bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the qualities of a ‘good doctor’: family carers’ and healthcare professionals’ perspective on dementia healthcare in India
Authors: Baruah Upasana , Rao Rachita , Antoniades Josefine , Loganathan Santosh , Varghese Mathew , Cooper Claudia , Kent Mike , Dow Briony , Brijnath Bianca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The escalating prevalence of dementia in India highlights the need for effective dementia care, particularly in a context marked by limited specialized services and resources. In response to this growing challenge, we sought to contribute to the understanding of societal expectations of multidisciplinary dementia care by exploring the qualities that family carers and healthcare professionals value in dementia care professionals within a multidisciplinary team in India.

Methods
The aim of the study was to describe the perspectives of carers and healthcare professionals regarding the attributes of a ‘good doctor’ in the context of accessing care for individuals with dementia in India. The research involved qualitative face-to-face interviews with 19 family carers and 25 healthcare professionals in Bengaluru, India, with data collected between March and July 2022.

Results
Using a thematic analysis framework, four main themes emerged: [1] accessibility and availability [2], empathetic engagement and effective communication [3], knowledge and competency, and [4] systemic reforms and culturally competent multilevel support. Public and professionals’ perceptions of ‘good’ care appeared to have shifted from seeking cures to prioritizing time, counselling, and information, reflecting a more holistic understanding of support needed. Interviewees valued interactions in which they perceived practitioners acting with patience, compassion, respect for dignity of the person with dementia, and professional competence. Effective communication was key. Challenges in accessing quality dementia care included inadequate infrastructure, lack of specialized services, and long waiting times. The importance of multidisciplinary approaches and the need for systemic reforms to enhance service delivery were highlighted.

Conclusion
Findings highlight a need for training programs for healthcare professionals to foster the values inherent to delivery of person-centered care.
Outcome preferences in fidelity-adaptation scenarios across evidence-based parenting programs: A discrete choice experiment
Authors: Pettersson Kristoffer , Millroth Philip , Giannotta Fabrizia , Liedgren Pernilla , Lyon Aaron R. , Hasson Henna , von Thiele Schwarz Ulrica 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Implementing evidence-based parenting programs often involves navigating fidelity-adaptation decisions. While research has explored various aspects of this dilemma, little is known about how practitioners’ outcome preferences influence their decisions in real-world scenarios.

Methods
This study employed a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to investigate the relative importance of five outcomes (Relationship Quality, Satisfaction, Workload Strain, Value Conflict, and Reach) in fidelity-adaptation decisions among 209 practitioners delivering evidence-based parenting programs in Sweden. The DCE presented 25 choice sets across five contextual scenarios, analyzed using Bayesian hierarchical logistic regression.

Results
All five outcomes significantly influenced practitioners’ choices, with Relationship Quality emerging as the most impactful (log-odds: 4.56, 95% CI [4.16, 4.91]). Satisfaction and minimizing Value Conflict showed similar importance (log odds: 2.45 and -2.40, respectively), while Workload Strain and Reach had slightly less impact (log odds: -2.10 and 1.96, respectively).

Conclusions
This study offers a novel perspective on the role of outcome preference in navigating fidelity-adaptation decisions. The strong preference for improving parent-child relationships aligns with core parenting program goals, while consideration of other outcomes reflects practitioners’ holistic approach to implementation. These findings can inform the design of interventions and implementation strategies that balance effectiveness with real-world constraints, potentially enhancing parenting programs’ adoption, sustainability, and impact.
Machine learning models for reinjury risk prediction using cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) data: optimizing athlete recovery
Authors: Abasi Arezoo , Nazari Ahmad , Moezy Azar , Fatemi Aghda Seyed Ali 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) provides detailed insights into athletes’ cardiovascular and pulmonary function, making it a valuable tool in assessing recovery and injury risks. However, traditional statistical models often fail to leverage the full potential of CPET data in predicting reinjury. Machine learning (ML) algorithms offer promising capabilities in uncovering complex patterns within this data, allowing for more accurate injury risk assessment.

Objective
This study aimed to develop machine learning models to predict reinjury risk among elite soccer players using CPET data. Specifically, we sought to identify key physiological and performance variables that correlate with reinjury and to evaluate the performance of various ML algorithms in generating accurate predictions.

Methods
A dataset of 256 elite soccer players from 16 national and top-tier teams in Iran was analyzed, incorporating physiological variables and categorical data. Several machine learning models, including CatBoost, SVM, Random Forest, and XGBoost, were employed to predict reinjury risk. Model performance was assessed using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, AUC, and SHAP values to ensure robust evaluation and interpretability.

Results
CatBoost and SVM exhibited the best performance, with CatBoost achieving the highest accuracy (0.9138) and F1-score (0.9148), and SVM achieving the highest AUC (0.9725). A significant association was found between a history of concussion and reinjury risk (χ² = 13.0360, p = 0.0015), highlighting the importance of neurological recovery in preventing future injuries. Heart rate metrics, particularly HRmax and HR2, were also significantly lower in players who experienced reinjury, indicating reduced cardiovascular capacity in this group.

Conclusion
Machine learning models, particularly CatBoost and SVM, provide promising tools for predicting reinjury risk using CPET data. These models offer clinicians more precise, data-driven insights into athlete recovery and risk management. Future research should explore the integration of external factors such as training load and psychological readiness to further refine these predictions and enhance injury prevention protocols.
Sodium butyrate attenuates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation by modulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and microbiome-gut-brain axis in cardiac arrest mice
Authors: Sun Jianfei , Lu Liping , Lian Yingtao , Xu Song , Zhu Ying , Wu Yanping , Lin Qianhui , Hou Jing , Li Yinping , Yu Zhui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cardiac arrest (CA) is one of the most common illnesses worldwide. Post-CA brain injury (PCABI) is a major cause of death and poor recovery in CA patients and the current CA treatments are not very effective. The microbiome-gut-brain axis has been found to significantly affect brain ischemia injury. Furthermore, in ischemic stroke patients, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), especially sodium butyrate (SB), have been observed to promote neuroprotective effects by modulating inflammatory response and microglial polarization in the cortex. However, the precise mechanism of SB on CA-induced injury remains elusive. Therefore, this research study established an oxygen–glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model using BV-2 microglial and HT22 cells to simulate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro and a potassium chloride-induced CA mouse model to mimic CA in vivo. The data revealed that SB markedly improved neurological scores and reduced neuronal death and apoptosis. Moreover, it reduced M1 microglia and neuroinflammation in CA mice. In addition, SB increased intestinal integrity and alleviated systemic inflammation. The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis indicated that SB intervention mitigated CA-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and SCFA depletion. It was also observed that CA mice’s brain and OGD/R-exposed BV2 cells had substantially increased levels of MyD88, phosphorylated NF-κB p65, and TLR4 proteins, which were reduced after SB treatment. In summary, this study revealed that SB can protect against cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury by controlling microglia polarization and microbiome-gut-brain axis to inhibit brain inflammation via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.
Occipital artery–posterior inferior cerebellar artery bypass for anterior inferior cerebellar artery stenosis with repeated cerebellar ischemic stroke: a case report
Authors: Eguchi Hiroki , Arai Takashi , Kawamata Takakazu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency revascularization has long been a preventive treatment for cerebral infarction. However, no studies have demonstrated the efficacy of revascularization in patients with cerebellar ischemia.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 77-year-old Japanese man who experienced seven recurrent cerebellar infarctions over 2 years. Severe stenosis was noted at the origin of the common trunk of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery and anterior inferior cerebellar artery. Patients with cerebral infarctions are resistant to medical treatment. Blood flow evaluation showed that the area of reduced cerebrovascular reactivity corresponded to the area where repeated small infarctions occurred. An occipital artery–posterior inferior cerebellar artery bypass was performed to prevent another infarction. Postoperative single-photon emission computed tomography showed an improved cerebrovascular reactivity. No ischemic events occurred during 2 years of a postoperative follow-up period.

Conclusion
Occipital artery–posterior inferior cerebellar artery bypass is an effective treatment method for vascular stenosis and decreased blood circulation due to posterior circulation ischemia.
Evaluating biparametric MRI for diagnosing muscle-invasive bladder cancer with variant urothelial histology: a multicenter study
Authors: Liu Peikun , Cai Lingkai , Que Hongliang , Jiang Meihua , Jiang Xuping , Liang Bo , Wang Gongcheng , Jiang Linjing , Yang Xiao , Lu Qiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) based on multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) demonstrated excellent performance in diagnosing muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) in cases of pure urothelial carcinoma. However, the performance of VI-RADS based on mp-MRI and biparametric MRI (bp-MRI) in diagnosing urothelial carcinoma with variant histology (VUC) remains unknown.

Purpose
To evaluate the applicability of VI-RADS using mp-MRI and bp-MRI in diagnosing MIBC in patients with VUC.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 86 patients with VUC from different medical centers. Each patient underwent mp-MRI, with images evaluated using VI-RADS scores. The acquired images were divided into two groups: the mp-MRI group and the bp-MRI group. The mp-MRI group was evaluated according to the VI-RADS protocol. For the bp-MRI group, two VI-RADS scoring criteria were established: bp-DWI, primarily driven by DWI, and bp-T2WI, primarily driven by T2WI. The bp-MRI group was evaluated based on these two criteria. Inter-reader agreement performance was evaluated using Kappa analysis. The evaluation methods were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve. Comparison of the area under the curve (AUC) was performed used DeLong’s test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results
Inter-reader agreement was high across all evaluation methods, with Kappa values exceeding 0.80. The AUCs for mp-MRI, bp-DWI, and bp-T2WI were 0.934, 0.885, and 0.932, respectively. The diagnostic performance of bp-T2WI was comparable with that of mp-MRI (p = 0.682) and significantly higher than bp-DWI (p = 0.007). Both mp-MRI and bp-T2WI demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion
VI-RADS based on mp-MRI demonstrates good diagnostic performance for MIBC in VUC patients. bp-T2WI may provide comparable diagnostic performance to mp-MRI.
Identification of biomarkers and mechanism exploration of ferroptosis related genes regulated by m6A in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Xuying , Geng Juan , Wang Ruiduo , Ma Gang , Liu Pan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study is aims to explore the role of ferroptosis genes regulated by N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Material and methods
Firstly, differentially expressed m6A-FRGs (DEm6A-FRGs) were obtained by intersecting the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the m6A-related ferroptosis genes (m6A-FRGs). After enrichment analysis of DEm6A-FRGs, artificial neural network (ANN) and nomogram models were constructed using 4 biomarkers. Moreover, the gene set enrichment analysis of biomarkers was performed. Furthermore, the transcription factors (TF)-mRNA and competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) regulatory networks were constructed to reveal the potential regulation of biomarkers at molecular level. In addition, the targeted drugs of biomarkers were predicted, and the molecular docking was used to study the inter-molecular interactions between biomarkers and targeted drugs by “AutoDockvina”.

Results
Totals of 10 DEm6A-FRGs were obtained by intersecting the 402 DEGs and 299 m6A-FRGs. Moreover, the ANN model and nomogram model were constructed with 4 biomarkers including CDKN1A, MIOX, MYCN and CD82, among them, CDKN1A was the most important biomarker for forecasting T2DM. Notably, the function of extracellular matrix structural constituent was low expression in CD82 and MIOX, the function of mitochondrial protein-containing complex was high expression in CD82 and CDKN1A. Furthermore, TP63 could regulate CD82, CDKN1A and MIOX, GATA3 could regulate CD82, CDKN1A and MYCN at the same time. The ceRNA network was constructed with 4 mRNAs, 51 miRNAs and 37 lncRNAs, among them, XIST was a key lncRNA that associated with 12 miRNAs, which could influence CDKN1A. In addition, bisphenol A was associated with CD82 and MYCN, CGP 25608 was associated with CDKN1A and MIOX.

Conclusion
This study revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of m6A-related ferroptosis genes in T2DM, which could provide novel insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of T2DM.
Intracranial pressure estimated non-invasively and postoperative outcomes in surgery in the Trendelenburg position with pneumoperitoneum
Authors: von Knorring Christina , Gjordeni Megan , Thomsson Tina , Lindström Ann-Charlotte , Pansell Jakob 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Surgery in the Trendelenburg position (TP) with pneumoperitoneum (PP) is beneficial in several aspects but is associated with postoperative complications, such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The mechanism behind this is unknown, but an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) has been suggested. There are several studies of non-invasively estimated ICP during surgery in TP with PP. The association between perioperative estimated ICP and postoperative complications has not yet been reviewed.

Methods
We performed a scoping review of peer-reviewed clinical studies reporting on both perioperative estimation of ICP and postoperative complications in patients undergoing surgery in TP with PP. The literature search was performed in February 2025 on PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science.

Results and conclusions
Ten of 12 included studies suggested associations between perioperative elevation of estimated ICP and postoperative complications, most notably PONV. This may have clinical implications since elevated ICP can be treated. Future research should focus on the association between perioperative ICP estimation and postoperative complications and the effects of ICP-lowering strategies on postoperative outcomes.
Efficient strategies and troubleshooting for single particle cryoEM data collection using EPU
Authors: Bhandari Janarjan , Kompaniiets Dmytro , Singh Ajit Kumar , Bator Carol , Porta Jason , Liu Bin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
CryoEM has gained popularity due to advancements in both hardware and software, making it possible to visualize biological molecular structures in detail. However, despite its growing use, cryoEM remains a costly technique, and limited access to cryo-capable TEMs is slowing research efforts. By refining experimental design and streamlining data collection approaches, researchers can significantly boost efficiency and reduce costs, making this technique more accessible and impactful.

Method
This work presents a guide to some of the session setup parameters for automated cryoEM data collection using Thermo Fisher’s EPU software.

Results
The TIFF and MRC formats were compared, and the Faster acquisition mode was evaluated against the Accurate acquisition mode. Acquired TIFF files were significantly smaller than MRC files without any notable loss of resolution in the data. By minimizing stage movements, the Faster acquisition mode increases data collection speed, while Accurate acquisition provides precise centering on the optical axis. The models generated from all experiments exhibit similar resolutions, approximately 2.12 Å. These findings suggest that the Faster mode, coupled with recent advancements in hardware and software, can increase data collection speed by nearly 5 times.

Discussion
This guide offers practical insights into optimizing data collection strategies based on the study's target and sample nature. Such optimization ensures the efficient use of resources, leading to reduced costs and time during both data collection and processing. Based on our findings, we recommend using the Faster mode with counted super-resolution, binning 2, and non-gain normalized TIFF output file format for all strategies outlined below.
Co-Occurrence of Cytogenetic Abnormalities and High-Risk Disease in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kaiser Martin F. , Sonneveld Pieter , Cairns David A. , Raab Marc S. , San-Miguel Izquierdo Jesús , Zhang Rick , Acosta Jorge , Larocca Alessandra , Popat Rakesh , Li Cong , Baertsch Marc-A. , Brown Sarah R. , Lahuerta Palacios JuanJose , Gandhi Anita K. , Macé Sandrine , Musto Pellegrino , Yong Kwee , Mai Elias K. , Dubin Franck , Blade Joan , Capra Andrea , Cook Gordon , Bertsch Uta , Mateos María-Victoria , Boccadoro Mario , Jackson Graham H. , Gutiérrez Norma C. , Gay Francesca , Weinhold Niels 
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE
Survival for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has improved but outcomes remain heterogeneous. Consistent diagnostic identification of high-risk disease is desirable to address unmet patient need. The aim was to investigate the consistency of association of co-occurrence of high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCAs) with prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) and relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM), and across a range of treatment modalities.

METHODS
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of MM that reported testing for HRCA between January 1, 2000, and December 9, 2021, was performed. Groups were contacted and asked to locally perform a novel, federated analysis of their data for single hit (one HRCA) and double hit (≥two HRCAs), using a centrally provided algorithm. Analysis results were centrally collated and meta-analyzed to assess the hazard ratio (HR) for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for one/≥two HRCAs across patient subgroups using random-effects models.

RESULTS
Twenty-four trials including 13,926 patients were included. The median age of participants was 66.5 years (IQR, 59-72) and 56.5% were male (IQR, 52-60). The HR for PFS was 2.28 (95% CI, 2.05 to 2.54) for patients with ≥two HRCAs and 1.51 (95% CI, 1.38 to 1.65) for patients with one HRCA. The HR for OS was 2.94 (95% CI, 2.49 to 3.47) and 1.69 (95% CI, 1.52 to 1.88) for the two subgroups, respectively. In studies initiated since 2015, the effect abides (≥two HRCA PFS, HR, 2.39 [95% CI, 1.96 to 2.91]; OS, 3.10 [95% CI, 2.10 to 4.60]) both for NDMM and RRMM. Heterogeneity related to transplant eligibility and relapsed/refractory status was as expected.

CONCLUSION
The association of ≥two HRCAs with the poorest outcome in NDMM and RRMM, and across treatment modalities, as demonstrated here for the first time to our knowledge, allows for more focused development of novel approaches to these patients with high unmet need.
Evaluating clinical tools to monitor cardiovascular (CV) risk in men with localized high-risk or locally advanced prostate cancer (LHRPC) treated with hormone therapy (HT).
Authors: Venkatesh Neha , Chauhan Pankaj Kumar , Grewal Kabir , Aparicio Ana , Pilié Patrick Glen , Subudhi Sumit Kumar , Corn Paul Gettys , Siddiqui Bilal Ahmed , Zurita Amado J. , Frigo Daniel , Logothetis Christopher , Msaouel Pavlos , Koutroumpakis Efstratios , Hahn Andrew Warren 
Published: February 2025

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Background:
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) indirectly increase CV risk. There are no risk estimation tools specific to men with prostate cancer undergoing HT. Current practice utilizes tools designed for the general population, such as the AHA/ACC ASCVD risk score. Herein, we investigate the applicability of such general population risk tools in men receiving pre-operative HT for LHRPC.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of men with LHRPCa who received 6 months of pre-operative ADT + apalutamide +/- abiraterone on NCT. Cardiometabolic factors of interest were extracted from the electronic medical record, and ASCVD risk scores were calculated alongside metabolic syndrome (MetS) Z scores (calculated using ASCVD calculator
https://tools.acc.org/ldl/ascvd_risk_estimator/#!/calulate/estimator/
and metabolic syndrome severity calculator
https://metscalc.org/metscalc/
).
Results:
Sixty-four patients had data available to calculate baseline and end-of-treatment (EOT) ASCVD risk and MetS Z scores. Prior to initiation of HT, 46.8% of patients were on antihypertensive treatment, 11.3% had diabetes mellitus, and 45.2% were on lipid-lowering therapy. After 6 months of ADT + ARSI, the median change in ASCVD risk score was 0.95, and 21% of patients exhibited a clinically significant increase in ASCVD risk score of ≥ 2.5%. The median change in the metabolic syndrome Z score was -0.36, indicating a decrease in metabolic syndrome risk. 28% of all patients demonstrated an increase in metabolic syndrome risk after 6 months of HT.
Conclusions:
Despite the known association between HT and increased CV risk, most patients in this study did not experience a clinically meaningful increase in either ASCVD risk or MetS Z score. These findings suggest that general population risk estimation tools may not reflect temporal evolution of CV risk in patients undergoing HT. This study also highlights an unmet need for novel risk assessment tools specifically tailored to identify at-risk men among those treated with HT.