bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Alkali Resistance Research of Cyclotriphosphazene Based Hexa‐Imidazole Compound Functionalized Addition‐Type Polynorbornene Anion Exchange Membranes
Authors: Zhang Wenjun , He Xiaohui , Chen Defu , Feng Ling , Li Quan , Ye Jia , Fu Zhihui , Yu Nengquan , Huang Longming 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAnion exchange membranes (AEMs) are extensively utilized across various domains due to their remarkable performance. Nonetheless, AEMs continue to encounter significant challenges related to thermal stability, alkaline stability, and ion conductivity. Advanced molecular design and the precise incorporation of functional groups are pivotal for enhancing their properties. In this work, norbornene monomer was produced from 5‐norbornene‐2‐methanol. One monomer featured an extensive alkyl side chain, while the other included a long bromine side chain. These monomers were subsequently used to synthesize a functional diblock polynorbornene copolymer. Finally, cyclotriphosphazene based hexa‐imidazole compounds were designed using cyclotriphosphazene groups and crosslinked with long, flexible side chains by the Menschutkin reaction. The flexible side chain structure and block structure effectively promoted phase separation, while the high concentration of imidazole ion groups facilitated aggregation into distinct ion domains. As a result, a series of anion exchange membranes (aPNB‐CTPP‐2MI‐x) fabricated using this approach demonstrated excellent ionic conductivity, alkaline, and heat resistance. Notably, the aPNB‐CTPP‐2MI‐1.75 membrane achieved an ionic conductivity exceeding 100 mS cm−1 at 80°C, with a swelling degree of only 11.96%. Even after 576 h of immersion in 1 M NaOH solution (80°C), the ionic conductivity remained above 86.83%.
A study of drag‐and‐drop query refinement and query history visualization for mobile exploratory search
Authors: Payandeh Mohammad Hasan , Hoeber Orland , Boon Miriam , Storie Dale , Ramshaw Veronica 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhen undertaking complex search scenarios, the underlying information need cannot be satisfied by finding a single optimal resource; instead, searchers need to engage in exploratory search processes to find multiple resources by iteratively revising and reformulation their queries. This process of query refinement is particularly challenging when using a mobile device, where typing is difficult. Furthermore, in mobile search contexts interruptions can lead to searchers losing track of what they were doing. To address these challenges, we designed a public digital library search interface for mobile devices that includes two novel features: drag‐and‐drop query refinement and query history visualization. To assess the value of this interface compared to a typical baseline, we conducted a controlled laboratory study with 32 participants that included pursuing complex search scenarios, being interrupted in the midst of the search, and resuming the search after the interruption. While participants took more time, they generated longer queries and reported positive subjective opinions about the usability of the exploratory search and task resumption features, along with a greater increase in certainty. These findings show the value of leveraging new touch‐based interaction mechanisms within mobile search contexts, and the benefits that visualization can bring to supporting search task resumption.
Harnessing Microbial Signal Transduction Systems in Natural and Synthetic Consortia for Biotechnological Applications
Authors: Zahir Ahmadullah , Okorie Peter A. , Nwobasi Veronica N. , David Esther I. , Nwankwegu Rita O. , Azi Fidelis 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSignal transduction is crucial for communication and cellular response in microbial communities. Consortia rely on it for effective communication, responding to changing environmental conditions, establishing community structures, and performing collective behaviors. Microbial signal transduction can be through quorum sensing (QS), two‐component signal transduction systems, biofilm formation, nutrient sensing, chemotaxis, horizontal gene transfer stress response, and so forth. The consortium uses small signaling molecules in QS to regulate gene expression and coordinate intercellular communication and behaviors. Biofilm formation allows cells to adhere and aggregate, promoting species interactions and environmental stress resistance. Chemotaxis enables directional movement toward or away from chemical gradients, promoting efficient resource utilization and community organization within the consortium. In recent years, synthetic microbial consortia have gained attention for their potential applications in biotechnology and bioremediation. Understanding signal transduction in natural and synthetic microbial consortia is important for gaining insights into community dynamics, evolution, and ecological function. It can provide strategies for biotechnological innovation for enhancing biosensors, biodegradation, bioenergy efficiency, and waste reduction. This review provides compelling insight that will advance our understanding of microbial signal transduction dynamics and its role in orchestrating microbial interactions, which facilitate coordination, cooperation, gene expression, resource allocation, and trigger specific responses that determine community success.
Recent Progress of Artificial Cilia: From Bioinspired Design, Facile Fabrication to Practical Application†
Authors: Li Yingbo , Zhao Ran , Meng Jingxin 
Published: December 2024

Comprehensive SummaryAs well known, cilia play an irreplaceable role in sensing and movement of natural organisms because they can respond to external signals and generate net flow in complex environments. Based on these findings, scientists further explored the functions of natural cilia and have developed many artificial cilia in the past nearly thirty years. This review provides an overview of recent progress of artificial cilia. Firstly, we summarize the characteristics of natural cilia. Subsequently, we introduce the fabrication methods including template, magnetic assembly, lithography, and 3D printing. Then we discuss the stimulus actuation of artificial cilia from two major modes: contact control and remote control. In addition, five typical types of applications, including adhesion regulation, intelligent control, mobile microrobot, biological sensor and anti‐counterfeiting, were reviewed in detail. Finally, we present the challenges and future development in the fields of advanced artificial cilia.Key ScientistsFrom 1994 to 1997, research teams including Bohringer, Donald, and Macdonald from Cornell University and Suh and Kovacs from Stanford University reported on the application of artificial cilia in the field of micro‐electro‐mechanical systems (MEMS) technology,[1‐3] while Fujita from the University of Tokyo and Stemme from KTH were also conducting research in artificial cilia fields at the same time. In 2006, Krijnen's team designed a combination of cricket cerci cilia and MEMS technology to further extend the application of artificial cilia to flow sensors.[4] In 2007, Superfine's crew introduced the polycarbonate track‐etched (PCTE) membrane method into the fabrication of artificial cilia, achieving the fabrication of high aspect ratio cilia in a liquid free environment.[5] Since 2008, Toonder's lab has been focusing on the research of artificial cilia and have made outstanding contributions in lab on chip and achieve various stimuli responsive actuation of artificial cilia.[6‐8] In 2010, Alexeev's research team used computer simulations to design a hydrodynamic model of ciliary strike.[9] Since 2017, Jiang and his coworkers have made progress in the application of directional manipulation of artificial cilia, including research on solids, droplets and bubbles.[10‐13] In 2020—2024, Sitti's research group has introduced cilia into the field of bioinspired microrobot and realized the programmed actuation of artificial cilia from the perspectives of electricity, photothermal and magnetic.[14‐19] In 2022, Jeong's group innovated the traditional magnetic assembly method to fabricate three‐dimensional nanoscale cilia with regular spatial distribution and controllable geometry.[20‐21]
Assembly of Homochiral Titanium‐Oxo Clusters Protected by in situ Generated Chiral Ligands for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Activity
Authors: Huang Nahui , Hou Jinle , Wang Ye , Fei Pengfei , Zhang Dongxu , Wang Zhi , Qu Konggang , Zhang Xianxi , Sun Di 
Published: December 2024

Comprehensive SummaryThe synthesis of titanium oxo clusters (TOCs) with both chirality and photoactivity is urgently needed to expand their applications. However, this remains a significant challenge due to synthetic difficulties and limitations in chiral ligand selection. In this work, we have isolated two pairs of enantiomeric TOCs, [Ti3(μ3‐O)(R/S‐L1)2(iPrO)6] (R/S‐Ti3; iPrOH = isopropanol, R/S‐L1 = R/S‐2'‐hydroxy‐[1,1'‐ binaphthalen]‐2‐yl isopropyl hydrogenphosphate) and [Ti4(μ2‐O)(μ4‐O)(R/S‐L2)2(EtO)8] (R/S‐Ti4; EtOH = ethanol, R/S‐L2 = R/S‐2'‐hydroxy‐[1,1'‐binaphthalen]‐2‐yl ethyl hydrogenphosphate), via an in situ ligand transformation approach. The R/S‐L1 and R/S‐L2 ligands were obtained by alcoholysis of R/S‐L (R/S‐1,1'‐binaphthyl‐2,2'‐diyl hydrogenphosphate) in different reaction solvents. These ligands, with additional coordination sites, facilitated the formation of novel TOCs and improved their stability. Importantly, these clusters exhibited exceptional stability in solid state and maintained appreciable stability in solution. Furthermore, the introduction of chiral ligands not only imparts a homochiral nature to R/S‐Ti3 and R/S‐Ti4 but also confers upon them superior photoelectric properties due to ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT) phenomena, as confirmed by theoretical calculations. This study offers a valuable synthetic strategy for preparing photoactive chiral TOCs, and we anticipate it will inspire new discoveries in the field of chiral metal nanoclusters.
A review on fruit and vegetable processing using traditional and novel methods
Authors: Srivastava Prashant Kumar , Sit Nandan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFruits and vegetables are essential for human health, providing superior nutritional benefits while contributing to a sustainable approach that mitigates the impact of climate change. However, their high moisture content makes them highly perishable, leading to significant postharvest losses. As a result, extending their shelf life and maintaining quality are critical challenges that require effective processing techniques. Traditional methods such as blanching, pasteurization, and drying are commonly employed to inhibit microbial growth and enzyme activity. However, these techniques often involve high temperatures, which can negatively affect the quality, structure, and nutrient content of heat‐sensitive produce. To overcome these limitations, innovative non‐thermal technologies—including high‐pressure processing (HPP), pulsed electric fields (PEF), ohmic heating, cold plasma, and ultraviolet (UV) treatments—are gaining attention. These methods preserve nutrient content more effectively and enhance sensory attributes such as color, texture, and flavor, while also reducing processing times, making them suitable for commercial applications. This review provides a comprehensive examination of both traditional and novel processing methods for fruits and vegetables, focussing on their mechanisms, advantages, and limitations. Furthermore, it explores the potential of combining conventional and emerging techniques to develop more sustainable processing solutions that cater to the growing consumer demand for high‐quality, nutrient‐rich foods.
Incubating Ideas: A Typology of Design Thinking Academic Centers in American Higher Education
Authors: Konkel Margaret T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTwenty years after the founding of the Hasso–Plattner Institute of Design (the d.School) at Stanford University, a wide range of academic centers and institutes have been established to prioritize innovation, creativity, and design thinking. This qualitative study presents a typology of these centers across the United States, drawing on “About Us” language from 44 entities. Typologies drawn from the data analysis position the centers as innovators in engaging design to: reimagine higher education, cultivate a strong societal purpose or mission, develop the student as an entrepreneur, develop the student as a designer, confront problems and create solutions, support making as a learning experience, and develop the field of design.
Choosing the abdominal incision for the surgical management of severe placenta accreta spectrum: Patient satisfaction and long‐term safety of the Soleymani and Collins transverse abdominal incision
Authors: Soleymani majd Hooman , Aggarwal Aakriti , Ismail Lamiese , Collins Annie E. , Supramaniam Prasanna , Lim Lee , Addley Susan , Hunter Alicia , Pert Lexie , Collins Sally L. 
Published: December 2024

SynopsisComparing a novel transverse abdominal entry technique to midline laparotomy for managing severe placenta accreta spectrum, demonstrating excellent long‐term outcome and improved patient satisfaction.
High‐intensity ultrasound treatment of shiitake mushroom protein isolate: effects on physicochemical, structural properties, and functional performance
Authors: Cao Qinghui , Du Hongying 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith increasing consumer demand for healthy and sustainable food, plant proteins have been used widely in meat substitutes, dairy alternatives, and functional foods. However, in comparison with animal proteins, plant proteins often exhibit weaker functional properties, such as solubility, emulsifying, and gelation, which limit their application in food processing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high‐intensity ultrasound treatments (HIUTs) on the physicochemical properties, structural characteristics, emulsifying properties, and antioxidant capacity of shiitake mushroom protein isolate (SMPI). This study investigates how HIUTs affect SMPI. It also provides insights into potential applications within the food industry.ResultsWhen treated with a 300 W intensity ultrasound, SMPI exhibited higher solubility, water‐holding capacity (WHC), oil‐holding capacity (OHC), and antioxidant activity in comparison with the control (0 W). These results indicate that HIUT can enhance the functional properties of SMPI significantly. The molecular structure of SMPI after ultrasound treatment also underwent significant changes, suggesting that the treatment affects not only the physical properties but also the spatial conformation of SMPI. The concentration of free sulfhydryl (‐FSH) group concentrations increased from 3.615 ± 0.080 μmol g−1 to 13.020 ± 0.061 μmol g−1, and the emulsifying ability index (EAI) significant increased, indicating that a significant change produced in the tertiary structure of SMPI.ConclusionThe findings suggest that ultrasonic treatment can alter the physicochemical and functional attributes of SMPI significantly, increasing its potential for use within the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Do sustainable development goals (SDGs) boost green productivity in national marine fisheries? International evidence
Authors: Phan Kieu-Thi , Hsu Yu-Lung , Chen Sheng-Hung 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study examines the determinants of green total factor productivity in marine fisheries, considering the role of Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14) in promoting sustainable marine resource utilization and conservation.

Methods
This study employs panel data from 57 countries between 2001 and 2021 to estimate efficiency scores through the directional distance function and the Malmquist–Luenberger model by incorporating inputs (labor, fishing vessels, and energy consumption) and outputs (gross ocean product and carbon dioxide emissions). A truncated regression analysis is conducted to explore the relationship between SDG 14 and green total factor productivity (GTFP) while controlling for financial resources and macroeconomic indicators.

Result
The findings indicate that SDG 14 significantly enhances both constant returns to scale (CRS) technical efficiency and variable returns to scale (VRS) pure technical efficiency, underscoring the importance of marine conservation and sustainable resource management. Additionally, financial resources (like green lending and government investment), research and innovation (like research and development, the number of researchers, and foreign funds), and macroeconomic factors (like the gross ocean product, gross domestic product, and inflation) positively influence green productivity.

Conclusion
The results underscore the importance of marine conservation and sustainable practices for enhancing GTFP in fisheries. Integrated policies focusing on financial investment, innovation, and macroeconomic stability are essential to achieve greater sustainability and efficiency in this sector.
The RAB32 p.Ser71Arg Variant in Parkinsonisms: Insights from a Large Italian Cohort
Authors: Magistrelli Luca , Brumana Marta , Rimoldi Valeria , Poggi‐Longostrevi Sofia , Contaldi Elena , Pezzoli Gianni , Straniero Letizia , Isaias Ioannis U. , Asselta Rosanna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveRecently, RAB32 has been identified as possibly linked to Parkinson's disease. We studied the prevalence and clinical correlates of the p.Ser71Arg variant in the RAB32 gene in a large case series of Italian patients with Parkinson's disease or atypical parkinsonism.MethodsA single‐center cohort with a case‐control component (consecutively collected at the Parkinson Institute of Milan between 2002 and 2023) was screened for the RAB32 p.Ser71Arg variant. Detailed clinical characteristics of carriers were reviewed. Healthy control subjects were partners or unrelated caregivers. The variant was detected by a TaqMan polymerase chain reaction assay.ResultsA total of 4600 patients (3762 with PD and 838 with atypical parkinsonisms) and 1722 healthy control subjects were consecutively included in the study. We identified 20 new variant carriers that, together with the 8 previously identified, had younger age at onset than noncarriers (51.0 ± 10.7 vs. 58.3 ± 11.0 years, respectively; P = 0.01). All carriers had a good response to dopaminergic therapy and device‐aided therapies. Carriers had mild or no cognitive decline and mild or no depressive symptoms; six had impulse control disorders and one a REM behavior disorder. Family history was positive in 55.5% of cases versus 22.0% of patients without the variant (P < 0.001) and was compatible with a dominant pattern of inheritance. The variant was not identified in patients with atypical parkinsonisms.ConclusionsThis study confirms that RAB32 is associated with a relatively young adult‐onset PD with a favorable therapeutic response. This variant should be included in genetic panels used for the diagnosis of familial and/or relatively young‐onset PD. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Rates of PIT tag ingestion and gastric retention in three species of hatchery-reared salmonids and potential implications for postrelease monitoring
Authors: Hemeon Kathleen M. , Peterson Douglas P. , Twibell Ronald G. , Kennedy Benjamen M. , Piteo Matthew S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
The current laboratory study was conducted to better quantify ingestion rates of shed passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags by hatchery-reared Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. during captive rearing, whether this phenomenon exists among salmonid species, how long ingested tags are retained, and whether tag ingestion affects survival and growth.

Methods
Passive integrated transponder tag ingestion rates were obtained for steelhead O. mykiss, Coho Salmon O. kisutch, and spring Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha by exposing fish to loose PIT tags as a proxy for shed tags. Fish that volitionally ingested shed tags were monitored for the effect of ingested tags on individual growth, and time to tag expulsion was determined to estimate the probability of individual tag retention over time. The potential for tag collision between an ingested and implanted tag was evaluated using a three-antenna array.

Result
Coho Salmon and steelhead ingested 51% and 69% of available PIT tags, respectively, in two separate week-long trials. Chinook Salmon did not volitionally ingest tags. Steelhead were estimated to expel ingested tags faster (50% probability of expulsion within 5 days) than Coho Salmon (50% probability of expulsion within 51 days) and Chinook Salmon (gastrically implanted tags; 50% probability of expulsion within 22 days). Across all species, 20–27% of ingested tags were retained for at least 230 days with no apparent effect on survival. Growth rates of Coho Salmon and steelhead that ingested tags were not significantly different from control fish by the end of the study. Tag detection trials used to evaluate tag collision between an ingested and an implanted PIT tag resulted in reduced implanted tag detection by 94% and reduced ingested tag detection by 85% when both tags were present within the body of a smolt-sized salmonid.

Conclusion
Biologists and managers should be aware of how tag ingestion by hatchery salmonids can not only complicate the estimation of tag retention, but also cause tag collisions or the misidentification of individual fish during postrelease monitoring.
Development of a Cochlear Implantation Program in Malawi: Audiometric and Speech Perception Results From a Series of Implantees
Authors: Mulwafu Wakisa , Chabaluka Chikondi , Anderson Ilona , Strachan David , Raine Christopher 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalawi performed its first cochlear implantation in 2014. Since then, the number of users has grown. This larger cohort facilitates a more rigorous analysis of the hearing outcomes that have been achieved by the Malawi cochlear implant (CI) program.MethodsNineteen children with postlingual severe‐to‐profound deafness underwent unilateral cochlear implantation between 2014 and 2022. Pure‐tone audiometric (PTA) thresholds were obtained for both ears preoperatively, and aided thresholds were determined for the implanted ear postoperatively. To assess hearing outcomes, a battery of open‐ and closed‐set speech environmental sound perception tests were administered postoperatively. Observations related to the educational status of each participant were also documented.ResultsCochlear implantation reduced the mean PTA4 threshold from 110.8 (range 96.3‐120 dB hearing loss [HL]) to 37.8 dB HL (31.3‐42.5 dB HL) in the implanted ear, improvements which were clinically meaningful and statistically significant (Wilcoxon signed‐rank test: z = −3.184; P = .001). Satisfactory environmental and speech sound perception were observed for all tested CI users postimplantation.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that the CI program of Malawi can effectively treat severe‐to‐profound HL in postlingual children. However, several challenges remain for the expansion of this program.