bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valuasi ekonomi dan pengelolaan mangrove secara berkelanjutan di desa Jangkang Kecamatan Bantan
Authors: Muhtady Rizal , Thamrin Thamrin , Darwis Darwis 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the direct economic valuation, index value and sustainability status, and strategy for the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem in Jangkang Village. The research method of calculating direct economic valuation is carried out using a market approach. To assess the index and status of sustainability with a multidimensional scaling (MDS) approach through the ordination technique Rapid Appraisal For Status Of Mangrove (Rap-Mangrove). The results showed that in direct economic valuation, the shrimp fishing sector has a greater potential compared to other sectors. The total economic value of shrimp is IDR 1,440,000,000 / year, capture fisheries is IDR 686,400,000 / year and panglong charcoal IDR 447,500,000 / year. The multidimensional results of the index value and the status of the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem in Jangkang Village obtained a value of 50.76 in the less sustainable category. The results of the analysis leverage show that of the 18 indicators, there are 10 sensitive indicators that affect the sustainability status of Jangkang Village. To increase the sustainability status of sensitive indicators, strategies that can be carried out include participatory rehabilitation, development of alternative livelihoods, counseling for the Akit Tribe to maintain local wisdom values, and intensive approaches to community leaders.
Overturning Wrongful Convictions by Way of the Extraordinary Review
Authors: Bachmaier Winter Lorena , Martínez Santos Antonio 
Published: March 2021

Overturning Wrongful Convictions by Way of the Extraordinary Review: The Spanish Experience
According to the traditional view, the ultimate aim of the extraordinary review (recurso de revisión) provided in the Spanish justice system was to deal with wrongful criminal convictions and correct those serious miscarriages of justice which became apparent only after the judgment had become final. However, the 2015 reform called this traditional view into question by formally including two additional grounds for review that are not necessarily related to the correcting miscarriages or blatant mistakes in the assessment of the facts made by the sentencing court. This paper aims to give an overview of the extraordinary review in Spain. To that end it will first address the legal framework and its practical implementation, as well as present pitfalls and best practices. Finally, future trends and challenges will be identified in order to improve the protection of defendants who have suffered a wrongful conviction.
Un salaire minimum à 15 $ au Québec ? Impacts socio-économiques et obstacles à l’action collective
Authors: Soussi Sid Ahmed , Thibault-Leblanc Maxime 
Published: March 2021

Qu’en est-il du salaire minimum aujourd’hui et de la revendication d’une hausse à 15 $? Où en sont les campagnes menées au Québec par les organisations syndicales, les groupes d’action communautaire et les autres regroupements engagés sur ces enjeux ? Ce seuil de 15 $, devenu symbolique en Amérique du Nord, suscite des clivages et plusieurs constats montrent que ces campagnes se heurtent non seulement à des résistances de la part des organisations patronales – leurs « adversaires naturels » – et du gouvernement, mais aussi, paradoxalement, à des réticences au sein même des organisations syndicales et des groupes d’action communautaire ainsi que dans des milieux du travail à bas salaires et non syndiqués. Cet article dresse un bilan et une mise en contexte critique des « campagnes pour le 15 $ » au Québec au regard de celles menées aux États-Unis et dans le reste du Canada. Il s’appuie également sur les résultats d’une enquête visant deux objectifs. Premièrement, étudier les impacts qualitatifs d’une telle hausse sur les travailleurs dont la rémunération est comprise entre 15 $ et 19 $/h, une catégorie où se manifeste justement une partie des réticences observées (travailleurs syndiqués, indépendants, en PME, immigrants, etc.). Deuxièmement, analyser les interactions entre les organisations syndicales et non syndicales (groupes communautaires et autres) sur ces enjeux dans le contexte des différentes campagnes. Ces campagnes paraissent fragilisées par deux types d’obstacles. Le premier renvoie aux interactions intrasyndicales parfois tendues, d’une part, et d’autre part aux relations entre des groupes communautaires représentant une très large diversité d’intérêts (professionnels, communautaires, travailleur.se.s non-syndiqué.e.s, femmes, immigrants, etc.) qui affecte parfois leur cohésion. Le deuxième type d’obstacles concerne leurs relations externes : d’abord, « l’alliance naturelle » censée renforcer la collaboration entre les organisations syndicales et les groupes communautaires qui se heurte à certaines dissensions, ensuite les relations extérieures problématiques entretenues par cette coalition avec les autres acteurs de la société civile : les organisations patronales, les médias et, surtout… avec l’État.
« Ici, on fait tout, on touche à tout » : le « réel du travail » des préposées aux bénéficiaires dans les ressources intermédiaires au Québec
Authors: Laurence-Ruel Corynne 
Published: March 2021

Cet article, basé sur un terrain de recherche mené en 2018, s’intéresse à l’activité de travail des préposées aux bénéficiaires dans deux ressources intermédiaires à Montréal. Il s’intéresse plus précisément aux liens entre l’activité de travail de soin salarié, les difficultés vécues dans le « réel du travail » et les modalités de la division sexuelle du travail. Il vise à documenter les expériences des préposées et à rendre compte de certaines caractéristiques à partir d’une perspective féministe matérialiste du travail et de ses divisions. L’article est divisé en quatre parties. La première partie dresse d’abord un portrait des transformations sociohistoriques qui affectent ce secteur de soins, suivi d’une brève revue de la littérature. La troisième partie expose ensuite les principaux résultats de la recherche et, finalement, la dernière partie discute de ces résultats à la lumière d’une perspective féministe sur la transversalité des divisions sociales du travail. L’objectif consiste à éclairer certaines dynamiques qui participent de la précarisation des conditions de travail des préposées en tant que travailleuses.
Processes affecting size of fish schools in agent‐based model
Authors: Kiriyama Kazuto , Iwasa Yoh 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFish school size varies with several factors, such as environmental conditions, individual size, time of day, and variations between individuals. In this study, we investigate the mean size of fish schools formed in a simple agent‐based model, wherein each individual swims at a fixed speed with the direction modified by interactions with the neighbors. If alignment (tendency to swim in their neighbors' direction) is stronger than cohesion (tendency to swim toward the neighbors), then “marches” are formed, in which individuals swim in the same direction. If alignment is weaker than cohesion, then “circles” are formed, in which individuals chase one another and the entire group moves minimally. We analyzed various processes that control the shape and mean size of the schools. The school's shape is primarily affected by the magnitude of alignment, cohesion, and individual noises. In contrast, the mean size of the group is affected by several factors, including the spatial interaction range, initial configuration, individual differences in swimming speed, and sudden encounters with predators.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Defined Osteophyte Presence and Concomitant Cartilage Damage in Knees With Incident Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis: Data From the Pivotal Osteoarthritis Initiative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analyses Study
Authors: MacKay James , Guermazi Ali , Kwoh C. Kent , See P. L. Paul , Jarraya Mohamed , Li Ling , Hannon Michael J. , Fuji Tomoko , Roemer Frank W. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo describe compartmental frequencies of magnetic resonance image (MRI)–defined osteophytes and co‐localized cartilage damage and evaluate the associations of osteophyte size with any ipsicompartmental cartilage damage in knees with incident tibiofemoral radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsWe evaluated knees from the Osteoarthritis Initiative without radiographic knee OA at baseline that developed radiographic knee OA during a 4‐year interval. Semiquantitative MRI scoring of osteophytes and cartilage damage was performed at the time point when radiographic knee OA was diagnosed, defined as Kellgren/Lawrence grade of ≥2, using the MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score instrument. The frequencies of maximum osteophyte size and maximum grade of ipsicompartmental (i.e., patellofemoral, medial tibiofemoral, lateral tibiofemoral, posterior femur) cartilage damage were assessed. Generalized estimating equations were used to determine the association of MRI‐defined maximum osteophyte size with presence of any (excluding focal superficial defects) ipsicompartmental cartilage damage.ResultsA total of 296 knees that did not have tibiofemoral radiographic knee OA at the baseline visit but developed radiographic knee OA during the 48‐month observational period were included. In the patellofemoral, medial tibiofemoral, and lateral tibiofemoral compartments, the most frequent osteophyte grade was 1 (67.6%, 59.1%, and 51.7%, respectively) and was 0 (51.7%) in the posterior femur. For all compartments except the posterior femur, a linear trend was found between increasing maximum osteophyte size and the presence of any concomitant cartilage damage.ConclusionIn this sample of knees with incident tibiofemoral radiographic knee OA, the patellofemoral joint showed more severe cartilage damage than other compartments regardless of concomitant osteophyte size. In the posterior femur, cartilage damage was rare despite the presence or size of concomitant osteophytes.
Stable adaptive identification of fully‐coupled second‐order 6 degree‐of‐freedom nonlinear plant models for underwater vehicles: Theory and experimental evaluation
Authors: McFarland Christopher J. , Whitcomb Louis L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article reports the development, stability analysis, and experimental evaluation of a novel adaptive identification (AID) algorithm for underwater vehicles (UVs) for on‐line estimation of plant parameters (hydrodynamic mass, quadratic drag, righting moment, and buoyancy parameters) that enter linearly into 6 degree‐of‐freedom (6‐DOF) second‐order rigid‐body UV plant dynamic models. The reported UV AID method does not require instrumentation of vehicle acceleration as is required of other standard plant parameter identification methods such as conventional least squares. All but one previously reported adaptive methods for second‐order nonlinear plants have addressed the problem of model‐based adaptive tracking control—approaches in which adaptive plant model identification is performed simultaneously with model‐based trajectory‐tracking control of fully‐actuated second‐order plants; however, these approaches are not applicable when the plant is either uncontrolled, under open‐loop control, underactuated, or using any control law other than an algorithm‐specific adaptive tracking controller. The UV AID algorithm reported herein does not require simultaneous reference trajectory‐tracking control, nor does it require instrumentation of linear acceleration or angular acceleration; thus this novel approach complements previously reported adaptive tracking methods and is applicable to a broader class of UV applications for which fully‐actuated tracking control is impractical or infeasible. We report a experimental performance analysis of the UV AID algorithm in comparison to conventional least‐square identification methods, including comparison in cross‐validation where the performance of the experimentally identified plant models obtained in identification trials are compared to experimental trials differing from the identification trials.
Two‐Dimensional Metal Telluride Atomic Crystals: Preparation, Physical Properties, and Applications
Authors: Li Hongda , Li Chenpu , Tao Boran , Gu Shaonan , Xie Yuanmiao , Wu Hao , Zhang Gaojie , Wang Guofu , Zhang Wenfeng , Chang Haixin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAtom‐thick 2D metal telluride atomic crystals (2D MTACs) display many fascinating physical properties for potential applications in multiple fields. In this review, recent advances in the preparation, physical properties and applications of 2D MTACs are presented. First, three kinds of the most available preparation methods for 2D single crystal MTACs have been summarized, including single crystal‐based mechanical exfoliation, molecular beam epitaxy, and chemical vapor deposition. Second, the recent progress on abundant physical properties of 2D MTACs is briefly introduced, including surface electronic properties, optoelectronic properties, electronic transport, and thermoelectric properties, ferroelectric properties, superconducting properties, and ferromagnetic properties. Third, the potential electronics, spintronics, optoelectronics and energy applications of 2D MTACs are presented. Finally, some significant challenges and opportunities in 2D MTACs are briefly addressed.
Recent Development of Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts in Acidic Environment
Authors: An Li , Wei Chao , Lu Min , Liu Hanwen , Chen Yubo , Scherer Günther G. , Fisher Adrian C. , Xi Pinxian , Xu Zhichuan J. , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis is one of the most promising hydrogen production techniques. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) occurring at the anode dominates the overall efficiency. Developing active and robust electrocatalysts for OER in acid is a longstanding challenge for PEM water electrolyzers. Most catalysts show unsatisfied stability under strong acidic and oxidative conditions. Such a stability challenge also leads to difficulties for a better understanding of mechanisms. This review aims to provide the current progress on understanding of OER mechanisms in acid, analyze the promising strategies to enhance both activity and stability, and summarize the state‐of‐the‐art catalysts for OER in acid. First, the prevailing OER mechanisms are reviewed to establish the physicochemical structure–activity relationships for guiding the design of highly efficient OER electrocatalysts in acid with stable performance. The reported approaches to improve the activity, from macroview to microview, are then discussed. To analyze the problem of instability, the key factors affecting catalyst stability are summarized and the surface reconstruction is discussed. Various noble‐metal‐based OER catalysts and the current progress of non‐noble‐metal‐based catalysts are reviewed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for the development of active and robust OER catalysts in acid are discussed.
Oral Cancer Immunotherapy through a Simvastatin‐Loaded Colloidal Dispersion System for the Generation of Sustained Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Kim Seong A , Nam Gi‐hoon , Bae Young Rang , Jha Saurav Kumar , Kim Seohyun , Choi Yoonjeong , Lee Yeji , Kwon Minsu , Jeong Cheolhyun , Byun Youngro , Park Jin Woo , Kim In‐San 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStatins exhibit anticancer pleiotropic effects, such as the induction tumor‐specific apoptosis and the promotion antitumor immunity. However, due to low bioavailability, high doses are required to trigger such antitumor effects. In this study, an oral delivery system to improve bioavailability of simvastatin (SIMVA) is prepared and its application in combination with an oral anticancer formulation is investigated. A colloidal dispersion (CD) of SIMVA is prepared using Nα‐deoxycholyl‐l‐lysyl‐methylester (DL) to enhance a solubility and permeation (SIMVA/DL‐CD). Preparation of SIMVA/DL‐CD markedly increases the solubility and in vitro artificial membrane permeability of SIMVA by 291‐ and 4.68‐fold, respectively, compared to SIMVA in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide. The oral absorption of SIMVA/DL‐CD (20 mg kg−1 SIMVA) is significantly enhanced and its oral bioavailability is tenfold higher compared to that of free SIMVA. An in vivo study in CT26 tumor‐bearing mice receiving SIMVA/DL‐CD reveals substantial tumor growth suppression through upregulated anticancer immunity. In particular, the combination of oral SIMVA/DL‐CD and oxaliplatin powder formulation elicits considerable tumor‐suppressive effects and CD8+ T cell immunity. Furthermore, this combination therapy sensitizes antiprogramed cell death protein‐1 monoclonal antibody‐resistant tumors to checkpoint blockade. The current findings highlight the therapeutic potential of oral SIMVA/DL‐CD as an effective anticancer immunotherapy.
The Signature Features of COVID‐19 Pandemic in a Hybrid Mathematical Model—Implications for Optimal Work–School Lockdown Policy
Authors: Lazebnik Teddy , Bunimovich‐Mendrazitsky Svetlana 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe new COVID‐19 pandemic has challenged policymakers on key issues. Most countries have adopted “lockdown” policies to reduce the spatial spread of COVID‐19, but they have damaged the economic and moral fabric of society. Mathematical modeling in non‐pharmaceutical intervention policy management has proven to be a major weapon in this fight due to the lack of an effective COVID‐19 vaccine. A new hybrid model for COVID‐19 dynamics using both an age‐structured mathematical model based on the SIRD model and spatio‐temporal model in silico is presented, analyzing the data of COVID‐19 in Israel. Using the hybrid model, a method for estimating the reproduction number of an epidemic in real‐time from the data of daily notification of cases is introduced. The results of the proposed model are confirmed by the Israeli Lockdown experience with a mean square error of 0.205 over 2 weeks. The use of mathematical models promises to reduce the uncertainty in the choice of “Lockdown” policies. The unique use of contact details from 2 classes (children and adults), the interaction of populations depending on the time of day, and several physical locations, allow a new look at the differential dynamics of the spread and control of infection.
How to Reduce Charge Recombination in Organic Solar Cells: There are Still Lessons to Learn from P3HT:PCBM
Authors: Wilken Sebastian , Scheunemann Dorothea , Dahlström Staffan , Nyman Mathias , Parisi Jürgen , Österbacka Ronald 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSuppressing charge recombination is key for organic solar cells to become commercial reality. However, there is still no conclusive picture of how recombination losses are influenced by the complex nanoscale morphology. Here, new insight is provided by revisiting the P3HT:PCBM blend, which is still one of the best performers regarding reduced recombination. By changing small details in the annealing procedure, two model morphologies are prepared that vary in phase separation, molecular order, and phase purity, as revealed by electron tomography and optical spectroscopy. Both systems behave very similarly with respect to charge generation and transport, but differ significantly in bimolecular recombination. Only the system containing P3HT aggregates of high crystalline quality and purity is found to achieve exceptionally low recombination rates. The high‐quality aggregates support charge delocalization, which assists the re‐dissociation of interfacial charge‐transfer states formed upon the encounter of free carriers. For devices with the optimized morphology, an exceptional long hole diffusion length is found, which allows them to work as Shockley‐type solar cells even in thick junctions of 300 nm. In contrast, the encounter rate and the size of the phase‐separated domains appear to be less important.
Winter cover crop management in the production of organic flue‐cured tobacco
Authors: Hahn Samuel. L. , Woodley Alex. L. , Vann Matthew. C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLegume cover crops are not traditionally used in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.) production due to concerns related to unpredictability of N supply and extended mineralization affecting quality of cured tobacco leaf. This study was conducted to determine if cover cropping with legumes could mitigate organic N fertilizer investment in tobacco without compromising yield, value, or quality. In 2018 and 2019, three winter cover crops: hairy vetch (Vicia villosaRoth) (HV); Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativumvar.arvenseL.) (AWP); and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatumL.) (CC), were compared to a no‐cover crop control with typical organic N management in Rocky Mount and Kinston, NC. This study found no significant negative effects (α = .05) from legume cover cropping on yield or value of tobacco. In addition, AWP and HV increased yields between 13 and 37% compared to the no‐cover control. Value (US$ ha−1) did not differ from the control in 2018 or 2019 at any location, except at Kinston, where HV increased value 44% in 2019. In‐season soil samples suggest that HV provided N to tobacco up to flowering, however this did not negatively impact quality, yield, or value. Our research did not support grower concerns of prolonged N availability and found evidence that legume cover crops may allow for partial reduction in applied N without compromising the value of the product.
Solvent‐Free Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Direct Coupling of Phosphines and Aryl Chlorides via C−H Activation: An Efficient and Straight Access to Aryl‐Substituted Biarylphosphines
Authors: Zhang Ni‐Juan , Ma Wen‐Tao , Li Jia‐Wei , Liu Yue‐Jin , Zeng Ming‐Hua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn efficient and straightforward synthesis of aryl‐substituted biarylphosphines via unprotected amino acid‐accelerated ruthenium‐catalyzed P‐directed ortho‐C−H arylation reaction is described. This protocol utilized commercial and inexpensive (hetero)aryl chlorides as efficient arylating reagents under solvent‐free reaction conditions. Notably, diverse aryl bromides were also effective for this transformation. With the protocol, a wide variety of mono‐arylated biarylphosphines were obtained in moderate to high yields and excellent selectivity. Moreover, the aryl‐substituted phosphine exhibited higher catalytic performance than its precursor and other substituted phosphines in palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki coupling.