bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peri‐Implantitis and Concomitant Perigraftitis of an Implant Placed in a Site That Had Alveolar Ridge Preservation Three Decades Earlier: A Case Report With Human Histology
Authors: Do Jonathan H. 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionAlthough alveolar ridge preservation may minimize alveolar ridge shrinkage following tooth extraction, there is a paucity of data on the effects of alveolar ridge preservation on implant‐related outcomes. The purpose of this manuscript is to report on peri‐implantitis of an implant placed at a site that had alveolar ridge preservation three decades earlier, and the subsequent dislodgement of an approximately 1‐cm3 grafted bone specimen during degranulation 4 months after implant reversal.Case PresentationA 58‐year‐old male had #18 removed and the extraction socket grafted in the 1980s. In 2016, an implant was placed at #18 and restored with a screw‐retained restoration. It developed mobility and was removed in 2017; the explantation site was not grafted. In 2018, another implant was placed at #18 and restored in 2019 with a screw‐retained restoration. At the 1‐year follow‐up, the implant had developed peri‐implantitis. Consequently, it was reversed without flap elevation. Four months later, infection remained. A buccal mucoperiosteal flap was reflected. Implant threads remained visible in the grafted bone. During degranulation, an approximately 1‐cm3 grafted bone specimen dislodged from the mandible. Microscopy of the specimen shows numerous synthetic graft particulates surrounded by vital bone, with a mixed acute and chronic inflammatory infiltrate on its periphery.Conclusion(s)Within the limitation of this case report, absence of bone resorption due to impaired/altered bone metabolism of the grafted bone likely allowed bacteria to reach and infect the grafted bone via the implant fixture during development and progression of peri‐implantitis.
Percutaneous coronary intervention in end‐stage kidney disease: Trapped between a rock and a hard place
Authors: Shroff Gautam R. , Henry Timothy D. 
Published: August 2021

Key Points
Despite advances in technology, patients with end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) continue to have shockingly high 5‐year major adverse cardiac events (83%) and mortality (77.9%) rates.
This study identifies independent variables that could assist in prospective risk modeling in patients with ESKD undergoing PCI.
Clinical impact: The prospective risk modeling is another tool in the therapeutic armamentarium of the heart‐kidney team to utilize in making complex and difficult decisions pertaining to coronary revascularization in ESKD.
Assessing the risk of acute kidney injury after primary PCI: The simpler the sooner the better
Authors: Cao Davide , Dangas George D. 
Published: August 2021

Key Points
In patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), five simple variables unrelated to the procedure may accurately identify those at increased risk of contrast‐associated acute kidney injury (CA‐AKI).
Assessing the risk of CA‐AKI at the time of hospital admission for STEMI may facilitate the timely implementation of adequate preventive measures and inform patient centered decisions.
Further research is needed to identify optimal hydration protocols and adjunctive therapies aimed a mitigating the risk of CA‐AKI after primary PCI.
Critical limb ischemia in the end stage renal disease patient: Some next steps
Authors: Winscott John G. , Hillegass William B. 
Published: August 2021

Key Points
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing endovascular or open revascularization have 50%–70% lower odds of survival, freedom from amputation, and secondary patency than those without ESRD.
Increased arterial medial calcification, inflammation, comorbidities, and impaired wound healing are the likely causes of worse outcomes in ESRD CLI patients after revascularization compared to other CLI patients without ESRD.
Better risk prediction to inform revascularization decisions and enhanced local wound care are potential avenues for improving outcomes awaiting development of more effective systemic therapies and revascularization approaches for ESRD CLI patients.
Intravascular lithotripsy for calcified coronary arteries in the real‐world: From rock to metal
Authors: Seth Ashok , Kumar Vijay 
Published: August 2021

Key Points
The safety and effectiveness of IVL has been demonstrated in DISRUPT CAD studies in selected severely calcified coronary lesion.
'Real‐world use' of IVL extends to more complex calcified lesions not evaluated in the above studies.
Understanding best practices when using IVL ensures optimal outcomes for the patients.
Perforated Jejunal Diverticulitis: a rare cause of acute abdominal pain
Authors: Ben Ismail Imen , Ben Chaabene Hamadi , Rebii Saber , Zoghlami Ayoub 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is imperative for surgeons to have a heightened awareness of complications of jejunal diverticular disease so that they can act quickly and contribute to a successful clinical outcome for their patients.
Recent Progress in Liquid State Electrochemistry Coupled with NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Pietrzak Mariusz , Jopa Sylwia , Mames Adam , Urbańczyk Mateusz , Woźny Mateusz , Ratajczyk Tomasz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAnalytical methods of electrochemistry (EC) are relatively inexpensive, and widely used in science, industry, and medicine. Although EC is distinguished by its high sensitivity, it does not provide direct and detailed data about the bond connectivity or dynamics of the molecular system. Conversely, Magnetic Resonance (MR) gives comprehensive insights into the structure and dynamics of molecules but suffers from low sensitivity. The strengths and shortcomings of EC and NMR are thus complementary. The combination of these orthogonal techniques into EC‐NMR creates a powerful tool that should be able to provide analytical data barely available for EC or NMR alone. This review presents recent developments in the field of EC‐NMR – we describe experimental designs with electrodes made of metal wires, thin films, and nonmetallic materials, as well as performance improvements achieved by the implementation of micro‐NMR, hyperpolarization, new pulse sequences, and 3D printing. We also review the application of EC‐NMR in catalysis for sustainable energy conversion.
A Convenient Formal [4+2] Heterocylization Route to Bis(triflyl)tetrahydroquinolines
Authors: Lázaro‐Milla Carlos , Almendros Pedro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report the sustainable and efficient synthesis of a new type of quinoline derivatives bearing one or two SO2CF3 groups. The protocol is metal‐, catalyst‐ and irradiation‐free, involves the use of readily available and stable precursors, and avoids the formation of side products. Also, the mild conditions of the process allow the tolerance of a wide range of functional groups.
A provably secure sharding based blockchain smart contract centric hierarchical group key agreement for large wireless ad‐hoc networks
Authors: Naresh Vankamamidi S. , Allavarpu V. V. L. Divakar , Reddi Sivaranjani , Murty Pilla Sita Rama , Raju N. V. S. Lakshmipathi , Mohan R. N. V. Jagan 
Published: August 2021

SummaryGroup key management with privacy preserving and trust still remains a precarious and stimulating issue for securing multicast communications in an energy embarrassed large wireless ad‐hoc networks (WANETs). To address this, few researchers with the adaption of blockchain technology and practical usage of a privacy‐preserving smart contract as group controller made these group key agreements adaptable to WANET. However, proportionate to the increase in the size of the group, the processing load on the smart contract is also increasing, which made the capability of the smart contract could not work beyond a certain group size. Contemporary blockchain schemes suffer from various inherent shortcomings in their latency, scalability, and processing throughput. So, in this direction, we adopted blockchain sharding smart contract‐centric processing for making the key agreement adaptable to large WANETs. In this technique, we divide the large network intorsharded subnetworks withG1,G2,G3, …,Gras smart contract instances generated by group controllerG, which acts as subgroup controllers to their respective shards using blockchain sharding technique. This protocol is shown secure under the assumptions elliptic curve decision Diffie–Hellman and group‐elliptic curve Diffie–Hellman. The performance analysis demonstrates that the proposed protocol is highly proficient than examined protocols for secure communication in large WANETs.
An improved model‐based evolutionary algorithm for multi‐objective optimization
Authors: Gholamnezhad Pezhman , Broumandnia Ali , Seydi Vahid 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe basic idea in the estimation of distribution algorithms is the replacement of heuristic operators with machine learning models such as regression models, clustering models, or classification models. So, recently, the model‐based evolutionary algorithms (MBEAs) have been suggested in three groups: The estimation of distribution algorithms (EDAs), surrogate assisted evolutionary algorithms, and the inversed models to map from the objective space to the decision space. In this article, a new approach, based on an inversed model of Gaussian process and random forest framework, is proposed. The main idea is applying the process of random forest variable importance with a random grouping that determines some of the best assignment of decision variables to objective functions in order to form a Gaussian process in inverse models that maps to decision space the rich solutions which are discovered from objective space. Then these inverse models through sampling the objective space generate offspring. The proposed algorithm has been tested on the benchmark test suite for evolutionary algorithms (modified Deb K, Thiele L, Laumanns M, Zitzler E (DTLZ), and Walking Fish Group (WFG)) and indicates that the proposed method is a competitive and promising approach.
Models of Inflammation: Carrageenan Air Pouch
Authors: Fehrenbacher Jill C. , McCarson Kenneth E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe subcutaneous air pouch is an in vivo model that can be used to study the components of acute and chronic inflammation, the resolution of the inflammatory response, the oxidative stress response, and potential therapeutic targets for treating inflammation. Injection of irritants into an air pouch in rats or mice induces an inflammatory response that can be quantified by the volume of exudate produced, the infiltration of cells, and the release of inflammatory mediators. The model presented in this article has been extensively used to identify potential anti‐inflammatory drugs. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Air pouch model in the ratAlternate Protocol: Air pouch model in the mouse
Mixed‐Halide Double Perovskite Cs2AgBiX6 (X=Br, I) with Tunable Optical Properties via Anion Exchange
Authors: Wu Hua , Erbing Axel , Johansson Malin B. , Wang Junxin , Kamal Chinnathambi , Odelius Michael , Johansson Erik M. J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLead‐free double perovskites, A2M+M′3+X6, are considered as promising alternatives to lead‐halide perovskites, in optoelectronics applications. Although iodide (I) and bromide (Br) mixing is a versatile tool for bandgap tuning in lead perovskites, similar mixed I/Br double perovskite films have not been reported in double perovskites, which may be due to the large activation energy for ion migration. In this work, mixed Br/I double perovskites were realized utilizing an anion exchange method starting from Cs2AgBiBr6 solid thin‐films with large grain‐size. The optical and structural properties were studied experimentally and theoretically. Importantly, the halide exchange mechanism was investigated. Hydroiodic acid was the key factor to facilitate the halide exchange reaction, through a dissolution–recrystallization process. In addition, the common organic iodide salts could successfully perform halide‐exchange while retaining high mixed‐halide phase stability and strong light absorption capability.
MicroRNA‐214‐5p aggravates sepsis‐related acute kidney injury in mice
Authors: Guo Cheng , Ye Fang‐Xiong , Jian Yong‐Hong , Liu Chun‐Hua , Tu Zhi‐Hui , Yang Ding‐Ping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a devastating comorbidity in sepsis and correlates with a very poor prognosis and increased mortality. Currently, we use lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish sepsis‐related AKI and try to demonstrate the pathophysiological role of microRNA‐214‐5p (miR‐214‐5p) in this process. Mice were intravenously injected with the miR‐214‐5p agomir, antagomir or negative controls for three consecutive days and then received a single intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg) for 24 h to induce AKI. Besides, the Boston University mouse proximal tubular cell lines were stimulated with LPS (10 μg/ml) for 8 h to investigate the role of miR‐214‐5p in vitro. To inhibit adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), compound C (CpC) was used in vivo. For glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) silence, cells were transfected with the small interfering RNA against GLP‐1R. miR‐214‐5p level was upregulated in LPS‐treated kidneys and proximal tubular cell lines. The miR‐214‐5p antagomir reduced LPS‐induced renal inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby preventing renal damage and dysfunction. In contrast, the miR‐214‐5p agomir aggravated LPS‐induced inflammation, oxidative stress and AKI in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, we found that the miR‐214‐5p antagomir prevented septic AKI via activating AMPK and that CpC treatment completely abrogated its renoprotective effect in mice. Further detection showed that miR‐214‐5p directly bound to the 3′‐untranslational region of GLP‐1R to inhibit GLP‐1R/AMPK axis. Our data identify miR‐214‐5p as a promising therapeutic candidate to treat sepsis‐related AKI.
Vertebrate scavenging dynamics differ between carnivore and herbivore carcasses in the northern boreal forest
Authors: Peers Michael J. L. , Konkolics Sean M. , Majchrzak Yasmine N. , Menzies Allyson K. , Studd Emily K. , Boonstra Rudy , Boutin Stan , Lamb Clayton T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVertebrate scavenging can impact food web dynamics, but our understanding of this process stems predominantly from monitoring herbivore carrion and extrapolating results across carcass types. Recent evidence suggests carnivores may avoid intraguild scavenging to reduce parasite transmission. If this behavior is widespread across diverse ecosystems, estimation of nutrient cycling and community scavenging rates are likely biased to a currently unknown degree. We examined whether the time to initiate scavenging, carcass persistence, or the richness of species scavenging in the boreal forest of Yukon, Canada, differed between carnivore and herbivore carcasses. Vertebrates took longer to initiate scavenging on carnivore carcasses (3.2 d) relative to herbivore carcasses (1.1 d), and carnivore carcasses persisted on the landscape for over a month longer (48.4 d and 5.5 d, respectively). The longer persistence times were due to the reduction in scavenging by carnivores such as Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis). Decreased scavenging was caused by changes in the propensity to consume carnivore carrion, as the number of species detecting a carcass within the first week did not differ between carnivore and herbivore carcasses. These results have ramifications for our understanding of nutrient cycling and food web dynamics in the boreal forest and provide further support that carcass type should be included in future studies.
Scalable Synthesis of Norbornadienes via in situ Cracking of Dicyclopentadiene Using Continuous Flow Chemistry
Authors: Orrego‐Hernández Jessica , Hölzel Helen , Quant Maria , Wang Zhihang , Moth‐Poulsen Kasper 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe norbornadiene (NBD)‐quadricyclane (QC) photoswitch has recently attracted attention due to its use in molecular solar thermal energy systems (MOST). Normally for device testing, several grams are needed. One way of synthesizing NBDs efficiently is through the Diels‐Alder reaction between alkynes and cyclopentadiene. However, scaling up the reaction can be troublesome in a research lab environment. Also, dicyclopentadiene needs cracking before utilization which is a time‐consuming step. Here, we developed a method where we both scale up the synthesis in a single reaction step that involves both in situ cracking of dicyclopentadiene and the direct reaction of cyclopentadiene with acetylene derivatives using a tubular coiled stainless steel flow reactor. As a proof‐of‐concept, we synthesized six different NBD compounds and scaled the synthesis to produce 87 g of a novel NBD in 9 h. The NBD is further characterized, showing promising properties for MOST applications. Our new method shows that flow chemistry is an attractive technique for the fast and efficient synthesis of large quantities of NBDs, needed to develop future real‐life devices and applications.
Redirection of the Transcription Factor SP1 to AT Rich Binding Sites by a Synthetic Adaptor Molecule
Authors: Bolz Mathias , Scheffer Ute , Kalden Elisabeth , Göbel Michael W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe ubiquitous transcription factor SP1 binds to a GC rich consensus sequence. Here we describe an adaptor molecule that mediates binding of SP1 to a non‐cognate DNA site rich in AT. The adaptor is comprised of a Dervan‐type hairpin polyamide with high affinity to an AT rich hexamer duplex. It also carries a 27mer DNA that contains the SP1 consensus sequence. The synthesis and purification of the polyamide‐DNA conjugate is reported. Pulldown experiments and western blot analysis demonstrate adaptor mediated binding of SP1 to the hexamer duplex TTGTTA.
Perceptions of opioid and other illicit drug exposure reported among first responders in the southeast, 2017 to 2018
Authors: Thompson Robin A. , Sanderson Wayne T. , Westneat Susan , Bunn Terry , Lavender Antionette , Tran Andrew , Holsinger Caroline , Flammia Dwight , Zhang Lei , He Ying 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundOpioid use has risen dramatically in recent years, and its illegal use puts first responders at risk when intervening in overdoses. Synthetic opioids, like fentanyl with a potency 50 to 100 times greater than morphine, pose a great risk and accidental exposure via ingestion, inhalation, mucosal, or percutaneous routes, can potentially lead to fatal outcomes. Anecdotal media accounts in early 2017 of accidental occupational opioid exposure among first responders generated a national concern.MethodsTo identify first responders' recollections, beliefs, and concerns about possible occupational exposure to opioids and other drugs, researchers in Kentucky, Virginia, Mississippi, and Georgia administered an emailed, anonymous convenience sample survey.ResultsA total of 5955 surveys were analyzed with 15% of respondents reporting they believed they had been exposed to opioids, and of those, less than 1% reported experiencing health effects from perceived exposure. Over half (51%) of respondents reported being “very or somewhat concerned” about developing health effects from exposure to opioids. Half of respondents reported being unaware of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) guidelines for preventing occupational‐related opioid exposures.ConclusionsOnly a small fraction of first responders believed they had experienced symptoms related to opioid exposure in overdose response calls, but half were concerned about potential exposures and half were unaware of the educational guidance on prevention available. The high level of concern regarding potential exposure warrants the need for the development and or enhancement of targeted educational training interventions and further dissemination of pre‐existing training interventions to ensure first responders have the knowledge and understanding of occupational opioid exposures and minimize stress associated with the potential rare exposures.
Increasing temperature and flow management alter mercury dynamics in East Fork Poplar Creek
Authors: Brooks Scott C. , Miller Carrie L. , Riscassi Ami L. , Lowe Kenneth A. , Dickson Johnbull O. , Schwartz Grace E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEast Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) is a mercury (Hg) contaminated creek in east Tennessee, USA. Stream restoration activities included the initiation of a flow management programme in 1996 in which water from a nearby lake was pumped to the head of the creek. We conducted regular water sampling for 2 years along the length of EFPC during active flow management and for 5 years after flow management stopped. Total Hg and total monomethylmercury (MMHg) concentration and flux decreased in the uppermost reaches of EFPC that were closest to the point of water addition. Most water quality parameters, including DOC concentration, remained unchanged after flow management termination. Nevertheless, SUVA254, a measure of dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition, increased and coincided with increased dissolved Hg (HgD) concentration and flux and decreased Hg solid‐water partitioning coefficients throughout EFPC. Higher SUVA254 and HgD concentration have potential implications for bioavailability and MMHg production. Total and dissolved MMHg concentrations increased in lower reaches of EFPC after the end of flow management and these increases were most pronounced during spring and early summer when biota are more susceptible to exposure and uptake. A general warming trend in the creek after active flow management ended likely acted in concert with higher HgD concentration to promote higher MMHg concentration. Total and dissolved MMHg concentrations were positively correlated with water temperature above a threshold value of 10°C. Concentration changes for Hg and MMHg could not be accounted for by changes in creek discharge that accompanied the cessation of flow management. In addition to the changing DOM composition in‐stream, other watershed‐scale factors likely contributed to the observed patterns, as these changes occurred over months rather than instantaneously after flow management stopped. Nevertheless, similar changes in MMHg have not been observed in a tributary to EFPC.
WNT5B promotes vascular smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation via mitochondrial dynamics regulation in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhen Yanan , Si Chaozeng , Wang Cheng , Pan Lin , Chen Yang , Liu Xiaopeng , Kong Jie , Nie Qiangqiang , Sun Mingsheng , Han Yongxin , Ye Zhidong , Liu Peng , Wen Jianyan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractChronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is characterized by proliferative vascular remodeling. Abnormal vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype switching is crucial to this process, highlighting the need for VSMC metabolic changes to cover cellular energy demand in CTEPH. We report that elevated Wnt family member 5B (WNT5B) expression is associated with vascular remodeling and promotes VSMC phenotype switching via mitochondrial dynamics regulation in CTEPH. Using primary culture of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, we show that high WNT5B expression activates VSMC proliferation and migration and results in mitochondrial fission via noncanonical Wnt signaling in CTEPH. Abnormal VSMC proliferation and migration were abolished by mitochondrial division inhibitor 1, an inhibitor of mitochondrial fission. Secreted frizzled‐related protein 2, a soluble scavenger of Wnt signaling, attenuates VSMC proliferation and migration by accelerating mitochondrial fusion. These findings indicate that WNT5B is an essential regulator of mitochondrial dynamics, contributing to VSMC phenotype switching in CTEPH.