bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anemia, Hepcidin, and Vitamin D in Healthy Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study
Authors: Koren Yael , Lubetzky Ronit , Mandel Dror , Ovental Amit , Deutsch Varda , Hadanny Amir , Moran-Lev Hadar 
Published: May 2021

Objective The etiology of anemia in premature neonates is multifactorial and may involve anemia of inflammation mediated by hepcidin. Hepcidin expression is suppressed by vitamin D. We aimed to investigate the interrelationship between hepcidin, anemia, and vitamin D status in preterm infants.
Study Design Preterm infants aged 1 to 5 weeks were prospectively recruited at the neonatal intensive care unit of the Dana Dwek Children Hospital. Blood counts and serum levels of hepcidin, ferritin, iron, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured and compared between anemic and nonanemic preterm infants.
Results Forty-seven preterm infants (mean ± standard deviation gestational age at birth 32.8 ± 1.1 weeks, 66% males) were recruited. In total, 36% of the preterm infants were vitamin D deficient [25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL] and 15% were anemic. Hepcidin levels were significantly higher in anemic premature infants than in the nonanemic group (55.3 ± 23.9 ng/mL vs. 30.1 ± 16.3 ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.05). No differences were found in iron, ferritin, 25(OH)D, and CRP levels between anemic and nonanemic premature newborn infants. A positive correlation was found between hepcidin and ferritin (R
2 = 0.247, p = 0.02) and a negative correlation was found between 25(OH)D and CRP (R
2 = 0.1, p = 0.04). No significant correlations were found between 25(OH)D and hepcidin, iron, ferritin, or CRP.
Conclusion Anemia of prematurity was associated with high hepcidin serum levels. The exact mechanisms leading to anemia and the role of vitamin D warrant further investigation.
Key Points
Membrane fusion and drug delivery with carbon nanotube porins
Authors: Ho Nga T. , Siggel Marc , Camacho Karen V. , Bhaskara Ramachandra M. , Hicks Jacqueline M. , Yao Yun-Chiao , Zhang Yuliang , Köfinger Jürgen , Hummer Gerhard , Noy Aleksandr 
Published: May 2021

Significance
The plasma membrane protects cell content from the outer environment. Overcoming this obstacle and delivering drugs efficiently into cells still remain a major hurdle for modern pharmacology and medicine. We developed and demonstrated a simple nanomaterial platform—a dimer of small-diameter carbon nanotube porins (CNTPs)—which functions as a potent membrane fusogen. Molecular simulations revealed a distinct fusion mechanism. CNTP-studded vesicles loaded with a chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin, delivered the drug to cancer cells, killing a majority of them. Our work provides new opportunities for understanding membrane fusion mechanisms, designing synthetic fusogens, and developing simple and efficient drug carriers for delivery of therapeutics and vaccines.
Anatomy of strike-slip fault tsunami genesis
Authors: Elbanna Ahmed , Abdelmeguid Mohamed , Ma Xiao , Amlani Faisal , Bhat Harsha S. , Synolakis Costas , Rosakis Ares J. 
Published: May 2021

Significance
Our work has uncovered unexpected potential for strike-slip faults to generate devastating tsunamis, without necessarily triggering coseismic underwater landslides or slumps with their associated wave generation. This is a previously unrecognized hazard for coastal cities worldwide. The risk is higher for supershear earthquakes, as in the 1999 Izmit and the 2018 Palu events, which may be the case for an earthquake rupturing the northern segment of the San Andreas Fault.
Developing parking queue monitoring system using Wireless Sensor Network and RFID technology
Authors: Santoso Banu , Sari Marti Widya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Parking areas in urban centers are increasingly limited, but not in line with technological developments in addressing the problem of parking service needs in the urban public service center by implementing smart city technology. Many times the parking service waiting time is too long, due to a complicated procedure. Waiting time for services that are too long makes the parking queue increase in length, especially when registering for the end of a new parking lot. Besides, the storage of visitors’ parking slip accumulation is still manual and not paperless. Therefore, in this study, a solution was proposed in the form of a system to accelerate administrative services for parking visitors by integrating Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies. This system utilizes the database so that the results of data processing can be used by management to obtain visitor data information on parking online and quickly. The results obtained from this study are a prototype of a parking visitor monitoring system using WSN technology based on Zigbee and RFID protocols. Meanwhile, the results of visitor parking information presented in data processing can be used by management to find out statistical data relating to parking services.
Analysis Creative Thinking Ability and Scientific Communication in HOTS Learning Using Whatsapp Media
Authors: Ahmad Deni Nasir , Karim Abdul , Zulkarnain Ihwan , Ati Aster Pujaning , Nusantari Diah Oga 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The purpose of knowing whenever the achievement of HOT learning through WhatsApp media is to measure the ability to communicate scientifically and think creatively in solving problems related to current problems related to the Covid-19 outbreak in the Population and Environmental Education (PKLH) course. The method used in quantitative research. Where a sample of 30 students in the even academic year 2019/2020 in the physics education study program, Indraprasta PGRI University. The results of the study were students’ communication skills at good stages which were 63.3 percent of all existing activities, discussion and reporting of activity results. This is in line with the results of research which explained that the ability to communicate using blended learning and Inquiry will produce scientific communication with an increase above the average learning rate which previously increased by 9% to 15% at the level of each indicator of the student’s creative thinking ability test at good or moderate stages with an average of 63% to 73% based on an indicator of test ability. The conclusion in this research is HOT learning with whatsapp media in the experiment, the ability to communicate scientifically and the ability to think creatively has a positive or good change.
Determinant factors of extraordinary elementary school teacher professionalism
Authors: Kurniawan Wahyu , Su’ad  , Sukirman  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of education, training, and teaching experience on the professionalism of Extraordinary Elementary School teachers in Kudus Regency. This research is an explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The research subjects were 63 SDLB teachers in Kudus Regency. The sampling technique was carried out by total sampling. The method of collecting data using a questionnaire. Data analysis using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that education, training and teaching experience had a significant effect on the professionalism of Extraordinary Elementary School teachers in Kudus Regency. The coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.687 shows that the influence of education, training and teaching experience on teacher professionalism is 68.7%. Teaching experience has the greatest influence on teacher professionalism.
Development of social studies teaching materials based on local wisdom of the Samin Society Class V Elementary School
Authors: Nurhamid H , Murtono  , Utaminingsih S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to describe the needs of teachers and students for samin society-based learning materials social study class V elementary school, and to analyzing the effectiveness. This research is a development research that uses ten steps, namely analysis of potentials and problems, gathering information, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, product revision, and use trial, final product revision and dissemination. The practicality test and effectiveness test were conducted on 74 grade 5 students as the experimental class. Data collection used teaching material assessment sheets, practicality questionnaires, and tests of students’ cognitive learning outcomes. Data analysis techniques used validation sheet analysis, practicality questionnaire analysis, teacher and student response questionnaires, and t-test acquisition analysis to determine the effectiveness of samin society-based teaching materials social study. Teaching materials developed with effectiveness data which were then analyzed by normality test, test homogeneity, t test. The results of the t test obtained the value of t = 3.796. The t table value for df = 80 with a significant level of 5% is known to be 1.988. The conclusion is that social studies teaching materials assisted by local wisdom of the samin society are effective in improving social learning outcomes in elementary schools.
Mechanical Properties of Silver Nanoparticles Induced Europium Doped Phosphate Glasses for Red Laser Application
Authors: Danmallam I.M. , Bakhtiar H , Salim A.A. , Bulus I , Ghoshal S K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Magnesium-zinc-sulfophosphate glasses with varying concentration of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) composition of 63.5P2O5–20MgO–15ZnSO4–1.5Eu2O3–zAgNps (z = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7,0.9 and 1.1 g in excess) was prepared using melt-quenching technique. The as-Quenched glass samples were characterised to ascertain the correlation between physical and mechanical characteristics. The enhanced Young’s, shear, and bulk modulus of glasses noted a comparative rise in AgNPs contents. The Poisson’s ratio improved from (0.0978 to 0.1416) while Vickers hardness (from 0.0658 to 0. 0.0682 GPa) as well as GC12 (from 0.8350 to 0.8916) were enhanced. Photoluminescence spectra (emission) of the glasses showed four peaks at 593, 613, 654, and 701 nm equivalent to 5D0→7F0, 5D0→7F2, 5D0→7F3, and 5D0→7F4 transitions in europium in which the intense peak was observed at 613 nm (red). High Quantum Efficiency (η = 97.9%) was achieved due to significant PL enhancement. The studied glass may be useful for the development of red laser
Aluminum Doping Contents Dependent Photoluminescence and Resistivity of ZnO Nanofilms
Authors: Al-Asedy H.J. , Al-khafaji S.A. , Salim A. A. , Bakhtiar H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Using sol–gel spin-coating technique Al-doped ZnO nanofilms (AZONFs) were made on Si(100) substrates and characterized. The obtained nanofilms were annealed at 500 °C for 3 h in air. The effects of changing Al doping level (0 to 5 at%) on the structures, morphologies, electrical and photoluminescence characteristics of the nanofilms were evaluated. The XRD patterns of the AZONFs confirmed the formation of wurtzite hexagonal ZnO lattice with preferred growth along (101) lattice plane. In addition, the c-axis orientation of the AZONFs became weaker with the increase in Al doping contents. The surface morphologies, structures, electrical and optical properties of the AZONFs were found to be very sensitive to the Al contents changes. The nanofilm prepared with 1 at% of Al displayed lowest resistivity of 4.238 × 10−3 Ω.cm measured by the four-point probe method. The optical band gap energy (increased from 3.22 to 3.304 eV) and carrier mobility of the AZONFs were improved with the increase in Al contents. The proposed AZONFs may be advantageous for various high performance optoelectronic device applications.
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopic Investigation and Discrimination of Sabah’s Pearl
Authors: Roslan M S , Rizvi S Z H , Razak S N A , Rosley R , Adnan N N , Hamzah M Q , Ali A H , Agam A 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNatural pearls have different composition that give them specific properties such as colour, lustre effect and can be classified based on differentiation of various constituents such as crystal phase and the presence of various minerals. The aim of this study was to develop a fast, simple, and non-destructive method for discrimination of the popular Sabah’s pearl that commonly used for bracelet, earring, and necklace. In order to discriminate pearls of different colours, emission spectroscopic method, namely laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) complimented with principal component analysis (PCA) was used. PCA model showed that the first principal component explained 96.44% of the total variance. Calcium, Mercury, and Barium elements mainly deexcited at wavelength 600 to 900 nm attributing to the most effective variables for PC1 while Manganese, and Silicon content were useful in defining PC2. PCA demonstrated clear clustering of pearl samples of different colors. Thus, became a major indicator for successful discrimination of natural pearls of various colors using LIBS spectral data. We can confidently say that this can be made available to use by gems industry for performing a fast quality control of inflowing raw organogenic gems.
Pulsed Laser Performance of Erbium Doped Fiber Laser Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles as Saturable Absorber
Authors: Johari AR , Krishnan G , Bakhtiar H , Sapingi HHJ 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, titanium dioxide TiO2 nanoparticles embedded in thin composite film was used as saturable absorber (SA) in erbium doped fiber (EDF) laser. The thin film was prepared by mixing TiO2 nanoparticles with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as host. Upon inserting the SA in a laser cavity, the output spectrum shifts to 1533.4 nm from 1563.8 nm. The laser performance was evaluated in the pump power range of 76 mW – 131 mW. The repetition rate of the mode-locked pulses was 989.0 kHz with a pulse width of 1.26 ps measured. The slope efficiency of the system is 8.58%. Maximum average power and peak power generated from the laser is 11.69 mW and 9.41 kW, respectively. This work explored the potential of TiO2-PVA thin film as saturable absorber for 1.5 μm laser system.
Interpreting the G-code of drilling machining to use in open CNC controller machine
Authors: Hatem Noor , Yusof Yusri , Kadir Aini Zuhra A , Latif Kamran , Mohammed M A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Computer numerical control (CNC) software is the “brain” of a machine tool as it controls the machine tool’s movement. The development of open CNC controller systems is one of the most popular topics in the last three decades due to the current CNC remains exclusive and costly. However, there is no open-source system that can use with an open CNC controller. In this developed system, the drilling G-code was analyzed to extract the points before simulating and sending it to any open CNC controller machine. Among the machining processes used most extensively is drilling. The used modules and functions are created by LabVIEW. The results show the system’s extracted points are similar to the draw drilling point in Solid work.
Gold-Nanoparticle Synthesization In Gum Arabic Solution By Pulsed Laser Ablation
Authors: Desa Nur Dayana Md , Duralim Maisarah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Green synthesis of nanoparticles is crucial to effectively reduce the risk to the environment by eradicating hazardous components that are harmful to human health. The broad complications such as aggregation and oxidation of nanoparticles will potentially limit their usage. Gum Arabic (GA) has attained decent attention due to less toxicity and bio-compatibility with metals. Gold-nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have several applications in diagnosing cancer, targeted delivery of drugs and in cancer treatment. This project is conducted by synthesizing Au-NPs in GA solution via pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique at varied laser fluences. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with wavelength of 1064 nm was focused using a lens with a focal length of 80 mm to ablate a gold plate immersed in GA solution. Four different laser fluences were tested. The laser fluences were 0.203, 0.214, 0.250 and 0.272 J. The Au-NPs synthesized in the GA solution were then characterized using photoluminescene (PL) and UV-Visible double beam spectrometer (UV-Vis). The highest laser fluence has shown the highest intensity while the wavelength of all peaks is the same indicating the same nanomaterials being synthesized in each sample. The UV-Vis spectra indicated that the absorbance increases as the holding time is prolonged. It is believed that the formation of Au-NPs is a nucleating process and followed by a growing process.
Naked Eye Colorimetric Glucose Detection Using Microplate Reader
Authors: Azahan Siti Nurul Fatihah , Nasir Mohd Hamzah Mohd , Salleh Mohd Hazimin Mohd 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Diabetes in general can be classified as Type 1, Type 2, gestational diabetes mellitus that occur during pregnancy, and specific types of diabetes due to certain health condition. Monitoring glucose level is crucial in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, especially among diabetic patients. Today, researchers looking for a less painful, cheap, and user-friendly noninvasive method to monitor the body glucose level. One of the promising approaches is sweat based glucose detection. In order to calibrate the sensing device, we determined the limit of detection of the glucose concentration in sweat liquid by the well-established enzymatic reaction. This paper will discuss the utilisation of a microplate reader to measure the sensitivity of the chromogenic change in reaction. 50μL of glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOD-POD) enzyme and 1.67μL glucose sample with different concentrations were mixed in 96 well flat bottom microplate, and the absorbance were detected by using a microplate reader. The absorbance value was used to calculate the concentration. The calculated concentration was compared with the known concentration. From the experimental procedure, the results showed the consistency of calculated and known concentration and R2 = 0.9995
Free-Base Porphyrins as Chemical Probes for Heavy Metal Ions Detection
Authors: Mohamad F , Ami A A , Aziz M S Abd 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Heavy metals are one of the major contaminants in water. They come from various human activities which include mining, smelting, and industrial discharge to name a few. Heavy metals pose a toxic danger to human beings even at their minute concentration. Current methods of detection suffer from numerous limitations such as complicated sample preparation, high cost of instruments, and the need for professional chemists. These challenges make them unsuitable for in situ and real-time monitoring of samples. Fluorescence spectroscopy has emerged as an alternative for sensing applications. They have high sensitivity, good selectivity, and only require small amounts of fluorescent probes. In this study, free base porphyrins were selected as a fluorescent chemical probe to detect the presence of commonly discharge heavy metals – lead (Pb2+) ions and nickel (Ni2+) ions. Solution-based assay and fluorescent measurements were used throughout the study. From the fluorescent analysis, porphyrins showed more selective and sensitivity towards Pb2+ ions. The study also investigated the photostability of porphyrins when porphyrins solutions were put under ambiance light conditions. This solution-based assay fluorescent measurement shows promising potential application of porphyrins to be used as chemical probes on another sensor medium such as on optical fibre and thin film study.
In Vitro Effects of Low Level Laser Irradiation on Blood Protein
Authors: Suardi N , Sing H C , Gemanam S J , Ong E B B , Pei W Z 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Blood proteins serve mostly as drug’s transporters and play a crucial role in laser therapeutic purposes. Its low level laser irradiation (LLLI) reveals the mechanisms for the efficacy of antiviral therapy. This research work is interested in elucidating protein (ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen (α-chain), complement C2, albumin, and α-1-antitrypsin) level perturbation by single (single exposure) and multiple exposures (fractionation) LLLI. Protein level after LLLI reveals protein behaviour essential for progression of laser therapy used in protein-related pathologies. Whole blood (mixed with EDTA) irradiation performed with diode laser (λ = 405 nm). Optical microscope and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used for RBC morphology image acquisition and semi-quantification of protein level respectively. Our results showe that crenated RBC has minimal effect on protein level perturbation for dose between 32.59 J/cm2 and 130.35 J/cm2, single exposure has an overall increased protein level for all five proteins at dose 130.35 J/cm2, and multiple exposures has an overall decreased protein level for all five proteins at dose 97.77 J/cm2. Optical density change was seen most in fibrinogen (α-chain) and least in albumin for single (fibrinogen (α-chain): 423 %; albumin: 59 %) and multiple exposures (fibrinogen (α-chain): -71 %; albumin: -30 %). A large variation in protein level perturbation for high molecular weight proteins, while slight variation for low molecular weight proteins were also observed for single exposure at dose 130.35 J/cm2 (except α-1-antitrypsin at 32.59 J/cm2). This data provides evidence of the biostimulation effects of low level laser irradiation on blood proteins and the 2 hours’ adequate incubation time for decreasing protein level.
Effect of Calcination Temperature on Structure of Mesoporous Borosilicate Bioglass
Authors: Md Zain S K , Sazali E S , Mohd-Noor F , Yaacob S N S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recently, most researchers have been focusing on the development of the mesoporous bioactive glasses for medical application. These materials are capable for bone tissue (soft and hard) regeneration and the delivery of bio-responsive active therapeutic molecules such as drug, proteins, nucleic acids, and peptides. However, the structure properties of the mesoporous bioactive glass are easily been controlled with a small change of calcination temperature during the sample preparation. In this perception, a series of mesoporous borosilicate bioactive glasses (MBBGs) with the composition of 10B2O -70SiO2 -15CaO- 5P2O5 were prepared using the combination of sol-gel and evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) and characterised. The calcination temperature of the bioactive glass preparation was controlled with varied temperature of 400°C, 500°C, 600°C and 700°C. The amorphous nature of the prepared samples were confirmed using XRD pattern. The EDX and FTIR spectra shows a small amount of carbon trapping inside the sample is increases with the increased of calcination temperature. All MBBGs samples show a ratio of Si-O-NBO and Si-O-Si (sym) bigger than 1. It is established that the structure of the mesoporous borosilicate bioactive glass can be tailored by controlling the calcination temperature.