bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Lumbar Stabilization Exercises with Real-Time Ultrasound Imaging Biofeedback on Lumbar Multifidus Muscle Cross-Sectional Area in Individuals with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Raheem Sarafadeen , Ganiyu Sokunbi O. , Ibrahim Aminu A. , Ismail Anas , Akindele Mukadas O. , Kaka Bashir , Awotidebe Adedapo W. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Impairments in the lumbar multifidus muscle such as reduced muscle thickness and fat infiltrations are evident in individuals with low back pain. Lumbar stabilization exercises (LSE) with real-time ultrasound imaging (RUSI) biofeedback has been reported to improve preferential activation of as well as retention in the ability to activate of the lumbar multifidus muscle, thus enhancing recovery. However, the effects of using this treatment approach in individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NCLBP) seemed not to have widely reported. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to investigate the effects of LSE with RUSI biofeedback on lumbar multifidus muscle cross-sectional area in individuals with NCLBP patients. Method: This study is a prospective, single-center, assessor-blind three-arm, randomized controlled to be conducted at National Orthopedic Hospital, Kano State, Nigeria. Ninety-one individuals with NCLBP will be randomly assigned into one of the three treatment groups of equal sample size (n = 30); LSE group, LSE with RUSI biofeedback group, or control (minimal intervention). The participants in the LSE and LSE with RUSI biofeedback group will also receive the same intervention as the control group. All participants will receive treatment twice weekly for 8 weeks. The primary outcome will be lumbar multifidus muscles cross-sectional area while the secondary outcomes will be pain, functional disability and quality of life. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline, and at 8 weeks and 3 months post-intervention.Discussion: The outcome of the study may support the evidence for the effectiveness of LSE with RUSI biofeedback in the rehabilitation of individuals with NCLBP. It may also provide a rationale for the physiotherapists to make use of diagnostic ultrasound as a feedback mechanism in enhancing the performance and retention of LSE program as well as monitoring the patient’s recovery.Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trials Registry, (PACTR201801002980602), Registered on 16 January 2018.
Influence of GSTT1 and GSTP1 Polymorphisms on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy Risk in The Chinese Population: A Case Control Study
Authors: Geng Xinqian , Zha Ling , Zhou Taicheng , Xiong Yuxin , Xu Fan , Xu Bo , Wang Feiying , Wang Xiaoling , Yang Ke , Tao Wenyu , Li Yiping , Yang Ying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Studies have revealed the association of glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1 and GSTT1) deletion (null) polymorphism with the risks of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between GSTT1/ GSTP1 gene polymorphisms and the risks of T2DM and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a Chinese population.Methods: A total of 336 subjects with T2DM and a defined ophthalmologic status were recruited from the Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province between June 2014 and October 2016. Seventy-two age-matched healthy controls were also enrolled. Physical examinations and laboratory tests were performed. The frequencies of GSTT1 and GSTP1 genotypes in all participants were determined by PCR and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR–RFLP), respectively.Results: Compared with healthy controls, the GSTT1-null genotype was significantly more common in diabetic patients with or without DR (all P < 0.05). However, the frequency of the GSTP1 genotype (AA, GA, GG) was comparable between the two groups. Furthermore, neither the GSTP1 nor GSTT1 genetic polymorphism was associated with the development of DR. In the present study, the risk of developing T2DM was significantly higher in subjects carrying the combined heterozygous GSTP1 (AG) and null GSTT1 genotypes (OR=0.40, 95% CI=0.21-0.74, P=0.02).Conclusions: The deletion of the GSTT1 genotype was associated with a higher risk of developing T2DM, whether alone or in combination with GSTP1, indicating that the null genotype of GSTT1 may serve as a potential biomarker for T2DM in the Chinese population, which is helpful for clinicians to make more effective risk-based decisions.
A Supervised Exercise Intervention During Cancer Treatment for Adolescents and Young Adults - FiGHTING F!T: Study Protocol of a Randomised Controlled Trial.
Authors: Munsie Claire , Ebert Jay , Collins Joanne , Plaster Megan , Joske David , Ackland Timothy 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHigh quality evidence supports the integration of exercise to mitigate treatment- related side effects in a wide range of paediatric and adult cancer cohorts. However, the implementation of exercise in adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients is yet to be explored in depth. FiGHTINGF!T is a randomised controlled cross over trial designed to determine if a supervised, structured and progressive exercise program can reduce the decline in physical fitness (V02peak) associated with cancer treatment in AYAs from diagnosis. Methods/DesignA total of 40 AYAs recently diagnosed and due to commence systemic treatment (± 2 weeks) for a primary haematological malignancy or solid tumour will be recruited and randomised to either an immediate exercise intervention or usual care (delayed exercise) for 10 weeks. This randomised controlled crossover trial will see both groups engage in a supervised exercise intervention from either diagnosis (baseline assessment) for 10 weeks (0-10 weeks) or following an interim assessment to 20 weeks (10-20 weeks). The bi-weekly tailored exercise program will combine aerobic and resistance exercises and be supervised by an Accredited Exercise Physiologist. Participants will complete a range of assessments at 0, 10 and 20 weeks including cardiopulmonary exercise tests, 1 repetition maximum strength measures, physical functioning and self-reported quality of life measurements. Patient reported treatment-related toxicities will be recorded on a weekly basis. DiscussionThe FiGHTINGF!T trial will provide insight into the potential benefits of a supervised exercise program in AYAs undergoing cancer treatment. This trial will contribute to the evidence supporting the necessary integration of exercise during cancer treatment, specifically in the under-reported AYA cohort.Trial registrationThis trial was registered retrospectively with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial registry(ACTRN12620000663954;https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12620000663954.aspx). Trial registry date: 10th June 2020.
Investigation of municipal wastewater treatment by agricultural waste materials in locally designed trickling filter for peri-urban agriculture
Authors: Kanwar Rana Muhammad Asif , Khan Zahid Mahmood , Farid Hafiz Umar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A pilot scale trickling filter system was designed, developed, and operated using a constant recirculation method for treatment of municipal wastewater. Maize cob (TF1) and date palm fibre (TF2) were used as biofilm support media in a trickling filter system. Both the TF1 and TF2 were compared based on the removal efficiency of pollution indicators such as biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and sulphates. The hydraulic flow rate and loading were set as 0.432 m3/h and 0.0064 m3/m2.minute, respectively at temperature range of 15–42 °C for 15 operational weeks. Both the TF1 and TF2 showed acceptable removal efficiency (61% to 76.3%) for pathogen indicators such as total count, fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli. However, 8–15% higher removal efficiency was observed for TF1 for all the pollution indicators compared to TF2. The results suggest that both the biofilm support media in trickling filter have potential to treat municipal wastewater in peri-urban small communities to produce environmentally friendly effluent.
Effect of cations on the removal rate of chloride ions and mechanism analysis in high-salt wastewater
Authors: Gao Kangning , Lu Jie , Wang Xi , Li Dengxin , Xu Shihong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Precipitation dechlorination has the advantage of being a simple process with a low cost. However, there are few reports on the effect of cations on dechlorination. In this study, we investigated the effect of cations in high-salt wastewater on the removal of chlorine ions by cuprous chloride precipitation and analysed the corresponding mechanism. A series of investigations revealed that Fe3+ could oxidise sulphite, thereby reducing the removal rate of chlorine ions. The reaction between magnesium and sulphite results in precipitation, which has a slightly adverse effect on the removal of chloride ions. Hexavalent chromium oxidises the chloride ion, resulting in the formation of chlorine gas, which improves the removal rate. Ferrous and manganese, however, do not have a notable effect on chlorine removal.
High Haematocrit Blood Flow and Adsorption of Micro and Nanoparticles on an Atherosclerotic Plaque: An In-silico Study
Authors: Forouzandehmehr Mohamadamin , Shamloo Amir 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The continuing inflammatory response entailed by atherosclerosis is categorised
by a pathological surface expression of certain proteins over the endothelium, namely, P-selectins.
Thus, to boost the efficiency of drug carriers, these proteins can be used as binding targets.

Method:
An in-silico patient-specific model of a Left Anterior Descending (LAD) coronary artery
considering the luminal unevenness was built and meshed using the finite element method.

Objectives:
Delivery of particles in a specific size range, from 200 to 3200 nm, covered by P-selectin
aptamers (PSA), to an atherosclerotic plaque in a pathologically high haematocrit (Hct)
blood flow was simulated. The surface of the plaque was assumed to possess a pathologically high
expression of P-Selectins.

Results:
The distribution of deposited particles over the plaque in high Hct blood was significantly
more homogenous compared to that of particles that travelled in normal blood Hct. Moreover, in
the high Hct, the increase in the particle size, from 800 nm forwards, had a trivial effect on the upsurge
in the surface density of adhered particles (SDAs) over the targeted endothelium. Yet, in normal
blood Hct (45% in this research), the increase in the particle diameter from 800 nm forwards resulted
in a significant increase in the SDAs over the targeted plaque. Interestingly, unlike the adsorption
pattern of particles in normal Hct, a significant distribution of deposited particles in the
post-constriction region of the atherosclerotic plaque was observed.

Conclusion:
Our findings provide insights into designing optimum carriers of anti-thrombotic/inflammatory
drugs specifically for high blood Hct conditions.
Femtosecond Laser-assisted Lens Surgery with Low-energy Pulse versus Conventional Phacoemulsification for Presbyopia Correction: An Intraindividual Study
Authors: Salgado Ramiro M. P. C. , Torres Paulo F. A. A. S. , Marinho António A. P. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Lens surgery with multifocal IOL implantation for presbyopia correction is performed by femtosecond laser-assisted lens surgery or conventional phacoemulsification.

Objective:
To compare the clinical results of femtosecond laser-assisted with low-energy pulse conventional phacoemulsification lens surgery for presbyopia correction intraindividually.

Methods:
Charts from patients who underwent Refractive Lens Exchange (RLE) for presbyopia correction in a single center, with Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Lens Surgery (FLALS) in one eye and Conventional Phacoemulsification (CP) in the other, were retrospectively reviewed. All eyes had the same multifocal Intraocular Lens (IOL) implanted. The clinical outcomes and the results of the level of satisfaction questionnaire were compared between the two groups according to the technique employed (FLALS vs. CP) for a period of up to four years. Stability, efficacy and safety indices were also assessed.

Results:
This study comprised a total of 56 eyes of 28 patients randomly assigned FLALS in one eye and CP in the other. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two techniques regarding postoperative visual acuities, duration of surgical procedure, efficacy or safety indexes (p>0.05). Refraction was stable in all FLALS eyes, whereas a change occurred in 2 eyes (7.1%) operated with CP upon 6 months postoperatively, but without statistical significance (p˃0.05). Satisfaction was slightly better with FLALS but not statistically significant (p=0.134). No immediate myosis or other adverse events after the femtosecond laser were registered.

Conclusion:
The parameters assessed showed no significant differences between the two techniques, in spite of a difference of refraction stability upon 6 months postoperatively.
Pendidikan Multikultural Dalam Pembelajaran Agama Islam di Sekolah Menegah Atas Negeri (SMAN) 1 Kendawangan Kabupaten Ketapang
Authors: Sukino Arief Sukino , Oktariansyah Oktariansyah , Erwin Erwin 
Published: March 2021

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Senior High School (SMA) is a strategic educational environment in shaping the personality of multicultural students. Through Islamic Religious Education the strategic role of the school is becoming increasingly apparent because Islamic Education that is carried out properly will bring a positive and productive attitude change. The purpose of this study is to investigate multicultural education in SMAN 1 Kendawangan, which is with a lot of diversity. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The results of this study indicate that the <em>first</em> important argumentation of multicultural Islamic religious education in Islamic religious education is the factor, religious religions of ethics, cultural customs, and social status that are often the latent potential of social conflict. <em>Second</em> Multicultural education is carried out by internalizing in an integrated manner through contextualization and Extention of the material, the need for learning strategies, and attitude/behavior-based assessments. <em>Third</em> multicultural education is carried out by incidental (temporary) actions, namely by counseling during the flag ceremony, conducting Friday blessings (healthy and clean schools), and developing tolerance through the momentum of religious holidays in schools.</p><p>Keywords: <em>Multicultural, Islamic Religious Education, Kendawangan</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Sekolah menegah Atas SMA adalah lingkungan Pendidikan yang setrategis dalam pembentukan kepribadian siswa multikuturalis. Melalui Pendidikan Agama Islam peran strategis sekolah tersebut menjadi semakin nyata, karena Pendidikan Agama Islam yang dilaksanakan dengan baik akan membawa perubahan sikap positif dan produktif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi Pendidikan multicultural di SMAN 1 Kendawangan, yang merupakan dengan banyak keragaman. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa <em>pertama</em> argumentasi pentinga Pendidikan agama Islam multicultural dalam Pendidikan agama Islam adalah factor, keragama sgama etis, adat budaya dan status social yang sering menjadi potensi laten konflik social. <em>Kedua</em> Pendidikan mulitkultural dilakukan dengan menginternalisasikan secara terintegrasi melalui kontekstualisasi dan mepengangan materi, perluasa strategi pembelajaran dan penilaian berbasis sikap/perilaku. <em>Ketiga</em> pendidkan multikultur dilasakukan dengan tindakan insidental (temporary) yakni dengan penasihatan pada saat upacara bendera, melakukan jumat berkah (sekolah sehat dan bersih) dan pengembangan toleransi melalui momentum hari besar keagamaan di sekolah.</p><p>Kata kunci: Multikultural, Pendidikan Agama Islam, Kendawangan</p>
De-Implementing Opioid Use and Implementing Optimal Pain Management Following Dental Extractions (DIODE): Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Rindal D Brad , Asche Stephen E , Gryczynski Jan , Kane Sheryl M , Truitt Anjali R , Shea Tracy L , Ziegenfuss Jeanette Y , Schwartz Robert P , Worley Donald C , Mitchell Shannon G 
Published: March 2021

Background
Overdose deaths from prescription opioid analgesics are a continuing crisis in the United States. Opioid analgesics are among the most frequently prescribed drugs by dentists. An estimated 5 million people undergo third-molar extractions in the United States each year, resulting in postoperative pain. Studies show that, in most cases, the combination of ibuprofen and acetaminophen is an effective alternative to commonly prescribed opioid analgesics for the management of postextraction pain. Nevertheless, many dentists routinely prescribe opioids after dental extractions.

Objective
We describe the rationale, design, and methods for a randomized trial of interventions designed to de-implement opioid prescribing by dentists while implementing effective nonopioid analgesics following dental extractions.

Methods
Using a prospective, 3-arm, cluster randomized trial design with dentists as the unit randomized and patient-level prescribing data as the primary outcome, we will compare different strategies to reduce the reliance on opioids and increase the use of alternative pain management approaches utilizing information support tools aimed at both providers and their patients. The study will test the efficacy of 2 interventions to decrease opioid prescribing following dental extractions: clinical decision support with (CDS-E) and without patient education (CDS). Providers will be randomized to CDS, CDS-E, or standard practice. Patient-level outcomes will be determined via review of comprehensive electronic health records. We will compare study arms on differential change in prescribing patterns from pre- to postimplementation of the intervention. The primary outcome of interest is a binary indicator of whether or not the patient received an opioid prescription on the day of the extraction encounter. We will also examine recommendations or prescriptions for nonopioid analgesics, patients’ perceptions of shared decision making, and patients’ pain experiences following the extraction.

Results
The HealthPartners Institutional Review Board approved the study. All study materials including the CDS and patient education materials have been developed and pilot tested, and the protocol has been approved by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. The intervention was implemented in February 2020, with 51 dentists who were randomized to 1 of the 3 arms.

Conclusions
If the intervention strategies are shown to be effective, they could be implemented more broadly in dental settings with high levels of opioid prescribing.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03584789, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03584789

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/24342
Validation of Visual and Auditory Digital Markers of Suicidality in Acutely Suicidal Psychiatric Inpatients: Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Galatzer-Levy Isaac , Abbas Anzar , Ries Anja , Homan Stephanie , Sels Laura , Koesmahargyo Vidya , Yadav Vijay , Colla Michael , Scheerer Hanne , Vetter Stefan , Seifritz Erich , Scholz Urte , Kleim Birgit 
Published: March 2021

Background
Multiple symptoms of suicide risk have been assessed based on visual and auditory information, including flattened affect, reduced movement, and slowed speech. Objective quantification of such symptomatology from novel data sources can increase the sensitivity, scalability, and timeliness of suicide risk assessment.

Objective
We aimed to examine measurements extracted from video interviews using open-source deep learning algorithms to quantify facial, vocal, and movement behaviors in relation to suicide risk severity in recently admitted patients following a suicide attempt.

Methods
We utilized video to quantify facial, vocal, and movement markers associated with mood, emotion, and motor functioning from a structured clinical conversation in 20 patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital following a suicide risk attempt. Measures were calculated using open-source deep learning algorithms for processing facial expressivity, head movement, and vocal characteristics. Derived digital measures of flattened affect, reduced movement, and slowed speech were compared to suicide risk with the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation controlling for age and sex, using multiple linear regression.

Results
Suicide severity was associated with multiple visual and auditory markers, including speech prevalence (β=−0.68, P=.02, r2=0.40), overall expressivity (β=−0.46, P=.10, r2=0.27), and head movement measured as head pitch variability (β=−1.24, P=.006, r2=0.48) and head yaw variability (β=−0.54, P=.06, r2=0.32).

Conclusions
Digital measurements of facial affect, movement, and speech prevalence demonstrated strong effect sizes and linear associations with the severity of suicidal ideation.