bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning to Lecture: Exploring the Skills, Strategies, and Practices of New Teachers in Nursing Education
Authors: Young Patricia , Diekelmann Nancy 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A common experience among new teachers is learning how to lecture. Lecturing is a skill, a strategy, and a practice. As a skill, lecturing is learned over time. For example, teachers learn how to select content to hold students' attention. Lecturing is a strategy teachers use when they want to efficiently cover a great deal of content. In addition, it is a practice that has shared meanings, practical knowledge, and language. Exploring how new teachers learn to lecture clarifies the nature, meaning, and significance of lecturing in nursing education. The study described in this article used Heideggerian hermeneutic analyses to explicate the common experiences (i.e., themes and patterns) of new nurse teachers. Learning to Lecture as a theme is described, and implications for teacher preparation and future research are offered.
Safety Evaluation of BSS Plus in Pediatric Intraocular Surgery
Authors: Burke Miles J , Parks Marshall M , Calhoun Joseph H , Diamond James G , deFaller Joseph M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
An open-label study was conducted to determine the safety of a new intraocular irrigating solution, BSS Plus, when used during pediatric ophthalmic surgery. BSS Plus is a modified glutathione-bicarbonate-Ringer's solution which contains the necessary ions, buffers, and substrates for maintenance of normal cellular metabolism, function, and structural integrity when used as a perfusate during ophthalmic surgical procedures. At three centers, 30 patients undergoing lens aspiration or anterior segment reconstruction using vitrectomy instrumentation were enrolled in this study. Transient postoperative increases in intraocular pressure and internal or external ocular inflammatory signs were seen which were consistent with the trauma produced by the surgical procedure. The solution was judged to be safe when used in these surgical indications.
The Diagnosis and Management of the Superior Rectus Suspension Syndrome
Authors: Gillum William N , Anderson Richard L , Baumgartner Sally 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The diagnosis and management of patients having had superior rectus suspension procedures for the correction of blepharoptosis can be quite difficult. Patients who have had these procedures frequently present with a syndrome which includes: 1) history of an unknown type of ptosis surgery performed at least ten years ago, 2) good eyelid excursion, 3) minimal lid lag associated with marked lagophthalmos, 4) hypotropia, and 5) corneal scarring. One must evert the upper eyelid to demonstrate the pathognomonic adhesion between tarsus and the superior rectus muscle. The correct management of this condition is virtually impossible until the diagnosis is made. To correct the corneal and motility problems that result from superior rectus suspension procedures, the adhesion between the superior rectus muscle and the upper eyelid must be released. It is very easy to overlook this syndrome if one is unaware of its presentation. We present five patients who illustrate the superior rectus suspension syndrome.
Observations in Sensory Heterotropia
Authors: Sidikaro Yossi , von Noorden Gunter K 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Sensory heterotropia is defined as a secondary deviation following loss or severe reduction in visual function in one eye. We have analyzed the records of 12 1 patients with sensory heterotropias with the purpose of correlating the direction deviation of (eso- or exotropia) with age of onset of visual loss. Esotropia and exotropia were encountered with almost equal frequency when the onset of visual impairment occurred at birth or between birth and 5 years of age and exotropia predominated in older children and adults. We also found a strikingly high incidence of dysfunction of the oblique muscles in patients with sensory eso- and exodeviations. The inferior oblique muscle was the most freq uently involved muscle.
Sensory heterotropia is defined as a deviation of one eye following loss or severe impairment of visual acuity. Due to a sensory obstacle to fusion, the fusion reflex innervation becomes suspended and the visually impaired eye changes its position relative to that of the fixating eye and becomes esotropie or exotropic. While most authors agree that the direction of the deviation (esotropia or exotropia) depends on the age at which the visual impairment occurred, there is little agreement on the type of strabismus in the various age groups. For instance, Chavasse1 stated that eyes born blind or having lost vision shortly after birth diverge. Hamburger,J on the other hand, writes that most eyes with congenital unilateral blindness or severe visual impairment in early childhood converge. There is similar disagreement as to the direction of strabismus when the onset of visual impairment is during childhood or adolescence. In view of this discrepancy, and as our preliminary clinical impressions were not in accord with either of the two extreme views stated above,1 we analyzed the records of patients with sensory tropia with the purpose of describing the clinical characteristics of this entity.
Isolated, Bilateral Orbital Mass Lesions During Childhood
Authors: Grimson Baird S , Cohen Kenneth L , Peiffer Robert L , Bouldin Thomas W 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A 9-year-old female developed bilateral orbital masses over four months without associated orbital inflammation or systemic disease. Orbital biopsy documented an unusual presentation of childhood pseudotumor. Nine days following surgery orbital inflammatory signs appeared suddenly and involved both the unoperated and biopsied orbits equally. These ortibal lesions resolved completely after three months of systemic corticosteroid therapy.
The sudden and progressive development of palpable bilateral orbital mass lesions rarely occurs in children without readily identifiable systemic disease. The 9year-old girl described herein acquired bilateral orbital space-occupying lesions without evidence of ocular, orbital, or systemic abnormalities.
Measured Graduated Recession of the Superior Oblique Muscle
Authors: Romano Paul , Roholt Philip 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Six patients underwent bilateral superior oblique recession for ?-pattern strabismus with overacting superior obliques. The established technique was modified to permit the entire procedure to be carried out through a single nasal fornix incision. The amount of recession WBB graduated and measured both directly from the point of the original incision anteriorly and indirectly from the nasal of the corner of the superior rectus insertion based on anatomical measurements.
A good correlation was found between the amount (measured directly) of recession performed and reduction in the ?-pattern. The relationship was linear. By extrapolation the first 8 mm of superior obliquesurgery had no effect but thereafter the- effect obtained was 2 diopters reduction in ?-pattern for every mm of superior oblique surgery. No similar correlation was found for the amount of recession performed measured indirectly.
There was no correlation between reduction in superior oblique overaction and the amount of recession performed. This was believed to be due, at least in part, to an inaccurate eystem of measurement of superior oblique overaction. We now, therefore, measure superior oblique overaction in mm using the corneal light reflexes.
There was, however, a good correlation between the amount of preoperative superior oblique overaction and the effect obtained.
Congenital Glaucoma Associated With Cutis Marmorata Telangiectatica Congenita: Two Case Reports
Authors: Sato Sam E , Herschler Jonathan , Lynch Peter J , Hodes Barton L , Fryczkowski Andrzej W , Schlosser Harry D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two cases of cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita are described in association with nevus flammeus and congenital glaucoma. Approximately 65 cases have been reported and the association with nevus flammeus and congenital glaucoma has only been reported in one of those cases. Unlike the glaucoma associated with nevus flammeus of Sturge-Weber, this type of congenital glaucoma appears to be associated with an abnormal filtration angle rather than an increased episcleral venous pressure.
Congenital Toxoplasmosis Presenting as Isolated Acute Chorioretinitis in the Neonate
Authors: Dunn Scott A , Schwartz Daniel , Brinkley James , Wright Kenneth W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a neonate with congenital ocular toxoplasmosis that presented as isolated, acute bilateral retinochoroiditis. Although toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis is not rare, it is quite unusual to diagnose congenital toxoplasmosis based on isolated bilateral retinochoroiditis in an otherwise healthy neonate. Bilateral retinochoroiditis can be caused by syphilis, herpes virus, cytomegalovirus, and toxoplasmosis. Because specific treatments now exist for these conditions, it is important to establish proper diagnosis so that treatment can be initiated promptly. The differential diagnosis, work-up, and management of retinochoroiditis in the newborn is presented and discussed.
Metastatic Serratia marcescens Endophthalmitis
Authors: de Courten Christian , Sancho Patricio , BenEzra David 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Metastatic endophthalmitis in a ten-day-old baby who underwent colostomy for an unperforated anus and developed septicemia to Serratia marcescens is described. Although rapid isolation of the agent enabled efficacious specific antibiotic treatment and systemic eradication of the infective agent, the ocular condition continued to deteriorate. Because of the total loss of visual functions and the fear of possible development of sympathetic ophthalmia, enucleation rather than vitrectomy or evisceration was performed. Histopathologic examination of the globe revealed massive infiltrates within the choroid and optic nerve with total destruction of the retinal architecture. The child recovered immediately after surgery and was discharged a week later.
Lensectomy in an Infant With Cri du Chat Syndrome and Cataracts
Authors: Farrell James W , Morgan Keith S , Black Susan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report an 11-month-old infant with cri du chat syndrome and cataracts. The chromosomal abnormality was transmitted via a balanced 5/11 translocation from a phenotypically normal mother. The child underwent bilateral cataract extraction and was fitted with extended wear contact lenses. Congenital cataracts may be associated with cri du chat syndrome.
The Deterioration of Accommodative Esotropia: Frequency, Characteristics, and Predictive Factors
Authors: Dickey Carol Flabetich , Scott William E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A number of patients with accommodative esotropia who are initially well controlled in their spectacle correction will deteriorate. To obtain an overall estimate of the prevalence of deterioration and to examine the associated clinical features for an indication of which factors may influence deterioration, 114 charts ol patients with the diagnosis of accommodative esotropia, who were followed for a period of at least 10 years, were reviewed. Results of this review showed that 15 of the 114 patients (13%) deteriorated. Overall, 73 patients had a normal AC/A ratio (viz <5:1 by the grathent method) and 41 patients had a high AC/A ratio; deterioration occurred in statistically identical proportions in each group. There was an increasing frequency of deterioration the longer the delay between the onset of esodeviation and prescription of optical correction. In addition, deterioration was found to be most prevalent in patients for whom the age of onset was 24 months or younger. Other parameters were consistent with features typically reported in cases of accommodative esotropia.
Color Vision in Diabetic School Children
Authors: Mäntyjärvi Maija I , Nousiainen Iiris S T , Myöhänen Terttu 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The color vision of 64 diabetic school children was studied. Acquired color vision defects due to diabetes could not be found in any of the children. IWo of the children had a congenital red-green color vision defect. In the examination, three different pseudoisochromatic plate tests (lsihara, Standard Pseudoisochromatic Plates part 2, and Lanthony Tritan Album) were used as well as the Nagel anomaloscope and three different cap arrangement tests (Panel D 15, Lanthony Desaturated Panel, and Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue). The plate tests and the anomaloscope examination were fast, reliable, and well accepted by the children. The cap arrangement tests took more time, and many of the children neither liked nor properly performed these tests. Twelve color dependent glucose strip tests for diabetes care at home were also studied. A few of the youngest school children made mistakes in interpreting the colors of these strips, although their color vision was normal.
A Behavioral Approach to Physical Rehabilitation: A Case Study
Authors: Forsland Carmen K , Errickson Eric A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This report presents an application of a behavioral approach used in treatment of a 65year-old multiple handicapped woman admitted to a 29-bed physical rehabilitation hospital unit. Measurement used was a combined multiple baseline and BABA design. Findings can be summarized as follows: 1) Inappropriate behavior decreased during treatment, i.e., call outs and appropriate behavior increased, time spent out of bed, adhering to her diet, and wearing of a back brace; 2) Treatment quickly generalized to other behaviors; 3) Follow-up measures at 6 and 18 months showed continued improvement.
A Peer Supervision Group: Put Countertransference to Work
Authors: Bonnivier Joy Fest 
Published: April 2021

In an inpatient setting, the nursing role is not limited, nor protected, by the boundaries of the therapy hour. Nurses provide 24-hour care, which often involves physical contact through assisting patients with hygiene needs and recreational activities. They share with patients significant and sometimes traumatic events: mealtimes, holidays, birthdays, or an assault or a suicide on the unit. These are usually intense, emotionally charged experiences that can recreate powerful family dynamics that were often a source of conflict for the patient.
The nurse-patient relationship is a dynamic, mutually defined dyad in which psychiatric nurses use their personality, interpersonal skills, and knowledge of psychiatric nursing practice to establish a therapeutic alliance with the patient (Wilson, 1988).
Chronic Pain and Depression
Authors: Herr Keela A , Mobily Paula R 
Published: April 2021

Because of the increased incidence of chronic disease and other health problems associated with aging, chronic pain is a common companion for the elderly. Pain is of great clinical importance, often associated with disability, loss of independence, and reduced quality of life. A fact that is of interest to psychiatric nurses is that many elderly with complaints of chronic pain also exhibit signs and symptoms of depressive disorders.
Treating chronic pain conditions is complex and difficult, and health-care professionals are increasingly recognizing that psychological factors are often involved in the development and continuation of chronic pain problems. Depression is one of these influential variables. Increased understanding of the role of depression in the etiology and maintenance of chronic pain can improve assessment and intervention for the elderly with chronic pain complaints.
Meeting Spiritual Needs on an Inpatient Unit
Authors: Moller Mary D 
Published: April 2021

Patients and Family Members Speak Out
Two focus groups were held with consumers and family members to discuss the questions "What does spirituality/religion mean to you" and "What do you need from your pastor/spiritual resource during an inpatient hospitalization?" Spirituality was described in terms of relationship and religion in terms of rules.
Four themes emerged to describe spiritual needs during an inpatient hospitalization: comfort, companionship, conversation, and consolation. Spiritual/religious interventions deemed helpful when experiencing psychosis were collapsed into 11 salient points within these four themes.
What Every NURSE Needs To Know About NOCTURNAL SLEEP-RELATED eating DISORDER
Authors: Montgomery Lea , Haynes Linda C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThis article provides information about a bizarre pattern of eating while asleep called nocturnal sleep-related eating disorder. People with this disorder, which has begun to be studied only recently, demonstrate features of both a sleep disorder and an eating disorder. Many clients are reluctant to initiate discussions regarding this condition because of feelings of powerlessness and shame. Other clients do not discuss their symptoms because nurses and other clinicians fail to gather accurate assessment data due to fóck of knowledge within the professional community regarding the disorder.This review includes the historical background, definition of terms, and clinical manifestations of nocturnal sleep-related eating. In addition, emphasis on assessment and clinical management are included. Safety issues, the need to educate health care providers, and the role of the nurse in advocating for appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and referral are addressed.
HIV Prevention Among People with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Brown Emma J , Jemmott Loretta Sweet 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This investigation sought to determine the effect of HIV/AIDS on people with developmental disabilities. Inquiries about contributing factors and HIV prevention needs also were made. In this qualitative descriptive study, two focus groups were conducted with individuals from the target population, as well as service providers. Each focus group was held in a conference room of a community-based organization located in Philadelphia on a weekday evening. Sixteen adults participated in the focus groups. Seven were members of the target population, and 9 were service providers. Focused topics were developed to guide the group discussion. Participants identified several contributing factors and barriers associated with risk behavior and HIV risk in this population. Recommendations for HIV prevention needs and strategies also were generated. The results of this formative inquiry indicated there is a need for development of specific HIV intervention strategies for this vulnerable and often overlooked population. Clinical and research implications are proposed.
Excimer Laser Photorefractive Keratectomy for Myopia: Results in 1165 Eyes
Authors: Brancato Rosario , Tavola Alessandara , Carones Francesco , Scialdone Antonio , Gallus Giuseppe , Garancini Paola , Fontanella Giovanni 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We report the results of a prospective study conducted in Italy to evaluate the efficacy, safety, predictability, and complications of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for the correction of myopia.
METHODS: Photorefractive keratectomy was performed on 1236 myopic sighted eyes in 16 centers, using the Summit Excimed 193 nm excimer laser. The attempted correction ranged from -0.80 to -25.00 diopters (mean, -7.83 ± 3.88 D). The population was divided into three groups of attempted correction: between -0.80 and -6.00 D, between -6.10 and -9.90 D, and between -10.00 and -25.00 D. We report the data of 1165 eyes at 1 month, 970 eyes at 3 months, 752 at 6 months, and 330 at 1 2 months. At each visit, we evaluated (1) the refractive changes over time; (2) the difference between attempted and achieved correction; (3) uncorrected and best spectacle corrected visual acuity; and (4) haze.
RESULTS: Twelve months after surgery, the spherical equivalent refractive error in 146 eyes with attempted correction of -0.80 to -6.00 D was -0.52 ±1.04 D; 104 eyes (71.2%) were within ± 1.00 D of attempted correction. In 145 eyes with attempted correction of -6.10 to -9.90 D, the spherical equivalent refractive error was - 1 .66 ± 1.88 D; 50 eyes (34.5%) were within ± 1.00 D of attempted correction. The spherical equivalent refractive error in 39 eyes with attempted correction of - 1 0.00 to - 25.00 D was - 1 .86 ± 3.47 D; 1 1 eyes (28.2%) were within ±1.00 D of attempted correction. Eight eyes (2.4%) lost two or more Snellen lines of best spectacle corrected visual acuity. None of the treatments caused severe postoperative complications, or scarring.
CONCLUSIONS: Photorefractive keratectomy proved safe and effective, but highly predictable only in the correction of myopia up to -6.00 D. Refract Corneal Surg 1 993;9:95- 1 04.)
RÉSUMÉ
INTRODUCTION: Nous présentons les résultats d'une étude prospective conduite en l'Italie afin d'évaluer l'efficacité, la sûreté, la prévisibilité, et les complications de la kératectomie photorefractive au laser excimer pour la myopie.
MÉTHODES: 1236 yeux voyants ont subi la kératectomie photo- refractive dans 16 centres par le Summit ExciMed laser excimer à 193 nm. La correction souhaitée variait entre -0,8 et -25 dioptries (moyenne -7,83 ± 3,88 dioptries). La population fut divisée en trois groupes de correction souhaitée: entre -0,8 et -6,0 dioptries, entre -6,1 et -9,9 dioptries, et entre - 10,0 et -25,0 dioptries. Nous présentons les données de 1165 yeux suivis d'un mois, 970 yeux suivis de trois mois, 752 yeux suivis de six mois, et 330 yeux suivis de douze mois. À chaque visite nous évaluions (1) le changement réfractif avec le temps, (2) la différence entre la correction souhaitée et la correction réalisée, (3) l'acuité visuelle avec et sans correction, (4) la légère brume sous-épithéliale.
Human Lamellar Tendon Graft in Corneal Surgery
Authors: Signorelli Armando , Signorelli Carlos Roberto , Muldashev Ernest Rifgatovich 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Due to the lack of donor corneas or unsuitable conditions for keratoplasty because of preexisting conditions such as vascularization, infections, and multiple rejections, scientists have searched for new synthetic and biological materials that can temporarily or permanently substitute for corneal tissue.
The purpose of this article is to show our personal experiences with the use of commercially available donor tendon tissue which has been chemically treated and was developed by Muldashev.
METHODS: Ten eyes unsuitable for a corneal allograft underwent lamellar keratoplasty using tendon allografts. Due to differing pathologies various surgical procedures were used. The followup period ranged from 6 to 1 8 months.
RESULTS: Transparent or semitransparent corneas resulted in seven of the ten eyes. In the three remaining eyes, conditions were improved for future penetrating keratoplasty because there was a significant decrease in corneal vascularization. The donor tendon was not rejected in any case.
CONCLUSIONS: As an alternative therapeutic method, treated human tendon proved effective as donor material for lamellar keratoplasty. (Refract Corneal Surg 1 993;9: 1 35- 1 39.)
Corneal Topographic Analysis of Photorefractive Keratectomy in 175 Myopic Eyes
Authors: Cantera Emilia , Cantera Italo , Olivieri Luigi 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Videokeratography is a useful method for postoperative evaluation of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). The aim of this study was to evaluate the percentage of decentration, the relationship between decentration relative to the corneal apex, postoperative astigmatism, and the relationshlp between decentration and best corrected Snellen visual acuity.