bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural, Dielectric and Electrical Properties of Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion Technic of CuFeCr0.5Ni0.5O4 Ferrite
Authors: Rejeiba Omar , Hcini Fakher , Nasri Maria , Alzahrani Bandar , Bouazizi Mohamed Lamjed , Hlil E. K. , Khelifi Jabeur , Khirouni Kamel , Dhahri Essebti 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The CuFeCr0.5Ni0.5O4 (CFO) compound was synthesized using sol-gel reaction combustion technic. The structural analysis showed that the obtained composites have a polycrystalline nature and the cubic spinel structure ( space group). Microstructural analysis revealed the formation of spherical and elongated grains of our sample. The dielectric and electrical transport properties of CuFeCr0.5Ni0.5O4 were investigated in detail by Ac impedance spectroscopy in a wide range of temperature (200 K-400 K) and frequency (100Hz to100KHz). Our results show that the electrical modulus and impedance studies confirm the presence of a relaxation phenomenon with non-Debye type in the prepared sample. The activation energy Edc estimated from the slope of the linear fit plot is equal to 0.158 eV with frequency of 100Hz and 0.126 eV with frequency of 1MHz at temperature range 200K-400K. Close activation energies values were found from analyzes of relaxation time and dc-conductivity indicating that the relaxation and the conduction processes may be attributed to the presence of free carrier charges and impurities at the grain boundaries. The conduction process for samples is described by the NSPT model. The complex impedance analyses and modulus formalism confirm a grain and grain boundary mechanism contributing to the dielectric properties. The real and the imaginary parts of the impedance are well ﬁtted to equivalent electrical circuit (Rg+ Rgb//CPEgb) was used for modeling the Nyquist data.
Antibiotics in the Medical and Surgical Treatment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis. What Regimen is the Best? - A Systematic Review
Authors: Gill Ester Maria , Jung Kristine , Qvist Niels , Ellebæk Mark 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this review was to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs to evaluate the existing knowledge on antibiotic treatment effect for infants with Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC). Objective: Identifying 1) the best antibiotic regimen to avoid progression or surgery in infants with NEC 2) the best antibiotic regimen for infants operated for stage III NEC. Methods: Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane were searched systematically for human studies using antibiotics for patients with NEC. Eligible studies had patients with NEC Bells stage II and III. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two authors. RoB2 and ROBINS-I were used where appropriate. Results: 5 studies were included, 2 RCT and 3 n-RCT. Four regimens were investigated. Three used a combination of ampicillin + gentamycin (or similar) with an addition of 1) clindamycin 2) metronidazole or 3) enteral gentamycin. One studied investigated cefotaxime + vancomycin. None of the included studies had a specific regimen for stage III infants undergoing surgery. Conclusions: A GRADE evaluation was not possible because of large heterogeneity. For now, there is not sufficient evidence to make a general recommendation on which antibiotic regimen is the most effective for infants with NEC stage II and III.
Impact of Farmers Training Centers Based Training on Major Crops Productivity and Households Welfare: the case of Gurage Zone, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Sherka Tsegamariam Dula 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of Farmers Training Centers Based Training on Major Crops Productivity and Households Welfare in southern Ethiopia. To select the respondent households applied a multi-stage stratifying sampling method. First, 3 districts Were selected purposively. Then, 3 Rural Kebeles from Fully functional Farmers Training Centers and 2 Rural Kebeles from non-functional Farmers Training Centers Were randomly selected. In the third stage, a total of 360 sample household heads (151) modular training graduates and 209 non-graduates) were selected. The interview schedule, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews were data collection tools. The result indicates the frequency of extension contact and farmers Confidence in extension service significantly affects both trained and not trained farmer’s crop productivity. I find that trained farmers have 124.27% more net cereal crop income per cultivated land size as compared to the counterfactual scenario of non-trained. I find that it increases the consumption expenditure per adult equivalent of trained farmers by about 204.83% compared to the counterfactual scenario of non-trained. The constraint which is considered by the respondents as a first-rank and important constraint was the fence problem which accounts for 21.63% of the total respondents. Farmer training center-based modular training could be considered as a key pathway that contributes to the improvement of agricultural production and Welfare of the rural community. The output of this study will give concrete information on intervention strategies to enhance the role of FTC-based training intervention strategies to improve farmers’ livelihood in surrounding rural areas.
Combination of Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab for Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney with Bone Metastases: The First Case Report
Authors: Furubayashi Nobuki , Negishi Takahito , Taguchi Kenichi , Miura Akihiro , Sato Yoshiaki , Nakamura Motonobu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and generally considered a low-grade renal epithelial neoplasm composed of tubules, spindle cells, and extracellular mucin. MTSCC with distant metastases has been reported, with some cases showing a poor prognosis. While only a few case reports regarding the treatment of metastatic MTSCC have been reported, targeted agents and monotherapy of immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown some efficacy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of metastatic MTSCC of the kidney treated with combination therapy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab.Case presentation: A 26-year-old man consulted our hospital after a 72-mm tumor was detected at the upper pole of the left kidney with multiple osteolytic bone metastases by computed tomography (CT). A CT-guided biopsy of the renal tumor and bone metastases resulted in a diagnosis of MTSCC of the kidney with bone metastases (cT2aN0M1) and an ‘intermediate risk’ according to the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium criteria. He therefore received combination therapy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy. After 4 cycles of combination nivolumab plus ipilimumab and 9 cycles of nivolumab monotherapy, he underwent cytoreductive nephrectomy because the tumor had shrunk, and sclerotic changes in the bone metastases were noted. In the excised specimen, the programmed cell death ligand 1 expression was higher in the spindle components than in the tubular components, but CD4- and CD8-positve T cells showed greater infiltration in the tubular components than in the spindle components. Furthermore, CD-4- and CD-8-positive T cells in both components of the resected specimen showed greater infiltration than they had at the pretreatment biopsy of the renal tumor and bone metastases.Conclusions: Combination immunotherapy of nivolumab and ipilimumab may be an effective treatment option for metastatic MTSCC of the kidney.
Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Associated With Coronavirus Disease: A Single Institutional Study In Tokyo
Authors: Banno Aya , Hifumi Toru , Takahashi Yuta , Soh Mitsuhito , Sakaguchi Ayako , Shimano Shodai , Miyahara Yoshie , Isokawa Shutaro , Ishii Kenji , Aoki Kazuhiro , Otani Norio , Ishimatsu Shinichi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The occurrence of post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the physical, mental, and cognitive components of PICS in intensive care unit (ICU)-treated COVID-19 survivors.Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled patients with COVID-19 who were treated in the ICU of a single institution between March 19, 2020 and April 30, 2020. A survey was sent by postal mail at 4 and 6 months after ICU discharge. The questionnaire comprised the post-COVID-19 functional status (PCFS) scale and the modified medical research council dyspnea scale (mMRC) for assessing physical PICS; the impact of event scale-revised (IES-R) and the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) for assessing mental PICS; and self-assessment questions for concentration, memory, and forgetfulness for assessing cognitive PICS. Physical PICS was defined by a PCFS or mMRC score ≥1. Mental PICS was defined by an IES-R score ≥25 or if the HADS score for anxiety or depression components was ≥8. Cognitive PICS was defined according to patient complaints of deterioration in concentration, memory, or forgetfulness. The primary outcome was PICS occurrence at 4 months. Moreover, we assessed the co-occurrence of the three PICS components.Results: Twenty patients consented to participate in the study and responded to the survey. The median age was 57.5 years, and 80% of the patients were male; moreover, 50%, 55%, and 80% lived alone, were married, and were employed/self-employed before hospitalization, respectively. During ICU stay, 80%, 75%, and 25% received invasive mechanical ventilation, systemic steroids, and continuous benzodiazepine, respectively. Delirium occurred in 40% of patients. The median days of ICU and hospital stay were 6 and 21, respectively. Physical, mental, and cognitive PICS occurred in 14 (78%), 9 (45%), and 11 (55%) patients, respectively. There were 16 (80%) and 8 (40%) patients with at least one and all PICS components, respectively.Conclusions: Our findings revealed a high rate of PICS in COVID-19 survivors. Long-term and comprehensive evaluation of all three PICS components is crucial for providing appropriate care to these patients.
Level of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies after two doses CoronaVac vaccine: Primarily report
Authors: Binay Umut , Karakeçili Faruk , Barkay Orçun , Gül Özlem , Mertoğlu Cuma 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: It is necessary to use an effective vaccine to end the COVID-19 pandemic. CoronaVac vaccine is used in our country and we aimed to examine the level of antibody development after the second dose.Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional research. The data of the people, who applied to a university hospital between January and March 2021, were analyzed. Those who had SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM measurement in the previous two weeks before the CoronoVac vaccine, and those who were both found negative and who had SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM measurement after the second dose of CoronaVac vaccine were included in the research. SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM were measured by VIDAS® (BioMérieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France) device for the detection of spike protein specific IgG/IgM of SARS-CoV-2 in human serum with ELFA (Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay) technique.Results: 75 people were included in this research. It was found that the individuals had SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM measurements between 14 and 21 days after the first dose of CoronaVac vaccine. It was observed that 12% (n = 9) of the cases had a history of COVID-19. The rate of positivity for SARS CoV-2 IgG level after vaccination was 100%.Conclusions: It can be said that two doses of CoronaVac vaccine create an effective humoral immunity.
Integrated Analysis of the Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of IDH Wild-Type Gliomas in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas
Authors: Wang Peng , Liu Yanwei , Zhi Lin , Qiu Xiaoguang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose:

Current studies and guidelines suggest that the biobehavior of IDH-wild type (IDH-wt) lower-grade glioma (LGG, WHO II-III) is similar to IDH-wt glioblastoma (GBM). However, differences in their clinical and molecular characteristics have not been reported. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and genetic information of gliomas with IDH-wt.
Methods:

Four hundred patients with IDH-wt were enrolled in the study (LGG = 176, GBM = 224), and their clinical and genetic information was collected from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). We conducted an analysis of this information between the two groups of patients and drew conclusions thereof.
Results:

The median age of the LGG patients was 42 (40–47) years, while that of the GBM patients was 51 (47–53) years (P < 0.05). GBM patients were more likely to undergo total resection (P < 0.05) and had fewer epileptic seizure symptoms (P < 0.01). The median overall survival (OS) was 51.87 months for the LGG patients and only 14.5 months for the GBM patients (P < 0.01). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 37.6 months for the LGG patients and only 9.3 months for the GBM patients (P < 0.01). LGG patients were more prone to PETN mutations (P < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes in LGG patients were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways and pathways in cancer and in the function of signal transduction and positive regulation of GTPase activity, while in GBM patients, they were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and in the functions of apoptotic process and oxidation-reduction process.
Conclusions:

Our data indicate that these two groups of patients should be re-evaluated and treated differently, despite both having IDH wild type.
Numerical Simulation of Unstable Rock Failure Mechanisms Through Analysis of Energy Transformations
Authors: Kaunda Rennie , Wang Fei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
For rock specimen in uniaxial compression, the energy transformations from elastic strain energy in both the rock and the loading system to plastic strain work in the rock can be identified with the changes in these energy components, whose rates are also useful indicators for distinguishing stable and unstable rock failure. In this study, the influences of the loading system stiffness (LSS), the rock stiffness and the rock brittleness on rock failure modes are examined. The observed energy transformations during rock failure in numerical models are interpreted from an energy perspective. The results show that unstable rock failure tends to occur in rock with large brittleness and small stiffness under a soft loading system. A low LSS and rock stiffness will increase the magnitude of stored elastic strain energy before rock failure, while a brittle rock requires less elastic strain energy to be converted plastic strain work than a ductile rock during its failure. This energy-based approach is useful for investigating potential unstable rock failures that could ultimately be applied to analyze complex mine-scale rockburst cases.
Failure Behavior of F Shape Non-Persistent Joint under Experimental and Numerical Uniaxial Compression Test
Authors: sarfarazi vahab , asgari kaveh , zarei meisam 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Experimental and discrete element approaches were used to examine the effects of F shape non-persistent joints on the failure behaviour of concrete under uniaxial compressive test. concrete specimens with dimensions of 200 mm×200 mm×50 mm were provided. Within the specimen, F shape non-persistent joint consisting three joints were provided. The large joint length was 6 cm, and the length of two small joints were 2cm. Vertical distance betwenn two small joints change from 1.5 cm to 4.5 cm with increment of 1.5 cm. In constant joint lengths, the angle of large joint change from 0 to 90 with increments of 30. Totally 12 different models were tested under compression test. The axial load rate on the model was 0.05 mm/min. Cuncurrent with experimental tests, numerical simulation (Particle flow code in two dimension) were performed on the models containing F shape non-persistent joint. Distance between small joints and joint angles were similar to experimental one. the results indicated that the failure process was mostly governed by both of the Distance between small joints and joint angles. The compressive strengths of the samples were related to the fracture pattern and failure mechanism of the discontinuities. Furthermore it was shown that the compressive behaviour of discontinuities is related to the number of the induced tensile cracks which are increased by increasing the joint angle. In the first There were only a few AE hits in the initial stage of loading, then AE hits rapidly grow before the applied stress reached its peak. Furthermore, a large number of AE hits accompanied every stress drop. Finally, the failure pattern and failure strength are similar in both approaches i.e. the experimental testing and the numerical simulation approaches.
Hydrogenation of Polyaromatic Compounds Over NiCo/chrysotile Catalyst
Authors: Baikenov Murzabek , Aitbekova Darzhan , Kim Sergey , Ma Feng Yung , Balpanova Nazerke , Tusipkhan Almas , Baikenova Gulzhan , Aubakirov Yermek , Brodskiy Alexandr , Makenov Daulet 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The activity and selectivity of the NiCo/chrysotile catalyst during the hydrogenation of model objects (anthracene and phenanthrene) for 1 hour at an initial hydrogen pressure of 3 MPa and a temperature of 400 °C were studied. The catalyst is characterized by a complex of methods of physical and chemical analysis. The chrysotile mineral used as a substrate consists of nanotubes with an inner diameter of about 10 nm and an outer diameter of about 60 nm. When a catalyst is prepared by wet mixing, chrysotile nanotubes can be filled with nickel and cobalt ions from solutions of the corresponding salts. The selectivity of the catalyst in hydrogenation was shown. The yields of the products of hydrogenation and degradation of anthracene are 62% and 15%, respectively. The yields of products of hydrogenation and destruction of phenanthrene are 26% and 2.5%, respectively. According to the results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of hydrogenates, the schemes of the hydrogenation reaction of model objects were drawn up.
Low-intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Improves Muscle Atrophy in Hindlimb Unloading Rats and its Metabolic Mechanism
Authors: Sun Lijun , An Shasha , Zhang Zhihao , Zhou Yaling , Ma Zhanke , Fan Xiushan , Tang Liang , Guo Jianzhong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been proved to promote the proliferation of myoblast C2C12. However, whether LIPUS can effectively prevent muscle atrophy has not been clarified, and if so, what is the possible mechanism. Myostatin (MSTN) is a negtive regulator of skeletal muscle, and inhibition of its expression has a positive effect on the growth and development of skeletal muscle.The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of LIPUS on muscle atrophyin hind limb unloading rats, and explored the mechanisms. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group (NC), hind limb unloading group (UL), hind limb unloading plus 30 mW/cm2 irradiation group (UL + 30 mW/cm2), hind limb suspension plus 80 mW/cm2 irradiation group (UL + 80 mW/cm2). The rats were suspended or/and treated with LIPUS for 20 min/d for 28 days. C2C12 cells were exposed to LIPUS at 30 or 80 mW/cm2 for 5 days. After 28 days, LIPUS significantly prevented the decrease of cross-sectional area of muscle fiber and promoted the quality of gastrocnemius muscle. In addition, LIPUS significantly inhibited the content of MSTN in the serum and gastrocnemius muscle of hind limb rats, and its receptor, and promoted myoblast C2C12 proliferation, promoted the stability of alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism pathway. These results suggest that the key mechanism of LIPUS in preventing muscle atrophy induced by hind limb unloading may be through inhibiting MSTN and stabilizing alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism.
Low trabecular bone score is associated with high C-reactive protein levels in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Lee Kyung-Ann , Kim JongSun , Choi Wonho , Kim Hyun-joo , Kim Hyun-Sook 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives

To evaluate trabecular bone score (TBS) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to identify risk factors related to low TBS in SSc.
Methods

TBS and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) were assessed in patients with SSc (n = 57), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 47), and hand osteoarthritis (OA) (n = 37) using DXA. Osteoporosis risk factors, laboratory findings, SSc-specific organ involvement, and patterns of nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) were also assessed. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors associated with TBS in SSc patients.
Results

The median TBS (Q1, Q3) value was 1.378 (1.322, 1.425) in SSc patients, 1.336 (1.261, 1.396) for RA patients, and 1.430 (1.387, 1.438) for controls (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the median lumbar spine TBS and aBMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip between the SSc and RA groups. The TBS was negatively correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.042) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.005) in the SSc group only and with cumulative glucocorticoid doses in the RA group only (p = 0.031). We found no association between TBS and SSc cutaneous subtype, internal organ involvement, autoantibody profile, NFC patterns, and use of immunosuppressive agents, such as cyclophosphamide. In the multivariate analyses, age, female sex, current, and average CRP were significantly associated with TBS.
Conclusions

TBS assessment revealed poor bone quality in patients with SSc, similar to those with RA. CRP levels were negatively correlated with TBS in patients with SSc, and higher CRP levels were independently associated with low TBS.
Correction of some thermodynamic surface properties of Sodium Alginate determined by Inverse Gas Chromatography
Authors: Hamieh Tayssir 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In their paper published in the Journal of Chemical Engineering Data, Ugraskan et al. [1] made several inaccuracies in the determination of the surface properties of sodium alginate by using the inverse gas chromatography (IGC) technique. The proposed method to determine the dispersive component of the surface energy, I, cannot be correctly evaluated, because it depends on the surface area of n-alkanes or of methylene group. This surface area supposed by Ugraskan et al. [1] constant strongly depends on the temperature. Therefore, the specific free energy of adsorption, (-ΔGsp), and consequently the specific enthalpy of adsorption, (-ΔHsp), cannot be known with accuracy. The wrong values of (-ΔHsp), certainly lead to inaccurate determination of the acid KA and base KD constants of the solid.