bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To prevent the distribution of new weeds of the genus Erigeron L.
Authors: Kurdyukova O. , Tyschuk O. 
Published: March 2021

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the biological characteristics of species of the genus Erigeron, their distribution, harmfulness and methods of control.
Мethods. The studies were conducted during 2006—2018 on the territory of the steppe zones of Ukraine in segetal and ruderal vegetation. The determination of the frequency of occurrence and spread of weeds was carried out in agrophytocenoses and uncultivated lands according to generally accepted methods. Evaluation of the harmfulness of weeds was carried out in the Left bank province of the Steppe zone of Ukraine. The soils are chernozemic soils ordinary meddle loamy. Latin plant names are listed on the Catalogue of Life international database.
Results. All species of the genus Erigeron in the steppe zones of Ukraine differ in biological and ecological indicators, habitats, weediness and reaction to various methods of control. Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. (Phalacroloma annuum (L.) Dumort., Stenactis annua (L.) Cass.) — wintering, less often spring weed. It occurs scattered or in groups, often forms thickets. It grows in meadows, gardens, parks, fallow, littered places, along the canals. It is identified in the fields of maize, sunflower, sorghum, melon crops and vegetable gardens. Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. (Phalacroloma strigosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Tzvel., Stenactis strigosa (Muhl. ex Willd.) DC.) — spring, wintering or biennial weed. It occurs as single individuals in meadows, littered places, edges of fields, near perennial grasses under irrigation. Erigeron strigosus var. septentrionalis (Fern. & Wieg.) Fern. (Phalacroloma septentrionale (Fern. & Wieg.) Tzvel., Stenactis septentrionalis (Fern. & Wieg.) Holub) — yearling, biennial or weed. It is found scattered or in groups on meadows, fallows, littered places, in populated areas, flower beds. It is identified in the fields of corn, sunflower, sorghum, fodder crops and vegetable gardens. Small tillage promotes Erigeron`s dissemination and resettlement, the abandonment of complete fallow, and the reduction of chemical protection. The grain yield with an average weediness of crops decreased by 23—28%, vegetable crops — by 16—19%, fodder crops — by 11—18%. An effective method of controlling weeds of the genus Erigeron is intensive autumn tillage. The use of herbicides in the autumn is impractical. In the spring, pre-sowing harrowing, cultivation and herbicides are used.
Conclusions. Early detection of weeds of the genus Erigeron at the initial stages of invasion, effective control through intensive tillage in the autumn, the use of harrowing, cultivations and herbicides in the spring, fully prevents their distribution and resettlement in the steppe zones of Ukraine.
Comprehensive protection of winter wheat from harmful organisms of agrocenosis in the zone of the Polissya of Ukraine
Authors: Bakalova A. , Gritsyuk N. , Derechа O. 
Published: March 2021

Goal. To study influence of complex application of fungicidal, insecticidal action on the dynamics of the number of harmful organisms and fusarium root rot on winter wheat crops under the conditions of the Polissya of Ukraine.
Method. The research was carried out during 2015—2017 on the experimental field of ZNAEU with. Greater Gorbash Chernyakhivsky area Zhytomyr region. The cultivation of winter wheat was carried out in accordance with the Polissya zone of Ukraine. Sizes of experimental sites 50 m2, repetition — four times. The research was carried out on two backgrounds of mineral nutrition — F1 — N150P60K100, F2 — N210P84K140 of the active substance. Treatment of wheat seeds with fungicidal and insecticidal preparations was carried out one day before sowing. The accounting of damage to wheat plants by the dominant pests was carried out from the IV stage of organogenesis by the method of recording areas using the framework imposed on the plants. The accounting for fusarium root rot was carried out in the phase of full ripeness before harvesting. Samples of plants for analysis were excavated from two adjacent rows of 0.5 m and recorded on a scale: 0 points — the plant did not affect; 1 point — defeat to 30% of the roots and up to 50% of the stem base; 2 points — defeat 30—60% of the roots and more than 50% of the stem base; 3 points — defeat more than 60% of the roots.
Results. As a result of research on winter wheat crops, where N150P60K100 of active ingredient (F1) was introduced, the number of cicadas changed from 28 to 92 spe/ m², corn flies decreased by 56 spe/m², corn aphids decreased by 40 spe/ m². its population for the complex processing of seeds Gaucho Plus 466 FS, TH (0.6 l/t) + Lamardor 400 FS, TH (0.2 l/t) + MikoHelp (1.0 l/t). The spread of fusarium root decreased by 22—23%, development — by 2.5—2.8% compared with the control variant. At higher levels of mineral nutrition N210P84K140 the grain yield increases from 3.5 to 5.8 t/ha, and the increase in yield was from 0.73 to 2.25 t/ha, which is 0.4 t/ha more than in the background of 1 in option Gaucho Plus 466 FS, TH (0.6 l/t) + Lamardor 400 FS, TH (0.2 l/t) + MikoHelp (1.0 l/t).
Conclusions. Complex treatment of seeds with fungicidal and insecticidal preparations contributed to a decrease in the number of plant phytophages and a decrease in winter wheat damage by fusarium root rot. The combination of different standards of mineral nutrition and tank mixes for seed drilling improved the characteristics of the structure of the crop. The highest increment of yield was obtained at elevated norms of mineral nutrition N210P84K140 in combination with the use of a mixture of drugs Gaucho Plus 466 FS, TH (0.6 l/t) + Lamardor 400 FS, TH (0.2 l/t) + MikoHelp (1.0 l/t), which was 2.25 t/ ha compared with the control variant.
Will the Mars Helicopter Induce Local Martian Atmospheric Breakdown?
Authors: Farrell W. M. , McLain J. L. , Marshall J. R. , Wang A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Any rotorcraft on Mars will fly in a low-pressure and dusty environment. It is well known that helicopters on Earth become highly charged due, in part, to triboelectric effects when flying in sandy conditions. We consider the possibility that the Mars Helicopter Scout (MHS), called Ingenuity, flying at Mars as part of the Mars 2020 Perseverance mission, will also become charged due to grain-rotor triboelectric interactions. Given the low Martian atmospheric pressure of ∼5 Torr, the tribocharge on the blade could become intense enough to stimulate gas breakdown near the surface of the rotorcraft. We modeled the grain–blade interaction as a line of current that forms along the blade edge in the region where grain–blade contacts are the greatest. This current then spreads throughout the connected quasi-conductive regions of the rotorcraft. Charge builds up on the craft, and the dissipative pathway to remove charge is back into the atmosphere. We find that for blade tribocharging currents that form in an ambient atmospheric dust load, system current balance and charge dissipation can be accomplished via the nominal atmospheric conductive currents. However, at takeoff and landing, the rotorcraft could be in a rotor-created particulate cloud, leading to local atmospheric electrical breakdown near the rotorcraft. We especially note that the atmospheric currents in the breakdown are not large enough to create any hazard to Ingenuity itself, but Ingenuity operations can be considered a unique experiment that provides a test of the electrical properties of the Martian near-surface atmosphere.
(Re)peindre, dorer, cirer. La thérapéia en acte dans la sculpture grecque hellénistique
Authors: Bourgeois Brigitte 
Published: March 2021

Expression de piété, la thérapéia, le « service » rendu aux effigies sacrées dans la Grèce antique, désignait dans un sens profane des opérations liées à la conservation des œuvres, visant à remettre en bon ordre la statue aux mains d’artisans choisis pour leur savoir-faire. L’article présente trois dossiers de sculptures en marbre d’époque hellénistique qui permettent d’approcher concrètement la réalité des gestes opérés en matière de traitements de surface tels que peindre, nettoyer, repeindre, dorer, ou encore appliquer un vernis de cire d’abeille selon l’opération de la ganôsis. Les études de cas concernent une statuette d’Asclépios (Dresde), la statuette féminine dorée de la Maison des Masques (Délos) et le portrait dit de Bérénice II (Musée royal de Mariemont).
Techniques d’opacification de l’émail au xixe siècle : nouvel éclairage apporté par le microscope à balayage à effet de champ
Authors: Lehuédé Patrice , Collin Marie , Dubus Michel 
Published: March 2021

La Cité de la Céramique à Sèvres conserve des verres d’origines diverses utilisés au xixe siècle pour les peintures sur porcelaine et les émaux sur cuivre. Nous avons étudié neuf de ces verres opaques ou opalescents. Les observations au microscope électronique à balayage (MEB) montrent qu’ils contiennent des particules dont les dimensions sont de l’ordre de 0,1 µm pour les verres opalescents, nettement plus grandes dans le cas des verres opaques. La nature de ces particules a été déterminée par spectroscopie par dispersion d’énergie (energy dispersive spectroscopy – EDS) et par diffraction des rayons X (DRX). Dans certains cas, des solutions classiques (cassitérite, antimoniate de calcium) ont été utilisées. Dans d’autres cas, des compositions plus complexes (arséniate de plomb pouvant contenir du phosphore, du calcium…), voire pratiquement inconnues (antimoniate de potassium et silicium, phosphate de sodium et calcium) ont été mises en évidence. Le microscope à balayage équipé d’un canon à effet de champ1 est un outil précieux pour visualiser la phase opacifiante, en déterminer la granulométrie et en estimer la composition.
Les Trois baigneuses de Courbet (musée du Petit Palais) : restauration et découvertes
Authors: Collet Isabelle , Sindaco-Domas Claudia 
Published: March 2021

Courbet a peint les Trois baigneuses vers 1865-1868, sans pouvoir achever sa composition après son départ en exil en Suisse. L’œuvre, restée à Paris, est entrée dans les collections du Petit Palais en 1909 grâce à une donation de Juliette Courbet. Ce tableau présente la particularité d’être peint à l’huile sur papier et d’avoir été agrandi en cours d’exécution. Restauré en 1973, puis marouflé sur une nouvelle toile en 1977, il a fait de nouveau l’objet d’une intervention en 2014. Ce travail sur la couche picturale a été précédé d’une étude au C2RMF qui a permis de mieux comprendre la genèse de l’œuvre et son évolution : d’une figure d’odalisque présentée sur un format horizontal, elle est devenue une composition à trois personnages, en format vertical. La restauration de la couche picturale menée en 2014 au Petit Palais a été l’occasion d’examiner de plus près la technique picturale de Courbet, de la confronter à d’autres peintures de l’artiste et d’en restituer la qualité intrinsèque en respectant son caractère inachevé.
Biomarkers for Predicting Cytokine Release Syndrome following CD19-Targeted CAR T Cell Therapy
Authors: Tedesco Victor E. , Mohan Chandra 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Chimeric Ag receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown astonishing potency in treating a variety of hematological malignancies in recent years. Along with this lifesaving potential comes the life-threatening toxicities of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity. This work seeks to consolidate biomarker candidates with the potential to predict the severity of CRS and neurotoxicity in patients receiving CD19-targeted CAR T cell therapy. In this systematic review, 33 clinical trials were evaluated for biomarkers that can predict the severity of posttreatment CRS and neurotoxicity. CRS and neurotoxicity occurred in 73.4 and 37% of the reviewed patients, respectively. Identified biomarker candidates included tumor burden, platelet count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, and TGF-β. Combinatorial algorithms based on cytokine levels and clinical parameters show excellent promise in predicting CAR-T-cell-therapy–associated toxicities, with improved accuracy over the component biomarkers.
Awareness of Dementia Risk Reduction among Current and Future Healthcare Professionals: A Survey Study
Authors: de Krom Femke J.W. , Sivananthan Sangavi , Alkhotany Farah , Celen Martijn , Hol Indy Ezra , Houben Kylia J.G. , Sivananthan Pavalya , Koekebakker Hanneke , Deckers Kay 
Published: March 2021

Background The total number of people affected by dementia worldwide is increasing rapidly. Recent studies provided evidence for the contribution of modifiable risk and protective factors to dementia risk. Although healthcare professionals could play an essential role in informing the general public about the relationship between lifestyle and dementia, it is unclear what they know about this relationship. Therefore, this study assesses the awareness of dementia risk reduction among current and future healthcare professionals. Design and methods An online survey was carried out among 182 healthcare students from Maastricht University and 20 general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses in Limburg, The Netherlands. The survey assessed the knowledge about risk and protective factors of dementia and identified needs, wishes and barriers concerning dementia risk reduction strategies. Results The majority of current (75.0%) and future (81.9%) healthcare professionals indicated that dementia risk reduction is possible. Among students, awareness of cardiovascular risk factors of dementia ( e.g., coronary heart disease (44.5%), hypertension (53.8%)) was low. Most participants (>70.0%) would like to receive more information about dementia risk reduction. Conclusions The majority of current and future healthcare professionals were aware of the relationship between lifestyle and dementia risk. However, there are still substantial gaps in knowledge regarding individual dementia risk factors. Given the essential role of healthcare professionals in providing lifestyle advice, there is a need to increase awareness by providing educational programs focused on dementia risk reduction.
Program Directors' Perception of the Importance of Soft Skills in Athletic Training
Authors: Kutz Matthew R. , Stiltner Sara 
Published: March 2021

Context
Soft skills have been reported to be a necessary aspect of athletic training education and clinical practice. However, almost no empirical research has explored the level of importance of soft skills or the frequency with which they are evaluated within athletic training education.

Objective
To delineate the perceived importance of soft skills within athletic training education and describe the frequency with which those soft skills are evaluated within athletic training programs.

Patients or Other Participants
Four hundred eight program directors (PDs) of Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education–accredited athletic training programs were invited to patriciate; 122 responded and 108 of those responses (88.5%) were usable (64% PDs of baccalaureate programs, 28% PDs of professional masters, 8% did not disclose), yielding a 26.5% response rate. All 10 National Athletic Trainers' Association districts were represented, with the highest representation (26%) from District 4. A majority of respondents were female (57%). Most respondents (79%) had 11 or more years of experience (33% of those ≥21 years) as an athletic training educator, and 98% of respondents identified as white/non-Hispanic.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Importance and frequency of soft-skill evaluation were measured using the Athletic Training Soft-Skills Assessment Instrument (ATSSAI). Data of perceived importance and frequency of evaluation were organized by various demographic variables and between scale dimensions.

Results
The ATSSAI psychometric analysis yielded satisfactory internal consistency and validity (α = .84 to .93). Paired-samples t test indicated significant differences between the ATSSAI Perceived Importance and Frequency of Evaluation scales (mean = 1.65 ± .47 versus mean = 3.29 ± 1.17, P = .000; Cohen d = 1.83). Pearson r correlation showed a positive relationship between perceived importance and frequency of evaluation, r = 0.81. Independent-samples t tests revealed female PDs perceived 2 soft skills (18%; observant and exact and prepared and adaptable) as more important (t99 = 2.12 and 2.18, P = .31 and .37) than did male PDs and evaluated 3 (27%; decisive and confident, prepared and adaptable, and observant and exact) more frequently (t99 = 2.35–2.50, P = .14–.21) than did male PDs.

Conclusions
All soft skills identified as necessary for inclusion in athletic training education were perceived to be very or extremely important by PDs. However, those same soft skills were not evaluated as often as their importance might suggest. Dependability and responsibility was the most important and most frequently evaluated soft skill (mean = 1.31 ± .51 and 2.21 ± 1.30, respectively). Female PDs generally perceived soft skills as more important and reported evaluating them more frequently. Soft-skill development is a tacit-based phenomenon that contributes to leadership effectiveness and clinical preparedness.
Clinico-etiological profile of children who had unplanned extubation and subsequent re-intubation in level-4 pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Kodicherla Vishnu Vardhan , Shaikh Farhan , Duvvana Pawan Kumar , Yerra Anupama , Reddy Yashwanth , Dekate Parag , Sachane Kapil , Chirla Dinesh Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Background:
There are few studies on unplanned extubation (UE) in pediatric intensive care units (PICU). This study is to identify factors associated with UE in PICUs.

Subjects and Methods:
In this observational study, the data of UE from January 1, 2013, to May 31, 2019, in a level-4 PICU were analyzed with an objective to study the etiology of UE and its impact on therapeutic outcomes.

Results:
Of 7079 patients hospitalized in PICU, 1721 were invasively ventilated (mean ventilator days 4.33 days). UE occurred in 39 patients (2.26% of intubated patients) at 0.52 UE events per 100 ventilation days. The median age was 14 months. The most common cause of UE was inadequate sedation (n = 24, 61.53%), endotracheal tube suctioning (n = 05, 20.8%), one during adjusting ET tube (4.1%), one during central venous line insertion (4.1%), and one during Foley's catheter insertion (4.1%) and 7 unexplained (29.1%). As long as the appropriate nurse: patient ratio was maintained, the incidence of UE was un-affected by day versus night shift or high versus low bed occupancy rates. Re-intubation rate in UE cohort was higher (74.35%) than planned-extubation cohort 0.11% (P < 0.001). All re-intubations were within 2 h of UE. Most common cause of re-intubation following UE was respiratory distress (72.41%), stridor (17.24%), and apnea (10.34%). Re-intubations following UE showed higher incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia but statistically not significant (P = 0.54).

Conclusion:
UE is associated with a significantly high incidence of re-intubations and associated complications arising from re-intubations. Maintaining a pool of skilled nurses in adequate nurse-to-patient ratio may play an important role in preventing UE. UE can be minimized by optimizing sedation and monitoring during common ICU procedures. Multicentric studies are warranted to design a uniform standard of care of ventilated patients aimed at reducing the incidence of UE.
An integrated approach to assess the complications of deforming osteoarthritis in sports medicine
Authors: Vorobyova I. S. , Borodulin V. B. , Nikitina V. V. 
Published: March 2021

Objective: prognosis of thromboembolic complications using clinical diagnostic markers.Materials and methods. The study involved 151 patients who underwent total arthroplasty (TA) of large joints of the lower extremities. Blood serum was studied at the patient’s admission to the hospital, after surgery, and at discharge from the hospital. The following parameters were determined: cell-molecular marker vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a genetic study was performed using the “Plasma screen. Plasma factors of the blood clotting system”. The content of VEGF was determined in blood serum using solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. The effectiveness of diagnostics based on sensitivity and specificity analysis was considered by constructing a ROC analysis at different points of separation of the values of the studied indicators.Results. Diagnostic significance of VEGF and the efficiency of determining PAI-1 were determined. In patients with elevated VEGF values (>183.6 pg/ml), PAI-1 gene polymorphism was detected, which reduces the fibrinolytic activity of the blood system and increases the risk of coronary disorders. This is especially important for patients in a hospital with a large number of risk factors for the development of VTEC due to prolonged immobilization of the limb. The study made it possible to determine that with VEGF values up to 183.6 pg/ml, a low probability of thromboembolic complications is predicted, and with values above 183.6 pg/ml — high.Conclusion. The course of DOA in athletes may be complicated by surgical intra-articular interventions of traumatological and orthopedic profile, which does not exclude the development of VTEO, significantly complicating drug therapy and the rehabilitation period. The presented data show that the determination of VEGF, 5G-675 4G polymorphism of the PAI 1 gene in blood serum can be used to assess the risk of venous thromboembolic complications (VTE), contributing to modern informative diagnostics, improving the quality of life of athletes and prolonging their sports career.
Trademark and patent applications are structurally near-identical and cointegrated: Implications for studies in innovation
Authors: Daizadeh Iraj 
Published: March 2021

Objective. This paper seeks to test the existence of a “long-run” equilibrium (LRE) dynamic between trademarks and patents, as it would suggest that similar exogenous pressures concomitantly drive these metrics. The restraint in the divergence of the two indices supports an important aspect of the Innovation Agenda, a normative intellectual property (IP)-centric model of the firm, whereby the corporate strategy of science and technology firms is defined by constructing and communicating IP.
Design/Methodology/Approach. Empirical analysis using descriptive statistics, wavelet, cointegration, and structural break analysis is applied to monthly US trademark and patent applications from 1977-2016 to test the potential for LRE.
Results/Discussion. This work finds that the indices have similar (identical) structural attributes (including distribution characteristics, seasonal variation, and short-term cross-periodicity) and are cointegrated (I(1)). Further, structural breakpoints were (near) simultaneous (Trademarks: 1987, 1993, 1999, 2005, 2011; Patents: 1988, 1994, 2000, and 2011). A discussion of potential triggers causing these breaks and the concept of equilibrium in the context of these proxy measures is presented.
Conclusions. From the study, likely, US trademark and patent applications are intimately linked; thus, increasing the likelihood that the Innovation Agenda may correctly capture at least one aspect of the firm. As a corollary, this work further supports the inclusion of trademark analysis in innovation studies. The limitations of the approach including study design are presented.
Originality/Value. To the author’s knowledge, the existence of an LRE of trademarks and patents in the framework of the Innovation Agenda is a novel contribution.