bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arquitectura de Red Neuronal para el Desarrollo de Agentes Conversacionales destinados a la Atención al Cliente en las Redes Sociales
Authors: Ibáñez Leonardo Javier 
Published: January 2021

La atención al cliente es un tema importante para las empresas y cada vez los usuarios son más exigentes con el tiempo de respuesta, la cantidad de interacciones y la calidad de las respuestas. Para brindar dicho servicio, las empresas utilizan chatbots porque proporcionan atención las 24 horas y reducen los costos de facturación, pero carecen de flexibilidad para desarrollar diálogos reales porque enfrentan dificultades para comprender el estilo de escritura y vocabulario de los usuarios.
En este trabajo, se presenta una arquitectura híbrida combinando los modelos de conversación basados en recuperación y en generación para resolver dicha problemática y para demostrar la viabilidad del enfoque propuesto se comparó distintos algoritmos de aprendizaje profundo.
Machine Learning en la detección de fraudes de comercio electrónico aplicado a los servicios bancarios
Authors: Alvarez Fredi 
Published: January 2021

Uno de los principales riesgos a los que están sometidas las entidades financieras son los ataques de fraudes electrónicos. Billones de dólares en pérdidas son absorbidas cada año por las entidades financieras debido a transacciones fraudulentas.
Este artículo plantea un modelo que considera los principales retos en el diseño de un sistema de detección de fraudes : a) clases altamente desequilibradas, b) distribución de estacionaria de los datos y c) la incorporación en línea de la retroalimentación de los investigadores de fraude ante las transacciones etiquetadas como sospechosas. La implementación del modelo en un conjunto de datos de prueba permitió predecir exitosamente la mayoría de casos de transacciones fraudulentas con un mínimo porcentaje de falsos negativos.
The Effect of Local Microorganism (Mol) as Liquid Organic Fertilizer to the Growth of Ipomea reptans Poir
Authors: Yuliana Meta 
Published: January 2021

This research aim to determine the effect of Mol of Chinese cabbage and cabbage to the growth of Ipomoea reptans Poir. The methods used was Randomized Complete Design consist of 4 treatments and 6 repetitions; P0: 0% Mol, P1: 5% Mol, P2: 10% Mol, and P3 15% Mol. The Data were analyzed used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test for differences among treatments‘means. The observations on Mol consist of pH, number of bacteria and number of fungi and the growth of Ipomoea reptans Poir. The result showed that the treatment P3 15% Mol gives effect on number of leaves, dry weight, shoot dry weight dan soil pH, but there’s no significant effect on height plant, wet weight, root dry weight, ratio of shoot and root, also to number of bacteria, number of fungi and pH of Mol. However, Mol of Chinese cabbage dan cabbage can be a fertilizer to growth of Ipomoea reptans Poir.
Desenvolvimento de experimentos para o ensino de mecânica clássica
Authors: Engelhardt Juliana Layber Mota , Gonçalves Guzzo Lopes Ana Clara 
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho se trata de uma proposta de construção de experimentos de física para serem utilizados como ferramenta de ensino no curso técnico em mecânica concomitante da Unidade de Formação Cordeiro do Instituto Federal Fluminense (IFF), que pertence ao campus Santo Antônio de Pádua. O objetivo é demonstrar que as atividades práticas são de fundamental importância no processo de ensino aprendizagem, fazendo com que o aluno aprenda, compreenda e fortaleça todo conhecimento adquirido. O trabalho foi dividido em etapas, que compreendeu em: escolha dos experimentos, construção, aplicação em sala de aula e as ações extensionistas. Na confecção dos experimentos foram utilizados materiais de baixo custo e reutilizados, assegurando o aspecto sustentável do projeto. O público alvo do trabalho foram os alunos da rede pública estadual e municipal de Cordeiro que visitaram o IFF Cordeiro na 1ª Semana de Integração, em junho de 2019, além de profissionais da educação que participaram de atividades como oficinas e mesa redonda de divulgação do projeto. Durante os experimentos desenvolvidos os alunos demonstraram empolgação e interesse, ambos observados através do dinamismo da apresentação e entrosamento entre os discentes.
Experimental Analysis of Alkali-Brine-Alcohol Phase Behavior with High Acid Number Crude Oil
Authors: Magzymov D. , Clemens T. , Schumi B. , Johns R. T. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryA potential enhanced oil recovery technique is to inject alkali into a reservoir with a high-total acid number (TAN) crude to generate soap in situ and reduce interfacial tension (IFT) without the need to inject surfactant. The method may be cost-effective if the IFT can be lowered enough to cause significant mobilization of trapped oil while also avoiding formation of gels and viscous phases.This paper investigates the potential field application of injecting alkali to generate in-situ soap and favorable phase behavior for a high-TAN oil. Oil analyses show that the acids in the crude are a complex mixture of various polar acids and not mainly carboxylic acids. The results from phase behavior experiments do not undergo typical Winsor microemulsion behavior transition and subsequent ultralow IFTs below 1×10−3 mN/m that are conventionally observed. Instead, mixing of alkali and crude/brine generate water-in-oil macroemulsions that can be highly viscous. For a specific range of alkali concentrations, however, phases are not too viscous, and IFTs are reduced by several orders of magnitude. Incremental coreflood recoveries in this alkali range are excellent, even though not all trapped oil is mobilized.The viscous phase behavior at high alkali concentrations is explained by the formation of salt-crude complexes, created by acids from the crude oil under the alkali environment. These hydrophobic molecules tend to agglomerate at the oil-water interface. Together with polar components from the crude oil, they can organize into a highly viscous network and stabilize water droplets in the oleic phase. Oil-soluble alcohol was added to counter those two phenomena at large concentrations, but typical Winsor phase behavior was still not observed. A physicochemical model is proposed to explain the salt-crude complex formation at the oil-water interface that inhibits classical Winsor behavior.
Pressure-Based Diagnostics for Evaluating Treatment Confinement
Authors: Cramer David D. , Zhang Junjing 
Published: January 2021

SummaryIn multiple-stage hydraulic fracturing treatments performed in horizontal wells, treatment confinement is the state in which fracturing fluid and proppant flow out of the wellbore only through the specific perforations targeted for the fracturing stage. The terms treatment confinement and treatment isolation are synonymous. Isolation from previously treated intervals is a necessary condition for efficient treatment along the lateral. Failure to confine fracturing stages can be a result of failure of the fracture plug to maintain a seal or the development of casing breaches (holes) in the proximity of the fracture plug. Both conditions can be strongly impacted by proppant induced erosion.This paper is a sequel to a previous publication in which casing erosion and breaches were investigated in fracture treated horizontal wells in the Montney Formation (White et al. 2020). Integrated diagnostic methods based on data from treating pressure analysis, fiber-optic measurements, and downhole imaging were applied to investigate the root cause of failure. It was determined that treatment pressure analysis was effective in diagnosing casing and associated fracture plug integrity-loss events. This was achieved by (1) identifying treating pressure trends and anomalies during the main part of the treatment that signify confinement loss, (2) calculating near-wellbore friction at the end of treatments to compare to the friction expected for a confined treatment, and (3) analyzing step-down tests conducted during the pad stage and overflush stage at the end of the treatment to determine the near-wellbore frictional components of perforation friction and near-wellbore tortuosity. This information enables comparison of previous with current treatments for determining the effects of job design and fracture plug modifications on treatment confinement.The objective of this paper is to validate that useful conclusions on the degree of treatment confinement can be made using only stand-alone pressure-based analysis. This is achieved by comparing the analysis results with fiber-optic and post-treatment wellbore imaging measurements. Also highlighted is the use of downhole gauges for accurately calculating pipe friction, which is necessary for accurately calculating bottomhole treating pressure at the active treatment interval.
A New Wax Removal Empirical Model of Fully Coated Foam Pig
Authors: Gao Xuedong , Huang Qiyu , Zhang Xun , Zhu Xiangrui , Zhang Yu 
Published: January 2021

Summary
Wax deposition is one of the most significant challenges for flow assurance. In a conventional pigging operation, a fully coated foam pig is regularly used to mitigate wax deposition. This work attempts to assess, qualitatively and quantitively, the wax removal process of the fully coated foam pig. The experimental results confirm that the wax removal process of the fully coated foam pig includes four phases; namely, the buildup phase, preplug phase, plug phase, and production phase. Moreover, the effects of coating hardness, wax layer thickness, and the shear strength of wax sample on the wax breaking force and the wax removal efficiency are investigated experimentally. It is found that the wax breaking force decreases and the wax removal efficiency increases when the coating hardness is increased. On the basis of the analysis of the experimental results and Buckingham's π theorem, a semitheoretical model is developed to predict the wax removal efficiency of the fully coated foam pig. Furthermore, a force analysis model is used to calculate the wax breaking force by taking the wax removal efficiency model into account. The average relative errors between the calculated and measured results for the wax removal efficiency and the wax breaking force of the fully coated foam pig with 65 Shore A hardness (HA) coating are 24.13 and 31.88%, respectively. Analogous wax removal models for foam pigs of different types can be developed with the research method proposed in this work. Therefore, this research method provides a general strategy for wax removal research in crude oil pigging.
Supplementary materials are available in support of this paper and have been published online under Supplementary Data at https://doi.org/10.2118/205011-PA. SPE is not responsible for the content or functionality of supplementary materials supplied by the authors.
OSCE Rater Cognition – An International Multi-centre Qualitative Study.
Authors: Hyde Sarah , Fessey Christine , Boursicot Katherine , McKenzie Rhoda , McGrath Deirdre 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to explore the decision-making processes of raters during objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs), in particular to explore the tacit assumptions and beliefs of raters as well as rater idiosyncrasies.MethodsThinking aloud protocol interviews were used to gather data on the thoughts of examiners during their decision-making, while watching trigger OSCE videos and rating candidates. A purposeful recruiting strategy was taken, with a view to interviewing both examiners with many years of experience and those with less experience examining at final medical examination level.ResultsThirty-one interviews were conducted in three centres in three different countries. Three themes were identified during data analysis, entitled ‘OSCEs are inauthentic’, ‘looking for glimpses of truth’ and ‘evolution with experience’. ConclusionThis study gives an insight into how raters approach OSCEs, and how the perceived shortcomings of OSCEs affect how examiners consider candidate behaviours. Some examiners, more likely the more experienced group, may deviate from an organisation’s instructions due to perceived shortcomings of the assessment.
Dynamic Evaluation and Convergence Analysis of the Efficiency of Rural Medical Health Centers in China
Authors: Ye Yun , Evans Richard , Li Shaoqiong , Lu Wei , Shang Xudong , Jing Li 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Rural medical health centers (RMHCs) are the foundation of the three-level primary medical and health service system in China. The efficiency of RMHCs is related to the rationality of the health care resource allocation for China’s 560 million rural population. Methods: This study analyzed the dynamic changes in the efficiency of RMHCs and its convergence using the non-guided SBM–DEA window model and convergence model, in Shanxi Province, China. Results: The results showed that the medical service efficiency is low. The average scores of the comprehensive technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency of the RMHCs in China from 2016 to 2018 were only 0.1541 and 0.1670, respectively, with nearly 63% of the values being lower than their average scores. The comprehensive technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency of the RMHCs in 2016–2018 exhibited a downtrend year on year. The convergence analysis results also showed that the current rural health clinic medical service efficiency had absolute convergence and conditional convergence. If appropriate policies are followed, the medical service efficiency of the RMHCs can be improved to reach its steady-state level.Conclusions: The medical service efficiency of RMHCs remains low and may gradually decline. The government should promote the efficiency of medical service in RMHCs to reach their own optimal level by formulating corresponding medical and health resource allocation policies.
Predictors of Preventive Behavior of Nosocomial Infections in Nursing Staff: A Structural Equation Model Based on the Social Cognitive Theory
Authors: Mahdizadeh Seyed-Mousa , Sany Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly , Sarpooshi Davood Robat , Jafari Alireza , Mahdizadeh Mehrsadat 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite improving the quality of health services and developing methods of infection prevention and control, the occurrence of nosocomial infections remains a health threat to patients and hospital staff. This study applied Social-Cognitive Theory for predicting determinants of Nosocomial Infections Control Behaviors in hospital nursing Staff.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 280 nurses and assistant nurses were selected by random sampling from intensive care wards including CCU, ICU, NICU, dialysis of educational hospitals in Mashhad, Iran in 2020. Data were collected using a 5-point Likert scale structural questionnaire based on social cognitive theory constructs and analyzed via AMOS 23.0 using Structural Equation modeling approach.Results: The results of the structural equation model showed that the constructs of barriers, perceived environment, outcome expectations, task self-efficacy, social support, and modeling were able to predict 70% of the variance of self-regulation construct. Also, the constructs of this social-cognitive model were eventually able to predict 15% of the variance of behavior construct. Self-regulation, outcome expectations, and barrier constructs had a direct effect on behavior and the highest effect was related to self-regulation structure (p<0.001). The constructs of social support, modeling, perceived environment and Task self-efficacy had an indirect effect on behavior and the most impact was related to the constructs of perceived environment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Considering that self-regulation, outcome expectation and barriers have a significant effect on following the preventive behaviors of nosocomial infections in nursing staff. It is suggested that policymakers and planners try to reduce barriers, strengthen behavioral motivation, and empower nursing staff by teaching self-regulatory strategies.
Identifying individuals with high risk of Alzheimer’s disease using polygenic risk scores is most accurate when using all genetic information.
Authors: Leonenko Ganna , Baker Emily , Stevenson-Hoare Josua , Sierksma Annerieke , Fiers Mark , Williams Julie , De Strooper Bart , Escott-Price Valentina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
There is little agreement regarding the approach and optimal p-value threshold of SNPs to calculate genetic risk scores for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This reflects a fundamental underlying debate on the polygenic versus oligogenic disease architecture. We re-investigated the assumptions underlying the choice of specific p-value thresholds defining genetic loci used to determine polygenic risk scores (PRS). We find the optimal p-value threshold for SNP selection is 0.1, which supports the polygenic architecture of AD. We found that previous studies supporting an oligogenic model of AD did not take account of the reduction of APOE-ε4 allele frequency in older individuals, which skewed the results towards lower p-value thresholds and eclipsed the contribution of genes associated to AD with higher p-values. The polygenic approach to AD is also effective to identify individuals at high or low AD risk, when only APOE-ε3 homozygous individuals are considered. We also introduce the standardisation of PRS against a population data which ensures comparability of the PRS between studies. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that AD is fundamentally a polygenic disease and that stratifying populations for AD risk best takes the full PRS score into account.
Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia in Ethiopia: A Comparative Study
Authors: Challa Feyissa , Seifu Daniel , Seleshi Meron , Getahun Tigist , Kassa Desta , Alemayehu Melkam , Mesfin Miraf , Woldeamanuel Yimtubezinash , Fekadu Abebaw , Geto Zeleke 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence indicates that schizophrenia is accompanied by an activation of the immune system; however, there is limited data from low and middle-income countries. Inflammatory markers could even be more important in these settings where infectious conditions may play a more prominent role in the causation and maintenance of schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to assess the level of inflammatory markers--High sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6)--in patients with schizophrenia. Materials and methods: The study population consisted of a total of 132 study participants; 82 with schizophrenia and 50 controls. hsCRP and IL-6 were measured using Cobas Intgera 400 Plus and Cobas e 411 analysers respectively. Results: The levels of hsCRP and IL-6 were significantly increased among patients with schizophrenia compared to controls. Controlling for potential confounders (age, sex and body mass index), having a diagnosis of schizophrenia remained significantly associated with increased hsCRP (beta =0.29; 95% CI=0.10, 0.49) and IL-6 (beta=3.60; 95% CI: 1.35, 5.86). Conclusion: The finding is consistent with reports from high income countries and confirms that inflammatory processes may have a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia regardless of setting. Despite failure of some interventions with anti-inflammatory properties, interventions to reduce inflammation are still worth pursuing.
Recommendation Algorithm Based on Knowledge Graph to Propagate User Preference
Authors: Yang Zhisheng , Cheng Jinyong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In recommendation algorithms, data sparsity and cold start problems are always inevitable. In order to solve such problems, researchers apply auxiliary information to recommendation algorithms to mine and obtain more potential information through users' historical records and then improve recommendation performance. This paper proposes a model ST_RippleNet, which combines knowledge graph with deep learning. In this model, users' potential interests are mined in the knowledge graph to stimulate the propagation of users' preferences on the set of knowledge entities. In the propagation of preferences, we adopt a triple-based multi-layer attention mechanism, and the distribution of users' preferences for candidate items formed by users' historical click information is used to predict the final click probability. In ST_RippleNet model, music data set is added to the original movie and book data set, and the improved loss function is applied to the model, which is optimized by RMSProp optimizer. Finally, tanh function is added to predict click probability to improve recommendation performance. Compared with the current mainstream recommendation methods, ST_RippleNet recommendation algorithm has very good performance in AUC and ACC, and has substantial improvement in movie, book and music recommendation.
Correction of a CFTR/G542X Mutation Using CRISPR/Cas9 Editing in Ovine-bovine Interspecies Embryos
Authors: Fan Zhiqiang , Liu Ying , Perisse Iuri , Harris Ann , White Kenneth , Polejaeva Irina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a human genetic disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Correction of CFTR mutations at embryo stage could be a permanent solution to cure this disease. To assess the efficiency of CFTR/G542X mutation correction in vitro by CRISPR/Cas9, we utilized embryos generated by ovine-bovine interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) due to a limited access to sheep oocytes. First, we evaluated the developmental capacity of reconstructed iSCNT embryos. These embryos were able to develop to 16-cell stage, allowing for individual embryo genotyping. Then, we optimized the concentrations of Cas9:gRNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) for 1-cell stage embryo injection. Genotyping results showed that we achieved high efficiencies (88.9–100%) of indel mutations at the target locus after injection of different concentrations of RNP. When an RNP (0.09 µg/µl:2.3 µM) was co-injected with a ssODN (18 µM), the G542X mutation was corrected via the homology-directed repair in 11.1% (1/9) of iSCNT embryos. Taken together, we developed an effective strategy to correct the CFTR/G542X mutation in ovine-bovine iSCNT embryos by CRISRP/Cas9. Our strategy overcomes the limitation of oocyte source and provides the opportunity of mimicking the editing of any other genes in one-cell embryos of different species.