bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of a three-dimensional model of the intake system of an agricultural tractor engine
Authors: Zholobov L A , Pasin A V , Novozhilov A I , Korobkov M P 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe paper defines the nature and parameters of the air flow after passing the throttle valve. This research problem was solved mathematically using a software package for modeling gas-hydraulic processes. The simulation was carried out using the FlowVision software package. For this purpose, using various standard file formats, the geometry was obtained and imported, which is understood as a three-dimensional model of the internal volumes of the engine-intake and exhaust pipelines, the over-piston volume of the cylinder, etc. This allows you to use the SolidWorks computer-aided design system to create a computational domain. For the area of calculation, the volume was adopted, in which the equations of the mathematical model and the volume boundary with the definition of boundary conditions were determined. The resulting geometry is saved in the format supported by FlowVision and used when creating a new calculation variant.
Diffusion of a hydrophobisis composition in the structure of chrome skin and the influence of them on hygienic properties
Authors: Djuraev Abdujalil , Kodirov Tulkin , Shoyimov Shokhrukh , Sodikov Nuriddin , Usmanov Khalil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The main results of the study of the diffusion of the hydrophobic composition in the structure of chrome leather for the upper of the shoe are presented. In our work, the main objects for research were: acrylic emulsion A-1, polyvinyl ethinyl dihydroxychlorosilane, industrial oil IA-20, penetrator and widely used polyethyl hydrosiloxane. Based on them, a composition of water repellents was prepared in various initial ratios. Water repellents were prepared by sequentially mixing the above materials at a temperature of 20–22, ° C for 3-4 hours. When studying the effect of the mass fraction of polyvinyl ethynyl dihydroxychlorosilane mixed with synthetic polymers on the viscosity of systems, it was found that all obtained with increasing temperature have a smooth decrease in viscosity. The increase in the viscosity of the mixture is explained by the fact that a significant amount of halogen and hydroxyl groups contained in the polyvinyl ethinyl dihydroxychlorosilane macromolecules apparently contribute to the formation of sufficiently strong intermolecular bonds between the individual components in which aggregation can occur, with the formation of composite compounds. The experiments also indicate that the samples, previously moistened with a control water repellent, have a higher value of the moisture absorption index. However, after 6-10 cycles, this indicator of skin samples, previously moistened with water, gradually stabilizes. This is obviously due to the fact that water in subsequent processes in contact with the skin form rather strong bonds with the structural elements of the dermis. Therefore, the wetness of chrome leather for the upper of the shoe is reduced, as a result of which the water resistance of the upper of the shoe is increased.
Uncertainty of the first type in industrial ecology
Authors: Gazya G V , Eskov V M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The effect of low-frequency electromagnetic fields on the human body of those working in the North of the Russian Federation in many cases remains difficult to identify. The reaction of the cardiovascular system to this factor in many cases is rather difficult to register within the framework of traditional statistics. However, it is possible to use artificial neural networks in two new modes. In this case, for each feature separation procedure xi(t), we set the initial values of the weights wio of the features xi(t) chaotically, i.e. wio ∈ (0, 1). We repeat the neural network setup many times (at least 1000 iterations) and the resulting samples xi(t) are ranked. If the weights wi after 1000 iterations show values above the statistical mean <wj> ≥ 0.05, then such j-th features can be considered the main (or order parameters). As a result, we have now formalized the procedure for finding the order parameters, that is, we have formalized the system synthesis (finding the main features).
Thermodynamic values of the adsorption of methanol and ethanol molecules in zeolite NH4ZSM-5
Authors: Abdulkhaev Tolibjon , Kuldasheva Shakhnoza , Raximova Gulnara , Aripova Mukarram , Toshev Sherzod 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Differential heats, isotherm, entropies and thyromimetics of methanol and ethanol adsorption in the NH4ZSM-5 zeolite were measured at 303K. The isotherm of adsorption was quantitatively reproduced on the basis of TVOM theory. The detailed mechanism of methanol and ethanol adsorption in (NH4)1,35ZSM-5 zeolite from zero filling to saturation was discovered.
Promising methods of chemical melioration of mobile soils and sands using composition from local structuring formers
Authors: Adizova Nargiza , Abdurakhimov Saidakbar , Kuldasheva Shakhnoza , Axmadjonov Ilxomjon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
An analysis of the literature on the preparation of fixers for mobile saline sands and their use in various regions showed that the selection of the structure former should be carried out taking into account their climatic characteristics, composition and properties of the fixed dispersions, their subsequent use in breeding the corresponding flora, etc. At the same time, the forming crust (film) must have a certain mechanical strength that does not interfere with the further growth of the planted plants. Moreover, the use of industrial waste as additives will not only reduce the cost of production and use of the developed fixers, but also allow them to be disposed of without causing damage to the ecology of the region.
Features of the chemical composition and colloidal-chemical properties of local clays of Uzbekistan and their comparison with other clays
Authors: Toshev Sherzod , Obidov Hamid 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article examines the study of the chemical composition and colloidal-chemical properties of local clays of Uzbekistan and their comparison with other clays. As well as the features of the chemical composition and colloidal - chemical properties of local palygorskite clays. The distinctive features of the chemical composition and properties of local palygorskite clays of the Navai deposit (Uzbekistan) in comparison with the Cherkassky palygorskite (Ukraine) have been studied. Palygorskite clays are considered a valuable raw material for the production of special types of drilling fluids used in drilling deep salt-bearing formations.
Development of a selective carbon monoxide sensor
Authors: Abdurakhmanov E , Sidikova Kh G , Muradova Z B , Abdurakhmanova Z E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, the regularities of the oxidation of combustible substances (H2, CO, CH4, and gasoline vapors) in the presence of metal oxides are revealed and catalysts for the sensitive elements of selective carbon monoxide sensors are selected on their basis. The possibility of creating a highly selective sensor using measuring and compensating heat-sensitive elements containing catalysts of different activity to the components of gas mixtures has been experimentally confirmed. The main characteristics of the developed selective carbon monoxide sensors are evaluated. The use of such sensors reduces the error of analysis, increases the instrument readings’ stability and service life, and improves reproducibility and selectivity in the continuous automatic determination of gas components in the measurement area.
Fractional composition of the waste yellow oil
Authors: Tilloev Lochin , Dustov Khamro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this article, the authors study the separation of the oily part of the waste oil yellow yellow oil into fractions by driving it on special drive with electric heater, as well as the refractive index of the separated fractions. The fractional composition of yellow oil is given in the table. Based on the results, recommendations are given for the use of the extracted fractions in various industries.
Reduction the viscosity of oil-slime emulsions of heavy oils using gas condensate
Authors: Ochilov Abdurakhim , Sattorov Mirvokhid , Yamaletdinova Aygul , Bokieva Shakhnoza 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
For breakdown of each type of stable oil-water and oil-slime emulsions, individual approaches for selection of effective emulsion breakers or their compositions with the determination of optimal conditions for their use are required. Solution to such a complex problem is achieved using integrated approach that includes a number of colloidal-chemical, technological and other research methods. In this case, we offer technology of dehydration and desalting of stable water-oil and oil-slime emulsions using the created compositions of emulsion breakers and viscosity-lowering agent, i.e. gas condensate.
Development of a selective sensor for the determination of hydrogen
Authors: Abdurakhmanov E , Murodova Z B , Eshkobilova M E , Sidikova Kh G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The composition of the catalyst (70% ZrO2 and 30% Cu2O) and the optimal conditions for the selectivity of hydrogen oxidation in the presence of combustible ingredients have been developed. Using a selected catalyst and optimal conditions, selective thermocatalytic hydrogen sensors are manufactured. In the range of hydrogen concentrations of 0.11 – 4.10% vol. the dependence of the sensor signal on the concentration is rectilinear. With continuous operation of the sensor for 1000 hours, the signal value remains stable. The presence of carbon monoxide (up to 1.4%), ammonia (up to 1.7%), and methane (up to 1.2%) in the analyzed mixture does not affect the value of the output signal of the hydrogen sensor. The developed sensors can be used as part of automatic gas analyzers and signaling devices.
Comprehensive analysis of the treatment plant operation
Authors: Kurbangaleeva M Kh , Giniyatullin R Kh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Comparison of the content of manganese (II) andiron (III) ion sin river water and waste water, taking in to account the differentiation of the annual cycle, is carried out. It will allow moving to a comprehensive analysis of the treatment plant. The efficiency checking of the reduction of manganese (II) and iron (III) for a certain period was carried out, taking into account the constant consumption of the volume of water. The efficiency of wastewater treatment from manganese (II) ions is on average 31%, from iron (III) ions - 35%. The results obtained indicate the need for additional measures aimed at minimizing the content of manganese (II) and iron (III) ions in the process waters before the treatment plant. To minimize the content of these ions, it is necessary to select an effective and economic mode for purifying process waters. Purification of process waters from ions of manganese (II) and iron (III) was carried out using the following reagents: potassium permanganate; sodium sulfide; soda ash and sodium phosphate in stage-to-stage processing; suspensions of strong as well as weak milk of lime and brine sludge. For the purification of process waters from ions of manganese (II) and iron (III), industrial waste was proposed: the suspension of weak lime milk obtained after washing large quenching waste(large green coke - incompletely burned material) and used for transporting small quenching waste (small waste) to the sludge collector channel, and brine sludge suspension.
Pharmacological effects at the chronic administration of Melilotus officinalis L. extract
Authors: Schepetova E V , Abdurakhmanova N M , Lomteva N A , Kondratenko E I , Kasimova S K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We studied the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Melilotus officinalis L. after chronic administration to male rats. In Melilotus officinalis L. contains flavonoids, polysarides, triterpene saponins, ascorbic acid, coumarins, tannins. To study the pharmacological action, a biochemical analysis of blood and urine, a hematological blood test, a study of the coagulation system and behavioral properties in the Suok test were carried out. Chronic administration of the Melilotus officinalis L. extract led to a decrease in patterns of orientation-exploratory behavior, an increase in the level of anxiety. The activity of such enzymes as AST and alkaline phosphatase under long-term administration of the Melilotus officinalis L. significantly increased, while the activity of ALT decreased, in addition, there was a significant increase in blood coagulation. Thus, chronic administration of the extract to laboratory animals for 21 days revealed its toxic effect, manifested in liver disorders, changes in the blood coagulation system, and a decrease in pattern-research behavior.
Growth and formation of cones of 56-year-old Siberian Cedar trees in geographical plantings
Authors: Matveeva R N , Butorova O F , Schenmaier N A , Dyrdin S N 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The variability of the Siberian cedar in terms of the intensity of growth and yield, growing on the site “Continuation of the geoschool” in the suburban area of Krasnoyarsk, is considered. The trees were grown from the seeds of the Tanzybei (Krasnoyarsk Territory) and the Altai (Altai Republic) populations. The layout is 4×4 m. The height, diameter of the trunk, crown, and the number of cones on the tree have been determined. It was found that the average height of trees of different geographical origin is 11.5 and 12.9 m, the trunk diameter is 24.6 and 25.2 cm, respectively. The level of variability of growth indicators is medium and high. The number of cones on the tree ranged from 10 to 159. Trees were selected that differ in growth intensity and yield for the cultivation of selective planting material.
Influence of river water expansion on the spatial distribution of chlorophyll-a in the Kara Sea
Authors: Makarevich P R , Vodopianova V V , Bulavina A S , Vashenko P S , Makhotin M S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In August-September 2013, the thermohaline characteristics of water masses and the concentration of chlorophyll-a were studied in the Kara Sea. Expansion of surface desalinated water to the north, according to the central type, influenced the spatial distribution of chlorophyll. Beyond the boundary of the Stock Front, the average pigment concentration in the surface layer was 0.45±0.16 mg/m3. In the area affected by the surface desalinated layer, most of the chlorophyll (0 m – 1.04±0.27 mg/m3, 5 m – 0.97±0.27 mg/m3, 10 m – 0.69±0.36 mg/m3) was localized within this layer (10-17 m). High concentrations were observed in the bays of the Kara Sea. The maximum concentration of chlorophyll-a in the surface layer of the Ob Bay was 4.22 mg/m3, in the Yenisei Bay – 3.22 mg/m3.
Modernization of state and legal regulation for the conservation of biodiversity
Authors: Babaeva A A , Kubrikova A S , Safronov V V , Farafontova E L , Shcheblyakov E S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the presented work, an attempt is made to consider the legal genesis of the current legislation in the field of environmental relations, due to the dynamics of legal regulation of the state’s activities for the conservation of biological diversity in the territory of the Russian Federation. The aspect of the implementation of environmental functions assigned to the state, aimed at achieving goals for the conservation of biodiversity, is highlighted. Research into the issue of state legal regulation for the conservation of biological diversity on the territory of the country is based, first of all, on regulatory legal acts that should establish norms, principles, requirements that give rise to the entire legal implementation process. In the proposed materials, the authors drew attention to the range of state and legal regulation of environmental relations over the past three years, since it is recently that national legislation in the field of ensuring the conservation of biodiversity has been dynamically developing. This allows to speak about the creation of a regulatory framework, which can become a proper organizational and legal instrument in the system for the implementation of environmental rights, the legitimate interests of a person, society and the state.
Choosing of the basic material in the millet breeding based on the recombination ability assessment
Authors: Kamaleev R D , Novikova A A , Zorov A A , Lebedev S V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The recombination ability of the breeding material is an important feature that must be taken into account when cultivars involve in hybridization. The recombination ability of the basic seed millet material was established based on the analysis of long-term data on cross-breeding combinations and the output of promising lines in a competitive test. The analysis showed that not all varieties of the Orenburg breeding, both in direct and reverse crosses, had a high coefficient of recombination potential. Based on the results obtained, the varieties that are better included in the hybridization as the mother line were identified, since the coefficient of recombination ability is higher in direct crosses. Also there were varieties which is advisable to inclusion in the breeding process only in reverse crosses.
The natural flora in landscaping the city of Krasnoyarsk
Authors: Antipova E M , Antipova S V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The dynamics of flora in urbanized areas is associated with the problem of biodiversity conservation, as one of the key problems of global ecology. The unification of the natural environment of cities leads to a loss of diversity inherent in natural flora, synanthropization of vegetation cover, depletion of the gene pool of aboriginal flora, cosmopolitanization and unification of flora, a decrease in the potential for evolution, artificial impoverishment of phylogenesis, phylocenogenesis and biotogenesis. The city of Krasnoyarsk is a large administrative centre of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, one of the largest industrial, scientific and cultural centres in Siberia. It stretches from west to east for 18–20 km along the left bank and up to 25 km along the right bank of the river. The Yenisei with a building depth of 3–4 km on both banks of the river, where the areas built up many decades ago are combined with new peripheral areas, the development of which began 10–15 years ago and is still ongoing. Currently, the area of the city is about 400 km2. The comfort of the urban environment is made up of a variety of components, among which wildlife objects - parks, squares, urban forests, river floodplains and the rivers themselves, swamp ecosystems - are the most important for urban residents, both from an ecological and socio-psychological point of view. The purpose of the article is to present one of the modern bioecological technologies for the improvement of the urban human environment. It is proposed to identify the species composition of 14 plant communities used for landscaping and the formation of a comfortable urban environment in Krasnoyarsk by creating natural parks on the embankment of the Yenisei River.
Toxicity of metal chelates mixture in aquatic environment at Danio rerio
Authors: Nikiforov-Nikishin D L , Kochetkov N I , Smorodinskaya S V , Tatarenko P Yu , Matveeva D M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the toxic effect of a complex chelate mixture containing microelements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Se, I, Cu) on Danio rerio was investigated. Chelated compounds are used to detoxify elements in the aquatic environment, as well as feed additives for various types of farm animals. The effect of chelate complexes was studied according to the following parameters: LC50, survival in chronic experience (30 days), embryotoxicity and genotoxicity by the micronucleus test method. The established LC50 value was 2.73 mg/l, the maximum allowable concentration that does not have a negative effect on adults fish and eggs was 0.5 mg/l. The genotoxic effect on erythrocytes of fish blood was not found in the entire range of sublethal concentrations. Comparison of the data obtained on the toxicity in this study allows asserting that the toxicity of chelates is lower than that of the ionic forms of the elements, subject to their complex effect. To accurately determine the safe level of exposure to chelates, additional studies on other organisms of the hydrobiocenosis are required.
Communities of herpetobional invertebrate agroecosystems at different levels of intensification
Authors: Maksimovich K Y , Khodakova A V , Novikov E A , Zhuchaev K V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Human economic activity, including agriculture, leads to an inevitable decrease in the biodiversity of natural fauna and flora, both in the cultivated areas and in the surrounding natural ecosystems. The degree of these violations depends on a number of factors, including the agrotechnical measures used and the level of chemicalization. The species composition has been researched and the characteristics of the ecological structure of herpetobiont invertebrates in areas with crops of grain crops differing in the level of chemicalization and adjacent virgin areas with natural vegetation are given. It was revealed that the most numerous orders in areas with extensive and intensive cultivation technologies are: Coleoptera (Carabidae), Opiliones (Phalangiidae) and Hymenoptera (Formicidae). It has been established that geographically adjacent agrocenoses, which differ in terms of the level of anthropogenic impact, and their border areas, are similar in their species composition. At the same time, an increase in the level of intensification of the cultivated areas leads to a significant restructuring of the structure of communities of terrestrial invertebrates. The dynamic density of most species in areas with intensive processing technology was lower than in fields with a low background of chemicalization. Also, in areas with intensive technology, a decrease in species richness and a decrease in the relative number of dominant groups were noted. Low values of the diversity index in areas with extensive cultivation technology compared to not cultivated, border areas indicate an uneven distribution of invertebrate groups in these areas.
Anatomical structure of the leaf of Filipéndula hexapetala
Authors: Ochirova S S , Dordzhieva V I , Boskhomdzhieva E D , Kolivaev B B 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The study is devoted to the study of the anatomical structure of the leaf blades of Filipendula hexapetala, growing in the middle mountain belt in the territory of the Kamyshanova Polyana nature reserve, Krasnodar Territory, at an altitude of more than 1200 meters above sea level. Six-petaled meadowsweet can be considered as a valuable medicinal, melliferous, fodder and ornamental plant. In the work, the structure of the mesophyll is established and the differences between the upper and lower epidermis are considered, the sizes of the main cells and the relative volumes of the tissues of the plate are determined. All research results are reflected in the anatomical drawings, which are presented in the work. A feature of the blades is the presence of both signs of leaves of scyophyte plants and signs of leaf blades of heliophyte plants. The research results can be used in further studies of the genus Filipendula in the field of botany, physiology, and ecological anatomy of plants.