bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ding Xilin's Chinese Translation of The Man of Destiny
Authors: Li Kay 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
This article examines Ding Xilin's (丁西林) (1893–1974) Chinese translation of The Man of Destiny by making use of artificial intelligence and machine learning functionalities on IBM Cloud Computing Platforms to decipher Ding's cultural translation. While an untrained model of IBM Natural Language Understanding reveals Ding's using the translation to criticize imperialism, a trained machine learning model using IBM Watson Knowledge Studio shows the qualities of the Shavian Great Man. The IBM artificial intelligence and machine learning platforms, drawing attention to words and the semantic relations between them, uncover a subtle relationship between Ding Xilin's Chinese translation and the personality cult around China's Great Man, Mao Zedong (1893–1976), around the time of Ding's translation. The artificial intelligence platforms show that there may be subtle connections between Shaw's play and the most dominant figure in China at the time of the translation.
Victorian Masculinity and Mrs Warren's Profession
Authors: Park Jihay 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
This article focuses on the emergence of a new professional society in turn-of-the-century England and explores how Victorian masculinity is challenged by prostitution in George Bernard Shaw's play Mrs Warren's Profession (1893). Mrs Warren undermines Victorian masculinity by subverting the professional ideal undergirding late Victorian society. Mrs Warren challenges the Victorian acceptance of the Protestant notion of work as “duty” and alleges how work is deeply related with economic necessity. Also, Mrs Warren debunks the Victorian acceptance of the Christian notion of body and work and claims how work becomes a practice of self-formation via self-distancing not self-discipline.
Continuous erector spinae plane block at lumbar level for relief of severe pain due to hip fracture: case series
Authors: Tovar-Gutiérrez Alejandro , Camelo-Rincón Julio Ernesto , Vásquez-Gómez Óscar Iván , Cadavid-Puentes Adriana Margarita 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Hip fracture pain is frequently acute and disabling and increases perioperative complications in the patient; hence it requires a multimodal analgesia approach. This case series describes the continuous erector spinae plane block at the lumbar level for hip fracture analgesia.
Methods: A search was conducted of patients with hip fracture referred to the pain service of Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación (HUSVF) from August 2019 to March 2020, who had undergone continuous erector spinae plane block as part of their analgesic regimen.
Results: A total of 6 patients, 4 females and 2 males with an average age of 75 years were identified. A reduction in pain intensity from acute to mild or absent was observed in every case, up to 24 hours after the initial injection. 66 % experienced a relapse of severe pain after 24 hours and 2 patients the catheter functionality failed after 24 hours. One patient underwent dermatome pinprick assessment.
Conclusions: The continuous erector spinae plane block with a single injection provided analgesic efficacy similar to other single injection peripheral blocks, although continuous analgesia for more than 24 hours was not achieved. Some variations in the block technique described may improve the analgesic effectiveness in patients with hip fracture pain.
Evaluation of Various Sources of Bacteria on Biofloc Productivity
Authors: Aisyah . , Yustiati Ayi , Andriani Yuli 
Published: May 2021

Biofloc technology is a new alternative in addressing water quality problems in aquaculture which is adapted from conventional domestic waste processing techniques. The main principle applied in this technology is water quality management which is based on the ability of heterotrophic bacteria to utilize organic and inorganic N in water. In a balanced C and N condition in water, heterotrophic bacteria which will utilize N, both in organic and inorganic form, are present in water for the formation of biomass so that the concentration of N in water is reduced. Several types of bacteria that are often used in biofloc are Bacillus sp., Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus lichenoformis, Bacillus pumilus; Lactobacillus sp.; Bacillus megaterium . Microbes play key role in the biofloc systems. Microbes associated with floc after consumption help to improve digestion, reduces FCR reduces dietary protein level and heterotrophic bacteria, which together probiotic bacteria, inhibit the development of potential pathogen bacteria. With biofloc there are some improves in different aspects during culture like higher growth rates, increased survival, improved water quality, reduced amount of water used and decrease in diseases. Thus, role of microorganisms is important in biofloc system; therefore, it is necessary to carry out more studies related to identification of microbes that can be present in biofloc systems.
Studies on Molecular Docking of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Phytochemical Constituents on Alpha Glucosidase, Alpha Amylase and Dipeptidyl Peptidase
Authors: Nwakulite Arvin , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Nwanjo H. U. , Nwosu D. C. , Nnatuanya I. N. , Eze Richard , Obeagu Getrude Uzoma , Vincent C. C. N. , Amaechi Chukwudi Ofodile , Okafor Chukwuma J. , Ezeoru Vivian , Chukwuani Ufuoma , Adu Mathew E. 
Published: May 2021

Moringa oleifera leaf have been used for treatment of diabetes, in this work we studied pancreatic gene expression, trace elements, enzymatic antioxidants, kidney injury biomarkers in streptozocin induced diabetic rats treated with M. oleifera leaf powder and molecular ducking of M. oleifera leaf ethanolic, ethyl acetate, hexane and aqueous extracts phytochemicals into protein bank, focusing on the ligands that possesses inhibitory affinity closer to the co-crystalline ligands of alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4, for detection of active polyphenols that aid glucose reduction. Molecular docking methods used for predicting binding modes to proteins and energies of ligands [1]. Using the Autodock vina program compiled under Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, the compounds were docked into the target protein to get the respective binding affinity. The proteins were viewed on pymol to show the amino acid sequence and the co-crystallized ligandsStevioside Stigmaste, γ-Sitosterol and Campesterol has affinity energy (-6.893,-5.500, -5.294, -5.260) respectively, close to the co-ligand of α-amylase (-7.811). 2-Butyloxycarbonyloxy-1 has affinity energy (-5.583) closer to the co-ligand of DPP-4 (-6.102). Butanoic acid has affinity energy (-4.239) close to the co-ligand of α-glucosidase (-6.488). Ethanolic and ethyl acetate extract contains 24 compounds; hexane extract contains 22 compounds while aqueous extract contains only 6 compounds.
Who can best find Waldo? Exploring individual differences that bolster performance in a security surveillance microworld
Authors: Marois Alexandre , Hodgetts Helen M. , Chamberland Cindy , Williot Alexandre , Tremblay Sébastien 
Published: May 2021

SummaryClosed‐circuit television (CCTV) surveillance units largely rely on the support of surveillance operators. Although this job is cognitively challenging, few studies have investigated the main human factors improving the ability to detect critical incidents in this context. This study aimed to explore the contribution of individual characteristics and cognitive abilities to performance in a realistic CCTV monitoring simulation. Non‐expert participants took part in a surveillance simulation and were screened on several measures of individual differences. Improved detection abilities and quicker speed of detection were related to lower age and to better knowledge of the area, cognitive flexibility, working memory, and visual/threat detection abilities. Moreover, more false alarms were associated with higher goal commitment but with lower working memory, visual/threat detection abilities, and cognitive flexibility. Results highlight the potential to screen for a series of cognitive and non‐cognitive skills as part of personnel selection procedures for CCTV centers.
Recursive least squares estimation methods for a class of nonlinear systems based on non‐uniform sampling
Authors: Liu Qilin , Chen Feiyan , Ding Feng , Alsaedi Ahmed , Hayat Tasawar 
Published: May 2021

SummaryMany dynamic processes in practice have nonlinear characteristics and must be described by using nonlinear models. It remains to be a challenging problem to build the models of such nonlinear systems and to estimate their parameters. This article studies the parameter estimation problem for a class of Hammerstein‐Wiener nonlinear systems based on non‐uniform sampling. By means of the auxiliary model identification idea, an auxiliary model‐based recursive least squares algorithm is derived for the systems. In order to enhance the computational efficiency, an auxiliary model‐based hierarchical least squares algorithm is proposed by utilizing the hierarchical identification principle. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Microwell Array Based Opto‐Electrochemical Detections Revealing Co‐Adaptation of Rheological Properties and Oxygen Metabolism in Budding Yeast
Authors: Vajrala Venkata Suresh , Alric Baptiste , Laborde Adrian , Colin Camille , Suraniti Emmanuel , Temple‐Boyer Pierre , Arbault Stephane , Delarue Morgan , Launay Jérôme 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMicrodevices composed of microwell arrays integrating nanoelectrodes (OptoElecWell) are developed to achieve dual high‐resolution optical and electrochemical detections on single Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells. Each array consists of 1.6 × 105 microwells measuring 8 µm in diameter and 5 µm height, with a platinum nanoring electrode for in situ electrochemistry, all integrated on a transparent thin wafer for further high‐resolution live‐cell imaging. After optimizing the filling rate, 32% of cells are effectively trapped within microwells. This allows to analyse S. cerevisiae metabolism associated with basal respiration while simultaneously measuring optically other cellular parameters. In this study, the impact of glucose concentration on respiration and intracellular rheology is focused. It is found that while the oxygen uptake rate decreases with increasing glucose concentration, diffusion of tracer nanoparticles increases. The OptoElecWell‐based respiration methodology provides similar results compared to the commercial gold‐standard Seahorse XF analyzer, while using 20 times fewer biological samples, paving the way to achieve single cell metabolomics. In addition, it facilitates an optical route to monitor the contents within single cells. The proposed device, in combination with the dual detection analysis, opens up new avenues for measuring cellular metabolism, and relating it to cellular physiological indicators at single cell level.
PEDOT:PSS‐Based Bioelectronic Devices for Recording and Modulation of Electrophysiological and Biochemical Cell Signals
Authors: Liang Yuanying , Offenhäusser Andreas , Ingebrandt Sven , Mayer Dirk 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo understand the physiology and pathology of electrogenic cells and the corresponding tissue in their full complexity, the quantitative investigation of the transmission of ions as well as the release of chemical signals is important. Organic (semi‐) conducting materials and in particular organic electrochemical transistor are gaining in importance for the investigation of electrophysiological and recently biochemical signals due to their synthetic nature and thus chemical diversity and modifiability, their biocompatible and compliant properties, as well as their mixed electronic and ionic conductivity featuring ion‐to‐electron conversion. Here, the aim is to summarize recent progress on the development of bioelectronic devices utilizing polymer polyethylenedioxythiophene: poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) to interface electronics and biological matter including microelectrode arrays, neural cuff electrodes, organic electrochemical transistors, PEDOT:PSS‐based biosensors, and organic electronic ion pumps. Finally, progress in the material development is summarized for the improvement of polymer conductivity, stretchability, higher transistor transconductance, or to extend their field of application such as cation sensing or metabolite recognition. This survey of recent trends in PEDOT:PSS electrophysiological sensors highlights the potential of this multifunctional material to revolve current technology and to enable long‐lasting, multichannel polymer probes for simultaneous recordings of electrophysiological and biochemical signals from electrogenic cells.
Reconfigurable Magnetic Origami Actuators with On‐Board Sensing for Guided Assembly
Authors: Ha Minjeong , Cañón Bermúdez Gilbert Santiago , Liu Jessica A.‐C. , Oliveros Mata Eduardo Sergio , Evans Emily E. , Tracy Joseph B. , Makarov Denys 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOrigami utilizes orchestrated transformation of soft 2D structures into complex 3D architectures, mimicking shapes and functions found in nature. In contrast to origami in nature, synthetic origami lacks the ability to monitor the environment and correspondingly adjust its behavior. Here, magnetic origami actuators with capabilities to sense their orientation and displacement as well as detect their own magnetization state and readiness for supervised folding are designed, fabricated, and demonstrated. These origami actuators integrate photothermal heating and magnetic actuation by using composite thin films (≈60 µm thick) of shape‐memory polymers with embedded magnetic NdFeB microparticles. Mechanically compliant magnetic field sensors, known as magnetosensitive electronic skins, are laminated on the surface of the soft actuators. These ultrathin actuators accomplish sequential folding and recovery, with hinge locations programmed on the fly. Endowing mechanically active smart materials with cognition is an important step toward realizing intelligent, stimuli‐responsive structures.
High‐Performance Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells Based on BaCl2 Additive and Power Conversion Efficiency of Over 21%
Authors: Zong Beibei , Zhang Zizhao , Shun Qing , Kang Bonan , Silva S. Ravi P. , Lu Ge yu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has rapidly developed in the past decade. However, the development of PSCs still has many limitations: for instance, the accumulation of harmful defects on their surfaces and grain boundaries limit their performance. Here, PSCs with ITO/SnO2/FAxMA1−xPb(IyBr1−y)3/Spiro‐OMeTAD/Ag structure are fabricated under air conditions, meanwhile, the effect the different masses of BaCl2 (0, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg) added to FAxMA1−xPb(IyBr1−y)3 perovskite precursor solution on the performance of PSCs is investigated. The results show that the best performance is obtained when 20 mg BaCl2 is added, and the performance parameters Jsc, Voc, FF of the PSCs (those with 20 mg BaCl2) are 24.43 mA cm−2, 1137 mV, and 75.82, respectively, and their power conversion efficiency is up to 21.06%, which is ≈25% higher than that of the reference devices (those without BaCl2). Test results, such as XRD, SEM, TRPL, SCLC, UV–Vis, show that right amount of BaCl2 additive can significantly improve the crystallinity, absorbance, and interface defect state of perovskite films. It can also increase the separation and mobility of charge carriers, thus greatly improving the performance of PSCs.
Lodging resistance increased by varying the distance between adjacent maize rows
Authors: Qi Bingqin , Ma Buyi , Xue Jun , Li Bixia , Hu Jing , Zhang Wangfeng , Gou Ling 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHigh planting density of maize (Zea mays L.) changes the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the canopy and reduces the stalk quality, thus increasing the risk of lodging. The light distribution in the canopy can be changed by changing the row spacing between adjacent row, which in turn may affect lodging resistance. Two maize cultivars, Zhongdan 909 and Xinyu 41 were planted in 60 cm (CK) and three configurations that had different distances between the rows. These treatment were 70 + 50 cm where rows 1 and 2 were separated by 50 cm and rows 2 and 3 were separated by 70 cm. The other treatments were 80 + 40 and 90 + 30 cm. All rows had an equal number of plants. In these plots, canopy light distribution and stalk lodging resistance was measured. The results showed that the intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) of the whole canopy in the 70 + 50 and 80 + 40 cm did not differ from the CK, but the IPAR from ear level to halfway below the ear level and the soil (H3–H2) increased by 12.5 and 20.1%, compared with the CK. Basal internode cellulose and lignin contents, rind puncture strength (RPS) increased, and lodging rate decreased by 2.8 and 4.5% in the 70 + 50‐ and 80 + 40‐cm treatments compared to the CK. Intercepted PAR in the 90 + 30‐cm treatment decreased, as did its cellulose contents, and RPS, while lodging increased. Therefore, the 70 + 50‐ and 80 + 40‐cm treatments could increased IPAR in the H3–H2 layer, then cause the increase of the cellulose content in the basal internode and lodging resistance.
Imaging the dynamics and microstructure of fibrin clot polymerization in cardiac surgical patients using spectrally encoded confocal microscopy
Authors: Tshikudi Diane M. , Simandoux Olivier , Kang Dongkyun , Van Cott Elizabeth M. , Andrawes Michael N. , Yelin Dvir , Nadkarni Seemantini K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDuring cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), altered hemostatic balance may disrupt fibrin assembly, predisposing patients to perioperative hemorrhage. We investigated the utility of a novel device termed spectrally‐encoded confocal microscopy (SECM) for assessing fibrin clot polymerization following heparin and protamine administration in CPB patients. SECM is a novel, high‐speed optical approach to visualize and quantify fibrin clot formation in three dimensions with high spatial resolution (1.0 μm) over a volumetric field‐of‐view (165 × 4000 × 36 μm). The measurement sensitivity of SECM was first determined using plasma samples from normal subjects spiked with heparin and protamine. Next, SECM was performed in plasma samples from patients on CPB to quantify the extent to which fibrin clot dynamics and microstructure were altered by CPB exposure. In spiked samples, prolonged fibrin time (4.4 ± 1.8 to 49.3 ± 16.8 min, p < 0.001) and diminished fibrin network density (0.079 ± 0.010 to 0.001 ± 0.002 A.U, p < 0.001) with increasing heparin concentration were reported by SECM. Furthermore, fibrin network density was not restored to baseline levels in protamine‐treated samples. In CPB patients, SECM reported lower fibrin network density in protaminized samples (0.055 ± 0.01 A.U. [Arbitrary units]) vs baseline values (0.066 ± 0.009 A.U.) (p = 0.03) despite comparable fibrin time (baseline = 6.0 ± 1.3, protamine = 6.4 ± 1.6 min, p = 0.5). In these patients, additional metrics including fibrin heterogeneity, length and straightness were quantified. Note, SECM revealed that following protamine administration with CPB exposure, fibrin clots were more heterogeneous (baseline = 0.11 ± 0.02 A.U, protamine = 0.08 ± 0.01 A.U, p = 0.008) with straighter fibers (baseline = 0.918 ± 0.003A.U, protamine = 0.928 ± 0.0006A.U. p < 0.001). By providing the capability to rapidly visualize and quantify fibrin clot microstructure, SECM could furnish a new approach for assessing clot stability and hemostasis in cardiac surgical patients.
Trisomy 9 mosaic syndrome: Sixteen additional patients with new and/or less commonly reported features, literature review, and suggested clinical guidelines
Authors: Li Mindy , Glass Jennifer , Du Xiaoli , Dubbs Holly , Harr Margaret Horton , Falk Marni , Smolarek Teresa , Hopkin Robert J. , Zackai Elaine , Sheppard Sarah E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTrisomy 9 mosaic syndrome (T9M) is a rare condition characterized by multiorgan system involvement including craniofacial dysmorphisms, cardiac, genitourinary (GU), skeletal, and central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities. Although more than 100 cases have been reported in the literature, a comprehensive review has not been performed nor have clinical guidelines been established. Therefore, we describe the clinical features of 16 additional patients, review features of previously reported individuals, and suggest clinical guidelines. Our findings expand the clinical phenotype of T9M, including novel features of amblyopia, astigmatism, corectopia of pupil, posterior embryotoxon, and diaphragmatic eventration. Most patients had prenatal and perinatal issues, particularly from respiratory, growth, and feeding standpoints. Although small birth parameters were common, long‐term growth trends varied widely. An association with advanced parental ages was also identified. The spectrum of growth and development was wide, ranging from nonverbal patients to those able to participate in educational programs with age‐appropriate peers. The severity of clinical outcomes was unrelated to blood lymphocyte mosaicism levels. Microarray analysis had a higher diagnostic rate compared to standard karyotype analysis and should be utilized if this diagnosis is suspected. Future longitudinal studies will be key to monitor long‐term outcomes of individuals with T9M and determine best practices for clinical management.
Porous cellulose triacetate particles prepared from recycled corrugated cases for adsorption of crystal violet
Authors: Yuan Luxuan , Jiang Wenwei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe treatment of dye wastewater is of great significance to environmental protection. In addition, corrugated boxes are the main materials used in express packaging in the Internet shopping era, and its recycling has great value for sustainable development. In this study, cellulose triacetate (CTA) was successfully synthesized from discarded corrugated boxes with iodine as catalyst. And the obtained CTA was prepared by the emulsion solvent evaporation method into porous CTA particles, which can be used as an adsorbent to remove the dye crystal violet (CV). The adsorption kinetic and adsorption isotherm models revealed that the adsorption process was a single‐layer adsorption process with equal adsorption sites. The removal efficiency (R) of the CV solution (40 mg/L) at about 50 min R reaching equilibrium and was over 98%. The estimated maximum adsorption capacities for CV reached 9.1116 mg g−1. This research provides a new idea for the preparation of low‐cost dye wastewater treatment materials.
Effects of harmful algal blooms on regulated disinfection byproducts: Findings from five utility case studies
Authors: Foreman Katherine , Vacs Renwick Deborah , McCabe Morgan , Cadwallader Adam , Holsinger Hannah , Kormondy Charlene , Albert Ryan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDuring a cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (HAB) event, drinking water treatment systems face the challenge of balancing acute and chronic health risks by treating the potentially toxin‐producing HAB and simultaneously managing for disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. To explore the relationship between HAB events and DBP formation, a unique full‐scale study, including paired source water and finished water monitoring, was conducted at five drinking water utilities with HAB‐impacted source waters. Results confirm bench‐scale findings that HAB events in source water contribute to increases in DBP precursors. However, unlike results from laboratory studies, source water HAB‐related parameters and finished water DBPs were not consistently correlated at the five study utilities. These different outcomes suggest regulated DBP formation in utilities with HAB‐impacted source water is complex and influenced by a variety of site‐specific conditions, including source water conditions and data available for operational decision‐making, timing of treatment adjustments, and key operational choices.