bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences of Mentally Ill Patients’ Satisfaction Degree during their Involuntary or Voluntary Stay in a Psychiatric Clinic
Authors: Goula Aspasia , Margetis Evaggelos , Stamouli Maria-Aggeliki , Latsou Dimitra , Gkioka Vasiliki 
Published: March 2021

Background Mental health illness is not considered as a private matter, as it affects not only the mental patient's life and those who are considered his/her immediate family, but also the society as a whole. The involuntary examination and/or hospitalization in the field of mental health as the basic first-line therapeutic solution in Greece, calls for an immediate intervention, which is supposed to counterbalance the need for therapy and patient's rights of personal freedom and safety. Design and methods A research using questionnaire was realized, consisting of 100 hospitalized patients in psychiatric clinics (50 voluntarily and 50 involuntarily hospitalized) at the Psychiatric Hospital of Attica. The sampling scheme was the stratified sampling and the level of statistical significance was set to α=0.05. Results The results have shown that involuntarily and voluntarily hospitalized mental patients did not differ significantly with almost the entirety of the questionnaire; however, the involuntarily patients were significantly more satisfied with the conditions of hospitalization as well as assessing the overall quality of the services provided during their hospitalization. Conclusions For mentally ill patients, greater importance and stronger correlation with gratification, does not constitute the admission procedure to the psychiatric clinic but the development of effective communication and therapeutic relationship with the staff, full knowledge and update about patient's health condition, medication, participation in therapeutic planning and hospitalization in a regime of autonomy and respect for their rights.
Comparing Venous Thrombosis Rates in Hand-Sewn Anastomosis to Anastomotic Coupler Devices
Authors: Dogan Zeynep Akdeniz , Aydin Cem , Çavus-Özkan Melekber , Saçak Bülent , Bayramicli Mehmet 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Anastomotic coupling device (ACD) has reached wide popularity, especially in venous anastomosis of free-tissue transfers. There are scant reviews in the literature about the reliability of these devices in venous anastomosis. We retrospectively analyzed our free flap cases to compare the thrombosis rates between ACDs and handsewn anastomosis and other possible risk factors that may contribute to venous thrombosis.

Materials and Methods:
Data of all microvascular free-tissue transfers performed between January 2015 and August 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient characteristics were recorded. Reconstruction characteristics such as venous anastomosis type (hand-sewn vs. anastomotic coupler device), reconstruction site, and number of surgical interventions were also recorded.

Results:
A total of 385 consecutive-free microvascular reconstructions were identified. Total venous thrombosis rate was 4.7%. There was no statistically significant difference between hand-sewn anastomosis and anastomosis with coupler device (5.2% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.58). Only reconstruction site was found to be significantly associated with higher venous thrombosis (P = 0.03).

Discussion:
Our results involving different reconstruction sites and including multiple flap types demonstrated comparable revision rates between ACDs and hand-sewn anastomosis. This finding is consistent with the current literature.
Radial Polydactyly
Authors: Çiloglu Sinem , Duran Alpay 
Published: March 2021

Purpose:
The purpose is to propose a modification of Wassel/Flatt classification system for radial polydactyly based on radiological findings and previously described classification systems.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-five patients with radial polydactyly were included in the study. There were 47 supernumerary fingers. Patients' clinical and radiological data were evaluated retrospectively. Family history, sex, age, unilateral or bilateral placement, the origin of radial polydactyly, coexisting anomalies, and syndromes of each patient were documented. We classified cases into 13 different subgroups, according to X-rays and clinical findings.

Results:
One supernumerary digit was rudimentary Type, 2 were hypoplastic type, one was Wassel Type I, 3 were Wassel Type II, and 5 were Wassel Type III, 12 were Wassel Type IV, 5 were Wassel Type V, 7 were Wassel Type VI, 9 were Wassel Type VII, one was symphalangism, one was complicated type.

Conclusion:
We think it is beneficial to add complicated type (tetraplication, triplication) symphalangism, rudimentary and hypoplastic malformations together as a single comprehensive classification system to better define diagnosis and treatment plans.
Demographic Properties and Functional Result Analysis of Patients with Palatal Defects Reconstructed with Microvascular Tissue Transfer
Authors: Demiröz Anil , Yildiz Tugba Feryal , Çetinkale Oguz 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Palatal defects are still challenging for the reconstructive surgeon since the palate carries important functional roles in swallowing and articulating while providing an adequate airway. The aim of this article is to discuss the preferred free flap types for palatal reconstruction and present the functional outcome.

Material and Methods:
Records of patients who underwent microsurgical palatal reconstruction between 2012 and 2017 were reviewed for demographic properties, defect properties, flap of choice, and complication rates. A questionnaire was applied to the patients for assessment of speech, swallowing, regurgitation, snoring, and overall satisfaction.

Results:
Four patients were operated for palatal defects with a mean size of 23.25 cm2. The most commonly used free flap was the radial forearm flap in our four patient series. All patients reported improvement for every functional criterion in the questionnaire.

Conclusion:
Free flaps are an acceptable method for restoring palatal function. Radial forearm free flap was the flap of choice for reconstruction of large palatal defects in this retrospective review.
Peran Komunikasi Keluarga dalam Mencegah Perilaku Bulliying Remaja
Authors: Fathiyah  
Published: March 2021

Proses komunikasi berlangsung dalam setiap aspek kehidupan, termasuk dalam lapisan masyarakat dan lapisan keluarga. Ketika manusia melakukan interaksi satu sama lainnya, kadang-kadang mengarah pada perilaku bullying. Perilaku bullying sering ditemukan di berbagai situasi sosial, yang kerap pelakunya adalah remaja. Tulisan ini mengkaji dan memaparkan peran komunikasi keluarga dalam mencagah perilaku bullying oleh remaja. (1) Perilaku bullying dapat terjadi karena beberapa faktor antara lain: keluarga, sekolah, faktor kelompok sebaya, kondisi lingkungan sosial serta tayangan televise dan media cetak. Berbagai komunikasi keluarga dalam pencegahan perilaku bullying bagi anak meliputi: (2) Untuk mencegah bullying harus diupayakan proses komunikasi keluarga yang efektif yaitu: respek, dan audible;
The International Tourism Performance Amidst Several Intervention Events: More than 20 Years of Multi Input Intervention Analysis in Bali, Jakarta, and Kepulauan Riau Provinces
Authors: Purwa Taly , Atmanegara Eviyana 
Published: March 2021

As one of the priority sectors in economic development of Indonesia, tourism is expected to be the main key in accelerating economic and social growth, hence reducing poverty. The tourism performance, especially international tourism market, is highly prone to intervention events that can reduce the number of inbound tourists and produce a negative impact on economic development of the destination country. Therefore, anticipating and mitigating various intervention events is necessary to maintain the performance of the tourism sector in Indonesia. This study investigates the magnitude and patterns of impact of several intervention events on the number of international visitor arrivals via the three main ports of entry of Indonesia, i.e. Soekarno-Hatta Airport, Ngurah Rai Airport, and Batam Port. The multi input intervention models were constructed by covering intervention events, i.e. terrorism, disease pandemic, global financial crisis, natural disaster, and government policy, occurring in a relatively long time span, more than two decades, from January 1999 to August 2020. The results show that an intervention event does not always have a significant impact on the number of international visitor arrivals at the three main ports of entry. Generally, all intervention events can lead to a decrease in the number of international visitor arrivals but with different magnitude and pattern, with the biggest and longest impact is caused by COVID-19 pandemic. The direct or non-delayed pattern of impact only appears for terrorism and natural disaster that affect the number of international visitor arrivals via Ngurah Rai Airport.
Mustaqillik davri adabiyotida ramzlar: Amir Xudoyberdi she’rlari misolida
Authors: Namazova Manzura 
Published: March 2021

Ramzlar har doim ishning semantik nuqtai nazarini kengaytiradi, o'quvchiga muallifning "maslahatlariga" asoslanib hayotning turli hodisalarini birlashtiradigan uyushmalar tarmog'ini shakllantirishga imkon beradi. Ramziy tasavvurlar yozuvchilar tomonidan hayotiylik illyosini yo'q qilish maqsadida qo'llaniladi, bu ko'pincha o'quvchilarda paydo bo'lib, noaniqliklarni, yaratgan tasvirlarning semantik chuqurligini ta'kidlaydi Ushbu maqolada shuningdek mustaqillik yillaridagi adabiy muhit haqida soz boradi. Vatanni madh etuvchi va uni sevishga undovchi sherlarning yuzaga kelishi va shu orinda Amir Xudoyberdining Hazrati ozbek sheri talqin keltirib otilgan. Sanat va adabiyotdagi ramzning ilm - fandagi ramzdan kora tasirchan bolishining asosiy sababi unda voqea - hodisalar ijodkorning aql - tafakkuri, qalb quvvati bilan boyitilganidadir. Sanatkor ularga oz his  tuygulari, hissiyotlari bilan jilo beradi. Shuning uchun ham biz ushbu maqolada Amir Xudoyberdi asarlariga murojaat etdik.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN DRILL METHOD TERHADAP KEMAPUAN BERBICARA DI PONDOK PESANTRIN DARUL LUGHAH WA DIRASATIL ISLAMIYYAH SENINAN AKKOR PALENGAAN PAMEKASAN MADURA
Authors: Kunisy Fadiyah  
Published: March 2021

الملخص: يتضمّن هذا البحث العلمي على المسئلة هل يوجد تأثير تطبيق طريقة التدربيبات على مهارة الكلام بمعهد دار اللغة والدراسات الإسلامية سنينان أكور بالنجائن بميكاسان مادورا. والأهداف التي قصد الباحث إليها فهي لمعرفة وجود تأثير تطبيق طريقة التدربيبات على مهارة الكلام بمعهد دار اللغة والدراسات الإسلامية سنينان أكور بالنجائن بميكاسان مادورا.
لاجابة من أسئلة البحث، الباحث تستعمل تحليلي النكوص التخطيطي المضاعف باستعمال برمجية من نقل 25. وأما طريقة الجمع البيانات تستعمل الاستبيانة والملاحظة و التوثق. بالستعمل هذا البحث أخذ البعض من 53 طالبات. جنس البحث المستعل البحث انكوص بتقريب كمي.
وجود تأثير المعنوي في تطبيق طريقة التدريبات على مهارة الكلام بمعهد دار اللغة والدراسات الإسلامية سنينان أكور بالنجائن بميكاسان مادورا، هذا البحث يستطيع ان يحصل ظهور t hitung = 8،141 يدل t tabel < t hitung هي 1،671 وهكذا t hitung = 8،141 أكبر من t tabel =1،671 وقيمة الإحتمال (a)0،000 > 0،05.
الكلمة الرئيسية: تأثير، طريقة التدريبات، مهارة الكلام
Abstrak: Penelitian ini mencakup pertanyaan tentang apakah terdapat pengaruh Drill Method terhadap kemahiran berbicara bahasa Arab di pondok pesantren darul Lughah wa dirasatul islamiyyah Seninan Akkor Palengaan Pamekasan Madura. Adapun tujuan peneliti untuk mengetahui seberapa berpengaruhnya Drill Method terhadap kemahiran berbicara bahasa Arab di pondok pesantren darul Lughah wa dirasatul islamiyyah Seninan Akkor Palengaan Pamekasan Madura.
Untuk menjawab rumusan masalah, peneliti menggunakan “Uji t” yaitu analisis regresi linier sederhana dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 25. Sedangkan untuk pengumpulan datanya dengan menggunakan angket, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel 53 santri yang ada. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ini adalah penelitian regresi dengan pendekatan kuantitatif.
Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa, teradap pengaruh drill method terhadap kemahiran berbicara bahasa Arab di pondok pesantren darul Lughah wa dirasatul islamiyyah Seninan Akkor Palengaan Pamekasan Madura. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan diprolehnya t hitung = 8,141 lebih besar dari t table = 1,671 dengan taraf signifikan 0,000 < 0,05.
Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Drill Metode, Keterampilan Berbicara
Features of the course of influenza in some categories of neurological patients
Authors: Демьяновская Е.Г. , Васильев А.С. 
Published: March 2021

В статье рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с особенностями течения гриппа на фоне неврологических заболеваний: грипп при эпилепсии и других состояниях, характеризующихся повышенной судорожной готовностью, грипп при некоторых патологиях периферической нервной системы, грипп при нервно-мышечных заболеваниях и рассеянном склерозе, грипп и сосудистая церебральная патология. У ряда пациентов с заболеваниями нервной системы инфицирование вирусом гриппа и развитие инфекционного процесса сопровождаются повышенным риском утяжеления течения заболевания, ухудшения прогноза, появления потребности в госпитализации, неблагоприятного исхода инфекции. Обсуждается целесообразность и приоритетность вакцинопрофилактики гриппа у лиц с конкретными нозологиями, относящимися к компетенции невролога. Вакцинопрофилактика во многих случаях признается эффективной мерой предупреждения тяжелого течения гриппа у неврологических больных и развития осложнений. Клиницисту необходимы углубленные знания показаний и ограничений вакцинопрофилактики гриппа у пациентов с патологией нервной системы.
The article discusses issues related to the peculiarities of the course of influenza against the background of neurological diseases: influenza in epilepsy and other conditions characterized by increased convulsive readiness, influenza in some pathologies of the peripheral nervous system, influenza in neuromuscular diseases and multiple sclerosis, influenza and cerebral vascular pathology. In a number of patients with diseases of the nervous system, contact with influenza virus and infectious process are accompanied by an increased risk of the disease exacerbation, worsening the prognosis, need for hospitalization, and poor outcomes. The expediency and priority of influenza vaccine prophylaxis in persons with specific nosologies that are within the competence of a neurologist are discussed. In many cases, in neurological patients, vaccination is recognized as an effective measure to prevent the severe course of influenza and complicationы emergence. Doctors need in-depth knowledge of the indications and limitations of influenza vaccination in patients with nervous system disorders.
Technical note: On comparing greenhouse gas emission metrics
Authors: Enting Ian , Clisby Nathan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Many metrics for comparing greenhouse gas emissions can be expressed as an instantaneous global warming potential multiplied by the ratio of airborne fractions calculated in various ways. The forcing equivalent index (FEI) provides a specification for equal radiative forcing at all times
at the expense of generally precluding point-by-point equivalence over time.
The FEI can be expressed in terms of asymptotic
airborne fractions for exponentially growing emissions.
This provides a reference against which other metrics can
be compared. Four other equivalence metrics are evaluated in terms of how closely they
match the timescale dependence of FEI, with methane
referenced to carbon dioxide used as an example.
The 100-year global warming potential overestimates
the long-term role of methane, while
metrics based on rates of change overestimate the short-term
contribution.
A recently proposed metric based on differences
between methane emissions 20 years apart
provides a good compromise.
Analysis of the timescale dependence of metrics expressed
as Laplace transforms leads to an alternative
metric that
gives closer agreement with FEI at the expense
of considering methane over longer time periods. The short-term behaviour, which is important
when metrics are used for emissions trading,
is illustrated with simple examples for the four
metrics.
Technical note: Emission factors, chemical composition, and morphology of particles emitted from Euro 5 diesel and gasoline light-duty vehicles during transient cycles
Authors: Kostenidou Evangelia , Martinez-Valiente Alvaro , R'Mili Badr , Marques Baptiste , Temime-Roussel Brice , Durand Amandine , André Michel , Liu Yao , Louis Cédric , Vansevenant Boris , Ferry Daniel , Laffon Carine , Parent Philippe , D'Anna Barbara 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Changes in engine technologies and after-treatment
devices can profoundly alter the chemical composition of the emitted
pollutants. To investigate these effects, we characterized the emitted
particles' chemical composition of three diesel and four gasoline Euro 5
light-duty vehicles tested at a chassis dynamometer facility. The dominant
emitted species was black carbon (BC) with emission factors (EFs) varying
from 0.2 to 7.1 mg km−1 for direct-injection gasoline (GDI) vehicles,
from 0.02 to 0.14 mg km−1 for port fuel injection (PFI) vehicles, and
0.003 to 0.9 mg km−1 for diesel vehicles. The organic matter (OM) EFs varied from 5 to 103 µg km−1 for GDI gasoline vehicles, from 1 to 8 µg km−1 for PFI vehicles, and between 0.15 and 65 µg km−1 for the diesel vehicles. The first minutes of cold-start cycles contributed the largest PM fraction including BC, OM, and
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Using a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), we identified more than 40 PAHs in both diesel and
gasoline exhaust particles including methylated, nitro, oxygenated, and amino
PAHs. Particle-bound PAHs were 4 times higher for GDI than for PFI
vehicles. For two of the three diesel vehicles the PAH emissions were below
the detection limit, but for one, which presented an after-treatment device
failure, the average PAHs EF was 2.04 µg km−1, similar to the
GDI vehicle's values. During the passive regeneration of the catalysed diesel particulate filter
(CDPF) vehicle, we measured particles of diameter around 15 nm mainly
composed of ammonium bisulfate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed the presence of
ubiquitous metal inclusions in soot particles emitted by the diesel vehicle
equipped with a fuel-borne-catalyst diesel particulate filter (FBC-DPF).
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of the particles emitted by the PFI vehicle showed the presence
of metallic elements and a disordered soot surface with defects that could
have consequences on both chemical reactivity and particle toxicity. Our findings show that different after-treatment technologies have an
important effect on the emitted particles' levels and their chemical
composition. In addition, this work highlights the importance of particle
filter devices' condition and performance.
Improvements to a laser-induced fluorescence instrument for measuring SO2 – impact on accuracy and precision
Authors: Rickly Pamela S. , Xu Lu , Crounse John D. , Wennberg Paul O. , Rollins Andrew W. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. This work describes key improvements made to the in situ laser-induced fluorescence instrument for measuring sulfur dioxide (SO2) that was originally described by Rollins et al. (2016). Here, we report measurements of the SO2 fluorescence emission spectrum. These measurements allow for the determination of the most appropriate bandpass filters to optimize the fluorescence signal, while reducing the instrumental background. Because many aromatic species fluoresce in the same spectral region as SO2, fluorescence spectra were also measured for naphthalene and anisole to determine if ambient SO2 measurements could be biased in the presence of such species. Improvement in the laser system resulted in better tunability, and a significant reduction in the 216.9 nm laser linewidth. This increases the online/offline signal ratio which, in turn, improves the precision and specificity of the measurement. The effects of these improvements on the instrumental sensitivity were determined by analyzing the signal and background of the instrument, using varying optical bandpass filter ranges and cell pressures and calculating the resulting limit of detection. As a result, we report an improvement to the instrumental sensitivity by as much as 50 %.
On the barium–oxygen consumption relationship in the Mediterranean Sea: implications for mesopelagic marine snow remineralization
Authors: Jacquet Stéphanie H. M. , Lefèvre Dominique , Tamburini Christian , Garel Marc , Le Moigne Frédéric A. C. , Bhairy Nagib , Guasco Sophie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. In the ocean, remineralization rate associated with sinking particles is a
crucial variable. Since the 1990s, particulate biogenic barium (Baxs) has been used as an indicator of carbon remineralization by applying a transfer function relating Baxs to O2 consumption (Dehairs's
transfer function, Southern Ocean-based). Here, we tested its validity in
the Mediterranean Sea (ANTARES/EMSO-LO) for the first time by investigating connections between Baxs, prokaryotic heterotrophic
production (PHP) and oxygen consumption (JO2-Opt; optodes measurement). We show that (1) higher Baxs (409 pM; 100–500 m) occurs in situations where integrated PHP (PHP100/500=0.90) is located deeper, (2) higher Baxs occurs with increasing JO2-Opt, and (3) there is similar magnitude between JO2-Opt (3.14 mmol m−2 d−1; 175–450 m) and JO2-Ba (4.59 mmol m−2 d−1; transfer function). Overall,
Baxs, PHP and JO2 relationships follow trends observed earlier in the Southern Ocean. We conclude that such a transfer function could apply in the Mediterranean Sea.
Implications of model selection: a comparison of publicly available, conterminous US-extent hydrologic component estimates
Authors: Saxe Samuel , Farmer William , Driscoll Jessica , Hogue Terri S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Spatiotemporally continuous estimates of the hydrologic cycle are often generated through hydrologic modeling, reanalysis, or remote sensing (RS) methods and are commonly applied as a supplement to, or a substitute for, in situ measurements when observational data are sparse or unavailable.
This study compares estimates of precipitation (P), actual
evapotranspiration (ET), runoff (R), snow water equivalent (SWE), and soil moisture (SM) from 87 unique data sets generated by 47 hydrologic models, reanalysis data sets, and remote sensing products across the conterminous United States (CONUS). Uncertainty between hydrologic component estimates was shown to be high in the western CONUS, with median uncertainty (measured as the coefficient of variation) ranging from 11 % to 21 % for P, 14 % to 26 % for ET, 28 % to 82 % for R, 76 % to 84 % for SWE, and 36 % to 96 % for SM. Uncertainty between estimates was lower in the eastern CONUS, with medians ranging from 5 % to 14 % for P, 13 % to 22 % for ET, 28 % to 82 % for R, 53 % to 63 % for SWE, and 42 % to 83 % for SM. Interannual trends in estimates from 1982 to 2010 show common disagreement in R, SWE, and SM. Correlating fluxes and stores against remote-sensing-derived products show poor overall correlation in the western CONUS for ET and SM estimates. Study results show that disagreement between estimates can be substantial, sometimes exceeding the magnitude of the measurements themselves. The authors conclude that multimodel ensembles are not only useful but are in fact a necessity for accurately representing uncertainty in research results. Spatial biases of model disagreement values in the western United States show that targeted research efforts in arid and semiarid water-limited regions are warranted, with the greatest emphasis on storage and runoff components, to better describe complexities of the terrestrial hydrologic system and reconcile model disagreement.