bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of frosted haptics on rotational stability of toric intraocular lenses
Authors: Takaku Ruriko , Nakano Shinichiro , Iida Masaharu , Oshika Tetsuro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigated the unfolding property and rotational stability of a new toric intraocular lens (IOL); TECNIS toric II (toric-II, ZCW, Johnson & Johnson) that is an improved version of TECNIS toric IOL (toric-I, ZCV). Both IOLs are based on an identical platform, except for the frosted haptics with toric-II IOL. The study consisted of two parts; experimental study and clinical, retrospective, case series. Experimental study indicated that the overall time from IOL ejection to unfolding to 11 mm was significantly shorter with toricII than toric-I IOLs (p = 0.032), due to the earlier separation of the haptics from the optic with toric-II IOL. Clinical study included 131 eyes of 99 patients who had undergone phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation. At 3 months postoperatively, toric-II IOL showed significantly better rotational stability than toric-I IOL, including smaller residual manifest astigmatism (p = 0.018), less amount of axis misalignment from the intended axis (p = 0.04), lower incidence of misalignment > 10º (p = 0.0044), and less degree of prediction errors (p = 0.043). Postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity tended to be better in the toric-II than in the toric-I groups, with marginal statistical difference (p = 0.057). TECNIS toric II IOL with the frosted haptics showed significantly better rotational stability than its predecessor, probably due to quicker unfolding and greater friction with the capsular bag.
Gene expression analysis method integration and co-expression module detection applied to rare glucide metabolism disorders using ExpHunterSuite
Authors: Jabato Fernando M. , Córdoba-Caballero José , Rojano Elena , Romá-Mateo Carlos , Sanz Pascual , Pérez Belén , Gallego Diana , Seoane Pedro , Ranea Juan A. G. , Perkins James R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHigh-throughput gene expression analysis is widely used. However, analysis is not straightforward. Multiple approaches should be applied and methods to combine their results implemented and investigated. We present methodology for the comprehensive analysis of expression data, including co-expression module detection and result integration via data-fusion, threshold based methods, and a Naïve Bayes classifier trained on simulated data. Application to rare-disease model datasets confirms existing knowledge related to immune cell infiltration and suggest novel hypotheses including the role of calcium channels. Application to simulated and spike-in experiments shows that combining multiple methods using consensus and classifiers leads to optimal results. ExpHunter Suite is implemented as an R/Bioconductor package available from https://bioconductor.org/packages/ExpHunterSuite. It can be applied to model and non-model organisms and can be run modularly in R; it can also be run from the command line, allowing scalability with large datasets. Code and reports for the studies are available from https://github.com/fmjabato/ExpHunterSuiteExamples.
Identification of pathological transcription in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease epithelia
Authors: Friedrich Sebastian , Müller Hannah , Riesterer Caroline , Schüller Hannah , Friedrich Katja , Wörner Carlotta Leonie , Busch Tilman , Viau Amandine , Kuehn E. Wolfgang , Köttgen Michael , Hofherr Alexis 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) affects more than 12 million people worldwide. Mutations in PKD1 and PKD2 cause cyst formation through unknown mechanisms. To unravel the pathogenic mechanisms in ADPKD, multiple studies have investigated transcriptional mis-regulation in cystic kidneys from patients and mouse models, and numerous dysregulated genes and pathways have been described. Yet, the concordance between studies has been rather limited. Furthermore, the cellular and genetic diversity in cystic kidneys has hampered the identification of mis-expressed genes in kidney epithelial cells with homozygous PKD mutations, which are critical to identify polycystin-dependent pathways. Here we performed transcriptomic analyses of Pkd1- and Pkd2-deficient mIMCD3 kidney epithelial cells followed by a meta-analysis to integrate all published ADPKD transcriptomic data sets. Based on the hypothesis that Pkd1 and Pkd2 operate in a common pathway, we first determined transcripts that are differentially regulated by both genes. RNA sequencing of genome-edited ADPKD kidney epithelial cells identified 178 genes that are concordantly regulated by Pkd1 and Pkd2. Subsequent integration of existing transcriptomic studies confirmed 31 previously described genes and identified 61 novel genes regulated by Pkd1 and Pkd2. Cluster analyses then linked Pkd1 and Pkd2 to mRNA splicing, specific factors of epithelial mesenchymal transition, post-translational protein modification and epithelial cell differentiation, including CD34, CDH2, CSF2RA, DLX5, HOXC9, PIK3R1, PLCB1 and TLR6. Taken together, this model-based integrative analysis of transcriptomic alterations in ADPKD annotated a conserved core transcriptomic profile and identified novel candidate genes for further experimental studies.
Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of Ulva ohnoi oil in DSS-induced experimental mouse model
Authors: Kang JeongEun , Park JiSun , Seo Jung-Kil , Choi WonHyung , Choi SooCheol , Kim Ju-Hyoung , Lee In-Ah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study was conducted to examine the physiological activity ofUlva ohnoi, some of which may be used for food or natural products but could disturbing coastal ecosystems due to large scale green-tide, to check values ofU. ohnoioil through experimental results.U. ohnoioil was extracted from bulk ofUlvabiomass to confirm its antioxidant and antibacterial activity, and the efficacy ofU. ohnoioil in the state of inflammation was confirmed through animal experiments. To confirm the anti-inflammatory effect, a mouse model induced with DSS was used. As a result of measuring NO using plasma after induction of inflammation, the amount of NO produced in theU. ohnoioil group was decreased compared to the control group. Expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β was decreased compared to the control group. As a result of observing H&E staining, lower crypt loss and inflammatory cell infiltration were found in theU. ohnoioil group compared to the control group. Consequently,U. ohnoioil appears to have great anti-inflammatory properties.
Application of artificial neural networks and multiple linear regression on local bond stress equation of UHPC and reinforcing steel bars
Authors: Amini Pishro Ahad , Zhang Shiquan , Huang Dengshi , Xiong Feng , Li WeiYu , Yang Qihong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigated the use of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict the Local Bond Stress (LBS) between Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) and steel bars, in order to evaluate the accuracy of our LBS equation, proposed by Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The experimental and numerical LBS results of specimens, based on RILEM standards and using pullout tests, were assessed by the ANN algorithm using the TensorFlow platform. For each specimen, steel bar diameters ($$d_{b} )$$db)of 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20, concrete compressive strength ($$f_{c}^{\prime }$$fc′), bond lengths ($$L$$L), and concrete covers ($$C$$C) of$$d_{b}$$db,$$2d_{b}$$2db,$$3d_{b}$$3dband$$4d_{b}$$4dbwere used as input parameters for our ANN. To obtain an accurate LBS equation, we first modified the existing formula, then used MLR to establish a new LBS equation. Finally, we applied ANN to verify our new proposed equation. The numerical pullout test values from ABAQUS and experimental results from our laboratory were compared with the proposed LBS equation and ANN algorithm results. The results confirmed that our LBS equation is logically accurate and that there is a strong agreement between the experimental, numerical, theoretical, and the predicted LBS values. Moreover, the ANN algorithm proved the precision of our proposed LBS equation.
Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) is a key regulator of intestinal homeostasis and protects against colitis
Authors: Tran Allan , Scholtes Charlotte , Songane Mario , Champagne Claudia , Galarneau Luc , Levasseur Marie-Pier , Fodil Nassima , Dufour Catherine Rosa , Giguère Vincent , Saleh Maya 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) is a primary regulator of mitochondrial energy metabolism, function and dynamics, and has been implicated in autophagy and immune regulation. ERRα is abundantly expressed in the intestine and in cells of the immune system. However, its role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unknown. Here, we report a protective role of ERRα in the intestine. We found that mice deficient in ERRα were susceptible to experimental colitis, exhibiting increased colon inflammation and tissue damage. This phenotype was mediated by impaired compensatory proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) following injury, enhanced IEC apoptosis and necrosis and reduced mucus-producing goblet cell counts. Longitudinal analysis of the microbiota demonstrated that loss of ERRα lead to a reduction in microbiome α-diversity and depletion of healthy gut bacterial constituents. Mechanistically, ERRα mediated its protective effects by acting within the radio-resistant compartment of the intestine. It promoted disease tolerance through transcriptional control of key genes involved in intestinal tissue homeostasis and repair. These findings provide new insights on the role of ERRα in the gut and extends our current knowledge of nuclear receptors implicated in IBD.
In vitro biological and antimicrobial properties of chitosan-based bioceramic coatings on zirconium
Authors: Aktug Salim Levent , Durdu Salih , Kalkan Selin , Cavusoglu Kultigin , Usta Metin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCa-based porous and rough bioceramic surfaces were coated onto zirconium by micro-arc oxidation (MAO). Subsequently, the MAO-coated zirconium surfaces were covered with an antimicrobial chitosan layer via the dip coating method to develop an antimicrobial, bioactive, and biocompatible composite biopolymer and bioceramic layer for implant applications. Cubic ZrO2, metastable Ca0.15Zr0.85O1.85, and Ca3(PO4)2 were detected on the MAO surface by powder-XRD. The existence of chitosan on the MAO-coated Zr surfaces was verified by FTIR. The micropores and thermal cracks on the bioceramic MAO surface were sealed using a chitosan coating, where the MAO surface was porous and rough. All elements such as Zr, O, Ca, P, and C were homogenously distributed across both surfaces. Moreover, both surfaces indicated hydrophobic properties. However, the contact angle of the MAO surface was lower than that of the chitosan-based MAO surface. In vitro bioactivity on both surfaces was investigated via XRD, SEM, and EDX analyses post-immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 14 days. In vitro bioactivity was significantly enhanced on the chitosan-based MAO surface with respect to the MAO surface. In vitro microbial adhesions on the chitosan-based MAO surfaces were lower than the MAO surfaces for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Maternal body mass index in pregnancy and mental disorders in adult offspring: a record linkage study in Aberdeen, Scotland
Authors: Lahti-Pulkkinen Marius , Räikkönen Katri , Bhattacharya Sohinee , Reynolds Rebecca M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMaternal obesity in pregnancy predicts offspring psychopathology risk in childhood but it remains unclear whether maternal obesity or underweight associate with adult offspring mental disorders. We examined longitudinally whether maternal body mass index (BMI) in pregnancy predicted mental disorders in her offspring and whether the associations differed by offspring birth year among 68,571 mother–child dyads of Aberdeen Maternity and Neonatal Databank, Scotland. The offspring were born 1950–1999. Maternal BMI was measured at a mean 15.7 gestational weeks and classified into underweight, normal weight, overweight, moderate obesity and severe obesity. Mental disorders were identified from nationwide registers carrying diagnoses of all hospitalizations and deaths in Scotland in 1996–2017. We found that maternal BMI in pregnancy was associated with offspring mental disorders in a time-dependent manner: In offspring born 1950–1974, maternal underweight predicted an increased hazard of mental disorders [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.74; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.01–3.00)]. In offspring born 1975–1999, maternal severe obesity predicted increased hazards of any mental (HR 1.60; 95% CI 1.08–2.38) substance use (HR 1.91; 95% CI 1.03–3.57) and schizophrenia spectrum (HR 2.80; 95% CI 1.40–5.63) disorders. Our findings of time-specific associations between maternal prenatal BMI and adult offspring mental disorders may carry important public health implications by underlining possible lifelong effects of maternal BMI on offspring psychopathology.
On the mechanism of droplet rolling and spinning in inclined hydrophobic plates in wedge with different wetting states
Authors: Yilbas Bekir Sami , Yakubu Mubarak , Abubakar Abba Abdulhamid , Al-Qahtani Hussain , Sahin Ahmet , Al-Sharafi Abdullah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA water droplet rolling and spinning in an inclined hydrophobic wedge with different wetting states of wedge plates is examined pertinent to self-cleaning applications. The droplet motion in the hydrophobic wedge is simulated in 3D space incorporating the experimental data. A high-speed recording system is used to store the motion of droplets in 3D space and a tracker program is utilized to quantify the recorded data in terms of droplet translational, rotational, spinning, and slipping velocities. The predictions of flow velocity in the droplet fluid are compared with those of experimental results. The findings revealed that velocity predictions agree with those of the experimental results. Tangential momentum generated, via droplet adhesion along the three-phase contact line on the hydrophobic plate surfaces, creates the spinning motion on the rolling droplet in the wedge. The flow field generated in the droplet fluid is considerably influenced by the shear rate created at the interface between the droplet fluid and hydrophobic plate surfaces. Besides, droplet wobbling under the influence of gravity contributes to the flow inside the rolling and spinning droplet. The parallel-sided droplet path is resulted for droplet emerging from the wedge over the dusty surface.
Nationwide case–control study of risk factors and outcomes for community-acquired sepsis
Authors: Lindström Ann-Charlotte , Eriksson Mikael , Mårtensson Johan , Oldner Anders , Larsson Emma 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSepsis is the main cause of death in the intensive care units (ICU) and increasing incidences of ICU admissions for sepsis are reported. Identification of patients at risk for sepsis and poor outcome is therefore of outmost importance. We performed a nation-wide case–control study aiming at identifying and quantifying the association between co-morbidity and socio-economic factors with intensive care admission for community-acquired sepsis. We also explored 30-day mortality. All adult patients (n = 10,072) with sepsis admitted from an emergency department to an intensive care unit in Sweden between 2008 and 2017 and a control population (n = 50,322), matched on age, sex and county were included. In the sepsis group, 69% had a co-morbid condition at ICU admission, compared to 31% in the control group. Multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis was performed and there was a large variation in the influence of different risk factors associated with ICU-admission, renal disease, liver disease, metastatic malignancy, substance abuse, and congestive heart failure showed the strongest associations. Low income and low education level were more common in sepsis patients compared to controls. The adjusted OR for 30-day mortality for sepsis patients was 132 (95% CI 110–159) compared to controls.
Alcohol control policies add to secular trends in all-cause mortality rates in young adults
Authors: Tran Alexander , Manthey Jakob , Lange Shannon , Jiang Huan , Štelemėkas Mindaugas , Liutkutė-Gumarov Vaida , Meščeriakova-Veliulienė Olga , Petkevičienė Janina , Radišauskas Ričardas , Telksnys Tadas , Rehm Jürgen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlcohol consumption is a major risk factor for premature mortality. Although alcohol control policies are known to impact all-cause mortality rates, the effect that policies have on specific age groups is an important area of research. This study investigates the effect of alcohol control policies implemented in 2009 and 2017 in Lithuania on all-cause mortality rates. All-cause mortality rates (deaths per 100,000 people) were obtained for 2001–2018 by 10-year age groups (20–29, 30–39, 40–49 years, etc.). All-cause mortality rates, independent of macro-level secular trends (e.g., economic trends) were examined. Following a joinpoint analysis to control for secular trends, an interrupted time series analysis showed that alcohol control policies had a significant effect on all-cause mortality rates (p = .018), with the most significant impact occurring among young adults (20–29 and 30–39 years of age). For these age groups, their mortality rate decreased during the 12 months following policy implementation (following the policy in 2009 for those 20–29 years of age, p = .0026, and following the policy in 2017 for those 30–39 years of age, p = .011). The results indicate that alcohol control policy can impact all-cause mortality rates, above and beyond secular trends, and that the impact is significant among young adults.
The role of IL-1 in adipose browning and muscle wasting in CKD-associated cachexia
Authors: Cheung Wai W. , Zheng Ronghao , Hao Sheng , Wang Zhen , Gonzalez Alex , Zhou Ping , Hoffman Hal M. , Mak Robert H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β trigger inflammatory cascades which may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated cachexia. CKD was induced by 5/6 nephrectomy in mice. We studied energy homeostasis in Il1β−/−/CKD, Il6−/−/CKD and Tnfα−/−/CKD mice and compared with wild type (WT)/CKD controls. Parameters of cachexia phenotype were completely normalized in Il1β−/−/CKD mice but were only partially rescued in Il6−/−/CKD and Tnfα−/−/CKD mice. We tested the effects of anakinra, an IL-1 receptor antagonist, on CKD-associated cachexia. WT/CKD mice were treated with anakinra (2.5 mg/kg/day, IP) or saline for 6 weeks and compared with WT/Sham controls. Anakinra normalized food intake and weight gain, fat and lean mass content, metabolic rate and muscle function, and also attenuated molecular perturbations of energy homeostasis in adipose tissue and muscle in WT/CKD mice. Anakinra decreased serum and muscle expression of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in WT/CKD mice. Anakinra attenuated browning of white adipose tissue in WT/CKD mice. Moreover, anakinra normalized gastrocnemius weight and fiber size as well as attenuated muscle fat infiltration in WT/CKD mice. This was accompanied by correcting the increased muscle wasting signaling pathways while promoting the decreased myogenesis process in gastrocnemius of WT/CKD mice. We performed qPCR analysis for the top 20 differentially expressed muscle genes previously identified via RNAseq analysis in WT/CKD mice versus controls. Importantly, 17 differentially expressed muscle genes were attenuated in anakinra treated WT/CKD mice. In conclusion, IL-1 receptor antagonism may represent a novel targeted treatment for adipose tissue browning and muscle wasting in CKD.
Local intestinal microbiota response and systemic effects of feeding black soldier fly larvae to replace soybean meal in growing pigs
Authors: Kar Soumya K. , Schokker Dirkjan , Harms Amy C. , Kruijt Leo , Smits Mari A. , Jansman Alfons J. M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBlack soldier fly (Hermetia illucens; BSF) larvae as dietary protein source have the ability to deliver nutrients and could possess functional properties that positively support animal productivity and health. More knowledge, however, is needed to assess the impact of feeding a BSF based diet on gut and animal health. Sixteen post-weaned male pigs were randomly assigned to two groups and fed for three weeks with iso-caloric and iso-proteinaceous experimental diets prepared with either soybean meal (SBM) as reference protein source or with BSF as single source of dietary protein. At the end of the trial, the pigs were sacrificed to collect relevant digesta, gut tissue and blood samples to study changes induced by the dietary treatments using ~ omics based analyses. Inclusion of BSF in the diet supports the development of the intestinal microbiome that could positively influence intestinal health. By amine metabolite analysis, we identified two metabolites i.e. sarcosine and methionine sulfoxide, in plasma that serve as markers for the ingestion of insect based ingredients. BSF seems to possess functional properties indicated by the appearance of alpha-aminobutyric acid and taurine in blood plasma of pigs that are known to induce health beneficial effects.
Metabolic reprogramming in chondrocytes to promote mitochondrial respiration reduces downstream features of osteoarthritis
Authors: Ohashi Yoshifumi , Takahashi Nobunori , Terabe Kenya , Tsuchiya Saho , Kojima Toshihisa , Knudson Cheryl B. , Knudson Warren , Imagama Shiro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction in chondrocytes drives the pro-catabolic phenotype associated with osteoarthritic cartilage. In this study, substitution of galactose for glucose in culture media was used to promote a renewed dependence on mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. Galactose replacement alone blocked enhanced usage of the glycolysis pathway by IL1β-activated chondrocytes as detected by real-time changes in the rates of proton acidification of the medium and changes in oxygen consumption. The change in mitochondrial activity due to galactose was visualized as a rescue of mitochondrial membrane potential but not an alteration in the number of mitochondria. Galactose-replacement reversed other markers of dysfunctional mitochondrial metabolism, including blocking the production of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and the synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Of more clinical relevance, galactose-substitution blocked downstream functional features associated with osteoarthritis, including enhanced levels of MMP13 mRNA, MMP13 protein, and the degradative loss of proteoglycan from intact cartilage explants. Blocking baseline and IL1β-enhanced MMP13 by galactose-replacement in human osteoarthritic chondrocyte cultures inversely paralleled increases in markers associated with mitochondrial recovery, phospho-AMPK, and PGC1α. Comparisons were made between galactose replacement and the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose. Targeting intermediary metabolism may provide a novel approach to osteoarthritis care.