bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application across species of a one health approach to liquid sample handling for respiratory based -omics analysis
Authors: Karagianni Anna E. , Eaton Samantha L. , Kurian Dominic , Cillán-Garcia Eugenio , Twynam-Perkins Jonathan , Raper Anna , Wishart Thomas M. , Pirie R. Scott 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAirway inflammation is highly prevalent in horses, with the majority of non-infectious cases being defined as equine asthma. Currently, cytological analysis of airway derived samples is the principal method of assessing lower airway inflammation. Samples can be obtained by tracheal wash (TW) or by lavage of the lower respiratory tract (bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid; BALF). Although BALF cytology carries significant diagnostic advantages over TW cytology for the diagnosis of equine asthma, sample acquisition is invasive, making it prohibitive for routine and sequential screening of airway health. However, recent technological advances in sample collection and processing have made it possible to determine whether a wider range of analyses might be applied to TW samples. Considering that TW samples are relatively simple to collect, minimally invasive and readily available in the horse, it was considered appropriate to investigate whether, equine tracheal secretions represent a rich source of cells and both transcriptomic and proteomic data. Similar approaches have already been applied to a comparable sample set in humans; namely, induced sputum. Sputum represents a readily available source of airway biofluids enriched in proteins, changes in the expression of which may reveal novel mechanisms in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of this study was to establish a robust protocol to isolate macrophages, protein and RNA for molecular characterization of TW samples and demonstrate the applicability of sample handling to rodent and human pediatric bronchoalveolar lavage fluid isolates. TW samples provided a good quality and yield of both RNA and protein for downstream transcriptomic/proteomic analyses. The sample handling methodologies were successfully applicable to BALF for rodent and human research. TW samples represent a rich source of airway cells, and molecular analysis to facilitate and study airway inflammation, based on both transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. This study provides a necessary methodological platform for future transcriptomic and/or proteomic studies on equine lower respiratory tract secretions and BALF samples from humans and mice.
Prediction of 8-year risk of cardiovascular diseases in Korean adult population
Authors: Choi Sung Hyouk , Lee Seung Min , Kim Su Hwan , Park Minseon , Yoon Hyung-Jin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlthough many prediction models for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been developed and validated for Western populations, the development of CVD prediction models for Asians has been slow. Our cohort study retrospectively analyzed the incidence of CVD that occurred between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2016, in all Koreans who underwent national health screening. This dataset included 21,581,796 adults between the ages of 40 and 79 years (10,412,947 men, 11,168,849 women) without CVD at baseline. The primary outcome, CVD, was defined as the development of any of the following: acute coronary syndrome, cerebral infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage, as defined with health insurance claims data. The prediction model was constructed by Cox proportional hazard regression and validated with tenfold cross-validation. The performance of the models was evaluated through Harrell’s C-index and Brier score. The discrimination of the models was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Our model showed an AUROC of 0.762 in men and 0.811 in women. The Brier score of our model was 0.018 in men and 0.010 in women, which was better than the pooled cohort equation (PCE). Our novel model performed better than the FRS and PCE for Koreans.
Fabrication of the macro and micro-scale microbial fuel cells to monitor oxalate biodegradation in human urine
Authors: Yousefi Reyhaneh , Mardanpour Mohammad Mahdi , Yaghmaei Soheila 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study presented the fabrication of macro and micro-scale microbial fuel cells (MFCs) to generate bioelectricity from oxalate solution and monitor the biodegradation in a micro-scale MFC for the first time. The maximum generated power density of 44.16 W m−3 in the micro-scale MFC elucidated its application as a micro-sized power generator for implantable medical devices (IMDs). It is also worthwhile noting that for the macro-scale MFC, the significant amounts of open circuit voltage, oxalate removal, and coulombic efficiency were about 935 mV, 99%, and 44.2%, respectively. These values compared to previously published studies indicate successful oxalate biodegradation in the macro-scale MFC. Regarding critical challenges to determine the substrate concentration in microfluidic outlets, sample collection in a suitable time and online data reporting, an analogy was made between macro and micro-scale MFCs to elicit correlations defining the output current density as the inlet and the outlet oxalate concentration. Another use of the system as an IMD is to be a platform to identify urolithiasis and hyperoxaluria diseases. As a versatile device for power generation and oxalate biodegradation monitoring, the use of facile and cheap materials (< $1.5 per device) and utilization of human excreta are exceptional features of the manufactured micro-scale MFC.
Multiomic analysis of Schistosoma mansoni reveals unique expression profiles in cercarial heads and tails
Authors: Hagerty James R. , Kim Hyung Chul , Jolly Emmitt R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSchistosomes require both molluscan and mammalian hosts for development. The larval cercaria exits the snail host and swims to identify and invade the mammalian host. The cercaria has two macrostructures, the head and the tail. The head invades the host, where it matures into an adult worm. The tail is lost after host invasion. Translation in the cercaria differs in each macrostructure, with higher levels of translation in the cercarial tail and little to no translational activity in the cercarial head. We compared the transcriptome and proteome of the cercarial head and tail and observed stark differences between the two macrostructures. We identified unique and differentially expressed transcripts and proteins, including ribosomal components expressed in higher levels in tails than in heads, which may explain the differences in translation levels between heads and tails. We also characterized the weak correlation between transcription and translation in infectious cercarial heads and tails.
Leukocytospermia induces intraepithelial recruitment of dendritic cells and increases SIV replication in colorectal tissue explants
Authors: Cavarelli Mariangela , Hua Stéphane , Hantour Naima , Tricot Sabine , Tchitchek Nicolas , Gommet Céline , Hocini Hakim , Chapon Catherine , Dereuddre-Bosquet Nathalie , Le Grand Roger 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMucosal exposure to infected semen accounts for the majority of HIV-1 transmission events, with rectal intercourse being the route with the highest estimated risk of transmission. Yet, the impact of semen inflammation on colorectal HIV-1 transmission has never been addressed. Here we use cynomolgus macaques colorectal tissue explants to explore the effect of leukocytospermia, indicative of male genital tract inflammation, on SIVmac251 infection. We show that leukocytospermic seminal plasma (LSP) has significantly higher concentration of a number of pro-inflammatory molecules compared to normal seminal plasma (NSP). In virus-exposed explants, LSP enhance SIV infection more efficiently than NSP, being the increased viral replication linked to the level of inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines. Moreover, LSP induce leukocyte accumulation on the apical side of the colorectal lamina propria and the recruitment of a higher number of intraepithelial dendritic cells than with NSP. These results suggest that the outcome of mucosal HIV-1 infection is influenced by the inflammatory state of the semen donor, and provide further insights into mucosal SIV/HIV-1 pathogenesis.
Communicating With Patients and Families During COVID-19
Authors: Hasselkus Amy , Moxley Andrea “Deedee” 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the need for clear communication between health care providers and patients and families in many ways. Issues such as mask use and social distancing impact everyone's communication and may have a particularly devastating effect on those with communication disorders. In addition, communicating about the virus and necessary precautions has challenged health care providers and patients alike. The pandemic has spotlighted the need for not only health literacy but also digital and scientific literacy, and has amplified the impact of health disparities on health care interactions and outcomes. This clinical focus article reviews these issues, describes what is known about the skills of adults in the United States, and provides resources for communities, organizations, providers, and patients.

Conclusion
Speech-language pathologists and audiologists working with older adults need to consider how the issues described affect patients and families, and work on their own communication skills to help bridge gaps that may have widened during these turbulent times.
Comment des pédagogies alternatives peuvent aider à la réussite des étudiants de physique du 1er cycle universitaire
Authors: Demeyer Raphaëlle , Margueron Jérôme 
Published: July 2021

Entretien avec Paula Heron, professeure de physique à l’Université de Washington, Seattle, USA. Elle nous présente les "Tutorials", méthodes pédagogiques novatrices développées au sein de l’équipe de recherche sur l’enseignement de la physique de l’Université de Washington, méthodes encore peu connues dans les universités françaises.
On discute ensuite une expérimentation de ces "Tutorials", effectuée dans le département de physique de l’Université Pierre et Marie Curie.
The quasi-algebraic ring of conditions of
Authors: Kazarnovskii B. Ya. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An exponential sum is a linear combination of characters of the additive group of

. We regard

as an analogue of the torus

, exponential sums as analogues of Laurent polynomials, and exponential analytic sets (

-sets), that is, the sets of common zeros of finite systems of exponential sums, as analogues of algebraic subvarieties of the torus. Using these analogies, we define the intersection number of

-sets and apply the De Concini–Procesi algorithm to construct the ring of conditions of the corresponding intersection theory. To construct the intersection number and the ring of conditions, we associate an algebraic subvariety of a multidimensional complex torus with every

-set and use the methods of tropical geometry. By computing the intersection number of the divisors of arbitrary exponential sums

, we arrive at a formula for the density of the

-set of common zeros of the perturbed system

, where the perturbation

belongs to a set of relatively full measure in

. This formula is analogous to the formula for the number of common zeros of Laurent polynomials.
Birational geometry of varieties fibred into complete intersections of codimension two
Authors: Pukhlikov A. V. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper we prove the birational superrigidity of Fano–Mori fibre spacesall of whose fibres are complete intersections of typein the projective spacesatisfying certain conditions of general position, under the assumption that the fibrationis sufficiently twisted over the base (in particular, under the assumption that the-condition holds). The condition of general position for every fibre guarantees that the global log canonical threshold is equal to one. This condition also bounds the dimension of the baseby a constant depending only on the dimensionof the fibre (this constant grows likeas). The fibres and the varietymay have quadratic and bi-quadratic singularities whose rank is bounded below.
Can community monitoring save the commons? Evidence on forest use and displacement
Authors: Eisenbarth Sabrina , Graham Louis , Rigterink Anouk S. 
Published: July 2021

Significance
To halt deforestation, communities are increasingly being given the authority to manage their own forests. Although standard economic theory predicts that community management leads to overexploitation, field studies have reported that communities can sustainably manage their forests if specific conditions are present. One condition that is correlated with successful common pool forest management is community-led monitoring of the forest. However, whether such monitoring causes improvements in forest conditions is unclear. Using a randomized controlled trial, we provide causal evidence about the impact of community-led monitoring on forest use. Unlike prior studies, we estimate the effects of monitoring on both monitored and unmonitored forests. The results suggest that monitoring may simply displace forest loss to unmonitored forests, rather than reduce it.
Role of Dot1L and H3K79 methylation in regulating somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes
Authors: Duan Zhi , Baughn Linda B. , Wang Xiaohua , Zhang Yongwei , Gupta Varun , MacCarthy Thomas , Scharff Matthew D. , Yu Guojun 
Published: July 2021

Significance
The somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes is usually required to make antibodies that protect us from foreign and toxic substances. This mutational process is mediated by activation-induced deaminase (AID) and is targeted to the variable (V) part of the Ig genes that encode the antigen-binding site of antibody molecules, leading to higher affinity and more effective antibodies. AID acts on single-stranded DNA that is created during the transcription of the V region. Here, we show that multiple factors that are involved in the release, from pausing to elongation of transcription, contribute to the hypermutation process, supporting the likelihood that transcriptional pausing and elongation make V region single-stranded DNA available to AID-induced mutations.
Ideology, positionality and war
Authors: Martin Anne , Gómez-Amich María 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The objective of this article is to explore issues of ideology in situations of interpreting in conflict zones. Research into interpreting in conflict zones is quite recent and has shed light on interesting aspects. Ideology is clearly present in war situations and may condition the interpreter’s role. This article seeks to identify examples of power relations and ideology by drawing on the narratives of five local interpreters who worked with Spanish troops stationed in Afghanistan as part of the International Security Assistance Force between 2003 and 2015. The narratives were collected using a semi-structured interview technique. The findings indicate that ideology is reflected in the interpreters’ perception of their own role as agents working for the good of their country against a common enemy, even though they were potentially perceived by both sides in the conflict as possible traitors. The traditional narrative of the interpreter as an invisible and impartial facilitator of communication would not appear to be applicable in this context.
Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2 Thin Film Based on Iron Sand of Lampung Province - Indonesia
Authors: Marjunus R. , Febriyanti N. , Stevani A. , Handayani Y.N. , Firdaus I. , Manurung P. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aims to make a thin layer of TiO2 based on ilmenite stored in iron sand of Lampung Province, Indonesia. The TiO2 powder, which was used to make the thin layer, was obtained from the extraction of iron sand using the leaching method with a purity of 60,7%. The preparation of TiO2 thin layers was carried out by the Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method with immersion time variations of 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours for samples A, B, C, and D respectively. Afterward, the samples were calcined at 500°C for 4 hours. The characterizations involved X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), and four-point probe to measure the resistivity of the film. The XRD results in samples A (immersion time 2 hours) and D (immersion time 5 hours) show that the amorphous phase still dominates even though the diffraction peaks indicate that the presence of crystals has started to grow at several angles of scattering. The identification results of the phase presence show that the thin layer of TiO2 at sample D is the brookite phase. The results of characterization using SEM show that the surface of the TiO2 thin layer forms a porous structure. The average thickness of the thin film at sample B based on SEM analysis is 1.9 μm. The electrical resistivity increased with an increasing immersion time.
The Effect of Deposition of MoSe2 Nanosheets on the Performance of a ZnO-based UV Detector
Authors: Larasati Dion Margaretha Chandrika , Fauzia Vivi , Imawan Cuk 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
ZnO is a promising candidate for ultraviolet (UV) detectors due to its wide bandgap, good transparency, non-toxicity, low cost, and simple preparation. However, the performance of ZnO is low because of its high recombination rate. One alternative solution is fabricating a heterostructure of ZnO with a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) compound. This study proposes the facile fabrication of ZnO nanorods decorated with MoSe2 nanosheets. MoSe2 nanosheets were synthesized using the liquid-phase exfoliation method and added to the surface of ZnO nanorods via spin coating. The photodetector performance was enhanced with the addition of MoSe2 nanosheets because the MoSe2 could trap the electrons of defect sites of ZnO; hence, it decreased the dark current and slightly increased the photocurrent. The responsivity increased from 1.03 to 1.25 A/W, the detectivity increased from 0.82 x 109 to 1.9 x 109 Jones, and the sensitivity increased from 1261% to 5701%.
Characterization and Classification of Purity of Limestone in Madura Island for Industrial Application
Authors: Munawaroh F , Muharrami L K , Triwikantoro  , Arifin Z 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The characterization and classification of purity of limestone at Madura Island was investigated. Sampling was taken from nine quarries from different areas. The chemical analysis was carried out by X-ray fluorescence (XRF); the crystalline phase was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Analysis of purity classification based on XRF and XRD results according to British Geological Survey. Limestone has different purity, there are very high, medium, low and impure purity. The sample has a very high purity from Pamekasan (P.1) with CaO content of 99.06 wt% and 100% calcite. The samples are medium purity from Bangkalan (B.1, B.3), Pamekasan (P.2), Sumenep (S.1, and S.3) with CaO content of 91.61- 93.67 wt%. The samples are low purity from S.2 with CaO content 85.79 wt% and 100% dolomite. And the sample has impurities from P.3 and B.2 with CaO content 82.3 wt% and 84.7 wt%. Limestone with very high and medium purity which is processed into PCC can be applied in many industries as filler in rubber, paper making, plastic, paint, food, pharmaceutical, ceramic, adhesives, sealants, agriculture, and animal feed.
Effect of Aqueous Electrolyte to the Supercapacitor Electrode Performance Made from Sugar Palm Fronds Waste
Authors: Awitdrus  , Suwandi Decha Apriliany , Agustino  , Taer Erman , Farma Rakhmawati , Syahputra Romi Fadli 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe effect of aqueous electrolyte to the supercapacitor electrode performance made from Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fronds waste has been successfully analyzed. The preparation of the activated carbon was used a combination of chemical and physical activation methods. The chemical activation was conducted using potassium hydroxide with 0.5 M of concentration and the physical activation using CO2gas. The electrochemical performance of the sugar palm fronds (SPFs) electrode was tested using the cyclic voltammetry method with two-electrode configuration. The 1.0 M H2SO4, 6.0 M KOH, and 0.5 M Na2SO4were used as aqueous electrolytic solutions in this study. The specific capacitance of the SPFs electrodes obtained are 130 F/g for 1.0 M H2SO4electrolyte, 110 F/g for 6.0 M KOH electrolyte, and 79 F/g for 0.5 M Na2SO4, respectively. In addition, the physical properties of the SPFs electrode were also analyzed. The physical parameter of the SPFs electrode indicated a shrinkage after the physical activation processes. Based on the XRD pattern, the SPFs electrode has a semicrystalline structure. The characteristic peaks of the SPFs electrode for the pre-carbonization and after physical activation based on the FTIR spectra show slightly different.
The Role of Temperature in the Hydrothermal Synthesis on the Structural and Morphological Properties of MoS2
Authors: Hasmin Hudya Fitra , Imawan Cuk , Fauzia Vivi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) generally has two main phases: semiconducting 2H-MoS2, with trigonal prismatic geometry, and metallic 1T-MoS2, with octahedral geometry. However, the 1T-MoS2 phase is metastable, and improvements are still needed in the synthesis process. In this study, we synthesized MoS2 using a simple hydrothermal method at either 180°C or 200°C for 24 h, using sodium molybdate dihydrate (Na2MoO4.2H2O) and thiourea (NH2CSNH2) as the Mo and S precursors. The study found that synthesis at 180°C produces flower-like MoS2 microspheres with an average diameter of 10 µm and a 1T phase, while MoS2 produced at 200°C has irregular lumps with a size range of 1–10 µm in a 2H phase with slightly higher (002) d-spacing (6.78Å).
Thermomechanical properties of PEG-based composites with micro-quartz fillers
Authors: Fauziyah Nur Aini , Fajra Dewi Nora , Wulansari Lila Dina , Pratapa Suminar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Micro-quartz-reinforced - polyethylene glycol (PEG) composites were fabricated by a simple liquid method. This study reveals the thermomechanical properties of the PEG/quartz composites around its melting transition temperature. The quartz microparticles were prepared from natural silica sand collected from Tanah Laut Pelaihari, South Kalimantan, by magnetic separation, HCl immersion, and water cleaning. Then, quartz powders were heated in various temperatures, i.e., at 500, 1000, and 1200 °C where we found quartz particle sizes of 168, 217, and 249 nm, respectively. PEG/quartz composites with 10 wt% of these sizes were synthesized and a pure PEG sample was also prepared for comparison. The Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) data showed that there was no additional peak in composite patterns which verified the successful synthesis of the PEG/micro-quartz composites. Meanwhile, the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) data and analysis revealed that the maximum storage moduli (G’) and melting transition temperature (T

m
) exhibited by the composite with quartz heated at 500 °C, i.e., 610.78 MPa and 53.4 °C, respectively. This value is almost six times of that of pure PEG. In general, quartz particle size shifted the G’and T

m
to the higher values.