bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Modern Antiretroviral Therapy on Complication Rates After Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Sax Oliver C. , Mohamed Nequesha S. , Pervaiz Sahir S. , Douglas Scott J. , Aboulafia Albert J. , Delanois Ronald E. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains the cornerstone of decreasing morbidity and mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but additional information on its impact on total hip arthroplasty (THA) complication rates is needed to mitigate risks postoperatively. Therefore, we sought to examine patients with HIV who were and were not taking ART compared with a cohort without HIV in the setting of primary THA with respect to the following outcomes: length of stay, readmissions, and postoperative infection.

Methods:
A retrospective database review was performed with PearlDiver for patients who underwent THA from 2010 to 2019 (n = 729,101). Patients with HIV who were and were not taking ART were then identified and were matched with patients without HIV at a 1:1:1 ratio based on age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, diabetes, obesity, and tobacco use, resulting in 601 patients in each cohort. Length of stay, 30-day readmissions, and complications at 90 days and 1 year were analyzed. Continuous outcomes were measured via Student t tests, and categorical outcomes were measured via chi-square analyses.

Results:
Patients with HIV who were and were not taking ART were found to have similar lengths of stay compared with patients without HIV (range, 4.1 to 4.3 days). Readmission rates were slightly higher in patients with HIV who were taking ART at 4.2% (odds ratio [OR], 1.96 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99 to 3.87]) and patients with HIV who were not taking ART at 3.5% (OR, 1.63 [95% CI, 0.81 to 3.30]) compared with patients without HIV at 2.1%. Periprosthetic joint infection rates at 1 year were slightly higher among patients with HIV who were not taking ART at 5.3% (OR, 1.41 [95% CI, 0.82 to 2.45]) compared with patients with HIV who were taking ART at 4.2% (OR, 1.09 [95% CI, 0.61 to 1.94]) and patients without HIV at 3.8%.

Conclusions:
Patients with HIV who are and are not taking ART are approaching normalization to the general population in the setting of THA. It is important to note that, although complications may have been mitigated by modern therapy, extreme care should be taken while clinically evaluating these patients prior to the surgical procedure given the complexity of their clinical status. The findings of this study underscore the utility of ART and patient optimization to reduce risk in this patient population.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Retos de traducción de las "Terms and Conditions" de las redes sociales: análisis jurídico y terminológico contrastivo inglés-español basado en corpus
Authors: Hernández García Valeria 
Published: May 2021

El avance de la informática y de las nuevas tecnologías ha dado lugar a la aparición de una gran variedad de géneros textuales jurídicos en formato electrónico. El presente artículo se ocupa del estudio de las terms and conditions de las redes sociales. Por un lado, se ha realizado una breve aproximación a la definición de red social, así como a la noción de contrato conforme a la legislación española. Además, se han abordado las características generales del inglés jurídico y la figura del contrato tanto en el derecho español como en el derecho anglosajón. Por otro lado, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis contrastivo sobre la terminología jurídica de los textos objeto de estudio. Para ello, como punto de partida, compilamos un corpus ad hoc paralelo a partir de las terms and conditions de trece redes sociales, que se redactaron originariamente en inglés y se tradujeron posteriormente al español. El programa de gestión de corpus empleado fue ParaConc, a través del cual se seleccionaron y analizaron los cinco términos más significativos, que, a su vez, suponen un reto de traducción, a saber: terms, conditions, terms and conditions, termination y under. Dicho análisis incluye tanto el estudio de los conceptos en inglés como sus posibles traducciones al español.
Palabras clave: Redes sociales, Terms and conditions, Retos de traducción, Terminología jurídica, Análisis contrastivo.
Las viviendas de interés patrimonial como instrumento para el fortalecimiento de la actividad turística de la Bahía de Caraquez (Ecuador)
Authors: LEMOINE QUINTERO FRANK ÁNGEL , CHICA MEDRANDA CARLOS ENRIQUE , VILLACÍS ZAMBRANO LILIA MONTSERRATE , MENESES PANTOJA WILLIAM RENÁN 
Published: May 2021

Las casas patrimoniales se han convertido en un símbolo histórico-cultural a nivel territorial, incluyendo aquéllas en la que trascienden ideas liberales y propias de los inicios del siglo XX, así como un aire desconocidamente cosmopolita. Con la finalidad de buscar estrategias para fortalecer la actividad turística en el destino se consideró realizar un diagnóstico para medir la percepción de
los turistas que asisten a la localidad referente a sus criterios de las casas patrimoniales y su estado de conservación.El método descriptivo admitió fundamentar criterios partiendo de los resultados arrojados por el REDATAM demostrando que estas construcciones marcaron en el desarrollo cultural de la región y por ende en las casas patrimoniales.El principal resultado es desarrollar planes de contingencias para afrontar estrategias de reconstrucción de las casas patrimoniales para el fortalecimiento de la actividad turística en el destino.
Palabras Clave: casas patrimoniales; diagnóstico; conservación; actividad turística; Bahía de Caráquez, Ecuador
A step Towards Environmental Mitigation In South Africa: Does Trade Liberalisation Really Matter? Fresh Evidence From A Novel Dynamic ARDL Simulations Approach
Authors: Udeagha Maxwell Chukwudi , Ngepah Nicholas N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study revisits the trade-CO2 emissions nexus for South Africa over the period 1960–2016. Our strategy is distinctively different from previous works in the following dimensions: we employ the recently developed novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulations framework to examine the negative and positive changes in trade openness, technological innovation, industrial growth, energy consumption, foreign direct investment, technique effect, and scale effect on CO2 emissions. Second, we use an innovative measure of trade openness developed by Squalli and Wilson (2011) to capture trade share in GDP as well as size of trade relative to world trade for South Africa. Third, we use the frequency domain causality (FDC) approach, the robust testing strategy suggested by Breitung & Candelon (2006) which enables us to explore permanent causality for medium, short and long-term relationships among variables under review. Fourth, we employ the second-generation econometric procedures accounting robustly the multiple structural breaks which have been considerably ignored in earlier studies. For South Africa, we find that: (i) higher trade openness is strikingly injurious to the environment in the long run, although it is environmentally friendly in the short run; (ii) the scale effect increases CO2 emissions whereas the technique effect improves it, validating the presence of an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis; (iii) energy consumption, foreign direct investment and industrial value-added deteriorate environmental quality; (iv) technological innovation contributes to lower CO2 emissions; (v) the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) exists; (vi) InSE, InTE, InOPEN, InEC, InFDI, InTECH and InIGDP Granger-cause InCO2 in the medium, long and short run suggesting that these variables are important to influence CO2 emissions. In light of our empirical evidence, this paper suggests that the international teamwork to lessen carbon emissions is immensely critical to solve the growing trans-boundary environmental decay and other associated spillover consequences.JEL Classifications: F18, F13, Q56; O13; F1; F41
Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zone Through Geospatial Technique, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, And Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Srivast Sunil Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Study Region: This study area is located in a subtropical semi-arid climatic zone of India, suffering due to the low availability of water. Hence, delineation of the groundwater potential zone (GWPZ) had performed through the geospatial technique, the multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA), and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Study Focus: The thematic-layers of the geology, geomorphology, soil types, lineament-density, the slope of the topography, drainage-density, land-use, and land-cover developed and created by utilizing available supplementary data and digital satellite images. GWPZ had classified into 5 classes like excellent, good, moderate, poor, and very-poor. The summary of the methodology adopted for the delineation of GWPZ has given in fig-2.New Hydrological Insights for the Region: It had observed that the consistency index (CI) was 0.0106, while the random index (RI) for 7 variables considered from standard tables is 1.32. The calculated consistency ratio (CR) in this study was 0.0080 lower than 0.1000. This low CR indicated moderate consistency in the results of pairwise comparisons among the thematic layers assigned weight for analysis. Hence, the AHP model used for this research work has shown reasonably good accuracy. The statistics of GWPZ indicated ~3.97% of study-area possessed excellent GWPZ, ~37.09% very-good, ~41.72% moderate, ~15.23% poor, and ~1.99% very-poor. This model of the GWP map shows that the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) is ~0.726. It indicated good agreement between experimental results and predicted results.
Comparative Analysis of Pan-cancer and Normal Tissues Reveals Cancer Tissue-enriched CircRNAs Associated with Cancer Mutations as Potential Exosomal Biomarkers
Authors: Wang Xuezhu , Dong Yucheng , Wu Zilong , Wang Guanqun , Shi Yue , Zheng Yongchang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: A growing body of evidence has shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are promising exosomal cancer biomarker candidates. However, global alterations of circRNAs in cancer and the driving force of circRNA biogenesis remain under investigation. Studies on these factors are needed to identify ideal circRNA biomarkers for cancer.Methods: We comparatively analyzed the circRNA landscape in pan-cancer and normal tissues to investigate their biologically significant characteristics and identify circRNAs enriched in pan-cancer. We used co-expression analysis, LASSO regularization, and support vector machine to analyze 265 pan-cancer and 319 normal tissues to identify circRNAs with the highest ability to distinguish cancer tissues from normal tissues which showed high expression in plasma exosomes from patients with cancer (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC) and were associated with cancer mutations. Results: Expression of circRNAs was reduced in cancer tissues and plasma exosomes from patients with cancer than in normal tissues and exosomes from healthy controls. The circRNAs with the strongest ability to distinguish between cancer and normal tissues were among the top 10% of stably expressed circRNAs. Compared with normal-tissue-enriched circRNAs, cancer-tissue‒enriched circRNAs exhibited a more prominent association with cancer mutations and higher levels in plasma exosomes from patients with HCC. Particularly, we identified dynein axonemal heavy chain 14 (DNAH14), which serves as the host gene of three cancer tissue-enriched circRNAs, as one of the top back-spliced genes exclusive to cancer tissues. Among these three circRNAs, chr1_224952669_224968874_+ was significantly elevated in plasma exosomes from patients with HCC and was associated with the cancer mutation chr1:224952669: G>A, a splice acceptor variant that is potentially a driving force of circRNA biogenesis.Conclusions: Our bioinformatic analyses provide insights into the characteristics of the circRNA landscape in cancer and the potential of cancer mutation-associated and cancer tissue-enriched RNAs as plasma exosomal cancer biomarkers. Moreover, our results highlight DNAH14 as a host gene that should be further examined in studies of circRNA in cancer.
Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded on Activated Carbon Prepared From Walnut Peel Extract for the Removal of Eosin Y and Erythrosine B Dyes From Aqueous Solution: Experimental Approaches, Kinetics Models and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Rashtbari Yousef , Afshin Shirin , Hamzezadeh Asghar , Gholizadeh Abdolmajid , Ansari Farshid Jaberi , Poureshgh Yousef , fazlzadeh mehdi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Water contamination due to release of dye containing effluents is one of the environmental problems of serious concern today. The present study investingate the Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) doped on activated carbon (AC) prepared from walnut peel extract and to estimate its efficiency in the removal of Eosin Y (Eo-Y) and Erythrosine B (Er-B) from its aqueous solution. The synthesized AC-ZnO was identified by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The influence of various parameters such as pH, dosage of AC-ZnO, contact time, and concentrations of Eo-Y and Er-B were also studied. The pH 3 was observed as the optimum pH while the equilibrium was noticed to reach in 30 min at dosage of 1 g/L and initial concentration 100 mg/L for Eosin Y and Erythrosine B adsorption onto AC-ZnO. The maximum adsorption capacity of Eo-Y and Er-B onto AC-ZnO was found to be 163.9 and 144.92 mg/g (and removal efficiencies of 95.11 and 98.31 %), respectively. The process of Eo-Y and Er-B adsorption on AC-ZnO was observed to be depended on the pseudo-second-order kinetic model which indicate chemisorption processes. Langmuir adsorption isotherm model test described the removal of Eo-Y and Er-B on AC-ZnO. The Eo-Y and Er-B adsorption were found to be non-spontaneous and endothermic in nature. Also, the values, SBET and VTOTAL for the AC-ZnO were equal to 725.65 m2/g and 0.6004 cm3/g, respectively. The results of this study exhibited that AC-ZnO was a very effective method that can be used for the removal of Eo-Y and Er-B from aqueous solutions.
ATG101 as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker Related to Immunotherapy in Pan-cancer
Authors: Zhang Zijian , Mo Jinggang , Jin Chong , Jiang Hao , Liu Zhongtao , Zou Heng , Xiong Li , Teng Chuang , Wen Yu , wang Kunpeng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: ATG101 plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of tumours by regulating autophagy. Our study aimed to research the correlation between the expression of ATG101 and tumour prognosis and its role in tumour immunity. Methods: First, integrated analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression portals were used to analyse the expression of ATG101. Then, we used Kaplan–Meier curves for survival analysis. Next, we analysed the relationship between ATG101 expression and six immune cells, the immune microenvironment and immune checkpoints. Besides, we analysed the relationship between the expression of ATG101 and methyltransferase. Finally, we used GSEA to study the function of ATG101 in COAD and LIHC. Results: Integrated analysis showed that ATG101 was overexpressed in different tumours. Kaplan–Meier curves found that ATG101 was associated with poor prognosis in most tumours. We found that that ATG101 can be used as a target and prognostic marker of tumour immunotherapy for different tumours. We also found that ATG101 regulates DNA methylation. GSEA analysis showed that ATG101 may play a critical role in COAD and LIHC.Conclusions: Our study highlights the significance of ATG101 in the study of tumour immunity from a pan-cancer perspective.
Beyond Private 5G Networks: Applications, Architectures, Operator Models and Technological Enablers
Authors: Maman Mickael , Strinati Emilio Calvanese , Dinh Lam Ngoc , Haustein Thomas , Keusgen Wilhelm , Wittig Sven , Schmieder Mathis , Barbarossa Sergio , Merluzzi Mattia , Costanzo Francesca , Sardellitti Stefania , Klessig Henrik , Kendre Savita Vitthalrao , Munaretto Daniele , Centenaro Marco , Pietro Nicola di , Liang Shuo-Peng , Chih Kuan-Yi , Luo Jack Shi-Jie , Kao Ling-Chih , Huang Jiun-Cheng , Huang Jen-Sheng , Wang Tzu-Ya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Private networks will play a key role in 5G and beyond to enable smart factories with the required better deployment, operation and flexible usage of available resource and infrastructure. 5G private networks will offer a lean and agile solution to effectively deploy and operate services with stringent and heterogeneous constraints in terms of reliability, latency, re-configurability and re-deployment of resources as well as issues related to governance and ownership of 5G components, and elements. In this paper we present a novel approach to operator models, specifically targeting 5G and beyond private networks. We apply the proposed operator models to different network architecture options and to a selection of relevant use cases offering mixed private-public network operator governance and ownership. Moreover, several key enabling technologies have been identified for 5G private networks. Before the deployment, stakeholders should consider spectrum allocation and on-site channel measurements in order to fully understand the propagation characteristic of a given environment and to set up end-to-end system parameters. During the deployment, a monitoring tools will support to validate the deployment and to make sure that the end-to-end system meet the target KPI. Finally, some optimization can be made individually for service placement, network slicing, network orchestration or jointly at RAN, MEC or core network level.
Plastic Bronchitis Associated With Influenza a Virus in a Child With Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Maehara Kenji , Kurokawa Mari , Tezuka Junichiro , Lee Sooyoung , Kaku Yoshitsugu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPlastic bronchitis (PB) combined with nephrotic syndrome (NS) is rare, and the pathophysiological relationship between PB and NS has not been elucidated. We report a case of an 8-year-old boy with life-threatening PB caused by an influenza infection during a relapse of NS. Case presentationThe patient was on immunosuppressive drugs for NS. He developed fever due to an influenza A virus infection, followed by respiratory distress and frequent vomiting. Prednisolone was administered for possible bronchial asthma and NS. His respiratory status deteriorated rapidly, which required ventilator management. A large mucus plug was aspirated using bronchoscopy. He was then diagnosed with PB caused by the influenza A virus. Increased lower airway secretion and fluid leakage into the airways by relapse of NS were considered the causes of mucus plug formation. Besides, the decreased circulating blood volume might have made the bronchial secretions viscous with cast formation.ConclusionsPediatric patients with NS may be at a higher risk of developing PB. As PB is a life-threatening condition, patients with NS should be closely monitored when simultaneously infected with influenza virus.
Distinct Ecological Adaptations and Habitat Responses to Future Climate Change in Three East and Southeast Asian Sapindus Species
Authors: Liu Jiming , Xu Yuanyuan , Sun Caowen , Wang Xin , Zheng Yulin , Shi Shuanglong , Chen Zhong , He Qiuyang , Weng Xuehuang , Jia Liming 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Sapindus is an important biodiesel, biomedical, and multifunctional economic forest species in Asia, however its germplasms have been persistently damaged or lost. It is imperative to conserve the diversity of Sapindus. This study aimed to reveal the potential habitat distribution patterns of Sapindus mukorossi, Sapindus delavayi, and Sapindus rarak in response to current environment and future climate change, and identify hotspots of habitat degradation/expansion to facilitate climate change-adaptive biological conservation. Methods: Using current environmental data and future climate projections (2021–2100), we simulated the present and potential future habitats of Sapindus mukorossi, Sapindus delavayi, and Sapindus rarak in east and southeast Asia using a maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model that was developed based on 2041 occurrence records. Results: The model showed that precipitation may play an important role in framing the potential habitats of Sapindus; however, S. delavayi was more sensitive to minimum temperatures (-2 °C to 3 °C) and elevation (1200-2000 m), while S. rarak was more demanding in terms of solar radiation (annual mean Uvb of 4600 to 5000 J/m2/day). Under the current environment, S. mukorossi has the widest suitable habitat distribution (250.24 × 104 km2), followed by that of S. rarak (173.49 × 104 km2), and S. delavayi (78.85 × 104 km2). Under future climate change scenarios, the habitat distribution of S. mukorossi will expand and contract, that of S. delavayi exhibited significant expansion. In contrast, future S. rarak habitat distribution exhibited significant contraction. Conclusions: There were significantly distinct ecological adaptations among Sapindus mukorossi, Sapindus delavayi, and Sapindus rarak in east and southeast Asia. The contraction areas should be subject to germplasm collection and ex situ conservation preferentially. The modelled unchanged areas should be used for potential future Sapindus mukorossi, Sapindus delavayi, and Sapindus rarak conservation and utilization.
Land Cover Changes Implications in Energy Flow and Water Cycle in São Francisco Basin, Brazil, over the Past Seven Decades
Authors: Santos Vitor Juste dos , Calijuri Maria Lúcia , de Assis Leonardo Campos 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research aimed to quantify and qualify alterations in land cover and verify the implications of these modifications for variables related to energy flows and water cycle in São Francisco basin (SFB), located entirely in Brazilian territory, in the second half of the 20th century and beginning of the 21st. For this, statistical analyzes (descriptive, trends, seasonal and correlations) were used to quantify changes in the variables of land cover and energy/water flows, in addition to relating them. As a result, it was found that the SFB lost 65,680 km² of native vegetation (10.4% of basin area) to crops and pastures, reducing water infiltration (-52%) while the rains remained stable (-2%). Water loss increased through evapotranspiration (+5%) and surface runoff (+225%). Such changes in the water cycle have entailed an 11% reduction in São Francisco river long term flow rate (Q95), comparing pre and post-1990s period. In SFB, the activities that required water, such as farming activities, are those that promote hydric loss.