bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive performance of female swamp buffalo in West Sumatra
Authors: Reswati R , Purwanto BP , Priyanto R , Manalu W , Arifiantini R I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The swamp buffalo population in West Sumatra Province decline continuously due to the low female reproductive performance. This research was conducted to identify female buffalo reproductive performance, which could be used as baseline data to enhance its population growth. A survey research method was conducted in two subdistricts, namely Lubuk Basung and Matur, located at different altitudes. Data were collected by interviewing farmers and observing their farms. The parameters observed were age at first mating, age at first calving, calving interval, service per conception, and buffalo farming practices. Significant differences in reproductive performances of female buffalo were observed. Age at first mating 39.04 ± 9.91 and 33.67 ± 5.3 mo., age at first calving 51.61 ± 9.95 and 45.71 ± 5.58 mo., calving interval 27.26 ± 8.84 and 24.17 ± 7.06 mo., and services per conception 1.82 ± 0.82 and 1.55 ± 0.78 were represented buffalo in Lubuk Basung and Matur, respectively. The buffalo reproductive performances in both locations were not optimal; however, Matur’s buffalo reproductive performances were better than those in Lubuk Basung due to its better farming practices and more comfort climatic conditions. Therefore, improving farming practice is essential to enhance buffalo’s reproductive performance and population growth.
IDENTIFICATION OF ORGANIC MULCH EFFECTS ON WEED DIVERSITY AND SHALLOT (Allium ascalonicum L.) PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Murtilaksono A , Nainggolan R G , Matius O , Rahim A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Shallot cultivation in North Kalimantan has not been implemented properly. This is because the soil in North Kalimantan is acid so the yield of shallot is low. One effort to increase soil pH using organic mulch. Organic mulch has the function of maintaining soil moisture and inhibiting the growth of weeds so that shallot cultivation can grow well. This study aims to determine the effects of organic mulch on weed diversity and yield of shallot. The study was conducted using Randomized Block Design with the treatment without mulch (P0), Imperata cylindrica mulch (P1), Cyperus rotundus mulch (P2), Eleusine indica mulch (P3) and Cynodon Dactylon mulch (P4). The results showed that the parameters of shallot using Cyperus rotundus mulch and Eleusine indica mulch increased the number of tubers is 11.57%. In this study, species of weeds had the highest a on each treatment were species Elusine indica on without mulch (21.93%), Cyperus rotundus mulch (54.26%), and Eleusine indica mulch (28.79%). Then, species Borreria latifolia on Imperata cylindrica mulch (28.79%), and species Cynodon dactylon on Cynodon dactylon mulch (47.21%).
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza inoculation for Increasing the Tolerance Index and Productivity of Soybean on Marginal Soils
Authors: Sukmasari M.D , Dani Umar , Wijaya Acep Atma 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An efforts to increase soybean crop productivity are highly related to of nutrients availability and crops management. This research was conducted to investigate the plant tolerance index (TI) and the mycorrhizae role to increase the availability of nutrients P and soybean productivity in a dry land. Factorial randomized block design that consists of mycorrhizal factors (0, 5, 10 and 15 g of inoculant per plant) and soybean cultivars (Anjasmoro, Dering 1 and Grobogan) and the repeated three times. The results showed that mycorrhizal inoculation with a dose of 10 g mycorrhizae per plant was able to increase the root length, root volume, dry weights, grain number and the weight of 100 grains. The highest number of grains was obtained by_ the Dering 1 cultivar. In addition the higher of 100 grains weigh was resulted by the Grobogan and anjasmoro cultivar. The cultivar adaptability was increased_ by mycorrhizal inoculation on marginal soils Further more mycorrhizal inoculation gave a nonsignificant effect of tolerance index and the highest TI (1,97) was obtained _by dering cultivars. These results confirmes that the usage 10 g plant−1 of mycorrhizal inoculants chould be applied for increasing the growth and soybean productivity of marginal land.
Microscopic Description of 170
Er, 172
Yb, 174
Hf, and 176
W Isotones
Authors: Kassim Yasir Yahya , Al-Jubbori Mushtaq Abed , Ahmed Imad Mamdouh , Abdullah Hewa Y. , Sharrad Fadhil I. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The properties of 170
Er,
172Yb,
174Hf, and
176Wisotones have been studied and their energy states calculated. To identify the properties of each isotone, the values of the first excited states,

E

2
1
+

and the ratio of the second excited states to the first excited states,

R

4
/
2

=
E

4
1
+

/
E

2
1
+

for all nuclei under consideration were adopted. To determine the properties of each nucleus, the relationship between the moment of inertia 2𝜗/ℏ
2 and the square of the angular frequency, ℏ
2
𝜔
2, the relationship between successive excited states to those preceding them

r

(

I
+
2
)

I

)

and the ΔI = 1 staggering between the GSB and the NPB states were studied for all states of
170Er,
172Yb,
174Hf, and
176W isotones. After identifying the properties of each isotone, the rotational limit in the interacting boson model IBM-1 and the IVBM model was used to calculate the energy states for each isotone and the results were compared with the experimental values. and good agreement was observed with some exception. The inaccuracy of some calculations in the IBM-1 results from the lying of some high states out the range of the rotational properties that were used.
Proceedings From a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Workshop to Control Hypertension
Authors: Commodore-Mensah Yvonne , Loustalot Fleetwood , Himmelfarb Cheryl Dennison , Desvigne-Nickens Patrice , Sachdev Vandana , Bibbins-Domingo Kirsten , Clauser Steven B , Cohen Deborah J , Egan Brent M , Fendrick A Mark , Ferdinand Keith C , Goodman Cliff , Graham Garth N , Jaffe Marc G , Krumholz Harlan M , Levy Phillip D , Mays Glen P , McNellis Robert , Muntner Paul , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Milani Richard V , Polgreen Linnea A , Reisman Lonny , Sanchez Eduardo J , Sperling Laurence S , Wall Hilary K , Whitten Lori , Wright Jackson T , Wright Janet S , Fine Lawrence J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Hypertension treatment and control prevent more cardiovascular events than management of other modifiable risk factors. Although the age-adjusted proportion of US adults with controlled blood pressure (BP) defined as &lt;140/90 mm Hg, improved from 31.8% in 1999–2000 to 48.5% in 2007–2008, it remained stable through 2013–2014 and declined to 43.7% in 2017–2018. To address the rapid decline in hypertension control, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a virtual workshop with multidisciplinary national experts. Also, the group sought to identify opportunities to reverse the adverse trend and further improve hypertension control. The workshop immediately preceded the Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Control Hypertension, which recognized a stagnation in progress with hypertension control. The presentations and discussions included potential reasons for the decline and challenges in hypertension control, possible “big ideas,” and multisector approaches that could reverse the current trend while addressing knowledge gaps and research priorities. The broad set of “big ideas” was comprised of various activities that may improve hypertension control, including: interventions to engage patients, promotion of self-measured BP monitoring with clinical support, supporting team-based care, implementing telehealth, enhancing community–clinical linkages, advancing precision population health, developing tailored public health messaging, simplifying hypertension treatment, using process and outcomes quality metrics to foster accountability and efficiency, improving access to high-quality health care, addressing social determinants of health, supporting cardiovascular public health and research, and lowering financial barriers to hypertension control.
Habitat complexity and complex signal function – exploring the role of ornamentation
Authors: Wilgers Dustin J , Colton Watts J , Hebets Eileen A 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAnimals often communicate in complex, heterogeneous environments, leading to hypothesized selection for increased detectability or discriminability in signaling traits. The extent to which secondary sexual ornaments have evolved to overcome the challenges of signaling in complex environments, however, remains understudied, especially in comparison to their role as indicator traits. This study tested the hypothesis that the condition-dependent secondary sexual ornamentation in the wolf spider Rabidosa rabida functions to increase detectability/discriminability in visually complex environments. We predicted that male ornamentation would interact with the complexity of the signaling environment to affect male mating success. In particular, we expected ornaments to confer a greater mating advantage when males courted in visually complex environments. To test this, we artificially manipulated male foreleg ornamentation (present/absent) and ran repeated-measures mating trials across laboratory microcosms that represented simple versus complex visual signaling environments. Microcosm visual complexity differed in their background pattern, grass stem color, and grass stem placement. We found that ornamented males mated more often and more quickly than unornamented males across both environments, but we found no support for an ornament-by-environment interaction. Male courtship rate, however, did interact with the signaling environment. Despite achieving the same level of mating success across signaling environments, ornamented males courted less rapidly in complex versus simple environments, although environmental complexity had no influence on unornamented male courtship rates. Our results suggest that the visual complexity of the signaling environment influences the interactive influence of ornamentation and dynamic visual courtship on female mate choice.
Convergent developmental patterns underlie the repeated evolution of adhesive toe pads among lizards
Authors: Griffing Aaron H , Gamble Tony , Cohn Martin J , Sanger Thomas J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
How developmental modifications produce key innovations, which subsequently allow for rapid diversification of a clade into new adaptive zones, has received much attention. However, few studies have used a robust comparative framework to investigate the influence of evolutionary and developmental constraints on the origin of key innovations, such as the adhesive toe pad of lizards. Adhesive toe pads evolved independently at least 16 times in lizards, allowing us to examine whether the patterns observed are general evolutionary phenomena or unique, lineage-specific events. We performed a high-resolution comparison of plantar scale development in 14 lizard species in Anolis and geckos, encompassing five independent origins of toe pads (one in Anolis, four in geckos). Despite substantial evolutionary divergence between Anolis and geckos, we find that these clades have undergone similar developmental modifications to generate their adhesive toe pads. Relative to the ancestral plantar scale development, in which scale ridges form synchronously along the digit, both padded geckos and Anolis exhibit scansor formation in a distal-to-proximal direction. Both clades have undergone developmental repatterning and, following their origin, modifications in toe pad morphology occurred through relatively minor developmental modifications, suggesting that developmental constraints governed the diversification of the adhesive toe pad in lizards.
Iffy Endorsements
Authors: Kaufmann Magdalena , Kaufmann Stefan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Theories of imperatives differ in how they aim to derive the distributional and functional properties of this clause type. One point of divergence is how to capture the fact that imperative utterances convey the speaker’s endorsement for the course of events described. Condoravdi & Lauer (2017) observe that conditionals with imperative consequents (conditionalized imperatives, CIs) are infelicitous as motivations of advice against doing something and take this as evidence for an analysis of imperatives as encoding speaker endorsement. We investigate CIs in further contexts and argue that their account in terms of preferential conflicts fails to capture the more general infelicity of CIs as motivations for or against doing something. We develop an alternative in which imperatives do not directly encode speaker preferences, but express modalized propositions and impose restrictions on the discourse structure (along the lines of Kaufmann, 2012). We show how this carries over to conditionalized imperatives to derive the behavior of CIs, and conclude with a discussion of more general problems regarding an implementation of conditional preferential commitments, an issue that can be avoided on our account of imperatives.
A case of splenic rupture a week after appendectomy
Authors: Deleuze Catherine , Rasmont Celine , Ivanov Todor , Brassart Nicolas , Ghaddab Malek , Romero Stoca Laura , Hossey Didier , Choy Tsy-Yeng , Lemaitre Jean 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A 52-year-old woman developed atraumatic splenic rupture 1 week after appendectomy for perforated appendicitis. The emergency computed tomography (CT) revealed abscessed appendicitis. We performed a laparoscopic appendectomy and meticulous peritoneal lavage of the right lower quadrant peritonitis. Intravenous antibiotics were prolonged after surgery. Six days after appendectomy, she presented acute signs of hypotensive shock associated with abdominal pain and blood in the pelvic drain. Emergency CT scan revealed splenic rupture with major hemoperitoneum and active splenic bleeding. Embolization of the splenic artery was initially successful, but she relapsed into shock a few hours later. We proceeded to splenectomy. Pathological examination only found inflammation. She was discharged 1 month after the initial operation. Spontaneous splenic rupture is a rare but life-threatening complication of appendicitis with major peritonitis. It must be identified and treated immediately. Colic microbiota could be responsible of acute splenitis and congestion after a bacteremia.
IMGT® databases, related tools and web resources through three main axes of research and development
Authors: Manso Taciana , Folch Géraldine , Giudicelli Véronique , Jabado-Michaloud Joumana , Kushwaha Anjana , Nguefack Ngoune Viviane , Georga Maria , Papadaki Ariadni , Debbagh Chahrazed , Pégorier Perrine , Bertignac Morgane , Hadi-Saljoqi Saida , Chentli Imène , Cherouali Karima , Aouinti Safa , El Hamwi Amar , Albani Alexandre , Elazami Elhassani Merouane , Viart Benjamin , Goret Agathe , Tran Anna , Sanou Gaoussou , Rollin Maël , Duroux Patrice , Kossida Sofia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics information system®, http://www.imgt.org/, is at the forefront of the immunogenetics and immunoinformatics fields with more than 30 years of experience. IMGT® makes available databases and tools to the scientific community pertaining to the adaptive immune response, based on the IMGT-ONTOLOGY. We focus on the recent features of the IMGT® databases, tools, reference directories and web resources, within the three main axes of IMGT® research and development. Axis I consists in understanding the adaptive immune response, by deciphering the identification and characterization of the immunoglobulin (IG) and T cell receptor (TR) genes in jawed vertebrates. It is the starting point of the two other axes, namely the analysis and exploration of the expressed IG and TR repertoires based on comparison with IMGT reference directories in normal and pathological situations (Axis II) and the analysis of amino acid changes and functions of 2D and 3D structures of antibody and TR engineering (Axis III).
Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular diseases: collateral damage?
Authors: Pillai Ajay , Lawson Barbara 
Published: November 2021

Purpose of review
Cardiovascular involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is relatively common and portends an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Manifestations of myocardial injury may exhibit significant overlap and result in diagnostic uncertainty. This review will summarize recent literature around cardiovascular complications of COVID-19.

Recent findings
Venous thromboembolism, atrial fibrillation, and type II myocardial infarction are observed commonly in COVID-19, while severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral myocarditis remains quite rare. Although infrequent, COVID-19 vaccination has been associated with myocarditis and pericarditis in young individuals.

Summary
Various forms of COVID-19-related myocardial injury have been associated with increased utilization of mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic deterioration, and mortality. Manifestations of myocardial injury in COVID-19 are varied, but share common drivers of illness including sequelae of sepsis, immune-mediated factors, and a prothrombotic state. Understanding the forms of myocardial injury in COVID-19 may aid in rapid diagnosis and treatment.
A Virtual Clinic for DDH Pavlik Harness Monitoring
Authors: Merchant Rajiv M. , Khan Shehzaad A. , Douglas Christine , Edel Penina , Khan Tahir , Eastwood Deborah M. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Pavlik harness (PH) treatment is successful in treating over 90% of newborns with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). There is a need for close supervision, frequent adjustments, size changes, and monitoring of complications. This paper aims to provide a safe criterion for remote follow-up of DDH patients treated in a PH to reduce the risk of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) exposure to patients, parents, and health practitioners.

Methods:
All infants with stable hips (Graf I, IIa/b/c/d, treated III/IV) with consenting parents after appropriate counseling were enrolled in a virtual clinic. Clinics were conducted using the NHS “Attend anywhere” virtual link service by an extended scope practitioner-specialist physiotherapist and a clinical nurse specialist. The virtual clinic group was compared with a matched cohort of patients from 2018/2019.

Results:
A total of 141 patients were referred to the neonatal hip clinic; 45 patients were eligible for harness treatment and 20 patients were selected for virtual clinics. In total, there were 35 virtual clinic appointments. Each of the patients had an average of 1.7 virtual appointments ranging from 1 to 3 (26.3% of total number of clinics). Age at presentation of the treated group was 7±4.2 weeks and control group 5.7±5.5 weeks (P=0.59). PH duration of the study group was 9±2.6 weeks and the control group, 7.8±2.5 weeks (P=0.12). There were no missed complications at the follow-up face-to-face appointment. Patients saved an average of 76 km total travel distance.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates adequate evidence that children requiring routine follow-up appointments involving PH adjustment, skincare, and identification of clinical anomalies, can be treated and followed up safely using virtual clinics. Clinical triage of suitable patients for virtual clinic provision must always be made by experienced clinicians. Children presenting with Graf IIa, IIb, IIc, IId, as well as those with stable and improving Graf III at initial diagnoses, had successful treatment with virtual clinic follow-up appointments in this study.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Attitudes and Perceptions Toward the Use of Medical Marijuana by Glaucoma Specialists
Authors: Bergman Zachary , Douglas John , Wang Jiangxia , Idowu Omolola , Kaleem Mona 
Published: November 2021

Précis:
With expanding legality of medical marijuana (MMJ) in the United States, it is important for ophthalmologists to have greater understanding of the implications of MMJ and glaucoma treatment and how it can impact their patients.

Purpose:
Previous work has demonstrated that inhaled tetrahydrocannabinol can lower intraocular pressure. The stance of the American Glaucoma Society (AGS) is that MMJ is not an acceptable treatment for glaucoma. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the glaucoma specialists’ perceptions and attitudes toward the use of MMJ for glaucoma.

Methods:
An electronic survey was sent to members of the AGS which addressed attitudes and perceptions on the use of MMJ in the management of glaucoma. Study questions included practitioner demographics, previous experiences with patients discussing the topic, prescribing patterns, and knowledge regarding the use of MMJ for the treatment of glaucoma.

Results:
Thirty-seven percent of respondents reported having patients who cited using MMJ for their glaucoma, and 38% of respondents were asked about MMJ by their patients at least once per week. Fifty-five percent of respondents had patients who asked them for MMJ prescriptions. When asked if they felt if there was a possible role for marijuana in the management of glaucoma patients, 27% of survey takers responded yes. Fourteen percent of survey respondents kept information on MMJ in their office. Finally, 76% of participants responded they would be interested in additional education on the topic.

Conclusions:
Over 25% of the glaucoma specialists responded that MMJ had a role in the treatment of glaucoma, despite the recommendation of the professional society. This group was least likely to have received education on the topic. Given the expanding legality and curiosity of patients with regards to marijuana in the United States, it is important for ophthalmologists to have a greater understanding of the implications of marijuana in glaucoma.
Changes in Nursing Students' Attitudes and Perceptions After Receipt of Enhanced Substance Use-Related Curricular Content
Authors: Finnell Deborah S. , Sanchez Michael , Hansen Bryan R. , Stevens Alicia , Savage Christine L. , Seale J. Paul , Johnson J. Aaron 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Negative attitudes toward persons who use alcohol and other drugs contribute to suboptimal care. Nurses are in key roles to address the needs of this population, yet they lack the education needed to identify persons who may be at risk because of substance use and intervene accordingly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a substance-use-related curriculum on nursing students' attitudes and therapeutic commitment for working with patients with alcohol- and drug-use-related problems.

Methods
Data were collected for four cohorts of 169 nursing students enrolled in a Master's Entry into Nursing program. Questionnaires included the Person-Centered Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire and the Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire, completed before and after completing the curriculum. Paired samples t test were used to examine pre/post differences for each measure's subscale.

Results
Four of the seven Person-Centered Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire subscales showing significant increases were role adequacy, role support, role legitimacy, and general perceptions. Four of the five Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire subscales showing significant increases were role adequacy, role support, job satisfaction, and role legitimacy; there was a significant change in role-related self-esteem, however, in a negative direction.

Conclusions
This study adds to the growing evidence of the positive impact of providing evidence-based information and skill development, which enhance alcohol- and drug-related knowledge and competence for nurses entering professional practice.