bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) in acute psychiatric inpatients
Authors: López-Lazcano Ana Isabel , López-Pelayo Hugo , Balcells-Oliveró Mercè , Segura Lidia , Gual Solé Antoni 
Published: June 2021

The aims of this study were to examine the psychometric properties of The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) in psychiatric inpatients, due to the scarcity of screening instruments validated in this population. Patients from Hospital Clínic’s psychiatric ward (n = 202) completed: ASSIST, Addiction Severity Index (ASI), MINI-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS), and Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST). Reliability and validity evidences based on internal structure (Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses) and on the relation to other variables were obtained. Excellent internal consistency was found for Total Substance Involvement (TSI) (α = .92 and ω = .93) and for Specific Substance Involvement (SSI) scores (α = .88 - .96 and ω = .89 - .95). Analysis of internal structure for tobacco, alcohol and cannabis subscales resulted in unidimensional models with adequate goodness-of-fit indices. ASSIST scores were significantly correlated with those of ASI (r = .795 to r = .953), AUDIT (r = .864), FTND (r = .808), DAST (r = .831), SDS (r = .519) and with “number of diagnoses of abuse/dependence” in MINI-Plus (TSI: r = .857 to r = .862; SSI: r = .646 to r = .834). Receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC) and Mann-Whitney’s U test found good discriminative validity evidences. ASSIST scores showed good reliability and there were validity evidences that support its use for identifying risk levels of tobacco, alcohol and other substance use in psychiatric patients.
Transoral Gunshot Injury Resulting in Mechanical Block to Cervical Rotation
Authors: Jones Tyler J. , Stanley Alexandra L. , McCarthy Michael J.H. 
Published: June 2021

Case:
We report a case of self-inflicted transoral gunshot injury in a 24-year-old man resulting in mechanical block to cervical rotation. Anterior surgical removal of the pellet was successful with the patient experiencing no early or long-term functional deficits.

Conclusion:
Given the rarity of a cervical spine injury from gunshot wound without long-term complications, this unique case supports the role of early operative management in such injuries.
Using the Backward Probability Method in contaminant source identification with a finite-duration source loading in a river
Authors: Khoshgou Hossein , Neyshabouri Seyed Ali Akbar Salehi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Violation of industries in discharging their effluents into rivers leads to river pollution, which endangers the environment and human health. Appropriate tools are needed to deal with violations and protect rivers. The Backward Probability Method (BPM) is one of the most recommended tools identifying the release time and location of the pollutant source. However, the BPM generally was developed for groundwater and spill injection. Since most industries inject their effluents with a constant rate for a finite-duration, the use of prevailing models will have some errors. In this study, a numerical model was developed that could simulate a source with either a finite-duration or spill injection. This model is verified for two hypothetical cases and one real case. The results show that the model can accurately identify the release time and location of the pollutant source.
The Impact of Income Inequality on Environmental Quality: A Sectoral-Level Analysis
Authors: Alataş Sedat , Akın Tuğba 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
There is a growing literature on the relationship between income inequality and emissions. However, these studies ignore the sectoral level differences in carbon emissions. We argue that the environmental effect of inequality might vary at the sectoral level. Our main purpose is to contribute to this growing literature on the inequality-emissions nexus by considering sectoral-level differences. For that purpose, we focus on five different sectors: power industry, buildings, transport, other industrial combustion, and other sectors. To specify our model, we augment the environmental Kuznets curve framework with income inequality by controlling the effect of globalization and urbanization. Our country sample consists of 28 OECD economies for the period between 1990 and 2018. Methodologically, we apply the second-generation panel unit root, cointegration tests, and estimators, which produce robust results against the cross-sectional dependence. Our findings reveal that not only income but also income inequality is a crucial factor in explaining changes in sectoral emissions. While rising income inequality increases carbon emissions from the power and building sectors, this finding turns out to be negative for the transport, other industrial combustion, and other sectors. Our results suggest that policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions should be designed at the sectoral level.
Towards Practical and Robust DNA-Based Data Archiving Using ‘Yin-Yang Codec’ System
Authors: Ping Zhi , Chen Shihong , Zhou Guangyu , Huang Xiaoluo , Zhu Sha Joe , Zhang Haoling , Lee Henry H. , Lan Zhaojun , Cui Jie , Chen Tai , Zhang Wenwei , Yang Huanming , Xu Xun , Church George , Shen Yue 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
DNA is a promising data storage medium due to its remarkable durability and space-efficient storage. Early bit-to-base transcoding schemes have primarily pursued information density, at the expense however of introducing biocompatibility challenges or at the risk of decoding failure. Here, we propose a robust transcoding algorithm named the “Yin-Yang Codec” (YYC), using two rules to encode two binary bits into one nucleotide, to generate DNA sequences highly compatible with synthesis and sequencing technologies. We encoded two representative file formats and stored them in vitro as 200-nt oligo pools and in vivo as an ~54-kb DNA fragment in yeast cells. Sequencing results show that YYC exhibits high robustness and reliability for a wide variety of data types, with an average recovery rate of 99.94% at 104 molecule copies and an achieved recovery rate of 87.53% at 100 copies. In addition, the in vivo storage demonstration achieved for the first time an experimentally measured physical information density of 198.8 EB per gram of DNA (44% of the theoretical maximum for DNA).
Nodule-Inception-Like Protein (NLP) Gene Family Identified in Physcomitrella Patens Genome Responds to Variable Nitrogen Supply
Authors: Fareed Muhammad Irfan , Jan Sami Ullah , Nazish Tahmina , Liaqat Ayesha , Javaid Ayesha , Ali Mohsin , Mufti Farees Ud Din , Fayyaz Muhammad , Rehman Maha , Jamil Muhammad , Gul Sarah , Munir Faiza , Amir Rabia , Gul Alvina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
NODULE-INCEPTION-like proteins (NLPs) are plant specific transcription factors that play significant role in orchestrating nitrogen response. NLPs have been widely studied in vascular plants but very less is known about NLPs in non-vascular bryophytes till date. In current study, first, the in silico tools were employed for identification and characterization of NLPs in model bryophyte Physcomitrella patens genome. Furthermore, the expression profiles of PpNLPs were assessed under variable supply of nitrogen. A total of 6 Physcomitrella patens NLP genes (PpNLPs) were identified that shared resemblance in their physical and chemical attributes with Arabidopsis thaliana NLPs (AtNLPs). PpNLP genes possesses similarities in there iso-electric point and hydropathicity values with those of AtNLPs while gene lengths, protein lengths, and molecular weights were found higher in PpNLPs than AtNLPs. It was further observed that all PpNLPs, except PpNLP6, yield acidic hydrophilic proteins localized in nucleus and share a significant degree of homology in their gene structures and protein motifs with AtNLPs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that PpNLPs possess significant evolutionary linkage with Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Zea mays. Protein-protein interaction analysis suggested that PpNLPs possess substantial coordination with nitrogen responsive genes like nitrate reductase. Expressions of all PpNLPs were up-regulated in the availability of nitrate (5 and 10 mM) as sole nitrogen source while no significant increment was observed in the absence (0 mM) of nitrogen. The expression levels increased with increasing retention-time treatment of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Results proposed that NLPs are responsive to as well as significantly regulated by nitrogen supply.
Hydrothermal Deposition as a Novel Method for the Preparation of Co-Mn Mixed Oxide Catalysts Supported on Stainless Steel Meshes: Application to VOC Oxidation
Authors: Topka Pavel , Jirátová Květuše , Dvořáková Michaela , Balabánová Jana , Koštejn Martin , Kovanda František 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a novel method for the preparation of structured Co-Mn mixed oxide catalysts: deposition on stainless steel meshes by hydrothermal synthesis. The use of meshes enabled the deposition of a thin layer of the active phase, which significantly suppressed the influence of internal diffusion. Consequently, the prepared catalysts exhibited from 48 to 114 times higher catalytic activity in ethanol oxidation than the commercial pelleted Co-Mn-Al catalyst. Moreover, we have shown that their catalytic activity correlated with the amount of surface oxygen vacancies determined by XPS. Finally, the outstanding activity of the catalyst with Co:Mn ratio of 0.5 was ascribed to the mutual effect of high number of oxygen vacancies and exceptional redox properties.
Mapping of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones: A Case Study of Maputaland Coastal Plain, South Africa
Authors: Ponnusamy Denisha , Rajmohan N , Li Peiyue , Thirumurugan M , Sabarathinam Chidambaram , Elumalai Vetrimurugan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The potential groundwater zones of the Maputaland coastal plain of Kwazulu-Natal is identified by comparing the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-Multi criteria decision-making (MCDM)techniqueand Boolean logical approach. The map of groundwater potential zones was prepared by generation and integration of 8 thematic layers, i.e. geology, geomorphology, lineament density, soils, slope, rainfall and land use. Each thematic layer wereassigned with subjective relative weights under AHP-MCDM technique and Boolean logic and were overlaid in aGIS platform to identify the groundwater potential zones. The groundwater potential zones were delineated under two different GIS techniques to obtain confident results. Weights of thematic layers were allocated using AHP normalized eigen vector methodology and weighted linear combination method was employed to find the groundwater potential index.Whereas in a Boolean approach, AND operator was appliedin order to integrate thematic layers to delineate the groundwater potential zones. The delineated groundwater potential maps using AHP-MCDM technique indicates that 6.0% (310.5 km2) from total area falls under very good; 67% (3467 km2) good; 25% (1294 km2) poor and 2% (103.5 km2) under very poor, whereas in Boolean logic about 70 % of the area (i.e. 3623 km2) constitutes good and 30 % (1552 km2) of the areasconstitutes poor groundwater potential zone. Further, the obtained results indicate thatthe geology, geomorphology, landuse and slope playeda vital role in groundwater recharge. Thispioneer study in maputaland coastal plainexplores the baseline data of the potential groundwater zones. The resultsemanating from this study can be used in further understanding of the available groundwater resources and can be helpful in future to find the suitable groundwater exploration sites in the area.
Phylogeny of Leptographium Qinlingensis Cytochrome P450 Genes and Their Expression When Grown on Different Media or Treated With Terpenoids
Authors: Dai Lulu , Zheng Jie , Ye Jiaqi , Chen Hui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Leptographium qinlingensis is a fungal associate of the Chinese white pine beetle (Dendroctonus armandi) and a pathogen of the Chinese white pine (Pinus armandi) that must overcome the terpenoid oleoresin defences of host trees. We identified and phylogenetically analysed the cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in the transcriptome of L. qinlingensis. Through analyses of the growth rates on different nutritional media and inhibition by terpenoids, the expression profiles of six CYPs in the mycelium of L. qinlingensis grown on different media or treated with terpenoids were determined. The CYP evolution predicted that most of the CYPs occurred in a putative common ancestor shared between L. qinlingensis and G. clavigera. This fungus is symbiotic with D. armandi and has more similarity with G. clavigera, which can retrieve nutrition from pine wood and utilize monoterpenes as the sole carbon source. Some CYP genes might be involved in the metabolism of fatty acids and detoxification of terpenes and phenolics, as observed in other blue-stained fungi, which also indicates the pathogenic properties of L. qinlingensis in Chinese white pine.
Relationship of Sagittal Spinal Alignment With Low Back Pain And Physical Performance In A Population-Based Japanese Cohort: The Wakayama Spine Study
Authors: Hira Kazuhiro , Nagata Keiji , Hashizume Hiroshi , Asai Yoshiki , Oka Hiroyuki , Tsutsui Shunji , Takami Masanari , Iwasaki Hiroshi , Muraki Shigeyuki , Iidaka Toshiko , Akune Toru , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Nakamura Kozo , Yoshida Munehito , Tanaka Sakae , Yoshimura Noriko , Yamada Hiroshi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Studies have suggested a relationship between sagittal malalignment of the spine and low back pain (LBP). The Wakayama Spine Study investigated the relationship between spinal alignment, LBP, and physical performance in 1491 individuals who attended a second follow-up visit as part of the ROAD Study and for whom standing lateral spinal radiographs were available. The sagittal vertical axis at C7 (C7 SVA) was measured by a spinal surgeon. LBP in the previous month was determined by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and indicators of physical performance were measured. The mean C7 SVA was 11.0 ± 42.7 mm and significantly greater in older subjects (p<0.001). Based on their C7 SVA, the subjects were divided into small (<40 mm), intermediate (40≤SVA<95 mm), and large (≥95 mm) groups. LBP was more prevalent in subjects with a larger C7 SVA (small, 35.7%; intermediate, 47.3%; large, 59.4%; p<0.001) and those with a higher ODI score (10.0%, 17.5%, and 29.4%, respectively; p<0.001). Physical performance was significantly decreased in subjects with a larger C7 SVA (p<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that LBP and physical performance were significantly associated with C7 SVA (p<0.001). Thus, sagittal malalignment of the spine may lead to LBP and decreased physical performance.
Detailed Clinical Features and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in an OTOF-Related Hearing Loss Cohort in Japan
Authors: Iwasa Yoh-ichiro , Nishio Shin-ya , Yoishimura Hidekane , Sugaya Akiko , Kataoka Yuko , Maeda Yukihide , Kanda Yukihiko , Nagai Kyoko , Naito Yasushi , Yamazaki Hiroshi , Ikezono Tetsuo , Matsuda Han , Nakai Masako , Tona Risa , Sakurai Yuika , Motegi Remi , Takeda Hidehiko , Kobayashi Marina , Kihara Chiharu , Ishino Takashi , Morita Shin-ya , Iwasaki Satoshi , Takahashi Masahiro , Furutate Sakiko , Oka Shin-ichiro , Kubota Toshinori , Arai Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Yumiko , Kikuchi Daisuke , Shintani Tomoko , Ogasawara Noriko , Honkura Yohei , Izumi Shuji , Hyogo Misako , Ninoyu Yuzuru , Suematsu Mayumi , Nakayama Jun , Tsuchihashi Nana , Okami Mayuri , Sakata Hideaki , Yoshihashi Hiroshi , Kobayashi Taisuke , Kumakawa Kozo , Yoshida Tadao , Esaki Tomoko , Usami Shin-ichi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
OTOF is one of the most frequent causes of hereditary hearing loss and a main cause of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). Although it is reported that most of the patients with OTOF mutations have stable, congenital or prelingual onset severe-to-profound hearing loss, some patients show atypical clinical phenotypes, and the genotype-phenotype correlation in the patients with OTOF mutations is not yet fully understood. In this study, we aimed to reveal detailed clinical characteristics of OTOF-related hearing loss patients and the genotype-phenotype correlation. Detailed clinical information was available for 65 patients in our database who were diagnosed with OTOF-related hearing loss. As reported previously, most of the patients (90.8%) showed a “typical” phenotype, prelingual and severe-to-profound hearing loss. Forty-seven patients (72.3%) underwent cochlear implantation surgery and showed successful outcomes; approximately 85-90% of the patients showed a hearing level of 20-39dB with cochlear implant and a CAP scale (Categories of Auditory Performance) level 6 or better. Although truncating mutations and p.R1939Q were clearly related to severe phenotype, almost half of patients with one or more non-truncating mutations showed mild-to-moderate hearing loss. Notably, patients with p.H513R, p.I1573T and p.E1910K showed “true” auditory neuropathy-like clinical characteristics. In this study, we have clarified genotype-phenotype correlation and efficacy of cochlear implantation for OTOF-related hearing loss patients in the biggest cohort studied to date. We believe that the clinical characteristics and genotype-phenotype correlation found in this study will support preoperative counseling and appropriate intervention for OTOF-related hearing loss patients.
Zinc Protoporphyrin Binding to Telomerase Complexes and Inhibition of Telomerase Activity
Authors: Zhu Zhaowen , Tran Huy , Mathahs Meleah M. , Fink Brian D. , Albert John A. , Moninger Thomas O. , Meier Jeffery L. , Li Ming , Schmidt Warren N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) is a naturally occurring metalloprotoporphyrin (MPP) that is currently under development as a chemotherapeutic agent although its mechanism is unclear. Similar to natural and synthetic porphyrins, MPPs are thought to bind DNA and stabilize secondary structures such as guanine quadruplexes (G-4) and thus potentially impact telomerase activity and DNA synthesis which are important targets for chemotherapy. Interactions of MPPs with telomerase have not been previously reported. Methods: We wished to evaluate the effects of common MPPs, i.e., ZnPP, tin protoporphyrin (SnPP), and iron protoporphyrin (FePP), on cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and telomerase activity in hepatoma cells. The cytotoxicities of porphyrins were determined by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Native agarose gel electrophoresis was used to identify ZnPP binding of telomerase complexes. Inhibition of telomerase activity by ZnPP was assessed by conventional telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) and direct telomerase activity assays. Colocalization of ZnPP with telomerase was analyzed with immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopic analysis. Results: ZnPP was the most effective MPP for decreasing DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation, while promoting apoptosis in cultured hepatocytes. Concurrently, ZnPP down-regulated telomerase expression and was the best overall inhibitor of telomerase activity in intact cells and in vitro assays, with IC50 and EC50 values of ca 2.5 and 6 µM respectively. The natural fluorescence properties of ZnPP enabled direct imaging in cellular fractions using non-denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis, western blots, and confocal fluorescence microscopy. ZnPP localized to large cellular complexes (> 600kD) that contained telomerase and dyskerin as confirmed with immunocomplex mobility shift, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblot analyses. Confocal fluorescence studies showed that ZnPP co-localized with telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and telomeres in the nucleus of synchronized S-phase cells. ZnPP also co-localized with TERT in the perinuclear regions of log phase cells but did not co-localize with telomeres on the ends of metaphase chromosomes, a site known to be devoid of telomerase complexes. Taken together, these results suggest that ZnPP does not bind to telomeric sequences per se, but alternatively, interacts with other structural components of the telomerase complex to inhibit telomerase enzymatic activity. Conclusions. ZnPP can actively interfere with telomerase activity in neoplastic cells, thus eliciting pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative properties. These data support further development of natural or synthetic protoporphyrins for use as chemotherapeutic agents to augment current treatment protocols for a number of neoplasms.
Exploring Markers to Classify and Evaluate Ketosis Onset Diabetes: a Randomized Clinical Trails
Authors: Liu Beiyan , Li Lin , Bai Liwei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: There are many patients, who start with the symptoms of ketosis or ketoacidosis, but their clinical and genetic characteristics are distinct. In this research, we studied the clinical, immune, and genetic characteristics of ketosis-onset diabetes, and the relationship between the clinical characteristics, anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibody, and microRNAs.Methods: To study the clinical characteristics, 200 patients with newly onset diabetes mellitus along with ketosis or ketoacidosis were randomly selected. The male population in this study was 60.9%, with ages ranging from 7 to 72 years old, where 27% of the patients’ body mass index was ≥ 25 kg/m2 and the average HbA1c was 10.4 ±1.81%. Simultaneously, 50 healthy people with similar age and gender were chosen as the control group. Patients were divided into four subgroups based on the existing autoimmune antibodies and the preservation of β-cell function. The expression of microRNA-191 (miRNA-191) and microRNA-342 (miRNA-342) in plasma was detected by quantitative fluorescence PCR.Results: The frequency of anti-histidyl-tRNA synthetase antibody in A+ β+ and A+ β- subgroups was significantly higher than that in the other subgroups. There were no significant differences in the concentration of the anti-glycyl-tRNA synthetase antibody between the groups, but the frequency was higher in the A+ subgroup. The expression of miRNA-191 and miRNA-342 in plasma was up-regulated compared to the normal control group. Conclusion: The anti-histidyl and anti-glycyl-tRNA synthetase antibodies can be used as immunological markers to distinguish the subgroups of ketosis-onset diabetes mellitus, where anti-histidyl-tRNA synthetase antibody was more significant, comparatively. The miRNA-191 and miRNA-342 in plasma are related to ketosis-onset diabetes and can be used as biomarkers to predict ketosis-onset diabetes in the future.