bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and initial experience of left radial approach for diagnostic neuroangiography
Authors: Chalouhi Nohra , Sweid Ahmad , Al Saiegh Fadi , Sajja Kalyan C. , Schmidt Richard F. , Avery Michael B. , Mouchtouris Nikolaos , Khanna Omaditya , Weinberg Joshua H. , Romo Victor , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula , Gooch Michael Reid , Herial Nabeel , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Jabbour Pascal 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNeuroangiography has seen a recent shift from transfemoral to transradial access. In transradial neuroangiography, the right dominant hand is the main access used. However, the left side may be used specifically for left posterior circulation pathologies and when right access cannot be used. This study describes our initial experience with left radial access for diagnostic neuroangiography and assesses the feasibility and safety of this technique. We performed a retrospective review of a prospective database of consecutive patients between April 2018 and January 2020, and identified 20 patients whom a left radial access was used for neurovascular procedures. Left transradial neuroangiography was successful in all 20 patients and provided the sought diagnostic information; no patient required conversion to right radial or femoral access. Pathology consisted of anterior circulation aneurysms in 17 patients (85%), brain tumor in 1 patient (5%), and intracranial atherosclerosis disease involving the middle cerebral artery in 2 patients (10%). The left radial artery was accessed at the anatomic snuffbox in 18 patients (90%) and the wrist in 2 patients (10%). A single vessel was accessed in 7 (35%), two vessels in 8 (40%), three vessels in 4 (20%), and four vessels in 1 (5%). Catheterization was successful in 71% of the cases for the right internal carotid artery and in only 7.7% for the left internal carotid artery. There were no instances of radial artery spasm, radial artery occlusion, or procedural complications. Our initial experience found the left transradial access to be a potentially feasible approach for diagnostic neuroangiography even beyond the left vertebral artery. The approach is strongly favored by patients but has significant limitations compared with the right-sided approach.
Novel globular C1q domain-containing protein (PmC1qDC-1) participates in shell formation and responses to pathogen-associated molecular patterns stimulation in Pinctada fucata martensii
Authors: Xiong Xinwei , Li Chuyi , Zheng Zhe , Du Xiaodong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe C1q protein, which contains the globular C1q (gC1q) domain, is involved in the innate immune response, and is found abundantly in the shell, and it participates in the shell formation. In this study, a novel gC1q domain-containing gene was identified from Pinctada fucata martensii (P. f. martensii) and designated as PmC1qDC-1. The full-length sequence of PmC1qDC-1 was 902 bp with a 534 bp open reading frame (ORF), encoding a polypeptide of 177 amino acids. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) result showed that PmC1qDC-1 was widely expressed in all tested tissues, including shell formation-associated tissue and immune-related tissue. PmC1qDC-1 expression was significantly high in the blastula and gastrula and especially among the juvenile stage, which is the most important stage of dissoconch shell formation. PmC1qDC-1 expression was located in the outer epithelial cells of mantle pallial and mantle edge and irregular crystal tablets were observed in the nacre upon knockdown of PmC1qDC-1 expression at mantle pallial. Moreover, the recombined protein PmC1qDC-1 increased the rate of calcium carbonate precipitation. Besides, PmC1qDC-1 expression was significantly up-regulated in the mantle pallial at 6 h and was significantly up-regulated in the mantle edge at 12 h and 24 h after shell notching. The expression level of PmC1qDC-1 in mantle edge was significantly up-regulated at 48 h after LPS stimulation and was significantly up-regulated at 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after poly I:C stimulation. Moreover, PmC1qDC-1 expression was significantly up-regulated in hemocytes at 6 h after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and poly I:C challenge. These findings suggest that PmC1qDC-1 plays a crucial role both in the shell formation and the innate immune response in pearl oysters, providing new clues for understanding the shell formation and defense mechanism in mollusk.
Development and implementation of SafeMedWaste, a chemical denaturant for non-hazardous disposal of controlled medications
Authors: Leishman Emma , Wang Yizhong , Channu Reddy , Boyst Evan , Hartmann Marshall , Stas Justin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSubstance use disorders are a significant public health issue. Options to dispose of controlled medications are limited, increasing the risk of diversion. Providing an alternative for disposal, a chemical denaturant, SafeMedWaste, was designed to destroy controlled substances irreversibly and safely be placed in non-hazardous landfills. Via HPLC–MS, four formulations of SafeMedWaste were tested with 34 different liquid controlled medications from DEA schedules I–V. Beta testing assessed the efficacy of SafeMedWaste in a clinical setting and on waste generated in a manufacturing setting. Furthermore, a formulation of SafeMedWaste was tested on solid controlled medications. All 34 of the liquid medications tested (e.g., amphetamine, diazepam, fentanyl, ketamine) were fully destroyed in SafeMedWaste within 2–24 h. Analysis of a beta test sample of SafeMedWaste containing fentanyl, midazolam, and morphine waste collected in a hospital showed full denaturation of these drugs in 24 h. Variants of SafeMedWaste were optimized to denature six different controlled substance waste samples from a manufacturing facility. In contrast to side-by-side studies with a charcoal disposal system using the same drugs, SafeMedWaste fully inactivated and destroyed the controlled substances in the waste streams. Another formulation of SafeMedWaste was tested on solid medications, which were fully denatured in 48–72 h. In conclusion, SafeMedWaste irreversibly denatures controlled medications that present a problem in our society.
Adverse outcomes associated with the treatment of Toxoplasma infections
Authors: Shammaa Ahmed M. , Powell Thomas G. , Benmerzouga Imaan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAdverse outcomes associated with the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infections in patients with various health backgrounds have not been characterized. The aim of this study was to identify the adverse outcomes and adverse events associated with the current clinical treatments of Toxoplama gondii infections using real world data reported to the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS). Data submitted to FAERS between 2013 and 2019 was retrieved and analyzed. Reporting odds ratio of death was calculated for the drugs having ≥ 25 reports of adverse outcomes. The adverse event profiles for the same drugs were analyzed and the reporting odds ratio was calculated relative to all other drugs used in the treatment of Toxoplasma infections. There were 503 cases reporting the treatment of Toxoplasma infections in the FAERS database. Death (DE) was the adverse outcome in 102 reports, of which 23 (22.5%) anti-Toxoplasma drugs were listed as the primary suspect drug (PS). Clindamycin (2.04; 1.07–3.90) followed by pyrimethamine (1.53; 0.99–2.36) were the most likely to be associated with death. Adverse events analysis suggest that sulfonamides formulations may have a less favorable safety profile. Our study represents the first real-world analysis of adverse outcomes and events associated with the treatment of Toxoplasma infections. Our findings support the need to better understand the current first-line agents for Toxoplasma infections, in addition to underscoring the need to identify safer regimens.
Machine learning for pattern and waveform recognitions in terahertz image data
Authors: Bulgarevich Dmitry S. , Talara Miezel , Tani Masahiko , Watanabe Makoto 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSeveral machine learning (ML) techniques were tested for the feasibility of performing automated pattern and waveform recognitions of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy datasets. Out of all the ML techniques under test, it was observed that random forest statistical algorithm works well with the THz datasets in both the frequency and time domains. With such ML algorithm, a classifier can be created with less than 1% out-of-bag error for segmentation of rusted and non-rusted sample regions of the image datasets in frequency domain. The degree of linear correlation between the rusted area percentage and the image spatial resolution with terahertz frequency can be used as an additional cross-validation criteria for the evaluation of classifier quality. However, for different rust staging measured datasets, a standardized procedure of image pre-processing is necessary to create/apply a single classifier and its usage is only limited to 1 ± 0.2 THz. Moreover, random forest is practically the best choice among the several popular ML techniques under test for waveform recognition of time-domain data in terms of classification accuracy and timing. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of random forest and several other machine learning algorithms for terahertz hyperspectral pattern recognition.
Formation and annihilation of stressed deformation twins in magnesium
Authors: Louca Karim , Abdolvand Hamidreza , Mareau Charles , Majkut Marta , Wright Jonathan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe mechanical response of polycrystalline materials to an externally applied load and their in-service performance depend on the local load partitioning among the constituent crystals. In hexagonal close-packed polycrystals such load partitioning is significantly affected by deformation twinning. Here we report in-situ compression-tension experiments conducted on magnesium specimens to measure the evolution of grain resolved tensorial stresses and formation and annihilation of twins. More than 13000 grains and 1300 twin-parent pairs are studied individually using three-dimensional synchrotron X-ray diffraction. It is shown that at the early stages of plasticity, the axial stress in twins is higher than that of parents, yet twins relax with further loading. While a sign reversal is observed for the resolved shear stress (RSS) acting on the twin habit plane in the parent, the sign of RSS within the majority of twins stays unchanged until twin annihilation during the load reversal. The variations of measured average stresses across parents and twins are also investigated.
Chemical analysis of early-type stars with planets
Authors: Saffe C. , Miquelarena P. , Alacoria J. , Flores M. , Jaque Arancibia M. , Calvo D. , Martín Girardi G. , Grosso M. , Collado A. 
Published: January 2021

Aims. Our goal is to explore the chemical pattern of early-type stars with planets, searching for a possible signature of planet formation. In particular, we study a likely relation between the λ Boötis chemical pattern and the presence of giant planets.
Methods. We performed a detailed abundance determination in a sample of early-type stars with and without planets via spectral synthesis. Fundamental parameters were initially estimated using Strömgren photometry or literature values and then refined by requiring excitation and ionization balances of Fe lines. We derived chemical abundances for 23 different species by fitting observed spectra with an iterative process. Synthetic spectra were calculated using the program SYNTHE together with local thermodynamic equilibrium ATLAS12 model atmospheres. We used specific opacities calculated for each star, depending on the individual composition and microturbulence velocity vmicro through the opacity sampling method. The complete chemical pattern of the stars were then compared to those of λ Boötis stars and other chemically peculiar stars.
Results. We compared the chemical pattern of the stars in our sample (13 stars with planets and 24 stars without detected planets) with those of λ Boötis and other chemically peculiar stars. We have found four λ Boötis stars in our sample, two of which present planets and circumstellar disks (HR 8799 and HD 169142) and one without planets detected (HD 110058). We have also identified the first λ Boötis star orbited by a brown dwarf (ζ Del). This interesting pair, the λ Boötis star and brown dwarf, could help to test stellar formation scenarios. We found no unique chemical pattern for the group of early-type stars bearing giant planets. However, our results support, in principle, a suggested scenario in which giant planets orbiting pre-main-sequence stars possibly block the dust of the disk and result in a λ Boötis-like pattern. On the other hand, we do not find a λ Boötis pattern in different hot-Jupiter planet host stars, which does not support the idea of possible accretion from the winds of hot-Jupiters, recently proposed in the literature. As a result, other mechanisms should account for the presence of the λ Boötis pattern between main-sequence stars. Finally, we suggest that the formation of planets around λ Boötis stars, such as HR 8799 and HD 169142, is also possible through the core accretion process and not only gravitational instability.
Laparoscopic hepatectomy for the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis
Authors: Wan Li , Ran Bo , Aji Tuerganaili , Shalayiadang Paizula , Jiang Tiemin , Shao Yingmei , Wen Hao 
Published: January 2021

Background: At present, laparoscopy is relatively mature as a minimally invasive technique, but there are few reports on this approach for the radical treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (AE). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) for AE treatment. Results: A retrospective review of medical records obtained from 13 patients diagnosed with AE between January 2018 and December 2019 and treated with laparoscopic hepatectomy was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. All patients (n = 13) underwent hepatic resection using laparoscopy and none were transferred to open surgery. The average duration of surgery was 285 min (145–580 min). Intraoperative bleeding was 305 mL (20–2000 mL). The mean duration of postoperative catheterization was 6.9 days (3–21 days), and postoperative hospital stay was 7.2 days (4–14 days). No complication of Clavien-Dindo grade III or above occurred, except for the second patient with acute liver failure post-surgically. No recurrences or deaths were observed at 9–30 months of follow-up. Conclusions: Laparoscopic hepatectomy appears to be safe and effective in selected AE patients. The advantages of this technique for AE treatment need to be further compared with the classical open approach.
Effect of the COVID-19 global pandemic on tourists’ preferences and marketing mix of accommodation facilities – case study from Czech Republic
Authors: Dušek Radim , Sagapova Nikola 
Published: January 2021

Research background:Two related effects of the COVID-19 global pandemic on tourism and hospitality in the Czech Republic are already evident for the upcoming summer months. In the first place, it is the effect on the Czech tourists’ preferences. The pandemic forced them to reconsider their plans and, as a result, it is evident that more tourists will spend summer only in the Czech Republic. This change in preferences is connected with a second effect, concerning the strategies of the domestic accommodation facilities - their managers should adapt marketing mix to meet the demand of Czech clients, because unlike the previous years, these tourists will become their main target group.Purpose of the article:The aim of the paper is to identify the preferences for summer holiday in 2020 of the Czech tourists who have decided to spend summer holiday only in the Czech Republic because of the COVID-19 global pandemic as well as to find out their wants in terms of accommodation facilities’ marketing mix.Methods:During spring 2020, a survey of 637 respondents was conducted to determine the preferences of the Czech tourists for summer holiday in 2020. This paper is focused on the analysis of data from respondents who decided to spend this year’s summer holiday only in the Czech Republic (a total of 202 respondents).Findings & Value added:Based on the results, we will define findings for accommodation facilities regarding the possible update of marketing mix to meet the actual demand of Czech tourists.
Reducing the Impact of the Global COVID-19 Pandemic on Business Entities in the Czech Republic from an Accounting and Tax Perspective
Authors: Hakalova Jana , Kryskova Sarka , Psenkova Yvetta 
Published: January 2021

Research background: The global pandemic declared by WHO on 11 March 2020 has had a widespread impact on the world economy, and the COVID-19 outbreak has severely affected economic life throughout the globalized world. Governments have taken various measures to support their economy and financial stability. The global restrictions on production and services, reduced demand for goods and services and this year’s cash-flow problems will certainly lead to a significant decline in their profits, especially for small and medium-sized companies. The COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly affected most business entities in the Czech Republic.
Purpose of the article: The purpose of the paper is to describe, analyse and evaluate measures of the government of the Czech Republic, which aimed at reducing the impact of the pandemic on businesses in the Czech Republic.
Methods: In the paper, classical types of scientific procedures were applied using theoretical and empirical methods which include description, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison and evaluation and so on.
Findings & Value added: The paper analyses the impacts of COVID-19 in the context of accounting measures from the perspective of Czech and international accounting regulations. The paper proposes a solution in the area of mandatory reactions of accounting entities to a completely unusual situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic which should be mandatory and disclosed in the notes to the financial statements. Furthermore, the paper evaluates a set of measures in the field of taxation, wages and insurance premiums intended for business entities and their employees.
The impact of СOVID-19 on the global economy in the context of globalization
Authors: Huseynova Shahla , Godjayeva Elmira , Huseynova Vafa 
Published: January 2021

Research background:When analyzing the results, hypotheses were tested for the presence of a statistically significant relationship between the studied variables with a 5% error risk. The chi-square method was used to test for a statistically significant relationship, and the Cramer coefficient was used to determine the strength of the relationship. A survey conducted in Azerbaijan found mostly moderate statistically significant relationships between individual variables.Purpose of the article:The article discusses the most important aspects of the contemporary global problem of coronavirus infection COVID-19, shows the distribution of coronavirus across countries, analyzes the ability of different countries to counteract epidemics and pandemics by the Global Health Safety Index, shows the real situation of the effectiveness of the health systems of some countries in the fight against a pandemic. The aim of this study is to examine several aspects in connection with the pandemic and its impact on the education and tourism sector. The work also shows the impact of the pandemic on the global economy in general and on international tourism in particular. To activate the tourism market, the development of virtual tourism is proposed, which has great prospects in terms of quarantines and border closures.Methods:The article applies such general scientific research methods as analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach, methods of comparisons, expert assessments, as well as a method of analyzing hierarchies.Findings & Value added:Universities - many of which rely heavily on revenue from their foreign intakes - are being pushed to the brink. Around the world, international students and their parents are weighing their options as the pandemic wreaks havoc like never before on the overseas university education business. What was relevant this morning is already outdated by noon. Our task is to track existing trends, moods and suggest some prospects for getting out of the situation or adapting to it.
The impact of digitization on economy in the context of the Coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Ionescu Crina , Iordache Mihaela , Țițan Emilia 
Published: January 2021

Research background: As COVID-19 is posing unprecedented challenges, the governments as well as the individuals have to adapt to the shift towards a new lifestyle. The preventing measures against the spread of the novel coronavirus has important consequences on economy sectors both at global and national level. In this regard, it is the right time to accelerate the development of the digital tools and technologies that can help neutralize or at least mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19. Purpose of the article: Therefore, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the current situation of digitization, focusing on the main transformations in recent months.
Methods: Throughout the paper, there can be distinguished both qualitative and quantitative approach. The methods used include a secondary research from official information and primary quantitative research obtained from a conducted survey that explains the importance and the impact of digitization on economy in the face of a global pandemic.
Findings & Value added: The article highlights the impact of digitization on the economy by comparing the findings from Romanian economy with other EU countries. It is noted that in areas where the digitization was more developed or where the adaptation to the new conditions imposed by the crisis generated by COVID-19 has been faster, the impact was significantly lower as well.
Online learning as a result of globalization during the pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Kokhanovskaya Evgenia , Smychkova Elena , Chai Maria 
Published: January 2021

Research background: The article discusses and compares the models and characteristic features of contemporary electronic distance learning (EDL). The relevance of the use of distance technologies in education, including extreme situations like a pandemic, is justified. The main emphasis is placed on the organization of the learning process, using online technologies.
Purpose of the article: This research aims to analyze and evaluate the efficiency of working in the format of electronic distance learning (EDL), as well as to investigate into various EDL models, based on the example of teaching Russian as a foreign language at the Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication of Sechenov University during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Analysis and synthesis of empirical observation.The study makes it possible to assess the pros and cons of EDL from the point of view of both students and the teaching staff. Of particular importance is the fact that the authors present not only the analysis of the learning process but, also, the examination of the EDL results.
Findings & Value added: The data presented in the work show the demand for making a connection between EDL and the traditional form of education with a view to ensuring the continuity of the educational process and improving the quality of the content created of electronic educational resources. Thus, the integration of EDL and its combination with traditional methods made it possible to avoid economic and educational losses in the extreme context of the COVID-19 pandemic.