bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Onset of psychiatric signs and impaired neurocognitive domains in inherited metabolic disorders: A case series
Authors: Medjkane François , Bohet Marine , Ister Marielle , Cohen David , Parenti Aesa , Janati Majda , Mention Karine , Dobbelaere Dries , Jardri Renaud 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) can present with psychiatric signs that vary widely from one disease to another. This picture is further complicated by the fact that these features occur at very different illness time points, which may further delay appropriate diagnosis and treatment. In this case series of 62 children and adolescents suffering from IMDs, we clustered psychiatric signs (on the basis of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders classification) as well as impaired cognitive domains (on the basis of the Research Domain Criteriamatrix) according to their mean age of onset (5.7 ± 4 years). We observed consistent patterns of occurrence across disorders. Externalizing symptoms, sleep problems, and cross‐domain self‐regulation deficits were found to precede the IMD diagnosis. Repetitive thoughts and behaviors as well as emotional dysregulation were found to occur around the disease onset. Finally, late‐onset features included dissociative or eating disorders, together with impaired emotion knowledge. Clinicians should specifically look for the co‐occurrence of age‐specific atypical signs, such as treatment resistance or worsening with psychotropic medication in the earliest stages and symptom fluctuation, confusion, catatonia, or isolated visual hallucinations. We believe that the combined characterizations of psychiatric signs and impaired neurocognitive domains may enable the earliest detection of IMDs and the appropriate care of these particular manifestations.Key Points
Psychiatric signs are common in inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) and may occur in the same age‐range as other clinical manifestations.
Three clusters of psychiatric signs and two clusters of neurocognitive domains can be defined according to their mean age of onset.
Warning signs to be used in liaison psychiatry should include age‐specific cognitive impairments
Three‐Dimensional Volumetric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detects Early Alterations of the Brain Growth in Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Ren Jing‐Ya , Zhu Ming , Dong Su‐Zhen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundSeveral published studies have shown alterations of brain development in third‐trimester fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD). However, little is known about the timing and pattern of altered brain development in fetuses with CHD.PurposeTo investigate the changes in the volume of intracranial structures in fetuses with CHD by three‐dimensional (3D) volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the earlier stages of pregnancy (median gestational age [GA], 26 weeks).Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationForty women carrying a fetus with CHD (including 20 fetuses with GA <26 weeks) and 120 pregnant women carrying a healthy fetus (including 50 fetuses with GA <26 weeks).Field Strength/SequenceTwo‐dimensional single‐shot turbo spin echo sequence at 1.5 –T.AssessmentThree‐dimensional volumetric parameters from slice‐to‐volume registered images, including cortical gray matter volume (GMV), subcortical brain tissue volume (SBV), intracranial cavity volume (ICV), lateral ventricles volume (VV), cerebellum, brainstem, and extra‐cerebrospinal fluid (e‐CSF) were quantified by manual segmentation from one primary and two secondary observers.Statistical TestsVolumes were presented graphically with quadratic curve fitting. Scatterplots were produced mapping volumes against GA in normal and CHD fetuses. For GA <26 weeks, Z scores were calculated and Student's t‐tests were conducted to compare volumes between the normal and CHD fetuses.ResultsIn fetuses with CHD GMV, SBV, cerebellum, and brainstem were significantly reduced (all P < 0.05) in early stages of pregnancy (GA <26 weeks), with differences becoming progressively greater with increasing GA. Compared with normal fetuses, e‐CSF, e‐CSF to ICV ratio, and VV were higher in fetuses with CHD (all P < 0.05). However, ICV volume and the GMV to SBV ratio were not significantly reduced in the CHD group (P = 0.94 and P = 0.13, respectively) during the middle gestation (GA <26 weeks).Data ConclusionThere appear to be alterations of brain development trajectory in CHD fetuses that can be detected by 3D volumetric MRI in the earlier stages of pregnancy.Level of Evidence4Technical EfficacyStage 3
Clinical manifestations associated with acute viral gastroenteritis pathogens among pediatric patients in Qatar
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman Manar E. , Mathew Shilu , Al Thani Asmaa A. , Ansari Khalid Al , Yassine Hadi M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAcute gastroenteritis (AGE) remains a significant cause of diarrhea that affects children worldwide. It is usually caused by viral agents, including rotavirus (RV), norovirus (NoV), adenovirus (AdV), astrovirus (AstV), and sapovirus (SaV), and the disease severity varies accordingly. Here, we report the association of clinical severity among AGE‐infected pediatrics caused by a single viral pathogen, coinfection (viral–viral), mixed infection (viral–bacterial), and AGE‐negative samples.MethodsA total of 901 pediatric patients were admitted with AGE to the Pediatric Emergency Center of Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar from June 2016 to June 2018. The age of the subjects ranged between 3 months and 14 years (median of 16 months). Virus antigens detection was performed by using Film Array Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel kit. AGE severity was assessed using the Vesikari Clinical Severity Scoring System. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was used to model the five AGE viral agents' likelihood in relation to severity versus co‐infection, mixed infection, and AGE‐negative samples.ResultsAGE was most common in pediatrics aged 1–3 years (median age = 1.25 years) and more frequent in males than females, with a ratio of 1:0.8. About 19.2% of the infections were caused by NoV, followed by RV (18.2%), AdV (6.5%), SaV (2.3%), and AstV (1.8%). The majority of viral agents were detected higher in mixed infection (32.1%) than coinfection (4.9%). Based on the Vesikari score system, severe clinical illness was recorded among pediatrics infected with RV (82.2%) and NoV (75.7%). Further on multivariable analysis, compared to testing negative, the odds of detecting RV was three times significantly higher in children with severe symptoms relative to those with moderate (adjusted‐odds ratio [a‐OR] = 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.82–5.28). Similar results were observed when considering RV relative to co‐infection and mixed infection (a‐OR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.23–5.48 and a‐OR = 2.06; 1.28–3.30, respectively). About one‐third of the study sample were Qatari children with AGE (33%), whereas 35% and 32% were pediatrics from the Middle East and North Africa region, excluding Qatari and nonregions.ConclusionThis study underlines the association of disease severity among AGE‐infected pediatrics in Qatar. The overall Vesikari median score was significantly high, followed by more frequent hospitalization among RV‐infected pediatrics compared to others. There was no reduction in the disease severity among RV‐infected regardless of the vaccine dose.
Anyplex II HPV test in detection and follow‐up after surgical treatment of CIN2+ lesions
Authors: Bottari Fabio , Iacobone Anna Daniela , Radice Davide , Preti Eleonora Petra , Preti Mario , Franchi Dorella , Piana Andrea Fausto , Sandri Maria Teresa , Passerini Rita 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) tests differ for technology, targets, and information on the genotype and viral load. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the Seegene Anyplex II HPV HR (Anyplex) assay in the detection of cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) and as a test‐of‐cure in the follow‐up after surgical treatment. One hundred and sixty‐seven women referred to the European Institute of Oncology, Milan, for surgical treatment of CIN2+ were enrolled. A cervical sample was taken before treatment and at the first follow‐up visit: on these samples, Qiagen Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2), Roche Linear Array HPV Test (Linear Array), cytology and histology were performed at baseline, HC2, and cytology at follow‐up. Anyplex genotyping HPV test was performed on a post aliquot from liquid‐based cytology specimens when available. The concordance between Anyplex and HC2 was 93.6% at baseline and 76.7% at follow‐up (3–9 months after treatment), respectively. The concordance between Anyplex and Linear Array was evaluable only at baseline (92.9%). No recurrence occurred in women without the persistence of the same genotype at follow‐up. Seven women relapsed: six had persistence of the same genotypes (five HPV16, one HPV33, and one HPV39), while one tested negative not only with Anyplex but also with HC2 for the persistence of low‐risk genotype infection (HPV73 only detected by Linear Array). Anyplex test represents a valid option for HPV detection and genotyping in order to stratify women at risk of high‐grade lesions at baseline and to monitor patients treated for CIN2+ lesions during follow‐up.
Inferences of glia‐mediated control in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Bowles Stephanie N. , Johnson Casonya M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAstrocytes modulate synaptic transmission; yet, it remains unclear how glia influence complex behaviors. Here, we explore the effects of Caenorhabditis elegans astrocyte‐like cephalic glia (CEPglia) and the glia‐specific bHLH transcription factor HLH‐17 on mating behavior and the defecation motor program (DMP). In C. elegans, male mating has been explicitly described through the male tail circuit and is characterized by coordination of multiple independent behaviors to ensure that copulation is achieved. Furthermore, the sex‐specific male mating circuitry shares similar components with the DMP, which is complex and rhythmic, and requires a fixed sequence of behaviors to be activated periodically. We found that loss of CEPglia reduced persistence in executing mating behaviors and hindered copulation, while males that lacked HLH‐17 demonstrated repetitive prodding behavior that increased the time spent in mating but did not hinder copulation. During the DMP, we found that posterior body wall contractions (pBocs) and enteric muscle contractions (EMCs) were differentially affected by loss of HLH‐17 or CEPglia in males and hermaphrodites. pBocs and EMCs required HLH‐17 activity in both sexes, whereas loss of CEPglia alone did not affect DMP in males. Our data suggest that CEPglia mediate complex behaviors by signaling to the GABAergic DVB neuron, and that HLH‐17 activity influences those discrete steps within those behaviors. Collectively, these data provide evidence of glia as a link in cooperative regulation of complex and rhythmic behavior that, in C. elegans links circuitry in the head and the tail.
Atrial fibrillation and autonomic nervous system: A translational approach to guide therapeutic goals
Authors: Rebecchi Marco , Panattoni Germana , Edoardo Bressi , de Ruvo Ermenegildo , Sciarra Luigi , Politano Alessandro , Sgueglia Marianna , Ricagni Chiara , Verbena Sara , Crescenzi Cinzia , Sangiorgi Catia , Borrelli Alessio , De Luca Lucia , Scarà Antonio , Grieco Domenico , Jacomelli Ilaria , Martino Annamaria , Calò Leonardo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe autonomic nervous system (ANS) is known to play an important role in the genesis and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF). Biomolecular and genetic mechanisms, anatomical knowledges with recent diagnostic techniques acquisitions, both invasive and non‐invasive, have enabled greater therapeutic goals in patients affected by AF related to ANS imbalance. Catheter ablation of ganglionated plexi (GP) in the left and right atrium has been proposed in varied clinical conditions. Moreover interesting results arise from renal sympathetic denervation and vagal nerve stimulation. Despite all this, in the scenario of ANS modulation translational strategies we necessary must consider the treatment or correction of dynamic factors such as obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, lifestyle, food, and stress. Finally, new antiarrhythmic drugs, gene therapy and “ablatogenomic” could be represent exciting future therapeutic perspectives.
‘Palaeolago Fueguino’, a Late Pleistocene lacustrine basin located in the central sector of Tierra del Fuego: a seismostratigraphic study
Authors: Lozano Jorge G. , Bran Donaldo M. , Donda Federica , Lodolo Emanuele , Esteban Federico D. , Tassone Alejandro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAt ~20 ka bp, lakes Yehuin, Chepelmut and Fagnano constituted a single, large water body in the central part of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego (southernmost Patagonia). The evolutionary history of this lake, known as ‘Palaeolago Fueguino’, was probably controlled by the advances, stillstands and retreats of the ‘Fagnano Palaeoglacier’, an outlet glacier that flowed eastward from the Darwin Cordillera ice sheet. A detailed analysis of high‐resolution seismic reflection profiles acquired within the three lakes has allowed the identification and correlation of seven unconformities within the lacustrine sedimentary infill, three seismostratigraphic sequences in Lago Fagnano and four in Lago Yehuin. A seismic stratigraphic correlation between these sequences suggests that these basins formerly constituted a single, large lacustrine body. A lake‐level curve of the evolutionary stages of each lake, derived from the seismostratigraphic analysis of the sedimentary infill is proposed here, representing a 17.5 ka‐long record. It was further integrated with the glacial record of the advances and retreats of the Fagnano Palaeoglacier. This study has implications for interpreting the sedimentary history of lake basins in glaciated mountain ranges.
Climate risk to peanut cultivation in Brazil across different planting seasons
Authors: de Oliveira Aparecido Lucas Eduardo , Lorençone João Antonio , Lorençone Pedro Antonio , de Meneses Kamila Cunha , da Silva Cabral de Moraes Jose Reinaldo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPeanuts are widely grown in Brazil because of their great importance in the domestic vegetable oil industry and the succession of sugarcane, soybean and maize crops, contributing to soil conservation and improvement in agricultural areas. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the zoning of peanuts' climatic risk by estimating the water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI) for the crop in Brazil. We used a historical series of data on average air temperature and rainfall between 1980 and 2016. Reference evapotranspiration was estimated using the method of Thornthwaite, and we subsequently calculated crop evapotranspiration and maximum evapotranspiration. Water balances for all stations were calculated using the method of Thornthwaite and Mather, with an available water capacity in the soil of 15, 30 and 45 mm. The definitions of suitable, unfit and restricted areas and the planting season were performed using the WRSI.RESULTSBrazil has low climatic risk areas for growing peanuts throughout the year, except for winter. The country reveals that 88.19%, 97.93%, 99.16% and 39.25% of its area is suitable for planting peanuts on planting dates in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively.CONCLUSIONBrazil has a large part of the areas favorable to the planting of peanuts. The maximum availability of soil water at a depth of 15, 30 and 45 mm does not influence regions with respect to peanut growing in Brazil. The states of Piauí, Ceará and Bahia are the most unsuitable on the winter planting date, with an average WRSI of 0.22. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Osteoarticular allograft reconstruction after distal radius tumor resection: Reoperation and patient reported outcomes
Authors: Lans Jonathan , Ballatori Sarah E. , Castelein René M. , Chen Neal C. , Lozano Calderon Santiago A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this study are to evaluate the rate of wrist joint preservation, allograft retention, factors associated with reoperation and to report the patient reported outcomes after osteoarticular allograft reconstruction of the distal radius.MethodsRetrospective chart review identified 33 patients who underwent distal radius resection followed by osteoarticular allograft reconstruction, including 27 giant cell tumors and 6 primary malignancies. Ten patients with a preserved wrist joint completed the QuickDASH, PROMIS‐CA physical function, and Toronto extremity salvage score (TESS) at a median of 13 years postoperatively.ResultsThe allograft retention rate was 89%, and an allograft fracture predisposed to conversion to wrist arthrodesis. The reoperation rate was 55% and 36% underwent wrist arthrodesis at a median of 4.2 years following index surgery. The use of locking plate fixation was associated with lower reoperation and allograft fracture rates. Patients reported a median QuickDASH of 10.2 (range: 0–52.3), a mean PROMIS physical function of 57.8 (range: 38.9–64.5) and the median TESS was 95.5 (range: 67.0–98.4).ConclusionOsteoarticular allograft reconstruction results in acceptable long‐term patient reported outcomes, despite a high revision rate. Allograft fixation with locking plates seems to reduce the number of reoperations and allograft fractures, along with reduction in wrist arthrodesis rates.
Large‐scale enterprises, social capital and the post‐disaster development of community tourism: The case of Taoping, China
Authors: Wu Meiling , Gao Xing , Cao Mengqiu , Papa Enrica 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study explores how large‐scale enterprises build and mobilise social capital with intra‐ and inter‐community actors to stimulate the post‐disaster development of community tourism. Based on in‐depth interviews, this case study was conducted in Taoping, China. The findings show that large‐scale enterprises integrated bonding social capital created through engaging with Taoping villagers with bridging social capital developed through inter‐community collaborations to facilitate the post‐disaster development of community tourism. This study focuses on the dynamics of interactions between large‐scale enterprises, intra‐ and inter‐community actors. It contributes to providing a deeper understanding of the significance of large‐scale enterprises for the post‐disaster development of community tourism through the lens of social capital.
Genomics‐assisted lentil breeding: Current status and future strategies
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Sen Gupta Debjyoti , Baum Michael , Varshney Rajeev K. , Kumar Shiv 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGenomics‐assisted breeding has become a powerful tool to develop high‐yielding climate‐resilient varieties for adaptation to adverse environmental conditions such as heat and drought stresses. Previously, efforts have been made to develop genomic resources in lentil, leading to the development of many trait‐specific mapping populations, cores and mini‐cores, and single nucleotide polymorphism and simple sequence repeat markers. Molecular markers have been used in genetic diversity analyses and to clarify genetic relationships in lentil. However, availability of cost‐effective next‐generation sequencing and genotyping‐by‐sequencing technologies has provided unprecedented opportunities for advancing genetics research and breeding applications. For instance, it has become possible to assemble the large and complex genome, develop high‐density genetic maps for high‐resolution QTL mapping, and deploy genome‐wide association study in lentil. Furthermore, a range of cost‐effective marker genotyping platforms have been developed. These developments offer ample opportunities to modernize current breeding programs in lentil for accelerating genetic gains. This review discusses the current status and future possibilities of genomics‐assisted breeding to develop and deploy lentil cultivars suitable for changing climatic conditions.
Recent progresses and remaining challenges for the detection of Zika virus
Authors: Zhang Xianlong , Li Guoliang , Chen Guang , Zhu Niu , Wu Di , Wu Yongning , James Tony D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a particularly notorious mosquito‐borne flavivirus, which can lead to a devastating congenital syndrome in the fetuses of pregnant mothers (e.g., microcephaly, spasticity, craniofacial disproportion, miscarriage, and ocular abnormalities) and cause the autoimmune disorder Guillain‐Barre' syndrome of adults. Due to its severity and rapid dispersal over several continents, ZIKV has been acknowledged to be a global health concern by the World Health Organization. Unfortunately, the ZIKV has recently resurged in India with the potential for devastating effects. Researchers from all around the world have worked tirelessly to develop effective detection strategies and vaccines for the prevention and control of ZIKV infection. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the most recent research into ZIKV, including the structural biology and evolution, historical overview, pathogenesis, symptoms, and transmission. We then focus on the detection strategies for ZIKV, including viral isolation, serological assays, molecular assays, sensing methods, reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification, transcription‐mediated amplification technology, reverse transcription strand invasion based amplification, bioplasmonic paper‐based device, and reverse transcription isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification. To conclude, we examine the limitations of currently available strategies for the detection of ZIKV, and outline future opportunities and research challenges.
Maternal Intake of Dietary Fat Pre‐Programs Offspring's Gut Ecosystem Altering Colonization Resistance and Immunity to Infectious Colitis in Mice
Authors: Quin Candice , Ghosh Sanjoy , Dai Chuanbin , Barnett Jacqueline A. , Garner Alexander M. , Yoo Rachael K. H. , Zandberg Wesley F. , Botta Amy , Gorzelak Monika A. , Gibson Deanna L. 
Published: February 2021

ScopeThe transgenerational impact of dietary fat remains unclear. Here, the role of maternal fat consumption as a modulator of gut microbial communities and infectious disease outcomes in their offspring is explored.Methods and resultsC57BL/6 mice are fed isocaloric high‐fat diets throughout breeding, gestation and lactation. Diets contained either milk fat (MF), olive oil (OO) or corn oil (CO), with or without fish oil. The pups born to maternally exposed mice are weaned on to chow and raised into adulthood. At 8 weeks, the offsprings are either euthanized for colonic 16S rRNA analysis or challenged with the enteric pathogen,Citrobacter rodentium. Maternal CO exposure resulted in unique clustering of bacterial communities in offspring compared with MF and OO. Diets rich in CO reduced survival in offspring challenged withC. rodentium. The addition of fish oil did not improve mortality caused by CO and worsened disease outcomes when combined with OO. Unlike the unsaturated diets, MF is protective with and without fish oil.ConclusionsOverall, these data reveal that maternal intake of fatty acids do have transgenerational impacts on their offspring's bacteriome and enteric infection risk. Based on this study, saturated fats should be included in maternal diets.