bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modular supply chain optimization considering demand uncertainty to manage risk
Authors: Bhosekar Atharv , Badejo Oluwadare , Ierapetritou Marianthi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSupply chain under demand uncertainty has been a challenging problem due to increased competition and market volatility in modern markets. Flexibility in planning decisions makes modular manufacturing a promising way to address this problem. In this work, the problem of multiperiod process and supply chain network design is considered under demand uncertainty. A mixed integer two‐stage stochastic programming problem is formulated with integer variables indicating the process design and continuous variables to represent the material flow in the supply chain. The problem is solved using a rolling horizon approach. Benders decomposition is used to reduce the computational complexity of the optimization problem. To promote risk‐averse decisions, a downside risk measure is incorporated in the model. The results demonstrate the several advantages of modular designs in meeting product demands. A pareto‐optimal curve for minimizing the objectives of expected cost and downside risk is obtained.
Near‐infrared laser 808‐nm excitable palladium nano‐dots loaded on graphene oxide hybrid for the antibacterial activity
Authors: Ullah Sadeeq , Khan Shahin S. , Ren Yanru , Zhang Xu , Qin Meng , Xiong Xin , Krastev Rumen , Jan Amin U. , Liu Luo , Yuan Qipeng 
Published: July 2021

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is considered the most common life‐threatening infectious bacteria in our daily life and poses a major challenge to human health. However, antibiotics frequently overused and misused has triggered increased multidrug resistance, hinders therapeutic outcomes, and causes higher mortalities. Herein, we addressed near‐infrared (NIR) laser‐excited human serum albumin (HSA) mediated graphene oxide loaded palladium nano‐dots (HSA‐GO‐Pd) that can effectively combat Gram‐negative E. coli in vitro. NIR laser‐excited designed hybrid material highly generates singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical by electron spin‐resonance (ESR) analysis. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images show small spherical sizes PdNPs on the surface of GO nano‐sheets. The zeta (ζ) potential study indicates that in an aqueous medium, the average PdNPs size and surface capped charge comes from human body protein (HSA), HSA‐GO‐Pd is 5–8 nm, and +25 mV, respectively. The spectroscopic characterization reveals that in the synthesized HSA‐GO‐Pd nanocomposite, PdNPs successfully well‐dispersed decorated on the surface of graphene oxide. The as‐synthesized HSA‐GO‐Pd shows excellent antibacterial activity against gram‐negative pathogen by killing 95% bacteria within 5 h. HSA‐GO‐Pd having very biocompatible and shows significant antibacterial activities. Owing to their intense photothermal conversation potential, low toxicity to normal cells, the as‐addressed hybrid (HSA‐GO‐Pd) combined with NIR‐irradiation will catch up valuable insight into the effective ablation of pathogenic bacteria.
Cognitive correlates of autism spectrum disorder symptoms
Authors: Johnson Camille N. , Ramphal Bruce , Koe Emily , Raudales Amarelis , Goldsmith Jeff , Margolis Amy E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDue to the diverse behavioral presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), identifying ASD subtypes using patterns of cognitive abilities has become an important point of research. Some previous studies on cognitive profiles in ASD suggest that the discrepancy between verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) and performance IQ (PIQ) is associated with ASD symptoms, while others have pointed to VIQ as the critical predictor. Given that VIQ is a component of the VIQ‐PIQ discrepancy, it was unclear which was most driving these associations. This study tested whether VIQ, PIQ, or the VIQ‐PIQ discrepancy was most associated with ASD symptoms in children and adults with ASD (N = 527). Using data from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE), we tested the independent contribution of each IQ index and their discrepancy to ASD symptom severity using multiple linear regressions predicting ASD symptoms. VIQ was most associated with lower symptom severity as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) total score, and when VIQ was included in models predicting ASD symptoms, associations with PIQ and IQ discrepancy were not significant. An association between VIQ and ASD communication symptoms drove the association with ASD symptom severity. These results suggest that associations between ASD communication symptoms and IQ discrepancy or PIQ reported in prior studies likely resulted from variance shared with VIQ. Subtyping ASD on the basis of VIQ should be a point of future research, as it may allow for the development of more personalized approaches to intervention.Lay SummaryPrevious research on links between autism severity and verbal and nonverbal intelligence has produced mixed results. Our study examined whether verbal intelligence, nonverbal intelligence, or the discrepancy between the two was most related to autism symptoms. We found that higher verbal intelligence was most associated with less severe autism communication symptoms. Given the relevance of verbal intelligence in predicting autism symptom severity, subtyping autism on the basis of verbal intelligence could lead to more personalized treatments.
Confirmatory adaptive group sequential designs for single‐arm phase II studies with multiple time‐to‐event endpoints
Authors: Danzer Moritz Fabian , Terzer Tobias , Berthold Frank , Faldum Andreas , Schmidt Rene 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExisting methods concerning the assessment of long‐term survival outcomes in one‐armed trials are commonly restricted to one primary endpoint. Corresponding adaptive designs suffer from limitations regarding the use of information from other endpoints in interim design changes. Here we provide adaptive group sequential one‐sample tests for testing hypotheses on the multivariate survival distribution derived from multi‐state models, while making provision for data‐dependent design modifications based on all involved time‐to‐event endpoints. We explicitly elaborate application of the methodology to one‐sample tests for the joint distribution of (i) progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the context of an illness‐death model, and (ii) time to toxicity and time to progression while accounting for death as a competing event. Large sample distributions are derived using a counting process approach. Small sample properties are studied by simulation. An already established multi‐state model for non‐small cell lung cancer is used to illustrate the adaptive procedure.
Non‐operative management of primary omental torsion, a case report and literature review
Authors: Foula Mohammed S. , Sharroufna Mohammed , Alshammasi Zahra H. , Alothman Omar S. , Almusailh Bayan A. , Hassan Khairi A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrimary omental torsion is a rare cause of acute abdomen especially in obese patients with inconsistent history, examination, and laboratory findings. The liberal use of computed tomography in casualties has increased its preoperative diagnosis. Despite the controversy, the non‐operative approach should be attempted as a first line of management while the laparoscopic resection should be only considered after failure of non‐operative management.
Incidental cholecystocolonic fistula in obstructive jaundice
Authors: Okidi Ronald , Ogwang Martin David , Natumanya Robert , Mukalazi Abraham , Kyomuhendo Tracy , Okello Tom Richard 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCholecystocolonic fistula is a rare condition often diagnosed intraoperatively, requiring an adequate set of knowledge and skills to allow safe intraoperative change of prior planned surgery and alleviate significant morbidity.
An unusual presentation of Huntington’s disease
Authors: Schulze Westhoff Martin , Osmanovic Alma , Meissner Catharina , Heck Johannes , Mahmoudi Nima , Hendrich Corinna , Berding Georg , Seifert Johanna , Bleich Stefan , Frieling Helge , Krüger Tillmann , Groh Adrian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe describe the case of a 59‐year‐old woman who exhibited psychotic symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, and restlessness. While the clinical picture and 18F‐FDG PET/CT suggested the presence of a tauopathy, especially frontotemporal dementia or progressive supranuclear palsy, genetic testing eventually revealed Huntington's disease.
Predictors and 3‐year outcomes of compromised left circumflex coronary artery after left main crossover stenting
Authors: Ullah Hameed , Elakabawi Karim , Ke Han , Ullah Najeeb , Ullah Habib , Shah Sardar Ali , Khan Hamad Haider , Khan Muhammad Asad , Guo Ning , Yuan Zuyi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are few predictors of decreased fractional flow reserve (FFR) in the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) after left main (LM) crossover stenting.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the predictors for low FFR at LCx and possible treatment strategies for compromised LCx, together with their long‐term outcomes.MethodsAltogether, 563 patients who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to our hospital from February 2015 to November 2020 with significant distal LM bifurcation lesions. They underwent single‐stent crossover percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) under intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance with further LCx intervention based on the measured FFR.ResultsThe patients showed significant angiographic LCx ostial affection post‐LM stenting, but only 116 (20.6%) patients had FFR < 0.8. The three‐year composite major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rates were comparable between the high and low FFR groups (16.8% vs. 15.5; p = 0.744). In a multivariate analysis, low FFR at the LCx was associated with post‐stenting minimal luminal area (MLA) of LCx (odds ratio [OR]: 0.032, p < .001), post‐stenting LCx plaque burden (OR: 1.166, p < .001), poststenting LM MLA (OR: 0.821, p = .038), and prestenting LCx MLA (OR: 0.371, p = .044). In the low FFR group, those with compromised LCx managed with drug‐eluting balloon had the lowest three‐year MACE rate (8.1%), as compared to either those undergoing kissing balloon inflation (KBI) (17.5%) or stenting (20.5%) (p = 0.299).ConclusionUnnecessary LCx interventions can be avoided with FFR‐guided LCx intervention. Poststenting MLA and plaque burden of the LCx, and main vessel stent length are poststenting predictors of low FFR.
Mualaf Chic: Conversion and Mediation in Indonesian Pious Sociality
Authors: Jones Carla 
Published: July 2021

AbstractScholars of the visible rise of public forms of Islamic piety movements in Indonesia in the past two decades have noted its transnational character. Unsurprisingly, Arab inspiration has been prominent, as direct clerical influence and indirect aesthetic prestige. In this article, I suggest that another feature of this shared religious community relays a slightly different allure, that of accessing and domesticating foreignness through conversion and cosmopolitanism. I analyze this through examples from pious fashion celebrities who have large and passionate Indonesian audiences. Analyzing two genres, Indonesian pious celebrities who amplify their appeal through situating themselves in foreign settings, and foreign converts to Islam who have large Indonesian social media audiences because of their adoption of Muslim piety, I ask how the affordances of fashion facilitate a unique process of accessing the allure of the foreign that preclude its total domestication. I focus particularly on the example of Ayana Jihye Moon, a Korean woman whose conversion to Islam has created a substantial Indonesian fan base. Her “ journey to Islam” suggests alternate circuits in contemporary Indonesian Islamic culture and by extension, the role of the foreign in Indonesian conceptions of authority.
Influences of the bark economics spectrum and positive termite feedback on bark and xylem decomposition
Authors: Tuo Bin , Yan En‐Rong , Guo Chao , Ci Hang , Berg Matty P. , Cornelissen Johannes H.C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe plant economics spectrum integrates trade‐offs and covariation in resource economic traits of different plant organs and their consequences for pivotal ecosystem processes, such as decomposition. However, in this concept stems are often considered as one unit ignoring the important functional differences between wood (xylem) and bark. These differences may not only affect the performance of woody plants during their lifetime, but may also have important “afterlife effects.” Specifically, bark quality may strongly affect deadwood decomposition of different woody species. We hypothesized that (1) bark quality strongly influences bark decomposability to microbial decomposers, and possibly amplifies the interspecific variation in decomposition by invertebrate consumption, especially termites; and (2) bark decomposition has secondary effects on xylem mass loss by providing access to decomposers including invertebrates such as termites. We tested these hypotheses across 34 subtropical woody species representing five common plant functional types, by conducting an in situ deadwood decomposition experiment over 12‐month in two sites in subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forest in China. We employed visual examination and surface density measurement to quantify termite consumption to both bark and the underlying xylem, respectively. Using principal component analysis, we synthesized seven bark traits to provide the first empirical evidence for a bark economics spectrum (BES), with high BES values (i.e., bark thickness, nitrogen, phosphorus, and cellulose contents) indicating a resource acquisitive strategy and low BES values (i.e., carbon, lignin, and dry matter contents) indicating a resource conservative strategy. The BES affected interspecific variation in bark mass loss and this relationship was strongly amplified by termites. The BES also explained nearly half of the interspecific variation in termite consumption to xylem, making it an important contributor to deadwood decomposition overall. Moreover, the above across‐species relationships manifested also within plant functional types, highlighting the value of using continuous variation in bark traits rather than categorical plant functional types in carbon cycle modeling. Our findings demonstrate the potent role of the BES in influencing deadwood decomposition including positive invertebrate feedback thereon in warm‐climate forests, with implications for the role of bark quality in carbon cycling in other woody biomes.
Climate Change Warning Labels on Gas Pumps: The Role of Public Opinion Formation in Climate Change Mitigation Policies
Authors: Brooks James R. , Ebi Kristie L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article analyzes City of Cambridge, Massachusetts legislation that requires all gasoline and diesel pumps to display a consumer warning label outlining the climate change and public health impacts from fuel combustion. This review of empirical and theoretical scholarship on efficacy of carbon label programs and health warning labels suggests government‐sponsored “warming labels” may increase self‐efficacy beliefs. The analysis reveals warming labels may activate extant climate concern norms and shift public opinion toward long term support of sustainable transportation emissions policies and practices.
Effects of the hangover secret on mitigating hangover symptoms: A pilot study
Authors: Wang Der Yu , Patel Sheel , Maiton Kimberly , Pham Kevin , O'Dell Kate M. , Nguyen Nancy N. , Shah Sachin A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundDue to the popularity of excessive alcohol consumption, there is an increasing need for hangover symptom remedies. Most commercially available hangover treatment products have not been tested for efficacy through clinical study.AimsThe purpose of this pilot study was to characterize the activity of a commercially available hangover product, The Hangover Secret (THS).MethodsThis was a randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, crossover pilot study. Healthy volunteers of 21‐ to 40‐years‐old were eligible for participation, and received either THS or placebo on two different occasions. Participants were given 43 mL of whiskey every twenty minutes for up to 3 hours to achieve a blood alcohol concentration (BrAC) ≥ 0.12%. Hangover severity was assessed using the Acute Hangover Scale (AHS) and Acute Hangover Severity Scale (AHSS) validated tools.ResultsNine participants completed the study. AHS scores increased from baseline to 7 AM by 4.11 ± 3.17 and 1.26 ± 2.29 for the placebo and active arms respectively (P = .16). AHS headache scores increased from baseline to 7 AM by 2.44 ± 1.67 and 1.11 ± 1.17 for the placebo and active arms respectively (P = .06). AHSS scores increased from baseline to 7 AM by 1.0 ± 1.05 and 0.41 ± 1.08, for the placebo and active arms respectively (P = .30). There was no significant difference between average BrAC at 7 AM between the placebo and active arms.ConclusionTHS showed positive signals in the prevention of alcohol‐induced hangover, especially headaches. The improvements with THS surpassed the minimum clinically important difference in overall AHS score and three individual AHS symptoms scores (hangover, headache, and thirsty). THS's reduction in AHS or AHSS scores did not reach statistical significance likely due to the small sample size. Larger studies with appropriate sample sizes are needed in light of these promising findings.
Integration of a new classification scheme for periodontal and peri‐implant diseases through blended learning
Authors: Huynh Ashley V. , Latimer Jessica M. , Daubert Diane M. , Roberts Frank A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeIn recent years, dental education has experienced a general shift toward an increased technology presence in education delivery and learning. This research examines the student‐perceived efficacy of a blended learning approach (mixture of online content and face‐to‐face instruction) in a predoctoral periodontics curriculum to teach a new periodontal classification scheme to dental students in clinical training.MethodsParticipants were recruited from third‐ and fourth‐year predoctoral periodontal classes at the University of Washington School of Dentistry. Students were administered a live lecture introducing the new classification system and given access to an online module with built in case quizzes and interactive activities. Upon completing the module, students were given a post‐module survey to assess learning preferences, utilization of various learning methods, and student‐perceived efficacy of blended learning.ResultsIn a study group of 69 predoctoral dental students, the online module was the most preferred (52.2% ranked first) and utilized learning method for students (p < 0.001). Over 80% of students agreed or strongly agreed that they enjoyed using it and found it more effective than traditional lecture alone. Traditional lecture was preferred by 31.9% of students, and no students ranked the assigned reading as their first choice of learning method (p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate higher student preference, utilization, and self‐perceived efficacy of blended learning as compared to traditional assigned readings and lectures – supporting blended learning as a promising educational approach for predoctoral dental education.
Anxiety symptoms and alcohol abuse during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study with Brazilian dental undergraduate students
Authors: Fernandez Matheus dos Santos , Vieira Igor Soares , Silva Nathalia Ribeiro Jorge da , Cardoso Taiane de Azevedo , Bielavski Camilla Hübner , Rakovski Coral , Silva Alexandre Emidio Ribeiro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to assess whether anxiety symptoms are associated with alcohol abuse in Brazilian undergraduate dental students during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodA cross‐sectional study was conducted. A semi‐structured questionnaire addressing the variables of interest was hosted on Google Forms and shared with dental undergraduate students from all Brazilian regions between July 8 and 27, 2020. Alcohol abuse was measured using the Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye opener (CAGE) questionnaire score of ≥2. All participants responded to the seven‐item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD‐7). Hierarchical logistic regression was also conducted.ResultsAmong the 1050 students evaluated, 18.7% (n = 196) had a positive screening for alcohol abuse during the pandemic. The prevalence of mild (GAD‐7 = 5–9), moderate (GAD‐7 = 10–14), and severe (GAD‐7 ≥15) anxiety among students were 31.3%, 29.6%, and 24.2%, respectively. The final hierarchical logistic regression model showed that during the COVID‐19 pandemic, anxiety levels predict the likelihood of alcohol abuse among students with moderate (OR 10.05 [95% IC: 4.12–24.52]) or severe (OR 15.82 [95% IC: 6.46–38.73]) anxiety, especially for male students (moderate anxiety: OR 17.06 [95% CI: 8.36–34.78]; severe anxiety: OR 28.38 [95% CI: 8.62–38.24]).ConclusionThe prevalence of alcohol abuse and moderate or severe anxiety in Brazilian undergraduate dental students during the COVID‐19 pandemic was high. Male students may be more sensitive to the presence of anxiety symptoms in this period, thus contributing to higher levels of alcohol consumption, in comparison to female students. Intervention strategies that promote the adoption of healthier lifestyles can enable the effective management of anxiety symptoms during the pandemic and thus, hold the potential to reduce exacerbated alcohol intake in this population.
Trans‐seasonal activation of the neuroendocrine reproductive axis: Low‐temperature winter dormancy modulates gonadotropin‐releasing hormone neurons in garter snakes
Authors: Lutterschmidt Deborah I. , Lucas Ashley R. , Summers Andrew R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAll animals use external cues from the environment to accurately time life‐history events. How the brain decodes environmental stimuli to effect changes in physiology and behavior, however, is poorly understood, particularly with regard to supplementary environmental cues such as temperature. We asked if low‐temperature dormancy alters the synthesis and/or release of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH). We used the well‐studied red‐sided garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) for this study, as low‐temperature exposure is both necessary and sufficient to induce reproduction in northern populations of this species. Snakes were collected from the field and hibernated at 4°C or 10°C in complete darkness for up to 16 weeks. In males, increasing duration of low‐temperature dormancy significantly increased GnRH‐immunoreactive cell number and GnRH soma size (a proxy for relative cell activity) in the forebrain. These changes mirrored those in male reproductive behavior (reported previously) and plasma androgen concentrations. The changes in GnRH cell area observed in males were specific to the neuroendocrine population of cells in the medial preoptic area; soma size in the rostral GnRH cells did not change. Finally, temperature‐induced changes in GnRH were sexually dimorphic: neither hibernation temperature nor the duration of winter dormancy significantly modulated GnRH cell number or soma size in females, despite the fact that plasma estradiol and corticosterone increased significantly in response to both. These data demonstrate that the neuroendocrine GnRH system is sensitive to environmental temperature and suggest that GnRH neurons play a conserved but trans‐seasonal role in mediating changes in reproductive physiology and behavior in dissociated breeders.