bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mechanobiological theory: a unifying hypothesis on the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease based on a systematic review
Authors: Sudhir Bhanu Jayanand , Keelara Arun Gowda , Venkat Easwer Harihara , Kazumata Ken , Sundararaman Ananthalakshmy 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE
Moyamoya angiopathy (MMA) affects the distal internal carotid artery and is designated as moyamoya disease (MMD) when predisposing conditions are absent, or moyamoya syndrome (MMS) when it occurs secondary to other causes. The authors aimed to investigate the reason for this anatomical site predilection of MMA. There is compelling evidence to suggest that MMA is a phenomenon that occurs due to stereotyped mechanobiological processes. Literature regarding MMD and MMS was systematically reviewed to decipher a common pattern relating to the development of MMA.

METHODS
A systematic review was conducted to understand the pathogenesis of MMA in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed MEDLINE and Scopus were searched using “moyamoya” and “pathogenesis” as common keywords and specific keywords related to six identified key factors. Additionally, a literature search was performed for MMS using “moyamoya” and “pathogenesis” combined with reported associations. A progressive search of the literature was also performed using the keywords “matrix metalloprotease,” “tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloprotease,” “endothelial cell,” “smooth muscle cell,” “cytokines,” “endothelin,” and “transforming growth factor” to infer the missing links in molecular pathogenesis of MMA. Studies conforming to the inclusion criteria were reviewed.

RESULTS
The literature search yielded 44 published articles on MMD by using keywords classified under the six key factors, namely arterial tortuosity, vascular angles, wall shear stress, molecular factors, blood rheology/viscosity, and blood vessel wall strength, and 477 published articles on MMS associations. Information obtained from 51 articles that matched the inclusion criteria and additional information derived from the progressive search mentioned above were used to connect the key factors to derive a network pattern of pathogenesis.

CONCLUSIONS
Based on the available literature, the authors have proposed a unifying theory for the pathogenesis of MMA. The moyamoya phenomenon appears to be the culmination of an interplay of vascular anatomy, hemodynamics, rheology, blood vessel wall strength, and a plethora of intricately linked mechanobiological molecular mediators that ultimately results in the mechanical process of occlusion of the blood vessel, stimulating angiogenesis and collateral blood supply in an attempt to perfuse the compromised brain.
Enthesitis Related Arthritis: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Demir Selcan , Kasap Cüceoğlu Müşerref , Bilginer Yelda 
Published: September 2021

Objective: Enthesitis-related arthritis is a subtype of juvenile idiopathic arthritis category, characterized by enthesitis, arthritis, and the risk of axial involvement. We aimed to summarize the demographics, clinical, and laboratory findings of enthesitis-related arthritis patients and to identify the distinguishing features of enthesitis-related arthritis patients with HLA B27 positive compared to the patients who were HLA B27 negative.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients with Enthesitis-related arthritis who followed up between 2015 and 2018. Demographical, clinical, and laboratory data were retrospectively reviewed from the patient files and computerized medical charts.
Results: A total of 72 patients diagnosed with enthesitis-related arthritis were included in the study. The male/female ratio was 2.1/1. Fifty-three (73%) of them presented with peripheral arthritis. The most commonly affected joint was knee (81.1%), followed by the ankle (43%), hips (32%), and wrist (5%). HLA B27 was positive in 36 (50%) patients. During follow-up, the number of patients who developed enthesitis-related arthritis -associated uveitis was 8 (11.1%). During follow-up, 56 patients with inflammatory back pain and/or sacroiliac tenderness underwent spinal MRI. Ten (17.8%) patients had only thoracal and/or lumbar involvement, 18 (32%) had only sacroiliitis, and 9 (16%) patients had both of them on spinal MRI. In comparison with HLA-B27-negative children, HLA-B27-positive patients were more likely to have enthesitis (16 (44.4%) vs 8 (22.2%), p=0.046), MRI proven sacroiliitis (19 (52.7%) vs 8 (22.2%), p=0.031), MRI proven spinal involvement (13 (36.1%) vs 6 (16.6%), p=0.031), and uveitis (8 (100%) vs 0(0%), p=0.014). During follow up, 65/72 (90.2 %) of them needed disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD), and 51/72 (70.8%) needed anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) therapy.
Conclusion: We found that patients who were HLA-B27- positive had significantly more enthesitis, MRI-proven sacroiliitis, MRI-proven spinal involvement, and acute anterior uveitis, in comparison to patients who were HLA B27 negative. It is crucial to carefully assess those patients with concern for enthesitis-related arthritis to determine the expected prognosis and make therapeutic decisions appropriately.
A Review on: Digitalis Purpurea
Authors: Metkari Roshani , Markad Ashwini , Bhong Poonam , Yadav Mohini , Kolhe Omkar 
Published: September 2021

Digitalis contain cardiac glycosides and used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. Digitalis drug obtain from Digitalis Purpurea L. belongs to family scrophulariaceae. 200 years ago William Withering discover the use of digitalis in CHF treatment in 1785.In 18th century a controversy has existed about the benefits and risks of digitalis in patients with heart problems. Active component of digitalis classified as cardiac glycosides and cardiotonic steroids. The term "digitalis" or "cardiac glycosides" are used to refer to any of steroids or steroid glycosides compound which exert characteristic positively inotropic and electrophysiological effect on heart. In 20th century digitalis and its derivatives specially, digoxin is used in treatment of CHF. Cardiac glycosides are used in therapy of CHF since William Withering identify their uses. Digitalis purpurea is not only use in treatment of CHF also has wound healing, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. In 1990 most prescribed drug is digoxin. It shows intermediate duration of action. Digoxin is use for its rate control in atrial fibrillation in the presence of marginal blood pressure. The introduction of diuretic provide an alternative more effective and safer for treatment of CHF.
Keywords: CHF., Digitalis Purpurea L
Public Sector Banks in India : Growth of NPAs and Restructuring Aspects
Authors: Sharma Parmod K , Dhiman Dr. Babli 
Published: September 2021

The recent restructuring of Public Sector Banks (PSBs) has generated immense interest in the economic world and the various stakeholders which include investors, depositors, borrowers, the staff working in these banks and the top management of the merging entities. Whereas the depositors look for safety of their monies, the borrowers of merging entities look for new loan products at cheaper rates and faster delivery. The investors will look for resumption of dividend payouts at higher rates and capital appreciation of their investments and the staff looks for better working conditions. The top management will expect more freedom to operate and manage their respective banks more efficiently to grow and earn higher profits. The merger of strong banks was recommended by the first Narasimham Committee in 1991. It has taken almost 28 long years for the Government of India to act on this very critical suggestion of the committee. It is widely believed that this belated step has been initiated due to huge pile of Non Performing Assets (NPAs) with Public Sector Banks and the resultant need for their frequent recapitalization. It is a moral hazard and bad economics for any government to regularly recapitalise PSBs being the major stake holder and having total administrative control of their boards and the top management. To enable PSBs meet the regulatory capital as per international norms and the provisioning requirements enforced by Reserve Bank of India, use of tax payer’s money (collected for economic development of the country) is questionable. However it is made clear by the government that the merger is intended to make PSBs bigger and internationally competitive and to build up their capacity to access capital markets for raising resources. A perspective of growth of NPAs and the resultant impact on the financial deterioration of PSBs over a time horizon can give answers to the need for restructuring of Public Sector Banks as repeat of such actions by the government may again be necessitated in future. The improvement in financial performance parameters of PSBs over next few years will answer if act of restructuring by the Government of India results in internationally strong ‘too big to fail banks’ .
ANALISIS POSTUR KERJA DAN BEBAN KERJA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NORDIC BODY MAP DAN NASA-TLX PADA KARYAWAN UKM UCONG TAYLOR BANDUNG
Authors: Azwar Ade Geovania 
Published: September 2021

Ucong Taylor adalah UKM yang bergerak dalam bidang jasa, tepatnya industri fashion. Industri fashion merupakan industri yang sangat dinamis, dan cepat sekali perubahannya. Ucong taylor kini memiliki 5 orang karyawan. Pada setiap lini kegiatan dan aktivitas yang dilakukan pekerja di Ucong Taylor menggunakan tenaga Manusia dan Mesin. Dengan demikian, pekerja rentan terdampak gangguan atau bahkan cedera. Cedera tersebut dapat terjadi karena adanya keaslahan dalam postur kerja ataupun sikap kerja sebagaimana seharusnya. Postur kerja yang kurang baik dapat menyebakan kelelahan. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah Mengetahui postur kerja karyawan dengan menggunakan metode Nordic Body Map dan NASA-TLX pada karyawan UKM Ucong Taylor Bandung. Hasil Penelitian dengan NASA TLX menemukan bahwa karyawan merasakan beban kerja paling tinggi pada Mental Demand dan Frustation Level. Secara merata, kondisi pengukuran dengan NBM mendapatkan pada sesudah bekerja meningkat dibandingkan sebelum bekerja dengan yang tertinggi adalah Punggung, pinggang dan pantat. Dilakukan uji korelasi untuk melihat korelasi hubungan antara Masa Kerja dengan Hasil Keluhan dalam NBM dengan hasil 0,89, yang berarti bahwa masa kerja memiliki korelasi sangat kuat terhadap keluhan MSDs.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, KOMITMEN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Siswadi Yudi , Saepudin Didin , Mulyani Sri Rochani 
Published: September 2021

Persaingan yang semakin ketat perusahaan perbankan dan terbatasnya sumber daya manusia yang profesional dalam meningkatkan sumber daya manusia terutama dibidang budaya organisasi dan komitmen dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan khususnya di bank bjb kantor wilayah I Bandung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriftip dan verifikatif, hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan alat analisis SEM (Struktural Equestion Model) hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa budaya organisasi memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap komitmen, budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan, dan komitmen memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap budaya organisasi dan komitmen berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan. Budaya organisasi di bank bjb didominasi oleh sikap profesionalisme petugas yang bekerja di bank bjb, komitmen didominasi oleh coustumer service yang saling membantu di saat jam-jam sibuk, sedangkan kinerja karyawan terlihat dengan adanya peningkatan dana pihak ketiga yang dapat memberikan profit bagi kesejahteraan bank bjb dan kinerja karyawan diapresiasi oleh bank bjb dengan memberikan penghargaan kepada karyawan berupa bonus penghasilan lebih.
Body Mass Index Status of First Year Medical Students
Authors: Rahman Md Azizur , Begum Jebunnessa , Wahab Md Abdu 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Body mass index (BMI) is an important tool for indirect measure of nutritional status of an individual. Overweight and obesity are recognized as “escalating epidemics” affecting both developed and developing countries. An obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) individual is more likely to get hypertension, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, gall bladder disease and various types of cancer.
Aim: To assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity among students of Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC) and factors associated with obesity.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Department of Anatomy among 101 students ‘AFMC Medical cadets’ category from November 2019 to January 2020. Data were collected using pretested questionnaire after taking verbal consent from the participants and administrative authority. The height and weight of the cadets were measured and the BMI was calculated.
Results: Among the 101 Medical cadets of Armed Forces Medical College, the mean ± SD height of the students was 1.6.±0.08 m, while the mean weight was 63.6±12.1 kg and the mean BMI 24.0±4.3 kg/m2. Normal BMI was observed in 65.6% students, while 24.2% students were overweight, 10.1% obese and only 2.2% underweight. Overweight and obesity were significantly more in male than female students.
Conclusion: The present study gives an idea about the alarming prevalence of overweight and obesity among the ‘AFMC Medical Cadets’ category. There is a need to create awareness and interest regarding healthy diet and body weight management among this future physician population. Nutritional education on dietary practices and life style change should be built in as supporting educational activity during each calendar year.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 1 (June) 2020: 16-18
PhP.B Enhanced Adeno-Associated Virus Mediated-Expression Following Systemic Delivery or Direct Brain Administration
Authors: Pietersz Kimberly L. , Plessis Francois Du , Pouw Stephan M. , Liefhebber Jolanda M. , van Deventer Sander J. , Martens Gerard J. M. , Konstantinova Pavlina S. , Blits Bas 
Published: September 2021

Graphical AbstractComparison of AAV5 vs. AAV9-PhP.B delivered intravenous or intrastriatal. Irrespective of the two delivery methods, similar transduction in the cortex and striatum is achieved with AAV9-PhP.B. In contrast, AAV5—when injected directly into the striatum—obtains high transduction levels in the cortex and striatum.
Atypical Antipsychotic Lumateperone Effects on the Adrenal Gland With Possible Beneficial Effect of Quercetin Co-administration
Authors: El-Haroun Hala , Ewida Suzy Fayez , Mohamed Wael M. Y. , Bashandy Manar Ali 
Published: September 2021

Schizophrenia remains one of the most chronic and highly disabling mental disorders. Lumateperone is a recent FDA-approved atypical antipsychotic drug for the treatment of schizophrenia. However, the internal FDA pathologist raised concerns regarding pigment deposition associated with degeneration in different tissue in animal studies with lumateperone treatment. The adrenal gland may be implicated in lumateperone side effects, and quercetin may have the ability to fulfill this treatment gap. To prove this hypothesis, 40 male guinea pigs were used and divided into four groups; control, quercetin-treated, lumateperone-treated, and quercetin/lumateperone cotreated orally for 28 consecutive days. Behavioral forced swim (FST) and open field (OF) tests were done at the end of treatment. Retro-orbital blood samples were taken to assess hormones: adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone acetate (DHEA), and aldosterone, along with an assessment of oxidative stress parameters: malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Adrenal glands were extracted for histopathological assessment with H&amp;E, Mallory trichome staining, immunostaining, and electron microscopy studies. Lumateperone-treated group showed a significant reduction in the activity in FST and OF with histopathological deterioration in adrenal secretory function and structure and increased expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), CASPASE-3, collagen deposition, and decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Cytoplasmic vacuolation, pyknosis of the nuclei, increase in the lysosome, lipofuscin pigment, and cellular infiltration with diminishing in the number of secretory granules could all be observed in lumateperone-treated group. Coadministration of quercetin and lumateperone showed improvement of the previously deteriorated parameters. Quercetin had a prophylactic effect against lumateperone depressive-like effect on animal behavior and its possible adrenal damage.Graphical AbstractConceptual framework for the proposed mechanism of action of coadministration of quercetin and lumateperone.
Mental Health and Wellbeing of 9–12-year-old Children in Northern Canada Before the COVID-19 Pandemic and After the First Lockdown
Authors: Dabravolskaj Julia , Khan Mohammed K. A. , Veugelers Paul J. , Maximova Katerina 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Children’s mental health and wellbeing declined during the first COVID-19 lockdown (Spring 2020), particularly among those from disadvantaged settings. We compared mental health and wellbeing of school-aged children observed pre-pandemic in 2018 and after the first lockdown was lifted and schools reopened in Fall 2020.Methods: In 2018, we surveyed 476 grade 4–6 students (9–12 years old) from 11 schools in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities in Northern Canada that participate in a school-based health promotion program targeting healthy lifestyle behaviours and mental wellbeing. In November-December 2020, we surveyed 467 grade 4–6 students in the same schools. The 12 questions in the mental health and wellbeing domain were grouped based on correlation and examined using multivariable logistic regression.Results: There were no notable changes pre-pandemic vs. post-lockdown in responses to each of the 12 questions or any of the sub-groupings.Conclusion: Supporting schools to implement health promotion programs may help mitigate the impact of the pandemic on children’s mental health and wellbeing. The findings align with recent calls for schools to remain open as long as possible during the pandemic response.
O lugar da cultura negra, afro-brasileira e indígena nas aulas de Educação Física
Authors: Maldonado Daniel Teixeira , Neira Marcos Garcia 
Published: September 2021

OBJETIVO: Analisar como professores e professoras de Educação Física em atuação na Educação Básica abordam os conhecimentos da cultura negra, afro-brasileira e indígena. MÉTODOS: Do ponto de vista metodológico, procedeu-se a pesquisa bibliográfica em periódicos científicos da Educação Física e da Educação e em capítulos de livros, entre os anos de 2009 e 2019, por conta da disseminação de experiência pedagógicas publicadas na literatura da área. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 34 relatos publicados entre os anos 2009 e 2019, em cinco periódicos científicos indexados no Qualis da Educação Física ou da Educação, que possuem no seu escopo a intencionalidade de disseminar experiências pedagógicas, além de 16 livros que apresentam capítulos relacionados com o cotidiano do componente curricular. A interpretação dos dados foi realizada por meio da análise cultural Muitos docentes de Educação Física desenvolveram projetos educativos tematizando práticas corporais da cultura negra, afro-brasileira e indígena e problematizando os aspectos sociais, históricos, políticos e econômicos que atravessam essas manifestações da cultura corporal. CONCLUSÃO: É possível observar experiências político-pedagógicas em uma perspectiva antirracista na Educação Física.
La pedagogía como saber prefesional en la formación de docentes
Authors: Gómez Esteban Jairo 
Published: September 2021

El propósito de este artículo es presentar las diversas perspectivas y concepciones de la pedagogía y sus implicaciones en el proceso de formación de docentes. Básicamente se explica la pedagogía desde las ciencias de la educación, como saber profesional y como método de enseñanza. Se finaliza con una propuesta de lineamientos pedagógicos tanto para la formación de docentes como de docentes en ejercicio.
Por una nueva institución educativa
Authors: Cortés Salcedo Ruth Amanda 
Published: September 2021

El presente ensayo presenta una reflexión en torno al concepto de política pública educativa desde varias ópticas. Primera, desde el punto de vista conceptual asumiendo una definición de política pública que permita transitar por el concepto de la educación en sí misma. En segundo lugar, elabora un análisis de la política educativa centrada en el tema de la calidad y en el significado de la evaluación en ese contexto; por último, aborda el análisis a partir de la caracterización del surgimiento de una nueva institucionalidad educativa
Implementasi Personal Selling Pada Wardah Kosmetik
Authors: Dina Hani Maulida Rangga , Fadillah Adil , Purnama Denta 
Published: September 2021

Personal Selling atau Penjualan Personal adalah hubungan interpersonal dimana berbagai upaya dikerahkan untuk mendidik pelanggan dan mendorong pemilihan merek atau produk tertentu.
Pemjualan Personal juga dapat diartikan sebagai komunikasi langsung atau tatap muka antara penjual dengan calon pelanggan untuk memperkenalkan suatu produk kepada calon pelanggan dan membentuk pemahaman pelanggan terhadap produk sehingga kemudian mereka akan mecoba dan membelinya.
Hal ini tentunya tenaga penjual merupakan ujung tombak bagi perusahaan, karena di tangan penjuallah terletak kunci keberhasilan atau tidaknya dari komunikasi pemasaran penjualan langsung tersebut, maka dari itu penulis tertarik untuk meninjau personal Selling pada Wardah Kosmetik yang dilakukan oleh Beauty Advisor selaku tenaga penjual.
Penerapan Physical Evidence Pada Sahira Butik Hotel Paledang
Authors: Manurung Miftahul Zannah , Sulistiono Sulistiono , Kusumayanti Diah 
Published: September 2021

Dalam dunia bisnis, apabila suatu perusahaan tidak dapat menyusun strategi bisnis dan strategi pemasaran yang tepat maka akan mengalami kekalahan dalam bersaing dengan kompetitor lain. Untuk mencapai strategi pemasaran yang tepat dan terbaik untuk diterapkan oleh hotel dalam aktivitasnya dibidang jasa yaitu salah satunya sarana atau bukti fisik lingkungan (physical evidence). Physical evidence (sarana atau bukti fisik lingkungan) sangat penting untuk posisi dan memperkuat image.
Tujuan dari penulisan Tugas Akhir ini adalah 1) Untuk mengetahui apa saja bentuk physical evidence yang dimiliki pada Sahira Butik Hotel Paledang, 2) Untuk mengetahui strategi apa saja yang diterapkan dalam membangun physical evidence pada Sahira Butik Hotel Paledang, 3) Untuk mengetahui apa saja hambatan-hambatan dalam pengembangan physical evidence pada Sahira Butik Hotel Paledang.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Physical Evidence yang diterapkan pada Sahira Butik Hotel Paledang terdiri dari tiga faktor antara lain hiburan (entertainment), respon dan emosional (atmosphere), desain gedung dan interior (style and layout), 2) Strategi yang diterapkan Sahira Butik Hotel Paledang dalam mengembangkan physical evidence yang ada melakukan perawatan terhadap physical evidence yang ada, memanfaatkan fasilitas yang ada, dan memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik, 3) Hambatan yang dialami Sahira Butik Hotel Paledang dalam mengembangkan physical evidence yaitu upaya pemeliharaan fasilitas yang membutuhkan dana yang cukup besar, perilaku SDM, dan penggunaan jaringan WiFi yang melebihi batas pemakaian dan faktor cuaca.

Keyword : bauran pemasaran jasa, physical evidence, unsur-unsur physical evidence