPERATURE IN HYDROPONICS NFT FOR LOLLO VERDE LETTUCE (LACTUCA SATIVA L.)
Authors: FAUZAN MOHAMAD NURKAMAL , SAPTARINI NYI MEKAR 
Published: March 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to maintain the nutritional water temperature in the range of 25-27 °C for Lollo Verde lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).
Methods: The method was the Fuzzy Logic Mamdani (FLM) with two inputs, i.e. real time clock and temperature. The output was crisp speed PWM with the center of area method.
Results: The results showed that Fuzzy logic was succeeded in reducing water temperature in the NFT system from 28-32 °C to 26-27 °C, with an average delta of 3.5 °C. Fuzzy logic maintained the nutrient water temperature in the Lollo Verde lettuce with an average of 26.57±0.5 °C. Water temperature affected the yield of Lollo Verde lettuce.
Conclusion: The yield of NFT FLM system was better compared to the conventional NFT system.