bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kenya’s Standard Gauge Railway Project in the Context of Theory and Practice of Regional Planning
Authors: Juma Leanard Otwori , Adol Gogo Fredrick , Abdulkadr Ahmed Abduletif , Lóránt Dénes Dávid 
Published: January 2021

Despite most African countries having immense natural and human resources potential, the continent has mostly been lagging on matters of economic development. This scenario could primarily be attributed to weak intra-regional and inter-country trade given the poor connectivity, quality, and diversity in transportation services and infrastructure. In this regard, the governments of the greater East African Region representing Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, South Sudan, Ethiopia and Kenya, therefore, mooted a coordinated vision to develop interlinked regional infrastructure in road and rail transport to allow smooth movement of goods and services. This paper aimed to critically review the impact of the SGR development on Kenya in the context of regional planning and development. The methodology of the study was a critical review of existing literature and secondary data. Study findings indicated that the development of the (Standard Gauge Railway) SGR is in tandem with the development strategies of other East African Countries. Its development is incorporated in national spatial plans with the rail route targeting regions with viable populations and sustainable economic activities. Criticisms, however, revolve around the ballooning debt to finance infrastructural development and lack of prioritization f mega projects. In conclusion, despite the financial constraints, the SGR is viewed to significantly influence the socio-economic spheres while presenting challenges in the management of landscapes where it traverses in Kenya and the Region.
EVALUASI PELAYANAN PROGRAM JAMPERSAL : TINJAUAN DIMENSI MUTU PELAYANAN JAMPERSAL
Authors: Mulyati Leli 
Published: January 2021

Knowing the factor fo pregnant women to choose jampersal service health center in the region of Curup Year 1012.
The research is using descriptive design. The sampling using purposive sampling. With 67 people and count using univariant.
From this study it can be seen from the technical competence almost half of respondents (48.2%) responded strongly agree, Access to almost all respondents (52.23%) responded agree. The effectiveness of almost all respondents (51.23%) responded agree. Continuity of care almost all respondents (51.73%) responded agree, security is almost all respondents (51.23%) responded agree. Human interpersonal almost all respondents (52.76%) responded agree, and the comfort of pleasure almost all respondents (50.23%) responded agree. Based the conclusion, of the 67 respondents can be concluded the vast majority of respondents (52.23%) said quality of care at health centers is good and almost Curup majority of respondents (47.76%) stated quality of care at health centers Curup not good.
PENGARUH FISIOTERAPI DADA TERHADAP KUANTITAS TIDUR PASIEN PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKSI KRONIK
Authors: Akbar Orlando Riki 
Published: January 2021

Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ( COPD ) often experience a disruption in the fulfillment of the need for rest and sleep . The results of the survey conducted in inpatient RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu earned 5 COPD patients experience sleep disturbances and did not know act chest physiotherapy and omissions chest physiotherapy to increase the quantity of sleep of patients with COPD . This type of research is Pre Experiment with using design one group pre and post test . Population in this research is that COPD patients are running the entire hospitalization in Melati, Kenanga, dan Teratai RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu . Samples taken by accidental sampling of 30 samples. Data analysis of the 30 respondents were Univariate and Bivariate by paired t - test test at α 5 % . The results showed that there was an increase in the average COPD patient sleep after nursing actions chest physiotherapy (p = 0.000) . Hospital room nurse suggested to perform nursing interventions to improve sleep in COPD patients with chest physiotherapy.
EFEKTIFITAS TUMBUHAN ENCENG GONDOK (EICHORMONIA CRASSIPES) SEBAGAI FITOREMEDIASI DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR BESI (Fe), TIMAH HITAM (Pb), MANGAN (Mn) PADA LEACHATE TPA
Authors: Suryanti Septiana 
Published: January 2021

This study aims at knowing the difference in decreased levels of iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and manganese (Mn) in leachate before and after treatment.
Research used a true experimental design with pre-post test design. The amount of leachate that is used in each treatment is 10 liters of leachate and 1 kg of water hyacinth, and do in 3 times repetition. Analysis of the was tested using One Way ANOVA test followed by LSD (Least Significance Difference).
The results showed that there were significant differences in the use of water hyacinth in the leachate decreased levels of iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and manganese (Mn) with a value of ρ = 0.000. Research results before treatment (pre-test) levels Fe = 6.30 mg / l, after treatment (post-test) Fe = 0.25 mg / l, before treatment (pre-test) value Pb = 2.90 mg / l, after treatment (post-test) and Pb = 0.33 before treatment (pre-test) the value of Mn = 2.68 mg / l, after treatment (post-test) Mn = 0.08 mg / l. It is known that the ability of water hyacinth weighing 1 kg with a time of 6 days is more effective than water hyacinth 2 days and 4 days in the lower levels of iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn) in the leachate.
It can be concluded that water hyacinth could reduce levels of iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn) in the leachate with contact time 6 days.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT MOTIVASI PENGAWAS MINUM OBAT DENGAN PENCAPAIAN ANGKA KONVERSI BTA PADA PASIEN TB PARU
Authors: Hidayah Mulyani 
Published: January 2021

Tubercle Bacillus disease in Indonesia is ranked number 5 in the world. One of the factors that affect the achievement of the conversion rate is PMO motivation in monitoring TB patients during TB medication ingestion. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of supervisors’ motivation to take medication with achieving a conversion rate of sputum smear examination of TB patients in the Sukamerindu community health center of Bengkulu Year 2014 This research was a descriptive cross using sectional analytic sample approach that obtained through purposive sampling amounted 37 patients with pulmonary TB and type of data that collected was primary data. Analysis technique that used in this study was the chi-square statistical test, presented in table form and narrative. The results showed that the majority of respondents have low motivation (75.7%) more than the majority achieving of conversion rate (56.8%). Chi Square Test results showed that there was relationship between supervisory level of motivation to take medication and conversion rate achievement of sputum smear examination of pulmonary TB patients (p = 0.024 (<α = 0.05). It is Expected that health workers (nurses and doctors) to be more discipline in monitoring eradication program of infectious diseases, especially pulmonary TB and Drug Supervisory
Sanksi Pidana dalam Teks Naskah Undang-Undang Hukum Laut
Authors: Mahardhika Kholifatu Nurlaili , Kramadibrata Dewaki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article explains how to apply criminal sanctions in the text of the Undang-Undang Hukum Laut (UUHL). This study aims to explain the form of regulations contained in the UUHL by looking at the criminal sanctions applied. In addition, this research is expected to provide benefits to overcome marine problems faced today. The research was conducted by means of philology. The analysis is carried out with a legal law approach to see the criminal sanctions contained in the UUHL. Based on the analysis that has been done, it can be seen that in the UUHL that the criminal sanctions imposed on people on board vary not only depending on the type of crime, but also on the subject of criminal law. The application of the UUHL law has certain stratifications. For the same crime, criminal offenders of different positions can receive different sentences. This shows that when the UUHL was implemented, there was no principle of equality of rights in effect.

Abstrak
Artikel ini menjelaskan bagaimana penerapan sanksi pidana dalam naskah Undang-Undang Hukum Laut (UUHL). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bentuk peraturan yang terkandung dalam UUHL dengan melihat sanksi pidana yang diterapkan. penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat untuk mengatasi masalah kelautan yang dihadapi pada masa kini. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara kerja filologi. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan hukum untuk melihat sanksi pidana Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, terlihat bahwa dalam UUHL, sanksi pidana yang dijatuhkan untuk orang-orang di atas kapal berbeda-beda tidak hanya bergantung kepada jenis pidana, tetapi juga kepada subjek hukum pidana. Penerapan hukum UUHL memiliki stratifikasi tertentu. Atas tindak pidana yang sama, pelaku pidana yang berbeda jabatannya dapat menerima hukuman yang berbeda. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pada saat UUHL diterapkan, tidak ada azas kesamaan atas hak yang berlaku.
Pre-existing Health Conditions and Epicardial Adipose Tissue Volume: Potential Risk Factors for Myocardial Injury in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Wei Zhi-Yao , Qiao Rui , Chen Jian , Huang Ji , Wang Wen-Jun , Yu Hua , Xu Jing , Wu Hui , Wang Chao , Gu Chong-Huai , Li Hong-Jiang , Li Mi , Liu Cong , Yang Jun , Ding Hua-Ming , Lu Min-Jie , Yin Wei-Hua , Wang Yang , Li Kun-Wei , Shi Heng-Feng , Qian Hai-Yan , Yang Wei-Xian , Geng Yong-Jian 
Published: January 2021

Background: Myocardial injury is a life-threatening complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Pre-existing health conditions and early morphological alterations may precipitate cardiac injury and dysfunction after contracting the virus. The current study aimed at assessing potential risk factors for COVID-19 cardiac complications in patients with pre-existing conditions and imaging predictors.Methods and Results: The multi-center, retrospective cohort study consecutively enrolled 400 patients with lab-confirmed COVID-19 in six Chinese hospitals remote to the Wuhan epicenter. Patients were diagnosed with or without the complication of myocardial injury by history and cardiac biomarker Troponin I/T (TnI/T) elevation above the 99th percentile upper reference limit. The majority of COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury exhibited pre-existing health conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and coronary disease. They had increased levels of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and more in-hospital adverse events (admission to an intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, or death). Chest CT scan on admission demonstrated that COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury had higher epicardial adipose tissue volume ([EATV] 139.1 (83.8–195.9) vs. 92.6 (76.2–134.4) cm2; P = 0.036). The optimal EATV cut-off value (137.1 cm2) served as a useful factor for assessing myocardial injury, which yielded sensitivity and specificity of 55.0% (95%CI, 32.0–76.2%) and 77.4% (95%CI, 71.6–82.3%) in adverse cardiac events, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that EATV over 137.1 cm2 was a strong independent predictor for myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19 [OR 3.058, (95%CI, 1.032–9.063); P = 0.044].Conclusions: Augmented EATV on admission chest CT scan, together with the pre-existing health conditions (hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia) and inflammatory cytokine production, is associated with increased myocardial injury and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Assessment of pre-existing conditions and chest CT scan EATV on admission may provide a threshold point potentially useful for predicting cardiovascular complications of COVID-19.
Robust Bayesian Joint Inversion of Gravimetric and Muographic Data for the Density Imaging of the Puy de Dôme Volcano (France)
Authors: Barnoud Anne , Cayol Valérie , Lelièvre Peter G. , Portal Angélie , Labazuy Philippe , Boivin Pierre , Gailler Lydie 
Published: January 2021

Imaging the internal structure of volcanoes helps highlighting magma pathways and monitoring potential structural weaknesses. We jointly invert gravimetric and muographic data to determine the most precise image of the 3D density structure of the Puy de Dôme volcano (Chaîne des Puys, France) ever obtained. With rock thickness of up to 1,600 m along the muon lines of sight, it is, to our knowledge, the largest volcano ever imaged by combining muography and gravimetry. The inversion of gravimetric data is an ill-posed problem with a non-unique solution and a sensitivity rapidly decreasing with depth. Muography has the potential to constrain the absolute density of the studied structures but the use of the method is limited by the possible number of acquisition view points, by the long acquisition duration and by the noise contained in the data. To take advantage of both types of data in a joint inversion scheme, we develop a robust method adapted to the specificities of both the gravimetric and muographic data. Our method is based on a Bayesian formalism. It includes a smoothing relying on two regularization parameters (an a priori density standard deviation and an isotropic correlation length) which are automatically determined using a leave one out criterion. This smoothing overcomes artifacts linked to the data acquisition geometry of each dataset. A possible constant density offset between both datasets is also determined by least-squares. The potential of the method is shown using the Puy de Dôme volcano as case study as high quality gravimetric and muographic data are both available. Our results show that the dome is dry and permeable. Thanks to the muographic data, we better delineate a trachytic dense core surrounded by a less dense talus.
Oral Bacteriotherapy in Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ceccarelli Giancarlo , Borrazzo Cristian , Pinacchio Claudia , Santinelli Letizia , Innocenti Giuseppe Pietro , Cavallari Eugenio Nelson , Celani Luigi , Marazzato Massimiliano , Alessandri Francesco , Ruberto Franco , Pugliese Francesco , Venditti Mario , Mastroianni Claudio M. , d'Ettorre Gabriella 
Published: January 2021

Background: Mounting evidence suggests SARS-CoV-2 may impact on host microbiota and gut inflammation, infecting intestinal epithelial cells. This possible link and its implications can be investigated by observing the effects of modulation of the microbial flora in patients with COVID-19. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of mortality, the need of ICU hospitalization and the length of hospitalization in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who received the best available therapy (BAT) vs. patients treated with BAT and supplemented with oral bacteriotherapy.Methods: This retrospective, observational cohort study included 200 adults with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. All patients received therapeutic regimens including low molecular weight heparin plus one or more between hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, antivirals, and Tocilizumab. Oral bacteriotherapy was used as complementary treatment.Results: Out of the 200 patients, 112 received BAT without oral bacteriotherapy, and 88 BAT with oral bacteriotherapy. Crude mortality was 22%. Eleven percent died in the group of patients treated with BAT plus oral bacteriotherapy vs. 30% subjects in the group of patients managed only with BAT (p &lt; 0.001). By multivariate analysis, the age &gt;65 years, CRP &gt;41.8 mg/L, Platelets &lt;150.000 mmc, and cardiovascular events were associated with the increased risk of mortality. Oral bacteriotherapy was an independent variable associated with a reduced risk for death. Despite large prospective trials are needed, this study highlights a possible role for oral bacteriotherapy in the management of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia.
Association of Caveolin-1 Expression With Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Pei , Zhang Yu-ling , Xue Bai , Xu Guo-ying 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThe prognostic value of caveolin-1 in prostate cancer remains uncertain. Hence, this meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of caveolin-1 in prostate cancer, as well as ascertain the relationship between caveolin-1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer patients.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Biology Medicine databases were electronically searched to retrieve published studies on caveolin-1 expression in prostate cancer. After study selection and data extraction, the meta-analysis was conducted using Review manager 5.3 software. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the pooled effect. Funnel plot was used to assess publication bias.ResultsA total of ten studies were enrolled, which included 3976 cases of prostate cancer, 72 cases of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), and 157 normal controls. Results of the meta-analysis showed that the positive rate of caveolin-1 expression in prostate cancer was 18.28 times higher than that in normal control (OR= 18.28, 95% CI: 9.02–37.04, p&lt;0.01), and 4.73 times higher than that in HGPIN (OR= 4.73, 95% CI: 2.38–9.42, p&lt;0.01). The relationship between caveolin-1 and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer showed that the differences in caveolin-1 expression in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) &gt;10 vs. ≤ 10 (OR=2.09, 95% CI: 1.35–3.22, p&lt;0.01), differentiation degree low vs. medium/high (OR=2.74, 95% CI: 1.84–4.08, p&lt;0.01), TNM stage T3+T4 vs. T1+T2 (OR=2.77, 95% CI: 1.78–4.29, p&lt;0.01), and lymph node metastasis present vs. absent (OR=2.61, 95% CI: 1.84–3.69, p&lt;0.01) were statistically significant. The correlation analysis between caveolin-1 and the survival time of patients with prostate cancer demonstrated that caveolin-1 was closely related to the prognosis of prostate cancer patients (HR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.28–1.76, p&lt;0.01).ConclusionCaveolin-1 is overexpressed in prostate cancer, which can serve as a risk factor and adverse clinicopathological feature of prostate cancer. Caveolin-1 can also predict poor survival in prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy.
Post-Operative Complications and Nipple Necrosis Rates Between Conventional and Robotic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy
Authors: Lee Jeea , Park Hyung Seok , Lee Haemin , Lee Dong Won , Song Seung Yong , Lew Dae Hyun , Kim Jee Ye , Park Seho , Kim Seung Il 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThis study is to directly compare surgical outcomes between conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy (CNSM) and robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (RNSM).Materials and MethodFor this case–control study, 369 cases of 333 patients who underwent CNSM or RNSM with immediate reconstruction between November 2016 and January 2019 at Severance Hospital in Seoul, Republic of Korea were reviewed. Patients with stage IV breast cancer (n = 1), receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 43), or subjected to previous operations (n = 14) or radiotherapy on the breasts were excluded. The main outcomes were comparing rates of post-operative complications, of high-grade post-operative complications as defined by the Clavien-Dindo classification, and nipple necrosis between the CNSM and the RNSM groups.ResultsA total of 311 cases, including 270 CNSMs and 41 RNSMs, were analyzed. The rates of post-operative nipple necrosis (p = 0.026, 2.4 vs. 15.2%) and of high-grade post-operative complications (p = 0.031, 34.8 vs. 17.1%) in the RNSM group were significantly lower than those in the CNSM group.ConclusionRNSM was associated with lower rates of high-grade post-operative complications and nipple necrosis than CNSM for patients with small breast volumes and less ptotic breasts.
Triptolide Attenuates Vascular Calcification by Upregulating Expression of miRNA-204
Authors: Pei Yu-qiang , Zheng Yong-qiu , Ding Yao-dong , Xu Qi-xiang , Cao Di , Wu Ya-ning , Wang Rui , Yang Jia-xin , Liang Jing , Ma Qian , Ge Hai-long 
Published: January 2021

Background: Triptolide (TP), a naturally derived compound from Tripterygium wilfordii, has been proven effective in protecting against cardiovascular system, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its protective effects are poorly understood. In the current study, we sought to test the potential protective role of TP in the regulation of vascular calcification in a rat model and explore whether TP attenuates medial vascular calcification by upregulating miRNA-204.Methods: Vitamin D3 plus nicotine (VDN) was used to induce a vascular calcification (VC) model of rat aorta. Von Kossa and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining were applied to assess the degree of calcification of rat aortas. Calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity were measured. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to quantify miRNA-204 expression. The localization of runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blotting.Results: Administration of TP greatly reduced vascular calcification in a dose-dependent manner compared with VC controls. The increase in ALP activity and calcium content was ameliorated by TP. Moreover, protein expression levels of BMP2 and RUNX2 were significantly reduced in calcified aortas. MiRNA-204 expression was increased in the TP-treated groups compared with VC controls and the effects of TP were reversed by the intravenous injection of miRNA-204-interfering lentivirus. However, the miRNA-204-overexpressing lentivirus had no additional effects on ALP activity, calcium content, BMP2 and RUNX2 expressions compared with those from TP group.Conclusion: TP inhibited BMP2 and RUNX2 expression and attenuated vascular calcification via upregulating the level of miRNA-204. TP appears to be a potential new therapeutic option for treating vascular calcification.
Balance Training as an Adjunct to Methylphenidate: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study of Behavioral Improvement Among Children With ADHD in China
Authors: Feng Lei , Ren Yuanchun , Cheng Jia , Wang Yufeng 
Published: January 2021

Objective:This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of two different approaches to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): (1) methylphenidate (MPH) treatment combined with balance training, and (2) MPH monotherapy.Methods:The study was based on a randomized, single-blind trial involving 27 ADHD patients. An experimental group received the treatment combining MPH and balance training, while a control group were administered just MPH. After 40 sessions of training at the 6-month mark, patients' improvement as observed in their core symptoms and behavioral problems were compared between the experimental and control group.Results:A total of 27 patients underwent randomization, with 13 assigned to the experimental group and 14 to the control group. After the 6-month trial, the experimental group outperformed the control group in terms of teachers' scores for inattention on the ADHD-RS-IV (19.38 ± 2.96 vs. 23.21 ± 3.91,t= −2.854,P= 0.009). The experimental group also showed greater improvement on the items involving behavior (3.14 ± 1.46 vs. 5.24 ± 1.04,t= 1.463,P= 0.026) and hyperactivity (1.92 ± 1.19 vs. 3.86 ± 2.32,t= −2.697,P= 0.012).Conclusion:In children with ADHD, the experimental group displayed a significant improvement in the symptoms and behavior associated with inattention than did the group whose treatment consisted of only MPH.