bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on the cyst stage of Naegleria fowleri in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Evdokiou Anna , Marciano‐Cabral Francine , Jamerson Melissa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNaegleria fowleri is a pathogenic, free‐living amoeba that causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a highly fatal disease of the central nervous system. N. fowleri demonstrates three forms: the trophozoite, flagellate, and cyst. Most studies have focused on the trophozoite limiting information on the cyst. The present study examined the ability of cysts to attach to, excyst into the trophozoite form, and destroy cell cultures. Additionally, the study assessed the ability of cysts to cause PAM in a murine model. The results demonstrated that exposure to cysts and transformation into trophozoites resulted in destruction of cell cultures. Specifically, the mixed glial cells exhibited an increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release compared with cells without cyst exposure. On day eight postexposure, there was a nearly fourfold increase in LDH. The cysts of N. fowleri were shown not to be infective in vivo in a murine model. The mediation of the encystment process by the intracellular concentration of cAMP was also investigated. Trophozoites were treated with dipyridamole, an inhibitor of cAMP‐specific phosphodiesterases. Dipyridamole increased the rate of encystment by nearly twofold and increased the intracellular concentration of cAMP in cysts by nearly sixfold throughout this period suggesting that cAMP is a mediator of encystment for N. fowleri.
Efficacy of 2940 nm Multifractional Er: YAG Lasers in Self‐inflicted Razor Blade Incision Scars
Authors: Cenk Hulya , Sarac Gulbahar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundDeliberate self‐harm (DSH) can be defined as self‐inflicted injury without an intention to suicide, and it may result in scar formation with a particular shape.AimsThere is no treatment algorithm for DSH scars, nor is there a gold standard for the treatment of hypertrophic scars. Therefore, we aimed to share our experience with Er: YAG laser treatment of self‐inflicted razor blade incision scars.Patients/MethodsThe study involved 18 patients with DSH scars treated with fractional ablative Er: YAG laser (MCL 31 Asclepion laser Technologies) between 2017 and 2020, with the parameters of 40 J/cm2, 300 µs, and 4 Hz. The sessions were repeated by increasing 10 joules in every session with 4‐week intervals until reaching a maximum of 80 joules.The patients were evaluated retrospectively by two different dermatologists in terms of scar improvement over digital photographs taken before and 4 weeks after the treatment. Evaluations have been made based on a 4‐point score (0:no change, 1:1%–25% mild, 2:26%–50% moderate, 3:51%–75% well, and 4:76%–100% excellent improvement).ResultsAfter the third session, 90.9% of the patients showed a moderate improvement. After the fourth session, only 27.2% of the patients had a good, and 63.2% of the patients had a moderate improvement rate.ConclusionsEr: YAG laser is a safe and effective treatment method for the hypertrophic scars induced by razor blades. Also, we believe that combined treatments with other treatment modalities will provide better results in DSH scars.
Association of androgenetic alopecia and severity of coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Ghafoor Rabia , Ali Syeda Mahanum , Patil Anant , Goldust Mohamad 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the association of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).DesignObservational study.MethodologyA total of 300 hospitalized patients of COVID‐19 were included. Scoring of AGA was done, and severity of COVID‐19 was measured as better and worse hospital outcomes. Correlation between severity of AGA and severity of COVID‐19 was noted.ResultsOut of 300 patients, 220 (73.33%) were male and 80 (26.67%) were female. In males, mild‐to‐moderate Hamilton‐Norwood scale (HNS<3) and severe alopecia (HNS3‐7) were noted among 43(20%) and 177(80.55%) patients, respectively. In females, 43(54%) had no AGA while 37(46%) had AGA. In 37 females with AGA, mild‐to‐moderate (Ludwig scale <2) and severe alopecia (Ludwig scale 2–3) were seen in 9(24.32%) and 28(75.68%) patients, respectively. We report a significant increase in frequency (95%) and severity of AGA and worse outcomes in males (p‐value 0.000, chi‐square: 18.90) compared with females (46%) (p‐value 0.273, chi‐square: 7.544), with notable adverse COVID‐19 disease outcomes in the younger age group of men and also in few women of younger age group suffering from AGA without any comorbidities.ConclusionOur study shows a significant increase in frequency and severity of AGA and worse outcomes in men compared with women. There was a significant association between AGA severity and hospital disease outcome in men compared with women. Younger age group patients with severe AGA particularly men also faced adverse outcomes while having no known comorbidities, supporting the hypothesis that anti‐androgen drugs might be valuable in patients of COVID‐19.
Movement patterns within an urban population of fire salamanders highlight the importance of conserving small habitat patches
Authors: Kiss I. , Vörös J. , Hamer A.J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMovement is an ecological process that affects individual fitness and population dynamics of species. Understanding movement patterns is crucial for the effective conservation of amphibian populations isolated by urban development. Here, we conducted a capture–recapture study over 6 years in a population of the fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra) inhabiting a 7.3‐ha patch of forest and disturbed land‐use types in an urbanised catchment north‐west of Budapest, Hungary. We investigated relationships between movement distances and environmental, spatial and demographic parameters in order to understand how this species is able to persist in a relatively small and isolated habitat patch. We found that most movement was aggregated around a permanent stream and that movement distances were generally ≤200 m, with maximum distances of 925 and 707 m for males and females, respectively. Movement patterns within the population were best modelled using a negative exponential function characterised by infrequent long‐distance movement. Males had substantially larger home range sizes than females and were predicted to have larger movement distances. Mean movement distances were predicted to be larger in disturbed areas in the upper stream catchment which included residential areas, compared with smaller movements in more natural forest near the stream. There was a positive relationship between mean movement distance and body condition. Our results suggest that this local population persists in a relatively small habitat patch because it provides a stable breeding site and suitable foraging and shelter microhabitats. Conservation of the local population requires protection of the structure, connectivity and quality of forest and stream habitats, and preventing urban development in the surrounding catchment.
Case of cortical superficial siderosis presenting with corticobasal syndrome
Authors: Miyazawa Naotaka , Hasegawa Itsuki , Mino Toshikazu , Takeda Akitoshi , Hatsuta Hiroyuki , Yoshizaki Takahito , Takao Masaki , Itoh Yoshiaki 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA 70‐year‐old man presented with slow gait and a clumsy hand on the right side. Neurological examination revealed dystonia and ideomotor apraxia in the right hand. A mask‐like face, rigidity in the right arm, and shuffling gait were noticed. Treatment with L‐dopa had no effect. He was clinically diagnosed with corticobasal syndrome (CBS). Susceptibility‐weighted images of brain magnetic resonance imaging showed low‐intensity areas on the surface of the cerebral cortex, especially on the left parietal lobe, brain stem, and cerebellum, indicating superficial siderosis (SS). Neuropathological examination revealed diffuse hemosiderin deposition over the surface of the brain, including the left parietal lobe. Cerebellar hemorrhage with rupture to the subarachnoid space was noticed. Cortical SS should, therefore, be included in the differential diagnosis of CBS.
De novo chromosome‐level genome of a semi‐dwarf cultivar of Prunus persica identifies the aquaporin PpTIP2 as responsible for temperature‐sensitive semi‐dwarf trait and PpB3‐1 for flower type and size
Authors: Lian Xiaodong , Zhang Haipeng , Jiang Chao , Gao Fan , Yan Liu , Zheng Xianbo , Cheng Jun , Wang Wei , Wang Xiaobei , Ye Xia , Li Jidong , Zhang Langlang , Li Zhiqian , Tan Bin , Feng Jiancan 
Published: December 2021

SummaryPeach (Prunus persica) is one of the most important fruit crops globally, but its cultivation can be hindered by large tree size. ‘Zhongyoutao 14’ (CN14) is a temperature‐sensitive semi‐dwarf (TSSD) cultivar which might be useful as breeding stock. The genome of CN14 was sequenced and assembled de novo using single‐molecule real‐time sequencing and chromosome conformation capture assembly. A high‐quality genome was assembled and annotated, with 228.82 Mb mapped to eight chromosomes. Eighty‐six re‐sequenced F1 individuals and 334 previously re‐sequenced accessions were used to identify candidate genes controlling TSSD and flower type and size. An aquaporin tonoplast intrinsic protein (PpTIP2) was a strong candidate gene for control of TSSD. Sequence variations in the upstream regulatory region of PpTIP2 correlated with different transcriptional activity at different temperatures. PpB3‐1, a candidate gene for flower type (SH) and flower size, contributed to petal development and promoted petal enlargement. The locus of another 12 agronomic traits was identified through genome‐wide association study. Most of these loci exhibited consistent and precise association signals, except for flesh texture and flesh adhesion. A 6015‐bp insertion in exon 3 and a 26‐bp insertion upstream of PpMYB25 were associated with fruit hairless. Along with a 70.5‐Kb gap at the F‐M locus in CN14, another two new alleles were identified in peach accessions. Our findings will not only promote genomic research and agronomic breeding in peach but also provide a foundation for the peach pan‐genome.
Transition in cardiology 2: Maternal and fetal congenital heart disease
Authors: Nagata Hazumu , Yamamura Kenichiro , Matsuoka Ryohei , Kato Kiyoko , Ohga Shouichi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe number of women with congenital heart disease (CHD) reaching reproductive age has been increasing. Many women with CHDs are desirous of pregnancy, but they face issues regarding preconception, antepartum, and postpartum management. On the other hand, the fetal diagnosis of CHD has improved with advances in the technique and equipment for fetal echocardiography. Recently, experiences with fetal intervention have been reported in patients with severe CHD, such as critical aortic stenosis. Nevertheless, some types of CHD are challenge to diagnose prenatally, resulting in adverse outcomes. Medical care is part of the transitional care for women and fetuses with CHD during the perinatal period. Pre‐conceptional and prenatal counseling play an important role in transitional care. Sex and reproductive education need to be performed as early as possible. We herein review the current status, important issues to be resolved, and the future of maternal and fetal CHD to relevant caregivers.
What do we know about opportunities and challenges for localities from Cannabis legalization?
Authors: Kavousi Parisa , Giamo Taylor , Arnold Gwen , Alliende Mateo , Huynh Elisabeth , Lea Jaclyn , Lucine Rachel , Tillett Miller Alexandria , Webre Alana , Yee Aneka , Champagne‐Zamora Adrianna , Taylor Keith 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis review article assays the scholarly and popular press literature on the opportunities and challenges the growing legalized cannabis industry offers U.S. local governments and communities. Localities are an important focus because in many states with legalized cannabis, local jurisdictions have authority to prevent or condition its cultivation, sale, and use. Opportunities potentially flowing to localities from legalization include increased tax revenues and land values, business expansion, and increased employment; public health and safety benefits; and the potential for legalization to advance social and racial inclusion. Challenges include the possibility that economic benefits will be more limited than anticipated; complex regulatory environments facing local governments and cannabis businesses, possible increases in pollution, blight, and public health and safety concerns; and less advancement of social and racial equity than hoped by advocates. We offer recommendations for scholars investigating cannabis governance concerns and practitioners directly grappling with them.
A common celiacomesenteric trunk is a rare anatomic variant in dogs
Authors: Smith Kaitlin , Hecht Silke , Lux Cassie , Sun Xiaocun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWith the increasing use of CT and MRI for diagnostic imaging and planning of interventional procedures, it is important for veterinary radiologists to be familiar with variations in normal vascular anatomy and not mistake them for pathology. The arterial blood supply to the cranial abdominal viscera is provided by the celiac and the cranial mesenteric arteries. A common celiacomesenteric trunk (CMT) has been reported as a rare anatomical variant in dogs. The goals of this retrospective, observational, cross‐sectional prevalence study were to determine the prevalence of a CMT in dogs with non‐abdominal disease and compare it to the prevalence in dogs with portosystemic shunts (PSS). Magnetic resonance imaging studies of the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral spine in dogs that included the origin of the celiac and cranial mesenteric arteries and dual‐phase CT angiography studies of the abdomen in dogs with portosystemic shunts were retrospectively reviewed by a veterinary student and a board‐certified veterinary radiologist. The prevalence of a CMT was determined as the proportion of dogs diagnosed with this vascular anomaly in the MRI and CT group, respectively. Fisher's exact test was used to determine any association of a CMT with the concurrent presence of a PSS, sex, and breed size. A CMT was identified in seven of 606 (1.2%) MRI studies and in none of 47 abdominal CT studies. There was no association between the presence of a CMT and PSS (P = 1.000), sex (P = .4694), or breed size (P = 1.000). A CMT is a rare incidental finding in dogs.
Lithium-Ion Power Battery Grouping: A Multisource Data Fusion-Based Clustering Approach and Distributed Deployment
Authors: Wang Yudong , Bai Xiwei , Liu Chengbao , Tan Jie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Consistence of lithium-ion power battery significantly affects the life and safety of battery modules and packs. To improve the consistence, battery grouping is employed, assembling batteries with similar electrochemical characteristics to make up modules and packs. Therefore, grouping process boils down to unsupervised clustering problem. Current used grouping approaches include two aspects, static characteristics based and dynamic based. However, there are three problems. First, the common problem is under utilization of multi-source data. Second, for the static characteristics based, there is grouping failure over time. Third, for the dynamic characteristics based, there is high computational complexity. To solve these problems, we propose a distributed multisource data fusion based battery grouping approach. The proposed approach designs an effective network structure for multisource data fusing and feature extracting from both static and dynamic multisource data. We apply our approach on real battery modules and record state of health (SOH) during charging-discharging cycles. Experiments indicate that the proposed approach can increase SOH of modules by 3.89% and reduce the inconsistence by 68.4%. Meanwhile, with the distributed deployment the time cost is reduced by 87.9% than the centralized scheme.
Feasibility Study of Long-Term Dual Tank Photovoltaic/Thermal Indirect Parallel Solar-Assisted Heat Pump Systems
Authors: Taoufik Brahim , Abdelmajid Jemni 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A novel dual tank photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) indirect parallel solar-assisted heat pump system was investigated in this paper, which filled a gap in the literature. Furthermore, a long-term performance study analysis was performed under Tunisian climate to offset domestic electric and hot water loads. Optimal operations of such a system are achieved based on a simplified mathematical model. Results showed that the average thermal and electric energy efficiency is about 39.65% and 11.38%, respectively. Results revealed that the increase in solar radiation results in an improvement of the system's thermal-based coefficient of performance efficiency coefficient reaching 4.49 at 893 W/m2. PV/T average electrical energy output is found to 0.68 kW h/m2/day with an annual average of 177.42 kW h/m2, which leads to an annual electricity surplus of about 5.83%. A reversible heat pump operation seemed more advantageous especially in the summer months, reducing yearly electric demand by about 84.57%. An economic analysis is undertaken and a payback period of about 12.7 years is found. The current study provided a framework for assessing such a system's behavior and providing useful flexibility to achieve the best possible system performance.
Moving Through COVID-19: Perspectives of Older Adults in the Getting Older Adults Outdoors Study
Authors: Kokorelias Kristina Marie , Ripat Jacquie , Jones C. Allyson , Mayo Nancy E. , Salbach Nancy M. , Barclay Ruth 
Published: December 2021

Safety guidelines resulting from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic may reduce physical activity participation of older adults, particularly prefrail and frail individuals. The objective was to explore older adults’ experiences with physical activity during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, interviews were conducted with 16 older adults. Data were analyzed thematically. Two themes emerged: (a) coming to a standstill and (b) small steps. Participants described that imposed provincial and federal recommendations caused them to reduce their physical activity with negative consequences. As time progressed, participants used emerging public health knowledge about coronavirus disease 2019 to safely increase physical activity. Many participants developed strategies to remain active during the pandemic (e.g., wearing a pedometer, walking outdoors at particular times of day). Findings from this study can better inform the development of programs, clinical practice, and policy for physical activity promotion in older adults during periods of physical distancing and isolation.
LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and geochemical characterization of oil inclusion-bearing calcite cements: Constraints on primary oil migration in lacustrine mudstone source rocks
Authors: Su Ao , Chen Honghan , Feng Yue-xing , Zhao Jian-xin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To date, few isotope age constraints on primary oil migration have been reported. Here we present U-Pb dating and characterization of two fracture-filling, oil inclusion-bearing calcite veins hosted in the Paleocene siliciclastic mudstone source rocks in Subei Basin, China. Deposition age of the mudstone formation was estimated to be ca. 60.2–58.0 Ma. The first vein consists of two major phases: a microcrystalline-granular (MG) calcite phase, and a blocky calcite phase, each showing distinctive petrographic features, rare earth element patterns, and carbon and oxygen isotope compositions. The early MG phase resulted from local mobilization of host carbonates, likely associated with disequilibrium compaction over-pressuring or tectonic extension, whereas the late-filling blocky calcite phase was derived from overpressured oil-bearing fluids with enhanced fluid-rock interactions. Vein texture and fluorescence characteristics reveal at least two oil expulsion events, the former represented by multiple bitumen veinlets postdating the MG calcite generation, and the latter marked by blue-fluorescing primary oil inclusions synchronous with the blocky calcite cementation. The MG calcite yields a laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry U-Pb age of 55.6 ± 1.4 Ma, constraining the earliest timing of the early oil migration event. The blocky calcite gives a younger U-Pb age of 47.8 ± 2.3 Ma, analytically indistinguishable from the U-Pb age of 46.5 ± 1.7 Ma yielded by the second calcite vein. These two ages define the time of the late oil migration event, agreeing well with the age estimate of 49.7–45.2 Ma inferred from fluid-inclusion homogenization temperature and published burial models. Thermodynamic modeling shows that the oil inclusions were trapped at ~27.0–40.9 MPa, exceeding corresponding hydrostatic pressures (23.1–26.7 MPa), confirming mild-moderate overpressure created by oil generation-expulsion. This integrated study combining carbonate U-Pb dating and fluid-inclusion characterization provides a new approach for reconstructing pressure-temperature-composition-time points in petroleum systems.
Genetic Variability and the Potential Range of Darevskia rostombekowi in Transcaucasia
Authors: Osipov F. A. , Vergun A. A. , Arakelyan M. S. , Petrosyan R. K. , Dergunova N. N. , Neymark L. A. , Petrosyan V. G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract—
The results of the analysis of the genetic variability of parthenogenetic Darevskia rostombekowi (Darevsky, 1957) species using four microsatellite-containing loci are presented. Based on 118 records with geographical coordinates of the presence of this species in Transcaucasia, the maps of potential range were created. The analysis of the genetic structure of populations demonstrated that despite the established multiclonality (seven clonal lines in four populations), D. rostombekowi was formed as a result of a single act of hybridization between closely related bisexual species. The predicted distribution of D. rostombekowi using the modelling of potential range revealed new suitable habitats, where the presence of the species has not been reported previously. The results of this study and the absence of multiple acts of hybridization during the formation of these clones may indicate a regression of population size of the species. Consequently, the estimation of the conservation status of this parthenogenetic species seems to be justified.