bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of PRDM16 rs12409277 and CtBP2 rs1561589 gene polymorphisms with lipid profile of adolescents
Authors: Maksimovic Nela , Vidovic Vanja , Damnjanovic Tatjana , Jekic Biljana , Majkic Singh Nada , Simeunovic Slavko , Savic Bozovic Dara , Vidovic Stojko , Novakovic Ivana 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionPositive regulatory domain containing 16 (PRDM16) protein represents the key regulator of brown adipose tissue (BAT) development.
It induces brown fat phenotype and represses white adipose tissue specific genes through the association with C-terminal binding co-repressor proteins (CtBP1 and CtBP2). In healthy adults presence of BAT has been associated with lower glucose, total cholesterol and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels. Our aim was to analyze the association of PRDM16 gene (rs12409277) and CtBP2 gene (rs1561589) polymorphisms with body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose level and lipid profile of adolescents.Material and methodsOur study included 295 healthy school children, 145 boys (49.2%) and 150 girls (50.8%), 15 years of age. Genotypes for the selected polymorphisms were detected by the real-time PCR method. Age, gender, height, weight, lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol,
triglycerides) and fasting glucose levels were recorded.ResultsWe did not find a statistically significant association of rs12409277 and rs1561589 polymorphisms with BMI, fasting glucose and lipid profile of adolescents. We further analyzed the combined effect of the two SNPs and the statistical analysis showed that carriers of CT genotype of rs12409277 polymorphism and GG genotype of rs1561589 polymorphism had significantly lower total cholesterol (p = 0.001) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.008) levels compared to all other groups of genotypes.ConclusionsOur study suggests that rs12409277 and rs1561589 polymorphism might have an influence on total and LDL cholesterol levels in adolescents. Larger studies should be performed in order to confirm our results.
A Influência do Tamanho do Grupo na Participação do Cooperado em Assembleias
Authors: Schmidt Carla Maria , Schmitz Caroline Jane , Wenningkamp Keila Raquel , Fischer Tiago Rodrigo 
Published: January 2021

A cooperação entre indivíduos e firmas tem se tornado necessária na medida em que diversas transformações do atual cenário mercadológico exigem novas formas de organização e coordenação, a fim de tornar as empresas e pessoas mais competitivas. Decorre dessa conjuntura a adoção de estruturas de governança baseadas na coletividade, complementaridade e auxílio mútuo, caracterizando-se como diversas formas de ações coletivas, a exemplo das cooperativas. Ocorre que há diferenças em organizar e manter ações coletivas formadas por grupos grandes e pequenos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi o de analisar a influência do tamanho do grupo na participação dos cooperados nas assembleias do Sicredi Aliança PR/SP. Em termos metodológicos, tratou-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e qualitativa, cuja coleta de dados se deu a partir de documentos, de entrevista (realizada com o diretor executivo) e de questionários (aplicados aos associados e coordenadores de núcleos do Sicredi Aliança PR/SP). A partir dos resultados, foi possível concluir que ocorre influência do tamanho do grupo, de modo que quanto menor o grupo, maior a presença dos associados nas assembleias e maior a participação dos cooperados com opiniões, sugestões e críticas. Ademais, que grupos menores favorecem relacionamentos mais próximos entre cooperados e seus coordenadores. Porém, somente a diminuição do grupo ainda não é suficiente para que os membros participem mais efetivamente, pois precisam de mais confiança, liderança, comunicação e relacionamentos informais.
Contribuições Teóricas sobre o Estudo de Redes de Conhecimento Interorganizacionais
Authors: Müller Rodrigo , Strauhs Faimara do Rocio 
Published: January 2021

As redes de conhecimento (RC) interorganizacionais podem ser vistas como espaços de interação entre os mais variados grupos e/ou segmentos da sociedade, visando à cooperação, ao compartilhamento de informações, aos recursos, aos conhecimentos e às experiências. A existência das RC nos mais variados ambientes pode auxiliar organizações e indivíduos nos processos de compartilhamento e de criação de novos conhecimentos. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa busca identificar as características das redes de conhecimento e investigar como ocorre a criação do conhecimento dessas redes. A pesquisa desenvolve-se sob a metodologia teórico-exploratória, buscando identificar na literatura específica, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliométrica, os principais constructos da área, bem como as características dos ambientes de cooperação. Após a coleta de dados e a análise prévia dos materiais encontrados, verificou-se que o estudo das RC é recente e possui, ainda, poucos trabalhos. No cenário brasileiro, a pequena quantidade de trabalhos encontrados demonstra que o tema é incipiente, carecendo de estudos e pesquisas direcionadas ao cenário nacional. Já no campo internacional, vê-se uma maior quantidade de trabalhos publicados, no entanto com poucas abordagens empíricas. Após estas análises é possível perceber que as RC são dinâmicas e dependem da criação de laços de confiança entre as organizações participantes. É possível ainda identificar que a maioria das redes atuais se configura a partir da identificação de necessidades semelhantes entre empresas diferentes, o que indica uma posição de abertura dessas organizações para o trabalho conjunto e o compartilhamento de recursos, informações e conhecimentos.
Temporal and seasonal trends of hospitalization and mortality associated with necrotizing fasciitis: A retrospective study of 12 years (2002–2013)
Authors: Mekkodathil Ahammed , El-Menyar Ayman , Natesa Mudali Insolvisagan , Al-Sulaiti Maryam , Shaikh Nissar , Al-Thani Hassan 
Published: January 2021

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but aggressive infection that affects the superficial fascia and progressively destroys the tissue between the skin and underlying muscles. It is a surgical emergency with significant morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to explore the temporal and seasonal trends in NF infection in Qatar. Methods: A total of 327 patients diagnosed with NF, aged ≥ 18 years, and admitted to the Hamad General Hospital, Qatar, in 2002–2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The hospitalization and mortality rates in the general population in Qatar and the case fatality rate (CFR) were calculated for each year. The patients were grouped into summer, autumn, winter, and spring admissions based on their admission dates. Seasonality was studied by comparing the characteristics, bacteriological status, and outcomes of the patients admitted in different seasons. Results: The hospitalization rate of NF in Qatar was 2.9 per 100,000 population; in the study duration, this rate decreased from 2.8 to 1.6 per 100,000 population in 2002 and 2013, respectively. The mortality rate among NF cases increased from 1.9 to 3.6 per million population, and the CFR increased from 6.7 to 23 per 100 admissions in the same duration. No temporal trends in the hospitalization and mortality rates or CFR were evident in the study duration. Polybacterial infections were higher in autumn than in other seasons. Monobacterial Gram-positive infections were higher in spring than in other seasons, and monobacterial Gram-negative infections were higher in summer than in other seasons (p = 0.02). However, seasonality was not evident after further analysis in terms of species, severity, complications, length of hospital stays, and CFR in patients with NF. Conclusion: No clear trend or seasonality was observed in terms of outcomes; however, seasonality in NF-causing bacteria was evident, as polybacterial infections were significantly higher in autumn than in other seasons, whereas monobacterial infections were more frequent in spring and summer than in other seasons. However, the severity of infections, length of hospital stay, and mortality did not significantly vary. Further microbiological studies are needed to obtain confirmatory data regarding the temporal and seasonal trends of NF.
The deleterious effect of intracardiac pacing leads on right ventricular function
Authors: Nadar Sunil K , Mujtaba Shaikh Muhammad , Al Jabri Sheikha , Najeeb Rawahi Mohamed 
Published: January 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the progression of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in patients with pacemaker leads across the tricuspid valve and assess the clinical effect on right ventricular (RV) function.
Methods: Patients who had undergone permanent pacemaker implantation at our institution over an 8-year period were identified. Those who had an echo (for any indication) pre- and postdevice implantation were included in this study, and their data assessed. Clinical information was obtained from their medical records. A total of 65 patients (mean age 70 ± 13 years, 31 (48%) males, and 34 (52%) females) were enrolled in the study.
Results: The median interval of echo after implantation was 12 (12 to 24) months. Before implantation, 29 patients had TR, which increased to 51 (78%) during follow up, indicating that 22 patients developed new TR. Of those with preexisting TR, the grade of TR had worsened by at least one grade in 17 patients. RV function as measured by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) had decreased from 1.87 ± 0.44 to 1.68 ± 0.42 (p = 0.002). Eighteen patients had developed signs of right heart failure (either breathlessness with raised jugular venous pressure or pedal edema or both), of which 13 had only new pedal edema.
Conclusion: There is a definite progression of TR in patients with a pacing lead across the tricuspid valve (TV) associated with an increase in the incidence of right heart failure. Patients with a pacing lead across the TV should be followed closely for signs of right heart failure.
Does Removing the Photograph and Name Change the Reviewer's Perception of Orthopaedic Residency Applicants?
Authors: Caldwell Lindsey S. , Garcia-Fleury Ignacio , An Qiang , Lawler Ericka A. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction:
Orthopaedic surgery remains the least diverse field in medicine regarding female and minority representation. Scarce literature exists evaluating the role of implicit bias in the residency application process. We hypothesized that applicants perceived as underrepresented minorities in orthopaedic surgery (URMs) based on their photograph or name would have a decreased likelihood of being invited to interview.

Methods:
Data from the 2018 to 2019 orthopaedic residency application cycle were collected from a single institution. Applications were classified URM or non-URM. After the application cycle was completed, the URM applications were propensity matched with non-URM applicants. Photographs and names were removed, and the applications were rereviewed by the Residency Applicant Review committee. Rank-in-group and the likelihood of being invited for an interview were compared.

Results:
Four hundred eleven applications were included with 27.5% URM and 72.5% non-URM. During the regular application cycle, 34.7% of those invited to interview were URM and 50% of those who were ranked-to-match range were URM. After propensity matching, 90 matched pairs were rereviewed with their photograph and name removed. In the regular application cycle, the URM applicant was 3.8 times more likely to get an interview than the matched non-URM applicant (odds ratio, 3.8, 95% confidence interval, 1.7 to 8.8, P = 0.0014). In the “blinded” condition, the URM candidate was 2.5 times more likely to get an interview than the non-URM candidate (odds ratio, 2.5, 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 6.2 P = 0.034). In the unblinded condition, the URM candidate had a higher ranking within their group than the corresponding non-URM applicant (P = 0.0005).

Discussion:
Contrary to our initial hypothesis, URM applicants were invited to interview at a higher rate than non-URM applicants, both in the regular application cycle and in the propensity-matched “blinded” condition. This suggests that implicit bias based on the picture or name is not negatively affecting URM students during the application review process at our institution.

Level of Evidence:
3
Do androgen-directed therapies improve outcomes in prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nayak Ameeta L. , Flaman Anathea S. , Mallick Ranjeeta , Lavallée Luke T. , Fergusson Dean A. , Cagiannos Ilias , Morash Chris , Breau Rodney H. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Approximately 50% of patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer are treated with radical prostatectomy. While some men will be cured with surgery alone, a substantial proportion will experience cancer recurrence. Androgen-directed therapy (ADT) is an effective adjuvant therapy for patients treated with prostate radiation. Comparatively, the efficacy of ADT in surgical patients has not been well studied.
Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to July 2020 was performed. Randomized trials comparing ADT with radical prostatectomy vs. prostatectomy alone in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer were included. Neoadjuvant ADT and adjuvant ADT interventions were assessed separately. The primary outcomes were cancer recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Pathologic outcomes following neoadjuvant ADT were also evaluated.
Results: Fifteen randomized trials met eligibility criteria; 11 evaluated neoadjuvant ADT (n=2322) and four evaluated adjuvant ADT (n=5205). Neoadjuvant ADT (three months of treatment) did not improve RFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–1.11) or OS (HR 1.22, 95% CI 0.62–2.41). Neoadjuvant ADT significantly decreased the risk of positive surgical margins (relative risk [RR] 0.48, 95% CI 0.41–0.56) and extraprostatic tumor extension (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64–0.89). Adjuvant ADT improved RFS (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.45–0.93) but did not improve OS (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.84–1.24).
Conclusions: Neoadjuvant ADT causes a pathologic downstaging of prostate tumors, but has not been found to delay cancer recurrence nor extend survival. Few studies evaluated adjuvant ADT. Trials are needed to determine the benefits and harms of intermediate or long-term adjuvant ADT for radical prostatectomy patients.
Identification and analysis of lncRNA, microRNA and mRNA expression profiles and construction of ceRNA network in Talaromyces marneffei-infected THP-1 macrophage
Authors: Li Yueqi , Wei Wudi , An Sanqi , Jiang Junjun , He Jinhao , Zhang Hong , Wang Gang , Han Jing , Liang Bingyu , Ye Li , Liang Hao 
Published: January 2021

Background
Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) reveals new mechanisms for interactions between RNAs, which have been considered to play a significant role in pathogen-host innate immune response. However, knowledge of ceRNA regulatory networks in Talaromyces marneffei (TM)-macrophages is still limited.

Methods
Next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) was used to obtain mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA expression profiles in TM-infected macrophages. The R package DESeq2 was used to identify differentially expressed lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA. The R package GOseq was used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, and the ceRNA network of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction was constructed in Cytoscape. Similarly, functional enrichment analysis on mRNA in the ceRNA network. Finally, two mRNAs and four lncRNAs in the ceRNA network were randomly selected to verify the expression using qRT-PCR.

Results
In total, 119 lncRNAs, 28 miRNAs and 208 mRNAs were identified as differentially expressed RNAs in TM-infected macrophages. The constructed ceRNA network contains 38 lncRNAs, 10 miRNAs and 45 mRNAs. GO and KEGG analysis of mRNA in the ceRNA network indicated that activated pathways in TM-infected macrophages were related to immunity, inflammation and metabolism. The quantitative validation of the expression of four randomly selected differentially expressed lncRNAs, AC006252.1, AC090197.1, IL6R-AS1, LINC02009 and two mRNAs, CSF1, NR4A3 showed that the expression levels were consistent with those in the RNA-sequencing.

Conclusions
The ceRNA network related to immunity, inflammation and metabolism plays an important role in TM-macrophage interaction. This study may provide effective and novel insights for further understanding the underlying mechanism of TM infection.
Comparative Analysis of Nutrients Content and Characterization of Oil from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus)
Authors: Gadanya A. M. , Abubakar M. Y. , Maigari F. U. , Mudassir L. , Abubakar S. M. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) belong to the family of Cyperaceae and the order of Commelinalis. It has been existing for more than 4,000 years ago.
Objective: To determine the nutritional composition (protein, fat, fiber, ash, moisture and carbohydrate) of nut, to extract and characterize oil from varieties of tiger nuts, to determine the mineral elements presence in the nut.
Study Design: A descriptive research design was adopted by this study to determine the nutritional composition (protein, fat, fiber, ash, moisture and carbohydrate) of nut, to extract and characterize oil from varieties of tiger nuts and to determine the mineral elements presence in the nut.
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted at Biochemistry Department, Bayero University Kano, between April, 2019 to September, 2019.
Methods: The Proximate compositions were determined using the method describe by Association of official analytical chemist’s, while Carbohydrate were determined by difference. The physicochemical properties were determined using the method describe by American oil Chemist’s society and Mineral composition were determined.
Results: The proximate composition of the yellow variety was moisture (9.48%), ash (2.07%), fat (33.5%), protein (6.11%), crude fibre (17.5%) and carbohydrate (31.2%). Corresponding values of the brown variety was moisture (9.62%), ash (2.76%), fat (34.2%), protein (6.93%), crude fibre (15.3%) and carbohydrate (30.9%) respectively. The extracted oil has a golden colour and a nutty taste. The saponification, acid, peroxide, iodine and free fatty acid values of the yellow variety were found to be 210.8±4.28, 3.17±0.64, 1.00±0.52, 78.7±13.1 and 0.40±0.21 and the saponification, acid, peroxide, iodine and free fatty acid values of the yellow variety were also found to be 212.2±4.92, 3.36±0.56, 1.06±0.75, 76.5±14.6 and 0.42±0.04 and was not significantly (P> 0.05) different between th yellow and brown varieties respectively. The mineral element (mg/100g) of the brown variety is Mg 133.67, P 527.33, K 957.67, Ca 394, Cu 2.0 and Fe 1.86. Corresponding values for the yellow variety are Mg 118.13, P 159.61, K 384.33, Ca 152, Cu 2.0 and Fe 1.04. Lead and Cadmium were not detected in both varieties.
Conclusion: These results indicate that tiger nut tuber oil could be a good source of edible oil, highly nutritive and can provide a lot of energy like some starchy food.
In –Vitro Assessment of Probiotic Attributes of Propionibacterium freudenreichii Isolated from Dairy Cheese
Authors: Kumar K. Harish , Suvarna V. C. , Sarvani B. H. , Abhishek R. U. , Anil Veena S. 
Published: January 2021

Dairy propionibacteria possess innumerable advantages as probiotics, in food preservation and vitamin production. Propionibacterium freudenreichii is one among them and is known to produce cyanocobalamine (Vitamin B12) in stable quantities. Deficiency of Vitamin B12 is a major health issue among vegetarians and vegans making it a global concern. Hence, an attempt has been made to isolate Propionibacterium from dairy products. Propionibacterium isolates were enumerated by employing standard dilution plate count technique using yeast extract lactone agar (YELA). Gram’s reaction, pigmentation, catalase test, endospore production, nitrate reduction, gas production, fermentation of sucrose and maltose were performed to eliminate non-propionibacteria during isolation. Isolates that tested Gram positive, pigmented, catalase positive, non-endospore formation and could ferment sucrose as well as maltose were further used for identification by 16S rRNA sequencing. One isolate was confirmed to be Propionibacterium freudenreichii (PF) as identified by 16s rRNA gene amplification and Sanger’s sequencing. The confirmed isolate was subjected to various tests to check for its probiotic attributes. Haemolysis activity was tested to ensure non-pathogenicity using blood agar medium and isolate was found to be non-pathogenic. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolate was studied using currently prescribed seven antibiotics representing activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The isolate was found sensitive for all the seven antibiotics tested. The isolate was able to tolerate the pH till 2 and sustain by exhibiting minimal growth at 2.0 g L-1 of bile salts. Results reveal that PF, isolated native culture from cheese, proved to possess attributes for probiotic agent under in -vitro conditions.
Performance of Some Bivoltine Silkworm,Bombyx mori L. Hybrids during Summer
Authors: Nazim Naveena , Bhat Shabir Ahmad , Baqual M. F. , Mir Shakeel Ahmad 
Published: January 2021

Aim: The present study was aimed to find out the robust hybrid during summer season under temperate climatic conditions.
Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD).
Place and Duration of Study: College of Temperate Sericulture (CoTS) Mirgund, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), in the year 2014.
Methodology: The disease free layings (dfl’s) of the selected hybrids viz., SK31× SK13, SK6 × SK13 and CSR18× CSR19 were obtained from the Germplasm Bank maintained at College of Temperate Sericulture (CoTS) Mirgund, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, of Kashmir (SKUAST-K). Thesedfl’s were incubated, brushed and reared up to 3rd instar en masse following the standard rearing procedure. Just after 3rdmoult, 3 replications of 100 larvae in each treatment were maintained. Cocoon and post cocoon parameters viz, pupation rate, single cocoon weight, single shell weight, shell ratio, raw silk, denier and leaf cocoon ratio were calculated and recorded during the course of experimentation.
Results: No significant difference was recorded in pupation rate among the hybrids. H1 hybrid was found significantly superior over H2 and H3 for single cocoon and shell weight with mean value as 1.957 and 0.406 respectively. On the other hand influence of hybrids over shell ratio remained non significant. The performance of silkworm hybrids with respect to raw silk was recorded higher in H1 (17.98%) followed by H2 (17.96%) and H3 (17.93%), while the fine denier of 2.86 d was reported in H3 followed by H1 (2.94d) and H2 (3.01d). Leaf cocoon ratio was recorded lower in H1with mean value as 15.16 /100 dfl’s.
Conclusion: Significant differences among the hybrids were observed, but no hybrid performed better in all traits studied, however in maximum traits SK31× SK13, seems to be superior to the other two studied hybrids.