bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Russian Current Stimulation of Tibialis Posterior in Individuals with Flexible Flat Foot: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Gurudut Peeyoosha 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Intrinsic and extrinsic musculatures along with inert structures provide both mobility and stability to the foot. Dysfunction of tibialis posterior (TP) tendon causes pathomechanical alteration in the foot initiating temporary and later leading to permanent changes in the foot. TP strengthening may lead to improvement in flat foot. Electrical stimulation has proven effects on the strengthening of muscle.

Objective:
The objective was to evaluate and compare the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and Russian current (RC) on TP muscle in subjects with flexible flat foot.

Materials and Methods:
The study participants (n = 60) were recruited and randomly allocated into control, NMES, and RC groups (n = 20 in each group). Outcome measures included were Chippaux index, 5-min walk test, and single heel raise test which were assessed pre- and postintervention. Sixth-week follow-up was taken to determine the carryover effects.

Results:
Between-group comparison showed both NMES and RC groups to be significantly better (P < 0.01) than the control group for all outcome measures. However, RC and NMES groups demonstrated to be equally effective, in terms of all study variables.

Conclusion:
RC and NMES show promising improvement in the TP strength and walking distance for the management of flexible flat foot secondary to the dysfunction of the TP tendon.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices regarding Cancer Preventive Vaccines among Medical Students in Central India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Singh Charu , Petkar Prithvi B. , Mishra Vaishnavi 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
In many different contexts, cancer vaccination, either by itself or in conjunction with screening, has demonstrated potential in lowering the incidence and cancer-attributed mortality. The cancer vaccines are not widely used in many poor nations, including India, despite its demonstrated efficacy and potential for major beneficial community impact.

Objectives:
The current study will be performed with the objectives to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students in central India regarding cancer preventive vaccination and to assess the extent of coverage of vaccination and the factors affecting the acceptance of human papillomavirus vaccine among medical students.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive study of three months duration will be conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of a university in Central India among 208 undergraduate medical students. Systematic random sampling will be used to select the study participants from different professional years. A semi-structured, validated, and pilot-tested questionnaire that will be developed into a Google Form will be used to collect the data. Institutional ethical committee clearance will be obtained prior to initiation of the study. The collected data will be analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Descriptive analysis will be done using mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables, while frequency and percentages will be calculated for categorical variables.

Results:
Mean age of students, difference in perception according to gender, knowledge regarding various aspects of cancer prevalence, occurrence, and prevention will be assessed. Attitude and actual practice regarding cancer preventive vaccine will be evaluated. The reasons for low uptake of cancer vaccines will be summarized.

Conclusion:
The knowledge-attitude-practice gap will help to highlight the need to vaccinate healthcare providers as well as their ability to dissipate knowledge to their patients in future.
Descriptive Analysis on Health-related Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome of Kheda District
Authors: Shah Shreeni , Sharma Dolly A , Ojha Santosh , Debnath Manna 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic, diverse endocrine condition that is frequently identified in women of reproductive age. PCOS has long-term health risks associated. Measuring quality of life (QOL) can provide beneficiary insights into health and associated risk factors. Early recognition and knowledge about PCOS enhances affected women’s reproductive potential. The current study aimed to assess the QOL in women diagnosed with PCOS in the Kheda District using a simple questionnaire survey.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among eligible women of age 18–45 years after obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee. The data were gathered using a nonprobability sampling technique. Descriptive analysis using the Likert Scale was used to summarize the five domains (menstrual irregularity, emotions, body hair, weight, and infertility) of health-related QOL.

Results:
One hundred and nineteen women were found eligible for the study. The mean age of women with PCOS was 24.5 ± 3.5 years. Many women with PCOS were found to have a body mass index within or near the normal range. About 50% of participants reported no concerns about visible body hair, while only 16.8% were concerned about infertility. Experiences in the emotional domain varied; 51.9% felt disturbed by their body weight, and 82.4% reported severe difficulties in managing menstrual irregularities.

Conclusion:
The observation leads to the conclusion that PCOS prevalence is steadily rising, which highlights requirement of support and widespread knowledge regarding the effects of their condition on QOL, as each domain has equal importance for the better livings. Although medical practitioners, gynecologists, and clinicians play key roles in diagnosing PCOS, still there is a need to educate and aware women for the ongoing changes in their life and the necessity to have early and timely diagnosis.
Utilization of Skilled Accredited Social Health Activist Workers for Early Detection of Hypertension: A Community-based Skill Transfer Initiative
Authors: Mohite Rajsinh 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Hypertension is a leading cause of premature deaths which can be easily reverted through periodic screening of the population with minimal cost. This study aimed to prepare the competent Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) workers to measure blood pressure more accurately and to utilize them to estimate the burden of undiagnosed hypertension.

Methods:
A mixed method study design was practiced in a randomly selected primary health center from the state of Maharashtra, India in the year 2023. A total of 13 ASHA workers and 650 community participants were enrolled in the study. The participants were trained, assessed and utilized to estimate the hypertension with validated questionnaire and equipment. The repeated ANOVA and Chi-square tests were practiced for statistical analysis.

Results:
The total of 13 ASHAs was trained of which max. 69.2% in the age group of 30–40 years, and 84.6% with working experience of more than 5 years. The mean score of blood pressure measurement skill before and after training was 3.61 ± 2.02 and 24.30 ± 0.37 and difference reported significant by The repeated measurement ANOVA test (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity to measure blood pressure for ASHA workers recorded was 93.02% and 92.12%, respectively. The new case detection rate of undiagnosed hypertension in a rural community by skilled ASHAs was 10.4% and of which maximum 76.46% of cases were in the age group of 35–54 years.

Conclusions:
The study concluded that it is feasible and practically applicable to train ASHAs with limited resources and technology to estimate the problem statement of hypertension effectively and confidently.
Clinicopathology of Triple-negative Breast Cancer: A Study from Tertiary Care Hospital of Central India
Authors: Vodithala Sahitya , Bhake Arvind 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a unique molecular subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma that bears the characters of aggressive biological behavior, high Bloom Richardson grade, and high tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage at its presentation. So also, young’s being affected by TNBC is more common. Therefore, a study has been undertaken at our center to evaluate TNBC for its clinicopathological characteristics. The objective of the study was to profile the TNBC for its clinicopathological features.

Methods:
The study design was observational. It was carried out on 36 patients who were diagnosed with molecular subtype of TNBC upon the immunohistochemistry for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal receptor 2. The descriptive statistics and statistical analysis for association of the selected clinicopathological characteristics with TNBC were performed.

Results:
The study was carried out on 36 patients. The 36.11% of these cases were below 40 years of age. The clinically palpable lymph nodes were noticed in 55.55% of the cases. Grade 3 disease was present in 58.33% of cases while tumor stage of T2 was noted in 63.88% of cases. The 44.44% patients had N1 + N2 disease. The lymphovascular invasion was noted in 55.55% cases. The TNM stage 2 and stage 3 diseases together was noticed in 94.46%.

Conclusion:
The single-center study of ours concludes that the molecular subtype of TNBC affects the young and shows the metastatic disease at its clinical presentation with high histological grade.
Case Series of Transverse Testicular Ectopia in Children
Authors: Vudata Sai Prasuna , Inugala Anusiri , Vuppala Sai Krishna , Banda Revanth Kumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is an uncommon urological abnormality in children where both the gonads migrate toward the same hemi-scrotum. Herein, we describe five cases of children with TTE and their management at a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:
Five cases with complaints of inguinal hernia and undescended testis were presented to the department of pediatric Surgery at a tertiary care center have been taken up for the study. The history, investigations, surgical findings, and procedures were reviewed retrospectively.

Case Summary:
Of the five cases, one presented with irreducible inguinal hernia, two presented with unilateral hernia with contralateral undescended testis, and two presented with bilateral undescended testes. Inguinal herniotomy and transseptal orchiopexy were performed in all 5 cases. Three of the five cases were associated with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS).

Conclusion:
In children with unilateral cryptorchidism and a contralateral descendent testis with an associated hernia, TTE should be suspected and ultrasonographic evaluation must be done to diagnose this condition before surgery. Transseptal orchiopexy is highly recommended to manage these cases especially when vasa deferentia are fused. In the case of PMDS, it is preferred to preserve Müllerian remnants.
Falciform Ligament Abscess Causing Acute Abdomen: Unveiling the Enigma with Review of Literature
Authors: Kumar Posam Manoj , Kotaiah Mandakini T. , Keerthi Gudla , Reddy Vishnuvardhan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Falciform ligament abscess (FLA) is a rare type of intra-abdominal abscess which has been sporadically reported. Diagnosis of FLA can be challenging without typical image findings of an abscess. This study publishes the varied clinical presentations, radiological findings, and management of FLA.

Materials and Methods:
All patients who were diagnosed and operated for FLA between May 2022 and May 2024 are included in the study. Relevant investigations were done preoperatively.

Results:
A total of six patients were operated for FLA. The mean age of presentation was 30 days. There were no major perioperative complications in five patients. One patient had pyopericardium which required pericardiocentesis and catheter drainage preoperatively.

Conclusion:
FLA should be considered in children, especially in infants with vague abdominal symptoms and failure to respond to conservative management. Due to its obscure location, it often causes delay in diagnosis and inadequate treatment. Hence, early consideration of this pathology is crucial for timely diagnosis, proper surgical treatment, and decreased morbidity and mortality.
Germ Cell Neoplasia In situ in Undescended Testis: A Myth or Reality?
Authors: Mishra Pravash Ranjan , Purkait Suvendu , Manekar Aditya Arvind , Tripathy Bikasha Bihary 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Untreated cryptorchid testes are in risk of intratubular germ cell neoplasia and subsequently may give rise to invasive germ cell tumors.

Materials and Methods:
Tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing orchidectomy or orchiopexy and were subjected to routine histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations.

Results:
Forty-three patients were enrolled in this study out of which 30 samples were collected. The mean age of patients was 9.16 years. One case (6.7%) showed positivity of the germ cell neoplasia with anto placental alkaline phosphatase and Anto CD-117 positive. Other histopathological findings such as fibrocollagenous tissue and Leydig cell hyperplasia were reported.

Conclusion:
Early surgical management is of importance for a better outcome in cases of undescended testes.
Challenges in Managing Closed Gastroschisis: Addressing a Rare and Complex Variant of Abdominal Wall Defect
Authors: Verma Ajay , Yadav Devendra K. , Singh Jitendra K. , Anand Sachit 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
In closed gastroschisis, the initial herniation of the intestines through the abdominal wall defect subsequently leads to spontaneous closure of the defect during fetal development, even before the migration of the intestines back to the abdominal domain.

Materials and Methods:
This study investigates the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies of closed gastroschisis through a retrospective review of six cases presented at our clinic between 2009 and 2024. Data were prospectively collected and analyzed to gain insights into the varied presentations and outcomes of this rare condition.

Results:
In this cohort of six patients with closed gastroschisis, none had undergone antenatal ultrasonographic examination, and all presented to the emergency department immediately after birth with a mass protruding from the abdominal wall. Each patient underwent evaluation and laparotomy for definitive management. Five of the six children showed favorable outcomes at the 48-month follow-up, while one patient succumbed to postoperative sepsis.

Conclusions:
Abdominal wall defects, including closed gastroschisis, are congenital anomalies requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. This rare variant presents unique challenges in management due to its atypical features. The findings from this study contribute to a better understanding of closed gastroschisis and its management, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in improving patient outcomes in pediatric surgical practice. Antenatal diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention as early as possible after birth are the mainstays of treatment.
Comparative evaluation of pattern and distribution of stresses in single- and double-implant overdenture using ball-ring, positioner, and magnet-keeper attachment under different loading conditions: A finite element analysis
Authors: Jain Jatin , Sethuraman Rajesh , Shah Sayam Sachin 
Published: January 2025

Aim:
The aim is to evaluate and compare stress distribution characteristics of ball, magnet, and positioned attachment systems in single and double implant-retained overdentures using the finite element method (FEM).

Setting and Design:

In vitro (in silico study) finite element analysis (FEA).

Materials and Methods:
A Styrofoam mandible with duplicated silicon mucosa was used to construct a mandibular complete denture. Implants of size 12 mm by 3.4 mm body diameter (Implantium, Dentium, Korea) were used along with ball O-ring, positioner, and magnet attachment system for constructing single and double implant overdenture. FEA models were processed defining geometry. Six models were formulated, namely, three models of central single implant and three for double implant overdenture using ball O-ring attachment, positioner attachment, and magnet attachment named B1, P1, M1, B2, P2, and M2, respectively. The FEM analysis was done using ANSYS workbench 16.0. A load of around 100N was applied bilaterally in the first molar regions, anteriorly between the two central incisors, and unilaterally on the right first molar region. Stresses were calculated according to the Von Mises stresses scale. Stress magnitude and patterns were analyzed and interpreted accordingly.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Stress patterns and maximum principal stress were described.

Results:
FEM analysis revealed that stress concentration in the B1 model was the highest. Anterior loading produced maximum stress followed by unilateral and lastly bilateral loading. In the bone, stress concentration was the highest in the crestal bone region (3–18 MPa). Mucosa showed the least amount of stress in all models (1.3–3 MPa). Stress patterns in dentures were symmetric with concentration on the mid-lingual and molar premolar area (3–18 MPa). Implants showed stress concentration near the collar and the internal connection region (7.5–24 MPa). Maximum stresses were around the head of prosthetic abutments (10.5–24 MPa). The stress concentration in the ball head was typically located in the abutment neck. In positioner attachment, stress was located in the inner open end area (11–20.1 MPa). For the keeper, stresses were at its base and stress patterns extended into the body (10.5–17.7 MPa). Less stress magnitude was seen for all models on bilateral loading (10.5–15 MPa).

Conclusion:
Magnet and positioner attachments have a more favorable stress distribution in both single and double implant-retained overdentures. Bilateral loading conditions are more favorable for uniform stress patterns.
A systematic review assessing the osseoincorporation potential of trabecular dental implants: A current evidence and future directions
Authors: Patwardhan Karuna S. , Puranik Nisha , Kanathila Hema , Nelogi Santosh Yamanappa , Jirge Vasanti P 
Published: January 2025

Statement of Problem:
There is lack of evidence of studies conducted to compare the integration of soft and hard tissues of conventional implants and porous tantalum trabecular metal (PTTM dental implants).

Purpose:
This systematic review assessed the clinical outcomes evaluating the hard and soft-tissue parameters for PTTM dental implants when compared with conventional titanium dental implants.

Materials and Methods:
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review based on PRISMA 2020 checklist was used as guideline for reporting this protocol. The search was conducted in SCOPUS, PUBMED, Cochrane library, and EMBASE databases for the studies published from January 1, 2010, to January 1, 2023. The chosen publications’ cross-references were further examined, and studies whose whole texts were not available through the computerized search were manually looked up.

Results:
Through search strategy a total of 1152 articles were yielded. After screening titles and abstracts, 9 articles were further screened for full text. After critical analysis, according to the eligibility criteria of this review, 7 articles were included in this systematic review for data extraction. Four studies revealed mean of 98.8% survival rate for trabecular implants. Histologically, 2 studies showed upregulation of bone morphogenic proteins, collagens, and growth factors with respect to trabecular dental implants.

Conclusion:
From this study, it can be concluded that PTTM dental implants showed a better osseoincorporation potential than titanium implants. However, a longer follow-up period is required to assess its true potential.
Role of oral health literacy in demand for oral healthcare services for missing teeth replacement among dental patients visiting a dental teaching hospital in India
Authors: Rao Duggineni Chalapathi , Vundavalli Sudhakar , Indiran Meignana Arumugham , Rao Atluri Kaleswara , Radhika Doppalapudi , Salloum Mahmoud Gamal 
Published: January 2025

Aims:
To assess the role of oral health literacy (OHL) in demand for oral healthcare services for missing teeth replacement among adult patients who are visiting the outpatient department of a teaching hospital, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in a dental teaching institute, Andhra Pradesh, southern part of India.

Materials and Methods:
Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a sample of adult participants was selected through systematic random method from the patients who visited the outpatient department. Data from 740 participants were included in the final analysis. A prevalidated questionnaire adopted from Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaire (OHL-AQ) was used for data collection and american dental association (ADA) type IV clinical examination was used for recording missing teeth.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Bivariate tests such as the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney’s test, and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to assess the predictors for the demand for the replacement of missing teeth.

Results:
The overall demand for replacement of missing teeth was 46.22%. 37.88% of participants had adequate OHL, 24.72% had marginal OHL, and 37.4% had inadequate OHL. Demand for replacement was more in females than males (57.6% vs. 35.6%), which was statistically significant (P = 0.00). Participants with missing anterior teeth had nearly twice the demand for prosthodontic care (P = 0.046). Participants with adequate OHL had 3.63 times more demand for prosthodontic replacement of missing teeth (odds ratio = 3.63 and P = 0.002).

Conclusion:
OHL has a positive role in the demand for prosthodontic replacement of missing teeth along with gender and anterior missing teeth. Oral health policies should incorporate strategies to improve OHL.
Comparison of the antibacterial efficacy of 810 nm diode laser and photodynamic therapy in reducing microbial flora in patients with peri-implant mucositis – An in vivo study
Authors: Siwach Poonam , Sanan Reshu , Nagpal Abhishek , Shetty Omkar Krishna , Bhardwaj Amit , Sharma Mukesh 
Published: January 2025

Aim:
The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the antimicrobial effects of an 810-nanometer diode laser, utilizing or not utilizing toluidine blue as a photosensitizer, in the management of peri-implant mucositis.

Settings and Design:
The present study was carried out in 30 implant sites in 15 patients with peri-implant mucositis with a specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. 15 sites were treated utilizing a diode laser (control group) and 15 with photodynamic therapy (test group) in a split-mouth format.

Materials and Methods:
Samples were taken from the gingival sulcus with the help of plastic curettes from control and test sites both at baseline and at 3 months for microbiological analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Shapiro-Wilk Test was used to check deviation from normality. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyse the two dependent groups.

Results:
Intragroup comparison was found to be statistically significant when compared at baseline and at 3 months in the photodynamic (P = 0.001) and diode laser groups (P = 0.001), respectively. No statistically significant reduction in bacterial count was found at baseline (P = 0.1) and at 3 months (P = 0.5) when the diode laser group and photodynamic group were compared with each other (intergroup).

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that there is a definitive reduction in pathogenic bacteria with both interventions and PDT offers clinically visible benefits in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis.