bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a 24/7 Dad® Curriculum in Improving Father Involvement: Profiles of Engagement
Authors: Wilson Rone E. , Obure Renice , Omokaro Precious , Salihu Hamisu M. , Berry Estrellita , Austin Deborah A. , Christner Jennifer G. 
Published: January 2021

Background or Objectives: Father involvement is a key component in maintaining healthy families and communities. This study presents quantitative results of the first five years of a comprehensive fatherhood training program offered by REACHUP, Inc. in Florida, United States.
Methods: The program utilized the 24/7 Dad ® curriculum for the fatherhood training program. Key program outcome was differences in pre and post-test scores on self-awareness, fathering skills, parenting skills, relationship skills, and self-care. Demo graph ic and pretest-posttest data collected between 2013 and 2017 were analyzed using chi-square test for categorical variables, McNemar’s test for differences in proportions pre- and post-intervention, paired sample t-test to compare means in pretest and posttest scores and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the difference between means across years and demo graph ic characteristics.
Results: Attendance in the program increased yearly, nearly doubling from 55 participants in 2013 to 97 in 2017. The mean pretest score was 8.90 (±4.04) and the mean posttest score was 16.42 (±4.54) out of 22 total points, representing a highly significant positive effect of the program on self-awareness, fathering skills, parenting skills, relationship skills and self-care which will enable men to establish long-lasting positive relationships with their children. There were significant differences by demo graph ic characteristics. Younger participants tended to score lower on the pretest but made the most knowledge gains following the training as indicated by the difference in pre- and posttest scores (<0.001).
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Increasing yearly attendance indicates the notion of male involvement is gaining momentum. An important lesson learned over the five-year period is that not all males who participated in the program were biological fathers of infants, young children or adolescents. Many participants were grandfathers, uncles and family friends, indicating that the benefits of a male involvement program can extend beyond the boundaries of biological fatherhood.
Key words: • Father Involvement • Fatherhood • Self-awareness • Fathering skills • Parenting skills • Relationship skills • and Self-care.24/7 Dad® Curriculum • Program Evaluation • REACHUP, Inc

Copyright © 2020 Wilson et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A Risk-Sensitive Task Offloading Strategy for Edge Computing in Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Hao Xiaoyu , Zhao Ruohai , Yang Tao , Hu Yulin , Hu Bo , Qiu Yuhe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Edge computing has become one of the key enablers for ultra-reliable and low-latency communications in the industrial Internet of Things in the fifth generation communication systems, and is also a promising technology in the future sixth generation communication systems. In this work, we consider the application of edge computing to smart factories for mission-critical task offloading through wireless links. In such scenarios, although high end-to-end delays from the generation to completion of tasks happen with low probability, they may incur severe casualties and property loss, and should be seriously treated. Inspired by the risk management theory widely used in finance, we adopt the Conditional Value at Risk to capture the tail of the delay distribution. An upper bound of the Conditional Value at Risk is derived through analysis of the queues both at the devices and the edge computing servers. We aim to find out the optimal offloading policy taking into consideration both the average and the worst case delay performance of the system. Given that the formulated optimization problem is a non-convex mixed integer non-linear programming problem, a decomposition into sub-problems is performed and a two-stage heuristic algorithm is proposed. Simulation results validate our analysis and indicate that the proposed algorithm can reduce the risk in both the queueing and end-to-end delay.
Individually Optimal Choices can be Collectively Disastrous in COVID-19 Disease Control
Authors: Stoddard Madison , Egeren Debra Van , Johnson Kaitlyn , Rao Smriti , Furgeson Josh , White Douglas , Nolan Ryan , Hochberg Natasha , Chakravarty Arijit 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The word ‘pandemic’ conjures dystopian images of bodies stacked in the streets and societies on the brink of collapse. Despite this frightening picture, denialism and noncompliance with public health measures are common in the historical record, for example during the 1918 Influenza pandemic or the 2015 Ebola epidemic. The unique characteristics of SARS-CoV-2—its high basic reproduction number (R0), time-limited natural immunity and considerable potential for asymptomatic spread—exacerbate the public health repercussions of noncompliance with interventions (such as vaccines and masks) to limit disease transmission. Our work explores the rationality and impact of noncompliance with COVID-19 disease control measures. Methods: In this work, we used game theory to explore when noncompliance confers a perceived benefit to individuals. We then used epidemiological modeling to predict the impact of noncompliance on control of COVID-19, demonstrating that the presence of a noncompliant subpopulation prevents suppression of disease spread. Results: Our modeling demonstrating that noncompliance is a Nash equilibrium under a broad set of conditions, and that the existence of a noncompliant population can result in extensive endemic disease in the long-term after a return to pre-pandemic social and economic activity. Endemic disease poses a threat for both compliant and noncompliant individuals; all community members are protected if complete suppression is achieved, which is only possible with a high degree of compliance. For interventions that are highly effective at preventing disease spread, however, the consequences of noncompliance are borne disproportionately by noncompliant individuals. Conclusions: In sum, our work demonstrates the limits of free-market approaches to compliance with disease control measures during a pandemic. The act of noncompliance with disease intervention measures creates a negative externality, rendering COVID-19 disease control ineffective in the short term and making complete suppression impossible in the long term. Our work underscores the importance of developing effective strategies for prophylaxis through public health measures aimed at complete suppression and the need to focus on compliance at a population level.
Genome-wide identifying of G-quadruplex structures directly by whole-genome resequencing
Authors: Tu Jing , Duan Mengqin , Liu Wenli , Lu Na , Sun Xiao , Lu Zuhong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present a convenient genome-wide DNA G-quadruplex (G4) profiling method that identifies G4 structures from ordinary whole-genome resequencing data by seizing the slight fluctuation of sequencing quality. We identified 736,689 G4 structures within human genome, in which 44.9% of all predicted canonical G4-froming sequences were contained. We observed that some of the single nucleotide variations (SNVs) influenced the formation of G4 structures, including homozygous SNVs and heterozygous SNVs. Due to SNVs contain individual differences, the given approach is available to identify and characterize G4s genome-wide for specific individuals.
Mixed Methods Review of A Home-Grown School Feeding Pilot in A Poor Ethnic Minority Community in Vietnam&nbsp;
Authors: Prima Sabina Di , Dinh Dai , Reurings Demi , Wright E. Pamela , Essink Dirk , Broerse Jacqueline 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Undernutrition threatens the health and future of preschool children in disadvantaged ethnic minority communities. Home-grown school feeding (HGSF) in nursery schools could have a positive impact on children’s nutrition while creating multiple benefits for the community and local food system. Evidence is lacking on the implementation and sustainability of HGSF as part of multi-sectoral programs in remote areas. This study assessed a HGSF pilot intervention, implemented within a four-year nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA) program, in five nursery schools in a mountain ethnic minority community in Vietnam. It aimed to gain insights into the diversity and cost of school meals, food sources, effects on children’s nutritional status and on process aspects related to implementation and sustainability, especially HGSF synergy with other NSA program components.
Methods

Mixed-methods assessment covered school meal diversity and cost; food sources; anthropometric data; and the process, including changes triggered by HGSF, perceived barriers and facilitators to implementation, and prospects for sustainability. Data came from participants selected by purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews (n = 30) and seven focus group discussions (n = 76), and from field observations and transect walks.
Results

School meals increased daily dietary diversity; meals cost USD 0.65/child/day. About 44% of the foods used were home-grown. There was an indicative reduction in underweight children, an increase in school attendance, and improvements in food preferences and WASH practices. Parents’ caring and feeding practices improved and their willingness to pay for school meals increased. At community level, local food systems became less cash crop-oriented and more self-reliant in production of nutrient-rich foods, contributing to household food security and income generation. Social capital increased. Positive changes were attributed to HGSF and to synergy among NSA program components. Enhanced confidence and motivation, stimulated by role models and change agents, facilitated the process. Socio-economic conditions of poor households and limited resilience to external shocks were barriers that threatened sustainability.
Conclusions

This study showed that implementing HGSF in a mountain ethnic minority area with a high prevalence of undernutrition benefitted children and their communities, when integrated in a multi-sectoral program that mobilises all stakeholders and stimulates both supply and demand of nutritious food.
Comparison between Multiple doses and Single-dose Steroids in Preventing the Incidence of Reintubation after Extubation among Critically ill Patients: A Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Ahn Chiwon , Na Min Kyun , Lim Tae Ho , Jang Bo-Hyoung , Kim Wonhee , Cho Youngsuk , Shin Hyungoo , Kim Jae Guk , Lee Juncheol , Choi Kyu-Sun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the frequency of prophylactic steroid administration to prevent reintubation after extubation in critically ill patients. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library for studies regarding the preventive use of multiple doses or single-dose steroids prior to extubation on July 2020, and conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare these interventions. To assess the risk of bias of each included study, version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used. Nine randomized control trials comprising 2,098 patients with comparisons of the three interventions were included. Use of multiple doses and single doses showed a significantly lower rate of reintubation compared with placebo (odds ratio [OR]: 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25–0.72; OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.14–0.69). However, the comparison between multiple doses and single doses showed no significant differences (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.32–4.74). According to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve statistic, the treatments should be ranked as follows: single dose (87.1%), high dose (62.8%), and placebo (0.1%). This NMA showed that the multiple doses were not statistically superior to the single dose in lowering the incidence of reintubation after extubation in critically ill patients. Therefore, use of a single-dose steroid can reduce the incidence of reintubation.
Factors affecting retention in the Doctors to the Barrios Program (Philippines) from 2012 to 2019: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Flores Erika Louise Lapitan , Manahan Edric Matthew Rivera , Lacanilao Miguel Paulo Bernardo , Ladaw Isabella Ma. Beatriz Tinio , Mallillin Mico Martin Baligod , Mappatao Nikolai Thadeus Quinto , Leonardia Juan Alfonso , Pepito Veincent Christian Filipino 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: To address the maldistribution of healthcare providers and the shortage of physicians in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas of the Philippines, the Doctors to the Barrios (DTTB) program was established in 1993. However, as of 2011, only 18% of the DTTBs chose to stay in their assigned municipalities after their two-year deployment, termed retention. This study aims to identify the individual, local, work, national, and international factors affecting the retention of DTTBs in their assigned communities after their two-year deployment. METHODS: A descriptive, mixed-methods design was used. For the quantitative part, the modified and updated Stayers Questionnaire was given to all current DTTBs present in a Continuing Medical Education session in the Development Academy of the Philippines. Descriptive statistics were then presented. For the qualitative part, individual, semi-structured key informant interviews were conducted in-person or via phone with current and alumni DTTBs from 2012 to 2019. Proceedings of the interviews were transcribed, translated, and analyzed thematically. RESULTS: 102 current DTTBs participated in the quantitative part of our study, while 10 current and former DTTBs participated in the interviews. Demographic factors and location, personal beliefs, well-being, friends and family dynamics, and perceptions about work were the individual factors identified to affect retention. Social working conditions, career development, and infrastructure, medical equipment, and supplies were among the work factors identified to affect retention. Geography, living conditions, local social needs, and technology were among the local factors identified to affect retention. Compensation, the recently signed Universal Healthcare Law, and Safety and Security were identified as national factors that could affect retention. International factors did not seem to discourage DTTBs from staying in their communities. CONCLUSIONS: A host of individual, work-related, local, national, and international factors influence the DTTB’s decision to be retained in different, complex, interconnected, and dynamic ways. We also identified implementation issues in the DTTB program and suggested interventions to encourage retention.
Rate of Force Development in the Quadriceps of Individuals With Severe Knee Osteoarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Suzuki Yusuke , Iijima Hirotaka , Nakamura Masatoshi , Aoyama Tomoki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We tested the following hypotheses: individuals with severe knee osteoarthritis (KOA) would display a significantly decreased quadriceps rate of force development (RFD); and this decrease would be greater than the decrease in maximum quadriceps strength. Maximum isometric strength of the quadriceps was assessed in individuals with mild (Kellgren and Lawrence [K&L] grade 1–2) and severe KOA (K&L grade 3–4). RFD was analyzed at 200 ms from torque onset and normalized to body mass and maximum voluntary isometric contraction torque. The decrease in quadriceps RFD and the difference between this and the decrease in maximum quadriceps strength was tested with logistic regression analysis with a propensity-score-adjusted model and analysis of covariance, respectively. Effect size by Hedges’ g with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for the quadriceps RFD and maximum quadriceps strength. Sixty-six participants were analyzed. Individuals with severe KOA displayed significantly decreased quadriceps RFD (odds ratio: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.26-0.82), the decrease being greater than that in maximum quadriceps strength (between-group difference, ES: 0.88, -1.07 vs. 0.06, -0.22). The results suggest that a decreased quadriceps RFD is a modifiable risk factor for progressive KOA. This could lead to the early detection and prevention of severe KOA.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of Persimmon Tannin-Aloe Vera Composite on Cytotoxic Activities, and Radioprotection Against X-rays Irradiated in HepG2 and L02 Cells
Authors: WANG Zhongmin , QIAN Xi , NING Jinliang , QIN Chaoke , GAO Lin , HE Na , LIN Dahong , ZHOU Zhide , LI Guiyin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We investigated a persimmon tannin-Aloe vera composite powder (PT-A) for its capacity to protect against ionizing radiation. L02 cells and HepG2 cells were pretreated with PT-A (the mass ratio of persimmon tannin and Aloe vera is 2:1) or the single compounds at various concentrations, radiated with X-rays, and cell viability, apoptosis, and ROS production were analyzed by CCK-8, DCFH-DA staining, and Hoechst 33258 staining/flow cytometry, respectively. The optimal radiation dose and post-radiation incubation period were determined to be 8 Gy and 12 h, respectively. The PT-A composite provided the best protection against ionizing radiation in both cell types. The apoptotic rate was the lowest at a PT-A concentration of 200 mg/mL in L02 cells (4.32%, P < 0.05), and at 100 mg/mL in HepG2 cells (9.8%, P < 0.05). The activity of CCK-8 showed that the optimal radiation dose of L02 was 8 Gy, and the cell activity was 71.72% (IC50=412.1 mg/mL). For HepG2, the optimal radiation dose was 8 Gy, and the irradiation was 12 h. The post cell activity was 62.372% (IC50=213.0 mg/mL). ROS production induced by radiation was the most effectively suppressed by 200 mg/mL PT-A in L02 cells, and by 100 mg/mL in HepG2 cells.
Wide Spectrum Analysis of HPV Genotypes in External Anogenital Warts among Hungarian Patients
Authors: Rideg Orsolya , Oszter Angéla , Makk Evelin , Kálmán Endre , Tornóczky Tamás , Kovács Krisztina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: External anogenital warts (EGW) are primarily associated with the low-risk Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype 6 and 11, though coinfection with other low-risk and oncogenic high-risk HPV genotypes also occurs. Though the many studies about HPV-associated disease, the epidemiology, and the prevalence of HPV genotypes associated with EGW are not well characterized. The objective of our study was to determine the incidence of HPV genotypes in a Hungarian cohort diagnosed with EGW.Methods: A total number of 94 patients’ archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks were enrolled in our retrospective study. HPV genotypes were determined, applying HPV Direct Flow Chip Test.Results: The overall prevalence of HPV DNA in EGW cases was 100%. 72.34% of the cases were mono while 27.65% were multi infections. Cumulative prevalence of HPV 6 and 11 was 98.93%; while a total of 19.4% of the cases occurred with at least one high-risk genotype. The most frequent HPV genotypes were HPV 6 (86.17%), 11 (12.76%), 42 (6.38%) followed by HPV 40, 56, 59, 66, 73 (3.19%).Conclusion: Data of our study could provide invaluable information concerning the relative frequencies of HPV types in the Hungarian population, enabling improved assessment of the actual and future efficacy of vaccination programs and forecast changes in infection patterns.
Persistent Deficiency of Mucosa-associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells During Alcohol-related Liver Disease
Authors: Zhang Yujue , Fan Yuanyuan , He Wei , Han Yi , Bao Huarui , Yang Renjun , Wang Bingbing , Kong Derun , Wang Hua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of chronic liver diseases, and the inflammatory response is a basic pathological feature of ALD. Immunity throughout different stages of ALD has not yet been elucidated. The mucosal-associated invariant T(MAIT) cells are a novel population of innate immune cells, which may be depleted in various inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanism of MAIT cell loss in ALD remains unclear.Results: In this study, we found that MAIT cells were depleted in patients with alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic cirrhosis, and mixed cirrhosis (alcoholic + viral). Furthermore, the reduction in circulating MAIT cells was correlated with liver function in patients with cirrhosis. We detected functional changes among circulating MAIT cells in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, including increased production of IL-17A and perforin, and reduced production of TNF-α. Plasma cytokine and chemokine levels were quantified using multiple immunoassays and ELISA. Serum levels of chemokine IL-8 were correlated with MAIT cell frequency in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Moreover, no differences were observed in the expression of CCR6, CXCR6, and PD-1 in circulating MAIT cells of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. The MAIT cells in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis were prone to apoptosis, which was promoted by IL-12, IL-18, and IL-8. Conclusions: Our findings indicate persistent MAIT cell loss during alcohol-related liver disease, and suggest that MAIT cells can be promising indicator and therapeutic targets in ALD.
Immunoengineered Magnetic-quantum Dot Nanobead System for the Isolation and Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Draz Mohamed S , Xiong Anwen , Yan Wannian , Han Huanxing , Chen Wansheng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Highly efficient capture and detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) remain elusive mainly because of their extremely low concentration in patients' peripheral blood. Methods: We present an approach for the simultaneous capturing, isolation, and detection of CTCs using an immuno-fluorescent magnetic nanobead system (iFMNS) coated with a monoclonal anti-EpCAM antibody. Results: The developed antibody nanobead system allows magnetic isolation and fluorescent-based quantification of CTCs. The expression of EpCAM on the surface of captured CTCs could be directly visualized without additional immune-fluorescent labeling. Our approach is shown to result in a 70 – 95% capture efficiency of CTCs, and 95% of the captured cells remain viable. Using our approach, the isolated cells could be directly used for culture, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunocytochemistry (ICC) identification. We applied iFMNS for testing CTCs in peripheral blood samples from a lung cancer patient.Conclusions: It is suggested that our iFMNS approach would be a promising tool for CTCs enrichment and detection in one step.