bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Une analyse conventionnaliste du tourisme de mémoire
Authors: Clergeau Cécile , Dongmo Temgoua Bertrand 
Published: February 2021

Cet article se donne comme objectif de comprendre comment se coordonnent les principaux acteurs concernés dans la coélaboration du service touristique sur un marché en émergence. Cette compréhension à la lumière du tourisme de mémoire à essence culturelle, phénomène à forte complexité systémique eu égard à la nécessaire cohabitation harmonieuse entre tradition et modernité, renseigne, à travers le cas des funérailles bamilékés du Cameroun, sur la façon dont la servuction permet de concilier tradition et modernité. Le processus de conventionnalisation tripartite révélé par notre analyse participe à élucider davantage le rôle des conventions de services dans la coproduction du service touristique. Ainsi, à la question « comment la servuction permet-elle de concilier tradition et modernité dans les funérailles au Cameroun ? », notre recherche démontre que, dans les funérailles bamilékés, phénomène funéraire traditionnel à ne pas confondre avec des obsèques, la servuction concilie tradition et modernité lorsque les conventions de loyauté et de responsabilité structurent la production et la consommation des services.
Vers une théorie du capital touristique personnel
Authors: Othmani Wadie 
Published: February 2021

L’article étudie le phénomène du tourisme intérieur dans les pays du Sud, présenté comme sous-documenté dans la littérature scientifique, plus particulièrement en Tunisie. Il explore et interroge de façon empirique l’espace touristique de la ville de Tunis par l’intermédiaire des pratiques touristiques des Tunisiens et des Maghrébins. Il mobilise des méthodes mixtes : qualitatives (observation non participante et entretiens semi-directifs) et quantitative (enquête par questionnaire) pour proposer une théorisation du concept de capital touristique personnel (CTP). De ce fait, l’article montre que le touriste possède forcément un CTP qui influence et s’influence par rapport à un environnement touristique bien déterminé comprenant plusieurs facteurs : humain, générationnel, culturel, identitaire, géographique, historique, etc.
Genital Herpes: Synergy between Serology and Polymerase Chain Reaction in Laboratory Diagnosis among Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa Nigeria
Authors: Egbagba J. E. , Abdu A. B. , Alex- Wele M. A. , Eguvbe A. O. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) is the main curse of Genital Herpes (GH) infection worldwide with developing countries having larger proportions. Little is known about its diagnosis using the synergy techniques of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for its accurate diagnosis. This study focuses on carrying out the synergy (concurrent) between serology and PCR techniques for diagnosing GH caused by HSV-2.
Methods: A total of 388 pregnant women were sampled using a well-structured questionnaire, a self-collected vaginal swab for PCR shedding detection and 10 ml of blood collected for serological assay. Data were analyzed using statical packages for Social sciences. P value were kept at <0.05.
Results: A total 85 (21.9%) of the 388 sampled women were positive for Herpes simplex type 2 by PCR shedding techniques. Majority of the samples 345 (88.9%) were positive to serology assay. 57 (16.5%) of all 345 seropositive respondent are also shedders of the virus by PCR assays, p <0.05. Conversely, 28 (65.1%) of all 43 seronegative patients were shedders of HSV-2.
Conclusion: The synergistic technique of Serology and PCR should be considered incorporated as detection techniques for accurate diagnosis as this will assist in prompt management of genital herpes infection.
Droplet‐Based Single‐Cell Measurements of 16S rRNA Enable Integrated Bacteria Identification and Pheno‐Molecular Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing from Clinical Samples in 30 min
Authors: Kaushik Aniruddha M. , Hsieh Kuangwen , Mach Kathleen E. , Lewis Shawna , Puleo Christopher M. , Carroll Karen C. , Liao Joseph C. , Wang Tza‐Huei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEmpiric broad‐spectrum antimicrobial treatments of urinary tract infections (UTIs) have contributed to widespread antimicrobial resistance. Clinical adoption of evidence‐based treatments necessitates rapid diagnostic methods for pathogen identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) with minimal sample preparation. In response, a microfluidic droplet‐based platform is developed for achieving both ID and AST from urine samples within 30 min. In this platform, fluorogenic hybridization probes are utilized to detect 16S rRNA from single bacterial cells encapsulated in picoliter droplets, enabling molecular identification of uropathogenic bacteria directly from urine in as little as 16 min. Moreover, in‐droplet single‐bacterial measurements of 16S rRNA provide a surrogate for AST, shortening the exposure time to 10 min for gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. A fully integrated device and screening workflow were developed to test urine specimens for one of seven unique diagnostic outcomes including the presence/absence of Gram‐negative bacteria, molecular ID of the bacteriaas Escherichia coli, an Enterobacterales, or other organism, and assessment of bacterial susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. In a 50‐specimen clinical comparison study, the platform demonstrates excellent performance compared to clinical standard methods (areas‐under‐curves, AUCs >0.95), within a small fraction of the turnaround time, highlighting its clinical utility.
Monogenic Causes of Apparently Idiopathic Perinatal Intracranial Hemorrhage
Authors: Hausman‐Kedem Moran , Malinger Gustavo , Modai Shira , Kushner Steven A. , Shiran Shelly I. , Ben‐Sira Liat , Roth Jonathan , Constantini Shlomi , Fattal‐Valevski Aviva , Ben‐Shachar Shay 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivePerinatal intracranial hemorrhage (pICH) is a rare event that occurs during the fetal/neonatal period with potentially devastating neurological outcome. However, the etiology of pICH is frequently hard to depict. We investigated the role of rare genetic variations in unexplained cases of pICH.MethodsWe performed whole‐exome sequencing (WES) in fetuses and term neonates with otherwise unexplained pICH and their parents. Variant causality was determined according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria, consistency between suggested genes and phenotypes, and mode of inheritance.ResultsTwenty‐six probands (25 families) were included in the study (9 with a prenatal diagnosis and 17 with a postnatal diagnosis). Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was the most common type of hemorrhage (n = 16, 62%), followed by subpial (n = 4, 15%), subdural (n = 4, 15%), and parenchymal (n = 2, 8%) hemorrhage. Causative/likely causative variants were found in 4 subjects from 3 of the 25 families (12%) involving genes related to the brain microenvironment (COL4A1, COL4A2, and TREX‐1). Additionally, potentially causative variants were detected in genes related to coagulation (GP1BA, F11, Von Willebrand factor [VWF], FGA, and F7; n = 4, 16%). A potential candidate gene for phenotypic expansion related to microtubular function (DNAH5) was identified in 1 case (4%). Fifty‐five percent of the variants were inherited from an asymptomatic parent. Overall, these findings showed a monogenic cause for pICH in 12% to 32% of the families.InterpretationOur findings reveal a clinically significant diagnostic yield of WES in apparently idiopathic pICH and support the use of WES in the evaluation of these cases. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:813–822
Selectivity Map for the Late Stages of CO and CO2 Reduction to C2 Species on Copper Electrodes
Authors: Piqué Oriol , Low Qi Hang , Handoko Albertus D. , Yeo Boon Siang , Calle‐Vallejo Federico 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe electrochemical CO and CO2 reduction reactions (CORR and CO2RR) using copper catalysts and renewable electricity hold promise as a carbon‐neutral route to produce commodity chemicals and fuels. However, the exact mechanisms and structure sensitivity of Cu electrodes toward C2 products are still under debate. Herein, we investigate ethylene oxide reduction (EOR) as a proxy to the late stages of CORR to ethylene, and the results are compared to those of acetaldehyde reduction to ethanol. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that ethylene oxide undergoes ring opening before exclusively reducing to ethylene via *OH formation. Based on generalized coordination numbers (CN), a selectivity map for the late stages of CORR and CO2RR shows that sites with moderate coordination (5.9 < CN < 7.5) are efficient for ethylene production, with pristine Cu(100) being more active than defective surfaces such as Cu(311). In contrast, kinks and edges are more active for ethanol production, while (111) terraces are relatively inert.
The Effect of Mobile Learning on Student Success and Anxiety in Teaching Genital System Anatomy
Authors: Bolatli Güneş , Kizil Hamiyet 
Published: February 2021

The widespread use of smartphones has led to the emergence of new mobile learning tools. The aim of this study was to compare traditional methods to mobile learning applications, and their effect on the academic achievement and anxiety levels of students learning genital system anatomy. This research study was a randomized controlled study conducted with students who took anatomy between November and December 2018. The cohort consisted of 63 students who met the sampling criteria. Groups (control = 31, experimental = 32) were randomly selected using a simple number table. The mobile application developed for the experimental group was installed on the students' mobile devices with the extension “genitalsystem.apk.” The anatomy of the genital system was taught to the control group using the standard curriculum and to the experimental group using the mobile application. After teaching the anatomy of the genital system, the state anxiety levels of the students in the control group were determined to be higher at 45.6 (±8.7) than the experimental group at 40.4 (±8.3) as measured by the 20–80 point STAI scale. The posttest examination average of the control group was 8.9 (±6.9) out of 22 or 40.4 (±6.9)% and the posttest average of the experimental group using mobile application was 14.9 (±5.5) or 67.7 (±5.5)%. State anxiety levels and examination grades showed a highly significant difference in favor of the experimental group. These results indicate that using mobile applications when teaching anatomy may be an effective method to enhance learning and reduce anxiety levels when compared to the traditional teaching methods.
Pharmacokinetics of eperisone following oral administration in healthy Korean volunteers
Authors: Baek In‐hwan , Back Hyun‐moon , Chae Jung‐woo , Ha Eun‐Sol , Park Heejun , Choi Du Hyung , Staatz Christine E. , Kim Min‐Soo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEperisone is an oral muscle relaxant used to treat musculoskeletal diseases, which exhibits high pharmacokinetic (PK) variability in bioequivalence studies. The aim of this study was to characterize the PKs of eperisone following its oral administration to Korean volunteers through the conduct of a noncompartmental and population analysis. A total of 360 concentration‐time measurements collected on two separate occasions from 15 healthy volunteers during a bioequivalent study of eperisone 50 mg (Murex®) were used in the PK analysis. Noncompartmental analysis was performed using WinNonLinTM and population analysis was performed using NONMEM®. The possible influence of thirty demographic and pathophysiological characteristics on the PKs of eperisone were explored. Based on noncompartmental analysis mean eperisone elimination half‐life, apparent clearance (CL/F), and apparent volume of distribution were estimated to be 3.81 h, 39.24 × 103 l/h × 103 L, respectively. During population PK modeling a two‐compartment model with first‐order absorption rate constant (typical population K
a = 1.5 h−1) and first‐order elimination (typical population CL/F and apparent volume of distribution in the central compartment [V
c/F] = 30.8 × 103 l/h and 86.2 × 103 l, respectively) best described the PKs of eperisone. Interindividual variability in CL/F and V
c/F were estimated to be 87.9% and 130.3%, respectively and interoccasion variability in CL/F and V
c/F were estimated to be 23.8% and 30.8%, respectively. Aspartate aminotransferase level and smoking status were identified as potential covariates that may influence the CL/F of eperisone. This is the first study to develop a disposition model for eperisone and investigate the potential influence of covariate factors on it PK variability.
Quantification of eucalyptol (1,8‐cineole) in rat serum by gas chromatography–mass/mass spectrometry and its application to a rat pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Sa Chula , Liu Jinlei , Dong Yu , Jiang Li , Gentana Ge , Wurita Amin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEucalyptol (1,8‐cineole) is a biologically active cyclic monoterpenoid. In a preliminary study, we used gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to detect eucalyptol in the serum and brain tissue of rats after oral administration. However, the absorption characteristics in vivo and pharmacokinetic parameters of eucalyptol have not been published to date. The present study aims to develop and validate a simple, sensitive GC–MS/MS method with quadrupole mass analyzer type for the quantitative analysis of eucalyptol in rat serum and apply it to a pharmacokinetic study. The assay showed linearity of concentration range from 50 to 5,000 pg/ml with a limit of quantitation of 50 pg/ml. Intra‐ and inter‐day precision for eucalyptol were 4.4–13.0 and <15.0%, respectively, and accuracy was within 10% for quality control samples. The recovery and stability results showed that the method was accurate and stable for quantitative analysis. The developed analytical method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after a single oral administration of eucalyptol in rat subjects. The serum concentration–time profiles indicate that the absorption characteristics of eucalyptol after oral administration are similar to those for intravenous administration.
Application of machine learning methods to pathogen safety evaluation in biological manufacturing processes
Authors: Panjwani Shyam , Cui Ivan , Spetsieris Konstantinos , Mleczko Michal , Wang Wensheng , Zou June X. , Anwaruzzaman Mohammad , Liu Shawn , Canales Roger , Hesse Oliver 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe production of recombinant therapeutic proteins from animal or human cell lines entails the risk of endogenous viral contamination from cell substrates and adventitious agents from raw materials and environment. One of the approaches to control such potential viral contamination is to ensure the manufacturing process can adequately clear the potential viral contaminants. Viral clearance for production of human monoclonal antibodies is achieved by dedicated unit operations, such as low pH inactivation, viral filtration, and chromatographic separation. The process development of each viral clearance step for a new antibody production requires significant effort and resources invested in wet laboratory experiments for process characterization studies. Machine learning methods have the potential to help streamline the development and optimization of viral clearance unit operations for new therapeutic antibodies. The current work focuses on evaluating the usefulness of machine learning methods for process understanding and predictive modeling for viral clearance via a case study on low pH viral inactivation.
Deepithelialized Connective Tissue Graft and the Remaining Epithelial Content After Harvesting by the Harris Technique: A Histological and Morphometrical Case Series
Authors: Maia Vinicius Tadeu Gonçalves , Kahn Sérgio , de Souza Alex Balduino , Fernandes Gustavo Vicentis de Oliveira 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionThe remaining epithelial layer existent in connective tissue graft (CTG) harvested from the hard palate, which underwent de‐epithelization outside the oral cavity, can be histologically detected unless it is completely removed. Its presence may cause adverse esthetics results, affecting thus the color and texture of the receptor site, and an increased risk of presence of scar tissues after surgical procedures. The proposal of this study was to evaluate the CTG (histological and morphometrically) collected from the hard palate using the Harris technique, removing the epithelial layer outside the mouth, assessing the remaining presence of epithelial tissue.Case SeriesFourteen patients (14 CTGs) were included in the present case series study, therefore there were two dropouts. A small part of the tip of the graft was harvested and fixed in formalin solution for histological processing, staining, and then to be morphometrically analyzed. The epithelial tissue and CTGs were assessed by three calibrated and double‐blinded professionals. All information was compiled, and the statistical analysis was performed. CTGs obtained had a width average of 1224.26 μm. There was no presence of any residual of the epithelium in three samples, whereas only one had the epithelium tissue covering the entire connective layer. Furthermore, seven samples (approximately 50%) had the presence of epithelium.ConclusionWithin the limitation of this study, there was incomplete removal of the epithelial layer after harvesting the CTG using the Harris technique (44.32%), most likely due to its histological persistency, suggesting to be inaccurate the clinical removal.
New Cassane Diterpenoids from the Seed Kernels of Caesalpinia cucullata, Exhibit Anti‐inflammatory Effect in vitro by Inhibiting iNOS Enzymatic Activity
Authors: Wang Miao , Yang Yi‐Ren , Yin Yan , Song Kai‐Ru , Long Li‐Ping , Li Xian‐Zhe , Zhou Bei , Gao Hui‐Yuan 
Published: February 2021

Main observation and conclusionInflammation is a complex biological response to stimulation. Natural cassane diterpenoids from Caesalpinia genus exhibit significant anti‐inflammation activity. Eight new cassane diterpenoids (1—8) along with seven known ones (9—15) were obtained from the seed kernels of Caesalpinia cucullata Roxb. This is the first report on chemical investigation of the seed kernels of C. cucullata, and the cassane diterpenes were found in this plant for the first time. Their structures were elucidated based on the extensive spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configurations were identified by ECD calculation and X‐ray crystallography. All compounds were evaluated for their anti‐inflammation activity by inhibiting NO production in LPS‐induced RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds 1—2 and 9—11 exhibited effective inhibitory activity with inhibition rate more than 50%. The iNOS enzyme activity and molecular docking experiments were performed to explore the preliminary mechanism. Eventually, a potential anti‐inflammatory mechanism revealed that the bioactive cassane inhibited overproduction of NO by targeting key residues in the iNOS active cavity to reduce iNOS enzymatic activation.
Energy efficiency and portability of oil and gas simulations on multicore and graphics processing unit architectures
Authors: Serpa Matheus S. , Pavan Pablo J. , Cruz Eduardo H. M. , Machado Rodrigo L. , Panetta Jairo , Azambuja Antônio , Carissimi Alexandre S. , Navaux Philippe O. A. 
Published: February 2021

SummaryReverse time migration (RTM) simulation is the basis of the seismic imaging tools used by the oil and gas industry. Developers have been porting their simulations to the new high‐performance computing architectures, providing faster and more accurate results at each new generation. However, several challenges arrive when trying to achieve high performance on these new architectures. The first one is to choose the architecture that best fits the kind of simulation. After that, researchers should choose the API used to implement the simulation code. These two decisions are strongly related to the effort, performance, and energy efficiency of the simulations. In this article, we propose three optimizations for an oil and gas application, which reduce the floating‐point operations by changing the equation derivatives. We evaluate these optimizations in different multicore and GPU architectures, investigating the impact of different APIs on the performance, energy efficiency, and portability of the code. Our experimental results show that the dedicated CUDA implementation running on the NVIDIA Volta architecture has the best performance and energy efficiency for RTM on GPUs, while the OpenMP version is the best for Intel Broadwell in the multicore. Also, the OpenACC version, which has a lower programming effort and executes on both architectures, has an up to 20% better performance and energy efficiency than the nonportable ones.
Early maladaptive schemas and intimate partner violence victimization and perpetration: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pilkington Pamela D. , Noonan Clare , May Tamara , Younan Rita , Holt Ruth A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractYoung's early maladaptive schemas represent a possible pathway between childhood adversity and Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). The aim of this review was to synthesize the evidence on early maladaptive schemas and IPV. PubMed, PsycInfo, and CINAHL databases were searched, in compliance with PRISMA, to identify peer reviewed studies that reported on the relationship between schema or schema domain scores and IPV victimization or perpetration. Based on nine included studies, meta‐analyses indicated that IPV victimization showed a moderate association with the Disconnection and Rejection and Impaired Autonomy domains, and a small association with Other‐Directedness. The Mistrust Abuse and Vulnerability to Harm schemas were moderately correlated with victimization. Mistrust Abuse was also implicated in perpetration but insufficient data were available for meta‐analysis. The evidence suggests that being a victim of IPV is associated with an expectation that one's needs for love and safety will not be met and doubt regarding one's capacity to handle responsibilities or succeed in life.