bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
k-eμlator: emulating clustering effects of the k-essence dark energy
Authors: Nouri-Zonoz Ahmad , Hassani Farbod , Kunz Martin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
We build an emulator based on the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) technique to efficiently model the non-linear effects associated with the clustering of the k-essence dark energy in the effective field theory framework. These effects can be described through a modification of Poisson’s equation, denoted by the function $\mu (k,z)$, which in general depends on wavenumber k and redshift z. To emulate this function, we perform 200 high-resolution N-body simulations sampled from a seven-dimensional parameter space with the Latin hypercube method. These simulations are executed using the k-evolution code on a fixed mesh, containing $1200^3$ dark matter particles within a box size of $400~\text{Mpc}\, h^{-1}$. The emulation process has been carried out within uqlab, a matlab-based software specifically dedicated to emulation and uncertainty quantification tasks. Apart from its role in emulation, the PCE method also facilitates the measurement of Sobol indices, enabling us to assess the relative impact of each cosmological parameter on the $\mu$ function. Our results show that the PCE-based emulator efficiently and accurately reflects the behaviour of the k-essence dark energy for the cosmological parameter space defined by $w_0 c_\mathrm{ s}^2 \text{CDM} +\sum m_{\nu }$. Compared against actual simulations, the emulator achieves sub-per cent accuracy up to the wavenumber $k \approx 9.4 ~h\, \text{Mpc}^{-1}$ for redshifts $z \le 3$. Our emulator provides an efficient and reliable tool for Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis, and its capability to closely mimic the properties of the k-essence dark energy makes it a crucial component in Bayesian parameter estimations. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/anourizo/k-emulator.
Learning From Full Characterization of HIV Proviruses in People Receiving Long-Acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine With a History of Replication on the Antiretroviral Classes
Authors: Mchantaf Gilbert , Chaillon Antoine , Charre Caroline , Melard Adeline , Gardiennet Elise , Guinard Jérôme , Prazuck Thierry , Guillaume Clémence , Mariaggi Alice-Andrée , Bois Julie , Hocqueloux Laurent , Avettand-Fenoel Véronique 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
To better understand factors associated with virologic response, we retrospectively characterized the HIV proviruses of 7 people with HIV who received long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine (CAB/RPV-LA) and were selected according to the following criteria: virologic control achieved despite a history of viral replication on 1 or both corresponding antiretroviral classes (n = 6) and virologic failure (VF) after CAB/RPV-LA initiation (n = 1).

Methods
Last available blood samples before the initiation of CAB/RPV-LA were analyzed retrospectively. Near full-length HIV DNA genome haplotypes were inferred from Nanopore sequencing by the in vivo Genome Diversity Analyzer to search for archived drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and evaluate the frequency and intactness of proviruses harboring DRMs.

Results
Archived DRMs including G-to-A mutations were found in samples from 3 patients who maintained virologic control. Genomes harboring DRMs were majorly in minority variants (&lt;20%) and were defective in all cases except for 1 participant. In this participant, intact genomes with the H221Y mutation on reverse transcriptase were detected representing 11 copies per 106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The other mutations observed in the participants of the study resulted most likely from hypermutations. The patient with VF presented archived mutations, all associated with defects. Other factors could explain this VF.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the difficulty in interpreting the clinical significance of DRMs when detected in proviral DNA and the need to filter out hypermutated sequences. Detected DRMs could be harbored by defective archived genomes unlikely to contribute to treatment failure.
Pioneering in clinical pediatric sleep medicine: an interesting journey
Authors: Ferber Richard 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In 1978, as a young pediatrician, I became interested in the developing field of clinical sleep medicine and set out on a journey into uncharted waters, namely into the previously non-existent field of pediatric sleep medicine. I describe my early training (in a specialty where no formal training programs existed), my excellent mentors, my early struggles to work with equipment that was both primitive by today’s standards and not designed to work with children and infants, and various other obstacles I initially faced. I also share some of early findings in pediatric insomnia, sleepiness, parasomnias, and rhythm disorders, and I outline some of our efforts to develop new treatment approaches and techniques where scientifically based ones previously did not exist. Finally, I try to describe translating what I was learning about children and their sleep problems into a wide-ranging book to help parents, especially those who were sleep-deprived themselves.
Validation of PROMIS-PI in a Lumbar Decompression Cohort Through Correlation to Established Pain and Disability Metrics
Authors: Anwar Fatima N. , Wolf Jacob C. , Roca Andrea M. , Loya Alexandra C. , Medakkar Srinath S. , Kaul Aayush , Federico Vincent P. , Sayari Arash J. , Lopez Gregory D. , Singh Kern 
Published: December 2024

Study Design:
Retrospective review.

Objective:
To validate using patient-reported outcome measurement information system-pain interference (PROMIS-PI) to assess outcomes in patients undergoing lumbar decompression surgery compared with well-established pain and disability measures.

Summary of Background Data:
PROMIS outcomes provide valuable information, but the PROMIS-PI measure has not been validated in lumbar decompression.

Methods:
Patient data from a single-surgeon registry were queried to identify patients undergoing elective, primary lumbar decompression for disc herniation. Exclusion criteria included records missing patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). PROMs included: PROMIS-PI, visual analog scale (VAS)-back, VAS-leg, and Oswestry disability index (ODI). The association between PROMIS-PI and the other PROMs was determined at preoperative, 6-week, 12-week, 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year time points using the Pearson paired correlation tests. MCID achievement rates were determined for all PROMs and correlations were calculated between PROMIS-PI MCID achievement rates and achievement rates for VAS-B, VAS-L, and ODI.

Results:
A total of 102 patients were included. PROMIS-PI demonstrated a significant correlation to VAS-B at all periods (P<0.0048, all) with a magnitude of correlation (|r|) ranging from 0.535 to 0.907. PROMIS-PI demonstrated a significant correlation to VAS-L at all periods (P<0.0048, all) with a magnitude of correlation (|r|) ranging from 0.393 to 0.907. PROMIS-PI demonstrated a significant correlation to ODI (P<0.0010, all) with a magnitude of correlation (|r|) ranging from 0.664 to 0.925. There were moderate correlations between MCID achievement rates between PROMIS-PI and all other PROMs studied (P<0.0019, all) with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.367 to 0.406.

Conclusion:
PROMIS-PI demonstrated a significant correlation to VAS-back, VAS-L, and ODI metrics at preoperative and all postoperative follow-up periods. PROMIS-PI as a valid tool for the evaluation of patient-reported pain provides an additional metric that can guide pain management in patients undergoing spine surgery.
Concurrent Panniculectomy With Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: A Propensity-scored Matched Study of Quality Improvement Outcomes
Authors: Holland Alexis M. , Lorenz William R. , Marturano Matthew N. , Hollingsworth Rose K. , Scarola Gregory T. , Mead Brittany S. , Heniford B. Todd , Augenstein Vedra A. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Concurrent panniculectomy with abdominal wall reconstruction (CP-AWR) as a single-stage operation has reported increased complications, but constant quality improvement can improve results. This study describes outcomes for 21 years, impacted by evidence-based-practice changes.

Methods:
Prospectively maintained database was reviewed for CP-AWR and separated by surgery date: “early” (2002–2016) and “recent” (2017–2023). A 1:1 propensity-scored matching was performed based on age, tobacco use, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, wound class, and defect size.

Results:
Of 701 CP-AWRs, 196 pairs matched. Match criteria were not significantly different between early and recent groups, except for BMI (34.6 ± 7.2 versus 32.1 ± 6.01 kg/m2; P = 0.001). Groups were comparable in sex and diabetes, but recent patients had fewer recurrent hernias (71.4% versus 56.1%; P = 0.002). Recent patients had more biologic (21.9% versus 49.0%; P < 0.001) and preperitoneal mesh (87.2% versus 97.4%; P = 0.005). Readmission and reoperation did not significantly differ, but length of stay (8.3 ± 6.7 versus 6.5 ± 3.4 d; P = 0.001) and wound complications decreased over time (50.5% versus 25.0%; P < 0.001). Hernia recurrence rates improved (6.6% versus 1.5%; P = 0.019), but follow-up was shorter (50.9 ± 52.8 versus 22.9 ± 22.6 months; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Despite patient complexity, outcomes of CP-AWR improved with implementation of evidence-based-practice changes in preoperative optimization, intraoperative technique, and postoperative care. This large dataset demonstrates the safety of a single-stage repair that should be part of hernia surgeons' repertoire.
A Fatal Case of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Possibly Transmitted Through a Hog Badger’s Bite
Authors: Tian Junhua , Xin Ji , Xiang Jie , Guo Hui , Li Xin , Lu Miao , Hu Lin , Mao Weiping , Jiang Hai , Li Kun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a highly fatal hemorrhagic fever normally transmitted to humans through tick bites. Here, we report that a 63-year-old man presented symptoms (fever, chill, cough and vomiting) 15 days after being bitten by a hog badger. He was diagnosed with SFTS and died of multiple organ failure. Epidemiological investigations suggested it is mostly likely that the SFTSV was transmitted through the hog badger’s bite. This may be the first case of SFTS directly transmitted from wild animals, and the potential risk of SFTSV from wild animals to humans should be considered.
Surgical implications in intraocular lens exchange with an open posterior capsule: a retrospective case series and review of the literature
Authors: Kaiser Klemens Paul , Jandewerth Tyll , Davidova Petra , Kohnen Thomas 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To determine characteristics and differences in intraocular lens (IOL) exchange between eyes with an open (OPC) and closed posterior capsule (CPC).

Setting:
Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.

Design:
Retrospective case series and review of literature.

Methods:
Charts of all cases of IOL exchange between January 2010 and May 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Main outcome measures were indications for surgery, IOL implantation technique, and the necessity of anterior vitrectomy. MEDLINE database and Google scholar were used to identify relevant past publications.

Results:
We included 37 eyes of 30 patients with a mean age of 62.1 ± 10.2 years, with 16 eyes (43.2%) with OPC undergoing IOL exchange. Mean interval between IOL implantation and IOL exchange was 61.50 ± 62.00 months in the OPC group and 15.81 ± 15.03 months in the CPC group. The most common indication was optical phenomena in 18 cases (48%). In the OPC group, intraoperative anterior vitrectomy was necessary twice as often (OPC nine cases (56%) vs. CPC five cases (24%)). Bag-to-bag IOL exchange was performed in all eyes with CPC, and in 10/16 (62%) with OPC (p=0.009). Postoperative complications were seen in a total of 7/16 eyes (43.7%) with OPC and 3/21 (14.3%) with CPC (p=0.012).

Conclusion:
The success rate of repositioning an IOL within a bag with OPC is less than that achieved with CPC. A vitrectomy is typically required when attempting a bag-to-bag IOL exchange with an OPC. Capsulotomy should only be performed if the necessity of an IOL exchange is unlikely.
Examining the Influence of Optimal Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adults With Heart Failure
Authors: Alonso Windy W. , Pozehl Bunny J. , Kupzyk Kevin A. , Lundgren Scott W. , Diederich Theresa 
Published: December 2024

Background
Multidrug, guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) improves mortality and hospitalizations for heart failure (HF), but little is known about how optimization of multidrug GDMT influences patient-reported outcomes. Trials of single GDMT medications demonstrate improvements in patient-reported outcomes; however, the effect of the multidrug GDMT regimen on patient-reported outcomes is unclear.

Objective
The objective of this study is to determine how multidrug optimization during a multidisciplinary, advanced practice provider HF clinic impacted patient-reported symptoms and quality of life in adults with HF.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study examined patient-reported outcomes at baseline and 12 weeks during a multidrug GDMT optimization clinic for HF. Outcomes were compared across time and male and female sex. Quality of life was measured with the EQ5D. Symptoms were measured using the PROMIS-29 and PROMIS-Dyspnea Severity score. Descriptive statistics describe sample characteristics. Paired and independent t tests were used for comparisons.

Results
Of 301 adults with HF enrolled in a clinic, 101 completed patient-reported outcome measures at baseline and 12 weeks. Patients (predominantly White/Caucasian males; mean age, 59 years) reported significant improvement in the EQ5D domains of mobility and performance of usual activities, and PROMIS-29 subscales for physical function, fatigue, and ability to participate in social roles. Sex differences were noted for pain and depression, with females reporting improved pain and males reporting slightly less depression.

Conclusions
Multidisciplinary, advanced practice provider–led optimization clinics can promote optimization of multidrug GDMT that can improve patient-reported outcomes in adults with HF. Future studies are needed to comprehensively examine sex differences in patient-reported response to GDMT and patient-reported response to updated, “quadruple-therapy” GDMT recommendations.
Huddles in Hospital Maternity Settings
Authors: Bernstein Samantha L. , Bell Jessica G. , Broadhurst Rebecca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality recommends the use of safety huddles, in which clinicians are briefly gathered to review a patient's condition, including new or developing changes in acuity or stability. The Joint Commission describes huddles as a “hallmark” of high-reliability organizations. Previous reviews have confirmed the general utility of huddles, including positive regard by clinicians, but there has not been work specifically looking at huddle use in hospital maternity care settings. Our objective was to identify the ways that huddles have been studied or reported in inpatient maternity settings and synthesize this information with recommendations from professional organizations to identify gaps in the literature published in the United States since 1999.

Methods:
We used Arksey and O'Malley's framework to guide our scoping review. Using the time frame from 1999 to 2024, we searched the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Embase, as well as gray literature and the reference lists and citing articles of the included manuscripts.

Results:
We found 160 documents, of which 47 met inclusion criteria, including 11 care bundles, 10 quality improvement projects, and 4 research studies. The remaining 22 were a variety of editorials, position papers, and other gray literature.

Discussion:
There is scant research on the use of huddles in hospital maternity care settings, and most literature does not define the participants, timing, or agenda of the huddle. Further research is needed to understand how huddles affect outcomes in maternity settings. Researchers should explicitly define the huddles they are studying. The review protocol was registered at Open Science Framework Registries.
Application of Predictive Analytics in Pregnancy, Birth, and Postpartum Nursing Care
Authors: Dreisbach Caitlin , Barcelona Veronica , Turchioe Meghan Reading , Bernstein Samantha , Erickson Elise 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Predictive analytics has emerged as a promising approach for improving reproductive health care and patient outcomes. During pregnancy and birth, the ability to accurately predict risks and complications could enable earlier interventions and reduce adverse events. However, there are challenges and ethical considerations for implementing predictive models in perinatal care settings. We introduce major concepts in predictive analytics and describe application of predictive modeling to perinatal care topics such as fertility, preeclampsia, labor onset, vaginal birth after cesarean, uterine rupture, induction outcomes, postpartum hemorrhage, and postpartum mood disorders. Although some predictive models have achieved adequate accuracy (AUC 0.7-0.9), most require additional external validation across diverse populations and practice settings. Bias, particularly racial bias, remains a key limitation of current models. Nurses and advanced practice nurses, including nurse practitioners certified registered nurse anesthetists, and nurse-midwives, play a vital role in ensuring high-quality data collection and communicating predictive model outputs to clinicians and users of the health care system. Addressing the ethical challenges and limitations of predictive analytics is imperative to equitably translate these tools to support patient-centered perinatal care.
Change of TMJ Space Volume After Mandibular Setback BSSRO With Intended Manual Condyle Positioning in Severe Facial Asymmetric Patients
Authors: Bae Jung-Hwan , Hwang Ji-Young , Lee Jae-Yeol , Hwang Dae-Seok 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
This study aimed to quantitatively analyze temporomandibular joint (TMJ) space volume changes before and after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) with intended manual condyle positioning in patients with severe facial asymmetry.

Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted, including 20 patients with facial asymmetry (menton deviation >8 mm) who underwent BSSRO with intended manual condyle positioning at a single institution. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained preoperatively (T0), 2 days postoperatively (T1), and 6 months postoperatively (T2). TMJ space volumes on the deviation side (DS) and non deviation side (NDS) were measured at each time point. Changes in TMJ space volume were analyzed over time and compared between the DS and NDS using appropriate statistical methods.

Results:
Both the DS and NDS exhibited an increasing trend in TMJ space volume from T0 to T1, followed by a reduction at T2, approaching levels similar to T0. The change in volume from T0 to T1 was more pronounced on the DS compared with the NDS.

Conclusions:
In patients with severe facial asymmetry undergoing BSSRO, there is a tendency for the TMJ space to increase initially. However, incorporating manual condylar positioning to achieve a stable condyle position results in the TMJ space returning to pre-surgery levels by 6 months postoperatively. These findings suggest that intended manual condyle positioning may help maintain proper TMJ function following BSSRO in patients with severe facial asymmetry.
Survival Outcomes of 997 Patients With Eyelid Sebaceous Carcinoma in the National Cancer Database
Authors: Huck Nolan A. , Khosravi Pooya , Torabi Sina J. , Zhou Paul S. , Nguyen Theodore V. , Tao Jeremiah P. , Kuan Edward C. , Dermarkarian Christopher R. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives:
This study aimed to characterize the survival of patients with sebaceous carcinoma (SC) of the eyelids according to demographics and other variables.

Methods:
Patients with SC of the eyelids from 2004 to 2017 were identified in the National Cancer Database. Demographic and clinical covariates were assessed. Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were employed for survival analysis.

Results:
A total of 997 of 1101 patients were included. Most patients were females (57.8%), white (88.7%), and presented in their seventh to ninth decade of life (62.5%). Surgical excision (89.2%) was the primary treatment. Older patients were likely to be females, located in the Midwest United States, and were likely to present with T3/4 staging (P < 0.01). Males were more likely to be younger (P < 0.01), black (P = 0.03), and located in the Southern United States (P = 0.05). Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis demonstrated: greater 3-year overall survival (OS) for patients younger than 60 years (95.0%) compared with patients aged 60 to 79 (88.8%) and aged older than 80 years (69.7%) (P < 0.01) and greater 3-year OS for patients with T1-2b staging (83.6%) compared with T3-4 staging (74.0%; P < 0.01). Multivariate Cox regression demonstrated males (P < 0.01), older age (P < 0.01), and M1+ staging (P < 0.01) had greater risk of death as determined by hazard ratios.

Conclusion:
Patients with SC of the eyelids were female, white, and older than 70 years of age. There was a significantly greater 3-year OS for patients who were <60 years of age and who had T1-2b staging. Multivariate analysis demonstrated males, older age, and metastases portend a higher risk of death.
KLF10 Induced by Hypothermic Machine Perfusion Alleviates Renal Inflammation Through BIRC2/Noncanonical NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Hu Qianchao , Chen Hao , Lan Jia’nan , Chen Yiwen , Liu Zhongzhong , Xiong Yan , Zhou Wei , Zhong Zibiao , Ye Qifa 
Published: December 2024

Background.
Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) is becoming the main preservation method for donation after circulatory death (DCD) kidneys. It can provide continuous flow and form shear stress (SS) upon endothelial cells (ECs), thereby regulating EC injury. Krüppel-like factor 10 (KLF10) has been shown to lessen vascular damage. However, how SS and KLF10 impact HMP-regulated injury is unclear.

Methods.
In this study, we investigated the influences of KLF10 on HMP in animal models and human renal biopsy and explored how SS affected KLF10 expression in a parallel-plate flow chamber system. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation sequencing and luciferase assay were performed to seek the target genes of KLF10. The influences of KLF10 on HMP-regulated injury were investigated by transfecting si-KLF10 adeno-associated virus serotype 9 into rat kidneys. The molecular expression was examined using immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results.
Our results show KLF10 expression was augmented in human, rabbit, and rat DCD kidneys after HMP. HMP improved ECs and tubule injury and attenuated inflammation; however, the knockdown of KLF10 reversed this effect. SS regulated KLF10 expression in ECs by affecting F-actin, and KLF10 could maintain ECs homeostasis. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation sequencing and luciferase assay revealed that baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis protein repeat-containing 2 (BIRC2
) is a target gene of KLF10. Furthermore, BIRC2 linked to nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-inducing kinase, induced NF-κB)-inducing kinase ubiquitination, and resulted in inhibiting the noncanonical NF-κB pathway.

Conclusions.
SS can mediate KLF10 expression, whereas HMP can protect against warm ischemic injury by reducing inflammation via KLF10/BIRC2/noncanonical NF-κB pathway. Therefore, KLF10 might be a novel target for improving DCD kidney quality.