bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxygen and Renal Hemodynamics in the Conscious Rat
Authors: FLEMMING BERT , SEELIGER ERDMANN , WRONSKI THOMAS , STEER KATHARINA , ARENZ NICOLE , PERSSON PONTUS B. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.
Previous studies have suggested a link between renal metabolism and local kidney hemodynamics to prevent potential hypoxic injury of particularly vulnerable nephron segments, such as the outer medullary region. The present study used three different inspiratory oxygen concentrations to modify renal metabolic state in the conscious rat (hypoxia 10% O2, normoxia 20% O2, and hyperoxia 100% O2). Renal blood flow (RBF) was assessed by ultrasound transit time; renal perfusion pressure (RPP) was controlled by a hydroelectric servo-control device. Local RBF was estimated by laser-Doppler flux for the cortical and outer medullary region (2 and 4 mm below renal surface, respectively). Hypoxia led to a generalized significant increase in RBF, whereas hyperoxia-induced changes did not (hypoxia 6.6 ± 0.6 ml/min versus normoxia 5.7 ± 0.7 ml/min, P < 0.05). Moreover, regional and total RBF autoregulation was markedly attenuated by hypoxia. Conversely, hyperoxia enhanced RBF autoregulation. Under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions, medullary RBF was very well maintained, even at low RPP (medullary RBF: approximately 70% of control at 50 mmHg). The hypoxic challenge, however, significantly diminished the capacity to maintain medullary blood flow at low RPP (medullary RBF: approximately 30% of control at 50 mmHg, P < 0.05). These data suggest that renal metabolism and renal hemodynamics are closely intertwined. In response to acute hypoperfusion, the kidney succeeds in maintaining remarkably high medullary blood flow. This is not accomplished, however, when a concomitant hypoxic challenge is superimposed on RPP reduction.
Die Beziehungen zwischen dem Karpatenbecken und dem Mediterraneum von der II. Hälfte des 6. bis zum 8. Jahrhundert n. Chr. anhand Schmuckstücken und Kleidungszubehör
Authors: Blay Adrienn Katalin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract of PhD thesis submitted in 2020 to the Archaeology Doctoral Programme, Doctoral School of History, Eötvös Loránd University under the supervision of Tivadar Vida, Budapest and to the Institute of the Prehistory and Medieval Archaeology at the Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg (Breisgau) under the supervision of Sebastian Brather.
Management of cases of COVID-19 infection with acute respiratory failure: a narrative review
Authors: Alshaer Omar Rezk , Binobaid Abdullah Obaid , Saleh Ruzan Mohammed , Eldabbari Abdelrahman Abdrabou , Aldawsari Nasser Ibrahim , Alasmari Mubarak Mohammed , Alshamry Abdulkarim Thumail , Almutairi Aisha Nour , Alluqmani Musab Salem , Alzahrani Rayan Saeed , Alqahtani Mohammed Mana 
Published: May 2021

Corona viruses are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded large RNA viruses that affect humans and many animals. About 5% of COVID-19 patients need ICU admission due to ARDS, with a case fatality rate varying from 30% to 60%. Some patients need help other than supplementary oxygen, such as non-invasive ventilation or intubation. Before deciding the appropriate respiratory support for acute respiratory failure patients, concerns regarding the dangers of various treatments should be considered. During the treatment of COVID-19 patients, all respiratory therapies face a risk of aerosol-generating procedures. When treating COVID-19 patients, the priority and consideration should be personal safety devices and environmental control/engineering.
Economic Empowerment of the Poor Society in Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Ulfah Sitti , Toppe Patta , Taqwa Edhi , Anam Haerul 
Published: May 2021

The research objectives were to identify the processes, benefits, and efforts of implementing economic empowerment programs and formulating an economic empowerment model for the poor society in Sigi Regency. The data were obtained through a survey, structured interview, list of pair-wise comparison questions. A survey was conducted by providing a closed questionnaire based on a Likert scale with five answer choices, given to 113 samples: community administrators and members of micro-small scale business groups selected using a snowball sampling technique. Structured interview technique was with interview guidelines applied to regional apparatus organization, Regional People's Representative Assembly, Head of Sub-District (Camat), and Village Heads. A list of pair-wise comparison questions was to program facilitators. The analytical method used was a qualitative descriptive analysis method for implementing community empowerment and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for the Economic Empowerment Model for the poor in Sigi Regency. Implementation of community empowerment in Sigi Regency included the benefits of assistance received, procedures for requesting assistance, procedures for aid realization, the accuracy of aid targeting, quality and capacity of program assistants, benefits of local economic development, implementation of assistance, implementation of monitoring and evaluation. Those implementations had been running well based on the respondent's assessment. The process of raising awareness and shaping people's behavior, transforming knowledge, and increasing the capacity of the community, also received good responses. Likewise, group opportunities, group potential and protection, community, participation, and entrepreneurship received good responses. The Empowerment Model for the poor in disaster-prone areas was Economic Empowerment with the dominant role of assistants as empowerment actors, prioritizing protection and community support in their business activities.
POSSIBILITIES OF USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AT THE STAGES OF ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DEFECTS OF HARD TISSUES OF TEETH
Authors: Astashina Nataliya , Petrachev Artem , Kazakov Sergey , Nemenatov Il'ya 
Published: May 2021

Subject. The article reflects the results of research aimed at determining the rational design features and working out the manufacturing technology of micro-prostheses for the replacement of wedge-shaped dental defects.
The goal is to develop a new method of treatment of patients with wedge-shaped dental defects, based on the creation and implementation of micro-prostheses made using modern CAD/CAM technologies.
Methodology. A patent search and analysis of the literature data was carried out, which showed the need to develop a new replacement structure that meets the requirements of aesthetics, ensuring its durability and effectiveness of treatment. The resulting cavity was scanned, and the proposed structure was made from a block of feldspar ceramics (Cerec Blocs, Sirona, Germany) by grinding using the Cerec digital complex (Sirona, Germany).
Results. Based on the obtained data, a method for replacing wedge-shaped dental defects in the clinic of orthopedic dentistry was proposed, using the author's design of the inlay; rational features of the structure were developed and justified, and the method of its manufacture was developed, using CAD/CAM technologies.
Conclusions. To date, the use of digital technologies at the stages of orthopedic treatment of patients with defects of the hard tissues of the teeth, and in particular, when replacing wedge-shaped defects, is of particular relevance. It seems promising to introduce methods of scanning, three-dimensional modeling, and manufacturing of replacement structures by grinding, to replace this type of dental defects. The proposed method is modern and highly technological, and also allows you to get an accurate and aesthetic design of a complex shape, in one visit to the clinic by the patient.
TRADITIONAL METHODS OF CHRONIC RECURRENT AFTHOUS STOMATITIS THERAPY
Authors: Nikitina Elena , Borisova Eleonora 
Published: May 2021

Subject. Nowadays chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (CRAS) is still one of the few unsolved problems of modern dentistry, covering about 20% of the population, according to the World Health Organization.
This literature review provides information regarding the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment methods. Modern dentists dealing with the problem of CRAS, at the diagnostic stage, reveal various somatic pathologies, indicating their initial etiological cause of the disease onset. There are a lot of such reasons, but the majority of authors suppose that it is impossible to do without a complex etiopathogenetic treatment, consultations of related specialists in order to achieve a stable remission of CRAS. Many authors agree that physiotherapy should be included in the course of treatment along with medications. Despite a wide range of treatment methods, there is no really effective one, patients still suffer from relapses. The true etiological cause has also not been identified.
Aim — the analysis of modern ideas concerning the etiology and treatment of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Materials and methods. The study was performed on the basis of the search and analysis of the original literature sources in the following databases: Russia State Library, eLibrary, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar. The main selection of materials was carried out by keywords.
Results. The review of the literature sources describes the current understanding of the etiology and treatment of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis, the basic principles of physiotherapy of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
Conclusion. Analyzing the literature data, it can be concluded that the true cause of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis is not known. Each case must be analyzed separately, a complete examination of the patient must be carried out, identifying concomitant somatic pathology. Among the methods of treatment, the most promising is an integrated approach - drug therapy with the addition of physiotherapy. The most modern is laser therapy.
ORAL VIRAL LOAD OF SARS-COV-2 AND EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH NOVEL CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19)
Authors: Modina Tamara , Zinecker Daria , Kharitonova Maya , Mahdi Mohaimen , Mamaeva Elena , Usmanova Irina 
Published: May 2021

Object. SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus that causes the acute respiratory infection novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Cells expressing ACE 2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) receptors, which are present in many organs and tissues of humans, including the epithelium of the nose and mouth, are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. At the same time, hyperinflammation is characteristic of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), with a massive production of cytokines — the so-called cytokine storm [1]. Periodontal tissues are also highly sensitive to such hyperinflammatory reactions, which makes it possible to initiate an exacerbation of chronic periodontal pathology.
Objective: To determine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 oral reproduction and exacerbation of chronic periodontal disease in patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19).
Material and methods. Study of 18 patients of the COVID-hospital (Kazan), who are undergoing hospital treatment with a diagnosis of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19)/community-acquired pneumonia, was carried out. To test SARS-CoV-2, material was sampled with special sterile swabs and pins from the nasopharynx, periodontal pocket and tongue surface (respectively). The method of polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription (RT-PCR) was used.
Results. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in biomaterials from the nasopharynx, periodontal pocket and tongue surface 94.4% of patients with confirmed with new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) during acute inflammation (community-acquired pneumonia). At the same time, clinical examination showed that exacerbation of chronic generalized periodontitis was diagnosed in 100% of patients.
Conclusion. It is most likely that the exacerbation of chronic generalized periodontitis in patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is not associated with the reproduction of SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity, but is a consequence of hyperactivation of immune and inflammatory defense mechanisms.
Liberdade de empresa, identidade cooperativa e responsabilidade social do cooperativismo: a redenção do socialis et adminicula hominum
Authors: De Miranda José Eduardo , Corrêa Lima Andréa 
Published: May 2021

De acordo com a Constituição brasileira, a ordem econômica preconiza a liberdade de empresa, sempre e quando exercida com observância dos princípios que enaltecem a condição do homem e a qualidade do meio. Neste sentido, a responsabilidade social determina que todas as estratégias de negócio sejam pensadas e desenvolvidas otimizando o envolvimento das organizações com as questões que revelem-se prioritárias à realização das pessoas, direta ou indiretamente integradas ao negócio, e à melhoria das condições do entorno. Dentro desta ótica, a identidade cooperativa promulgada pela Aliança Cooperativa Internacional realça a integração do conceito de cooperativa aos valores e princípios que assentam que o homem é o início e o fim do Cooperativismo. Atuar em consonância com o bem social, e o bem do indivíduo, porquanto vértice representativo da responsabilidade social é, na essência, a causa e o efeito do próprio Cooperativismo. Este propósito, confirmou-se possível fora do ambiente das Cooperativas, através de desenvolvimento de um experimento prático, conduzido por um Grupo de Pesquisa implantado no Centro Universitário UNICNEC, na cidade de Osório, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.
Recibido: 02 febrero 2021Aceptado: 18 marzo 2021
Observation de lésions spontanées dans la glande thyroïde de moutons et de chèvres en Iran
Authors: Saiyari M. , Hoshiar Mandavi Mayahi M. , Sharma R.N. 
Published: May 2021

Une enquête conduite dans un abattoir à Ahwaz (Iran) a permis de mettre en évidence une incidence des lésions pathologiques dans la glande thyroîde, plus élevée chez les chèvres (6,54 %) que chez les moutons (2,8 %). On a décelé la présence d'un goitre chez 4,99 % des chèvres abattues et chez 1,96 % des moutons abattus. Cependant, la fréquence des kystes des corps ultimobranchiaux est trois fois plus élevée chez les moutons que chez les chèvres.
Efektivitas Sari Buah Lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. sebagai Khelating Agent Logam Berat Tembaga
Authors: Lindawati Novena Yety , Nofitasari Juni 
Published: May 2021

Pendahuluan: Lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. F merupakan salah satu buah yang mengandung asam sitrat. Asam Sitrat memiliki kemampuan mengikat logam berat, salah satunya logam berat tembaga. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas sari buah lemon dalam menurunkan logam berat tembaga. Uji Skrining fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder yang terdapat dalam sari buah lemon. Metode: Penentuan penurunan kadar logam berat tembaga dilakukan dengan cara perasan buah lemon ditambahkan logam simulasi tembaga 10 ppm yang dibaca dengan metode Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (AAS) dengan panjang gelombang 324,8 nm. Penentuan penurunan logam tembaga dilakukan dengan menggunakan seri konsentrasi sari buah lemon sebesar 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 dan 70%. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sari buah lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. mengandung metabolit berupa asam sitrat, alkaloid, saponin, dan steroid. Nilai rata-rata penurunan kadar logam tembaga setelah pemberian sari buah lemon kosentrasi 10% sebesar 0,69 (±0,42%), konsentrasi 20% sebesar 1,80 (± 0,42%), konsentrasi 30% sebesar 11,85 (± 1,28%), konsentrasi 40% sebesar 33,57 (± 0,33%), konsentrasi 50% sebesar 49,92 (± 0,86 %), konsentrasi 60% sebesar 54,14 (± 0,69%) dan konsentrasi 70% sebesar 64,89 (± 0,30%). Kesimpulan: Nilai efektivitas konsentrasi sari buah lemon yang mampu menurunkan kadar tembaga sebesar 50% (EC50) adalah 55,88%.
KEPUTUSAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENENTUKAN PENDIDIKAN DASAR BAGI ANAK DI DESA PANDEYAN, KECAMATAN NGEMPLAK, KABUPATEN BOYOLALI
Authors: Prihanto Prihanto , Soemanto RB , Haryono Bagus 
Published: May 2021

<p>Pandeyan is a village in Boyolali Regency adjacent bordering directly on Solo Municipal. Such the condition encourages the society to have a variety of school choices. The variety of school choices existing in Solo City encourages the society in Pandeyan Village to enroll their children in Solo City. This research aimed to describe the parents’ decisionconsideration in Determining Basic Education for Children in Pandeyan Village, NgemplakSubdistrict, Boyolali Regency using Weber’s social action theory.</p><p>This study was a descriptive qualitative research with descriptive research strategy. The data sources of research were informant, archive, and document. The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling, selecting the individuals involved directly in decision making to determine primary education in Pandeyan Village thereby providing the information and data in in-depth manner as well as reliable to be the data source. Techniques of collecting data used in this research were in-depth interview and observation. Source triangulation technique was used to obtain data concerning the parents’ decision in determining basic education for children as well as to validate the data, while the analysis was conducted using a descriptive analysis.</p><p>The result of research found three findings: the first was basic education for children, the parent’s perception on education for children become the rationale in acquiring better education. The second was consideration in determining basic education for children encompassing school, social-economic and children considerations. School consideration was based on the school service involving facility and learning services. Social-economic consideration was based on the compatibility of cost to the service for children. Children consideration was based on the children psychology reflected on their interest and willingness. The third was that parents’ decision in determining basic education for the children was the result of parent, social-economic and children considerations in turn becoming the determinant of parent’s action in determining basic (primary) education. The actions emerging in parent’s decision were among other: Instrumental rationality (<em>Zwerkrationalitat</em>) or parent’s decision in choosing school by seeing the quality of school generally, value-oriented rationality (<em>Werkrationalitat</em>) or the parent’s decision in choosing school by seeing religious and academic values as the main foundation, Affective action (<em>Affectival Action</em>) or the parent’s decision in choosing school by seeing children psychology, traditional action or the parent’s submission to receiving strength and weakness as the way they are.</p><p> </p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Decision Making, Social Action, Education Sociology.
Floral Enhancement of Turfgrass Lawns Benefits Wild Bees and Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera)
Authors: Wolfin James , Watkins Eric , Lane Ian , Portman Zachary , Spivak Marla 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The turfgrass lawn is a common feature of urban and suburban communities, often accounting for the largest green spaces by area in these landscapes. Flowering species within turfgrass lawns have the potential to serve as a source of forage for bee pollinators in urban and suburban areas. We intentionally introduced low-growing flowers to turfgrass lawns to promote bee diversity and reduce inputs, while maintaining the traditional aesthetics and recreational uses associated with lawns. We compared bee communities on lawns with naturally-occurring blooms of Trifolium repens to bee communities on florally-enhanced lawns that contained Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata and Thymus serpyllum in addition to T. repens. Trifolium repens provided forage for both wild bee communities and Apis mellifera, with A. mellifera being the most common of the 56 species of bees observed on T. repens. We found that florally-enhanced lawns supported more diverse bee communities than lawns with just T. repens. Furthermore, the bee communities supported by florally-enhanced lawns were significantly different from the bee communities supported by lawns containing just T. repens based on presence-absence (Jaccard’s dissimilarity index). Our research indicates that A. mellifera colonies and wild bee communities can be supported by allowing T. repens to bloom in turfgrass lawns, and that land managers can support more diverse bee communities by intentionally introducing low-growing flowers to lawns.
Excess Noise Factor in Avalanche Photodiodes with Dead Space Effect
Authors: Angadi Vignesh Reddy 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This project aims to develop a graphical user interface (GUI) for MATLAB programs written by J. S. Marsland as part of his research on the excess noise factor in avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The GUI will be developed using the GUIDE package supplied with MATLAB. The GUI will then be used to compare this research with other works—for example, the Monte Carlo calculations performed by the research group at the French Aerospace Laboratory (ONERA). A comparison with other works will require the digitisation of graphs, some of which have been published in academic journals
Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is a useful marker to predict the severity of preeclampsia
Authors: Liu Miao , Lin Peng , Qu Miaomiao , Zhang Liangjiao , Zhang Lihua , Zhu Liangxi , Feng Xueqin , Su Chunlong , Yu Tiantian , Wang Fengge , Zhang Bin , Man Dongmei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives: In this retrospective study, we investigated whether neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the last trimester among pregnancies with mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, and healthy status has a role in predicting the severity of pre-eclampsia.Methods: This study involved 933 pregnancies from 1 January 2018 to 30 September 2020, comprising 396 healthy pregnancies, 222 pregnancies with mild preeclampsia, and 315 pregnancies with severe preeclampsia. The relationship between preeclampsia and NLR was analyzed by multiple logistic regression. In addition, maternal placental tissues of three groups were immunohistochemically stained for myeloperoxidase (MPO).Result: NLR was significantly higher in pregnancies with preeclampsia (including pregnancies with mild and severe preeclampsia.) than that in healthy pregnancies. The NLR level was prominently higher in patients with severe preeclampsia compared with those with mild preeclampsia (p<0.001). The NLR level was significantly positively associated with preeclampsia after adjusting for gestational week at time of blood sampling, BMI, and age (β:1.44; 95%CI:0.01-2.93; p=0.0014 < 0.05). In addition, MPO expressions of placental tissues in preeclamptic groups were significantly increased than these in healthy pregnant controls(P＜0.05). Conclusion: Increased NLR in the last trimester was significantly positively associated with preeclampsia. Hence, NLR plays a role in predicting the severity of preeclampsia. However, further studies are needed on a more extensive population to confirm the relationship between NLR and preeclampsia severity.