bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hem-o-Lok polymer clips for major vascular control in paediatric minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Haffenden Verity , Peters Robert T , Wilkinson David , Lansdale Nick 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeThe challenge of endoscopic large vessel control has brought sweat to the brow of many a surgeon, yet the optimal method for use in a small working space remains unknown. Reports of delayed, major haemorrhage with exclusive energy device use have raised significant concerns. We, therefore, report outcomes of an alternative sealing device (Weck Hem-o-Lok polymer clips) in laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery.MethodsA retrospective review of all patients (< 18 years) who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy or thoracoscopic pulmonary resection between February 2018 and August 2020 (30 months) was undertaken. Data are presented as median (IQR).ResultsThirty-three patients were identified (16 female); 16 underwent laparoscopic splenectomy and 17 thoracoscopic lobectomy/excision of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) or resection of pulmonary sequestration. Age at surgery was 7 years 7 months (6 years 2 months–9 years 9 months) and weight 23.0 kg (20.2–37.4 kg) in the splenectomy group: it was 16 months (13–19 months) and 12.0 kg (10.4–13.2 kg) in the thoracic group. Hem-o-Lok clips (medium–large) were used to individually clip: (1) the main splenic artery and vein; or (2) pulmonary arterial branches and vein; or (3) systemic sequestration vessels, using a 5 mm endoscopic applicator. In most cases, two clips were placed proximally and one distally: the vessel then divided without energy. There were no incidences of clip failure during application or migration. There was no significant intra-operative or post-operative bleeding.ConclusionHem-o-Lok polymer clips are a safe and reliable method for major vascular control during endoscopic surgery in small children.
Association between dietary flavonoid intakes and C-reactive protein levels: a cross-sectional study in Taiwan
Authors: Hsieh Cheng-Tzu , Wang Jui , Chien Kuo-Liong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Although the intake of specific flavonoid-rich foods may reduce C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, the association between dietary flavonoid intakes and CRP is inconsistent. We aim to describe dietary flavonoid intakes in a Taiwanese nationally representative sample and to investigate the association between flavonoid intakes and CRP. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on 2592 adults from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2005–8. Flavonoid intakes were estimated by linking the 24-h dietary recall with the U.S. Department of Agriculture flavonoid database and divided into quartiles. Adjusted estimates of the flavonoid intakes for the continuous and binary (elevated CRP: >0⋅3 mg/dl) variables were performed by using general linear and logistic regression. We found that tea, orange, tofu and sweet potato leaves/water spinach constituted the major food items of the total flavonoid intake. The total flavonoid intake was lower among women and elderly. Compared with the lowest total flavonoid intake quartile, participants in higher quartiles were associated with a lower CRP status (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0⋅61, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0⋅44–0⋅86 for the highest quartiles). The trends were similar for flavonol and flavan-3-ol intakes. Compared with non-consumers, tea consumers were likely to have a lower CRP status (adjusted OR: 0⋅74, 95 % CI: 0⋅57–0⋅97). In brief, a higher total flavonoid intake and tea consumption were inversely associated with CRP levels, indicating that a high-flavonoid diet may contribute to anti-inflammatory effects. A Taiwanese flavonoid content table is necessary for conducting further studies related to flavonoids in Taiwan.
Understanding the Welby-Russell Correspondence
Authors: Metzger Scott 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTA shallow reading of the 1905 correspondence between Victoria Welby and Bertrand Russell yields the impression that Welby has misunderstood Russell's “On Denoting.” I argue that a deeper reading reveals that Welby should be understood, not as misunderstanding Russell, but as bringing a pragmatic attitude to bear on Russell's theory of descriptions in order to expose the limits of his strictly logical analysis.
The Myth of a State of Intending
Authors: Russell Devlin 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTRecent work by Joseph Raz, Niko Kolodny, and Sergio Tenenbaum suggest that there are no normative constraints peculiar to intentions as such. Such constraints are a myth. We can understand the rationality of intention without positing that intention is a mental state. I argue that, further, we can understand the descriptive nature of intention (i.e., its role in intrapersonal coordination) without positing that intention is a mental state. Such a posit is itself a myth. Instead, intention is an action with certain characteristic sub-actions that play a coordinating role.
Ultra-processed foods, changes in blood pressure and incidence of hypertension: the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)
Authors: Scaranni Patricia de Oliveira da Silva , Cardoso Leticia de Oliveira , Chor Dora , Melo Enirtes Caetano Prates , Matos Sheila Maria Alvim , Giatti Luana , Barreto Sandhi Maria , da Fonseca Maria de Jesus Mendes 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjective:To estimate changes in blood pressure and the incidence of hypertension associated with consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) by Brazilian civil servants at a 4-year follow-up.Design:Longitudinal analysis of the ELSA-Brasil with non-hypertensive individuals at baseline. We applied the FFQ at the baseline and categorised energy intake by degree of processing, using the NOVA classification. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured at baseline (2008–2010) and again at first follow-up (2012–2014). Incidence of arterial hypertension was defined as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg or antihypertensive medication during the previous 2 weeks. A mixed-effect linear regression model and mixed-effect logistic regression model were used to estimate associations between UPF consumption and, respectively, changes in blood pressure and incidence of hypertension.Setting:Brazil.Participants:Civil servants of Brazilian public academic institutions in six cities (n8754), aged 35–74 years at baseline (2008–2010).Results:UPF consumption contributed 25·2 % (sd= 9·6) of total energies consumed. After adjustment, participants with high UPF consumption presented a 23 % greater risk of developing hypertension (OR = 1·23, 95 % CI 1·06, 1·44) than those with low UPF consumption. We did not find association between UPF consumption and changes in blood pressure over time.Conclusions:The higher the UPF consumption, the higher the risk of hypertension in adults. Reducing UPF consumption is thus important to promote health and prevent hypertension.
Induction of ferroptosis in human nasopharyngeal cancer cells by cucurbitacin B: molecular mechanism and therapeutic potential
Authors: Huang Shuai , Cao Bihui , Zhang Jinling , Feng Yunfei , Wang Lu , Chen Xiaopei , Su Hang , Liao Shengrong , Liu Jinggong , Yan Jun , Liang Baoxia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCucurbitacin B (CuB) is a widely available triterpenoid molecule that exhibits various biological activities. Previous studies on the anti-tumour mechanism of CuB have mostly focused on cell apoptosis, and research on the ferroptosis-inducing effect has rarely been reported. Herein, we first discovered the excellent cytotoxicity of CuB towards human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and elucidated its potential ferroptosis-inducing mechanisms. Morphology alterations of mitochondrial ultrastructure, as observed via transmission electron microscopy, showed that CuB-treated cells undergo ferroptosis. CuB caused intracellular accumulation of iron ions and depletion of glutathione. Detailed molecular mechanism investigation confirmed that CuB both induced widespread lipid peroxidation and downregulated the expression of GPX4, ultimately initiating a multipronged mechanism of ferroptosis. Furthermore, CuB exhibited anti-tumour effects in vitro by inhibiting cellular microtubule polymerization, arresting cell cycle and suppressing migration and invasion. Finally, CuB significantly inhibited tumour progression without causing obvious side effects in vivo. Altogether, our study highlighted the therapeutic potential of CuB as a ferroptosis-inducing agent for nasopharyngeal cancer, and it provided valuable insights for developing effective anti-tumour agents with novel molecular mechanisms derived from natural products.
The key cyclic electron flow protein PGR5 associates with cytochrome b6f, and its function is partially influenced by the LHCII state transition
Authors: Wu Xinyi , Wu Jianqiang , Wang Yu , He Meiwen , He Mingming , Liu Weikang , Shu Sheng , Sun Jin , Guo Shirong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn plants and algae, PGR5-dependent cyclic electron flow (CEF) is an important regulator of acclimation to fluctuating environments, but how PGR5 participates in CEF is unclear. In this work, we analyzed two PGR5s in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under different conditions and found that CsPGR5a played the dominant role in PGR5-dependent CEF. The results of yeast two-hybrid, biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), blue native PAGE, and coimmunoprecipitation (CoIP) assays showed that PGR5a interacted with PetC, Lhcb3, and PsaH. Furthermore, the intensity of the interactions was dynamic during state transitions, and the abundance of PGR5 attached to cyt b6f decreased during the transition from state 1 to state 2, which revealed that the function of PGR5a is related to the state transition. We proposed that PGR5 is a small mobile protein that functions when attached to protein complexes.Two PGR5s are present in some species of algae and higher plants, and CsPGR5a plays the dominant role in PGR5-dependent cyclic electron flow in cucumber. PGR5 is a small and mobile protein that functions when attached to protein complexes. In this study, the function of PGR5 was found to be partially related to the state transition.
Continental-scale analysis of shallow and deep groundwater contributions to streams
Authors: Hare Danielle K. , Helton Ashley M. , Johnson Zachary C. , Lane John W. , Briggs Martin A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGroundwater discharge generates streamflow and influences stream thermal regimes. However, the water quality and thermal buffering capacity of groundwater depends on the aquifer source-depth. Here, we pair multi-year air and stream temperature signals to categorize 1729 sites across the continental United States as having major dam influence, shallow or deep groundwater signatures, or lack of pronounced groundwater (atmospheric) signatures. Approximately 40% of non-dam stream sites have substantial groundwater contributions as indicated by characteristic paired air and stream temperature signal metrics. Streams with shallow groundwater signatures account for half of all groundwater signature sites and show reduced baseflow and a higher proportion of warming trends compared to sites with deep groundwater signatures. These findings align with theory that shallow groundwater is more vulnerable to temperature increase and depletion. Streams with atmospheric signatures tend to drain watersheds with low slope and greater human disturbance, indicating reduced stream-groundwater connectivity in populated valley settings.
Germline inherited small RNAs facilitate the clearance of untranslated maternal mRNAs in C. elegans embryos
Authors: Quarato Piergiuseppe , Singh Meetali , Cornes Eric , Li Blaise , Bourdon Loan , Mueller Florian , Didier Celine , Cecere Germano 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInheritance and clearance of maternal mRNAs are two of the most critical events required for animal early embryonic development. However, the mechanisms regulating this process are still largely unknown. Here, we show that together with maternal mRNAs, C. elegans embryos inherit a complementary pool of small non-coding RNAs that facilitate the cleavage and removal of hundreds of maternal mRNAs. These antisense small RNAs are loaded into the maternal catalytically-active Argonaute CSR-1 and cleave complementary mRNAs no longer engaged in translation in somatic blastomeres. Induced depletion of CSR-1 specifically during embryonic development leads to embryonic lethality in a slicer-dependent manner and impairs the degradation of CSR-1 embryonic mRNA targets. Given the conservation of Argonaute catalytic activity, we propose that a similar mechanism operates to clear maternal mRNAs during the maternal-to-zygotic transition across species.
Neuropathy-causing TRPV4 mutations disrupt TRPV4-RhoA interactions and impair neurite extension
Authors: McCray Brett A. , Diehl Erika , Sullivan Jeremy M. , Aisenberg William H. , Zaccor Nicholas W. , Lau Alexander R. , Rich Dominick J. , Goretzki Benedikt , Hellmich Ute A. , Lloyd Thomas E. , Sumner Charlotte J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTRPV4 is a cell surface-expressed calcium-permeable cation channel that mediates cell-specific effects on cellular morphology and function. Dominant missense mutations of TRPV4 cause distinct, tissue-specific diseases, but the pathogenic mechanisms are unknown. Mutations causing peripheral neuropathy localize to the intracellular N-terminal domain whereas skeletal dysplasia mutations are in multiple domains. Using an unbiased screen, we identified the cytoskeletal remodeling GTPase RhoA as a TRPV4 interactor. TRPV4-RhoA binding occurs via the TRPV4 N-terminal domain, resulting in suppression of TRPV4 channel activity, inhibition of RhoA activation, and extension of neurites in vitro. Neuropathy but not skeletal dysplasia mutations disrupt TRPV4-RhoA binding and cytoskeletal outgrowth. However, inhibition of RhoA restores neurite length in vitro and in a fly model of TRPV4 neuropathy. Together these results identify RhoA as a critical mediator of TRPV4-induced cell structure changes and suggest that disruption of TRPV4-RhoA binding may contribute to tissue-specific toxicity of TRPV4 neuropathy mutations.
A chromosome-level genome of Astyanax mexicanus surface fish for comparing population-specific genetic differences contributing to trait evolution
Authors: Warren Wesley C. , Boggs Tyler E. , Borowsky Richard , Carlson Brian M. , Ferrufino Estephany , Gross Joshua B. , Hillier LaDeana , Hu Zhilian , Keene Alex C. , Kenzior Alexander , Kowalko Johanna E. , Tomlinson Chad , Kremitzki Milinn , Lemieux Madeleine E. , Graves-Lindsay Tina , McGaugh Suzanne E. , Miller Jeffrey T. , Mommersteeg Mathilda T. M. , Moran Rachel L. , Peuß Robert , Rice Edward S. , Riddle Misty R. , Sifuentes-Romero Itzel , Stanhope Bethany A. , Tabin Clifford J. , Thakur Sunishka , Yamamoto Yoshiyuki , Rohner Nicolas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIdentifying the genetic factors that underlie complex traits is central to understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of evolution. Cave-dwellingAstyanax mexicanuspopulations are well adapted to subterranean life and many populations appear to have evolved troglomorphic traits independently, while the surface-dwelling populations can be used as a proxy for the ancestral form. Here we present a high-resolution, chromosome-level surface fish genome, enabling the first genome-wide comparison between surface fish and cavefish populations. Using this resource, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analyses and found new candidate genes for eye loss such asdusp26. We used CRISPR gene editing inA. mexicanusto confirm the essential role of a gene within an eye size QTL,rx3, in eye formation. We also generated the first genome-wide evaluation of deletion variability across cavefish populations to gain insight into this potential source of cave adaptation. The surface fish genome reference now provides a more complete resource for comparative, functional and genetic studies of drastic trait differences within a species.
Emerging dominance of summer rainfall driving High Arctic terrestrial-aquatic connectivity
Authors: Beel C. R. , Heslop J. K. , Orwin J. F. , Pope M. A. , Schevers A. J. , Hung J. K. Y. , Lafrenière M. J. , Lamoureux S. F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHydrological transformations induced by climate warming are causing Arctic annual fluvial energy to shift from skewed (snowmelt-dominated) to multimodal (snowmelt- and rainfall-dominated) distributions. We integrated decade-long hydrometeorological and biogeochemical data from the High Arctic to show that shifts in the timing and magnitude of annual discharge patterns and stream power budgets are causing Arctic material transfer regimes to undergo fundamental changes. Increased late summer rainfall enhanced terrestrial-aquatic connectivity for dissolved and particulate material fluxes. Permafrost disturbances (<3% of the watersheds’ areal extent) reduced watershed-scale dissolved organic carbon export, offsetting concurrent increased export in undisturbed watersheds. To overcome the watersheds’ buffering capacity for transferring particulate material (30 ± 9 Watt), rainfall events had to increase by an order of magnitude, indicating the landscape is primed for accelerated geomorphological change when future rainfall magnitudes and consequent pluvial responses exceed the current buffering capacity of the terrestrial-aquatic continuum.
Worldwide continuous gap-filled MODIS land surface temperature dataset
Authors: Shiff Shilo , Helman David , Lensky Itamar M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSatellite land surface temperature (LST) is vital for climatological and environmental studies. However, LST datasets are not continuous in time and space mainly due to cloud cover. Here we combine LST with Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) modeled temperatures to derive a continuous gap filled global LST dataset at a spatial resolution of 1 km. Temporal Fourier analysis is used to derive the seasonality (climatology) on a pixel-by-pixel basis, for LST and CFSv2 temperatures. Gaps are filled by adding the CFSv2 temperature anomaly to climatological LST. The accuracy is evaluated in nine regions across the globe using cloud-free LST (mean values: R2 = 0.93, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) = 2.7 °C, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) = 2.1 °C). The provided dataset contains day, night, and daily mean LST for the Eastern Mediterranean. We provide a Google Earth Engine code and a web app that generates gap filled LST in any part of the world, alongside a pixel-based evaluation of the data in terms of MAE, RMSE and Pearson’s r.
Integrated genomic analysis reveals regulatory pathways and dynamic landscapes of the tRNA transcriptome
Authors: Sun Zefang , Tan Jia , Zhao Minqiong , Peng Qiyao , Zhou Mingqing , Zuo Shanru , Wu Feilong , Li Xueguang , Dong Yangyang , Xie Ming , Yang Yide , Zhou Junhua , Liu Xianghua , He Quanze , He Zuping , Yu Xing , He Quanyuan 
Published: March 2021

AbstracttRNAs and tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) play various roles in many cellular processes outside of protein synthesis. However, comprehensive investigations of tRNA/tRF regulation are rare. In this study, we used new algorithms to extensively analyze the publicly available data from 1332 ChIP-Seq and 42 small-RNA-Seq experiments in human cell lines and tissues to investigate the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms of tRNAs. We found that histone acetylation, cAMP, and pluripotency pathways play important roles in the regulation of the tRNA gene transcription in a cell-specific manner. Analysis of RNA-Seq data identified 950 high-confidence tRFs, and the results suggested that tRNA pools are dramatically distinct across the samples in terms of expression profiles and tRF composition. The mismatch analysis identified new potential modification sites and specific modification patterns in tRNA families. The results also show that RNA library preparation technologies have a considerable impact on tRNA profiling and need to be optimized in the future.
A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site
Authors: Baumann Chris , Pfrengle Saskia , Münzel Susanne C. , Molak Martyna , Feuerborn Tatiana R. , Breidenstein Abagail , Reiter Ella , Albrecht Gerd , Kind Claus-Joachim , Verjux Christian , Leduc Charlotte , Conard Nicholas J. , Drucker Dorothée G. , Giemsch Liane , Thalmann Olaf , Bocherens Hervé , Schuenemann Verena J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDogs are known to be the oldest animals domesticated by humans. Although many studies have examined wolf domestication, the geographic and temporal origin of this process is still being debated. To address this issue, our study sheds new light on the early stages of wolf domestication during the Magdalenian period (16–14 ka cal BP) in the Hegau Jura region (Southwestern Germany and Switzerland). By combining morphology, genetics, and isotopes, our multidisciplinary approach helps to evaluate alternate processes driving the early phases of domestication. The isotope analysis uncovered a restricted, lowδ15N protein diet for all analyzed Gnirshöhle specimens, while morphological examinations and phylogenetic relationships did not unequivocally assign them to one or the other canid lineage. Intriguingly, the newly generated mitochondrial canid genomes span the entire genetic diversity of modern dogs and wolves. Such high mitochondrial diversity could imply that Magdalenian people tamed and reared animals originating from different wolf lineages. We discuss our results in light of three ecological hypotheses and conclude that both domestication and the existence of a specialized wolf ecomorph are highly probable. However, due to their proximity to humans and a restricted diet, we propose domestication as the most likely scenario explaining the patterns observed herein.
Transfer learning for ECG classification
Authors: Weimann Kuba , Conrad Tim O. F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRemote monitoring devices, which can be worn or implanted, have enabled a more effective healthcare for patients with periodic heart arrhythmia due to their ability to constantly monitor heart activity. However, these devices record considerable amounts of electrocardiogram (ECG) data that needs to be interpreted by physicians. Therefore, there is a growing need to develop reliable methods for automatic ECG interpretation to assist the physicians. Here, we use deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) to classify raw ECG recordings. However, training CNNs for ECG classification often requires a large number of annotated samples, which are expensive to acquire. In this work, we tackle this problem by using transfer learning. First, we pretrain CNNs on the largest public data set of continuous raw ECG signals. Next, we finetune the networks on a small data set for classification of Atrial Fibrillation, which is the most common heart arrhythmia. We show that pretraining improves the performance of CNNs on the target task by up to $$6.57\%$$

6.57
%

, effectively reducing the number of annotations required to achieve the same performance as CNNs that are not pretrained. We investigate both supervised as well as unsupervised pretraining approaches, which we believe will increase in relevance, since they do not rely on the expensive ECG annotations. The code is available on GitHub at https://github.com/kweimann/ecg-transfer-learning.