bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pore‐scale investigation for recovering adsorptive capacity of activated carbon fibre felt using electrothermal desorption combined with ozonization in‐situ degradation method
Authors: Weng Lingxiao , Ma Qiang , Xu Qian , Qiao Guanchao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPorous activated carbon fibre (ACF) materials, as a recycled absorbent, have been widely applied in the harmless disposal of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). In order to reduce the energy consumption of cyclic regeneration process and avoid second pollution of high concentration VOCs, there is an urgent need to develop a synergistic regeneration method to recover the adsorptive capacity of ACF and achieve the in‐situ degradation of VOCs simultaneously. Due to the outstanding oxidation performance of ozone, ozonization was used to degrade VOCs adsorbed by absorbent materials and has a potential advantage in combination with the traditional electrothermal desorption technology. In this work, a three‐dimensional pore‐scale lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is established to solve the convective heat and mass transfer processes considering the desorption and ozonization effects. Using this numerical model, a pore‐scale simulation is performed to investigate the reactive and desorptive transport behaviours in the reconstructed pore structure of ACF felt, which is regenerated using the electrothermal desorption process combined with the ozonization degradation method. The simulation works reveal the effects of key operation parameters on the desorption and degradation mechanisms into the pores of ACF felt during this combined regeneration process. The numerical results show that the flow velocity of carrier gas plays an important role on the performance of the combined regeneration process. The approach of reducing the carrier gas velocity would obviously improve the degradation ratio of VOC and the efficiency of the combined regeneration process.
On the Structure of Sulfur/1,3‐Diisopropenylbenzene Co‐Polymer Cathodes for Li‐S Batteries: Insights from Density‐Functional Theory Calculations
Authors: Kiani Rana , Sebastiani Daniel , Partovi‐Azar Pouya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSulfur co‐polymers have recently drawn considerable attention as alternative cathode materials for lithium‐sulfur batteries, thanks to their flexible atomic structure and the ability to provide high reversible capacity. Here, we report on the atomic structure of sulfur/1,3‐diisopropenylbenzene co‐polymers (poly(S‐co‐DIB)) based on the insights obtained from density‐functional theory calculations. The focus is set on studying the local structural properties, namely the favorable sulfur chain length (Sn with
) connecting two DIBs. In order to investigate the effects of the organic groups and sulfur chains separately, we perform series of atomic structure optimizations. We start from simple organic groups connected via sulfur chains and gradually change the structure of the organic groups until we reach a structure in which two DIB molecules are attached via sulfur chains. Additionally, to increase the structural sampling, we perform temperature‐assisted minimum‐energy structure search on slightly simpler model systems. We find that in DIB‐Sn‐DIB co‐polymers, shorter sulfur chains with
are preferred, where the stabilization is mostly brought about by the sulfur chains rather than the organic groups. The presented results, corresponding to the fully charged state of the cathode in the thermodynamic limit, have direct applications in the field of lithium‐sulfur batteries with sulfur‐polymer cathodes.
Design and validation of the tubular linear vibration generator applied to energy harvester based on VIV
Authors: Liu Min , Xia Hui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA tubular linear vibration generator applied to the energy harvester based on vortex‐induced is proposed and analyzed in this paper. First, the permanent magnet of the generator is placed on the inner side of the winding, and the outer side of the winding is improved by adding magnetically permeable housing to increase the generated power. Then, the optimal magnet magnetization method, size of the winding coil, wire diameter, and housing material are evaluated by finite element analysis. Finally, the prototype using radial magnets is fabricated and fixed on the energy harvester. The vibration displacement, the induced voltage of the coil, and the generated power at different water velocities are measured. The generators with different permeable housings are fabricated to verify the accuracy of the theory. The experiment results show the maximum average power harvested is 5.5 mW of the TVLG at the water speed of 0.7 m/s, for the coil of 0.2 mm wire diameter, 8 cm height, and 2,000 turns. Under the effective water speeds, the power obtained by the generator with magnetically permeable housing is more than 70% higher than that obtained by the generator without housing.
Genetic structure and ecological niche segregation of Indian gray mongoose (Urva edwardsii) in Iran
Authors: Oboudi Razie , Malekian Mansoureh , Khosravi Rasoul , Fadakar Davoud , Adibi Mohammad Ali 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCombining genetic data with ecological niche models is an effective approach for exploring climatic and nonclimatic environmental variables affecting spatial patterns of intraspecific genetic variation. Here, we adopted this combined approach to evaluate genetic structure and ecological niche of the Indian gray mongoose (Urva edwardsii) in Iran, as the most western part of the species range. Using mtDNA, we confirmed the presence of two highly differentiated clades. Then, we incorporated ensemble of small models (ESMs) using climatic and nonclimatic variables with genetic data to assess whether genetic differentiation among clades was coupled with their ecological niche. Climate niche divergence was also examined based on a principal component analysis on climatic factors only. The relative habitat suitability values predicted by the ESMs for both clades revealed their niche separation. Between‐clade climate only niche comparison revealed that climate space occupied by clades is similar to some extent, but the niches that they utilize differ between the distribution ranges of clades. We found that in the absence of evidence for recent genetic exchanges, distribution models suggest the species occurs in different niches and that there are apparent areas of disconnection across the species range. The estimated divergence time between the two Iranian clades (4.9 Mya) coincides with the uplifting of the Zagros Mountains during the Early Pliocene. The Zagros mountain‐building event seems to have prevented the distribution of U. edwardsii populations between the western and eastern parts of the mountains as a result of vicariance events. Our findings indicated that the two U. edwardsii genetic clades in Iran can be considered as two conservation units and can be utilized to develop habitat‐specific and climate change‐integrated management strategies.
HFA of the ESC position paper on the management of LVAD‐supported patients for the non‐LVAD specialist healthcare provider Part 3: at the hospital and discharge
Authors: Gustafsson Finn , Ben Avraham Binyamin , Chioncel Ovidiu , Hasin Tal , Grupper Avishai , Shaul Aviv , Nalbantgil Sanemn , Hammer Yoav , Mullens Wilfried , Tops Laurens F. , Elliston Jeremy , Tsui Steven , Milicic Davor , Altenberger Johann , Abuhazira Miriam , Winnik Stephan , Lavee Jacob , Piepoli Massimo Francesco , Hill Lorrena , Hamdan Righab , Ruhparwar Arjang , Anker Stefan , Crespo‐Leiro Marisa Generosa , Coats Andrew J.S. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Metra Marco , Rosano Giuseppe , Seferovic Petar , Ruschitzka Frank , Adamopoulos Stamatis , Barac Yaron , De Jonge Nicolaas , Frigerio Maria , Goncalvesova Eva , Gotsman Israel , Itzhaki Ben Zadok Osnat , Ponikowski Piotr , Potena Luciano , Ristic Arsen , Jaarsma Tiny , Ben Gal Tuvia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe growing population of left ventricular assist device (LVAD)‐supported patients increases the probability of an LVAD‐ supported patient hospitalized in the internal or surgical wards with certain expected device related, and patient‐device interaction complication as well as with any other comorbidities requiring hospitalization. In this third part of the trilogy on the management of LVAD‐supported patients for the non‐LVAD specialist healthcare provider, definitions and structured approach to the hospitalized LVAD‐supported patient are presented including blood pressure assessment, medical therapy of the LVAD supported patient, and challenges related to anaesthesia and non‐cardiac surgical interventions. Finally, important aspects to consider when discharging an LVAD patient home and palliative and end‐of‐life approaches are described.
Machine learning‐based risk prediction of malignant arrhythmia in hospitalized patients with heart failure
Authors: Wang Qi , Li Bin , Chen Kangyu , Yu Fei , Su Hao , Hu Kai , Liu Zhiquan , Wu Guohong , Yan Ji , Su Guohai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsPredicting the risk of malignant arrhythmias (MA) in hospitalized patients with heart failure (HF) is challenging. Machine learning (ML) can handle a large volume of complex data more effectively than traditional statistical methods. This study explored the feasibility of ML methods for predicting the risk of MA in hospitalized HF patients.Methods and resultsWe evaluated the baseline data and MA events of 2794 hospitalized HF patients in the HF cohort in Anhui Province and randomly divided the study population into training and validation sets in a 7:3 ratio. The Lasso‐logistic regression, multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), classification and regression tree (CART), random forest (RF), and eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithms were used to construct risk prediction models in the training set, and model performance was verified in the validation set. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Brier score were employed to evaluate the discrimination and calibration of the model, respectively. Clinical utility of the Lasso‐logistic regression model was analysed using decision curve analysis (DCA). The median (Q1, Q3) age of the study population was 70 (61, 77) years, and 39.5% were female. MA events occurred in 117 patients (4.2%) during hospitalization. In the training set (n = 1964), the AUC of the XGBoost model was 0.998 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.997–1.000], which was higher than the other models (all P < 0.001). In the validation set (n = 830), there was no significant difference in AUC of Lasso‐logistic model 1 [AUC: 0.867 (95% CI 0.819–0.915)], Lasso‐logistic model 2 [AUC: 0.828 (95% CI 0.764–0.892)], MARS model [AUC: 0.852 (95% CI 0.793–0.910)], RF model [AUC: 0.804 (95% CI 0.726–0.881)], and XGBoost model [AUC: 0.864 (95% CI 0.810–0.918); all P > 0.05], which were higher than that of CART model [AUC: 0.743 (95% CI 0.661–0.824); all P < 0.05]. Brier scores for all prediction models were less than 0.05. DCA results showed that the Lasso‐logistic model had a net clinical benefit. Oral antiarrhythmic drug, left bundle branch block, serum magnesium, d‐dimer, and random blood glucose were significant predictors in half or more of the models.ConclusionsThe current study findings suggest that ML models based on the Lasso‐logistic regression, MARS, RF, and XGBoost algorithms can effectively predict the risk of MA in hospitalized HF patients. The Lasso‐logistic model had better clinical interpretability and ease of use than the other models.
In‐process image of machine tools – Transient‐thermal and dynamic simulation of moving structures
Authors: Kreißl Tim , Regel Joachim , Wabner Markus , Putz Matthias 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe aim of structural mechanics simulation is to better represent the working accuracy of machine tools. The visualization is done in process, that is, during the machine movement. It is realized by reading out the control values and the subsequent simulation of the structural–mechanical behavior of the machine. This procedure allows deviations in the working accuracy outside the control loop to be taken into account, which cannot be detected by the measuring system. This allows an improved statement on the achievable working accuracy and enables the operator to react to any deviations in the machine accuracy. In contrast, the thermal behavior of machine tools focuses on an observation level which is characterized by long and strongly varying time constants. In contrast to process control, the term “thermal real time” addresses the seconds to hours range. For the implementation, a three‐axis demonstrator machine with discrete elements was modeled.
The dynamics of introgression across an avian radiation
Authors: Singhal Sonal , Derryberry Graham E. , Bravo Gustavo A. , Derryberry Elizabeth P. , Brumfield Robb T. , Harvey Michael G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHybridization and resulting introgression can play both a destructive and a creative role in the evolution of diversity. Thus, characterizing when and where introgression is most likely to occur can help us understand the causes of diversification dynamics. Here, we examine the prevalence of and variation in introgression using phylogenomic data from a large (1300+ species), geographically widespread avian group, the suboscine birds. We first examine patterns of gene tree discordance across the geographic distribution of the entire clade. We then evaluate the signal of introgression in a subset of 206 species triads using Patterson's D-statistic and test for associations between introgression signal and evolutionary, geographic, and environmental variables. We find that gene tree discordance varies across lineages and geographic regions. The signal of introgression is highest in cases where species occur in close geographic proximity and in regions with more dynamic climates since the Pleistocene. Our results highlight the potential of phylogenomic datasets for examining broad patterns of hybridization and suggest that the degree of introgression between diverging lineages might be predictable based on the setting in which they occur.
The effect of short radiation treatment breaks on chemo‐radiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancers
Authors: Rybkin Alisa , Kang Jung Julie , Lee Anna , Kitpanit Sarin , Fan Ming , Mohamed Nader , Cartano Olivia , Zakeri Kaveh , Gelblum Daphna , Sherman Eric , Dunn Lara , Boyle Jay , Wong Richard , Chen Linda , Yu Yao , McBride Sean M. , Tsai C. Jillian , Riaz Nadeem , Lee Nancy Y. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundNumerous studies and guidelines suggest an outcome detriment from radiation treatment breaks (rTBs) and the need for compensatory dosing in patients with head and neck cancer.MethodsIn a consecutive cohort of 521 patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), we investigated the impact of rTBs and prolongation of overall treatment time (OTT) on OS, DFS, LRC, and cancer recurrence using competing risk and multivariate analyses.ResultsNeither OTT prolongation by ≤2 days nor rTBs of ≤3 days were associated with detriments to clinical outcomes. Consecutive breaks of ≥3 days were also not significantly associated with detriment to clinical outcomes. There was significantly increased competing mortality in those with longer breaks.ConclusionsIn OPSCC patients treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy, there is no significant association between disease failure and total rTBs of ≤3 consecutive or scattered days. Further investigation is needed for longer breaks.
A Novel Approach to Evaluating Cardiac Surgery Providers: An Alternative to the RAMR
Authors: Pitocco Christine , Sexton Thomas R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe propose an alternative to the Risk Adjusted Mortality Rate (RAMR), about which we identify four serious concerns. We apply our method to cardiac surgery.DesignWe present a methodology that uses the upper and lower tail probabilities (UTP/LTP) of the binomial distribution to screen for poor/high performing providers.Study SettingThe New York State Department of Health (NYS DOH) publicly releases data on all cardiac surgery patients in the state. We download cardiac surgery data from the NYS DOH website for the years 2011 through 2013. The state's objective is to identify poorly performing hospitals and surgeons and thereby reduce deaths. NYS employs the RAMR.ResultsThe UTP/LTP approach agrees with the RAMR in its classification of all 132 surgeons and all 40 hospitals. However, performance is a continuous construct and strict categorization can lead to failure to identify marginal providers.ConclusionsOur methodology addresses all four concerns regarding the RAMR. The UTP/LTP approach avoids inappropriate hypothesis testing and is consistent with standard statistical theory and practice in its approach to case volume. It does not require confidence intervals and it applies to all providers regardless of case volume.
Iodine excess induces hepatic, renal and pancreatic injury in female mice as determined by attenuated total reflection Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometry
Authors: Guo Yang , Hu Chunhui , Xia Bintong , Zhou Xianwen , Luo Sihan , Gan Ruijia , Duan Peng , Tan Yan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLimited knowledge of the long‐term effects of excessive iodine (EI) intake on biomolecular signatures in the liver/pancreas/kidney prompted this study. Herein, following 6 months of exposure in mice to 300, 600, 1200 or 2400 μg/L iodine, the biochemical signature of alterations to the liver/pancreas/kidney was profiled using attenuated total reflection Fourier‐transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis‐linear discriminant analysis (PCA‐LDA). Our research showed that serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), insulin, blood glucose levels and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) index in the 1200 and 2400 μg/L iodine‐treated groups were significantly increased compared with those in the control group. Moreover, histological analysis showed that the liver/kidney/pancreas tissues of mice exposed to EI treatment displayed substantial morphological abnormalities, such as a loss of hepatic architecture, glomerular cell vacuolation and pancreatic neutrophilic infiltration. Notably, EI treatment caused distinct biochemical signature segregation between EI‐exposed versus the control liver/pancreas/kidney. The main biochemical alterations between EI‐exposed and control groups were observed for protein phosphorylation, protein secondary structures and lipids. The ratios of amide I‐to‐amide II (1674 cm−1/1570 cm−1), α‐helix‐to‐β‐sheet (1657 cm−1/1635 cm−1), glycogen‐to‐phosphate (1030 cm−1/1086 cm−1) and the peptide aggregation (1 630 cm−1/1650 cm−1) level of EI‐treated groups significantly differed from the control group. Our study demonstrated that EI induced hepatic, renal and pancreatic injury by disturbing the structure, metabolism and function of the cell membrane. This finding provides the new method and implication for human health assessment regarding long‐term EI intake.
Synergistic effect of anethole and doxorubicin alleviates cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and ER stress and promotes ROS‐mediated apoptosis in triple‐negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Arumugam Poornima , Sampathkumar Banupriya , Perumalsamy Haribalan , Balusamy Sri Renukadevi , Ramesh Vignesh , Sundaravadevel Sumathi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe heterogeneity and poor prognosis of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) have limited the treatment options and made clinical management challenging. This has nurtured a major effort to discover druggable molecular targets. Currently, chemotherapy is the primary treatment strategy for this disease. Doxorubicin is the most frequently used chemotherapeutic drug for TNBC and due to the fact that chemotherapeutic drugs have a lot of side effects, we evaluated the synergistic effect of the phytocompound anethole and doxorubicin. The cytotoxic effect of anethole in combination with doxorubicin on MDA‐MB‐231 cells was evaluated by various parameters, including apoptosis, cell cycle analysis, DNA damage, and cell proliferation. Furthermore, mitochondrial membranepotential (MMP), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were also evaluated in the cells treated with/without anethole and doxorubicin. Expression of the apoptotic proteins was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Initial evaluation of cytotoxicity of anethole on MDA‐MB‐231 cells demonstrated preferential suppression of cell proliferation and when treated along with doxorubicin it showed enhanced cytotoxicity with a synergistic effect. Cell cycle analysis revealed arrest at different stages of the cell cycle, such as sub G0‐G1, G0‐G1, S, and G2M in various treatment groups and apoptotic cell death was subsequently evident with propidium iodide (PI) staining. The synergistic action of anethole and doxorubicin effectively induced mitochondrial membrane potential loss, which, in turn, led to a burst of ROS production, which eventually produced unfolded protein response by damaging the ER. Synergistic anticancer effect was observed on exposure of MDA‐MB‐231 cells to anethole and doxorubicin in inducing cell death.
L‐serine polymorphism controlled by optical trapping with high‐repetition‐rate femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Wang Wen‐Chi , Wang Shun‐Fa , Sugiyama Teruki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis work first demonstrates polymorph control of amino acids by optical trapping with high‐repetition‐rate (80 MHz) femtosecond (fs) laser pulses. A saturated aqueous solution of L‐serine (L‐Ser) is irradiated by laser pulses to trigger crystallization, and the polymorphism of the resultant crystals is systematically investigated as a function of laser power and polarization. Irradiating near the contact line (three‐phase point) of the solution triggers L‐Ser crystallization, either at the laser focus or away from the laser focus. In‐situ Raman spectroscopy for all the generated crystals reveals that fs laser irradiation yields two types of L‐Ser polymorphs, which are identified as monohydrate and anhydrous forms (Form 1 and Form 2, respectively). When the average laser power is constant, only left‐circular polarization produces Form 1 with a 60% probability, whereas all other polarizations, linear and right‐circular polarization, produce Form 2 with 100% probability. The dynamics of this unique polymorphism depending on the handedness of the circular polarization and the mechanism behind it are discussed in terms of the trapping efficiency of the pre‐nucleation (liquid‐like) clusters, which depends on the differences in refractive index and the arrangement of the liquid‐like clusters reflecting the given laser polarization.