bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Post Cataract Extraction Visual Acuity: 10 Hz Visually Evoked Potentials
Authors: Odom J Vernon , Chao Gung-mei , Hobson Robert , Weinstein George W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Cataract patients suspected of having disease that might interfere with good postoperative visual function were evaluated by eliciting monocular steadystate luminance visual evoked potentials (VEPs) with closed eyes at a stimulus rate of 10 flashes/sec. VEPs were rated as either normal or abnormal. Patients with normal VEPs were predicted to have visual acuity of 6/15 (20/50) or better. Patients with abnormal VEPs were predicted to have acuities of 6/18 (20/60) or worse. Postoperative acuities were determined for all patients who underwent surgery and who had no intraoperative or early postoperative complications. The predicted and observed postoperative acuities were quantitatively compared for the 59 patients who met these criteria, using a 2 × 2 contingency table. The chisquare was significant (p<.001). The overall accuracy of prediction was 80%. Accuracy of the predictions for patients with preoperative acuities of 6/60 (20/200) or better was compared with the accuracy of the predictions for those with preoperative acuities of 60/120 (20/400) or worse. There was no significant difference (p>0.10).
Technique for Incisional Biopsy of a Lacrimal Gland Mass When the Diagnosis of Benign Mixed Tumor Cannot Be Excluded Clinically
Authors: Tse David T , Folberg Robert 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In most cases of a lacrimal gland mass, the management course can be defined clearly based on an accurate history supported by characteristic radiographic features. There are, however, certain cases that do not fit cleanly into management algorithms and, on occasion, it may be necessary to obtain an incisional biopsy into a lacrimal gland mass when the diagnosis of benign mixed tumor cannot be excluded conclusively. We report a technique for incisional lacrimal gland biopsy under these circumstances. To prevent tumor spillage in the event of benign mixed tumor, the incision site into the gland is covered with several drops of butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. The biopsy specimen is submitted for frozen section examination. If the frozen section reveals benign mixed tumor, the entire gland may be removed, with the cyanoacrylate bond protecting the lacrimal gland contents from contaminating the orbit. The technique and its indications are described in detail.
"Proplast" for Keratoprosthesis
Authors: White James H , Gona Ophelia 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
'Proplast,' a Teflon® fluorocarbon polymer and carbon fiber composite, was used as support for a polymethyl-methacrylate cylinder in a keratoprosthesis that was implanted in rabbit corneas with successful retention for up to 3 years.
Complications of Vitrectomy for Non-clearing Vitreous Hemorrhage in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Benson William E , Brown Gary C , Tasman William , McNamara J Archibald 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
One hundred consecutive patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy underwent vitrectomy for nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage. Eighty-two had significantly improved vision; nine had no improvement in vision; and nine had complications which resulted in permanent loss of vision. Only three eyes lost vision because of neovascular glaucoma. Our results indicate that with improved surgical techniques, the incidence of vitrectomy complications is decreasing.
Limbal Wedge Resection at the Time of Intraocular Lens Surgery for Reducing Postkeratoplasty Astigmatism
Authors: Geggel Harry S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Thirteen limbal wedge resections performed to reduce postkeratoplasty astigmatism in patients undergoing secondary intraocular lens placement were reviewed. Eleven of the 13 procedures reduced preoperative astigmatism 3.12 diopters (±1.77 D; range, 0.50 D to 6.25 D). The average follow-up time was 17 months (range, 4 to 36 months). The average flat/steep ratio was 1.19 (±0.96), indicating approximately equal degrees of corneal flattening and steepening. Average central corneal keratometric values steepened 0.47 D, with a range of 0.56 D of flattening to 2.41 D of steepening. Keratometric values were stable by 4 months in most patients. All patients except one with amblyopia had a corrected visual acuity of 20/60 or better. A dellen formation developed in one case, but it caused no permanent negative visual complications. As generally found in previous studies, each 0.1-mm wedge-width resected induced 1 D of astigmatic correction. Limbal wedge resection in conjunction with intraocular lens implantation can safely and effectively reduce astigmatism following penetrating keratoplasty.
An Improved Technique for Experimental Penetrating Keratoplasty in Rabbits
Authors: Beyer Craig F , Lin David T C , Insler Michael S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Penetrating keratoplasty is difficult to perform, especially for the beginning ophthalmologist or corneal surgeon. This investigation describes, step by step, a simplified technique of performing experimental keratoplasty on rabbit eyes. Use of this method resulted in 20 of 24 (83%) rabbit eyes maintaining technically successful clear grafts without anterior synechiae or angle-closure glaucoma for up to 3 months postoperatively.
A Modified Iris Fixation Suture Utilizing a Peripheral Iridectomy
Authors: Allinson Richard W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
To help ensure proper placement of an iris fixation suture, a peripheral iridectomy can be performed to allow visualization of the superior haptic of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL). In cases where support for the PC-IOL is in question, an iris fixation suture using this technique provides an easy way of ensuring adequate support.
Filtering Bleb Encapsulation Increased by Steroid Injection
Authors: Loftfield Katherine , Ball Stuart F 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In an attempt to enhance its pressure-lowering and fibroblast inhibiting effects, we administered 0.15 cc of 24 mg/ml dexamethasone, intra-Tenon's, directly over the fistula site following 16 consecutive filtering surgeries. The encapsulation rate in these eyes was 56% (9/15), as compared with 10% (2/20) in a retrospectively matched group of eyes that had undergone filtering surgery with dexamethasone given subconjunctivally 180° away from the filter site. The effective concentration of dexamethasone achieved by the injections at the filter site apparently did not maintain the fibroblast inhibitory drug level and, in fact, supported fibroblastic growth, resulting in increased encapsulation.
Because of the increased encapsulation rate and the lack of any demonstrable benefit associated with it, we do not recommend intralesional dexamethasone in filtering surgery. Commercial topical steroids with their lower concentrations also may act to promote rather than inhibit fibroblast growth. Prolonged steroid use after filtering surgery beyond the inflammatory phase of wound healing (about 2 weeks) may increase fibrosis in the area of the filter, resulting in a thick-walled bleb with few microcysts, one form of which is frank encapsulation. Thus, we recommend that topical steroids routinely be stopped by the third postoperative week if the level of inflammation permits.
Transconjunctival Nd:YAG Laser Revision of Failing Trabeculectomy
Authors: Rankin Gary A , Latina Mark A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We used a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser delivered transconjunctivally to restore filtration to a failing trabeculectomy of a 51 -year-old black woman with primary open-angle glaucoma and uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) on maximally tolerated anti-glaucoma medical therapy. Initially, the Nd:YAG laser was directed via a goniolens at the interface of the trabeculectomy flap and scleral bed. This attempt to restore filtration was unsuccessful. In two separate treatment sessions the Nd: YAG laser was directed transconjunctival^ onto the visible trabeculectomy flap margins, followed by focusing the laser onto the gray-white episcleral fibrous tissue overlying the scleral flap. During the last transconjunctival treatment, the bleb elevated immediately and the IOP decreased from 30 mm Hg to 18 mm Hg. These effects have been sustained over 3 months of follow-up.
The Effect of Relaxing Incisions With Multiple Compression Sutures on Post-Keratoplasty Astigmatism
Authors: Lustbader Jay M , Lemp Michael A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a surgical technique for correction of astigmatism following penetrating keratoplasty performed after all keratoplasty sutures have been removed. Two relaxing incisions of 3 clock hours, at 3/4 depth, 0.5 mm inside the keratoplasty wound are used in combination with two sets of three compression sutures placed 90° from the incisions. Selective removal of the compression sutures allows for a graded reduction in overcorrection. With this technique, a mean preoperative astigmatism in 10 patients of 14.25 diopters was reduced to 6.33 D 3 months postoperatively (P<.002). There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications such as inadvertent perforation, wound dehiscence, or graft rejection.
A New Glaucoma Filter Implant
Authors: Dobrogowski Michael J , Dolman Peter J , Douglas Gordon R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A new glaucoma filtration procedure was performed in nine rabbits in a preliminary trial. A silastic tube with an internal diameter of 0.35 mm was passed across the anterior chamber through two limbal openings, and the free ends were buried postequatorially in sub-Tenon's space. At a later date, using an Nd: YAG laser in the thermal mode, holes 0.05 to 0.30 mm in diameter were bumed in the tube in the anterior chamber. This procedure significantly lowered intraocular pressure in four rabbits on two successive tries; however, a third treatment given in two cases did not further decrease the pressure.
Effect of Intraocular Aspiration of Sodium Hyaluronate on Postoperative Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Stamper Robert L , DiLoreto David , Schacknow Paul 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A prospective, randomized, masked study was conducted to evaluate whether intraocular aspiration of sodium hyaluronate used in cataract surgery influenced postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP). Ninety-nine patients (105 eyes) underwent uncomplicated extracapsular extractions with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation using 1% sodium hyaluronate (AMVISC®). In 53 eyes, sodium hyaluronate was aspirated from the anterior chamber prior to wound closure. Sodium hyaluronate was left in the anterior chamber of 52 eyes.
The IOP of 33 of the patients was measured 4 hours after surgery. No significant difference was found between the pressure in the eyes from which the sodium hyaluronate had been aspirated and the pressure in those from which it had not. The IOP of all the patients was measured on the first postoperative day. The mean 24 hours after surgery was 23.4 mm Hg in the aspirated eyes and 23.1 mm Hg in the not-aspirated group. Thirteen eyes in the aspirated group and 14 in the not-aspirated group had pressures above 30 mm Hg during the first 24 hours after surgery. There were no significant differences in visual outcome, patient discomfort, corneal clarity, anterior chamber inflammation, or subsequent IOPs during 3 months of postoperative examination.
Aspiration of sodium hyaluronate at the end of cataract surgery does not appear to significantly reduce either the incidence or the degree of postoperative pressure elevations.
Matched Group Study of Surgical Resection Versus Cobalt-60 Plaque Radiotherapy for Primary Choroidal or Ciliary Body Melanoma
Authors: Augsburger James J , Lauritzen Kyra , Gamel John W , DeBrakeleer Donald J , Lowry Jonathan C , Eisenman Richard 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report the results of a nonrandomized, matchedgroup, survival and visual preservation study of patients with a choroidal or ciliary body melanoma managed by microsurgical resection of the tumor versus cobalt-60 episcleral plaque radiotherapy. Each treatment group consisted of 30 patients. All patients were matched on a case-by-case basis in terms of tumor size (largest linear tumor dimension), location of the anterior tumor margin relative to the ora serrata, location of the posterior tumor margin relative to the equator, and age at the time of treatment. Although the estimated actuarial 5-year survival probability was slightly greater in the resection group (85.2%) than in the cobalt plaque group (81.8%), this difference was neither clinically impressive nor statistically significant. In contrast, there was a substantially higher rate of early posttreatment severe visual loss in the resection group (P = .0008, MantelHaenszel test).
Trabecular Pigmentation Following Extracapsular Cataract Extraction and Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Sugiyama Kazuhisa , Kitazawa Yoshiaki 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We prospectively evaluated the change in trabecular pigmentation following extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior-chamber intraocular lens implantation in 70 patients (94 eyes) with senile cataracts. Using the Boys-Smith pigment gradation lens to measure semiquantitative^ the amount of pigment visible in the angle, we estimated the mean trabecular pigmentation preoperative^ and at 3month intervals postoperatively. Both the mean pigmentation and the number of eyes with heavy pigmentation rose after the operation and then gradually returned to preoperative levels. There was no correlation between the amount of trabecular pigmentation and intraocular pressure.
Retinal Toxicity and In Vitro Efficacy Study of Cilofungin (LY121019)
Authors: Shahsavari Mohsen , Peyman Gholam A , Niesman Michael R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We assessed the retinal toxicity of a new antifungal agent, cilof ungin, by injecting it into the vitreous body of albino rabbit eyes in dosages of 2.5 µg to 320 µg. The maximum intravitreal drug concentration (320 µg) produced no histological evidence of retinal toxicity. Electroretinography data showed some variations, but no toxicity at the highest dose (320 µg). When efficacy was evaluated in vitro against Candida albicans, the minimal inhibitory concentration was 2.50 µg/mL, using Sabouraud's broth or M3 medium. The minimal fungicidal concentration was 5 µg/mL with Sabouraud's broth, and 10 µg/mL with M3 medium. Cilofungin is a potentially safe antifungal for the treatment of candida endophthalmitis.
Role of Communities in Decision-Making Eye Care Programs
Authors: Chana Harjinder S , Lundstrom Karl J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The concept of primary health care involves educating people to live their lives in ways beneficial to their health. Communities as a whole must participate in the decision-making that is involved in such education, be it promotive, preventive, curative, or rehabilitative. I refer to this participation as "participatory communication." It is based on two fundamental tenets: 1) Everyone in a community has some special knowledge to contribute to the development of the health of that community; and 2) No person is superior to another. Subsequent to sociological and anthropological studies of communities in the Southern Sudan by the Norwegian Church Aid, the Norwegian Association of the Blind and Partially-Sighted conducted village workshops based on this concept.
Mycobacterium chelonei Keratopathy With Visual Rehabilitation by a Triple Procedure
Authors: Crane Timothy B , Stevens Rhoads E , Couch Rex D , Lee Timothy L , Terui Robin 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a chronic keratouveitis following an eye injury, the etiology of which remained obscure despite repeated corneal scrapings and cultures. Eventually, the diagnosis was established by culturing Mycobacterium chelonei from a corneal biopsy specimen.
Topical amikacin resolved active inflammation, but dense corneal scarring and a cataract remained. Visual rehabilitation was achieved through a combined penetrating keratoplasty, extracapsular cataract extraction, and intraocular lens implantation. This case illustrates that there should be a high index of suspicion of atypical mycobacteria when faced with any unusual keratitis, particularly following penetrating injuries and corneal grafts.
The Use of Subconjunctivally Administered Tissue Plasminogen Activator After Trabeculectomy
Authors: Piltz Jody R , Starita Richard J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Blockage of aqueous flow in the early postoperative period can be devastating to the success of trabeculectomy. We used tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) subconjunctivally in an attempt to release a trabeculectomy flap that appeared to be adherent to its scierai bed. No change was noted 90 minutes after injection, but a highly elevated bleb was present on the first postoperative day. Subconjunctivally administered tPA may be useful in releasing the fibrin "glue" in cases with adherent trabeculectomy flaps.
Microbial Keratitis Following Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Tavakkoli Hassan , Sugar Joel 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A retrospective study of 36 cases of infectious keratitis in the graft following 885 consecutive penetrating keratoplasties was conducted to evaluate the spectrum of pathogens and the factors affecting graft survival. Gram positive cocci and gram negative rods were equally responsible (47% in both cases) for 94% of the infections. Epithelial defects were responsible for 64% of the ulcers; suture-related infections, for 36%. After the infectious keratitis resolved, only 50% of the patients had a clear graft. Because the visual prognosis is poor once infectious keratitis develops, aggressive treatment is essential as soon as any sign of infiltration appears.
Frosted-Iris Intraocular Lens for Traumatic Aniridia With Cataract
Authors: Vajpayee Rasik B , Majji Ajit B , Taherian Kasra , Honavar Santosh G 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe an eye with traumatic cataract and aniridia in which we implanted a frosted-iris intraocular lens following endocapsular cataract extraction. The lens was well tolerated and the cosmetic result acceptable.
Comparison of Three Corneal Trephines for Use in Therapeutic Penetrating Keratoplasties for Large Corneal Perforations
Authors: Ng John D , Nekola Mark , Parmley Vernon C , Richardson Margaret , Mader Thomas 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Corneas with large perforations complicate penetrating keratoplasty due to the increased risk of anterior chamber collapse they pose. We hypothesize that suction trephines should produce more uniform cornea) openings than non-suction trephines. Penetrating keratoplasties using Franceschetti-type freeblades, and Hanna and Hessberg-Barron suction trephines were performed on human eye bank eyes with large corneal perforations. The trephined corneas' histologie appearance was graded according to depth, sharpness, and perpendicularity of cut. Suction trephines were easier to use, resulted in less anterior chamber collapse, caused less corneal distortion, and created a sharper, deeper and more perpendicular incision. The Hessberg-Barron and Hanna trephines performed better than the freeblades in this study.
Compliance in Patients Prescribed Eyedrops for Glaucoma
Authors: Patel Santosh C , Spaeth George L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We studied the rate of failure to use eyedrops as prescribed for glaucoma and some of the factors possibly associated with that noncompliance by interviewing 100 patients being followed in a setting emphasizing correct usage. Fifty-nine reported they had not used their eyedrops precisely as prescribed. Factors significantly influencing compliance included daily dose frequency, forgetfulness, inconvenience, and unaffordability. Gender and race were marginally significant factors, with men and blacks reporting somewhat higher rates of missed doses than women and whites. Side effects and age were not significant causes of noncompliance.
A Simple Punching Device for Use in Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Urrets-Zavalía A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A method of supporting donor cornea for trephination is described. On a base of heated and then cooled paraffin, a series of small indentations are made with a sterile acrylic ball, 15 mm in diameter, about one third of its volume deep. The donor cornea is then placed in one of the indentations for trephination.
Visual Outcome of Eyes With Malignant Melanoma of the Uvea After Ruthenium Plaque Radiotherapy
Authors: Summa Paula , Immonen Ilkka , Kivelä Tero , Tommila Petri , Heikkonen Jorma , Tarkkaanen Ahti 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To analyze the overall visual outcome in 100 consecutive eyes with malignant uveal melanoma irradiated with ruthenium-106 plaques between 1981 and 1991.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The follow-up ranged from 4 months to 10.1 years (median 3-0 years). Scattergrams of equal follow-up periods, lifetable survival analysis, and Cox's proportional hazards analysis were used to analyze visual outcome.
* RESULTS: VA increased for some time in 14 eyes. By 3 years, VA of at least 20/70, 20/200, counting fingers, and light perception were retained in 27%, 41%, 67% and 82% of eyes, respectively. Macular pathology cause loss of reading vision; neovascular glaucoma or enucleation caused loss of light perception. In univariate analysis, large tumor size (height >5 mm or TNM class T3) predicted visual loss of all VA levels. For the loss of light perception, the tumor s largest basal diameter > 15 mm reached significance. In Cox's multivariate analysis tumor height >5 mm was the only significant independent risk indicator for loss of VA levels 20/70 and 20/200. For the level CF, largest basal tumor diameter also reached significance, but location of the tumor within 1 disc diameter of the optic disc, either alone or in addition to the fovea, had the greatest risk ratio (6.3, 95% CI 4.1-9.8). For losing light perception, large TNM size (T3) was the strongest risk indicator (risk ratio 10.0; 95% CI 4.5-22.5), followed by proximity of the tumor to the optic disc (risk ratio 4.3, 95% CI 2.4-7.8).
* CONCLUSION: Ruthenium brachytherapy may retain vision in an eye with a malignant melanoma of the uvea for a considerable period of rime. The data presented are useful in patient counseling and allow comparison to subsequent series.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1995;26:449-460.]