bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional electromagnetic inversion of transfer function data from controlled sources
Authors: Rulff Paula , Kalscheuer Thomas , Bastani Mehrdad , Zbinden Dominik 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe develop a three‐dimensional inversion code to image the resistivity distribution of the subsurface from frequency‐domain controlled‐source electromagnetic data. Controlled‐source electromagnetic investigations play an important role in many different geophysical prospecting applications. To evaluate controlled‐source electromagnetic data collected with complex measurement setups, advanced three‐dimensional modelling and inversion tools are required.We adopt a preconditioned non‐linear conjugate gradient algorithm to enable three‐dimensional inversion of impedance tensor and vertical magnetic transfer function data produced by multiple sets of two independent active sources. Forward simulations are performed with a finite‐element solver. Increased sensitivities at source locations can optionally be counteracted with a weighting function in the regularization term to reduce source‐related anomalies in the resistivity model. We investigate the capabilities of the inversion code using one synthetic and one field example. The results demonstrate that we can produce reliable subsurface models, although data sets from single pairs of independent sources remain challenging.
Proteomic serum profiles before and after lipoprotein apheresis in patients with peripheral artery disease with ulceration
Authors: Ishiga Kohei , Uehara Tatsuki , Wakui Hiromichi , Azushima Kengo , Ueda Eiko , Kanai Daisuke , Sotozawa Mari , Kobayashi Ryu , Kinguchi Sho , Kanaoka Tomohiko , Haze Tatsuya , Toya Yoshiyuki , Tamura Kouichi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe efficacy of lipoprotein apheresis (LA) in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has been primarily attributed to its anti‐atherosclerotic effects through the adsorption of lipoproteins. However, the other potential effects of LA remain unknown. We evaluated changes in serum profiles before and after LA using a comprehensive analysis to explore the underlying mechanism.MethodsTen patients with leg ulcers were included from the LETS‐PAD study, in which patients with lipoprotein‐controlled PAD underwent LA. Serum samples collected at baseline and 1 month after LA were analyzed for proteomic changes.ResultsSix patients exhibited ulcer epithelialization and skin perfusion pressure improvement. Proteomic analysis identified 2033 proteins. Fifty‐five proteins showed significant differences. B‐cell lymphoma protein‐2 associated X (BAX) and C‐X‐C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) were downregulated.ConclusionSerum BAX and CXCL10 levels significantly decreased after LA, which may be involved in the ulcer epithelialization mechanism of LA, which potentially acts through angiogenesis promotion.
hURAT1 Transgenic Mouse Model for Evaluating Targeted Urate‐Lowering Agents
Authors: Cai Weiyan , Yang Miyi , Zhao Qinghe , Yi Guohua , Lin Peihui , Chen Apeng , De Gejing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundUrate transporter 1 (URAT1) is a well‐known therapeutic target for reducing urate levels in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. However, current pharmacological studies have failed to evaluate the efficacy of URAT1 inhibitors in non‐primate animal models. We established a human URAT1 (hURAT1) transgenic knock‐in (KI) mouse model to assess uricosuric agents' effectiveness and characterize URAT1‐caused pathogenesis.MethodsWe generated hURAT1 transgenic mice using CRISPR/Cas9 KI technique. mUrat1 knockout was achieved by replacing exon 1 coding sequence with a human SLC22A12 coding sequence (CDS)‐pA cassette. Based on the above transgenic mice, a hyperuricemia model was further established by hypoxanthine administration.ResultsThe hURAT1‐KI mice successfully expressed hURAT1 protein to the apical side of the kidney proximal tubule epithelium, where native human URAT1 is localized in human kidney. Upon hypoxanthine challenge, the blood uric acid (UA) level was elevated in hURAT1‐KI mice (251 μmol/L), showing an approximately 37% increase compared to wild‐type (WT) mice (183.5 μmol/L). The elevated blood UA level could be alleviated by hURAT1 inhibitor benzbromarone treatment in the hURAT1‐KI mice (164.2 μmol/L vs. 251 μmol/L, p < 0.05) whereas no response was observed in WT littermates (168.8 μmol/L vs. 183.5 μmol/L).ConclusionThe hURAT1‐KI hyperuricemia mouse model would be valuable for preclinical evaluation of gout treatment with urate‐lowering drugs and for studying UA metabolic complexities in humans.
Effects of Aging on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Mice
Authors: Lien Evan C. , Vu Ngoc , Westermark Anna M. , Danai Laura V. , Lau Allison N. , Gültekin Yetiş , Kukurugya Matthew A. , Bennett Bryson D. , Vander Heiden Matthew G. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAging is accompanied by multiple molecular changes that contribute to aging associated pathologies, such as accumulation of cellular damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Tissue metabolism can also change with age, in part, because mitochondria are central to cellular metabolism. Moreover, the cofactor NAD+, which is reported to decline across multiple tissues during aging, plays a central role in metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the oxidative synthesis of nucleotides, amino acids, and lipids. To further characterize how tissue metabolism changes with age, we intravenously infused [U‐13C]‐glucose into young and old C57BL/6J, WSB/EiJ, and diversity outbred mice to trace glucose fate into downstream metabolites within plasma, liver, gastrocnemius muscle, and brain tissues. We found that glucose incorporation into central carbon and amino acid metabolism was robust during healthy aging across these different strains of mice. We also observed that levels of NAD+, NADH, and the NAD+/NADH ratio were unchanged in these tissues with healthy aging. However, aging tissues, particularly brain, exhibited evidence of upregulated fatty acid and sphingolipid metabolism reactions that regenerate NAD+ from NADH. These data suggest that NAD+‐generating lipid metabolism reactions may help to maintain the NAD+/NADH ratio during healthy aging.
The status of dental sleep medicine education in Australia and New Zealand in 2024
Authors: Tiwari L , Gikas A , Balasubramaniam R 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the current status of dental sleep medicine education across dental schools in Australia and New Zealand and gain further insights into the educational background of dentists who have sat the Australasian Sleep Association Fellow of Dental Sleep Medicine examination in 2023.MethodsOnline surveys were carried out, and descriptive statistics were used to analyse data.ResultsAll dental schools responded to the survey. Seventy per cent of the schools included dental sleep medicine as part of their curriculum, with an average total teaching time of 2.6 h. Dentists who sat the Fellow of dental sleep medicine examination spent on average 87 h preparing for the examination. All dental schools included discussion on pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea and oral appliance therapy, but did not adequately discuss advanced sleep medicine topics, clinical aspects in treatment planning or contemporary dental sleep medicine topics, whereas dentists that completed the Fellow of dental sleep medicine examination gained knowledge in all aspects of the field.ConclusionFindings from the study reveal that dental schools across Australia and New Zealand are not delivering adequate levels of education in dental sleep medicine, and hence the current dental sleep medicine curriculum needs to be reviewed and improved.
The Effect of Housing Prices on Urban Innovation Capability: New Evidence From 246 Chinese Cities
Authors: Chen Zuanxu , Li Mingyang , Zhang Marina 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the impact of rising housing prices on urban innovation capabilities from a comprehensive and systemic perspective, using panel data from 246 Chinese cities from 2004 to 2020. The findings challenge traditional views that emphasize only the negative effects of high housing prices on innovation. Instead, the analysis reveals that rising housing prices can enhance urban innovation through specific mechanisms. These include attracting and concentrating talent and generating spatial spillover effects that benefit neighboring cities. The study employs feasible methodological approaches, including the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), to measure urban innovation capability and spatial econometric models to capture spillover effects. The results provide valuable insights for policymakers to promote urban innovation, including stabilizing housing markets, optimizing industrial structures, attracting high‐skilled individuals, and establishing inter‐city innovation coordination mechanisms. This research contributes a novel theoretical framework for understanding the complex relationship between housing prices and urban innovation, enriching the fields of urban economics and innovation studies.
BLOC1S1 Control of Vacuolar Organelle Fidelity Modulates Murine TH2 Cell Immunity and Allergy Susceptibility
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Wu Kaiyuan , Han Kim , Russo Anna Chiara , Dagur Pradeep K. , Combs Christian A. , Yao Xianglan , Levine Stewart J. , Sack Michael N. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe levels of biogenesis of lysosome organelles complex 1 subunit 1 (BLOC1S1) control mitochondrial and endolysosome organelle homeostasis and function. Reduced fidelity of these vacuolar organelles is increasingly being recognized as important in instigating cell‐autonomous immune cell activation. We reasoned that exploring the role of BLOC1S1 in CD4+ T cells may further advance our understanding of regulatory events linked to mitochondrial and/or endolysosomal function in adaptive immunity.MethodsCD4+ T cells were analyzed from control and CD4+ T‐cell‐specific BLOC1S1 knockout mice. Polarization profiles were assayed using biochemical and molecular signatures, and signaling pathways were disrupted pharmacologically or via siRNA. Mouse models of airway and skin inflammation were generated by Ovalbumin and MC903 exposure, respectively.ResultsTH2 regulator GATA3 and phosphorylated STAT6 were preferentially induced in BLOC1S1‐depleted primary CD4+ T (TKO) cells. The levels of IL‐4, IL‐5, and IL‐13 were markedly induced in the absence of BLOC1S1. At the organelle level, mitochondrial DNA leakage evoked cGAS‐STING and NF‐κB pathway activation with subsequent TH2 polarization. The induction of autophagy with rapamycin reduced cytosolic mtDNA and reversed these TH2 signatures. Furthermore, genetic knockdown of STING and NF‐κB inhibition ameliorated this immune regulatory cascade in TKO cells. Finally, at a functional level, TKO mice displayed an increased susceptibility to allergic conditions, including dermatitis and allergic asthma.ConclusionsBLOC1S1 depletion in mouse CD4+ T cells mediated disruption of mitochondrial integrity to initiate a predominant TH2‐responsive phenotype via STING‐NF‐κB‐driven signaling of the canonical TH2 regulatory program.
The Value of P‐Wave Parameters Changes in Predicting Catheter Ablation Outcomes for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Antoun Ibrahim , Li Xin , Vali Zakariyya , Kotb Ahmed , Abdelrazik Ahmed , Koev Ivelin , Somani Riyaz , Ng G. André 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the most promising management method for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). The P wave in the electrocardiogram (ECG) represents atrial depolarization. This study aims to correlate P‐wave parameters after PVI with outcomes.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective study included consecutive patients with first‐time PVI for PAF between 2018 and 2019 and targeted pulmonary veins (PVs). Procedure success was defined by freedom of ECG‐documented AF at 12 months. Digital 12 leads ECGs with 1–50 hertz bandpass filter were monitored before the procedure. P‐wave amplitude (PWA) and P‐wave terminal force in V1 (PTFV1) Corrected P‐wave duration (PWDc), and P‐wave dispersion (PWDisp), were measured before and after ablation.ResultsThe final analysis included 180 patients, of which 130 (72%) had successful ablations and 53 (30%) had radiofrequency ablation (RF). Males comprised 71% of the patients; the mean age was 60. Demographics were similar between both arms p < 0.001. Patients with failed PVI had increased PWDc after PVI (139–146 ms, p < 0.001) compared to patients with successful PVI. PWA increased significantly after failed PVI (1.6–2 mV, p < 0.001) and successful PVI (1.6–1.8 mV, p = 0.008). PWD (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–4.2, p < 0.001) and PWA (HR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2–2.9, p = 0.03) were independently associated with PVI failure at 12 months. PWdisp and PTFV1 were not correlated with outcomes.ConclusionIncreased PWDc and PWA after PVI were independently associated with failed ablation for PAF, supporting the role of P‐wave parameters in predicting outcomes.
A comparison of the accuracy and feasibility of a low‐cost mobile application versus higher‐cost handheld 3D scanner for digital ear prosthetics
Authors: Darbari Kaul Rhea , Duong Cindy , Ma Jolande , Sayyar Sepidar , Wallace Gordon , Dunn Masako , Cheng Kai , Fleming Sophie , Whereat Sarah , Clark Jonathan , Mukherjee Payal 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundFacial prosthetics are an important means to rehabilitate patients with congenital or acquired facial defects. However, with a time‐consuming manual workflow and workforce shortage, access to facial prosthetics is limited in Australia and worldwide, especially for rural and remote patients. Optical 3D scanning has been increasingly integrated in digitizing data. With the development of TrueDepth® camera technology on smartphones, there is increasing availability of mobile applications which can generate 3D images to improve accessibility and reduce cost. This study compares the accuracy of mobile phone applications to high resolution 3D scanners for auricular data acquisition.MethodsWe conducted a case–control study comparing the EM3D smartphone application (EM3D) with the EinScan Pro 2× Plus Shining 3D handheld scanner (EinScan) in 22 healthy participants equating to 44 ears, using CloudCompare software analysis.ResultsOn average, EM3D acquired images 2.5 minutes quicker than the EinScan. The mean absolute directional distance difference was 1.10 mm, within the accepted deviation range of 2 mm. Out of the 44 ears, only 1 ear (2.27%) did not meet the accepted value of accuracy within 2 mm. The average completeness was 85% and the overall quality of images obtained from EinScanand EM3D were 53.5% and 57.7%, respectively, through observational analysis.ConclusionMobile iPhone applications such as EM3D are a viable alternative to 3D handheld scanners such as EinScan. This study demonstrates reliable results in accuracy, and improved results in time, cost and operational feasibility.
Short‐Term Outcomes of a Novel Hybrid Technique, Minimally Invasive Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery (MILAR) Using the da Vinci SP System for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yoshikawa Takaki , Hayashi Tsutomu , Nishino Masashi , Ogawa Rei , Fujisaki Yurina , Wada Takeyuki , Yamagata Yukinori , Seto Yasuyuki 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRobotic surgery may have shown advantages over conventional laparoscopic surgery, but the da Vinci SP system, which utilizes a single incision, has had limited use in gastric cancer surgery. This study aims to evaluate the short‐term outcomes of a novel hybrid technique, minimally invasive laparoscopic and robotic surgery (MILAR), with the da Vinci SP system for gastric cancer.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed 23 consecutive patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer using the MILAR technique with the da Vinci SP system between May and October 2024. Operative time, blood loss, and morbidity were analyzed.ResultsThe median operation time was 192 min (191 min for distal gastrectomy, 174 min for proximal gastrectomy, and 308 min for total gastrectomy). Blood loss was minimal, with a median of 13 mL and no patient exceeding 250 mL. Postoperative complications were also minimal; one patient developed a grade II intra‐abdominal fluid infection and another had grade II enteritis. There were no anastomotic leakages or pancreatic fistulas, and no grade III or higher complications were observed.ConclusionsMILAR using the da Vinci SP system is feasible and safe for gastric cancer surgery, with minimal blood loss and acceptable operative times. This is the first report from Japan showing the successful application of this system in gastric cancer, offering new prospects in minimally invasive surgery.
Population modelling of nilotinib exposure vs. longitudinal BCR::ABL1 response in patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukaemia using a semimechanistic disease model
Authors: Sy Sherwin K. B. , Yoon Deok Yong , Darstein Christelle , Yang Yiqun , Dasgupta Kohinoor , Kapoor Shruti , Hoch Matthias , Grosch Kai 
Published: December 2024

AimsThis study aims to evaluate the exposure–efficacy relationship of nilotinib and longitudinal BCR::ABL1 levels in patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome–positive chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase (CML‐CP) and those who are imatinib‐resistant or intolerant using a semimechanistic disease model.MethodsThe analysis included 489 CML‐CP patients from 3 nilotinib trials (NCT00109707; NCT00471497; NCT01043874) with duration of follow‐up ranging from 2 to 9 years. The semimechanistic disease model of CML‐CP consisted of quiescent leukaemic stem cells, proliferating drug‐susceptible and ‐resistant bone marrow cells. Drug effect on the elimination of susceptible cells was characterized by a maximum response model based on the individual daily area under the concentration–time curve over the last 24 h simulated using their empirical Bayes estimates from a population pharmacokinetic model. The influence of line of therapy was evaluated on model parameters and its impact was investigated through simulations of the major molecular response (MMR) rate, defined as the proportion of the simulated profiles that achieved BCR::ABL1 level of ≤0.1% at 48 and 96 weeks of treatment.ResultsThe final disease model was based on a truncated 3‐year data that characterized the biphasic pattern of BCR::ABL1 transcript profiles. Line of therapy was a significant covariate of the drug kill effect, susceptible and resistant cells. Simulations of BCR::ABL1 time course predicted MMR rates at 48 weeks and 96 weeks for both nilotinib 300 and 400 mg twice‐daily of 66–71 and 77–82% in first‐line, and 34–39 and 46–54% in second‐line, respectively. Results are consistent with observed MMR rates in the respective trials.ConclusionThe ability to distinguish molecular response between lines of therapy is demonstrated using model‐based analysis. These nilotinib information enable the extrapolation of novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., asciminib) response to other lines of therapy in patients with CML‐CP.
A Competency Framework for AI Literacy: Variations by Different Learner Groups and an Implied Learning Pathway
Authors: Chee Hyunkyung , Ahn Solmoe , Lee Jihyun 
Published: December 2024

This study aims to develop a comprehensive competency framework for artificial intelligence (AI) literacy, delineating essential competencies and sub‐competencies. This framework and its potential variations, tailored to different learner groups (by educational level and discipline), can serve as a crucial reference for designing and implementing AI curricula. However, the research on AI literacy by target learners is still in its infancy, and the findings of several existing studies provide inconsistent guidelines for educational practices. Following the 2020 PRISMA guidelines, we searched the Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases to identify relevant studies published between January 2012 and October 2024. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using QualSyst. A total of 29 studies were identified, and their research findings were synthesized. Results show that at the K‐12 level, the required competencies include basic AI knowledge, device usage, and AI ethics. For higher education, the focus shifts to understanding data and algorithms, problem‐solving, and career‐related competencies. For general workforce, emphasis is placed on the interpretation and utilization of data and AI tools for specific careers, along with error detection and AI‐based decision‐making. This study connects the progression of specific learning objectives, which should be intensively addressed at each stage, to propose an AI literacy education pathway. We discuss the findings, potentials, and limitations of the derived competency framework for AI literacy, including its theoretical and practical implications and future research suggestions.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

AI literacy is becoming increasingly important as AI technologies are integrated into various aspects of life and work.
Research on AI literacy competencies across diverse learner groups and disciplines remains fragmented and inconsistent to guide educational practices.
Studies providing a coherent pathway for AI literacy development throughout educational and working life are lacking.
What this paper adds

A comprehensive AI literacy competency framework consisting of 8 competencies and 18 sub‐competencies.
Variations in AI literacy competencies with tailored configuration and prioritization across different learner groups by school levels and disciplines.
A proposed pathway for developing AI literacy from K‐12 to higher education and workforce levels.
Implications for practice and policy

The framework can guide the design and implementation of AI curricula tailored to different learner characteristics and needs.
Education should shift focus from teaching how to use AI to fostering competencies for critical, strategic, responsible and ethical integration of AI.
Policies are needed to support a systematic pathway for lifelong AI literacy development from K‐12 education to workforce training.
Protective role of Angiogenin in muscle regeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications
Authors: Fabbrizio Paola , Baindoor Sharada , Margotta Cassandra , Su Junyi , Morrissey Elena P. , Woods Ina , Hogg Marion C. , Vianello Sara , Venø Morten T. , Kjems Jørgen , Sorarù Gianni , Bendotti Caterina , Prehn Jochen H. M. , Nardo Giovanni 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neuromuscular disease with no effective treatments, in part caused by variations in progression and the absence of biomarkers. Mice carrying the SOD1G93A transgene with different genetic backgrounds show variable disease rates, reflecting the diversity of patients. While extensive research has been done on the involvement of the central nervous system, the role of skeletal muscle remains underexplored. We examined the impact of angiogenin, including its RNase activity, in skeletal muscles of ALS mouse models and in biopsies from ALS patients. Elevated levels of angiogenin were found in slowly progressing mice but not in rapidly progressing mice, correlating with increased muscle regeneration and vascularisation. In patients, higher levels of angiogenin in skeletal muscles correlated with milder disease. Mechanistically, angiogenin promotes muscle regeneration and vascularisation through satellite cell‐endothelial interactions during myogenesis and angiogenesis. Furthermore, specific angiogenin‐derived tiRNAs were upregulated in slowly progressing mice, suggesting their role in mediating the effects of angiogenin. These findings highlight angiogenin and its tiRNAs as potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for ALS, offering avenues for patient stratification and interventions to mitigate disease progression by promoting muscle regeneration.