bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracellular Hydrogen Peroxide Produced by 6-Hydroxydopamine is a Trigger for Nigral Dopaminergic Degeneration Via Rapid Influx of Extracellular Zn2+
Authors: Nishio Ryusuke , Morioka Hiroki , Takeuchi Azusa , Saeki Nana , Furuhata Ryo , Chinenn Takato , Tamura Haruna , Tamano Haruna , Takeda Atsushi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To elucidate the mechanism of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced Zn2+ toxicity, which is involved in neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats, we postulated that intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by 6-OHDA is a trigger for intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation in the SNpc. Intracellular H2O2 level in the SNpc elevated by 6-OHDA was completely inhibited by co-injection of GBR 13069 dihydrochloride (GBR), a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, suggesting that 6-OHDA taken up through dopamine transporters produces H2O2 in the intercellular compartment of dopaminergic neurons. When the SNpc was perfused with H2O2, H2O2 accumulated glutamate in the extracellular compartment and the accumulation was inhibited in the presence of N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid (ACA), a blocker of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channels. In addition to 6-OHDA, H2O2 also induced intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation via AMPA receptor activation followed by nigral dopaminergic degeneration. Furthermore, 6-OHDA-induced nigral dopaminergic degeneration was completely inhibited by co-injection of HYDROP, an intracellular H2O2 scavenger or GBR into the SNpc. The present study indicates that H2O2 is produced by 6-OHDA taken up through dopamine transporters in the SNpc, is retrogradely transported to presynaptic glutamatergic terminals, activates TRPM2 channels, accumulates glutamate in the extracellular compartment, and induces intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation via AMPA receptor activation, resulting in nigral dopaminergic degeneration. It is likely that intracellular H2O2, but not extracellular H2O2, is a key trigger for nigral dopaminergic degeneration via intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation.
Country-specific Optimization Strategy for Testing Through Contact Tracing Can Help Maintain a Low Reproduction Number (R_0) During Unlock
Authors: Sarma Uddipan , Ghosh Bhaswar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In response to the COVID19 pandemics, many countries have implemented lockdowns in multiple phases to ensure social distancing and quarantining of the infected subjects as a first step to contain the infection spread. Subsequent unlocks to reopen the economies started next waves and imposed extra burden on quarantine to keep the reproduction number ( R0<1 ). Even with initial strict lockdowns and recent launching of vaccination programs, many countries are still struggling to contain the infection which suggests that revisiting the mechanism of lockdown-unlock implementation and simultaneous underpinning of the potential sources diluting the effort of such lockdowns could help better contain the spread of infection. Here, building epidemic models and analyzing the metadata of 50 countries, we first found that the estimated values of R0, adjusted w.r.t the distribution of medical facilities and virus clades, correlates strongly with the testing rates across countries. However, testing capacity of a country is limited by its medical resources, hence, as we demonstrate, optimizing a cost-benefit trade-off between testing rate and unlocking extents implemented in a country specific manner can help in devising the strategies of unlocking the economy. Our study delineates a strategy to optimize this trade-off by utilizing country specific infection spread parameters estimated in the epidemic models and implementing them in a stochastic agent based contact tracing models. The analysis provides a quantitative estimate of testing rates required to maintain a low for different extents of unlock. We further found that a small fraction of superspreaders can drastically increase the number of infected individuals even during lockdowns, primarily due to a switch-like response stemming from the implicit systems-level positive feedback loop driving the spread of infection. Our model suggests that with a country specific optimal combination of unlock extents and testing rates, R0 <1 can be stabilized during a pandemic like COVID19. To harness the benefit of improved testing rates and minimize the infection spread, strict social distancing norms to restrict the movement of superspreaders is necessary, such that onset of the positive feedback loop mediated exponential infection spread can be avoided.
Identification of microRNAs Associated With Human Fragile X Syndrome Using Next Generation Sequencing
Authors: Anvari Maryam Sotoudeh , Vasei Hamed , Najmabadi Hossein , Badv Reza Shervin , Gholipour Akram , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira , Salehi Saeede , Mohamadi Mahmood , Goodarzynejad Hamidreza , Mowla Seyed Javad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene which can lead to a loss or shortage of the FMR1 protein. This protein interacts with specific miRNAs, and a change can cause a range of neurological disorders. Therefore, miRNAs could act as a novel class of potential biomarkers for common CNS diseases. The aim of this study was to test this theory by exploring the expression profiles of various miRNAs in Iranian FXS patients using deep sequencing-based technologies, and validate the miRNAs affecting expression of the FMR1 gene. Blood samples were taken from 15 patients with FXS (9 males, 6 females) and 12 controls. 25 miRNAs were differentially expressed in individuals with FXS compared to controls. Levels of 9 miRNAs were found to be significantly changed (3 upregulated and 6 downregulated). In FXS patients, the levels of hsa-miR-532-5p, hsa-miR-652-3p and hsa-miR-4797-3p were significantly upregulated while levels of hsa-miR-191-5p, hsa-miR-181-5p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-30e-5p, hsa-miR-186-5p, and hsa-miR-4797-5p exhibited significant downregulation; and these dysregulations were confirmed by RT‐qPCR. This study present altered miRNA expression in blood samples from FXS patients, which could be used for diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment purposes. Larger studies are required to confirm these preliminary results.
Domiciliary Dentistry: A Multiple Case Study in the Province of Quebec, Canada
Authors: Makansi Nora , Rousseau Jacqueline , Bedos Christophe 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe demand for more flexible and person-centered models of oral healthcare delivery is increasing and while mobile and domiciliary dental services have the potential to increase access to oral healthcare among dependent elderly and people with disabilities; the uptake of this service model by dentists remains low. Therefore, the aim of this study was to closely examine existing mobile clinics that are leading the practice of domiciliary dentistry in a specific context. MethodsWe used a qualitative descriptive multiple case study design. We studied three independent domiciliary dentistry clinics in the province of Quebec, Canada. Data were collected using non-participant observations and semi-structured interviews with dental professionals, patients, and caregivers. We performed a qualitative content analysis using a deductive/inductive coding framework. ResultsWe presented a detailed description of the physical and service features of the studied cases. Physical features included the set-up of the mobile clinics, the portable equipment used, and the domiciliary locations of visits. For service features, we described the roles, attitudes, and interactions among those involved on both the providers’ and recipients’ sides, as well as, the logistical and financial aspect of the domiciliary dental services.ConclusionsThis case study showed domiciliary dentistry to be feasible, profitable, and highly valued by a growing segment of the population. Additional research in different contexts would further contribute to building evidence-based models to help increase the uptake of this type of practice by current and future dental professionals.
Depression and Sleep Duration Associated With Health-related Quality of Life in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: a Cross-sectional Study in China
Authors: Liu Yu , Wu Beirui , Xu Hua , Wan Xu , Wu Huichao , Gao Jing , Huang Wei , Lua Wei , Liu Wei , Shen Jie , Ma Jing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Limited study has evaluated the association among depression, depression and health-related quality of life in individuals with type 2 diabetes in China. We aimed to evaluate the effects of depression and sleep duration on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in community-based individuals with type 2 diabetes in China.Methods: A total of 1,891 individuals with type 2 diabetes from Pujiang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai, China were included in the study. Self-reported sleep duration per night was obtained by questionnaire. Participant Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to detect depression. European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions-5 Levels index (EQ-5D-5L) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the individuals’ HRQoL. Results: The prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 scores ≥5) was 8.9%. The proportion of depression in individuals with sleep duration <7h was higher compared with those with sleep duration of 7-8h and ≥8h, respectively (14% vs. 5.3%, 14% vs. 4.3%, all p < 0.001). Depression was negatively associated with both EQ-5D-5L index score and EQ-VAS (β = -0.1273, 95% CI: -0.1389, -0.1158 for EQ-5D-5L index score; β = -8.8762, 95% CI: -10.3150, -7.4374 for EQ-VAS). Compared to individuals with sleep duration of 7-8h, sleep duration <7h was associated with lower EQ-5D-5L index score and EQ-VAS (β= -0.0242, 95% CI: -0.0116, -0.0367 for EQ-5D-5L index score; β = -2.9386, 95% CI: -1.5210, -4.3562 for EQ-VAS). However, sleep duration ≥8h did not show significant difference in HRQoL before and after full adjustments.Conclusion: To improve quality of life in individuals with type 2 diabetes in China, those with depression and shorter sleep duration may be identified as at-risk populations. Longer sleep duration over 8h might not further improve the quality of life for individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Revealing Atomic-Scale Ionic Stability and Transport around Grain
Boundaries of Garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 Solid Electrolyte
Authors: Gao Bo , Jalem Randy , Tian Hong-Kang , Tateyama Yoshitaka 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
For real application to the all-solid-state batteries, understanding and control of the grain boundaries (GBs) are essential. However, the in-depth insight into the atomic-scale defect stabilities and transports of ions around the GBs is still far from understood. Here, the first-principles investigation on the promising garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 solid electrolyte GBs has been carried out. Our study reveals a GB-dependent behavior for the Li-ion transport correlated to the diffusion network. Especially, the Σ3(112) tilt GB model exhibits a quite high Li-ion conductivity comparable to that in bulk, and a fast intergranular diffusion contrary to the former concepts. Moreover, the preference of the electron accumulation at the Σ3(112) GB was uncovered in terms of the lower Li interstitial formation energies. This phenomenon is further enhanced by the presence of the Schottky-like defect, leading to the increase in the electronic conductivity at GBs, which plays a key role in the Li dendrite growth.
Lipidomics of Facial Sebum in the Comparison Between Acne and Non-Acne Adolescents with Dark Skin
Authors: Okoro Emeka , Adenle Adebomi , Ludovici Matteo , Truglio Mauro , Marini Federico , Camera Emanuela 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Lipidomics is advantageous in the study of sebum perturbations occurring in acne. An extended evaluation of the sebum lipid profiles in acne-prone sebaceous areas is lacking in dark skin. Yet, there is a void space in understanding how the building blocks of sebum lipids, i.e. individual fatty acids (FAs), are intertwined with acne-prone skin. We aimed to determine the sebum lipidome in facial areas of adolescents with and without acne in Nigeria. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 60 adolescents/young adults divided in 30 acne patients (15F, 15M) and 30 age and sex-matched controls. Sebum samples obtained from foreheads and cheeks were analysed separately by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS) and thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Distributions of sebum components were investigated with multivariate ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis (ASCA). Sebum incretion in acne was paralleled by significantly higher abundance of triglycerides, wax esters, and squalene together with monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and straight chain saturated FAs (SFAs), especially those with odd-carbon chain, i.e. C13:0, C15:0, and C17:0. Profiling weight/weight percentage individual components revealed that in acne the free FAs (FFAs) array was shifted towards higher relative abundance of the SFAs C15:0, C16:0, and C17:0 and lower percentage of the anteiso-branched FFAs with 12, 14, 16, and 18 carbons. In acne patients, MUFAs and PUFAs were quantitatively increased and decreased on foreheads and cheeks, respectively. Relative abundance of fatty alcohols was decreased in acne independent on the site. The results indicated that acne associates with site-specific derangement of the pathways regulating the balance among odd straight-chain and branched-chain SFAs, MUFAs, including sapienate (C16:1n-10), PUFAs, and squalene.
Interaction of Potential and Effective Entrepreneurial Capabilities in Adolescents: Modeling Youth Entrepreneurship Structure Using Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Campo Lilia Angélica , Amar Paola , Olivero Enohemit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article emphasizes entrepreneurial skills in adolescents, in order to determine the relationship between entrepreneurial skills (dependent variable) and the key factors for their development: personal, social, and educational (independent variables). It has an empirical‒analytical design which is explanatory in nature. After the design, validation, and application of the evaluation instrument, the estimation was carried out using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show great impact of potential entrepreneurial capacity on effective entrepreneurial capacity, determined by the direct effect of personal traits and life skills, the family as a moderating element, as well as the mediating role of entrepreneurship training processes. The complex nature of entrepreneurship is highlighted, which is influenced by multiple factors as possible boosters for the success of entrepreneurial initiatives.
Diet dominates age in shaping the rumen bacteria community and function in dairy cattle
Authors: Hao Yangyi , Gong Yue , Huang Shuai , Ji Shoukun , Wang Wei , Wang Yajing , Yang Hongjian , Cao Zhijun , Li Shengli 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

To understand the effects of diet and age on the rumen bacterial community and function, forty-eight dairy cattle at 1.5 (M1.5), 6 (M6), 9 (M9), 18 (M18), 23 (M23), and 27 (M27) months old were selected. The M1.5, M6, and M27 had the high protein and starch dietary, while the M9, M18, and M23 had the high fiber dietary. Fermentation profile, enzyme activity, and bacteria community in rumen fluid were measured.
Results

The acetate to propionate ratio (A/P) at M9, M18, and M23 (high fiber diet) was higher than other ages, and M6 was the lowest (P < 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) at M23 and M27 was higher than other ages (P < 0.05). The urease at M18 was lower than M1.5, M6, and M9, and the xylanase at M18 was higher than M1.5, M23, and M27 (P < 0.05). The α-diversity indexes (Ace and Chao1) of ruminal bacteria increased from M1.5 to M23, while they decreased from M23 to M27 (P < 0.05). Thirty-three bacteria were identified as biomarkers of the different groups based on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) when the LDA score > 4. The variation partitioning approach analysis showed that the age and diet had a 7.98% and 32.49% contribution to the rumen bacteria community variation, respectively. The richness of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter were positive correlated with age (r > 0.60, P < 0.01) and also positively correlated with TVFA and acetate (r > 0.50, P < 0.01). The Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans has a positive correlation (r > 0.80, P < 0.05) with diet NDF and negative correlation (r < -0.80, P < 0.05) with diet CP and starch, which were also positively correlated with the acetate and A/P (r > 0.50, P < 0.01).
Conclusion

These findings indicated that the quantitative effect of diet and age on the rumen bacteria were 7.98% and 32.49%, respectively. The genera of Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans could be worked as the target bacteria to modulate the rumen fermentation by diet; meanwhile, the high age-correlated bacteria such as Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter also should be considered when shaping the rumen function.
Dietary cottonseed consumption induced subfertility in male and female rats: a potent eco-friendly rodenticide compound
Authors: Nowzari Fariborz , Rahmanifar Farhad , Tanideh Nader , Dorvash Mohammad Reza , Khoradmehr Arezoo , Baghban Neda , Tamadon Amin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Effects of cottonseed flour in male and female rats’ fertility based on hormonal and histomorphometry changes were studied. Sixty-four Sprague-Dawley adult male and female rats were randomly divided into control and treatment groups. Treatment group was received diets containing cottonseed flour for 35 days. Control group was given standard rat food. Body and testis weights, epididymis semen evaluation indices and serum sex steroid hormones were determined. Histomorphometry alterations of testes and ovary were evaluated. Then, normal female and male rats were mated by rats in both groups and after 35 days, number of pups was measured. However, there was no significant difference in whole body and testes weights, sperm concentration and viability between the control and treatment groups, respectively. Moreover, sperm motility in the treatment rats was significantly lower than the control group. Serum hormones alterations were not significant, but histomorphometry evaluations of testes showed significant changes in the testis structures after chronic consumption of cottonseed flour. In the female rats, body weight did not have significant difference between the treatment and control groups. Histomorphometry data in female ovary showed significant reduction of primary follicle volume and number in the treatment group against control. Follicle stimulating hormone showed insignificant reduction in the treatment group. Number of pups was significantly reduced in the female rats fed by cottonseed flour. Cottonseed flour in rat diet had adverse effects on rat reproduction. Therefore, it can be used as an efficient product for control of the rat population as a natural rodenticide agent.
Case Report: Rare Myeloid Sarcoma Development Following Renal Transplantation with KRAS and DNMT3A Gene Mutations
Authors: Wu Danyang , Lu Xiaoxuan , Yan Xiaojing , Gao Ran 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: A high incidence of malignant tumors, such as post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD), Kaposi sarcoma, and renal cancer is common in solid organ and bone marrow transplant recipients. However, myeloid sarcoma (MS) after renal transplantation has rarely been reported and the diagnosis is challenging due to its low incidence. Case presentation:Here, we report a rare case of a 49-year-old man who developed myeloid sarcoma (MS) in the transplanted kidney two years after renal transplantation. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) showed mutations of KRAS and DNMT3A genes in the MS, and no gene mutations in the bone marrow. He presented a normal karyotype of 46, XY. Following treatment with 6 cycles of systemic chemotherapy, the patient was in satisfactory condition with stable serum creatinine (sCr) levels at the 1-year follow-up. In addition, we performed a detailed review with emphasis on the clinical manifestations, and the diagnostic and therapeutic processes of another 7 patients who developed MS following renal transplantation.Conclusions: Our report illustrates the clinical utility of comprehensive genomic profiling in benefiting the diagnosis of MS, the selection of therapeutic strategy and the determination of whether MS is donor-derived.
A Case Report: Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Misdiagnosed as Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Authors: Wang xuerui , jie Xu , guang Chen , Zhan bingyan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma is a peripheral T-cell lymphoma subtype characterized by abnormal proliferation of T lymphocytes with hyperplasia of endothelial veins and follicular dendritic cells. Sarcoidosis is a non-caseating epithelial granulomatous disease of unknown cause, which can invade the whole body organs, especially the lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes. The clinical manifestations are not specific. There are many similarities between the malignant lymphoma and pulmonary sarcoidosis in the early clinical manifestations, such as chest imaging and clinical manifestations, which are easy to be misdiagnosed. Methods: A fifty-three-year-old man presented with a two-month history of cough. This article uses the clinical data of a patient to reveal the main points that should be paid attention to in the diagnosis of lymphoma.Results: The patient were given right inguinal lymph node biopsy and bone marrow biopsy. Case Presentation: Here, A fifty-three-year-old man presented with a two-month history of cough. The effect was not good after one week of anti-infective and glucocorticoid treatment. Lymph node biopsy and bone marrow biopsy were performed. Conclusion: When we find that the therapeutic effect of pulmonary sarcoidosis is not good, we should make pathological diagnosis. We can prevent further deterioration of the disease through the above measures.
Immune cell infiltration characteristics and related core genes of bioinformatic analysis in multiple sclerosis
Authors: zhao jingyu , Zheng Jianyong , Wang Qun , Li Qian , zhang Nan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Introduction Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a common complication of uncontrolled or excessive neuroinflammation and autoimmunity disease. Advances in high-throughput technologies and available bioinformatics tools make it possible to evaluate different expressions in the whole genome instead of focusing on a limited number of genes. MethodsMaterials and methods Two public available databases GSE81279 and GSE21942 of multiple sclerosis samples were downloaded analyzed by CIBERSORT. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis based on GSEA was performed by cluster profile software to reveal the regulatory relations among genes and provided a systematic understanding of the functional differentially expressed genes at the transcriptional level.GSE81279 was used to validate the association between core genes and clinical information. ResultsFor immune cells, T-cell gamma delta and monocyte showed a trend toward reduction. The connection between the most prominent GO terms showed HBB, GATA2, NAA35, TCL1A, SECISBP2L, CLC, AGPAT5, CCR3, LTF, MALAT1, MS4A3 were significantly differentially expressed in MS. Gene set enrichment result was presented CDKN1A, DDB2, MME HMGN1, XPC, RELA for subsequent analysis.GSE81279 showed five types of immune cells revealed important links with MS. GSEA and layered KEGG analyses revealed that enrichment of immune response-related in primary immunodeficiency, it also consistent with previous studies. We got 10 genes, including HLA-DR, IL7R, HBB, TNFRSF1A, CYP27B1, NR1H3, IL2RA, TNFR1, BAFF, and CYP2R1 had close connections to clinical features. ConclusionsOur study identifies immune cell infiltration with microarray data of the plasma in MS by using CIBERSORT analysis, we also provide novel information for further study of genes of multiple sclerosis.