bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does participation in extended immersive ward‐based simulation improve the preparedness of undergraduate bachelor’s degree nursing students to be ready for clinical practice as a registered nurse? An integrative literature review
Authors: Davies Hugh , Sundin Deborah , Robinson Suzanne , Jacob Elisabeth 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo determine if extended immersive ward‐based simulation programmes improve the preparedness of undergraduate bachelor's degree nursing students to be ward ready for professional practice as a registered nurse.BackgroundThe practice readiness of new graduate nurses to enter the workforce continues to raise concern among educators and industry. Often the transition period is a vulnerable time when the reality of clinical practice bears little resemblance of their experiences as a student. Simulation of a busy ward offers the opportunity for pre‐registered nurses to practise a variety of situations they are likely to encounter once qualified in a safe and supportive learning environment.MethodsThe review considered studies that investigated the experiences and learning outcomes of nursing students following participation in extended immersive ward‐based simulation. Databases searched included CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline and Scopus. Two reviewers independently assessed retrieved studies that matched inclusion criteria using standardised critical appraisal instruments. Reporting of review followed PRISMA checklist.ResultsFourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies used a quasi‐experimental mixed methods approach (10). Programme evaluations focused on self‐reporting in learning satisfaction and student perceptions of performance. Six studies used a pre‐ and post‐test design to compare the after effect on preparedness for professional practice. Two studies investigated student learning between simulated experiences and experiences gained during clinical placements.ConclusionLearning satisfaction was high among students who participated in programmes that incorporated extended immersive ward‐based simulation experiences. Students are able to practise what they need to know and on what will be expected of them in professional practice. Evidence on whether these programmes make a difference in workplace performance, and retention of graduate nurses is yet to be established.Relevance to clinical practiceExtended immersive ward‐based simulation allows educators the opportunity to meet the perceived needs of students in preparation for professional practice.
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of uterine serous carcinoma: A SEER program analysis of 1016 cases
Authors: Han Ying , Liu Chongdong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimTo identify the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of uterine serous carcinoma (USC) and the prognostic factors influencing survival.MethodsThe retrospective, population‐based cohort study enrolled patients with USC diagnosed between 2001 and 2015 for the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to identify survival outcomes, multivariable Cox regression models were used to determine the risk factors influencing the disease‐specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 1016 patients with USC from the SEER database were enrolled. The median age at diagnosis was 65 years. The 5‐year OS was 48.5%, and the 5‐year DSS rates were 58.0%, respectively. In the univariate analyses, AJCC stage, SEER summary stage, number of lymph nodes resected, and adjuvant therapy were significant predictors for OS and DSS, while grade, was significant only for OS. Multivariate Cox regression models demonstrated that poor grade, stage III/IV, distant disease, the number of lymph nodes resected being <4 and no adjuvant treatment were independent risk factors for poor OS, while stage III/IV, regional or distant disease, the number of lymph nodes <4 and no adjuvant treatment were independent risk factors for poor DSS. Multivariate Cox regression models also identified that chemotherapy and combination therapies were the independent risk factors for improved OS and DSS of early‐stage USC.ConclusionUSC had a relatively poor prognosis compared with endometriod carcinoma. Moreover, advanced stage and fewer lymph nodes resected were independent negative prognostic factors for survival, while adjuvant therapy was significant for improved survival.
A response surface analysis investigation of the effects of (mis)alignment between interpersonal values and efficacies on interpersonal problems
Authors: Kehl Madeline , Edershile Elizabeth A. , Hopwood Christopher J. , Wright Aidan G. C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveIn this study we examined whether discrepancies between interpersonal values and interpersonal efficacies are associated with distress, and provide a framework through which similar questions regarding intrapersonal alignment may be investigated.MethodUsing interpersonal circumplex scales, we assessed interpersonal values and efficacies in two large samples (undergraduate N = 1,453, community N = 1,099) and used response surface analysis to model the alignment of these variables and their association with interpersonal distress.ResultsWe found that there were significant positive relationships between larger mismatches and greater distress. We also found that extremity in both matches and mismatches predicted more distress. At a more specific level, people who valued warmth but reported low efficacy for warm behavior reported problems related to being too cold to others.ConclusionThis study highlights the value of elaborating within‐person discrepancies across personality levels, provides a model for doing so organized around the interpersonal circumplex, and specifies connections between value‐efficacy discrepancies and interpersonal distress.
College students in the western world are becoming less emotionally intelligent: A cross‐temporal meta‐analysis of trait emotional intelligence
Authors: Khan Mahreen , Minbashian Amirali , MacCann Carolyn 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveOver the last two decades, Western society has undergone a marked cultural transformation characterized by rising individualism. Concurrently, the digital landscape has transformed through the rise of social media and smartphones. These factors have previously been implicated in changing individuals' attitudes, behavior, and interpersonal interactions. We investigated whether these societal changes have coincided with changes in trait emotional intelligence (EI) over the last 17 years in Western university students.MethodWe examined this question using a cross‐temporal meta‐analysis (k = 70; N = 16,917).ResultsThere was no change in overall trait EI; however, the trait EI domains “well‐being,” “self‐control,” and “emotionality” demonstrated significant decreases with time, after controlling for gender composition and between‐country differences.ConclusionWe discuss these findings in relation to how they contribute to our understanding of trait EI, and how they add to the literature on how Western society is changing with time.
Unfair police treatment and sleep problems among a national sample of adults
Authors: Testa Alexander , Jackson Dylan B. , Semenza Daniel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe current study examines the associations between unfair police treatment and sleep quantity and quality among a nationally representative sample of adults from Wave V (years 2016–2018) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 12,057). Furthermore, considering the documented negative associations between unjust police treatment and both physical and psychological wellbeing, we investigate whether this relationship is attenuated by aspects of general health and depressive symptoms. Findings demonstrate that personal experience with unfair police treatment corresponds to worse sleep among adults, including sleeping fewer hours (especially 6 or fewer hours) and reporting more frequent trouble sleeping. This association was found to partially operate through depressive symptoms and general health. These findings suggest that strategies are needed among public health practitioners and law enforcement to mitigate the adverse health impacts of unfair police treatment.
Infant diurnal cortisol predicts sleep
Authors: Tuladhar Charu T. , Schwartz Sophie , St. John Ashley M. , Meyer Jerrold S. , Tarullo Amanda R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe sleep–wake system is immature at birth and develops in parallel with the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, a biological stress system of which the end product is cortisol. Perturbations in one system during infancy can maladaptively influence the maturation of the other system, leading to lasting sleep and cortisol system dysregulation and heightening the risk of enduring health problems. To better understand the early interplay between these systems, we examined whether actigraphy‐derived measures of night‐time sleep duration and onset were associated with cumulative exposure to cortisol, indexed by hair cortisol concentration, in 12‐month‐old children. Overall, early sleep onset predicted lower hair cortisol above and beyond sleep duration, family income and chaos experienced at home. Furthermore, both sleep and cortisol levels vary day to day, and temporal dependencies between daily sleep and cortisol regulation are not well understood. Thus, we assessed how the sleep characteristics on a particular evening related to salivary cortisol levels the following day and how daytime and evening cortisol related to the sleep characteristics on the same night. Lower total exposure to cortisol on a particular day was related to longer night‐time sleep duration the same night, but not sleep onset. Lower salivary cortisol levels on a given evening related to earlier sleep onset the same night, but not to night‐time sleep duration. Sleep duration and onset on a given night were unrelated to total cortisol exposure the following day. Findings suggest that in early development, the day‐to‐day relation between sleep and cortisol is not bidirectional, but more driven by diurnal cortisol.
Computer‐guided core needle biopsy of the jaws: A technical report
Authors: Stolbizer Federico , Galván Padilla Israel , Drago Agustín Adolfo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present work is to communicate the use of cone beam‐computed tomography (CBCT) and digital surgery planning software for the fabrication of high‐precision surgical guides to perform core needle biopsy of intraosseous lesions in the jaws.MethodsDigital preoperative surgical planning software originally designed for dental implant surgery and CBCT images were used to fabricate a patient‐specific stereolithographic surgical guide to perform a core needle biopsy of a mixed osteolytic lesion in the mandible in a 20‐year‐old patient. The core needle biopsy was performed in an outpatient setting under local anaesthesia.ResultsThe surgical guide for core needle biopsy fabricated using CBCT images and dental implant software allowed obtaining a tissue sample of an intraosseous lesion, while providing control of the positioning, angulation, and depth of the needle, and minimizing the risk of damaging neighboring structures.ConclusionsCBCT and digital preoperative surgical planning software are useful to fabricate high precision surgical guides to perform core needle biopsy, and they allow correcting errors and solving problems that may arise during the surgery. It is necessary to perform the procedure on a cohort of patients in order to validate the method.
The positive environmental impact of virtual isotretinoin management
Authors: Lee Justin , Yousaf Ahmed , Jenkins Samantha , Zaki Mohammed Tamim , Napier Cecelia , Abdul‐Aziz Omar I. , Zinn Zachary 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesOther medical specialties have studied how their practices influence the environment, but environmental impact studies in the field of dermatology remain limited. With respect to dermatology, vehicle emissions by patients traveling to and from appointments are an important factor influencing climate change. This study was undertaken to determine the greenhouse gas emissions avoided by managing isotretinoin virtually at West Virginia University Hospital.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted during the COVID‐19 outbreak from March 25 to December 1, 2020, where travel data were acquired and converted to emission data.Results5,137 kg of GHG emissions in CO2 equivalents were prevented by managing isotretinoin virtually during the study period. 49 400 kg of GHG emissions in CO2 equivalents would be prevented annually. This is the emission load released when 24 690 kg of coal are burned.ConclusionsEnvironmental impact studies in the field of dermatology remain limited. GHG emissions were significantly reduced by virtually managing isotretinoin at a single institution. The practice of dermatology could reduce its carbon footprint by managing isotretinoin virtually, even in non‐pandemic periods. Given that isotretinoin management represents a small percentage of the overall carbon footprint associated with dermatology, dermatologists should identify other conditions amenable to virtual medicine to produce greater environmental impact.
Topical corticosteroid use for atopic dermatitis in the pediatric emergency department
Authors: Wang Jason F. , Young Trevor K. , Melnick Laura E. , Orlow Seth J. , Oza Vikash S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground/objectivesTo investigate the evaluation and management of atopic dermatitis (AD) in the pediatric emergency department (PED).MethodsThis retrospective chart review was performed at the PED of a single institution and examined data from 2012 to 2017. Of 335 visits from patients 18 years and younger coded for AD, 167 visits with documented findings that supported a diagnosis of AD according to guidelines from the American Academy of Dermatology were included.ResultsThe mean age of presentation was 6.3 years (standard deviation [SD]: 5.9). Of 11 patients with multiple visits, the mean between‐visit interval was 31 days (SD: 41). Topical corticosteroids (TCSs) were not prescribed or recommended in 63/167 visits. In an additional 46/167 visits, over‐the‐counter topical hydrocortisone was recommended. Of prescribed TCS, the mean TCS class was 5.5 (SD: 1.9). 61/104 recommended or prescribed TCSs were weak (Class 7), the most likely used class (P < .001). Dermatology consultation was requested in 14/167 visits and was associated with higher rates of TCS prescriptions (13/14 vs 91/153, P = .018), a higher mean class of TCS prescribed (3.1 vs 5.9, P < .001), higher prescription rates of systemic antibiotics (8/14 vs 10/153, P < .001), and higher recommendation rates for emollient usage (10/14 vs 46/153, P = .005).ConclusionsMost patients presenting to the PED for AD were either not prescribed a TCS or were prescribed a weak TCS, often one that is over‐the‐counter. While there may be a variety of explanations for these findings, it is possible they reveal a practice gap regarding AD management in the PED.
The applicability of the interpersonal–psychological theory of suicide among community‐dwelling older persons
Authors: Shim Yuhwa , Choe Kwisoon , Kim Ki‐Sook , Kim Ji‐su , Ha Jeongmin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis study examined the application of the interpersonal–psychological theory of suicide to community‐dwelling older persons in South Korea.MethodsA cross‐sectional study design was used. The data were collected by surveying 200 older persons (117 female, 83 male) aged over 65 years at welfare centers for older persons. The Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, the Suicidal Ideation Scale, and the Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale were used to assess participants' thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, suicidal ideation, attempts, and the capability for suicide. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the fitness of a model based on the interpersonal–psychological theory of suicide. This theory described that perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness lead to suicidal ideation, which is transformed into suicide attempts through an acquired capability for suicide.ResultsPerceived burdensomeness was significantly associated with suicidal ideation among older persons, whereas thwarted belongingness was not. Furthermore, suicidal ideation influenced suicide attempts. The acquired capability for suicide moderated the relationship between suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.ConclusionsTo prevent suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among older persons, it is important to prevent them from feeling that they are a burden.
Physical fitness spurts in childhood: A study in boys
Authors: Pereira Sara , Garbeloto Fernando , Guimarães Eduardo , Santos Carla , Baxter‐Jones Adam , Tani Go , Freitas Duarte , Bustamante Alcibíades , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Maia José 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to (1) estimate age‐at‐mid‐growth spurt (age‐at‐MGS) in Portuguese boys from two different regions—the Azores islands and Viana do Castelo, and (2) identify spurts in a variety of physical fitness (PF) components aligned by age‐at‐MGS in the two samples. A total of 176 (Azores, n = 91; Viana do Castelo, n = 85) boys aged 6 years old were followed annually to 10 years of age. Age‐at‐MGS and spurts in PF components (speed, explosive muscular strength, abdominal muscular strength, agility, and flexibility) were identified for each sample. The timing and intensities of the spurts were estimated using a non‐smooth mathematical procedure. In Azorean boys, age‐at‐MGS occurred at 7.8 years (6.99 cm y−1), whereas in Viana do Castelo it occurred at 7.9 years (6.20 cm y−1). Spurt in speed was attained 12 months after the MGS in both samples (0.53 and 0.35 cm y−1 in Azores and Viana do Castelo, respectively), whereas spurts in explosive muscular strength and flexibility occurred 12 months before the MGS and at the MGS (Azores: 21.59 and 5.52 cm y−1 and Viana do Castelo: 14.12 and 2.5 cm y−1, respectively). Agility and abdominal muscular strength peaked between 0 and 12 months after the MGS (Viana do Castelo: 0.37 m s−1 y−1 and 6.71 reps y−1 and Azores: 0.28 m s−1 y−1 and 19.36 reps y−1, respectively). Results indicate that developmental spurts in explosive strength and flexibility occur before, or are coincident with, the mid‐growth spurt in height, whereas spurts in speed, agility, and abdominal muscular strength occur after, or coincident with, the mid‐growth spurt in height.
Belonging and its frames: Rural employers' boundary construction concerning immigrant employees
Authors: Enbuska Marja , Lähdesmäki Merja , Suutari Timo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRural employers can be significant actors in defining who is welcomed to the local community and under which conditions. Despite their importance, however, the role of rural employers in the belonging process of immigrant employees is not widely known. In this study, we focused on the discursive boundaries that rural employers (re)produce when speaking about immigrant employees. The empirical data of our study consists of 35 interviews in small and medium‐sized enterprises. We identified three frames within which employers’ carry out boundary work. These frames are dealing with work ethics, workplace rules and local community. We argue that belonging was constructed in these frames ambiguously, and highlight immigrants’ hard‐working attitude, cultural discretion and local stability. We also found that the idea of belonging was not built solely on immigrants’ adaptation but that conventional boundaries were also flexible.
Socio‐spatial strategies of school selection in a free parental choice context
Authors: Boterman Willem R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe geography of education literature has demonstrated remarkable similarities in school choice strategies across different educational and spatial contexts. The literature finds that school choice strategies of the middle classes rely on deploying different forms of capital (economic, social, and cultural). At the same time, it is evident that the specific geography and institutional idiosyncrasies of the educational landscape are navigated in locally specific ways that are not just classed but also strongly intersect with ethnicity/race. In most contexts moving house plays a central role in school choice. However, residential relocation as part of school choice strategies is highly contingent on national and local regulations of school allocation and enrolment. Investigating the case of the metropolitan area of Amsterdam, this paper uses longitudinal individual, geo‐coded register data to study the socio‐spatial school choice strategies of an entire cohort of first‐born children (2012) in a free‐school choice landscape. Employing an analysis of the interconnections of residential relocation and school choice, this paper uses multinomial logit models to assess how school is differentiated by social class and migration background and how it is related to residential (re)location. It finds that school choice strategies are differentiated by both class and ethnicity, but also very strongly depend on residential context. Remarkably, the paper finds that while a substantial number of highly educated, high‐income parents move and enrol their children in homogeneous middle‐class schools, a majority of households do not move and hence navigate the school landscape in which they find themselves. It suggests that school choice policies indeed reduce the need for residential relocation, but at the same time are conducive to school segregation.
Bacteriophage therapy for challenging bacterial infections: achievements, limitations and prospects for future clinical use by veterinary dermatologists
Authors: Squires Richard Adrian 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundBacteriophages were discovered just over 100 years ago and have been used to treat bacterial infections in animals since the 1920s. The antimicrobial resistance crisis has led to a new surge of interest in the use of bacteriophage therapy as an alternative or supplement to antimicrobial therapy in humans and other animals.ObjectivesTo describe the nature of bacteriophages and provide a critical review and update on the clinical use of bacteriophages in the treatment of challenging bacterial infections, with an emphasis on companion animal veterinary applications.Methods and materialsThe scientific literature on the subject was critically evaluated. Findings from the most pertinent papers have been presented in summary form and critiqued.ResultsOver the last 20 years there has been a considerable increase in the volume and quality of publications dealing with bacteriophage therapy. Some recent papers build on excellent work published in the 1980s and describe promising veterinary applications. Challenges related particularly to the registration and approval of phage remedies will need to be overcome before phage therapy can become a mainstream tool for use in veterinary settings. Considerably more research, particularly controlled clinical trials, needs to be done.Conclusions and clinical importanceBacteriophage therapy is one of the most promising approaches to tackling the looming antimicrobial resistance crisis, yet substantial regulatory challenges will need to be overcome before it enters widespread use. Phage therapy also may, in the future, improve the management of challenging bacterial infections that are not necessarily multidrug‐resistant.