bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Presentation, Imaging, and Management of Segmental Arterial Mediolysis: A Rare Vascular Disorder
Authors: Alavandar Ezhilmathi , Umapathy Shobana , Poyyamoli Santhosh , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives Our objective was to analyze the clinical presentation, imaging findings, and the management of segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) in different case scenarios within our medical institution.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 13 cases of SAM in our institution from July 2017 to March 2020. The images from the cases were collected from picture archiving and communication system (PACS) along with other pertinent clinical information from the hospital's information system. All the patients we studied underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) using a third-generation Siemens SOMATOM Force dual-source CT scanner. Once the dual-phase scanning was completed, the images were analyzed using the workstation's syngo.via software.
Results Three out of the 13 cases required stent-grafting of the renal/celiac artery, and the involved branch of the superior mesenteric artery was embolized in one case. The rest of the cases were managed conservatively with antiplatelets/anticoagulants. Subsequent follow-ups of the patients were conducted and showed stabilization/regression of the initial findings without finding any evidence of worsening.
Conclusion SAM should be considered when making a differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain when associated with dissection or aneurysms in splanchnic arteries, and in cases of unexplained intra-abdominal hemorrhaging. The radiologist needs to be aware of this possibility to raise suspicion, alert the clinician, and guide appropriate management.
Dual Aneurysm Formation in an Occupationally Predisposed Male: Atypical Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome
Authors: Patil Aruna Raman , Narasimhan Sunder 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHypothenar hammer syndrome is typically described as a chronic repetitive injury to the ulnar artery at the level of hamulus of hamate and shows certain occupational predilection. Our case is an occupationally predisposed patient who had two aneurysm formations from the superficial palmar branch of ulnar artery and the digital branch, respectively, diagnosed and treated surgically. We call it an atypical hypothenar hammer syndrome as the arterial involvement was not typically at the level of hamate bone and only corresponded to the site of recurrent friction. This article also discusses the role of imaging and treatment options.
Generation of high-energy single pulses and pulse clusters in ytterbium fibre lasers with quasi-synchronous modulation of the pump power
Authors: Ivanenko A.V. , Nyushkov B.N. , Smirnov S.V. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Additional capabilities of the method of quasi-synchronous pump power modulation developed by the authors for nanosecond high-energy pulsed oscillation of fibre lasers with a long-lived (about 1 ms) upper laser level are investigated. Using an Yb fibre laser as an example, it is shown that quasi-synchronous pump power modulation makes it possible to generate not only a periodic sequence of single nanosecond pulses, but also regular pulse clusters with a controlled number of nanosecond subpulses that make up a cluster. In addition, the feasibility of scaling the energy of laser pulses obtained by the method of quasi-synchronous modulation of the pump power is studied when proceeding to the use of active double-clad fibres and higher-power multimode pump sources. Pulses with energies up to 430 nJ are obtained in a laser configuration maintaining linear polarisation of radiation. The results obtained significantly expand the possibilities of applying the method of quasi-synchronous modulation of the pump power in conventional fibre lasers based on stimulated emission.
When it’s “now or never”
Authors: Satti Ignacio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIndividuals who share knowledge of past events may encounter different practical problems when engaging in the co-telling of those events. Drawing upon conversation analysis, this article investigates how co-tellers manage interpolated opportunities to initiate other-repair in collaborative storytelling. The analysis focuses on the placement of different repair operations on the story-in-progress and shows that co-tellers monitor the progressivity of the storytelling activity to identify proper places to initiate repair. Repairs that are initiated out of place can be oriented to as inappropriate and require more interactional work from participants. When tellers project the continuation of the story beyond a proper place, co-tellers display urgency for halting the story’s current trajectory, which shows their orientation to this moment as a last opportunity to initiate repair. This last possible point to repair the story-in-progress is what I call a “now or never” moment. Data stem from video-recorded collaboratively told stories in Spanish.
A neural network approach based on more input neurons to predict nuclear mass *
Authors: Zhao Tian-Liang , Zhang Hong-Fei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The study of nuclear mass is very important, and the neural network (NN) approach can be used to improve the prediction of nuclear mass for various models. Considering the number of valence nucleons of protons and neutrons separately in the input quantity of the NN model, the root-mean-square deviation of binding energy between data from AME2016 and liquid drop model calculations for 2314 nuclei was reduced from 2.385 MeV to 0.203 MeV. In addition, some defects in the Weizsäcker–Skyrme (WS)-type model were repaired, which well reproduced the two-neutron separation energy of the nucleus synthesized recently by RIKEN RI Beam Factory [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, (2020) 122501]. The masses of some of the new nuclei appearing in the latest atomic mass evaluation (AME2020) are also well reproduced. However, the results of neural network methods for predicting the description of regions far from known atomic nuclei need to be further improved. This study shows that such a statistical model can be a tool for systematic searching of nuclei beyond existing experimental data.
The Binarity of Early-type Stars from LAMOST medium-resolution Spectroscopic Survey
Authors: Guo Yanjun , Li Jiao , Xiong Jianping , Li Jiangdan , Wang Luqian , Xiong Heran , Luo Feng , Hou Yonghui , Liu Chao , Han Zhanwen , Chen Xuefei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Massive binaries play significant roles in many fields. Identifying massive stars, particularly massive binaries, is of great importance. In this paper, by adopting the technique of measuring the equivalent widths of several spectral lines, we identified 9382 early-type stars from the LAMOST medium-resolution survey and divided the sample into four groups, T1 (∼O-B4), T2 (∼B5), T3 (∼B7) and T4 (∼B8-A). The relative radial velocities RVrel were calculated using Maximum Likelihood Estimation. The stars with significant changes of RVrel and at least larger than 15.57 km s−1 were identified as spectroscopic binaries. We found that the observed spectroscopic binary fractions for the four groups are 24.6% ± 0.5%, 20.8% ± 0.6%, 13.7% ± 0.3% and 7.4% ± 0.3%, respectively. Assuming that orbital period (P) and mass ratio (q) have intrinsic distributions as f(P) ∝ P

π
(1 < P < 1000 days) and f(q) ∝ q

κ
(0.1 < q < 1), respectively, we conducted a series of Monte-Carlo simulations to correct observational biases for estimating the intrinsic multiplicity properties. The results show that the intrinsic binary fractions for the four groups are 68% ± 8%, 52% ± 3%, 44% ± 6% and 44% ± 6%, respectively. The best estimated values for π are −1 ± 0.1, −1.1 ± 0.05, −1.1 ± 0.1 and −0.6 ± 0.05, respectively. The κ cannot be constrained for groups T1 and T2 and is −2.4 ± 0.3 for group T3 and −1.6 ± 0.3 for group T4. We confirmed the relationship of a decreasing trend in binary fractions toward late-type stars. No correlation between the spectral type and orbital period distribution has been found yet, possibly due to the limitation of observational cadence.
Number and Distribution of Fiducial Fibers in a Spectroscopic Survey Telescope
Authors: Duan Shi-Peng , Zhou Zeng-Xiang , Zuo Jia-Le , Li Meng-Tao , Liu Zhi-Gang , Hu Hong-Zhuan , Wang Jian-Ping , Cui Xiang-Qun , Zhang Yong , Zhang Hao-Tong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To date, the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) has been in operation for 12 yr. To improve the telescope's astronomical observation accuracy, the original open-loop fiber positioning system of LAMOST is in urgent need of upgrading. The upgrade plan is to install several fiber view cameras (FVCs) around primary mirror B to build a closed-loop feedback control system. The FVCs are 20 m from the focal surface. To reduce a series of errors when the cameras detect the positions of the optical fibers, we designed fiducial fibers on the focal surface to be fiducial points for the cameras. Increasing the number of fiducial fibers can improve the detection accuracy of the FVC system, but it will also certainly reduce the number of fiber positioners that can be used for observation. Therefore, the focus of this paper is how to achieve the quantity and distribution that meet the requirements of system detection. In this paper, we introduce the necessity of using fiducial fibers, propose a method for selecting their number and present several methods for assessing the uniformity of their distribution. Finally, we implement particle swarm optimization to find the best distribution of fiducial fibers.
Light Curve Analysis and Period Study of Two Eclipsing Binaries UZ Lyr and BR Cyg
Authors: Roobiat K. Y. , Pazhouhesh R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Two eclipsing binary systems, UZ Lyr and BR Cyg, are semi-detached types whose secondary component fills its Roche lobe. Although radial velocity and light curves of these systems have already been investigated separately, both their radial velocity and light curves are analyzed simultaneously for the first time in the present study. Also, the orbital period changes of these systems are studied. Our results show that the mass transfers between components have negligible effects on the orbital period changes of these systems, but two light travel time effects are the reasons for the periodic behavior of the O − C curve for UZ Lyr. We could not remark more information about orbital period changes for BR Cyg, but we find a new orbital period for it. By radial velocity and light curve analysis, we find a cold spot on the secondary component of BR Cyg. The new geometrical and physical parameters of both systems are obtained and their positions on the H-R diagram are demonstrated.
Mobility endpoints in marketing authorisation of drugs: what gets the European medicines agency moving?
Authors: Jaeger Simon U , Wohlrab Martin , Schoene Daniel , Tremmel Roman , Chambers Michael , Leocani Letizia , Corriol-Rohou Solange , Klenk Jochen , Sharrack Basil , Garcia-Aymerich Judith , Rochester Lynn , Maetzler Walter , Puhan Milo , Schwab Matthias , Becker Clemens 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Mobility is defined as the ability to independently move around the environment and is a key contributor to quality of life, especially in older age. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of mobility as a decisive outcome for the marketing authorisation of drugs by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

Methods
Fifteen therapeutic areas which commonly lead to relevant mobility impairments and alter the quantity and/or the quality of walking were selected: two systemic neurological diseases, four conditions primarily affecting exercise capacity, seven musculoskeletal diseases and two conditions representing sensory impairments. European Public Assessment Reports (EPARs) published by the EMA until September 2020 were examined for mobility endpoints included in their ‘main studies’. Clinical study registries and primary scientific publications for these studies were also reviewed.

Results
Four hundred and eighty-four EPARs yielded 186 relevant documents with 402 ‘main studies’. The EPARs reported 153 primary and 584 secondary endpoints which considered mobility; 70 different assessment tools (38 patient-reported outcomes, 13 clinician-reported outcomes, 8 performance outcomes and 13 composite endpoints) were used. Only 15.7% of those tools distinctly informed on patients’ mobility status. Out of 402, 105 (26.1%) of the ‘main studies’ did not have any mobility assessment. Furthermore, none of these studies included a digital mobility outcome.

Conclusions
For conditions with a high impact on mobility, mobility assessment was given little consideration in the marketing authorisation of drugs by the EMA. Where mobility impairment was considered to be a relevant outcome, questionnaires or composite scores susceptible to reporting biases were predominantly used.
Salt tolerance mechanisms in theLycopersiconclade and their trade-offs
Authors: Bonarota Maria-Sole , Kosma Dylan K , Barrios-Masias Felipe H 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSalt stress impairs growth and yield in tomato, which is mostly cultivated in arid and semi-arid areas of the world. A number of wild tomato relatives (Solanum pimpinellifolium, S. pennellii, S. cheesmaniae and S. peruvianum) are endemic to arid coastal areas and able to withstand higher concentration of soil salt concentrations, making them a good genetic resource for breeding efforts aimed at improving salt tolerance and overall crop improvement. However, the complexity of salt stress response makes it difficult to introgress tolerance traits from wild relatives that could effectively increase tomato productivity under high soil salt concentrations. Under commercial production, biomass accumulation is key for high fruit yields, and salt tolerance management strategies should aim to maintain a favourable plant water and nutrient status. In this review, we first compare the effects of salt stress on the physiology of the domesticated tomato and its wild relatives. We then discuss physiological and energetic trade-offs for the different salt tolerance mechanisms found within the Lycopersicon clade, with a focus on the importance of root traits to sustain crop productivity.
Above- and below-ground functional trait coordination in the Neotropical understory genus Costus
Authors: Ávila-Lovera Eleinis , Goldsmith Gregory R , Kay Kathleen M , Funk Jennifer L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The study of plant functional traits and variation among and within species can help illuminate functional coordination and trade-offs in key processes that allow plants to grow, reproduce and survive. We studied 20 leaf, above-ground stem, below-ground stem and fine-root traits of 17 Costus species from forests in Costa Rica and Panama to answer the following questions: (i) Do congeneric species show above-ground and below-ground trait coordination and trade-offs consistent with theory of resource acquisition and conservation? (ii) Is there correlated evolution among traits? (iii) Given the diversity of habitats over which Costus occurs, what is the relative contribution of site and species to trait variation? We performed a principal components analysis (PCA) to assess for the existence of a spectrum of trait variation and found that the first two PCs accounted for 21.4 % and 17.8 % of the total trait variation, respectively, with the first axis of variation being consistent with a continuum of resource-acquisitive and resource-conservative traits in water acquisition and use, and the second axis of variation being related to the leaf economics spectrum. Stomatal conductance was negatively related to both above-ground stem and rhizome specific density, and these relationships became stronger after accounting for evolutionary relatedness, indicating correlated evolution. Despite elevation and climatic differences among sites, high trait variation was ascribed to individuals rather than to sites. We conclude that Costus species present trait coordination and trade-offs that allow species to be categorized as having a resource-acquisitive or resource-conservative functional strategy, consistent with a whole-plant functional strategy with evident coordination and trade-offs between above-ground and below-ground function. Our results also show that herbaceous species and species with rhizomes tend to agree with trade-offs found in more species-rich comparisons.
Comprehensive evaluation of computational methods for predicting cancer driver genes
Authors: Shi Xiaohui , Teng Huajing , Shi Leisheng , Bi Wenjian , Wei Wenqing , Mao Fengbiao , Sun Zhongsheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Optimal methods could effectively improve the accuracy of predicting and identifying candidate driver genes. Various computational methods based on mutational frequency, network and function approaches have been developed to identify mutation driver genes in cancer genomes. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the performance levels of network-, function- and frequency-based methods is lacking. In the present study, we assessed and compared eight performance criteria for eight network-based, one function-based and three frequency-based algorithms using eight benchmark datasets. Under different conditions, the performance of approaches varied in terms of network, measurement and sample size. The frequency-based driverMAPS and network-based HotNet2 methods showed the best overall performance. Network-based algorithms using protein–protein interaction networks outperformed the function- and the frequency-based approaches. Precision, F1 score and Matthews correlation coefficient were low for most approaches. Thus, most of these algorithms require stringent cutoffs to correctly distinguish driver and non-driver genes. We constructed a website named Cancer Driver Catalog (http://159.226.67.237/sun/cancer_driver/), wherein we integrated the gene scores predicted by the foregoing software programs. This resource provides valuable guidance for cancer researchers and clinical oncologists prioritizing cancer driver gene candidates by using an optimal tool.
Limitations to Propagule Dispersal Will Constrain Postfire Recovery of Plants and Fungi in Western Coniferous Forests
Authors: Gill Nathan S , Turner Monica G , Brown Carissa D , Glassman Sydney I , Haire Sandra L , Hansen Winslow D , Pansing Elizabeth R , St Clair Samuel B , Tomback Diana F 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany forest species are adapted to long-interval, high-severity fires, but the intervals between severe fires are decreasing with changes in climate, land use, and biological invasions. Although the effects of changing fire regimes on some important recovery processes have previously been considered, the consequences for the dispersal of propagules (plant seeds and fungal spores) in forest communities have not. We characterize three mechanisms by which changing fire regimes disrupt propagule dispersal in mesic temperate, boreal, and high-elevation forests: reduced abundance and altered spatial distributions of propagule source populations, less effective dispersal of propagules by wind, and altered behavior of animal dispersers and propagule predators. We consider how disruptions to propagule dispersal may interact with other factors that are also influenced by fire regime change, potentially increasing risk of forest conversion. Finally, we highlight urgent research topics regarding how dispersal limitation may shape twenty-first century forest recovery after stand-replacing fire.
Street Culture Meets Extremism: How Muslims Involved in Street Life and Crime Oppose Jihadism
Authors: Tutenges Sébastien , Sandberg Sveinung 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany studies have examined why individuals with a background in street life and crime are drawn toward extremism. This paper examines why most people with this background reject extremism. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Oslo, we found that Muslims involved in street culture were generally opposed to jihadism because they perceived jihadists as evil people who harm innocents; bad Muslims who defame Islam; and cowards who break the ‘code of the street.’ This opposition resulted in avoidance behaviours, criticism and, sometimes, violence against suspected jihadists. We argue that research on the crime-terror nexus has focussed too narrowly on the similarities between street culture and jihadism, contributing to a distorted image of Muslims involved in street culture as potential terrorists.
Addressing Equity in Schools: Youth Participatory Action Research and Transformative Social and Emotional Learning during COVID-19
Authors: Owens Chastity L , Johnson Annette H , Thornton Aubrey 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and rise in racial injustices signaled the need to engage students in macro-level interventions to maximize their contributions to their schools, communities, and society. School social workers are uniquely positioned to elevate student voices, hone their critical thinking skills, and capitalize on their strengths and assets. Critical thinking skills can help students analyze the world around them by engaging them in addressing equity issues in their schools and communities. This article introduces the concept of transformative social and emotional learning (TSEL) within the context of youth-led participatory action research (YPAR) and a critical service learning (CSL) framework for school social workers to promote student empowerment. Through CSL, students cultivate advocacy skills by identifying, investigating, and taking action to address concerns. Authors include a case example demonstrating TSEL and YPAR, using CSL as a school social work intervention that recognizes and promotes students’ strengths and assets.
Decentring ELT: teacher associations as agents of change
Authors: Banegas Darío Luis , Bullock Deborah , Kiely Richard , Kuchah Kuchah , Padwad Amol , Smith Richard , Wedell Martin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In 2018, the A.S. Hornby Educational Trust launched its ‘Decentring ELT’ initiative, with the aim of identifying, publicizing, and supporting ways in which English language educators in low- and middle-income countries work locally and collaboratively to develop activities that respond to their particular circumstances. This article aims to explore the notion of ‘decentring’ in ELT by means of a provisional characterization and by presenting examples of activities carried out by ELT teacher associations in Africa, Latin America, and South Asia which involve: localization/devolution; encouragement of success-sharing; support for teacher research; investigation of members’ needs and/or capabilities; and/or attempts to bring about wider change. On the basis of feedback received so far on our provisional characterization of decentring, we end by highlighting some ways in which this notion, and outside support for it, may need to be not only extended but also problematized and critiqued.
What topic modelling can show about the development of agricultural economics: evidence from the Journal Citation Report category top journals
Authors: Cei Leonardo , Defrancesco Edi , Stefani Gianluca 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThroughout its history, several attempts have been made to map the structure and subfields of agricultural economics; however, these attempts either rely on the experience of distinguished scholars or require processing a massive amount of textual data. This paper investigates the structural dynamics of agricultural economics, focusing on the changing frequency of different subfields and the diversification of the discipline over time and on the differences between European and non-European scholars. A quantitative text analysis is carried out on abstracts from the major agricultural economics journals in the Journal Citation Reports category ‘Agricultural Economics and Policy’. The topics identified are consistent with findings from traditional studies, but their importance differs between the two areas. However, a convergence process has been observed in the last years.