bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature effects on the nutritional quality in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) during ultraviolet depuration
Authors: Cong Xiaohan , Wang Qi , Sun Cheng , Yu Fanqianhui , Chen Lipin , Sun Zhongkai , Shi Haohao , Xue Changhu , Li Zhaojie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundOysters are mainly consumed in the raw form, so it is important to get rid of bacteria and other harmful substances. Ultraviolet (UV) sterilization depuration is a commonly used method and does not produce chemical residues or act directly on shellfish, resulting in minimal adverse effects on flavor. This study simulated the industrial depuration process using UV sterilization to depurate Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). The effects of different temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C) on the quality and taste components of C. gigas were investigated by measuring changes in physiological and biochemical indexes in C. gigas tissue samples.ResultsAt the end of depuration, no oyster mortality occurred, but it was up to 55% at 25 °C at 84 h. Glycogen content decreased the most at 25 °C at 48 h. The fatty acid content was higher at 20 and 25 °C. Succinic acid content decreased significantly and was higher at 20 and 25 °C at 48 h with no significant difference. Total free amino acid (FAA) content was significantly higher at 20 °C, however, there were no significant differences in nucleotide content at any temperature at 48 h. Adenylate energy charge (AEC) values decreased, with higher values at 15 and 25 °C, and equivalent umami concentration (EUC) values increased, with higher values at 20 and 25 °C.ConclusionConsidering the changes in flavor substances and mortality rate, 20 °C is the appropriate temperature for UV sterilization depuration of C. gigas to produce better edible quality. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Is local recurrence in bone and soft tissue sarcomas just a local recurrence or does it impact the overall survival, retrospective cohort from a sarcoma referral center
Authors: Hasan Obada , Nasir Momin , Jessar Muneeba , Hashimi Mustafa , An Qiang , Miller Benjamin J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSarcoma local recurrence (LR) is often associated with metastasis, but it is unclear if LR can be a causal event leading to metastasis. We question if LR is best viewed as an independent oncologic event or as a worrisome harbinger threatening a patient's overall survival.MethodsWe identified patients with LR and/or metastasis from an ongoing cohort of 629 patients with primary sarcoma and performed a detailed review to assess the timing of metastasis resulting in the following groups: (1) Isolated LR, (2) LR before metastasis, (3) LR within 6 months of metastasis, (4) LR 6–12 months after metastasis, (5) LR >12 months after metastasis, and (6) metastasis at diagnosis.ResultsOverall, 43 patients met the inclusion criteria with an LR rate of 7%. Ten patients (2% of the entire cohort, 23% of LR) developed an LR before or within 6 months of metastasis. For patients without systemic disease preceding LR, 3 of 23 soft tissue sarcoma STS (13%) and 7 of 10 bone sarcoma (70%) subsequently developed metastasis (p < 0.01).ConclusionLR with subsequent metastasis is a rare event. LR appears to be best viewed as a marker of tumor aggressiveness rather than the cause of metastasis and poor survival. LR in bone sarcoma patients should warn providers of a high risk of imminent metastasis.
New linear integral kinetic parameters assessment method based on an accurate approximate formula of temperature integral
Authors: Akbi Hamdane , Mekki Ahmed , Rafai Souleyman 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis work concerns a proposition of a new assessment method to obtain kinetic parameters from nonisothermal solid‐state kinetics, based on a new and accurate approximate formula of temperature integral. The new formula was derived numerically by a two‐step linearly fitting process without using any further approximating series. The relative error involved in the activation energy has been estimated and found to be less than 0.001% in the practical range of 15 < x < 60. A comparison of the suggested approximations to published approximates has shown significant improvements in terms of accuracy at high and low x values. The validity of the new method has been confirmed by computing activation energy from experimental data. Moreover, two approaches have been proposed to determine the kinetic reaction model and preexponential factor based on the new approximate formula. The comparison of the obtained results arising from the application of the present method to others obtained by the most widely reported methods in the literature shows a remarkable preeminence of the new method.
The effects of crosslinking agents on faba bean flour–chitosan‐curcumin films and their characterization
Authors: Yildiz Eda , Ilhan Esmanur , Kahyaoglu Leyla Nesrin , Sumnu Gulum , Oztop Mecit Halil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough glutaraldehyde (GLU) has been frequently preferred to improve some characteristics of bio‐degradable food packages, it is regarded as a hazardous chemical. Therefore, in this study, the possibility of replacement GLU with citric acid (CA) a non‐toxic compound was questioned in a film formation. Different ratios of GLU and CA on faba bean flour, chitosan, and curcumin film were examined. To determine the most favorable film composition, water solubility (WS), swelling degree (SD), water contact angle (WCA), water vapor permeability (WVP), and mechanical properties of the films were examined. In addition, the effects of crosslinking agent and their ratios on crystallinity (XRD), thermal properties (DSC and TGA), and antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS) were also studied. Time Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (TD‐ NMR) relaxometry was also employed to explain distribution and mobility of the protons in faba bean flour, chitosan, and curcumin films. At the end of the analysis, it was concluded that CA and GLU reduced SD by 75% and 13% compared to the films without cross‐linker, respectively. Incorporation of crosslinking agent increased the WCA from 77.22° to 99.41° and caused formation of more hydrophobic surfaces. Increasing both crosslinking ratios restricted the permeance drastically which was more than 110%. Furthermore, the lowest WVP was measured for the films containing CA at 1.5% w/v ratio (FC‐1.5C). While GLU improved the tensile strength (TS) of the film, lower elongation of the films caused formation of brittle character which limited the utilization of the films. At the end of the analysis, it was concluded that FC‐1.5 had more feasible character with respect to the other films and CA was suggested as a crosslinking agent instead of GLU for faba bean‐chitosan films.
Biallelic PTRHD1 Frameshift Variants Associated with Intellectual Disability, Spasticity, and Parkinsonism
Authors: Al‐Kasbi Ghalia , Al‐Saegh Abeer , Al‐Qassabi Ahmed , Al‐Jabry Tariq , Zadjali Fahad , Al‐Yahyaee Said , Al‐Maawali Almundher 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundPTRHD1 was proposed as a disease‐causing gene of intellectual disability, spasticity, and parkinsonism.ObjectivesTo characterize the clinical phenotype and the molecular cause of intellectual disability in four affected individuals of a consanguineous family.MethodsClinical evaluation, whole‐exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real‐time PCR, immunoblot, and isoelectric focusing.ResultsA homozygous 28‐nucleotide frameshift deletion introducing a premature stop codon in the PTRHD1 exon 1 was identified in the four affected members. We further confirmed the apparent transcript escape of the nonsense‐mediated messenger RNA (mRNA) decay pathway. Real‐time PCR showed that mRNA expression of the mutant PTRHD1 is higher compared to the wild‐type. Western blotting and isoelectric focusing identified a truncated, but stable mutant PTRHD1 protein expressed in the patient's primary cells.ConclusionsWe provide further evidence that PTRHD1 mutations are associated with autosomal‐recessive childhood‐onset intellectual disability associated with spasticity and parkinsonism.
Independent cover isogeometric Reissner‐Mindlin shell model for the simulation of the fabricated lining
Authors: Cai Yongchang , Chen Jingxu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe fabricated lining is widely used in the underground rail transit, water conveyance system and river‐crossing tunnel. It is generally composed of the precast concrete segments, joints, bolts and reinforcements. Compression and separation often coexist in a single joint, which brings great challenges to the modeling and calculation of the fabricated lining. In this paper, an independent cover isogeometric Reissner‐Mindlin shell model (denoted as the ICI‐R shell model) is proposed for the simulation of the fabricated lining. In the ICI‐R shell model, each segment is regarded as an independent cover, whose geometry is described with the nonuniform rational B‐splines (NURBS) surface, and an isogeometric displacement function is defined based on the Reissner‐Mindlin shell deformation theory. The adjacent segments are connected with the fictitious thin layers, of which the normal and tangential deformations and stresses can be correctly calculated. Within this framework, the difficulties in the continuity‐discontinuity coupling analysis occurring when using the existing shell models are well solved, and the fabricated lining can be simulated expediently. The ICI‐R shell model has the advantages of clear physical meaning, concise formulas and convenient implementation. Benefiting from the strong capability of representing geometries of NURBS and the simplicity of the formulation of the ICI‐R shell model, the parameterized modeling and automatic calculation of the fabricated lining can be easily achieved for simplifying the analysis process and reducing user cost for geotechnical engineers. The successful application in the benchmark tests and engineering example shows the versatility, efficiency and robustness of the ICI‐R shell model.
Polyaniline decorated graphene oxide on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membrane for direct methanol fuel cells application
Authors: Yogarathinam Lukka Thuyavan , Jaafar Juhana , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Goh Pei Sean , Bin Mohamed Mohd Hilmi , Radzi Hanifah Mohamad Fahrul , Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran , Peter Jerome 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC), methanol crossover is a major issue which has reduced the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) for energy generation. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) and conductive polyaniline decorated GO (PANI‐GO) were used as additives in fabrication of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) nanocomposite PEM membrane to reduce methanol crossover. PANI‐GO was synthesized by in situ polymerization method and the formation of PANI coated GO nanostructures was confirmed by surface morphology and crystallinity analysis. The membrane morphology and topography analysis confirmed that GO and PANI‐GO were well dispersed on the surface of SPEEK membrane. 0.1 wt% PANI‐GO modified SPEEK nanocomposite membrane exhibited the highest water uptake and ion exchange capacity of 40% and 1.74 meq g−1, respectively. The oxidative stability of the nanocomposite membranes also improved. Lower methanol permeability of 4.33 × 10−7 cm−2S−1 was noticed for 0.1 wt% PANI‐GO modified SPEEK membrane. PANI‐GO modified SPEEK membrane enhanced the proton conductivity, which was due to the existence of acidic and hydrophilic group present in PANI and GO. PANI‐GO modified SPEEK membrane held higher selectivity of 1.94 × 104 S cm−3 s−1. Overall, these studies revealed that PANI‐GO modified SPEEK membrane is a potential material for DMFC applications.
Glomerular filtration rate in children and young adults with haemato‐oncological disease and infection is best described by three‐compartment iohexol model
Authors: Soeorg Hiie , Noortoots Aveli , Karu Maarja , Saks Kadri , Lass Jana , Lutsar Irja , Kõrgvee Lenne‐Triin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground: Children with cancer and infection may develop glomerular hyperfiltration. With the aim to determine the prevalence of glomerular hyperfiltration in children and young adults with haemato‐oncological disease and infection, we developed population pharmacokinetic model of iohexol. We further aimed to assess the accuracy of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations and single‐ or two‐point measured GFR (mGFR) formulas compared with GFR based on iohexol clearance from our population pharmacokinetic model (iGFR).Procedure: Hospitalised patients (0.5–25 years) with haemato‐oncological disease and infection were included if their eGFR was ≥80 ml/min/1.73 m2at the screening visit. Iohexol plasma concentrations were described by population pharmacokinetic model. Bias, precision and accuracy of 23 eGFR equations and 18 mGFR formulas were calculated.Results: Total of 32 iohexol administrations were performed in 28 patients. Median (range) eGFR was 136 ml/min/1.73 m2 (74–234) and age 15.1 years (0.8–26.0). Three‐compartment model with allometric scaling of central, one peripheral compartment and clearance (with power 0.75) to weight fitted the best. Median (range) iGFR was 103 ml/min/1.73 m2(68–140). All except one eGFR equation overestimated GFR. Lund–Malmö revised eGFR equation performed the best, followed by Gao equation. Of single‐ or two‐point mGFR formulas, 15 overestimated iGFR. Modified Jacobsson formula at 5.5 hours performed the best, followed by Fleming formula at 3 hours.Conclusions: In children and young adults with haemato‐oncological disease and infection, renal function is best described by iohexol clearance from three‐compartment pharmacokinetic model, while eGFR equations and single‐ and two‐point mGFR formulas overestimate iGFR.
An overview on current manufacturing technologies: Processing continuous rovings impregnated with thermoset resin
Authors: Arrabiyeh Peter A. , May David , Eckrich Maximilian , Dlugaj Anna M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe demand for products made of fiber‐reinforced polymer composites (FRPC) is constantly growing. These lightweight products are characterized by high stiffness, high tensile strength, and high service life. FRPC processes that employ thermoset‐impregnated continuous rovings are easily automated and provide the products with the highest unidirectional tensile strength. A critical disadvantage of continuous fiber‐reinforced polymers is caused by relatively high production costs. Among others, three main factors contribute to these production costs: (1) material costs, especially when carbon fibers are used, (2) costs for manufacturing semi‐finished products, such as textiles or preimpregnated fabrics, and (3) costs for waste occurring along the entire chain of process steps. In this context, one group of processes shows outstanding characteristics: processes in which rovings are in situ impregnated with a thermoset resin and then directly processed. Wet filament winding and pultrusion are the most popular but not the only representatives of this group. For all these processes, in situ impregnation is the key element, and various technologies have been developed for this purpose, each with its own unique fluid‐mechanical effects on rovings. A fundamental understanding of these effects is crucial to achieve products of the utmost quality. The paper at hand provides an overview of manufacturing processes that employ in situ impregnation of continuous rovings, specifically focusing on impregnation technologies. On this basis, phenomenological models describing the effects on the rovings during processing (impregnation, tension, and spreading) are reviewed.
Influence of nanofillers on biodegradable composites: A comprehensive review
Authors: Jagadeesh Praveenkumara , Puttegowda Madhu , Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe continuous delivery of E‐waste from petroleum‐based products creates ecological and environmental problems due to non‐biodegradable polymers, which release harmful chemicals and toxic gases. This results in biodegradable polymers/fibers appearance, which are biocompatible and degrade in the surrounding environments without causing any environmental pollution and these relieve environmental burden. However, the bio‐based materials are unable to meet certain properties in the way of flexibility, dielectric properties, electrical properties, water and gas vapor barrier properties. The current day's research focus is towards the implementation of biodegradable composites properties by introducing different nanostructures. The biopolymers/biofibers are used as raw material in concern with environmental aspects. Nowadays researchers are supplementing a new form of materials known as nanofillers in various biopolymer‐based composites in a small amount. This nanofillers will act as additives and helps in enhancing the different properties such as mechanical, thermal, flame retardancy and water absorption behavior of the nano composite materials as well as maintaining the optimum density of them. The nanocomposites applications are extended in various sectors for the reason of higher surface area, aspect ratio, and superior properties. This review outlines the types of biofibers/biopolymers and their characterization, types of nanofillers, and their characterization, and summarizes the various functional properties of nanocomposites with their applications.
Serial neurosonography in fetuses with congenital heart defects shows mild delays in cortical development
Authors: Everwijn Sheila M. , van Bohemen Jiska F. , van Geloven Nan , Jansen Fenna A. , Teunissen Aalbertine K. , Rozendaal Lieke , Blom Nico , van Lith Jan M. , Haak Monique C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionNeurodevelopmental delay is more common in children born with congenital heart defects (CHD), even with optimal perinatal and peri‐operative care. It is hypothesized that fetuses with CHD are prone to neurological impairment in utero due to their cardiac defect, possibly leading to delayed cortical development.MethodsCerebral cortical maturation was assessed with advanced neurosonographic examinations every 4 weeks in fetuses with CHD and compared to control fetuses. Five different primary fissures and four areas were scored (ranging 0–5) by blinded examiners using a cortical maturation scheme.ResultsCortical staging was assessed in 574 ultrasound examinations in 85 CHD fetuses and 61 controls. Small differences in grading were seen in Sylvian and cingulate fissures. (Sylvian fissure: −0.12 grade, 95% CI (−0.23; −0.01) p = 0.05, cingulate fissure: −0.24 grade, 95% CI (−0.38; −0.10) p = <0.001. Other cortical areas showed normal maturation as compared to control fetuses.ConclusionSmall differences were seen in three of the nine analyzed cortical areas in CHD fetuses, in contrast to previous reports on progressive third‐trimester delay. The clinical implications of the small differences however, remain unknown.
Recent advances in the early treatment of cystic fibrosis: Bridging the gap to highly effective modulator therapy
Authors: Lahiri Thomas , Sullivan Jillian S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHighly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) for cystic fibrosis (CF) has been touted as one of the greatest advances to date in CF care. As these therapies are now available for many older children and adults with CF, marked improvement of their nutritional status, pulmonary and gastrointestinal symptoms has been observed. However, most infants and younger children are not current candidates for HEMT due to age and/or cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutation. For these young children, it is essential to provide rigorous monitoring and care to avoid potential disease sequelae while awaiting HEMT availability. The following article highlights recent advances in the care of infants and young children with CF with regard to surveillance and treatment of nutritional, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal disorders. Recent clinical trials in this population are also reviewed.
Effect of resveratrol on C‐reactive protein: An updated meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Gorabi Armita Mahdavi , Aslani Saeed , Imani Danyal , Razi Bahman , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: September 2021

We conducted a meta‐analysis on the available randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to assess the role of resveratrol in lowering C‐reactive protein (CRP) and high‐sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP) levels, as markers of inflammation, in various inflammatory disorders. Literature search through Medline/PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library yielded 35 RCTs (24 studies for hs‐CRP and 11 studies for CRP). Pooled results revealed that resveratrol supplementation significantly reduced the hs‐CRP (MWD = −0.40 mg/L; 95% CI: −0.70 to −0.09 mg/L; p = .01) and CRP (MWD = −0.31 mg/L; 95% CI: −0.47 to −0.15 mg/L; p < .001) levels in serum. Subgroup analysis revealed that resveratrol in group with ≥10 weeks significantly reduces hs‐CRP levels (MWD = −0.48 mg/L; 95% CI: −0.92 to −0.04 mg/L; p = .03) and CRP (WMD = −0.47 mg/L, 95% CI = −0.69 to −0.25, p < .001). A dose of ≥500 mg/day supplementation improves the levels of CRP, but not hs‐CRP. This meta‐analysis demonstrates that resveratrol consumption is effective in lowering the levels of CRP and hs‐CRP in inflammatory conditions, especially if supplementation takes place for ≥10 weeks with ≥500 mg/day.
Clinical and laboratory factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19): A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Minh Le Huu Nhat , Abozaid Ali Ahmed‐Fouad , Ha Nam Xuan , Le Quang Loc , Gad Abdelrahman Gamil , Tiwari Ranjit , Nhat‐Le Tran , Quyen Dinh Kim , AL‐Manaseer Balqees , Kien Nguyen Dang , Vuong Nguyen Lam , Zayan Ahmad Helmy , Nhi Le Huu Hanh , Surya Dila Kadek Agus , Varney Joseph , Tien Huy Nguyen 
Published: September 2021

SummarySARS Coronavirus‐2 is one of the most widespread viruses globally during the 21st century, whose severity and ability to cause severe pneumonia and death vary. We performed a comprehensive systematic review of all studies that met our standardised criteria and then extracted data on the age, symptoms, and different treatments of Covid‐19 patients and the prognosis of this disease during follow‐up. Cases in this study were divided according to severity and death status and meta‐analysed separately using raw mean and single proportion methods. We included 171 complete studies including 62,909 confirmed cases of Covid‐19, of which 148 studies were meta‐analysed. Symptoms clearly emerged in an escalating manner from mild‐moderate symptoms, pneumonia, severe‐critical to the group of non‐survivors. Hypertension (Pooled proportion (PP): 0.48 [95% Confident interval (CI): 0.35–0.61]), diabetes (PP: 0.23 [95% CI: 0.16–0.33]) and smoking (PP: 0.12 [95% CI: 0.03–0.38]) were highest regarding pre‐infection comorbidities in the non‐survivor group. While acute respiratory distress syndrome (PP: 0.49 [95% CI: 0.29–0.78]), (PP: 0.63 [95% CI: 0.34–0.97]) remained one of the most common complications in the severe and death group respectively. Bilateral ground‐glass opacification (PP: 0.68 [95% CI: 0.59–0.75]) was the most visible radiological image. The mortality rates estimated (PP: 0.11 [95% CI: 0.06–0.19]), (PP: 0.03 [95% CI: 0.01–0.05]), and (PP: 0.01 [95% CI: 0–0.3]) in severe‐critical, pneumonia and mild‐moderate groups respectively. This study can serve as a high evidence guideline for different clinical presentations of Covid‐19, graded from mild to severe, and for special forms like pneumonia and death groups.