bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equitable colourings of Borel graphs
Authors: Bernshteyn Anton , Conley Clinton T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Hajnal and Szemerédi proved that if G is a finite graph with maximum degree

$\Delta $

, then for every integer

$k \geq \Delta +1$

, G has a proper colouring with k colours in which every two colour classes differ in size at most by

$1$

; such colourings are called equitable. We obtain an analogue of this result for infinite graphs in the Borel setting. Specifically, we show that if G is an aperiodic Borel graph of finite maximum degree

$\Delta $

, then for each

$k \geq \Delta + 1$

, G has a Borel proper k-colouring in which every two colour classes are related by an element of the Borel full semigroup of G. In particular, such colourings are equitable with respect to every G-invariant probability measure. We also establish a measurable version of a result of Kostochka and Nakprasit on equitable

$\Delta $

-colourings of graphs with small average degree. Namely, we prove that if

$\Delta \geq 3$

, G does not contain a clique on

$\Delta + 1$

vertices and

$\mu $

is an atomless G-invariant probability measure such that the average degree of G with respect to

$\mu $

is at most

$\Delta /5$

, then G has a

$\mu $

-equitable

$\Delta $

-colouring. As steps toward the proof of this result, we establish measurable and list-colouring extensions of a strengthening of Brooks’ theorem due to Kostochka and Nakprasit.
Public mental health: a psychiatry and public health perspective
Authors: Lyne J. , Connellan L. , Ceannt R. , O’Connor K. , Shelley E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMental health issues are fast becoming one of society’s greatest health challenges with evidence of higher levels of illness and strain on psychiatric services. The reasons for this trend of increasing mental health problems across the population are complex and there is an urgent need to research and deliver effective public mental health strategies. In this perspective piece we argue that psychiatrists and public health physicians have unique knowledge and perspectives on population mental health. The development of interdisciplinary initiatives and training posts would result in clinicians with expertise to drive forward public mental health strategies. Focused and sustained advocacy and collaboration are necessary for prioritisation of public mental health on policymakers’ agendas.
CONICS IN SEXTIC -SURFACES IN
Authors: DEGTYAREV ALEX 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe prove that the maximal number of conics in a smooth sextic
$K3$
-surface
$X\subset \mathbb {P}^4$
is 285, whereas the maximal number of real conics in a real sextic is 261. In both extremal configurations, all conics are irreducible.
Between the Czech Krkonoše and the German Riesengebirge: Nationalism and Tourism in the Giant Mountains, 1880s–1930s
Authors: Holubec Stanislav 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe article deals with Czech and German nationalist discourses and practices in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as they relate to tourism in the Krkonoše/Riesengebirge, the highest Central European mountain range between the Alps and Scandinavia. It will discuss the discourses developed in relation to mountain tourism and nationalism (metaphors of battlefields, wedges, walls, gates, and bastions), different symbolical cores of mountains, and practices of tourist and nationalist organizations (tourist trails and markings, excursions, the ownership of mountains huts, languages used, memorials, and the construction of roads). It will examine how these discourses and practices changed from the first Czech-German ethnic conflicts in the 1800s until the end of interwar Czechoslovakia. Finally, it will discuss the Czech culture of defeat in the shadow of the Munich Agreement, which meant the occupation of the Giant Mountains by Nazi Germany.
Food insecurity, low dietary diversity and poor mental health among Syrian refugee mothers living in vulnerable areas of Greater Beirut, Lebanon
Authors: Abou-Rizk Joana , Jeremias Theresa , Cocuz Georgiana , Nasreddine Lara , Jomaa Lamis , Hwalla Nahla , Frank Jan , Scherbaum Veronika 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSyrian refugees in Lebanon are facing vulnerabilities that are affecting their food insecurity (FI) levels. The objectives of this study were to measure dietary diversity, FI and mental health status of Syrian refugee mothers in Lebanon and to explore its associations with their anaemia and nutritional status. A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers with children under 5 years (n 433) in Greater Beirut, Lebanon. Dietary diversity was measured using the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) of reproductive age and FI using the global Food Insecurity Experience Scale at the individual level. Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were measured to assess the maternal mental health status. Data on socio-economic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and Hb concentrations were collected. Overall, 63·3 % of the mothers had a low dietary diversity (LDD) and 34·4 % were moderately to severely food insecure, with 12·5 % being severely food insecure. The prevalence of PTSD, moderate depression and severe depression was 13·2, 11·1 and 9·9 %, respectively. A significant correlation was found between LDD and FI (P < 0·001). Low income was significantly associated with LDD and FI. Poor mental health was significantly associated with FI. LDD and FI were not associated with anaemia and nutritional status of mothers. Low-income households had significantly higher intakes of grains and refined starchy staples, whereas high-income households consumed more nutritious foods and sweets. Evidence of inadequate diet quality, FI and poor mental health among Syrian refugee mothers in Lebanon is presented. Multifaceted actions are needed to reduce FI and improve dietary diversity.
Factors associated with reporting good maternal health-related knowledge among rural mothers of Yemen
Authors: Hyzam Dalia , Zou Mingyang , Boah Michael , Basaleem Huda , Liu Xiaoli , Wu Li-Jie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIncreasing women’s knowledge about maternal health is an important step towards empowering them and making them aware of their rights and health status, allowing them to seek appropriate health care. In Yemen, the ongoing conflict has hampered the delivery of health information to women in public health facilities. This study examined rural women’s knowledge of, and attitude towards, maternal and child health in Yemen and identified the factors associated with good maternal health knowledge. The study was conducted between August and November 2018. A sample of 400 women aged 15–49 years who had delivered in the 6 months prior to the survey were systematically selected from selected public health facilities in Abyan and Lahj. Women were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to gather data on their demographic and economic characteristics, obstetric history and responses to health knowledge and attitude questions. Women’s knowledge level was assessed as poor or good using the mean score as a cut-off. Chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to identify statistically significant factors associated with good maternal health knowledge. The percentage of women who had good knowledge was 44.8% (95% CI: 39.8–49.8). Women’s attitude towards maternal health was negative in the areas of early ANC attendance, managing dietary regime and weight during pregnancy, facility delivery, PNC visits, cord care and mother and child health management. Women with primary education, whose husbands had received no formal education, who had their first ANC visit from the second trimester of pregnancy and who had fewer than four ANC visits were more likely to have poor health knowledge. Conversely, those with higher household income and only one child were more likely to have good maternal health knowledge. Overall, women’s knowledge on maternal and child health care in rural areas of Yemen was low. Strategies are needed to increase rural women’s knowledge on maternal and child health in this conflict-affected setting.
Necrotising otitis externa – is a poor outcome predictable? The application of a diagnosis-based scoring system in patients with skull base osteomyelitis
Authors: Rojoa D M , Raheman F J , Saman Y , Mettias B , Das S , Rea P A 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe increased incidence of necrotising otitis externa over the last decade has had a significant burden on healthcare providers. Several factors may affect outcome, and stratifying risk may allow personalised treatment.MethodRetrospectively identified patients were prospectively surveyed over 12 months. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify predictors of poor prognosis.ResultsTwenty-six patients with necrotising otitis externa (average age of 80 years) were admitted from 2018 to 2019. At one year, 19 per cent mortality was observed. A high Charlson Comorbidity Index was associated with increased mortality (p = 0.03), prolonged in-patient stay (p = 0.047) and increased odds of adverse outcomes (odds ratio = 1.48, 95 per cent confidence interval = 0.26–2.67, p = 0.019). The Charlson Comorbidity Index in our prognostic model was validated using the receiver operating characteristic curve (area under the curve = 0.76). Charlson Comorbidity Index score of 5 or more independently predicted one-year morbidity and mortality (hazard ratio = 1.30, 95 per cent confidence interval = 0.94–1.79, p = 0.03).ConclusionRisk-stratifying patients may enable clinicians to holistically counsel patients and tailor their treatment to improve their prognosis and subsequently alleviate the burden of necrotising otitis externa.
The Semon Lectures and the foundation of modern ENT
Authors: Chapple C , Watkinson J 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundSir Felix Semon established the Semon Lecture series in 1913 to advance the specialty of laryngology. The annual lectures continue to the present day (there have been 95 to date).ObjectiveThis review illustrates how instrumental these lectures have been in shaping otolaryngology.MethodThe period 1913–1970 preceded subspecialisation, and so forms the background of laryngology (as well as rhinology and otology) as we know it today. This era forms the focus of the article.ResultsChanges came about by a standardisation of practices and research, and in the treatment of conditions. The initial period was crucial.ConclusionMany lectures highlight the specialty's growth. Now, another vital resource, a dedicated website (semonlectures.org), has made this information more accessible to the wider public.
The Ten Hours Movement and the Working-Class Family in Mid-Nineteenth Century Britain
Authors: Creighton Colin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Ten Hours Movement of the 1830s and 1840s in Britain was the first large-scale working-class struggle to challenge the impact of industrial capitalism upon working-class family life. Yet its discourse on family has been relatively neglected by historians of the movement. This article examines the nature of the movement's critique, the vision of family life that it tried to realize, and the challenge that this posed to the emerging bourgeois order and, on this basis, to reconsider its contribution to the gender ordering of working-class family life.
Working-Class Women, Gender, and Union Politics in Turkey, 1965–1980
Authors: Satı Büşra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on the ideology and discourses of Tekstil İṣçileri Sendikası (the Textile Workers’ Union, Tekstil) in Turkey to highlight some of the specific visions of the organized labor for an emancipatory gender politics during the 1970s. This history of intersection between gender and working-class organizing has been overlooked by the Left scholarship on the one hand and liberal feminist scholarship on the other. This paper addresses this gap in the literature by highlighting gender and class concurrently throughout the history of the transformation of gender politics in labor organizations. The history of the simultaneous development of gender-related policies in Tekstil/DİSK and TEKSİF/Türk-İṣ reveals an unexplored aspect of the contentious dynamic between rival labor organizations. Between 1975–1980, the politics of gender became another pillar in trade union competition. Following the transnational influences in this transformation, this paper highlights a forgotten period of labor organizing and locates it within the history of labor and women's movements at the national and global scale.
Internal and external factors contributing to variability in consonant accuracy of Arabic–French simultaneous bilingual children
Authors: MEZIANE Rabia Sabah , MACLEOD Andrea A.N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study aims to describe the relationships between child-internal and child-external factors and the consonant accuracy of bilingual children. More specifically, the study looks at internal factors: expressive and receptive vocabulary, and external factors: language exposure and language status, of a group of 4-year-old bilingual Arabic–French children. We measured the consonant accuracy of the children by the percentage of correct consonants in a Picture-Naming Task and a Non-Word Repetition Task in each language. The results suggest a significant relationship between vocabulary and consonant accuracy. A cross-language correlation was observed between the expressive vocabulary level of the majority language (French) and the consonant accuracy of the minority language (Arabic). Also, a significant correlation was found between Arabic language exposure and Arabic consonant accuracy. Finally, consonant accuracy was significantly higher in French tasks than in Arabic, despite the individual differences of the children.
CRIMES AS PUBLIC WRONGS
Authors: Kennedy Jeffrey 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTDespite the notion's prominence, scholarship has yet to offer a viable account of the view that crimes constitute public wrongs. Despite numerous attempts, some scholars are now doubting whether a viable account is forthcoming whereas others are reeling back expectations for what the concept itself can offer. This article vindicates crime's public character while asserting the relevance of political theory in doing so. After critiquing prior attempts and clarifying expectations, the article offers a novel account, relying on both key doctrinal features and a deliberative democratic framework through which to interpret their public significance. In doing so, it demonstrates how this framework explains the public nature of censure, and ultimately argues that crimes are public wrongs not because such actions themselves necessarily wrong or harm the public, but instead because they are the type of wrong that the public has a stake in addressing. This gives rise to an understanding of sentencing as public decision-making within which citizens and their representatives decide how best to use public power to manage public interests.
Association between consumption of fruits and vegetables with suicidal ideation
Authors: Hwang In Cheol , Choi Seulggie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjective:To investigate the association between fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake with suicidal ideation.Design:Cross-sectional study using a Korean Community Health Survey.Setting:F&V consumers were defined as individuals who had consumed fruits or vegetables more than once per day. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation including F&V consumption and to estimate the prevalence of having suicidal ideation after consideration of potential confounders.Participants:221 081 Korea adults (nationally representative).Results:Approximately 55 % of participants were F&V consumers. They were more likely to be young, be women, attain high educational levels, be married and be healthier physically and psychologically than the F&V non-consumers. Non-consumers had an increased risk for suicidal ideation than consumers even when potential confounders were considered, and this trend was more remarkable with vegetable intake.Conclusion:F&V intake is associated with low risk for suicidal ideation.
Response of Olfactory Sensory Neurons to Mercury Ions in Zebrafish: An Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Lazzari Maurizio , Bettini Simone , Milani Liliana , Maurizii Maria G. , Franceschini Valeria 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOlfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of fish belong to three main types: ciliated olfactory sensory neurons (cOSNs), microvillous olfactory sensory neurons (mOSNs), and crypt cells. Mercury is a toxic metal harmful for olfaction. We exposed the olfactory epithelium of zebrafish to three sublethal Hg2+ concentrations. Molecular markers specific for the different types of OSNs were immunohistochemically detected. Image analysis of treated sections enabled counting of marked cells and measurement of staining optical density indicative of the response of OSNs to Hg2+ exposure. The three types of OSNs reacted to mercury in a different way. Image analysis revealed that mOSNs are more susceptible to Hg2+ exposure than cOSNs and crypt cell density decreases. Moreover, while the ratio between sensory/nonsensory epithelium areas is unchanged, epithelium thickness drops, and dividing cells increase in the basal layer of the olfactory epithelium. Cell death but also reduction of apical processes and marker expression could account for changes in OSN immunostaining. Also, the differential results between dorsal and ventral halves of the olfactory rosette could derive from different water flows inside the olfactory chamber or different subpopulations in OSNs.
Early mortality following COVID-19 infection among cancer patients who received radiotherapy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Kamal Mona , Baudo Massimo , Shmushkevich Shon , Geng Yimin , Rahouma Mohamed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Identifying the patients at higher risk for poor outcomes after radiotherapy (RT) during coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) era is an unmet clinical need.

Methods:
The Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Clarivate Analytics Web of Science, PubMed and Wiley-Blackwell Cochrane Library databases were searched. Eligible studies were required to address the outcomes of cancer patients who underwent RT during the COVID-19 era. The primary outcome was early mortality, while secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, hospital admission, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and use of mechanical ventilation. Pooled event rates were calculated, and meta-regression and ‘leave-one-out’ sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results:
Twelve eligible studies were included out of 928. The prevalence of early mortality after COVID-19 infection was 21·0%. The prevalence of hospital admission, ICU admission and mechanical ventilation was 78·1, 15·4 and 20·0%, respectively. Meta-regression showed that older age was significantly and positively associated with early mortality (β = 0·0765 ± 0·0349, p = 0·0284), while breast cancer was negatively associated with early mortality (β = −1·2754 ± 0·6373, p = 0·0454).

Conclusions:
Older age adversely impacts the early mortality rate in cancer patients during COVID-19 era. The risks of interruption/delay of cancer treatment should be weighed against the risk of increased morbidity and mortality from the infection. A global registry is needed to establish international oncologic guidelines during the COVID-19 era.
Liability for robots II: an economic analysis
Authors: Guerra Alice , Parisi Francesco , Pi Daniel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis is the second of two companion papers that discuss accidents caused by robots. In the first paper (Guerraet al., 2021), we presented the novel problems posed by robot accidents, and assessed the related legal approaches and institutional opportunities. In this paper, we build on the previous analysis to consider a novel liability regime, which we refer to as ‘manufacturer residual liability’ rule. This makes operators and victims liable for accidents due to their negligence – hence, incentivizing them to act diligently; and makes manufacturers residually liable for non-negligent accidents – hence, incentivizing them to make optimal investments in R&D for robots' safety. In turn, this rule will bring down the price of safer robots, driving unsafe technology out of the market. Thanks to the percolation effect of residual liability, operators will also be incentivized to adopt optimal activity levels in robots' usage.
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns Conducive to Severe Haze in Eastern China Have Shifted Under Climate Change
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhou Yang , Li Ke , Wang Hailong , Ren Lili , Zeng Liangying , Li Huimin , Wang Pinya , Li Baojie , Liao Hong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRegional atmospheric circulation patterns affect haze pollution and they change in the warming climate. Here, the characteristics of atmospheric circulation anomalies conducive to extreme haze occurrence in China and their historical and future trends are examined based on surface observations, reanalysis data, aerosol source tagging technique, and multimodel intercomparison results. December 2016 and 2017 are identified as the worst months of haze pollution over northern and southern China, featuring weakened and strengthened prevailing winds, respectively. During 1980–2019, the atmospheric pattern similar to December 2016 decreased, while that similar to 2017 increased, suggesting that severe haze formation mechanism in eastern China has been shifting from causes of local accumulation to regional transport processes. In the future, climate change under the sustainable and intermediate development scenarios are the ideal paths to reduce haze in China, while high social vulnerability and radiative forcing would cause a severe damage to the environment.
Subduction Polarity Reversal Triggered by Oceanic Plateau Accretion: Implications for Induced Subduction Initiation
Authors: Sun Baolu , Kaus Boris J. P. , Yang Jianfeng , Lu Gang , Wang Xinxin , Wang Kun , Zhao Liang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSubduction polarity reversal, an induced subduction initiation (SI), may occur frequently in geological history as exemplified by the Solomon subduction zone. However, the mechanism and dynamics of polarity reversal remain poorly understood. Here, we use 2D thermomechanical numerical models to investigate the dynamics of subduction polarity reversal during oceanic plateau accretion. Model results show that larger and lighter oceanic plateaus favor subduction polarity reversal, which is manifested by the formation of the Solomon subduction zone after the large Ontong Java Plateau collided with the former Melanesian (Manus‐North Solomon‐Vitiaz) trench. We analyze the stress state during the transient SI process and find that rapid extension of the oceanic plateau is concomitant with subduction polarity reversal, thus questioning the use of extensional structures as geological criteria for spontaneous SI.