bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The BNSR-invariants of the Stein group 𝐹2,3
Authors: Spahn Robert , Zaremsky Matthew C. B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Stein group

F

2
,
3

F_{2,3}

is the group of orientation-preserving piecewise linear homeomorphisms of the unit interval with slopes of the form

2
p

⁢

3
q

2^{p}3^{q}

(

p
,
q

∈
Z

p,q\in\mathbb{Z}

) and breakpoints in

Z
⁢

[

1
6

]

\mathbb{Z}[\frac{1}{6}]

.
This is a natural relative of Thompson’s group 𝐹.
In this paper, we compute the Bieri–Neumann–Strebel–Renz (BNSR) invariants

Σ
m

⁢

(

F

2
,
3

)

\Sigma^{m}(F_{2,3})

of the Stein group for all

m
∈
N

m\in\mathbb{N}

.
A consequence of our computation is that (as with 𝐹) every finitely presented normal subgroup of

F

2
,
3

F_{2,3}

is of type

F
∞

\operatorname{F}_{\infty}

.
Another, more surprising, consequence is that (unlike 𝐹) the kernel of any map

F

2
,
3

→
Z

F_{2,3}\to\mathbb{Z}

is of type

F
∞

\operatorname{F}_{\infty}

, even though there exist maps

F

2
,
3

→

Z
2

F_{2,3}\to\mathbb{Z}^{2}

whose kernels are not even finitely generated.
In terms of BNSR-invariants, this means that every discrete character lies in

Σ
∞

⁢

(

F

2
,
3

)

\Sigma^{\infty}(F_{2,3})

, but there exist (non-discrete) characters that do not even lie in

Σ
1

⁢

(

F

2
,
3

)

\Sigma^{1}(F_{2,3})

.
To the best of our knowledge,

F

2
,
3

F_{2,3}

is the first group whose BNSR-invariants are known exhibiting these properties.
New insights into neural networks of error monitoring and clinical implications: a systematic review of ERP studies in neurological diseases
Authors: Lenzoni Sabrina , Baker Joshua , Sumich Alexander L. , Mograbi Daniel C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Error monitoring allows for the efficient performance of goal-directed behaviors and successful learning. Furthermore, error monitoring as a metacognitive ability may play a crucial role for neuropsychological interventions, such as rehabilitation. In the past decades, research has suggested two electrophysiological markers for error monitoring: the error-related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe), thought to reflect, respectively, error detection and error awareness. Studies on several neurological diseases have investigated the alteration of the ERN and the Pe, but these findings have not been summarized. Accordingly, a systematic review was conducted to understand what neurological conditions present alterations of error monitoring event-related potentials and their relation with clinical measures. Overall, ERN tended to be reduced in most neurological conditions while results related to Pe integrity are less clear. ERN and Pe were found to be associated with several measures of clinical severity. Additionally, we explored the contribution of different brain structures to neural networks underlying error monitoring, further elaborating on the domain-specificity of error processing and clinical implications of findings. In conclusion, electrophysiological signatures of error monitoring could be reliable measures of neurological dysfunction and a robust tool in neuropsychological rehabilitation.
Correlation between the prevalence of T-cell lymphomas and alcohol consumption
Authors: Desmirean Minodra , Richlitzki Cedric , Pasca Sergiu , Teodorescu Patric , Petrushev Bobe , Rauch Sebastian , Steinheber Jakob , Iluta Sabina , Liu Jiaxin , Dima Delia , Grewal Ravnit , Ma Weina , Qian Liren , Tomuleasa Ciprian 
Published: July 2021

Background and aims. Alcohol is a psychoactive substance that causes dependence, with many thousands of years in the history of mankind, being widely used in different cultures. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, alcohol is involved in the development of cancer, being directly associated with it. Considering that alcohol is involved in the initiation and dissemination of gastrointestinal malignancies, the objective of the study was to assess its role in the pathogenesis of T-cell lymphomas, as well as its possible correlation with chronic consumption.
Methods. The patient cohort was compiled from the Sixth Medical Center of the People’s Liberation Army Navy General Hospital in Beijing, China. A total of 30 patients matched the criteria and were enrolled in the study. Statistical analysis of the raw data was performed using R Statistics version R 3.5.1. released on the 29.08.2018.
Results. Our data demonstrate that the most common extranodal involvment of T-cell lymphoma patients is represented in decreasing order by bone marrow, peritoneum, rhino-oropharynx and the liver-biliary system. Nodal involvement is mainly represented in decreasing order by the laterocervical, axillary, mediastinal and inguinal regions.
Conclusions. These findings may be of value in further research and practical/clinical settings. Fever is the most common clinical feature and was present in most studied patients.
Feasibility of a pilot study on point-of-care biomarkers in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in an emergency setting
Authors: Mureșan Eugenia-Maria , Golea Adela , Bolboacă Sorana D. , Perju-Dumbravă Lăcrămioara 
Published: July 2021

Background and aims. Stroke is a worldwide leading cause of death and disability and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) has significant economic and social impact, regardless of recent efforts towards outcome-bettering acute interventions. The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of a prospective observational research regarding point-of-care (POC) biomarkers in sICH, conducted in a level one emergency department (ED).
Methods. Patients with acute (<8 hours) sICH were enrolled in this study. Patients presenting a Glasgow Coma Scale score <8, secondary causes of intracerebral hemorrhage, seizures, recent ischemic events, known thromboembolic disease, anticoagulant treatment, severe pre-stroke disability, terminal disease, scheduled neurosurgery/ hemostatic treatment were excluded. Feasibility was defined as ED inclusion and follow-up rates, time-to-inclusion, and frequency of missing data. Baseline demographic, imaging and POC biochemical status of the study group were documented, including inflammatory (complete blood count, C-reactive protein), metabolic (glucose, hepatic, and renal function) and cardiovascular markers (cardiac troponin I, D-dimer).
Results. The inclusion rate was 2.16 patients/month with a final sample of 35 patients out of 239 potentially eligible patients. The median time from symptom onset to ED presentation was 128 minutes (IQR 96-239), with 21/35 patients having presented within the first 3 hours from ictus. Median times between symptoms’ onset to Computer Tomography (CT) scan and ED presentation to CT scan were 170 minutes (IQR 126-317) and 25 minutes (IQR 17-62), respectively. The median time from patient’s presentation to CBC result was 12 minutes (IQR 6.5-20), with 21/35 study participants having the results available within 15 minutes from ED arrival. The median cohort age was 72-years, with a 19/16 male/female ratio. Hypertension was the most frequent risk factor (77%), along with ischemic heart disease (31%) and diabetes (29%). One-third of the hypertensive patients did not undergo blood pressure lowering treatment. Median values of POC biomarkers on ED admission were within normal range.
Conclusions. It was feasible to determine point-of-care biomarkers in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage on admission in ED, despite the urgency of the medical condition.
The importance of androgen receptors in breast cancer
Authors: Niță Irina , Nițipir Cornelia , Toma Ștefania Andreea , Limbău Alexandra Maria , Pîrvu Edvina , Bădărău Ioana Anca 
Published: July 2021

Background and aim. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in females. For the breast malignant tumors there are numerous targeted therapies, depending on the receptors expressed. Regulating the process of epithelial-mesenchyme transcription, the steroid nuclear receptors are important in invasion and progression of BC cells. Till now, it is known that androgen receptor (AR) is present in about 60-80% of BC cells but, unfortunately, there is no targeted therapy available yet.
Methods. We revised the recent literature that included the AR mechanism of action in patients diagnosed with breast cancer, the preclinical, retrospective and clinical studies and the aspects related to the prognosis of these patients, depending on the molecular subtype.
Results. A total of 12 articles were eligible for this review. AR positivity was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Herein, neither 1 nor 10% cut-points were robustly prognostic. AR was an independent prognostic marker of BC outcome, especially in triple negative BC group.
Conclusion. AR is a potential targeted pathway which can improve the prognostic of AR positive patients with BC. Further preclinical and clinical studies are necessary to clarify the mechanism of action and to establish the drugs which can be used, either alone or in combination.
The Analisa Kelayakan Usaha Penangkapan Ikan dengan Pole and Line pada KM. Aspac 11
Authors: Suharyanto Suharyanto , Indi Beta , Sururi Misbah , Hikmatian Maqdits , Poltak Hendra 
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis tingkat kelayakan usaha penangkapan ikan dengan pole and line pada KM Aspac 11 yang beroperasi di WPPNRI 715. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kapal KM Aspac dan di tempat pendaratan ikan pada tanggal 02 Maret s.d 30 Mei 2020. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Variabel kelayakan usaha yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini berupa NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate of Return), dan Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha penangkapan yang dilakukan KM Aspac 11 di WPPNRI 715 layak untuk dijalankan dengan nilai NPV Rp. 916.444.000, sebesar, IRR sebesar 28,85, dan B/C Ratio sebesar 1,05.
Thinking Through Improvisation
Authors: Haire Nicky , MacDonald Raymond 
Published: July 2021

As part of a larger research study investigating humour in music therapy with persons with dementia, this article details how music therapists perceive, embody and experience humour in their practice. Three focus groups with music therapists ( N = 9) were organised and resulting data analysed through arts-based reflexive methods.
Building on Schenstead’s (2012) articulation of arts-based reflexivity, two distinct and overlapping forms of thinking through improvisation are highlighted; self-reflexivity and collaborative-reflexivity. Finlay’s (2011) phenomenological lifeworld-oriented questions are used to explicate dimensions of experiences of humour and frame broad thematic reflections. Particular correspondence between improvisation as a way of being and humour in music therapy are explored performatively through a group improvisation involving the first author.
The findings from this synthesis offer insight into how music therapists conceive of humour in their work as supportive of relational bonding, and also experience humour as distancing and defensive behaviour. Along with the perceived risks of humour in relational therapeutic work, an intricate balance between playfulness and professionalism surfaced as part of a music therapy identity. Improvisation, while seemingly taken for granted as a part of spontaneous humour, is also problematised through the perceived seriousness of learning how to improvise as a music therapist aligning with a psychodynamic approach. The consequences of these findings are discussed in relation to music therapy pedagogy and practice along with methodological implications of thinking through improvisation.
The Washback of the Ethiopian National English Examination (ENEE) for Grade 10 on Students’ Practice: Debre Markos Secondary Schools on Focus
Authors: Gashaye Simachew 
Published: July 2021

This study was intended to examine the washback of the General Secondary School English Exam on students’ practice. The study was conducted at three secondary schools in Debre Markos Town. 270 Grades 9 and 10 students were included. Questionnaire, focus group discussion (FGD), exam paper analysis and classroom observation were employed. The questionnaire data were analysed with mean per cent and multiple regression analysis. Whereas, the FGD data and observation data collected with field notes were analysed qualitatively. The content of two years national exam was analysed with percentage. The result revealed students were found practising mainly grammar and technical aspects of writing and speaking disregarding using their textbook in their practice. The factors mediated were students’ ambition for success in the exam, awareness of the exam and teachers’ exam-oriented teaching. Therefore, the washback of the exam negatively affected the successful implementation of the communicative syllabi.
INSERÇÃO DO TEMA SUSTENTABILIDADE NO CURSO DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS À LUZ DA TEORIA INSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Gehlen Karina Rocha Henriques , Reis Luciano Gomes dos , Favato Kelli Juliane 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: compreender o processo de institucionalização do tema sustentabilidade no curso de Ciências Contábeis da Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Ciências Contábeis da Universidade de São Paulo (FEA/USP).
Método: Estudo de caso exploratório com entrevistas semiestruturadas com 8 docentes que estão envolvidos com o tema e/ou presenciaram a sua inserção no curso. Empregou-se a análise de conteúdo, onde foram estabelecidas 6 categorias. A triangulação dos dados foi estabelecida utilizando o referencial teórico, as respostas dos entrevistados e os Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos (PPP) referentes aos anos 2000, 2006, 2009, 2013 e 2016.
Resultados: demonstram que o tema sustentabilidade está semi-institucionalizado em transição para o institucionalizado. A natureza do conceito de sustentabilidade adotado pelo curso possuí características de manutenção do status quo e reformista. Concluiu-se que a disciplina que aborda sustentabilidade tem atributos mais holísticos e interdisciplinares do que o curso de contabilidade como um todo.
Contribuições: a contribuição prática deste estudo é servir de base para que outras instituições possam inserir o tema sustentabilidade em seus projetos pedagógicos. Quanto a contribuição teórica o estudo mostra a aplicabilidade da Teoria Institucional de modo empírico, além do nível organizacional empresarial, adentrando no ambiente educacional.
Spectral characteristics ofPwaves from nuclear explosions and yield estimation
Authors: Der Zoltan , McElfresh Thomas , Wagner Robert , Burnetti James 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSpectra of teleseismic, short-period P waves from nuclear explosions show clear, path-related differences in their high-frequency falloff rates. P waves from Kazakh explosions commonly show significant seismic energy above the frequency of 5 Hz when recorded in shield regions. Peaceful nuclear explosions in the tectonically stable areas of the USSR have similar properties, together with the Amchitka explosions and SALMON. Nuclear explosions in the Western United States, Algeria, and French Polynesia show much less high frequency energy in their P-wave spectra, and signal energy above 5 Hz is usually not seen. We attribute these variations to lateral changes in the anelastic attenuation properties of the upper mantle. For the events in the contiguous United States, this interpretation is confirmed by the results of reciprocal measurements of Q. About 500 P-wave spectra, not including those utilized in the reciprocal measurements, were used to estimate the contribution to tp⋆ of the upper mantle Q structures under a number of nuclear test sites and observatories.
The spatial variation of the phasing of seismic strong ground motion
Authors: Abrahamson Norman A. , Bolt Bruce A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The amount and significance of observed spatial variations of the phasing of seismic strong ground motion are explored using synchronized accelerograms from a surface array of digital strong motion accelerometers. A dynamic response ratio is defined for a discrete linear structural system in order to measure the effect of spatial variations of the ground motion on the response of large structures with multiple seismic wave inputs. The response with differential phasing may differ significantly to that with traditional rigid base inputs. Measurements show that phase shifts in the ground motion recorded across the SMART 1 array in Taiwan can produce up to a 25 per cent reduction in the inphase response spectrum at 5 Hz for a structure spanning a distance of 200 m. The out-of-phase dynamic response ratio is 0.20 to 0.40 for a flexible structure with a period of 1 sec and a support spacing of 200 m.
In order to analyze more fully the effect of multi-support input motions, the concept of a seismic phase response spectrum is developed to complement the usual Housner (amplitude) response spectrum. An efficient estimation algorithm is outlined using complex demodulation. Seismological phase response spectra would seem to have wide application for engineering design.
Characteristics of the aftershock sequence of the Borah Peak, Idaho, earthquake determined from digital recordings of the events
Authors: Boatwright John 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, deployed and maintained a network of twelve digital instruments over the 2 weeks following the 28 October 1983 Borah Peak, Idaho, earthquake. The network recorded 45 events with M ≧ 3.0, and 6 events with M ≦ 4.0. The epicenters are located in a narrow band which parallels the trace of the surface fauiting up to the Willow Creek summit; the depths of the events range from 5 to 16 km. In the south, the distribution of hypocenters delineate a plane which dips to the southwest at 50°; to the north, the hypocenters dip steeply to the east. Composite focal mechanisms for three groups of events show normal faulting mechanisms; the mechanism of the aftershocks in the north appear rotated in both strike and dip from the aftershocks in the south. The seismic moments of the aftershocks increase with increasing hypocentral depth below 12 km. The dynamic stress drops of the events do not show any systematic variation with depth, however. Most of the events with large stress drops are clustered in the northwest limb of the aftershock distribution; the average stress drop of the southern events is 31 ± 16 bars, while the average stress drop of the events in the northwest limb is 77 ± 52 bars. This clustering of events with large stress drops marks an apparent stress concentration, possibly associated with the arrest of the main shock rupture propagation by a fracture barrier at depth.
The southern Italy earthquake of 23 November 1980: An unusual pattern of faulting
Authors: Crosson R. S. , Martini M. , Scarpa R. , Key S. C. 
Published: July 2021

abstractA complex rupture history for the 23 November 1980 magnitude 6.9 Italian earthquake resulted in an unusual pattern of two high-angle, subperpendicular normal faults forming the corner of a down-dropped crustal block. Evidence for this interpretation is from aftershocks, the pattern of strong ground motion, focal mechanism of the mainshock, and two critically placed leveling profiles. Quantitative modeling of leveling profiles using smoothly varying dislocation segments provides confirmation of the fault pattern and specific verification of the existence of a secondary fault which is suborthogonal to the primary fault. Rupture began on the NW-trending main fault with downward motion of the northeast block. About 40 sec after initial motion began, rupture initiated on an orthogonal NE-trending subsidiary fault, propagating away from the main fault. This fault pattern is consistent with tectonic extension in a northeasterly direction.
Microseism propagation between two sites on the deep seafloor
Authors: Webb Spahr C. , Constable Steven C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPressure and electric field fluctuations detected at two sites separated by a distance of 32 km on the deep seafloor are found to be partially coherent at frequencies between 0.05 and 0.6 Hz. The phase relationships observed between the two sites suggest coherent wave trains from three source regions produce the observed coherence. Plausible estimates for the azimuths to the sources can be obtained if Rayleigh wave phase velocities are assumed. Each source region is associated with a different peak in the power spectra of the pressure and electric field fluctuations. One source region is along the California coastline where microseisms between 0.05 and 0.1 Hz are generated by the steepening and breaking of swell along that coast. The two other source regions are in deep water where microseisms are produced by nonlinear interaction of surface gravity waves. These microseisms have frequencies which are double the frequency of principal surface gravity wave components. A region to the southeast of the two sites is associated with microseisms near 0.16 Hz, and a region to the northwest is associated with microseisms near 0.25 Hz.
A seismic telemetry system of large dynamic range
Authors: Teng Ta-Liang , Hsu Min 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An optimum telemetry system (OTS) has been developed that can be plugged directly into the front-end electronics of a field seismic station to enable large dynamic range (120 dB) data transmission, 60 dB resolution, and three-component seismic recording. This new system is designed to be accommodated within a conventional single ±125-Hz transmission channel. With CMOS microprocessors and a minimum of 64 kB memory, the OTS buffer stores 3.5 min of data for one channel or 1 min of data for three channels at 128 sps. The buffer storage can easily be expanded by an order of magnitude without significant increase in cost, but the present buffer size is sufficient for regional seismic networks of coverage less than 500 km in size; i.e., enough preevent memory is allowed for event trigger and gain-ranging operations. There is no sacrifice on timing accuracy, and to apply corrections to the travel-time delays is simple as the delays are exactly known. To guarantee the 60 dB resolution in a ±125-Hz FM transmission band, a new digital voltage-controlled oscillator has been designed for the OTS which keys the FM center frequency accurate to 0.1 per cent and practically eliminates the drift of the voltage-controlled oscillator center frequency. The OTS offers a practical solution to the severe signal-clipping problem that has plagued many high-performance telemetered seismic networks.
Observation of 1- to 5-second microtremors and their application to earthquake engineering. Part III. A two-dimensional study of site effects in the San Fernando Valley
Authors: Kagami Hiroshi , Okada Shigeyuki , Shiono Keishi , Oner Mete , Dravinski Marijan , Mal Ajit K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA two-dimensional study of the influence of deep sediment on seismic ground motions was conducted by recording and analyzing long-period microtremors in the San Fernando Valley, California. The recordings were made at 50 regularly distributed sites in the valley. Three reference sites were employed at the baserock outcrop around the valley so as to observe the time-dependent characteristics of the microtremors.Amplitudes in a period range of several seconds correlate with the thicknesses of the sedimentary layers. A site amplification effect, which was evaluated in terms of sediment-to-rock spectral ratios, is qualitatively consistent with available geological and strong motion data. The practical field observation procedure designed for this study, the two-dimensional approach, can be easily used in other surveys for estimating the spatial characteristics of earthquake ground motions in the period range of several seconds.