bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Epidemiological Characteristics of Pediatric Streptococcus Pneumoniae Isolated From Inpatients And Outpatients At Beijing Children’s Hospital
Authors: Lyu Shuang , Shi Wei , Dong Fang , Xu Baoping , Liu Gang , Wang Quan , Yao Kaihu , Yang Yong Hong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The epidemiological data of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates are important for the practice of treatment and prevention. This research aimed to explore the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric S. pneumoniae isolated from outpatients and inpatients.Methods: S. pneumoniae were isolated from unsterile samples of inpatients and outpatients younger than five years old between March 2013 and February 2014. The serotypes were determined by diagnostic pneumococcal antisera, and resistance against 13 antibiotics was tested by either the E-test or the disc diffusion method. The sequence types (STs) were analyzed with multilocus sequence typing (MLST).Results: The five dominant serotypes obtained from inpatients were 19F(32.9%), 19A(20.7%), 23F(10.7%), 6A(10.0%), and 14 (8.6%), while those in the outpatients were 19F (13.6%), 23F (12.9%), 6A (10.0%), 6B (10.0%), and 19A (7.9%). The coverage rates of the 7-, 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine formulations were high. The non-susceptibility to penicillin, cefuroxime, imipenem, erythromycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole among the inpatient isolates were 7.1%, 92.8%, 65.7%, 100%, and 85.0%, respectively, while those among the outpatient isolates were 0.7%, 50.0%, 38.6%, 96.4%, and 65.7%, respectively. There were 45 and 81 STs detected from the pneumococci isolated from inpatients and outpatients, respectively. CC271 was more prevalent in inpatients.Conclusions: The pneumococcal vaccine related serotypes were still prevalent either in inpatient department or in outpatient department, which with serious antibiotic resistance. These results might be helpful for understanding the epidemiology of S. pneumoniae in Beijing. PCVs can prevent vaccine related serotypes. Therefore, universal immunization of PCVs should be implemented to prevent the spread of vaccine related serotypes of S. pneumoniae.
Industrial Ecological Efficiency of Cities in the Yellow River Basin in the Background of China's Economic Transformation: Spatial-Temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors
Authors: Song Chengzhen , Yin Guanwen , Lu Zhilin , Chen Yanbin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
At present, China's economic development has entered a "new normal." Exploring Industrial ecological efficiency (IEE) in the background of economic transformation is of great significance to promote China's industrial transformation and upgrading and achieving high-quality economic development. Based on the Super-Efficiency DEA model, this study evaluated the IEE of cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2008 to 2017. Exploratory spatial data analysis methods were used to explore the spatial-temporal evolutionary characteristics, and a panel regression model was established to explore the influencing factors of IEE. The research results showed that: The IEE in the Yellow River Basin exhibited an elongated S-shaped evolutionary trend from 2008 to 2017, and the mean IEE of cities presented a trend whereby Yellow River Basin’s regions could be ranked in the following order: lower reaches > middle reaches > upper reaches. There was significant spatial autocorrelation of the IEE in the Yellow River Basin, and the hot and cold spots showed an obvious "spatial clubs" phenomenon. The results of panel regression show that the influence factors of IEE in the Yellow River Basin showed spatial heterogeneity in their effect.
Automated Sectoral Quantitative Analysis of Parafoveal Microvascular Status and Association with Structure in Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Polat Nihat , Yoloğlu Saim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the integrity of the capillary plexuses, their relationship with each other, and their association with structural changes in a sectoral manner in diabetic macular edema (DME).Methods: The vessel density (VD) was measured in inferior, superior, nasal and temporal (İ, S, N, T) parafovea in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). The integrity of the external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ) were evaluated in B-scan images.Results: In the SCP, only superior and nasal VD was significantly lower (P: 0.0001 and P: 0.020, respectively) while in the DCP, only temporal VD was significantly lower in the DME eyes (P: 0.034). There was no correlation between the VD of SCP and DCP in the corresponding quadrants (all P > 0.05). The FAZ area was significantly greater (both superficial and deep) in DME eyes than in control eyes (P > 0.05). ELM disruptions were not affected by the corresponding VDs in the SCP (all P> 0.05), but nasal and temporal quadrant ELM disruptions were affected by VDs in the DCP in the corresponding quadrants (P: 0.005 nasal, P: 0.001 temporal). EZ disruptions were not affected by the corresponding VDs in the SCP and DCP (all P> 0.05).Conclusions: The SCP was affected in more quadrants than the DCP and probably independently from each other. There was an association with the ELM and the DCP, especially in nasal and temporal quadrants, but there was not an association between the EZ and SCP or DCP.
Assessing the Relationship between Body Image and Quality of Life Among Rural and Urban Breast Cancer Survivors in China
Authors: An Jinghua , Zhou Kaina , Li Minjie , Li Xiaomei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to examine the associations between multidimensional body image and quality of life (QoL) and test whether the associations between body image and QoL are moderated by rural-urban residence in Chinese breast cancer survivors.
Methods
A cross-sectional design was adopted. Breast cancer survivors were recruited via a convenience sampling method. Two validated questionnaires (Body Image Self-Rating Questionnaire for Breast Cancer and SF-36) and questions assessing demographic and clinical covariates were administered.
Results
In our sample of 354 breast cancer survivors, half (50.28%) lived in rural areas. After adjusting for demographic and clinical variables, better perception of body image-related sexual activity change, role change, and psychological change was significantly associated with better physical and mental well-being. Better perception of body image-related social and behavior change domains was only significantly associated with better mental well-being. The association between body image and mental well-being was much stronger in urban subjects (b = -0.38, p < 0.001) than in rural subjects (b = -0.20, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that multidimensional body image is associated with physical and mental well-being in Chinese breast cancer survivors. Body image appears to play a larger role in urban breast cancer survivors’ mental well-being. Our findings indicate that incorporating interventions that address body image issues would be advantageous for survivorship care programs focused on enhancing QoL in breast cancer survivors. Considering the rural-urban differences supports strategic design of the care programs in rural and urban settings.
A Clinical Study Of Segmental Mandibulectomy For Medication-Related Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw
Authors: Otsuru Mitsunobu , Soutome Sakiko , Hayashida Saki , Rokutanda Satoshi , Yanamoto Souichi , Umeda Masahiro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Few studies have focused on segmental mandibulectomy for the surgical treatment of patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the extent of mandibular resection required and the treatment outcomes.
Methods

One hundred thirty-seven patients with MRONJ who underwent surgical treatment at the Nagasaki University Hospital between 2011 and 2019 were included in the study. A total of 168 surgeries (155 marginal mandibulectomies; 13 segmental mandibulectomies) were performed. The relationship between various clinical and imaging factors and the treatment outcomes were investigated in the 13 cases of segmental mandibulectomy.
Results

Preoperative computed tomography revealed osteolytic lesions (13/13), periosteal reaction (PR; 12/13), and osteosclerosis (12/13) in patients who underwent segmental mandibulectomies. Postoperative CT revealed no residual osteolytic lesions and PR, although osteosclerosis persisted in nine patients. The cure rate of segmental mandibulectomy was 92.3% (12/13), whereas that of marginal mandibulectomy was 67.1% (104/155). One patient relapsed after segmental mandibulectomy was cured by additional resection. Two and four patients received reconstruction with free fibula flap and reconstruction metal plate, respectively; seven patients did not undergo reconstructive surgery in consideration of their poor general condition or will. Finally, in all the 13 patients, clinical symptoms such as pain and purulent discharge disappeared and oral intake was possible.
Conclusion

Considering the end-of-life care, segmental mandibulectomy is a treatment option for refractory MRONJ, because it can eliminate clinical symptoms early. When segmental mandibulectomy is performed, the area involving osteolytic lesions and PR must be included.
Allee Effects Determine Pollinator Services at Local and Geographic Scales
Authors: Sánchez-Castro Darío , Armbruster Georg , Willi Yvonne 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Climatic factors have attracted much attention in the study of species’ distributions, while little is known about the role of biotic interactions. Here, we tested for variation in pollinator service across the distribution of a plant species, and evaluated the driving mechanisms. We monitored insect pollinators using time-lapse cameras in populations of North American Arabidopsis lyrata from the southern to the northern range limit. We spotted 67 pollinating insect taxa, indicating that this plant-pollinator network is a generalist system. Pollinator service increased with latitude. Higher pollinator visitation was correlated with the richness of other flowering plants and with plant census size, which was largest in northern populations. Furthermore, pollinator service reached a maximum at intermediate local flower density. Synthesis: This study indicates that pollination service underlies Allee effects on a local and species’ range scale, and that plant populations at range limits receive only marginal pollination service if they are small.
Presentation of a New Endometriosis Mice Model Through Rat to Mice Xenograft Transplantation of Endometrium with some Modifications; A Pilot Study
Authors: Abdolmaleki Amir , Jalili Cyrus , Mansouri Kamran , Bakhtiari Mitra 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Human endometriosis can lead to many complications, including permanent infertility. Rodent model of endometriosis is complicated due to the impractical isolation of myometrium. In this method, we defined a new model of endometriosis with some modifications. 40 female mice were grouped as; 1st sham, 2nd mice-mice allograft uterus transplantation of mice to anterior abdominal wall of mice, 3rd mice-mice allograft uterus transplantation of mice to mesentery of mice, 4th rat-mice xenograft endometrial transplantation of rat to anterior abdominal wall of mice, 5th rat-mice xenograft endometrial transplantation of rat to mesentery of mice. In recipient animals, estrous cycle was synchronized. Endometrium was dissected in rats and transplanted in abdominal wall or mesentery layer. Angiogenetic and inflammatory factors, serum levels of CA125, oxidative stress in peritoneal fluid, physical and histopathological features, and genes expression in uterus were assessed. Peritoneal concentrations of VEGF-A, TNF-α, NO, MDA, and serum levels of CA125, IL-37 were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in transplanted groups, especially in the 4th group than control. Total body weight of animals was decreased significantly (P < 0.05), while weight and size of endometrial lesions were increased significantly (P > 0.05). Genes expression of HOXA10 and HOXA11 were decreased in endometrium of uterus. Finally, histopathological features of endometrial lesions were confirmed by H&E and Perl staining. Xenograft transplantation of endometrium from rat to anterior abdominal wall of mice can potentially mimic the human endometriosis morphologically, histologically and genetically.
The Perinatal Outcomes by Gestational Weight Gain Range at 30 Weeks of Gestation Among Pre-Pregnancy Underweight Women: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Nagao Takeshi , Fukui Sho , Ohde Sachiko , Yamanaka Michiko 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The antenatal weight targets of gestational weight gain (GWG) (earlier than 40 weeks) among underweight pregnant women (UPW: pre-pregnancy body mass index≤18.5 kg/m2) that are useful for the management of weight during pregnancy have not been reported. It had been recently pointed out that firm GWG restrictions have led to an increase in the number of low-birth-weight infants in Japan. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the perinatal outcomes by GWG at 30 weeks of gestation among UPW and to discuss the effects of GWG restrictions.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a hospital in Japan from 2003 to 2020. The UPW (n=3,643) were divided into the four quartile groups based on the GWG at 30 weeks of gestation: group A ≤ 5.7 kg, 5.7 kg < group B ≤ 7.2 kg, 7.2 kg < group C ≤ 8.8 kg, and 8.8 kg < group D. Their clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared using t-test, chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: The incidence rates of preterm births were 7.5% (n=70), 5.0% (n=45), 5.4% (n=50), and 4.9% (n=44) and the birth rates of small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants were 15.7% (n=147), 9.6% (n=87), 6.9% (n=64), and 5.9% (n=53) in groups A, B, C, and D, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that group A was significantly associated with preterm births [adjusted odds ratio (Adj. OR) = 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0–2.3; p = 0.018], and groups A and B were significantly associated with SGA [Adj. OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 2.2–4.2; p < 0.001] [Adj. OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.2–2.5; p = 0.002] . No significant differences were noted in the ratio of cesarean section (CS) (p = 0.344), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) (p = 0.954), and macrosomia (p = 0.147) among the four groups.Conclusions: The GWG at 30 weeks of >5.7 kg for preterm birth and >7.2 kg for SGA is recommended. Firm weight restrictions for UPW may have led to an increase of adverse outcomes without reducing the risk of CS, HDP, and macrosomia.
Implementation of An Organizational Intervention To Improve Low-Wage Workers' Safety, Health And Wellbeing: Findings From The Workplace Organizational Health Study
Authors: Sorensen Glorian , Peters Susan E. , Nielsen Karina , Stelson Elisabeth , Wallace Lorraine M. , Burke Lisa , Nagler Eve M. , Roodbari Hamid , Karapanos Melissa , Wagner Gregory R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Many organizational interventions aim to improve working conditions to promote and protect worker safety, health, and well-being. The Workplace Organizational Health Study used process evaluation to examine factors influencing implementation of an organizational intervention. This paper examines the extent to which the intervention was implemented as planned, the dose of intervention implemented, and ways the organizational context hindered or facilitated the implementation of the intervention.Methods: This proof-of-concept trial was conducted with a large, multinational company that provides food service through contractual arrangements with corporate clients. The 13-month intervention was launched in five intervention sites in October 2018. We report findings on intervention implementation based on process tracking and qualitative data. Qualitative data from 25 post-intervention interviews and 89 process tracking documents were coded and thematically analyzed.Results: Over the 13-month intervention, research team representatives met with site managers monthly to provide consultation and technical assistance on safety and ergonomics, work intensity, and job enrichment. Approximately two-thirds of the planned in-person or phone contacts occurred. We tailored the intervention to each site as we learned more about context, work demands, and relationships. The research team additionally met regularly with senior leadership and district managers, who provided corporate resources and guidance. By assessing the context of the food service setting in which the intervention was situated, we explored factors hindering and facilitating the implementation of the intervention. The financial pressures, competing priorities and the fast-paced work environment placed constraints on site managers’ availability and limited the full implementation of the intervention.Conclusions: Despite strong support from corporate senior leadership, we encountered barriers in the implementation of the planned intervention at the worksite and district levels. These included financial demands that drove work intensity; turnover of site and district managers disrupting continuity in the implementation of the intervention; and staffing constraints that further increased the work load and pace. Findings underscore the need for ongoing buy-in and support from both the parent employer and the host client.Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered with the Clinical Trials.Gov Protocol and Results System on June 2, 2021 with assigned registration number NCT04913168.
Clinical Application of Robotic Orthopedic Surgery: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Li Cheng , Jiang Nan , Wang Lei , Perka Carsten , Trampuz Andrej 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the status and trends of robotic orthopedic surgery in a clinical setting using bibliometrics.Methods: All relevant publications on the clinical use of robotic surgery in orthopedics were searched from the Web of Science database. Subsequently, data were analyzed using bibliometrics. Visualizing data of bibliographic coupling, co-citation, and co-occurrence analysis were performed using VOSviewer.Results: In total, 224 clinical studies met the included standards between 2000 to 2019. Global publications presented an increasing annual trend, with the United States found to have the largest number of publications and robotic companies active in the field (n = 99), followed by China (n = 38), and the United Kingdom (n = 27). The institution with the most contributions was the Beijing Jishuitan Hospital in China (n = 14). The most productive scholars were Tian Wei and Mont Michael A, with 14 publications each. The top 30 most cited papers list showed 29 publications to be cited on more than 40 occassions. The journal with the most related and influential publications on robotic orthopedic surgery was the Journal of Arthroplasty. Fourteen types of robots were used, with the majority applied in knee and spinal surgery. MAKO was the most widely used robot in hip and knee surgery and Mazor in spinal surgery. Most studies were small sample populations of low-quality in this field. The top 20 most frequently used keywords were identified from 950 author keywords. Research on orthopedic robots were classified into two clusters by co-occurrence networks: spinal-related robotic surgery and joint-related robotic surgery. Conclusions: The present bibliometric study summarizes the clinical research of orthopedic robots on study type, sample size, type of surgery, robot information, surgical site, most popular keywords, most cited papers, journals, authors, institutions, and countries. These findings may assist the scholars better understand the current status and research trends to guide future practice and directions.
Enhancing Virtual Screening Efficiency in the Discovery of Human TMPRSS2 Inhibitor for Combating COVID-19
Authors: Vuai Said A. H. , Ogedjo Marcelina M. , Onoka Isaac , Sahini Mtabazi G. , Shadrack Daniel M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to pose a health and economic crisis worldwide, the quest for drugs and/or vaccines against the virus continues. The human transmembrase protease serines 2 (TMPRSS2) has attracted attention as a target for drug discovery, as inhibition of its catalytic reaction would results in the inactivation of the proteolytic cleavage of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein. As a result, the inactivation prevents viral cell entry to the host’s cell. In this work, we screened and identified two potent molecules that interact and inhibit the catalytic reaction by using computational approaches. Two docking screening experiments were performed utilizing the crystal structure and holo ensemble structure obtained from molecular dynamics in bound form. There is enhancement and sensitivity of docking results to the holo ensemble as compared to the crystal structure. Compound 1 binds more stable than nafamostat by interacting with catalytic triad residue His296 and Ser441, thereby disrupting the already establish hydrogen bond interaction. The stability of the ligand-TMPRSS2 complexes was studied by molecular dynamics simulation, and the binding energy was re-scored by using MM-PBSA binding free energy. The obtained compounds may serve as initial point towards the discovery of potent TMPRSS2 inhibitors upon further in vivo validation.
The Use of Standardized Brazilian Green Propolis Extract (EPP-AF) as an Adjunct Treatment for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients (BeeCovid2): A Structured Summary of a Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Silveira Marcelo Augusto Duarte , de Souza Sergio Pinto , Galvão Erica Batista dos Santos , Teixeira Maurício Brito , Gomes Marcel Miranda Dantas , Damiani Lucas Petri , Bahiense Bruno Andrade , Cabral Julia Barros , De Oliveira Cicero Wandson Luiz Macedo , Mascarenhas Talita Rocha , Pinheiro Priscila Carvalho Guedes , Alves Milena Souza , de Melo Rodrigo Morel Vieira , Berretta Andresa Aparecida , Leite Flávia Mendes , Nonaka Carolina Kymie Vasques , Souza Bruno Solano de Freitas , Mendes Ana Verena Almeida , Guarda Suzete Farias da , Passos Rogério da Hora 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continues to spread and affects large numbers of people with unprecedented impacts. To date, there is no consensus on a specific treatment. Experimental evidence has already been obtained for use of the standardized extract of Brazilian green propolis (EPP-AF) against viral targets, and clinical rationality has been demonstrated for testing this extract as an adjunct to treatment in patients affected by COVID-19. The BeeCovid2 study is once again assessing EPP-AF in hospitalized patients with coronavirus infection.
Methods
BeeCovid2 is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study being conducted in Brazil to provide further evidence on the effectiveness of standardized green propolis extract as an adjunctive treatment for adults hospitalized with COVID-19. Adults hospitalized with COVID-19 with respiratory symptoms for less than 14 days who are not on invasive oxygen therapy are eligible. Enrolled patients are randomized at a 1:1 ratio to receive placebo or standardized propolis extract (900 mg/day) for 10 days. The study treatments are administered in a double-blinded manner, and patients are followed for 28 days. The primary outcome is the length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes include the need for mechanical ventilation, the rate of acute kidney injury, the need for renal replacement therapy, the requirement for vasoactive drugs, the use of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), and the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
Discussion
This trial is very useful and will provide more data on the effectiveness of using the standardized Brazilian green propolis extract as an adjunctive treatment in association with standard care in adults hospitalized with moderate to severe acute COVID-19.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04800224. Registered on March 16, 2021.