bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Years delayed gamma-ray and radio afterglows originated from TDE wind–torus interactions
Authors: Mou Guobin , Wang Wei 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Tidal disruption events (TDEs) that occur in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with dusty tori are a special class of sources. TDEs can generate ultrafast and large opening-angle wind, which will almost inevitably collide with the pre-existing AGN dusty tori a few years later after the TDE outburst. The wind–torus interactions drive two kinds of shocks: the bow shocks at the windward side of the torus clouds, and the cloud shocks inside the torus clouds. In a previous work, we proved that the shocked clouds will give rise to considerable X-ray emissions which can reach 1041 − 42 erg s−1 (so called years delayed X-ray afterglows). In this work, we focus on the radiations of high energy particles accelerated at both shocks. Benefiting from the strong radiation field at the inner edge of the torus, the inverse Compton scatterings of AGN photons by relativistic electrons at bow shocks dominate the overall gamma-ray radiation. The gamma-ray luminosity can reach $10^{41}~{\rm erg~s^{-1}}(L_{\rm kin}/10^{45}\, {\rm erg \, s^{-1}})$, where Lkin is the kinetic luminosity of TDE wind. Synchrotron radiation at bow shocks contributes to the radio afterglow with a luminosity of 10$^{38-39} ~{\rm erg~s^{-1}}(L_{\rm kin}/10^{45}\, {\rm erg \, s^{-1}})$ at 1–10 GHz if the magnetic field is 100 mGauss, and extends to infrared with a luminosity of $\sim 10^{39-40}~{\rm erg \, s^{-1}} (L_{\rm kin}/10^{45}\, {\rm erg \, s^{-1}})$. Our scenario provides a prediction of the years delayed afterglows in multiple wavebands for TDEs and reveals their connections.
Egg masses and larval development of the Antarctic cephalaspidean snail Waegelea antarctica (Cephalaspidea: Antarctophilinidae), with notes on egg masses of the related Antarctophiline alata
Authors: Moran A L , Toh M-W A , Lobert G T , Ely T , Marko P B 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe, for the first time, egg masses and larval developmental mode of a recently described Antarctic philinoid snail, Waegelea antarctica. Egg masses resembled the gelatinous, attached masses of many temperate philinoid species and contained very large offspring that hatched as developmentally advanced veligers with many juvenile features. Like other Antarctic heterobranch egg masses, development in the masses of W. antarctica appeared to be largely synchronous despite low internal oxygen levels. Hatched larvae could both swim and crawl, and we did not observe metamorphosis over several days. Molecular barcoding using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) showed an almost perfect (&lt;0.002% difference) match between our specimens from McMurdo Sound in the Ross Sea and a single sequence from a specimen collected &gt;8,000 km away in the Weddell Sea, suggesting either high realized larval dispersal or a recent range expansion. We also describe the egg mass of the related Antarctophiline alata (identified using COI barcoding) from the Ross Sea, which differed from published descriptions in having considerably smaller embryos.
The bacterial iron sensor IdeR recognizes its DNA targets by indirect readout
Authors: Marcos-Torres Francisco Javier , Maurer Dirk , Juniar Linda , Griese Julia J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The iron-dependent regulator IdeR is the main transcriptional regulator controlling iron homeostasis genes in Actinobacteria, including species from the Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium and Streptomyces genera, as well as the erythromycin-producing bacterium Saccharopolyspora erythraea. Despite being a well-studied transcription factor since the identification of the Diphtheria toxin repressor DtxR three decades ago, the details of how IdeR proteins recognize their highly conserved 19-bp DNA target remain to be elucidated. IdeR makes few direct contacts with DNA bases in its target sequence, and we show here that these contacts are not required for target recognition. The results of our structural and mutational studies support a model wherein IdeR mainly uses an indirect readout mechanism, identifying its targets via the sequence-dependent DNA backbone structure rather than through specific contacts with the DNA bases. Furthermore, we show that IdeR efficiently recognizes a shorter palindromic sequence corresponding to a half binding site as compared to the full 19-bp target previously reported, expanding the number of potential target genes controlled by IdeR proteins.
Tumor volumes as a predictor of response to the anti-EGFR antibody drug conjugate depatuxizumab mafadotin
Authors: Gan Hui K , Parakh Sagun , Lassman Andrew B , Seow Aidan , Lau Eddie , Lee Sze Ting , Ameratunga Malaka , Perchyonok Yuliya , Cao Diana , Burvenich Ingrid J G , O’Keefe Graeme J , Rigopoulos Angela , Gomez Erica , Maag David , Scott Andrew M 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe adverse impact of increasing brain tumor size on the efficacy of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) was investigated preclinically then validated with clinical data.Methods—Preclinical studyThe impact of tumor size on ADC tumor delivery and treatment response was evaluated in an EGFR-amplified patient-derived glioblastoma (GBM) model following treatment with Depatuxizumab mafadotin (Depatux-M). Biodistribution and imaging studies correlated drug distribution with starting treatment volume and anti-tumor activity.Methods—Clinical studyM12-356 was a Phase I study of Depatux-M in patients with GBM. Blinded volumetric analysis of baseline tumor volumes of M12-356 patients was undertaken by two reviewers and results correlated with response and survival.ResultsPreclinically, imaging and biodistribution studies showed specific and significantly higher tumor uptake of zirconium-89 labeled Depatux-M (89Zr-Depatux-M) in mice with smaller tumor volume (~98 mm3) versus those with larger volumes (~365 mm3); concordantly, mice with tumor volumes ≤100 mm3 at treatment commencement had significantly better growth inhibition by Depatux-M (93% vs 27%, P &lt; .001) and significantly longer overall survival (P &lt; .0001) compared to tumors ≥400 mm3. Clinically, patients with tumor volumes &lt;25 cm3 had significantly higher response rates (17% vs. 0%, P = .009) and longer overall survival (0.5 vs 0.89 years, P = .001) than tumors above 25 cm3.ConclusionBoth preclinical and clinical data showed intra-tumoral concentration and efficacy of Depatux-m inversely correlated with tumor size. This finding merit further investigation with pretreatment tumor volume as a predictor for response to ADCs, in both gliomas and other solid tumors.
Meta-analysis shows that overabundant deer (Cervidae) populations consistently decrease average population abundance and species richness of forest birds
Authors: Crystal-Ornelas Robert , Brown Jeffrey A , Valentin Rafael E , Beardsley Caroline , Lockwood Julie L 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLocal-scale studies have shown that an overabundance of Cervidae species (deer, elk, moose) impacts forest bird communities. Through meta-analysis, we provide a generalized estimate of the overall direction and magnitude of the indirect effects overabundant cervids have on avian species. We conducted 2 distinct meta-analyses that synthesized data on 130 bird species collected from 17 publications. These analyses compared bird species’ population abundance and/or species richness at sites with overabundant cervids to sites with lower cervid abundance or without cervids. We evaluated whether the impacts of overabundant cervids are generally in the same direction (positive, negative) across avian species and locations and if effects vary in magnitude according to avian nesting location and foraging habitat. We found that where cervids were overabundant, there was a significant decrease in mean bird population abundance and species richness. Species that nest in trees, shrubs, and on the ground showed the largest decreases in abundance, as did species whose primary habitat is forest and open woodland and species that are primarily insectivores or omnivores. We did not find significant decreases in abundance for avian species that nest in cavities, whose primary habitat is grassland or scrub, nor for species that mainly eat seeds. Our results indicate that overabundant cervids, likely through their direct effects on vegetation and indirect effects on insects and forest birds, negatively impact individual bird populations and decrease overall avian species richness.
Response of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) cell quotas to oxidative stress in three phytoplankton species
Authors: Royer C , Gypens N , Cardol P , Borges A V , Roberty S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Several phytoplankton species produce the metabolites dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) but their intracellular roles need to be better understood. To improve the understanding of the DMSP antioxidant function suggested by Sunda et al. (2002), we exposed the diatom Skeletonema costatum, the Prymnesiophyceae Phaeocystis globosa and the dinoflagellate Heterocapsa triquetra to experimental treatments known to cause potential oxidative stress (high light intensities (HL); HL with 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU); menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB)). DMSP and DMSO concentrations decreased after 6 h in all treatments indicating an interaction with Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) produced. DMSP and DMSO-to-cell ratios in control conditions were higher for H. triquetra, while being unable to grow under HL. DMSP and DMSO-to-cell carbon were the highest for P. globosa, while the other species had similar values. During long-term treatment, these ratios were not increased in high-light grown cells of P. globosa and S. costatum. Overall, this illustrates that (1) the DMSP- and DMSO-to-cell or carbon seems to be not indicative of the capability of the species to tolerate an oxidative stress, (2) these molecules could react with ROS and lower their cellular concentration, but no clues demonstrated that these molecules are part of the antioxidant response of the cell.
Immunological and functional features of decellularized xenogeneic heart valves after transplantation into GGTA1-KO pigs
Authors: Ramm Robert , Goecke Tobias , Köhler Peter , Tudorache Igor , Cebotari Serghei , Ciubotaru Anatol , Sarikouch Samir , Höffler Klaus , Bothe Friederike , Petersen Björn , Haverich Axel , Niemann Heiner , Hilfiker Andres 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDecellularization of xenogeneic heart valves might lead to excellent regenerative implants, from which many patients could benefit. However, this material carries various xenogeneic epitopes and thus bears a considerable inherent immunological risk. Here, we investigated the regenerative and immunogenic potential of xenogeneic decellularized heart valve implants using pigs deficient for the galactosyltransferase gene (GGTA1-KO) as novel large animal model. Decellularized aortic and pulmonary heart valves obtained from sheep, wild-type pigs or GGTA1-KO pigs were implanted into GGTA1-KO pigs for 3, or 6 months, respectively. Explants were analyzed histologically, immunhistologically (CD3, CD21 and CD172a) and anti-αGal antibody serum titers were determined by ELISA. Xenogeneic sheep derived implants exhibited a strong immune reaction upon implantation into GGTA1-KO pigs, characterized by massive inflammatory cells infiltrates, presence of foreign body giant cells, a dramatic increase of anti-αGal antibody titers and ultimately destruction of the graft, whereas wild-type porcine grafts induced only a mild reaction in GGTA1-KO pigs. Allogeneic implants, wild-type/wild-type and GGTA1-KO/GGTA1-KO valves did not induce a measurable immune reaction. Thus, GGTA1-KO pigs developed a ‘human-like’ immune response toward decellularized xenogeneic implants showing that immunogenicity of xenogeneic implants is not sufficiently reduced by decellularization, which detracts from their regenerative potential.
MEASUREMENT OF HALF-VALUE LAYER IN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNERS USING LUMINESCENCE OF POLYETHERSULFONE RESIN BY X-RAY IRRADIATION
Authors: Yamauchi-Kawaura C , Maki E , Fujii K , Komori M , Imai K 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this study, a method for estimating the half-value layer (HVL) and effective energy (Eeff) by imaging the luminescence from a polyethersulfone (PES) resin with rotating irradiation of X-rays in a computed tomography scanner was developed. The luminescence of the PES resin was imaged using a charge-coupled device camera. The PES-HVL was determined from the luminance attenuation profile corresponding to the X-ray attenuation within the resin. The PES-HVLs for tube potentials of 80–135 kVp were converted into Eeff values and were compared to those of a conventional lead-covered case method. The Eeff obtained using the proposed luminescence imaging method agreed within ~3.9% of that obtained using the conventional method. Moreover, dose simulations based on the X-ray spectrum calculated from the HVLs were performed using a poly(methyl methacrylate) phantom with a diameter of 16 cm. The simulated doses based on the luminescence imaging method agreed with the in-phantom dosimetry within ~9%.
Aflatoxin B1 Induces Gut-Inflammation-Associated Fecal Lipidome Changes in F344 Rats
Authors: Zhou Jun , Tang Lili , Wang Jia-Sheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) induced intestinal epithelial damage in rodent models, which indicates that long-term exposure to AFB1 may cause chronic gut disorders. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that AFB1-induced adverse effects on gut is mediated by gut-microbiota, which is partially reflected by the changes of fecal microbiome and metabolome. F344 rats were orally exposed to AFB1 of 0, 5, 25, and 75 µg kg−1 body weight for 4 weeks and fecal samples were collected. An ion-fragmentation-spectrum-based metabolomics approach was developed to investigate the fecal microbiota-associated metabolic changes in fecal samples. We found that AFB1 inhibited the hepatic and intestinal metabolism of bile constituents. As compared with the controls, bile acid synthesis-associated cholesterols in rats treated with 25 µg kg−1 (the middle-dose group) were significantly decreased in the fecal samples, for example, lathosterol (45% reduction), cholesterol ester (21% reduction), chenodeoxycholic acid (20% reduction), dihydroxycholesterol (55% reduction), hydroxycholesterol (20% reduction), and 5-cholestene (29% reduction). Although disease-associated lipids were not detectable in the feces of the control group, they were found in AFB1-treated groups, including diglyceride, monoacylglyceride, 19,20-dihydroxy-docosapentaenoic acid, and phosphatidylethanolamine. Metabolisms of carbohydrates and production of short-chain fatty acids were remarkedly decreased in all treated groups. Moreover, an inflammatory-bowel-disease (IBD)-associated taxonomic structure of fecal microbiota was observed as ∼25% Lachnospiraceae, ∼25% Ruminococcaceae, and &lt;1% Lactobacillales, which was similar to the composition pattern found in IBD patients. These results suggest that AFB1-induced disruption on gut-microbiota, partially reflected by fecal microbiome and metabolome, may play important roles in the pathogenesis of chronic gut disorders.
Regional Variant Analysis of Spike Glycoprotein Mutations of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Implications in COVID-19 Pandemic Control
Authors: Naseef Punnoth Poonkuzhi , Kuruniyan Mohamed Saheer , Ollakkod Shyju , Ilyas U.K. , Elayadeth-Meethal Muhammed 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMutations in the spike glycoprotein have various impacts on the receptor binding, antibody interaction, and host range of SARS-CoV-2. As the interaction of spike glycoprotein with the human ACE2 receptor is the entry point of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells, mutations in the spike protein itself contain numerous impacts on the pandemic. Here, we analysed all the mutations in the spike glycoprotein from123 strains isolated from Kerala, India. We also predicted the possible structural relevance of the unique mutations based on topological analysis of the residue interaction network of the spike glycoprotein structure.
Protective mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after heterologous systemic RNA-mucosal adenoviral vector immunization
Authors: Lapuente Dennis , Fuchs Jana , Willar Jonas , Antão Ana V , Eberlein Valentina , Uhlig Nadja , Issmail Leila , Schmidt Anna , Oltmanns Friederike , Peter Antonia Sophia , Mueller-Schmucker Sandra , Irrgang Pascal , Fraedrich Kirsten , Cara Andrea , Hoffmann Markus , Pöhlmann Stefan , Ensser Armin , Pertl Cordula , Willert Torsten , Thirion Christian , Grunwald Thomas , Überla Klaus , Tenbusch Matthias 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSeveral effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are currently in use, but in the light of waning immunity and the emergence of novel variants, effective boost modalities are needed in order to maintain or even increase immunity. Here we report that intranasal vaccinations with adenovirus 5 and 19a vectored vaccines following a systemic DNA or mRNA priming result in strong systemic and mucosal immunity in mice. In contrast to two intramuscular injections with an mRNA vaccine, the mucosal boost with adenoviral vectors induced high levels of IgA and tissue-resident memory T cells in the respiratory tract. Mucosal neutralization of virus variants of concern was also enhanced by the intranasal boosts. Importantly, priming with mRNA provoked a more comprehensive T cell response consisting of circulating and tissue-resident memory T cells after the boost, while a DNA priming induced mostly mucosal T cells. Concomitantly, the intranasal boost strategies provided protection against symptomatic disease. Therefore, a mucosal booster immunization after mRNA priming is a promising approach to establish mucosal immunity in addition to systemic responses.
Corrosion inhibitor system for blocking polymer well by potassium persulfate injection
Authors: Cheng Qingchao , Cao Guangsheng , Sang Congyu , Bai Yujie , Li Dan , Bu Ruixuan 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to clarify the corrosion inhibition effect of different corrosion inhibitor systems on the corrosion of metal pipe string by potassium persulfate plugging agent, so as to improve the injection capacity of polymer plugging well and reduce the corrosion of steel by oxidant plugging agent.

Design/methodology/approach
The effect of different corrosion inhibitors on the corrosion inhibition of N80 carbon steel in 1% potassium persulfate solution was studied by electrochemical experiment and weight loss experiment. The corrosion inhibition mechanism of potassium persulfate inhibitor and the synergistic mechanism among different inhibitors were analyzed.

Findings
The results indicated that when the temperature was 50°C, the inhibition effect of 0.2% sodium molybdate with a single inhibitor was the best at pH 8.5, and the inhibition rate was 70.17%. The inhibition efficiency of 0.2% sodium molybdate + 0.3% sodium silicate in the composite inhibition system can reach 94.38%. In the temperature range of 20°C–60°C, with the increase of system temperature, the inhibition effect of corrosion inhibitor will gradually weaken.

Originality/value
The corrosion inhibition system of N80 steel in potassium persulfate oxidant was mainly studied, and it clarified the influence of temperature and pH value on the corrosion inhibition effect, which provided guidance and suggestions for the corrosion inhibition of tubular string in the oilfield.
Salt iodisation of processed foods in Germany: evidence, processors' perceptions and implications for public health
Authors: Bissinger Katharina , Herrmann Roland , Jordan Irmgard 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe authors provide primary data on salt iodisation of processed foods in Germany, analyse reasons for food processors' use or non-use of iodisation and derive implications for public health.Design/methodology/approachStatistical evidence is presented on the use of iodised salt in bread and bakery products, meat and meat products and dairy products in the German grocery-retailing sector. Information is based on mobile data collection in a representative sample of grocery stores in four German cities. These data are analysed with logistic regression models. Additionally, an online survey of bakers and butchers is utilised to record and to explain the use of iodised salt in specialised food stores.FindingsSalt was added in 69.3% of the 29,910 foods analysed in the market study. When salt was added, iodised salt was used in only 28.5% of the cases. According to the online survey, only 44% of the bakers and butchers used iodised salt, and the user share declined over time. Incomplete information from processors on the role of iodised salt for public health is contributing to the low and declining user share.Originality/valueThe authors combine different market research methods and elaborate that the recommendation by the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture – “If salt, then iodised salt” – is implemented to a very limited extent by the food industry and specialised food stores. From the behaviour of food processors and their perceptions of salt iodisation, the authors gain new insights for policy and public health.
The impact of business analytics capability on data-driven culture and exploration: achieving a competitive advantage
Authors: Almazmomi Najah , Ilmudeen Aboobucker , Qaffas Alaa A. 
Published: August 2021

PurposeIn today's business setting, the business analytic capability, data-driven culture and product development features are highly pronounced in light of the firm's competitive advantage. Though widespread attention has been given to the above concepts, there hasn't been much research done on how it could support achieving competitive advantage.Design/methodology/approachThis research strongly lies on the theoretical background and empirically tests the hypothesized relationships. The primary survey of 272 responses was analysed by using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe findings of this study show a significant relationship for the constructs in the research model except for the third hypothesis. Accordingly, the firm's data-driven culture does not have a significant impact on new product newness.Originality/valueThis study empirically tests the business analytics capability, data-driven culture, and new product development features in the context of a firm's competitive advantage. The findings of this study contribute to the theoretical, practical and managerial aspects of this field.
Belle, Inc.
Authors: Hutchison-Krupat Jeremy Chapman , Kraft Tim , Weiss Elliott N. 
Published: August 2021

This case is an updated version of “Netflix Inc.: DVD Wars” (UVA-M-0763), and was written as a replacement for it.A financial analyst is asked to appraise the value of Netflix’s stock at a time of unprecedented turmoil for the company. This case introduces customer lifetime value (CLV) as a useful metric for subscription-based businesses.