bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the organic anion transporting polypeptides responsible for the hepatic uptake of the major metabolite of epyrifenacil, S‐3100‐CA, in mice
Authors: Sakurai Kengo , Kuroda Tomohiro , Abe Jun , Toda Hiroshi , Kitamoto Sachiko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEpyrifenacil is a novel herbicide that acts as an inhibitor of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) and produces hepatotoxicity in rodents by inhibiting PPO. Our previous research revealed that the causal substance of hepatotoxicity is S‐3100‐CA, a major metabolite of epyrifenacil, and that human hepatocyte uptake of S‐3100‐CA was significantly lower than rodent one, suggesting less relevant to hepatotoxicity in humans. To clarify the species difference in the uptake of S‐3100‐CA, we focused on organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) and carried out an uptake assay using human, rat, and mouse OATP hepatic isoforms‐expressing 293FT cells. As a result, all the examined OATPs were found to contribute to the S‐3100‐CA uptake, suggesting that the species difference was not due to the differences in selectivity toward OATP isoforms. When [14C]epyrifenacil was administered to mice, the liver concentration of S‐3100‐CA was higher in males than in females. Furthermore, when [14C]epyrifenacil was administered with OATP inhibitors, the liver/plasma ratio of S‐3100‐CA was significantly decreased by rifampicin, an Oatp1a1/Oatp1a4 inhibitor in mice, but not by digoxin, an Oatp1a4‐specific inhibitor. This result indicates that Oatp1a1, the predominant transporter in male mice, is the main contributor to the hepatic transport of S‐3100‐CA, and consequently to the gender difference. Moreover, we conclude that the species difference in the hepatic uptake of S‐3100‐CA observed in our previous research is not due to differences in the selectivity toward OATP isoforms but rather to the significantly higher expression of OATPs which mediate uptake of S‐3100‐CA in rodents than in humans.
Kisspeptin neurons as an integration center of reproductive regulation: Observation of reproductive function based on a new concept of reproductive regulatory nervous system
Authors: Ozawa Hitoshi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundRegulation of the reproductive system has been explained by the actions and feedback of gonadotropin releasing hormone‐luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (GnRH‐LH/FSH) ‐sex steroids; however, the discovery of kisspeptin neurons and a kisspeptin‐GnRH‐LH/FSH axis has prompted this regulation to be reviewed.MethodsWe investigated changes in kisspeptin neurons and associated changes in the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axis under various situations and experimental conditions using histochemical methods.Main findings (Results)Kisspeptin neurons play an important role in receiving and integrating information from internal and external environmental factors and communicating it to the conventional HPG axis.ConclusionThe recently described Kisspeptin‐GnRH‐LH/FSH‐gonad system regulates reproductive function via mechanisms that until recently were not completely understood.
Iridium Catalyzed Selective Arylation of B(3)‐H Bond of o‐Carborane via B−H/C−H Activation
Authors: Cao Ke , Wu Ji , Zhang Cai‐Yan , Ding Li‐Fang , Yang Junxiao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn iridium catalyzed selective B−H/C−H dehydrogenative coupling for arylation of electron deficient B(3)‐H of o‐carborane with benzamides has been developed. A plausible mechanism involving IrIII/IrV catalyzed BH/CH activation was proposed. This work has important value for selective functionalization of B(3,6)‐H bonds via dehydrogenative coupling.
It's worth the trouble: Stressor exposure is related to increased cognitive reappraisal ability
Authors: Zeier Peter , Meine Laura E. , Wessa Michèle 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecent theories propose moderate (compared to high or no) stressor exposure to promote emotion regulation capacities. More precisely, stressful situations are expected to serve as practice opportunities for cognitive reappraisal (CR), that is, the reinterpretation of a situation to alter its emotional impact. Accordingly, in this study, we expect an inverted U‐shaped relationship between exposure to daily hassles and performance in a CR task, that is, best reappraisal ability in individuals with a history of moderate stressor exposure. Participants (N = 165) reported the number of daily hassles during the last week as indicator of stressor exposure and completed the Script‐based Reappraisal Test (SRT). In the SRT, participants are presented with fear‐eliciting scripts and instructed to either downregulate negative affect via reappraisal (reappraisal‐trials) or react naturally (control‐trials). Two measures indicate CR ability: (1) reappraisal effectiveness, that is, the difference between affective ratings in reappraisal‐ and control‐trials and (2) reappraisal inventiveness, that is, the number of valid and categorically different reappraisal thoughts. Multiple regression analyses revealed positive linear, but not quadratic, relationships of exposure to daily hassles and both indicators of CR ability. Potential benefits of stressor exposure for emotion regulation processes are discussed.
Origin of Intense Luminescence from Supramolecular 2D Molecular Crystals
Authors: Biswas Sandip , Manna Gouranga , Das Bidisa , Bhattacharya Arpan , Pal Arun K. , Datta Ayan , Alam Parvej , Laskar Inamur Rahaman , Mondal Pramita , Mukhopadhyay Mrinmay K. , Sanyal Milan K. , Acharya Somobrata 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLuminescence enhancement in 2D molecular crystals (2D crystals) is promising for a variety of optical applications, yet the availability is limited because of unclear mechanism and inefficient design strategy of luminescence control. Herein, the room temperature phosphorescence from micron long molecular thin free‐standing 2D crystals of a mono‐cyclometalated Ir(III) complex designed at the water surface is reported. A large luminescence enhancement is observed from the 2D crystals at 300 K, which is comparable with the rigidified solution at 77 K suggesting room temperature phosphorescence origin of the luminescence. In situ synchrotron grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction measurements determine the constituent centered rectangular unit cells with precise molecular conformation that promotes the formation of 2D crystals. The molecular crystal design leads to a reduced singlet‐triplet energy gap (ΔEST) and mixing of singlet‐triplet states by spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) for efficient intersystem crossing, which explains the phosphorescence origin at room temperature and luminescence enhancement. The supramolecular assembly process provides an elegant design strategy to realize room temperature phosphorescence from 2D crystals by rigid intermolecular interactions.
Quantitative Local Probing of Polarization with Application on HfO2‐Based Thin Films
Authors: Kwon Owoong , Kang Seunghun , Jo Sanghyun , Kim Yun Do , Han Hee , Park Yeehyun , Lu Xiaoli , Lee Woo , Heo Jinseong , Alexe Marin , Kim Yunseok 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOwing to their switchable spontaneous polarization, ferroelectric materials have been applied in various fields, such as information technologies, actuators, and sensors. In the last decade, as the characteristic sizes of both devices and materials have decreased significantly below the nanoscale, the development of appropriate characterization tools became essential. Recently, a technique based on conductive atomic force microscopy (AFM), called AFM‐positive‐up‐negative‐down (PUND), is employed for the direct measurement of ferroelectric polarization under the AFM tip. However, the main limitation of AFM‐PUND is the low frequency (i.e., on the order of a few hertz) that is used to initiate ferroelectric hysteresis. A significantly higher frequency is required to increase the signal‐to‐noise ratio and the measurement efficiency. In this study, a novel method based on high‐frequency AFM‐PUND using continuous waveform and simultaneous signal acquisition of the switching current is presented, in which polarization–voltage hysteresis loops are obtained on a high‐polarization BiFeO3 nanocapacitor at frequencies up to 100 kHz. The proposed method is comprehensively evaluated by measuring nanoscale polarization values of the emerging ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 under the AFM tip.
Lignin Derived Porous Carbons: Synthesis Methods and Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Zhang Wenli , Yin Jian , Wang Caiwei , Zhao Lei , Jian Wenbin , Lu Ke , Lin Haibo , Qiu Xueqing , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLignin, one of the renewable constituents in natural plant biomasses, holds great potential as a sustainable source of functional carbon materials. Tremendous research efforts have been made on lignin‐derived carbon electrodes for rechargeable batteries. However, lignin is considered as one of the most promising carbon precursors for the development of high‐performance, low‐cost porous carbon electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. Yet, these efforts have not been reviewed in detail in the current literature. This review, therefore, offers a basis for the utilization of lignin as a pivotal precursor for the synthesis of porous carbons for use in supercapacitor electrode applications. Lignin chemistry, the synthesis process of lignin‐derived porous carbons, and future directions for developing better porous carbon electrode materials from lignin are systematically reviewed. Technological hurdles and approaches that should be prioritized in future research are presented.
Quantum computing: A taxonomy, systematic review and future directions
Authors: Gill Sukhpal Singh , Kumar Adarsh , Singh Harvinder , Singh Manmeet , Kaur Kamalpreet , Usman Muhammad , Buyya Rajkumar 
Published: October 2021

AbstractQuantum computing (QC) is an emerging paradigm with the potential to offer significant computational advantage over conventional classical computing by exploiting quantum‐mechanical principles such as entanglement and superposition. It is anticipated that this computational advantage of QC will help to solve many complex and computationally intractable problems in several application domains such as drug design, data science, clean energy, finance, industrial chemical development, secure communications, and quantum chemistry. In recent years, tremendous progress in both quantum hardware development and quantum software/algorithm has brought QC much closer to reality. Indeed, the demonstration of quantum supremacy marks a significant milestone in the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) era—the next logical step being the quantum advantage whereby quantum computers solve a real‐world problem much more efficiently than classical computing. As the quantum devices are expected to steadily scale up in the next few years, quantum decoherence and qubit interconnectivity are two of the major challenges to achieve quantum advantage in the NISQ era. QC is a highly topical and fast‐moving field of research with significant ongoing progress in all facets. A systematic review of the existing literature on QC will be invaluable to understand the state‐of‐the‐art of this emerging field and identify open challenges for the QC community to address in the coming years. This article presents a comprehensive review of QC literature and proposes taxonomy of QC. The proposed taxonomy is used to map various related studies to identify the research gaps. A detailed overview of quantum software tools and technologies, post‐quantum cryptography, and quantum computer hardware development captures the current state‐of‐the‐art in the respective areas. The article identifies and highlights various open challenges and promising future directions for research and innovation in QC.
Symbolic Annihilation of Social Groups as Hidden Curriculum in Japanese ELT Materials
Authors: Brown Charles Allen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study empirically investigated the invisibility, or symbolic annihilation, in Japanese English education of social groups at risk of marginalization. To do so, I assembled a corpus of 3746 English teaching materials selected because they involved world social group representation and because they were disseminated through the JET Program, a Japanese government initiative intended to promote internationalization and interculturalism in schools across Japan. Corpus analysis indicated various forms of symbolic annihilation. Most broadly, the world was portrayed as a dichotomy between Japan and countries of the Kachruvian Inner Circle. Europe was of secondary prominence while other regions were poorly represented. These materials reflected Christonormativity as well with adherents to other religions being symbolically annihilated. The visibility of those other than Anglos and Japanese was likewise highly attenuated. Stereotypes equating ethnicity and nationality were prevalent with Inner Circle dialog characters, for example, rarely having non‐Anglo names. Not only did this corpus thus evidence lingering Inner Circle‐centrism, but this was a Christonormative, white, Anglo, Inner Circle/Euro‐centric imaginary. These results thus evinced a hidden curriculum reinscribing stereotypes and regimes of social power, one working at cross purposes to the stated purpose of the JET Program as promoting internationalization and interculturalism.
TrUDL, A Path to Full Inclusion: The Intersectional Possibilities of Translanguaging and Universal Design for Learning
Authors: Cioè‐Peña María 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNationally, there is a rise in students who are dually classified as emergent bilinguals and students with disabilities. While conversations around disproportionality and the over‐representation of emergent bilinguals in special education are important, that discourse does not address the needs of students currently classified. Overwhelmingly, educators continue to approach linguistic and disability needs as the amalgamation of two separate entities which results in segregated and/or piece‐meal instructional experiences for students. In this paper, I offer an integrated pedagogical stance bringing together translanguaging practice with universal design for learning (UDL). I provide a brief overview of translanguaging as both a theory and a pedagogical practice. I also provide an overview of Universal Design for Learning. Grounded in my experiences as a bilingual special education teacher trained in UDL and a CUNY‐NYSIEB team member who researched translanguaging uses in special education settings, I present the ways in which translanguaging and UDL intersect both theoretically and pedagogical, offering up possibilities for attaining greater inclusion and increased opportunities to learn for Emergent bilinguals labeled as dis/abled (EBLADs).
Frontal sinus repair using polymethyl methacrylate after craniectomy for a resection of a fronto‐parietal osteoma in a dog
Authors: Chitty Jake William , Miro Ana Cloquell , Kaczmarska Adriana , Guevar Julien , Gutierrez‐Quintana Rodrigo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA 3‐year‐old spayed female German Shepherd dog was presented for investigation and treatment of a firm slow growing mass over the right surface of the skull. Computed tomography (CT) of the head revealed a proliferative, rounded and well‐defined compact bone mass expanding extracranially. A right rostrotentorial craniectomy was performed with ‘en bloc’ mass resection. To achieve clear margins, the excision of the outer table of the frontal bone, with subsequent opening of the right frontal sinus, was necessary. To provide an appropriate sealing between the cranial cavity and the nasal cavity, thereby preventing future complications, a cemented partial obliteration and reconstruction of the right frontal sinus was performed. The dog recovered uneventfully. Histopathological analysis confirmed complete resection with clear margins and the final diagnosis of an osteoma. The dog was progressing with no clinical signs 8 months after the surgery.
Magnetic particle imaging for assessment of cerebral perfusion and ischemia
Authors: Ludewig Peter , Graeser Matthias , Forkert Nils D. , Thieben Florian , Rández‐Garbayo Javier , Rieckhoff Johanna , Lessmann Katrin , Förger Fynn , Szwargulski Patryk , Magnus Tim , Knopp Tobias 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStroke is one of the leading worldwide causes of death and sustained disability. Rapid and accurate assessment of cerebral perfusion is essential to diagnose and successfully treat stroke patients. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new technology with the potential to overcome some limitations of established imaging modalities. It is an innovative and radiation‐free imaging technique with high sensitivity, specificity, and superior temporal resolution. MPI enables imaging and diagnosis of stroke and other neurological pathologies such as hemorrhage, tumors, and inflammatory processes. MPI scanners also offer the potential for targeted therapies of these diseases. Due to lower field requirements, MPI scanners can be designed as resistive magnets and employed as mobile devices for bedside imaging. With these advantages, MPI could accelerate and improve the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. This review provides a basic introduction to MPI, discusses its current use for stroke imaging, and addresses future applications, including the potential for clinical implementation.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease
Introduction
Authors: Romein Christel Annemieke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this general introduction to the book, I discuss the key-concepts of my research on the use of fatherland-terminology. First, I introduce the problems that the current historiography on state-building poses, discuss the research question and clarify its essential parts. Second, I give a concise overview of the state-of-the-art in research on terminology and key-concepts. Third, I discuss the methodological framework and provide more information on the primary sources.
Political Language in the Holy Roman Empire (1500–1650s)
Authors: Romein Christel Annemieke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this first part of the book, I examine the use of fatherland-terminology in the Holy Roman Empire in general, and in the Duchy of Jülich and Landgraviate of Hesse-Cassel more in particular. In this second chapter, I sketch the context of political language in German political thought and the use of fatherland discourse as unifying rhetoric.
Jülich: Pamphlets and Cologne Get-Togethers (1640s–1650s)
Authors: Romein Christel Annemieke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this chapter I focuss on the specific case of the Duchy of Jülich. A war of succession at the early seventeenth century had led to considerable turmoil: the emperor did not recognise Duke Wolfgang Wilhelm as a legitimate heir. As de facto ruler, the duke attempted to protect his inhabitants by establishing an army. Conducting war was a considerable financial burden. As long as the war lasted the financialpressure on the principality increased and criticism grew. The nobility’s cry for help was voiced in invitations to join in an assembly in the Free City of Cologne to discuss the welfare of the fatherland. All loyal patriots were invited. During these meetings, the patriots drafted pamphlets to inform both German and Dutch speaking readers about the turmoil they faced and about the possible misuse of power by the duke. It was only after the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 that the duke acknowledged the nobilities best intentions forthenottheir(!) fatherland.
Patriots in France, Political Talks Between 1500s and 1650s
Authors: Romein Christel Annemieke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this second part of the book, I examine the French political terminology throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth century to contextualise the chapter on Brittany. Crucially between 1570 and 1620, the language changed fundamentally. During the sixteenth century, the focus was on le bien public and le bien de la chose publique. Under King Henry III and King Henry IV, this shifted tole bien de l’état. During the seventeenth century, this language became consolidated. Likewise, a shift from the use of patrie was visible from a province to the whole of France: during the sixteenth century, it was often used to indicate one’s province (e.g. Brittany) but could, in case of the king, be used for the whole of France.
Brittany: Pay d’États and Don Gratuit (1648–1652)
Authors: Romein Christel Annemieke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractI start this chapter by introducing the history of Brittany which was independent until 1492 when it became linked to France, and 1532 it became a Frenchpays d’état. Brittany itself did not have any direct experiences with warfare during the mid-seventeenth century, and hence this chapter shows how a particularist province reacted to tax-requests, without the immediate threat of warfare. Nonetheless, taxation had to be paid in order to finance warfare with Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. Central to this chapter is how the nobility responded to these requests. The noblemen strove to uphold their legal status, and heavy taxations could jeopardise their income. Hence, the records of the Breton assemblies do give much information about the tax-negotiations that went on and the underlying noble privileges and conflicts. Especially between 1648 and 1652, when Brittany found itself close to bankruptcy and needed to curtail their expenditure. The used terminology does give away information about the threatened autonomy and means to protect privileges.
Comparison of the Cases
Authors: Romein Christel Annemieke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis final chapter offers a conclusion to my research on the use of fatherland terminology, which I have presented in this book. I have discussed the small principalities of Jülich and Hesse-Cassel where the prince illegally levied taxes to pay for a protective armed force, which consequently burdened the inhabitants by their needs and presence. In both cases, the nobility did not agree to princely politics but also had to avoid the association with rebellion and undermining princely government. Brittany offered the perspective of an area with tax-pressure, but without the imminence of warfare. Willingness to contribute taxes and participate in the compulsory meeting convened by the government in Paris contributed to the possibility to uphold the autonomous position of Brittany. To end, I discuss the instrumentality of the use of fatherland terminology and avoiding hints of revolt or rebellion.
Conformal bootstrap near the edge
Authors: Antunes António 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We propose a bootstrap program for CFTs near intersecting boundaries which form a co-dimension 2 edge. We describe the kinematical setup and show that bulk 1-pt functions and bulk-edge 2-pt functions depend on a non-trivial cross-ratio and on the angle between the boundaries. Using the boundary OPE (BOE) with respect to each boundary, we derive two independent conformal block expansions for these correlators. The matching of the two BOE expansions leads to a crossing equation. We analytically solve this equation in several simple cases, notably for a free bulk field, where we recover Feynman-diagrammatic results by Cardy.