bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theta Neurofeedback Training Supports Motor Performance and Flow Experience
Authors: Eschmann Kathrin C. J. , Riedel Lisa , Mecklinger Axel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFlow is defined as a cognitive state that is associated with a feeling of automatic and effortless control, enabling peak performance in highly challenging situations. In sports, flow can be enhanced by mindfulness training, which has been associated with frontal theta activity (4-8 Hz). Moreover, frontal-midline theta oscillations were shown to subserve control processes in a large variety of cognitive tasks. Based on previous theta neurofeedback training studies, which revealed that one training session is sufficient to enhance motor performance, the present study investigated whether one 30-minute session of frontal-midline theta neurofeedback training (1) enhances flow experience additionally to motor performance in a finger tapping task, and (2) transfers to cognitive control processes in ann-back task. Participants, who were able to successfully upregulate their theta activity during neurofeedback training (responders), showed better motor performance and flow experience after training than participants, who did not enhance their theta activity (non-responders). Across all participants, increase of theta activity during training was associated with motor performance enhancement from pretest to posttest irrespective of pre-training performance. Interestingly, theta training gains were also linked to the increase of flow experience, even when corresponding increases in motor performance were controlled for. Results for then-back task were not significant. Even though these findings are mainly correlational in nature and additional flow-promoting influences need to be investigated, the present findings suggest that frontal-midline theta neurofeedback training is a promising tool to support flow experience with additional relevance for performance enhancement.
Benign Tendon Sheath Chondroma
Authors: JONES W. A. , GHORBAL M. S. 
Published: December 2021

Soft tissue chondromas are uncommon tumours but when they do occur the hands and the feet are a common site (Lichtenstein, 1964; Dahlin, 1974; Chung, 1978). We have experience in the management of two cases each of whom had a chondromatous lesion in the index finger of the left hand which exhibited features that could have been considered sinister to those unfamiliar with this lesion and could lead to over treatment.
Complex Dislocation of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint of the Little Finger
Authors: ANDERSEN J. A. , GJERLØFF C. C. 
Published: December 2021

Complex dislocation of the little finger metacarpophalangeal joint is very rare. In the English literature, we have found only ten published cases. The condition usually requires open reduction, and most authors advocate a dorsal incision. We report two additional cases, treated by the volar approach, which makes a direct access to the incarcerated structures possible.
Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Scaphoid Fractures
Authors: SHENOUDA N. A. , ENGLAND J. P. S. 
Published: December 2021

A prospective study of the possibilty of confirming clinically suspected scaphoid fractures was carried out over one year. Analysis of the results suggest that ultrasound scanning of suspect scaphoid fractures is a reliable method of assessing this condition. It has one weakness in that the diagnosis is based on subjective sensation and this may at times be faulty. Our results, however, suggest that once practice in the technique has been achieved, then mistakes are rarely made.
Volar Intercalary Carpal Instability Following a Seemingly Innocent Wrist Fracture
Authors: BROWN. I. W. 
Published: December 2021

A case of volar of intercalary carpal instability following a radial fracture is described and the mechanics of injury examined. Such an injury is rare and the type of radial fracture which produced it unusual. Continued instability of the carpus produces late degenerative changes. In contrast to the many reports of early and persistent pain and functional limitation this patient’s wrist settled rapidly.
KienbÖck’s Disease — The Influence of Arthrosis on Ulnar Variance Measurements
Authors: KRISTENSEN S. S. , SØBALLE K. 
Published: December 2021

The individual difference in ulnar variance measurements between diseased and unaffected wrists in 38 patients with unilateral Kienböck’s disease was determined and related to the degree of arthrosis in the affected wrists. In patients without arthrosis there was no difference in measurements. With increasing arthrosis there was a progressive increase of patients with individual difference in ulnar variance measurements: up to 50% in those with severe arthrosis. Where a difference in ulnar variance was encountered, the wrist with Kienböck’s disease represented the more negative value in 90%. It is concluded that over-representation of the so-called “ulnar minus variant” in Kienböck’s disease is based on osteo-arthritic changes in the wrist, resulting in a pseudo-lengthening of the distal radius, and that this is therefore a consequence of the disease. The “ulnar minus variant” seems to have no bearing on the cause of Kienbüock’s disease.
Conservative Surgery for Dupuytren’s Contracture
Authors: THURSTON A. J. 
Published: December 2021

The trend towards conservativism in the management of Dupuytren’s contracture has resulted in less radical surgery than was previously advocated to release disabling contractures of the fingers. 38 cases of Dupuytren’s contracture in the palm have been treated by Z-plasty of skin and underlying contracted band without fasciectomy. Proximal interphalangeal joint contractures were treated by fasciectomy and skin closure with Z-plasties as required. Only one of 16 patients reviewed after two years had evidence of recurrence. Skin compliance has been measured and a return to near-normal levels was found in all but the one patient with a recurrence.
Clinical Fracture of the Carpal Scaphoid—Supportive Bandage or Plaster Cast Immobilization?
Authors: SJØLIN S. U. , ANDERSEN J. C. 
Published: December 2021

In a prospective study of 108 patients with a clinical diagnosis of fracture of the carpal scaphoid, but without radiological evidence of fracture, the patients were randomised to treatment with either a supportive bandage or a dorsal plaster cast. Four patients proved to have incomplete fractures and three to have avulsions from the scaphoid tuberosity. Two of the fractures had been suspected radiologically at the primary investigation. No complete fractures of the scaphoid were seen. The average time in plaster was 15 days and in a bandage 12.2 days. The average sick leave for manual workers was 14 days in plaster and 4 days in a bandage, a difference that represents a significant loss of productivity. Since these fractures almost always heal irrespective of treatment, they may as well be treated as a soft tissue injury with a supportive bandage.
Locked Metacarpo-Phalangeal Joint of the Thumb
Authors: INOUE G. , MIURA T. 
Published: December 2021

16 patients developed locking of the M.P. joint of the thumb as the result of a hyperextension injury. Four were successfully treated by manipulation under an intra-articular injection of a local anaesthetic, while the remaining twelve required open reduction. All were examined 4 to 48 months after treatment (average 12 months). The torn palmar plate and the accessory collateral ligament, which acted as a constrictive band, were trapped on the prominence of the radial condyle of the metacarpal. Four of the twelve surgically-treated patients had a deformity which we believe was congential: a transverse groove over the radial condyle of the metacarpal. No patients had a recurrence of the locked joint.
The Effect of Ultrasound on the Healing of Repaired Cockerel Tendon: Is Collagen Crosslinkage a Factor?
Authors: TURNER S. M. , POWELL E. S. , NG C. S. S. 
Published: December 2021

The acid solubility of the collagen of cockerel tendon demonstrates a similar degree of intermolecular acid-labile cross-linkage to that found in adult human tendon, implying similar maturity of the collagen. By contrast, rabbit tendon collagen demonstrates a dissimilar degree of cross-linkage suggesting immaturity of the collagen. Since this cross-linkage is likely to be related to mechanical properties, the cockerel may well be a better animal model than the rabbit for the study of tendon healing. The application of ultrasound to sutured cockerel tendons produced no change in the mechanical strength of the tendon at six weeks, or its propensity to form adhesions, relative to untreated control sutured tendons. This contrasts with the decrease in strength after ultrasound found by previous workers using rabbits.
Acute suppurative thyroiditis progressing to a thyroid abscess; a case report with review of literature
Authors: Baba Hiwa O. , Salih Abdulwahid M. , Hammood Zuhair D. , Rashid Rezheen J. , Abdullah Ismael Y. , kakamad Fahmi H. , Abdulla Berwn A. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Acute suppurative thyroiditis is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease. The aim of the current study is to report a rare case of acute suppurative thyroiditis progressing to a thyroid abscess.

Case report:
A 67-year-old female presented with a painful neck swelling for one week. On Ultrasound examination, right thyroid lobe was enlarged due to a complex thick-walled mass with echogenic shadow. It pushed the right common carotid artery laterally. Computed tomography showed a well-defined collection in the right thyroid lobe with an enhancing margin. The center of the lesion was necrotic and contained gas, diffuse edema around the right thyroid lobe was also evident. The patient underwent right thyroid lobectomy and the result of histopathology examination was thyroid abscess without malignancy.

Discussion:
The clinical spectrum of acute suppurative thyroiditis is broad, since asymptomatic cases have been documented. Fever and painful anterior neck mass are the two of the most common clinical manifestations. Other frequent manifestations include dysphagia, hoarseness of voice, and sore throat. The pain may radiate to the chest, mandible, or ears.

Conclusion:
Acute suppurative thyroiditis progressing to an abscess formation is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition if left untreated.

Highlights
Hand Injuries in the Textile Industry
Authors: MYLES S. M. , ROBERTS A. H. N. 
Published: December 2021

This paper is a review of the hand injuries occurring in the Yorkshire Wool Industry and referred to the Regional Plastic Surgery Unit for skin replacement, or other treatment, during the years 1965–1984. A total of forty-one cases has been seen, and although the number employed in the industry has fallen about fivefold, the injuries referred yearly have remained approximately constant. An analysis of the types of injury has been made and the improvement in the results is shown with changes in the method of acute treatment. The case for early referral, active initial treatment and early mobilisation is very obvious from the results.
The Use of a Computer in a Hand Clinic
Authors: RODGERS RICHARD , JONES DAVID , LEE RUTHIE 
Published: December 2021

We have developed a computerised system for the storage, retrieval and analysis of the workload of a hand clinic. In a study of 800 patients we have found it superior to a punched card system collecting similar information. The computer system functioned reliably and achieved its user specification. It should prove a useful tool in helping a surgeon in matters of audit, research and disease or accident prevention but its long term performance in this regard requires evaluation.
Clinical Assessment of Hand Strength Using a Microcomputer
Authors: JAIN A. S. , HENNEDY J. A. , CARUS D. A. 
Published: December 2021

A microcomputer based system has been designed for precise, objective quantification of hand strength. Pinch, grasp and shear strengths are measured using force transducers. The system, which is quick and easy to operate, not only measures these strengths accurately, but also collects, stores and displays this data numerically or in graphical form, at the touch of a button. The data can be manipulated to answer any type of statistical question related to any group of patients. The assessment of hand strength in ninety-six people, representing normal hand function, by means of this system, is reported.
Volar Intercalated Segment Instability as a Result of Spontaneous Rupture of The Supporting Ligaments of the Wrist Due to Longterm Systemic Steroid Medication.
Authors: BELL M. J. , McMURTRY R. Y. 
Published: December 2021

Linscheid and Dobyns (1972), in a classical article on post-traumatic instability of the wrist described two major types of instability, dorsal and volar. The dorsal intercalated segment instability (D.I.S.I.) was the more common and occurred with scapholunate dissociation and displaced scaphoid fractures. The instability occurred in these conditions as a result of the scaphoid losing its ability to support the carpus. They presented five cases of volar intercalated segment instability (V.I.S.I.) of which four were related to congenital ligament laxity and not to traumatic ligament disruption. In the one case of traumatic origin they felt that the capitolunate ligament was ruptured. However, more recent publications by Taleisnik, Prietto (1982) and Reagan, (1984) have proposed that for V.I.S.I. to occur the lunate triquetral interosseous ligament must be disrupted. We report this case as it demonstrates which ligamentous structures are torn for V.I.S.I. to occur. In addition, these ligament disruptions were pathological and occurred spontaneously as a result of longterm systemic steroid medication.
Cross Finger Flap. A New Technique
Authors: SUĆUR D. , RADIVOJEVIC M. 
Published: December 2021

Avulsion injuries of the thumb resulting in volar defects and loss of neurovascular bundles are presented. Treatment should aim at restoration of the skin and pulp with as near normal sensation as possible. A new technique is described using a cross-finger flap or flaps with transfer of the superficial terminal branch of the radial nerve. It is claimed that this gives near normal restoration of sensation to the tactile surface of the thumb. The fingers may be treated in the same way for similar injuries.
“Mbas Mi”: Fighting COVID-19 Through Music in Senegal
Authors: Ndiaye Bamba , Rowley Margaret 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the first two months of the COVID-19 pandemic, Senegalese musicians produced a large body of songs addressing the coronavirus. These songs engage with prophylaxes, symptoms, instructions in case of infection, and metaphysical conceptions about the origin and meaning of the pandemic. These songs are part of a national strategy aimed at containing and eradicating the coronavirus by developing “COVID-literacy”: knowledge about the pandemic which is spread through music. In this article, we examine a socio-local history of music’s use during health crises, its place in local religious communities, and how its use interlaces linguistic, traditional, and metaphysical tenets.
Effect on the reduction of bacterial load after surgical hand antisepsis with triclosan 0.5% compared to triclosan 0.5% followed by 70% alcoholic solution
Authors: Santé Luis , Gómez-Lus María Luisa , Martin-Villa Carlos , Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo Ricardo , Alou Luis , Sevillano David 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTriclosan 0.5% by scrubbing does not meet the UNE-EN12791 criteria to be used in the surgical hand preparation (SHP). Triclosan 0.5% by scrubbing followed by ethanol 70% hand rubbing is suitable without the additional characteristic of sustained effect. This limited effectiveness implies that triclosan should be avoided in SHP given the restrictions on its use in consumer antiseptic products. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04538365).
Mass loss of the Antarctic ice sheet until the year 3000 under a sustained late-21st-century climate
Authors: Chambers Christopher , Greve Ralf , Obase Takashi , Saito Fuyuki , Abe-Ouchi Ayako 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIce-sheet simulations of Antarctica extending to the year 3000 are analysed to investigate the long-term impacts of 21st-century warming. Climate projections are used as forcing until 2100 and afterwards no climate trend is applied. Fourteen experiments are for the ‘unabated warming’ pathway, and three are for the ‘reduced emissions’ pathway. For the unabated warming path simulations, West Antarctica suffers a much more severe ice loss than East Antarctica. In these cases, the mass loss amounts to an ensemble average of ~3.5 m sea-level equivalent (SLE) by the year 3000 and ~5.3 m for the most sensitive experiment. Four phases of mass loss occur during the collapse of the West Antarctic ice sheet. For the reduced emissions pathway, the mean mass loss is ~0.24 m SLE. By demonstrating that the consequences of the 21st century unabated warming path forcing are large and long term, the results present a different perspective to ISMIP6 (Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6). Extended ABUMIP (Antarctic BUttressing Model Intercomparison Project) simulations, assuming sudden and sustained ice-shelf collapse, with and without bedrock rebound, corroborate a negative feedback for ice loss found in previous studies, where bedrock rebound acts to slow the rate of ice loss.
A review of level ice and brash ice growth models
Authors: Zhaka Vasiola , Bridges Robert , Riska Kaj , Cwirzen Andrzej 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBrash ice forms in harbours and ship channels from frequent ship passages and the resulting freezing–breaking cycles create a unique ice formation. The brash ice accumulation over the winter season is a result of meteorological, thermodynamical and mechanical processes. A reliable brash ice growth model is an important asset when determining navigation routes through ice conditions and when establishing port ice management solutions. This review aims to describe the brash ice development and its modelling as well as the key parameters that influence the brash ice growth and its estimation. This paper summarises the brash ice growth models and the fundamental theories of level ice growth upon which these models are based, and outlines the main knowledge gaps. The results highlight the importance of porosity and piece size distribution and their effect on the consolidation process. The inclusion of the brash ice lateral movement and the side ridge formation would improve the accuracy of forecast models. Furthermore, the findings of the study identify the effect of omitting meteorological parameters such as snow and radiation, from the brash ice growth models. Their contribution to the level ice thickness suggests a significant influence on the brash ice consolidation process.
Diet Quality Index for older adults (DQI-65): development and use in predicting adherence to dietary recommendations and health markers in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey
Authors: Dorrington Nicole , Fallaize Rosalind , Hobbs Ditte , Weech Michelle , Lovegrove Julie Anne 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDiet quality indexes (DQI) are useful tools for assessing diet quality in relation to health and guiding delivery of personalised nutritional advice; however, existing DQI are limited in their applicability to older adults (aged ≥ 65 years). Therefore, this research aimed to develop a novel evidence-based DQI specific to older adults (DQI-65). Three DQI-65 variations were developed to assess the impacts of different component quantitation methods and inclusion of physical activity. These were Nutrient and Food-based DQI-65 (NFDQI-65), NFDQI-65 with Physical Activity (NFDQI-65+PA) and Food-based DQI-65 with Physical Activity (FDQI-65+PA). To assess their individual efficacy, the NFDQI-65, NFDQI-65+PA and FDQI-65+PA were explored alongside the validated Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) using data from the cross-sectional UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) rolling programme. Scores for DQI-65 variations, the HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 were calculated for adults ≥ 65 years from years 2–6 of the NDNS (n 871). Associations with nutrient intake, nutrient status and health markers were analysed using linear and logistic regression. Higher DQI-65 and HEI-2015 scores were associated with increased odds of meeting almost all our previously proposed age-specific nutritional recommendations, and with important health markers of importance for older adults, including lower BMI, lower medication use and lower C-reactive protein (P < 0·01). Few associations were observed for the AHEI-2010. This analysis suggests value of all three DQI-65 as measures of dietary quality in UK older adults. However, methodological limitations mean further investigations are required to assess validity and reliability of the DQI-65.
Influence of geographical latitude on vitamin D status: cross-sectional results from the BiomarCaRE consortium
Authors: Oskarsson Viktor , Eliasson Mats , Salomaa Veikko , Reinikainen Jaakko , Männistö Satu , Palmieri Luigi , Donfrancesco Chiara , Sans Susana , Costanzo Simona , de Gaetano Giovanni , Iacoviello Licia , Veronesi Giovanni , Ferrario Marco M. , Padro Teresa , Thorand Barbara , Huth Cornelia , Zeller Tanja , Blankenberg Stefan , Anderson Annie S. , Tunstall-Pedoe Hugh , Kuulasmaa Kari , Söderberg Stefan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEven though sunlight is viewed as the most important determinant of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status, several European studies have observed higher 25(OH)D concentrations among north-Europeans than south-Europeans. We studied the association between geographical latitude (derived from ecological data) and 25(OH)D status in six European countries using harmonised immunoassay data from 81 084 participants in the Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomarCaRE) project (male sex 48·9 %; median age 50·8 years; examination period 1984–2014). Quantile regression models, adjusted for age, sex, decade and calendar week of sampling and time from sampling to analysis, were used for between-country comparisons. Up until the median percentile, the ordering of countries by 25(OH)D status (from highest to lowest) was as follows: Sweden (at 65·6–63·8°N), Germany (at 48·4°N), Finland (at 65·0–60·2°N), Italy (at 45·6–41·5°N), Scotland (at 58·2–55·1°N) and Spain (at 41·5°N). From the 75th percentile and upwards, Finland had higher values than Germany. As an example, using the Swedish cohort as a comparator, the median 25(OH)D concentration was 3·03, 3·28, 5·41, 6·54 and 9·28 ng/ml lower in the German, Finnish, Italian, Scottish and Spanish cohort, respectively (P-value < 0·001 for all comparisons). The ordering of countries was highly consistent in subgroup analyses by sex, age, and decade and season of sampling. In conclusion, we confirmed the previous observation of a north-to-south gradient of 25(OH)D status in Europe, with higher percentile values among north-Europeans than south-Europeans.