bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning in Preoperative Prediction of Postoperative Immediate Remission of Histology-Positive Cushing’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Wentai , Sun Mengke , Fan Yanghua , Wang He , Feng Ming , Zhou Shaohua , Wang Renzhi 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThere are no established accurate models that use machine learning (ML) methods to preoperatively predict immediate remission after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) in patients diagnosed with histology-positive Cushing’s disease (CD).PurposeOur current study aims to devise and assess an ML-based model to preoperatively predict immediate remission after TSS in patients with CD.MethodsA total of 1,045 participants with CD who received TSS at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in a 20-year period (between February 2000 and September 2019) were enrolled in the present study. In total nine ML classifiers were applied to construct models for the preoperative prediction of immediate remission with preoperative factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the performance of the models. The performance of each ML-based model was evaluated in terms of AUC.ResultsThe overall immediate remission rate was 73.3% (766/1045). First operation (p&lt;0.001), cavernous sinus invasion on preoperative MRI(p&lt;0.001), tumour size (p&lt;0.001), preoperative ACTH (p=0.008), and disease duration (p=0.010) were significantly related to immediate remission on logistic univariate analysis. The AUCs of the models ranged between 0.664 and 0.743. The highest AUC, i.e., the best performance, was 0.743, which was achieved by stacking ensemble method with four factors: first operation, cavernous sinus invasion on preoperative MRI, tumour size and preoperative ACTH.ConclusionWe developed a readily available ML-based model for the preoperative prediction of immediate remission in patients with CD.
Evaluation of Combination Strategies for the A2AR Inhibitor AZD4635 Across Tumor Microenvironment Conditions via a Systems Pharmacology Model
Authors: Voronova Veronika , Peskov Kirill , Kosinsky Yuri , Helmlinger Gabriel , Chu Lulu , Borodovsky Alexandra , Woessner Richard , Sachsenmeier Kris , Shao Wenlin , Kumar Rakesh , Pouliot Gayle , Merchant Melinda , Kimko Holly , Mugundu Ganesh 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundAdenosine receptor type 2 (A2AR) inhibitor, AZD4635, has been shown to reduce immunosuppressive adenosine effects within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and to enhance the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors across various syngeneic models. This study aims at investigating anti-tumor activity of AZD4635 alone and in combination with an anti-PD-L1-specific antibody (anti-PD-L1 mAb) across various TME conditions and at identifying, via mathematical quantitative modeling, a therapeutic combination strategy to further improve treatment efficacy.MethodsThe model is represented by a set of ordinary differential equations capturing: 1) antigen-dependent T cell migration into the tumor, with subsequent proliferation and differentiation into effector T cells (Teff), leading to tumor cell lysis; 2) downregulation of processes mediated by A2AR or PD-L1, as well as other immunosuppressive mechanisms; 3) A2AR and PD-L1 inhibition by, respectively, AZD4635 and anti-PD-L1 mAb. Tumor size dynamics data from CT26, MC38, and MCA205 syngeneic mice treated with vehicle, anti-PD-L1 mAb, AZD4635, or their combination were used to inform model parameters. Between-animal and between-study variabilities (BAV, BSV) in treatment efficacy were quantified using a non-linear mixed-effects methodology.ResultsThe model reproduced individual and cohort trends in tumor size dynamics for all considered treatment regimens and experiments. BSV and BAV were explained by variability in T cell-to-immunosuppressive cell (ISC) ratio; BSV was additionally driven by differences in intratumoral adenosine content across the syngeneic models. Model sensitivity analysis and model-based preclinical study simulations revealed therapeutic options enabling a potential increase in AZD4635-driven efficacy; e.g., adoptive cell transfer or treatments affecting adenosine-independent immunosuppressive pathways.ConclusionsThe proposed integrative modeling framework quantitatively characterized the mechanistic activity of AZD4635 and its potential added efficacy in therapy combinations, across various immune conditions prevailing in the TME. Such a model may enable further investigations, via simulations, of mechanisms of tumor resistance to treatment and of AZD4635 combination optimization strategies.
Repurposing Treatment of Wernicke–Korsakoff Syndrome for Th-17 Cell Immune Storm Syndrome and Neurological Symptoms in COVID-19: Thiamine Efficacy and Safety, In-Vitro Evidence and Pharmacokinetic Profile
Authors: Vatsalya Vatsalya , Li Fengyuan , Frimodig Jane , Gala Khushboo S. , Srivastava Shweta , Kong Maiying , Ramchandani Vijay A. , Feng Wenke , Zhang Xiang , McClain Craig J. 
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus disease identified in 2019 (COVID-19) can be complicated by the Th17 cell-mediated IL-17 proinflammatory response. We tested if thiamine can effectively lower the Th17 response in a clinical study [Proinflammatory state in alcohol use disorder patients termed as disease controls (DC)] and corroborated the results using anin vitrostudy. We developed an effective dose range and model for key pharmacokinetic measures with the potential of targeting the cytokine storm and neurological symptoms of COVID-19. Three-week 200 mg dose of thiamine was administered to sixteen DC patients. Eight healthy volunteers (HV) were also included in this investigation. A subsequentin vitrostudy was performed to validate the effectiveness of thiamine [100 mg/day equivalent (0.01 μg/ml)] treatment in lowering the Th17 proinflammatory response in a mouse macrophage cell line (RAW264.7) treated with ethanol. Based on recent publications, we compared the results of the IL-17 response from our clinical andin vitrostudy to those found in other proinflammatory disease conditions (metabolic conditions, septic shock, viral infections and COVID-19) and effective and safe dose ranges of thiamine. We developed a pharmacokinetic profile for thiamine dose range as a novel intervention strategy in COVID-19. DC group showed significantly elevated proinflammatory cytokines compared to HV. Thiamine-treated DC patients showed significant lowering in IL-17 and increase in the IL-22 levels. In humans, a range of 79–474 mg daily of thiamine was estimated to be effective and safe as an intervention for the COVID-19 cytokine storm. A literature review showed that several neurological symptoms of COVID-19 (∼45.5% of the severe cases) occur in other viral infections and neuroinflammatory states that may also respond to thiamine treatment. Thiamine, a very safe drug even at very high doses, could be repurposed for treating the Th17 mediated IL-17 immune storm, and the subsequent neurological symptoms observed in COVID-19. Further studies using thiamine as an intervention/prevention strategy in COVID-19 patients could identify its precise anti-inflammatory role.
Portrait morphologique du lexique économique en langue espagnole au début du XIXe siècle : équilibre entre nouveauté et tradition
Authors: de Hoyos José Carlos 
Published: March 2021

Cet article étudie la morphologie de la langue espagnole au début du XIXe siècle dans le domaine de l’économie. Le corpus étudié est la nomenclature (Épitomé) annexée au Traité d’économie politique (éditions de 1814 et de 1819) de l’économiste français Jean-Baptiste Say, traduit en espagnol par Manuel María Gutiérrez (1816) et Juan Sánchez Rivera (1821).
La circulation des emprunts néologiques dans le domaine de la mode en tchèque et en français dans une perspective diachronique
Authors: Mudrochová Radka , Lazar Jan 
Published: March 2021

L’objectif de cette communication est de comparer un échantillon d’emprunts néologiques du domaine de la mode en français et en tchèque. L’idée de la conception comparative évoquée dans le titre de l’article puise dans le projet international intitulé « EmpNéo » (Emprunts Néologiques), projet visant à confronter et à examiner la diffusion des emprunts néologiques dans diverses langues. Dans cette étude, nous analyserons les termes récents de la mode vestimentaire apparus respectivement dans les deux langues. Le corpus est fondé sur nos propres connaissances et expériences quotidiennes du thème et sur un lexique repéré dans la presse écrite. Cette restriction méthodologique – ne travailler que sur un corpus issu des périodiques – correspond à l’esprit du projet en question. L’objectif principal est de décrire la présence des lexèmes choisis dans les deux langues et de comparer leur existence dans les différents types de documents, leur diffusion, ainsi que leur nature et leur place dans les deux langues étudiées.
Principes et fonctions de la métaphore en langue de spécialité dans un cadre cognitiviste
Authors: Jamet Denis , Terry Adeline 
Published: March 2021

Cet article présente la vision cognitiviste de la métaphore et de ses utilisations, notamment en langue de spécialité. Il ne s’agit nullement d’une étude de corpus, fondée sur un nombre important de discours de spécialité spécifiques, mais plutôt d’une introduction aux différents courants et principes structurant la théorie de la métaphore conceptuelle. La première partie expose les principes fondateurs de la linguistique cognitive et la vision qu’elle propose de la métaphore : le processus métaphorique n’est pas seulement linguistique, mais découle de la cognition humaine qui a – entre autres – pour caractéristique d’établir des analogies entre des domaines conceptuels assez, voire totalement différents. Après une brève description des principales fonctions dévolues à la métaphore, la seconde partie de l’article aborde la question de la métaphore appliquée aux langues de spécialité. Ces fonctions seront plus particulièrement détaillées et illustrées par le biais d’énoncés métaphoriques empruntés au domaine de spécialité de la crise économique en anglais, en allemand et en français.
What Makes Metaphors Manipulative Tools?
Authors: Jamet Denis , Terry Adeline 
Published: March 2021

Manipulation implies a conscious choice from speakers to trigger a change of opinion in the interlocutors and to make them accept their own point of view, i.e. their own vision of the world. As pointed out by Goatly [2007], Charteris-Black [2005, 2014] or Van Dijk [1998], metaphors can be used as manipulative tools. Metaphors have traditionally been considered as figures of speech used by rhetoricians to convince crowds; cognitivists have demonstrated that they are figures of thought as well, which partly accounts for their manipulative potential. The three underlying reasons to this are, among others, the highlighting-hiding process, the existence of asymmetrical metaphors, and the multivalency of metaphors. The manipulative potential of metaphors is examined in twelve speeches from pro-life supporters, ranging from 2006 to 2019. One of the main ideological debates going on in the US has been on abortion, as the pro-life movement has grown stronger in recent years and has been threatening the right to abortion guaranteed by Roe v. Wade. The study of the metaphors in those speeches has enabled us to highlight how pro-lifers manipulate people regarding the apprehension of reality by systematically using a limited number of conceptualizations.
Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia Berdasarkan Pedoman EYD Pada Media Sosial Facebook
Authors: Hendrawan Ari Yunus , Riang Hati Waruwu  
Published: March 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gangguan yang muncul akibat hadirnya bahasa alay terhadap komunikasi di jejaring sosial, khususnya media Facebook. Data dikumpulkan dengan menginventarisasi penggunaan bahasa alay di media Facebook. Kemudian data yang telah dikumpulkan akan diklasifikasikan menurut gangguan semantik yang terjadi terhadap unsur unsur komunikasi. Metode penelitiaan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualtitatif. Penulis akan mendeskripsikan dengan cara kualitatif satu persatu data yang diperoleh dengan cara mendeskripsikan gangguan-gangguan semantik terhadap unsur-unsur komunikasi tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yaitu seiring majunya perkembangan zaman, semakin banyak pula pilihan cara berkomunikasi. Perkembangan teknologi yang begitu cepat menyebabkan para pelaku komunikasi selalu berupaya mencari cara berkomunikasi dengan cepat, murah, dan praktis.Bahasa alay menjadi sebuah variasi bahasa yang marak di kalangan remaja. Diarik kesimpulannya yaiu dalam media sosial facebook ini semakin berkembangnya zaman akan semakin banyak orang-orang yang menggunakannya apalagi dizaman yang maju setiap orang sudah memerlukan handphone untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya termasuk untuk mencari hiburan agar dapat membantu merefreskan otak disaat orang lelah. Pemakaain huruf kapital, pemakaian tanda titik, dan pemakaian tanda koma.Banyaknya kata alay yang digunakan banyak berdampak pada anak-anak yang belum mengerti dan akhirnya anak tersebut mengikuti apa yang dilihat dan didengar, dan itu bisa menjadi dampak buruk bagi anak-anak dan orang yang belum mengerti.
Efektivitas Penerapan Guided Imagery terhadap Penurunan Rasa Nyeri Pasien Gastritis
Authors: Sumariadi Sumariadi , Simamora Dewi , Nasution Loni Yanasari , Hidayat Rahmad , Sunarti Sunarti 
Published: March 2021

Gastritis merupakan peradangan pada dinding mukosa lambung dengan tanda dan gejala nyeri. Gastritis atau sering disebut penyakit maag adalah penyakit yang sangat mengganggu aktifitas sehari-hari jika tidak ditangani akan bersifat fatal. Biasanya penyakit gastritis dapat terjadi pada orang-orang yang mempunyai pola makan yang tidak teratur dan sering memakan makanan yang memproduksi asam lambung. Asam lambung yang meningkat akan menyebabkan nyeri pada ulu hati yang dapat ditangani dengan manajemen nyeri, salah satunya adalah guide imagery. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh guide imagery terhadap penurunan rasa nyeri pada pasien gastritis. Desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan survey analitik yang melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien gastritis yang di rawat inap di RSU Royal Prima Medan . Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 85 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Pasien akan dilakukan pemeriksaan skala nyeri dengan menggunakan tools numeric sebelum dan sesudah tindakan guide imagery. Analisa data menggunakan paired t test di dapat p-value 0,000. Kesimpulan: Guided imagery berpengaruh terhadap penurunan rasa nyeri pada pasien gastritis.
engaño de la piel: la transmutación alquímica del sujeto transexual en "La piel que habito"
Authors: Delgado-Poust Antonia L. 
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo considera el proceso creativo y transformativo por el que pasa el protagonista transexual de La piel que habito (2011) y lo equipara al proceso antiguo de la alquimia, pues ambos tienen como objetivo el perfeccionamiento, la imitación y la adulteración, o falsificación, de la naturaleza. El propósito principal del ensayo, aparte de delinear los elementos alquímicos presentes en el filme, es explorar la (con)fusión de ciertos binarios, como lo auténtico y lo artificial, lo masculino y lo femenino y el Yo y el Otro. Se plantea que, como en la alquimia, Almodóvar presenta a la figura del transexual –o del hermafrodita– como el ser perfecto, o la Piedra Filosofal, ya que encarna tanto lo femenino como lo masculino en un solo cuerpo. Además, a semejanza del oro alquímico y de las obras de arte, se propone que el protagonista, Vicente/Vera, representa una copia más perfecta de su referente original, lo cual subraya su nebulosa autenticidad existencial. Al final de este estudio, se establece un vínculo entre la transformación física y ontológica de Vicente/Vera y la mise-en-scène que este realiza para poder sobrevivir. Se concluye que el carácter transformativo e ilusorio de lo teatral concuerda con el aspecto experimental y artificioso de la alquimia.
Candidate Auroral Observations Indicating a Major Solar–Terrestrial Storm in 1680: Implication for Space Weather Events during the Maunder Minimum
Authors: Hayakawa Hisashi , Schlegel Kristian , Besser Bruno P. , Ebihara Yusuke 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Maunder Minimum (MM; 1645–1715) is currently considered the only grand minimum within telescopic sunspot observations since 1610. During this epoch, the Sun was extremely quiet and unusually free from sunspots. However, despite a reduced frequency, candidate aurorae were reported in the mid-European sector during this period and have been associated with occurrences of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), although some of them have been identified as misinterpretations. Here, we have analyzed reports of candidate aurorae on 1680 June 1 with simultaneous observations in central Europe, and compared their descriptions with visual accounts of early modern aurorae. Contemporary sunspot drawings on 1680 May 22, 24, and 27 have shown a sunspot. This sunspot may have been a source of ICMEs, which caused the reported candidate aurorae. On the other hand, its intensity estimate shows that the geomagnetic storm during this candidate aurora was probably within the capability of the storms derived from the corotating interaction region (CIR). Therefore, we accommodate both ICMEs and CIRs as its possible origin. This interpretation is probably applicable to a number of candidate aurorae in the oft-cited Hungarian catalog, on the basis of the reconstructed margin of their equatorward auroral boundary. Moreover, this catalog itself has clarified that the considerable candidates during the MM were probably misinterpretations. Therefore, the frequency of the auroral visibility in Hungary was probably lower than previously considered and agrees more with the generally slow solar wind in the existing reconstructions, whereas sporadic occurrences of sunspots and coronal holes still caused occasional geomagnetic storms.
Illuminating the Dark Side of Cosmic Star Formation Two Billion Years after the Big Bang
Authors: Talia Margherita , Cimatti Andrea , Giulietti Marika , Zamorani Gianni , Bethermin Matthieu , Faisst Andreas , Le Fèvre Olivier , Smolçić Vernesa 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
How and when did galaxies form and assemble their stars and stellar mass? The answer to these questions, so crucial to astrophysics and cosmology, requires the full reconstruction of the so-called cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD), i.e., the evolution of the average star formation rate per unit volume of the universe. While the SFRD has been reliably traced back to 10–11 billion years ago, its evolution is still poorly constrained at earlier cosmic epochs, and its estimate is mainly based on galaxies luminous in the ultraviolet and with low obscuration by dust. This limited knowledge is largely due to the lack of an unbiased census of all types of star-forming galaxies in the early universe. We present a new approach to finding dust-obscured star-forming galaxies based on their emission at radio wavelengths coupled with the lack of optical counterparts. Here, we present a sample of 197 galaxies selected with this method. These systems were missed by previous surveys at optical and near-infrared wavelengths, and 22 of them are at very high redshift (i.e., z > 4.5). The contribution of these elusive systems to the SFRD is substantial and can be as high as 40% of the previously known SFRD based on UV-luminous galaxies. The mere existence of such heavily obscured galaxies in the first two billion years after the Big Bang opens new avenues to investigate the early phases of galaxy formation and evolution, and to understand the links between these systems and the massive galaxies that ceased their star formation at later cosmic times.
Reverberation Mapping of Changing-look Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 3516
Authors: Feng Hai-Cheng , Hu Chen , Li Sha-Sha , Liu H. T. , Bai J. M. , Xing Li-Feng , Wang Wei-Yang , Yang Zi-Xu , Xiao Ming , Lu Kai-Xing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The changes of broad emission lines should be a crucial issue in understanding the physical properties of changing-look active galactic nuclei (CL-AGNs). Here we present the results of an intensive and homogeneous 6 month long reverberation mapping (RM) monitoring campaign during a low-activity state of the CL-AGN Seyfert galaxy NGC 3516. Photometric and spectroscopic monitoring was carried out during 2018–2019 with the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope. The sampling is 2 days in most nights, and the average sampling is ∼3 days. The rest-frame time lags of Hα and Hβ are

and

days, respectively. From an rms Hβ line dispersion of σ
line = 1713.3 ± 46.7 km s−1 and a virial factor of f

σ
= 5.5, the central black hole mass of NGC 3516 is estimated to be

, which is in agreement with previous estimates. The velocity-resolved delays show that the time lags increase toward negative velocity for both Hα and Hβ. The velocity-resolved RM of Hα is done for the first time. These RM results are consistent with other observations before the spectral-type change, indicating a basically constant broad-line region structure during the CL process. The CL model of changes of accretion rate seems to be favored by long-term Hβ variability and RM observations of NGC 3516.
The FIP and Inverse-FIP Effects in Solar Flares
Authors: Laming J. Martin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The inverse first ionization potential (FIP) effect, the depletion in the coronal abundance of elements like Fe, Mg, and Si that are ionized in the solar chromosphere relative to those that are neutral, has been identified in several solar flares. We give a more detailed discussion of the mechanism of fractionation by the ponderomotive force associated with magnetohydrodynamic waves, paying special attention to the conditions in which inverse-FIP fractionation arises in order to better understand its relation to the usual FIP effect, i.e., the enhancement of the coronal abundance of Fe, Mg, Si, etc. The FIP effect is generated by parallel propagating Alfvén waves, with either photospheric, or more likely coronal, origins. The inverse-FIP effect arises as upward-propagating fast-mode waves with an origin in the photosphere or below refract back downwards in the chromosphere where the Alfvén speed is increasing with altitude. We give a more physically motivated picture of the FIP fractionation, based on the wave refraction around inhomogeneities in the solar atmosphere, and inspired by previous discussions of analogous phenomena in the optical trapping of particles by laser beams. We apply these insights to modeling the fractionation and find good agreement with the observations of Katsuda et al. and Dennis et al.