bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kenaikan Berat Badan pada Pengguna KB Suntik 3 Bulan
Authors: Nasution Pratiwi , Harahap Novy Ramini , Zuiatna Dian 
Published: February 2021

Pendahuluan: Data drop out penggunaan alat kontrasepsi di Puskesmas Gebang dari bulan Januari – Desember 2018 sebanyak 192 akseptor KB (8,79%) dimana diketahui bahwa dari 10 orang akseptor KB, 5 akseptor KB menyatakan mengalami kenaikan berat badan 5 kg selama penggunaan KB suntik 3 bulan dan 3 akseptor KB mengalami kenaikan berat badan 1-5 kg selama penggunaan KB suntik 3 bulan. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kenaikan berat badan pada pengguna KB suntik 3 bulan di Puskesmas Gebang Kabupaten Langkat Tahun 2019. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain survei analitik, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pegambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling yaitu seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel sebanyak 32 ibu yang menggunakan KB suntik 3 bulan. Pengumpulan data dengan data primer, sekunder dan tertier. Analisa data menggunakan analisa univariat dan bivariat. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di ketahui variabel penelitian umur dengan nilai p-value 0,043 dari nilai α 0,05, 0,017 dari nilai α 0,05 untuk pekerjaan, 0,035 dari nilai α 0,05 untuk pola makan, 0,568 dari nilai α 0,05 tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan Kenaikan berat badan, hasil penelitian di ketahui nilai p-value 0,378 dari nilai α 0,05 tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara sumber informasi dengan Kenaikan berat badan. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan umur, pekerjaan, pola makan dan tidak ada hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dan sumber infomasi.
Pengaruh Konsumsi Telur Ayam Kampung Rebus terhadap Perubahan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III di Kediri
Authors: Wulandari Siswi 
Published: February 2021

Latar Belakang : penyebab praktis terjadinya penuruhan kadar Hb yang di alami ibu hamil yaitu kurangnya absorbsi zat besi di dalam tubuh, sehingga kadar Hb dalam darah kurang memenuhi kebutuhan. Upaya yang bisa di lakukan untuk mengatasi anemia pada ibu hamil dengan menganjurkan kepada ibu untuk mengkonsumsi telur ayam rebus (ayam kampung) untuk meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin. Tujuan : penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh mengkonsumsi telur ayam rebus (ayam kampung) terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil trimester III. Metode : penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan lingkup penelitian termasuk jenis penelitian statistik inferensial. Kelompok subjek di observasi sebelum dilakukan perlakuan, kemudian di observasi lagi setelah perlakuan. Berdasarkan ada tidaknya perlakuan termasuk dalam penelitian pre eksperimen tipe one group pre-test and post test design. Hasil : penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kadar hemoglobin responden sebelum mengkonsumsi telur ayam rebus (ayam kampung) yaitu 8,73 gr/dl, sesudah konsumsi telur ayam rebus yaitu 11,20 gr/dl atau kadar hemoglobin responden sesudah mengkonsumsi telur ayam rebus (ayam kampung) mengalami peningkatan. Kesimpulan : penelitian ini ada pengaruh kadar hemoglobin sebelum dan sesudah mengkonsumsi telur ayam rebus (ayam kampung) pada ibu hamil trimester III.
Evaluasi Sistem Surveilans Tuberkulosis (TB) di Kabupaten Jember Berdasarkan Atribut Sistem Surveilans
Authors: Uddin Liliana , Wahyuni Chatarina Umbul , Setiawan Arif Yoni 
Published: February 2021

Selama tahun 2016-2018 Kabupaten Jember memiliki capaian Case Detection Rate (CDR) dibawah target nasional, sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya yang memadai dan komprehensif guna mendukung sistem surveilans TB dalam rangka memecahkan masalah TB. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan kualitas sistem surveilans TB berdasarkan penilaian atribut sistem surveilans untuk memberikan rekomendasi yang tepat. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi deskriptif dengan rancangan studi evaluasi. Penelitian evaluasi dilakukan pada sistem surveilans TB yang diimplementasikan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Jember selama tahun 2018. Responden adalah pengelola program TB di Dinas Kesehatan dan di 24 Puskesmas. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggambarkan atribut sistem surveilans, serta membandingkan dengan Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Sistems dari Central of Disease Control (CDC). Informasi yang diperoleh disampaikan dalam bentuk tabel dan dinarasikan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa sistem surveilans tuberculosis di Dinkes Jember tahun 2019 sudah memenuhi atribut fleksibilitas, kualitas data tinggi, akseptabilitas, ketepatan waktu, kerepresentatifan, dan stabilitas yang tinggi. Sedangkan atribut sistem surveilans TB yang belum terpenuhi adalah keserderhanaan. Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah perlu meningkatakan kapasitas kualitas petugas TB dan Petugas Report/Record (RR) melalui berbagai pelatihan serta melakukan monitoring secara terus menerus.
‘You have to run it like a company’
Authors: Košmerl Tadej , Mikulec Borut 
Published: February 2021

This paper identifies some of the key characteristics of the marketisation of adult learning and education (ALE) and analyses the effects in the contexts of Germany (focusing on Bavaria) and Slovenia. ALE policies and institutional practices are analysed through the method of document analysis and interviews. Policy models of ALE proposed by Lima and Guimarães—the democratic–emancipatory model, the modernisation and state control model, and the human resources management model—are used as an analytical framework. Our findings indicate that the latter model prevails in the analysed policies, while the market forces are introduced on the organisational level of ALE from ‘below’ through the increased influence of the market demand coming from the learners/customers, and from ‘above’ through calls for tenders that shape the ‘quasi-market’ in which the ALE organisations compete for funding. However, signs of resistance to the marketisation of ALE practices are also identified.
Circulating microRNA-125b Levels Are Associated With the Risk of Vascular Calcification in Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Chao Chia-Ter , Han Der-Sheng , Huang Jenq-Wen 
Published: February 2021

Background: Vascular calcification (VC) is a subclinical manifestation of vascular disease burden among older adults, conferring an elevated mortality risk. Biomarkers capable of detecting and risk-stratifying VC associated with advanced age remains unavailable, impeding our effort to provide optimal care to geriatric patients.Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether circulating miR-125b served as a potential indicator for VC in relatively healthy older adults.Methods: Community-dwelling older adults (age ≥65) were prospectively recruited during 2017, followed by clinical features documentation and VC rating based on aortic arch calcification (AAC) and abdominal aortic calcification (AbAC). Multiple logistic regression was done to evaluate the relationship between circulating miR-125b levels, VC presence and severity, followed by selecting the optimal cutoff point for VC diagnosis.Results: A total of 343 relatively healthy older adults (median age, 73.8 years; 40% male; 59.8% having AAC) were enrolled, with a median circulating miR-125b level of 0.012 (interquartile range, 0.003–0.037). Those with more severe AAC had progressively decreasing miR-125b levels (p&lt;0.001). Multiple regression analyses showed that having higher miR-125b levels based on the median value were associated with a substantially lower risk of AAC [odds ratio (OR) 0.022, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.011–0.044] compared to those having lower ones. An optimal cutoff of miR-125b for identifying AAC in older adults was 0.008, with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.86 and 0.80, respectively. Similar findings were obtained when using AbAC as the endpoint.Conclusions: We found that miR-125b serves as an independent indicator for VC in relatively healthy older adults, and may potentially be linked with VC pathophysiology.
Compound Heterozygous KCNQ1 Mutations Causing Recessive Romano–Ward Syndrome: Functional Characterization by Mutant Co-expression
Authors: González-Garrido Antonia , Domínguez-Pérez Mayra , Jacobo-Albavera Leonor , López-Ramírez Omar , Guevara-Chávez José Guadalupe , Zepeda-García Oscar , Iturralde Pedro , Carnevale Alessandra , Villarreal-Molina Teresa 
Published: February 2021

Next Generation Sequencing has identified many KCNQ1 genetic variants associated with type 1 long QT or Romano-Ward syndrome, most frequently inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, although recessive forms have been reported. Particularly in the case of missense variants, functional studies of mutants are of aid to establish variant pathogenicity and to understand the mechanistic basis of disease. Two compound heterozygous KCNQ1 mutations (p.A300T and p.P535T) were previously found in a child who suffered sudden death. To provide further insight into the clinical significance and basis for pathogenicity of these variants, different combinations of wildtype, A300T and P535T alleles were co-expressed with the accessory β-subunit minK in HEK293 cells, to analyze colocalization with the plasma membrane and some biophysical phenotypes of homo and heterotetrameric channels using the patch-clamp technique. A300T homotetrameric channels showed left-shifted activation V1/2 as previously observed in Xenopus oocytes, decreased maximum conductance density, slow rise-time300ms, and a characteristic use-dependent response. A300T slow rise-time300ms and use-dependent response behaved as dominant biophysical traits for all allele combinations. The P535T variant significantly decreased maximum conductance density and Kv7.1-minK-plasma membrane colocalization. P535T/A300T heterotetrameric channels showed decreased colocalization with plasma membrane, slow rise-time300ms and the A300T characteristic use-dependent response. While A300T left shifted activation voltage dependence behaved as a recessive trait when co-expressed with WT alleles, it was dominant when co-expressed with P535T alleles.Conclusions: The combination of P535T/A300T channel biophysical properties is compatible with recessive Romano Ward syndrome. Further analysis of other biophysical traits may identify other mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of this disease.
Chenodeoxycholic Acid Modulates Bile Acid Synthesis Independent of Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 in Primary Human Hepatocytes
Authors: Johansson Helene , Søndergaard Jonas Nørskov , Jorns Carl , Kutter Claudia , Ellis Ewa C. S. 
Published: February 2021

Bile acids (BAs) are detergents essential for intestinal absorption of lipids. Disruption of BA homeostasis can lead to severe liver damage. BA metabolism is therefore under strict regulation by sophisticated feedback mechanisms. The hormone-like protein Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is essential for maintaining BA homeostasis by down regulating BA synthesis. Here, the impact of both FGF19 and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) on primary human hepatocytes was investigated and a possible autocrine/paracrine function of FGF19 in regulation of BA synthesis evaluated. Primary human hepatocytes were treated with CDCA, recombinant FGF19 or conditioned medium containing endogenously produced FGF19. RNA sequencing revealed that treatment with CDCA causes deregulation of transcripts involved in BA metabolism, whereas treatment with FGF19 had minor effects. CDCA increased FGF19 mRNA expression within 1 h. We detected secretion of the resulting FGF19 protein into medium, mimicking in vivo observations. Furthermore, medium enriched with endogenously produced FGF19 reduced BA synthesis by down regulating CYP7A1 gene expression. However, following knockdown of FGF19, CDCA still independently decreased BA synthesis, presumably through the regulatory protein small heterodimer partner (SHP). In summary, we show that in primary human hepatocytes CDCA regulates BA synthesis in an FGF19-independent manner.
Effects of Melatonin on Neurobehavior and Cognition in a Cerebral Palsy Model of plppr5−/− Mice
Authors: Sun Yuxiao , Ma Liya , Jin Meifang , Zheng Yuqin , Wang Dandan , Ni Hong 
Published: February 2021

Cerebral palsy (CP), a group of clinical syndromes caused by non-progressive brain damage in the developing fetus or infant, is one of the most common causes of lifelong physical disability in children in most countries. At present, many researchers believe that perinatal cerebral hypoxic ischemic injury or inflammatory injury are the main causes of cerebral palsy. Previous studies including our works confirmed that melatonin has a protective effect against convulsive brain damage during development and that it affects the expression of various molecules involved in processes such as metabolism, plasticity and signaling in the brain. Integral membrane protein plppr5 is a new member of the plasticity-related protein family, which is specifically expressed in brain and spinal cord, and induces filopodia formation as well as neurite growth. It is highly expressed in the brain, especially in areas of high plasticity, such as the hippocampus. The signals are slightly lower in the cortex, the cerebellum, and in striatum. Noteworthy, during development plppr5 mRNA is expressed in the spinal cord, i.e., in neuron rich regions such as in medial motor nuclei, suggesting that plppr5 plays an important role in the regulation of neurons. However, the existing literature only states that plppr5 is involved in the occurrence and stability of dendritic spines, and research on its possible involvement in neonatal ischemic hypoxic encephalopathy has not been previously reported. We used plppr5 knockout (plppr5−/−) mice and their wild-type littermates to establish a model of hypoxicischemic brain injury (HI) to further explore the effects of melatonin on brain injury and the role of plppr5 in this treatment in an HI model, which mainly focuses on cognition, exercise, learning, and memory. All the tests were performed at 3–4 weeks after HI. As for melatonin treatment, which was performed 5 min after HI injury and followed by every 24h. In these experiments, we found that there was a significant interaction between genotype and treatment in novel object recognition tests, surface righting reflex tests and forelimb suspension reflex tests, which represent learning and memory, motor function and coordination, and the forelimb grip of the mice, respectively. However, a significant main effect of genotype and treatment on performance in all behavioral tests were observed. Specifically, wild-type mice with HI injury performed better than plppr5−/− mice, regardless of treatment with melatonin or vehicle. Moreover, treatment with melatonin could improve behavior in the tests for wild-type mice with HI injury, but not for plppr5−/− mice. This study showed that plppr5 knockout aggravated HI damage and partially weakened the neuroprotection of melatonin in some aspects (such as novel object recognition test and partial nerve reflexes), which deserves further study.
Whole Genome Sequencing Prioritizes CHEK2, EWSR1, and TIAM1 as Possible Predisposition Genes for Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Srivastava Aayushi , Giangiobbe Sara , Skopelitou Diamanto , Miao Beiping , Paramasivam Nagarajan , Diquigiovanni Chiara , Bonora Elena , Hemminki Kari , Försti Asta , Bandapalli Obul Reddy 
Published: February 2021

Familial inheritance in non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) is an area that has yet to be adequately explored. Despite evidence suggesting strong familial clustering of non-syndromic NMTC, known variants still account for a very small percentage of the genetic burden. In a recent whole genome sequencing (WGS) study of five families with several NMTCs, we shortlisted promising variants with the help of our in-house developed Familial Cancer Variant Prioritization Pipeline (FCVPPv2). Here, we report potentially disease-causing variants in checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2), Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (EWSR1) and T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-inducing protein 1 (TIAM1) in one family. Performing WGS on three cases, one probable case and one healthy individual in a family with familial NMTC left us with 112254 variants with a minor allele frequency of less than 0.1%, which was reduced by pedigree-based filtering to 6368. Application of the pipeline led to the prioritization of seven coding and nine non-coding variants from this family. The variant identified in CHEK2, a known tumor suppressor gene involved in DNA damage-induced DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, has been previously identified as a germline variant in breast and prostate cancer and has been functionally validated by Roeb et al. in a yeast-based assay to have an intermediate effect on protein function. We thus hypothesized that this family may harbor additional disease-causing variants in other functionally related genes. We evaluated two further variants in EWSR1 and TIAM1 with promising in silico results and reported interaction in the DNA-damage repair pathway. Hence, we propose a polygenic mode of inheritance in this family. As familial NMTC is considered to be more aggressive than its sporadic counterpart, it is important to identify such susceptibility genes and their associated pathways. In this way, the advancement of personalized medicine in NMTC patients can be fostered. We also wish to reopen the discussion on monogenic vs polygenic inheritance in NMTC and instigate further development in this area of research.
Macrophage M2 Co-expression Factors Correlate With the Immune Microenvironment and Predict Outcome of Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yutao , Yan Kexin , Lin Jiaxing , Li Jun , Bi Jianbin 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: In the tumor microenvironment, the functional differences among various tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are not completely clear. Tumor-associated macrophages are thought to promote the progression of cancer. This article focuses on exploring M2 macrophage-related factors and behaviors of renal clear cell carcinoma.Method: We obtained renal clear cell carcinoma data from TCGA-KIRC-FPKM, GSE8050, GSE12606, GSE14762, and GSE3689. We used the “Cibersort” algorithm to calculate type M2 macrophage proportions among 22 types of immune cells. M2 macrophage-related co-expression module genes were selected using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A renal clear cell carcinoma prognosis risk score was built based on M2 macrophage-related factors. The ROC curve and Kaplan–Meier analysis were performed to evacuate the risk score in various subgroups. The Pearson test was used to calculate correlations among M2 macrophage-related genes, clinical phenotype, immune phenotype, and tumor mutation burden (TMB). We measured differences in co-expression of genes at the protein level in clear renal cell carcinoma tissues.Results: There were six M2 macrophage co-expressed genes (F13A1, FUCA1, SDCBP, VSIG4, HLA-E, TAP2) related to infiltration of M2 macrophages; these were enriched in neutrophil activation and involved in immune responses, antigen processing, and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I. M2-related factor frequencies were robust biomarkers for predicting the renal clear cell carcinoma patient clinical phenotype and immune microenvironment. The Cox regression model, built based on M2 macrophage-related factors, showed a close prognostic correlation (AUC = 0.78). The M2 macrophage-related prognosis model also performed well in various subgroups. Using western blotting, we found that VSIG4 protein expression levels were higher in clear renal cell carcinoma tissues than in normal tissues.Conclusion: These co-expressed genes were most related to the M2 macrophage phenotype. They correlated with the immune microenvironment and predicted outcomes of renal clear cell carcinoma. These co-expressed genes and the biological processes associated with them might provide the basis for new strategies to intervene via chemotaxis of M2 macrophages.
Medication Adherence After Acute Coronary Syndrome in Women Compared With Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bots Sophie H. , Inia Jose A. , Peters Sanne A. E. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Pharmacological treatment is an important component of secondary prevention in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) survivors. However, adherence to medication regimens is often suboptimal, reducing the effectiveness of treatment. It has been suggested that sex influences adherence to cardiovascular medication, but results differ across studies, and a systematic overview is lacking.Methods: We performed a systematic search of PubMed and EMBASE on 16 October 2019. Studies that reported sex-specific adherence for one or more specific medication classes for ACS patients were included. Odds ratios, or equivalent, were extracted per medication class and combined using a random effects model.Results: In total, we included 28 studies of which some had adherence data for more than one medication group. There were 7 studies for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) (n = 100,909, 37% women), 8 studies for antiplatelet medication (n = 37,804, 27% women), 11 studies for beta-blockers (n = 191,339, 38% women), and 17 studies for lipid-lowering medication (n = 318,837, 35% women). Women were less adherent to lipid-lowering medication than men (OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.82–0.92), but this sex difference was not observed for antiplatelet medication (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.83–1.09), ACEIs/ARBs (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.78–1.17), or beta-blockers (OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.86–1.11).Conclusion: Women with ACS have poorer adherence to lipid-lowering medication than men with the same condition. There are no differences in adherence to antiplatelet medication, ACEIs/ARBs, and beta-blockers between women and men with ACS.
Implications of Laboratory Tests in Disease Grading and Death Risk Stratification of COVID-19: A Retrospective Study in Wuhan, China
Authors: Bai Yang , Wang Enxin , Zhao Shoujie , Li Jing , Zhu Yejing , Zhang Yongchao , Cao Liang , Liu Haitao , Dong Yushu , Wang Fang , Liang Guobiao , Liu Lei 
Published: February 2021

Background: Although laboratory tests have become an indispensable part in clinical practice, its application in severity classification and death risk stratification of COVID-19 remains unvalidated. This study aims to explore the significance of laboratory tests in the management of COVID-19.Methods: In 3,342 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, those of mild or moderate subtype were categorized into the non-severe group, while those of severe or critical subtype were categorized into the severe group. Initial laboratory data were analyzed and compared according to disease severity and outcome. Diagnostic models for the severe group were generated on risk factors identified by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. Cox regression and ROC analyses on risk factors were utilized to construct prognostic models.Results: In identification of patients in the severe group, while age, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase were identified as independent predictors, the value of combination of them appears modest [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.694]. Further ROC analyses indicated that among patients in the severe group, laboratory indices had a favorable value in identifying patients of critical subtype rather than severe subtype. For death outcome, IL-6, co-existing cerebrovascular disease, prothrombin time activity, and urea nitrogen were independent risk factors. An IL-6 single-parameter model was finalized for distinguishing between fatal and recovered individuals (AUC = 0.953). Finally, a modified death risk stratification strategy based on clinical severity and IL-6 levels enables more identification of non-survivors in patients with non-critical disease.Conclusions: Laboratory screening provides a useful tool for COVID-19 management in identifying patients with critical condition and stratifying risk levels of death.