bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking authentic leadership and management capability to public hospital performance: the role of work engagement
Authors: Aboramadan Mohammed , Alolayyan Main Naser , Turkmenoglu Mehmet Ali , Cicek Berat , Farao Caterina 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to propose a model of the effect of both authentic leadership and management capability on hospital performance. This model proposes work engagement as an intervening mechanism between the aforesaid links.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 380 medical staff working in Jordanian Public hospitals and were analysed using the structural equation modelling analysis technique.FindingsThe results suggest that both authentic leadership and management capability have a positive effect on hospital performance. Although positive, the direct effect of management capability on performance was not significant. Furthermore, work engagement demonstrated to play a full mediation effect between management capability and hospital performance and a partial mediation effect between authentic leadership and hospital performance.Practical implicationsThis study may be of use for public medical services providers in general and other services sectors in terms of the role authentic leadership and management resources can play in contributing to positive work-related outcomes at the individual and organisational levels.Originality/valueConsidering the mainstream literature in health-care management, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to date to integrate the impact of both authentic leadership and management capabilities in the public health-care sector. Further, the research model has not previously been introduced when taking into account the role that work engagement can play between the examined variables.
Anger and fear: effects of negative emotions on hotel employees' information technology adoption
Authors: Zheng Lili , Montargot Nathalie 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe use of information technology (IT) in the hospitality industry is driven by the need to improve and refine customer service. However, it is unlikely that new IT will be successfully implemented if employees' roles and emotions are overlooked. The purpose of this study is to examine the interplay of negative emotions (anger and fear), coping strategies (venting anger and psychological distancing), perceptions of an IT innovation and intention toward adopting it.Design/methodology/approachA research model is developed based on the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion, coping theory and innovation diffusion theory. An online survey was conducted among employees working for hotels that had deployed a new reservation system, and 234 responses were collected.FindingsThe results indicate that employees' negative emotions (anger and fear) have negative and significant effects on their perceptions of adopting a new reservation system through coping strategies (i.e. venting anger and psychological distancing). Furthermore, employees' perceptions of adopting an innovative reservation system have a positive effect on their adoption intention toward the system.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first research to address the impact of distinct emotions on IT innovation adoption, as well as explaining the relation between affective and cognitive effects. The findings demonstrate the importance of examining negative emotions in IT innovation adoption. In addition, the model developed in this study confirms that an appraisal tendency approach better specifies the conditions under which different emotions are triggered to predict and explain how emotions relate to IT use through adaptation behaviors when compared with a valence-based approach.
Incorporating green building into architectural education: what can we learn from the value-belief-norm theory?
Authors: Xie Xiaohuan , Qin Shiyu , Gou Zhonghua , Yi Ming 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
Aiming to find out how to incorporate green building into the architectural curriculum, this study aims to explore the psychological path for cultivating architectural students’ awareness and motivation to learn the green design concepts and related technologies.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a global review of relevant architectural courses in universities, a set of green building learning behaviors was proposed and a survey was conducted in architectural schools in South China to verify the “value-belief-norm” theory through the lens of green building learning behaviors. The psychological path that affects students’ green building learning behaviors was analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results showed that biospheric and altruistic values could directly affect students’ motivation to learn green building, while personal norms served as the mediating condition for personal values and beliefs, and ultimately improved motivation.

Practical implications
The study suggests that the cultivation of environmental awareness and a sense of the ecological crisis should be developed through foundation courses, by establishing an ecological architecture curriculum, to more effectively guide students to learn and practice green building.

Originality/value
This study, for the first time, applied the “value-belief-norm” theory, which was developed to explain the psychological path for pro-environmental behaviors, to green building learning behaviors of architectural students.
SAE based unified double JPEG compression detection system for Web image forensics
Authors: Wang Zhifeng , Zuo Chi , Zeng Chunyan 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
Recently, the double joint photographic experts group (JPEG) compression detection tasks have been paid much more attention in the field of Web image forensics. Although there are several useful methods proposed for double JPEG compression detection when the quantization matrices are different in the primary and secondary compression processes, it is still a difficult problem when the quantization matrices are the same. Moreover, those methods for the different or the same quantization matrices are implemented in independent ways. The paper aims to build a new unified framework for detecting the doubly JPEG compression.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the Y channel of JPEG images is cut into 8 × 8 nonoverlapping blocks, and two groups of features that characterize the artifacts caused by doubly JPEG compression with the same and the different quantization matrices are extracted on those blocks. Then, the Riemannian manifold learning is applied for dimensionality reduction while preserving the local intrinsic structure of the features. Finally, a deep stack autoencoder network with seven layers is designed to detect the doubly JPEG compression.

Findings
Experimental results with different quality factors have shown that the proposed approach performs much better than the state-of-the-art approaches.

Practical implications
To verify the integrity and authenticity of Web images, the research of double JPEG compression detection is increasingly paid more attentions.

Originality/value
This paper aims to propose a unified framework to detect the double JPEG compression in the scenario whether the quantization matrix is different or not, which means this approach can be applied in more practical Web forensics tasks.
The level of individual social capital and social activity among librarians and managerial personnel
Authors: Wojciechowska Maja Dorota 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper i to determine which group – the managerial personnel or the directors of libraries – had a more extensive social network and were more eager to engage in cooperation, in other words – had the qualities believed to be important in managerial positions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents the results of research on the levels of individual social capital, as well as the social activity among librarians in 20 countries across the world, which are important for integration with the local community and development of library services.FindingsThe research confirmed that library directors are more active than managerial personnel or line workers, although there were areas in which line workers and managers scored higher than directors. In some areas of civic activity, line workers and managers, rather than directors, led the way.Research limitations/implicationsThis is the first research into the social capital and social activity of the managerial personnel of libraries conducted on such a large scale – in 20 countries across the world. The electronic survey resulted in the total of 6,593 valid responses, which were analysed statistically. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistics were calculated, and the chi-square test of independence and the Mann–Whitney U test were applied. The level of individual social capital was calculated on the basis of a resource generator – Questionnaire for the Measurement of Individual Social Capital (KPIKS).Originality/valueThis is the first research into the social capital and social activity of the managerial personnel of libraries conducted on such a large scale – in 20 countries across the world. The electronic survey resulted in the total of 6,593 valid responses, which were analysed statistically. The one-way ANOVA statistics were calculated, and the chi-square test of independence and the Mann–Whitney U test were applied. The level of individual social capital was calculated on the basis of a resource generator – Questionnaire for the Measurement of Individual Social Capital (KPIKS).
Taking advantage of institutional weakness? Political stability and foreign subsidiary survival in primary industries
Authors: Lupton Nathaniel C. , Behnam Donya , Jiménez Alfredo 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the extent to which locating primary industry subsidiaries in politically unstable countries impacts their survival. The authors argue that foreign multinational enterprises in less stable political environments can shape policies that are impactful on the costs of operating in primary industries and avoid compliance with more stringent policies at home.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a sample of 753 primary sector investments of Japanese multinational enterprises during the period 1986 to 2013, the authors conduct a parametric survival analysis of the relationship between political stability and subsidiary survival.

Findings
Political instability has a slight, curvilinear relationship with subsidiary survival, such that both high and low stability are associated with lower exit hazard, while moderate levels of stability increased exit hazard. This nonlinear relationship is stronger for efficiency-seeking subsidiaries, and weaker for market-seeking subsidiaries.

Originality/value
This research contributes to the debate around the pros and cons of globalization by examining the extent to which firms benefit by offshoring primary sector investments to avoid more costly legal requirements at home. The results suggest that this non-market strategy should be mitigated through appropriate policy measures and provides evidence that those policies already implemented are effective.
Association between health-related fitness, perceived stress, and metabolic syndrome prevalence in a sample of law enforcement officers
Authors: Chase Benjamin , Brusseau Timothy , Burns Ryan , Hannon James , Henderson Hester , Kehoe Brian 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the association between components of metabolic syndrome with health-related fitness (HRF) and perceived stress in a sample of law enforcement officers.Design/methodology/approachLaw enforcement officers (N = 28) from the Mountain West region of the US reported their HRF scores (1.5 mile run, push-up, and sit-ups), had their blood drawn (glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)) and had their waist circumference and blood pressure measured in a fasted state. Officers also completed a short questionnaire to assess health-enhancing physical activity (SQUASH) and both the Organizational and Operational Police Stress Questionnaires (PSQ-Org, PSQ-Op).FindingsLinear regression models revealed a positive linear relationship between glucose levels and 1.5 mile run times (beta = 0.560, p = 0.021, R2 = 0.24). A bivariate positive linear relationship between waist circumference and 1.5 mile run times was found to be significant (R2 = 0.17, p = 0.041). For every minute increase in 1.5-mile run times, PSQ-Org scores significantly increased by 0.543 standard deviations (p = 0.022) with 25% of the variance explained (R2 = 0.25). There were no statistically significant parameter estimates from the logistic regression equations when dependent variables were treated on the categorical measurement scale using recommended cut-points.Research limitations/implicationsIn conclusion, those who performed better on the 1.5 mile run were more likely to have lower fasting glucose levels, experience less stress and have a smaller waist circumference.Practical implicationsTherefore, according to these findings, it is imperative for those in law enforcement to improve their cardiorespiratory endurance to minimize stress and reduce their risk of metabolic syndrome.Originality/valueThis research is novel according to a recent PubMed search using the keywords “law enforcement,” “Metabolic Syndrome” and “fitness testing.”
Do foreign direct investments help to bolster economic growth? New insights from Asian and Middle East economies
Authors: Hussain Mumtaz , Bashir Muhammad Farhan , Shahzad Umer 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe prime objective of this study is to offer fruitful implications about allocation and directing foreign direct investment (FDI) to gain maximum economic advantage. The study offers innovative findings by contributing to a new angle.Design/methodology/approachThe study used the annual data of 24 countries, for the period of 1995–2016 and employed quantile regression and GMM as main estimation techniques. For robustness of empirical findings and to check income effect, the study divided the countries as high income, low-income panels.FindingsOverall, the findings reported very interesting and surprising results as regional analysis. The results show the sensitivity of FDI for Middle East and high-income group of countries, inferring that there might several other factors due to which FDI is adversely affecting growth and these countries need to reform institutional quality.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is restricted for 24 countries of Asia and Middle East, based on the data availability.Practical implicationsThe high-income countries should put more efforts to attract funds. The Asian and Middle East countries countries can update trade regulations to encourage entrepreneurs and reduce trade tariffs.Originality/valueThe present study investigated the role of FDI for economic growth in the context of Belt and Road Initiative countries of Middle East and Asian regions. The paper reviewed the past literature and identified regional analysis as a research gap to focus on Belt and Road Initiative in Asia and Middle East region.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of marine microbial communities following a Phaeocystis bloom: biogeography and co‐occurrence patterns
Authors: Xu Sha , He Cheng , Song Shuqun , Li Caiwen 
Published: February 2021

SummaryMarine microbes play important roles in the development of phytoplankton blooms. The diversity and composition of free living (FL) and particle attached (PA) microbial communities have been well studied, while little is known about their geographic and co‐occurrence patterns, especially during the subsiding process of Phaeocystis globosa blooms. Herein, the beta‐diversity of FL and PA microbial communities in both the surface and bottom layers of different habitats were comprehensively examined during succession of a P. globosa bloom event. The results showed that microbial communities from bloom and non‐bloom sites exhibited distinct community compositions. Among the different sampling sites, the community similarities decreased with spatial distance, in which the FL communities' similarity in bottom waters was more influenced by spatial variation. The variation of microbial communities was mostly attributed to environmental selection, spatial distance, and the abundance of P. globosa successively. The co‐occurrence networks of microbial communities in bloom and non‐bloom waters differed in terms of structure and composition, and the bloom network had more links and closer relationships between genera than the non‐bloom network. The correlation among genera and modules suggested that the bloom microbes were likely driven by high environmental selection and low competitive effect between each other.
Hallmarks and detection techniques of cellular senescence and cellular ageing in immune cells
Authors: Zhou Dingxi , Borsa Mariana , Simon Anna Katharina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe ageing of the global population brings about unprecedented challenges. Chronic age‐related diseases in an increasing number of people represent an enormous burden for health and social care. The immune system deteriorates during ageing and contributes to many of these age‐associated diseases due to its pivotal role in pathogen clearance, tissue homeostasis and maintenance. Moreover, in order to develop treatments for COVID‐19, we urgently need to acquire more knowledge about the aged immune system, as older adults are disproportionally and more severely affected. Changes with age lead to impaired responses to infections, malignancies and vaccination, and are accompanied by chronic, low‐degree inflammation, which together is termed immunosenescence. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie immunosenescence, termed immune cell senescence, are mostly unknown. Cellular senescence, characterised by an irreversible cell cycle arrest, is thought to be the cause of tissue and organismal ageing. Thus, better understanding of cellular senescence in immune populations at single‐cell level may provide us with insight into how immune cell senescence develops over the life time of an individual. In this review, we will briefly introduce the phenotypic characterisation of aged innate and adaptive immune cells, which also contributes to overall immunosenescence, including subsets and function. Next, we will focus on the different hallmarks of cellular senescence and cellular ageing, and the detection techniques most suitable for immune cells. Applying these techniques will deepen our understanding of immune cell senescence and to discover potential druggable pathways, which can be modulated to reverse immune ageing.
Peer‐reported bullying, rejection and hallucinatory experiences in childhood
Authors: Steenkamp Lisa R. , Tiemeier Henning , Bolhuis Koen , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Kushner Steven A. , Blanken Laura M. E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivePsychotic experiences, such as hallucinations, occur commonly in children and have been related to bullying victimization. However, whether bullying perpetration, peer rejection, or peer acceptance are related to hallucinatory experiences has remained under‐examined. We used a novel peer nomination method to examine whether (i) bullying perpetration and (ii) social positions within peer networks were associated with future hallucinatory experiences.MethodsThis prospective study was embedded in the population‐based Generation R Study. Bullying perpetration, peer rejection, and peer acceptance were assessed using peer nominations at age 7 years (N = 925). Using a social network analysis, we estimated social positions within peer rejection and acceptance networks. Bullying victimization was assessed using self‐reports. Self‐reported hallucinatory experiences were assessed at age 10 years. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic covariates.ResultsHigher levels of bullying perpetration were prospectively associated with an increased burden of hallucinatory experiences (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.05–1.43, p = 0.011). Bullies had a 50% higher, and bully‐victims had a 89% higher odds, of endorsing hallucinatory experiences three years later than children who were not involved in bullying (ORbully = 1.50, 95% CI 1.01–2.24, p = 0.045; ORbully‐victim = 1.89, 95% CI 1.15–3.10, p = 0.012). Unfavorable positions within peer rejection networks, but not peer acceptance networks, were associated with an increased risk for hallucinatory experiences (ORpeer rejection = 1.24, 95% CI 1.07–1.44, pFDR‐corrected = 0.024).ConclusionUsing peer reports, we observed that bullies and socially rejected children have a higher likelihood to report hallucinatory experiences in pre‐adolescence. Children who are both a bully and a victim of bullying (ie, bully‐victims) may be particularly vulnerable for psychotic experiences.
Conservative vs radical bowel surgery for endometriosis: A systematic analysis of complications
Authors: Heinz‐Partington Sean , Costa Walter , Martins Wellington P. , Condous George 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundEndometriosis of the bowel can be associated with significant morbidity. Surgery to remove it carries risks. Options include conservative shaving or discoid resection and more radical segmental bowel resection.AimsTo determine if more conservative shaving or discoid bowel resection is associated with fewer risks than more radical segmental resection.Material and MethodsThis study is a systematic review. We considered eligible any cohort, observational or randomised controlled trial (RCT) study of at least ten women per arm comparing conservative vs radical bowel surgery for endometriosis. We divided complications into two groups, major and minor. One additional article was added due to its significance in answering our study question as well as the high quality of the study design as an RCT.ResultsThere were 3041 studies screened. Eleven studies were included (n = 1648). For major complications, the risk ratio for shaving and disc excision vs segmental resection is 0.31 (95% CI 0.21–0.46), while the risk difference is −0.25 (95% CI −0.41 to 0.10). For minor complications, the risk ratio is 0.63 (95% CI 0.36–1.09), while the risk difference is −0.03 (95% CI −0.12 to 0.05).ConclusionsConservative shaving or discoid excision surgery is associated with reduced complications. Previous studies demonstrated a trend toward this finding, but suffered from relatively low participant numbers, increasing the risk of type one statistical error. Our results allow surgeons to make informed choices about potential complications when deciding how to approach bowel endometriosis. The results also allow patients to have more information about the risks. However, outcomes in the studies analysed are heterogenous and are from low‐quality evidence.