bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Warunki hydrotermiczne w centralnej części rejonu kanału Wieprz-Krzna w 50-leciu (1966–2015)
Authors: KULIK MARIUSZ , BARYŁA RYSZARD , CZARNECKI ZBIGNIEW , BOCHNIAK ANDRZEJ 
Published: November 2021

Celem pracy jest analiza warunków hydrotermicznych w okresie wegetacyjnym ostatniego 50-lecia (lata 1966–2015) w środkowej części rejonu kanału Wieprz-Krzna (centralnej części Polesia Lubelskiego). Charakterystykę warunków hydrotermicznych okresu wegetacji opracowano, wykorzystując dane temperatury powietrza i sum opadów ze stacji meteorologicznej zlokalizowanej w Sosnowicy (wschodnia Polska). Stacja meteorologiczna znajduje się na obszarze odwodnionego i zagospodarowanego kompleksu torfowiska niskiego położonego pomiędzy kanałem Wieprz-Krzna a rzeką Piwonią. Warunki wilgotnościowe analizowanych okresów i podokresów oceniono na podstawie przedziałów zaproponowanych przez Skowerę i Pułę wg współczynnika hydrotermicznego Sielianinowa. W analizowanym 50-leciu (1966–2015) obserwowano systematyczny wzrost średnich temperatur powietrza w kolejnych dekadach. Roczne sumy opadów w tym rejonie kształtowały się w przedziale od 327,2 mm do 819,5 mm, co wskazuje na ich duże zróżnicowanie. Okres wegetacyjny (kwiecień–wrzesień) charakteryzował się większą sumą opadów niż okres pozawegetacyjny (październik–marzec). Dwa lata (2002 i 2003) odznaczały się skrajnie suchym okresem wegetacyjnym, a 21 lat – suchym lub dość suchym. Pozostałe lata cechowały się korzystnymi warunkami wilgotnościowymi w okresie wegetacji, jednak analizując krótsze (2-miesięczne) okresy, należy stwierdzić, że przeważały niekorzystne warunki, zwłaszcza w okresach letnim (czerwiec–lipiec) i letnio-jesiennym (sierpień–wrzesień).
Allelopatyczny wpływ skoszonej biomasy nadziemnej Lolium perenne na skład gatunkowy i walory estetyczne trawnika
Authors: LIPIŃSKA HALINA , SYKUT MAGDALENA , KĘPKOWICZ AGNIESZKA , WAŃKOWICZ WIESŁAW , BIESKE-MATEJAK ALICJA , ZACHARIASZ AGATA , KORNAS RAFAŁ , LIPIŃSKI WOJCIECH 
Published: November 2021

The study objective was to assess the allelopathic impact of the cut aboveground vegetative shoots of the selected lawn cultivars of L. perenne on the decorative value and species composition of the sward, including the share of dicotyledons. The studies were conducted in field conditions. The following indicators of the allelopathic impact of L. perenne were chosen: the share of the sown cultivars and dicotyledons in the lawn sward, general aspect, sward density and overwinter survival in object A, where the cut biomass was left, and in control object B, from which the biomass was removed immediately after cutting. The biomass of ‘Nira’ and ‘Stadion’ cultivars, cut and left on the lawn surface, exhibited auto-allelopathic properties by reducing their own share in the sward. The share of dicotyledons in the sward was reduced to the largest extent in the treatment where the cut biomass of ‘Nira’ cultivar was left. Only the ‘Stadion’ cultivar had a significantly lower sward density and a poorer general aspect of the sward in objects where the cut biomass was left in comparison with the objects where the cut biomass was removed. All the cultivars under study had better overwinter survival results in the objects where the cut biomass was left on the lawn surface.
Influence of selected environmental and production factors on mineral nitrogen loss
Authors: LIPIŃSKA HALINA , KORNAS RAFAŁ , JACKOWSKA IZABELLA , LIPIŃSKI WOJCIECH , BOCHNIAK ANDRZEJ , GOLIASZ MAŁGORZATA 
Published: November 2021

Nitrogen, an indispensable component of living organisms can exert a negative impact on various elements of the environment. The study objective is to identify the correlation between certain environment and production factors and mineral nitrogen content in the 60–90 cm soil layer, recognised as a potential loss of this ingredient from the production and economic perspective and as a hazard to water quality. The study is based on the results obtained from 320 points (a total of 2560 samples from the 0–30, 30–60 and 60–90 cm layers), located in mineral soils in the Lublin Province, as part of a Nmin monitoring project in the years 2008–2011. The soil material was collected in the spring and autumn, Nmin content was determined using (the spectrophotometric method) against the background of precipitation and air temperature and groups of crop plants, fertilisation and animal stock at farms where measurement points were located. Livestock and crop cultivation had the greatest impact on Nmin loss. There was no significant impact of the weather conditions and N doses in the mineral fertilizers in the spring measurement period. In contrast, the correlations with the analysed factors were stronger in the autumn.
The use of intrarenal injection of sodium pentobarbital for euthanasia in cats
Authors: Cooney Kathleen A. , Coates Jennifer A. , Leach Lesley M. , Hrenchir Kristin R. , Kogan Lori R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether intrarenal injection of sodium pentobarbital is a viable method for euthanasia in anesthetized client-owned cats and assess potential factors associated with time to cardiopulmonary arrest (TCPA) for such treated cats.

ANIMALS
131 client-owned cats.

PROCEDURES
In this retrospective study, client-owned cats presented for euthanasia between March 1, 2009, and January 15, 2010, were evaluated by veterinarians to determine suitability of intrarenal injection versus other methods of euthanasia. Cats included were anesthetized and then received 6 mL of sodium pentobarbital (390 mg/mL) by intrarenal injection. Results for TCPA were compared for cats grouped on the basis of variables of interest.

RESULTS
131 cats were included, of which 74 (79%) had a TCPA < 1 minute and 28 (21%) had a TCPA between 1.5 and 8 minutes after intrarenal injection. Most (124/131 [95%]) cats had no observable reaction to the intrarenal injection other than cardiopulmonary arrest. Median TCPA was longer for cats without (1 min; 25/131 [19%]) versus with (0 min; 106/131 [81%]) palpable kidney swelling upon injection.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The effects of intrarenal injection of sodium pentobarbital in cats of the present study were similar to those typically observed with IV administration of euthanasia solution. When this intrarenal injection method is used, cardiopulmonary arrest with few agonal reactions can be expected to occur quickly in most patients. The intrarenal injection method is suited for euthanasia of anesthetized cats with easily located kidneys when IV access may be difficult.
Improving the efficacy of Tithonia diversifolia extract in management of foliar diseases of sesame intercropped with maize under tropical conditions
Authors: Jimoh Muideen , Enikuomehin Ololade Adeduro , Afolabi Clement Gboyega , Olowe Victor Idowu Olugbenga 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) and Alternaria leaf blight (ALB) diseases are major constraints to sesame production. Although disease management through intercropping of sesame with maize and foliar-spray with extracts of Tithonia diversifolia have been found to be effective, the frequency of application of the extracts required to achieve optimal disease control have not been determined. Therefore, a study was carried out to determine the effect of frequency of application of T. diversifolia extract on CLS and ALB diseases of sesame intercropped with maize during the early (June – September) and late (August – November) cropping seasons of 2011. Field experiments laid out in a Randomised Complete Block design and in a split plot arrangement with three replications were conducted in Ejigbo, Nigeria. Treatments consisted of aqueous Tithonia diversifolia leaf extract applied at 7.0, 7.5 or 8.0 % (w/v) in one-, two- or three- spray regimes at 2-week intervals from three weeks after planting (WAP) to plots of sesame intercropped with maize; Unsprayed sesame/maize intercrop; sesame/maize intercrop sprayed with Carbendazim (50 %)WP and unsprayed sole sesame plots. Results revealed that CLS and ALB incidence, severity and defoliation were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by three-spray regime of 7.5 % (w/v) T. diversifolia extract. The efficacy of 7.5 % (w/v) T. diversifolia extract was comparable to that of 8.0 % (w/v) T. diversifolia extract or synthetic fungicide (Carbendazim 50 %WP). This study showed that the three-spray regime of 7.5 % w/v T. diversifolia leaf extract is sufficient to control foliar diseases of sesame intercropped with maize.
Thomas Aquinas and Albertus Magnus on the Problem of Evil: Insights from their Commentaries on the Book of Job
Authors: Harkins Franklin T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article broadly considers the commentaries on Job of Thomas Aquinas and Albert the Great as offering a helpful theological alternative to some modern philosophical approaches to the ‘problem of evil’. We seek to show that whereas some modern philosophers understand evil as a problem for the very existence of God, whether and how God can coexist with evil was never a question that evil seriously raised in the minds of Aquinas and Albert. In fact, although the suffering of the just in particular led our medieval Dominicans to wonder about divine providence and our ability to know God in this life, they understood the reality of evil as compelling evidence for the existence of God.
Grace Presupposes Nature: The Structure of the Summa and an Illustration by the Virtue of Patience in Light of Christ
Authors: Pellegrin Tyler 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The first part of this essay argues that the very structure and ordering of Thomas Aquinas’ Summa Theologiae manifests a departure from the typical theological position of his time regarding natural acquired virtues. Resting on a conviction that grace presupposes nature, Aquinas uniquely holds that natural virtues perfective of human nature can be acquired prior to grace, which can be elevated and incorporated by grace into the properly Christian life. The second part of this essay offers a case study of the virtue of patience that illustrates the argument of the first part of the paper.
Relations between Canada and First Nations in the West (1867-1900): The Numbered Treaties, Indian Act, and Loss of Aboriginal Autonomy
Authors: Allard Chris 
Published: November 2021

This paper examines the relationship between the Government of Canada and First Nations during and after the first seven numbered treaty negotations (1867-1900). During this time, the government viewed First Nations as impediments to economic, political, and social development in western Canada. In order to secure land for newcomers and gain control of the West, the government negotiated treaties and passed legislation to control and assimilate the Aboriginal population (1876 Indian Act). As this paper explains, unjust government actions and broken government promises only made the relationship between First Nations and Canada more contentious during the late 19th century.
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE OF MAYBELLINE COSMETICS ADVERTISEMENT FOUND IN CATALOGUE ONLINE ON PINTEREST
Authors: Wibowo Syamsuri Ari , Rosiani Hilda 
Published: November 2021

Advertisement is a media communication which contains sign the most. In order to achieve the selling goals, companies will provide advertisement to introduce their product. In this matter, the thesis writer focuses on analyzing figurative language in advertisement. They are two objectives intended to be solved in this thesis, they are to describe types of figurative language and describe the meaning of figurative language in Maybelline cosmetics advertisement found in Pinterest. This study was conducted to analyze the uses of figurative language in Maybelline cosmetics of the catalogue online Pinterest. This study focuses on observing the words which contain figurative language by using Perrine’s theory. The method of this study uses descriptive qualitative because the researcher described the sentence that is categorized into figurative language. Whereas, data source were taken from advertisement catalogue online Pinterest which were publish on 2016 to 2018. The result of the data shows that there are eleven sentences which contain eight categorized figurative language and seventeen word that found in advertisement. The study found that there are eight kinds of figurative language which appeared in Maybelline advertisement such as: Personification, paradox, metaphor, apostrophe, symbol, allegory, hyperbole, and repetition. Keyword: Language, Figurative Language, Maybelline Advertisement
LIBBY’S DEPRESSION AS SEEN IN JENNIFER NIVEN’S HOLDING UP THE UNIVERSE
Authors: Handoko Putut , Firdaus Ghina Arifah 
Published: November 2021

The thesis writer focuses on the analysis of Libby’s Depression as seen in Jennifer Niven’s Holding Up The Universe. The objectives of the study are, to find out the types of Libby's Depression, the causal factors of Libby's Depression and the effects of Libby's Depression as see in Jennifer Niven's Holding Up The Universe on herself, the society, and Jack Masselin. The thesis writer applies the theory of concept of depression, sign and symptoms of depression, the causes of depression, and she also applies a qualitative research. Keywords: Depression
The Syntactical Analysis Of Sentence Patterns Of Make Over Lipstick Advertisement Found In Instagram Applied In Tree Diagram
Authors: Budianto Suhartawan , Amaliyah Rochmathul 
Published: November 2021

The science of language is known linguistics. Syntax is a branch of linguistics that studies the set of words, phrases, clauses in a sentence. The researcher focuses her research on sentence pattern in Make Over lipstick advertisement found in instagram. The objective of this research are to analyze the syntactical structure of sentence pattern applied in tree diagram and transformation grammar. The tree diagram used to describe words, phrases, or clauses arranged in a sentence. While the transformation grammar function to find out the changes in the shape of a sentence. In analyzing the data in tree diagram the researcher uses Dianne Borstein theory and for analyzing the data in transformation grammar uses Akmajian and Frank theory. The researcher uses descriptive qualitative methods to describe and explain the finding data. The data found were thirteen data taken through the selection of sentences based on their types, namely declarative sentence, question sentences, and exclamation sentences. The data is then analyzed. From the analysis carried out, the reseracher found declarative sentences and exclamation sentences on the basic structure of sentences while the command sentences and question sentences are in the transformation grammar structure. Key Words : Syntactical Analysis, sentence pattern, Instagram advertisement.
INSTITUTIONAL RACISM IN ANGIE THOMAS’ THE HATE U GIVE
Authors: FANANI, M. Pd. Dr. ABU , YANTI, S. S. NISA RITMA 
Published: November 2021

Yanti, N. R. and Fanani, Abu (2020). Institutional Racism in Angie Thomas’ The Hate U Give.
Keywords: racism, institutional racism, African American literary criticism.

This article tries to analyze a novel written by Angie Thomas entitled The Hate U Give and focuses on the main character named Starr Carter. The purpose of this article is to know racism that occurs in the novel and the way Starr has to deal with it.
The method used in this study is qualitative research or library research, it means the data are concerned with texts, written words, phrases or symbols. Primary data source of this research is taken from the novel while secondary data sources are taken from articles, journals, websites, and books that relate with this analysis. The collected data are analyzed by applying institutional racism theory in African American literary criticism.
As the result of the analysis it is found that there are three parts of institutional racism portrayed in this novel, those are ignorance toward Black Panthers’ Ten-Point Program, the shooting in license checking, and physical punishment in police patrol.
Harina de desperdicios
Authors: Sevilla Valdivia Rafael Alberto 
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo presenta una interesante propuesta de producción de alimentos balanceado en forma de harina, a partir de los desperdicios de las aves.
En él se propone la instalación de una planta que permita recuperar los desperdicios de beneficio de las aves (plumas, sangre, visceras), para transformarlos en productos alimenticios, permitiendo reducir costos, mejorando la calidad del producto final, no contaminando el medio ambiente y preparándonos para enfrentar las nuevas necesidades del consumidor final.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS RESISTANCE OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Кольцова Ирина Владимировна , Долганина Вера Васильевна 
Published: November 2021

Обозначена необходимость развития стрессоустойчивости подростков, характеризующаяся степенью адаптации личности к воздействию экстремальных факторов социальной среды. Стрессоустойчивость подростков представлена как органично взаимосвязанное единство трех структурных компонентов - когнитивного, эмоционально-волевого, поведенческого. Представлены результаты проведенного психологического исследования по реализации программы психолого-педагогического сопровождения развития стрессоустойчивости подростков.
The authors indicate the need for the development of stress resistance in adolescents, characterized by the necessary degree of her (personality) adaptation to the impact of extreme factors of the social environment. Stress resistance of adolescents is presented as an organically interconnected unity of three structural components - cognitive, emotional-volitional, and behavioral. The results of the psychological research on the implementation of the program of psychological and pedagogical support for the development of stress resistance in adolescents are presented.
THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE METHODS IN THE FORMATION OF THE COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS
Authors: Абибулаева Найле Суеновна 
Published: November 2021

Проанализировано содержание основных понятий исследования: «метод», «когнитивный метод», «активность», «познавательная активность». Изучено содержание когнитивных методов в процессе обучения химии. Охарактеризованы способы развития познавательной активности обучающихся. Сделаны выводы, что когнитивные методы содействуют всестороннему развитию личности обучающегося в процессе обучения химии, формируют навыки самостоятельного решения задач и ситуаций. Также установлено, что описанные методы способствуют критическому анализу противоречивых идей, формированию высокого уровня познавательной активности.
The article analyzes the content of the basic research concepts: «method», «cognitive method», «activity», «cognitive activity». The content of cognitive methods in the process of teaching chemistry has been studied. The ways of development of students' cognitive activity are characterized. It is concluded that cognitive methods contribute to the comprehensive development of the student's personality in the process of teaching chemistry, form the skills of independent problem and situation solving. It was also found that the described methods contribute to the critical analysis of conflicting ideas, the formation of a high level of cognitive activity.
How Quality of Work-life’s Mediating Effect of Compensation System on Teacher’s Organizational Commitment?
Authors: Sulistiasih Sulistiasih , Widodo Widodo 
Published: November 2021

This study analyzes the effect of compensation system on teachers’ organizational commitment mediating by quality of work-life (QWL). The research data was collected by a questionnaire through the survey methods toward 325 teachers of a private school in Indonesia. Data analysis uses path analysis supported by descriptive statistics and correlational. The results show that compensation system had a significant effect on teachers’ organizational commitment mediating by QWL. This study also was found a fit research model can discuss among researchers and practitioners as references/discourse or a strategy for enhancing organizational commitment in various research fields and contexts.
Art Therapy Kurang Efektif Untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Kecemasan: Studi Meta-Analisis
Authors: Pratidina Putu Ayu Onik , Yudiarso Ananta 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas art therapy dalam upaya menurunkan tingkat kecemasan. Penelitian ini adalah studi meta-analisis melalui reviu literatur yang melibatkan 13 jurnal internasional yang sesuai dengan variabel penelitian. Adapun jumlah total partisipan dari seluruh jurnal yang digunakan adalah 596 orang. Kegiatan art therapy yang dilakukan dalam proses intervensinya adalah art-making (seperti melukis, mewarnai, menggambar, dan membentuk clay). Berdasarkan pengolahan data Mean, Standard deviation, dan jumlah sampel yang digunakan, diperoleh nilai effect size cohen’s d sebesar 0,570 (95% CI = -1,022 sampai -0,117) dengan I² (inconsistency) = 83,4% (95% CI = 72,3% sampai 88,8%). Hasil pengolahan data juga menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat bias publikasi dalam penelitian. Dari nilai effect size cohen’s d tersebut, dapat dikatakan bahwa efek dari pemberian art therapy kurang efektif dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan yang dimiliki oleh individu.
Analysis of Carbon Neutrality Programmes in the International Market
Authors:   , Mitchell Robert 
Published: November 2021

<p>Carbon Neutrality is a new concept that lacks a broadly accepted definition. There are diverse definitions and many different carbon neutrality programmes available in the market. The availability of so many diverse definitions and programmes can create confusion about what consumers are buying and whether or not it is of a reasonable level of quality. This thesis's aim was to analyse a selection of programmes from the Carbon Neutrality market to gain a greater understanding of content, process, and criteria that comprise carbon programmes. As there was a lack of literature available on Carbon Neutrality; this thesis developed a series of criteria that were developed from a literature review of the broader literature of environmental. The literature review focused on potential market failures, environmental reporting and eco-labels, which identified issues such as information asymmetry, lack of transparency, and adverse selection. Of the Carbon Neutrality service providers asked to participate in this thesis, the majority declined, as a result two were analysed; The Carbon Neutral Company, and CarbonZero. The analysis showed that the programmes use many, but not all, of the criteria identified by this thesis as necessary to provide accurate and comprehensive Carbon Neutral accreditation. The programmes varied in their definitions of what is Carbon Neutrality. This was illustrated by which sections of their programmes were voluntary and which were mandatory. This thesis came to the conclusion that as an undeveloped market there are issues around what should be included in a programme. The criteria developed by this thesis also have the potential to be used for analysing environmental reporting standards and eco-labels. Furthermore methods of communicating a programme's content and the outcome of CN accreditation varied, exhibiting both positive and negative aspects addressing issues such as information asymmetry and adverse selection.</p>