bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of COVID-19 infection amongst workers in Primary Healthcare in Qatar
Authors: Al-Kuwari Mohamed Ghaith , AbdelMalik Mariam , Al-Nuaimi Asma Ali , Abdulmajeed Jazeel , Al-Romaihi Hamad Eid , Semaan Sandy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 transmission was significant amongst Healthcare workers worldwide.AimThis study aims to estimate the risk of exposure for COVID-19 across Primary Healthcare workers in the State of Qatar. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to study the burden of COVID-19 among staff working at PHCC during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 1 to October 31, 2020.Results1,048 (87.4%)of the infected HCWs belonged to the age group below 45 years, and 488 (40.7%) HCWs were females. 450 (37.5%) were HCWs clinical staff working in one of the 27 PHCC HCs; Despite the increased patient footfall and risk environment, the COVID HCs had an attack rate of 10.1%, which is not significantly different from the average attack rate of 8.9% among staff located in other HCs (p-value =0.26). Storekeepers, engineering & maintenance staff, housekeeping staff, support staff, and security staff (outsourced positions) had the highest positivity rates, 100%, 67.2%, 47.1%, 32.4%, and 29.5% respective positivity rates.ConclusionsThe elevated risk of infection amongst outsourced healthcare workers can be explained by environmental factors such as living conditions. On the other hand, better containment within clinical healthcare workers can be attributed to strict safety training and compliance with preventative measures which is recommended to be implemented across all settings.
Talaromyces marneffeipromotes M2 polarization of human macrophages by downregulating SOCS3 expression and activating TLR9 pathway
Authors: Wei Wudi , Ning Chuanyi , Huang Jiegang , Wang Gang , Lai Jingzhen , Han Jing , Zang Ning , Liang Bingyu , Liao Yanyan , Le Thuy , Jiang Junjun , Ye Li , Liang Hao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLittle is known about howTalaromyces marneffei, a thermally dimorphic fungus that causes substantial morbidity and mortality in Southeast Asia, evades the human immune system. Polarization of macrophages into fungal-inhibiting M1 and fungal-promoting M2 types has been shown to play an important role in the innate immune response against fungal pathogens. This mechanism has not been defined forT. marneffei. Here, we demonstrated thatT. marneffeipromotes its survival in human macrophages by inducing them towards M2 polarization. Our investigations of the mechanism revealed thatT. marneffeiinfection led to SOCS3 protein degradation by inducing tyrosine phosphorylation, thereby relieving the inhibitory effect of SOCS3 on p-STAT6, a key factor for M2 polarization. Our SOCS3-overexpression experiments showed that SOCS3 is a positive regulator of M1 polarization and plays an important role in limiting M2 polarization. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of TLR9 pathway partially blockedT. marneffei-induced M2 polarization and significantly enhanced the killing activity of macrophages againstT. marneffei. Collectively, these results reveal a novel mechanism by whichT. marneffeievades the immune response of human macrophages.
Rats show a preference for certain unfamiliar strains of rats
Authors: Kogo Hiroki , Kiyokawa Yasushi , Takeuchi Yukari 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHumans show distinct social behaviours when we recognise social similarity in opponents that are members of the same social group. However, little attention has been paid to the role of social similarity in non-human animals. In Wistar subject rats, the presence of an unfamiliar Wistar rat mitigated stress responses, suggesting the importance of social similarity in this phenomenon. We found that the presence of unfamiliar Sprague-Dawley (SD) or Long-Evans (LE) rats, but not an unfamiliar Fischer 344 (F344) rat, similarly mitigated stress in subject rats. It is therefore possible that the subject rats recognised social similarity to unfamiliar SD and LE rats. In this study, we demonstrated that Wistar subject rats were capable of categorizing unfamiliar rats based on their strain, and that Wistar subjects showed a preference for unfamiliar Wistar, SD, and LE rats over F344 rats. However, the subject rats did not show a preference among Wistar, SD, and LE rats. In addition, the results were not due to an aversion to F344 rats, and preference was not affected when anaesthetised rats were presented to subject rats. The findings suggested that rats recognise social similarity to certain unfamiliar strains of rats.
A bibliometric analysis of entrepreneurial orientation
Authors: Pei Jiayin , Shi Yeyun , Shan Peng 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the studies that have had the greatest impact on entrepreneurial orientation (EO) research and to analyze the changes that have taken place in the intellectual structure of this key topic in the entrepreneurship field.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts the methods of citation analysis, co-citation analysis, social network analysis and factor analysis to analyze 2,005 studies on the theme of EO in the 12 years from 2008 to 2019.

Findings
The research identified the representative literature and journals in the field of EO, presented the development process and knowledge cluster by stages in the form of intuitive network mapping and summarized the main research fields and the evolutionary trend of EO during the period 2008–2019.

Research limitations/implications
This study provides a more comprehensive and objective knowledge structure evolution context for EO researchers, which is conducive to the mature development of the entrepreneurship-oriented field.

Practical implications
It is helpful for enterprise managers to have a deeper understanding of the connotations of EO and to make more scientific entrepreneurial decisions, so as to improve their ability in enterprise innovation and entrepreneurship.

Originality/value
This study visualizes the evolution process of EO knowledge structure, fills the gaps of recent knowledge structure analysis literature in this field and provides theoretical support for the findings of other studies.
Simulation evaluation of small samples based on grey estimation and improved bootstrap
Authors: Yang Wenguang , Lin Lianhai , Gao Hongkui 
Published: February 2021

PurposeTo solve the problem of simulation evaluation with small samples, a fresh approach of grey estimation is presented based on classical statistical theory and grey system theory. The purpose of this paper is to make full use of the difference of data distribution and avoid the marginal data being ignored.Design/methodology/approachBased upon the grey distribution characteristics of small sample data, the definition about a new concept of grey relational similarity measure comes into being. At the same time, the concept of sample weight is proposed according to the grey relational similarity measure. Based on the new definition of grey weight, the grey point estimation and grey confidence interval are studied. Then the improved Bootstrap resampling is designed by uniform distribution and randomness as an important supplement of the grey estimation. In addition, the accuracy of grey bilateral and unilateral confidence intervals is introduced by using the new grey relational similarity measure approach.FindingsThe new small sample evaluation method can realize the effective expansion and enrichment of data and avoid the excessive concentration of data. This method is an organic fusion of grey estimation and improved Bootstrap method. Several examples are used to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed methods to illustrate the credibility of some simulation data, which has no need to know the probability distribution of small samples.Originality/valueThis research has completed the combination of grey estimation and improved Bootstrap, which makes more reasonable use of the value of different data than the unimproved method.
Talent management and organizational sustainability: role of sustainable behaviour
Authors: Mujtaba Muhammad , Mubarik Muhammad Shujaat 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This study aims to examine the role of talent management (TM) in improving organizational sustainability (OS). The study also investigates employees’ sustainable behaviour (SB) in achieving three-dimensional sustainability goals (i.e. economic, social and environmental).

Design/methodology/approach
This study focused on medium and large-scale manufacturing firms, whereas the sample size was 196 firms. Data was collected through close-ended questionnaires using the cluster sampling technique. The partial least square-structural equation modelling was used to estimate the modelled relationships.

Findings
Results show a significant direct impact of TM on OS. Likewise, the results also show a substantial impact of all three dimensions of TM (acquisition, development and retention) on OS. Results confirm that employees’ SB positively mediates between TM and OS.

Research limitations/implications
The study focuses on the manufacturing sector of Pakistan. The study’s findings imply that TM strategies are an indispensable source of sustainability to attract, develop and retain talented employees in the situation of talent shortage. Moreover, sustainable employees’ behaviour is also depicted as a positive role between TM and OS because sustainable success is not only required the expertize of employees, but it also needs the dedication of employees.

Practical implications
This study enhances the understanding of TM’s role in improving the OS. The findings imply that a firm should consider TM as the apex strategy for elevating the performance. Findings also reveal the need to adopt a comprehensive strategy or system to manage the talent of an organization.

Originality/value
Linking the TM with OS and SB is the novelty of the study.
Adaptive calendar effects and volume of extra returns in the cryptocurrency market
Authors: Khuntia Sashikanta , Pattanayak J.K. 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThis study broadly attempts to explore adaptive or dynamics patterns of calendar effects existed in the cryptocurrency market as per the adaptive market hypothesis (AMH) framework. Another agendum of this study is to investigate the quantum of extra returns which may result from the presence of calendar effects.Design/methodology/approachThe present study considers both parametric and non-parametric approaches to verify calendar effects empirically. Specifically, this study has implemented Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (1, 1) and Kruskal–Wallis tests in the rolling window approach to reveal adaptive patterns of calendar effects. Additionally, the present study has used the implied trading strategy to evaluate the volume of excess returns resulted from calendar effects than buy-and-hold (BH) strategy.FindingsThe overall results of the current study exhibit that calendar effect in the cryptocurrency market is dynamic rather than static which indicates the calendar effect is a time-varying phenomenon. Moreover, this study also confirmed that ITS is not suitable to obtain extra returns despite the existence of calendar effects.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study has covered some broad aspects of calendar anomalies in the cryptocurrency market, keeping aside certain other limitations which need to be addressed in the following dimensions. Future studies may aim at addressing issues like, Turn-of-the-Year effect, Halloween effect, weather effect, and Month-of-the-Year effects, and try to explore the reasons of presence of dynamic patterns of calendar effects.Practical implicationsThe significant implication of this study is that it alerts investors about market return predictability due to calendar patterns or effects in different periods. It also suggests the period in which the ITS can perform better than the BH strategy.Originality/valueIt is the first study in the cryptocurrency literature which has adopted the AMH framework to verify adaptive calendar effects or anomalies. Furthermore, this study, instead of a mere examination of the presence of calendar effects, has evaluated the potential of calendar effects to produce extra returns through trading strategies.
Do connected town-centre shopping journeys improve town-centre patronage?
Authors: AbedRabbo Majd , Hart Cathy , Ellis–Chadwick Fiona 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the role played by digital channel integration in the town-centre shopping experience. It also explores how customers perceive the role of digital in the town-centres shopping journeys, improves shopping experiences and encourages positive future patronage behaviour. Ultimately, the aim is to identify the likely implications of a connected shopping experience on patronage intentions.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research design using focus groups to explore customers' perceptions of connected town-centre shopping experiences was deployed. Then, data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify overarching themes.FindingsDigital integration has the potential to serve discreetly different functions in the town-centre context: create interconnected information channels, facilitate improved connected shopping experiences, generate positive perceptions of a town, which subsequently shape future patronage intentions. The study also revealed expectations of digital integration are yet to be fully realised in the town-centre context and there are tensions between physical and digital domains to be overcome if digital integration is to positively influence patronage intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThe nature of exploratory research tends to pose questions and open out a problem rather than provide definitive answers. This study has sought to highlight key issues and also provide points of departure for future studies. The significance and generalisability of the results are limited by the size and nature of the sample.Originality/valueThis study provides theoretical contribution to the town-centre literature by expanding the understanding of consumers' perceptions of the role of digital integration in shopping journey experiences and unlocks insights into its potential impact on future patronage intentions. Practical considerations for integrating digital in the town centre to create more connected shopping experiences.
Integrating vehicle tracking and routing systems in retail distribution management
Authors: Salhieh Loay , Shehadeh Mohammad , Abushaikha Ismail , Towers Neil 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the benefits of integrating IT tracking and routing systems into last-mile distribution operations. The paper also demonstrates the role of field experiments as a valid approach for improving the rigour of logistics research.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a field experiment approach. Data were collected before and after the experimental treatment from 16 participating vehicles, which were used as inputs and outputs to calculate vehicles' efficiencies using data envelopment analysis.FindingsThrough employing manipulation and random assignment to investigate causality in naturally occurring contexts, the study results show statistical evidence for the role of vehicle tracking and routing systems in enhancing fleet efficiency. Furthermore, results show that field experiment is an appropriate method for capital budgeting of deploying IT systems in the distribution function.Practical implicationsDistribution managers can use a field experiment setup to assess the potential impact of installing IT solutions prior to large-scale implementation or prior to purchasing.Originality/valueThe study fills a gap in the literature through the application of a field experiment approach to establish causality relationships in distribution and logistics research. This study should encourage new research on the role of field experimentation in evaluating the benefits gained from, and the capital budgeting of, the modern disruptive technologies in supply chains.
Sociodemographic determinants of health care expenditure: micro level evidence of a fast-growing developing country
Authors: Cheah Yong Kang , Goh Kim-Leng , Abdul Adzis Azira 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe objective of this study is to examine the sociodemographic factors that are associated with health care expenditure among households in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines health care participation decision and amount of expenditure using the exponential Type 2 Tobit model. A dataset of a large sample (n = 14,838) that is nationally representative is used.FindingsThe results suggest that household size, location of residence as well as age, education and marital status of the household heads are significantly associated with household expenditure on health care. Health care expenditure increases with the age and educational attainment of household heads, whereas those who are being employed and residing in rural areas have lower health care expenditure. Although larger households are more likely to consume health care than smaller households, they spend less on health care. Furthermore, marital status does not affect the participation decision of health care expenditure, but the variable is associated with the decision on the amount of the expenditure.Practical implicationsThe results provide insights into groups of population that can be targeted for healthcare intervention programmes and policy design.Originality/valueThis study is the first to our knowledge to use a microeconometric approach to analyse the health care participation as well as its level of expenditure among households in Malaysia.
Thedashangfeature in social media: a personality and justice theory perspective
Authors: Wan Jinlin , Lu Yaobin , Gupta Sumeet 
Published: February 2021

PurposeDashang refers to a reward given voluntarily to street performers in return for their performance. Some social media platforms have created a way to integrate this as a function, referred to as the dashang feature, to allow users to reward live performers online as well. Over the last few years, this function has become extremely popular among social media users, as it recreates the nostalgic experience of watching street performances. Platforms now consider it indispensable, as it has become a source of substantial revenue (commission on rewards earned by performers). However, not all users reward performers. For each user who pays, there are many more who lurk on the platform. This study examines the reasons for these differences using the Big Five personality perspective and justice theory.Design/methodology/approachWe develop an empirical model using the Big Five theory and justice theory and test it using empirical data collected through a survey of WeChat users.FindingsThe results indicate that distributive justice, interpersonal justice and informational justice are essential factors in relation to social media users' use of the dashang feature. It is also found that personality type affects these three factors.Originality/valueThis study makes three key contributions. First, it examines the factors that influence users' voluntary use of the dashang feature using the lenses of the Big Five theory and justice theory. Second, this study extends previous results on perceived justice to examine use of the dashang feature in social media. Third, this study applies these theories to the study of consumer behavior by exploring the role of user characteristics in social media use.
Grammar and social action: two schools of thought in knowledge organization research
Authors: Andersen Jack 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose is to map and discuss two schools of thought in knowledge organization research. The objective of this mapping is to examine the conceptual views and the derived questions and concerns voiced in these two schools and whether they fit with concerns in contemporary digital culture.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is a comparative analysis and discussion.FindingsThe comparative analysis and discussion point out the different sets of questions the two schools are concerned with distinct epistemological and ontological implications.Originality/valueThe originality of this article is the naming, mapping and discussion of two schools of research in knowledge with a view to how they fit with problems of ordering, archiving and searching in digital culture.
Artificial intelligence in educational leadership: a symbiotic role of human-artificial intelligence decision-making
Authors: Wang Yinying 
Published: February 2021

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) refers to a type of algorithms or computerized systems that resemble human mental processes of decision-making. This position paper looks beyond the sensational hyperbole of AI in teaching and learning. Instead, this paper aims to explore the role of AI in educational leadership.Design/methodology/approachTo explore the role of AI in educational leadership, I synthesized the literature that intersects AI, decision-making, and educational leadership from multiple disciplines such as computer science, educational leadership, administrative science, judgment and decision-making and neuroscience. Grounded in the intellectual interrelationships between AI and educational leadership since the 1950s, this paper starts with conceptualizing decision-making, including both individual decision-making and organizational decision-making, as the foundation of educational leadership. Next, I elaborated on the symbiotic role of human-AI decision-making.FindingsWith its efficiency in collecting, processing, analyzing data and providing real-time or near real-time results, AI can bring in analytical efficiency to assist educational leaders in making data-driven, evidence-informed decisions. However, AI-assisted data-driven decision-making may run against value-based moral decision-making. Taken together, both leaders' individual decision-making and organizational decision-making are best handled by using a blend of data-driven, evidence-informed decision-making and value-based moral decision-making. AI can function as an extended brain in making data-driven, evidence-informed decisions. The shortcomings of AI-assisted data-driven decision-making can be overcome by human judgment guided by moral values.Practical implicationsThe paper concludes with two recommendations for educational leadership practitioners' decision-making and future scholarly inquiry: keeping a watchful eye on biases and minding ethically-compromised decisions.Originality/valueThis paper brings together two fields of educational leadership and AI that have been growing up together since the 1950s and mostly growing apart till the late 2010s. To explore the role of AI in educational leadership, this paper starts with the foundation of leadership—decision-making, both leaders' individual decisions and collective organizational decisions. The paper then synthesizes the literature that intersects AI, decision-making and educational leadership from multiple disciplines to delineate the role of AI in educational leadership.