bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Storying place: A tok stori about relationalities in Oceanic education and development
Authors:   , de la Torre Parra Maria 
Published: December 2021

<p>Education and development are intimately connected and highly contested in Oceania, in theory and in practice. Indigenous Oceanic notions and practices of both education and development are fundamentally relational, and are expressions of culture, identity, kinship, and embeddedness in place. Oceanic peoples are engaged in ongoing resistance and negotiation with externally imposed models of education and development, at a variety of scales. This study is an inquiry into relationalities at the intersection of education and development in Oceania. It is a body of work that has emerged from the author’s extensive relationships in East New Britain province, Papua New Guinea. The research has an explicit decolonising agenda, reflected in the use of the relational practice of tok stori as the primary methodological framework, in order to centre the knowledge, practices and interests of Oceanic peoples. The relational space created by storying with Gunantuna/Tolai elders, educators, development practitioners, and other community members in East New Britain, brought forth uniquely place centred insights about the ways development and education are articulated, contested, negotiated and reclaimed by Indigenous peoples at the local level.</p>
Toward Engineering the Substrate Specificity of a PHA Synthase (PhaC)
Authors:   , Kane Alex 
Published: December 2021

<p>Manufacturing of high-grade plastics from petroleum-based feedstocks is a high-cost, unsustainable process resulting in expensive products. My overall goal was to engineer the pathway of bacterial bio-polyester formation, in order to produce high-grade bioplastics. More specifically, the aim was to introduce aromatic rings into the main-chain of the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymer currently produced by specialist bacteria. This research aimed to create these bio-plastics from renewable resources, rather than relying on petroleum-based sources. A key enzyme for this process is the polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, PhaC. This enzyme is capable of polymerizing activated hydroxybutyrate-CoA monomers. I began with the establishment of a system that allowed the use of directed evolution. I constructed a minimal plasmid for the expression of PhaC and a second plasmid with the CoA ligase genes required for substrate activation. I generated error-prone PCR libraries of the Cupriavidus necator phaCa, Chromobacterium sp. USM2 phaCb and an ancestrally reconstructed phaCb-LCA that contained differing spectra of mutations. A life-or-death selection was employed to select for PhaC variants able to polymerise aromatic substrates based upon the toxicity of the un-polymerized aromatic hydroxyacid monomers. I determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for six of these monomers in Escherichia coli for downstream selection. Lastly, I adapted a Nile red screening method to test wild-type PHA accumulation of PhaC enzymes. Selections for mutants capable of polymerizing aromatic monomers were implemented on the libraries generated from phaCa and phaCb. Whereas, the library generated from phaCb-LCA was screened for variants with increased wild-type activity. Selections yielded no candidates for further testing. However, the screen isolated several variants with increased wild-type activity. These variants may serve as a new scaffold for further mutagenesis experiments to achieve the overall goal; to produce a high-grade bioplastic.</p>
Effectiveness of the United Kingdom Soil Protection Laws in Protecting the Ecosystem Service of Carbon Sequestration Introduction
Authors: Demir Merve , Green Iain , Ginige Tilak 
Published: December 2021

Carbon is crucial for life and exists in various reservoirs, such as plant tissues, soil organic matter, geology, and atmosphere. There is a direct relationship between carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere and rising temperatures. CO2 is removed from the atmosphere and stored in ecosystems. Carbon sequestration (CS) – the process of capturing and storing atmospheric CO2 – and expanding C storage of soils are appealing climate change (CC) responses. Agricultural soils are one of the largest C reservoirs and have potential for extended CS. Thus, protecting this ecosystem service (ES) we obtain from soils is crucial for addressing CC. Soil protection legislation should incorporate the significance of CS.
The key issues in the sphere of natural resources can only be addressed by utilizing natural sciences in legal arguments. Accordingly, this study begins with highlighting the importance of soils for CS from a natural science perspective. This study analyses soil protection laws in the UK by scrutinizing whether they eliminate pressures on agricultural soils in a way that protect CS. The findings of this study suggest that soil protection laws do not offer a satisfactory protection for CS. We conclude by discussing alternative approaches for protecting CS in an effective manner and reverse the current trends in ES protection.
Метод определения параметров утечек в трубопроводах на основе гидродинамических моделей
Authors: Bondar Denis V. , Zholobov Vladimir V. , Nadezhkin Oleg S. 
Published: December 2021

It is known that on the basis of the pipeline non-stationary hydrodynamic model after identification of parameters included in it, it is possible to adequately reproduce the full-scale hydraulic characteristics of transported medium flow by resolving the primal problem of hydraulics, in particular, the primal problem of identifying leakage parameters. The numerical solution of the inverse problem, in contrast to the analytical solution, is usually reduced to a multiple solution of the primal problem. In the present work, the hydrodynamic mathematical model of a pipeline with two parameters that have been identified and fluid withdrawal in the set section is confined to differential equations of evolutionary type for medium cross-section pressure and mass flow. Based on the built partial analytical solutions of these equations, dependences have been obtained for calculation of pressure values in the oil pipeline operated in stationary mode with existing liquid withdrawal (leakage). Results of application of analytical solutions to the method of sensitivity functions in the inverse problem of identifying leakage parameters have been reviewed. Exact analytical solution (in implicit form) of the inverse problem has been obtained to make it possible to relate the location of the leak to readings of pressure sensors, to the pipeline and the transported fluid parameters.
Известно, что на основе нестационарной гидродинамической модели трубопровода после идентификации входящих в нее параметров можно адекватно воспроизводить натурные гидравлические характеристики потока транспортируемой среды путем решения прямой задачи гидравлики, в частности, прямой задачи об утечке, когда местоположение и расход отбора заданы. Численное решение обратной задачи, в отличие от аналитического обычно сводится к многократному решению прямой задачи. В предлагаемой работе гидродинамическая математическая модель трубопровода с двумя параметрами, прошедшими идентификацию, и отбором жидкости в заданном сечении сведена к дифференциальным уравнениям эволюционного типа для среднего по сечению давления и массового расхода. На основе частных аналитических решений данных уравнений получены зависимости для определения давления в работающем в стационарном режиме нефтепроводе при наличии отбора (утечки). Рассмотрены результаты применения аналитических решений к методу функций чувствительности в обратной задаче утечки. Получено точное аналитическое решение (в неявной форме) обратной задачи, позволяющее связать местоположение утечки с показаниями датчиков давления, характеристиками трубопровода и транспортируемой среды.
Математический алгоритм для обнаружения утечек малой интенсивности
Authors: Loginov Ivan N. , Korshunov Sergey A. 
Published: December 2021

The operating principle of leak detection systems, based on registration of transported medium hydroacoustic fluctuations, appearing due to pipeline loss of containment, consists of identification of hydraulic impulse, originating in case of leakage, using acoustic dynamic pressure measuring sensors - hydrophones. However, during pumping at pipeline stationary operating mode hydrophones also register background noises, which can mask the leakage signal. To separate the useful leakage signal it is important to construct an algorithm that allows lowering the noise component of the signals. Within the scope of experimental research, two pairs of hydrophones were used, which were installed at the functioning main oil pipeline at a distance of 20 km of each other. The distance between the adjacent paired hydrophones was no more than 1 km. Leaks were imitated by draining the product (diesel fuel) in the middle of control section. Authors considered the methods of noisy signals filtration and possible methods of cleared signals processing to determine the leak parameters. Mathematical algorithm that allows minimizing the influence of signal noise by filtration and mutual hydrophone readings compensation was proposed. It is established, that the developed algorithm allows detecting the leakages of low intensity (up to 0.1 % of actual flow) in cases of stationary pipeline operating mode and pumping stop mode.
Принцип работы систем обнаружения утечек, основанных на регистрации гидроакустических колебаний транспортируемой среды, возникающих из-за разгерметизации трубопровода, состоит в идентификации гидравлического импульса, возникающего при образовании утечки, с помощью акустических датчиков измерения динамического давления – гидрофонов. Однако гидрофоны в процессе перекачки при стационарном режиме работы трубопровода регистрируют в том числе фоновые шумы, которые могут маскировать сигнал от утечки. Для выделения полезного сигнала утечки актуально построение алгоритма, позволяющего понизить шумовые составляющие сигналов. В рамках экспериментальных исследований использовались две пары гидрофонов, которые устанавливались на действующем магистральном нефтепродуктопроводе на расстоянии 20 км друг от друга. Расстояние между соседними гидрофонами в паре составляло не более 1 км. Утечки имитировались путем выполнения натурных сливов продукта (дизельного топлива) в середине контрольного участка. Авторами рассмотрены методы фильтрации зашумленных сигналов и возможные способы обработки очищенных сигналов с целью определения параметров утечки. Предложен математический алгоритм, позволяющий минимизировать влияние шумовых составляющих сигналов путем фильтрации и взаимной компенсации показаний пар гидрофонов. Установлено, что разработанный алгоритм позволяет обнаруживать утечки малой интенсивности (до 0,1 % от фактического расхода) в условиях стационарного режима работы трубопровода и режима остановленной перекачки.
Совершенствование методов планирования ремонтных работ на основе анализа надежности нефтепроводной системы
Authors: Belostotsky Mikhail A. , Korolenok Anatoly M. 
Published: December 2021

The author presents the methodology for identifying risks in operation of main oil pipelines, which can be based upon in improvement of methods for planning overhauls of the main pipelines. A method for calculating reliability indicators of the system is reviewed, including analysis of the type distributions of the system elements failures pattern. The reliability of the system is determined by purely mathematical operations on the obtained distributions. Such an approach is typical for the system (structural, mathematical) theory of reliability, the key task thereof being the transition from the elements reliability indicators to the system reliability indicators. It is advisable to resolve the problems of calculating the actual reliability of a complex technical system taking for consideration the dependencies of its elements, based on the approach assuming that reliability of the elements and the system shall be calculated in the general multi-level simulation process wherein both physical and structural models are used. Physical models of elements reliability are used at lower levels, while structural models are used at higher ones.
Установлена своевременность и актуальность идентификации и формализации структурно-логических связей показателей эксплуатации линейной части магистральных нефтепроводов. Представлена методология идентификации рисков при эксплуатации магистральных нефтепроводов, которая может быть положена в основу совершенствования методов планирования их капитальных ремонтов. Рассмотрен метод для расчета показателей надежности технической системы, предусматривающий анализ типовых распределений отказов ее элементов. Надежность системы находится чисто математическими операциями над полученными распределениями. Подобный подход характерен для системной (структурной, математической) теории надежности, основной задачей которой является переход от показателей надежности элементов к показателям надежности системы. Задачи расчета реальной надежности сложной технической системы с учетом зависимостей ее элементов целесообразно решать на основе подхода, который состоит в том, что расчет надежности элементов и системы проводится в общем многоуровневом имитационном моделирующем процессе с применением физических и структурных моделей. Физические модели надежности элементов используются на низших уровнях, а структурные модели – на высших.
Editorial
Authors: Waras Nurcholis  
Published: December 2021

Puji dan syukur kami panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas rahmat dan hidayahNya, Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Volume 6 No 1 tahun 2021 dapat diterbitkan. Jurnal Jamu Indonesia merupakan media untuk diseminasi hasil penelitian yang berkaitan dengan jamu di Indonesia. Jamu telah dikenal lama penduduk Indonesia sebagai salah satu pengobatan. Berbagai tanaman di Indonesia sangat berpotensi sebagai jamu. Penelitian tanaman obat dari bagian daun, batang, dan rimpang tanaman telah banyak dilakukan dan terus berkembang.
Jurnal Jamu Indonesia pada Volume 6 No 1 Tahun 2021 terdiri atas 5 naskah yang termasuk ke dalam original artikel. Artikel pertama terkait aktivitas penghambatan polimerisasi hem dan skrining fitokimia dari fraksi etil asetat batang manuran (Coptosapelta tomentosa Valeton ex K. Heyne). Artikel ke-dua mengkaji tinjauan etnomedisin oleh peramu jamu Jawa di Yogyakarta pada jamu kunir asam. Artikel ke-tiga terkait dengan pengaruh ketinggian tempat terhadap produktivitas piperin dari buah cabe jawa dan lada hitam. Artikel ke-empat melakukan kajian tentang penapisan fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan terhadap hasil perasan lengkuas merah dan lengkuas putih. Preparasi gelatin sapi berbasis tulang femur untuk aplikasi cangkang kapsul obat herbal melalui hidrolisis asam dan karakterisasinya merupakan artikel ke-lima.
Redaksi mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh penulis atas partisipasinya dalam berbagi hasil penelitiannya melalui publikasi di Jurnal Jamu Indonesia. Redaksi juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh reviewer atas partisipasinya dalam meningkatkan kualitas tulisan naskah jurnal di edisi ini. Semua hasil karya tersebut akan diarsipkan sebagai dokumentasi berharga demi terjaganya informasi yang dapat menjadi sumber pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan di masa depan. Kontribusi publikasi peneliti-peneliti dan pejuang Jamu Indonesia terus kami harapkan untuk dapat disampaikan di dalam Jurnal Jamu Indonesia ini. Peningkatan kontribusi jumlah dan kualitas tulisan yang telah dan akan dimasukkan akan dapat membantu pengembangan jurnal ini, dan pada saatnya diharapkan juga dapat menjadikan Jurnal Jamu Indonesia menjadi referensi baik secara nasional, maupun internasional.Maret 2021Waras NurcholisWakil Ketua Dewan Redaksi
Pemetaan Bidang Ilmu Pada Skripsi Fakultas Ekologi Manusia Lulusan Tahun 2014-2018 Berdasarkan Standar Universal Decimal Classification
Authors: Ratnaningsih  , Atnah Aat 
Published: December 2021

Ekologi manusia adalah studi yang mengkaji interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan. Sebagai bagian dari ekosistem, manusia merupakan makhluk hidup yang ekologik dominan. Kajian sosial akan penyebaran manusia dalam tata wilayah dipelajari dalam konteks ekologi manusia. Ekologi manusia menekankan penyebaran manusia dan variable sosialnya dalam tata ruang, sehingga kajiannya berkaitan dengan geografi. Saat ini semua kajian berkaitan dengan ekologi manusia, yaitu biologi, antropologi, ekonomi, teknologi, psikologi, hukum, pertanian, pendidikan, kesehatan masyarakat, filsafat, agama dan lain-lain.
Untuk mengetahui sebaran topik peminatan di bidang ekologi manusia maka dilakukan kajian. Kajian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Data yang dikaji semua berasal dari skripsi mahasiswa lulusan tahun 2014 – 2018 (lima tahun). Selanjutnya data dikelompokan disesuaikan dengan pengelompokan bidang ilmu dengan standar Universal Decimal Classification. Tabel yang dihasilkan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil yang diharapkan dapat diketahui sebaran topik penelitian di bidang ekologi manusia, membuat pemetaan bidang ilmu berdasarkan hasil penelitian mahasiswa Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, serta nenghasilkan rekomendasi kepada pimpinan agar dapat mengarahkan mahasiswa untuk meneliti bidang bidang yang belum pernah diteliti
Kedudukan Kepala Desa Dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 Jo Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pindana Korupsi
Authors: Syahban  , Hotma P. Sibuea  , Saimima Ika Dewi Sartika 
Published: December 2021

Kedudukan Kepala Desa sebagai subjek hukum dalam undang-undang nomor 31 tahun 199 jo undang-undang nomor 20 tahun 2001 tentang tindak pidana korupsi tidak ditemukan. Dalam undang-undang tersebut subjek hukum diatur dalam Pasal 1, meliputi, korporasi, penyelenggara negara, pegawai negeri sipil dan orang perseorangan. Kekosongan hukum dalam undang-undang tindak pidana korupsi tentu menjadi persoalan, jika kepala desa berbenturan dengan Pasal 5, 11, 12 dan 12 B. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah tentang; Kepala Desa memiliki status hukum sebagai pegawai negeri sipil atau penyelenggara negara. Status hukum Kepala Desa yang ideal dalam konteks undang-undang tindak pidana korupsi? Tujuan penelitian ini untuk Meneliti apakah kepala desa dapat dikategorikan sebagai pegawai negeri atau penyelenggara negara seperti dimaksud dalam undang-undang nomor 31 tahun 1999 jo undang-undang nomor 20 tahun 2001 tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi. Kedua, untuk mengetahui status hukum yang ideal kepala desa dalam undang-undang nomor 31 tahun 1999 jo undang-undang nomor 20 tahun 2001 tentang pemberantasana tindak pidana korupsi. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metoda penelitian yuridis normatif. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil sebagai berikut. Pertama, kedudukan Kepala Desa tidak dapat dikategorikan memiliki status hukum Pegawai Negeri atau Penyelenggara Negara seperti dimaksud dalam undang-undang nomor 31 tahun 1999 jo undang-undang nomor 20 tahun 2001 tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi. Kedua, status hukum kepala desa yang ideal dalam hubungannya dengan undang-undang nomor 31 tahun 1999 jo undang-undang nomor 20 tahun 2001 tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi adalah sebagai penyelenggara negara. Saran yang dapat disampaikan sebagai berikut. Pertama, undang-undang nomor 31 tahun 1999 jo undang-undang nomor 20 tahun 2001 tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi tidak menjelaskan kedudukan hukum kepala desa, apakah sebagai pegawai negeri atau penyelenggara negara. Maka, untuk mempertegas kedudukan hukum kepala desa tersebut perlu dilakukan revisi atau perubahan. Kedua, dalam revisi atau perubahan undang-undang nomor 31 tahun 1999 jo undang-undang nomor 20 tahun 2001 tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi perlu ditambah atau disisipkan satu ayat yang mengatur status kedudukan hukum kepala desa, yaitu sebagai penyelenggara negara.
World capital flows under global instability
Authors: Kvashnina I. 
Published: December 2021

The article examines the changes in the cross-border capital flows that have taken place in recent years, including those caused by COVID-19 pandemic and economic crisis. Negative trends in the movement of foreign direct investment are noted and the prospects for their growth are analyzed. Considering the measures of economic policy in relation to investment, the author comes to the conclusion that the role of the state will inevitably strengthen, as well as that of international institutions.
Study of Variability and Genetic Diversity of 50% Heading Date and Seed Yield in Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)
Authors: Dipti Rownok Jahan , Khaleque MA 
Published: December 2021

The present investigation involves study of variability and genetic diversity of few developmental characters such as date of maximum flower per plant (DMF), number of seeds per plant (NSPP) and seed weight per plant (SWPP) in blackgram (Vigna mungo L.). These three quantitative characters were studied in 24 lines and three years under different environmental conditions. The model proposed by Perkins and Jinks was followed in this study. In the analysis, greater portion of total phenotypic variation (s2p) appeared to be due to the environmental variations (s2e). The highest heritability (h2 b) (0.8181) was found for SWPP, while the highest genetic advance (G.A.=172.5508), high genetic advance of percentage (G.A.%=332.5627) and high genetic co-efficient of variability (G.C.V.=161.4381) were estimated in NSPP. The present investigation deals with the analysis of phenotypic, genotypic and environmental co-efficient of variability, range, mean with standard error, heritability (in broad sense), genetic advance and genetic advance of percentage. Genetic co-efficient of variability was very much pronounced and varied from treatment to treatment, year to year and lines to lines for all the characters, which indicates that the characters were quantitative in nature and under polygenic control. Therefore, further research would be undertaken for improving the characters of this pulse.
South Asian J. Agric., 7(1&2): 1-5
Planting Date Affects Growth and Yield Performance of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)
Authors: Sultana Jinat , Mannan Md Abdul , Kamal Uddin Khan Shamim Ahmed , Kamal Md Mostofa 
Published: December 2021

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different planting time on the growth and yield of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) at the Germplasm Centre of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, from September, 2016 to March, 2017. There were four planting times included in the experiment viz., T1: 15 October, T2: 15 November, T3: 15 December, and T4: 15 January. Data were collected on plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf length and breadth (cm), curd size (cm), individual plant weight (kg) and yield (t/ha). The tallest plant (81.20 cm), maximum number of leaves (23.60), leaf length (64.40 cm), leaf breadth (24.60 cm) and also curd length (19.80 cm) and breadth (18.00 cm) were recorded from the treatment T2 (November planting). The economic (67.08 t/ha) and biological yield (87.88 t/ha) were also found to be the highest in the treatment T2 (November planting) followed by the highest benefit cost ratio (2.15). Therefore, the planting of cauliflower could be done during November in Khulna region to ensure better growth and yield with better economic return.
South Asian J. Agric., 7(1&2): 25-29