bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of sarcopenia on chemotherapy‐triggered exacerbation of interstitial lung disease in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kikuchi Ryota , Takoi Hiroyuki , Ishiwari Mayuko , Toriyama Kazutoshi , Kono Yuta , Togashi Yuki , Abe Shinji 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhile recent evidence has suggested that sarcopenia could predict chemotoxicity, its association with chemotherapy‐triggered interstitial lung disease (ILD) exacerbations has yet to be investigated. Thus, the present study sought to determine whether sarcopenia could predict ILD exacerbations and overall survival (OS) in patients with ILD‐complicated non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsFrom January 2010 to July 2020, 74 patients with ILD‐complicated NSCLC who received chemotherapy were retrospectively investigated. After categorizing patients according to the presence or absence of sarcopenia based on the psoas muscle index, ILD exacerbation rates and OS were evaluated.ResultsAmong the patients in the study, 39 were included in the sarcopenia group. Moreover, 17 (22.9%) patients developed ILD exacerbations, with the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups having an exacerbation rate of 33.3% and 11.4%, respectively (p = 0.025). Multivariate analysis identified sarcopenia as an independent predictor of ILD exacerbations (p = 0.039). Furthermore, patients with sarcopenia demonstrated a significantly shorter median OS compared to those without the same (9.2 vs. 13.3 months; p = 0.029).ConclusionsSarcopenia predicted chemotherapy‐triggered ILD exacerbation and OS in patients with ILD‐complicated NSCLC, suggesting its utility in determining treatment approaches.
Media Attention and Strategic Timing in Politics: Evidence from U.S. Presidential Executive Orders
Authors: Djourelova Milena , Durante Ruben 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDo politicians tend to adopt unpopular policies when the media and the public are distracted by other events? We examine this question by analyzing the timing of executive orders signed by U.S. presidents over the past four decades. We find robust evidence that executive orders are more likely to be signed on the eve of days when the news is dominated by other important stories that can crowd out coverage of executive orders. This relationship only holds in periods of divided government when unilateral presidential actions are more likely to be criticized by Congress. The effect is driven by executive orders that are more likely to make the news and to attract negative publicity, particularly those on topics on which president and Congress disagree. Finally, the timing of executive orders appears to be related to predictable news but not unpredictable ones, which suggests it results from a deliberate and forward‐looking PR strategy.
Metformin serum concentrations during pregnancy and post partum – A clinical study in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Espnes Ketil Arne , Hønnås Arne , Løvvik Tone S. , Gundersen Per Ole M. , Naavik Audhild , Skogvoll Eirik , Westin Andreas A. , Spigset Olav , Vanky Eszter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesMetformin is used to treat gestational diabetes. It is also used to treat women with polycystic ovary syndrome and has been shown to prevent late miscarriage and preterm birth. However, increased renal clearance during pregnancy causes a decline in serum concentrations of metformin. The aim of this study was to explore the time course of the pregnancy‐related changes in metformin pharmacokinetics and the return to the non‐pregnant state.MethodA subgroup of women in the PregMet2 study (n = 73) agreed to provide serum samples at three time‐points in pregnancy (gestational weeks 19, 28 and 32) and once in post partum, (either 2, 4 or 8 weeks after delivery). Serum metformin concentrations were compared using a four‐parameter logistic model.FindingsThe mean steady‐state serum concentration of metformin during pregnancy was 9.39 μmoL/L, whereas the post partum concentration was 12.36 μmoL/L, an increase of 32% (p = 0,019). This change took place already during the first 2 weeks post partum.ConclusionClinicians who treat pregnant women with metformin should be aware of the significant decrease in metformin concentration mediated by pregnancy, and the rapid increase after delivery, as it may impact both the therapeutic efficacy and the risk of adverse drug reactions.
Label‐free 3D characterization of cardiac fibrosis in muscular dystrophy using SHG imaging of cleared tissue
Authors: Pichon Julien , Ledevin Mireille , Larcher Thibaut , Jamme Frédéric , Rouger Karl , Dubreil Laurence 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground informationDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding dystrophin. It leads to repeated cycles of muscle fiber necrosis and regeneration and progressive replacement of fibers by fibrotic and adipose tissue, with consequent muscle weakness and premature death. Fibrosis and, in particular, collagen accumulation are important pathological features of dystrophic muscle. A better understanding of the development of fibrosis is crucial to enable better management of DMD. Three‐dimensional (3D) characterization of collagen organization by second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has already proven a highly informative means of studying the fibrotic network in tissue.ResultsHere, we combine for the first‐time tissue clearing with SHG microscopy to characterize in depth the 3D cardiac fibrosis network from DMDmdx rat model. Heart sections (1‐mm‐thick) from 1‐year‐old wild‐type (WT) and DMDmdx rats were cleared using the CUBIC protocol. SHG microscopy revealed significantly greater collagen deposition in DMDmdx versus WT sections. Analyses revealed a specific pattern of SHG+ segmented objects in DMDmdx cardiac muscle, characterized by a less elongated shape and increased density. Compared with the observed alignment of SHG+ collagen fibers in WT rats, profound fiber disorganization was observed in DMDmdx rats, in which we observed two distinct SHG+ collagen fiber profiles, which may reflect two distinct stages of the fibrotic process in DMD.Conclusion and significanceThe current work highlights the interest to combine multiphoton SHG microscopy and tissue clearing for 3D fibrosis network characterization in label free organ. It could be a relevant tool to characterize the fibrotic tissue remodeling in relation to the disease progression and/or to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic strategies in preclinical studies in DMD model or others fibrosis‐related cardiomyopathies diseases.
Maternal care and child physical health: Impact of the exposure to adverse experiences during the first year of life of vulnerable children
Authors: Scherrer Isabela Resende Silva , Moreira Janaina Matos , Alves Claudia Regina Lindgren 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can negatively affect children's current and future health.ObjectivesThis study aims to analyse the impact of ACE on the health of 12‐month‐old infants assessed by a Physical Health and Maternal Care Indicator (ISCM).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort including 170 infants born in two public services for high‐risk births in Brazil. ISCM gathers information that reflects maternal care and the child's health throughout the first year of life, such as vaccination, nutrition, growth, illnesses and accidents. The ACE impact on ISCM was analysed by multiple linear regression, and the d‐Cohen test estimated its effect size. Spearman's correlation was used to analyse the cumulative ACE effect, measured by a score reflecting events such as family dysfunction, maternal mental health, poverty and exposure to violence.ResultsMost infants were born prematurely (71.7%), had low birthweight (64.7%) and were exposed to three ACEs on average. The ISCM was lower in children exposed to maternal depression (P < 0.001, d‐Cohen = 0.08), substance abuse by family members (P = 0.02, d‐Cohen = 0.6) and marital conflicts (P = 0.03, d‐Cohen = 0.7). The Spearman's correlation showed that the greater the exposure to ACEs, the lower the ISCM (r = −0.40, P < 0.0001).ConclusionExposure to ACE, especially in the family environment, had negative effect on maternal care and child health. The impact could be detected in the first year of life and had cumulative effect. Our findings indicate the need for a broader approach to child health to minimize ACE's impacts.
Associations between interpersonal behavior and friendship quality in childhood and adolescence: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Dryburgh Nicole S. J. , Ponath Emma , Bukowski William M. , Dirks Melanie A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis meta‐analysis examined concurrent associations between aggression, withdrawal, assertion, and prosocial behavior and each of positive and negative friendship quality across studies with 22,657 children and adolescents (Mage = 11.71 years; 51.7% girls; 67.7% White). Studies were published between 1995 to 2021 and 32.4% were conducted outside of North America. Aggression was linked to more negative, = .19, 95% CI [.14, .24], and less positive, = −.05 [−.08, −.01], friendships. Withdrawal was associated with less positive friendships, = −.13 [−.18, −.08], whereas prosocial behavior was related to more positive, = .29 [.22, .37], as well as less negative, = −.16 [−.20, −.12], friendships. Assertion was related to more positive friendships, = .15 [.01, .28].
Stroke‐Based Drawing and Inbetweening with Boundary Strokes
Authors: Jiang Jie , Seah Hock Soon , Liew Hong Ze 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn conventional 2D drawing systems, a drawing usually consists of multiple layers and is composited by rendering layers from back to front. A shape in a higher layer occludes contents in lower layers. However, shapes must have boundaries that form closed regions for occlusion. This limitation causes problems in occlusion resolution. We therefore propose a method to allow users to specify and resolve occlusion in stroke‐based drawing with boundary strokes. Rather than defining shapes, we introduce boundary strokes, which are strokes with occluding sides that work as occluding surfaces. We further introduce a series of user interactions, such as grouping, linking and inverting, on the boundary strokes to realize different occlusion effects. Geometry is then used to find the regions of occluding surfaces to resolve occlusion. The drawings are ready to be coloured, if needed. We extend our method to resolve occlusion in 2D stroke‐based inbetweening. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by applying it to resolve occlusion in single drawings and 2D stroke‐based inbetweening.
Intravenous immunoglobulin in heart transplant recipients with mild to moderate hypogammaglobulinemia and infection
Authors: Hoang Johnny , Krisl Jill , Moaddab Mozhgon , Nguyen Duc T. , Graviss Edward A. , Hussain Imad , Kassi Mahwash , Yousefzai Rayan , Kim Ju , Trachtenberg Barry , Bhimaraj Arvind , Guha Ashrith 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundHypogammaglobulinemia (HGG) is a complication of solid organ transplantation leading to increased risk of infections. Intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) replacement in patients with HGG may be able to reduce risk and morbidity associated with infection; however, there is scarce data about IVIG in mild to moderate HGG (IgG 400–700 mg/dl) and heart transplant recipients.MethodsA single center, retrospective study was performed in heart transplant recipients with mild (IgG 500–700 mg/dl) to moderate (IgG 400–499 mg/dl) HGG in the presence of an infection.ResultsForty‐two patients were included in this study; 19 patients (45.2%) received IVIG and 23 (54.8%) patients did not. Patients in the IVIG group received on average one dose of IVIG at 0.5 g/kg. No differences in incidence of new infection at 3 months (26.3% vs. 17.4%; P = .71) and 6 months (42.1% vs. 34.8%; P = .63) were observed between the IVIG and non‐IVIG groups. Infections based on mild or moderate HGG also had no differences at 3 and 6 months.ConclusionOur findings suggest that a single infusion of IVIG in mild to moderate HGG may have little to no benefit in reducing incidence of new infections. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Non‐tariff measures, product quality and import demand
Authors: Yue Kan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article examines how trade effect of non‐tariff measures (NTMs) differs across quality segments of import market. NTMs reduce total import and force exit, while import from continuing partners increases, as well as their prices. Such effects are especially large for low‐end varieties. We construct a model to explain the difference between NTMs and tariffs and the various effects of NTMs at the low end of the quality distribution. We model two competing effects. First, NTMs impose minimum quality standard. Second, NTMs also inform consumers about import quality in a way that is particularly advantageous to low‐end varieties. The model predicts how these competing effects can force exit, while also altering market shares of continuing varieties.
Horizontal and vertical differentiation in comic art auctions
Authors: Blazy Régis , Blum Marie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study investigates how vertical (quality‐related) and horizontal (taste‐related) differentiation influences the probability of sale and market price of auctioned artworks. We explore a new art market, namely, original comic works. By including unsold lots, we correct the selection bias commonly found in the literature. We propose an original set of variables accounting for vertical differentiation in this market (i.e., commercial and critical successes, the artist's reputation, role, and recognition). Vertically differentiated artworks do not sell better, but warrant a premium. Regarding horizontal differentiation, newly explored variables have a significant effect on sales and (often) auction prices.
Administration of BDNF in the ventral tegmental area produces a switch from a nicotine‐non‐dependent D1R‐mediated motivational state to a nicotine‐dependent‐like D2R‐mediated motivational state
Authors: Grieder Taryn E. , Yee Mandy , Vargas‐Perez Hector , Maal‐Bared Geith , George Susan , Ting‐A‐Kee Ryan , George Olivier , van der Kooy Derek 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been implicated in the transition from a non‐dependent motivational state to a drug‐dependent and drug‐withdrawn motivational state. Chronic nicotine can increase BDNF in the rodent brain and is associated with smoking severity in humans; however, it is unknown whether this increased BDNF is linked functionally to the switch from a nicotine‐non‐dependent to a nicotine‐dependent state. We used a place conditioning paradigm to measure the conditioned responses to nicotine, showing that a dose of acute nicotine that non‐dependent male mice find aversive is found rewarding in chronic nicotine‐treated mice experiencing withdrawal. A single BDNF injection in the ventral tegmental area (in the absence of chronic nicotine treatment) caused mice to behave as if they were nicotine dependent and in withdrawal, switching the neurobiological substrate mediating the conditioned motivational effects from dopamine D1 receptors to D2 receptors. Quantification of gene expression of BDNF and its receptor, tropomyosin‐receptor‐kinase B (TrkB), revealed an increase in TrkB mRNA but not BDNF mRNA in the VTA in nicotine‐dependent and nicotine‐withdrawn mice. These results suggest that BDNF signalling in the VTA is a critical neurobiological substrate for the transition to nicotine dependence. The modulation of BDNF signalling may be a promising new pharmacological avenue for the treatment of addictive behaviour.
Mate finding in a mimetic termitophile amidst its host termites
Authors: Castiblanco Julieth , Lima Bárbara Soares Amoroso , de Carvalho Yuri Carvalho , Clemente Lara Oliveira , Pisno Raul Marques , DeSouza Og 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA frequently overlooked cost can be involved in mimetic termitophily: excess resemblance to the model may compromise intraspecific recognition lowering fitness for the mimic. We address this problem, inspecting mate‐finding behavioural strategies used by Corotoca spp. rove beetles (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) which obligatorily cohabit the termitaria of Constrictotermes cyphergaster (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). In a bioassay, we show that whole‐body chemical extracts of these rove beetles (i) elicit behavioural activity, (ii) are perceivable by contact, (iii) can be used by Corotoca spp. to disguise themselves as a termite, and (iv) elicit a trail‐following behaviour similar to the "innate" one elicited by termites on themselves. In another bioassay using a Y‐shaped olfactometer, we show that beetles, despite disguising themselves, preserve their identity by employing long‐range signals to find mates amidst a termite crowd. Our data suggest that Corotoca beetles have developed different strategies (i) to bypass the nestmate recognition performed by termites (mimicking short‐range signals) and (ii) to preserve the ability to encounter their beetle conspecifics (perceiving long‐range signals). In conclusion, our results indicate that termitophiles such as Corotoca spp, while highly integrated in termite colonies, are still able to perform conspecific recognition.
Regional‐based multi‐module spatial–temporal networks predicting city‐wide taxi pickup/dropoff demand from origin to destination
Authors: Abideen Zain Ul , Sun Heli , Yang Zhou , Fahim Hamza 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTaxi demand forecasting from origin to destination (OD) is an important component in managing public transportation needs on a city‐wide scale. Accurate taxi demand forecasting may provide several benefits, including economic and traffic flow optimization. However, due to complicated spatial–temporal connections and irregular distant locations, predicting taxi demand becomes difficult. To address these issues, we proposed a novel architecture of multi‐module spatial–temporal networks to collectively predict city‐wide OD taxi demand. In our work to deal with adjacent areas in a city, we employed the 3D convolutional neural networks to extract the spatial–temporal dependencies and learn the OD taxi demand pattern. To handle remote areas, we created an attention‐based auto encoder‐decoder, in which the input of the set of convolutional layers creates a feature matrix. The feature matrix embeds the spatial–temporal correlation jointly and passing through the encoder layer. We encode the spatial–temporal features with the help of pooling layer, then flatten layer used the back‐propagation method to decode the weight matrix. We apply the normalization function to determine the demand pattern influences. The influence vector we compute with the Euclidean distance formula to determine the similarity of all distant regions. Finally, we use the attention mechanism to calculate the attention weight score for each region that its neighbour impacted. Then we used long short‐term memory, we captured the significant relationship of spatial–temporal dependencies with external factors. We train our model simultaneously to forecast city‐wide taxi services OD. We have performed comprehensive experiments and large‐scale dataset comparisons that reveal the taxi demand prediction problem.
Black fathers' personal histories, worldviews, and fathering behaviors
Authors: Dilworth‐Bart Janean E. , Wallace Bakari , Olaiya Oona‐Ife 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe examined links between boyhood and fatherhood in a thematic analysis of Black men's narratives about their childhood histories, connection of these experiences to their views about fathering, and descriptions of their fathering relationships and behaviors.BackgroundThere remains a critical need to understand how Black men father in a sociohistorical context that defines them as absent or deficient.MethodWe conducted in‐depth, semistructured qualitative interviews with 30 Black fathers with children in 4‐year‐old kindergarten through grade 12 education. We used life course theory and an integrative model of child development as conceptual frameworks to guide a mixed deductive–inductive analysis.ResultsWe identified three categories and seven themes within the categories: Personal History (Intergenerational Relationships, Negotiating Race and Racism, Turning Points), Fathering Worldview (Being a Father: The Nurturer, The Educator; Fathering Black Children), and Fathering Relationships and Behaviors (Father–Child Interaction, Racial Armoring). We also identified fathers' explicit connections of their Personal Histories to their Fathering Worldviews and, thereby, their Fathering Relationships and Behaviors.ConclusionThis article addresses ways that Black men make sense of their personal histories and connect these histories to how they raise their children.ImplicationsThis discussion of intergenerational linking of lives and turning points has significant implications for understanding Black family development in the racialized context of the United States and highlights the need for comprehensive mental health support for Black men and their families that focuses on racial trauma along with conceptual and empirical focus on impacts of anti‐Blackness on individual and family well‐being.
On the impact of knowledge and institutional spillovers on RIS efficiency. Evidence from Italian regional level
Authors: Barra Cristian , Ruggiero Nazzareno 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUsing regional Italian data over the 2004–2011 period, we embed, within the framework of a double‐bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), both knowledge and institutional spillovers to appraise how the latter affect Regional Innovation System (RIS) efficiency and further investigate how the quality of institutions interacts with RIS efficiency. Our evidence suggests that both knowledge and institutional spillovers enhance RIS efficiency. We find evidence of spillovers of control of corruption, government effectiveness, voice and accountability and regulatory quality, though these results crucially depend on the set of inputs employed. Once the two types of spillovers enter jointly, rather than separately, our specifications, the evidence indicates that both these spillovers positively affect RIS efficiency and their impact is quantitatively comparable. There is also some evidence of a positive effect of regional institutional quality on RIS efficiency, although the result is mediated by increased government effectiveness. In terms of policy implications, the evidence reported in this paper suggests that measures aimed at favouring cooperation among firms, that facilitate an easier imitation strategy and that improve governance are highly recommendable.