bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of a child malaria death during COVID-19 pandemic in a hamlet of Angul district, Odisha (India)
Authors: Das Nirupama 
Published: June 2021

Background: This study aimed to find out the cause of child death due to Plasmodium falciparum and associate co-morbidities in a hamlet of Garud village of central district of Odisha (India), Angul during the COVID-19 pandemic and to recommend necessary actions to prevent such unwanted death.Methods: A retrospective investigation was conducted bases on the death audit report of a female child belonging to Garud village of Angul district. Death was reported at the district headquarters hospital, Angul. Detailed history from the starting of first symptom till death with laboratory investigations were reviewed using the malaria death audit format of NVBDCP, Odisha. Along with in-depth interview with family members, mass screening using bivalent rapid test and slide test, treatment and malaria preventive measures were undertaken in the community.Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, one child death was recorded due to falciparum malaria infection. Along with the child, all two family members were infected with falciparum. The family belongs to small hamlet with eight households and 39 population. All 39 populations were screened for malaria and out of these, 11 number people were found positive of falciparum.Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic resulted the major societal disruption due to lockdown and shutdowns affecting routine health care which may be attributed to the death of a child even in a in a well-resource setting district of Odisha. In such pandemic situation much more attention need to be given on the traditional infectious diseases which may cause unnoticed death.
Dyslipidaemia among diabetes and hypertensive patients in a remote rural area of South India, in comparison with ICMR-InDiab study
Authors: Dorthy Vedanayagame , Malar Ilango , Anisha F. N. U. , Alexander Ann Sara , Newtonraj Ariarathinam , Girija Ganesan 
Published: June 2021

Background: The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence and determinants of dyslipidaemia among DM and HT group in a remote rural area of India and comparing with ICMR-InDiab study. Methods: We screened high risk individuals (hypertension and diabetes patients) for dyslipidemia covering ten villages surrounding a Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) located in South India, in August-September 2017. Participants were line listed from the electronic data base maintained in RHTC and were screened at their door step by visiting their house.Results: Mean values of all lipids among the high-risk population were increased significantly (p<0.01). Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was three times more, hypertriglyceridemia was 1.3 times higher, high LDL cholesterol was 3.3 times higher, high cholesterol HDL ratio was 1.5 times higher and isolated hypercholesterolemia was 3.6 times higher among the high-risk population. On the other hand, isolated hypertriglyceridemia has 30% less likely and isolated low HDL was 40% less likely among high risk populations in comparison to ICMR-InDiab study. Female gender [low HDL- aOR 2.1(1.1-4.2)], [high LDL- aOR 2.2(1.3-3.7)] and hypothyroidism [hypercholesterolemia- aOR 10.1(1.1-89)] were directly associated and; underweight [hypercholesterolemia- adjusted Odds ratio (aOR)- 0.4(0.2-0.9)], [hypertriglyceridemia 0.4(0.1-1.0)], and anaemia [hypertriglyceridemia aOR- 0.5(0.3-0.8)] were inversely associated with dyslipidemia.Conclusions: Dyslipedaemia was higher among the DM and HT participants in a remote rural area of South India.
Attitude towards online classes among school and college going students during lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kumar Saurav , Prakash Shiv , Srivastava Mona 
Published: June 2021

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the attitude of the school and college-going students towards online classes. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted on 228 school and college-going students fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria selected through purposive sampling methods. A semi-structured online questionnaire consisting of a socio-demographic questionnaire and Attitude towards online classes (ATOC) questionnaire was prepared by the researcher using Google form. The link of the questionnaire was sent to all the selected respondents through WhatsApp messages and emails. The data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 20 software. The reliability of the attitude questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha test. The association between categorical variables was assessed using Chi-square tests. The comparison between variables was assessed using the students independent t-test.Results: More than half of the respondents (51.32%) were found with a positive attitude towards online classes. There was a significant association found between attitude towards online classes and socio-demographic variables such as age (p<0.05), academic level (p<0.05), and family income (p<0.01). The respondents who attended online classes (p<0.05), have technical knowledge (p<0.01), and got supported by their parents in the study (p<0.05) were found significantly high positive attitudes towards online classes. There was a significant difference found in the attitude of the respondents who faced psychological disturbances such as a decline in attention-concentration (p<0.05), irritation-anger (p<0.01), and tension (p<0.05) due to online classes.Conclusions: Although, online classes are more beneficial for the students and teachers in their academic activities during the lockdown period due to the COVID-19 pandemic but it can’t take place of traditional face-to-face classes.
Clinico-epidemiological features and outcome of dengue cases admitted in a tertiary care centre in Northern Kerala
Authors: Thomas Renu , Anees Shamseeda , Kumaran Jayasree Anandbhavan 
Published: June 2021

Background: Dengue is now emerging as a public health problem of global concern. Though dengue is endemic in Kerala, occasional outbreaks of dengue has been reported from the state. It is therefore essential to study the epidemiological factors playing a role in the transmission of the disease, which is crucial to limit the surge in dengue cases. By describing the clinical profile and outcome, better patient management can be practiced thereby reducing complications and mortality.Methods: A record based descriptive study done in a tertiary care centre in North Kerala. A total of 327 clinically diagnosed dengue cases admitted in the tertiary care centre during June and July months were included in this study. Results: Out of the total 327 dengue cases included in the study, 101 (31%) had dengue fever, 220 (67%) had DHF and 6 (2%) had DSS. Majority 41.9% were in the age group 40-59 years of age. Majority 88.1% were from rural area. Rubber plantation (40.9%) was identified as the most common source of artificial collection of water.78.9% reported having similar dengue cases in the locality. Fever (87.1%), headache (55.3%), body ache (50.4%) were the common clinical presentation. 94.5% of cases with DHF were cured within 7 days. 33.3% of DSS cases required hospital admission for more than 7 days.Conclusions: The present study inferred that, breeding premises, within the same household and in the same locality are some of the factors playing a role in transmission of dengue. With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, active public health surveillance of dengue has to be enforced. Appropriate referral to higher centres reduce complications and mortality.
Prevalence of health morbidity and health seeking behavior among elderlies in rural Kerala
Authors: Srinivas Vani 
Published: June 2021

Background: Population ageing has profound social, economic and political implications for a country. The increasing number of older persons put a strain on health care and social care systems in the country. Old age comes with lot of ailment and diseases. Kerala’s elderly population proportion is higher than that of India. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and type of health morbidities among elderlies, in rural area. Methods: We conducted a community-based cross- sectional study in rural area of Palakkad district of Kerala from September to October 2017 among 396 randomly selected elderlies. The data was collected by 3rd year, MBBS students using pretested, semi structured questionnaire. The medical records were reviewed by students. Data were entered and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2016 version.Results: Out of 396 elderlies, the self-reported prevalence of health morbidities was 91.6%. Out of 361 elderlies with morbidities, 30% had atleast one morbidity and rest had multiple morbidities. The most common self-reported morbidities were hypertension (42.4%), loss of the natural teeth (40.2%), arthritis (38.1%), diabetes (34.8%), cataract (29.5%), asthma (9.1%), angina (8.3%), history of injury (7.3%) and history of recent surgeries (41.2%) in past. More than 90% of elderly diagnosed with lifestyle diseases were on treatment.Conclusions: The prevalence of non-communicable lifestyle related diseases and degenerative diseases is high among elderlies and is the major burden of disease. The elderlies had good treatment seeking behaviour towards non communicable diseases. However, needs improvement in treatment seeking behaviour of degenerative diseases.
Anganwadi centres in society
Authors: George Neethu , Selvaraju Mani Prabhu , Elavarasu Swathi , Ravichandran Tharun 
Published: June 2021

According to Mahatma Gandhi, “if you educate a man you educate an individual, but if you educate a woman you educate an entire nation.” India, in spite of having the world’s largest youth population, it has been struggling a lot with the lack of efficient implementation of various policies in the health care system. Since majority of India’s population is still residing in the villages, which have a greater say in the overall development of the nation but they are left untouched most of the times either due to improper implementation of the policies or hindrances in the process of development of health care system. Anganwadi’s are India's backbone in delivering the healthcare that everyone in country can access to it, by focussing on nutritional supplementation, women’s health and so on. This paper is an attempt to shine the light on the impact of the Anganwadi centres in improving the health status of people in the rural areas at grassroot level, focusing especially on women and children’s health and the association between the potential contribution of the Anganwadi workers and the child health indicators. Also, current pandemic influences on the centres were quoted.
Mucormycosis and COVID-19: a skeleton in the closet and double burden for India
Authors: Saeed Ahmad , Uzair Muhammad , Eiman Saadia , Younas Hadia , Saeed Komal 
Published: June 2021

Coronavirus chaos has enveloped India with highest daily death toll on 11th May with 4202 deaths and quite high positivity rates, over 21% countrywide. India is the second worst nation to suffer from pandemic having 20.80% share in global numbers. The Covid-19 recovered patients or those battling the virus with associated comorbidities and immunocompromised conditions are more vulnerable to develop the opportunistic black-fungal infections. A potentially fatal black-fungal infection is cropping up among Covid patients. Mucormycosis has claimed 70 lives with nearly 2000 diagnosed cases. Those with diabetes and heavy use of steroids to survive Covid-19 complications are worst affected.
Extensive erythema elevatum diutinum associated with IgA monoclonal gammopathy: a rare case report
Authors: Rijhwani Manish , Yadav Divya , Nijhawan Manisha , Verma Arvind 
Published: June 2021

<p class="abstract">Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare form of leukocytoclastic vasculitis with an unclear pathogenesis. Almost 250 cases of EED have been reported in the literature, associated with several diseases and presented with various clinical features. Term 'diutinum' means chronic, describes one of the main characteristic features. The duration is very long, varying between one to more than 39 years. We report a rare presentation of EED in a 58-years-old man who presented with extensive and symmetrical, persistent, erythematous to violaceous plaques over trunk and limbs and popular-nodular lesions present over pinna and dorsum of hands with burning sensation and itching over few lesions, in association with IgA monoclonal gammopathy.</p>
BANKA VEYA KREDİ KARTLARININ KÖTÜYE KULLANILMASI
Authors: ALTUĞ Şahin 
Published: June 2021

Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun 245. maddesi ile “banka veya kredi kartlarının
kötüye kullanılması”nın suç tipi olarak kabul edilmesi hukuk sistemimiz
açısından oldukça önemlidir Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun 245. maddesinde
birbirinden bağımsız üç farklı suç tipine yer verilmiştir. Bu suçlardan
birincisi olan gerçek bir banka veya kredi kartının kötüye kullanılması
suçu ilk fıkrada düzenlenmiş; banka veya kredi kartlarının sahte olarak
üretilmesi, satılması, satın alınması, devredilmesi veya kabul edilmesi
suçu maddenin ikinci fıkrasında hüküm altına alınmış; sahte oluşturulan
veya sahtecilik yapılan banka veya kredi kartı ile yarar sağlanması
suçu ise üçüncü fıkrada düzenlenmiştir. Şahsi cezasızlık sebepleri ve
etkin pişmanlık hükümleri yasal koşullar oluştuğunda yalnızca gerçek
bir banka veya kredi kartının kötüye kullanılması suçu açısından
uygulanabilir. Banka veya kredi kartlarının kötüye kullanılması suçu,
özgü suç olmadığı için herkes tarafından işlenebilir. Banka veya kredi
kartının hamili olan gerçek veya tüzel kişi de suçun mağdurudur. Bu
suçun konusu banka veya kredi kartlarıdır. Bu suçla korunan hukuki
değer karma bir nitelik taşımaktadır. Bu suç, kasten işlenebilir.
Implementation and Performance of MGNREGA in Jammu and Kashmir A Decadal Study
Authors: Bhat Fayaz Ahmad. , Hussain Shazia , Yasmin Effat 
Published: June 2021

Background: The MGNREGA was notified by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India in September, 2005. The Act provides legal guarantee of at least one hundred days of wage-employment to a rural household, whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work in a financial year. The Act encompasses all areas concerning registration, plan formulation, implementation, timely payment of wages, grievance redressal mechanism, right to information, rendering of accounts, periodical meetings for fulfilling statutory requirement of providing 100 days guaranteed employment to rural households who volunteer to do unskilled manual labour. Methods: The present research is based on the secondary sources of data and empirical analysis of the data is conducted by using some basic statistical tools like percentage and graphs analysis of various variables in the study.Result: Since the implementation of MGNREGA, the number of households issued job cards increased from 4.97 lakh in 2008-09 to 12.53 lakh in 2017-18, thus showing a significant increase. The number of households who demanded employment and the level of employment in the State has also shown an upward trend and the number of person days of employment generated has increased from 32.3 to 84.61 lakhs and the total person days of employment provided the share of SCs STs and others has also been increased from 1.7, 7.5 and 23.05 to 4.09, 17.27 and 63.25 lakhs respectively. Although the share of employment of SCs, STs and women in the total employment has shown an increasing trend through-out the reference period but there is a large number of SCs and STs who have not yet got registered under MGNREGA and the increase in women participation is still far below the 33% share as enshrined in the guidelines of the Act.
Impact of Changing Administrative Boundaries on Development of Uttar and Dakshin Dinajpur Districts, West Bengal
Authors: Sk Ismaile  , Namita Chakma  
Published: June 2021

Generally, new districts are formed to facilitate administrative expediency or ease of administrative connectivity in a much better way. Often it reduces the distance between the district headquarters and remote areas resulting in easy access to the district headquarters with investing less time and strain. Apparently, it becomes helpful to interact with the beneficiaries in implementing and monitoring the government schemes and programmes in the areas near the district headquarters and remote areas, which is essential for the overall development of a region. In the present study, a meso-level specific comparative analysis has been done at inter and intra district level on the basis of some selected socio-economic indicators (based on Census of India data sources) to understand the impact of reorganisation of the administrative boundaries on the development of Uttar and Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India.
Submitted: 31 October 2020; Revised:31 December 2020; Accepted: 8 April 2021
Language and Colour of Skin: A Frantz Fanonian Cultural Study
Authors: Sujoy  Barman  
Published: June 2021

This study is an extraction from the cultural theory of Frantz Fanon, who is regarded as the father of the theory of violence. In the Frantz Fanonian cultural study, discrimination is noticed on the basis of the colour of skin and the exercise of languages and literature, and these are the proposed areas and explained in this article. In the cultural study, for the indigenous background, the black people lead an absurd life in the white cultural society and as well as in the black cultural community in the presence of their white masters. The present study attempts to find out Fanon’s ideologies on the roles of languages, literature, and colour to explain the relation between black and white people and the cultural subjectivity and objectivity. It attempts to fill the gap of the neglected areas in the Frantz Fanonian study in the Manichean society. These neglected areas are the roles of language, literature, and skin colour for the cultural discrimination in the postcolonial cultural study. It also finds out the reasons behind abolishing the black culture at the presence of the white culture and recognising the issues for the black cultural revival after its abolishment in newly liberated countries.
Submitted: 26 January 2021; Revised: 28 February 2021; Accepted: 9 April 2021
PERCEPÇÃO DE DOCENTES E DISCENTES DE GESTÃO HOSPITALAR ACERCA DA IMPORTÂNCIA DO GESTOR NO ÂMBITO DA SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE
Authors: Medeiros Filho Rildécio , Mendes de Souza Ricardo , Filgueira Martins Rodrigues Cláudia Cristiane , Tuani Candido de Oliveira Salvador Pétala 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: identificar a percepção de docentes e discentes acerca da importância do gestor hospitalar no âmbito da segurança do paciente. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido no âmbito de universidade federal, com docentes e discentes do Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Gestão Hospitalar. Os dados foram coletados com os discentes a partir de entrevistas individuais ou via formulário eletrônico e com os docentes por entrevista individual. Foram analisados com apoio do software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: a amostra consistiu em 19 docentes, que citaram 17 módulos do curso que abordam segurança do paciente, enquanto os discentes somaram 12 participantes e citaram 5 módulos; ambos abordaram os motivos da importância do gestor, a importância na construção de protocolos, na promoção da cultura de segurança e na garantia da qualidade do serviço e a necessidade de o gestor conhecer a segurança do paciente. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que o gestor é essencial para a segurança do paciente, uma vez que é fundamental na construção de protocolos, na promoção da cultura de segurança e na garantia da qualidade do serviço.

Palavras-chave: Segurança do paciente. Gestor de saúde. Formação profissional.
Використання екстракорпоральної мембранної оксигенації при реваскуляризації міокарда у пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця на фоні кардіогенного шоку
Authors: Loskutov O.A. , Druzhyna O.M. , Kovtun G.I. , Khokhlov A.V. , Postupalsky O.M. , Marunyak S.R. , Loskutov D.O. , Todurov B.M. 
Published: June 2021

Актуальність. Використання екстракорпоральної мембранної оксигенації (ЕКМО) стало ефективною методикою в лікуванні дорослих і дітей із тяжкою серцевою і легеневою дисфункцією, резистентною до традиційної терапії. Метою даної роботи було узагальнення досвіду використання ЕКМО при кардіальній дисфункції, що розвивається у пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця при проведенні рентген-ендоваскулярної реваскуляризації міокарда. Матеріали та методи. У дослідженні проведено ретроспективний одноцентровий аналіз 23 пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця (19 чоловіків і 4 жінки, середній вік — 65,7 ± 12,3 року), яким в ДУ «Інститут серця МОЗ України» в період з березня 2014 по червень 2018 р. при проведенні черезшкірної транслюмінальної коронарної ангіопластики (ЧТКА) використовувалася методика ЕКМО. Результати. 13 (56,52 %) пацієнтів, яким проводили ЕКМО при ЧТКА, померли безпосередньо в стаціонарі або через 30 днів після виписки, серед них переважали особи чоловічої статі (92,30 %). Незалежними предикторами фатальних наслідків виступали цукровий діабет (ВШ = 17,58; 95% ДI = 6,47–47,48; р = 0,00125), хронічна ниркова недостатність (ВШ = 20,81; 95% ДI = 5,95–72,21; р = 0,00014), ішемія міокарда в басейні правої коронарної артерії (ВШ = 25,51; 95% ДI = 8,27–79,12; р = 0,00013). Процедура тромбоекстракції та феномен «no reflow» на 18,5 і на 13,1 % частіше реєструвались у пацієнтів, які померли. Перераховані вище обставини зумовили і менший процедуральний успіх у пацієнтів, що померли (TIMI потік після ЧТКА становив 1,50 ± 0,48), тоді як у тих, що вижили, TIMI становив 2,40 ± 0,37 (р = 0,00138). Підключення ЕКМО до виникнення кардіологічних подій достовірно частіше виявлялося в групі пацієнтів, які вижили (90 % випадків), порівняно з померлими (0 %) (р = 0,0000001). Висновки. Цукровий діабет, ниркова недостатність, ураження правої коронарної артерії є незалежними предикторами летальності при проведенні рентгенендоваскулярної реканалізації у пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця. Планове використання ЕКМО у пацієнтів групи високого ризику при черезшкірній реваскуляризації міокарда є позитивним прогностичним фактором виживання пацієнтів.