bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal variability of pCO2 and CO2 emissions from the Dong River in south China
Authors: Liu Boyi , Tian Mingyang , Shih Kaimin , Chan Chun Ngai , Yang Xiankun , Ran Lishan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. CO2 efflux at the water–air interface is an essential
component of the riverine carbon cycle. However, the lack of spatially
resolved CO2 emission measurements prohibits reliable estimation of the
global riverine CO2 emissions. By deploying floating chambers, seasonal
changes in river water CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and CO2
emissions from the Dong River in south China were investigated. Spatial
and temporal patterns of pCO2 were mainly affected by terrestrial carbon
inputs (i.e., organic and inorganic carbon) and in-stream metabolism, both
of which varied due to different land cover, catchment topography, and
seasonality of precipitation and temperature. Temperature-normalized gas
transfer velocity (k600) in small rivers was 8.29 ± 11.29 and 4.90 ± 3.82 m d−1 for the wet season and dry season,
respectively, which was nearly 70 % higher than that of large rivers
(3.90 ± 5.55 m d−1 during the wet season and 2.25 ± 1.61 m d−1 during the dry season). A significant correlation was observed
between k600 and flow velocity but not wind speed regardless of river
size. Most of the surveyed rivers were a net CO2 source while exhibiting
substantial seasonal variations. The mean CO2 flux was 300.1 and 264.2 mmol m−2 d−1 during the wet season for large and small rivers,
respectively, 2-fold larger than that during the dry season. However, no
significant difference in CO2 flux was observed between small and large
rivers. The absence of commonly observed higher CO2 fluxes in small
rivers could be associated with the depletion effect caused by abundant and
consistent precipitation in this subtropical monsoon catchment.
Giant ice rings in southern Baikal: multi-satellite data help to study ice cover dynamics and eddies under ice
Authors: Kouraev Alexei V. , Zakharova Elena A. , Kostianoy Andrey G. , Shimaraev Mikhail N. , Desinov Lev V. , Petrov Evgeny A. , Hall Nicholas M. J. , Rémy Frédérique , Suknev Andrey Ya. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Ice cover on lakes is subject to atmospheric forcing from above and the influence of water dynamics and heat flux from below. One characteristic
example of these influences in some large lakes, such as Lake Baikal in Russia, are the giant ice rings and the associated eddies under the ice
cover. In April 2020 a giant ice ring appeared in southern Baikal, and a lens-like eddy was detected below the ice. We analysed the temporal changes
of ice cover using satellite images from multiple satellite missions – MODIS on Terra and Aqua, Sentinel-1 SAR, Sentinel 2 MSI, Landsat 8,
PlanetScope, satellite photography from the International Space Station, and radar altimetry data from Jason-3. Satellite imagery and meteorological
data show unusual temporal changes of ice colour in April 2020, which were explained by water infiltration into the ice followed by the competing
influences of cold air from above and the warm eddy below the ice. Tracking of ice floe displacement also makes it possible to estimate eddy
currents and their influence on the upper water layer. Multi-satellite data contribute to a better understanding of the development of ice cover in
the presence of eddies, the role of eddies in horizontal and vertical heat and mass exchange, and their impact on the chemistry and biology of the
lakes and on human activity.
musikalische Konfrontation der Ost- und Westkirche auf dem Konzil von Ferrara-Florenz (1438-1439)
Authors: Glowotz Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Das Konzil von Ferrara und Florenz stellt den bis heute letzten Versuch einer Einigung von westlicher und östlicher Christenheit dar. Sein Scheitern spiegelt sich auch in den verschiedenen Musiktraditionen wider - in einigen Berichten sind die musikalischen Aufführungen des Konzils gut belegt. Insbesondere die Mehrstimmigkeit und die Verwendung von Instrumenten im Gottesdienst erschienen den Vertretern der Ostkirche als Inbegriff des Heidnischen und wurden daher abgelehnt.
bms online (Oliver Schöner)
"as anti-war as possible"
Authors: Schaarwächter Jürgen 
Published: September 2021

Offenbar setzte sich Britten mehr mit der Trauer um die Opfer von Gewalt als mit aktivem Pazifismus auseinander. An die Stelle der Anklage von Tätern oder des Aufrufs zu Gewaltverzicht tritt die humanistische Erinnerung an das Leider der Opfer. Nur selten bezog er offensiv Position. Dennoch musste er ebenso wie sein Partner Peter Pears seit 1942 mit Repressionen rechnen. Vor allem im Requiem, in der Befassung mit dem Tod und mit den Toten konzentrierte Britten seinen Pazifismus, sein Ablehnen jeglicher Gewalt.
bms online (Autor; gekürzt)
Friedrich Blumes Entnazifizierungsverfahren
Authors: Custodis Michael 
Published: September 2021

Siehe dazu auch die Stellungnahme von Albrecht Dümling in: Die Musikforschung 2012, Heft 4, S. 389-390 (PPN 005082390) sowie die Replik des Autors in: Die Musikforschung 2012, Heft 4, S. 391-392.
Auf der Grundlage von Personal- und Entnazifizierungsakten zeichnet der Aufsatz nach, wie Friedrich Blume (1893-1975) während des Dritten Reiches dank linientreuer Publikationen und systemkonformer Verbandsarbeit an die Spitze der deutschen Musikwissenschaft aufsteigen konnte. Neben einer Mitgliedschaft im Kampfbund für Deutsche Kultur und der Mitwirkung an sogenannten grenzlandpolitischen Propagandaveranstaltungen der ideologisch besonders aktiven Universität Kiel betrifft dies vor allem seine öffentlichkeitswirksame Beschäftigung mit musikwissenschaftlicher Rasseforschung im Vorfeld seiner Beförderung zum verbeamteten Professor 1938. Behilflich war ihm dabei Herman-Walther Frey – der als Ministerialrat am Reichserziehungsministerium eine Vielzahl von Universitätsfächern betreute und die Musikwissenschaft massiv ausbaute –, dessen prominent besetztes Entnazifizierungsnetzwerk ebenfalls rekonstruiert werden konnte. Da Blume nach seiner reibungslosen Entnazifizierung von Kiel aus die Ausgestaltung seines Faches weiter vorantreiben konnte, gilt ein abschließender Blick den Konsequenzen seines Fallbeispiels für den Umgang der Musikwissenschaft mit ihrer eigenen Vergangenheit.
Bayreuther Festspiele - eine "jüdische Angelegenheit"?
Authors: Werr Sebastian 
Published: September 2021

Obwohl Hitler selbst bekanntermaßen Wagnerianer war und letzterer mit Unterstützung seiner Familie für die NS-Propaganda nutzbar gemacht worden ist, muss die Rolle Wagners und seiner Musik für die gesamte NS-Bewegung differenzierter untersucht werden, denn seine Person selbst, aber mehr noch seine Musikdramen boten auch Anlass zu Unverständnis und ideologischen Distanzierungen. Unterstützte Hitler selbst die auf Initiative Winifred Wagners erfolgte Gründung der Richard-Wagner-Forschungsstätte im Mai 1938, hielt jedoch sein Büroleiter, Reichsminister Hans Heinrich Lammers, dem die Stelle unterstellt wurde, die Unterstützung weitestgehend gering. Auch die Bayreuther Festspiele erfreuten sich nur geringer Beliebtheit unter den Funktionären, sodass Hitler für das Füllen des Auditoriums nicht selten selbst verantwortlich zeichnen musste. Ablehnende Tendenzen gipfelten im gezielten Streuen antiwagnerianischer Gerüchte innerhalb der Würzburger SS um eine vermeintlich jüdische Abstammung Richards selbst bzw. Cosimas. Nach Aufklärung dieser Vorfälle, welche Himmler persönlich anordnete, wurde Winifred Wagners Bitte nach einer Möglichkeit, seitens der Richard-Wagner-Forschungsstelle Zensur betreiben zu dürfen, von Hitler persönlich abgelehnt.
bms online (Sarah Grossert)
"Bilder des Nordens"
Authors: Braun Lucinde 
Published: September 2021

Die europäische Ausbreitung des Klavierzyklus "Die Jahreszeiten" wird anhand früher Nachdrucke (vor allem von Robert Forberg, Adolph Fürstner, Julien-Aimable Hamelle) nachgezeichnet und interpretiert. So lässt sich die frühe Rezeption von Čajkovskijs Klaviermusik ausleuchten, was wiederum einen Blick auf den Rezipientenkreis und Rezeptionsanlässe eröffnet, für die ein Zyklus wie die "Jahreszeiten" geschaffen wurde. In der zeitgenössischen Salonkultur lässt sich ein Bezugspunkt finden für Čajkovskijs regelmäßige Produktion an kleineren, leicht spielbaren Klavierstücken.
bms online (Cornelia Schöntube)
Europäische Kunstmusik in der Musikindustrie der USA am Beispiel des Gesangsschaffens von Frank Sinatra
Authors: Gubkina Natalia V. 
Published: September 2021

Das Gesamtschaffen von Sinatra bildet eine außerordentlich vielgestaltige, multikulturelle Erscheinung in der Geschichte des Jazz- und Pop-Gesangs. Sinatras Repertoire, das zwischen 1939 und 1993 aufgenommen wurde, schließt neben Musical-Songs, Jazz-Standards und Popmusik in vielfältiger Stilistik auch Werke der europäischen Kunstmusik ein, die er in verschiedenen Arrangements und in der ihm eigenen individuellen Gesangsmanier interpretierte. Die Songs, in denen er Werke und Elemente der europöischen Kunstmusik aufgreift, bilden eine wenig bekannte und bis heute meist unterschätzte Facette seines Oeuvres. Sinatras Klassik-Adaptionen symbolisieren einen allgemeinen Prozess des Einbauens des abendländischen musikalischen Erbes des 17. bis 19. Jahrhunderts in die amerikanische Kultur - eine neuartige Kultur mit Ambitionen für die Assimilation der europäischen und außereuropäischen Traditionen.
bms online (Cornelia Schöntube)
HİTİT VE ESKİ MISIR’DA TEKNOLOJİK BİR SİLAH: SAVAŞ ARABALARI
Authors: GÜR Yasin 
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada, savaş arabalarından ilk kez ne zaman yararlanıldığı, savaş arabalarının zamanla nasıl geliştirildiği, savaş arabası yapılırken hangi malzemeler kullanıldığı, yazılı ve görsel kanıtlardan yararlanılarak Hitit ve Eski Mısır krallığında savaş arabalarının nasıl ve kimler tarafından kullanıldığına dair bilgiler ele alınmaktadır. Savaş arabasına dair ilk görsel kanıtlar Sümerler tarafından yapılan Ur Standardı ve Akbabalar Steli üzerinde bulunmaktadır. Parmaklı tekerleğin kullanımına dair bulgular ise Güney Urallar ve Kuzey Kazakistan bölgesindeki mezar buluntularından gelmektedir. Anadolu’da Kültepe kazılarında bulunan silindir mühürlerin üzerinde savaş arabaları bulunmaktadır. Savaş arabalarının en önemli parçası olan atların, koşumlanmadan önce nasıl eğitimden geçirilmesi gerektiğini anlatan Kikkuli metni son derece önemli bir kaynaktır. Savaş arabalarının bakımı ve gideri çok olduğundan her kesimin sahip olabileceği bir silah olmamış, yalnızca soylu insanlar tarafından kullanılmıştır.
Hititler savaş arabalarını dışarıdan almış ve zamanla geliştirmişlerdir. Hitit savaş arabasının kullanımını içeren birincil kaynaklar bulunmaktadır. Hititler savaş arabalarını savaş meydanlarında kullanmış, komşu krallıklarla da yapılan anlaşmalarla da savaş arabası desteği almıştır. Hitit savaş arabaları altı parmaklı ve dikdörtgen şekilde yapılmıştır. Arabalara iki adet at koşumlanmıştır. Arabaların kabinleri hayvan derileri ile kaplanmış, iki veya üç kişiden oluşan asker grubu tarafından kullanılmıştır. Hitit tarihinde ilk defa savaş arabaları Anitta döneminde kullanılmıştır. Eski Mısır krallığına savaş arabaları Hiksosların istilası sonucu girmiştir. Mısırlılar, Hiksoslardan gördükleri savaş arabalarını benimsemiş ve geliştirmişlerdir. Mısır’da savaş arabaları ilk defa Kamose’nin krallığı döneminde kullanılmıştır. Mısır savaş arabalarından bahseden birçok yazılı ve görsel kanıt bulunmaktadır. Genellikle tapınak duvarları ve kral yıllıkları savaş arabalarından bahsetmektedir. Mısır savaş arabaları başlarda dört parmaklı daha sonra ise altı parmaklı yapılmıştır. Arabanın kabini hayvan derileri ile kaplanmıştır. Arabayı iki asker kullanmıştır. Savaş arabasına iki at koşumlandırılmıştır. Eski Mısırlılar araba yapımında kullanılacak olan ahşap türlerini genellikle dışarıdan ithal etmiştir.
Evaluation of cardiovascular risk in adult psychiatric outpatients in Qatar using two risk assessment tools
Authors: Al-Rawi Safa , Zolezzi Monica , Eltorki Yassin 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) experience premature death, likely due to increased rates of obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was conducted to estimate the CVD risk in a cohort of individuals with SMI receiving outpatient psychiatric services in Qatar and to assess contributory CVD risk factors.
Methods: This is a retrospective review of the electronic medical records of a cohort of outpatients with SMI attending a mental health clinic in Doha, Qatar. The CVD risk was estimated using two risk prediction tools: the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC) risk calculator and the World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) CVD risk prediction charts for the Eastern Mediterranean region. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the demographic and clinical data. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.
Results: Of the 346 eligible patients, 28% (n = 97) had obtainable data for the estimation of their CVD risk using both tools. Approximately one-third of the cohort (33%) were classified as high risk using the AHA/ACC risk calculator, and 13.3% were classified as intermediate to high risk using the WHO/ISH CVD risk prediction charts. Based on the AHA/ACC risk scores, among those with a high CVD risk, almost two-thirds had CVD modifiable risk factors (i.e., smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension). No statistically significant difference in the CVD risk estimates was observed among individuals with a body mass index of more or lower than 30 kg/m2 (p = 0.815).
Conclusion: Based on the AHA/ACC risk calculator, approximately one-third of the study cohort had high CVD risk estimates. The WHO/ISH CVD risk prediction charts appeared to underestimate CVD risk, particularly for those identified as high risk using the AHA/ACC risk calculator. A closer alliance between psychiatrists and primary healthcare professionals to control modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among patients with SMI is necessary.
Pengaruh Kekuatan Otot Lengan Pada Hasil Servis Bawah Bola Voli Ekstrakurikuler SMP Negeri 3 Bangkinang Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Nurjana Mita 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study. The purpose of this study was to determine The Effect of Arm Muscle Strength on Lower Service Outcomes of Ektracurricular Students at SMP Negeri 3 Bangkinang, Kampar Regency.
Materials and methods. The form of this research is a correlation study with the population of all extracurricular students of SMP Negeri 3 Bangkinang Kampar Regency with a total sample of 10 people. The sample in this study was obtained based on the total sampling technique used in this study, namely the arm muscle strength test and the lower service test result.
Results. The results of data analysis in this study obtained r count of 0.987 with a large contribution of 97.41%. This is classified as very good. From the research conducted, it can be concluded that there is an influence of arm muscle strength on the ability of the underserving students of extracurricular students of SMP Negeri 3 Bangkinang, Kampar Regency. Where obtained r arithmetic - 0.987 > r table = 0.632 with a contribution of 97.41%
Conclusions. Based on the data analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that this study has a the influence of arm muscle strength (X) on the bottom service result (Y) extracurricular students of SMPN 3 Bangkinang, Kampar Regency. Where r count 0.987 > r table 0.632, and there is a contribution of arm muscle strength to the results of lower serve volleyball for extracurricular students of SMPN 3 Bangkinang Kampar Regency of 97.41 % the remaining 2.583% is determined by other factors.
An Optimized Micropropagation Protocol by Ex Vitro Rooting of Pear Rootstock OHF 333 (Pyrus communis L.)
Authors: Dimitrova Nataliya , Nacheva Lilyana 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPear rootstock OHF 333 (Pyrus communisL.), which is included in the US ‘Old Home’ × ‘Farmingdale’ series, is characterized by good compatibility with most other varieties, high yields, and a moderate degree of resistance to fire blight. Micropropagation in vitro has shown promise for rapid, large-scale cloning of disease-free plant material throughout the year. However, pear shoots are often recalcitrant to rooting, and this process is highly genotype-dependent. This study aimed to improve the micropropagation protocol by ex vitro rooting of pear rootstock OHF 333 (Pyrus communisL. ‘Old Home’ × ‘Farmingdale’). Charkor, a new plant growth regulator of natural origin was used, which contains metabolism products of symbiotic fungus-endophytes of ginseng roots, as an alternative to synthetically produced plant growth regulators (PGRs). Microcuttings were obtained from in vitro cultured shoots and subjected to four different treatments for ex vitro rooting: 1 g L−11-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (as a powder), 0.5 mL L−1Charkor for 3 hr or 6 hr, or the same concentration of Charkor prepared as a powder. Microshoots dipped in sterile distilled water with no additional hormonal treatments served as controls. Cultures were kept in a growth chamber under a 16-hr photoperiod, with air humidity maintained close to 100% (above 96%) for 2 weeks and then gradually reduced to 60%. Data on final acclimatization rate (survival rate; %), mean number of roots per plant, stem and root length, mean number of leaves per plant, and final acclimatization rate were collected 90 days after transplanting to ex vitro conditions. All treatments induced a successful acclimatization rate of more than 31%. The highest survival rate (86%) and longest stems were achieved by treatment with 0.5 mL L−1Charkor for 6 hr. The greatest mean number of roots per plant, root length, and number of leaves was achieved in the variant treated with 1 g L−1powdered NAA.
Specialestuderendes læringsudfordringer i vejledningen - nudging som handlemulighed
Authors: Jensen Hanne Nexø , Jensen Christina Juul 
Published: September 2021

Specialeskrivere møder læringsudfordringer i skriveprocessen. Hvilke læringsudfordringer, det er, og hvordan studerende og vejledere hånd-terer dem, er artiklens fokus. Empirien er videooptagede vejlednings-møder, hvor der er minimum to optagelser for hver vejleder og stude-rendes forløb. Det teoretiske afsæt er generiske læringsudfordringer i vejledningsprocesser, hvor læring opstår, når de studerende passerer en læringsudfordring. Vejledere kan bruge forståelsen af læringsudfor-dringer til at ”nudge”- plante en idé – som en måde at få studerende til at passere læringsudfordringerne. MA students writing up their final theses encounter a variety of conceptual thresholds during the process. The focus of this article is the identification of different kinds of conceptual threshold, and how the students overcome these obstacles. Video recordings of student supervision meetings provide the data for the analysis. For each supervisor – supervisee at least two recordings are considered. We go on to discuss how supervisors can make use of a conceptual thresholds approach, and nudge students in ways that will help them move on more easily.
Situationspraktik – mellem universitet og praksis
Authors: Skøtt Bo , Troelsen Rie 
Published: September 2021

Denne artikel omhandler et forsøg med integration af praksis i undervisningen, som har til formål, 1) at give de studerende en fornemmelse for, hvordan fagene på uddannelsen har relevans for arbejdet i praksis, og 2) at kvalificere de studerende til mødet med praksis. Derfor inddrages især Etienne Wenger og Jean Laves teorier om ’praksisfællesskaber’ med fokus på ’situeret læring’ i overvejelserne over og planlægning af forsøget. Forsøget betegnes Situationspraktik og organiseres ud fra tre overordnede aktiviteter: asynkrone studieaktiviteter (litteraturstudier, planlægning og forberedelse af delarrangementer), klassisk konfrontationsundervisning (teori- analyse og metodepræsentation) og som et arrangement, hvor resultaterne af disse aktiviteter omsættes i praksis. I forsøget deltager 12 studerende, der alle går på 4. semester.
Situationspraktikken resulterer for underviser i erfaringer med, hvilke pædagogiske muligheder og udfordringer der er med at facilitere læringsfællesskaber de studerende imellem og med inddragelse af eksterne stakeholders.

This article sets out to describe an attempt to increase students’ understanding of professional practice. 'Situational internship', as the activity is termed, aims to provide students with experience of practice in their chosen field as part of their qualification. Etienne Wenger and Jean Laves’ theories on 'communities of practice' and 'situated learning' are used when considering and planning suitable learning activities.
The study is organized as three main activities: asynchronic student activities (literature studies, planning and preparation of sub arrangements), teacher initiated activities (introduction of theories, analysis and methods) and the implementation of an event.
Situational internship provides many interesting experiences, both for students and teacher, especially the opportunities and challenges of creating a learning community between students and teachers, and also between students and external stakeholders. The ambition to change the students' preconceptions of practice, and the teacher in the role of facilitator are thematized in the article.
Eksempel, eksemplaritet, erfaring
Authors: Nørgaard Palle , Hultberg Magnus 
Published: September 2021

Hvis det autentiske handler om den studerendes oplevelse af læringens relevans og læringens stræben efter den nære forbindelse til virkeligheden, så kan faget ”Frivilligledelse i praksis”, som Serviceøkonomuddannelsen på Erhvervsakademi Aarhus har udviklet og gennemfører i samarbejde med musikeventen NorthSide, måske tjene til inspiration. Artiklen er et forsøg på at gøre opmærksom på væsentlige aspekter i deltagelsens dimension, der hvor den studerende ikke blot performer men eksperimenterer med nye udgaver af sig selv. Artiklen beskriver derfor, hvordan vi arbejder med længerevarende fastholdelse af den studerende, med scenarieøvelser og transfer i praksisfællesskaber, og hvordan vi forsøger at understøtte udvikling af en faglig identitet hos den studerende. Autenticitet – forstået som en værdi i den lærende oplevelse – lægges frem i en firedimensionel optik, hvor vi argumenterer for at indtænke en iterativ dimension i læring for at understøtte transfer mellem praksiserfaring og identitetsdannelse hos den, som lærer.