bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minitel à images, images du Minitel (1980-2000)
Authors: Demars Brice 
Published: March 2021

Le Minitel est une d’une grande modernité dans les années 1980, premier média numérique grand public. Il connaît alors son âge d’or. Mais, à cette même époque, émerge un enjeu essentiel des TIC : la transmission d’images. Malheureusement, la télématique française n’a pas fait le saut technologique décisif la permettant. Ainsi, pendant la décennie suivante, le Minitel va perdre la compétition face à l’ordinateur personnel et à Internet.
Evidence Dorsal Spine Removal is Nonlethal and Unharmful for Largemouth Bass in Florida
Authors: Lindelien Summer , Dutterer Andrew C. , Schueller Paul , Anderson Chris C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLargemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides, Florida Bass Micropterus floridanus, and their intergrade are socially and economically valuable sport fish. In the southeastern United States, it is customary for fisheries personnel to age black bass Micropterus species using sagittal otoliths, which requires killing the fish. Presently, fisheries managers and black bass anglers show reluctance to sacrifice large individuals. Development of a nonlethal ageing technique would not only allay concerns of sacrificing large black bass, but it could offer a pathway for new research, management, and conservation. We excised dorsal spines III–V from Largemouth Bass in Florida varying from 30 to 57 cm total length to evaluate the effects of the procedure on survival over 35 d. No mortalities were observed for fish with excised dorsal spines, and experiment-wide survival was 0.94 (0.87–1.00; 95% confidence interval). No significant differences in survival, weight change, or incidence of external injuries were observed between control and excised fish. The areas of spine excision healed with no visible infection or inflammation at the conclusion of the experiment. Therefore, dorsal spine removal offers managers a nonlethal option for collecting ageing structures of adult Largemouth Bass in Florida, including large individuals, and this result likely extends to other Micropterus species as well.
Stable Isotopes Reveal Variation in Consumption of Pacific Salmon by Brown Bears, Despite Ready Access in Small Streams
Authors: Ro Hyejoo , Stern Jennifer H. , Wirsing Aaron J. , Quinn Thomas P. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBrown bears Ursus arctos consume a wide range of organisms, including ungulates and plants, but Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. are especially important to their diet where their ranges overlap. Although some brown bears minimize antagonistic encounters with other brown bears or infanticide by avoiding streams where salmon spawn, studies generally assume that brown bears with ready access to salmon feed heavily on them. To test this assumption, and the hypothesis that male brown bears would feed more heavily on salmon than females (owing to their sexual size dimorphism), we collected hair samples from brown bears by using barbed wire placed on six small tributaries of Lake Aleknagik, Alaska, USA, where adult Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka are readily accessible and frequently consumed by brown bears. Analysis of DNA distinguished among the different brown bears leaving the hair samples, some of which were sampled multiple times within and among years. We assessed the contribution of salmon to the diet of individual brown bears by using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope signatures. The 77 samples analyzed from 31 different bears over 4 y showed isotopic ratios consistent with reliance on salmon, but the wide range of isotopic signatures included values suggesting variable, and in one case considerable, use of terrestrial resources. Stable isotope signatures did not differ between male and female brown bears, nor did they differ between two sides of the lake, despite marked differences in Sockeye Salmon density. We collected the hair samples when salmon were present, so there was some uncertainty regarding whether they reflected feeding during the current or previous season. Notwithstanding this caveat, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that salmon were sufficiently available to provide food for the brown bears and that the considerable isotopic variation among brown bears with access to salmon reflected their age, status, and behavior.
RECENTI SVILUPPI NELLA RISONANZA MAGNETICA NUCLEARE A PAVIA
Authors: Filibian Marta , Carretta Pietro 
Published: March 2021

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is a crucial experimental technique for the study of matter in several fields and applications, as for example in physics, chemistry, materials science, biology, medicine and food science. By means of this technique, the NMR group of the University of Pavia (UniPV) has given valuable scientific contributions to the Condensed Matter Physics and to the Physics applied to the Biomedical sector. In this note we’ll illustrate some of the most relevant results produced by the researchers of the group within decades of work carried out with passion and dedication, with examples regarding the Molecular Magnets, the High Tc Superconductors, the contrast agents and the hyperpolarization of molecules for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. We’ll also report some preliminary results obtained at the Preclinical Imaging Facility of UniPV, recently founded with the key contribution of the NMR group.
PERANCANGAN BALE AGUNG
Authors: I Kadek Agus Swiardita  
Published: March 2021

Bali memiliki kesan yg magis diantara pulau di Indonesia. Bali terkenal dengan sebutan pulau seribu pura. Dikatakan demikian karena disetiap daerah dan disetiap desa dibangun sebuah pura dari ujung timur sampai ujung barat. Setiap Pura memiliki pelinggih dengan pemujaan yg berbeda beda, namun yg jarang diketahui atau diperhatikan oleh orang yg baru datang di Bali yaitu sebuah tempat seperti Bale yg panjang dengan sebutan Bale Agung.
Banyak yg bertanya Bale Agung itu fungsinya apa? Karena Bale Agung mirip dengan Bale santai atau nama orang di sekitar dengan sebutan Bale Bengong. Dari latar belakang diatas dapat diambil rumusan masalah sebagai berikut. Apa itu Bale Agung? Bagaimana Fungsi Bale Agung? Bagaimana Merancang Bale Agung
Metode penelitian yang di pakai yakni metode pengumpulan data yang meliputi data primer dengan teknik wawancara dan observasi, data sekunder yakni dengan studi kepustakaan dan buku penunjang literatur berupa Bale Agung. Metode analisis data yang meliputi pengelompokan data, analisis dan sintesis dan yang terakhir adalah Metode penarikan kesimpulan yang meliputi metode induktif dan dedukatif.
Dalam perencanaan Bale Agung menggunakan Konsep Dasar Tradisional dimana dilihat dari Bale Agung tersebut. Penggunaan Tema Arsitektur Tradisional Lokal pada Bale Agung ini bertujuan agar memahami apa itu Bale Agung, Fungsinya dan Merancangnya.
TATA LETAK DAN MATERIAL LUMBUNG DI DESA JEGU, TABANAN – BALI
Authors: I Gede Mertayasa  , Ir. I Ketut Adhimastra, M.Erg.  
Published: March 2021

Bangunan Lumbung merupakan bangunan yang berfungsi sebagai tempat untuk menyimpan padi. Bangunan lumbung ini terletak tepatnya di dalam kompleks bangunan rumah tradisional Bali. lumbung terdiri dari dua lantai pada lantai atas lumbung berfungsi sebagai tempat penyimpanan padi, dan pada bagian bawah disebut bale yang digunakan sebagai ruang istirahat keluarga, sebagai tempat untuk membuat perlengkapan upacara, tempat duduk-duduk atau tempat penerimaan tamu, bila ada orang atau tamu yang datang maka, pertama yang dituju oleh orang tersebut adalah lumbung sebab lumbung tempat yang paling efektif untuk tempat berteduhnya dan setiap orang yang bertamu khususnya orang bali tahu bahwa lumbung itu bisa menetralisir aura negatifnya.
Adapun rumusan masalah yang diangkat yakni bagiamana tata letak dan material yang digunakan pada lumbung milik keluarga bapak mangku nyoman sudarma serta mengapa satu site dengan sepuluh kepala keluarga bisa mendirikan masing-masing lumbung ? Batasan masalahnya dari identivikasi masalah tersebut.
Pada umumnya tata letak sebuah bangunan lumbung terletak dibagian arah tenggara dari natah umah lumbung biasanya berbentuk persegi panjang dengan memakai saka atau tiang yang terbuat dari bahan kayu yang bisa berjumlah empat atau enam. Pondasi bangunan lumbung menggunakan bebatuan dengan memakai lantai yang biasanya lebih rendah dari paon atau dapur. Awalnya lumbung menggunakan bahan seperti atap menggunakan alang-alang, tiang atau saka menggunakan kayu kutat, usuk dan tingehnya menggunakan kayu waru atau jempinis, dan tempat duduknya menggunakan kayu seseh atau yang lainnya. Karena perkembangan zaman dan bahan – bahan yang digunakan awalnya sangat sulit untuk di dapat maka banyak lumbung menggunakan bahan yang ada seperti, atap genteng, reng menggunakan kayu kamper dan lain sebagainya.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa filosofi lumbung merupakan tempat untuk menyimpan padi yang digunakan oleh setiap warga Indonesia yang mempunayai hasil pertanian dan bangunan lumbung dari waktu ke waktu banyak perubahan dari segi material dan tata letak.
FILOSOFIS DAN MAKNA BALE SAKANEM DI PETANG, BADUNG.
Authors: Desak Made Sukma Widiyani,S.T.,M.T  , Suratmi Ni Luh 
Published: March 2021

Traditional Balinese house architecture is a work that is born from the traditions, beliefs and spiritual activities of the Balinese people which are manifested in various physical forms, such as traditional houses, sacred places (places of worship called temples), meeting halls, and others. The birth of various physical manifestations is also caused by several factors, namely the geography, culture, customs, and socio-economic conditions of the community. One of the buildings in a traditional Balinese house is the Bale Dangin. Bale Dangin is located in the eastern part of the Balinese Hindu community yard. Bale Dangin has the main function as a place to make and place ceremonies for Manusa Yadnya ceremonies such as metatah (tooth cutting), otonan, pewiwahan natab in bale and other activities.
Along with the development of the times like nowadays, Bale Dangin buildings are rarely found in Hindu community houses in Bali, there are several factors affecting this, from the land that is owned is narrow / only enough for the main building to the factor that people are less interested in traditional buildings on the grounds that they are not modern and with the times. So that there is a change in the meaning of the Bale Dangin Building itself. In addition to changes in meaning, there is also a change in the materials used in the construction of the Bale Dangin building, after searching data by interviewing and field observations, it is known that things that affect changes in the use of Bale Dangin materials are due to climate / weather, developments existing architectural styles and the state of the community economy.
The purpose of this research is to discuss how the function and meaning of the existence of Bale Dangin, especially Bale Dangin Sakanem in Hindu community homes in Bali, and to find out what materials can be used to produce Bale Dangin buildings that are still up to date with the times but do not reduce the value of philosophy and meaning of Bale Dangin itself so that it can survive amid the development of architectural styles in Bali.
The Role of E- Recruitment in Attracting Potential CandidatesEvidence from Fresh Graduate Job Seekers
Authors:   Lahore Leads University, Lahore Pakistan, Hafeez Muhammad 
Published: March 2021

The study aims to investigate the effectiveness of an online recruitment system and its impact on organizational attraction among fresh graduate job seekers. A sample comprised of 302 fresh graduate job seekers from well-known HEC recognized business schools in the Lahore region is selected using Stratified Random Sampling. Since the data is not normal, the Kruskill Wall is test of mean differences is applied to compare the effectiveness of e-recruitment with traditional methods of recruitment. Furthermore, the Macro process tool of Regression analysis is used to examine the matter of cost-effectiveness, easy to use and website quality. Findings of regression results confirm that e-recruitment has a positive influence on organizational attraction and cost-effectiveness and easy to use mediate the relationship between e-recruitment and organizational attraction. However, the positive relation between e-recruitment and organizational attraction depends on the quality of the recruitment website which depicts that Sitequal (Website Quality) moderates the relationship between e-recruitment and organization attraction. Thus, this study offers valuable findings for managers that aim to adopt E-recruitment systems in their hiring process.
Hypoglicemic and Antioxidant Activities in Extracts Star Anise (Illcium Verum Hook.f) on Wistar Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Diabetes
Authors: Dewajanthi Anna Maria , Limanto Agus , Clarita Clarita , Fidelia Audrey 
Published: March 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is quite common among the people. The causes of diabetes mellitus vary depending on the classification of this group of diseases. If diabetes mellitus is not handLed properly and correctly, there will be chronic hyperglycemia that causes oxidative stress, so patients will complain of some complications from diabetes mellitus that is actually caused by free radicals. Star anise (Illicium Verum) is one of the plants that are often used, one of which is as a spice in food. The star anise has several compounds, one of which is flavonoid which is as an easily oxidized compound (antioxidant), so it is often used as a traditional medicine to treat many diseases. In several studies in vitro this star anise plant has also been proven to have antioxidant levels such as flavonoids and phenolic which are high enough so that it can be used as a source of exogenous antioxidants that can help endogenous antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) to reduce free radicals that enter and remain keep body cells in normal condition. The study was carried out experimentally and conducted on rats in diabetes mellitus to see the effect of giving star anise extracts on glucose levels and blood levels of endogenous antioxidants (glutathione). Male rats with 2-3 months of age as many as 24 animals were divided into 6 groups, namely the negative control group (mice only given distilled water), diabetic rats without treatment group (positive control), diabetic rats treated with rootbose (positive control), and diabetic rats by treating the extract of star anise of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg body weight of rats. This research was conducted for 7 days. GSH levels were measured on days 0 and 7. To analyze the differences in the average data of glucose and GSH, statistics were used. Results of the Wilcoxon test showed that there were significant differences (with p < 0.05) in blood sugar levels between the control group and the diabetic rats treated with star anise extract group. There was a significant decrease in blood sugar levels in diabetic rats given an extract of star anise. The greatest decrease in blood sugar levels occurred in the group of diabetic rats who were given an extract of star anise at 150 mg/kg bw. It is also known that there are difference in GSH levels between the control group and the diabetic rat group with the treatment of extract of star anise, but statistically the difference is not significant. GSH levels increased 0.03 µM/mL by administering an extract of star anise at 50 mg/kg bw.
MENDETEKSI FAKTOR PENENTU STRUKTUR MODAL PADA SUB SEKTOR PERDAGANGAN BESAR (WHOLESALER) DAN RETAILER DI INDONESIA YANG GO PUBLIK
Authors: Suharna Jaka , Bertuah Eka 
Published: March 2021

This research aims to detect the determining factor of capital structure in Wholesaler and Retailer subsector in Indonesia. There are 44 companies used as the research sample; they are the wholesaler and retailer companies as listed in BEI (Indonesia Stock Exchange) during 2013-2017. The data analysis used logistic regression and ANOVA test. The result shows that the sales growth and profitability could be the determining factor in company capital structure. The sales growth has negative effect toward the capital structure. This implies that the higher sales growth, the lesser the debt usage. Besides, profitability has negative effect toward the capital structure. This indicates that the companies with profitability increased would reduce the debt usage as the profit would be used as funding to keep the innovation going in the company. The research result also shows that there are no differences in firmâ€™s values between the high-debt-funding companies and the low-debt-funding companies. This supports the Modigliani-Miller theory which stated that the capital structure doesnâ€™t affect the firmâ€™s values.Â Â Keywords: capital structure, sales growth, profitability
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR PKN MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION PADA SISWA KELAS VI MI NU MASLAKUL FALAH GLAGAHWARU UNDAAN KUDUS
Authors: Syakur Achmad 
Published: March 2021

Tujuan yang mau diraih pada penelitian ini buat mengenali kenaikan aktivitas berlatih serta hasil berlatih anak didik pada penataran PKn dengan memakai bentuk penataran Kooperatif tipe Group Investigation (GI) pada anak didik kategori VI MI NU Maslakul Falah Glagahwaru Undaan Kudus Tahun Pelajaran 2019/ 2020. Penelitian ini ialah penelitian tindakan kelas( Classroom Action Research). Riset dilaksanakan di kategori VI MI NU Maslakul Falah Glagahwaru Undaan Kudus. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Agustus hingga September tahun pelajaran 2019/ 2020. Subyek penelitian ini merupakan anak didik kategori VI semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2019/ 2020 yang berjumlah 28 anak didik. Konsep penelitian yang dipakai dalam riset ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Bersumber pada hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa aplikasi Model penataran Group Investigation (GI) bisa tingkatkan aktiivtas serta hasil berlatih PKn pada anak didik kategori VI MI NU Maslakul Falah Glagahwaru Undaan Bersih tahun Pelajaran 2019/ 2020. Perihal tersebut diarahkan dengan 1) Ada pula kegiatan anak didik bertambah pada setiap siklusnya, pada tahap prasiklus menunjukan bahwa dari 28 siswa Kelas VI MI NU Maslakul Falah Glagahwaru Undaan Kudus masih sedikit yang menunjukkan keatifan saat belajar di kelas, presentase aktivitas siswa hanya mencapai 43% saja. Pada siklus I mendapatkan keanaikan dengan yang ditunjukan dengan total siswa yang mau berpartisipasi aktif dalam pembelajaran mulai meningkat dengan presentase aktivitas siswa mencapai 75%. Selanjutnya pada siklus II menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar siswa sudah berpartisipasi aktif dalam pembelajaran di kelas dengan dibuktikan oleh presentase aktivitas siswa yang mencapai 93% yang masuk dalam kategori sangat baik. 2) Hasil Belajar mengalami peningkatan pada setiap siklusnya. Pada tahap prasiklus dari 28 siswa kelas VI MI NU Maslakul Falah Glagahwaru Undaan Kudus, siswa yang mencapai nilai KKM 70 hanya sejumlah 9 orang atau 32%. Pada tahap siklus I terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar, siswa yang berhasil mencapai nilai KKM 70 sejumlah 19 siswa atau 68%. Pada siklus I pembelajaran berjalan cukup baik namun ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal hanya sebesar 57% dari target ketuntasan yang diharapkan ialah minimun 75%, oleh sebab itu dilanjutkan penelitian pada Daur II. Pada langkah daur II terjalin kenaikan yang penting pada hasil berlatih anak didik, anak didik yang sukses menggapai nilai KKM 70 beberapa 25 anak didik ataupun 89%. Pada daur II penataran berjalan dengan amat bagus cocok dengan yang direncakan oleh periset. Pada langkah daur II ketuntasan berlatih dengan cara klasikal sebesar 89% serta telah mencapai target ketuntasan yang diharapkan yaitu minimal 75%.
PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA ARAB DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL BERBASIS PEMODELAN
Authors: Sona Mia El Rahma 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar mata pelajaran Bahasa Arab dengan model pembelajaran kontekstual berbasis pemodelan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII MIPA 2 MAN 2 Malang. Penelitian tindakan ini dilakukan dalam 3 siklus. Dari hasil tindakan yang dilakukan terbukti dapat meningkatkan prestasi siswa dengan mencapai standar ideal. Dari 52,77% pada Siklus l, dapat meningkat pada siklus 2 menjadi 72, 22% dan siklus 3 mencapai 100%, dan secara klasikal telah mencapai ketuntasan. Dengan rata-rata nilai 72,67 pada Siklus 1, 76,61 pada siklus 2 dan 86,94 pada siklus 3. Pembelajaran Kontekstual Berbasis Pemodelan dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XII-IPA-2 dengan ketuntasan mencapai 100%
Molecular characterization of Hepatitis B virus basal core promoter and precore region of isolates from chronic Hepatitis B patients
Authors: Israr Ahmad  , Kafeel Ahmad  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze mutations in precore/core promoter region of HBV genome in chronic hepatitis B patients from three cities of Pakistan.
Methods: A total of 50 treatment naïve chronic hepatitis B patients from Pakistan were selected. Viral load, HBeAg/antiHBe status, HBV ELISA and ALT levels were determined. Direct sequencing of BCP and PC region of HBV genome was carried out following a nested PCR approach. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA software version 6.0. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 16.0.
Results: The G1896A precore stop codon mutation was detected in 19 (38%) isolates. The mutation was present in 17(34%) isolates from HBeAg negative patients and 2(4%) isolates from HBeAg positive patients. The Classic A1762T/G1764A double mutation was noted in 15 (30%) isolates. Mutation at position 1764 was observed in 12 (48%) samples. A rare G1764T mutation was also detected in 6 (12%) isolates. The CG1802-1803 mutation was detected in 47(94%) isolates. The T1858 mutation was detected in all 50 (100%) isolates. The GCAC Kozak sequence was present in 43(86%) isolates. The CAA1817-1819 mutation was observed in 49(98%) isolates and G1888 mutation was detected in 49(98%) isolates. Overall, 9(18%) isolates had wild-type sequences at all important loci including positions 1762,1764 and 1896. The pattern of sequences at genotype specific positions and phylogenetic tree revealed that majority of study isolates belonged to genotype D.
Conclusions: Sequences results showed that precore region was comparatively more conserved than BCP region.
Continuous...
A migração de mulheres do vale do Jequitinhonha para São Paulo
Authors: Silva Maria Aparecida de Moraes 
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar, a partir de dados preliminares de uma pesquisa que estamos desenvolvendo com mulheres migrantes do Vale do Jequitinhonha para a agricultura paulista (região de Ribeirão Preto) (1), algumas reflexões sobre o processo de transformação social que afeta milhares de camponeses. [...]
Este povo também quer viver
Authors: Costa Alderon P. da 
Published: March 2021

Vamos falar aqui da situação, dos desafios e das respostas do povo que sofre nas ruas de São Paulo. Vamos enfocar o lado da vida, do dia-a-dia, dos questionamentos que brotam da convivência entre nós (agentes) e o povo da rua. [...]
O mundo dos pequenos na órbita dos adultos
Authors: Travessia Revista 
Published: March 2021

Após alguns anos do início do êxodo dos brasileiros, é hora de perguntar-nos o que se passa com as crianças e adolescentes filhos dessa migração. Primeiramente, épreciso constatar as distintas e por vezes múltiplas situações por eles vivenciadas: há os que participam do processo migratório ’presenciando a partida dos pais; há os que partem e acabamficando; há os que uão e acabam voltando; há os que nascem no exterior e por lá permanecem e, ainda, há os filhos do exterior que são trazidos para a terra dos pais. [...]
Nas terras Waimiri-Atroari projetos de morte
Authors: Schwade Egydio 
Published: March 2021

O Uatuma esta morto No fundo de um leito escuro correm hoje as aguas do rio Uatuma: envenenadas, fetidas, sem peixes, sem tartarugas, sem tracajas Suas margens, outrora verdes, parecem ter sido queimadas pelo fogo, ou mais precisamente, enlameadas pelas fezes de uma cloaca. [...]