bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altitudinal gradient affect abundance, diversity and metabolic footprint of soil nematodes in Banihal-Pass of Pir-Panjal mountain range
Authors: Afzal Shahid , Nesar Humira , Imran Zarrin , Ahmad Wasim 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDespite enormous diversity, abundance and their role in ecosystem processes, little is known about how community structures of soil-inhabiting nematodes differ across elevation gradient. For this, soil nematode communities were investigated along an elevation gradient of 1000–2500 masl across a temperate vegetation in Banihal-Pass of Pir-Panjal mountain range. We aimed to determine how the elevation gradient affect the nematode community structure, diversity and contribution to belowground carbon assimilation in the form of metabolic footprint. Our results showed that total nematode abundance and the abundance of different trophic groups (fungivores, herbivores and omnivores) declined with the increase of elevation. Shannon index, generic richness and evenness index indicated that nematode communities were more diverse at lower elevations and declined significantly with increase in elevation. Nematode community showed a pattern of decline in overall metabolic footprint with the increase of elevation. Nematode abundance and diversity proved to be more sensitive to elevation induced changes as more abundant and diverse nematode assemblage are supported at lower elevations. Overall it appears nematode abundance, diversity and contribution to belowground carbon cycling is stronger at lower elevations and gradually keep declining towards higher elevations under temperate vegetation cover in Banihal-pass of Pir-Panjal mountain range.
Talaromyces marneffei and nontuberculous mycobacteria co-infection in HIV-negative patients
Authors: Qiu Ye , Huang Jie , Li Yu , Zeng Wen , Pan Mianluan , Cen Jiemei , Zhang Hui , Sun Xuejiao , Qu Dongming , Zhang Jianquan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo describe the clinical features and the risk factors for nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and Talaromyces marneffei (TM) co-infections in HIV-negative patients. A multicenter retrospective study in 13 hospitals, and a systematic literature review were performed of original articles published in English related to TM/NTM co-infections. HIV-negative patients with TM and NTM co-infections comprised Group 1; TM-only infection Group 2; NTM-only infection Group 3; and healthy volunteers Group 4. Univariate logistic analysis was used to estimate the potential risk factors of TM/NTM co-infections. A total of 22 cases of TM and NTM co-infections were enrolled. Of these, 17 patients (77.3%) had a missed diagnosis of one of the TM or NTM pathogens. The anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (AIGAs) titer, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil counts (N), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), globulin, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels of Group 1 were higher than those of the other groups, whereas the levels of CD4+T cells was lower than those of other groups. There was a significant negative correlation between the AIGA titers and the number of CD4+T cells (P < 0.05). Factors including the ratio of the actual values to the cut-off values of AIGAs, WBC, N, HGB, CD4+T cells, IgG, IgM, IgA, serum globulin, ESR, and CRP were taken as potential risk factors for TM and NTM co-infection. Most patients with TM and NTM co-infection had a missed diagnosis of one of the TM or NTM pathogens. The levels of AIGAs, WBC, N, ESR, and CRP in TM and NTM co-infections were remarkably higher than in mono-infection. High-titer AIGAs may be a potential risk factor and susceptibility factor for co-infection of TM and NTM in HIV-negative hosts.
Dietary cardoon meal modulates rumen biohydrogenation and bacterial community in lambs
Authors: Salami Saheed A. , Valenti Bernardo , Luciano Giuseppe , Lanza Massimiliano , Umezurike-Amahah Ngozi M. , Kerry Joseph P. , O’Grady Michael N. , Newbold Charles J. , Priolo Alessandro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCardoon meal is a by-product of oil extraction from the seeds of Cynara cardunculus and can serve as a novel alternative feedstuff for ruminants. This study examined the rumen fermentation, biohydrogenation of fatty acids (FA) and microbial community in lambs fed a concentrate diet containing 15% dehydrated lucerne (CON, n = 8) or cardoon meal (CMD, n = 7) for 75 days pre-slaughter. Diets did not influence rumen fermentation characteristics and the abundance of bacteria, methanogens, fungi, or protozoa. Rumen digesta in CMD-fed lambs displayed a higher concentration of total saturated FA and lower total odd- and branched-chain FA and monounsaturated FA. Feeding CMD decreased total trans-18:1 isomer and the ratio of trans-10 to trans-11 C18:1, known as the “trans-10 shift”. Amplicon sequencing indicated that the rumen bacterial community in CMD-fed lambs had lower diversity and a higher relative phyla abundance of Proteobacteria at the expense of Bacteroidetes and Fibrobacteres. At the genus level, CMD mediated specific shifts from Prevotella, Alloprevotella, Solobacterium and Fibrobacter to Ruminobacter, suggesting that these genera may play important roles in biohydrogenation. Overall, these results demonstrate that cardoon meal can be used as a feedstuff for ruminants without negatively affecting rumen fermentation and microbiota but its impact on biohydrogenation may influence the FA composition in meat or milk.
Urine peptidome analysis in cardiorenal syndrome reflects molecular processes
Authors: Petra Eleni , He Tianlin , Lygirou Vasiliki , Latosinska Agnieszka , Mischak Harald , Vlahou Antonia , Jankowski Joachim 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is defined as the confluence of heart-kidney dysfunction. This study investigates the molecular differences at the level of the urinary peptidome between CRS patients and controls and their association to disease pathophysiology. The urinary peptidome of CRS patients (n = 353) was matched for age and sex with controls (n = 356) at a 1:1 ratio. Changes in the CRS peptidome versus controls were identified after applying the Mann–Whitney test, followed by correction for multiple testing. Proteasix tool was applied to investigate predicted proteases involved in CRS-associated peptide generation. Overall, 559 differentially excreted urinary peptides were associated with CRS patients. Of these, 193 peptides were specifically found in CRS when comparing with heart failure and chronic kidney disease urinary peptide profiles. Proteasix predicted 18 proteases involved in > 1% of proteolytic cleavage events including multiple forms of MMPs, proprotein convertases, cathepsins and kallikrein 4. Forty-four percent of the cleavage events were produced by 3 proteases including MMP13, MMP9 and MMP2. Pathway enrichment analysis supported that ECM-related pathways, fibrosis and inflammation were represented. Collectively, our study describes the changes in urinary peptides of CRS patients and potential proteases involved in their generation, laying the basis for further validation.
Generation of Talbot-like fields
Authors: Anaya-Contreras Jorge A. , Zúñiga-Segundo Arturo , Sánchez-de-la-Llave David , Moya-Cessa Héctor M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe present an integral of diffraction based on particular eigenfunctions of the Laplacian in two dimensions. We show how to propagate some fields, in particular a Bessel field, a superposition of Airy beams, both over the square root of the radial coordinate, and show how to construct a field that reproduces itself periodically in propagation, i.e., a field that renders the Talbot effect. Additionally, it is shown that the superposition of Airy beams produces self-focusing.
Geographic source estimation using airborne plant environmental DNA in dust
Authors: Lennartz Chelsea , Kurucar Joel , Coppola Stephen , Crager Janice , Bobrow Johanna , Bortolin Laura , Comolli James 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInformation obtained from the analysis of dust, particularly biological particles such as pollen, plant parts, and fungal spores, has great utility in forensic geolocation. As an alternative to manual microscopic analysis of dust components, we developed a pipeline that utilizes the airborne plant environmental DNA (eDNA) in settled dust to estimate geographic origin. Metabarcoding of settled airborne eDNA was used to identify plant species whose geographic distributions were then derived from occurrence records in the USGS Biodiversity in Service of Our Nation (BISON) database. The distributions for all plant species identified in a sample were used to generate a probabilistic estimate of the sample source. With settled dust collected at four U.S. sites over a 15-month period, we demonstrated positive regional geolocation (within 600 km2 of the collection point) with 47.6% (20 of 42) of the samples analyzed. Attribution accuracy and resolution was dependent on the number of plant species identified in a dust sample, which was greatly affected by the season of collection. In dust samples that yielded a minimum of 20 identified plant species, positive regional attribution was achieved with 66.7% (16 of 24 samples). For broader demonstration, citizen-collected dust samples collected from 31 diverse U.S. sites were analyzed, and trace plant eDNA provided relevant regional attribution information on provenance in 32.2% of samples. This showed that analysis of airborne plant eDNA in settled dust can provide an accurate estimate regional provenance within the U.S., and relevant forensic information, for a substantial fraction of samples analyzed.
Blending oxytocin and dopamine with everyday creativity
Authors: Chong Anne , Tolomeo Serenella , Xiong Yue , Angeles Dario , Cheung Mike , Becker Benjamin , Lai Poh San , Lei Zhen , Malavasi Fabio , Tang Qianzi , Chew Soo Hong , Ebstein Richard P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractConverging evidence suggests that oxytocin (OT) is associated with creative thinking (CT) and that release of OT depends on ADP ribosyl-cyclases (CD38andCD157). Neural mechanisms of CT and OT show a strong association with dopaminergic (DA) pathways, yet the link between CT andCD38,CD157, dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) peripheral gene expression remain inconclusive, thus limiting our understanding of the neurobiology of CT. To address this issue, two principal domains of CT, divergent thinking (AUT), were assessed. In men, both AUT is associated with gene expression ofCD38,CD157, and their interactionCD38 × CD157. There were no significant associations for DA expression (DRD2,COMT,DRD2 × COMT) on both CT measures. However, analysis of the interactions of OT and DA systems reveal significant interactions for AUT in men. The full model explained a sizable 39% of the variance in females for the total CT score. The current findings suggest that OT and DA gene expression contributed significantly to cognition and CT phenotype. This provides the first empirical foundation of a more refined understanding of the molecular landscape of CT.
Tsunami generation potential of a strike-slip fault tip in the westernmost Mediterranean
Authors: Estrada F. , González-Vida J. M. , Peláez J. A. , Galindo-Zaldívar J. , Ortega S. , Macías J. , Vázquez J. T. , Ercilla G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTsunamis are triggered by sudden seafloor displacements, and usually originate from seismic activity at faults. Nevertheless, strike-slip faults are usually disregarded as major triggers, as they are thought to be capable of generating only moderate seafloor deformation; accordingly, the tsunamigenic potential of the vertical throw at the tips of strike-slip faults is not thought to be significant. We found the active dextral NW–SE Averroes Fault in the central Alboran Sea (westernmost Mediterranean) has a historical vertical throw of up to 5.4 m at its northwestern tip corresponding to an earthquake of Mw 7.0. We modelled the tsunamigenic potential of this seafloor deformation by Tsunami-HySEA software using the Coulomb 3.3 code. Waves propagating on two main branches reach highly populated sectors of the Iberian coast with maximum arrival heights of 6 m within 21 and 35 min, which is too quick for current early-warning systems to operate successfully. These findings suggest that the tsunamigenic potential of strike-slip faults is more important than previously thought, and should be taken into account for the re-evaluation of tsunami early-warning systems.
Glioblastoma invasion factor ODZ1 is induced by microenvironmental signals through activation of a Stat3-dependent transcriptional pathway
Authors: Vidal Veronica , Gutierrez Olga , Talamillo Ana , Velasquez Carlos , Fernandez-Luna Jose L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe have previously shown that the transmembrane protein ODZ1 serves for glioblastoma (GBM) cells to invade the surrounding tissue through activation of RhoA/ROCK pathway. However, the transcriptional machinery used by GBM cells to regulate the expression of ODZ1 is unknown. Here we show that interaction with tumor microenvironment elements, mainly activated monocytes through IL-6 secretion, and the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin, induces the Stat3 transcriptional pathway and upregulates ODZ1 which results in GBM cell migration. This signaling route is abrogated by blocking the IL-6 receptor, inhibiting Jak kinases or knocking down Stat3. Furthermore, we have identified a Stat3 responsive element in the ODZ1 gene promoter, about 1 kb from the transcription start site. Luciferase-reporter assays confirmed that the promoter responds to the presence of monocytic cells and this activation is greatly reduced when the Stat3 site is mutated or following treatment with a neutralizing anti-IL-6 receptor antibody or transfecting GBM cells with a dominant negative variant of Stat3. Overall, we show that monocyte-secreted IL-6 and the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin activate the axis Stat3-ODZ1 and promote migration of GBM cells. This is the first described transcriptional mechanism used by tumor cells to promote the expression of the invasion factor ODZ1.
Discrimination methods for diesel origin by analyzing fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition in diesel-contaminated soil
Authors: Ko Myoung-Soo , Lee Seunghak 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe biodiesel containing fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) are blended with refined diesel products. Here, we evaluate relative FAME composition ratio as a potential index to discriminate the pollution origin in diesel-contaminated soil. Artificially contaminated soil was prepared to mimic the release of petroleum products using four different refined diesels; in addition, the contaminated soil was put under natural weathering conditions. The variations in the relative FAME composition ratio was compared with those of the corresponding diesel origin using principal component analysis (PCA) for 60 days. All soil samples could be classified into four groups according to diesel origin using two principal components. The proposed method can be used to discriminate the specific diesel pollution origin in contaminated soils.
Bovine endometrium-derived cultured cells are suitable for lipofection
Authors: Shiokawa Mai , Miura Ryotaro , Okubo Aki , Hagita Yujiro , Yoshimura Itaru , Aoki Hiroshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBovine-derived cultured cells, including Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells, are used worldwide; however, lipofection tend to result in low transfection efficiency, which has impeded the progress of veterinary research. We performed experiments to confirm the lipofection efficiency of bovine-derived cultured cells, to identify cells that suitable for lipofection. Several bovine tissues (endometrium, testis, ear tissue and foetal muscle) were collected, and primary cultured cells were prepared. Lipofection assay showed that only bovine endometrium (BE)-derived cells could be transfected efficiently (50‒70%). BE cells can be divided into at least two types of cell populations (BE-1 and BE-2). The BE-1 cells, which were suitable for lipofection, were obtained by passages at short intervals and were negative for cytokeratin- and positive for vimentin-expression; the BE-2 cells did not have these characteristics and were not suitable for lipofection. Furthermore, the BE-1 cells and artificially immortalised cells of BE-1, iBE-1 cells, were utilised in a reporter assay requiring the introduction of multiple DNAs. Endometrial tissues can be collected from living cows, and BE-1 cells can be obtained easily by controlling passaging timing. The production of BE-1 cells and sharing the methods required to prepare them will contribute to the development of veterinary research.
Construction and analysis of the abnormal lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Liu Jie , Deng Yishu , Fan Zeqin , Xu Shuanglan , Wei Li , Huang Xiaoxian , Xing Xiqian , Yang Jiao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The incidence of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is increasing. Accumulating evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in HPH, but the functions and mechanism have yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we established a HPH rat model with 8 h of hypoxia exposure (10% O2) per day for 21 days. High-throughput sequencing identified 60 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, 20 DE miRNAs and 695 DE mRNAs in rat lung tissue. qRT-PCR verified the accuracy of the results. The DE mRNAs were significantly enriched in immune response, inflammatory response, leukocyte migration, cell cycle, cellular response to interleukin-1, IL-17 signalling pathway, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction and Toll-like receptor signalling pathway. According to the theory of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network was constructed by Cytoscape software, 16 miRNAs and 144 mRNAs. The results suggested that seven DE lncRNAs (Ly6l, AABR07038849.2, AABR07069008.2, AABR07064873.1, AABR07001382.1, AABR07068161.1 and AABR07060341.2) may serve as molecular sponges of the corresponding miRNAs and play a major role in HPH.
A less‐conservative stability criterion for networked control systems with time‐varying packet delays
Authors: Steinberger Martin , Horn Martin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA networked output feedback loop subject to packetized transmissions of the output signal is considered. Based on the small gain theorem, an easy‐to‐use stability criterion covering two important cases is presented. In the first case a packet numbering mechanism is employed whereas in the second case neither packet numbering nor synchronization between sender and receiver is assumed. The analysis makes use of acausal subsystems and deduces the optimal constant time delay with respect to the minimization of the ℓ2 gain due to uncertain packet delays. This additional delay is then used in a nominal controller design such that additional admissible packet delay variations introduced by the network are maximized. A simulation example of a networked control system with a filtered Smith predictor illustrates the application of the proposed criterion. It is shown that the proposed novel technique is less‐conservative than existing stability criteria based on the small gain theorem.
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Women Following Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy – a Prospective, Randomised, Controlled Interventional Study
Authors: Riemer Marcus , Schulze Stephan , Wagner Lisa , Richter Manon , Ayerle Gertrud , Simm Andreas , Seeger Sven , Schwesig René , Tchirikov Michael , Seliger Gregor 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background Women have a markedly increased lifetime risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality following hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Arterial stiffness is regarded as a target parameter for reducing cardiovascular risk and can be modified by lifestyle changes.
Methods In a prospective, randomised, controlled interventional study, starting 6 weeks postpartum, the effect of nutritional intervention combined with an intensive 6-month cardiovascular exercise programme on arterial stiffness was investigated by means of pulse wave velocity (PWV) in 38 women with severe hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (preeclampsia with or without pre-existing hypertension and/or HELLP syndrome). A reference group was formed with postpartum women without pregnancy complications or known cardiovascular risk and the arterial stiffness was studied by means of PWV at the time of delivery. The PWV was measured in the intervention and control groups within a week after delivery and after 32 weeks (6 weeks + 6 months). A feasibility analysis was performed in addition.
Results 29 of 38 women with severe hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and 38 postpartum women in the reference group were included in the analysis (intervention group n = 14; control group n = 15; reference group n = 38). Adherence to a) the nutritional counselling and b) the intensive cardiovascular exercise programme was 73% and 79% respectively. A clinically significant difference (d = 0.65) in pulse wave velocity between the intervention and control groups was found after 6 months (6.36 ± 0.76 vs. 7.33 ± 2.25 m/s; group × time: p = 0.632). The PWV of the intervention group corresponded to that of the reference group at the end of the study (6.36 ± 0.76 m/s vs. 6.5 ± 0.70; d = 0.19), while the results in the control group differed markedly from this (7.33 ± 2.25 m/s; d = 0.56).
Conclusion The study documents the feasibility of lifestyle intervention with physical exercise after delivery (starting 6 weeks postpartum). The intervention showed a significant clinical effect by reducing arterial stiffness to the level of the reference group. Before this intervention can be included in the standard of care and prevention, follow-up studies must confirm these results and the medium-term effects on cardiovascular risk.
Beatmungspatienten zwischen Akutversorgung und außerstationärer Langzeitbeatmung
Authors: Skazel T. , Kippnich M. , Klingshirn H. , Gerken L. , Heuschmann P. , Haas K. , Schutzmeier M. , Brandstetter L. , Ahnert J. , Koch J. , Seese B. , Meybohm P. , Reuschenbach B. , Wurmb T. 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung Die Anzahl der invasiven und nicht-invasiven außerklinischen Langzeitbeatmungen steigt seit Jahren stark an. Gleichzeitig gibt es nur wenige Informationen über die Versorgungsqualität von außerstationär beatmeten Patienten. Die vorliegende Untersuchung erfolgte im Rahmen der OVER-BEAS-Studie. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die Versorgungssituation von Weaning-Patienten von der Aufnahme bis zur Entlassung aus dem Weaning-Zentrum anhand der vorhandenen Routinedokumentation abzubilden.
Material und Methoden In unsere retrospektive Analyse schlossen wir alle Patienten ein, die 2018 über die Weaning-Station des Thoraxzentrums Münnerstadt aufgenommen wurden. Es erfolgte die deskriptive Auswertung der im Rahmen des Qualitätsmanagements erhobenen Routinedaten. Datenquellen waren die WeanNet-Datenbank, der Entlassbrief des Weaning-Zentrums sowie der Verlegungsbericht der zuverlegenden Klinik.
Ergebnisse Im untersuchten Weaningz-Zentrum konnten 50,8 % der Patienten (n = 31) vollständig vom Respirator entwöhnt und extubiert bzw. dekanüliert werden (Kategorie 3aI). Gelang keine vollständige Entwöhnung, so war im weiteren Verlauf bei 75,0 % (n = 21) die ständige Anwesenheit von speziell geschultem Personal oder einer Fachpflegekraft erforderlich. Hier erfolgte die Weiterversorgung meist in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen (z. B. Beatmungs-WG).
Schlussfolgerung Anhand der Routinedokumentation lässt sich die Versorgungssituation von Weaning-Patienten darstellen und mit bekannten Daten vergleichen. So kann die Ergebnisqualität eines Weaning-Zentrums vergleichbar gemacht werden.