bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do carbonate factories influence carbonate platform morphology? Exploring production−transport interactions with numerical forward modelling
Authors: Sultana Daniel , Burgess Peter , Bosence Dan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnderstanding how carbonate factories influence platform evolution is either based on qualitative conceptual models or quantitative numerical stratigraphic forward models. This study establishes new production depth profiles for four Cenozoic carbonate factories and uses two‐dimensional stratigraphic forward models to explore how interactions between sediment production and transport within carbonate systems influence carbonate platform development. Newly established production/depth profiles are used to model photozoan and heterozoan carbonate grain associations, and the associated carbonate producing factories, and results are compared with well‐studied outcrop successions. Sediment production from photozoan and heterozoan grain associations is also equalized, so that the total sediment production is the same but the depth/production profiles retain their distinctly different form. Thus, the effect of the different production profiles can be assessed. Ramps form when sediment diffusional transport rates are high relative to production rates and flat‐top steep‐margin platforms form when sediment diffusional transport rates are low relative to production rates, whether they are photozoan or heterozoan grain associations. The control exerted by sediment production and transport is expressed as a sediment transport–production ratio where transport ratio is a diffusional sediment transport in two‐dimensions and production ratio is the total sediment production rate which is the product of a production profile that varies in depth and laterally. The transport–production ratio is a key control on the evolution and geometry of carbonate platforms. This is the case with different production profiles (both euphotic and oligophotic) and in mixed grain‐size and mixed transport‐rate systems. Carbonate producing factories significantly influence the rate of sediment production, the depth distribution of sediment production (production profiles), as well as the type of grain sizes produced (influencing resistance to erosion). Thus, different types of carbonate grain associations, and the associated carbonate producing factories, can produce the critical differences between carbonate platform geometries.
A solution to a linear integral equation with an application to statistics of infinitely divisible moving averages
Authors: Glück Jochen , Roth Stefan , Spodarev Evgeny 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFor a stationary moving average random field, a nonparametric low frequency estimator of the Lévy density of its infinitely divisible independently scattered integrator measure is given. The plug‐in estimate is based on the solution w of the linear integral equation , where are given measurable functions and v is a (weighted) ‐function on . We investigate conditions for the existence and uniqueness of this solution and give ‐error bounds for the resulting estimates. An application to pure jump moving averages and a simulation study round off the paper.
The pattern of DNA methylation alteration, and its association with the changes of gene expression and alternative splicing during phosphate starvation in tomato
Authors: Tian Peng , Lin Zeteng , Lin Dongbo , Dong Shuangyu , Huang Jianzi , Huang Tengbo 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYDNA methylation is changed and associates with gene expression alterations in plant response to phosphate starvation (Pi–), a common stress that impacts plant growth and productivity. However, in the horticultural model species Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), the dynamics of DNA methylation and its relationship with changes in gene transcription and alternative splicing (AS) under Pi– are unknown. Here, we performed integrative methylome and transcriptome analyses of tomato seedlings under Pi‐deficient and ‐sufficient conditions. We found Pi– caused a slight increase in the overall methylation level, with millions of differentially methylated cytosines (DmCs) and a few hundred differentially methylated regions (DMRs). We also identified thousands of differentially expressed (DE) and differential AS (DAS) genes induced by Pi–, and found that DmCs were more abundant in non‐expressed genes than in DE or DAS genes. Moreover, DNA methylation alterations weakly correlated with transcription changes but not with DAS events, and hyper‐CHH‐DMRs overlapping with transposable elements (TEs) were enriched in a subset of Pi starvation response (PSR) genes. We propose that changes in DNA methylation may be associated with the differential expression of some PSR genes, but that most of these changes probably control the expression of nearby TEs, rather than directly affecting the transcription or AS of PSR genes. Besides, the pattern of methylation changes upon Pi– may largely be shaped by TE distributions. Together, our study provides comprehensive insights into the association of DNA methylation with gene transcription and AS under Pi– in tomato and may contribute to unveiling novel roles of epigenetic mechanisms in plant stress response.
Evaluation of the effects of chlorhexidine digluconate with and without cBD103 or cCath against multidrug‐resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Authors: Santoro Domenico , Kher Lopamudra , Chala Vanessa , Navarro Christelle 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundBecause of the increased incidence of multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacteria, the use of disinfectants over antibiotics has been encouraged. However, the interactions between disinfectants and host local immunity are poorly understood.ObjectiveTo assess the effects of chlorhexidine digluconate (Chx), with and without selected host defence peptides (HDPs), against MDR Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MDR‐SP).Methods and materialsTen clinical isolates of MDR‐SP were tested, using a modified microbroth dilution method. Four two‐fold dilutions of 2% Chx and 1 μg/mL the HDPs synthetic canine β‐defensin 103 (cBD103) or cathelicidin (cCath) were tested alone or in combination. Colony counts after 5, 15, 30 and 60 min, and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) after 24 h were recorded. Friedman followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison tests with significance of P < 0.05 were used for statistical analysis. Synergy, additivity/neutrality or antagonism were calculated.ResultsGrowth was not inhibited by either HDP alone. An MIC of 0.312 μg/mL Chx was achieved for nine of the isolates. One isolate had an MIC of 0.078 μg/mL Chx. A MIC90 (in nine of 10 isolates) of 0.312 µg/mL was seen for Chx in combination with either HDP. Synergy was seen in the combination Chx/cCath used at the highest concentrations of Chx (0.624 µg/mL and 0.312 µg/mL) after 30 and 60 min incubation. Additivity/neutrality was seen for most of the other concentrations and times of incubation.Conclusions and clinical importanceThese results suggest a synergistic/additive effect between Chx and HDPs in dogs. Further studies evaluating the mechanisms behind this effect are needed.
Interventions to promote access to eyecare for non-dominant ethnic groups in high-income countries: a scoping review
Authors: Hamm Lisa M , Yashadhana Aryati , Burn Helen , Black Joanna , Grey Corina , Harwood Matire , Peiris-John Roshini , Burton Matthew J , Evans Jennifer R , Ramke Jacqueline 
Published: September 2021

PurposePeople who are distinct from the dominant ethnic group within a country can experience a variety of barriers to accessing eyecare services. We conducted a scoping review to map published interventions aimed at improving access to eyecare for non-Indigenous, non-dominant ethnic groups residing in high-income countries.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase and Global Health for studies that described an intervention to promote access to eyecare for the target population. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts followed by review of the full text of potentially relevant sources. For included studies, data extraction was carried out independently by two authors. Findings were summarised using a combination of descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.ResultsWe screened 5220 titles/abstracts, of which 82 reports describing 67 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were conducted in the USA (90%), attempted to improve access for Black (48%) or Latinx (28%) communities at-risk for diabetic retinopathy (42%) and glaucoma (18%). Only 30% included the target population in the design of the intervention; those that did tended to be larger, collaborative initiatives, which addressed both patient and provider components of access. Forty-eight studies (72%) evaluated whether an intervention changed an outcome measure. Among these, attendance at a follow-up eye examination after screening was the most common (n=20/48, 42%), and directly supporting patients to overcome barriers to attendance was reported as the most effective approach. Building relationships between patients and providers, running coordinated, longitudinal initiatives and supporting reduction of root causes for inequity (education and economic) were key themes highlighted for success.ConclusionAlthough research evaluating interventions for non-dominant, non-Indigenous ethnic groups exist, key gaps remain. In particular, the paucity of relevant studies outside the USA needs to be addressed, and target communities need to be involved in the design and implementation of interventions more frequently.
Investigating and addressing the immediate and long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with substance use disorders: a scoping review and evidence map protocol
Authors: Naji Leen , Dennis Brittany , Morgan Rebecca L , Sanger Nitika , Worster Andrew , Paul James , Thabane Lehana , Samaan Zainab 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has driven unprecedented social and economic reform in efforts to curb the impact of disease. Governments worldwide have legislated non-essential service shutdowns and adapted essential service provision in order to minimise face-to-face contact. We anticipate major consequences resulting from such policies, with marginalised populations expected to bear the greatest burden of such measures, especially those with substance use disorders (SUDs).Methods and analysisWe aim to conduct (1) a scoping review to summarise the available evidence evaluating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with SUDs, and (2) an evidence map to visually plot and categorise the current available evidence evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on patients with SUDs to identify gaps in addressing high-risk populations.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this scoping review as we plan to review publicly available data. This is part of a multistep project, whereby we intend to use the findings generated from this review in combination with data from an ongoing prospective cohort study our team is leading, encompassing over 2000 patients with SUDs receiving medication-assisted therapy in Ontario prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Review of referrals reveal the impact of referral content on the triage and management of ophthalmology wait lists
Authors: Khou Vincent , Ly Angelica , Moore Lindsay , Markoulli Maria , Kalloniatis Michael , Yapp Michael , Hennessy Michael , Zangerl Barbara 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesMany chronic eye conditions are managed within public hospital ophthalmology clinics resulting in encumbered wait lists. Integrated care schemes can increase system capacity. In order to direct implementation of a public hospital-based integrated eye care model, this study aims to evaluate the quality of referrals for new patients through information content, assess triage decisions of newly referred patients and evaluate the consistency of referral content for new patients referred multiple times.DesignA retrospective and prospective review of all referral forms for new patients referred to a public hospital ophthalmology clinic between January 2016 and September 2017, and September 2017 and August 2018, respectively.SettingA referral-only public hospital ophthalmology clinic in metropolitan Sydney, Australia.Participants418 new patients on existing non-urgent wait lists waiting to be allocated an initial appointment, and 528 patients who were newly referred.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the information content of referrals for new patients. The secondary outcomes were triage outcomes for new incoming referrals, and the number of new patients with multiple referrals.ResultsOf the wait-listed referrals, 0.2% were complete in referral content compared with 9.8% of new incoming referrals (p<0.001). Of new incoming referrals, 56.7% were triaged to a non-urgent clinic. Multiple referrals were received for 49 patients, with no change in the amount of referral content.ConclusionsMost referrals were incomplete in content, leading to triage based on limited clinical information. Some new patients were referred multiple times with their second referral containing a similar amount of content as their first. Lengthy wait lists could be prevented by improving administrative processes and communication between the referral centre and referrers. The future implementation of an integrated eye care model at the study setting could sustainably cut wait lists for patients with chronic eye conditions.
Identifying factors affecting latent tuberculosis treatment acceptance among healthcare workers: a retrospective analysis in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Bar-Meir Maskit , Pariente Gali , Romem Ayal , Wiener-Well Yonit 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveOfficial guidelines recommend tuberculosis (TB) screening programmes for all healthcare workers (HCWs), along with offering treatment when latent TB infection (LTBI) is diagnosed. However, adherence to treatment among HCWs is lower compared with non-HCWs. The aim of the present study was to examine the rate of LTBI treatment acceptance among HCWs and to characterise the factors associated with non-acceptance.Design and settingThis was a retrospective cohort study. All HCWs diagnosed with LTBI, who had tuberculin skin test (TST) conversion during their work, between 2000 and 2015, in a single tertiary academic medical centre, and who consented to answer a questionnaire, were enrolled.ResultsOverall, 147 of 219 (67%) with TST conversion agreed to participate. Acceptance rate for LTBI treatment was only 16%. The overall completion rate among those who accepted treatment was 87%. HCWs’ recall of discussing the importance of LTBI treatment with their caregiver had the strongest association with LTBI treatment acceptance: 23 of 52 HCWs (44%) who recalled this discussion accepted treatment (adjusted OR=10.2, 95% CI: 2.2 to 47.6, p=0.003). Knowing the risk of developing TB was associated with 3.7 increased odds to accept treatment (95% CI: 1.2 to 11.8, p=0.02).ConclusionsLTBI acceptance rate was very low among our HCWs. Focusing on educating HCWs is potentially the key step towards an increased rate of LTBI treatment acceptance.
Association between maternal pregestational glucose level and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zeng Mengyao , He Yang , Li Min , Yang Liu , Zhu Qianxi , Liu Jun , Mao Yanyan , Chen Qing , Du Jing , Zhou Weijin 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between maternal pregestational blood glucose level and adverse pregnancy outcomes.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingThis study was conducted in the Chongqing Municipality of China between April 2010 and December 2016.ParticipantsA total of 60 222 women (60 360 pregnancies) from all 39 counties of Chongqing who participated in the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project and had pregnancy outcomes were included.Primary outcome measuresAdverse pregnancy outcomes included spontaneous abortion, induced abortion or labour due to medical reasons, stillbirth, preterm birth (PTB), macrosomia, large for gestational age, low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age.ResultsOf the 60 360 pregnancies, rates of hypoglycaemic, normoglycaemia, impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) and diabetic hyperglycaemic before conception were 5.06%, 89.30%, 4.59% and 1.05%, respectively. Compared with women with normoglycaemia, women with pregestational glucose at the diabetic level (≥7.0 mmol/L) might have a higher rate of macrosomia (6.18% vs 4.16%), whereas pregestational IFG seemed to be associated with reduced risks of many adverse outcomes, including spontaneous abortion, induced abortion due to medical reasons, PTB and LBW. After adjusting for potential confounders, pregestational diabetic hyperglycaemic was remained to be significantly associated with an increased risk of macrosomia (adjusted risk ratio 1.49, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.09). Abnormal maternal glucose levels before pregnancy (either hypoglycaemic or hyperglycaemic) seemed to have no significant negative effect on spontaneous abortion or induced abortion due to medical reasons.ConclusionAlthough without overt diabetes mellitus, women with once diabetic fasting glucose level during their preconception examinations could be associated with an increased risk for macrosomia. Uniform guidelines are needed for maternal blood glucose management during pre-pregnancy care to improve pregnancy outcomes.
Protocol for active safety monitoring of a cohort of patients using a dolutegravir-based antiretroviral regimen in Mozambique
Authors: Mussá Merana , Gaspar Irénio , Namburete Luisa , Sitoie Tânia Vuyeya , Couto Aleny , Paulino Jamal Mario , Lemos Abrao , Vilanculos Stefia , Ogar Comfort Kunak , Namburete Denylson , Seni Eunice Dias , Hafner Tamara , Stergachis Andy 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionDolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is increasingly being used as the preferred first-line regimen for the treatment of HIV in low-income and middle-income countries. The National Program for the Control of STI/HIV/AIDS in Mozambique has planned a phased introduction of the tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) regimen. In 2019, concerns about a potential safety signal identified with dolutegravir identified in the results of the Tsepamo study, conducted in Botswana, led the National Directorate of Pharmacy and the National Program for the Control of STI/HIV/AIDS to establish an active pharmacovigilance surveillance system among newly placed patients on a TLD regimen. This activity aims to establish an active pharmacovigilance system to monitor adverse events in patients on a TLD regimen to support the effectiveness of Mozambique’s public health programmes in improving the process of care and treatment outcomes for people with HIV/AIDS.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective, non-interventional, descriptive cohort study to monitor HIV patients managed with TLD at 10 sentinel health centres in Mozambique. The cohort consists of HIV-infected patients commencing treatment with TLD, either as treatment naïve patients or switched from other ART regimens. Patients have monthly routine follow-up visits for the first 3 months after starting HIV treatment with TLD, and subsequently every 3 months for a total period of 1 year. Patients are monitored to identify possible adverse events during the follow-up period. The intended size of the cohort is 3000 patients.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the National Commission on Bioethics in Health in Mozambique. Written informed consent is obtained from each participant who agrees to participate to have their information collected, analysed and stored. Findings will be reported to the Ministry of Health and participating health centres to inform policy and practice as well as disseminated by peer-review publications.
CLinical Assessment of WEB device in Ruptured aneurYSms (CLARYS): results of 1-month and 1-year assessment of rebleeding protection and clinical safety in a multicenter study
Authors: Spelle Laurent , Herbreteau Denis , Caroff Jildaz , Barreau Xavier , Ferré Jean-Christophe , Fiehler Jens , Januel Anne-Christine , Costalat Vincent , Liebig Thomas , Bourcier Romain , Möhlenbruch Markus , Berkefeld Joachim , Weber Werner , Mihalea Cristian , Ikka Léon , Ozanne Augustin , Cognard Christophe , Narata Ana Paula , Bibi Richard Edwige , Gauvrit Jean-Yves , Raoult Hélène , Velasco Stéphane , Buhk Jan-Hendrik , Chalumeau Vanessa , Bester Maxim , Desal Hubert , du Mesnil de Rochemont Richard , Bohner Georg , Fischer Sebastian , Biondi Alessandra , Grimaldi Lamiae , Moret Jacques , Byrne James , Pierot Laurent 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe primary goal of the CLARYS study is to assess the protection against rebleeding when treating ruptured bifurcation aneurysms with the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device.MethodsThe CLARYS study is a prospective, multicenter study conducted in 13 European centers. Patients with ruptured bifurcation aneurysms were consecutively included between February 2016 and September 2017. The primary endpoint was defined as the rebleeding rate of the target aneurysm treated with the WEB within 30 days postprocedure. Secondary endpoints included periprocedural and postprocedural adverse events, total procedure and fluoroscopy times, and modified Rankin Scale score at 1 month and 1 year.ResultsSixty patients with 60 ruptured bifurcation aneurysms to be treated with the WEB were included. A WEB device was successfully implanted in 93.3%. The rebleeding rate at 1 month and 1 year was 0%. The mean fluoroscopy time was 27.0 min. Twenty-three periprocedural complications were observed in 18 patients and resolved without sequelae in 16 patients. Two of these complications were attributed to the procedure and/or the use of the WEB, leading to a procedure/device-related intraoperative complication rate of 3.3%. Overall mortality at 1 month and 1 year was 1.7% and 3.8%, respectively and overall morbidity at 1 month and 1 year was 15% and 9.6%, respectively. WEB-related 1-month and 1-year morbidity and mortality was 0%.ConclusionsThe interim results of CLARYS show that the endovascular treatment of ruptured bifurcation aneurysms with the WEB is safe and effective and, in particular, provides effective protection against rebleeding. It may induce profound change in the endovascular management of ruptured bifurcation aneurysms.
Astounding Fibro Lipoma of Spermatic Cord: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Rohit Gupta , Hariprasad Chinniahnapalaya Pandurangaiah , Bharti Shreekant , Kumar Anil , Paswan Shiv Shankar , Vikram Surya , Anand Atul , Anto Jijo 
Published: September 2021

Background. Fibro lipoma of the spermatic cord is a very rare tumor with few cases reported in literature. Atypical presentation and site of swelling mystifies the diagnosis and creates bewildering situation intraoperatively. Case Summary. A 30-year-old farmer presented with an elastic firm nonreducible, nontender swelling at inguinoscrotal region with positive cough impulse and history of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair 3 years ago. Ultrasonography of the swelling revealed a heteroechoic lesion of size

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centimeter with probable features of lipoma or desmoid. Fine needle aspiration drawn in consideration of the diagnostic dilemma reported a benign lipomatous swelling which on final histopathology turned out to be a fibro lipoma of size

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cm. Conclusion. Considering the age and presentation of the patient, it was astonishing. It provided an insight to the occurrence of fibro lipoma even in younger age group which in fact is the first case of its kind as per best of our knowledge. Malignancy should be ruled out in such cases, and complete excision is the treatment of choice.