bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Thyroid Storm
Authors: Waqar Zainulabedin , Avula Sindhu , Shah Jay , Ali Syed Sohail 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Context
Thyroid storm can present as a multitude of symptoms, the most significant being cardiovascular (CV). It is associated with various manifestations such as cardiac arrhythmia, heart failure, and ischemia. However, the frequencies of events and characteristics associated with patients that experience these events are not known.

Methods
Study cohort was derived from the National Inpatient Sample database from January 2012 to September 2015. Total hospitalizations of thyroid storm were identified using appropriate ICD-9 diagnostic codes. The analysis was performed using SAS.

Objective
To better understand the frequency and characteristics CV occurrences associated with thyroid storm, through a retrospective analysis of thyroid storm hospital admissions.

Design
The study cohort was derived from the National Inpatient Sample database from January 2012 to September 2015.

Setting
Total hospitalizations of thyroid storm were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 diagnostic codes. The analysis was performed using Statistical Analysis System (SAS).

Results
A total of 6380 adult hospitalizations were included in the final analysis, which includes 3895 hospitalizations with CV events (CEs). Most frequently associated CEs were arrhythmia (N = 3770) followed by acute heart failure (N = 555) and ischemic events (N = 150). Inpatient mortality was significantly higher in patients with CEs compared with those without CEs (3.5% vs 0.2%, P &lt; 0.005). The median length of stay was also higher in patients with CEs compared with those without CEs (4 days vs 3 days, P &lt; 0.0005). Atrial fibrillation was the most common arrhythmia type, followed by nonspecified tachycardia.

Conclusions
In patients who were hospitalized due to thyroid storm and associated CEs significantly increased in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and cost. Patients with obesity, alcohol abuse, chronic liver disease, and COPD were more likely to have CEs. Patients with CV complications were at higher risk for mortality. In-hospital mortality increased with ischemic events and acute heart failure. Further evaluation is needed to further classify the type of arrhythmias and associated mortality.
Monitoring the Release of Silver from a Supramolecular Fullerene C60-AgNO3 Nanomaterial
Authors: Hill Jonathan P , Shrestha Rekha Goswami , Song Jingwen , Ji Qingmin , Ariga Katsuhiko , Shrestha Lok Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Release of silver from the supramolecular fullerene-silver(I) nitrate complex C60(AgNO3)5 was investigated. Silver(I) nitrate release from the complex on treatment with solvent was monitored using the small molecule organo-supergelator 1-phenyl-3-(quinolin-5-yl)urea, which interacts selectively with AgNO3 yielding a stable gel whose extent (i.e. volume fraction of solvent gelated) and persistence indicate that Ag+ cations are continuously released from the complex when immersed in 2-propanol over extended periods of time. The effect of AgNO3 release on the morphology of the C60(AgNO3)5 complex crystals was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy showing that AgNO3 is concurrently deposited as silver nanoparticles at the crystal-solution interface onto an insoluble C60 crystalline framework. Silver release was also monitored potentiometrically revealing emergence of Ag nanoparticles. Initial intense release of Ag+ (in the form of AgNO3) is followed by reductive fixing of silver in nanoparticulate form for longer term bactericidal activity. The latter was established by observing viability of bacterial colonies in aqueous medium where their growth was essentially arrested when C60(AgNO3)5 crystals were present in the medium in contrast to the case for pristine C60 where colony growth proceeded unhindered. Cell proliferation studies using HeLa cell line revealed that C60(AgNO3)5 crystals also exhibit antiproliferative properties in aqueous media.
Alcoholic pontine myelinolysis: beware the stroke mimic
Authors: Kusel Kieran , Azzam Omar , Youssef Adam , Prentice David 
Published: March 2021

Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM), often referred to as osmotic demyelination syndrome, is most commonly seen in the setting of rapid correction of hyponatraemia. Although imaging is the key to diagnosis, conventional CT and MRI findings often lag the clinical manifestations and characteristic MRI changes may be delayed by up to 14 days. We present a case of a 45-year-old female with an extensive history of alcohol misuse and malnutrition who presented with left hemiparesis, initially suspected to be a stroke. This was following a recent hospital admission when she was managed for Wernicke’s encephalopathy and treated with electrolyte and vitamin replacement. As part of a “code stroke” protocol, CT was initially performed. The initial non-contrast CT brain and CT angiogram of the intracranial arteries were normal, but a CT brain perfusion study demonstrated increased pontine blood flow. A subsequent MRI of the brain confirmed CPM, which was congruent with her clinical course. This case highlights the importance of osmotic demyelination as a stroke mimic. CPM should be considered in alcoholic patients with neurological impairment regardless of serum sodium. To our knowledge, this is the first published case which illustrates CT perfusion changes in CPM. MRI, however, remains essential for diagnosis.
Community-networks that facilitate engagement in health research: Ifakara Health Research Institute-Bagamoyo case study
Authors: Bategereza Leah , Olotu Ally , Kamuya Dorcas 
Published: March 2021

Background: Involvement of communities in the field of health research has been at the forefront of what is considered as ethical conduct of research. A commonly used approach is regular meetings with locally recognized community leaders to consult about research activities, i.e. community engagement. At the Ifakara Health Research Institute (IHI) in Bagamoyo, Tanzania, different approaches to engaging with the community in health research have been used, but there has not been a systematic understanding of the functioning of the community network that is engaged within health research. Methods: To understand the community networks engaged in health research, perceptions of community stakeholders and researchers on the functionality of the community networks was performed. We conducted six focus group discussions with respondents who have participated in IHI research for the past five years and 49 in-depth interviews. Results: Community networks involved in engagement were influenced by the type of research project and kind of participants needed. Different community networks were involved in engagement activities, namely village executive officers, community health workers, hamlet leaders, nurses, doctors and community advisory boards. Approaches used during engagement processes to inform potential participants about the work of IHI and specific studies that are undertaken were useful in passing key information, however, they did not always reach the target population due to having limited levels of interaction with potential participants. Participants and researchers suggested additional ways to engage with the community. Conclusion: There is a need of developing a community engagement unit that would work across projects to support engagement with the community. The unit will maintain continuous engagement with the community and conduct research to understand the relationship between communities we work in and researchers. Funding of this unit could be done through contributions from the core budget, individual’s projects or competitive grant application.
Rapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by titanium dioxide surface coating
Authors: Micochova Petra , Chadha Ambika , Hesseloj Timi , Fraternali Franca , Ramsden Jeremy J. , Gupta Ravindra K. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission occurs via airborne droplets and surface contamination. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) coating of surfaces is a promising infection control measure, though to date has not been tested against SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Virus stability was evaluated on TiO2- and TiO2–Ag (Ti:Ag atomic ratio 1:0.04)-coated 45 x 45 mm ceramic tiles. After coating the tiles were stored for 2–4 months before use. We tested the stability of both SARS-CoV-2 Spike pseudotyped virions based on a lentiviral system, as well as fully infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus. For the former, tile surfaces were inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped HIV-1 luciferase virus. At intervals virus was recovered from surfaces and target cells infected. For live virus, after illuminating tiles for 0–300 min virus was recovered from surfaces followed by infection of Vero E6 cells. % of infected cells was determined by flow cytometry detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein 24 h post-infection. Results: After 1 h illumination the pseudotyped viral titre was decreased by four orders of magnitude. There was no significant difference between the TiO2 and TiO2–Ag coatings. Light alone had no significant effect on viral viability. For live SARS-CoV-2, virus was already significantly inactivated on the TiO2 surfaces after 20 min illumination. After 5 h no detectable active virus remained. Significantly, SARS-CoV-2 on the untreated surface was still fully infectious at 5 h post-addition of virus. Overall, tiles coated with TiO2 120 days previously were able to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 under ambient indoor lighting with 87% reduction in titres at 1h and complete loss by 5h exposure. Conclusions: In the context of emerging viral variants with increased transmissibility, TiO2 coatings could be an important tool in containing SARS-CoV-2, particularly in health care facilities where nosocomial infection rates are high.
Towarzystwo Polsko-Ormiańskie we Lwowie (1920-1922)
Authors: Osiecki Jakub 
Published: March 2021

Polish-Armenian Society in Lwów (1920-1922)
Using Armenian and Polish sources, the author analyses the activities ofthe Polish-Armenian Society (Towarzystwo Polsko-Ormiańskie) founded in Lwów(Poland) on June 15, 1920. This organization focused on building relations betweenPoland and Armenia. Its leaders, Jan Grzegorzewski, Garabed Keuprulian and AugustTeodorowicz established cooperation with the Armenian National Delegationin Paris, chaired by Boghos Nubar Pasha, and with its branch in Berlin. They alsoundertook the difficult mission of lobbying for the Armenian case in Warsaw. In thefirst phase of its activity, the Society planned to relocate Polish Armenians (officialsand intelligentsia) to the territories of Western Armenia; due to the deteriorating internationalsituation, the idea was abandoned. Subsequently, efforts were focused onhelping Armenian refugees from Turkey in the Caucasus; on this matter, the Societymade an appeal to the Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs, Count Konstanty Skirmunt.The suspension of the Society’s activity was related to the deterioration of Armenia’ssituation on the international arena. With the abandonment of the Armenianquestion by France and Great Britain, the exchange of letters with activists in Parisalso stopped. The author compares the Society with its counterpart in London – theBritish Armenian Committee, emphasizing the organization of Polish Armenianswas truly exceptional because it was the first one of its kind, and also because itfocused not on the problems of the local diaspora, but on the issue of Armenia’s independence.
Nauczanie języka ormiańskiego na Uniwersytecie Lwowskim w latach 1904-1939
Authors: Krzyżowski Tomasz 
Published: March 2021

Teaching the Armenian language at the University of Lwówin the years 1904-1939
The first attempts to introduce an Armenian language course at the Universityof Lwów were made at the beginning of the 20th century. The authorities ofthe Faculty of Philosophy obtained the consent of the Ministry of Religious Affairsand Education in Vienna to open a course of Old and New Armenian, which wasconducted in the years 1904-1933 by Rev. Bogdan Dawidowicz. The classes wereattended by seminarians of the Armenian-Catholic archdiocese, linguists, orientalistsand others interested in Armenian issues. Typically, two hours a week were allocatedto these classes. Students learned Armenian grammar and literature, including theworks of Movses Khorenatsi and Raffi (Hakob Melik Hakobian), as well as with thespecific conditions of the development of the Armenian language in Poland. Afterthe death of Rev. Dawidowicz, Garabed Keuprulian continued the course, focusingon West Armenian. In the interwar period, lectures on Armenian language and classicalliterature were conducted by professor Andrzej Gawroński from the Institute ofOriental Studies, while professor Jerzy Kuryłowicz taught Old Armenian from thehistorical and comparative perspective. During the discussed period, the universitycommunity in Lviv and the activists of the Archdiocese Union of Armenians werealso involved in publishing aimed at popularizing knowledge and broadening thestudies in the field of the Armenian language.
Wartan Rubenowicz Grigorian (1929-2019)
Authors: Grigorian Aram 
Published: March 2021

Vartan Rubenovich Grigoryan: historian, armenologist, publicist,collector of ancient Armenian manuscripts (1929-2019)
The author outlines the profile of Dr. Vartan Grigoryan, an outstandingArmenian historian, a longtime researcher at the Matenadaran Institute of AncientManuscripts in Yerevan. Against the background of a private biography, he analyzeshis scientific achievements, including those relating to the history of Polish Armenians,as well as his attitude to the national heritage of Armenia and the issue of itsindependence, and in this respect, also his commitment to Nagorno-Karabakh.
In vivo cartilage regeneration in a multi-layered articular cartilage architecture mimicking scaffold
Authors: Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Ramesh Sowmya , Walter Noel Malcolm , Arora Aditya , Katti Dhirendra S. , Madhuri Vrisha 
Published: March 2021

Aims Extracellular matrix (ECM) and its architecture have a vital role in articular cartilage (AC) structure and function. We hypothesized that a multi-layered chitosan-gelatin (CG) scaffold that resembles ECM, as well as native collagen architecture of AC, will achieve superior chondrogenesis and AC regeneration. We also compared its in vitro and in vivo outcomes with randomly aligned CG scaffold. Methods Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were differentiated into the chondrogenic lineage on scaffolds. Quality of in vitro regenerated cartilage was assessed by cell viability, growth, matrix synthesis, and differentiation. Bilateral osteochondral defects were created in 15 four-month-old male New Zealand white rabbits and segregated into three treatment groups with five in each. The groups were: 1) untreated and allogeneic chondrocytes; 2) multi-layered scaffold with and without cells; and 3) randomly aligned scaffold with and without cells. After four months of follow-up, the outcome was assessed using histology and immunostaining. Results In vitro testing showed that the secreted ECM oriented itself along the fibre in multi-layered scaffolds. Both types of CG scaffolds supported cell viability, growth, and matrix synthesis. In vitro chondrogenesis on scaffold showed an around 400-fold increase in collagen type 2 (COL2A1) expression in both CG scaffolds, but the total glycosaminoglycan (GAG)/DNA deposition was 1.39-fold higher in the multi-layered scaffold than the randomly aligned scaffold. In vivo cartilage formation occurred in both multi-layered and randomly aligned scaffolds treated with and without cells, and was shown to be of hyaline phenotype on immunostaining. The defects treated with multi-layered + cells, however, showed significantly thicker cartilage formation than the randomly aligned scaffold. Conclusion We demonstrated that MSCs loaded CG scaffold with multi-layered zonal architecture promoted superior hyaline AC regeneration. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(9):601–612.
Ja aber – Korpusbasierte Beobachtungen zu einer pragmatisch beschreibbaren Konstruktion
Authors: Staffeldt Sven 
Published: March 2021

In spoken conversation as well as in written texts we can find examples of a construction which has been the object of linguistic research for about 35 years and which has repeatedly been described under the names of ja-aber syntagma, ja-aber connection and ja-aber utterance pattern. In most analyses this construction is split into two parts: The ja-part is seen to convey (partial) consent, whereas the function of the aber-part is interpreted as (partial) objection. Falling back upon ja as affirmative response particle and aber as adversative conjunction, such analyses operate on semantically compositional principles. Additionally, the possibility of ja being a structuring particle is taken into consideration, where ja is supposed to ensure the mere connection of the part following the particle with the antecedent part. However, as this paper wants to show, compositional approaches like these tend to mislead studies to circular lines of arguments, in which presumptive findings are taken for presuppositions (petitio principii). Moreover, they seem to disregard actual usage of this construction, which can be ascertained with the help of corpora. Corpus-aided investigation of the construction in question shows that its semantic elaboration is dependent on two factors that go beyond compositional explanation attempts: (1) syntactical integration of the aber-part and (2) presence of negation in the aber-part. Not even in “classic” examples this construction can be semantically reduced to simple combinations of consent + objection, though. In order to reach appropriate results here, semantic analysis has to turn to pragmatically more adequate ways of description.
Pengaruh suhu terhadap perkembangan embrio ikan Cupang Betta splendens
Authors: Mustaqim Mustaqim , Eriani Kartini , Erlangga Erlangga , Rusyidi Rachmawati 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Temperurate is one of the important parameter in the embryo development of fish; However, to date no information this effect on the Betta splendens. Hence, this study aims to determine the effect of temperature on egg hatchability and survival of betta fish larvae. Samples of betta fish used in this study are similar in size and from the same type of broodstock. A completely randomized design used with four treatments and three replications. The parameters observed were the process of egg development, fertilization rate, hatching rate, hatching duration, survival rate, and water quality (pH, DO, temperature). The results showed that the relation between temperature and fertilization rate was not significantly different, whereas the calculated F value (0.23) ˂ F table 0.05 (4.07). The relation between temperature and hatching rate has a very significant effect, F value (18.91) ˃ F table 0.05 (4.07). The relation of temperature to hatching time showed the same difference, and the relation of temperature to survival of betta fish (Betta spelendes) larvae is significant with F ¬ values (39.98) F table 0.05 (4.07). Water quality parameters during the study were pH 7 - 7.5, DO 5.0 - 7.7 ppm and temperature at 27 - 29 oC.Keywords: Betta fish eggs, temperature, embryogenesis Abstrak. Suhu adalah salah satu faktor menentukak proses perkembangan embrio pada ikan, namun pengaruh ini belum pernah diamati pada ikan cupang Betta splendens. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu terhadap perkembangan embrio, daya tetas telur dan kelangsungan hidup larva ikan cupang. Induk ikan cupang yang digunakan memiliki ukuran yang sama dan dari induk jenis yang sama. Adapun rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah rancangan acak non factorialdengan 4 perlakuan 3 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah proses perkembangan telur, tingkat pembuahan telur, tingkat penetasan telur, lama penetasan telur, tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan kualitas air pH, DO, suhu ruangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan suhu terhadap tingkat pembuahan telur tidak berbedanyata, dimana nilai F hitung (0,23) ˂ F tabel 0,05 (4,07). Hubungan suhu terhadap tingkat penetasan telur berpengaruh sangat berbedanyata, dimana nilai F hitung (18,91) ˃ F tabel 0,05 (4,07). Hubungan suhu terhadap lama penetasan menunjukkan berbeda sama, dan hubungan suhu terhadap kelangsungan hidup berpengaruh nyata terhadap kelangsungan hidup larva ikan cupang (Betta spelendes) dengan nilai F hitung (39,98) F tabel 0,05 (4,07). Parameter kualitas air selama penelitian rata-rata pH 7 – 7,5, DO 5,0 – 7,7 ppm dan suhu ruangan 27 – 29 oC.Kata kunci: Telur ikan cupang, suhu, embriogenesis
Aktifitas Selulolitik dan Patogenisitas Bacillus cereus_TSS4 dari Serasah Daun Mangrove
Authors: Dewi Yustiana , Robin Robin , Prasetiyono Eva , Kurniawan Ardiansyah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Leaf litter of mangrove has the potential for cellulolytic bacteria that are beneficial in aquaculture feed. Tin mining in Bangka Island impact for mangrove and allows for new strains of cellulolytic bacteria. Identification and safety evaluations are needed to knows the applied to aquaculture. This study aims to obtain and evaluate the potential impact on the aquaculture of cellulolytic bacteria from the Tukak Sadai mangrove, South Bangka. The effects were shown on the survival and clinical symptoms of fish through pathogenicity testing of the selected bacteria. This research was done from March 2017 until March 2018. Leaf litter was a sample taken from mangroves and isolated using 1% Carboxymethyl Cellulosa (CMC) media. Qualitative test of cellulase enzyme activity uses congo red and bacterial identification to use biochemical characterization with Microbact TM. There were six cellulolytic bacterial isolates from the mangrove leaves of Tukak Sadai, South Bangka. TSS4 isolates had the highest cellulolytic index of 26.4 mm compared to other strains. Biochemical characterization of TSS4 isolates show similarities with Bacillus cereus. Pathogenicity test on Bacillus cereus_TSS4 isolates show that it was not pathogenic with normal fish conditions until the end of maintenance, fish survival reached 100%, and no damage to internal organs occurred.Keywords: Bacillus cereus, mangrove leaf litter, pathogenicity, cellulolytic bacteriaAbstrak. Serasah daun mangrove memiliki potensi bakteri selulolitik yang bermanfaat pada pakan dalam akuakultur. Penambangan timah di Pulau Bangka berdampak pada hutan bakau dan memungkinkan strain bakteri selulolitik baru. Identifikasi dan evaluasi keamanan diperlukan untuk mengetahui penerapan pada budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dan mengevaluasi dampak potensial pada akuakultur dari bakteri selulolitik hutan bakau Tukak Sadai, Bangka Selatan. Dampaknya ditunjukkan pada kelangsungan hidup dan gejala klinis ikan melalui pengujian patogenisitas dari bakteri yang dipilih. Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai Maret 2017 hingga Maret 2018. Serasah daun merupakan sampel yang diambil dari mangrove dan diisolasi menggunakan media Carboxymethyl Cellulosa (CMC) 1%. Uji kualitatif aktivitas enzim selulase menggunakan congo red dan identifikasi bakteri untuk menggunakan karakterisasi biokimia dengan MicrobactTM. Ada enam isolat bakteri selulolitik dari daun mangrove Tukak Sadai, Bangka Selatan. Isolat TSS4 memiliki indeks selulolitik tertinggi 26,4 mm dibandingkan dengan jenis lainnya. Karakterisasi biokimia isolat TSS4 menunjukkan kesamaan dengan Bacillus cereus. Uji patogenisitas pada isolat Bacillus cereus_TSS4 menunjukkan bahwa tidak patogen dengan kondisi ikan normal sampai akhir pemeliharaan, kelangsungan hidup ikan mencapai 100%, dan tidak terjadi kerusakan pada organ internal.Kata kunci: Bacillus cereus, serasah daun mangrove, patogenisitas, bakteri selulolitik