bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sitting as a moral practice: Older adults’ accounts from qualitative interviews on sedentary behaviours
Authors: Palmer Victoria J. , Gray Cindy M. , Fitzsimons Claire , Mutrie Nanette , Wyke Sally , Der Geoff , Chastin Sebastien F. M. , Skelton Dawn A. ,   the Seniors USP Team
Published: November 2021

AbstractAmidst public health campaigns urging people to sit less as well as being more physically active, this paper investigates how older adults make sense of their sedentary behaviour. Using an accounts framework focusing on how people rationalise their sitting practices, we analysed data from 44 qualitative interviews with older adults. All interviewees had received information about sedentary behaviour and health, visual feedback on their own objectively measured sitting over a week and guidance on sitting less. Participants used accounts to position sitting as a moral practice, distinguishing between ‘good’ (active/‘busy’) and ‘bad’ (passive/‘not busy’) sitting. This allowed them to align themselves with acceptable (worthwhile) forms of sitting and distance themselves from other people whose sitting they viewed as less worthwhile. However, some participants also described needing to sit more as they got older. The findings suggest that some public health messaging may lead to stigmatisation around sitting. Future sedentary behaviour guidelines and public health campaigns should consider more relatable guidelines that consider the lived realities of ageing, and the individual and social factors that shape them. They should advocate finding a balance between sitting and moving that is appropriate for each person.
Efficiency of eDNA and iDNA in assessing vertebrate diversity and its abundance
Authors: Carvalho Carolina S. , de Oliveira Marina Elisa , Rodriguez‐Castro Karen Giselle , Saranholi Bruno H. , Galetti Pedro M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) and invertebrate‐derived DNA (iDNA) have been increasingly recognized as powerful tools for biodiversity assessment and conservation management. However, eDNA/iDNA efficiency for vertebrate diversity assessment remains uncertain, and comparisons to conventional methods are still rare. Through a meta‐analysis of previously published vertebrate diversity surveys, we compared the efficiency of eDNA/iDNA against conventional methods across several types of samplers, vertebrate groups, and locations (tropical vs. temperate zones). We also assess eDNA/iDNA efficiency to estimate relative abundance or biomass over different molecular methods (qPCR and metabarcoding) and type of experiment (in the laboratory or in the field). We showed that for water sampler, fish as a target species, and studies achieved in temperate zones, eDNA presents lower risk of not detecting a species or a site with a target species than conventional methods. These results show that eDNA is an efficient tool to assess fish diversity. Moreover, eDNA data presents positive correlation with fish abundance or biomass. However, such correlation was higher in laboratory experiments than in the field. For the other samplers, vertebrate groups, and in tropical zones we were not able to draw general conclusion, highlighting the urgency of conducting more comparative studies.
Principles of environmentally‐sustainable anaesthesia: a global consensus statement from the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists
Authors: White S. M. , Shelton C. L. , Gelb A. W. , Lawson C. , McGain F. , Muret J. , Sherman J. D. ,   representing the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists Global Working Group on Environmental Sustainability in Anaesthesia
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe Earth’s mean surface temperature is already approximately 1.1°C higher than pre‐industrial levels. Exceeding a mean 1.5°C rise by 2050 will make global adaptation to the consequences of climate change less possible. To protect public health, anaesthesia providers need to reduce the contribution their practice makes to global warming. We convened a Working Group of 45 anaesthesia providers with a recognised interest in sustainability, and used a three‐stage modified Delphi consensus process to agree on principles of environmentally sustainable anaesthesia that are achievable worldwide. The Working Group agreed on the following three important underlying statements: patient safety should not be compromised by sustainable anaesthetic practices; high‐, middle‐ and low‐income countries should support each other appropriately in delivering sustainable healthcare (including anaesthesia); and healthcare systems should be mandated to reduce their contribution to global warming. We set out seven fundamental principles to guide anaesthesia providers in the move to environmentally sustainable practice, including: choice of medications and equipment; minimising waste and overuse of resources; and addressing environmental sustainability in anaesthetists’ education, research, quality improvement and local healthcare leadership activities. These changes are achievable with minimal material resource and financial investment, and should undergo re‐evaluation and updates as better evidence is published. This paper discusses each principle individually, and directs readers towards further important references.
Procurement‐related liver injury for transplantation: an analysis of the risk factors and consequences in an Australian transplant centre
Authors: Walcott James , Fink Michael , Ealing Isaac , Christophi Christopher , Muralidharan Vijayaragavan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundLiver transplantation is an established treatment for liver failure, and its success relies on the quality of the donated organ amongst other factors. Studies on procurement‐related liver injury (PRLI) are few and some may not apply to modern‐day practice. This is the first Australian study examining risk factors and consequences of PRLI.MethodThe Victorian Liver Transplant Unit database was examined for deceased liver donors from 2010 to 2017. Information regarding the donor, retrieval and subsequent transplantation was obtained. PRLI details were sought from the ‘organ retrieval report form’. PRLI risk factors and their complications were analysed.ResultsA total of 420 transplants were included, with 45 injuries in 44 livers (10%), and significant injuries were observed in 4%. Variant anatomy was associated with an increased risk of PRLI (11% vs. 2%, p < 0.001). Complication rates were not significantly different between livers with and without PRLI however a reduction in early graft survival was observed.ConclusionThis study shows that PRLI is common, and that variant anatomy is associated with an increased risk of injury. Appropriate feedback and benchmarking are important to maintain a high quality in donor surgery.
Volcanic disruption: the impact of Whakaari White Island on the provision of elective surgical care in Counties Manukau
Authors: Hayes Thomas , Coleman Brendan , Locke Michelle 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionOn 9 December 2019, Whakaari White Island erupted while 47 people were on the island. Thirty‐one people were subsequently hospitalized. Fourteen volcanic burn victims were managed at the National Burns Centre at Middlemore Hospital. Between December 2019 and March 2020 these patients required 124 procedures in theatre, using 23 709 operative minutes. Elective surgical lists were cancelled to fulfil this demand for acute operating theatre time and theatre staff.ObjectivesTo quantify the elective surgical resource lost in the aftermath of the Whakaari White Island eruption by surgical specialty.MethodsA data set listing all surgical procedures undertaken within Counties Manukau District Health Board during the period 1 December 2019–1 March 2020 and the corresponding months from the preceding 3 years was analysed. Sum operating time and procedures post‐Whakaari were compared with the average of the prior 3 years to quantify loss in resource.ResultsIn the 3 months post‐Whakaari, 698 fewer elective operations were completed across all surgical specialties than the average of the previous 3 years, a decrease of 26.3%. All major surgical specialties except urology showed an absolute decrease in elective procedures completed. The most significant decrease was the 59.1% (533 procedures) loss in plastic surgery elective procedures, with no sign of recovery by March 2021.ConclusionsThe plastic surgery department was the worst affected by the Whakaari disaster. Overall elective surgical delivery within Counties Manukau was substantially impacted, and would not yet recover by the time of the national COVID‐19 lockdown in March 2020.
Chemical analyses on late antique glass finds from Histria, Romania
Authors: Bugoi Roxana , Ţârlea Alexandra , Szilágyi Veronika , Harsányi Ildikó , Cliante Laurenţiu , Kasztovszky Zsolt 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper reports the chemical composition of 36 glass finds from Histria, Romania, mainly dated to the Late Antique period (4th–6th c. AD) obtained by Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) at the Budapest Neutron Centre (BNC). Histria glass fragments were identified as Série 2.1, Série 3.2, and Série 3.3 of Foy, HIMT, Roman, and Sb decolorized. Most of the analyzed objects were manufactured from glass originating in Egyptian primary workshops. These analytical results are an additional proof for the trade connection of Histria with the rest of the Roman Empire.
The Effect of Capitalising Operating Leases On Charities
Authors: Fahad Nafiz , Scott Tom 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the effect of capitalising operating leases on the total liabilities to total assets and surplus to total asset ratios for a sample of New Zealand charities. It finds that both ratios have significantly increased post‐capitalisation and that expenditures change. This extends the constructive lease capitalisation literature to the not‐for‐profit sector. This paper also discusses the characteristics of charities’ operating leases and how they differ from the for‐profit sector. Overall, this paper provides timely evidence to standard setters, especially considering the current exposure draft converging International Public Sector Accounting Standard lease accounting with International Financial Reporting Standard 16 Leases.
The commercialized Australian public university: An accountingized transition
Authors: Parker Lee , Martin‐Sardesai Ann , Guthrie James 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of neoliberalism on Australia's public higher education system. It examines flaws in the university system revealed by the COVID‐19 pandemic and identifies how the conditions created by neoliberal policies have limited universities' capacity to respond to a crisis. The paper reviews the previous literature on universities, neoliberalism policies, and new public management practices. It uses data from the literature, newspapers, and contemporary documents to shape an overview of the Australian public sector university system up to 2021 and its transformation by stealth. The impact of this transformation has been a heavy reliance on international onshore student fees to fund operations, infrastructure, and research activities. COVID‐19‐related public health measures have caused a significant downturn in the number of international students studying in Australia, in turn, creating a financial crisis that has seen many tens of thousands of university staff losing their jobs and courses being cut. The transformation has also seen accountingization of both individual academic and university performance to become the norm. The quantified performance metrics associated with accountingization have become universities' new language, and their goal displaced ends. Revenue generation and expenditure has been privileged over making a contribution to the nation and society. We call for a radical rethinking of the public sector university mission for the ultimate benefit of the Australian community.
Motorway proximity affects spatial dynamics of orthopteran assemblages in a grassland ecosystem
Authors: Rebrina Fran , Reinhold Klaus , Tvrtković Nikola , Brigić Andreja 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Major roads have become significant components of environmental change but their impacts on invertebrate assemblages are insufficiently understood, and therefore rarely considered in road‐planning and management.
In the current study, we test (i) whether and how orthopteran assemblages change with distance from a motorway, and (ii) how road‐induced changes in noise level, vegetation height and microclimate affect assemblage metrics and spatial distribution of orthopteran species.
In 2018, we sampled orthopterans at five distances from a motorway: 10, 25, 50, 100 and 500 m, in eight locations within homogeneous portions of a grassland habitat in Lika region, Croatia, using two sampling methods: pitfall trapping and sweep‐netting.
Orthopteran abundance, species richness, true diversity and conservation value decreased at the sites closest to the motorway in the pitfall dataset, primarily due to negative responses of species with low‐frequency acoustic signals.
Road‐influenced vegetation height had a stronger overall impact on orthopteran assemblages than traffic noise and/or microclimate; increased diversity and conservation value at 25 m from the motorway suggest an effect similar to early stages of vegetation succession.
This study shows, for the first time, that a major road can induce changes in adjacent orthopteran assemblages, but negative impacts are confined to a narrow zone.
Our results indicate that road‐induced changes in orthopteran assemblages could be more efficiently assessed using pitfall trapping than sweep‐netting.
Increasing heterogeneity of roadside habitats by appropriate vegetation management could help mitigating negative road impacts on Orthoptera in the study area, while contributing to higher diversity of their assemblages.
miR‐381‐3p attenuates doxorubicin resistance in human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma via targeting homeobox A9
Authors: Zhang Yan , Li Ke , Wang Weili , Han Jingjing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAbnormal microRNA (miR) expression has frequently been reported to be implicated in cancer‐related drug resistance. Herein, we planned to investigate whether miR‐381‐3p contributes to doxorubicin (DOX) resistance in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). DOX‐resistant ATC tissues and cell lines were prepared to detect miR‐381‐3p and homeobox A9 (HOXA9) expression. CCK8, transwell and TUNEL assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and apoptosis in in vitro experiments. HOXA9 expression is intensively expressed in ATC tissues compared with benign thyroid tissues. Compared with parental ATC cell lines, HOXA9 protein expression is significantly up‐regulated in DOX‐resistant SW1736 and CAL62 cells. The knockdown of HOXA9 leads to growth inhibition and apoptosis of DOX‐resistant SW1736 and CAL62 cells. Our results also indicate a significant decrease in miR‐381‐3p expression levels in DOX‐resistant ATC tissues and cell lines. miR‐381‐3p may function as a tumour suppressor to impede proliferation, migration and invasion and induce apoptosis of DOX‐resistant SW1736 and CAL62 cells by inhibiting HOXA9 protein expression. Our results present a novel signalling axis miR‐381‐3p/HOXA9 that mediates DOX resistance in ATC. miR‐381‐3p and HOXA9 may be promising molecular targets for preventing ATC progression and drug resistance.
Testing the value of expert insight: Comparing local versus general expert judgment models
Authors: Yu Martin C. , Kuncel Nathan R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractExpert judges often claim to utilize expert insight to tailor judgments to maximize predictive validity for a specific context. We evaluated multi‐organizational assessment data regarding the prediction of supervisory ratings of job performance from ratings on individual assessment dimensions, finding no evidence that the average expert assessor effectively tailored judgments to specific organizations to maximize prediction. Expert judgment was outperformed in all organizational contexts by linear models of expert judgment, optimal weighted regression models, as well as simple sum composites. Critically, the dimension weighting policies of the expert assessors were not consistent with optimal weights for predicting job performance at any organization. We discuss why expertise tends not to contribute to predictive validity and describe methods for improving overall judgmental accuracy.
LC-MS/MS quantitation of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor CM3 and glutathione during wheat sourdough breadmaking
Authors: Won Savanna , Curtis Jonathan , Gänzle Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to quantify α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor (ATI) CM3 and glutathione (GSH) during wheat sourdough breadmaking.Methods and resultsBreads were made with two wheat cultivars and fermented with Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis, F. sanfranciscensis ΔgshR or Latilactobacillus sakei; chemically acidified and straight doughs served as controls. Samples were analysed after mixing, after proofing and after baking. GSH and CM3 were quantified by multi-reaction-monitoring-based methods on an LC-QTRAP mass spectrometer. Undigested ATI extracts were further examined by SDS-PAGE.ConclusionsGSH abundance was similar after mixing and after proofing but increased after baking (p &lt; 0.001), regardless of fermentation. In breads baked with cv. Brennan, the samples fermented with lactobacilli had higher GSH abundance (p &lt; 0.001) than in the controls. CM3 relative abundance remained similar after mixing and after proofing but decreased after baking (p &lt; 0.001) across all treatments. This trend was supported by the SDS-PAGE analysis in which ATI band intensities decreased after baking (p &lt; 0.001) in all experimental conditions. The overall effect of baking exerted a greater effect on the abundances of GSH and CM3 than fermentation conditions.Significance and Impact of the StudyThis is the first report to quantify ATI over the course of breadmaking by LC-MS/MS in sourdough and straight dough processes.
Comparison of efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid mesotherapy versus oral tranexamic acid in patients with melasma undergoing Q‐switched fractional 1064‐nm Nd:YAG laser: A blinded RCT and follow‐up
Authors: Behrangi Elham , Shemshadi Mahsa , Ghassemi Mohammadreza , Goodarzi Azadeh , Dilmaghani Sara 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMelasma is a common hyperpigmentation disorder. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Nd‐Yag fractional 1064 plus microinjection of tranexamic acid versus Nd‐Yag fractional 1064 plus oral tranexamic acid in patients with melasma.Materials and methodsThis is a prospective, randomized study with a sample size of 40 patients, 20 in each treatment arm, which was done six times with 2‐week intervals. Twenty patients were administered localized microinjections (4 mg/ml) of tranexamic acid and Q‐switched 1064 laser every 2 weeks in one arm, while in the other arm, 20 were given oral tranexamic acid 250 mg three times a day and Q‐switched 1064 laser every 2 weeks per visit.ResultsTwenty‐one patients with mean SD 40.52+‐4.95 y/o were treated with oral tranexamic acid, and 20 patients with 43.3+‐5.87 y/o treated with microinjection of tranexamic acid were analyzed. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics at the baseline (p > 0.05). The patients MASI score and ∆E decrease over the study period in both treatments significantly (p < 0.001). However, patient's MASI score (p = 0.99) and ∆E (p = 0.53) did not differ significant between the two group over the time. Satisfaction (p = 0.41) and complication during the study period (p = 0.09) were not significantly different between the two group.ConclusionThe combination treatment method can be a viable option for Middle Eastern patients having melasma disorder, and tranexamic acid appears to be an effective and safe treatment for melasma, irrespective of its route of administration. Tranexamic acid can increase the permeability locally by non‐invasive methods such as microneedling which is less painful than microinjection and can also increase patient satisfaction.Although the oral method is more tolerable for the patient, it may have systemic side effects, and its combination with Q‐switch laser increases its effect regardless of the type of prescription. Therefore, it is recommended to use of this drug topically (cream or lotion) by non‐invasive methods like microneedling to reduce pain and laser treatment in future studies.
Non‐invasive diagnostic techniques in pigmentary skin disorders and skin cancer
Authors: Pathania Yashdeep Singh , Apalla Zoe , Salerni Gabriel , Patil Anant , Grabbe Stephan , Goldust Mohamad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosis of pigmentary skin disorders, pre‐cancerous and cancerous skin diseases is traditionally relied on visual assessment. The most widely applied invasive diagnostic technique is the skin biopsy. There have been significant technological advances in non‐invasive diagnostic methods for skin disorders.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to discuss different non‐invasive diagnostic modalities, used in the diagnosis of pigmentary skin disorders and cutaneous cancers.MethodsComprehensive literature search was performed to screen articles related to non‐invasive diagnostic techniques in pigmentary skin disorders and cutaneous cancers. Articles published in journals indexed in PubMed were searched along with those in Google Scholar. Clinical trials, review articles, case series, case reports and other relevant articles were considered for review. References of relevant articles were also considered for review.ResultsDermoscopy and ultrasonography were the only non‐invasive diagnostic and imaging techniques available to dermatologists for many years. The advent of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) augmented the visualization of deeper structures. Confocal laser microscopy (CLM) and reflectance spectrophotometers have showed promising results in the non‐invasive detection of pigmented lesions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), multispectral imaging, high frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) and adhesive patch biopsy aid in the accurate diagnosis of benign, as well as neoplastic skin diseases.ConclusionThere have been significant advancements in non‐invasive methods for diagnosis of dermatological diseases. These techniques can be repeatedly used in a comfort manner for the patient, and may offer an objective way to follow the course of a disease.
Effect of ketoprofen on intravenous pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar)
Authors: Corum Orhan , Uney Kamil , Durna Corum Duygu , Atik Orkun , Coskun Devran , Zhunushova Aidai , Elmas Muammer 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of ketoprofen (2 mg/kg) on the intravenous pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir (10 mg/kg) in chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar). Eight clinically healthy partridges were used in the study. The study was performed in two periods using a cross‐over design following a 15‐day drug washout period. Plasma concentrations of ganciclovir were determined using the high‐pressure liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet detector and analyzed by non‐compartmental analysis. The elimination half‐life (t1/2ʎz), area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC0‐∞), total body clearance, and volume of distribution at steady state of ganciclovir were 1.63 h, 33.22 h*μg/ml, 0.30 L/h/kg, and 0.53 L/kg, respectively. Ketoprofen administration increased the t1/2ʎz and AUC0‐∞ of ganciclovir by 78% and 108%, respectively, and while decreased ClT by 53%. The increased plasma concentration and prolonged elimination half‐life of ganciclovir caused by ketoprofen may result in the prolonged duration of action and therapeutic effect of ganciclovir. However, the concomitant use requires determination of the pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen and the safety of both drugs.