bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delineating the Spatial Patterns of Cell Type–Specific Stemness Using a Statistical Deconvolution Model
Authors: Li Eric J. , Li Liang , Li Ziyi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSummaryCellular stemness is a cells ability to self-renew and differentiate into specialized cell types. In spatial transcriptomics (ST), researchers can use gene activity to quantify stemness and the associated spatial locations, allowing for the investigation of cellular profiles in their natural context. However, many ST platforms provide data with low resolution, and each data spot (i.e., spatial location) contains multiple cell types, which hinders the investigation of cell type–specific (CTS) behaviors, such as cell stemness, at different spatial locations. We developed a bivariate kernel-weighted regression method with constrained optimization to estimate CTS stemness as a function of spatial location and developed accompanying visualization tools. Through simulation studies and an application to real breast cancer ST data from the 10x Genomics Visium platform, we demonstrated that our method can accurately estimate CTS stemness and help shed light on the interplay among cell type, tissue structure, and stemness.Availability and implementationAn R Shiny app implementing the proposed method is available at GitHub (https://github.com/ericli0480/stemness-deconvolution/).Supplementary informationAvailable in a separate PDF file
From theory to practice: using diffusion of innovation and learning strategies to overcome technology implementation challenges
Authors: Anand Manish , Singh Nishant 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The paper aims to look at technology adoption in an enterprise setup and proposes to form an approach based on Roger’s diffusion theory of innovation by aligning the theory to build a learning and development model that can facilitate a smooth, adaptable and successful implementation scenario.

Design/methodology/approach
This study draws on existing literature in the domain of employees’ training and innovative work behavior. It also extensively reviews how training programs can be adopted and implemented by organizations and development leaders.

Findings
The most significant contribution of this study is to highlight how learning programs can be tailored taking into consideration the age distribution of employees within an organization that drive adoption across the lifecycle of implementation of an innovative technology.

Practical implications
The study will help enterprises create a training program by leveraging the diffusion theory in a realistic world. By identifying the employees as per the categories defined in diffusion theory, enterprises can tailor training needs, identify learning curves and position them across their employees that speeds up the adoption besides creating plans for a more successful implementation.

Originality/value
This study suggests new learning and development strategies that every organization should adopt to sustain in global market and expand the learning opportunities for its employees.
A comparative analysis of instructors’ competencies in teaching 21st century skills in between natural and social science streams of study
Authors: Getahun Amsalu Molla 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine instructors’ pedagogical competencies in teaching 21st century skills in between two streams of study.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a mixed-methods research design. The investigation involved collecting data from 322 instructors using a questionnaire and ten participants for interviewees at the selected universities in Ethiopia.FindingsThe results revealed that there were significant differences in the competence of instructors in favor of instructors of natural science. Natural science instructors were relatively more competent in teaching skills such as critical thinking and problem solving, creativity and innovation, communication and information and communication technology.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this study have important implications for universities to have empirical evidence. It provides information about the competency difference between the two streams of study so that it addresses issues for policy improvement.Practical implicationsThe findings suggested that urgent interventions needed to be undertaken to improve teachers’ 21st century pedagogical competence at the selected universities of Ethiopia.Social implicationsThe intervention on the competence of teachers in teaching 21st century skills will have an impact on creating employable graduates. This can fit them into contemporary life and careers.Originality/valueThe paper makes a comparative analysis of the main teaching competencies among teachers of the natural and social sciences. The perspective is interesting, original, and pertinent to contributing knowledge.
Crossing the timescape of the ‘Here and Now’ on Mount Athos
Authors: Paganopoulos Michelangelo 
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on how the monks of Mount Athos embody its unique timescape in their presentation of the monastic self in everyday life, as it emerges out of the musicality of the Athonian landscape. The article unfolds the embodied dialectics in play between the experience of messianic time and its spiritual affordances against which one's bodily resilience is sociomaterially tested in and by the ‘Here and Now’, following the metronomic measuring of time and its historical affordances. By comparing two ways of measuring each ‘hour’, the article further investigates the use value given to one's personal time as an experiential means of teaching the ‘techne of time’ for cultivating a monastic ‘self’ within and against a ‘world’ out there. The article draws three overlapping nested temporal cycles in terms of per‐forming the ‘self’ within the organic community and the institution, through which one naturalizes, synchronizes, and interiorizes the horologion with the tempos of everyday life. Finally, it argues that the crossing from the secular to the monastic timescape disrupts the continuity of common life and its expectations, by opening a self‐revelatory time rupture revealing Eternity in every instance of one's paradoxical presence in the present moment in and out of time.
System dynamics and geometric compromise programming: assessing the impact of entrepreneurship wage subsidies on macroeconomic objectives
Authors: Govce (Gövce) Yusuf Ziya , Uygun Ozer (Özer) , Erkan Enes Furkan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEntrepreneurship plays a crucial role in economic development, and wage subsidies for new firms serve as a key instrument to promote it. This study integrates system dynamics with geometric compromise programming to assess the impact of entrepreneurship wage subsidies on four macroeconomic objectives: maximizing the number of new firms, employment, and tax revenue, while minimizing subsidy costs. It is the first study to combine these methodologies, enabling an analysis of the complex interactions between the labor market, the real sector, and government interventions. Key findings reveal that decision variables, such as subsidy parameters, impact utility objectives with a one‐year lag. Increasing the number of benefit variables extends the optimal subsidy period while reducing the subsidy limit. Most study cases show similar effects for workers and tax revenue. The model developed in this study provides valuable decision support for policymakers, offering insights into the macro‐level dynamics of a national entrepreneurial ecosystem.
Improving Nursing Students' Learning Outcomes in Neonatal Resuscitation: A Quasi‐Experimental Study Comparing AI‐Assisted Care Plan Learning With Traditional Instruction
Authors: Molu Birsel 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThe purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of an artificial intelligence (AI)‐based care plan learning strategy with standard training techniques in order to determine how it affects nursing students' learning results in newborn resuscitation.MethodsSeventy third‐year nursing students from a state university in Türkiye participated in the study. They were split into two groups: the experimental group, which received care plans based on AI, and the control group, which received traditional instruction. The control group underwent traditional training consisting of lectures and skill demonstrations, while the experimental group underwent 4 weeks of training utilising an AI‐based care plan learning approach. Neonatal resuscitation knowledge tests and student information questionnaires were used for pre‐ and post‐test assessments.ResultsWhen compared to the control group, the AI‐based care plan group demonstrated noticeably greater learning achievement in newborn resuscitation. While the two groups' pre‐test results were comparable, the AI‐based education group's post‐test results were noticeably higher than those of the traditional education group. Furthermore, most of the students had favourable opinions on AI applications and acknowledged their advantages for the nursing field.ConclusionThe study's conclusions highlight the benefits of incorporating AI technology into nursing education and highlight how it might improve student learning outcomes for vital competencies like newborn resuscitation.
Reassurance for Patients—Essential Not Optional
Authors: Marx Rani 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAppropriate patient reassurance is an essential feature of clinical practice. My recent experience as a patient, interpreted via my expertise as a health services researcher, led me to insights on ideal and suboptimal reassurance styles in the context of worrisome symptoms. Reassurance is complex: often poorly defined in the scientific literature, rarely rigorously studied, imperfectly understood, and requiring some adaptation to each patient situation. The type and timing of reassurance, balance with additional testing and referrals, paradoxical effects, and myriad patient factors influence reassurance needs and efficacy. My three health problems, occurring in close succession, required numerous consultations, tests, and procedures extending over months. Explicit medically appropriate reassurance notably reduced my concerns and anxiety. Interactions devoid of key reassurance components (acknowledging concerns, contextualising the problem, providing information on risk and next steps and incorporating discussion) exacted an unnecessary psychic toll. The striking differences among my clinicians' approaches illustrate how more thoughtful and salubrious interactions can occur using straightforward existing guidance on best reassurance practices, even without burdensome training, time, or resources.
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Environmental Health Literacy Scale
Authors: Akgül Gündoğdu Nurcan , Selçuk Tosun Alime , Dağcı Günal Büşra 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis study aimed to translate the Environmental Health Literacy Scale (EHLS) into Turkish and assess its construct validity and internal consistency.MethodsThis research employs a methodological design. The research was conducted during the 2022–2023 academic year with a sample of 500 students from the Faculty of Health Sciences. The data were collected via the introductory information form, the EHLS, and the Environmental Awareness Scale of university students. Subsequently, the data were transferred to the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 and IBM SPSS AMOS 23 software programs. Upon evaluation of the research data, frequency distributions for categorical variables and descriptive statistics for numerical variables were provided. Content validity was evaluated through the acquisition of expert approval. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed for scale validity, while Cronbach's α, test–retest and parallel form analyses were utilized for reliability.ResultsThe content validity index of the scale was determined to be 1.00. The scale is constituted of four discrete scales (general, food, air and water), each comprising three dimensions. In consideration of the fit indices, specifically the χ2/df, GFI, TLI, IFI, CFI, RMSEA and SRMR, it can be concluded that the general, food, air and water scales are deemed acceptable. Cronbach's α coefficients for the scales were found to be 0.70, 0.81, 0.83 and 0.79, respectively. In the parallel form analysis, a statistically significant positive relationship was identified between the scales.ConclusionsThe findings of this research indicate that the scale is a reliable instrument for assessing the environmental health literacy levels of undergraduate students enrolled in health sciences programs. It is anticipated that the scale will contribute to the advancement of environmental health literacy awareness.
Fluid overload trajectories and mortality in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Zoccali Carmine , Tripepi Giovanni , Carioni Paola , Mallamaci Francesca , Savoia Matteo , Usvyat Len S , Maddux Franklin W. , Stuard Stefano 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundFluid overload remains critical in managing patients with end‐stage kidney disease. However, there is limited empirical understanding of fluid overload's impact on mortality. This study analyzes fluid overload trajectories and their association with mortality in hemodialysis patients.Methods and patientsThis longitudinal study included 9332 incident hemodialysis patients from the EuCliD database, treated in Fresenius Medical Care NephroCare dialysis centers across seven countries between January 2016 and December 2019, with follow‐up until May 2023. Fluid overload was assessed using bioimpedance spectroscopy, and patients were grouped based on fluid overload trajectories using group‐based trajectory modeling. Cox regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to investigate the relationship between trajectory groups and mortality.ResultsFour distinct fluid overload trajectories were identified. Patients in the highest trajectory group (8.5% of the cohort) had more frequent background cardiovascular complications, lower BMI and serum albumin, and their adjusted mortality risk was 2.20 times higher than the lowest trajectory. There was a dose–response relationship between trajectories and mortality. The incidence rate of death increased with the degree of fluid overload, from 8.6 deaths per 100 person‐years in the lowest trajectory to 18.6 in the highest.ConclusionsThis longitudinal study highlights the significant risk of chronic fluid overload in hemodialysis patients. Latent trajectory analysis provides novel information into the dynamic nature of fluid overload and its impact on mortality in the hemodialysis population.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A COMMUNITY SECURITY BREACH DETECTION AND MITIGATION SYSTEM
Authors: Yanmida Dele Zacheaus , Lwahas Nandom Adoniram  , Sunday Adukwu Livingstone , Adewumi Oyekola Samuel , Sani Uba Kibiya 
Published: December 2024

Security of an arena is crucial as it measures the situation awareness and safety. Security breaches often lead to chaos and attacks that must be managed. This project addressed the development of an air raid siren system that is capable of alerting the public of impending danger. The necessary theory for establishing the basis for the work and the parameters for constructing the security system were considered. The communication within the security system network is wireless, the various stations were determined to be capable of communicating within a 100m radius. These stations that communicate with each other are the breach detection, base station, Ground Control Unit (GCU), and also, air raid siren sections. The first set of sensors detects the intrusion signal and sends the notification to the GCU and then from the GCU to the air raid siren. In this study, the threat is detected when an intruder breaches the monitored environment, an arena of about 600m as captured by ultrasonic sensors which detect motion within the perimeter of intrusion. This signal is transmitted by the NRF24L01 transmitter to the GCU and finally to the air raid siren as a warning of a breach. The microcontrollers that run the wireless transceivers were programmed to carry out specific tasks. The detection unit uses an ultrasonic sensor which sends and receives sound pulses. The time it takes for this to happen is 294μs with a power consumption of 1.52729W. The GCU takes 0.22729W of power while the air raid siren section takes 8.1729W. The air raid siren was traveled up to a distance of 300m. The results show the system design and implementation are quite reliable and can be mass-produced for the community.
FABRICATION AND RULA ANALYSIS OF HAND-ARM REHABILITATION TRAINER FOR CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: Muhammad Rafaie Mustafa  , Shaipudin Muhammad Shamel , Kataraki Pramodkumar S , Farrahnoor Ahmad 
Published: December 2024

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a condition that affects a person’s mobility, muscle tone, and posture, resulting in disability. Individuals with CP often require the assistance of a caregiver to carry out their daily activities. Hence, strengthening their hands through exercise is critical in increasing voluntary control. A hand-arm trainer is a tool that provides assistive training for CP patients during therapy to strengthen their hands. It improves motor skills, particularly in the forearm and wrist areas, because one of the most important functions of the limbs is the ability of the hands to grab and hold objects. This study was conducted to develop a hand-arm trainer for children with CP aged six to twelve years old who have Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level III and IV. The outstanding design was selected based on the highest score. Using the Pugh Concept Selection Method, Design 2 was chosen because it received the highest-ranking score compared to the other two designs. According to SOLIDWORKS simulation results, the maximum stress for Design 2 is 19.845 x 107 N/m2, while the maximum yield stress is 22.059 x 107 N/m2. The selected raw materials for Design 2 cost approximately RM 49.30 and weigh 5.438 kg. Adjustable height, adjustable resistance, and ease of maintenance are just a few features of the chosen hand-arm trainer in fabricated Design 2. The level of risk of disorder using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) was conducted in accordance with the anthropometric dimensions of children under 12 years old. The detailed design of manikin posture is modelled and analysed. A RULA score of 3 was obtained, indicating that the person is working in a posture that could present some risk of injury from their work posture. Therefore, a change in work posture may be necessary to avoid the risk of injury.
THE VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY OF A SINGLE-CYLINDER SPARK-IGNITION ENGINE AS AFFECTED BY AIR INTAKE TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
Authors: Mat Som A. Hafiz , Basri M. Hisyam , Che Mat S. , Pahmi Arif , Rabilah R. , Azmi H. 
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, there are an increasing demand for energy efficiency and emission reduction by the internal combustion engine. It can be achieved by improving the volumetric efficiency of spark ignition engine. The air intake temperature and humidity give an impact to the volumetric efficiency. Thus, the goal of this study is to investigate the impacts of air intake temperature and humidity on the volumetric efficiency of a single cylinder spark ignition engine. This study was facilitated using Altair HyperStudy. It was executed by full factorial design of experiments (DOE). The effects of engine speed, air intake temperature, and humidity towards the volumetric efficiency was assessed based on one-dimensional engine simulation. The ANOVA analysis showed a positive correlation between engine speed and volumetric efficiency. There is a negative effect found for the air intake temperature. However, a negligible impact of humidity obtained in this study. The optimal configuration for achieving a maximum volumetric efficiency of 0.97 was identified at 4500 RPM, 26 degrees Celsius, and 68.0% humidity. It is suggested by the results that while engine speed has a significant impact on volumetric efficiency, temperature and humidity also play important roles in optimizing engine performance. These insights are valuable for designing and operating more efficient and environmentally friendly engines.
A quantitative version of Northcott's theorem on points of bounded height: The function field case
Authors: Thunder Jeffrey Lin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLet be a finite algebraic extension of the field of rational functions in one indeterminate over a finite field and let denote an algebraic closure of . For given integers and we count points in projective space with absolute logarithmic height and generating an extension of degree over . Specifically, we derive an asymptotic estimate for the number of such points as when and orders of growth for the number of such points when .
The Chini integrability condition in second order Lovelock gravity
Authors: Ismail Mohammed O. E. , Maharaj Sunil D. , Brassel Byron P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We analyse neutral and charged matter distributions in second order Lovelock gravity, also known as Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity, in arbitrary dimensions for a static, spherically symmetric spacetime. We first transform the charged condition of pressure isotropy, an Abel differential equation of the second kind, into canonical form. We then determine a systematic approach to integrate the condition of pressure isotropy by showing that the canonical form is a Chini differential equation. The Chini invariant, which allows the master differential equation to be separable, is identified. This enables us to find three new general solutions, in implicit form, to the condition of pressure isotropy. We also show that previously obtained exact specific solutions arise as special cases in our general class of models. The Chini invariant does not arise in general relativity; it is a distinguishing feature of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity.
Higher precision constraints on the tau $$g-2$$ in LHC photon-initiated production: a full account of hadron dissociation and soft survival effects
Authors: Harland-Lang L. A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present the first calculation of photon-initiated

$$\tau $$

τ

pair production in the presence of non-zero anomalous magnetic (

$$a_\tau $$

a
τ

) and/or electric dipole (

$$d_\tau $$

d
τ

) moments of the

$$\tau $$

τ

lepton that accounts for the non-trivial interplay between these modifications with the soft survival factor and the possibility of dissociation of the hadron (proton or ion) beam. The impact of these is on general grounds not expected to have a uniform dependence on the value of

$$a_\tau , d_\tau $$

a
τ

,

d
τ

, but in all previous analyses this assumption has been made. We have therefore investigated the importance of these effects in the context of photon-initiated

$$\tau $$

τ

pair production in both pp and PbPb collisions. This is in general found to be relatively small, at the percent level in terms of any extracted limits or observations of

$$a_\tau , d_\tau $$

a
τ

,

d
τ

, such that these effects can indeed be safely ignored in existing experimental analyses. However, as the precision of such determinations increases in the future, the relevance of these effects will likewise increase. With this in mind we have made our calculation publicly available in the Monte Carlo generator, including the possibility to simulate this process for varying

$$a_\tau , d_\tau $$

a
τ

,

d
τ

without rerunning.