bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex Tidal Marsh Dynamics Structure Fish Foraging Patterns in the San Francisco Estuary
Authors: Colombano Denise D. , Handley Thomas B. , O’Rear Teejay A. , Durand John R. , Moyle Peter B. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMechanisms driving the consumption and transport of tidal marsh nutrients and energy by fishes are of key interest in the San Francisco Estuary, CA, USA. By combining multiple data sources (gill-net catches, gut contents, channel morphology, tides), we modeled spatial and temporal patterns of fish abundance and gut fullness across a tidal marsh elevation gradient. Channel depth, microhabitat, and tide were important predictors of fish abundance and gut fullness. Species, feeding guild, and season were also important to fish abundance but not to gut fullness, suggesting that abundance was more related to physical constraints of shallow water than to prey availability. Multiple feeding guilds overlapped in space and time at interaction hotspots in subtidal channel habitat near the marsh entrance. In contrast, fish use of shallow intertidal marsh channels was more variable and indicated tradeoffs between foraging and predation. Gut content analysis revealed moderate-to-high gut fullness for all feeding guilds and models predicted high gut fullness in subtidal reaches during tidal flooding, after which fish fed intensively throughout the marsh. While mysids, amphipods, and detritus were common prey among feeding guilds, variation in prey consumption was apparent. Overall, complex tidal marsh hydrogeomorphology driving land-water exchange and residence time may diversify and enhance benthic and pelagic food web pathways to fishes and invertebrates. Furthermore, these findings substantiate the notion that dynamic tidal marshes in this system can support robust secondary production, foraging by multiple feeding guilds, and trophic transfer by fishes to the estuarine mosaic.
Overexpression of SERPINA3 promotes tumor invasion and migration, epithelial-mesenchymal-transition in triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Yingzi , Tian Jiao , Qu Chi , Peng Yang , Lei Jinwei , Li Kang , Zong Beige , Sun Lu , Liu Shengchun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have indicated that serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3 (SERPINA3) is a potential marker associated with tumor progression, which connoted that SERPINA3 is related to malignant phenotypes in cancer. However, the biological function of SERPINA3 in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear.

Methods
Bioinformatics data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was conducted to determine SERPINA3 expression. With strong aggressive abilities, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines (MDA-MB-231, BT549 and MDA-MB-436) were obtained to examine SERPINA3 expression and functions. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to measure cell migration and invasion. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was conducted to detect cell proliferation abilities and cell viabilities.

Results
SERPINA3 was upregulated in BC tissues. Functional assays suggested that overexpression of SERPINA3 significantly promoted cell proliferation, where migration and invasion of TNBC cells were accelerated. Knockdown of SERPINA3 had the opposite effects. These results causing by overexpression of SERPINA3 were also confirmed in non-TNBC cell lines. Overexpression of SERPINA3 remarkably enhanced the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by upregulating the EMT markers and EZH2. In addition, the overexpression of SERPINA3 reduced the sensitivity of TNBC cells to cisplatin.

Conclusion
SERPINA3 can regulate the migration, invasion and EMT of TNBC cells and increased expression of SERPINA3 confers resistance to cisplatin in TNBC cells. We discern it is required for the regulation of BC progression and is a critical target for the clinical treatment of BC.
A case of early autoimmune gastritis with characteristic endoscopic findings
Authors: Kishino Maiko , Yao Kenshi , Hashimoto Hiroshi , Nitta Hiroki , Kure Rie , Yamamoto Ayako , Yamamoto Kana , Nonaka Kouichi , Nakamura Shinichi , Tokushige Katsutoshi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSignificant atrophic gastritis in the fundic gland region is a well-known endoscopic finding observed in autoimmune gastritis (AIG). The endoscopic features of early AIG have not been reported. Iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, anemia, or neurological symptoms may not be observed in the early stages of AIG, and it may thus be difficult to diagnose early AIG based on clinical findings. We treated a 50-year-old Japanese female whose condition was suspected to be early AIG. The endoscopic findings showed normal gastric pyloric gland mucosa, and diffuse reddened and edematous gastric fundic gland mucosa. Pathologically, local infiltration of lymphocytes and decrease of parietal cells was present in a deep part of the gastric fundic gland mucosa. Blood tests showed that the titer of parietal cell antibody (PCA) was 1:320 and the gastrin level was 820 pg/ml. We determined that the patient had AIG because she also had Hashimoto’s disease, the PCA titer was high, the serum gastrin level was slightly increased, and inflammation was observed only in the gastric body on the endoscopic images. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of endoscopic findings that suggest early AIG, before atrophic changes were observed.
The Fidelity of Training in Behaviour Change Techniques to Intervention Design in a National Diabetes Prevention Programme
Authors: Hawkes Rhiannon E. , Cameron Elaine , Miles Lisa M. , French David P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
The National Health Service Diabetes Prevention Programme (NHS-DPP) is a behavioural intervention for people identified as high risk for developing type 2 diabetes that has been rolled out across England. The present study evaluates whether the four commercial providers of the NHS-DPP train staff to deliver behaviour change technique (BCT) content with fidelity to intervention plans.

Method
One set of mandatory training courses across the four NHS-DPP providers (seven courses across 13 days) was audio-recorded, and all additional training materials used were collected. Recordings and training materials were coded for BCT content using the BCT Taxonomy v1. BCTs and depth of training (e.g. instruction, demonstration, practice) of BCT content was checked against providers’ intervention plans.

Results
Ten trainers and 78 trainees were observed, and 12 documents examined. The number of unique BCTs in audio recordings and associated training materials ranged from 19 to 44 across providers, and staff were trained in 53 unique BCTs across the whole NHS-DPP. Staff were trained in 66% of BCTs that were in intervention plans, though two providers trained staff in approximately half of BCTs to be delivered. The most common way that staff were trained in BCT delivery was through instruction. Training delivery style (e.g. experiential versus educational) varied between providers.

Conclusion
Observed training evidences dilution from providers’ intervention plans. NHS-DPP providers should review their training to ensure staff are trained in all key intervention components, ensuring thorough training of BCTs (e.g. demonstrating and practicing how to deliver) to enhance BCT delivery.
Taxon- and senescence-specific fluorescence of colored leaves from the Pliocene Willershausen Lagerstätte, Germany
Authors: Wolkenstein Klaus , Arp Gernot 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUV-light-induced fluorescence is widely used in the study of coal macerals and palynological samples, but to date has not been described in great detail for plant macrofossils. Here, we report the characteristics of bright UV-light-induced fluorescence of various fossil angiosperm leaf taxa from the Upper Pliocene of Willershausen, Lower Saxony, Germany. The fluorescence is exceptional, since different fluorescence colors ranging from green to yellow to red can be observed and fluorescence properties are found to be related to genera. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, fluorescence was studied in detail and emission spectra were obtained that allowed to differentiate broad groups of fluorophores. Fluorescence emissions attributed to chlorophyll degradation products demonstrate that fluorescence can be used as an indicator for exceptional chemical preservation of leaf fossils. Comparison with present-day senescing plants suggests that the fluorescence differences in the fossil leaves are mainly caused by taxon-specific degeneration of organic compounds during senescence. The occurrence of various leaf taxa with different fluorescence properties, preserved under identical conditions of fossilization, indicate that diagenesis was not crucial for the differences in leaf fluorescence.
Characterization of immune cell migration using microfabrication
Authors: Vesperini Doriane , Montalvo Galia , Qu Bin , Lautenschläger Franziska 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe immune system provides our defense against pathogens and aberrant cells, including tumorigenic and infected cells. Motility is one of the fundamental characteristics that enable immune cells to find invading pathogens, control tissue damage, and eliminate primary developing tumors, even in the absence of external treatments. These processes are termed “immune surveillance.” Migration disorders of immune cells are related to autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and tumor evasion. It is therefore essential to characterize immune cell motility in different physiologically and pathologically relevant scenarios to understand the regulatory mechanisms of functionality of immune responses. This review is focused on immune cell migration, to define the underlying mechanisms and the corresponding investigative approaches. We highlight the challenges that immune cells encounter in vivo, and the microfabrication methods to mimic particular aspects of their microenvironment. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed tools, and provide information on how to access them. Furthermore, we summarize the directional cues that regulate individual immune cell migration, and discuss the behavior of immune cells in a complex environment composed of multiple directional cues.
Autonomous formation flight using solar radiation pressure
Authors: Thoemel Jan , van Dam Tonie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAutonomous formation flight enables new satellite missions for novel applications. The cost and limits of propulsion systems can be overcome if environmental resources are being benefitted of. Currently, atmospheric drag is used in low Earth orbit to this end. Solar radiation pressure, which is of similar order of magnitude as aerodynamic ram pressure, is, however, always neglected. We introduce this force and show that it can be exploited. We demonstrate through simulations that a formation geometry is established quicker if the solar radiation pressure is modeled.
Multilocus gene analysis reveals the presence of two phytoplasma groups in Impatiens balsamina showing flat stem and phyllody
Authors: Panda Priyam , Nigam Amrita , Rao G. P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRose balsam (Impatiens balsamina) is an important ornamental species grown worldwide for its attractive flowers and also having medicinal properties. Flat stem, little leaf, and phyllody symptoms were observed in I. balsamina nurseries in Uttar Pradesh and Tripura states of India during surveys from 2018 to 2020, with an incidence from 6 to 27%. Amplicons of ~ 1.2 kb were amplified in all the tested symptomatic samples of I. balsamina using universal phytoplasma primer pairs from different surveyed locations, but not from the asymptomatic plants. Pairwise sequence comparison, phylogeny, and virtual RFLP analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences identified the phytoplasmas as 16SrI-B subgroup strain from Tripura (Lembucherra) and 16SrII-D subgroup strain from Uttar Pradesh (Gorakhpur and Faizabad). Phytoplasma presence and identity was further confirmed by amplifying secA, rp, secY, and tuf genes. This is the first report of 16SrI-B and 16SrII-D phytoplasmas detection in I. balsamina in the world.
A nanoemulsion/micelles mixed nanosystem for the oral administration of hydrophobically modified insulin
Authors: Santalices Irene , Vázquez-Vázquez Carlos , Santander-Ortega Manuel J. , Lozano Victoria , Araújo Francisca , Sarmento Bruno , Shrestha Neha , Préat Veronique , Chenlo Miguel , Alvarez Clara V. , Benetti Federico , Cuñarro Juan , Tovar Sulay , Torres Dolores , Alonso María José 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe potential of nanoemulsions for the oral administration of peptides is still in its early stage. The aim of the present work was to rationally design, develop, and fully characterize a new nanoemulsion (NE) intended for the oral administration of hydrophobically modified insulin (HM-insulin). Specific components of the NE were selected based on their enhancing permeation properties as well as their ability to improve insulin association efficiency (Miglyol 812, sodium taurocholate), stability in the intestinal fluids, and mucodiffusion (PEGylated phospholipids and poloxamer 407). The results showed that the NE co-existed with a population of micelles, forming a mixed system that exhibited a 100% of HM-insulin association efficiency. The nanosystem showed good stability and miscibility in different bio-relevant media and displayed an acceptable mucodiffusive behavior in porcine mucus. In addition, it exhibited a high interaction with cell mono-cultures (Caco -2 and C2BBe1 human colon carcinoma Caco-2 clone cells) and co-cultures (C2BBe1 human colon carcinoma Caco-2 clone/HT29-MTX cells). The internalization in Caco-2 monolayers was also confirmed by confocal microscopy. Finally, the promising in vitro behavior of the nanosystem in terms of overcoming the biological barriers of the intestinal tract was translated into a moderate, although significant, hypoglycemic response (≈ 20–30%), following intestinal administration to both healthy and diabetic rat models. Overall, this information underlines the crucial steps to address when designing peptide-based nanoformulations to successfully overcome the intestinal barriers associated to the oral modality of administration.
Graphical abstract
Flattening the curve is flattening the complexity of covid-19
Authors: Boumans Marcel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSince the February 2020 publication of the article ‘Flattening the curve’ inThe Economist, political leaders worldwide have used this expression to legitimize the introduction of social distancing measures in fighting Covid-19. In fact, this expression represents a complex combination of three components: the shape of the epidemic curve, the social distancing measures and the reproduction number$$ \mathscr{R}_{0}$$R0. Each component has its own history, each with a different history of control. Presenting the control of the epidemic as flattening the curve is in fact flattening the underlying natural-social complexity. The curve that needs to be flattened is presented as a bell-shaped curve, implicitly suggesting that the pathogen’s spread is subject only to natural laws. The$$ \mathscr{R}$$Rvalue, however, is, fundamentally, a metric of how a pathogen behaves within a social context, namely its numerical value is affected by sociopolitical influences. The jagged and erratic empirical curve of Covid-19 illustrates this. Although the virus has most likely infected only a small portion of the total susceptible population, it is clear its shape has changed drastically. This changing shape is largely due to sociopolitical factors. These include shifting formal laws and policies, shifting individual behaviors as well as shifting various other social norms and practices. This makes the course of Covid-19 curve both erratic and unpredictable.
Respirable nano-particulate generations and their pathogenesis in mining workplaces: a review
Authors: Fan Long , Liu Shimin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThere is a growing concern in mining community about the contribution of nano-particulates to miner’s health. Despite the health influence of respirable dusts and associated lung diseases have been recognized for decades in the mining industry, the nano-scale particulates accompanying with complicated physiochemical properties and their enormous contribution in quantity have been drawing attentions only in recent a few years because of the advancement of nano-science discipline. In this review, we examine the current regulations of dusts exposure and the dominant mass-based monitoring methods to point out the ignorance of nano-particulates in mining industry. The recognized mining-related nano-particulates sources are summarized to identify the mechanically generated finer particulates including particles and aerosols. In addition, the mechanism of adverse health impact on miner with exposure to nano-scale particulates is discussed in a detail to emphasize their substantial detriment as a potential respiratory hazard. Characterization of the complex physiochemical properties of nano-particulates are then summarized and discussed because these properties could be different from regular respirable dusts due to their dramatically increased surface area and particulate counts. The intent of this review is to demonstrate the potential of adverse health effect of nano-particulate on the mine personals throughout the mining cycle and to identify the research gaps of the mine nano-particulate characterization and quantification. We suggest that further understanding of the mining induced nano-particulate properties and their pathogenesis are critical for the future engineering control measure to mitigate the potential health threat for future miners.
Epitaxial Lift-Off of Flexible GaN-Based HEMT Arrays with Performances Optimization by the Piezotronic Effect
Authors: Chen Xin , Dong Jianqi , He Chenguang , He Longfei , Chen Zhitao , Li Shuti , Zhang Kang , Wang Xingfu , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHigh-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) are a promising device in the field of radio frequency and wireless communication. However, to unlock the full potential of HEMTs, the fabrication of large-size flexible HEMTs is required. Herein, a large-sized (> 2 cm2) of AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure-based HEMTs were successfully stripped from sapphire substrate to a flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate by an electrochemical lift-off technique. The piezotronic effect was then induced to optimize the electron transport performance by modulating/tuning the physical properties of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and phonons. The saturation current of the flexible HEMT is enhanced by 3.15% under the 0.547% tensile condition, and the thermal degradation of the HEMT was also obviously suppressed under compressive straining. The corresponding electrical performance changes and energy diagrams systematically illustrate the intrinsic mechanism. This work not only provides in-depth understanding of the piezotronic effect in tuning 2DEG and phonon properties in GaN HEMTs, but also demonstrates a low-cost method to optimize its electronic and thermal properties.
Ultrathin, Lightweight, and Flexible CNT Buckypaper Enhanced Using MXenes for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Yang Rongliang , Gui Xuchun , Yao Li , Hu Qingmei , Yang Leilei , Zhang Hao , Yao Yongtao , Mei Hui , Tang Zikang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLightweight, flexibility, and low thickness are urgent requirements for next-generation high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials for catering to the demand for smart and wearable electronic devices. Although several efforts have focused on constructing porous and flexible conductive films or aerogels, few studies have achieved a balance in terms of density, thickness, flexibility, and EMI shielding effectiveness (SE). Herein, an ultrathin, lightweight, and flexible carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypaper enhanced using MXenes (Ti3C2Tx) for high-performance EMI shielding is synthesized through a facile electrophoretic deposition process. The obtained Ti3C2Tx@CNT hybrid buckypaper exhibits an outstanding EMI SE of 60.5 dB in the X-band at 100 μm. The hybrid buckypaper with an MXene content of 49.4 wt% exhibits an EMI SE of 50.4 dB in the X-band with a thickness of only 15 μm, which is 105% higher than that of pristine CNT buckypaper. Furthermore, an average specific SE value of 5.7 × 104 dB cm2 g−1 is exhibited in the 5-μm hybrid buckypaper. Thus, this assembly process proves promising for the construction of ultrathin, flexible, and high-performance EMI shielding films for application in electronic devices and wireless communications.
First record of Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Gervais, 1850) from Ukraine on the background of the European occurrence of the species
Authors: Marciszak Adrian , Semenov Yuriy , Portnicki Piotr , Derkach Tamara 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCranial material ofPachycrocuta brevirostrisfrom the late Early Pleistocene site of Nogaisk is the first record of this species in Ukraine. This large hyena was a representative of the Tamanian faunal complex and a single specialised scavenger in these faunas. The revisited European records list ofP.brevirostrisdocumented the presence of this species in 101 sites, dated in the range of 3.5–0.4 Ma. This species first disappeared in Africa, survived in Europe until ca. 0.8–0.7 Ma, and its last, relict occurrence was known from south-eastern Asia. The main reason of extinction ofP.brevirostrisprobably was the competition withCrocuta crocuta. The cave hyena was smaller, but its teeth were proportionally larger to the body size, better adapted to crushing bones and slicing meat, and could also hunt united in larger groups.
rePROBE: Workflow for Revised Probe Assignment and Updated Probe-set Annotation in Microarrays
Authors: Hadlich Frieder , Reyer Henry , Oster Michael , Trakooljul Nares , Muráni Eduard , Ponsuksili Siriluck , Wimmers Klaus 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Commercial and customized microarrays are valuable tools for the analysis of holistic expression patterns, but require the integration of the latest genomic information. This study provides a comprehensive workflow implemented in an R package (rePROBE) to assign the entire probes and to annotate the probe sets based on up-to-date genomic and transcriptomic information. The rePROBE package can be applied to available gene expression microarray platforms and addresses both public and custom databases. The revised probe assignment and updated probe-set annotation are applied to commercial microarrays available for different livestock species, i.e., chicken (Gallus gallus; ChiGene-1_0-st: 443,579 probes and 18,530 probe sets), pig (Sus scrofa; PorGene-1_1-st: 592,005 probes and 25,779 probe sets), and cattle (Bos Taurus; BovGene-1_0-st: 530,717 probes and 24,759 probe sets), as well as available for human (Homo sapiens; HuGene-1_0-st) and mouse (Mus musculus; HT_MG-430_PM). Using current species-specific transcriptomic information (RefSeq, Ensembl, and partially non-redundant nucleotide sequences) and genomic information, the applied workflow reveals 297,574 probes (15,689 probe sets) for chicken, 384,715 probes (21,673 probe sets) for pig, 363,077 probes (21,238 probe sets) for cattle, 481,168 probes (23,495 probe sets) for human, and 324,942 probes (32,494 probe sets) for mouse. These are representative of 12,641, 15,758, 18,046, 20,167, and 16,335 unique genes that are both annotated and positioned for chicken, pig, cattle, human, and mouse, respectively. Additionally, the workflow collects information on the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within respective targeted genomic regions and thus provides a detailed basis for comprehensive analyses such as expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) studies to identify quantitative and functional traits. The rePROBE R package is freely available at https://github.com/friederhadlich/rePROBE.