bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of local anaesthesia and cryosurgery for eyelid masses in dogs
Authors: Han Myung‐Gyun , Kim Joon‐Young 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundEyelid mass removal and cryotherapy application using only local anaesthesia and restraint may benefit patients with high anaesthesia risks.ObjectiveTo evaluate and validate cryosurgery application using the CryoPen XL® on palpebral masses under local anaesthesia for patients not suitable for general anaesthesia.MethodsThirty patients underwent the procedure between November 2015 and April 2020. The procedure steps were as follows: skin preparation and local anaesthesia of the affected eyelid; debulking by resection and/or squeezing out the inspissated material; cryosurgery and post‐operative care using topical medication, antibiotics and anti‐inflammatory ointment. The medical records of the patients who underwent the operation were evaluated. Moreover, a telephonic survey with the pet owners was performed to determine recurrence, time to recurrence, survivability and side effects.ResultsAmong the 30 owners, 29 responded to the survey. Ten (10/38, 26.3%) masses recurred with an average time to recurrence of 6.0 months. The estimated average depths for all, non‐recurred, and recurred masses were 1.89, 1.88 and 1.90 mm, respectively. The average recurrence rate and time to recurrence were higher and earlier, respectively, than previously reported values. However, no patient presented intra‐ or post‐operative complications.ConclusionThese findings suggest that local anaesthesia and cryosurgery using the CryoPen XL® can be used in patients with eyelid masses who are not suitable for general anaesthesia. Compared with the surgical eyelid mass removal and blepharoplasty procedure, the reported procedure is time‐ and cost‐effective, with the additional benefit of not requiring general anaesthesia.
Haematogenous synovial sepsis of the digital flexor tendon sheath following contralateral limb foot abscessation in a horse
Authors: Byrne Christian A. , Tannahill Victoria J. , Voute Lance C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA 5‐year‐old Shire mare was presented for investigation of severe right hindlimb lameness and was diagnosed with extensive right hind subsolar and submural foot abscessation. The mare developed severe contralateral limb lameness 11 days following right hind abscess debridement, with investigation revealing synovial sepsis of the left hind digital flexor tendon sheath. Synovial sepsis persisted despite aggressive surgical and medical treatment, resulting in euthanasia. Microbial culture of synovial fluid isolated Bacteroides sp., consistent with haematogenous synovial sepsis. This is the first report to describe haematogenous synovial sepsis as a cause of contralateral limb lameness during the management of foot abscessation in the horse.
Can One Hear a Matrix? Recovering a Real Symmetric Matrix from Its Spectral Data
Authors: Macia̧żek Tomasz , Smilansky Uzy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe spectrum of a real and symmetric$$N\times N$$N×Nmatrix determines the matrix up to unitary equivalence. More spectral data is needed together with some sign indicators to remove the unitary ambiguities. In the first part of this work, we specify the spectral and sign information required for a unique reconstruction of general matrices. More specifically, the spectral information consists of the spectra of theNnested main minors of the original matrix of the sizes$$1,2,\ldots ,N$$1,2,…,N. However, due to the complicated nature of the required sign data, improvements are needed in order to make the reconstruction procedure feasible. With this in mind, the second part is restricted to banded matrices where the amount of spectral data exceeds the number of the unknown matrix entries. It is shown that one can take advantage of this redundancy to guarantee unique reconstruction ofgenericmatrices; in other words, this subset of matrices is open, dense and of full measure in the set of real, symmetric and banded matrices. It is shown that one can optimize the ratio between redundancy and genericity by using the freedom of choice of the spectral information input. We demonstrate our constructions in detail for pentadiagonal matrices.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Molecular Subgroups in Pediatric H3 K27M Mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma
Authors: Hohm Annika , Karremann Michael , Gielen Gerrit H. , Pietsch Torsten , Warmuth-Metz Monika , Vandergrift Lindsey A. , Bison Brigitte , Stock Annika , Hoffmann Marion , Pham Mirko , Kramm Christof M. , Nowak Johannes 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Recent research identified histone H3 K27M mutations to be associated with a dismal prognosis in pediatric diffuse midline glioma (pDMG); however, data on detailed MRI characteristics with respect to H3 K27 mutation status and molecular subgroups (H3.1 and H3.3 K27M mutations) are limited.

Methods
Standardized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters and epidemiologic data of 68 pDMG patients (age <18 years) were retrospectively reviewed and compared in a) H3 K27M mutant versus H3 K27 wildtype (WT) tumors and b) H3.1 versus H3.3 K27M mutant tumors.

Results
Intracranial gliomas (n = 58) showed heterogeneous phenotypes with isointense to hyperintense signal in T2-weighted images and frequent contrast enhancement. Hemorrhage and necrosis may be present. Comparing H3 K27M mutant to WT tumors, there were significant differences in the following parameters: i) tumor localization (p = 0.001), ii) T2 signal intensity (p = 0.021), and iii) T1 signal homogeneity (p = 0.02). No significant imaging differences were found in any parameter between H3.1 and H3.3 K27M mutant tumors; however, H3.1 mutant tumors occurred at a younger age (p = 0.004). Considering spinal gliomas (n = 10) there were no significant imaging differences between the analyzed molecular groups.

Conclusion
With this study, we are the first to provide detailed MR imaging data on H3 K27M mutant pDMG with respect to molecular subgroup status in a large patient cohort. Our findings may support diagnosis and future targeted therapeutic trials of pDMG within the framework of the radiogenomics concept.
Some explicit solutions of the three-dimensional Euler equations with a free surface
Authors: Martin Calin I. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe present a family of radial solutions (given in Eulerian coordinates) to the three-dimensional Euler equations in a fluid domain with a free surface and having finite depth. The solutions that we find exhibit vertical structure and a non-constant vorticity vector. Moreover, the flows described by these solutions display a density that depends on the depth. While the velocity field and the pressure function corresponding to these solutions are given explicitly through (relatively) simple formulas, the free surface defining function is specified (in general) implicitly by a functional equation which is analysed by functional analytic methods. The elaborate nature of the latter functional equation becomes simpler when the density function has a particular form leading to an explicit formula of the free surface. We subject these solutions to a stability analysis by means of a Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) ansatz.
Closure relations of Newton strata in Iwahori double cosets
Authors: Trentin Stefania , Viehmann Eva 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe consider the Newton stratification on Iwahori double cosets for a connected reductive group. We prove the existence of Newton strata whose closures cannot be expressed as a union of strata, and show how this is implied by the existence of non-equidimensional affine Deligne–Lusztig varieties. We also give an explicit example for a group of type $$A_4$$

A
4

.
Passive-Sampler-Based Bioavailability Assessment of PCB Congeners Associated with Aroclor-Containing Paint Chips in the Presence of Sediment
Authors: Lotufo Guilherme R. , Gidley Philip T. , McQueen Andrew D. , Moore David W. , Edwards Deborah A. , Hardenstine Jeffery , Uhler Allen D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis is the first investigation of the bioavailability of PCBs associated with paint chips (PC) dispersed in sediment. Bioavailability of PCB-containing PC in sediment was measured using ex situ polyethylene passive samplers (PS) and compared to that of PCBs from field-collected sediments. PC were mixed in freshwater sediment from a relatively uncontaminated site with no known PCB contamination sources and from a contaminated site with non-paint PCB sources. PC < 0.045 mm generated concentrations in the PS over one order of magnitude higher than coarser chips. The bioavailable fraction was represented by the polymer-sediment accumulation factor (PSAF), defined as the ratio of the PCB concentrations in the PS and organic carbon normalized sediment. The PSAF was similar for both field sediments. The PSAFs for the field sediments were ~ 50–60 and ~ 5 times higher than for the relatively uncontaminated sediment amended with PC for the size fractions 0.25–0.3 mm and < 0.045 mm, respectively. These results indicate much lower bioavailability for PCBs associated with PC compared to PCBs associated with field-collected sediment. Such information is essential for risk assessment and remediation decision-making for sites where contamination from non-paint PCBs sources is co-located with PCB PC.
DTYMK is essential for genome integrity and neuronal survival
Authors: Vanoevelen Jo M. , Bierau Jörgen , Grashorn Janine C. , Lambrichs Ellen , Kamsteeg Erik-Jan , Bok Levinus A. , Wevers Ron A. , van der Knaap Marjo S. , Bugiani Marianna , Frisk Junmei Hu , Colnaghi Rita , O’Driscoll Mark , Hellebrekers Debby M. E. I. , Rodenburg Richard , Ferreira Carlos R. , Brunner Han G. , van den Wijngaard Arthur , Abdel-Salam Ghada M. H. , Wang Liya , Stumpel Constance T. R. M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNucleotide metabolism is a complex pathway regulating crucial cellular processes such as nucleic acid synthesis, DNA repair and proliferation. This study shows that impairment of the biosynthesis of one of the building blocks of DNA, dTTP, causes a severe, early-onset neurodegenerative disease. Here, we describe two unrelated children with bi-allelic variants in DTYMK, encoding dTMPK, which catalyzes the penultimate step in dTTP biosynthesis. The affected children show severe microcephaly and growth retardation with minimal neurodevelopment. Brain imaging revealed severe cerebral atrophy and disappearance of the basal ganglia. In cells of affected individuals, dTMPK enzyme activity was minimal, along with impaired DNA replication. In addition, we generated dtymk mutant zebrafish that replicate this phenotype of microcephaly, neuronal cell death and early lethality. An increase of ribonucleotide incorporation in the genome as well as impaired responses to DNA damage were observed in dtymk mutant zebrafish, providing novel pathophysiological insights. It is highly remarkable that this deficiency is viable as an essential component for DNA cannot be generated, since the metabolic pathway for dTTP synthesis is completely blocked. In summary, by combining genetic and biochemical approaches in multiple models we identified loss-of-function of DTYMK as the cause of a severe postnatal neurodegenerative disease and highlight the essential nature of dTTP synthesis in the maintenance of genome stability and neuronal survival.
The retrocalcarine sulcus maps different retinotopic representations in macaques and humans
Authors: Arcaro Michael J. , Livingstone Margaret S. , Kay Kendrick N. , Weiner Kevin S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPrimate cerebral cortex is highly convoluted with much of the cortical surface buried in sulcal folds. The origins of cortical folding and its functional relevance have been a major focus of systems and cognitive neuroscience, especially when considering stereotyped patterns of cortical folding that are shared across individuals within a primate species and across multiple species. However, foundational questions regarding organizing principles shared across species remain unanswered. Taking a cross-species comparative approach with a careful consideration of historical observations, we investigate cortical folding relative to primary visual cortex (area V1). We identify two macroanatomical structures—the retrocalcarine and external calcarine sulci—in 24 humans and 6 macaque monkeys. We show that within species, these sulci are identifiable in all individuals, fall on a similar part of the V1 retinotopic map, and thus, serve as anatomical landmarks predictive of functional organization. Yet, across species, the underlying eccentricity representations corresponding to these macroanatomical structures differ strikingly across humans and macaques. Thus, the correspondence between retinotopic representation and cortical folding for an evolutionarily old structure like V1 is species-specific and suggests potential differences in developmental and experiential constraints across primates.
S-DFP: shifted dynamic fixed point for quantized deep neural network training
Authors: Sakai Yasufumi , Tamiya Yutaka 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Recent advances in deep neural networks have achieved higher accuracy with more complex models. Nevertheless, they require much longer training time. To reduce the training time, training methods using quantized weight, activation, and gradient have been proposed. Neural network calculation by integer format improves the energy efficiency of hardware for deep learning models. Therefore, training methods for deep neural networks with fixed point format have been proposed. However, the narrow data representation range of the fixed point format degrades neural network accuracy. In this work, we propose a new fixed point format named shifted dynamic fixed point (S-DFP) to prevent accuracy degradation in quantized neural networks training. S-DFP can change the data representation range of dynamic fixed point format by adding bias to the exponent. We evaluated the effectiveness of S-DFP for quantized neural network training on the ImageNet task using ResNet-34, ResNet-50, ResNet-101 and ResNet-152. For example, the accuracy of quantized ResNet-152 is improved from 76.6% with conventional 8-bit DFP to 77.6% with 8-bit S-DFP.
Board committees and non-financial information assurance services
Authors: García-Sánchez Isabel-María , Raimo Nicola , Amor-Esteban Víctor , Vitolla Filippo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study is to examine the role that the specialized committees, created within the board of directors, and the auditor play in relation to the hiring of a non-financial information assurance service and in relation to the choices of the assurance provider for such non-financial information. Specifically, this study analyses the effect of the independence and specialisation of the audit committee, the existence of a CSR committee, and the reputation of the financial auditor associated with its classification as Big4. The results indicate that those responsible for financial information do not show interest in contracting an assurance service, especially if it is realized by an accountant provider, except that the information is standardised according to the Global Reporting Initiative guidelines and the contracted service is comparable to the financial audit standards, has assurance for a reasonable/high level, and is carried out according to the ISAE3000 standard.
An Analysis of Spikes in Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) Data
Authors: Young Peter R. , Viall Nicholeen M. , Kirk Michael S. , Mason Emily I. , Chitta Lakshmi Pradeep 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) returns high-resolution images of the solar atmosphere in seven extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelength channels. The images are processed on the ground to remove intensity spikes arising from energetic particles hitting the instrument, and the despiked images are provided to the community. In this article, a three-hour series of images from the 171 Å channel obtained on 28 February 2017 was studied to investigate how often the despiking algorithm gave false positives caused by compact brightenings in the solar atmosphere. The latter were identified through spikes appearing in the same detector pixel for three consecutive frames. 1096 examples were found from the 900 image frames. These “three-spikes” were assigned to 126 dynamic solar features, and it is estimated that the three-spike method identifies 19% of the total number of features affected by despiking. For any ten-minute sequence of AIA 171 Å images there are around 37 solar features that have their intensity modified by despiking. The features are found in active regions, quiet Sun, and coronal holes and, in relation to solar surface area, there is a greater proportion within coronal holes. In 96% of the cases, the despiked structure is a compact brightening with a size of two arcsec or less, and the remaining 4% have narrow, elongated structures. By applying an EUV burst detection algorithm, we found that 96% of the events could be classified as EUV bursts. None of the spike events are rendered invisible by the AIA processing pipeline, but the total intensity over an event’s lifetime can be reduced by up to 67%. Users are recommended to always restore the original intensities in AIA data when studying short-lived or rapidly evolving features that exhibit fine-scale structure.
Systems epidemiology of metabolomics measures reveals new relationships between lipoproteins and other small molecules
Authors: Drenos Fotios 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction
The study of lipoprotein metabolism at the population level can provide valuable information for the organisation of lipoprotein related processes in the body. To use this information towards interventional hypotheses generation and testing, we need to be able to identify the mechanistic connections among the large number of observed correlations between the measured components of the system.

Objectives
To use population level metabolomics information to gain insight on their biochemical networks and metabolism.

Methods
Genetic and metabolomics information for 230 metabolic measures, predominately lipoprotein related, from a targeted nuclear magnetic resonance approach, in two samples of an established European cohort, totalling more than 9400 individuals analysed using phenotypic and genetic correlations, as well as Mendelian Randomisation.

Results
More than 20,500 phenotypic correlations were identified in the data, with almost 2000 also showing evidence of strong genetic correlation. Mendelian randomisation, provided evidence for a causal effect between 9496 pairs of metabolic measures, mainly between lipoprotein traits. The results provide insights on the organisation of lipoproteins in three distinct classes, the heterogeneity between HDL particles, and the association, or lack of, between CLA, glycolysis markers, such as glucose and citrate, and glycoproteins with lipids subfractions. Two examples for the use of the approach in systems biology of lipoproteins are presented.

Conclusions
Genetic variation can be used to infer the underlying mechanisms for the associations between lipoproteins for hypothesis generation and confirmation, and, together with biological information, to map complex biological processes.
Thermal convection with generalized friction
Authors: Straughan Brian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA model for thermal convection with generalized friction is investigated. It is shown that the linear instability threshold is the same as the global stability one. In addition, decay of the energy in the$$L^2$$L2norm is shown for the perturbation velocity and temperature fields. However, due to the presence of the generalized friction we establish exponential decay in the$$L^{\beta +1}$$Lβ+1norm for the perturbation temperature, where$$\beta >1$$β>1.
A new method to specify the mitigated acoustic test conditions from flight telemetry based on the equivalence of vibro-acoustic response
Authors: Shimazaki Shingo , Shi Qinzhong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGround acoustic tests using stationary sound pressure level spectrum have been conducted to verify the spacecraft survivability against acoustic environment acting on a spacecraft during launch, which is a non-stationary and random dynamic load. In general, a stationary spectrum used in ground acoustic test is traditionally determined by a method called maximax spectrum, which is the enveloped spectrum of time varying non-stationary short-time Fourier transform. However, the maximax spectrum is more or less an excessively conservative test condition because this spectrum focuses on processing of a time-varying acoustic signal itself to extract maximum value, rather than on how the vibro-acoustic response of an excited structure is. In this paper, a new method is proposed to specify a stationary spectrum equivalent to a structural vibro-acoustic response under a non-stationary and random acoustic environment based on extreme response spectrum and fatigue damage spectrum. This proposed method was applied to flight telemetry of both liquid- and solid-propellant launch vehicles developed by JAXA, to show its effect to mitigate the acoustic test conditions compared to the maximax spectrum while maintaining the equivalence of the structural vibro-acoustic response. Furthermore, the maximum predicted environment, which is the statistical upper percentiles of the flight telemetry of eight liquid-propellant launch vehicles, by the proposed method achieved a mitigation of about 2.5 and 6.8 dB in the extreme stress and cumulative fatigue, respectively, compared to the that which is calculated by the conventional maximax spectrum.
Impacts of climate warming on reindeer herding require new land-use strategies
Authors: Rosqvist Gunhild C. , Inga Niila , Eriksson Pia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractClimate in the Arctic has warmed at a more rapid pace than the global average over the past few decades leading to weather, snow, and ice situations previously unencountered. Reindeer herding is one of the primary livelihoods for Indigenous peoples throughout the Arctic. To understand how the new climate state forces societal adaptation, including new management strategies and needs for preserved, interconnected, undisturbed grazing areas, we coupled changes in temperature, precipitation, and snow depth recorded by automatic weather stations to herder observations of reindeer behaviour in grazing areas of the Laevas Sámi reindeer herding community, northern Sweden. Results show that weather and snow conditions strongly determine grazing opportunities and therefore reindeer response. We conclude that together with the cumulative effects of increased pressures from alternative land use activities, the non-predictable environmental conditions that are uniquely part of the warming climate seriously challenge future reindeer herding in northern Sweden.