bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpersonal Interactions and Affect in Daily Life Among Midlife and Older Adults
Authors: Stawski Robert , Witzel Dakota , Nichols Madeline , Charles Susan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Theories of age and emotional wellbeing posit that older age is associated with better affective well-being through avoidance or minimization of distressing experiences and prioritizing positive experiences and emotions. To test these theories, researchers have examined change in affect (i.e., reactivity) associated with negative interpersonal experiences in daily diary studies, given the compromising effects these interpersonal stressors exert on daily affect. In contrast, age differences in the potential affect-enhancing effects of positive interpersonal experiences have been comparatively neglected. Using the second wave of the National Study of Daily Experiences, we evaluated age differences in the frequency of daily negative and positive interpersonal interactions, as well as the affective responses to these interpersonal interactions. Positive and negative affect, as well as negative and positive interpersonal interactions were assessed on eight consecutive evenings. Analyses included 818 participants (Mage=53.3, SD=11.8, Range=34-83; 60% female) who experienced both negative and positive interpersonal interactions during the 8-day protocol. Preliminary results revealed increased frequency of negative interpersonal interactions and decreased frequency of positive interpersonal interactions with age (ps&lt;.01). Further, negative interpersonal interactions were associated with increases in negative affect and decreases in positive affect (ps&lt;.01), while positive interpersonal interactions were associated only with increased positive affect (p&lt;.01). Finally, modest evidence of age-related reductions in the affective impact of negative, but not positive, interpersonal interactions emerged (p=.03). Discussion will focus on how studies of interpersonal interactions in daily life can inform theories of aging and promote emotional wellbeing throughout adulthood and later life.
Socioemotional Goals and Definitions of Emotion Terms: A Qualitative Analysis Across Age
Authors: Orlovsky Irina , Ready Rebecca , Martins-Klein Bruna 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Major theories of adult development posit that knowledge about emotion might evolve across the lifespan. Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST) and the Strength and Vulnerability Integration (SAVI) models imply that the manner in which older (OA) and younger adults (YA) conceptualize emotions may differ in valence, arousal, reference to social partners, time perspective, and the self. Quantitative accounts of age differences in conceptualizations of emotion-terms offer mixed support for theoretical expectations, but many predictions have yet to be tested qualitatively. In this study, 90 OA and 210 YA provided narrative descriptions of 11 (5 positive, 6 negative) emotion-terms. Responses were coded on valence, reference to self/others, and arousal. O/YA used similar synonyms to define emotion-terms. As predicted, YA used high arousal language in their definitions of negative (OR = 10.29, p = 0.018) and positive terms more than OA (i.e. Happy: OR = 1.27, p&lt;0.001); OA referenced other persons such as family and friends (pos: OR = 0.13, p&lt;0.001; neg: OA = 0.32, p=0.002) more than YA. Contrary to predictions, OA self-referenced more often than YA in positive (OR = 0.12, p=0.001) and negative definitions (OR= 0.11, p=0.004); this may be attributed to OA providing more situational examples in their responses than YA. Somewhat consistent with SAVI and SST, OA may reference high-arousal states less when conceptualizing emotions and associate their definitions more with social partners than YA. Future research should address OA greater use of situational examples when defining emotion terms, motivational factors and emotional impact of these age differences.
Aesthetics and Environment: What is the Role of Beauty in Supporting Ageing Well?
Authors: Nelson-Becker Holly , van den Heuvel Eleanor 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Access to beauty is intrinsic to psychological, social, and spiritual health. Aesthetic sensibility includes awareness initiated in both mind and emotion accessed through nurturing environments (Caspari, Eriksson, & Naden, 2011). While individual tastes vary and aesthetic preferences are culturally conditioned, an appreciation of natural and constructed beauty is fundamental to human meaning-making, creativity, and innovation (Hillman 1998). Beauty is thus an instrumental tool that may support ageing well. We investigated the question of what aesthetics/beauty meant to older adults in England, how they experienced it, and whether experiencing beauty sustained them. Three focus groups were conducted with community dwelling participants aged between 60 and 93 (median age 75) for a total N of 14. Five themes emerged related to experience: an unexpected recognition; an evolving openness to experience; a universal perception available in micro and macro environments; a force that can alleviate depression; and a relational quality of some interactions. The value of beauty was identified through all groups: participants found it difficult to imagine a world with no beauty in it. They wondered if age made discernment capacity greater. Appreciation of beauty in unexpected places like a cracked pot led participants to identify happiness and wellbeing as outcomes of perception. This study suggests that beauty is essential for wellbeing and human flourishing and can emerge in unlikely ways. Implications are that professionals should assist older people to consider the role of beauty in life and develop interventions to consciously keep beauty awakened in normal and aesthetically-deprived environments.
Multi-Sector Collaboration for Improving Home-Based Nutrition Supports: Process Findings from a Clinical Trial
Authors: Wihry David , Jain Jennifer , Crittenden Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In-home supports and proper nutrition are critical to post-acute recovery and long-term health management for adults 60 and older. At the same time, such supports are often difficult to deploy in rural settings. To address these challenges, a unique multi-sector consortia was formed between a local Area Agency on Aging, a healthcare system, a health technology company, and a university to conduct a clinical trial of a novel in-home health technology program coupled with customized chronic care nutrition support. Early stage clinical trial development required coordination across health and community-based organizations to develop a pathway for older adults to access the in-home project supports. At the conclusion of the year one, six project partners were interviewed using a semi-structured interview protocol examining the strengths of early project design and challenges inherent in the early phases of a community-based clinical trial. Thematic analysis uncovered six themes instructive in formulating efficacious clinical trial methodologies: 1) Logistical challenges related to the pandemic, including reduced patient numbers and the curtailing of in-hospital recruitment; 2) Partner collaboration as essential to designing preferred project modifications; 3) The challenge of converting project referrals into project enrollees; 4) A new appreciation among community partners regarding institutional review board requirements; 5) Recommendations for addressing emerging staffing challenges; and 6) The overriding importance of engaging older adults in their own care and health promotion post-discharge. Results will inform construction of a replicable model for establishing novel research partnerships that span healthcare, social services, the business sector, and higher education.
“All they do is walk”: Successful aging and symbolic boundaries among a self-organized mall walkers club
Authors: Pagaduan Jason 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objectives: This study examines how successful aging discourse manifests through physical and social participation among members of a self-organized mall walkers club. There is a paucity of research investigating successful aging in situ and theorizing the relationship between successful aging discourse and community participation. I draw on symbolic boundaries—a concept from cultural sociology—as a way to make sense of what mall walkers say and do. Methods: I draw on data from 15 months of participant observations and interviews of mall walkers, all of whom are over 65 and predominantly Caribbean-Canadian women Results: I identify three common boundaries: personal, interpersonal, and community, that mall walkers draw on to challenge narratives of decline and internalize dimensions of successful aging. Discussion: These findings uncover the ways members in a self-organized community reinforce boundaries that highlight how certain dimensions of successful aging as something to be proud of and desirable. This article contributes to research on intersubjective experiences of aging by revealing how successful aging is rooted in community participation, rather than individual achievement.
Actigraphy-Based Associations Between Chronotype and Physical Activity in Older Adults
Authors: Hicks Hilary , Losinski Genna , Laffer Alexandra , Watts Amber 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chronotype is a measure of the time of day people prefer to be most active or to sleep. There is a known relationship between chronotype and engagement in physical activity in young and middle-aged adults, such that individuals with a morning chronotype engage in more physical activity compared to those with an evening chronotype. Our study aimed to replicate this finding in an older adult sample. Actigraphy can be used to measure both physical activity and sleep. Because of its ability to capture information about bedtime and arise time, actigraphy can serve as an objective measurement of chronotype. Participants were 159 older adults (ages 60-89, M = 74.73) who wore an ActiGraph GT9X on their non-dominant wrist for 7 days in a free-living environment. Chronotype was measured continuously using the midpoint of the ActiGraph-calculated sleep interval. We used multiple regression to determine the relationship between physical activity and chronotype adjusting for sex, age, and body mass index. Results suggest that while these variables explain a significant amount of variance in physical activity, R2 = 19.0%, F (4, 152) = 8.921, p &lt; .001, there is no significant relationship between chronotype and total physical activity in our sample, ß= -.117, p = .114. These findings are inconsistent with what has been shown in younger samples and suggest that the relationship between chronotype and physical activity may change as one ages. Future research should consider whether particular physical activity intensities (vs. total activity) may have a relationship with chronotype in older adults.
Get up and go! An Evaluation of Fitness and Memory.
Authors: Nunez Christina , Nuccio Alexandria , Perez Sophia , Golden Charles 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As we age, exercise is increasingly important for physical health and well-being. Recent studies have shown that exercise is associated with cognitive performance across multiple domains, specifically memory, a common complaint for older adults. Data included a ten-word list of delayed recall, a clock drawing activity, and a sit-to-stand task (i.e., a low impact sub-maximal test of functional fitness) derived from the National Health & Aging Trends Study Database (NHATS Round 9). A total of 4977 participants were included in the analysis which was predominantly white (69.7%), non-Hispanic (94.5%), female (59.2%), and between the ages of 70-84 (62.7%). A hierarchical linear regression revealed that performance on the sit-to-stand task positively predicted performance on delayed recall, F(4,3914)=245.141, p&lt;.001, and on the clock drawing activity, a common screening task for cognitive decline, F(4,2893)=115.470, p&lt;.001; accounting for 20.1% and 10.6% of the variability, respectively, over and above known demographic variables. These findings indicate that exercise may be one of many factors that is associated with memory and cognitive decline. Given the continuation of quarantine procedures, these findings come at a time of significant clinical relevance. Research shows that many individuals slowed down because of the COVID-19 pandemic, and current findings suggest that not being physically active may be related to poorer physical and cognitive health, with specific concerns surrounding memory. Future research is essential in this area to tease out of other factor that may be contributing to this relationship and to develop new and innovated modalities for older adults to safely exercise.
Adult Children’s Monitoring, Knowledge, and Intergenerational Ambivalence
Authors: Toyokawa Noriko , Darling Nancy , Toyokawa Teru 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Monitoring aging parents' daily life is an essential task for adult children to ensure their parents’ health and safety. The current study examined domains of parents' lives that adult children monitored as caregivers. Based on social domain theory (Smetana, 1999), we hypothesized that adult children would monitor parents’ health and safety issues as respecting parents’ autonomy in other issues. The study also examined how adult children’s belief in need for monitoring and their perception of having actual knowledge of their parents’ behaviors and thoughts would relate to the intensity of their intergenerational ambivalence. Adults who had at least one living parent (N=398, Mage=60, SD=7.7, range 45-77) participated in online surveys. Issues of parents' lives that adult children monitored were categorized into four domains by factor analysis: parents' financial safety, health and physical safety, substance use, and plans with other adult children. A series of regression analyses revealed that adult children's sense of need to know about parents' financial safety was associated with lower ambivalence, B=-.60, SE=.18, β=-.23, p=.001, whereas parents’ physical safety was associated with greater ambivalence, B=.42, SE=.19, β =.17, p=.03. Adult children's perception of their knowledge about parents' financial safety was positively associated with their ambivalence, B=.58, SE=.20, β=.22, p=.004, whereas adult children's perception of parents' physical safety was negatively associated with their ambivalence, B=-.42, SE=.21, β=-.14, p=.05. Different meanings of different types of parents' safety issues for adult children as their caregivers and suggestions for future research will be discussed.
Subjective Well-being, Status Identity, and Intergenerational Relations among the Elderly
Authors: Chen Jieming 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the influences of intergenerational relations on the subjective wellbeing and status identity of the elderly population in China. The project draws insights from the studies of social mobility and stratification, and that of family relations and old age support. Because of widespread exchange of economic resources across generations and strong sense of connectedness among parent and adult children families that continue to exist in Chinese society today, we hypothesize that older parents’ subjective sense of well-being and evaluation of their socioeconomic statuses are positively related with the socioeconomic conditions of their grown children, and the strength of the such relations with them. The study used the data from the 2013 China General Social Survey (CGSS), and the results provide fairly strong support to the hypotheses. The implications of the results on age-based stratification are discussed.
Support Exchanges Among Very Old Parents and Their Children: Findings From the Boston Aging Together Study
Authors: Kim Kyungmin , Boerner Kathrin , Kim Yijung , Jopp Daniela 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Very old parents and their “old” children are a growing group in industrialized countries worldwide. Care needs of very old parents can be substantial, while children may also face their own age-related issues. However, little is known about support exchanges within very-old parent-child dyads. This study aimed to identify patterns of support exchanges occurring in these dyads, as well as to ascertain individual and relationship factors associated with these patterns. Participants were 114 very old parents (age ≥ 90) and their children (age ≥ 65) from the Boston Aging Together Study. Data were collected using comprehensive, semistructured in-person interviews with both dyad members, including standardized assessments of support exchanges, relationship quality, health, and perceptions of family norms. Actor-Partner Interdependence Models (APIM) were used to predict upward and downward support reported by children and parents. Both dyad members not only reported substantial upward support (given to parents by children) in all domains but also notable amounts of downward support (given to children by parents) in the domains of emotional support, listening, and socializing. Findings showed significant associations of parent functional impairment, parent and child relationship quality, and child perceptions of family obligation with upward support, and of relationship quality with downward support. Continued support exchanges among very old parents and their children indicated that intergenerational theories still hold up in very late life relationships. Healthcare professionals should be aware that attention to relationship quality and family norms might be vital to ensure that support needs are met.
The Connection Between Social Inequality And Intergenerational Transfers Between Three Generations In Europe
Authors: Deindl Christian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Family members support each other across the entire family cycle. Parents help their adult children with financial transfers and hands-on-support and childcare, while children in mid-life often support their older parents with help and care. However, there is profound social inequalities linked to intergenerational transfers. While there is some research on inequality for some types of intergenerational transfers and some transfer directions, there is still no conclusive study bringing together all different support types between multiple generations from different social backgrounds over time. In our view, taking a longitudinal multi-generational perspective is essential to capture dependencies and negotiations within families from different socio-economic backgrounds within different regional contexts. If middle-aged parents have to take care of their own older parents, they have fewer resources for their(grand-)children, who might then receive less attention and support from them. This may differ according to access to support from public or private institutions. Here, country and regional specifics have a huge impact on support patterns within the family, which can only be captured when looking into developments and change. Using six waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we look at intergenerational transfers between multiple generations over time across European regions, considering mid-aged Europeans in the “sandwich” position between older parents and children and include multiple transfer directions and types over time to assess the links between social inequality and intergenerational solidarity in Europe’s ageing societies. The impact of Covid 19 on this issue will also be considered.
An integrative theoretical model to predict positive aspects of caregiving in dementia
Authors: Yu Doris , Cheng Sheung-Tak , Kwok Timothy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Family caregiving for dementia is the crucial informal care resource to buffer the associated disease burden. Whereas substantial research focused on ameliorating the caregiving burden through increasing their coping resources, least attention is placed on how to promotive their positive aspects of caregiving (PAC). This longitudinal exploratory study aimed at testingWhereas the perceived self-efficacy was further enriched in the context of good social sup an integrative theoretical model which attempts to explain the evolvement of PAC from the paradigm of stress and coping and existentialism. From to June 2017 to April 2020, we have recruited a total of 403 dementia caregivers from the a geriatric clinic in Hong Kong (mean age = 56.2, SD = 12.2; child-caregiver: 73.9%). About 61% of them were taking care of PwD of moderate to severe dementia. Validated instruments were used to measure the hypothesized model constructs. By using path analysis, it was found that PAC was evolved from two conditions, including i) perceived self-efficacy developed through active coping strategies for carers with good to moderate social support and ii) meaning-focused coping in the context of high religiosity, better social support and active coping. Data-model fit was evident by RMSEA = 0.023, CFI = 0.994, NFI = 0.968 and AIC = 97.762. The findings suggested that PAC was evolved from the interaction of the stress-coping and meaning-making process. Empowering carers for successful caregiving experience, facilitating them to make meaning in the process, enhancing good dyadic relationship and social support are crucial to cultivate PAC.
Perceived Appreciation for Care Associates with Higher Quality Caregiving Day-to-Day
Authors: Meyer Kylie , Chinea Arielle , Masoud Sara , Hamilton Kevin , Glassner Ashlie , Wang Jing , White Carole 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Family members are critical to dementia care and the U.S. long-term services system. Yet, little is known about how to support the quality of care provided by family members, who often receive little training. We hypothesize that on days when caregivers feel more appreciated, they report providing a higher quality of care. To test this hypothesis, we asked spousal dementia caregivers (N=21) to complete 14 daily surveys that asked about their daily caregiving experiences. Our measure for “quality of care” was based on the Exemplary Caregiving Scale, and included 3-items pertaining to provision of care (e.g., “You considered your spouse's wishes and opinions when providing assistance”). Response options included “Most of the time,” “Some of the time,” and “Never”; scores were summed (range 0 to 6). Caregivers were also asked to what extent their spouse appreciated the care provided (“Not at all,” “Some,” or “A lot”). We applied multi-level mixed models to the data, and controlled for age, gender, Hispanic ethnicity, number of behavioral symptoms of dementia each day and months since diagnosis. In adjusted models, we found that on days when caregivers believed care recipients appreciated care provided “Some” or “A lot,” they reported providing higher quality care (B=0.52, p=0.010 and B=0.79, p&lt;0.001, respectively) compared with days when caregivers believed care recipients appreciated care provided “Not at all”. Preliminary results may inform programs to support caregivers’ ability to provide high quality care (e.g., by helping caregivers to perceive rewards) and to identify caregivers at risk of providing low-quality care.