bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PIECES FRAMEWORK TERHADAP ANALISIS DAN EVALUASI KEPUASAN TERHADAP APLIKASI XXX PADA PEMBELAJARAN ANAK-ANAK.
Authors: Afrizal Thomas 
Published: May 2021

Anak-anak adalah saat dimana mereka melakukan kegiatan yang menyenangkan seperti bermain. Namun jika hanya bermain maka kegiatan mereka sangat kecil dalam lingkupannya. Oleh karena itu anak-anak harus diselipkan atau dicampur dengan kegiatan belajar. Dalam era sekarang ini zaman yang sudah berubah yaitu zaman dimana era digital sangat merajai. Bukan hanya pada bidang bisnis atau pekerjaan, pada bidang pendidikan juga sangat dibutuhkan. Khusus pada anak-anak mereka juga tidak luput dalam perkembangan era digital ini. Dalam kegiatan belajar nya mereka juga dapat menggunakan teknologi sebagai alatnya. Hal itu dikarenakan pada teknologi tersebut dapat membuat anak-anak tertarik dalam hal belajar. tidak hanya belajar namun terdapat animasi dan video dan suaranya. Teknologi ini berupa aplikasi animasi pembelajaran bagi anak-anak. Dalam pembuatannya juga harus saling keterhubungan antara anak-anak dan aplikasi tersebut. Hal ini dapat membuat kegiatan belajar anak-anak menjadi lancar dan bermanfaat langsung tepat sasaran. Tujuan penelitian ini dalah untuk mengevaluasi aplikasi ini terhadap penggunaannya baik menganalisis kelebihan dan kelemahan dari aplikasi ini dan penggunaan keseluruhan , menggunakan kerangka PIECES. Dan menentukan langkah selanjutnya jika terdapat ketidak puasan dari pengguna terhadap aplikasi ini. Metode penelitian ini adalah menggunakan analisis PIECES FRAMEWORK yang terdiri dari berbagai kriteria : Performance, Information, Economics, Control & Security, Efficiency, Service. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi ini mempunyai kelebihan dalam hal menarik perhatian anak-anak karena menggunakan beberapa fitur animasi didalamnya dan menggunakan suara, namun ada beberapa kelemahan yang dipunyai aplikasi ini yang harus ditingkatkan.
A Note on Estimating Unreported Sample Statistics for Meta-Analysis
Authors: Eisenhauer Joseph G. 
Published: May 2021

A major challenge confronting meta-analysts seeking to synthesize existing empirical research on a given topic is the frequent failure of primary studies to fully report their sample statistics. Because such research cannot be included in a meta-analysis unless the unreported statistics can somehow be recovered, a number of methods have been devised to estimate the sample mean and standard deviation from other quantities. This note compares several recently proposed sets of estimators that rely on extrema and/or quartiles to estimate unreported statistics for any given sample. The simplest method relies on an underlying model of normality, while the more complex methods are explicitly designed to accommodate non-normality. Our empirical comparison uses a previously developed data set containing 58 samples, ranging in size from 48 to 2,528 observations, from a standard depression screening instrument, the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). When only the median and extrema are known, we find that the estimation method based on normality yields the most accurate estimates of both the mean and standard deviation, despite the existence of asymmetry throughout the data set; and when other information is given, the normality-based estimators have accuracy comparable to that of the other estimators reviewed here. Additionally, if the sample size is unknown, the method based on normality is the only feasible approach. The simplicity of the normality-based approach provides an added convenience for practitioners.
Effect of Pre and Post Infection Administration of Zinc and Selenium on some Biochemical indices in Wistar Rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Tese Timothy , Anigo Kola Matthew , Jonah Alice Onyeche , Kugama Meshack Anthony , Andrew Tinok , Ibrahim Janet Larai , Arumona Raymond , Chinten William Denbon Genesis 
Published: May 2021

Aims: The effect of pre and post-infection administration of zinc and selenium on Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in wistar rats on some biochemical parameters were investigated.
Study Design: The study was designed to evaluate the effect of pre and post infection administration of zinc and selenium on Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in wistar rats.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research (NITR), Kaduna and Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, between January 2014 to March 2014.
Methodology: Fifty four (54) wistar rats were divided into nine groups of six (6) rats each. Groups III-IX were infected intraperitoneally with 1x103parasite load. Animals in group III were infected but untreated while the infected/treated groups received prophylactic (IV, V and VI) and therapeutic (VII, VIII and IX) treatment with zinc and selenium 50mg/kg and 10mg/kg body weight respectively.
Results: Results obtained showed that serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities in the infected-untreated control group were significantly different (P<0.05) and higher as compared to infected treated and normal control. Similarly, the two minerals significantly decreased (P<0.05) the levels of Urea and Creatinine in the infected treated when compared to the infected untreated rats, with the exception of creatinine value of the post-infected treated with selenium where there was no significant (P>0.05) decrease. On the other hand, a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum levels of total Protein, albumin and total bilirubin and no significant (P>0.05) difference in direct bilirubin was recorded in infected treated group compared to infected untreated and normal control.
Conclusion: It was concluded that administration of zinc and selenium ameliorate the infection-induced biochemical changes in tissues and organs associated with Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in Wistar rats.
Effect of Integrated Use of Organic Manures and Chemical Fertilizers under Soil Test Crop Response Approach on Soil Properties and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Pandey Varsha , Srivastava Ajaya 
Published: May 2021

A field experiment was conducted at Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, during kharif 2019 to study the effect of integrated use of organic manures and chemical fertilizers under STCR approach on physico-chemical, biological properties of soil and yield of maize crop in a Mollisol. The experiment comprised of 9 treatments replicated thrice. The treatment details were Control (no fertilizers), RDF, STCR (inorganic mode), STCR INM mode, 75% STCR dose of N (inorganic mode) + Green manure, 50% STCR dose of N (inorganic mode) + Green Manure, 75% RDN + Green Manure, 50% RDN + Green Manure and FYM + Green Manure + Intercropping with urd. The lowest yield and soil properties were observed under control. The highest water holding capacity (63.20%), available N (183.98 kg ha-1), available P (28.94 kg ha-1), microbial biomass carbon (335.35 µg/g soil) and urease enzyme activity (30.06 µg urea/g soil/h) was observed under T4 (STCR INM mode). The highest organic carbon (0.99%), available K (200.85 kg ha-1) and dehydrogenase activity (223.60 µgTPF/gsoil/day) was observed under T5 (75% STCR dose of N (inorganic mode) + Green manure). The highest maize yield was observed under T4 (STCR INM mode). Therefore, the present investigation clearly reveals the significance of balanced and efficient utilization of resources under STCR approach on soil and crop productivity of maize crop.
Platelet to Lymphocyte Percentage Ratio as a Marker of Arterial Stiffness in Hemodialysis Patients‎
Authors: Gazzar Hend H. Al , El-Badry Amr M. , El-Bedewy Tamer A. , El-Naggar Gamal F. 
Published: May 2021

Aim of the Work: To evaluate platelet to lymphocyte percentage ratio as a marker of arterial stiffness in hemodialysis
Study Design: Cross sectional.
Place and Duration of Study: Tanta University Hospitals; Hemodialysis Units, from June 2019 till October 2020.
Methodology: The study included 80 end stage renal disease patients (40 males and 40 females) on regular hemodialysis for at least 3months. Laboratory investigations included complete blood counts (CBC), lipid profile, serum albumin, calcium, phosphorus, parathormone hormone, uric acid and C-reactive protein (CRP). Ankle brachial index (ABI) was measured using a hand held Doppler. Data obtained was statistically analyzed.
Results: In our study, abnormal ankle-brachial index was found to be associated with high neutrophil %, high platelet count, high platelet lymphocyte percentage ratio (PL%R) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), elevated cholesterol and low density lipoprotein levels, and presence of cerebrovascular and coronary artery diseases. In multivariate analysis, PL%R and PLR were independently related to abnormal ABI in hemodialysis patients with P value 0.03 and 0.04 respectively. PL%R had sensitivity 92% and specificity 83% while PLR had sensitivity 81% and specificity 60%. There was a positive correlation between PL%R and CRP as a marker of inflammation.
Conclusion: Increased platelet-to-lymphocyte percentage ratio was independently associated with increased arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients.
Comparative Study on Iris Manifestations between COVID-19 Severe Cases and Non-COVID Individuals
Authors: Ayda Y. Rosy , Mooventhan A. , Vinothkumar M. H. , Kayelarasi C. A. , Vijaykanth S. , Manavalan N. 
Published: May 2021

Aims: To compare the iris manifestations between COVID-19 positive (severe) cases and their age and gender matched non-COVID-19 individuals.
Study Design and Setting: A comparative cross sectional survey performed in Government Omandurar Medical College, Chennai
Methodology: This study was performed to compare the iris manifestations between COVID-19 positive (severe) cases (n = 119) and their age and gender matched non-COVID-19 individuals (n = 119). Iris manifestations (both right and left eyes) of all the subjects (both study and control groups) were observed at only one point in time, and was compared between the groups.
Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics (Frequency distribution and percentage) were performed using Microsoft excel 2010. Within-group analysis was performed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, while the between-groups (study and control) analysis was performed using Chi-square test with the use of statistical package for the social sciences, version 16. P value < 0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: The research findings in right iris showed a significant difference at p<0.05 in Inner Pupillary Border (IPB), Autonomic Nerve Wreath (ANW), Scurf Rim (SCR), Inflammatory Sign (IS) and Lung Lesion (LL), while no significant difference at p<0.05 in Pupil Size (PS), Absorption Ring (AR), Iris Constitution (IC) and Stress Ring (STR) between the study and control groups. Likewise, the results of the left iris showed a significant difference at p<0.05 in IPB, ANW, SCR, LL and STR, while no significant change at p<0.05 in PS, IC, AR and IS between the study and control groups.
Conclusion: The paper aid comparison of the iris manifestations between COVID-19 positive and their age and gender matched non-COVID-19 individuals. The findings are of broad use to the scientific and medical communities searching for safe, cost-effective diagnostic approach. The present study is important in furthering our understanding of the importance of looking into the iris for diagnostic purpose.
Effects of Different Beverages on Salivary pH and Time Taken by Saliva to Regain Normal pH among Teenagers
Authors: Hirani Haris , Iqbal Nasima , Bijarani Ali Nawaz , Hashmi Unaiza Pervaiz , Khurram Samreen , Baig Nasir Jamal 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Status of oral health depends on diet that we consume on daily basis. Diet does not predispose tissues of oral cavity at risk but it’s the change in pH that leads to acidic oral environment causing dry mouth, tooth decay, erosion and bad breath. Potential role of various foods in enamel demineralization has been evaluated. The decreased pH for longer durations ultimately leads to enamel dissolution and lesion formation. the current study is aimed to evaluate the change in pH in oral cavity after consumption of Milk, Milk with added sugar, carbonated drink and fresh lemon juice.
Methodology: It was a cross sectional study conducted at tertiary care hospital of Karachi from November 2020 to January 2021. An elementary school was contacted for permission access to recruit the teen ager students (13-16year) of either gender. The total calculated sample size at 50% proportion of school strength was 140 students that were further divided into 4 groups i.e., 35 students / group. Recruited participants were educated regarding the study protocols and aims moreover they were divided into groups (Group A, B, C and D) randomly and milk, milk with added sugar, carbonated drink and fresh lemon juice was given to participants to drink in respective order of grouping. After consumption of specific drink pH readings were recorded after 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours. Saliva was obtained in sterile container for 5 times from one participant. The salivary pH was directly estimated using the digital pH meter (SIGMA pH meter: model number 131) calibrated with buffers of pH 4 and 7.
Results: The mean age of participants was 13.9 ± 2.3 years. There were 89 (63.5%) females and 51 (36.4%) males. Most of the participants were from 8th and 9th class. The decrease in pH of saliva after consumption of either drink was observed in all groups when compared to controls. The paired t test analysis revealed a significant (p-value=0.002) decrease in pH after 15 minutes and that acidic level of pH was maintained for 30 minutes (p-value=0.037). ANOVA analysis showed insignificant relation among all groups after having beverages. As after two hours salivary pH returned to normal range when compared to control.
Conclusion: There was no any difference in salivary pH after consuming milk, milk with added sugar, carbonated drink and fresh lemon juice after 15 minutes. After 2 hours pH of saliva reverts to its normal value.
Determination of Leachate Plume Migrations from Selected Cemeteries in Benin-City Metropolis using Integrated Physicochemical and Geophysical Methods
Authors: Airen O. J. 
Published: May 2021

Environmental geo-forensics which involves an integrated suite of geochemical and geophysical techniques was used to detect and evaluate contaminant plume migrations from three cemeteries (names of the cemeteries are; First, second and third cemeteries, all in Benin City) within Benin-City metropolis, South-South Nigeria. The study aimed at determining the risks to groundwater and soil by assessing the rate of leachate plume migrations on the study area. The Very Low Frequency-Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) surveys revealed locations of conductive bodies. The Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) surveys showed patterns and resistivity values indicating the presence of leachate plumes around second and third cemeteries, and no presence of leachate around first cemetery. Soil samples from shallow depths within the vicinities of the cemeteries revealed pollution which had probably migrated from the study area. The surface and subsurface soil investigations showed pure laterites which is impervious to fluid flow. Generally, many depressions were identified within the study area, although migration rate is low because it is controlled mainly by the subsurface geology. A time lapse study showed contaminant migration rates of 41.6 cm/month and 51.7 cm/month in the horizontal directions in the second and third cemeteries respectively and 19.2 cm/month in the vertical directions for both (second and third) cemeteries. Also, the arrival time of migrating plumes in laterite layer under was estimated to be 4 years. This investigation demonstrates the suitability of environmental and criminal geo-forensics for identification and evaluation of electrically conductive contaminant plumes, and also to monitor the plume as it travels within the subsurface.
Sustained poor mental health among healthcare workers in COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal analysis of the four-wave panel survey over 8 months in Japan
Authors: Sasaki Natsu , Asaoka Hiroki , Kuroda Reiko , Tsuno Kanami , Imamura Kotaro , Kawakami Norito 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to compare the longitudinal change of the psychological distress of healthcare workers (HCWs) with non-HCWs during the repeated outbreaks of the COVID-19 in Japan.

Methods
The data were retrieved from the Employee Cohort Study in the Covid-19 pandemic in Japan study. An online survey was conducted on March 2020 (T1), on May 2020 (T2), on August 2020 (T3), and on November 2020 (T4). Psychological distress was measured by the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire. A mixed-model repeated-measures ANOVA was conducted as an indicator of the group differences.

Results
A total sample of analysis was n = 996 (HCWs, n = 111; non-HCWs, n = 885). HCWs consisted of physicians/nurses/midwives and other HCWs (eg, pharmacists, clinical laboratory technicians) in the clinical settings (n = 19; 17% and n = 61; 55%, respectively), and HCWs not working in the clinical settings (n = 31; 28%). Being HCWs were associated with a significant increase in psychological distress from T1 to T2, T3 and T4 (P = .001, P = .002, P &lt; .001; respectively).

Conclusions
The mental health of HCWs deteriorated through the COVID-19 outbreaks compared with non-HCWs. HCWs are continuously the important targets to provide mental health support.
Assessment of the Sun Nuclear ArcCHECK to detect errors in 6MV FFF VMAT delivery of brain SABR using ROC analysis
Authors: Tattenberg Sebastian , Hyde Derek , Milette Marie‐Pierre , Parodi Katia , Araujo Cynthia , Carlone Marco 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInstitutions use a range of different detector systems for patient‐specific quality assurance (QA) measurements conducted to assure that the dose delivered by a patient’s radiotherapy treatment plan matches the calculated dose distribution. However, the ability of different detectors to detect errors from different sources is often unreported. This study contains a systematic evaluation of Sun Nuclear’s ArcCHECK in terms of the detectability of potential machine‐related treatment errors. The five investigated sources of error were multileaf collimator (MLC) leaf positions, gantry angle, collimator angle, jaw positions, and dose output. The study encompassed the clinical treatment plans of 29 brain cancer patients who received stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR). Six error magnitudes were investigated per source of error. In addition, the Eclipse AAA beam model dosimetric leaf gap (DLG) parameter was varied with four error magnitudes. Error detectability was determined based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). Detectability of DLG errors was good or excellent (AUC >0.8) at an error magnitude of at least ±0.4 mm, while MLC leaf position and gantry angle errors reached good or excellent detectability at error magnitudes of at least 1.0 mm and 0.6°, respectively. Ideal thresholds, that is, gamma passing rates, to maximize sensitivity and specificity ranged from 79.1% to 98.7%. The detectability of collimator angle, jaw position, and dose output errors was poor for all investigated error magnitudes, with an AUC between 0.5 and 0.6. The ArcCHECK device’s ability to detect errors from treatment machine‐related sources was evaluated, and ideal gamma passing rate thresholds were determined for each source of error. The ArcCHECK was able to detect errors in DLG value, MLC leaf positions, and gantry angle. The ArcCHECK was unable to detect the studied errors in collimator angle, jaw positions, and dose output.
Dosimetric comparison of multiple vs single isocenter technique for linear accelerator‐based stereotactic radiosurgery: The Importance of the six degree couch
Authors: Amaya Dania , Shinde Ashwin , Wohlers Christopher , Wong Ka Chun Carson , Novak Jennifer , Neylon John , Han Chunhui , Liu An , Dandapani Savita , Glaser Scott 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeSingle isocenter technique (SIT) for linear accelerator‐based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is feasible. However, SIT introduces the potential for rotational error which can lead to geographical miss. Additional planning treatment volume (PTV) margin is required when using SIT. With the six degrees of freedom (6DoF) couch, rotational error can be minimized. We sought to evaluate the effect of the 6DoF couch on the dosimetry of patients with multiple brain metastases treated with SIT.Materials and MethodsTen consecutive patients treated with SRS to ≥3 metastases were identified. Original treatments had MIT plans (MITP). The lesions were replanned using SIT. Lesions 5‐10 cm from isocenter had an additional 1mm of margin. Patients were replanned with these additional margins to account for inability to correct rotational error (SITPM). Multiple dosimetric variables and time metrics were evaluated. Dosimetry planning time (DPT) and patient treatment time (PTT) were evaluated. Statistics were calculated using the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test.ResultsA total of 73 brain metastases receiving SRS, to a median of 6 lesions per patient, were identified. MITPs treated 73 lesions with 63 isocenters. On average, MITPs had a 19.2% higher brain V12 than SITPs (P = 0.017).For creation of SITPM, 30 lesions required 1 mm of additional margin, while none required 2 mm of margin. This increased V12 by 47.8% on average per patient (P = 0.008) from SITP to SITPM.DPT was 5.5 hours for SITP, while median for MITP was 12.5 hours (P = 0.005) PTT was 30 minutes for SITP, while median for MITP was 144 minutes (P = 0.005).ConclusionsSITPs are comparable to MITPs if rotational error can be corrected with the use of a 6DoF couch. Increasing margin to account for rotational error leads to a nearly 50% increase in V12, which could result in higher rates of radiation necrosis. Time savings are significant using SIT.
Dry Processing and Recycling of Thick Nacre–Mimetic Nanocomposites
Authors: Lossada Francisco , Zhu Baolei , Walther Andreas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBioinspired nanocomposites with high levels of reinforcement hold great promise for future, green lightweight, and functional engineering materials, but they suffer from slow, tedious, and nonscalable preparation routes, that typically only lead to very thin films. A rapid and facile dry powder processing technique is introduced to generate bioinspired nanocomposite materials at high fractions of reinforcements (50 wt%) and with millimeter scale thickness. The process uses powder drying of vitrimer‐coated nanoplatelets (nanoclay and MXene) from aqueous solution and subsequent hot‐pressing. As a method of choice in industrial lightweight composite materials engineering, hot‐pressing underscores a high potential to translate this approach to actual products. The use of the vitrimer chemistry with temperature‐activated bond shuffling is important to facilitate smooth integration into the nanocomposite design, leading to layered nacre‐inspired nanocomposites with nanoscale hard/soft order traced by X‐ray diffraction and excellent mechanical properties investigated using flexural tests. Recycling by grinding and hot‐pressing is possible without property loss. The compatibility with existing composite processing techniques, scalable thickness and dimensions, and recyclability open considerable opportunities for translating bioinspired nanocomposites to real‐life applications.