bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potentially inappropriate medication usage, fall and comorbidities in geriatric patients diagnosed with chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: TAŞKIRAN Emin , GÜRKAN Gökhan , SEVİN İsmail Ertan , SARAÇ Zeliha Fulden 
Published: April 2021

Aim: The annual incidence of chronic subdural hematoma is 2-4/100000 in geriatric population. We aimed to investigate relationship between potentially inappropriate medication usage according to Beers 2019 criteria, fall and Charlson comorbidity index in geriatric patients diagnosed with chronic subdural hematoma.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected medical records of 69 geriatric patients diagnosed with chronic subdural hematoma and hospitalized for the last 5 years in neurosurgery department of Izmir Katip Çelebi University Hospital with the permission of local ethical committee of medical faculty. Data was recorded and analyzed with appropriate method by using SPSS v18.
Results: Mean age was 78.43 ± 7.51 years, mean Charlson comorbidity index was 5.87 ± 2.97. Falling events were responsible for 59 (85.5%) out of 69 chronic subdural hematoma cases. Potentially inappropriate medication usage according to Beers 2019 criteria was found in 20 (29%) patients. Inappropriate medications belonged to cardiovascular system (14.5%) class and antiplatelet/anticoagulant (14.5%) class mostly. When group was divided into two groups as patients who used potentially inappropriate medication or not, Charlson comorbidity index was found to be higher in the first group. (p 0.05). Charlson comorbidity index and number of medications showed significant correlation (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: We could not reach a significant correlation between fall, Charlson comorbidity index and potentially inappropriate medication usage in our retrospective study. Small study population size, unreliable medical records and relatively healthy characteristics of population may contribute to crossing results.
The relation between joint physical custody, interparental conflict, and children's mental health
Authors: Augustijn Lara 
Published: April 2021

Objective: This study investigated the relationship between joint physical custody and children’s mental health, and tested whether interparental conflict moderated the association.
Background: Joint physical custody is an emerging post-separation care arrangement that is expected to counter the negative effects of family dissolution on children’s overall well-being. There is, however, substantial disagreement about the impact that joint physical custody may have on children’s mental health when interparental conflict is high.
Method: The statistical analysis was based on data from the Family Models in Germany (FAMOD) study, which was conducted in 2019. The analytical sample consisted of 1,087 post-separation families practicing either sole physical custody or joint physical custody. Linear regression models were estimated to determine the relationship between physical custody arrangements, interparental conflict, and children’s mental health problems.
Results: Living in a joint physical custody arrangement was positively related to children's mental health, whereas high levels of interparental conflict were negatively related to children's mental health. However, when levels of interparental conflict were high children in joint physical custody arrangements displayed levels of mental health problems that were quite similar to those of children in sole physical custody arrangements.
Conclusion: The findings emphasize that joint physical custody is not a "one-size-fits-all model" that is suitable for all post-separation families, and that it is only beneficial for children's mental health when interparental conflict is low.
Physician’s knowledges and cogitations during making of clinical diagnosis
Authors: Tetenev F. F. , Bodrova T. N. 
Published: April 2021

The Authors do the attempt to understand and explain, what image a physician in complex clinical situation puts the diagnosis of disease, which it does not know. Such possible if physician speculates on clinical picture. It is offerred differentiate the notions «knowledges» and «cogitations of physician».The cogitations of physician exceed the volume of concrete its knowledges (including reference literature) due to presentation and imagination, which allow to build the diagnostic hypothesises and goal-directed to lead searching for new for itself knowledges in process of checking the hypothesises. The development of ability to speculate on clinical picture provide the knowledges:1. General and private semiology.2. Characteristics an symptoms, syndromes, diagnosis.3. The main laws of logic, философии and the general pathology.Allegorizes and is motivated the judgement that study of theory of diagnostics promotes the development of ability to speculate the clinical thinking on clinical picture and active shaping.
Using of oxygenic infusion solutions in treatment of patients with bronchial asthma
Authors: Belousov E. V. , Dambaev G. Ts. , Avramchik O. A. , Korotkova E. I. , Belousova N. I. , Kutsenko A. E. 
Published: April 2021

Oxygen concentration before and after oxygenation and relaxation time were determined by the method of cathodic voltammetry in infusion solutions, such as physiologic solution — 0.9% NaCl, Ringer-Locc’s solution, glucose — 10%, poliglucin, haemodes, oxigenated by 5 athm. pressure.There were given the recommendations for practical usage of oxigenated infusical solutions.The most optimal solutions for the oxygenotherapy are physiologic solution and poliglucin. 12 patients with bronchial asthma were treated with these solutions successfully.
The role of osteochondrous and spondylarthrosis reflex syndromes in the development of postdiskectomy syndrome
Authors: Kolotov Ye. B. , Lutsik A. A. , Mironov A. V. , Alekseyevsky I. K. 
Published: April 2021

To study osteochondrous and spondylarthrosis reflex syndromes in patients operated on for herniated intervertebral disks, and to develop diagnostic and treatment options.Alcohol-novocaine blockades have been used to perform denervation of vertebral joints and dereception of mtervertebral disks in 39 patients who underwent surgical compression. Reflex-pain syndrome was evoked by solution injection into defined vertebral joint or into intervertebral disk. Subsequent anesthetic injection arrested pain syndrome justifying its provocative source.Clinical recovery and significant improvement demonstrated 85,6% (p < 0,05) of studied patients following dereception (denervation) procedure. Long-term therapeutic effect was found to be stable.
Application cognitive of gymnastics for patients after the ischemic stroke at the sanatorium stage of rehabilitation
Authors: Boiko Ye. A. , Kulishova T. V. , Shumakher G. I. , Sidorova T. I. , Yusupkhodzhayev R. V. 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of work was improvement cognitive functions at patients after an ischemic insult in the early regenerative period by inclusion in a complex of rehabilitation cognitive gymnastics.123 patients in the age of from 45 till 60 years after an insult are surveyed. Sick by a method of casual selection are divided on two groups, at 61 the complex of physical rehabilitation joined regular employment cognitive gymnastics, the others 62 patients received a standard complex of rehabilitation actions. An estimation cognitive functions it was carried out with use of following techniques: the reduced multifactorial questionnaire for research of the person, «Memory for the images», «Memory on numbers», «Tables Shultie», a brief scale of an estimation of the mental status (MMSE), a questionnaire «Quality of a life» SF-36.After a rate of employment cognitive gymnastics have improved cognitive functions: frustration of short-term memory and any attention have considerably decreased, the degree of quality of a life has raised, the mood has improved, the level of asteno-neurotic reactions and leaving in illness has decreased, the self-estimation has raised. The undesirable phenomena at one of patients during the lead treatment it has not been revealed.Employment cognitive gymnastics are effective at patients after an insult in complex sanatorium rehabilitation owing to positive action on cognitive functions, to increase of a degree of quality of a life.
Pituitary metastases as a rare variant of intracranial metastasis
Authors: Osnitskaya A. V. , Olyushin V. Ye. 
Published: April 2021

Metastatiс spread of neoplasms to the pituitary gland is a relatively common finding in autopsy series of cancer patients. The majority of these patients were asymptomatic. Only 1% of all pituitary surgeries are performed to treat tumors that have metastasized to the pituitary gland. From 1993 through 2008, 3 patients with symptoms arising from tumor metastasis to the pituitary gland were evaluated at the Russian Polenov Neurosurgical Institute.Breast and lung cancers are the most common diseases that metastasize to the pituitary.In two patients, the primary malignancy was breast. In one case, the primary tumor was lung. Diabetes insipidus, anterior pituitary dysfunction, visual field defects, headache/pain, and ophthalmoplegia were the most commonly reported symptoms. Differentiation of pituitary metastasis from other pituitary tumors based on neuroimaging alone can be difficult, although certain features, such as thickening of the pituitary stalk, invasion of the cavernous sinus, and sclerosis of the surrounding sella turcica, can indicate metastasis to the pituitary gland. Although surgical series have not shown any significant survival benefits given by tumor resection, the patient's quality of life may be improved.
Epidemiology and structure concomitant craniocerebral and skeletal injuries in Tashkent
Authors: Turapov A. A. , Rabinovich S. S. , Makhkamov K. E. , Burnashev M. E. , Valiyev E. Yu. , Musayev T. S. 
Published: April 2021

In period of 2001—2004 in Tashkent we observe growing concomitant craniocerebral and skeletal injuries (CCCSI) on 4,8% per annum. People of working age (at the age of 21—60) often get concomitant craniocerebral and skeletal injuries (CCCSI) though males dominate at the age of 21—40. But at the age of 15—20 and above 60 years old females get a CCCSI in 2—2,5 times higher, than males.Patients admission to hospital at different times greatly differentiates: the largest was in period from 13 to 18 hours and smallest was from 0 to 6 hours. Road trauma appearance is principal cause of concomitant craniocerebral and skeletal injuries (CCCSI) in Tashkent in all the years of observation. It has the tendency to grow from 19,4 to 29,1%. Noticeable growing of concomitant craniocerebral and skeletal injuries (CCCSI) is alarming at the work and in sport. The severe skeleton injuries were dominant among all kind of injuries.
Osteosarcoma Mimicking Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor of the Hip in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Parisien Robert L. , Farooqi Ali S. , Cusano Antonio , Jo Stephanie Y. , Molligan Jeremy D. , Kelly John D. 
Published: April 2021

Case:
A 17-year-old boy presented to the clinic complaining of right hip pain after soccer participation. Clinical findings and imaging studies led to the diagnoses of femoroacetabular impingement and diffuse tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT). Comprehensive arthroscopic management and biopsy revealed a diagnosis of osteosarcoma. The patient subsequently underwent chemotherapy, surgical resection, and reconstruction.

Conclusion:
Osteosarcoma of the proximal femur may mimic TGCT on imaging studies because osteosarcoma may show changes suggestive of inflammation. We recommend heightened clinical awareness and a comprehensive differential workup in the management of presumed TGCT about the hip in the pediatric patient population.
Comparison of various chemical compounds for the removal of SO2 and NOx with wet scrubbing for marine diesel engines.
Authors: Chin Terence , Tam Ivan , Yin Chun-Yang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Seawater, NaOH, NaClO, NaClO2, H2O2 and KMnO4 were used as scrubbing liquids to react with SOx and NOx separately in a customized wet scrubber. The absorption of SO2 in the aqueous phase was influenced by three factors: pH, ionic concentration and oxidation potential. For NOx removal, the effectiveness of various chemical compounds can be ranked from least to most effective as follows: Seawater, NaOH, H2O2 < NaClO < KMnO4 < NaClO2. This effectiveness was influenced by the chemical compound’s ability to oxidize NO to NO2, absorb the NO2 that was formed and retaining the nitrogen in the aqueous phase. High oxidation potential promoted the oxidation of NO to NO2 but hindered the absorption of NO2. NaClO2 was superior compared to NaClO in all three categories of oxidizing, absorption and retention. NaClO could not retain a significant amount of NO2 which it absorbed in the aqueous phase. The pH around 8 provided a good balance between oxidation versus absorption/retention and reactant utilization for the chlorine-based oxidants. KMnO4 had the lowest reactant consumption rate; only half a mole was consumed for every mole of NO removed, compared to around 2–3 moles of chlorite or 3–5 moles of hypochlorite.
Simultaneous Detection of Pathogens and Tumors in Patients With Suspected Infections by Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Su Jiachun , Han Xu , Xu Xiaogang , Ding Wenchao , Li Ming , Wang Weiqin , Tian Mi , Chen Xiyuan , Xu Binbin , Chen Zhongqing , Yuan Jinyi , Qin Xiaohua , Lin Dongfang , Wang Ruilan , Gong Ye , Pan Liping , Wang Jun , Wang Minggui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Differential diagnosis of patients with suspected infections is particularly difficult, but necessary for prompt diagnosis and rational use of antibiotics. A substantial proportion of these patients have non-infectious diseases that include malignant tumors. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technologies are used with increasing frequency to aid clinical diagnosis of patients with suspected infections. Methods: Based upon mNGS technologies and chromosomal copy number variation (CNV) analysis on abundant human genome, a new workflow named Onco-mNGS was established to simultaneously detect pathogens and malignant tumors in patients with suspected infections. Results: Of 140 patients screened by Onco-mNGS testing at four hospitals in Shanghai, 115 patients were diagnosed with infections; 17 had obvious abnormal CNV signals indicating malignant tumors that were confirmed clinically. The sensitivity and specificity of mNGS testing for diagnosis of a clinically relevant infection was 53.0% (61/115) and 60% (15/25), respectively, vs 20.9% (24/115) and 96.0% (24/25), respectively, for conventional microbiological testing (both P<0.01). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common pathogen detected by mNGS, followed by E. coli and viruses. The chromosomal abnormalities of the 17 cases included genome-wide variations and local variations of a certain chromosome. Five of 17 patients had a final confirmed with malignant tumors, including three lung adenocarcinomas and two hematological tumors; one patient was highly suspected to have lymphoma; and 11 patients had a prior history of malignant tumor.Conclusions: This preliminary study demonstrates the feasibility and clinical value of using Onco-mNGS to simultaneously search for potential pathogens and malignant tumors in patients with suspected infections.
Unbalanced Budget Distribution for Automatic Algorithm Configuration
Authors: Ghambari Soheila , Rakhshani Hojjat , Lepagnot Julien , Jourdan Laetitia , Idoumghar Lhassane 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Optimization algorithms often have several critical setting parameters and the improvement of the empirical performance of these algorithms depends on tuning them. Manually configuration of such parameters is a tedious task that results in unsatisfactory outputs. Therefore, several automatic algorithm configuration frameworks have been proposed to regulate the parameters of a given algorithm for a series of problem instances. Although the developed frameworks perform very well to deal with various problems, however, there is still a trade-off between the accuracy and budget requirements that need to be addressed. This work investigates the performance of unbalanced distribution of budget for different configurations to deal with the automatic algorithm configuration problem. Inspired by the bandit-based approaches, the main goal is to find a better configuration that substantially improves the performance of the target algorithm while using a smaller run time budget. In this work, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is employed as a target algorithm using jMetalPy software platform and the multimodal multi-objective optimization (MMO) test suite of CEC'2020 is used as a set of test problems. We did a comprehensive comparison with other known methods including random search, Bayesian optimization, SMAC, ParamILS, irace, and MAC methods. The experimental results interestingly proved the efficiency of the proposed approach for automatic algorithm configuration with a minimum time budget in comparison with other competitors.
Study on the JH-2 Model Parameters for Metro Shield Cutting Reinforced Concrete Pile
Authors: Xu Ping , Zuo Sixian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to investigate the application of JH-2 (Johnson-Holmquist-2) constitutive model in concrete, a series of parameters study have been conducted to evaluate the JH-2 model in C30 concrete. The finite element analysis software ABAQUS is utilized to simulate the compression test of the three-dimensional standard concrete test based on the ALE adaptive mesh and the damage failure criterion of element deletion function. The numerical analysis of 3D concrete pile foundation and simplified shield machine cutterhead to simulate shield cutting pile is established. Analyzing the numerical simulation and construction data, the key points of the shield machine cutting pile are illustrated. Research shows that: (1) JH-2 constitutive model can be used to simulate the concrete cutting. (2) The better damage parameters have been represented and verified against the results of experiments, which are the D1 = 0.6 and D2 = 0.1 in the JH-2 model of C30 concrete. (3) In the simulation example of concrete compression and cutting pile, the failure form of concrete is brittle failure, and the non-linear characteristics of concrete has been observed. (4) The simulated torque vibration of the cutterhead is relatively large than actual pile cutting, and the actual shield machine cutting pile construction should have a low rotation speed and low propulsion speed.
Appraising the Historical and Projected Spatiotemporal Changes in Heat Index in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Mahzabin Binte , Salam Roquia , I Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Tasnuva Anjum , Haque Ubydul , Shahid Shamsuddin , Hu Zhenghua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Climate change-derived extreme heat phenomena are one of the major concerns across the globe, including Bangladesh. The appraisal of ongoing spatiotemporal changes and possible future change in heat index (HI) is essential for developing heat stress mitigation strategies. However, the climate-health nexus is scarcely studied in Bangladesh. This study was intended to appraise historical and projected changes in HI across Bangladesh. The HI was computed from daily dry bulb temperature and relative humidity. The modified Mann-Kendal (MMK) test and linear regression were used to detect trends in HI for the observed period (1985–2015). The future change in HI was projected for the mid-century (2041– 2070) for three Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) as 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5 scenarios. The results revealed a monotonic rise in the HI and extreme caution conditions, especially in the humid summer season for most parts of Bangladesh for the observed period (1985-2015). Future projections of HI revealed a continuous rise in HI in the forthcoming period (2041-2070). A higher increase in HI was projected in the northern, western, and south-central regions, while a decrease in the northwestern region in the future. Bangladesh should take region-specific adaptation strategies to mitigate the impacts of HI.
Factors Correlated with Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Awareness and Use among Black Adults in the United States: Implications for Improving PrEP Uptake
Authors: Wilson Kennethea A. , Przybyla Sarahmona M. , Bleasdale Jacob , Gabriel Steven , Leblanc Natalie , Vil Noelle St. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the United States, low rates of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness and utilization persist among Black adults. To date, few studies have assessed PrEP awareness and use among a nationally representative sample of Black adults. The present study explored factors associated with PrEP awareness and use among Black adults in the United States. Most participants were unaware of PrEP (71%). Those reporting a history of incarceration [aOR 1.73 (1.04, 2.90), p <.05] and lifetime sexually transmitted infection testing [aOR 1.76 (1.19, 2.59), p <.05] had greater odds of awareness. In the sample, only 6% of participants had ever taken PrEP. Those with a history of incarceration [aOR 9.96 (2.82, 35.14), p <.05], concurrent sexual partners [aOR 1.09 (1.00, 1.18), p <.05], and substance use during sex [aOR 4.23 (1.02, 17.48), p <.05] had greater odds of use. Interventions to improve PrEP uptake among Black adults must consider the contextual factors associated with awareness and use.
A ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide containing a β-amino acid and a macrocyclic motif
Authors: Wang Shan , Fang Qing , Gyampoh Roland , Lu Zhou , Gao Yingli , Clarke David , Yu Yi , Kyeremeh Kwaku , Milne Bruce , Tabudravu Jioji , Deng Hai 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are structurally complex naturally occurring metabolites across all three domains of life. Despite the structural diversity of RiPPs that stems from the extensive post-translational modifications, only α-amino acid residues have been found in known RiPPs. Here we report discovery of a new 27-mer peptide, kintamdin, using comprehensive MS and NMR structural elucidation and genomic analysis together with computational modelling. The peptide features a β-amino acid residue and a new thioether macrocyclic ring. Heterologous expression and gene inactivation allowed the identification of the minimal biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC). The gene products in kin BGC share low homologues compared to other known RiPP pathways, further rendering the novelty of kintamdin. Biochemical analysis indicated that KinO mediate di-methylation reaction to yield kintamidn. Finally, the occurrence of the kin-like BGCs in Gram-positive bacteria suggested the biological importance of this new group of RiPPs.
Vaccination Intentions Generate Racial Disparities in the Societal Persistence of COVID-19
Authors: Wang Yanchao , Ristea Alina , Amiri Mehrnaz , Dooley Dan , Gibbons Sage , Grabowski Hannah , Hargraves Lee , Kovacevic Nikola , Roman Anthony , Schutt Russell K. , Gao Jianxi , Wang Qi , O'Brien Daniel T. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We combined survey, mobility, and infections data in greater Boston, MA to simulate the effects of racial disparities in the inclination to become vaccinated on continued infection rates and the attainment of herd immunity. The simulation projected marked inequities, with communities of color experiencing infection rates 3 times higher than predominantly White communities and reaching herd immunity 45 days later on average. Persuasion of individuals uncertain about vaccination was crucial to preventing the worst inequities but could only narrow them so far because 1/5th of Black and Latinx individuals said that they would never vaccinate. The results point to a need for well-crafted, compassionate messaging that reaches out to those most resistant to the vaccine.