bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Triglyceride with Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Pre-Diabetic Chronic Stable Angina Patients
Authors: Tolba Mahmoud Mohammed , Khalfallah Mohamed , Khalel Sameh Samir , Kassem Hanan Kamel 
Published: November 2021

Background: Individuals with prediabetes have multiple disturbances in lipoprotein metabolism resulting from multiple combinations of insulin deficiency, insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Dyslipidemia is the commonest complication of prediabetes and diabetes, and it predispose to premature atherosclerosis causing cardiovascular complication. The aim of this study was to assess correlation of triglyceride (TG) with coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in pre-diabetic chronic stable angina patients.
Methods: Our cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 100 pre-diabetic patients (HbA1c 5.7% to 6.4%) with different levels of TG and stable CAD, referred to Tanta university hospitals. Each patient had been subjected to adequate history taking, complete clinical examination and laboratory investigations and electrocardiogram with transthoracic echocardiography. SYNTAX score was calculated.
Results: There were significant positive correlations between TG and LDL, ratio and TLC respectively while there was a significant negative correlation between TG and HDL. There was significant positive correlation between SYNTAX and LDL, ratio and urea respectively while there was high significant negative correlation between TG and HDL. TG level was significantly higher in male than female (p= 0.028). There was no significant difference in SYNTAX regarding gender. For the multivariate analysis, only LDL was a significant independent predictor for CAD.
Conclusions: There was a positive correlation between the TG and the severity of coronary lesions in pre-diabetic stable angina pectoris patients.
Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Various Compost Cultures on Composting of Farm Wastes
Authors: Preethu D. C. , Savita S. M. , Dinesha M. S. , Prasad B. S. Rajendra , Kulkarni Lata R. 
Published: November 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of various microbial compost cultures for aerobic-composting of farm wastes.
Place of Study: Three trials were conducted on farmer’s field and one at Krishi Vigyana Kendra (KVK) Ramanagara district.
Methodology: During the composting process, days to compost, maturity in terms of changes in temperature, pH and composting dynamics were studied. Compost quality parameters such as macro and micro-nutrients and C:N ratio and stability of the compost were recorded at different intervals.
Results: The results showed that the compost culture from IIHR and UASB had taken 90 and 105 days respectively, for complete stabilization; further had relatively higher temperature and pH during the initial phase and reached ambient condition at maturity stage, C:N ratio has showed gradual reduction from 39.65 to 15.98 and 39.75 to 13.66% respectively in IIHR and UASB cultures, they also had high macro, secondary and micro nutrients(IIHR-1.55% N, 0.93% P, 0.95% K, 4.39% Ca, 0.69% Mg, 0.19%S, 930 ppm Fe, 10ppm Cu, 305ppm Mn, 82ppm Zn, 26 ppm B UASB-1.59% N, 0.91% P, 0.97% K, 4.25%Ca, 0.88% Mg, 0.21%S, 948 ppm Fe, 9ppm Cu, 325ppm Mn, 93ppm Zn, 28ppm B) content and resulted in more compost production ( 3.3 and 2.8 t/year, respectively) with B:C ratio of 6.67 and 7.25 respectively when compared to NCOF (T3) and farmers practice (T4).
Conclusion: Aerobic-composting of farm waste using microbial culture of UASB and IIHR proved to be an effective technology that aids to convert organic farm waste into valuable organic manure with an advantage of minimizing the environmental contamination associated with burning of residues.
Effect of Chlormequat Chloride on Vegetative Growth, Photosynthetic Activities, and its Residual Dissipation in Thompson Seedless Grapevines
Authors: Ramteke S. D. , Bhagwat S. R. , Khalate S. M. , Gavali A. H. , Kalbhor J. N. , Shelake T. S. , Langote A. R. 
Published: November 2021

Chlormequat chloride is one of the important plant growth regulators which is a highly stable gibberellins biosynthesis inhibitor used to inhibit vegetative growth and cell elongation. Considering the importance of plant growth inhibitors, the present investigation was carried out to understand the effect of Chlormequat chloride with its different concentrations on vegetative growth, photosynthetic activities and its residual dissipation in Grapevines at two different locations one at Pune, Maharashtra India and second at Nashik, Maharashtra, India during the year 2018-2019. Chlormequat chloride was applied as a foliar spray, where the whole vines were sprayed at concentration of 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 ppm with untreated control as a water spray; as a treatments with different developmental stages Viz 5th, 7th, and 15th leaf stage after foundation pruning. Morphological observations were recorded at 45 days and 90 days after foundation as well as fruit pruning. Application of Chlormequat chloride recorded reduced shoot length and Internodal distance while increased in cane diameters, leaf thickness after both the pruning’s in this investigation Photosynthetic activity, yield per vines and percent fruitfulness had significantly influenced with the application of Chlormequat chloride in grapevines. The dissipation of Chlormequat chloride was stable and indicated a non- linear pattern of degradation. Thus, implied that simple first-order kinetics might not be adequate to explain the dissipation behaviour of Chlormequat chloride in grapes.
Influence of Accelerated Aged Seed on Seed Quality Parameters of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Sai Reddy M. Linga Swami , Naik V. Saida , Kumari Sujatha , Naga Lakshmi C. H. Siva 
Published: November 2021

Availability of good quality seed at the time of planting is most important factor for successful production of any crop. This is because, good quality seed not only ensure proper emergence but rapid establishment of seedling in the field that enhance the seed yield.
There are various factors such as temperature and moisture content which affect the quality of seed. Use of stored seed for sowing purposes results in poor yield due to physiological and biochemical changes during ageing.
Deterioration of seed quality during ageing is a natural phenomenon. This is caused by alterations in various physiological viz. seed germination, seedling length, seed vigor and biochemical parameters such as seed leachate, seed viability and dehydrogenase activity. Changes in these parameters adversely affect seed yield and related characters.
The present investigation on “Impact of accelerated ageing on the seed quality and yield contributing characters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties” was conducted at Seed Testing laboratory and research block of seed science and technology, BFIT, Department of Agriculture
Uttara Khand during 2019-20. For this purpose four varieties of wheat viz. VL-802, VL-829, VL-892 and UP-1109 were subjected to accelerated ageing at 450 C and 100 % relative humidity for 15, 30 and 45 days along with control. The experiment was laid out in CRD with three replications of each treatment.
Under the laboratory conditions, every treatment showed significant difference for seed quality parameters after accelerated ageing. Variety VL-892 had more capability to maintain the seed quality attributes after 15, 30 and 45 days of accelerated ageing period as considered being good storer under ambient condition. Whereas VL-829 and UP-1109 showed potential for medium-term storage and VL-802 variety had poor storing potential based on the seed quality and yield parameters.
Oral Findings in Patients with COVID-19 Infection: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Rai Arpita , Kumar Ansul , Rana Apoorv , Singh Shradha , Sybil Deborah 
Published: November 2021

Few reports have been published highlighting oral findings in COVID-19 patients. Since the outbreak of the recent pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, it is important to illustrate in the very near future how recurrent these oral findings are in the symptomatic COVID-19 patients in contrast to those asymptomatic ones, as there are multiple findings reported. This case study reports a new combination of oral findings in two COVID-19 patients from India, one symptomatic, and other asymptomatic. Cases presenting oral findings in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients are the rarest. Moreover, till now, petechial or purpuric lesions, solely as theoral findings without any associated skin lesions and oral mucosal hyperpigmentation of our patients are the rare oral findings to be reported in COVID-19 patients. These cases provide evidence for a deeper understanding of the oral alterations seen in COVID-19 patients that need to be addressed at present.
Circular Rims2 Deficiency Causes Retinal Degeneration
Authors: Sun Lan‐Fang , Ma Yue , Ji Yang‐Yang , Wu Zhen , Wang Ya‐Han , Mou Hao , Jin Zi‐Bing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) refer to a newly recognized family of non‐coding RNA with single‐stranded RNAs. Despite emerging evidence indicating that circRNAs are abundantly expressed in various tissues, especially in the brain and retina, the role of circRNAs in retinal function and diseases is still largely unknown. Circular Rims2 (circRims2) is highly expressed and conserved in both the human and mouse brains. However, little is known about the expression and function of circRims2 in the retina. In the current study, the high‐throughput RNA‐seq analysis reveals a high expression of circRims2 in the retina. In addition, it is found that circRims2 is mainly located in plexiform layers that contain synapses between retinal neurons. Knocking down circRims2 with short hairpin RNA through subretinal adeno‐associated viral (AAV) delivery in the mice leads to the decrease of the thickness of the outer and inner segment (OS/IS) layers and outer nuclear layer (ONL), and cessation of scotopic and photopic electroretinogram responses. Furthermore, the current study finds that circRims2 deficiency evokes retinal inflammation and activates the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. Therefore, circRims2 may play an important role in the maintenance of retinal structure and function, and circRims2 deficiency may lead to pathogenic changes in the retina.
Rear Interface Engineering to Suppress Migration of Iodide Ions for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with Minimized Hysteresis
Authors: Xiong Qiu , Wang Can , Zhou Qin , Wang Luyao , Wang Xiaobing , Yang Longkai , Ding Jiaxin , Chen Chun‐chao , Wu Jihuai , Li Xin , Gao Peng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAccurate interface engineering can effectively inhibit iodide ion migration, thereby improving the stability and photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PvSCs). The time‐of‐flight secondary‐ion mass spectrometry reveals that in an aged n–i–p‐type PvSC, the iodide ions will move toward the rear side and enter the FTO cathode. In this regard, the authors describe a simple thermal evaporation strategy for introducing an NdCl3 interface layer (NdCl3‐IL) at the rear interface of perovskites to interdict the iodine ion migration pathway, leading to reduced trap densities throughout the whole perovskite region. As a result, a boosted open‐circuit voltage (VOC) is achieved, resulting in power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 22.16% with negligible hysteresis. The NdCl3‐IL also enhances the device stability, maintaining 83% of initial PCE after the maximum‐power‐point tracking test for 100 h. More encouragingly, a certified PCE of 21.68% is demonstrated on a large‐area (1 cm2) device with combined 2D/3D passivation strategies.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes by Floating Catalyst Chemical Vapor Deposition and Their Applications
Authors: Hou Peng‐Xiang , Zhang Feng , Zhang Lili , Liu Chang , Cheng Hui‐Ming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFloating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) has been one of the most important techniques for the synthesis of high‐quality single‐, double‐, and multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The method is characterized of simple processing, good controllability, and desirable scalability. The bulk morphologies of the synthesized CNTs can be sponge‐like, an array, a thin film, or fiber by simply changing the growth parameters and the way they are collected, which facilitates a wide range of applications. The authors comprehensively review the state‐of‐the‐art progress on the controlled growth of CNTs by FCCVD which have a defined number of walls, and controlled diameter, bundle size, and type of conductivity. The properties and possible applications for the CNTs and their hybrids are summarized. Finally, insights into the key challenges and prospects for CNTs synthesized by FCCVD are discussed.
Advanced Characterization Techniques Paving the Way for Commercialization of Low‐Cost Prussian Blue Analog Cathodes
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Hao , Peng Jian , Lai Wei‐Hong , Gao Yun , Zhang Hang , Li Li , Qiao Yun , Chou Shu‐Lei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrussian blue analogs (PBAs), as promising cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), have received extensive research interest due to their appealing characteristics, e.g., the low cost of their raw materials, easy manufacturing, open frameworks, and high theoretical specific capacity. There are some challenges for PBAs cathodes, however, hindering their performance output, making them currently unacceptable for practical applications. To improve the performance and cycling stability of PBAs, a clear in‐depth understanding of the relationship of their electrochemical reaction process to their ion insertion/extraction mechanisms and structural evolution is extremely important. Nowadays, advanced characterization techniques have become an important tool to guide the construction of high‐performance PBAs cathodes. In this review, the various advances by using advanced characterization techniques to reveal the reaction mechanisms for PBAs cathodes are summarized and discussed. By appreciating how the advanced characterization techniques to guide fabrication of high‐performance PBAs or reveal their detailed reaction mechanisms, it is hoped that this review can assist readers to find more valuable and advanced technologies to help to resolve some key problems and enhance their performance so as to accelerate the practical application of PBAs cathode for SIBs.
Air Sensitivity and Degradation Evolution of Halide Solid State Electrolytes upon Exposure
Authors: Wang Shuhao , Xu Xiaowei , Cui Can , Zeng Cheng , Liang Jianing , Fu Jinzhou , Zhang Ruiwang , Zhai Tianyou , Li Huiqiao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHalide solid state electrolytes (SSEs) have attracted the attention of researchers as a new family of SSEs due to simple synthesis, high ionic conductivity, and good softness. However, until now, most of the reported works are focused on promotion of ionic conductivity, and little attention is paid to their air stability and degradation mechanism upon exposure. Herein, the degradation evolution of typical halide SSEs upon moisture is investigated in detail. It is found both Li3InCl6 and Li3YCl6 halide SSEs are easy to absorb water and deteriorate, and the air sensitivity is closely related to the contact area with air. In comparison, the water absorption rate of Li3InCl6 is faster than that of Li3YCl6, while the amount of water absorption of Li3YCl6 is larger than that of Li3InCl6, due to the higher solubility of InCl3 compared to YCl3. Along with water absorption, Li3InCl6 first forms a crystalline hydrate, then partially decomposes to InCl3 and LiCl, and InCl3 further hydrolyzes and produces acid which is corrosive; finally In2O3 impurities are formed. Coating the surface of Li3InCl6 with Al2O3 can effectively improve the air stability. This work can help to understand the degradation mechanism of halide SSEs and provide guidance for the future design of new halide SSEs.
Engineered Bacteria Enhance Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy through Stromal Remodeling of Tumors
Authors: Thomas Shindu C. , Madaan Tushar , Kamble Nitin S. , Siddiqui Nabil A. , Pauletti Giovanni M. , Kotagiri Nalinikanth 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDesmoplastic solid tumors are characterized by the rapid build‐up of extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules, such as hyaluronic acid (HA). The resulting physiological barrier prevents the infiltration of immune cells and also impedes the delivery of anticancer agents. The development of a hypervesiculating Escherichia coli Nissle (ΔECHy) based tumor targeting bacterial system capable of distributing a fusion peptide, cytolysin A (ClyA)‐hyaluronidase (Hy) via outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) is reported. The capability of targeting hypoxic tumors, manufacturing recombinant proteins in situ and the added advantage of an on‐site OMV based distribution system makes the engineered bacterial vector a unique candidate for peptide delivery. The HA degrading potential of Hy for stromal modulation is combined with the cytolytic activity of ClyA followed by testing it within syngeneic cancer models. ΔECHy is combined with immune checkpoint antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to demonstrate that remodeling the tumor stroma results in the improvement of immunotherapy outcomes and enhancing the efficacy of biological signaling inhibitors. The biocompatibility of ΔECHy is also investigated to show that the engineered bacteria are effectively cleared, elicit minimal inflammatory and immune responses, and therefore could be a reliable candidate as a live biotherapeutic.
Natural Acidic Polysaccharide‐Based Memristors for Transient Electronics: Highly Controllable Quantized Conductance for Integrated Memory and Nonvolatile Logic Applications
Authors: Zhao Xiaoning , Xu Jiaqi , Xie Dan , Wang Zhongqiang , Xu Haiyang , Lin Ya , Hu Junli , Liu Yichun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAs a leading candidate for further memory and computing applications, memristors are being developed in an important direction of transient electronics. Herein, wafer‐scale acidic polysaccharide thin films are reported as promising materials for memristors with remarkable transient characteristics. The memristor shows freestanding and lightweight features, and can be fully dissolved in deionized water within 3.5 s. More importantly, the ion‐confinement capability of acidic polysaccharides where the cations can interact with the ionizable acid groups enables atomic manipulation of conductive filament. As a result, (i) a single device can produce 16 highly controllable and independent quantized conductance (QC) states with quasi‐nonvolatile and nonvolatile characteristics and (ii) QC switching can be performed with ultrafast speed (2–5 ns) and low energy consumption (0.6–16 pJ). These remarkable features make the memristor promising for fast, low‐power, and high‐density memory and computing applications. Based on QC switching, the encoding/decoding and nonvolatile basic Boolean logic are designed and implemented. More importantly, “stateful” material implication logic which is promising for future in‐memory computing is demonstrated with QC switching. These results significantly advance acidic polysaccharides to develop nanodevices with quantum effects.
Robotic Manipulation under Harsh Conditions Using Self‐Healing Silk‐Based Iontronics
Authors: Liu Mengwei , Zhang Yujia , Zhang Yanghong , Zhou Zhitao , Qin Nan , Tao Tiger H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractProgress toward intelligent human–robotic interactions requires monitoring sensors that are mechanically flexible, facile to implement, and able to harness recognition capability under harsh environments. Conventional sensing methods have been divided for human‐side collection or robot‐side feedback and are not designed with these criteria in mind. However, the iontronic polymer is an example of a general method that operates properly on both human skin (commonly known as skin electronics or iontronics) and the machine/robotic surface. Here, a unique iontronic composite (silk protein/glycerol/Ca(II) ion) and supportive molecular mechanism are developed to simultaneously achieve high conductivity (around 6 kΩ at 50 kHz), self‐healing (within minutes), strong stretchability (around 1000%), high strain sensitivity and transparency, and universal adhesiveness across a broad working temperature range (−40–120 °C). Those merits facilitate the development of iontronic sensing and the implementation of damage‐resilient robotic manipulation. Combined with a machine learning algorithm and specified data collection methods, the system is able to classify 1024 types of human and robot hand gestures under challenging scenarios and to offer excellent object recognition with an accuracy of 99.7%.
Volatility Transition from Short‐Term to Long‐Term Photonic Transistor Memory by Using Smectic Liquid Crystalline Molecules as a Floating Gate
Authors: Li Guan‐Syuan , Hung Chih‐Chien , Chiang Yun‐Chi , Lin Yan‐Cheng , Yang Yun‐Fang , Yang Wei‐Chen , Yen Hao‐Chi , Chen Chun‐Kai , Hsu Li‐Che , Chen Wen‐Chang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRod‐like molecules with liquid crystalline phase transitions show highly ordered stacking and orientation, which is promising as the floating gate electret in high‐performance photonic field‐effect transistor (FET) memory. In this work, a series of rod‐like molecules, alkyl‐dinaphtho[2,3‐b:2′,3′‐f]thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (Cn‐DNTT), are investigated with a smectic liquid crystalline phase transition. The photonic FET memory featuring these rod‐like molecules is correlated with their morphology and crystallographic properties. A volatility transition from short−term to long−term memory behavior is found by utilizing the smectic liquid crystalline phase transitions (SmX, X = H, K, E) to orient the stacking in the floating gate. Accordingly, the annealed 2,9‐didecyldinaphtho[2,3‐b:2′,3′‐f]thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (C10‐DNTT) polycrystalline film with the optimized alkyl chain length achieved preferential end‐on orientation associated with the herringbone‐type stacking to store charges during photowriting, along with effective charge tunneling for the trapped charges during electrical erasing. Therefore, the resultant photonic FET memory provided a superior ON/OFF current ratio of up to 105 with retention of 104 after 104 s. The results demonstrate that rod‐like molecules with smectic liquid crystalline phase and highly ordered orientation have great potentials for developing high‐performance photonic FET memory.
Mass transfer behavior of methane in porous carbon materials
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Chen Jingjing , Li Licheng , Huang Liangliang , Lu Xiaohua , Zuo Songlin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe low mass transfer rate in porous materials hinders the use of adsorbed natural gas as vehicle fuel. Fundamentally, the mass transfer rate depends on the structures of the adsorbents and the operating conditions. Therefore, in this study, the effects of adsorbent (activated carbons) structure and operating conditions on the mass transfer rate of methane (main component of natural gas) were investigated quantitatively, providing a theoretical basis for the synthesis of efficient adsorbent materials. By performing Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations and utilizing a nonequilibrium thermodynamic linearization transfer model, the mass transfer behavior of methane in porous carbon materials was quantitatively evaluated, specifically focusing on the material structure, operating conditions, and feasibility of using natural gas as vehicle fuel. The proposed linear nonequilibrium thermodynamic mass transfer model is applicable to interfacial gas species and provides a valuable tool for gas separation.