bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and management of cerebrovascular diseases
Authors: Zaki El-Dine Hany M , Abbas Yasser A , Elewa Mohammad K , Farag Sherien M , Mohamad Khaled E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Intracranial atherosclerosis, one of the leading causes of ischemic stroke, is associated with an increased risk for recurrent stroke and dementia.

Objective
This work was carried out to assess suspicious lesions detected by Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) and Computed Tomgraphy Angiography (CTA) for further evaluation by vessel wall MRI .

Patients and methods
This study was conducted on 16 patients who were admitted to Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital with establilished diagnosis of stroke (11 patients with intracranial atherosclerosis, 3 patients with CNS vasculitis and 2 patients with Moya-moya disease ) performing MRI brain including magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) that showed intracranial stenosis, who then referred to Misr Radiology Center for the evaluation of intracranial vasculopathies by vessel wall MR Imaging using 3.0-tesla (T) field strengths.

Results
The results showed statistically significant difference between groups as regard to significant intracranial stenosis (&gt;50%). It was prominent among moya moya disease group (100.0%) followed by intracranial atherosclerotic groups (81.8%), whereas CNS vasculitis group shows mild intracranial stenosis (0.0%).

Conclusion
Intracranial vessel wall MR imaging is an adjunct to conventional angiographic imaging
Usefulness of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) in Evaluating Response to Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Abdelwahab Sherif Ahmed , Salem Dina Ahmed , Elmaraghi Caroline Magued , Hassan Alaa Naguib Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Lung cancer represents the top cause of death and the most common cancer worldwide. In the United States, lung cancer is the second most common cancer accounts for 12.9% of new cancer diagnoses and 27.4 of all cancer deaths. Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents up to 80% of all lung cancers which divided into two major types: squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and nonsquamous cell carcinoma (NSCC, including adenocarcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, and other subtypes).

Aim of the Work
To assess the correlation between CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) levels and response to platinum-based chemotherapy assessed by RECIST criteria of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Patients and Methods
This is a prospective study conducted between November 2018 and July 2019, 30 consecutive patients with advanced NSCLC previously treated with at least one line of chemotherapy were prospectively enrolled in thoracic malignancies department in Ain-Shams university hospital and Ismailia Teaching Oncology Hospital. The study was approved by the ethics committee at the faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University.

Results
In our study we evaluated response by CTs according to RECIST criteria and considered patients with clinical response (PR and SD) as responders and patients with PD as non-responders.

Conclusion
Our study found correlation between CEA and radiological response and patients with CEA reduction equal or more than 18.5% have objective response to treatment with Sensitivity and specificity 66.67% and 85.71% respectively.
A Comparative Study of Epidemiology, Clinicopathologic Features and Outcome of Colorectal Cancer Patients between Ain Shams University Hospitals and Luxor International Hospital
Authors: Kamel Tarek Hussein , Farag Amr Lotfy , Ahmed Dr/Sherif Hassanin , Hanna Chresteen Talaat Samy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. It is the third most common malignancy after lung & breast and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for approximately 1,400,000 new cases and about 700,000 deaths worldwide.

Objectives
The aim of this retrospective study is to compare the epidemiology, clinicopathologic features, different treatment modalities and outcomes regarding disease free survival (DFS), progression free survival (PFS) & overall survival (OS) of colorectal cancer disease between cases presented to Ain shams university hospital & to Luxor international hospital in 3 consecutive years.

Patients and Methods
The study is retrospective comparative study. Clinical oncology department in Ain Shams University Hospital and Luxor International Hospital. The data Collected from January 2013 to December 2015. This study analyzed hospital records of patients who diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) and allocated into two groups: Group A: CRC patients presented to Ain-Shams University Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015, group B: CRC patients presented to Luxor International Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference regarding age parameter in LIH when compared to ASU, but the study was consistent with higher incidence in patients who were aged more than forty- accounted about 70.5% in all CRC cases. Cases less than 40 years old, in group A were 35.2%, while in Group B were 23.5%. Even there was no statistically significant difference but it may be attributable to more westernization in Lower Egypt. Other explanation may be due to decreased low socioeconomic status and different lifestyle factors in more developing region what increase risk of colorectal cancer. Among our cases, there is no statistically significant difference regarding gender between the two hospitals. Both sexes almost were affected equally, females appeared to be at a slightly higher risk of developing CRC cancer with current prevalence 1.3:1 in ASU group, and 1.1:1 in LIH group.

Conclusion
The need to increase awareness about CRC in Egypt especially upper Egypt, is recommended. An awareness campaign should be performed to promote detection of CRC at its earliest and most curable stage by recognizing early symptoms and enabling early referrals for colonoscopy. Those at higher risk should be offered more intensive surveillance. Similarity of the data from different centers suggests that this is the picture of colorectal cancer typical of Egypt.
Retrospective Analysis of the Prognostic Factors That Influence Treatment Response and Survival of Patients with Cancer of Unknown Primary
Authors: Abdlelhafeez Zeinab , Ragab Dina , Hussien Nervana , Tabakh Fatma El – 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Cancers of unknown primary site (CUPs) are heterogeneous group of metastatic tumors for which a standardized diagnostic work-up could not recognize the site of origin at the time of diagnosis. Cancer registries around the world report the incidence of CUP in the range of 3%–5% of all malignancies, worldwide the overall age-standardized incidence per 100.000 people per year is 4–19 cases. CUP therefore ranks among the top 10 commonest malignancies. CUP occurs equally in both males and females, at average age 60 years old. Incidence of CUP in Egypt is 6.1%in males and 5.5% in females.

Aim of the Work
to retrospectively identify the prognostic factors that influence treatment outcome and survival of patients diagnosed with cancer of unknown primary treated patients at Clinical Oncology departments at Ain Shams University Hospitals (ASUH) and Helwan University Hospitals by retrospective analysis.

Patients and Methods
At the department of clinical oncology, Ain Shams University, 102 patients with cancer of unknown primary were identified in the period between January 2012 and December 2017, all patients data was collected and reviewed.
The primary end point of this study is to identify different prognostic factors that influence treatment response and OS in 102 patients with CUP in the period from January 2012 to December 2017.

Results
Patients with PS 1, with no comorbidities showed better treatment response, also Patients younger than 65year, presented with PS1, with no comorbidity had longer survival.

Conclusion
CUP has a poor prognosis. Some prognostic factors that affect response to treatment and survival in these patients, which may be identified.
Prospective Analysis of Serum HE4 as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wasly Nancy Tarek El , Abdalla Hatem , Kady Mohamed El , Moneim Waleed Abd El , Khazragy Nashwa El , Saeid Ahmad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
HE4 is expressed in most lung adenocarcinomas and in a significant number of squamous, small cell and large cell carcinomas of the lung, suggesting that it could be used as a diagnostic and/or prognostic factor to refine the standard pathologic analysis.

Methodology
Data was collected prospectively in the form of blood sample withdrawn from patients with NSCLC confirmed with pathology presented to bronchogenic clinic in Oncology department of Ain Shams University in pretreatment state & from healthy controls with matched age & sex. The Human HE4 (Epididymal Protein 4) was measured in serum samples using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], the assay was performed using Human HE4 9Epididymal protein 4) ELISA kit, cat no: EH0365 (Fine Test, Wuhan Fine Biotech Co., China).

Results
77 patients with NSCLC cases & 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Serum HE4 showed to have to a diagnostic tendency were its value in NSCLC cases was from 42 to 130 pmol/l (median= 72pmol/l). but in controls its value was from 10 to 67 pmol/l (median = 35 pmol/l), which was highly statistically significant (P = 0.001). The cut off value of serum HE4 was 60 pmol/l with sensitivity 77% & specificity 96% (95% CI 0.9-1). Serum HE4 showed to be a poor prognostic marker to OS with statistically significant difference were those with pretreatment serum HE4&lt; 72 pmol/l mean survival time 17.6 months in comparison to the group with pretreatment serum HE4 &gt; 72pmol/l mean survival time 13.2 months (p = 0.02).

Conclusion
There is a negative correlation between Serum HE4 in NSCLC & overall survival, the highest the serum level the shortest the survival. This result can present serum HE4 as a novel prognostic & probably diagnostic marker for NSCLC.
Serum Level of Parathyroid Hormone, Alkaline Phosphatase, Calcium and Ionized Calcium After Forearm Fractures
Authors: Morsi Ahmed Mohamed , Shafik Tameem Mohamed , Hassan Ahmed Kamal Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
During the last two decades, our understanding of fracture healing has evolved rapidly. Bone is one of the few body tissues that can heal without forming a fibrous scar and, as such, the process of fracture healing recapitulates bone development and may be considered a form of tissue regeneration. The complex cell and tissue proliferation and differentiation processes involved in fracture healing are regulated by growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, antioxidants, hormones, amino acids, and other nutrients. Objective: To identify changes in serum level of calcium, ionized calcium, alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone according to mode of trauma (low and high energy) in forearm fractures and their role in fracture healing.

Patients and Methods
50 Patients with forearm fracture were prospectively recruited from the Accident and Emergency Department of Trauma Surgery, El Zaitoun specialized hospital within 48 hours of sustaining the fracture. Patients included in the study were asked to avoid calcium supplementation during fracture healing.

Results
Mean PTH was elevated in both groups at Day 1 with low energy group was insignificantly higher than high energy group, whereas after 8 weeks mean PTH level decreased in both groups but in low energy group mean PTH level was significantly higher than high energy group. Mean ALP level increased in both groups at Day 1 whereas in low energy group it was insignificantly higher than that of high energy group, After 8 weeks mean ALP level insignificantly decreased to normal level in both groups. Mean serum calcium level was below normal level in both groups where it was insignificantly higher in high energy group than that of low energy group which increased after 8 weeks in both groups but remained elevated in high energy than low energy group. Mean serum ionized calcium level was below normal level at Day 1 in both groups whereas it was insignificantly higher in high energy group than low energy group which after 8 weeks increased in both groups but remained elevated in high energy group than low energy group.

Conclusion
Serial monitoring of these physiological markers reflect the actual status of bone resorption, and bone formation respectively over a short period. Thus, they can be used as an adjunct to clinical and radiological evidence of fracture healing.
Early Complications of using Dual Mobility Cup in Total Hip Arthroplasty. A Systematic Review
Authors: Mahmoud Amr Khairy , Mansour Saleh Gameel , Anis Ibrahim Barsoum 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is considered one of the most successful surgical procedures providing pain relief and improvement of function in patients with end-stage hip arthritis that does not respond to non-operative treatments. As health care continues to improve and life expectancy increases, the demand for total joint replacement will grow to reflect this more active, aging population.

Objectives
This study aims to review early complications of dual mobility cup arthroplasty. The objective is to perform a systematic review of early complications of dual mobility cup arthroplasty for primary and revision cases.

Methodology
Types of studies we will include randomized control trails (RCTs), controlled clinical trials, retrospective cohort studies, and we will exclude case reports, case series studies, cross sectional studies, non English studies. Search results will be conducted to systematic review management software and manually screened for eligibility to be included. PRISMA flowchart will be produced based on the search results and the inclusion/exclusion criteria. We will search the MED-LINE database, PubMed, Cochrane Bone and Muscle Trauma Group Specialized Register, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trails (The Cochrane Library) using the following keywords related to: THA, Dual mobility cup, complications, intraprosethetic dislocation.

Results
Early complication rate in dual mobility cups is significantly higher in revision cases compared to primary cases, with the exception of IPD which was significantly lower in revision cases. Early complication rate of conventional THA was significantly higher than both primary and revision dual mobility cups.

Conclusion
Dual mobility THAs are a good alternative to traditional bearing surfaces with long survivorship and low rates of instability after primary and revision THA. The rate of complications which are unique to the procedure, including intraprosthetic dislocation, is relatively low and limited mainly to earlier designs. High-quality, prospective, comparative studies are needed to further evaluate the use of dual mobility in primary and revision THA.
Arthrodesis of First Metatarsophalangeal Joint by Plate and Screws for Treatment of Hallux Rigidus (Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis)
Authors: Shazly Ossama Abdelraoof El , Abdellah Mohamed Mokhtar , Abouzaid Mostafa Abdelnabee 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
With continued loss of dorsiflexion of the 1st MTP, degenerative changes occur within the joint with severe restriction of movement and increase in pain, which leads to the condition known as hallux rigidus. The amount of dorsiflexion may be reduced to 0-10 degrees with pain on both active and passive motion.

Objectives
Systematically reviewing available evidence from published articles to assess the effectiveness of arthrodesis of first metatarsophalangeal joint by plate and screws in hallux rigidus. The assessment also would encompass safety, side effects, and complications of this mode of treatment.

Materials and Methods
We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) statement. PRISMA and MOOSE are reporting checklists for Authors, Editors, and Reviewers of Meta-analyses of interventional and observational studies. According to International committee of medical journal association (ICJME), reviewers must report their findings according to each of the items listed in those checklists.

Results
Previous results for arthrodesis have been favourable with a union rate of almost 96%. In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, the overall effect estimates showed that the union rates after plate and screw arthrodesis for 1st MTPJ was 96.2% (95% CI 94 – 98.4%). In addition, the overall effect estimates showed that the non-union rates after plate and screw arthrodesis for 1st MTPJ was 4.2% (95% CI 2.4 – 6.1%). Moreover, the overall effect estimates showed that the satisfaction rates after plate and screw arthrodesis for 1st MTPJ was 94.5% (95% CI 90 – 99%). In the present study, the overall effect estimates showed that the overall complications rate after plate and screw arthrodesis for 1st MTPJ was 7.2% (95% CI 2.5 – 12%). The overall effect estimates showed that the malunion rates after plate and screw arthrodesis for 1st MTPJ was 2.7% (95% CI 0 – 6.4%). Additionally, the overall effect estimates showed that the hardware removal and superficial infection rates after plate and screw arthrodesis for 1st MTPJ were 2% and 2.9%, respectively.

Conclusion
Our analysis showed that plate and screws fixation is effective techniques that can be used for first MTPJ arthrodesis in patients with hallux rigidus. We found that the screw and plate fixation has a significantly lower rate of nonunion compared with the screw alone, as reported by the literature. However, owing to the small group sizes and methodologic shortcomings, we were unable to identify the clinically superior fixation technique for first MTPJ arthrodesis arthrodesis.
Surgical Modalities versus Conservative Treatment for Acute Injuries of Lateral Ligament of Ankle
Authors: Elbeltagy Atef Mohamed Fathy , Ashoub Mostafa Mamdouh Abdelrahman , Ahmed Shady Saleh Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Acute ankle sprain is a very common injury which comprises 80% of all ankle injuries. Acute ankle sprain affects almost exclusively the lateral ligamentous complex including ATFL followed by CFL, while PTFL is rarely of clinical significance.

Objective
To study the clinical trials in a Meta-analytical form, in order to compare surgical versus conservative treatments for the management of acute injuries of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle.

Materials and Methods
We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) statements. PRISMA and MOOSE are reporting checklists for Authors, Editors, and Reviewers of Meta-analyses of interventional and observational studies.

Results
In the present study, we searched Medline via PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from their inception till April 2019. The search retrieved 702 unique records. We then retained 48 potentially eligible records for full-texts screening. Finally, 14 studies (Total No. of patients=1896) were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis Conclusion: Starting a physiotherapy programme as early as possible is essential to control pain and swelling, to improve and maintain the range of motion, and to minimize the risk of stiffness and muscle wasting, which are the two decisive factors which delay patients from returning to their normal activities. Regardless of severity, surgery for acute ankle sprain is not recommended anymore.
Outcomes of Using Different Generations of Telescopic Intramedullary Nails in Lower Limbs in Management of Osteogenesis Imperfecta Patients. A Systematic Review
Authors: Ghaly Nabil AbdEl-Moneem , Ahmed Ahmed Rayan , Wafa Tarik Abdelrahman 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a group of heterogeneous disorders with a common characteristic of congenital bone fragility caused by mutations in genes encoding procollagen type I. (COL1A1 and COL1A2).

Objectives
This study aims to review the outcomes of the use of different generations of telescopic intramedullary nails in lower limbs for management of children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and evaluate the functional outcomes of them.

Patients and Methods
Methodology: Criteria for considering studies for this review, types of studies: we will include: case series studies, retrospective cohort studies and we will exclude: case reports, cross sectional studies, non English studies. Search results will be conducted to systematic review management software and manually screened for eligibility to be included. PRISMA flowchart will be produced based on the search results and the inclusion/ exclusion criteria.

Results
One of the highest complications that have been very challenging for the orthopedic surgeons is migration and displacement of the telescopic intramedullary nails and FassierDuval nail has showed to have the lowest migration and displacement incidence rate (10.3%) which was clinically significant according to our statistics which supports the previous literature. On the other hand according to our statistics we found that there is no statistical significance in the cortical perforation of the telescopic nails between the different generations despite it might have been thought before that Bailey-Dubow nail has higher cortical perforation rate as the P value = 0.413. Post operative fractures and telescopic nail bending have shown no statistical significance according to our statistics which differ from each study when taken separately with P value = 0.252 and P value = 0.059 respectively. For the bending results we think that more studies are needed to increase the number of patients as it might show statistical significance according to its P value.

Conclusion
Fassier-Duval telescopic nail has good outcomes with the least complication rates and a promising generation of telescopic nail but needs a multicenter randomized control trials to conduct a level I evidence based on meta-analysis.