bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISTIK PERGERAKAN PENUMPANG ANGKUTAN UMUM PERDESAAN DI KABUPATEN KUNINGAN
Authors: Sekar Tanjung Adinda , Dirgahayani Puspita 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

The demand for rural public transportation is dominated by people who cannot access private vehicles. In terms of the number of operating routes and the performance of their services, currently rural public transport services tend to decline. The mobility of rural communities to reach social facilities can be hampered if there is no public transportation service, which in turn will reduce the quality of human resources in rural areas. This study focuses on the movement characteristics of rural public transport passengers in Kuningan Regency. Several rural transportation routes were taken as samples, namely route 030 Cilimus-Linggarjati, route 061 Cilimus-Mandirancan, and route 037 Lengkong-Rancakeusik. This study shows that the characteristics of the movement of rural public transport passengers are an integral part in an effort to maintain rural public transport services. These characteristics of passenger movement can be used to improve the performance of public transportation, become input for public transport operators, and become material for local governments to make policies

Keywords: rural public transportation; public transport routes; public transport services; public transport performance.

Abstrak

Permintaan angkutan umum perdesaan didominasi oleh masyarakat yang tidak dapat mengakses kendaraan pribadi. Dari sisi jumlah trayek yang beroperasi dan kinerja layanannya, saat ini layanan angkutan umum perdesaan cenderung semakin menurun. Mobilitas masyarakat perdesaan untuk menjangkau fasilitas sosial dapat terhambat jika tidak ada layanan angkutan umum, yang pada akhirnya akan menurunkan kualitas sumber daya manusia di kawasan perdesaan. Studi ini berfokus pada karakteristik pergerakan penumpang angkutan umum perdesaan di Kabupaten Kuningan. Beberapa trayek angkutan perdesaan diambil sebagai sampel, yaitu trayek 030 Cilimus-Linggarjati, trayek 061 Cilimus-Mandirancan, dan trayek 037 Lengkong-Rancakeusik. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik pergerakan penumpang angkutan umum perdesaan merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam upaya mempertahankan layanan angkutan umum perdesaan. Karakteristik pergerakan penumpang ini dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kinerja angkutan umum, menjadi masukan bagi operator angkutan umum, serta menjadi bahan pemerintah daerah untuk membuat kebijakan.

Kata-kata kunci: angkutan umum perdesaan; trayek angkutan umum; layanan angkutan umum; kinerja angkutan umum.
Unsteady operating modes of a "hot" oil pipeline considering the thermal field of the surrounding ground
Authors: Лурье Михаил Владимирович , Чупракова Наталья Петровна 
Published: August 2021

Рассматривается нестационарный процесс замещения нефти на участке подземного «горячего» нефтепровода. Как правило, для определения параметров данного процесса используют тепловой закон Ньютона, предусматривая мгновенное установление стационарного теплового поля окружающего грунта. Однако в действительности с изменением температуры перекачиваемой нефти по длине трубопровода происходит постепенное остывание (или нагрев) массива грунта, что существенно изменяет величину теплового потока от перекачиваемой жидкости в окружающую среду. В статье предложен упрощенный метод расчета переходных режимов работы «горячего» нефтепровода, основанный на введении параметра средней температуры окружающего грунта, вследствие чего становится возможным учесть не мгновенную, а постепенную перестройку теплового поля грунта и более точно определить значение теплового потока, определяющего передачу тепла от жидкости в трубопроводе в окружающую среду. Показано, что при изменении условий нагрева температура перекачиваемой нефти, а также время выхода нефтепровода на новый стационарный температурный и гидравлический режимы существенно зависят от инерции теплового поля грунта.
The non-stationary process of oil replacement in the underground hot oil pipeline section is examined. As a rule, to determine the parameters of this process, Newton’s law of cooling is used, providing for the instantaneous establishment of a stationary thermal field of the surrounding soil. However, in reality, with a change in the temperature of the pumped oil, a gradual cooling (or heating) of the soil mass occurs along the entire length of the pipeline, which significantly changes the amount of thermal flux from the pumped liquid into the environment. The article proposes a simplified calculation method of transient operating modes of hot oil pipelines based on the introduction of the average temperature of the surrounding soil parameter. As a result of this, it becomes possible to take into account not instant but gradual restructuring of the soil thermal field and more accurately determine the value of the thermal flux, which determines the transfer of heat from the liquid in the pipeline to the environment. It is shown that when the heating conditions change, the temperature of the pumped oil, as well as the time for the oil pipeline to reach a new stationary temperature and hydraulic regimes, significantly depend on the inertia of the soil thermal field.
PERSEPSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP PEMASARAN DIGITAL PRODUK PERIKANAN DI DAERAH KHUSUS IBUKOTA JAKARTA
Authors: Muninggar Retno , Aulia Helmi 
Published: August 2021

Persepsi dan perilaku konsumen terhadap pemasaran digital hasil perikanan merupakan aspek yang penting untuk menentukan strategi pemasaran dan segmentasi pasar. Keputusan akhir pembelian produk perikanan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, diantaranya persepsi, karakteristik, dan perilaku konsumen. Permasalahan penelitian adalah belum adanya informasi yang lengkap terkait perilaku dan persepsi konsumen terhadap pemasaran digital produk perikanan di DKI Jakarta. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi perilaku konsumen, serta mengukur persepsi konsumen terhadap kinerja pemasaran digital produk perikanan. Pendekatan penelitian dilakukan melalui studi kasus dan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data accidental sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode important performance analysis (IPA) dan customer satisfaction index (CSI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku konsumen dalam pemasaran digital produk perikanan adalah sebagai berikut: konsumen membeli produk perikanan melalui pemasaran digital dengan alasan praktis (60%), sumber informasi pembelian dari media sosial (43%), konsumen memperhatikan tingkat kualitas (46%), konsumen membeli rata-rata 1-3 kg produk perikanan (53%) dan konsumen melakukan pembelian kembali (89%). Persepsi konsumen terhadap keseluruhan atribut pemasaran digital hasil perikanan adalah puas (67%), dengan prioritas utama peningkatan kinerja terletak pada atribut harga dan kualitas hasil perikanan dari pemasaran digital.
Kata kunci: konsumen, pemasaran digital, persepsi, perilaku, produk perikanan
The Importance of Corrosion Protection of Metal-Containing Historical Artifacts and Common Methods Used for Preservation
Authors: Gençer Gül Merve 
Published: August 2021

Metal objects were used for various purposes like in the production, decoration, and painting of metallic coins, kitchenwares, and as structural components from ancient ages to the present. Metal extraction and processing ability became one of the important factors to determine the development level of society. For this reason, repairing and protecting the ancient artifacts buried underground or in an aqueous environment that recovered from the archaeological excavations and historical sites is extremely important to protect the history and cultural heritage of society. Historical artifacts are very fragile against environmental factors after their removal from the dig sites and thus rapid intervention procedures are required. Furthermore, historical artifacts exhibited without an application of a protective coating can easily corrode at an increased rate against atmospheric conditions over time. Therefore, developing new approaches for the preservation of metallic objects of cultural heritage has significant importance. It is necessary to know the type of metal to be processed as the coating to be developed for protection will be determined according to the type of metal. Primarily, metal surfaces must be cleansed from the corroded layer followed by developing and applying a structure able to isolate the metal from the environment in order to prevent corrosion. Various materials such as waxes, oils and greases, polymers, glasses and glassy enamels, metallic, and organic coatings have been used to develop corrosion-resistant coatings. Soluble corrosion inhibitors have also been used, which can promote the spontaneous formation of a protective barrier film on surfaces. The structures to be used in the protection of the ancient artifacts must have specific features:
•	must not cause a change in color and has to preserve authenticity in visual appearance,
•	easy to apply,
•	low cost,
•	reversibility in some cases, i.e. easy to remove from the surface,
•	environmentally friendly, non-toxic.
In this review, the methods commonly used for the protection of archaeological artifacts are examined and their advantages and disadvantages are stated.
Evaluation of Leaf Spot Resistance in Wild Arachis Species of Section Arachis
Authors: Massa A.N. , Arias R.S. , Sorensen R.B. , Sobolev V.S. , Tallury S.P. , Stalker H.T. , Lamb M.C. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Wild diploid Arachis species are potential sources of resistance to early (ELS) and late (LLS) leaf spot diseases caused by Passalora arachidicola (syn. Cercospora arachidicola Hori), and Nothopassalora personata (syn. Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. & Curt.) Deighton), respectively. Within section Arachis, limited information is available on the extent of genetic variation for resistance to these fungal pathogens. A collection of 78 accessions representing 15 wild species of Arachis section Arachis from the U.S peanut germplasm collection was evaluated for resistance to leaf spots. Screening was conducted under field (natural inoculum) conditions in Dawson, Georgia, during 2017 and 2018. Accessions differed significantly (P &lt; 0.01) for all three disease variables evaluated, which included final defoliation rating, ELS lesion counts, and LLS lesion counts. Relatively high levels of resistance were identified for both diseases, with LLS being the predominant pathogen during the two years of evaluation. This research documents new sources of resistance to leaf spot diseases selected from an environment with high inoculum pressure. The presence of ELS and LLS enabled the selection of resistant germplasm for further introgression and pre-breeding.
Comparison of Field Emergence and Thermal Gradient Table Germination Rates of Seed from High Oleic and Low Oleic Near Isogenic Peanut Lines
Authors: Chamberlin K.D. , Grey T.L. , Puppala N. , Holbrook C.C. , Isleib T.G. , Dunne J. , Dean L.O. , Hurdle N.L. , Payton M.E. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Oxidative stability is an important factor considered by those in the peanut manufacturing industry. Product stability has been shown to increase up to seven-fold when high-oleic peanuts are used. The percentage of US crop that is high-oleic continues to increase, but many producers are reluctant to grow high-oleic cultivars due to the uncertainty of the high-oleic effect on agronomic traits, such as seed germination, yield and grade. Experiments were designed and conducted to examine the effect of the high oleic trait on peanut seed germination in field plots and in the laboratory on a thermal gradient table. Genotypes used in these experiments included cultivars or breeding lines from each peanut market-type along with their near-isogenic, high oleic counterparts. Field emergence, or germination, was recorded in the field in 4 geographically different regions, as well as in the laboratory on a thermal gradient table. Thermal gradient table experimental results demonstrated a lag in germination in high oleic genotypes compared to their normal oleic counterparts in all market-types, but the effect was lowest in the runner-type pair. Results from these experiments increase the understanding of the agronomic properties of high-oleic peanut cultivars and could influence the modification of standard protocols used by state agencies to test high-oleic peanut germination for registered seed quality labeling. Furthermore, this study indicates that although producers may experience delayed germination from high oleic seed compared to low oleic counterparts, this germination lag is overcome by 21 days post-planting and does not negatively impact the agronomical performance of high oleic cultivars.
Resistance to rust (Puccinia arachidis Speg.) identified in nascent allotetraploids cross-compatible with cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Levinson C.M. , Antepenko E. , Leal-Bertioli S.C.M. , Chu Y. , Culbreath A.K. , Stalker H.T. , Gao D. , Ozias-Akins P. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Peanut rust, caused by Puccinia arachidis Speg., is a foliar disease that plagues peanut production along with early and late leaf spots, Passalora arachidicola (Hori) U. Braun and Nothopassalora personata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) U. Braun, C. Nakash, Videira & Crous, respectively. Rust can cause up to 80% yield losses without control and is widespread in tropical countries but is also a sporadic problem in the United States. An integrative plant management strategy with rust resistant peanut cultivars is needed to decrease dependence on costly fungicides and increase yields for farmers who cannot afford or do not have access to fungicides. Only moderate levels of rust resistance have been identified in cultivated peanut germplasm, but fortunately, high resistance to rust has been identified in wild Arachis species that can be introgressed into peanut cultivars. In this study, 16 diploid, wild Arachis species, five diploid, interspecific hybrids, 11 unique, allotetraploid interspecific hybrids, and two cultivated peanut controls were tested for resistance to rust. Resistance was evaluated in vitro by incubation time, susceptibility index (calculated based on the number of lesions of different diameters)/ leaf area, total number of lesions/ leaf area, and total number of sporulating lesions/ leaf area. All wild Arachis species tested were very highly resistant to rust, except for A. ipaënsis, the B-genome progenitor of cultivated peanut. Additionally, all interspecific hybrids and synthetic allotetraploids not produced with A. ipaënsis as a parent did not show symptoms for rust. Any of these nine synthetic allotetraploids, BatCor, BatDur1, BatDur2, BatSten1, GregSten, MagCard, MagDio, MagDur, and ValSten1 are recommended for progression to QTL mapping of rust resistance. These resistance QTLs can be pyramided into peanut cultivars to protect yields in the United States and to increase yields in tropical, developing countries for farmers that cannot afford, or do not have access to, costly fungicides.
Optimisasi Operasi Pemboran Di Basin Afrika Utara
Authors: Rasyid Aly 
Published: August 2021

Tujuan pengoptimalan pengeboran adalah untuk mengurangi biaya, meningkatkan kondisi lubang sumur dan integritas reservoir, dengan tetap mengutamakan kinerja keselamatan maksimum dan pemeliharaan lingkungan. Meskipun hasil akhir dari suatu operasi pengeboran mudah diamati, akan tetapi yang hampir sering luput dari perhatian adalah kompleksitas masalah dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan operasi Pengeboran.

Dalam tulisan ini telah dievaluasi studi kasus pemboran eksplorasi di salah satu basin di Afrika Utara. Selama periode 2006 hingga 2011, peningkatan pengeboran yang berkelanjutan telah dicapai. Elemen kunci dalam optimasi tersebut meliputi fokus pada struktur manajemen team pemboran, perencanaan rekayasa/teknik sumur, perbaikan dalam pengelolaan operasi pemboran seperti praktek manajemen keselamatan di lokasi, dan juga analisis pasca pengeboran untuk mengimplementasikan pembelajaran untuk sumur berikutnya yang akan dibor.

Hasilnya, selama pemboran 26 sumur selama tahun 2006 hingga 2011, hari pemboran berhasil dikurangi dari 87 hari (sumur pertama) menjadi rata-rata 40 hari, dengan kemampuan deliverable produksi sumur yang tinggi, juga kinerja catatan keselamatan yang sangat baik.
KOMPETENSI PENYULUH PERTANIAN BPP HARAU DALAM MENYUSUN PERENCANAAN PROGRAMA PENYULUHAN MENUJU IMPLEMENTASI KOSTRATANI DI KECAMATAN HARAU
Authors: Kurniasih Dedeh 
Published: August 2021

Aspek yang menjadi tolok ukur dari keberhasilan pembangunan pertanian ini adalah produktivitas, kualitas dan kontinuitas. Untuk mewujudkan keberhasilan tersebut, Kementrian Pertanian mencanangkan kegiatan yang diberi nama Komando Startegi Pembangunan Pertanian (Kostratani). Kostratani adalah pusat kegiatan pembangunan pertanian tingkat kecamatan, yang merupakan optimalisasi tugas, fungsi dan peran Balai Penyuluh Pertanian (BPP) dengan memanfaatkan IT dalam mewujudkan kedaulatan pangan nasional. Untuk mewujudkannya harus tersedia sarana prasarana, pelatihan untuk mendukung SDM dan SDM (penyuluh pertanian) yang berkompeten. Kompetensi ialah pengetahuan, keterampilan dan kemampuan yang ditampilkan oleh seseorang penyuluh dalam konteks pelaksanaan tugas atau pekerjaannya sebagai penyuluh pertanian. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi kompetensi penyuluh pertanian BPP Harau Dalam Menyusun Programa Penyuluhan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan Maret sampai Oktober 2020 di BPP Kecamatan Harau dengan jumlah responden 8 orang penyuluh. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi penyuluh BPP Harau dalam menyusun programa penyuluhan memiliki nilai rataan skor 2,9 dan tergolong kategori kompeten.
A STUDY OF ASSOCIATION OF SERUM FOLIC ACID LEVEL WITH PRE ECLAMPSIA IN DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY AT SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAIPUR
Authors: Singh Archana , More Hetal , Meena B.S. 
Published: August 2021

Background: In this study was carried out to determine the relation between serum levels of Folic Acid and preeclampsia among pregnant women.
Methods: Methods- Hospital based comparative study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS medical college, Jaipur.
Results: In PIH group, 20.00% women folic acid level was 3.1-7.8 ng/ml, 40.00% women folic acid level was 7.9-12.6 ng/ml, 35.00% women folic acid level was 12.7-17.5 ng/ml and 5.00% women folic acid level was 17.6-20.00 ng/ml. In normotensive group, 5.00% women folic acid level was 3.1-7.8 ng/ml, 25.00% women folic acid level was 7.9-12.6 ng/ml, 50.00% women folic acid level was 12.7-17.5 ng/ml and 20.00% women folic acid level was 17.6-20.00 ng/ml.
Conclusion: We conclude that folic acid is not the only element in preventing the preeclampsia, however, its serum level in case group is significantly less than control group.
Keywords: Eclampsia, Folic acid, Hypertension
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO EVALUATE THE ROLE OF URIC ACID FOR PROGRESSION TO PREECLAMPSIA IN GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSIVE PREGNANCIES IN THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTRETICS AND GYNECOLOGY, SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE
Authors: More Hetal , Singh Archana , Meena B.S. 
Published: August 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to study the role of serum uric acid level in progression to preeclampsia in gestational hypertensive pregnancies.
Methods: Hospital based comparative study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS medical college, Jaipur.
Results: Uric acid level was significantly higher in with PIH (6.68±0.36 mg/dl) as compared to without PIH (4.92±0.57 mg/dl). Receiver-operator characteristic curve showed relatively poor sensitivity and specificity performance (area under the curve= 1.00) of serum uric acid level at the initial presentation of gestational hypertension for predicting the progression to preeclampsia The best cut-off revealed from the curve was 6.18 mg/dl.
Conclusion: In conclusion, higher serum uric acid levels at the initial presentation of gestational hypertension may indicate heightened risk of progression to preeclampsia and development of adverse maternal/ infant conditions.
Keywords: Eclampsia, Uric acid, Hypertension
Modernización de la legislación de jornadas y formas de contratos laborales
Authors: Villacis Venegas Norma Yolanda 
Published: August 2021

En el Ecuador como en la mayoría de los países del mundo, se viven las graves repercusiones económicas, políticas y sociales como efecto de la pandemia que azota el mundo desde finales del 2019 y que al parecer se extenderá de manera indeterminada. Todas estas circunstancias han obligado al estado ecuatoriano a la reformar de su legislación laboral, en busca de flexibilizar las formas de contratos y sus jornadas para evitar despidos masivos y otorgar algún tipo de herramienta para el manejo del personal a las empresas que tratan de continuar en operación a pesar de las poco favorables condiciones actuales. Objetivos: Identificar las reformas a la legislación laboral, analizar los efectos sociales de las reformas laborales. Metodología: Aplica el método cuantitativo, diseño bibliográfico, tipo documental, de corte transversal, analítico explicativo con los objetivos del estudio por el método de causa efecto, sin intervención del investigador. Aportes: El presente artículo pretende un análisis sobre las reformas al código laboral y sus efectos en los sectores productivos y sociales, además de establecer una base de consulta documental de las leyes vigentes.
Using Latent Class Analysis to Identify Different Risk Patterns for Patients With Masked Hypertension
Authors: Fu Ming , Hu Xiangming , Yi Shixin , Sun Shuo , Zhang Ying , Feng Yingqing , Geng Qingshan , Zhou Yingling , Dong Haojian 
Published: August 2021

Background: There is controversy whether masked hypertension (MHT) requires additional intervention. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether MHT accompanied with high-risk metabolic syndrome (MetS), as the subphenotype, will have a different prognosis from low-risk MetS.Methods: We applied latent class analysis to identify subphenotypes of MHT, using the clinical and biological information collected from High-risk Cardiovascular Factor Screening and Chronic Disease Management Programme. We modeled the data, examined the relationship between subphenotypes and clinical outcomes, and further explored the impact of antihypertensive medication.Results: We included a total of 140 patients with MHT for analysis. The latent class model showed that the two-class (high/low-risk MetS) model was most suitable for MHT classification. The high-risk MetS subphenotype was characterized by larger waist circumference, lower HDL-C, higher fasting blood glucose and triglycerides, and prevalence of diabetes. After four years of follow-up, participants in subphenotype 1 had a higher non-major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) survival probability than those in subphenotype 2 (P = 0.016). There was no interaction between different subphenotypes and the use of antihypertensive medications affecting the occurrence of MACE.Conclusions: We have identified two subphenotypes in MHT that have different metabolic characteristics and prognosis, which could give a clue to the importance of tracing the clinical correlation between MHT and metabolic risk factors. For patients with MHT and high-risk MetS, antihypertensive therapy may be insufficient.