bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ischemia-Modified Albumin As a Marker for Acute Aortic Dissection: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: zhou Yang , Chai Xiangping , He Huaping , Peng Wen , Yang Guifang , Ding Ning , Zhang Hongliang , Peng zhenyu , Wu Sijie , Tao Cheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Delayed or misdiagnosed aortic dissection can lead to death and morbidity. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) measures the cobalt binding capability and has been associated with mortality in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). However, it is unknown whether IMA levels can differentiate AAD in patients with chest pains.Methods: A total of 100 suspected AAD patients were enrolled in this study. A cobalt-binding assay was used to determine the plasma IMA levels. In addition, the IMA levels of patients in different groups were compared based on the final diagnosis. Results: IMA levels were significantly higher in the AAD group than in the AMI, PE, and other groups (63.98 ± 14.38, 52.57 ± 9.54, 49.26 ± 10.99, 37.99 ± 6.59, respectively) within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. The area under the curve (AUC) based on the IMA level was 0.810 (95% CI, 0.708–0.897), and the best threshold of IMA was 59.35 u/ml (specificity, 85.7% and sensitivity, 66%). The decision and clinical impact curves indicated that the IMA had an excellent standardized net benefit and could be suitable for patient diagnosis.Conclusion: IMA is elevated in AAD patients. The IMA levels have better performance for AAD than D-dimer and could be a potential biomarker with rapid and cost-effective diagnostic tests for early diagnosis of AAD. However, large-sample studies are needed to verify the findings.
In Vivo Antioxidant And Kidney Protective Potential Of Atorvastatin In Rat Cadmium-Induced Toxicity
Authors: Karami Esmaeil , Goodarzi Zahra , Ghanbari Ali , Bandegi Ahmad Reza , Yosefi Sedighe , Dehdashti Alireza 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Environmental and occupational exposure to cadmium chloride is known to cause nephrotoxicity linked with oxidative stress in humans and animals. This study used Atorvastatin to examine its effect on cadmium chloride-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model using biochemical and histological methodologies.Methods: Experiments were performed on 56 adult male Wistar rats (200 ±20 g), randomly assigned to eight groups. Atorvastatin was administered by oral for 15 days at 20 mg/kg/day, started 7 days before cadmium chloride intraperitoneal administration (1, 2, and 3 mg/kg) for eight days. On day 16, blood samples were collected, and kidneys were excised to evaluate the biochemical and histopathological changes.Cadmium chloride significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA), serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels. Results: Administration of Atorvastatin (20 mg/kg) significantly improved lipid peroxidation, glutathione and activities of antioxidant enzymes and significantly decreased BUN and Creatinine. Atorvastatin clearly improved the histological changes, demonstrating its protective role against Cadmium chloride-induced kidney injury.Conclusion: Treatment with Atorvastatin significantly improves all biochemical parameters and suggests a protecting role against cadmium chloride-induced oxidative stress and histological changes in rat kidney.
Identification of Immune-Related lncRNA Biomarkers Associated With Prognosis In LUAD
Authors: Guo Zihu , Shao Lijuan , Han Liang , Ma Yaohua , He Fei , Liang Shengnan , Wu Liujing , Li Linzhi , Jiang Li , Li Yueping , Wang Haiqing , Li Furong , Wang Yonghua , Wang Jingbo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in regulation of immune response and could serve as biomarkers for tumors. Methods: WGCNA were used to construct an immune-related gene interaction network and elucidated possible functions of the lncRNAs by gene enrichment analyses. 6 lncRNAs were selected and used to construct an immune-related lncRNAs risk score (ILRS) classifier. Results: Patients with high and low ILRS showed significant differences in microenvironment and immune cell infiltration type. Furthermore, enrichment analyses showed that these lncRNAs regulated immune-related pathways. Finally, four clusters derived from LUAD patients showed a significant correlation with overall survival of patients. Conclusions: This work provide new insights for subsequent development of clinical strategies against the disease.
Comparison of the Effects of Two Different Hollow Nails in the Treatment of the Young Pauwels Type Ⅲ Femoral Neck Fractures
Authors: CHENG WENJING , DING GUOZHENG - 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: At present, there is a higher complication rate after treatment of femoral neck fractures with three parallel hollow nails (PHN) in the young Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fractures.For better effect,F-shape hollow nails(FHN) is used to treat femoral neck fractures.The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical efficacy of FHN and PHN and provide reference for clinical application.Methods: Thirty-eight consecutive patients admitted from January 2017 to January 2020 were selected for the study. According to random number table method, the patients were divided into two groups:group A (FHN) and group B (PHN). The gender, age, BMI, comorbidities, time from injury to operation and other general preoperative demographics were not statistically different (P>0.05). The data of the two groups can be comparable.The occurrence of avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head (AVN), femoral neck shortening, hollow screw withdrawal was recorded in follow-up.Then, Harris hip score (HHS), pain visual analog score (VAS) of two group were obtained at the last follow-up. Results: The mean follow-up period after surgery was 21.4±10.1 (range, 14–29) months. There were 18 cases(mean age, 47.5±9.6) in group A, 20 cases (mean age, 48.6±10.1) in group B. There was no significant difference between the two groups in AVN, femoral neck shortening (P>0.05), the two groups had statistically significant differences in screw withdrawal (F=4.416, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in HHS and VAS between the two groups at the last follow-up (P>0.05).Conclusion: Three parallel hollow nails (PHN) and F-shape hollow nails (FHN) have similar short-term effects in the young Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fractures, but the nail withdrawal rate of FNH is lower.
Systematic Analysis of HD-ZIP Transcription Factors in Sesame Genome and Gene Expression Profiling of SiHD-ZIP Class I Entailing Drought Stress Responses at Early Seedling Stage
Authors: Mehmood Maryam , Khan Muhammad Jadoon , Khan Muhammad Jawad , Akhtar Nadeem , Mughal Fizza , Shah Syed Tahir Abbas , Hyder Muhammad Zeeshan , Farrakh Sumaira , Sadiq Irfan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sesame is a very ancient oilseed crop. Sesame sensitivity to drought stress at early seedling stage is one of the limiting factors affecting its growth and yield in the world. HD-ZIP transcription factors family is one of the most important families involved in drought stress responses in plants. In this study, total sixty one sesame HD-ZIP (SiHZ) proteins were identified in sesame, based on protein sequence homology with Arabidopsis and protein domain(s) architectures were predicted by Hidden Markov model (HMM). HD-ZIP proteins were then classified into four classes (HD-ZIP Class I-IV) according to the phylogenetic, conserved domain(s) motifs and gene structure analyses in sesame. Based on comparative phylogenetic analysis of sesame with Arabidopsis and maize HD-ZIP protein sequences, HD-ZIP Class I was subdivided into four subgroups α (SiHZ25, SiHZ43, SiHZ9 and SiHZ16), β1 (SiHZ10, SiHZ30, SiHZ32 and SiHZ26), β2 (SiHZ42 and SiHZ45) and (SiHZ17, SiHZ7 and SiHZ35). Twenty-one days old Sesame seedling were exposed to severe drought stress by withholding water for 7 days. Gene expression of 13 members of HD-ZIP Class I was performed in well- watered (control) and water stressed (treatment) seedlings. The results of gene expression analysis showed that, SiHZ7 (6.8 fold) and SiHZ35 (2.6 fold) from subgroup showed significantly high gene expression levels under drought stress in sesame seedlings. Thus, this study provides useful molecular information pinpointing the role SiHD-ZIP Class I in drought stress responses at early seedling stage and to develop sesame novel varieties with improved drought tolerance in sesame.
Health-related Quality of Life Using WHODAS 2.0 and Associated Factors 1 Year After Stroke in Korea: a Multi-center and Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Lee HeyJean , Song Jung-Kook , Moon Jiyoung , Kim Keonyeop , Park Hyeung-Keun , Kang Gil-Won , Shin Jun-Ho , Kang Jongsoo , Kim Byoung-Gwon , Lee Young-Hoon , Jeong Hye Seon , Lee Heeyoung , Lee Won Kyung , Kim Seongheon , Park Young-Kwon 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The self-perceived level of disability for stroke survivors in community is little known. We aimed to characterize HRQoL 1 year after stroke and to investigate how socio-demographic and stroke-related factors and medical adherence explain the self-perceived level of disability among a Korean stroke population.Methods: This study was a multi-center and cross-sectional study. A total of 426 ischemic stroke survivors at 1 year after onset recruited from 11 university hospitals underwent a one-session assessment including: socioeconomic variables, the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), various neurological sequelae, the modifed Morisky scale (MMS), and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) 36-items. The relationship between disability and different variables was analyzed using ordinal logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of disability by global WHODAS 2.0 score was 62.6% (41.6% for mild; 16.0% for moderate; 5.0% for severe) in subjects. Prevalence of severe disability was higher in Participation in society (16.8%) and Getting around (11.8%) than in the other domains. Low MMS motivation was the only factor determining the significant association between all six domains of disability after adjustment. Different predictors for specific domains were age, mRS, dysarthria, trouble seeing, cognition problem and MMS-motivation for Understanding and communicating; age, recurrent stroke, mRS, hemiplegia, facial palsy, general weakness and MMS-motivation for Getting around; age, education, mRS, hemiplegia and MMS-motivation for Self-care; age, education, recurrent stroke, hemiplegia, dysarthria and MMS-motivation for Getting along with people; age, education, income, mRS, hemiplegia, dysarthria, MMS-knowledge and MMS-motivation for Life activities; living without spouse, recurrent stroke, mRS, hemiplegia, dysarthria, trouble seeing, cognition problem, general weakness and MMS-motivation for Participation in society.Conclusions: Self-perceived disability by the WHODAS 2.0 had almost double the prevalence compared to hemiplegia, one of the most common neurological sequelae 1 year after stroke. Each domain of disability increased with various associated factors. Interventions promoting medical adherence of motivation seem to help high HRQoL in all domains.
Altered Static and Dynamic Voxel-mirrored Homotopic Connectivity in Patients With Frontal Glioma
Authors: Hu Guanjie , Ge Honglin , Yang Kun , Liu Dongming , Liu Yong , Jiang Zijuan , Hu Xiao , Xiao Chaoyong , Zou Yuanjie , Liu Hongyi , Hu Xinhua , Chen Jiu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Contralateral regions play critical role in functional compensation in glioma patients. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) characterizes the internal functional connectivity of the brain, which is considered to have a regional functional basis. This study aims to investigate the alterations of brain regional function and VMHC in patients with frontal glioma, and further investigate physiological significance of these alterations. We enrolled 22 patients with frontal glioma and 22 demography matched healthy controls (HC). We determined degree centrality (DC), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and VMHC to investigate the alterations of regional function and internal functional connectivity in patients. Furthermore, partial correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between these indicators and cognitive functions.Compared with HC, patients showed decrease in static VMHC, DC, ReHo and dynamic ReHo (dReHo) within right middle frontal gyrus (MFG.R), left middle frontal gyrus (MFG.L), right precuneus(PCUN.R), left precuneus(PCUN.L), left limbic lobe (LIMB.L), right superior frontal gyrus (SFG.R), right postcentral gyrus (POCG.R), right inferior parietal lobule (IPL.R), but increase in dynamic VMHC (dVMHC) within PCUN.R and PCUN.L. Meanwhile, MFG.R with decreased VMHC, LIMB.L with decreased DC, LIMB.L with decreased ReHo, and PCUN.R with increased dVMHC were significantly positively correlated with cognitive function, but the SFG.R with decreased DC was significantly negatively correlated with memory. This study preliminarily confirmed glioma not only cause regional dysfunction, but also disturb long-distance functional connectivity, and the long-distance functional connectivity showed strong instability in patients with frontal glioma. Meanwhile, the altered functional indicators may compensate cognitive function in patients with frontal glioma.
Plantations on Forest Gaps and Edges Disturbs the Ecology of Threatened Understory Flora: A Case of Critically Endangered Gentiana Kurroo
Authors: Mir Aabid Hussain , Tyub Sumira , Rashid Irfan , Khan Imran , Sheikh Mehraj , Kamili Azra N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Within biodiversity hotspots, forest habitats have been disproportionately reduced and conservation efforts are insufficient, making restoration ventures extremely important. However, the impacts of restoration efforts on native threatened understory biodiversity residing in forest gaps and open edges have been seldom investigated. The current study attempts to fill this knowledge gap by investigating the ecology of a critically endangered understory plant namely Gentiana kurroo, across different successional stages of forest plantations including, open grassland (OG), 3-5-year-old plantation (YP), 5-15-year-old plantation (OP) and a mature forest (MF).Results: The highest population of the species was observed in OG, followed by YP, OP and MF. The regeneration was blocked by the plantation as evidenced by a ‘poor’ status in MF and OP, ‘fair’ at the YP and was ‘good’ only at OG. With an increase in canopy openness, the number of regenerating individuals increased, indicating the negative effect of the closed canopy on regeneration. The ordination projections show that the species density responds negatively with the stand basal area of the woody layer, litter depth, and tree density, but responds positively with soil organic carbon, available phosphorus, and reduction in the plantation. Conclusion: The present study suggests that plantations are more likely to benefit when established on degraded land rather than a replacement of the natural ecosystems, though those systems were initially forested or not. The results have significant implications in designing forest restoration programs, particularly on sites with a high diversity of threatened understory species. Thus, we propose that the forest restoration projects should be designed in a way that favours sensitive understory species without compromising the supply of timber and other non-timber forest products.
Negative Regulators of Inflammation Response To The Dynamic Expression of Cytokines in DF-1 and MDCK Cells Infected by Avian Influenza Viruses
Authors: Zhao Bingqian , Li Huizi , Cao Suilan , Zhong Wenxia , Li Baojian , Jia Weixin , Ning Zhangyong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) seriously endanger the poultry industry and threaten human health. Characteristic inflammatory responses caused by H5N1 and H9N2 AIVs in birds and mammals result in unique clinical manifestations. The role of anti-inflammatory regulators, PTX3, Del-1 and GDF-15, in H5N1 and H9N2- AIV-mediated inflammation in birds and mammals has not yet been verified. Here, the expression of PTX3, Del-1 and GDF-15 in DF-1 and MDCK cells infected with H5N1 and H9N2 AIVs and their effect on inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Infection with both AIVs increased PTX3, Del-1 and GDF-15 expression in DF-1 and MDCK cells. Infection with H9N2 or H5N1 AIV in DF-1 and MDCK cells with overexpression of all three factors, either alone or in combination, inhibited the expression of tested inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, co-expression of PTX3, Del-1 and GDF-15 enhanced the inhibition, irrespective of the cell line. The findings from this study offer insight into the pathogenic differences between H5N1 and H9N2 AIVs in varied hosts. Moreover, our findings can be used to help screen for host-specific anti-inflammatory agents.
Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Changes in Signal Intensity and Volume From Multiparametric MRI for Assessing Response of Rectal Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Tan Zhengwu , Zhang Lan , Cheng Lan , Xie Lingling , Lin Zhenyu Lin , Han Ping , Li Xin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Tumor regression grade (TRG) correlates with prognosis in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), but there is controversy regarding the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for determining TRG. This study to evaluate the diagnostic value of change rate in signal intensity (SI) and volume (V) from MRI to TRG following preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patiens with LARC.Materials and methods: This retrospective analysis examined 82 LARC patients who were admitted to our institution between Oct 2017 and Oct 2019. Patients underwent pre- and post-CRT T2-weighted (T2W), diffusion-weighted (DW)/apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (ceT1W) MRI. Change rate of volume and relative SI ratio(%△V and %△SIR) from each sequence were determined. All LARCs were confirmed pathologically and classified into TRG 0, 1, 2 and 3. Descriptive statistics and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, with calculation of area under the curve (AUC), were used to compare the diagnostic performances. Results: Sixteen patients had TRG-0, 15 had TRG-1, 35 had TRG-2, and 16 had TRG-3. Except for ADC-%△SIR, the remaining%△V and %△SIR on T1W, DWI, and ceT1W had significant differences among the four groups. %△V and/or %△SIR did not distinguish TRG-1 from TRG-2 nor TRG-2 from TRG-3, but differences between other TRGs were identified by %△V and/or %△SIR on T2W, DWI, and ceT1W. The combined use of DW-%△V and T2W-%△SIR provided the best diagnostic performance in distinguishing of TRG-0 from TRG-2 (AUC: 0.954) and from TRG-3 (AUC: 1.000).Conclusions: Preoperative MRI of LARC patients can determine TRG and may improve selection of the preoperative therapy.
Pharmahuasca Reduces ROS Production and inflammatory Gene Expression in the Brain in a Model of PTSD: Exploration by RNA Sequencing
Authors: Kelley D. Parker , Venable Katy , Billac Gerald , Destouni Aspasia , Ebenezer Philip , Stadler Krisztian , Nichols Charles , Barker Steven , Francis Joseph 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with cognitive deficits, oxidative stress and inflammation. N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a known neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and psychoplastogen with antidepressant effects. Therefore, we tested the capacity of DMT, the monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) harmaline, and “pharmahuasca” (DMT + harmaline) to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammatory gene expression and modulate neuroplasticity-related gene expression in a predator exposure and psychosocial stress rat model of PTSD. We administered DMT (2 mg/kg IP), harmaline (1.5 mg/kg IP), or pharmahuasca every other day for 5 days. We measured ROS production in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HC) by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and extracted total RNA from the PFC for sequencing. We also performed in vitro assays to measure the affinity and efficacy of DMT and harmaline at the 5HT2AR. DMT and pharmahuasca reduced ROS production in the PFC and HC, while harmaline had mixed effects. RNA sequencing implicated genes related to ROS production, inflammation, neurotransmission, and neuroplasticity. DMT, but not harmaline exhibits both affinity and efficacy at the human 5HT2AR. DMT and pharmahuasca exhibit broad effects that may facilitate the treatment of PTSD by reducing ROS production and inflammatory gene expression, and inducing neuroplasticity.
Altered Speech Patterns in Subjects with Post-Traumatic Headache Due to Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Chong Catherine , Zhang Jianwei , Li Jing , Wu Teresa , Dumkrieger Gina , Nikolova Simona , Ross Katherine , Stegmann Gabriela , Liss Julie , Schwedt Todd J , Jayasuriya Suren , Berisha Visar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background/Objective: Changes in speech can be detected objectively before and during migraine attacks. The goal of this study was to interrogate whether speech changes can be detected in subjects with post-traumatic headache (PTH) attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and whether there are within-subject changes in speech during headaches compared to the headache-free state. Methods: Using a series of speech elicitation tasks uploaded via a mobile application, PTH subjects and healthy controls (HC) provided speech samples once every three days, over a period of 12 weeks. The following speech parameters were assessed: vowel space area, vowel articulation precision, consonant articulation precision, average pitch, pitch variance, speaking rate and pause rate. Speech samples of subjects with PTH were compared to HC. To assess speech changes associated with PTH, speech samples of subjects during headache were compared to speech samples when subjects were headache-free. All analyses were conducted using a mixed-effect model design.Results: Longitudinal speech samples were collected from nineteen subjects with PTH (mean age=42.5, SD=13.7) who were an average of 14 days (SD=32.2) from their mTBI at the time of enrollment and thirty-one HC (mean age=38.7, SD=12.5). Regardless of headache presence or absence, PTH subjects had longer pause rates and reductions in vowel and consonant articulation precision relative to HC. On days when speech was collected during a headache, there were longer pause rates, slower sentence speaking rates and less precise consonant articulation compared to the speech production of HC. During headache, PTH subjects had slower speaking rates and altered vowel articulation compared to when they were headache-free. Conclusions: Compared to HC, subjects with acute PTH demonstrate altered speech as measured by objective features of speech production. For individuals with PTH, speech was altered during headache vs. when they were headache-free, suggesting that speech alterations were related to PTH and not solely due to the underlying mTBI.