bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TATA LETAK DAN PERANCANGAN PEMBANGUNAN BALE SAKARORAS
Authors: I Gede Ngurah Mardiana Putra  , Desak Made Sukma Widiyani, ST, MT.  
Published: March 2021

Arsitektur tradisional Bali sangat erat kaitannya dengan budaya dan agama hindu di Bali. Arsitektur tradisional Bali juga tidak terlepas dari filosofi-filosofi atau konsep yang terkandung didalamnya. Salah satu bale adat yang jarang ditemui adalah Bale Sakaroras, karena hanya beberapa kalangan masyarakat yang memiliki kasta tertentulah yang boleh mendirikan Bale Sakaroras. Bale sakaroras adalah suatu bangunan yang memiliki dua belas tiang juga menempati daerah di bagian kelod suatu pekarangan rumah dan juga tidak bisa di tiduri oleh orang yang sudah bersuami istri. Filosofi yang melandasi Bale Sakaroras adalah Panca Maha Bhuta dan Tri Angga. Fungsi Bale Sakaroras adalah tempat untuk melaksanakan upacara adat agama Hindu. Pembangunan dari Bale Sakaroras ini tediri dari tiga bagian yaitu bataran yang merupakan bagian bawah bangunan, bagian tengah dan juga bagian atas. Dengan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengembangkan dan menerangkan tata letak dan pembangunan Bale Sakaroras karena merupakan warisan dari pendahulu kita yang di dalamnya mengandung nilai-nilai filosofis dan sejarah dan tata letak bangunan Bali.
ETIKA PROFESI DAN PROFESIONALISME BAGI ARSITEK DALAM BERKARYA
Authors: Frysa Wiriantari  
Published: March 2021

Perkembangan dunia rancang bangun, mensyaratkan bagi para arsitek untuk terus berkompetisi dengan tetap berlandaskan etika dan kode etik professional. Ditengah tuntutan kepentingan berbagai pihak arsitek harus tetap berjalan di aturan dan tetap memberikan “kepuasa” secara maksimal bagi semua pihak. Penelitian ini bertujua untuk memberikan pemahaman bagaimana etika profesi Arsitek harus tetap bisa diakui dalam gelanggang pembangunan yang penuh kepentingan. Metode yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan data skunder berupa melalui studi litelatur. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa etika berprofesi akan sangat tergantung dari penilaian subjektif masing masing individu. Etika akan memberikan pengakuan dan penghargaan terhadap profesi dan apa yang telah arsitek lakukan. Menjaga moral sebagai seorang arsitek untuk tetap diakui oleh masyarakat adalah bagian dari etika yang harus dipertahankan. Dan dalam perspektif etika profesi, arsitek diminta untuk bisa bersikap menghindari konflik kepentingan. Ketika, nilai-nilai yang menjadi dasar bagi para pelaku pembangunan berbeda-beda, maka etika menjadi relatif.
Distante do Éden
Authors: Branco Adélia de Melo , Vainsencher Semira Adler 
Published: March 2021

Analisando-se a realidade concreta do Nordeste do Brasil, de acordo com Ba­celar (1997), não há como negar: a despeito do grande crescimen­ to econômico e da entrada no mercado globalizado, a pobreza continua sendo uma das características mais marcantes dessa Região. Segundo Guimarães Neto (1997), inúmeros fatores, entre eles a es­ cravidão e a concentração do poder po­ lítico e econômico, contribuíram para a existência da pobreza que o Nordeste en­ frenta, deixaram marcas profundas na economia local e tiveram uma forte in­ fluência na sua evolução. Tais fatores concorreram para dificultar o acesso à terra, garantir a presença marcante do latifúndio - onde o proprietário, no con­ texto de relativo excedente de popula­ ção, sempre possuiu uma enorme capa­ cidade de definir relações de explora­ ção da força de trabalho - e defender o papel do capital mercantil, no interior da própria economia regional, além do papel que o mesmo exerceu nas relações do Nordeste com os comércios interna­ cional e inter-regional, notadamente na comercialização da produção agrícola. [...]
O papel da família e de organizações civis no ensino de português para crianças brasileiras
Authors: Souza Ana Beatriz Barboza de 
Published: March 2021

A emigração brasileira se tornou significativa nos anos 1980 e, na Europa, o Reino Unido desponta como um dos países com maior crescimento no número de imigrantes brasileiros. Como consequência, há um grande número de crianças brasileiras no sistema educacional inglês, além das crianças de várias outras origens. Independentemente do nível de inglês que possuem, essas crianças são matriculadas no sistema educacional regular. Neste texto, discuto as diretrizes educacionais inglesas em resposta à grande população de crianças imigrantes em suas escolas. Adiciono a esta discussão um retrato da atuação de famílias brasileiras em Londres em prol do ensino de português para seus filhos e de organizações voluntárias brasileiras. Concluo com sugestões a respeito de como a atuação destas organizações pode se desenvolver de uma maneira mais efetiva e clamo por um maior envolvimento das autoridades brasileiras na questão da educação de crianças, jovens e adultos brasileiros que vivem no exterior.
A Lembrança do Sul
Authors: Cappellin Paola 
Published: March 2021

Depois de 16 de março, dia inaugural do plano “Brasil Novo”, os eventos vão rapidamente delineando um processo de recessão econômica, no qual se detecta a reorganização da oferta de emprego. Os jornais, reproduzindo as estatísticas do DIEESE (Departamento Intersindical de Estatística e Estudos Sócio-Econômicos), IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística) e FIESP (Federação das Indústrias do Estado de São Paulo), tomam manchete o desemprego que imediatamente atinge os trabalhadores da construção civil, da indústria e dos serviços. Além disso, quando os dados deste período são comparados com aqueles dos períodos imediatamente posteriores aos planos “Cruzado”, “Bresser”, e “Verão”, observa-se que o plano “Brasil Novo” apresenta um impacto recessivo mais intenso, sendo que o desemprego e demissões atingem mais uma vez um tradicional segmento de trabalhadores urbanos: os nordestinos que haviam migrado para as grandes cidades do Centro-Sul. [...]
Potential Role of Door Handles in the Spread of Drug Resistant Bacteria in Makerere University.
Authors:   , Nabawanuka Immaculate 
Published: March 2021

Background: The transmission of diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria is still a threat. One of the potential sources of bacterial diseases is the door handles. This study aimed at isolating, identifying bacteria, determining total bacterial load, and determining antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria obtained from door handles in Makerere university. Methodology: A total of 60 samples randomly scattered within the university were swabbed and analyzed for bacterial growth. Samples were inoculated on MacConkey and blood agar and then incubated at 37 ºC for 24 hours. All sample isolates were sub cultured and identified based on macro and micromorphology, and standard biochemical tests. The establishment of the total bacterial load was done using the standard plate count method. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using the disc diffusion method on Muller Hilton agar. Results: The following bacterial species and genera were obtained from door handles, staphylococcus aureus (30.8%), Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (12.0%), Streptococcus species (24.2%), Escherichia coli (7.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.3%), bacilli species (11.0%). The study showed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of bacilli species (p= 0.017) and E. coli (p= 0.015) among the study group. The results from total bacterial count indicated that toilet door handles had the highest bacterial load compared to office door handles and classrooms. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolates showed that all bacteria were resistant and intermediately resistant to commonly used antibiotics except for Escherichia coli that was susceptible to amoxicillin Conclusion and recommendations: The study reveals that door handles are a considerable source of pathogenic bacteria thus play a major role in the transmission of diseases caused by such bacteria. Further studies could be done and different study groups could be included for example routinely opened doors and the doors which are not routinely opened.
Factores Psicosociales Influyentes en la Actitud de Estudiantes de Medicina Paraguayos Hacia la Donación de Órganos
Authors: Ayala-Servín Nicolás , A. Urizar César , Duré-Martínez Marcia , Samaniego Avalos Victor , Natalia Ayala Rocio Madghali 
Published: March 2021

Introducción: El trasplante de órganos es considerado el avance más significativo de la medicina moderna. Paraguay es uno de los países con las tasas más bajas de donación de órganos, alcanzando 7 donaciones por millón de personas.
Objetivo: Determinar los factores psicosociales que influyen en la actitud de estudiantes de Medicina paraguayos de una universidad pública hacia la donación de órganos.
Materiales y Métodos: El estudio fue observacional analítico de corte transversal y muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia entre abril a junio del 2017 en la Universidad Nacional de Asunción (Paraguay).
Resultados: Los factores más frecuentes e influyentes fueron, un 37,6% (105) que manifestó informarse mediante Internet; consideran escasa la información sobre trasplantes en 61,6% (172); conscientes de la falta de órganos en 87,8% (245); aprobación de la donación pero sin estar registrados en las instituciones vinculadas por 86,37% (241).Asociación de estado civil, concepto de muerte encefálica y autopsia con la experiencia previa/favor/contra de la donación, alcanzaron valores significativos (p<0,05).
Conclusión: El estado civil, concepto de muerte encefálica y autopsia son factores influyentes y favorables en las actitudes sobre la donación en estudiantes de Medicina del Paraguay.
URGENSI STUDI HADIS DI UIN SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Damanik Agusman 
Published: March 2021

<p>“In its development to the present, the authenticity of tradition is often questioned. Much criticism is directed to the hadith, and some even reject it. That even though it has so long complemented the source of Islamic teachings (Qur'an), Hadith if it still needs to be tested its validity and validity. One of several causes is in addition to the absence of a firm guarantee of its validity, as well as the delay in writing the hadith itself. So it is very likely alleged transmission of many hadiths are false.”</p><p> </p><p><strong></strong><em><br /></em></p>
A Sandwich‐model experiment with personal response systems on epigenetics: insights into learning gain, student engagement and satisfaction
Authors: Katsioudi Georgia , Kostareli Efterpi 
Published: March 2021

Current trends in Higher Education Pedagogies include an ongoing discussion about active learning strategies. Technology‐based interventions such as personal response systems (PRS) have gained momentum, especially since the advent of cloud‐/web‐based solutions. One model that supports the transition from traditional lecturing towards active learning by maintaining a balance between instruction and self‐learning is the ‘Sandwich Model’. In the present study, we investigated the impact of the Sandwich Model combined with PRS in student learning, engagement and satisfaction by a randomised trial in a large undergraduate biomedical/medical sciences class. A teaching session on epigenetics was delivered either as a traditional lecture (C‐group) or as a PRS‐including Sandwich‐based session (S‐group). The major finding of our experiment was the significantly enhanced performance of the S‐group over the control, suggesting that the Sandwich Model improves learning gain. We also provide strong evidence that the Sandwich Model enhances student engagement and satisfaction. However, the effect of the Sandwich Model in learning gain and student attitudes was not dependent on PRS incorporation per se and students seemed to favour non‐PRS activities over PRS, as evidenced by their feedback. Although further experimental research is needed in order to conclusively compare and contrast PRS and non‐PRS activities regarding learning gain, we propose the usage of the Sandwich Model with a variety of in‐class learning activities, both PRS and non‐PRS‐based. Altogether, our work shows that the Sandwich Model is a powerful pedagogical approach that exerts a positive impact on student perceptions for learning and satisfaction and that can support the teaching of challenging biomedical concepts, such as epigenetics.
Nature and Role of Surface Junctions in BiOIO3 Photocatalysts
Authors: Di Liberto Giovanni , Tosoni Sergio , Pacchioni Gianfranco 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBiOIO3 photocatalysts exposing (010) and (100) surfaces show high efficiency in photocatalytic experiments thanks to an efficient charge separation: photogenerated electrons migrate to the (010) face, and holes move to the (100) one (F. Chen, et al.). However, if one considers the band alignment of the two thermodynamically most stable terminations of the (010) and (100) surfaces as derived from high‐level density functional theory calculations, the band alignment is opposite to the experiment even if the formation of an explicit (010)/(100) junction is considered. To reconcile theory with experiment, one has to invoke the formation of a junction between a less stable (010) surface termination with the most stable (100) one. New chemical bonds at the interface result in a thermodynamically stable system and a significant charge transfer. This junction not only provides the correct band alignment, but also a position of the energy levels that is fully consistent with the experiment. This shows that in order to rationalize the behavior of semiconducting materials where charge separation helps the photoactivity, one has to describe the formation of explicit interfaces with atomistic precision, and to take into account the overall thermodynamic stability of the system.
Sub‐2 nm Thiophosphate Nanosheets with Heteroatom Doping for Enhanced Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Authors: Song Junnan , Qiu Siyao , Hu Feng , Ding Yonghao , Han Silin , Li Linlin , Chen Han‐Yi , Han Xiaopeng , Sun Chenghua , Peng Shengjie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDeveloping an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst with accelerated kinetics is important but challenging for rechargeable metal‐air batteries. In this study, a series of anion‐regulated sub‐2 nm ultrathin thiophosphate nanosheets (NiPS3–xSex NSs) is rationally designed and synthesized as bifunctional oxygen evolution/reduction reaction (OER/ORR) electrocatalysts for Zn‐air batteries. The increase of nominal Se dopants (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) leads to the expansion of (001) crystal plane spacing and partially disordered structure generation after the incorporation of Se to pristine NiPS3. More importantly, electronic structures of active sites can be reasonably regulated via coordination of the interaction between anions and cations. Density functional theory calculations reveal that such tailored electronic structures reduce the overpotential of the thermodynamic barriers step for both OER and ORR as well as shorten energy bandgap, which can accelerate reaction kinetics in electrocatalytic processes and enhance electrical conductivity. Consequently, the obtained NiPS3–xSex NSs exhibit low OER overpotential (250 mV) and positive ORR onset potential (0.94 V), large power density (152 mW cm−2), and robust stability (96 h cycle) for Zn‐air devices, far exceeding that of precious metal catalysts. This study provides a novel tactic to design earth‐abundant and highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for metal‐air battery technologies.
Photodriven Transient Picosecond Top‐Layer Semiconductor to Metal Phase‐Transition in p‐Doped Molybdenum Disulfide
Authors: Sorgenfrei Nomi L. A. N. , Giangrisostomi Erika , Jay Raphael M. , Kühn Danilo , Neppl Stefan , Ovsyannikov Ruslan , Sezen Hikmet , Svensson Svante , Föhlisch Alexander 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVisible light is shown to create a transient metallic S–Mo–S surface layer on bulk semiconducting p‐doped indirect‐bandgap 2H‐MoS2. Optically created electron–hole pairs separate in the surface band bending region of the p‐doped semiconducting crystal causing a transient accumulation of electrons in the surface region. This triggers a reversible 2H‐semiconductor to 1T‐metal phase‐transition of the surface layer. Electron–phonon coupling of the indirect‐bandgap p‐doped 2H‐MoS2 enables this efficient pathway even at a low density of excited electrons with a distinct optical excitation threshold and saturation behavior. This mechanism needs to be taken into consideration when describing the surface properties of illuminated p‐doped 2H‐MoS2. In particular, light‐induced increased charge mobility and surface activation can cause and enhance the photocatalytic and photoassisted electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction of water on 2H‐MoS2. Generally, it opens up for a way to control not only the surface of p‐doped 2H‐MoS2 but also related dichalcogenides and layered systems. The findings are based on the sensitivity of time‐resolved electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis with photon‐energy‐tuneable synchrotron radiation.
Nitrogen fertilization and glyphosate‐resistant alfalfa termination method effects on first‐year silage corn
Authors: Clark Jason D. , Yost Matt A. , Griggs Thomas C. , Cardon Grant E. , Ransom Corey V. , Creech J. Earl 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTillage type/timing and herbicide application date may change the amount and timing of N mineralization, altering fertilizer N needs for first‐year corn (Zea mays L.) following glyphosate [N‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine]‐resistant (GR) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 in Utah. Yield, quality, and economic return of silage corn as affected by five tillage type/timings (fall conventional till, spring conventional till, fall strip‐till, spring strip‐till, and no‐till), three herbicide application dates for alfalfa termination (fall, spring, and in‐crop), and four N rates (0, 56, 112, and 224 kg ha−1) were evaluated. Silage corn yield and quality following GR alfalfa was economically optimized without N fertilization regardless of tillage type/timing and herbicide application date. Thus, N from decomposing alfalfa can provide the full N requirement of first‐year silage corn following GR alfalfa. Estimated animal milk production ha−1 of silage corn was greatest and similar for all herbicide application dates with conventional tillage and spring herbicide application with strip‐till and no‐till (26–38 Mg milk ha−1), whereas an in‐crop herbicide application with strip‐till and no‐till resulted in the lowest estimated milk production (21–29 Mg milk ha−1). Increased economic return for the in‐crop herbicide date by including economics from harvesting the first alfalfa cutting before planting corn mostly offset the reduced economic return of the lower silage corn yield. Therefore, an application of 2,4‐D (2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and dicamba (3,6‐dichloro‐2‐methoxybenzoic acid) in the fall, spring, or in‐crop to control GR alfalfa are good economic options for conventional tillage, strip‐till, and no‐till systems.
Hidden Mechanism Behind the Roughness‐Enhanced Selectivity of Carbon Monoxide Electrocatalytic Reduction
Authors: Liu Yinghuan , Jiang Huijun , Hou Zhonghuai 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHigh roughness has been proved to be an effective design strategy for electrocatalyst in many systems. Especially, high selectivity of carbon monoxide reduction (CORR) in competition with the hydrogen evolution reaction has been observed on high roughness electrocatalysts. However, the two well‐known mechanisms, i.e., decreasing the energy barrier of CORR and increasing local pH, failed to understand the roughness‐enhanced selectivity in a recent experiment. Herein we unravel the hidden mechanism by establishing a comprehensive kinetic model for CORR on catalysts with different roughness factors. We conclude that the roughness‐enhanced CORR selectivity is actually kinetic controlled by local‐electric‐field‐directed mass transfer of adsorbed species on the electrode surface. Several ways to optimize CORR selectivity are predicted. Our work highlights the kinetics in electrocatalysis on nanocatalysts, and provides a conceptually new principle for future catalyst design.
Reduktion der CO2‐Emissionen aus den Abgasen der Stahlindustrie durch Trockenreformierung von Methan
Authors: Angeli Sofia D. , Gossler Sabrina , Lichtenberg Sven , Kass Gilles , Agrawal Anand Kumar , Valerius Miriam , Kinzel Klaus Peter , Deutschmann Olaf 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn einem neuartigen Verfahren werden die Treibhausgase CO2 und CH4, wie sie in den Abgasen von Koks‐ und Hochöfen der Stahlindustrie vorkommen, durch homogene Reformierung zu Synthesegas, einem Gemisch aus H2 und CO, umgesetzt. Dazu wird einem Hochtemperatur/Hochdruck‐Durchflussreaktor ein für Koksofengase (COG) und Gichtgase (BFG) typisches Gasgemisch zugeführt, wobei Temperatur, Druck, Verweilzeit und COG/BFG‐Mischungsverhältnis variiert werden. Eine maximale CO2‐Reduktion von 78.5 % und ein CH4‐Umsatz von 95 % können bei 1350 °C, 5.5 bar und einem COG/BFG‐Verhältnis von 0.6 erreicht werden. Mit den homogenen Gasphasenreaktionen geht die Bildung signifikanter Mengen an kohlenstoffhaltigen Ablagerungen einher, die jedoch nicht zu einer Blockierung des Reaktors während eines Betriebszyklus führen und damit einen zyklischen Betrieb ermöglichen. Die experimentellen Untersuchungen basieren auf vorherigen thermodynamischen Analysen und kinetischen Vorhersagen mittels eines elementarkinetischen Modells.
Synthesis and antimalarial and anticancer evaluation of 7‐chlorquinoline‐4‐thiazoleacetic derivatives containing aryl hydrazide moieties
Authors: Ramírez Hegira , Fernandez Esteban , Rodrigues Juan , Mayora Soriuska , Martínez Gricelis , Celis Carmen , De Sanctis Juan B. , Mijares Michael , Charris Jaime 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTwelve 7‐chloroquinoline derivatives were designed and synthesized using the principle of molecular hybridization through the coupling of 2‐[2‐(7‐chloroquinolin‐4‐ylthio)‐4‐methylthiazol‐5‐yl]acetic acid 1 with various benzoyl hydrazines 2a–l. The synthetic compounds were tested as antimalarials. Some of them showed an efficient in vitro activity as inhibitors of β‐hematin formation and an in vivo activity in a murine model, resulting in compounds 8 and 9 as the most active ones with IC50 values of 0.65 ± 0.09 and 0.64 ± 0.16 µM, respectively. The effects of the compounds on the cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis induction of A549 and MCF‐7 cancer cell lines were also examined. Our data showed that compounds 6 and 12 were the most active agents, decreasing the cell viability of MCF‐7 cells with IC50 values of 15.41 and 12.99 µM, respectively. None of the compounds analyzed significantly affected the viability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Also, significant induction of apoptosis was observed when both cancer cell lines were incubated with compounds 6 and 12. In MCF‐7 cells, treatment with these compounds led to cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. The results obtained suggest that these structures may be useful in developing new therapies for malaria and cancer treatment.