bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultivable Oral Microbiota in Puppies
Authors: Kačírová J. , Horňáková Ľ. , Maďari A. , Mravcová K. , Maďar M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The oral microbiota has been shown to be different in children born by caesarean section and delivered vaginally. The aim of this study was to investigate the oral microbial diversity in healthy puppies and to determine whether the birth mode affects the composition of the oral microbiota. A total of 19 puppies from 4 dams were included in the study. The puppies were divided into two groups depending on the birth mode, vaginal delivery (vaginal born VB) or caesarean delivery (caesar-ean section CS). On the seventh day after birth, swabs of the oral cavity were taken. All samples were analysed by bacteriological cultivation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Bacterial colonies were identified by Sanger sequencing of 16S rRNA. A total of 64 bacterial strains belonging to 10 genera were obtained from the oral swabs. The genera Staphylococcus (30.23 % VB and 47.62 % CS) and Enterococcus (25.58 % VB and 33.33 % CS) were the most abundant in both groups. The genera Escherichia (18.60 %) and Enterobacter (16.28 %) were largely present in puppies delivered vaginally, they were not found in puppies born by caesarean section. The other detected genera were present at lower proportions (< 5 %) and varied between the groups. The oral micro-biota of the puppies in the litter was similar, but differed between litters and between groups. Based on these results, we can assume that the birth mode affects the oral microbiota of puppies.
Characterization of bilayer (FeB/Fe2B) on AISI H13 work tool steel
Authors: Boumaali B. , Nait Abdellah Z. , Keddam M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, the borided layers were produced on AISI H13 steel via solid boriding with a powders mixture containing 90 wt.% B4C and 10 wt.% NaBF4 for treatment times of 2-6 h at 900, 950 and 1000 °C. The microscopic observations revealed a less pronounced toothed interface between the borided layer and the transition zone. The XRD studies indicated the presence of a dual phase boride layer (FeB/Fe2B) besides the chromium and vanadium borides as precipitates inside it. The boronizing kinetics of AISI H13 steel was investigated by using the classical parabolic growth law. The obtained value of boron activation energy in the entire boride layer (FeB + + Fe2B) was found to be 236.34 kJ mol-1. Furthermore, this value of energy has been compared to the literature data. Finally, the nanohardness and reduced modulus of elasticity were measured for FeB, Fe2B and transition zone.
Corrosion in underground infrastructures
Authors: Mukhtar S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There is a significant loss due to corrosion of buried infrastructure. Many pipes have failed due to mistreatment happening within them all around the world. Different soil aeration leads to macro corrosion cells that cause critical levels within the path corrosion leading to a loss of structural integrity of the buried pipes underground. This review paper seeks to address and presents a predetermined model developed by using software COMSOL Multiphysics to identify and characterize the areas experiencing a high rate of corrosion beneath the surface due to differential aeration. The pipe surfaces experience electrochemical reactions and reactant transport mechanisms in the soil and the pipes. Porosity and degree of saturation make the closed-form equations used to create the mass transport properties and electrical properties that constitute three-phase medium using standard soil parameters. The current model enables the study of soil property variations and conditions from the external environment pipeline corrosion. The model results conclude and agree well with the literature and case studies done at pipeline failure sites. The model used in this review will then enable water utilities to develop forecasting tools that may be useful for assessment.
Dampak Model Pembelajaran Auditory, Intellektualy, Repatition (AIR) terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa
Authors: Rizkiardi Reza Miftah , Subali Bambang 
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya dampak model pembelajaran Auditory, Intellektualy, Repatition (AIR) pada minat belajar mata pelajaran IPA dikelas III SDN 02 Banjaran. Latar belakang penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat apakah ada dampak dan perubahan minat belajar siswa mata pelajaran IPA di kelas III SDN 02 Banjaran ketika guru menggunakan model pembelajaran Auditory, Intellektualy, Repatition (AIR). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey, teknik yang digunakan adalah wawancaraÂ dan observasi. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan wawancara dan observasi terhadap guru dan siswa menunjukan adanya dampak perubahan minat belajar mata pelajaran IPA materi cuaca dan pengaruhnya terhadap siswa kelas III SDN 02 Banjaran saat guru dalam pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran Auditory, Intellektualy, Repatition (AIR) .Kata kunci: Dampak, Model Auditory, Intellektualy, Repatition (AIR), Minat Belajar.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Kelas 3 dan 4 SD Negeri Purwahamba 01 dalam Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning Type Jigsaw melalui Pendampingan pada Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2016 /2017
Authors: Raharjo Siwi Saptono 
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah meningkatkan kompetensi guru kelas 3 dan kelas 4 SD Negeri Purwahamba 01 Kecamatan Suradadi Kabupaten Tegal dalam menerapkan model pembelajaran cooperative learning type Jigsaw pada semester II tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Subjek penelitian adalah guru kelas 3 dan 4 SD Negeri Purwahamba 01 UPTD DikbudÂ Kecamatan Suradadi Kabupaten Tegal. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes pemahaman dan instrumen observasi pembelajaran. Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah dilakukan dalam 2 kali siklus, setiap siklus terdiri 3 kali pertemuan tatap muka dengan guru kelas 3 dan 4 peserta pendampingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah diadakan tindakan melalui kegiatan pendampingan guru dari segi keterampilan melaksanakan pembelajaranÂ mengalami peningkatan ketuntasan sebesar 16,93 poin atau 24,51% dari perolehan nilai pada siklus I sebesar 69,05 dan meningkat pada akhir siklus II sebesar 85,98. Kegiatan pendampingan pemahaman konsep dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 19,98 poin atau sebesar 31,54% , diperoleh pada siklus I rata-rata nilai sebesar 63,35 dan pada siklus II rata-rata nilai sebesar 83,33, dari indikator keberhasilan sebesar 75,00. Berdasarkan uraian hasil penenelitian dan pembahasan pada penelitian tindakan sekolah melalui pendampingan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep keterampilan bagi guru kelas 3 dan kelas 4 SD Negeri Purwahamba 01 Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 dalam pembelajaran dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran cooperative learning type Jigsaw
Pengaruh Mata Kuliah Pengembangan Kepribadian Pancasila dalam Menyikapi Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi
Authors: Hartati Mursyidah Dwi , Ponoharjo Ponoharjo , Khamim Mohamad 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mata kuliah pengembangan kepribadian Pancasila dalam menyikapi IPTEK. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 103 orang. Tehnik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah proporsional cluster random sampling, dalam hal ini tiap kelas diambil 70% sehingga jumlah mahasiswa yang dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlahÂ 40 orang. Data berupa kuesioner diuji menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan regresi, dan sebelumnya data ini diuji terlebih dahulu validitas dan reliabilitas nya menggunakan pearson product moment. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa secara umum responden dalam penelitian ini mempunyai pengembangan kepribadian Pancasila yang baik. Mahasiswa sebagai generasi muda sebaiknya menjaga kepribadian bangsa dalam menghadapi tantangan perkembangan Iptek, dan berpegang teguh kepada Pancasila sebagai dasar negaraÂ sehingga perkembangan Iptek bisa membantu pembangunan NegaraÂ
Peralihan Fungsi Benteng Pendem Cilacap Dari Masa Ke Masa
Authors: Widharta Adhiningtyas Putu , Wuryani Emy , Widiarto Tri 
Published: October 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sejarah berdirinya Benteng Pendem dan peralihan fungsinya dari masa berdiri sampai masa sekarang. Rumusan masalah penelitian adalah Bagaimanakah peralihan fungsi di Benteng Pendem Cilacap dari masa ke masa. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, dilaksanakan sebuah penelitian dengan menggunakan metode sejarah. Penelitian ini melewati empat (4) buah tahapan, yaitu: heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan penulisan sejarah. Hasil dari penelitian ditemukan bahwa Benteng Pendem Cilacap pada awalnya didirikan untuk pertahanan militer Pemerintah Hindia Belanda, namun dalam perkembangannya Benteng Pendem Cilacap mengalami beberapa perubahan fungsi seperti: 1) pada masa pendudukan Jepang digunakan sebagai markas pertahanan militer oleh Tentara Jepang, 2) pada masa kemerdekaan Indonesia sebagai tempat berlatih perang dan pendaratan laut oleh Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) Banteng Loreng Kesatuan Jawa Tengah, 3) Saat ini Benteng Pendem Cilacap menjadi salah satu objek wisata pendidikan dan sejarah Indonesia. Â Kata Kunci: Benteng Pendem; Cilacap; Fungsi Benteng.
Penggunaan Metode Tutor Sebaya Untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Materi Resistor
Authors: Fuadi Eny Haryanti 
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar materi resistor pada peserta didik kelas X TAV1 SMK Negeri 1 Adiwerna tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tutor sebaya yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitianÂ terjadi peningkatan aktivitas belajar peserta didik dari rata-rata 73,95 % pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 87,49 % pada siklus II. Hasil belajar peserta didik juga terjadi peningkatan dari kondisi awal prosentase jumlah peserta didik yang tuntas sebesar 56,25% meningkat menjadi 75% pada siklus I dan pada kondisi akhir siklus II menjadi 87,50 %. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar secara klasikal tergolong tuntas (telah melampaui ketuntasan klasikal yaitu 80 %). Â Â
DEFAMATION IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE: COLLEGIALITY OF DOCTORS VS. CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF DOCTORS' ACTIVITIES
Authors: Tereshko K. Y. 
Published: October 2021

From the scientific point of view, the issue of defamation is poorly researched and not properly regulated at the legislative level. This this issue is even more crucial if talking about defamation in the field of health care.
Defamation is the dissemination of unreliable information about a person, which degrades their honor and dignity, damages business reputation. Defamation is synonymous with the notion “humiliation of honor, dignity and business reputation”. In general, Ukrainian legislation does not use the term defamation, however, as a laconic meaningful word of foreign origin, it is actively used in practice and in the legislation of some other countries.
It should be noted that the unreliability (falsity) of the information disseminated together with the conclusion that it defames a person; are the integral part of the definition of responsibility for defamation. Otherwise, if the disseminated information does not defame the person, although it does not correspond to reality, there would be no defamatory tort.
Defamation is the legal institution through which civil law strikes a balance and implements the above-mentioned conflict between the constitutional right to refute unreliable information, i.e. the judicial protection of honor, dignity and business reputation, on the one hand; and, on the other, constitutional law to the freedom of thought and speech, freedom of the media.
Therefore, it is expedient to form a “defamatory balance” between the collegiality of physicians and a critical assessment of their conduct, which can be achieved by the prevailing right to freedom of expression to protect the lives and health of patients, action in the public interest, based on the case law of the European Court of Human Rights.
Modelamiento sísmico en base a unidades de albañilería de suelo cemento en la región Amazonas
Authors: Ramírez Vásquez Walter 
Published: October 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la respuesta al modelamiento sísmico de una vivienda en base a unidades de albañilería suelo cemento, en la Villa San Juan, Magdalena, región Amazonas, Perú, para tal finalidad se hizo la extracción de muestras de suelo y arena, para el análisis correspondiente en el Laboratorio de Suelos, Concreto y Asfalto de la Dirección Regional de Transportes y Comunicaciones de la región Amazonas, de ello se obtuvo una mezcla, con 40% de aporte de tierra colpar y un 60% de aporte arena de cerro, procediendo a elaborar el Ladrillo de Tierra Comprimida, con adición de 7%, 11%, 15% y 19% de cemento en peso respecto a la mezcla, determinándose sus propiedades físico-mecánicas; lo que generó estadísticamente un mejor comportamiento en sus propiedades físicas y mecánicas, en el lote experimental L3 (19%), concluyéndose que el modelamiento sísmico de la vivienda modelo, presenta respuesta admisible según normas E 0.70, E 0.30, E0.20 del RNE.
Vulnerabilidad sísmica estructural de instituciones educativas públicas, aplicando el método de benedetti-petrini
Authors: Moreto Tuesta Cristian , Mechato Jiménez María Jose , Díaz Jáuregui Guillermo Arturo 
Published: October 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la vulnerabilidad sísmica estructural de tres instituciones educativas públicas del centro histórico de la ciudad de Chachapoyas en la región Amazonas Perú. Se evaluaron tres instituciones educativas: Virgen Asunta, Institución Educativa Isabel Lynch de Rubio y la Institución Educativa Seminario Jesús María, aplicando el método de Benedetti y Petrini. Se encontró que la vulnerabilidad sísmica de la Institución Educativa Virgen Asunta, es BAJA, excepto los módulos C y D que presentan una vulnerabilidad MEDIA A BAJA. La vulnerabilidad sísmica de la Institución Educativa Isabel Lynch de Rubio, es BAJA, excepto los módulos D y E que presentan una vulnerabilidad MEDIA A BAJA. La vulnerabilidad sísmica de la Institución Educativa Seminario Jesús María, es BAJA. Finalmente se determinó que el Peligro Sísmico de las tres Instituciones Educativas Públicas del Centro Histórico de Chachapoyas en evaluación es MEDIO y la estimación del Riesgo Sísmico de las 03 Instituciones Educativas es MEDIO.
A method of hidden messages embedding in graphlike structures of a social network
Authors: Нечта И.В. 
Published: October 2021

Предложен новый метод передачи скрытых сообщений в социальных сетях на примере сети “Вконтакте”, позволяющий через структуру графа друзей пользователя внедрять секретные сообщения. Получены количественные оценки объема внедряемого сообщения в графы различного размера. Показана необходимость добавления избыточности во внедряемое сообщение. Представленный метод позволяет использовать другие графоподобные структуры социальной сети для внедрения скрытых сообщений.
Purpose. This article addresses the construction of a new method for transmission of hidden messages in social networks.

Methodology. The research employs methods of information theory, probability theory and mathematical statistics The Shannon entropy is used as the statistics for the analysis of an embedded message.

Findings. The author proposed using the graphical structures of social networks as a container for the secret message transmission for the first time. As an example, the popular Vkontakte network is considered. The main idea of the method involves using the structure of the user’s friends graph to embed a secret message. Based on the available vertices (friends’ accounts), a complete graph is constructed, and its edges are enumerated. Each edge of the graph corresponds to one bit of the message being embedded: the bit is “1”, if the edge is present in the graph (one account in friends of the other), the bit is “0” if the edge is missing.
To transfer the graph from one person to another, a key vertex is used. The specified vertex is connected by an edge with each connected component of the graph, which allows the graph to be transmitted using a single node and take into account all the vertices (including isolated ones). When retrieving a message, the key vertex and the edges connected to it are not considered.

Conclusions. During the experimental research, it was shown that messages extracted from an empty container differ from the encrypted message by the probability distribution of bits. The necessity of adding redundancy to transmitted secret messages is shown with the purpose of “leveling” the statistical properties of an empty and filled container. The results of the experiment have showed that this method of steganography allows embedding a large amount of information into various social network structures represented in the form of a graph. It was noted in the paper that potentially “narrow” place of the algorithm is registration of new accounts. The restrictions imposed by the administration of some social networks for security purposes do not always allow automatic registration of new accounts, which makes the process of message embedding more difficult.
Monitoring of cryogenic processes of the Yamal Peninsula based on radar data TANDEM-X and ALOS-2 PALSAR-2
Authors: Кирбижекова И.И. , Чимитдоржиев Т.Н. , Дворников Ю.А. , Дагуров П.Н. , Дмитриев А.В. , Быков М.Е. , Балтухаев А.К. 
Published: October 2021

Приведены результаты исследования возможности применения поляриметрических и интерферометрических данных X-иL-диапазонов TanDEM-X и ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 для мониторинга криогенных рельефообразующих процессов полуострова Ямал. Выполнен статистический анализ сезонных изменений интенсивности и параметров поляриметрической Н - А - α -декомпозиции на участках с оползнями, активно растущими и пассивными термоцирками научного полигона Васькины дачи.
The article presents the results of the developed methods for thermal-degradation processes detection and monitoring based on the X- and L-bands radar data. The research objects are developing thermocircuits and collapsing slopes in the coastal zone of ten lakes of “Vaskiny Dachi” polygon (Central Yamal, 70∘15′N, 69∘05′E). To detect the formed and active cryogenic formations TanDEM-X and ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 interferometric and polarimetric data (VV, VH) of 2015-2016 were used.

The research was carried out in three directions: 1) digital terrain models (DTM) with high resolution construction using differential interferometry methods and the cryogenic formations topographical features identification, temporal changes in DTMs observation; 2) comparative statistical analysis of the total intensity and the polarimetric Н-А-α -decomposition components for cryogenic formations and adjacent stable sites; 3) development of a technique for express detection of such formations on the basis of total intensity and polarimetric Н-А-α -decomposition components images texture.

It is established that the intensity, polarimetric characteristics, topography parameters and textures of radar images significantly differ from those for neighbouring stable regions (more than 3 σ ) for active thermocircuits. Intensity variations are most significant, but the localization of cryogenic formations can be limited by the radar survey geometric conditions. For passive thermocircuits, landslides in the coastal zone, deviation of intensity and polarimetric characteristics from background ∼ σ , therefore as an indicator a set of polarimetric Н-А-α -decomposition parameters should be used. Combining parameters α and H can be the basis for express diagnostics of the occurrence and activation of cryogenic processes in the area of the present study.
Mathematical modelling of woody particles pyrolysis in a fixed bed
Authors: Донской Игорь Геннадьевич 
Published: October 2021

Рассмотрена задача термического разложения совокупности последовательно расположенных древесных частиц с учетом внешнего тепломассообмена с газовым потоком и внутренних физико-химических процессов (теплопроводность, диффузия, фильтрация, сушка и химическая реакция). Математическая модель строится из субмоделей одиночных частиц, сопряженных по потокам теплоты и массы. Результаты численных расчетов позволяют исследовать динамическое поведение частиц в условиях плотного слоя, что представляет интерес при проектировании малых энергетических установок на биотопливе.
The development of new energy technologies requires the improvement of mathematical models to describe the physical and chemical processes taking place in power plants. The process of wood particles fixed-bed pyrolysis is investigated in this paper: this process takes place both in the traditional combustion of wood fuels in fixed-bed boilers and in energotechnology processes aimed at producing combustible gases and chemical products (tar, charcoal). The problem of pyrolysis of a set of successively located wood particles is considered. Each particle is considered as an object with an internal distribution of temperature, pressure and concentrations. A system of equations is constructed for a single particle, including external heat and mass transfer between the particles and the ambient gas flow combined with internal physicochemical processes (heat conduction, diffusion, filtration, drying and chemical brutto-reaction of the organic mass decomposition producing gases and solid residue). The temperature of the gas in the pores of the particles is equal to the temperature of the solid. Using the model of pyrolysis of a single particle, it is possible to reproduce the known experimental data. The mathematical model of a fixed-bed pyrolysis is based on submodels of single particles, conjugated over heat and mass flows. The interaction between the particles composing the layer is reduced to heat fluxes: radiant heat transfer between the surfaces of adjacent particles occurs in the bed, as well as convective heat transfer between the heated gas and particles. The result is that each next particle layer is heated at a smaller temperature difference. On the one hand, the intensity of heat transfer decreases, on the other hand, the efficiency of using heat increases. The results of numerical calculations make it possible to study the dynamic behavior of particles in a fixed bed, which is of interest in the design of small power plants using biofuels.