bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involving Resilience In Assessment of The Water-Energy-Food Nexus For Arid And Semiarid Regions
Authors: Núñez-López Jesús Manuel , Cansino-Loeza Brenda , Zarco Xaté Geraldine Sánchez , Ponce-Ortega José María 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The proper planning of the water-energy-food nexus is key for urban sustainability. However, the security of water, energy, and food is posed at risk due to uncertain events such as natural disasters. The quantification of resilience in water-energy-food systems has gained relevance in recent years and has served as a key tool to identify vulnerable areas. This work presents a systematic approach to assessing the resilience of the water-energy-food nexus in arid/semiarid regions that present low availability of resources. A methodology for assessing the resilience of the water-energy-food nexus of an arid region is presented, which allows evaluating the system under the disturbances of natural disasters such as hurricanes, low-temperature events, and droughts. The events in which failures in functional services may occur are analyzed using penalty costs. To apply the proposed approach, scenarios corresponding to past conditions and future projections were evaluated for two Mexican arid cities. The results show that it is possible to identify vulnerable areas related to the existence of natural disasters and thereby look for alternatives to maintain the security of the nexus. The proposed approach is general, and it can be applied to other regions with similar characteristics.
Comparison of the sonography index of thyroid gland with serum level of Anti-thyroid peroxidase, Anti-thyroglobulin and thyroid function test in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis
Authors: Eftekharian Fatemeh , Omrani Gholamhossein Ranjbar , Dabbaghmanesh Mohammad Hossein , Sahraei Reza , Bakhshayeshkaram Marzieh , Dabbaghmanesh Mohammad Mahdi , Behnam Mohammad Ali 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to determine the association of sonographic parameters with the serum levels of anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (Tg), and thyroid hormones in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Methods
149 patients (118 females, 31 males; aged 18–60 years; mean age: 38.60 ± 8.03 years) who were diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis were enrolled in the study. Blood sample was taken to measure the serum levels of free T3 and T4, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-TPO antibody titers, and anti-Tg antibody titers. The thyroid sonography of each patient was classified into one of the five grades by real-time ultrasonography (US) based on echogenicity, thyroid size, and thyroid pattern. We evaluated whether a correlation existed between thyroid characteristics on US and serum levels of thyroid hormones, anti-TPO and anti-Tg.
Results
Nodular structures were detected in 54 (36.2%) patients (38 micronodular and 16 macros nodular). Echogenicity was recorded as isoechoic in 15 (10.07%) and hypoechoic in 119 (79.87%) subjects. Euthyroid ‎subjects had significantly thicker isthmus than overt and subclinical hypothyroid patients (p = 0.018). Mean serum TSH, anti-Tg and anti-TPO titers was significantly higher in patients with micronodules than those with micronodules and subjects without nodules (P < 0.05). Isthmus thickness had a significant negative correlation with FT4 and FT3 (P = 0.046; r = 0.11& P = 0.017; r = 0.15, respectively). Thyroid autoantibodies had positive significant correlations with different parameters of the thyroid volume (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Thyroid’s US findings in addition to serum levels of anti-Tg and anti-TPO titers would be useful in diagnosis and evaluation of the severity and extent of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but further evaluations are needed.
Trial registration:
Trial registry identifier IR.SUMS.REC.1395.S161 (2015/11/30).
A Case of Cardiac Amyloidosis Diagnosed Using Combination of Echocardiography and Electrocardiogram
Authors: Wang Ceng , Wang Jing , Zheng Yi , Sun Tingting 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an invasive cardiomyopathy with high mortality. The gold standard of diagnosis is usually cardiac biopsy, but its clinical application is reduced because it is an expensive and invasive procedure. The combination of electrocardiogram and echocardiography, which is associated with typical characteristics, is used to diagnose CA. However, in recent years, this procedure has been less widely used domestically and internationally. The aim of this study was to elaborate on the diagnostic merits of the two methods.
Pathogenicity Comparison Between QX-Type And Mass-Type Infectious Bronchitis Virus To Different Segments of The Oviducts In Laying Phase
Authors: Zhang Xiaorong , Yan Kun , Zhang Chengcheng , Guo Mengjiao , Chen Shuqin , Liao Kai , Bo Zongyi , Cao Yongzhong , Wu Yantao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe QX-type infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has become the predominant genotype worldwide in recent years and has caused serious economic losses to the chicken industry. The most significant feature of QX IBV is that its infection in the early growing stage can cause abnormal oviduct development, resulting in a high proportion of ‘false layers’ in poultry flocks of laying hens and breeders. However, few studies have evaluated whether infections of QX-type IBV in laying stages can also cause severe pathological changes in the oviduct. MethodsIn this study, 300-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were infected either with the QX-type strain QXL or Massachusetts (Mass)-type strain M41 to compare their pathogenicity on different segments of the oviduct. ResultsBoth the QXL and M41 strains successfully replicated in all segments of the oviduct; however, the QXL strain was more highly distributed in mucosal layer and caused severe lesions in the lamina propria, including interstitial dilation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and distinct expansion of tubular glands. Moreover, the QXL strain induced high expression of proinflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic molecules in the majority of segments in the oviduct. Further research found that the QXL strain may affected the formation of shell membranes and eggshells by inhibiting the expression of type I collagen and CaBP-D28k. ConclusionsOur results indicate that the QX-type IBV is more pathogenic than Mass-type IBV to oviduct in laying phase. Collectively, these findings provide detailed information on the pathological changes in different segments of the oviduct in laying phase, which could offer a better understanding about the pathogenicity of IBV.
Effectiveness of Interventions To Enable Hypertension Medication Adherence In Low-And Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review And Meta-analysis
Authors: Nakwafila Olivia , Sartorius Benn , Nkambule Sphamandla Josias , Thompson Tivani Mashamba 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: In recent decades low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are witnessing an increase in hypertension and thus becoming a significant public health issue due to associated Cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. Antihypertensive medication adherence is crucial to controlling blood pressure; therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on improving blood pressure control and medication adherence in patients with hypertension in LMICs.Methods: We searched the following databases for relevant literature published between Jan 2005 – Dec 2020: PubMed, EBSCOhost included Academic Search; CINAHL and MEDLINE complete; PubMed; WEB of Science; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Google Scholar. Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 2) was used to appraise included studies critically, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to measure the quality of evidence. We conducted a meta‑analysis using DrSimonian-Laid's random-effect model at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The secondary outcomes of interests were synthesised descriptively as changes in BP adherence outcomes. Results: We identified 14 eligible randomised controlled trials that presented blood pressure (BP) effectiveness and medication adherence among BP patients aged between 18-75 years. The overall quality of evidence with the majority of trials was moderate. Meta weighed effect (SBP) for 12/14 studies was -4.74 (95% CI:-6.07 to -3.47) and I2 = 57%. Out of 14 eligible studies, (86%) suggested a significant improvement in the proportion of patients with controlled blood pressure (BP < 140/90mmHG) with a positive effect on secondary outcomes such as quality of life.Conclusion: Non-pharmacological interventions could be effective in managing hypertension. In recommending the need to investigate the feasibility of non-pharmacological evidence in specific LMIC settings, focus should be on an intervention strategy consisting of an educational intervention directed toward the patients, health professionals and organisation. Considering heterogeneity, randomised trials that are well-designed with larger sample sizes are encouraged in LMICs` to help policymakers make well-informed decisions on hypertension management.Systematic review Registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020172954
Absence of WDR13 in p53-Null Mice Increases Longevity
Authors: Mishra Arun Prakash , Lakshmi B Jyothi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Absence of WDR13 is known to be involved in pancreatic, colon and uterine hyperproliferation. However, a recent study showed its antiproliferative role liver regeneration in response to hepatotoxins. These findings intrigued to study the role of WDR13-null condition in Trp53 knockout mouse to study the tumour predisposition and survival. We report absence of Wdr13 in Trp53-null background alleviates the tumour load, in turn increasing total survival in mouse model.
Metabolic Benefits of Methionine Restriction in Adult Mice Do Not Require Functional Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase a (MsrA)
Authors: Thyne Kevin M. , Salmon Adam B. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Methionine restriction (MR) extends lifespan and improves several markers of health in rodents. However, the proximate mechanisms of MR on these physiological benefits have not been fully elucidated. The essential amino acid methionine plays numerous biological roles and limiting its availability in the diet directly modulates methionine metabolism. There is growing evidence that redox regulation of methionine has regulatory control on some aspects of cellular function but interactions with MR remain largely unexplored. We tested the functional role of the ubiquitously expressed methionine repair enzyme methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) on the metabolic benefits of MR in mice. MsrA catalytically reduces both free and protein-bound oxidized methionine, thus playing a key role in its redox state. We tested the extent to which MsrA is required for metabolic effects of MR in adult mice using mice lacking MsrA. As expected, MR in control mice reduced body weight, altered body composition, and improved glucose metabolism. Interestingly, lack of MsrA did not impair the metabolic effects of MR on these outcomes. Moreover, females had blunted MR responses regardless of MsrA status compared to males. Overall, our data suggests that MsrA is not required for the metabolic benefits of MR in adult mice.
MYC Promoted The Formation of RANKL Induced Osteoclasts By Modulating The miR-320a/PTEN Axis
Authors: Chen Hao , Li Shaoshuo , Yin Heng , Hua Zhen , Shao Yang , Wei Jie , Wang Jianwei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a serious bone metabolism disease. Recent studies have shown that MYC could promote the formation of osteoclasts. There is study has also shown that miR-320a could cause the damage of osteoblast by inducing oxidative stress. By querying the database, we found that MYC has the potential to target and affect the expression of miR-320a. However, the effect of MYC and miR-320a on the RANKL induced osteoclasts is unclear.Results: MYC promoted the expression of miR-320a in RAW 264.7 cells by binding on the promoter of miR-320a. Inhibition of MYC and miR-320a suppressed the formation of RANKL induced osteoclasts by inhibiting the expression of c-Fos, NFATc1, TRAP and CTSK. Moreover, the expression of c-Fos, NFATc1, TRAP and CTSK was rescued and the RANKL induced osteoclasts was promoted after the repressing the expression of PTEN.Conclusions: MYC enhanced the formation of RANKL induced osteoclasts by modulate the miR-320a/PTEN pathway.
A Novel Effect of PDLIM5 In α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Up-Regulation And Surface Expression
Authors: Li Zilin , Gou Chenyu , Wang Wenhui , Li Yuan , Cui Yu , Duan Jingjing , Chen Yuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
α7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) are expressed widely in the brain, where they contribute to a variety of behaviors including arousal and cognition, participate in a number of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, and is responsible for nicotine addiction. Although recent studies indicate that the PDZ-containing proteins comprising PSD-95 family co-localize with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and mediate downstream signaling in the neurons, the mechanisms by which α7nAChRs are regulated are still less well understood. Here we show that the regulation of the α7nAChRs is controlled by PDLIM5 in the endogenous PDZ domain proteins family. We find that chronic exposure to 1 μM nicotine up-regulated both α7, β2-contained nAChRs and PDLIM5 in primary cultured hippocampal neurons, and the up-regulation of α7nAChRs and PDLIM5 is increased more on the cell membrane than the cytoplasm. Interestingly, the α7nAChRs and β2nAChRs display distinct patterns of expression, with α7 co-localized more with PDLIM5. Meanwhile, PDLIM5 interacts with native brain α7 but not β2 nAChRs in neurons. Moreover, knocking down of PDLIM5 in heterologous cells abolishes nicotine-induced up-regulation of α7nAChRs. In cultured hippocampal neurons, shRNA against PDLIM5 decreased both surface clustering of α7nAChRs and α7nAChRs mediated currents. Proteomics analysis shows PDLIM5 interacts with α7nAChRs through the PDZ domain and the interaction between PDLIM5 and α7nAChRs can be promoted by nicotine. Collectively, our data suggest a novel cellular role of PDLIM5 in regulating α7nAChRs, which may be relevant to plastic changes in the nervous system.
The RNA-Binding Protein ELAVL1 Regulates Hepatitis B Virus Replication And Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Kanzaki Hiroaki , Chiba Tetsuhiro , Kaneko Tatsuya , Ao Junjie , Qiang Na , Ma Yaojia , Ishino Takamasa , Ogawa Keita , Nakagawa Miyuki , Fujiwara Kisako , Unozawa Hidemi , Iwanaga Terunao , Kan Motoyasu , Sakuma Takafumi , Fujita Naoto , Koroki Keisuke , Kusakabe Yuko , Kobayashi Kazufumi , Kanogawa Naoya , Kiyono Soichiro , Nakamura Masato , Kondo Takayuki , Saito Tomoko , Nakagawa Ryo , Ogasawara Sadahisa , Muroyama Ryosuke , Nakamoto Shingo , Kanda Tatsuo , Maruyama Hitoshi , Kato Jun , Zen Yoh , Kotani Ai , Sekiba Kazuma , Otsuka Motoyuki , Ohtsuka Masayuki , Kato Naoya 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Previous RNA immunoprecipitation followed by proteomic approaches successfully demonstrated that Embryonic Lethal, Abnormal Vision, Drosophila-Like 1 (ELAVL1) interacts with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-derived RNAs. Although ELAVL family proteins stabilize AU-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNAs, their role in HBV transcription remains unclear. This study conducted loss-of-function assays of ELAVL1 for inducible HBV-replicating HepAD38 cells and HBx-overexpressed HepG2 cells. In addition, clinicopathological analyses in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgical samples have also been conducted. Lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA knockdown of ELAVL1 resulted in a decrease in both viral RNA transcription and production of viral proteins, including HBs and HBx. Cell growth in tetracycline-treated replication-stopping HepAD38 cells was more significantly impaired in ELAVL1 knockdown than those in the control group, indicating that ELAVL1 is involved in proliferation not only by the suppression of HBV replication but also by other factors. Immunohistochemical analyses of 77 paired HCC surgical specimens have demonstrated that diffuse ELAVL1 expression was detected more frequently in HCC tissues (61.0%) than in nontumor tissues (27.3%). In addition, the abundant expression of ELAVL1 tended to affect postoperative recurrence in HBV-related HCC patients. In conclusion, ELAVL1 contributes not only to HBV replication but also to HCC cell growth. It may be a potent therapeutic target for HBV-related HCC treatment.
Investigation of Correlation Between Research Self-Efficacy and Academic Performance in Iranian Students of Health Sciences
Authors: Khatony Alireza , Shiri Parisa , janatolmakan Maryam , Azizi Seyyed Mohsen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose

One of the most important concepts in educational psychology is self-efficacy. Self-efficacy in the learning and research process can play an important role in the success of students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the level of research self-efficacy in students and its correlation with academic performance.
Methods

In this correlation study, 210 Iranian students of health sciences participated. The self-efficacy in research measure (SERM) and grade point average (GPA) was used for data collection. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 18.
Results

Most of the students used internet and library resources for more than 3 hours and less than 1 hour per day, respectively. In addition, students mostly used the PubMed database. The mean research self-efficacy score among students was 183.12 ± 46.54 out of 297. There was a significant difference between the mean research self-efficacy score and age group (F = 2.103, P ≤ 0.01). Research self-efficacy had a significant correlation with academic performance (r = 0.648, P ≤ 0.01).
Conclusion

In this study, research self-efficacy of students was at a moderate level. Research self-efficacy showed associations with academic performance. In general, the findings suggest that research self-efficacy is very important in students’ educational-research performance. Therefore, educational and psychological interventions are necessary to enhance the research self-efficacy beliefs.
Impact of a Novel W2027L Mutation And Non-Target Site Resistance On Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Herbicides In a French Lolium Multiflorum Population
Authors: Kaundun Shiv Shankhar , Downes Joe , Jackson Lucy Victoria , Hutchings Sarah-Jane , Mcindoe Eddie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Herbicides that inhibit acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) are among the few remaining options for the post-emergence control of Lolium species in small grain cereal crops. Here we have determined the mechanism of resistance to ACCase herbicides in a Lolium multiflorum population (HGR) from France. A combined biological and molecular approach detected a novel W2027L ACCase mutation that affects aryloxyphenoxypropionate (FOP) but not cyclohexanedione (DIM) or phenylpyraxoline (DEN) subclasses of ACCase herbicides. Both the wild type tryptophan and mutant leucine 2027-ACCase alleles could be positively detected in a single DNA-based derived Polymorphic amplified cleaved sequence (dPACS) assay that contained the targeted PCR product and a cocktail of two discriminating restriction enzymes. Additionally, we have identified three well-characterised I1781L, I2041T and D2078G target site resistance mutations as well as non-target site resistance in HGR. The non-target site component endowed high levels of resistance to FOP herbicides whilst partially impacting on the efficacy of pinoxaden and cycloxydim. This study adequately assessed the contribution of the W2027L mutation and non-target site mechanism in conferring resistance to ACCase herbicides in HGR. It also highlights the versatility and robustness of the dPACS method to simultaneously identify different resistance-causing alleles at a single ACCase codon.
After Life Effect of Endophytic Bacterium Bacillus Cereus on Litter Decomposition
Authors: Hu Haijing , Ye Rumeng , Pang Lu , Jiang Han , Tian Kai , Gao Yang , Ji Yanli , Wan Pengwei , Yang Junbo , Zou Xiaoming , Tian Xingjun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background and aims: Endophytic microorganisms exist commonly in plants and are recognized to increase plant growth especially under adverse physical environmental conditions. We here demonstrate that endophytic bacteria (EB) Bacillus cereus can accelerate the decomposition of plant litter and enhance nutrient availability for plant growth.Methods: We first obtained plant litter with and without EB inoculation using a model plant Arabidopsis thaliana in a microcosmic experiment, then conducted a litter decomposition experiment to investigated the effect of EB on litter decay rate, phosphorus availability, and on soil microbial community structure. We further evaluated wheat (Triticum aestivum) biomass growth using soils treated with and without EB.Results: Inoculation of EB significantly increased the mass loss of Arabidopsis litter in the middle stage of decomposition, elevated the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the early stage of decomposition, and increased soil available P at the end of decomposition. Analyses of Illumina MiSeq sequencing and structural equation models also indicated that EB inoculation had pronounced impact on the bacterial abundance and diversity in soil. Finally, the growth of the wheat was significantly promoted in the litter with EB decomposition system. Conclusion: EB mediated host after-life effect likely through accelerating the release of nutrients such as P from decomposing plant litter and regulating the structure of soil microorganisms, promoting the sustainability of nutrient utilization efficiency in a terrestrial ecosystem.
Prognostic Impact of Autophagy and Immunity Related Biomarker for Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Du Huibin , He Yan , Lu Wei , Wan Qi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Autophagy and immunity related genes serve crucial roles in carcinogenesis, but little is known about the prognostic impact for uveal melanoma (UM).Methods: Autophagy related and immunity related genes (AIRGs) expression data of 80 UM patients were obtained from the cancer genome atlas project (TCGA) database. Next, univariate cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithms were applied to build a robust AIRGs signature in TCGA and validated in another two independent datasets. Besides, UM patients classified into two subgroups based on the risk model. Differences of clinical outcome, tumor microenvironment and the likelihood of chemotherapeutic response were further explored.Results: In total, a 4-AIRGs signature was constructed and validated in various datasets, which can robustly predict patients’ metastasis-free survival (MFS) and overall survival (OS) and is an independent prognostic factor in UM. The UM patients can be classified into high and low risk subgroups by applied risk score system. The high risk group have poor clinical outcomes, higher CD8+ T cell and macrophage immune-infiltrating and more sensitive to chemotherapies. In addition, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis revealed that hallmark epithelial-mesenchymal transition and KRAS pathways are commonly enriched in high-risk expression phenotype.Conclusion: Thus, our findings provide a new clinical strategy for the accurate diagnosis and identify a novel prognostic autophagy and immunity associated biomarker for the treatment of uveal melanoma.