bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effect of Iris taochia Plant Extracts on Human
Breast Cancer (MCF-7) Cells
Authors: Yazgan Burak , Ozcelik Ozlem , Ayar Arif , Renda Gülin , Yıldırım Tuba 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Iris taochia is an endemic plant in Turkey. Iris species has many biological
effects such as antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. Apoptosis
is a programmed cell death and this mechanism regulates the death of cancer cells.

Purpose:
The aim of our work is to investigate how the Iris taochia extracts affect the apoptotic activity
in the MCF7 cells.

Methods:
Cytotoxic dose and cell viability is determined by the MTT assay. Bad, Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-
W, Bid, Bim, Caspase 3, Caspase 8, CD40, CD40L, cIAP-2, CytoC, DR6, Fas, FasL, HSP27,
HSP60, HSP70, HTRA, IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5,
IGFBP-6, IGF-1sR, Livin, p21, p27, p53, SMAC, Survivin, sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2, TNF-α, TNF-β,
TRAILR-1, TRAILR-2, TRAILR-3, TRAILR-4 and XIAP proteins were measured by the membrane
array kit.

Results:
Iris taochia extracts exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on MCF7 cells and IC50 values
ranging from 1.56 to 100 μg/mL. Our results indicate that MeOH extract of Iris taochia in MCF7
cells may be a regulator of cell death proteins, cell cycle and growth factors. DCM and EtOH extracts
of Iris taochia have a limited effect on MCF7 cells, especially, HSPs, which play a significant
role in chemoresistance, downregulating DCM and EtOH extracts of Iris taochia, whereas ligands
and receptors of extrinsic apoptotic pathway are upregulated by these extracts.

Conclusion:
This is the first study to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of Iris taochia
extracts on MCF7 cells. Results also showed that Iris taochia reduced cell viability and induced
apoptotic pathways as a potential regulator of cancer cell death.
Elucidating the Dynamics and Selective Mechanistic Mode of Inhibition of
a Novel Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase-1 Inhibitor
Authors: Okunlola Felix O. , Soremekun Opeyemi S. , Olotu Fisayo A. , Soliman Mahmoud E.S. 
Published: April 2021

:
Poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1), due to its role in DNA damage and repair, has
been identified as a crucial therapeutic target to attenuate cancer development and progression.
More so, selective inhibition has remained a focal point in PARP-1 targeting and has led to the development
of numerous compounds, including the recently identified Cpd10n, a novel homoerythrina
alkaloid derivative. To expound on the selective PARP-1 inhibition mechanisms by
Cpd10n, we employed computational simulation methods in this study. Findings revealed that the
inhibitor stabilized the characteristic motion of activated PARP-1 as evidenced by reductions in
residual deviations and structural flexibility. Findings further revealed that Cpd10n was favorably
bound at the active site PARP-1 as supported by the occurrence of strong hydrogen and halogen
bonds based on complementarity. These were in addition to aromatic bonds with an enhanced ring
to ring stability. Steady and high-affinity interactions between the fluorine atom of Cpd10n and
Glu988 could potentiate the selective activity of the compound. Interaction analyses also revealed
that inhibitor binding was strongly dependent on electrostatic effects over van der Waal contributions,
which were relatively minimal. We believe findings from this study will further contribute to
the rational structure-based design of highly selective PARP-1 inhibitors.
Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking, In Vitro Biological Evaluation and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Study of Novel Thiazolidine-4-One Derivatives as Anti-Breast Cancer Agents
Authors: Kadhim Zainab Y. , Alqaraghuli Hasanain G.J. , Abd Muna Tawfeeq 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Thiazolidine-4-one is a promising class of heterocyclic compounds with interesting
pharmacological and biological activities, such as anticancer and antibacterial. Therefore, many researchers have
synthesized thiazolidine-4-ones and evaluated their biological potential for developing new drugs.

Objective:
In this study, two novel thiazolidine-4-one derivatives (T1 and T2) were synthesized and evaluated
for their antibacterial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis. Also, the
cytotoxic activities of compounds T1 and T2 were estimated against MCF-7 (HER2+, ER+, and ER+) and MDAMB-
231 (triple-negative) human breast cancer cell lines. The chemical structures of the compounds T1 and T2
were proven using spectral techniques (FT-IR, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR) and CHN elemental analysis.

Methods:
The synthesis of thiazolidine-4-one compounds was performed in two steps. The first step consisted of
the formation of Schiff bases S1 and S2. In the second step, the synthesized Schiff bases were reacted with
thioglycolic acid to prepare thiazolidine-4-one compounds. Hemolysis assay, molecular docking, cytotoxicity
activity (MTT assay), and antibacterial activity (disc diffusion assay) were studied.

Results:
The hemolysis study demonstrated that the hemolytic ratio of compounds T1 and T2 at (1, 2, and 3)
mg/ml was less than 4%. MTT assay showed that 100 μg/ml of compounds T1 and T2 diminish the MCF-7 cell
growth up to 80.05 ± 1.72 and 69.85 ± 3.26 respectively after 72hr., while the same concentration of compounds
T1 and T2 reduces the MDA-MB-231 cell growth up 70.28 ± 2.31 and 57.15 ± 1.49, respectively. The inhibition
zones of T1 and T2 were 12 mm at 50 mg/ml and 10 mm at 5 mg/ml in E. coli bacteria. Furthermore, a docking
study was carried out to investigate the affinity and binding mode of compounds T1 and T2 towards the ERα,
VEGF, and HER2 protein receptors in breast cancer cells. Data obtained from the docking study were exactly
identical to that obtained from in vitro cytotoxicity assay.

Conclusion:
The results proved that T1 is an optimal anticancer agent toward breast cancer cells and the
hemolysis study indicates the use of safety inside the body for compound T1. Synthesized compound T1 was
most effective against MCF-7 cells compared to MDA-MB-231 cells and more effective than the reference drug
tamoxifen in breast cell lines. The high cytotoxicity of T1 on the growth of MCF‐7 cells because T1 binds with a
high degree of affinity to the estrogen and HER2 receptors, which in turn inhibits cell proliferation and induces
apoptosis.
Zebrafish Avatar to Develop Precision Breast Cancer Therapies
Authors: Corsinovi Debora , Usai Alice , Sarlo Miriam De , Giannaccini Martina , Ori Michela 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a vertebrate that has become a popular alternative model for
the cellular and molecular study of human tumors and for drug testing and validating approaches. Notably,
zebrafish embryos, thanks to their accessibility, allow rapid collection of in vivo results prodromal to validation
in the murine models in respect to the 3R principles. The generation of tumor xenograft in zebrafish embryos and
larvae, or zebrafish avatar, represents a unique opportunity to study tumor growth, angiogenesis, cell invasion
and metastatic dissemination, interaction between tumor and host in vivo avoiding immunogenic rejection,
representing a promising platform for the translational research and personalized therapies.

Objective:
In this mini-review, we report recent advances in breast cancer research and drug testing that took
advantage of the zebrafish xenograft model using both breast cancer cell lines and patient’s biopsy.

Conclusion:
Patient derived xenograft, together with the gene editing, the omics biotechnology, the in vivo time
lapse imaging and the high-throughput screening that are already set up and largely used in zebrafish, could
represent a step forward towards precision and personalized medicine in the breast cancer research field.
Impact of Right Ventricular Function on Left Ventricular Torsion and Ventricular Deformations in Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Patients
Authors: Nayak Krishnananda , Razak Abdul , Megha A. , Padmakumar R. , Samantha Jyothi , Varghese Sara 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Ventricular interdependence in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by
the use of most recent echocardiographic techniques is still rare. The current case-controlled study
aims to assess left ventricular (LV) torsion in patients with PAH.

Methods:
The study included 42 cases of moderate to severe PAH and 42 age and gender-matched
healthy controls between March 2016 and January 2018. All the patients and controls undergo routine
practice echocardiography using the Vivid 7-echocardiography (2.5MHz transducer) system.

Results:
The LV twisting parameters, peak basal rotation, peak apical rotation, and twist were similar
among both cases and controls, however, LV torsion was significantly (p=0.04) impacted. Right
ventricular (RV) longitudinal deformation was clinically significant in the cases compared to controls:
RV systolic strain imaging (p=0.001, 95% CI-9.75 to -2.65), RV systolic strain rate (p=0.01,
95% CI-0.99 to -0.09), and RV late diastolic strain rate (p=0.01, 95% CI-0.64 to -0.85). Although
PAH did not impact longitudinal LV deformations significantly. At basal level circumferential
strain and strain rate were significantly impacted (p=0.005, 95% CI-4.38 to -0.70; p=0.004, 95%
CI-0.35 to -0.07) in the PAH group, while the radial strain was preserved. All RV echocardiographic
parameters and LV end-diastolic dimension, LV end-systolic volume in the PAH were affected
significantly (p=0.002, 95% CI-19.91 to -4.46; p=0.01, 95% CI-8.44 to -2.77). However, only a
weak correlation (p=0.05, r =-0.20) was found between tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion
and LV Tei index.

Conclusion:
RV pressure overload directly affects RV longitudinal systolic deformation further influences
the interventricular septal and LV geometry, which impaired LV torsion.
Peningkatan Kinerja Aparat Kampung melalui Pelatihan Komputer di Kampung Semurut
Authors: Salman Muhamad Ali 
Published: April 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan hasil program pelatihan komputer dalam meningkatkan kinerja Aparat Kampung di Kampung Semurut. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data menggunakan wawancara, pengamatan, dan analisis dokumen. Tehnik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1). Perencanaan: adanya rapat internal oleh Aparat kampung. Adanya rapat gabungan antara Aparat Kampung bersama PKBM Pusaka Indonesia, (2). Pelaksanaan: Pelatihan terselenggara sesuai jadwal. Peserta pelatihan aktif bertanya. Ada beberapa peserta pelatihan yang belum mengetahui dasar-dasar komputer bahkan cara mengoperasikan komputer, (3). Hasilnya: Peserta pelatihan mampu mengoperasikan komputer. Peserta pelatihan mampu menggunakan dasar-dasar Microsoft word, Microsoft excel dan Microsoft power point. Kepercayaan diri Aparat Kampung meningkat. Pekerjaan yang bersifat administasi dapat dikerjakan secara langsung tanpa menggunakan jasa pengetikan. Penyelenggaraan Pelatihan komputer menunjukkan adanya keberhasilan dengan meningkatnya kinerja Aparat Kampung di bidang administrasi. Village Agency Performance Improvement through Computer Trainingin Semurut Village Abstract: This study aims to determine the planning, implementation and results of computer training programs in improving the performance of village officials in Semurut Village. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Sources of data using interviews, observations, and document analysis. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data display and data verification. The results showed that (1). Planning: an internal meeting by village officials. There was a joint meeting between village officials and PKBM Pusaka Indonesia, (2). Implementation: The training is held according to schedule. Active training participants ask questions. There are some training participants who do not know the basics of computers and even how to operate computers, (3). The result: The trainees are able to operate computers. The training participants are able to use the basics of Microsoft word, Microsoft excel and Microsoft power point. The village apparatus' self-confidence increased. Administrative work can be done directly without using typing services. The implementation of computer training has shown success with the increase in the performance of village officials in the administration sector.
Systematic Review: Strategi Pemberdayaan Pelaku UMKM Menuju Ekonomi Digital Melalui Aksi Sosial
Authors: Fuadi Debi S , Akhyadi Ade Sadikin , Saripah Iip 
Published: April 2021

Abstrak: Seiring perubahan perilaku konsumen di era digital menjadi satu peluang bagi pelaku usaha kecil dan menengah (UMKM) dalam memperluas akses pasar serta menjadi tantangan beradaptasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi pemberdayaan pelaku UMKM go digital melalui aksi sosial yaitu Volunter, Komunitas UMKM, Klinik ekonomi digital, Model Desa Cerdas dan Pahlawan ekonomi dengan melakukan pendampingan secara berkelanjutan serta berkolaborasi dengan berbagai pihak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan systematic review melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu identifikasi pertanyaan penelitiaan, menetapkan data base hasil penelitian, seleksi hasil penelitian yang relevan dan terindeks, ekstarsi data, sintasi hasil dengan metode naratif dan penyajian data. Dari hasil analisis peran komunitas sosial memberikan kontribusi serta solusi terhadap permasalahan yang dihadapi untuk menekan kesenjangan arus digitalisasi antara desa dan kota. Manfaat dari penelitian ini bisa dijadikan bahan referensi dalam merancang kurikulum pengembangan dan pemberdayaan pelaku UMKM dalam menuju digitalisasi. Systematic Review: Strategies for Empowering UMKM Subject Toward a Digital Economy through Social ActionAbstract: Along with changes in consumer behavior in the digital era, there is an opportunity for small and medium enterprises (UMKM) to expand market access and become a challenge to adapt. This study aims to analyze the strategy for empowering UMKM subject to go digital through social actions, namely Volunteers, UMKM Communities, Digital Economy Clinics, Smart Village Models and Economic Heroes by providing ongoing assistance and collaborating with various parties. This study uses a systematic review approach through several stages, namely identification of research questions, establishing a data base of research results, selecting relevant and indexed research results, data extraction, synthesis of results using narrative methods and data presentation. From the results of the analysis of the role of the social community in contributing and solutions to the problems faced in reducing the gap in the flow of digitalization between villages and cities. The benefits of this research can be used as reference material in designing a curriculum for developing and empowering UMKM subject towards digitalization.
Development of harvard step test an-515 based on digital integrated technology
Authors: Nuryadin Arief , Siswantoyo Siswantoyo 
Published: April 2021

For practitioners and academission in sports, knowing the level of physical fitness is very important. One way to measure it by using the Harvard Step Test. However, measuring physical fitness using the manual Harvard Step Test often has several drawbacks. One of them is an error in the process of calculating the pulse, which results in the final result of physical fitness measurements to be less accurate. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a valid and reliable Harvard Step Test measuring instrument based on integrated digital technology. This research uses research and development methods. The small-scale trial used 10 samples from the Regional Leadership 53 Tapak Suci Klaten Pencak silat branch, while the large scale used samples from the Bantul Anggar Branch and the Jaya Raya Sleman Badminton Board. The data analysis technique used is qualitative and quantitative analysis, while the effectiveness test used the one-tailed paired sample t-test. This research resulted in a product in the form of a Harvard Step Test based on integrated digital technology which is equipped with a manual. The trial results and effectiveness show that the Harvard Step Test, which is based on integrated digital technology, is effective to measure physical fitness in all age groups. PENGEMBANGAN HARVARD STEP TES AN-515 BERBASIS DIGITAL TEKNOLOGI TERINTEGRASI AbstrakBagi praktisi dan akademisi di bidang olahraga, mengetahui tingkat kebugaran jasmani merupakan hal yang sangat penting. Salah satu cara mengukurnya adalah dengan menggunakan Harvard Step Test. Akan tetapi, mengukur kebugaran jasmani menggunakan Harvard Step Test manual seringkali memiliki beberapa kekurangan. Salah satunya adalah kesalahan dalam proses perhitungan denyut nadi, yang mengakibatkan hasil akhir dari pengukuran kebugaran jasmani menjadi kurang akurat. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dikembangkan alat ukur Harvard Step Test berbasis digital teknologi terintegrasi yang valid dan reliabel. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan. Uji coba skala kecil menggunakan sampel dari cabang Pencak silat Pimpinan Daerah 53 Tapak Suci Klaten sebanyak 10 orang, sedangkan skala besar menggunakan sampel dari Cabang Anggar Bantul dan Pengurus Besar Bulutangkis Jaya Raya Sleman. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif sedangkan pada uji efektivitas menggunakan uji one-tailed paired sample t-Test. Penelitian ini menghasilkan produk berupa Harvard Step Test berbasis digital teknologi terintegrasi yang dilengkapi buku panduan. Hasil ujicoba dan efektifitas menunjukkan bahwa Harvard Step Test yang berbasis digital teknologi terintegrasi efektif digunakan untuk mengukur kebugaran jasmani dalam semua kelompok usia.
Leisure and Problem Gaming Behaviors Among Children and Adolescents During School Closures Caused by COVID-19 in Hong Kong: Quantitative Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Zhu Shimin , Zhuang Yanqiong , Lee Paul , Li Jessica Chi-Mei , Wong Paul W C 
Published: April 2021

Background
School closures during the COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated students’ loneliness, addictive gaming behaviors, and poor mental health. These mental health issues confronting young people are of public concern.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the associations between loneliness and gaming addiction behaviors among young people in Hong Kong and to investigate how familial factors, psychological distress, and gender differences moderate these relationships.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2020 when schools reopened after 6 months of school closures. Participants included 2863 children and adolescents in primary (Grades 4 to 6) and secondary (Grades 7 and 8) schools (female participants: 1502/2863, 52.5%). Chi-square tests, one-way analyses of variance, and independent-samples t tests were performed to compare the differences of distribution in gaming addiction behaviors across gender, age, and other sociodemographic characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors that relate to excessive or pathological gaming behaviors separately, in comparison with leisure gaming.

Results
A total of 83.0% (2377/2863) of the participants played video games during the COVID-19 pandemic. The prevalence of excessive and pathological game addiction behaviors was 20.9% (597/2863) and 5.3% (153/2863), respectively. More male students had gaming addiction symptoms than female students. The multinomial logistic regressions showed that feeling lonely was associated with more problematic gaming behaviors, and the association was stronger for older female students. Low socioeconomic status, less parental support and less supervision, and poor mental health were risk factors for gaming addiction behaviors, especially among primary school students.

Conclusions
Loneliness was associated with gaming addiction behaviors; the findings from this study suggested that this association was similar across gender and age groups among young people. Familial support and supervision during school closures can protect young people from developing problematic gaming behaviors. Results of this study have implications for prevention and early intervention on behalf of policy makers and game developers.
Prasugrel and Ticagrelor in Patients with Drug-Eluting Stents and Kidney Failure
Authors: Mavrakanas Thomas A. , Kamal Omer , Charytan David M. 
Published: April 2021

Background and objectives
Prasugrel and ticagrelor have superior efficacy compared with clopidogrel in moderate CKD but have not been studied in kidney failure. The study objective is to determine the effectiveness and safety of prasugrel and ticagrelor in kidney failure.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This retrospective cohort study used United States Renal Data System data from 2012 to 2015. We identified all patients on dialysis who received a drug-eluting stent and were alive at 90 days after stent implantation. Inverse probability–weighted Cox proportional hazard models were used. Weights were estimated with propensity scores for multiple treatments.

Results
This cohort included 6648 patients on clopidogrel, 621 on prasugrel, and 449 on ticagrelor. A total of 3279 primary composite (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) and 2120 clinically relevant bleeding events were observed. The incidence of the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke at 12 months was similar across the three treatment groups. The absolute event rate in the unweighted cohort was 144 events per 100 patient-years for clopidogrel, 126 for prasugrel, and 161 for ticagrelor. For prasugrel versus clopidogrel, the weighted hazard ratio was 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.82 to 1.11; P=0.58). For ticagrelor versus clopidogrel, the hazard ratio was 1.00 (95% confidence interval, 0.83 to 1.20; P=0.98). A numerically higher incidence of clinically relevant bleeding was seen with prasugrel or ticagrelor compared with clopidogrel (weighted hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.95 to 1.38 and weighted hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.40, respectively).

Conclusions
Prasugrel or ticagrelor does not seem to be associated with significant benefits compared with clopidogrel in patients with kidney failure treated with drug-eluting stents.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2021_04_02_CJN12120720.mp3