bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyoscyamus labiatus sp. nov. (Solanaceae: Hyoscyameae) from Henan, China: implications for the delimitation of Hyoscyamus
Authors: Liu Yan-Yan , Wang Qi-Rui , Mi Zeng-Lu , Li Jia-Mei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Hyoscyamus, the largest genus in the tribe Hyoscyameae, harbors more than 20 species. Although the monophyly of Hyoscyamus is supported by both morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, the delimitation of Hyoscyamus has been hotly debated in different classifications. Here, we report a new species of Hyoscyamus (Solanaceae) from Henan Province, China, and discuss the delimitation of Hyoscyamus.
Results

This species is morphologically similar to the known species of Hyoscyamus and its close related genus Archihyoscyamus, but can be distinguished by corolla 2-lipped, adaxial lip 3-lobed and much longer than abaxial lips, tube slender at base, and stamens 5, inserted on inner side of disk, free, obviously unequal, and exceeding corolla. Phylogenetic analysis based on four chloroplast markers including rbcL, ndhF, trnC-psbM and trnL-trnF, strongly suggested that the new species was sister to a monophyletic group containing all species of Hyoscyamus and Archihyoscyamus previously described.
Conclusions

Both the morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analyses support the recognition of Hyoscyamus labiatus as a new species. Our study also showed that Archihyoscyamus should be a synonym of Hyoscyamus. The delimitation of Hyoscyamus is thus revised in our study.
Research on the Dynamic Response of Frame Structure under the Explosion Load of Acetylene-Air Mixture
Authors: Gao Jun , Zhang Xin , Liu Jiheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Explosion is the act of generating huge energy in an instant and spreading rapidly around it. Due to the suddenness, fast propagation speed and high peak load of explosions, compared with other natural disasters, the damage it brings to humans is more significant and difficult to prevent. Among them, the explosion of acetylene-air mixture is the most typical explosion problem. This paper uses SAP2000 finite element software to perform a fine simulation of actual explosion events, studies the effect of the explosion of acetylene-air mixture on the frame structure column, and discusses the displacement and acceleration changes of various components. Research shows that the use of the principle of linear assumption of explosive load can effectively simulate the actual explosion situation. The structural damage and deformation caused by the explosive load have locality and weak transmission. When the peak of the explosion load is larger, the structure deformation is greater, and the impact of the explosion load on the structure is isotropic.
Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Cell Therapy Based on Osteoblast Derived from Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Study Protocol for a Single-Center, Open-Label, Phase I Clinical Trial
Authors: Won Heejae , Kim Shin-Yoon , Lee Sunray , Park Hyun Sook , Baek Seung-Hoon 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundVarious techniques for joint preservation have been attempted in early stage of osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH), but the effects are still controversial. Recently, a combination therapy of core decompression (CD) and MSCs collected from bone marrow, adipocytes or human umbilical cord has been introduced, and satisfactory results have been reported. However, there is no study in which human umbilical cord-derived osteoblasts (hUC-O) were administered directly to the lesion in early ONFH. We have classified the location and size of lesions in early-stage ONFH, and will evaluate the hypothesis that the application of hUC-O is a safe and effective treatment.MethodsThis is a prospective, single-center, phase I and open-labeled clinical trial. Nine patients with Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) stage 1 or 2 ONFH will be assigned to a low-dose (n = 3, 1 ´ 107 hUC-O cells), medium-dose (n = 3, 2 ´ 107 cells), and high-dose group (n = 3, 4 ´ 107 cells) in the order of their arrival at the facility, and up to 18 patients will be enrolled depending on whether dose limiting toxicity occurs. We will perform CD on the participants, administer hUC-O according to the assigned group, and followed up for 12 weeks, including a total of 5 visits. This study will have 3 aims; first, to evaluate the safety of hUC-O through adverse events assessment, laboratory tests, vital sign assessment, physical examination, and electrocardiogram (ECG) test.; and second, to assess the clinical outcomes after hUC-O application by comparing pain visual analog scale (VAS), Harris Hip scores (HHS), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) before and after surgery; and third, to evaluate the radiographic results after hUC-O application by comparing extent of necrotic lesions according to the ARCO and Japanese Investigation Committee (JIC) classification on magnetic resonance imaging.DiscussionThis clinical trial is a pilot phase 1 study evaluating the safety and efficacy of hUC-O local application combined with CD in early-stage ONFH patients. This study will provide the useful information on the treatment with hUC-O for those suffering from ONFH.Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Center (CRIS) established at the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KDCA), KCT0006627. Registered 30 September 2021, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/20332
Emergence of Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes and Acute Adrenal Crisis Following COVID-19
Authors: Oğuz Seda Hanife , Gürlek Alper 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: Several case reports have indicated a possible link between Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and new-onset autoimmune disorders while co-precipitation of autoimmune type 1 diabetes and Addison’s disease has never been reported to date. Case Description: A 60-year-old male presented with extreme fatigue and weight loss three weeks after testing positive for COVID-19. The course of COVID-19 was mild, without pulmonary involvement. The patient showed symptoms and laboratory signs of new-onset diabetes without ketoacidosis and acute primary adrenal insufficiency, latter of which was confirmed with an ACTH stimulation test. GAD-65 antibody and antibodies to the adrenal cortex were positive in high titers, and the patient also had primary hypothyroidism associated with autoimmune thyroiditis. Previous medical records of the patient revealed no hyperglycemia or electrolyte abnormalities prior to current admission, but an earlier test result compatible with primary hypothyroidism. The patient was diagnosed with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II (APS II). Clinical and laboratory findings improved after starting appropriate hormone replacement therapies along with insulin. Conclusions: Evidence mostly obtained from case reports suggests that COVID-19 may induce a variety of autoimmune disorders in susceptible subjects. In our case, COVID-19 might have simply precipitated T1D and adrenal crisis in whom autoimmune thyroiditis may have been the first manifestation of an undiagnosed APS II. Or, COVID-19 may have triggered autoimmunity in the patient who was possibly predisposed to autoimmune disorders, and led to the development of APS II. Anyhow, more research is required to evaluate the possible link between COVID-19 and autoimmune disorders.
Different Stand types Alter Soil Properties and Microbial Community in Warm Temperate Forest
Authors: SHI Ce , WEI Yi-fan , ZHU Lin , ZHANG Run-zhe , YANG Hao , NIE Hao-liang , WANG Jiang , BO Hui-juan , NIE Li-shui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Soil microorganism play an important role in maintaining the structure and function in warm temperate forest ecosystem. In order to explore the characteristics of soil microbial community under different stand types in in warm temperate zone, Illunima Miseq High-throughput Sequencing was used to assess the soil bacteria (16S rRNA) and fungi (ITS rRNA) communities of five forest stands (Pinus tabulaeformis [PT], Juglans mandshurica [JM], Betula platyphylla [BP], Betula dahurica [BD] and Quercus mongolica [QM]) in Songshan Nature Reserve. The results showed that the bacterial diversity under Juglans mandshurica forest was higher than other types, the fungal diversity under Pinus tabulaeformis forest was higher than other types. The dominant phyla and gene of soil bacteria were similar in different stand types, but there were significant differences in abundance and dominant gene of fungal community. VPA analysis showed that soil explained 49.1% of the variance in bacterial community composition and 70.6% of the variance in fungal community composition. RDA analysis showed that the dominant phyla were significantly correlated with soil pH, SOM, TN and AN. Based on our results, there are significant differences in soil microbial community structure among different stand types. Consequently, our results have important implications for understanding the driving mechanisms that control the soil microbial community during warm temperate forest.
Individual Differences in Concurrent Developmental Trajectories of Pain and Insomnia in Adolescents Are Predicted by Chronotype and Arousal-causing Pre-sleep Behaviors.
Authors: Arnison Tor , Schrooten Martien G. S. , Bauducco Serena , Jansson-Fröjmark Markus , Persson Jonas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The onset of both chronic pain and insomnia is high during adolescence. Although a bidirectional relationship between pain and insomnia has support, how pain and sleep co-develop throughout adolescence remains unknown. Both sleep-wake patterns and pre-sleep behaviors that cause arousal may influence the co-development of pain and insomnia. Four waves of longitudinal self-report data were used (Nbaseline = 2767, Agebaseline M = 13.65 years, SD = 0.65). Multidimensional growth mixture modeling was used to identify four subgroups of adolescents with different concurrent trajectories of pain and insomnia. The trajectories followed each other across time in all classes: one class of consistently low pain and insomnia (68.7 %), one class with persistent high symptoms (4.9 %), as well as one class of increasing (13.9 %), and one of decreasing (12.5 %), trajectories. Later sleep-wake patterns and more pre-sleep behaviors causing cognitive-emotional arousal predicted both increasing and decreasing trajectories of concurrent pain and insomnia. The current study showed that developmental trajectories of pain and insomnia follow each other within adolescents and across adolescence. Both sleep-phase focused interventions as well as psychological interventions that focus on pre-sleep behaviors causing cognitive-emotional arousal may prove beneficial for adolescents with comorbid pain and insomnia.
Association of RAS mutations with early progression after first-line systemic therapy in patients with initially unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis
Authors: Cao Di , Li Cong , Zhou Chi , Zhang Weili , Lu Zhenhai , Pan Zhizhong , Chen Gong , Peng Jianhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Patients with initially unresectable colorectal cancer with liver metastases (IU-CRLM) need to undergo first-line systemic therapy with the aid of chemotherapy. However, the driver gene attributed to early progression in IU-CRLM patients after first-line systemic therapy remains unclear. Our study explored the RAS mutation status related to early progression in IU-CRLM patients.
Methods

A total of 193 IU-CRLM patients with RAS status detection were retrospectively enrolled from December 2012 to January 2020. We defined early progression as tumour progression within 6 months after first-line systemic therapy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression for early progression were implemented to identify the risk factors.
Results

RAS mutations were found in 51 (26.0%) IU-CRLM patients. A total of 107 (55.4%) patients were confirmed to have early progression after first-line systemic therapy. RAS mutation was significantly related to early disease progression (66.7% vs. 49.3%, P=0.033). Logistic analysis results showed that RAS mutation (OR=2.962, 95% CI 1.354-6.478, P=0.007) was an independent risk factor for early disease progression.
Conclusions

Mutated RAS was an important risk factor for early progression in IU-CRLM patients after first-line systemic therapy.
A semi-randomized study determining the psychological and physical effects of three types of eye masks on adult women
Authors: Murota Masako , Isoda Kazuko , Takahira Yuka , Kurahashi Tomiko , Tanaka Kanako , Sugimori Atuko , Yamamoto Yoko , Iwawaki Yoko 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Warm compresses are one of the nursing techniques clinically used to improve patients’ comfort and promote the treatment efficacy. Here the effects of eye masks (EM), heated eye masks (HEM), and aroma-scented heated eye masks (AHEM) and their potential as a nursing technique to provide comfort were studied.Methods: Participants in this study were 42 healthcare professionals (female, 20–60 years of age), who voluntarily consented to participate. They participated in all three interventions with EM, HEM, and AHEM at an interval of at least 1 week between interventions. Indicators used were low frequency to high frequency ratio (LF/HF), blood flow, axillary temperature, pulse rate, blood pressure, the salivary α-amylase activity (SAA), and the Profile of Mood States Second Edition (POMS).Results: Of 42 participants in total, 32 were included in the analysis. Their mean age was 46.8 years. The blood flow and axillary temperature values significantly increased and the LF/HF values and the pulse rates significantly decreased after the use of EM, HEM, or AHEM. The POMS Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) score and scores for six POMS subscales significantly decreased after the use of EM, HEM, or AHEM.Comparisons among the three groups showed differences in LF/HF. Scores for subscales of POMS also differed among the three groups.Conclusions: These results suggest that the use of EM, HEM, or AHEM intervention is safe with no major body burden. Parasympathetic nerves may be dominant after the EM, HEM, or AHEM interventions The TMD score improved after the EM, HEM, or AHEM intervention. The data suggest that the AHEM use is particularly effective in alleviating depression, dejection, and confusion after the intervention. These findings indicates that the EM, HEM, or AHEM use holds potential as a nursing technique to provide comfort.Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000018409Trial registration number: UMIN-CTR R000021207Date of registration: 07/24/2015
As Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Molecular Docking study of Barbituric Acid Derivatives from Phenobarbital
Authors: Fahad Mahmood M. , Shafiq Nusrat , Arshad Uzma , Radh Ali Jabbar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In spite of phenobarbital has been used in various medical fields as hypnotics, anxiolytics, and anticonvulsants, it also contains active functional groups that can be reacted to form other products as dyes, polymers, antimicrobial and anti-antioxidants agents. A series of barbituric acid derivatives containing 1,2,3,4-Tetrazoline moiety were synthesized from phenobarbital. Phenobarbital 1 as raw starting material was reacted with acrylonitrile compound to give diacetonitrile derivative 2, this compound was treated in two ways, urea and thiourea to form barbituric acid derivatives containing oxadiazole and thiadiazole ring 3, 4 respectively. The Schiff bases derivatives 5, 6 (a-c) were synthesized from reacting the latter compounds with three aromatic aldehydes. In the final step, the barbituric acid derivatives containing 1,2,3,4Tetrazoline moiety 7, 8 (a-c) were prepared by cycloaddition reaction between different Schiff bases derivatives and sodium azide. The compounds were characterized by Melting point, 13 C-NMR, 1 H-NMR and FTIR techniques. Also, the result compounds were tested against two kinds of bacteria and two kinds of fungi. Most of the prepared derivatives were showed a high and clear effect against different types of bacteria and fungi. Molecular docking of final barbituric acid derivatives 7, 8 (a, b) were investigated with Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD).
Ghrelin, Growth Hormone, and Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Levels in People With Protein C Deficiency
Authors: Dons-Jensen Anna , Horup Sascha Siig , Hvas Anne-Mette , Vestergaard Esben Thyssen , Johansen Rakel Fuglsang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Adiponectin Is Negatively Associated With Disease Activity and Sharp Score in Rheumatoid Arthritis: a Cross-sectional Study on Treatment-naïve Han Chinese Patients
Authors: Chen Xixi , Wang Kaiwen , Lu Tao , Wang Jiajia , Zhou Ting , Tian Juan , Zhou Bin , Long Li , Zhou Qiao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The association and potential role of the protein hormone adiponectin in autoimmune diseases causing musculoskeletal disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), are controversial. Conflicting results may arise from the influences of confounding factors linked to genetic backgrounds, disease stage, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and patients’ metabolic characteristics. Here, we examined serum level of adiponectin and its relationship with disease activity score 28 with erythrocytes sedimentation rate (DAS28[ESR]) and Sharp score in a treatment-naïve Han Chinese RA population.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 125 RA patients. Serum level of total adiponectin was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Other important clinical and laboratory parameters were collected from the hospital database. DAS28(ESR) was calculated according to the equation previously published. Sharp score was evaluated based on hands radiographs by an independent radiologist. The correlation between serum adiponectin level and DAS28(ESR) or the Sharp score was investigated by univariable and multivariable regression analyses. Multiple imputation by chained equations was used to account for missing data.Results: Univariable analyses showed significant positive correlation between DAS28(ESR) and age or C-Reactive Protein (CRP) (both p = 0.003), while serum adiponectin level was negatively correlated with DAS28(ESR) (p = 0.015). The negative correlation between adiponectin level and DAS28(ESR) remained true in multivariable analyses adjusted for confounders. In addition, the univariable analyses revealed positively correlations of Sharp score to disease duration (p < 0.001), CRP (p = 0.023) and ESR (p < 0.001). In the multivariable model adjusted for confounders, adiponectin was negatively correlated with Sharp score (p = 0.044).Conclusion: In this single-institution cross-sectional study, serum adiponectin level in treatment-naive RA patients is negatively correlated with DAS28(ESR) and the Sharp score after adjustment for prominent identified confounders. Serum adiponectin may be potentially useful for assessing disease activity and radiographic progression of RA.
Renewable Energy Demand, Financial Reforms and Environmental Quality in West Africa
Authors: Obuobi Bright , Zhang Yifeng , Nketiah Emmanuel , Adu-Gyamfi Gibbson , Cudjoe Dan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG-7) stipulates the need for clean energy, reduced carbon emissions, prevention of environmental degradation, promotion of biodiversity, and ecosystem preservation. Towards achieving these goals, this study provides new evidence on the causal link between renewable energy demand, financial reforms, economic growth, foreign direct investment, and environmental quality among emerging West African economies. The study adopted the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares, Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares, Pooled Mean group estimation and Granger causality test for its analysis. It was found that renewable energy demand has been favorable to the environmental health of West African economies. Also, financial reforms made within the region contributed to increasing the ecological footprints of the region. Direct investments from foreign companies showed encouraging results as it improves the environment quality. We also found a unidirectional causality from ecological footprints to renewable energy demand and financial reforms but a bidirectional relationship with economic growth and foreign direct investment. Moreover, it was evident that ecological footprints granger causes financial reforms and economic growth but not vice versa. Policy recommendations outlined encourages governments and policy-makers to embark on intensive clean energy technologies and effective green financial reforms to help achieve Sustainable Development Goals.
Polypyrrole Induced By Carbon Nanotube To Form Mutiple-Strand Helix
Authors: Gong Wendi , Zhang Danhui , Liang Ruquan , Zhang Dengbo , Liang Shiming , Liu Anmin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this manuscript, a molecular dynamics simulation is used to study the formation of multiple-strand helix through polypyrrole induced by carbon nanotube. The results exhibit that the multiple polypyrrole chains arranged in parallel can self-assemble to helix. The formation machenisum is also illustrated in detail. The formation process may experience two stages which are insertion and torsion. Both the van der Waals potential well and the π–π stacking interaction among the multiple polypyrrole and carbon nanotube play a major role in the self-assemble process. Furthermore, a lot of factors such as the chain number of polypyrrole, the length of polymer and the simulation temperature influence the final configuration of composite. This theory research can provide valuable theoretical support for design and manufacture hybrid structures in the fields of advanced composite materials and functional devices.
Clinical Efficacy of Radiotherapy Combined with Surgery for Locally Advanced Gastric Signet-Ring-Cell Carcinoma: A SEER Database Analysis
Authors: Lin Xiaohan , Chen Biyu , Zheng Wei , Yang Shugang , Zhu Guangwei , Wang Jinzhou , Huang Yongjian , Ye Jianxin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy of radiotherapy combined with surgery for locally advanced gastric signet-ring-cell carcinoma (GSRCC). Methods: Clinical data of patients with locally advanced GSRCC diagnosed by postoperative pathology from 2000-2016 were collected from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. All the enrolled patients were divided into three groups according to treatment type: surgery alone (S; N=727), surgery with preoperative radiotherapy (RT+S; N=138), surgery with postoperative radiotherapy (S+RT; N=548). Results: The median overall survival (OS) time in S, RT+S and S+RT group was 19, 26 and 33 months, respectively; the overall survival (OS) rate was 19.5%, 26.9% and 34.0%, respectively; the median cancer-specific survival (CSS) time was 29, 31 and 43 months, respectively; and the CSS rate was 32,4%, 35.3% and 43.6%, respectively. After performing propensity score matching (PSM), it was found that the OS rate was significantly lower in S group than in RT+S or S+RT group (all P<0.05) and the CSS rate was lower in the SA group than in the S+RT group (P<0.0001) while there was no significant difference between S and RT+S groups. The OS and CSS were not significantly different between RT+S and S+RT groups. Cox multivariate analysis showed that radiotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for OS and CSS of locally advanced GSRCC.Conclusions: Compared to surgery alone, surgery combined with preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy is beneficial to the long-term survival of patients with locally advanced GSRCC.