bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosthodontic Management of Single Anterior Missing Tooth with Immediate Loading Implant Using Leukocyte-Platelet-Rich Fibrin
Authors: Wahengbam Prashanti , Kalra Tarun , Kumar Manjit , Bansal Ajay , Singh Ramandeep 
Published: July 2021

AbstractImmediate loading of dental implant in the anterior tooth region has been a growing trend and eliminates the compromised esthetics, function, discomfort, and inconvenience associated with traditional two-stage implant procedures. This case report presents the clinical application of implant placement with immediate loading using leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in the anterior esthetic region.The implant was planned to rehabilitate in the anterior missing tooth region. As per the patient's desire, the implant was immediately loaded and L-PRF membrane was placed around the implant under local anesthesia on the day of surgery.The use of L-PRF for the maintenance of crestal bone and soft tissue at the implant sites provided an adequate clinical condition for better esthetics.
FDG-PET/CT in lymphoma
Authors: D′souza Maria M , Jaimini Abhinav , Bansal Abhishek , Tripathi Madhavi , Sharma Rajnish , Mondal Anupam , Tripathi Rajendra Prashad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLymphomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases that arise from the constituent cells of the immune system or from their precursors. 18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT) is now the cornerstone of staging procedures in the state-of-the-art management of Hodgkin′s disease and aggressive non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma. It plays an important role in staging, restaging, prognostication, planning appropriate treatment strategies, monitoring therapy, and detecting recurrence. However, its role in indolent lymphomas is still unclear and calls for further investigational trials. The protean PET/CT manifestations of lymphoma necessitate a familiarity with the spectrum of imaging findings to enable accurate diagnosis. A meticulous evaluation of PET/CT findings, an understanding of its role in the management of lymphomas, and knowledge of its limitations are mandatory for the optimal utilization of this technique.
Main ion charge exchange recombination spectroscopy on C-2W FRC plasmas
Authors: Gupta Deepak K. , Nations Marcel , Sweeney James , Aviles Juan , Leinweber Hannes , Marshall Ryan S. ,   TAE Team
Published: July 2021

A main ion charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (mChERS) diagnostic has been developed to measure the velocity and temperature of the main deuterium ions in the C-2W (also called Norman) field-reversed configuration (FRC) device. A modulated diagnostic neutral beam (DNB) of hydrogen with 40 keV full energy and a nominal current of 8.5 A provides the charge exchange signal. The DNB can achieve a fast modulation frequency of up to 10 kHz, a rare attribute to find on other fusion devices, which defines the time resolution of mChERS. Currently, the mChERS diagnostic provides simultaneous measurements at five spatial locations in the FRC plasma using a high-speed camera. The design and capabilities of the mChERS system are presented along with first experimental data.
PolyG-DS: An ultrasensitive polyguanine tract–profiling method to detect clonal expansions and trace cell lineage
Authors: Zhang Yuezheng , Kohrn Brendan F. , Yang Ming , Nachmanson Daniela , Soong T. Rinda , Lee I-Hsiu , Tao Yong , Clevers Hans , Swisher Elizabeth M. , Brentnall Teresa A. , Loeb Lawrence A. , Kennedy Scott R. , Salk Jesse J. , Naxerova Kamila , Risques Rosa Ana 
Published: July 2021

Significance
The ability to detect precancerous clones and reconstruct cancer evolution is important for early cancer detection and improving prevention and treatment strategies. We present PolyG-DS, a sequencing method that combines the unique properties of polyguanine tracts (PolyGs) for cell lineage tracing with ultrahighaccuracy duplex sequencing (DS). PolyG-DS enables accurate and reproducible PolyG genotyping, providing high sensitivity for the detection of low-frequency alleles in mixed populations. This translates into an improved ability to identify clonal expansions within normal tissue, with potential application to detect cancer progression in preneoplastic diseases such as ulcerative colitis. Because PolyG-DS is driver mutation agnostic, it provides a universal, cost-effective approach for assessing tumor evolution across cancer types.
Alternating the population and control neural networks to solve high-dimensional stochastic mean-field games
Authors: Lin Alex Tong , Fung Samy Wu , Li Wuchen , Nurbekyan Levon , Osher Stanley J. 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Mean-field games (MFGs) is an emerging field that models large populations of agents. They play a central role in many disciplines, such as economics, data science, and engineering. Since many applications come in the form of high-dimensional stochastic MFGs, numerical methods that use spatial grids are prone to the curse of dimensionality. To this end, we exploit the variational structure of potential MFGs and reformulate it as a generative adversarial network (GAN) training problem. This reformulation allays a bit the curse of dimensionality when solving high-dimensional MFGs in the stochastic setting, by avoiding spatial grids or uniform sampling in high dimensions, and instead utilizes the structure of the MFG and its connection with GANs.
The effects of graded calorie restriction XVII: Multitissue metabolomics reveals synthesis of carnitine and NAD, and tRNA charging as key pathways
Authors: García-Flores Libia Alejandra , Green Cara L. , Mitchell Sharon E. , Promislow Daniel E. L. , Lusseau David , Douglas Alex , Speakman John R. 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Caloric restriction (CR) increases life and health span, but our understanding of the evolutionary basis of the effect remains unclear. For many years, the disposable soma hypothesis provided the main evolutionary explanation, suggesting animals under restriction divert resources away from reproduction toward somatic maintenance. This idea was recently challenged by the “clean cupboards” hypothesis, suggesting life extension under CR is a coincidental by-product of energy conservation. This paper tests between these ideas by looking for common signatures in the metabolomic response across multiple tissues to graded CR levels in mice. There was no evidence for widespread increases in somatic protection but instead largely idiosyncratic responses in individual tissues. The common pathways identified appeared more consistent with the clean cupboards hypothesis.
Cell-free reconstitution reveals the molecular mechanisms for the initiation of secondary siRNA biogenesis in plants
Authors: Sakurai Yuriki , Baeg Kyungmin , Lam Andy Y. W. , Shoji Keisuke , Tomari Yukihide , Iwakawa Hiro-oki 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) synthesis by RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDR) is a critical step in secondary small interfering RNA (siRNA) biogenesis. However, how RDR specifically converts the targets of primary small RNAs into dsRNA intermediates remains unclear. Here, we developed an in vitro system that recapitulates the production of secondary siRNAs that are physiologically important in plants. Leveraging this system, we showed that a combination of four plant factors promotes physical recruitment of RDR6 to the target RNA. Moreover, we found that dsRNA synthesis by RDR6 is enhanced by the removal of the poly(A) tail, which is achieved by cleavage at another small RNA-binding site bearing appropriate mismatches. Our data elucidate the molecular events necessary for secondary siRNA biogenesis in plants.
UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2, a regulator of glycogen synthesis and glycosylation, is critical for pancreatic cancer growth
Authors: Wolfe Andrew L. , Zhou Qingwen , Toska Eneda , Galeas Jacqueline , Ku Angel A. , Koche Richard P. , Bandyopadhyay Sourav , Scaltriti Maurizio , Lebrilla Carlito B. , McCormick Frank , Kim Sung Eun 
Published: July 2021

SignificancePancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common form of pancreatic cancer and is one of the most deadly cancer types, with a 5-y survival rate below 10%. One reason for this high mortality rate is that PDAC cells have an enhanced ability to survive and proliferate despite existing in nutrient-deprived environments. Understanding the metabolic rewiring that enables nutrient scavenging and rapid metabolic processing of PDAC cells can provide new strategies to develop effective treatment options for this intractable disease. In this study, convergent findings reveal that UGP2 has a central role in the growth and metabolism of PDAC cells through the regulation of glycogen synthesis and protein N-glycosylation, highlighting therapeutic possibilities for this deadly cancer.
GHB analogs confer neuroprotection through specific interaction with the CaMKIIα hub domain
Authors: Leurs Ulrike , Klein Anders B. , McSpadden Ethan D. , Griem-Krey Nane , Solbak Sara M. Ø. , Houlton Josh , Villumsen Inge S. , Vogensen Stine B. , Hamborg Louise , Gauger Stine J. , Palmelund Line B. , Larsen Anne Sofie G. , Shehata Mohamed A. , Kelstrup Christian D. , Olsen Jesper V. , Bach Anders , Burnie Robert O. , Kerr D. Steven , Gowing Emma K. , Teurlings Selina M. W. , Chi Chris C. , Gee Christine L. , Frølund Bente , Kornum Birgitte R. , van Woerden Geeske M. , Clausen Rasmus P. , Kuriyan John , Clarkson Andrew N. , Wellendorph Petrine 
Published: July 2021

Significance
GHB is a natural brain metabolite of GABA, previously reported to be neuroprotective. However, the high-affinity binding site for GHB has remained elusive for almost 40 y. We here unveil CaMKIIα, a highly important neuronal kinase, as the long-sought-after GHB high-affinity target. Via a specific interaction within the central hub domain of CaMKIIα, GHB analogs act to stabilize the hub oligomer complex. This interaction potentially explains pronounced neuroprotective effects of GHB analogs in cultured neurons exposed to a chemical insult and in mice exposed to ischemia. The postischemic treatment effects of GHB analogs underline these compounds as selective and high-affinity potential drug candidates and CaMKIIα as a relevant pharmacological target for stroke therapy.
Current issues and controversies in assessing the environmental impacts of livestock production
Authors: Capper Judith L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe environmental impact of livestock production is one of the most significant issues within agriculture. Global concerns over climate change, resource use, pollution and other environmental indicators means that producers must implement practices and systems to reduce environmental impacts, yet this may only be achieved through assessments that allow impacts to be quantified, benchmarked and improved over time.  Although environmental indicators are widely accepted, the metrics by which these are assessed continue to evolve over time as assessment objectives gain clarity and focus, and as the science relating to controversial topics (e.g. global warming or carbon sequestration) becomes more refined. However, significant negative trade-offs may occur between different metrics and denominators such that a specific practice or system may appear to have greater or lesser impacts, depending on assessment methodology. A number of tools and models have been developed to empower producers in quantifying environmental impacts, which will be increasingly important in satisfying future consumers’ hunger for information as well as food. These tools must be supplied in tandem with information as to the potential consequences of changing management practices and systems. At present however, tools available are based on differing methodologies, are often opaque in their background calculations and do not necessarily account for all the factors that influence environmental impacts from livestock. There is a clear need for robust tools that can be used as standards for assessing environmental impacts from the global livestock industry and that go beyond GHG emissions to produce a more rounded holistic assessment.
Exercise in school Physical Education increase bone mineral content and density: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mello Júlio B. , Pedretti Augusto , García‐Hermoso Antonio , Martins Clarice M. L. , Gaya Anelise R. , Duncan Michael J. , Gaya Adroaldo C. A. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions through Physical Education (PE) exercises on bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) of children and adolescents. The research was conducted using the online electronic databases PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science and Scopus (March 2021). The analysis was restricted to school‐based studies that examined the effect of PE interventions on BMC and BMD in schoolchildren (<18 years old). Standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and random‐effects models were calculated. The heterogeneity and inconsistency of the studies were estimated using Cochran's Q‐statistic and I 2, respectively. Twenty‐two studies with 2,556 participants were selected. PE interventions were associated with a significant increase in BMC (SMD = 1.348; 95% CI, 1.053–1.643) and BMD (SMD = 0.640; 95% CI, 0.417–0.862). Femoral neck subgroup analysis indicate an increase in BMC for boys (SMD = 1.527; 95% CI, 0.990–2.065) and girls (SMD = 1.27; 95% CI, 0.782–1.767), and in BMD for boys (SMD = 0.518; 95% CI, 0.064–0.972) and girls (SMD = 0.817; 95% CI, 0.349–1.284). Finally, increases are reported in the lumbar spine BMC for boys (SMD = 1.860; 95% CI, 1.018–2.700) and girls (SMD = 1.275; 95% CI, 0.782–1.767). This meta‐analysis provides insights into the effectiveness of interventions aimed at including physical exercise in PE on bone mass, suggesting that increasing the proportion of curriculum time allocated to PE may improve students’ BMD and BMC, especially in the femoral neck and lumbar spine.
The Teukolsky–Starobinsky constants: facts and fictions
Authors: Casals Marc , Teixeira da Costa Rita 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Teukolsky master equation describes the dynamics of massless fields with spin on a Kerr black hole. Under separation of variables, spin-reversal for this equation is accomplished through the so-called Teukolsky–Starobinsky identities. These identities are associated to the so-called Teukolsky–Starobinsky constants, which are spin-dependent. We collect some properties of the Teukolsky–Starobinsky constants and dispel some myths present in the literature. We show that, contrary to popular belief, these constants can be negative for spin larger than 2. Such fields thus exhibit a novel form of energy amplification which occurs for non-superradiant frequencies.
Fabrication of photothermally actuated microheater with SU-8/Cu composite
Authors: Nakahara Tasuku , Ise Kazuki , Minami Kazuyuki 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The photothermally actuated microheaters have been studied for various applications. In particular, microheaters using composites mixed with polymer and particles were developed for a microrobot and thermally responsive structures. However, the structures have been fabricated by soft lithography process, which needs multiple steps. Here, we propose a microheater fabricated using a photosensitive composite, which is a mixture of the photosensitive resin SU-8 and Cu microparticles. The composite structures fabricated by one step photolithography exhibited a rise of temperature due to the photothermal effect, which was induced by the observation system of an inverted fluorescent microscope. In evaluating the patterning accuracy of the composite, although the line-and-space pattern formed was a minimum of 30 µm, the fabricated patterns involved a dimensional error of 5%–25%. The composite with 50 wt% Cu particles of 1 µm showed a maximum temperature of 55.7 °C in our experiments. The micropatterns of the microheater were fabricated and showed a rise of temperature of 16 °C–46 °C. In addition, the time response of the rising temperature was approximately 1 s. Thus, the proposed microheater could be useful for applications in which a change of temperature in the range of 10 °C–40 °C.
Activating caspase-8/Bid/ROS signaling to promote apoptosis of breast cancer cells by folate-modified albumin baicalin-loaded nanoparticles
Authors: Lan Meng , Kong Zhaodi , Liu Fengjie , Zou Tengteng , Li Lihong , Cai Tiange , Tian Huaqin , Cai Yu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Abnormal apoptosis can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, aberrant homeostasis or the accumulation of mutations. Therapeutic agents that re-establish the normal functions of apoptotic signaling pathways offer an attractive strategy for the treatment of breast cancer. Baicalin (BA) is one of the natural compounds with anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis activities against numerous tumor cells. However, low bioavailability restricts the clinical application of BA. In order to improve its therapeutic efficacy and study the mechanism of actions, active targeting delivery systems were developed for targeting tumor environment and selective cell killing effects. It emphasized on the construction of folate-conjugated albumin nanoparticles loaded with baicalin (FA-BSANPs/BA) and mechanisms of which on the promotion of breast cancer apoptosis. The physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of FA-BSANPs/BA were investigated. Cell experiments were carried out to study the targeted anti-breast cancer effects of FA-BSANPs/BA and its mechanism. The results showed that FA-BSANPs/BA was successfully constructed with stable structural characteristics and sustained release effects. Cellular uptake and MTT showed that it increased targeted uptake efficiency and cytotoxicity. Flow cytometry and western blot confirmed that it promoted apoptosis by increasing the expression of caspase-8 and ROS, and decreasing the level of Bid. It is suggested that the pro-apoptotic mechanism of FA-BSANPs/BA is related to regulation of key proteins in extrinsic apoptotic pathway. In conclusion, FA-BSANPs/BA is a good delivery carrier and significantly inhibits the breast cancer growth compared with free BA. The mechanism of FA-BSANPs/BA promoting apoptosis of breast cancer may be due to its action on the caspase-8/Bid/ROS pathway.
Absolute frequency measurement of the 171Yb optical lattice clock at KRISS using TAI for over a year
Authors: Kim Huidong , Heo Myoung-Sun , Park Chang Yong , Yu Dai-Hyuk , Lee Won-Kyu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We report a measurement of the absolute frequency of the 1S0–3P0 transition in the 171Yb optical lattice clock at KRISS (KRISS-Yb1) for 14 months, which was referenced to the SI second by primary and secondary standards worldwide via International Atomic Time. The determined absolute frequency is 518 295 836 590 863.75(14) Hz with the relative frequency uncertainty of 2.6 × 10−16, which agrees well with other reports. This result is expected to contribute to the future update of the CIPM recommendation frequency of the secondary frequency standards.
Neutron Imaging for Intermetallic Alloy using a Delay Line Current-Biased Kinetic-Inductance Detector
Authors: Shishido Hiroaki , Vu The Dang , Aizawa Kazuya , Kojima Kenji M. , Koyama Tomio , Oikawa Kenichi , Harada Masahide , Oku Takayuki , Soyama Kazuhiko , Miyajima Shigeyuki , Hidaka Mutsuo , Suzuki Soh Y. , Tanaka Manobu M. , Kawamata Shuichi , Ishida Takekazu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The current-biased kinetic-inductance detector (CB-KID) is a solid-state superconducting neutron detector with high spatial and temporal resolutions, and multi-hit tolerance. We demonstrate high temperature operation of CB-KID at 7.9 K with the delay-line method. High temperature operation reduces imaging pixel size by suppressing signal propagation velocity. High spatial neutron transmission image for a mixed metal alloy consisting of heavy elements Sm and Sn is successfully constructed. We also examine the capability of element discrimination imaging based on the resonance dip analysis.
AC loss calculation in high-temperature superconductor wires and windings with analytical and numerical models: influence of J
c(B) dependence
Authors: Grilli Francesco , Abraham Sunny , Brambilla Roberto 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Too high loss levels can severely limit the efficiency and the safe operation of several high-temperature superconductor (HTS) AC applications. A reliable estimation of AC losses, which includes the observed field-dependence of the superconductor’s critical current density on the magnetic field, is therefore paramount. In this contribution, we use numerical simulations to evaluate the AC losses of HTS coated conductors in a variety of working scenarios: individual wires carrying AC transport current and/or subjected to AC magnetic fields, and wire assemblies like stacks and arrays carrying AC transport current. Numerical results are compared to the corresponding analytical models and to experimental results. This work presents some general guidelines regarding the extent to which the dependence of the critical current density J
c on the magnetic flux density B modifies the AC loss characteristics with respect to a constant-J
c model based on the superconductor’s self-field critical current.
Design and Implementation of ROV Submarine Cable Inspection Decision Support System
Authors: Peng Lei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
According to the requirements of field survey and following data management in submarine cable inspection by ROV (Remote Operated Vehicle), this paper analyzes the characteristics of TSS350 cable tracker and underwater video inspection data, designs a reasonable system architecture, implements real-time monitoring and data management of submarine cable inspection based on underwater navigation & positioning, fully integrates various types of data, and improves the management and utilization of submarine cable inspection data and maintenance capability of submarine cable.
Prediction of the Dynamic Response of a Long Flexible Riser under External and Internal Flow: Integral Transform Solution
Authors: Song Zhenhua , Shen Yijun , Duan Menglan , Gu Jijun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper aimed to analyze the dynamic response of a pinned-pinned riser subject to external and internal flow using the generalized integral technique (GITT). A nonlinear wake oscillator model is used to simulate the drag and lift force on the riser, and coupling with the vibration equation to form the second-order partial Differential Equations (PDEs). The PDEs system can be transformed into Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) employing the GITT approach. The influence of the internal flow and external flow are evaluated to show that both these two variables should not be negligible in numerical simulation of the dynamic response of a long flexible riser. The vibration amplitude, frequency and mode number are affected by the flow velocities, and mode transformation can be found in the variation of the internal and external flow velocities.
Research and Countermeasures on LNG Ship Port Area Navigation Risk Assessment Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method
Authors: Wen-xin Zhuang , Guo-ping Guo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
As a new energy source, LNG occupies an important position in the energy structure, and it is of great significance to carry out research on the navigation risks of LNG ships as carriers. Through the establishment of an LNG ship port area risk evaluation index system, the an exponential scale method in the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the weight value of each index, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to calculate the navigation risk level of LNG ships. An LNG ship in Lusi port area of Nantong Port is selected for risk assessment, and based on the results of the risk evaluation, a targeted risk control plan is proposed.