bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing whether implicit emotion regulation mediates the association between discrimination and symptoms of psychopathology in late childhood: An RDoC perspective
Authors: Vargas T.G. , Mittal V.A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDiscrimination has been associated with adverse mental health outcomes, though it is unclear how early in life this association becomes apparent. Implicit emotion regulation, developing during childhood, is a foundational skill tied to a range of outcomes. Implicit emotion regulation has yet to be tested as an associated process for mental illness symptoms that can often emerge during this sensitive developmental period. Youth aged 9–11 were recruited for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Associations between psychotic-like experiences, depressive symptoms, and total discrimination (due to race, ethnicity, nationality, weight, or sexual minority status) were tested, as well as associations with implicit emotion regulation measures (emotional updating working memory and inhibitory control). Analyses examined whether associations with symptoms were mediated by implicit emotion regulation. Discrimination related to decreased implicit emotion regulation performance, and increased endorsement of depressive symptoms and psychotic-like experiences. Emotional updating working memory performance partially mediated the association between discrimination and psychotic-like experiences, while emotional inhibitory control did not. Discrimination and implicit emotion regulation could serve as putative transdiagnostic markers of vulnerability. Results support the utility of using multiple units of analysis to improve understanding of complex emerging neurocognitive functions and developmentally sensitive periods.
Transcatheter closure of Abernethy malformation associated with interrupted inferior caval vein and other systemic venous anomalies
Authors: Shakya Samir , Saxena Anita , Ramakrishnan Sivasubramanian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAbernethy malformation is a rare entity. We report a 5-year-old boy presenting with severe pulmonary hypertension in whom Abernethy malformation and inferior caval vein interruption were diagnosed by CT angiography. In addition, the iliac veins were thrombosed with multiple venous collateral drainage. This abnormal venous anatomy caused difficulty in device closure of the Abernethy malformation, which was successfully closed using a vascular plug.
Single pulmonary valve cusp agenesis first detected by computed tomography reconstruction
Authors: Chiariello Giovanni A. , Vahdat Olivier , Bruguiere Eric , Abouliatim Issam 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present the case, with tomographic three-dimensional reconstructions, of an adult patient affected by congenital absence of one pulmonary valve cusp with completely normal morphology of the other two cusps.
Awareness of and reactions to health and environmental harms of red meat among parents in the United States
Authors: Grummon Anna H , Goodman Dina , Jaacks Lindsay M , Taillie Lindsey Smith , Chauvenet Christina A , Salvia Meg G , Rimm Eric B 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjective:Evidence of the health and environmental harms of red meat is growing, yet little is known about which harms may be most impactful to include in meat reduction messages. This study examined which harms consumers are most aware of and which most discourage them from wanting to eat red meat.Design:Within-subjects randomised experiment. Participants responded to questions about their awareness of, and perceived discouragement in response to, eight health and eight environmental harms of red meat presented in random order. Discouragement was assessed on a 1-to-5 Likert-type scale.Setting:Online survey.Participants:544 US parents.Results:A minority of participants reported awareness that red meat contributes to health harms (ranging from 8 % awareness for prostate cancer to 28 % for heart disease) or environmental harms (ranging from 13 % for water shortages and deforestation to 22 % for climate change). Among specific harms, heart disease elicited the most discouragement (mean = 2·82 out of 5), followed by early death (mean = 2·79) and plants and animals going extinct (mean = 2·75), though most harms elicited similar discouragement (range of means, 2·60–2·82). In multivariable analyses, participants who were younger, identified as Black, identified as politically liberal, had higher general perceptions that red meat is bad for health and had higher usual red meat consumption reported being more discouraged from wanting to eat red meat in response to health and environmental harms (allP< 0·05).Conclusions:Messages about a variety of health and environmental harms of red meat could inform consumers and motivate reductions in red meat consumption.
A Pragmatic Approach to Carbon Border Measures
Authors: Meyer Timothy , Tucker Todd N. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article offers the justification for a type of carbon customs union in which countries with a diverse range of high-ambition domestic climate measures would adopt a common external tariff on carbon intensive imports from countries outside the union. We explain why any pragmatic approach to carbon border measures (CBMs) is likely to create problems under prevailing interpretations of the World Trade Organization's (WTO) primary rules. Given the urgency of the climate crisis and the fact that the legality of a CBM – no matter how designed – will be a question of first impression for any WTO dispute panel, WTO consistency should take a backseat to considerations of domestic legal and political feasibility in designing a CBM. Instead of trying to fit a CBM into current understandings of WTO rules, WTO members should renegotiate WTO rules to permit a range of aggressive, but likely trade-restrictive, decarbonization measures. Having said that, we also recognize that WTO negotiations may take longer than optimal from a decarbonization standpoint. We therefore suggest an approach that would allow WTO members to take advantage of flexibilities that existing WTO rules afford.
The Composition of the South Polar Cap of Mars Derived From Orbital Data
Authors: Broquet A. , Wieczorek M. A. , Fa W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe flexure of the lithosphere under stresses imposed by the geologically young south polar cap is one of the few clues we have regarding the south polar cap composition and the present‐day thermal state of Mars. Here, we combine radar, gravity, and topography data with a flexural loading model to estimate the bulk density () and average real dielectric constant () of the south polar cap, and the elastic thickness of the lithosphere (). Given the uncertainties of the data, our results constrain to be 1,100–1,300 kg (best fit of 1,220 kg ), to be 2.5–3.4 (best fit of 3.3), and to be greater than 150 km (best fit of 360 km). Based on these results, the maximum lithospheric flexure is 770 m, and the polar cap volume could be up to 26% larger than previous estimates that did not account for lithospheric flexure. Our inferred compositions imply that the dust concentration would be at least 9 vol% if the ice content were negligible, and that the ice concentration would be more than the known 1 vol% if the dust concentration were less than 9 vol%. The 1‐ lower limit on implies a surface heat flow that is less than 23.5 mW . This lower limit is significantly less than the range of acceptable values at the north pole (330–450 km, heat flow of 11–16 mW ), and helps satisfy global thermal evolution simulations that predict hemispheric differences in surface heat flow.
Psychologists in Pediatric Palliative Care: Clinical Care Models Within the United States
Authors: Hildenbrand Aimee K. , Amaro Christina M. , Gramszlo Colette , Alderfer Melissa A. , Levy Carly , Ragsdale Lindsay , Wohlheiter Karen , Marsac Meghan L. 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To examine the roles of psychologists in delivering pediatric palliative care (PPC) services, barriers and facilitators of psychologists’ involvement in PPC, and strategies to improve psychology integration into PPC. Method: N = 131 PPC professionals (45% physicians, 26% psychologists, 12% advanced practice nurses, 17% other disciplines) employed at hospitals serving pediatric patients across the United States completed an online survey. Results: Most psychologists who provide PPC services are members of a primary team that delivers palliative care independently or in collaboration with a specialized PPC program. Psychologists provide various services within the purview of PPC, including interventions to relieve children’s psychological and physical symptoms, support patient and family decision-making, and address grief and bereavement. Psychologists also commonly provide psychosocial support for health care providers and teach, supervise, and/or mentor trainees in PPC. Findings suggest a range of interrelated factors that influence integration of psychology in PPC, including funding, billing, time, training, institutional/departmental culture, quality of interdisciplinary collaborations, extent of psychosocial provider role differentiation, and perceptions of the value of psychology services. Strategies to improve integration included addressing funding, billing, and reimbursement challenges; expanding training and developing professional competencies for psychologists in PPC; optimizing communication and collaboration between psychologists and other PPC professionals; and conducting research on the value psychologists add to PPC teams. Conclusions: Pediatric psychologists provide a variety of important services to advance holistic care for children with life-limiting conditions and their families. Additional research examining the effectiveness of different models of psychology integration in PPC is warranted. Implications for Impact Statement Pediatric psychologists are not currently recognized as core members of interdisciplinary pediatric palliative care (PPC) teams, which aim to reduce physical, psychological, social, practical, and spiritual suffering for children with chronic illnesses. However, our findings suggest that pediatric psychologists provide important services to enhance the care of children with life-limiting conditions, including psychological assessment and treatment for patients and families, support for health care staff, supervision and mentorship of trainees, and skills in conducting research. This article outlines the roles and scope of services provided by psychologists within the purview of PPC and potential strategies for improving systematic inclusion of psychologists in PPC to advance holistic care for youth with serious illness and their families.
Childhood Cancer Physical Symptom Burden and Parent Distress: The Role of Parent Rumination
Authors: Fisher Rachel S. , Perez Megan N. , Basile Nathan L. , Pepper Morgan , Gamwell Kaitlyn L. , McNall-Knapp Rene , Carter J. Carrick , Mayes Sunnye , Chaney John M. , Mullins Larry L. 
Published: July 2021

Objective: Symptom burden of children with cancer appears to contribute to parent distress, but the mechanisms of this relationship are relatively unexplored. The current cross-sectional study examined rumination (i.e., repeated focus on negative events and experiences) as a mediator of the associations between parent-report of child (a) pain or (b) nausea, and parent posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS); parent-report of child symptoms → parent rumination → parent PTSS. Methods: Caregivers (N = 40, MAge = 38.7 years, female = 87.5%, White = 67.5%) of children with cancer ( MAge = 9.4 years) were recruited at a Midwest pediatric cancer center following their child’s diagnosis ( M Months = 2.97 ± 1.98). Parents completed the PedsQL-Cancer Module, the Ruminative Response Scale, and the Impact of Events Scale—Revised. To test the hypothesized indirect effects, 2 separate regression models specifying 5,000 bias-corrected bootstrapping resamples were conducted via Hayes’ PROCESS macro. Family income served as a covariate. Results: Bootstrap regression analysis revealed that parent-report of child pain had an indirect effect on parent PTSS via parent rumination, controlling for family income, R2 = .37, ß = −.24, 95% CI [−.494, −.033]. Child nausea demonstrated an indirect effect on parent PTSS via parent rumination, controlling for family income, R2 = .36, ß = −.22, 95% CI [−.428, −.008]. Conclusions: Findings indicate that worse parent perception of child symptoms may lead to elevated parent distress through increased rumination. These results support the role of pediatric psychologists and the interdisciplinary team in alleviating parent distress through clinical management of both child physical symptoms and parent rumination. Implications for Impact Statement Parents of children with cancer may feel greater psychological distress when they see their child feeling physically ill (e.g., experiencing pain, experiencing nausea). This study indicates that 1 particular parent coping strategy, rumination (i.e., intensive negative thinking about their child’s illness), may explain how parental perceptions of pain or nausea lead to greater parental distress. Addressing child symptoms as part of palliative care is essential for the well-being of the whole family, and parents may benefit from increased involvement in the clinical symptom management process and from learning adaptive strategies for coping with cancer-related distress.
Dual-resonance enhanced quantum light-matter interactions in deterministically coupled quantum-dot-micropillars
Authors: Liu Shunfa , Wei Yuming , Li Xueshi , Yu Ying , Liu Jin , Yu Siyuan , Wang Xuehua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOptical microcavities have widely been employed to enhance either the optical excitation or the photon emission processes for boosting light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. When both the excitation and emission processes are simultaneously facilitated by the optical resonances provided by the microcavities, as referred to the dual-resonance condition in this article, the performances of many nanophotonic devices approach to the optima. In this work, we present versatile accessing of dual-resonance conditions in deterministically coupled quantum-dot (QD)-micropillars, which enables emission from neutral exciton (X)—charged exciton (CX) transition with improved single-photon purity. In addition, the rarely observed up-converted single-photon emission process is achieved under dual-resonance conditions. We further exploit the vectorial nature of the high-order cavity modes to significantly improve the excitation efficiency under the dual-resonance condition. The dual-resonance enhanced light-matter interactions in the quantum regime provide a viable path for developing integrated quantum photonic devices based on cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) effect, e.g., highly efficient quantum light sources and quantum logical gates.
Identification of pleiotropy at the gene level between psychiatric disorders and related traits
Authors: Polushina Tatiana , Banerjee Niladri , Giddaluru Sudheer , Bettella Francesco , Espeseth Thomas , Lundervold Astri J. , Djurovic Srdjan , Cichon Sven , Hoffmann Per , Nöthen Markus M. , Steen Vidar M. , Andreassen Ole A. , Le Hellard Stéphanie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMajor mental disorders are highly prevalent and make a substantial contribution to the global disease burden. It is known that mental disorders share clinical characteristics, and genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have recently provided evidence for shared genetic factors as well. Genetic overlaps are usually identified at the single-marker level. Here, we aimed to identify genetic overlaps at the gene level between 7 mental disorders (schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, major depressive disorder, anorexia nervosa, ADHD, bipolar disorder and anxiety), 8 brain morphometric traits, 2 cognitive traits (educational attainment and general cognitive function) and 9 personality traits (subjective well-being, depressive symptoms, neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness, children’s aggressive behaviour, loneliness) based on publicly available GWASs. We performed systematic conditional regression analyses to identify independent signals and select loci associated with more than one trait. We identified 48 genes containing independent markers associated with several traits (pleiotropy at the gene level). We also report 9 genes with different markers that show independent associations with single traits (allelic heterogeneity). This study demonstrates that mental disorders and related traits do show pleiotropy at the gene level as well as the single-marker level. The identification of these genes might be important for prioritizing further deep genotyping, functional studies, or drug targeting.
The requirement of mitochondrial RNA polymerase for non-small cell lung cancer cell growth
Authors: Zhou Tong , Sang Yong-Hua , Cai Shang , Xu Chun , Shi Min-hua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPOLRMT (RNA polymerase mitochondrial) is responsible for the transcription of mitochondrial genome encoding key components of oxidative phosphorylation. This process is important for cancer cell growth. The current study tested expression and potential functions of POLRMT in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). TCGA cohorts and the results from the local lung cancer tissues showed that POLRMT is overexpressed in human lung cancer tissues. In both primary human NSCLC cells and A549 cells, POLRMT silencing (by targeted lentiviral shRNAs) or knockout (through CRSIPR/Cas9 gene editing method) potently inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced apoptosis activation. On the contrast, ectopic overexpression of POLRMT using a lentiviral construct accelerated cell proliferation and migration in NSCLC cells. The mtDNA contents, mRNA levels of mitochondrial transcripts, and subunits of respiratory chain complexes, as well as S6 phosphorylation, were decreased in POLRMT-silenced or -knockout NSCLC cells, but increased after ectopic POLRMT overexpression. In vivo, intratumoral injection of POLRMT shRNA adeno-associated virus (AAV) potently inhibited NSCLC xenograft growth in severe combined immune deficiency mice. The mtDNA contents, mRNA levels of mitochondria respiratory chain complex subunits, and S6 phosphorylation were decreased in POLRMT shRNA AAV-injected NSCLC xenograft tissues. These results show that POLRMT is a novel and important oncogene required for NSCLC cell growth in vitro and in vivo.
Probing tissue transglutaminase mediated vascular smooth muscle cell aging using a novel transamidation-deficient Tgm2-C277S mouse model
Authors: Wang Huilei , Chen James , Jandu Sandeep , Melucci Sean , Savage William , Nandakumar Kavitha , Kang Sara K. , Barreto-Ortiz Sebastian , Poe Alan , Rastogi Shivam , Bauer Maria , Steppan Jochen , Santhanam Lakshmi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTissue transglutaminase (TG2), a multifunctional protein of the transglutaminase family, has putative transamidation-independent functions in aging-associated vascular stiffening and dysfunction. Developing preclinical models will be critical to fully understand the physiologic relevance of TG2’s transamidation-independent activity and to identify the specific function of TG2 for therapeutic targeting. Therefore, in this study, we harnessed CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology to introduce a mutation at cysteine 277 in the active site of the mouse Tgm2 gene. Heterozygous and homozygous Tgm2-C277S mice were phenotypically normal and were born at the expected Mendelian frequency. TG2 protein was ubiquitously expressed in the Tgm2-C277S mice at levels similar to those of wild-type (WT) mice. In the Tgm2-C277S mice, TG2 transglutaminase function was successfully obliterated, but the transamidation-independent functions ascribed to GTP, fibronectin, and integrin binding were preserved. In vitro, a remodeling stimulus led to the significant loss of vascular compliance in WT mice, but not in the Tgm2-C277S or TG2−/− mice. Vascular stiffness increased with age in WT mice, as measured by pulse-wave velocity and tensile testing. Tgm2-C277S mice were protected from age-associated vascular stiffening, and TG2 knockout yielded further protection. Together, these studies show that TG2 contributes significantly to overall vascular modulus and vasoreactivity independent of its transamidation function, but that transamidation activity is a significant cause of vascular matrix stiffening during aging. Finally, the Tgm2-C277S mice can be used for in vivo studies to explore the transamidation-independent roles of TG2 in physiology and pathophysiology.
A novel chemical inhibitor suppresses breast cancer cell growth and metastasis through inhibiting HPIP oncoprotein
Authors: Li Pengyun , Cao Shengjie , Huang Yubing , Zhang Yanan , Liu Jie , Cai Xu , Zhou Lulu , Li Jianbin , Jiang Zefei , Ding Lihua , Zheng Zhibing , Li Song , Ye Qinong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests the pivotal role of hematopoietic pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor (PBX)-interacting protein (HPIP/PBXIP1) in cancer development and progression, indicating that HPIP inhibition may be a promising target for cancer therapy. Here, we screened compounds inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation with HPIP fused with green fluorescent protein as a reporter. A novel agent named TXX-1-10 derived from rimonabant, an antagonist of cannabinoid receptor 1 with anticancer effects, has been discovered to reduce HPIP expression and has greater inhibitory effects on breast cancer cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo than rimonabant. TXX-1-10 regulates HPIP downstream targets, including several important kinases involved in cancer development and progression (e.g., AKT, ERK1/2, and FAK) as well as cell cycle-, apoptosis-, migration-, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes. Consistent with the results of anticancer effects, genome-wide RNA sequencing indicated that TXX-1-10 has more significant effects on regulation of the expression of genes related to DNA replication, cell cycle, apoptosis, cell adhesion, cell migration, and invasion than rimonabant. In addition, TXX-1-10 significantly regulated genes associated with the cell growth and extracellular matrix organization, many of which were shown to be regulated by HPIP. Moreover, compared with rimonabant, TXX-1-10 greatly reduces blood-brain barrier penetrability to avoid adverse central depressive effects. These findings suggest that HPIP inhibition may be a useful strategy for cancer treatment and TXX-1-10 is a promising candidate drug for cancer therapy.