bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Clinicopathologic Evaluation of Eosinophilic Cholecystitis: A Retrospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Erdogan-Durmus Senay , Balta Hilal , Ozmen Sevilay , Calik Ilknur , Can Yusuf , Kurt Ali 
Published: July 2021

Background: Eosinophilic cholecystitis (EC) is a rare form of cholecystitis that is diagnosed histopathologically. The aim of this study to evaluate the patient demographic features, laboratory findings and histopathologic characteristics of EC. The aim of this study to evaluate the patient demographic features, laboratory findings and histopathologic characteristics of EC.
Design and setting: Retrospective observational study conducted in Erzurum, Turkey.
Methods: Between June 2014 and June 2017 3,178 cholecystectomy specimens were reviewed retrospectively. Nineteen EC cases were included to the study. Parameters such as sex, age, clinical information, laboratory findings were obtained from information system of hospital. And the data of EC group were compared with a control group of 50 non-specific chronic cholecystitis patients (CC).
Result: Out of 3,178 cholecystectomy specimens, 19 cases were diagnosed as EC (0.59%). Patients’ age ranged from 22-84 years and female to male ratio was 1.7:1. The average eosinophil count was 139.7 U/L in EC group. 11.7% of EC group had high level for eosinophils. In the EC group there were statistical significances between high eosinophil percentages and aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values (P<0.05, P<0.05). The EC group eosinophil levels were slightly higher than CC. Histopathologically, dense, severe infiltrates composed of eosinophils were seen.
Conclusion: EC is a rare entity that can only diagnosed by histopathology. There were certain high levels in liver function tests and eosinophils in correlation with non-specific cholecystitis. Although the presentation may be similar to non-specific cholecystitis, if a postoperative histopathological diagnosis of EC is made, then the patient must be investigated thoroughly to rule out other associated disease conditions.
AMORISMO: A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM ÍNDICE EMOCIONAL ATRAVÉS DO MAPEAMENTO SOCIOEMOCIONAL
Authors: Decarli Cecilia , Fraga Cristiano da Cruz , Carmo Juliano Santos do 
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a importância do diagnóstico socioemocional para compreensão de comportamentos e processos de desenvolvimento e aprendizagem de alunos do ensino fundamental. A construção do índice emocional ocorreu mediante o mapeamento socioemocional obtido por meio de oficinas de afetividade ministradas para 63 alunos de 7°s anos do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública do município de Campo Bom-RS. O índice foi elaborado a partir de uma abordagem quali-quantitativa (mista) de pesquisa, mediante os resultados obtidos nas oficinas aplicadas, considerando a importância da concepção do amorismo para o ensino, através da educação socioemocional no ensino básico. Foram obtidos como resultados do índice emocional: 5 alunos com conceito muito bom, 50 com conceito bom e 8 com conceito ruim. Os dados advindos da aplicação do índice emocional aqui proposto poderão ser úteis para estabelecer um novo olhar aos alunos envolvidos que, por ventura, apresentarem lacunas de cunho social e emocional. Dessa forma, os professores terão acesso aos perfis individuais e poderão potencializar o processo de ensino aprendizagem através de práticas pedagógicas que abordem as competências afetivas e socioemocionais. O índice emocional apresentado neste estudo pode ser replicado a outros contextos e realidades educacionais tornando-se um método de aplicação no ensino.

Palavras-chave: Amorismo. Oficinas de afetividade. Ensino Fundamental. Índice emocional.
Water and soil environmental vulnerability of artificial oases in arid areas and its temporal and spatial differentiation and evolution
Authors: Xu Cundong , Liu Zijin , Zhu Xinglin , Tian Junjiao , Gu Fengyou , Wang Yan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe water and soil environmental vulnerability in arid areas is mainly affected by vegetation, hydrology, terrain, and climate. To accurately evaluate the water and soil environmental vulnerability and its evolution in the Jingtaichuan Pumping Irrigation District in China, this paper, taking 1994, 2006, and 2018 as typical years, selects 13 index factors that directly or indirectly drive the water and soil environmental evolution in this area, and adopts the cloud theory and analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index factor. Spatial analysis technique and supervised classification were used to obtain and standardize the spatial distribution raster maps of each index factor. The multi-source data fusion was performed according to the index weight to analyze the evolution characteristics of soil and water environmental vulnerability. The results showed that soil salinity, vegetation coverage, and land use type have a significant impact on the water and soil environmental vulnerability in this irrigation area, and most of the area is at mild risk. High risk mainly occurs in closed hydrological units in the eastern part of the irrigation area. From 1994 to 2018, the evolution process can be divided into two stages, namely the ‘environmental deterioration stage’ and the ‘environmental restoration stage’. The results showed that the water and soil environment of the irrigation area is developing in a healthy way.
Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Yang Ming , Wang Xi , Han Yachun , Li Chenrui , Wei Ling , Yang Jinfei , Chen Wei , Zhu Xuejing , Sun Lin 
Published: July 2021

:
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes
and the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The inflammatory response plays a
key role in the pathological process of DN. As the most deeply studied inflammasome,
NLRP3 should not be overlooked in DN. Its abnormal activation accelerates DN progression.
In this review, we summarize our understanding of the structural composition and activation
factors of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Moreover, the relationship between NLRP3
inflammasome activation, and the potential of the NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic
target for DN will also be discussed.
Conformational and Structural Characterization of Carbohydrates and their Interactions Studied by NMR
Authors: Cañada Francisco Javier , Canales Ángeles , Valverde Pablo , de Toro Beatriz Fernández , Martínez-Orts Mónica , Phillips Paola Oquist , Pereda Amaia 
Published: July 2021

:Carbohydrates, either free or as glycans conjugated with other biomolecules, participate in a plethora of essential biological processes. Their apparent simplicity in terms of chemical functionality hides an extraordinary diversity and structural complexity. Deeply deciphering at the atomic level their structures is essential to understand their biological function and activities, but it is still a challenging task in need of complementary approaches and no generalized procedures are available to address the study of such complex, natural glycans. The versatility of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) often makes it the preferred choice to study glycans and carbohydrates in solution media. The most basic NMR parameters, namely chemical shifts, coupling constants, and nuclear Overhauser effects, allow defining short or repetitive chain sequences and characterize their structures and local geometries either in the free state or when interacting with other biomolecules, rendering additional information on the molecular recognition processes. The increased accessibility to carbohydrate molecules extensively or selectively labeled with 13C is boosting the resolution and detail which analyzed glycan structures can reach. In turn, structural information derived from NMR complemented with molecular modeling and theoretical calculations can also provide dynamic information on the conformational flexibility of carbohydrate structures. Furthermore, using partially oriented media or paramagnetic perturbations, it has been possible to introduce additional longrange observables rendering structural information on longer and branched glycan chains. In this review, we provide examples of these studies and an overview of the recent and most relevant NMR applications in the glycobiology field.
Phytotherapic Drugs for COVID-19 Treatment: A Scoping Review
Authors: Singh Meenakshi , Trivedi Darshini , Mohapatra Reecha , Bagchi Trisha , Durthi Chandrasai P. , Kuppam Chandrasekhar 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The rapid eruption of Coronavirus at the end of 2019 has caused global health crisis
and significant loss to the economy and social well-being. This created a massive shortage of advanced health
facilities with inadequate medicinal supply, further deteriorating human health conditions. On the basis of adverse
effects of the ongoing pandemic, this review has been proposed to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of plant-
based therapeutics, against SARS-CoV-2 (commonly called COVID-19) infection. It highlights the possible
action of the mechanism of phytotherapeutic drugs against coronavirus inhibition, further validated by clinical
trials on herbal formulas is reviewed. Though the experimental studies on COVID-19 treatment are limited, the
undesirable side effects of herbal drugs and unidentified compounds cannot be ignored.

Objective:
We have made an effort to study the prospective plant-derived bioactive entities and their effectiveness
in the treatment of COVID-19 and also emphasize on safety and regulatory concerns of phytomedicines.

Methods:
The methodology involves relevant studies on COVID-19 treatment based on herbal extracts and the
purified bioactive metabolites. The e-literature survey has been done by downloading research articles available
on PubMed (National Library of medicine), Elsevier, and Google scholar search engines. The keywords used
are plant metabolites, natural bioactive, phytotherapeutic drugs, clinical trials, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus inhibitors
and herbal extracts.

Results:
The review pays particular attention to the etiological study of the COVID-19 virus and its inhibition
using medicinal plant metabolites as immunomodulatory agents. The application of valuable bioactives like
phenolic compounds, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids in preparing herbal formula/drug
has been focused on. The drug resistance of bioactive compounds and their side effects on human health were
discussed for effective phytomedicine, thus, emphasizing the perspectives of phytotherapeutic drugs as a safe
remedy to boost immunomodulatory functions and antiviral activity against COVID-19.

Conclusion:
Altogether, the review presents the action mechanism of plant extracts rich in bioactive compounds
and depicted potential antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. These plant bioactive compounds can
serve as lead molecules to develop phytomedicine, ensuring all safety regulations in the clinical trials to treat or
prevent COVID-19 viral infections.
Semiotic Thoughts on Biological Sequence Representations
Authors: Restrepo Guillermo 
Published: July 2021

:
The deluge of biological sequences ranging from those of proteins, DNA and RNA to
genomes has motivated to devise models to represent them, which are further used to contrast those
sequences. Here we present a brief bibliometric description of the research area devoted to the
representation of biological sequences and highlight the semiotic elements of this process. Finally,
we argue that this research area must learn from the evolution of mathematical chemistry and try to
avoid its pitfalls.
H101G Mutation in Rat Lens αB-Crystallin Alters Chaperone Activity and
Divalent Metal Ion Binding
Authors: Wu Yi-Ying , Desu Naveen Kumar Reddy , Lu Shou-Yun , Yu Bi-Yu , Kumar Ramya , Huang Fu-Yung 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The molecular chaperone function of αB-crystallins is heavily involved in maintaining lens transparency and the development of cataracts.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to investigate whether divalent metal ion binding improves the stability and αB-crystallin chaperone activity.

Methods:
In this study, we have developed an H101G αB-crystallin mutant and compared the surface hydrophobicity, chaperone activity, and secondary and tertiary structure with the wild type in the presence and absence of metal ions.

Results:
Substitution of His101 with glycine resulted in structural and functional changes. Spectral analysis and chaperone-like activity assays showed that substitution of glycine resulted in a higher percentage of random coils, increased hydrophobicity, and 22±2% higher chaperone-like activity. Whereas in the presence of the Cu2+ ion, H101G exhibited 32±1% less chaperone-like activity compared to the wild type.

Conclusion:
Cu2+ has been reported to enhance the chaperone-like activity of lens α-crystallin. Our results indicate that H101 is the predominant Cu2+ binding site, and the mutation resulted in a partial unfolding that impaired the binding of Cu2+ to H101 residue. In conclusion, this study further helps to understand the important binding site for Cu2+ to αB-crystallin.
Variances in the Expression Profile of the EMT-Related Genes in
Endometrial Cancer Lines In Vitro Study
Authors: Nowakowski Robert , Grabarek Beniamin , Burnat-Olech Anna , Boroń Dariusz , Paul-Samojedny Monika 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the variances in the expression pattern of
mRNAs and miRNAs related to the EMT in the Ishikawa (histological grade 1; G1), EC-1A (histological
grade 2; G2), and KLE (histological grade 3; G3) cell cultures under cisplatin treatment.

Methods:
Endometrial cancer cell lines were exposed to 75.22 mg (an average concentration of the drug
used in patients with endometrial cancer) for 12.24 and 48 hours in comparison to the untreated cells
(control). The molecular analysis included: extraction of total RNA, microarray analysis (mRNA and
miRNA), RTqPCR, and the ELISA assay.

Results:
Out of 226 mRNAs associated with the EMT, the number of mRNAs differentially expressed in
endometrial cancer cell cultures treated with cisplatin compared to a control culture was as follows: Ishikawa
line - 87 mRNAs; EC-1A - 84 mRNAs; KLE - 71 mRNAs (p<0.05). The greatest changes in the
Ishikawa line treated with the drug compared to the control were noticed for mRNA STAT1 TGFβ1,
SMAD3, FOXO8, whereas in EC-1A they were mRNA TGFβ1, BAMBI, SMAD4, and in KLE mRNA
COL1A1, FOXO8, TGFβ1. The analysis also showed that miR-106a, miR-30d, miR-300 are common
for all cell lines used in this experiment.

Conclusion:
Cisplatin changes the expression profile of genes associated with EMT in endometrial cancer
cell lines. It seems that the expression pattern of TGFβ1 might be a promising, supplementary molecular
marker of the effectiveness of cisplatin therapy. The analysis showed that miR-30d, miR-300,
and miR-106a are involved in the regulation of the expression of EMT-related genes.
Serum Immunoglobulin G Level and Neutrophils to Lymphocytes Ratio Associated with the Prognosis of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Tong Ying , Wang Li , Liu Kai , Liu Weishi , Li Shen , Song Bo , Xia Zongping , Xu Yuming , Zhang Rui 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
To investigate the factors related to the prognosis of Neuromyelitis Optica
Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood examination.

Methods:
In this study, we enrolled 111 patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital
of Zhengzhou University between January 2016 and January 2018 and diagnosed with NMOSD.
The patients were divided into the relapse group (n = 48) and remission group (n = 67). Before
treatment, all the patients underwent a routine Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood test
on the second morning of admission. The association between laboratory data and disease prognosis
was evaluated.

Results:
The immunoglobulin G (IgG) level in the serum showed a strong correlation with the relapse
of patients, especially in the aquaporin-4-Antibody (AQP4-Ab) positive group (p<0.01). A
high level of serum IgG concentration was associated with the relapse of NMOSD, especially in
the anti-AQP4 positive group. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve
of serum IgG level was 0.888 (p<0.001, 95%CI: 0.808-0.968). The ratio of Neutrophils to Lymphocytes
(NLR) was associated with the disability degree of NMOSD patients in 3 years. The NLR value
was a linear correlation with final Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores; patients
with a high level of NLR value presented an increased degree of disability in the following three
years (R2 = 0.053, p=0.015).

Conclusion:
The serum IgG level and NLR of first-attack patients were correlated with the prognosis
of NMOSD.
Molecular Landscape of Lung Epithelium Contributes to High Severity
and Comorbidities for COVID-19 and Lung Cancer
Authors: Sharma Nilesh Kumar , Sarode Sachin C , Sarode Gargi S , Patil Shankargouda 
Published: July 2021

:
The heterogeneous and complex nature of cancer is extensively revealed at molecular,
genetic, and tissue microenvironment levels. Currently, co-occurrence of coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) to lung cancer patients and severity of infections by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been understood at preclinical and clinical levels. However,
molecular and cellular insights are not discussed in those papers that support the increased
COVID-19 severity and comorbidities in several cancer types, including lung cancer patients.
Therefore, this perspective highlights the basis of high severity and comorbidities among lung cancer
patients infected by COVID-19 with an emphasis on translational aspects.
Identifying Functional Modules Using Energy Minimization with Graph Cuts
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Fan Xiaodan , Pian Cong 
Published: July 2021

Aims:
The aim of this article was to find functional (or disease-relevant) modules using
gene expression data.

Background:
Biotechnological developments are leading to a rapid increase in the volume of transcriptome
data and thus driving the growth of interactome data. This has made it possible to perform
transcriptomic analysis by integrating interactome data. Considering that genes do not exist
nor operate in isolation, and instead participate in biological networks, interactomics is equally important
to expression profiles.

Objective:
We constructed a network-based method based on gene expression data in order to identify
functional (or disease-relevant) modules.

Methods:
We used the energy minimization with graph cuts method by integrating gene interaction
networks under the assumption of the ‘guilt by association’ principle.

Result:
Our method performs well in an independent simulation experiment and has the ability to
identify strongly disease-relevant modules in real experiments. Our method is able to find important
functional modules associated with two subtypes of lymphoma in a lymphoma microarray dataset.
Moreover, the method can identify the biological subnetworks and most of the genes associated
with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Conclusion:
We successfully adapted the energy minimization with the graph cuts method to identify
functionally important genes from genomic data by integrating gene interaction networks.

Other:
This study can help us to identify disease-relevant modules which can not be identified by
different expression analysis.
Pure PZT95/5 Ceramics and Its Phase Transition Behavior Under External
Fields
Authors: Nie Hengchang , Cao Fei , Wang Genshui , Dong Xianlin 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Compositionally modified Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 (PZT 95/5) ferroelectric materials
have been extensively investigated in past decades for many important applications. However, few
study on pure PZT95/5 ceramics have been reported.

Objective:
Herein, pure PZT95/5 ceramics were successfully prepared, and their microstructure and
phase transition behaviors under external fields were studied.

Methods:
The pure PZT95/5 ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid state reaction using a
mixed oxide route. The microstructure and its properties under different external fields were measured.

Results:
The X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the virgin pure PZT95/5 ceramics exhibit an
orthorhombic antiferroelectric phase, which has also been evidenced by the superlattice reflections in
the SAED pattern. While a rhombohedral ferroelectric symmetry crystal structure was observed in the
poled samples suggesting that an electric field induced antiferroelectric to ferroelectric phase transition
takes place. Pure PZT95/5 ceramics exhibit a quenched ferroelectric hysteresis loop with a remnant
polarization of ~8μC/cm2 under 3.5kV/mm. Temperature dependence dielectric response indicated that
the orthorhombic antiferroelectric to cubic paraelectric phase transition occurs at 225°C, corresponding
to its Curie temperature. A shard depolarization behavior and dielectric anomalies were observed under
~240 MPa hydrostatic pressure.

Conclusions:
The depolarization mechanism of pure PZT95/5 ceramics under hydrostatic pressure is
attributed to the hydrostatic pressure-induced FE-AFE phase transition. These results will offer fundamental
insights into PZT95/5 ceramics for pulsed power supply applications.
TINGKAT KESESUAIAN SOAL TEORI UJI KOMPETENSI KEAHLIAN TEKNIK GAMBAR BANGUNAN DENGAN STANDAR KOMPETENSI NASIONAL BIDANG GAMBAR BANGUNAN
Authors: Malik Abdul 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Phenomena that show the competence of building drawings that are needed in the world of work but have not been studied in schools are the basis of research. It is necessary to measure the level of compatability between the materials being studied with the competencies required by the world of work. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability level of the content of the skills competency test (UKK) based on the National Competency Standars in the Building Drawing Field. The research method used is comparative descriptive. The subject of this research is the matter of the theory of UKK Building Drawing Engineering. Data were analyzed by comparing the level of competency suitability implemented in the UKK theory problem with the National Competency Standards in Building Drawing Field. The results of the study showed that in the implementation of the UKK Building Drawing Tecnique in theory there were 37 competencies tested. Total competencies at the level of young photographers for vocational graduates are 55 competencies. There are 18 competencies that have not been tested on UKK, so there needs to be an adjustment so that the UKK content goes hand in hand with the work competencies required for building drawing skills. Keywords: expertise competency test, building drawing ABSTRAK Fenomena menunjukkan adanya kompetensi gambar bangunan yang diperlukan di dunia kerja tetapi belum dipelajari di Sekolah menjadi dasar dalam pengkajian. Perlu adanya pengukuran tingkat kesesuaian antara materi yang dipelajari dengan kompetensi yang disyaratkan dunia kerja. Tujuan dari pengkajian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat kesesuaian antara konten soal Uji Kompetensi Keahlian (UKK) mengacu pada Standar Kompetensi Nasional Bidang Gambar Bangunan. Metode pengkajian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif komparatif. Subjek pada pengkajian ini adalah soal teori UKK Teknik Gambar Bangunan. Data dianalisis dengan membandingkan antara tingkat kesesuaian kompetensi yang dilaksanakan dalam soal teori UKK dengan Standar Kompetensi Nasional Bidang Gambar Bangunan. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan dalam pelaksanaan UKK Teknik Gambar Bangunan secara teori terdapat 37 kompetensi yang diujikan. Total kompetensi pada level juru gambar muda untuk lulus SMK adalah 55 kompetensi. Terdapat 18 kompetensi yang belum diujikan pada UKK, sehingga perlu adanya penyesuaian agar konten UKK beriringan dengan kompetensi kerja yang disyaratkan pada keahlian gambar bangunan.Kata Kunci: Uji Kompetensi Keahlian, gambar bangunan