bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distributions in CFT. Part II. Minkowski space
Authors: Kravchuk Petr , Qiao Jiaxin , Rychkov Slava 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
CFTs in Euclidean signature satisfy well-accepted rules, such as the convergent Euclidean OPE. It is nowadays common to assume that CFT correlators exist and have various properties also in Lorentzian signature. Some of these properties may represent extra assumptions, and it is an open question if they hold for familiar statistical-physics CFTs such as the critical 3d Ising model. Here we consider Wightman 4-point functions of scalar primaries in Lorentzian signature. We derive a minimal set of their properties solely from the Euclidean unitary CFT axioms, without using extra assumptions. We establish all Wightman axioms (temperedness, spectral property, local commutativity, clustering), Lorentzian conformal invariance, and distributional convergence of the s-channel Lorentzian OPE. This is done constructively, by analytically continuing the 4-point functions using the s-channel OPE expansion in the radial cross-ratios ρ, $$ \overline{\rho} $$

ρ
¯

. We prove a key fact that |ρ|, $$ \left|\overline{\rho}\right| $$

ρ
¯

< 1 inside the forward tube, and set bounds on how fast |ρ|, $$ \left|\overline{\rho}\right| $$

ρ
¯

may tend to 1 when approaching the Minkowski space.We also provide a guide to the axiomatic QFT literature for the modern CFT audience. We review the Wightman and Osterwalder-Schrader (OS) axioms for Lorentzian and Euclidean QFTs, and the celebrated OS theorem connecting them. We also review a classic result of Mack about the distributional OPE convergence. Some of the classic arguments turn out useful in our setup. Others fall short of our needs due to Lorentzian assumptions (Mack) or unverifiable Euclidean assumptions (OS theorem).
Parental, child and socio-contextual factors associated with parenting self-efficacy among parents of children aged 0–7 years old: the CIKEO study
Authors: Fang Yuan , van Grieken Amy , Fierloos Irene N. , Windhorst Dafna A. , Jonkman Harrie , Hosman Clemens M. H. , Crone Matty R. , Jansen Wilma , Raat Hein 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
A high parenting self-efficacy (PSE) has been associated with positive parenting and positive child development. However, there is limited and inconsistent information on factors associated with PSE.

Objective
To investigate factors associated with PSE in parents of children aged 0–7 years old, and to explore whether the associations were different between mothers and fathers.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from a prospective cohort study: the CIKEO study. A total of 1012 parents (mean age = 33.8, SD = 5.0) completed self-reported measure of PSE and 18 potential factors associated with PSE.

Results
Multivariable models revealed that lower parenting stress, fewer child behavior problems, better eating behavior, better parental and child general health, a smaller number of children living in the household, higher perceived level of social support and having a migration background were associated with higher levels of PSE (p < 0.05). The association between family functioning and PSE differed between mothers and fathers (p for interaction = 0.003): with beta and 95% confidence interval being: 1.29 (− 2.05, 0.87), and 0.23 (− 0.46, 3.29), respectively.

Conclusions
A range of parental, child and social-contextual factors in relation to PSE were identified. The patterns of associations for most of the factors were similar among mothers and fathers. However, the association between family functioning and PSE might differ for mothers and fathers. Our findings are relevant for tailoring and implementing successful interventions and effective policy making in child care.

Trial registration
Netherlands National Trial Register number NL7342. Date of registration: 05-November-2018, retrospectively registered.
Tropospheric and range biases in Satellite Laser Ranging
Authors: Drożdżewski Mateusz , Sośnica Krzysztof 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) technique provides very accurate distance measurements to artificial Earth satellites. SLR is employed for the realization of the origin and the scale of the terrestrial reference frame. Despite the high precision, SLR observations can be affected by various systematic errors. So far, range biases were used to account for systematic measurement errors and mismodeling effects in SLR. Range biases are constant for all elevation angles and independent of the measured distance to a satellite. Recently, intensity-dependent biases for single-photon SLR detectors and offsets of barometer readings and meteorological devices were reported for some SLR stations. In this paper, we study the possibility of the direct estimation of tropospheric biases from SLR observations to LAGEOS satellites. We discuss the correlations between the station heights, range biases, tropospheric biases, and their impact on the repeatability of station coordinates, geocenter motion, and the global scale of the reference frame. We found that the solution with the estimation of tropospheric biases provides more stable station coordinates than the solution with the estimation of range biases. From the common estimation of range and tropospheric biases, we found that most of the systematic effects at SLR stations are better absorbed by elevation-dependent tropospheric biases than range biases which overestimate the total bias effect. The estimation of tropospheric biases changes the SLR-derived global scale by 0.3 mm and the geocenter coordinates by 1 mm for the Z component, causing thus an offset in the realization of the reference frame origin. Estimation of range biases introduces an offset in some SLR-derived low-degree spherical harmonics of the Earth’s gravity field. Therefore, considering elevation-dependent tropospheric and intensity biases is essential for deriving high-accuracy geodetic parameters.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Gemella massiliensis sp. nov., a new bacterium isolated from the human sputum
Authors: Mbogning Fonkou Maxime Descartes , Lo Cheikh Ibrahima , Mekhalif Zouina , Bilen Melhem , Tomei Enora , Kuete Yimagou Edmond , Dubourg Grégory , Raoult Didier , Fenollar Florence , Fournier Pierre-Edouard 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThanks to its ability to isolate previously uncultured bacterial species, culturomics has dynamized the study of the human microbiota. A new bacterial species, Gemella massiliensis Marseille-P3249T, was isolated from a sputum sample of a healthy French man. Strain Marseille-P3249T is a facultative anaerobe, catalase-negative, Gram positive, coccus, and unable to sporulate. The major fatty acids were C16:0 (34%), C18:1n9 (28%), C18:0 (15%) and C18:2n6 (13%). Its 16S rRNA sequence exhibits a 98.3% sequence similarity with Gemella bergeri strain 617-93T, its phylogenetically closest species with standing in nomenclature. Its digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) and OrthoANI values with G. bergeri of only 59.7 ± 5.6% and 94.8%, respectively. These values are lower than the thresholds for species delineation (> 70% and > 95%, respectively). This strain grows optimally at 37 °C and its genome is 1.80 Mbp long with a 30.5 mol% G + C content. Based on these results, we propose the creation of the new species Gemella massilienis sp. nov., strain Marseille-P3249T (= CSUR P3249 = DSMZ 103940).
“Lessons from Rare Forms of Osteoarthritis”
Authors: Shepherd Rebecca F. , Kerns Jemma G. , Ranganath Lakshminarayan R. , Gallagher James A. , Taylor Adam M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent conditions in the world, particularly in the developed world with a significant increase in cases and their predicted impact as we move through the twenty-first century and this will be exacerbated by the covid pandemic. The degeneration of cartilage and bone as part of this condition is becoming better understood but there are still significant challenges in painting a complete picture to recognise all aspects of the condition and what treatment(s) are most appropriate in individual causes. OA encompasses many different types and this causes some of the challenges in fully understanding the condition.
There have been examples through history where much has been learnt about common disease(s) from the study of rare or extreme phenotypes, particularly where Mendelian disorders are involved. The often early onset of symptoms combined with the rapid and aggressive pathogenesis of these diseases and their predictable outcomes give an often-under-explored resource. It is these “rarer forms of disease” that William Harvey referred to that offer novel insights into more common conditions through their more extreme presentations. In the case of OA, GWAS analyses demonstrate the multiple genes that are implicated in OA in the general population. In some of these rarer forms, single defective genes are responsible.
The extreme phenotypes seen in conditions such as Camptodactyly Arthropathy-Coxa Vara-pericarditis Syndrome, Chondrodysplasias and Alkaptonuria all present potential opportunities for greater understanding of disease pathogenesis, novel therapeutic interventions and diagnostic imaging. This review examines some of the rarer presenting forms of OA and linked conditions, some of the novel discoveries made whilst studying them, and findings on imaging and treatment strategies.
Bone Union Assessment with Computed Tomography (CT) and Statistical Associations with Mechanical or Histological Testing: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies
Authors: Willems A. , Iҫli C. , Waarsing J. H. , Bierma-Zeinstra S. M. A. , Meuffels D. E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjective and accurate assessment of bone union after a fracture, arthrodesis, or osteotomy is relevant for scientific and clinical purposes. Bone union is most accurately imaged with computed tomography (CT), but no consensus exists about objective assessment of bone union from CT images. It is unclear which CT-generated parameters are most suitable for bone union assessment. The aim of this review of animal studies is to find which CT-generated parameters are associated most strongly with actual bone union. Scientific databases were systematically searched. Eligible studies were studies that (1) were animal studies, (2) created a fracture, (3) assessed bone union with CT, (4) performed mechanical or histological testing as measure of actual bone union, and (5) associated CT-generated outcomes to mechanical or histological testing results. Two authors selected eligible studies and performed risk of bias assessment with QUADAS-2 tool. From 2567 studies that were screened, thirteen studies were included. Most common CT parameters that were investigated were bone mineral density, bone volume, and total callus volume. Studies showed conflicting results concerning the associations of these parameters with actual bone union. CT-assessed torsional rigidity (assessed by three studies) and callus density (assessed by two studies) showed best results. The studies investigating these two parameters reported moderate to strong associations with actual bone union. CT-assessed torsional rigidity and callus density seem the most promising parameters to represent actual bone union after a fracture, arthrodesis, or osteotomy.Prospero trial registration number: CRD42020164733
Outcomes of Renal Trauma in Indian Urban Tertiary Healthcare Centres: A Multicentre Cohort Study
Authors: Sarang Bhakti , Raykar Nakul , Gadgil Anita , Mishra Gunjan , Wärnberg Martin Gerdin , Rattan Amulya , Khajanchi Monty , Soni Kapil Dev , Mohan Monali , Sharma Naveen , Kumar Vineet , KV Deepa , Roy Nobhojit ,   the Towards Improved Trauma Care Outcomes TITCO‐India
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundRenal trauma is present in 0.5–5% of patients admitted for trauma. Advancements in radiologic imaging and minimal‐invasive techniques have led to decreased need for surgical intervention. We used a large trauma cohort to characterise renal trauma patients, their management and outcomes.MethodsWe analysed “Towards Improved Trauma Care Outcomes in India” cohort from four urban tertiary public hospitals in India between 1st September 2013 and 31st December 2015. The data of patients with renal trauma were extracted using International Classification of Diseases 10 codes and analysed for demographic and clinical details.ResultsA total of 16,047 trauma patients were included in this cohort. Abdominal trauma comprised 1119 (7%) cases, of which 144 (13%) had renal trauma. Renal trauma was present in 1% of all the patients admitted for trauma. The mean age was 28 years (SD‐14.7). A total of 119 (83%) patients were male. Majority (93%) were due to blunt injuries. Road traffic injuries were the most common mechanism (53%) followed by falls (29%). Most renal injuries (89%) were associated with other organ injuries. Seven of the 144 (5%) patients required nephrectomy. Three patients had grade V trauma; all underwent nephrectomy. The 30‐day in‐hospital mortality, in patients with renal trauma, was 17% (24/144).ConclusionMost renal trauma patients were managed nonoperatively. 89% of patients with renal trauma had concomitant injuries. The renal trauma profile from this large cohort may be generalisable to urban contexts in India and other low‐ and middle‐income countries.
Assessment of sarcopenia in patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: Kapuczinski Abeline , Soyfoo Muhammad S. , De Breucker Sandra , Margaux Joëlle 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by persistent widespread musculoskeletal pain. Patients with fibromyalgia have reduced physical activity and increased sedentary rate. The age-associated reduction of skeletal muscle mass and function is called sarcopenia. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People developed a practical clinical definition and consensus diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. Loss of muscle function is common in fibromyalgia and in the elderly. The goal of this study is to determine whether the reduction of muscle function in fibromyalgia is related to sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria. Forty-five patients with fibromyalgia and thirty-nine healthy control female subjects were included. All the participants were assessed by Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and SARC-F questionnaire. Muscle mass was evaluated by bioimpedance analysis, muscle strength by handgrip strength test and physical performance with the Short Physical Performance Battery. Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and SARC-F scores were statistically significantly higher in the fibromyalgia group than in the control group, showing severe disease and a higher risk of sarcopenia in the fibromyalgia group (p < 0.001). Muscle strength and physical performance were statistically significantly lower in the group with fibromyalgia than in the control group (p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference between fibromyalgia and control groups regarding skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.263). Our study demonstrated a significant reduction in muscle function in fibromyalgia patients without any loss of muscle mass. Loss of muscle function without decrease in muscle mass is called dynapenia.
Physiological Responses of Contrasting Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids to Repeated Drought
Authors: Kränzlein Markus , Geilfus Christoph-Martin , Franzisky Bastian L. , Zhang Xudong , Wimmer Monika A. , Zörb Christian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMaize is the most important crop worldwide in terms of production and yield, but every year a considerable amount of yield is lost due to drought. The foreseen increase in the number of drought spells due to climate change raises the question whether the ability to recover quickly after a water pulse may be a relevant trait for overall drought resistance. We here address the following hypotheses: (i) different maize hybrids exhibit distinct physiological adaptive responses to drought stress and (ii) these responses affect the ability to recover from the stress. (iii) The relative biomass production of maize hybrids, which show severe drought symptoms but are able to recover quickly after a water pulse, is comparable to those hybrids, which invest more energy into tolerance mechanisms. The physiological responses of eight maize hybrids to repeated drought were elucidated employing physiological parameters such as electrolyte leakage, osmolality, relative water content, growth rate and gas-exchange measurements. Only one hybrid was able to maintain biomass production under drought conditions. Amongst the others, two hybrids with similar growth inhibition but contrasting physiological responses were identified by a PCA analysis. Both strategies, i.e. stabilization of leaf water content via resistance mechanisms versus high recovery potential were equally effective in maintaining aboveground biomass production in the scenario of a long drought intermitted by a water-pulse. However, each strategy might be advantageous under different drought stress scenarios. Overall, the recovery potential is underestimated in drought resistance under natural conditions, which includes periodic cycles of drought and rewatering, and should be considered in screening trials.
Changes in mean and extreme temperature and precipitation events from different weighted multi-model ensembles over the northern half of Morocco
Authors: Balhane Saloua , Driouech Fatima , Chafki Omar , Manzanas Rodrigo , Chehbouni Abdelghani , Moufouma-Okia Willfran 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInternal variability, multiple emission scenarios, and different model responses to anthropogenic forcing are ultimately behind a wide range of uncertainties that arise in climate change projections. Model weighting approaches are generally used to reduce the uncertainty related to the choice of the climate model. This study compares three multi-model combination approaches: a simple arithmetic mean and two recently developed weighting-based alternatives. One method takes into account models’ performance only and the other accounts for models’ performance and independence. The effect of these three multi-model approaches is assessed for projected changes of mean precipitation and temperature as well as four extreme indices over northern Morocco. We analyze different widely used high-resolution ensembles issued from statistical (NEXGDDP) and dynamical (Euro-CORDEX and bias-adjusted Euro-CORDEX) downscaling. For the latter, we also investigate the potential added value that bias adjustment may have over the raw dynamical simulations. Results show that model weighting can significantly reduce the spread of the future projections increasing their reliability. Nearly all model ensembles project a significant warming over the studied region (more intense inland than near the coasts), together with longer and more severe dry periods. In most cases, the different weighting methods lead to almost identical spatial patterns of climate change, indicating that the uncertainty due to the choice of multi-model combination strategy is nearly negligible.
PATZ1 fusions define a novel molecularly distinct neuroepithelial tumor entity with a broad histological spectrum
Authors: Alhalabi Karam T. , Stichel Damian , Sievers Philipp , Peterziel Heike , Sommerkamp Alexander C. , Sturm Dominik , Wittmann Andrea , Sill Martin , Jäger Natalie , Beck Pengbo , Pajtler Kristian W. , Snuderl Matija , Jour George , Delorenzo Michael , Martin Allison M. , Levy Adam , Dalvi Nagma , Hansford Jordan R. , Gottardo Nicholas G. , Uro-Coste Emmanuelle , Maurage Claude-Alain , Godfraind Catherine , Vandenbos Fanny , Pietsch Torsten , Kramm Christof , Filippidou Maria , Kattamis Antonis , Jones Chris , Øra Ingrid , Mikkelsen Torben Stamm , Zapotocky Michal , Sumerauer David , Scheie David , McCabe Martin , Wesseling Pieter , Tops Bastiaan B. J. , Kranendonk Mariëtte E. G. , Karajannis Matthias A. , Bouvier Nancy , Papaemmanuil Elli , Dohmen Hildegard , Acker Till , von Hoff Katja , Schmid Simone , Miele Evelina , Filipski Katharina , Kitanovski Lidija , Krskova Lenka , Gojo Johannes , Haberler Christine , Alvaro Frank , Ecker Jonas , Selt Florian , Milde Till , Witt Olaf , Oehme Ina , Kool Marcel , von Deimling Andreas , Korshunov Andrey , Pfister Stefan M. , Sahm Felix , Jones David T. W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLarge-scale molecular profiling studies in recent years have shown that central nervous system (CNS) tumors display a much greater heterogeneity in terms of molecularly distinct entities, cellular origins and genetic drivers than anticipated from histological assessment. DNA methylation profiling has emerged as a useful tool for robust tumor classification, providing new insights into these heterogeneous molecular classes. This is particularly true for rare CNS tumors with a broad morphological spectrum, which are not possible to assign as separate entities based on histological similarity alone. Here, we describe a molecularly distinct subset of predominantly pediatric CNS neoplasms (n = 60) that harbor PATZ1 fusions. The original histological diagnoses of these tumors covered a wide spectrum of tumor types and malignancy grades. While the single most common diagnosis was glioblastoma (GBM), clinical data of the PATZ1-fused tumors showed a better prognosis than typical GBM, despite frequent relapses. RNA sequencing revealed recurrent MN1:PATZ1 or EWSR1:PATZ1 fusions related to (often extensive) copy number variations on chromosome 22, where PATZ1 and the two fusion partners are located. These fusions have individually been reported in a number of glial/glioneuronal tumors, as well as extracranial sarcomas. We show here that they are more common than previously acknowledged, and together define a biologically distinct CNS tumor type with high expression of neural development markers such as PAX2, GATA2 and IGF2. Drug screening performed on the MN1:PATZ1 fusion-bearing KS-1 brain tumor cell line revealed preliminary candidates for further study. In summary, PATZ1 fusions define a molecular class of histologically polyphenotypic neuroepithelial tumors, which show an intermediate prognosis under current treatment regimens.