bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Institutional Delivery Service Utilization and Associated Factors Among Mothers Who Gave Birth in the Last Year in Dembecha Zaria Woreda, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Melesse Misganaw Fikrie , Aynalem Bewket Yeserah 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The morbidity and mortality of women is a worldwide challenge and the current global maternal death is more than 800 per day; ninety-nine percent of maternal death occurs in developing countries and in Ethiopia about 30% of all ladies’ death is identified with pregnancy-related causes. We, therefore, did this study to assess the magnitude and associated factors of institutional delivery service utilization among mothers who gave birth in the last year in Dembecha Zuria woreda, Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed, and multistage sampling technique was used. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with pre-tested structured questionnaires among mothers who gave birth in the last year in Dembecha zuria woreda, Northwest Ethiopia from November 23, 2020 to January 16, 2021. After data collection, data were coded and entered using EPI info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 statistical software. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to ascertain the association between explanatory variables and the outcome variable. Variables with P value less than 0.25 in the Bivariable analysis and P-value < 0.05 in the multivariable analysis and corresponding 95% CI of odds ratio were considered to declare a result as statistically significant. Result: In this study, the magnitude of institution delivery service utilization among mothers who gave birth in the last year was 179 (42.4%) with 95% CI [37.7, 46.9]. type of pregnancy [AOR: 1.906, (95%CI: 1.017,3.57)]), gravidity [AOR: 1.899 (95% CI: 1.244, 2.898)], ANC follow up [AOR: 2.079 (95% CI: 1.242, 3.482)], husband preference on place of delivery [AOR: 2.036) (95% CI: 1.291. 3.211)] and decision-maker on place of delivery [AOR: 2.853 (95% CI: 1.321, 6.160)] were significantly associated with health institution delivery service utilization.Conclusion: In this study, the magnitude of health institution delivery service utilization was low as compared to the national expectation. The concerned bodies need to create awareness on the function of antenatal care follow-up and empower the mothers to decide on the place of delivery and give counseling for husbands about the importance of health institution delivery.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Multiple Effects of Nitrogen Accumulation and Metabolism in the Roots, Shoots, and Leaves of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.)
Authors: guo heng , pu xiuqin , jia hao , zhou yun , ye guangji , yang yongzhi , na tiancang , wang jian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is a major element and fundamental constituent of grain yield. N fertilizer plays an essential role in the roots, shoots, and leaves of crop plants. Here, we obtained two N-sensitive potato cultivars. The plants were cultivated in the pots using N-deficient and N-sufficient conditions. Crop height, leaf chlorophyll content, dry matter, and N-accumulation significantly decreased under N-deficient conditions. Furthermore, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the phenotype and transcriptome, GO terms, and KEGG pathways. We used WGCNA of co-expressed genes, and 116 differentially expressed hub genes involved in photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, and secondary metabolites to generate 23 modules. Among those modules, six NRT gene families, four pigment genes, two auxin-related genes, and two energy-related genes were selected for qRT-PCR validation. Overall, our study demonstrates the co-expressed genes and potential pathways associated with N transport and accumulation in potato cultivars' roots, shoots, and leaves under N-deficient conditions. Therefore, this study provides new ideas to conduct further research on improving nitrogen use efficiency in potatoes.
Follow-up Investigation on the Causes and Complications of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Fang , Cai Hui , Li Min 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk of various complications in both the mother and infant. Results: By comparing mothers with GDM and non-diabetic pregnant women, we analyzed the possible causes of GDM and the impact on the mother and newborn. Through research and tracking, we found that a sweet tooth and a high total calorie diet are the main factors leading to gestational diabetes. GDM can cause many complications in the parturient and unhealthy babies. A very important result is that our follow-up survey results show that almost all pregnant women with gestational diabetes instructed themselves to have gestational diabetes through a physical examination at a certain time before delivery, but they still suffered from diabetes when they were in the hospital. The harm caused by diabetes has nothing to do with the time of knowing about having diabetes, which shows that pregnant women and their families have not paid enough attention to and make effective treatment of gestational diabetes. Conclusion: Our results clarify the hazards of gestational diabetes, analyze possible causes, and emphasize the necessity of clinical intervention to control gestational diabetes.
Ten-Year Results of Postoperative Adjuvant Treatment In Women With Stage I Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Fu Peiying , Zhou Ting , Cui Pengfei , Wang Shixuan , Liu Ronghua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: It remains controversial whether postoperative adjuvant treatment is beneficial for the survival of patients after surgery for early-stage endometrial cancer. To evaluate whether postoperative adjuvant treatment is beneficial for the survival of patients after surgery for early-stage endometrial cancer. We analyzed the outcomes of patients treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or progestagen combined with other adjuvant treatments. Methods: We retrospectively examined disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and high risk factors that affected the survival status of all patients who received different postoperative adjuvant therapies. Results: The total relapse and mortality rates were 5.57% and 1.68%, respectively. During follow-up period, fourteen patients (7.29%) developed isolated local recurrence, and 2 patients died (1.04%) of recurrence. The 5-year DFS and OS rates in all patients were 95.83% and 93.75%, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the 5-year DFS, 5-year OS, OS, or DFS among the four groups of patients with FIGO stage I endometrial cancer. The differences in the log-rank test results of the estimates of the 5-year DFS, 5-year OS, DFS and OS of patients with different disease stages and different ages were all significant, but no differences were observed in these parameters between patients with varying degrees of differentiation. Histologic grade, CA125 level, ER and PR status and whether adjuvant therapies had no significant effect on the DFS and OS of all patients according to univariate and multivariate regression analyses, but age stratification did reveal significant differences in DFS and OS in the univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusion: This retrospective study showed that adjuvant treatments after surgery were not significantly associated with improved DFS or OS in patients with early-stage endometrial cancer. However, FIGO stage and age affected the survival of patients with stage I endometrial cancer.
Comprehensive analysis of both long and short read transcriptomes of a clonal and a seed-propagated model plant species reveal the prerequisites for transcriptional activation of autonomous and non-autonomous transposons in plants
Authors: Chen Ting-Hsuan , Winefield Christopher 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Transposable element (TE) transcription is a precursor to its mobilisation in host genomes. However, the characteristics of expressed TE loci, the identification of self-competent transposon loci contributing to new insertions, and the genomic conditions permitting their mobilisation remain largely unknown.
Results

Using Vitis vinifera embryogenic callus, we explored the impact of biotic stressors on transposon transcription through the exposure of the callus to live cultures of an endemic grapevine yeast, Hanseniaspora uvarum. We found that only 1.7%-2.5% of total annotated TE loci were transcribed, of which 5%-10% of these were full-length, and the expressed TE loci exhibited a strong location bias towards expressed genes. These tendencies were also observed in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and ibm2, but not in ddm1 mutant. Moreover, differentially expressed TE loci in the grapevine model tended to share expression patterns with co-localised differentially expressed genes. Utilising nanopore cDNA sequencing, we found a strong correlation between the inclusion of intronic TEs in gene transcripts and the presence of premature termination codons in these transcripts. Finally, we identified low levels of full-length transcripts deriving from structurally autonomous TE loci in the grapevine model.
Conclusion

Our observations in two disparate plant models representing clonally and seed propagated plant species reveal a closely connected transcriptional relationship between TEs and co-localised genes, particularly when the epigenetic silencing system is intact. We found that the stress treatment alone was insufficient to induce large-scale full-length transcription from structurally competent TE loci, a necessity for non-autonomous and autonomous mobilisation.
The Association between Physical Frailty and Psycho-Social Health in Determining Geriatric Health-Related Quality of Life in Rural India
Authors: Das Sayani , Mukhopadhyay Susmita , Mukhopadhyay Barun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The association of physical frailty and psycho-social health is well established. However, it appears no study on the interaction of these conditions in determining the Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) has yet been attempted in India. Hence, present study aims to investigate the interaction effects of physical frailty and psycho-social health in determining the HRQoL. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 500 community-dwelling rural elderly participants from West Bengal, India. The modified Fried’s Frailty instrument was assessed physical frailty status. Psycho-social characteristics investigated were depression, anxiety and stress using the 21-item DASS instrument, loneliness using the UCLA Loneliness instrument, and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination instrument. HRQoL was assessed by the 36-items Short Form health survey questionnaire. Overall prevalence of frail, pre-frail and non-frail was 26.2%, 60.2%, and 13.6%, respectively. One-way ANOVA highlighted that mean scores of psycho-social traits are significantly differed among different physical frailty status groups (p<0.01). All the elderly participants were clustered with their psycho-social characteristics instrument scores as clustering variables using Hierarchical Cluster Analysis to understand psycho-social health of the participants. Two-way ANCOVA showed significant interaction of physical frailty status (frail, pre-frail and non-frail) and empirically occurring clusters of psycho-social health (low, moderate and good) in determining the overall HRQoL [F(8,491)=8.904,p<0.01]. Thus, our findings suggest that consideration of physical frailty and psycho-social health status will be a prudent approach for a better diagnosis of HRQoL and challenges related to the same.
False discovery rates for genome-wide association tests in biobanks with thousands of phenotypes
Authors: Annis Aubrey , Pandit Anita , LeFaive Jonathon , Taliun Sarah Gagliano , Fritsche Lars , VandeHaar Peter , Boehnke Michael , Zawistowski Matthew , Abecasis Gonçalo , Zöllner Sebastian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Biobanks housing genetic and phenotypic data for thousands of individuals introduce new opportunities and challenges for genetic association studies. Association testing across many phenotypes increases the multiple-testing burden and correlation between phenotypes makes appropriate multiple-testing correction uncertain. Moreover, analysis including low-frequency variants results in inflated type I error due to the much larger number of tests and the elevated importance of each individual minor allele carrier in those tests. Here we demonstrate that standard Bonferroni and permutation-based methods for multiple testing correction are inadequate for a holistic analysis of biobank data because ideal significance thresholds vary across datasets and minor allele frequencies. We propose a single-iteration permutation method that is computationally feasible and provides false discovery rate (FDR) estimates tailored to individual datasets and variant frequencies. Each dataset’s unique FDR estimates provide customized levels of confidence for association results and enable informed interpretation of genetic association studies across the phenome.
Effectiveness of a Health Intervention using theory of planned behavior on Hand Washing Among residents receiving the COVID-19 vaccine: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Lu , Guo Zhengxin , Shi Zhaokun , Xie Wenjie , Wang Binyu , Cui Wushi , Wang Houshu , Wu Wei , Zhan Liying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
IntroductionHand washing is of key importance among residents to prevent life-threatening infections such as severe pneumonia or other microbial infection. Residents received coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine at vaccination station are obliged to stay in the vaccination station at least 30 minutes. The period of post-vaccination observation is an ideal time for hand washing intervention. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a health intervention on hand washing among residents, who received the COVID-19 vaccine, by using the theory of planned behavior (TPB).Methods:This randomized controlled trial was carried out between March 2021 and May 2021 in Wuhan, China. Participants were recruited using randomized cluster sampling and divided into intervention group and control group by random allocation. Data were collected using a self-administered researcher-made questionnaire based on TPB and Hand washing Questionnaire. Validity (content validity index = 0.87; content validity ratio = 0.89) and reliability of the questionnaires were confirmed (α = 0.96). Intervention was implemented during the observation period post-vaccinated (lasting 15 min) using videos and live training based on TPB constructs.Results:A total of 448 residents were participated with a response rate of 71.9% (322). The mean age of the participants was 46 (53% females). Compared with the control group, the scores of subjective norm (P = 0.009) and perceived behavioral control (P < 0.001) in intervention group were higher after one time intervention. Mean scores of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavior control and intention of intervention group was significantly higher than the control group after twice intervention (P < 0.001). Moreover, participants in the intervention group performed better than those in the control group on daily hand-washing times (P = 0.044), hand sanitizer use (P = 0.003), rub time (P < 0.001), following the six-step technique (P < 0.001) after intervention.Conclusions:The findings suggested that applying TPB based intervention is suggested to improve hand washing behavior in residents.
Revealing and Controlling the Core of Screw Dislocations in BCC Metals
Authors: Wu Zhaoxuan , Wang Rui , Zhu Lingyu , Pattamatta Subrahmanyam , Srolov David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Body-centred-cubic (BCC) transition metals (TMs) tend to be brittle at low temperatures, posing significant challenges in their processing and major concerns for damage tolerance in critical load-carrying applications. The brittleness is largely dictated by the screw dislocation core structure; the nature and control of which has remained a puzzle for nearly a century. Here, we introduce a universal model and a physics-based material index χ that guides the manipulation of dislocation core structure in all pure BCC metals and alloys. We show that the core structure, commonly classified as degenerate (D) or non-degenerate (ND), is governed by the energy difference between BCC and face-centred cubic (FCC) structures and χ robustly captures this key quantity. For BCC TMs alloys, the core structure transition from ND to D occurs when χ drops below a threshold, as seen in atomistic simulations based on nearly all extant interatomic potentials and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of W-Re/Ta alloys. In binary W-TMs alloys, DFT calculations show that χ is related to the valence electron concentration at low to moderate solute concentrations, and can be controlled via alloying. χ can be quantitatively and efficiently predicted via rapid, low-cost DFT calculations for any BCC metal alloys, providing a robust, easily applied tool for the design of ductile and tough BCC alloys.
Antibody response of sheep to simultaneous vaccine administration of foot and mouth disease, blue tongue, peste des pestits ruminants , and sheep-goat pox antigens
Authors: Sareyyüpoğlu Beyhan , Gülyaz Veli , Saraç Fahriye , Uzar Serdar , Kabaklı Özden , Çokçalışkan Can , Gündüzalp Ceylan , Uzun Eylem Aras , Çamlı Onur 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
There are many infectious animal diseases in Turkey and generally vaccination is the prime control strategy to combat them. However, it is difficult to apply all vaccines in a definite period in the field due to limitations of the labor and finance. The rapid vaccination and effective use of labor can be possible with the help of simultaneous vaccines administrations. The aim of the study is to show the effects of simultaneous foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), peste des pestits ruminants (PPR), sheep-goat pox (SGP) and bluetongue (BT) vaccine administration on the antibody response of sheep. For this aim, 30 sheep were divided in to the one experiment and 5 control groups. Blood samples collected in each group at 30 and 60 days post-vaccination (DPV). Immune response was measured with virus neutralization test (VNT), liquid phase blocking ELISA (LPBE) for FMDV, VNT for BTV and PPR. A live virus challenge study was performed to determine the immune response of SGP vaccine. As a result, antibody titers for each vaccine agent decreased on 60 DPV with the simultaneous vaccination. The difference between means of antibody titers with single and simultaneous vaccinations are significant especially for BTV and PPR vaccines at 60DPV (p < 0.05). It was concluded that four vaccines can not be used simultaneously in sheep.
Effect of Density on Mediterranean Pine Seedlings Using the Nelder Wheel Design: Analysis of Biomass Production
Authors: Ruano Irene , Herrero Celia , Bravo Felipe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundForest resilience should be improved to promote species adaptation and ensure the future of forests. Carbon stock is considered an indicator of resilience, so it is necessary to determine forest carbon stocks and how to improve them through forest management. The main objective of this study was to analyse biomass production and distribution among the components of four-year-old Pinus pinaster and Pinus halepensis trees. Young trees from a Nelder wheel experimental site were harvested and analysed. The effect of density could be included in the biomass analysis thanks to the Nelder wheel design. We tested densities from 1000 to 80000 seedlings/ha and analysed biomass by fitting different equations: (i) linear regressions to analyse biomass production; (ii) Dirichlet regressions to estimate the biomass proportions of each component and (iii) allometric equations to predict the biomass content of each component.ResultsResults from this innovative approach showed that density was a significant factor for Pinus halepensis. We observed a general increase of total biomass at lower densities and this positive effect increased root biomass proportion at the expense of aboveground biomass. Also, a new set of equations was developed for estimating above- and below-ground biomass in young Pinus pinaster and Pinus halepensis trees.Conclusionswe note the importance of belowground biomass and its value in total biomass production (approximately 20% of total biomass for both species). The effect of density on biomass production was only significant for Pinus halepensis, but the effect of density would have been different if root biomass had not been considered in the present study. Lower densities increased root biomass proportion at the expense of aboveground biomass. Currently, this positive effect is especially important in promoting management to improve tree resilience.
Donor Functionalized Perylene and Different π-Spacers Based Sensitizers for DSSC Applications - A Theoretical Approach
Authors: Nicksonsebastin D. , Pounraj P. , M Prasath 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Perylene based novel organic sensitizers for the Dye sensitized solar cell applications are investigated by using Density functional theory (DFT) and time dependant density functional theory (TD-DFT).The designed sensitizers have perylene and dimethylamine (DM) and N-N-dimethylaniline(DMA) functionalized perylene for the dssc applications.π-spacers are thiophene andcyanovinyl groups and cyanoacrylic acid is chosen as the acceptor for the designed sensitizers. The studied sensitizers were fully optimized by density functional theory at B3LYP/6-311G basis set on gas phase and DMF phase. The electronic absorption of the sensitizers is analyzed by TD-DFT at B3LYP/6-311G basis set in both gas and DMF phase.
Flood and Hypertension: A Systematic Review
Authors: HabibiSaravi Reza , Tabari Yahya Saleh , Gholami Gholam , Hasani Mehdi , Pourmand Soheil , Navaie Ramin , Ghasemihamedani Fariba 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Several studies have been conducted on the effects of floods on the health of the affected community. We aimed to determine the effects of floods as the most common disaster on hypertension as one of the most common non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Material and Methods: The 4 databases, including Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were searched with the search strategy protocol up to the end of 2020. Grey literature database and websites of WHO, UNDRR, and Prevention Web also searched. After removing duplicate articles, abstracts of the relevant titles were reviewed and eligible articles were included for full text review. Finally, the study variables were extracted from selected articles. Results: The search strategy resulted in 8 final relevant articles from total number of 48980 articles. All final articles noted meaningful effect of flood on hypertension. There were founded positive correlation between anxiety level, property loss, financial loss, physical activity, use of alcoholic beverages, interruption of medication and medical cares with hypertension. Different studies have reported also long-term effects of flooding on blood pressure. Conclusions: The flood has effect on blood pressure in affected population. According to the importance of hypertension and its burden, screening are recommended in the affected community. Keywords: Hypertension, Disaster, Flood, Blood pressure