bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene Polymorphism of MUC15, MMP14, BRAF, and COL1A1 Is Associated with Capsule Formation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Sun Wei , Zhang Yongchao , Liu Bozhi , Duan Youjia , Li Wei , Chen Jinglong 
Published: April 2021

Background. The presence of a capsule is an important prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Capsule formation is affected by tumor-host interaction, which may include collagen deposition and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Purpose. This study aimed to examine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes for COL1A1 MUC15, MMP14, CD97, SMYD3, BRAF, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β) are related to capsule formation. Methods. We prospectively recruited and analyzed 185 patients with HCC with or without a capsule between 2019 and 2020. The SNPs involved were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Differences in the allele and genotype frequency between the cases and controls were evaluated using the chi-square test. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age and sex. Stratification analyses were also performed with preselected variables. Results. The single-locus analysis showed that the presence of a capsule was significantly associated with five SNPs : MUC15 rs17309195

P
=
0.01

, rs12271124

P
=

0.02

, rs10430847

P
=
0.04

, MMP14 rs17884816

P
=
0.01

, and BRAF rs74512895

P
=
0.03

. Adjusted logistic regression revealed that the decreased capsule formation was statistically significantly associated with BRAF rs76603725, COL1A1 rs2269336, and MUC15 rs17309195, while MMP14 rs17884816 and MUC15 rs10430847, rs2063278, and rs967490 were associated with increased capsule formation. The MUC15 block 2 haplotype was associated with increased capsule formation. Conclusions. MUC15, MMP14, BRAF, and COL1A1 gene polymorphisms are associated with capsule formation in HCC. Studies involving larger samples are needed to confirm our results.
Record of Oldenlandia hygrophila Bremek. (Spermacoceae: Rubiaceae), a lesser known herb from Palghat Gap of Western Ghats, Kerala, India
Authors: Vadakkeveedu Jagadesh Aswani  , Vasudevan Ambat Rekha  , Pathiyil Arabhi  , Manjakulam Khadhersha Jabeena  , Kunnamkumarath Jisha  , Maya Chandrashekaran Nair  
Published: April 2021

Oldenlandia hygrophila Bremek., a lesser known taxon has been relocated from the type location in the Palghat (Palakkad) gap region of southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India, and is described. Setiform cuticular protuberances all over the plant, branching pattern, stipule length, axillary solitary blue flower, corolla lobes not spreading during anthesis, size of flower, presence of hyaline hairs inside corolla tube, calyx lobe reaching one-fourth of the corolla tube, exerted anthers with glabrous filaments, sub - globose capsule and seed surface pattern are some of the peculiar features which makes this taxa different from other Oldenlandia species. After its type collection in 1972, this endemic taxa could not be relocated from its type locality till date.
Checklist of decapod crustaceans from the coast of the São Paulo state (Brazil) supported by integrative molecular and morphological data: IV. Infraorder Anomura: Superfamilies Chirostyloidea, Galatheoidea, Hippoidea and Paguroidea
Authors: MANTELATTO FERNANDO L. , MIRANDA IVANA , VERA-SILVA ANA L. , NEGRI MARIANA , BURANELLI RAQUEL C. , TEROSSI MARIANA , MAGALHÃES TATIANA , COSTA ROGÉRIO C. , ZARA FERNANDO J. , CASTILHO ANTONIO L. 
Published: April 2021

This checklist is the fourth contribution resulting from a long-term multidisciplinary project which combined morphological analyses and molecular techniques (mitochondrial DNA markers) for accurate identification of marine and coastal decapod crustaceans of São Paulo State (Brazil). We provide a list of 63 species of the following 11 families of 4 superfamilies of Anomura: Albuneidae (4 spp.), Blepharipodidae (1 sp.), Chirostylidae (1 sp.), Diogenidae (18 spp.), Hippidae (1 sp.), Munididae (8 spp.), Munidopsidae (1 sp.), Paguridae (13 spp.), Parapaguridae (2 spp.), Porcellanidae (13 spp.), and Pylochelidae (1 sp.). Seven species previously reported from the region were neither collected nor found in museum collections during our study, including one (Sympagurus dimorphus) that we suggest to be removed from São Paulo coast fauna lists. We generated new sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (barcode region) and 16S genes of 44 species. This anomuran inventory may serve as guideline for future studies on taxonomy, conservation, population genetics, biogeography, and phylogenetics, which might flag species that deserve further investigations and concerns.
A Victorian Curate
Authors: Yeandle David 
Published: April 2021

The Rev. Dr John Hunt (1827-1907) was not a typical clergyman in the Victorian Church of England. He was Scottish, of lowly birth, and lacking both social connections and private means. He was also a witty and fluent intellectual, whose publications stood alongside the most eminent of his peers during a period when theology was being redefined in the light of Darwin’s Origin of Species and other radical scientific advances.
Hunt attracted notoriety and conflict as well as admiration and respect: he was the subject of articles in Punch and in the wider press concerning his clandestine dissection of a foetus in the crypt of a City church, while his Essay on Pantheism was proscribed by the Roman Catholic Church. He had many skirmishes with incumbents, both evangelical and catholic, and was dismissed from several of his curacies.
This book analyses his career in London and St Ives (Cambs.) through the lens of his autobiographical narrative, Clergymen Made Scarce (1867). David Yeandle has examined a little-known copy of the text that includes manuscript annotations by Eliza Hunt, the wife of the author, which offer unique insight into the many anonymous and pseudonymous references in the text.
'A Victorian Curate: A Study of the Life and Career of the Rev. Dr John Hunt' is an absorbing personal account of the corruption and turmoil in the Church of England at this time. It will appeal to anyone interested in this history, the relationship between science and religion in the nineteenth century, or the role of the curate in Victorian England.
Preliminary evidence for the phosphodiesterase type-4 inhibitor, roflumilast, in ameliorating cognitive flexibility deficits in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Livingston Nicholas R , Hawkins Peter CT , Gilleen James , Ye Rong , Valdearenas Lorena , Shergill Sukhi S , Mehta Mitul A 
Published: April 2021

Background: Cognitive flexibility deficits are present in patients with schizophrenia and are strong predictors of functional outcome but, as yet, have no pharmacological treatments. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the phosphodiesterase type-4 inhibitor, roflumilast, can improve cognitive flexibility performance and functional brain activity in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: This was a within-subject, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-period crossover study using a version of the Intradimensional/Extradimensional (ID/ED) task, optimised for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in 10 patients with schizophrenia who were scanned after receiving placebo, 100 µg or 250 µg roflumilast for 8 consecutive days. Data from an additional fMRI ID/ED study of 18 healthy participants on placebo was included to contextualise the schizophrenia-related performance and activations. The fMRI analyses included a priori driven region of interest (ROI) analysis of the dorsal frontoparietal attention network. Results: Patients on placebo demonstrated broad deficits in task performance compared to the healthy comparison group, accompanied by preserved network activity for solution search, but reduced activity in left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and posterior parietal cortex for attentional set-shifting and reduced activity in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for reversal learning. These ROI deficits were ameliorated by 250 µg roflumilast, whereas during solution search 100 µg roflumilast reduced activity in the left orbitofrontal cortex, right DLPFC and bilateral PPC, which was associated with an improvement in formation of attentional sets. Conclusions: The results suggest roflumilast has dose-dependent cognitive enhancing effects on the ID/ED task in patients with schizophrenia, and provides sufficient support for larger studies to test roflumilast’s role in improving cognitive flexibility deficits in this clinical population.
Learner profile mapping: Stimulating autonomous motivation in entrepreneurship education
Authors: Donaldson Colin , Villagrasa Jorge , Sánchez Felipe 
Published: April 2021

Entrepreneurship education represents a popular area of contemporary study. Nonetheless, topical interest is heavily biased towards final outcomes, such as entrepreneurial intentions or ending motives to become an entrepreneur. In this regard, further development is needed to unearth the pedagogical processes that allow these perceived beneficial outcomes to emerge. The aim of this paper is to approach a commonly studied outcome variable – student motivation – from a novel perspective. An attempt is made towards its reframing as a processual construct that energises and directs effective engagement in learning itself. Contributing to the sharing of innovative pedagogical best practice and the linking of outcomes to methods of teaching, a way through which students’ motivation can be ignited and sustained is exposed. Specifically, an original approach towards increasing student autonomy is put forward and critiqued.
Resistance-strain sensitive rubber composites filled by multiwalled carbon nanotubes for structuraldeformation monitoring
Authors: Liu Xingyao , Guo Rongxin , Lin Zhiwei , Yang Yang , Xia Haiting , Yao Zheng 
Published: April 2021

In this article, multiwalled carbon nanotube/natural rubber composites with resistance-strain sensitivity were prepared by solution method, when the electrical percolation threshold of multiwalled carbon nanotube is only ∼3.5 wt%. The mechanical properties and resistance-strain response sensitivity were studied and analyzed systematically. The dispersion of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in the natural rubber matrix was characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer. The composite exhibits good deformation sensitivity (gauge factor >27), large strain sensing range (>200%), and high signal stability when multiwalled carbon nanotube content was appropriate. The composite is suited to application in strain monitoring of large deformation structures since the resistance-strain response is more stable when strain exceeds 100%. To understand the mechanism of the resistance-strain response, the ‘shoulder peak’ of resistance-strain curve was researched and explained by the digital image correlation method, and an analytical model was developed when considering the effects of electronic tunneling and hopping in multiwalled carbon nanotube networks. Both experiment and analytical results confirm the break-restructure process of multiwalled carbon nanotube networks under applied strain cause the resistance-strain response. Finally, the practical application of the composite to monitoring strain load of rubber isolation bearing was realized.
Focus and features of prescribing indications spanning multiple chronic conditions in older adults: A narrative review
Authors: Aubert Carole E , Kerr Eve A , Klamerus Mandi L , Hofer Timothy P , Wei Melissa Y 
Published: April 2021

Background: Inappropriate prescribing is frequent in older adults and associated with adverse outcomes. Prescribing indications aim to optimize prescribing, but little is known about the focus and features of prescribing indications for the most common chronic conditions in older adults. Understanding the conditions, medications, and issues addressed (e.g., patient perspective, drug-disease interaction, adverse drug event) in current prescribing indications may help to identify missing indications and develop standardized measures to improve prescribing quality. Methods: We searched Ovid/MEDLINE and EMBASE for articles published between 2015 and 2020 reporting prescribing indications for older adults. Prescribing indication included 1) prescribing “criteria,” or statements that guide prescribing action, and 2) prescribing “measures,” or prescribing actions observed in a population. We categorized their focus by conditions, medications and issues addressed, as well as level of evidence provided. Results: Among 16 sets of prescribing indications, we identified 748 criteria and 47 measures. The most common addressed medications were antihypertensives, analgesics/antirheumatics, and antiplatelets/anticoagulants. The most frequently addressed issues were drug-disease interaction, adverse drug event, administration, better therapeutic alternative, and (co-)prescription omission (20.8–36.1%). Age/functioning, drug-drug interaction, monitoring, and efficacy/safety ratio were found in only 9.9–16.5% of indications. Indications rarely focused on the patient perspective or issues with multiple providers. Conclusion: Most prescribing indications for chronic conditions in older patients are criteria rather than measures. Indications accounting for patient perspective and multiple providers are limited. The gaps identified in this review may help improve the development of prescribing measures for older adults and ultimately improve quality of care.
Novel manifestations of Warburg micro syndrome type 1 caused by a new splicing variant of RAB3GAP1: a case report
Authors: Khalesi Raziyeh , Razmara Ehsan , Asgaritarghi Golareh , Tavasoli Ali Reza , Riazalhosseini Yasser , Auld Daniel , Garshasbi Masoud 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
The present study aimed to determine the underlying genetic factors causing the possible Warburg micro syndrome (WARBM) phenotype in two Iranian patients.

Case presentation
A 5-year-old female and a 4.5-year-old male were referred due to microcephaly, global developmental delay, and dysmorphic features. After doing neuroimaging and clinical examinations, due to the heterogeneity of neurodevelopmental disorders, we subjected 7 family members to whole-exome sequencing. Three candidate variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing and allele frequency of each variant was also determined in 300 healthy ethnically matched people using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-PCR and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. To show the splicing effects, reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and RT-qPCR were performed, followed by Sanger sequencing. A novel homozygous variant—NM_012233.2: c.151-5 T > G; p.(Gly51IlefsTer15)—in the RAB3GAP1 gene was identified as the most likely disease-causing variant. RT-PCR/RT-qPCR showed that this variant can activate a cryptic site of splicing in intron 3, changing the splicing and gene expression processes. We also identified some novel manifestations in association with WARBM type 1 to touch upon abnormal philtrum, prominent antitragus, downturned corners of the mouth, malaligned teeth, scrotal hypoplasia, low anterior hairline, hypertrichosis of upper back, spastic diplegia to quadriplegia, and cerebral white matter signal changes.

Conclusions
Due to the common phenotypes between WARBMs and Martsolf syndrome (MIM: 212720), we suggest using the “RABopathies” term that can in turn cover a broad range of manifestations. This study can per se increase the genotype-phenotype spectrum of WARBM type 1.
Simulation training program for vacuum application to improve technical skills in vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery
Authors: Mannella Paolo , Giordano Mario , Guevara Maria Magdalena Montt , Giannini Andrea , Russo Eleonora , Pancetti Federica , Caretto Marta , Simoncini Tommaso 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveevaluation of technical skills of the operators during the obstetrical device application for operative vaginal delivery, named kiwi-cup in a simulation training program.MethodsThirty-five residents in obstetrics and gynecology of the University of Pisa, Italy were recruited and evaluated with an assessment scale on technical skills from 0 to 55 points. They performed various operative vaginal delivery simulations with kiwi-cup and were evaluated at time 0 by a tutor. After 8 weeks, simulation training was repeated and trainees were re-evaluated by the same tutor.Resultsafter 8 weeks from the first simulation session, trainees have been shown to increase technical skills (46.27 ± 4.6 withp-value < 0.0001), the successful application rate (85.71% withp-value 0.0161).) and to reduce the time to complete the procedure (86.2 ± 29.9 s withp-value < 0.0001).Conclusionsimulation training on operational vaginal delivery significantly increases technical skills, improves successful rate, and reduces the time taken to complete the procedure.Clinical trial registrationNot applicable.
Agitation and apathy increase risk of dementia in psychiatric inpatients with late-onset psychiatric symptoms
Authors: Shao Yuan , Xu Haiyun , Wang Jian , Dai Xijian , Liang Wei , Ren Lina , Wang Yongjun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
A diagnosis of dementia in middle-aged and elder people is often complicated by physical frailty and comorbid neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs). Previous studies have identified NPSs as a risk factor for dementia. The aim of this study was to figure out to what extent individual NPS and certain demographic factors increased the risk of dementia in middle-aged and senior psychiatric inpatients.

Methods
One hundred twenty-seven middle-aged and senior patients admitted to psychiatric wards for late-onset (age ≥ 50 years) psychiatric symptoms were included and categorized into dementia or non-demented psychiatric disorders (NDPD). The patients’ demographic information and medical records were collected during the first hospitalization and subjected to statistical analyses.

Results
41.73% of the registered psychiatric inpatients were diagnosed as dementia in which Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was the dominant subtype. The NDPD group consisted of nine individual diagnoses, except for schizophrenia. The frequencies of dementia inpatients increased with first episode age while that of NDPD inpatients decreased with first episode age. In the enrolled inpatients, most of dementia patients were males while females accounted for a higher proportion of NDPD patients. 58.49% of enrolled dementia inpatients presented cognitive deficit (CD) as the initial symptom while the remaining 41.51% showed NPS as initial symptom. Of the 12 NPSs, agitation and apathy greatly and significantly increased risk of dementia in psychiatric inpatients with late-onset psychiatric symptoms.

Conclusions
These results added evidence that the demented patients admitted to psychiatric ward are more likely to be male, older first episode age, and have characteristic NPS including aberrant motor behavior (AMB), hallucinations, agitation, irritability and apathy. Further, this study emphasized the importance of agitation and apathy of NPSs functioning as risk factors of dementia in these inpatients.
Assessment of depression, anxiety and stress levels in the Ecuadorian general population during social isolation due to the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mautong Hans , Gallardo-Rumbea Jorge Andrés , Alvarado-Villa Geovanny Efraín , Fernández-Cadena Juan Carlos , Andrade-Molina Derly , Orellana-Román Carlos Enrique , Cherrez-Ojeda Iván 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic with serious consequences that have led to the implementation of unprecedented social isolation measures. At the early stages of the pandemic, Ecuador was one of the most affected countries in Latin America. The objective of this study was to assess the levels of depression, anxiety and stress in the Ecuadorian general population during the social isolation period due to COVID-19.

Methods
A web-based survey consisting of 31 short-answer and multiple-choice questions was administered to the general population from April 22–May 3, 2020. Mental health status was assessed through the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) questionnaire. Ordinal logistic analyses were used to identify potential risk factors associated with the severity of mental health issues.

Results
A total of 626 individuals were included. Most of them were females (60.5%), and their mean age was 29.6 ± 11.7 years. Approximately 17.7% of the respondents had moderate to very severe levels of depression, 30.7% had similar levels of anxiety, and 14.2% experienced stress. Female sex, younger age, student status, and having a relative diagnosed with COVID-19 were associated with significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress. Ordinal regression models showed that being a student was a risk factor for having more severe levels of depression (OR = 3.67; 95% CI = 2.56–5.26, p: 0.0001), anxiety (OR= 1.86; 95% CI= 1.35–2.55, p: 0.0001), and stress (OR = 2.17; 95% CI= 1.47–3.19, p: 0.0001). Having a relative with COVID-19 was also found to be a risk factor only for depression (OR= 1.70; 95% CI= 1.03–2.80, p: 0.036) and anxiety (OR = 2.17; 95% CI= 1.35–3.47, p: 0.001). Additionally, male sex, older age, and having more children were found to be protective factors for the three conditions.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that social isolation due to the COVID-19 outbreak has impacted the mental health of the general population in Ecuador. We identified potential risk and protective factors that could serve as a foundation from which to develop psychological strategies to safeguard the mental health of our population during the current pandemic.
Immediate psychological outcomes associated with COVID-19 pandemic in frontline physicians: a cross-sectional study in Egypt
Authors: Abu-Elenin Mira Maged 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe mental health of frontline healthcare workers is influenced by the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. This adversely affects their clinical performance and productivity. Therefore, it is important to recognize levels of anxiety, depression and identify the contributing factors.MethodsA cross-sectional study recruited physicians working at frontline positions in university teaching and isolation hospitals in the Mid Delta Region of Egypt from April to May 2020. Data was collected through an electronic online survey. Anxiety and depression levels were assessed using General Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire − 9 respectively.ResultsThe study included 237 physicians, their mean age was 38.2 ± 6.2 years and 58% of them were males. Overall, 78.9% and 43.8% of all participated physicians reported symptoms of anxiety and depression. 85% of respondents had children with a significant increase in the risk of anxiety (OR = 20.2). This study revealed that poor sleep quality, being a resident physician, disrupted social life, and stigma exposure due to COVID-19, were significant mediating factors for the observed anxiety (OR = 0.53,3.28,0.18,1.56 respectively) and depressive symptoms (OR = 0.51,1.39,0.56,1.9 respectively). However, working in isolation hospitals wasn’t a significant contributing factor.ConclusionThe frontline physicians experienced a high rate of mental symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. That requires prompt intervention, taking into consideration the underlying determinants.