bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN EKSTRAK KASAR MAKROALGA Ulva lactuca TERHADAP KESTABILAN PIGMEN FOTOSINTESIS
Authors: Hasanela Nurani , Gaspersz Nelson , Silaban Rosita , Sohilait Mario Rowan 
Published: January 2021

Banyak kandungan senyawa kimia bermanfaat dalam makroalga yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi tetapi belum diteliti secara luas, seperti pigmen fotosintesis. Peningkatan kebutuhan pigmen fotosintesis pada dunia industri menyebabkan pencarian sumber alternatif pigmen fotosintesis masih terus dilakukan diantaranya dari makroalga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuipengaruh lama penyimpanan ekstrak kasar makroalga Ulva lactuca terhadap kestabilan pigmen fotosintesis. Tahapan penelitian meliputi, isolasi pigmen fotosintesis, pemurnian menggunakan kromatografi kolom silika, karakterisasi pigmen fotosintesis dengan KLT dan spektrofotometer UV–Vis. Hasil KLT dari ekstrak kasar Ulva lactuca menunjukkan perbedaan jumlah dan jenis pigmen fotosintesis yang mencolok antara ekstrak kasar Ulva lactuca yang lansung diekstrak dan yang dibiarkan kurang lebih 3 hari. Pada hasil kromarogram menunjukkan ada 7 fraksi pigmen fotosintesis dan memiliki warna yang sangat mencolok yang diekstrak secara langsung sedangkan ekstrak kasar yang dibiarkan kurang lebih 3 hari menunjukkan hanya 5 fraksi pigmen fotosintesis dengan warna yang pucat. Fraksinasi dengan kromatografi kolom silika gel menunjukkan adanya pigmen fotosintesis sebanyak 29 fraksi. Setelah diindentifikasi dengan spektofotometer UV–Vis ada 4 fraksi utama yaitu ß-karoten, fukoxantin, klorofil a,dan feofitin a. Lama penyimpanan terhadap ekstrak kasar Ulva lactuca mempengaruhi pigmen fotosintesis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif.
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MELALUI PEMBIASAAN RUTIN UNTUK MENANAMKAN NILAI - NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PADA SISWA SD/MI
Authors: Ninik Hidayati  , Nurul Hakim  , M. Zakki Sulton  
Published: January 2021

Islamic Education Values ​​through the habituation program in SD / MI. The theories used as a foundation in this research include the theory of character education, routine habituation, and the values ​​of Islamic education.
Based on the background of the problem, this research is expected to provide answers to the problem formulation (1). How is the implementation of character education through routine habituation to instill the values ​​of Islamic education in SD / MI students?, (2). How are the effectiveness and benefits of implementing routine habituation to instill the values ​​of Islamic education in SD / MI students?
Based on the formulation of the problem, this study aims to (1). To find out the implementation of character education through routine habituation to instill the values ​​of Islamic education in SD / MI students. (2). This is to determine the level of effectiveness and benefits of routine habituation to instill the values ​​of Islamic education in schools in SD / MI students.
CONHECENDO OS/AS PROFISSIONAIS DE CRECHE DO MUNICÍPIO DE DESCALVADO
Authors: Jacomini Maria Beatriz , Sommerhalder Aline 
Published: January 2021

Este texto decorre de uma pesquisa de iniciação científica concluída e realizada a partir de uma ação de formação continuada de professores e gestores de educação infantil no município de Descalvado/SP, realizado por meio de uma Atividade de Extensão intitulada: Formação de Professores de Educação Básica: uma parceria colaborativa entre escola e universidade. A questão de pesquisa foi: Quem são os/as profissionais docentes das Creches municipais de Descalvado/SP? O objetivo foi levantar e conhecer a trajetória profissional e características de um grupo de profissionais docentes de Creches do município de Descalvado/SP, participantes de uma Atividade de Extensão de Formação Continuada. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e os dados foram coletados por meio de aplicação de questionário em 29 profissionais de educação infantil, que atuam em creches deste município. Os resultados evidenciaram, dentre outros pontos, que o grupo em questão em sua maioria é mulher (28 profissionais), possui experiência consolidada de docência, em vários níveis de ensino, incluindo a etapa da educação infantil e a grande maioria possui formação superior em Pedagogia. O estudo evidenciou ainda que a maioria das/dos colaboradoras/res desta pesquisa participou de cursos de formação contínua nos últimos cinco anos e para muitos/as a escolha pela atuação em creches decorreu de necessidade de trabalhar e falta de oportunidade profissional.
DISPOSITIVOS DIDÁTICOS PARA O ENSINO/APRENDIZAGEM DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Félix Thassiana Reis , Zirondi Maria Ilza 
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir como dispositivos didáticos podem auxiliar o professor a organizar seu trabalho de ensino da Língua Portuguesa. Para isso, analisaremos: um Projeto de Letramento (PL¹), uma Sequência Didática (SD) e uma Prática de Letramento (PL²). Como embasamento teórico-metodológico, nos pautaremos na teoria sociointeracionista (Vigotsky, 1987), em autores como Dolz; Noverraz e Schneuwly (2013), Kleiman (2007) e outros. Esperamos, desta forma, buscar reflexões a respeito de como um PL¹, uma SD e uma PL² se organizam e se constituem como instrumentos do trabalho pedagógico, das atividades didáticas, dos conteúdos escolares para, consequentemente, desenvolver, nos alunos, capacidades em relação à leitura, à escrita e à oralidade. Palavras-chave: Dispositivos didáticos. Trabalho docente. Língua Portuguesa.
EDUCACIÓN CON ADULTOS MAYORES: MOTIVACIONES Y BENEFICIOS PERCIBIDOS
Authors: Arias Claudia Josefina , Dottori Karina Valéria , Soliverez Corina 
Published: January 2021

El envejecimiento poblacional y la mejora en las condiciones de salud de los adultos mayores han traído como resultado nuevas demandas a las cuales dar respuesta. En este escenario, la educación ha tomado un rol protagónico para estos mayores activos y motivados para aprender y mejorar. Desde la Psicología Positiva y el enfoque del Curso de la Vida, se fortalece la idea del desarrollo y la obtención de ganancias en esta etapa de la vida, tradicionalmente asociada a pérdidas y deterioro. Desde su origen, las propuestas educativas para adultos mayores se han ampliado y diversificado en los últimos 40 años. En este sentido, el presente estudio propone por una parte, indagar sobre los beneficios percibidos frente a la participación en tales propuestas (n=120) y, por otra, indagar los motivos por los que los adultos mayores eligen participar (n=60) o no de las mismas (n=30). Se espera que los resultados obtenidos constituyan un aporte en el estudio de una temática reciente, considerada fundamental para el logro de un envejecimiento positivo.
Stabilization of oil-in-water emulsion with brewer’s yeast hydrolysate
Authors: Ch Nominchuluu , A Enkh-Ariun , B Nomin , B Oyuntuya , M Bayarjargal , T Gan-Erdene , B Batjargal 
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of spent brewer's yeast hydrolysate on the stabilization of lecithincontaining oil-in-water emulsion. The emulsion was prepared using a 1: 9 oil-to-water ratio with 8% lecithin and homogenized for30 min at 10,000 and 13,000 rpm. The brewer's yeast hydrolysate was added to the lecithin-based oil-in-water emulsion by 0.5%, 1.5%, and 3%, respectively. The oil droplet diameter and creaming index of emulsions were determined by comparison with the control. The stability of the emulsion containing 1.5% of brewer's yeast hydrolysate was 88.2%, and the proportion of oil droplets with a diameter of 1.5-3 μm reached 80%, which is an advantage over other options. The addition of brewer's yeast hydrolysate to the emulsion by 1.5% resulted in a 4.4-fold increase in the IC50 value of 2,2ʹ -azinobis- (3-ethyl-benzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cationic radical inhibition. These results suggest that the use of 1.5% brewer's yeast hydrolysate to produce lecithin-based oil-in-water emulsion has a positive effect on emulsion stability and antioxidant activity, while increasing nutritional value.
Пивоны дрожжийн гидролизат агуулсан усан суурьтай эмульсийн тогтворжилтын судалгаа
Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгааны ажилд пивоны дрожжийн гидролизатыг лецитин агуулсан усан суурьтай эмульсийн тогтворжилтод үзүүлэх нөлөөллийг тодорхойлох зорилтыг тавьсан. Эмульсийг бэлтгэхэд тос, усны харьцааг 1:9,лецитинийг 8%-иар авч 10000 ба 13000 эрг/мин хурдтайгаар нийт 30 мин гомогенжүүлэв. Лецитин агуулсан усан суурьтай эмульсийн найрлагад пивоны дрожжийн гидролизатыг 0.5%, 1.5%, 3%-иар нэмж, эмульс дэх тосны бөмбөлгийн диаметр, өтгөрөлтийн индексийг хяналтын эмульстэй харьцуулан тодорхойлов. Пивоны дрожжийн гидролизатыг 1.5%-иар агуулсан эмульсийн тогтворжилт 88.2% байсан ба 1.5-3 μм диаметртэй бөмбөлгийн эзлэх хувь 80%-д хүрсэн нь бусад хувилбараас давуу үзүүлэлт болно. Пивоны дрожжийн гидролизатыг эмульсийн найрлагад 1.5%-иар нэмэхэд 2,2ʹ -azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) катион радикал дарангуйлах IC50 утга 4.4 дахин нэмэгдэж байсан ба гидролизатын концентрацаас хамааран эмульсийн антиоксидант идэвх нэмэгдэж байсан. Эдгээр дүн лецитин агуулсан усан суурьтай эмульс гарган авахад пивоны дрожжийн гидролизатыг 1.5%-иар нэмж ашиглах нь тэжээллэг чанарыг нэмэгдүүлэхийн хамтаар эмульсийн тогтворжилт, антиоксидант идэвхэд эерэгээр нөлөөлж байгааг харуулж байна.
Түлхүүр үг: Гидролизат, эмульс, бөмбөлгийн хэмжээ, тогтворжилт, антиоксидант идэвх
Bench-scale methanation of pyrolysis gases of Tavantolgoi and Baganuur coals
Authors: B Nyamsuren , Kh Barsbold , B Buyan-Ulzii , T Baasanjargal , B Enkhsaruul 
Published: January 2021

Bench-scale methanation experiments were performed using the mixture gases evolved in pyrolysis of Tavantolgoi weathered coal and of Baganuur thermal coal. The methanation reactor was composed of the parts of feed gas desulfurization, fixed bed main reactor, condenser and dryer of product gases. The preliminary desulfurized feed gas passed through the fixed bed methanation reactor with the three layers of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst mixed with different amounts of quartz in order to avoid from overheating in upper level of the catalyst. Methanation experiments of pyrolysis gases were performed at temperatures of 250°С and 350˚°С, in a pressure of 3 bar with a GHSV of 9000 h-1. In methanation of pyrolysis gas from the Tavantolgoi weathered coal, CH4 content was increased 10 times from 3.20% to 34.4% at 250°С, however CH4 content was increased 3 times from 9.60% to 29.4% during the methanation of Baganuur coal pyrolysis gas at 350°С.
Тавантолгойн болон Багануурын нүүрсний пиролизын хийн метанжуулалтын томруулсан туршилт
Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгааны ажлаар Тавантолгойн ордын исэлдсэн давхаргын нүүрс болон Багануурын ордын үндсэн давхаргын нүүрсний пиролизоос үүссэн хийг метанжуулах томруулсан (бэнч) хэмжээний туршилтыг хийж гүйцэтгэв. Метанжуулалтын томруулсан төхөөрөмж нь хүхэргүйжүүлэгч, конденсатор, чийг шингээгч болон хөдөлгөөнгүй үет реактор бүхий урвалын систем байхаар зохион бүтээсэн. Нүүрсний пиролизын хийг кварцтай хольж Ni/Al2O3 катализаторын гурван үеэр нэвтрүүлж, дулаан дамжуулалтын усгүй шийдлийг хэрэглэсэн. Метанжуулалтын томруулсан туршилтыг 250°С болон 350˚°С температуруудад, 3 бар даралтанд, 9000 h-1 түүхий эдийн урсгал хурдтай нөхцөлд хийж гүйцэтгэв. Тавантолгойн ордын исэлдсэн давхаргын нүүрсний пиролизын хийг метанжуулахад бүтээгдэхүүн хий дэх метаны агуулга 3.20%-иас 34.4% хүрч 10 дахин ихсэж, харин Багануурын нүүрсний хийнээс үүссэн метаны агуулга 9.60%-иас 29.4% болж 3 дахин ихэслээ. Хэдийгээр метанжуулах процессын температур харьцангуй нам байсан боловч Тавантолгойн ордын исэлдсэн давхаргын нүүрсний пиролизын хийн метанжуулалтын дүнд үүссэн метан хийн агуулга нь Багануурын ордын үндсэн давхаргын нүүрсний пиролизын хийтэй харьцуулахад 5.01%-иар их байлаа.
Technological study on the flotation process of Manganese Ore
Authors: Ts Zagarzusem , N Sugir-Erdene , B Orgilbayar , S Sukhbat , Ts Soyolmaa , B Unursaikhan , D Baasanjav , L Jargalsaikhan , E Otgonjargal 
Published: January 2021

This study demonstrated the importance of appropriate flotation conditions and reagent dosage for the separation of standard manganese concentrates from low-grade manganese ores. The research object used Unagad manganese ore located in Dornogovi province. The main mineral of manganese ores was pyrolusite (MnO2). According to the chemical element analyses, the content of manganese in the primary ore was Mn-17.31%. XRD analyses revealed minerals such as quartz, pyrolusite, albite, anorthite, anorthoclase, orthoclase, and hausmannite. This study conducted the beneficiation of manganese ore by the froth flotation method. Manganese ore beneficiation tests were performed for the flotation method under the following conditions: the collector dosage with 900 g/t, 1100 g/t, 1300 g/t, 1500 g/t, and 1700 g/t, the dosage of the depressant as 570 g/t, 670 g/t, 770 g/t, and 870 g/t, and the frother with 900 g/t, pH value 8, the grade of -0.074 mm was 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% respectively. Beneficiation tests performed in the optimum conditions resulted in concentrate with Mn = 32.37%, the recovery was 57.33%, and the yield was 30%. As a result of the flotation enrichment of manganese ore, а concentrate containing 32.37% manganese was obtained.
Манганы хүдрийг флотацийн аргаар баяжуулах технологийн судалгаа
Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгаагаар бага агуулгатай манганы хүдрээс стандартын шаардлага хангасан манганы баяжмалыг гарган авахад флотацийн зохистой горим, урвалжийн зарцуулалт хэрхэн нөлөөлж байгааг тогтоов. Судалгааны объектоор Дорноговь аймгийн нутагт орших Унагадын манганы ордын хүдрийг ашигласан бөгөөд хүдрийн голлох эрдэс нь пиролюзит юм. Элементүүдийн химийн шинжилгээгээр анхдагч хүдэр дэх манганы агуулга 17.31% байна. Рентген дифрактометрийн шинжилгээгээр кварц, пиролюзит, альбит, анортит, анортоклаз, ортоклаз, гаусманит зэрэг эрдсүүд байгаа нь тогтоогдсон. Манганы хүдрийг флотацийн аргаар баяжуулах цуврал туршилтуудыг цуглуулагчийн зарцуулалт 900 г/т, 1100 г/т, 1300 г/т, 1500 г/т, 1700 г/т, дарагчийн зарцуулалт 570 г/т, 670 г/т, 770 г/т, 870 г/т, хөөсрүүлэгч 900 г/т, рН-8, ширхэглэлийн хэмжээг -0.074 мм ангийн агуулга 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% гэсэн нөхцлүүдэд явуулсан. Туршилтын дүнд цуглуулагчийн хэмжээ 1500 г/т, хөөсрүүлэгч 900 г/т, дарагч 670 г/т, -0.074 мм ангийн агуулга 70%, рН-ийн утга 8 гэсэн хамгийн тохиромжит нөхцөлд баяжмал дахь металл авалт 57.33%, гарц 30% байж, харин Mn-ний агуулга 32.37%-тай баяжмал гарав.
Түлхүүр үг: Манганы баяжмал, флотаци, олейны хүчил, натрийн силикат
Metabolic impact of weight variations in Icelandic horses
Authors: Delarocque Julien , Frers Florian , Huber Korinna , Jung Klaus , Feige Karsten , Warnken Tobias 
Published: January 2021

Background
Insulin dysregulation (ID) is an equine endocrine disorder, which is often accompanied by obesity and various metabolic perturbations. The relationship between weight variations and fluctuations of the insulin response to oral glucose tests (OGT) as well as the metabolic impact of ID have been described previously. The present study seeks to characterize the concomitant metabolic impact of variations in the insulin response and bodyweight during repeated OGTs using a metabolomics approach.

Methods
Nineteen Icelandic horses were subjected to five OGTs over one year and their bodyweight, insulin and metabolic response were monitored. Analysis of metabolite concentrations depending on time (during the OGT), relative bodyweight (rWeight; defined as the bodyweight at one OGT divided by the mean bodyweight across all OGTs) and relative insulin response (rAUCins; defined accordingly from the area under the insulin curve during OGT) was performed using linear models. Additionally, the pathways significantly associated with time, rWeight and rAUCins were identified by rotation set testing.

Results
The results suggested that weight gain and worsening of ID activate distinct metabolic pathways. The metabolic profile associated with weight gain indicated an increased activation of arginase, while the pathways associated with time and rAUCins were consistent with the expected effect of glucose and insulin, respectively. Overall, more metabolites were significantly associated with rWeight than with rAUCins.
A Simulation Study of Bayesian Estimator for Seemingly Unrelated Regression under Different Distributional Assumptions
Authors: Oluwadare Ojo O. , Oluremi Owonipa R. , Lateifat Enesi O. 
Published: January 2021

This paper presents Bayesian analysis of Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model. An independent prior for parameters was used. The Bayesian method was compared with classical method of estimation to know the most efficient estimator under different distributional assumptions through a simulation study. In order to facilitate comparison among these estimators, Mean Squared Error (MSE) was considered as a criterion. Furthermore, based on the simulation, it was deduced that MSE of the Bayesian estimator is smaller than all the classical methods of estimation for SUR model while Normal distribution was considered as an ideal distribution in generation of disturbances in any simulation study.
Emotional Intelligence and its Relationship to Leadership, Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Pharmacy Students, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alaaddin Rahaf Nabeel , Ibrahim Nahla Khamis , Kadi Mai 
Published: January 2021

Background: Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the capability of an individual to recognize his own and others’ emotions. The current study was conducted to describe the EI and its relation to leadership, stress, anxiety, and depression among pharmacy students at Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacy students enrolled in the Faculty of Pharmacy at Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, during the educational year 2018/2019. A standardized data collection sheet was used. It inquired about personal and socio-demographic data, habits, general life satisfaction, and the academic stress. It contained also the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence (SSREI) scale, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), and the authentic leadership questionnaires. Descriptive, inferential statistics and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted.
Results: A total of 400 pharmacy students enrolled in the study. Their mean age was 21.61± 1.45 years. The total EI score (mean ± SD) was 118.42± 14.60. The predictors of the overall EI score were students' high leadership score (>48), general life satisfaction, and physical activity. EI was positively correlated with the authentic leadership scale and negatively correlated to DASS.
Conclusion: Pharmacy students at UQU have above average EI score. Higher EI was positively associated with better leadership capacity and higher EI was negatively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress levels. Physical activity is an important EI predictor.
Water quality of an integrated crop–livestock system in the northern Great Plains
Authors: Faust D. R. , Liebig M. A. , Toledo D. , Archer D. W. , Kronberg S. L. , Hendrickson J. R. , Bawa Arun , Kumar S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractImpacts of integrated crop–livestock (ICL) systems on water quality have not been well studied. Water quality parameters were quantified for two 30‐min rainfall simulations in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–cover crop, cover crop, and rangeland grass control phases of a long‐term ICL study site in Mandan, ND, in 2017 and 2018. Both pre‐graze and post‐graze simulations were conducted. Nitrate‐N (NO3−–N), nitrite‐N (NO2−–N), ammonia‐N (NH4+–N), phosphate‐P (PO43−–P), and total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations and loads were evaluated in surface runoff water, along with concentrations of NO3−–N, NO2−–N, NH4+–N, and PO43−–P in infiltration water. Non‐parametric ranked two‐way analysis of variance was used to evaluate differences for vegetation type and grazing as fixed effects, with year as a random effect. Surface runoff concentrations of NO3−–N and NH4+–N were significantly different with cover crop and wheat phases being greater than grass. A grazing effect was also observed with pre‐graze significantly greater than post graze for NO2−–N, NH4+–N, PO43−–P, and TSS surface runoff concentrations. For infiltration water concentrations, similar significant effects of vegetation type were observed for NO3−–N and PO43−–P, while pre‐graze was also greater than post‐graze for NO2−–N and PO43−–P. Due to variable runoff volumes, no significant differences were observed for loads of any parameters. Minimal runoff volumes (0–6.7 L) and significant vegetation and grazing effects in nutrient infiltration water concentrations highlight the importance of infiltration in such studies, particularly at sites in the northern Great Plains.
Soil temperature and bacterial diversity regulate the impact of irrigation and fertilization practices on ecosystem respiration
Authors: Fan Yaqiong , Hao Xinmei , Carswell Alison , Misselbrook Tom , Ding Risheng , Li Sien , Kang Shaozhong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnderstanding ecosystem respiration (Reco) response to various management practices is important for the sustainable development of solar greenhouse systems, which represent a large and profitable industry in Northwest China. A tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)–cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)–tomato rotation experiment was conducted with four treatments including two irrigation levels (regular irrigation [RI] and low irrigation [LI]) and two N fertilizer sources (organic‐N fertilizer [N1] and inorganic‐N fertilizer [N2]). Ecosystem respiration and soil variables were measured multiple times. Mean Reco flux was 511, 319, and 437 mg m–2 h–1 for tomato‐2016, cucumber‐2016, and tomato‐2017, respectively. Soil temperature was the most important factor affecting Reco magnitude. Tomato seasons with higher temperature had significantly greater Reco flux than the cucumber season. Organic‐N fertilizer application can stimulate Reco flux, cumulative Reco, and Reco intensity mainly by providing favorable soil N and C condition for soil bacterial growth and activity, whereas the difference between irrigation levels was inconsistent. The fitted exponential function describing the relationship between Reco and soil temperature showed that the temperature sensitivity decreased from tomato‐2016 to tomato‐2017 for all treatments, corresponding to the continuously reduced soil bacterial alpha diversity. Soil bacterial Shannon index was an effective prediction factor for Reco in the relatively warmer and drier season, with an R2 >.8 during tomato‐2017. The RIN1 treatment consistently had the greatest cumulative Reco and the highest soil bacterial alpha diversity throughout the rotation. Further studies are needed on the mechanisms of how the change of soil properties would regulate the response of Reco to soil abiotic and biotic factors.