bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High GNG4 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Bodong , Zhu Wenbo , Yuan Shuai , Wang Yifei , Zhang Qing , Zheng Hong , Zhu Lei , Xu Jie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to explore the reason for guanine nucleotide binding‐protein gamma subunit‐4 (GNG4) overexpression and the relationship between GNG4 overexpression and the poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients.MethodsThe genes and phenotypes related to GNG4 expression in patients with lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed by bioinformatics. The phenotype indicated by bioinformatic analysis was confirmed by experiments.ResultsGNG4 expression is elevated in lung adenocarcinoma, and overexpressed GNG4 is related to the poor prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The hypoxic microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma can promote GNG4 expression and GNG4 promotes the migration and proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells.ConclusionsGNG4 expression in lung adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than in paired adjacent tissues. GNG4 overexpression is associated with a variety of malignant phenotypes of lung adenocarcinoma. Increased GNG4 expression is related to the hypoxic microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma.
Have existing theories explained the accrual anomaly? An evaluation based on the decomposition method
Authors: Hu Zhi‐an , Huang Zhuo , Lin Dawei , Qiu Zhimin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUsing the decomposition method proposed by Hou and Loh (2016), we evaluate whether the existing theories have explained the negative correlation between accruals and the cross‐section returns (the accrual anomaly). The results show that cash‐based operating profitability best explains the anomaly, with an explanatory power of about 94 percent. Among the three explanation groups, explanations about investment and cash flows explain efficiently, whereas the contributions of arbitrage costs and information asymmetry are quite limited. Together, our findings suggest that the existing theories, especially explanations about investment and cash flows, have explained most of the anomaly and the unexplained fraction is negligible.
Pediatric Graves’ orbitopathy: a multicentre study
Authors: Ionescu Ioana C. , van Trotsenburg Paul A. S. , Paridaens Dion , Tanck Michael , Mooij Christiaan F. , Cagienard Eliane , Kalmann Rachel , Pakdel Farzad , van der Meeren Stijn , Saeed Peerooz 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeGraves’ orbitopathy (GO) is a rare condition in children often considered to be a less severe condition than at an older age. The aim of our study was to analyse if there are any factors that distinguish paediatric from adult GO in order to provide guidelines for assessing and managing paediatric GO.MethodsStudy design is a multicentre retrospective observational case series; 115 paediatric patients diagnosed with GO who visited our university medical centres in the Netherlands and Iran between 2003 and 2019 were submitted for complete ophthalmological examinations, serological testing and/or orbital imaging. Main outcome measures focussed on the natural course and clinical picture as well as medical and surgical treatment in paediatric GO.ResultsClinical findings included proptosis (n = 97; 84.3%), eyelid retraction (n = 77; 67%) and diplopia (n = 13; 11.3%). Ninety‐two patients (80%) presented with mild disease, 21 (18.3%) with moderate‐severe disease and two (1.7%) with severe GO. Five patients (4.3%) underwent intravenous glucocorticoids and 25 patients underwent orbital decompression surgery. Strabismus surgery due to primary involvement of extraocular muscles was performed in two patients (1.7%). Overall, rehabilitative surgical treatment was planned in 31 patients (26.9%) with inactive disease. Two patients experienced reactivation of the disease.ConclusionDespite the fact that paediatric and adult GO are considered two separate entities, they might be the same disease with two different clinical phenotypes. Paediatric GO population presents with a comparable clinical picture regarding both soft tissue involvement and proptosis, which may require surgical intervention. Proptosis was present in the majority of paediatric GO patients. Orbital decompression was performed in 21.7% of patients.
The adhesion to the Economy for the Common Good: Aligning organizations with values
Authors: Pereira Susana Alves , Zappalà Salvatore , dos Santos Nuno Rebelo , Pais Leonor 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Economy for the Common Good proposes a more ethical and sustainable society and organizations based on the common good concept. The study investigates entrepreneurs' reasons for joining the ECG movement and organizational changes introduced following the implementation of the ECG managerial system. Semistructured interviews were held with managers of nine Italian organizations belonging to the movement. Interviews were transcribed, and qualitative content analysis was performed using NVivo 12. Eleven nodes integrating 279 answer units were coded, addressing reasons for adhering, actions introduced, difficulties, overcoming strategies and enablers. The results suggest that ECG values and particularly Environmental Sustainability and Human Dignity are two main reasons to join the movement, that a Common Good Report is a valuable tool for the organizational analysis, that such analysis can be replicated with other ECG organizations, and that pursuing decent work conditions strengthens the adhesion to the ECG movement. The seven conceptual propositions highlight the congruence between the value structure of the organization and the values of the ECG, the congruence between the values held by proximal organizational stakeholders and the changes encouraged by ECG approach, and that rewards and recognition by the organizational stakeholders and society reinforce and maintain the adhesion path.
Glass ceiling or murky waters: The gendered and racialized pathway to full professorship in Canada
Authors: Wijesingha Rochelle , Robson Karen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe examined the predictors of being in the rank of full professor using a sample of faculty representing English Canadian universities. We hypothesized that women have a lower likelihood of being a full professor, controlling for a range of characteristics, including length of service, discipline, number of publications and Tri‐Council grants. We also explored how race and immigrant status factored into the likelihood of being a full professor. Using a sample of associate and full professors, we found evidence of a strong negative effect of the probability of being a full professor for women, even after controlling for all variables in the model. We also found evidence of a glass ceiling, where a difference in the effect of years of service was found for men and women. Finally, racialized immigrant professors had a greater likelihood of being at the rank of full professor and racialized Canadian‐born professors had the least.
Structure‐based discovery of (S)‐2‐amino‐6‐(4‐fluorobenzyl)‐5,6,11,11a‐tetrahydro‐1H‐imidazo[1′,5′:1,6]pyrido[3,4‐b]indole‐1,3(2H)‐dione as low nanomolar, orally bioavailable autotaxin inhibitor
Authors: Roy Ashis , Sarkar Tonmoy , Datta Sebak , Maiti Arup , Chakrabarti Monali , Mondal Trisha , Mondal Chaitali , Banerjee Apurba , Roy Subhasis , Mukherjee Soumen , Muley Pragati , Chakraborty Sabyasachi , Banerjee Manish , Kundu Mrinalkanti , Roy Kuldeep K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInhibition of extracellular secreted enzyme autotaxin (ATX) represents an attractive strategy for the development of new therapeutics to treat various diseases and a few inhibitors entered in clinical trials. We herein describe structure‐based design, synthesis, and biological investigations revealing a potent and orally bioavailable ATX inhibitor 1. During the molecular docking and scoring studies within the ATX enzyme (PDB‐ID: 4ZGA), the S‐enantiomer (Gscore = −13.168 kcal/mol) of the bound ligand PAT‐494 scored better than its R‐enantiomer (Gscore = −9.562 kcal/mol) which corroborated with the reported observation and analysis of the results suggested the scope of manipulation of the hydantoin substructure in PAT‐494. Accordingly, the docking‐based screening of a focused library of 10 compounds resulted in compound 1 as a better candidate for pharmacological studies. Compound 1 was synthesized from L‐tryptophan and evaluated against ATX enzymatic activities with an IC50 of 7.6 and 24.6 nM in biochemical and functional assays, respectively. Further, ADME‐PK studies divulged compound 1 as non‐cytotoxic (19.02% cell growth inhibition at 20 μM in human embryonic kidney cells), metabolically stable against human liver microsomes (CLint = 15.6 μl/min/mg; T1/2 = 113.2 min) with solubility of 4.82 μM and orally bioavailable, demonstrating its potential to be used for in vivo experiments.
Thyroid function and risk of bloodstream infections: Results from the Norwegian prospective population‐based HUNT Study
Authors: Thorkildsen Marianne S. , Mohus Randi M. , Åsvold Bjørn O. , Skei Nina V. , Nilsen Tom I.L. , Solligård Erik , Damås Jan K. , Gustad Lise T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies on thyroid function and risk of infection is conflicting and often stem from intensive care cohorts were nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) may be present. The objective of this study was to identify the risk of bloodstream infections (BSI) and BSI‐related mortality with thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) levels within the reference range in a general population.DesignProspective follow‐up.ParticipantsThe HUNT2 (1995‐97) included 34,619 participants with information on TSH levels.MeasurementsHazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) confirmed BSIs and BSI‐related mortality until 2011.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 14.5 years, 1179 experienced at least one episode of BSI and 208 died within 30 days after a BSI. TSH levels within the reference range of 0.5–4.5 mU/L were not associated with the risk of first‐time BSI, with an HR of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.90–1.04) per mU/L. Stratified by baseline age < or ≥65 years, TSH was inversely associated with the risk of BSI (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78–1.00 per mU/L) in the youngest age group only. Persons with any baseline thyroid disease had a 30% risk and the hyperthyroid subgroup a 57%, and hypothyroidism a 20% increased risk of BSI. TSH levels were not clearly associated with BSI mortality, but the HRs were imprecise due to few BSI‐related deaths.ConclusionThere was some evidence of a weak inverse association between TSH levels and the risk of BSI in persons below 65 years of age. The increased risk seen in persons with thyroid illness is probably explained by confounding by concurrent ill health.
Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism: 99mTc SestaMibi SPECT/CT results compare with hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Musumeci Martina , Pereira Lucía Valeria , San Miguel Lucas , Cianciarelli Constanza , Vazquez Eliana Cecilia , Mollerach Ana María , Arma Irene Josefa , Hume Isabel , Galich Ana María , Collaud Carlos 
Published: December 2021

AbstractContextNormocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (nPHPT) is defined by an inappropriately increased serum PTH with normal serum calcium. Information about the diagnostic yield of parathyroid SPECT/CT scan and ultrasonography in nHPPT is limited and not conclusive.PurposeTo evaluate the positivity rate of 99mTc‐Sestamibi SPECT/CT scan in nPHTP compared with classical hypercalcemic PHPT (cPHPT).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively studied 125 patients with 99mTc‐Sestamibi SPECT/CT scans. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: cPHPT (n = 93) and nPHPT (n = 32).ResultsThe detection rate of 99mTc‐Sestamibi SPECT/CT in cPHPT was 86,02% (80/93) and 59.37%, in nPHPT (19/32), p = .003. No significant differences were seen between the SPECT/CT scan and ultrasonography (p = .28) and the agreement was higher in cPHPT than in nPHPT, p = .03. Sensitivity of 99m Tc‐Sestamibi‐SPECT/CT was 98% on a per‐patient basis (PPV 96%) and 91% on a per‐lesion basis (PPV 88%). Glandular size was smaller in nPHPT (mean value 6.8 mm) and it was related only with PTH value.ConclusionLocalization rate of parathyroid hyperfunctioning tissue with 99mTc‐Sestamibi SPECT/CT is lower in nPHPT and it is related to a smaller glandular size. However, our study suggests that the positivity rate and sensitivity are nonnegligible by adding SPECT/CT. The reduction in the detection rate in nPHPT could benefit techniques with higher resolution such as 18F‐Choline PET/CT when the clinical context justifies it.
Preconception thyroid‐stimulating hormone levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Li Min , He Yang , Mao Yanyan , Yang Liu , Chen Liang , Du Jing , Chen Qing , Zhu Qianxi , Liu Jun , Zhou Weijin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveEvidence for the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction before conception and its pregnancy outcomes is inconsistent. Thus, we evaluated the relationship between preconception thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes.DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA total of 50,217 women without prior thyroid disease who became pregnant within 1 year after undertaking a routine TSH test in the Chongqing Municipality of China (2010–2016) were studied. Restricted cubic spline regression and logistic regression were used to estimate the association between preconception TSH levels and pregnancy outcomes. The main outcomes were individual and composite adverse pregnancy outcomes (CAPOs) comprising pregnancy loss, small for gestational age, large for gestational age, and preterm birth.ResultsIncidence of CAPO was 24.19%. Increased preconception TSH level was positively associated with CAPO (odds ratio [OR]/SD: 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.07) when TSH was ≥2.1 mIU/L, positively associated with pregnancy loss (OR/SD: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12) when TSH was <2.1 mIU/L, negatively and positively associated with preterm delivery when TSH levels were <1.3 mIU/L (OR/SD: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83–0.97) and >3.0 mIU/L (OR/SD: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00–1.17), respectively. Women with subclinical hypothyroidism before conception were at a higher risk for CAPO (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.04–1.22), while those with subclinical hyperthyroidism had a higher risk of preterm delivery (aOR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.01–1.70).ConclusionsNonlinear associations were indicated between preconception TSH levels and pregnancy outcomes. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction before conception was associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Electroacupuncture ameliorates postoperative cognitive dysfunction and associated neuroinflammation via NLRP3 signal inhibition in aged mice
Authors: Sun Long , Yong Yue , Wei Pan , Wang Yongqiang , Li He , Zhou Yalan , Ruan Wenqing , Li Xing , Song Jiangang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is associated with worsened prognosis especially in aged population. Clinical and animal studies suggested that electroacupuncture (EA) could improve POCD. However, the underlying mechanisms especially EA’s regulatory role of inflammasomes remain unclear.MethodsThe model of POCD was established by partial hepatectomy surgery in 18‐month mice with or without postoperative EA treatment to the Baihui acupoint (GV20) for 7 days. Cognitive functions were assessed by Morris water maze test, and proinflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐6 and microglia activity were assayed by qPCR, ELISA, or immunohistochemistry. Tight junction proteins, NLRP3 inflammasome and downstream proteins, and NF‐κB pathway proteins were evaluated by western blotting.ResultsEA markedly preserved cognitive dysfunctions in POCD mice, associated with the inhibition of neuroinflammation as evidenced by reduced microglial activation and decreased IL‐1β and IL‐6 levels in brain tissue. EA also preserved hippocampal neurons and tight junction proteins ZO‐1 and claudin 5. Mechanistically, the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF‐κB was inhibited by EA, while NLRP3 activation abolished EA’s treatment effects on cognitive function.ConclusionEA alleviates POCD‐mediated cognitive dysfunction associated with ameliorated neuroinflammation. Mechanistically, EA’s treatment effects are dependent on NLRP3 inhibition.
Excess all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality for people with diabetes and end‐stage kidney disease
Authors: Morton Jedidiah I. , Sacre Julian W. , McDonald Stephen P. , Magliano Dianna J. , Shaw Jonathan E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimsExcess mortality is high in the setting of diabetes and end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD), but the effects of ESKD beyond diabetes itself remains incompletely understood. We examined excess mortality in people with diabetes with versus without ESKD, and variation by age, sex and diabetes type.MethodsThis study included 63,599 people with type 1 (aged 20–69 years; 56% men) and 1,172,160 people with type 2 diabetes (aged 30+ years; 54% men), from the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme. Initiation of renal replacement therapy and mortality outcomes were obtained via linkage to the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry and the National Death Index, respectively. Excess mortality was measured by calculating the mortality rate ratio (MRR) for people with versus without ESKD via indirect standardisation.ResultsA total of 9027 people developed ESKD during 8,601,522 person‐years of follow‐up. Among people with type 1 diabetes, the MRR was 34.9 (95%CI: 16.6–73.1) in men and 41.5 (20.8–83.1) in women aged 20–29 years and was 5.6 (4.5–7.0) and 7.4 (5.5–10.1) in men and women aged 60–69 years, respectively. In type 2 diabetes, MRRs were 16.6 (8.6–31.8) and 35.8 (17.0–75.2) at age 30–39 years and were 2.8 (2.6–3.1) and 3.6 (3.2–4.1) at age 80+ years in men and women, respectively. Excess cause‐specific mortality was highest for peripheral artery disease, cardiac arrest, and infections, and lowest for cancer.ConclusionsAmong people with diabetes, excess mortality in ESKD is much higher at younger ages and is higher for women compared with men.
Cities as Anticipatory Systems: Analyzing “Weak Signals” to Explore beyond the Predictability of Their Future
Authors: MORALES NORA , GONZÁLEZ SALOMON 
Published: December 2021

In the last decade, Future Studies have developed a very important corpus of theory and methods aimed to analyze the future of cities. Meanwhile the world is confronted with major challenges like climate change, global pandemics, migration, inequality and poverty, government agencies, professional urbanists, academia and other organizations, concerned with strategic planning, are looking for new ways to provide insight into how we approach unforeseeable challenges and integrate complexity and novelty for better futures.In this paper we reviewed the notion of “weak signal” as a retrospective exploratory method to think of cities as anticipatory systems (Boer, Wiekens, and Damhof 2018) of future emerging problems.Using qualitative retrospective analysis and secondary research we focused on three urban innovations in transportation, workplaces and food domains at different cities to understand how to anticipate unforeseen scenarios and explore new ways of generating possible perspectives of the future.Our findings showed that some urban innovations are preceded by a group of weak signals (usually low in visibility or too diffuse) that need to incorporate more robust signals in their own context but could be a starting point to identify people's underlying assumptions, to sketch collective scenarios and increase their capacity to think about the present in order to move toward a desired and possible future, concept that Miller (2011) describes as “Future Literacy”.
Intuition: Thinking Through Loopholes
Authors: REISS LAURA N. M. 
Published: December 2021

Intuition, contrary to common sense, is not a natural gift. Intuition is born out of experience and it can be a valuable tool for researchers. But what has intuition to do with anticipation? To anticipate we usually rely on understanding current behavioral patterns and extrapolating them. Intuition is great at recognizing patterns and by trusting it more we can become even better researchers.As with any other skill in order to follow our intuition, we need to practice, to be exposed to a lot of fieldwork, to listen to a lot of people, so that we can not only notice what stands out of the common but give the right value to it. When we learn to use our intuition as a research tool, anticipating becomes natural.I will bring examples from a research project that aimed to explore the relationship of young women in Brazil with pregnancy and the most valuable insight in this project came from a girl who did not get pregnant.I will also draw from the world of chess ‐ a game where anticipation is the key to define the next move.Intuition can illuminate the atypical in order to understand the typical. And that's a powerful tool for any research.
Who Deserves to Be Observed? Wrestling with the Avant‐Garde
Authors: NARDI LETIZIA , BILLAUD LOLA 
Published: December 2021

What happens when the “mildly militaristic jargon of marketing” (2004, Sunderland, Taylor, Denny) seeps into the dialectic process of structuring applied research and blurs the meaning of its stakes? This provokingly titled Pecha‐Kucha stems from our experience of recruitment conundrums, ones in which notions of “avant‐garde” were used in framing, shaping, or reorienting our approach towards the people we were supposed to observe, analyze and report on.We resurface from these case studies and attempt to scratch the glossy coat that blankets these notions as we approach the range of theories that try to define who's “deserving” of observation. We point at their implications, revealing the power dynamics that they inevitably create, within and outside the field. Inspired by Escobar's call for non‐modern solutions to the stakes of the modern world (2017, Escobar) we reflect on how to make our epistemological choices count in the future shaping processes we find ourselves involved with.
Anticipating Shared Futures: Emotion, Connection & Relationships
Authors: HEFFERNAN SARAH 
Published: December 2021

Unprecedented. Unprecedented. Unprecedented. How often did we hear that word at the onslaught of the Covid‐19 pandemic? But was it really unprecedented? We've been warned for years that a pandemic was imminent. We know the world has been devastated by them in the past. So why did we declare Covid‐19 unprecedented? And why wasn't there a shared anticipation of it?Reflecting on an idea that was first sparked while working as a bungy jump operator, this PechaKucha explores how facts, figures and predictions are not enough when it comes to helping people anticipate and embrace the unthinkable. This discovery is layered with the grief I experience for a way of life I've never lived and the feeling of hope that comes from a futures project that is not about creating something new.