bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Trends and Detection of Changes in Hydrological and Climatic Variables of Modjo River Watershed, Ethiopia
Authors: Besha Kokeb Zena , Demissie Tamene Adugna , Feyessa Fekadu Fufa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Understanding hydro-climatic trends in space and time is crucial for water resource planning and management, agricultural productivity and climate change mitigation of a region. This study examined the spatiotemporal variations in precipitation, reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and streamflow in a tropical watershed located in the central highlands of Ethiopia. Temporal trend implications were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test, and Theil-Sen approach, whereas the inverse distance weighted interpolation method was applied for spatial trend variability analysis. The result showed that a significant decreasing trends in streamflow for the major rainy (Kiremt: Jun - Sept) season and annual time scales. At the same time, the annual and monthly ETo followed significantly increasing trends, but there has been a trendless time series for most of the months and annual mean precipitation series for the period 1986 - 2015. The study indicated that the spatial variability of annual and seasonal precipitation series decreased from north to south and west to east, while this was increased for ETo both for annual and seasonal time series over the study watershed. The contribution of rainfall and mean temperature to streamflow decline was insignificant. It is pointed out that river flow regime is weakly affected by climate changes, hence human activities are stronger in explaining the river flow trends of the watershed. Therefore, urgent calls on the needs for reducing human-induced impacts, and implementing appropriate watershed management, conservation measures and an efficient use of water resources.
Screening Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer for Psychiatric Disease: a Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Basto Raquel , Caramujo Cecília , Gomes Inês Ferreira , Fraga Teresa , Magalhães Joana Correia , Sousa Maria João , de Jesus Sabrina , Monteiro Ana Raquel , Pestana-Santos Adriana , Carvalho Teresa , Albuquerque Emília , Sousa Gabriela 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a sample of Portuguese patients with metastatic breast cancer and assess the relationship between these disorders and the characteristics of the oncological disease.Methods: Cross-sectional, single-center study with female patients diagnosed with metastatic breast carcinoma and under palliative treatment between November 2020 and May 2021. Psychiatric disorders were screened by applying and filling-out the MMSE, HADS, BSI, and WHOQoL-Bref instruments at the outpatient daycare unit when patients were present for treatmen. Results: A total of 91 female patients were included, median age 59.79 years. None of the patients had cognitive impairment (MMSE). HADS scale: 18.7% of the patients scored for anxiety and 17.6% for depression. The anxiety subscale score of > 8 (HADS) was related to ovarian function suppression (p<0.001), neoadjuvant therapy (p<0.001), and type of second-line of palliative treatment (p=0.024). The depression subscale score >8 (HADS) was related to the type of surgery performed (p= 0.022), molecular subtype of the tumor (p=0.020), and occurrence of grade 3-4 toxicities in the first (p=0.018), and third-line treatments (p=0.031).Conclusion: The screening of psychiatric disorders through the application of these scales by the medical oncology team may be able to aid in diagnosis and potentially lead to psychiatric referral and intervention at an earlier stage.
On the Modelling of Weights of Kids to Enhance Growth in a Local Goat Population Under Tunisian Arid Conditions. The Maternal Effects.
Authors: AHLEM ATOUI , Sghaier Najari ,   Clara Díaz2 Clara Díaz, Abdennebi mouldi , carabano Maria jesus 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

To provide the local goat population with an adequate genetic management scheme under arid environment, the study aimed to evaluate the use of fourteen alternative models attempting to evaluate to dissection of additive genetic (AG) and permanent environmental (PE) components of direct and maternal effects and their consequences on estimated breeding values. Records of 938 local kids over a period of 16 years were used in this study. Data were split into four groups corresponding to four periods along the weight recording period. Periods 1/2/3/4 contained weights in an interval with upper-lower limits of 1-20/25-60/65-120/125-150 days of age. Models including or ignoring maternal genetic or permanent environmental effects were fitted for all traits. For all periods, the best models were those including the AG component for both direct and maternal effects and the direct PE effect. Heritability estimates of both the direct and maternal effects ranged from low (0.02 for maternal heritability in P1) to moderate (0.17 for direct and maternal heritability in P2 and P3). Period 1 showed the lowest values for heritability of both direct and maternal effects, which also showed the largest estimate of the ratio of residual to total variance (around 0.2) compared with the other periods, withdecreasing ratios as age increased (from 0.13 for P2 to 0.07 for P4). Both direct and maternal EBVs showed high correlations between models fitting direct AG and PE effects. For direct EBVs, correlations were above 0.99, indicating that the same animals are expected to be selected under any model that includes those components, regardless of the maternal effects included. For maternal EBVs, correlations were also high, but slightly lower than for the DEBVs between models including DGP effects and maternal genetic effects. Overall, our recommendation for genetic evaluations of direct and maternal effectsin this population raised in extensive and harsh conditions is to use weight records preferably collected during the period of high milk production of dams, for which direct and maternal effects are expected to show full expression. Complete pedigrees and several generations of dam-progeny recording are needed to obtain a proper separation of environmental and genetic components.
Removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by chitosan coated and lanthanum loaded biochar derived from urban dewatered sewage sludge: adsorption mechanism and application to lab-scale columns
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Liu Xincong , Zhang Zhuo , Chen Ziwei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A lanthanum modified sludge biochar chitosan (La-SBC-CS) microsphere was successfully synthesized by dropping sludge biochar (BC) and chitosan into a lanthanum chloride solution. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption kinetics and isotherm. Application of continuous phosphate removal was achieved via lab-scale column reactors. The phosphate adsorption equilibrium data of the La-SBC-CS fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm, with a maximum adsorption amount of 81.54 mg p/g at 25 °C. Characterization of the adsorbent using scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM), X-ray energy spectrum analysis (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier infrared analysis (FTIR) techniques suggested that the possible adsorption mechanisms were electrostatic interaction, ligand exchange and complexation. The La-SBC-CS kept 76.37% phosphate removal efficiency after eight recycles. The results of continuous column reactor experiment demonstrated that the breakthrough time increased with an increase in adsorbent filling height, while it decreased with an increase in initial phosphate concentration or flow velocity. The Yoon model was applied to the continuous experimental data to predict breakthrough curves and determined the characteristic adsorption parameters for process design. This study indicated the potential for the practical application of La-SBC-CS in phosphate removal from wastewater.
Systematic review of the last 20 years of research on decentralized domestic wastewater treatment in Brazil: state of the art and potentials
Authors: Ferreira Marcella Moretti , Fiore Fabiana Alves , Saron Alexandre , da Silva Gustavo Henrique Ribeiro 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A DEWATS (decentralized wastewater treatment system) is an alternative for expanding sanitation. In Brazil, DEWATS is acknowledged by law and is part of the National Sanitation Plan strategy for achieving the treatment of 85.6% of all the generated wastewater by 2033, improving the current treatment index of 49%. This review's aim is to identify DEWATS studies in Brazil and to verify their potential for narrowing the national wastewater treatment deficit. Hence, aspects such as cost, maintenance, and efficiency were assessed. The archival research method (ARM) was used to identify papers published in the last 20 years through the scientific databases of Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Data regarding the general characteristics of each study were collected and compared to Brazilian environmental regulation and sanitation status. The results showed the evaluation of different technologies such as DEWATS, highlighting their flexibility and potential use in 79% of Brazilian counties. However, although 81% of the studies conducted performance analysis, none covered the main parameters required by Brazilian law. Although legal gaps for DEWATS improvement and consolidation have been identified and the interest in studying DEWATS has been increasing in the last five years, many barriers to their widespread use remain.
Oxidative Stress Induced Cell Cycle Arrest: Potential Role of PRX-2 and
GSTP-1 as Therapeutic Targets in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Mohsin Abeer , Haneef Kanwal , Ilyas Amber , Zarina Shamshad , Hashim Zehra 
Published: November 2021

Background:
The increasing incidence and mortality rate of HCC is a major concern, especially
for developing countries of the world. Hence, extensive research is being carried out in order
to explore new approaches for developing successful therapeutic strategies for HCC. The controversial
role of oxidative stress in the prognosis and treatment of various diseases such as cancer
has become an area of great interest and intrigue for many scientists throughout the world.

Objective:
We aim to investigate the role of induced oxidative stress on the suppression of HCC
Huh-7 cancerous cells as a therapeutic approach.

Methods:
Induction of oxidative stress via H2O2 treatment produced cell cytotoxicity in a dose dependent
manner and also led to the overexpression of GSTP-1 and PRX-2. The expression of GSTP-
1 and PRX-2 was compared in HCC Huh-7 treated, untreated cells and normal hepatocytes using
immunocytochemistry. Furthermore, the effects of oxidative stress on cell cycle arrest were also
studied through flow cytometry.

Results:
Our study demonstrated the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation as a result of H2O2 induction
by arresting the cell cycle at the G2 phase.

Conclusion:
The induction of oxidative stress could be a potential therapeutic approach for treating
HCC in the future. GSTP-1 and PRX-2 can serve as substantial therapeutic targets for the treatment
of HCC.
Overview of Lignocellulolytic Enzyme Systems with Special Reference to
Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Qaiser Hina , Kaleem Afshan , Abdullah Roheena , Iqtedar Mehwish , Hoessli Daniel C. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Lignocellulosic biomass, one of the most valuable natural resources, is abundantly present
on earth. Being a renewable feedstock, it harbors a great potential to be exploited as a raw material,
to produce various value-added products. Lignocellulolytic microorganisms hold a unique
position regarding the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass as they contain efficient enzyme systems
capable of degrading this biomass. The ubiquitous nature of these microorganisms and their
survival under extreme conditions have enabled their use as an effective producer of lignocellulolytic
enzymes with improved biochemical features crucial to industrial bioconversion processes. These
enzymes can prove to be an exquisite tool when it comes to the eco-friendly manufacturing of
value-added products using waste material. This review focuses on highlighting the significance of
lignocellulosic biomass, microbial sources of lignocellulolytic enzymes and their use in the formation
of useful products.
TMEM16A Protein: Calcium-Binding Site and its Activation Mechanism
Authors: Ji Wanying , Shi Donghong , Shi Sai , Yang Xiao , Chen Yafei , An Hailong , Pang Chunli 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
TMEM16A mediates the calcium-activated transmembrane flow of chloride ions and a
variety of physiological functions. The binding of cytoplasmic calcium ions of TMEM16A and the
consequent conformational changes of it are the key issues to explore the structure-function relationship.
In recent years, researchers have explored this issue through electrophysiological experiments,
structure resolving, molecular dynamic simulation, and other methods. The structures of
TMEM16 family members determined by cryo-Electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and X-ray crystallization
provide the primary basis for the investigation of the molecular mechanism of TMEM16A.
However, the binding and activation mechanism of calcium ions in TMEM16A are still unclear
and controversial. This review discusses four Ca2+ sensing sites of TMEM16A and analyzes activation
properties of TMEM16A by them, which will help understand the structure-function relationship
of TMEM16A and throw light on the molecular design targeting the TMEM16A channel.
Tanshinone IIA: Pharmacology, Total Synthesis, and Progress in
Structure-modifications
Authors: Huang Xing , Deng Hao , Shen Qing-kun , Quan Zhe-Shan 
Published: November 2021

:
Tanshinone IIA, a major bioactive constituent of Danshen, a Chinese herbal
medicine, has gained extensive exploration owing to its unique structural features and
multiple promising biological activities. This review focuses on the pharmacology, total
synthesis, and structural modifications of tanshinone IIA. We hope this review will contribute
to a better understanding of the progress in the field and provide constructive suggestions
for further study of tanshinone IIA.
Top 100 Most-Cited Publications on Breast Cancer and Machine
Learning Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Hanis Tengku Muhammad , Islam Md Asiful , Musa Kamarul Imran 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Rapid advancement in computing technology and digital information
leads to the possible use of machine learning on breast cancer.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the research output of the top 100 publications
and further identify a research theme of breast cancer and machine-learning studies.

Methods:
Databases of Scopus and Web of Science were used to extract the top 100 publications.
These publications were filtered based on the total citation of each paper. Additionally,
a bibliometric analysis was applied to the top 100 publications.

Results:
The top 100 publications were published between 1993 and 2019. The most productive
author was Giger ML, and the top two institutions were the University of Chicago
and the National University of Singapore. The most active countries were the USA, Germany,
and China. Ten clusters were identified as both basic and specialised themes of
breast cancer and machine learning.

Conclusion:
Various countries demonstrated comparable interest in breast cancer and
machine-learning research. A few Asian countries, such as China, India and Singapore,
were listed in the top 10 countries based on the total citation. Additionally, the use of deep
learning and breast imaging data was trending in the past 10 years in the field of breast
cancer and machine-learning research.
DNA Nanodevices: From Mechanical Motions to Biomedical Applications
Authors: Wang Yiming , Wang Zhaoran , Wu Xiaohui , Liu Shaoli , Liu Fengsong , Jiang Qiao , Ding Baoquan 
Published: November 2021

:
Inspired by molecular machines in nature, artificial nanodevices have been designed to
realize various biomedical functions. Self-assembled deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanostructures
that feature designed geometries, excellent spatial accuracy, nanoscale addressability, and marked
biocompatibility provide an attractive candidate for constructing dynamic nanodevices with biomarker-
targeting and stimuli-responsiveness for biomedical applications. Here, a summary of typical
construction strategies of DNA nanodevices and their operating mechanisms are presented. We
also introduced recent advances in employing DNA nanodevices as platforms for biosensing and intelligent
drug delivery. Finally, the broad prospects and main challenges of the DNA nanodevices
in biomedical applications are also discussed.
Effects of Flavonoids in Experimental Models of Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Atucha Noemi M. , Romecín Paola , Vargas Felix , García-Estañ Joaquin 
Published: November 2021

:
Flavonoids are a class of substances of a vegetal origin with many interesting actions
from the point of view of human disease. Interest in flavonoids in the diet has increased in recent
years due to the publication of basic, clinical and epidemiological studies that have shown a whole
array of salutary effects related to intake of flavonols and flavones as well as a lower morbility and
mortality of cardiovascular diseases. Since arterial hypertension is the most common modifiable
risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, this review will focus mainly on the effects of flavonoids on
the cardiovascular system with relation to the elevation of blood pressure. Its antihypertensive effects
as well as the many investigations performed in experimental models of arterial hypertension,
are reviewed in this mini-review.
Medical Technology: A Systematic Review on Medical Devices Utilized for
Epilepsy Prediction and Management
Authors: Ong Jen Sze , Wong Shuet Nee , Arulsamy Alina , Watterson Jessica L. , Shaikh Mohd. Farooq 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder that affects nearly 70 million
people worldwide. Epilepsy causes uncontrollable, unprovoked and unpredictable seizures that reduce
the quality of life of those afflicted, with 1-9 epileptic patient deaths per 1000 patients occurring annually
due to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Predicting the onset of seizures and managing
them may help patients from harming themselves and may improve their well-being. For a long
time, electroencephalography (EEG) devices have been the mainstay for seizure detection and monitoring.
This systematic review aimed to elucidate and critically evaluate the latest advancements in medical
devices, besides EEG, that have been proposed for the management and prediction of epileptic seizures.
A literature search was performed on three databases, PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE.

Methods:
Following title/abstract screening by two independent reviewers, 27 articles were selected
for critical analysis in this review.

Results:
These articles revealed ambulatory, non-invasive and wearable medical devices, such as
the in-ear EEG devices; the accelerometer-based devices and the subcutaneous implanted EEG devices
might be more acceptable than traditional EEG systems. In addition, extracerebral signalbased
devices may be more efficient than EEG-based systems, especially when combined with an
intervention trigger. Although further studies may still be required to improve and validate these
proposed systems before commercialization, these findings may give hope to epileptic patients, particularly
those with refractory epilepsy, to predict and manage their seizures.

Conclusion:
The use of medical devices for epilepsy may improve patients' independence and quality
of life and possibly prevent sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).
Water-Mediated Green Synthesis of Benzimidazoles Using Pyruvic Acid: A Comparable Study of Ultra-sonication versus Conventional Heating
Authors: Deshmukh Santosh Rangnath , Nalkar Archana Subhash , Thopate Shankar Ramchandra 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:An efficient and green protocol has been introduced for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives using a pyruvic acid catalyst in the presence of water. Pyruvic acid catalyses the reaction of aromatic aldehydes with o-phenylenediamine efficiently, and products were obtained in good to excellent yields under sonication (50 oC) or under conventional heating (50 oC). The advantages of this synthetic methodology are the use of eco-friendly, commercially cheap, biodegradable catalyst, metal-free and Lewis acid-free mild reaction conditions with excellent yields, short reaction times, and compatible with a wide range of electronically diverse substrates. Pyruvic acid in water as a catalyst under ultrasound irradiation can be a better alternative to synthesize benzimidazole derivatives than some of the traditional methods.
Recent Progress in Chemical Modification of the Natural Polysaccharide Guar Gum
Authors: Kaur Simran , Santra Soumava 
Published: November 2021

:Guar gum (GG) is a natural heteropolysaccharide. Due to its non-toxic, eco-friendly, and biodegradable nature, GG has found wide applications in many areas, in particular food, paper, textile, petroleum, and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, GG is often called “Black Gold” as well. Due to the presence of hydroxyl groups, GG can be modified by various methods. The physical and biological properties of GG can be modulated by chemical modifications. In this manuscript, various methods for the chemical modifications of GG have been discussed according to the type of modifications. Mechanistic insights have also been provided whenever possible. In addition, potential applications of new GG derivatives have also been briefly mentioned.
Individual Case Safety Reports Analysis for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
on Insulin in Africa and the Middle East
Authors: Mlotshwa Charity R.N. , Burger Johanita R. , Vorster Martine , Rakumakoe Dorcas M. , Cockeran Marike 
Published: November 2021

Background:
The growing numbers of patients with diabetes mellitus in Africa and the
Middle East on antidiabetic therapies necessitate an understanding of adverse event (AE) reporting
in these regions.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to provide an AE reporting overview in patients using insulin
in Africa and the Middle East by characterizing and comparing individual case safety reports (ICSRs)
features.

Method:
The cross-sectional study analyzed ICSR data from a global pharmaceutical company’s
pharmacovigilance database for January to December 2018 to describe and compare patient demographics,
report sources, reporter types, ICSR seriousness, suspect products, indication for insulin
use and AE preferred terms, by country

Results:
Overall 7076 ICSRs were analyzed, 63.6% from the Middle East. Most ICSRs were nonserious
(91.5%), from solicited sources (83.5%), and reported by consumers (70.7%). Patients from
the Middle East were, on average, 34.2 years of age, had gestational diabetes mellitus as indication
(64.3%), insulin detemir as suspect product (76.5%), and exposure during pregnancy as AE preferred
term (89.1%). Patients from Africa were 48.1 years old on average, a higher proportion of
type 2 diabetes mellitus was observed (52.2%), human insulin was the suspect product (51.6%),
and blood glucose increased the AE preferred term (23.1%). Few macrovascular and microvascular
complications were reported (< 1% in both regions). Associations between the region and patient
age, gender, report sources, reporter types, indications for insulin use, suspect products, and AE preferred
term were significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
ICSRs features were region-specific and dependent on patient age, gender, report
sources, reporter types, suspect products, and AE preferred terms.