bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of acetylsalicylic acid on pain and recurrence of endometriosis after surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Moini Ashraf , Azizlou Zahra , Hosseini Reihaneh , Hosseini Ladan 
Published: October 2021

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) might increase growth and adhesion of endometrial cells in the peritoneal cavity, and lead to endometriosis. In this study the we evaluate the effect of an antioxidant, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), to determine whether aspirin administration to patients with endometriosis would affect pelvic pain and disease recurrence. Material and methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted from March 2018 to March 2020 on women, 19 to 40 years of age, who were diagnosed with endometriosis after undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Study participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups, Oral contraceptive pills (OCP) and placebo or OCP and aspirin, which were administered daily for 6 months. Pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, mass size, and menstrual bleeding were evaluated at 3 and 6 months. Results: There were 38 patients in the aspirin group and 49 participants in the placebo group. The mean dysmenorrhea Visual analog scale (VAS) score after 3 months was 2.24 in the aspirin group and 3.61 in the placebo group. After 6 months, the dysmenorrhea VAS scores were 0.68 (aspirin group) and 2.69 (placebo group) ( p = 0.005 and p = 0.00, respectively). Dyspareunia and pelvic pain showed significant reductions ( p = 0.00). Six patients in the control group and four patients in the aspirin group experienced lesion recurrence ( p = 0.45). Conclusion: The results suggest that aspirin, as an antioxidant, could effectively reduce pain in women with endometriosis. However, additional studies that enroll larger numbers of participants and long-term follow up will enable better evaluation of recurrence.
New insights on the Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian–Barremian) Urgonian lithostratigraphic units in the Jura Mountains (France and Switzerland): the Gorges de l’Orbe and the Rocher des Hirondelles formations
Authors: Pictet Antoine 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Hauterivian–Barremian series of the Jura Mountains were measured over more than 60 sections along a 200 km long transect between Aix-les-Bains (Savoie Department, France) and Bienne (Bern Canton, Switzerland), which prompted the need for a revision and improvement of the current lithostratigraphic scheme for this stratigraphic interval. A new formation, the Rocher des Hirondelles Formation, is proposed in replacement of the unsuitable Vallorbe Formation, while the Gorges de l'Orbe Formation is formally described. The Gorges de l'Orbe Formation, equivalent to the well-known “Urgonien jaune” facies, consists of two members, namely Montcherand Member and Bôle Member. The Rocher des Hirondelles Formation, equivalent to the “Urgonien blanc” facies, consists of three members, i.e. Fort de l'Écluse Member, Rivière Member and Vallorbe Member. The marly Rivière and Bôle members appear to present time-equivalent lithostratigraphic units, recording a major sedimentological event affecting contemporarily both formations. This study proposes a new sedimentary model opening a new point of view on the long-living controversies about the age of the Urgonian series from the Jura Mountains. The data point to strong diachronic ages of lithostratigraphic units with a late Hauterivian to early Barremian occurrence of the “Urgonian blanc” facies in the Meridional Jura area versus a latest Barremian age in the Central Jura area, reflecting a general progradation of the Urgonian shallow-water carbonate platform from the present-day Meridional Jura area toward external deeper-water shelf environments of the present-day Central Jura area and Molasse basin.
Identification of disease- and headache-specific mediators and pathways in migraine using blood transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis
Authors: Aczél Timea , Körtési Tamás , Kun József , Urbán Péter , Bauer Witold , Herczeg Róbert , Farkas Róbert , Kovács Krisztián , Vásárhelyi Barna , Karvaly Gellért B. , Gyenesei Attila , Tuka Bernadett , Tajti János , Vécsei László , Bölcskei Kata , Helyes Zsuzsanna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent data suggest that gene expression profiles of peripheral white blood cells can reflect changes in the brain. We aimed to analyze the transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and changes of plasma metabolite levels of migraineurs in a self-controlled manner during and between attacks.MethodsTwenty-four patients with migraine were recruited and blood samples were collected in a headache-free (interictal) period and during headache (ictal) to investigate disease- and headache-specific alterations. Control samples were collected from 13 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. RNA was isolated from PBMCs and single-end 75 bp RNA sequencing was performed using Illumina NextSeq 550 instrument followed by gene-level differential expression analysis. Functional analysis was carried out on information related to the role of genes, such as signaling pathways and biological processes. Plasma metabolomic measurement was performed with the Biocrates MxP Quant 500 Kit.ResultsWe identified 144 differentially-expressed genes in PBMCs between headache and headache-free samples and 163 between symptom-free patients and controls. Network analysis revealed that enriched pathways included inflammation, cytokine activity and mitochondrial dysfunction in both headache and headache-free samples compared to controls. Plasma lactate, succinate and methionine sulfoxide levels were higher in migraineurs while spermine, spermidine and aconitate were decreased during attacks.ConclusionsIt is concluded that enhanced inflammatory and immune cell activity, and oxidative stress can play a role in migraine susceptibility and headache generation.
Intracranial pressure directly predicts headache morbidity in idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Mollan S. P. , Wakerley B. R. , Alimajstorovic Z. , Mitchell J. , Ottridge R. , Yiangou A. , Thaller M. , Gupta A. , Grech O. , Lavery G. , Brock K. , Sinclair A. J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective
Headache is the predominant disabler in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). The aim was to characterise headache and investigate the association with intracranial pressure.

Methods
IIH:WT was a randomised controlled parallel group multicentre trial in the United Kingdom investigating weight management methods in IIH. Participants with active IIH (evidenced by papilloedema) and a body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2 were recruited. At baseline, 12 months and 24 months headache characteristics and quality of life outcome measures were collected and lumbar puncture measurements were performed.

Results
Sixty-six women with active IIH were included with a mean age of 32.0 years (SD ± 7.8), and mean body mass index of 43.9 ± 7.0 kg/m2. The headache phenotype was migraine-like in 90%. Headache severity correlated with ICP at baseline (r = 0.285; p = 0.024); change in headache severity and monthly headache days correlated with change in ICP at 12 months (r = 0.454, p = 0.001 and r = 0.419, p = 0.002 respectively). Cutaneous allodynia was significantly correlated with ICP at 12 months. (r = 0.479, p < 0.001). Boot strap analysis noted a positive association between ICP at 12 and 24 months and enabled prediction of both change in headache severity and monthly headache days. ICP was associated with significant improvements in quality of life (SF-36).

Conclusions
We demonstrate a positive relationship between ICP and headache and cutaneous allodynia, which has not been previously reported in IIH. Those with the greatest reduction in ICP over 12 months had the greatest reduction in headache frequency and severity; this was associated with improvement of quality of life measures.

Trial registration
This work provides Class IIa evidence of the association of raised intracranial pressure and headache. ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02124486.
Prenatal oestrogen-testosterone balance as a risk factor of migraine in adults
Authors: Kobus Magdalena , Sitek Aneta , Antoszewski Bogusław , Rożniecki Jacek , Pełka Jacek , Żądzińska Elżbieta 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Migraine is a common neurological disease with extremely debilitating, but fully reversible symptoms. Women suffer from migraine more often than men. It was assumed that fluctuation of oestrogen level during menstrual cycle is one of many factors responsible for more frequent migraine attacks. The second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is considered as an indicator of prenatal sex steroids. Balance of prenatal androgens (testosterone) and oestrogen has been studied in numerous diseases that are affected by hormones. However, the relationship between migraine and the sex steroids balance in prenatal development is still unexplained.
The aim of this paper is to provide an evidence of relationship between prenatal oestrogen and testosterone exposure following 2D:4D digit ratio, and migraine prevalence in adults.

Methods
We examined a group of 151 adults (33 males, 118 females) with migraine and a control group of 111 adults (45 males, 66 females). 2D:4D digit ratio of both hands was measured using sliding Vernier calliper.

Results
Significant differences were found in the right hand. Female migraineurs had lower value of 2D:4D ratio than the control group and the right 2D:4D was lower than left 2D:4D (Δ2D:4D), suggesting prenatal testosterone dominance. The opposite relationship was observed in males. Male migraineurs had higher value of 2D:4D ratio and Δ2D:4D was greater than the control group, suggesting prenatal oestrogen dominance.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that depending on sex, different proportion of prenatal sex steroids might be a risk factor of migraine in adults. Women with migraine were presumably exposed in prenatal life to higher testosterone levels relative to oestrogen, while men with migraine were probably exposed in prenatal life to higher levels of oestrogen relative to testosterone.
Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in chronic migraine with medication overuse: real-life effectiveness and predictors of response at 6 months
Authors: Caronna Edoardo , Gallardo Victor José , Alpuente Alicia , Torres-Ferrus Marta , Pozo-Rosich Patricia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
In daily practice, anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) may be useful in chronic migraine (CM) with medication overuse (MO), but data is limited. We evaluated their effectiveness in a real-life clinical cohort.

Methods
This is a prospective study conducted in CM patients with and without medication overuse treated with monthly MAbs during 6 months (erenumab/galcanezumab). We collected headache characteristics, including acute medication intake, through an electronic diary. We compared patients (1) with and without MO at baseline, (2) with and without ongoing MO after treatment, defining MO resolution as < 10 or 15 days/month of acute medication intake, according to analgesic type, during the 6-month treatment.

Results
Of 139 CM patients completing 6-month treatment with anti-CGRP MAbs, 71.2% (99/139) had MO at baseline. After 6 months, patients with and without MO at baseline had significant and similar proportions of ≥50% reduction in migraine days/month (MO: 63.6% vs. non-MO: 57.5%, p = 0.500). 60.6% (60/99) no longer satisfied MO definition. Reduction in headache frequency compared to baseline occurred in both MO-ongoing and MO-resolution group, although those who stopped overusing had a greater improvement (headache days/month: − 13.4 ± 7.6 vs. -7.8 ± 7.2, p < 0.0001). No differences in MO resolution were observed according to the MAbs used. Baseline lower pain severity was associated with MO resolution (OR [95%]:0.236[0.054–0.975]; p = 0.049).

Conclusions
In real-life anti-CGRP MAbs are as effective in CM patients with MO as in patients without it and facilitate MO cessation. Reduction in headache frequency and acute medication days/month occurs regardless of whether patients stop overusing or not.
Pesticides and pesticide-related products in ambient air in Germany
Authors: Kruse-Plaß Maren , Hofmann Frieder , Wosniok Werner , Schlechtriemen Ulrich , Kohlschütter Niels 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Tree bark measurements conducted between 2014 and 2017 in a biosphere reserve in Germany have indicated the presence of pesticides from conventional agriculture in ambient air. In the present study, we quantified pesticides and related substances in ambient air at 69 sites using passive air samplers and ventilation filter mats. It is, to our knowledge, so far the most comprehensive data set on pesticides and their related products in ambient air in Germany.

Results
Samples were collected in 2019 and analysed for over 500 substances. One hundred and nine (109) were detected, including 28 that are not approved for use in Germany. In each sampling site, we identified one to 36 substances, including locations such as national parks and forests. Here, the presence of pesticides is not expected, e.g., on the highest mountain top in the national park “Harz” (13 substances) and in the "Bavarian Forest" (six substances). Glyphosate was recorded in every sample. More than half of passive air samplers contained chlorothalonil, metolachlor, pendimethalin, terbuthylazine, prothioconazole-desthio, dimethenamid, prosulfocarb, flufenacet, tebuconazole, aclonifen, chlorflurenol, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH). Filter mats also contained boscalid. The statistical analysis showed that landscape classification and agricultural intensity were the primary factors influencing the number of substances detected in ambient air. Location, such as protected areas or regions of organic farming, had only a small effect on the number of substances recorded. Medium- and long-range transport likely accounts for these findings. Extending the current sampling method will probably detect more pesticides than the data currently suggest.

Conclusions
Airborne pesticide mixtures are ubiquitous in Germany, which is particularly concerning for glyphosate, pendimethalin, and prosulfocarb. Deposition of these pesticides on organic products may disqualify them from the market, resulting in economic losses to farmers. Air concentrations of pesticides are a relevant issue and must be reduced.
Money also is sunny in a retiree’s world: financial incentives and work after retirement
Authors: Lorenz Svenja , Zwick Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper assesses the impact of financial incentives on working after retirement. The empirical analysis is based on a large administrative individual career data set that includes information about 2% of all German employees subject to social security or in marginal employment until age 67 and their employers in the period 1975–2014. We use the classical labor supply model and differentiate between the impact of (potential) labor and non-labor (pension entitlements) income. A Heckman-type two step selection model corrects for endogeneity. We show that labor income has a positive and non-labor income a negative impact on the decision to work after retirement. Especially individuals who can substantially increase their earnings in comparison to their pension entitlements accordingly have a higher probability to work. Men are more attracted by labor earnings incentives than women. Also individuals who work until retirement are easier attracted to work after retirement by higher labor income than those with gaps between employment exit and retirement. Our results allow the calculation of the impact of changes in taxes on labor and non-labor income and changes in earnings offers by employers on work after retirement for different demographic groups.
Genome-wide dynamic network analysis reveals the potential genes for MeJA-induced growth-to-defense transition
Authors: Wang Tengfei , Zhang Xiujun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), which has been identified as a lipid-derived stress hormone, mediates plant resistance to biotic/abiotic stress. Understanding MeJA-induced plant defense provides insight into how they responding to environmental stimuli.

Result
In this work, the dynamic network analysis method was used to quantitatively identify the tipping point of growth-to-defense transition and detect the associated genes. As a result, 146 genes were detected as dynamic network biomarker (DNB) members and the critical defense transition was identified based on dense time-series RNA-seq data of MeJA-treated Arabidopsis thaliana. The GO functional analysis showed that these DNB genes were significantly enriched in defense terms. The network analysis between DNB genes and differentially expressed genes showed that the hub genes including SYP121, SYP122, WRKY33 and MPK11 play a vital role in plant growth-to-defense transition.

Conclusions
Based on the dynamic network analysis of MeJA-induced plant resistance, we provide an important guideline for understanding the growth-to-defense transition of plants’ response to environment stimuli. This study also provides a database with the key genes of plant defense induced by MeJA.
Photosynthetic contribution and characteristics of cucumber stems and petioles
Authors: Sun Weike , Ma Ning , Huang Hongyu , Wei Jingwei , Ma Si , Liu Huan , Zhang Shi , Zhang Zhenxian , Sui Xiaolei , Li Xin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Photosynthesis in the green leafless blade tissues or organs of plants has been studied in some plants, but the photosynthetic characteristics of stems and petioles are poorly understood. Cucurbitaceous plants are climbing plants that have substantial stem and petiole biomass. Understanding the photosynthetic contribution of cucumber stems and petioles to their growth and the underlying molecular mechanisms are important for the regulating of growth in cucumber production.

Results
In this study, the photosynthetic capacity of cucumber stems and petioles were determined by 14CO2 uptake. The total carbon fixed by the stems and petioles was approximately 4% of that fixed by one leaf blade in the cucumber seedling stage, while the proportion of the carbon accumulated in the stems and petioles that redistributed to sink organs (roots and shoot apexes) obviously increased under leafless conditions. The photosynthetic properties of cucumber stems and petioles were studied using a combination of electron microscopy and isotope tracers to compare these properties of stems and petioles with those of leaf blade using two genotypes of cucumber (dark green and light green). Compared with those of the leaf blades, the chlorophyll contents of the cucumber stems and petioles were lower, and the stems and petioles had lower chloroplast numbers and lower stoma numbers but higher thylakoid grana lamella numbers and larger stoma sizes. The Chl a/b ratios were also decreased in the petioles and stems compared with those in the leaf blades. The total photosynthetic rates of the stems and petioles were equivalent to 6 ~ 8% of that of one leaf blade, but the respiration rates were similar in all the three organs, with an almost net 0 photosynthetic rate in the stems and petioles. Transcriptome analysis showed that compared with the leaf blades, the stems and petioles has significantly different gene expression levels in photosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism; photosynthetic antenna proteins; and carbon fixation. PEPC enzyme activities were higher in the stems and petioles than in the leaf blades, suggesting that the photosynthetic and respiratory mechanisms in stems and petioles are different from those in leaf blade, and these results are consistent with the gene expression data.

Conclusions
In this study, we confirmed the photosynthetic contribution to the growth of cucumber stems and petioles, and showed their similar photosynthetic patterns in the terms of anatomy, molecular biology and physiology, which were different from those of cucumber leaf blades.
Volatile anesthetics maintain tidal volume and minute ventilation to a greater degree than propofol under spontaneous respiration
Authors: Hao Xuechao , Ou Mengchan , Li Yu , Zhou Cheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Although general anesthetics depress spontaneous respiration, the comprehensive effect of general anesthetics on respiratory function remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of general anesthetics on spontaneous respiration in non-intubated mice with different types and doses of general anesthetic.

Methods
Adult C57BL/6 J mice were administered intravenous anesthetics, including propofol and etomidate, and inhalational anesthetics, including sevoflurane and isoflurane in vivo at doses of 0.5-, 1.0-, and 2.0-times the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC)/median effective dose (ED50) to induce loss of the righting reflex (LORR). Whole-body plethysmography (WBP) was applied to measure parameters of respiration under unrestricted conditions without endotracheal intubation. The alteration in respiratory sensitivity to carbon dioxide (CO2) under general anesthesia was also determined. The following respiratory parameters were continuously recorded during anesthesia or CO2 exposure: respiratory frequency (FR), tidal volume (TV), minute ventilation (MV), expiratory time (TE), inspiratory time (TI), and inspiratory–expiratory time ratio (I/E), and peak inspiratory flow.

Results
Sub-anesthetic concentrations (0.5 MAC) of sevoflurane or isoflurane increased FR, TV, and MV. With isoflurane and sevoflurane exposure, the CO2-evoked increases in FR, TV, and MV were decreased. Compared with inhalational anesthetics, propofol and etomidate induced respiratory suppression, affecting FR, TV, and MV. In 100% oxygen (O2), FR in the group that received propofol 1.0-times the ED50 was 69.63 ± 33.44 breaths/min compared with 155.68 ± 64.42 breaths/min in the etomidate-treated group. In the same groups, FR was 88.72 ± 34.51 breaths/min and 225.10 ± 59.82 breaths/min, respectively, in 3% CO2 and 144.17 ± 63.25 breaths/min and 197.70 ± 41.93 breaths/min, respectively, in 5% CO2. A higher CO2 sensitivity was found in etomidate-treated mice compared with propofol-treated mice. In addition, propofol induced a greater decrease in FR, MV, and I/E ratio compared with etomidate, sevoflurane, and isoflurane at equivalent doses (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions
General anesthetics differentially modulate spontaneous breathing in vivo. Volatile anesthetics increase FR, TV, and MV at sub-anesthetic concentrations, while they decrease FR at higher concentrations. Propofol consistently depressed respiratory parameters to a greater degree than etomidate.