bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light modulates important physiological features of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum during the colonization of tomato plants
Authors: Tano Josefina , Ripa María Belén , Tondo María Laura , Carrau Analía , Petrocelli Silvana , Rodriguez María Victoria , Ferreira Virginia , Siri María Inés , Piskulic Laura , Orellano Elena Graciela 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRalstonia pseudosolanacearumGMI1000 (RpsoGMI1000) is a soil-borne vascular phytopathogen that infects host plants through the root system causing wilting disease in a wide range of agro-economic interest crops, producing economical losses. Several features contribute to the full bacterial virulence. In this work we study the participation of light, an important environmental factor, in the regulation of the physiological attributes and infectivity ofRpsoGMI1000. In silico analysis of theRpsogenome revealed the presence of aRsp0254gene, which encodes a putative blue light LOV-type photoreceptor. We constructed a mutant strain ofRpsolacking the LOV protein and found that the loss of this protein and light, influenced characteristics involved in the pathogenicity process such as motility, adhesion and the biofilms development, which allows the successful host plant colonization, rendering bacterial wilt. This protein could be involved in the adaptive responses to environmental changes. We demonstrated that light sensing and the LOV protein, would be used as a location signal in the host plant, to regulate the expression of several virulence factors, in a time and tissue dependent way. Consequently, bacteria could use an external signal andRpsolovgene to know their location within plant tissue during the colonization process.
Prediction of corneal graft rejection using central endothelium/Descemet’s membrane complex thickness in high-risk corneal transplants
Authors: Eleiwa Taher , Elsawy Amr , Ozcan Eyup , Chase Collin , Feuer William , Yoo Sonia H. , Perez Victor L. , Abou Shousha Mohamed F. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo determine whether measurements of Endothelium/Descemet complex thickness (En/DMT) are of predictive value for corneal graft rejection after high-risk corneal transplantation, we conducted this prospective, single-center, observational case series including sixty eyes (60 patients) at high risk for corneal graft rejection (GR) because of previous immunologic graft failure or having at least two quadrants of stromal vascularization. Patients underwent corneal transplant. At 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th postoperative month, HD-OCT imaging of the cornea was performed, and the corneal status was determined clinically at each visit by a masked cornea specialist. Custom-built segmentation tomography algorithm was used to measure the central En/DMT. Relationships between baseline factors and En/DMT were explored. Time dependent covariate Cox survival regression was used to assess the effect of post-operative En/DMT changes during follow up. A longitudinal repeated measures model was used to assess the relationship between En/DMT and graft status. Outcome measures included graft rejection, central Endothelium/Descemet’s complex thickness, and central corneal thickness (CCT). In patients with GR (35%), the central En/DMT increased significantly 5.3 months (95% CI: 2, 11) prior to the clinical diagnosis of GR, while it remained stable in patients without GR. During the 1-year follow up, the rejected grafts have higher mean pre-rejection En/DMTs (p = 0.01), compared to CCTs (p = 0.7). For En/DMT ≥ 18 µm cut-off (at any pre-rejection visit), the Cox proportional hazard ratio was 6.89 (95% CI: 2.03, 23.4; p = 0.002), and it increased to 9.91 (95% CI: 3.32, 29.6; p < 0.001) with a ≥ 19 µm cut-off. In high-risk corneal transplants, the increase in En/DMT allowed predicting rejection prior to the clinical diagnosis.
Probiotic supplementation reduces inflammatory profiles but does not prevent oral immune perturbations during SIV infection
Authors: Jones Rhianna , Kroll Kyle , Broedlow Courtney , Schifanella Luca , Smith Scott , Hueber Brady , Shah Spandan V. , Ram Daniel R. , Manickam Cordelia , Varner Valerie , Klatt Nichole R. , Reeves R. Keith 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHIV/SIV infections lead to massive loss of mucosal CD4 + T cells and breakdown of the epithelial mucosa resulting in severe microbial dysbiosis and chronic immune activation that ultimately drive disease progression. Moreover, disruption of one of the most understudied mucosal environments, the oral cavity, during HIV-induced immunosuppression results in significant microbial and neoplastic co-morbidities and contributes to and predicts distal disease complications. In this study we evaluated the effects of oral probiotic supplementation (PBX), which can stimulate and augment inflammatory or anti-inflammatory pathways, on early SIV infection of rhesus macaques. Our study revealed that similar to the GI mucosae, oral CD4 + T cells were rapidly depleted, and as one of the first comprehensive analyses of the oral microflora in SIV infection, we also observed significant modulation among two genera, Porphyromonas and Actinobacillus, early after infection. Interestingly, although PBX therapy did not substantially protect against oral dysbiosis or ameliorate cell loss, it did somewhat dampen inflammation and T cell activation. Collectively, these data provide one of the most comprehensive evaluations of SIV-induced changes in oral microbiome and CD4 + T cell populations, and also suggest that oral PBX may have some anti-inflammatory properties in lentivirus infections.
Influence of biochemical diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency on replacement therapy response and retesting results at adult height
Authors: Rodari Giulia , Profka E. , Giacchetti F. , Cavenaghi I. , Arosio M. , Giavoli C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIsolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) is the most frequent endocrinological disorder in children with short stature, however the diagnosis is still controversial due to the scarcity of reliable diagnostic criteria and pre-treatment predictive factors of long term-response. To evaluate recombinant growth hormone (rGH) long-term response and retesting results in three different groups of children divided in accordance with the biochemical criteria of initial diagnosis. Height gain (∆HT) at adult height (AH) and retesting results were evaluated in 57 rGH treated children (M = 34, 59.6%) divided into 3 groups according to initial diagnosis: Group A (n = 25) with max GH peak at stimulation test < 8 µg/L, Group B (n = 19) between 8 and 10 µg/L and Group C (n = 13) with mean overnight GH < 3 µg/L (neurosecretory dysfunction, NSD). Retesting was carried out in all patients after at least one month off therapy upon reaching the AH. 40/57 (70.2%) patients were pre-pubertal at diagnosis and showed ∆HT of 1.37 ± 1.00 SDS, with no significant differences between groups (P = 0.08). Nonetheless, 46% patients in Group B showed ∆HT < 1SDS (vs 13% and 12% in Group A and C, respectively) and 25% children failed to reach mid-parental height (vs 6% and 0% in Group A and C, respectively). At AH attainment, IGHD was reconfirmed in 28% (7/25) and 10% (2/19) in Group A and B, respectively. A reduction of diagnostic cut-off at GH stimulation tests could better discriminate between “good” and “poor responders” and predict the persistence of IGHD through transition. Group C response and the predictive value of baseline IGF-I SDS bring back to light NSD: should we consider an underlying hypothalamic derangement when the clinical presentation is strongly consistent with IGHD but pharmacological stimulation test is normal?
Long term relationship between farming damselfish, predators, competitors and benthic habitat on coral reefs of Moorea Island
Authors: Feeney William E. , Bertucci Frédéric , Gairin Emma , Siu Gilles , Waqalevu Viliame , Antoine Morgan , de Loma Thierry Lison , Planes Serge , Galzin René , Lecchini David 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the processes that shape biodiversity is essential for effective environmental management. Across the world’s coral reefs, algal farming damselfish (Stegastes sp.) modify the surrounding benthic community through their creation of algae “farms”. Using a long-term monitoring dataset (2005–2019) from Moorea Island, French Polynesia, we investigated whether the density of dusky damselfish (Stegastes nigricans) is associated with benthic habitat composition, the density of predators and/or competitors, and whether the survey area was inside or outside of a Marine Protected Area (MPA). We found no evidence that benthic cover or number of competitors were associated with dusky damselfish densities, both inside and outside MPAs. In contrast, fluctuations in dusky damselfish densities were negatively associated with the density of predators (e.g. Serranidae, Muraenidae and Scorpaenidae) in the preceding year in non-MPA areas, and both within and outside of MPAs when predator densities were high (2005–2010). These results suggest that healthy predator populations may be important for regulating the abundances of keystone species, such as algal farming damselfish, especially when predator densities are high.
Skyrmion control of Majorana states in planar Josephson junctions
Authors: Mohanta Narayan , Okamoto Satoshi , Dagotto Elbio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPlanar Josephson junctions provide a versatile platform, alternative to the nanowire-based geometry, for the generation of the Majorana bound states, due to the additional phase tunability of the topological superconductivity. The proximity induction of chiral magnetism and superconductivity in a two-dimensional electron gas showed remarkable promise to manipulate topological superconductivity. Here, we consider a Josephson junction involving a skyrmion crystal and show that the chiral magnetism of the skyrmions can create and control the Majorana bound states without the requirement of an intrinsic Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Interestingly, the Majorana bound states in our geometry are realized robustly at zero phase difference at the junction. The skyrmion radius, being externally tunable by a magnetic field or a magnetic anisotropy, brings a unique control feature for the Majorana bound states.
Front-induced transitions control THz waves
Authors: Schiff-Kearn Aidan W. , Gingras Lauren , Bernier Simon , Chamanara Nima , Agarwal Kartiek , Ménard Jean-Michel , Cooke David G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRelativistically moving dielectric perturbations can be used to manipulate light in new and exciting ways beyond the capabilities of traditional nonlinear optics. Adiabatic interaction with the moving front modulates the wave simultaneously in both space and time, and manifests a front-induced transition in both wave vector and frequency yielding exotic effects including non-reciprocity and time-reversal. Here we introduce a technique called SLIPSTREAM, Spacetime Light-Induced Photonic STRucturEs for Advanced Manipulation, based on the creation of relativistic fronts in a semiconductor-filled planar waveguide by photoexcitation of mobile charge carriers. In this work, we demonstrate the capabilities of SLIPSTREAM for the manipulation of terahertz (THz) light pulses through relativistic front-induced transitions. In the sub-luminal front velocity regime, we generate temporally stretched THz waveforms, with a quasi-static field lasting for several picoseconds tunable with the front interaction distance. In the super-luminal regime, the carrier front outpaces the THz pulse and a time-reversal operation is performed via a front-induced intra-band transition. We anticipate our platform will be a versatile tool for future applications in the THz spectral band requiring direct and advanced control of light at the sub-cycle level.
Chopart- und Lisfranc-Luxationsverletzungen – operative Zugangswege, Lagerungstechniken sowie intraoperative Erfolgskontrolle
Authors: Rinas Ingmar , Mittlmeier Thomas 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungEine hohe Zahl von Kombinationsverletzungen der Fußwurzel wird primär nicht erkannt (20 – 25%). Insbesondere Luxationsfrakturen sind folgenschwere Verletzungen und können mit erheblichen funktionellen Einschränkungen verbunden sein. Eine suffiziente Primärdiagnostik beinhaltet Standardröntgenaufnahmen des Fußes in 3 Ebenen. Bei klinischem Verdacht sollte die Indikation zur erweiterten Schnittbildgebung mittels Computertomografie mit multiplanaren Rekonstruktionen großzügig gestellt werden. Die physiologische Rekonstruktion der Gelenkstrukturen und Lagebeziehungen der medialen zur zentralen und lateralen Fußsäule sowie die Erfassung und Therapie ligamentärer Instabilitäten sind elementare Bestandteile einer adäquaten Behandlung. Können diese Prinzipien nicht erreicht werden, sind Korrekturarthrodesen im Verlauf unvermeidlich. Mittels Bildverstärker können latente Instabilitäten auch im Stresstest dynamisch untersucht werden. Bei chronischen Beschwerden können
Belastungsaufnahmen im Stehen helfen, Instabilitäten und Fehlstellungen zu erkennen.
Reducing the Risk of Preterm Preeclampsia: Comparison of Two First Trimester Screening and Treatment Strategies in a Single Centre in Switzerland
Authors: Amylidi-Mohr Sofia , Kubias Jakub , Neumann Stefanie , Surbek Daniel , Risch Lorenz , Raio Luigi , Mosimann Beatrice 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction First trimester screening for preeclampsia (PE) is based on the combined risks model. Recent trials demonstrate that variations in multiple of the medians (MoMs) of the screening markers influence the performance of the algorithm in different populations. The aim of this study is to compare the performance of the algorithm in two cohorts with different prevention strategies.
Material and Methods All first trimester screening tests performed between January 2014 and April 2020 were included. Up to June 2017 pregnancies with a risk > 1 : 200 for early-onset PE (eoPE) were considered at risk and received 100 mg of aspirin (strategy A). From July 2017 onwards, pregnancies with a risk > 1 : 100 for preterm PE (pPE) received 150 mg of aspirin (strategy B). We compared the screen positive rates (SPR) and incidence of PE between the two screening approaches. Statistical analysis were performed with Graphpad 8.0.
Results 3552 pregnancies were included; 1577 pregnancies were screened according to strategy A, 1975 pregnancies according to strategy B. The screen positive rate (SPR) for strategy A and B was 8.9 and 16.9% respectively (p < 0.0001) while the incidence of PE was 1.41 and 1.84% respectively (p = ns).
Conclusion With a SPR of less than 10% we achieved a remarkably low rate of PE in our population, no further reduction in PE could be achieved by an increase in the SPR and LDA-prescription during the second screening period. The cut-off to define a pregnancy at risk for PE should be tailored to keep the SPR below 10% to avoid unnecessary treatment with aspirin.
Telemedizin bei Herzinsuffizienz – Translation von klinischen Studien in die Regelversorgung
Authors: Hiddemann Meike , Prescher Sandra , Koehler Kerstin , Koehler Friedrich 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungFür telemedizinische Mitbetreuung von Patient*innen mit chronischer Herzinsuffizienz besteht Evidenz bezüglich der Senkung von Letalität und kardiovaskulärer Morbidität. Nach aktuellem Beschluss des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses (G-BA) wird erstmals eine digitale Methode in die Regelversorgung überführt. Hochrisikopatient*innen mit reduzierter linksventrikulärer Ejektionsfraktion haben künftig einen Leistungsanspruch, entweder mittels aktiver Implantate (ICD, CRT-P und CRT-D) oder mittels telemedizinischer Heimmessgeräte betreut zu werden. Die Indikation zum Telemonitoring stellt der/die primär behandelnde Arzt/Ärztin (PBA). Der tägliche Vitaldatentransfer erfolgt an ein kardiologisch geführtes Telemedizinzentrum (TMZ), welches den/die PBA bei auffälligen Befunden zeitnah benachrichtigt. Der/die PBA entscheidet im Einzelfall über den Bedarf einer telemedizinischen 24/7-Mitbetreuung. Ein/e kardiologische/r PBA mit einer TMZ-Infrastruktur kann die telemedizinische
Mitbetreuung der eigenen Patient*innen übernehmen.
Supraspinatus Tendon Changes and Glenohumeral Range of Motion in
College Baseball Players
Authors: Ishigaki Tomonobu , Hirokawa Motoki , Ezawa Yuya , Yamanaka Masanori 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBaseball players commonly show altered glenohumeral range of motion during
internal rotation, external rotation, total rotation, and horizontal adduction.
These altered ranges of motion appear to be associated with throwing shoulder
injuries, which frequently involve the supraspinatus tendons; thus, we aimed to
examine the relationship between altered glenohumeral range of motion and
supraspinatus tendon changes in collegiate baseball players. To investigate this
association using the Pearson correlation coefficient, we measured glenohumeral
internal rotation, external rotation, total rotation, and horizontal adduction
ranges of motion and supraspinatus tendon thickness in 22 college baseball
players. Consequently, there was a significant relationship between increase in
supraspinatus tendon thickness and greater deficit of internal rotation
(r=–0.520, P=0.013). Increased
supraspinatus tendon thickness tended to be associated with greater external
rotation gain (r=0.394, P=0.073). No other range
of motion had any relationship with supraspinatus tendon changes. These results
might indicate that restricted glenohumeral internal rotation and excessive gain
in external rotation increase the risk of supraspinatus tendon abnormalities in
baseball players.
Recurrent Olfactory Groove Meningioma Filling the Nasal Cavity: A Case Report and Technical Video
Authors: Mastronardi Luciano , Corrivetti Francesco , Bevilacqua Pio , Roperto Raffaelino , Sufianov Albert 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Meningiomas are usually benign tumors and account for 15% of the overall intracranial tumors. Less than 3% of them extend up to the sinonasal region.
Case Report A 61-year-old woman, operated on for a huge olfactory meningioma 8 years before, came for progressive nasal obstruction. On physical examination, a mass that completely obliterated the right nasal passage was detected. A c.e. cranial MRI confirmed the presence of an enhancing mass completely occupying the right nostril, without intracranial extension. A biopsy of the mass revealed a meningioma (WHO grade I) and the patient was admitted to our department for the surgical removal of the endonasal recurrent tumor.
Results The meningioma was approached and excised by endonasal endoscopic approach using a microdebrider and electrocautery. A linear residual of tumor was left attached to the previous anterior skull base’ vascularized galeal flap, in order to avoid a communication with the intracranial compartment and a possible cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient immediately referred an improvement in breathing. A c.e. postoperative MRI confirmed the nearly total removal of tumor.
Conclusions We present a video with the most relevant steps of transnasal endoscopic surgical removal of a quite rare case of a recurrent olfactory groove meningioma, completely obliterating the right nostril.
Evaluation of Erythrocytes Magnetized Technology for Measurement of ABO Isoagglutinin Titers
Authors: Chopra Parul , Bhardwaj Sunanda , Samkaria Ajay , Amoli Asha , Arora Anil 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background A variation in the measurement of ABO antibody titer has been seen among different laboratories due to lack of standardization. In our study, we aim to evaluate automated ABO isoagglutinin titer measurements by erythrocytes magnetized technology (EMT) and compare with conventional tube technique (TT).
Methods We performed ABO isoagglutinin titration on samples received in a reference laboratory during a period of 2 months. A total of 134 tests for immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer and 116 for immunoglobulin M (IgM) for anti-A or anti-B were included in the study. Samples were processed for ABO isoagglutination titers by both TT and EMT by QWALYS-3 (DIAGAST, France). Microsoft Excel was used to compile data, for all calculations, and to draw graphs and plots. The number and percentage of cases within ±1, ±2, or ±3 titer difference (TT-EMT) were calculated.
Results Median titers and their ranges obtained by EMT were higher or equal to those by TT for all IgM and IgG ABO-antibodies in all blood group (BGs), except anti-A IgM in (BG) O that was lower by EMT (32 [4:128]) than TT (48 [8:256]). One twenty one (121/134, 90.3%) cases of IgG titer showed an agreement by both methods (within ± one titer difference). One hundred seven cases (107/116, 92.2%) for IgM titer were within one titer difference by both the methods.
Conclusion Results of titration by EMT-based automated instrument QWALYS-3 and conventional TT may vary by one titer dilution in the majority of cases. Use of consistent method for patient management is, therefore, advised.
Cell contact guidance via sensing anisotropy of network mechanical resistance
Authors: Thrivikraman Greeshma , Jagiełło Alicja , Lai Victor K. , Johnson Sandra L. , Keating Mark , Nelson Alexander , Schultz Billianne , Wang Connie M. , Levine Alex J. , Botvinick Elliot L. , Tranquillo Robert T. 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Cell contact guidance in aligned fibers is, in many ways, a final frontier in directed cell migration. Despite its ubiquitous importance in normal/pathological processes, notably metastasis from solid tumors, and scaffold design for tissue engineering/regenerative medicine, the signal that induces contact guidance in an aligned fiber network has defied elucidation. We report definitive demonstration of a biophysical signal sensed by fibroblasts cultured within aligned fibrils: mechanical resistance anisotropy, the resistance resulting from viscous and elastic properties of fibril network to pseudopod protrusion/retraction and how it differs in different directions (anisotropy). This discovery is of fundamental importance to understanding contact guidance, providing a rationale, currently lacking, for future studies of the intracellular signal transduction/response pathways for physiologically relevant contact guidance.
POU4F3 pioneer activity enables ATOH1 to drive diverse mechanoreceptor differentiation through a feed-forward epigenetic mechanism
Authors: Yu Haoze V. , Tao Litao , Llamas Juan , Wang Xizi , Nguyen John D. , Trecek Talon , Segil Neil 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Embryonic development relies on a hierarchy of transcription factor expression and chromatin structure changes to establish unique patterns of gene expression in different cell types. The mechanisms regulating these changes are poorly understood. We compared two mechanosensory cell types, inner ear hair cells and epidermal Merkel cells, to demonstrate a feed-forward mechanism involving the transcription factors ATOH1, a “master regulator” of differentiation, and POU4F3 during mechanosensory differentiation. We show that downstream POU4F3 pioneer factor activity allows ATOH1 to access much of its enhancer network in developmentally closed chromatin. Our data suggest this shared feed-forward mechanism preceded the evolutionary divergence of hair cells and Merkel cells from an ancient mechanosensory receptor type and thus may have enabled their divergence.