bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PP2A activation in vivo is sufficient to disrupt interactions among vascular Akt‐Hsp90‐eNOS (1013.16)
Authors: Panneerseelan Leenalitha , Ruan Ting , Li You You , Wan Xin , Kunz David , Walker Matthew , Nhan Jennifer , Ravindran Anindita , Babu P. V. A. , Zhang Quan , Abel E. Dale , Symons J. David 
Published: June 2021

We have shown in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) treated with palmitate (P) and in arteries from obese mice that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) associates directly with eNOS. When PP2A co‐localizes with eNOS, interactions among Akt‐Hsp90‐eNOS are disrupted, p‐eNOS/eNOS is decreased, and NO bioavailability is impaired. We hypothesized that PP2A activation is sufficient to disrupt interactions among Akt‐Hsp90‐eNOS in arteries from fat‐fed mice. To test efficacy of the in vivo PP2A inhibitor Lixte Biotechnology 1 (LB1, Setauket, NY), BAECs were treated (3h) ± 500 uM P ± 4 uM LB1. P‐induced increases (p<0.05) in PP2A activity, and reductions (p<0.05) in p‐eNOS/eNOS and NO production (ELISA and EPR), were prevented by LB1. To determine the safety / efficacy of LB1, mice were treated (1 mg/kg/day IP) ± LB1 for 21 days. PP2A activity was reduced (p<0.05) and p‐PP2A Y307 to PP2A was elevated (p<0.05) in arteries from LB1 vs. vehicle‐treated mice after 3 and 21 days. To confirm the importance of PP2A vs. other phosphatases, BAECs incubated ± PP1 (3 uM tautomycin), PP2B (100 nM cyclosporine), or PP2A (4 uM LB1) inhibition. P‐induced reductions (p<0.05) in p‐eNOS/eNOS were prevented only by LB1. Finally, 7‐week old, male C57B16 mice consumed standard (CON, n=20) or high‐fat (HF, n=20) chow for 12‐weeks. Subgroups (n=10) of CON and HF mice received IP injections of saline (vehicle; V) or LB1 for the last 14‐days. HF mice gained weight and developed peripheral glucose intolerance vs. CON mice regardless of LB1 treatment. p‐eNOS/eNOS was impaired (53±6%; p<0.05) in vascular homogenates from HF‐V vs. all groups. After eNOS immunoprecipitation (IP), the association between: (i) PP2A:eNOS increased 95±11%, and the co‐localization between (ii) Akt:eNOS decreased 53±8%, and (iii) Hsp90:eNOS decreased 56±12%, in HF‐V vs. CON mice (all p<0.05). These findings suggest that PP2A activation is sufficient to disrupt interactions among Akt‐Hsp90‐eNOS in arteries from fat‐fed mice.Grant Funding Source: ADA 7‐08‐RA‐164, ADA1‐12‐BS‐208, 2R15HL091493
An empirical study on accountability for promoting healthy food environments in England through the Public Health Responsibility Deal Food Network (1014.2)
Authors: Kraak Vivica , Swinburn Boyd , Lawrence Mark , Harrison Paul 
Published: June 2021

Objective: In 2011, the United Kingdom launched five Public Health Responsibility Deal Networks inspired by ‘nudge theory’ to facilitate healthy‐lifestyle behaviors. This study used Q methodology to examine stakeholders’ views about responsibility and accountability for healthy food environments to reduce obesity and diet‐related chronic diseases.Design: A purposive sample of policy elites (n=31) from government, academia, food industry and civil society sorted 48 statements grounded in three theoretical perspectives (i.e., legitimacy, nudge and public health law). Factor analysis identified intra‐individual statement sorting differences.Results: A three‐factor solution explained 64 percent of the variance across three distinct viewpoints: food environment protectors (n=17) underscored government responsibility to address unhealthy food environments; partnership pioneers (n=12) recognized government‐industry partnerships as legitimate; and the commercial market defenders (n=1) emphasized individual responsibility for food choices and rejected any government intervention.Conclusions: Building trust and strengthening accountability structures may help stakeholders navigate differences to engage in constructive actions. This research may inform efforts in other countries where voluntary industry partnerships are pursued to address unhealthy food environments.Grant Funding Source: World Health Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention, Deakin University, Australia
Analysis of hospital feeding practices at Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi Vietnam (1015.7)
Authors: Young Lorraine , Huong Pham , Lam Nguyen , Thu Nghiem , Van Ha , Lien Dinh , Hoc Tran , Anh Nguyen , Henry Elizabeth , Lenders Carine , Gura Kathy , Apovian Caroline , Ziegler Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Background: Limited data on nutrition support practices in the hospital setting are available in the country of Vietnam.Methods: From October 2011‐December 2011, a collaboration between investigators from the U.S. and the Vietnamese National Institute of Nutrition enrolled 72 subjects admitted for elective GI surgery for this observational study at Bach Mai Hospital, a major Hanoi teaching hospital. Baseline height, weight, BMI, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), body weight status, and daily kcal and protein/amino acid intake from oral diet, tube feeding, and IV feedings from admission until discharge were recorded.Results: Mean age of subjects was 56±15 years and length of stay 12±5 days. 50% of subjects scored a B or C (moderate to severe malnutrition) on the SGA. BMI range was 13‐28; 48% had a BMI < 18.5. MUAC was low normal (24±4 cm). All subjects lost weight during admission. Almost all patients (98%) were fed using parenteral nutrition (PN) postoperatively with oral feeding starting on postoperative day 4. Tube feedings were used in only one patient. Mean daily total calorie intake was 15 kcal/kg/day and protein intake was 0.61g/kg/day. Minimal or no micronutrient supplementation was given to most patients.Conclusions: Study findings support the development of a nutrition intervention with feeding protocols to increase postoperative energy and micronutrient intake.
Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding cessation in a peer counseling breastfeeding support program for low‐income women (1016.4)
Authors: Rozga Mary , Benton Pat , Kerver Jean , Olson Beth 
Published: June 2021

Breastfeeding peer counseling programs have demonstrated efficacy in improving exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates, but the impact of specific program protocols on this outcome is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To describe associations between individual and combinations of program components and EBF cessation in a peer counseling breastfeeding support program.METHODS: Data was collected for 5,886 low‐income women prenatally enrolled in Michigan’s Breastfeeding Initiative Program from 2005‐2011. Cox proportional hazards models and chi‐square analyses were used to determine the impact of program components on EBF cessation. “Optimal” quantities of contacts were based on program guidelines.RESULTS: Each home, phone and other contact had a similar impact on risk of EBF cessation at three months postpartum (HR (95% CI): 0.92 (0.89, 0.94); 0.90 (0.88, 0.91); and 0.94 (0.91, 0.98) respectively). Women who received a more in‐person and less phone contacts than were considered optimum had the lowest risk of EBF cessation (HR (95% CI): 0.3 (0.2, 0.3)).CONCLUSIONS: The current study demonstrated the importance of in‐person contacts between participants and trained peer counselors compared to phone contacts and further demonstrates that the combination of in‐person and phone contacts may have an appreciable impact on EBF cessation.
The association between dietary intakes and food environment factors (1019.4)
Authors: Paik Hee‐Young , Lee Sangeun , Jung Hyunju , Song Yoon‐Ju 
Published: June 2021

Food environments (FE) have become important factors to evaluate dietary intake at the levels of individual and household as well as community. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between dietary intakes and FE surrounding an individual and his/her family. The study was designed as a cross‐sectional household study. We recruited 66 households in a mixed region of urban and rural areas. We collected data related with FE including food stores from a family member in charge of food purchases per household. Two days 24hr recall dietary data were collected by trained interviewers from total of 215 family members. Total and distribution of energy from three macronutrients, and percentages of recommended daily servings consumed for each of the six food groups; 1) grain, 2) meat·fish·eggs·beans, 3) vegetables, 4) fruits, 5) milk & dairy products, and 6) oils & sugars were calculated. GLM and Spearman’s correlation were performed to estimate the effect of food environment factors on dietary intakes. People who spent more eating‐out expenses showed higher intakes of energy from fat. The percentage energy from macronutrients and the intake of meat·fish·eggs·beans were different by food store used primarily. The consumption of vegetables was significantly different according to FE factors; living area, type of generation, owning a car, education level, and household income. Home food insecurity was inversely related with the intakes of total energy and meat·fish·eggs·beans group. Evidence from our study suggested that the effect of FE factors on dietary intakes should be measured by multi‐level approaches.Grant Funding Source: Supported by National Academy of Agricultural Science, Republic of Korea (project No.PJ008244)
The use of technology in eating disorder treatment programs (1020.4)
Authors: Popelka Jessie , Quick Virginia , Murray Pamela , Olfert Melissa 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the usage, usefulness, effectiveness and convenience of technologies utilized by health care professionals in their eating disorder (ED) treatment programs. This study intensively recruited health care professionals currently working with ED patients to complete a brief online survey with questions on technology usage, usefulness, effectiveness, and convenience in ED treatment programs. Participants (N=54) represented various disciplines (e.g., 40% RD, 35% school counselors, 10% MD), and mostly worked in private practice (38%) or a college setting (33%). The technologies reportedly used were email (62%), text messaging (36%), smartphone apps (34%), CD‐ROM /DVD (18%), internet‐based programs (16%), and virtual reality (7%). Compared to all technologies reported, email was found to be the most useful and effective to use in ED treatment programs. Additionally, both email and text messaging were reported as the most convenient technologies to use in ED treatment programs. Findings suggest health care professionals are using various technologies in their ED treatment programs and are finding them to be useful, effective, and convenient.Grant Funding Source: WVU Experimental Station Hatch Funding
Barriers to physical activity experienced by low‐income mothers of young children: a pilot study (1021.1)
Authors: Desai Het 
Published: June 2021

Barriers to Physical Activity Experienced by Low‐Income Mothers of Young Children: A Pilot Study Het Desai, Debra Palmer‐Keenan: Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ.It has been reported that mothers of young children engage in less physical activity than those without dependent children. This issue is likely exaggerated in low‐income communities, due to the increased impact of physical activity barriers. This pilot study sought to examine barriers that mothers, aged 18‐44 with children aged 15 or less, report as well as to identify specific activity barriers, they report affect them to a greater degree than they affect their counterparts without dependent children. The mothers (N=59) were predominantly Black (61%), Hispanic (12%) or White (25%) and approximately 70% had no post‐secondary education. More than 50% of the mothers reported that six out of seven child‐related barriers mothers have previously reported kept them from exercising sometimes, nearly always, or always. These barriers and the percent of mothers who reported their effect to this degree were: needing to pay attention to their child(ren) (75.0%); not having anyone to watch their child(ren) (51.2%); not trusting others to watch their child(ren) (71.2%); interruptions like the phone ringing or the baby crying (63.5%); their child(ren) hanging on them (57.7%); and believing that they get enough exercise caring for their child(ren) (57.7%). In comparison with a demographically similar cohort of women without dependent children, i.e., under high‐school age, four other barriers impacted mothers significantly more. These were: not liking to do it (F=4.45; p<0.05); not motivated to do it (F=11.4; p<0.01); not having time (F=9.33; p<0.01); and (more specifically) chores leaving too little time (F=6.98; p<0.01). Clearly low‐income mothers are a particularly challenged group of individuals who would benefit from targeted assistance and education to achieve adequate levels of activity.
Diet quality among women participating in the Pregnancy, Exercise, and Nutrition Feasibility Study (1021.8)
Authors: Graziano Cassandra , Hansen Joyanna , McLain Maggie , Horgan Angela , Moe Esther , Goldberg Linn , Stadler Diane 
Published: June 2021

Background: A nutrient‐rich diet during pregnancy is critical to optimize gestation and birth outcomes. The PEN program, a team‐based, peer‐led, 20‐session curriculum was used to promote healthy dietary choices and activity during pregnancy to reduce gestational diabetes risk.Methods: The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and the Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy (DQI‐P) were used to assess diet quality of 14 control (CG) and 12 intervention (IG) participants based on food intake measured by the Automated Self‐Administered‐24 Hour Dietary Recall. Mean changes in HEI and DQI‐P scores from baseline (BL) to the 2nd and 3rd trimesters (T) were calculated and differences within and between groups were determined using t‐tests.Results: Although no significant differences or changes in mean total HEI or DQI‐P scores were observed between groups at BL, T2, or T3, added sugar consumption was 47.9% lower in the IG (8.7 ± 8.2 tsp‐equivalent) than the CG (16.7 ± 10.6 tsp‐equivalent) at T3 (P=0.045). Mean DQI‐P fruit score, was higher in the IG, but not significantly, at T2 (6.1 ± 3.7, P=0.16) and T3 (6.3 ± 3.0, P=0.08) than BL (4.9 ± 3.3).Conclusions: These preliminary analyses provide information on variation and effect size of diet quality indices to support a large‐scale, adequately powered, hypothesis‐driven effectiveness trial of the PEN program.

Diet Quality Indices
BL
BL ‐ T2 Change
BL ‐ T3 Change

HEI(max 100)
CG
64 ± 16
‐0.7 ± 26
‐0.5 ± 18

IG
60 ± 11
4.3 ± 18
0.8 ± 9

DQI‐P(max 80)
CG
56 ± 10
1.0 ± 13
‐1.7 ± 13

IG
52 ± 7
6.9 ± 9
4.1 ± 12

Mean ± SD
Development of mercury database for commonly consumed food among Koreans and assessment of mercury exposure from diet among the Korean population (1023.2)
Authors: Kim Seong‐Ah , Lee Jung Won , Jang MiJin , Lee EunJi , Joung Hyojee 
Published: June 2021

This study was aimed to develop mercury database for commonly consumed food by Koreans and assess dietary exposure to mercury among the Korean population linking mercury database with the dietary survey data from Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (KNHANES).Target foods for mercury database were selected from KNHANES dietary survey data based on 2007‐2009. The mercury contents of foods were collected through the literature review. The developed mercury database covered 50.7% of all kind of foods and 95.1% of food intake as reported by 2007‐2009 KNHANES. The estimated average daily intake of mercury of Korean people was 3.3μg, 0.057µg/kg․bw/day (10% of Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI)), 0.54% of subjects had mercury intake more than PTWI, and 92% of subjects consumed less than 25% of PTWI. Among food groups, fishes and shellfishes was the most dominant source of dietary mercury exposure whose contribution rate was 73.4%. The more people eat fishes and shellfishes, the more mercury exposures per body weight are.The developed mercury database can be used to estimate the dietary exposure to mercury of Korean people, and the method for developing mercury database would help researcher to develop database of other hazardous substances exposed to food.
Overweight and obesity of children in Guam (1024.3)
Authors: Paulino Yvette , Leon Guerrero Rachael , Rosario Jesse 
Published: June 2021

In response to the U.S. federal mandate (P.L. 108‐265) the Government of Guam passed P.L. 28‐87, which established The Healthy Wellness Policy within the Guam Department of Education. The local law allowed for the uniformed collection of BMI from school children in Guam. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity of children (Head Start to 12th grade) enrolled in the Guam Department of Education in 2010‐2011. Trained school health counselors collected height and weight measures of students from all public school districts on Guam. The SAS Program for the CDC Growth Charts was used to calculate BMI percentiles for each child. A total of 25,501 children (12,309 boys; 12,147 girls) were measured. The overall prevalence of overweight (Confidence Interval) was 15.5% (15.0‐15.9); 16.2% (15.6‐16.9) in males and 14.8% (14.2‐15.4) in females. The overall prevalence of obesity was 23% (22.5‐23.5); 19.6% (18.9‐20.3) in males and 26.2% (25.4‐26.9) in females. This is the first official report of the overweight and obesity status of the public school children in Guam. Continued collection and surveillance of child overweight and obesity in the Guam Department of Education is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of activities pursuant to the Healthy Wellness Policy, and to inform future plans to address childhood obesity in Guam.Grant Funding Source: Supported by Guam DOE Federal Programs & Student Support Services Divisions; University of Guam CES
Effect of tree nuts on glycemic control in diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled dietary trials (1025.16)
Authors: Viguiliouk Effie , Kendall Cyril , Mejia Sonia , Cozma Adrian , Ha Vanessa , Mirrahimi Arash , Jayalath Viranda , Augustin Livia , Chiavaroli Laura , Leiter Lawrence , de Souza Russell , Jenkins David , Sievenpiper John 
Published: June 2021

Background: Tree nut consumption is associated with reduced diabetes risk, however, results from randomized trials on glycemic control have been inconsistent.Aim: We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials to assess the effect of tree nuts on glycemic control in individuals with diabetes.Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases through 14 May 2013 for relevant randomized trials 蠅3‐weeks reporting HbA1c, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and/or HOMA‐IR. Two independent reviewers extracted relevant data. Data were pooled using the generic inverse variance method and expressed as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran’s Q and quantified by I2.Results: 10 trials (n=374) met the eligibility criteria. Diets emphasizing tree nuts significantly lowered HbA1c (MD=‐0.11 %, 95% CI:‐0.18, ‐0.04 %; P=0.001) and fasting glucose (MD=‐0.20 mmol/L, 95% CI:‐0.38, ‐0.03 mmol/L; P=0.02) compared with isocaloric control diets. No significant treatment effects were observed for fasting insulin and HOMA‐IR.Limitations: Majority of trials were of poor quality and short duration.Conclusion: Pooled analyses show diets high in tree nuts improve glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Longer, higher quality trials are needed. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01630980Grant Funding Source: International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research & Education Foundation
Dietary and caloric restriction and age‐related spinal osteoarthritis: a longitudinal study of primates (1025.7)
Authors: Bailey Jeannie , Duncan Andrea , Colman Ricki , Mattison Julie , Kramer Patricia 
Published: June 2021

Dietary and/or caloric restriction have been shown to decrease the rate of senescence and increase maximum life span in several species, but how it impacts age‐related degenerative processes, such as osteoarthritis, is unclear. Like humans, Rhesus macaques develop spontaneous osteoarthritis with age and have been studied under dietary/caloric restriction protocols for almost two decades. We hypothesized that restricted macaques would develop less spinal osteoarthritis with age than monkeys fed a normal diet.We assessed osteoarthritis in the thoracolumbar spine of macaques from dietary/caloric restriction studies at the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center and the National Institute on Aging. We assessed osteophytosis (OST) and disc space narrowing (DSN) from annual radiographs of 68 macaques from the WNPRC (males, n=41 (20 restricted); females, n=27 (13 restricted)) and 104 macaques from NIA (males, n=52 (26 restricted); females, n=52 (22 restricted)) studies. A positive association between age and both OST (p<0.001) and DSN (p<0.001) was found in macaques from both sites, but no difference was found between normally fed and restricted animals (WNPRC: OST p=0.222, DSN p=0.574; NIA: OST p=0.238, DSN p=0.386) when adjusted for sex and body mass.Dietary/caloric restriction does not affect spinal osteoarthritis, which perhaps implicates loading as a contributor to the etiology of osteoarthritis.
Factors related to improvement and decline in high and low nutritional risk community‐dwelling Canadian older men: The Manitoba Follow‐up Study (MFUS) (1026.8)
Authors: Lengyel Christina , Harms Elisabeth , Tate Robert 
Published: June 2021

Nutritional risk screening is used to identify older adults who may be at increased risk for poor nutritional intake or impaired status. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine if nutritional risk can change over time in community‐dwelling Canadian older men; 2) examine the components of SCREEN II (Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition) that improve among men at high nutritional risk; and 3) examine the components of SCREEN II that decline among men at low nutritional risk. In 2007, 690 MFUS (www.mfus.ca) members were mailed the SCREEN II survey (80% completion rate; mean age = 86.7 years). The survey has been sent annually with up to 5 surveys received from each 2007 respondent, enabling a longitudinal assessment of change in factors among high and low nutritional risk men. Across one year transition periods, 19% of men at high nutritional risk improved their status, 20% of men at low nutritional risk declined, while 61% had no change. Decreased appetite and dietary intake (milk products, meat &amp; alternatives, fluid, fruits and vegetables) were the most common changes for men at low nutritional risk showing decline compared to intentional weight change in men at high risk showing improvement. As factors related to improvement and decline of nutritional risk for community‐dwelling older men are different, targeted screening, follow‐up and strategic interventions are critical.Grant Funding Source: Supported by CIHR, MHRC, Dr. Paul H.T Thorlakson Foundation & University of Manitoba Centre on Aging