bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival benefit of adjuvant therapy completion with early initiation for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Okada Kenjiro , Uemura Kenichiro , Sumiyoshi Tatsuaki , Shintakuya Ryuta , Baba Kenta , Harada Takumi , Ishii Yasutaka , Oka Shiro , Murakami Yoshiaki , Takahashi Shinya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the prognostic effect of initiation timing and completion of adjuvant therapy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.MethodsThe medical records of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent radical pancreatectomy between 2006 and 2022 at Hiroshima University were retrospectively reviewed. Patient characteristics, perioperative outcomes, clinicopathological factors, and survival rates were analyzed. Adjuvant indications were for all patients who had a good postoperative status as early as possible. Early initiation was defined as adjuvant initiation within 4 weeks after surgery, and completion was defined as a total of 6 months of administration.ResultsIn total, 444 (294, resectable; 150, borderline resectable or locally advanced) patients who received adjuvant therapy were enrolled in this study. The median time to adjuvant therapy initiation was 20 days. In total, 328 patients with early initiation had better overall survival than those with delayed initiation, and 409 patients with adjuvant completion had better survival rates than those with incompletion. Multivariate overall survival analysis demonstrated that early adjuvant therapy initiation and completion were independent prognostic factors for prolonged survival. In total, 310 adjuvant completions with early initiation resulted in a median survival period of 81.8 months. Multivariate analysis identified severe postoperative complication as an independent risk factor preventing adjuvant completion with early initiation.ConclusionAdjuvant completion with early initiation may contribute to the improved survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Preventing severe postoperative complications may facilitate adjuvant completion with early initiation.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks: A Potential Platform From Enzyme Immobilization to Mimetic Enzyme
Authors: Kuang Geling , Wang Zichen , Bilal Muhammad , Wang Ziyuan , Feng Yuxiao , Du Yingjie , Cui Jiandong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new class of organic‐inorganic hybrid materials that have been widely studied in the past two decades for their potential in catalysis. (1) In this review, we comprehensively summarize the synthesis, application, and potential advancements of MOFs in enzyme immobilization and mimetic enzymes. (2) We also discuss the design principles behind various MOF‐based biocatalysts, such as enzyme@MOF composites, and explore their utility in various reactions. (3) Additionally, we highlight the advantages of MOF materials as enzyme mimetics and provide a perspective on potential solutions to current challenges in MOF catalysis. (4) Ultimately, this review provides a general overview of the most recent advances in MOF‐based catalyst platforms, including enzyme@MOF biocatalysts and MOF‐based nanozymes, in various applications.
Exploring the Laws of Developmental Direction Using a Documented Skeletal Collection
Authors: Nelson Jennifer S. , Harrington Lesley , Holland Emily , Cardoso Hugo F. V. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesMany human growth studies note a trend of differential variation in limb segment lengths, where distal elements show greater variability than their proximal counterparts. This has been attributed to their developmental sequence, where bones further from the head develop later and are more impacted by fluctuating growth conditions. We aimed to explore limb dimensions within this framework, known as the laws of developmental direction, in children (0.09–11.75 years) from a documented skeletal collection of low socioeconomic status.Materials and MethodsZ‐scores were generated for diaphyseal length measurements of six limb bones. Differences between mean z‐score values of the limbs, as well as of the proximal and distal segments of each limb, were assessed using paired samples t‐tests.ResultsThe lower limb was significantly more stunted in growth relative to the upper limb (p ≤ 0.001), as was the distal segment of the upper limb relative to the proximal segment (p ≤ 0.001). In contrast, the distal segment of the lower limb was significantly less stunted in growth relative to the proximal segment (p ≤ 0.001).DiscussionThe findings of increased sensitivity in the lower limb relative to the upper limb and in the distal segment of the upper limb relative to its proximal segment are consistent with the laws of developmental direction. However, the finding of greater sensitivity in the proximal segment of the lower limb relative to the distal segment does not align with the theorized developmental gradient. These results reveal the complexity of human growth and developmental plasticity in response to biocultural factors.
Simultaneous High Current Density and Selective Electrocatalytic CO2‐to‐CH4 through Intermediate Balancing
Authors: Hu Shuqi , Chen Yumo , Zhang Zhiyuan , Liu Heming , Kang Xin , Liu Jiarong , Li Shanlin , Luo Yuting , Liu Bilu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CH4 is promising for carbon neutrality and renewable energy storage but confronts low CH4 selectivity, especially at high current densities. The key challenge lies in promoting *CO intermediate and *H coupling while minimizing side reactions including C−C coupling and H−H coupling, which is particularly difficult at high current density due to abundant intermediates. Here we report a cooperative strategy to address this challenge using Cu‐based catalysts comprising Cu−N coordination polymer and CuO component that can simultaneously manage the key intermediates *CO and *H. A fast CO2‐to‐CH4 conversion rate of 3.14 mmol cm−2 h−1 is achieved at 1,300 mA cm−2 with a Faradaic efficiency of 51.7 %. In situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations show that the increased Cu−Cu distance in the Cu−N coordination polymer component favors multistep *CO hydrogenation over the dimerization, and the CuO component ensures an adequate supply of *H, together contributing to the selective CO2‐to‐CH4 conversion at high current densities. This work develops a cooperative strategy for the electrosynthesis of CH4 with simultaneous high current density and high selectivity by rational catalyst design, paving the way for its applications.
Isomerism Effect of 3D Dimeric Acceptors for Non‐Halogenated Solvent‐Processed Organic Solar Cells with 20 % Efficiency
Authors: Wang Jia , Wang Peiran , Chen Tianqi , Zhao Wenkai , Wang Jiaying , Lan Baofa , Feng Wanying , Liu Hang , Liu Yongsheng , Wan Xiangjian , Long Guankui , Kan Bin , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOrganic photovoltaic materials that can be processed via non‐halogenated solvents are crucial for the large‐area manufacturing of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the limited available of electron acceptors with adequate solubility and favorable molecular packing presents a challenge in achieving efficient non‐halogenated solvent‐processed OSCs. Herein, inspired by the three‐dimensional dimeric acceptor CH8‐4, we employed a molecular isomerization strategy to synthesize its isomers, CH8‐4A and CH8‐4B, by tuning the position of fluorine (F) atom in the central unit. The differing intramolecular fluorine‐sulfur non‐covalent interactions among these isomers led to differences in molecular pre‐aggregation abilities (CH8‐4B<CH8‐4<CH8‐4A) in o‐xylene (o‐XY) solution, which significantly influence the film‐forming process and the resultant morphological characteristics. Among these, the blend film of CH8‐4, characterized by moderate molecular pre‐aggregation, achieved optimal bi‐continuous donor/acceptor phase separation. Consequently, the o‐xylene processed PM6 : CH8‐4 device achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.1 %, outperforming that of two other devices. By incorporating L8‐BO‐D as a guest acceptor, we attained an impressive PCE of 20.0 % for the CH8‐4‐based ternary device, alongside a high PCE nearing 16 % for the mini‐module (13.5 cm2). Our findings underscore the potential of isomerism in 3D dimer acceptors to enhance the performance of eco‐friendly OSCs.
In Silico Docking Studies, ADMET Properties, DNA Interaction, and Biological and in Vivo Anti‐Inflammatory Studies of Schiff Base Metal Complexes Derived From o‐Hydroxyacetophenone
Authors: Maddikayala Sravanthi , Bengi Kavitha , Malkhed Vasavi , Pulimamidi Saritha Reddy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT[Fe(L)2Cl(H2O)] (1), [Co(L)2(H2O)2] (2), [Ni(L)2] (3), and [Cu(L)2] (4) complexes of Schiff base ligand (L), (Z)‐2‐(1‐((furan‐2‐ylmethyl)imino)ethyl)phenol were synthesized and characterized using Spectro analytical techniques. Studies on DNA binding revealed an intercalation binding mode with a significant binding potential that is supported by intrinsic (Kb) and stern‐volmer (Ksq) quenching constants. Nuclease activity was assessed using gel‐electrophoresis with CT–DNA. In silico drug binding studies were carried out using the AutoDock Vina, and drug interactions were visualized using the BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer. Pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated using the Swiss ADMET online server tool. The title compounds were modelled using the Gaussian 09 software, optimizing bond lengths and angles. The theoretical data from in silico docking studies are experimentally correlated with in vivo carrageenan‐induced anti‐inflammatory screening, which demonstrated a higher rate of inhibition in paw edema for complex 4. Studies on HeLA and A549 cell lines for anticancer effect indicated a promising activity for complex 4. Antimicrobial assays against bacterial and fungal strains showcased greater activity levels of the complexes in comparison with its ligand.
Different orthology inference algorithms generate similar predicted orthogroups among Brassicaceae species
Authors: Liao Irene T. , Sears Karen E. , Hileman Lena C. , Nikolov Lachezar A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPremiseOrthology inference is crucial for comparative genomics, and multiple algorithms have been developed to identify putative orthologs for downstream analyses. Despite the abundance of proposed solutions, including publicly available benchmarks, it is difficult to assess which tool is most suitable for plant species, which commonly have complex genomic histories.MethodsWe explored the performance of four orthology inference algorithms—OrthoFinder, SonicParanoid, Broccoli, and OrthNet—on eight Brassicaceae genomes in two groups: one group comprising only diploids and another set comprising the diploids, two mesopolyploids, and one recent hexaploid genome.ResultsThe composition of the orthogroups reflected the species' ploidy and genomic histories, with the diploid set having a higher proportion of identical orthogroups. While the diploid + higher ploidy set had a lower proportion of orthogroups with identical compositions, the average degree of similarity between the orthogroups was not different from the diploid set.DiscussionThree algorithms—OrthoFinder, SonicParanoid, and Broccoli—are helpful for initial orthology predictions. Results produced using OrthNet were generally outliers but could still provide detailed information about gene colinearity. With our Brassicaceae dataset, slight discrepancies were found across the orthology inference algorithms, necessitating additional analyses such as tree inference to fine‐tune results.
6‐aryloxy‐2‐aminopyrimidine‐benzonitrile hybrids as anti‐infective agents: Synthesis, bioevaluation, and molecular docking
Authors: Pranathi Abburi Naga , Devendra Nagineni , Bollikanda Rakesh K. , Bangalore Pavan K. , Esaulkova Iana L. , Mikhalsky Mikhail G. , Niukalova Maria A. , Zarubaev Vladimir V. , Sridhar Balasubramanian , Kantevari Srinivas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis report explores the potential of novel 6‐aryloxy‐2‐aminopyrimidine‐benzonitrile scaffolds as promising anti‐infective agents in the face of the increasing threat of infectious diseases. Starting from 2‐amino‐4,6‐dichloropyrimidine, a series of 24 compounds inspired from the antiviral drugs dapivirine, etravirine, and rilpivirine were designed and synthesized via a two‐step reaction sequence in good yields. Biological testing of synthetic analogs revealed potent inhibition against both viral and tuberculosis targets. Notably, compounds 5p (2,4‐dimethyl substitution; IC50 = 44 ± 4.9 µM; selectivity index [SI] = 20) and 5 s (3‐thiophenphenyl; IC50 = 6 ± 1 µM; SI = 120) showed significant antiviral activity against pandemic influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) with positive toxicity profiles and also exhibited good IC50 values (5p, IC50 = 10 ± 2 µM; SI = 9 and 5 s, IC50 = 16 ± 2 µM; SI = 60) against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) (Wuhan strain) compared with favipiravir. In addition, analogs 5a, 5r, 5t, and 5u showed good antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain and compounds 3, 5f, 5n, and 5q showed moderate antibacterial activity against gram+ve and gram‐ve bacterial strains, suggesting that this scaffold has a broad spectrum of therapeutic effects.
Distinct Pathophysiologic Pathways Support Stratification of Sjögren's Disease Based on Symptoms, Clinical, and Routine Biological Data
Authors: Nguyen Yann , Beydon Maxime , Gottenberg Jacques‐Eric , Morel Jacques , Perdriger Aleth , Dernis Emmanuelle , Cornec Divi , Devauchelle‐Pensec Valérie , Sène Damien , Dieudé Philippe , Couderc Marion , Fauchais Anne‐Laure , Larroche Claire , Vittecoq Olivier , Salliot Carine , Hachulla Eric , Le Guern Véronique , Mariette Xavier , Seror Raphaèle , Nocturne Gaëtane 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveRecently, three distinct phenotypes of patients with Sjögren disease (SjD) have been described based on cluster analysis: B cell active with low symptoms (BALS), high systemic activity (HSA), and low systemic activity with high symptoms (LSAHS). We aimed to assess whether these clusters were associated with distinct biomarkers and the prognostic value of interferon (IFN) signature.MethodsThe Assessment of Systemic Signs and Evolution in Sjögren's Syndrome cohort is a 20‐year prospective cohort of patients with SjD. The following biomarkers were compared: IFN‐α2, IFN‐γ, CXCL10, CXCL13, BAFF, interleukin (IL)‐7, fms‐like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, CCL19, and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNF‐RII). IFN signature was assessed using transcriptomic analysis. We then compared systemic and symptomatic evolution, and the risk of new immunosuppressant prescription and of lymphoma, according to the IFN signature across the three clusters.ResultsA total of 395 patients (94% female, median age 53 [interquartile range 43–63] years) were included. Higher levels of CXCL13, IL‐7, and TNF‐RII were found in the BALS and HSA clusters compared with the LSAHS cluster. A high IFN signature was mainly found in the BALS cluster (57%, vs 48% and 38% in the HSA and LSAHS clusters, respectively). This IFN signature was mainly driven by type I IFN, with higher levels of IFN‐α2. In the BALS cluster, a high IFN signature was associated with a higher risk of new immunosuppressant treatment (hazard ratio 9.38; 95% confidence interval 1.22–72.16). All lymphoma occurred in patients with high IFN signature.ConclusionThe three SjD clusters displayed distinct expressions of IFN signature and markers of T and B cell activation, confirming distinct pathophysiologic mechanisms. High IFN signature could predict systemic evolution in the BALS cluster.
Comparative performance of Fe‐MOx/SiO2 (M = V, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo) and FeOx/SiO2 catalysts in reductive liquefaction of switchgrass in ethanol
Authors: Amarasekara Ananda S. , Morales Gabriel Murillo , Kommalapati Raghava R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass under a hydrogen atmosphere is a promising technology to produce stable biocrude oil as a sustainable alternative to petroleum crude. A series of iron‐based non‐noble mix metal‐oxide‐on‐silica catalysts were evaluated to mimic the natural transformation that may have led to the conversion of terrestrial biomass to fossilized fuels. Switchgrass powder was liquefied to a stable bio‐oil with a 71.2% yield by using FeOx/SiO2 catalyst in ethanol under a 5.5 MPa hydrogen atmosphere at 210 °C. The use of Fe‐MOx/SiO2 (M = V, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and Mo) type bimetallic oxide catalysts instead of FeOx/SiO2 can produce improvements in liquefaction yields by using Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu as the second metal. The highest liquefaction yield of 78.8% was observed with the Fe‐CuOx/SiO2 catalyst. Liquefaction oils were formed that were composed of complex mixtures of C6‐C12 alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and phenols. The lignin products:holocellulose products ratio changed in the range 0.35 to 0.15 and the composition of oils changed significantly with the use of mixed metal oxides in place of single metal FeOx/SiO2 The most effective catalyst, Fe‐CuOx/SiO2 could be reused in five cycles with a small loss in liquefaction yield from 78.8% to 70.0% after four reuse cycles and after regeneration of the catalyst at 500 °C for 3 h in air.
Neuropeptides: The Evergreen Jack‐of‐All‐Trades in Neuronal Circuit Development and Regulation
Authors: Hevesi Zsofia , Hökfelt Tomas , Harkany Tibor 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTNeuropeptides are key modulators of adult neurocircuits, balancing their sensitivity to both excitation and inhibition, and fine‐tuning fast neurotransmitter action under physiological conditions. Here, we reason that transient increases in neuropeptide availability and action exist during brain development for synapse maturation, selection, and maintenance. We discuss fundamental concepts of neuropeptide signaling at G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs), with a particular focus on how signaling at neuropeptide GPCRs could underpin neuronal morphogenesis. We use galanin, a 29/30 amino acid‐long neuropeptide, as an example for its retrograde release from the dendrites of thalamic neurons to impact the selection and wiring of sensory afferents originating at the trigeminal nucleus through galanin receptor 1 (GalR1) engagement. Thus, we suggest novel roles for neuropeptides, expressed transiently or permanently during both pre‐ and postnatal neuronal circuit development, with potentially life‐long effects on circuit layout and ensuing behavioral operations.
Interaction Between Autophagy and the Inflammasome in Human Tumors: Implications for the Treatment of Human Cancers
Authors: Xia Qing , Zhang Jingzhou 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAutophagy is a physiologically regulated cellular process orchestrated by autophagy‐related genes (ATGs) that, depending on the tumor type and stage, can either promote or suppress tumor growth and progression. It can also modulate cancer stem cell maintenance and immune responses. Therefore, targeted manipulation of autophagy may inhibit tumor development by overcoming tumor‐promoting mechanisms. The inflammasome is another multifunctional bioprocess that induces a form of pro‐inflammatory programmed cell death, called pyroptosis. Dysregulation or overactivation of the inflammasome has been implicated in tumor pathogenesis and development. Additionally, autophagy can inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome by removing inflammatory drivers. Recent research suggests that the NLRP3 inflammasome, in turn, affects autophagy. Understanding the complex interplay between autophagy and inflammasomes could lead to more precise and effective strategies for cancer treatments. In this review, we summarize the impact of autophagy and inflammasome dysregulation on tumor progression or suppression. We then highlight their targeting for cancer treatment as monotherapy or in combination with other therapies. Furthermore, we discuss the interaction between autophagy and tumor‐promoting inflammation or the NLRP3 inflammasome. Finally, based on recent findings, we review the potential of this interaction for cancer treatment.
Endovascular Treatment of Malfunctioning Dialysis Fistulas: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis Comparing Transradial and Conventional Transvenous Access
Authors: Minici Roberto , Venturini Massimo , Fontana Federico , Guzzardi Giuseppe , Torre Federico , Spinetta Marco , Coppola Andrea , Piacentino Filippo , Guerriero Pasquale , De Rosi Nicola , Apollonio Biagio , Franchin Marco , Giurazza Francesco ,   MGJR Research Team, Brunese Luca , Laganà Domenico 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundVenous outflow is the favored access for endovascular management of dialysis fistulas. However, transradial access (TRA) offers advantages in specific clinical scenarios. The study aims to compare the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of TRA and transvenous access (TVA) in the endovascular management of malfunctioning dialysis fistulas, addressing the existing gap in comprehensive literature.MethodsA retrospective multi‐center analysis included prospectively collected data (January 2021–November 2023) from patients undergoing endovascular management of malfunctioning dialysis fistulas with TRA. Control groups comprised patients with TVA.ResultsOf 206 patients, 62 underwent TRA, and 144 underwent TVA. Baseline demographics showed a well‐matched distribution. TRA exhibited longer cannulation times but similar procedural and fluoroscopy times. Technical success rates were high for both TRA (98.4%) and TVA (97.2%). Clinical success rates were comparable (96.8% vs. 95.8%). Postprocedure access flow rates and complications demonstrated no significant differences.ConclusionsThis study provides the first direct comparison of TRA and TVA in malfunctioning dialytic fistulas. While venous outflow remains the standard vascular access site for managing malfunctioning dialysis fistulas, TRA shows comparable efficacy, safety, and feasibility, making it a viable alternative in specific clinical contexts. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to determine the long‐term durability of TRA.
Closure of a Late‐Onset Iatrogenic Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Caused by Erosion of an Apical Muscular VSD Device
Authors: Haddad Raymond N. , Bou Houssein Haytham , Adel Hassan Ahmed , Kasem Mohamed 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe report the case of a 3‐year‐old asymptomatic girl (12 kg, 96 cm) who was diagnosed with a large iatrogenic left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVP) on follow‐up ultrasound, 14 months after apical muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure with a 10 mm Amplatzer Muscular VSD occluder (Abbott, USA) due to device erosion. The LVP was successfully occluded using detachable Penumbra coils, with complete thrombo‐exclusion confirmed at 12‐month follow‐up.
Electrochemical Conversion of N‐Sulfinylamines to Sulfonimidoyl Fluorides
Authors: Gao Fang‐Ling , He Xinglei , Zhao Bin , Lin Yuqi , Ye Ke‐Yin 
Published: December 2024

Comprehensive SummaryThe invention of novel linkers is a long‐lasting task in the area of the sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange reaction (SuFEx). Compared with the most frequently investigated sulfonyl fluorides, synthetic accessibility toward its mono‐aza isostere, i.e., sulfonimidoyl fluorides is still limited. Herein, we report an electrochemical carbonfluorination of the readily available N‐sulfinylamines to access various aryl and alkyl sulfonimidoyl fluorides. The transformation is characterized by the ready availability of starting materials, mild reaction conditions, and obviating metal catalysts and chemical oxidants.