bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De-noising of EEG Signals With Shift Based Cycle Spinning on Wave Atoms
Authors: Rao M. Purnachandra , R E. Srinivasa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To predict our brain disorders, EEG signals need to be analyzed. However, most EEG signals were affected by different kinds of noise during their acquision. So, signal analysis become most difficult due to the contamination of various noise. An appropriate technique is necessary to remove the noise from the signal. Wavelet Transform is one the most widely used technique for removing the noise from EEG signals. Wave atom is one of the new multiscale-multidirectional transforms, which is better than both wavelet as well as curvelet transforms. This wave atom transform has good orientation characteristic by which it preserves the edges in an efficient manner. This paper introduced a new method for denoising of EEG signal by shift-based cycle spinning on wave atom transform. Cycle spinning is a technique can be used to enhance the capability of wave atoms. An original EEG signals from public EEG database were used for this experiment. The results are analysed based on the performance measurements like SNR and MSE. The experimental results show that cycle spinning technique with appropriate shifts could be the better choice to denoise an EEG signals.
Validation of the BESTest for Measuring Balance in People With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Hoseinpour Fatemeh , Valipour Mozhgan , Hosseinzadeh Samaneh , Taghadosi Hossein , Stuart Samuel , Haghgoo Hojjat Allah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Evaluation of balance disorders and differentiation of the populations with deficits is necessary for treatment and rehabilitation. The BESTest is used to evaluate balance and posture in various populations and has been shown to distinguish between different neurological populations. This study investigated the validity of the BESTest in measuring balance in the people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with 34 participants including 17 PwMS (42.64 ±7.8 years old, score 1-5 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale) and 17 healthy controls (42.33±8.65 years old). After a comprehensive medical history, subjective clinical balance assessment (via BESTest) was performed. Then objective measures of balance domains of Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs) and Sensory Orientation were assessed using a force plate, with sway, velocity and the area of sway outcomes calculated. Correlations between the subjective and objective measures of balance were computed. Results: The anterior-posterior and the medio-lateral sway, sway velocity in the AP direction, and area of displacement were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.005). Significant correlations were found between the BESTest scores with anterior-posterior and medio-lateral sway, sway velocity in anterior-posterior direction, and area of displacement in anterior-posterior direction (p<0.005). Conclusions: Results indicated that the BESTest assessment tool has a high accuracy and sensitivity to assess balance function in PwMS. It can be used as an outcome measure to test postural balance disorders in these people.
Seismic performance of steel moment and hinged frames with rocking shear walls
Authors: Piri Mehrdad , Massumi Ali 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The addition of a rocking structural system will soften the connection between a foundation and superstructure and help the beam-column connections to become softer than typical ones. These structures, with the addition of rocking structural systems, follow the elastic gap opening mechanism to soften the structural seismic response. Post-tensioned energy dissipating devices and dampers are used in rocking systems to enable the structure to return to its initial position (self-centering) and to dissipate seismic energy, respectively. The current study investigated the use of a rocking shear wall system in steel moment-resistant and hinged frames and determined the amount of damage and the economic effects on the structures. For this purpose, 3D models of 3-, 9-, and 20-story SAC-project steel frames were modeled and validated according to FEMA-355C and then a hybrid rocking shear wall was added to them. The structures were designed and modeled according to common seismic codes and were analyzed using nonlinear time history when subjected to a series of records from FEMA-355C. The results showed that the use of a hinged frame attached to a rocking concrete shear wall (HFR) increased the fundamental period and inter-story displacement and decreased the amount of steel used in the 3-, 9-, and 20-story models compared to similar models with fixed connections in moment frames (MFR). The HFR shear wall models exhibited better seismic performance than MFR models, which increased their load-bearing capacity and reduced their weight, which reduced construction costs.
Altered Expressions of CXCR4 and CD26 On T-Helper Lymphocytes in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
Authors: GUILHEM Alexandre , Portalès Pierre , Dupuis-Girod Sophie , Rivière Sophie , Vincent Thierry 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare genetic disease characterized by a deregulated neo-angiogenesis. Besides a mainly vascular phenotype (telangiectasia, arteriovenous malformations), patients exhibit a specific infectious risk and a deficit of T and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes. As the CXCR4/CXCL12 chemotactic axis is dysregulated in HHT endothelial cells, we hypothesized that a similar phenomenon could occur on lymphocytes.Results: Eighteen HHT patients with history of severe infection (HSI) were matched in age and sex with 18 HHT without HSI and 18 healthy control subjects (HC). We assessed the cell count and the surface expression of CXCR4 and CD26 (CXCL12 inactivating peptidase) of circulating helper and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (including naive, memory and activated subsets) and NK cells.The overall HHT group of 36 patients exhibited a reduction of circulating T-helper lymphocytes compared to HC (median: 517 vs 1026 cells/mm3, p<0.0001), correlated with age (r=-0.46, p=0.005), requirement of intravenous iron or blood transfusions (median: 291 vs 627 cells/mm3, p=0.03) and CXCR4 surface expression (r=0.353, p=0.0345). CXCR4 and CD26 membrane expression were both decreased on HHT T-helper lymphocytes (median MFI ratio: 4.49 vs 5.74 for CXCR4 and 3.21 vs 4.33 for CD26, p=0.03 and 0.0018 respectively) with an unchanged CXCR4/CD26 ratio. The HHT group with HSI had a higher CXCR4/CD26 ratio on the naive T-helper lymphocytes (median: 2.34 vs 1.32, p=0.0002), also observed on the T and T-helper populations.Conclusions: Our findings support a dysregulation of the CXCL12/CXCR4 chemotaxis of T-helper lymphocytes in HHT patients, potentially linked to their T-helper lymphopenia and susceptibility to infection.
Implementation of An Intravitreal Therapy Online Audit Tool For Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration Clinical Outcomes Reporting: Fight Retinal Blindness Spain (FRB-Spain) Project
Authors: Parrado-Carrillo Alba , Figueras-Roca Marc , Casaroli-Marano Ricardo P. , Nguyen Vuong , Barthelmes Daniel , Gillies Mark C. , Zarranz-Ventura Javier 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To implement an intravitreal therapy audit tool for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) outcome reporting in a tertiary referral center. Methods: Implementation of an online audit tool (Fight Retinal Blindness platform) for nAMD eyes receiving anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) intravitreal therapy over a 24-month follow-up period. Data entry was compliant with the ICHOM dataset for nAMD. These data included visual acuity (VA), eye conditions, injection drug and number of injections. Subgroup analysis was performed for treatment-naive (TN) and previously treated (PT) eyes. Results: 234 eyes (191 patients) were included in the study. No significant differences were observed in the subgroup analysis in mean baseline VA (logMAR letters: 58.8 TN vs 62.7 PT, p= 0.081) or final VA at 12 months (TN 61.4 vs PT 62.4; p= 0.703). However, 12 months median VA change favoured TN cases (+4 TN vs +0 PT, p= 0.010) and median number of injections showed no differences (7 TN vs 7 PT, p= 0.644). No statistically significant differences were found at two years on number of injections even though mean final VA showed significant differences (66 TN vs 59.5 PT, p = 0.032) and VA change favoured the TN group (+2.4 TN vs - 4.6 PT, p= 0.003).Conclusion: We have successfully implemented an online tool to evaluate nAMD anti-VEGF treatment delivered in our center. This feasibility study demonstrates that the online audit tool allows evaluating real world intravitreal therapy outcomes and benchmark these results with clinical practice guidelines and other real-life series.
Cost-Effectiveness of Autism Diagnostic Based on Genetic Testing
Authors: Rudolph-Rothfeld Wolfgang , Vonthein Reinhard 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable polygenetic disorder with several degrees of handicap.Novel genetic diagnostics for Autism Spectrum Disorder promise an earlier diagnosis than psychometric diagnostics, but their cost-effectiveness is unproven.Objective: To model the clinical pathway from diagnosis to early intervention (EI) and outcome in scenarios with genetic diagnostics compared to just psychometric diagnosis that follows a current guideline (Status Quo). Methods: Early diagnosis based on genetic testing leads to more intensive and effective early intervention. Future scenarios assume genetic screening(Screening), genetic testing on request(GenADD), or genetic testing in cases with a family history of ASD(Predisposition). Simulations on Markov models using software TreeAge v. 2018 and parameters found in the literature. The time horizon reached from birth to the 15th year of life with cycle length 1 year. The models were stratified by autism severity, i.e. IQ initially below 70 or above. Effectiveness was both, dependency free life years (DFLY) gained by correct diagnosis and successful treatment, and the number of diagnosed patients that became independent after treatment. We choose the insurance view. Just direct costs for diagnostics and treatment were considered. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) explore assumptions of different parameters, like the sensitivity of the genetic test, using the precisions stated in the literature or possible future developments. Results: Status Quo is the most cost-effective scenario with the current parameter values. The other scenarios follow in the order of Predisposition, GenADD, and Screening. All scenarios with genetic tests have a higher number of detection than Status Quo. Intensified early intervention may be cost effective with horizon 67 years. The currently high false positive rate of genetic testing might be detrimental to that. Discussion: Low precision of published parameter estimates led to wide confidence intervals for our estimates of cost-effectiveness. Our model shows that Screening and GenADD should not be an option for inaccurate genetic tests. Once they are more accurate, the potential of early intervention may unfold.Conclusion: Further evaluations with better data need to underpin the current results.
Reversal of Haloperidol-Induced Orofacial Dyskinesia and Neuroinflammation by Isoflavones
Authors: Mezzomo Natália Fernandes , Schmitz Izaviani da Silva , de Lima Valtieri Bortoluzzi , Dorneles Gilson Pires , Schaffer Larissa Finger , Boeck Carina Rodrigues , Romao Pedro Roosevelt Torres , Peroza Luis Ricardo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness, and its pharmacological treatment consists in the administration of antipsychotics, such as haloperidol. However, treatment with haloperidol often causes extrapyramidal motor disorders such as tardive dyskinesia (TD). TD is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary movements, which can be studied in animals. So far, there is no effective treatment for TD and alternatives have been sought. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the possible protective effect of isoflavones against the induction of involuntary movements induced by haloperidol in an animal model. Male Wistars rats were treated with haloperidol (1 mg/ kg/day) and/or isoflavones (80 mg/kg) for 28 days. Rats were submitted to behavioral evaluation to quantify vacuous chewing movements (VCM) and the locomotor activity. In addition, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured in the striatum. Haloperidol treatment reduced the locomotor activity and increased the number of VCM in rats. Co-treatment with isoflavones was able to reverse hypolocomotion and reduce the number of VCM to the levels of the control group. Besides, haloperidol caused significant increase in the proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β:IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α:TNF-a and IL-6 and the co-treatment with isoflavones was able to reduce the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, but not IL-6. It is believed that the beneficial effect found with this treatment is related to their anti-inflammatory potential and also to the action on estrogen receptors (based on findings in the scientific literature). Finally, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of isoflavones in reducing motor disorders induced by antipsychotic.
Dealing with the Heterogeneous Presentations of Freezing of Gait: How Reliable are the Freezing Index and Heart Rate for Freezing Detection?
Authors: Cockx Helena , Nonnekes Jorik , Bloem Bastiaan , Wezel Richard van , Cameron Ian , Wang Ying 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Freezing of gait (FOG) is an unpredictable gait arrest that hampers the lives of 40% of people with Parkinson’s disease. Because the symptom is heterogeneous in phenotypical presentation (it can present as trembling, shuffling, or akinesia) and manifests during various circumstances (it can be triggered by e.g. turning, passing doors, and dual-tasking), it is particularly difficult to detect with motion sensors. The freezing index (FI) is one of the most frequently used accelerometer-based methods for FOG detection. However, it might not adequately distinguish FOG from voluntary stops, certainly for the akinetic type of FOG. Interestingly, a previous study showed that heart rate signals could distinguish FOG from stopping and turning movements. This study aimed to investigate for which phenotypes and evoking circumstances the FI and heart rate might provide reliable signals for FOG detection.Methods: Sixteen people with Parkinson’s disease and daily freezing completed a gait trajectory designed to provoke FOG including turns, narrow passages, starting, and stopping, with and without a cognitive or motor dual-task. We compared the FI and heart rate of 406 FOG events to baseline levels, and to stopping and normal gait events (i.e. turns and narrow passages without FOG) using mixed-effects models. We specifically evaluated the influence of different types of FOG (trembling vs akinesia) and triggering situations (turning vs narrow passages; no dual-task vs cognitive dual-task vs motor dual-task) on both outcome measures. Results: The FI increased significantly for trembling FOG, but not for akinetic FOG. Furthermore, the index increased similarly during stopping and was therefore not significantly different from FOG. In contrast, heart rate change during FOG was for all types and during all triggering situations statistically different from stopping, but not from normal gait events. Conclusion: The FI has issues to distinguish FOG from voluntary stopping, especially of the akinetic type. In contrast, the clear distinction in heart rate change between FOG and voluntary stops, which was independent of the heterogeneous presentation of FOG, might provide a solution for this issue. Therefore, we suggest that combining a heart rate monitor with a motion sensor may be promising for future FOG detection.
Generalized Muscle Quality Loss as a Risk Factor for Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Single-Center, Observational Study
Authors: Chino Yoko , Inoue Daisuke , Yamamoto Makoto , Onuma Toshimichi , Yoshida Yoshio 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Among the physiological changes associated with aging, myopenia due to increased amounts of fatty tissue in muscles and loss of muscle mass have recently gained attention. This study retrospectively examined the relationship between generalized muscle quality and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Participants comprised 25 patients between 40 and 79 years old showing a Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system stage of 3 or higher who underwent surgery between 2017 and 2019. Control cases comprised 23 patients with benign gynecological diseases who underwent surgery without POP. CT performed within 3 months before surgery was used to measure muscle mass. Smooth muscle index (SMI) was significantly higher in the POP group than in the non-POP group (p = 0.017), and muscle mass was rather large in the POP group. Comparing the POP and non-POP groups, both subcutaneous and visceral fat accumulation were significantly higher in the POP group (p = 0.03, p = 0.002 respectively). Conversely, intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC), indicating lower muscle quality, was significantly higher in the POP group (p = 0.024). Multivariate analysis revealed BMI and number of deliveries, but not IMAC, as significant independent risk factors of POP. Although not an independent risk factor, decreased muscle quality was involved in the pathophysiology of POP.
The Role of PAX2 in Breast Cancer: A Study Based on Bioinformatics Analysis and in Vitro Validation
Authors: Yang Shan , Gao Wei , Wang Haoqi , Zhang Xi , Mi Yunzhe , Ding Yawen , Geng Cuizhi , Li Sainan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women and is the second most common cancer among newly diagnosed cancers worldwide. Studies have shown that paired box 2 (PAX2) participates in the tumorigenesis of some cancer cells. However, the functions of PAX2 in the BC context are still unclear.Methods: Transcriptome expression proﬁles and clinicopathological information of BC were download from the TCGA database. Then the expression level and prognostic value in TCGA database were explored. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and functional enrichment analysis were performed to investigate the functions and pathways of PAX2. Moreover, RT-qPCR was used to determine the expression of PAX2 in BC tissues, and the predictive value of PAX2 in clinical samples was assessed. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate cell growth. The migration and invasion capacities of cells were assessed by wound healing assay and Transwell assay.Results: PAX2 was up-regulated in the TCGA-BC datasets. GSEA analysis suggested that PAX2 might be involved in the regulation of MAPK signaling pathways and so on. Moreover, PAX2 was overexpressed in BC tissues, and PAX2 expression was associated with menopause. PAX2 deficiency could inhibit the growth, migration, and invasion of BC cells.Conclusion: This study suggested that PAX2 was up-regulated in BC, which inhibited BC cell growth, migration, and invasion. Thus, PAX2 could be a potential therapeutic target for BC.
Adsorption Behavior of an Adamantane Derivative on Metal Clusters – DFT Simulation Studies
Authors: Al-Otaibi Jamelah S. , Mary Y. Sheena , Mary Y. Shyma 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Investigation of the adsorption properties of 3-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-phenyl-1-[(4-phenylpiperazin-yl)methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione (APT) with metal clusters (mC: Ag, Au and Cu) are reported using DFT method. APT is found to form stable cluster with transition metal clusters of copper, silver and gold. The drug-cluster complexation energy is slightly more for the gold nanocluster-drug complex. Dipole moment of the drug-gold cluster is found to be higher than that of the other systems. SERS studies demonstrate improved Raman signals for multiple wavenumbers of all APT-metal cluster complexes. Different spectroscopic, chemical and electronic properties are also investigated.
Decolorization of Congo red in Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Priyanka K , sheela A.merline , R ILAMATHI 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this research, three individual conditions (static, shaking and MFC) were tested for Congo Red decolorization. P.aeruginosa MTCC 2582 has showed 96.1% decolourization under MFC condition with 85% COD reduction for the dye (100 µM). Microbial fuel cell of P.aeruginosa can discharge the dual duty of degrading the recalcitrant dye with power generation. To understand the influence the growth curve, different substrate concentration of glucose (0-20 g/L) were selected to improve the performance of MFC. Results show that a larger open circuit potential of 0.691 V and a maximum power density of 1.9 mW m-2 was possessed for the degradation of 100 µM of dye at 10 g/L of glucose concentration. Further, the selection of optimum concentration of dye (200 µM) increased the open circuit potential to 0.844 V. The degraded metabolites were confirmed using UV-Vis and FTIR analysis. Biofilm formation on anode at optimal glucose concentration was studied by using SEM analysis.
Treatment Satisfaction Among Clients Enrolled in Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) Program in Myanmar: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tun Sun , Vicknasingam B. , Singh Darshan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo address the long-standing opioid abuse problem, Myanmar has established the methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program in 2006. This study aims to determine client’s treatment satisfaction towards MMT program in Myanmar. MethodA total of 210 clients who have registered in MMT program with a minimum of six-month treatment history were recruited for this cross-sectional study across Myanmar. The Verona Service Satisfaction Scale for Methadone-Treatment (VSSS-MT) was administered to objectively measure methadone treatment satisfaction. ResultThe majority (89%, n=186) were satisfied with the current methadone treatment program. Specifically, 89.5% (n=187) claimed to be highly satisfied with the clinic staff professional skills (e.g. doctor, nurse, etc.), (91.9%, n=192) satisfied with the basic interventions (instruction between visits, side-effects etc.), and (74.6%, n=156) satisfied with specific interventions (e.g. individual rehabilitation and psychotherapy, group therapy etc.) categories. Among the different characteristics of the respondents, higher quality of life on physical, psychological, social and environmental categories, respondents who satisfied on current marital status and current leisure status, respondents who were on alcohol were associated with higher treatment satisfaction on methadone (p<0.05). The result of stepwise binary logistic regression showed alcohol use and physical health had significantly association with treatment satisfaction.ConclusionDespite the high methadone treatment satisfaction, treatment providers must make an attempt to address service limitations in order to maintain clients’ participation in MMT program especially for specific intervention categories (e.g. individual rehabilitation and psychotherapy, group therapy etc).