bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Concentration of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Extract on Growth Parameters of Rice (Oryza sativa) Inpari-32
Authors: Sumardi D , Bahariawan M , Maulani R R , Suhandono S , Novia C , Harahap A F P , Gozan M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Rice plants (Oryza sativa) are a significant food crop. Tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) can be beneficial and affect growth due to allelochemical content. The srudy aims to determine the effect of tobacco extract (N. tabacum) on the growth and yield of rice (O. sativa) Inpari-32 variety. The study method used the RBD as an experimental design. Three treatments with different concentrations of tobacco extract and one control with three replications. Growth variables were observed: growth rate, plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves, shoot and root dry weight, flowering age, and phytohormones. Observations of the harvest stage include the weight of stover, number of panicle seeds, the total number of tillers, weight of 1000 seeds, the ratio of the weight of filled grain, and productivity (tons/ha). The results showed that although not significant, tobacco extract treatment increased the number of tillers and leaves, the content of phytohormon IAA in the vegetative phase, the content of GA3 in the generative phase, shoot-root ratio, number of tillers, and accelerated flowering age. The implication of tobacco extract positively affects the plant growth variable and accelerated flowering age of rice variety (O. sativa) Inpari 32.
Waste Management in Jakarta Recycle Centre: Case Study of Pesanggrahan, Jakarta
Authors: Muhashiby M I N , Hasibuan H S , Wahyono S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Waste management is collecting, transporting, processing, and recycling waste materials from the Household, 3R Waste Management Site/Integrated Waste Management Site, and the landfill. Optimal waste management can reduce the impact of environmental pollution caused by waste. The current community paradigm in waste management is still in the collect-transport-dispose. This paper describes how Pesanggrahan District manages its waste by applying a new paradigm, namely reduce-sorted-processing. This paper aims to evaluate the waste management system at the Jakarta Recycle Center (JRC), Pesanggrahan, South Jakarta, and identify peer-reviewed documents in the waste management system. This study approaches a semi-systematic review by reviewing relevant documents. The waste transportation scheme carried out in the JRC program is divided into four types on seven different days. The composition of the most significant waste in JRC is organic waste. Two methods carry out the processing of organic waste, namely composting and BSF. With the support of sufficient waste transportation and processing facilities from the government, the JRC can become a pilot program that can be applied in other areas in managing their waste.
Sustainable Palm Oil and Landscape Program
Authors: Chalil D , Barus R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Palm oil is a commodity with a significant land area development. Thus, raises concerns about its impact on the landscape. This study uses a case study in South Tapanuli, a center of smallholder oil palm plantations with a high conservation value and an action plan for a sustainable palm oil program. This study uses a combination of a desk study of government publications and interviews with key stakeholders. The results show that the sustainable palm oil program can affect landscape sustainability through regional development and spatial plans. The sustainable action plan has altered strategic issues in the regional development plan by focusing on oil palm plantations management in forest areas. However, the strategic issues have has not been followed up by targets and programs. Coordination between the central and regional governments is lacking, and related local government organizations do not fully understand the plan. The annual plan has been completed with sufficiently detailed outputs and thus cannot use it as a reference for evaluating achievement stages. Therefore, although the sustainable palm oil program positively impacts regional planning in South Tapanuli, it still needs to be followed up by operationalization in synergistic programs.
Description of the Characteristics of Solid Medical Waste in the Environment During the COVID - 19 Pandemic: Case Study Hospital X Covid-19 Referral in Semarang City
Authors: Himayati N , Joko T , Raharjo M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Characteristics of Solid Medical Waste As long as the hospital as a health service provider is a source of solid medical waste generation. The current COVID-19 pandemic can potentially increase the number of medical waste generation in health care facilities. The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on changing the characteristics of the medical waste produced. This study describes the characteristics of hospital solid medical waste during the COVID-19 pandemic at the X Referral Covid Hospital in Semarang City. The study results show that the ratio of increasing solid medical waste during the 2020 pandemic ranges from 1.39 to 2.08 kg/bed/day. Handling medical waste in this condition is a challenge that needs to be appropriately managed.
Application SEM-EDX in Biodegradation of Seafood Wastes by Sponge-Derived Actinomycetes 19C38A1 in Solid Fermentation
Authors: Widyastuti  , Hendri J , Setiawan A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Biodegradation of chitin by microorganisms can produce derivative products that have economic value. This research aims to apply SEM-EDX analysis in observing the biodegradation process of seafood industrial waste by actinomycetes. Shrimp shells, cuttlefish bones and fish scales were obtained from the free market. In the early stages, the SEM-EDX spectrum analysis of the substrate showed almost the same carbon, oxygen, and mineral compositions. While the surface of each substrate is quite varied. On the second day of the fermentation, SEM image analysis showed that the growth rate of actinomycetes on each substrate was significantly different. The difference in growth was supported by SEM imaging data which showed damage to the surface of each substrate. Further analysis of the degradation products by HPLC on the second and third days showed the formation of glucosamine. It suspected that actinomycetes can break down shrimp shell waste into glucosamine. This information is very important as the basis for further research related to the optimization of the glucosamine and chitooligosaccharide (COS) production process using the solid fermentation method.
Waste management planning toward zero waste in Hotel XYZ Bandung with circular economy principles (case study: room service facility’s solid waste)
Authors: Sujai S R A N , Juwana I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Hotel XYZ is a commercial area in the city of Bandung which still applies the traditional linear economic cycle. The 61.61% of ±9000 m2 building area is used for room service facilities. The hotel has not paid attention to its waste management so all the waste generated from this hotel end up at the landfill area. This study aims at improving the waste management in Hotel XYZ to meet the principle of circular economy. Using SNI 19-3964-1994 approach to measure the generation of waste composition, the amount of waste generated from room service facilities is 0.03 kg/m2/day or 0.41 liter/m2/day. The zero waste index (ZWI) calculation was used for the evaluation of waste management in the hotel. The waste generated at Hotel XYZ has the potential to achieve substitute material savings by 63.16 kg, substitution of energy by 775.79 MegaJoule (MJ), greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction by 49.36 kg/CO2e, -164.06 L/kg of water saving. The most waste generated by hotel room service facilities is recyclable waste consisting of single-use packaging from hotel equipments. Waste reduction plan for the room service facilities is carried out by replacing single-use packaging with refillable packaging so the hotel is able to save their shopping expenditure costs up to Rp. 844,691.00 per day.
Impact of Social and Environmental Responsibilities Predictors towards Business Sustainability in HEIs of Pakistan
Authors: Advani A , Khan G 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sustainable business development has a basic concept to make a profit while considering their responsibility toward the environment. It has been observed that in the previous years, entrepreneurs only focused on economic performance and ignore their responsibilities toward society. This study aims to explore the social and environmental responsibilities as an independent variable that directly influences business sustainability. It is believed that organizational culture significantly mediates the relation between the variables. Moreover, this research study exercised mixed method strategy to quantify the results through SPSS 20 software. The hypothesis was tested via regression analysis. Data was collected from different universities operating in Pakistan. 148 respondents participated in the survey. A closed-ended questionnaire is distributed among students from different universities in Karachi.5-point. The Likert Scale has been used for this study. Random sampling and convenience sample technique were used for data collection. The result confirms the significant influence of social and environmental obligations on business sustainability. Social responsibilities and business sustainability have high correlations and this paper suggests, to develop and implement policies and strategies for businesses to eliminate the violation of the social & environmental responsibility of every entrepreneur toward society and improve organizational culture in the organization.
The Effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Disclosure and Competitive Advantage on Companies Performance as An Implementation of Sustainable Economic Growth in Indonesia for Period of 2015-2019
Authors: Lubis M F F , Rokhim R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Environmental issues have gained quite attention in recent years. Many scientists believe that sustainability is one of many options that can reduce the environmental problems. Drawn by the importance of sustainability aspects while doing business, this study aims to investigate the effect of environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure on company performance, moderated by competitive advantage. This study used a sample of 52 publicly listed companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that consistently disclose their ESG scores between 2015-2019. This research used panel data which is processed using random effect model data. The results of this study indicate that ESG disclosure has a negative impact on company performance. When the moderating variable, competitive advantage, are introduced in the model, ESG disclosure has a positive impact on company performance, but it is insignificant. Our results showed the implementation of ESG in Indonesia is still very low and shed light the lack of governance by the government and the financial authorities.
Integrated Data-based Poverty Alleviation to Achieve SDGs
Authors: Megawati S , Rahaju T , Mahdiannur M A , Kurniawan B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Poverty alleviation is not an easy job. Lack of coordination, inaccurate data, and slow information are factors leading to inappropriate decisions making. This research aims to learn in detail about the Integrated Social Welfare Database (ISWD) and how to use the ISWD for Poverty Programs. This research used a literature study approach through collecting, classifying, analyzing, visualizing, validating data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research showed that the ISWD is an electronic data system containing social, economic, and demographic information in Indonesia which consists of 16 variables, namely: welfare status of households and individuals, education, health, employment, and primary information households covering the lowest share of 40% of the Indonesian population based on welfare states. The ISWD provides many benefits for the central government, regional governments in Indonesia, for example, supporting the analysis or the planning of poverty alleviation activities/programs, determining the target beneficiaries of social protection programs such as the Raskin Program, Jamkesmas, Assistance for Poor Students, Family Hope Program, and other programs managed by the regional government.
Utilization of Home Gardens as a Community Empowerment-Based Edible Landscape to Combat Stunting
Authors: Saroinsong F B , Ismail Y , Gravitiani E , Sumantra K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Home gardens as a community empowerment-based edible landscape can be used as a strategy for sustainable and resilient urban development. The objective of this research is to identify (a) benefits and challenges of home gardens as community empowerment-based edible landscape, and (b) the socio-cultural, economic, and environmental factors in the utilization of home gardens in Tomohon, Denpasar and Solo. The researchers conduct literature reviews and observation for one month. The benefits of a home garden are a source of various food and traditional medicine, a place of worship, supporting conservation, ameliorating the microclimate, improve health, education, recreational and aesthetic functions, strengthen social status, increase income and ties. The challenges are to overcome constraints such as (a) lack of knowledge, skill, advisory services, (b) limited access to farming inputs, and so on; and to take advantage of opportunities such as easy access, easy control of composition, products quality and quantity, and so on. Some strategies are proposed. Socio-cultural, economic and environmental factors that influence the home garden are grouped as internal factors (i.e. size, owner’s economic condition, perception, knowledge, skill, hobby, preference and consumption pattern, allocated time and energy) and external factors (i.e. regulation, culture and agreement, and environmental conditions).
Solidarity and Impact of 2009 Situ Gintung Disaster-Based Value System to Raise Awareness of Disaster Resilience and the Environment
Authors: Firdaus A , Hermansah T 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Originally a natural lake of marshland, Situ Gintung was later created to benefit the local community. This lake fell in 2009 due to its inability to withstand the rushing water. This tragedy impacted many sociological and economic aspects of society. The purpose of this study is to assess the value system’s impact on the interview and observation process. The study took place near Situ Gintung. The study ran from March through June 2011. Among the informants were victims of the Situ Gintung disaster, local inhabitants who knew the history of Situ Gintung, and the South Tangerang Regional Government. This study’s findings imply that people’s concern for one another is expanding. It has shown great care and togetherness via cooperation, community service, and attending neighbors’ weddings. Residents, on the other hand, tend to take care of their own requirements, whether family or personal. These residents are citizens that stay in touch with or greet their neighbors when needed. In the event of a future natural disaster, the community will come together to help and understand.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering in a sub-wavelength anisotropic waveguide with slightly-misaligned material and structural axes: misalignment-sensitive behaviors and underlying physics
Authors: Su Xiao-Xing , Dou Zi-Long , Lee Heow Pueh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The stimulated Brillouin scatterings (SBSs) in sub-wavelength rutile waveguides with slightly misaligned material and structural axes are numerically studied. The misalignment is introduced between the extraordinary material axis and longitudinal axis of the waveguide only. Four nanowire waveguides with different cross-sectional geometries are considered. They consist of a circular waveguide, two elliptical waveguides with different cross-sectional orientation angles, and a trapezoidal waveguide with a completely unsymmetrical cross-sectional shape. As previously reported, the resonant peaks emerge rapidly in response to the introduced small misalignment angle and can also be observed in the calculated Brillouin gain spectra of the considered waveguides. But these misalignment-sensitive resonant peaks further exhibit some extraordinary behaviors, which may not be intuitively understandable. For instance, despite a plausible absence of symmetry breaking, many misalignment-sensitive resonant peaks can still be observed in the forward SBS gain spectrum of the trapezoidal waveguide. Based on the symmetry properties of the considered waveguides, the physics underlying the observed extraordinary phenomena are revealed. The obtained results highlight the effectiveness of introducing symmetry breakings for activating/harnessing opto-mechanical couplings in photonic-phononic micro structures, which would enable us to gain some deeper insights into the sub-wavelength opto-mechanics in anisotropic media.
Simple interferometric setup enabling sub-Fourier-scale ultra-short laser pulses
Authors: Neyra Enrique G , Torchia Gustavo A , Vaveliuk Pablo , Videla Fabian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, we describe an interferometric method to generate ultra-short pulses below the Fourier limit. It is done by extending concepts first developed in the spatial domain to achieve sub-diffractive beams through the addition of a spatial chirp in one of the arms of a Michelson interferometer using a spherical mirror. To experimentally synthesize sub-Fourier pulses, we replace the spherical mirror with a water cell, since it produces chirp in the temporal domain. We also present an alternative procedure, based on asymmetrical interference between the widened pulse and the original pulse where the peaks of both pulses exhibit a temporal delay achieving the narrowing of ultra-short pulses with sub-Fourier scales. To characterize the performance of the system, we performed a preliminary assessment considering the percentage of full width at half-maximum shrinking obtained for each scheme. By means of a symmetrical configuration, 7% and 12% pulse reductions were verified, both experimentally and analytically, while for the non-symmetrical configuration, 10% and 24% reductions were achieved corresponding to main lobe to side-lobe ratios of 10% and 30%. The experimental setup scheme is simple, versatile and able to work with high-power laser sources and ultra-short pulses with a broad bandwidth at any central wavelength. The results presented in this work are promising and help to enlighten new routes and strategies in the design of coherent control systems. We envision that they will become broadly useful in different areas from strong field domain to quantum information.
Understanding Inclusion
Authors: Brix Kaja A , Lee Olivia A , Stalla Sorina G 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe understanding and practice of inclusion are critical to realizing the full benefits of diverse representation. Little research on inclusion within diversity contexts exists. We examined the meaning of inclusion through crowdsourcing and a grounded theory methodology of data analysis and theory development. We collected responses to the question “What does inclusion mean to you?” The data revealed concepts of empathy, warmth, support, love, acceptance and curiosity; diverse perspectives; and participation. Our theoretical model suggests a dynamic process of inclusion operating from principal structural elements: a foundation that involves place, access and participation, and space; reciprocal engagement as an engine for inclusion; and expression of inclusion as culture. This understanding provides a structured means by which inclusion can be practiced.
Rethinking spatial policy in an era of multiple crises
Authors: Martin Ron , Martinelli Flavia , Clifton Judith 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAfter more than thirty years of post-war relative regional convergence, since the 1980s geographical inequalities in economic prosperity and social conditions have widened again in most capitalist countries. In this paper we argue that this resumption of spatial inequality is in part explained by the significant changes observed in the role of the state and in public intervention in the shift from the post-war ‘Keynesian’ regime of state regulation to the ‘Neoliberal’ regime that has held sway over the past four decades. We argue that most public policies enacted in this latter period have actually exacerbated socioeconomic – and spatial – polarization, favouring a few metropolitan areas and regions at the expense of a substantial number of what are now commonly referred to as ‘left behind places’. We contend that we are now at a new juncture in the evolution of capitalism: in the space of little more than decade the global system has been destabilized by a major financial crisis (2008) and the COVID-19 pandemic (2020), both with enduring socio-economic aftershocks, while the climate emergency is reaching existential proportions. In this Editorial Introduction we call for a bold ‘rethinking’ of public action - and especially spatial policy - to face these recurring crises, and we outline some pointers for more effective and inclusive policies.
Nurse-Provided Medication Guidance for Improving Drug Adherence to Thiopurines in Outpatients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Single-Center Prospective Study
Authors: Shinzaki Shinichiro , Sakagami Kayoko , Matsumoto Miki , Takehara Tetsuo , Ito Hiroaki 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Drug adherence is critically important for patients on thiopurines. We examined whether nurse-provided medication guidance improves drug adherence to thiopurines and clinical activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods
IBD outpatients taking a stable dose of thiopurines for 1 year were enrolled. After a baseline survey including the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS)-8, nurses provided medication guidance to each patient using a specialized leaflet. The same survey was conducted 2 and 6 months after the guidance.

Results
Among 110 enrolled patients, 74 met the analysis criteria. In the low adherence group (MMAS-8 &lt;6), the median MMAS-8 score significantly increased from 4 (range 1–5.75) to 5.25 (2–7) at 2 months (P = .0135) to 5.625 (2.5–7.75) at 6 months (P = .0004), but not in overall or the high adherence group (MMAS-8 ≥6). Older age (≥43 years, odds ratio [OR] = 5.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59–19.9, P = .0074) and shorter disease duration (&lt;129 months, OR = 6.78, 95% CI: 1.77–26.0, P = .0052) were independently associated with high adherence. Although clinical activity scores did not change during the observation period, the overall mean corpuscular volume (MCV) level significantly increased from 92.3 fL (61.4–105.5) to 92.5 (73.7–107.8) at 2 months (P = .0288) and 93.9 (74.4–107.6) at 6 months (P = .0062). MCV levels significantly increased in the low adherence group at 6 months (92.2 [72.2–105.5] to 94.0 [74.4–107.6], P = .0392) and tended to increase in the high adherence group (92.3 [61.4–101.2] to 93.6 [74.9–99.7], P = .0651).

Conclusions
Nurse-provided medication guidance improved drug adherence to thiopurines in IBD patients with low adherence and can also benefit those with high adherence.