bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renoprotective Effects of Metformin and Its Relationship with Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetic Mice
Authors: Wenjie Wen , Qilun Zhang , shuangjie Bi , Jingfan Xue , Xiaoying Wu , Wan Zhou , Wei Wang , Shandong Ye 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress has previously been shown to play critical roles in the development of diabetes and its complications. The purpose of this research was to observe the reno-protective effect of metformin and its effect on oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic mice renal tissue.Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus mice model was established by High-fat feed combined with small-dose STZ and randomly divided into diabetes model group, Metformin [MET, 250mg/(kg.d)] group, Glibenclamide (GLIB) [GLIB, 2.5mg/(kg.d)] group, and normal control group (NC). After 8 weeks of intervention, blood and urine samples were collected for detection of FBG, HbA1c, urine albumin (Alb), retinol-binding protein (RBP), podocalyxin (PCX), 8-OHdG, 8-iso-PG, and creatinine (Cr). Renal tissue specimens were preserved for observing renal glomerular basement membrane thickness (GBMT) and foot process fusion rate (FPFR) under electron microscopy.Results: Compared with the NC group, FBG, HbA1c, urinary Alb/Cr (UACR), RBP/Cr (URCR), PCX/Cr (UPCR), 8-OHdG /Cr (UOHCR), and 8-iso-PG /Cr (UISOCR) significantly increased in the T2DM group (P <0.05). Compared with the T2DM group, FBG, HbA1c, UACR, URCR, UPCR, UOHCR, and UISOCR were significantly reduced in the GLIB group and MET group (P <0.05). Compared to the GLIB group, UACR, URCR, UPCR, UOHCR, and UISOCR decreased in the MET group (P <0.05), but FBG and HbA1c were not differenced statistically between the two groups. GBMT and FPFR increased in the T2DM group (P <0.05), which were reduced in the MET group and lighter than those in the GLIB group (P <0.05).Conclusion: Metformin intervention can play a reno-protective effect in type 2 diabetic mice, which may be related to its effect in inhibiting enhanced oxidative stress in vivo.
Time-Based Factory Efficiency Analysis | I.C. Engine Assembly Line
Authors: Tailony Rauf , Tailony Ishaq 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cold test stations are commonly arranged as sequential processes along a complete engine production line. The production line consists of several stations for engine building purposes, and before the engine exits the production line it passes through different validation and testing stations, such as leak testing stations, piston protrusion stations (known as torque to turn stations), and cold test stations. Each of these stations has a sequence of operation that is performed automatically or semi-automatic with the support of an operator. The waiting time until the engine finishes the operation in one station is called “cycle time”. The longer the cycle time the less efficient the production line. Cold testing stations are considered the most complicated and time-consuming, yet important test stations for engine and powertrain development. The lengthy cycle time affects the overall efficiency of the production line. This paper investigates the problem of the cycle time difference between consequent stations and its effect on the overall efficiency of the factory. New techniques and operations research methods are introduced aiming to recover from such a manufacturing obstacle. This research is investigating the limitations of a manufacturing operation standpoint. Each test station is treated as a block that simulates the actual station, and the overall factory workflow is described. Time-based equations governing block time, idling time, and utilization of the system are introduced, and the factory efficiencies are calculated and compared. After identifying the problem, a practical solution is explained.
Wideband Spectrum Sensing Based on Advanced Sub-Nyquist Sampling Structure
Authors: Wang Xue , Chen Qian , Jia Min , Gu Xuemai 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As the bandwidth increases, the high-speed sampling rate becomes the bottleneck for the development of wideband spectrum sensing. Wideband spectrum sensing with sub-Nyquist sampling attracts more attention and modulated wideband converter (MWC) is an attractive sub-Nyquist sampling system. For the purpose of breaking the system structure limit, an advanced sub-Nyquist sampling framework is proposed to simplify the MWC system structure, adopting the single sampling channel structure with a frequency shifting module to acquire the sub-Nyquist sampling values. In order to recover the signal support information, the sensing matrix must be built according to the only one mixing function. Most existing support recovery methods rely on some prior knowledge about the spectrum sparsity, which is difficult to acquire in practical electromagnetic environment. To address this problem, we propose an adaptive residual energy detection algorithm (ARED), which bypasses the need for the above-mentioned prior knowledge. Simulation results show that, without requiring the aforementioned prior knowledge, the ARED algorithm, which is based on the advanced sub-Nyquist sampling framework, has the similar performance as MWC and even higher than MWC in some cases.
Analysis of the Early Clinical Effect of Simultaneous Ipsilateral Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in the Treatment of End-stage Hemophilic Arthritis
Authors: Peng Xu , Chen Shirong , Cheng Xiangjun , Xie Xiaowei , Nie Mao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of simultaneous ipsilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the treatment of advanced hemophilic arthritis. Methodthe clinical data of 8 patients with advanced hemophilic arthritis, with ages of 31.6±6.2 years (ranging from 25-38 years, who underwent ipsilateral THA and TKA at the ** Hospital from January 2018 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 6 cases of hemophilia A and 2 cases of hemophilia B. The preoperative level of coagulation factor VIII was 1.8(±1.3)%，activated partial prothrombin time (aPTT) was 131.2 (±35.3) s. A comparison of the Harris score before and 0.3-1 year after operation was performed to evaluate hip function, American hospital for special surgery (HSS) knee score and American Knee society score (KSS) score. ResultDuring the follow-up period of 1.4 (± 1.1) years, no intra-articular bleeding and skin dehiscence were found in the early postoperative period, and no joint infection, bleeding, prosthesis loosening and sinking were found in the last follow-up visit. The Harris score increased from 16.8 (± 4.4) preoperatively to 77.6 (± 7.1) postoperatively, HSS knee score increased from 41.8 (± 4.2) preoperatively to 76.0 (± 5.8) postoperatively, the clinical KSS increased from 35.6 (± 10.8) preoperatively to 79.2 (± 6.9) postoperatively. The KSS increased from 22.8 (± 8.4) preoperatively to 72.0 (± 5.9) postoperatively at the last follow-up visit. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionsIpsilateral THA and TKA in the treatment of advanced hemophilic arthritis can effectively relieve pain, and improve hip and knee joint function, as well as the quality of life, and can thus be recommended as a safe and effective measure for the treatment of advanced hemophilic arthritis.
Hydrogen Isotope Effect on Self-Organized Radial Electric Field Criticality During Electron Internal Transport Barrier Formation in Toroidal Plasmas
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuya , Shimizu Akihiro , Nishiura Masaki , Ido Takeshi , Satake Shinsuke , Tokuzawa Tokihiko , Tsujimura Toru , Nagaoka Kenichi , Ida Katsumi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Self-organized structure formation in magnetically confined plasmas is one of the most attractive subjects in modern experimental physics. Nonequilibrium media are known to often exhibit phenomena that cannot be predicted by superposition of linear theories. One representative example of such phenomena is the hydrogen isotope effect in fusion plasmas, where the larger the mass of the hydrogen isotope fuel is the better the plasma confinement becomes, contrary to what simple scaling models anticipate. In this article, threshold condition of a plasma structure formation is shown to have a strong hydrogen isotope effect. To investigate the underlying mechanism of this isotope effect, the electrostatic potential is directly measured by a heavy ion beam probe. It is elucidated that the positive radial electric field structure can be driven by less input power normalized by plasma density in plasmas with larger isotope mass across the structure formation.
Anatomical Patterns of the Nasopalatine Canal and Incisive Foramen in an African Setting – a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sarna Krishan , Estreed Merna Akram , Sonigra Khushboo Jayant , Amuti Thomas , Opondo Florence , Kamau Martin , Ngeow Wei Cheong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Surgical procedures revolving around the anterior maxilla are of great interest due to their debilitating facial aesthetics and nerve injury effects if complications arise. Hence, sufficient knowledge concerning the morphology and morphometry of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) and incisive foramen (IF) is necessary to prevent such complications from arising. Materials and Methods: Measurements of the NPC and the IF were carried out on 150 CBCT scans. The maxillary bone thickness anterior to the NPC was measured at 3 levels. Independent t-test and chi-square test were performed to determine the presence of sexual dimorphism. Results: The presence of one Stenson’s foramen was most prevalent. The mean length of NPC was 13.21 ± 3.25 mm with significantly longer canals in males. The most prevalent shape of NPC was cylindrical in sagittal view and a single canal in coronal view. The mean angulation of NPC was 118.42° to the horizontal plane. The average dimensions of the IF were 3.53 mm and 3.07 mm in the anteroposterior and mediolateral diameter respectively while the most common shape was round. The anterior maxillary bone was thicker in males and generally reduced in thickness from the anterior nasal spine superiorly towards the alveolar crest inferiorly. Conclusion: This study highlights the anatomical characteristics of the NPC and IF, with significant sexual dimorphism observed regarding the number of Stenson’s foramina, length of NPC, shapes of the NPC and IF as well as alveolar bone thickness anterior to NPC.
Tailoring Optical Bistability In Nonlinear Photonic Crystals Based on Metallic Nanoparticles And Graphene
Authors: Naseri Tayebeh , Adl Hamid Pashaei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, we revisit the optical response of a one-dimensional photonic crystal consisting of graphene monolayers and a plasmonic nanocomposite as a defect layer in the structure. By taking advantage of the modified transfer matrix approach, the analytical solution of the light transmission and field distribution of the photonic crystal are evaluated. Besides, by considering one of the layers as a Kerr-nonlinear medium, we delve into optical bistability phenomenon in the model for two different cases. Our numerical results reveal that the proposed photonic crystal can enhance the field distribution and reduce the optical bistability’s threshold in comparison to the conventional photonic crystals. Furthermore, the optical bistable switch-up and switch-down thresholds of the proposed resonator can be tailored flexibly by plasmon-plasmon interactions in the defect layer. Finally, the electric field distribution amelioration and optical bistability by means of graphene layers in the structure are attainable. The influences of the parameters such as the graphene and the nanocomposite on the performance of OB are analyzed and compared in the two different cases. Therefore, present approach can lay the groundwork for designing highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance biosensors and switches where the proposed technique may find unprecedented capabilities.
Evaluation of Microwave-Assisted Organic Acid Separation of Organic Sulfur from High Sulfur Coal
Authors: Jiang Chaoshun , Liu Jin , Hao Shen , Pang Zheng , Wang Zhi , Li Ping , Xing Xing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To explore the feasibility of organic acid removal of organic sulfur from high sulfur coal, three organic acids, oxalic acid, citric acid and ascorbic acid, were selected as desulfurization reagents. Combined with microwave irradiation technology, desulfurization experiments of high-sulfur coal treated with nitric acid were conducted. The orthogonal experimental results showed that microwave synergistic citric acid desulfurization had a better desulfurization effect. The removal rate of organic sulfur was 55.47% when the operation conditions of the reaction were 1 mol/L, 90 ℃ and 1000 W for 7 min. The desulfurization efficiency of oxalic acid and ascorbic acid was not good, and the removal efficiencies of organic sulfur were 32.35% and 21.37%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that sulfones and sulfoxides were partially reduced and that the removal effect of thiophene was poor. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the mercapto group in the mercaptan combined with hydrogen ions and escaped in the form of H2S. The content of aromatic thioether and aromatic thiol in the coal treated with microwave irradiation was only 0.1%. Research indicates that microwave-assisted organic acid removal of organic sulfur is feasible, and researchers can explore more efficient organic acids as desulfurization reagents based on this study.
Evaluation of a multisite weather generator on precipitation simulation in the Yangtze river basin
Authors: Li Yu , Zeng Xin-Min , Guo Jiali 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the evaluation of a multisite statistical weather generator (MulGETS: Multisite weather Generator of École de Technologie Supérieure) based on its simulation effect of precipitation in the Yangtze River Basin. MulGETS effectively generates spatially correlated sequences of precipitation simultaneously, while maintaining their spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. On the spatial scales, the accuracy of the model varies from station to station, and in general, the errors are lower at stations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin than in the upper reaches. This difference is likely to exist because of the lower amount of rainfall and more complex topography than those of the upper river basins. On the temporal scales, the simulated values are more precise on the annual scale than on the seasonal scale. Large relative errors occur more frequently in winter, ranging from −35% to 25%. MulGETS can consistently produce precipitation by considering the intensity, magnitude, and duration indices with sub-basin varied observations. However, the precipitation maxima were much lower than the observations. This work shows the general reasonability of the model in downscaling precipitation in the Yangtze River Basin.
Felix saeculum Cracoviae – Krakow’s happy age: legend and reality
Authors: Łatak Kazimierz 
Published: December 2021

This article is a reflection on the phenomenon referred to in Polish historiography as felix saeculum Cracoviae, i.e., Krakow’s happy age. The concept first appeared in the mid-16th century, in a hagiography of blessed Michał Giedroyć (+1489) written by Jan of Trzciana, a professor at the University of Krakow. It was directly associated with a group of six saints/clerics who lived and worked in 15th century Krakow metropolitan area: Jan Kanty, Izajasz Boner, Szymon of Lipnica, Stanisław Kazimierczyk, Michał Giedroyć and Świętosław Milczący. In the early 17th century, the notion laid the foundation for a multi-layer hagiographic construct, which with time began to be used also in reference to the city’s 15th century history, presented as a remarkable period of thriving religious life and a “great era in its spiritual history”. However, an in-depth study of the phenomenon leaves no doubt that the ‘happy age’ is only a beautiful legend far removed from historical reality.
Therapeutic Effects of Physical Exercise and the Mesenchymal Stem Cell
Secretome by Modulating Neuroinflammatory Response in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Cucarián Jaison Daniel , González Lina María , Ospina Laura Natalia , Sperling Laura Elena , Chaparro Orlando 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative, demyelinating, and chronic inflammatory
disease characterized by Central Nervous System (CNS) lesions that lead to high levels of disability
and severe physical and cognitive disturbances. Conventional therapies are not enough to control
the neuroinflammatory process in MS and are not able to inhibit ongoing damage to the CNS.
Thus, the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-S) has been postulated as a potential therapy
that could mitigate symptoms and disease progression. We considered that its combination with
physical exercise (EX) could induce superior effects and increase the MSC-S effectiveness in this
condition. Recent studies have revealed that both EX and MSC-S share similar mechanisms of action
that mitigate auto-reactive T cell infiltration, regulate the local inflammatory response, modulate
the proinflammatory profile of glial cells, and reduce neuronal damage. Clinical and experimental
studies have reported that these treatments in an isolated way also improve myelination, regeneration,
promote the release of neurotrophic factors, and increase the recruitment of endogenous
stem cells. Together, these effects reduce disease progression and improve patient functionality.
Despite these results, the combination of these methods has not yet been studied in MS. In this
review, we focus on molecular elements and cellular responses induced by these treatments in a separate
way, showing their beneficial effects in the control of symptoms and disease progression in
MS, as well as indicating their contribution in clinical fields. In addition, we propose the combined
use of EX and MSC-S as a strategy to boost their reparative and immunomodulatory effects in this
condition, combining their benefits on synaptogenesis, neurogenesis, remyelination, and neuroinflammatory
response. The findings here reported are based on the scientific evidence and our professional
experience that will bring significant progress to regenerative medicine to deal with this
condition.
Anti-cancer Research on Arnebiae radix-derived Naphthoquinone in Recent
Five Years
Authors: Ma Shengjun , Cai Wei , Zhu Lian , Li Kailin , Liu Mingjuan , Liu Kexin 
Published: December 2021

Background:
In recent years, many naphthoquinone compounds with anticancer activity
have been identified in Arnebiae Radix, and some of them have the potential to be developed into
anticancer drugs.

Objective:
This article aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the anticancer effects of
naphthoquinone compounds through a detailed review of literature and Chinese patents, and discuss
their potential to be developed as anticancer drugs for clinical application.

Methods:
Research papers were collected through the databases of PubMed, Cnki and SciDirect using
keyword searches “naphthoquinone compounds” and “anticancer”. The keywords of
“shikonin” and “shikonin derivatives” were also used in PubMed, Cnki and SciDirect databases to
collect research articles. The Chinese patents were collected using the Cnki patent database.

Results:
Naphthoquinone compounds have been found to possess anti-cancer activity, and their
modes of action are associated with inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, promoting
autophagy in cancer cells, anti-cancer angiogenesis and inhibition of cell adhesion, invasion
and metastasis, inhibiting glycolysis and inhibiting DNA topoisomerase activity.

Conclusion:
Most of the naphthoquinone compounds show effective anti-cancer activity in vitro.
The structure modification of naphthoquinone aims to develop anti-cancer drugs with high efficacy
and low toxicity.
Aqueous Extract of Brassica rapa Exerts Antihyperglycemic Activity in
Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Bouadid Ismail , Amssayef Ayoub , Lahrach Nadia , El-Haidani Ahmed , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: December 2021

Aims:
The aim of the study was to assess the antihyperglycemic effect of Brassica rapa.

Background:
Brassica rapa (turnip) is used as an antidiabetic plant.

Objective:
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of Brassica rapa seeds
(AEBRS) on glycemia in vivo.

Methods:
The effect of AEBRS (60 mg/kg) on glycemia and lipid profiles was evaluated. Besides,
preliminary phytochemical analysis and the in vitro antioxidant effect were evaluated.

Results:
AEBRS caused a significant reduction in blood glucose levels in diabetic rats (p<0.0001).
In contrast, no significant effect was observed on lipid profiles, whereas antioxidant potential of
this extract has been shown. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of many important phytochemical
families.

Conclusion:
The present study shows that AEBRS has a potent antihyperglycemic ability in diabetic
rats.
Quality of Life and Multilevel Contact Network Structures Among Healthy Adults in Taiwan: Online Participatory Cohort Study
Authors: Yen Tso-Jung , Chan Ta-Chien , Fu Yang-Chih , Hwang Jing-Shiang 
Published: December 2021

Background
People’s quality of life diverges on their demographics, socioeconomic status, and social connections.

Objective
By taking both demographic and socioeconomic features into account, we investigated how quality of life varied on social networks using data from both longitudinal surveys and contact diaries in a year-long (2015-2016) study.

Methods
Our 4-wave, repeated measures of quality of life followed the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life scale (WHOQOL-BREF). In our regression analysis, we integrated these survey measures with key time-varying and multilevel network indices based on contact diaries.

Results
People’s quality of life may decrease if their daily contacts contain high proportions of weak ties. In addition, people tend to perceive a better quality of life when their daily contacts are face-to-face or initiated by others or when they contact someone who is in a good mood or someone with whom they can discuss important life issues.

Conclusions
Our findings imply that both functional and structural aspects of the social network play important but different roles in shaping people’s quality of life.