bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autenticidade de amostras de Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek comercializadas em mercados de São Mateus, ES, Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Fabiane Fonseca , Zottele Livia , Ribeiro Izabela Ferreira , Oliveira Natane Sartor de , Reis Thassyane Rios , Aoyama Elisa Mitsuko , Menezes Luis Fernando Tavares de 
Published: July 2021

Maytenus ilicifolia (Celastraceae) é uma planta conhecida popularmente como “espinheira-santa”. A espécie é nativa da região sudeste do Brasil, se adapta melhor a climas quentes e é utilizada na medicina popular no tratamento de doenças estomacais. A fitoterapia, encontra-se em expansão no Brasil e no mundo e, devido a esta crescente busca e desordenada extração de plantas medicinais, muitos vendem espécies semelhantes como se fossem originais, comprometendo a real eficácia dos produtos utilizados. Nesse sentido, a comparação anatômica tem provado ser útil na diferenciação das espécies. Assim, o presente estudo visa avaliar a autenticidade de espinheira-santa comercializada em mercados de ervas de São Mateus-ES, por meio da caracterização de comparação anatômica foliar de amostras de M. ilicifolia in situ e comercializada. Os resultados obtidos mostram que as estruturas anatômicas foliares de M. ilicifolia in situ, comparadas com as amostras da Casa Natural e do Mercado Municipal, diferem-se quanto à disposição dos feixes vasculares na nervura central, quanto ao formato do pecíolo e presença ou ausência de grupos de fibras isolados no córtex. Por fim, diante da avaliação das amostras, pode-se observar que o material comercializado em mercado de ervas, possivelmente não condiz com a espécie M. ilicifolia.
EFFECTS OF PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE AND SODIUM AZIDE ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF SESAME ( Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: DALHA ABUBAKAR KABIRU , SANI ABDU LAWAN 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Sesame is an important source of income and edible oil particularly in sub-saharan Africa. Its cultivation is constrains by many factors including lack of improved varietiess, pests and disease and abiotic stresses. Creating genetic variability could provide a base upon which improvement could made. This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of Sodium Azide and Para-dichlorobenzene on Germination and Seedlings growth of three sesame varieties (Ex-sudan, E-8 and JAN-IRI). Pot experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018 seasons using completely randomized design (CRD). The treated seeds were planted and resulting plants (M0) were allowed to produce seeds. The seeds of the M0 were used in generating M1 plants which were used to evaluate the effect of the mutagens. Few days to germination were recorded in seeds treated with 3.0 mM So dium azide (3.0 days) or 3.0 mM Para-dichlorobenzene (3.0 days) in EX-SUDAN as well as seeds treated with 3.0 mM Sodium azide (3.0 days) in E-8. Percentage germination was significantly increased The highest shoot length was obtained when EX-SUDAN was treated with 2.0 mM (19.3cm) or 3.0 mM Sodium azide (18.2cm while highest root length was obtained when JAN-IRI and EX-SUDAN were treated with either 1.0 mM Para-dichlorobenzene (4.2cm) or 3.0 mM Sodium azide (3.8cm). The mutagens (Sodium azide and Para-dichlorobenzene) could be used to create variability for genetic improvement of Sesame.
A Reconsideration on the Theory of Beauty: Previous Views and a New Approach Following Maslow's Theory (Part II)
Authors: Lehene Iulia-Adina 
Published: July 2021

This paper is the second part of a work that aims to rethink the concept of beauty as close as possible to its essence and in a way that integrates the science of aesthetics with the field of construction. Within other theoretical and practical works, this study may be further used to physically reflect the definition of beauty in areas such as architecture, civil engineering or urban planning and support professionals in designing and building beautiful objects and constructions. However, it has to be added that the assumption that there must be a particular original aspect related to beauty that leads a human-made object to success, needs to be further identified. The approach to the concept of beauty is through a general philosophical perspective and partially through the areas mentioned above.The second part of the study includes the synthesised guidance provided by Monroe Beardsley through the theories on beauty from the nineteenth century until today. In addition, it comprises the scheme of concepts that characterised the beautiful in this time, including the lines that guided its study, previous ideas that support our later views on presented theory, and a brief exposition of Maslow's theory of human motivation followed by our theory on beauty and the conclusions.
Study of Hibiscus Rosasinensis as a Feedstock for Natural Colorant to Food
Authors: Akash Azmain A , Choudhury Fahim R , Hossain Iqbal 
Published: July 2021

The application of coloring to food is widespread around the globe. Some of the artificial food colorants are highly carcinogenic. Exploration of new natural colorants has therefore been under research. The present study was aimed to evaluate Hibiscus rosasinensis flower as a potential feedstock for natural colorant. Crude anthocyanin was first extracted from Hibiscus rosasinensis flower using a Soxhlet apparatus with ethanol as the solvent. Flower to solvent ratio was found to affect the extraction largely. A ratio of 1:20 was found to give the highest fraction of extract. The cytotoxicity of crude anthocyanin extract was subsequently determined by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test. The LC50 value for crude anthocyanin extract was 2332 μg/ml, which is higher than the required minimum threshold value. Hence the findings of present study would be useful towards the application of H. rosasinensis flower as a feedstock for natural colorant to food.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 32-36
Application and Performance Evaluation of Model Predictive Controllers on Driving Force Based Reactive Distillation Processes
Authors: Iftakher Ashfaq , Nahid Ahaduzzaman , Choudhury MAA Shoukat , Mansouri Seyed Soheil , Gani Rafiqul 
Published: July 2021

In this work, integrated design and control of Reactive Distillation (RD) column operating under Model Predictive Controller (MPC) is presented. At first, a design target is defined, and the RD column is designed based on the element concept at the maximum driving force. After that, the steady state simulation is carried out in ASPEN PLUS that satisfies the design target. Next, the flow driven dynamic system is linearized in ASPEN PLUS Dynamics and the state space matrices are obtained. Using the matrices, MPC closed-loop simulation is carried out in MATLAB. To quantify both the steady state and dynamic operation, a multi objective function is defined that takes into account both the design (total energy consumption, total carbon footprint), and the control performance (Integral Absolute Error, total variation of input, relative gain array, Niederlinski Index). For further verification, an alternative design based on non-maximal driving force is also obtained, and the corresponding steady state and dynamic simulation is performed. The closed-loop performance of MPC controller under feed disturbance shows that the process that is designed at the maximum driving force exhibit better control performance compared to the design alternative that does not take into account the maximum available driving force.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 49-53
Revitalisasi Cagar Budaya untuk Pengembangan Pariwisata di Kawasan van Dering Serukam
Authors: Beni Sabinus , Manggu Blasius , Sadewo Yosua Damas , Aquino Thomas 
Published: July 2021

ENGLISHThe hilltop is located at van Dering Hill commonly named van Dering Fortress by the nearest communities in Serukam Hamlet, Pasti Jaya Village, Samalatan Sub-district, Bengkayang District. This research aimed to describe the revitalization process of van Dering Fortress. This study used a qualitative approach. It carried on in the van Dering Serukam tourism area. Primary data were collected through interviews with community elders, village leader, and sub-district head. Next, the data were analyzed qualitatively. This study resulted that van Dering Fortress was broken about 90%. It happened for a long time since the Dutch have not left Serukam yet. Both local and central government have not yet to pay attention to van Dering Hilltop as a cultural heritage. The landowner of the location of Dutch Hilltop finally built a house on the foothill. This cultural heritage abandonment caused the loss of historical asset during Dutch colonization. Van Dering revitalization was assumed to bring positive impacts for tourism development in Bengkayang District. Then, it could increase the local government income, so that it can support economic growth and local development. INDONESIAPos intai Belanda yang terletak di Bukit Van Dering biasa disebut Benteng van Dering oleh masyarakat Dusun Se-rukam merupakan salah satu peninggalan sejarah yang terletak di Desa Pasti Jaya, Kecamatan Samalatan, Kabupaten Bengkayang. Tujuan penelitian adalah menggambarkan upaya revitalisasi Benteng van Dering. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan dilakukan di kawasan wisata van Dering Serukam. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan para tetua adat, kepala desa, dan camat. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cagar budaya Benteng van Dering berada pada kondisi rusak. Kondisi tersebut terjadi sudah sejak lama, dimana 90% Benteng van Dering sudah hancur, bahkan sebelum Belanda meninggalkan Dusun Serukam. Pemerintah, baik pusat maupun daerah belum memberikan perhatian terhadap revi-talisasi Benteng van Dering sebagai kawasan cagar budaya sejarah. Pemilik lahan tempat berlokasinya pos intai Bel-anda pada akhirnya membangun rumah di bawah kaki bukit. Apabila kondisi tersebut terus terjadi, dapat berdampak hilangnya jejak keberadaan aset bersejarah periode penjajahan Belanda. Revitalisasi Benteng van Dering di Bukit van Dering diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak positif bagi perkembangan pariwisata di Kabupaten Bengkayang. Se-lanjutnya, hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan pendapatan asli daerah sehingga mendukung pembangunan dan pertum-buhan ekonomi.
Minimum Effective Dose of Chlorantraniliprole and Chromafenozide to Control Oil Palm Bunch Moth Tirathana mundella Walker
Authors: KING PATRICIA JIE HUNG , SU CHONG MING , KWAN YEE MIN , AB AZIZ ZAKRY FITRI , ONG KIAN HUAT 
Published: July 2021

The bunch moth, Tirathaba mundella is one of the leading pests in oil palm estates established on peatland. Severely infested male inflorescences usually would fail reaching anthesis. Reduction in the number of inflorescences at anthesis stage would suggest less food source and breeding ground for oil palm pollinating weevils, Elaeidobius kamerunicus, thus, affecting the fruiting percentage of oil palm and its yield. Despite to be less detrimental to the environment, biopesticide usages in the field is losing favour due to its slower rate of kill compared with conventional chemical pesticides, shorter persistence in the environment and susceptibility to unfavourable environmental conditions. The use of high host specificity chemical pesticides, such as chlorantraniliprole and chromafenozide are gaining popularity in pest management regimes. In this study, the optimum dose for chlorantraniliprole and chromafenozide in controlling T. mundella was assessed to provide valuable information for sustainable oil palm pest management. Several dosages of pesticide were evaluated for their effectiveness against T. mundella in a 7-year-old oil palm estate for six months. Based on the results obtained, application of 30 g or 40 g active ingredient (a.i.) per ha chlorantraniliprole were recommended to provide the longest protection period. To make plan for an effective pest management that could reduce material and labour cost per ha as well as the risks in developing pesticide resistance among pest, 30 g a.i per ha of chlorantraniliprole is recommended to be rotated with 25 g a.i. per ha chromafenozide for a total of four rounds in a year.
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Diabetes-Related Chronic Kidney Disease From 1990 to 2019
Authors: Deng Yujiao , Li Na , Wu Ying , Wang Meng , Yang Si , Zheng Yi , Deng Xinyue , Xiang Dong , Zhu Yuyao , Xu Peng , Zhai Zhen , Zhang Dai , Dai Zhijun , Gao Jie 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem largely caused by diabetes. The epidemiology of diabetes mellitus–related CKD (CKD-DM) could provide specific support to lessen global, regional, and national CKD burden.MethodsData were derived from the GBD 2019 study, including four measures and age-standardized rates (ASRs). Estimated annual percentage changes and 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the variation trend of ASRs.ResultsDiabetes caused the majority of new cases and patients with CKD in all regions. All ASRs for type 2 diabetes–related CKD increased over 30 years. Asia and Middle socio-demographic index (SDI) quintile always carried the heaviest burden of CKD-DM. Diabetes type 2 became the second leading cause of CKD and CKD-related death and the third leading cause of CKD-related DALYs in 2019. Type 2 diabetes–related CKD accounted for most of the CKD-DM disease burden. There were 2.62 million incident cases, 134.58 million patients, 405.99 thousand deaths, and 13.09 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of CKD-DM worldwide in 2019. Age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and prevalence rate (ASPR) of type 1 diabetes–related CKD increased, whereas age-standardized death rate (ASDR) and DALY rate decreased for females and increased for males. In high SDI quintile, ASIR and ASPR of type 1 diabetes–related CKD remained the highest, with the slowest increase, whereas the ASDR and age-standardized DALY rate remained the lowest there. In high SDI quintile, ASIR of type 2 diabetes–related CKD was the highest, with the lowest increasing rate. In addition, type 2 diabetes–related CKD occurred most in people aged 80-plus years worldwide. The main age of type 2 diabetes–related CKD patients was 55–64 years in Asia and Africa. The prevalence, mortality, and DALY rate of type 2 diabetes–related CKD increased with age. As for incidence, there was a peak at 80 years, and after age of 80, the incidence declined. CKD-DM-related anemia was mainly in mild to moderate grade.ConclusionsIncreasing burden of CKD-DM varied among regions and countries. Prevention and treatment measures should be strengthened according to CKD-DM epidemiology, especially in middle SDI quintile and Asia.
A Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature Identified as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker for Colon Cancer
Authors: Qi Xin , Wang Rui , Lin Yuxin , Yan Donghui , Zuo Jiachen , Chen Jiajia , Shen Bairong 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundColon cancer (CC) is a common gastrointestinal malignant tumor with high heterogeneity in clinical behavior and response to treatment, making individualized survival prediction challenging. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent cell death that plays a critical role in cancer biology. Therefore, identifying a prognostic biomarker with ferroptosis-related genes provides a new strategy to guide precise clinical decision-making in CC patients.MethodsAlteration in the expression profile of ferroptosis-related genes was initially screened in GSE39582 dataset involving 585 CC patients. Univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO-penalized Cox regression analysis were combined to further identify a novel ferroptosis-related gene signature for overall survival prediction. The prognostic performance of the signature was validated in the GSE17536 dataset by Kaplan-Meier survival curve and time-dependent ROC curve analyses. Functional annotation of the signature was explored by integrating GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, GSEA analysis and ssGSEA analysis. Furthermore, an outcome risk nomogram was constructed considering both the gene signature and the clinicopathological features.ResultsThe prognostic signature biomarker composed of 9 ferroptosis-related genes accurately discriminated high-risk and low-risk patients with CC in both the training and validation datasets. The signature was tightly linked to clinicopathological features and possessed powerful predictive ability for distinct clinical subgroups. Furthermore, the risk score was confirmed to be an independent prognostic factor for CC patients by multivariate Cox regression analysis (p &lt; 0.05). Functional annotation analyses showed that the prognostic signature was closely correlated with pivotal cancer hallmarks, particularly cell cycle, transcriptional regulation, and immune-related functions. Moreover, a nomogram with the signature was also built to quantify outcome risk for each patient.ConclusionThe novel ferroptosis-related gene signature biomarker can be utilized for predicting individualized prognosis, optimizing survival risk assessment and facilitating personalized management of CC patients.
The Prognosis and Feasibility of Extensive Clinical Target Volume in Postoperative Radiotherapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Phase II Clinical Trial
Authors: Zhang Xiaofei , Ai Dashan , Wang Juanqi , Chen Yun , Liu Qi , Deng Jiaying , Yang Huanjun , Nie Yongzhan , Chen Weiwei , Zhao Weixin , Zhao Kuaile 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThis trial aims to explore the feasibility and safety of postoperative radiotherapy covering all regional lymph node areas for locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).MethodsThis was a single-center single-arm, phase II clinical trial initiated in 2014. Patients who were treated with radical transthoracic resection and had negative margins within 3 months and histologically confirmed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (pT3-4 or N+, M0 determined by the 7th edition of the AJCC guidelines) were recruited in this trial. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed with a total dose of 40 Gy in 20 fractions using IMRT. Clinical target volumes (CTVs) included the tumor bed, anastomosis, bilateral supraclavicular region, mediastinal lymph nodes, left gastric lymph nodes and celiac trunk lymph nodes. The primary endpoint was the 2-year local control rate, and the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and adverse events (AEs).ResultsA total of 70 eligible patients were recruited from 2014 to 2016. The 2-year local control rate, as the primary endpoint, was 67.3%. In addition, the median OS was 57.0 months, with 1-year and 3-year OS rates of 92.8% and 60.9%, respectively. Among the patients, 28/40 (40%) developed locoregional recurrence, with 25.7% involving hematogenous recurrences. All reported AEs occurred during the course of IMRT or within 6 months thereafter. None of them suffered grade 4 hematological or nonhematological AEs. Nearly all patients completed the entire course of postoperative radiotherapy, with a completion rate of 97.1%.ConclusionFor an extensive target volume, 40 Gy is feasible and shows acceptable toxicity in patients with locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, although the local recurrence rate is relatively high. Our findings provide a basis for further exploration of high-dose radiation with extensive CTV combined with chemotherapy.Clinical Trial Registration[http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&amp;term=NCT02384811&amp;cntry=&amp;state=&amp;city=&amp;dist=], identifier [NCT02384811].
Predicting Treatment Response of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Using Amide Proton Transfer MRI Combined With Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
Authors: Chen Weicui , Mao Liting , Li Ling , Wei Qiurong , Hu Shaowei , Ye Yongsong , Feng Jieping , Liu Bo , Liu Xian 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate amide proton weighted (APTw) MRI combined with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in predicting neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) response in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).Methods53 patients with LARC were enrolled in this retrospective study. MR examination including APTw MRI and DWI was performed before and after NCRT. APTw SI, ADC value, tumor size, CEA level before and after NCRT were assessed. The difference of the above parameters between before and after NCRT was calculated. The tumor regression grading (TRG) was assessed by American Joint Committee on Cancer’s Cancer Staging Manual AJCC 8th score. The Shapiro-Wilk test, paired t-test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test, two-sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and multivariate analysis were used for statistical analysis.ResultsOf the 53 patients, 19 had good responses (TRG 0-1), 34 had poor responses (TRG 2-3). After NCRT, all the rectal tumors demonstrated decreased APT values, increased ADC values, reduced tumor volumes and CEA levels (all p &lt; 0.001). Good responders demonstrated higher pre-APT values, higher Δ APT values, lower pre- ADC values and higher Δ tumor volumes than poor responders. Pre-APT combined with pre-ADC achieved the best diagnostic performance, with AUC of 0.895 (sensitivity of 85.29%, specificity of 89.47%, p &lt; 0.001) in predicting good response to NCRT.ConclusionThe combination of APTw and DWI may serve as a noninvasive biomarker for evaluating and identifying response to NCRT in LARC patients.
Efficacy and Safety of Leflunomide for Refractory COVID-19: A Pilot Study
Authors: Wang Qiang , Guo Haipeng , Li Yu , Jian Xiangdong , Hou Xinguo , Zhong Ning , Fei Jianchun , Su Dezhen , Bian Zhouyan , Zhang Yi , Hu Yingying , Sun Yan , Yu Xueyuan , Li Yuan , Jiang Bei , Li Yan , Qin Fengping , Wu Yingying , Gao Yanxia , Hu Zhao 
Published: July 2021

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may persist in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) despite receiving standard care.Methods: In this pilot study of hospitalized adult patients (≥18 years of age), with radiologically confirmed pneumonia who were SARS-CoV-2 positive for more than 28 days despite standard care, were assigned to receive standard of care (SOC, grp I) or leflunomide + SOC (grp 2). After 2 weeks, grp 1 and grp 2 patients who continued to be SARS-CoV-2-positive received leflunomide for 14 days while continuing SOC. The primary outcomes were the rate of and time to SARS-CoV-2 clearance and the 14-day and 30-day hospital discharge rate.Results: 12 patients were enrolled in grp 1 and 15 patients were in grp 2. The 14 days SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance rate was 80.0% (12/15) for grp 2 patients receiving leflunomide vs. 16.7% for grp 1 patients (2/12) (p = 0.002). By day 14, the median time to SARS-CoV-2 clearance was 6.0 days (range 1–12, IQR 1–12) for grp 2 patients. In grp 1, two patients converted to viral negative on days 1 and 6 (p = 0.002). The 14-day discharge rate was 73.3% (11/15) for the grp 2 vs. 8.3% (1/12) for grp 1 (p = 0.001). The 30 days discharge rate was 100% (15/15) for the grp 2 vs. 66.7% (8/12) for grp 1. No severe adverse events or deaths were reported.Conclusion: Leflunomide may improve the SARS-CoV-2 clearance rate and discharge rate in patients with refractory COVID-19. The tolerability of the 14–28 days course of treatment with leflunomide is acceptable. These preliminary observations need to be verified by a large sample size and randomized controlled trial.