bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between illness perception, fear of progression and quality of life in interstitial lung disease patients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Liu Qing‐wei , Qin Tong , Hu Bo , Zhao Ya‐ling , Zhu Xiu‐li 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study aimed to investigate whether fear of progression mediates the association between illness perception and quality of life among interstitial lung disease patients.BackgroundSo far, the physiological treatment of interstitial lung disease is limited. In addition to immunosuppressants such as glucocorticoids, two anti‐fibrosis drugs (pirfenidone and nintedanib) have shown moderately beneficial effects on slowing the progression of interstitial lung disease fibrosis. However, none of these drugs has shown reliable or strong beneficial effects on improving quality of life. Psychological care and mental health support strategies focusing on improving patients' quality of life are particularly important.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsA convenience sample of patients suffering from interstitial lung disease were enrolled from August to December 2019. Data including sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, illness perception, fear of progression and quality of life were collected. The descriptive analysis and Pearson correlations were analysed by SPSS 26.0 (IBM Corp.). PROCESS v3.4 (by Andrew F. Hayes) macro was applied to analyse the mediating effects. We used the STROBE checklist to report the results.ResultsBoth illness perception and fear of progression were correlated with quality of life. Fear of progression mediated the association between illness perception and quality of life. The indirect effect was 0.121, and the proportion of intermediary effect in the main effect was 26.36%.ConclusionInterstitial lung disease patients experience relatively poor quality of life and fear of progression exerts a mediating role between illness perception and quality of life.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study alerts medical staff to pay attention to negative illness perception and excessive fear, which is helpful to formulate effective interventions to manage interstitial lung disease patients' quality of life.
Personality traits relate to chronotype at both the phenotypic and genetic level
Authors: Lenneis Anita , Vainik Uku , Teder‐Laving Maris , Ausmees Liisi , Lemola Sakari , Allik Jüri , Realo Anu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionDiurnal preferences have been linked to personality but often with mixed results. The present study examines the relationships between sleep timing (chronotype), diurnal preferences, and the Five‐Factor Model of personality traits at the phenotypic and genetic level.MethodsSelf‐ and informant‐reports of the NEO Personality Inventory‐3, self‐reports of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, and DNA samples were available for 2,515 Estonian adults (Mage = 45.76 years; 59% females). Genetic correlations were obtained through summary statistics of genome‐wide association studies.ResultsResults showed that higher Conscientiousness and lower Openness to Experience were significant predictors of earlier chronotype. At the level of facets, we found that more straightforward (A2) and excitement‐seeking (E5), yet less self‐disciplined (C5) people were more likely to have later chronotypes. The nuance‐level Polypersonality score was correlated with chronotype at r = .28 (p < .001). Conscientiousness and Openness were genetically related with diurnal preferences. The polygenic score for morningness–eveningness significantly predicted the Polypersonality score.ConclusionPhenotypic measures of chronotype and personality showed significant associations at all three of levels of the personality hierarchy. Our findings indicate that the relationship between personality and morningness–eveningness is partly due to genetic factors. Future studies are necessary to further refine the relationship.
Evidence for the additive effects of dispositional negative mood regulation expectancies and placebo‐induced expectancies on mood recovery
Authors: Bailey Veronika S. , Brown Christina M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveLow negative mood regulation expectancies (NMRE) are associated with greater anticipated and experienced negative mood states, as well as with coping strategies that prolong these states. Individuals with low NMRE may be especially responsive to placebos because confidence in an external source of mood improvement can provide the positive mood expectancies and motivation for active coping that they typically lack. This study investigated how NMRE and placebo‐induced expectancies contribute to mood recovery.MethodParticipants (N = 125) completed personality scales, including NMRE, online. During a subsequent in‐person session, participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) placebo treatment—participants learned of a mood‐enhancing treatment and received it; (2) treatment deprivation—participants learned of the same treatment, but did not receive it; (3) control—treatment was never mentioned. Participants also completed measures of mood, active coping, and expectations.ResultsNMRE was a stronger predictor of mood recovery than placebo‐induced expectancies regardless of group assignment. Additionally, pessimistic expectations arose when participants believed treatment was being deprived, and these participants exhibited the least active coping.ConclusionOur results confirm the reliability of NMRE in predicting affective outcomes and suggest that personality and placebo‐induced expectations have additive effects on mood recovery.
Between Promise and Ecstasy: Hope as a Subject of an Engaged Theology
Authors: von Sass Hartmut 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article outlines a socially‐engaged theology that retrieves hope as an essential theological concept. The argument focuses not so much on the specific orientation that a socially engaged theology might take, but more on its motives. Here two notions of hope need to be distinguished: the hope that is future‐oriented (hoping that . . .) and the act of hoping as a mode of being in the world (to live in hope or hopefully). The first type of hope is derivative of the second, which means that the act of hoping acquires a hermeneutical privilege over the hope directed to the future. Furthermore, the distinction between ‘hoping that . . .’ and ‘living in hope’ highlights the difference between—with St. Paul—the old person and the new person who understands everything in a new light. This difference is articulated in terms of a productive dissatisfaction rooted in a life lived by faith by hope. Hope thereby turns faith into an ecstatic stance. It is this ecstasy endowed by hope that joins faith—and theology as faith’s companion—to dedicated engagement with the world.
Effect of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on visceral fat: A systemic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Khalafi Mousa , Malandish Abbas , Rosenkranz Sara K. , Ravasi Ali A. 
Published: May 2021

SummaryWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the effect of resistance training (RT) with and without caloric restriction (CR) on visceral fat (VF). PubMed and Scopus were searched to identify original articles published through December 2020. Standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined, and separate analyses were conducted for RT versus control, and RT plus CR versus CR only. Thirty‐four studies including 38 intervention arms and involving 2285 were included in the meta‐analysis. RT effectively reduced VF [−24 (95% CI −0.34 to −0.13), p < 0.001; I2 = 4.17%, p = 0.40; 24 intervention arms] when compared with control. Based on subgroup analyses, reduction in VF was significant for individual with (p = 0.04) and without (p < 0.001) obesity as well as across medium‐term (p = 0.001) and long‐term (p = 0.002) interventions. Reduction in VF was significant for both middle‐age (p = 0.03) and elderly (p = 0.001) adults but was not significant for pediatric (p = 0.08) participants. However, RT plus CR did not indicate superiority effect on VF [0.23 95% CI −0.04 to 0.51, p = 0.09; I2 = 58.76%, p = 0.003; 14 intervention arms] when compared with CR only. Our results confirm that RT may be effective for reducing VF, but adding RT with CR was not associated with a greater effect for reducing VF.
Competition Between Cα‐S and Cα‐Cβ Bond Cleavage in β‐Hydroxysulfoxides Cation Radicals Generated by Photoinduced Electron Transfer†
Authors: Lapi Andrea , D'Alfonso Claudio , Del Giacco Tiziana , Lanzalunga Osvaldo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA kinetic and product study of the 3‐cyano‐N‐methyl‐quinolinium photoinduced monoelectronic oxidation of a series of β‐hydroxysulfoxides has been carried out to investigate the competition between Cα‐S and Cα‐Cβ bond cleavage within the corresponding cation radicals. Laser flash photolysis experiments unequivocally established the formation of sulfoxide cation radicals showing their absorption band (λ
max ≈ 520 nm) and that of 3‐CN‐NMQ• (λ
max ≈ 390 nm). Steady‐state photolysis experiments suggest that, in contrast to what previously observed for alkyl phenyl sulfoxide cation radicals that exclusively undergo Cα‐S bond cleavage, the presence of a β‐hydroxy group makes, in some cases, the Cα‐Cβ scission competitive. The factors governing this competition seem to depend on the relative stability of the fragments formed from the two bond scissions. Substitution of the β‐OH group with ‐OMe did not dramatically change the reactivity pattern of the cation radicals thus suggesting that the observed favorable effect of the hydroxy group on the Cα‐Cβ bond cleavage mainly resides on its capability to stabilize the carbocation formed upon this scission.
Risk Science in Higher Education: The Current and Future Role of Risk Science in the University Curriculum
Authors: Thekdi Shital A. , Aven Terje 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRisk and uncertainty are critical elements for decision making across fields, such as business, policy, engineering, and healthcare. As universities maintain and adapt curriculums to ensure their graduates are prepared for risk‐related roles, there is momentum for risk science to be included in the curriculum. The study of risk science can be observed in programs devoted to risk fundamentals (for example on basic concepts like risk and probability) and risk assessment, risk perception and communication, and risk management and governance. Additionally, selected concepts related to risk science, such as safety and resilience analysis and management, are increasingly being embedded into a broader range of university curriculums. The present article presents a structure for classifying these programs, by distinguishing between generic (fundamental) risk science and applied risk science, with subcategories reflecting both subject (topic) and domain (application area). An overall evaluation of the broad offerings in risk science through devoted curriculums and selected topics within other specialized fields is conducted on the basis of the study programs currently offered. Perspectives are also provided on how to further enhance risk science studies at our universities and colleges.
Designed and created for a veteran by a veteran: A pilot study of caring cards for suicide prevention
Authors: Ehret Blaire C. , Treichler Emily B. H. , Ehret Phillip J. , Chalker Samantha A. , Depp Colin A. , Perivoliotis Dimitri 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis pilot study investigates feasibility and acceptability of Caring Cards, a suicide prevention intervention inspired by Caring Contacts and the Recovery Model, where Veteran peers create cards that are sent to Veterans recently discharged from a VA psychiatric hospitalization for suicide risk.MethodsCaring Cards consists of: (1) a weekly outpatient group where Veterans (card makers) create cards, and (2) sending cards to recently discharged Veterans (card recipients). Feasibility for card makers was measured by attendance; acceptability (satisfaction) was examined. Card recipients were sent one caring card, one week post‐discharge. Feasibility for recipients was measured by the percentage of Veterans that met eligibility and follow‐up response rate; acceptability (satisfaction) was examined.ResultsCaring Cards is feasible and acceptable. The outpatient group had a higher attendance rate (81%) compared with other clinic groups. The percentage of eligible card recipients was 61%. Of these, 69% were reached for follow‐up and 50% provided follow‐up responses. Card makers and recipients both expressed positive experiences with Caring Cards.ConclusionCaring Cards is a low‐intensity, feasible, and acceptable intervention with potential benefits for both Veteran card makers and recipients. Additional research is needed to determine the efficacy of Caring Cards as a suicide prevention intervention.
Serological screening and genetic analysis ofRhCEvariants in the Chinese Southern Han donors
Authors: Jia Shuangshuang , Chen Jingwang , Wen Jizhi , Wang Zhen , Wei Ling , Fu Yongshui , Luo Guangping , Ji Yanli 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo screen RhCE variants in the Chinese Southern Han donors for molecular genetic analysis.BackgroundMore than hundreds of RhCE variant alleles have been described to resulting in weak and/or partial expression of RhCE antigens, generation of low‐prevalence antigens and/or absence of a high‐prevalence antigen of Rh system, which mainly reported in the people of African origin. In this study, the serological screening and molecular genetic analysis of RhCE variants were performed in the Chinese Southern Han donors.MethodsThe blood samples of E(+) donors were preliminarily collected. Then, RhCE antigens of the E(+) samples were further typed by using two sets of monoclonal anti‐C, anti‐c, anti‐e and another anti‐E. When weak expression of RhCE antigens was found, direct sequencing for 10 exons ofRHCEgene,RHgenotyping analysis by using multiplex ligation–dependent probe amplification, flow cytometric analysis and even cDNA sequencing were performed.ResultsA total of 4487 E(+) samples were collected and four samples with weak expression of antigens were detected.RHCE*Ce375GandRHCE*Ce667Tvariant alleles were identified in two samples with weak expression of e antigen, respectively. But no variant alleles were found in another two samples with weak expression of C antigen.ConclusionThe variantRHCE*Ce375Gvalidated by mRNA sequencing and the deducedRHCE*Ce667Talleles were firstly identified in the Chinese population. TheDCEhaplotype might account for the weak expression of C antigen in two donors.
Oral administration of angiotensin‐(1–7) decreases muscle damage and prevents the fibrosis in rats after eccentric exercise
Authors: Totou Nádia Lúcia , de Moura Samara Silva , Martins Júnior Francisco de Assis Dias , de Sousa Frederico Barros , Coelho Daniel Barbosa , de Oliveira Emerson Cruz , dos Santos Robson Augusto Souza , Becker Lenice Kappes , de Lima Wanderson Geraldo 
Published: May 2021

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Eccentric contraction exercises cause damage to muscle fibres and induce inflammatory responses. The exacerbation of this process can induce deposition of fibrous connective tissue, leading to decreased muscle function. The aim of this study was to examine the role of angiotensin‐(1–7) in this context.
What is the main finding and its importance?
Our results show that oral treatment with angiotensin‐(1–7) decreases muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise, reducing inflammation and fibrosis in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. This study shows a potential effect of angiotensin‐(1–7) for the prevention of muscle injuries induced by physical exercise.
AbstractEccentric contraction exercises cause damage to the muscle fibres and induce an inflammatory reaction. The protective effect of angiotensin‐(1–7) [Ang‐(1–7)] in skeletal muscle has led us to examine the role of this peptide in modifying processes associated with inflammation and fibrogenesis induced by eccentric exercise. In this study, we sought to investigate the effects of oral administration of Ang‐(1–7) formulated in hydroxypropyl β‐cyclodextrin (HPβ‐CD) in prevention and treatment of muscle damage after downhill running. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (untreated and not exercised; n = 10); treated/exercised HPβ‐CD Ang‐(1–7) (n = 40); and treated/exercised HPβ‐CD (n = 40). Exercised groups were subjected to a single eccentric contraction exercise session on a treadmill inclined to −13° at a constant speed of 20 m/min, for 60 min. Oral administration of HPβ‐CD Ang‐(1–7) and HPβ‐CD was performed 3 h before the exercise protocol and daily as a single dose, until the end of the experiment. Samples were collected 4, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after the exercise session. The animals treated with the Ang‐(1–7) showed lower levels of creatine kinase, lower levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α in soleus muscle and increased levels of interleukin‐10 cytokines. The inflammatory cells and deposition of fibrous connective tissue in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles were lower in the group treated with Ang‐(1–7). The results of this study show that treatment with an oral formulation of Ang‐(1–7) enhances the process of repair of muscle injury induced by eccentric exercise.
Influence of Omitted Variables in Consumer Choice Models on Engineering Design Optimization Solutions
Authors: Gowharji Waleed , Whitefoot Kate S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper examines the impact of omitted variable bias (OVB) within consumer choice models on engineering design optimization solutions. Engineering products often have a multitude of attributes that influence consumers’ purchasing decisions, many of which are difficult to include in revealed-preference models due to a lack of data. Correlations among these omitted variables and product attributes included in the model can bias demand parameter estimates. However, engineering design optimization studies typically do not account for this bias. We examine the influence consumer choice OVB can have on design optimization results. We first mathematically derive how OVB propagates into optimal design solutions and characterize properties of optimization problems that affect the magnitude of the resulting error in solutions. We then demonstrate the impact of OVB on optimal designs using a case study of automotive powertrain design optimization. In the case study, we estimate two sets of choice models: one using only “typically observed” vehicle attributes commonly found in the literature, and one with an additional set of “typically unobserved” attributes gathered from Edmunds.com. We find that the model with omitted variables leads to, in some scenarios, substantial bias in parameter estimates (5–143%), which propagates up to 21% error in the optimal engine size.
Improvements of predictive power of B-type natriuretic peptide on admission by mathematically estimating its discharge levels in hospitalised patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Anegawa Eiji , Takahama Hiroyuki , Nishimura Kunihiro , Onozuka Daisuke , Irie Yuki , Moriuchi Kenji , Amano Masashi , Okada Atsushi , Amaki Makoto , Kanzaki Hideaki , Noguchi Teruo , Kusano Kengo , Yasuda Satoshi , Izumi Chisato 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundsEarlier studies showed that in patients with heart failure (HF), circulating levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) at hospital discharge (BNPdis) are more predictive of prognosis than BNP levels on admission (BNPad). However, the mechanism underlying that difference has not been fully elucidated. We examined the association between confounding factors during hospitalisation and BNPdisin patients with HF.MethodsWe identified patients admitted to our hospital for HF (BNPad≥100 pg/mL). Estimated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (eLVEDP) was calculated using echocardiographic data. To identify the factors associated with the relation between BNPadand BNPdis, we performed a stepwise regression analysis of retrospective data. To validate that analysis, we performed a prospective study.ResultsThrough stepwise regression of the patient data (n=688, New York Heart Association 3–4, 88%), we found age, blood urea nitrogen and eLVEDP to be significantly (p<0.05) associated with BNPdis. Through multivariate analysis after accounting for these factors, we created a formula for predicting BNP levels at discharge (predicted-BNPdis) from BNPadand other parameters measured at admission (p<0.05). By statistically adjusting for these factors, the prognostic power of BNPadwas significantly improved (p<0.001). The prospective study also confirmed the strong correlation betweenpredicted-BNPdisand BNPdis(n=104, r=0.625, p<0.05).ConclusionThis study showed that statistically accounting for confounding factors affecting BNP levels improves the predictive power of BNP levels measured at the time of hospital admission, suggesting that these confounding factors are associated with lowering predictive power of BNP on admission.Trial registration numberUMIN 000034409, 00035428.
Sex differences in mortality in stable patients undergoing vasodilator stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Authors: Miñana Gema , Núñez Julio , Monmeneu Jose V , López-Lereu Maria P , Gavara Jose , Marcos-Garcés Víctor , Ríos-Navarro Cesar , Pérez Nerea , de Dios Elena , Fernández-Cisnal Agustín , Núñez Eduardo , Chorro Francisco J , Sanchis Juan , Bodi Vicente 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveWe assessed the influence of the ischaemic burden (IB) as derived from vasodilator stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) on the risk of death and the effect of revascularisation across sex.MethodsWe evaluated 6237 consecutive patients with known or suspected chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). Extensive ischaemia was defined as >5 segments with perfusion deficit. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used.ResultsA total of 2371 (38.0%) patients were women and 583 (9.3%) underwent CMR-related revascularisation. During a median follow-up of 5.13 years, 687 (11.0%) deaths were reported. We found an adjusted differential effect of CMR-derived IB across sex (p value for interaction=0.039). Women exhibited an adjusted lower risk of death and only equaled men’s risk when extensive ischaemia was present. Likewise, CMR-related revascularisation was shown to be differentially associated with the risk of mortality across sex (p value for interaction=0.025). In patients with non-extensive ischaemia, revascularisation was associated with a higher risk of death, with a greater extent in women. At higher IB, revascularisation was associated with a lower risk in men, with more uncertain results in women.ConclusionsCMR-derived IB allows predicting the risk of death and gives insight into the potential effect of revascularisation in men and women with CCS. Compared with men, women with non-extensive ischaemia displayed a lower risk and a similar risk with a higher IB. The impact of CMR-related revascularisation on mortality risk was also significantly different according to IB and sex. Further research will be needed to confirm these hypothesis-generating findings.