bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare‐Earth Doped Iron Oxide Nanostructures for Cancer Theranostics: Magnetic Hyperthermia and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Laha Suvra S. , Thorat Nanasaheb D. , Singh Gurwinder , Sathish C. I. , Yi Jiabao , Dixit Ambesh , Vinu Ajayan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been extensively investigated during the last couple of decades because of their potential applications across various disciplines ranging from spintronics to nanotheranostics. However, pure iron oxide nanoparticles cannot meet the requirement for practical applications. Doping is considered as one of the most prominent and simplest techniques to achieve optimized multifunctional properties in nanomaterials. Doped iron oxides, particularly, rare‐earth (RE) doped nanostructures have shown much‐improved performance for a wide range of biomedical applications, including magnetic hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), compared to pure iron oxide. Extensive investigations have revealed that bigger‐sized RE ions possessing high magnetic moment and strong spin‐orbit coupling can serve as promising dopants to significantly regulate the properties of iron oxides for advanced biomedical applications. This review provides a detailed investigation on the role of RE ions as primary dopants for engineering the structural and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to carefully introspect and correlate their impact on cancer theranostics with a special focus on magnetic hyperthermia and MRI. In addition, prospects for achieving high‐performance magnetic hyperthermia and MRI are thoroughly discussed. Finally, suggestions on future work in these two areas are also proposed.
3D Carbiyne Nanospheres Boosting Excellent Lithium and Sodium Storage Performance
Authors: Lu Tiantian , Deng Xin , Sun Quanhu , Xiao Jinchong , He Jianjiang , Wang Kun , Huang Changshui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractReasonable design of electrode materials with specific morphology and structure can efficiently improve the metal ions storage and transmission properties of metal ion batteries. Here the preparation of spirobifluorene‐based three‐dimensional carbiyne nanosphere (SBFCY‐NS) that is composed of spirobifluorene (SBF) and alkyne bonds is reported. Benefiting from the rigid spatial structure of SBF, numerous precursors are coupled through the connection of acetylene bonds, extending to form solid nanospheres. Abundant storage spaces and convenient multi‐directional transmission paths for metal ions are available inside the three‐dimensional (3D) carbiyne structure. Thus, SBFCY‐NS is applied as efficient anode for lithium‐ion battery and sodium‐ion battery. The good stability of SBFCY‐NS‐based electrode and its improved Coulombic efficiency can be attributed to the special morphology of nanospheres, which can easily form thin and stable solid electrolyte interface film on the surface. Those results further promote the preparation of spherical carbon‐based materials with abundant pores that can be applied in the field of electrodes.
Material and residual stress improvement in S355 welded structural steel using mechanical and thermal post‐weld treatment methods
Authors: Al‐Karawi Hassan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWelding is by far the most widely used metal joining method. High‐Frequency Mechanical Impact (HFMI) treatment and Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) remelting are two post‐weld treatment methods that aim to enhance the strength of the steel. In this paper, the improvement in residual stress and material characteristic obtained with these methods are studied by conducting several experimental investigations such as hole drilling, hardness testing and microscopy. Hole drilling shows that HFMI treatment improves the status of residual stress at the weld toe in the first 1 mm from the surface. Furthermore, Vickers testing shows a remarkable improvement in the hardness values at the weld toe in the first 2 mm. This can be attributed to the reduction in grain size after treatment. Moreover, acicular ferrite and tempered bainite are found to be the main constituents in the fusion and heat‐affected zones after TIG‐remelting.
Experimental study on the tensile response of post‐installed adhesive anchor connections in reinforced and plain concrete beams
Authors: Sartipi Sahand , Emrani Seyed Mohammad Reza , Epackachi Siamak , Erfani Saeed 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPost‐installed connections are widely used in the rehabilitation, strengthening, and expansion of existing concrete structures. These connections accommodate the connecting of new elements to old concrete using post‐installed anchoring techniques. Attachment of new segments to concrete beams and columns requires the installation of anchors in slim concrete components. Under this condition, the behavior of connection is severely affected by the small width of concrete elements. Additionally, the behavior of anchors is influenced by the confining effects of stirrups in reinforced concrete elements. In this paper, the tensile behavior of chemical anchor connections in single and group formations of four and six anchors is investigated using the results of 36 individual experiments of adhesive anchors installed in plain and reinforced concrete beams. The key design parameters are embedment depth, section width, and effects of the reinforcement. The results indicate high levels of interaction between all studied parameters. The tensile capacities of the single and groups of anchors are compared against ACI 318 predictions. The main effects of parameters, as well as their interactions, are analyzed and discussed. Based on the test results, several recommendations are provided for the installation of adhesive bonded anchors in narrow concrete components.
Corrigendum: Transition Metal‐Free Synthesis of Carbo‐ and Heterocycles via Reaction of Alkynes with Organylchalcogenides
Authors: Zeni Gilson , Godoi Benhur , Jurinic Carla K. , Belladona Andrei L. , Schumacher Ricardo F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPreviously, this article was inadvertently assigned to issue 6, 2021 with incorrect page numbers. The article now has been moved to the correct issue number 10, 2021 – special issue on 18th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis – for which it is part of. This correction does not affect the DOI number of the paper. The publisher apologies for the oversight and any inconvenience caused.
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) prevalence in Austria is low but causes considerable morbidity due to fast progression to cirrhosis
Authors: Jachs Mathias , Binter Teresa , Schmidbauer Caroline , Hartl Lukas , Strasser Michael , Laferl Hermann , Hametner‐Schreil Stephanie , Lindorfer Alexander , Dax Kristina , Stauber Rudolf E. , Kessler Harald H. , Bernhofer Sebastian , Maieron Andreas , Loacker Lorin , Bota Simona , Santonja Isabel , Munda Petra , Mandorfer Mattias , Peck‐Radosavljevic Markus , Holzmann Heidemarie , Gschwantler Michael , Zoller Heinz , Ferenci Peter , Reiberger Thomas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis D virus (HDV) coinfection aggravates the course of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The prevalence of HDV in Austria is unknown.ObjectiveThis national study aimed at (i) recording the prevalence of HDV‐infection in Austria and (ii) characterizing the “active” HDV cohort in Austria.MethodsA total of 10 hepatitis treatment centers in Austria participated in this multicenter study and retrospectively collected their HDV patients between Q1/2010 and Q4/2020. Positive anti‐HDV and/or HDV‐RNA‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were retrieved from local database queries. Disease severity was assessed by individual chart review. Viremic HDV patients with clinical visits in/after Q1/2019 were considered as the “active” HDV cohort.ResultsA total of 347 anti‐HDV positive patients were identified. In 202 (58.2%) patients, HDV‐RNA‐PCR test was performed, and 126/202 (62.4%) had confirmed viremia. Hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed in 7 (5.6%) patients, 7 (5.6%) patients underwent liver transplantation, and 11 (8.7%) patients died during follow‐up. The “active” Austrian HDV cohort included 74 (58.7%) patients: Evidence for advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD, i.e., histological F3/F4 fibrosis, liver stiffness ≥10 kPa, varices, or hepatic venous pressure gradient ≥6 mmHg) was detected in 38 (51.4%) patients, including 2 (5.3%) with decompensation (ascites/hepatic encephalopathy). About 37 (50.0%) patients of the “active” HDV cohort had previously received interferon treatment. Treatment with the sodium‐taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide inhibitor bulevirtide was initiated in 20 (27.0%) patients.ConclusionThe number of confirmed HDV viremic cases in Austria is low (<1% of HBV patients) but potentially underestimated. Testing all HBV patients will increase the diagnostic yield. More than half of viremic HDV patients had ACLD. Improved HDV testing and workup strategies will facilitate access to novel antiviral therapies.
Effects of alkalinity addition with different strategies on CANON process: Start‐up, performance, and microbial community
Authors: Liu Guangqing , Zhou Xiaohua , Liang Huili , Han Liming , Qiao Zhuangming , Su Bensheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe effects of alkalinity addition with different strategies on the start‐up, performance, and microbial community of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) were investigated over 450 days. In phase I, the alkalinity was increased gradually from 300 to 2,000 mg/L to obtain the optimal range. In phase II, the reactor was restarted to verify the appropriate alkalinity value of 1,600 mg/L. The fact that it only took 90 days (phase I: 170 days) to complete the start‐up of CANON in phase II demonstrated that an alkalinity value of 1,600 mg/L was suitable when the influent NH4+‐N concentration was 200 mg/L (alkalinity/NH4+‐N = 8:1). The slope (k = 2.00) of NH4+‐N concentration decrease in phase II during the start‐up process was significantly higher than that in phase I (k = 1.50). High removal efficiencies of NH4+‐N (98%) and TN (80%) were attained in both phases. Specific anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) activity tests showed that the anammox activity of the two phases reached 3.31 and 5.31 mg TN/(g VSS·h), respectively. High‐throughput sequencing analysis revealed that appropriate alkalinity could promote the enrichment of Candidatus Brocadia, C. Jettenia, and C. Kuenenia (total abundance of 31.96%) while effectively inhibiting Nitrospira (abundance of less than 0.50%).Practitioner Points
An alkalinity/NH4+‐N ratio of 8 promoted the rapid start‐up and stable performance of CANON.
NH4+‐N and TN removal efficiencies of 98% and 80%, respectively, were obtained.
High alkalinity promoted the enrichment of Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Jettenia, Candidatus Kuenenia and inhibited Nitrospira.
The Waring Worlds of H. G. Wells: The Entangled Histories of Education, Sociobiology, Post-genomics, and Science Fiction
Authors: Adsit-Morris Chessa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDrawing on H. G. Wells’ visionary texts, social critique, and revolutionary insights, this chapter revisits and recontextualizes questions raised by Wells almost a century ago around the adequacy of science education curricula to grapple with the still unfolding Anthropocene. Exploring the technological advances in molecular biology that have occurred over the last twenty years, which have instigated an epistemological turn toward what many science studies scholars are calling the post-genomic era, this chapter situates current education research and policy debates within the post-genomic era through new research in the field of sociobiology. Conversely, drawing on the fundamental reconceptualization of inheritance that underlies genomic research in the post-genomic era, this chapter argues for a similar reconceptualization of intelligence, educational attainment, cognition, and learning. The chapter concludes by exploring the potential of a transnational and transknowledge extended synthesis within education, one that encourages critical examination of the impact of globalization, nationalism, and capitalism on science education and works to imagine how science education can be reformed, reimagined, and reconfigured to contribute to the radical actualization of a just, equitable, and sustainable world.
Decolonizing Healing Through Indigenous Ways of Knowing
Authors: Field Miranda 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe field of psychology is embarking on a process to interrupt the historical, colonial cycle of harm and beginning to work with and alongside Indigenous communities to understand the healing journey. From an Indigenous lens, healing incorporates more than the physical recovery; physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual healing exists through learning, which occurs along the healing journey. This healing journey has no definite beginning or end, and as we begin to move away from pathologizing healing to a strength-based healing process, the focus shifts to relationships—relationships with self, community, more-than-human, and the land. This chapter proposes that to decolonize Western healing processes, as a field, we must acknowledge the coexistence of learning during the healing journey. Building healing capacity through learning elucidates the understanding of the past, the needs of the present, and lays foundations for the future to work towards restoring integrity and prompting balanced care.
Redemption: The Repayment of Fines and the Reintegration of Exiles
Authors: Frankot Edda 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe second of two main chapters, this analyses the redemption of exiles and what this can tell us about the values of late medieval Kampen society concerning morally acceptable behaviour. The first section concerns the practical aspects around the reintegration of banished individuals from all categories, whereas the second section focuses specifically on the financial arrangements between exiles and magistrates which allowed the former to return to Kampen. The final section discusses the links between debt and morality, in order to establish whether defaulting public debtors were banished because they were considered to have displayed immoral behaviour.
Looking for (and not finding) a bulk brane
Authors: Reeves Wyatt , Rozali Moshe , Simidzija Petar , Sully James , Waddell Christopher , Wakeham David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
When does a holographic CFT with a boundary added to it (a BCFT) also have a ‘good’ holographic dual with a localized gravitating end-of-the-world brane? We argue that the answer to this question is almost never. By studying Lorentzian BCFT correlators, we characterize constraints imposed on a BCFT by the existence of a bulk causal structure. We argue that approximate ‘bulk brane’ singularities place restrictive constraints on the spectrum of a BCFT that are not expected to be true generically. We discuss how similar constraints implied by bulk causality might apply in higher-dimensional holographic descriptions of BCFTs involving a degenerating internal space. We suggest (although do not prove) that even these higher-dimensional holographic duals are not generic.
Bethe ansatz for quantum-deformed strings
Authors: Seibold Fiona K. , Sfondrini Alessandro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Two distinct η-deformations of strings on AdS5×S5 can be defined; both amount to integrable quantum deformations of the string non-linear sigma model, but only one is itself a superstring background. In this paper we compare their conjectured all-loop worldsheet S matrices and derive the corresponding Bethe equations. We find that, while the S matrices are apparently different, they lead to the same Bethe equations. Moreover, in either case the eigenvalues of the transfer matrix, which encode the conserved charges of each system, also coincide. We conclude that the integrable structure underlying the two constructions is essentially the same. Finally, we write down the full Bethe-Yang equations describing the asymptotic spectrum of the superstring background.
Analysis of W± + 4γ in the 2HDM Type-I at the LHC
Authors: Wang Yan , Arhrib A. , Benbrik R. , Krab M. , Manaut B. , Moretti S. , Yan Qi-Shu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We analyse a light charged Higgs boson in the 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) Type-I, when its mass satisfies the condition MH±< Mt + Mb and the parameter space is consistent with theoretical requirements of self-consistency as well as the latest experimental constraints from Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and other data. Over such a parameter space, wherein the Standard Model (SM)-like state discovered at the LHC in 2012 is the heaviest CP-even state of the 2HDM, it is found that the decay modes of the charged Higgs boson are dominated by H±→ W±(∗)h. Furthermore, the light neutral Higgs boson h dominantly decays into two photons. Under these conditions, we find that the production and decay process pp → H±h → W±(∗)hh → ℓνℓ + 4γ (ℓ = e, μ) is essentially background free. However, since the W±(∗) could be largely off-shell and the h state is very light, so that both the lepton coming from the former and the photons coming from the latter could be rather soft, we perform here a full Monte Carlo (MC) analysis at the detector level demonstrating that such a W± + 4γ signal is very promising, as it would be yielding significant excesses at the LHC with an integrated luminosity of L = 300 fb−1 at both $$ \sqrt{s} $$

s

= 13 and 14 TeV.
Changing selection into full-time work and its effect on wage inequality in Germany
Authors: Fitzenberger Bernd , de Lazzer Jakob 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo explore whether changes in the selection into full-time work among German men were a driver in the rise in wage inequality since the mid-1990s, we propose a modification of selection-corrected quantile regressions. Addressing Huber and Melly’s (J Appl Econom 30(7):1144–1168, 2015) concerns, this modification allows us to estimate the effects of selection with respect to both observables and unobservables. Our findings show that those employed in 1995 would have had lower wages in 2010 than those employed in 2010 and wage dispersion would have been higher, suggesting that full-time workers have become less heterogeneous over time.
PET imaging of reactive astrocytes in neurological disorders
Authors: Liu Yu , Jiang Han , Qin Xiyi , Tian Mei , Zhang Hong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe reactive astrocytes manifest molecular, structural, and functional remodeling in injury, infection, or diseases of the CNS, which play a critical role in the pathological mechanism of neurological diseases. A growing need exists for dependable approach to better characterize the activation of astrocyte in vivo. As an advanced molecular imaging technology, positron emission tomography (PET) has the potential for visualizing biological activities at the cellular levels. In the review, we summarized the PET visualization strategies for reactive astrocytes and discussed the applications of astrocyte PET imaging in neurological diseases. Future studies are needed to pay more attention to the development of specific imaging agents for astrocytes and further improve our exploration of reactive astrocytes in various diseases.
Radionuclide imaging of apoptosis for clinical application
Authors: Qin Xiyi , Jiang Han , Liu Yu , Zhang Hong , Tian Mei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractApoptosis was a natural, non-inflammatory, energy-dependent form of programmed cell death (PCD) that can be discovered in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Based on its characteristic biochemical changes, a great number of apoptosis probes for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) have been developed. Radionuclide imaging with these tracers were potential for the repetitive and selective detection of apoptotic cell death in vivo, without the need for invasive biopsy. In this review, we overviewed molecular mechanism and specific biochemical changes in apoptotic cells and summarized the existing tracers that have been used in clinical trials as well as their potentialities and limitations. Particularly, we highlighted the clinic applications of apoptosis imaging as diagnostic markers, early-response indicators, and prognostic predictors in multiple disease fields.
New solution procedures for the order picker routing problem in U-shaped pick areas with a movable depot
Authors: Diefenbach Heiko , Emde Simon , Glock Christoph H. , Grosse Eric H. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper develops new solution procedures for the order picker routing problem in U-shaped order picking zones with a movable depot, which has so far only been solved using simple heuristics. The paper presents the first exact solution approach, based on combinatorial Benders decomposition, as well as a heuristic approach based on dynamic programming that extends the idea of the venerable sweep algorithm. In a computational study, we demonstrate that the exact approach can solve small instances well, while the heuristic dynamic programming approach is fast and exhibits an average optimality gap close to zero in all test instances. Moreover, we investigate the influence of various storage assignment policies from the literature and compare them to a newly derived policy that is shown to be advantageous under certain circumstances. Secondly, we investigate the effects of having a movable depot compared to a fixed one and the influence of the effort to move the depot.
Full characterization of a phase-locked DUV double pulse generated in an all-reflective shaping setup working under grazing incidence in a broad spectral range
Authors: Hartwell S. , Azima A. , Haunhorst C. , Kazemi M. , Namboodiri M. , Przystawik A. , Schwickert D. , Skruszewicz S. , Kip D. , Drescher M. , Laarmann T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractControlling the temporal and spectral properties of ultrashort laser pulses in the visible and near-infrared spectral range by means of a femtosecond pulse-shaping device is a powerful tool with many applications in ultrafast spectroscopy. A major and successful concept is known as the 4f design, which has a symmetric zero-dispersion-compressor geometry. Most 4f pulse shapers rely on using transmissive optics in their beam path limiting the operational wavelength ranges. In the present contribution, we use an all-reflective shaping setup to generate a phase-locked 266 nm double pulse to benchmark its performance in the limit of short wavelengths. The setup comprises the complete spectral amplitude and phase diagnostics for quantitative analysis of the pulse properties before and after the shaper using the technique of frequency-resolved optical gating. The measured time–frequency spectra are in good agreement with optical simulations. The geometry and hardware of the device including the optical components are designed, such that all harmonics of the deep UV pulses travel the same path, giving the instrument the ability to work with soft X-ray pulses, under vacuum conditions, down to the few-nanometer wavelength scale.