bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In the physical to digital transition with friends—A story of performing inclusive research together no matter what life throws at you
Authors: Cook Lilly , Rothstein Pedro , Emeh Lizzie , Frumiento Pino , Kennedy Donald , McNicholas David , Orjiekwe Ifeoma , Overton Michaela , Snead Mark , Steward Robyn , Sutton Jenny M. , Bradshaw Melissa , Jeffreys Evie , Charteris Sue , Ewans Sarah , Williams Mark , Grierson Mick , Chapko Dorota 
Published: August 2021

Accessible summary

We are members of an arts organisation who support the creative talents of people with learning disabilities and autistic people.

We have been working on a research project at “The Hub” at Wellcome Collection in a team consisting of academic and nonacademic professionals with diverse abilities.

Because of coronavirus, we all had to stay home to stay safe. To carry on with our research project, we participated in 28 creative research meetings on Zoom.

In this paper and accompanying video, we will tell you how we did it. We will also tell you how we felt about moving away from “The Hub” and trying to do research remotely from home.

We hope our project has shown that people with learning disabilities can transition well to working online when there is trust and mutual respect.

AbstractBackgroundAs part of “The Hub” project at Wellcome Collection, a team of eight co‐researchers with learning disabilities along academics created an online survey to challenge public understanding of learning disabilities. Using creative and arts‐based methods, co‐researchers remotely co‐analysed the survey results amid COVID‐19 lockdown challenges. Here, we explore our unexpected “transition” journey from the physical “Hub” to the digital space.MethodsWe organised 20 sessions at The Hub and used audio/video/photo recordings to capture key moments. With the lockdown, we ensured that every co‐researcher had access to and support for digital technologies. Throughout 2020, we organised 28 Zoom meetings involving all co‐researchers. In June, Lilly (a multi‐media journalist and she lives by the motto striving for equal opportunities for people with disabilities and fairness throughout) and Sue (an independent Leadership Coach and Mentor) conducted Zoom interviews with the co‐research team to reflect on our transition journey. In this creative video‐form submission accompanied by an accessible report, Lilly puts together a story of how we transitioned and felt throughout this process.FindingsWe identify that trust and the social bonds established at The Hub are the key components of our transition to the digital environment. There is the tension between longing for in‐person contact and trying to make the most out of the situation to maintain these relationships. At the heart of this is the motivation to “change the world” and strive for social justice. Having time and opportunity to improve, and co‐researchers’ steady growth in confidence are equally important.ConclusionsThe determination for maintaining friendships among co‐researchers and the motivation to “change the world” overcome COVID‐19‐related challenges in continuing co‐research.
Transcription factor POU4F2 promotes colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion through hedgehog‐mediated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Guo Kaibo , Wang Peipei , Zhang Leyin , Zhou Yiwen , Dai Xinyang , Yan Yici , Chen Yuxuan , Wasan Harpreet S. , Yu Jieru , Ruan Shanming , Sun Leitao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs a POU homeodomain transcription factor, POU4F2 has been implicated in regulating tumorigenic processes in various cancers. However, the role of POU4F2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Here, we revealed that POU4F2 functions as a tumor promotor in CRC. Bioinformatics analysis in specimens from CRC patients and expression analysis in CRC cell lines showed that POU4F2 was upregulated at the mRNA and protein levels in CRC. Depletion of POU4F2 suppressed the metastatic phenotypes of CRC cells, including cell migration, invasion, and the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Moreover, depletion of POU4F2 decreased the number of lung metastatic nodes in nude mice. Mechanistically, POU4F2 positively regulated the Hedgehog signaling pathway, as inferred from the downregulation of the expression of sonic Hedgehog homolog, patched 1, Smoothened, and GLI family zinc finger 1 in vitro and vivo following silencing of POU4F2. Furthermore, the SMO agonist SAG reversed the effects of POU4F2 knockdown in CRC. Functionally, POU4F2 contributed to the Hedgehog signaling‐regulated activation of the EMT process and promotion of CRC cell migration and invasion. Collectively, these findings elucidated the role of POU4F2 as a tumor promotor in CRC through the regulation of Hedgehog signaling‐mediated EMT and suggested that POU4F2 suppression might be a promising therapeutic target in inhibiting CRC metastasis.
Visual Analysis of Large‐Scale Protein‐Ligand Interaction Data
Authors: Schatz Karsten , Franco‐Moreno Juan José , Schäfer Marco , Rose Alexander S. , Ferrario Valerio , Pleiss Jürgen , Vázquez Pere‐Pau , Ertl Thomas , Krone Michael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhen studying protein‐ligand interactions, many different factors can influence the behaviour of the protein as well as the ligands. Molecular visualisation tools typically concentrate on the movement of single ligand molecules; however, viewing only one molecule can merely provide a hint of the overall behaviour of the system. To tackle this issue, we do not focus on the visualisation of the local actions of individual ligand molecules but on the influence of a protein and their overall movement. Since the simulations required to study these problems can have millions of time steps, our presented system decouples visualisation and data preprocessing: our preprocessing pipeline aggregates the movement of ligand molecules relative to a receptor protein. For data analysis, we present a web‐based visualisation application that combines multiple linked 2D and 3D views that display the previously calculated data The central view, a novel enhanced sequence diagram that shows the calculated values, is linked to a traditional surface visualisation of the protein. This results in an interactive visualisation that is independent of the size of the underlying data, since the memory footprint of the aggregated data for visualisation is constant and very low, even if the raw input consisted of several terabytes.
Dialectical behaviour therapy skills training for individuals with substance use disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Warner Niamh , Murphy Mike 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIssuesDialectical behaviour therapy skills training (DBT‐ST) is currently being implemented as a standalone intervention for substance use disorders (SUD), despite limited empirical evidence to support its efficacy in this context. This review aimed to investigate the feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of DBT‐ST for SUD.ApproachEnglish language journal articles which focused on quantitative evaluations of DBT‐ST for SUD were identified by systematically searching five databases; Medline, Psychinfo, Pubmed, The Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Relevant grey literature was also identified using Google Scholar. The titles, abstracts and full‐text of retrieved articles were independently screened by both authors. The nine retained articles were read in‐depth and quality assessed by both authors. Data were synthesised narratively.Key FindingsInterventions described as DBT‐ST for SUD were implemented and adapted differently across studies. Despite these inconsistencies, DBT‐ST was generally found to be acceptable and feasible for people with SUD. Findings offered preliminary support for DBT‐ST for substance use reduction and emotion regulation enhancement for this cohort. Findings must be considered in light of the quality of studies which ranged from weak to strong.ImplicationsPositive outcomes indicate that more rigorous studies, including large randomised controlled trials comparing DBT‐ST to other evidence‐based interventions for SUDs, are warranted.ConclusionsDespite offering preliminary support for DBT‐ST for SUD, the lack of controls, small samples and inconsistent adaptations of DBT‐ST across studies, limits capacity to draw causal conclusions or make specific recommendations.
Species and spatial variation in the effects of sea ice on Arctic seabird populations
Authors: Descamps Sébastien , Ramírez Francisco 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimThe Arctic is warming rapidly, and sea ice is disappearing. This is expected to have profound effects on Arctic wildlife. However, empirical evidence that this decline in sea ice is associated with a decline in Arctic wildlife populations is lacking.LocationSvalbard Archipelago.MethodsUsing long‐term time series data (1988–2018) from two fjords in West Spitsbergen (Svalbard), we tested whether or not sea ice concentration was associated with the population size of two of the most common Arctic seabirds, the Brünnich's guillemot (Uria lomvia) and black‐legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla).ResultsWe found that the size of guillemot and kittiwake colonies has declined on Svalbard from the mid‐1990s onwards, though the shapes of these trajectories were not linear and kittiwake colony size has stabilized or even increased in recent years. sea ice concentration in West Spitsbergen also declined during the study period. Independent of these long‐term trends, sea ice concentration was positively and significantly associated with seabird colony size with a 2‐year lag, though variations in sea ice explained only a small proportion of the changes in colony size. One likely mechanism linking sea ice and seabird population size involves changes in the food chain, with poor sea ice conditions in a given year leading to low food availability 2 years later. This would affect breeding probability and hence colony size for kittiwakes and guillemots. This relationship between sea ice and colony size was the same in both fjords for guillemots. In the case of kittiwakes, it was not apparent in the fjord where productive glacier fronts, intensely used by kittiwakes to forage, may have buffered the effects of changes in sea ice.Main conclusionsOur study provides evidence that the ongoing decline in Arctic sea ice plays a role in Arctic seabird population trajectories. However, sea ice disappearance on the breeding grounds was likely not the main driver of changes in seabird populations.
Effects of 1‐year treatment with canagliflozin on body composition and total body water in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Matsuba Ikuro , Takihata Masahiro , Takai Masahiko , Maeda Hajime , Kubota Akira , Iemitsu Kotaro , Umezawa Shinichi , Obana Mitsuo , Kaneshiro Mizuki , Kawata Takehiro , Takuma Tetsuo , Takeda Hiroshi , Machimura Hideo , Mokubo Atsuko , Motomiya Tetsuya , Asakura Taro , Kikuchi Taisuke , Matsuzawa Yoko , Ito Shogo , Miyakawa Masaaki , Terauchi Yasuo , Kanamori Akira 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo characterize the long‐term changes in body composition associated with sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors.Materials and MethodsIn this multicentre, single‐arm, open‐label study, 107 patients with type 2 diabetes were treated with canagliflozin 100 mg, as add‐on therapy, for 12 months. Body composition was measured with a body composition analyser (T‐SCAN PLUS) using the impedance method to prospectively analyse changes in body components, including percentage of body fat, body fat mass, total body water, muscle mass and mineral mass. Estimated plasma volume (PV) was calculated using the Kaplan formula.ResultsBody weight showed a significant decrease from 1 month to 12 months of treatment with canagliflozin, with a higher rate of decrease in body fat in body composition. A significant decrease in mineral mass was also observed, but its rate was low. Following treatment with canagliflozin, changes in total body water did not affect intracellular water, and a significant decrease in extracellular water, including plasma components, was observed early and was sustained up to 12 months. Protein mass, a component of muscle mass, was not affected, with only a slight decrease in water volume observed.ConclusionsCanagliflozin decreased extracellular fluid and PV in addition to decreasing fat in the body via calorie loss resulting from urinary glucose excretion. This study suggested that SGLT2 inhibitors might reduce body weight by regulating fat mass or water distribution in the body and might have cardiac and renal protective effects by resetting the homeostasis of fluid balance.
Semaglutide single‐dose pen‐injector: Post hoc analysis of summative usability testing for weight management
Authors: Klonoff David C. , Bassock Stephanie , Engels Ella , Frederiksen Marie , Marber Matthew , Qvist Marianne , Sparre Thomas , Snitker Søren 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSubcutaneous semaglutide, at a 2.4 mg once‐weekly maintenance dose, is approved in the United States for weight management in individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or higher, or with a BMI of 27 kg/m2 or higher and at least one obesity‐related co‐morbidity. To investigate the usability of the semaglutide pen‐injector in individuals who met these criteria, we report post hoc analysis of the summative (human factors validation) usability testing and safety analysis involving patients with type 2 diabetes (an obesity‐related co‐morbidity) with the same pen‐injector, limited to the 26 out of 30 patients with a BMI of 27 kg/m2 or higher (11 pen‐injector–naïve, 15 pen‐injector–experienced) and 15 non‐pharmacist healthcare professionals (HCPs). Participants performed two simulated injections into an injection pad. No potentially serious use errors occurred. Mean subjective ease‐of‐use rating on a seven‐point scale, where 1 = difficult and 7 = easy, was 6.9 for the second injection in all three groups. These results suggest that the semaglutide pen‐injector is easy to use and not associated with serious use errors when used by pen‐injector–naïve or pen‐injector–experienced patients meeting the requirement for weight management with semaglutide treatment, and by non‐pharmacist HCPs.
Brook trout movement, survival and spawning redd sites in a central Wisconsin headwater stream vulnerable to low streamflow
Authors: Schleppenbach Benjamin T. , Mohr Zachary P. , Raabe Joshua K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBrook trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations inhabiting groundwater‐fed, headwater streams are sensitive to biotic and abiotic changes caused by anthropogenic actions in their native range but can be very resilient in their introduced range. Brook trout have maintained a self‐sustaining population in the Little Plover River, Wisconsin, despite fish kills during extreme low flows between 2005 and 2009 caused by groundwater pumping and limited precipitation. Increased understanding of brook trout sensitivity and resilience in headwater streams can aid restoration, conservation and eradication efforts. Therefore, we evaluated their movements, survival and spawning behaviours in the Little Plover River using a PIT antenna array (July 2016–July 2019) and spawning redd surveys (2017–2018) paired with estimated groundwater inputs. Tagged individuals often exhibited localised, nocturnal movements for most of the year. However, movements increased and shifted to a diurnal pattern with decreased photoperiod and water temperature beginning during spawning and continuing throughout winter (November–February). Spawning movements primarily (90%) occurred in the upstream direction, with consistent patterns of short (rkm <0.9, 64.8.9–70.7%), moderate (rkm =0.9 – 3.5, 20.0–30.2%) and long (rkm ≥4.5, 4.5–6.2%) distance movements across the three spawning periods. Monthly survival estimates ranged from 72.1 to 98.9% throughout the study (mean =91.5%) and were consistently lowest during winter and spring. Redd surveys indicated spawning peaked in mid‐November and redds were more concentrated in upstream reaches and in areas with higher estimated groundwater inflows in 2017 but not in 2018 when surface flows were higher. Our results increase understanding of brook trout daily and seasonal movements, monthly and seasonal survival, and spawning behaviours including relative to groundwater and surface flows in headwater streams, further informing management, conservation, and eradication efforts.
Rereading Kant on immortality and the highest good
Authors: Morgan Michael R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractKant's argument for belief in the immortality of the soul appears tenuous. The standard interpretation suggests that immortality is necessary because agents need an endless time in order to become holy (i.e., incapable of deviation from the moral law). Yet Kant elsewhere argues that sensible beings cannot be holy. This interpretation thus cannot make sense of Kant's insistence that agents become holy, supposing instead that this is an error on Kant's part. Against this reading, I argue that progress toward holiness is simply a definition of virtue, and that Kant's reference to it does not contradict itself by implying that sensible beings must become holy at some point in time. Drawing on Kant's account of the Gesinnung in the Religion, I then proceed to offer a novel reading as to why immortality is needed to secure the complete conformity of a disposition with the moral law.
Slow oscillations open susceptible time windows for epileptic discharges
Authors: Sheybani Laurent , Mégevand Pierre , Spinelli Laurent , Bénar Christian G. , Momjian Shahan , Seeck Margitta , Quairiaux Charles , Kleinschmidt Andreas , Vulliémoz Serge 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveIn patients with epilepsy, interictal epileptic discharges are a diagnostic hallmark of epilepsy and represent abnormal, so‐called “irritative” activity that disrupts normal cognitive functions. Despite their clinical relevance, their mechanisms of generation remain poorly understood. It is assumed that brain activity switches abruptly, unpredictably, and supposedly randomly to these epileptic transients. We aim to study the period preceding these epileptic discharges, to extract potential proepileptogenic mechanisms supporting their expression.MethodsWe used multisite intracortical recordings from patients who underwent intracranial monitoring for refractory epilepsy, the majority of whom had a mesial temporal lobe seizure onset zone. Our objective was to evaluate the existence of proepileptogenic windows before interictal epileptic discharges. We tested whether the amplitude and phase synchronization of slow oscillations (.5–4 Hz and 4–7 Hz) increase before epileptic discharges and whether the latter are phase‐locked to slow oscillations. Then, we tested whether the phase‐locking of neuronal activity (assessed by high‐gamma activity, 60–160 Hz) to slow oscillations increases before epileptic discharges to provide a potential mechanism linking slow oscillations to interictal activities.ResultsChanges in widespread slow oscillations anticipate upcoming epileptic discharges. The network extends beyond the irritative zone, but the increase in amplitude and phase synchronization is rather specific to the irritative zone. In contrast, epileptic discharges are phase‐locked to widespread slow oscillations and the degree of phase‐locking tends to be higher outside the irritative zone. Then, within the irritative zone only, we observe an increased coupling between slow oscillations and neuronal discharges before epileptic discharges.SignificanceOur results show that epileptic discharges occur during vulnerable time windows set up by a specific phase of slow oscillations. The specificity of these permissive windows is further reinforced by the increased coupling of neuronal activity to slow oscillations. These findings contribute to our understanding of epilepsy as a distributed oscillopathy and open avenues for future neuromodulation strategies aiming at disrupting proepileptic mechanisms.
Necdin: A purposive integrator of molecular interaction networks for mammalian neuron vitality
Authors: Yoshikawa Kazuaki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNecdin was originally found in 1991 as a hypothetical protein encoded by a neural differentiation‐specific gene transcript in murine embryonal carcinoma cells. Virtually all postmitotic neurons and their precursor cells express the necdin gene (Ndn) during neuronal development. Necdin mRNA is expressed only from the paternal allele through genomic imprinting, a placental mammal‐specific epigenetic mechanism. Necdin and its homologous MAGE (melanoma antigen) family, which have evolved presumedly from a subcomplex component of the SMC5/6 complex, are expressed exclusively in placental mammals. Paternal Ndn‐mutated mice totally lack necdin expression and exhibit various types of neuronal abnormalities throughout the nervous system. Ndn‐null neurons are vulnerable to detrimental stresses such as DNA damage. Necdin also suppresses both proliferation and apoptosis of neural stem/progenitor cells. Functional analyses using Ndn‐manipulated cells reveal that necdin consistently exerts antimitotic, anti‐apoptotic and prosurvival effects. Necdin interacts directly with a number of regulatory proteins including E2F1, p53, neurotrophin receptors, Sirt1 and PGC‐1α, which serve as major hubs of protein–protein interaction networks for mitosis, apoptosis, differentiation, neuroprotection and energy homeostasis. This review focuses on necdin as a pleiotropic protein that integrates molecular interaction networks to promote neuronal vitality in modern placental mammals.
The experiences of the caring dyad: (Un)articulated realities of living with cardiometabolic risk, metabolic syndrome and related diseases in severe mental illness
Authors: Sud Dolly , Maidment Ian , Bradley Eleanor , Tritter Jonathan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundInformal carers play an important role in the care of patients with mental illness. Little is known of the relationship experience of the patient and their informal carer (caring dyad) as the context for the intersection between physical and mental health.AimThis study aimed to explore the impact of comorbid cardiometabolic risk (CMR), metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related diseases and severe mental illness (SMI) on the caring dyad.DesignBetween October 2018 and March 2020, we conducted 11 in‐depth semi‐structured interviews across 6 adult caring dyads, interviewing each individual separately.SettingDyads were recruited within the United Kingdom; informal carers were nominated by the patient as a person who provided a significant amount of support.Variable Being StudiedParticipants were asked about the impacts of illness and caring on daily life.Data AnalysisData were analysed at the dyad level using thematic analysis, comparing and contrasting responses from each individual.ResultsThemes were identified: enhanced closeness, dissonance and balance within the caring dyad.Discussion and ConclusionsThis study uses a particular population of patients with comorbid CMR factors, MetS and related diseases and SMI and their informal carers to explore the relevance and utility of caring dyads as an analytical framework to inform practice and policy. Future interventions should consider factors impacting on dyadic relationships to formulate effective and sustainable dyadic care and treatment to improve health outcomes for both patients with SMI and their informal carers.Patient/Public InvolvementIn this study, patients and informal carers were participants. Topic guides were piloted with a patient and informal carer.