bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
M&A successes: Breadth, depth, and deal completion time in the US semiconductor industry
Authors: Roh Taewoo , Hwang Jieun , Park Byung Il 
Published: April 2021

Most previous studies examining M&As (mergers and acquisitions) have focused on the post-merger integration process. While there have been studies that have partially investigated the importance of deal completion, we argue that firms could learn to increase their deal completions by leveraging their experience from prior successful acquisitions and that their cumulative success could reduce the deal completion time; that is, the time from the announcement of the deal to its resolution. To address this unexplored issue about M&As, we investigated whether prior intra- and/or inter-industry acquisition experiences helped accelerate subsequent focal acquisitions in the semiconductor industry, which is characterized by rapid technological innovation. We tested our hypotheses on data consisting of 323 acquisition deals in the US semiconductor industry between 2000 and 2013. The results showed that both prior intra- and inter-industry acquisition experiences significantly reduced deal completion time. JEL CLASSIFICATION M10
The association between overweight and prevalence of food allergy in Japanese children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hayashi Koichiro , Tsujiguchi Hiromasa , Hori Daisuke , Yamada Yohei , Shimizu Yukari , Nguyen Thao Thi Thu , Hibino Yuri , Kambayashi Yasuhiro , Hara Akinori , Nakamura Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Food allergy (FA) is a common disease in children, and its prevalence has increased in developed countries. The impact of overweight on children health also becomes an important social problem. However, the relationship between overweight and FA is still unclear. We examined the association between overweight and the prevalence of FA among Japanese children.

Methods
We analyzed data obtained using a self-administered questionnaire from 1772 Japanese children. Weight groups according to body mass index cutoff points proposed by the International Obesity Task Force were used to create two groups: overweight and non-overweight. Children were separated into four age groups (3–6 years, 6–9 years, 9–12 years, and 12–15 years) to examine age differences. We performed univariate and multivariate logistic models to examine the association between overweight and FA.

Results
The prevalence of FA was significantly higher in boys (10.6%, p = 0.014) than girls (4.5%) and girls (7.9%, p = 0.012) than boys (2.5%) for 6–9 and 12–15 age groups, respectively. While the prevalence of FA was significantly higher in overweight than non-overweight girls (26.1%, p = 0.005) in the 12–15 age group, no significant difference was found in boys. In girls, overweight was significantly associated with FA after adjustment for age and asthma (odds ratio 1.99, 95% confidence interval 1.01–3.89, p = 0.046).

Conclusions
Our results showed that being overweight was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of FA in girls, but not in boys. Further prospective studies are necessary to find the causal relationship between overweight and FA.
Microvascular comparison in younger and older patients with retinal vein occlusion analyzed by OCT angiography
Authors: Ye Panpan , Zhu Tiepei , Zheng Fang , Zhou Min , Fang Xiaoyun , Yao Ke 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo compare changes in retinal microvasculature of young and elderly patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) after anti-VEGF treatment.MethodsRVO patients who underwent anti-VEGF treatment were retrospectively reviewed and categorized into two groups based on age. The OCT angiography images were obtained during each visit. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were measured and compared between the two groups. Vision improvements and retinal microvasculature changes were also correlated.ResultsTwenty patients with 20 eyes were enrolled in the younger group and 46 patients with 46 eyes were enrolled in the older group. Younger patients demonstrated better BCVA, higher VD and smaller FAZ than older patients at 12 months after the first anti-VEGF treatment. The improvement of VD was observed only in the younger group. A positive correlation between vision improvement and VD increase was noted.ConclusionsYoung patients with RVO can achieve rapid rehabilitation of deep retinal vasculature which lead to a better visual outcome.
Favorable intermediate risk prostate cancer with biopsy Gleason score of 6
Authors: Oh Jong Jin , Ahn Hyungwoo , Hwang Sung Il , Lee Hak Jong , Choe Gheeyoung , Lee Sangchul , Lee Hakmin , Byun Seok-Soo , Hong Sung Kyu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
To identify potential prognostic factors among patients with favorable intermediate risk prostate cancer with a biopsy Gleason score 6.

Methods
From 2003 to 2019, favorable intermediate risk patients who underwent radical prostatectomy were included in this study. All patients were evaluated preoperatively with MRI. Using PI-RADS scores, patients were divided into two groups, and clinic-pathological outcomes were compared. The impact of preoperative factors on significant pathologic Gleason score upgrading (≥ 4 + 3) and biochemical recurrence were assessed via multivariate analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed in patients with PI-RADS ≤ 2.

Results
Among the 239 patients, 116 (48.5%) were MRI-negative (PI-RADS ≤ 3) and 123 (51.5%) were MRI-positive (PI-RADS > 3). Six patients in the MRI-negative group (5.2%) were characterized as requiring significant pathologic Gleason score upgrading compared with 34 patients (27.6%) in the MRI-positive group (p < 0.001). PI-RADS score was shown to be a significant predictor of significant pathologic Gleason score upgrading (OR = 6.246, p < 0.001) and biochemical recurrence (HR = 2.595, p = 0.043). 10-years biochemical recurrence-free survival was estimated to be 84.4% and 72.6% in the MRI-negative and MRI-positive groups (p = 0.035). In the 79 patients with PI-RADS ≤ 2, tumor length in biopsy cores was identified as a significant predictor of pathologic Gleason score (OR = 11.336, p = 0.014).

Conclusions
Among the patients with favorable intermediate risk prostate cancer with a biopsy Gleason score 6, preoperative MRI was capable of predicting significant pathologic Gleason score upgrading and biochemical recurrence. Especially, the patients with PI-RADS ≤ 2 and low biopsy tumor length could be a potential candidate to active surveillance.
Supporting deprescribing in hospitalised patients: formative usability testing of a computerised decision support tool
Authors: Baysari Melissa T. , Duong Mai H. , Hooper Patrick , Stockey-Bridge Michaela , Awad Selvana , Zheng Wu Yi , Hilmer Sarah N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite growing evidence that deprescribing can improve clinical outcomes, quality of life and reduce the likelihood of adverse drug events, the practice is not widespread, particularly in hospital settings. Clinical risk assessment tools, like the Drug Burden Index (DBI), can help prioritise patients for medication review and prioritise medications to deprescribe, but are not integrated within routine care. The aim of this study was to conduct formative usability testing of a computerised decision support (CDS) tool, based on DBI, to identify modifications required to the tool prior to trialling in practice.

Methods
Our CDS tool comprised a DBI MPage in the electronic medical record (clinical workspace) that facilitated review of a patient’s DBI and medication list, access to deprescribing resources, and the ability to deprescribe. Two rounds of scenario-based formative usability testing with think-aloud protocol were used. Seventeen end-users participated in the testing, including junior and senior doctors, and pharmacists.

Results
Participants expressed positive views about the DBI CDS tool but testing revealed a number of clear areas for improvement. These primarily related to terminology used (i.e. what is a DBI and how is it calculated?), and consistency of functionality and display. A key finding was that users wanted the CDS tool to look and function in a similar way to other decision support tools in the electronic medical record. Modifications were made to the CDS tool in response to user feedback.

Conclusion
Usability testing proved extremely useful for identifying components of our CDS tool that were confusing, difficult to locate or to understand. We recommend usability testing be adopted prior to implementation of any digital health intervention. We hope our revised CDS tool equips clinicians with the knowledge and confidence to consider discontinuation of inappropriate medications in routine care of hospitalised patients. In the next phase of our project, we plan to pilot test the tool in practice to evaluate its uptake and effectiveness in supporting deprescribing in routine hospital care.
Sea urchin larvae utilize light for regulating the pyloric opening
Authors: Yaguchi Junko , Yaguchi Shunsuke 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Light is essential for various biological activities. In particular, visual information through eyes or eyespots is very important for most of animals, and thus, the functions and developmental mechanisms of visual systems have been well studied to date. In addition, light-dependent non-visual systems expressing photoreceptor Opsins have been used to study the effects of light on diverse animal behaviors. However, it remains unclear how light-dependent systems were acquired and diversified during deuterostome evolution due to an almost complete lack of knowledge on the light-response signaling pathway in Ambulacraria, one of the major groups of deuterostomes and a sister group of chordates.

Results
Here, we show that sea urchin larvae utilize light for digestive tract activity. We found that photoirradiation of larvae induces pyloric opening even without addition of food stimuli. Micro-surgical and knockdown experiments revealed that this stimulating light is received and mediated by Go(/RGR)-Opsin (Opsin3.2 in sea urchin genomes) cells around the anterior neuroectoderm. Furthermore, we found that the anterior neuroectodermal serotoninergic neurons near Go-Opsin-expressing cells are essential for mediating light stimuli-induced nitric oxide (NO) release at the pylorus. Our results demonstrate that the light>Go-Opsin>serotonin>NO pathway functions in pyloric opening during larval stages.

Conclusions
The results shown here will lead us to understand how light-dependent systems of pyloric opening functioning via neurotransmitters were acquired and established during animal evolution. Based on the similarity of nervous system patterns and the gut proportions among Ambulacraria, we suggest the light>pyloric opening pathway may be conserved in the clade, although the light signaling pathway has so far not been reported in other members of the group. In light of brain-gut interactions previously found in vertebrates, we speculate that one primitive function of anterior neuroectodermal neurons (brain neurons) may have been to regulate the function of the digestive tract in the common ancestor of deuterostomes. Given that food consumption and nutrient absorption are essential for animals, the acquirement and development of brain-based sophisticated gut regulatory system might have been important for deuterostome evolution.
Can clubfoot scoring systems predict the number of casts and future recurrences in patients undergoing Ponseti method?
Authors: Tahririan Mohammad Ali , Ardakani Mohammadreza Piri , Kheiri Sara 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Congenital clubfoot is one of the common congenital orthopaedic deformities. Pirani and Dimeglio scoring systems are two classification systems for measuring the severity of the clubfoot. However, the relation between the initial amount of each of these scores and the treatment parameters is controversial.

Methods
Patients with severe and very severe idiopathic clubfoot undergoing Ponseti treatment were entered. Their initial Pirani and Dimeglio scores, the number of castings as a short-term treatment parameter, and the recurrences as a long-term parameter until the age of three were prospectively documented.

Results
One hundred patients (143 feet) with mean age of 9.51 ± 2.3 days including 68 males and 32 females and the mean initial Pirani score of 5.5 ± 0.5 and the mean initial Dimeglio score of 17.1 ± 1.6 were studied. The incidence of relapse was 8.4 %( n = 12). The mean initial Pirani score (P < 0.001) and the mean initial Dimeglio score (P < 0.003) of the feet with recurrence were significantly more than the non-recurrence feet. The mean number of casts in the recurrence group (7 ± 0.9) was significantly more than the feet without recurrences (6.01 ± 1.04) (P = 0.002). The ROC curve suggested the Pirani score of 5.75 and the Dimeglio score of 17.5 as the cut-off points of these scores for recurrence prediction.

Conclusion
In our study, Pirani and Dimeglio scores are markedly related with more number of casts and recurrence in patients with severe and very severe clubfoot. Also, we have introduced new cut-off points for both classification systems for prediction of recurrence. To the best of our knowledge, this finding has not been introduced into the English literature.
DRESS induced by amoxicillin-clavulanate in two pediatric patients confirmed by lymphocyte toxicity assay
Authors: Dhir Arun , Kular Hasandeep , Elzagallaai Abdelbaset A. , Carleton Bruce , Rieder Michael J. , Mak Raymond , Wong Tiffany 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare but serious delayed hypersensitivity reaction that can be caused by antibiotic exposure. The reaction typically develops in 2 to 6 weeks. The pathophysiology is thought to involve toxic drug metabolites acting as a hapten, triggering a systemic response. The diagnosis is made clinically but can be confirmed using assays such as the lymphocyte toxicity assay (LTA), which correlates cell death upon exposure to drug metabolites with susceptibility to hypersensitivity reactions.

Case presentations
Case 1 involves a previously healthy 11-month-old male with first exposure to amoxicillin-clavulanate, prescribed for seven days to treat a respiratory infection. The patient developed DRESS fourteen days after starting the drug and was successfully treated with corticosteroids. LTA testing confirmed patient susceptibility to hypersensitivity reactions with amoxicillin-clavulanate. Parental samples were also tested, showing both maternal and paternal susceptibility. Neither parent reported prior hypersensitivity reactions. Lifelong penicillin avoidance for the patient was advised along with the notation in medical records of penicillin allergy. The parents were advised to avoid penicillin class antibiotics and be monitored closely for DRESS if they are exposed.
Case 2 involves an 11-year-old female with atopic dermatitis with first exposure to amoxicillin-clavulanate, prescribed for ten days to treat a secondary bacterial skin infection. She developed DRESS eleven days after starting antibiotics and was successfully treated with corticosteroids. LTA testing confirmed patient susceptibility to hypersensitivity reactions with amoxicillin-clavulanate. Maternal samples were also tested and showed sensitivity. The mother reported no prior hypersensitivity reactions. Lifelong penicillin avoidance for the patient was advised along with the notation in medical records of penicillin allergy.

Conclusions
Amoxicillin-clavulanate is a commonly used antibiotic and the cases we have described suggest that it should be recognized as a potential cause of DRESS in pediatric patients. Furthermore, these cases contribute to current literature supporting that there may be a shorter latent period in DRESS induced by antibiotics. We have also shown that the LTA can be a helpful tool to confirm DRESS reactions, and that testing may have potential implications for family members.
Sarcopenia in a patient with most serious complications after highly invasive surgeries treated with nutrition, rehabilitation, and pharmacotherapy: a case report
Authors: Tatsumi Michiyo , Kumagai Satomi , Abe Takahiro , Murakami Soichi , Takeda Hiroshi , Shichinohe Toshiaki , Watanabe Yuko , Katayama Shinsuke , Hirai Shiaki , Honda Aiko , Takekuma Yoh , Sugawara Mitsuru 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Several studies have reported the implementation of nutrition therapy and rehabilitation for acute and critical illnesses. However, rehabilitation nutrition for elderly sarcopenia patients with extremely severe postoperative complications during hospitalization has not yet been established.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 70-year-old man with sarcopenia that developed as a postoperative complication of the surgical resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and left the patient bedridden from prolonged malnutrition and muscle weakness. The patient’s general condition improved after a nearly 6-month intervention by our Nutrition Support Team (NST) that combined nutrition, exercise, and pharmacotherapy.

Conclusions
The appropriate timing and order of pharmacotherapy, nutrient administration, exercise therapy, and team collaboration may enable elderly patients with severe (secondary) sarcopenia and postoperative complications to regain self-sustained walking.
Accuracy of total knee arthroplasty using the modified gap technique based on the bone gap: an evaluation of the bone gap with a distal femoral trial component
Authors: Kamei Goki , Ishibashi Shigeki , Yoshioka Koki , Sakurai Satoru , Inoue Hiroyuki , Ishikawa Masakazu , Mochizuki Yu , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
In total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using the modified gap technique, the soft-tissue balance is measured after osteotomy of the distal femur and proximal tibia (conventional bone gap). However, after osteotomy, the flexion gap size during 90° knee flexion may be larger than that observed after implantation. The tension of the lateral compartment during 90° flexion may also be reduced after osteotomy of the distal femur. We manufactured a distal femoral trial component to reproduce the condition after implantation and prior to posterior condyle osteotomy. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the trial component on the flexion gap.

Methods
This prospective study included 21 consecutive patients aged 78 years with medial osteoarthritis who underwent cruciate-retaining TKA between February 2017 and March 2018. The postoperative flexion gap size and inclination during 90° flexion were compared between cases with and without the trial component.

Results
The mean joint gap size with the trial component (13.4 ± 0.80 mm) was significantly smaller than that without the trial component (14.7 ± 0.84 mm). The mean gap inclination angle with the trial component (3.7° ± 0.62°) was significantly smaller than that without the trial component (5.5° ± 0.78°).

Conclusions
In the present study, the joint gap size and medial tension were significantly reduced after the trial component had been set. Accurate measurement of the soft-tissue balance is an important factor in the modified gap technique, and this method using a distal femoral trial component can offer better outcomes than those achieved with conventional methods.
Could procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) be valid alternative diagnostic markers to dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in elderly females with osteoporosis? An Egyptian radiological and laboratory monocentric study
Authors: Saad Marwa A. , Aboelwafa Reham A. , Elsayed Eman H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Osteoporosis is a major health problem of elders. Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the commonly used modality for diagnosis osteoporosis; serum markers have been suggested for predicting osteoporosis and discriminate osteoporotic from healthy subjects. We aimed to analyze the status of some bone turnover biochemical markers namely PINP, B-ALP, estrogen, and progesterone in the elderly osteoporotic and osteopenic women as probable markers for the discrimination between patients and healthy individual in diagnosing osteoporosis, and also, to detect the impact of osteoporosis on quality of life of patients using assessment of the quality of life for osteoporosis (ECOS-16). Post-menopausal 108 females were involved in the current study, divided into two groups (osteoporotic group (60 with BMD˂-2.5), osteopenic group (48 with BMD between − 1 and − 2.5)), and 60 healthy elderly females as control group were involved in the study. Serum levels of procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP), estrogen, and progesterone were measured by ELISA technique.

Results
PINP and B-ALP significantly differ between studied groups. Also, PINP and B-ALP levels had high sensitivity and specificity to discriminate osteoporotic patients from healthy individuals. PINP and B-ALP significantly correlated with bone mineral density (BMD) and with ECOS-16. Estrogen differs significantly between osteoporotic and osteopenic groups and significantly correlated with bone mineral density of femur (BMD-F) and bone mineral density of spine (BMD-S) in the osteopenic group. Progesterone differed significantly between patients and controls and significantly correlated with BMD-F in the osteoporotic group.

Conclusion
We can consider PINP and B-ALP as biomarkers for early detection then monitoring of osteoporosis. Measuring these serum markers can replace the assessment of BMD if not available. Also, it could replace the gap between BMD subsequently spaced assessment or could be of value in cases with severe spondylosis, DISH syndrome, old spondylarthritis, and/or previous spinal surgery. Sex hormones could not differentiate the normal from the osteoporotic/osteopenic patients, so they cannot be used as diagnostic or prognostic markers. Validation of this assumption needs large and longitudinal studies.
Introduction
Authors: Rössner Philipp Robinson 
Published: April 2021

Capitalism is often assumed to have been invented in the Anglosphere. Writings by Hume and Smith have been named as cornerstones in the making of capitalism and modern economic knowledge. But Smith’s and the other Enlightenment Scots’ works built on a commercial tradition that had been manifest in Anglo-Saxon economics since the sixteenth century or earlier. Moreover, this tradition of thinking about commercial society became quite widespread and in the seventeenth and eighteenth century extended to the entire European continent where it has become commonly known, in its manifold regional and national variants, under the general term CameralismThe usual genealogy of capitalist political economy, foundations of which were established by Marx (Capital, Vol. I), starts with William Petty, Richard Cantillon, Turgot and then winds down a well-known line from Adam Smith to David Ricardo, including John Stuart Mill, and Marx himself. The contributions made by continental Cameralists to the shaping of the political economy of modern capitalism on the other hand have tended to be overlooked. The present paper discusses the wider epistemic vantage points of the present special issue, some basic assumptions, as well as the broad contributions made by subsequent papers to the study of Cameralism not only as a near pan-European economic discourse during the early modern period, but also how different authors from a Cameralist vantage point and spectrum contributed to rise of modern economic analysis and modern political economies of capitalism.