bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Is it all just lip service?”: on Instagram and the normalisation of the cosmetic servicescape
Authors: Rodner Victoria , Goode Amy , Burns Zara 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
To better understand the uptake of cosmetic procedures in the wake of Instagram, this study aims to unravel how the aesthetic labour of influencers acts as the packaging of the cosmetic servicescape. In doing so, the authors contribute to theorising of aesthetic and emotional labour within the services marketing literature, fleshing out the bodywork of influential others not as employees but endorsers, who act like the “walking billboards” (Zeithaml and Bitner, 2003) for the cosmetic service industry.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts a dual qualitative approach to data collection, coupling netnographic material from Instagram posts with 16 in-depth interviews with female Instagram users who have undergone or hope to undergo cosmetic surgery. Using mediated discourse analysis, the authors weave their visual and discursive data together for a richer account of the commoditisation of cosmetic surgery.

Findings
Adopting a postfeminist neoliberal lens, where women are viewed as aesthetic entrepreneurs who are constantly working on the body and the self, the findings of the study reveal how influencers’ aesthetic and emotional labour help package, propagate and demystify the cosmetic servicescape. Through their visual storytelling, we see how influencers help endorse (local) cosmetic services; commoditise cosmetic procedures through the conspicuous display of their ongoing body projects whilst masking the labour and pain involved; and how face-filters that use augmented reality (AR) technology foster new forms of (digitised) body dysmorphia.

Originality/value
The authors shed light on the darker side of social media and body-enhancing technologies, where tales of body transformation trivialise cosmetic intervention and AR technology induces a digitised body dysmorphia.
Rewiring practice: community mental health professionals’ attitudes towards and knowledge of electroconvulsive therapy in the context of advance decision-making
Authors: Dunlop Rebecca , Cetrano Gaia 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
In England, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) cannot be administered to service users who make an advance decision to refuse the treatment, unless in life-threatening circumstances. In a sector where person-centred practice is revered, no prior research has investigated whether community mental health practitioners (CMHPs) encourage service users to make advance decisions about ECT. This study aims to explore whether CMHPs have supported advance decision-making about ECT and whether their profession, attitudes towards and knowledge of the treatment affect this.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative online survey was completed by n = 120 CMHPs (nurses, social workers and occupational therapists). The validated Questionnaire on Attitudes and Knowledge of ECT was used.

Findings
In total, 93% of participants knew service users who had undergone ECT, yet only 12% had supported a service user to make an advance decision about ECT. Compared to those who had not supported advance decision-making, those who had shown significantly higher knowledge and a more positive attitude. Nurses and those who had worked in the mental health field for over 10 years had significantly higher knowledge of ECT.

Originality/value
CMHPs are well placed to support advance decision-making about ECT. Increased knowledge about advance decisions and ECT may bolster the uptake of advance decision-making, thus greater training is recommended.
Multi-physics properties of thermoplastic polyurethane at various fused filament fabrication parameters
Authors: Kasmi Samir , Ginoux Geoffrey , Labbé Eric , Alix Sébastien 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to test a flexible polymer with different characteristics compared to other classical polymers mostly used in the additive manufacturing process, and to improve its mechanical properties and microstructure, by modifying different printing parameters, to make it more suitable for various industrial applications.

Design/methodology/approach
Seven parameters were tested, namely, nozzle temperature, bed temperature, layer thickness, printing speed, flow rate, printing time gap between two successive printed layers and raster orientation. Rheological characterizations were conducted to evaluate the influence of nozzle temperature on the melt viscosity of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The effect of thermal printing parameters on the crystallinity behavior was explored. Tomographic characterizations were realized to measure the porosity and evaluate the internal structure quality of printed specimens.

Findings
Increases of the nozzle temperature, bed temperature, layer thickness and flow rate had a positive influence on the tensile strength properties of TPU with a reduction of porosity. Higher printing speeds created defects and negatively influenced the strength properties of TPU. An increase in the printing time gap between layers led to poor interlayer adhesion and decreased the tensile strength. Specimens with layers all oriented parallel to the loading direction exhibited superior mechanical properties compared to other raster orientations.

Originality/value
Thermoplastic elastomers are a unique class of polymers characterized by the combined thermal, chemical and mechanical properties of their elastomer and thermoplastic parts. TPU elastomer, as one of the elastomer families, has found an important position in the bioengineering and three-dimensional printing industry. This study reports a comprehensive study of the impact of additive manufacturing parameters on the properties of TPU.
Resident interactions when affirming and correcting peers in a therapeutic community for women
Authors: Warren Keith Leverett , Doogan Nathan , Wernekinck Uwe , Doherty Fiona Claire 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
While recent years have seen a number of studies of social networks in therapeutic communities (TCs) and other residential settings, these have primarily focused on male residents. This paper aims to conduct a longitudinal social network analysis of interpersonal interactions in a TC for women.

Design/methodology/approach
The data consists of a longitudinal directed social network of instances of feedback between 56 residents of a 16 bed TC for women over a period of 611 days. Mean age of the participants was 33.1 years, mean length of stay was 133.9 days and 91% of the participants were female. Feedback consisted of written affirmations for prosocial behavior and written corrections for contravening TC norms. Data was analyzed using a latent factor longitudinal social network model.

Findings
Residents react to peer intervention in complex ways. Residents reciprocated affirmations (B = 0.14, 95% confidence interval = 0.10, 0.18) and corrections (B = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.13, 0.25). Controlling for reciprocity, participants who received affirmations were more likely to affirm and correct peers (B = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.06, 0.15; B = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.10, 0.23), suggesting that the encouragement offered by affirmations leads to increased activity. Homophily by admission time occurred in both affirmations and corrections (B = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.10, 0.37; B = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.29, 0.74).

Originality/value
While affirmations and corrections serve as vehicles for behavioral reinforcement and social learning, they also allow residents to interact in ways that strengthen social bonds.
Cyanobacterial persistence and influence on microbial community dynamics over 15 years in induced biocrusts
Authors: Lan Shubin , Wu Li , Adessi Alessandra , Hu Chunxiang 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBiocrusts provide numerous ecological functions in drylands. Recovering biocrusts via cyanobacterial inoculation recently gathered interest for ecological restoration, yet it still lacks long‐term experiments to unravel biocrust community dynamics. To examine how cyanobacterial inoculants influenced local microbial community and biocrust development, we observed a 2 km2 (Qubqi Desert, China) inoculation experiment after 10 and 15 years, following biocrust formation. Our results revealed that biocrust development was in line with ecological regime shift, providing evidence for biocrust community succession, from cyanobacteria‐ to moss‐dominated types. Associated with biocrust development, microbial communities differed significantly with less specialists compared to shifting sands. Cyanobacterial community analysis showed that Microcoleus vaginatus and Scytonema javanicum are an ideal inoculating model, as they were still dominating the community after 15 years since inoculation, while other nitrogen‐fixing cyanobacteria occurred profusely with biocrust development. Biocrust community composition combined with thickness, Chl‐a and exopolysaccharide measurements revealed the large variation of cyanobacterial ecological functions along biocrust development, suggesting a main function shift: from carbon fixation associated with exopolysaccharide secretion in bare sandy soils to nitrogen fixation in developed biocrusts. This large‐scale field study verifies that cyanobacterial inoculation accelerates biocrust development and forwards succession, shaping the biocrust community composition over a long time.
Austerity Redux: The Post‐pandemic Wave of Budget Cuts and the Future of Global Public Health
Authors: Kentikelenis Alexander , Stubbs Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe convergence of health, economic and social crises over the past 1.5 years has posed profound questions over the direction of travel for the world after COVID‐19. The narrative emerging out of major international organizations like the International Monetary Fund stresses avoiding a ‘divergent recovery’, whereby some countries steam ahead with high growth rates underpinned by robust government interventions and others fall further behind. In this account, crisis aftermath should not witness budget cuts, but investment in employment and human capital formation. So, is austerity a thing of the past? In this article, we review available evidence, focusing on public spending projections by the IMF and the precise content of IMF lending arrangements. Overall, we find that abandonment of the austerity argument is partially true right now, and questionable in the medium‐term. Our analysis of public expenditure projections reveals that by 2023, 83 out of 189 countries will face contractions in government spending compared to their 2010s average, thereby exposing a cumulative total of 2.3 billion people to the socio‐economic consequences of budget cuts. Most of the contracting countries will be middle‐income, while public spending in low‐income countries is expected to stagnate at low levels. Further, the IMF's lending arrangements reveal the return of extensive austerity measures and structural reforms, reminiscent of the organization's past policy advice. Drawing on these findings, we elaborate on how this will likely impact global public health.
Gambling and homelessness in older adults: a qualitative investigation
Authors: Vandenberg Brian , Livingstone Charles , Carter Adrian , O'Brien Kerry 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsHomelessness is one of the most significant harms associated with gambling and appears to affect older adults disproportionately, but the relationship has received little research attention. This exploratory study investigated how gambling and homelessness is linked in older adults.MethodsUsing qualitative research methods, we undertook in‐depth semi structured face‐to‐face individual and group interviews to gather data from a purposive sample (n = 48) of key informants working in service provision for older adults (aged 50+ years) experiencing gambling‐related harm and/or homelessness in Victoria, Australia. Thematic analysis of data focused on evaluating mechanisms and identifying contextual conditions that activate pathways between gambling and homelessness.ResultsThe relationship between gambling and homelessness in older adults is often indirect and non‐linear, and can represent a reflexive cycle. Experiencing periods of homelessness into older age can contribute to gambling, often because the adverse impacts of homelessness on older adults’ mental and material wellbeing increase the appeal of gambling. Additionally, comorbidities (e.g. substance use, mental illness, past trauma) and structural conditions (e.g. gambling accessibility, poverty, housing insecurity) can activate gambling. Furthermore, because gambling in the older homeless adult population is frequently hidden and regularly overlooked by service providers, it often continues unabated. Gambling in older adults can also contribute to the onset of first‐time homelessness. Large and rapid losses from high‐intensity gambling frequently characterize this route to homelessness. Such gambling is often triggered by major life events and changes (e.g. bereavement, job loss, relationship difficulties), and the outcomes are often worsened by the conduct of gambling operators and creditors.ConclusionsThe link between gambling and homelessness in older adults is complex, with connecting mechanisms often contingent upon individual, interpersonal and structural conditions and contexts. There is potential for preventative and ameliorative action given many of the underlying conditions appear modifiable through policy intervention.
Opioid and sedative requirements in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients on hydromorphone versus fentanyl
Authors: Browder Kelsey , Wanek Matthew , Wang Lu , Hohlfelder Benjamin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuit causes pharmacokinetic alterations of medications which impact drug selection and dosing. Although hydromorphone has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, it is unclear whether hydromorphone provides better patient‐centered benefits compared to fentanyl. The objective of this study is to compare opioid and sedative requirements in ECMO patients started on a fentanyl‐ versus hydromorphone‐based analgesia regimen.MethodsThis was a non‐interventional retrospective cohort study. It was conducted at a single center in the cardiovascular intensive care units and cardiac intensive care units. We included venovenous (VV) or venoarterial ECMO patients. Patients who were started on a fentanyl continuous infusion within 24 h of cannulation were compared to patients started on a hydromorphone continuous infusion.ResultsA linear mixed effects model was performed to compare doses of opioid, sedative, and propofol between groups over time. We included 28 hydromorphone patients and 53 fentanyl patients, with 85% on VV ECMO. There were no differences between hydromorphone and fentanyl groups in opioid or sedative (including propofol and benzodiazepine) doses for any ECMO day (p value for interaction .63 and .83, respectively). Propofol doses alone, however, were significantly higher in the fentanyl group on ECMO days three, four, and five.ConclusionsThere appear to be no major differences in opioid or sedative requirements whether ECMO patients are initiated on a hydromorphone‐ or fentanyl‐based regimen.
Clinical characteristics and comorbidities associated with testosterone prescribing in men
Authors: Sharma Aditi , Ul‐Haq Zia , Sindi Emad , Al‐Sharefi Ahmed , Kamalati Tahereh , Dhillo Waljit S. , Minhas Suks , Jayasena Channa N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTestosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is recommended for the treatment of symptomatic hypogonadism in men. Data on prescription behaviours are, however, limited and conflicting. The objective of this study was to investigate clinical characteristics associated with the likelihood of being prescribed TRT by general practitioners (GP) in North‐West London (NWL).DesignRetrospective cohort study using Discover database of GP‐registered patients in NWL between 2015 and 2019.PatientsWe identified 20,299 men aged ≥18 years with serum total testosterone measurement (TT) and without prior TRT prescription records.MeasurementsWe determined whether TRT was subsequently commenced, while analysing clinical characteristics related to hypogonadism.ResultsOf all men having TT measurement, 19,583 (96.4%) were not commenced on TRT (Group A) and 716 (3.5%) men were commenced on TRT (Group B). Men prescribed TRT (Group B) had higher mean age, body mass index (BMI) and higher risks of hypertension, depression type 2 diabetes and ischaemic heart disease; conversely, men in Group B had lower mean pretreatment TT and were less likely to have prostate cancer. Four‐hundred and thirty‐six men (24.3%) with TT < 8 nmol/L and symptoms of low libido were not prescribed TRT.ConclusionsOur study highlights several factors which may influence the decisions made by clinicians when initiating TRT in primary care. Clearer guidance for clinicians may help to improve the consistency of treatment of men with hypogonadism.
Identification of a novel mutant allele of LIM homeobox transcription factor 1 alpha (dreher) in mice
Authors: Suto Jun‐ichi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA male mouse exhibiting bidirectional circling behavior was identified in a Y‐chromosome consomic strain known as DH‐Chr YRR. The putative mutation responsible for the circling behavior was inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and was termed circ. To identify its causative gene, we performed exome sequencing; of the 34 candidates discovered, we found a novel nonsynonymous single nucleotide variation in LIM homeobox transcription factor 1 alpha (Lmx1a) (c.394G > C, p.Gly132Arg). The genetic linkage between Lmx1a and circ was confirmed in (♀BALB/cA × ♂DH‐Chr YRR‐circ/circ) F2 and (♀C57BL/6J × ♂DH‐Chr YRR‐circ/circ) F2 mice. The Lmx1a mutation led to many abnormalities that affected growth, pigmentation, reproduction, and cerebellar morphology. We showed that (♀BALB/cA × ♂DH‐Chr YRR‐circ/circ) F2‐circ/circ mice demonstrated significantly lower body mass than the F2‐+/? mice. Unlike the F2‐+/? mice, few (♀C57BL/6J × ♂DH‐Chr YRR‐circ/circ) F2‐circ/circ mice exhibited a belly spot. The circ/circ females were also invariably sterile, probably because of an underdeveloped uterus. Moreover, the circ/circ mice presented fewer cerebellar granule cells with lower density than the F2‐+/? mice. Although non‐complementation between circ and the known Lmx1a mutant alleles remains unconfirmed, the coisogenic nature of circ strongly suggests that it is a novel variant of Lmx1a, previously known as dreher. Therefore, we have assigned the gene symbol Lmx1adr‐circ to circ. In addition to Lmx1adr‐J and Lmx1adr‐kjmi, Lmx1adr‐circ is the third allele that causes a missense mutation within LIM domains. Identification of missense mutations is necessary to specify the critical residues for abrogating the in vivo functions of LMX1A.
Outcomes of hybrid closed‐loop insulin delivery activated 24/7 versus evening and night in free‐living prepubertal children with type 1 diabetes: A multicentre, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Renard Eric , Tubiana‐Rufi Nadia , Bonnemaison Elisabeth , Coutant Régis , Dalla‐Vale Fabienne , Bismuth Elise , Faure Nathalie , Bouhours‐Nouet Natacha , Farret Anne , Storey Caroline , Donzeau Aurélie , Poidvin Amélie , Amsellem‐Jager Jessica , Place Jérôme , Breton Marc D. ,   Free‐life Kid AP Study Group
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo assess the safety and efficacy of hybrid closed‐loop (HCL) insulin delivery 24/7 versus only evening and night (E/N), and on extended 24/7 use, in free‐living children with type 1 diabetes.Materials and MethodsPrepubertal children (n = 122; 49 females/73 males; age, 8.6 ± 1.6 years; diabetes duration, 5.2 ± 2.3 years; insulin pump use, 4.6 ± 2.5 years; HbA1c 7.7% ± 0.7%/61 ± 5 mmol/mol) from four centres were randomized for 24/7 versus E/N activation of the Tandem Control‐IQ system for 18 weeks. Afterwards, all children used the activated system 24/7 for 18 more weeks. The primary outcome was the percentage of time spent in the 70‐180 mg/dL glucose range (TIR).ResultsHCL was active 94.1% and 51.1% of the time in the 24/7 and E/N modes, respectively. TIR from baseline increased more in the 24/7 versus the E/N mode (52.9% ± 9.5% to 67.3% ± 5.6% [+14.4%, 95% CI 12.4%‐16.7%] vs. 55.1% ± 10.8% to 64.7% ± 7.0% [+9.6%, 95% CI 7.4%‐11.6%]; P = .001). Mean percentage time below range was similarly reduced, from 4.2% and 4.6% to 2.7%, and the mean percentage time above range decreased more in the 24/7 mode (41.9% to 30.0% [–11.9%, 95% CI 9.7%‐14.6%] vs. 39.8% to 32.6% [–7.2%, 95% CI 5.0%‐9.9%]; P = .007). TIR increased through the whole range of baseline levels and always more with 24/7 use. The results were maintained during the extension phase in those initially on 24/7 use and improved in those with initial E/N use up to those with 24/7 use. Neither ketoacidosis nor severe hypoglycaemia occurred.ConclusionsThe current study shows the safety and efficacy of the Tandem Control‐IQ system in free‐living children with type 1 diabetes for both E/N and 24/7 use; 24/7 use shows better outcomes, sustained for up to 36 weeks with no safety issues.
Do anxiety and depression symptoms moderate the effect of motivational enhancement therapy as a pretreatment to dialectical behaviour therapy skills training? A follow‐up analysis of a pilot randomised controlled trial for youth
Authors: Colvin Eamon , Tobon Juliana I. , Zipursky Robert B. , Streiner David L. , Ouimet Allison J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimWe conducted a follow‐up analysis of a pilot randomised controlled trial to examine whether baseline depression and anxiety symptoms moderated the impact of a motivational enhancement therapy (MET) pretreatment to dialectical behaviour therapy skill training (DBT‐ST) for EA experiencing emotion dysregulation.MethodsAll participants completed a 12‐week DBT‐ST group intervention and participants in the MET/DBT‐ST condition also completed a 4‐week group MET pretreatment. Nineteen MET/DBT‐ST participants and 26 DBT‐ST only participants completed the treatment as per protocol.ResultsBaseline anxiety and depression symptoms moderated the impact of the MET pretreatment for participants' reductions in emotion dysregulation and psychological distress, respectively, at a 3‐month follow‐up: participants with more severe baseline symptoms benefited more from the pretreatment. However, baseline symptoms did not moderate the effect of MET immediately after treatment.ConclusionsThese results identified for whom MET is most effective as a pretreatment for DBT‐ST amongst a heterogenous sample of EA in a real‐world setting.