bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lockdown and its Impact on Food and Exercise Study
Authors: Vimalraj Amrutha Varshini , George Neethu , Sundaram Vivek , Anbarasi M. , Manoranjitham R. , Shanmugam Vimalraj Bogana 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
The COVID-19 pandemic had enforced several restrictions which were necessary to abate the spread of the virus, however, the blow of these limitations on health behaviors and lifestyles remains vague. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess the behavioral and lifestyle consequences of complete lockdown during the pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
The Lockdown and its Impact on Food and Exercise study was a pilot study conducted in the form of a questionnaire which was handed out to the public and circulated electronically. The questions regarding exercise were adapted from the International physical activity questionnaire and those regarding food habits were taken from the Public Library of Science and the Self-regulation of Eating Behavior Questionnaire. This survey was conducted from March 28 to April 14, 2020, during which a complete lockdown prevailed.

Results:
The COVID-19 complete lockdown had a negative impact on all intensity exercise levels, vigorous exercise (64.34% vs. 41.20%, P ≤ 0.00001), moderate exercise (95.67% vs. 84.57%, P ≤ 0.00001), and walking (55.42% vs. 42.89%, P = 0.0003). Food consumption and meal patterns (58.55% vs. 47.95%, P = 0.0022) were also more unhealthy (78.60% vs. 87.94%, P = 0.0096) during complete lockdown with only the consumption of late night snack decreasing significantly.

Conclusion:
The results of this analysis indicate that physical activity had decreased significantly and eating behaviors were unhealthy. Hence, our survey will help to develop interventions which would potentially alleviate these negative lifestyle and nutrition behaviors.
Case Report on Surgery-First Approach
Authors: Bhattacharya Preeti , Chandana Anil Kumar , Bhandari Ravi , Singh Shivani , Tiwari Dhruv K , Sah Sushila 
Published: December 2021

The Rationale:
The surgery-first approach provides immediate improvement in facial aesthetics in orthognathic cases with a shorter total treatment period.

Patient Concerns:
A 21-year-old male came with the chief complaint of protrusive lower front teeth and a large lower jaw. His main concern was aesthetics.

Diagnosis:
This was a case of skeletal Class III malocclusion with reverse overjet of 4 mm, overbite of 6 mm with a concave profile, and a protrusive chin.

Treatment:
The patient was treated by bilateral sagittal split setback osteotomy of the mandible with surgery first approach via nonextraction therapy.

Outcome:
After an active treatment of 15 months, improved facial profile, facial proportions, and a significant reduction of mandibular prognathism were much appreciated. The treatment results were stable after a 1-year follow-up of the treatment.

Take-away Lesson:
This case report highlights the utilization of nature's dental decompensation to achieve a desirable result, thereby attaining “more with less.”
Detection of Rare Blood Group Ax Phenotype in Blood Donor
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Bala Bhasker P. M. , Jain Romesh , Chandra Avineesh 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Karl Landsteiner discovered ABO blood group system in early 20th century, but still, uncertainty remains in immune-hematology while detection of ABO subgroups or weaker variants. The presence of weak subgroups in blood donor samples gives rises to discrepancy in forward (cell) and reverse (serum) grouping.

Methods and Materials:
We here report a case of the 'A' weak Rh 'D' Positive, Probably Ax Phenotype in a blood donor who came for replacement donation at our blood bank. The blood group discrepancy was resolved by using serological testing, Adsorption elution technique and saliva secretor study.

Results:
Blood grouping by the tube technique showed no reaction was shown with anti-B, a faint reaction with anti-A, 1+ agglutination with Anti-AB, and a significant reaction (4+) with anti-D and anti-H. The patient's serum showed the presence of anti-B antibody as well as anti-A1. Result for eluate showed microscopic agglutination (1+) with group A cells and a negative reaction with group B cells and saliva secretor study showed having only H substance.

Conclusion:
This report highlights the importance of cell and serum grouping in solving blood group discrepancy in blood donors. This rare phenotype in a donor is first of its kind reported from India.
Low Glomerular Filtration Rate in Apparently Healthy Young Individuals is an Important Factor Preventing Kidney Transplantation from Living Kidney Donors – A Single-Center Observational Study from India
Authors: Parameswaran Sreejith , Kulothungan Saravanan Adaikalam , Ponnusamy Madhusudhanan , Reddi Sivakumar , Haridasan Satish , Manikandan Ramanitharan , Pillai Puthenpurackal Priyamvada Sivan , Vazhayil Arjun , Lalgudi Dorairajan Narayanan , Sreenivasan Sreerag Kodakkattil , Radhakrishnan Jai 
Published: December 2021

Background:
India performed 7936 kidney transplantation operations in 2018 with living donor as the source in 85%. Identifying a living kidney donor (LKD) is difficult due to medical, social, and regulatory barriers. In addition, only a proportion of patients who volunteer may be able to donate eventually. Despite living donors being the predominant source, there are very few studies addressing the factors influencing living donor kidney donation in India.

Methods:
We analyzed data from our prospective LKD registry between July 1, 2011 and June 31, 2018. Demographic details, medical history, serum creatinine, and measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR), blood pressure and the eventual outcome of LKD evaluation, including reason for noneligibility were collected. In a prospective cohort of 12 LKDs, renal functional reserve was studied using protein loading and dietary protein intake was measured from urine urea nitrogen excretion.

Results:
Over a period of 81 months, 316 LKDs were enrolled in our program. On 101 instances factors related to recipients prevented transplantation and on 92 occasions donor related factors precluded donation. Among 182 medically eligible LKDs with no evidence of CKD, only 33% had mGFR >90 ml/min/1.73 m2. Based on our institutional criteria, 22% of LKDs with mGFR <70 ml/min/1.73 m2 were ineligible solely based this criterion. Eventually, only 32% of enrolled LKDs were accepted for donation. Dietary protein intake was low in all 12 LKDs studied, only one had mGFR >90 ml/min/1.73 m2. Eight LKDs with mGFR <90 ml/min/1.73 m2 showed renal functional reserve of more than 20% with protein loading.

Conclusion:
Only one-third of voluntary kidney donors enrolled for evaluation were eventually able to donate their kidney. Low mGFR in otherwise apparently healthy LKDs was an important reason precluding kidney donation. Only 33% of individual found medically fit for donation had a mGFR ≥90 ml/min/m2 at our center. Low dietary protein intake may be a factor contributing to low mGFR in healthy LKDs.
Clinical usefulness of intermediate-dose dexmedetomidine (0.75 μg/kg) in flexible bronchoscopy – A prospective, randomized, double-blinded study
Authors: Magazine Rahul , Antony Thomas , Chogtu Bharti , Prabhudev Amithash Marulaiah , Surendra Vyshak Uddur , Guddattu Vasudeva 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Dexmedetomidine, although an effective drug for conscious sedation during flexible bronchoscopy, has occasional side effects on the cardiovascular system which need to be addressed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Patients between 18 and 65 years, requiring diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy, found eligible, after screening, were randomized to either receive 0.75 μg/kg intravenous dexmedetomidine over 10 min or intravenous midazolam 0.035 mg/kg over 1 min. Composite score was used as the primary outcome measure. Additional parameters recorded were: Hemodynamic variables, oxygen saturation, Ramsay sedation score, for pain intensity and distress Numerical Rating Scale, number of rescue medication doses, ease of doing bronchoscopy, Visual Analog Scale score for cough and response of the patient 24 h after bronchoscopy.

RESULTS:
In each group, 24 patients were enrolled. The composite score was in the ideal category in 24 patients in dexmedetomidine group and 21 in midazolam group, at nasopharynx (P = 0.234). The corresponding values at the level of trachea were 23 and 16 (P = 0.023). In dexmedetomidine group, patient response after 24 h of bronchoscopy showed quality of sedation to be excellent in 0 subjects, good in 13, fair in 9 and poor in 2 and discomfort to be nil in 7, mild 10, moderate in 7 and severe in 0. The corresponding values in midazolam group for quality of sedation were 0, 4, 14, 6, and for discomfort 0, 10, 14, 0. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for cough revealed a mean score of 0.800 and 1.812 (P = 0.011) during and 2.092 and 3.542 (P = 0.016) 24 h after bronchoscopy in the respective study groups.

CONCLUSION:
Low-dose dexmedetomidine (0.75 μg/kg single dose) appears to provide better patient comfort and equivalent safety profile when compared with midazolam.
A comparison of endometrial sampling histopathology by Pipelle curette versus Karman cannula in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding at a tertiary care hospital in Northwest Rajasthan
Authors: Solanki Kirti , Kochar Swati , Poonia Laxmi , Gaur Priyanka , Poonia Krishna , Choudhary Shweta 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common and devastating condition affecting women of all ages. Among all patients attending gynecology outpatient department clinic, more than one-third patients are related to AUB, and this proportion rises to 70% in the perimenopausal and postmenopausal age. The condition has a high reported prevalence rate of 17.9% in India.

Aims and Objective:
To compare endometrial sampling histopathology by Pipelle curette versus Karman cannula in patients with AUB at a tertiary care hospital in Northwest Rajasthan.

Materials and Methods:
It was a prospective study conducted on 100 female patients of all age groups attending the department of obstetrics and gynecology over a period of 1 year with clinical diagnosis of AUB. After detailed history, examination, and relevant investigations, each patient was subjected first to endometrial aspiration using Pipelle curette followed by endometrial aspiration using Karman cannula No. 4. Samples collected were sent for histopathological assessment and the results were compared.

Results:
In our study, in 84% of cases, samples obtained by both Pipelle curette and Karman cannula were adequate. In 5% of cases, samples were inadequate by both methods. In 10% of cases, Karman cannula sample was adequate, but Pipelle curette sample was inadequate. In 1% of cases, sample could not be obtained by both procedures due to stenosed nulliparous cervix with large fibroid obstructing cervical os. Considering Karman cannula as the standard, Pipelle curette endometrial sampling demonstrated 100% sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV), and accuracy with regard to diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia. For secretory endometrium, the corresponding values were 76.5%, 100%, 100%, 95.4%, and 99%, respectively. With regard to proliferative endometrium, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 92%, 96%, 98.6%, 80%, and 93%, respectively. With regard to atrophic endometrium, specificity, NPV, and accuracy were 100%, 99%, and 99%, respectively. Pipelle curette had a concordance rate of 87.5% with hysterectomy specimen, while Karman cannula had a concordance rate of 100%.

Conclusion:
Both Pipelle curette and Karman cannula endometrial aspiration biopsy are easy to perform, efficient, and safe outpatient endometrial sampling procedure in recognizing the endometrial lesions including malignancy and endometrial hyperplasia; however, Karman cannula had more adequate sample than Pipelle curette.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL WHATSAPP SEBAGAI WADAH INTERAKSI ANTAR ANGGOTA KELOMPOK FANBASE GHEALWAYS
Authors: Wenerda Indah , Wiwin Widayanti  
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAK
Aplikasi WhatsApp saat ini banyak dimanfaankan oleh fanbase sebagai wadah berkomunikasi antaranggotanya, tak terkecuali fanbase Ghealways yang menjadikan aplikasi WhatsApp sebagai wadah tempat untuk berkomunikasi dan berdiskusi antar para anggotanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui dan memahami sejauh mana pemanfaatan media sosial WhatsApp sebagai wadah interaksi antaranggota kelompok fanbase Ghealways. Penelitian ini menggunkan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode netnografi dan pengumpulan data observasi. Media sosial WhatsApp sebagai wadah interaksi antaranggota kelompok fanbase Ghealways sebagai objek penelitian yang dianalisi dengan menggunakan teori komunikasi, new media, dan cyber media. Hasil dari penelitian ini antara lain: berbagi informasi tentang Ghea Indrawari, membahas hal-hal yang banyak dibicarakan orang tentang fashion, game online, berbagi cerita tentang cerita pribadi atau bercanda antar anggota kelompok. Namun, grup Ghealways juga memiliki aktivitas online dan offline yang diikuti oleh anggotanya.
Hacia una sociología del libro y la lectura en el Perú: consumo cultural y distinción social en el Mercado de Libros Amazonas
Authors: Canelo Rodrigo 
Published: December 2021

El mercado de libros en el jirón Amazonas (Lima), conocido también como la ‘Feria de libros Amazonas’, no es solo un lugar en donde se compran libros según una racionalidad económica, sino que también es un espacio que presenta una experiencia de consumo cultural donde se expresan los valores simbólicos que se suelen atribuir al libro y la lectura. La pregunta que guio esta investigación fue la siguiente: ¿Por qué los libros y la lectura son importantes y necesarios para los agentes en el mercado de libros del jirón Amazonas?
Este es un estudio de caso que planteó un diseño de investigación mixto el cual se sostiene en 29 entrevistas, una encuesta representativa a los visitantes del mercado de libros y una experiencia etnográfica de observación y participación. La investigación encontró que los discursos sobre el libro y la lectura tienen un efecto importante en las relaciones sociales de los agentes, pero también en el sentido con el que practican la lectura o dejan de hacerlo.
Examples of the Most Prominent Contemporary Challenges in the Science of Da’wah
Authors: Bn Ghaleb Hassan Muhammad 
Published: December 2021

تعرض الباحث في بحثه إلى بيان تعاريف الدعوة وأهميتها، ومنزلتها في الشريعة الإسلامية. وتحدث في البحث عن أبرز التحديات التي تواجه الدعوة المعاصرة والتي تتمثل في المطالب الثلاثة وهي: المطلب الأول: التحديات في الساحة الدعوية. المطلب الثاني: التحديات في المؤلفات الدعوية. المطلب الثالث: التحديات في تأهيل الدعاة. تطرق في المطلب الأول إلى أبرز التحديات في الميدان الدعوي، ومن ذلك تعدد وجود المناهج المخالفة والتي تخالف المنهج العلمي والوسطي الذي جاء به الإسلام. واقترح الباحث عدة حلول في ذلك، منها: أولا: قيام الجهات الحكومية الدينية بدورها الفعال في مراقبة الأنشطة الدعوية والتوعية بخطر الحزبيات الدعوية. وفي المطلب الثاني بيّن الباحث أهمية التأليف في علم الدعوة ، وبيّن الخلل الواقع في هذا الباب والمتمثل في: التأليف المتكرر لنفس المسائل، والمؤلفات التي تحمل نصرة المناهج الباطلة، وذكر جملة من الاقتراحات في ذلك. وفي الثالث: تحدث الباحث عن أهمية تأهيل الدعاة التأهيل العلمي والتقني والمعرفي، لمواكبة تطورات العصر، وتقدم العلوم. ثم ختم بحثه بالنتائج التي توصل إليها، سائلا الله للجميع التوفيق والسداد.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الدعوة، التحديات، المناهج المخالفة
Abstract
In his research, the researcher discussed the definitions of Dawah (calling to Allah), its importance, and its status in Islamic legislation. He spoke in his research about the most prominent challenges that face modern-day Dawah, which are represented by three issues, and they are: The first issue: Challenges in the field of Dawah. The second issue: Challenges in authored books concerning Dawah. The third issue: Challenges in preparing callers to Allah. In his discussion of the first issue, he touched upon the most prominent challenges in the field of Dawah, from which is the multiplicity and presence of opposing Manahij (the way groups of people choose to practice religion, and their beliefs) that are against the scholastic and moderate Manhaj that Islam came with. The researcher also suggested several solutions for that, from amongst them is: Firstly: Governmental religious authorities should play an active role in monitoring religious activities and raising awareness of the dangers of dawah partisans. In his discussion of the second issue, the researcher clarified the importance of authoring books in the science of Dawah, and clarified the flaw present in this field, which is: Repetitive authorship of the same issues and books that aid false manahij, and presented a group of suggestions concerning that. And in the discussion of the third issue: The researcher spoke about the importance of preparing and qualifying callers to Allah, a scholastic preparation, a technical preparation, and a knowledge-related preparation, and that is to enable them to keep pace with the developments of the time, and the advancement of sciences. And finally, he ended his research with the conclusions he reached, asking Allah tawfeeq and correctness for all
Keywords: Dawah, Challenges, Multiplicity
The Impact of Cartoon Films and Technological Games on the Creed of a Muslim Child, an Analytical Study
Authors: Muhammad Abdoh Muhammad Alsayyid 
Published: December 2021

هدفت الدراسة إلى إبراز خطورة الرسوم المتحركة والألعاب التكنولوجية؛ خاصة على عقيدة الطفل المسلم والتي تؤثر تباعًا على سلوكه اجتماعيا ونفسيًا وثقافيًا، وقد تم الاعتماد على المنهج التحليلي في عرض نماذج من هذه الرسوم والألعاب، ومدى تأثيرهما عليه. وتأتي إشكالية البحث في أن هذه الألعاب والرسوم نشأت في بيئة غير إسلامية-مناسبة لها- ثم انتشرت بعد ذلك إلى الدول الإسلامية حاملة معها أفكارًا وسلوكيات؛ لكنها مخالفة لعقيدة الطفل المسلم، مما كان لها تأثير على عقلية المسلم صغيرًا أو كبيرًا، وأصبح العلماء يختلفون في حكم هذه الرسوم والألعاب، نظرًا لتأثيرهما إيجابيا وسلبيًا. وقد أظهرت النتائج أن هذه الرسوم المتحركة والألعاب الإلكترونية تعد من النوازل العقدية المعاصرة التي ينبغي إظهار الحكم الشرعي فيها بما يتناسب مع هذه النازلة، والالتزام بالضوابط التي لا تخالف شرع الله تعالى.
الكلمات المفاتيح: العقيدة، النوازل، الأفلام الكرتونية، الألعاب الإلكترونية.
Abstract
The research aims at recognizing the danger of animation and Technological games, especially on the Muslim child's Creed which in turn affect his social, psychological, and cultural behavior. The analytical method has been used to display examples of these games and animation and their influence. The dilemma of the research is that such games and animation have been created in a non-muslim environment then spread in the Islamic countries in cluding ideas and behaviors suitable for them, but they are contrary to the muslim child's creed which has an influence on the young or old muslim's mentality. The Sharia scholars disagree on the issue of these games and animation whether they affect negatively or positively. The results showed that these electronic games and animation are among the contemporary doctrinal catastrophes in which the injunction of Sharia should be shown in proportion to such catastrophe and adherence to the dictums that do not violate the law of God Almighty.
Keywords: creed, catastrophe, animation, electronic games.
Provisions for Entitlement to Wages when Benefits are not Satisfied Contemporary Applications in Judicial Rulings Kuwait as a Model
Authors: Badr Al-Uthman Abdullatif 
Published: December 2021

يحتوي البحث على دراسة مشروعية إنقاص الأجرة في العقود المستمرة من خلال أحكام وضع الجوائح في الشريعة الإسلامية مقارنة بالقانون التجاري في دولة الكويت، وتتضمن الدراسة أيضاً الحديث عن علاقة الأجرة بالمنفعة والإلزام في التعاقد، وبيان نظرية الظروف الطارئة، وما يترتب على ذلك من الإلزام في دفع الأجرة كاملة، كما يحدث في وقت إغلاق المحلات التجارية كإجراء احترازي صحي من الحكومة، لتخفيف الوباء المنتشر، وكيف يلزم المستأجر بآثار العقد وهو غير قادر على الانتفاع الكامل؟ خصوصا أن فترة الإجراءات الاحترازية قد وصلت لعدة أشهر، وتراكمت الديون والخسائر على الطرفين، وقد ظهرت أحكام قضائية في المحكمة بإنقاص أجرة العقار في فترة الإغلاق الحكومي، وهنا سيتم المقارنة بين أحكام الشريعة الإسلامية، والقانون التجاري، والأحكام النهائية في مشروعية إنقاص الأجرة.
Abstract
The research contains a study of the legality of reducing wages in continuous contracts through the provisions of the status of pandemics in Islamic Sharia compared to commercial law in the State of Kuwait. The study also includes discussion about the relationship of wages to benefit and obligation in contracting, and a statement of the theory of emergency conditions, and the consequent obligation to pay the full rent, as happens at the time of closing the shops as a health precaution from the government, to mitigate the spreading the epidemic, and how does the tenant obligate the effects of the contract when he is unable to fully benefit? Especially since the period of precautionary measures has reached for several months, and debts and losses have accumulated on both parties, and judicial rulings have appeared in the court to reduce the rent of the property during the period of government closure, and here the comparison will be made between the provisions of Islamic Sharia, the Commercial Law, and the final rulings on the legality of reducing the rent.
Symbolism and semantics of the Ob Ugrians festive costume
Authors: Харитонова А.С. , Илауски К.Е. 
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена исследованию символики и семантики праздничного костюма обских угров (народности ханты и манси). Использованы описательный и компаративный методы. Отмечается, что цветовой «словарь» данных народностей максимально конкретен и основан на непосредственном восприятии, поэтому «образы» цветов реалистичны и мифологичны одновременно. Соответственно, каждый цвет несет особую смысловую нагрузку, что детально рассмотрено на примере коллекции вышитой праздничной одежды остяков (ханты) «Узоры Конды». Показано, что костюм можно воспринимать как текст, прочитав который можно понять смысл его цветовой, орнаментальной, архитектурной текстуры. Резюмировано, что праздничный костюм обских угров — не только самобытное явление художественной традиции Западной Сибири, но и итог многовековой коммуникации между соседними народами.
The article is devoted to the study of the symbolism and semantics of the festive costume of the Ob Ugrians (the Khanty and Mansi peoples). Descriptive and comparative methods were used. It is noted that the color "vocabulary" of these ethnic groups is as specific as possible and based on direct perception, therefore, the "images" of colors are realistic and mythological at the same time. Accordingly, each color carries a special semantic load, which is examined in detail on the example of the collection of embroidered festive clothes of the Ostyaks (Khanty) "Kondy Patterns". It is shown that the costume can be perceived as a text, after reading which one can understand the meaning of its color, ornamental, architectural texture. It is summarized that the festive costume of the Ob Ugrians is not only an original phenomenon in the artistic tradition of Western Siberia, but also the result of centuries-old communication between neighboring peoples.