bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Effect of Stop Drilled Hole Diameter Variation on Fatigue Resistance in Medium Carbon Steel DIN HQ 705
Authors: Chandra H , Lestari V 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Steel has an important role in the industrial world where many machine component designs use these materials. The mechanical properties possessed by this material are quite capable of various applications in the field in a variety of applications. One application of steel is in the gear and shaft. These gears and shafts use HQ 705 material which is a medium carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.30 - 0.38%. This research was carried out by making a notch on one side of the specimen, then creating an initial crack at the end of the notch with a fatigue machine, to prevent crack propagation, a stop drilled hole was made at the end of the initial crack with variations of 2 mm, 2.5 mm respectively. and 3 mm. Furthermore, this specimen was tested by fatigue test to test the fatigue resistance of each specimen. The results obtained are that specimens with stop drilled holes have longer cycle times compared to specimens without stop drilled holes. With the variation of the stop drilled hole (SDH), the result is that the stop drilled hole with a diameter of 2 mm is easily broken compared to the stop drilled with a diameter of 3 mm. From the fracture surface seen with SEM, it can be seen that the type of crack that occurs in the fracture is an intergranular crack type.
Placement of the Temples Site in Wetlands (Case Study in Bumiayu Temples Site)
Authors: Siregar S M , Sutriyono E , Siswanto A , Munandar A A 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBumiayu temples site is located in swampland which is seasonally and anually often flooded by water due to the influence of Lematang River. Even though it is situated in that kind of landscape, Bumiayu temples site does not expose to puddles. It is because the temples site was established in the right place. The problem is what influences the formation of the Bumiayu bathing space and how it is described. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that form the Bumiayu bathing space and to describe the bathing space. An explanative qualitative research method with descriptive and observative approach by collecting secondary data from previous research and primary data obtained from the field and followed by data processing and interpretation. This research uses a study of areas space that consists with the aim of knowing the forms and processed of cultural landscapes in the past. The results of the research show that Bumiayu temple is on a wavy plain landscape with a height of 50 to 60 meters above sea level. Factors affecting temples placement are water activity and human hustle. These two factors affect temples site space in a grouped position surrounded by Lematang creeks. Past society has got knowledge related to temples placement in wetlands. Moreover, people have already adapted to the environment by getting at temple material from local place.
The Effect of Household’s Age Structure to Waste Generation in Palembang City
Authors: Novriadhy D , Komalasari O , Hatta H , Oktarina R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Empirical facts suggested a particular household’s waste highly correlated to the specific age of the household’s inhabitant. The current study aimed to measure the effect of the household’s age structure on household waste generation. In addition to the household’s age structure, we included the food expenditure per capita, household’s average years of schooling, and the household’s net income in the waste generation model. The study used a Zero Truncated Negative Binomial Regression to estimate the effect of the variables. The findings showed the household’s age structure variable gave a better explanation of household waste generation rather than the household’s total population. The effect of the food expenditure per capita and the household’s average years of schooling variables found to be more significant when combined with the household’s age structure rather than combined with the household’s total population. In contrast, the effect of the household’s net income to waste generation found lesser. The study findings implied that the household’s age structure would be more useful in waste generation estimation, especially for the city with a relatively high fertility rate.
Perceived Impact of Oil Palm Plantation on Agriculture and Environment
Authors: Saediman H , Mboe I S , Zani M , Daud L , Padangaran A M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Increased demand for vegetable oil and energy has led the global production of palm oil to increase substantially. However, the expansion of oil palm is often criticized because of its impact on the environment and natural resources. The present study aimed to assess the villagers’ perception of the impact of oil palm plantation on agriculture and the environment. Data collection was done in Tanggetada sub-district in Southeast Sulawesi. Ninety-one residents from three villages in the plantation zone were selected as respondents. Data were collected through the questionnaire-based interview and Key Informant Interview (KII) methods and were analyzed qualitatively using descriptive statistics. Research results showed that villagers had perceived some impact of the plantation on the agriculture, namely, improved skills in oil palm cultivation, decreased farm size, increased pest and disease occurrence on cocoa plants, and increased market demand for farm produce. The plantation was perceived to have led to increased soil erosion, increased frequency and severity of flooding, and decreased surface water quality. Plantation was perceived to have led to increased temperature but only when the oil palm trees were still young. Strict implementation of government regulation in the establishment and in the operational activities of the plantation can help minimize its adverse impact on the environment and community livelihood.
Informality in Urban Water Supply: A Case of Tambaklorok, Semarang
Authors: Putri N R , Setyono J S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Significant population growth in urban areas faces limited access to water supply. In 2015, 29% of the global population lacked safely managed drinking water supplies. Ensuring universal access to safe and affordable drinking water for all by 2030 becomes the sixth goal in SDGs 2030. The government’s inability to provide water supply has led to the emergence of informality in urban water supply. Tambaklorok located in the northern part of Semarang has been relying on informal practices to fulfill its water need. From this phenomenon in Tambaklorok, the practice of informality continues to be produced through the particular factors other than the physical availability of a network. This research aims to analyze informality in urban water supply in Tambaklorok, Semarang. To carry out this aim, the method that will be used is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. This research found that informality in urban water supply in Tambaklorok caused by lack of access to networked pipe water supply, water utility roles, and practices in non-networked pipe water supply. The research recommended the alternative scheme of water supply for the community in Tambaklorok.
Study of Black Cumin Seed Oil (BCSO) (Nigella sativa L.) as an Immunomodulator in The Healthy Active Smoker Volunteer
Authors: Hidayati T , Akrom A , Apriani L , Indrayanti  , Sun S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A Black cumin seed oil (BCSO) contains many unsaturated fatty acids and essential oils that are antioxidative. The Black Cumin Seed Oil (BCSO), both in vitro and in vivo, has been used as an immunomodulatory compound and is expected to increase lymphocytes number and IL-2 expression. The purpose of this study is to find out how BCSO influences the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes and IL-2 expression in active smokers. A total of 36 healthy, active volunteer smokers aged> 18 years were divided into four groups. Group I (placebo) was given a 3x1 capsule/day placebo; group 2, 3, and 4 were given a dose of BCSO 3x1, 3x2, and 3x3 capsule/day. Placebo and BCSO interventions were provided for 30 days. A flow cytometer determined the percentage of lymphocytes and IL-2 expression. There were no significant differences between groups. Based on IL-2 test subjects’ average rate, the lowest IL-2 expression was in the placebo group (1.67%) and increased in the BCSO group (3.54%, 3.49%, and 3.72%). The effect of BCSO administration on the percentage of lymphocytes and IL-2 expression were not statistically significant.
Jamu Reduce Oxidative Stress from Active Smokers in a Rural Area of Yogyakarta
Authors: Darmawan E , Akrom A , Lerebulan E F , Adnan A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
One cigarette contains 4,000 chemicals with nicotine as the main component. Nicotine is an oxidant compound that can cause lipid peroxidation. The product of lipid peroxidation is malondialdehyde. MDA is toxic to cell membranes. Jamu (Indonesian traditional herbal medicine) is one of the endogenous antioxidants made from natural ingredients. Thus, this study aimed to determine the level of MDA based on demographic and lifestyle data of female volunteers in Indonesia. Design. Cross-Sectional Study. Methods. A total of 127 female volunteers qualified according to inclusion and exclusion criteria filled the informed consent. Blood plasma samples obtained were analyzed for the MDA profile using a high-performance liquid chromatography technique. Results. The average plasma MDA levels in female volunteers are exposed to cigarette smoke and consume jamu of 5,23 ± 3,57 µmo/L. There was not any significant relationship between MDA levels with the demographic data (age, education, and occupation) and lifestyle (habits of consuming jamu, vegetables, supplements, and doing exercises) (p> 0.05). Conclusion. Demographic and lifestyle data do not have any significant relationship with MDA levels, cigarette smoke exposure, and a habit of drinking jamu
Prospect of Low Land Rice Sustainability in South Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Antoni M , Zahri I , Adriani D , A Thoni A K 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the factual conditions regarding the scale of business and technology adoption related to the need for rice agricultural labor, the amount of production and productivity that have an impact on meeting the living needs of farmers and their families. The research method used for primary data collection with Multi Stage Random Sampling. Research areas are Musi Rawas Regency and Banyuasin Regency, which respectively represent agricultural areas with technical irrigation and tidal swamps. In each district, two villages were selected, so that there were four sample villages, and 50 farmers in each village were selected, so there were 200 respondent farmers. The results showed rice farming in tidal areas use less labor but wider cultivated area, higher productivity and welfare than farmers in irrigated areas. Potential labor transition from one sector to others in irrigated areas is greater than the tidal area, so rice farming sustainability in tidal land is than technical irrigation area.
Food as a Basis for Good Health and Well-Being
Authors: Murkovic M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Healthy food is a result of huge efforts to produce safe products. This starts with the supply of safe raw materials which are handled with the support of a series of safety protocols. These include the use of low storage temperatures, clean working environment, sufficiently high cooking temperatures, and safe and hygienic logistic measures. The consumer himself can contribute to the safety by a few simple measures to keep the food at home safe. However, there are more points that have to be considered with safe foods. These include the presence of inherent toxic substances that might be present in the raw materials (e.g. arsenic in drinking water, alkaloids in plant foods, carcinogenic substances formed during heating). In addition to these basic food related issues the uptake of food – which is also a social event – can contribute to the well-being which is also part of a healthy life.
Kinetic Study of Removal of Congo Red and Direct Green
Authors: Said Muhammad , Indwi Saputri Lavini , Hasanudin  , Loekitowati Hariani Poedji , Yong Ng Law 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The pillarization process of Al/Fe metal oxide compound in bentonite has been carried. The study of weight adsorbent, pH, adsorption time, concentration and temperature adsorption were investigated to get the optimum condition of Congo red and Direct green removal. In addition, the pseudo kinetic and isotherm model were also determined to investigate the rate and type of adsorption. From the experiment, the optimum weight of adsorbent, pH, adsorption time, concentration and temperature were 0.3 g, 2, 45 minute, 90 mg/L, respectively. Thus, the pseudo kinetic model follow the pseudo second order while the Freundlich model was use as the isotherm model. As conclusion, The Pillarization success to enhance the adsorption capacity of bentonite to remove the Congo red and Direct green dyes.
Source of apportionment of Air Quality Parameters at Federal Port of Malaysia with Emphasis on Ship Emission
Authors: Samsudin M S , Azid A , Razik M A , Zaudi M A , Shaharudin S M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Air pollution is becoming a major environmental issue in Malaysia. Centered on data obtained from the Malaysian Department of Environment (DOE), this analysis focused on identifying possible causes of air quality heterogeneity across the research area. 14 air quality parameters in 7 monitoring stations for ten years (2009 – 2018) were gathered. To determine the source of air pollution around the study region, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) approach from a chemometric methodology was applied. The PCA method has identified three varimax factor (VF) with 11 air quality parameters are the most significant parameters around the study area. It can be inferred from the analysis that the use of the PCA approach in chemometric techniques can be applied for the purpose of source apportionment. Accordingly, this study suggested that efforts should be put as a priority in the monitoring of ships emissions sources in Malaysia Federal Ports area and successful management of Malaysian air quality.
Horizontal and vertical influences in colonial legal transplantation: water by-laws in British Palestine
Authors: Schorr David B 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Local by-laws were the primary tool for local governments in British-ruled Palestine to exercise their authority, and water was the paradigmatic subject for local legislation. Looking at the diffusion of legal norms in local by-laws in the 1930s and 1940s, the article examines the dynamics of lawmaking in a context characterized both by imperial rule and intercommunal conflict. The article asks two major questions: to what extent did the by-laws adopt legal norms and forms across communal boundaries? And was the legislation passed by local governments as the product of local preferences and initiative, or did it rather reflect the desires of the British rulers? Understanding the processes of legal transplantation at the local level can help shed light on a number of issues. For the history of Mandate Palestine, it can refine our understanding of the degree to which the Arab and Jewish communities, engaged in sustained conflict, nonetheless interacted in the fields of urban infrastructure and local lawmaking. For imperial environmental history, it provides an opportunity to test theories about water policy as an expression of top-down power. For the legal history of empire, it highlights a level of lawmaking, located somewhere between imperial imposition and indigenous resistance, that has largely been neglected. And for understanding of legal transplantation or diffusion, it offers a fine-grained case study in the way in which legal norms might move—and transform—across jurisdictional, communal, and cultural lines.
PHIAF: prediction of phage-host interactions with GAN-based data augmentation and sequence-based feature fusion
Authors: Li Menglu , Zhang Wen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhage therapy has become one of the most promising alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial diseases, and identifying phage-host interactions (PHIs) helps to understand the possible mechanism through which a phage infects bacteria to guide the development of phage therapy. Compared with wet experiments, computational methods of identifying PHIs can reduce costs and save time and are more effective and economic. In this paper, we propose a PHI prediction method with a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based data augmentation and sequence-based feature fusion (PHIAF). First, PHIAF applies a GAN-based data augmentation module, which generates pseudo PHIs to alleviate the data scarcity. Second, PHIAF fuses the features originated from DNA and protein sequences for better performance. Third, PHIAF utilizes an attention mechanism to consider different contributions of DNA/protein sequence-derived features, which also provides interpretability of the prediction model. In computational experiments, PHIAF outperforms other state-of-the-art PHI prediction methods when evaluated via 5-fold cross-validation (AUC and AUPR are 0.88 and 0.86, respectively). An ablation study shows that data augmentation, feature fusion and an attention mechanism are all beneficial to improve the prediction performance of PHIAF. Additionally, four new PHIs with the highest PHIAF score in the case study were verified by recent literature. In conclusion, PHIAF is a promising tool to accelerate the exploration of phage therapy.
Minimal information for chemosensitivity assays (MICHA): a next-generation pipeline to enable the FAIRification of drug screening experiments
Authors: Tanoli Ziaurrehman , Aldahdooh Jehad , Alam Farhan , Wang Yinyin , Seemab Umair , Fratelli Maddalena , Pavlis Petr , Hajduch Marian , Bietrix Florence , Gribbon Philip , Zaliani Andrea , Hall Matthew D , Shen Min , Brimacombe Kyle , Kulesskiy Evgeny , Saarela Jani , Wennerberg Krister , Vähä-Koskela Markus , Tang Jing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Chemosensitivity assays are commonly used for preclinical drug discovery and clinical trial optimization. However, data from independent assays are often discordant, largely attributed to uncharacterized variation in the experimental materials and protocols. We report here the launching of Minimal Information for Chemosensitivity Assays (MICHA), accessed via https://micha-protocol.org. Distinguished from existing efforts that are often lacking support from data integration tools, MICHA can automatically extract publicly available information to facilitate the assay annotation including: 1) compounds, 2) samples, 3) reagents and 4) data processing methods. For example, MICHA provides an integrative web server and database to obtain compound annotation including chemical structures, targets and disease indications. In addition, the annotation of cell line samples, assay protocols and literature references can be greatly eased by retrieving manually curated catalogues. Once the annotation is complete, MICHA can export a report that conforms to the FAIR principle (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) of drug screening studies. To consolidate the utility of MICHA, we provide FAIRified protocols from five major cancer drug screening studies as well as six recently conducted COVID-19 studies. With the MICHA web server and database, we envisage a wider adoption of a community-driven effort to improve the open access of drug sensitivity assays.
Deconvolution of expression for nascent RNA-sequencing data (DENR) highlights pre-RNA isoform diversity in human cells
Authors: Zhao Yixin , Dukler Noah , Barshad Gilad , Toneyan Shushan , Danko Charles G , Siepel Adam 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Quantification of isoform abundance has been extensively studied at the mature RNA level using RNA-seq but not at the level of precursor RNAs using nascent RNA sequencing.

Results
We address this problem with a new computational method called Deconvolution of Expression for Nascent RNA-sequencing data (DENR), which models nascent RNA-sequencing read-counts as a mixture of user-provided isoforms. The baseline algorithm is enhanced by machine-learning predictions of active transcription start sites and an adjustment for the typical ‘shape profile’ of read-counts along a transcription unit. We show that DENR outperforms simple read-count-based methods for estimating gene and isoform abundances, and that transcription of multiple pre-RNA isoforms per gene is widespread, with frequent differences between cell types. In addition, we provide evidence that a majority of human isoform diversity derives from primary transcription rather than from post-transcriptional processes.

Availability and implementation
DENR and nascentRNASim are freely available at https://github.com/CshlSiepelLab/DENR (version v1.0.0) and https://github.com/CshlSiepelLab/nascentRNASim (version v0.3.0).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Diagnosis and epidemiology of winged scapula in breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Plaza Meza Milger P , Marín Fermín Theodorakys , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Winged scapula (WS) is a critical complication of axillary surgery in patients treated for breast cancer, and is associated with pain, impairment of the upper extremity’s function and poor performance in daily activities.

Sources of data
A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed following the PRISMA guidelines. Two independent reviewers searched PubMed, Embase and Virtual Health Library databases from January 1, 2000 to December 1, 2020. Clinical studies evaluating the diagnosis and epidemiology of WS among breast cancer surgery (BCS) patients were included.

Areas of agreement
The diagnosis of WS relies almost entirely on physical assessment. Studies have suggested a high variability in the report of the incidence of WS given the subjectivity of its diagnosis, and the different criteria used during clinical assessment.

Areas of controversy
The diagnosis of WS in BCS patients remains a challenge given the lack of standardized diagnostic protocols. Physical examination cannot rely on one manoeuvre only, as it may overlook patients with subtle injuries or overweight and contributing to the underreporting of its incidence.

Growing points
BCS patients undergoing axillary lymph node dissection experience a significantly higher incidence of WS than those undergoing sentinel lymph node dissection. The global incidence of WS after BCS is 16.79%. Additionally, the anterior flexion test and the push-up test are the most commonly performed diagnostic manoeuvers.

Areas timely for developing research
Further studies should aim for objective diagnostic tests, especially when the condition is not evident.