bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tocopherols as antioxidants in lipid‐based systems: The combination of chemical and physicochemical interactions determines their efficiency
Authors: Barouh Nathalie , Bourlieu‐Lacanal Claire , Figueroa‐Espinoza Maria Cruz , Durand Erwann , Villeneuve Pierre 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLipid oxidation is a major concern in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. The degradation of unsaturated lipids affects the nutritional, physicochemical, and organoleptic properties of products and can lead to off‐flavors and to the formation of potentially harmful oxidation compounds. To prevent or slow down lipid oxidation, different antioxidant additives are used alone or in combination to achieve the best possible efficiency with the minimum possible quantities. In manufactured products, that is, heterogeneous systems containing lipids as emulsions or bulk phase, the efficiency of an antioxidant is determined not only by its chemical reactivity, but also by its physical properties and its interaction with other compounds present in the products. The antioxidants most widely used on the industrial scale are probably tocopherols, either as natural extracts or pure synthetic molecules. Considerable research has been conducted on their antioxidant activity, but results regarding their efficiency are contradictory. Here, we review the known mechanisms behind the antioxidant activity of tocopherols and discuss the chemical and physical features that determine their efficacy. We first describe their chemical reactivity linked with the main factors that modulate it between efficient antioxidant capacity and potential prooxidant effects. We then describe their chemical interactions with other molecules (phenolic compounds, metals, vitamin C, carotenes, proteins, and phospholipids) that have potential additive, synergistic, or antagonist effects. Finally, we discuss other physical parameters that influence their activity in complex systems including their specific interactions with surfactants in emulsions and their behavior in the presence of association colloids in bulk oils.
Autocorrelation‐informed home range estimation: A review and practical guide
Authors: Silva Inês , Fleming Christen H. , Noonan Michael J. , Alston Jesse , Folta Cody , Fagan William F. , Calabrese Justin M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractModern tracking devices allow for the collection of high‐volume animal tracking data at improved sampling rates over very‐high‐frequency radiotelemetry. Home range estimation is a key output from these tracking datasets, but the inherent properties of animal movement can lead traditional statistical methods to under‐ or overestimate home range areas.The autocorrelated kernel density estimation (AKDE) family of estimators was designed to be statistically efficient while explicitly dealing with the complexities of modern movement data: autocorrelation, small sample sizes and missing or irregularly sampled data. Although each of these estimators has been described in separate technical papers, here we review how these estimators work and provide a user‐friendly guide on how they may be combined to reduce multiple biases simultaneously.We describe the magnitude of the improvements offered by these estimators and their impact on home range area estimates, using both empirical case studies and simulations, contrasting their computational costs.Finally, we provide guidelines for researchers to choose among alternative estimators and anRscript to facilitate the application and interpretation of AKDE home range estimates.
Postdischarge pain, nausea and patient satisfaction after diagnostic and breast‐conserving ambulatory surgery for breast cancer: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Stjernberg Mi , Schlichting Ellen , Rustoen Tone , Valeberg Berit T. , Småstuen Milada C. , Raeder Johan C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this study were to assess first day postdischarge pain, nausea and patient satisfaction in ambulatory breast cancer surgical patients, after diagnostic and breast conserving procedures.MethodsA total of 781 women, aged 18–85 years were included in this prospective, cross‐sectional study. All patients received standardized multimodal pain prophylaxis with paracetamol, COX‐II inhibitor, dexamethasone and wound infiltration with local anaesthetics. Nausea prophylaxis was provided with ondansetron. Most patients received general anaesthesia with propofol and remifentanil. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire during telephone follow‐up on the first postoperative day.ResultsThe response rate was 94.5%. NRS ≥ 4 was reported by 5.3% at rest, by 17% during activity and by 30.7% as the worst pain score. Young age was strongly associated with more pain both at rest, during activity and regarding worst pain since discharge. Postdischarge nausea was present in 17.8%, and vomiting in 1.2%. High pain score during activity and higher level of worst pain, were associated with nausea. There was no association between nausea and age, type of anaesthesia, surgical procedure or pain at rest. Patient satisfaction was high (97.8%–99.7%) regarding information, time for discharge and overall satisfaction.ConclusionPain scores and incidence of nausea were generally low on the day after surgery. Young age was a strong predictor for postdischarge pain. A high worst pain score and high pain score during the activity were associated with postdischarge nausea. Patient satisfaction was high.
Unusual pattern of thrombotic events in young adult non‐critically ill patients with COVID‐19 may result from an undiagnosed inherited and acquired form of thrombophilia
Authors: Elbadry Mahmoud I. , Tawfeek Ahmed , Abdellatif Mohammed G. , Salama Eman H. , Abudeif Ahmed , Mahmoud Hany , Ezeldin Mohamed , Abdelkareem Rasha Mokhtar , Rashad Usama M. 
Published: December 2021

SummaryIn 145 previously healthy non‐critically ill young adults, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)‐related symptoms, risk factors for thrombosis, coagulation and inflammatory parameters were compared, with 29 patients reporting unusual thrombotic events (UTEs) and 116 not having thrombotic events. The inflammatory indices, coagulation and prothrombotic platelet phenotype (PTPP) were significantly higher in patients with UTEs versus those without. Patients with UTEs were categorised according to detection of thrombophilic genes (TGs), coagulation and inflammatory markers to the non‐TG and TG subcohort. A total of 38 UTEs were identified, which included splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT; 11), stroke (six), cerebral vein thrombosis (five), thrombotic microangiopathy (four), limb ischaemia and inferior vena cava thrombosis (three each), ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (two), superior vena cava thrombosis (two), upper limb deep venous thrombosis and retinal vein thrombosis, one each. We found a 55% prevalence of TGs mainly heterozygous coagulation factor II, thrombin (FII)‐G20210A, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)‐V617F, protein‐S, and antithrombin III deficiency with a high (76·9%) prevalence of venous UTEs, multiple vessels thrombosis, and recurrence rate among the TG versus non‐TG subcohort. The presence of JAK2‐V617F, and FII‐G20210A mutations was linked with SVT. Thrombosis in the non‐TG subcohort was associated with more haemorrhagic problems, thrombosis progression and a significantly higher level of inflammatory markers, PTPP, mean platelet volume, von Willebrand factor, and factor VIII, which remained high for up to 6 months, as well as elevated D‐dimer. Acquired and inherited thrombophilia with endotheliopathy appeared to be a relevant mechanism to explain the occurrence of UTEs that are not correlated to COVID‐19 severity.
Identifying behaviour change techniques within randomized trials of interventions promoting deceased organ donation registration
Authors: Crawshaw Jacob , Li Alvin H. , Garg Amit X. , Chassé Michaël , Grimshaw Jeremy M. , Presseau Justin 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveIncreasing deceased organ donation registration may increase the number of available organs for transplant to help save lives. This study aimed to identify which behaviour change techniques (BCTs; or ‘active ingredients’) are reported within randomized trials of interventions promoting deceased organ donation registration and of those, which are associated with a larger intervention effect.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of 45 trials included in a Cochrane systematic review of deceased organ donation registration interventions. Two researchers used the BCT Taxonomy v1 to independently code intervention content in all trial groups. Outcome data were pooled and we used meta‐regression to explore associations between individual and combinations of recurring BCTs and effect on registration intention and/or registration behaviour.ResultsA total of 27 different BCTs (mean = 3.7, range = 1–9) were identified in intervention groups across the 45 trials. The five most common BCTs were: ‘Information about health consequences’ (71%); ‘Instruction on how to perform the behaviour’ (47%); ‘Salience of consequences’ (40%); ‘Adding objects to the environment’ (28%); and ‘Credible source’ (27%). Comparator groups in 20/45 trials also included identifiable BCTs (n = 12, mean = 3.1, range = 1–7). Meta‐regression revealed that a combination of the three most common BCTs was associated with a larger intervention effect size for registration behaviour (k = 8, β = .19, p = .02).ConclusionsTrials of deceased organ donation registration interventions focus predominantly on providing information, instruction, and a means to register. While potentially effective, a much wider set of possible BCTs could be leveraged to address known barriers to registration.
Advances in single‐cell sequencing and its application to musculoskeletal system research
Authors: Zhang Yongxiang , Wang Jingkai , Yu Chao , Xia Kaishun , Yang Biao , Zhang Yuang , Ying Liwei , Wang Chenggui , Huang Xianpeng , Chen Qixin , Shen Li , Li Fangcai , Liang Chengzhen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn recent years, single‐cell sequencing (SCS) technologies have continued to advance with improved operating procedures and reduced cost, leading to increasing practical adoption among researchers. These emerging technologies have superior abilities to analyse cell heterogeneity at a single‐cell level, which have elevated multi‐omics research to a higher level. In some fields of research, application of SCS has enabled many valuable discoveries, and musculoskeletal system offers typical examples. This article reviews some major scientific issues and recent advances in musculoskeletal system. In addition, combined with SCS technologies, the research of cell or tissue heterogeneity in limb development and various musculoskeletal system clinical diseases also provides new possibilities for treatment strategies. Finally, this article discusses the challenges and future development potential of SCS and recommends the direction of future applications of SCS to musculoskeletal medicine.
The spatial overlap of small‐scale cannabis farms with aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity
Authors: Parker‐Shames Phoebe , Choi Christopher , Butsic Van , Green David , Barry Brent , Moriarty Katie , Levi Taal , Brashares Justin S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe rapid expansion of cannabis agriculture in the Western United States provides a rare opportunity to study how an abrupt change in land‐use policy affects local biodiversity. There is broad speculation that cannabis production on private land is expanding and having negative effects on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, yet there exist little empirical data to evaluate this concern. In this study, we mapped and characterized outdoor cannabis production during the first season of legal recreational production (2016) in a large legacy cannabis‐producing region of Southern Oregon, Josephine County. We descriptively compared cannabis farms to all available private parcels based on proximity to rivers/streams and undeveloped land and their overlap with carnivore richness. Using publicly available satellite imagery, we found approximately 1.34 km2 (331 acres) of cannabis cultivation within Josephine County during the first season of legal recreational production. Most cannabis production areas were small (median size 414 m2), spatially clustered at all observed scales, and recently established (67% were not visible in 2013–2014 pre‐legalization). When compared with all available private parcels, cannabis was preferentially located in forested areas, undeveloped land and slightly closer to rivers. Within riparian areas, farms were slightly closer to rivers with predicted occurrence of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). While projected carnivore richness was similar between cannabis and all private parcels, projected fisher (Pekania pennanti) occupancy was more than five times higher on cannabis farms, with a median occupancy of 0.69 (interquartile range: 0.24–0.87). Our results establish a baseline for cannabis land cover at the time of early recreational legalization and rapid expansion and can be used to predict future patterns or ecological consequences of cannabis development in other production areas. Understanding the potential ecological impact of cannabis is increasingly important as legalization expands and may also offer insights into other rural land‐use change frontiers.
Longitudinal changes in behaviour, mood and functional capacity in the primary progressive aphasia variants
Authors: Foxe David , Irish Muireann , Ramanan Siddharth , Stark Samuel , Cordato Nicholas J. , Burrell James R. , Piguet Olivier 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPrimary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative clinical syndrome characterised by a progressive decline in speech and language functions. Deficits in behaviour, mood and functional capacity are reported in PPA but are less well understood. This study examined the PPA variants' profiles on these domains at initial presentation and over time and evaluated their relations to overall cognitive ability. Behaviour, mood and functional capacity were measured annually (over ~6 years) in 145 individuals diagnosed with PPA (41 logopenic [lv‐PPA], 44 non‐fluent [nfv‐PPA] and 60 semantic variants [sv‐PPA]) using the Cambridge Behavioural Inventory‐Revised (CBI‐R) carer questionnaire. Overall cognition was assessed annually with the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination‐III. Distinct profiles were observed across PPA syndromes. Notably, sv‐PPA carers reported greater behavioural, eating and motivational disturbances than the other PPA variants throughout the disease course. Reported memory problems were also greater in sv‐PPA and lv‐PPA than in nfv‐PPA across all time points. These disturbances occurred in the context of the sv‐PPA group demonstrating a slower rate of cognitive decline than the lv‐PPA group and a parallel rate to that found in the nfv‐PPA group. Associations between overall cognition and the CBI‐R domains were trivial at baseline assessment; however, distinct profiles emerged when mapping each syndrome's overall cognitive decline with their behavioural, mood and functional trajectories. Our findings demonstrate that the evolving behaviour, mood and functional capacity profiles of the PPA variants are distinct and extend beyond the primary disorder of language. These findings have important implications for clinical management and caregiver education in PPA.
DFT: A deep feature‐based semi‐supervised collaborative training for vehicle recognition in smart cities
Authors: Zhang Yichuan , Liu Yadi , Yang Guangming , Song Jie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntelligent transport systems (ITS) is a popular field of research in smart city. Image‐based vehicle recognition is one of the most promising new techniques. The traditional appearance‐based method has some limitations in feature view. The machine learning algorithm can satisfy multiple feature views, but it mainly adopts an improved supervised learning method, which needs manual annotation and has low efficiency. The semi‐supervised collaborative training method is widely used in the image recognition process to improve machine learning algorithms' accuracy and generalization performance. This paper proposes DFT (deep feature‐based training) method for vehicle recognition in smart cities. DFT is also a semi‐supervised collaborative training method on basis of two base learners. DFT adjusts data pre‐processing and training process, optimizes the constructing a disagreement encoding network, and expands the recognition disagreement of pseudo‐labelled samples‐based training set. Compared with the typical collaborative training methods, DFT greatly accelerates the model's training process by reducing the convergence time, and improves the efficiency of vehicle recognition, while remaining the recognition accuracy unchanged.
Impact of L2 learners' background factors on the perception of L1 Spanish speech
Authors: Wheeler Holly , Kang Okim 
Published: December 2021

AbstractListener background variables have been recognized as potential contributors to language evaluation bias. This continuum of trait‐irrelevant factors creates implications from the L2 classroom to integration in the target language community. This study examined how L2 Spanish learners' listener background factors including ethnicity, heritage speaker status, and study abroad experience predicted their perceptual ratings of native Spanish accented speech on comprehensibility, accentedness, acceptability, and open‐mindedness. Results showed mixed findings regarding the impact of L2 listener background factors and study abroad experiences on L1 speech perception ratings with little variance explained overall despite significant differences between speech constructs, suggesting that there may be other effects that impact how L2 learners perceive L1 speech. Results support previous findings that learner L2 level and ability seem to influence how target language speech is perceived. Findings provide implications for the fields of study abroad and immersion learning and teaching.
L2 French students' conversations during interactive writing tasks and their interaction mindset
Authors: McDonough Kim , Ammar Ahlem , Sellami Amal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between L2 French students' conversations during interactive writing tasks and their interaction mindset, which is their perception about peer interaction. Students (N = 51) in three, high‐intermediate/low‐advanced French L2 classes completed an interaction mindset questionnaire and two interactive writing tasks during a 13‐week semester. Each class was randomly assigned to one type of interactive writing task: interactive planning (i.e., interaction during the planning phase only), interactive revision (i.e., interaction during the revision phase only), or collaborative writing (i.e., interaction during planning, writing, and revision phases). Their conversations were audio‐recorded, and transcripts were coded in terms of what they had talked about: content, organization, language, and other (i.e., task management, reading/rereading, and off‐task talk). Pearson's correlations indicated that the students' interaction mindset had a positive relationship with language and a negative relationship with content. Suggestions for instructors with an interest in interactive writing tasks are provided.
Caveolin‐1 negatively regulates inflammation and fibrosis in silicosis
Authors: He RongLing , Yuan XiangNing , Lv Xin , Liu QingXiang , Tao LiJian , Meng Jie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInhalation of crystalline silica causes silicosis, the most common and serious occupational disease, which is characterized by progressive lung inflammation and fibrosis. Recent studies revealed the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐fibrosis role of Caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) in lung, but this role in silicosis has not been investigated. Thus, this study evaluated Cav‐1 regulatory effects in silicosis. It was found that Cav‐1 levels were significantly reduced in the lung from silicosis patients and silicotic mice. The silicosis models were established in C57BL/6 (wild‐type) and Cav‐1 deficiency (Cav‐1−/−) mice, and Cav‐1−/− mice displayed wider alveolar septa, increased collagen deposition and more silicotic nodules. The mice peritoneal‐derived macrophages were used to explore the role of Cav‐1 in silica‐induced inflammation, which plays a central role in mechanism of silicosis. Cav‐1 inhibited silica‐induced infiltration of inflammatory cells and secretion of inflammatory factors in vitro and in vivo, partly by downregulating NF‐κB pathway. Additionally, silica uptake and expression of 4‐hydroxynonenal in silicotic mice were observed, and it was found that Cav‐1 absence triggered excessive silica deposition, causing a stronger oxidative stress response. These findings demonstrate the protective effects of Cav‐1 in silica‐induced lung injury, suggesting its potential therapeutic value in silicosis.
Bolivar's Sword: The Mapoyo and the Politics of Heritage‐Making in Venezuela
Authors: Torrealba Alfonzo Gabriel , Navas Méndez Ana María 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article analyzes the political dynamics involved in the inclusion of the Mapoyo oral tradition into UNESCO's lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage. We frame this designation as an “event” that encapsulates a contested process of negotiation between the Mapoyo Indigenous community and the Venezuelan state. Our article evaluates the intersection of two asymmetrical (but nonantagonistic) political agendas in terms of how they are enacted through heritage‐making practices: (1) the Mapoyo's demands for territorial autonomy and (2) the Bolivarian Revolution's nationalist program. We focus on the way this heritagization process was tied to discourses of patriotic indigeneity centered on a sword attributed to Simón Bolívar. We argue that even though heritage‐making practices mostly reproduce nation states’ hegemonic discourses, they can also open spaces for subaltern groups to exert relational forms of agency. Ultimately, we show the implications of the Mapoyo heritage designation in reimagining the place of Indigenous peoples in Venezuela's national history.
Prosocial responses to global crises: Key influences of religiosity and perceived control
Authors: Minton Elizabeth A. , Wang Cindy X. , Anthony Carissa M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThrough three studies, we examine how religiosity explains why some consumers in the United States are more resistant toward engaging in prosocial responses than others in response to global crises (specifically, a pandemic) and what can be done to change this. Specifically, Study 1 shows that consumers with higher levels of religiosity exhibit lower global crisis concern, because they feel less of a sense of personal control over the crisis, which leads to reduced prosocial responses. Study 2 generally replicates these effects by priming religiosity and showing that these religiously primed consumers have a lower perceived sense of control and view prosocial responses as not as beneficial, thereby reducing participation likelihood. Study 3 then shows that marketing messages can be used to improve higher religiosity consumers' perceived sense of control over a global crisis, leading to more positive prosocial responses and retailer attitudes.