bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in infants born to mothers with mental health conditions
Authors: Heuckendorff Signe , Christensen Louise F. , Fonager Kirsten , Overgaard Charlotte 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionMaternal mental health conditions have been shown to affect perinatal outcomes negatively. However, knowledge on the impact of different types and severities of maternal mental health conditions is needed. The objective of this study was to determine the association between maternal mental health status and perinatal health outcomes in the infant.Material and methodsThis register‐based cohort study included all live‐born infants in Denmark born between 2000 and 2016. Exposed infants were grouped based on whether the mothers received mental health care in primary care settings only (minor conditions) or required specialized psychiatric intervention (moderate–severe conditions) within 12 months before childbirth. Modified Poisson regression analyses were applied to produce adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) for each perinatal outcome of interest. The primary outcomes were neonatal mortality, 5‐minute Apgar scores <7 and <4 and newborn hospital admission during the neonatal period. Secondary outcomes included several neonatal morbidities such as respiratory distress syndrome and abstinence syndrome.ResultsA total of 952 071 infants were included in the analysis; 4.0% had mothers with minor mental health conditions and 2.9% had mothers with moderate–severe conditions. The risk of neonatal death in exposed infants was aRR 1.08 (95% CI 0.93–1.27) for minor mental health conditions and aRR 0.93 (95% CI 0.78–1.11) for moderate–severe conditions. Both exposure groups had increased risks of 5‐minute Apgar scores <7 (minor: aRR 1.28, 95% CI 1.16–1.41; moderate–severe: aRR 1.49, 95% CI 1.34–1.66); 5‐minute Apgar scores <4 (minor: aRR 1.10, 95% CI 0.93–1.30; moderate–severe: aRR 1.18, 95% CI 0.98–1.43), and hospital admission during the neonatal period (minor: aRR 1.20, 95% CI 1.17–1.23; moderate–severe: aRR 1.22, 95% CI 1.19–1.26) along with several neonatal morbidities. An explicit high risk was seen for abstinence syndrome (minor: aRR 10.30, 95% CI 8.40–12.63; moderate–severe: aRR 12.13, 95% CI 10.17–15.67).ConclusionsInfants of mothers with moderate–severe and minor mental health conditions were at increased risks of multiple adverse perinatal outcomes. Effective supportive interventions to improve outcomes in both groups are needed.
The effect of chemotherapy on the exposure–response relation of abiraterone in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Boerrigter Emmy , Benoist Guillemette E. , Overbeek Joanneke K. , Donders Rogier , Mehra Niven , van Oort Inge M. , ter Heine Rob , van Erp Nielka P. 
Published: August 2021

AimsTo assess whether the exposure–response relation for abiraterone is different in pre‐chemotherapy patients compared to post‐chemotherapy patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).MethodsData were collected from three clinical studies in mCRPC patients treated with abiraterone acetate. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the relation between abiraterone exposure and survival (progression‐free survival [PFS] and overall survival [OS]). An interaction term was used to test whether chemotherapy pretreatment was an effect modifier. To investigate the effect of the previously defined exposure threshold of 8.4 ng/mL on survival, Kaplan–Meier analysis was used.ResultsIn total, 98 mCRPC patients were included, of which 78 were pre‐chemotherapy and 20 were post‐chemotherapy patients. Chemotherapy pretreatment in mCRPC setting appears to be an effect modifier. In pre‐chemotherapy patients, no significant association between abiraterone exposure and survival was observed (HR 0.68 [95% CI 0.42–1.10], P = .12 and HR 0.85 [95% CI 0.46–1.60], P = .61, PFS and OS, respectively) and no longer survival was seen for patients with an abiraterone exposure above the predefined threshold. In contrast, a significant association was seen in post‐chemotherapy patients (HR 0.30 [95% CI 0.12–0.74], P = .01 and HR 0.38 [95% CI 0.18–0.82] P = .01, PFS and OS, respectively), with an increased survival when exposed above this threshold.ConclusionChemotherapy pretreatment in mCRPC setting modifies the abiraterone exposure–response relation. No relation between abiraterone exposure and survival was seen for pre‐chemotherapy patients. Therefore, potentially lower doses can be used in this setting to prevent overtreatment and reduce financial toxicity.
Causal inference with outcomes truncated by death in multiarm studies
Authors: Luo Shanshan , Li Wei , He Yangbo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is challenging to evaluate causal effects when the outcomes of interest suffer from truncation‐by‐death in many clinical studies; that is, outcomes cannot be observed if patients die before the time of measurement. To address this problem, it is common to consider average treatment effects by principal stratification, for which, the identifiability results and estimation methods with a binary treatment have been established in previous literature. However, in multiarm studies with more than two treatment options, estimation of causal effects becomes more complicated and requires additional techniques. In this article, we consider identification, estimation, and bounds of causal effects with multivalued ordinal treatments and the outcomes subject to truncation‐by‐death. We define causal parameters of interest in this setting and show that they are identifiable either using some auxiliary variable or based on linear model assumption. We then propose a semiparametric method for estimating the causal parameters and derive their asymptotic results. When the identification conditions are invalid, we derive sharp bounds of the causal effects by use of covariates adjustment. Simulation studies show good performance of the proposed estimator. We use the estimator to analyze the effects of a four‐level chronic toxin on fetal developmental outcomes such as birth weight in rats and mice, with data from a developmental toxicity trial conducted by the National Toxicology Program. Data analyses demonstrate that a high dose of the toxin significantly reduces the weights of pups.
Tectono‐stratigraphic development of a salt‐influenced rift margin: Halten Terrace, offshore Mid‐Norway
Authors: Elliott Gavin M. , Jackson Christopher A.‐L. , Gawthorpe Robert L. , Wilson Paul , Sharp Ian R. , Michelsen Lisa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPre‐rift salt controls structural style variability within rifts by decoupling sub‐ and supra‐salt faults. However, the way in which this variability controls sediment erosion and dispersal, and facies distributions within the coeval syn‐rift stratigraphic succession, remains poorly known. We here use 3D seismic reflection and borehole data to study the tectono‐stratigraphic development of the Halten Terrace, offshore Mid‐Norway, a salt‐influenced rifted margin formed during Middle to Late Jurassic extension. On the eastern basin margin, the rift structural style passes southwards from an unbreached extensional growth fold dissected by numerous horst and graben (Bremstein Fault Complex [BFC]), into a single, through‐going normal fault (Vingleia Fault Complex [VFC]). This southwards change in structural style is likely related to the pinch‐out of or a change in the dominant lithology (and thus rheology) within a pre‐rift (Triassic) evaporite layer, which was thick and/or mobile enough in the north to decouple basement‐ and cover‐involved faulting, and to permit extensional forced folding. As a result, the salt‐influenced BFC underwent limited footwall uplift, with minor erosion of relatively small horsts supplying only limited volumes of sediment to the main downdip depocentre. In contrast, the VFC, which was directly coupled to basement, experienced significant uplift and extensive footwall erosion. The footwall of this structure also locally underwent salt‐detached gravity gliding and collapse as the pre‐rift detachment was tilted. Our results show that where through‐going normal faults develop along the rift flanks, the presence of a pre‐rift salt layer will suppress the topographic expression of the footwall. The pre‐rift salt layer may however facilitate footwall collapse and limit the volume of sediment supplied to downdip basins. Our results also show that variable topography along the rift flanks facilitated the development of relatively small, localised, intra‐rift flank accommodation that trapped flank‐derived sediment, and which meant basins nearer the rift axis were starved of sediment.
Phylogenetic analysis of the family Megalopodidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea): better taxon‐sampling facilitates detection of new relationships and new taxa
Authors: Rodríguez‐Mirón Geovanni M. , Zaragoza‐Caballero Santiago , Morrone Juan J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe systematics of Megalopodidae is not adequately known, in spite of it being a relatively small group of phytophagous beetles. The first phylogenetic analysis of Megalopodidae with a comprehensive generic representation (25 genera of 30 described, 10 subgenera and 77 species) is undertaken. A parsimony analysis under equal and implied weights was carried out based on 147 adult and larval morphological characters. Subfamilies Palophaginae and Zeugophorinae were recovered as monophyletic, by contrast with Megalopodinae, which proved to be paraphyletic. Atelederinae are proposed as a new subfamily. Also, three tribes and three subtribes within Megalopodinae are proposed: Leucasteinitrib.n., Sphondyliinitrib.n. and Megalopodini, the latter including Macrolophinasubtrib.n., Temnaspidinasubtrib.n. and Megalopodina. The generaMacrolopha,Kuilua,Poecilomorpha,Temnaspis,Antonaria,Agathomerus,MegalopusandBothromegalopuswere recovered as non‐monophyletic. New delimitations of the polyphyletic generaPoecilomorphaandMacrolophaare proposed,Clythraxelomais resurrected, and the subgenera ofAgathomerusare suppressed. The following new combinations are proposed:Kuilua apicata(Fairmaire),K. nyassae(Jacoby),Poecilomorpha cribricollis(Pic),P. minuta(Pic),Clythraxeloma assamensis(Jacoby),C. bipartita(Lacordaeri),C. discolineata(Pic),C. downesii(Baly),C. gerstaeckeri(Westwood),C. laosensis (Pic),C. maculata(Pic),C. mouhoti(Baly),C. nigrocyanea(Motschulsky),C. pretiosa(Reineck),Temnaspis tricoloripes(Pic) andBarticaria faciatus(Dalman).Clythraxeloma cyanipennisKraatz is a restored combination. Distribution patterns of Megalopodidae largely conform to the breakup of Gondwanaland, with its main clades having particular distributions: Andean‐Australian (Palophaginae), Ethiopian (Leucasteini, Sphondyliini, and Macrolophina), Neotropical (Ateledrinae and Megalopodina) and Ethiopian‐Oriental‐Palaearctic (Temnaspidina the result of a secondary expansion. Zeugophorinae present a worldwide distribution, except for the Neotropical and Andean regions, which may be the result of geodispersal. The findings of the present study also shed light on groups with taxonomic issues, where phylogenetic analyses are strongly needed.
Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells promote Helicobacter pylori‐associated gastric cancer progression by secreting thrombospondin‐2
Authors: Shi Huiying , Qi Cuihua , Meng Lingjun , Yao Hailing , Jiang Chen , Fan Mengke , Zhang Qin , Hou Xiaohua , Lin Rong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesBone marrow‐derived cells (BMDCs), especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), may be involved in the development of Helicobacter pylori‐associated gastric cancer (GC) in mice, but the specific mechanism remains unclear, and evidence from human studies is lacking.Materials and MethodsTo verify the role of BM‐MSCs in H pylori‐associated GC, green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐labelled BM‐MSCs were transplanted into the subserosal layers of the stomach in a mouse model of chronic H pylori infection. Three months post‐transplantation, the mice were sacrificed, and the gastric tissues were subjected to histopathological and immunofluorescence analyses. In addition, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunofluorescence analyses of gastric tissue from a female patient with H pylori infection and a history of acute myeloid leukaemia who received a BM transplant from a male donor.ResultsIn mice with chronic H pylori infection, GFP‐labelled BM‐MSCs migrated from the serous layer to the mucosal layer and promoted GC progression. The BM‐MSCs differentiated into pan‐cytokeratin‐positive epithelial cells and α‐smooth muscle actin‐positive cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) by secreting the protein thrombospondin‐2. FISH analysis of gastric tissue from the female patient revealed Y‐chromosome‐positive cells. Immunofluorescence analyses further confirmed that Y‐chromosome‐positive cells showed positive BM‐MSCs marker. These results suggested that allogeneic BMDCs, including BM‐MSCs, can migrate to the stomach under chronic H pylori infection.ConclusionsTaken together, these findings imply that BM‐MSCs participate in the development of chronic H pylori‐associated GC by differentiating into both gastric epithelial cells and CAFs.
Altered mitochondrial metabolism in peripheral blood cells from patients with inborn errors of β‐oxidation
Authors: Stenlid Rasmus , Olsson David , Cen Jing , Manell Hannes , Haglind Charlotte , Chowdhury Azazul Islam , Bergsten Peter , Nordenström Anna , Halldin Maria 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInborn errors of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO), such as medium‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD) and very long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCAD) affects cellular function and whole‐body metabolism. Carnitine uptake deficiency (CUD) disturbs the transportation of fatty acids into the mitochondria, but when treated is a mild disease without significant effects on FAO. For improved clinical care of VLCAD in particular, estimation of FAO severity could be important. We have investigated whether the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from patients with MCAD, VLCAD, and CUD can be used to study cellular metabolism in patients with FAO defects and to determine the severity of FAO impairment. PBMCs were isolated from patients with VLCAD (n = 9), MCAD (n = 5–7), and CUD (n = 5). OCR was measured within 6‐hours of venous puncture using the Seahorse XFe96. The PBMCs were exposed to glucose alone or with caprylic acid (C8:0) or palmitic acid (C16:0). OCR was significantly lower in cells from patients with β‐oxidation deficiencies (MCAD and VLCAD) compared to CUD at basal conditions. When exposed to C16:0, OCR in VLCAD cells was unchanged, whereas OCR in MCAD cells increased but not to the levels observed in CUD. However, C8:0 did not increase OCR, as would be expected, in VLCAD cells. There was no clear relationship between clinical severity level and OCR. In patients with β‐oxidation deficiencies, changes of mitochondrial respiration in PBMCs are detectable, which indicate that PBMCs have translational potential for studies of β‐oxidation defects. However, further studies are warranted.
Effect of temperature on host plant‐specific leaf‐ and root‐feeding performances: a comparison of grape phylloxera biotypes C and G
Authors: Wilmink Jurrian , Breuer Michael , Forneck Astrid 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGrape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch) (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae), is a destructive pest for global viticulture. With the grafting of the susceptible cultivated grapevine (Vitis vinifera L., Vitaceae) on top of tolerant Vitis spp. rootstock, root infestation no longer causes vine death. These tolerant rootstock vines are hybrids of American species that are often highly susceptible to leaf infestation. Though leaf infestation is normally rarely seen on V. vinifera, some commercial vineyards have been showing high intensities of leaf galls for many years. In this study, two possible factors are investigated to explain these anomalies: (1) intra‐specific differences in phylloxera host plant specialization, and (2) improved environmental settings for infestation due to temperature increase. To study the former, a phylloxera biotyping assay was conducted after whole‐plant (both root and leaf) infestations, and for the latter, a temperature increase simulation was performed with potted plants in climate chambers. Both assays also contained a phylloxera control biotype C, obtained from an American rootstock hybrid (Vitis berlandieri Planch. × Vitis riparia Michx.). The biotyping assay showed that field‐sampled populations from V. vinifera leaf galls had innate advantages to infest the leaves of this host plant species compared to those of the American rootstock hybrid. This is therefore the first study to categorize a phylloxera population as biotype G, using controlled experimental conditions with biological pest control. At moderate temperatures (22 °C), infestation was similar as in the biotyping assay, but at higher temperatures (27 °C), biotype G seems to lose its comparative advantage to infest V. vinifera leaves. Specifically, at higher temperatures, insect performance in terms of leaf gall intensity, development, and egg‐laying of both biotype G and C is improved on American rootstock hybrids and worsened on V. vinifera compared to infestations at moderate temperatures. We discuss possible explanations for these findings and how these experimental results may be extrapolated to field settings.
Whose speeches impact European markets: ECB's or the national central banks'?
Authors: Anand Abhinav , Basu Sankarshan , Pathak Jalaj , Thampy Ashok 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe quantify the tone from the speeches of the European Central Bank (ECB) as well as that from the national central banks of six leading European nations and analyze its role in explaining the returns of their respective stock market indices. Using recent innovations in financial text analysis, we find evidence that except for France, all nations' stock indices are significantly associated with the tone of speeches delivered by either the national banks or the ECB (or both). For France, the national stock index volatility is found to be associated with its national central bank speech tone.
The treatment of anogenital extramammary Paget's disease as part of a multidisciplinary approach: The use of Mohs surgery moat method with CK7
Authors: Brough Kevin , Carley Sama K. , Vidal Nahid Y. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough most cases of extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) are localized to the intraepidermal, the extensive subclinical extension can lead to high rates of marginal recurrence with wide local excisions and topically destructive treatments. Recurrence rates of EMPD treated with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) without immunohistochemical staining are better but variable. Here, we describe our multidisciplinary approach for treating large EMPD tumors of the anogenital region involving critical anatomy using MMS for peripheral margin clearance (moat method) and intraoperative CK7 immunostaining. Our clinical pearls for the management of anogenital EMPD are based on 53 multidisciplinary cases treated at the author's institution between 2014 and 2020.
LncRNA00492 is required for marginal zone B‐cell development
Authors: Wang Faming , Cui Dongya , Zhang Qingyun , Shao Yingying , Zheng Baijiao , Chen Liling , Luo Yao , Yuan Liudi , Wang Demin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractB‐cell development undergoes a series of steps from the bone marrow to the secondary lymphoid organs. A defect in B‐cell development can lead to immunodeficiency or malignant disorders, such as leukaemia or lymphoma. Long non‐coding RNAs have been reported to act as important regulators of many pathological processes. However, very little is known regarding the role of lncRNAs during B‐cell development and the regulation of their expression. In this study, we explored the expression and role of lncRNA Gme00492 in B‐cell development. We observed that lnc00492 was highly expressed in B‐cell development and primarily expressed in the nucleus. Lnc00492‐deficient mice had fewer marginal zone B cells in the spleen, likely due to a developmental block. Importantly, lnc00492 interacts with CTBP1 and targets it for ubiquitination and degradation during B‐cell development, whereas the transcriptional corepressor factor CTBP1 plays a critical role in Notch2 signalling. Thus, we identified a novel regulatory axis between lnc00492 and CTBP1 in B cells, suggesting that lnc00492 is essential for marginal zone B‐cell development.
DUSP7 inhibits cervical cancer progression by inactivating the RAS pathway
Authors: Bai Huimin , Song Meiying , Jiao Ruili , Li Weihua , Zhao Jing , Xiao Meizhu , Jin Mulan , Zhang Zhengyu , Deng Haiteng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo determine the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between paired samples of cervical cancer (CC) and paracancerous tissue by quantitative proteomics and to examine the effects of DUSP7 expression on the tumorigenesis and progression of CC. Proteomic profiles of three paired samples of CC and paracancerous tissue were quantitatively analysed to identify DEPs. The relationship between DEP expression and patient clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was evaluated. The effects of the selected DEPs on CC progression were examined in SIHA cells. A total of 129 DEPs were found. Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining analyses confirmed the results from quantitative proteomic analysis showing that the selected DEP, HRAS, P‐ERK1/2, and PLD1 levels were increased, whereas the DUSP7 level was decreased in CC tissue compared with the paired normal paracancerous tissues. The IHC results from the CC TMA analysis showed that the decreased expression of DUSP7 (p = 0.045 and 0.044) was significantly associated with a tumour size >2 cm and parametrial infiltration. In addition, the decreased expression of DUSP7 and increased expression of p‐ERK1/2 were adversely related to patient relapse (p = 0.003 and 0.001) and survival (p = 0.034 and 0.006). The expression of HRAS and p‐ERK1/2 was decreased in DUSP7‐SIHA cells compared with NC‐SIHA cells (p = 0.0003 and 0.0026). Biological functions in vitro, including invasion, migration and proliferation and tumour formation in vivo were decreased in DUSP7‐SIHA cells (all p < 0.05) but increased in shDUSP7‐SIHA cells (all p < 0.05). DUSP7 inhibits cervical cancer progression by inactivating the RAS pathway.
Uniform and targeted informative advertising with asymmetric customer loyalty
Authors: Arnold Michael , Schmidbauer Eric , Zhang Lan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe model optimal firm pricing and advertising intensity strategies under both uniform and targeted advertising regimes in a duopoly market in which firms have asymmetric loyal market shares and must engage in costly informative advertising to attract customers. In addition to loyal customers who only purchase from their preferred firm, there are shoppers who purchase at the lowest advertised price. Under uniform advertising, prices are communicated to the entire market while under targeted advertising the firm can limit advertising to its own loyal customers or to its loyal customers and the shoppers. Our main results explore the strategic trade‐off between advertising intensity and price competition and demonstrate how optimal firm pricing, advertising strategies, and equilibrium outcomes differ with the relative size of a firm's loyal market and with the advertising regime. We also show that targeted advertising may or may not increase social welfare, and that it increases consumer surplus only if the cost of advertising is sufficiently high. In addition, it is possible that the firm with the larger loyal market earns lower profits under targeted rather than uniform advertising. Notwithstanding this, in an extension we show firms generally have an incentive to invest ex‐ante in targeting technology.