bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are visual working memory and episodic memory distinct processes? Insight from stroke patients by lesion-symptom mapping.
Authors: Lugtmeijer Selma , Geerligs Linda , Leeuw Frank Erik De , Haan Edward H. F. De , Kessels Roy P. C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Working memory and episodic memory are two different processes, although the nature of their interrelationship is debated. As these processes are predominantly studied in isolation, it is unclear whether they crucially rely on different neural substrates. To obtain more insight in this, eighty-one adults with sub-acute ischemic stroke and twenty-nine elderly controls were assessed on a visual working memory task, followed by a surprise subsequent memory test for the same stimuli. Multivariate, atlas- and track-based lesion-symptom mapping (LSM) analyses were performed to identify anatomical correlates of visual memory. Behavioral results gave moderate evidence for independence between discriminability in working memory and subsequent memory, and strong evidence for a correlation in response bias on the two tasks in stroke patients. LSM analyses suggested there might be independent regions associated with working memory and episodic memory. Lesions in the right arcuate fasciculus were more strongly associated with discriminability in working memory than in subsequent memory, while lesions in the frontal operculum in the right hemisphere were more strongly associated with criterion setting in subsequent memory. These findings support the view that some processes involved in working memory and episodic memory rely on separate mechanisms, while acknowledging that there might also be shared processes.
Progress and Challenges of Integrated Drug Efficacy Surveillance for Uncomplicated Malaria in Thailand
Authors: Sudathip Prayuth , Saejeng Aungkana , Khantikul Nardlada , Thongrad Thannikar , Kitchakarn Suravadee , Sugaram Rungniran , Lertpiriyasuwat Cheewanan , Areechokchai Darin , Gopinath Deyer , Sintasath David , Ringwald Pascal , Naowarat Sathapana , Pinyajeerapat Niparueradee , Bustos Maria Dorina , Shah Jui A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIntegrated drug efficacy surveillance (iDES) was formally introduced nationally across Thailand in fiscal year 2018 (FY2018), building on a history of drug efficacy monitoring and interventions. According to the National Malaria Elimination Strategy for Thailand 2017–2026, diagnosis is microscopically confirmed, treatment is prescribed, and patients are followed up four times to ensure cure.MethodsRoutine patient data were extracted from the malaria information system for FY2018–FY2020. Treatment failure of first-line therapy was defined as confirmed parasite reappearance within 42 days for Plasmodium falciparum and 28 days for Plasmodium vivax. The primary outcome was the crude drug efficacy rate, estimated using Kaplan–Meier methods, at day 42 for P. falciparum treated with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus primaquine, and day 28 for P. vivax treated with chloroquine plus primaquine; day 60 and day 90 efficacy were secondary outcomes for P. vivax.ResultsThe proportion of patients with outcomes recorded at day 42 for P. falciparum malaria and at day 28 for P. vivax malaria has been increasing, with FY2020 follow-up rates of 61.5% and 57.2%, respectively. For P. falciparum malaria, day 42 efficacy in FY2018 was 92.4% (n = 249), in FY2019 93.3% (n = 379), and in FY2020 98.0% (n = 167). P. falciparum recurrences occurred disproportionally in Sisaket Province, with day 42 efficacy rates of 75.9% in FY2018 (n = 59) and 49.4% in FY2019 (n = 49), leading to an update in first-line therapy to pyronaridine-artesunate at the provincial level, rolled out in FY2020. For P. vivax malaria, day 28 efficacy was 98.5% in FY2018 (n = 2,048), 99.1% in FY2019 (n = 2,206), and 99.9% in FY2020 (n = 2,448), and day 90 efficacy was 94.8%, 96.3%, and 97.1%, respectively.ConclusionsIn Thailand, iDES provided operationally relevant data on drug efficacy, enabling the rapid amendment of treatment guidelines to improve patient outcomes and reduce the potential for the spread of drug-resistant parasites. A strong case-based surveillance system, integration with other health system processes, supporting biomarker collection and molecular analyses, and cross-border collaboration may maximize the potential of iDES in countries moving towards elimination.
In Vitro and in Vivo Comparative Study of a Novel 68 Ga-Labeled PSMA-Targeted Inhibitor and 68 Ga -PSMA-11
Authors: Chen Huanyu , Cai Ping , Feng Yue , Sun Zhanliang , Wang Yinwen , Chen Yue , Liu Nan , Zhou Zhijun , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
68Ga-radiolabeled small molecules that specifically target prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been extensively investigated, and some of those tracers have been used in diagnosis of prostate cancer with 68Ga-positron emission tomography (68Ga-PET). Nevertheless, current 68Ga-labeled radiotracers show fair detection rates to metastasized prostate cancer lesions, especially to those with lower level of prostate specific antigen (PSA), which often occur in biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. The goal of this study was to design and synthesize a new PSMA-targeted radiotracer 68Ga-SC691 with high affinity to prostate cancer cells and excellent pharmacokinetics. To this end, structural optimum was made on the bifunctional group, target motif, and linker while high affinity targeting scaffold was remained. In order to explore its potential in clinical, a comparative study was further performed in vitro and in vivo between 68Ga-SC691 and 68Ga-PSMA-11, the clinically approved tracer for PSMA-positive prostate cancer. SC691 was radiolabeled to provide 68Ga-SC691 in 99% radiolabeling yield under mild conditions. High uptake and internalization ratio into LNCaP cells were observed in in vitro studies. In vivo studies showed that 68Ga-SC691 had a favorable biodistribution property and can specifically accumulate on PSMA-positive LNCaP xenografts visualized by micro-PET/CT. This radiotracer showed excellent PET imaging quality and comparable uptake at LNCaP xenografts if not higher than 68Ga-PSMA-11.
WITHDRAWN: What Impact Have SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Uttar Pradesh in India over the 3 months after nationwide Lockdown announcement in March 2020 -A brief analysis
Authors: Kumar Piyush 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The delivery of reproductive and child health services is of utmost importance and prime concern in India particularly populous states like Uttar Pradesh with limited resources, poor infrastructure and huge demand on healthcare system. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had presented a challenge even for developed healthcare systems around the world.
Ad-hoc e-learning measures during COVID-19 lockdown in Republic of Srpska HE institutions: student insights
Authors: Tanjga Mitja 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of ad-hoc transfer from classic classes to fully on-line during COVID-19 lockdown in spring 2020, on a student’s satisfaction with e-learning. It is significant for all stakeholders, especially policy makers in Republic of Srpska and Bosnia and Herzegovina to learn about importance of thorough planning and development of e-learning. Also e-learning ad-hoc classes have risen awareness about necessity for continued research on e-learning and its implications on higher education classes. COVID-19 lockdown drew attention of the whole world to the importance of e-learning as a powerful tool for academia. One-hundred and ninety-six students participated in online survey with 21 questions divided into 4 divisions. Results show that while majority of students (almost 93%) didn’t have feelings of studying for real and preferred face-to-face teaching as well as contact with their colleagues, participants (almost 85%) were partially or fully satisfied with e-learning classes during lockdown. Most of the participants had active high-speed Internet connection and used PC or laptop for e-learning classes. Significant number (38.8%) of students used mobile phone for e-learning classes which is fact important to be emphasized for future development purposes. If results are put in right perspective of transferring from face-to-face lectures to fully on line classes in a matter of days in lockdown they represent solid base for future e-learning development. E-learning will never replace classic education system especially in practical classes such as laboratory exercises or internships in the real sector, however, results indicate that this methods has a future place in HE education, if possible not as fully online classes but more as a blended system.
WITHDRAWN: What Impact Have SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of India over the 3 months after nationwide Lock down announcement in March 2020 -A brief analysis.
Authors: KUMAR PIYUSH 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The delivery of reproductive and child health services is of utmost importance and prime concern in India particularly because of huge population with limited resources, poor infrastructure and huge demand on healthcare system. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had presented a challenge even for developed healthcare systems around the world. Objectives: The main aim of this research is to find out Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme in India over the 3 months after Lockdown imposition countrywide in March 2020 due to Covid-19 pandemic. Settings & Design: Different indicators group of RCH programme 2020 (immunisation, maternal & child health, family planning) for India were collected from Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India and compared from previous year 2019 data for the period of three months(April/May/June) and presented in tables and graphs to understand the situation. Materials & Methodology: Secondary data from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India for 3 month of April, May, June 2019 & 2020 were taken for analysing and understanding the impact of pandemic on RCH programme over 3 months after nationwide lock down announced in march 2020 viz. April/May/June 2020. The data obtained is analysed by using Microsoft Office software. Result: The analysis of secondary data obtained from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare website (Provisional figure & mentioned free for distribution) for RCH programme of India shows that the lock down period & initial early phase of SARS-CoV-2 during above mentioned 3 months pandemic have a negative impact over the delivery of Reproductive & Child Health services reflected through important indicators of which are also affected negatively. Besides the pandemic the Nation is also having lack of resources, manpower poor infrastructure as well as lack of positive deviance at community level. These are the barriers in fact beside the epidemic. It seems that there is lack of proper plan to deal with such pandemic situation. Conclusion: India has taken various strategies to ensure delivery of RCH services but it seems to be insufficient to give the desired results. The barriers of healthcare system and delivery of services constraints should be rectified added with a proper dynamic plan to carry on usual RCH services even in pandemics and natural disasters. India needs to develop an exclusive plan to tackle such situations such as establishment of separate cadre of health worker for RCH services to ensure the healthcare of women and children’s in any natural disasters and calamities.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Butlerius butleri Goodey, 1929 (Nematoda: Diplogastridae) from South Africa: First report
Authors: Girgan Chantelle , Du Preez Gerhard , Fourie Hendrika , Rashidifard Milad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Two populations of a Butlerius species were recovered from compost in two gardens in Potchefstroom, North-West Province, South Africa. Although the genus has previously been reported from South Africa, no species of the genus has ever been identified in the country. Based on morphological, morphometric, and molecular studies, the specimens were identified as Butlerius butleri and are herein reported for the first time from South Africa. The South African specimens are 1,082 to 1,423 µm long, a = 40.8 to 47.6; b = 4.7 to 5.8; c = 4.0 to 6.0; c′ = 117 to 16.3; V = 44 to 47%. Cuticle with evenly spaced punctations. Reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic, both branches equal in length. Four large glands opening into proximal part of uterus. Males with prominent sphincter present in mid-region of vas deferens. Spicules 36 to 43 μm long, gubernaculum 23 to 31 µm long, nine pairs of genital papillae, three pre-cloacal and six post-cloacal, formula: v1, v2, v3d/v4, ad, ph, v5, 6, 7, pd. The v5, 6, 7 clusters greatly separated, left subventral group at level of phasmid, right subventral group at level of posterior dorsal papilla. Although there were some differences, the South African populations of the species compare well to all know descriptions of the species. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequences showed that both South African populations of B. butleri are in a maximally supported sister relation with an Iranian population of this species. Based on large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequences, the two populations of B. butleri clustered together in a well-supported clade.
Improved model for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of soils based on the Kozeny–Carman equation
Authors: Wang Mengting , Wang Jianjun , Xu Guangli , Zheng Yuhao , Kang Xuan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe saturated hydraulic conductivity of soils is a critical concept employed in basic calculation in the geotechnical engineering field. The Kozeny–Carman equation, as a well-known relationship between hydraulic conductivity and the properties of soils, is considered to apply to sands but not to clays. To solve this problem, a new formula was established based on Hagen–Poiseuille's law. To explain the influence on the seepage channel surface caused by the interaction of soil particles and partially viscous fluid, the surface area ratio was introduced. A modified framework for determining the hydraulic radius was also proposed. Next, the relationship between the effective void ratio and the total void ratio was established for deriving the correlation of hydraulic conductivity and total void ratio. The improved equation was validated using abundant experimental results from clays, silts, and sands. According to the results, the accuracies of the proposed model with two fitted multipliers for clays, silts, and sands are 94.6, 96.6, and 100%, respectively, but with only one fitted parameter, the accuracies are 97.1, 91.5, and 100%, respectively. The proposed model can be considered to have a satisfactory capability to predict hydraulic conductivity for a wide variety of soils, ranging from clays to sands.
A multivariate analysis of the spatial variations of water quality during high-flow period in the Chaobai River (Beijing, China) restored by reclaimed water
Authors: Zhao Rui , Bu Hongmei , Song Xianfang , Zhang Yinghua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Reclaimed water has demonstrated its broad applications in social construction to alleviate the contradiction of water shortage in Beijing, China. Using multivariate statistical analysis, the current study investigated the spatial variations of water quality in the Chaobai River restored by reclaimed water during the high-flow period. Hierarchical cluster analysis (CA) classified the 11 sampling sites into four clusters, namely most polluted, highly polluted, moderately polluted, and lowly polluted sections. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that pH, TDS, EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SO42−, NO3−-N, and TN had significant spatial differences among four clusters (p &lt; 0.05). Mean value of total nitrogen (TN) in the most polluted site exceeded the guideline (15 mg/L) of the Water Quality Standard for Scenic Environment Use, reaching 22.3 mg/L. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted three principal components (PCs) accounting for 81.5% of the total variance in the data set of water quality. The three PCs reflected the chemical characteristics of reclaimed water, mineral pollution, and nutrient pollution, respectively. With the ordination biplot of sampling sites defined by the first and second PCs, PCA provided a classification of sampling sites based on the similarity of pollution sources, which supported the results of CA. The results revealed that water quality of the Chaobai River restored by reclaimed water was affected by untreated domestic and agricultural sewage with nitrogen and minerals being the main pollutants along the river basin. This study showed rivers restored by reclaimed water had significant spatial variations of water quality, demonstrating effectiveness of multivariate statistical methods on water quality analysis.
Information support of the system for managing technical assets in railway transportation
Authors: Bublikova M. A. , Khokhlov I. P. 
Published: March 2021

Aim. JSC RZD is one of the largest and most advanced companies in Russia who actively deploys and uses best practices in asset and risk management. In 2010, the railway industry initiated the project for the management of resources, risks and dependability at lifecycle stages of railway facilities (URRAN) that is currently under way. The aims of this paper are to overview the asset management tasks covered by URRAN; examine the marketed IT tools designed to address such problems; present the progress of the URRAN project in terms of process automation implemented by JSC RZD in light of the international best practice and the specificity of the Company. Methods. The preparation of this paper involved empirical and theoretical research. The authors analysed the URRAN project’s package of guidelines and regulations, public information on the globally available software products enabling asset management, as well as the program documentation of the EKP URRAN automated system. They analysed the functionalities and and engineering solutions used in the development of this automated system. The results of the EKP URRAN deployment and practical application by units and branches of JSC RZD were evaluated. Results. Asset management involves using Enterprise Asset Management Systems (EAMS) specially designed to suit the needs of specific companies or mass-produced “out-of-the-box” systems, e.g. SAP ERP, IBM MAXIMO, ABB AbilityТМ and SimeoTM that are examined in the paper. The EKP URRAN implements a single information space that is a decision support tool for the asset management system as it possesses the required regulatory and procedural resources, hardware and software assets intended for comprehensive management of assets and processes for the purpose of efficient railway service. In the future, the EKP URRAN is to become part of the Digital Platform for Risk and Traffic Safety Management deployed in JSC RZD and will comprise modules that implement dynamic predictive analytics models for the purpose of predicting undesirable events involving infrastructure and rolling stock that may disrupt traffic safety. Conclusions. Further development of the EKP URRAN will soon provide all levels of company management with an efficient tool that allows, in the context of limited resources, making substantiated managerial decisions and rational investment allocation. The EKP URRAN is an asset of JSC RZD designed to be used by the managers and specialists of various JSC RZD units. It can be implemented as a standalone IT product for the purpose of developing and deploying an asset management system in various railway companies.
Percurso do diagnóstico de malignidades
Authors: Pereira Vitoriano Jenifer , Brito Nascimento Suelen , Oliveira Alves da Silva Isabela , Dos Santos Nascimento Sara , Chung Kang Hye 
Published: March 2021

No Brasil aproximadamente 15% das mortes decorre do câncer, representando um grave problema de saúde pública, mais de 7% por malignidades hematológicas. O diagnóstico é complexo e grande parte da falha à quimioterapia decorre do início tardio do tratamento. Analisamos quantos trabalhos recentes na literatura abordam o tempo transcorrido desde os primeiros sintomas até o diagnóstico dos pacientes que apresentam alguma malignidade, especialmente as hematológicas, bem como desempenhamos uma pesquisa sobre a temática. Realizamos uma revisão da literatura médica usando a metodologia descrita por Jacobsen et al. (2017), consultando as bases de dados científicas Scielo e Pubmed, observando o intervalo de tempo entre 2015 a 2019. A pesquisa realizada no Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro se deu por meio de um questionário aplicado aos pacientes que frequentam o ambulatório de quimioterapia. Foram identificadas 276 publicações no PubMed e 44 publicações no Scielo, ao final selecionou-se 7 artigos, onde apenas um se referia a malignidades hematológicas. O questionário está em andamento e foram incluídos até o momento 39 pacientes, o maior grupo os portadores de neoplasias hematológicas, 41,02%; 48,72% buscaram atendimento médico dias após o início dos sintomas; 38,46% tiveram diagnóstico em estágio avançado; serviço inicial com maior procura foi a Unidade Básica de Saúde, 51,29%.Em todos os artigos selecionados e analisados bem como em nossa pesquisa os indivíduos têm um atraso significativo na busca por diagnóstico final, portanto, do tratamento, o que pode resultar em resposta insatisfatória, podendo levar a óbito.

Palavras-chave: Câncer; Diagnóstico; Tempo.
Effects of Gene and Plasma Tau on Cognitive Impairment in Rural Chinese Population
Authors: Tang Xu , Liu Shuzhen , Cai Jiansheng , Chen Quanhui , Xu Xia , Mo Chun B. , Xu Min , Mai Tingyu , Li Shengle , He Haoyu , Qin Jian , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Sufficient attention was not paid to the effects of microtubule-associated
protein tau (MAPT) and plasma tau protein on cognition.

Objective:
A total of 3072 people in rural China were recruited. They were provided with questionnaires,
and blood samples were obtained.

Methods:
The MMSE score was used to divide the population into cognitive impairment group
and control group. First, logistic regression analysis was used to explore the possible factors influencing
cognitive function. Second, 1837 samples were selected for SNP detection through stratified
sampling. Third, 288 samples were selected to test three plasma biomarkers (tau, phosphorylated
tau, and Aβ-42).

Results:
For the MAPT rs242557, people with AG genotypes were 1.32 times more likely to develop
cognitive impairment than those with AA genotypes, and people with GG genotypes were 1.47
times more likely to develop cognitive impairment than those with AG phenotypes. The plasma tau
protein concentration was also increased in the population carrying G (P = 0.020). The plasma tau
protein was negatively correlated with the MMSE score (P = 0.004).

Conclusion:
The mutation of MAPT rs242557 (A > G) increased the risk of cognitive impairment
and the concentration of plasma tau protein.