bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of well-being and social harmony of older persons in Ghana: A secondary analysis of longitudinal survey data of the 2014/15 Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE Wave 2)
Authors: Oduro Joseph Kojo , Kumi-Kyereme Akwasi 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
A crucial factor in healthy ageing is age-friendly environments for older persons. The opportunities that come with getting older as well as the safety of older persons are influenced by their social surroundings and overall well-being, yet, there is a dearth of research focus on this subject. This study examined the association between dimensions of well-being and the social harmony of older persons in Ghana.

Methods
A secondary analysis of longitudinal survey data of the 2014/15 Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE Wave 2) conducted by the World Health Organization was used. Only older adults 60 years and older were included in this study. Multilevel logistic regression techniques were used to examine dimensions of well-being as predictors of social harmony of older persons. The output was reported as odds ratios (OR).

Results
Results show that high levels of emotional and physical well-being were 13.5% and 14.3% more likely to be associated with a high level of social harmony (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.35,1.35), (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.43,1.43). However, older persons with high levels of psychological and spiritual well-being were 7% and 3% less likely to experience a high level of social harmony (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.63,0.93), (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.39,0.40).

Conclusion
This study shows a multifarious association between dimensions of well-being and the social harmony of older persons. A positive association is found between high levels of emotional and physical well-being and social harmony in older persons. However, older persons with high levels of psychological and spiritual well-being showed less experience of social harmony. This has implications for policy for improving older persons’ well-being and social harmony. Policies and social interventions should consider the various needs and situations of older persons to establish an environment of safety and opportunities concerning higher social harmony in Ghanaian society.
Survival analysis of early initiation of antenatal care visits and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia
Authors: Hussen Nuru Mohammed , Gebre Kindu Kebede , Rorisa Tilahun Gemechu , Mohammed Mekash Ayalew 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Early initiation of antenatal care visits creates an opportunity for early detection of high-risk pregnancies, pregnancy complications, health education, and counseling about successful care and nutrition of the mother and the fetus. Thus, the main objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the early initiation of antenatal care visits in Ethiopia.

Methods
The study was conducted based on the children’s data set of the 2019 Ethiopia mini-demographic and health survey. The study employed a retrospective cohort study design using the data downloaded from the Measure Demographic and Health Survey website. The study included a random sample of 2922 pregnant women who had complete information about their first antenatal care visits. A gamma-accelerated failure time model was employed to identify the factors associated with the early initiation of antenatal care visits in Ethiopia.

Results
In Ethiopia, 62% of the pregnant women started their first antenatal care visit early. The higher birth order of the current pregnancy (ϕ = 2.215, 95% CI: 1.8901, 2.5966), mothers being rural residents (ϕ = 1.239, 95% CI: 1.1633 1.3195), mothers aged 25–34 (ϕ = 1.692, 95% CI: 1.5588, 1.8369), and mothers aged above 34 (ϕ = 1.826, 95% CI: 1.6392, 2.0336) were associated with an accelerated time to initiation of antenatal care visits. However, mothers attained higher education (ϕ = 0.830, 95% CI: 0.7345, 0.9373) and rich wealth index (ϕ = 0.869, 95% CI: 0.8156, 0.9259) were associated with a shorter time to initiation of antenatal care visits.

Conclusion
A higher proportion of urban and educated pregnant women initiated their antenatal care visits earlier than the other groups. We recommend that stakeholders at the federal and regional levels should focus on providing special concern for information, education, and communication regarding the importance of early antenatal care visits initiation.
The dysregulation of PARP9 expression is linked to apoptosis and DNA damage in gastric cancer cells
Authors: Li Yating , Wang Xing , Liu Xiaolong , Li Xiangjie , Zhang Jianling , Li Yulan 
Published: December 2024

Background
Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly malignant gastrointestinal tumor characterized by difficult early diagnosis and poor prognosis. Therefore, it is imperative to explore potential therapeutic targets for gastric cancer. PARP9 is abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors and is associated with tumor cell apoptosis and DNA damage. However, its relationship with GC has not been fully studied.

Methods
The expression and prognostic significance of PARP9 in gastric cancer (GC) were examined using bioinformatics approaches. Cell lines with either knockdown or overexpression of PARP9 were established through lentiviral transduction, and the role of PARP9 in the malignant phenotypes of GC cells was validated via CCK8 assays, wound healing assays, clonogenic assays, and Transwell migration experiments. Finally, alterations in downstream targets and signaling pathways following changes in PARP9 expression were analyzed through RNA sequencing.

Results
PARP9 is highly expressed in GC tissues and is associated with poor prognosis. PARP9 knockdown can significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of GC cells, and increase the apoptosis and DNA damage of GC cells. The therapeutic process of PARP9 in GC may be realized by synergistic interaction with SOX6 through MAPK signaling pathway.

Conclusions
Our study reveals a potential link between PARP9 and GC, providing a new target for the treatment of GC.
The Global Fight Against Cervical Cancer – Bridging the Gap in Prevention and Treatment
Authors:   Novotech, Anderson Sarah Rose 
Published: December 2024

Cervical cancer remains one of the most preventable yet devastating diseases affecting women worldwide.

Despite remarkable advances in prevention and treatment, the global burden of cervical cancer continues to highlight stark disparities in healthcare access, education, and resources. As we approach 2050, projections suggest a 40% increase in cervical cancer cases globally, underscoring the urgent need for coordinated, data-driven interventions.
We Have No More Creators
Authors: Provost Sarah Caissie 
Published: December 2024

Pianist Mary Lou Williams spent the last decade of her life as an educator as well as a performer. She presented many lecture-recitals, during which she would imitate famous musicians, play examples of jazz styles, and present her own works. From 1977 to 1981, she held a position at Duke University, teaching jazz to musicians and non-musicians. In this essay I examine archival materials from her lecture-recitals and recordings from her Introduction to Jazz course. These educational activities reveal Williams’s unconventional understanding of jazz history. By examining jazz history as played by a performer who experienced it, we find Williams questioning the historiographers’ understanding of the racial composition of jazz’s background, the distinction between accepted jazz styles, and the body of canonized jazz masterworks. Williams’s educational activities provide a starting point for adding musicians’ voices to the rich body of jazz scholarship. The lecture-recitals also show Williams’s views on jazz education, colored by her opinions of other musicians. I present evidence that her performance-oriented lecture style brought her spiritual beliefs to her college audience. After converting to Catholicism in the 1950s, Williams’s compositional output turned increasingly to spiritually oriented and sometimes overtly religious music. She avoided speaking specifically about God in her classroom, but her beliefs on the spirit of jazz performance and improvisations colored her lectures. While she located positive emotions and brotherhood in some artists’ outputs, she attacked others for lacking the “spiritual feeling” in their music. This group of others was primarily comprised of avant-garde musicians, making her a divisive figure in post-bop history. I suggest here that the controversial views advocated in her lectures that bop and pre-bop music were superior to later styles were dictated by her general beliefs on spirituality.
Investigating the effect of emotional tone on learners’ reading engagement and peer acknowledgement in social annotation
Authors: Huang Xiaoshan , Zheng Juan , Li Shan , Zhu Gaoxia , Du Hanxiang , Zhong Tianlong , Hou Chenyu , Lajoie Susanne 
Published: December 2024

Social annotation fosters collaborative learning by encouraging knowledge sharing and a community of inquiry. However, research has primarily focused on the cognitive aspect of social annotation. This study aims to contribute an emotional perspective to the existing literature on social annotation. Specifically, we used the valence-aware dictionary for sentiment reasoning algorithm to measure students’ emotional tones in 1,954 comments posted during social annotation. We then utilised linear mixed-effect models to examine the effect of emotional tone on students’ reading engagement and peer acknowledgement, respectively. Our findings indicate that students who posted more positive sentiment comments were more likely to spend more time engaging in social annotation and receive peer acknowledgement. These findings offer insights into the significance of emotional tone in social annotation and the design of scaffolding strategies to foster positive emotional tone.

Implications for practice or policy:

Undergraduates’ peer acknowledgement can be enhanced by positive emotional tone in social annotation.
Undergraduates engage more in active reading when their written comment expressed more positive sentiment in social annotation.
Instructional designers and researchers can use sentiment analysis as an analytic approach to evaluate learners’ written texts for promoting peer interaction and reading engagement.
Instructors and educators should consider understanding and monitoring the emotional tones students convey in their social annotations.
A dual-band dual-mode customer premises equipment antenna
Authors: Duan Zhu , Gao Cheng-Lu , Wang Feng , Geyi Wen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Two antenna arrays are designed for beam scanning in the azimuthal plane using the method of maximum power transfer efficiency (MMPTE). The first array consists of vertically polarized single-band bow-tie like dipole antennas operating at 3.5 GHz. It can be switched between directional and omnidirectional modes, achieving an omnidirectional/directional gain of 3.6/8.1 dBi. Based on the single-band array, a second vertically polarized dual-band dipole array is proposed by replacing the bow-tie arm with two nesting loops, which can achieve omnidirectional and directional radiations at 3.5 GHz and 4.9 GHz with an omnidirectional/directional gain of 1.7/7.5 dBi and 3.3/7.5 dBi respectively. The satisfactory dual-mode operations of the proposed arrays make them suitable for CPE applications.
Impact of post-task explicit instruction on the interaction among child EFL learners in online task-based reading lessons
Authors: Chung Yoojin , Révész Andrea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
L2 researchers increasingly agree that task-based teaching, combined with timely form-focused instruction, offers an ideal environment for L2 learning. However, the timing of form-focused instruction is debated, with concerns that pre-task interventions may distract learners from focusing on meaning. While some studies address this issue for adults, little is known about children. Hence, this study examined the impact of post-task explicit instruction on children’s task-based interactions in an online EFL setting. Thirty-three Korean EFL children aged 7–11 participated in seven online lessons using Zoom and Padlet. They read a storybook and completed a collaborative post-reading task. The +Explicit Instruction group (+EI) received a three-minute grammar explanation before the task, while the −Explicit Instruction group (−EI) did not. The children’s interaction was analysed for language-related episodes (LREs). Although the number of LREs was small, the −EI group generated significantly more and more elaborate LREs than the +EI group. Regardless of group, the participants attempted to address the majority of linguistic issues raised, but importantly, LREs related to the target form hardly ever occurred. Overall, the analyses of task-based interactions revealed that participants’ primary attention remained on meaning, regardless of whether or not they received explicit instruction.
Newborn screening follow-up in Bavaria: height and weight in paediatric patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Dubinski Ilja , Marzi Carola , Nennstiel Uta , Schiergens Katharina , Schmidt Heinrich , Odenwald Birgit 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Auxology is essential for monitoring congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Data from prospective studies of newborn screening (NBS) are scarce.

Methods
Analysis of data extracted from a population-based prospective long-term follow-up survey study of children detected through NBS in Bavaria in 1999–2018. The study is based on standardized parent or patient questionnaires, supplemented by medical reports. Height, weight, and treatment data of 146 children/adolescents with classical CAH were analyzed. The entire observation period up to the age of 18 years was completed by 55 patients. Standard Deviation Scores (SDS) for height/body-mass-index (BMI) at different ages and the deviation of the height SDS at age 18 years from the parental target-height SDS were calculated.

Results
Male and female patients with CAH showed different and altered growth patterns, resulting in a median [IQR] SDS deviation from target height of −0.81 [−1.05, −0.41] in males and −0.35 [−0.90, 0.02] in females. BMI-SDS values were significantly (p<0.05) increased in males aged 6–16 years and in females aged 2 and 8–12 years. The average total steroid dose was higher in males (p<0.001). For deviations from target height, significant associations were found with sex (p<0.05) and adherence (p<0.01), but not with mutation group or steroid-dose. For BMI, none of the parameters showed a significant correlation.

Conclusions
Early treatment after NBS has helped to improve, but not to normalize, the development of height and weight in patients with CAH. Optimizing monitoring and treatment, preferably sex-specific, remains a challenge for clinical practice and research.
Does clonidine stimulate copeptin in children?
Authors: Binder Gerhard , Weber Karin , Peter Andreas , Schweizer Roland 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Copeptin is secreted in isomolar amounts along with AVP. Its stability makes it a perfect biomarker of AVP deficiency. In children, dynamic GH tests were shown to stimulate copeptin. Here, we retrospectively studied the effect of clonidine on copeptin release.

Methods
This is a monocentric retrospective analysis of donated residual serum samples from 42 children with suspected growth hormone deficiency (GHD) who underwent clonidine stimulation between 2020 and 2023. Copeptin was measured in baseline, 30-, 60-, 90- and 120-min samples by BRAHMS Copeptin proAVP Kryptor immunofluorescence assay.

Results
There were 20 patients with GHD and 22 without; no patient had polyuria-polydipsia syndrome. Median age was 6.7 years (quartiles; 5.6–7.8), and the median height was −2.92 SDS (−3.42 to −2.34). The median baseline level of copeptin was 5.6 pmol/L (3.4–9.6). Median copeptin mildly decreased to 4.5 pmol/L (3.0–10.0) after 30 min; this change was not significant (p=0.45). Thereafter, median values remained low at 4.6, 4.6, and 4.6 pmol/L (60, 90, and 120 min). There was no correlation between baseline copeptin levels and the diagnosis of GHD.

Conclusions
The clonidine stimulation test does not stimulate copeptin release and is not suitable for the assessment of AVP deficiency in children.
Unclear symptoms, early diagnosis and perfect outcome: a case diagnosed as sepiapterin reductase deficiency hidden behind vitamin B12 deficiency
Authors: Akbeyaz İsmail Hakkı , Ünver Olcay , Öztürk Gülten , Hişmi Burcu Öztürk , Ayaz Akif , Aydın Kürşad , Türkdoğan Dilşad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Sepiapterin reductase deficiency (SRD) is a rare dopa-sensitive neurotransmitter disorder caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the sepiapterin reductase gene. The triad of paroxysmal stiffening, oculogyric crises, and hypotonia are highly suggestive in some patients. However, in other patients, the clinical picture may be nonspecific and remain under-recognized and misdiagnosed as cerebral palsy.

Case presentation
We present a nine-month-old boy who initially presented with hypotonia and developmental delay, diagnosed as vitamin B12 deficiency. Upon he did not respond to vitamin replacement treatment, he was diagnosed with SRD by whole-exome sequencing (WES). The boy improved dramatically under treatment with L-dopa, 5-hydroxytryptophan and BH4.

Conclusions
We aim to emphasize that SRD can present with nonspecific symptoms, leading to a diagnostic delay for this rare but treatable disease. Moreover, our case is the first to demonstrate the clinical benefit of BH4 add-on treatment. Early intervention is crucial for good outcome and neurodevelopment.
Closed form formulae for two interacting equal parallel through-wall cracks embedded in an infinite elastic medium under normal tension
Authors: Gilles Philippe , Chapuliot Stephane 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Fitness-For-Service (FFS) and regulatory codes provide rules allowing determining whether multiple flaws shall be combined into a single flaw or evaluated separately. However, these rules set thresholds beyond which flaws are replaced by an envelope sometimes over conservative. The present study aims to develop a hybrid surrogate model accounting for crack interaction in an infinite isotropic homogeneous medium subjected to a uniform stress field normal to the reference plane. The paper presents closed form formulae for interaction factors relative to parallel equal through-wall cracks subjected to normal tension. Crack shielding is analysed in detail: the equation of the shielding limit is established and mode I and mode II variations of overlapped cracks are compared. Comparison with Finite Element calculations for all configurations validate the results.
Exploring the potential and performance constraints of Ni-rich LiNi$$_{0.9}$$Co$$_{0.1}$$O$$_2$$ cathodes for lithium-ion battery application
Authors: Ikuerowo Temitayo Ojuetimi , Salawu Omotayo Akande , Tomomewo Olusegun Stanley 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The high-capacity but unstable LiNiO$$_2$$

2

(LNO) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries can be improved through partial substitution with cobalt. First-principles calculations were performed to study the impact of 10% cobalt doping on the structural and defect properties of LiNi$$_{0.9}$$

0.9

Co$$_{0.1}$$

0.1

O$$_2$$

2

(NC91). Results reveal that the Ni antisites prefer to be positioned farther away from the Co atom. This work provides fundamental insights into the structure–property relationships resulting from low levels of cobalt doping in Ni-rich cathodes.

Graphical abstract
Practice of cough etiquette and quality of life among MDR-TB patients at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sangolli Basavaraj , SA Meghana , Banu Saniya , BM Rashmi , Hatti Shubham S 
Published: December 2024

Tuberculosis is a highly contagious disease. When a patient with pulmonary TB coughs/sneezes without appropriate cough etiquette, it may spread to others. Also cough due to TB has significantly impaired quality of life of patient. To find the cough hygiene practices and assess quality of life among multi drug resistant tuberculosis patients. It was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted at DR-TB centre of Basaveshwara medical college and hospital over a period of six months. All the active MDR-TB cases either attending or admitted at the DR-TB centre were personally interviewed by giving preformed questionnaire to assess the knowledge and practice of respiratory hygiene and Leicester cough questionnaire and Cough specific quality of life questionnaire were given to assess the quality of life.Total of 50 patients were included in our study out of which 28 were males and 22 were females. Majority (64%) were unaware of mode of transmission of TB. 90% were unaware of hygienic sputum disposal. Knowledge and practice of cough etiquette was poor. Our study also showed that total LCQ scores were lower in females as compared to males (10.1±2.8 versus 12.3±2.2). Total CQLQ scores were higher in females as compared to males (78.3±10 versus 69.6±4.9). Both indicating worse QOL in female patients.Majority were unaware of proper knowledge and practice of cough hygiene. Most of the females reported worse QOL. There should be proper interaction between DOTS providers and patient’s, they should educate patients about cough etiquette and its importance. NTEP should also focus on improving QOL of patients.
Los límites de la lengua y los límites de la historia en los inicios de la lingüística hispanoamericana
Authors: Ennis Juan Antonio 
Published: December 2024

La historia de la lingüística y la filología en Hispanoamérica se verifica, desde los primeros ensayos de prestigio en la materia, como una historia jalonada durante mucho tiempo por una serie de esfuerzos individuales carentes de la fortaleza y continuidad institucional necesaria hasta avanzado el siglo XX para pensar en el desarrollo de un campo de los estudios lingüísticos propiamente dicho. En este trabajo, se propone una revisión de una de esas instancias de comienzos, a partir de la lectura de aquellos trabajos con los que dos pioneros fundamentales en la materia –Rodolfo Lenz y Federico Hanssen– iniciaron su labor científica en el Chile de finales del siglo XIX, y su relación con los desarrollos posteriores, a partir de la aparición de la escuela de Madrid. La hipótesis de trabajo que quisiéramos ensayar en este caso, es que esta trayectoria de la investigación lingüística sobre el español americano puede ser leída muchas veces como un tratado (y trazado) de límites para la lengua en la historia. Estos límites conciernen tanto al lugar del español entre las lenguas románicas, a la unidad histórica y futuro posible de la lengua española en América, como a su permeabilidad frente al contacto.