bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Performance of Direct Susceptibility Test by VITEK-2 from Positively Flagged Blood Culture Broth for Gram-Negative Bacilli
Authors: Kavipriya D , Prakash Suman Susan , Dhandapani Sarumathi , Rajshekar Deepashree , Sastry Apurba Sankar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Timely initiation of antimicrobial therapy in patients with blood stream infection is absolutely necessary to reduce mortality and morbidity. Most clinical microbiology laboratories use conventional methods for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) that involve biochemical methods for identification followed by AST by disk diffusion. The aim of the current study is to assess the various errors associated with direct susceptibility testing done from blood culture broth using automated AST system-Vitek-2 compact compared with the reference method of AST done from bacterial colonies.
Materials and Methods The study was conducted in a tertiary care public sector 2,200-bedded hospital in South India for a period of 6 months. The study involved positively flagged blood culture bottles that yielded single morphotype of Gram-negative organism by Gram stain. A total of 120 bacterial isolates were collected that consisted of consecutively obtained first 60 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae family (30 Escherichia coli and 30 Klebsiella pneumoniae) and consecutively obtained first 60 nonfermenters (30 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 30 Acinetobacter baumannii). Vitek-2 AST was done from these 120 blood culture broth, following the protocol by Biomerieux, and results were obtained. Then, Vitek-2 was done from colonies (reference method) using appropriate panel for Enterobacteriaceae and nonfermenters, and results were obtained. Both the results were compared.
Results Nonfermenters showed a better categorical agreement of 97.6%, as compared to Enterobacteriaceae, which showed 97%. Among Enterobacteriaceae, both E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed categorical agreement of 97% each.
Conclusion The procedure of AST directly from blood culture broth represents a simple and effective technique that can reduce the turnaround time by 24 hours, which in turn benefits the clinician in appropriate utilization of antimicrobials for better patient care.
Geometrical imaging accuracy, image quality and plan quality for prostate cancer treatments on a 1.5 T MRLinac in patients with a unilateral hip implant
Authors: van Lier A L H M W , Meijers L T C , Phillippens M E P , Hes J , Raaymakers B W , van der Voort van Zyp J R N , de Boer J C J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Purpose. To assess the feasibility of prostate cancer radiotherapy for patients with a hip implant on an 1.5 T MRI-Linac (MRL) in terms of geometrical image accuracy, image quality, and plan quality. Methods. Pretreatment MRI images on a 1.5 T MRL and 3 T MRI consisting of a T2-weighted 3D delineation scan and main magnetic field homogeneity (B
0) scan were performed in six patients with a unilateral hip implant. System specific geometrical errors due to gradient nonlinearity were determined for the MRL. Within the prostate and skin contour, B
0 inhomogeneity, gradient nonlinearity error and the total geometrical error (vector summation of the prior two) was determined. Image quality was determined by visually scoring the extent of implant-born image artifacts. A treatment planning study was performed on five patients to quantify the impact of the implant on plan quality, in which conventional MRL IMRT plans were created, as well as plans which avoid radiation through the left or right femur. Results. The total maximum geometrical error in the prostate was <1 mm and the skin contour <1.7 mm; in all cases the machine-specific gradient error was most dominant. The B
0 error for the MRlinac MRI could partly be predicted based on the pre-treatment 3 T scan. Image quality for all patients was sufficient at 1.5 T MRL. Plan comparison showed that, even with avoidance of the hips, in all cases sufficient target coverage could be obtained with similar D1cc and D5cc to rectum and bladder, while V28Gy was slightly poorer in only the rectum for femur avoidance. Conclusion. We showed that geometrical accuracy, image quality and plan quality for six prostate patients with a hip implant or hip fixation treated on a 1.5 T MRL did not show relevant deterioration for the used image settings, which allowed safe treatment.
Quantum entangled-probe scattering theory
Authors: Irfan Abu Ashik Md , Blackstone Patrick , Pynn Roger , Ortiz Gerardo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We develop an entangled-probe scattering theory, including quantum detection, that extends the scope of standard scattering approaches. We argue that these probes may be revolutionary in studying entangled matter such as unconventional phases of strongly correlated systems. Our presentation focuses on a neutron beam probe that is mode-entangled in spin and path as is experimentally realized by Shen et al (2020 Nat. Commun.
11 930), although similar ideas also apply to photon probes. We generalize the traditional van Hove theory (van Hove 1954 Phys. Rev.
95 249) whereby the magnetic response is written as a properly-crafted combination of two-point correlation functions. Tuning the probe’s entanglement length allows us to interrogate spatial scales of interest by analyzing interference patterns in the differential cross-section. Remarkably, for a spin dimer target we find that the typical Young-like interference pattern observed if the target state is un-entangled gets quantum erased when that state becomes maximally entangled.
Violation of equivalence principle in neutrino sector: probing the extended parameter space
Authors: Esmaili Arman 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The oscillation of neutrino flavors, due to its interferometry nature, is extremely sensitive to the phase differences developing during the propagation of neutrinos. In this paper we investigate the effect of the Violation of Equivalence Principle (VEP) on the flavor oscillation probabilities of atmospheric and cosmic neutrinos observed at neutrino telescopes such as IceCube. Assuming a general parameterization of VEP, dubbed extended parameter space, we show that the synergy between the collected data of high energy atmospheric and cosmic neutrinos severely constrains the VEP parameters. Also, the projected sensitivity of IceCube-Gen2 to VEP parameters is discussed.
Testing homogeneity of the galaxy distribution in the SDSS using Renyi entropy
Authors: Pandey Biswajit , Sarkar Suman 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We analyze a set of volume limited sample of galaxies from
the SDSS to study the issue of cosmic homogeneity. We use the Renyi
entropy of different order to probe the inhomogeneties present in
the galaxy distributions. We also calculate the Renyi diveregence to
quantify the deviations of the galaxy distribution from a
homogeneous Poisson distribution on different length scales. We
separately carry out the analysis using the overlapping spheres and
the independent voxels. Our analysis suggests that the scale of
homogeneity is underestimated in the smaller galaxy samples due to
the suppression of inhomogeneities by the overlapping of the
measuring speheres. We find that an analysis with the independent
voxels and/or use of a significantly larger galaxy sample can help
to circumvent or mitigate this problem. Combining the results from
these analyses, we find that the galaxy distribution in the SDSS
becomes homogeneous on a length scale beyond 140 h
-1 Mpc.
Is cosmological tuning fine or coarse?
Authors: Díaz-Pachón Daniel Andrés , Hössjer Ola , Marks II Robert J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The fine-tuning of the universe for life, the idea that the constants of nature (or ratios between them) must belong to very small intervals in order for life to exist, has been debated by scientists for several decades. Several criticisms have emerged concerning probabilistic measurement of life-permitting intervals. Herein, a Bayesian statistical approach is used to assign an upper bound for the probability of tuning, which is invariant with respect to change of physical units, and under certain assumptions it is small whenever the life-permitting interval is small on a relative scale. The computation of the upper bound of the tuning probability is achieved by first assuming that the prior is chosen by the principle of maximum entropy (MaxEnt). The unknown parameters of this MaxEnt distribution are then handled in such a way that the weak anthropic principle is not violated. The MaxEnt assumption is “maximally noncommittal with regard to missing information.” This approach is sufficiently general to be applied to constants of current cosmological models, or to other constants possibly under different models. Application of the MaxEnt model reveals, for example, that the ratio of the universal gravitational constant to the square of the Hubble constant is finely tuned in some cases, whereas the amplitude of primordial fluctuations is not.
Effects of different organic fertilizer management modes on phosphorus and potassium content in wheat field
Authors: Shu Xiaoxiao , Qi Li , Wang Qingyi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In order to study the effects of different organic fertilizer management modes on soil nutrient content in wheat field, and provide scientific basis for agricultural production. In this paper, the changes of soil phosphorus and potassium content in wheat field were studied by setting low, medium and high amounts of organic fertilizer, combined with different tillage methods, such as no tillage, tillage, subsoiling and subsoiling tillage. The results showed that: low amount of organic fertilizer combined with tillage and medium amount of organic fertilizer combined with no tillage were conducive to increase the content of soil available potassium. Comprehensive analysis suggested that the region should avoid applying high amount of organic fertilizer and adopt low amount of organic fertilizer combined with no tillage measures, which could help to improve soil fertility.
Study on Sedimentary Characteristics of S0 Reservoir in BBK Area
Authors: Li Yanli 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The S0 reservoir in the BBK area is a reevaluation of unused development resources. According to the change trend of oilfield production tasks, the development test of the S0 reservoir is imperative, but the sedimentary characteristics of the reservoir have not yet been perfected; the author uses core, logging curve and various analysis and test data to describe the sedimentary facies of the S0 reservoir in detail, through the method of the combination of quantitative and qualitative sand body comprehensive identification. First, refer to the effective thickness, permeability, frequency of the interlayer development and other parameters of the sand body in the work area to quantitatively determine the microfacies. Then, combined with the electrical survey chart of typical microfacies, the microfacies types of sand bodies of single-well single-layer are qualitatively determined. Finally, the comprehensive judgment results are calibrated in the facies zone base map, which is used for the analysis of the overall distribution law of each microfacies and the precise positioning of the sand body boundary; it is concluded that the underwater distributary channel sand body of the S0 oil layer is not developed, and the outer front sheet sand is developed in a large area through the analysis of the judgment results of sedimentary microfacies. Generally speaking, it belongs to the subfacies deposits in the outer front of the delta, which provides a favorable geological basis for later development adjustment and effect evaluation.
Research on safe and efficient drilling technology of soft outburst coal seam
Authors: Hao Cao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In soft coal bedding drilling hard into the problem of hole, based on the drilling of coal in the process of motion, from two aspects to improve the traditional drilling technology, selection of high power, large torque drill and selecting reasonable parameters of drilling tools and better way of powder, formed a “high power drill, shallow blade spiral drill pipe, wind pressure in the wind” of the construction process. The field application test was carried out in Xinxin Coal Mine of Yunnan Province, and the test results show that the average monthly footage of drilling rig is 8000 m/rig•month. The average depth is 137m, the primary pore formation rate reaches 90%. Compared with the original drilling technology, the new technology increases the average hole depth by 12%∼70%, the drilling efficiency by 30%∼46%, the extraction concentration by more than one time, and the single hole extraction amount by 33.6%. The drilling technology of soft outburst coal seam has improved the drilling efficiency and realized the full coverage of gas drainage in working face, which is worthy of reference and reference in soft coal seam mine.
Analysis of the running capacity of coiled tubing in three-dimensional curved borehole
Authors: Cao Yinping , Pan Ying , Mi Hongxue , Wang Jianxing , Niu Zhanshan , Dou Yihua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
When coiled tubing enters three-dimensional borehole, elastic deformation is very easy to occur, leading to the decrease of running depth. In order to study the running capacity of coiled tubing, the running friction of coiled tubing under sinusoidal buckling and helical buckling in three-dimensional borehole was analyzed according to the structure of coiled tubing and the characteristics of borehole trajectory, considering the different contact points between the coiled tubing load and the borehole wall. According to the friction analysis results of each section of the running coiled tubing, the torque balance differential equation of the running coiled tubing micro-element was established and solved, and the friction torque of the running coiled tubing was obtained. The running capacity of Φ38.1mm×2.6mm QT-900 coiled tubing in three-dimensional borehole is analyzed. A theoretical algorithm for analyzing the running capacity of coiled tubing is established through the analysis of an example. This research can provide important theoretical research value and practical significance for the analysis of the running capacity of coiled tubing.
Study of a New Method for Calculating Critical Liquid Carrying Flow Rate of Gas Wells
Authors: Huang Yi , Liu Shujie , Meng Wenbo , Jiang Donglei , Yu Yi , Ren Guanlong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The minimum critical liquid carrying flow rate of gas wells is an important parameter in the process of making gas reservoir development plans. At present, Turner equation and Li Min equation in the field are mainly used to calculate the critical liquid carrying flow rate of gas wells. However, the two equations have some limitations, which do not consider the effect of interfacial tension on the critical liquid carrying flow rate. In calculation, the gas-water interfacial tension is simplified as a constant, but interfacial tension is a function of temperature and pressure. In order to calculate the minimum liquid carrying flow rate more accurately, the existing calculation equation is modified while considering the influence of temperature and pressure on interfacial tension. The equation of minimum production is obtained by deducing the minimum flow rate of liquid carrying in gas wells. The actual gas well data is used for example calculation, and the minimum production under different well depth, bottom hole temperature and pressure is analyzed. The results show that considering the interfacial tension when calculating the fluid carrying flow rate of gas wells, the calculated fluid carrying flow rate of gas wells is more realistic.
A New Method for Evaluating Gas Well Boundary Characteristics
Authors: Meng Wenbo , Huang Yi , Liu Shujie , Jiang Donglei , Yu Yi , Ren Guanlong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In evaluating the reservoir physical properties and boundary characteristics of gas wells, the well test interpretation method is mainly employed currently to obtain K, KH, S and boundary characteristics of the reservoir. This method requires a test system for gas wells and a pressure gauge to record the data of flowing bottom hole pressure (FBHP) at the middle depth of the gas reservoir, with long testing time and high cost. Therefore, productivity testing and test pressure recovery data are only performed for some gas wells, and we cannot get reservoir physical property parameters by well test interpretation. It is considered that this method can better meet the needs of practical work, and has high popularization and application value.
Physical threshold of high quality reservoir of Upper Paleozoic in Daniudi gas field, Ordos Basin
Authors: Xu Ningning 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Combined with the gas content and physical property data of the reservoirs, physical threshold of the Upper Paleozoic high quality reservoirs in Daniudi gas field, Ordos Basin is defined through the definition of effective reservoirs, using the method of oil test and distribution function. The results show that the threshold of porosity and permeability is 8% and 0.6×10−3μm2, respectively. The distribution function method shows that the physical threshold of the low-producing reservoir (with a daily gas production of more than 5 000 m3) is 8∼9% porosity and 0.6∼0.8×10−3μm2 permeability. Based on comprehensive analysis, porosity of 8% and permeability of 0.6×10−3μm2 are set as the physical threshold of high quality reservoir.
Research of tight gas reservoir simulation technology
Authors: Zhang Wanneng , Cheng Zhaoyuan , Cheng Hanlie , Qin Qiang , Wang Minghao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The stimulation of tight gas reservoir in Linxing block of Shanxi Province has always been a difficult problem. This paper describes and analyzes the formation lithology, physical properties and sensitivity of the reservoir. And introduces the pulse power technology and controllable shock wave technology, and focuses on the research and analysis of the latter. The results of field test show that: In the application of plug removal and permeability enhancement of low permeability tight gas oil and gas wells in medium and shallow wells (well depth less than 3000m), the controllable shock wave technology has achieved good results in increasing production and injection. Field application shows that the technology is basically mature and can be further promoted. Compared with traditional technologies such as acidizing and plugging removal, controllable shock wave technology has the advantages of layered implementation, strong pertinence, simple operation, wide adaptability and better effect.
Research and Application of Chemical Regulating Technology for ISC Injection-Production Wells in Liaohe Oilfield
Authors: Wang Siwen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In Situ Combustion (ISC) Technology is an effective replacement method of oil recovery after Heavy Oil Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS) and Steam Flooding (SF). At present, ISC Technology has been carried out mainly in Du 66, Shu 13832, Gao 3618 and Jin 91 blocks of Liaohe Oilfield. However, during the ISC development process, due to the heterogeneity of reservoir growth, the uneven propulsion of fire lines and gas channeling will affect the development effect of ISC reservoir. In this paper, the chemical regulating technology proposed in this paper could improve air injection efficiency, solve the gas channeling problem of production wells, expand the swept volume of air injection and increase the recovery rate of ISC.
Study on Water Plugging Technology Outside Drivepipe of Oil Well
Authors: Li Rui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A new chemical water shutoff agent was developed to solve the problem of casing water flowing out of production wells in Liaohe Oilfield. Under the specific process conditions, the new chemical water shutoff agent can be injected into the position where the water goes out of the casing. The solidified water plugging agent can form a high strength, high temperature resistant and impermeable barrier laye.t can achieve the purpose of secondary cementing and casing protection. The water plugging agent has been applied in the field and has achieved good effect of oil increase and precipitation.
Research on uniaxial compression of jointed rock mass based on numerical simulation
Authors: Yin Yantian , Li Guilin , Liu Yang , Jiang Xiang , Luan Weijie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Jointed rock mass is a material with anisotropic strength and coexistence of continuous and discontinuous media. In order to study the mechanical behavior of rock mass impacted by the spatial distribution of joints, RFPA2D, which is a discrete element geotechnical engineering simulation, is employed in this paper. Based on the basic rock mechanical parameters obtained from uniaxial compression experiment, the influence of joint inclination angle on rock strength and strain path is explored. The simulation results show that: Cracks will cause large initial damage to the rock mass, resulting in a significant decrease in the peak strength of the specimen compared with the intact rock mass. Meanwhile, it decreases the stage of elastic deformation, and it has the strongest impact to strain path when joint angle equals to 90°.
Formation Mechanisms and Distribution Law of Effective Volcanic Reservoirs -- Taking Carboniferous Volcanic Reservoirs in Malang Depression of Santanghu Basin as an Example
Authors: Yang Wenmin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The understanding of the formation mechanisms of volcanic reservoirs can provide a reference for the distribution law of effective volcanic reservoirs and oil and gas reservoirs, and has an important guiding role in accelerating the pace of the exploration and development of volcanic reservoirs. Using the data of three-dimensional seismic interpretation, logging, core description and thin section identification, it is concluded that the formation of volcanic reservoirs in Santanghu Basin was controlled by many factors such as tectonics, lithology, lithofacies, fluids, volcanic apparatus, weathering and leaching, including fault rebuilt, unconformity, alkali metasomatism, dissolution, weathering and leaching and other formation mechanisms, 5 types of reservoir formation models are obtained according to the different superimposition modes of the depth mechanism for the formation of volcanic reservoirs in different periods, and five types of distribution law of effective volcanic oil and gas reservoirs are summarized from the understanding of reservoir types, accumulation models, and accumulation mechanisms. The study provides a reference for the prediction of effective volcanic reservoirs, and further defines the exploration direction of volcanic oil and gas reservoirs.
Closed-form Solution of Prestressed Composite Beam Deformation
Authors: Wang Linfei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Eccentric load effect of prestressing in composite beam leads to nonlinear coupling oof deflection-slip. For the prestressed composite beam, considering axial force and eccentric moment of the prestressing equivalent load, variational equilibrium equations are imposed by the virtual work theorem which involves the interfacial slip condition. With relevant boundary conditions of different structural form, the closed-form solution can be derived. The model and closed-form solution are then validated by means of finite element analysis.