bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of adolescent and youth-friendly health services in Dehana district public health facilities, northeast Ethiopia: Using the Donabedian quality framework
Authors: Gebrie Muluye , Asrade Geta , Tsehay Chalie Tadie , Yazachew Lake , Dellie Endalkachew 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
Adolescents and youths who need exceptional healthcare are the shapers and leaders of our global future. However, many of them are died prematurely, while others suffer from diseases partly because of the poor quality of health services. Thus, this study aimed to assess the quality of Adolescent and Youth-friendly Health Services (AYFHS) and associated factors in the public health facilities of Dehana district, Northeast Ethiopia.

Methods
A facility-based quantitative cross-sectional study supported with a qualitative component was conducted from February 24 to March 30, 2020. The quality of AYFHS was measured using the Donbidean framework (structure, process and output component). Accordingly, a total of 431 adolescents and youths, five health facilities, twenty-five client-provider interaction observations, and nine key informant interviews were conducted. Binary logistic regression analysis was done, and variables with a p-value of < 0.05 and Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with its 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were used to measure the association. The qualitative data were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Then, Open Code 4.03 software was used to manage and analyze the data.

Results
The quality of adolescent and youth-friendly health services was 58.8, 46.4, and 47.2% for structural, process, and output quality dimensions, respectively. The predictor variables for output quality were, being a student (AOR: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.07–3.40), farmers (AOR: 2.59, 95%CI: 1.25–5.39), own income sources (AOR: 1.99, 95%CI: 1.03–3.85), exempted services (AOR: 2.30, 95%CI: 1.43–3.71) and long waiting time (AOR: 3.8495%CI: 1.80–8.23).

Conclusions
The overall quality of adolescent and youth-friendly health services was still lower than the WHO good quality standards. The structural quality dimension was affected by the unavailability of adequate and trained health service providers, poor engagement of adolescents and youths in the facility governance structure, unavailability of guidelines, protocols and procedures. In contrast, the process quality dimension was also compromised due to the provider’s poor compliance with the national AYFHS guidelines. Therefore, health facilities need to engage adolescents and youths in the health facility governance structure, and providers should comply with the national guideline.
The importance of formal versus informal mindfulness practice for enhancing psychological wellbeing and study engagement in a medical student cohort with a 5-week mindfulness-based lifestyle program
Authors: Kakoschke Naomi , Hassed Craig , Chambers Richard , Lee Kevin 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Medical students commonly experience elevated psychological stress and poor mental health. To improve psychological wellbeing, a 5-week mindfulness-based lifestyle course was delivered to a first-year undergraduate medical student cohort as part of the core curriculum. This study investigated the effects of the program on mental health, perceived stress, study engagement, dispositional mindfulness, and whether any improvements were related to amount of formal and/or informal mindfulness practice.

Methods
Participants were first year undergraduate medical students (N = 310, 60% female, M = 18.60 years) with N = 205 individuals completing pre and post course questionnaires in a 5-week mindfulness-based lifestyle intervention. At pre- and post-intervention, participants completed the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Students, the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory, and the Mindfulness Adherence Questionnaire.

Results
Mental health, perceived stress, study engagement, and mindfulness all improved from pre- to post-intervention (all p values < .001). Improvements on these outcome measures were inter-related such that PSS change scores were negatively correlated with all other change scores, FMI change scores were positively correlated with MHC-SF and UWES-S change scores, the latter of which was positively correlated with MHC-SF change scores (all p values < .01). Finally, observed improvements in all of these outcomes were positively related to informal practice quality while improved FMI scores were related to formal practice (all p values < .05).

Conclusions
A 5-week mindfulness-based program correlates with improving psychological wellbeing and study engagement in medical students. These improvements particularly occur when students engage in informal mindfulness practice compared to formal practice.
Well-Posedness and Uniform Decay Rates for a Nonlinear Damped Schrödinger-Type Equation
Authors: Cavalcanti Marcelo M. , Domingos Cavalcanti Valéria N. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper we study the existence as well as uniform decay rates of the energy associated with the nonlinear damped Schrödinger equation,

i
⁢

u
t

+

Δ
⁢
u

+

|
u
|

α

⁢
u

-

g
⁢

(

u
t

)

=

0

in
⁢
Ω

×

(
0
,
∞
)

,

iu_{t}+\Delta u+|u|^{\alpha}u-g(u_{t})=0\quad\text{in }\Omega\times(0,\infty),

subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions, where

Ω
⊂

ℝ
n

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}}

,

n
≤
3

{n\leq 3}

, is a bounded domain with smooth boundary

∂
⁡
Ω

=
Γ

{\partial\Omega=\Gamma}

and

α
=

2
,
3

{\alpha=2,3}

. Our goal is to consider a different approach than the one used in [B. Dehman, P. Gérard and G. Lebeau, Stabilization and control for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on a compact surface, Math. Z. 254 2006, 4, 729–749], so instead than using the properties of pseudo-differential operators introduced by cited authors, we consider a nonlinear damping, so that we remark that no growth assumptions on

g
⁢

(
z
)

{g(z)}

are made near the origin.
Nations in A Showcase: A Comparative Perspective on the Italian National Jubilee (1961) and the Meiji Centennial (1968)
Authors: Lanna Noemi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In 1961, Italy celebrated the hundredth anniversary of its unification. A wide range of initiatives commemorated the centennial, highlighting the glorious deeds of the Risorgimento and their long-term, positive legacy. Seven years later, Japan embarked on a similar task with the celebration of the hundredth anniversary of the Meiji Restoration (1868). Like the Italian National Jubilee, the Japanese one praised the country’s achievements, presenting Meiji Restoration as a successful transformation unmatched in world history. Although there is literature about the Italian and Japanese centennials, there has been no attempt to comparatively analyse them. Yet, the two jubilees reveal interesting similarities that deserve further attention. In both cases, the official commemorative agenda proposed a self-congratulatory narrative linking the ideal starting point of modernization – Risorgimento/Meiji Restoration – to the arrival point, namely the economic “miracles” that the two countries were experiencing. Both in Italy and in Japan, the anniversaries posed crucial questions concerning the historical assessment of the totalitarian regimes. Finally, in both cases the celebrations were the subject of intense domestic debates. Through an investigation of carefully selected first-hand sources in Italian and Japanese, the paper will make a comparative analysis of the Italian National Jubilee and the Meiji Centennial in order to gain theoretical insights on the way the parties in power used history to build national identity.
Are Temporary or Permanent Income Payments Better Placed to Boost Demand during Covid-19?
Authors: Prabhakar Rajiv 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Covid-19 has sparked calls for a universal basic income as a way of coping with a demand shock caused by the pandemic. Temporary income payments have been part of the emergency response to the pandemic. This paper questions the effectiveness of temporary payments as a way to raise demand. Some observers claim that vouchers are better targeted at sectors hit hard by Covid-19 as people may have a tendency to save than spend from temporary payments. There may be a stronger case for permanent rather than temporary payments if the aim is to boost demand in the economy.
Emotions in climate change communication: An experimental investigation
Authors: Arikan Gizem , Melek Gizem , Gunay Defne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe conducted an experiment to test whether altering the saliency of information provided by experts in fictitious news stories on climate change triggered different emotions among readers. Based on appraisal theories of emotions in the psychology literature, we hypothesized that 1) news stories that presented climate change related threats as diffuse and uncertain would elicit greater levels of anxiety, while 2) stories that provided a specific target to blame would induce greater anger, and 3) those that underlined the potential of technology and human efforts to solve climate change related issues would elicit greater levels of hope. We found that while all news stories concerning climate change elicited high levels of anxiety, there were statistically significant differences between the emotions expressed by participations in the expected directions. We discuss the potential implications of these findings for climate change communication and for public opinion on climate change.
Linear Fractional Galton–Watson Processes in Random Environment and Perpetuities
Authors: Alsmeyer Gerold 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Linear fractional Galton–Watson branching processes in i.i.d. random environment are, on the quenched level, intimately connected to random difference equations by the evolution of the random parameters of their linear fractional marginals.
On the other hand, any random difference equation defines an autoregressive Markov chain (a random affine recursion) which can be positive recurrent, null recurrent and transient and which, as the forward iterations of an iterated function system, has an a.s. convergent counterpart in the positive recurrent case given by the corresponding backward iterations.
The present expository article aims to provide an explicit view at how these aspects of random difference equations and their stationary limits, called perpetuities, enter into the results and the analysis, especially in quenched regime.
Although most of the results presented here are known, we hope that the offered perspective will be welcomed by some readers.
Ground plane and selective buried oxide based planar junctionless transistor
Authors: Murshid Asim M. , Bashir Faisal 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate a ground plane (GP) based Selective Buried Oxide (SELBOX) Junctionless Transistor (JLT), named as GP-SELBOX-JLT. The use of GP and SELBOX in the proposed device reduces the electric field and enhances volume depletion in the channel, hence improvesION/IOFFratio and scalability. Using calibrated 2-D simulation, we have shown that proposed device exhibits better Short Channel Effect (SHE) immunity as compared to SOI-JLT. Therefore, the proposed GP-SELBOX-JLT can be scaled without degrading the performance in sub 20 nm regime. In addition, the ac study has shown that the cutoff frequency (fT) of GP-SELBOX-JLT is almost equal to conventional SOI-JLT.
On the asymptotic formulas for perturbations in the eigenvalues of the Stokes equations due to the presence of small deformable inclusions
Authors: Khelifi Abdessatar , Jaouabi Ahlem 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we provide a rigorous derivation of an asymptotic formula for the perturbation of eigenvalues associated to the Stokes eigenvalue problem with Dirichlet conditions and in the presence of small deformable inclusions. Taking advantage of the small sizes of the inclusions immersed in an incompressible Newtonian fluid having kinematic viscosity different from the background one, we show that our asymptotic formula can be expressed in terms of the eigenvalue in the absence of the inclusions and in terms of the viscous moment tensor (VMT).
A 120 Mbps WDM-based VLC system for implementation of Internet of Things
Authors: Boobhalon Vasudevan , Vijayam Kishore , Charan Karasala Vendata Sai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
It is envisioned that by 2022, the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices will be more than 20 billion. The transfer of information between IoT devices is heavily dependent on wireless links based on the radio frequency (RF) spectrum. Due to the scarcity of limited and licensed RF spectrum, visible light communication (VLC) based IoT links can be considered as a promising and viable solution. In this work, four channels are multiplexed to carry low-datarate information over a VLC link using cost-effective and easy to implement on-off-keying (OOK). Red, blue, green, and amber light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are deployed for parallel data transportation. The proposed system has been designed and simulated using Optisystem software. Through numerical simulations, we investigate the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed VLC link with increasing transmission range. Also, we investigate the BER performance of the proposed VLC link under the impact of increasing detection surface area, responsivity of the photodiode, and slope efficiency of the LEDs. Further, the performance of the proposed VLC link has been compared for different data transmission rates using non-return-to-zero and return-to-zero modulation schemes.
Newly defined peroxisomal disease with novel ACBD5 mutation
Authors: Gorukmez Ozlem , Havalı Cengiz , Gorukmez Orhan , Dorum Sevil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Peroxisomal disorders are a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by mutations in a large number of genes. One of the genetic disorders known to cause this situation is ACBD5 (Acyl-CoA binding-domain-containing-5) gene mutations that have been described in recent years. Here, we report two siblings with a novel homozygous nonsense variation (c.1297C>T, p.Arg433*) in ACBD5 (NM_145698.4) gene using Clinical Exome Sequencing (Sophia Genetics).
Differences in Ethical Cyber Behavioural Intention of Nigerian and South African Students: A Multi-Group Analysis Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour
Authors: Aderibigbe Nurudeen , Ocholla Dennis , Britz Johannes 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Cybertechnology has become a fundamental part of educational institutions, with the student’s routine to use these technologies to communicate, learn and play, causing a need for understanding the impact and general principles of ethical computer use in academia. However, the practice of cyberethics in these environments has presented many challenges for the institutions. This study, based on the theory of planned behaviour, examined the differences in ethical cyber behavioural intention of Nigerian and South African students using a multi-group analysis. The study adopted a survey research design– structured questionnaires were randomly distributed among students of two purposively selected universities, one in South Africa and the other Nigeria. Structural equation modelling was employed to test the proposed model fit. Overall, 450 undergraduate students participated in the survey; 343 respondents completed and returned the questionnaire, resulting in a response rate of 76.2%. The subjective norm was found to be statistically significant in influencing students’ ethical cyber behavioural intention with cyber technologies. The study contributes to the extant literature on the application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). The originality and value of this study can be viewed from the application of a socio-psychology theory to determine ethical cyber behavioural intention in relation to cybertechnology, which provides further evidence that the TPB can be applied to cyberethics research. Moreover, to the best of authors’ knowledge, this is a pioneer study that comprehensively examines the linkage of components of TPB with ethical cyber behavioural intention in joint samples from South Africa and Nigeria.
New targets of morphine postconditioning protection of the myocardium in ischemia/reperfusion injury: Involvement of HSP90/Akt and C5a/NF-κB
Authors: Tu Rong-Hui , Wang Dong-Xiao , Zhong Guo-Qiang , Meng Jian-Jun , Wen Hong , Jie-Feng  , Bi Qi , He Yan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Activation of the complement component 5a (C5a) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling is an important feature of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and recent studies show that morphine postconditioning (MP) attenuates the myocardial injury. However, the mediating cardioprotective mechanisms remain unclear. The present study explores the role and interaction of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), Akt, C5a, and NF-κB in MP-induced cardioprotection.

Methods
Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 160) were randomized into eight groups (n = 20 per group). Rats in the sham group underwent thoracotomy, passing the ligature through the heart but without tying it (150 min), and the other seven groups were subjected to 30 min of anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion and the following treatments: I/R (30 min of ischemia and followed by 2 h of reperfusion); ischemic postconditioning (IPostC, 30 s of ischemia altered with 30 s of reperfusion, repeated for three cycles, and followed by reperfusion for 2 h); MP (0.3 mg/kg morphine administration 10 min before reperfusion); MP combined with the HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA, 1 mg/kg); MP combined with the Akt inhibitor GSK-690693 (GSK, 20 mg/kg); and MP combined with the C5a inhibitor PMX205 (PMX, 1 mg/kg/day, administration via drinking water for 28 days) and MP combined with the NF-κB inhibitor EVP4593 (QNZ, 1 mg/kg). All inhibitors were administered 10 min before morphine and followed by 2 h reperfusion.

Results
MP significantly reduced the I/R-induced infarct size, the apoptosis, and the release of cardiac troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase-MB. These beneficial effects were accompanied by increased expression of HSP90 and p-Akt, and decreased expression of C5a, NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1. However, HSP90 inhibitor GA or Akt inhibitor GSK increased the expression of C5a and NF-κB and prevented MP-induced cardioprotection. Furthermore, GA inhibited the MP-induced upregulation of p-Akt, while GSK did not affect HSP90, indicating that p-Akt acts downstream of HSP90 in MP-induced cardioprotection. In addition, C5a inhibitor PMX enhanced the MP-induced downregulation of NF-κB, while NF-κB inhibitor QNZ had no effect on C5a, indicating that the C5a/NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in MP-induced cardioprotection.

Conclusion
HSP90 is critical for MP-mediated cardioprotection possibly by promoting the phosphorylation of Akt and inhibiting the activation of C5a and NF-κB signaling and the subsequent myocardial inflammation, ultimately attenuating the infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
Spin photonics: from transverse spin to photonic skyrmions
Authors: Shi Peng , Du Luping , Yuan Xiaocong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Spin angular momentum associated with circular polarization is a fundamental and important aspect of photons both in classical and quantum optics. The interaction of this optical spin with matter and structures results in many intriguing optical effects and state-of-the-art applications covered under the emerging subject of spin optics. Distinct from longitudinal optical spin along the mean wavevector, transverse spin, the corresponding vector of which is perpendicular to the mean wavevector, prevails and plays a significant role in confined electromagnetic waves such as focused beams, guided waves, and evanescent waves. In the optical near-field, these transverse spins are generated owing to the spatial variation of the kinetic momentum of confined electromagnetic waves, where the spin and orbital angular momenta are strongly coupled, leading to many interesting topological spin structures and properties. Several reviews on optical transverse spins have been published in recent years in which their concepts and the various configurations producing them were introduced systematically. Here, we introduce in this review the underlying physics and dynamics of transverse spin and the resultant topological structures and properties such as the photonic skyrmions and merons. We term this sub-area ‘spin photonics’, its scope being to cover the design and research of spin structures in strongly confined electromagnetic fields with unique properties and applications. The concepts and framework reviewed have importance in optics, topological photonics, metrology, and quantum technologies and may be used to extend spin-dynamics concepts to fluidic, acoustic, and gravitational waves.
Reconfigurable nonlinear response of dielectric and semiconductor metasurfaces
Authors: Carletti Luca , Gandolfi Marco , Rocco Davide , Tognazzi Andrea , de Ceglia Domenico , Vincenti Maria Antonietta , De Angelis Costantino 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Optically resonant dielectric and semiconductor metasurfaces are an emerging and promising area of nanophotonics and light–matter interaction at the nanoscale. Recently, active tuning of the linear response and nonlinear effects of these components has received an increasing amount of interest. However, so far these research directions have remained separated with only few sporadic works that study their combination beginning to appear in the literature. The evolution of nonlinear metasurfaces based on dielectric and semiconductor materials toward reconfigurable and dynamic components could potentially answer the demand of integrated on-chip components that realize essential functionalities such as frequency conversion, active switching, optical isolation, and all-optical routing. This review provides an overview of recent investigations in this field, reviews the main physical phenomena enabling the dynamic control of the nonlinear response and compares the temporal dynamics of the diverse approaches that have been explored so far. Finally, future directions of dynamic nonlinear metasurfaces are outlined.
Multiple excitons dynamics of lead halide perovskite
Authors: Gao Wanxiao , Ding Jie , Bai Zhenxu , Qi Yaoyao , Wang Yulei , Lv Zhiwei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The lead halide perovskite material shows its unique photoelectric properties, the resulting conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. However, the efficiency comes to a bottleneck owing to that mechanism research fall behind the device research. Multiple excitons dynamics play an important role, especially in the lifetime and binding energy of multiple excitons. A long multiexciton lifetime is beneficial to the application for light-emitting devices and photovoltaic devices. Large multiexciton binding energy means a large Stokes shift in exciton absorption, thus avoiding the loss of linear absorption. To conclude, discussions are presented regarding views of current multiple excitons research in terms of the biexciton lifetime and biexciton binding energy that should be considered for further advances in materials and devices.