bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Honey, I Shrunk the Domain: Frequency‐aware Force Field Reduction for Efficient Fluids Optimization
Authors: Tang Jingwei , C. Azevedo Vinicius , Cordonnier Guillaume , Solenthaler Barbara 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFluid control often uses optimization of control forces that are added to a simulation at each time step, such that the final animation matches a single or multiple target density keyframes provided by an artist. The optimization problem is strongly under‐constrained with a high‐dimensional parameter space, and finding optimal solutions is challenging, especially for higher resolution simulations. In this paper, we propose two novel ideas that jointly tackle the lack of constraints and high dimensionality of the parameter space. We first consider the fact that optimized forces are allowed to have divergent modes during the optimization process. These divergent modes are not entirely projected out by the pressure solver step, manifesting as unphysical smoke sources that are explored by the optimizer to match a desired target. Thus, we reduce the space of the possible forces to the family of strictly divergence‐free velocity fields, by optimizing directly for a vector potential. We synergistically combine this with a smoothness regularization based on a spectral decomposition of control force fields. Our method enforces lower frequencies of the force fields to be optimized first by filtering force frequencies in the Fourier domain. The mask‐growing strategy is inspired by Kolmogorov's theory about scales of turbulence. We demonstrate improved results for 2D and 3D fluid control especially in higher‐resolution settings, while eliminating the need for manual parameter tuning. We showcase various applications of our method, where the user effectively creates or edits smoke simulations.
Enabling Viewpoint Learning through Dynamic Label Generation
Authors: Schelling M. , Hermosilla P. , Vázquez P.‐P. , Ropinski T. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOptimal viewpoint prediction is an essential task in many computer graphics applications. Unfortunately, common viewpoint qualities suffer from two major drawbacks: dependency on clean surface meshes, which are not always available, and the lack of closed‐form expressions, which requires a costly search involving rendering. To overcome these limitations we propose to separate viewpoint selection from rendering through an end‐to‐end learning approach, whereby we reduce the influence of the mesh quality by predicting viewpoints from unstructured point clouds instead of polygonal meshes. While this makes our approach insensitive to the mesh discretization during evaluation, it only becomes possible when resolving label ambiguities that arise in this context. Therefore, we additionally propose to incorporate the label generation into the training procedure, making the label decision adaptive to the current network predictions. We show how our proposed approach allows for learning viewpoint predictions for models from different object categories and for different viewpoint qualities. Additionally, we show that prediction times are reduced from several minutes to a fraction of a second, as compared to state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) viewpoint quality evaluation. Code and training data is available at https://github.com/schellmi42/viewpoint_learning, which is to our knowledge the biggest viewpoint quality dataset available.
Blue Noise Plots
Authors: van Onzenoodt Christian , Singh Gurprit , Ropinski Timo , Ritschel Tobias 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe propose Blue Noise Plots, two‐dimensional dot plots that depict data points of univariate data sets. While often one‐dimensional strip plots are used to depict such data, one of their main problems is visual clutter which results from overlap. To reduce this overlap, jitter plots were introduced, whereby an additional, non‐encoding plot dimension is introduced, along which the data point representing dots are randomly perturbed. Unfortunately, this randomness can suggest non‐existent clusters, and often leads to visually unappealing plots, in which overlap might still occur. To overcome these shortcomings, we introduce Blue Noise Plots where random jitter along the non‐encoding plot dimension is replaced by optimizing all dots to keep a minimum distance in 2D i. e., Blue Noise. We evaluate the effectiveness as well as the aesthetics of Blue Noise Plots through both, a quantitative and a qualitative user study. The Python implementation of Blue Noise Plots is available here.
Curve Complexity Heuristic KD‐trees for Neighborhood‐based Exploration of 3D Curves
Authors: Lu Yucheng , Cheng Luyu , Isenberg Tobias , Fu Chi-Wing , Chen Guoning , Liu Hui , Deussen Oliver , Wang Yunhai 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe introduce the curve complexity heuristic (CCH), a KD‐tree construction strategy for 3D curves, which enables interactive exploration of neighborhoods in dense and large line datasets. It can be applied to searches of k‐nearest curves (KNC) as well as radius‐nearest curves (RNC). The CCH KD‐tree construction consists of two steps: (i) 3D curve decomposition that takes into account curve complexity and (ii) KD‐tree construction, which involves a novel splitting and early termination strategy. The obtained KD‐tree allows us to improve the speed of existing neighborhood search approaches by at least an order of magnitude (i. e., 28×for KNC and 12×for RNC with 98% accuracy) by considering local curve complexity. We validate this performance with a quantitative evaluation of the quality of search results and computation time. Also, we demonstrate the usefulness of our approach for supporting various applications such as interactive line queries, line opacity optimization, and line abstraction.
People withweight‐related long‐termconditions want support fromGPs: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Talbot Amelia , Salinas Maria , Albury Charlotte , Ziebland Sue 
Published: June 2021

SummaryTwo‐thirds of UK adults do not have an up‐to‐date weight record in primary care. Some studies suggest that doctors do not raise the topic of weight management for fear of causing embarrassment or offence, or are doubtful whether people will make changes. However, for people with weight‐related long‐term conditions, conversations with general practitioners (GPs) can be crucial. Our study explores how people with long‐term conditions associated with overweight recall and interpret conversations about weight in British primary care. An experienced qualitative researcher interviewed 41 people aged<42 years with long‐term conditions associated with overweight. A maximum variation sample was sought, and transcribed interviews were analysed thematically. We revealed that patients with weight‐related long‐term conditions have different experiences and expectations about the role of GPs in supporting weight management. If a GP did not raise weight management in the context of the long‐term condition patients formed the impression that their overweight was not seen as “doctorable” that is, as an appropriate topic for the consultation, rather than a personal or “lifestyle” concern. This was explained in multiple ways, which are captured in two themes; perceiving weight as “doctorable”; and weight doctoring in primary care. The findings highlight the need for increased attention on weight‐related long‐term conditions in primary care. Interventions from GPs would be welcome if conducted in a sensitive, non‐judgmental manner and based on sound evidence about what works.
Impact of Chinese respiratory physicians participating in smoking cessation and mobile health: A randomised feasibility trial
Authors: Wang Yizhe , Xu Xi , Li Rong , Zhang Li , Kang Jian , Xiao Dan , Hu Xuejun , Wang Xiaonan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionPeople who are eager to quit smoking often lack long‐term, daily smoking cessation guidance. In addition, advances in mobile communication technology offer promising ways for providing tobacco dependence treatment. However, it is unclear whether the doctor‐WeChat network can improve the smoking cessation rate of nicotine‐dependent patients.MethodsIn this prospective single‐blind cohort study, 250 smokers were enrolled from May 2018 to October 2018. They were randomly divided into two groups, with or without doctors’ active smoking cessation service, and followed up for 6 months. The smoking cessation rate and characteristics of successful smoking cessation groups were compared. The reasons for relapse were also analysed.ResultsAfter smoking cessation for 3 months, the success rate of the group involving active respiratory physicians was 65.0% (80/123), whereas the success rate of the control group was 34.7% (34/98). After 6 months, the success rate of the group involving active respiratory physicians was 55.3% (68/123), while that of the control group was only 11.2% (11/98). There was no difference in the weight change of the participants between the two groups. Subgroup analysis showed that doctors’ participation had a greater impact on the success of smoking cessation in men younger than 45 years or unemployed.ConclusionsDoctors in mobile smoking cessation services played a very important role in improving quit rates. Our research provided methodological guidance for further clinical trials and a template for further real‐world applications of smoking cessation services.
Early recognition of chronic rejection in a face allotransplant patient with alopecia
Authors: Akdogan Neslihan , Ersoy‐Evans Sibel , Gokoz Ozay , Erdem Yunus , Nasir Serdar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe features of chronic rejection (CR) in full‐face vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) are not well‐known. Herein, we report a full‐face transplant patient that experienced two episodes of acute rejection (AR) and three episodes of AR/CR over the course of 6‐years. The patient noticed a small, round patch of hair loss in his beard 9 months after the second AR episode, which occurred 21 months post‐transplantation. Biopsy of the alopecic patch showed lichen‐planopilaris‐like features, which were suggestive of early CR. Despite an increase in immunosuppressive dosages, the alopecia progressed. Following the second and third AR/CR episodes, the alopecia became more pronounced, with the addition of hyperpigmentation as well as sclerosis and telangiectasia. The findings of multiple biopsies showed CR. Based on these findings we think that alopecia with lichen‐planopilaris‐like histopathological features similar to grade III AR features, particularly in hair follicles appears to be an early finding of CR in the presented patient. The findings further indicate that follicular involvement may be a significant feature of CR in VCA patients and that it can present prior to sclerosis, vasculopathy, or loss of adnexa. The present case is uniquely important because of the distinctive presentation of CR, with hair follicles clinically and histopathologically affected, leading to progressive and irreversible alopecia with lichen‐planopilaris‐like histopathology.
Animating the Kress Collection: Toward a Model of Shared Curatorial Authority and Engagement with Old Master Works
Authors: Khan Sabiha Ahmad , Sommer Elisabeth W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn 2014, The El Paso Museum of Art (EPMA) embarked on a project to fuse Old Master paintings with digital animation called, “Animating the Kress Collection.” The primary goal was to engage younger audiences, roughly defined as middle school through young adult, with the museum’s Kress Collection of European Old Master artists, with supporting goals of making the works more accessible to K‐12 teachers and students and encouraging the wider community to visit the collection. The project raised issues of navigating between object and experience in the curator‐educator divide common in art museums. We argue that digital animation tools provide a way of bridging that divide, but with the proviso that these tools can create new understandings of cultural assets. We further argue, therefore, that digital animation comprises a method of knowledge‐making that allowed for student interns to put their own stamp on the paintings in the Kress, thus sharing authority with formal curatorial approaches. In the course of production, animated humor emerged as a key interpretive strategy for breaking down the wall between curatorial expertise and audience experience, allowing audiences to feel less intimidated by and more engaged with the artworks. Ultimately, because this project began under one museum director and ended under another, the initial goals fell by the wayside as they were not shared by the new administration. This project thus holds important lessons in the role of leadership and thought‐provoking possibilities for expanding the curatorial vision in museums in general, and art museums in particular.
Anti‐COVID‐19 measurements for hidradenitis suppurativa patients
Authors: Giamarellos‐Bourboulis Evangelos J. , Bettoli Vincenzo , Jemec Gregor B. E. , del Marmol Veronique , Marzano Angelo V. , Prens Errol P. , Tzellos Thrasyvoulos , Zouboulis Christos C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe reported incidence of COVID‐19 among cohorts of patients with inflammatory bowel and skin diseases under treatment with biologicals is low. Treatment may further modify disease severity as some biological modifiers, such as anakinra, are also proposed for the management of COVID‐19 patients potentially providing HS patients with an advantage.The above preliminary evidence suggests that hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) does probably not provide an increased susceptibility for COVID‐19 and that any susceptibility is unlikely to be modified negatively by treatment with biologicals.On the occasion of its 10th International Conference, experts of the European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation e.V. have prepared a consensus statement regarding anti‐COVID‐19 measurements for HS patients. Based on the available knowledge, patients with HS may be vaccinated against SARS‐CoV2 and patients affected by metabolic syndrome constitute a high‐risk group for COVID‐19 and should be vaccinated at the earliest convenient point in time. HS patients on treatment with adalimumab can be vaccinated with non‐living virus anti‐SARS‐CoV2 vaccines. A possible suboptimal effect of the vaccine may be suspected but might not be expected universally. The management of the biological treatment in HS patients is at the discretion of the dermatologist / responsible physician.
Acute kidney injury secondary to chlorine dioxide use for COVID‐19 prevention
Authors: Medina‐Avitia Ernesto , Tella‐Vega Pamela , García‐Estrada Christian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChlorine dioxide has been historically used as a disinfecting agent for drinking water supplies and surfaces. Widespread use as an alternative option for prevention and treatment of COVID‐19 has emerged due to a lack of specific treatment. We present the case of a 55‐year‐old male who developed acute kidney injury and disseminated intravascular coagulation after chlorine dioxide prophylactic ingestion, with regression after therapy with hemodialysis.
Advanced germ cell tumor patients undergoing post‐chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection: Impact of residual teratoma on prognosis
Authors: Nitta Satoshi , Kawai Koji , Kimura Tomokazu , Kandori Shuya , Kawahara Takashi , Kojima Takahiro , Nishiyama Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesTo evaluate the histologic findings and clinical outcomes of post‐chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for advanced germ cell tumor.MethodsWe analyzed the medical records of 66 patients who underwent post‐chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection between 2005 and 2019 at Tsukuba University Hospital.ResultsThe proportions of necrosis, teratoma, and viable germ cell tumor in the specimens were 62.1%, 36.4%, and 1.5%, respectively. The 5‐year progression‐free and overall survival rates were 82.3% and 91.3%, respectively. The 5‐year overall survival rate of patients with residual teratoma was significantly worse than that of patients with necrosis only (74.1% vs 100%). Overall, three patients died: one from cancer and two from teratoma with somatic‐type malignancy. Of these, two patients relapsed after incomplete resection of residual teratoma. When limited to patients with completely resected teratoma, the 5‐year overall survival rate was 91.7%, which did not differ from that for patients with necrosis only. Multivariate analysis showed that presence of teratoma in the primary site and decrease in retroperitoneal lymph node mass to less than 50% of the initial tumor size were independent factors for residual teratoma. However, the absence of these factors could not reliably predict necrosis only in retroperitoneal lymph node dissection specimens.ConclusionsIn our series, 98% of post‐chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection pathology was either necrosis or teratoma, with viable germ cell tumor only found in 2% of patients. Residual teratoma was associated with poorer prognosis, especially in cases of incomplete resection.
Can we get them moving? The impact of mobility assistance on cross‐country migration of young adults in Europe
Authors: Fervers Lukas , Ilg Lena 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCross‐country migration in Europe can have multiple advantages. Among others, it can function as a buffer against economic downturns that come along with inferior employment and education opportunities, especially for young adults. However, cross‐country mobility of young adults in Europe remains low, as language barriers, the loss of social ties or cultural differences create obstacles for migration. Against this background, Germany has launched a mobility assistance programme that supports young adults from EU member states who wish to enter the dual education system in Germany. To assess the causal impact of this programme, we compare migration flows to Germany from participating and non‐participating countries in a difference‐in‐differences framework. Our results reveal a substantial programme effect that is larger for countries with above‐average youth unemployment rates. These results add to previous migration research and reveal that migration flows are indeed sensitive to policy initiatives aimed at increasing migration.
SARS‐CoV‐2 re‐infection versus prolonged shedding: A case series
Authors: Nicholson Erin G. , Avadhanula Vasanthi , Fragoso Sonia , Stroh Rachel , Ye Xunyan , Bond Nanette , Santarcangelo Patricia , Stroh John , Piedra Pedro A 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSince the start of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic, it has been difficult to differentiate between SARS‐CoV‐2 re‐infection and prolonged RNA shedding. In this report, we identified patients with positive RT‐PCR results for SARS‐CoV‐2 ≥70 days apart. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and criteria were applied to discern whether the presentation was consistent with SARS‐CoV‐2 re‐infection or prolonged viral RNA shedding. Eleven individuals met the initial testing criteria, of which, seven met at least one criteria for re‐infection and four were consistent with prolonged RNA shedding. These data demonstrate the need for criteria to differentiate SARS‐CoV‐2 re‐infection from prolonged RNA shedding.
Segmental branches emanating from saphenous nerve morphing into sympathetic trunks for innervation of saphenous artery and its clinical implication for arterial sympathectomy
Authors: Xie Yun , Fang Fang , Lin Peisen , Zhang Zhiming , Zhuang Yuehong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSympathectomy of arteries has been adopted for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease and Raynaud's disease. However, the exact route for sympathetic axons to reach peripheral arteries awaits further investigation that could pave the way for development of new surgical strategies. In this study, saphenous neurovascular bundles from 10 neonatal Sprague‐Dawley rats first were harvested for whole‐mount immunostaining to show sympathetic innervation pattern of the artery. Secondly, 40 Sprague‐Dawley male rats weighing 350 to 400 g were assigned to five groups, receiving either sham, perivascular sympathectomy, nerve‐artery separation, nerve transection in the saphenous neurovascular bundle, or lumbar sympathectomy surgery that removes the lumbar sympathetic trunks. Immediately after surgery, the arterial perfusion and diameter were measured using laser speckling contrast imaging, and 1 week later the saphenous neurovascular bundles were harvested for immunostaining using antibodies against TH, neuron‐specific β‐tubulin (Tuj 1), and α‐SMA to show the presence or absence of the TH‐immuopositive staining in the adventitia. The differences among the five groups were determined using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA). We found that an average of 2.8 ± 0.8 branches with a diameter of 4.8 ± 1.2 μm derived from the saphenous nerve that morphed into a primary and a secondary sympathetic trunk for innervation of the saphenous artery. Nerve‐artery separation, nerve transection, and lumbar sympathectomy could eradicate TH‐immunopositive staining of the artery, resulting, respectively, in a 12%, 36%, and 59% increase in diameter (P < .05), and a 52%, 63%, and 201% increase in perfusion compared with sham surgery (P < .01). In contrast, perivascular sympathectomy did not have a significant impact on the TH‐immunopositive staining, the diameter, and perfusion of the distal part of the artery (P > .05). We conclude that the sympathetic innervation of an artery derives from segmental branches given off from its accompanying nerve. Nerve‐artery disconnection is a theoretic option in sympathectomy of an artery.
Structural and magnetic behavior of zirconia‐magnetic particles and zirconia‐graphene composite ceramics
Authors: Alves Hugo P. A. , Alves Junior Rubens , Carvalho Bruno R. , Correa Marcio A. , Acchar Wilson 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIncorporating magnetic materials in ceramic matrices becomes an attractive topic due to its versatility and wide range of applications. Therefore, this work aims to produce zirconia‐magnetic particles and zirconia‐graphene composites, investigating their structural and magnetic properties. The ceramic composites were produced by the tape casting technique and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and magnetic measurements. The microstructural characterization showed monoclinic and tetragonal zirconia phases from the zirconia powder and the magnetite and hematite phases from the magnetic particles. Three peaks of characteristics known as band D, G, and 2D evidenced the presence of graphene. The morphology of the zirconia‐magnetic particles and zirconia‐graphene composites showed grains with irregular shapes and varying sizes; however, the zirconia‐graphene composite showed the presence of pores and agglomerates due to the plasma heat‐treatment process. The uniform dispersion of the elements in both ceramic composites confirmed the efficiency of the applied method. The magnetic characterizations of the green and sintered zirconia‐magnetic particles and zirconia‐graphene composites were studied in a wide range of magnetic fields and temperatures (5 to 300 K). Before sintering, the magnetite phase commanded the magnetic response of the zirconia‐magnetic particles composite, showing a ferrimagnetic behavior, after sintering, the hematite phase content increased by approximately 27%, causing a change in the ferrimagnetic order to antiferromagnetic. It was found that the 1% graphene insertion in the zirconia ceramic composite was responsible for the ferromagnetic behavior of the sintered composite. Ceramic composites become future candidates for technological applications in spintronic devices and magnetic storage.