bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptual Evaluation of Vocal Fold Vibratory Asymmetry
Authors: Azar Shaghauyegh S. , Pillutla Pranati , Evans Lauran K. , Zhang Zhaoyan , Kreiman Jody , Chhetri Dinesh K. 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesLaryngeal vibratory asymmetry occurring with paresis may result in a perceptually normal or abnormal voice. The present study aims to determine the relationships between the degree of vibratory asymmetry, acoustic measures, and perception of sound stimuli.Study DesignAnimal Model of Voice Production, Perceptual Analysis of Voice.MethodsIn an in vivo canine model of phonation, symmetric and asymmetric laryngeal vibration were obtained via graded unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) stimulation simulating near paralysis to full activation. Phonation was performed at various contralateral RLN and bilateral superior laryngeal nerve stimulation levels. Naïve listeners rated the perceptual quality of 182 unique phonatory samples using a visual sort‐and‐rate task. Cepstral peak prominence (CPP) was calculated for each phonatory condition. The relationships among vibratory symmetry, CPP, and perceptual ratings were evaluated.ResultsA significant relationship emerged between RLN stimulation and perceptual rating, such that sound samples from low RLN levels were preferred to those from high RLN levels. When symmetric vibration was achieved at mid‐RLN stimulation, listeners preferred samples from symmetric vibration over those from asymmetric vibration. However, when symmetry was achieved at high RLN levels, a strained voice quality resulted that listeners dispreferred over asymmetric conditions at lower RLN levels. CPP did not have a linear relationship with perceptual ratings.ConclusionsLaryngeal vibratory asymmetry produces variable perceptual differences in phonatory sound quality. Though CPP has been correlated with dysphonia in previous research, its complex relationship with quality limits its usefulness as clinical marker of voice quality perception.Level of EvidenceNA, basic science Laryngoscope, 131:2740–2746, 2021
Flipping Lakes: Explaining concepts of catchment‐scale water management through a serious game
Authors: Armstrong Margaret , Kramer Lilith , de Senerpont Domis Lisette Nicole , van Wijk Dianneke , Gsell Alena Sonja , Mooij Wolf M. , Teurlincx Sven 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOngoing anthropogenic and climatic pressures on inland waters have made water quality management a challenge of the 21st century. A holistic catchment‐scale approach to water management which includes stakeholder participation will be a key in maintaining lake health. A first step toward community engagement is to bolster environmental literacy on lake management, ecology, and eutrophication concepts of stakeholders now and in future generations. However, communicating with nonwater professionals about effects of pollution on water quality and catchment‐scale interactions across space and time can be difficult. Here, we present “Flipping Lakes,” a games‐based method for lake professionals to communicate and educate about catchment‐level water quality management to diverse audiences. In Flipping Lakes, the players take on the role of water managers in a catchment and are tasked to prevent a lake from “flipping” from a clear to a turbid state. During the game, the catchment slowly becomes polluted by a range of sources of which the effects are exacerbated by societal or climatic scenarios. Players need to implement measures while taking into consideration the intrinsic properties of the catchment in order to keep lakes clean. The game was tested with a diverse range of user groups and was well‐received. With its entertaining and accessible content, Flipping Lakes can lower communication barriers and increase understanding of difficult water quality concepts. The game is highly customizable, making it applicable to a variety of settings to support education and engagement of stakeholders and the broader community in order to address local water challenges around the globe.
A 6 to 12 GHz wideband analog voltage‐controlled phase shifter with IL compensation architecture
Authors: Li Zhenrong , Qiao Jia , Wang Yuxin , Wang Zeyuan , Yu Liyan , Zhuang Yiqi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article describes a 6–12 GHz voltage‐controlled analog phase shifter (APS) with small gain variation range and low phase error. An insertion loss compensation architecture for reducing the gain error of the whole circuit is proposed to compress the gain variation range. The combination of a quadrature signal generator and an analog adder is used to save area and power. Implemented in 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology, the proposed APS achieves the coverage of 180° continuous phase variation with the gate voltages VI and VQ monotonously changing from 1.6 to 2.4 V. And the core size of the chip excluding the pads is 0.215 mm2. The measured RMS phase and gain errors are below 3.94° and 2.67 dB in the design frequency range for all effective phase state, respectively. The power consumption of the phase shifter is 89.1 mW upon 3.3 V supply voltage.
Compact quasi‐elliptic SIR‐SIW filter with multiple transmission zeros
Authors: Song Shulin , Guo Yu , Wang Yang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a compact quasi‐elliptic stepped impedance resonator‐substrate integrated waveguide (SIR‐SIW) bandpass filter with multiple transmission zeros (TZs) has been proposed. The SIR‐SIW filter consists of SIW cavity and SIR. The employment of SIR makes it possible to realize multiple energy coupling paths within a compact area for introduction of multiple TZs. The SIW is used for its high Q, low loss characteristics. Besides, two TZs are introduced by the SIW. Including energy coupling path between source and load, totally four TZs besides the passband are realized. A miniature (0.3 λg2) four‐pole, four‐transmission zero filter with high selectivity is realized. Experimental verification is provided and a good agreement has been found between simulation and measurement.
Improved unsupervised physics‐informed deep learning for intravoxel incoherent motion modeling and evaluation in pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Kaandorp Misha P. T. , Barbieri Sebastiano , Klaassen Remy , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , Crezee Hans , While Peter T. , Nederveen Aart J. , Gurney‐Champion Oliver J. 
Published: June 2021

PurposeEarlier work showed that IVIM‐NETorig, an unsupervised physics‐informed deep neural network, was faster and more accurate than other state‐of‐the‐art intravoxel‐incoherent motion (IVIM) fitting approaches to diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI). This study presents a substantially improved version, IVIM‐NEToptim, and characterizes its superior performance in pancreatic cancer patients.MethodIn simulations (signal‐to‐noise ratio [SNR] = 20), the accuracy, independence, and consistency of IVIM‐NET were evaluated for combinations of hyperparameters (fit S0, constraints, network architecture, number of hidden layers, dropout, batch normalization, learning rate), by calculating the normalized root‐mean‐square error (NRMSE), Spearman’s ρ, and the coefficient of variation (CVNET), respectively. The best performing network, IVIM‐NEToptim was compared to least squares (LS) and a Bayesian approach at different SNRs. IVIM‐NEToptim’s performance was evaluated in an independent dataset of 23 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Fourteen of the patients received no treatment between two repeated scan sessions and nine received chemoradiotherapy between the repeated sessions. Intersession within‐subject standard deviations (wSD) and treatment‐induced changes were assessed.ResultsIn simulations (SNR = 20), IVIM‐NEToptim outperformed IVIM‐NETorig in accuracy (NRMSE(D) = 0.177 vs 0.196; NMRSE(f) = 0.220 vs 0.267; NMRSE(D*) = 0.386 vs 0.393), independence (ρ(D*, f) = 0.22 vs 0.74), and consistency (CVNET(D) = 0.013 vs 0.104; CVNET(f) = 0.020 vs 0.054; CVNET(D*) = 0.036 vs 0.110). IVIM‐NEToptim showed superior performance to the LS and Bayesian approaches at SNRs < 50. In vivo, IVIM‐NEToptim showed significantly less noisy parameter maps with lower wSD for D and f than the alternatives. In the treated cohort, IVIM‐NEToptim detected the most individual patients with significant parameter changes compared to day‐to‐day variations.ConclusionIVIM‐NEToptim is recommended for accurate, informative, and consistent IVIM fitting to DWI data.
A split‐label design for simultaneous measurements of perfusion in distant slices by pulsed arterial spin labeling
Authors: Baligand Celine , Hirschler Lydiane , Veeger Thom T. J. , Václavů Lena , Franklin Suzanne L. , van Osch Matthias J. P. , Kan Hermien E. 
Published: June 2021

PurposeMultislice arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI acquisitions are currently challenging in skeletal muscle because of long transit times, translating into low‐perfusion SNR in distal slices when large spatial coverage is required. However, fiber type and oxidative capacity vary along the length of healthy muscles, calling for multislice acquisitions in clinical studies. We propose a new variant of flow alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) that generates sufficient ASL signal to monitor exercise‐induced perfusion changes in muscle in two distant slices.MethodsLabel around and between two 7‐cm distant slices was created by applying the presaturation/postsaturation and selective inversion modules selectively to each slice (split‐label multislice FAIR). Images were acquired using simultaneous multislice EPI. We validated our approach in the brain to take advantage of the high resting‐state perfusion, and applied it in the lower leg muscle during and after exercise, interleaved with a single‐slice FAIR as a reference.ResultsWe show that standard multislice FAIR leads to an underestimation of perfusion, while the proposed split‐label multislice approach shows good agreement with separate single‐slice FAIR acquisitions in brain, as well as in muscle following exercise.ConclusionSplit‐label FAIR allows measuring muscle perfusion in two distant slices simultaneously without losing sensitivity in the distal slice.
Measurement of serial serum total and acylated ghrelin levels in critically ill patients: A prospective and observational pilot study
Authors: Karaca Zahide , Yüksel Recep Civan , Gunes Sahin Gulsah , Sungur Neslihan , Temel Sahin , Baskol Gulden , Arikan Bahadir T. , Sungur Murat , Gundogan Kursat 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundGhrelin is a hormone that regulates appetite and energy metabolism. The change of serial serum total and acylated ghrelin levels during hospital stays of critical patients are unknown. In addition, the relationship of this change with the clinical results of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is also unknown. The aim of this study was to determine serum total and acylated ghrelin levels serially in critically ill patients.MethodsThis prospective study was performed in the ICU. Patients who were >18 years old and stayed in ICU for >48 h were included in the study. Serum total and acylated ghrelin concentrations were measured at baseline in all participants and serially on the 2nd, 5th, and 10th day after entry into the study in those who remained in the ICU.ResultsA total of 60 participants were included. The mean age was 56 ± 21 years. (Baseline, 2nd, 5th, and 10th day median serum total ghrelin levels were 3551 (1651–3995), 3485.20 (1379–4071), 3359 (1167–3919), and 3355 pg/ml (2207–3843), respectively. Baseline, 2nd, 5th, and 10th day acylated ghrelin levels were 47 (0–673), 50 (0–730), 73 (0–808), and 125 pg/ml (0–689), respectively. There was no significant difference between total ghrelin/acylated ghrelin levels and mortality (P > .05). ICU mortality was 30%.ConclusionGhrelin levels were decreased slightly and acylated ghrelin levels increased substantially over time in critically ill patients. There were no differences between serum total ghrelin/acylated ghrelin levels and ICU mortality .
Anlotinib Monotherapy for Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Phase III Trial (ALTER0703)
Authors: Chi Yihebali , Shu Yongqian , Ba Yi , Bai Yuxian , Qin Baoli , Wang Xiuwen , Xiong Jianping , Xu Nong , Zhang Helong , Zhou Jianfeng , Xu Jianming , Cheng Ying , Feng Jifeng , Hu Chunhong , Chen Yigui , Chen Zhendong , Wang Jufeng , Dang Chengxue , Wang Jianhong , Wan Yiye , Tang Yong , Wang Donglin , liu Jiang , Wu Minhui , Deng Yanhong , Li Xingwen , Li Yongqiang , Dong Jian , Jiang Da , Li Guisheng , Wu Qiong , Li Jin , Qi Yujuan , Sun Yongkun , Cai Jianqiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Treatment options for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) were limited. Anlotinib is a novel multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor. ALTER0703 study was conducted to assess efficacy and safety of anlotinib for patients with refractory mCRC.

Materials and Methods
This was a multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized phase III trial involving 33 hospitals in China. Patients had taken at least two lines of therapies were 2:1 randomized to receive oral anlotinib (12 mg/day; days 1–14; 21 days per cycle) or placebo, plus best supportive care. Randomization was stratified by previous VEGF-targeting treatments and time from diagnosis to metastases. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), quality of life (QoL), and safety.

Results
A total of 419 patients (anlotinib: 282; placebo: 137) were treated from December 2014 to August 2016. The median PFS was improved in anlotinib group (4.1 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4–4.5) over placebo group (1.5 months; 95% CI, 1.4–1.5), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.34 (95% CI, 0.27–0.43; p &lt; .0001). However, median OS was similar between two groups (8.6 months; 95% CI, 7.8–9.7 vs. 7.2 months; 95% CI, 6.2–8.8; HR, 1.02; p = .870). Improvements of ORR and DCR were observed in anlotinib over placebo. The most common grade ≥ 3 anlotinib related adverse events were hypertension (20.92%), increased γ-GT (7.09%), and hand-foot skin reaction (6.38%).

Conclusion
Anlotinib was tolerated in Chinese patients with refractory mCRC. Although OS did not reach significant difference, anlotinib still provided clinical benefits by substantially prolonged PFS in these patients.

Implications for Practice
In this randomized clinical trial that included 419 patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer, substantial prolonged in progression-free survival was noted in patients who received anlotinib compared with those given placebo. Improvements on objective response rate and disease control rate was also observed in anlotinib group. However, overall survival was similar between the two groups. In a word, in third-line or above treatment of Chinese patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer, anlotinib provided clinical benefit by significantly prolonged progression-free survival.
Distribution, morphometry, and ice content of ice‐wedge polygons in Tombstone Territorial Park, central Yukon, Canada
Authors: Frappier Roxanne , Lacelle Denis 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInvestigations of the regional distribution of ice‐wedge polygons and wedge‐ice volume allow for the assessment of the vulnerability of permafrost landscapes to thaw‐induced disturbances and related ecological feedbacks. Ice‐wedge polygons have been described in multiple studies in flat terrain and low‐gradient hillslopes, but few studies have examined ice‐wedge polygons in mountainous terrain. This study investigates the distribution, morphometry, and wedge‐ice content of ice‐wedge polygons in Tombstone Territorial Park, a mountainous permafrost region in central Yukon. Results show that ice‐wedge polygons occupy 2.6% of the park and preferentially develop in woody sedge peat, glaciofluvial, and alluvial deposits along the lower reaches of the Blackstone and East Blackstone rivers on hillslopes ≤1°. The morphometry of five of six polygonal sites studied showed statistically similar polygon sizes and trough angles, while showing different development stages based on vegetation type, surface wetness, and spatial pattern. The estimation of wedge‐ice volumes in the ice‐wedge polygons is 8–22% and is comparable to that of other Arctic regions. However, the estimated wedge‐ice volume represents a minimum value because older generations of ice wedges are truncated 3–4 m below the surface with no evidence of surface polygons, and the polygonal network can be obscured by slope processes, vegetation, and ice‐wedge inactivity. This study provides insights into the application of morphometric and soil parameters for the assessment of ice‐wedge polygon distribution and development stages.
Risk‐based explosion hazard analysis and building upgrades in industrial facilities to prevent blast failures
Authors: Sari Ali , Sayin Baris 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAccidental loadings such as blast loadings constitute the great majority of potential and actual fatalities in industrial facilities. To prevent human loss and injuries, and for a safe design or blast assessment of an industrial building, the risks of these accidental loadings should be quantified in terms of both probability/frequency and consequence aspects. In this paper, we propose a combined risk‐based approach for the assessment of all accidental loadings. The study includes a newly developed risk‐based method that can be used for blast analyses of buildings in industrial facilities. The methodology is introduced for blast design/analysis of structures in industrial facilities with explosion hazards. Within this scope, the paper presents an evaluation of explosion hazards in industrial facilities. The study also focuses on a series of vital phases in the analysis and design stages, including explosion modeling, building screening analysis, detailed structural analysis, conceptual structural upgrade design, and final upgrade design. Finally, upgrade techniques for buildings in industrial facilities against explosions are also provided to minimize the individual risk.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cell-Based Interventions in Experimental Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Hickson LaTonya J. , Abedalqader Tala , Ben-Bernard Gift , Mondy Jayla M. , Bian Xiaohui , Conley Sabena M. , Zhu Xiangyang , Herrmann Sandra M. , Kukla Aleksandra , Lorenz Elizabeth C. , Kim Seo Rin , Thorsteinsdottir Bjorg , Lerman Lilach O. , Murad M. Hassan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRegenerative, cell-based therapy is a promising treatment option for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which has no cure. To prepare for clinical translation, this systematic review and meta-analysis summarized the effect of cell-based interventions in DKD animal models and treatment-related factors modifying outcomes. Electronic databases were searched for original investigations applying cell-based therapy in diabetic animals with kidney endpoints (January 1998-May 2019). Weighted or standardized mean differences were estimated for kidney outcomes and pooled using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses tested treatment-related factor effects for outcomes (creatinine, urea, urine protein, fibrosis, and inflammation). In 40 studies (992 diabetic rodents), therapy included mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC; 61%), umbilical cord/amniotic fluid cells (UC/AF; 15%), non-MSC (15%), and cell-derived products (13%). Tissue sources included bone marrow (BM; 65%), UC/AF (15%), adipose (9%), and others (11%). Cell-based therapy significantly improved kidney function while reducing injury markers (proteinuria, histology, fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, oxidative stress). Preconditioning, xenotransplantation, and disease-source approaches were effective. MSC and UC/AF cells had greater effect on kidney function while cell products improved fibrosis. BM and UC/AF tissue sources more effectively improved kidney function and proteinuria vs adipose or other tissues. Cell dose, frequency, and administration route also imparted different benefits. In conclusion, cell-based interventions in diabetic animals improved kidney function and reduced injury with treatment-related factors modifying these effects. These findings may aid in development of optimal repair strategies through selective use of cells/products, tissue sources, and dose administrations to allow for successful adaptation of this novel therapeutic in human DKD.
Dünnglas‐Verbundelemente mit additiv gefertigtem Polymerkern: Formfindung, Fügeverfahren und Untersuchung der Biegesteifigkeit
Authors: Pfarr Daniel , Tasche Silke , Nicklisch Felix , Louter Christian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDer hier vorliegende Aufsatz beschreibt den Entwurf eines Verbundelements bestehend aus äußeren Dünngläsern und einer inneren, additiv gefertigten Polymerkernstruktur. Der Fokus der Forschungsarbeit liegt auf der Konstruktion eines Sandwichelements, welches aufgrund der verwendeten Materialien und Herstellungsverfahren völlig neue Flexibilität im Entwurfsprozess einer Glasfassade ermöglicht. Für den aussteifenden Kern werden drei mögliche Strukturen entwickelt und auf ihre Eignung für den Einsatz in dem Verbundelement untersucht. Die Herstellung erster Prototypen zeigt sowohl das architektonische Potenzial als auch fertigungsbedingte Besonderheiten. Weiterhin wird auf Grundlage der Sandwichtheorie das mechanische Verhalten der Konstruktion mithilfe eines 4‐Punkt‐Biegeversuchs untersucht. Anhand der gewonnenen Ergebnisse kann das mechanische Potenzial des Verbundelements unterstrichen werden. Aber auch zu bewältigende Herausforderungen für einen sicheren Einsatz in Fassaden werden konkretisiert.
Beyond ‘food apartheid’: Civil society and the politicization of hunger in New Haven, Connecticut
Authors: Corcoran Mary P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article illuminates the extent of community‐based activism around food justice in New Haven, CT. Data was gathered through 28 in‐depth interviews with civil society actors and participant observation across the food policy and urban agriculture (UA) sectors in the Fall of 2018. The paper traces the challenges that the sector faces in advancing a more democratic food agenda even when the municipality is relatively open to activist claims. Three key findings are identified. (a) Following in the American communitarian tradition, civil society groups working at grassroots level largely set the agenda for tackling food hunger in New Haven. That agenda, however, is broad‐based and contradictory, incorporating initiatives aimed at addressing food insecurity and radical advocacy for food justice. (b) The efforts of civil society actors are structurally constrained by their dependence on philanthropic or grant‐based funding, on the one hand, and the symbolic rather than substantive support afforded by a fiscally weak, resource‐poor municipality, on the other. (c) There is an inherent tension within the civil society sector arising from the disjuncture between strategies that have the effect of depoliticizing hunger and those that increasingly demand a repoliticization of hunger. These issues have been brought into sharper relief in light of the COVID‐19 pandemic crisis and the 2020 Black Lives Matter (BLM) mobilization, which, in concert, expose deep fissures in American society.