bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in energy metabolism and mitochondrial redox status account for the differences in propensity for developing obesity in rats fed on high‐fat diet
Authors: Lu Yipin , Li Yingrui , Sun Yongjuan , Ma Shuhua , Zhang Kai , Tang Xue , Chen Ailing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObesity is a metabolic disease that is accompanied by oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with the occurrence and development of obesity. However, it is unclear if there are differences in mitochondrial redox homeostasis and energy metabolism between obesity‐prone (OP) and obesity‐resistant (OR) individuals and if these differences account for the different susceptibilities to developing obesity. The present study aimed to compare the regulation of energy metabolism between OP and OR rats during high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced oxidative stress. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group and the HFD group. The HFD group was further divided into the OP and OR groups based on body weight gain (upper 1/3 for OP; lower 1/3 for OR) after eight weeks on HFD. Rats were sacrificed at the 8th and 20th week, and serum and organs were collected. At 8 weeks, HFD decreased mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme activity and increased the production of ROS in the OP rats, which was accompanied by unusual mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and decreased ATP production. When the feeding period was extended beyond the 8 weeks, the energy expenditure of the OP rats reduced further, resulting in elevated blood lipids and glucose levels and increased body weight. In contrast, the OR rats had higher mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme activity and normal redox homeostasis throughout the period, which was beneficial in energy utilization and ATP production. Thus, the increase in energy expenditure in the OR rats reduced the HFD‐induced weight gain. Mitochondrial function and antioxidant defense might be involved in the different propensities for developing obesity. Consequently, the ability of OR rats to resist obesity may be attributed to their ability to maintain mitochondrial function and redox balance.
Functional cooperation of the hedgehog and androgen signaling pathways during developmental and repairing myelination
Authors: Laouarem Yousra , Kassoussi Abdelmoumen , Zahaf Amina , Hutteau‐Hamel Tom , Mellouk Amine , Bobé Pierre , Mattern Claudia , Schumacher Michael , Traiffort Elisabeth 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHedgehog morphogens control fundamental cellular processes during tissue development and regeneration. In the central nervous system (CNS), Hedgehog signaling has been implicated in oligodendrocyte and myelin production, where it functions in a concerted manner with other pathways. Since androgen receptor (AR) plays a key role in establishing the sexual phenotype of myelin during development and is required for spontaneous myelin regeneration in the adult CNS, we hypothesized the existence of a possible coordination between Hedgehog and androgen signals in oligodendrocyte and myelin production. Here, we report complementary activities of both pathways during early postnatal oligodendrogenesis further revealing that persistent Hedgehog signaling activation impedes myelin production. The data also uncover prominent pro‐myelinating activity of testosterone and involvement of AR in the control of neural stem cell commitment toward the oligodendroglial lineage. In the context of CNS demyelination, we provide evidence for the functional cooperation of the pathways leading to acceleration of myelin regeneration that might be related to their respective role on microglial and astroglial responses, higher preservation of axonal integrity, lower neuroinflammation, and functional improvement of animals in an immune model of CNS demyelination. Strong decreases of deleterious cytokines in the CNS (GM‐CSF, TNF‐α, IL‐17A) and spleen (IL‐2, IFN‐γ) stand as unique features of the combined drugs while the potent therapeutic activity of testosterone on peripheral immune cells contributes to increase tolerogenic CD11c+ dendritic cells, reduce the clonal expansion of conventional CD4+ T cells and increase CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Altogether, these data might open promising perspectives for demyelinating diseases.
Human Hepatitis B Virus Negatively Impacts the Protective Immune Crosstalk Between Natural Killer and Dendritic Cells
Authors: De Pasquale Claudia , Campana Stefania , Barberi Chiara , Sidoti Migliore Giacomo , Oliveri Daniela , Lanza Marika , Musolino Cristina , Raimondo Giovanni , Ferrone Soldano , Pollicino Teresa , Ferlazzo Guido 
Published: January 2021

Background and Aims
Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in the clearance of human viruses but their activity is significantly impaired in patients infected with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Cooperation with dendritic cells (DCs) is pivotal for obtaining optimal NK cell antiviral function; thus, we investigated whether HBV might impact the ability of DCs to sustain NK cell functions.

Approach and Results
Human DCs were poor stimulators of interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) production by NK cells when exposed to HBV, while maintaining the capability to trigger NK cell cytotoxicity. HBV prevented DC maturation but did not affect their expression of human leukocyte antigen class I, thus allowing DCs to evade NK cell lysis. Tolerogenic features of DCs exposed to HBV were further supported by their increased expression of IL‐10 and the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase, which contributed to the impairment of DC‐mediated NK cell IFN‐γ production and proliferation, respectively. HBV could also inhibit the expression of inducible immunoproteasome (iP) subunits on DCs. In fact, NK cells could induce iP subunit expression on DCs, but they failed in the presence of HBV. Remarkably, circulating blood DC antigen1 (BDCA1)+DCs isolated from patients with CHB were functionally compromised, hence altering, in turn, NK cell responses.

Conclusions
The abnormal NK–DC interplay caused by HBV may significantly impair the efficacy of antiviral immune response in patients with CHB.
Interobserver agreement: A preliminary investigation into how much is enough?
Authors: Hausman Nicole L. , Javed Noor , Bednar Molly K. , Guell Madeleine , Schaller Erin , Nevill Rose E. , Kahng SungWoo 
Published: January 2021

Interobserver agreement (IOA) is important for research and practice, and supports the consistency of behavioral data (Kahng et al., 2011). Although general parameters for how much IOA is needed have been suggested (Bailey & Burch, 2018), it is unknown if the total number of sessions with IOA might impact the IOA coefficient. In this study, IOA was reanalyzed using functional analysis data at various cutoffs. Obtained IOA from these analyses was then compared to the original IOA. Overall, results suggested that, at least when using highly trained observers in a structured clinical setting, there were no significant differences in IOA across cutoffs. However, IOA was sensitive to overall rate of responding in the functional analysis. These data are encouraging, particularly for practitioners, because they provide preliminary support that the amount of sessions with IOA may not be as important as the consistency of the data.
Characterization of the 3YSZ/CNT/HAP coating on the Ti6Al4V alloy by electrophoretic deposition
Authors: Naseri Hadi , Ghatee Mojtaba , Yazdani Arash , Mohammadi Majid , Manafi Sahebali 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this article, the effects of the simultaneous addition of the 3 mol % yttria‐stabilized zirconia (3YSZ) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforcements on different properties of the natural hydroxyapatite (HAP) coating were studied. The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process was implemented to prepare thin coatings on the Ti6Al4V substrate. The coatings were then sintered at 1000 ° C under vacuum for 2 hr and the mechanical properties of them were studied by the nano‐indentation method. The microsture and phase content of the coatings were investigated by the scanning electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction methods, respectively. The electrochemical properties of the samples were studied by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The biocompatibility of the coatings was evaluated by the MTT test under standard conditions. It was found that the proper voltage and duration for the deposition of the coatings were 20 V and 4 min, while the longer deposition time of up to 6 min. Was tolerable in the coatings containing 5 wt % of the CNTs. The hardness and Young's modulus of the coatings were improved significantly by the siumultaneous addition of 3YSZ and CNTs, but the effect of nanotubes was more prominent. It was also found that the composite coating had marginally lower biocompatibility, as compared to the natural HAP, which was probably due to their lower roughness. The corrosion resistance of the HAP was not affected by the presence of 3YSZ particles, while the addition of CNTs improved the corrosion resistance of the coatings.
Biocompatiblemagnesium‐dopedbiphasic calcium phosphate for bone regeneration
Authors: Ballouze Rama , Marahat Muhammad Hanif , Mohamad Sharlina , Saidin Nor Aini , Kasim Shah Rizal , Ooi Jer Ping 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAutologous bone grafting remains the gold standard for almost all bone void‐filling orthopedic surgery. However, autologous bone grafting has several limitations, thus scientists are trying to identify an ideal synthetic material as an alternative bone graft substitute. Magnesium‐doped biphasic calcium phosphate (Mg‐BCP) has recently been in the spotlight and is considered to be a potential bone substitute. The Mg‐BCP is a mixture of two bioceramics, that is, hydroxyapatite (HA) and β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP), doped with Mg2+, and can be synthesized through chemical wet‐precipitation, sol–gel, single diffusion gel, and solid state reactions. Regardless of the synthesis routes, it is found that the Mg2+preferentially accommodates in β‐TCP lattice instead of the HA lattice. The addition of Mg2+to BCP leads to desirable physicochemical properties and is found to enhance the apatite‐forming ability as compared to pristine BCP.In vitroresults suggest that the Mg‐BCP is bioactive and not toxic to cells. Implantation of Mg‐BCP inin vivomodels further affirmed its biocompatibility and efficacy as a bone substitute. However, like the other bioceramics, the optimum physicochemical properties of the Mg‐BCP scaffold have yet to be determined. Further investigations are required regarding Mg‐BCP applications in bone tissue engineering.
Longitudinal Functional Study of Murine Aging: A Resource for Future Study Designs
Authors: Evans Daniel S , O'Leary Monique N , Murphy Ryan , Schmidt Minna , Koenig Kristin , Presley Michael , Garrett Brittany , Kim Ha‐Neui , Han Li , Academia Emmeline C , Laye Matt J , Edgar Daniel , Zambataro Christopher A , Barhydt Tracey , Dewey Colleen M , Mayfield Jarrott , Wilson Joy , Alavez Silvestre , Lucanic Mark , Kennedy Brian K , Almeida Maria , Andersen Julie K , Kapahi Pankaj , Lithgow Gordon J , Melov Simon 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTAging is characterized by systemic declines in tissue and organ functions. Interventions that slow these declines represent promising therapeutics to protect against age‐related disease and improve the quality of life. In this study, several interventions associated with lifespan extension in invertebrates or improvement of age‐related disease were tested in mouse models to determine if they were effective in slowing tissue aging in a broad spectrum of functional assays. Benzoxazole, which extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, slowed age‐related femoral bone loss in mice. Rates of change were established for clinically significant parameters in untreated mice, including kyphosis, blood glucose, body composition, activity, metabolic measures, and detailed parameters of skeletal aging in bone. These findings have implications for the study of preclinical physiological aging and therapies targeting aging. Finally, an online application was created that includes the calculated rates of change and that enables power and variance to be calculated for many clinically important metrics of aging with an emphasis on bone. This resource will help in future study designs employing novel interventions in aging mice. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Patient Healthcare Trajectory and its Impact on the Cost-Effectiveness of Fracture Liaison Services
Authors: Senay Andréa , Fernandes Julio C , Delisle Josée , Morin Suzanne N , Dragomir Alice , Nazha Sara , Perreault Sylvie 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to assess the cost-utility of a Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) with a systematic follow-up according to patients' follow-up compliance trajectories. The Lucky Bone™ FLS is a prospective cohort study conducted on women and men (≥40 years) with fragility fractures. Dedicated personnel of the program identified fractures, investigated, treated, and followed patients systematically over 2 years. Groups of follow-up compliance trajectories were identified, and Markov decision models were used to assess the cost-utility of each follow-up trajectory group compared to usual care. A lifetime horizon from the perspective of the healthcare payer was modeled. Costs were converted to 2018 Canadian dollars and incremental cost-utility ratios (ICURs) were measured. Costs and benefits were discounted at 1.5%. A total of 532 participants were followed in the FLS (86% women, mean age of 63 years). Three trajectories were predicted and interpreted; the high followers (HFs, 48.4%), intermediate followers (IFs, 28.1%), and low followers (LFs, 23.5%). The costs of the interventions per patient varied between $300 and $446 for 2 years, according to the follow-up trajectory. The FLS had higher investigation, treatment, and persistence rates compared to usual care. Compared to usual care, the ICURs for the HF, IF, and LF trajectory groups were $4250, $21,900, and $72,800 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained, respectively ($9000 per QALY gained for the overall FLS). Sensitivity analyses showed that the HF and IF trajectory groups, as well as the entire FLS, were cost-effective in &gt;67% of simulations with respect to usual care. In summary, these results suggest that a high-intensity FLS with a systematic 2-year follow-up can be cost-effective, especially when patients attend follow-up visits. They also highlight the importance of understanding the behaviors and factors that surround follow-up compliance over time as secondary prevention means that they are at high risk of re-fracture. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Bone Mineral Density at the Time of Initiating Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy Is Associated With Decreased Fractures in Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Lu Huifang , Lei Xiudong , Zhao Hui , Elting Linda , Siricilla Mamatha , Ursani Mohammad Ali , Giordano Sharon H , Suarez-Almazor Maria 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer who receive an aromatase inhibitor (AI) are at risk for fractures. We aim to determine if dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans made at the time of AI initiation are associated with decreased fractures. We retrospectively identified 25,158 women with local or regional breast cancer diagnosed between 2005 and 2013 who received AI therapy between 2007 and 2013 from the Medicare-linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program and Texas Cancer Registry databases. We defined baseline DXA screening using claims made between 1 year before and 6 months after each patient's first AI claim to examine determinants of baseline screening using a multivariable GENMOD model. We included a propensity score adjustment in Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association between time-varying DXA screening and the risk of fractures. Additionally, we compared the use of antiresorptive therapy drugs between the two groups. Of the study cohort, 14,738 (58.6%) received DXA screening. The screening rates increased annually from 52.1% in 2007 to 61.7% in 2013. Higher screening rates were observed in patients with younger age, married status, non-Hispanic white race, localized disease, fewer comorbidities, more than one type of aromatase inhibitor drug claim, no state buy-in (surrogate for low socioeconomic status), higher education level, and prior osteoporosis diagnosis. Baseline DXA screening was associated with decreased risk of subsequent fractures (hazard ratio = 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.86–0.97, p &lt; .001) after multivariable and propensity score adjustment. Bone-modifying drugs were prescribed to 4440 (30.1%) patients with screening compared with 1766 (16.9%) without (p &lt; .001). Of the 4440 patients who received treatment, 95% received bisphosphonates. Our study demonstrated baseline DXA screening was associated with a decreased risk of fractures and a higher likelihood of receiving antiresorptive therapies. Improvement of the baseline DXA screening is still needed in practice. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Retracted: Two Cu(II)‐based coordination polymers: Treatment activity on diabetic nephropathy via reducing aldose reductase activity and blood glucose concentration
Authors: Zhou Li‐Hua , Huang Ya‐Lian , Lai Shu‐Chang , Chen Zong‐Cun , Chen Xian‐Ying , Ju Feng , Fu Mao‐Xiong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRetraction: [Li‐Hua Zhou, Ya‐Lian Huang, Shu‐Chang Lai, Zong‐Cun Chen, Xian‐Ying Chen, Feng Ju, Mao‐Xiong Fu, Two Cu(II)‐based coordination polymers: Treatment activity on diabetic nephropathy via reducing aldose reductase activity and blood glucose concentration, J. Chin. Chem. Soc. (https://doi.org/10.1002/jccs.202000344)].The above article, published online on 22 January 2021 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Jye‐Shane Yang, and Wiley‐VCH GmbH, Weinheim. The retraction has been agreed due to major overlap between this article and the following article published in Polyhedron, "Three Co(II) coordination polymers constructed from 2,5‐di(4‐pyridyl)thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole and V‐shaped dicarboxylic acids: Syntheses, characterizations, structural diversity and optical properties" by Mürsel Arıcıa, Okan Zafer Yeşilela, Necmi Degeb, Volume 163 (2019); 77‐83: doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2019.02.021. Furthermore, investigation of the thermogravimetric and elemental analysis of the materials presented in the article revealed inconsistencies that render the conclusions unreliable.
TNK2 promoted esophageal cancer progression via activating egfr‐akt signaling
Authors: Zhang Anqing , Zhang Rongxin , Yang Zhiming , Tian Rui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the clinical implication of TNK2 expression in esophageal cancer patients’ cancer tissue samples.MethodsThe expression of TNK2 in esophageal cancer tissues and para‐carcinoma tissue was assessed with immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis; besides, the proteins of CDC42, EGFR, and Akt were also analyzed. Then, Kaplan‐Meier survival curves of TNK2 protein expression level were assayed with 184 esophageal cancer patients from TCGA database. Moreover, with multiple linear regression analysis, we detected the correlations of TNK2 expression associated with tumor differentiation degree and metastasis status.ResultsIt revealed that TNK2 was highly expressed in the cytoplasm of esophageal cancer tissues compared with para‐carcinoma tissue; besides, the proteins of CDC42, EGFR, and Akt were also up‐regulated in different levels of esophageal cancer tissues. However, there was no significant difference of the overall survival time of TNK2 protein expression in 184 esophageal cancer patients from TCGA database (p = 0.37). But, in the included study samples of our study, there was positive coefficience between TNK2 protein expression and differentiation degree in esophageal cancer with multiple linear regression analysis [R = 0.928, 95% confidence interval (0.085‐0.12)].ConclusionOur results indicated that TNK2 was a potential diagnostic marker and promoted esophageal cancer progression through activating EGFR‐AKT signaling.
Third time's the charm or three strikes you're out? An updated review of the efficacy of dolphin‐assisted therapy for autism and developmental disabilities
Authors: Marino Lori , Lilienfeld Scott O. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractContextDolphin‐assisted therapy (DAT) is a popular form of animal‐assisted therapy for autism spectrum disorders and other psychological conditions.ObjectiveIn this review, our third, we analyze the most recent DAT studies in terms of construct and internal validity criteria to determine if there is empirical support for DAT.MethodTo ensure a systematic review, we searched for peer‐reviewed studies on DAT by submitting relevant search terms to Google Scholar from 2007 to 2020, conducted a further search of all DAT papers in several peer‐reviewed journals, and reviewed reference sections of DAT articles to ensure a thorough review of the literature between 2007 and the present.ResultsThe DAT literature continues to be marked by several weaknesses in both internal and construct validity that preclude confident inferences regarding the intervention's efficacy.ConclusionThere is still insufficient evidence that DAT has therapeutic value.
The role of adult facilitators in arts‐based extracurricular settings: Perceived factors for success of adult–youth relationships
Authors: Chapin Laurie A. , Fowler Michelle A. , Deans Carolyn L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractExtracurricular arts programmes and supportive adult relationships provide youth with opportunities for positive development, however, more research about how relationships within these programmes develop and what factors and practices adults use to guide their work would help to improve youth programmes' outcomes. Eight Film Club facilitators at an after‐school film‐making club for students in grades 5 through 8 were interviewed about their perceived their role and what practices they successfully utilised. The semistructured interviews were then thematically analysed. Facilitators perceived the development of authentic and supportive relationships provided a foundation for meaningful learning. Rather than being directive, the facilitators had a collaborative approach to engagement, which allowed for social and emotional learning opportunities and established youth agency. Relationships within creative extracurricular spaces, which are youth‐led and include supportive adult facilitators may provide young people with valuable opportunities for social, emotional and identity development.