bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative and psychometric approaches to evaluate the PROMIS pain interference and sleep disturbance item banks for use in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Becker Brandon , Raymond Kimberly , Hawkes Carol , Foster April Mitchell , Lovley Andrew , Saucier Cory , Rizio Avery A. , Bjorner Jakob Bue , Kosinski Mark 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly experience pain despite the availability of disease-modifying treatments. Sleep disturbances are frequently reported in RA, with pain often a contributing factor. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference and Sleep Disturbance item banks were initially developed to provide insights into the patient experience of pain and sleep, respectively, though they were not specifically intended for use in RA populations. This study evaluated the content validity of the PROMIS Pain Interference and Sleep Disturbance item banks in RA and identified relevant content for short forms for patients with RA that achieved high measurement precision across a broad range of health.

Methods
A qualitative approach consisting of hybrid concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing interviews was used to evaluate the content validity of the item banks in RA. Interviews were semi-structured and open-ended, allowing a range of concepts and responses to be captured. Findings from the qualitative interviews were used to select the most relevant items for the short forms, and psychometric evaluation, using existing item-response theory (IRT) item parameters, was used to evaluate the marginal reliability and measurement precision of the short forms across the range of the latent variables (i.e. pain interference and sleep disturbance).

Results
Thirty-two participants were interviewed. Participants reported that RA-related pain and sleep disturbances have substantial impacts on their daily lives, particularly with physical functioning. The PROMIS Pain Interference and Sleep Disturbance item banks were easy to understand and mostly relevant to their RA experiences, and the 7-day recall period was deemed appropriate. Qualitative and IRT-based approaches identified short forms for Pain Interference (11 items) and Sleep Disturbance (7 items) that had high relevance and measurement precision, with good coverage of the concepts identified by participants during concept elicitation.

Conclusion
Pain and sleep disturbances affect many aspects of daily life in patients with RA and should be considered when novel treatments are developed. This study supports the use of the PROMIS Pain Interference and Sleep Disturbance item banks in RA, and the short forms developed herein have the potential to be used in clinical studies of RA.
Multicup reconstruction technique for the management of severe protrusio acetabular defects
Authors: Ji Baochao , Li Guoqing , Zhang Xiaogang , Wang Yang , Mu Wenbo , Cao Li 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
In revision hip arthroplasty, managing the large protrusio acetabular defects remains a challenge. The report described a novel technique which employs a trabecular metal revision shell as a super-augment to buttress the superior medial structure.

Methods
Between January 2015 and December 2018, the multicup reconstruction was performed in 21 patients with severe protrusio acetabular defects. The revision shell, plus two similar porous acetabular components was implanted into the initial shell to create a “multicup” construct. The functional outcomes were evaluated in terms of the Harris Hip Score. Acetabular loosening, restoration of hip center of rotation, and bone ingrowth etc., were radiographically assessed. The survival rate of the implants was also evaluated.

Results
A followup lasting a mean time of 31 months (range, 18–57 months) revealed that the average Harris Hip Score improved from preoperative 37.0 ± 7.1 to postoperative 76.4 ± 9.0. There were no revisions due to acetabular loosening. The horizontal offset increased by an average of 14 mm, and the vertical offset decreased by an average of 18 mm. Eighteen of the 21 patients (86 %) met at least 3 of 5 criteria associated with bone ingrowth. The survivorship free from re-revision for acetabular loosening after 2 years was 100 %.

Conclusions
The multicup reconstruction technique was a simplified re-revision procedure for managing the severe protrusio acetabular defects and could achieve a high survival rate.

Level of evidence
Therapeutic study, Level IVa.
Inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase enzyme by dipeptides identified in dry-cured ham
Authors: Heres Alejandro , Mora Leticia , Toldrá Fidel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHigh cholesterolemia is a key risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, which are the main cause of mortality in developed countries. Most therapies are focused on the modulation of its biosynthesis through 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoAR) inhibitors. In this sense, food-derived bioactive peptides might act as promising health alternatives through their ability to interact with crucial enzymes involved in metabolic pathways, avoiding the adverse effects of synthetic drugs. Dry-cured ham has been widely described as an important source of naturally-generated bioactive peptides exerting ACEI-inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory activity between others. Based on these findings, the aim of this work was to assess, for the first time, the in vitro inhibitory activity of HMG-CoAR exerted by dipeptides generated during the manufacturing of dry-cured ham, previously described with relevant roles on other bioactivities.The in vitro inhibitory activity of the dipeptides was assessed by measuring the substrate consumption rate of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase in their presence, with the following pertinent calculations.Further research was carried out to estimate the possible interactions of the most bioactive dipeptides with the enzyme by performing in silico analysis consisting of molecular docking approaches.Main findings showed DA, DD, EE, ES, and LL dipeptides as main HMG-CoAR inhibitors. Additionally, computational analysis indicated statin-like interactions of the dipeptides with HMG-CoAR.This study reveals, for the first time, the hypocholesterolemic potential of dry-cured ham-derived dipeptides and, at the same time, converges in the same vein as many reports that experimentally argue the cardiovascular benefits of dry-cured ham consumption due to its bioactive peptide content.
Correlation of clinical staging and MRI staging for cervical cancer
Authors: Nawapun Supajit , Aphinives Chalida , Srisitthiprapha Wiranya , Thamronganantasakul Komsan , Temtanakitpaisan Amornrat 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer is a major public health problem for women. Accurate staging may lead to proper management of cervical cancer. We retrospectively reviewed all patients with cervical cancer who underwent pre-treatment MRI between January 2009 and December 2018 and analyzed the correlation between the clinical staging and MRI staging.

Results
Correlation of overall clinical and MRI staging by percent agreement is moderate (73.9%), but the kappa coefficient showed a slight correlation. The correlation of clinical and MRI findings in the vaginal invasion, pelvic sidewall invasion, adjacent pelvic organ invasion, and spreading to distant organ also showed moderate-to-strong correlation by percent agreement (ranging from 67.6 to 91.9%) but slight correlation between clinical and MRI examinations by kappa or weighted kappa coefficient (K = 0.000–0.128w).

Conclusion
In patients with cervical cancer, pretreatment MRI provides higher spatial soft tissue resolution which can define pelvic tumor extent, including a more accurate assessment of tumor size (due to multiplanar evaluation), parametrial invasion, pelvic sidewall invasion, and adjacent pelvic organ invasion. This could potentially lead to a reduction in staging morbidity by invasive investigation such as cystoscopy and proctoscopy.
The Role of Marketplace Lending in Credit Markets: Evidence from Bank Mergers
Authors: Avramidis Panagiotis , Mylonopoulos Nikolaos , Pennacchi George G. 
Published: July 2021

We develop a model of competition between banks and a marketplace lender to motivate empirical tests using local market data on U.S. banks and the largest marketplace lending platform. Employing mergers of large, multimarket banks as an exogenous credit supply shock, we find that marketplace lending absorbs unmet demand for consumer credit following a decline in the availability of bank credit. Merger-induced bank branch closings lead to an increase in marketplace loan requests and loan acceptance rates, particularly for debt consolidation loans to lower-risk consumers. We also find that marketplace lending mitigates credit distress in local economies affected by mergers. This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.
TEORIAS CONSPIRATÓRIAS NA ERA DIGITAL: REFLEXÕES SOBRE O PAPEL DA GEOGRAFIA ESCOLAR FRENTE A DESMISTIFICAÇÃO DA TEORIA DA TERRA PLANA
Authors: Oliveira Leandro Barros 
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo consiste em uma análise sobre as possíveis contribuições da geografia escolar frente a desmistificação de teorias conspiratórias da era digital, com destaque para a teoria da terra plana. Ao longo do texto são abordados os impactos das teorias conspiratórias na sociedade atual; a influência da informática na popularização dessas teorias; as descobertas científicas que respaldam o consenso atual sobre a forma da terra; os descaminhos e as perspectivas da educação brasileira com relação a formação do senso crítico para a filtragem de informações da internet e para o entendimento concreto sobre a importância da ciência para a sociedade; e, por fim, o papel da geografia escolar frente a este desafio. Toda a concepção deste estudo se fundamenta no método materialista histórico dialético. Os principais referenciais utilizados para embasar essa análise foram: o conceito de encapsulação do ensino de Yrjo Engeström, o conceito de aprendizagem significativa de David Ausubel e a nova organização curricular introduzida pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) publicada em 2018. Concluiu-se que, apesar das dificuldades da educação brasileira no que se refere a gestão e a infraestrutura, a BNCC fornece o respaldo necessário a elaboração de soluções didáticas para a instrumentalização dos alunos para o uso racional das ferramentas virtuais de comunicação. Cabe aos diretores, coordenadores e professores se conscientizarem quanto ao problema e introduzirem os debates sobre esses temas atuais em sala de aula, de forma a promover a dialética para um efetivo aprendizado significativo e a consequente a blindagem com relação as teorias conspiratórias da internet.
O LUGAR COMO CATEGORIA DE ANÁLISE NA GEOGRAFIA E SUA CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA ABORDAGENS DIDÁTICAS NA CARTOGRAFIA ESCOLAR
Authors: Rizzatti Maurício , Lampert Batista Natália , Spode Becker Elsbeth Léia , Cassol Roberto 
Published: July 2021

Ao pensar o ensino de Geografia e a Cartografia Escolar não se pode perder de vista as distintas categorias de análise que permeiam a ciência geográfica, pois é nessa inter-relação que o professor dessa componente curricular pode pensar criticamente o desenvolvimento de metodologias de ensino-aprendizagem. Com base nisso, esse trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar a evolução do conceito de lugar nas escolas geográficas e a contribuição dessa categoria de análise da Geografia para algumas abordagens metodológicas da Cartografia Escolar em sala de aula. Para o seu desenvolvimento, realizou-se a abordagem teórica da categoria de análise lugar e após apresentou-se as metodologias voltadas à Cartografia Escolar. Conclui-se que o estudo do lugar, baseado na Cartografia Escolar, é eficaz para o desenvolvimento do pensamento espacial e para o estimulo ao raciocínio geográfico, centrais ao ensino de Geografia na contemporaneidade.
Mechanical behavior in the interior and boundary of magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4) grain under nanoindentation
Authors: Geng Haoqi , Du Wenhao , Wang Hui , Li Jiawei 
Published: July 2021

The understanding of mechanical behavior in magnesium aluminate spinel (

M
g
A

l

2

O

4

) at the nanoscale lays a foundation for its material removal mechanism in ultraprecision machining. Nanoindentation tests are carried out in the interior and boundary of spinel grain with different loads. An obvious indentation size effect exhibits in both of these areas. First, the nano-hardness and elastic modulus decrease, followed by stabilization due to an increase of pressure. The measured elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness of the grain interior are

277.7

±

8.4

G
P
a

,

19.79

±

0.83

G
P
a

, and

1.12

±

0.02

M
P
a
⋅

m

1

/

2

, respectively. Deformation of spinel transits from elastic to plastic at approximately 0.8 mN load, which corresponds to the discontinuous steps of load-displacement curves. By comparing the fracture toughness and the residual indent morphology, the grain boundary exhibits lower brittleness than the grain interior. Radial cracks form on the grain surface as indentation load exceeds 29 mN, whose propagation is influenced by the loading conditions and the grain boundary effect.
Design of a side-hole-assisted weakly coupled rectangular ring-core multimode fiber for mode-division-multiplexing networks
Authors: Zhang Jinyu , Ren Fang , Zhang Yiying , Niu Jingjing , Lei Xiao , Zhang Yanfei , Wang Jianping 
Published: July 2021

We present a side-hole-assisted weakly coupled polarization-maintaining rectangular ring-core multimode fiber supporting 68 eigenmodes. The rectangular ring-core and side-hole structures are introduced to effectively split eigenmodes. The impact of parameters on mode utilization rate

η

and mode number is evaluated at the wavelength of 1550 nm. We also analyze bending loss and broadband performance of the entire C band, including

n

e
f
f

,

Δ

n

e
f
f

,

A

e
f
f

, nonlinearity, and differential mode delay. By optimizing the design parameters, the 68 eigenmodes are completely separated with

Δ

n

e
f
f

between adjacent modes larger than

10

−
4

over the whole C band. The designed fiber can be used for eigenmode-division multiplexing networks to improve transmission capacity and spectral utilization.
All-solid-state widely wavelength-tunable and high-efficiency Yb:YSr3(PO4)3 laser
Authors: Yin Xiaoqin , Wu Guangda , Fan Shuzhen , Yu Fapeng , Li Yongfu , Liu Zhaojun , Zhang Xingyu , Zhao Xian , Fang Jiaxiong 
Published: July 2021

We demonstrate an all-solid-state widely wavelength-tunable

Y
b

:

Y
S
r

3

(

P
O

4

)
3

(Yb:YSP) laser with high efficiency. The free-running Yb:YSP laser oscillating at multiple wavelengths in the range of 1024–1054 nm is realized with different crystal lengths and output coupler transmittances. The maximum output power of 2.72 W is obtained under the absorption pump power of 7.30 W. The highest slope efficiency is 66.9%, using the crystal of 6.5-mm-length. Simultaneous dual-wavelength operation can be realized as well. Furthermore, the widely wavelength-tunable Yb:YSP laser with a range of more than 60 nm (from 1004 to 1066 nm) is achieved using a birefringent filter. The experimental results indicate that the Yb:YSP crystal can be a promising candidate for ultrafast lasers in the 1 µm region.
Prevalence of uterine rupture among women with one prior low transverse cesarean and women with unscarred uterus undergoing labor induction with PGE2: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chiossi Giuseppe , D’Amico Roberto , Tramontano Anna L. , Sampogna Veronica , Laghi Viola , Facchinetti Fabio 
Published: July 2021

Background
As uterine rupture may affect as many as 11/1000 women with 1 prior cesarean birth and 5/10.000 women with unscarred uterus undergoing labor induction, we intended to estimate the prevalence of such rare outcome when PGE2 is used for cervical ripening and labor induction.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane library up to September 1st 2020. Retrospective and prospective cohort studies, as well as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on singleton viable pregnancies receiving PGE2 for cervical ripening and labor induction were reviewed. Prevalence of uterine rupture was meta-analyzed with Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation among women with 1 prior low transverse cesarean section and women with unscarred uterus.

Results
We reviewed 956 full text articles to include 69 studies. The pooled prevalence rate of uterine rupture is estimated to range between 2 and 9 out of 1000 women with 1 prior low transverse cesarean (5/1000; 95%CI 2-9/1000, 122/9000). The prevalence of uterine rupture among women with unscarred uterus is extremely low, reaching at most 0.7/100.000 (<1/100.000.000; 95%CI <1/100.000.000–0.7/100.000, 8/17.684).

Conclusions
Uterine rupture is a rare event during cervical ripening and labor induction with PGE2.
Dostęp do zawodu adwokata w świetle sprawozdań Izby Adwokackiej w Warszawie z lat 1925–1938
Authors: Wiśniewska Dorota 
Published: July 2021

Artykuł dotyczy kwestii dostępu do zawodu adwokata w latach 1926–1938. Było to związane z ujednoliceniem przepisów dotyczących organizacji i funkcjonowania polskiej palestry. Rosnące zainteresowanie tym zawodem prawniczym, również wśród kobiet, spowodowało duży wzrost liczby aplikantów, a w konsekwencji adwokatów, o czym świadczą dane zawarte w sprawozdaniach Rady Adwokackiej w Warszawie. Środowisko adwokatów zrzeszonych w Izbie Warszawskiej starało się przeciwdziałać tej tendencji, dążąc do wprowadzania kolejnych ograniczeń.
Study of partial and average conditional Kendall’s tau
Authors: Gijbels Irène , Matterne Margot 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
When the interest is in studying conditional dependencies, and more precisely the strength of conditional dependencies, some kind of averaging over the conditioning random vector may be needed. Examples of average measures that can serve in this context are the average conditional Kendall’s tau and partial Kendall’s tau. It is known that these measures differ in general. Some statistical tests are based on these average measures, and a better knowledge of them is of importance. The aim of this paper is to provide a quantitative study of the possible differences of these two average measures, and to establish su˚cient conditions under which they coincide. Both measures are studied in two fairly general settings. In each setting theoretical results are established as well as several illustrative examples given.
Would Reasonable People Endorse a ‘Content-Neutral’ Law of Contract?
Authors: Bagchi Aditi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This essay raises two challenges to Peter Benson’s compelling new account of contract law. First, I argue that Benson’s use of the concept of reasonableness goes beyond the Rawlsian account to require that we impute to others a capacity to transcend their contingent circumstances in the context of contractual choice. In fact, our choices in contract are driven by external contingencies and it is only reasonable to take those constrains on other people’s choices into account. Second, I contest Benson’s related claim that contract law should be, and largely is, content-neutral. I argue to the contrary that the justice of a society depends on the cumulative outcomes from market transactions, and the justice of transactions depends on the justice of the institutional matrix of which transactional law is one part.
Markets and Contractual Fairness
Authors: Oman Nathan B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Contract is the quintessential legal institution of a market economy, but the contemporary philosophy of contract law is dominated by promissory and autonomy theories that tend to treat contract’s role in facilitating commerce as little more than a happy accident. It is thus striking that in his ambitious effort to generate a purely transactional theory of contract law Peter Benson places markets at that center of his account of transactional fairness. His argues that the abstract equality of contracting parties requires equality of exchange, an equality mediated by the just price. Echoing the scholastic tradition, Benson identifies the just price with the competitive market price. We thus have a fascinating example of an anti-functionalist, anti-distributive theory of contract that nevertheless incorporates the market as an important theoretical element. In this essay, I evaluate Benson’s use of markets, placing it within both the broader discussion of markets in contract law theory and in the larger argument that he is making about contract law. Ultimately, Benson justifies the appeal to markets not because of any attractive distributional features of competitive prices but because such prices have a formal structure that satisfies the demands of Benson’s formal theory. It is an ingenious and subtle argument. However, I am not ultimately persuaded. While I think that the rule for unconscionability cases that Benson extracts from his concept of equality of exchange is defensible, I am not persuaded by Benson’s formal approach to the fairness of markets. Rather, I will argue that competitive markets often do not have the formal features that Benson ascribes to them. Furthermore, a key aspect of his understanding of transactional fairness is best understood as resting on an attractive distributional feature of competitive markets rather than on their formal structure.
Effects of impregnating PTFE filled with added graphite on wear behavior of sintered bronze plain bearings
Authors: Güngör Kadir , Demirer Ahmet 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, self-lubricating porous bronze plain bearing samples were manufactured differently from conventional plain bearings and the wear behaviours were investigated. Plain bearing samples were manufactured by sintering of pre-alloyed spherical CuSn11 bronze powders with grain size of 100– 200 μm. Then, special polymeric composite mixtures were prepared as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and graphite (GR) additive PTFE mixtures. The GR additive PTFE mixtures were prepared by addition of the GR powder with an average particle size of 200 μm at ratios of 10 wt.% and 20 wt.% into the PTFE solution. Next, the polymeric composite mixtures were impregnated into the porous structure of samples by the spray pulverization coating method. The purpose of the impregnation process was to minimise wear at a longer sliding distance by the gain of self-lubricating property to the samples. The plain bearing samples were produced as three different types (PTFE, PTFE + 10% GR and PTFE + 20% GR). Wear tests were carried out using a plain bearing test rig at different sliding speeds (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m s–1) and under applied loads (30, 50 and 70 N). Wear values were determined as weight loss of the samples. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used for the wear analysis of the samples. The results show that the mixtures of PTFE with GR significantly reduced the wear loses of plain bearing surfaces under dry sliding conditions. The PTFE + 10% GR sample had the lowest wear loss under 0.5 m s–1 sliding speed and 30 N applied load conditions after 2.5 hour in comparison with other samples. In other words, the PTFE + 10% GR sample showed lower wear than (31.25%) PTFE sample (without GR additive) and (2.65%) PTFE + 20% GR sample. Also, the wear loss of the PTFE + 20% GR sample (3.67 mg) was slightly increased (difference 1.27 mg/53%) compared to the PTFE + 10% GR sample (2.40 mg) under average load and sliding speed conditions.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-bis(μ2-4,4′-bipyridyl-κ2
N:N′) disilver(I)] 4-oxidopyridine-3-sulfonate trihydrate, C25H29Ag2N5O9S
Authors: Zhao Han-Lin , Jiang Jin-Ke , Jiang Hui , Dong Xian-Wu , Li Xue 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
C25H29Ag2N5O9S, monoclinic, P21/m (no. 11), a = 8.5437(16) Å, b = 17.852(4) Å, c = 9.3335(13) Å, β = 101.380(16)°, V = 1395.6(5) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0271, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0653, T = 293(2) K.