bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic evaluation of source reconstruction of resting MEG of the human brain with a new high‐resolution atlas: Performance, precision, and parcellation
Authors: Tait Luke , Özkan Ayşegül , Szul Maciej J. , Zhang Jiaxiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNoninvasive functional neuroimaging of the human brain can give crucial insight into the mechanisms that underpin healthy cognition and neurological disorders. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures extracranial magnetic fields originating from neuronal activity with high temporal resolution, but requires source reconstruction to make neuroanatomical inferences from these signals. Many source reconstruction algorithms are available, and have been widely evaluated in the context of localizing task‐evoked activities. However, no consensus yet exists on the optimum algorithm for resting‐state data. Here, we evaluated the performance of six commonly‐used source reconstruction algorithms based on minimum‐norm and beamforming estimates. Using human resting‐state MEG, we compared the algorithms using quantitative metrics, including resolution properties of inverse solutions and explained variance in sensor‐level data. Next, we proposed a data‐driven approach to reduce the atlas from the Human Connectome Project's multi‐modal parcellation of the human cortex based on metrics such as MEG signal‐to‐noise‐ratio and resting‐state functional connectivity gradients. This procedure produced a reduced cortical atlas with 230 regions, optimized to match the spatial resolution and the rank of MEG data from the current generation of MEG scanners. Our results show that there is no “one size fits all” algorithm, and make recommendations on the appropriate algorithms depending on the data and aimed analyses. Our comprehensive comparisons and recommendations can serve as a guide for choosing appropriate methodologies in future studies of resting‐state MEG.
Nonlinear radiation on Maxwell fluid in a convective heat transfer with viscous dissipation and activation energy
Authors: Gangadhar Kotha , Vijayakumar D. , Thangavelu Kannan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe present analysis addresses linear and nonlinear radiation effects in hydrodynamic viscous Maxwell fluid flow on a unidirectional stretching surface through viscous dissipation. The relaxation effect is considered in the mathematical model, which elucidates mass transport mechanisms under binary chemical reaction and activation energy. Mathematical modeling contains nonlinear partial differential equations using boundary conditions. Appropriate transformations convert the partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. Numerical solutions for regular differential equations are brought by Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg numerical quadrature and a shooting method with a tolerance level of 10−9. The influence of physical variables, such as Deborah relaxation number, rotation parameter, Biot number, activation energy parameter, reaction rate parameter, Eckert number, and Prandtl number are investigated. Increasing the Biot number improves the temperature region in the boundary layer. With high rotation, the increasing Deborah number enhances the fluid temperature substantially throughout the boundary layer.
Absolute quantification of 2‐hydroxyglutarate on tissue by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging for rapid and precise identification of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations in human glioma
Authors: Lan Chunyan , Li Hainan , Wang Lei , Zhang Jing , Wang Xiaodong , Zhang Rumeng , Yuan Xiaoai , Wu Taihua , Wu Jie , Lu Ming , Ma Xu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIsocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene mutations are important predictive molecular markers to guide surgical strategy in brain cancer therapy. Herein, we presented a method using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) for absolute quantification of 2‐hydroxyglutarate (2‐HG) on tissues to identify IDH mutations and evaluate tumor residue. This analytical method was tested among 34 glioma patients and validated with gold standard clinical technologies. The cut‐off value of 2‐HG was set as 0.81 pmol/μg to identify IDH mutant (IDHmt) gliomas with 100% specificity and sensitivity. In addition, 2‐HG levels and tumor cell density (TCD) showed positive correlation in IDHmt gliomas by this spatial method. This MALDI MSI‐based absolute quantification method has great potentiality for incorporating into surgical workflow in the future.
Is it beneficial for patients with pT1‐2N1M0 breast cancer to receive postmastectomy radiotherapy? An analysis based on RecurIndex assay
Authors: Zhang Lina , Zhou Mengli , Liu Yueping , Du Furong , Tang Jiyu , Wang Ning , Song Chao , Geng Cuizhi , Duan Huijun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe benefit of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) for pT1‐2N1M0 breast cancer patients currently remains controversial. This study was conducted to investigate whether pT1‐2N1M0 breast cancer patients could benefit from PMRT based on RecurIndex assay. The clinical data of 213 pT1‐2N1M0 breast cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed. Through RecurIndex assay, 81 cases were assessed as the low risk, and 132 as the high risk. Compared to low‐risk patients, high‐risk patients especially those not receiving PMRT had a significantly increased risk of recurrence and metastasis, and worse 7‐year local‐regional recurrence‐free interval (LRFI), distance recurrence‐free interval (DRFI) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rates. PMRT‐based subgroup analysis indicated no significant differences between the low‐risk patients with and without PMRT in 7‐year LRFI, DRFI, RFS and overall survival (OS) rates, but apparent differences were all shown between the high‐risk patients with and without PMRT in 7‐year LRFI, DRFI, RFS and OS rates. Overall, for pT1‐2N1M0 breast cancer patients at low risk of recurrence and metastasis stratified by RecurIndex assay, there may be a phenomenon of no PMRT benefits, while for those at high risk, use of PMRT may produce survival benefits.
TWEEC: Computer‐aided glaucoma diagnosis from retinal images using deep learning techniques
Authors: Abdel‐Hamid Lamiaa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA novel two‐branched deep convolutional (TWEEC) network is developed for computer‐aided glaucoma diagnosis. The TWEEC network is designed to simultaneously extract anatomical information related to the optic disc and surrounding blood vessels which are the retinal structures most affected by glaucoma progression. The spatial retinal images and wavelet approximation subbands are compared as inputs to the proposed network. TWEEC's performance is compared to three implemented convolutional networks, one of which employs transfer learning. Experiments showed that the introduced TWEEC network achieved accuracies of 98.78% and 96.34% for the spatial and wavelet inputs, respectively, by that outperforming the other three deep networks by 8‐15%. This work paves the way for the development of efficient deep learning based computer‐aided glaucoma diagnosis tools. Moreover, the present study illustrates that considering specific wavelet subbands for the training of convolutional networks can result in reliable performance with the advantage of reduced overall network training time.
Proper deficit irrigation applied at various stages of growth can maintain yield and improve the comprehensive fruit quality and economic return of table grapes grown in greenhouses*
Authors: Jiang Xuelian , Liu Binggang , Guan Xueqiang , Wang Ziqiang , Wang Baojie , Zhao Sheng , Song Yunpeng , Zhao Yueling , Bi Junlai 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn order to investigate the quantitative response of yield, fruit quality and economic return of table grapes grown in greenhouses under deficit irrigation applied at various growth stages, experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018. Three irrigation levels (full irrigation, 2/3 and 1/3‐full irrigation) were applied at the fruit setting–swelling (stage 2), veraison (stage 4) and whole growth stages. The comprehensive fruit quality index (Qc) was determined in order to evaluate the overall quality of the berries and its effect on economic return. The results showed that deficit irrigation significantly decreased evapotranspiration (ET) and yield, and improved water use efficiency (WUE), individual quality parameters and Qc. Fruit quality was more sensitive to water deficit at stage 4 than at stage 2. Significant linear functions were found between a relative decrease in yield, berry quality parameters, Qc and a relative seasonal ET deficit. Net income under deficit irrigation was related to the price proportional coefficient (R). Higher net income was mainly determined by a higher yield when R was less than 1, while higher net income was determined by a higher Qc when R was greater than 3. An appropriate water deficit level at stages 2 and 4 (F2/3V2/3) is recommended as an optimal treatment as it produces a higher Qc, the highest WUE and net income without a significant decrease in yield.
Lipocalin 2 increases after high‐intensity exercise in humans and influences muscle gene expression and differentiation in mice
Authors: Ponzetti Marco , Aielli Federica , Ucci Argia , Cappariello Alfredo , Lombardi Giovanni , Teti Anna , Rucci Nadia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLipocalin 2 (LCN2) is an adipokine that accomplishes several functions in diverse organs. However, its importance in muscle and physical exercise is currently unknown. We observed that following acute high‐intensity exercise (“Gran Sasso d'Italia” vertical run), LCN2 serum levels were increased. The Wnt pathway antagonist, DKK1, was also increased after the run, positively correlating with LCN2, and the same was found for the cytokine Interleukin 6. We, therefore, investigated the involvement of LCN2 in muscle physiology employing an Lcn2 global knockout (Lcn2−/−) mouse model. Lcn2−/− mice presented with smaller muscle fibres but normal muscle performance (grip strength metre) and muscle weight. At variance with wild type (WT) mice, the inflammatory cytokine Interleukin 6 was undetectable in Lcn2−/− mice at all ages. Intriguingly, Lcn2−/− mice did not lose gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscle mass and muscle performance following hindlimb suspension, while at variance with WT, they lose soleus muscle mass. In vitro, LCN2 treatment reduced the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 and primary mouse myoblasts and influenced their gene expression. Treating myoblasts with LCN2 reduced myogenesis, suggesting that LCN2 may negatively affect muscle physiology when upregulated following high‐intensity exercise.
Castration fever: On trans, China, and psychoanalysis
Authors: Chiang Howard 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis essay considers the evolution of the author's research over the last 15 years in which the treatment of castration as a historical problem holds promise for bridging disparate scholarly fields and paradigms. In particular, by tracing the shift in the author's intellectual focus from the science of sex change to the history of transcultural psychoanalysis, some insights are offered in regard to the intertwined politics of transness, Chineseness, and the unconscious. Though psychoanalysis may appear as a subject far removed from the eunuchs of ancient China, this essay highlights some of the methodological stakes that have saturated the historical study of both topics. These reflections can serve as a touchstone for thinking beyond disciplinary norms and conventions, especially in Chinese studies and the history of science.
Intercomparison of drift correction alternatives for CMIP5 decadal precipitation
Authors: Hossain Md Monowar , Garg Nikhil , Anwar A. H. M. Faisal , Prakash Mahesh , Bari Mohammed 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDecadal experiments' output of the coupled model inter‐comparison project phase‐5 (CMIP5) contains significant model drift. For practical use of CMIP5 decadal climate variables, it is necessary to correct this model drift. In previous studies, drift correction of CMIP5 decadal data of temperature and temperature‐based climate indices have been investigated, but there is no study that investigated the drift correction of decadal precipitation at a catchment scale. This study investigates the practical use of CMIP5 decadal precipitation data on seasonal scale using different drift correction alternatives for Brisbane catchment in Australia. For this, decadal monthly precipitation data from eight GCMs (EC‐EARTH, MRI‐CGCM3, MPI‐ESM‐LR, MPI‐ESM‐MR, MIROC4h, MIROC5 and CanCM4) were cut for the Australian region. By using the bi‐linear interpolation, the GCM data were re‐gridded to 0.05° × 0.05° spatial resolution matching with the observed gridded precipitation data collected from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Both model and observed data were subset for the Brisbane catchment and aggregated into seasonal means for Australian seasons. Four drift correction alternatives including one new modified method were employed for the selected GCM models and the models were categorized based on their performances using different skill scores. The results revealed that the performance of drift correction alternatives vary among different models and initialization years. Although some drift correction methods showed better performances than others for a given model but it is still difficult to suggest the most suitable method for seasonal precipitation. Drift correction approaches for other time scales such as monthly precipitation, and their application for individual ensemble members may be investigated further to better understand the implications of alternative drift corrections for decadal forecasting.
Reassessment of the ‘Abbevillien’ in the perspective of new discoveries from the Lower Palaeolithic and Quaternary sites of Abbeville (Somme, northern France)
Authors: Moncel Marie‐hélène , Antoine Pierre , Hurel Arnaud , Bahain Jean‐Jacques 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTNorth‐West Europe yields few traces of early human occupation, in particular for the Acheulean. In this context, the Somme Valley in northern France offers a route to Britain during various Pleistocene low sea levels, and has provided numerous evidence of Lower Palaeolithic human occupation through fieldwork initiated during the 19th century. These localities are associated with the original definition in the 1930s by the French prehistorian Abbé Henri Breuil of the ‘Abbevillien’ (Abbevillian facies), based on lithic pieces including crudely made bifaces recovered in particular in some famous key localities of Abbeville, Carpentier, Léon and Moulin Quignon quarries. The history of the term and its definition subsequently gave rise to debates concerning the chronocultural framework of Palaeolithic assemblages among the scientific community of prehistorians over time, from Jacques Boucher de Perthes, Gabriel de Mortillet, Geoffroy d'Ault du Mesnil, Victor Commont, Henri Breuil and François Bordes. New investigations at these three localities, all associated with the High Terrace of the Somme system, pushed back the age of the expansion of the Acheulean both in northern France and in Western Europe to c. 670–650 000 years. They imply that early hominins were able to settle in North‐West Europe during both climatic temperate and cold phases. Our work, including new excavations and associated field observations of the three Abbeville localities involved at the onset of the controversy, allows a re‐examination of the Abbevillian and contributes to the discussion of the history of Prehistoric Science and the Earliest ‘Acheuleans’ in North‐West Europe.
The onset of secondary seed dispersal is controlled by germination‐features: A neglected process in sudden saltmarsh establishment
Authors: Zhao Zhiyuan , Zhang Liquan , Li Xiuzhen , Yuan Lin , Bouma Tjeerd J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEffective seed dispersal is critical for enabling rapid state shift from a bare tidal flat to a vegetated marsh. While tidal currents are the main dispersal vector in coastal environments, biological characteristics that keep seeds afloat have been shown to influence primary seed dispersal, i.e., seed departure from the parent plant. In contrast, secondary seed dispersal processes that move (germinated) seeds trapped within microsites have been largely neglected. Here, we explore the extent to which the coupling between biotic traits and abiotic factors affects secondary seed dispersal, and whether secondary seed dispersal may explain sudden saltmarsh establishment (i.e., rapid colonization of bare tidal flat by large numbers of seedlings in spring). We used two widely spread pioneer species: Scripus mariqueter and Spartina alterniflora. Combined flume and field results demonstrated that: (1) germination stage, current velocity, and sedimentary regime have a marked effect on the probability of secondary seed dispersal by influencing the threshold lift‐off velocity of (germinated) seeds within microsites; (2) density and bud length are critical biotic traits that best predict the potential of secondary‐dispersal onset after seed germination; (3) S. alterniflora possess a stronger secondary dispersal ability compared to S. mariqueter; and (4) secondary dispersal of germinated seeds in spring may explain observed sudden marsh establishment on bare tidal flats. Our findings provide novel insight relevant to understanding the drivers of seed dispersal and thereby sudden saltmarsh establishment events, with important implications for understanding the effects of climate change on critical state transitions and enabling human‐aided restoration.
“My life is a mess, I deserve a brownie:” Justifying indulgence by overstating the severity of life problems
Authors: Tezer Ali , Sobol Kamila 
Published: July 2021

AbstractConsumers frequently experience goal conflict, where they have to choose between staying on course to achieve a goal and succumbing to a tempting indulgence that interrupts goal pursuit. This study introduces a novel strategy consumers use to justify the choice of an indulgent (goal‐conflicting) option over a righteous (goal‐aligned) one. In three experimental studies involving real consumption decisions, the authors show that before choosing a goal‐conflicting option over a goal‐aligned one, consumers overstate the severity of their life problems before making their choice to feel more deserving of the indulgence. This justification strategy is apparent when the goal‐conflicting option is chosen over a goal‐aligned option (vs. over another goal‐conflicting option—i.e., no goal conflict), and when the severity of life problems is reported before (vs. after) making the final choice. Furthermore, the findings reveal a positive downstream consequence of the proposed justification strategy on choice satisfaction. These findings contribute to the growing research on consumers' tendency to create reasons to justify indulgences, in this case at the expense of deliberately degrading one's current state to feel more deserving of indulgence.
Conducting a state‐of‐the‐art mental health survey in a traditional setting: Challenges and lessons from piloting the World Mental Health Survey in Qatar
Authors: Khaled Salma M. , Petcu Catalina , Bader Lina , Amro Iman , Al‐Assi Marwa , Le Trung Kien , Mneimneh Zeina N. , Sampson Nancy A. , Kessler Ronald C. , Woodruff Peter W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesA small country in the Arabian Peninsula, Qatar experienced rapid economic growth in the last 3 decades accompanied by major socio‐demographic shifts towards a younger and more highly educated population. To date, no national epidemiological study has examined the prevalence, associated factors, or sequelae of mental disorders in Qatar's general population.MethodsThe World Mental Health Qatar (WMHQ) is a national mental health needs assessment survey and is the first carried out in collaboration with the World Mental Health Survey initiative to assess the prevalence and burden of psychiatric illnesses among the full Arabic speaking population (nationals and non‐nationals) within the same country.ResultsStandard translation and harmonization procedures were used to develop the WMHQ instrument. A survey quality control system with standard performance indicators was developed to ensure interviewer adherence to standard practices. A pilot study was then carried out just prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Endorsement from public health authorities and sequential revision of the interview schedule led to full survey completion (as opposed to partial completion) and good overall response rate.ConclusionsThe WMHQ survey will provide timely and actionable information based on quality enhancement procedures put in place during the development and piloting of the study.
Proteome profiling of chicken ovarian follicles immediately before and after cyclic recruitment
Authors: Ghanem Kahina , Johnson Alan L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA shotgun proteomics study using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification labeling was conducted to characterize proteins in chicken ovarian follicles immediately before and after cyclic recruitment. Granulosa cell (GC) layers from the most recently recruited follicle (GC9) and from each of the four largest prerecruitment follicles (GC1–4) plus theca tissue (TH) from the most recently recruited (TH9) and largest prerecruitment (TH1) follicles were compared. Of 1535 proteins identified, none were determined to be differentially expressed between TH9 and TH1. A pairwise comparison between GC9 and GC1, GC2, GC3, or GC4 resulted in one, five, five, and six differentially expressed proteins, respectively, including yolk and cholesterol transport proteins (vitellogenin 1–3 and apolipoprotein B). In addition, transforming growth factor‐beta 1 and microRNA‐21 pathways were predicted to be activated at recruitment. We also report, for the first time, the expression of the neuropeptide, RELAXIN‐3 (RLN3), in GC. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction determined RLN3 expression to be highest in GC9 and GC1, but its receptors, RXFP1 and RXFP3, were highest in TH and ovarian stroma, respectively. Overall, cyclic recruitment is associated with changes in protein expression predominantly within follicle GC, and a potential role for RLN3 in follicle recruitment and the initiation of GC differentiation warrants further investigation.
Mechanical properties of 3D printed macroscopic models of schwarzites
Authors: Gaal Vladimir , Felix Levi C. , Woellner Cristiano F. , Galvao Douglas S. , Tiwary Chandra Sekhar , d'Ávila Marcos Akira , Rodrigues Varlei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAdditive manufacturing allows to produce parts with complex geometries is an essential tool in materials science. Schwarzites is a class of carbon allotropes with interesting mechanical properties. However, most of the schwarzite studies are theoretical until now because the synthesis of large schwarzite fragments remains elusive. In this work, we have carried out molecular dynamics simulations, and extensive experimental tests of 3D printed schwarzites to study their mechanical behavior. Our results show that this behavior does not strongly depend on printed used material, model size, or the number of structural unit cells. We also observed a strong correlation between the stress‐strain curves of 3D printed and the ones obtained from fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Both results show the same trends for almost all investigated schwarzites, suggesting that topological features and scale‐size invariant dominate some deformation mechanisms. Our results further validate the use of atomic models of materials with complex geometries that are impractical or very difficult to synthesize, translated into macro models that can be 3D printed, and offer an innovative engineered approach to produce new materials with tunable mechanical behavior.