bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
СТАТИСТИЧЕСКОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ВЫБОРА АТРИБУТИВНЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ПРИ ПРОГНОЗЕ ДОЮРСКИХ КОЛЛЕКТОРОВ ПО ДАННЫМ СЕЙСМОРАЗВЕДКИ
Authors: Чучалина Кристина Юрьевна , Волкова Александра Александровна , Меркулов Виталий Павлович 
Published: August 2021

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью увеличения степени достоверной оценки геологического строения сложнопостроенных коллекторов при наличии малого набора геолого-геофизической информации, что представляет неоднозначность в прогнозировании и выделении геологических объектов. В последние десятилетия компании широко применяют различные классификационные алгоритмы в процессе обработки всего комплекса данных для уменьшения неопределенностей геологической интерпретации. Одним из подходов является применение классификационных методов к сейсмическому сигналу, которые разделяют исследуемый объект на однородные по ряду признаков области, где также совместно используют данные геофизических исследований скважин и лабораторных исследований керна, что подразумевает комплексирование информации. Комплексная интерпретация сейсмических и скважинных данных позволяет прогнозировать на качественном уровне литофациальную изменчивость на локальных участках, что способствует более рациональному размещению эксплуатационных скважин. Цель исследования заключается в рассмотрении подходов анализа достоверной оценки и прогноза фациального строения при поиске перспективных объектов для наиболее оптимального расположения эксплуатационных скважин при планировании бурения, с учетом постоянно пополняемой и обновляемой геологической информации о пласте. Объектом исследования являются отложения палеозойского фундамента юго-восточной части Западно-Сибирской плиты, которые содержат породы различного вещественного состава, включая карбонатные разности. Методы исследования включают статистический анализ сейсмической информации и геолого-геофизических данных. В результате исследования выполнен статистический анализ пространственного изменения фациальной обстановки, на основе которого выделены достоверные зоны наличия определенной фации. Предложенная стратегия прогнозирования перспектив нефтегазоносности палеозойских отложений на примере одного из месторождений Западной Сибири способствовала выделению перспективных зон для будущего планирования расположения скважин.
Simulation of palm oil root water uptake by using 2D numerical soil-water flow model.
Authors: Safitri Lisma , Suryotomo Andiko Putro , Saptomo Satyanto Krido 
Published: August 2021

The lack of water resource in these past decades encourages the implementation of the precision agriculture system towards the sustainability in palm oil plantation. Therefore, it requires a specific information about the palm oil performance regarding the water balance system that affect the water consumption through the plant root water uptake. However, the prediction of root water uptake distribution is still a challenge. Another method to investigate the soil water dynamics under the plant root system is through the numerical simulations that are widely use to assess the soil water flow of the plant. In alignment with the idea of promoting the sustainable palm oil plantation, the investigation of root water uptake and water content under oil palm tree is highly demanding. As an introduction, through this study, it is find of interest to simulate the root water uptake and water content pattern of oil palm tree using the 2D simulation soil-water flow. The study was performed by applying the 2D simulation soil-water flow model to 17th year old oil palm tree located in Siak, Riau with the loam soil type. The climate data was used as primary data to predict the rate of evapotranspiration. The soil properties and root dimension and distribution of oil palm was taken by the literature study. The simulation over 30 days illustrated the root water uptake distribution, water content change, pressure head and flow velocity. The most intensive root water uptake occurred in the upper root zone of oil palm tree as an impact of the higher root density. The significant root water uptake in the upper root zone lead to the decreasing of water content and increasing of pressure head in the soil. Consequently, there was a change of water flow direction from the wet area in the downward and sideward do dry root zone as the water supply to the oil palm tree.
Clinical Verification of Body Mass Index and Tumor Immune Response in Patients With Breast Cancer Receiving Preoperative Chemotherapy
Authors: Takada Koji , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Asano Yuka , Goto Wataru , Kouhashi Rika , Yabumoto Akimichi , Ishihara Sae , Morisaki Tamami , Shibutani Masatsune , Tanaka Hiroaki , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe body mass index (BMI) is commonly used as a simple indicator of obesity; patients with early-stage breast cancer who are obese (OB) per BMI measurements have been shown to have high postoperative recurrence and low survival rates. On the other hand, it has been shown that lymphocytes present in the vicinity of malignant growths that are involved in the tumors’ immune responses influence the efficacy chemotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesized that OB patients with breast cancer have a lower density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which may influence the therapeutic effect of preoperative chemotherapy (POC). In this study, we measured pretreatment BMI and TILs in patients with breast cancer who underwent POC, examined the correlations between these two factors, and retrospectively analyzed their therapeutic outcomes and prognoses.MethodsThe participants in this study were 421 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgical treatment after POC between February 2007 and January 2019. The patient’s height and weight were measured before POC to calculate the BMI (weight [kg] divided by the square of the height [m2]). According to the World Health Organization categorization, patients who weighed under 18.5 kg/m2 were classified as underweight (UW), those ≥18.5 kg/m2 and >25 kg/m2 were considered normal weight (NW), those ≥25 kg/m2 and <30 kg/m2 were overweight (OW), and those ≥30 kg/m2 were OB. The TILs were those lymphocytes that infiltrated the tumor stroma according to the definition of the International TILs Working Group 2014.ResultsThe median BMI was 21.9 kg/m2 (range, 14.3–38.5 kg/m2); most patients (244; 64.5%) were NW. Among all 378 patients with breast cancer, the TIL density was significantly lower in OB than in NW and OW patients (vs. NW: p=0.001; vs. OW: p=0.003). Furthermore, when examining patients with each breast cancer type individually, the OS of those with TNBC who had low BMIs was significantly poorer than that of their high-BMI counterparts (log rank p=0.031).Conclusions﻿Our data did not support the hypothesis that obesity affects the tumor immune microenvironment; however, we showed that being UW does affect the tumor immune microenvironment.
Single parameter model for cosmic scale photon redshift in a closed Universe
Authors: Steynberg Andre 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A successful single parameter model has been formulated to match the observations of photons from type 1a supernovae which were previously used to corroborate the standard 𝛬 cold dark matter model. The new single parameter model extrapolates all the way back to the cosmic background radiation (CMB) without requiring a separate model to describe inflation of the space dimensions after the Big Bang. The model for the redshift progression of a photon is: 1 + z =\(\frac{\text{sin}\left(\frac{13.8}{T}\right)\pi /2}{\text{sin}\left(\frac{t}{T}\right)\pi /2}\) T is the fitted parameter and t is the time when the photon was emitted, both measured in billions of years from time zero in the Big Bang. The angle is expressed in radians. The number 13.8 should be updated if an improved estimate for the time elapsed since the Big Bang is found. The single parameter model assumes that spacetime forms a finite symmetrical manifold with positive curvature.
The problems in the quarter-wavelength model and impedance matching theory in analysising microwave absorption material
Authors: Liu Ying , Liu Yue , Drew Michael GB 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
It is shown here that many concepts in current mainstream microwave absorption theory are used inappropriately. Reflection loss RL has been used to characterize microwave absorption from material instead of film and the results have been rationalized by impedance matching theory. The quarter-wavelength model states that the reflection of microwaves with wavelength l from a film is minimized if the thickness of the film is m l /4 where m is an odd integer. But we show here that the model is wrong because the phase effects from interfaces have been overlooked. RL is an innate property only for metal-backed film. Impedance matching theory is developed from transmission-line theory for scattering parameter s 11 but cannot be generalized to RL.
Prognostic Significance and Oncogene Function of Cathepsin A in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Huaxiang , Xu Fengfeng , Yang Fang , Lv Lizhi , Jiang Yi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cathepsin A (CTSA) is a lysosomal protease that regulates galactoside metabolism. The previous study has shown CTSA is abnormally expressed in various types of cancer. However, rarely the previous study has addressed the role of CTSA in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its prognostic value. To study the clinical value and potential function of CTSA in HCC, datasets from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and a 136 HCC patient cohort were analyzed. CTSA expression was found to be significantly higher in HCC patients compared with normal liver tissues, which was supported by immunohistochemistry (IHC) validation. Both gene ontology (GO) and The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses demonstrated that CTSA co-expressed genes were involved in ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport, carbohydrate metabolic process, lysosome organization, oxidative phosphorylation, other glycan degradation, etc. Survival analysis showed a significant reduction both in overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with high CTSA expression from both the TCGA HCC cohort and 136 patients with the HCC cohort. Furthermore, CTSA overexpression has diagnostic value in distinguishing between HCC and normal liver tissue (Area under curve (AUC) = 0.864). Moreover, Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that CTSA expression correlated with the oxidative phosphorylation, proteasome, and lysosome, etc. in HCC tissues. These findings demonstrate that CTSA may as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HCC.
Intensification of Tropical Cyclone FANI Observed by INSAT-3DR Rapid Scan Data
Authors: Jaiswal Neeru , Deb Sanjib K. , Kishtawal Chandra M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Geo-stationary satellite images are one of the primary tool for real-time monitoring and intensity analysis of Tropical Cyclones (TCs) in spite of other complimentary remote sensing sensors like scatterometers, microwave imagers and sounders, mounted on the polar orbiting satellites. The weather activities over Indian region are continuously monitored by two Indian geostationary satellites viz., INSAT-3D and INSAT-3DR for every 15 minutes in staggered mode. During extreme weather events like TCs, INSAT-3DR is operated in rapid scan operation mode by taking observations over the system in every 4-minutes interval. These observations are highly useful in understating the instantaneous structural changes during evolution, intensification and landfall of TC. The salient observations over the cloud systems by visible, thermal infrared (TIR1), and water vapour imageries of INSAT-3DR satellite during the life cycle of the TC FANI are presented in this paper. The rapidly evolving small-scale features inside the inner core of TC FANI in high temporal resolution images were examined. The large-scale circulation features are analysed by atmospheric motion winds generated using rapid scan infrared images of INSAT-3DR. The relationship between TC intensity and inner core TIR1 BT, number of overshooting top clouds in the differenced TIR1-WV BT have been presented by analysing the sequence of INSAT-3DR imageries. The strong correlation (r2=0.74) was obtained between the TC eye temperature and radial distance of first overshooting cloud top. The 1 km x 1 km visible images of TC were found to have the presence of small-scale mesovortices in the eye region, which are a typical characteristic of intense TC system. The rapid scan operation mode generated sequence of images have been presented to show their application to identify the signatures of TC intensification.
How long does the mRNA remains stable in untreated whole bovine blood?
Authors: Giglioti Rodrigo , Azevedo Bianca Tainá , de Oliveira Henrique Nunes , Katiki Luciana Morita , Filho Anibal Eugênio Vercesi , Oliveira Márcia Cristina de Sena , Okino Cintia Hiromi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: High quality and quantity of messenger RNA (mRNA) are required for accuracy of gene expression studies and other RNA-based downstream applications. Since RNA is considered a labile macromolecular prone to degradation, which may result in falsely altered gene expression patterns, several commercial stabilizing reagents have been developed aiming to keep RNA stable for long period. However, for studies involving large number of experimental samples, the high costs related to these specific reagents may constitute a barrier. Methods and Results: In this context the present study was designed aiming to evaluate the stability of mRNA in whole bovine blood collected in EDTA tubes during storage at common fridge (4°C). Whole blood samples were collected from six Holstein calves and submitted to RNA extraction in each different interval: immediately after blood sampling (< 2 h), at 1-day post-sampling (dps), 2 dps, 3 dps, 7 dps and 14dps intervals. RNA integrity and purity were evaluated, and RT-qPCR assays were run using seven different genes (B2M, ACTB, PPIA, GAPDH, YWHAZ, CD4 and IFN-γ) aiming to evaluate the presence of altered gene transcription during storage. All extracted RNA samples presented high purity, while optimal integrity and unaltered gene expression were observed in whole experimental group up to 3 days of storage.Conclusion: Bovine blood RNA remained stable in K3EDTA tubes for 3 days stored at common fridge and can be successfully and accurately used for gene expression studies.
Antibiotic Resistance Gene Was Increased via Horizontal Transfer in Single and Two-Chamber Microbial Electrolysis Cells
Authors: Guo Zhao-Bing , Sun Wen-Long , Zuo Xiao-Jun , Song Hai-Liang , Ling Hao , Zhang Shuai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), have been applied for antibiotic degradation, but simultaneously induced antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), thus representing a risk to disseminate antibiotic resistance. However, there were few studies on the potential and risk of ARGs transmission in the MECs. In this work, conjugative transfer of ARGs was assessed under three tested conditions (voltages, cell concentration, and donor/recipient ratio) in both single and two-chamber MECs. The results indicated that voltages (> 0.9 V) facilitate the frequency in single-chamber the MECs and two-chamber the MECs (in anode chamber). The donor cell number (donor/recipient ratio was 2:1) showed more favor on the transfer frequency. Furthermore, voltages ranged from 0.9 V to 2.5 V increased ROS production and cell membrane permeability in MECs. These findings offer new insights into the roles of ARGs transfer under different applied voltages in the MECs, which should not be ignored for horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance.
Invisible Experts: A Systematic Review &amp; Thematic Synthesis of Informal Carer Experiences of Inpatient Mental Health Care
Authors: Sief Nada Abou , Wood Lisa , Morant Nicola 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The negative impact of caregiving on carers’ physical and psychological wellbeing is well documented. Carers of mental health inpatients face additional burden, and report predominantly negative experiences of inpatient services. It remains unclear why, despite policies intended to improve inpatient experiences. A comprehensive review of carers’ inpatient experiences is needed to understand carer needs. As such, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and thematic synthesis of carer experiences of inpatient mental health care. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase and CINAHL for qualitative studies examining carer experiences of mental health inpatient care. Searches were supplemented by reference list screening and forward citation tracking of included studies. Results were synthesised using thematic synthesis. Our protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020197904) and our review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Findings: 12 studies were included from 6 countries. Four themes were identified: the emotional journey of inpatient care, invisible experts, carer concerns about quality of care for their loved one and relationships and partnershipInterpretation: Greater attention must be paid to ensure carers are well-supported, well-informed, and included in care. More emphasis must be placed on fostering positive relationships between carers, service users and staff and in facilitating continuity of care across inpatient and community services to provide carers with a sense of security and predictability. Further research is needed to explore differences in experiences based on carer and service user characteristics and global context, alongside co-production with carers to develop and evaluate future guidelines and policies.
Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index and The Risk of Diabetes: A General Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Liu Jingdong , Cheng Zongyou , Zhong Yanjia , Chen Xiaohua , Song Wei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) has been proven to be a reliable substitute for insulin resistance. However, whether a causal association exists between TyG-BMI and new-onset diabetes remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal association and predictive performance between TyG-BMI and diabetes.Methods: A total of 116661 subjects who underwent a physical examination were included in this study. The subjects were divided into five equal points according to the quintile of TyG-BMI, and the outcome of interest was the occurrence of diabetic events. TyG-BMI = ln [fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) × fasting triglycerides (mg/dL)/2] × BMI.Results: During the average follow-up period of 3.1 (0.95) years, 1888 men (1.61%) and 793 women (0.68%) were newly diagnosed with diabetes. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that TyG-BMI was an independent predictor of new-onset diabetes (HR 1.50 per SD increase, 95%CI: 1.40 to 1.60, P-trend<0.00001), and the best TyG-BMI cutoff value for predicting new-onset diabetes was 213.2966 (area under the curve 0.7741, sensitivity 72.51%, specificity 69.54%). Additionally, the results of subgroup analysis suggested that the risk of TyG-BMI-related diabetes in young and middle-aged people was significantly higher than that in middle-aged and elderly people, and the risk of TyG-BMI-related diabetes in non-obese people was significantly higher than that in overweight and obese people (P for interaction <0.05).Conclusions: This cohort study of the Chinese population shows that after excluding other confounding factors, there is a causal association of TyG-BMI with diabetes, and this independent association is more obvious in young, middle-aged and non-obese people.
The Healthy Female Microbiome Across Body Sites: Effect of Hormonal Contraceptives and the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Krog Maria Christine , Hugerth Luisa W , Fransson Emma , Bashir Zahra , Andersen Anders Nyboe , Edfeldt Gabriella , Engstrand Lars , Schuppe-Koistinen Ina , Nielsen Henriette Svarre 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: There is increasing evidence that the vaginal microbiome influences women’s health. V agina l dysbiosis with a low abundance of L actobacillus h as been connected to gynaecological and obstetric complications. However, the interplay between the vaginal microbiome and the microbiome in other body sites is not yet described. In addition, fluctuating endogenous sex hormones may exert an effect on microbiome composition and are markedly changed by hormonal contraception . This study includes a cohort of 160 healthy young Caucasian women using three different contraceptive regimens: non-hormonal methods, combined oral contraceptive (COC) or levonorgestrel intra-uterine system (LNG-IUS ) . The oral, vaginal, rectal and faecal microbiome s are characterized by shot gun sequencing during each phase of the menstrual cycle (menses, follicular and luteal phases). Results: The use of COC and LNG-IUS do not affect the microbiome composition or diversity . However , an increased diversity in the vaginal microbiome is observed during menses , followed by a subsequent expansion of Lactobacillus during the follicular and luteal phase s which correlate s with measured serum oestradiol levels (r = 0.11, p<0.001) . During menses 89 women (58%) ha ve a dysbiotic vaginal microbiome with less than 60% Lactobacillus spp . This decline s to 49 (32%) in the follicular phase (p = 1.3E-5) and 44 (29%) in the luteal phase (p = 4.6E-7) . During menses, bacterial richness and diversity in saliva reach its lowest while no difference is observed in the faecal microbiome . T he microbiome in different body sites is on average more similar within the same individual than between individuals , despite phase or hormonal treatment . Only the vagina present s a clear cluster structure with dominance of either Lactobacillus crispatus , Lactobacillus iners , Gardnerella vaginalis or Prevotella spp. Conclusions: The use of COC or LNG-IUS is not associated with changes of the healthy female microbiome except for increased stability in the vagina in LNG-IUS users . Body site is the main driver of the microbiome, including a clear difference between faecal and rectal samples. The menstrual cycle is a confounding factor for microbiome composition in both saliva and the vagina and should be considered when analysing the microbiome in women of reproductive age.