bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced plasticity in coupling strength in the SCN clock in aging as revealed by Kuramoto modelling
Authors: van Beurden Anouk W. , Meylahn Janusz M. , Achterhof Stefan , Meijer Johanna H. , Rohling Jos H. T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe mammalian circadian clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and consist of a network of coupled neurons, which are entrained to the environmental light-dark cycle. The phase coherence of the neurons is plastic and driven by the length of the day. With aging the capacity to behaviorally adapt to changes in the light regime reduces. The mechanisms underlying photoperiodic adaptation are largely unknown, but are important to unravel for the development of novel interventions to improve the quality of life of the elderly. We analyzed the neuronal synchronization of PER2::LUC protein expression in the SCN of young and old mice entrained to either long or short photoperiod and used the synchronization levels as input for a two-community noisy Kuramoto model. With the Kuramoto model we estimated the coupling strength between and within neuronal subpopulations. The model revealed that the coupling strength between and within subpopulations contributes to photoperiod induced changes in the phase relationship among neurons. We found that the SCN of young mice adapts in coupling strength over a large range, with low coupling strength in long photoperiod and higher coupling strength in short photoperiod. In aged mice we also found low coupling strength in long photoperiod, but strongly reduced capacity to reach high coupling strength in short photoperiod. The inability to respond with an increase in coupling strength shows that manipulation of photoperiod is not a suitable strategy to enhance clock function with aging. We conclude that the inability of aged mice to reach high coupling strength makes aged mice less capable to seasonal adaptation than young mice.Author SummaryCircadian clocks drive daily rhythms in physiology and behavior. In mammals the clock resides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The SCN consist of a network of coupled neurons which are synchronized to produce a coherent rhythm. Due to plasticity of the network, seasonal adaptation to short winter days and long summer days occurs. Disturbances in circadian rhythmicity of the elderly have negative health effects, such as neurodegenerative diseases. With the rise in life expectancy this is becoming a major issue. In our paper, we used a model to compare the neuronal coupling in the SCN between young and old animals. We investigated whether exposure to short photoperiod can strengthen coupling among clock cells, and thereby clock function, in old animals. We observed that this is not possible, indicating that simple environmental manipulations are not an option. We suggest that receptor targeted interventions are required, setting the path for further investigation.
Chromodomain protein regulates the expression of a subset of RIFINs in P. falciparum
Authors: Sethumadhavan Devadathan Valiyamangalath , Tiburcio Marta , Kanyal Abhishek , Jabeena CA , Govindaraju Gayathri , Karmodiya Krishanpal , Rajavelu Arumugam 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPlasmodium falciparum expresses clonally variant proteins on the surface of infected erythrocytes to evade the host immune system. The clonally variant multigenes include var, rifin, and stevor, which express EMP1, RIFIN, and STEVOR proteins, respectively. The rifins are the largest multigene family and are essentially involved in the RBC rosetting, the hallmark of severe malaria. The regulators that control the RIFINs expression in P. falciparum have not been reported so far. This study reports a chromodomain-containing protein (PfCDP) that binds to H3K9me3 modification on P. falciparum chromatin. The ChIP- sequencing analysis revealed that the PfCDP is majorly associated with clonally variant gene families, primarily rifins in P. falciparum. Conditional deletion of the chromodomain (CD) gene in P. falciparum leads to the up-regulation of a subset of virulence genes, including rifins, a few var, and stevor genes. Further, we show that PfΔCDP P. falciparum lines promote the RBC rosetting. This study provides evidence of an epigenetic regulator mediated control on a subset of RIFINs expression and RBC rosetting by P. falciparum.
The key features of SARS-CoV-2 leader and NSP1 required for viral escape of NSP1-mediated repression
Authors: Bujanic Lucija , Shevchuk Olga , von Kügelgen Nicolai , Ludwik Katarzyna , Koppstein David , Zerna Nadja , Sickmann Albert , Chekulaeva Marina 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTSARS-CoV-2, responsible for the ongoing global pandemic, must overcome a conundrum faced by all viruses. To achieve its own replication and spread, it simultaneously depends on and subverts cellular mechanisms. At the early stage of infection, SARS-CoV-2 expresses the viral nonstructural protein 1 (NSP1), which inhibits host translation by blocking the mRNA entry tunnel on the ribosome; this interferes with the binding of cellular mRNAs to the ribosome. Viral mRNAs, on the other hand, overcome this blockade. We show that NSP1 enhances expression of mRNAs containing the SARS-CoV-2 leader. The first stem-loop (SL1) in viral leader is both necessary and sufficient for this enhancement mechanism. Our analysis pinpoints specific residues within SL1 (three cytosine residues at the positions 15, 19 and 20) and another within NSP1 (R124) which are required for viral evasion, and thus might present promising drug targets. Additionally, we carried out analysis of a functional interactome of NSP1 using BioID and identified components of anti-viral defense pathways. Our analysis therefore suggests a mechanism by which NSP1 inhibits the expression of host genes while enhancing that of viral RNA. This analysis helps reconcile conflicting reports in the literature regarding the mechanisms by which the virus avoids NSP1 silencing.
The model arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis harbours endosymbiotic bacteria with a highly reduce genome
Authors: Savary Romain , Masclaux Frédéric G. , Sanders Ian R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF; Glomeromycotina) are symbionts of most plant species that are known to possess unique intracytoplasmic endosymbiotic bacteria with an enigmatic role. Candidatus Moeniiplasma glomeromycotorum (CaMg) was shown to be widespread along the AMF phylogeny and present in most AMF species and isolates of those species. The model AMF species, Rhizophagus irregularis, that can be cultivated in vitro and for which a lot of genomic information now exists, would be the ideal model to study the true nature of the CaMg-AMF symbiosis. However, R. irregularis was never found to host endobacteria. Here we show by DNA sequencing that R. irregularis can, indeed, host CaMg (Ri-CaMg). However, this appears rare as only one R. irregularis isolate out of 58 hosted CaMg. In that isolate, the endosymbiotic bacterial population was genetically homogenous. By sequencing the complete genome of the bacteria, we found that its genome is among the smallest of all known CaMg and Mycoplasma-like genomes, with a highly reduced gene repertoire, suggesting a strong adaptation to the intracellular life. We discuss our findings in the light of previous literature on CaMg and on the same AMF isolates and suggest that these endosymbionts are more likely parasites than non-obligatory mutualists.
The opposing Chloride Cotransporters KCC and NKCC control locomotor activity in constant light and during long days
Authors: Eick Anna Katharina , Ogueta Maite , Buhl Edgar , Hodge James J. L. , Stanewsky Ralf 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCation Chloride Cotransporters (CCC’s) regulate intracellular chloride ion concentration ([Cl−]i) within neurons, which can reverse the direction of the neuronal response to the neurotransmitter GABA. Na+ K+ Cl− (NKCC) and K+ Cl− (KCC) cotransporters transport Cl− into or out of the cell, respectively. When NKCC activity dominates, the resulting high [Cl−]i can lead to an excitatory and depolarizing response of the neuron upon GABAA receptor opening, while KCC dominance has the opposite effect. This inhibitory-to-excitatory GABA switch has been linked to seasonal adaption of circadian clock function to changing day length, and its dysregulation is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders such as epilepsy. Constant light normally disrupts circadian clock function and leads to arrhythmic behavior. Here, we demonstrate a function for KCC in regulating Drosophila locomotor activity and GABA responses in circadian clock neurons because alteration of KCC expression in circadian clock neurons elicits rhythmic behavior in constant light. We observed the same effects after downregulation of the Wnk and Fray kinases, which modulate CCC activity in a [Cl−]i-dependent manner. Patch-clamp recordings from clock neurons show that downregulation of KCC results in a more positive GABA reversal potential, while KCC overexpression has the opposite effect. Finally, KCC downregulation represses morning behavioral activity during long photoperiods, while downregulation of NKCC promotes morning activity. In summary, our results support a model in which the regulation of [Cl−]i by a KCC/NKCC/Wnk/Fray feedback loop determines the response of clock neurons to GABA, which is important for adjusting behavioral activity to constant light and long-day conditions.
Crystal structure of the new palladium complexes tetrakis(1,3-dimethylimidazolium-2-ylidene)palladium(II) hexadecacarbonyltetrarhenium diethyl ether disolvate and octa-μ-carbonyl-dicarbonyltetrakis(triphenylphosphane)palladiumdirhenium (unknown solvate)
Authors: Shapovalov Sergey , Tikhonova Olga , Skabitsky Ivan 
Published: September 2021

The investigation of the coordination chemistry of heterometallic transition-metal complexes of palladium (Pd) and rhenium (Re) led to the isolation and crystallographic characterization of tetrakis(1,3-dimethylimidazolium-2-ylidene)palladium(II) hexadecacarbonyltetrarhenium diethyl ether disolvate, [Pd(C5H8N2)4][Re4(CO)16]·2C4H10O or [Pd(IMe)4][Re4(CO)16]·2C4H10O, (1), and octa-μ-carbonyl-dicarbonyltetrakis(triphenylphosphane)palladiumdirhenium, [Pd4Re2(C18H15P)4(CO)10] or Pd4Re2(PPh3)4(μ-CO)8(CO)2, (2), from the reaction of Pd(PPh3)4 with 1,3-dimethylimidazolium-2-carboxylate and Re2(CO)10 in a toluene–acetonitrile mixture. In complex 1 the Re—Re bond lengths [2.9767 (3)–3.0133 (2) Å] are close to double the covalent Re radii (1.51 Å). The palladium–rhenium carbonyl cluster 2 has not been structurally characterized previously; the Pd—Re bond lengths [2.7582 (2)–2.7796 (2) Å] are about 0.1 Å shorter than the sum of the covalent Pd and Re radii (1.39 + 1.51 = 2.90 Å). One carbene ligand and a diethyl ether molecule are disordered over two positions with occupancy ratios of 0.5:0.5 and 0.625 (15):0.375 (15) in 1. An unidentified solvent is present in compound 2. The given chemical formula and other crystal data do not take into account the unknown solvent molecule(s). The SQUEEZE routine [Spek (2015). Acta Cryst. C71, 9–18] in PLATON was used to remove the contribution of the electron density in the solvent region from the intensity data and the solvent-free model was employed for the final refinement. The cavity with a volume of ca 311 Å3 contains approximately 98 electrons.
Factors influencing smartphone based online shopping: an empirical study of young Women shoppers
Authors: Shukla Mahima , Jain Vranda , Misra Richa 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe study examines how young working women are motivated by online shopping. The study tests the relationship between Internet self-efficacy (ISE), website aesthetics, and purchase intention through perceived benefit. An investigation of the impact of perceived risk on purchase intention is also carried out.Design/methodology/approachThe paper carried out a quantitative study based on a purposive sample of 180 working women from the Delhi-NCR region of India and used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test hypotheses based on the extended TAM model.FindingsPerceived benefit, website aesthetics, and ISE positively and significantly impact working women's purchase intention. The study also finds an indirect relationship between ISE and purchase intention through perceived benefit. Perceived risk has a negative and insignificant influence on working women's purchase intention for online shopping.Practical implicationsThe study finding reflects that perceived website aesthetics fill the gap between offline and online environments. ISE makes shopping easy and increases the shopper's confidence. A mobile-optimized website with ease of navigation would increase women shoppers' conversion rates on mobile devices, leading to a favourable impact on revenue generation for online retailers.Originality/valueDespite the vast literature on constructs derived from the TAM model, very few studies have researched young women consumers from an emerging economy perspective. The novelty of this research lies in identifying the factors that influence young working women's online shopping intention using smartphone through the glance of ISE and perceived aesthetics in the Indian context.
A roadmap for business model adaptation in the construction industry: a structured review of business model research
Authors: Abeynayake Dilani Niroshika , Perera BAKS , Hadiwattege Chandanie 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
Survival challenges compel construction firms to change their business thinking on adapting business models (BMs). Unlike in the other fields, in the construction field, it is still a novel concept, probably because BM adaptation in the industry has not been sufficiently studied. Hence, the purpose of this study is to set a roadmap for the effective adaptation of the BM concept in the construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach
To develop a roadmap, this study analysed BM literature through a comprehensive literature review by finding the BM research development stages using studies done in other fields and locating construction industry BM literature.

Findings
No stage-wise development of BM research has taken place in the construction industry. The four BM research development stages, namely, defining BMs, listing BM components, describing BM components and modelling BM components as a business model ontology (BMO) in relation to the construction industry have to be followed for proper BM adaptation in the construction industry.

Originality/value
This study provided an overview of and a roadmap for BM adaptation in the construction industry for the benefit of future researchers. The proper adaptation of the BM concept through a BMO will enable construction business managers to easily innovate, design and change construction BMs to streamline their business thinking.
High-performance work systems, learning orientation and innovativeness: the antecedent role of environmental turbulence
Authors: Gemici Evrim , Zehir Cemal 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to empirically examine whether environmental turbulence leads to the adoption of high-performance work systems (HPWS) and learning orientation (LO) in organizations and, if so, how these two elements contribute to innovativeness. Past research studies widely demonstrated that HPWS and LO are strong determinants of innovativeness. This study incorporates environmental turbulence as an antecedent and explains the interactions between these concepts.Design/methodology/approachThis paper involves a questionnaire-based survey of 233 firms. For hypothesis testing, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used.FindingsThe results revealed the antecedent role of environmental turbulence in HPWS and LO. Additionally, HPWS and LO mediated the relationship between environmental turbulence and organizational innovativeness.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has the limitations of a cross-sectional study design. The study draws out some implications for firms facing turbulent conditions and intending to increase their innovativeness by stimulating a learning culture and focusing on human capital through HPWS.Originality/valueThe overarching contribution of this study is to test the assumption that organizations initiate changes in their internal systems as a response to environmental turbulence. By doing so, the study enriches current studies by exploring the mediator role of HPWS and LO between environmental turbulence and innovativeness. This research also contributes to the literature by demonstrating the antecedent role of environmental turbulence in HPWS for the first time. Additionally, it provides evidence for the relationship between environmental turbulence and LO.
Authenticity as an antecedent of brand image in a positive emotional consumer relationship: the case of craft beer brands
Authors: Rodrigues Paula , Pinto Borges Ana , Sousa Ana 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis study, based on craft beer brands, aims (1) to explain the importance of four brand authenticity dimensions (continuity, originality, reliability and naturalness) in consumers' perceptions of brand image; (2) to verify if the brand–consumer emotional relationship (brand love) is enhanced by the consumer's perceptions of the brand's image; (3) to verify if the consumer's perceptions of the brand's image increase brand satisfaction; and (4) to verify if brand satisfaction increases brand love.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from consumers of different craft beer brands to evaluate the assumptions underlying the proposed conceptual model. In total, 175 questionnaire responses were used, and the model was estimated through structural equation modelling (SEM) with partial least squares (PLS).FindingsThe results confirmed that brand authenticity is a strong antecedent of the brand image of craft beers, and that brand image affects both consumer brand satisfaction and brand love. The effect of brand satisfaction on brand love has also been confirmed. Craft beer brands should aim to attract more fan-consumers, i.e. consumers who seek an emotional relationship that manifests itself in affection, beauty, well-being and long-term commitment. Fan-consumers give their hearts/love and recommend the brand.Originality/valueThe paper tries to fill two gaps in the literature. First, we make the initial empirical application of the Bruhnet al.(2012) scale and verify its adequacy in this context. Second, this is the first time that the model's design has been validated. The results allow us to confirm that authenticity is an antecedent of brand image, and its simultaneous impact on the consumer's brand love for, and satisfaction with, craft beer brands.
Social marketing and higher education: partnering to achieve sustainable development goals
Authors: Hübscher Chiara , Hensel-Börner Susanne , Henseler Jörg 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
Accomplishing the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is imperative for societies to meet their grand challenges. Achieving these goals by 2030 requires sustainability change agents with a can-do-attitude. This study aims to show how institutions of higher education can become partners for social marketing in bringing forward such change agents.

Design/methodology/approach
Taking a case study approach, this paper examines a master’s programme to identify factors relevant to educating sustainability change agents that can serve as a basis for a social marketing planning primer to foster the SDGs.

Findings
This study presents the social marketing discipline with a viable option for supporting the achievement of the SDGs through higher education. Its contributions are twofold. First, it is shown that when interdisciplinarity and a project-based approach are conceptualized and organized to create a motivating and meaningful learning environment with the SDGs as guiding principles, students, as sustainability change agents, can increase awareness and have the potential to generate impacts regarding the SDGs at the individual, organizational and institutional levels. Second, based on this, the paper provides guidance to social marketers regarding the planning of a campaign targeting higher education institutions. The authors argue that the aim of this campaign should be to promote the implementation of the SDGs as guiding principles above all, as this can facilitate the process of students becoming sustainability change agents who help achieve the goals in a timely manner.

Research limitations/implications
Whilst single case studies are usually limited in drawing generalizations, the present study offers a starting point for investigating the role of universities as a target group for social marketing in fostering further sustainable development. Building on its findings, future research could test the proposed social marketing planning primer and evaluate the impact on the SDGs at a larger scale than only one university.

Practical implications
It is proposed to use the findings of the study to model a social marketing campaign aimed at universities to motivate them to help develop sustainability change agents in all disciplines by integrating the SDGs as guiding principles for study programmes.

Social implications
Students’ impacts range from leading peers to buy sustainable products and consume less to influencing a company to adopt sustainable packaging, thereby contributing to social change.

Originality/value
This study is among the first to examine the possible effect of a study programme on the SDGs at different societal levels by taking the perspectives of multiple stakeholders into account and combining the theory of higher education with sustainability and social marketing.
Nanostructured WO3 based gas sensors: a short review
Authors: Sriram Srinivas Rao , Parne Saidireddy , Vaddadi Venkata Satya Chidambara Swamy , Edla Damodar , P. Nagaraju , Avala Raji Reddy , Yelsani Vijayakumar , Sontu Uday Bhasker 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to focus on the basic principle of WO3 gas sensors to achieve high gas-sensing performance with good stability and repeatability. Metal oxide-based gas sensors are widely used for monitoring toxic gas leakages in the environment, industries and households. For better livelihood and a healthy environment, it is extremely helpful to have sensors with higher accuracy and improved sensing features.

Design/methodology/approach
In the present review, the authors focus on recent synthesis methods of WO3-based gas sensors to enhance sensing features towards toxic gases.

Findings
This work has proved that the synthesis method led to provide different morphologies of nanostructured WO3-based material in turn to improve gas sensing performance along with its sensing mechanism.

Originality/value
In this work, the authors reviewed challenges and possibilities associated with the nanostructured WO3-based gas sensors to trace toxic gases such as ammonia, H2S and NO2 for future research.
Supporting quality social studies instruction: the social studies practices continuum
Authors: Erickson Susan , Dunne Kerry A. , Martell Christopher C. 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis article presents the social studies practices continuum, which is a tool that supports social studies teachers in implementing inquiry-based practices in their classrooms. It was designed by the authors based on similar instruments found in science education and informed by the College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Framework for Social Studies Standards.Design/methodology/approachThe article describes the instrument's creation and describes its use with preservice teachers in teacher preparation programs, inservice teachers during district-based professional development.FindingsThe continuum has been used as a reflective tool for teachers and curriculum developers, and as a tool for instructional coaches and administrators to improve teaching practices.Originality/valueThis article offers a new tool for teachers and supervisors to use in improving instruction.