bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A tutorial on Bayesian multi-model linear regression with BAS and JASP
Authors: Bergh Don van den , Clyde Merlise A. , Gupta Akash R. Komarlu Narendra , de Jong Tim , Gronau Quentin F. , Marsman Maarten , Ly Alexander , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLinear regression analyses commonly involve two consecutive stages of statistical inquiry. In the first stage, a single ‘best’ model is defined by a specific selection of relevant predictors; in the second stage, the regression coefficients of the winning model are used for prediction and for inference concerning the importance of the predictors. However, such second-stage inference ignores the model uncertainty from the first stage, resulting in overconfident parameter estimates that generalize poorly. These drawbacks can be overcome by model averaging, a technique that retains all models for inference, weighting each model’s contribution by its posterior probability. Although conceptually straightforward, model averaging is rarely used in applied research, possibly due to the lack of easily accessible software. To bridge the gap between theory and practice, we provide a tutorial on linear regression using Bayesian model averaging in , based on the BAS package in . Firstly, we provide theoretical background on linear regression, Bayesian inference, and Bayesian model averaging. Secondly, we demonstrate the method on an example data set from the World Happiness Report. Lastly, we discuss limitations of model averaging and directions for dealing with violations of model assumptions.
The Dynamics of Immunological Indices in Patients with Posttraumatic Osteomyelitis and Trophic Disoders of the Shin Tissues
Authors: Dekhtiarenko N.O. , Hrytsai M.P. , Tsokalo V.M. 
Published: April 2021

Summary. The article deals with the study of immune status of patients with osteomyelitis and trophic disorders of the shin tissues.
Objective: to evaluate the immune status of patients with shin-bone osteomyelitis and distrophic processes, and to study dynamics of immunological indices after surgical interventions (clearing and reconstructive restoring surgeries).
Materials and Methods. The immune status of 52 patients with posttraumatic osteomyelitis and trophic disorders of the shin tissues was studied. Clinical, immunological, and statistical research methods were used.
Results. The study revealed changes in immune defence and in trophic processes in tissues (bones, skin, and muscles) of the damaged extremity. Thus, the presence of changes in the immune status was established: a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes, T-helpers, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, as well as changes in the humoral immune system – a decrease in immunoglobulins M and G levels and an increace in the level of circulating immune complexes.
Conclusions. Changes in systemic immunity and local trophic disorders revealed in patients mutually aggravate the course of the pathological process and complicate its elimination.
The Method of Determining Clinical and Roentgenogrammetric Indicators of Hip Joint in Patients with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Hoshko V.Yu. , Naumenko N.O. , Yatsuliak M.B. , Cheverda A.I. , Nemesh M.M. , Martsyniak S.M. 
Published: April 2021

Summary. There is no doubt that obtaining the true parameters of the hip joint makes it possible to determine the tactics of treatment of patients with cerebral palsy and it is a relevant object of studying.
Objective: to improve the results of diagnostics of pathology of the hip joint in patients with cerebral palsy by developing our own method.
Materials and Methods. The study included 20 patients (40 joints): 10 boys and 10 girls. Sixteen joints were operated on. The patients were 3-15 years of age. Femoral torsion according to Ruwe was clinically determined in all the patients; also, our own method for determining the clinical and roentgenogrammetric parameters of the hip joint (utility model patent No. 137567) was used.
Results. Our own method is simple, available and cheap; it may be used in all medical institutions with X-ray rooms for the diagnosis of hip joint pathology, as well as for screening.
Conclusions. Our own method is simple and reliable for determining the parameters of the hip joint in patients with cerebral palsy (femoral torsion, neck shaft angle, Wiberg's angle, Reimer's index, vertical migration index, acetabular angle, the angle of inclination of the acetabulum) in patients with cerebral palsy. Obtaining radiographic parameters of both hip joints after only one radiograph also significantly reduce the radiation load on the patient, since patients with cerebral palsy are the subject of screening throughout the entire period of their development. This method can be also applied during the examination and screening the patients with developmental disorders and other diseases of the hip joint.
A Stochastic Theory of the Hierarchical Clustering. II. Halo Progenitor Mass Function and Large-scale Bias
Authors: Lapi Andrea , Danese Luigi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We generalize the stochastic theory of hierarchical clustering presented in Paper I by Lapi & Danese to derive the (conditional) halo progenitor mass function and the related large-scale bias. Specifically, we present a stochastic differential equation that describes fluctuations in the mass growth of progenitor halos of given descendant mass and redshift, as driven by a multiplicative Gaussian white noise involving the power spectrum and the spherical collapse threshold of density perturbations. We demonstrate that, as cosmic time passes, the noise yields an average drift of the progenitors toward larger masses, which quantitatively renders the expectation from the standard extended Press and Schechter (EPS) theory. We solve the Fokker–Planck equation associated with the stochastic dynamics, and obtain as an exact, stationary solution, the EPS progenitor mass function. Then we introduce a modification of the stochastic equation in terms of a mass-dependent collapse threshold modulating the noise, and solve analytically the associated Fokker–Planck equation for the progenitor mass function. The latter is found to be in excellent agreement with the outcomes of N-body simulations; even more remarkably, this is achieved with the same shape of the collapse threshold used in Paper I to reproduce the halo mass function. Finally, we exploit the above results to compute the large-scale halo bias, and find it in pleasing agreement with the N-body outcomes. All in all, the present paper illustrates that the stochastic theory of hierarchical clustering introduced in Paper I can describe effectively not only halos’ abundance, but also their progenitor distribution and their correlation with the large-scale environment across cosmic times.
Avoiding the Geometric Boundary Effect in Shear Measurement
Authors: Wang Haoran , Zhang Jun , Li Hekun , Shen Zhi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In image processing, source detections are inevitably affected by the presence of the geometric boundaries in the images, including the physical boundaries of the CCD, and the boundaries of masked regions due to column defects, bright diffraction spikes, etc. These boundary conditions make the source detection process not statistically isotropic and can lead to additive shear bias near the boundaries. We build a phenomenological model to understand the bias, and propose a simple method to effectively eliminate the influence of geometric boundaries on shear measurement. We demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of this method using both simulations and the z-band imaging data from the third data release of the DECam Legacy Survey.
Stellar Parameterization of LAMOST M Dwarf Stars
Authors: Li Jiadong , Liu Chao , Zhang Bo , Tian Hao , Qiu Dan , Tian Haijun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The M dwarf stars are the most common stars in the Galaxy, dominating the population of the Galaxy at faint magnitudes. Precise and accurate stellar parameters for M dwarfs are of crucial importance for many studies. However, the atmospheric parameters of M dwarf stars are difficult to determine. In this paper, we present a catalog of the spectroscopic stellar parameters (T
eff and [M/H]) of ∼300,000 M dwarf stars observed by both LAMOST and Gaia using the Stellar LAbel Machine (SLAM). We train a SLAM model using LAMOST spectra with APOGEE Data Release 16 labels with 2800 K < T
eff < 4500K and −2 dex < [M/H] < 0.5 dex. The SLAM T
eff is in agreement to within ∼50 K compared to the previous study determined by APOGEE observations, and the SLAM [M/H] agrees within 0.12 dex compared to the APOGEE observation. We also set up a SLAM model trained by the BT-Settl atmospheric model with random uncertainties (in cross validation) to 60 K and agreeing within ∼90 K compared to previous studies.
Prediction of COVID-19 Confirmed Cases in Indo-Pak Sub-Continent
Authors: Aslam Faheem , Awan Tahir Mumtaz , Khan Ruqia , Aslam Maira , Tariq Mohmand Yasir 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The global COVID-19 pandemic originated from the Chinese city of Wuhan and gradually reached every end of the world. It has adversely affected economies of developed as well as underdeveloped countries, the subcontinent has been hit badly by the negative consequences of deadliest coronavirus. People are getting affected by the virus in large numbers and cases in growing on daily bases.
Methodology: The present study employs Automatic ARIMA through R package “forecast”, to predict the growing number of cases for upcoming 14 days starting on 1st July 2020 and ending on 14 July 2020. Using 107 daily observations of the confirmed cases of COVID-19, it seems an important concern to predict the cases to help governments of the region plan accordingly.
Results: The outcomes of the study indicate that ARIMA applied on the sample rationally predicts the confirmed cases of coronavirus for next 14 days in the subcontinent. An increased trend is observed for Pakistan and India with constant cases for Bangladesh in the coming 14 days.
Conclusions: Pakistan is having the highest predicted growth rate in terms of cases followed by India. Therefore, the governments need to build adequate policies in order to contain the spread of the virus.
Time Series Modelling and Simulating the Lockdown Scenarios of COVID-19 in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Abdullah Milad , Kolo Kamal , Aspoukeh Peyman , Hamad Rahel , Bailey James R 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Since the first published cases of the Coronavirus disease known as COVID-19 in the city of Wuhan Hubei Province in China, up until to the time of preparation of this report in mid-September 2020, more than 30 million people have been infected all over the world. In March 2020, more than 300,000 cases have been reported all over Iraq. This study aims to represent data analysis, modelling and forecasting approaches to the presented data in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Methodology: The project involves mathematical models for forecasting and artificial simulations using particles. In the study, time series models including Simple Exponential Model, Holt’s Method and Brown’s Models have been used for the forecasting of the future potential rates in the area. A series of simulations have been conducted to observe the possibilities of virus spread rates in a virtual world which represents a quarter of Erbil. Results: The outcome of the study shows how the disease have spread in Kurdistan, and what are the current rates to compare with neighbour regions. The modelling clearly shows that with cases still sporadically appearing, the risk of second and third waves of infections is high. Conclusions: Therefore, the regional government must reduce unnecessary gatherings to the lowest possible level. A scientific registry system of disease statistics must be put in place and rigorously updated all the times. We recommend the officials use a nationwide database provided to the public to monitor movement of every infected individual, to prevent further spread.
Academic–Service Partnerships: Increasing the Advanced Nurse Workforce
Authors: Karikari-Martin Pauline , Zapata Daniela , Hesgrove Brandon , Murray Clancy Bertane , Kauffman Karen 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Clinical education placement for advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) students is challenging for most graduate schools of nursing. This study describes the experiences of hospitals that formed academic–service partnerships to facilitate clinical education placement for APRN students.

Method:
Hospital staff, schools of nursing administration and clinical faculty staff, clinical preceptors, and APRN students participated in the focus group and interview sessions during the evaluation of the Graduate Nurse Education demonstration project.

Results:
Content analysis resulted in seven themes: APRN Student Enrollment, Clinical Placements/Process, Clinical Education Sites, Clinical Preceptors, Communication and Collaboration, Sustainability, and Funding Process.

Conclusion:

Future partnerships between hospitals, schools of nursing, and clinical education sites should consider collaborating in multiple regions to increase enrollment and clinical education placement opportunities for APRN students.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(4):190–195.]
Cocreating Programmable Diagnostic Simulation: Devices to Enhance Reality in Vital Sign Measurement
Authors: Benson Paul , Power Tamara , Agudera Florentino , Hayes Carolyn 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Providing authentic educational experiences in clinical teaching laboratories or health care simulation environments is fundamental to producing optimum learning. However, some simulated diagnostic devices are price prohibitive or yet to be developed. This article explores a collaborative effort between health academics and engineering interns to develop cost-effective, authentic devices that overcome limitations of those currently available.

Method:
Simulated patient tympanic thermometer and pulse oximetry devices were developed for use in clinical teaching laboratories and health care simulation environments.

Results:
The tympanic thermometers and pulse oximetry probes provide programmable temperature, pulse, and oxygen saturation for use with any commercially available manikins or standardized patients.

Conclusion:

Authentic simulated diagnostic devices can enhance reality and foster immersion in clinical simulation scenarios. Sharing cost-effective innovations designed to address the simulation-specific limitations of commercially available diagnostic devices provides health care educators with solutions that can enhance the authenticity of clinical teaching experiences for participants.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(4):235–239.]
SKP2-Promoted Ubiquitination of FOXO3 Promotes the Development of Asthma
Authors: Liu Bing , Wang Junxia , Ren Zhijuan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Asthma is a respiratory disease with a dramatically increasing incidence globally. The present study explored the roles of S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) in asthma and their involvement in the Krüppel-like factor 15–lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (KLF15–LRP5) axis. SKP2 expression in patients with asthma and OVA-induced asthmatic Sprague Dawley rats was detected by reverse transcription quantitative PCR and Western blot assays. Alterations in SKP2 and LRP5 expression were evaluated in OVA-induced asthmatic rats, followed by measurement of inflammatory cytokines using ELISA and airway resistance using a methacholine challenge test. We applied TGF-β1 to establish the airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) proliferation model of asthma. The FOXO3 ubiquitination and changes in cell biological behaviors were detected using immunoprecipitation, MTT, and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays. Flow cytometry was adopted to detect cell cycle, and ELISA was used to measure the concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE in rat bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. SKP2 was highly expressed and FOXO3 was poorly expressed in patients with asthma and in OVA-induced asthmatic rats. SKP2 silencing decreased IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE expression in rat bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, whereas SKP2 enhanced FOXO3 ubiquitination to upregulate KLF15, which bound to the LRP5 promoter in TGF-β1–induced ASMCs and increased LRP5 expression. SKP2 enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in the OVA-induced rat model and augmented TGF-β1–induced ASMC proliferation by inhibiting the FOXO3/KLF15/LRP5 axis. Additionally, overexpressed SKP2 resulted in reduced numbers of ASMCs in the G1 phase but increased numbers in the G2/M phase. Collectively, we show that SKP2 promotes FOXO3 ubiquitination to suppress the KLF15-LRP5 axis, thereby exacerbating asthma.
Aktuelle Fragen der deutschen Minderheitenforschung in Ungarn
Authors: Knipf-Komlósi Elisabeth , Müller Márta 
Published: April 2021

Nach der Klärung der soziolinguistischen Merkmale der Sprachkonstellationen von ungarndeutschen Minderheitensprecherinnen und -sprechern wird im Beitrag der Versuch unternommen, durch Belege aus sprachbiografischen Interviews zu untermauern, welches Potenzial die Auseinandersetzung mit den Erfahrungen, Einstellungen, Verhaltens- und Handlungsmustern von Minderheitensprechern des Deutschen in Ungarn birgt, die die Sprecherinnen und Sprecher im Laufe ihres Lebens entwickelt haben.
Es wird darauf eingegangen, welche variablen kommunikativen Praktiken für Minderheitensprecher charakteristisch sind, wie sich ihr sprachliches Umfeld im Laufe ihrer Biografie gestaltete, wie sie diese Lebensphasen sprachlich erlebt haben und heute bewerten, bzw. welchen Nutzen sie ihrer Zweisprachigkeit beimessen.
Recent advances in the pathophysiology and management of sepsis: a review
Authors: Adegboro B.A. , Imran J. , Abayomi S.A. , Sanni E.O. , Biliaminu S.A. 
Published: April 2021

Sepsis is a syndrome consisting of physiological, pathological and biochemical anomalies caused by infectious agents. It causes clinical organ dysfunction, which is identified by an acute increase in the Sequential (sepsis-related) Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score of two or more points. SOFA score is a score of three components that can be easily used at the bedside to track the clinical status of a patient while on admission, and these are altered respiratory rate of ≥ 22 breaths/minute, altered mental status, and systolic blood pressure of ≤ 100 mmHg. A patient with SOFA score of ≥ 2 has an attributable 2 - 25-fold increased risk of mortality compared to a patient with SOFA score of ˂ 2. This present review provides information on the new definition of sepsis and septic shock, aetiology, pathophysiology, biochemical, pathological and haematological changes, morbidity and mortality parameters, management, andprognostic factors in patients with sepsis.
Key words: Sepsis, septic shock, SOFA score, pathophysiology, management bundles
Population density dynamics of Pachymelania byronensis (Wood, 1828) (Gastropoda: Thiaridae) in the Cross River, Nigeria
Authors: King R.P. , Akpan B.E. 
Published: April 2021

The ecology of an exploited population of the commercially important molluscan species, Pachymelania byronensis (Wood, 1828) was studied (January-December, 2018) in the lower Cross River, Nigeria, using density [number per hectare (N. ha-1)] as measure of stock abundance. The results revealed that the river supports a considerable stock of the gastropod (density range: Drange = 508000 – 12510000 N. ha-1; mean: Dmean = 4849833N.ha-1). The density decreased by 12002N. ha-1 (i.e. 10001667N. ha-1 mo-1) between January and December, a reflection of the increasing human exploitation as the year progressed. However, the monthly density changes scored low stochasticity (randomness), a product of the resilience of the population to human exploitation. The monthly densities were significantly correlated with river limnological parameters, including surface temperature, discharge, water level, transparency, dissolved oxygen concentration and hydrogen ion concentration. The coefficients of determination showed the decreasing order of theimportance of these parameters as: transparency (67.8%), water level (57.0%), surface temperature (43.5%), pH (40.5%), dissolved oxygen concentration (36.1%) and discharge (34.3%). The monthly values of biotic potential (rmax) were used to show trends in the population dynamics. Major density decreases were noted in February (rmax = -5.456) and December (rmax = -2.931) whereas notable density increases were recorded in January (rmax = + 3.204) and November (rmax = + 3.052). The value of the annual mean biotic potential (mean: rmax(mean) = -0.191) portrayed the general effect of heavy human exploitation on the mollusc. Hence, the gastropod total mortality rate was high (Z = -3.204 yr-1) The river carrying capacity of the gastropod was estimated at 12510000N ha-1. The monthly biotic potential correlated significantly with habitat temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration, two important life support parameters.
Keywords: Pachymelania byronensis; density; biotic potential; exploitation; Cross River; Nigeria.
Diversity and abundance of cichlids in Ikere Gorge Reservoir, Iseyin, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ajagbe S.O. , Ajagbe R.O. , Ariwoola O.S. , Abdulazeez F.I. , Oyewole O.O. , Ojubolamo M.T. , Olomola A.O. , Oyekan O.O. , Oke O.S. 
Published: April 2021

Cichlids are highly abundant and commercially important fish in freshwater ecosystems in Nigeria. This study examined the diversity and abundance of cichlids in Ikere Gorge Reservoir. Four fishing villages were randomly selected from 12 fishing villages in Ikere Gorge Reservoir as sampling sites. Cichlids were sampled randomly and examined from fishermen catch in each selected fishing village; were identified with appropriate keys; the weight and abundance of the catches were recorded. The data obtained was subjected to descriptive statistical analysis using SPSS (Version 20.0) software to determine the abundance of fish species. Fish species diversity was carried out by using Palaeontological Statistics (PAST). Eight species of cichlids were sampled in Ikere Gorge but Sarotherodon galilaeus was the most abundant species while the least abundant species was Pelmatolapia mariae. It was observed that, cichlids were abundant in rainy season than in the dry season. Likewise, cichlids were abundant in Ikere-gorge reservoir but they have low diversity. This may be as a result of unsustainable fishing pressure and deforestation of riparian forest and sedimentation in Ikere-gorge reservoir. Therefore, to maintain sustainable fishing activities and improve cichlids population in Ikeregorge reservoir, unsustainable activities in and around Ikere Gorge reservoir should be put under control.
Keywords: Cichlidae; freshwater species; dominant; Sarotherodon galilaeus; Pelmatolapia mariae.
PROBLEMATIC INTERNET USE (PIU) IDENTIFICATION USING THE BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL APPROACH IN EMERGING ADULTHOOD
Authors: Rahayu Aneke Dewi , Prasetyoaji Ari 
Published: April 2021

Individuals with Problematic Internet Use (PIU) who use the internet excessively, it gave the causes of the difficulties to control using the internet and bad impact of physical and mental disorder. The research aims to show the relationship among biological, psychological, and social factors with PIU so it can be created some relation model which explain about this phenomenon. Simple random sampling is a sampling technique used of this research. Subjects used of this research were 403 individuals who were in the age of emerging adulthood. Data collection method used in this research is PIU and bio psychosocial scale which consists of three parts are biology, psychology, and social. Based on the data processing, a relationship model among biology, psychology, social, and PIU where the relationship model has a chi square score of 0.102 with a probability score of 0.061, a CMIN / DF score of 1.518, a GFI of 0.919, an AGFI of 0.971, a CFI equal to 1.00, TLI of 0.90, and the score of RMSEA 0.072 so the model was proposed as strong and acceptable category. The model shows strongest relationship is the relationship between social and PIU was 0.47, psychology with PIU was 0.22, and biology with PIU was 0.12.