bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus Disease 2019-Associated Mucormycosis in France: A Rare but Deadly Complication
Authors: Danion François , Letscher-Bru Valérie , Guitard Juliette , Sitbon Karine , Dellière Sarah , Angoulvant Adela , Desoubeaux Guillaume , Botterel Francoise , Bellanger Anne-Pauline , Gargala Gilles , Uhel Fabrice , Bougnoux Marie-Elisabeth , Gerber Victor , Michel Justin , Cornu Marjorie , Bretagne Stéphane , Lanternier Fanny ,   COVID-Mucor study group, Merdji Hamid , Delabranche Xavier , Parrot Antoine , Voiriot Guillaume , Urbina Tomas , Mebazaa Alexandre , Chousterman Benjamin , El Kalioubie Ahmed , Six Sophie , Coulon Pauline , Sendid Boualem , Anguel Nadia , Damoisel Charles , Mussini Charlotte , Villate Alban , Navellou Jean-Christophe , Girault Christophe , Cassagne Carole , Augereau Olivier , Dromer Francoise , Garcia-Hermoso Dea , Lortholary Olivier , Alanio Alexandre 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We studied COVID-19 associated mucormycosis based on 17 cases reported nationwide and assessed the differences with India. They differed by frequencies of diabetes mellitus (47% in France versus up to 95% in India), hematological malignancies (35% versus 1%), anatomical sites (12% versus &gt;80% rhino-orbito-cerebral) and prognosis (88% mortality versus &lt;50%).
Going Underwater? Flood Risk Belief Heterogeneity and Coastal Home Price Dynamics
Authors: Bakkensen Laura A , Barrage Lint 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
How do climate risk beliefs affect coastal housing markets? This paper provides theoretical and empirical evidence. First, we build a dynamic housing market model and show that belief heterogeneity can reconcile prior mixed evidence on flood risk capitalization. Second, we implement a door-to-door survey in Rhode Island, finding significant flood risk underestimation and sorting based on risk perceptions and amenity values. Third, we estimate that coastal prices exceed fundamentals by 6$\%$-13$\%$ in our benchmark area, with potentially higher overvaluation in other locations. Finally, we quantify both allocative inefficiency and distributional consequences arising from flood risk misperceptions and insurance policy reform.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Tied Staying on the Rise? Declining Migration among Co-Breadwinner Couples in the United States, 1990s to 2010s
Authors: Erickson Matt , Kim ChangHwan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study examines a possible connection between shifting gender and family norms and declining internal migration. Using data from the 1989–1998 and 2009–2018 Annual Social and Economic Supplements of the Current Population Survey, we examine whether co-breadwinner married couples have become less likely to migrate within the US relative to couples with a sole or primary breadwinner. We find a general U-shaped association between wives’ share of a married couple’s income and that couple’s likelihood of moving across state or county lines; in both time periods, couples were least likely to move when their incomes were roughly equal. However, we find this U-shaped pattern grew more pronounced in the 2010s compared with the 1990s: Over time, co-breadwinner couples became increasingly less likely to move relative to other married couples. Given that family migration decision-making has historically been gendered, this suggests dual-career married couples have become less willing to uproot women’s careers for the benefit of men’s. We argue the most likely reason for this change in behavior is a shift in norms governing the gender division of labor—in particular, a shift away from the cultural model of the male breadwinner. Based on a decomposition analysis, we estimate this change explains about one-third of the overall decline in migration among married couples ages 25–39 between the 1990s and 2010s.
Propensity Scored Analysis of Outpatient Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Kamalapathy Pramod N. , Bell Joshua , Chen Dennis , Raso Jon , Hassanzadeh Hamid 
Published: November 2021

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
The aim were to (1) evaluate differences in postoperative outcomes and cost associated with outpatient anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) compared with inpatient ALIF, and to (2) identify independent factors contributing to complications after outpatient ALIF.

Summary of Background:
While lumbar fusion is traditionally performed inpatient, outpatient spinal surgery is becoming more commonplace as surgical techniques improve.

Methods:
The study population included all patients below 85 years of age who underwent elective ALIF (CPT-22558). Patients were then divided into those who underwent single-level fusion and multilevel fusion using the corresponding additional level fusion codes (CPT-22585). These resulting populations were then split into outpatient and inpatient cohorts by using a service location modifier. To account for selection bias, propensity score matching was performed; the inpatient cohorts were matched with respect to the outpatient cohorts based on age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05 and the Bonferroni correction was used for each multiple comparison (P<0.004).

Results:
Patients undergoing outpatient procedure had decreased rates of medical complications following both single-level and multilevel ALIF. In addition, age above 60, female sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index>3, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and tobacco use were all identified as independent risk factors for increased complications. Finally, the cost of outpatient ALIF was $12,013 while the cost of inpatient ALIF was $27,271 (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
The findings add to the growing body of literature advocating for the utilization of ALIF in the outpatient setting for a properly selected group of patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Doravirine: its role in HIV treatment
Authors: Stockdale Alexander J. , Khoo Saye 
Published: November 2021

Purpose of review
We reviewed evidence concerning the novel nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor doravirine, aiming to identify situations where it may be selected in preference to integrase inhibitors.

Recent findings
Doravirine is licenced for the treatment of HIV-1 in North America and Europe. In two multicentre randomized controlled trials, noninferiority with comparator drugs efavirenz and darunavir/ritonavir was observed at 96 weeks. Doravirine is associated with a lower incidence of neuropsychiatric side effects relative to efavirenz, and favourable lipid changes relative to darunavir over 96 weeks. A lower incidence of weight gain, relative to indirect comparisons with integrase inhibitors, was observed. Doravirine has a high genetic barrier to resistance with retained activity in the presence of single NNRTI mutations K103N, Y181C and G190A. Primary drug resistance is infrequent and may be higher in South Africa relative to European populations. Doravirine may be used in renal or hepatic impairment and has a low potential for drug–drug interactions.

Summary
Doravirine is a well tolerated and effective agent in ART-naive patients. Direct comparison with integrase inhibitors, and evidence on the outcomes of treatment with doravirine in the presence of prior NNRTI experience are required to better elucidate which patients will benefit most from doravirine therapy.
Unraveling the Cardiac Effects Induced by Carvacrol in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Involvement of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin Subfamily 4 and 7 Channels
Authors: Alves Quiara L. , da Silva Santos Paôla V. , Santos William A. , Dantas Damasceno Suiane C. , de Jesus Rafael L. C. , Froes Thamires Q. , Castilho Marcelo S. , Barbosa Andrezza M. , de Moraes Gomes Enéas R. , dos Santos Cruz Jader , Silva Darízy F. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Accumulating evidence indicates that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are involved in the pathophysiological process in the heart, and monoterpenes, such as carvacrol, are able to modulate these channels activity. In this article, our purpose was to evaluate the direct cardiac effect of carvacrol on the contractility of cardiomyocytes and isolated right atria from spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats. In this way, in vitro experiments were used to evaluate the ventricular cardiomyocytes contractility and the Ca2+ transient measuring, in addition to heart rhythm in the right atria. The role of TRPM channels in carvacrol-mediated cardiac activities was also investigated. The results demonstrated that carvacrol induced a significant reduction in ventricular cell contractility, without changes in transient Ca2+. In addition, carvacrol promoted a significant negative chronotropic response in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats' atria. Selective blockage of TRPM channels suggests the involvement of TRP melastatin subfamily 2 (TRPM2), TRPM4, and TRPM7 in the carvacrol-mediated cardiac effects. In silico studies were conducted to further investigate the putative role of TRPM4 in carvacrol-mediated cardiac action. FTMap underscores a conserved pocket in both TRPM4 and TRPM7, revealing a potential carvacrol binding site, and morphological similarity analysis demonstrated that carvacrol shares a more than 85% similarity to 9-phenanthrol. Taken together, these results suggest that carvacrol has direct cardiac actions, leading to reduced cellular contractility and inducing a negative chronotropic effect, which may be related to TRPM7 and TRPM4 modulation.
Rutaecarpine Prevents High Glucose-Induced Endothelial Cell Senescence Through Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Subtype 1/ SIRT1 Pathway
Authors: Xiong Yan , Wang Han-Xia , Yan Hang , Zhu Si-Lu , Guo Shu-Wen , Peng Wei-Jie , Luo Dan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
SIRT1 functions as a longevity factor to counteract vascular aging induced by high glucose. Our previous study revealed that rutaecarpine, the natural agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1), prevented high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of rutaecarpine on endothelial cell senescence induced by high glucose, and focus on the regulatory effect on SIRT1 expression. In cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), exposure to 33 mM high glucose for 72 hours induced cellular senescence, demonstrated as cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, decreased cell viability, and increased number of senescence-associated β-galactosidase positive senescence cells and ROS production, which were effectively attenuated by treatment with rutaecarpine (0.3, 1, and 3 μM). Furthermore, rutaecarpine upregulated longevity protein SIRT1 expression in HUVECs, accompanied by decreased level of senescence marker p21. In addition, rutaecarpine increased intracellular calcium level in HUVECs, and pretreatment with TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine, intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM or CaM antagonist W-7 abolished the effects of rutaecarpine on SIRT1 expression. In summary, this study shows that rutaecarpine upregulates SIRT1 expression and prevents high glucose-induced endothelial cell senescence, which is related to activation of TRPV1/[Ca2+]i/CaM signal pathway. Our findings provide evidence that rutaecarpine may be a promising candidate with a novel mechanism in prevention vascular aging in diabetes.
Polyherbal Formulation Ameliorates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Through Attenuation of Cardiac Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Via NF-κB/Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathway in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Uddandrao V. V. Sathibabu , Parim Brahmanaidu , Singaravel Sengottuvelu , Ponnusamy Ponmurugan , Ponnusamy Chandrasekaran , Sasikumar Vadivukkarasi , Saravanan Ganapathy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
The present study was intended to evaluate the effect of polyherbal formulation (PHF) made with 3 nutraceuticals, such as Piper nigrum, Terminalia paniculata, and Bauhinia purpurea on inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), which is induced by streptozotocin and nicotinamide administration in rats. We supplemented DCM rats with PHF (250 and 500 mg/kg/BW) for 45 days and evaluated their effects on oxidative stress markers, proinflammatory cytokines, and messenger RNA expressions of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) and its linked genes [heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase, catalase] along with inflammatory genes [tumour necrosis factor α and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)]. Our study demonstrated that PHF successfully attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress via messenger RNA upregulation of Nrf-2, HO-1, superoxide dismutase, and catalase and concomitantly with downregulation of tumour necrosis factor α and NF-κB. Conversely, PHF also protected hyperglycemia-mediated cardiac damage, which was confirmed with histopathological and scanning electron microscopy analysis. In conclusion, our results suggested that PHF successfully ameliorated hyperglycemia-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress via regulation of NF-κB/Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Therefore, these results recommend that PHF may be a prospective therapeutic agent for DCM.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Elderly Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Who Are Not Candidates for Warfarin in Real-World Setting
Authors: Lo Catherine T. , Niu Fang , Fredriks Dean A. , Hui Rita L. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Limited literature has established the role of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) for elderly patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who are unsuited for warfarin. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness and safety of DOAC use in this vulnerable patient population. This was a retrospective propensity score matching cohort study. Among all patients aged 75+ years who were not candidates for warfarin, we matched those who initiated DOAC between September 2017 and September 2018 with those who did not receive DOAC or warfarin in a 1:1 ratio. Effectiveness outcome was a composite measure of stroke, transient ischemic attack, and pulmonary embolism. Safety outcome was a composite measure of non–trauma-related intracranial hemorrhage and gastrointestinal bleed. Unless patients died or lost membership, follow-up period for the effectiveness outcome was until the end of 2019, whereas the safety outcome was for a period up to 1 year. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze both outcomes. We identified 7818 patients who met the inclusion criteria and started DOAC, which matched to 7818 patients who did not receive anticoagulants. The mean age was 82.3 ± 5.1 years, and 51.5% male. The DOAC group had a lower hazard ratio of 0.37 (confidence interval, 0.24–0.57; P < 0.01) for composite effectiveness outcomes, whereas no difference in the composite safety outcome (hazard ratio, 0.91; confidence interval, 0.65–1.25; P = 0.55) when compared with matched control. In conclusion, DOAC was found to be effective in preventing thromboembolic events in patients aged 75+ years with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who were not eligible for warfarin.
Clinical Presentation, Investigation and Control of an Outbreak of Adenoviral Conjunctivitis in a Neonatal Unit at a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Thakur Anchal , Goyal Kapil , Chauhan Poonam , Sharma Bhawna , Kant Dhir Shashi , Katoch Deeksha , Biswal Manisha , Talati Shweta , Bhogal Ranjitpal Singh , Mohan Lalit , Sapra Monika , Gupta Amit , Sundaram Venkataseshan , Dutta Sourabh , Kumar Praveen , Singh Mini P. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Nosocomial spread of adenovirus infection has been reported in neonatal, pediatric and adult medical units. This nonenveloped and hardy virus is resistant to numerous disinfectants thus posing a challenge for control and prevention of adenovirus infections in health care settings.

Methods:
An epidemiologic outbreak investigation revealed an adenoviral outbreak in the neonatal nursery as well as in the neonatal screening outpatient department for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP). All suspected cases (94 neonates) underwent adenoviral conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and representative samples underwent sequencing by Sanger’s method. The clinical features and disease course were studied. Infected babies were started on tobramycin eye drops. Topical steroid eye drops were added for those who developed pseudomembranes.

Results:
We found 58 cases of laboratory-confirmed neonatal adenovirus conjunctivitis (between July 10 and October 24, 2019). Redness (96%) was the most common presentation followed by discharge (68.9%) and lid edema (51.7%). Pseudomembrane were seen in 77.5% of the infected neonates. Prior ROP examination was carried out in 38 (65.5%) neonates. Respiratory symptoms were present in 7 (12.06%) neonates. Sequencing revealed serotype 8 as the cause of the outbreak. Control measures were strictly implemented. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for ROP screening were revisited, revised and reinforced to prevent future outbreaks.

Conclusions:
We observed ROP screening as a risk factor for the development of adenoviral conjunctivitis in neonatal care units. Neonates present with different clinical manifestations as compared with adults. Prompt control measures were implemented to control the adenoviral outbreak.
Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in a Children’s Nursery in the United Kingdom
Authors: Roberts Rebecca Jane , Brooker Annette , Lakshman Rajalakshmi 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Early Years’ Settings (EYSs) provide childcare and education for children 0–5 years old. They remained fully open in England during the third National lockdown when other educational settings were only open for selected children. EYSs are generally considered to be low-risk settings for transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2).

Methods:
An observational study describing a large outbreak of SARS CoV-2 within an EYS in Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.

Results:
Overall 45 cases of SARS-CoV-2 were identified; 24 adults (71% of staff members) and 21 children (25% of nursery attendees). One case was identified as the alpha variant (B.1.1.7 [VOC-20-DEC-01]). One staff member became critically unwell.

Conclusions:
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurred quickly, with a high attack rate; likely a consequence of a variant with enhanced transmissibility and an inability of the setting to adhere to infection control measures.
Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a as a Cause of Meningitis in Children in Brazil
Authors: Russo Daniela Otoni , Torres Bruna Ribeiro , Romanelli Roberta Maia Castro , Rocha Fernanda de Souza Vanni , Viegas Eisler Cristiane Carvalho , Diniz Lilian Martins de Oliveira 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Since the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines, invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) has been reported with increasing frequency.

Methods:
This study is based on hospital-based surveillance for Hia meningitis over a 5-year period.

Results:
Thirty-five patients with H. influenzae meningitis were hospitalized and 12 were serotype a. Hia was detected in blood and cerebrospinal fluid by culture or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Patients’ median age was 10 months, 7 (58%) boys and 5 (41%) girls. Ten (83%) children had received at least 1 vaccine dose against Haemophilus influenzae type b. All patients were treated with ceftriaxone for a median period of 11 days. The main complications described were empyema in 5 (41%) and seizures in 3 (25%) patients. Two (16.6%) patients died due to cerebral damage and shock.

Conclusions:
Invasive disease due to Hia affecting young children accounts for considerable morbidity and mortality.
Is There a Link Between Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy and Pulmonary Function Tests in Systemic Sclerosis Patients?
Authors: Vilela Verônica Silva , Vanhaecke Amber , da Silva Bruno Rangel Antunes , da Costa Cláudia Henrique , Lopes Agnaldo José , Rufino Rogério , Cutolo Maurizio , Smith Vanessa 
Published: November 2021

Background/Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the associations between nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients.

Methods
This was a longitudinal study with follow-up of unselected Brazilian SSc patients. Baseline clinical examination, serological workup, high-resolution chest tomography, and NVC were performed. Pulmonary function test was performed at baseline and after 24 months. Pulmonary function test worsening over time was defined as either a ΔFVC decline ≥10% or a ΔFVC decline ≥5% and <9%, combined with a ΔDLCO decline ≥15%, at 24 months. The NVC parameters were quantitatively (capillary density number, dimension, morphology, and hemorrhages) and qualitatively (NVC pattern) evaluated according to the consented standardized definitions of the EULAR Study Group on Microcirculation in Rheumatic Diseases.

Results
Seventy-nine patients were included. Fifty-nine were rated to have a scleroderma pattern (6 “early”/16 “active”/37 “late”). The mean FVC and DLCO were 76.8% and 67.2% at baseline and 73.8% and 64.3% at 24 months, respectively. After multivariate analysis, we found that a reduced baseline FVC was associated with reduced capillary density (odds ratio [OR], 11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5–90.7; p = 0.03) and a reduced baseline DLCO associated with the late scleroderma pattern (OR, 6.75; 95% CI, 1.09–42; p = 0.03). No association between worsening of PFT over time and NVC was found.

Conclusions
The association between NVC and PFTs might corroborate the link between microangiopathy and interstitial lung disease in patients with SSc. This finding might strengthen the idea of incorporating NVC as a tool to predict progressive interstitial lung disease in these patients in the future.
Risk of Cardiovascular and Venous Thromboembolic Events Associated With Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Alves Carlos , Penedones Ana , Mendes Diogo , Marques Francisco Batel 
Published: November 2021

Background/Objective
The Janus kinases are cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases associated with membrane cytokine receptors that mediate signaling of multiple cytokines and growth factors, contributing to the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune disorders. Janus kinase inhibitors (JKIs) are a new class of targeted therapies with proven efficacy in treating rheumatoid arthritis but are associated with an increased risk of infections. This study is aimed at assessing the risk of cardiovascular and venous thromboembolic events associated with JKIs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods
PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of JKIs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The outcomes assessed were the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, venous thromboembolic events, and any cardiovascular event. Sensitivity analysis disaggregated the results according to background therapy, JKI licensed doses, and studies' methodological quality.

Results
Forty-two randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. No statistically significant risk differences were observed between the JKIs for any of the assessed outcomes. Compared with placebo, tofacitinib (odds ratio, 0.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.11–0.89) reduces the risk of venous thromboembolism. The results of the sensitivity analysis are in line with the initial findings.

Conclusions
Current evidence suggests that the risk of cardiovascular and venous thromboembolic events is similar among the JKIs. Postmarketing pharmacovigilance evidence will be of utmost importance in confirming the cardiovascular safety of these drugs.