bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal Morbidity Pattern among Infants Born to Diabetic Mothers at Jamhouria Hospital, Benghazi- Libya
Authors: Radwan Munera Awad , El Mansori Najia Abdelati , Elfergani Mufeda Ali , Halies Faiaz Ragab , Lawgali Mohanad Abdulhadi 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Diabetes has long been associated with maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The infant of a diabetic mother have higher risks for serious problems during pregnancy and at birth. Problems during pregnancy may include increased risks of abortions and stillbirths. Abnormal fetal metabolism during pregnancy complicated by maternal diabetes mellitus results in multiple neonatal sequallae, including abnormalities of growth, glucose and calcium metabolism, hematologic status, cardio- respiratory function, bilirubin metabolism, and congenital anomalies. The causes of the fetal and neonatal sequallae of maternal diabetes are Multifactorial. However, many of the perinatal complications can be traced to the effect of maternal glycemic control on the fetus & can be prevented by appropriate periconceptional & prenatal care.
Objective: to describe the morbidity pattern among infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) either gestational or preconception diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Jamhouria hospital/ neonatal ward & enrolled 120 consecutive infants born to diabetics mother either gestational or preconception diabetes mellitus over one year period.
Results: 120 babies were diagnosed as IDMs and were admitted to Neonatal intensive care unit, male, female, 74(60.8%) were gestational diabetes, and 46 (38.3%) with preconception diabetes, full term comprise 98 cases (81.6%) while premature were 22 cases (18.3%). For birth weight 20 case [16.7%} were low birth weight, macrosomia represent 16 case (13.3%).
Most common congenital anomalies was cardiac lesion 36 cases, for GDM 18 case =24.3% were PCDM 18 case around 40.0%.
Central nervous system 11 case (9.1%) all of them dilated ventricular system& only 2 of them need surgical intervention with shunt.
Gastrointestinal anomalies 4 cases {3.4%} 2 of them ectopic anus & 2 short bowel syndrome.
Most common metabolic disturbance was Hypocalcemia 17 case (14.1%), followed by hypoglycemia 11 case (9.1%), followed with hyper bilirubinemia 3 cases (2.5%)
Followed by Respiratory distress syndrome 26 case (21.6%), 17 case hyaline membrane disease (14.1%) ,transient tachypnea of neo born 9 cases (7.5%) , Birth trauma 3 cases Erb,s palsy one of them birth asphyxia.
Conclusion: Most common type of diabetes in pregnancy is gestational diabetes, and most common congenital anomalies is the cardiac lesion & the most common metabolic disturbance is the hypocalcemia. Macrosomia associated with large birth weight as well as birth trauma. Large for gestational age and hypoglycemia associated mainly with poor maternal glycemic control.
Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oils of Osteophloeum platyspermum (Myristicaceae) against Malassezia spp. and Candida albicans Influenced by Seasonality and Climatic Factors
Authors: S. Silva Jefferson , Brandão Victoria R. , Coutinho Selene D. A. , Paciencia Mateus L. B. , Frana Sergio A. , C. Díaz Ingrit E. , Suffredini Ivana B. 
Published: December 2021

Aims: Malassezia spp. are involved in a wide range of mammalian skin diseases. The introduction of new drugs is a need. Natural products are known to be effective in the treatment of microbial pathogens. The present study analyzed the O. platyspermum leaf essential oils (EOs) antifungal activity.
Study Design: 18 terpenes from 13 O. platyspermum leaf EOs are related to seasonal and climatic variations occurring during the dry (DS) and rainy (RS) seasons in the Amazon Rain-Forest, verified by means of multivariate analyses.
Place and Duration of the Study: the study was conducted at the Center for Research in Biodiversity (Microbiology Laboratory and Cell Culture Laboratory), Paulista University, biological activity evaluations occurred between January/2019 and December 2019).
Methodology: microdilution broth assay was used in the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Multivariate analyses were used to access the relationship among MBC, seasonality and terpene composition of the EOs.
Results: Malassezia pachydermatis showed higher sensitivity to the EOs than M. furfur or C. albicans. The DS EOs were linked to the presence of limonene, myrcene, α-terpineol, linalool, terpinen-4-ol, cubenol-1-epi, influenced by insolation, temperature and evaporation, while β-elemene, γ-elemene, neo-intermedeol, elemol, α-cadinol, spathulenol, isospathulenol, viridiflorol, δ-amorphene and ledol were linked to the RS EOs, and were influenced by precipitation, relative humidity and wind velocity. DS EOs showed better antifungal activity against both Malassezia species, and the presence of the six discriminative terpenes was essential for the antifungal activity.
Conclusions: The DS EOs are a potential source of new leads to defeat animal dermatological microbes.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) among Antenatal Clinic Attendees in Karu Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ndubuisi J. C. , Aisha Mohammed , Wariso Chris Akunneh , Ejiofor D. C. 
Published: December 2021

The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) among antenatal clinic attendees in Massaka, Karu Local Government Area of Nassarawa State, North Central Nigeria. Formal consent was obtained from the State Hospital Board to carry out the survey. The study which involved 200 pregnant women aged 18-45 years randomly selected using a systematic random sampling technique was conducted between the months of May-June was a cross sectional health facility-based study. Structured questionnaire was used to generate data from respondents, after which blood samples aseptically collected were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen. Socio-demographic characteristics as well as some of the factors that influence infection were evaluated. Results obtained from the study revealed a 6.5% prevalence rate of infection in the studied population. Prevalence of infection among the subjects within the age range of 35-45 years was lowest (5.8%). However, while it was 5.2% for the married, it was 6.6% for the unmarried. Prevalence of infection was higher among the category with no formal education. Similarly, prevalence was higher among the rural dwellers (6.8%) than their urban counterparts (5.6%). Factors examined were not statistically significant predisposing to HBV infection. In conclusion, the prevalence of HBsAg among ante-natal clinic attendees in Masaka was (6.5%) lower than the reported national prevalence (14.1%). Owing the outcome of this study, it is recommended that improved surveillance for HBV infection and screening of women attending ANC be instituted.
Effectiveness of Helmet Therapy in Infants with Positional Skull Deformity: A Literature Review
Authors: Shetty Nischitha U. , Rani P. Shilna , Kumar K. U. Dhanesh 
Published: December 2021

Background: Positional skull deformity usually manifests during first six months of life due to various factors like premature births or multiple births, improper positioning of infant’s head as the head of an infant is softer than the older children’s head, thus leading to either positional brachycephaly or positional plagiocephaly. Early helmet therapy intervention may improve the shape of the skull by reducing the risk of secondary cosmetic and nervous system complications.
Aim: To study the effectiveness of helmet therapy in infants with positional skull deformity.
Methods: The data source for this literature review is done by studying and reviewing articles through various data like Pub Med, Google Scholar, science direct, Elsevier and medicine Cochrane library.
Conclusion: Helmet therapy is contemplated to be effective in the treatment of mild-moderate-severe positional skull deformity than repositioning therapy by improving the structure of the misshaped skull, as well as the use of helmet therapy is reviewed not to hinder the head circumference growth in infants.
Effectiveness and Outcome of Early Weight Bearing in Ankle Fracture: A Systemic Review
Authors: Albaker Abdulmalik B. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Ankle fractures are claimed to affect 70-185 patients out of 100,000 people each year. There is currently no unanimity among surgeons throughout the world on early versus restricted weight bearing in surgically treated trauma patients with fractures. The aim of this study was to systematically review the effectiveness and outcome of early weight bearing in ankle fracture as well as quality of life and pain.
Methods: An electronic search was conducted of the databases EMBASE, PubMed, and The Cochrane Library, as well as Medline, Google Scholar to identify all articles related to the topic that have been published after 2006.
Results: Initially, 2434 records were identified. Due to similarity and duplication, 1308 records were eliminated, and 1126 records were kept. Following the screening of the records and their subjects, 921 further unconnected records were eliminated. Then, 205 qualified full-text articles were selected, and 10 articles were included in qualitative analysis.
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, surgical therapy, both aggressive and minimal, appears to be a safe alternative for the elderly. Short-term advantages of early weight-bearing include a decreased incidence of thromboembolic disease. Active movement reduces joint stiffness while maintaining muscle mass. Post-operative mobility, quality of life, and post-operative early weight bearing status are considered as significant outcome indicators. Unsafe weight as tolerated after ankle surgery might be a safe and encouraging option. As a result, future research should include this possibilities.
Overview on Gastrointestinal Foreign Bodies in Children
Authors: Fadl Ahmed Abdelsamie , Alhazmi Asma Awad M. , Alyami Tariq Mohammed , Alkhaldi Najla jaber , Alhamdan Abdulshaheed Salman , Alsaedi Waad  Musayid , M. Alaufi Yazeed Nashi , Almotiry Meshary Saud , Alanazi Ashwaq Laili , Alrashdi Hussain Hassan 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Greatest percentage of the upper gastro intestinal accidently swallowed foreign bodies in adults are related to food bolus impaction with meat. Most patients who swallow a true foreign body typically are younger, however young children were recorded to accidently swallow other objects rather than food poluses. Males are more often recorded, and often have significant psychiatric illness and/or drug abuse. Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a very common problem in children. FB may pass through gastrointestinal (GI) system silently without any indication, or it may need an intervention to prevent complications. The diagnosis, decision for involvement and management may have some difficulties, and it’s usually decided according to the case, especially in cases with protracted lodgment. Complications caused by lodgment of ingested GI FBs varies according to many factors and are associated with important morbidity and mortality in children.
Objectives: to show an overview of gastrointestinal foreign bodies in children, its epidemiology, risk factors, hazards and management.
Effect of Cellphone on Quality of Life among Medical Students; A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Khan Kiran , Rehman Ata ur , Pasha Ghazala Nasim , Fayyaz Syeda Laraib , Bhatti Muhammad Aslam , Mahmood Anum 
Published: December 2021

Aims: The aim of the current study is to find out the quality of life among the medical undergraduates who are addicted to cellphone use.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in private and public sector medical and dental colleges of Karachi from January 2019 to September 2019.
Methodology: The data had been collected through a set of questionnaire, which was pre-designed. Those students were included who were using smartphones for pleasure, communication or study purpose The data was entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. For numerical variables mean with standard deviation were calculated and for categorical variables frequency and percentages were calculated.
Results: The mean age of the students surveyed was found to be 21.2 ±1.82 years. Majority of our research candidates were addicted to cell phone use. It was noted that more than 6 hours’ screen time daily was 29.75% while very unfortunate observation of less than 1-hour screen time was found in 6.25% of study participants. About 38.25% of our participants although addicted to screens agreed that this addiction is causing them to ignore their important things like study or family. Cell phone addiction is worsening day by day as 37.5% medical students confessed that they feel stressed when they do not use cell phones. About 76.75% medical students despite of being addicted to screens, confessed that this is causing them different health and social problems which they feel should be removed just by giving lesser time to the applications.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the medical undergraduates who are addicted to their cellphones, having poor quality of life which is negatively affecting their health as well as their studies. There is a need to accept the problem and find out the best solution for it. Students should be aware of the effects of cellphone addiction on the quality of life.
Epidemiology, Evaluation and Management of Wilson Disease: Review Article
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Salah , Alshehri Turki Mohammed A. , Aloufi Nada Muidh , Saeed A. Alghamdi, Ibrahim , Abdulrahman S. Al zahrani, Adel , Alharbi Fahad Ayed , Alqerafi Ahmed Abdulaziz A. , M Alsarraj, Nawaf Faiq , Alem Manal Abdulrahman , Jamal Alotaibi. Saad 
Published: December 2021

Wilson disease (hepatolenticular degeneration) is a rare autosomal recessive ailment characterized by aberrant copper buildup in the body, with the brain, liver, and cornea being notably affected. Wilson illness is caused by a mutation in the ATP7B gene on chromosome 13, which regulates the protein transporter that excretes excess copper into the bile and out of the body. So far, over 500 mutations have been discovered. The most common treatment for WD is D-penicillamine (D-PCA). Patients with severe spasms, deformities, or dysphonia, as well as those who are allergic to D-PCA, should avoid it. Early Diagnosis is a key factor in saving patient’s live, and thus prober investigation should be done as soon as possible. Family screening is a must when a patient is diagnosed to role out any other patients in the family with the disease and because of the strong genetic factor impacting the disease. early detection is critical for initiating therapy in the early, asymptomatic stages of the disease, rather than when liver decompensation or extensive neurological irreversible harm has already occurred. In this circumstance, the optimum technique is to finish copper investigations in the index patient's first- and second-degree relatives. In the present article we’ll be discussing disease prevalence, etiology and more importantly diagnosis and management.
Glucokinase Gene Mutations in Subjects with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus from Gaza Strip
Authors: Alaqad Taher , Alzaharna Mazen , Ashour Mohammed , Sharif Fadel 
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study was conducted in order to evaluate the frequency of GCK gene mutations in exons 7, 8 & 9 in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and their relationship to some biochemical parameters as compared to healthy controls.
Methods: Samples were collected from 45 GDM women and 42 apparently healthy pregnant women. DNA was extracted and the samples were screened for GCK exons 7, 8 & 9 mutations at positions C.682A>G (p.Thr228Ala); C.895G>C (p.Gly299Arg) and C.1148C>A (p.Ser383X), respectively. The mutations were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methodology. Investigated biochemical features included: fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HbA1c, insulin and the lipid profile.
Results: The results showed that 9 out of the 45 (i.e., 20%) GDM subjects harbored the exon 8 (895G>C) mutation. Neither exon 7 (c.682A>G) nor exon 9 (c.1148C>A) was encountered in the study population. Moreover, the level of FBG, OGTT and HBA1c were higher in the c.895G>C mutation-positive subjects, as compared to mutation-negative ones.
Conclusions: The screening of GDM patients for GCK gene mutations allowed for the identification of glucokinase-deficient patients diagnosed as GDM. Therefore, molecular screening is important for the differential diagnosis of GDM and MODY2 and consequently, proper patient management.
Lifitegrast Ophthalmic Solution – A Review
Authors: Padmaja S. , Rao K. Lakshitha Niyatee 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: In this review article the safety and efficacy of of Lifitegrast™ in the management of dry eye disease is described.
Methods: Search was carried out using related search terms in data bases like pubmed and related articles were referred.
Result: A larger reduction in Eye dryness Score (EDS) was seen with Lifitegrast™.
Conclusion: Lifitegrast™ ophthalmic solution 5% provides a new option for the treatment of dry eyes.
A Comparative Study on Anti-inflammatory Activity of Hydroethanolic of Leaf, Stem and Root Extracts of Tecoma stans
Authors: Prateek . , Devi R. Gayatri , Selvaraj J. , Priya A. Jothi 
Published: December 2021

Background: Tecoma stans is an important medicinal plant. The major bioactive compounds like alkaloids, phenols, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids and saponins had been isolated from this plant. The leaves bark and roots contain biologically active chemicals, and extracts from those tissues are in use as traditional folk medicines. Inflammation is a biological response of the immune system that can be triggered by a variety of factors, including pathogens, damaged cells and toxic compounds. The aim of the study was to analyze the anti-inflammatory activity of hydroethanolic leaf, stem and root extracts of Tecoma stans.
Materials and methods: All chemicals and reagents were bought by sigma Chemicals Company. Anti inflammatory activity of the three different parts (leaf, stem and root) the plant were analysed by an in-vitro protein denaturation inhibition assays and inhibition calculation on protein inhibition percentage was done by the formula % inhibition=100−(A1 -A2)/A0 )*100). Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test.
Results: After comparing the anti-inflammatory activity of the leaf root stem of Tecoma stans, the results were plotted in graphs through statistical analysis using ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that the stem of the plant has maximum anti-inflammatory activity compared to leaf and root.
Conclusion: A comparative study of the extract or stem, leaf and root shows that the stem portion of the plant contains maximum anti-inflammatory activity.
Role of Surgical Intervention in Hereditary Spherocytosis with Haemolytic Anaemia, Splenomegaly and Jaundice
Authors: Kumar K. Senthil , Abinaya K. , Anantharamakrishnan R. , Pranay K. 
Published: December 2021

haemolytic anaemia, splenomegaly and jaundice, admitted in Chettinad hospital and research institute during one year period from January 2019 to January 2020. Surgical intervention is indicated for selected patients with hereditary spherocytosis with haemolytic anaemia and jaundice to abate the hemolytic process after correction of anaemia with blood transfusion. Pigmented gallstones are seen in more than 50% cases for which incidence increases with severity of hemolysis and with age. Complications include aplastic anemia (most common after parvovirus B19 infection), haemolytic crisis during inter-current infection, megaloblastic crisis – during folic acid deficiency, cardiomyopathy, hematological malignancies.
Internal Angular Dermoid Indenting on the Globe
Authors: Suman Suwarna , Rathod Hemant Uttamrao , Kumar Arushi , K. Pal Virendra 
Published: December 2021

Angular dermoid cysts are common periorbital tumours in children. They are tumours of embryonic origin that arise along bony sutures as a result of abnormal ectodermal sequestration during development. Angular dermoid cysts usually present in early childhood, are characteristically small benign and slow growing lesion. External angular dermoid present in the superotemporal quadrant is more common compared to internal angular dermoid in the superonasal quadrant. Early surgical excision is recommended and performed in the majority of cases, particularly to restore facial cosmesis.
Here we report an unusual case of a large internal angular dermoid cyst indenting the globe in a 3-year-old girl presented with left upper eyelid mass at medial angle since one year of age. The cyst was excised completely by anterior orbitotomy through a small superior lid crease incision.
Wearable Bioelectronics for Chronic Wound Management
Authors: Wang Canran , Shirzaei Sani Ehsan , Gao Wei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractChronic wounds are a major healthcare issue and can adversely affect the lives of millions of patients around the world. The current wound management strategies have limited clinical efficacy due to labor‐intensive lab analysis requirements, need for clinicians’ experiences, long‐term and frequent interventions, limiting therapeutic efficiency and applicability. The growing field of flexible bioelectronics enables a great potential for personalized wound care owing to its advantages such as wearability, low‐cost, and rapid and simple application. Herein, recent advances in the development of wearable bioelectronics for monitoring and management of chronic wounds are comprehensively reviewed. First, the design principles and the key features of bioelectronics that can adapt to the unique wound milieu features are introduced. Next, the current state of wound biosensors and on‐demand therapeutic systems are summarized and highlighted. Furthermore, the design criteria of the integrated closed loop devices are discussed. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges in wearable bioelectronics for wound care are discussed.
Triboelectric Nanogenerator Tattoos Enabled by Epidermal Electronic Technologies
Authors: Wong Tsz Hung , Liu Yiming , Li Jian , Yao Kuanming , Liu Sitong , Yiu Chun Ki , Huang Xingcan , Wu Mengge , Park Wooyoung , Zhou Jingkun , Nejad Sina Khazaee , Li Hu , Li Dengfeng , Xie Zhaoqian , Yu Xinge 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWith the high flexibility, good conformability and lightweight, the next‐generation energy harvesters could exist in the format of epidermal electronics. They are able to convert the mechanical energy from daily body motions into electrical signals for energy harvesting and human‐machine interfaces. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have proven to be excellent candidates for wearable energy harvesters, however, the reported TENGs commonly face the hurdles of poor adhesion to skin and relative thick in geometry up to several cm. Herein, a series of ultrathin, soft, tattoo‐like triboelectric nanogenerators (TL‐TENGs) with well‐designed aesthetic patterns are introduced. With the ultrathin materials applied and state of art processing techniques in epidermal electronics, the TL‐TENGs present an outstanding mechanical property of high robustness and thickness of tens of μm. Besides, TL‐TENGs own remarkable electrical characteristics, the open‐circuit voltage and short circuit current can reach up to ≈180 V and ≈2.2 μA under constant tapping (≈16 kPa), respectively. With the well structural mechanics designs, the TL‐TENGs can be customized into various tattoo patterns, such as twelve Chinese zodiac signs. Demonstrations of TL‐TENGs in energy harvesting and the human‐machine interface indicate great potential in next generation wearable nanogenerators and internet of things.