bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological, clinical characterization and treatment patterns of migraine patients in a Colombian cohort from 2018 to 2022
Authors: Rubio A. C. , Arciniegas J. A. , Bolanos-Lopez J. E. , Gonzalez F. J. , Gomez D. , Mesa A. , Bello C. , Garcia M. , Perez L. E. , Reyes J. M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
To describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of migraine and the status of treatment in Colombia. Additionally, the use of health resources by patients was measured.

Methods
This was a non-interventional, retrospective, descriptive study conducted in one Colombian Health Management Organization (HMO) from 2018 to 2022 with a follow-up period of 5 years. Migraine patients were identified using the International Code Disease 10th version G43, and the diagnosis was confirmed by a neurologist. The first recorded migraine diagnosis was defined as the index date. Medical records, claim databases and other electronic databases from the HMO were used to determine the clinical characteristics, treatments, and health care services.

Results
A total of 89,227 patients were included in the study. The mean follow-up period was 3.7 years (standard deviation 1.2). Most of them were women (84.9%). Many patients were first seen by a general practitioner (82.6%), and only 8.9% were first seen by a neurologist. The prevalence of migraine during follow-up was between 1.69 and 2.42 patients in 100 HMO affiliates in 2020, the year with the highest prevalence (2.42 [95% CI 2.41–2.44]), and the incidence ranged from 0.032 to 1.72 per 100 patient-year at risk of developing migraine. Hypertension (21.3%), arrythmia (4.1%) and structural heart disease (3.4%) were the most common cardiovascular diseases. The annual mean number of outpatient consultations in 2018 was 1.43 consultations per patient, which decreased to 0.68 in 2022. The most frequent treatments for acute events were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (range 37-42%) in monotherapy, combinations of analgesics (range 14-35%), and corticosteroids (range 10-15%). Triptans were used in 4% of patients in the first medication record, reaching a maximum of 16% of patients. Among preventive treatments, beta-blockers (24-49%) and antiepileptics (29-41%) were the most common.

Conclusion
The prevalence of migraine in Colombia according to health electronic databases was lower than that reported in previous studies conducted in the country. The treatment patterns for acute and preventive treatment of migraine follow the recommendations of different guidelines. Cardiovascular disease is relevant for the management of migraine.
Exosome-derived proteins in gastric cancer progression, drug resistance, and immune response
Authors: Wang Jiayu , Zhang Huan , Li Juntao , Ni Xiangyu , Yan Wenying , Chen Yueqiu , Shi Tongguo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) represents a prevalent malignancy globally, often diagnosed at advanced stages owing to subtle early symptoms, resulting in a poor prognosis. Exosomes are extracellular nano-sized vesicles and are secreted by various cells. Mounting evidence indicates that exosomes contain a wide range of molecules, such as DNA, RNA, lipids, and proteins, and play crucial roles in multiple cancers including GC. Recently, with the rapid development of mass spectrometry-based detection technology, researchers have paid increasing attention to exosomal cargo proteins. In this review, we discussed the origin of exosomes and the diagnostic and prognostic roles of exosomal proteins in GC. Moreover, we summarized the biological functions of exosomal proteins in GC processes, such as proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, stemness, immune response, angiogenesis, and traditional Chinese medicine therapy. In summary, this review synthesizes current advancements in exosomal proteins associated with GC, offering insights that could pave the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for GC in the foreseeable future.
Elucidating postoperative dynamics in tractional retinal detachment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of structural and functional outcomes following diabetic vitrectomy, including an analysis of postoperative complications
Authors: Quiroz-Reyes Miguel A. , Quiroz-Gonzalez Erick A. , Quiroz-Gonzalez Miguel A. , Lima-Gomez Virgilio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of diabetic vitrectomy for treating tractional retinal detachment (TRD) by assessing visual acuity improvements, retinal reattachment success rates, and the frequency of postoperative complications. A comprehensive literature search identified 1,211 studies, 30 of which met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The meta-analyses were conducted via random effects models to account for heterogeneity. The primary outcomes were visual acuity improvement and retinal reattachment success, whereas postoperative complications were analyzed as secondary outcomes. Funnel plots, trim-and-fill methods, and Egger’s regression tests were employed to assess and adjust for publication bias. The meta-analysis included data from 1,844 eyes across 30 studies. The pooled mean difference (MD) in visual acuity following diabetic vitrectomy was 0.80 logMAR (95% CI: 0.58–1.01, p < 0.0001), with significant heterogeneity (I² = 95%). The trim-and-fill method adjusted the MD to 1.15 (95% CI: 0.85–1.45), indicating potential publication bias. The pooled proportion of retinal reattachment success was 94.63% (95% CI: 90.88–96.89%), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 82.2%). Egger’s regression test confirmed publication bias in the retinal reattachment data (t = 6.07, df = 25, p < 0.0001). The most common postoperative complications were vitreous hemorrhage (8.2%, 0–41%), elevated intraocular pressure (7.3%, 0–25%), and cataract formation (10.3%, 0–43%). Diabetic vitrectomy significantly improves visual acuity and achieves high retinal reattachment success rates in patients with TRD despite considerable heterogeneity across studies. However, a critical limitation of the current literature is the lack of comprehensive reporting of essential markers of perfusion, such as the choroidal vascularity index and choriocapillaris flow area, which are crucial for a thorough understanding of the impact of vitrectomy on ocular perfusion and its correlation with structural and functional outcomes. These findings also highlight the need for vigilant postoperative management to mitigate common complications. Adjustments for publication bias via the trim-and-fill method suggest that the initial estimates of efficacy may be optimistic, but the overall benefits of the procedure remain substantial. Further research is warranted to standardize surgical techniques, include detailed perfusion outcomes, and enhance the reliability of future meta-analyses. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered.
Gender-affirming medical treatment for adolescents: a critical reflection on “effective” treatment outcomes
Authors: Oosthoek Ezra D. , Stanwich Skye , Gerritse Karl , Doyle David Matthew , de Vries Annelou L.C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The scrutiny surrounding gender-affirming medical treatment (GAMT) for youth has increased, particularly concerning the limited evidence on long-term treatment outcomes. The Standards of Care 8 by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health addresses this by outlining research evidence suggesting “effective” outcomes of GAMT for adolescents. However, claims concerning what are considered “effective” outcomes of GAMT for adolescents remain implicit, requiring further reflection.

Methods
Using trans negativity as a theoretical lens, we conducted a theory-informed reflexive thematic analysis of the literature cited in the “Research Evidence” section of the SOC8 Adolescents chapter. We selected 16 articles that used quantitative measures to assess GAMT outcomes for youth, examining how “effective” outcomes were framed and interpreted to uncover implicit and explicit normative assumptions within the evidence base.

Results
A total of 44 different measures were used to assess GAMT outcomes for youth, covering physical, psychological, and psychosocial constructs. We identified four main themes regarding the normative assumptions of “effective” treatment outcomes: (1) doing bad: experiencing distress before GAMT, (2) moving toward a static gender identity and binary presentation, (3) doing better: overall improvement after GAMT, and (4) the absence of regret. These themes reveal implicit norms about what GAMT for youth should achieve, with improvement being the benchmark for “effectiveness.”

Discussion
We critically reflect on these themes through the lens of trans negativity to challenge what constitutes “effective” GAMT outcomes for youth. We explore how improvement justifies GAMT for youth and address the limitations of this notion.

Conclusions
We emphasize the need for an explicit discussion on the objectives of GAMT for adolescents. The linear narrative of improvement in GAMT for adolescents is limited and fails to capture the complexity of GAMT experiences. With currently no consensus on how the “effectiveness” of GAMT for adolescents is assessed, this article calls for participatory action research that centers the voices of young TGD individuals.
Production and evaluation of probiotic brown yoghurt made from buffalo milk as an innovative functional dairy product
Authors: El-Hadad Sameh S. , El-Aziz Mahmoud Abd , Fouad Mohamed T. , Sayed Ahmed F. , Sayed Rehab S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Brown fermented milk has become more popular with consumers due to its high nutritional value, creamy texture, delicious caramel flavor, and brownish color. Brown yoghurt (BY), made from buffalo milk fortified with probiotic bacteria was evaluated as an innovative functional dairy product.

Methods
Standardized buffalo milk with a 1:1 protein/fat ratio was homogenized and browned at 97 ± 1 °C for 4 h. At 42 °C, it was inoculated with a 2.0% mixed starter culture and then divided into 4 portions. Bifidobacterium bifidum NRRL B-41410 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus NRRL B-442, as probiotic bacteria, were added individually or in combination at a rate of 1.0% to create three treatments. The last portion without probiotics was served as a control BY.

Results
B. bifidum showed the highest viable counts when added alone or in combination with L. rhamnosus, particularly on days 7 and 15. However, the addition of B. bifidum did not improve the physical and sensory properties of the BY, which were similar to those of the control. Adding L. rhamnosus, either alone (T3) or in combination with B. bifidum (T4), greatly improved the viscosity, hardness, flavor compounds, and sensory scores of the BY. The antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals was also significantly enhanced. T3 and T4 also had a thicker body, a smoother and creamier texture, and a light caramel taste combined with a pleasant sour taste. Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) concentration in BY was affected slightly by bacteria strains and storage time.

Conclusions
Standardized buffalo milk fortified with L. rhamnosus alone or in combination with B. bifidum can produce a higher-quality BY that is more acceptable as an innovative functional dairy product.
3-Dimensional morphological characterization of neuroretinal microglia in Alzheimer’s disease via machine learning
Authors: Nassrallah Wissam B. , Li Hao Ran , Irani Lyden , Wijesinghe Printha , Hogg Peter William , Hui Lucy , Oh Jean , Mackenzie Ian R. , Hirsch-Reinshagen Veronica , Hsiung Ging-Yuek Robin , Pham Wellington , Lee Sieun , Matsubara Joanne A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that affects 47.5 million people worldwide. AD is characterised by the formation of plaques containing extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyper-phosphorylated tau proteins (pTau). Aβ gradually accumulates in the brain up to 20 years before the clinical onset of dementia, making it a compelling candidate for early detection of AD. It has been shown that there is increased deposition of Aβs in AD patients’ retinas. However, little is known about microglia’s ability to function and clear Aβ within the retina of AD and control eyes. We labelled microglia with ionised calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA-1) in AD and age-matched control donor retinas. We then used interactive machine learning to segment individual microglia in 3D. In the temporal mid-peripheral region, we found that the number of microglia was significantly lower in AD retinas compared to controls. Unexpectedly, the size of the microglia was significantly larger in the AD retinas compared to controls. We also labelled retinal microglia for Cluster of Differentiation 68 (CD68), a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by cells in the monocyte lineage and a marker of phagocytic activity and activated microglia. The size of CD68 + cells was statistically different between AD and control microglial, with CD68 + cells being larger in AD. In contrast, there was no difference in either size or shape for CD68- microglia between the two groups, suggesting an important difference in the active states of CD68 + microglia in AD retina. There was also significantly increased CD68 immunoreactivity in individual microglia within the AD group. Overall, this study reveals unique differences in the size and activity of the retinal microglia, which may relate to their potential chronic activation due to increased levels of Aβs in the AD retina.
Optimal design of round-oval-round roll pass for the steel bar rolling process
Authors: Rashad Mostafa , Magdi Abdelrhman , Ahmed Mohamed Ezz , Metwalli Sayed M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study aims to determine the optimal values of the round-oval-round roll pass design parameters. This was applied on two consecutive passes: round-oval and oval-round. That produces a circular cross section from an input of a larger circular cross section through an intermediate oval pass. The design variables were the oval groove radius and depth. The optimization objectives were to minimize the rolling torque and to maximize the area reduction ratio. A nonlinear, double-stage, three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) is used to calculate the rolling torque and the output shape dimensions. The two-staged FEM yielded realistic and highly accurate results as it imitates the real rolling process, using the actual oval results of the first step directly as input to the second step. The results of the FEM were verified experimentally. A polynomial surrogate meta-model, representing the rolling process, was developed based on the FEM utilizing multivariate regression. Optimal design solutions and design curves were developed. The established optimization procedures achieved a reduction in rolling torque of more than 6% or an increase in the area reduction ratio of up to 11%. The optimal solutions were confirmed using FE and experiment.
Enhancing seawater desalination efficiency through optimized pulsed electric field parameters in electrodialysis
Authors: A.Elkhwass Hussein , Negm M. , Kamal Sherif A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSeawater desalination is essential for addressing global freshwater scarcity, but it faces challenges like energy consumption and membrane fouling. This study investigates the use of pulsed electric fields (PEF) to enhance the efficiency of the electrodialysis (ED) desalination process. An experimental setup was developed to evaluate the impact of PEF parameters, such as frequency and duty cycle, on the removal of major seawater ions (Na⁺, Mg2⁺, Ca2⁺, K⁺, Cl−, and SO₄2−). And the influence of varying frequencies (0.9 kHz to 2 kHz) on ion removal rates, total dissolved salts (TDS), conductivity, pH, and energy consumption was evaluated. The results demonstrate that higher frequencies (1.85–2 kHz) significantly improve the removal rates of sodium and sulfate ions, achieving up to 90% removal, respectively. TDS concentration was reduced from 50,000 ppm to as low as 1000 ppm, indicating the potential of PEF-enhanced ED for efficient desalination. The analysis reveals an inverse relationship between salt concentration and electrical resistance, highlighting the need to optimize PEF parameters to leverage conductivity changes. Stable pH values and reduced water hardness further confirm the water quality improvements achieved through the PEF-enhanced ED process. The application of (PEF) in the ED process resulted in up to a 30% reduction in energy consumption and an 80% decrease in (TDS) concentration, from the initial 50,000 ppm to as low as 9912.6 ppm under optimized operating conditions, demonstrating the significant efficiency improvements achieved through this approach. This study provides valuable insights into the optimization of pulsed electric field conditions for enhanced seawater desalination, offering a promising approach to address the challenges associated with conventional desalination technologies.
Mitigating Postoperative Fistula Risks in Laparoscopic Pancreatic Enucleation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Lin , Li Xuechuan , Liu Ke , Wu Wenguang , Li Maolan , Liu Yingbin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Pancreatic enucleation is a reliable surgical method for treating benign and borderline pancreatic tumors; however, the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is high, especially when the tumor is close to the main pancreatic duct. This study aimed to reduce the incidence of pancreatic fistula by preoperative placement of pancreatic stents and to summarize our center's experience with this procedure.

Methods
From June 2020 to July 2023, patients diagnosed with benign or borderline pancreatic tumors at Renji Hospital were included. The pancreatic duct stent is placed through endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography on the day of surgery or 1 day before surgery. The effectiveness of preoperative pancreatic stent placement in reducing pancreatic fistula was investigated by comparing the incidence of perioperative and postoperative complications.

Results
Overall, 63 patients were included in the study, 41 of whom had preoperative pancreatic stents. Multivariate logistic regression showed that tumors located in proximity to the main pancreatic duct (≤ 2 mm) (odds ratio [OR] 5.58, p = 0.020) is an independent risk factor for pancreatic fistula, while preoperative stent placement (OR 0.23, p = 0.021) significantly reduces the occurrence of pancreatic fistula. There was no difference in the incidence of grade Ш–IV complications (p = 0.33) and postoperative pancreatitis (p > 0.99) between groups with or without pancreatic stent.

Conclusion
Preoperative placement of pancreatic stents is associated with a lower incidence of pancreatic fistula, especially in patients with tumors adjacent to the main pancreatic duct. Moreover, preoperative pancreatic stents do not increase the incidence of postoperative pancreatitis or grade Ш–IV complications.
SOME ASPECTS OF BREEDING WITH POLEMONIUM CAERULEUM L.
Authors: Hazieva Firdaus M. , Korotkikh Irina N. , Basalaeva Irina V. , Samatadze Tat'yana Е. 
Published: December 2024

Background. Methods of artificial polyploidization are not used enough in medicinal crop production. The use of colchicine causes obvious morphological changes in the obtained P. caeruleum polyploids and changes in the productivity of raw materials and seeds. The research was conducted at the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow region.
Purpose. Based on comparative biological, morphological and economically valuable features of diploid and tetraploid forms of the medicinal plant Polemonium caeruleum L. to identify and evaluate the obtained polyploid forms as a initial material in breeding.
Materials and methods. Polyploid plants of P. caeruleum were obtained for the first time in 2019 [6, 14]. In 2021-2022 (in the 2nd and 3rd year of vegetation) in generation C2, the biological, morphological and economically valuable signs of colchicine-induced tetraploid plants were studied. The control (initial form) is the cultivated variety "Lazur".
Results. For the first time, an assessment of the economic, biological and morphological parameters of the initial material of the medicinal culture of P. caeruleum obtained on the basis of colchicine-induced tetraploid plants is given. The economic and biological indicators of the initial material are higher than in the control: in terms of the yield of raw materials (rhizomes with roots) - by 21-52% and in terms of seed yield - by 44-53%. In terms of the amount of triterpene saponins in terms of β-escin, tetraploid plants met the requirements of the pharmacopoeia article (at least 10 %). The highest content of biologically active substances exceeded the control by 14-15 %.
Biometric and descriptive data were also obtained on the height, size and shape of inflorescences and leaves, stem thickness, color of plant parts, including the severity of anthocyanin staining. These distinctive morphological characteristics are easily identified and can be used for a preliminary assessment of the putative polyploid forms of P. caeruleum. Tetraploid plants have numerous shoots with anthocyanin-colored stems of greater thickness than those of control plants. The study of morphological features showed that colchicine-induced plants are stunted – up to 86% lower than control plants. The inflorescences are also smaller in size, but more dense and branched than in the control. The leaves of tetraploids are larger, have a dark green color of the leaf blade. The excess over the control in the length of the stem leaves was 12-32 %, in the width of the leaves – 7-25 %. Fewer seeds were formed, but they were larger. The weight of 1000 seeds increased by 5.5 % compared to the control.
Conclusion. As a result of research on a complex of biomorphological and economic and biological signs, promising numbers of P. caeruleum have been identified for further breeding work. The results of the study are relevant for the creation of new highly productive varieties of the P. caeruleum medicinal culture.
Interactive anatomy notebook "Spinal Cord"
Authors: Yalunin Nikolay Viktorovich , Shestakova Anastasia Alexandrovna , Ushakov Alexey Alexandrovich , Spirina Galina Alekseevna , Ganbarova Suzanna Ibragimovna , Seidova Zeinab Azerovna , Talanova Anna Alekseevna 
Published: December 2024

Human anatomy is the first fundamental science in the medical education system, which forms the basic knowledge for the subsequent study of all clinical disciplines. The Federal State educational standard of higher education in the specialties "Pediatrics", "Medicine" not only puts anatomy in a leading place among the disciplines of the medical and biological cycle, but also emphasizes the importance of anatomy for all disciplines of professional orientation
The interactive workbook for practical classes in human anatomy has been developed in accordance with the work program of the discipline provided for in the curriculum for students in the areas of "Medicine" and "Pediatrics".
The interactive notebook presents the main questions on the anatomy of the spinal cord, namely: the external structure, the structure of gray and white matter, as well as situational tasks. The relevance of the reviewed notebook is due to the fact that in the first years of study at the medical university, anatomy is a fundamental subject. The study of anatomy with a clinical focus, that is, subject-oriented to clinical disciplines, is one of the main tasks of this work.
The educational and methodological manual meets the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for the level of training "Medicine" and "Pediatrics" and can be recommended for publication and use in the educational process.