bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical features of the canine C2-C3 spinal cord vascular environment
Authors: Taroni Mathieu , Saban Charles , Baldinger Arnaud , Blondel Margaux , Marchal Thierry , Viguier Eric , Cachon Thibaut , Carozzo Claude , Moissonnier Pierre 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Interarcuate branch (IAB) is a vascular structure, particularly developed in C2-3 intervertebral space, forming a dorsal bridge that connects ventral venous plexi in the vertebral canal. While precisely described in the human, the precise anatomical features of IABs have not been reported in the veterinary literature. The purpose of this study is to describe the features and relations of IABs in the C2-3 vertebral canal.

ANIMALS
10 dogs were enrolled; 5 dogs for necropsy and 5 dogs for histology.

PROCEDURES
The ventral venous plexi in the cervical spine of 5 dogs were injected with latex and underwent vertebral canal dissection for visual assessment of the IAB. Two out of 5 dogs were injected with the addition of barium sulfate and underwent a CT scan. The C2-3 regions of 5 small-breed dogs were harvested for histological examinations.

RESULTS
IABs arose from the ventral venous plexus at the level of the intervertebral vein; they originated from 2 separate branches located caudally and cranially to the intervertebral foramen, forming a ventrodorsal triangle surrounding the spinal nerve root. No dorsal anastomosis was observed on the CT scan nor at dissection but were observed histologically. A cervical fibrous sheath was observed all around the vertebral canal.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
IABs are voluminous venous structures at the C2-3 intervertebral space in dogs and found within a split of the cervical fibrous sheath, which is adherent to the interarcuate ligament and the ligamentum flavum. This anatomical description is paramount when planning an approach to the C2-3 intervertebral space.
A simple theoretical approach to converging of Myoglobin-Assay with different pH values
Authors: Gülcü Özgehan Cansu , Üstün Elvan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Many metal carbonyl complexes have been synthesized and analyzed as CO-releasing agents. As in many bioactivity assays, differences between in-vitro and in-vivo studies in Myoglobin Assay have been observed. Adjustment of in-vitro conditions to in-vivo conditions is one way to overcoming this problem. Changing the conditions of each in-vivo assay is not possible considering the available grant, material, and labor facilities. In-silico methods are suitable as they provide better in-vitro conditions before experimental procedures. A method which is easy to employ on a basic computer could be more suitable to observe the assay convergence. In this study, global reactivity descriptors were used as an approach to investigate pH differences in myoglobin assay. Global reactivity descriptors of the molecules were compared with myoglobin assay results at different pH values and molecular docking results performed with optimized molecules in different solvents. The following complexes were studied: [Mn(CO)3(bpy)(L)]PF6 (bpy: 2,2-bipyridyl, L: benzylbenzimidazole, 4-chlorobenzylbenzimidazole).
COVID-19 Confirmed Cases Prediction in China Based on Barnacles Mating Optimizer-Least Squares Support Vector Machines
Authors: Mustaffa Zuriani , Sulaiman Mohd Herwan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Covid19 has significantly changed the global landscape in every aspect including economy, social life, and many others. After almost two years of living with the pandemic, new challenges are faced by the research community. It may take some time before the world can be declared as totally safe from the virus. Therefore, prediction of Covid19 confirmed cases is vital for the sake of proper prevention and precaution steps. In this study, a hybrid Barnacles Mating Optimizer with Least Square Support Vector Machines (BMO-LSSVM) is proposed for prediction of Covid19 confirmed cases. The employed data are the Covid19 cases in China which are defined in daily periodicity. The BMO was utilized to obtain optimal values of LSSVM hyper-parameters. Later, with the optimized values of the hyper-parameters, the prediction task will be executed by LSSVM. Through the experiments, the study recommends the superiority of BMO-LSSVM over the other identified hybrid algorithms.
A Three-Tier Authentication Scheme for Kerberized Hadoop Environment
Authors: Hena M. , Jeyanthi N. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Apache Hadoop answers the quest of handling Bigdata for most organizations. It offers distributed storage and data analysis via Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and Map-Reduce frameworks. Hadoop depends on third-party security providers like Kerberos for its security requirements. Kerberos by itself comes with many security loopholes like Single point of Failure (SoF), Dictionary Attacks, Time Synchronization and Insider Attacks. This paper suggests a solution that aims to eradicate the security issues in the Hadoop Cluster with a focus on Dictionary Attacks and Single Point of Failure. The scheme roots on Secure Remote Password Protocol, Blockchain Technology and Threshold Cryptography. Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance mechanism (PBFT) is deployed at the blockchain as the consensus mechanism. The proposed scheme outperforms many of the existing schemes in terms of computational overhead and storage requirements without compromising the security level offered by the system. Riverbed Modeller (AE) Simulation results strengthen the aforesaid claims.
Profitability Analysis of Small and Medium Scale Salt Enterprises, Misamis Oriental, Philippines
Authors: Delos Reyes Julieta A. , Lat Abigail T. , Reodica Tyrone Jasper I. , Manalo Christine Joy B. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The study analyzed the profitability of small and medium scale salt enterprises in Alubijid and El Salvador City, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. It determined salt production practices; assessed the profitability of salt production; and identified the problems encountered in salt production. Forty-two salt producers in the area were personally interviewed using a pre-tested interview schedule. Descriptive and cost and returns analysis, rate of return on investment (ROI), and ANOVA were employed. Results revealed that the production practices of the salt producers are dictated by the flooring materials of salt beds and the type and volume of salt produced were highly dependent on the flooring materials and on weather. It was concluded that salt production is a profitable enterprise and the salt beds with transparent polyethylene plastic as flooring material were the most profitable, despite having the most labor-intensive production process. Recommendations include usage of transparent polyethylene plastic as flooring material and teaching appropriate technology for seawater filtration to address the problem on degraded quality of seawater with the local government unit (LGU) taking the lead. Also, a soft loan program be put up for buying flooring materials so that more members of the lakeshore community can engage in the salt making.
FILE TRANSFER ФУНКЦИОНАЛНОСТ DNP3 ПРОТОКОЛА И ЊЕГОВА ПРИМЕНА У DSCADA СОФТВЕРСКОМ СИСТЕМУ
Authors: Васиљевић Немања 
Published: December 2021

У овом раду описан је DNP3 про­токол и његова конкретна имплементација у dSCADA софтверском систему са нагласком на пренос дато­тека (File transfer), функционалност коју, као опцију, имају само протоколи новије генерације. У самом стандарду, конкретна примена File transfer-а није специфично описана и дефинисана, што омогућава разноврсну примену ове функционалности у реалном раду. Једна од могућих примена је описана у овом раду, која омогућује упис специфичних догађаја који су се десили у процесном систему и аквизицију истих путем File transfer-a, чиме се омогућује накнадна детаљна анализа тих догађаја.
SISTEM ZA DISTRIBUIRANU DETEKCIJU PLAGIJARIZMA
Authors: Tarjan Tamaš 
Published: December 2021

U radu je predstavljen sistem za distribuiranu detekciju plagijarizma. Sistem nudi centralizovani pristup distribuiranim čvorovima koji su prilagođeni protokolu za distribuiranu proveru plagijarizma. U ovom radu je dat opis navedenog protokola. Distribuirani čvorovi imaju mogućnost da se priključe u sistem pomoću registra servisa. Prilikom registracije čvora u sistem, izvršava se osnovna provera poštovanja protokola simulirajući očekivani tok komunikacije između datog čvora i sistema. Svaki čvor ima svoje skladište za digitalne dokumente. Dokumenti nisu deljeni između članova sistema.
Experimental Comparison of Autograft and DBM Flex (Grafton) for Spinal Lumbar Fusion in Rabbits
Authors: DEMİREL Cem , TÜRKÖZ Dursun , YİLMAZ Tuncay 
Published: December 2021

Aim: The choice of graft materials used for spinal fusion possesses a great importance due to their crucial roles in bone remodelling. Autogenous bone grafts are known as the "gold standard" in spinal fusion surgeries. Studies on synthetic graft materials that can be used instead of autogenous bone grafts have gained importance in recent years. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of demineralized bone matrix and autograft in the rabbit spinal lumbar fusion (SLF) model.
Methods: Twenty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups and underwent SLF by using either iliac crest autologous bone graft (Autograft, n=10) or DBM Flex (Grafton, n=10). Eight-weeks after surgery, animals were sacrificed and spinal fusion was evaluated by computerized tomography (CT), manual palpation, macroscopic analyses, and histological assessments.
Results: CT results revealed that autograft led to significantly higher fusion scores than DBM Flex (p=0.0004). Mobility was significantly lower in autograft group (p=0.0007). Significantly lower bone formation scores were observed in DBM Flex group compared to autograft group (p
Экстремальная функция интерполяционных формул в пространстве W2(2,0)
Authors: Boltaev A.K. , Shadimetov Kh.M. , Nuraliev F.A. 
Published: December 2021

One of the main problems of computational mathematics is the optimization of computational methods in functional spaces. Optimization of computational methods are well demonstrated in the problems of the theory of interpolation formulas. In this paper, we study the problem of constructing an optimal interpolation formula in a Hilbert space. Here, using the Sobolev method, the first part of the problem is solved, i.e., an explicit expression of the square of the norm of the error functional of the optimal interpolation formulas in the Hilbert space W2(2,0) is found.
Одна из основных проблем вычислительной математики — оптимизация вычислительных методов в функциональных пространствах. Оптимизация вычислительных методов хорошо проявляется в задачах теории интерполяционных формул. В данной статье исследуется проблема построения оптимальной интерполяционной формулы в гильбертовом пространстве. Здесь с помощью метода Соболева решается первая часть задачи — явное выражение квадрата нормы функционала погрешности оптимальных интерполяционных формул в гильбертовом пространстве W2(2,0) .
On an analogue of the Tricomi problem for a «pointwise» loaded hyperbolic-parabolic equation
Authors: Хубиев К.У. 
Published: December 2021

Для нагруженного уравнения гиперболо-параболического типа исследуется однозначная разрешимость аналога задача Трикоми. Нагрузка определена в фиксированных точках области искомых решений, в том числе и во внутренних точках. Найдены условия существования и единственности регулярного решения задачи.
The unique solvability of an analogue of the Tricomi problem is investigated for a loaded hyperbolic-parabolic equation. The load is determined at boundary and interior fixed points of the domain in which the solutions are sought. Sufficient conditions are found for the existence and uniqueness of solutions.
Impact of Credit Risk on Financial Performance: Mediating Role of Operational Efficiency in Banking Sector of Emerging Economy
Authors: Husnain Muhammad , Khan Qaisar Maqbool , Ahmad Mumtaz , Zainab  
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Financial performance of banks is an estimation of how better a company can use its assets for generating profits. Mostly the performance of banks is affected by modernization of financial system, technological advancements and deregulation. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of operational efficiency in relationship between credit risk and financial performance of banks.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The research sample is 29 banks of Pakistan. Data for the study is collected from the published financial statements of banks ranges from 2011 to 2018. The data analysis technique used in this study is simple mediation analysis in structure equation modeling.
Findings: The results reflect that operational efficiency partially significantly and inversely mediates the relationship of credit risk with financial performance.
Implications/Originality/Value: One the basis of results it can be suggested that managers need to utilize their deposits carefully and should take more precautionary measures while granting loans. Managers and employees should maintain a better relationship and align their goals with the banks.
Diagnostic and the surgical treatment tactics in the rectal mucosa prolapse with the anal sphincter insufficiency
Authors: Imanova S. S. 
Published: December 2021

Objective. To improve the results of diagnosis and surgical treatment of rectal mucosa prolapse, complicated by the anal sphincter insufficiency.
Materials and methods. Analysis of the diagnosis and surgical treatment results in the rectal mucosa prolapse with the anal sphincter insufficiency was done in 23 patients, ageing 31 - 65 yrs old and the age median (41.5 ± 1.8) yrs old, of them 17 women-patients.
Results. There was revealed, that most frequently and in mostly progressive forms the rectal mucosa prolapse with the anal sphincter insufficiency occurs in women, aged more than 36 yrs old.
Conclusion. Miniinvasive transanal operations, submucosal injection procedures and sphincteroplasty “end-to-end” were used predominantly, owing less morbidity potency (26.1%), favorable remote functional results - the recurrence rate lowering (4.3%), the fecal incontinence degree lowering (78.6%), and the patients’ quality of life improvement.
Korelasi Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif dengan Nilai UKMPPD CBT Periode November 2018 – Agustus 2019 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau
Authors: Rezki Rahmat , Firdaus Firdaus , Asni Enikarmila 
Published: December 2021

Academic achievement is an indication level of learning effort by someone. One of them is grade point average (GPA). Some researches showed correlation between GPA and medical competency test. This medical competency test consists of two parts: multiple choice question computer-based test (CBT) and an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). This cross sectional study aimed to determine the correlation of GPA with CBT scores for the period of November 2018 - August 2019 on students of Medical Faculty Riau University. The number of samples in this study were 149 students. GPA assessment were obtained from preclinical and clinical data of GPA. The majority GPA results are included in the value of 2.75-3.49 and have a percentage of 94% (preclinical), 96% (clinical) and 98.7% (combined). CBT score <66 were obtained from 12.8% student while 87,2% students get score ≥ 66. Spearman test showed significant correlation between GPA and CBT scores of students.
Estimating the transmission advantage of the D614G mutant strain of SARS-CoV-2, December 2019 to June 2020
Authors: Leung Kathy , Pei Yao , Leung Gabriel M , Lam Tommy TY , Wu Joseph T 
Published: December 2021

Introduction
The SARS-CoV-2 lineages carrying the amino acid change D614G have become the dominant variants in the global COVID-19 pandemic. By June 2021, all the emerging variants of concern carried the D614G mutation. The rapid spread of the G614 mutant suggests that it may have a transmission advantage over the D614 wildtype.

Aim
Our objective was to estimate the transmission advantage of D614G by integrating phylogenetic and epidemiological analysis.

Methods
We assume that the mutation D614G was the only site of interest which characterised the two cocirculating virus strains by June 2020, but their differential transmissibility might be attributable to a combination of D614G and other mutations. We define the fitness of G614 as the ratio of the basic reproduction number of the strain with G614 to the strain with D614 and applied an epidemiological framework for fitness inference to analyse SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and sequence data.

Results
Using this framework, we estimated that the G614 mutant is 31% (95% credible interval: 28–34) more transmissible than the D614 wildtype. Therefore, interventions that were previously effective in containing or mitigating the D614 wildtype (e.g. in China, Vietnam and Thailand) may be less effective against the G614 mutant.

Conclusion
Our framework can be readily integrated into current SARS-CoV-2 surveillance to monitor the emergence and fitness of mutant strains such that pandemic surveillance, disease control and development of treatment and vaccines can be adjusted dynamically.
Univariable associations between a history of incarceration and HIV and HCV prevalence among people who inject drugs across 17 countries in Europe 2006 to 2020 – is the precautionary principle applicable?
Authors: Wiessing Lucas , Kalamara Eleni , Stone Jack , Altan Peyman , Van Baelen Luk , Fotiou Anastasios , Garcia D’Jamila , Goulao Joao , Guarita Bruno , Hope Vivian , Jauffret-Roustide Marie , Jurgelaitienė Lina , Kåberg Martin , Kamarulzaman Adeeba , Lemsalu Liis , Kivite-Urtane Anda , Kolarić Branko , Montanari Linda , Rosińska Magdalena , Sava Lavinius , Horváth Ilonka , Seyler Thomas , Sypsa Vana , Tarján Anna , Yiasemi Ioanna , Zimmermann Ruth , Ferri Marica , Dolan Kate , Uusküla Anneli , Vickerman Peter 
Published: December 2021

Background
People who inject drugs (PWID) are frequently incarcerated, which is associated with multiple negative health outcomes.

Aim
We aimed to estimate the associations between a history of incarceration and prevalence of HIV and HCV infection among PWID in Europe.

Methods
Aggregate data from PWID recruited in drug services (excluding prison services) or elsewhere in the community were reported by 17 of 30 countries (16 per virus) collaborating in a European drug monitoring system (2006–2020; n = 52,368 HIV+/−; n = 47,268 HCV+/−). Country-specific odds ratios (OR) and prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated from country totals of HIV and HCV antibody status and self-reported life-time incarceration history, and pooled using meta-analyses. Country-specific and overall population attributable risk (PAR) were estimated using pooled PR.

Results
Univariable HIV OR ranged between 0.73 and 6.37 (median: 2.1; pooled OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.52–2.42). Pooled PR was 1.66 (95% CI 1.38–1.98), giving a PAR of 25.8% (95% CI 16.7–34.0). Univariable anti-HCV OR ranged between 1.06 and 5.04 (median: 2.70; pooled OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 2.17–2.91). Pooled PR was 1.42 (95% CI: 1.28–1.58) and PAR 16.7% (95% CI: 11.8–21.7). Subgroup analyses showed differences in the OR for HCV by geographical region, with lower estimates in southern Europe.

Conclusion
In univariable analysis, a history of incarceration was associated with positive HIV and HCV serostatus among PWID in Europe. Applying the precautionary principle would suggest finding alternatives to incarceration of PWID and strengthening health and social services in prison and after release (‘throughcare’).
Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi terhadap Rendemen dan Sifat Fisikokimia VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil).
Authors: Tari Agustina intan Niken , Cahyani Agustina , Asmoro Novian Wely 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is coconut oil that is processed by controlled heating or can be produced without heating (fermentation) so that it does not change the composition or aracteristics of the oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation time on the physical and chemical properties of VCO. This research includes two stages. The first stage is producing VCO based on fermentation time with raw materials such as coconut and tempeh yeast. The second stage performs physical and chemical analysis which includes yield, water content, free fatty acid content and density. This study used a Simple Completely Randomized Design with 1 fermentation time factor (L). There are 4 fermentation times used, namely L1 = 24 hours, L2 = 36 hours, L3 = 48 hours, L4 = 60 hours with 4 replications to obtain 16 experimental units. Further test using DMRT. The results showed that all yields were above 16%. Fermentation time significantly affected the yield, water content, free fatty acid content but had no effect on density. The best results were shown in VCO with 48 hours of fermentation time, namely yield of 21,843%, water content of 0,238%, free fatty acid content of 0,149% and density of 0,892 g/ml.
ABSTRAK
Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) adalah minyak kelapa yang diproses dengan pemanasan yang terkontrol atau dapat dihasilkan tanpa pemanasan (fermentasi) sehingga tidak mengubah komposisi atau karakteristik minyak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh waktu fermentasi terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia pada pembuatan VCO. Penelitian ini meliputi dua tahapan. Tahap pertama memproduksi VCO berdasarkan waktu fermentasi dengan bahan baku berupa kelapa dan ragi tempe. Tahap kedua melakukan analisis fisik dan kimiawi yang meliputi rendemen, kadar air, kadar asam lemak bebas dan densitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan penelitian Acak Lengkap sederhana dengan 1 faktor waktu fermentasi (L). Waktu fermentasi yang digunakan ada 4 yaitu L1 = 24 jam, L2 = 36 jam, L3 = 48 jam, L4 = 60 jam dengan 4 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 16 unit percobaan. Uji lanjut menggunakan DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua rendemen diatas 16%. Waktu fermentasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap rendemen, kadar air, kadar asam lemak bebas namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap densitas. Hasil terbaik ditunjukkan pada VCO dengan perlakuan waktu fermentasi 48 jam, yaitu rendemen 21,843%, kadar air 0,238%, kadar asam lemak bebas 0,149% dan densitas 0,892 g/ml.
QLOBALLAŞAN DÜNYANIN QADIN XARAKTERİNDƏ OYNADIĞI ROL (MÜASİR AZƏRBAYCAN VƏ TÜRKİYƏ HEKAYƏLƏRİ ƏSASINDA)
Authors: ŞƏFİZADƏ Sima 
Published: December 2021

Qlobal düşüncə ənənəsi və nəzəriyyəsi artıq XX əsrin 2-ci yarısından sonra Azərbaycan
və Türkiyə milli ədəbiyyatlarının mahiyyətinə təsir edərək, öz tendensiyasını fərqli ideya-
obrazlar sistemi şəklində nüfuz etməyə başlamışdır. Bu nüfuz özünü ədəbi cərəyanlar, fərqli
üslublar, qərb düşüncəli obrazlar vasitəsilə bəyan etdi. Yeni düşüncə tərzi, gətirdiyi yeniliklərlə
bərabər, ənənəçiliyə qarşı çıxaraq, “yeni dünya insanı” obrazını yaratdı. Bu prosesdə obrazlar
(qadınlar) milli identiklikdən uzaqlaşaraq, türk milli ideologiyasından qaynaqlanan xarakter
cizgilərini itirərək qərb dünyasının qadınına çevrildilər. Azərbaycan yazıçılarından Afaq Məsud,
Azər Qismət, İlqar Fəhmi, Türkiyə yazıçılarından isə Camal Şakar, Buket Uzuner, Ayşe Kulin
hekayələrində məhz bu cür qadınları psixoloji və sosioloji, milli özünüdərk aspektindən əks
etdirməklə, müasir düövrün və ədəbi prosesin aktual predmeti olaraq hekayələrə gətirə
bilmişlər.
BAĞIMSIZLIK DÖNEMİ ÇAĞDAŞ ÖZBEK ŞAİRLERİNDEN AZAM ÖKTEM VE EDEBÎ KİŞİLİĞİ
Authors: KURBANOVA Mukhabbat , KORKMAZ Mustafa 
Published: December 2021

Sanatsal olarak büyük bir mirasa sahip olan ve esas olarak da Çağatay Edebiyatıyla
temellenmiş olan günümüz Özbek Edebiyatı, 1990’lı yıllarda dağılmış olan Sovyetlerin
ardından bağımsızlığını elde etmiş ve bu yıllardan sonra ortaya konulmuş olan ürünlerle de bu
dönem “özgürlük veya bağımsızlık” edebiyatı olarak adlandırılmıştır. Bağımsızlık dönemi
içerisinde şairler tarafından verilen eserlerin ana temasına bakıldığında, toplumda bir millî
uyanışı başlatmak ve Özbek halkını aydınlatmak amacı güdüldüğü görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada
bağımsızlık dönemi Özbek Edebiyatının önemli bir şahsiyeti olan Azam Öktem’in edebî kişiliği
hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir.