bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Consumption Calculation and Analysis of Gas Suspension Calciner
Authors: Li Yinbao , Li Jing , Yin Rui , Zhang Mengzhen , Li Guowang , Guo Rui , Li Wenfeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Gas suspension calciner is a kind of ideal fluidization process equipment for energy economy. In order to improve the effective of gas suspension calciner, a series of effecting factors such as producer gas component, air-fuel ratio, products moisture and heat dissipation on calciner energy consumption were discussed in this paper, which is based on the research of thermal balance calculation of gas suspension calciner. The study of thermal balance calculation has significant meaning on the energy-saving and the whole refinery energy consumption.
Knowledge Mapping and Research Progress of Wind Energy Application Based on CiteSpace
Authors: Ni Chengwei , Ma Minxiang , Ye Lin , Li Jiayunrui , Tan Zhe 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The global demand for new energy has entered an unprecedented era, and the application of wind energy is one of the key contents in the development of new energy. Taking the “wind energy + application” in WOS (Web of Science) and CNKI database as the retrieval target, and the relevant papers retrieved as the research data, this paper uses the scientific knowledge mapping software (CiteSpace5) to carry out the keyword commonality analysis, cluster analysis and time mapping analysis on wind energy application scenarios.Finally, summarized research hotspots and forecasted its research trends in wind energy application scenarios in global and China. The results show that the international wind energy application research hotspots and trends are wind energy storage and wind power project site selection; In China there are offshore wind power and wind energy evaluation.
Vaccine of live attenuated Eimeria
coecicola boosts immunity against coccidiosis for sustainable rabbit production in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Hamid P H , Nugroho W S , Prastowo S , Widayanti R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Coccidiosis is one of the prominent problems in the rabbit industry. Control of coccidiosis is mainly used chemical coccidiostat as drug or as substances in feed which induce resistance development and antibiotic contamination. To date, there is no commercially available vaccine to prevent rabbit coccidiosis cases. We used live-attenuated Eimeria coecicola to induce protective immunity against rabbit coccidiosis in Yogyakarta. Pressure selection was performed to attenuate wild-type E. coecicola with lower pathogenicity but possessing the ability to induce an immune response to coccidia infection. The precocious line had reduced the prepatent period to 165 hours and 65% less oocyst production compared to wildtype. The group vaccinated with the precocious line exhibited significantly reduced total oocyst excretion compared to the non-vaccinated group (P < 0.0001) when challenged with homolog infection. Our trial showed no mortality rate and without detrimental responses of vaccinated rabbits (P < 0.0001). The excreted oocysts in post-vaccinated rabbits were found since the dosage of 5 x 102 which was presenting fecundity and the ability of E. coecicola precocious line to recirculate. Later, the recirculate oocysts may provoke a continuous flock immunity. The vaccine candidate is useful as the more environmentally friendly approach and disease prevention management for sustainable rabbit production.
Impact of Urban Environmental Quality on Industrial Total Factor Productivity-Panel Data from 251 Cities in China
Authors: Du Chunyan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
More than 70% of cities in China failed to reach air quality standards in 2017. The continuous deterioration of pollution makes for the great challenge for the reasonable flow of population, which will not be conducive to the stable development of the industrial TFP. This paper analyzes the relationship between urban environmental quality and industrial TFP through panel data from 2006 to 2013 in 251 cities. The regression model results are as follows. Firstly, urban environmental quality promotes the industrial TFP significantly. Industrial TFP of labor-intensive enterprises, non-state-owned enterprises and enterprises in central and western China are more obviously affected by urban environmental quality. Secondly, urban environmental quality generates population flow, which resulting in the change of industrial TFP. That is to say. The 1% rising of urban environmental quality, the net inflow of population will increase by 3.527%, fostering industrial TFP grow by 0.111%.
Provenances and Controlling Factors of Solutes in Surface Runoff in the Tarim River Basin, Northwest China
Authors: Wang Jian , Xu Junli , Li Yongshan , Yan Wei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Research addressing the spatial differences and evolution of river hydrochemistry can clarify the interaction between surface water-soluble substances and the environment, as well as reveal correlations between surface water quality and human activities. Here, by sampling surface runoff and taking regional geology as the background, we analyze the provenances and control factors of soluble substances in the Tarim River Basin. We found that: More than 80% of the soluble ions in surface water originated from rock weathering in the mountains. The Gibbs free energy between the ions showed that when the runoff flowed out of the mountain, the Ca2+ and HCO3
- were almost saturated. The major ion concentration rose synchronously with the runoff migration. These findings indicate that the solute of surface water mainly originated from mountainous areas. Soluble substances had difficulty entering the river channel by erosion of the scarce surface runoff.
Characteristics and traceability analysis of nitrate pollution in the Yellow River Delta, China
Authors: Xie Hanyou , Li Jing , Liu Deyao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Yellow River Delta is one of the regions with the highest nitrogen application rate in China. Because of the high-intensity development and utilization of the Yellow River Delta, a large number of nitrate inorganic nitrogen pollutants have been transported offshore through rivers, which poses a threat to the ecological environment security of the region. The distribution characteristics of nitrate pollution, the source and transport characteristics of nitrate in surface water are unclear. In this study, we collected soil and surface water samples, determined stable isotopes of water (δ2H-H2O and δ18O-H2O) and nitrate (δ15N-NO3 and δ18O-NO3), and used the Isosource model to quantitatively analyze the distribution characteristics of soil nitrate-nitrogen and source characteristics of surface water nitrate. The results showed that: (1) The average content of NO3
--N in cultivated soil was 3.99 times higher than that in non-cultivated soil, in which cornfield > cotton field > soybean field > paddy field; (2) The nitrate flux of surface water increased from upstream to downstream, which was positively correlated with basin area; (3) In the middle and upper reaches of the study area, the surface water is mainly replenished from the Yellow River water and groundwater, while the lower reaches are affected by seawater intrusion; (4) The primary source of nitrate in the study area was dominated by human activities of agricultural production and residents’ lives, with a total contribution of 60.8%. This study will provide a scientific basis for the treatment of nitrate pollution in coastal areas.
A Study on Microclimate characteristics and energy balance within near-river riparian systems
Authors: Liang Anze , Xie Changkun , Che Shengquan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRiparian microclimate studies are gaining increasing attention due to their close ecological, climatologic and aesthetic interactions with lives in both natural and urban areas. Historically, many researchers studied thermal regimes of rivers and river temperature responses to different management strategies. Near-river microclimate characteristics and relevant energy balance were not fully understood. This review documents recent research on near-river microclimatic features and energy exchanging processes, roles of macroclimate, rivers, riparian vegetation and topography play in microclimate mitigation, their ecological importance in terms of biodiversity support and human thermal comfort promotion. It also emphasizes potentials of studies on integration of rivers and plants, as well as their controls on heat exchanging. This study is hopefully useful for river scholars to strengthen the comprehension for further research, as well as for river designers and managers to make informed decisions of sustainable urban development.
Monitoring of Water Level Variations of Bosten Lake based on Ice Cloud and Land Elevation satellite-1/2 Altimetry Data
Authors: Ji Miaomiao , Hu Shanshan , Zhang Tao , Wang Hongxing , Zhou Demin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Bosten Lake is located in the arid area of China, it has experienced drastic change on water level due to the climate environment changes and human activities. Based on ICESat-1/2 satellite altimetry data, this paper extracted the water level data of Bosten Lake from 2003 to 2020, and analysed the multistage dynamics of water level. The result shows that: the overall water level of Bosten Lake appeared an upward trend from 2003 to 2020, and the annual rate of change was 0.06 m/a. From an annual perspective, the lake’s water level gradually declined from 2003 to 2009, and then continued to rise until 2020. The lake water level fluctuates in a bimodal shape during the year, and March and October are the peak water level months. The research results can provide reference for the comprehensive management of water resources utilization in arid areas.
Study of wind characteristic in Tibet with numerical simulation
Authors: Liao RongWei , Fang XiaoYi , Zhang DongBin , Zhu YuZhou , Zhang Lei , Meng Fanchao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In order to analyzed the model simulation results and studied the impact of the horizontal resolution in model during different weather process in complicated topography area in Tibet, the mean wind observation data from wind tower and high-resolution numerical model data were be used, the characteristics of the mean wind and the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in the near-surface boundary layer around the region of the wind tower point and comparison point were analyzed. The results showed that the mean wind observation data were a well consistency. With time variations, the mean value of ten minute wind speed were an upward trend over time during different strong wind weather systems. The air flow and the spatial distribution of TKE were consistent around the region of the wind tower point and comparison point. The air flowed from high elevation areas (mountain ridge) to the low elevation areas (mountain valley) during different resolution numerical model data. Comparative analysis of different resolutions simulation results, the higher-resolution simulation result showed more clear in the characteristics of the air flow. The correlation had increased considerably between the different times of the mean value of the ten minute wind speed or TKE on the vertical layers, as well as the bias was decreased.
Characteristics of Pyrethroid Pesticide Residues in Soil of Shenyang, China
Authors: Song Xueying , Zhang Xu , You Mingchao , Zhao Xiaoxu , Wang Xing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Pyrethroid residues in the surface soils and among different soil layers of the open fields and greenhouse soils of Shenyang, China, were analyzed. In addition, the relationship between the soil properties and the pesticide residues was also assessed. Results showed that the detection rates of the pyrethroids were high and multiple pyrethroid pesticides were detected and the average level of trans–cypermethrin was 73.05 μg/kg, which was the highest among the concentration of all test pyrethroids. The detection rate and the residual amount of the same pyrethroid residues were at the low levels in different regions around Shenyang. Comparing the pyrethroid concentrations in greenhouse and the open fields, the residues in greenhouse were higher than those in the open fields. In different soil layers, the pesticide residues were found mainly in the 0-20cm soil layer, and there were no significant differences among the soil depths of 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 80 cm and 100 cm. Statistical analysis results showed that the residues of fenvalerate were more with the increase of pH value. Organic matter contents were positively correlated with the residues of α-cypermethrin and cypermethrin, and negatively correlated with the residues of lambdacyhalothrin.
New technique to synthesize silicon nitride nanopowder by discharge-assisted reaction of silane and ammonia
Authors: Hammadi Oday A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this work, the chemical reaction of silane and ammonia gases was induced and assisted by electric power transferred to the reaction volume throughout argon discharge at pressures of about 3 mbar. This power was applied to the reaction volume as short pulses with different durations to produce highly-pure polycrystalline Si3N4 nanoparticles. The number of crystal planes was decreased by using shorter pulses of discharge power. The minimum nanoparticle size was 26.10 nm for the sample prepared using discharge pulse duration of 0.1 ms. This is the first attempt to employ fast discharge pulses to induce and assist the chemical reaction of silane and ammonia to produce highly-pure silicon nitride nanopowders.
Introduction
Authors: Tyler Amanda L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Introduction provides an overview of the history of the writ of habeas corpus and an overview of the book, which tells the story of what is sometimes known as “the Great Writ” as it has unfolded in Anglo-American law. The primary jurisdictions explored are Great Britain and the United States, yet many aspects of this story will ring familiar to those in other countries with a robust habeas tradition. The book chronicles the longstanding role of the common law writ of habeas corpus as a vehicle for reviewing detentions for conformity with underlying law, as well as the profound influence of the English Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 on Anglo-American law. The Introduction highlights how the writ has at times failed to live up to its glorification by Blackstone and others, while noting that at other times it has proven invaluable to protection of liberty, including as a vehicle for freeing slaves and persons confined solely based on a King’s whim.
The limits and potential of habeas corpus
Authors: Tyler Amanda L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This chapter details how in the Habeas Corpus Act, Parliament took control of the law of detention and established a powerful check on executive authority. But the Act’s limitations quickly came to light, including geographic limitations and the ability of Parliament to circumvent the Act with bills of attainder. Parliament also created the concept of suspension, by which it passed legislation to displace the Act’s protections for a period of time. This chapter details the early suspensions, their legalization of extra-judicial detentions, and how on their lapsing the habeas privilege sprang back to life. The chapter also highlights the continuing importance of the common law writ in cases to which the Act did not apply, such as slave cases. In particular, as explored in the chapter, Somerset’s Case is an example of just how powerful the common law writ could be not just in protecting—but also expanding—liberty.
Habeas corpus in the early United States
Authors: Tyler Amanda L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This chapter details the creation of American federal courts and their vesting with habeas jurisdiction. It likewise explores the failure of Thomas Jefferson to convince his Congress to enact a suspension to address the so-called Burr Conspiracy and how even the return of the British in the War of 1812 did not lead to a suspension, revealing an early reluctance to invoke the dramatic authority. The chapter concludes by exploring the continuing importance of the common law writ as a writ of liberty in slave cases, highlighting how judges in Northern abolitionist states used the common law writ to frustrate fugitive slave laws while often relying upon Lord Mansfield’s opinion in Somerset’s Case as support for a robust habeas writ in this context. The chapter concludes by noting that these cases laid the groundwork for a future expansive role for the writ that would come during the American Reconstruction period.
World War II and the demise of the Great Writ
Authors: Tyler Amanda L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This chapter explores the role of habeas corpus during World War II in the US and Great Britain. On the American side, the chapter details how suspension ruled in the Hawaiian Territory but the mass incarceration of Japanese Americans on the mainland followed in the absence of a suspension under Executive Order 9066. As the chapter details, this happened even though lawyers counselled President Franklin D. Roosevelt that doing so would violate the Suspension Clause. The chapter continues by contrasting the experience in Britain, where Prime Minister Winston Churchill led the push to retreat from its citizen detention program under Regulation 18B and restore a robust habeas privilege. The chapter also compares habeas decisions rendered by the high courts in both countries while asking larger questions about what can be learned from these events.
Habeas corpus today
Authors: Tyler Amanda L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This chapter takes the story of habeas corpus forward to present day, giving special attention to how the writ serves as a vehicle for courts to evaluate a range of immigration matters as well as the legality of the detention of prisoners in modern armed conflicts, including most prominently the war on terrorism. As the chapter reveals, studying how habeas functions in these contexts underscores both the writ’s potential as well as its limitations. The chapter explores in depth how the US Supreme Court has both protected a role for the writ in immigration cases but more recently moved to limiting such a role. It continues by exploring the intersection of terrorism and habeas corpus in both Great Britain and the US, highlighting the continuing influence of the common law writ of habeas corpus and the ever diminishing influence of the English Habeas Corpus Act and suspension model.
Depressive symptom heterogeneity among older adults after hip fracture
Authors: Kirk Jennifer M , Magaziner Jay , Shardell Michelle D , Ryan Alice S , Gruber-Baldini Ann L , Orwig Denise , Hochberg Marc C , Rathbun Alan M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objective
to evaluate patterns of depressive symptoms after hip fracture and examine their impact on functional recovery.

Methods
participants (n = 304) included older adults from the Baltimore Hip Studies 7th cohort who experienced a hip fracture. Depressive symptoms were measured at baseline or 2-, 6- or 12-month post-hip fracture using the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Gait speed was measured after hip fracture at 2-, 6- or 12-month follow-up. Latent class analysis was used to identify individuals with similar patterns of depressive symptoms after hip fracture. Item response probabilities characterised symptom profiles, and posterior probability estimates were used to assign participants to a baseline depressive symptom subtype. Weighted estimated equations compared post-fracture gait speed between baseline symptomatic and asymptomatic groups.

Results
four patterns of depressive symptoms were identified: asymptomatic (50.8%), somatic (28.6%), melancholic (11.4%) and anhedonic (9.2%). The somatic subtype was characterised by difficultly concentrating and reduced energy and movement, whereas anhedonic symptoms were associated with the inability to experience pleasure. Melancholic symptoms corresponded to anhedonia, decreased physical activity and other psychological and somatic complaints. Compared with the asymptomatic group, somatic symptoms were consistently associated with slower gait speed, −0.03 metres per second (m/s) and between-group differences for melancholic symptomology were as large as −0.05 m/s, but the associations were not statistically significant.

Conclusion
findings demonstrate unique depressive symptom subtypes in older adults after hip fracture and provide confirmatory evidence of unique clinical phenotypes; however, their impact on functional recovery after hip fracture remains unclear.
Cell fate conversion prediction by group sparse optimization method utilizing single-cell and bulk OMICs data
Authors: Qin Jing , Hu Yaohua , Yao Jen-Chih , Leung Ricky Wai Tak , Zhou Yongqiang , Qin Yiming , Wang Junwen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cell fate conversion by overexpressing defined factors is a powerful tool in regenerative medicine. However, identifying key factors for cell fate conversion requires laborious experimental efforts; thus, many of such conversions have not been achieved yet. Nevertheless, cell fate conversions found in many published studies were incomplete as the expression of important gene sets could not be manipulated thoroughly. Therefore, the identification of master transcription factors for complete and efficient conversion is crucial to render this technology more applicable clinically. In the past decade, systematic analyses on various single-cell and bulk OMICs data have uncovered numerous gene regulatory mechanisms, and made it possible to predict master gene regulators during cell fate conversion. By virtue of the sparse structure of master transcription factors and the group structure of their simultaneous regulatory effects on the cell fate conversion process, this study introduces a novel computational method predicting master transcription factors based on group sparse optimization technique integrating data from multi-OMICs levels, which can be applicable to both single-cell and bulk OMICs data with a high tolerance of data sparsity. When it is compared with current prediction methods by cross-referencing published and validated master transcription factors, it possesses superior performance. In short, this method facilitates fast identification of key regulators, give raise to the possibility of higher successful conversion rate and in the hope of reducing experimental cost.