bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro computed tomography based finite element models for elastic and strength properties of 3D printed glass scaffolds
Authors: Farina Erica , Gastaldi Dario , Baino Francesco , Vernè Enrica , Massera Jonathan , Orlygsson Gissur , Vena Pasquale 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, the mechanical properties of glass scaffolds manufactured by robocasting are investigated through micro computed tomography ($$\mu -CT$$μ-CT) based finite element modeling. The scaffolds are obtained by printing fibers along two perpendicular directions on parallel layers with a$$90^\circ $$90∘tilting between two adjacent layers. A parametric study is first presented with the purpose to assess the effect of the major design parameters on the elastic and strength properties of the scaffold; the mechanical properties of the 3D printed scaffolds are eventually estimated by using the$$\mu -CT$$μ-CTdata with the aim of assessing the effect of defects on the final geometry which are intrinsic in the manufacturing process. The macroscopic elastic modulus and strength of the scaffold are determined by simulating a uniaxial compressive test along the direction which is perpendicular to the layers of the printed fibers. An iterative approach has been used in order to determine the scaffold strength. A partial validation of the computational model has been obtained through comparison of the computed results with experimental values presented in [10] on a ceramic scaffold having the same geometry. All the results have been presented as non-dimensional values. The finite element analyses have shown which of the selected design parameters have the major effect on the stiffness and strength, being the porosity and fiber shifting between adjacent layers the most important ones. The analyses carried out on the basis of the$$\mu -CT$$μ-CTdata have shown elastic modulus and strength which are consistent with that found on ideal geometry at similar macroscopic porosity.Graphic AbstractIn this work, elastic and strength properties of glass-ceramic Bone Tissue Engineering scaffolds manufactured by robocasting are investigated through micro-CT based finite element models. An incremental simulation using a multi-grid finite element solver has been implemented to perform a parametric study on the effect of the major geometrical parameters of the scaffold design as well as the effect. Eventually, the effect of the geometrical imperfections deriving from the 3D printing process has been investigated by means of micro-CT image-based models. The porosity and the shifting between adjacent layers play the dominant role in determing elasticity and strength of the scaffolds. The elastic and strength properties of 3D-printed real scaffold were assessed to be consistent those obtained from the idealized geometric models, at least for the subdomain used in this study.
Compliance-aware engineering process plans: the case of space software engineering processes
Authors: Castellanos-Ardila Julieth Patricia , Gallina Barbara , Governatori Guido 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSafety-critical systems manufacturers have the duty of care, i.e., they should take correct steps while performing acts that could foreseeably harm others. Commonly, industry standards prescribe reasonable steps in their process requirements, which regulatory bodies trust. Manufacturers perform careful documentation of compliance with each requirement to show that they act under acceptable criteria. To facilitate this task, a safety-centered planning-time framework, called ACCEPT, has been proposed. Based on compliance-by-design, ACCEPT capabilities (i.e., processes and standards modeling, and automatic compliance checking) permit to design Compliance-aware Engineering Process Plans (CaEPP), which are able to show the planning-time allocation of standard demands, i.e., if the elements set down by the standard requirements are present at given points in the engineering process plan. In this paper, we perform a case study to understand if the ACCEPT produced models could support the planning of space software engineering processes. Space software is safety and mission-critical, and it is often the result of industrial cooperation. Such cooperation is coordinated through compliance with relevant standards. In the European context, ECSS-E-ST-40C is the de-facto standard for space software production. The planning of processes in compliance with project-specific ECSS-E-ST-40C applicable requirements is mandatory during contractual agreements. Our analysis is based on qualitative criteria targeting the effort dictated by task demands required to create a CaEPP for software development with ACCEPT. Initial observations show that the effort required to model compliance and processes artifacts is significant. However, such an effort pays off in the long term since models are, to some extend, reusable and flexible. The coverage level of the models is also analyzed based on design decisions. In our opinion, such a level is adequate since it responds to the information needs required by the ECSS-E-ST-40C framework.
Maternal Psychological Problems During Pregnancy and Child Externalizing Problems: Moderated Mediation Model with Child Self-regulated Compliance and Polygenic Risk Scores for Aggression
Authors: Luo Mannan , Pappa Irene , Cecil Charlotte A. M. , Jansen Philip , van IJzendoorn Marinus H. , Kok Rianne 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA potential pathway underlying the association between prenatal exposure to maternal psychological problems and childhood externalizing problems is child self-regulation. This prospective study (N = 687) examined whether self-regulated compliance mediates the relation between maternal affective problems and hostility during pregnancy and childhood externalizing problems, and explored moderation by child polygenic risk scores for aggression and sex. Self-regulated compliance at age 3 was observed in mother–child interactions, and externalizing problems at age 6 were reported by mothers and teachers. Polygenic risk scores were calculated based on a genome-wide association study of aggressive behavior. Self-regulated compliance mediated the associations between maternal psychological problems and externalizing problems. Aggression PRS was associated with higher externalizing problems reported by mothers. No evidence was found of moderation by aggression PRS or sex. These findings support the hypothesis that maternal psychological problems during pregnancy might influence externalizing problems through early self-regulation, regardless of child genetic susceptibility or sex.
Patterns and consequences of life history diversity in salinity exposure of an estuarine dependent fish
Authors: Nelson T. Reid , Hightower Crystal L. , Coogan Jeff , Walther Benjamin D. , Powers Sean P. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWhile it is common knowledge that Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) inhabit oligohaline waters (salinity <5), lifetime reconstructions of salinity histories have been lacking, and this study provides unique insight into interannual and ontogenetic patterns of oligohaline occupancy by this economically valuable sportfish. Growth consequences of oligohaline exposure and the relationship of oligohaline residency with river discharge were also investigated. Oligohaline exposure varied most during years 2 and 3 of life. During this time, 22% (n = 26/120 individuals) of Red Drum were oligohaline residents (≥ 90% of these years spent in oligohaline salinities), 34% (n = 41) were meso-polyhaline residents (< 10% of years 2 and 3 spent in oligohaline waters), and 44% (n = 53) spent time in both oligohaline and meso-polyhaline salinities. Trends in oligohaline residency match putative Red Drum life history. Oligohaline residents were present during years 1–6 of life; however, oligohaline residency peaked during the second year of life (n = 37, 31%) and by year 7 no oligohaline residents remained. Growth of oligohaline resident Red Drum during years 2–3 of life was lower than non-resident fish. However, long-term growth consequences of oligohaline residency were not apparent. The proportion of oligohaline residents during years 2 or 3 of life was positively related to river discharge. This divergence in salinity residency by juvenile Red Drum demonstrates that life history diversity was present in this population and that oligohaline waters provided important nursery habitat for fish that successfully recruited to the adult population.
Does Individual Performance Feedback Increase the Use of Retrieval Practice?
Authors: Hui Luotong , de Bruin Anique B. H. , Donkers Jeroen , van Merriënboer Jeroen J. G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe testing effect—the power of retrieval practice to enhance long-term knowledge retention more than restudying does—is a well-known phenomenon in learning. However, retrieval practice is hardly appreciated by students and underutilized when studying. One of the reasons is that learners usually do not experience immediate benefits of such practice which often present only after a delay. We therefore conducted 2 experiments to examine whether students choose retrieval practice more often as their learning strategy after having experienced its benefits. In Experiment 1, students received individual feedback about the extent to which their 7-day delayed test scores after retrieval practice differed from their test scores after restudy. Those students who had actually experienced the benefits of retrieval practice appreciated the strategy more and used it more often after receiving feedback. In Experiment 2, we compared the short-term and long-term effects on retrieval practice use of individual performance feedback and general instruction about the testing effect. Although both interventions enhanced its use in the short term, only the individual feedback led to enhanced use in the long term by those who had actually experienced its benefits, demonstrating the superiority of the individual feedback in terms of its ability to promote retrieval practice use.
Analytical treatment of the transient motion of inertial beams attached to coupling inertial resonators
Authors: Carta G. , Nieves M. J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper presents, for the first time, an analytical formulation to determine the transient response of an elastic beam possessing distributed inertia and connected to a coupling inertial resonator, represented by a gyroscopic spinner. The latter couples the transverse displacement components of the beam in the two perpendicular directions, thus producing roto-flexural vibrations. A detailed parametric study is presented that illustrates the effects of the beam’s distributed inertia and of the resonator’s characteristics. The limit case of massless beam is examined and it is shown that in some situations the distributed inertia in the beam should not be neglected. Analytical results are also validated by finite element computations. An illustration is also presented that demonstrates the effectiveness of using the considered inertial devices to mitigate hazardous vibrations in structural systems. It is envisaged that this paper may be useful in the analysis of flexural waveguides and metamaterials consisting of inertial elastic beam elements.
On Equivalence Relations Between Interpreted Languages, with an Application to Modal and First-Order Language
Authors: Wehmeier Kai F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractI examine notions of equivalence between logics (understood as languages interpreted model-theoretically) and develop two new ones that invoke not only the algebraic but also the string-theoretic structure of the underlying language. As an application, I show how to construe modal operator languages as what might be called typographical notational variants of bona fide first-order languages.
Practicing Dialectics of Technoscience during the Anthropocene
Authors: Zwart Hub 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper develops a dialectical methodology for assessing technoscience during the Anthropocene. How to practice Hegelian dialectics of technoscience today? First of all, dialectics is developed here in close interaction with contemporary technoscientific research endeavours, which are addressed from a position of proximity and from an ‘oblique’ perspective. Contrary to empirical (sociological or ethnographical) research, the focus is on how basic concepts of life, nature and technology are acted out in practice. Notably, this paper zooms in on a synthetic cell project called BaSyC as a concrete instantiation of converging views of life, nature and technology currently at work in technoscience. While dialectics is used to explore the significance of this project (of this ‘experience’ in the dialectical sense), the synthetic cell as a case study also allows us to demonstrate the remarkable relevance of dialectics for understanding contemporary research, notably because it incites us to see the synthetic cell project as a concrete exemplification of life under Anthropocenic conditions. Should we assess the synthetic cell as the ultimate realisation of the technoscientific will to control and optimise life, or rather as an effort to bridge the disruptive collision between technoscience and nature, or both?
Prenatal Folic Acid Supplements and Offspring’s Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis and Meta-regression
Authors: Liu Xian , Zou Mingyang , Sun Caihong , Wu Lijie , Chen Wen-Xiong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe systematically reviewed the evidence on the association between maternal folic acid supplementation and the risk of offspring’s autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A total of 10 studies with 23 sub-studies (9795 ASD cases) were included. Folic acid supplementation during early pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of offspring’s ASD [OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.41–0.78]. The consumption of a daily amount of at least 400 μg folic acid from dietary sources and supplements, was associated with a reduced risk of offspring ASD [OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36–0.83]. Critical effective maternal folic acid supplementation strategies, such as intake timing and intake dosage, may aid the reduction in the risk of offspring ASD. This meta-analysis provided new insights for the prevention of offspring’s ASD.
Bifurcation of Gap Solitons in Coupled Mode Equations in d Dimensions
Authors: Dohnal Tomáš , Wahlers Lisa 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe consider a system of first order coupled mode equations in $${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

describing the envelopes of wavepackets in nonlinear periodic media. Under the assumptions of a spectral gap and a generic assumption on the dispersion relation at the spectral edge, we prove the bifurcation of standing gap solitons of the coupled mode equations from the zero solution. The proof is based on a Lyapunov–Schmidt decomposition in Fourier variables and a nested Banach fixed point argument. The reduced bifurcation equation is a perturbed stationary nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The existence of solitary waves follows in a symmetric subspace thanks to a spectral stability result. A numerical example of gap solitons in $${\mathbb {R}}^2$$

R

2

is provided.
Global Crime Patterns: An Analysis of Survey Data from 166 Countries Around the World, 2006–2019
Authors: van Dijk Jan , Nieuwbeerta Paul , Joudo Larsen Jacqueline 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives
This article explores the merits of commercially-based survey data on crime through cross-validation with established crime metrics.

Methods
Using unpublished data from 166 countries covering the period between 2006 and 2019, the article describes the geographical distribution across global regions and trends over time of three types of common crime, homicide, and organised crime. The article then explores possible determinants of the geographical distributions through regressing prevalence rates against indices of poverty, inequality, proportion of youth, presence of criminal opportunities (wealth and urbanisation), and governance/rule of law.

Results
The results show that African and Latin American countries suffer from the highest levels of various types of crime across the board, followed by countries in Asia. European, North American and Australian countries experience intermediate or relatively low levels of most types of crime. Levels of common crime have dropped or stabilized globally except in Africa where they went up. Homicides have fallen almost universally. Trends in organised crime are diverging.

Conclusions
Dimensions of governance emerged as powerful determinants of levels of all types of crime. Important determinants of common crime besides governance were poverty, inequality, and proportion of youth. To some extent changes in these same characteristics of countries were found to be correlated with changes in levels of crime over the past fifteen years. The article concludes with a discussion of the study’s limitations and suggestions for further research.
Safety and effectiveness of replacement with biosimilar growth hormone in adults with growth hormone deficiency: results from an international, post-marketing surveillance study (PATRO Adults)
Authors: Höybye Charlotte , Beck-Peccoz Paolo , Murray Robert D. , Simsek Suat , Stalla Günter , Strasburger Christian J. , Urosevic Dragan , Zouater Hichem , Johannsson Gudmundur 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate safety and effectiveness of biosimilar recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH; Omnitrope®) in adults with growth hormone deficiency (GHD), using data from the PATRO Adults study.

Methods
PATRO Adults was a post-marketing surveillance study conducted in hospitals and specialized endocrinology units across Europe. The primary objective was to assess the safety of rhGH in adults treated in routine clinical practice. All adverse events (AEs) were monitored and recorded for the complete duration of Omnitrope® treatment. Effectiveness was evaluated as a secondary objective.

Results
As of January 2020, 1447 patients (50.9% male) had been enrolled from 82 centers in 9 European countries. Most patients had adult-onset GHD (n = 1179; 81.5%); 721 (49.8%) were rhGH-naïve at study entry. Overall, 1056 patients (73.0%) reported adverse events (AEs; n = 5397 events); the majority were mild-to-moderate in intensity. Treatment-related AEs were reported in 117 patients (8.1%; n = 189 events); the most commonly reported (MedDRA preferred terms) were arthralgia (n = 19), myalgia (n = 16), headache (n = 14), and edema peripheral (n = 10). In total, 495 patients (34.2%) had serious AEs (SAEs; n = 1131 events); these were considered treatment-related in 28 patients (1.9%; n = 35 events). Mean (standard deviation) IGF-I SDS increased from – 2.34 (1.47) at baseline to – 0.23 (1.65) at 12 months, and remained relatively stable thereafter (up to 3 years). Body mass index remained stable between baseline and 3 years.

Conclusion
Data from PATRO Adults indicate biosimilar rhGH (Omnitrope®) is not associated with any unexpected safety signals, and is effective in adults with GHD treated in real-world clinical practice.
Stieltjes constants of L-functions in the extended Selberg class
Authors: Inoue Shōta , Eddin Sumaia Saad , Suriajaya Ade Irma 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLet f be an arithmetic function and let $${\mathcal {S}}^\#$$

S

#

denote the extended Selberg class. We denote by $${\mathcal {L}}(s) = \sum _{n = 1}^{\infty }\frac{f(n)}{n^s}$$

L

(
s
)

=

∑

n
=
1

∞

f
(
n
)

n
s

the Dirichlet series attached to f. The Laurent–Stieltjes constants of $${\mathcal {L}}(s)$$

L
(
s
)

, which belongs to $${\mathcal {S}}^\#$$

S

#

, are the coefficients of the Laurent expansion of $${\mathcal {L}}$$
L
at its pole $$s=1$$

s
=
1

. In this paper, we give an upper bound of these constants, which is a generalization of many known results.
Role taxonomy of green and sustainable science and technology journals: exportation, importation, specialization and interdisciplinarity
Authors: Bautista-Puig Núria , Mañana-Rodríguez Jorge , Serrano-López Antonio Eleazar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSustainability science is, per se, a topic that is inherently interdisciplinarity and oriented towards the resolution of societal problems. In this paper, we propose a classification of scientific journals that composes the journal category “Green and Sustainable Science and Technology” in the period 2014–2018 through the entropy-based disciplinarity indicator (EBDI). This indicator allows the classification of scientific journals in four types based on the citing and cited dimensions: knowledge importer, knowledge exporter, disciplinary and interdisciplinarity. Moreover, the relationship between this taxonomy and the JCR bibliometric indicators and its predictive capacity of the taxonomy is explored through a CHAID tree. As well, relations between the Web of Science categories, journals and taxonomy are explored by the co-occurrence of categories and correspondence analysis. Results suggest that the great majority of journals in this field are specialized or interdisciplinary. However, over the 5-year period proposed in this study, interdisciplinary journals tend to be far more stable than specialized ones. The decision tree has shown that the number of citations is the variable with the greatest discriminating capacity.
Hybrid intelligence in hospitals: towards a research agenda for collaboration
Authors: Mirbabaie Milad , Stieglitz Stefan , Frick Nicholas R. J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSuccessful collaboration between clinicians is particularly relevant regarding the quality of care process. In this context, the utilization of hybrid intelligence, such as conversational agents (CAs), is a reasonable approach for the coordination of diverse tasks. While there is a great deal of literature involving collaboration, little effort has been made to integrate previous findings and evaluate research when applying CAs in hospitals. By conducting an extended and systematic literature review and semi-structured expert interviews, we identified four major challenges and derived propositions where in-depth research is needed: 1) audience and interdependency; 2) connectivity and embodiment; 3) trust and transparency; and 4) security, privacy, and ethics. The results are helpful for researchers as we discuss directions for future research on CAs for collaboration in a hospital setting enhancing team performance. Practitioners will be able to understand which difficulties must be considered before the actual application of CAs.
Pelagic Cnidaria and Ctenophora diversity patterns and trends in Macaronesia insular systems (NE Atlantic)
Authors: Gueroun Sonia K. M. , Javidpour Jamileh , Andrade Carlos , Nogueira Natacha , Freitas Mafalda , Canning-Clode João 
Published: March 2021

AbstractJellyfish are important components of the marine ecosystem and present a potential resource for different economic domains (e.g. medicine, food and biotechnology). We present an overview of the current state of jellyfish biodiversity in the Macaronesia region, which includes the archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands and Cape Verde, and examine possible biogeography patterns among its archipelagos. Based on a comprehensive literature survey, historical records, richness estimation and biogeographical distribution, our search included organisms belonging to Scyphozoa, Hydrozoa (strictly benthic species excluded) and Ctenophora. Our search detected 229 jellyfish species, with a dominance of holoplankton species, likely reflecting the insular and coastal morphology of the archipelagos. Differences in species richness, endemism and species affinities are found between the Azores, Madeira, Canary and Cape Verde island systems. Shared trend includes the dominance of holoplanktonic hydrozoans, while the second most speciose taxa (Scyphozoa and Ctenophore) vary between the archipelagos. While widespread distributed holoplankton predominate in the area, species with strict affinities suggests a pattern in the spatial distribution of jellyfish, dividing Macaronesia into two biogeographic units: (i) Azores-Madeira-Canary with temperate and subtropical and/or tropical species and (ii) Cape Verde with strictly subtropical and/or tropical species