bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of depressed mood and coping motives on cannabis use quantity across the menstrual cycle in those with and without pre‐menstrual dysphoric disorder
Authors: Joyce Kayla M. , Thompson Kara , Good Kimberley P. , Tibbo Philip G. , O'Leary M. Elizabeth , Perrot Tara S. , Hudson Amanda , Stewart Sherry H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsReported rates of cannabis use among Canadian females are increasing. Female cannabis users progress to cannabis use disorder more rapidly than males (telescoping) and have higher rates of emotional disorder comorbidity. Addictive behaviors may change, along with mood and motivations, across the menstrual cycle (MC), particularly for females with pre‐menstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). This study aimed to determine whether increases in depressed mood and coping motives would predict increased cannabis use pre‐menstrually/menstrually, particularly among females with PMDD. We also assessed positive mood and enhancement motive ratings to establish specificity of predicted depressed mood and coping motive results.DesignObservational study using data collected across 32 days using electronic daily diary methods.SettingNova Scotia, Canada.ParticipantsSixty‐nine naturally cycling female cannabis users (Mean (M)age = 29.25, Standard Deviation (SD) = 5.66) with and without retrospectively identified PMDD (viastructured clinical interview) and prospectively identified PMDD (viaelevated pre‐menstrual depressed mood). Self‐reported MC phase was validated using salivary progesterone concentrations.MeasurementsDepressed/positive mood, coping‐/enhancement‐motivated cannabis use, and cannabis use quantity.FindingsCoping motives explained heightened cannabis use pre‐menstrually/menstrually in those with retrospectively identified PMDD. Depressed mood explained increased cannabis use menstrually in those with retrospectively/prospectively identified PMDD. Moreover, prospectively identified PMDD significantly moderated the relationship between depressed mood and cannabis use quantity menstrually. In those with prospectively identified PMDD, positive mood and enhancement motives were associated with decreased cannabis use during the follicular/ovulatory phases. Females with versus without retrospectively identified PMDD also displayed greater overall cannabis use quantity (M[SD] = 3.44[2.84] standard joint equivalents versus 1.85[1.82], respectively;U = 277.50,P = 0.008).ConclusionsDepressed mood may explain heightened cannabis use menstrually in females with pre‐menstrual dysphoric disorder. Coping motives may explain heightened cannabis use pre‐menstrually/menstrually in females with retrospectively identified with pre‐menstrual dysphoric disorder.
Rediscovering the rare genus Arietocometes Santos‐Silva & Tavakilian, 2009 (Coleoptera: Disteniidae): a review with description of three new species and an identification key
Authors: Botero Juan Pablo , Santos‐Silva Antonio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe genus Arietocometes Santos‐Silva & Tavakilian, 2009, is reviewed and a translation of its original description is provided, with correction of the elytral apex shape. Three new species are described: A. virgatus sp. nov., from Ecuador (Napo) and Colombia (Nariño); A. punctusdiaphoros sp. nov., from Colombia (Nariño); and A. terryi sp. nov., from Ecuador (Napo). Notes on the type‐locality of A. apicalis (Waterhouse, 1880), chromatic variation in A. giesberti (Hovore & Santos‐Silva, 2007), and A. nearnsi (Hovore & Santos‐Silva, 2007), and a few comments on A. rileyi (Hovore and Santos‐Silva, 2007), A. violaceicollis (Villiers, 1958), and A. wappesi (Santos‐Silva & Martins, 2004) are provided. The male terminalia is illustrated and described for the first time in the genus. Additionally, photographs of all known Arietocometes species are included, and an updated key to species of the genus is presented. This work is the most comprehensive revision carried out on this group to date and includes all currently known species.
We Should Have Asked What Year We Were In! Wastelands and Wilderness in the Văcărești Park
Authors: Cotoi Calin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn Central and Eastern Europe, nature protected areas came into being in a dramatically changing society, economy, and culture. Formerly industrial and infrastructural landscapes have been both materially and semantically reshaped through practices of restoration and attempts to revitalise ruins of failed modernisation projects. Around a socialist‐era empty lake, landowners, real estate developers, casino capitalism, displaced people, hopes, fantasies, wild and stray animals converged, creating a differentially ordered landscape in an antagonistically articulated coexistence of wastelands and nature. Văcărești Nature Park developed a specific historical and social trajectory, as it became closely related with local middle‐class projects and anxieties. In it, socialist ruins came into direct, sensuous contact with both nature and the fractured history of post‐1990s Bucharest capitalism, enacting a twin infrastructural and ecological inversion.
Effect of eplerenone on choroidal blood flow changes during isometric exercise in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Gallice Mathilde , Daruich Alejandra , Matet Alexandre , Mouvet Victoria , Dirani Ali , Evequoz Gilles , Geiser Martial , Behar Cohen Francine , Chiquet Christophe 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeTo investigate choroidal blood flow changes after isometric exercise in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy nontreated or treated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA).MethodsFoveolar choroidal laser Doppler flowmetry parameters – velocity (ChVel), volume (ChVol) and blood flow (ChBF) – of 22 eyes of 22 treated patients, 16 eyes of 16 untreated patients and 19 healthy controls were measured during a squatting test. Treatment consisted in MRA administration (eplerenone 50 mg/day or spironolactone 50 mg/day). The experiment comprised three successive periods: 30 seconds of rest, 2 min of continuous squatting exercise, and 150 seconds of recovery. Significance levels were calculated using a generalized estimating equation.ResultsDuring the squatting period, nontreated CSCR eyes had a similar change in ChVel (p = 0.8), ChVol (p = 0.8), ChBF (p = 0.5) and resistance to healthy eyes. Treated CSCR eyes exhibited significantly smaller changes in ChVel (−0.1 ± 11%, p = 0.04) than healthy eyes (6 ± 8%). No significant difference was found for ChVol and ChBF between the groups. The increase in ChVol from baseline in the nontreated CSCR group (4.4 ± 9%) was lower than that of treated group (6.7%±11%; p = 0.01). Finally, ChBF and ChVel changes in the CSCR groups were not significantly different.ConclusionsNo abnormalities were detected in the changes in ChBF parameters during increased ocular perfusion pressure in nontreated CSCR patients compared with controls. MRA treatment in CSCR patients induced a significant reduction in ChBVel and an increase in ChBVol in response to isometric exercise, suggesting that MRA exerts effects on choroidal vascular changes.
Exploring service user and family perspectives of a Culturally adapted Family Intervention (CaFI) for African‐Caribbean people with psychosis: A qualitative study
Authors: Jensen Eve , Carr Rosie , Degnan Amy , Berry Katherine , Edge Dawn 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesIn the UK, people of African‐Caribbean background have the highest rates of psychosis and greatest inequity in mental health services of all ethnicities. National policies have highlighted the lack of evidence‐based psychological interventions for this group. The aim of this study was to examine the acceptability of a novel Culturally adapted Family Intervention (CaFI) for African‐Caribbean individuals diagnosed with non‐affective psychosis and their relatives.DesignA qualitative design.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews conducted with 22 service users and 12 family members following participation in CaFI. The interview topic guide included perceptions of the needs and benefits of CaFI; usefulness, cultural specificity and accessibility of CaFI therapy and supporting materials; content and delivering of CaFI sessions; views and experiences of working with CaFI therapists; and perceived barriers and facilitators to implementation.ResultsDeductive framework analysis identified three main themes for service users: perceived benefits, barriers and limitations, and delivery of the therapy. Four themes were identified for family members: perceived benefits, perceptions of therapists, delivery of therapy, and accessibility of therapy content, supporting materials, and cultural appropriateness.ConclusionsCaFI was found to be an acceptable intervention for African‐Caribbean service users with psychosis and their relatives. Family interventions considering the needs of ethnic and cultural groups have the potential to improve the mental health care and experiences of service users and their families.Practitioner points

The Culturally adapted Family Intervention (CaFI) was viewed as acceptable to African‐Caribbean service users with psychosis and their families.

Through adapting interventions to be more culturally sensitive, it is possible to enhance the care of those who typically have poor engagement with mental health services.

In‐keeping with their ethos of individualized care delivery, mental health services should place more emphasis on being able to offer appropriate, culturally adapted interventions to their service users.
Vitamin D regulation of energy metabolism in cancer
Authors: Sheeley Madeline P. , Andolino Chaylen , Kiesel Violet A. , Teegarden Dorothy 
Published: March 2021

Vitamin D exerts anti‐cancer effects in recent clinical trials and preclinical models. The actions of vitamin D are primarily mediated through its hormonal form, 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D). Previous literature describing in vitro studies has predominantly focused on the anti‐tumourigenic effects of the hormone, such as proliferation and apoptosis. However, recent evidence has identified 1,25(OH)2D as a regulator of energy metabolism in cancer cells, where requirements for specific energy sources at different stages of progression are dramatically altered. The literature suggests that 1,25(OH)2D regulates energy metabolism, including glucose, glutamine and lipid metabolism during cancer progression, as well as oxidative stress protection, as it is closely associated with energy metabolism. Mechanisms involved in energy metabolism regulation are an emerging area in which vitamin D may inhibit multiple stages of cancer progression.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on New avenues in cancer prevention and treatment (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.12/issuetoc
Childhood asthma: Novel endotyping by cytokines, validated through sensitization profiles and clinical characteristics
Authors: Salvermoser Michael , Zeber Kathrin , Boeck Andreas , Klucker Elisabeth , Schaub Bianca 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundSpecific allergy sensitization pattern, using “component‐resolved diagnosis” (CRD), is a central component of allergy and asthma in childhood. Besides this, allergic asthma has been characterized by a Th2‐shifted endotype with elevation of classical Th2 cytokines. Recently, other endotypes with distinct mechanisms focusing on cytokine regulation evolved, yet those pathways are still not well understood.Objective(a) To define reproducible immunological endotypes using cytokine expression in an asthma cohort and (b) to characterize their sensitization profile and clinical phenotype.MethodsSupernatants from PBMCs of 234 children (median age 10 years) of an asthma cohort were analysed for cytokine expressions. The children were split into a training (n = 49) and validation (n = 185) group. The training group was used to identify immunological endotypes by clustering cytokine expressions, which were then assessed regarding clinical characteristics and specific IgE of recombinant allergen components. Next, our findings were validated in the validation group.ResultsWe identified novel endotypes based on primarily unstimulated cytokine expression. One endotype showed an IFN‐γ/Interleukin (IL)‐17/IL‐5 predominance, a different sensitization pattern (high in birch/apple; p < .01), and inferior lung function (p < .01). A second endotype grouped young children with food allergy and reduced lung function. Our findings were reproducible in the validation group.Conclusion and clinical relevanceWe identified two novel clinical asthma endotypes via cytokine expression pattern with distinct sensitization patterns. These novel findings are critical for clinical guidance and open avenues for identifying underlying mechanisms and more patient‐specific therapies.
Integrating real‐world data and modeling to project changes in femoral neck bone mineral density and fracture risk in premenopausal women
Authors: Beck Denise , Winzenborg Insa , Gao Wei , Mostafa Nael M. , Noertersheuser Peter , Chiuve Stephanie E. , Owens Charlotte , Shebley Mohamad 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDecline of bone mineral density (BMD) during menopause is related to increased risk of fractures in postmenopausal women, however, this relationship in premenopausal women has not been established. To quantify this relationship, real‐world data (RWD) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and longitudinal data from the elagolix phase III clinical trials were modeled across a wide age range, and covariates were evaluated. The natural changes in femoral neck BMD (FN‐BMD) were well‐described by a bi‐exponential relationship with first‐order BMD formation (k1) and resorption (k2) rate constants. Body mass index (BMI) and race (i.e., Black) were significant predictors indicating that patients with high BMI or Black race experience a relatively lower BMD loss. Simulations suggest that untreated premenopausal women with uterine fibroids (UFs) from elagolix phase III clinical trials (median age 43 years [minimum 25–maximum 53]) lose 0.6% FN‐BMD each year up to menopausal age. For clinical relevance, the epidemiological FRAX model was informed by the simulation results to predict the 10‐year risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF). Premenopausal women with UFs, who received placebo only in the elagolix phase III trials, have a projected FN‐BMD of 0.975 g/cm2 at menopause, associated with a 10‐year risk of MOF of 2.3%. Integration of modeling, RWD, and clinical trials data provides a quantitative framework for projecting long‐term postmenopausal risk of fractures, based on natural history of BMD changes in premenopausal women. This framework enables quantitative evaluation of the future risk of MOF for women receiving medical therapies (i.e., GnRH modulators) that adversely affect BMD.
Multifractal and joint multifractal analysis of soil micronutrients extracted by two methods along a transect in a coarse textured soil
Authors: Farias de França e Silva Ênio , García‐Tomillo Aitor , Silva de Souza Diego Henrique , Vidal‐Vázquez Eva , Machado Siqueira Glécio , da Costa Dantas Daniel , Paz‐González Antonio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the spatial behaviour of soil nutrients is essential for fertilizer management. Traditionally, comparison of soil testing methods has been performed using simple correlation analysis. The aims of this work were: (a) to characterize patterns of spatial variability of micronutrient concentrations obtained by two different soil testing methods, using single multifractal spectra, and (b) to compare the scale‐dependent relationship between the two datasets by joint multifractal analysis. The soil study site was located in Pernambuco state, Brazil. A 384‐m transect was marked every 3 m on an Orthic Podzol, cropped to sugar cane, in Pernambuco state, Brazil. Both, Mehlich‐3 and DTPA‐extracted micronutrients were measured in each of the 132 collected soil samples. The spatial distributions of available Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn could be fitted with multifractal models, regardless of the soil testing method. The generalized dimension, Dq versus q, and singularity spectra, f(α) versus α, showed a multifractal nature. Except for Fe, the scaling heterogeneity of the spatial distributions was higher for the Mehlich‐3 than for the DTPA datasets. Moreover, Zn exhibited the highest multifractality in both cases. Joint multifractal analysis demonstrated strong positive correlations between the scaling indices of the studied micronutrients extracted by the two methods. There were, however, different degrees of association between the scaling indices of these micronutrients, which ranked as: Zn > Cu > Fe > Mn. Except for Mn, Pearson product moment correlations between concentrations of available micronutrients extracted by the two solutions at the single or point measurement scale were weaker than those of the respective scaling indices at multiple scales. Therefore, single multifractal analysis captured a great complexity in the spatial distribution of available Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. Knowledge of the scaling behaviour of these available nutrients could be useful for transferring information about variability from one scale to another for soil fertility management. This study suggests that correlation analysis at the single or point measurement scale may not be sufficient to fully characterize the concentrations of microelements extracted by two different methods, whereas joint multifractal analysis showed potential to improve calibration of soil micronutrient testing.Highlights
Mehlich‐3 and DTPA‐extracted micronutrients showed high statistical variability across a transect.
All the spatial distributions of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn displayed a well‐defined multifractal structure.
Joint correlations of extracted micronutrients were stronger than single statistical correlations.
Our approach fully characterized complex spatial distributions arising from nonlinear processes.
Impact of natural and synthetic growth enhancers on the productivity and yield of quinoa (chenopodium quinoa willd.) cultivated under normal and late sown circumstances
Authors: Rashid Nabila , Khan Shahbaz , Wahid Abdul , Basra Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed , Alwahibi Mona S. , Jacobsen Sven‐Erik 
Published: March 2021

AbstractQuinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has attracted attention in agricultural community as alternative crop in harsh climatic regions due to its high tolerance level under biotic and abiotic conditions. Natural and synthetic growth enhancers are supposed to boost up the growth, development and economical yield of field crops under normal and unfavourable growing conditions. Two successive field experiments were conducted to explore the impact of moringa leaf extract (MLE), sorghum water extract (sorgaab), hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid on growth and grain quality of quinoa cultivated under normal and late sown conditions. MLE at 3%, sorgaab at 3%, hydrogen peroxide at 100 µM and ascorbic acid at 500 µM were applied at anthesis stage of crop cultivated during growing seasons of 2016–2017 and 2017–2018. Seeds of quinoa genotype UAF‐Q7 were sown at Research Area of Directorate of Farms, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad‐Pakistan. All the foliar treatments significantly improved the physiological and growth attributes. Maximum improvement in synthesis of chlorophyll (29% and 12%) and carotenoids contents (42% and 28%) and net rate of photosynthesis (58% and 70%) and respiration (26% and 14%) was recorded by MLE application over control (no spray) under normal and late sowing. Mineral elements, antioxidants activities and seed protein contents were also improved by all foliar treatments but mainly by MLE application. MLE application produced highest grain (47%) and straw (52%) yields under normal and late sown environments. Application of MLE is considered good biostimulant to improve the productivity and yield of quinoa crop cultivated under normal and even in late sown circumstances.
Ab initio molecular dynamics simulation of the structural and electronic properties of aluminoborosilicate glass
Authors: Gong Haiming , Song Bin , Yang Yuting , Wang Peixian , Cao Zhiqiang , Chen Xiaojie , Zhao Gaoling , Peng Shou , Liu Yong , Han Gaorong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, the structural and electronic properties of aluminoborosilicate glass, which has a wide range of applications in fields such as microelectronics and displays, were examined using ab initio molecular dynamic simulations. Computing models containing 220 atoms correctly described the local structure of the glass. The reliability of the computing models was verified by the consistency between the experimental results, obtained using high‐energy X‐ray diffraction and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, and the simulation results pertaining to structural factors, pair distribution functions, Qn distribution, and elastic properties. The presence of B and Al increased the flexibility and asymmetry of the system, as shown by the bond angle and ring size distributions. Based on the electronic properties, we observed that the introduction of Al and B atoms into the network could also cause covalent interactions with the O atoms, similar to that with Si atoms. However, the Na and Mg atoms still interacted with all kinds of atoms in the network via charge transfer and exhibited highly non‐localized effects on the charge of the network formers. These results extend our understanding of the structure of aluminoborosilicate glass and have guiding significance for improving and designing new types of this glass.
Challenges and opportunities of multimodal data in human learning: The computer science students' perspective
Authors: Mangaroska Katerina , Martinez‐Maldonado Roberto , Vesin Boban , Gašević Dragan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMultimodal data have the potential to explore emerging learning practices that extend human cognitive capacities. A critical issue stretching in many multimodal learning analytics (MLA) systems and studies is the current focus aimed at supporting researchers to model learner behaviours, rather than directly supporting learners. Moreover, many MLA systems are designed and deployed without learners' involvement. We argue that in order to create MLA interfaces that directly support learning, we need to gain an expanded understanding of how multimodal data can support learners' authentic needs. We present a qualitative study in which 40 computer science students were tracked in an authentic learning activity using wearable and static sensors. Our findings outline learners' curated representations about multimodal data and the non‐technical challenges in using these data in their learning practice. The paper discusses 10 dimensions that can serve as guidelines for researchers and designers to create effective and ethically aware student‐facing MLA innovations.