bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 in children
Authors: Kosmynina N.S. , Avramenko I.Yu. , Luchkovska O.L. 
Published: September 2021

Background. In 2020, a new human coronavirus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), became a pandemic, causing the disease course from mild symptoms to severe cases. In this article we analyze the features of the course of coronavirus disease among children from 3 to 18 years. Materials and methods. Medical records of 69 pediatric inpatients aged 3 to 18 years were analysed. They were hospitalized in the Lviv Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT” from April to December 2020 with a diagnosis of coronavirus disease. Laboratory tests for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA were performed in samples of nasopharyngeal swabs by polymerase chain reaction at the Lviv Regional Laboratory Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. The results were processed statistically using Excel software from Microsoft Office 2019 packages. Results. It was found that 88.4 % of children came into contact with infected family members. The presence of comorbidities was observed in 17.3 % of patients. The main manifestations of coronavirus disease in children were: fever > 38 °C — 52.2 %, < 38 °C — 39.1 %, sore throat — 14.5 %, runny nose — 13 %, loss of smell and taste — 8.7 %, cough — 24.6 %, abdominal pain and diarrhea — 10.1 %, general weakness — 52.2 %. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis in 5.9 % of children, leukopenia in 53.6 %. Pneumonia was observed in 36.2 % of cases. Two patients had complications in the form of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which had a severe, life-threatening course. In the period from 14 to 48 days after COVID-19, this syndrome was diagnosed in 10 children. Conclusions. Children, regardless of age, are susceptible to coronavirus and have not been the primary source of SARS-CoV-2 in the family. The clinical course of the disease was manifested in most cases by fever and general weakness. Pneumonia was observed in 36.2 % of patients, severe complications in the form of systemic inflammatory response syndrome was detected in 2 children on the background of the acute course of the disease and in 10 children this syndrome occurred within 48 days after COVID-19.
TURKISH PRE-SERVICE MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ BELIEFS IN MULTIPLICATION
Authors: Novikasari Ifada , Dede Yüksel 
Published: September 2021

Mathematics teachers’ beliefs play an important role in the mathematics teaching practices. However, the instruments used to measure the mathematics on certain contents are still limited. Thus, this study was conducted to develop a Multiplication Beliefs Questionnaire (MBQ) to identify and examine the profile of Turkish pre-service mathematics teachers’ beliefs. The samples of this study consisted of 414 four-year pre-service primary mathematics teachers from 18 different universities in Turkey collected using a convenience sampling technique. The validity of the questionnaire was analyzed using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). We obtained four components of beliefs in multiplication covering, remote belief in multiplication (C1), multiplication operation belief in mathematics textbooks (C2), dynamic belief in multiplication learning (C3), and self-efficacy belief in multiplication problems (C4). The results showed that the pre-service mathematics teachers’ beliefs in components C1, C3, and C4 were positive, while component C2 was neutral. This study had an essential contribution to the mathematics literature since developing a questionnaire on multiplication distributed to the pre-service teachers. The previous studies showed that belief was subjective yet objectively influenced knowledge. Thus, identifying the pre-service teachers’ beliefs in teacher education may provide various benefits in reforming mathematics teaching.
The Antecedents of the Consumers' Mobile Learning Intention during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Armagan Ece , Durukal Esma 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose Covid-19, which affects the whole world, has caused serious changes in many aspects such as lifestyle, habits and purchasing behaviour. New digital consumers and companies that emerged during the epidemic; they realized that mobile devices, especially mobile phones, have become a solution to many real-world problems such as learning and education anytime and anywhere. This study aims to determine the factors affecting the users' mobile learning (m-learning) usage intention during the Covid-19 pandemic process.
Design/methodology/approach – This study contributed to the confirmation of the extended TAM model for a mobile device. The sample of the questionnaire is 460 students from different universities in Turkey. These data obtained were analyzed with the Structural Equation Model (SEM) and LISREL program was used for data analysis.
Findings – This study proffers a model that the antecedents of the users' mobile learning intention during the Covid-19 pandemic. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the factor affecting the users' mobile learning (m-learning) intention to use the most is perceived ease of use, the least effective factor is intrinsic leisure motivation, and the future anxiety factor has a meaningless effect.
Originality/value – A holistic view of the antecedents of the users' mobile learning intention during the Covid-19 pandemic would be of important use to practitioners and academics alike. This study is different from previous studies; It is thought that it will contribute to the literature by addressing the effects of internal leisure motivation, future anxiety, behavioural spread and system-service quality dimensions on m-learning. For the researchers, this study took an important step towards explaining the m-learning relationship with students' intrinsic leisure motivation, future anxiety, behavioural spread, and system-service quality learning perspectives.
Keywords Mobile learning, Mobile CRM, Technology Acceptance Model
Clinical features of the combined course of liver cirrhosis and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Baylo A. 
Published: September 2021

Objective – to investigate the clinical features of the combined course of liver cirrhosis of classes A, B, C according to the Child-Pugh scale and atrial fibrillation in comparison with an isolated course of liver cirrhosis.
Material and methods. 106 patients were examined, of which 70 patients were with a combined course of liver cirrhosis and permanent AF (group I), 36 patients with an isolated course of liver cirrhosis (group II) and 20 healthy individuals. The diagnosis of liver cirrhosis was established according to the unified clinical protocol of medical care "Liver cirrhosis and its complications", which was approved by the MHU №751 Sep 28, 2012 and AASLD Practice Guidelines. The symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract and the cardiovascular system were assessed. SPSS Statistics and Excel for Windows 2013 software packages were used for statistical analysis.
Results. Edematous syndrome was 3.3 times more common in patients with liver cirrhosis and atrial fibrillation than in patients with liver cirrhosis (p = 0.035), in particular in patients of class C group I by 35.6% more often than in group II patients of the same class. The frequency of dyspnea in patients of group I was 7.4 times higher than in patients of group II (p<0.001), including in patients of class A by 52%, class B by 29.6% and class by 35.7%. The frequency of chest pain was higher in group I patients (p = 0.002) than in group II patients.
Conclusions. The frequency of gastrointestinal manifestations gradually increases with worsening of the severity of liver cirrhosis according to the Child-Pugh scale in patients of both groups. Manifestations of the cardiovascular system were present mainly in patients of group I and did not depend on the severity of liver cirrhosis.
Kiribati's Strategy in Facing the Problem of Sea Level Rise through the Kiribati Adaptation Program (KAP)
Authors: Astriviany Maurin 
Published: September 2021

The vulnerability of the Pacific Region which generally consists of small country and island nations makes countries in the region need to be aware of the threat of sea level rising. Kiribati is one of the countries that will be most affected. Therefore, the Kiribati Adaptation Program is one of the Government’s strategies that collaborated with the World Bank as the main donor party to reduce the adverse effect from sea level Rising. Divided into three phases of the program, we will see how it progresses from one phase to another. In the first phase is preparation for the program to adapt, in the second phase is the time to implement what needs to be done after reviewing the result of the first phase preparation, then in the final phase is the expansion of the program. After two phases, this third phase learned lessons from previous phases which faced few obstacles and need to be fixed before goes up to the expansion stage. Kiribati Adaptation Program will give an idea of how the strategy has been carried out by the Government of Kiribati and might become a lesson for other vulnerable countries in face the sea level rising.
A Soft Interval Based Decision Making Method and Its Computer Application
Authors: Yaylalı Gözde , Polat Nazan Çakmak , Tanay Bekir 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In today’s society, decision making is becoming more important and complicated with increasing and complex data. Decision making by using soft set theory, herein, we firstly report the comparison of soft intervals (SI) as the generalization of interval soft sets (ISS). The results showed that SIs are more effective and more general than the ISSs, for solving decision making problems due to allowing the ranking of parameters. Tabular form of SIs were used to construct a mathematical algorithm to make a decision for problems that involves uncertainties. Since these kinds of problems have huge data, constructing new and effective methods solving these problems and transforming them into the machine learning methods is very important. An important advance of our presented method is being a more general method than the Decision-Making methods based on special situations of soft set theory. The presented method in this study can be used for all of them, while the others can only work in special cases. The structures obtained from the results of soft intervals were subjected to test with examples. The designed algorithm was written in recently used functional programing language C# and applied to the problems that have been published in earlier studies. This is a pioneering study, where this type of mathematical algorithm was converted into a code and applied successfully.
Some Generalized Estimating Equations Models Based on Causality Tests for Investigation of The Economic Growth of The Country Groups
Authors: Yonar Harun , İyit Neslihan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, investigation of the economic growth of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries and the countries in different income groups in the World Data Bank is conducted by using causality analyses and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEEs) which is an extension of Generalized Linear Models (GLMs). Eight different macro-economic, energy and environmental variables such as the gross domestic product (GDP) (current US$), CO2emission (metric tons per capita), electric power consumption (kWh per capita), energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), imports of goods and services (% of GDP), exports of goods and services (% of GDP), foreign direct investment (FDI) and population growth rate (annual %) have been used. These countries have been categorized according to their OECD memberships and income groups. The causes of the economic growth of these countries belonging to their OECD memberships and income groups have been determined by using the Toda-Yamamoto causality test. Furthermore, various GEE models have been established for the economic growth of these countries belonging to their OECD membership and income groups in the aspect of the above variables. These various GEE models for the investigation of the economic growth of these countries have been compared to examine the contribution of the causality analyses to the statistical model establishment. As a result of this study, the highlight is found as the use of causally-related variables in the causality-based GEE models is much more appropriate than in the non-causality based GEE models for determining the economic growth profiles of these countries.
Does the instability of economic development affect the elasticity of the labour market?
Authors: Daňová Monika , Vozárová Ivana Kravčáková 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Despite extensive research, the estimates of changes in employment are heterogeneous in different conditions of economic development. In this study, we examined the impact of the instability of economic growth on the elasticity of the labour market in a set of EU27 member states in the period 2000Q1–2019Q4.The sensitivity of the labour market was quantified in parallel by two available methods which are used for this purpose – by calculating the values of the arc elasticity coefficient and by regression analysis. Logarithmic linear regression models were compiled according to the analysis criteria individually for each member state. By comparing the values of the obtained elasticity indicators, differences in the responses of the labour market were identified. Our results show that the heterogeneity of opinions is to some extent natural. The elasticity of the labour market determined by calculating the values of the elasticity coefficient is characterized by a high variability of values. Similarly, the values of the regression coefficient reflect the nature of the macroeconomic development of the period under review. According to our findings, the frequent short-term trends of negative economic development result in a reduced sensitivity of the labour market to the changes in economic performance, manifested by a lower employment elasticity compared to its values in economies with a stable development trend. Based on this, we formulate the connection between the elasticity of the labour market and the positive and negative economic development. We condition the sensitivity of the labour market to the changes in the trend of economic development with the occurrence of longer-lasting trends of negative economic development.
Fiction, Faction, Autobiography: Norman Levine at McGill University, 1946–1949
Authors: Michel Robert H. 
Published: September 2021

This article examines Norman Levine’s start as a writer while he studied at McGill University from 1946 to 1949 and traces how Levine used his McGill memories afterwards in his writing. We look at Levine’s early poetry and prose; his use of his wartime RCAF flying experience in Britain (foreshadowing his autobiographical fiction); his editorship of the literary magazine Forge and McGill Daily Literary Supplement; his mentor Professor Harold Files; and his M.A. thesis on Ezra Pound. We follow him as he drafts his first novel, The Angled Road and sketches another one; searches for his own literary voice; happily leaves Canada for England; and abandons academe after a frustrating year (1949-50) at the University of London. The article also explores how he used McGill friends and professors as starting points for characters in his stories and thinly disguised them in his nonfictional Canada Made Me. Nostalgic and critical, he said he had enjoyed McGill but could not take it seriously, and blamed the University for giving his writing a false start and seducing him into forgeting his Jewish, working-class roots.ResuméL’écriture de Norman Levine remonte aux années 1946 à 1949, l’époque à laquelle il étudiait à l’Université McGill. Cet article examine le début de sa carrière d’auteur et trace l’influence que ses souvenirs de McGill ont eu plus tard sur ses œuvres. Nous étudions ses premiers travaux en prose et en poésie; son utilisation de son expérience à titre d’aviateur dans le Corps d’aviation royal canadien (qui anticipe sa fiction autobiographique); ses activités d’éditeur des magazines littéraires Forge et McGill Daily Literary Supplement; son guide, le professeur Harold Files; et sa thèse de maîtrise sur Ezra Pound. Nous le suivons alors qu’il rédige une ébauche de son premier roman, The Angled Road, et trace l’esquisse d’un second; qu’il recherche sa propre voix littéraire; qu’il quitte le Canada avec plaisir pour l’Angleterre; et qu’il abandonne le monde universitaire après une année frustrante (1949-1950) à l’Université de Londres. L’article explore aussi la façon dont il a utilisé ses amis et professeurs à McGill comme point de départ pour les personnages dans ses histoires, et les a légèrement déguisé dans son œuvre non romanesque Canada Made Me. Nostalgique et critique, il a déclaré qu’il a aimé McGill mais qu’il ne pouvait pas la prendre au sérieux, et que c’est à cause de l’Université que son écriture s’est dirigée sur une fausse piste et qu’il a oublié ses racines juives de classe ouvrière.
STUDIES OF HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL MEMORY IN MODERN RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors: Белова Анна Валерьевна , Кокорина Галина Алексеевна 
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются основные точки зрения современных отечественных и зарубежных ученых, освещающие проблемы изучения исторической и социальной памяти. Анализируются существенные подходы к определению таких понятий как «историческая память», «социальная память», «место памяти», «коллективная память». Дается характеристика исследований, посвященных изучению мемуарного текста, через гендерные различия воспроизводства памяти об исторической родине. Рассматриваются основные точки зрения на гендерную специфику памяти об исторической родине. Описываются взгляды современных историографов, освещающие вопросы истории повседневности. Проводится анализ основной и ведущей совокупности исследований в области истории повседневности в связи с исследованиями памяти. Также в работе рассматриваются основные научные труды в рамках темы памяти иностранцев об исторической родине.
The article deals with the main points of view of modern domestic and foreign historiographers, highlighting the main processes and methods in the study of historical memory. The main approaches to the definition of such concepts as «historical memory», «social memory», «place of memory», «collective memory» are analyzed. The article describes the research devoted to the study of the memoir text, through gender differences in the reproduction of the memory of the historical homeland. The main points of view on the gender specificity of the memory of the historical homeland are considered. The article describes the main points of view of modern historiographers, covering the issues of the history of everyday life. The analysis of the main and leading set of studies in the field of the history of everyday life is carried out. The paper also examines the main scientific works within the framework of a given topic.
ПРОЦЕС РОЗШИРЕННЯ ЄС НА «СХІД» 2004 РОКУ В КОНТЕКСТІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ІНТЕРЕСІВ УЧАСНИКІВ
Authors: Mishchuk Viktor 
Published: September 2021

Трансформація держав Центральної Європи від постсоціалістичних країн із не визначеним майбутнім до чинних членів Європейського Союзу є одним із найвизначніших досягнень євроінтеграційного процесу. Проте і на сьогодні відкритим залишається питання про те чи ця геополітична дія («розширення на Схід») здійснила прагнення її учасників та якою була ціна амбітного політичного кроку в загальноєвропейську спільноту? Звісно, окрім явних учасників проєкту «розширення на Схід» таких, як держави «Вишеградської четвірки» та Європейського Союзу, в даному процесі брали участь і тогочасні держави-лідери Європейського Союзу, що переслідували власні національні інтереси від реалізації проєкту.
Отже, переговорний процес про інтеграцію держав Центральної Європи до Європейського Союзу, відбивався у тонкій взаємодії національних інтересів його суб’єктів, що зумовило прийняття компромісних політичних рішень, які заклали подальше майбутнє Європейського Союзу. Дослідження національних інтересів цього євроінтеграційного процесу розкриває перед нами генезис сучасних міжнародних відносин в ЄС, формування проблем та переваг сучасної євроінтеграції та причини поширення дезінтеграційних процесів в Євросоюзі. Окрім цього аналіз реалізації національних інтересів через інтеграцію держав Центральної Європи до ЄС надасть розуміння того в якій мірі ці інтереси виправдались, що своєю чергою підштовхне нас до відповіді про те які подальші перспективи розширення ЄС у східному напрямі та чи перевершують вигоди від членства в Євросоюзі із пов’язаними із цим ризиками для постсоціалістичних держав.
В даній статті аналізуються національні інтереси країн «Вишеградської четвірки» в контексті їхнього вступу до ЄС, бажані вигоди, що спричинили політичну зміну у бік ліберальної демократії. Очікування політичних еліт та населення країн ЦЄ від інтеграції до Європейського союзу, які стали основними мотивами для цього політичного кроку. З іншого боку досліджуються політичні та економічні вигоди для ЄС (загалом) та країн-лідерів Альянсу, що спричинили рішення про подальше розширення 2004 року
ПИТАННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ МЕНШИН У РОЗВИТКУ ТРАНСКОРДОННОЇ СПІВПРАЦІ КАРПАТСЬКОГО ЄВРОРЕГІОНУ
Authors: Sokolovskyi Oleksandr 
Published: September 2021

У статті досліджено роль національних меншин у розвитку транскордонної співпраці у Карпатському єврорегіоні. Єврорегіон "Карпати" є одним із найбільших єврорегіонів на теренах Східної та Центрально-Східної Європи до якого входять такі держави як: Україна, Польща, Словаччина, Угорщина та Румунія. Стратегія ефективного розвитку єврорегіону дає чудові можливості для розширеного політичного діалогу, а також поглибленої економічної, культурної та міжетнічної співпраці. Чимало проектів в рамках даного єврорегіону покликані перш за все розширити співпрацю з національними меншинами, а також ведені політики культурного різноманіття в регіоні та створення єдиної, добре розвиненої інфраструктури. Від початку свого заснування Карпатський єврорегіон перейшов від декларативного утворення до ефективного та практичного інструменту в багатосторонній дипломатії. Мета створення Карпатського єврорегіону полягала у забезпеченні належного розвитку для членів у координації транскордонного співробітництва, сприянні більш швидкому регіональному та економічному розвитку та - звісно - створенню добросусідських відносин відносини між зацікавленими сторонами. Попри це, Карпатський єврорегіон є чималим, і тому існує деякі нерівномірність у співпраці між державами-учасницями процесу. Аналіз показав, що співпраця між Польщею та Україною є значно потужнішою, ніж співпраця між Польщею та Словаччиною. Звичайно, першою причиною такої нерівномірності у співпраці є спільне історичне минуле, а також наявність національних меншин, які і задають основну тенденцію та є основним елементом практичної реалізації співпраці між сторонами. З іншої сторони, деякі держави-члени мають певні побоювання щодо активної участі окремих національних меншин, перш за все це стосується Угорщини та угорської національної меншини в Україні, Словаччині та Румунії. Центральна влада Угорщини є дуже різкою у висловлюваннях та постійно піддає критиці інші уряди та активно заохочує до розширення прав угорської національної меншини, що негативно сприймається її сусідами. Тому не дивно, що участь Угорщини в транскордонній співпраці є, але вона є непомітною, та не такою ефективною, як з іншими сторонами процесу, зокрема це стосується Польщі-України чи Румунії-України.