bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From a Technology That Replaces Human Perception–Action to One That Expands It: Some Critiques of Current Technology Use in Sport
Authors: Woods Carl T. , Araújo Duarte , Davids Keith , Rudd James 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInformation technology has been integrated into most areas of sport, providing new insights, improving the efficiency of operational processes, and offering unique opportunities for exploration and inquiry. While acknowledging this positive impact, this paper explores whether sufficient consideration has been directed towards what technology risks detracting from the learning and developmental experiences of its users. Specifically, viewed through the philosophical lens of the device paradigm, and considering a more ecological account of technological implementation, we discuss how technology use in sport could subtly disengage educators and applied sports scientists from performance environments. Insights gleaned from such an ecological account of technology implementation could lead sports science and educational teams to ask and reflect on tough questions of current practice: i.e. has too much control been given to technological devices to ‘solve’ problems and communicate knowledge (about) in sport? Has technology improved the skills of players and performance staff? Or are performance staff at risk of becoming over-reliant on technology, and as a result, reducing the value of experiential knowledge (of) and intuition? Questions like these should be asked if technological devices, purported to support aspects of practice, are continually integrated into the sporting landscape.
Transatlantic Abridgment and the Unstable Economics ofRobinson Crusoe
Authors: Gowen Emily 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article examines the circulation and reception of cheap nineteenth-century American abridgments of Robinson Crusoe (1719). This essay shows that the American canonization of Daniel Defoe’s narrative was a function of commercial printing and the democratic reading practices it enabled, particularly where poor and working-class readers were concerned. Robinson Crusoe’s circulation among economically marginalized audiences becomes especially important when we consider the frequency with which issues of upward mobility and wealth acquisition are foregrounded in American abridgments and the interpretive instability such invocations evince. The variety of ways in which Robinson Crusoe abridgments engage with or disavow money suggests that Crusoe’s gold was among the most contested symbols in the antebellum literary marketplace.
Subjective Realism: A Possible-Worlds Interpretation of the Anti-Relativist Arguments in Plato’s Theaetetus
Authors: Bornholdt Jon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper argues for a possible-worlds interpretation of the arguments marshalled by Socrates against Protagoras in Plato’s Theaetetus. Specifically, it reads Protagoras’ position as implying a limited form of modal realism, and evaluates both the self-refutation sequence at 170a–71d and the Future Argument at 177c–9c on the basis of this reading. It emerges that Socrates’ project is only partly successful: while the three main arguments of the self-refutation sequence force Protagoras into ever more awkward and metaphysically top-heavy positions, and the Future Argument is psychologically compelling, these arguments do not force a collapse of the relativist position. Protagoras can still defend himself, though the cost is high.
Single- and Double-Elimination Tournaments under Psychological Momentum
Authors: Chen Bo , Jiang Xiandeng , Wang Zijia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the effects of “psychological momentum” on strategic behavior in single- and double-elimination tournaments. We show that in presence of both positive and negative momentum a single-elimination tournament elicits a higher total effort than that of a double-elimination tournament if and only if the positive momentum is insignificant and the negative momentum is significant. Regardless of momentum effects, a single-elimination tournament elicits a higher average effort per match than a double-elimination tournament does.
An enhancement in series cascade control for non-minimum phase system
Authors: Yadav Manish 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This work reveals an Internal Model Control (IMC)-based series cascade control for the non-minimum phase and time delay process. The combination of a higher-order fractional IMC filter and inverse response compensator for designing the outer loop controller illustrates the uniqueness of this work. For the time delay term, a higher-order approximation is considered. The standard IMC-PID structure adopts for the inner loop controller design. While the higher-order fractional filter coupled with inverse response compensator takes for the design of the outer loop controller. The suggested scheme demonstrates enhanced exhibition for setpoint tracking and disturbance rejection. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis is also accomplished to determine the robustness of the closed-loop system under process parameter variations.
CUTTING THE CANE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE STRUGGLE TO BANISH CORPORAL PUNISHMENT FROM SCHOOLS IN BRITAIN AND SOUTH AFRICA (PART 1)
Authors: Angela Diane Crocker  , Stephen Peté  
Published: October 2021

For centuries corporal punishment was used as a method for disciplining school children in Britain. Britain was one of the last countries in the European Union to abolish this form of punishment in its schools, and did so only after a long and bitter struggle waged in parliament, on the streets, and in various courts of law. This article traces the manner in which this practice became deeply entrenched in the British way of life, as well as the long battle to dislodge it. The focus then shifts to the evolution and eventual demise of this form of punishment in South African schools. During the long years of British rule in South Africa, British attitudes towards the corporal punishment of school children profoundly influenced those responsible for education in this African country. However, the attachment of South African educational authorities, educators, and parents to corporal punishment cannot be explained simply by reference to the influence of British educational values, and the article seeks to take account of the general history of corporal punishment in the African context. This history is entwined with the history of colonialism on the continent, and the article explores the unique social meanings attached to this form of punishment in the African context, as well as its historical importance as a means of social control. The article is divided into two parts. In part one of the article, the evolution and eventual demise of corporal punishment in British schools is traced, followed by a brief general overview of corporal punishment in the African context, as well as a short discussion of the use and eventual abolition of this form of punishment in South African schools. In part two of the article, the continued use of corporal punishment in South African schools, even after this form of punishment was legally abolished following the end of apartheid, is examined in detail.
PROACTIVE JURISPRUDENCE – A TRIUMPH FOR CO-OPERATIVE GOVERNMENT AND AN EXERCISE IN PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL ROLE PLAYERS MEC for Education v Governing Body of the Rivonia Primary School 2013 (12) BCLR 1365 (CC)
Authors: GE Devenish  
Published: October 2021

This significant judgment of the Constitutional Court concerned “a little black girl whose dream was to obtain education at the school closest to her home”. After a protracted and acrimonious four-year admission saga and indeed a poignant and human drama, relating to the admission of a learner, which involved judgments in both the High Court and Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA), on 3 October 2013, the Constitutional Court (CC) decided in favour of the Member of the Executive Council (MEC) in the Province of Gauteng, instructing the principal of the Rivonia Primary School to admit a learner in excess of the limit in the school’s admission policy. Although this case deals, inter alia, with the Minister who has the ultimate authority to decide the capacity of public schools, it also just as importantly, addresses the vexed issue of how a conflict between the School Governing Body (SGB) and Gauteng Provincial Education Department should have been addressed and ultimately resolved, and in so doing creating a beneficial precedent. It was necessary to determine who has the final say: the SGB, the officials in the Provincial Education Department, or indeed a combination of the two. The judgment of South Africa’s highest Court must be understood in the light of the right to basic education encapsulated in section 29 of the Constitution. As Mhlantla AJ, explains this involves a solemn “promise”, the realisation of which in a society where there are vast economic inequalities and a maldistribution of scarce resources is severely fraught with problems. This state of affairs cannot be denied and must be faced up to such as the Constitutional Court commented in Head of Department, Mpumalanga Department of Education v Hoërskool Ermelo (2010 (2) SA 415 (CC)). As a result of such inequality and disadvantage, inordinate tensions and expectations have been generated in relation to education. What is required in adjudication of such issues is the wisdom of Solomon. In this regard, Mhlantla AJ, comments, the “Constitution provides us with a reference point – the best interest of our children”. This is clearly enunciated in section 28(2) of the Constitution, which states that “[a] child’s best interests are of paramount importance in every matter concerning the child”. As will be explained below, it is submitted that this judgment is a singular victory for the letter and spirit of co-operative government and community partnership, which is so fundamental to the success of our system of democratic governance.
ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC AND WEIGHT REDUCTION EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF FERULAGO ABBREVIATA C.C. (TOWNS (APIACEAE)) IN MALE ALBINO RATS
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed , Ahmed Firduas , Othman Hemn , Ahmad Saman 
Published: October 2021

Background
A large number of studies on the active compound of herbal medicine proved that plant extract is very effective and safe in patients especially in hyperlipidemia, regarding the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP), pharmaceutical compounds containing herbal monomers and derivatives are very effective and safe in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and reducing body weight, for example, onion, garlic, flaxseed oil, celery and Ferulago angulate (Schltdl.) Boiss Ferulago abbreviata C.C. Towns. (Apiaceae; Kurdish: Chnor) are another species of the family of Apiaceae used in this study to investigate their effect on the serum lipid profile and body weight.
Objectives
Evaluation and comparing effect of different doses of Ferulago Abbreviata as anti-hyperlipidemia, and weight reduction.
Materials and Methods
We divided fifteen male albino rats into 3 equal groups(n=5) as follows: (group HFD, FA500, and FA700), collected blood from them and weighted each of them as a baseline, then after six weeks fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to all the groups collected blood and weighted again, and started different regimens of treatment until week ten as follows: HFD group: received a fat-rich diet only; FA500 group: received a fat-rich diet, plus extracts of Ferulago abbreviata at a dose of 500mg/kg; FA700 group: received a fat-rich diet, plus extracts of Ferulago abbreviata at a dose of 700mg/kg. At the end of the study, we collected the blood for investigation of the level of lipid profile and weighted them.
Results
By added extract of Ferulago abbreviate to hyperlipidemic rats the level of cholesterol, TG, LDL, VLD, Atherogenic index and body weight were significantly reduced and HDL level elevated, this finding was significant, also the high dose of the plant considerably very effective in lowering the lipid profile but in reducing the weight of the rats has the same result of a lower dose.
Conclusion
Using hydro-alcoholic extracts of Ferulago abbreviata can decrease the lipid profile and weight very significantly.
Chemical characterization, adverse effects and potential toxicological effects of medical devices applied in gastrointestinal disease: a review
Authors: Varthya Shoban Babu , Krishna Hare 
Published: October 2021

Medical devices have gained popularity as a therapeutic or diagnostic purpose in gastrointestinal obstructions caused by malignant tumour or benign stricture or any other pre-existing conditions. The problems of stents are like sense of foreign body, migration or incomplete expansion or re obstruction. In this scenarios, self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS), or biodegradable self-expanding stents, wall flex stents, drug eluted stents, etc prevents the obstruction related difficulties. SEMS associated with re-obstruction and migration along with difficulty in removal and chances of leaks due to corrosion. In case of biodegradable self-expanding stents, which are either made of magnesium-based materials or synthetic polymers, such as polylactide or polyglycolide, or co-polymers, such as polydioxanone. Magnesium-based materials are very biocompatible but due to the property of dissolving in the body by rapid corrosion, degradation can occur before the therapeutic objective is reached. Synthetic polymers associated severe mucosal hyperplastic reaction with overgrowth and/or ingrowth. Wall flex stents, drug eluted stents can be used to prevent complications associated with above variants but their clinical significance and toxicological effects were not evaluated completely. Under this given scenario toxicological evolution of various medical devices used in gastrointestinal disease and their potential toxicological effects are required to understand their tolerability and acceptability.
Analysis of Earthquake Park Design Criteria: Cases in Ataşehir and Topkapı Parks, Istanbul
Authors: Caymaz Gökçen Firdevs Yücel , Komar Hümeyra 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Earthquake parks are open spaces where sustenance, shelter and security needs required by people to sustain their daily lives after a disaster may be addressed. In this study, the use of Ataşehir and Topkapı earthquake parks as recreation areas before an earthquake and as a post-disaster park were examined from a space design aspect using on-site observations. Standards required for earthquake parks were determined, such as land location and suitability, transportation, size and function, infrastructure systems, structural and vegetative designs, whereas evaluations of these criteria were conducted at two parks. As a result of this study, it was identified that unlike traditional parks, designing earthquake parks according to site location and suitability, transportation, size and function, infrastructure systems, structural and planting design is important for post-disaster use.
Performance in B2B Sales: An Explanation of How Channel Management and Communication Influence a Firm’s Performance
Authors: Günther Maier 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Communication between seller and buyer is done through multiple channels. There are multiple ways to use technical media and channel selection to create more information, but does this lead to a better performance of a firm? Research on the impact of different marketing channels in the industry regarding performance factors remains scarce. The performance of a firm is the most significant factor and will be monitored through different attributes. The purpose of this paper is to review the drivers of a sales process in terms of sales cycles, channels and communication in relation to it’s effect on performance. Beyond the characteristics of sales the review delineates the changes from the past to the present. The contribution of this review is to understand the various capabilities in channel management and communication that can be adapted to the sales process and increase a firm’s performance.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activities of new Nano Schiff bases Composites
Authors: M. Mohammed Akhlas , Sultan Maha T. 
Published: October 2021

New nano composites containing Schiff bases have been synthesized and presented in this paper. All compounds have been categorized through FT-IR and some of them by H-NMR spectroscopy. The antibacterial performance of the prepared compounds has been investigated according to the agar diffusion method. The compounds (P1,P2,C1, and C2) have shown, in general, significant inhibition against bacterial.
On Nano ẛـpreـgـOpen Set
Authors: Esmaeel Rana B. , Jassam Ahmed. A. 
Published: October 2021

In this work, the notion is defined by using and some properties of this set are studied also, and ـ set are two concepts that are defined by using ; many examples have been cited to indicate that the reverse of the propositions and remarks is not achieved. In addition, new application example of nano was studied.
Divorcio entre la política fiscal y el presupuesto público
Authors: Rico-Calvano Florentino 
Published: October 2021

A nivel nacional puede apreciarse un divorcio entre la polítíca fiscal y el presupuesto público. Esta situación ha originado profundos problemas sobre la Administración Pública y la Política Macroeconómica, ya que el presupuesto como expresión monetaria cumple varios fines en forma simuItánea, es decir, constituye un instrumento de planificación estratégica, base de la programación financiera de cualquier organismo, sea público o privado, y de igual manera es de suma utilidad como expresión de su política fiscal. Este divorcio se presenta por el contraste entre la vulnerabilidad de algunos componentes de las Finanzas públicas y la extrema rigidez de otros. Este desequilibrio origina problemas serios en Colombia y sobre todo en la Costa Atlántica ya que las bases tríbutarías son muy estrechas, un control fiscal deficiente, la fuerte dependencia de la evolución de precios externos y una mayor incitabilidad macroeconómica.
Algunos problemas de la ética en una economía de mercado
Authors: Muñoz-Cardona Angel Emilio 
Published: October 2021

La amenaza que significa para algunas empresas la globalización, ha provocado diferentes reacciones. La primera de ellas es la de considerar la competencia como el fracaso para la industria nacional, por no contar ésta con el capital y la capacidad productiva de las empresas extranjeras, pero se olvidan de que competir es también generar sentimientos de apego; es decir, la empresa con su accionar social debe ser capaz de generar relaciones internas que propicien y fortalezcan el sentimiento de pertenencia, de tal manera que la comunidad sienta la empresa como algo muy suyo o altamente necesaria, por lo que estará dispuesta a defenderla y apoyarla dentro de una economía globalizada. La segunda reacción es considerar que para ser más competitivas es necesario evadir impuestos, ya que si se pagan legalmente todos, entonces habría que cerrar la empresa. Pero dicha práctica lo único que genera es la consolidación de una economía subdesarrollada, donde la desconfianza, se actúa con premeditación y se cae en la injusticia, la cual crea inestabilidad política y social. Llevando la nación a la pobreza extrema, al atraso en las artes y en las ciencias, en otras palabras, al despego del hombre por su país y sus instituciones, al sentido de zozobra y de felicidad. La tercera y última reacción de la empresa para ser más competitiva es la búsqueda de contratación de mano de obra barata y no de la innovación tecnológica y del producto, lo que termina en un alto deterioro en las relaciones sociales y conduce a la economía a un mayor atraso político, económico y social. Paradójicamente los países más competitivos o emprendedores son aquellos donde su población goza de mayores índices de desempleo, más altos ingresos, menores tasas de interés, menor inflación, más variedad de productos, mejor calidad de vida, mayor asistencia social, y menor concentración de la riqueza.Palabras claves: Competencia, Ley Natural del Mercado, Trampa de la evasión, Trampa social.
Análisis evaluativo de la política monetaria del presidente Gaviria
Authors: Navarro-España Jorge Luis 
Published: October 2021

Una administración siempre llega la hora de las evaluaciones, uno de los puntos más controversiales para la administración que terminó fue la implementación de la política monetaria, es el propósito del autor de este escrito analizar en forma sencilla el derrotero de esta política en el curso de estos cuatro años (1990-1994).
Unjuk Kerja Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap
Authors: Sandi Rizki Wira , Puriza M Yonggi , Sunanda Wahri 
Published: October 2021

Pemanfaatan limbah padat kelapa sawit PT Bumi Sawit Sukses Pratama di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung). sebagai sumber bahan baku energi listrik menjadi salah satu pilihan diantara sumber energi baru lainnya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi listrik selain bersumber dari PLN. Untuk pembangkit listrik tenaga uap yang dijalankan, sistem didukung oleh turbin dengan kapasitas 2 MW dan 2 unit boiler dengan kapasitas masing-masing 45 ton/jam yang dioperasikan secara bergantian. Efisiensi boiler unit 1 terendah didapat 39% dan tertinggi 49%. Sedangkan efisiensi terendah pada boiler unit 2 yakni 39% dan tertinggi 49%. Kemudian untuk produksi uap pada boiler unit 1 tertinggi 34.300 kg/jam dan terendah 27.500 kg/jam. Lalu untuk produksi uap boiler unit 2 tertinggi 34.800 kg/jam dan terendah 27.500 kg/jam
Impact Kaizen Budget to reducing costs and continuous improvement the operations: study in General Company for Light Industries
Authors: Talib Abbas Sabah 
Published: October 2021

The budget represents a critical accounting tool used for planning and control. It is considered a measure of the results expected to occur.
This study aims to identify the impact of the Kaizen Budget in reducing costs and continuous improvement on the General Company's operations for Light Industries. The research idea is based on the fact that preparing the budget based on constant improvement supports the higher management of people, processes, materials, and production methods, thus enabling them to manage and reduce their costs.
Research results that the prepared budget suffers from many shortages that limit the materials' usefulness for management
Principe de différence et politiques fiscales
Authors: Desbiolles Blondine 
Published: October 2021

Cet article examine les objections de Thomas Nagel au principe de différence. Quoiqu’il partage les thèses égalitaristes de Rawls, il relève des failles internes au principe de différence : il renforce des asymétries entre favorisés et défavorisés, est psychologiquement inacceptable pour des individus réels, et ne suffit pas à définir un système fiscal pleinement égalitariste. Nous présentons et discutons alors les analyses et propositions que Nagel avance sur le plan de la justice distributive et fiscale. Elles constituent des correctifs et prolongements de la théorie de Rawls, dans une perspective toutefois distincte : il s’agit non plus de définir la structure de base d’une société bien ordonnée, juste et équitable, mais de réaliser l’égalité dans une société démocratique actuelle.