bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elucidating the role of negative parenting in the genetic v. environmental influences on adult psychopathic traits
Authors: Dotterer Hailey L. , Vazquez Alexandra Y. , Hyde Luke W. , Neumann Craig S. , Santtila Pekka , Pezzoli Patrizia , Johansson Ada , Burt S. Alexandra 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPsychopathic traits involve interpersonal manipulation, callous affect, erratic lifestyle, and antisocial behavior. Though adult psychopathic traits emerge from both genetic and environmental risk, no studies have examined etiologic associations between adult psychopathic traits and experiences of parenting in childhood, or the extent to which parenting practices may impact the heritability of adult psychopathic traits using a genetically-informed design.MethodsIn total, 1842 adult twins from the community reported their current psychopathic traits and experiences of negative parenting during childhood. We fit bivariate genetic models to the data, decomposing the variance within, and the covariance between, psychopathic traits and perceived negative parenting into their genetic and environmental components. We then fit a genotype × environment interaction model to evaluate whether negative parenting moderated the etiology of psychopathic traits.ResultsPsychopathic traits were moderately heritable with substantial non-shared environmental influences. There were significant associations between perceived negative parenting and three of four psychopathy facets (interpersonal manipulation, erratic lifestyle, antisocial tendencies, but not callous affect). These associations were attributable to a common non-shared environmental pathway and not to overlapping genetic effects. Additionally, we found that primarily shared environmental influences were stronger on psychopathic traits for individuals with a history of greater negative parenting.ConclusionsUtilizing a genetically-informed design, we found that both genetic and non-shared environmental factors contribute to the emergence of psychopathic traits. Moreover, perceptions of negative parenting emerged as a clear environmental influence on the development of interpersonal, lifestyle, and antisocial features of psychopathy.
Old Facts, New Beginnings: Thinking with Arendt about Algorithmic Decision-Making
Authors: Herzog Lisa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMore and more decisions in our societies are made by algorithms. What are such decisions like, and how do they compare to human decision-making? I contrast central features of algorithmic decision-making with three key elements—plurality, natality, and judgment—of Hannah Arendt's political thought. In “Arendtian practices,” human beings come together as equals, exchange arguments, and make joint decisions, sometimes bringing something new into the world. With algorithmic decision-making taking over more and more areas of life, opportunities for “Arendtian practices” are under threat. Moreover, there is the danger that algorithms are tasked with decisions for which they are ill-suited. Analyzing the contrast with Arendt's thinking can be a starting point for delineating realms in which algorithmic decision-making should or should not be welcomed.
Constructivist Approaches to First Language Acquisition
Authors: BEHRENS Heike 
Published: August 2021

AbstractConstructivist approaches to language acquisition predict that form-function mappings are derived from distributional patterns in the input, and their contextual embedding. This requires a detailed analysis of the input, and the integration of information from different contingencies. Regarding the acquisition of morphology, it is shown which types of information leads to the induction of (lexical) categories, and to paradigm building. Regarding the acquisition of word order, it is shown how languages with fixed or variable word order profit from stable syntactic hyperschemas, but require a more detailed analyses of the form-function contingencies to identify the underlying, more specific semantic, syntactic and morphological patterns. At a theoretical level, it is shown how findings from acquisition and processing converge into new linguistic theories that aim to account for regular as well as irregular phenomena in language.
On travelling wave solutions of a model of a liquid film flowing down a fibre
Authors: JI HANGJIE , TARANETS ROMAN , CHUGUNOVA MARINA 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExistence of non-negative weak solutions is shown for a full curvature thin-film model of a liquid thin film flowing down a vertical fibre. The proof is based on the application of a priori estimates derived for energy-entropy functionals. Long-time behaviour of these weak solutions is analysed and, under some additional constraints for the model parameters and initial values, convergence towards a travelling wave solution is obtained. Numerical studies of energy minimisers and travelling waves are presented to illustrate analytical results.
lncRNA SNHG14 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of thyroid tumour cells by regulating miR-93-5p
Authors: Tian Fang , Ying Huimin , Liao Shuaiju , Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Quansheng 
Published: August 2021

SummaryLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert vital functions in the occurrence and development of various tumours. The aim of this study was to examine the regulatory effect and underlying molecular mechanism of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) on the proliferation, invasion and migration of thyroid tumour cells. The expression of SNHG14 in thyroid tumour cell lines was determined using qRT-PCR. CCK-8 and western blot were used to detect the effects of SNHG14 on proliferation and apoptosis of thyroid tumour cells. The effect of SNHG14 on the migration and invasion of thyroid tumour cells was analyzed using immunofluorescence, wound-healing and transwell assays. A targeting relationship between SNHG14 and miR-93-5p was determined using bioinformatics software and luciferase reporter assays. In addition, CCK-8, immunofluorescence, wound-healing and transwell assays were applied to demonstrate that SNHG14 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of thyroid tumour cells by targeting miR-93-5p. The biological function of SNHG14 in vivo was explored through a xenograft model and immunohistochemistry. SNHG14 was upregulated in thyroid tumour cells compared with normal cells. Downregulation of SNHG14 effectively reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of TPC-1 cells, and induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, SNHG14 directly targeted miR-93-5p and there was a negative correlation between them. Further functional experiments illustrated that miR-93-5p overexpression dramatically reversed the promoting role of SNHG14 in proliferation, migration and invasion of TPC-1 cells. Our results demonstrated that SNHG14 promotes the proliferation, invasion and migration of thyroid tumour cells by downregulating miR-93-5p.
The added value of the electrocardiogram in Noonan syndrome
Authors: Vos Eefke , Leenders Erika , Werkman Sterre R. , Udink ten Cate Floris E. A. , Draaisma Jos M. T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNoonan syndrome is a genetic disorder characteried by short stature, typical facial features, developmental delay, and CHD. In this single-centre retrospective study, we analysed typical Noonan syndrome-related electrocardiographic features in 95 patients with clinically and molecularly confirmed Noonan syndrome. Typical Noonan syndrome-related electrocardiographic features are left axis deviation, small left precordial R-waves, large right precordial S-waves, abnormal Q-wave, and abnormal wide QRS complex. In this representative cohort, CHD was found in 59 patients (62.1%) and typical Noonan syndrome-related electrographic features in 60 patients (63.2%). The typical Noonan syndrome-related electrographic features were also increased over baseline in patients without CHD (41.7%). Of all 95 patients, left axis deviation was seen in 46.3%, small left precordial R-waves in 30.5%, large right precordial S-waves in 5.3%, and abnormal Q-wave and wide QRS complex in 2.1%. There was no significant difference in the frequency of the individual-specific electrographic features between the group with CHD and the group without CHD. However, there were significantly more patients with a small left precordial R-wave in the subgroup with pulmonary stenosis compared to patients without pulmonary stenosis. Conclusion: Specific Noonan syndrome-related electrographic features are frequently present in patients with Noonan syndrome, also in the absence of CHD. These results suggest that there may be a continuum of cardiac anomalies from overt CHD to milder abnormalities that are only seen on electrocardiogram.
Evaluation of iodine nutritional status during pregnancy by estimated 24-h urinary iodine excretion: population variation range and individual accuracy
Authors: Bu Ye , Cai Yan , Ji Chunlei , Zhao Chunyan , Tian Chunyuan , Pang Bo , Shi Mengqi , Li Xin , Liu Ying , Sun Dianjun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective:
To explore the accuracy of estimated 24-h urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIEest) in assessing iodine nutritional status.

Design:
Fasting venous blood, 24-h and spot urine samples were collected during the day. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and urinary creatinine concentration (UCrC) were measured, and the urinary iodine-to-creatinine ratio (UI/Cr), 24-h UIEest, and 24-h urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE) were calculated. At the population level, correlation and consistency between UIC, UI/Cr, 24-h UIEest and 24-h UIE were assessed using correlation analysis and Bland–Altman plots. At the individual level, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyse the accuracy of the above indicators for evaluating insufficient and excessive iodine intake. The reference interval of 24-h UIEest was established based on percentile values.

Setting:
Indicator can accurately evaluate individual iodine nutrition during pregnancy remains controversial.

Participants:
Pregnant women (n 788).

Results:
Using 24-h UIE as standard, the correlation coefficients of 24-h UIEest from different periods of the day ranged from 0·409 to 0·531, and the relative average differences ranged from 4·4 % to 10·9 %. For diagnosis of insufficient iodine intake, the area under the ROC curve of 24-h UIEest was 0·754, sensitivity and specificity were 79·6 % and 65·4 %, respectively. For diagnosis of excessive iodine intake, the area of 24-h UIEest was 0·771, sensitivity and specificity were 66·7 % and 82·0 %, respectively. The reference interval of 24-h UIEest was 58·43–597·65 μg.

Conclusions:
Twenty-four-hour UIEest can better indicate iodine nutritional status at a relatively large sample size in a given population of pregnant women. It can be used for early screening at the individual level to obtain more lead time for pregnant women.
Stadial‐Interstadial Temperature and Aridity Variations in East Central Europe Preceding the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Újvári Gábor , Bernasconi Stefano M. , Stevens Thomas , Kele Sándor , Páll‐Gergely Barna , Surányi Gergely , Demény Attila 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLast glacial North Atlantic climate is characterized by abrupt, centennial‐millennial scale climate oscillations, called Dansgaard‐Oeschger (D‐O) events. Understanding the cause and propagation of these D‐O events into Eurasia is hampered by the scarcity of quantitative paleotemperature estimates from continental archives with precise, independent age models. Here, we present land snail shell carbonate clumped isotope‐based active season paleotemperature estimates and δ13C/δ18O‐based aridity reconstructions from Greenland stadial/interstadials (GS/GI) between 31 and 26.5 ka from the 14C‐dated Dunaszekcső loess section (Hungary). This reconstruction is complemented with a new 230Th‐dated flowstone stable isotope record covering 30‐26 ka. Our snail shell clumped isotope (Δ47) data indicate growing season temperatures (GSTs) of 16°C–18°C and 7°C–14°C for the investigated interstadials and stadials, respectively. Stable carbon and oxygen stable isotope compositions of shells and flowstone calcite reveal milder interstadials with drier summers and more available moisture over the winter season, and colder stadials with annually/seasonally (winter) drier conditions, promoting increased loess/dust deposition. We propose that large‐scale ocean‐atmospheric variability, characterized by NAO phases, may have imparted a major control on transmitting abrupt North Atlantic climate event signals into continental Europe during the last glacial.
Miocene Phosphatization of Rocks From the Summit of Rio Grande Rise, Southwest Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Benites Mariana , Hein James R. , Mizell Kira , Jovane Luigi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMarine phosphorites are an important part of the oceanic phosphorus cycle and are related to the effects of long‐term global climate changes. We use petrography, mineralogy, rare earth elements contents, and 87Sr/86Sr‐determined carbonate fluorapatite (CFA) and calcite ages to investigate the paragenesis and history of phosphatization of carbonate sediments, limestones, ferromanganese crusts, and ironstones from the summit of Rio Grande Rise (RGR), Southwest Atlantic Ocean. Phosphatization of all the rock types occurred throughout the Miocene from 20.2 to 6.8 million years ago (Ma), and occasionally during the Quaternary, mainly through the cementation of carbonate sediments by cryptocrystalline CFA, likely involving the dissolution of the smaller size fraction of foraminifera‐nannofossil ooze. Porosity/permeability and abundance of fine calcite material were important factors determining the intensity of phosphatization of the various rock types. Phosphatization was initiated during a transition to a more dynamic circulation system in the South Atlantic Ocean, which remobilized phosphorus from deeper waters and increased primary productivity that culminated with the middle‐Miocene Climatic Optimum between ∼17 and 14.8 Ma. The relatively shallow‐water depth of RGR summit during the Miocene provided proximity to the oxygen minimum zone, a reservoir for reactive phosphorus, especially during periods of enhanced phosphorus cycling spurred by surface primary productivity. The cessation of phosphatization at RGR resulted from a rapidly cooling and dry climate that characterized the Miocene‐Pliocene transition. Our results support previous observations that periods of broadly intensified ocean circulation and local hydrodynamic changes were the key paleoceanographic links to phosphorite formation.
Biological Response to the Interaction of a Mesoscale Eddy and the River Plume in the Northern South China Sea
Authors: Geng Bingxu , Xiu Peng , Liu Na , He Xianqiang , Chai Fei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Pearl River delivers a large amount of freshwater, sediments and nutrients to the northern shelf of the South China Sea (SCS). In June 2015, an anomalously strong phytoplankton bloom was captured by satellite images in the slope region of the northern SCS, which was associated with the southeastward spreading of the river plume on the shelf and a southwestward‐moving eddy along the slope. In this study, the underlying dynamics triggering the bloom was investigated using a coupled physical‐biogeochemical model. Results show that the nutrients supporting the bloom were not directly sourced from the Pearl River, but were transported locally from subsurface. The eddy cross‐slope current advected low salinity water from the Pearl River plume, which interacted with eddy edge and enhanced frontal dynamics with vertical motions. The front‐induced upwelling injected nutrients from subsurface to surface layer and stimulated phytoplankton bloom in the upper layer. Overall, the phytoplankton bloom was attributable to the interaction of freshwater plume on top and the eddy edge induced anomaly in the subsurface. These findings suggest that the eddy‐entrained freshwater could have significant biological consequences through modifying local dynamics in the plume‐influenced region.
Lamin-A interacting protein Hsp90 is required for DNA damage repair and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Chen Quan , Wu Di , Chen Qifeng , Gong Guanghui , He Liuqing , Wu Xiaoying 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOvarian cancer is the most malignant gynecologic cancer. Previous studies found that lamin-A was associated with DNA damage repair proteins but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We speculate that this may be related to its interacting proteins, such as Hsp90. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Hsp90 on DNA damage repair and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells. In our research, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to identify proteins interacting with lamin-A and the interaction domain. Next, the relationship between lamin-A and Hsp90 was explored by Western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence staining. Then, effect of Hsp90 inhibition on DNA damage repair was assessed through detecting Rad50 and Ku80 by WB. Furthermore, to test the roles of 17-AAG on cell chemosensitivity, CCK-8 and colony formation assay were carried out. Meanwhile, IC50 of cells were calculated, followed by immunofluorescence to detect DNA damage. At last, the mouse xenograft model was used in determining the capacity of 17-AAG and DDP to suppress tumor growth and metastatic potential. The results showed that lamin-A could interact with Hsp90 via the domain of lamin-A1-430. Besides, the distribution of Hsp90 could be affected by lamin-A. After lamin-A knockdown, Hsp90 decreased in the cytoplasm and increased in the nucleus, suggesting that the interaction between lamin-A and Hsp90 may be related to the nucleocytoplasmic transport of Hsp90. Moreover, inhibition of Hsp90 led to an obvious decrease in the expression of DSBs (DNA double-strand break) repair proteins, as well as cell proliferation ability upon DDP treatment and IC50 of DDP, causing more serious DNA damage. In addition, the combination of 17-AAG and DDP restrained the growth of ovarian cancer efficiently in vivo and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice.
Patched regulates lipid homeostasis by controlling cellular cholesterol levels
Authors: Cadena del Castillo Carla E. , Hannich J. Thomas , Kaech Andres , Chiyoda Hirohisa , Brewer Jonathan , Fukuyama Masamitsu , Færgeman Nils J. , Riezman Howard , Spang Anne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHedgehog (Hh) signaling is essential during development and in organ physiology. In the canonical pathway, Hh binding to Patched (PTCH) relieves the inhibition of Smoothened (SMO). Yet, PTCH may also perform SMO-independent functions. While the PTCH homolog PTC-3 is essential in C. elegans, worms lack SMO, providing an excellent model to probe non-canonical PTCH function. Here, we show that PTC-3 is a cholesterol transporter. ptc-3(RNAi) leads to accumulation of intracellular cholesterol and defects in ER structure and lipid droplet formation. These phenotypes were accompanied by a reduction in acyl chain (FA) length and desaturation. ptc-3(RNAi)-induced lethality, fat content and ER morphology defects were rescued by reducing dietary cholesterol. We provide evidence that cholesterol accumulation modulates the function of nuclear hormone receptors such as of the PPARα homolog NHR-49 and NHR-181, and affects FA composition. Our data uncover a role for PTCH in organelle structure maintenance and fat metabolism.
Dual-initiating and living frustrated Lewis pairs: expeditious synthesis of biobased thermoplastic elastomers
Authors: Bai Yun , Wang Huaiyu , He Jianghua , Zhang Yuetao , Chen Eugene Y.-X. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBiobased poly(γ-methyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) (PMMBL), an acrylic polymer bearing a cyclic lactone ring, has attracted increasing interest because it not only is biorenewable but also exhibits superior properties to petroleum-based linear analog poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). However, such property enhancement has been limited to resistance to heat and solvent, and mechanically both types of polymers are equally brittle. Here we report the expeditious synthesis of well-defined PMMBL-based ABA tri-block copolymers (tri-BCPs)—enabled by dual-initiating and living frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs)—which are thermoplastic elastomers showing much superior mechanical properties, especially at high working temperatures (80–130 °C), to those of PMMA-based tri-BCPs. The FLPs consist of a bulky organoaluminum Lewis acid and a series of newly designed bis(imino)phosphine superbases bridged by an alkyl linker, which promote living polymerization of MMBL. Uniquely, such bisphosphine superbases initiate the chain growth from both P-sites concurrently, enabling the accelerated synthesis of tri-BCPs in a one-pot, two-step procedure. The results from mechanistic studies, including the single crystal structure of the dually initiated active species, detailed polymerizations, and kinetic studies confirm the livingness of the polymerization and support the proposed polymerization mechanism featuring the dual initiation and subsequent chain growth from both P-sites of the superbase di-initiator.
Molecular engineering towards efficientwhite-light-emitting perovskite
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Zhao Lili , Xie Jiahao , Zhang Qian , Wang Xiaoyu , Yaqoob Najma , Yin Zhengmao , Kaghazchi Payam , Zhang San , Li Hua , Zhang Chunfeng , Wang Lei , Zhang Lijun , Xu Weigao , Xing Jun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLow-dimensional hybrid perovskites have demonstrated excellent performance as white-light emitters. The broadband white emission originates from self-trapped excitons (STEs). Since the mechanism of STEs formation in perovskites is still not clear, preparing new low-dimensional white perovskites relies mostly on screening lots of intercalated organic molecules rather than rational design. Here, we report an atom-substituting strategy to trigger STEs formation in layered perovskites. Halogen-substituted phenyl molecules are applied to synthesize perovskite crystals. The halogen-substituents will withdraw electrons from the branched chain (-R-NH3+) of the phenyl molecule. This will result in positive charge accumulation on -R-NH3+, and thus stronger Coulomb force of bond (-R-NH3+)-(PbBr42−), which facilitates excitons self-trapping. Our designed white perovskites exhibit photoluminescence quantum yield of 32%, color-rendering index of near 90 and chromaticity coordinates close to standard white-light. Our joint experiment-theory study provides insights into the STEs formation in perovskites and will benefit tailoring white perovskites with boosting performance.
Organocatalytic enantioselective dearomatization of thiophenes by 1,10-conjugate addition of indole imine methides
Authors: Li Xingguang , Duan Meng , Yu Peiyuan , Houk K. N. , Sun Jianwei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCatalytic asymmetric dearomatization (CADA) is a powerful tool for the rapid construction of diverse chiral cyclic molecules from cheap and easily available arenes. This work reports an organocatalytic enantioselective dearomatization of substituted thiophenes in the context of a rare remote asymmetric 1,10-conjugate addition. By suitable stabilization of the thiophenyl carbocation with an indole motif in the form of indole imine methide, excellent remote chemo-, regio-, and stereocontrol in the nucleophilic addition can be achieved with chiral phosphoric acid catalysis under mild conditions. This protocol can be successfully extended to the asymmetric dearomatization of other heteroarenes including selenophenes and furans. Control experiments and DFT calculations demonstrate a possible pathway in which hydrogen bonding plays an important role in selectivity control.