bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atividades produtivas e contexto socioeconômico da cooperativa D’Irituia
Authors: Silva Paula Francyneth Nascimento , Martins Cyntia Meireles , Kato Osvaldo Ryohei , Moreira Marcia Athayde , Oliveira José Sebastião Romano 
Published: February 2021

Este artigo objetiva investigar a cooperativa D’Irituia no que diz respeito ao seu processo de produção e contexto socioeconômico. Para realizar a coleta de dados, 29 entrevistas foram validadas em uma amostra de 90,63%. Os questionários foram aplicados nos meses de janeiro, fevereiro e março de 2019. Dentre as principais atividades produtivas desenvolvidas pelos cooperados, destacou-se a produção de produtos florestais não madeireiros. O sistema de produção desenvolvido está baseado em sistemas agroflorestais com predominância de espécies frutíferas. A boa participação das mulheres no quadro social é decisiva para o desenvolvimento da cooperativa, porém, a força de trabalho encontra-se diminuída. É imprescindível buscar certificação orgânica. Existe ainda, a necessidade de fortalecer cada vez mais a marca D’Irituia. Nesse sentido, é fundamental o apoio governamental para projetar os produtos da cooperativa, pois a não diferenciação das embalagens dificulta uma identidade visual que represente a cooperativa.
Uno Raid: prototipação em FPGA de um vídeo game desenvolvido em linguagem VHDL
Authors: Jurgina Laura Quevedo , Piccoli Arthur , Ramos Ítalo Nolasco , Soares Rafael Iankowisk , Rosa Junior Leomar Soares da 
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um vídeo game em linguagem VHDL e sua prototipação na plataforma Altera DE2. O hardware foi descrito e validado na ferramenta Quartus II e sintetizado para o FPGA Cyclone II EP2C35F672C6. O sistema foi implementado como uma atividade de pesquisa do Grupo PET-Computação e contou com a participação de alunos dos cursos de Ciência da Computação e de Engenharia de Computação da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Os resultados alcançados demonstram a viabilidade do desenvolvimento do sistema com baixo custo de implementação em hardware, utilizando apenas 3236 elementos lógicos do FPGA.
Projeto Zoot Kids: da Sala de Aula ao Curral
Authors: Knob Aline Neis , Frasson Jailson José Nicoli , Dallaporta Magale , Hundertmarck Mariana Sarturi , Potter Luciana 
Published: February 2021

No presente estudo, objetiva-se apresentar o projeto intitulado Zoot Kids. Nesta atividade, escolas de ensino fundamental da cidade de Santa Maria (RS), são convidadas a visitar os laboratórios de pesquisa animal relacionados ao curso de Zootecnia. Nas visitas organizadas e guiadas pelos integrantes do Programa de Educação Tutorial – PET Zootecnia, as crianças tem a oportunidade de tocar, cheirar, alimentar e conhecer as instalações de laboratórios que possuem ovelhas, aves de postura e corte, coelhos, bovinos de corte e leite, equinos e chinchilas. O passeio possibilita a descoberta de um mundo animal desconhecido por muitas crianças totalmente urbanas. Aos integrantes do grupo, é uma experiência única de troca de informações e crescimento profissional e pessoal.
Det allmänna rättsmedvetandet och några svenska förarbeten på straffrättens område 2008-2018
Authors: Anderberg Andreas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article focuses on what is often termed the general (or public) sense of justice, GSJ for short. It illustrates the influence that the GSJ has had on various preparatory works in Swedish criminal law during a recent decade. It is often claimed that the GSJ is used as an argument in political discourse and decision making in the area of criminal law, especially to motivate criminalisation and harsher penal sanctions. Political points can be scored and general elections won by deploying a tough stance on crime. A problematic aspect is that by appealing to the GSJ, legislators create a way to legitimise punitive measures with little or no empirical support in criminological research. Furthermore, the very concept of the GSJ is unclear, contentious, and characterised by a plethora of interpretations. This article provides background on the GSJ in the Nordic countries and thereby gives context to some recent legislative work in Sweden. The article concludes that legislators frequently reproduce phrases which, under closer inspection, appear quite hollow. The GSJ therefore seems to be more of a vague reference used for political purposes as opposed to a representation of actual popular values.
Évolution du rapport à l’Autre chez les étudiant·e·s en ergothérapie et en travail social : variables prédictives des orientations d’acculturation de la communauté d’accueil
Authors: Tétreault Sylvie , Bétrisey Carine , Brisset Camille , Gulfi Alida , Leanza Yvan , Kühne Nicolas 
Published: February 2021

Autant en France qu’en Suisse, les professionnel·le·s sont amené·e·s à travailler auprès de populations diversifiées (âge, niveau socioéconomique, langue, ethnie, état de santé, etc.). Plusieurs recherches soutiennent que la sensibilité interculturelle est liée aux caractéristiques psychologiques. Une étude longitudinale (2016-2019) a été menée auprès de 202 étudiant·e·s en ergothérapie et en travail social de France et de Suisse. Ceux-ci ont rempli un questionnaire sur les orientations d’acculturation de la communauté d’accueil, l’attachement adulte et la personnalité multiculturelle, en première et en troisième année de formation. Peu de différences significatives apparaissent entre les deux temps de mesure. Les analyses de régression mettent en évidence des variables psychologiques à considérer dans le type de rapport à l’Autre, soit l’ouverture d’esprit, la gestion de l’anxiété, l’empathie culturelle, la flexibilité et les expériences interculturelles significatives vécues.
Diagnosis of Melanoma Based on the Sparse Auto-Encoder for Feature Extraction
Authors: Zghal Nadia Smaoui , Zaabi Marwa , Derbel Houda 
Published: February 2021

Aims: Skin cancer is a fairly critical disease all over the world and especially in Western countries and America. However, if it is perceived and treated early, it is quite often curable. The main risk factors for melanoma are exposure to UV rays, the presence of many moles, and heredity. For this reason, this work focuses on the issue of automatic diagnosis of melanoma. The aim is to extract significant features from pixels of the images based on an unsupervised deep learning technique which is the sparse autoencoder method.
Methodology: A preprocessing phase is required to remove the artifacts and enhance the contrast of the images before proceeding with the feature extraction. Once the characteristics are extracted automatically, the support vector machine classifier and the k-nearest neighbors are applied for the classification phase. The objective is to differentiate between 3 categories: melanoma, suspected case, and non-melanoma. Finally, the PH2 database is used to test the proposed approaches (200 images are presented in this dataset: 80 atypical nevi, 80 common nevi, and 40 melanoma).
Results: The obtained results in terms of specificity, accuracy, and sensitivity present noticeable performances with the support vector machine classifier (achieved 94 % overall accuracy) and the k-nearest neighbors (92 %).
Conclusion: This study's experimental findings showed that the best performance was obtained by the approach based on a deep sparse autoencoder combined with support vector machine.
Antiplasmodial Activity of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf in Swiss Albino Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei NK 65
Authors: Dada E. O. , Adebayo R. O. 
Published: February 2021

The study assessed the antiplasmodial activity of the ethanolic leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus on chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei in mice. Standard methods were used to determine the bioactive components of the leaf extract, acute toxicity test and antiplasmodial activity. Mice obtained (of body weight 20-25 g) were housed and acclimatized for seven days at room temperature before the commencement of the experiment. A total of 16 albino mice were randomized into four groups of four mice each for acute toxicity while 35 were grouped into five groups of seven mice each for antiplasmodial activity. All the groups 1-5 were infected with P. berghei and were treated for six consecutive days with leaf extract dosage of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg, standard antimalarial drug (chloroquine) as positive control and normal saline as negative control respectively.
Phytochemical screening/ bioactive compounds of the leaf extract reveals the presence of saponins (10.3 mg/g), tannins (2.38 mg/g), flavonoids (1.87 mg/g), terpenoids (19.12 mg/g), steroids (6.21 mg/g) and glycosides (19.9 mg/g) as secondary metabolites. The leaf extract revealed decrease in body weight of the infected mice and did not show any toxicity at all dosage levels used.
The antiplasmodial investigation revealed a decrease in percentage parasitaemia level in mice of extract treated groups compared with mice infected and not treated. The parasitaemia reduction was higher in 800 mg/kg than 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg. This significant decrease (P<0.05) in percentage parasitaemia level in the study was dose and time-dependent. The extract showed significant (p<0.05) antiplasmodial activity and could serve as possible candidates for the development of new effective drugs for the treatment of malaria.
Identification of a unique endoplasmic retention motif in the Xenopus GIRK5 channel and its contribution to oocyte maturation
Authors: Rangel‐Garcia Claudia I. , Salvador Carolina , Chavez‐Garcia Karla , Diaz‐Bello Beatriz , Lopez‐Gonzalez Zinaeli , Vazquez‐Cruz Lourdes , Angel Vazquez‐Martinez Julio , Ortiz‐Navarrete Vianney , Riveros‐Rosas Hector , Escobar Laura I. 
Published: February 2021

G protein‐activated inward‐rectifying potassium (K+) channels (Kir3/GIRK) participate in cell excitability. The GIRK5 channel is present in Xenopus laevis oocytes. In an attempt to investigate the physiological role of GIRK5, we identified a noncanonical di‐arginine endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention motif (KRXY). This retention motif is located at the N‐terminal region of GIRK5, coded by two small exons found only in X. laevis and X. tropicalis. These novel exons are expressed through use of an alternative transcription start site. Mutations in the sequence KRXY produced functional channels and induced progesterone‐independent oocyte meiotic progression. The chimeric proteins enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)‐GIRK5‐WT and the EGFP‐GIRK5K13AR14A double mutant, were localized to the ER and the plasma membrane of the vegetal pole of the oocyte, respectively. Silencing of GIRK5 or blocking of this channel by external barium prevented progesterone‐induced meiotic progression. The endogenous level of GIRK5 protein decreased through oocyte stages in prophase I augmenting by progesterone. In conclusion, we have identified a unique mechanism by which the expression pattern of a K+ channel evolved to control Xenopus oocyte maturation.
Inter‐Element Boration Reactions of Carbon‐Carbon Multiple Bonds via Lewis‐Basic Activation of Boron Reagents
Authors: Hirano Keiichi , Uchiyama Masanobu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHere, we review recent progress in transition‐metal‐free inter‐element boration reactions via Lewis‐basic activation of various boron reagents, focusing mainly on the boration reactions of carbon‐carbon multiple bonds without an electron‐withdrawing (activating) group and those with an electron‐withdrawing group where the polarity of the addition reaction is inverse to the “natural” reactivity.magnified image
The Razor's Edge of “Essential” Labor in Food and Agriculture
Authors: Malone Trey , Schaefer K. Aleks , Wu Felicia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the midst of a pandemic, falling on one side or the other of the cruel “razor's edge” of the “essential” and “nonessential” labor distinction can mean the difference between infection versus safety and, on the other hand, continued earnings versus unemployment. This article synthesizes relevant research from a variety of disciplines to explore the implications of the essentiality distinction as a “second‐best” policy instrument. We identify ways to improve the equity and efficiency of the distinction as a second‐best policy tool and consider potential ways to look beyond essentialness for future economic policy responses to pandemics.
Efficacy of delayed primary closure with intrawound continuous negative pressure and irrigation treatment after surgery for colorectal perforation
Authors: Ogawa Katsuhiro , Nitta Hidetoshi , Masuda Toshiro , Matsumoto Katsutaka , Okino Tetsuya , Miyamoto Yuji , Baba Hideo , Takamori Hiroshi 
Published: February 2021

AimSurgical‐site infections (SSIs) often occur after surgery for colorectal perforation. We introduced delayed primary closure (DPC) after intrawound continuous negative pressure and irrigation treatment (IW‐CONPIT) to prevent SSIs. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of DPC after IW‐CONPIT compared with primary closure (PC) after surgery for colorectal perforation.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective study including 22 patients who underwent DPC (DPC group) and 18 patients who underwent PC (PC group) at our hospital between April 2015 and January 2017. The primary outcome was the SSI rate. The secondary outcomes were other complications (<30 days), length of hospital stay, and costs.ResultsThe SSI rate was significantly lower in the DPC group than in the PC group (40% vs. 94%, P = 0.0006). Moreover, superficial and deep incisional SSIs, infectious complications, and Clavien–Dindo classification grade ≥ 2 complications were also significantly diminished in the DPC group. Conversely, the length of hospital stay and costs were not significantly different between the two groups. Multivariate analyses revealed that the significant independent protective factor against SSI after surgery for colorectal perforation was DPC after IW‐CONPIT (odds ratio 0.04; 95% confidence interval, 0.002–0.25).ConclusionDelayed primary closure after IW‐CONPIT reduced SSIs after surgery for colorectal perforation compared with PC.
Unveiling the Photoinduced Electron‐Donating Character of MoS2 in Covalently Linked Hybrids Featuring Perylenediimide
Authors: Sideri Ioanna K. , Jang Youngwoo , Garcés‐Garcés Jose , Sastre‐Santos Ángela , Canton‐Vitoria Ruben , Kitaura Ryo , Fernández‐Lázaro Fernando , D'Souza Francis , Tagmatarchis Nikos 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe covalent functionalization of MoS2 with a perylenediimide (PDI) is reported and the study is accompanied by detailed characterization of the newly prepared MoS2‐PDI hybrid material. Covalently functionalized MoS2 interfacing organic photoactive species has shown electron and/or energy accepting, energy reflecting or bi‐directional electron accepting features. Herein, a rationally designed PDI, unsubstituted at the perylene core to act as electron acceptor, forces MoS2 to fully demonstrate for the first time its electron donor capabilities. The photophysical response of MoS2‐PDI is visualized in an energy‐level diagram, while femtosecond transient absorption studies disclose the formation of MoS2.+‐PDI.− charge separated state. The tunable electronic properties of MoS2, as a result of covalently linking photoactive organic species with precise characteristics, unlock their potentiality and enable their application in light‐harvesting and optoelectronic devices.
B‐Cu‐Zn‐Gasdiffusionselektroden für die elektrokatalytische CO2‐Reduktion zu C2+‐Produkten bei hohen Stromdichten
Authors: Song Yanfang , Junqueira João R. C. , Sikdar Nivedita , Öhl Denis , Dieckhöfer Stefan , Quast Thomas , Seisel Sabine , Masa Justus , Andronescu Corina , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDie Elektroreduktion von CO2 zu Multi‐Kohlenstoff‐Produkten hat große Aufmerksamkeit auf sich gezogen, da sie einen Weg zur Speicherung erneuerbarer Energien mit hoher Stromdichte bietet. Allerdings wird über Selektivität und Stabilität bei hohen Stromdichten selten berichtet. Wir zeigen, dass B‐dotierte Cu‐ (B‐Cu‐) und B‐Cu‐Zn‐Gasdiffusionselektroden (GDE) eine hochselektive und stabile CO2‐Umwandlung zu C2+‐Produkten bei industriell relevanten Stromdichten aufweisen. Die B‐Cu‐GDE zeigte eine hohe Faraday‐Effizienz von 79 % für die Bildung von C2+‐Produkten bei einer Stromdichte von −200 mA cm−2 und einem Potential von −0,45 V vs. RHE. Die Langzeitstabilität für die C2+‐Bildung wurde durch die Integration einer optimierten Menge an Zn‐Nanoblättchen wesentlich verbessert. Operando‐Raman‐Spektren bestätigen das Vorhandensein von Cu+‐Spezies unter CO2‐Reduktionsbedingungen und das geringere Überpotential für die *OCO‐Bildung bei Integration von Zn, was zu der exzellenten Umwandlung von CO2 zu C2+‐Produkten an B‐Cu‐Zn‐GDEs führt.
Licht‐vermittelte intermolekulare Kupplung von Alkenen mit Ketonen über Acyloxy‐Nitroso‐Verbindungen
Authors: Zheng Danqing , Plöger Stefanie , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Studer Armido 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEine durch sichtbares Licht vermittelte, atomökonomische, intermolekulare Radikal‐Additionsreaktion von Acyloxy‐Nitroso‐Verbindungen an elektronenarme Alkene wird beschrieben. Die Nitroso‐Ausgangsderivate lassen sich leicht durch Oxidation der entsprechenden Keton‐abgeleiteten Oxime herstellen, und die gesamte Sequenz stellt eine oxidative Kupplung eines Ketons mit einem Michael‐Akzeptor dar. Die Kaskade läuft unter milden Bedingungen ab und liefert eine Reihe von wertvoll funktionalisierten Oximen in moderaten bis guten Ausbeuten. Mechanistische Studien deuten darauf hin, dass diese Kaskaden über Additions‐/Kupplungsprozesse ablaufen, die durch den “Persistent Radical Effect” (PRE) kontrolliert werden, wobei das NO‐Radikal als persistente Spezies agiert.
Cell‐Based Identification of New IDO1 Modulator Chemotypes
Authors: Hennes Elisabeth , Lampe Philipp , Dötsch Lara , Bruning Nora , Pulvermacher Lisa‐Marie , Sievers Sonja , Ziegler Slava , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine‐2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO1) strengthens cancer immune escape, and inhibition of IDO1 by means of new chemotypes and mechanisms of action is considered a promising opportunity for IDO1 inhibitor discovery. IDO1 is a cofactor‐binding, redox‐sensitive protein, which calls for monitoring of IDO1 activity in its native cellular environment. We developed a new, robust fluorescence‐based assay amenable to high throughput, which detects kynurenine in cells. Screening of a ca. 150 000‐member compound library discovered unprecedented, potent IDO1 modulators with different mechanisms of action, including direct IDO1 inhibitors, regulators of IDO1 expression, and inhibitors of heme synthesis. Three IDO1‐modulator chemotypes were identified that bind to apo‐IDO1 and compete with the heme cofactor. Our new cell‐based technology opens up novel opportunities for medicinal chemistry programs in immuno‐oncology.
Implantable Biosupercapacitor Inspired by the Cellular Redox System
Authors: Jang Yongwoo , Park Taegyu , Kim Eunyoung , Park Jong Woo , Lee Dong Yeop , Kim Seon Jeong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe carbon nanotube (CNT) yarn supercapacitor has high potential for in vivo energy storage because it can be used in aqueous environments and stitched to inner parts of the body, such as blood vessels. The biocompatibility issue for frequently used pseudocapacitive materials, such as metal oxides, is controversial in the human body. Here, we report an implantable CNT yarn supercapacitor inspired by the cellular redox system. In all living cells, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a key redox biomolecule responsible for cellular energy transduction to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Based on this redox system, CNT yarn electrodes were fabricated by inserting a twist in CNT sheets with electrochemically deposited NAD and benzoquinone for redox shuttling. Consequently, the NAD/BQ/CNT yarn electrodes exhibited the maximum area capacitance (55.73 mF cm−2) under physiological conditions, such as phosphate‐buffered saline and serum. In addition, the yarn electrodes showed a negligible loss of capacitance after 10 000 repeated charge/discharge cycles and deformation tests (bending/knotting). More importantly, NAD/BQ/CNT yarn electrodes implanted into the abdominal cavity of a rat's skin exhibited the stable in vivo electrical performance of a supercapacitor. Therefore, these findings demonstrate a redox biomolecule‐applied platform for implantable energy storage devices.
Implementation of high‐cadence cycling for Parkinson’s disease in the community setting: A pragmatic feasibility study
Authors: McKee Kathleen E. , Johnson Remy K. , Chan James , Wills Anne‐Marie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundEfficacy of exercise to improve motor symptoms in Parkinson's Disease (PD) has been established in multiple clinical trials. The Pedaling for Parkinson's ™ (PFP) program is an existing community‐based cycling intervention for individuals with PD. Although PFP program design was informed by in‐laboratory efficacy studies, the implementation and effectiveness of the program in the community have not been studied. This feasibility study explores implementation and effectiveness of PFP utilizing the RE‐AIM implementation evaluation framework.MethodsThis was a pragmatic open‐label multi‐site study. First, community‐based gyms were recruited to implement the PFP protocol with enhanced multi‐modal training and support. Second individuals with Hoehn and Yahr stage I‐III idiopathic PD were recruited to participate. Reach, effectiveness (both clinical scores and participant enjoyment), adoption, implementation (gym and participant fidelity, cost), and maintenance (sustainability) were assessed. Tracking of adverse events was used to monitor safety of the intervention.ResultsReach was moderate: 59% of participants who expressed interest opted to participate. No effectiveness outcomes demonstrated a significant change from pre to post; however, the program was highly enjoyable (96% of participants who started classes enjoyed the program and 87% wished to continue). Adoption was poor with only four out of 34 gyms participating. The program had poor gym and moderate participant fidelity. The program was maintained for at least 4 months across all sites. The program was implemented safely.ConclusionBarriers to implementation of nonpharmacologic interventions such as exercise protocols limit reach and availability of these interventions to patients. Pilot studies are needed to inform and direct further implementation efforts. Our pilot study suggests the PFP cycling intervention should be modified prior to attempts at widespread implementation. Modifications made by gyms in this study suggest adaptations to the protocol that may increase fidelity and effectiveness.