bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Healthcare AI Research Engaging Publics In Conversations About Ethics? Protocol For A Scoping Review
Authors: Frost Emma Kellie , Bosward Rebecca , Aquino Yves Saint James , Braunack-Mayer Annette , Carter Stacy M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: In recent years, innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the development of new healthcare AI (HCAI) technologies. Whilst some of these technologies show promise for improving the patient experience, ethicists have warned that AI can introduce and exacerbate harms and wrongs in healthcare. It is important that HCAI reflects the values that are important to people. However, involving patients and publics in substantive conversations about AI ethics remains challenging due to relatively limited awareness of HCAI technologies. This scoping review aims to map how the existing literature on publics’ attitudes toward HCAI addresses key issues in AI ethics and governance.Methods: We developed a search query to conduct a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Academic Search Complete from January 2010 onwards. We will include primary research studies which document publics’ or patients’ attitudes toward HCAI. A coding framework has been designed and will be used capture qualitative and quantitative data from the articles. Two reviewers will code a proportion of the included articles and any discrepancies will be discussed amongst the team, with changes made to the coding framework accordingly. Final results will be reported quantitatively and qualitatively, examining how each AI ethics issue has been addressed by the included studies.Discussion: If HCAI is to be implemented ethically and legitimately, publics and patients must be included in important conversations about HCAI ethics. This review will explore how ethical issues are addressed in literature examining publics and patients’ attitudes toward HCAI. We aim to describe how publics and patients have been successfully consulted on HCAI ethics, and to identify any areas of HCAI ethics where more work is needed to include publics and patients in research and discussions.
NE/β2-AR Promotes Directional Migration of Colorectal Cancer Cells to the Liver by Inducing M2 Polarization of Kupffer Cells and Upregulating CXCL12 Expression
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Yuan Na , Zhou Ce , Zhi Jie , Li Yang , Wang Bin , Zhao Wujie , Jia Yitao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background and Aim The exact mechanism of colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of the norepinephrine (NE) in the directional migration of CRC cells to the liver.Methods In mouse models of CRC liver metastasis, the effects of NE on the number of liver metastases and the density of intrahepatic Kupffer cells (KCs) were observed. In vitro experiments were performed to detect KC polarization markers by flow cytometry, cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), migration of colon cancer cells by Transwell migration assay, AR expression and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related protein expressions by Western blotting, and chemokine mRNA expressions by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results Two weeks after intraperitoneal injection of different doses of NE in CRC liver metastasis mouse models, the number of liver metastases were (111.00±51.43) and (102.40±54.85) in the low-dose (0.28 nmol) NE group and high-dose groups (2.8 nmol), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P＜0.05); in addition, the density of intrahepatic KCs in the NE group was significantly reduced compared with the control group (P<0.05). In vitro experiments showed that low-concentration NE induced M2 polarization of KCs; NE upregulated the expression level of NE receptor β2-AR on KCs and activated the PI3K/Akt pathway, while blocking β2-AR or using a PI3K inhibitor inhibited this process (P< 0.05). M2 KCs promoted the migration of colon cancer cell line CT26. Eight macrophage-associated chemokines were screened from the TISIDB website. CXCL12 expression in KCs was significantly higher in low-concentration (10-9 M) NE group than in controls, and a β2-AR blocker down-regulated CXCL12 expression in KCs (both P < 0.05).Conclusions NE/β2-AR may induce intrahepatic KC M2 polarization through the PI3K/Akt pathway and promote its secretion of CXCL12 to induce the directional migration of CRC to the liver. Our findings provide important evidence in the search for new strategies to prevent liver metastasis from CRC.
Validation of Leaf Area Index Measurement System Based on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Yang Rongjin , Liu Lu , Liu Qiang , Li Xiuhong , Yin Lizeyan , Hao Xuejie , Ma Yushuang , Song Qiao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Accurate measurement of leaf area index (LAI) is important for agricultural analysis such as the estimation of crop yield, which makes its measurement work important. There are mainly two ways to obtain LAI: ground station measurement and remote sensing satellite monitoring. Recently, reliable progress has been made in long-term automatic LAI observation using wireless sensor network (WSN) technology under certain conditions. We developed and designed an LAI measurement system (LAIS) based on a wireless sensor network to select and improve the appropriate algorithm according to the image collected by the sensor, to get a more realistic leaf area index. The corn LAI was continuously observed from May 30 to July 16, 2015. Research on hardware has been published, this paper focuses on improved system algorithm and data verification. By improving the finite length average algorithm, the data validation results are as follows: 1. The slope of the fitting line between LAIS measurement data and the real value is 0.944, and the root means square error (RMSE) is 0.264 (absolute error ~ 0-0.6), which has high consistency with the real value. 2. The measurement error of LAIS is less than LAI2000, although the result of our measurement method will be higher than the actual value, it is due to the influence of weeds on the ground. 3. LAIS data can be used to support the retrieval of remote sensing products. We find a suitable application situation of our LAIS system data, and get our application value as ground monitoring data by the verification with remote sensing product data, which supports its application and promotion in similar research in the future.
Effective maNagement of Depression among Patients witH cANCEr (ENHANCE): A Protocol for a Hybrid Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Interventions for Depressive Symptoms.
Authors: Pertl Maria Margareta , Perez  , Collier Sonya , Guinan Emer , Monahan Garret , Verling Katie , Wallace Emma , Walsh Aisling , Doyle Frank 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Depression is common among patients with cancer and is associated with lower treatment participation, lower satisfaction with care, poorer quality of life, greater symptom burden, and higher healthcare costs. Various types of interventions (e.g., pharmacological, psychotherapy) are used for the treatment of depression. However, evidence for these among patients with cancer is limited. Furthermore, the relative effectiveness and acceptability of different approaches is unknown because a direct comparison between all available treatments has not been carried out. We will address this by conducting a network meta-analysis (NMA) of interventions for depression among people with cancer using a hybrid overview of reviews and systematic review methodology. Methods: We will search for and extract data from systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of depression interventions for patients with cancer from inception, before performing a supplemental search for more recent RCTs. We will include RCTs comparing pharmacological, psychotherapy, exercise, combination therapy, collaborative care, or complementary and alternative medicine interventions with pill placebo, no treatment, waitlist, treatment as usual, or minimal treatment control groups, or directly in head-to-head trials, among adults who have a current or previous diagnosis of cancer and elevated depressive symptoms (scores above a cut-off on validated scales or meeting diagnostic criteria). Our primary outcomes will be change in depressive symptoms (standardised mean difference) and intervention acceptability (% who withdrew). Our secondary outcomes will be 6-month change in depressive symptoms, health-related quality of life, adverse events and mortality. We will independently screen for eligibility, extract data, and assess risk of bias using the RoB2 tool. We will use frequentist random-effects multivariate NMA in Stata, Rankograms and surface under the cumulative ranking curves to synthesize evidence and obtain a ranking of intervention groups. We will explore heterogeneity and inconsistency using local and global measures and evaluate the credibility of results using the Confidence in NEtwork Meta-Analysis (CINeMA) framework.Discussion: Our findings will provide the best available evidence for managing depression among patients with cancer. Such information will help to inform clinical guidelines, evidence-based treatment decisions and future research by identifying gaps in the current literature. Systematic review registration: Submitted to PROSPERO (record number: 290145), awaiting registration
Clinical Characteristics and Therapeutic Response of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease: a Retrospective Study of 127 Chinese Patients
Authors: An Wen , Wu Zhen , Li Min , Yu Haitian , Zhao Xinyan , Wang Xiaoming , Wang Yu , Wang Qianyi , Duan Weijia , Kong Yuanyuan , Ma Hong , Ou Xiaojuan , You Hong , Liu Yanying , Li Peng , Duan Ting , Jia Jidong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background & Aims: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multisystem fibroinflammatory condition. The aim of the present study was to characterize the clinical features and therapeutic response of patients with IgG4-RD and identify risk factors for disease relapse.Methods: We collected baseline data of eligible patients with IgG4-RD and analyzed clinical feature by interview and review of medical records. The patients who received medical therapy with at least 3 months follow-up were used to characterize the therapeutic response and identify risk factors for relapse. Result: Totally 127 IgG4-RD patients, including 92 males and 35 females, were included in the present study. The median age at diagnosis was 63.0 years, ranging from 23 to 86. The pancreas, bile duct and lymph nodes were the most frequently involved organs. The serum IgG4 level was elevated in 94.5% of the patients and was correlated with the number of organs involved. Patients classified as head and neck limited group were more likely to be female. Patients classified as pancreato-hepatobiliary group had highest aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), bilirubin level (all p＜0.05). Mikulicz syndrome and systemic involvement group had the highest IgG-RI score, serum globulin, IgG and IgG4 level. Among 92 patients who received medical therapy with at least 3 months follow-up,76 received glucocorticoids (GC) alone or in combination with immunosuppressive agents and 16 patients did not take GC. 74 out of the 76 patients (97.3%) achieved remission, with 59 of them remained in remission and 15 of them relapsed. Wheras16 patients did not take GC, among them, 6 patients achieved remission with one patient relapsed. On multivariate analysis, higher initial score of ACR/EULAR IgG4-RD Classification Criteria, GC monotherapy and GC withdrawal were independent predictors for relapse.Conclusion: Different phenotypes of IgG4-RD showed different demographic and serological features. The risk factors of relapse were GC withdrawal, GC monotherapy and higher score of ACR/EULAR IgG4-RD Classification Criteria.
A Memristor Based Chaotic Oscillator for Weak Signal Detection and Its Circuitry Realization
Authors: Dong Kaifeng , Xu Kun , Zhou Youyou , Zuo Chao , Wang Leiming , Zhang ChuanKe , Jin Fang , Song Junlei , Mo Wenqin , Hui Yajuan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A new type of weak signal detection system that combines the memristor and Van der pol-Duffing chaotic system has been proposed in this paper, and the dynamic characteristics of the system are studied. It is observed that the system can change from a chaotic state to a periodic state under different driving force amplitudes. Moreover, as compared with several classical chaotic oscillators, the numerical simulation results show that the system has stronger anti-noise performance with the detectable signal-to-noise ratio reaches -163dB, and has a wider detection range. Its detection accuracy is up to 1 × 10 −9 . More importantly, this paper provides the circuit implementation scheme of the system, and the weak signal can be detected with our designed circuit. This may offer a possible way for weak signal detection system with good performance in anti-noise performance, detection range and accuracy.
Solar Radiation Limits the Use of Paddocks by Laying Hens Raised in the Free-range System
Authors: de Oliveira Evandro Menezes , De Oliveira Larissa Queiroz Medeiros , Mós João Victor Do Nascimento , Teixeira Bruno Emanoel , Nascimento Sheila Tavares 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Laying hens on the Free-range systems are susceptible to challenging situations in relation to the rearing environment. Therefore, this work evaluated how solar radiation influences the behaviour of laying hens raised in a Free-range system, in the Brazilian Savanna. The activities included data collection of meteorological variables and behavioural analysis of three-hundred commercial laying hens in relation to the frequency of use of indoor and outdoor areas of rearing housing. The solar radiation is the main factor that directly affects the heat gain of production animals, in this experiment had a high amplitude during all day, going from 33.42 W m-2, to 756.98 W m-2. It was observed that the highest frequency of 79% and 91% use of the barn areas by the hens was at 8am and 4pm, respectively. The internal area of the housing was more used by hens 87% and 68% at 12h and 14h, respectively. Hens were not observed in the paddocks at noon and 2 pm. Hens spend more than 6 hours of the day inside the housing to provide shelter from solar radiation. Which the conclusion the solar radiation influences the behaviour of laying hens, at times of the day of the higher incidence of radiation, and high air and global temperatures, it was not observed the presence of hens in the external areas of the housing, especially with the use of the paddocks, at these times the hens seek shelter inside the housing to get away from the incidence of direct solar radiation.
The Influence of Land Use in the Catchment Area of Small Waterbodies on the Quality of Water and Plant Species Composition
Authors: Szpakowska Barbara , Świerk Dariusz , Dudzińska Anna , Pajchrowska Maria , Gołdyn Ryszard 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Land use significantly affects the function of waterbodies in landscape. Although there have been numerous studies on the influence of the catchment area on the trophic and ecological status of waterbodies, still is not reached an agreement on the width of the buffer zone that is necessary for effective protection of waterbodies. The aim of the study was to show whether small waterbodies are predominantly influenced by land use in the entire catchment area or only in the zone extending 100 or 200 m away from the shoreline. For two years the waters in six small waterbodies located in the Wielkopolska region (Poland) were analysed. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the influence of land use, especially agricultural land, was much greater within the zone extending 100 m from the shore line of the waterbodies than in the total catchment area. Therefore, it would be advisable to move the border of intensive farming areas beyond the entire 100-metre-wide buffer zone, or at least to reduce the intensity of agriculture and to introduce diversified and perenial vegetation creating effective biogeochemical barriers.
Quantitative Electroencephalographic Analysis of Delirium Tremens Development Following Alcohol-withdrawal Seizure
Authors: Mo Hee-Jung , Yoon Jee-Eun , Kim Dong Wook , Im Hee-Jin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Seizures and delirium tremens (DTs) are recognized as severe alcohol-withdrawal symptoms. Prolonged admission and serious complications associated with alcohol-withdrawal are responsible for increased costs and use of medical and social resources. We compared differences in quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) in patients after alcohol-withdrawal seizures (AWS; n = 13), performed in the intensive care unit within 48 h of admission, and in age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We also investigated the prognostic value of quantitative EEG, for the development of alcohol DTs after AWS in a retrospective, case‒control study. The spectral power of each band frequency and the ratio of the theta to alpha band (TAR) in the electroencephalogram were analysed using iSyncBrain® (iMediSync, Inc., Korea). The beta frequency and the alpha frequency band power were significantly higher and lower, respectively, in patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In AWS patients with DTs, the relative beta3 power was lower, particularly in the left frontal area, and the TAR was significantly higher in the central channel than in those without DTs. Quantitative EEG showed neuronal excitability and decreased cognitive activities characteristic of AWS patients associated with alcohol withdrawal state and we demonstrated that quantitative EEG also might be a helpful tool for detecting patients at high risk of developing DTs during an alcohol-dependence period.
A Multi-Parameter Evaluation of the Neuroprotective and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Origanum Onites L. (Turkish Oregano) Essential Oil on Scopolamine-Induced Amnestic Rats
Authors: Aykac Asli , Teralı Kerem , Özbeyli Dilek , Ede Seren , Albayrak Ömercan , Başer Kemal Hüsnü Can , Şener Göksel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive functions (dementia) and represents a growing public health concern since the population in the age groups at risk is increasing. The latter raises an urgent need to translate research findings in the basic brain and behavioral sciences into anti-AD drugs and disease-modifying therapies. Origanum onites (L.), also called Turkish oregano, is a perennial and herbaceous plant species grown for centuries for medicinal, cosmetic and culinary purposes. This is the first study to investigate the putative neuroprotective and pro-cognitive activities of O. onites essential oil (OOEO) against scopolamine-induced amnesia of AD-type in Wistar albino rats. The results of behavioral tests revealed that OOEO administration was able to significantly alleviate learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine in vivo. The observed effects could be attributed to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity, attenuation of oxidative stress and prevention of neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of AD rats. Modulation of pro-inflammatory enzymes, including cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and myeloperoxidase, might further contribute to the neuroprotective properties of OEOO, as predicted by our in silico models. These findings offer novel insights into the therapeutic potential of OEOO in patients with AD.
Characterization of Temperature Fields in Laser Beam Welded Hollow-Cylindrical Cold Crack Samples from High Strength Steel 100Cr6
Authors: Wasilewski Eric , Doynov Nikolay , Ossenbrink Ralf , Michailov Vesselin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This work presents a comparative study of thermal conditions that occur during laser beam welding of high strength steel 100Cr6 that often leads to a loss of technological strength and may conditionally produce cold cracks. The results from both experiments and thermal-metallurgical FE-simulations indicate that the type of heat coupling changes significantly when welding with different process parameters, e.g., in the transition between conduction and deep penetration welding. Further, the simulations show that as a result of the high welding speeds and reduced energy per unit length, extremely high heating rates of up to 2x104 K s-1 (set A) resp. 4x105 K s-1 (set B) occur in the material. Both welds thus concern a range of values for which conventional Time-Temperature-Austenitization (TTA) diagrams are not currently defined, so that the material models can only be calibrated using general assumptions. This noted change in energy per unit length and welding speeds causes significantly steep temperature gradients with a slope of approximately 5x103 K mm-1 and strong drops in the heating and cooling rates, particularly in the heat affected zone near the weld metal. This means that even short distances along the length present a staggering difference in relation to the temperature peaks. The temperature cycles also show very different cooling rates for the respective parameter sets, although in both cases they are well below a cooling time t8/5 of one second, so that the phase transformation always leads to the formation of martensite. The results from this study are intended to be used for further detailed experimental and numerical investigation of microstructure, hydrogen distribution, and stress-strain development at different restrain conditions.
A Machine Learning-based Approach to Identify Therapists who can Perceive Client-Side Effects in Psychotherapy
Authors: Yao Lijun , Xu Zhiwei , Zhao Xudong , Chen Yang , Liu Liang , Fu Xiaoming , Chen Fazhan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Side effects in psychotherapy are sometimes unavoidable. Therapists play a significant role in the side effects of psychotherapy, but there have been few quantitative studies on the mechanisms by which therapists contribute to them. Methods: We designed the Psychotherapy Side Effects Questionnaire-Therapist Version (PSEQ-T) and released it online through an official WeChat account, where 530 therapists participated in the cross-sectional analysis. The therapists were classified into groups with and without perceptions of clients’ side effects. A number of features were selected to distinguish the therapists by category. Six machine learning–based algorithms were selected and trained by our dataset to build classification models. To make the prediction model interpretable, we leveraged the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to quantify the importance of each feature to the therapist categories.Results: Our study demonstrated the following: 1) Of the therapists, 316 perceived the side effects of the clients in the ongoing psychotherapy sessions, with a 59.6% incidence of side effects. Among all 7 perception types of the side effects, the most common type was “make the clients or patients feel bad” (49.8%). 2) A random forest–based machine-learning classifier offered the best predictive performance to distinguish the therapists with and without perceptions of clients’ side effects, with an F1 score of 0.722 and an AUC value of 0.717. 3) When “therapists’ psychological activity” was considered a possible cause of the side effects in psychotherapy by the therapists, it was the most relevant feature for distinguishing the therapist category.Conclusions: Our study revealed that the therapist's mastery of the limitations of psychotherapy technology and theory, especially the awareness and construction of their own psychological states, was the most important factor in predicting the therapist's perception of the side effects of psychotherapy.