bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online survey on practice patterns in the treatment of corneal ulcer during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Raj Amit , Singh Prabhakar , Chaudhary Neha 
Published: September 2021

Purpose:
To evaluate practice patterns in the treatment of corneal ulcer by ophthalmologists during COVID-19 pandemic in the Indian subcontinent.

Methods:
This was an online questionnaire-based survey circulated via google form to reach ophthalmologists practising cornea as a subspeciality between January 4, 2021 and February 3, 2021. The survey comprised of 21 questions to evaluate the prevailing practice patterns in corneal ulcer management during pandemic.

Results:
In total, 39.3% of government ophthalmology clinics and 41.5% of private ophthalmology clinics reported an average delay of 2 weeks in presenting to the hospital after the onset of symptoms. Totally, 60.5% of participants reported that the clinical outcomes of infectious keratitis cases during the COVID-19 pandemic were worse than before. In total, 61.3 and 41.1% of ophthalmologists in private and government sectors, respectively, were routinely performing corneal scrapings for corneal ulcer patients. The procedures were performed with adequate protective measures. In total, 68.5% participants mentioned decreased availability of donor cornea during the pandemic, and 44.4% reported compromised cornea practice due to the limited availability of essentials (tissue adhesives, BCLs, medications, etc.). A statistically significant difference of effect of pandemic on cost of services was noted between government and private hospitals. In total, 51% participants from private hospitals reported hike in outpatient department services and surgical charges, and 78.6% from government hospitals mentioned no hike in the charges (P value <0.001).

Conclusion:
This study provides an overview on modified strategies in corneal ulcer management during pandemic without compromising patient safety and quality care.
Mycosis fungoides and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Youssef Randa , Hay Rania Abdel , Aboulghate Ahmed , Ibrahim Nahed , Hegazy Amira , Sayed Khadiga S. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Emerging evidence now suggests an association between Mycosis fungoides (MF) and metabolic risk factors.

Objective
To investigate a possible association between MF and metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Patients and methods
This study was designed as an observational, case-control study. It included thirty MF patients and 39 controls who were assessed for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high and low density lipoproteins, serum leptin level and insulin resistance.

Results
Our results revealed that serum leptin level (P=0.029), TG (P=0.004), cholesterol (P=0.001) and LDL (P=0.019), waist circumference in males (P<0.003), hypertension (P=0.039) and frequency of metabolic syndrome (P=0.042), are statistically significantly higher in MF patients than controls.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that patients with MF may be at higher risk for metabolic syndrome. Concurrently, screening for metabolic syndrome is recommended for all MF cases for early detection of cardiovascular risk.
Evaluation of phosphodiesterase 4 enzyme levels in lesional skin and serum of vitiligo patients
Authors: Nagui Noha , Gaballah Basma , Rashed Laila , Sany Iman 
Published: September 2021

Background
Vitiligo is the most commonly acquired depigmenting disorder. It has a negative psychological impact on affected individuals. The pathogenesis of vitiligo is complex and not yet fully revealed. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors are widely used in many medical diseases and dermatological conditions, for example, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Recently, a case report showed that Apremilast (PDE4 inhibitor) resulted in significant repigmentation in a female patient with recalcitrant vitiligo.

Objective
To evaluate PDE4 levels in the tissues and serum of vitiligo patients and to compare them to the levels of controls to assess its role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Patients and methods
In this case-control study, skin biopsies of vitiliginous lesions and blood samples were taken from 20 vitiligo patients and 20 controls. The PDE4 enzyme level was measured in both skin and serum samples.

Results
PDE4 enzyme levels in both the skin and serum of vitiligo patients were significantly higher than those in controls. PDE4 enzyme tissue levels were significantly higher than serum levels of both groups (patients and controls). A significant positive correlation was found between PDE4 tissue and serum levels of vitiligo patients.

Conclusion
High PDE4 levels in tissue and serum of vitiligo patients compared with controls suggest that it may contribute to the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Hence, PDE4 inhibitors may be a promising therapeutic modality of this disease.
Chronic telogen effluvium in women
Authors: Alizadeh Narges , Rafiei Rana , Darjani Abbas , Eftekhari Hojat , Nejad Kaveh Gharaei , Rafiei Elahe , Vishkaei Maryam Sadegh 
Published: September 2021

Background
Chronic telogen effluvium (CTE) is a form of diffuse hair loss in middle-aged women in whom telogen hair loss continues more than 6 months without obvious etiology. Disturbance in growth hair cycle may result in increased hairs in the telogen phase. Micronutrient deficiency, such as iron, zinc, and vitamin D, has been incriminated in acute telogen effluvium but its role in chronic phases is challenging.

Objective
To measure the levels of serum ferritin, zinc, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OH vitamin D) in females with CTE and controls to verify their role in hair-loss pathogenesis.

Patients and methods
A case–control study was conducted on 166 female participants: 83 patients with CTE and 83 age-matched healthy controls. Blood samples were taken from all participants for evaluation of serum ferritin, zinc, and 25OH vitamin D levels. Ferritin and 25OH vitamin D levels were measured with chemiluminescence method and zinc level was measured with colorimetric method. The study was done during 6 months (autumn and winter).

Results
There was no significant difference in serum ferritin, zinc, and 25OH vitamin D levels in two groups. The median of ferritin level was suboptimal in both groups (≤40 μg/l). Interestingly, zinc and 25OH vitamin D levels in healthy participants were lower than patients with CTE, but with considering the significance level of 0.01, this difference was not significant. The frequency of suboptimal levels of ferritin, 25OH vitamin D, and zinc was not significantly different in two groups.

Conclusion
We found no significant difference in ferritin, 25OH vitamin D, and zinc levels in two groups, but the role of these micronutrients in CTE could not be ignored. It seems that suboptimal levels of ferritin and 25OH vitamin D in women are common and may have led this non significant difference.
The role of high-resolution computerized tomography as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation and planning of management of patients with chronic otitis media
Authors: Mitra Monali , Thakare Priti Ashok , Monteiro Berton Craig , Amle Dnyanesh B. 
Published: September 2021

Context:
Chronic otitis media (COM), a major cause of hearing impairment and its associated morbidity and mortality can be avoided with proper diagnosis and planned management. High-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) is accessible and possesses role in the detection of COM.

Aims:
This study aims to evaluate the role of HRCT as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation and planning of management of patients with COM.

Settings and Design:
Prospective observational study.

Subjects and Methods:
The study included 100 subjects presenting with COM planned for detailed otorhinolaryngological and otoscopic examination, pure tone audiomentry, non-contrast HRCT of bilateral temporal bones and were exposed to initial medical management of symptoms and surgical management. Statistical
Analysis
Used: Data were expressed as percentage and mean ± standard deviation Kolmogorov–Smirnov analysis was performed for checking linearity of the data. Fischer's exact test or Chi-square test was used to analyze the significance of the difference between frequency distribution of the data.

Results:
For soft tissue attenuation, HRCT was 100% sensitive and specific for the presence of soft tissue mass. HRCT found to be 100% accurate in predicting cholesteatoma presence and was found to be sensitive in the range of 83.3%–100% and specific in range 87.04%–100%. For bony erosion, HRCT was found to be fairly accurate. These comparisons were found to be highly significant with P< 0.0001.

Conclusions:
HRCT of the temporal bone in subjects with COM can be a gold standard tool for diagnosis, surgical interventions, and follow-up.
Satisfaction of pharmacy students with e-learning approach in the University of Health Sciences Casablanca, Morocco during COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Slimani Lamia , Hammidi Layla , Jhilal Fayssal , Nejjari Chakib , Ahid Samir 
Published: September 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the satisfaction of pharmacy students with e-learning during the COVID-19 lockdown.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Pharmacy School of Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences of Casablanca in April 2020. An anonymous questionnaire previously validated by the pedagogical committee of the university was administered to students via google forms.
Results: A total of 154 responses were received, 122 (79.22%) were female students. The majority of students were satisfied with the general organisation (between 60.4% and 81.8% depending on the studied parameter), e-learning (63.6%), educational content (between 61% and 85.7% depending on the studied parameter), self-assessment methods (between 64.9% and 84.4% depending on the studied parameter), adaptation (63%), the involvement of teachers (83.8%), and the administration of the faculty (75.9%). Multivariate analysis showed that two factors were significantly associated with student satisfaction related to e-learning in this study. This corresponds to the level of study (p-value = 0.026; OR=4.009; IC95% [1.176-13.663]) and the adaptation (p-value = 0.004; OR=3.671; IC95% [1.519-8.868]). This study found that satisfaction levels were higher among third year students, which could be interpreted by the fact that they were more familiar with e-learning.
Conclusion: Students were mostly satisfied with e-learning during the lockdown. The experience from this study showed an advantage for other schools by the partial introduction of e-learning training as a teaching method in normal situations in order to better deal with emergency situations.
Estudo comparativo entre transmissões automotivas automáticas e manuais
Authors: Soares Caik Gabriel Cavalcante , Del Pino Gilberto Garcia , Bezazi Abderrezak , Lopes Arlindo Pires , Torres Aristides Rivera , Kieling Antônio Claudio , Do Santos Marcos Dantas , Llerena Gabriel Federico Rivero 
Published: September 2021

O mercado automobilístico vem intensificando a criação e a aplicação de novas tecnologias veiculares. Nesse sentindo, entre os elementos que sofreram notável evolução, destacam-se as transmissões automotivas, que são objetos fundamentais na dinâmica veicular, pois contribuem para o deslocamento do automóvel e, além disso, são ofertadas no mercado nas mais diversas variações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar uma análise técnica comparativa entre os principais modelos de transmissões presentes no mercado: automática e manual. Primeiramente, foi realizada uma comparação em relação à parte mecânica estudando os principais cálculos associados ao desempenho de modelos equipados com esses mecanismos e foi realizada uma análise econômica. Os resultados mostram um relacionamento de aspectos que englobam desempenho, manutenção e consumo entre esses componentes com bons resultados.

The automobile market has been intensifying the creation and application of new vehicle technologies. In this sense, among the elements that have undergone notable evolution, automotive transmissions stand out, which are fundamental objects in vehicle dynamics, as they contribute to the displacement of the automobile and, in addition, are offered in the market in the most diverse variations. The objective of this work was to elaborate a comparative technical analysis between the main transmission models present in the market: automatic and manual. First, a comparison in relation to the mechanical part was carried out, studying the main calculations associated with the performance of models equipped with these mechanisms, and an economic analysis was carried out. The results show a relationship of aspects that encompass performance, maintenance and consumption between these components with good results.
IMAGENS DO PASSADO, DA MEMÓRIA, DA CIDADE – SARTRE E FREUD DO ESCRITOR CATARINENSE SALIM MIGUEL
Authors: Kremer Natan Schmitz , Vaz Alexandre Fernandez 
Published: September 2021

Tomando como chave de análise o passado, a memória e a cidade, buscamos discutir a afirmada influência de Sartre na trilogia Velhice, contos do livro de estreia de Salim Miguel, Velhice e Outros Contos (1951), publicado pela série editorial Edições Sul, impresso vinculado a Revista Sul, experimento modernista que se desenvolveu em Florianópolis entre 1948 e 1957. Na leitura dos contos percebemos uma cisão entre público e privado, o primeiro como lugar da angústia, aquele pertencente aos personagens, o segundo como da liberdade, aquele frequentado pelo narrador. Comparando a outros contos do compilado, observamos uma leitura pelo verso do Existencialismo, sem atinar à busca pelo lugar do ser, construindo sua estética sobre uma pergunta pela esfera urbana da cidade moderna; neste caso, o lugar do privado seria uma expressão do desajustamento dos “velhos”, nascidos ainda no século XIX, em detrimento de uma cidade cuja modernização é efervescente. Coloca-se em jogo uma educação dos sentidos na cidade, antes do que se poderia chamar de educação sentimental. No movimento, os contos de Salim Miguel parecem se aproximar mais de questões que envolvem a psicanálise de Freud e a literatura urbana, amalgamando a formação de uma esfera subjetiva moderna na Florianópolis de meados do século XX.
MEMÓRIA, HISTÓRIA E LITERATURA: ESTRATÉGIAS DE CONSTRUÇÃO FICCIONAL E MANUTENÇÃO DA(S) IDENTIDADE(S) NEGRA(S) EM DUAS NARRATIVAS DA LITERATURA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Santos James Rios De Oliveira , Do Vale Rosiney Aparedecida Lopes 
Published: September 2021

Este artigo objetiva compreender o papel da Memória e da História como estratégias de construção ficcional e como meios de manutenção da(s) identidade(s) dos personagens negros/as que compõem o plano diegético da narrativa infantojuvenil Sortes de Villamor, de Nilma Lacerda, e do conto “Negrinha”, de Monteiro Lobato. Ademais, verifica-se, neste trabalho, o modo como a literatura constitui-se e oferece-se como importante instrumento para a transmissão da cultura afro-brasileira, permitindo que a memória coletiva desse povo seja salvaguardado por intermédio desse veículo de comunicação discursiva. Constitui o escopo teórico desta discussão, Michael Pollak (1992), Maurice Halbwachs (1990), Gregory Rabassa (1965), Regina Dalcastagnè (2008) dentre outros estudiosos que se debruçam sobre o assunto.
Análisis de mercado para la inserción internacional de Constelaciones Dedicadas de Satélites (DSC): El caso de Satellogic
Authors: Lattenero María Antonella 
Published: September 2021

El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es realizar un estudio de mercado para la promoción del servicio satelital comercializado por la empresa Satellogic. El mismo, se trata de un servicio de imágenes satelitales llamado Dedicated Satellite Constellations, (DSC, por sus siglas en inglés), que esencialmente es un servicio que permite a gobiernos poner en marcha su propio programa de observación de la Tierra por una fracción del valor que costaría comprar un solo satélite, obteniendo el control exclusivo de su propia capacidad de recolección de datos sobre áreas designadas de interés.
La muestra de estudio fue tomada en base a los países que han hecho pública la inversión gubernamental en la industria espacial, comprendiendo un total de sesenta y tres países alrededor del mundo. Este conjunto de países ha sido analizado de forma individual y por bloques, siguiendo un marco común de análisis utilizando parámetros de estudios diseñados para medir el potencial de penetración de los mercados por medio de mapas de temperatura y análisis de clúster. De esta forma, el resultado obtenido es la identificación de los mercados a abordar comercialmente en el corto y mediano plazo.
Desglobalización: ¿Un camino en marcha?
Authors: Pronato José Alfredo 
Published: September 2021

El Comercio Internacional siempre fue eje de controversia, la teoría económica desde sus inicios plantea diferentes formas sobre su funcionamiento, en los cuales ha tenidos momentos de auge y de achicamiento. El concepto de globalización siempre trajo adoradores y retractores. Hoy en día, a partir de la llegada del Coronavirus vuelven a surgir críticas sobre su forma de desarrollo y expansión.
Las medidas dispuestas tanto por Estados Unidas y Europa, bajo el lema del cuidado de la salud, la solvencia alimentaria y sanitaria, determinan la aceleración de posturas proteccionistas que permiten pensar en un resurgir de ciertas formas de producción de manera local. Entonces, ¿La producción volverá a ser local?, por supuesto que no. Hoy en día es imposible que se revierta todo lo hecho en los últimos 40 años. Pero la tecnología, la automatización, robótica e inteligencia artificial van a modelizar la forma de producción de los próximos años. Entonces, si bien no estamos ante una desglobalización, nos encontramos en una economía mundial más regionalizada, organizada en polos productivos existentes.
Ethical consumer practices of senior high school students of selected public and private schools in District 1 Tondo Manila
Authors: Gonzales Maerilyn A. 
Published: September 2021

This study was conducted to assess the ethical consumer practices of selected public and private senior high school of district 1 Tondo, Manila in terms of ecological consciousness and social consciousness. After assessing this, a proposed strategic learning plan for applied economics subject was formulated. This study used purposive sampling in the selection of schools participants, while convenience sampling for students as respondents in gathering data and information needed for the study and collecting data among the selected senior high schools in district 1 Tondo, Manila. In the construction of the questionnaire, the researcher adopts and translate a validated research instrument with the permission of the original owner. The researcher sought the assistance among experts and master teachers coming from different schools to check tagalog translation and validation of the research instrument. Letter of request sent to the division’s office and principal of the school for the administration of the survey. The researcher personally administered the questionnaire to avoid problems that may occur. This study found out that students seldom practiced ethical consumer practices in public senior high school while students from private senior high school sometimes practice ethical consumer practices in terms of ecological consciousness and social consciousness. It is evidently implied with their answers in the survey. Through T-test of independent means, it was revealed that there is a significant difference on the assessment between the public and private senior high school students in ethical consumer practices because the assessment showed the extensiveness of the difference in terms of ecological consciousness and social consciousness of both public and private schools students. Furthermore, they need to strengthen their practices. A proposed strategic learning plan for applied economics subject specifically in consumption topic was formulated based from the findings of the study.
Passive seismic experiment “AniMaLS” in the Polish Sudetes (NE Variscides)
Authors: Bociarska Monika , Rewers Julia , Wójcik Dariusz , Materkowska Weronika , Środa Piotr ,   the AniMaLS Working Group
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The paper presents information about the seismic
experiment “AniMaLS” which aims to provide a new insight into the crust and
upper mantle structure beneath the Polish Sudetes (NE margin of the Variscan
orogen). The seismic network composed of 23 temporary broadband stations was
operated continuously for about 2 years (October 2017 to October 2019).
The dataset was complemented by records from eight permanent stations located in
the study area and in the vicinity. The stations were deployed with an
inter-station spacing of approximately 25–30 km. As a result, recordings of
local, regional and teleseismic events were obtained. We describe the aims
and motivation of the project, the station deployment procedure, as well as
the characteristics of the temporary seismic network and of the permanent
stations. Furthermore, this paper includes a description of important issues
like data transmission setup, status monitoring systems, data quality
control, near-surface geological structure beneath stations and related site
effects, etc. Special attention was paid to verification of correct
orientation of the sensors. The obtained dataset will be analysed using
several seismic interpretation methods, including analysis of seismic
anisotropy parameters, with the objective of extending knowledge about the
lithospheric and sublithospheric structure and the tectonic evolution of
the study area.
Development of nutritional meals and gruels from blends of pro-vitamin a cassava grits and African yam
Authors: Olodude Ololade  Abosede , Abioye Victoria Funmilayo , Iranloye Yetunde Mary 
Published: September 2021

The potentials of underutilized African yam bean (AYB) and pro-vitamin A cassava in the development of nutritious food products with acceptable sensory properties were studied. Grits were produced from freshly harvested yellow root pro-vitamin A cassava by peeling, washing, cutting, soaking, dewatering, roasting, sieving, and milling to obtain yellow root cassava grits while AYB flour was obtained by cleaning, roasting, dehulling, milling, and sieving (425 µm). A simple lattice design was used to obtain formulations of blends (100:0; 90:10; 80:20; 70:30; 60:40 and 0:100) of yellow root cassava grits and AYB flour. Gruels were prepared from these formulations using 4:5 w/v in boiling water while meals were prepared using 1:1 w/v of blend in boiling water for 5 min. Moisture, fat, ash, protein, crude fibre, carbohydrate, β-carotene and calorific content of the blends were in the ranges of 4.66 – 7.92%, 2.20 – 2.82%, 2.16 – 2.66%, 2.72 – 20.43%, 1.15 – 1.40%, 68.65 – 83.23%, 1.33 to 3.97 μg/g and 348.37 – 358.96 kcal/100 g, respectively. Saponin, tannin, trypsin inhibitor, hemagglutinin, starchyose, raffinose, phytate and Hydrogen Cyanide ranged from 0.039 – 0.087%, 0.11 – 0.15%, 1.24 – 3.15 mg/g, 1.47 – 3.49 mg/100 g, 1.51 – 1.81%, 0.38 – 0.45%, 0.82 – 2.69 mg/g, 0.07 – 4.47 mg/kg, respectively. The sensory evaluation revealed that the meal and the gruel samples had acceptable sensory attributes. The developed products have the potentials in alleviating the problem of protein malnutrition in developing countries.