bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Paradox Perspective and the Dialectics of Contradictions Research
Authors: Hargrave Timothy J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This chapter compares paradox and dialectical perspectives on managing contradictions and engages the debate on the further development of the paradox perspective. This perspective provides guidance to managers on how they can increase organizational effectiveness in the face of seemingly irreconcilable tensions. It presents contradictions as persistent, stable, separable, and controllable. The dialectical perspective, in contrast, depicts contradictions as difficult to disentangle from their contexts, continuously changing, and transformed through oppositional processes. While paradox scholars have called for incorporation of dialectics into the paradox perspective, they have done so in a way that preserves rather than challenges or expands the conceptual core of the paradox perspective. This chapter advocates that scholars take a dialectical approach and experiment in establishing a new perspective that sublates the paradox and dialectical perspectives. This contradictions perspective would situate the experience of paradox as one moment in time within a never-ending dialectical process. I briefly discuss the possible outline of this perspective and highlight articles that have moved in its direction.
Mortality and cause of death in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and polyarteritis nodosa in Australia—a population-based study
Authors: Tieu Joanna , Lester Susan , Raymond Warren , Keen Helen I , Hill Catherine L , Nossent Johannes 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
We compared survival and causes of death in Western Australian (WA) ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and PAN patients with controls and the WA population.

Methods
In this data linkage study, we identified patients with incident AAV/PAN and age, sex and temporally matched controls 1980–2014 from the WA Rheumatic Disease Epidemiological Registry. Survival analyses and time-varying analyses were performed.

Results
Six hundred and fourteen patients with incident AAV/PAN were compared with 6672 controls; 229 AAV/PAN patients died over 5277 person-years of follow-up and 1009 controls died over 73835 person-years. Survival was reduced in patients with AAV/PAN compared with matched controls [hazard ratio (HR) 3.5 (95% CI: 3.1, 4.1)], and matched WA population rates [standardized mortality ratio 3.3 (95% CI: 2.9, 3.8)]. Greatest excess mortality in AAV/PAN patients was observed in the first year after diagnosis and remained higher than controls throughout follow-up. Greater excess mortality was observed in patients &gt;60 years at diagnosis. In cause-specific analyses, mortality HR for vasculitis, infection and non-infective respiratory disease were greatest early after diagnosis and remained persistently elevated. The HRs for malignancy and cerebrovascular disease related deaths increased during follow-up, and were constant for ischaemic heart disease related deaths.

Conclusion
Mortality was increased in AAV/PAN patients compared with controls, with patients older at diagnosis at greater risk. These findings provide mortality risk for AAV/PAN in an Australian population, highlighting key contributors to mortality at different time periods over follow-up and potential areas of focus for reducing mortality.
Depression and Anxiety Management in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Ho Haily , Jose Isabel , Cheesman Molly , Garrison Christina , Bishop Krista , Taber Samantha , Witt Jennifer , Sin Mo-Kyung 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are common but underrecognized and undertreated nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) due to their diagnostic criteria overlapping with other PD symptoms, limited randomized controlled studies in this specific population, and the need for multidisciplinary expertise. The purpose of this article is to offer evidence-based solutions for managing comorbid depression and anxiety in patients with PD through a case study analysis. CASE STUDY: A case study is used to illustrate the somatic manifestations of anxiety in PD that leads to diagnostic challenge and multidisciplinary management. MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS: The appropriate use of screening tools, pharmacological and nonpharmacological management, and education are important interventions to consider when treating depression and anxiety in PD. CONCLUSION: Effective management requires accurate assessments, individualized treatment modalities, and patient education. Nurses who are knowledgeable about the effects and management of mood disorders in PD can play an integral role in the multidisciplinary team approach for assessment, patient and caregiver education, and treatment plan implementation.
Prevalence of rapid response systems in small hospitals
Authors: Hosokawa Koji , Kamada Hiroki , Ota Kohei , Yamaga Satoshi , Ishii Junki , Shime Nobuaki 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The rapid response system (RRS) was introduced for early stage intervention in patients with deteriorating clinical conditions. Responses to unexpected in-hospital patient emergencies varied among hospitals. This study was conducted to understand the prevalence of RRS in smaller hospitals and to identify the need for improvements in the responses to in-hospital emergencies.
A questionnaire survey of 971 acute-care hospitals in western Japan was conducted from May to June 2019 on types of in-hospital emergency response for patients in cardiac arrest (e.g., medical emergency teams [METs]), before obvious deterioration (e.g., rapid response teams [RRTs]), and areas for improvement.
We received 149 responses, including those from 56 smaller hospitals (≤200 beds), which provided fewer responses than other hospitals. Response systems for cardiac arrest were used for at least a limited number of hours in 129 hospitals (87%). The absence of RRS was significantly more frequent in smaller hospitals than in larger hospitals (13/56, 23% vs 1/60, 2%; P < .01). METs and RRTs operated in 17 (11%) and 15 (10%) hospitals, respectively, and the operation rate for RRTs was significantly lower in smaller hospitals than in larger hospitals (1/56, 2% vs 12/60, 20%; P < .01). Respondents identified the need for education and more medical staff and supervisors; data collection or involvement of the medical safety management sector was ranked low.
The prevalence of RRS or predetermined responses before obvious patient deterioration was ≤10% in small hospitals. Specific education and appointment of supervisors could support RRS in small hospitals.
Gender distribution in emergency medicine journals: editorial board memberships in top-ranked academic journals
Authors: Ravioli Svenja , Rupp Adrienne , Exadaktylos Aristomenis K. , Lindner Gregor 
Published: June 2021

Objective
Despite an established gender gap in academic medicine, evidence on gender diversity in emergency medicine is scarce. In the present study, gender distribution of editorial boards and among editors-in-chief of 31 emergency medicine journals was investigated in 2020/2021 and compared to 2015 and 2010. Additionally, gender distribution in editorial boards of emergency medicine journals was compared to editorial boards in five different medical specialties.

Methods
In this cross-sectional analysis, gender of editorial board members and editors-in-chief of journals ranked in the Clarivate Analytics ‘Journal Citation Report’ (JCR) of 2019 in the sections ‘Emergency Medicine’, ‘Medicine General and Internal’, ‘Surgery’, ‘Obstetrics and Gynecology’, ‘Pediatrics’ and ‘Orthopedics’ were analyzed.

Results
In the investigated 31 emergency medicine journals, three out of 35 editors-in-chief (9%) and 299 out of 1810 editorial board members (17%) were women in 2020/2021. In 2015 and 2010, two editors-in-chief were women (13% vs. 15%). In 2015, 19% of editorial board members were women and in 2010 it was 18%, respectively. There was no significant difference in gender distribution among editors-in-chief and editorial board members comparing 2020/2021 with 2015 and 2010 (P = 0.76 vs. P = 0.40, respectively). There was a lower percentage of women in editorial boards of emergency medicine journals compared to the top five JCR-ranked journals in the categories ‘Medicine General and Internal’, ‘Surgery’, ‘Gynecology and Obstetrics’ and ‘Pediatrics’.

Conclusion
The gender gap in editorial boards and among editors-in-chief of emergency medicine journals seems to be consistent for the last 10 years. Gender disparity appears to be substantial in academic emergency medicine: The percentage of women in emergency medicine editorial boards was lower compared to editorial boards of four other medical specialties.
Accepting the Incomprehensible
Authors: Wigand Moritz E. , Hoff Paul , Steger Florian , Becker Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of this article is to propose that reading Samuel Beckett's novels can improve compassionate acceptance of mental phenomena and human behavior deemed incomprehensible. In a narrative inquiry into all of Beckett's novels, we could discern nihilism and existential insecurity as themes both central to Beckett's prose and relevant in working with people with severe mental disorders. By deconstructing narrative structures and struggling to say the unsayable, Beckett can provide a perspective that goes beyond rational understanding. Beckett's prose can extend our imagination of mental and embodied phenomena by describing absurd and incomprehensible aspects of human experience and behavior. His unique sense of humor in dealing with bleak, meaningless situations and the acceptance and perseverance that his characters show in their struggles could help promote compassionate therapeutic relationships and improve clinical teaching in psychiatry. This can help psychiatrists and patients to face the existential aspects of mental illness, “limit situations” according to Jaspers, in a manner both respectful and open to subjective views.
Psychological Strain and Suicidal Behaviors Among Medical Students in Northwest, China
Authors: Wang Liqun , Wang Zhizhong , Jia Cunxian , Sun Xiaoya , He Zhiqiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although most studies have shown the psychological strains associated with increased risk of suicidal behaviors, how psychological strains are linked to suicidal behaviors is still unclear. The current study examines the possible mediation effect of psychological distress and hopelessness on the relationship between psychological strains and suicidal behaviors among Chinese medical college students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018 involving 5703 medical college students, and the 12-month prevalence of suicidal behaviors was 12.89%. Psychological strains significantly associated with suicidal behaviors, and psychological distress and hopelessness partially explained this relationship. A positive psychological intervention program is needed to buffer the psychological strains, which is a crucial predictor for suicidal behaviors among Chinese medical college students.
Impact of Parental Impulsivity on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Authors: Tulacı Özge Demircan , Çetinkaya Miray , Tulacı Rıza Gökçer , Kara Halil , Eraslan Ayşe Nihal , Durukan Ibrahim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that occurs early in school-aged children, and it is highly comorbid with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Parents of children with ADHD frequently show mental problems related to impulsivity. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between impulsivity of the mothers and the symptom patterns and severity of children. A total of 85 children between the ages of 6 and 12 and their mothers participated. Conners' Parent and Teacher Scales, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders, and ıowa gambling task were applied. We found a positive correlation between the impulsivity of the mothers and the total symptom severity of ADHD and ODD in children. During the treatment process of ADHD, the evaluation of impulsivity in mothers of children with ODD comorbidity and treatment of impulsivity in the mother would be beneficial. In future studies, examining the effects after treatment of impulsivity may contribute to the literature.
Coordinated Fc-effector and neutralization functions in HIV-infected children define a window of opportunity for HIV vaccination
Authors: Nduati Eunice W. , Gorman Mathew J. , Sein Yiakon , Hermanus Tandile , Yuan Dansu , Oyaro Ian , Muema Daniel M. , Ndung’u Thumbi , Alter Galit , Moore Penny L. 
Published: June 2021

Objectives:
Antibody function has been extensively studied in HIV-infected adults but is relatively understudied in children. Emerging data suggests enhanced development of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) in children but Fc effector functions in this group are less well defined. Here, we profiled overall antibody function in HIV-infected children.

Design:
Plasma samples from a cross-sectional study of 50 antiretroviral therapy-naive children (aged 1–11 years) vertically infected with HIV-1 clade A were screened for HIV-specific binding antibody levels and neutralizing and Fc-mediated functions.

Methods:
Neutralization breadth was determined against a globally representative panel of 12 viruses. HIV-specific antibody levels were determined using a multiplex assay. Fc-mediated antibody functions measured were antibody-dependent: cellular phagocytosis (ADCP); neutrophil phagocytosis (ADNP); complement deposition (ADCD) and natural killer function (ADNK).

Results:
All children had HIV gp120-specific antibodies, largely of the IgG1 subtype. Fifty-four percent of the children exhibited more than 50% neutralization breadth, with older children showing significantly broader neutralization activity. Apart from ADCC, observed only in 16% children, other Fc-mediated functions were common (>58% children). Neutralization breadth correlated with Fc-mediated functions suggesting shared determinants of enhanced antibody function exist.

Conclusions:
These results are consistent with previous observations that children may develop high levels of neutralization breadth. Furthermore, the striking association between neutralization breadth and Fc effector function suggests that HIV vaccination in children could yield multifunctional antibodies. Paediatric populations may therefore provide an ideal window of opportunity for HIV vaccination strategies.
Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 Outperforms 18F-FDG PET/CT in Identifying the Primary Lesion and Rare Metastases From Gastric Cancer
Authors: Kou Ying , Yao Zhiwei , Cheng Zhuzhong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A 45-year-old woman with gastric cancer underwent FDG PET/CT for initial staging. However, the primary and the metastatic lesions were observed with low or no FDG uptake. Then, the patient underwent fibroblast-activated protein inhibitor PET/CT 2 days later, which demonstrated more lesions and much higher tumor-to-background contrast than FDG PET/CT did.
Cholesterol Granuloma
Authors: Bahri Haifa , Chassagne-Clement Catherine , Michallet Anne-Sophie , Mognetti Thomas , Nicolas-Virelizier Emmanuelle 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cholesterol granuloma (CG) is a foreign body–type granuloma that forms in response to cholesterol crystals. Its etiology and pathogenesis are unclear. 18F-FDG is not a tumor-specific agent. Fibroblasts, macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells also take up 18F-FDG. Like sarcoid granulomas or fibrous dysplasia, CG avidly takes up 18F-FDG and can mimic tumor involvement. We present 2 cases of histologically proven CG, which has been misinterpreted as active residual Hodgkin lymphoma lesion.
18F-FDG PET/CT of Primary Tracheal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Junhao , Tao Yi , Liu Ya , Wang Yingwei , Zhang Chunyin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma in the trachea is a very rare tumor. A 40-year-old woman presented with persisting cough and wheezing over 2 months. A CT scan showed a mass in the tracheal wall. The bronchoscopic biopsy confirmed adenoid cystic carcinoma. 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed to evaluate the tracheal mass, which showed an FDG-avid mass in the right posterior tracheal wall.
PSMA-Ligand Uptake in Disseminated Epidermoid Cysts in a PSMA PET/CT of a Patient With Recurrent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Bohn Karl Peter , Alberts Ian , Mingels Clemens , Rominger Axel , Afshar-Oromieh Ali 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PSMA PET/CT is routinely used for the detection of prostate cancer (PC). However, increased PSMA-ligand uptake has been described in a variety of benign and malignant tissues. A 71-year-old man with biochemical recurrence of PC initially treated with radical prostatectomy was referred for PSMA-ligand PET/CT. Apart from 1 lymph node with intense PSMA-ligand uptake, suspicious for metastasis, disseminated PSMA-ligand–avid subcutaneous lesions were seen. Histopathology of 1 of these lesions revealed an epidermoid cyst. Physicians should remain cognizant of non–PC-related causes of increased PSMA-ligand uptake, of which this case represent yet another example.
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy by 177Lu-DOTATATE of a Secreting Cervical Paraganglioma
Authors: Deville Agathe , Pinigina Iuliia , Al Mansour Laure , Abeillon Juliette , Tordo Jeremie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A 59-year-old man with a parapharyngeal paraganglioma incidentally discovered on a cervical swelling was referred to our nuclear medicine department for a morpho-metabolic assessment. An 18F-FDG PET/CT was initially performed and found an intense hypermetabolism of the lesion and a hypermetabolism of the periadrenal brown fat evoking catecholamine secretion. An additional 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT was performed, showing an overexpression of the somatostatin receptors of this isolated paraganglioma. After multidisciplinary discussion, a peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with somatostatin analogs using 177Lu-DOTATATE as a compassionate measure was carried out.
Vaccination reduces need for emergency care in breakthrough COVID-19 infections: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Bahl Amit , Johnson Steven , Maine Gabriel , Garcia Martha Hernandez , Nimmagadda Srinivasa , Qu Lihua , Chen Nai-Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImportanceWhile recent literature has shown the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine in preventing infection, its impact on need for emergency care/hospitalization in breakthrough infections remain unclear, particularly in regions with a high rate of variant viral strains.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine if vaccination reduces hospital visits and severe disease in breakthrough COVID-19 infections.DesignMulticenter observational cohort analysisSettingEight-hospital acute care regional health system in Michigan, USAParticipantsConsecutive adult patients with COVID-19 requiring emergency care (EC)/hospitalization were eligible participants. Between December 15, 2020 and April 30, 2021, 11,834 EC encounters with COVID-19 infection were included.ExposuresCOVID-19 vaccinationMain Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary endpoint was rate of COVID-19 emergency care/hospitalization encounters comparing unvaccinated (UV), partially vaccinated (PV), and fully vaccinated (FV) cases. Secondary outcome was severe disease represented as a composite outcome (ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death).Demographic and clinical variables were obtained from the electronic record. Vaccination data was obtained from the Michigan Care Improvement Registry and the Centers for Disease Control vaccine tracker.Results10,880 (91.9%) UV, 825 (7%) PV, and 129 (1.1%) FV were included. Average age was 53.0 ± 18.2 and 52.8% were female. Accounting for the COVID-19 vaccination population groups in Michigan, the ED encounters/hospitalizations rate relevant to COVID-19 infection was 96% lower in FV versus UV (eβ:0.04,95% CI 0.03 to 0.06, p <0.001) in negative binomial regression. COVID-19 EC visits rate peaked at 22.61, 12.88, and 1.29 visits per 100000 for the UV, PV, and FV groups, respectively. In the propensity-score matching weights analysis, FV had a lower risk of composite disease compared to UV but statistically insignificant (HR 0.84 95% CI 0.52 to 1.38).ConclusionsThe need for emergency care and/or hospitalization due to breakthrough COVID-19 is an exceedingly rare event in fully vaccinated patients. As vaccination has increased within our region, emergency visits amongst fully vaccinated individuals have remained low and occur much less frequently when compared to unvaccinated individuals. In cases of breakthrough COVID-19, if hospital-based treatment is required, elderly patients with significant comorbidities remain at high risk for severe outcomes regardless of vaccination status.
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Utilizes Processing Bodies to Escape Translational Repression in Arabidopsis
Authors: Hoffmann Gesa , Mahboubi Amir , Garcia Damien , Hanson Johannes , Hafrén Anders 
Published: June 2021

AbstractViral infections impose extraordinary RNA stress on a cell, triggering cellular RNA surveillance pathways like RNA decapping, nonsense-mediated decay and RNA silencing. Viruses need to maneuver between these pathways to establish infection and succeed in producing high amounts of viral proteins. Processing bodies (PBs) are integral to RNA triage in eukaryotic cells with several distinct RNA quality control pathways converging for selective RNA regulation. In this study, we investigate the role of Arabidopsis thaliana PBs during Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) infection. We find that several PB components are co-opted into viral replication factories and support virus multiplication. This pro-viral role was not associated with RNA decay pathways but instead, we could establish PB components as essential helpers in viral RNA translation. While CaMV is normally resilient to RNA silencing, PB dysfunctions expose the virus to this pathway, similar to previous observations on transgenes. Transgenes, however, undergo RNA Quality Control dependent RNA degradation, whereas CaMV RNA remains stable but becomes translationally repressed through decreased ribosome association, revealing a unique dependence between PBs, RNA silencing and translational repression. Together, our study shows that PB components are co-opted by the virus to maintain efficient translation, a mechanism not associated with canonical PB functions.