bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Évaluation de la réforme des infirmiers diplômés d’État sur les dynamiques de carrière et la retraite : une approche par microsimulation
Authors: Dorin Christophe , Marino Anthony , Rabaté Simon , Soulat Laurent 
Published: December 2021

En 2010, le statut des infirmiers fonctionnaires a été réformé : sortie des emplois de la catégorie active en échange d’une revalorisation des grilles. Nous évaluons cette réforme ex ante en comparant la carrière et la retraite dans l’ancien et dans le nouveau statut avec le modèle de microsimulation Canopée appliqué aux fonctionnaires territoriaux et hospitaliers. Pour l’individu, sur l’ensemble de la retraite, la hausse de pension (en moyenne de 27 % pour une hausse annuelle des salaires de 1,3 %) compense largement le report de l’âge de départ (de 3,6 ans). Pour le régime de retraite, le bilan dépend des hypothèses d’actualisation. Classification JEL : H55, J26, J31, L97
Conceptions de l’atmosphère et nature de l’air au XVIII e siècle : l’héritage cartésien
Authors: Chassefière Éric 
Published: December 2021

Dans cet article, nous présentons tout d’abord les conceptions de l’atmosphère au xviii e siècle, en lien avec différentes acceptions de la notion d’air – air grossier, pur ou subtil –, héritées pour l’essentiel de Descartes, et leurs implications sur l’estimation faite à l’époque de la hauteur de l’atmosphère, principalement à partir de l’observation des aurores boréales et des mesures du baromètre réalisées sur les montagnes. Puis nous relatons l’enchaînement d’observations et d’hypothèses qui, de 1726 à 1735, a conduit des savants éminents de l’Académie royale des sciences de Paris à augmenter la hauteur de l’atmosphère de 70 à 2 000 km, la rapprochant ainsi de la valeur réconciliant la durée du jour terrestre avec la théorie des tourbillons cartésiens. Nous suggérons que ces travaux s’inscrivent dans le cadre de l’offensive cartésienne menée contre la pénétration du newtonianisme à partir de 1727, selon différents auteurs, notamment Pierre Brunet ou John Bennett Shank.
« Les mystères du confessionnal » ?
Authors: Muller Caroline 
Published: December 2021

La « scène de confessionnal » abonde dans la presse parisienne de la seconde moitié du xixe siècle. Le discours de presse révèle l’ambivalence de la place du confessionnal au cœur de l’église dans la ville, à la fois lieu de pratiques spirituelles publiques et mondaines et espace du secret bien protégé de la confession. La scène de confessionnal intègre progressivement le fait divers, la chronique, jusqu’aux feuilletons et aux satires anticléricales, suscitant des regards démultipliés, entre métaphore du secret des consciences et symbole des dangers recelés par le secret.
Les misères de Paris
Authors: Hohnsbein Axel 
Published: December 2021

La Revue photographique des hôpitaux de Paris est un objet trouble. S’attribuant le rôle de vitrine pour les hôpitaux de Paris, elle met en scène la rencontre de deux milieux diamétralement opposés : le public médical, éduqué et privilégié, et les cas pathologiques les plus exceptionnels du Paris populaire. S’inscrivant dans une modernité typique du Second Empire, où la centralisation et la spectacularisation des merveilles de la science et de l’industrie sont la règle, elle remplit plus ou moins consciemment trois fonctions : offrant un panorama saisissant de la vie du Paris populaire et de ses accidents biologiques, elle veut raconter des « histoires » de maladies sélectionnées pour leur rareté, en les accompagnant d’une iconographie qu’elle érige en argument de vente principal via son titre. Cette étude montre que faute de ligne éditoriale suffisamment développée, cette revue est d’une extrême ambiguïté.
Sciences, Arts et Progrès ! Une visite au musée Spitzner en 1895
Authors: Carol Anne , Hermitte Béatrice 
Published: December 2021

Le musée Spitzner, fondé en 1856, est un des plus célèbres musées anatomiques et forains de la seconde moitié du xixe siècle en Europe ; ses collections, principalement constituées de cires, sont souvent analysées aujourd’hui par le prisme d’une esthétique de l’étrange. À travers la présentation de 9 pièces représentatives de ses collections, cet article a pour objectif d’en restituer la dimension pédagogique et de tenter d’en recontextualiser la perception par les contemporains.
Survivre à l’inondation
Authors: Langumier Julien 
Published: December 2021

13 novembre 1999 : le village de Cuxac-d’Aude est touché par les inondations de l’Aude. Alors que cinq victimes sont dénombrées et que plus de quatre-vingt pour cent de la commune est sinistrée, l’intense médiatisation ainsi que la mobilisation des responsables institutionnels font de Cuxac-d’Aude un des villages martyrs de la catastrophe.
Dans l’ombre des discours experts et des mises en récit médiatiques, l’enquête ethnographique menée ici éclaire, deux ans après l’inondation, ce qui fait événement localement. Les pratiques de témoignages, les recherches d’explication et les manifestations de la mémoire collective rendent compte de la manière dont la société locale se saisit de la tragédie.
En s’intéressant à la fois aux sinistrés et aux gestionnaires, aux récits et aux pratiques, cet ouvrage explicite les logiques des actions à l’œuvre sur un territoire sinistré. À travers une catastrophe naturelle contemporaine, il aborde ce qui constituera sans doute un des traits du quotidien de demain marqué par le réchauffement climatique et la répétition chronique d’événements extrêmes.
Les jarres de stockage en Grèce mycénienne
Authors: Webb Russell 
Published: December 2021

Les données archéologiques attestent de l’emploi de jarres pour stocker les aliments dans la Grèce mycénienne aux périodes palatiale et post-palatiale (v. 1400-1100 av. J.-C.). Il reste cependant à considérer, de façon détaillée, la question des types de jarres utilisés et de leurs fonctions spécifiques. Caractériser les jarres de stockage en tant que classe fonctionnelle de céramique est en effet une étape nécessaire pour saisir les pratiques et les stratégies de stockage adoptées par les Mycéniens. Dans cet article nous proposons une approche morphométrique des jarres, prenant en compte la forme, les dimensions et le volume des vases, là où les typologies traditionnelles se fondent sur des critères morpho-stylistiques. Nous présentons ici 6 principaux types et discutons des modes de fonctionnement propres à chacun. La distinction de nouveaux types (types 1-3), jusque-là non identifiés, démontre la pertinence de l’approche proposée.
La nourriture imprimée
Authors: Bonoron Alexandrine 
Published: December 2021

Cet article présente et analyse un sujet méconnu des études universitaires : la nourriture imprimée. Pour cela, l’auteure établit une lecture sociologique à partir de différentes sortes d’imprimés : livres d’artistes, photographies, multiples d’artistes, magazines indépendants et images liées à des livres de recettes. À travers les deux thématiques dégagées, c’est-à-dire les images d’abondance et l’approche documentaire, l’auteure montrera que la nourriture imprimée va au-delà d’une simple nourriture visuelle. Celle-ci est fortement liée à des idéologies politiques d’une part, et à une résistance des artistes au marché de l’art d’autre part (par le biais notamment de la pratique documentaire). De plus, le rapport psychologique humain à l’aliment imprègne fortement les visions de nourriture imprimée, que celles-ci possèdent un but artistique ou non.
Shining Light on Silence: Corporal Punishment as an Abuse of Power in the Irish School System
Authors: Quinlan Timothy 
Published: December 2021

This article focuses on one second-level teacher’s experience of the use and abuse of corporal punishment in Ireland both during his own school years and during some forty years spent as a classroom practitioner. The years encompassed in this essay range from 1962 until 2018 when the author retired. The article offers a positive definition of power which is life-enhancing by way of foregrounding the gross abuse of that power in Irish schools during those years. Considerable attention is given to the rights of the child as an individual in his or her own right and the article highlights the contribution of major educationists to that end. Firmly rooted in the area of education studies, this article offers an ego-historical take on the physical and emotional bullying of young children from the early 1960s to more recent times. Acknowledging that silence in the face of any form of the abuse of power is itself consent, the author argues that any system of education worth its salt must promote a strong moral code of conduct on the part of those whom parents entrust with the education of their children.
Dépôts et pratiques symboliques dans l’établissement aristocratique gaulois de Varennes-sur-Seine, la Justice (Seine-et-Marne)
Authors: Séguier Jean-Marc , Auxiette Ginette , Pilon Fabien 
Published: December 2021

La fouille de la ferme gauloise de la Justice à Varennes-sur-Seine (Seine-et-Marne) a révélé un ensemble de structures et de mobilier qui situent l’établissement dans un contexte aristocratique. Trois dépôts, localisés au cœur de l’habitat et dans le fossé d’enceinte, se singularisent par leur agencement et leur composition. Les deux premiers, implantés dans des puits factices, correspondent d’une part à une grande quantité de viande de porc et de bœuf enfouie dans un coffre et, d’autre part, à une fibule en argent isolée. Le dernier est un dépôt de statères. L’analyse de ces ensembles, la restitution des gestes et la prise en compte d’autres éléments (couteau à manche aviforme, fagot d’objets métalliques, restes humains secs…) les inscrivent dans la sphère des manifestations à caractère symbolique et d’ordre privé. Ces dernières semblent avoir été l’apanage d’une frange privilégiée de la population dont tout semble indiquer qu’elle a exercé un contrôle économique sur le confluent Seine-Yonne via l’association entre l’établissement rural et l’agglomération voisine du Marais du Pont. Les données permettent de souligner l’interaction entre l’idéologie fondée sur l’appropriation de la terre et le contexte social qui servent de support au discours symbolique.
Evaluation of thyromental height test in prediction of difficult airway in obese surgical patients: An observational study
Authors: Ahmed Abeer M. , Zaky Monica N. , El-Mekawy Nevan M. , Ollaek Mohamed A. , Sami Wael M. , Mohamed Dina M. 
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims:Thyromental height test (TMHT) has revealed good potentials for predicting difficult laryngoscopy view (DLV) in non-obese patients, but its accuracy in obese patients is not evident. This study aimed to assess the validity of TMHT as a predictor of DLV in obese surgical patients.Methods:105 patients, aged 18–60 years, with body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2, scheduled for elective surgeries under general anaesthesia with an endotracheal tube inserted using conventional laryngoscope were included. Airway was assessed with TMHT, modified Mallampati test (MMT), neck circumference (NC) and NC/TMHT ratio. The DLV was defined as Cormack–Lehane grade ≥3. The primary endpoint was the validity of TMHT as a predictor of DLV. The secondary endpoints were to compare the accuracy of TMHT with that of the NC, MMT and NC/TMHT ratio as predictors of the difficult airway.Results:The BMI was 43.7 ± 6.6 kg/m2. The DLV cases were 23/105 (21.9%). The MMT, TMHT and NC/TMHT ratio had the best predictive ability of DLV with areas under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.91, 0.92 and 0.80; at cut-off values >2, <47 mm and >7.9, respectively. MMT and TMHT were the only predictors of DLV by multivariate analysis.Conclusion:In obese surgical patients, TMHT is an excellent predictor of DLV when the cut-off value is <47 mm.
Impact of Altmetrics in evaluation of scientific journals, research outputs and scientists’ careers: Views of editors of high impact anaesthesia, critical care and pain medicine journals
Authors: Fassoulaki Argyro , Staikou Chryssoula , Micha Georgia 
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims:Altmetrics represent the attention of an article drawn from social and mainstream media. The aim of this survey was to investigate the views of editors of high-impact journals on the Altmetric Attention Score (AAS), the number derived from an automated algorithm including a weighted count of mainstream news and social media sources.Methods:A questionnaire related to the AAS was sent to the editors of high-impact journals, namely Anaesthesia, Critical Care Medicine (CCM) and Pain Medicine (PM). Eleven questions were related to the possible benefits and flaws of Altmetrics.Results:Of the 1,381 editors asked, 126 answered. The overall answers showed that 76% of the editors were familiar with Altmetrics, 28% knew how AAS is calculated, 12% believed that AAS should replace traditional bibliometrics, 34% favoured AAS for journal ranking, 40% believed that AAS should be used to assess an article, 44% felt that AAS should be included in researchers’ curriculum vitae and 22% felt that it should be considered for grants. Sixty-two percent of editors believed that AAS is vulnerable to manipulations, 60% proposed improvement and 16% abandonment. Positive answers were similar across the fields, except for journal ranking. Fifty-four percent of editors of the CCM journals favoured journal ranking using AAS versus 28% and 26% editors of anaesthesia and PM journals (P= 0.025 andP= 0.006, respectively).Conclusion:A high percentage of editors believed that AAS should be used to assess scholarly output and that it should be included in the researchers’ curriculum vitae. Sixty percent of responders supported the improvement of AAS.
Regional anaesthesia practices in India: A nationwide survey
Authors: Ramachandran Srinivasan , Malhotra Naveen , Velayudhan Savitri , Bajwa Sukhminder Jit Singh , Joshi Muralidhar , Mehdiratta Lalit , Hiremath Vishwanath R. 
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims:There are no surveys documenting the existing regional anaesthesia (RA) practices in our country. This nationwide survey aims to record the existing RA practices, identify any lacunae that might exist and project the future direction of evolution.Methods:This online survey consisting of 31 questions was sent to all members of the Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists and addressed participants’ demographic features, central neuraxial block and peripheral nerve block practices, drug selection, RA training and safety measures. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24.0. All categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages.Results:A total of 2141 responses were received, with participants distributed across the country. Forty-two per cent of the respondents reported that more than 60% of surgeries were performed under RA. Most of the participants use ‘traditional’ test dose for epidural space confirmation. Fifty participants (2.4%) use ultrasound for neuraxial space identification. Twenty per cent of the participants use a checklist for monitoring post-operative epidural analgesia. 6.7% have undergone specialised training in RA. Around 3.5% of the respondents have performed a wrong-side block. 31.4% of the respondents store intralipid in the operating room.Conclusion:The current survey highlights the prevailing practices, various deficiencies in monitoring and the need for RA training programmes. The data accrued can serve as a baseline for future comparison.
Evaluation of the use of the channeled King Vision video laryngoscope in improving glottic visualisation in patients with limited glottic view with the Macintosh laryngoscope: A prospective observational study
Authors: Choudhary Jaya , Barai Arijit Kumar , Das Sandip , Mukherjee Nirjhar 
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims:The role of King Vision videolaryngoscope (KVL) is well known in the anticipated difficult airway. However, its performance in patients with unanticipated restricted view of the glottis has never been investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of KVL in patients with limited glottic view (POGO score <50%).Methods:Eighty-five patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Laryngoscopy was performed in each patient with Macintosh blade followed by the channeled KVL. The laryngeal view obtained with each device was recorded using POGO score and Cormack--Lehane (CL) grade. After that, endotracheal intubation was attempted with the KVL. The haemodynamic parameters, the time taken for endotracheal tube placement and intubation, failure to intubate, modified intubation difficulty score and airway complications were also recorded.Results:There was a statistically significant improvement in the POGO scores with the use of KVL: 20 (0,40) vs 90 (40,100) (P< 0.001). The frequency of CL grade I and II increased from 63% with conventional laryngoscopy to 100% with the KVL. Although the time taken to obtain the best glottic view was significantly longer with the KVL as compared to the Macintosh blade (P< 0.001), the first attempt success rate was 97.65%.Conclusion:Channeled KVL when used by experienced operators provides superior laryngeal view as compared to Macintosh laryngoscope in patients with restricted glottic view (POGO score <50%) without any major airway complications.
Evaluation and analysis of new design traditional handloom performance in reducing work musculoskeletal disorders among Sarong Samarinda female weavers
Authors: Ramdan Iwan Muhamad , Candra Krishna Purnawan 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Work musculoskeletal disorder (WMSDs) are occupational health problems whose prevalence is still high in various countries. Ergonomic interventions are the most successful approach to reducing WMSDs. This study evaluated the effect of redesign traditional handloom on the work posture and musculoskeletal disorders of Samarinda Sarong traditional weavers.

Methods:
The quasi-experiment has been carried out on 40 traditional weavers from February to September 2019 in Samarinda, Indonesia. The weaver using the new design handloom then evaluated its impact on work posture and WMSDs in the first 3 months and the second 3 months. Work posture was assessed using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). WMSDs were assessed using a Nordic Body Map questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Friedman and Dunn's test.

Results:
The RULA score decreased from 7 to 3 and 2, while the WMSD risk at “very high” level decreased from 12.5% to 7.5% and 2.5% and the WMSD at “high” risk level decreased from 87.5% to 10.0% and 5.0% following the introducing of the new design traditional handloom at 3 and 6 months, respectively.

Conclusions:
The new design of the traditional handloom on Sarong Samarinda female weavers has succeeded in improving work posture and reducing WMSDs.
Statin therapy associated with decreased neuronal injury measured by serum S100β levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Al-Kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Naji Marwa Thaier 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Acute ischemic strokes (AIS) are a common cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability. The serum biomarker S100β correlates with poor neurological outcomes in the setting of AIS. This study describes the impact of statin treatment on S100β levels following AIS.

Methods:
This was a prospective case–control study of AIS patients compared to healthy controls. Patients were stratified into three groups: (1) AIS patients on statin therapy, (2) AIS patients not on statin therapy, and (3) healthy controls. Demographics, clinical parameters, stroke risk scores (SRS), and S100β levels were recorded for all patients.

Results:
Blood pressure, lipids, and SRS scores were higher in stroke versus control patients (all P < 0.05), and lower in Group I versus II (all P < 0.05). S100β levels were higher in stroke versus nonstroke patients (P = 0.001), and lower in Group I versus II (P = 0.001). Furthermore, patients on atorvastatin showed greater S100β reductions than those on rosuvastatin therapy (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
In acute stroke patients, statins therapy correlated with reductions in the neuronal injury biomarker S100β, with greater reductions observed for atorvastatin than rosuvastatin therapy.
The burden and characteristics of nosocomial infections in an intensive care unit
Authors: Karn Manisha , Bhargava Dipak , Dhungel Binod , Banjara Megha Raj , Rijal Komal Raj , Ghimire Prakash 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Patients at intensive care units (ICUs) are vulnerable to acquiring nosocomial infections. The main objective of this study was to explore and characterize the burden of nosocomial infections from an ICU of National Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NMCTH), Birgunj, Nepal.

Methods:
A prospective hospital-based study was conducted between April and December 2018 at NMCTH, Birgunj, Province 2, of Nepal. A total of 374 specimens including clinical specimens (n = 190) from patients admitted in an ICU and animate and inanimate environmental samples (n = 184) from the ICU were collected. Collected specimens were cultured in specific microbiological media, and microbial isolates were identified and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test.

Results:
Altogether, 374 specimens (190 clinical specimens and 184 nonclinical) of an ICU were analyzed. Out of 190 clinical specimens, 51% (97/190) showed bacterial growth. Isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (33%; 32/97), Escherichia coli (20.6%; 20/97), Klebsiella spp. (15.5%; 15/97), Pseudomonas spp. (11.3%; 11/97), and Acinetobacter spp. (11.3%; 11/97). Out of 184 nonclinical specimens, 51.6% (95/184) of the samples showed microbial growth. Among the isolates, Klebsiella spp. predominated (30.6%; 26/85) the growth, followed by S. aureus (22.4%; 19/85), Acinetobacter spp. (21.2%; 18/85), and Pseudomonas spp. (17.6%; 15/85). Among all clinical and nonclinical isolates, 61.9% (60/97) of the clinical specimens and 65.9% (56/85) of the nonclinical specimens showed multidrug resistance (MDR).

Conclusion:
Two-thirds of the specimens from both clinical and nonclinical specimens showed MDR. Urgent actions are required to address the augmented rate of nosocomial infections and MDR bacteria among ICUs in Nepal.
Oral health status of hearing and speech-impaired schoolchildren in Erode district, Tamil Nadu – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kalaivani S. , Shavi Girish R. , Shanmugam Shankar , Sanga Ranganath , Gunasekaran Lalithambigai , Rahila C. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Children with hearing and speech impairment are one of the important groups deprived of good oral health due to communication barriers. The chance of acquiring minimal information can significantly affect their personal as well as oral health.

Aim:
The present study was conducted to assess the oral health status among hearing and speech-impaired children in Erode.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among hearing and speech-impaired children aged 7–14 years attending special schools at Erode, Tamil Nadu. A structured questionnaire written in vernacular language (Tamil) was used to obtain information on demographic details and oral hygiene practices. Then, oral examination was carried out and findings were recorded in the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form for Children, 2013. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
A total of 75 children were examined including 46 males (61%) and 29 females (39%). The common dental diseases found in the children were dental caries (65%) and gingival bleeding (47%). Most of the children (76%) required prompt treatment. Intervention urgency is higher among those children who have not visited a dentist before.

Conclusion:
The present study population has extensive dental treatment needs owing to communication difficulties and underutilization of dental care. The dental professionals along with the school authorities and voluntary agencies should reorganize the preventive as well as curative dental services so as to benefit the hearing and speech-impaired children.