bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of Brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis isolates with toxicity against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Fernandes Geysla Costa , Costa Dalton Kaynnan Prado , Oliveira Nayanne Santos , Sousa Emanuelle Cristine Pereira , Machado Déborah Heloísa Bittencourt , Polanczyk Antônio Ricardo , Siqueira Herbert Álvaro Abreu , Silva Maria Cleoneide 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates native to Maranhão (BtMA) that are highly toxic to Aedes aegypti larvae and seven standard subspecies of Bt were analyzed for genetic diversity using the rep-PRC technique with BOX, ERIC, REP, MB1, and GTG 5 markers. The rep-PCR technique is considered an extremely reliable, reproducible, fast and highly discriminatory technique that may be used even among populations of the same species. These five markers revealed a total of 38 polymorphic DNA fragments for 30 BtMA isolates. Eight groups were obtained with the dendrogram generated through Pearson's correlation analysis, with four groups formed only with BtMA isolates and four comprised of isolates of BtMA and the standard subspecies toxic to dipterans and lepidopterans. Despite the high genetic diversity of BtMA, a low correlation between the collection site, gene content and mortality against A. aegypti larvae was evidenced. The clustering of the standard subspecies of Bt that were toxic against dipterans with BtMA isolates confirm the mosquitocidal action of the native isolates from Maranhão, and they can be used as an alternative for A. aegypti control and other insects of medical importance and for the control of agricultural pests.
Earth’s Global Mean Energy Flow System as the Solution of Four Radiative Transfer Constraint Equations
Authors: Zagoni Miklos 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Schwarzschild’s equation in two-stream approximation provides a constraint on the net radiation at the lower boundary, as unequivocally connects it to fluxes at the upper boundary (top-of-atmosphere): surface net radiation, balanced by the non-radiative fluxes in radiative-convective equilibrium, is equal to half of the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), independent of the optical depth. This paper controls this equation on satellite observations and proved to be valid within -2.19 W/m2 for clear-sky, in the annual global mean. The all-sky version of the relationship can easily be constructed, separating atmospheric radiation transfer from the longwave cloud radiative effect (LWCRE); it is valid with a difference of 2.76 W/m2 on the same data set. The equation provides a total (greenhouse) relationship as well, where the surface energy income is given as a function of OLR and the optical depth. This equation is controlled at a particular optical depth of two, and found to be verified with a difference of -2.72 W/m2 for clear-sky in the global mean. An all-sky form is created by including LWCRE, justified within 2.42 W/m2 on the same data set. The four equations together have a mean bias of 0.07 W/m2. This set of equations, using evident definitions between the all-sky and clear-sky fluxes has a solution for the involved components of the global mean energy flow system. Implications on the global mean clear-sky and cloudy energy flow systems are assessed, and the all-sky energy budget is constructed as a weighted sum of the clear and cloudy fluxes.
Health Risk Evaluation for Fluoride and Nitrate and A Baseline Study of Uranium in Hard Rock Aquifers of Northern Karnataka, India
Authors: Govindaraj Venkatesan , Chinnandi Arul Murugan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Water is essential for life to exist on this planet.The increasing demand for clean water on one hand and the decreasing availability and deteriorating quality on the other hand has serious concern in India. Consumption of contaminated water can cause health risks. This study tries to find the impact of contamination in groundwater due fluoride and nitrate and its health risk in the Raichur district of Karnataka. And in addition to this a baseline study on presence of uranium in groundwater has also been done using laser fluorimeter instrument. For this study various literature, secondary groundwater quality data, thematic maps were collected and analyzed based on the gathered information 54 wells were chosen and samples were collected and analysed to understand the physiochemical characteristics and analytical data were compared to irrigation suitability standards and BIS drinking water standards.In the health risk assessment, we have computed the values for total hazard index and hazard quotient based on the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guidelines.
Predicting the Impact of Placing an Overdose Prevention Site in Philadelphia: A Mathematical Modeling Approach
Authors: Wares Joanna R. , Dong Jing , Gevertz Jana L. , Radunskaya Ami , Viner Kendra , Wiebe Douglas , Solomon Sara 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Fatal overdoses from opioid use and substance disorders are increasing at an alarming rate. One proposed harm reduction strategy for reducing overdose fatalities is to place overdose prevention sites - commonly known as safe injection facilities - in proximity of locations with the highest rates of overdose. As urban centers in the United States are tackling legal hurdles and community skepticism around the introduction and location of these sites, it becomes increasingly important to present compelling evidence of impact and safety. Methods: We developed a mathematical model to describe the movement of opioid users to an overdose prevention site in order to understand the impact that the facility would have on overdoses, fatalities, and user education and recovery. The discrete-time, stochastic model is able to describe a range of user behaviors, including the effects from how far they need to travel to the site. We calibrated the model to overdose data from Philadelphia, and ran simulations to describe the effect of placing a site in the Kensington neighborhood.Results: In Philadelphia, which has a non-uniform racial population distribution, choice of site placement can determine which demographic groups are most helped. In our simulations, placement of the site in the Kensington neighborhood resulted in disproportionate benefits for white users. Simulations also predict that direct effects from overdose reversal in the overdose prevention site are small (about 6 fewer fatalities per year per 30 spots at the overdose prevention site without other effects). However, fatalities and nonfatal overdoses are predicted to decrease substantially when indirect effects from site safety and education of users are considered. Conclusions: Cities and locales can use mathematical modeling to help quantify the predicted impact of placing an opioid prevention site in a particular location. To fully understand the impact of site placement, it is recommended to include both direct and indirect effects in analysis. Introducing more than one site and distributing sites equally across neighborhoods with different racial and demographic characteristics would have the broadest public health impact.
Calibrating Antarctic ice sheet mass loss due to millennial-scale ocean thermal forcing
Authors: Piccione Gavin , Blackburn Terrence , Tulaczyk Slawek , Rasbury Troy , Hain Mathis , Ibarra Daniel , Methner Katharina , Tinglof Chloe , Cheney Brandon , Northrup Paul , Licht Kathy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Throughout the Late Pleistocene, millennial-scale cycles in the rate of poleward heat transport resulted in repeated heating and cooling of the Southern Ocean1. Ice sheet models2 suggest that this variation in Southern Ocean temperature can force fluctuations in the mass of the Antarctic ice sheet that transiently impact sea level by up to 15 meters. However, current geologic evidence for Antarctic ice response to this ocean thermal forcing is unable to calibrate these models, leaving large uncertainty in how Antarctica contributes to sea level on millennial timescales. Here we present a >100kyr archive of East Antarctic Ice Sheet response to Late Pleistocene millennial-scale climate cycles recorded by transitions from opal to calcite in subglacial precipitates. 234U-230Th dates for two precipitates define a time series for 32 mineralogic transitions that match Antarctic climate fluctuations, with precipitation of opal during cold periods and calcite during warm periods. Geochemical evidence indicates opal precipitation via cryoconcentration of silica in subglacial water and calcite precipitation from the admixture of meltwater flushed from the ice sheet interior. These freeze-flush cycles represent changes in subglacial hydrologic-connectivity driven by ice sheet thickness response to Southern Ocean temperature oscillations around the Ross Embayment. Changes in Ross Embayment ice mass require high ocean-ice heat exchange2, and would occur only after retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet3 and large portions of the East Antarctic Ice sheet margin4. These results point to high Antarctic ice sheet sensitivity to millennial-scale ocean thermal forcing throughout the Late Pleistocene, and when combined with modeling results2, predict that an Antarctic ice volume of at least 2–5 meters sea level equivalent is vulnerable to millennial-scale climate forcing.
ETV5 overexpression promotes progression of esophageal squamous carcinoma by upregulating SKA1 and TRPV2
Authors: Sun Mingchuang , Fang Kang , Li Zhaoxing , Chu Yuan , Xu Aiping , Zhao Ziying , Leng Zhuyun , Zhang Yunwei , Zhang Zehua , Zhang Li , Chen Tao , Xu Meidong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is notorious for the rapid progression especially early tumor metastasis due to the unclear mechanism. Recently, ETV5 attracts much attention for its potential role as an oncogenic transcription factor involved in multiple cancers. However, no one reported the mechanism behind the association between ETV5 expression and Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the role of ETV5 in ESCC.
Methods

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO database was used to explore ETV5 expression in ESCC. ECA109, KYSE150 and TE1 cell lines were used in the experiments. The Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8), migration, invasion, wound healing assays were exerted to evaluate proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells. RNA sequencing was performed to find downstream genes regulated by ETV5. Real-time PCR, Western blotting, Chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) and Dual luciferase reporter assays were used to assess the underlying mechanism. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the relationship between ETV5 expression, clinicopathological parameters and patient prognosis. Tumor metastasis was investigated in BALB/c nude mice.
Results

ETV5 was observed upregulated in ESCC both from online database and our ESCC tissues and ETV5 was associated with tumor staging. Knockdown of ETV5 or its downstream genes SKA1 and TRPV2 significantly suppress ESCC cells migration and invasion, respectively. Additionally, in vivo study showed knockdown of ETV5 inhibited tumor metastasis. Further experiments unveiled ETV5 could transcriptionally upregulate the expression of SKA1 and TRPV2 and further activate MMPs in ESCC progression.
Conclusion

ETV5 promoted metastasis of ESCC by activating MMPs through augmenting the transcription of SKA1 and TRPV2. ETV5 was likely to be a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in ESCC treatment.
In-situ self-dissolving and regenerating synthesis of superwetting cotton fabric with excellent oil/water emulsions separation performance
Authors: Yang Sudong , Chen Lin , Wang Shanshan , Liu Shuai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The textiles with superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity have shown excellent separation performance for emulsified oil in wastewater, but they still suffer from complicated construct of hierarchical architectures and hydrophilic surface. Herein, a hydrophilic hierarchical layer of cellulose is constructed on commercial cotton fabric surface via a proposed in-situ self-dissolving and regenerating strategy. The cellulose provides both hydrophilic surface and hierarchical structural foundation for the remodeled cotton fabric (RCF) without any further chemical modification. The obtained RCF has strong superhydrophilicity, underwater superoleophobicity, and anti-oil-adhesion property, which can be applicable for efficient oil-in-water emulsion separation with high separation efficiency and recyclable antifouling performance. The developed RCF assembly strategy provides an excellent membrane for the separation of oil-in-water emulsion, and a new prospect for the convenient and universal construct of other superwetting cellulose-based materials.
Health-related Quality of Life Profile of Indonesian Children and Its Determinants: a Community-based Study
Authors: Sitaresmi Mei Neni , Indraswari Braghmandita Widya , Rozanti Nisrina Maulida , Sabilatuttaqiyya Zena , Wahab Abdul 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Assessing health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its determinants in children may provide a comprehensive view of child health. The study aimed to assess the HRQOL in Indonesian children and its determinants.Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study in the Sleman District of Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia, from August to November 2019. We recruited children aged 2 to 18 years old using the Sleman Health and Demography Surveillance System sample frame. We used the validated Indonesian version of Pediatric Quality of life InventoryTM (Peds QLTM) 4.0 Generic core scale, proxy-reports, and self-reports, to assess the HRQOL. Results: We recruited 633 proxies and 531 children aged 2-18 years. The mean total score of self-report and proxy-report were 89.9+ 8.5 and 93.3+6.4. There was a fair to moderate correlation between self-reports and proxy reports, with interclass correlation ranging from 0.34 to 0.47, all p<0.001. Half of the children (49.4% from proxy-report and 50.1% from self-report) reported having acute illness during the last month. Based on proxy-reports, multivariate regression analysis demonstrated lower HRQOL for children with acute health problems, younger age, history of low birth weight, abnormal delivery, lower fathers' educational level, and government-paid insurance for low-income families.Conclusion: In addition to sociodemographic determinants of a child's HRQOL, children’s health condition influences HRQOL in the general pediatric population. In low- and middle-income countries where acute infections and low birth weight are still prevalent, its prevention and appropriate interventions should improve child health.
Narcissistic Self-Sorting and Enhanced Luminescence via Catenation in Water
Authors: Chen Qiong , Lei Ye , Wang Hongye , Wu Guangcheng , Xu Wenwen , Jiao Tianyu , Pan Yuanjiang , Zhang Qisheng , Zhang Ying-Ming , Liu Yu , Li Hao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Narcissistic self-sorting, namely that components are able to distinguish “self” from “nonself” during self-assembly, was accomplished via catenation by condensing multiple hydrazides and an aldehyde, or a hydrazide and multiple aldehydes in water. The underneath mechanism of this behavior relies on the corresponding homo [2]catenanes are thermodynamically more favored than their hetero counterparts, because the former containing two identical macrocyclic components are able to maximize the inter-component noncovalent forces. One of these catenanes contains four 4-phenylpyridinium units, which are often considered barely luminescent due to intramolecular rotations and vibrations that lead to nonradiative annihilation of their excited states. These intramolecular motions, however, are restricted upon integrating 4-phenylpyridiniums within the catenane architecture. As a consequence, compared to its non-interlocked counterparts, this catenane exhibits enhanced fluorescence, which represents a novel conceptual model for developing luminescent materials.
Urban-rural Disparities in the Healthy Aging Trajectory in China: a Population-based Study
Authors: Li Haomiao , Zeng Yixin , Zhang Chichen , Xu Dong(Roman) , Chen Jiangyun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:China has a large urban-rural disparity in terms of socioeconomic level, family structure, proportion of older people, etc. These factors may cause disparities in healthy aging status and trajectory. The aim of this study is to explore the differences and evaluate the equity in healthy aging trajectories between urban and rural areas in China.Method:A total of 9402 respondents aged 45 years and older interviewed in four waves were selected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A latent growth mixture model (LGMM) was applied to distinguish the trajectory of healthy aging. A multinomial logistics regression model (MLRM) was used to explore the relationship between urban-rural areas and healthy aging trajectories, and a concentration index was used to evaluate equity.Results:Urban-rural respondents differed in socioeconomic background, family characteristics, and personal lifestyle (P < 0.05). Three classes (“low risk”, “middle risk”, and “high risk”) were grouped through LGMM. The MLRM results showed that urban living was significantly associated with a healthy aging trajectory (for [middle risk/low risk]: β=-0.41, RRR =0.66, P < 0.001, 95% CI =0.55–0.80, and for [high risk/low risk]: β=-1.10, RRR =0.33, P < 0.001, 95% CI =0.26–0.41). The concentration index was -0.022 and significantly indicated the inequity of healthy aging between rural and urban areas.Conclusion:Combined health status showed an irreversible downward trend with age, and this trajectory differed between urban and rural areas, with the rural population more likely to develop a high risk trajectory. Policy inclination and resource investment should be enhanced to reduce inequity in healthy aging between urban and rural areas in China.
CircFNDC3B Regulates Osteoarthritis and Oxidative Stress by Targeting miR-525-5p/HO-1 axis
Authors: Fan Shunwu , Chen Zizheng , Huang Yizhen , Yang Yute , Zhu Jinjin , Xu Guang , Shen Shuying , Shi Peihua , Ma Yan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease associated with a variety of risk factors including aging, genetics, obesity, and mechanical disturbance. This study aimed to elucidate the function of a patient-derived Circular RNA (circRNA), circFNDC3B, in OA progression and its relationship with the NF-κB signaling pathway and oxidative stress. The circFNDC3B/miR-525-5p/HO-1 axis and its relationship with the NF-κB signaling pathway and oxidative stress were investigated and validated using fluorescence in situ hybridization, real-time PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis, luciferase reporter assays, pull-down assays, and reactive oxygen species analyses. The functions of circFNDC3B in OA was investigated in vitro and in vivo. These evaluations demonstrated that circFNDC3B promotes chondrocyte proliferation and protects the extracellular matrix (ECM) from degradation. We also revealed that circFNDC3B defends against oxidative stress in OA by regulating the circFNDC3B/miR-525-5p/HO-1 axis and the NF-κB signaling pathway. Further, we found that overexpression of circFNDC3B alleviated OA in a rabbit model. In summary, we identified a new circFNDC3B/miR-525-5p/HO-1 signaling pathway that may act to relieve OA by alleviating oxidative stress and regulating the NF-κB pathway, resulting in the protection of the ECM in human chondrocytes, highlighting it as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of OA.
Privacy Preserving Dynamic Data Release Against Synonymous Linkage Based on Micro Aggregation
Authors: Yan Yan , Herman Eyeleko , Mahmood Adnan , Li Jing , Dong Zhuoyue , Xu Fei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The rapid development of the mobile Internet coupled with the widespread use of intelligent terminals have intensifified the digitization of personal information and accelerated the evolution of the era of big data. The sharing and publishing of various big data brings convenience and also increases the risk of personal privacy leakage. In order to reduce users’ privacy leakage that may be caused by data release, many privacy preserving data publishing methods have been proposed by scientists in both academic and industry in the recent years. However, non-numerical sensitive information has natural semantic relevance,and therefore, synonymous linkages may still exist and cause serious privacy disclosures in privacy protection methods based on an anonymous model. To address this issue, this paper proposes a privacy preserving dynamic data publishing method based on micro aggregation. A series of indicators are accordingly designed to evaluate the synonymous linkages between the non-numerical sensitive values which in turn facilitate in improving the clustering effect of the micro-aggregation anonymous method. The dynamic update program is introduced into the proposed micro-aggregation method to realize the dynamic release and update of data. Experimental analysis suggests that the proposed method provides better privacy protection effect and availability of published data in contrast to the state-of-the-art methods.
Emodin Protects SH-SY5Y Cells Against Zinc-Induced Synaptic Impairment and Oxidative Stress Through ERK1/2 Pathway
Authors: Chen Qian , Lai Chencen , Chen Fa , Ding Yuanting , Zhou Yiyuan , Su Songbai , Ni Ruiqing , Tang Zhi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Zinc is an essential trace element important for the physiological function of the central nervous system. The abnormal accumulation of zinc inside neurons may induce mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress which contributes to many brain diseases. We hypothesized that natural anthraquinone derivative emodin can protect against neurotoxicity induced by pathological concentrations of zinc via Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway, and alleviate the oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction. Results: Human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y cells) was treated with zinc sulfate and different concentrations of emodin, and was examined in the changes in the levels of ERK1/2 expressions, oxidative stress (DCFH-DA staining), mitochondrial function (JC-1 staining), and lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxynonenal staining), and DNA oxidation (8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine staining). Emodin ameliorated zinc-induced altered expression level of phosphorylated-ERK1/2 (not total-ERK1/2), and synaptic proteins (presynaptic SNAP25, synaptophysin and postsynaptic PSD95) in SH-SY5Y cells, in a dose-dependent manor. Moreover, emodin inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen substrates, oxidative stress, facilitated the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in SH-SY5Y cells. Conclusion: Our results indicated that emodin exerts neuroprotective effects against zinc by normalizing synaptic impairment via decreasing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, reducing reactive oxygen substrates and protecting mitochondrial function.
Optimizing the conductivity, microstructure and mechanical properties of tape-cast LATP with LiF and SiO2 additives
Authors: Gross Jürgen Peter , Malzbender Jürgen , Dashjav Enkhtsetseg , Tietz Frank , Schwaiger Ruth 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
LATP sheets with LiF and SiO2 addition prepared by tape casting as electrolytes for solid-state batteries were characterized regarding conductivity, microstructure and mechanical properties aiming towards an optimized composition. The use of additives permitted a lowering of the sintering temperature. As general trend, higher LiF to SiO2 ratios led to lower porosities. This decrease in the porosity corresponds to an increase of the ionic conductivity as well as higher values of elastic modulus and hardness determined by indentation testing. Micro-pillar testing was used to assess the crack growth behavior, revealing weak grain boundaries.