bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a simple, rapid multiplex PCR tool kit by using the 16S rRNA gene for the identification of faecal and non-faecal coliforms in drinking water
Authors: Shiva Shanker A. , Rajesh N. , Pindi Pavan Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A multiplex method for the detection of faecal and non-faecal coliforms in drinking water was developed using three primers from the V2, V3 and V9 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. 194F, 474F and 1436R are the three primers designed for specific amplification of the V2, V3 and V9 hyper variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows for differentiation of total coliforms from faecal coliforms by specific amplicons: 1,285 bp of amplicon is specific for six non-faecal coliform genera and 1,009 bp of amplicon is specific for faecal coliform ie. E. coli. If drinking water was contaminated with both faecal and non-faecal coliforms then two amplicons of 1,285 bp and 1,009 bp by combination of the three primers are observed. A multiplex PCR assay based on the 16S rRNA gene should be a beneficial tool kit for the rapid identification of total coliforms in a large number of water samples compared with traditional methods. Results can be acquired within 3 hrs compared with the classic most probable number (MPN) method (3–4 days). This assay will be useful in diversification and detection of seven genera of total coliforms by using variable regions of 16S rRNA.
Neoliberalism, P3s, and the Canadian Municipal Water Sector
Authors: Lang Michael 
Published: March 2021

In this paper I consider how the increase of Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) in Canada now threatens the autonomy of municipal water services. P3s have gained traction since the 1990s as a mechanism of private alternative service delivery that replace traditional public provision. Over the past decade, P3s have been actively promoted by the state via quasi-government agencies such as Public-Private Partnerships Canada (PPP Canada), yet their results have been markedly poor. Nevertheless, P3s are now being situated as a key mechanism in the neoliberal (re)regulation of public services, regardless of their shortcomings and inequities. With this in mind, I frame recent Federal policy changes concerning the funding of local water infrastructure and services and their implementation through such agencies as PPP Canada as expressions of post-political governance in Canada. I argue that the capacity for local decision-making concerning this integral social and ecological service is being overwhelmed by a technocratic, expert-driven political process that is contingent on the hegemony of economic austerity to institute municipal water privatization, free from democratic accountability.

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Public Event: Rashamon Effects Film Showing, Book Launch and Discussion
Authors: Ackerley Christine Rose 
Published: March 2021

A screening of director Kurosawa’s 1950 Oscar winning feature film Rashomon will be followed by an overview of the newly published book, Rashomon Effects: Kurosawa, Rashomon and their legacies, written by Blair Davis (DePaul University in Chicago) Robert Anderson (SFU) and Jan Walls (SFU). The event will take place on February 19, 2016, starting at 6:45 p.m. in room 1800 at SFU Harbour Centre. Please see the attached poster for details.
Public Event: Global Communication M.A. Double Degree Program Colloquium Presentation - Part I: "My story, my research"
Authors: Ackerley Christine Rose 
Published: March 2021

Dr. Xing Zeng is presenting Part I of the CMNS Double Degree Colloquium titled "My story, my research," on February 25, 2016 from 9:30am to 11:30am at SFU Vancouver Harbour Center Campus Room 2250. Light refreshments will be provided. Limited seats. First come, first served.Using institutional ethnography Dr. Xing will analyze the relation between her positionality and her research in the context of contemporary China, and will comment on approaches to Communication research in her homeland. Having focused on empirical studies of media usage and social capital in her previous work on community media, Dr. Xing is now exploring post-positivist methods including standpoint theory.Dr. Xing Zeng, Associate Professor, School of Journalism, Communication University of China, Beijing. Visiting Scholar 2015-16, Double MA in Global Communication, School of Communication, SFU.Dr. Xing Zeng's research focuses on community media and comparative research methodologies. She earned her PhD at the Communication University of China.
Selling Marvelâ€™s Cinematic Superheroes Through Militarization
Authors: Pardy Brett 
Published: March 2021

The Marvel comics film adaptations have been some of the most successful Hollywood products of the post 9/11 period, bringing formerly obscure cultural texts into the mainstream. Through an analysis of the adaptation process of Marvel Entertainmentâ€™s superhero franchise from comics to film, I argue that militarization has been used by Hollywood as a discursive formation with which to transform niche properties into mass market products. I consider the locations of narrative ambiguities in two key comics texts, The Ultimates (2002-2007) and The New Avengers (2005-2012), as well as in the film The Avengers (2011), and demonstrate the significant reorientation towards the military of the film franchise. While Marvel had attempted to produce film adaptations for decades, only under the new â€œmilitainmentâ€ discursive formation was it finally successful. I argue that superheroes are malleable icons, known largely by the public by their image and perhaps general character traits rather than their narratives. Militainment is introduced through a discourse of realism provided by Marvel Studios as an indicator that the property is not just for children.
Keywords: militarization, popular film, comic books, adaptation
Building and Mobilizing Social Capital: A Phenomenological Study of Part-time Professors
Authors: Jamieson Sarah , Terrion Jenepher Lennox 
Published: March 2021

This paper explores the experiences of new part-time professors (instructors hired on a semester-by-semester basis that have been working at the institution for less than five years) and considers the phenomenon of how they connect with peers. It examines whether a lack of connection exists among part-time professors at the University of Ottawa and how this may affect their experience (i.e. teaching and career), lead to barriers to connection, and affect their social capital (i.e., their ability to access or use resources embedded in their social networks). Using Moustakasâ€™ (1994) phenomenological approach for collecting and analyzing data and Creswellâ€™s (2007) approach for establishing validity, we uncovered several thematic patterns in participantsâ€™ experience that indicate barriers to connection and affect the ability to access and mobilize social capital: Feeling uncertain or impermanent, isolated, overwhelmed, and like second-class citizens. The paper concludes that inadequate social capital may not only influence part-time professors â€“ it may also have problematic implications for students, the department, and the University as a whole.
Keywords: Social capital, barriers to communication, phenomenology, qualitative methods, part-time professors
Public Event: The Marriott Cell: A Conversation With Mohamed Fahmy
Authors: Ackerley Christine Rose 
Published: March 2021

Adel Iskandar will engage Mohamed Fahmy on a wide range of critical issues including revolution, incarceration, Al-Jazeera, Islamist politics, and press freedoms. The event is on Tuesday, November 29, from 7:00pm to 9:00pm at SFU Harbour Centre in room 1900.The event is co-sponsored by SFU's Institute for the Humanities, Global Communication MA Double Degree, School of Communication, Centre for Comparative Study of Muslim Societies and Cultures (CCSMSC), School of International Studies (SIS), and The Media Democracy Project.For more details, please see the pdf poster attached.
Public Event: Documenting Nikkei Histories
Authors: Ackerley Christine Rose 
Published: March 2021

A panel discussion and film screening event, titled Documenting Nikkei Histories, will be held on Sunday, January 15, 2017, from 1:00pm - 5:00pm at The Special Events Hall in Nikkei National Museum & Cultural Centre (6688 Southoaks Crescent, Burnaby BC V5E 4M7).This event is co-sponsored by FCAT's Centre for Policy Studies on Culture and Communities, SFU's David See-Chai Lam Centre for International Communication, Nikkei National Museum & Cultural Centre and Powell Street Festival. For details, please see the attached poster.
Adaptive Susceptible-Infectious-Removed Model for Continuous Estimation of the COVID-19 Infection Rate and Reproduction Number in the United States: Modeling Study
Authors: Shapiro Mark B , Karim Fazle , Muscioni Guido , Augustine Abel Saju 
Published: March 2021

Background
The dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic vary owing to local population density and policy measures. During decision-making, policymakers consider an estimate of the effective reproduction number Rt, which is the expected number of secondary infections spread by a single infected individual.

Objective
We propose a simple method for estimating the time-varying infection rate and the Rt.

Methods
We used a sliding window approach with a Susceptible-Infectious-Removed (SIR) model. We estimated the infection rate from the reported cases over a 7-day window to obtain a continuous estimation of Rt. A proposed adaptive SIR (aSIR) model was applied to analyze the data at the state and county levels.

Results
The aSIR model showed an excellent fit for the number of reported COVID-19 cases, and the 1-day forecast mean absolute prediction error was <2.6% across all states. However, the 7-day forecast mean absolute prediction error approached 16.2% and strongly overestimated the number of cases when the Rt was rapidly decreasing. The maximal Rt displayed a wide range of 2.0 to 4.5 across all states, with the highest values for New York (4.4) and Michigan (4.5). We found that the aSIR model can rapidly adapt to an increase in the number of tests and an associated increase in the reported cases of infection. Our results also suggest that intensive testing may be an effective method of reducing Rt.

Conclusions
The aSIR model provides a simple and accurate computational tool for continuous Rt estimation and evaluation of the efficacy of mitigation measures.
Perspectives of Inpatients With Cirrhosis and Caregivers on Using Health Information Technology: Cross-sectional Multicenter Study
Authors: Acharya Chathur , Sehrawat Tejasav S , McGuire Deborah B , Shaw Jawaid , Fagan Andrew , McGeorge Sara , Olofson Amy , White Melanie B , Gavis Edith , Kamath Patrick S , Bergstrom Lori , Bajaj Jasmohan Singh 
Published: March 2021

Background
Health information technology (IT) interventions to decrease readmissions for cirrhosis may be limited by patient-associated factors.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine perspectives regarding adoption versus refusal of health IT interventions among patient-caregiver dyads.

Methods
Inpatients with cirrhosis and their caregivers were approached to participate in a randomized health IT intervention trial requiring daily contact with research teams via the Patient Buddy app. This app focuses on ascites, medications, and hepatic encephalopathy over 30 days. Regression analyses for characteristics associated with acceptance were performed. For those who declined, a semistructured interview was performed with themes focused on caregivers, protocol, transport/logistics, technology demands, and privacy.

Results
A total of 349 patient-caregiver dyads were approached (191 from Virginia Commonwealth University, 56 from Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and 102 from Mayo Clinic), 87 of which (25%) agreed to participate. On regression, dyads agreeing included a male patient (odds ratio [OR] 2.08, P=.01), gastrointestinal bleeding (OR 2.3, P=.006), or hepatic encephalopathy admission (OR 2.0, P=.01), whereas opioid use (OR 0.46, P=.03) and alcohol-related etiology (OR 0.54, P=.02) were associated with refusal. Race, study site, and other admission reasons did not contribute to refusing participation. Among the 262 dyads who declined randomization, caregiver reluctance (43%), perceived burden (31%), technology-related issues (14%), transportation/logistics (10%), and others (4%), but not privacy, were highlighted as major concerns.

Conclusions
Patients with cirrhosis admitted with hepatic encephalopathy and gastrointestinal bleeding without opioid use or alcohol-related etiologies were more likely to participate in a health IT intervention focused on preventing readmissions. Caregiver and study burden but not privacy were major reasons to decline participation. Reducing perceived patient-caregiver burden and improving communication may improve participation.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03564626; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03564626
BIOFILM FORMATION AND QUORUM SENSING ANALYSIS OF UROPATHOGENIC MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: M. MOHANA PRIYA , BHUVANESHWARI G. 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Escherichia coli (E. coli) are gram-negative facultative anaerobes which are commonly found in the lower intestine. Biofilm production in E. coli promotes colonization and leads to an increase rate of infections, and such infections may be difficult to treat as they exhibit multidrug resistance (MDR).
Methods: 50 strains of uropathogenic E. coli were collected from Clinical Microbiology laboratory at Saveetha medical college and hospital for a time period of 3 mo. Strains were identified by conventional biochemical methods. Biofilm formation and quorum sensing analysis were performed by the Microtitre plate method and Thin Layer Chromatography method (TLC), respectively.
Results: In this study, 46 (92%) of E. coli strains were strong, 3(6%) were intermediate and 1(2%) were weak biofilm producers. From TLC analysis, 34 (68%) of the strains produced Acyl Homoserine Lactone molecules. Out of which, 16 isolates were shown unknown analytes of Retardation factor (Rf) value greater than 1. The Rf values identified were 3 unsubstituted C4 (5), 3 unsubstituted C6 (3), 3 oxo C8 (3), 3 oxo C4 (4), 3 oxo C6 (2), 3 oxo C1 (1).
Conclusion: In this study, 100% of isolates were biofilm producers. Of which 18 strains produced known Acyl Homoserine Lactone molecules and 16 isolates produced unknown analytes. Thus, quorum sensing molecules plays a major role in biofilm formation.
Mechanisms of elimination of undesired evidence from criminal trial: a comparative approach
Authors: Kuczyńska Hanna 
Published: March 2021

Este artigo pretende apresentar dois modelos de exclusão de provas indesejáveis que operam em ordenamentos continentais e de common law. São analisados os mecanismos de bloqueio de informações antes de se tornaram provas no processo penal, os quais podem ser definidos como instrumentos (soluções) adotadas em um determinado modelo de processo penal que permite a verificação e eventual exclusão de provas inadmissíveis pois definidas como indesejáveis à verificação dos fatos. Com base em uma “perspectiva de modelo”, será descrito o funcionamento desses mecanismos de exclusão (ou bloqueio) de provas indesejáveis nos Estados Unidos e na Inglaterra, na Alemanha, na França, na Polônia e na Itália. Também serão analisados o estágio da eliminação e o tipo de procedimento para aplicar o bloqueio. Analisar-se-á o modo em que a análise atomística e holística da prova atua e as suas consequências. A última parte do texto irá demonstrar como a existência de distintos motivos para a exclusão da prova na forma de ilegalidade, não fiabilidade e irrelevância, a depender da gravidade da violação da lei, podem resultar em diferentes consequências. Isso permitirá verificar se os modelos continentais ou de common law são coerentes e efetivos e se eles atendem ao objetivo almejado de eliminar provas indesejáveis. Nas conclusões, será demonstrado que o árbitro final sobre admissibilidade da prova em ambos os modelos é o julgador e como isso autoriza a ponderação dos interesses legalmente protegidos em cada caso. Assim, também se observará que no modelo continental de exclusão de provas indesejáveis não se pode afirmar que há um mecanismo integralmente desenvolvido para bloquear informações de se tornarem provas no processo penal.
Reconhecimento fotográfico e presunção de inocência
Authors: Matida Janaina , Cecconello William Weber 
Published: March 2021

O reconhecimento de pessoas é uma prova importante para o processo penal, entretanto, inocentes podem ser reconhecidos por crimes que não cometeram. Procedimentos adotados para o reconhecimento podem aumentar a probabilidade de um falso reconhecimento, como a apresentação de um único suspeito (show-up), ou múltiplos suspeitos ao mesmo tempo (álbum de suspeitos). Neste contexto de manifestas irregularidades, o reconhecimento por método fotográfico é tido como pouco confiável no Brasil, sendo preferível o reconhecimento presencial. Neste artigo, a partir do diálogo entre a epistemologia jurídica e da psicologia do testemunho, considerando pesquisas e experimentos, refletimos sobre as vantagens e possibilidades da realização de reconhecimento por método fotográfico como forma facilitar um procedimento de alinhamento justo. São apresentados dados empíricos da psicologia experimental que confirmam resultados do método fotográfico para reconhecimento e, ao final, com base neles, são apresentados argumentos para a sua adoção rumo à construção de um processo penal brasileiro de contornos democráticos, que assegure alcance efetivo à presunção de inocência.
LEUCEMIA MIELOIDE E LINFOIDE: TAXA DE MORTALIDADE NO ESTADO DO PARÁ-BRASIL ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2000 E 2017
Authors: Weber Douglas Mroginski 
Published: March 2021

As leucemias são neoplasias hematopoiéticas heterogêneas, podendo ser classificadas em mieloides e linfoides de acordo com a linhagem celular acometida, e subdivididas em agudas e crônicas. Estudos conduzidos em outros países e no Brasil evidenciam, diminuição de sua mortalidade e aumento da sobrevida. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar as taxas de mortalidades por leucemias no estado do Pará em crianças, adolescentes, adultos e idosos. Os pacientes foram categorizados em grupos de idade de amplitude 0 até 19 anos, conforme o IARC, e os adultos com amplitude 10, até 70 anos acima conforme o IBGE. Foram utilizados dados de óbitos por leucemias obtidos no Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade para o período de 2000 a 2017. O período de análise foi estratificado em triênios e foram calculadas taxas de mortalidade, para o estado do Pará, ajustadas pela população mundial. Quanto as estatísticas foram utilizadas o software minitab versão 18, com análise descritiva dos dados, com intervalo de confiança de 95%, para média populacional tanto do sexo masculino quanto do feminino e raças. No período estudado, ocorreram cerca de 3.632 óbitos por leucemias no estado. Observou-se uma média de óbitos, de 1,01 e 1,58/100 mil habitantes por leucemia linfoide no sexo feminino e masculino, respectivamente. Na leucemia mieloide houve uma média de 1,69 e 1,86/100 mil habitantes para o sexo feminino e masculino. Nas raças houve uma predominância da parda em todas as idades, sexo e leucemias, com 2.390 óbitos de um total de 3.134. Notou-se uma média de mortalidade de 1,52 e 1,51/100 mil habitantes para sexo feminino e masculino, respectivamente, na leucemia linfoide. E na leucemia mieloide houve uma média de 1,06 e 1,35/100 mil habitantes para sexo feminino e masculino. No período de 2000 a 2017, observou-se um decréscimo em todas as leucemias, com o sexo masculino sendo o mais afetado em quase todas as leucemias.
ANALISIS IN SILICO PROTEIN CLOCK (CIRCADIAN LOCOMOTOR OUTPUT CYCLES KAPUT) PADA Patagioenas fasciata monilis
Authors: Suprianto Suprianto , Budiarsa I Made 
Published: March 2021

CLOCK merupakan protein penting yangÂ berperan dalam adaptasi ekologi dan fisiologi organisme. Studi sebelumnya menjelaskan bahwa CLOCK memiliki pengaruh terhadap perubahan perilaku hewan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis protein CLOCK pada burung Patagioenas fasciata monilis. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode homologi. Hasil struktur model berdasarkan assessment menunjukkan akurasi model yang mendekati struktur sebenarnya. Struktur model yang diperoleh memiliki berat 96200,04 Daltons, tiga daerah struktur beta-sheet, lima daerah struktur alpha-helix, 1,47 % daerah outliers,Â dua residu C-Beta Deviations, nilai identity 94,43 %, 34 sudut buruk, nilai QMEANÂ -1,69 dan nilai GMQE 0,31.Â Kata Kunci : CLOCK, Patagioenas fasciata monilis, in silico, homologi
SELF-BALANCING ROBOT BERODA DUA DENGAN METODE PID
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Susilo Deddy , Dewantoro Gunawan 
Published: March 2021

Perkembangan teknologi membuat para peneliti berkeinginan mengembangkan robot lebih dari dua dekade ini, salah satu pengembangannya yaitu dengan menambahkan fitur self-balancing pada robot trainer untuk edukasi. Fitur ini menggunakan konsep pendulum terbalik yang harus menyeimbangkan pusat massa agar dapat berada di posisi seimbang. Untuk dapat membuat robot dapat berdiri dengan seimbang, maka dipakailah sebuah metode yaitu kendali PID. Metode ini bertujuan untuk membuat error sudut sekecil-kecilnya sehingga dapat membuat robot beroda dua pada posisi tegak. Robot yang digunakan merupakan robot Trainer Edukasi yang dirancang untuk media pembelajaran dan telah digunakan di beberapa sekolah yang terdapat di Kota Salatiga. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa robot dapat menyeimbangkan diri dan tahan terhadap gangguan luar dengan baik, dengan error kemiringan sebesar 1,14 derajat. Robot ini juga mampu bergerak dalam posisi tegak denganÂ kecepatan maksimal yang dapat ditangani robot adalah 15,07 cm/detik.
Corpos latinos: espaços biográficos que es/barram na/da fronteira epistêmica da exterioridade
Authors: Maura de Oliveira Noronha Marina 
Published: March 2021

Pensar em corpo, a partir de corpo epistêmico fronteiriço, justifica-se refletir acerca uma epistemologia outra descolonial, diferente dos discursos hegemônicos coloniais/modernos, os quais geram cultura e conhecimentos de suas diferenças coloniais. Assim, a proposta basilar deste trabalho, o qual dá-se atravessado pela crítica biográfica fronteiriça (NOLASCO, 2013), recai na importância de discutir a condição de “corpos” da fronteira-sul com suas práticas epistêmicas culturais, levando-se em conta, sobretudo, uma visada traçada pela Epistemologia do Sul (SANTOS, 2009), cujos saberes partem de um lócus geoistórico, no que se refere ao lócus de onde penso e erijo meu discurso crítico latino. Neste caso, o corpo epistêmico fronteiriço, tomado como uma opção descolonial, es/barra nos projetos e nas epistemologias coloniais/modernas arraigadas nos espaços fronteiriços. Para tanto, enuncio meu discurso teórico a pensar do corpo da exterioridade, demonstrando minha desobediência epistêmica de ser, pensar e re-existir com meu discurso cultural, social, político e teórico na/da fronteira de Mato Grosso do Sul. Acerca disso, por meio de histórias locais e não globais contempladas pela sapiência moderna objetiva-se, uma epistemologia outra da fronteira-sul que encampe as particularidades de sujeitos com seus fazeres/saberes específicos, assim como o meu/nossos “corpos” situados de onde se pensa,e que, por conseguinte, re-existem no âmbito da latinidade fronteiriça. Nesse ponto, trato com os teóricos/críticos, tais como: Gloria Anzaldúa (2007), Walter Mignolo (2017), Edgar Nolasco (2013), Bessa-Oliveira (2020), Ramón Grosfoguel (2009), Aníbal Quijano (2009), Zulma Palermo (2010) e outros que dialogam com a epistemologia contemplada.