bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo deformation of anatomically pre-bent rods in thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Sudo Hideki , Tachi Hiroyuki , Kokabu Terufumi , Yamada Katsuhisa , Iwata Akira , Endo Tsutomu , Takahata Masahiko , Abe Yuichiro , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSome surgical strategies can maintain or restore thoracic kyphosis (TK); however, next-generation surgical schemes for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) should consider anatomical corrections. A four-dimensional correction could be actively achieved by curving the rod. Thus, anatomically designed rods have been developed as notch-free, pre-bent rods for easier anatomical reconstruction. This study aimed to compare the initial curve corrections obtained using notch-free rods and manually bent, notched rods for the anatomical reconstruction of thoracic AIS. Two consecutive series of 60 patients who underwent anatomical posterior correction for main thoracic AIS curves were prospectively followed up. After multilevel facetectomy, except for the lowest instrumented segment, either notch-free or notched rods were used. Patient demographic data, radiographic measurements, and sagittal rod angles were analyzed within 1 week after surgery. Patients with notch-free rods had significantly higher postoperative TK than patients with notched rods (P < .001), but both groups achieved three-dimensional spinal corrections and significantly increased postoperative rates of patients with T6–T8 TK apex (P = .006 for notch-free rods and P = .008 for notched rods). The rod deformation angle at the concave side was significantly lower in the notch-free rods than in the notched rods (P < .001). The notch-free, pre-bent rod can maintain its curvature, leading to better correction or maintenance of TK after anatomical spinal correction surgery than the conventional notched rod. These results suggest the potential benefits of anatomically designed notch-free, pre-bent rods over conventional, manually bent rods.
Seasonality modulates the direct and indirect influences of forest cover on larval anopheline assemblages in western Amazônia
Authors: Arcos Adriano Nobre , Valente-Neto Francisco , da Silva Ferreira Francisco Augusto , Bolzan Fábio Padilha , da Cunha Hillândia Brandão , Tadei Wanderli Pedro , Hughes Robert M. , de Oliveira Roque Fabio 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSerious concerns have arisen regarding urbanization processes in western Amazônia, which result in the creation of artificial habitats, promoting the colonization of malaria vectors. We used structural equation modelling to investigate direct and indirect effects of forest cover on larval habitats and anopheline assemblages in different seasons. We found 3474 larvae in the dry season and 6603 in the rainy season, totalling ten species and confirming the presence of malaria vectors across all sites. Forest cover had direct and indirect (through limnological variables) effects on the composition of larval anopheline assemblages in the rainy season. However, during the dry season, forest cover directly affected larval distribution and habitat variables (with no indirect affects). Additionally, artificial larval habitats promote ideal conditions for malaria vectors in Amazonia, mainly during the rainy season, with positive consequences for anopheline assemblages. Therefore, the application of integrated management can be carried out during both seasons. However, we suggest that the dry season is the optimal time because larval habitats are more limited, smaller in volume and more accessible for applying vector control techniques.
Investigating morphological changes in the brain in relation to etiology and duration of olfactory dysfunction with voxel-based morphometry
Authors: Postma E. M. , Smeets P. A. M. , Boek W. M. , Boesveldt S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOlfactory loss (OL) affects up to 20% of the general population and is related to changes in olfaction-related brain regions. This study investigated the effect of etiology and duration of OL on gray matter volume (GMV) of these regions in 257 patients. Voxel-based morphometry was applied to measure GMV in brain regions of interest to test the effects of etiology and duration on regional GMV and the relation between olfactory function and regional GMV. Etiology of OL had a significant effect on GMV in clusters representing the gyrus rectus and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC),
bilaterally. Patients with congenital anosmia had reduced GMV in the gyrus rectus and an increased OFC volume compared to patients with acquired OL. There was a significant association between volume of the left OFC and olfactory function. This implies that changes in GMV in patients with acquired OL are mainly reflected in the OFC and depend on olfactory function. Morphology of olfactory areas in the brain therefore seems to relate to olfactory function and the subsequent degree of exposure to olfactory input in patients with acquired OL. Differences in GMV in congenital anosmia are most likely due to the fact that patients were never able to smell.
Fabrication of elastic, conductive, wear-resistant superhydrophobic composite material
Authors: Mirmohammadi Seyed Mehran , Hoshian Sasha , Jokinen Ville P. , Franssila Sami 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/Cu superhydrophobic composite material is fabricated by wet etching, electroless plating, and polymer casting. The surface topography of the material emerges from hierarchical micro/nanoscale structures of etched aluminum, which are rigorously copied by plated copper. The resulting material is superhydrophobic (contact angle > 170°, sliding angle < 7° with 7 µL droplets), electrically conductive, elastic and wear resistant. The mechanical durability of both the superhydrophobicity and the metallic conductivity are the key advantages of this material. The material is robust against mechanical abrasion (1000 cycles): the contact angles were only marginally lowered, the sliding angles remained below 10°, and the material retained its superhydrophobicity. The resistivity varied from 0.7 × 10–5 Ωm (virgin) to 5 × 10–5 Ωm (1000 abrasion cycles) and 30 × 10–5 Ωm (3000 abrasion cycles). The material also underwent 10,000 cycles of stretching and bending, which led to only minor changes in superhydrophobicity and the resistivity remained below 90 × 10–5 Ωm.
Associations of maternal and infant metabolomes with immune maturation and allergy development at 12 months in the Swedish NICE-cohort
Authors: Hartvigsson Olle , Barman Malin , Rabe Hardis , Sandin Anna , Wold Agnes E. , Brunius Carl , Sandberg Ann-Sofie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAllergic diseases are the most common chronic diseases in childrenin the Western world, but little is know about what factors influence immune maturation and allergy development. We therefore aimed to associate infant and maternal metabolomes to T- and B-cell subpopulations and allergy diagnosis. We performed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomics on blood plasma from mothers (third trimester, n = 605; delivery, n = 558) and from the umbilical cord (n = 366). The measured metabolomes were associated to T- and B-cell subpopulations up to 4 months after delivery and to doctor´s diagnosed eczema, food allergy and asthma at one year of age using random forest analysis. Maternal and cord plasma at delivery could predict the number of CD24+CD38low memory B-cells (p = 0.033, n = 26 and p = 0.009, n = 22), but future allergy status could not be distinguished from any of the three measured metabolomes. Replication of previous literature findings showed hypoxanthine to be upregulated in the umbilical cord of children with subsequent asthma. This exploratory study suggests foetal immune programming occuring during pregnancy as the metabolomic profiles of mothers and infants at delivery related to infants’ B-cell maturation.
Incidence and clinical relevance of persistent iatrogenic atrial septal defect after percutaneous mitral valve repair
Authors: Alachkar Mhd Nawar , Alnaimi Anas , Reith Sebastain , Altiok Ertunc , Schröder Jörg , Marx Nikolaus , Almalla Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPercutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR) requires transseptal puncture and results in iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD). The impact of persistent iASD was previously investigated. However, data were diverse and inconclusive. 53 patients who underwent MITRACLIP were retrospectively included. Based on the presence of iASD in transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) after 6 months, patients were divided in two groups (iASD group vs. non-iASD group). Impact of iASD on outcome at 6 months and at two years was evaluated. Persistent iASD was detected in 62% of patients. Independent predictors for persistent iASD were female gender and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. At 6-month follow-up, there was no difference in reduction of NYHA class (ΔNYHA = 1.3 ± 1 in iASD group vs. 0.9 ± 1 in non-iASD group, p = 0.171). There was a significant difference in right ventricular end diastolic diameter (RVEDd) (42 ± 8 mm in iASD-group vs. 39 ± 4 mm in non-iASD group, p = 0.047). However, right ventricular systolic function (TAPSE) (14 ± 7 mm in iASD group vs. 16 ± 8 mm in non-iASD group, p = 0.176) and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) (40 ± 12 mmHg in iASD group vs. 35 ± 10 mmHg in non-iASD group, p = 0.136) were still comparable between both groups. At 2 years follow-up, there was no significant difference regarding rate of rehospitalization (24% vs 15%, p = 0.425) or mortality (12% vs 10%, p = 0.941) between both groups. Incidence of persistent iASD after MITRACLIP is markedly high. Despite the increase in right ventricular diameter in patients with persistent iASD, these patients were not clinically compromised compared to patients without persistent iASD.
Freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor
Authors: Yoda Tsuyoshi , Miyaki Hiroshi , Saito Tomoaki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractConcentrated juices are sources of alcoholic drinks. Juice concentration may be achieved using different methods, such as freezing or heating. High temperatures in the process of juice concentration damage heat-sensitive components, such as aromatic compounds. Although the freezing process of juice concentration has been studied, analyses have been inadequate, particularly in addressing flavors. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of freezing and heating during apple juice concentration in the context of flavor. We found that a total of 97 compounds were found in fresh juice, and freeze-concentrated juice retained 57 of these compounds. Interestingly, freezing led to the generation of 37 flavor compounds. Furthermore, people had difficultly differentiating between intact and frozen concentrated juice. The ratios were almost same between those who correctly identified (28%) and those who incorrectly identified fresh and reconstituted freeze-concentrated juice (25%). We discuss the mechanisms of flavor generation on freezing concentration with regard to the increases in enzymatic activity or other causes. Our study showed that the methods of juice concentration that utilize freezing retain flavor better. These data will benefit juice concentration processes of apples and other fruits in the future.
When dormancy fuels tumour relapse
Authors: Santos-de-Frutos Karla , Djouder Nabil 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTumour recurrence is a serious impediment to cancer treatment, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. The most frequently used anti-tumour therapies—chemotherapy and radiotherapy—target highly proliferative cancer cells. However non- or slow-proliferative dormant cancer cells can persist after treatment, eventually causing tumour relapse. Whereas the reversible growth arrest mechanism allows quiescent cells to re-enter the cell cycle, senescent cells are largely thought to be irreversibly arrested, and may instead contribute to tumour growth and relapse through paracrine signalling mechanisms. Thus, due to the differences in their growth arrest mechanism, metabolic features, plasticity and adaptation to their respective tumour microenvironment, dormant-senescent and -quiescent cancer cells could have different but complementary roles in fuelling tumour growth. In this review article, we discuss the implication of dormant cancer cells in tumour relapse and the need to understand how quiescent and senescent cells, respectively, may play a part in this process.
Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz – die Elsbeere
Authors: Latté Klaus Peter 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Frucht- und Blattdrogen der Elsbeere, Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz (Rosaceae), werden seit Langem volksmedizinisch bei Dysenterie, Verdauungsproblemen, Durchfall und Cholera sowie als Herzmittel angewendet. Auch in anderen Kulturkreisen werden die Früchte und Blätter als Heilmittel verwendet. Als Inhaltsstoffe der Früchte und der Blätter sind phenolische Verbindungen isoliert worden, vor allem zahlreiche Flavonoide. Bislang liegen nur wenige In-vitro-Untersuchungen zu den Wirkungen der Früchte und Blätter vor, die vorläufige Erklärungen für die volksmedizinische Verwendung liefern. Klinische Studien liegen nicht vor. Neben der volksmedizinischen Anwendung werden die Früchte auch als Lebensmittel roh oder verarbeitet, z. B. als Edelbrand verwendet.
Die nekrotisierende Fasziitis
Authors: von Glinski Maxi , Dadras Mehran , Wallner Christoph , Wagner Johannes Maximilian , Behr Björn , Lehnhardt Marcus 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDie nekrotisierende Fasziitis (NF) ist eine schwerwiegende Infektion, die sich entlang der Faszien auf das subkutane Fett und die darüber liegenden Weichteile, die Haut und schließlich die Muskulatur ausbreitet und unbehandelt schnell zu septischem Schock und Tod führt. Um eine massive systemische Ausbreitung des infektiösen Prozesses zu vermeiden, ist schon bei Verdacht ein sofortiges und umfassendes radikales chirurgisches Debridement des nekrotischen Gewebes erforderlich, ergänzt durch eine kalkulierte intravenöse antibiotische Therapie. Die Mortalität ist trotzdem mit 20–40 % anhaltend hoch. Aufgrund des Fehlens spezifischer klinischer Merkmale im Anfangsstadium der Krankheit wird sie häufig unterschätzt oder mit einem lokalen Infekt oder Abszess verwechselt. In 85–100 % der Fälle kommt es zu einer verspäteten Diagnose mit dem Verstreichen kostbarer Zeit.Das Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist es, die für die Diagnose relevanten klinischen und laborchemischen Parameter sowie die wesentlichen therapeutischen Schritte zusammenzufassen.
Infektionen an der Hand nach Bissverletzungen
Authors: Eichenauer Frank , Kim Simon , Hakimi Mohssen , Eisenschenk Andreas , Weber Stefan 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungVerletzungen durch Bisse sind häufig und stellen zusammen mit den resultierenden Komplikationen etwa 1–2 % aller Vorstellungen in Notfallambulanzen dar. In über 75 % sind die Hände betroffen. Im nordeuropäischen Raum werden Bissverletzungen vorrangig durch Hunde, Katzen und den Menschen verursacht. Aufgrund der vielfältigen und komplexen Kompartimente sowie der geringen Weichteildeckung funktionell relevanter Strukturen führen selbst kleinste und oberflächliche Bissverletzungen an der Hand zu Infektionen. Jede Bissverletzung der Hand kann in der Folge zu fulminanten Infektionen und selten gar tödlichen Verläufen führen. Bis zu 40 % aller Infektionen an der Hand gehen auf Bissverletzungen zurück.Das Erregerspektrum aus der Mundflora des Beißenden ist vielfältig und umfasst aerobe und anaerobe Bakterienstämme. Bissverletzungen stellen sowohl für den Verletzten als auch den behandelnden Arzt eine große Herausforderung dar. Die Rate an Komplikationen steigt nachweislich mit einer verzögerten medizinischen Konsultation, dem Mangel an medizinischer Sorgfalt und einer inadäquaten Wundversorgung. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit diskutieren wir die Arten und Komplikationen von Bissverletzungen, ihr potenzielles Infektionsrisiko, deren Erregerspektrum und Erscheinungsbild sowie deren effektive Therapie.
Osteitis/Osteomyelitis an Hand und Handgelenk
Authors: Lautenbach Martin , Tenbrock Arne , Bock Markus , Millrose Michael , Kim Simon , Eisenschenk Andreas 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Osteomyelitiden im Bereich von Handgelenk und Hand sind weniger häufig als die Knocheninfektionen der langen Röhrenknochen, aber nicht selten. Viele Fragen zur Klassifikation, Pathogenese, Diagnostik, zum Therapiemanagement sowie den erreichbaren Behandlungsergebnissen sind bisher nur wenig ausreichend wissenschaftlich kontrolliert. Die Pathogenese der Erkrankung kann in posttraumatische, postoperative, fortgeleitete und hämatogene Osteomyelitiden, unter Erfassung der patientenindividuellen Risiken, eingeteilt werden. Eine frühe Diagnose und eine adäquate Therapie sind notwendig, um die betroffenen knöchernen Strukturen sowie die Funktion der angrenzenden Gelenke zu erhalten. Ein mehrzeitiges operatives Vorgehen ist dabei häufig notwendig. Zufriedenstellende Raten der Infektionskontrolle und erfolgreiche knöcherne Rekonstruktionen können meist erreicht werden. Komplikationen, verbleibende Defizite und partielle Amputationen, auch bei angemessener Therapie der Osteomyelitiden, sind auf Grund der Schwere der Erkrankung aber nicht immer zu verhindern.
Versorgungsforschung mit pflanzlichen Arzneimitteln – Die pharmako-epidemiologische Datenbank PhytoVIS
Authors: Wegener Tankred , Nieber Karen , Kraft Karin , Siegmund Stefan , Kelber Olaf , Jobst Detmar , Steinhoff Barbara 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungPflanzliche Arzneimittel (Phytopharmaka) sind im Rahmen der apothekengestützten Selbstmedikation ein wichtiger Teil der eigenverantwortlichen Versorgung mit Arzneimitteln. Erkenntnisse zu Anwendungserfahrungen sowie zu Nutzen und Risiken können mit einer adäquaten Versorgungsforschung gewonnen werden. Gerade zu Risikogruppen wie Schwangere, Kinder und Patienten mit Begleiterkrankungen sind bisher nur wenige Anwendungsdaten vorhanden. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, hat die Kooperation Phytopharmaka zusammen mit dem Institut für Medizinische Statistik, Informatik und Epidemiologie am Universitätsklinikum Köln (IMSIE) die Datenbank PhytoVIS entwickelt. In einer ersten pharmako-epidemiologischen Phase wurden mit PhytoVIS produktübergreifend und indikationsbezogen Anwendungsdaten zu pflanzlichen Arzneimitteln von über 20 000 Patienten in Apotheken und Arztpraxen erfasst und so deren Wahrnehmung von Nutzen und Risiken der Selbstmedikation mit pflanzlichen Arzneimitteln dokumentiert.
Critical Congenital Heart Disease Detection in the Screening Era: Do Not Neglect the Examination!
Authors: Sankaran Deepika , Siefkes Heather , Ing Frank F. , Lakshminrusimha Satyan , Poulain Francis R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPulse oximetry oxygen saturation (SpO2)-based critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) screening is effective in detection of cyanotic heart lesions. We report a full-term male infant with normal perfusion who had passed the CCHD screening at approximately 24 hours after birth with preductal SpO2 of 99% and postductal SpO2 of 97%. Detection of a loud systolic cardiac murmur before discharge led to the diagnosis of pulmonary atresia (PA) with ventricular septal defect (PA-VSD) by echocardiogram. The infant was transferred to a tertiary care center after initiation of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) therapy. Throughout the initial course, he was breathing comfortably without respiratory distress or desaturations on pulse oximetry. We believe that this is the first documented report of PA missed by CCHD screening. Thorough and serial clinical examinations of the newborn infant proved vital in the timely diagnosis of this critical disease. We review the hemodynamics and the recent literature evaluating utility of CCHD screening in the diagnosis of PA-VSD. Pulse oximetry–based CCHD screening should be considered a tool to enhance CCHD detection with an emphasis on detailed serial physical examinations in newborn infants.
Neurotrauma Registry Implementation in Colombia: A Qualitative Assessment
Authors: Johnson Erica D. , Oak Sangki , Griswold Dylan P. , Olaya Sandra , Puyana Juan C. , Rubiano Andres M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objectives Latin America is among several regions of the world that lacks robust data on injuries due to neurotrauma. This research project sought to investigate a multi-institution brain injury registry in Colombia, South America, by conducting a qualitative study to identify factors affecting the creation and implementation of a multi-institution TBI registry in Colombia before the establishment of the current registry.

Methods Key informant interviews and participant observation identified barriers and facilitators to the creation of a TBI registry at three health care institutions in this upper-middle-income country in South America.

Results The study identified barriers to implementation involving incomplete clinical data, limited resources, lack of information and technology (IT) support, time constraints, and difficulties with ethical approval. These barriers mirrored similar results from other studies of registry implementation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Ease of use and integration of data collection into the clinical workflow, local support for the registry, personal motivation, and the potential future uses of the registry to improve care and guide research were identified as facilitators to implementation. Stakeholders identified local champions and support from the administration at each institution as essential to the success of the project.

Conclusion Barriers for implementation of a neurotrauma registry in Colombia include incomplete clinical data, limited resources and lack of IT support. Some factors for improving the implementation process include local support, personal motivation and potential uses of the registry data to improve care locally. Information from this study may help to guide future efforts to establish neurotrauma registries in Latin America and in LMICs.
Deep Cerebral Venous Thrombosis—A Clinicoradiological Study
Authors: Gogineni Sujana , Gupta Dhananjay , Pradeep R. , Mehta Anish , Javali Mahendra , Acharya Purshottam T. , Srinivasa Rangasetty 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStroke is a common neurological emergency. Almost 80% of strokes are due to arterial occlusion. Venous thrombosis comprises less than 1–2% of all strokes. Involvement of the deep cerebral venous system is still rare and accounts for about 10.9% of all cerebral venous thromboses (CVT). CVT diagnosis is often delayed or missed, because of its variable clinical manifestations. We retrospectively (2015–18) and prospectively (2018–20) reviewed all the cases of CVT in a tertiary care center in south India. Out of a total of 52 CVT cases, 12 were due to the involvement of deep cerebral venous system. Their clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and outcomes were assessed. The most frequent presentation was headache followed by seizures. Hyperhomocysteinemia was the most common risk factor noted. Imaging characteristics were variable, and a high index of suspicion was required for early diagnosis. All patients had favorable outcome in our study, and except one, all were treated conservatively.