bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Plasma Trimethyllysine and Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Xu Jie , Zhao Mingming , Wang Anxin , Xue Jing , Cheng Si , Cheng Aichun , Gao Jianing , Zhang Qi , Zhan Rui , Meng Xia , Xu Ming , Li Hao , Zheng Lemin , Wang Yongjun 
Published: November 2021

Background
Trimethyllysine, a trimethylamine N‐oxide precursor, has been identified as an independent cardiovascular risk factor in acute coronary syndrome. However, limited data are available to examine the role of trimethyllysine in the population with stroke. We aimed to examine the relationship between plasma trimethyllysine levels and stroke outcomes in patients presenting with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

Methods and Results
Data of 10 027 patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack from the CNSR‐III (Third China National Stroke Registry) and 1‐year follow‐up data for stroke outcomes were analyzed. Plasma levels of trimethyllysine were measured with mass spectrometry. The association between trimethyllysine and stroke outcomes was analyzed using Cox regression models. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the mediation effects of risk factors on the associations of trimethyllysine and stroke outcomes. Elevated trimethyllysine levels were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death (quartile 4 versus quartile 1: adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.72; 95% CI, 1.03–2.86) and all‐cause mortality (quartile 4 versus quartile 1: HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.40–2.78) in multivariate Cox regression model. However, no associations were found between trimethyllysine and nonfatal stroke recurrence or nonfatal myocardial infarction. Trimethyllysine was associated with cardiovascular death independent of trimethylamine N‐oxide. Both estimated glomerular filtration rate and hs‐CRP (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein) had significant mediation effects on the association of trimethyllysine with cardiovascular death, with a mediation effect of 37.8% and 13.4%, respectively.

Conclusions
Elevated trimethyllysine level is associated with cardiovascular death among patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack. Mediation analyses propose that trimethyllysine contributes to cardiovascular death through inflammation and renal function, suggesting a possible pathomechanistic link.
Confirmation of Cause of Death Via Comprehensive Autopsy and Whole Exome Molecular Sequencing in People With Epilepsy and Sudden Unexpected Death
Authors: Chahal C. Anwar A. , Tester David J. , Fayyaz Ahmed U. , Jaliparthy Keerthi , Khan Nadeem A. , Lu Dongmei , Khan Mariha , Sahoo Aradhana , Rajendran Aiswarya , Knight Jennifer A. , Simpson Michael A. , Behr Elijah R. , So Elson L. , St. Louis Erik K. , Reichard R. Ross , Edwards William D. , Ackerman Michael J. , Somers Virend K. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Sudden cardiac arrest is the leading mode of death in the United States. Epilepsy affects 1% of Americans; yet epidemiological data show a prevalence of 4% in cases of sudden cardiac arrest. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) may share features with sudden cardiac arrest. The objective of this study was to report autopsy and genomic findings in a large cohort of SUDEP cases.

Methods and Results

Mayo Clinic Sudden Death Registry containing cases (ages 0–90 years) of sudden unexpected and unexplained deaths 1960 to present was queried. Exome sequencing performed on decedent cases. From 13 687 cases of sudden death, 656 (4.8%) had a history of seizures, including 368 confirmed by electroencephalography, 96 classified as SUDEP, 58 as non‐SUDEP, and 214 as unknown (insufficient records). Mean age of death in SUDEP was 37 (±19.7) years; 56 (58.3%) were male; 65% of deaths occurred at night; 54% were found in bed; and 80.6% were prone. Autopsies were obtained in 83 cases; bystander coronary artery disease was frequently reported as cause of death; nonspecific fibrosis was seen in 32.6% of cases, in structurally normal hearts. There were 4 cases of Dravet syndrome with pathogenic variants in
SCN1A
gene. Using whole exome sequencing in 11 cases, 18 ultrarare nonsynonymous variants were identified in 6 cases including
CACNB2, RYR2, CLNB, CACNA1H,
and
CLCN2
.

Conclusions

This study examined one of the largest single‐center US series of SUDEP cases. Several cases were reclassified as SUDEP, 15% had an ECG when alive, and 11 (11.4%) had blood for whole exome sequencing analysis. The most frequent antemortem genetic finding was pathogenic variants in
SCN1A
; postmortem whole exome sequencing identified 18 ultrarare variants.
Effect of Timing of Staged Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Otsuka Tatsuhiko , Bär Sarah , Losdat Sylvain , Kavaliauskaite Raminta , Ueki Yasushi , Zanchin Christian , Lanz Jonas , Praz Fabien , Häner Jonas , Siontis George C. M. , Zanchin Thomas , Stortecky Stefan , Pilgrim Thomas , Windecker Stephan , Räber Lorenz 
Published: November 2021

Background
Complete revascularization reduces cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) and multivessel disease. The optimal time point of non–target‐vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early (<4 weeks) versus late (≥4 weeks) staged PCI of non–target‐vessels in patients with ACS scheduled for staged PCI after hospital discharge.

Methods and Results

All patients with ACS undergoing planned staged PCI from 2009 to 2017 at Bern University Hospital, Switzerland, were analyzed. Patients with cardiogenic shock, in‐hospital staged PCI, staged cardiac surgery, and multiple staged PCIs were excluded. The primary end point was all‐cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction and urgent premature non–target‐vessel PCI. Of 8657 patients with ACS, staged revascularization was planned in 1764 patients, of whom 1432 patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria. At 1 year, there were no significant differences in the crude or adjusted rates of the primary end point (7.8% early versus 10.8% late, hazard ratio [HR], 0.72 [95% CI, 0.47–1.10],
P
=0.129; adjusted HR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.50–1.28],
P
=0.346) and its individual components (all‐cause death: 1.5% versus 2.9%, HR, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.20–1.33],
P
=0.170; adjusted HR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.23–1.67],
P
=0.343; recurrent myocardial infarction: 4.2% versus 4.4%, HR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.475–1.10],
P
=0.924; adjusted HR, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.53–2.01],
P
=0.935; non–target‐vessel PCI, 3.9% versus 5.7%, HR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.53–1.80],
P
=0.928; adjusted HR, 1.19 [95% CI, 0.61–2.34],
P
=0.609).

Conclusions
In this single‐center cohort study of patients with ACS scheduled to undergo staged PCI after hospital discharge, early (<4 weeks) versus late (≥4 weeks) staged PCI was associated with a similar rate of major adverse cardiac events at 1 year follow‐up.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02241291.
Visual Entity Linking via Multi-modal Learning
Authors: Zheng Qiushuo , Wen Hao , Wang Meng , Qi Guilin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Existing visual scene understanding methods mainly focus on identifying coarse-grained concepts about the visual objects and their relationships, largely neglecting fine-grained scene understanding. In fact, many data-driven applications on the Web (e.g., news-reading and e-shopping) require accurate recognition of much less coarse concepts as entities and proper linking them to a knowledge graph (KG), which can take their performance to the next level. In light of this, in this paper, we identify a new research task: visual entity linking for fine-grained scene understanding. To accomplish the task, we first extract features of candidate entities from different modalities, i.e., visual features, textual features, and KG features. Then, we design a deep modal-attention neural network-based learning-to-rank method which aggregates all features and maps visual objects to the entities in KG. Extensive experimental results on the newly constructed dataset show that our proposed method is effective as it significantly improves the accuracy performance from 66.46% to 83.16% compared with baselines.
A Classroom Observer Like Me: The Effects of Race-Congruence and Gender-Congruence between Teachers and Raters on Observation Scores
Authors: Chi Olivia L. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
State and local education agencies across the country are prioritizing the goal of diversifying the teacher workforce. To further understand the challenges of diversifying the teacher pipeline, I investigate race and gender dynamics between teachers and school-based administrators, who are key decision makers in hiring, evaluating, and retaining teachers. I use longitudinal data from a large school district in the southeastern United States to examine the effects of race-congruence and gender-congruence between teachers and observers/administrators on teachers’ observation scores. Using models with two-way fixed effects, I find that teachers, on average, experience small positive increases in their scores from sharing race or gender with their observers, raising fairness concerns for teachers whose race or gender identities are not reflected by any of their raters.
Probing the association between resting-state brain network dynamics
and psychological resilience
Authors: Kraft Dominik , Fiebach Christian J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aimed at replicating a previously reported negative correlation between node flexibility and psychological resilience, that is, the ability to retain mental health in the face of stress and adversity. To this end, we used multiband resting-state BOLD fMRI (TR = .675 sec) from 52 participants who had filled out three psychological questionnaires assessing resilience. Time-resolved functional connectivity was calculated by performing a sliding window approach on averaged time series parcellated according to different established atlases. Multilayer modularity detection was performed to track network reconfigurations over time, and node flexibility was calculated as the number of times a node changes community assignment. In addition, node promiscuity (the fraction of communities a node participates in) and node degree (as proxy for time-varying connectivity) were calculated to extend previous work. We found no substantial correlations between resilience and node flexibility. We observed a small number of correlations between the two other brain measures and resilience scores that were, however, very inconsistently distributed across brain measures, differences in temporal sampling, and parcellation schemes. This heterogeneity calls into question the existence of previously postulated associations between resilience and brain network flexibility and highlights how results may be influenced by specific analysis choices.
Assessing the Sensitivity of EEG-Based Frequency-Tagging as a Metric for Statistical Learning
Authors: Pinto Danna , Prior Anat , Zion Golumbic Elana 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Statistical learning (SL) is hypothesized to play an important role in language development. However, the measures typically used to assess SL, particularly at the level of individual participants, are largely indirect and have low sensitivity. Recently, a neural metric based on frequency-tagging has been proposed as an alternative measure for studying SL. We tested the sensitivity of frequency-tagging measures for studying SL in individual participants in an artificial language paradigm, using non-invasive electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings of neural activity in humans. Importantly, we used carefully constructed controls to address potential acoustic confounds of the frequency-tagging approach, and compared the sensitivity of EEG-based metrics to both explicit and implicit behavioral tests of SL. Group-level results confirm that frequency-tagging can provide a robust indication of SL for an artificial language, above and beyond potential acoustic confounds. However, this metric had very low sensitivity at the level of individual participants, with significant effects found only in 30% of participants. Comparison of the neural metric to previously established behavioral measures for assessing SL showed a significant yet weak correspondence with performance on an implicit task, which was above-chance in 70% of participants, but no correspondence with the more common explicit 2-alternative forced-choice task, where performance did not exceed chance-level. Given the proposed ubiquitous nature of SL, our results highlight some of the operational and methodological challenges of obtaining robust metrics for assessing SL, as well as the potential confounds that should be taken into account when using the frequency-tagging approach in EEG studies.
To Read or Not to Eat: Anthropomorphism in Children’s Books
Authors: Andrianova Anastassiya 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Anthropomorphic nonhuman animals figure prominently in children’s literature, teaching young readers relevant life lessons and adding variety, humor, and emotional distance to safely consider otherwise traumatizing ideas. Despite its educational and developmental value, however, using animal characters to tell human stories normalizes the very same mechanisms that adult humans use to subjugate real animals. Bringing animal-studies insights to bear on children’s literature and development, this article critiques the use of anthropomorphism in children’s books and urges that, short of the unrealistic demand to abandon the animal as metaphor, young readers and their adult mentors reread children’s books critically and discuss ways of making animals matter. The article examines the debate about anthropomorphism in science and its application to childhood development. It then turns to the pros and cons of anthropomorphizing animals in children’s books and discusses specific examples of books featuring anthropomorphic animal characters.
Nussbaum’s Capabilities Approach to Compassionate Conservation: The Case of Wild Horses in the United States
Authors: Reed Christine 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Human-animal studies have taken a “wild turn” because of growing concern that the urgency to preserve or restore native species and ecosystems has led to overlooking the pain and suffering inflicted upon nonhuman animals targeted as threats to that cause. Martha Nussbaum’s capabilities approach is used to examine the case of wild horses in the American West. Federal law protecting them predates amendments requiring managers to regulate their numbers because of conservation. I conclude that the wild horse program meets Nussbaum’s definition of compassion in important respects, and that temporary fertility control, long-term pastures, and adoptions fulfill her criteria of justice, but with important qualifications. The capabilities approach relies on the possibility of rational discourse about the protection of wildlife individuals, but that consensus might apply only to certain species. In addition, “culture wars” plaguing the U.S. threaten the possibility of a consensus about compassion and justice for nonhuman animals.
South Africa to India
Authors: Dhupelia-Mesthrie Uma 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on the repatriation of Indians from South Africa, first under indentured labour contracts, and then under modified schemes between 1914 and 1975 applicable to all Indians. While the historiography of Indian South Africans prioritises movement of Indians to South Africa, this article is about reverse movement to India. It analyses narratives of repatriation that emerge from official sources in India and South Africa such as statistics, reports of officials in India, petitions and letters from repatriates and observations of public figures. It then shifts focus to a Cape-based immigration archive that focuses on Cape Town repatriates, thus drawing Cape Town more closely into the scholarly field of Indian Ocean mobilities but also firmly into the historiography of Indian South Africans, hitherto predominantly focussed on the former provinces, Natal and the Transvaal. By bringing Cape Town repatriates into the fuller story, an alternative narrative to the dominant one of coercion and suffering is offered.
Inferentialism is as Compositional as it Needs to be
Authors: Tebben Nicholas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Normative inferentialism is a semantic theory according to which the meaning of an expression is, or is determined by, its proper inferential role. Critics of inferentialism often argue that it violates the principle of compositionality, and that it is therefore unable to explain some important linguistic data. I have two tasks in this paper: the first is to demonstrate that inferentialism, appearances perhaps to the contrary, does not violate the principle of compositionality, and the second is to explain why this demonstration is unlikely to mollify critics of inferentialism. The dispute between inferentialists and their critics, I shall argue, is not about compositionality, it is a more fundamental dispute about the nature of representations.
Revisiting Rorty’s Notion of Truth
Authors: Maurya Rahul Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper is intended to explore the Rorty’s notion of truth and its vicinity and divergences with Putnam’s notion of truth. Rorty and Putnam, both the philosophers have developed their notion of truth against the traditional representational notion of truth but their strength lies in its distinctive characterization. For Putnam, truth is the property of a statement which cannot be lost but the justification of it could be.
I will also examine the importance of Putnam’s idealized justificatory conditions without which he may succumb to the charge of relativism at the same time how does Putnam overcome the tension between metaphysical and relativistic stances of truth. For Rorty, truth is not representational rather it is social, which means the justification for a true belief is not external but internal to the community of believers. I would further examine how Rorty tries to dispel the charge of relativism which is hard to overcome.
Finally, I shall try to defend the concept of truth which is free from metaphysical baggage and relativistic threats; and in this enterprise Rorty walks half the way and Putnam completes the journey.
Productive Bodies, Docile Women and Violence
Authors: Gott Chloë K. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Drawing on the Government of Ireland Collaborative Research Project, ‘Magdalene Institutions: Recording an Archival and Oral History’, this paper explores the nature of women’s experiences in Ireland’s Magdalene laundries though the lens of forced work. I argue that the perceived nature of the work done by the women—productive, respectable, ‘women’s work’—significantly impacted on how the abusive nature of the laundries has been considered by official bodies and wider Irish society. This paper focuses on work done in these institutions and how it was viewed, using interviews from survivors and those who visited the laundries. By exploring the links between work and respectability, productivity and morality, with particular attention to the ways this plays out upon the bodies of women, this article argues for an understanding of this work as a violent and disciplinary process, designed to produce the desired Irish Catholic female body: docile and productive, penitential and obedient.
Might Cooperative Approaches Not Be So Cooperative? Exploring the Potential of Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement to Generate Legal Disputes
Authors: de Lassus St-Geniès Géraud 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With Article 6.2, the Paris Agreement offers its parties the possibility to engage in cooperative approaches to import mitigation outcomes that have been generated on the territory of another party and use these international transferred mitigation outcomes (itmos) for compliance purposes. While this possibility seems to pave the way to more—and presumably new forms of—climate cooperation outside the UN climate regime, this paper asks whether Article 6.2 is also likely to spark disagreement among states. It is suggested that it bears as much a potential to generate cooperation as to generate conflict. To illustrate that point, the paper explains how Article 6.2 could lead to conflict between developed and developing states over the legality of unilateral restrictions on the admittance of itmos and discusses what such conflict may look like, as well as its possible legal and political implications.
Психофізіологічний патерн емоції презирства: актуалізація інваріантних ознак в українській фразеології
Authors: Краснобаєва-Чорна [Krasnobaieva-Chorna] Жанна [ZHanna] В. [V.] 
Published: November 2021

The Psychophysiological Pattern of the Emotion of Scorn: Actualisation of Invariant Features in Ukrainian PhraseologyThis article analyses the specifics of the physiological and expressive-behavioural complex of the emotion of scorn in Ukrainian phraseology in the light of psychology of emotions, emotionology, linguoculturology, evaluative semantics and axiophraseological pragmatics. The study considers the emotion of scorn in its psychological diversity as exemplified in phraseological units expressing scorn in Ukrainian. The methods applied to analyse a phraseological unit include component analysis, contextual and interpretive analysis, and parametric analysis of semantic structure with a focus on the evaluative and emotive components. Psychofizjologiczny wzorzec uczucia pogardy. Aktualizacja cech inwariantnych we frazeologii ukraińskiejNiniejszy artykuł analizuje specyfikę fizjologicznego i ekspresyjno‑behawioralnego kompleksu uczucia pogardy we frazeologii ukraińskiej w świetle psychologii emocji, emocjonologii, lingwokulturologii, semantyki wartościującej i pragmatyki aksjofrazeologicznej. Przedmiotem badań jest uczucie pogardy w jej psychologicznej różnorodności na przykładzie jednostek frazeologicznych wyrażających pogardę w języku ukraińskim. Zastosowane metody analizy jednostki frazeologicznej obejmują analizę komponentów, analizę kontekstualną i interpretacyjną oraz analizę parametryczną struktury semantycznej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem komponentów ewaluacyjnych i emotywnych.