bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
КОМПЛЕКСНЕ РІШЕННЯ ЗАДАЧІ ВИБОРУ РУХОМОГО СКЛАДУ ТА УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗАПАСАМИ
Authors: Шматко Дмитро , Авер’янов Володимир , Коробочка Олександр , Сасов Олександр 
Published: July 2021

Основними заходами, прийнятими на автомобільному транспорті в останні роки і спрямованими на підвищення ефективності виробництва, підвищення продуктивності праці, були: організаційні заходи для збільшення використання транспортних засобів, більш повне використання їх вантажопідйомності та місткості, скорочення порожніх пробігів, розробка оптимальних схем перевезення вантажів, вдосконалення технології організації перевезень, підтримання ритмічності вантажно-розвантажувальних робіт за добу. Подальший розвиток та вдосконалення автомобільного транспорту вимагає підготовки кваліфікованих інженерно-технічних працівників, які мають сучасні передові засоби організації, планування, впровадження, аналізу транспортного процесу. Важливим завданням організації перевезень є вибір ефективних транспортних засобів, які найкраще відповідають конкретним умовам. Технічні та експлуатаційні характеристики автомобіля визначаються організацією перевезення та сукупністю його експлуатаційних властивостей: вантажопідйомність, використання ваги, швидкісні характеристики, економія палива тощо.
Метою роботи є вирішення взаємопов’язаних задач щодо визначення спеціалізації та вибору пропускної здатності рухомого складу, що забезпечує низькі транспортні витрати та високу продуктивність автомобіля.
Виходячи з конкретних умов, можна встановити взаємозв'язок між відстанню перевезення вантажу, величиною його щоденного споживання, вартістю вантажу та оптимальною вантажопідйомністю рухомого складу, при якій сумарні витрати, що складаються з витрат на перевезення вантажу, вартості матеріальних засобів в обігу та капіталовкладень в рухомий склад й складське господарство, досягають мінімуму.
Generalidades sobre cardiomiopatía periparto
Authors: Garnier Fernández Juan Carlos , Pizarro Alvarado Gloriana , Orozco García Roberto 
Published: July 2021

La cardiomiopatía periparto se define como: una falla cardiaca aguda secundaria a disfunción sistólica, que se presenta hacia el final del embarazo o en los primeros cinco meses después del parto. Tiene una incidencia de 1 en 1,000 a 1 en 4,000 nacimientos.
El factor de riesgo más importante es ser de descendencia africana, otros factores son la edad materna avanzada, multiparidad y los trastornos hipertensivos. La fisiopatología sigue siendo desconocida, y se han propuesto como los causantes de la enfermedad los procesos autoinmunes, factores inflamatorios, infecciones agudas, malnutrición, alteraciones hormonales, apoptosis celular, disfunción y estrés oxidativo endotelial.
La clínica es variada y presentan fatiga, disnea de esfuerzo, disnea paroxística nocturna, tos, ortopnea, edema con fóvea, palpitaciones, dolor torácico, taquipnea, taquicardia, presión venosa yugular elevada, estertores pulmonares, ritmo de galope y ascitis. El diagnóstico es de exclusión, y se debe solicitar un ecocardiograma, electrocardiograma, medición de péptidos natriuréticos (BNP y NT pro-BNP), y radiografía de tórax.
El tratamiento es similar al de otras causas de insuficiencia cardíaca e incluye mantener una adecuada oxigenación, restricción de líquidos y sal, frenar la progresión de la disfunción del ventrículo izquierdo. Los fármacos utilizados son diuréticos, vasodilatadores, inotrópicos, Inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina, inhibidores de los receptores II de angiotensina, beta bloqueadores, digoxina, espironolactona y anticoagulación con heparina. La mortalidad es aproximadamente del 4%.
"FINTECH" as a digital dimension of stable development
Authors: Rippa Maria , Rippa Serhiy 
Published: July 2021

The subject of the article is a study of the formation, development and implementation of Fintech technologies in the context of ideologies of sustainable development and innovation DeFi (Decentralized Finance) [6], caused by the intensification of large-scale digital economy and global digitalization of all spheres of production and services. blockchain and prospects for the spread of the Internet of Things (IoT) in combination with artificial intelligence (AI). Results of work. Features of chronology and joint course of epochs of industrial evolution together with stages of development of the financial technologies based on a combination and integration of so-called, drivers of "Fintech for sustainable development" (FT4SD) are designated and characterized. The toolbox of FT4SD is shown to be a triad of blockchain, AI and IoT, which together provide a synergistic effect of "decentralized finance", creating a virtually unlimited investment resource for technological innovation in the digital economy within the processes of sustainable development. Conclusions. Despite the difficult economic and epidemiological situation in the world in general and in Ukraine in particular, it has been shown that the ideology of "decentralized finance" has had and will have a positive result.
Delineating the characteristics of saline water intrusion in the coastal aquifers of Tamil Nadu, India by analysing the Dar-Zarrouk parameters
Authors: SINGH Somvir , GAUTAM Param K. , KUMAR Prashant , BISWAS Arkoprovo , SARKAR Tandrila 
Published: July 2021

Tuticorin, located in the southeastern part of Tamil Nadu, is a coastal aquifer on which Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was conducted, thereby analysing the interpreted subsurface resistivity layer parameters covering around 112 km2 area of the study region. VES is an essential tool for investigating hard rock terrains of coastal aquifers and perceive an idea about the groundwater quality. In this study, Dar-Zarrouk (D-Z) parameters like longitudinal conductance (Sc), transverse resistance (Tr) and anisotropy (λ) are analysed as these are well-established parameters in delineating the occurrence and distribution of both fresh and saline water aquifers. These parameters are also very persuasive in investigating complex subsurface parameters (resistivity and conductivity) within saline water intruded coastal region environment. After conducting a thorough survey, the resistivity results reflect that the sediments are enriched with saltwater, clay with moderate freshwater and freshwater-bearing formations. The analysis shows that the D-Z parameters offer a helpful and assured answer in demarcating the saline, moderate fresh, and freshwater aquifers. Therefore, the behaviour and patterns of the D-Z parameters in space established the existence of saline water and freshwater aquifer structures in the coastal aquifers over a vast area.
Somatic mosaicism in the MAPK pathway in sporadic brain arteriovenous malformation and association with phenotype
Authors: Gao Sen , Nelson Jeffrey , Weinsheimer Shantel , Winkler Ethan A. , Rutledge Caleb , Abla Adib A. , Gupta Nalin , Shieh Joseph T. , Cooke Daniel L. , Hetts Steven W. , Tihan Tarik , Hess Christopher P. , Ko Nerissa , Walcott Brian P. , McCulloch Charles E. , Lawton Michael T. , Su Hua , Pawlikowska Ludmila , Kim Helen 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Sporadic brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) is a tangled vascular lesion characterized by direct artery-to-vein connections that can cause life-threatening intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Recently, somatic mutations in KRAS have been reported in sporadic BAVM, and mutations in other mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway genes have been identified in other vascular malformations. The objectives of this study were to systematically evaluate somatic mutations in MAPK pathway genes in patients with sporadic BAVM lesions and to evaluate the association of somatic mutations with phenotypes of sporadic BAVM severity.

METHODS
The authors performed whole-exome sequencing on paired lesion and blood DNA samples from 14 patients with sporadic BAVM, and 295 genes in the MAPK signaling pathway were evaluated to identify genes with somatic mutations in multiple patients with BAVM. Digital droplet polymerase chain reaction was used to validate KRAS G12V and G12D mutations and to assay an additional 56 BAVM samples.

RESULTS
The authors identified a total of 24 candidate BAVM-associated somatic variants in 11 MAPK pathway genes. The previously identified KRAS G12V and G12D mutations were the only recurrent mutations. Overall, somatic KRAS G12V was present in 14.5% of BAVM lesions and G12D was present in 31.9%. The authors did not detect a significant association between the presence or allelic burden of KRAS mutation and three BAVM phenotypes: lesion size (maximum diameter), age at diagnosis, and age at ICH.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors confirmed the high prevalence of somatic KRAS mutations in sporadic BAVM lesions and identified several candidate somatic variants in other MAPK pathway genes. These somatic variants may contribute to understanding of the etiology of sporadic BAVM and the clinical characteristics of patients with this condition.
Factors associated with using an interbody fusion device for low-grade lumbar degenerative versus isthmic spondylolisthesis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Inculet Clayton , Urquhart Jennifer C. , Rasoulinejad Parham , Hall Hamilton , Fisher Charles , Attabib Najmedden , Thomas Kenneth , Ahn Henry , Johnson Michael , Glennie Andrew , Nataraj Andrew , Christie Sean D. , Stratton Alexandra , Yee Albert , Manson Neil , Paquet Jérôme , Rampersaud Y. Raja , Bailey Christopher S. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Many studies have utilized a combined cohort of patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) and isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS) to evaluate indications and outcomes. Intuitively, these are very different populations, and rates, indications, and outcomes may differ. The goal of this study was to compare specific patient characteristics associated with the utilization of a posterior lumbar interbody device between cohorts of patients with DS and IS, as well as to compare rates of interbody device use and patient-rated outcomes at 1 year after surgical treatment.

METHODS
The authors included patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion or instrumented posterolateral fusion for grade I or II DS or IS and had been enrolled in the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network registry from 2009 to 2016. The outcome measures were score on the Oswestry Disability Index, scores for back pain and leg pain on the numeric rating scale, and mental component summary (MCS) score and physical component summary score on the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey. Descriptive statistics were used to compare spondylolisthesis groups, logistic regression was used to compare interbody device use, and the chi-square test was used to compare the proportions of patients who achieved a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) at 1 year after surgery.

RESULTS
In total, 119 patients had IS and 339 had DS. Patients with DS were more commonly women, older, less likely to smoke, and more likely to have neurogenic claudication and comorbidities, whereas patients with IS more commonly had radicular pain, neurological deficits, and worse back pain. Spondylolisthesis was more common at the L4–5 level in patients with DS and at the L5–S1 level in patients with IS. Similar proportions of patients had an interbody device (78.6% of patients with DS vs 82.4% of patients with IS, p = 0.429). Among patients with IS, factors associated with interbody device utilization were BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and increased baseline leg pain intensity. Factors associated with interbody device utilization in patients with DS were younger age, increased number of total comorbidities, and lower baseline MCS score. For each outcome measure, similar proportions of patients in the surgical treatment and spondylolisthesis groups achieved the MCID at 1 year after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS
Although the demographic and patient characteristics associated with interbody device utilization differed between cohorts, similar proportions of patients attained clinically meaningful improvement at 1 year after surgery.
Clinical utility of brain biopsy for presumed CNS relapse of systemic lymphoma
Authors: Brown Desmond A. , Goyal Anshit , Richter Kent R. , Haglin Jack M. , Himes Benjamin T. , Lu Victor M. , Snyder Kendall , Hughes Joshua , Decker Paul A. , Opoku-Darko Michael , Link Michael J. , Burns Terry C. , Parney Ian F. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to determine the frequency with which brain biopsy for presumed CNS relapse of systemic hematological malignancies yields new, actionable diagnostic information. Hematological malignancies represent a disparate group of genetic and histopathological disorders. Proclivity for brain involvement is dependent on the unique entity and may occur synchronously or metasynchronously with the systemic lesion. Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) have a high propensity for brain involvement. Patients in remission from systemic DLBCL may present with a lesion suspicious for brain relapse. These patients often undergo brain biopsy. The authors’ a priori hypothesis was that brain biopsy in patients with a history of systemic DLBCL and a new brain MRI lesion would have lower diagnostic utility compared with patients with non-DLBCL systemic malignancies.

METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent brain biopsy between 2000 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were patients ≥ 18 years of age with a prior systemic hematological malignancy in remission presenting with a new brain MRI lesion concerning for CNS relapse. Patients with a history of any CNS neoplasms, demyelinating disorders, or active systemic disease were excluded. The main outcome was the proportion of patients with a distinct histopathological brain diagnosis compared with the systemic malignancy. The authors secondarily assessed overall survival, procedure-related morbidity, and 30-day mortality.

RESULTS
Sixty patients met inclusion criteria (40 males and 20 females); the median age at brain biopsy was 67 years (range 23–88 years). The median follow-up was 8.5 months (range 0.1–231 months). Thirty-nine (65.0%) patients had DLBCL and 21 (35%) had non-DLBCL malignancies. Thirty-five of 36 (97.2%) patients with prior systemic DLBCL and a diagnostic biopsy had histopathological confirmation of the original systemic disease versus 0 of 21 patients with non-DLBCL systemic malignancies (p < 0.001). Morbidity and 30-day mortality were 8.3% and 10.0%, respectively; 2 of 6 30-day mortalities were directly attributable to the biopsy. The median overall survival following brain biopsy was 10.8 months.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with a history of systemic DLBCL and presumed CNS relapse gained minimal clinical benefit from brain biopsy but were at high risk of morbidity and mortality. In patients with a history of non-DLBCL systemic malignancies, brain biopsy remained critical given the high likelihood for discovery of distinct diagnostic entities. It was determined that patients with a prior systemic DLBCL and presumed brain relapse should likely receive empirical therapy obviating treatment delay and the risks of brain biopsy.
Biomechanics of open versus minimally invasive deformity correction:​ comparison of stability and rod strain between pedicle subtraction osteotomy and anterior column realignment
Authors: Godzik Jakub , de Andrada Pereira Bernardo , Sawa Anna G. U. , Lehrman Jennifer N. , Mundis Gregory M. , Hlubek Randall J. , Uribe Juan S. , Kelly Brian P. , Turner Jay D. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Anterior column realignment (ACR) is a new minimally invasive approach for deformity correction that achieves a degree of lordosis similar to that obtained with pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO). This study compared the biomechanical profiles of ACR with PSO using range of motion (ROM) and posterior rod strain (RS) to gain insight into the ACR technique and the necessary surgical strategies to optimize longevity and stability.

METHODS
An in vitro biomechanical study using standard flexibility testing (7.5 Nm) was performed on 14 human cadaveric specimens, separated into 2 groups similar in age, sex, bone mineral density, and intact ROM. For group 1 (n = 7, instrumented L1–S1), a 30° ACR was performed at L3–4. For group 2 (n = 7, instrumented T12–S1), a 30° L3 PSO was performed. Specimens were subjected to nondestructive loads in flexion, extension, axial rotation, lateral bending, and compression. Conditions tested were 1) intact, 2) pedicle screw with 2 rods (PSR), 3) ACR or PSO with 2 rods (+2R), and 4) ACR or PSO with 4 rods (+4R). Primary outcome measures of interest were ROM stability and posterior RS at L3–4.

RESULTS
No difference was observed between groups in lumbar lordosis (p = 0.83) or focal angular lordosis at L3–4 (p = 0.75). No differences in stability were observed between ACR+2R and PSO+2R (p ≥ 0.06);​ however, ACR+2R was significantly less stable than PSR in flexion and extension (p ≤ 0.02), whereas PSO+2R was less stable than PSR only in extension (p = 0.04). ACR+4R was more stable than ACR+2R in flexion, extension, left axial rotation, and compression (p ≤ 0.02). PSO+4R was more stable than PSO+2R only in extension (p = 0.04). Both ACR+2R and PSO+2R resulted in significant increases in RS in flexion and extension compared with PSR (p ≤ 0.032). RS in flexion and extension decreased significantly for ACR+4R versus ACR+2R and for PSO+4R versus PSO+2R (p ≤ 0.047). PSO+2R yielded lower RS than ACR+2R in compression (p = 0.03). No differences existed in RS between ACR+4R and PSO+4R (p ≥ 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
Although ACR appeared to be slightly more destabilizing than PSO using traditional 2R fixation, both techniques resulted in significant increases in posterior RS. The 4R technique increased stability in ACR and decreased RS in both ACR and PSO but may be more beneficial in ACR. Longer-term clinical studies are needed to appropriately identify the durability of the ACR technique in deformity correction.
Coding cerebral bypasses: a proposed nomenclature to better describe bypass constructs and revascularization techniques
Authors: Tayebi Meybodi Ali , Gadhiya Arjun , Borba Moreira Leandro , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Bypass surgery has evolved into a complex surgical art with a variety of donor arteries, recipient arteries, interpositional grafts, anastomoses, and suturing techniques. Although innovation in contemporary bypasses has increased, the literal descriptions of these new bypasses have not kept pace. The existing nomenclature that joins donor and recipient arteries with a hyphen is simplistic, underinformative, and in need of improvement. This article proposes a nomenclature that systematically incorporates anatomical and technical details with alphanumeric abbreviations and is a clear, concise, and practical “code” for bypass surgery.

METHODS
Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the proposed nomenclature, which consists of abbreviations for donor and recipient arteries, arterial segments, arteriotomies, and sides (left or right), with hyphens and parentheses to denote the arteriotomies joined in the anastomosis and brackets and other symbols for combination bypasses, are presented. The literature was searched for articles describing bypasses, and descriptive nomenclature was categorized as donor and recipient arteries (donor-recipient), donor-recipient with additional details, less detail than donor-recipient, and complete, ambiguous, or descriptive text.

RESULTS
In 483 publications, most bypass descriptions were categorized as donor-recipient (335, 69%), with superficial temporal artery–middle cerebral artery bypass described most frequently (299, 62%). Ninety-seven articles (20%) used donor-recipient descriptions with additional details, 45 (9%) were categorized as ambiguous, and none contained a complete bypass description. The authors found the proposed nomenclature to be easily applicable to the more complex bypasses reported in the literature.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors propose a comprehensive nomenclature based on segmental anatomy and additional anastomotic details that allows bypasses to be coded simply, succinctly, and accurately. This alphanumeric shorthand allows greater precision in describing bypasses and clarifying technical details, which may improve reporting in the literature and thus help to advance the field of bypass surgery.
Muzealna aplikacja mobilna a udogodnienia dla osób niepełnosprawnych: przykład Wilanów Guide
Authors: Manczak Iryna , Bajak Maria , Sanak-Kosmowska Katarzyna 
Published: July 2021

Technologie mobilne znajdują szerokie zastosowanie w działalności instytucji kultury. Pośród nich szczególną rolę odgrywają aplikacje oraz oprogramowania, które mogą nie tylko usprawnić i urozmaicić zwiedzanie ekspozycji, w tym zwiększyć zaangażowanie publiczności. Szczególnym przypadkiem są rozwiązania zapewniające dostępność do aktywności osobom z dysfunkcjami. Kluczowym celem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie dostępnych udogodnień oferowanych osobom z niepełnosprawnością za pośrednictwem aplikacji muzealnych. W jego części teoretycznej przedstawiony został przegląd literatury poświęconej koncepcji równych szans realizowanej przez współczesne muzea. Przeanalizowana została również szczególna rola aplikacji mobilnych stanowiących wsparcie dla niepełnosprawnych odbiorców kultury. W części empirycznej omówione zostały wyniki badań własnych na temat dostępnych udogodnień oferowanych za pośrednictwem aplikacji muzealnej Wilanów Guide dla osób z niepełnosprawnością. W toku przeprowadzonej analizy stwierdzono, że muzealne aplikacje mobilne pozwalają na wdrożenie użytecznych udogodnień dla osób z dysfunkcjami, czego przykładem jest aplikacja udostępniona przez Muzeum Pałacu Króla Jana III w Wilanowie.
Wpływ sektora ICT na lukę produktywności między Unią Europejską i USA – analiza dla okresu 1996-2017
Authors: Młynarzewska-Borowiec Izabela 
Published: July 2021

Celem artykułu jest weryfikacja hipotezy o istotnym związku między rozwojem sektora ICT a luką produktywności pracy między UE i USA w okresie 1996-2017. Analizę wpływu ICT na różnice w produktywności pracy przeprowadza się na poziomie makroekonomicznym i sektorowym, wykorzystując rachunek produktywności KLEMS. W świetle otrzymanych wyników różnicę dynamiki produktywności między USA i krajami UE (w szczególności tzw. starymi krajami członkowskimi) w analizowanym okresie można ściśle wiązać z dysproporcją obu regionów w zakresie ujawniania się bezpośrednich efektów rozwoju sektora ICT, tj. wzrostu TFP w tym sektorze oraz inwestycji w technologie informacyjno-komunikacyjne w pozostałych. Dysproporcje te pogłębiły się w okresie 2007-2017, kiedy zaobserwowano dodatkowo brak pośredniego wpływu ICT na produktywność pracy w europejskich gospodarkach (brak dodatkowego wzrostu TFP w innych sektorach).
Muzułmańskie mocarstwa regionalne wobec konfliktu czeczeńskiego
Authors: Gorlicka Sylwia 
Published: July 2021

Artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie uwarunkowań międzynarodowych wo­jen rosyjsko-czeczeńskich, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wybranych muzułmańskich mocarstw regionalnych (Iranu, Turcji i Arabii Saudyjskiej). Problem rozpatrzono nie tylko jako konflikt wewnętrzny Federacji Rosyjskiej z wchodzącą w jej skład autonomicz­ną Republiką Czeczenii, lecz także taki, w który ingerowały podmioty zewnętrzne wraz z ukazaniem zakresu i rodzajów środków oddziaływania, którymi posługiwały się w czasie trwania omawianych wydarzeń, jak również cele, które próbowały osiągnąć. Autorka po­deszła do tematu odmiennie, niż jest on ujęty w przeważającej części publikacji zarówno polskich, jak i zagranicznych.
Podczas pracy nad artykułem przyjęto jako perspektywę teoretyczną w badaniu stosun­ków międzynarodowych realizm w nurcie realizmu defensywnego i zastosowano adekwatne dla niego podejście metodologiczne. Kluczową metodą wykorzystaną w artykule była analiza źródeł drukowanych i elektronicznych w formie tekstowej. Do opisu mnogości i zróżnicowania przyczyn uczestnictwa wybranych podmiotów politycznych w konflik­cie rosyjsko-czeczeńskim zastosowano także metodę porównawczą wraz z ujęciem histo­rycznym.