bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Pancreaticoduodenectomy in Elderly Patients: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhu Jisheng , Wang Guiyan , Du Peng , He Jianpeng , Li Yong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) for pancreatic head or periampullary lesions is being utilized with increasing frequency. However, few data are available for the elderly. The objective of this study is to assess the safety and feasibility of MIPD in elderly population, by making a comparison with conventional open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) and with non‐elderly population.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search to identify all eligible studies in Cochrane Library, Ovid, and PubMed from their inception up to April 2020.ResultsSeven retrospective studies involving 2727 patients were included. Of these, 3 compared MIPD and OPD in elderly patients, 2 compared MIPD in elderly and non‐elderly patients, and 2 included both outcomes. Compared to those with OPD, elderly patients who underwent MIPD were associated with less 90‐day mortality (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.32–0.97; P = 0.04) and fewer delayed gastric emptying (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33–0.88; P = 0.01). On the other hand, no significant difference was observed in terms of 30‐day mortality, major morbidity, postoperative pancreatic fistula (grade B/C), postoperative hemorrhage, reoperation, 30‐day readmission, and operative time. For patients who have treated with MIPD, elderly did not reveal worse outcomes than non‐elderly.ConclusionMIPD is a safe and feasible procedure for select elderly patients if performed by experienced surgeons from high‐volume pancreatic surgery centers. However, further randomized studies are required to confirm this.
Role of the South China Sea in Southern China rainfall: meridional moisture flux transport
Authors: Li Xiangting , Wang Chunzai , Lan Jian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe South China Sea (SCS) serves as the main source of moisture for rainfall in Southern China (SC) and the meridional moisture transport to SC is dominated by wind changes during the first rainy season (April–June). El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Tropical Northwestern Pacific (TNWP) variability modulate the SC rainfall through anomalous anticyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific by strengthening the SCS meridional moisture transport to SC. However, our study indicates that the SCS is not only the intermediary in which ENSO or the TNWP affects the SC rainfall but also plays an independent role in the modulation of the SC rainfall. Notably, the SCS meridional moisture transport has a lower impact on the SC rainfall during the second rainy season (July–September), especially in July. At that time, the main cause of the SC rainfall is the southward moisture flux anomaly across its northern boundary with the anomalous cyclone over SC. This cyclone suppresses the moisture flux out of SC and leads to moisture convergence in SC. Moreover, we present a new concept by analyzing internal differences of moisture circulation during the second rainy season. Either strengthening the meridional moisture flux into SC across its southern boundary or suppressing the moisture flux out of SC across its northern boundary is important depending on whether or not the moisture from the SCS can converge in SC, which is mainly determined by the amplitude of moisture transport fluxes in SC.
Outcomes of first versus third kidney transplantations: propensity score matching and paired subgroup analysis—a single-centre experience
Authors: Telkes Gábor , Piros László , Szabó József , Huszty Gergely , Eitler Katalin , Kóbori László 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
In the Eurotransplant, 12.6% of kidney transplantations are a repeat procedure. Third transplants are significantly more complex than first and second ones. We compared the results of first (PRT) versus third (TRT) transplantations.

Methods
Between 2011 and 2016, we performed 779 deceased donor adult kidney transplantations, 14.2% out of them were second, 2.6% (20) third, and 0.3% fourth. We compared the pre-, intra-, and postoperative data, kidney function, and survival rate.

Results
Recipients of TRT were younger (53.4 vs. 47.3 p = 0.02). HCV infection rate (20%, p = 0.00) is ten times higher. The operation time is longer (132 vs. 152 min, p = 0.02), and delayed graft function is much more frequent (22.4% vs. 60%, p = 0.00). Induction therapy was given to every TRT (7.9% vs.100%), but as a result, the rejection rate was the same (~ 15%). Hospital stay is a week longer. Patient’s survival at 1, 3, and 5 years for PRT is 96.4%, 93.9%, and 91.2% and for TRT is 90%, 85%, and 78.4%, respectively (p = 0.023). TRT’s odds ratio of fatal outcome is 4.35 (1.5–12.5). Graft survival at 1, 3, and 5 years for PRT is 93.1%, 91.4%, and 90.3% and for TRT is 75%, 75%, and 75%, respectively (p = 0.020). TRT’s odds ratio of graft loss is 3.14 (1.1–8.9). Of PRT 85.76%, out of PRT 85.76%, while out of TRT 60% live with a functioning graft, p=0.00149.

Conclusion
In a third transplant, both graft and patient survival are significantly inferior to primer ones. Careful selection is required to minimize the patient risk and graft loss.
Primary MiNEN of the urinary bladder: an hitherto undescribed entity composed of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma with a distinct clinical behavior
Authors: Pini Giacomo Maria , Uccella Silvia , Corinti Matteo , Colecchia Maurizio , Pelosi Giuseppe , Patriarca Carlo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNeuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) of the urinary bladder are very rare and can be observed in the context of mixed neuroendocrine/non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs), most frequently in association with urothelial carcinoma. Small cell NECs are far more common than large cell NECs (LCNECs), which are exceedingly rare. We describe a primary MiNEN of the urinary bladder, composed of a LCNEC and of an adenocarcinoma, in which the neuroendocrine component reached complete pathological regression after neoadjuvant M-VAC chemotherapy, whereas the non-neuroendocrine component of the tumor progressed to metastatic disease. Compared to mixed neuroendocrine/non-neuroendocrine neoplasms described in the literature until now, this appears to be a unique case that expands the spectrum of neuroendocrine neoplasia of the urinary bladder.
Impact of biometeorological conditions and air pollution on influenza-like illnesses incidence in Warsaw
Authors: Lindner-Cendrowska Katarzyna , Bröde Peter 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn order to assess the influence of atmospheric conditions and particulate matter (PM) on the seasonally varying incidence of influenza-like illnesses (ILI) in the capital of Poland—Warsaw, we analysed time series of ILI reported for the about 1.75 million residents in total and for different age groups in 288 approximately weekly periods, covering 6 years 2013–2018. Using Poisson regression, we predicted ILI by the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) as biometeorological indicator, and by PM2.5 and PM10, respectively, as air quality measures accounting for lagged effects spanning up to 3 weeks. Excess ILI incidence after adjusting for seasonal and annual trends was calculated by fitting generalized additive models. ILI morbidity increased with rising PM concentrations, for both PM2.5 and PM10, and with cooler atmospheric conditions as indicated by decreasingUTCI. While the PM effect focused on the actual reporting period, the atmospheric influence exhibited a more evenly distributed lagged effect pattern over the considered 3-week period. Though ILI incidence adjusted for population size significantly declined with age, age did not significantly modify the effect sizes of both PM andUTCI. These findings contribute to better understanding environmental conditionings of influenza seasonality in a temperate climate. This will be beneficial to forecasting future dynamics of ILI and to planning clinical and public health resources under climate change scenarios.
The course of health-related quality of life from diagnosis to two years follow-up in patients with oropharyngeal cancer: does HPV status matter?
Authors: Korsten Laura H. A. , Jansen Femke , Lissenberg-Witte Birgit I. , Vergeer Marije , Brakenhoff Ruud H. , Leemans C. René , Verdonck-de Leeuw Irma M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the course of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) from diagnosis to 2 years follow-up among patients with oropharyngeal cancer (OPSCC), in relation to human papilloma virus (HPV) status.

Methods
This study included 270 OPSCC patients. Age, sex, tumor sublocation, tumor stage, HPV status, treatment modality, comorbidity, smoking, and alcohol use were retrieved from medical records. HPV status was positive when p16 and HPV DNA tests were both positive. HRQOL was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30/QLQ-H&N35 pretreatment and at 6 weeks, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after treatment. To compare the course of HRQOL between patients with an HPV-positive versus HPV-negative tumor, linear and logistic mixed models were used.

Results
Patients with an HPV-positive tumor (29%) were more often male, diagnosed with a tumor of the tonsil or base of the tongue, treated with single treatment, had fewer comorbidities, were less often current smokers and had lower alcohol consumption. Adjusted for confounders, the course of global quality of life, physical, role, and social functioning, fatigue, pain, insomnia, and appetite loss was significantly different: patients with an HPV-positive tumor scored better before treatment, worsened during treatment, and recovered better and faster at follow-up, compared to patients with an HPV-negative tumor. The course of emotional functioning and oral pain was also significantly different between the two groups, but with other trajectories.

Conclusion
The course of HRQOL is different in patients with an HPV-positive tumor versus an HPV-negative tumor, adjusted for sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle confounders.
Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species
Authors: Reber Stephan A. , Oh Jinook , Janisch Judith , Stevenson Colin , Foggett Shaun , Wilkinson Anna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBehavioral predispositions are innate tendencies of animals to behave in a given way without the input of learning. They increase survival chances and, due to environmental and ecological challenges, may vary substantially even between closely related taxa. These differences are likely to be especially pronounced in long-lived species like crocodilians. This order is particularly relevant for comparative cognition due to its phylogenetic proximity to birds. Here we compared early life behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species. We exposed American alligator and spectacled caiman hatchlings to three different novel situations: a novel object, a novel environment that was open and a novel environment with a shelter. This was then repeated a week later. During exposure to the novel environments, alligators moved around more and explored a larger range of the arena than the caimans. When exposed to the novel object, the alligators reduced the mean distance to the novel object in the second phase, while the caimans further increased it, indicating diametrically opposite ontogenetic development in behavioral predispositions. Although all crocodilian hatchlings face comparable challenges, e.g., high predation pressure, the effectiveness of parental protection might explain the observed pattern. American alligators are apex predators capable of protecting their offspring against most dangers, whereas adult spectacled caimans are frequently predated themselves. Their distancing behavior might be related to increased predator avoidance and also explain the success of invasive spectacled caimans in the natural habitats of other crocodilians.
High-frequency spinal cord stimulation in failed back surgery syndrome patients with predominant low back pain—single-center experience
Authors: Motov Stefan , Aftahy Kaywan , Jörger Ann-Kathrin , Wagner Arthur , Meyer Bernhard , Shiban Ehab 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTreatment of patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) with predominant low back pain (LBP) remains challenging. High-frequency spinal cord stimulation (HF10 SCS) is believed to achieve significant pain reduction. We aimed to evaluate the real-life efficacy of HF-10 SCS in a tertiary spine center. A prospective observational study of all patients with FBSS and predominant LBP who underwent HF-10 SCS surgery was performed between 2016 and 2018. Patients > 18 years with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of ≥ 5 for LBP and pain duration > 6 months under stable medication were implanted percutaneous under general anesthesia and a trial phase of 7–14 days was accomplished. Primary end point was a successful trial defined as ≥ 50% VAS score reduction for LBP. Thirty-four of 39 (85%) subjects had a successful trial. Fifty-three percent were female and the mean age was 69 years. Median follow-up lasted for 10 months. Devices were removed after a median of 10 months in 5 cases. Remaining 29 patients stated significant VAS score reduction for LBP from 8.1 to 2.9 and VAS for leg pain from 4.9 to 2.2. Twenty-four percent of all patients were able to discontinue their opioids. Eight of 9 patients (89%) with signs of adjacent disc disease and 7 of 10 (70%) patients with hardware failure were successfully implanted with significant VAS reduction for LBP. HF-10 SCS achieves significant pain reduction in most patients with FBSS and predominant LBP. It might be an efficient alternative to revision surgery.
Counting the dimension of splines of mixed smoothness
Authors: Toshniwal Deepesh , DiPasquale Michael 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study the dimension of bivariate polynomial splines of mixed smoothness on polygonal meshes. Here, “mixed smoothness” refers to the choice of different orders of smoothness across different edges of the mesh. To study the dimension of spaces of such splines, we use tools from homological algebra. These tools were first applied to the study of splines by Billera (Trans. Am. Math. Soc.310(1), 325–340, 1988). Using them, estimation of the spline space dimension amounts to the study of the Billera-Schenck-Stillman complex for the spline space. In particular, when the homology in positions 1 and 0 of this complex is trivial, the dimension of the spline space can be computed combinatorially. We call such spline spaces “lower-acyclic.” In this paper, starting from a spline space which is lower-acyclic, we present sufficient conditions that ensure that the same will be true for the spline space obtained after relaxing the smoothness requirements across a subset of the mesh edges. This general recipe is applied in a specific setting: meshes of arbitrary topologies. We show how our results can be used to compute the dimensions of spline spaces on triangulations, polygonal meshes, and T-meshes with holes.
Performance agreements to ensure societal legitimacy in the social housing sector; an embedded case study of implementation in the Netherlands
Authors: Plettenburg S. G. J. , Hoppe T. , van der Heijden H. M. H. , Elsinga M. G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn 2015 the Housing Act was revised in order to further regulate the social housing sector in the Netherlands and thereby improve the steering possibilities for the central government to coordinate housing associations. This included local performance agreements for social housing policy obtaining a legal status. By introducing this policy instrument central government seeks to facilitate and ensure the tri-partite cooperation between municipalities, housing associations and tenants’ organisations in order to release funds by housing associations for social benefit. This should improve the position of municipalities and tenants’ organisations in social housing, and improve legitimate policy making. In this paper the main research question is: How are local performance agreements implemented targeting increased societal legitimacy in local social housing policy making, and what are its strengths and weaknesses in three selected cases in the Netherlands? A case study research design was used involving three local embedded case studies. As a theoretical framework the Contextual Interaction Theory was used. Data collection involved expert interviews and review of policy documents. Results reveal several weaknesses that impede the implementation of performance agreements, including issues in the broader governance regime and context, as well as issues with the inter-organisational structure and stakeholder interaction regarding the tri-partite cooperation between the key actors. This has to do with the precarious role of the tenants’ organisations in the process, and the local housing policy as the basis of local performance agreements. Results also show that implementation of performance agreements is more difficult in cities with dense urban areas.
Virtual Loom: a tool for the interactive 3D representation of historical fabrics
Authors: Portalés Cristina , Pérez Manolo , Casanova-Salas Pablo , Gimeno Jesús 
Published: January 2021

Abstract3D modelling of man-made objects is widely used in the cultural heritage sector, among others. It is relevant for its documentation, dissemination and preservation. Related to historical fabrics, weaves and weaving techniques are still mostly represented in forms of 2D graphics and textual descriptions. However, complex geometries are difficult to represent in such forms, hindering the way this legacy is transmitted to new generations. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of SILKNOW’s Virtual Loom, an interactive tool aimed to document, preserve and represent in interactive 3D forms historical weaves and weaving techniques of silk fabrics, dating from the 15th to the 19th centuries. To that end, our tool only requires an image of a historical fabric. Departing from this image, the tool automatically subtracts the design, and allows the user to apply different weaves and weaving techniques. In its current version, the tool embeds five traditional weaving techniques, 39 weaves and six types of yarns, which have been defined thanks to close collaboration of experts in computer graphics, art history and historical fabrics. Additionally, users can change the color of yarns and produce different 3D representations for a given fabric, which are interactive in real time. In this paper, we bring the details of the design and implementation of this tool, focusing on the input data, the strategy to process images, the 3D modelling of yarns, the definition of weaves and weaving techniques and the graphical user interface. In the results section, we show some examples of image analysis in order to subtract the design of historical fabrics, and then we provide 3D representations for all the considered weaving techniques, combining different types of yarns.
Children’s surface, textbase, and situation model representations of written and illustrated written narrative text
Authors: Seger Benedikt T. , Wannagat Wienke , Nieding Gerhild 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAccording to the tripartite model of text representation (van Dijk & Kintsch, 1983), readers form representations of the text surface and textbase, and construct a situation model. In this study, an experiment was conducted to investigate whether these levels of representation would be affected by adding illustrations to narrative text and whether the order of text and illustrations would make a difference. Students aged between 7 and 13 years (N = 146) read 12 narrative texts, 4 of them with illustrations presented before their corresponding sentences, 4 with illustrations presented after, and 4 without any illustration. A sentence recognition task was used to assess the accuracy for text surface, textbase, and situation model. For the text surface and situation model, neither the presence of illustrations nor the order of text and illustrations influenced accuracy. However, the textbase was negatively affected by illustrations when they followed their corresponding sentences. We suggest that illustrations can initiate model inspection after situation model construction (Schnotz, 2014), a process that can make substantial changes to the textbase representation.
Bariatric Surgery in Adults with Obesity: the Impact on Performance, Metabolism, and Health Indices
Authors: Jabbour Georges , Salman Ahmad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis systematic review summarizes current evidence on the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) on physical performance, metabolic, and health indices in adults with obesity. This systematic review suggests that BS induced significant reductions in body weight, fat mass, and fat-free mass in individuals with obesity. Additionally, BS may improve many physical fitness and health indicators. Observed improvements manifest during a distinct period of time. To date, studies on BS and performance have been small in number, nonrandomized in design, and not controlled regarding gender distribution and/or post-surgery follow-up. Future studies should further investigate concerns associated with understanding of BS outcomes to improve these outcomes with potential benefits for quality of life, disability, mortality, morbidity, and overall BS success.
Judging accidental harm: Due care and foreseeability of side effects
Authors: Margoni Francesco , Surian Luca 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBoth in philosophy and in cognitive psychology, models of moral judgment posit that individuals take into account both agents’ intentions and actions’ outcomes. The present research focused on a third crucial piece of information, agents’ negligence. In Study 1, participants judged the moral wrongness and punishability of agents’ actions that resulted in negative side effects. In the scenarios, we orthogonally manipulated whether the agent acted with or without due care and whether she had or did not have information to foresee the negative side effects of her actions. Participants judged careless agents more condemnable than careful agents, especially when negative side effects could have been easily foreseen. In Study 2, we manipulated due care in acting in cases where the agent’s primary intention was to bring about a certain outcome without knowing that such outcome would actually be harmful. Here information about the foreseeability of negative outcomes was not provided, and participants judged actions performed with care more wrong and punishable than actions performed without care. This suggests that sometimes acting carefully and nevertheless causing harm may constitute evidence of the presence of negative intentions in the agents or evidence of the fact that agents indeed could have foreseen the negative effects of their actions. Together, these findings indicate that carefulness in acting and foreseeability are highly intertwined in moral judgment, and highlight the need to improve existing processing models of moral judgment to account for people’s evaluation of agents and actions whenever negligence can be attributed.