bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin‐like growth factor 1 improves neurobehavior in hemisected spinal cord injury but is not associated with BDNF signal
Authors: Zhong Zhan‐Qiong , Zou Yu , Cheng Jian‐Min , Liang Nan , Xia Qing‐Jie , Zhang Xiao 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundSpinal cord injury (SCI) is concomitant with serve dysfunction, without effective treatment. In this study, we investigated the role of insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) and associated signal in hemisected spinal cord.MethodsRats were subjected to spinal cord hemisected injury and were evaluated by behavioral tests. The expression of IGF‐1 was determined by using immunohistochemistry, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and western blot to examine the role of IGF‐1 in the hemisected spinal cord.ResultsBasso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scores exhibited an immediate decrease in rats after spinal cord hemisection, which was followed by an increase at the later stage of injury. In corresponding to behavioral change, the expression of IGF‐1 was significantly down‐regulated after injury. Moreover, the IGF‐1 knockdown mouse was applied for detecting the role of IGF‐1. After hemisected spinal cord injury (hSCI), decreased BBB and Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) scores appeared in the injured side, which supported that IGF‐1 could play a crucial role in neuro repair. Subsequently, the mechanism of IGF‐1 for neuroplasticity was explored in cultured neurons subjected to IGF‐1 overexpression together with down‐regulating brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and the results showed that BDNF administration failed to influence the consequence of IGF‐1 overexpression in neurons, suggesting BDNF is not the mechanism of the IGF in SCI repair.ConclusionIGF‐1 regulated neuroplasticity in the hemisected spinal cord, which was not associated with BDNF expression.
The importance of opening and probing the dura matter during surgery for intradural lumbar disc herniation with cauda equina syndrome: a case report
Authors: Yuan Hao , Li Ting‐Ting , Cao Guang‐Ru , Cai Yu‐Jiang , Wei Yi , Wang Chong , Yang Yi 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundIntradural lumbar disc herniation (ILDH), first reported in 1942, was a rare pathological type. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the “gold standard” for ILDH diagnosis but is rarely used for routine diagnosis of lumbar disc disease. Definite diagnosis often occurs intraoperatively.Case presentationA patient (52‐year‐old, man) was enrolled in the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University admitted because of “low back pain with numbness and radiating pain in the left lower extremity for 5 years, with aggravation for 1 month and urinary incontinence for 6 days”. The patient was diagnosed with intradural lumbar disc herniation‐induced cauda equina syndrome at the L4‐5 vertebrae. Other diagnoses, such as epidural hematoma, arachnoiditis, abscesses, and tumors, were deemed unlikely. During the patient underwent emergency lumbar decompression, the potential presence of intradural disc herniation was found when we performed the open discectomy. So, if no significant disc is found outside the dura matter, consideration should be given to open and prob the dura matter. But previous studies haven't made it clear what to do about it. In this way, one day after surgery, the pain in the lower extremities was significantly relieved. Follow‐up 2 years after the operation showed that the clinical effect of the treatment scheme was significant.ConclusionThe report of this case was to provide reference images and a clinical basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of ILDH.
Analysis of the potential and mechanism of Ginkgo biloba in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on network pharmacology
Authors: Huang Xue‐Yan , Li Ting‐Ting , Zhou Lin , Liu Tao , Xiong Liu‐Lin , Yu Chang‐Yin 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveStudy the principle and possible mechanism of Ginkgo biloba in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is based on network pharmacology.MethodsThe potential targets of active ingredients of Ginkgo biloba were collected by Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database platform (TCMSP). TCMSP is a pharmacological system for drug discovery from Chinese herbal medicine. The disease targets of AD were searched and collected by the database of gene‐disease associations (DisGeNET) and literature. The obtained targets were standardized by the UniProt database. STING network platform and Cytoscape were used to construct protein‐protein interaction network (PPI) of the key targets. According to Materscape, we clarify the possible mechanism of action including Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis.ResultsThe compound‐target network contains 27 active ingredients, 191 related targets, 18 key targets, including PLAU, HMOX1, TNF, INSR, MPO, MAOB, IGF2, IL1B, ESR1, BCL2, ACHE, BAX, GSK3B, PPARG, SLC2A4, NOS3, CASP3, VEGFA. GO enrichment analysis has got a total of 640 GO items, including 609 biological process (BP) items (95.1%), 16 molecular function (MF) items (2.5%) and 15 cellular component (CC) items (2.4%). After KEGG enrichment, 44 pathways were obtained.ConclusionThrough the construction of “component‐target‐pathway”, GO biological function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on core targets, and the possibility of Ginkgo biloba for the treatment of AD was explored from multiple targets and pathways, which provided a new approach for multi‐target treatment.
Inadvertent mental excitement after ultrasound‐guided bilateral thoracic paravertebral block: a case report
Authors: Ye Mao , Zhou Hong‐Su , Wei Yi , Liu Fei 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundBilateral Paravertebral block has been used successfully for postoperative pain relief in thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic regions. Despite the need for relatively large doses of local anaesthetics, there are few reports of systemic toxicity. Here we reported a case of local anaesthetic toxicity after ultrasound‐guided bilateral thoracic paravertebral block before general anaesthesia leading to mental. To our knowledge, the onset of this patient has never been reported previously, and we will discuss the potential risk factors and preventive measures for such patients in the future.Case informationA 38‐year‐old female patient presented for elective open resection of liver tumor, when bilateral 7th thoracic (T7) paravertebral blocks were performed under the guidance of ultrasound with 0.5% ropivacaine (3 mg/kg) in the anesthesia preparation area. After 20 minutes, the patient suddenly became extremely excited and requested to suspend the operation, because Guanyin Bodhisattva just told her that the operation would put her life in danger.ConclusionAlthough the dose of ropivacaine was up to 3 mg/kg for lumbar epidural, or 4.3 mg/kg for major nerve block based on the manufacturer’s recommendation, we believe that the bolus dosage of 0.5% ropivacaine 3 mg/kg was high for bilateral thoracic paravertebral block in this patient.
CT imaging character of different brain regions in different ages of Diannan small‐ear pigs
Authors: Zhou Lin , Niu Rui‐Ze , Zhou Hong‐Su , Wang Zheng‐Meng , Wang Feng‐Lin , Yang Xin‐Xin , Deng Issac , Zhu Zhao‐Qiong , Zhou Xin‐Fu , Xiong Liu‐Lin 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo collect and establish normal data of the brain regions of Diannan small‐ear (DSE pigs, basically throughout measuring and comparing computed tomography values of the barin.Methods12 ordinary DSE pigs were divided into juvenile, adult, old groups based on the physiological ages (n=4) A SOMATOM Definition AS 64‐row 128‐slice 4D spiral CT scanner (SOMATOM Definition AS, Germany) was used to collect CT images of DSE pigs, record and analyze the scanning data.ResultsCompared with the juvenile group, the CT values of the right frontal lobe, right parietal lobe, right temporal lobe, left temporal lobe, and right occipital lobe were significantly higher in the elderly group. Compared with the adult group, the CT values of the right frontal lobe, left frontal lobe, right parietal lobe, right temporal lobe, left temporal lobe, and right occipital lobe of the elderly group were significantly higher.ConclusionThe results of the study can be used to evaluate the changes in CT values of various brain regions in piglets of different ages and future pig head injury models or other studies that require CT‐based analysis.
Difference between remimazolam toluenesulfonic acid and propofol in waking quality and conscious state after general anesthesia
Authors: Li Juan , Zhou Di , Jin Yang , Zhou Hong‐Su , Fang Chang‐Le , Zhu Zhao‐Qiong , Xiong Liu‐Lin 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo explore the difference of anesthesia recovery and postoperative conscious state between remimazolam toluenesulfonic acid and propofol after induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.Methods104 patients undergoing elective tracheal intubation general anesthesia in our hospital were randomly divided into 2 groups: Remimazolam Toluenesulfonic acid group (Group R) and Propofol group (Group P). MOAA/S score, the modified Aldrete score, recovery index, time point, a state of consciousness, interpretative vital signs and adverse events were monitored at different time.ResultsCompared with the Group P, the extubation time and orientation recovery time of the Group R were significantly shorter. When the operation time was less than 1 hour, the MOAA/S score of the Group R was shorter than that of Group P at 5 min and 15 min after the operation. To compare with the Group P, the score of MOAA/S in the Group R increased at 5 min, 20 min and 30 min after the operation. When the operation time was less than or equal to 1 h, the modified Aldrete score in the Group R was slightly higher than that in the Group P at 30 min after extubation. There was no injection pain in the the Group R, and the incidence of hypotension was lower than that of propofol.ConclusionCompared with Propofol, when the operation time of general anesthesia is more than 1 hour, recovery time of Remimazolam Toluenesulfonic acid is shorter, with more complete and higher‐quality recovery.
Improving SERS bioimaging of subcutaneous phantom in vivo with optical clearing
Authors: Khlebtsov Boris , Burov Andrey , Pylaev Timofey , Savkina Angelina , Prikhozhdenko Ekaterina , Bratashov Daniil , Khlebtsov Nikolai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has proven to be a promising technique for different types of imaging including preoperative and intraoperative in vivo tumor visualization. However, the strong scattering of the turbid tissue limits its use in subcutaneous areas. In this article, we used an optical clearing technique to improve the SERS signal from a subcutaneous tumor phantom. The phantom is a 2 mm sphere of calcium alginate with incorporated petal‐like gap‐enhanced Raman tags. The use of optical clearing increases the SERS signal target‐to‐background ratio for 5 times and allow to decrease the total imaging time for at least 10 times. In addition, SERS imaging assisted with optical clearing made it possible to more precisely determine the shape and boundaries of the implanted phantom. The combination of optical clearing and SERS is a promising strategy for the clinical imaging of subcutaneous objects that are usually shielded by dermal tissue.
Upregulated SLC27A2/FATP2 in differentiated thyroid carcinoma promotes tumor proliferation and migration
Authors: Feng Kaixiang , Ma Runsheng , Li Hongqiang , Yin Keyu , Du Gongbo , Chen Xin , Liu Zhen , Yin Detao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundDifferentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) accounts for the vast majority of thyroid cancer (TC) cases. The rapidly increasing incidence of TC requires the urgent identification of new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Solute carrier family 27 member 2 (SLC27A2/FATP2) plays an essential role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid transport. Recent studies have confirmed its involvement in a variety of diseases, including cancer.MethodsIn this study, the expression of SLC27A2 was analyzed in cancer and paracancerous tissue samples from 98 thyroid cancer patients, and we performed ROC analysis to confirm the diagnostic value. CCK8, Transwell, and other methods were used to study its effect on DTC, and the mechanism of SLC27A2 was investigated by RNA sequencing and Western blot.ResultsThe expression of SLC27A2 was upregulated in both DTC tissues and cell lines and was correlated with clinical progression. In vitro studies further confirmed that SLC27A2 knockdown attenuated the proliferation and invasion of DTC cells. Through RNA sequence analysis and gene set enrichment analysis, we found that the MAPK pathway is the main downstream signaling pathway for the regulation by SLC27A2. SLC27A2 affects cell proliferation and differentiation by inducing changes in the proto‐oncogene C‐FOS.ConclusionsOur results show that SLC27A2 plays an important role in tumor proliferation and migration, providing a new putative target for the diagnosis and treatment of TC.
Gender differences in the microbial spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity of uropathogens isolated from patients with urinary stones
Authors: Gu Jie , Chen Xiong , Yang Zhiming , Bai Yao , Zhang Xiaobo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeThe characteristics and resistance patterns of urine bacteriology urolithiasis patients between male and female have not been extensively studied. This study aims to investigate the gender differences in microbial spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogens isolated from urolithiasis patients and provide insights for appropriate antimicrobial therapies.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively collected clinical microbiology data from urine culture in urolithiasis patients between March 2014 and December 2018 in Xiangya Hospital. Then the patients were divided into male and female groups. The microbial spectrum and frequency of susceptibility to antibiotics were compared.ResultsA total of 359 uropathogen isolates were collected from 335 patients, including 144 males (43.0%) and 191 females (57.0%). E. coli dominated in both groups, indicating higher frequency in females (53.2%) than in males (26.6%, p < 0.001), followed by E. faecalis, with higher frequency in males (15.6%) than in females (2.9%, p < 0.001). Major Gram‐negative (E. coli and K. pneumoniae) bacteria showed high sensitivity to cefoperazone/sulbactam, cefotetan, piperacillin/ tazobactam, and amikacin. In contrast, the resistance level was high to penicillin, tetracycline, and vancomycin in both groups. Gram‐positive (E. faecalis and E. faecium) isolates demonstrated high sensitivity to gentamicin and vancomycin in both groups. Furthermore, uropathogens isolated from female urolithiasis patients were more susceptible to antimicrobials than males.ConclusionsUropathogen microbial spectrum in female urolithiasis patients is different from males. High susceptibility antibiotics should be used empirically according to gender to avoid multidrug‐resistant bacteria increase.
Laccase‐mediated oxidation of steroid alcohols in the presence of methylated β‐cyclodextrin: from inhibition to selective synthesis
Authors: Khomutov Sergey M , Shutov Andrey A , Averin Aleksey D , Dovbnya Dmitry V , Donova Marina V 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDLaccase mediator systems (LMS) possess great potential in organic synthesis for selective oxidation in mild conditions. However, their usage in steroid synthetic chemistry is limited by low aqueous solubility of the substrates. In this study, the effect of steroid complexation with methylated cyclodextrin (mCD) on LMS oxidation has been studied.RESULTSLMS consisted of Trametes versicolor laccase and 1‐hydroxybenzotriazole or TEMPO as redox mediators were used. The only product, ‐ 3β‐hydroxyandrost‐5‐en‐7,17‐dione (7‐keto‐DHEA) was detected during LMS oxidation of 3β‐hydroxyandrost‐5‐en‐17‐one (DHEA) at substrate concentrations within solubility. The formation of mCD complex with DHEA led to a decrease in the concentration of the reaction form of the substrate and inhibited bioconversion. When DHEA concentrations over its aqueous solubility was used, 3β,7α‐ and 3β,7β‐dihydroxyandrost‐5‐en‐17‐one (7α‐ and 7β‐OH‐DHEA) along with 7‐keto‐DHEA were formed. Both isomeric 7α‐ and 7β‐OH‐DHEA were efficiently converted to 7‐keto‐DHEA by LMS in the presence of mCD. LMS‐catalyzed oxidation of 20‐hydroxymethylpregn‐4‐en‐3‐one (HMP) in the presence of mCD resulted in a single product, pregn‐4‐en‐3‐one‐20‐carbaldehyde (20‐POA) and the reaction rate increased under elevated mCD concentrations. A preparative biochemical synthesis of 20‐POA was carried out, which has not been so far reported.CONCLUSIONSmCD affects LMS‐catalyzed oxidation of steroid alcohols. The mechanism includes formation of steroid‐mCD inclusion complexes that could inhibit, or facilitate oxidation depending on the structure of steroid‐CD complex and accessibility of the hydroxyl functions to the LMS action. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Diphosphine ligand‐containing model complex of [Fe]‐H2ase active site as direct phenol hydroxylation catalyst in the aqueous phase
Authors: Ma Xiaoyuan , Zhang Xia , Wang Jingchao , Li Siyi , Zhang Tianyong , Jiang Shuang , Li Bin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDDihydroxybenzene (DHB) is a common feedstock in the pharmaceutical and dyestuff industries, which can be prepared by hydroxylation of phenol. It has great potential to find a highly selective catalyst to promote this process.RESULTSTwo novel model complexes, FeI2(CO)2DPPE (1) and FeI2(CO)2DPPP (2), were designed and synthesized, which mimic the active site of [Fe]‐hydrogenase. IR and UV–vis spectroscopies and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction were used to characterize the structures of complexes 1 and 2. According to the IR spectra, complexes 1 and 2 have two cis‐CO ligands, which is similar to the Fe‐GP cofactor isolated from the enzyme. The single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis of complex 1 revealed an angle of 93.7° between the two cis‐CO ligands, confirming the structural similarity to the active site of natural [Fe]‐H2ase. Complex 1 exhibits excellent catalytic properties in phenol hydroxylation, achieving 19.6% phenol conversion and 82.5% DHB selectivity under optimal conditions.CONCLUSIONSComplex 1 is an excellent candidate for mild phenol hydroxylation catalysis. Additionally, a proposed mechanism for hydroxylation catalyzed by complex 1 is presented. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Psychotic‐like experiences associated with sleep disturbance and brain volumes in youth: Findings from the adolescent brain cognitive development study
Authors: Lunsford‐Avery Jessica R. , Damme Katherine S. F. , Vargas Teresa , Sweitzer Maggie M. , Mittal Vijay A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundSleep disturbance is characteristic of schizophrenia and at‐risk populations, suggesting a possible etiological role in psychosis. Biological mechanisms underlying associations between sleep and psychosis vulnerability are unclear, although reduced sleep‐regulatory brain structure volumes are a proposed contributor. This study is the first to examine relationships between psychotic‐like experiences (PLEs; subclinical symptoms reflecting psychosis vulnerability/risk), sleep, and brain volumes in youth.MethodsBrain volumes of five sleep‐related structures were examined in relation to PLEs and difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) in 9,260 9‐ to 11‐year‐olds participating in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Analytic models examined relationships between DIMS, PLEs, and brain volumes, as well as DIMS as a mediator of brain volume–PLEs relationships. Although sleep regulation structures (i.e., thalamus, basal forebrain, and hypothalamus) were of primary interest, other potentially relevant structures to sleep‐related functioning and psychosis (i.e., hippocampus and amygdala) were also examined.ResultsPLEs were associated with increased DIMS as well as reduced volume in some, but not all, brain structures, including the thalamus and basal forebrain in children. DIMS was also associated with reduced left thalamus volume in youth. Increased DIMS partially, statistically mediated the relationship between left thalamic volume and PLEs, although the effect was relatively small.ConclusionsResults highlight left thalamic volume as a potential neural mechanism underlying sleep disturbances and PLEs in childhood. Future studies should assess causal relationships between sleep, PLEs, and brain structure across adolescent development, interactions with other psychosis risk factors, and the role of sleep interventions in prevention of psychosis and a range of psychiatric conditions across the lifespan.
Integrating digital scholarship in dental education: Why, what, and how?
Authors: Dragan Irina F. , Hamza Tahir , McAndrew Maureen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe aim of this perspective paper is to highlight the potential role and value digital scholarship can have in dental education. The use of digital scholarship and alternative metrics for academic assessment, promotion, and tenure is growing rapidly among healthcare scholars and can complement traditional frameworks. The US dental academic institutions might consider expanding the scope of their promotion and tenure guidelines from reliance on publications and grants to a greater appreciation of the impact of the scholar's work in the digital sphere by integrating newer citation indices and altmetrics.
A report of the AGCPD task force to evaluate associations between select admissions requirements, demographics, and performance on ABGC certification examination
Authors: Myers Melanie F. , Bergner Amanda , Conway Laura , Duquette Debra , Durst Andrea L. , Yashar Beverly M. , Zhang Xue , Campion MaryAnn 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGraduation from a genetic counseling graduate program accredited by the Accreditation Council of Genetic Counseling and certification obtained by passing the American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC) certification examination are increasingly required to practice as a genetic counselor in the USA. Despite the ABGC certification examination serving as a gateway to the genetic counseling career, there have been no research studies to date that have examined what variables are associated with examination performance. Therefore, the Association of Genetic Counseling Program Directors established a Task Force to assess whether trainee demographics, Grade point average (GPA) and Graduate Record Exam (GRE®) percentile scores are associated with passing the ABGC certification examination on the first attempt. We surveyed accredited genetic counseling graduate programs in North America and gathered demographic data, admissions variables, and certification examination outcome data for 1,494 trainees from 24 training programs, representing approximately 60.5% of matriculants between 2007 and 2016. Univariable analysis was performed to assess associations between admissions variables and categorical outcome (pass vs. fail) on the certification examination using Wilcoxon rank‐sum or Fisher's exact test. Variables significantly associated with the categorical board outcome were then entered in a stepwise model selection procedure. In stepwise logistic regression, trainees with higher GPA (OR = 3.41; 95% CI = 1.99, 5.83), higher verbal (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.03) and quantitative (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.03) GRE® scores, female trainees (OR = 2.95; 95% CI = 1.70, 5.12), and White trainees (OR 3.37; 95% CI = 2.14, 5.30) had higher odds of passing the certification examination on the first attempt. As programs move to a holistic approach to graduate admissions in order to improve access to the genetic counseling profession, our results may influence programs to provide additional preparation for the certification examination for all trainees. In addition, genetic counseling professional organizations should continue to work together to assess and eliminate outcome disparities in admissions, training, and certification processes.