bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new Model for Solving Three Mixed Integral Equations with Continuous and Discontinuous Kernels
Authors: Abdou M. A. , Youssef M. I. 
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we discuss a new model to obtain the answer to the following question: how can we establish the different types of mixed integral equations from the Fredholm integral equation? For this, we consider three types of mixed integral equations (MIEs), under certain conditions. The existence of a unique solution of such equations is guaranteed. Using analytic and numerical methods, the three MIEs formulas yield the same Fredholm integral equation (FIE) formula of the second kind. For continuous kernel, the solution of these three MIEs, via the FIEs, is discussed analytically. In addition, for a discontinuous kernel, the Toeplitz matrix method (TMM) and Product Nyström method (PNM) are used to obtain, in each method, a linear algebraic system (LAS). Then, the numerical results are obtained, the error is computed in each case, and compared as well.
Bioethanol Production from Locally Growing Algal Biomass: A Promising and Cost-effective Approach
Authors: Shivangi . , Raina Rohit , Mishra Manish , Sehgal Shelly 
Published: September 2021

Background: Energy production and consumption ratio form the hallmark of the economic prosperity of a country. To keep up with the demand and supply of energy a major switch to biofuels is reasoned but the cost associated with production and the choice of raw material forms two major economical and ethical concerns, especially in the under-developed and developing countries where the food is not sufficiently available to everyone. In this scenario, the use of food sources as raw material becomes unjustified.
Purpose: To address these issues, here we made an effort to obtain bioethanol from a non-edible and easily available resource that requires a modest cost of production i.e., a locally available algal bloom. Also, different methods of pre-treatment were employed and scrutinized for their efficacy. These methods of pre-treatment are very cost-effective and easy to administer.
Materials and Methods: The algal biomass was pre-treated separately in three ways viz., freeze-thawing, mechanical disruption and rotten wood treatment. The algal cake left out after extraction of lipid content for biodiesel production was also used as a fourth sample. After pre-treatment, the supernatant was collected and estimated for reducing sugar content and allowed to ferment using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A distillate was obtained and checked for ethanol percentage through gas chromatography.
Results: The mechanically disrupted sample yielded the highest percentage of ethanol followed by algal cake, freeze-thawing and rotten wood treatment.
Conclusion: Given present food scarcity, the non-edible algae could be a better alternative for bioethanol production as compared to the use of conventional food crops. Through this study, we have found that a better yield can be achieved if the algal biomass is pre-treated via mechanical disruption.
Effect of pain neuroscience education and exercise on presenteeism and pain intensity in health care workers: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Imai Ryota , Konishi Takashi , Mibu Akira , Tanaka Katsuyoshi , Nishigami Tomohiko 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Decreased workforce productivity has a significant economic impact on healthcare systems. Presenteeism, the practice of working at reduced potential, is more harmful than absenteeism. Present workers most often experience musculoskeletal pain that is not mitigated by general exercise or stretching. We aimed to assess whether a regimen of pain neuroscience education (PNE) and exercise tailored to individual healthcare workers could reduce presenteeism and improve productivity.

Methods
An independent investigator randomized 104 medical professionals into two groups (intervention and control). The control group received general feedback after answering a questionnaire, while the intervention group received a 6-month plan of exercises and PNE created by a physical therapist with 10 years of experience. Our primary outcome was the scores of the Japanese version of the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (WHO-HPQ) to investigate presenteeism; and our secondary outcomes were pain intensity, widespread pain index (WPI), and EuroQol 5-dimension (EQ5D-5L).

Results
In the intervention group, post intervention, we observed significant improvement in presenteeism, pain intensity, WPI, physical and psychological stress, and EQ5D-5L (P &lt; .05). In the control group, we noted significant improvement only in the physical and psychological stress post intervention (P &lt; .05). The results showed significant between-group differences in presenteeism post-intervention (P &lt; .05).

Conclusion
We demonstrated that a combination of PNE and exercise decreases presenteeism of healthcare workers. Our findings will help healthcare facilities carry out better employee management and ensure optimal productivity.
A cross-sectional study of the association between frequency of telecommuting and unhealthy dietary habits among Japanese workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   CORoNaWork Project, Kubo Yoshiko , Ishimaru Tomohiro , Hino Ayako , Nagata Masako , Ikegami Kazunori , Tateishi Seiichiro , Tsuji Mayumi , Matsuda Shinya , Fujino Yoshihisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, telecommuting has become a new way of working that has not only changed individuals’ work, but also their health and lifestyle. We examined the relationship between telecommuting frequency and unhealthy dietary habits among Japanese workers.

Methods
A total of 33,302 workers completed an Internet survey about telecommuting and dietary habits. Data from 13,468 office workers who telecommuted were analyzed. Telecommuting frequency during the COVID-19 pandemic was extracted from a questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of four types of dietary habits, namely, skipping breakfast, solitary eating, lower meal frequency, and meal substitution associated with telecommuting frequency were estimated using multilevel logistic regression nested in the prefecture of residence to control for differences in residential area.

Results
The multivariate OR of skipping breakfast was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.03–1.29, p = .013) for participants who telecommuted in excess of four days per week compared to those who rarely telecommuted. Similarly, the OR of solitary eating, lower meal frequency and meal substitution were 1.44 (95% CI: 1.28–1.63, p &lt; .001), 2.39 (95% CI: 1.66–3.44, p &lt; .001), and 1.26 (95% CI: 1.04–1.51, p = .015) for those who telecommuted in excess of four days per week compared to those who rarely telecommuted. There was a statistically significant increase in the dose-response trend in ORs of solitary eating (p for trend &lt;.001), lower meal frequency (p for trend &lt;.001), and meal substitution (p for trend = .001) with increasing telecommuting frequency.

Conclusion
Telecommuters may develop unhealthy dietary habits, indicating the need for strategies to help telecommuters manage their nutrition and diet.
Brenneria
Authors: Brady Carrie L. , Coutinho Teresa A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Bren.ne'ri.a. N.L. fem. n.
Brenneria
named after the American bacteriologist Don J. Brenner.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Enterobacterales / Pectobacteriaceae / Brenneria

The genus
Brenneria
was created to accommodate bacteria causing disease on woody hosts. Species cause a range of cankers, wilts, and necroses on willow, oak, alder, and walnut and are also associated with disease‐causing species of
Lonsdalea
. Cells are Gram‐negative, facultatively anaerobic, motile, and short rods, which appear singly or rarely in pairs. Species are mesophilic, favoring growth temperatures of 28–30°C, and prefer low salt media and neutral pH. Carbon sources such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, galactose, and
N
‐acetylglucosamine are readily assimilated and fermented. Species form a monophyletic clade when phylogenetic analysis is based on multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) or whole‐genome sequences, while 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogenies indicate that the genus is polyphyletic. The major fatty acids are C
16:0
, C
18:1
ω7
c
, C
17:0
cyclo, and summed features 2 (iso‐C
16:1
and/or C
14:0
3‐OH) and 3 (C
16:1
ω7
c
and/or iso‐C
15:0
2‐OH).

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 51.1–56.2 (
T
m
and genome analysis).

Type species
:
Brenneria salicis
Hauben et al. 1998, VL68 (basonym: “
Bacterium salicis
” Day 1924).
Hamadaea
Authors: Trujillo Martha E. , Riesco Raúl 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Ha.ma.da.e'a. N.L. fem. n.
Hamadaea
of Hamada, named after Masa Hamada, the Japanese microbiologist who made a tremendous contribution to actinomycete research.

Actinobacteria / Actinomycetia / Micromonosporales / Micromonosporaceae / Hamadaea

Gram‐stain‐positive, aerobic, and nonmotile actinobacteria. Vegetative hyphae are produced but not aerial mycelia. Short spore chains arise from the substrate hyphae. Abundant globose bodies are formed at the end of the hyphae. Positive reaction for catalase and oxidase. Grows between 4 and 40°C, pH 6–9, and in the presence of 1% NaCl. Some strains require thiamine for growth. Chemoorganotrophic. Gelatin, starch, and Tweens 20, 40, 60, and 80 are degraded. Complex carbohydrates serve as carbon sources. The cell‐wall contains
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid, but 3‐hydroxy diaminopimelic acid may also be present. The whole‐cell sugar hydrolysate profile is complex and includes xylose, galactose, mannose, ribose, arabinose, rhamnose, and glucose. MK‐9(H
6
) is the predominant menaquinone. The phospholipid composition includes diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. Phylogenetically related to members of the family
Micromonosporaceae
and closely related to the genera
Allocatelliglobosispora
,
Catellatospora
, and
Catelliglobosispora
.

DNA G
+
C content (mol%)
: 69.7–70.8 (WGS).

Type species
:
Hamadaea tsunoensis
Ara et al. 2008
VP
(basonym:
Catellatospora tsunoense
Asano et al. 1989
VP
).
Senegalimassilia
Authors: Zgheib Rita , Fournier Pierre‐Edouard 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Se.ne.ga.li.mas.si'li.a N.L. fem. n.
Senegalimassilia
, combination of Senegal, where the stool sample was collected and Massilia, the Latin name of Marseille, where strain JC110
T
was cultivated.

Actinobacteria / Coriobacteriia / Coriobacteriales / Coriobacteriaceae / Senegalimassilia

The genus
Senegalimassilia
englobes nonmotile, Gram‐positive, and oxidase‐negative coccobacilli. It has two species with validly published names,
Senegalimassilia anaerobia
and
Senegalimassilia faecalis
, that were isolated from healthy human gut samples.
Senegalimassilia
spp. grow best on blood‐enriched Columbia agar, at 37°C in strictly anaerobic atmosphere. The major fatty acid methyl esters are C
16:0
and C
16:0
dimethyl acetal, and the polar lipids include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified phospholipids, and unidentified glycolipids. In addition to the fatty acid methyl esters and polar lipid composition, the species belonging to this genus can also be differentiated from closely related genera by their asaccharolytic trait. They can also be identified by genomic criteria, using the published limits that delineate new species. They can be identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogeny and similarity (95–98.65% species limit), average nucleotide identity (ANI) (95–96%), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) (70%). They have an average genome size of 2,573,031 bp.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
:
60.9–61.2 (genome analysis).

Type species
:
Senegalimassilia anaerobia
Lagier et al. 2013, VL155 emend. Han et al. 2020.
Association Between Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity and Periodontitis Defined by Tooth Loss: Longitudinal and Cross‐Sectional Data From Two Observational Studies
Authors: Albrecht Katinka , de Pablo Paola , Eidner Thorsten , Hoese Guido , Wassenberg Siegfried , Zink Angela , Callhoff Johanna 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of tooth loss/periodontitis on disease activity in early and established rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsParticipants of the Course And Prognosis of Early Arthritis (CAPEA) early arthritis cohort reported their number of teeth at baseline. The number of teeth had been validated as a predictor of periodontitis. Clinical end points, including disease activity score (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]), swollen joint count (SJC), ESR, and C‐reactive protein level were collected at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. We used linear mixed regression models to estimate the association between tooth loss and clinical end points over time in early arthritis. For established RA, we analyzed cross‐sectional data from the German National Database (NDB). All models accounted for age, sex, smoking, seropositivity, education level, and disease duration (only NDB).ResultsAmong 1,124 CAPEA participants with early arthritis, those with higher tooth loss were older, more often male, smokers, and seropositive, and they had higher disease activity and inflammation markers at baseline. Tooth loss was associated with higher disease activity and ESR values over time. Inflammatory markers decreased comparably across tooth loss categories. Glucocorticoid use was higher among those with more tooth loss, whereas dose reduction was similar across tooth loss categories. Among 7,179 NDB participants with longstanding RA, disease activity and inflammation markers but not SJC were significantly higher in patients with more tooth loss.ConclusionAlthough we observed an association between tooth loss and disease activity scores and inflammation markers in early and established RA, longitudinal results suggest that tooth loss does not hamper treatment response.
Fluorinated Black Phosphorene Nanosheets with Robust Ambient Stability for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Tao , Liu Yinjiang , Chen Mengwei , Guo Xi , Tang Shuai , Zhang Ruoqian , Xie Zuji , Wang Jie , Gu Anping , Lin Shiwei , Wang Ning 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExtraordinary electronic and photonic features (e.g., tunable direct bandgap, high ambipolar carrier mobility) render few‐layer black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets/quantum dots an important optoelectronic material. However, most of the BP applied in metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are produced by sonication‐assisted liquid exfoliation, which inevitably brings inferior electronic properties, thus leading to limited beneficial effects. Furthermore, this study uncovers that the intrinsic instability of BP nanosheets sandwiched between (CsFAMA)Pb(BrI)3 perovskite and spiro‐OMeTAD has a deleterious effect on the performance stabilization of PSCs. To address the above constraints, a feasible strategy herein is developed by introducing high‐quality fluorinated BP (F‐BP) nanosheets synthesized by one‐step electrochemical delamination. In addition to P‐Pb coordination, there is a strong hydrogen bond between F− and MA+/FA+ as well as an ionic bond between F− and Pb2+ for the perovskite/F‐BP interface, thus leading to fewer interfacial traps than perovskite/BP, which is responsible for the highest power conversion efficiency (22.06%) of F‐BP devices. More importantly, F‐BP devices exhibit significantly improved humidity and shelf‐life stabilities due to the excellent ambient stability of F‐BP, resulting from the antioxidation and antihydration behavior of fluorine adatoms. Overall, the findings provide a promising strategy to simultaneously enhance the photovoltaic performance and long‐term stability of BP‐based PSCs.
Controlled Vertically Aligned Structures in Polymer Composites: Natural Inspiration, Structural Processing, and Functional Application
Authors: Lei Chuxin , Xie Zilong , Wu Kai , Fu Qiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVertically aligned structures, which are a series of characteristic conformations with thickness‐direction alignment, interconnection, or assembly of filler in polymeric composite materials that can provide remarkable structural performance and advanced anisotropic functions, have attracted considerable attention in recent years. The past two decades have witnessed extensive development with regard to universal fabrication methods, subtle control of morphological features, improvement of functional properties, and superior applications of vertically aligned structures in various fields. However, a systematic review remains to be attempted. The various configurations of vertical structures inspired from biological samples in nature, such as vertically aligned structures with honeycomb, reed, annual ring, radial, and lamellar configurations are summarized here. Additionally, relevant processing methods, which include the transformation of oriented direction, external‐field inducement, template method, and 3D printing method, are discussed in detail. The diverse applications in mechanical, thermal, electric, dielectric, electromagnetic, water treatment, and energy fields are also highlighted by providing representative examples. Finally, future opportunities and prospects are listed to identify current issues and potential research directions. It is expected that perspectives on the vertically aligned structures presented here will contribute to the research on advanced multifunctional composites.
High‐Conductive Protonated Layered Oxides from H2O Vapor‐Annealed Brownmillerites
Authors: Hu Songbai , Zhu Yuanmin , Han Wenqiao , Li Xiaowen , Ji Yanjiang , Ye Mao , Jin Cai , Liu Qi , Hu Sixia , Wang Jiaou , Wang Junling , He Jiaqing , Cazorla Claudio , Chen Lang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProtonated 3d transition‐metal oxides often display low electronic conduction, which hampers their application in electric, magnetic, thermoelectric, and catalytic fields. Electronic conduction can be enhanced by co‐inserting oxygen acceptors simultaneously. However, the currently used redox approaches hinder protons and oxygen ions co‐insertion due to the selective switching issues. Here, a thermal hydration strategy for systematically exploring the synthesis of conductive protonated oxides from 3d transition‐metal oxides is introduced. This strategy is illustrated by synthesizing a novel layered‐oxide SrCoO3H from the brownmillerite SrCoO2.5. Compared to the insulating SrCoO2.5, SrCoO3H exhibits an unprecedented high electronic conductivity above room temperature, water uptake at 250 °C, and a thermoelectric power factor of up to 1.2 mW K−2 m−1 at 300 K. These findings open up opportunities for creating high‐conductive protonated layered oxides by protons and oxygen ions co‐doping.
Light‐Rewritable Logic Devices Based on Van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Li Songyu , Chen Xiaoqing , Zhang Zeyu , Li Xuhong , Deng Wenjie , Liu Famin , Lu Yue , Zhang Yongzhe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract2D‐layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted tremendous interest as candidate material for next‐generation nanoelectronics because of their atomically layered lattices. However, their charge modulation based on chemical doping is commonly inefficient owing to the ultrathin crystal structures, which therefore limits their applications in electronic devices. Here, a photoinduced electrostatic modulation of WSe2 field‐effect transistor with charge‐trapping layers of hexagonal‐BN (h‐BN)/SiO2 is achieved for both n‐ and p‐type polarities, which demonstrates a large on/off ratio exceeding 106. This electrostatic modulation of WSe2 performs a reversible and high carrier regulation from an electron density of 3 × 1012 cm−2 to a hole density of 1.5 × 1012 cm−2. Through this facile and powerful approach, a p–n homojunction rectifier and a complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor inverter are successfully prepared and perform the functions of AC–DC conversion and cascadable logic NOT. Consequently, these results provide a huge potential for wide applications of TMDC‐based logic electronics.
Germline Variants in DNA Damage Repair Genes: An Emerging Role in the Era of Precision Medicine in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shoucair Sami , Baker Andrew R. , Yu Jun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPancreatic adenocarcinoma is a lethal disease that is projected to become the second most common cause of cancer deaths by 2030. The role of adjuvant therapy after surgical resection has been established by several clinical trials to prolong survival and improve outcomes. Multiagent chemotherapy seems to be the most promising approach to counteract early recurrence and improve survival; however, in the era of precision medicine, patient selection and individualized therapy seems to hold the key to desirable superior outcomes. Several cancer susceptibility genes have been proven to be associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer, both familial and sporadic cases. The role of genomic profiling for germline variants has been extensive and of limited clinical value, considering their low prevalence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, an accumulating body of evidence from several studies in the past decade have successfully shown a recognizable value of germline variants in risk assessment and patient stratification. Recently, anti‐PD‐1 therapy (pembrolizumab) has been FDA‐approved for use in solid malignancies with a Mismatch repair deficiency or high Microsatellite instability. Several trials have evaluated the role of poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in patients harboring germlineBRCA1/2mutations. Finally, germline variants in DNA damage response genes and particularly deleterious ones have the potential to guide therapy after surgical resection and serve as biomarkers to predict survival. The dire need to address challenges for applying precision medicine in real‐life clinical settings for PDAC patients lies in further characterizing the genetic and molecular processes through translational research.
Pulmonary function is associated with cognitive decline and structural brain differences
Authors: Wang Jiao , Song Ruixue , Dove Abigail , Qi Xiuying , Ma Jun , Laukka Erika J. , Bennett David A. , Xu Weili 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe association of poor pulmonary function (PF) with cognitive trajectories and structural brain differences remains unclear. Within the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 1377 dementia‐free subjects were followed up to 21 years. PF was assessed with a composite score measured at baseline. Global and domain‐specific cognitive function was assessed annually constructed from 19 cognitive tests. A subsample of 351 participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the cross‐sectional association between PF and structural brain volumes. We found that low PF was related to faster decline in global cognition, and domain‐specific function including episodic memory, semantic memory, working memory, visuospatial ability, and perceptual speed. In addition, low PF was associated with smaller volumes of total brain, white matter and gray matter, and larger white matter hyperintensities volume. Our results suggest that low PF is associated with faster cognitive decline, and both neurodegeneration and vascular brain lesions may underlie the association.