bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triceps and cutaneous radial nerve branches investigated via an axillary anterior arm approach: new findings in a fresh-cadaver anatomical study
Authors: Bertelli Jayme A. , Goklani Mayur Sureshlal , Patel Neehar , Duarte Elisa Cristiana Winkelmann 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
The authors sought to describe the anatomy of the radial nerve and its branches when exposed through an axillary anterior arm approach.

METHODS
Bilateral upper limbs of 10 fresh cadavers were dissected after dyed latex was injected into the axillary artery.

RESULTS
Via the anterior arm approach, all triceps muscle heads could be dissected and individualized. The radial nerve overlaid the latissimus dorsi tendon, bounded by the axillar artery on its superior surface, then passed around the humerus, together with the lower lateral arm and posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve, between the lateral and medial heads of the triceps. No triceps motor branch accompanied the radial nerve’s trajectory. Over the latissimus dorsi tendon, an antero-inferior bundle, containing all radial nerve branches to the triceps, was consistently observed. In the majority of the dissections, a single branch to the long head and dual innervations for the lateral and medial heads were observed. The triceps long and proximal lateral head branches entered the triceps muscle close to the latissimus dorsi tendon. The second branch to the lateral head stemmed from the triceps lower head motor branch. The triceps medial head was innervated by the upper medial head motor branch, which followed the ulnar nerve to enter the medial head on its anterior surface. The distal branch to the triceps medial head also originated near the distal border of the latissimus dorsi tendon. After a short trajectory, a branch went out that penetrated the medial head on its posterior surface. The triceps lower medial head motor branch ended in the anconeus muscle, after traveling inside the triceps medial head. The lower lateral arm and posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve followed the radial nerve within the torsion canal. The lower lateral brachial cutaneous nerve innervated the skin over the biceps, while the posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve innervated the skin over the lateral epicondyle and posterior surface of the forearm. The average numbers of myelinated fibers were 926 in the long and 439 in the upper lateral head and 658 in the upper and 1137 in the lower medial head motor branches.

CONCLUSIONS
The new understanding of radial nerve anatomy delineated in this study should aid surgeons during reconstructive surgery to treat upper-limb paralysis.
Intradural view of the spinal cord and dura after three-column osteotomy: illustrative case
Authors: Zhao Zirun , Shabani Saman , Agarwal Nitin , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Chou Dean 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
A three-column osteotomy results in dural buckling, which may appear concerning upon intraoperative visualization because it may appear that the neural elements may also be buckled. The authors presented an intraoperative view after intentional durotomy of the neural elements and the relaxed state of the dura after three-column osteotomy.

OBSERVATIONS
A 52-year-old woman with adult tethered cord syndrome and previous untethering presented with worsening leg pain and stiffness, urinary incontinence, and unbalanced gait. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an arachnoid web at T6 and spinal cord tethering. Spinal column shortening via three-column osteotomy was performed with concomitant intradural excision of the arachnoid web. Dural buckling was observed intraoperatively after spinal column shortening. After the durotomy, the spinal cord was visualized without kinking or buckling.

LESSONS
Dural buckling after spinal column shortening of 15 mm via three-column osteotomy at T6 did not result in concomitant buckling of the underlying neural elements.
Question of the Composition of the Local Council in the 1906 Predsobornoe Prisutstvie
Authors: Пшибышевский Владислав Иванович 
Published: November 2021

Целью исследования является анализ дискуссий первого предсоборного органа - Предсоборного Присутствия 1906 г. по вопросу о составе Поместного Собора, состоявшегося в 1917/18 гг. Этот вопрос был одним из главных в ходе дискуссий о желательных преобразованиях в жизни Церкви. Естественно, что участниками Всероссийского Священного Собора должны были стать лучшие представители всех уровней. Решения по столь неоднозначному вопросу были приняты не вдруг. Данное исследование привело к выводу, что участники Присутствия разошлись между собой при обсуждении состава Собора: одним он представлялся чисто епископским, а решения его следовало просто сообщить всей Церкви; другие же, которых в исследуемое время было большинство, писали о том, что такое величественное событие, как Поместный Собор Российской Православной Церкви, должно представлять все уровни общества, дабы принятые на нём решения не были односторонними и затрагивали все проблемные стороны жизни Церкви. Итоги работы Присутствия подвигли Святейший Синод официально, за подписью императора опубликовать расширенное и дополненное Положение о составе Собора. Оно было отредактировано Предсоборным Советом в 1917 г. но в своей основе явилось основополагающим для формулировок Положения 1917 г., регламентирующего созыв и деятельность Поместного Собора 1917/18 гг.
The article is devoted to a subject that is still full of secrets and unexpected facts. The problem of the composition of the expected Local Council was one of the main ones at the beginning of the 20th century in discussions about desirable reform in the life of the Church, the apogee of which was to be the All-Russian Holy Council. Naturally, the participants of the proposed Council were to be the best representatives of all levels. The decision on such a controversial issue was not taken suddenly. The purpose of the study is to analyze the discussions of the first pre-conciliar - Predsobornoe Prisutstvie of 1906 on the composition of the long-awaited Local Council. This study led to the conclusion that the participants of the Prisutstviya differed during the discussion of the composition of the Cathedral, for some it was presented as purely episcopal, the decisions of such a Council should only be communicated to the entire Church. Others, who were in the majority at the time under study, wrote about what a majestic event like the Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church must represent all levels of society, so that the decisions taken there, are not one-sided and would address all the troubled aspects of the Church’s life. The results of the Prisutstviya work inspired the Holy Synod, with the Emperor’s signature, to publish an expanded and amended Statute on the composition of the Council, which will be edited by the Pre-Conciliar Council in 1917, but in its basis will be fundamental for the wording of the Regulation of 1917, regulating the convening and activity of the Local Council hundred years ago.
Administrative and Teaching Activities of Archpriest Vsevolod Shpiller in Moscow Theological Schools
Authors: Кечкин Иоанн 
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена малоизученной деятельности известного московского пастыря протоиерея Всеволода Шпиллера в московских духовных школах с 1950 по 1951 г. Вернувшись на родину из Болгарии в начале 1950 г., протоиерей Всеволод был радушно принят священноначалием Русской Церкви. Сразу же по возвращении его назначили преподавателем в Московские духовные школы и настоятелем Ильинского храма в Загорске (Сергиевом Посаде), а через непродолжительное время утвердили в должности инспектора Московской духовной академии. Несмотря на большое доверие патриарха Алексия I (Симанского) и председателя Учебного комитета митрополита Григория (Чукова), протоиерей Всеволод не смог выстроить нормальных, рабочих отношений с руководством и преподавательским составом Академии, что, естественно, привело к отставке с должности инспектора, а впоследствии к увольнению из Академии. В статье предпринята попытка на основании архивных данных и воспоминаний современников восстановить картину деятельности протоиерея В. Шпиллера, уточнить некоторые факты из его биографии этого периода.
The article is devoted to the little-studied activity of the famous Moscow pastor Archpriest Vsevolod Shpiller (1902-1984) in Moscow theological schools in 1950-1951. Returning home from Bulgaria in early 1950, Archpriest Vsevolod was warmly received by the hierarchy of the Russian Church. Immediately after his return, he was appointed a teacher in Moscow theological schools and abbot of the Ilyinsky Church in Zagorsk (Sergiev Posad). And after a short time, he was approved as an inspector of the Moscow theological academy. Despite the great trust of Patriarch Alexy I (Simansky) and the president of the Educational Committee, Metropolitan Grigory (Chukov), Archpriest Vsevolod was unable to build normal, working relations with the leadership and teaching staff of the Academy, which naturally led to his resignation from the post of inspector, and subsequently to dismissal from the Academy. The article will attempt to restore the picture of Archpriest V. Shpiller's activity on the basis of archival data and memoirs of contemporaries, to clarify some facts from his biography of this period.
Synthesis and antitumor properties of some new 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles
Authors: Мирко І. І. , Горак Ю. І. , Чабан Т. І. , Драпак І. В. , Матійчук В. С. 
Published: November 2021

One of the promising methods of creating antitumor drugs is the screening of potential antitumor agents among synthesized compounds. Nitrogen-based heterocycle analogues are an extremely important class of organic substances that are widely used in medical chemistry. [1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazoles are among the little-studied and hard-to-reach members of this class of compounds.
The aim of our work was to synthesize some new 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles, as well as the study of their antitumor activity.
The objects of study were 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. The composition and structure of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by the data of elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The antitumor activity of the synthesized compounds was studied in the framework of the international scientific program of the National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, Maryland, USA) DTP NCI (Developmental Therapeutic Program).
The synthesis of 11 derivatives of 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles was carried out. These substances are obtained by the interaction of 5-arylfuran-2-carboxylic acids with 5-substituted 4-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazolo-3-thiols. Primary screening revealed individual 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles, which showed pronounced selective antitumor activity. The most active among the tested compounds were 3 d, 3 e and 3 j, which were further investigated during secondary screening. The results of these studies confirm the high antitumor activity of these compounds.
The proposed approaches and the developed synthesis protocols made it possible to obtain a series of new 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. The results of studies of the antitumor activity of the synthesized compounds made it possible to single out 3 highly active compounds with high antitumor activity, which gives reason to consider this condensed system as a promising molecular framework for the design of potential antitumor agents.
Phytochemical analysis of the main groups of secondary metabolites in the Dracocephalum moldavica L. herb
Authors: Шанайда М. І. 
Published: November 2021

The genus Dragonhead (Dracocephalum L.) includes 72 species of essential oil-bearing plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Many of them have long been used in a folk medicine of different countries. Moldavian dragonhead (D. moldavica L.) has been identified as the most promising species for the complex phytochemical research since it was successfully introduced in the climatic conditions of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone and due to the presence of its various botanical forms and varieties.
The aim of this study was the phytochemical analysis of the main groups of secondary metabolites in the herb of violet-flowered form of Moldavian dragonhead (D. moldavica L.) under its cultivation in Ternopil region (Ukraine).
The herb of the plant was harvested in July of 2018‒2019 years during the flowering period. The essential oil was obtained from the plant raw material by the hydrodistillation. Such physical and chemical parameters of the essential oil as a relative density, refractive index, optical rotation, acid number and solubility in ethanol were studied. The method of thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used to determine the specific sequence of bands in the chromatograms of essential oil. The method of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was used for the identification of phenolic compounds in the herb. The component composition of polyphenols was determined by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
The specific physical and chemical parameters as well as the «chromatographic profile» of essential oil have been established. The main compounds of the polyphenolic nature were revealed by the chromatographic methods. In particular, rosmarinic and caffeic hydroxycinnamic acids were identified in the methanol extract of herb by the HPTLC method. The HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds in the 70% ethanol extract of raw material established that rosmarinic acid was its main polyphenol. It was found the decreasing of polyphenol contents in the D. moldavica herb in such direction: rosmarinic acid (3.01%) > apigenin-7-О-glucoside (0.67%) > apigenin (0.29%) > caffeic acid (0.28%) > luteolin-7-О-glucoside (0.13%)> hyperoside (0.12%) > ferulic acid (0.09%) > chlorogenic acid (0.08%).
The obtained data could be used for planning pharmacological studies of the phytosubstances developed from the Moldavian dragonhead herb.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Membayar Iuran BPJS Mandiri pada Pasien di RSUD Kabupaten Mamuju
Authors: Zain Sitti Fatimah , Andi Surahman Batara  
Published: November 2021

Jaminan sosial adalah salah satu bentuk perlindungan sosial untuk menjamin seluruh rakyat agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasar hidup yang layak. Berdasarkan data dari BPJS Cabang Mamuju jumlah peserta BPJS per 31 Desember 2018 sebanyak 228.654 jiwa atau sekitar 75,92% dari jumlah keseluruhan penduduk di Kabupaten Mamuju. Sampai bulan September 2019, Sebanyak 43.588 peserta mandiri BPJS kesehatan Cabang Mamuju Menunggak iuran. Peserta mandiri Kabupaten Mamuju sebanyak 22.509 peserta dengan 8.733 peserta aktif, dan 13.670 peserta tidak teratur dalam membayar iuran bulanan (BPJS 2020). Jenis peneltian ini adalah penelitian Kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional study, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 111 orang. Data diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner. Analisi data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil analisis uji chi-square dengan α=0,05 menunjukkan bahwa nilai p-value untuk Pengetahuan p=0,04, Pekerjaan p=0,956, Pendapatan p=0,368, Persepsi p=0,372, Motivasi p=0,716 dengan kepatuhan membayar. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan memiliki hubungan dengan kepatuhan membayar iuran, sedangkan pekerjaan, pendapatan, persepsi dan motivasi tidak memiliki hubungan.
Valorization of Date Palm Wastes by Lignin Extraction to be Used for the Improvement of Polymeric Membrane Characteristics
Authors: Zrelli Adel , Elfalleh Walid , Ghorbal Achraf , Chaouachi Bechir 
Published: November 2021

This work aimed to valorize Date Palm Wastes (DPW) by the extraction of lignin and its application for polymeric membrane modification. Lignin was extracted from five types of DPW (date palm kernel, leaflet, pedicel, palm frond, and fibrilium) using the Klason method. Following DPW characterization, we remark the highest amount of extractives content in the leaflet sample (10.07 %) and the lowest in the fibrilium sample (6.51 %). The ash content ranged from 1.56 % for fibrilium to 7.96 % for palm frond. After extraction, the lignin yield was in the range of 22–32 %. The extracted lignins were characterized by Infrared and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. All extracted lignins provide a high concentration of (-OH) group. Besides, both syringyl and guaiacyl are present in the extracted lignins with a slightly more syringyl unit. The extracted lignins were added to the polymeric solution, prepared from waste plastic, to produce membranes. These membranes showed improved hydrophilicity marked a decrease in the contact angle of 28 % when the lignin concentration increased from 0.125 to 0.5 %. In addition, the membrane porosity increased with the use of the extracted lignins as an additive.
Postpartum Health Care Seeking Behaviour among the Rural Women in Bangladesh
Authors: Mithun Sangita , Irfan SM Nurul 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Pregnancy and childbirth is an important event in the life cycle of women and their health during this period is very much vital for the mother and children. Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of a country is an important indicator of the overall health status of mother.
Objectives: To assess the health care seeking behaviour of postnatal women in rural Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Chaturia in Dhamrai upazilla of Dhaka district from January 2019 to March 2019 among purposively selected 196 rural women of reproductive age who had at least one living child. Data were collected by face-to-face interview using pretested questionnaire.
Results: Among 196 respondents average monthly family income was 12561 Taka with SD of 10462 taka. Majority of them were housewives and about two-third (64.8%) were educated above secondary level. 70.9% respondents had their delivery of last child in a government health care center and 37.8% deliveries were conducted by nurses which was followed by government doctors (36.2%). Majority (62.2%) had their health checkup within 42 days, 59.2% of them had checkup for three or more times and the checkup were done by government doctors (60.2%). 47.1% of the respondents experienced high grade fever as postpartum complication. Statistically significant association (p<0.05) were revealed between age group of the respondents with health personnel conducted deliveries and also between educational level of the respondents with place of delivery of last child.
Conclusion: Awareness, motivation and infrastructural development play a vital role in utilizing the government healthcare services by the postnatal women in rural Bangladesh.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 80-83
Development of a Machine Learning Classifier for Brain Tumors Diagnosis Based on DNA Methylation Profile
Authors: Chen Yuxing , Yan Yixin , Xu Moping , Chen Wen , Lin Jinyu , Zhao Yan , Wu Junze , Wang Xianlong 
Published: November 2021

Background: More than 150 types of brain tumors have been documented. Accurate diagnosis is important for making appropriate therapeutic decisions in treating the diseases. The goal of this study is to develop a DNA methylation profile-based classifier to accurately identify various kinds of brain tumors.Methods: Thirteen datasets of DNA methylation profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, of which GSE90496 and GSE109379 were used as the training set and the validation set, respectively, and the remaining 11 sets were used as the independent test set. The random forest algorithm was used to select the CpG sites based on the importance of the features and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model was trained to classify the samples. Deconvolution with the debCAM package was used to explore the cellular composition difference among tumors.Results: From training datasets with 2,801 samples, 396,568 CpG sites were retained after preprocessing, of which 767 were selected as the modeling features. A three-layer MLP model was developed, which consists of 1,320 nodes in the hidden layer, to predict the histological types of brain tumors. The prediction accuracy is 99.2, 87.0, and 96.58%, respectively, on the training, validation and test sets. The results of deconvolution analysis showed that the cell proportions of different tumor subtypes were different, and it is approximately enough to distinguish different tumor entities.Conclusion: We developed a classifier that is robust for the classification of central nervous system tumors, and tried to analyze the reasons for the classification performance.
Tri-Ponderal Mass Index Reference Values for Screening Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: Results From Two National-Representative Cross-Sectional Studies in China and America
Authors: Wang Xijie , Chen Yanjun , Ma Jun , Dong Bin , Dong Yanhui , Zou Zhiyong , Ma Yinghua , Arnold Luke , Liang Wannian 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionTo ascertain the possible cut point of tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) in discriminating metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related cardio-metabolic risk factors in Chinese and American children and adolescents.MethodsA total of 57,201 Chinese children aged 7-18 recruited in 2012 and and 10,441 American children aged 12-18 from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2001-2014) were included to fit TMI percentiles. Participants were randomly assigned to a derivation set (75%) and validation set (25%). The cut points of TMI with the lowest misclassification rate under the premise of the highest area under curves (AUC) were selected for each sex, which were additionally examined in the validation set. All of data analysis was conducted between September and December in 2019.ResultsTMI showed good capacity on discriminating MetS, with AUC of 0.7658 (95% CI: 0.7544-0.7770) to 0.8445 (95% CI: 0.8349-0.8537) in Chinese and 0.8871 (95% CI: 0.8663-0.9056) to 0.9329 (95% CI: 0.9166-0.9469) in American children. The optimal cut points were 14.46 kg/m3 and 13.91 kg/m3 for Chinese boys and girls, and 17.08 kg/m3 and 18.89 kg/m3 for American boys and girls, respectively. The corresponding misclassification rates were 17.1% (95% CI: 16.4-17.8) and 11.2% (95% CI: 9.9-12.6), respectively. Performance of these cut points were also examined in the validation set (sensitivity 67.7%, specificity 82.4% in Chinese; sensitivity 84.4%, specificity 88.7% in American children).ConclusionsA sex- and ethnicity- specific single cut point of TMI could be used to distinguish MetS and elevated risk of cardio-metabolic factors in children and adolescents.