bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy for Renal Pelvic Urothelial Carcinoma Complicated with Renal Insufficiency: A Case Report
Authors: Chen Shikai , Li Ping , Song Shizhang , Hou Sichuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Primary malignant tumors of the renal pelvis are relatively few in urinary tumors, with a high degree of malignancy and a relatively poor prognosis. Most of the pathological results are urothelial carcinoma. The standard surgical operation is full-length resection of the kidney and ureter and sleeve resection of the bladder. However, for patients with renal insufficiency or solitary kidney, clinicians find it terribly difficult to make the decision on the surgical resection and protection of the renal function. A patient with renal pelvis malignant tumor complicated with renal insufficiency was treated in our hospital.Case presentation: A 77-year-old Chinese female with a more than 5-year history of renal dysfunction,was hospitalized due to "painless gross hematuria found for 4 months". The patient had no other significant discomfort. CT discovered that the volume of both kidneys is small, and the soft tissue density shadow was exactly at the right ureteropelvic junction. Therefore we consider the diagnosis was tumor of right renal pelvis. Patient did not accept radical surgical resection and was required to preserve the kidney. So the patient underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for right renal pelvic , and the operation was successful. After surgery chemotherapy drugs were instilled into the renal pelvis through a single J-tube infusion. During nearly three years of follow-up, the patient regularly reviewed ureteroscopy and MRI/CT, no significant abnormalities were seen. Postoperative creatinine control was better and no hemodialysis was performed. The curative effect is acceptable.Conclusions Partial nephrectomy for renal pelvic is also an option for patients with malignant tumor of renal pelvis who need to preserve their kidneys.
Rapid Prototyping For Series of Tasks in Atypical Environment: Robotic System With Reliable Program-Based and Flexible Learning-Based Approaches
Authors: Ito Hiroshi , Nakamura Satoshi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We propose a novel robotic system that combines both a reliable programming-based approach and a highly generalizable learning-based approach. How to design and implement a series of tasks in an atypical environment is a challenging issue. If all tasks are implemented using a programming-based approach, the development costs will be huge. However, if a learning-based approach is used, reliability is an issue. In this paper, we propose novel design guidelines that focus on the respective advantages of programming-based and learning-based approaches and select them so that they complement each other. We use a program-based approach for actions that are dynamic and require safety and reliability and a learning-based approach for actions that have a limited working area and are difficult to achieve with a program. Our learning approach can easily and rapidly accomplish a series of tasks consisting of various motions because it does not require a computational model of an object to be designed in advance. We demonstrate a series of tasks in which randomly arranged parts are assembled using an actual robot.
Strengthening Institutions for Public Health Education: Results of a SWOT Analysis From India to Inform Global Best Practices
Authors: Miller Emily , Reddy Megha , Banerjee Preetika , Brahmbhatt Haley , Majumdar Piyusha , Mangal DK , Gupta Shiv Dutt , Zodpey Sanjay , Shet Anita , Schleiff Meike 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Developing public health educational programs that provide workers prepared to adequately respond to health system challenges is an historical dilemma. In India, the focus on public health education has been mounting in recent years. The COVID-19 pandemic is a harbinger of the increasing complexities surrounding public health challenges and the overdue need to progress public health education around the world. This paper aims to explore strengths and challenges of public health educational institutions in India, and elucidate unique opportunities to emerge as a global leader in reform. Methods: To capture the landscape of public health training in India, we initiated a web-based desk review of available offerings and categorized by key descriptors and program qualities. We then undertook a series of in-depth interviews with representatives from a purposively sample of institutions and performed a qualitative SWOT analysis. Results: We found that public health education exists in many formats in India. Although Master of Public Health (MPH) and similar programs are still the most common type of public health training outside of community medicine programs, other postgraduate pathways exist including PhDs, certificates and executing trainings. The strengths of public health education institutions include research capacities, financial accessibility, and innovation, yet there is a need to improve collaborations and harmonize training with career pathways. Growing attention to the sector, improved technologies and community engagement all hold exciting potential for public health education, whilst externally held misconceptions can threaten institutional efficacy and potential. Conclusions: The timely need for and attention to public health education in India present a critical juncture for meaningful reform. India may also be well-situated to contextualize and scale the types of trainings needed to address complex challenges and serve as a model for other countries and the world.
A Misleading Apical Periodontitis Like Symptoms Post COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Alzahrani Mohammed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAdverse effects of vaccines are common, yet the reaction to vaccines widely varies between people. Companies provide an adverse effects list of their products. Adverse reactions might indicate the effectiveness of vaccines and that the immune system is responding. Case presentationIn this study, we present unusual side effects of the Pfizer/BioN-Tech vaccine. The patient had severe continuous pain related to the lower left first molar after the second dose of the Pfizer/BioN-Tech vaccine. The symptoms are typically resembling symptomatic apical periodontitis cases.ConclusionPfizer/BioN-Tech vaccine might lead to symptoms that mimic symptomatic apical periodontitis. The patient who develops such symptoms shortly after the covid -19 vaccine without an apparent cause should be assured and kept under observation for one to two weeks. A tentative diagnosis and treatment plan should be considered in the follow-up visit.
Detection of emerging ibrutinib resistance by flow cytometry in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Takács Ferenc , Kotmayer Lili , Czeti Ágnes , Szalóki Gábor , Tamás László , Mikala Gábor , Márk Ágnes , Masszi András , Farkas Péter , Plander Márk , Weisinger Júlia , Demeter Judit , Fekete Sándor , Szaleczki Erika , Borbényi Zita , Szerafin László , Deák Beáta , Sulák Adrienn , Barna Gabor 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Bruton ’ s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib has revolutionized the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although ibrutinib is a highly effective drug, continuous treatment is required to maintain remission, which may lead to acquired ibrutinib resistance. Early detection of acquired resistance preceding clinical disease progression is an important issue. This is why our aim was to investigate several phenotypic markers on CLL cells to reveal changes in their expression during ibrutinib treatment in sensitive and clinically resistant patients. Materials and methods: In our study 28 (treatment naive, ibrutinib sensitive, clinically ibrutinib resistant) peripheral blood (PB), and 6 paired PB and bone marrow (BM) samples from CLL patients were examined. The expression of several surface markers (CD69, CD184, CD86, CD185, CD27) was assessed by flow cytometry in each sample. Furthermore, the presence of the BTK C481S resistance mutation was tested using digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) in samples from ibrutinib sensitive and resistant cases. In addition, we investigated the changes of CLL cells ’ phenotype during ibrutinib treatment in one patient with acquired ibrutinib resistance. Results: We found that the expression of CD27 decreased during ibrutinib therapy but increased again at the onset of clinical resistance. Expressions of CD69 and CD86 were also elevated at the onset of clinical ibrutinib resistance. Furthermore, the expression of CD86 showed correlation between PB and BM samples. Relapsed cases with high CD86 expression were positive for BTK C481S mutation. In addition, our prospective study showed that the increases in the expression of CD27, CD69 and CD86 were detectable up to several months before the onset of clinical resistance. Conclusion: Our research suggests that the flow cytometric measurements of certain markers, especially CD86, may predict development of ibrutinib resistance, however, confirmatory experiments are still required. Monitoring CD86 expression on peripheral blood CLL cells during ibrutinib treatment may become a potential new method to detect acquired ibrutinib resistance in the near future.
Impact of Whole-Genome Sequencing of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis On Treatment Outcomes for MDR-TB/ XDR-TB: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Hazra Druti , Lam Connie , Dhyani Vijay Shree , V Bhumika T , Chawla Kiran , Sintchenko Vitali 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a persistent threat to public health. The detection of DR-TB requires culture-based drug susceptibility testing (DST) or rapid molecular assays for targeted genes. The recent advances in Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) technology have offered a new capacity to identify resistance-conferring mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). This study reviews and quantifies the emerging evidence on the association between genomic markers of drug resistance in MTB identified by WGS and treatment outcomes for DR-TB.
Methods
A literature search will be conducted in NCBI PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL (Ebsco) to retrieve all the relevant original reports from 2000 onwards. Clinical trials and observational studies describing different applications of WGS to genotypic resistance testing for TB and detection of MDR-TB/ XDR-TB as well as treatment outcomes of the patients will be included. Two primary reviewers will separately screen and select papers for data extraction, risk of bias, and assess the quality. Any disagreement between the reviewers' will be clarified by a third reviewer. The I2 statistics will be used to assess the heterogeneity of the included studies and if the data are sufficiently homogenous, a meta-analysis will be performed. The Egger's test and visual representation of the funnel plot will be used to monitor for publication bias. Narrative data synthesis will be conducted for all the included studies if performing meta-analysis is not possible.
Discussion
This systematic review will examine the evidence on the feasibility and added value of WGS in improving treatment outcomes in DR-TB patients. The rapid detection of drug-resistance conferring mutations and selection of appropriate drug regimens is likely to improve the cure rates while minimizing adverse events and treatment costs. Hence, the outcome of this systematic review will inform policy-making and will guide clinical laboratory practice to improve drug resistance diagnostic capacity and treatment outcomes.
Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42020197099.
Subclones of Bone Marrow CD34+ Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia at Diagnosis Confer Responses of Patients to Induction Chemotherapy
Authors: Jia Ruinan , Ji Min , Li Guosheng , Xia Yuan , Guo Shouhui , Li Peng , Sun Yanping , Lu Fei , Zhang Jingru , Zang Shaolei , Yan Shuxin , Ye Jingjing , Xue Fuzhong , Ma Daoxin , Sun Tao , Ji Chunyan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fatal hematopoietic malignancy which has a prognosis that varies with genetic heterogeneity of its hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells(HSCPs). Intensive induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and anthracycline has been the standard of care for newly diagnosed AML, but about 30% of patients have no response to this regimen. The resistance mechanisms require deeper understanding. Methods In our study, using 10× Genomics, a high-throughput single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) platform, we analyzed the cellular heterogeneity of bone marrow CD34+ cells from newly diagnosed AML patients who were then divided into sensitive and resistant groups according to their responses to induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and anthracycline. ScRNA-seq data for healthy controls were obtained from the GEO database. We verified our findings by the TCGA database, GEO datasets and the multiparameter flow cytometry.ResultsFrom the integrative analysis of 60,402 cells, we established a landscape for single-cell CD34+ cells in AML patients and identified the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell types based on the lineage signature genes. Interestingly, through recognizing the malignant-like clusters and comparing “resistant group” with “sensitive group”, we found a cell population with specific gene signatures (CRIP1highLGALS1highS100Ashigh) showing features of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMP) was associated with poor prognosis of AML. And two cell populations of AML CD34+ cells marked by CD52+ or CD74+DAP12+ were related to good response of patients to induction therapy, showing characteristics of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC). ConclusionOur study indicates the heterogeneity of AML CD34+ cells confers for outcomes of AML and provides possible biomarkers to predict the response of AML patients to induction chemotherapy.
Exploring a Novel Method For Optimising the Implementation of a Colorectal Cancer Risk Prediction Tool Into Primary Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Milton Shakira , Emery Jon D , Rinaldi Jane , Kinder Joanne , Bickerstaffe Adrian , Saya Sibel , Jenkins Mark , McIntosh Jennifer 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWe developed a colorectal cancer risk prediction tool (‘CRISP’) to provide individualised risk-based advice for colorectal cancer screening. Using known environmental, behavioural, and familial risk factors, CRISP was designed to facilitate tailored screening advice to patients aged 50 to 74 years in general practice. In parallel to a randomised controlled trial of the CRISP tool, we developed and evaluated an evidence-based implementation strategy.MethodsQualitative methods were used to explore the implementation of CRISP in general practice. Using one general practice in regional Victoria, Australia as a ‘laboratory’, we tested ways to embed CRISP into routine clinical practice. General practitioners, nurses, and a practice manager co-designed the implementation methods with researchers, focussing on existing practice processes that would be sustainable. Researchers interviewed the staff regularly to assess the successfulness of the strategies employed, and implementation methods were adapted throughout the study period in response to feedback from qualitative interviews.The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) underpinned the development of the interview guide and intervention strategy. Coding was inductive and themes were developed through consensus between the authors. Emerging themes were mapped onto the CFIR domains and a fidelity checklist was developed to ensure CRISP was being used as intended.Results Between December 2016 and September 2019, eleven interviews were conducted, both face-to-face and via videoconferencing (Zoom). All interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded. Themes were mapped onto the following CFIR domains: 1. ‘characteristics of the intervention’: CRISP was valued but time consuming; 2. ‘inner setting’: the practice was open to changing systems; 3. ‘outer setting’: CRISP helped facilitate screening; 4. ‘individual characteristics’: the practice staff were adaptable and able to facilitate adoption of new clinical processes; and 5. ‘processes’: fidelity checking and education was important.ConclusionsThese results describe a novel method for exploring implementation strategies for a colorectal cancer risk prediction tool in the context of a parallel RCT testing clinical efficacy. The study identified successful and unsuccessful implementation strategies using an adaptive methodology over time. This method emphasised the importance of co-design input to make an intervention like CRISP sustainable for use in other practices and with other risk tools.Trial registrationN/A
Optimal Combined Anteversion Range for Obtaining a Wider Range of Motion without Prosthetic Impingement after Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Three-dimensional Analysis Study
Authors: hidaka Ryo , Matsuda Kenta , Nakamura Masaki , Nakamura Shigeru , Kawano Hirotaka 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Obtaining a larger theoretical range of motion (ROM) is crucial to avoid prosthetic impingement after total hip arthroplasty (THA); however, no reports have examined the permissible range values of combined anteversion (CA) satisfying targeted ROM without prosthetic impingement. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the possible postoperative CA extent that would allow meeting target ROM criteria according to Yoshimine’s theory using computed tomography (CT)-based three-dimensional motion analysis after THA.Methods: This study included 114 patients (133 hips) who underwent cementless primary THA using a CT-based navigation system and implants (oscillation angle ≥135°). Implant positions were determined using Yoshimine's CA formula. Postoperative evaluation was conducted using a three-dimensional templating software for CT data. The postoperative Yoshimine’s and Widmer’s CA was calculated, and the difference between the target and postoperative values was defined as the error of Yoshimine’s CA and Widmer’s CA. Prosthetic ROM was assessed by Yoshimine’s stringent criteria for activities of daily living. Based on fulfilling these criteria, all patients were divided into the ROM (+) and ROM (-) groups. Evaluation items were compared between the two groups.Results: There were 111 and 22 hips in the ROM (+) and ROM (-) groups, respectively. A significant difference was noted in the absolute error of Yoshimine’s and Widmer’s CA between the two groups. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, threshold values of 6.0 (higher values indicate greater disability; sensitivity 90.9%, specificity 72.1%) for the absolute Yoshimine’s CA difference (area under the curve [AUC] 0.87, P<0.01) and 6.9 (higher values indicate greater disability; sensitivity 68.2%, specificity 88.3%) for the absolute Widmer’s CA difference (AUC 0.83, P<0.01) were predictors in the ROM (-) group.Conclusions: The target range of Yoshimine’s CA (90.8°±6.0°) and Widmer’s CA values (37.3°±6.9°) was crucial in implant orientation for obtaining theoretical ROM without prosthetic impingement after THA.
A comparison of mixed-variables Bayesian optimization approaches
Authors: Ramirez Jhouben Janyk Cuesta , Riche Rodolphe Le , Roustant Olivier , Perrin Guillaume , Durantin Cedric , Gliere Alain 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Most real optimization problems are defined over a mixed search space where the variables are both discrete and continuous. In engineering applications, the objective function is typically calculated with a numerically costly black-box simulation. General mixed and costly optimization problems are therefore of a great practical interest, yet their resolution remains in a large part an open scientific question.
In this article, costly mixed problems are approached through Gaussian processes where the discrete variables are relaxed into continuous latent variables. The continuous space is more easily harvested by classical Bayesian optimization techniques than a mixed space would. Discrete variables are recovered either subsequently to the continuous optimization, or simultaneously with an additional continuous-discrete compatibility constraint that is handled with augmented Lagrangians.
Several possible implementations of such Bayesian mixed optimizers are compared. In particular, the reformulation of the problem with continuous latent variables is put in competition with searches working directly in the mixed space. Among the algorithms involving latent variables and an augmented Lagrangian, a particular attention is devoted to the Lagrange multipliers for which a local and a global estimation techniques are studied.
The comparisons are based on the repeated optimization of three analytical functions and a beam design problem.
Examining Barriers and Facilitators of Pediatric Enhanced Recovery Protocol Implementation
Authors: Davis Teaniese L. , Schäfer Willemijn , Blake Sarah C. , Close Sharron , Balbale Salva N. , Perry Joseph E. , Zarate Raul Perez , Ingram Martha , Strople Jennifer , Johnson Julie , Holl Jane L. , Raval Mehul V. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Enhanced Recovery Protocols (ERPs) are an evidence-based intervention to optimize post-surgical recovery. Several studies have demonstrated that use of an ERP for gastrointestinal surgery results in decreased length of stay, shortened time to regular diet, and fewer administered opioids, while also trending toward lower complication and 30-day readmission rates. Yet, implementation of ERPs in pediatric surgery is lagging compared to adult surgery. The purpose of this study was to conduct a theory-guided evaluation of barriers and facilitators to ERP implementation at US hospitals with a pediatric surgery service.Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews at 18 hospitals with 48 participants, including pediatric surgeons, anesthesiologists, gastroenterologists, nurses, and physician assistants. Interviews were conducted online, audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. To identify barriers and facilitators to ERP implementation, we conducted a thematic analysis using combined inductive as well as deductive logics based on the National Implementation Research Network’s Five Active Implementation Frameworks (AIFs). Results: Framed by the 5AIFs, factors serving as barriers and facilitators to ERP implementation included: fidelity to and operationalization of ERP elements and measurement of outcomes (usable innovations); establishing and standardizing ERP protocols (stages); organizational support, institutional and electronic health record capacity to track patients getting ERP, training on protocol implementation, education on benefits of ERP use and how to adhere to ERPs (implementation drivers); and team, patient, and family buy-in and engagement early in the ERP implementation process (teams). Applying the implementation framework facilitated the identification of potential strategies to support effective practices (evidence-based ERPs and implementation tools), effective implementation (local team infrastructure support including team member roles and responsibilities; a learning collaborative for pediatric surgery groups with monthly support, coaching and training by topic experts, tools to engage key stakeholders), and enabling contexts (a toolkit to support implementation, sustainability assessments, quarterly data-driven feedback sessions, and access to a QI expert on the implementation teams), to achieve the desired outcomes.Conclusions: Comprehensive and systematic application of the 5AIFs allowed organization of the identified barriers and facilitators. Future steps are to apply and evaluate these strategies in a stepped-wedge, cluster randomized trial to increase implementation of ERPs at these 18 hospitals.