bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone marrow derived CD 34+ cells and leukocytes in 729 children and adults with non-malignant diseases
Authors: Pabinger Christof , Laky Brenda , Heuberer Philipp R. , Kobinia Georg S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To our knowledge, no large studies reporting bone marrow (BM) derived cell counts of children and adults with non-malignant diseases have been published so far. Thus, the primary objective was to evaluate BM-derived CD34+ and leukocyte cell counts in 729 female and male patients of different age groups who underwent autologous cell-based therapy for non-malignant diseases. Methods: For this study, a retrospective data analysis of laboratory parameters including BM-aspirated and post-centrifuge concentrated CD34+ cells and leukocytes was performed. Associations and differences of cell counts between age groups, gender, and diagnose related group were evaluated.Results: Included were data of 187 female and 542 male patients aged between 2 and 75 years, who underwent autologous cell-based therapy for various non-malignant diseases. The median percentage of CD34+ cells of leukocytes was 1.10% in BM-aspirate (BMA) and 0.96% in post-centrifuge BMA concentrate (BMAC). Significant moderate positive correlations were observed between CD34+ cells (count/µl) and leukocytes (count/µl) in BMA and in BMAC. Significant strong negative correlations were detected between age (years) and CD34+ cells (count/µl/kg) in BMA and in BMAC. No significant differences regarding CD34+ cells (count/µl) in BMA were detected between adults, while significant differences regarding cell counts were detected between diagnose related groups, but not between females and males.Conclusions: This study demonstrated BM-derived CD34+ and leukocyte cell counts in BMA and BMAC of 729 patients with various non-malignant diseases. While BM-derived CD34+ cells were significantly higher in younger patients, similar cell counts were detected within adults.
COVID-19’s Impact on Eating Disorder and Mental Health Concerns in Patients with Eating Disorders
Authors: Vitagliano Julia A. , Jhe Grace , Milliren Carly , Lin Jessica A. , Spigel Rebecca , Freizinger Melissa , Woods Elizabeth R. , Forman Sara F. , Richmond Tracy K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic dramatically transformed daily life for adolescents and young adults, altering social and physical environments. Previous research has shown such shifts in daily life to be especially challenging for people living with eating disorders (ED). However, the extent of this environmental change on ED symptoms and mental health (MH) has been relatively unexplored in patients with EDs. This study examines the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on ED and MH symptoms and motivation for ED recovery in adolescents/young adults.
Methods

Participants were enrollees in the Registry of Eating Disorders and their Co-morbidities OVER time in Youth (RECOVERY) who responded to an additional survey (n = 89) in July 2020 to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants reported concerns of their ED worsening due to living in a “triggering environment” due to the pandemic as well as COVID-related changes in intrusive ED thoughts, depression, anxiety, isolation, and motivation to recover. Logistic regression models, adjusted for age and ED diagnosis, examined the association of triggering environment with MH and ED symptoms.
Results

The majority of respondents reported concern for “triggering environment” (63%), as well as increased ED thoughts (74%) and feelings of anxiety (77%), depression (73%), and isolation (80%) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nearly one-third reported decrease in motivation to recover (29%). After adjusting for age and ED diagnosis, participants who reported triggering environment had nearly 18 times the odds of decreased motivation to recover (OR 18.1; 95% CI 3.37–97.4, p = 0.003) and nearly 24 times the odds of increased ED thoughts (OR 23.8; 95% CI 4.31–131.6, p < 0.001) compared to those who did not report a triggering environment.
Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate the negative impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the self-reported MH and ED symptoms in patients with EDs, particularly in those who report concern for a negative environmental change. These results underscore the need for heightened monitoring of patients with EDs during the pandemic.
Ameliorations in the Biomarker Indices of Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerotic Plaque by the Inhibition of HMG – CoA Reductase and Antioxidant Potential of Phytoconstituents of an Aqueous Seed Extract of Acacia Senegal (L.) Willd in Rabbits
Authors: Charan Jaykaran , Riyad Priyanka , Ram Heera , Purohit Ashok , Ambwani Sneha , Kashyap Priya , Kumar Suresh , Singh Garima , Alqarawi Abdulaziz A , Hashem Abeer , Al-Arjani Al-Bandari Fahad , Alsayed Mashail Fahd S. , Abd_Allah Elsayed Fathi , Kumar Ashok , Panwar Anil 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The HMG-CoA inhibitor are used to control adverse cardiovascular event caused by Hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidaemia. The current study was aimed to evaluate the ability of phytoconstituents of an aqueous seed extract of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and regress the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. Methods: The chemical fingerprinting of the test extract was assessed by LC-MS. Consequently, the assessments of in-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico were performed by following the standard methods.Results: The in-vitro assessment of the test extract revealed 74.1 % inhibition potential of HMG-CoA reductase. In-vivo evaluations of the test extract indicated that treated hypercholesterolemic rabbits exhibited a significant (𝑃 ≤ 0.001) ameliorations in the biomarker indices of the dyslipidaemia, such as the atherogenic index, Castelli risk index (I&II), atherogenic coefficient along with lipid profile. Concomitantly, significant reductions were observed in the atherosclerotic plaque area and antioxidants. The in-silico study of molecular docking shown interactions capabilities of key phytoconstituents of the test extract with target protein of HMG-CoA reductase which further validated by the molecular dynamics through potentail energy, NPT, NVT, RSMD and others. Subsequently, the ADMET analysis shown ideal druggability. Conclusion: The results indicate that phytoconstituents of an aqueous seed extract of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. could inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and improve the levels of antioxidants activity that may reduce symptoms associated with hypercholesterolemia.
Long non-coding RNA RMRP promotes human glioma tumor progression via miR-466/CXCR4 pathway
Authors: Zhang Jie , He Ling , Xia Xun , Zhang Lie , Wang Enren 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) RMRP has been confirmed to be associated with multiple tumor progression. However, the molecular regulatory mechanism of RMRP in human glioma was rarely elucidated.Methods: The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression levels of RMRP, microRNA-466 (miR-466) and CXCR4 in glioma tissues and cells. The ELISA-BrdU assay and flow cytometry analysis was used to perform the cell proliferation, apoptotic rate, cell cycle assay in human glioma cell lines A172 and U251 cells. The starBase v2.0 or TargetScan was used to predict the potential interactions among RMRP, miR-466 and CXCR4, and the luciferase reporter assay was performed to validate the relationship among these molecules. The western blot was used to determine the expression levels of protein associated with cell cycle and CXCR4.Results: The levels of RMRP, CXCR4 were highly expressed, but miR-466 was decreased in glioma tissues and cells. And miR-466 was verified as a direct target of RMRP and directly regulated CXCR4. RMRP expression or miR-466 inhibitor promote cell proliferation and G1/S cell cycle transition but reduced apoptotic rate in A172 and U251 cells, while RMRP promote G1/S cell cycle transition through regulating CDK4 pathway, not CDK2 pathway. And that, the introduction of CXCR4 partly counteracted these impacts. In addition, RMRP silencing and miR-466 mimic impeded xenograft tumor growth in vivo.Conclusion: RMRP enhanced glioma progression, partially through miR-466/CXCR4 pathway. The molecular regulation mechanism based on RMRP/miR-466/CXCR4 might contribute to the diagnosis of glioma and provide the effective therapeutic targets for its treatment.
The Longer the Antithyroid Drug Is Used, the Lower the Relapse Rate in Graves' Disease: a Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Park So Young , Kim Bo Hyun , Kim Mijin , Hong A Ram , Park Jun , Park Hyunju , Choi Min Sun , Kim Tae Hyuk , Kim Sun Wook , Kang Ho-Cheol , Chung Jae Hoon 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Current literature suggests 12 to 18 months of antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment for patients with Graves’ disease, but the risk of relapse is high. Although some studies reported better outcomes of long-term ATD treatment, recent data that suggest the optimal treatment duration are limited.Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 908 patients newly diagnosed with Graves’ disease between 2006 and 2013. The relapse rate according to ATD treatment duration was analyzed.Results: After initial ATD treatment, 338 patients (37.2%) had relapsed. The relapse rate according to ATD treatment duration was 42.4% at one year, 38.5% at two years, 33.8% at three years, 31.7% at four years, 30.2% at five years, 27.8% at six years, and 19.1% at more than six years, respectively, demonstrating a significant decreasing trend (P = 0.003). In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, ATD treatment duration was an independent risk factor for relapse (P = 0.043).Conclusions: The longer that ATD therapy is used, the lower the relapse rate is in patients with Graves' disease. Long-term ATD treatment may be considered in Graves’ patients who do not show complications or an economic burden from hyperthyroidism.
Testing more and earlier = better control of the epidemic and lower social costs.
Authors: Rossello Nicolas Bono , Pezzutto Matthias , Castagliuolo Ignazio , Schenato Luca , Garone Emanuele 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this note we explore the effect of the number of daily tests on an epidemics control policy purely based on testing and selective quarantine, and the impact of these actions depending on the time their application starts. Surprisingly, the results not only confirm that increasing the number of tests lowers the number of infected individuals, but also that it has a very beneficial effect limiting the number of quarantined individuals, and thus the socio-economical costs of the epidemics. The results also show that the timing in the application of the measures is as important as the measures themselves. The results suggest that fast decision making and investments to increase testing capabilities are highly rewarded not only from the public health viewpoint, but also from the socio-economical one. The study is carried out in simulation using stochastic cellular automata representing a community of 50'000 individuals. The selection of the tested individuals is carried out based on a contact tracing strategy focused on the closer contacts.
Trends in Malaria Epidemiological Factors Following the Implementation of Current Control Strategies in Dangassa, Mali
Authors: Toure Mahamoudou , Keita Moussa , Kane Fousseyni , Sanogo Daouda , Kante Salim , Konate Drissa , Diarra Ayouba , Sogoba Nafomon , Coulibaly Mamadou B , Traore Sekou F , Diakite Mahamadou , Shaffer Jeffrey G. , Krogstad Donald J , Doumbia Seydou O. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Over the past decade, three strategies have reduced severe malaria cases and deaths in endemic regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas, specifically: 1] artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), 2] insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) , and 3] intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in pregnancy (IPTp. The rationale for this study was to examine communities in Dangassa, Mali where in 2015 two additional control strategies were implemented: ITN universal coverage and Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) among children less than five years. Methods: This was a prospective study based on a rolling longitudinal cohort of 1,401 subjects participating in biannual smear surveys for the prevalence of asymptomatic P. falciparum infection and continuous surveillance for the incidence of human disease (uncomplicated malaria). Entomologic collections were performed to examine the intensity of transmission based on pyrethroid spray catches, human landing catches, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing for circumsporozoite antigen. Results: A total of 1,401 participants of all ages were enrolled in the study in 2012 after random sampling of households from the community census list. Prevalence of infection was extremely high in Dangassa varying from 9.5% to 62.8% at the start of the rainy season and from 15.1% to 66.7% at the end of the rainy season. Likewise, the number of vectors per house, biting rates, sporozoïtes rates and entomologic inoculation rates (EIR) were substantially greater in Dangassa. Discussion: The findings for this study are consistent with the progressive implementation of effective malaria control strategies in Dangassa. At baseline (2012-2014), prevalence of P. falciparum was above 60% followed by a significant year-to-year decease starting in 2015. Incidence of uncomplicated infected was greater among children < five years while asymptomatic infection was more frequent among the five to fourteen years old. A significant decrease in entomological inoculation rate was also observed from 2015 to 2020. Likewise, vectors’ density, sporozoïtes rates, and entomologic inoculation rates decrease substantially during the study period. Conclusion: Efficient Implementation of two main malaria prevention strategies in Dangassa substantially contribute to a reduction of both asymptomatic and symptomatic malaria in Dangassa from 2015 to 2020
Three SARS-CoV-2 reinfection cases by the new Variant of Concern (VOC) P.1/501Y.V3
Authors: Naveca Felipe , Costa Cristiano da , Nascimento Valdinete , Souza Victor , Corado André , Nascimento Fernanda , Costa Ágatha , Duarte Débora , Silva George , Mejía Matilde , Pessoa Karina , Gonçalves Luciana , Brandão Maria Júlia , Jesus Michele , Silva Marineide , Mattos Tirza , Abdalla Lígia , Santos João Hugo , Costa-Filho Rubens , Sekizuka Tsuyoshi , Itokawa Kentaro , Hashino Masanori , Kuroda Makoto , Siqueira Marilda Mendonça , Wallau Gabriel Luz , Delatorre Edson , Gräf Tiago , Bello Gonzalo , Resende Paola Cristina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.28 has been evolving in Brazil since February 2020 giving origin to multiple local clades including the new Variant of Concern (VOC) designated P.1 or 501Y.V3. The recent emergence of sub-lineages with convergent mutations in the spike (S) protein raises concern about the potential impact on viral infectivity and immune escape. We describe here the first three confirmed SARS-CoV-2 reinfections cases with the new VOC P.1 in residents of the Amazonas state, Brazil. Three female patients, 29, 40, and 50-year-old, were RT-PCR confirmed for SARS-CoV-2 on two occasions, with at least 92 days apart. Next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted to precisely access the SARS-CoV-2 lineages of each infection event. SARS-CoV-2 genomic analysis confirmed three cases of reinfections caused by the VOC P.1 in patients that were primo-infected by distinct viral lineages 3–9 months earlier. Case 1 (29-year-old) was positive on March 24, 2020 (lineage B.1.195) and then on December 30, 2020 (lineage P.1); case 2 (50-year-old) was positive on October 19, 2020 (lineage B.1.1.33) and on January 19, 2021 (lineage P.1); case 3 (40-year-old) was positive on April 22, 2020 (lineage B.1.195) and on January 29, 2021 (lineage P.1). The three patients displayed low mean Ct values (< 22) at nasopharyngeal samples and reported less severe illness during reinfection. The present study provides the first evidence of the new VOC P.1 causing multiple reinfections during the second epidemic peak in the Amazonas state. Our findings suggest that reinfected individuals may have been infectious. Although immune responses induced by natural infections do not necessarily prevent subsequent infections by the VOC P.1, they may still protect from severe disease.
Development of an engineered probiotic for the treatment of branched chain amino acid related metabolic diseases
Authors: Li Ning , Tucker Alex , Gao Jian-Rong , Renaud Lauren , James Michael , Castillo Mary , Galvan Silvia , Jain Rishi , Putman Ryan , Marr Scott , Carlin Dylan , Zimmerman Kolea , Stone Laura , Bergeron Christopher , Perreault Mylene , Boyle Patrick , Kurtz Caroline 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction arising from missing or impaired enzymes comprising the branched chain amino acid (BCAA) degradation pathway, especially those involving leucine, can result in the accumulation of toxic metabolic intermediates and cause severe metabolic disease. Removal of dietary BCAAs via their degradation by engineered microbes could be a viable approach to prevent BCAA-mediated disease sequelae. In this article, we describe the design and construction of an engineered leucine degrading strain of E. coli Nissle, the improvement of the degradation pathway through high throughput screening, and the demonstration of strain activity in animal models monitored by disease and strain-specific biomarkers. This work provides a path for the development of engineered probiotic bacterial strains as a treatment for BCAA-related metabolic disorders in humans.
The pathological features of leukemic cells infiltrating the renal interstitium in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma from a large single Chinese center
Authors: Wang Hui , Yu Xiaojuan , Zhang Xu , Wang Suxia , Zhao Minghui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is rare in Asians, and patients with CLL/SLL seldomly undergo kidney biopsy. The histopathological features and clinical relevance of tubulointerstitial injury in CLL/SLL have not been extensively charaterized. Hence, we attempted to describe the clinical characteristics, renal pathology and clinical outcome of a well-characterized population of CLL/SLL patients with CLL cell infiltration in the renal interstitium from a large single center in China.
Methods

Between January 1st, 2010 and September 31st, 2020, 31946 renal biopsy pathologies were performed at Peking University First Hospital, and 10 CLL/SLL patients with CLL cell infiltration in the renal interstitium were included. Complete clinical data were collected from these 10 patients, and renal specimens were examined by routine light microscopy, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy.
Results

The extent of the infiltrating CLL cells in patients with CLL/SLL varied among different patients and ranged from 10–90% of kidney parenchyma. Six (60%) of 10 patients presented with an extent of infiltrating CLL cells ≥ 50%. Interestingly, we found that three patients (3/10, 30%) expressed monoclonal immunoglobulins in the infiltrating CLL cells, and special cytoplasmic crystalline structures were found in two of the three patients by electron micriscopy for the first time. Severe renal insufficiency (Scr ≥ 200 µmol/L ) was associated with ≥ 50% interstitial infiltration of CLL cells in the renal interstitium.
Conclusions

The findings confirmed that CLL cells infiltrating the renal interstitium can directly secrete monoclonal immunoglobulins, indicating that the interstitial infiltrating CLL cells probably cause renal injuriy directly by secreting monoclonal immunoglobulins in situ. This finding may prove a new clue to elucidate the pathogenetic mechanism of renal injury involved with CLL/SLL .
The adhesio interthalamica as a neuroanatomical marker of structural differences in healthy adult population
Authors: Miró-Padilla Anna , Adrián-Ventura Jesús , Costumero Víctor , Palomar-García María-Ángeles , Villar-Rodríguez Esteban , Marin-Marin Lidón , Aguirre Naiara , Bueichekú Elisenda 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The adhesio interthalamica (AI) is a small midline brain structure that connects the left and right thalamus. According to in vivo data, between 2.3–22.3% of the general population lack the AI, and the question of whether this absence is more prevalent in males than in females is a matter of debate. Despite the existence of these demographic figures, it remains unclear how this distinctive feature affects healthy people, or what specific anatomic profile is related to the presence or absence of the AI. The aim of this study was to investigate whole brain gray matter (GM) volumetric differences depending on the presence or absence of the AI. A total of 240 healthy adult volunteers completed one MRI scanning session. After the AI assessment, the data from 110 participants were included in the final sample, of which 12.9% of the participants (n = 31) presented complete AI absence vs. 32.9% of participants (n = 79) who presented complete AI presence. Then, whole-brain group comparison analysis revealed that the absent AI brain, compared to the present AI brain, was associated with lower GM volume in the premotor cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, and anterior temporal cortex. Interestingly, neuroscience research has linked emotional and cognitive control brain processing to the latter two regions. The importance of these findings lies in providing a neuroanatomical profile for the absent AI brain in healthy human adults.
Hot and cold flashless forging in vertical split dies of a stepped shaft
Authors: Bulzak Tomasz , Tomczak Janusz , Pater Zbigniew 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Flashless forging is classified as a precise metal forming technology. The main advantages of this technology are the reduction of the flash allowance and the shortening of the manufacturing time by eliminating the flash trimming operation. The article presents the process of one-step forging of a stepped shaft made of aluminum with the use of split dies. The process was carried out in cold and hot metal forming conditions. The forging process was analyzed numerically using the Simufact.Forming 15.0 software. The geometrical parameters of the obtained product were analyzed, the distribution of effective strain, temperature and the standardized cracking criterion were determined. The process force parameters were also determined. Numerical tests were verified in real conditions with the use of a specially designed device for forging in vertical split dies. Comparison of hot and cold forging in vertical split dies is presented.