bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innocuous Lesions and Not so Innocuous Lesions of the Skin and Soft Tissue
Authors: Srikanth Nayantara , Diwagar K. Nithin , Padmapriya B. S. , Sekhar Ganthimathy 
Published: December 2021

Background: Cystic lesions of the skin and soft tissue are often neglected and thought to be innocuous or harmless. These lesions need to be excised to exclude malignancy. The lesions may present in unusual sites and may also be of infective origin. Thus, there is an urgent need to determine the prevalence and identify the histopathological features of the cystic lesions as the innocuous appearing lesions may actually not be so innocuous. In addition, it is the histopathological features that determine the treatment modality.
Aim: To determine the features and prevalence of the types of cysts in skin and soft tissue.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of the cystic lesions of the skin and soft tissue was conducted. The records from the Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College were retrieved and reviewed for patients with cystic lesions of the skin and soft tissue over a one year period extending between January 2019 and December 2019. The records were examined for the following data : age, sex, type of lesion, clinical and histopathological diagnosis.
Results: In all 109 cases with skin and soft tissue swellings were analyzed. Among these 53 were males and 56 were more females reported (51 %) of cystic swellings as compared to males (48%). Cystic lesions were most commonly encountered in the age group of 18 to 40 years, which suggests that there may be a role for trauma or occupation related occurrence. A variety of cysts were encountered such as epidermoid cysts (70%), Trichilemmal cyst (7%), and Ganglion (7%).Phaeohyphomycotic cyst, mucous retention cyst, hemangioma and pilomatrixoma. Epidermal cysts were more frequently encountered in males (54%) than females (46%).Most lesions occurred in the back.
Conclusion: Epidermal cysts may frequently be associated certain syndromes, hence it is important to evaluate these cysts. In addition phaeohyphomycotic cysts may be mistaken for Ganglion, so histopathological examination is necessary to initiate appropriate therapy.
Views and Perceptions on Telemedicine by Consumers in Delhi
Authors: Sharma Divas , Mittal Monika , Pareek Manoj 
Published: December 2021

Telemedicine, also known as telehealth, has been around for decades, but despite its many perceived benefits, its adoption has remained low. The objective our study was to know how consumers felt about telemedicine service during COVID -19 and to find out factors influencing consumers' perceptions of telemedicine services, a survey was done using a questionnaire. Social media and e-mail were used to inform people about the research due to onset of pandemic. An e online survey was done from the period of April 1st to June 30th, 2021 in India’s capital Delhi and adjoining areas, 122 service users were sampled for the survey. A 10-item scale was used to assess telemedicine satisfaction, revealing that all participants were satisfied with their telemedicine experience(s) in general. The elements of perception were studied using factor analysis. The results of the analysis revealed that an individual's intention to utilize a system or technology may be influenced not only by factors affecting the user's direct encounter with the system or technology but also by factors affecting the service provider. Patients place a high value on these qualities, thus service providers can design their interface, appointment procedure, and consultation process around them.
Attentive Evaluation of Trace Elements in Patients with Breast Cancer-A Cross Sectional Study of Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Lakhan Hazooran , Qureshi Ambreen , Memon Khalil Ahmed , Ahmed Masood , Khushk Maimoona , Shaikh Farheen , Ahmer Arslan 
Published: December 2021

Background: Breast cancer has recently become one of the most obsessing and life threatening issues in the world. Globally, females suffered mostly by breast cancer. Breast cancer is multifactorial etiological disorder. Trace elements are acts as cofactors and biological catalyst. They play a very essential role in the metabolic pathways.
Methods: A cross sectional study with two hundred (200) subjects and divided into two groups. 50 females were normal healthy as a control while 150 females were patient with breast cancer. Blood was collected from all participant after taking history, clinical data, mammographic and histopathological findings. Consent and predesign porforma were filled by all participants of study. The trace elements (Na, K, Zn, Fe, Ca) were determined through atomic absorption spectrophotometer (ASS) and other biochemical analysis such as Total Protein, serum albumin and Total cholesterol were analyzed on Micro Lab.300. Data was entered on SPSS 22.0 version, and applied student t-test for continuous variables. Results were analyzed as Mean and standard deviation.
Results: The results of serum Na+, K+, Ca++, Zn++, Cu++ and Fe in breast cancer patient were observed and found significantly fluctuated in breast cancer patients as compared to normal healthy subjects. Serum Total Protein significantly increased whereas serum Albumin decreased in patient with breast cancer.
Conclusions: in Present study we found significantly abnormal concentration of Na+, K+, Ca++, Zn++, Cu++ and Fe in breast cancer these elements may contribute in early diagnosis of breast cancer. Increased body weight and total cholesterol are also risk factors of Ca breast.
A 2 Years Child Bronchopneumonia with Down Syndrome
Authors: Yelne Seema , Wanjari Mayur , Rodge Hina , Alwadkar Sagar , Wankhede Pratibha , Mendhe Deeplata 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Pneumonia and respiratory infections impact infants and children with Down syndrome; pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality in adults with Down syndrome.
Case Presentation: A 2 years old child came to AVBRH hospital with a history of fever, cough and cold for 6 days. The patient was admitted to the pediatric ward for management. Suddenly patient started to breathlessness, increase in serum creatinine and acidotic breathing. The patient shifted to the pediatric intensive care unit.
Intervention: The treatment of patients was started immediately after admission. The patient's condition was dull after the examination and patient condition inspection doctors decide to intubate the patient for further management and recovery of the patient.
Conclusion: In this report, we mainly focus on expert medical management and excellent nursing care helped in managing the complicated case very nicely. The patient response was positive to conservative and nursing management. The patient was discharged without postoperative complications and satisfactory with recovery.
Anti-bacterial Efficacy of Probiotics used in Provisional Polymethyl Methacrylate Crowns against Porphyromonos gingivalis – an In vitro Study
Authors: Balaji Hemamalini 
Published: December 2021

Aim: To evaluate the effect of Probiotic used in PMMA Temporary restorations on gingival inflammatory response by its action on the marginal gingival epithelial cells.
Materials and Methods: This is an in vitro Interventional pilot study using discs of PMMA ( Group A ) and PMMA incorporated with Probiotics (Group B . The effect of probiotics incorporated PMMA on strains of Porphyromonos gingivalis grown on culture plates will be assessed using zone of inhibition test and minimum inhibitory concentration was assessed . Data was recorded, tabulated and statistically evaluated using SPSS software.
Results: The zone of Inhibition in the Group B was (Mean = 16.30mm) is comparatively higher than that of Group A with mean value 12.92mm. Results states that among the various concentration of Probiotic Lozenges (2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 µg/ml) used to determine the antibacterial activity , Highest mean zone of inhibition was observed with 20 µg/ml with 16 mm, followed by 15 µg/ml with 14mm , 10 µg/ml with 9mm, 5 µg/ml with 11 mm & with the lowest inhibition observed in 2.5 µg/ml with 8mm. There is significant correlation between concentration of probiotics and its antibacterial efficacy. The increase in concentration of probiotics in the PMMA discs is directly proportional to its antibacterial efficacy against P. gingivalis.
Conclusion: Thus the study proved a significant correlation between Probiotic used in PMMA Temporary crowns and reduction in gingival Inflammation at the margins of the restoration which will be beneficial when used in crowns used in patients undergoing Orthodontic treatment or Immediate Implant Loading with acrylic crowns.
A Clinical Case Report: Schizophrenia
Authors: Ekhar Deepti , Gawai Jaya , Kasturkar Pooja 
Published: December 2021

Background: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a serious mental disorder in which people take reality as abnormally. SCZ may cause in combination of hallucination, delusions, and extremely disorder thinking and behaviour that impairs daily functioning and cannot be disabling. There are different reasons of SCZ this may be as of Genes, Environment or Change in Brain Structures.In India around 3/1000 people were affected due to SCZ
Aim: The purpose of this case report is to determine the first line approach for a person with SCZ who has been referred to a public mental health facility for treatment.
Objective: To identifying symptoms of SCZ early, providing treatment and preventing possible complications.
Methods: Knowledge used to write this case description was gathered from PubMed outlets, search hand, searching college and personal libraries looking for research techniques and case report texts, engaging in or writing many case reports with experience.
Results: The patient was taken psychopharmacological treatment antipsychotic drugs olanzapine, Risperidone along with antidepressant Sertraline and psycho social therapy, coping strategies, family therapy, yoga, cognitive behavioural therapy, medication. After those symptoms was minimized.
Conclusion: Patients achieve positive outcomes not only through the support of their treatment management, but also through adaptation and familysupport. subsequently, with appropriate psychophysiological treatment, the patient gave a positive response and gradually all the planned goalswere achieved. Finally, the patient was discharged and she is currently beingmonitored.
Feto-placental Changes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Authors: Sulochana Sonti , Priya Krishna , Sindhuja . 
Published: December 2021

Aims: To study if there is any difference in the foetus and placenta of pregnant women who are normotensive and those of of hypertensive patients of different severity.
Study Design: Prospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of pathology, Saveetha institute of medical and technical sciences, between June 2017- June 2018.
Methodology: Pregnant women with hypertension attending obstetrics and gynecology department, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai was studied during the study period.
The study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines approved by the institutional review board of our Institution. The study population was divided into two groups namely normotensive and hypertensive patients. The hypertensive groups patients were further divided into two groups of mild (BP ≥140/90 mm Hg with proteinuria) and severe (BP ≥ 160/100 mm Hg with proteinuria). The placental specimens after expulsion were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution. Informed consent was obtained in all patients and clinical data were obtained from the case notes. In the histopathology laboratory biopsy was taken from the insertion point of umbilical cord for light microscopy.
P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Data was entered in MS excel sheet and analysed using SPSS software version.
Results: The placental weight, birth weight of baby and APGAR score was decreased in PIH patients than normal pregnant women.
Conclusion: The diagnosis and treatment of PIH is very important to prevent complications in mother and baby.
Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Commercially Available Chemical and Herbal Mouthwash against Oral Microorganisms
Authors: Reshawn M. Infant , Muralidharan N. P. 
Published: December 2021

Aim: The present study was done to determine the activity of Naturally prepared licorice mouthwash in comparison to chlorhexidine mouthwash.
Introduction: Maintenance of oral hygiene is very important in preventing the growth of a sticky film of bacteria and food particles that accumulates on teeth and hence Mouthwashes are prescribed in dentistry for treatment of several oral conditions and for prevention against various microorganisms. Licorice is derived from "liquiritiae” which is shrub or herb and the yellow colour of it is due to the flavonoids content of the plant, which includes liquiritin, isoliquiritin and other compounds. Herbal Mouthwashes (mouth rinses) are solutions or liquids intended to reduce the microbial load in the oral cavity.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Saveetha Dental Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. The liquorice was extracted and formulated as mouth wash. Fig. 1 denotes the salivary samples were obtained from 20 volunteers (10 test group, 10 control group) and then, the participants were asked to rinse their mouth with freshly prepared licorice mouthwash(test group), chlorhexidine mouthwash (control group) and then paired saliva samples were obtained immediately after and before the mouthwash and finally the Colony forming units were recorded for pre and post usage of both the herbal and commercially available mouthwash.
Results: Study showed that there was a mean reduction in the colony-forming units with herbal mouthwash and Chlorhexidine mouth washes. Herbal mouthwash showed reduction in colony forming growth after usage of herbal mouthwash.
Caspase‐8 Variant G Regulates Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast‐Like Synoviocyte Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Ansalone Cecilia , Ainsworth Richard I. , Nygaard Gyrid , Ai Rizi , Prideaux Edward B. , Hammaker Deepa , Perumal Narayanan B. , Weichert Ken , Tung Frances , Kodandapani Lalitha , Sauder J. Michael , Mertsching Elisabeth C. , Benschop Robert J. , Boyle David L. , Wang Wei , Firestein Gary S. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveFibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) play a pivotal role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by contributing to synovial inflammation and progressive joint damage. An imprinted epigenetic state is associated with the FLS aggressive phenotype. We identified CASP8 (encoding for caspase‐8) as a differentially marked gene and evaluated its pathogenic role in RA FLSs.MethodsRA FLS lines were obtained from synovial tissues at arthroplasty and used at passage 5‐8. Caspase‐8 was silenced using small interfering RNA, and its effect was determined in cell adhesion, migration and invasion assays. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blot were used to assess gene and protein expression, respectively. A caspase‐8 selective inhibitor was used determine the role of enzymatic activity on FLS migration and invasion. Caspase‐8 isoform transcripts and epigenetic marks in FLSs were analyzed in FLS public databases. Crystal structures of caspase‐8B and G were determined.ResultsCaspase‐8 deficiency in RA FLSs reduced cell adhesion, migration, and invasion independent of its catalytic activity. Epigenetic and transcriptomic analyses of RA FLSs revealed that a specific caspase‐8 isoform, variant G, is the dominant isoform expressed (~80% of total caspase‐8) and induced by PDGF. The crystal structures of caspase‐8 variant G and B were identical except for a unique unstructured 59 amino acid N‐terminal domain in variant G. Selective knockdown of caspase‐8G was solely responsible for the effects of caspase‐8 on calpain activity and cell invasion in FLS.ConclusionBlocking caspase‐8 variant G could decrease cell invasion in diseases like RA without the potential deleterious effects of nonspecific caspase‐8 inhibition.
Sewer orientated framework for ensemble‐based chance‐constrained model predictive control
Authors: Lorenz Svensen Jan , Henrik Niemann Hans , Falk Anne Katrine V. , Poulsen Niels K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this work, we present a framework for ensemble‐based (E) chance‐constrained (CC) model predictive control (MPC) in sewer systems. The framework considers the availability of ensemble forecasts and the difficulties with propagation of distributions; through distribution estimation. Utilizing a case study of the sewer network of the city of Aarhus in Denmark, the performance of the ECC‐MPC framework is evaluated through simulations. The evaluations were based on linear models of the case study and compare the ECC‐MPC performance with the performance of CC‐MPC. Based on the simulations, it was found that the ECC‐MPC performed comparable to the performance of the CC‐MPC, not only in the context of overflow and outflow but also with respect to behavior in response to changes in different aspects of forecast uncertainties. Regarding the aspects, it was found that expectation offset biases in the forecast were affecting the performance of the CC‐ and ECC‐MPC the most. While other aspects only had a reduced effect on the performances, within the ranges tested. With the comparable performances, it was found that ECC‐MPC would work as an alternative approach to CC‐MPC.
Zn Dopants Synergistic Oxygen Vacancy Boosts Ultrathin CoO Layer for CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Chen Kui , Jiang Tongtong , Liu Tianhu , Yu Jing , Zhou Sheng , Ali Asad , Wang Shuhui , Liu Yu , Zhu Lixin , Xu Xiaoliang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPhotoreduction of CO2 without photosensitizers and scavengers runs into the development bottleneck for lack of excellent photocatalysts and ambiguous reduction mechanism. Herein, an ultrathin CoO layer containing Zn‐dopants and O‐vacancies (Vo‐Zn‐CoO) is designed as an archetype to explore the influence mechanism of Zn on O‐vacancies in ultrathin nanolayer for CO2 photoreduction. DFT calculations illustrate that Zn‐dopants not only reduce formation barriers of *COOH and *CO intermediates, but also form π‐back‐bonding with *CO stimulating CH4 evolution. Finally, Vo‐Zn‐CoO layer significantly enhances CO2 photoreduction efficiency and CH4 selectivity with 26.8 µmol g−1 h−1 (63.8%) compared to 7.2 µmol g−1 h−1 (23.6%) for CoO layer with O‐vacancies. Moreover, the synergistic effect of Zn and O‐vacancies benefits the stability of O‐vacancies in photocatalysts, achieving durable photocatalytic performance of Vo‐Zn‐CoO layer. This work manifests that the strategy of metal atoms synergistic O‐vacancies is effective to optimize CO2 photocatalytic efficiency, selectivity, and stability of photocatalyst with O‐vacancies.
Enhanced Condensation on Soft Materials through Bulk Lubricant Infusion
Authors: Sharma Chander Shekhar , Milionis Athanasios , Naga Abhinav , Lam Cheuk Wing Edmond , Rodriguez Gabriel , Del Ponte Marco Francesco , Negri Valentina , Raoul Hopf , D'Acunzi Maria , Butt Hans‐Jürgen , Vollmer Doris , Poulikakos Dimos 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSoft substrates enhance droplet nucleation during water vapor condensation because their deformability inherently reduces the energetic threshold for heterogeneous nucleation relative to rigid substrates. However, this enhancement is counteracted later in the condensation cycle, when substrate viscoelastic dissipation inhibits condensate droplet shedding. Here a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based organogel is designed to overcome this limitation. It is shown that merely 5% bulk lubricant infusion in PDMS reduces viscoelastic dissipation in the substrate by nearly 28 times while doubling the droplet nucleation density. Parameters for water condensation on this organogel are correlated with material properties controlled by design, i.e., fraction and composition of uncrosslinked chains and shear modulus. It is demonstrated that the increase in nucleation density and reduction in precoalescence droplet growth rate is rather insensitive to the lubricant percentage in PDMS within the broad range investigated. These results indicate the presence of a lubricant layer on the substrate surface that cloaks the growing condensate droplets. This cloaking effect is visualized, and it is shown that cloaking occurs significantly faster on PDMS if it is infused with bulk lubricant. Overall, bulk lubricant infusion in PDMS enhances condensation and leads to a more than 40% higher dewing on the substrate.
Improved Energy Storage Properties Achieved in (K, Na)NbO3‑Based Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics via a Combinatorial Optimization Strategy
Authors: Li Da , Zhou Di , Wang Dong , Zhao Weichen , Guo Yan , Shi Zhongqi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlthough ceramic dielectric materials have been extensively explored owing to their numerous advantages, there are still obstacles in the collaborative enhancement of recoverable energy density (Wrec) and efficiency (η). In this work, a combinatorial optimization strategy is proposed to optimize energy storage properties of (K, Na)NbO3‐based ceramics, that is, drive a specific temperature region between the temperature of maximum dielectric constant and the Burns temperature to room temperature under the guidance of phase field simulation to induce the polar nanoregions, then further improve the breakdown strength by repeated rolling process. As a result, an ultrahigh Wrec of 6.7 J cm−3 and a high η of 92% at 600 kV cm−1 are achieved simultaneously in the 0.85K0.5Na0.5NbO3‐0.15Bi(Zn2/3Ta1/3)O3 ceramic prepared by repeated rolling process, together with excellent temperature stability under 400 kV cm−1 over a temperature range of 25 to 150 °C, outperforming all reported (K, Na)NbO3‐based energy storage ceramics. This approach should also be generalizable for designing high‐performance dielectrics for electrical energy storage applications.
A Lesion Microenvironment‐Responsive Fungicide Nanoplatform for Crop Disease Prevention and Control
Authors: Wang Chao‐Yi , Jia Chengguo , Zhang Ming‐Zhe , Yang Song , Qin Jian‐Chun , Yang Ying‐Wei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractControlled fungicide delivery in response to the specific microenvironment produced by fungal pathogens is an advisable strategy to improve the efficacy of fungicides. Herein, the authors construct a smart fungicide nanoplatform, using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as nanocarriers loaded with eugenol (EU) and Ag+ coordinated polydopamine (Ag+‐PDA) as a coating to form Ag+‐PDA@MSNs‐EU NPs for Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) control. As a botanical fungicide, EU offers an eco‐friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides and can upregulate several defense‐related genes in the tomato plant. The Ag+‐PDA coating can lock the EU inside the nanocarriers and respond to the oxalic acid produced by B. cinerea to corelease the loaded EU and Ag+. The results demonstrate that Ag+‐PDA@MSNs‐EU NPs can effectively inhibit the mycelial growth of B. cinerea on detached and potted tomato leaves. The construction of such a smart fungicide nanoplatform provides new guidance to design controlled fungicides release systems, which can respond to the microenvironment associated with plant pathogen to realize fungus control.