bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Super Na+ Half/Full Batteries and Ultrafast Na+ Diffusion Kinetics of Cobalt‐Nickel Selenide from Assembling Co0.5Ni0.5Se2@NC Nanosheets into Cross‐Stacked Architecture
Authors: Li Zhiyong , Peng Zilin , Sun Rui , Qin Zhaoxia , Liu Xinlong , Wang Caihong , Fan Haosen , Lu Shengjun 
Published: May 2021

Main observation and conclusionExploration of advanced anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) is still a big challenge due to the large radius of sodium. In this work, the hierarchical architectures assembled from N‐doped carbon‐coated Co0.5Ni0.5Se2 (Co0.5Ni0.5Se2@NC) nanoparticles encapsulated into cross‐stacked nanosheets have been successfully prepared from the cobalt‐nickel binary‐metal organic frameworks (CoNi‐MOF) by two steps of the solid‐state selenization and carbon coating processes. Importantly, the resultant hierarchical Co0.5Ni0.5Se2@NC architecture can achieve a satisfactory electrochemical performance, maintaining a high‐rate capacity of 330 mA·h·g–1 at 3 A·g–1 and a stable cyclability of 100 cycles without obvious capacity decay at 0.2 A·g–1. The design of distinct superstructure can not only be applied to other electrode materials but also boost the forward development of energy storage systems.
QoS for best‐effort batch jobs in container‐based cloud
Authors: Yim Yin‐Goo , Jang Hyeon‐Jun , Jin Hyun‐Wook 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThe resource orchestrators in the cloud provide different QoS classes. Existing studies have mainly focused on resource guarantee for high‐priority class jobs, but yet to consider delicate QoS control of low‐priority jobs in the cloud. In this paper, we propose the differentiated shares that provide weighted CPU scheduling for low‐priority batch jobs in container‐based cloud. To implement the differentiated shares, we extend resource reservation interfaces provided by Kubernetes and suggest an algorithm that maps the resource management attributes of Kubernetes into those of Linux. The proposed differentiated shares can avoid worsening interference with high‐priority containers by exploiting the hierarchical resource sharing of task groups in Linux. In addition, we suggest a node scoring policy to provide efficient inter‐node job scheduling with the consideration of the differentiated shares. The performance measurement results show that the differentiated shares can provide weighted CPU scheduling for best‐effort batch containers without interference with high‐priority containers (less than 3% with respect to application‐level performance).
The Impact of Variability in Patient Exposure During Premarket Clinical Development on Postmarket Safety Outcomes
Authors: Cherkaoui Sanae , Pinnow Ellen , Bulatao Ilynn , Day Brendan , Kalaria Manish , Brajovic Sonja , Dal Pan Gerald 
Published: May 2021

We characterized the size of the premarket safety population for 278 small‐molecule new molecular entities (NMEs) and 61 new therapeutic biologics (NTBs) approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between October 1, 2002, and December 31, 2014, evaluating the relationship of premarket safety population size to regulatory characteristics and postmarket safety outcomes. The median size of the safety population was 1,044, and was lower for NTBs than NMEs (median: 920 vs. 1,138, P = 0.04), orphan products than nonorphan products (393 vs. 1,606, P < 0.001), and for products with fast‐track designation (617 vs. 1,455, P < 0.001), priority review (630 vs. 1,735, P < 0.001), and accelerated approval (475 vs. 1,164, P < 0.001), than products without that designation. The median number of postmarket safety label updates and issues added to the label were higher with larger premarket exposure among nonorphan products, but not among orphan products. Products with accelerated approval using a surrogate end point had a higher median number of safety issues added to the label than those with full approval, but this did not vary with the size of the safety population; fast‐track and priority review were not associated with the number of safety issues added to the label. A smaller safety population size was associated with a longer time to first safety outcome for nonorphan products but not orphan products. For orphan and nonorphan products combined, smaller premarket safety population size is not associated with the number or timing of postmarket safety outcomes, regardless of expedited program participation.
Effects of extended pharmacological disruption of zebrafish embryonic heart biomechanical environment on cardiac function, morphology, and gene expression
Authors: Foo Yoke Yin , Motakis Efthymios , Tiang Zenia , Shen Shuhao , Lai Jason Kuan Han , Chan Wei Xuan , Wiputra Hadi , Chen Nanguang , Chen Ching Kit , Winkler Christoph , Foo Roger Sik Yin , Yap Choon Hwai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundBiomechanical stimuli are known to be important to cardiac development, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we pharmacologically disrupted the biomechanical environment of wild‐type zebrafish embryonic hearts for an extended duration and investigated the consequent effects on cardiac function, morphological development, and gene expression.ResultsMyocardial contractility was significantly diminished or abolished in zebrafish embryonic hearts treated for 72 hours from 2 dpf with 2,3‐butanedione monoxime (BDM). Image‐based flow simulations showed that flow wall shear stresses were abolished or significantly reduced with high oscillatory shear indices. At 5 dpf, after removal of BDM, treated embryonic hearts were maldeveloped, having disrupted cardiac looping, smaller ventricles, and poor cardiac function (lower ejected flow, bulboventricular regurgitation, lower contractility, and slower heart rate). RNA sequencing of cardiomyocytes of treated hearts revealed 922 significantly up‐regulated genes and 1,698 significantly down‐regulated genes. RNA analysis and subsequent qPCR and histology validation suggested that biomechanical disruption led to an up‐regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic genes and down‐regulation of ECM remodeling and ECM–receptor interaction genes. Biomechanics disruption also prevented the formation of ventricular trabeculation along with notch1 and erbb4a down‐regulation.ConclusionsExtended disruption of biomechanical stimuli caused maldevelopment, and potential genes responsible for this are identified.
Construction of a Highly Selective and Sensitive Dopamine Enzyme‐free Biosensor Based on Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Liu Chong , Xie Yuchen , Hou Yingjiao , Wang Ziyi , Pan Xiaoyu , Zhu Hong , Li Hongna 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA selective and sensitive electrochemical enzyme‐free sensor for dopamine (DA) was prepared, containing carbon nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and room‐temperature ionic liquid of 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluor (BmimBF4). The peaks of DA, ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) can be well separated by optimization of pH condition and carbon nanomaterials.Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), single‐walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs), carboxylated graphene (C‐GR), were chosen to compare the affection to DA detection. The catalytic effect was SWCNTs>MWCNTs>C‐GR≈SWCNHs. It showed carbon nanotube materials with electron acceleration channels play the key role in catalytic performance. The pH condition also influenced detection, all the redox peak potentials of DA, UA, and AA had a negative shift as the pH changed from low to high, but the amplitude of the shift was different. At pH 1, the three anodic peaks are separated ca.0.24 V and 0.20 V. Under optimum conditions linear calibration graphs were obtained over the DA concentration range 0.2 to 20 μM.The modified electrode was applied for the assay of spiked DA in blood serum and human urine.This work studied the influence of carbon nanomaterials on DA detection and provided a simple approach to selectively detect dopamine in the presence of AA and UA.
Study on the pressure relief effect in gob‐side coal body during mining an inclined longwall panel
Authors: Zhou Ruoqian , Wang Hongtu , Shu Cai , Chu Tao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study combined multi‐field coupled numerical calculations and field measurements to analyze the gas pressure relief and the outburst elimination range of the coal body in the lower side of a gob induced by excavating an inclined seam. A coal seam gas flow solid‐gas coupled model allowing for elastoplastic damage was established based on an inclined longwall panel of the Hongyan Coal Mine in Chongqing, China. To inspect the gas depressurization effect, this study simulated the collapse and damage of strata surrounding the longwall panel after mining by using a constitutive model of the interlayer weak plane, the changes in the damage, gas pressure, and stress concentration in the gob‐side coal seam were analyzed numerically. Besides, variation in gas pressure within 10‐23 m away from the panel margin was measured on‐site during the advancement of the longwall face to validate and modify the results of modeling. The simulation results showed that the advancing of the panel is highly effective in releasing gas from the gob‐side coal body. The rupture penetration, stress concentration, and original elastic zone will be formed in the gob‐side coal body with increasing distance away from the gob after mining the 3603‐2 panel. The permeability increased dramatically and the gas was almost exhausted in the rupture penetration zone. The field measurement results indicated that gas pressure decreased in three stages with advancement. After completion of excavation activities, the drop rates of gas pressure and gas content within 10‐23 m from the gob were 26.55%‐73.58% and 34%‐71%, respectively. Additionally, it was proved that the numerical simulation results were instructive for predicting the range of gas outburst‐proneness elimination belt by comparing simulation and field results, and the outburst elimination range of the inclined longwall panel of the Hongyan Coal Mine was determined to be 10 m.
Nanoscale energy transport of inclined magnetized 3D hybrid nanofluid with Lobatto IIIA scheme
Authors: Ayub Assad , Darvesh Adil , Altamirano Gilder C. , Sabir Zulqurnain 
Published: May 2021

AbstractKey developments in the field of nanotechnology have drawn the attention of many scholars toward the interaction of nanoparticles due to their capturing applications in solar energy systems and thermal engineering. Larger consumption of energy posed a challenge for thermal science, so thermal engineering is trying to solve this issue by increasing the thermal conductivity of the fluid. The thermal conductivity of conventional fluid is increased by incorporating the nanoparticles in the base fluid. Keeping this in mind, the present research project addresses the utilization of nanoparticles in a steady three‐dimensional rotating flow of magnetohydrodynamic water‐based hybrid fluid over an extending sheet. Nanoparticles of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and silver (Ag) are being used with water (H2O) as base fluid. The velocity of nanoparticles is being captured under the influence of an inclined magnetic field and the transport of heat is scrutinized through thermal radiation. The physical model generates partial differential equations and then transported into an equivalent set of a nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The purpose of numerical computation is made by the Lobatto IIIA method, which is a type of Matlab scheme bvp4c and based on the finite difference method. Geometry of velocity profile is explained with different parameters in presence and absence of magnetic field and energy of hybrid nanofluid is explained under the influence of the inclined and perpendicular magnetic field. Gradual increment inϑbothfandgprofiles because strengthen the magnetic field results lower velocity. An increment in nanoparticle concentration of Al2O3andAggives a larger magnitude of velocity. The rotation parameter shows the rotation of nanoparticles; due to these rotations both linear and angular components of velocity increase in the presence and absence of a magnetic effect.
TMEM88 exhibits an antiproliferative and anti‐invasive effect in bladder cancer by downregulating Wnt/β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Zhao Xu , Li Gang , Chong Tie , Xue Li , Luo Qidong , Tang Xiaoshuang , Zhai Xiaoqiang , Chen Juan , Zhang Xin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTransmembrane protein 88 (TMEM88) acts as a novel tumor‐associated protein. The dysregulation of TMEM88 has been observed in several tumor types. However, the relevance of TMEM88 in tumorigenesis is still contradictory. This study assessed the relevance of TMEM88 in bladder cancer. TMEM88 levels were found to be significantly lower in bladder cancer tissue. Upregulation of TMEM88 resulted in a dramatic decrease in the cellular proliferative and invasive abilities of bladder cancer. Upregulation of TMEM88 decreased the level of active β‐catenin and prohibited the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, an effect that was associated with downregulation of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) phosphorylation. Suppression of GSK‐3β or overexpression of β‐catenin reversed the TMEM88‐induced tumor‐inhibiting effects in bladder cancer. Overexpression of TMEM88 prohibited the tumor formation and growth of bladder cancer cells in nude mice. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that TMEM88 exerts an antitumor function in bladder cancer through downregulation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling.
Mesenchymal stem cells support delivery and boost the efficacy of oncolytic reoviruses in TC‐1 tumor cells
Authors: Banijamali Razieh S. , Soleimanjahi Hoorieh , Soudi Sara , Karimi Hesam 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCancer has remained a major health problem around the world. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)‐based therapy exhibits a therapeutic effect via different mechanisms. By using MSCs as carrier cells, the major problem of clearance of oncolytic viruses is resolved by neutralizing antibodies before they react with cancer cells. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of infected MSCs by reovirus type‐3 Dearing (T3D) for in vitro cancer therapy. Adipose‐derived MSCs (AD‐MSCs) were infected with reovirus T3D and its biological properties were evaluated. Then, the effects of reovirus‐infected AD‐MSCs on cytokine profile, nitric oxide (NO) production, and apoptosis induction in TC‐1 cells were assessed. Our results indicated that the differentiation potential of AD‐MSCs was affected by reovirus. However, phenotypes were not affected after infection. Then, the effects of reovirus‐infected AD‐MSCs in TC‐1 cells showed an increased amount of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and NO production and a decreased amount of transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10). Moreover, apoptosis significantly increased via coculturing of TC‐1 cells with infected AD‐MSCs, compared with control, and both internal and external apoptosis pathways are activated in experimental groups. In conclusion, the data showed that with increasing TNF‐α and NO production and reducing IL‐10 and TGF‐β production, AD‐MSCs can enhance the oncolytic effect of reovirus in cancer cells. Furthermore, the results suggested that AD‐MSCs can be used as effective carrier cells candidate for reovirus T3D to maximize their anticancer cell activity.
Drug discovery for X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy: An unbiased screen for compounds that lower very long‐chain fatty acids
Authors: Moser Ann B. , Liu Yanqiu , Shi Xiaohai , Schrifl Ulrike , Hiebler Shandi , Fatemi Ali , Braverman Nancy E. , Steinberg Steven J. , Watkins Paul A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractX‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (XALD) is a genetic neurologic disorder with multiple phenotypic presentations and limited therapeutic options. The childhood cerebral phenotype (CCALD), a fatal demyelinating disorder affecting about 35% of patients, and the adult‐onset adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), a peripheral neuropathy affecting 40%–45% of patients, are both caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene. Both phenotypes are characterized biochemically by elevated tissue and plasma levels of saturated very long‐chain fatty acids (VLCFA), and an increase in plasma cerotic acid (C26:0), along with the clinical presentation, is diagnostic. Administration of oils containing monounsaturated fatty acids, for example, Lorenzo's oil, lowers patient VLCFA levels and reduced the frequency of development of CCALD in presymptomatic boys. However, this therapy is not currently available. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant and gene therapy remain viable therapies for boys with early progressive cerebral disease. We asked whether any existing approved drugs can lower VLCFA and thus open new therapeutic possibilities for XALD. Using SV40‐transformed and telomerase‐immortalized skin fibroblasts from an XALD patient, we conducted an unbiased screen of a library of approved drugs and natural products for their ability to decrease VLCFA, using measurement of C26:0 in lysophosphatidyl choline (C26‐LPC) by tandem mass spectrometry as the readout. While several candidate drugs were initially identified, further testing in primary fibroblast cell lines from multiple CCALD and AMN patients narrowed the list to one drug, the anti‐hypertensive drug irbesartan. In addition to lowering C26‐LPC, levels of C26:0 and C28:0 in total fibroblast lipids were reduced. The effect of irbesartan was dose dependent between 2 and 10 μM. When male XALD mice received orally administered irbesartan at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, there was no reduction in plasma C26‐LPC. However, irbesartan failed to lower mouse fibroblast C26‐LPC consistently. The results of these studies indicate a potential therapeutic benefit of irbesartan in XALD that should be validated by further study.
Development of a cell‐free protein synthesis protocol to rapidly screenL‐asparaginaseproteoforms by enzymatic activity
Authors: Lima Guilherme M , Menezes Milene C , Costa Iris M , Serrano Solange MT , Monteiro Gisele 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDCell‐free protein synthesis (CFPS) technology has emerged as a powerful tool for a variety of biotechnological applications, including the expression of different classes of biopharmaceutical products. L‐Asparaginase (E.C. Number: 3.5.1.1, L‐asparagine amidohydrolase) (L‐ASNase) is an important biopharmaceutical used to treat leukemia, but expression of multiple proteoforms in CFPS systems and rapid characterization using standard colorimetric methods has not yet been fully exploited. Herein, recombinant expression and characterization of an L‐ASNase fromErwinia chrysanthemi(Erwinase) using a new CFPS protocol is reported.RESULTSExpression and quantification of the enzymatic activity of a soluble his‐tagged L‐ASNase directly from a CFPS reaction was successfully achieved. Purification of the protein was not required in order to assess its biological activity. Activity of L‐ASNase was significantly higher than the control reaction (7.07 ± 0.68 U mL–1vs. 1.83 ± 0.14 U mL–1, respectively). Expression of a mutant Erwinase proteoform – V293M – was also achieved and it presented a similar enzymatic activity. No significant loss in L‐ASNase enzymatic activity was noticed after removal of cyclic AMP, spermidine, transfer RNA, T7 RNA polymerase and, especially, ammonium acetate (a common interference in ASNase enzymatic assays) from the CFPS reaction.CONCLUSIONThe protocol developed in this work will facilitate the screening of novel clinically‐relevant L‐ASNase proteoforms. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Uniform hypergraphs with many edge‐colorings avoiding a fixed rainbow expanded complete graph
Authors: Contiero Lucas de Oliveira , Hoppen Carlos , Lefmann Hanno , Odermann Knut 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFor fixed positive integers and , and a fixed ‐uniform hypergraph , we look for ‐vertex hypergraphs that admit the maximum number of ‐edge‐colorings with the property that there is no copy of for which all hyperedges are assigned different colors. We consider , the ‐uniform expanded complete graph, and we prove that the Turán hypergraph , the balanced ‐partite ‐uniform hypergraph on vertices, is the only extremal configuration for any and large .
Inflammasome regulation in driving COVID-19 severity in humans and immune tolerance in bats
Authors: Nagaraja Sahana , Jain Disha , Kesavardhana Sannula 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCoronaviruses (CoVs) are RNA viruses that cause human respiratory infections. Zoonotic transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the recent COVID-19 pandemic, which led to over 2 million deaths worldwide. Elevated inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity in the lungs are associated with COVID-19 severity in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. Bats, which host pathogenic CoVs, operate dampened inflammatory responses and show tolerance to these viruses with mild clinical symptoms. Delineating the mechanisms governing these host-specific inflammatory responses is essential to understand host–virus interactions determining the outcome of pathogenic CoV infections. Here, we describe the essential role of inflammasome activation in determining COVID-19 severity in humans and innate immune tolerance in bats that host several pathogenic CoVs. We further discuss mechanisms leading to inflammasome activation in human SARS-CoV-2 infection and how bats are molecularly adapted to suppress these inflammasome responses. We also report an analysis of functionally important residues of inflammasome components that provide new clues of bat strategies to suppress inflammasome signaling and innate immune responses. As spillover of bat viruses may cause the emergence of new human disease outbreaks, the inflammasome regulation in bats and humans likely provides specific strategies to combat the pathogenic CoV infections.
The Swiss Alpine zero degree line: Methods, past evolution and sensitivities
Authors: Scherrer Simon C. , Gubler Stefanie , Wehrli Kathrin , Fischer Andreas M. , Kotlarski Sven 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe near‐surface zero degree line (ZDL) is a key isotherm in mountain regions worldwide, but a detailed analysis of methods for the ZDL determination, their properties and applicability in a changing climate is missing. We here test different approaches to determine the near‐surface ZDL on a monthly scale in the Swiss Alps. A non‐linear profile yields more robust and more realistic ZDLs than a linear profile throughout the year and especially in the winter‐half year when frequent inversions disqualify a linear assumption. In the period 1871–2019, the Swiss ZDL has risen significantly in every calendar month: In northern Switzerland, the monthly ZDL increases generally amount to 300–400 m with smaller values in April and September (200–250 m) and a larger value in October (almost 500 m). The largest increases of 600–700 m but also very large uncertainties (±400 m, 95% confidence interval) are found in December and January. The increases have accelerated in the last decades, especially in spring and summer. The ZDL is currently increasing by about 160 m·°C−1 warming in the summer‐half year and by up to 340 ± 45 m·°C−1 warming in winter months. In southern Switzerland, ZDL trends and temperature scalings are somewhat smaller, especially in winter. Sensitivity analyses using a simple shift of the non‐linear temperature profile suggest that the winter ZDL‐temperature scalings are at a record high today or will reach it in the near future, and are expected to decrease with a strong future warming. Nevertheless, the cumulative ZDL increase for strong warming is considerably larger in winter than in summer. Based on a few key criteria, we also present best practises to determine the ZDL in mountain regions worldwide. The outlined methods lay a foundation for the analysis of further isotherms and to study the future ZDL evolution based on climate scenario data.