bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of coccidiostatic Baycox on the course of coccidiosis in broiler chicken
Authors: Balicka-Ramisz A. , Laurans L. , Batko M. , Ramisz A. 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the research is to identify species of Eimeria spp. in chicken broilers suspected to be infected with coccidia and to determine the effect of coccidiostatics in the course of coccidiosis.Materials and methods. The study involved 20 six-week-old broiler chickens obtained from a farm heavily affected by coccidia (natural infection – a high oocyst incidence). Each group yielded 10 randomly picked chickens to be used in the experiment. The birds were divided into 2 groups 10 chickens each: control (I); Baycox-treated (II); Baycox was applied for 2 days in a concentration of 25 ppm in drinking water. Samples of broiler chickens’ droppings were tested qualitatively by the flotation method (Willis-Schlaaf) and then quantitatively by the McMaster technique. The chickens were killed 6 days post-treatment and their intestinal mean total lesion scores (MTLS) were graded 0 to 4 on an arbitrary scale described by Johnson and Reid (1970).Results and discussion. As a result of the research, six species of protozoa of the genus Eimeria were identified: E. acervulina, E. tenella, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. mivati, E. necatrix, while E. necatrix and E. maxima were the dominant species. This proves the presence of such species as E. mivati, E. acervulina (76.34%) in the anterior segment of the intestine and E. necatrix, E. maxima (83.34%) – in the middle segment of the small intestine. Infections of E. brunetti broilers amounted to 51.11%. The most pathogenic species of E. tenella residing in the cecum was found in 37.53%. MTLS in the group of chickens that received Baycox was 0.33. The post-treatment oocyst indices in the second group amounted to 1 (1–50 oocysts in 1 g of faeces), in the control group MTLS was very high (2,5), the oocyst index exceeding 3.
Major Fungal Contaminants of Mushrooms and Their Management
Authors: Ghimire Ashish , Pandey Krishna Raj , Joshi Yagya Raj , Subedi Sobita 
Published: June 2021

Mushrooms are known for several nutritional and medicinal benefits and are cultivated worldwide. Several fungal contaminants of mushrooms have been serving as the major restraining factor in the growing mushroom industry for a long time. Fungal contaminants like Trichoderma spp., Mycogone spp., Lecanicillium spp., Cladobotryum spp., Coprinus spp., Sependonium spp., Sclerotium rolfsii, and Cephalothecum roseum among many, are found to infect mushroom crops at different stages from spawn run period to maturation of fruiting bodies. These contaminants may reduce yield and/or degrade the quality of fruiting bodies of the mushroom causing economic losses. These contaminants are usually peculiar in terms of their symptomatology on the substrates, disease cycle, epidemiological requirements, and yield losses. Most of these contaminants come from poorly sterilized substrates. Several sterilization techniques like steam sterilization, hot water sterilization, alkalinization, bleaching, and chemical sterilization can be employed to eliminate pre-existing contaminants and each technique has its own relative advantage over others. Besides, biological control involving botanicals and live antagonists can also be used as prophylactic sterilant or as therapeutic sprays. Biological control measures are friendly to the environment and human health. Unlike chemical fungicides (used as sterilant or spray), biological control measures don’t inhibit mushroom mycelial growth and even don’t raise the problem of pesticide resistance in pathogens. Roguing out of infected mushroom fruiting bodies or beds, mushroom house sanitation, and management of vector population are also equally important in preventing the spread of the fungal diseases of mushrooms.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(2): 80-93
Antimicrobial Study of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) by Using Ageratina adenophora and its Characterization
Authors: Gautam Surendra K. , Baid Yasha , Magar Pabita Thapa , Binadi Tirtha Raj , Regmi Bishow 
Published: June 2021

Green chemistry refers to the design of chemical product and processes that reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous substances. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized successfully from AgNO3 through a simple green synthetic route using Ageratina adenophora leaf extract which acts as both reducing and capping agents. As synthesized AgNPs were characterized with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD study shows crystalline nature of silver nanoparticles and average particle size was calculated as 24 nm using Debye Scherrer equation. Functional group responsible for the reduction of silver ion was investigated using FTIR spectroscopy. Hydroxyl group, amine group, aliphatic amine group were detected from FTIR analysis. Further, the green synthesized nanoparticles were found to be highly toxic against bacteria: Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli showing zone of inhibition of 11 mm and 9 mm, respectively.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(2): 128-132.
Dialog a telewizyjna transmisja sportowa
Authors: Grochala Beata 
Published: June 2021

Przedmiotem badań artykułu jest tekst mówiony telewizyjnej transmisji sportowej, a zwłaszcza formy konwersacyjne, które dominują we współczesnym przekazie telewizyjnym. Z wybranych transmisji różnorodnych dyscyplin sportowych emitowanych we wrześniu i październiku 2020 r. wyekscerpowano materiał badawczy, który stanowi tekst komentarza prowadzonego przez dwie osoby – dziennikarza i eksperta bądź w konfiguracji dziennikarz–dziennikarz. W artykule rozpatrywany jest typ relacji komunikacyjnej pomiędzy nimi. Ponieważ mamy do czynienia z dwiema osobami, najbardziej naturalną formą wydaje się dialog. Jednak badania pokazują, że występują także inne formy komunikacyjne. Duety komentatorskie albo prowadzą profesjonalny dialog relacjonująco-komentatorski, albo ich wymiany przypominają reakcje rozemocjonowanych kibiców, albo pojawia się „monolog równoległy”, związany z prowadzeniem odrębnych narracji powiązanych tematycznie.
Lingua Receptiva: An Overview of Communication Strategies
Authors: Majdańska-Wachowicz Urszula , Steciąg Magdalena , Zábranský Lukáš 
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study is to examine communication strategies employed by the Polish and Czech speakers when communicating with each other in their native languages. In particular, the analysis refers to receptive intercultural communication. The material under investigation covers audio and visual recordings of semi-spontaneous dialogues. The pragmalinguistic research investigates the strategies which help achieve mutual intelligibility when using lingua receptiva. The findings prove how significant pragmatic aspects are when it comes to successful receptive intercultural communication.
Konceptualizacje KONIA a cel praktyczny internetowych apeli o darowizny na rzecz zwierząt
Authors: Sobstyl Katarzyna Anna 
Published: June 2021

Przedmiotem analiz w opracowaniu są apele o darowizny na rzecz zwierząt, zamieszczane w Internecie przez Fundację Centaurus. Działania językowe w obrębie tych tekstów są podporządkowane określonemu celowi – zebraniu pieniędzy potrzebnych na uratowanie życia konkretnemu koniowi przeznaczonemu na rzeź. Przeprowadzone badania przybliżają zarówno wzorzec gatunkowy apelu, jak i najczęstsze strategie stosowane przez nadawców w celu zjednania adresatów i nakłonienia ich do dokonywania wpłat. Istotne dla tych analiz wydaje się wykorzystanie metodologii językowego obrazu świata, pozwalającej na przedstawienie konceptualizacji zwierząt, którym poświęcane są te teksty. Obrazowanie wynikające z określonego punktu widzenia wpływa na zwiększenie siły illokucyjnej przekazu.
Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Driver Grabcar sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Memanipulasi Data Elektronik (Tinjauan Putusan Nomor 853/PID.SUS/2018/PNMKS)
Authors: Rahmayanti Rahmayanti , Naibaho Yosafat Antonius , Rahtan Andika 
Published: June 2021

Salah satu bentuk manipulasi data elektronik juga terjadi dalam dunia transportasi online. Subjek dalam hal ini adalah driver GrabCar. Normalnya seorang driver GrabCar mendapatkan dan menjalankan orderan yang diberikan oleh sistem aplikasi GrabCar apabila ada orderan kastamer yang masuk kedalam akun aplikasi driver GrabCar. Setiap orderan yang diselesaikan driver GrabCar mendapatkan poin. Poin inilah yang harus dikumpulkan dan dikejar si driver GrabCar untuk memperoleh target bonus insentif. Karena tantangan dalam memperoleh bonus insentif itu cukup berat maka si driver melakukan kecurangan dengan memanipulasi sistem order. Dengan demikian perbuatan itu jelas melanggar ketentuan hukum bahkan peraturan perusahaan GrabCar itu sendiri. Selain sanksi dari perusahaan Grab berupa putus mitra, pelaku dapat dikenai sanksi pidana sebagaimana diatur dalam undang-undang informasi dan transaksi elektronik.
Penelitian Formal Bukti Pemenuhan Kewajiban Penyetoran Pajak Penghasilan Final Pengalihan Hak atas Tanah dan/atau Bangunan
Authors: Lora Vivian , Mathon Bastari 
Published: June 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses dan gambaran mengenai ketentuan Penelitian Formal serta sekaligus menganalisa pertanggungjawaban Notaris/PPAT apabila timbul kurang bayar PPh Final PHTB. Masalah difokuskan pada peraturan mengenai Penelitian Formal. Guna mendekati masalah ini dipergunakan metode yuridis normatif yaitu menggambarkan, menelaah, dan menganalisis peraturan mengenai Penelitian Formal dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dalam hal terjadi kurang bayar pajak akibat kebenaran harga transakasi yang dicantumkan pada Surat Pernyataan PHTB maka pertanggungjawaban dibebankan kepada Wajib Pajak dan Penanggung Pajak karena kebenaran harga transaksi bukan merupakan tanggung jawab Notaris/PPAT. Kegiatan penelitian formal mengakibatkan penandatanganan akta menjadi tertunda karena penandatanganan akta tidak dapat dilaksanakan sebelum terbit Surat Keterangan Penelitian Formal.
Stressstrain state of cast-in-place and precast structure with loaded cast-in-place element
Authors: Koyankin A. A. , Mitasov V. M. 
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the strength analysis of cast-in-place and precast structures in accordance with regulatory documents, which require clarifications, since the properties of such structures distinguish them from conventional reinforced concrete structures. These properties include the beginning of the deformation process, ultimate strain, physical properties, and others. The strength analysis of cast-in-place and precast structure is conducted with regard to these properties.The proposed analysis is based on the load-bearing capacity exhaustion of deformed concrete or reinforcement and allows considering the different time of involvement in the deformation process of cast-in-place and precast structures as well different stress and strain properties of concrete. The experimental data are in good agreement with theoretical calculations.
Numerical simulation of subgrade soil deformation properties for prediction of earthquake resistance of structures
Authors: Sokolov M. V. , Prostov S. M. , Gerasimov O. V. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to predict the earthquake resistance in strengthening the subgrade soils of structures. Numerical simulation of the total increment of seismic intensity during the artificial transformation and strengthening of subgrade soils based on geomechanical modeling.Research methods: Classical mathematical methods for modeling subgrade soils in a plane nonlinear problem.Originality: A new approach is developed to determine the total increment of seismic intensity using the ratio between the subsidence values of building foundations and structures before and after soil strengthening. The paper presents the prediction results of changes in seismic resistance of real objects, based on engineering and geologi cal surveys and numerical computer models. It is shown that due to the transformation of subgrade soils, the earthquake resistance can be reduced by more than 0.5 points.Practical implication: This technique can be used to adjust the score for individual objects and map the boundaries of seismic zones.
Organizational aspects of territory development
Authors: Sborshchikov S. B. , Zhuravlev P. A. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The society development is characterized by changes in the technological structure, that make necessary to revise the existing solutions that affect all areas of the national economy in general, and the construction industry, in particular. Due to the increased requirements for comfort, safety and economy of the living environment, it is expedient to transform the urban planning solutions. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to study the organizational aspects of the territory development, paying special attention engineering and reengineering.Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis is used to perform the classification of services and works. Special attention is paid to the organizational aspects of engineering and the life cycle of urban planning solutions. As a hypothesis, it is assumed that the most effective solution of the society problems of comfort and safety of buildings, is reengineering based on the synthesis of the sustainable development and risk-based approach. Research implications:Engineering in construction is defined. Reengineering of urban planning solutions is shown as well as the possibility of synthesizing the concepts of sustainable development and risk-based approach. The dynamics of changes in the parameters of individual elements may not coincide with the nature of changes in the overall urban planning decision, which provides the emergence of areas of dangerous and uncomfortable living environment. This requires modernization of technical solutions or restoration of their material form, which is the subject of reengineering, which can be distributed over the life cycle of the urban planning solution and attributed to the land development.
Military towns for military-strategic function of Western Siberian towns (Omsk and Novo-Nikolaevsk) early in the 20th century
Authors: Chugunov E. V. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Exploration of military towns as one of the components of military strategy of the cities of Omsk and Novo-Nikolaevsk in the 19–20th centuries.Design/methodology/approach: Archival and literary sources, buildings of the military department, quite autonomous in Siberian cities corresponding to all functional purposes.Research findings: The influence of the militarystrategic plans of the Russian Empire on the spatial development of military-strategic aspect of construction of barrack complexes in urban development.Practical implications: The research results can be applied in further study of military towns in Omsk and Novo-Nikolayevsk Originality/ value: Research results show the history of construction and architecture of military buildings of the 41st, 43rd, 44th Siberian Rifle Regiments, which were part of the Omsk Military District (Siberian Military District from 1899 to 1906) and stationed in Omsk and Novo-Nikolaevsk.
Ruptured aneurysm–induced pituitary apoplexy: illustrative case
Authors: Yoshida Michiharu , Hiu Takeshi , Baba Shiro , Morikawa Minoru , Horie Nobutaka , Ujifuku Kenta , Yoshida Koichi , Matsunaga Yuki , Niino Daisuke , Xie Ang , Izumo Tsuyoshi , Anda Takeo , Matsuo Takayuki 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
Pituitary apoplexy associated with aneurysmal rupture is extremely rare and may be misdiagnosed as primary pituitary adenoma apoplexy. The authors present a case of a patient with pituitary apoplexy caused by rupture of an anterior cerebral artery aneurysm embedded within a giant pituitary adenoma, and they review the relevant literature.

OBSERVATIONS
A 78-year-old man experienced sudden headache with progressive vision loss. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a giant pituitary tumor with abnormal signal intensity. Magnetic resonance angiography immediately before surgery showed a right A1 segment aneurysm, suggesting coexisting pituitary apoplexy and ruptured aneurysm. The patient underwent urgent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary apoplexy. The tumor was partially removed, but the perianeurysmal component was left behind. Subsequent cerebral angiography showed a 5-mm right A1 aneurysm with a bleb that was successfully embolized with coils. Retrospective review of preoperative dynamic MRI showed extravasation of contrast medium from the ruptured aneurysm into the pituitary adenoma. Histopathologic examination showed gonadotroph adenoma with hemorrhagic necrosis. Postoperatively, the patient’s visual function improved.

LESSONS
MRI identification of pituitary apoplexy caused by aneurysmal rupture has not been reported previously. Aneurysmal rupture should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy. When a ruptured aneurysm is encountered, the authors recommend treating it before addressing pituitary apoplexy.
Spinal navigation applied to the anterior approach for the resection of thoracic disc herniation: patient series
Authors: Rusconi Angelo , Roccucci Paolo , Peron Stefano , Stefini Roberto 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND
Thoracic disc herniation (TDH) represents a challenge for spine surgeons. The goal of this study is to report the surgical technique and clinical results concerning the application of navigation to anterior transthoracic approaches.

OBSERVATIONS
Between 2017 and 2019, 8 patients with TDH were operated in the lateral decubitus by means of mini-open thoracotomy. An adapted patient referent frame was secured to the iliac wing. The high-speed drill was also navigated. Intraoperative three-dimensional scans were used for level identification, optimized drilling trajectory, and assessment of complete resection. At 12 months follow up, all patients were ambulatory. Seven out of 8 patients (87%) experienced a postoperative neurological improvement. We observed 2 postoperative complications: 1 case of pleural effusion and 1 case of abdominal wall weakness.

LESSONS
In order to increase the safety of anterior transthoracic discectomy, the authors applied the concepts of spinal navigation to the thoracotomy setting. The advantages of this technique include decrease in wrong-level procedure, continuous matching of intraoperative and navigation anatomical findings, better exposure of the TDH, optimized vertebral body drilling, and minimized risk of neurological damage. In conclusion, the authors consider spinal navigation as an important resource for the surgical treatment of patients with TDH.
Problems of mass distance learning in a pandemic
Authors: Christochevsky S. A. 
Published: June 2021

In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic affected the whole world, including Russia. The Russian government had to introduce emergency measures to combat the pandemic, including the transfer to distance learning of schoolchildren and students. In the context of a pandemic, it became necessary to urgently consider issues and problems of distance learning in educational organizations, primarily in secondary education organizations. Previously, none of the concepts of informatization of education even considered the massive transition to distance learning for schoolchildren and students.The article examines the readiness of educational organizations, parents and children for the massive use of distance learning, analyzes the problems that arise in the implementation of this form of education, including: the problem of choosing software and platforms for distance learning; problems associated with underdeveloped infrastructure; problems of the availability of electronic educational resources corresponding to the new learning conditions; problems of lack of online work experience for both teachers and schoolchildren; as well as other issues related to distance learning.The need is noted: switching the attention of researchers and developers of software and online platforms to research in the field of mass transition to distance learning at all age levels; the development of new distance online platforms and the processing of many electronic educational resources for new platforms; linking multimedia educational content to exemplary basic educational programs of primary, basic and secondary general education.
FRACTAL APPROACH TO THE USE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MATH LESSONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF TEACHING STOCHASTICS)
Authors: Polyakova A. Yu. 
Published: June 2021

The development of the information society has entailed the development and implementation into practice of educational institutions, in particular schools, numerous educational technologies based on information and communication technologies. Various methodologies and approaches to the study of modern educational technologies make it possible to determine how effective their application is in the learning process. We tried to reflect the potential of modern educational technologies in math lessons from the position of a still little-studied fractal approach to teaching. The application of a fractal approach in teaching is a relevant study of the present. Many scientists are engaged in the formulation and resolution of certain issues of this problematics. The educational process of general education institutions — schools, which should be built on each of the lessons in the context of a fractal approach, does not go unnoticed. Math lessons are no exception to this, so in the article we tried to indicate possible ways to implement a fractal approach to teaching schoolchildren mathematics. Namely, we presented a list of technologies that can be used in the course of educational activities. In addition, we described the methodological problems of a fractal approach to the use of educational technologies in the learning process. In the article, the methodological problems of the fractal approach to the use of educational technologies in the learning process are considered on the example of one of the lines of the school course in mathematics — probability-statistical, which has become the basis for the development of the entire complex of socio-economic sciences, as well as physics, biology, linguistics, chemistry, astronomy and many other areas. The article contains the author's definition of the concept of «fractal approach in teaching mathematics».
Toponomastica nostalgica. Il caso Granbassi a Trieste
Authors: Venza Claudio 
Published: June 2021

- The "Granbassi Case" exploded in Trieste after the decision of the Comunal council to re-name a public space in his honour. The honour of being a "fascist hero". Mario Granbassi (1907-1939) was a journalist of the «Piccolo», a local newspaper, but above all a propagandist of the fascist regime. He conducted a fortuitous radio transmission, in the early thirties, "Mastro Remo" aimed at children and young adults and founded a specialized weekly magazine. He died in Spain as a volenteer fighting on Franco's side and was awarded, not only the gold metal, but also the name of a street. A street that in 1946 resumed it's ancient name; that of Samuel Romanin, an historian wantingly canceled by the racial laws for being "non-arian". This past year has seen this continual controversy tighten between the council and the opponents who have written several letters and articles, organized press conferences and rallies in the contested site. The site consists of steps dedicated to Giuseppe Revere, a Trieste born jewish Mazzini follower.Key words: Granbassi, Trieste, the racial laws, toponymic, Fascism, Spanish Civil War.Parole chiave: Granbassi, Trieste, leggi razziali, toponomastica, fascismo, guerra civile spagnola.