bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Chronic Plantar Fasciitis: A Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhang Dong , Zhang Fengqi , Jin Lin , Shi Donglin , Hou Zhiyong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPlantar fasciitis is a self-limiting disease that is a common cause of adult heel pain. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare the curative effect following platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections with extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), in the patients with chronic plantar fasciitis.Method:100 patients with plantar fasciitis were randomly divided into 2 groups (group A and group B), 50 patients in each group. Patients were treated with autologous PRP injection in group A and with dolorclast radial ESWT in group B. Outcomes were assessed prior to the therapy and at 3, 6,12, and 24 months following the therapy, which included American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, subjective satisfaction score and MRI studies were obtained in all cases to confirm the diagnosis of plantar fasciitis.ResultNo severe complications were recorded in the A and B groups. And in the treatment of plantar fasciitis have achieved good results. There was no significant difference in AOFAS scores between the two groups at 3 months after treatment. The AOFAS scores at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment in group A were 91, 85, 84, and 80. The AOFAS scores in group B were 89, 85, 83, and 79, respectively. Both groups of patients had significant improvement compared with before treatment(P<0.01).ConclusionThe observations in this study indicate that PRP and ESWT are safe and feasible options for the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis. But the long-term effect is not particularly satisfying.
Performance Evaluation of AOMDV and AODV in City Scenario With Changeable Traffic Density in VANETS BLSTM With Attention Mechanism
Authors: Devi S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The survey indicates that VANETs use two vital routing protocols namely AODV and AOMDV. AODV is implemented by providing a single dedicated path between source and receiver and it doesn’t search for the alternate path in the case of an emergency situation. On the other hand, AOMDV is implemented by providing an intermediate participant node to reach the receiver i.e., it provides multipath and unlike AODV, it searches for the alternate path in the case of an emergency situation. Due to this capability, AOMDV finds its application in broad areas of research. In this paper, both the protocols are established and their performances are analyzed in terms of PDR, PLR, E2E, and Throughput. The simulation results are obtained using NS2.34. Using these results, the appropriate protocols can be implemented in real-time for various city environments with changeable traffic density and topography in the established network.
Unified energy law for fluctuating density wave orders in cuprate pseudogap phase
Authors: Li Rong , She Zhen-Su 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The origin of the pseudogap and its relationship to symmetry-broken orders in cuprates have been extensively debated. Here, we report a unified energy law underlying the pseudogap, which determines the scattering rate, pseudogap energy, and its onset temperature, with a quadratic scaling of the wavevector of density wave order (DWO). The law is validated by data from over one hundred samples, and a further prediction that the master order of pseudogap transforms from fluctuating spin to charge DWO is also confirmed by independent measurements. Furthermore, the energy law enables our derivation of the well-known linear scalings for the resistivity of the strange metal phase and the transition temperature of the superconducting phase, shedding light on the universal origin of various phases. Finally, it is concluded that fluctuating orders provide a critical bridge linking microscopic spectra to macroscopic transport in cuprates, showing promise for the quantification of other strongly correlated materials.
Myeloid leukemia vulnerabilities at CTCF-enriched long noncoding RNA loci
Authors: Ng Michelle , Verboon Lonneke , Issa Hasan , Bhayadia Raj , Alejo-Valle Oriol , Borchert Dorit , Schuschel Konstantin , Regenyi Eniko , Reinhardt Dirk , Yaspo Marie-Laure , Heckl Dirk , Klusmann Jan-Henning 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The noncoding genome presents a largely untapped source of biological insights, including thousands of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) loci. While some produce bona fide lncRNAs, others exert transcript-independent cis-regulatory effects, and the lack of predictive features renders mechanistic dissection challenging. Here, we describe CTCF-enriched lncRNA loci (C-LNC) as a subclass of functional genetic elements exemplified by MYNRL15, a pan-myeloid leukemia dependency identified by an lncRNA-based CRISPRi screen. MYNRL15 perturbation selectively impairs acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells over hematopoietic stem / progenitor cells in vitro, and depletes AML xenografts in vivo. Mechanistically, we show that crucial DNA elements in the locus mediate its phenotype, triggering chromatin reorganization and downregulation of cancer dependency genes upon perturbation. Elevated CTCF density distinguishes MYNRL15 and 531 other lncRNA loci in K562 cells, of which 43-54% associate with clinical aspects of AML and 18.4% are functionally required for leukemia maintenance. Curated C-LNC catalogs in other cell types will help refine the search for noncoding oncogenic vulnerabilities in AML and other malignancies.
Viral Transport Media (VTM) Pooling To Scale-Up COVID-19 Diagnostics: Resource Optimization at Population Level Screening
Authors: Gautam Pramod , Ahmad Faraz , Sharma Jyoti , Samal Jasmine , Singh Sugandha , Alam Anwar , Rade Kiran Kumar , Gupta Nivedita , Ehtesham Nasreen Z , Agrawal Usha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:

The threat of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still looming large on humankind. Pooled-testing can serve as a method of choice for current and future mass surveillance. The aim is to economically benefit in the face of resource-paucity in overburdened public health systems.
Methods:

This study assesses the viability of pooled-testing with viral transport media (VTM) for COVID-19 diagnosis. For this, we designed high-dilution pools using samples with wide-ranging viral loads. The testing employs common TaqMan-based RT-PCR assay considering biological as well as technical replicates.
Results:

We successfully detected a single positive sample in a pool (up to 1/32 dilutions) without loss of sensitivity. The results from biological and technical replicates were found to be satisfactory and reproducible for the objective. We have also discussed multiple variables that can influence the final outcome of pooled testing strategy.
Conclusions:

We show that pooling approach can be efficiently applied for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. We report improved pooling success compared to published studies, even with very low input volume of media, in very high pool-sizes using low-viral load samples. We consider these features to be unique to this study. The study outcomes are encouraging and can be implemented in public health settings to conserve precious resources.
Subtrochanteric Fractures: One Case Reports of Terrible Treatment
Authors: Duan Xu-zhou , Tong Da-ke , Zhang Hao , Ji Fang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Deforming muscle forces make treatment of subtrochanteric fractures challenging. Choice of fixation method, meticulous preoperative planning, master the surgical techniques, respect the principles of biological osteosynthesis for subtrochanteric fractures are critical to reduce nonunion and reoperation rates.Case presentation: We present a clinical case who underwent sever years of treatment with five operations. It was a tragedy for the man and his family, as well as for surgeons. We hope this case has the potential to improve the cognition of subtrochanteric fractures for orthopedics surgeons, especially beginners and juniors.Conclusion: Choice of fixation method, meticulous preoperative planning, master the surgical techniques, respect the principles of biological osteosynthesis and concept of minimally invasive surgery for subtrochanteric fractures ars critical to reduce nonunion and reoperation rates.
Restoration of Some Anatomical Dimensions By Spiron Short Stem Hip Replacement Applied To Vietnamese People
Authors: Duc Thuan Mai , Quoc Dung Nguyen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The process of using proximal bone in hip arthroplasty will allow the remaining bone to be preserved in future surgeries. To take advantage of these advantages, many types of short stem prosthetics have been developed in recent years. The obtained survey parameters combined with the obtained anatomical parameters shown that the Spiron joint is suitable when applied to adult Vietnamese.Research subjects and methods: The anatomical dimensions of the hip joint related to Spiron joint replacement were analyzed by the authors.Results: The anatomical results with Spiron showed that the acetabular average diameter and tilt angle were 49.77 mm and 41.55°. The femoral neck-to-body angle, the femoral upper-neck diameter, the distance from the crest to the hard shell along the femoral neck axis was on average 131.52°, 34, 32mm, and 51.39mm, respectively. The offset distance from the center of the crest to the axis of the femur is 38.33mm. These parameters show the working ability as well as stability when replaced by the Spiron joint.Conclusion: When applied to adult Vietnamese, the femoral neck diameter is consistent with the Spiron diameter. Preoperative planning is needed to check the femoral neck angle and femoral neck length prior to surgery to see if the Spiron joint replacement is eligible. The findings of this study support the assumption that it is feasible to use Spiron prostheses in joint replacement in Vietnamese adults.
Prediction of Protein-Protein Interactions Based On Weighted Extreme Learning Machine And Speed Up Robot Features
Authors: Zhai JinXuan , An Ji-Yong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background：Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are involved in a number of cellular processes and play a key role inside cells. The prediction of PPIs is an important task towards the understanding of many bioinformatics functions and applications, such as predicting protein functions, gene-disease associations and disease-drug associations. Given that high-throughput methods are expensive and time-consuming, it is a challenging task to develop efficient and accurate computational methods for predicting PPIs .Results：In the study, a novel computational approach named WELM-SURF was developed to predict PPIs. The proposed method used Position Specific Scoring Matrix (PSSM) to capture protein evolutionary information and employed Speed Up Robot Features (SURF) to extract key features from PSSM of protein sequence. Weighted Extreme Learning Machine (WELM) is featured with short training time and great ability to execute classification efficiently by optimizing the loss function of weight matrix. Therefore, WELM classifier was used to carry out classification. The cross-validation results show that WELM-SURF obtains 97.36% and 95.12% of average accuracy on yeast and human dataset, respectively. The prediction ability of WELM-SURF was also compared with those of ELM-SRUF, SVM-SURF and other existing approaches. The comparison results further verify that WELM-SURF is obviously better than other methods.Conclusion：The experimental results proved that the WELM-SURF method is very useful for predicting PPIs and can also be applied to other bioinformatics studies of protein.
Construction of Adenovirus Vector Expressing Duck Sclerostin and its Induction Effect on Myogenic Proliferation and Differentiation In Vitro
Authors: Liu Hehe , Li Yanying , Xu Qian , Wang Jianmei , Han Chunchun , Bai Lili , Li Liang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: bones and muscles originated together from the mesoderm during embryogenesis, and they can influence each other through mechanical stimulations and chemical signals. The sclerostin (SOST) is secreted from mature osteocytes. Here, we used a bird model to illustrate the potential roles of SOST on duck myoblasts to verify the hypothesis that SOST might play functions in coordinating the development of bones and muscles. Methods and Results: Firstly, a recombinant adenovirus vector carrying duck SOST was constructed. Then, the adenovirus-mediated duck SOST was transfected into duck myoblasts. The results revealed by CCK-8 showed that the cell proliferation of myoblasts was inhibited after 12 h, 36 h, and 48 h treatment by transfection of SOST. The labeling rates of EdU positive cells in the Ad-duSOST group were significantly lower than the Ad-NC group (P<0.05). However, the flow cytometry showed that the G0/G1 phase number of cells was not significantly different. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence results showed that the formation of myotubes was inhibited. Subsequent transcriptome revealed that, under the ectopic expression of SOST, the genes related to Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, muscle development (regulation of action cytoskeleton, Wnt signaling pathway), and intercellular regulation were changed. Six of the top 20 DEGs were related to morphogenesis. Conclusions: Our studies demonstrated that the SOST played critical roles in myoblasts differentiation by mediating the crosstalk among several pathways and transcription factors related to cell differentiation. Our data provided cellular evidence supporting the combined functions of SOST in coordinating bone and muscle co-development.
The Prognostic Implications of Immune Classification Using IDO1 Expression in Extrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma
Authors: Noh Byeong-Joo , Choi Gun Moo , Jang Hyuk Jai , Ma Chung Hyeun , Oh Ho-Suk , Kim Moonho , Eom Dae-Woon 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an immunomodulatory enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of tryptophan to kynurenine (Kyn) and induces immune tolerance in tumour cells. The effects of IDO1 on extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma (EHBDC) are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the expression and prognostic significance of IDO1 in EHBDC. Methods: An immunohistochemical microarray analysis of IDO1 expression was performed for 77 surgically resected cases of EHBDC, and the results were compared with various clinicopathologic variables including survival data. CD8+ tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were also investigated to elucidate their relationship with IDO1 expression and prognosis through a combination analysis with IDO1 expression. Results: IDO1 was highly expressed in 25 of 76 (32.9%) cases. High expression of IDO1 was associated with decreased numbers of CD8+ TILs (P=0.008), a higher pN category (P=0.007), an advanced overall stage (P=0.001), and frequent recurrence (P=0.018). When IDO1 expression was further stratified with CD8+ TIL state, the IDO1high /CD8low subgroup showed the worst prognosis in terms of overall survival (P = 0.025, Cox risk ratio = 2.168) and disease-free survival (P = 0.015, Cox risk ratio = 2.460) in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our study confirmed that high IDO1 expression was correlated with a decreased number of CD8+ TILs and associated with a poor prognosis. As IDO1 may be a new target of immunotherapy applications, IDO1/CD8+ TIL subgrouping can be a useful prognostic prediction tool in the patients with EHBDC.
Divalent Metal Cations Stimulate Skeleton Interoception to Promote Bone Formation
Authors: Cao Xu , Qiao Wei , Pan Dayu , Zheng Yufeng , Wu Shuilin , Liu Xuanyong , Chen Zhuofan , Wan Mei , Feng Shiqing , Cheung Kenneth , Yeung Kelvin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Bone formation induced by divalent metal cations has been widely reported; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we report that these cations stimulate skeleton interoception by promoting prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion from macrophages. This imune response is accompanied by the sprouting and arborization of calcitonin gene-related polypeptide-α+ nerve fibers, which sense the inflammatory cue with PGE2 receptor 4 (EP4) and convey the interoceptive signals to the central nervous system. Activating skeleton interoception downregulates sympathetic tone for new bone formation. Moreover, either macrophage depletion or knockout of cyclooxygenase-2 in the macrophage abolishes divalent cation–induced skeleton interoception. Furthermore, sensory denervation or knockout of EP4 in the sensory nerves eliminates the osteogenic effects of divalent cations. Thus, our study reveals that divalent cations promote bone formation through the skeleton interoception circuit, a finding which could prompt the development of novel biomaterials to elicit the therapeutic power of these divalent cations.
The Combination of Intraoperative CT Navigation and C-arm Fluoroscopy for INFIX and Percutaneous TITS Screw Placement in the Treatment of Pelvic Ring Injury: Technical Note
Authors: Hiyama Akihiko , Ukai Taku , Nomura Satoshi , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The subcutaneous screw rod system, commonly known as the internal pelvic fixator (INFIX), is useful in managing unstable pelvic ring fractures. Conventional INFIX and transiliac–transsacral (TITS) screw techniques are performed using C-arm fluoroscopy. There have been problems with medical exposure and screw insertion accuracy with these techniques. This work describes new INFIX and TITS techniques using intraoperative computed tomography (CT) navigation and C-arm fluoroscopy for pelvic ring fracture.METHODS: Here is a typical case. An 86-year-old woman suffered an unstable pelvic ring fracture due to a fall from a height. INFIX and TITS screw fixation with intraoperative CT navigation was selected to optimize surgical invasiveness and proper implant placement.RESULTS: The patient was placed in a supine position on a Jackson table. An intraoperative CT navigation was imaged, and screws were inserted under the navigation. Postoperative X-rays and CT confirmed that the screw was inserted correctly. This technique was less invasive to the patient and had little radiation exposure to the surgeon.　Rehabilitation of walking practice was started early after the surgery, and she was able to walk with the assistance of a walker by the time of transfer. CONCLUSIONS: The technique employed in our case study has the cumulative advantages of safety, accuracy, and reduced radiation exposure, together with the inherent advantages of functional outcomes of previously reported INFIX and TITS screw techniques. Further experience with this approach will refine this technique to overcome its limitations and facilitate its wider use.
Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus in Broiler Flocks with Respiratory symptoms in some Provinces of Iran
Authors: Makki Foroogh , Boroomand Zahra , Mayahi Mansour , Shapouri Masoud Reza Seyfi Abad 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Newcastle disease, is one of the most important diseases of the poultry industry, has many economic losses. The aim of this study was to isolate and determine the molecular identity of Newcastle disease virus in 40 broiler flocks with respiratory symptoms in four provinces of Iran.Methods and Results: Samples of farms with respiratory symptoms were collected from different regions of Isfahan, East Azerbaijan, Golestan, and Khuzestan provinces and inoculated into 9-day-old embryonated chicken eggs. The Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the Newcastle disease virus on allantoic fluid. Of the 40 flocks, the virus was isolated and identified in 16 flocks. The PCR products of 16 isolates were sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was drawn. Accordingly, six isolates were in genotype II and ten isolates were in subgenotype VIId of class II. Conclusion: Both genotypes were present in all four provinces. The isolates of Khuzestan province showed the greatest diversity compared to the other three provinces. The similarity of isolates belonging to genotype II in this study was observed with Pakistan, China, and Nigeria and other isolates were similar to previous isolates in Iran. Also, the highest amino acid sequence in the F-protein cleavage site was 112RRQKR/F117 for VIId genotype isolates and 112GRQGR/L117 for II genotype isolates.
Minimally Invasive Pedicle Screw Fixation, Including the Fractured Vertebra, Combined with Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Treatment of Acute Thoracolumbar Osteoporotic Compression Fracture in Middle-Age and Elderly Individuals
Authors: liu hong , Xu jinwei , Sun guanrong , Shi weifeng , Xiang liming , Chen shan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of minimally invasive pedicle screw (MIPS) fixation, including the fractured vertebra, combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for the treatment of acute thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture in middle-age and elderly individuals.Methods: Between January 2016 and August 2019, a total of 30 patients, with a mean age of 69.4 years (range, 58–75 years), who experienced thoracic or lumbar fracture without neurological deficits, underwent the MIPS procedure combined with PVP. Preoperative and postoperative pain were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Cobb angles and anterior column height were measured on lateral radiographs before surgery and at 3 days, 1, 3, and 6 months, and 1 and 2 years at final follow-up after surgery.Results: All patients underwent surgery successfully, with a mean follow-up of 18.2 ± 5.7 months (range, 12–45 months). Mean preoperative VAS score decreased from 7.3±2.2 to 1.4±0.3 at the final follow-up (p<0.05). Mean preoperative ODI decreased from 84.2±10.3 to 18.8±7.5 (p<0.05) at the final follow-up. The Kyphosis angle of operative segment was improved from preoperative (21.38±1.68)° to(4.01 ± 1.38)°3 days postoperatively and(5.02±1.09)°at final follow up (p<0.05).The anterior vertebral height was improved from preoperative(49.86±6.50)% to(94.01±1.79)% 3 days postoperatively and (91.80±1.88)% at final follow up (p<0.05). No significant changes in vertebral body height restoration were observed during 2 years of follow-up after surgery. In addition, there were no instrumentation failures or complications in any of the patients.Conclusions: MIPS, including the fractured vertebra, combined with PVP, was a reliable and safe procedure, with satisfactory clinical and radiological results for the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture in patients without neurological deficits.