bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of conformational BRET biosensors that monitor ezrin, radixin and moesin activation in real time
Authors: Leguay Kévin , Decelle Barbara , He Yu Yan , Pagniez Anthony , Hogue Mireille , Kobayashi Hiroyuki , Le Gouill Christian , Bouvier Michel , Carréno Sébastien 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Ezrin, radixin and moesin compose the family of ERM proteins. They link actin filaments and microtubules to the plasma membrane to control signaling and cell morphogenesis. Importantly, their activity promotes invasive properties of metastatic cells from different cancer origins. Therefore, a precise understanding of how these proteins are regulated is important for the understanding of the mechanism controlling cell shape, as well as providing new opportunities for the development of innovative cancer therapies. Here, we developed and characterized novel bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based conformational biosensors, compatible with high-throughput screening, that monitor individual ezrin, radixin or moesin activation in living cells. We showed that these biosensors faithfully monitor ERM activation and can be used to quantify the impact of small molecules, mutation of regulatory amino acids or depletion of upstream regulators on their activity. The use of these biosensors allowed us to characterize the activation process of ERMs that involves a pool of closed-inactive ERMs stably associated with the plasma membrane. Upon stimulation, we discovered that this pool serves as a cortical reserve that is rapidly activated before the recruitment of cytoplasmic ERMs.
Investigating the effect of e-cigarette use on quitting smoking in adults aged 25 years or more using the PATH study
Authors: Lee Peter N. , Fry John S. 
Published: March 2021

Background: The evidence on harms and benefits of e-cigarettes partly concerns whether their use encourages smokers to quit. We addressed this using data from the nationally representative PATH study, with detailed accounting for potential confounding variables. Methods: We considered adults aged 25+. Our original analyses, reported in version 1 of this paper, used data for Waves 1 to 3, separate analyses considering Waves 1 to 2, 2 to 3 and 1 to 3. These related baseline ever e-cigarette use (or e-product use at Wave 2) to quitting at follow-up, adjusting for confounders derived from 55 candidates. Sensitivity analyses omitted ever other product users, linked quitting to current e-cigarette use, and used values of some predictors modified using follow-up data. Additional analyses used data for Waves 1 to 4, separately considering sustained, delayed and temporary quitting during Waves 1 to 3, 2 to 4 and 1 to 4. Sensitivity analyses considered 30-day quitting, restricted attention to smokers attempting to quit, and considered ever smokeless tobacco or snus use. Results: In the original analyses, unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) of quitting smoking forever e-cigarette use were 1.29 (95% CI 1.01-1.66), 1.52 (1.26-1.83) and 1.47 (1.19-1.82) for the Wave 1 to 2, 2 to 3, and 1 to 3 analyses. These reduced after adjustment, to 1.23 (0.94-1.61), 1.51 (1.24-1.85) and 1.39 (1.11-1.74). Quitting rates remained elevated in users in all sensitivity analyses. The additional analyses found associations of e-cigarette use with sustained, delayed and temporary quitting, associations little affected by considering 30-day quitting, and only slightly reduced restricting attention to quit attempters. Ever use of smokeless tobacco or snus also predicted increased quitting. Conclusions: As does most evidence from clinical trials, other analyses of PATH, and other epidemiological studies, our results suggest using e-cigarettes helps adult smokers to quit.
Attribution theory in EFL teacher’s resistance of using technology
Authors: Kamilah Nur 
Published: March 2021

It is now a trend to research the teacher's perspectives of using technology in a language class. However, the reasons why teachers keep perspectives are not well studied. It is known in the view of naive psychology, that what a person regards something matters more than how it actually is. To view success or failure, it is very humane to make excuses or reasons for how it happened. In the case of teacher’s reluctance of using technology in a language class, the present study aimed at explaining what could have underlain their resistance to using technology in their language classes, especially from the view of attribution theory. The study applied a qualitative approach using the phenomenology research design. The participants of the study were three high school language teachers from Situbondo, Indonesia. Added to the researcher as the primary research instrument were the interview and field notes. The findings of the study indicate that teachers have personally considered their resistance as something stable and uncontrollable. They believe that they become resistant because they do not have control over their ability as they believe the younger fellows are gifted with the ability to use IT fluently in the classroom. The findings imply that teachers are reluctant to use technology in the class because they fear failure when using technology in the classroom. It suggests that the magnitude of teachers’ attribution could determine what they could achieve in their professional development.
Sunbathing, a possible risk factor of murine typhus infection in Greece
Authors: Labropoulou Stavroula , Charvalos Ekatherina , Chatzipanagiotou Stylianos , Ioannidis Anastasios , Sylignakis Panagiotis , Τaka Styliani , Karageorgou Ioulia , Linou Maria , Mpizta Giota , Mentis Andreas , Edouard Sophie , Raoult Didier , Angelakis Emmanouil 
Published: March 2021

Background
There are few studies about the presence of murine typhus in Greece. Our objective was to conduct a large scale retrospective investigation to determine the clinical and epidemiological features of patients diagnosed with murine typhus in Greece.

Methodology/Principal findings
From 2012 to 2019 serum samples from hospitalized patients and outpatients throughout Greece suspected for murine typhus infection were tested by immunofluorescence assay for Rickettsia typhi. Immunofluorescence positive samples obtained since 2016 were also tested by qPCR targeting R. typhi. Clinical and epidemiological data were retrospectively collected for the patients with confirmed murine typhus. Overall, we tested 5,365 different patients and, in total, 174 patients from all geographic regions of Greece were diagnosed with murine typhus. The most frequently reported sign or symptom was fever (89%), followed by headache (84%) and rash (81%). The classical triad of fever, headache, and rash was present in 72% of patients during their illness. Severe infections with complications including acute renal failure or septic shock were not recorded. The majority of cases (81%) occurred during May–October and peaked in June and September. Most of patients (81%) infected in Athens, recalled that their only activity the last weeks before symptoms onset was swimming on the beach and 59% of them also reported an insect bite while sunbathing.

Conclusions/Significance
Our results may reflect the reemergence of murine typhus in Greece and we highlight the importance of awareness of this difficult-to-recognize undifferentiated febrile illness.
Long-term outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage requiring mechanical ventilation
Authors: Chalard Kevin , Szabo Vivien , Pavillard Frederique , Djanikian Flora , Dargazanli Cyril , Molinari Nicolas , Manna Federico , Costalat Vincent , Chanques Gerald , Perrigault Pierre-Francois 
Published: March 2021

Background
Patients affected with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) often require intensive care, and then present distinctive outcome from less severe patients. We aimed to specify their long-term outcome and to identify factors associated with poor outcome.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study in a French university hospital intensive care unit. Patients with aSAH requiring mechanical ventilation hospitalized between 2010 and 2015 were included. At least one year after initial bleeding, survival and degree of disability were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) via telephone interviews. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent factors associated with poor outcome defined as mRS≥3.

Results
Two-hundred thirty-six patients were included. Among them, 7 were lost to follow-up, and 229 were analyzed: 73 patients (32%) had a good outcome (mRS<3), and 156 (68%) had a poor outcome (mRS≥3). The estimated 1-year survival rate was 63%. One-hundred sixty-three patients patients (71%) suffered from early brain injuries (EBI), 33 (14%) from rebleeding, 80 (35%) from vasospasm and 63 (27%) from delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Multivariable logistic regression identified independent factors associated with poor outcome including delay between aSAH diagnosis and mRS assessment (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.98; p<.0001), age (OR per 10 points, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.12-2.19; p = 0.008), WFNS V versus WFNS III (OR, 5.71; 95% CI 1.51-21.61; p = 0.004), subarachnoid rebleeding (OR, 6.47; 95% CI 1.16-36.06; p = 0.033), EBI (OR, 4.52; 95% CI 1.81-11.29; p = 0.001) and DCI (OR, 4.73; 95% CI, 1.66-13.49; p = 0.004).

Conclusion
Among aSAH patients requiring assisted ventilation, two-third of them survived at one year, and one-third showed good long-term outcome. As it appears as an independant factor associated with poor outcome, DCI shoud retain particular attention in future studies beyond angiographic vasospasm.
Fatores crÃ­ticos de sucesso e sua influência na prática docente
Authors: Araujo Nino Ferraz 
Published: March 2021

Este estudo analisou e identificou os Fatores CrÃ­ticos de Sucesso que mais influenciam a prática docente. Estes fatores envolveram aspectos como: ferramentas de ensino, qualidade percebida, treinamento e bem-estar psicológico. O objetivo foi contribuir com dados que corroborassem com o desenvolvimento das práticas docentes no ambiente escolar, refletindo no melhor desempenho dos alunos. Foi constatado que o uso dos Fatores CrÃ­ticos de Sucesso (FCS) pode influenciar positivamente o desempenho do docente, e que também ao melhorar sua gestão em sala de aula, seu rendimento profissional é aumentado. Os referenciais teóricos utilizados foram os Fatores CrÃ­ticos de Sucesso de Rockart (1979) e a qualidade percebida de Parasuraman et al. (1990). Os instrumentos empregados para a análise foram o Kolmogorov-Smirnov (1979), para identificar e descrever os Fatores CrÃ­ticos de Sucesso que auxiliaram na prática docente, e o Servqual de Parasuraman et al. (1990), para analisar a qualidade do serviço dos professores, percebida pelos gestores escolares. Como o método Kolmogorov-Smirnov tem aplicação simplificada, a LÓGICA PARACONSISTENTE foi também empregada, pois permite, segundo Bispo e Cazarini (2006) o tratamento com naturalidade de divergências, inconsistências e contradições, além de permitir a obtenção de resultados mais precisos e próximos da realidade. Este trabalho se restringiu Ã s dez melhores escolas da cidade de Niterói, de acordo com conceito no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM). Essa delimitação faz com que os resultados obtidos estejam sujeitos a padrões como comportamento e exigências do mercado. Esperou-se também, além de agregar valor Ã literatura vigente, estimular os estudos em torno do tema proposto, visando cada vez mais auxiliar os docentes na eficácia das suas ações no âmbito escolar.
The psychological and philosophical typology of personality by René Le Senne as the foundation of personal and existential pedagogy by Janusz Tarnowski
Authors: Śliwerski Bogusław 
Published: March 2021

The analysis included the reception of René Le Senne’s theory of personality by psychology and pedagogy of the second half of the 20th century. The work reveals the extraordinary topicality of the typology in modern times, with still the observed lack of cooperation between psychologists and educators dealing with pedagogical axiology, the theory of upbringing and education. The typology survived thanks to the treatises of an outstanding scientist – Professor Janusz Tarnowski, whose dissertations in the field of personal-existential pedagogy of dialogue are reconstructed in this work and supplemented with philosophical interpretation by Tadeusz Gadacz in order to understand why the Le Senne’s typology is absent from social sciences and humanities as the basis for modern upbringing and self-education.
Impact of Intercultural Educational Space on the Formation of Intercultural Competence of Future Teachers at a Pedagogical Higher Education Institution
Authors: Pryshlіak Oksana , Polishchuk Vira , Lupak Natalia 
Published: March 2021

The proposed research is directed at studying the impact of the intercultural educational space on the formation of intercultural competence of future teachers at a pedagogical higher education institution. To determine the levels of intercultural development, the authors adopted the Intercultural Maturity Model by P. King and M. Baxter Magolda. Having identified the initial, intermediate, and mature levels of intercultural development, the authors analyze the process of completion to the full development of intercultural competence. Experimental research was conducted in 2019 at the Institute of Pedagogics and Psychology at Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatyuk National Pedagogical University, Ukraine. To conduct the study the authors opened the Intercultural Communication Center, whose activity was aimed at modeling and implementation of intercultural educational space at this university. The participants in this study were 63 future teachers (third-year students of the University). The pedagogical experiment included the following stages: preparation, diagnostics, formation, and control. The authors identified the intercultural orientation of the goals of the educational process and tasks at each stage. The following methods were used: analysis, survey, interview, conversation, methods of observation. During the pedagogical experiment, attention was focused on the formation of students’ intercultural abilities according to the content and structure of intercultural competence. The study showed a redistribution of respondents in groups – a significant decrease in the percentage of students on the Initial Development Level (the difference is 55.6%) and an increase on the Intermediate Development Level (the difference is 20.6%) and Mature Development Level (the difference is 34.9%). Statistics allow us to assert the significant dynamics of changes in group indicators by levels of intercultural competence at the beginning and end of the study. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the creation of the intercultural educational space at the higher education institution has a positive effect on the process of intercultural competence formation.
The New Soviet Man With a Female Body: Mother, Teacher, Tractor Driver…
Authors: Kestere Iveta , Stonkuviene Irena , Rubene Zanda 
Published: March 2021

The “New Man” is a utopian concept that involves creating an ideal man and replacing the imperfect human being. The beginning of the ideas of creating the new man can be found in ancient Greece and Rome, in the works of utopians and educators, as well as in theological texts. Although this ideologeme as one of the constructs of modernity was fully formed by the end of the 19th century, the efforts to practically implement it are connected with the establishment of (para)totalitarianism. One of the best-known examples of such an attempt was the ambition to create the New Soviet Man. After giving up aspirations to create a perfect biological individual, in the long-term perfective, the main focus was laid on forming an ideologically correct New Man, a builder of communism. Education was seen as one of the key means of achieving this objective. Seeking to identify how the image of the New Man was reflected in the curriculum (primary in particular), 36 textbooks published between 1925–1985 and used in the state schools of Soviet Russia and the Baltic States were analysed.Although the concept of the New Man includes both the male and female person, the most frequently considered is a male. This article aims to discuss how textbooks represent the Soviet woman by considering the following aspects: what was specific to the New Soviet Man – Woman? What did the Soviet regime expect from women in the context of the New Soviet Man project? How did the project of New Man reflect the gender equality idea?
Societal Costs of a Measles Outbreak
Authors: Pike Jamison , Melnick Alan , Gastañaduy Paul A. , Kay Meagan , Harbison Jeff , Leidner Andrew J. , Rice Samantha , Asato Kennly , Schwartz Linda , DeBolt Chas 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Between December 31, 2018, and April 26, 2019, 72 confirmed cases of measles were identified in Clark County. Our objective was to estimate the economic burden of the measles outbreak from a societal perspective, including public health response costs as well as direct medical costs and productivity losses of affected individuals.

METHODS:
To estimate costs related to this outbreak from the societal perspective, 3 types of costs were collected or estimated: public health response (labor, material, and contractor costs used to contain the outbreak), direct medical (third party or patient out-of-pocket treatment costs of infected individuals), and productivity losses (costs of lost productivity due to illness, home isolation, quarantine, or informal caregiving).

RESULTS:
The overall societal cost of the 2019 Clark County measles outbreak was ∼$3.4 million ($47 479 per case or $814 per contact). The majority of the costs (∼$2.3 million) were incurred by the public health response to the outbreak, followed by productivity losses (∼$1.0 million) and direct medical costs (∼$76 000).

CONCLUSIONS:
Recent increases in incident measles cases in the United States and across the globe underscore the need to more fully understand the societal cost of measles cases and outbreaks and economic consequences of undervaccination. Our estimates can provide valuable inputs for policy makers and public health stakeholders as they consider budget determinations and the substantial value associated with increasing vaccine coverage and outbreak preparedness as well as the protection of society against vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles, which are readily preventable with high vaccination coverage.
Publikumsbewegung. Auf der Suche nach dem ›Außerhalb‹ des Theaters
Authors: Primavesi Patrick 
Published: March 2021

Zum Selbstverständnis zeitgenössischer Theaterformen zählt auch der Impuls zur Aktivierung des Publikums. Berechtigt scheint jedoch Rancières Kritik an diesem häufig von Brecht inspirierten Programm, insofern die Zuschauer_innen schon durch die Unterstellung einer bloß passiven Funktion und Haltung bevormundet werden. Der Vortrag sondiert diese Problematik vor allem an Inszenierungen, die ihr Publikum auch körperlich in Bewegung versetzen und außerhalb der gewohnten Bühnenräume mit theatralen Prozessen konfrontieren.
Beschimpfen, Ignorieren, Manipulieren. Zur Politik mit dem Publikum nach Peter Handke (von Ivana Müller und Claudia Bosse)
Authors: Müller-Schöll Nikolaus 
Published: March 2021

Vor dem Hintergrund der neueren historischen und theoretischen Theaterforschung zum Zuschauer lässt sich Peter Handkes Publikumsbeschimpfung als Beginn der sukzessiven Auflösung jenes Verständnisses von Spieler und Publikum begreifen, das sich zwischen der Mitte des 18. und dem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts als Paradigma des modernen Theaters herausgebildet hat. Kann Handke einerseits an eine seit dem Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts erfolgte Wiederentdeckung jenes aktiven Zuschauers anknüpfen, wie er im Theater der frühen Neuzeit prägend gewesen sein dürfte, so lässt sich andererseits in seinem Stück doch noch eine Auffassung des Verhältnisses von Bühne und Publikum erkennen, die weitgehend mit der im Stück verbal angegriffenen Schauanordnung übereinstimmt. Dies wird noch akzentuiert durch die legendäre Uraufführung durch Claus Peymann im Frankfurter Theater am Turm, in der die an das Spiel mit der Vierten Wand gewohnten Schauspieler von den Reaktionen des beschimpften Publikums zeitweise offenkundig überfordert waren. Neuere Performance-Arbeiten von Ivana Müller und Claudia Bosse können von daher als weitergehende Erforschungen dessen begriffen werden, was bei Handke erstmals szenisch untersucht wird: Der Differenz zwischen dem empirischen und dem epistemologischen Zuschauer sowie des Verhältnisses von Freiheit und Manipulation in experimentellen Schauanordnungen.
Die Anwendung von DIN EN 62424
Authors: Schorn Wolfgang , Bindel Thomas , Hofmann Dieter , Große Norbert 
Published: March 2021

Im Dezember 2017 wurde die neue Fassung von DIN EN 62424 „Darstellung von Aufgaben der Prozessleittechnik – Fließbilder und Datenaustausch zwischen EDV-Werkzeugen zur Fließbilderstellung und CAE-Systemen“ veröffentlicht. Der vorliegende Beitrag behandelt einige Aspekte derjenigen Normabschnitte, welche der zurückgezogenen DIN 19227-1 entsprechen und sowohl für Entwickler als auch für Anwender von Interesse sind. Hierbei wird der Harmonisierung mit den Standards DIN IEC 60050-351, DIN EN 61512-1, DIN EN ISO 10628-1 [14], DIN 62382 und NAMUR NE 152 Rechnung getragen. Begriffliche Divergenzen zwischen diesen und auch anderen technischen Regelwerken sollten nach Möglichkeit vermieden bzw. beseitigt werden. Weiterhin werden Hinweise zum Übersetzen von Fachbegriffen gegeben.
Towards a new model for inclusive education based on virtual social inclusion and mobile openness
Authors: Read Timothy 
Published: March 2021

The political and social instability in many parts of the world has led to large numbers of refugees forced to find a haven in Europe, and the social and political pressure is felt in these countries, as they see the situation worsening dramatically. In this article, an analysis of the geo-sociological assumptions within the conventional conception of social inclusion is undertaken and substituted by a new one based upon the knowledge-based, network-oriented nature of modern European society. This is referred to as Virtual Social Inclusion (VSI) and it aims primarily at two fundamental dimensions of human activity: education and employment. The article focuses on the nature and implications of VSI for inclusive education and its underlying principles, particularly mobility and openness. What VSI requires to turn from a theoretical framework into a practical reality and the foreseeable implications of its implementation are explored.
Keywords: Virtual social inclusion, social inclusion, MOOC, open education.
The effect of educational digital games on education, motivation and attitudes of elementary school students against course access
Authors: Sabirli Zulkif Eser , Coklar Ahmet Naci 
Published: March 2021

The use of computer games is becoming more and more common among children thanks to its many features; from multimedia opportunities to motivation. This increase in its use also increases the importance of educational games. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the use of educational games in education on the academic success, motivation and attitudes of elementary school students. The participants of the research consist of 90 students studying in a public primary school in the 2017-2018 academic years. The research is also important for carrying out with primary school students as younger individuals who are missing in the literature. In the research designed in the quasi-experimental model, an experimental process was carried out with two different units ("In the Classrom" and "Numbers") in the English lesson, and it was observed that the educational games increased the students' access to the lesson. On the other hand, while educational games caused a difference in motivation towards the English lesson, no difference was found in the attitudes towards the lesson.

Keywords: Digital game, educational game, motivation, attitude,