bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterization of ER Stress sensor IRE1α and IRE1β and their expression analysis in response to different fatty acid in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)
Authors: Chang Zhiguang , Yang Minghui , Ji Hong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) is the most evolutionarily conserved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein. Here, we identified and analyzed two IRE isoforms (IRE1α and IRE1β) in grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ). The coding sequences of IRE1α and IRE1β were 3096 and 2835 nucleotides, and they encoded proteins of 1031 and 944 amino acids, respectively. Each of the two IRE1s proteins had four PPQ domains, a transmembrane helix region, an S_TKc and a PUG domain, which were relatively conserved in comparison to mammals. qRT-PCR revealed that IRE1α was the highest in liver and brain, whereas the highest expression of IRE1β expressed was found in the hindgut, which may be closely related with their role. Moreover, we have compared the effect of saturated (palmitic acid, PA) , monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid, OA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (Docosahexaenoic acid, DHA) on ER stress in CIK cells, and found that PA and DHA induced UPR-related gene expression in dose-dependent , and OA increased expression of IRE1α and decreased expression of IRE1β, ATF4 and ATF6 at lower doses. Additionally, our studies revealed that blocking IRE1α pathway using specific inhibitor 4μ8c, subsequently reversed PA-induced autophagy and inflammation, indicating the role of IRE1α in mediating PA-induced CIK cells. Taken together, the study demonstrated the IRE1α and IRE1β that likely have an important role in physiological processes induced by fatty acids in grass carp.
Effect of the turbulent biological tissues on the propagation properties of coherent Laguerre-Gaussian beams
Authors: Ebrahim Ahmed Abdulrab Ali , Belafhal Abdelmajid 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the effects of turbulent biological tissues (TBT) on the propagation properties of the coherent Laguerre-Gaussian (CLG) beams are studied. Based on the turbulence theory and using the power spectrum refractive-index model, the expression formulae of the average irradiance intensity and spreading properties of a CLG beam propagating in TBT are derived. The influence of propagation distance, beam orders, wavelengths and tissue turbulence parameters are then investigated numerically. It found that, the central dark zone of the circular/elliptical LG beams rises more rapidly as the propagation distance and the structural constant of the refractive index of the biological tissue increase and the beams become eventually more like Gaussian beams in the far-field under the influence of the turbulence biological tissues. Also, the numerical results proved that the effective beam spot radius increases as turbulence, wavelength, and propagation distance are increasing. Ultimately, the beams become circular under the influence of the turbulence of the biological tissue. As found that the effective beam spot radius along the x-axis becomes equal to that of the y-axis in high TBT which explain why an elliptical LG beam is converted into a circular one in higher structural constant of the turbulent tissue. Moreover, our results show that, the influence of the beam order m slightly greater than that of l on the beam spreading.
Continuous-time Predator-Prey-Like Systems of Non Linear Ordinary Differential Equations Linking Mosquito-Breeding Site Density to Community Action Under Temperature Effects
Authors: Ngwa Gideon A , Teboh-Ewungkem Miranda Ijang , Njongwe James A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A system of two first order nonlinear ordinary differential equations is used to model and theoretically investigate the dynamics of the formation of mosquito breeding sites in a uniform environment. The model captures the dynamic interplay between community action, climatic factors and the availability of mosquito breeding sites by interpreting the possible pathways and environmental processes leading to the formation of these breeding sites. The developed model is analysed using standard methods in nonlinear dynamical systems' theory. Our results show that it is possible to attempt the problem of the dynamics of formation of breeding sites by taking into consideration the level of human consciousness as measured through human response to community action. Different feedback response functions are used to excite the breeding site removal and community action. For the case where the response functionals are both constants, we identify an indicator function whose size can indicate whether in the long run, community action can lead to the removal and elimination of breeding sites near human habitats. Using a predictor-corrector procedure that fits real climatic data to a continuous periodic function, we demonstrate how climatic variables can be included in the model and how models for the time variation of temperature and precipitation in a given area can be constructed just by appropriately choosing the parameters of a sinusoidal function and then correcting the output using nonlinear least squares analysis. Numerical simulation results are used to complement our analytical results.
Assessing the effects of the Environmental Protection Tax Law on heavily polluting firms in China
Authors: Wen Huwei , Deng Weifeng , Guo Quanen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In 2016, China enacted a law on environmental protection tax (EPTL2016) to promote the transformation and upgrading of heavily polluting industries through tax leverage. Using the panel data of China’s listed companies, this study assesses the treatment effects of environmental protection tax law on the transformation and upgrading of heavily polluting firms by incorporating the intermediary role of the financial market. Empirical evidence shows that the EPTL2016 has significantly reduced the innovation investment and productivity of heavily polluting firms but has no significant effect on fixed-asset investment. We also find that the EPTL2016 reduces the supply of bank loans to heavily polluting firms and increases the value of growth options for private enterprises and the efficiency of the supply of long-term loans to heavily polluting firms. Although the environmental policy of EPTL2016 benefits the transformation and upgrading of heavily polluting industries in many aspects, it generally hinders the industrial upgrading because of the reduction of bank loans.
A Symbiotic Organisms Search Algorithm With Memory Guidance for Global Optimization Problems
Authors: ZHao Pengjun , Liu Sanyang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Symbiotic organisms search (SOS) algorithm is a nature-inspired meta-heuristic algorithm, which has been successfully applied to solve a large number of problems of different areas. In this work, a novel modified variant of SOS with a memory strategy and good-point set (GMSOS) is proposed to improve the properties of exploration and exploitation. For improving the population diversity and the search capability of the SOS algorithm, the good point set theory rather than random selection is used to generate the initial population, and the memory strategy is adopted in three phases of the SOS algorithm, which aims at maintaining the trade-off between exploration and exploitation effectively, and preventing the current best solution from getting trapped into local optima. The performance of the proposed version of SOS is tested on standard benchmark functions with different characteristics and real-world problems. The numerical and statistical results on these applications demonstrate the competitive ability of the proposed algorithm as compared to other popular algorithms available in the literature.
Relationship between Mindfulness and Burnout among Chinese Pilots: Multiple Mediation through Fatigue and Proactive Coping
Authors: Guo Yaning , Ji Ming , Yang Zhiwei , Wang Hui , You Xuqun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to examine a possible relationship between mindfulness and burnout among Chinese civil pilots, and to investigate the mediating effects of fatigue and proactive coping.Background: Based on the perspective of the extended job demand–resource model, the current study has extended prior research for identifying the mechanism underlying the roles of personal resource and personal stress in the association between mindfulness and burnout.Method: A representative sample of 319 civil pilots drawn from the China Southern Airlines accomplished self-administrated questionnaires. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypothesized multiple mediation model with Mplus 8.3.Results: Results addressed consistent evidence that mindfulness would play an important part in relieving and preventing burnout. A multiple mediation model showed that mindfulness exerted its indirect effect on burnout through fatigue and proactive coping, χ2 = 940.495, df = 660, χ2/df = 1.425, TLI = .940, CFI = .944, SRMR = .045, RMSEA = .037. Moreover, fatigue mediated the effect of mindfulness on burnout (β = -.074, 95%CI = -.106 to -.036), whereas proactive coping mediated the association between mindfulness and burnout (β = -.842, 95%CI = -1.215 to -.635). Consequently, findings corroborated a predictive role of fatigue and proactive coping, both independently and jointly, in the indirect effect that mindfulness exerted effects on burnout.Conclusion: Theoretical implications in the extended job demand-resource model and practical recommendations for mindfulness training practice and fatigue reduction program were discussed.
Assessing the Outcome of Management of Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy With Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Guideline.
Authors: Obiegbusi Samuel Chigbo , Dong Xiao Jing , Deng Ming yu , Obiegbusi Chidera Nneji , Yang Yin , Deng Xinru 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction – Pregnancy comes with hormonal changes which, when not properly managed, could lead to complications. Thyroid hormone is one of the hormones that are affected during pregnancy, and it plays a significant role in pregnancy, from conception to delivery. In a bid to identify intended pregnant women and pregnant women with thyroid dysfunction, the Endocrinology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and Perinatal medicine branch of Chinese Medical Association set guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases in pregnancy and postpartum women. The guideline recommends screening for all women who desire getting pregnant soon and pregnant women, which Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University is implementing.Purpose - To Identify the common thyroid disease found among pregnant women in Chongqing. Evaluate the effectiveness of the management guideline toward improving pregnancy outcome among women diagnosed with thyroid disease during their pregestational and gestational period, and ascertain the need for additional measures to be taken towards thyroid disease management during pregnancy in certain areas with unfavourable outcome.Method – A retrospective cohort study of 774 pregnant women diagnosed with thyroid dysfunction in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2016 -2018 was extracted from the hospital computer patient’s record. Only 724 patients that met the inclusive criteria were analysed. Participants were grouped into four, according to the time they were diagnosed and managed. The Multiple logistic regression and binary logistic regression statistical analysis were done with SPSS, and we adjusted for potential confounders, including maternal age, parity, and gravida.Result – There is an association between maternal age and abortion among pregnant women diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism, P-0.018(OR 1.459, 95%CI 1.067-1.997) and significant difference in pregnant women who developed intrauterine growth restriction after being diagnosed with hypothyroidism in the second trimester, P-0.048(OR-0.152, 95%CI 0.024-0.981). There was also a significant difference in gravida, P-0.032(OR 1.368, 95%CI 1.028 1.821) and normal delivery mode, P-0.010(OR 2.521, 95%CI 1.246-5.100).Conclusion – The study shows a promising result as less complication is observed. However, more attention is needed toward managing subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy to curb abortion/miscarriage incidence. Hypothyroidism in second trimester could lead to intrauterine growth restriction. Multigravida increases the risk of complication among pregnant women with thyroid dysfunction.
Genesis and Influencing Factors of the Colour of Chrysoprase: Colourimetric Analysis Based on the Cie 1976 L*a*b* Uniform Colour Space
Authors: Jiang Yuansheng , Guo Ying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The colour of chrysoprase is produced by Ni cations and influenced by other transition-metal cations and crystallinity. Presented here is a study of the origin of chrysoprase colour and an exploration of the factors that influence it from the perspective of gemstone chromaticity. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray fluorescence, ultraviolet–visible and Raman spectroscopies are used to investigate 41 gem-quality chrysoprase samples, and the results show that chrysoprase colour results from nanometre-size inclusions of pimelite. Under a 6504-K fluorescent lamp, chrysoprase colour is divided into the grades of fancy, fancy intense and fancy deep. The lightness of chrysoprase is affected mainly by its Cr content, the chroma is affected by its Ni content and the hue angle is affected by the sum of its Cr and Fe contents. Chrysoprase hue and chroma are related significantly to the transmission window that occurs between the two main bands centred at 380 and 660 nm and the absorption peak at 660 nm in the ultraviolet–visible spectrum. Chrysoprase with low crystallinity has more Ni and a higher chroma.
The diagnostic value of the TNI-93: a memory test suitable for both literate and illiterate patients.
Authors: FOUCARD CENDRINE , Palisson Juliette , Belin Catherine , Bereaux Chloé , Dumurgier Julien , Paquet Claire , Degos Bertrand , Bouaziz-Amar Elodie , Maillet Didier , Houot Marion , Garcin Béatrice 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: A significant proportion of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients are illiterate or poorly educated, and only a few memory tests are adapted for these patients. The TNI-93 is a quick memory test that was designed for all patients regardless of their education level. In the present study we aimed at assessing the diagnostic value of the TNI-93 for the screening and diagnosis of patients with biologically confirmed amyloid status.Method: We included all patients who had a lumbar puncture (LP) for the analysis of AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, a full neuropsychological assessment that included the TNI-93 and an anatomical brain imaging (MRI/CT scan) at Avicenne Hospital between January 2009 and November 2019. We compared the TNI-93 scores in A+ patients (patients with amyloid abnormalities) and A- patients according to the A T (N) criteria (NIA-AA 2018). We also compared A+T+ patients to A-T- patients.Results: 108 patients were included with a mean age of 66.9 ± 8.5 years old, and mean education level of 8.9 ± 5.16 years, illiterate patients represented 27% of the population. Patients from the A+ group (N= 80) were significantly more impaired than patients from the A- group (N=28) on immediate recall (A+: 5.9±2.8; A-: 7.4±2.6; p=0.001), free recall (A+: 3.5±2.7; A-: 5.9±2.8; p< 0.001), total recall (A+: 5.7±3.5; A-: 7.8±2.8; p< 0.001) and on number of intrusions during the recall phase (A+: 1±1.8; A-: 0.1±0.3; p=0.002). Similar results were observed in the memory subgroup but not in patients with presentation other than memory complaint (ie language impairment or others presentation such as behavioural and hallucination). Similar results with increased significance were observed when we compared A+T+ patients (N=50) to A-T- patients (N=26). Analyses of the ROC curves revealed that the best scores of the TNI-93 test to discriminate A+ patients from A- were immediate recall (Area under curve (AUC): 0.70), free recall (AUC: 0.74) and total recall (AUC: 0.74).Conclusion: We found that the TNI-93’s immediate recall, free and total recall are valuable for the diagnosis of amyloid pathology suggestive of AD.
Cat-crnp as New Material With Catalytic Properties for 2-chloro-2-propen- 1-ol and Ethylene Oligomerizations
Authors: Malinowski Jacek , Jacewicz Dagmara , Sikorski Artur , Urbaniak Mariusz , Rybiński Przemysław , Parnicka Patrycja , Zaleska-Medynska Adriana , Gawdzik Barbara , Drzeżdżon Joanna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The contemporary search for new catalysts for olefin oligomerization and polymerization is based on the study of coordinating compounds and/or organometallic compounds as post-metallocene catalysts. However known catalysts are suffered by many flaws, among others unsatisfactory activity, requirement of high pressure or instability at high temperatures. In this paper, we present a new catalyst i.e. the crystalline complex compound possesing high catalytic activity in the oligomerization of olefins, such as 2-chloro-2-propen-1-ol and ethylene under very mild conditions (room temperature, 0.12 bar for ethylene oligomerization, atmospheric pressure for 2-chloro-2-propen-1-ol oligomerization). New material - Cat-CrNP ( [nitrilotriacetato - 1,10–phenanthroline]chromium(III) tetrahydrate) has been obtained as crystalline form of the nitrilotriacetate complex compound of chromium(III) with 1,10-phenanthroline and characterized in terms of its crystal structure by the XRD method and by multi-analytical investigations towards its physicochemical propeties The yield of catalytic oligomerization over Cat-CrNP reached to 213.92 g ∙ mmol-1 ∙ h-1∙ bar-1 and 3232 g ∙ mmol-1 ∙ h-1 ∙ bar-1 for the 2-chloro-2-propen-1-ol and ethylene, respectively. Furthemore, the synthesis of Cat-CrNP is cheap, easy to perform and solvents used during preparation are environmentally friendly.
Efficiency and Kinetics of Assam Crude Oil Degradation by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa AKS1&nbsp;and Bacillus Sp. AKS2
Authors: Chettri Bobby , Singha Ningombam Anjana , Singh Arvind Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We report kinetics of Assam crude oil degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AKS1 and Bacillus sp. AKS2, both isolated from Assam refinery sediments. The isolates exhibited appreciable degrees of hydrophobicity, emulsification index and biosurfactant production. Crude oil degradation efficiency of isolates was assessed in (1) liquid medium amended with 1% v/v crude oil and (2) microcosm sediments (125 mg crude oil/ 10 g sand). In liquid culture, the biodegradation rate (k) and half-life (t1/2) values were found to be 0.0383 day -1 and 18.09 days for P. aeruginosa AKS1, and 0.0204 day -1 and 33.97 days in case of Bacillus sp. AKS2. In microcosm sand sediments, the estimated biodegradation rate (k) and half-life (t 1/2) values were 0.0138 day -1 and 50 days for P. aeruginosa AKS1, and 0.0113 day -1 and 61.34 days in case of Bacillus sp. AKS2. The level of nutrient treatment in microcosm sand sediment was 125 µg N & 62.5 µg P/g sediment in case of P. aeruginosa AKS1 and 375 µg N & 37.5 µg P/g sediment in case of Bacillus sp. AKS2. In microcosms without inorganic nutrients, biodegradation rate (k) and half-life (t1/2) values were found to be 0.0069 day -1 and 100 days for P. aeruginosa AKS1 and for Bacillus sp. AKS2, the respective values were found to be 0.0046 day -1 and 150.68 days. Our data provides important information for predictive hydrocarbon degradation in liquid medium and contaminated sediments.
Development and Pilot Test of a Physician-Focused Cancer Clinical Trials Communication Training Intervention
Authors: Eggly Susan , Manning Mark , Senft Nicole , Moore Tanina Foster , Albrecht Terrance L. , Penner Louis A. , Heath Elisabeth , Carducci Michael A. , Lansey Dina G. , Hamel Lauren M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
PurposeClinical trials are critical to advancing cancer treatments, yet their impact is hindered by low accrual rates, especially among minorities. One barrier is the quality of physician communication during clinical interactions in which trials are discussed. We describe the development and pilot test of a physician-focused, web-based training module designed as an intervention to improve physician communication related to discussing clinical trials in a diverse cancer patient population. The purpose of the pilot test was to assess acceptability and preliminary effectiveness in improving physician beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and comfort related to discussing cancer clinical trials with patients and families in a diverse patient population.MethodA team of researchers, clinicians, and community members developed the training module based on current communication research and analysis of an archive of video-recorded patient-oncologist interactions. The module included a brief didactic video explaining patient-centered communication strategies for discussing trials, and re-enactments of selected video clips from the archive to provide illustrations and guide opportunities for reflection. For the pilot test, the module was provided to physician participants in the Partnering Around Cancer Clinical Trials (PACCT) trial at two NCI-designated comprehensive cancer centers. Pre-post measures included assessments of change in beliefs, behavioral attitudes, knowledge and comfort related to discussing trials; measures also assessed evaluations of the module. ResultsNineteen physicians participated in the pilot test of the module. Most were very experienced in discussing trials. Pre-post assessments indicated mixed findings about beliefs, marginal improvement in attitudes, and a significant improvement in knowledge, but no change in comfort discussing trials. Feedback on the module was favorable. ConclusionsThis pilot test of a stakeholder-developed physician communication training module demonstrated its acceptability and effectiveness, even in this highly-experienced physician sample. Future research is needed to determine its effectiveness on communication in clinical settings. Trial Registration Number NCT02906241