bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of chronic gingivitis management on the cytokine and anti‐PPAD expressions in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus: A six‐month follow‐up
Authors: Sete Manuela Rubim C. , Carlos Juliana C. , Mello‐Neto Joao M. , Lira‐Junior Ronaldo , Brito Fernanda , Bostrom Elisabeth A. , Sztajnbok Flavio R. , Figueredo Carlos Marcelo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate how chronic gingivitis treatment impacts the oral and circulating cytokine expressions after six‐month follow‐up in patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) and also to evaluate the circulating expression of anti‐Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidylarginine deiminase antibodies (anti‐PPAD) before and after treatment.BackgroundJuvenile systemic lupus erythematosus patients present a worse periodontal condition associated with higher gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐8, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF), interferon‐γ and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐one adolescents with jSLE (mean age: 16.2 ± 1.5 years) were recruited. Participants were rheumatologically and periodontally examined. All individuals were clinically diagnosed with gingival inflammation. Chronic gingivitis treatment consisted of supragingival scaling, prophylaxis and oral hygiene instructions. The cytokine levels were determined by bead‐based multiplex assays and the anti‐PPAD levels by ELISA. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum samples were collected at baseline and 6 months after treatment.ResultsWe observed a reduction in attachment loss, SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), IL‐1β, IL‐10 and MCP‐1 GCF levels, and the IL‐4 and IL‐5 serum levels 6 months after periodontal treatment. On the contrary, a significant increase in GCF expression of IL‐4, IL‐12, IL‐17, IFN‐γ and serum levels of anti‐PPAD antibody was observed.ConclusionJuvenile systemic lupus erythematosus patients seem to positively benefit from periodontal treatment by a significantly reduced CAL, a GCF reduction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and an increasing of anti‐inflammatory ones. However, an increase in the GCF expression of IL‐17 and the serum expression of anti‐PPAD antibody 6 months after periodontal treatment might negatively affect the treatment outcome of such patients in the long term.
Colony‐stimulating factor‐1 receptor blockade attenuates inflammation in inflamed gingival tissue explants
Authors: Clark Reuben , Lira‐Junior Ronaldo , Johannsen Gunnar , Boström Elisabeth A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and objectiveColony‐stimulating factor‐1 receptor (CSF‐1R) regulates myeloid cell function and mediates osteoclastogenesis. CSF‐1R blockade has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target to halt inflammation and bone resorption; however, the expression and function of CSF‐1R in human gingiva is yet unknown.MethodsGingival tissue was collected from 22 non‐periodontitis controls and 31 periodontitis (PD) patients. CSF‐1R expression in gingival tissue was assessed with q‐PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cell surface expression of CSF‐1R was analyzed by flow cytometry. The effects of CSF‐1R inhibition on the production of inflammatory mediators by inflamed gingival tissue explants and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were assessed with a bead‐based multiplex array and ELISA.ResultsCSF‐1R protein expression was increased in gingival tissue from PD patients compared with controls as assessed with western blot (1.5‐fold increase) and IHC (4.5‐fold increase). Similar proportions of HLA‐DR+CD64+ cells and comparable CSF‐1R expression in this cell population were found in gingival tissue from PD patients and controls. In peripheral blood monocytes, CSF‐1R was predominantly expressed by non‐classical and intermediate monocytes. Targeting CSF‐1R in gingival tissue explants attenuated the production of MMP‐1, MMP‐2, MMP‐12, and MMP‐13. The blocking in PBMCs attenuated the production of IL‐8 and MMP‐9.ConclusionThese results indicate that CSF‐1R is elevated in PD, and its inhibition attenuates inflammatory mediators in the inflamed gingival tissue and circulating myeloid cells. Together these findings suggest that CSF‐1R might be involved in regulating inflammatory processes in PD, and a potential therapeutic target to reduce the harmful inflammation.
Phenotyping REM OSA by means of peripheral arterial tone‐based home sleep apnea testing and polysomnography: A critical assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of both methods
Authors: Massie Frederik , Van Pee Bart , Vits Steven , Verbraecken Johan , Bergmann Jeroen 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThe clinical relevance of rapid eye movement sleep‐related obstructive sleep apnea (REM OSA) is supported by its associated adverse health outcomes and impact on optimal treatment strategies. To date, no assessment of REM OSA phenotyping performance has been conducted for any type of sleep testing technology. The objective of this study was to assess this for polysomnography and peripheral arterial tone‐based home sleep apnea testing (PAT HSAT). In a dataset comprising 261 participants, the sensitivity and specificity of the agreement on REM OSA phenotyping was assessed for two independent scorings of polysomnography and a synchronously administered PAT HSAT. The sensitivity and specificity of REM OSA phenotyping were 0.87 and 0.89, respectively, for the polysomnography inter‐scorer comparison, and 0.68 and 0.97 for the PAT HSAT on a single‐night basis, using the conventional minimum required rapid eye movement sleep time of 30 min. Polysomnography‐based REM OSA phenotyping was found to be sensitive and specific even for a single‐night testing protocol. Peripheral arterial tone‐based REM OSA phenotyping showed a lower sensitivity but a slightly higher specificity compared to polysomnography. In order to increase performance and conclusiveness of peripheral arterial tone‐based REM OSA phenotyping, a multi‐night protocol of 2–5 nights could be considered. Finally, the minimum required rapid eye movement sleep time could be lowered from the conventional 30 min to 15 min without significantly lowering REM OSA phenotyping sensitivity and specificity, while increasing the level of phenotyping conclusiveness.
Environment and plant traits explain shrub biomass allocation and species composition across ecoregions in North China
Authors: Chai Yongfu , Zhong Jiayi , Zhao Jiale , Guo Jiangchao , Yue Ming , Guo Yaoxin , Wang Mao , Wan Pengcheng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractQuestionsInterspecific differences in plant biomass allocation reflect plant nutrient use strategy, determining species fitness under different environmental conditions. However, plant biomass allocation may be affected by both habitat and plant traits. We asked how environmental conditions and plant traits jointly affect shrub biomass allocation. Specifically, how they further play roles in understanding community species composition as ecoregion changes.LocationShaanxi province, North China.MethodsPlant biomass, plant traits and community composition were surveyed for 48 shrub sites distributed in five ecoregions. Species‐specific allocation parameters (allometric constants and scaling exponents) and plant traits were weighted with species abundance to calculate the community biomass allocation and community traits. Linear mixed models were used to assess relative contributions of plant traits and environmental factors in explaining biomass allocation pattern. Their roles in explaining species composition were analyzed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA).ResultsWe reported that shrub biomass allocation parameters of stems vs leaves and roots vs shoots varied significantly among ecoregions. Plant traits explained more variation in stem vs leaf biomass allocation than soil and climate factors, while climate factors played important roles in variation of root vs shoot biomass allocation. Combined with plant traits and environmental conditions, biomass allocation showed a synergistic role in explaining community species composition.ConclusionsEnvironment and plant traits explain different aspects of shrub biomass allocation, and species‐specific biomass allocation strategy have the potential to predict community species composition and distribution across ecoregions. Our study sheds light on the biomass allocations significance in understanding species turnover and community distribution.
Waist and hip circumference are independently associated with the risk of liver disease in population‐based studies
Authors: Danielsson Oscar , Nissinen Markku J. , Jula Antti , Salomaa Veikko , Männistö Satu , Lundqvist Annamari , Perola Markus , Åberg Fredrik 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsWhile several anthropometric measures predict liver disease, the waist‐hip ratio (WHR) has shown superiority in previous studies. We analysed independent and joint associations of waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) with liver disease and liver‐related risk factors.MethodsCross‐sectional study (n = 6619) and longitudinal cohort (n = 40 923) comprised individuals from Health 2000 and FINRISK 1992‐2012 studies. Prevalent and viral liver diseases were excluded. Longitudinal cohort was linked with national healthcare registers for severe incident liver disease. Linear regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyse anthropometric, lifestyle, metabolic and bioimpedance‐related parameters; liver enzymes; and 59 liver‐related genetic risk variants.ResultsWC and HC showed independent and opposite associations with both liver enzymes and incident liver disease among men (HR for liver disease: WC, 1.07, 95% CI 1.03‐1.11; HC, 0.96, 95% CI 0.92‐0.99; P‐range .04 to <.001) and women (HR for liver diseases: WC, 1.06, 95% CI 1.02‐1.10; HC, 0.93, 95% CI 0.89‐0.98; P‐range .005 to .004). HC modified associations between WC and liver enzymes, and between WC and incident liver disease, particularly among men. Liver enzymes and risk of liver disease increased with increasing WC, more so among individuals with high WHR compared to with low WHR. WC and HC jointly reflected both body fat distribution and muscle mass, which was largely mirrored by WHR.ConclusionsWC and HC exhibit independent and joint associations with liver disease, which are largely reflected by WHR. Both body fat distribution and muscle mass contribute to these anthropometric measures.
Population dynamics of Indian river shad Gudusia chapra (Hamilton, 1822) using length frequency analysis for fisheries management in a floodplain wetland of Ganga River Basin, India
Authors: Sarkar Uttam Kumar , Johnson Canciyal , Kumari Suman , Bakshi Snigdha , Karnatak Gunjan , Das Ghosh Bandana , Lianthuamluaia Mishal P. , Das Basanta Kumar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe small‐scale fisheries sector plays very significant role in Indian fisheries. Fish life history parameters such as growth and morality are considered important factors for their conservation and management. Accordingly, the population parameters of a commercially important freshwater clupeid fish, Gudusia chapra (Hamilton, 1822) of Mathura beel, a tropical oxbow lake in West Bengal were investigated on the basis of primary data using a FiSAT‐II software package. A total of 2062 specimens of both sexes combined, exhibiting a length (TL) range 1.7–15.4 cm and a weight range of 1.14–35.69 g, were collected from different sites of the wetland during October 2017–September 2019. The growth parameters L∞, K and t0 of the species were 16.55 cm, 1.10/year and −0.02, respectively. The growth performance (ϕ) was 2.48. The estimated mortality rates Z, M and F were 2.72, 1.25 and 1.47/year, respectively. The current exploitation ratio (E) was estimated to be 0.54 based on the length‐converted catch curve. Analysis of the relative yield per recruit and relative biomass per recruit model indicated that the current E value is approaching an Emax value of 0.56. The maximum sustainable yield of this species was estimated to be 10.7 t, compared to the present annual yield of 11.5 t. For optimal fisheries management and a reduced risk of over exploitation, the current exploitation rate should be reduced by about 40% to achieve E0.5 as a target reference point. The information generated in the present study will facilitate optimal management of the resources for sustainable fisheries management and conservation of G. chapra.
Spatio‐temporal variations in selected water quality parameters and trophic status of Lake Baringo, Kenya
Authors: Walumona Jacques Riziki , Odoli Cyprian Ogombe , Raburu Philip , Amisi Fabrice Muvundja , Murakaru Mugo James , Kondowe Benjamin N. , Kaunda‐Arara Boaz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLacustrine and riverine ecosystems provide important goods and services, including being habitats for aquatic biodiversity, local micro‐climate moderation and a source of economic livelihoods for riparian communities. At the same time, however, they fact continuing anthropogenic and natural threats that can affect their water quality, ecological integrity and biodiversity. The present study focused on assessing spatio‐temporal variations in water quality and trophic status of Lake Baringo, a Ramsar site in Kenya. A number of physicochemical parameters, including nutrient loads, trophic status and organic pollution indices, were evaluated for the lake from water samples collected from March 2008 to December 2020. The results of the present study indicated five parameters (turbidity, fluoride,, total phosphorus and DO) exceeded the permissible limits for drinking water based on WHO standards. The water quality index (WQI) values ranged between 556.04 and 693.54, being well above the WHO recommended limit (WQI = 100), indicating Lake Baringo water to be unsuitable for human consumption. The fluoride (F−) ions and water turbidity contributed the most relative weights to the lake's WQI. The organic pollution index (OPI) for the lake varied from 4.33 to 4.67, significantly above the organic pollution scale of 1.0–3.9 and indicating the lake is not organically polluted. A positive relationship was found between turbidity and rainfall, suggesting the influence of catchment activities on the lake. The nutrient load had less effect on both the WQI and OPI of the lake, indicating low inputs from the catchment. The lake's trophic status shifted between eutrophic and mesotrophic conditions from 2008 to 2020, based on the Carlson's trophic status index (CTSI) values. Application of a holistic and integrated lake basin management (ILBM) approach is recommended for the management of Lake Baringo and its watershed in order to sustain its ecological processes and the associated riparian community economic livelihood support from the lake.
Effects of hydrological regimes and limnological parameters on plankton community properties in tropical irrigation reservoirs: A Sri Lankan case study
Authors: Weerakoon Sampath N. , Chandrasekara W. Upali , Amarasinghe Upali S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWater‐level fluctuations are reported to be key processes influencing ecosystem structure and functions in lentic aquatic ecosystems such as reservoirs. The plankton community structure in reservoirs, being useful monitoring tools as reservoir trophic status indicators, are influenced by water quality parameters and water‐level fluctuations. The present study tested the hypothesis that plankton community properties in irrigation reservoirs are influenced by hydrological regimes and physical and chemical parameters. Accordingly, the effects of physical, chemical and hydrological parameters on plankton density and taxa richness were investigated for 10 selected irrigation reservoirs of Sri Lanka. The relative reservoir level fluctuation (RRLF), an index of the magnitude of water‐level fluctuation in relation to mean depth, had a positive influence on phytoplankton density. Because the RRLF positively influenced phytoplankton density, this index appeared to favour eutrophy in reservoirs. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated both the phytoplankton and zooplankton community structure in the study reservoirs was influenced by physical and chemical characteristics. CCA also indicated the plankton taxa abundance and water quality parameters could be used for the trophic classification of irrigation reservoirs. The results of the present study highlight the need for examining attributes based on hydrological regimes in the context of reservoir water quality management.
Some biological aspects of the Silurid Catfish, Bagrus docmak (Forksskal, 1775) in Lake Victoria, Kenya
Authors: Yongo Edwine , Agembe Simon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBagrus docmak is indigenous to Lake Victoria, being an important source of economic livelihoods to communities around the lake. Although its stocks in the lake are facing intense fishing, predation and ecological changes, data on its biological aspects are scanty, being the basis for the current study. Fish samples for the present study were collected using gillnets of 10‐ and 50‐mm mesh sizes. The length and weight of individual fish caught were measured in the field, while stomachs were preserved in 5% formalin and taken to the laboratory for gut content analysis. The overall sex ratio (male: female) was 1.0:1.26, and did not deviate significantly from 1:1. The lengths of the fish ranged from 12.0 to 55.0 cm TL and the weights ranged between 20.0 and 1650.0 g, with a mean length and weight of 32.7 cm TL and 351.2 g, respectively. The fish were in a good condition with mean condition factors (K) of 1.0, 1.01 and 0.97 for all fish, females and males, respectively. The fish exhibited a negative allometric growth pattern, with a length–weight relationship slope (b) of 2.90, 2.94 and 2.94 for all fish, females, and males, respectively. Stomach analyses revealed an ontogenetic diet shift, where juveniles of less than 30 cm TL feeding exclusively on Caridina nilotica. With increasing size, the fish ingested insects and other fish species, including barbus, bivalves, haplochromines, crabs and detritus in variable quantities. The results of the present study provide useful information on the biological aspects of B. docmak useful for its management and comprehensive stock assessment when required. It also provides insights into the feeding ecology of this fish in view of the changing Lake Victoria ecosystem. Accurate Knowledge regarding its food requirements can inform feed formulation for its successful culture.
Effects of COVID‐19 pandemic on Baor (Oxbow lake) fisheries: Decreased economic livelihoods and food security
Authors: Rahman Md. Ashekur , Hossain Md. Yeamin , Tanjin Sumaya , Mawa Zannatul , Hasan Md. Rabiul , Jasmine Saleha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the global economy, with Bangladesh as a developing country exhibiting greater vulnerability. This pandemic has negatively affected the livelihoods and food security of the nation. Baor (oxbow lake) fisheries communities also were significantly affected during the pandemic, in terms of incomes, food security, health conditions, etc. Fishers have had to stop harvesting, or lower the quantity, of fishes, the sale of which was the main income source of the baor fishers’ community because of reduced consumer demands during the lockdown conditions. The supply chains of fishes and fish culture inputs were also disrupted because of a lack of needed transportation, thereby hindering the availability of this convenient protein source from the fish. All these factors negatively impacted the incomes of the people dependent on this important fishery. If appropriate measures are applied to overcome these various difficulties, the baor fisheries may again contribute significantly to the livelihoods and food security of the population in the southwestern part of Bangladesh.
A new lake algae detection method supported by a drone‐based multispectral camera
Authors: Tóth Veronika Zsófia , Grósz János , Ladányi Márta , Jung András 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlgal detection and quantification are essential steps needed to maintain the appropriate ecological status of freshwater bodies. Although there are still some technical issues to be addressed, remote sensing technologies possess benefits over traditional testing methods. To overcome these difficulties, algal concentrations at selected locations in Lake Balaton, Hungary, were determined with the use of a multispectral camera, mounted by a 3D printed tool on a drone. The algae concentration was defined from three different camera output variables, including light level, irradiance and reflectance. The determination was based on blue/green and also NIR/red indices. To validate the method, results from drone measurements were compared to laboratory measurements of collected water samples from the same 29 sites at which the drone camera took images. Pearson's correlation was applied to test the agreement of the measured and method‐derived values. The blue/green ratio proved to be a more adequate input than NIR/RED, with the highest correlation being produced by the light level, blue/green ratio‐based data that exhibited a highly significant Pearson correlation coefficient (r = .96). This newly developed drone‐based method was shown to provide notably better spatial resolution than the satellites. Accordingly, the newly developed, quick‐process measurements obtained in the present study can be done as frequently as required with a markedly lower budget.
Tissue‐specific gene expression shows a cynipid wasp repurposes oak host gene networks to create a complex and novel parasite‐specific organ
Authors: Martinson Ellen O. , Werren John H. , Egan Scott P. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEvery organism on Earth depends on interactions with other organisms to survive. In each of these interactions, an organism must utilize the limited toolbox of genes and proteins it possesses to successfully manipulate or cooperate with another species, but it can also co‐opt the genome machinery of its partner to expand its available tools. Insect‐induced plant galls are an extreme example of this, wherein an insect hijacks the plant's genome to direct the initiation and development of galls consisting of plant tissue. However, previous transcriptomic studies have not evaluated individual tissues within a gall to determine the full extent to which a galling insect manipulates its host plant. Here we demonstrate that the cynipid wasp Dryocosmus quercuspalustris creates a complex parasite‐specific organ from red oak tissue via massive changes in host gene expression. Our results show that the gall wasp is not merely modifying oak leaf tissue but creating extensive changes in gene expression between galled and ungalled tissue (differential expression in 28% of genes) and distinct gall tissue types (20% of genes). The outer gall tissue shows increases in various plant defence systems, which is consistent with its predicted functional role of protecting the wasp larva. The inner larval capsule shows suppression of large parts of the plant innate immune system and evidence for the wasp utilizing the plant's RNA interference mechanisms, which may be a potential mechanism for the wasp's control on gall growth.