bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution in Product Design and Development Processes
Authors: Gierhardt Heiko , Gaul Hans-Dieter , Ott Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to meet the increasing requirements of costs, lead time and quality in global distributed product design and development processes a basis is process optimization through purposeful distribution as well as minimizing distribution disadvantages.
Based on this the project “Distributed Product Design and Development Processes at BMW AG” wants to elaborate methods and tools for early recognition of distribution problems as well as possible solutions for these problems.
This paper primarily presents the elaborated methodical basis of distribution regarding the conclusions of process analysis.
A main result of this is the Taxonomy System as a tool and method for process optimization.
LearnIT: A System That Can Learn and Reuse Design Strategies
Authors: Stahovich Thomas F. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We describe a system called LearnIT that can observe an iterative solution to a parametric design problem and learn the design strategy employed. The program represents the strategy as a set of rules, which it then uses to automatically generate new design solutions when the design requirements change. Because the rules are learned from the original designer, these new solutions reflect the original designer’s engineering judgment and knowledge of implicit constraints. LearnIT’s approach is based on the observation that often iterative design is actually a form of debugging: each iteration is an attempt to repair a particular flaw in the design. Thus, a program can learn the designer’s strategy by observing what actions are taken in response to each kind of flaw. We have found that the state of the design constraints (satisfied or not satisfied) is a good indicator of what flaws are being addressed at any given time. Because of its ability to capture and reuse the original designer’s understanding of the problem, LearnIT’s primary use is as a design documentation system. However, because it can learn and reuse a design strategy, it can also be considered a design automation tool.
Design Process Elicitation Through the Evaluation of Integrated Model Structures
Authors: Wallace David R. , Abrahamson Shaun M. , Borland Nicholas P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Refinement of product design processes is recognized as a means for organizations to impact lead times, cost, and quality. Although methods such as the design structure matrix (DSM) exist to analyze design processes, their applications have been limited by overhead in collecting data and maintaining accurate representations. Representation timeliness and resolution issues have typically led to static, high-level process views. In this work, the design process is derived dynamically from an evolving network of design resources inter-related by service dependencies. This network is created to simulate the state of a product design. Through the analysis of resulting dependencies, high-resolution networks of task and parameter interdependency can be extracted. A software module is developed to provide the service of automatically extracting and analyzing the structure of service exchanges in integrated design models. The module provides a matrix or DSM visualization of service relationships and mechanisms to sort resources according to service priority. This allows for realtime evaluation of design processes as models of the product evolve, providing information to guide the strategic addition of resources.
Systems Engineering Design Projects in Freshmen Engineering Courses
Authors: Frise Peter R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The first year of most engineering programs: does not normally include much material in engineering practice or design, nor are professionalism, human factors or the concept of an engineering system solution to design problems emphasized. This lack of engineering content has been found to be a factor in the relatively high failure rate in the first year due to students not becoming interested in, and energized by, their studies.
The author has developed a number of open-ended design problems which have been successful in teaching the engineering method to freshmen students while at the same time not over-taxing their relatively undeveloped engineering analysis skills. The projects are described and examples are available upon request from the author to allow interested readers to use them in their own programs.
The other benefit of these projects has been in identifying students who have difficulty with written communications. Using the design project reports as a diagnostic tool we have been able to refer these students to assistance with their writing skills from the on-campus writing tutorial service.
A Team-Based Undergraduate Module in Embodiment Design
Authors: Henson Brian W. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper describes a new module in embodiment design that updates the teaching of engineering design at Level 2 in the School of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Leeds. The new module is team-based, uses a 3D solid modeling system and emphasizes the process over the product of the design process. The module replaces one in which students worked alone to produce a detailed drawing of a sub-assembly at a drafting board. The development and content of the module, and the congruency of the learning outcomes with the level objectives, are described. Problems associated with the reliability and validity of assessing process-oriented team-based projects are considered.
A Design Process Model for Multiview Behavior Simulations of Complex Products
Authors: Andersson Kjell 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Mechanical engineering today often have to deal with products having complex relations between subsystems. This means that it is harder or in certain cases impossible to get an overall holistic view of the products behavior. This can be supported by CAE tools where a single component or in some cases the whole system (or product) can be modeled and the behavior or performance can be estimated. Modern CAD and CAE tools allows for associativity between them and thus supports integration of data on the component level. However, when dealing with systems (products) composed of subsystems and components, the integration of data is not yet enough developed and thus restricting engineers in their efforts to simulate the systems behavior.
This paper presents an approach to behavior modeling of complex products which is related as an activity in a general design process model. This design process model allows for different views within each design phase which can correspond to different behavior analysis that can be needed during this phase. The approach to behavior modeling is based on treating the product as a system consisting of subsystem models that can be composed and configured for simulation of different types of physical behavior. The concept of mating features and interface features are introduced as modeling elements for configuration of system models. A modeling framework, based on commercial CAD/CAE/PDM software and a rough methodology is introduced. Finally, the approach is illustrated on an industrial case.
Intelligent Product Data Exchange
Authors: Grote Karl-H. , Schumann Soeren 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The computer based engineering design process today is characterized by a large variety of (specialized) systems. This and the ongoing globalization and outsourcing of engineering services and competencies causes an increased need for data exchange over the borders of the numerous CAx-systems.
Under these circumstances, data exchange has been playing an important role for time and cost sensitive development and manufacturing in every field of industry.
This paper presents actual problems and solutions of data exchange over the borders of modern software platforms. It includes the description of possible influences on a product data model and introduces the latest data exchange concepts.
Flexible Computer Support of Systematic Design Processes: A View Back
Authors: Tegel Oliver 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A cradle for systematic approaches to product development processes, the Institute for Engineering Design at Technical University Berlin, Germany was one of the first trying to achieve a continuous and flexible computer support throughout the whole product development process. The history of the development of concepts and implementations is presented in this paper, and the major lessons learned during 15 years of research are presented.
A Comprehensive Study of Instance-As-Type Phenomenon in Product Date Modelling
Authors: Zhang W. J. , Li Q. , Tso S. K. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive discussion of the Instance-As-Type (IAT) phenomenon that is observed in the development of complex engineering/product design databases. Basically, IAT reflects a kind of data dependency in databases; in particular it means that a data object appears both in the form of a type and in the form of an instance. As it is well known, uncontrolled data dependencies may lead to information inconsistency and thus severely affect the effectiveness of the product development process. It is therefore very important to develop strategies to cope with IAT in the design of complex engineering databases. The contributions of this paper lie in several aspects. It has provided a more comprehensive description of IAT, including an argument that IAT is in fact not a kind of data redundancy but data dependency. It has also clarified the two and only two feasible strategies for dealing with IAT, i.e., one making IAT absent in a database (strategy 1) and the other preserving IAT by providing a means to control it (strategy 2). The advantages and disadvantages associated with these two strategies have been discussed. Finally, this paper has pointed out that the implementation of strategy 2 can be realized by using general-purpose database management systems (DBMSs) by developing an enhanced program module. A general way to implement this module has also been outlined.
A Study for Process Representation Using STEP
Authors: Hwang Ho-Jin , Lee Soo-Hong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study proposes a process information model which can integrate various activities during the product development process, and develops the system which can manage the process. Development process information will allow designers and managers to access previous tasks readily arid utilize the information in making decisions at hand. While developing products in heterogeneous and distributed environments, concurrent and collaborative designs can be achieved by STEP. The process model in this study divides the. task of product development into two fundamental parts, Specific Process (SP) and Normal Process (NP). SP includes the specific information and refer to those defined by prior STEP. NP is routine process excluded from being defined as SP. Due date information can be added to manage development pace and to show delayed tasks. As two or more different processes can be linked to show the entire development flow, static STEP information can be dynamically interlaced. Remote location operations cm be incorporated on the Internet using STEP, and information can be shared. The system has been built upon a process model schema so that task stage, design history, and different development style can be managed and accessed for each component. The system has been proven efficient in information management and exchange by several scenario testings.
Representation of Burr Information in CAD Models
Authors: Jayaram Uma , Cramer David , Mathrubutham Narayanan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Burr removal and deburring can often account for as much as one-third the cost of producing a part. Much attention is being focussed on integrating the deburring process into the product and manufacturing processes. Consequently there is a need for a system which can represent burr information in the CAD model as part of the product “master” model. In this paper, we present a method to capture burr information from the physical part and integrate that information with the CAD model of the part. Burr location and size information were recorded for the physical part. Methods were developed to encapsulate this information automatically in the CAD model through the applications program interface. This information was used to automatically create NC operations and sequences for downstream deburring.
A Design Knowledge Management Framework for Active Design Support
Authors: Pahng Gundong Francis , Ha Sungdo , Park Sehyung 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Product design is a knowledge-intensive activity. Many product development companies have recognized that design knowledge obtained by individual designers is a valuable asset to a company for enhancing the competitiveness of products the company designs and produces. Therefore, companies are becoming more concerned with the effective use of design knowledge accumulated over previous design practices and the qualitative and quantitative utilization of the knowledge toward the rapidly changing market.
This paper presents a design knowledge management framework called Active Design Support (ADS). ADS framework is aimed to provide designers with critical design knowledge and guide them toward rational design decisions based upon relevant design errors and successful design decisions in the past during product development processes. Based upon a formal information modeling for managing design information, ADS framework determines and proactively provides the critical design knowledge for designers. To provide an intuitive starting point for retrieving design knowledge, ADS framework also provides a set of different viewpoint, called Knowledge Perspective, for browsing the knowledge base of ADS framework.
The Use of XML for Describing Functions and Taxonomies in Computer-Based Design
Authors: Szykman Simon , Senfaute Jocelyn , Sriram Ram D. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A standardized representation of engineering function has been developed, consisting of schemata for functions and associated flows along with taxonomies of generic functions and flows. This paper presents a mapping of this representation into the Extensible Markup Language (XML), a language similar in appearance to HTML but which allows the development of user-defined tags, various kinds of references, and other mechanisms. The formal representation provides the means for representing functions that have multiple input and output flows, properties and parameters associated with these flows, and the decomposition of functions into subfunctions each potentially having its own distinct flows. This mapping has been developed in order to support representation of artifact function models in software systems, as well as to provide a neutral format for exchange of function-based information among software systems.
Experimental Investigation of Vibration Suppression Control for Flexible Robot Arm
Authors: Inoue Kengo , Kobayashi Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Experimental evaluation of the vibration suppression control performance about the output feedback sliding mode controller for the two-link flexible robot arm is presented. The reduce-order controller is designed based on a kind of the component mode synthesis modeling methodology, and is also designed by the combination of the suboptimal output feedback control and the sliding mode control algorithm. From the experiments of the two-link flexible robot arm model, the good agreement between the numerical simulation results and the experimental ones are obtained not only the motion of the joints but also the arm vibration. And it is verified that the presented output feedback sliding mode controller suppresses the vibration of the flexible arm quit well for various attitude.
A Design Method of TDOF Controller for Sampled-Data Control System: A Method Using Dynamical Model of Feedback Controller
Authors: Hirata Mitsuo , Murase Akiyo , Atsumi Takenori , Nonami Kenzo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It has been proposed the design method of the two-degree-of-freedom (TDOF) controller which use the dynamical model of the feedback controller. In this study, we apply this design method to the sampled-data control system. The TDOF controller is obtained so that the output of the TDOF system follows the output of the model transfer function considering the intersample behaviors.
Adaptive Seeking Control for Magnetic Disk Drives
Authors: Kobayashi Masahito , Yamaguchi Takashi , Hirai Hiromu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The digital servo system of a magnetic disk drive has to overcome poor seek control performance caused by the mechanical gain variations and force disturbance variations in each disk. This paper presents an adaptive seek control strategy which adjusts the acceleration feedforward gain to minimize the square of the velocity error. The adaptive seek control is implemented using a digital signal processor and its control performance is good.
Design of Centrifugal Type Artificial Blood Pump Using Combined Motor-Bearing
Authors: Okada Yohji , Masuzawa Toru , Kita Toshiyuki , Matsuda Ken-ichi , Ohishi Tetsuo , Taenaka Yoshiyuki , Yamane Takashi , Chen Chen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Application of non-contact, rotary pump for use in artificial heart is highly efficient and prevent thrombosis formation. This paper introduces two types of test design; one is using radial type combined motor-bearing with centrifugal pump. The water pumping test is carried out to confirm the performance. The other one is using axial type combined motor-bearing. The axial type motor controls only one degree-of-freedom in z direction. To control two tilt directions a hybrid (HB) type tilt magnetic bearings are attached on the other surface. Hence it has three active control degrees. Experimental results of the proposed rotary pumps show high potential for its application in artificial heart.
Energy Regenerative Damper Using Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) Step-up Chopper
Authors: Kim Sang-Soo , Okada Yohji 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper describes a new technique of improving the efficiency of an energy regenerative damper. It is intended for an electro-dynamic type vibration damper to regenerate vibration energy efficiently. Normally regenerative damper can regenerate vibration energy only at high speed motion. For low speed motion, the damper has nonlinear characteristics with dead zone and the energy is not regenerated. In order to overcome the problem of dead zone, a step-up chopper is introduced between the actuator and the charging circuit. The energy is regenerated from the low speed and low voltage actuator to high voltage charging circuit. This paper also proposes a new control technique to the step-up chopper by using pulse width modulated (PWM) signal. The proposed damper is applied to a dynamic damper system and is simulated on a computer. A simple experiment is performed to confirm the proposed technique. The results show an improvement in performance than the usual regenerative damper.
Response Control of Structures With Hysteretic Restoring Force
Authors: Iba Daisuke , Sone Akira 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Recently, in order to enhance the habitable amenities, passive and active control of structures subjected to weak earthquake and wind response by using tuned mass damper (TMD) has been proposed and has been applied. However, the ordinary tuned mass damper is difficult to control the response of structures under the strong earthquake. This paper deals with the response control of a structure by a tuned mass damper with lever and pendulum mechanism (LP-TMD) under the strong earthquake. We applied sliding mode control method to control the response of the four-degree-of-freedom structure with hysteretic restoring force, and we compared the performance of the sliding mode control system with that of the LQ control system.
Identification of Structural Parameters by Wavelet Transform of Acceleration Response
Authors: Sone Akira , Segawa Ryutaro , Yamamoto Shizuo , Masuda Arata , Hata Hiroaki 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The method to identify structural parameters of multi-degree of freedom structures by the wavelet transform of displacement response is previously proposed However, the vibration of structure is measured by the accelerometers. Therefore, if it is possible to identify structural parameters by the wavelet transform of only acceleration responses, it is very useful. In this paper, the method to identify structural parameters such as stiffness and damping by wavelet transform of acceleration responses is presented. To verify the applicability of the proposed method, numerical simulations using the single degree of freedom structure and the four-degree-of-freedom structure and the experiments using simple structural model are conducted. From both results, it has been clear that the proposed method can give the good estimation for the structural parameters.
Design and Control of a Linear Electrostrictive Motor
Authors: Hu Min , Du Hejun , Ling Shihfu , Li Yong , Zhou Zhaoying 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a novel linear electrostrictive motor with high resolution and large stroke for ultra-precision motion control. High thrust force is obtained by taking use an electromagnetic clamping mechanism with force magnifying structure in the motor design. An operator alterable P-type iterative learning control algorithm is proposed for the digital control of the motor. A prototype of the motor, which is 60mm in diameter and 120mm in length, is designed, built and tested. Experimental results show that the prototype has a mechanical resolution of 0.02μm, less than 2μm yawing error and maximum thrust force of 30N. Applications of the motor include producing the servo feed motions required in micro electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) system or as a precision motion device for other micro machining systems.
Active Compensation Control of Wind Force and Wire Roughness for Current Collector Using Optical Fiber Sensor
Authors: Yoshida Kazuo , Ukita Masaaki , Makino Toshiaki 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
For railways speed up such as 350km/h, it is particularly important to reduce noise caused by current collector for environmental problem. For a solution, a diamond shaped low-noise current collector has been developed. However, it becomes difficult for the current collector to maintain the predetermined contact force between the contact strip and the trolley-wire. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the active control to keep the contact force uniform. However, there is a serious problem for the active control that it is difficult to put sensors in high voltage region. In this paper, an application of plastic optical fiber sensor is devised and it is applied to the control system. In the experiment, the usefulness of the proposed sensor and control system is demonstrated.
Simultaneous Control of Vertical and Horizontal Vibrations of Base-Isolated Buildings Using Bidirectional Active Dynamic Vibration Absorber
Authors: Watanabe Toru , Yoshida Kazuo , Fukunishi Yasuyuki 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, active simultaneous control of vertical and horizontal vibrations of base-isolated buildings is dealt with. Bidirectional active dynamic vibration absorber is introduced as the vibration reduction equipment, while the feedforward augmented linear optimal control law is adopted to obtain controller. Numerical calculations and control experiments are carried out and the effectiveness of presented vibration reduction system is confirmed.