bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Institution of Legal Support for the Turnover of Genetic Information: Paradigm of the Future of Information Law
Authors: Rassolov I. M. , Chubukova S. G. 
Published: December 2021

The increased scale of genetic research in the world determines the relevance of legal regulation of relations on the turnover of genetic information. The purpose of this study is to define a new legal institution for the circulation of genetic information and the main directions of development of future legislation. The methodological basis of the study comprises empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; private scientific methods: the method of comparative jurisprudence and the method of interpretation of legal norms. The results of the study allow the authors to state that there is a process of separation of the still few legal norms on the turnover of genetic information into a separate institution in the system of the information law branch.The developing institute should include norms (principles) of turnover and processing of genetic information. These are norms that consolidate the rights and obligations of subjects of information legal relations regarding the turnover of genetic information; norms that establish the legal regime of biological banks and national databases of genetic information; protective norms for state supervision of the activities of subjects in the field of turnover of genetic information; special norms on liability for violations of the requirements of the law.The most effective solution to the problem of legal regulation of relations on the turnover of genetic information in the Russian Federation is the adoption of a special law.The information activities of various entities in this area are often international in nature and are based on the norms established in treaties and national legislation. In this regard, it seems appropriate to launch a broad discussion of the problems of genetic information turnover at the level of the international scientific community. These should include identification of threats; identification of possible risks of using information technologies in medicine; unification of digital identification mechanisms; development of ethical codes of conduct for the scientific community; use of foresight methodology in order to develop common positions.
Diskursus Zakat Produktif Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari
Authors: Munadi Fathullah , Effendi Muhammad Nur 
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Sheikh Arsyad's conception of productive zakat was deduced from Kitāb al-Zakāt in Sabilal. This conception became a hot discourse when several academics claimed that this conception was a new ijtihad from Sheikh Arsyad. The claim criticized by Muslich Shabir on research using intertextual analysis, 2004.This paper is written as a review of the discourse that occurs around Sheikh Arsyad's productive zakat, especially regarding differences of opinion on the position of the concept of productive zakat in ijtihad. The above discourse is then withdrawn to determine the position of this productive zakat concept in the local discourse of the archipelago.From this discussion it can be concluded that Syekh Arsyad in this theme is in line with his predecessor, this shows that he is consistently guided by the basis of law-making which is more dominant and applies universally. On the other hand, he can also be considered as the pioneer of the inclusion of the discourse of productive zakat in fiqh works which use the Malay language. Abstrak: Konsepsi zakat produktif Syekh Arsyad disimpulkan dari Kitāb al-Zakāt dalam Sabilal. Konsepsi ini menjadi wacana yang hangat ketika beberapa akademisi yang melakukan klaim bahwa konsepsi ini merupakan ijtihad baru dari Syekh Arsyad. Pernyataan ini kemudian mendapat kritik dari Muslich Shabir melalui penelitian menggunakan analisis intertekstual, tahun 2004.Tulisan ini ditulis sebagai review terhadap diskursus yang terjadi sekitar zakat produktif Syekh Arsyad, terutama terhadap perbedaan pendapat dalam posisi konsep zakat produktif dalam ijtihad. Dari wacana di atas dapat ditarik kesimpulan tentang posisi konsep zakat produktif ini dalam wacana lokal nusantara.Dari pembahasan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Syekh Arsyad dalam tema ini sejalan dengan tokoh pendahulunya, ini menunjukkan bahwa ia konsisten berpedoman kepada dasar pengambilan hukum yang lebih dominan dan berlaku secara universal. Di lain pihak ia juga dapat dianggap sebagai pelopor masuknya wacana zakat produktif ini dalam karya fiqh yang menggunakan bahasa Melayu.
The recirculated aquaculture system (RAS) development with nanobubble application to improve growth performance of grouper fish fry culture
Authors: Hanif Iik Muslihul , Effendi Irzal , Budiardi Tatag , Diatin Iis 
Published: December 2021

One of the aquaculture commodities with high economic value is grouper fish (Epinephelus sp.). RAS is known as one of superior and suitable aquaculture systems in juvenile fish culture. RAS installed with NBs is expected to increase the stocking density and production of hybrid brown-marbled grouper. This study aimed to analyze the system performance of grouper fish juvenile culture in high stocking density with water exchange system, RAS, and combination of RAS and NBs. This study used a factorial design with two factors, namely different stocking densities and cultivation systems. The densities were 500, 600 and 700 fish/m3, while the treatment systems were RAS without NBs, RAS installed with NBs, and control treatment with 200% water change. Each treatment was replicated three times. The total aquaria used for this study were 27 as each size was 1.5 m × 0.5 m × 0.5 m. The study results showed that the RAS installed with NBs and a stocking density of 600 fish/m2 showed the best results on fish production performance.
Keywords: density, growth, grouper, nanobubble, RAS

ABSTRAK

Pendederan ikan kerapu meripakan salah satu segmen dalam usaha budidaya ikan kerapu (Epinephelus sp.). Salah satu sistem akuakultur yang cocok yang dapat digunakan dalam pendederan ikan kerapu ini adalah sistem recirculated aquaculture system (RAS). RAS dengan instalasi nanobubble (NBs) ini diharapkan bisa meningkatkan padat tebar dan kinerja produksi benih ikan kerapu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja sistem pendederan ikan kerapu dengan padat tebar tinggi berbasis sistem pergantian air, RAS, dan perpaduan antara RAS dan NBs. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah faktorial dengan dua faktor, yaitu padat tebar dan sistem budidaya berbeda. Padat tebar yang digunakan adalah 500, 600, dan 700 ekor/m3, sedangkan sistem budidaya terdiri dari RAS tanpa NBs, RAS dengan NBs dan kontrol (sistem pergantian air 200%), setiap perlakuan terdiri dari atas tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendederan menggunakan RAS dengan NBs dengan padat tebar 600 ekor/m2 menunjukkan kinerja produksi ikan kerapu yang terbaik.

Kata kunci: ikan kerapu, kepadatan, nanobubble, pertumbuhan, RAS
Therapeutic Effects of Medicinal Plants on Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Refiani Efa , Maliza Rita , Fitri Husna , Lestari Putri 
Published: December 2021

Diabetic Foot Pain and Ulcers is one of the complications diseases caused by Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Based on data from the Ministry of Health in 2014, diabetic foot ulcers in Indonesia 54%. Diabetic foot ulcer disease can cause infection and tissue death. Treatment of diabetic foot ulcers has been treated with ointments or gels containing antimicrobials, biomaterials, and active compounds, accelerating the wound healing process. The active compounds from medicinal plants that play a role in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers have been widely reported. The purpose of writing this article is to look at the therapeutic effects of active compounds that play a role in wound healing. In this systematic review, we searched the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases to identify primer articles that were published from 2010 to 2020. Ten studies were selected and published between 2015-2020. Furthermore, the plant species used for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers contain active phenolic, gallic acid, flavonoids, gallic acid, flavonoids, and tannins compounds that play a role in the acceleration of the healing process of diabetic foot ulcers.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot ulcers, the active compound, medicinal plants
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Sepsis Neonatus di Rumah Sakit X Purwakarta
Authors: Hendiyani Rani , Arozal Wawaimuli , Ramadaniati Hesty Utami 
Published: December 2021

Pendahuluan: Angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi pada neonatus disebabkan oleh sepsis. Bakteri sebagai salah satu penyebabnya sehingga antibiotik menjadi salah satu terapi empiris. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak rasional dapat menyebabkan bakteri menjadi resisten sehingga tujuan terapi tidak optimal. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi antibiotik yang digunakan oleh pasien sepsis neonatus baik dilihat dari kualitas (metode Gyssens) maupun kuantitas (metode Defined Daily Dose) serta untuk mengetahui hubungan antara rasionalitas obat dengan lama rawat menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Metode: Penelitian observasional berdesain potong lintang yang di analisis secara deskriptif analitik. Pengumpulan data pasien secara Prospektif dari bulan Mei - Juli 2019 diperoleh 69 rekam medis yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil: Dari hasil evaluasi kualitas antibiotik diperoleh penggunaan antibiotik tepat sebanyak 26 pasien (37,7%) dan tidak tepat sebanyak 43 pasien meliputi 56,5% dosis pemberian antibiotik tidak tepat, 4,3% karena terdapat antibiotik lain yang lebih efektif dan 1,4% adanya pemberian antibiotik terlalu lama sedangkan kuantitas penggunaan antibiotik diperoleh total 12,9 DDD/100 pasien-hari meliputi Ampisilin-sulbaktam 3,25 DDD/100 pasien-hari, Sefoperazone-sulbaktam 4 DDD/100 pasien-hari, Meropenem 2,42 DDD/100 pasien-hari sedangkan nilai DDD yang melebihi nilai standar WHO yaitu Gentamisin 1,94 DDD/100 pasien-hari dan Amikasin 12,9 DDD/100 pasien-hari meliputi Ampicilin-Sulbaktam (3,25), Cefoperazone Sulbaktam (4), Meropenem (2,42) sedangkan nilai DDD yang melebihi nilai standar WHO yaitu gentamicin (1,94) dan Amikasin (1,29). Hasil korelasi diperoleh nilai r = 0,223 (P ≥ 0,05) yang artinya korelasi rendah bahwa tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara rasional obat dengan lama rawat. Kesimpulannya: Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat masih ada dengan kuantitas melebihi standar WHO.
Literature Review: Paparan Jangka Panjang PM2.5 Berisiko Meningkatkan Kematian Akibat COVID-19
Authors: Rahmawati Tri Meidya , Yudhastuti Ririh 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Jumlah kasus terhitung hingga 5 Mei 2021 terdapat 154.815.600 kasus yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19, termasuk 3.236.104 kematian dari seluruh dunia. PM2.5 diduga sebagai salah satu media yang dapat meningkatkan kasus kematian akibat COVID-19. Tujuan: Studi pustaka ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis paparan jangka panjang PM2.5 dalam meningkatkan risiko kematian akibat COVID-19.Metode: Menggunakan metode literature review dengan pencarian artikel penelitian yang relevan sesuai dengan variable dan tujuan dalam penulisan. Hasil:PM2.5 diindikasi menyumbangkan jumlah kasus kesakitan dan kematian pada kasus COVID-19. PM2.5 yang memiliki ukuran kecil berdiameter ≤2.5µm dan dapat menyerap racun, dapat masuk ke dalam paru-paru bagian dalam hingga menyebabkan berbagai penyakit pernapasan hingga kematian. Beberapa penelitian menemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan berbanding lurus antara peningkatan PM2.5 dan peningkatan kasus kematian COVID-19.Kesimpulan: PM2.5 memiliki andil dalam meningkatkan risiko kematian akibat COVID-19, karena konsentrasi PM2.5 yang diatas nilai ambang batas dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit pernapasan terhadap orang-orang yang sering terpapar PM2.5 dalam jangka waktu yang lama sehingga dapat memiliki penyakit kronis dan dapat menyebabkan imunitas menurun. Jika dikaitkan dengan COVID-19, pasien COVID-19 yang memiliki riwayat penyakit kronis akan memiliki risiko kematian yang lebih tinggi. Kata kunci: COVID-19, kasus kematian, pandemi, PM2.5
The 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda
Authors: Pulla Venkat Rao , Kalinganire Charles 
Published: December 2021

This study, written collaboratively with a native Rwandan author, briefly recalls the historical reality from a Rwandan perspective and addresses the consequences of the Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda. Furthermore, the way the Western world was a passive spectator to the economic, political and social pillage and Genocide that occurred in the last part of the 20th Century, that was, in 1994, is discussed. How is reconciliation fostered in the communities across Rwanda? In particular, the sites and communities where massacres were held? Strong community ties and community being central to social work practice is observed in most East African countries, with no exception to Rwanda. While social work pedagogy is something new and possibly introduced by Western idiom, the tradition of welfare and mutual caring (would have been/ has been part) of the Kinyarwanda culture, language, and manner of living. What factors have worked for reconciliation, reconstruction of the society? How were people made to understand violence, and what did they replace it with? How is the post-genocide moral narrative shaped? The traditional indigenous processes that have been utilised, including the Gacaca, unique court process, are briefly discussed. How do people implant hate into people? By the same token, how do people put peace and love into people? These are a few questions that were central to this study throughout.
A Qualitative 5-Country Comparison of the Perceived Impacts of COVID-19 on People Living with Dementia and Unpaid Carers
Authors: Giebel Clarissa , Lion Katarzyna , Mackowiak Maria , Chattat Rabih , Kumar PN Suresh , Cations Monica , Gabbay Mark , Moyle Wendy , Ottoboni Giovanni , Rymaszewska Joanna , Senczyszyn Adrianna , Szczesniak Dorota , Tetlow Hilary , Trypka Elzbieta , Valente Marco , Chirico Ilaria 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Emerging evidence shows an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with dementia and informal carers, without any evidence-based global comparison to date. The aim of this international study was to explore and compare the perceived impact of COVID-19 and associated public health restrictions on the lives of people living with dementia and informal carers and access to dementia care across five countries.
Methods
Informal carers and people living with dementia who were residing in the community in the UK, Australia, Italy, India, and Poland were interviewed remotely between April and December 2020. Participants were asked about their experiences of the pandemic and how restrictions have impacted on their lives and care. Transcripts were analysed by researchers in each country using inductive thematic analysis.
Results
Fifteen people living with dementia and 111 informal carers participated across the five countries. Four themes emerged: (1) Limited access and support; (2) Technology and issues accessing remote support; (3) Emotional impact; and (4) Decline of cognitive and physical health reported by carers. Whilst variations were noted, the pandemic has indirectly affected people with dementia and carers across all five countries. The pandemic removed access to social support services and thus increased carer burden. Remote services were not always provided and were very limited in benefit and usability for those with dementia. As a result, carers appeared to notice reduced cognitive and physical health in people with dementia. Particular differences were noted between India and Poland vs. the UK, Italy, and Australia, with less impact on care provision in the former due to limited uptake of support services pre-pandemic based on cultural settings.
Conclusions
The pandemic has amplified dementia as a global public health problem, and people affected by the condition need support to better access vital support services to live well.
Dietary Patterns of Persons with Chronic Conditions in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population
Authors: Brian Tan Yeow Wee , Hua Lau Jue , AshaRani PV , Roystonn Kumarasan , Devi Fiona , Ying Lee Ying , Whitton Clare , Wang Peizhi , Shafie Saleha , Chang Sherilyn , Jeyagurunathan Anitha , Yiang Chua Boon , Abdin Edimansyah , Sum Chee Fang , Lee Eng Sing , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Chronic conditions are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and respective data on dietary patterns remain scant. The present study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and identify sociodemographic factors associated with Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores within a multi-ethnic population with various chronic conditions. Method: The present study utilised data from the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on diabetes study in Singapore – a nationwide survey conducted to track the knowledge, attitudes, and practices pertaining to diabetes. The study analysed data collected from a sample of 2,895 Singapore residents, with information from the sociodemographic section, DASH diet screener, and the modified version of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) version 3.0 checklist of chronic medical conditions.Results: Respondents with no chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 18.5 (±4.6), those with one chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 19.2 (±4.8), and those with two or more chronic conditions had a mean DASH score of 19.8 (±5.2). Overall, the older age groups [35– 49 years (B = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.23 – 2.33, p <0.001), 50–64 years (B = 2.86, 95% CI: 22.24 – 3.47, p <0.001) and 65 years and above (B = 3.45, 95% CI: 2.73 – 4.17, p <0.001)], Indians (B = 2.54, 95% CI: 2.09 – 2.98, p <0.001) reported better diet quality, while males (B = -1.50, 95% CI: -1.87 – -1.14, p <0.001) reported poorer diet quality versus females. Conclusion: Overall, respondents with two or more chronic conditions reported better quality of diet while the sociodemographic factors of age, gender and ethnicity demonstrated a consistent pattern in correlating with diet quality, consistent with the extant literature. Results provide further insights for policymakers to refine ongoing efforts in relation to healthy dietary practices for Singapore.
Does Altruism Affect Participation in Cancer Research? A Systematic Review
Authors: Heo Danny HJ , Rodriguez M. Juanita , McNichol Megan , Moser A. James 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The impact of altruism on enrollment and longitudinal follow-up among cancer patients participating in clinical research studies remains poorly understood. This systematic review assesses published data reporting altruism as a motivator in cancer research and derives objective definitions of the four subtypes of altruism to permit future investigation in prospective therapeutic and non-therapeutic studies.Method: A qualitative systematic review of altruism and cancer was conducted according PRISMA after a literature search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and PsychINFO databases. Study aims, methodology, outcomes, and conclusions were extracted to perform qualitative analysis of altruistic motivations among cancer research participants. Quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tool for Systematic Reviews Checklist for Qualitative Research. Results: Of 78 full-text manuscripts, fourteen met eligibility criteria for analysis, all of which used semi-structured interviews or questionnaires to study subsets of cancer patients participating in therapeutic clinical trials or non-therapeutic biobanking. Four distinct subtypes of altruism were demonstrated and defined according to an association map having the following four domains: personal benefit, benefit to family (kinship), benefit to others, and social exchange. Conclusion: Different types of altruism among cancer patients were observed both in therapeutic and non-therapeutic studies. Altruism remains as an underrecognized factor that affects clinical research studies.
Circulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor as a potential biomarker in stroke: a Systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Mojtabavi Helia , Shaka Zoha , Momtazmanesh Sara , Ajdari Atra , Rezaei Nima 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Stroke, an acute cerebrovascular event, is a leading cause of disability, placing a significant psycho-socioeconomic burden worldwide. Neuroplasticity is adaptation and reorganization following neuronal damage. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin coordinating neuroplasticity after various neurological disorders such as stroke.
Methods
We conducted a systematic search in the main electronic medical databases through January 2021 and identified studies that measured blood levels of BDNF in patients with stroke. The primary aim was to compare BDNF levels between patients with stroke and healthy controls (HC). The secondary aims included investigation of (1) longitudinal changes in the BDNF levels post-stroke, (2) effects of physical training, (3) repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and presence of depression on BDNF levels in patients with stroke.
Results
Among 6243 reviewed records from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, 62 studies were eligible for inclusion. Subjects with stroke, n = 1856, showed lower BDNF levels compared to HC, n=1191 (SMD [95%CI] = -1.04 [-1.49 to -0.58]). No significant difference was detected in the level of BDNF through time points past stroke. BDNF levels were lower in the patients with depression compared to non-depressed subjects (SMD [95%CI] = -0.60 [-1.10 to -0.10]). Physical training had an immediate positive effect on the BDNF levels and not statistically significant effect in the long term; SMD [95%CI] = 0.49 [0.09 to 0.88]) and SMD [95%CI] = 0.02 [-0.43 to 0.47]). Lastly, rTMS showed no effect on the level of BDNF with 0.00 SMD.
Conclusions
This study confirms that stroke significantly affects the level of BDNF in various domains such as cognition, affect, and motor function. We believe that BDNF could be regarded as a valuable diagnostic biomarker for acute stroke and a potential prognostic biomarker for depression and cognitive deficits.
A tonoplast-localized magnesium transporter is involved in stomatal opening in Arabidopsis
Authors: Inoue Shin-ichiro , Hayashi Maki , Huang Sheng , Yokosho Kengo , Gotoh Eiji , Ikematsu Shuka , Okumura Masaki , Suzuki Takamasa , Kamura Takumi , Kinoshita Toshinori , Ma Jian Feng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Plant stomata play an important role in CO2 uptake for photosynthesis and transpiration, but the mechanisms underlying stomatal opening and closing are still not completely understood. Here, through large-scale screening, we identified an Arabidopsis mutant (cst2 for closed stomata2) defective in stomatal opening under light condition. A map-based cloning combined with complementation test revealed that the mutant phenotype was caused by a nucleotide substitution of a gene, which domains show similarity to human Mg efflux transporter ACDP/CNNM. Functional analysis showed that CST2 encodes a tonoplast-localized transporter for Mg. This protein is constitutively and highly expressed in the guard cells. Furthermore, CST2 is phosphorylated by calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-interacting protein kinases 26 (CIPK26) in vitro, which is probably required for its activation. Knockout of this gene resulted in stomatal closing and growth retardation under high Mg concentration conditions, while over-expression of this gene increased tolerance to high Mg. Our results indicate that CST2 plays an important role in maintaining Mg homeostasis in plant cells through sequestering Mg into vacuoles especially in guard cells and that this homeostasis is required for stomatal opening, which provide a novel insight into mechanism of stomatal opening in plants.