bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parvovirus B19 Seroprevalence in Women with Bad Obstetric History in
Kirkuk
Authors: Alsamarai Abdulghani Mohamed , Hassan Hala Majeed , Alsamarai Mohamed Almoustafa , Aljumaili Zainab Khalil 
Published: July 2021

Background:
In the Iraqi community, abnormal pregnancy forms a major social and psychological
health problem. The underlying etiology of this health phenomenon was varied and included
sets of infections and autoimmune diseases. Globally human parvovirus 19 infection is common
and the infection attributes to bad obstetric outcomes. The global maternal parvovirus B19 remote
infection rate was within a range of 13.2% to 97.9%, while the range of acute infection was
between 0.5% to 97.9%. In Arab countries, the IgG seroprevalence was from 53.3% to 74%, while
IgM seroprevalence range was 2.2% to 84%.

Objective:
To evaluate the role of ParvovirusB19 as an etiology of bad obstetric outcome in women
in Kirkuk, Iraq.

Materials and Methods:
Descriptive Case Control Study. Women included in the study were recruited
from Kirkuk General Hospital and their age ranged from 14 to 48 years. A total of 663 women
were included in the study, of them 237 were not pregnant, while 215 were pregnant. Additionally,
the study included 211 women with inevitable abortion. Control group (306 women) women
with a history of normal pregnancy included (Pregnant= 149; non-pregnant= 157). Clinical and laboratory
investigations were conducted on all patients and control groups to exclude other causes.
Medical and obstetric data and demographic characteristics were gathered through interviews according
to a previously designed questionnaire. ELISA kits were used to determine Parvovirus B19
IgM and IgG antibodies.

Results:
The overall parvovirus seroprevalence was 93% and with no significant difference between
women with normal (89.5%) and those with abnormal (93.1%) pregnancy outcomes. In addition,
parvovirus IgM overall seroprevalence was at56.3%. Furthermore, current parvovirus infection
was higher in women with BOH (52.6%) than that in women with normal pregnancy (49.7%)
outcomes. Parvovirus IgM seroprevalence was 52.6% in women with BOH and 49.7% in women
with normal pregnancy, however, the difference was not statistically significant. In contrast, the
acute infection with parvovirus was significantly (X2=11.8, P=0.001) lower in women with normal
pregnancy (49.7%) than in those with inevitable abortion (64.9%). While the IgG seroprevalence
difference was not significant between the two groups, infection seroprevalence was more frequent
in housewives, uneducated women, large families, non-smokers, in rural areas, non-animal exposure
areas, women with repeated abortion, congenital anomalies and anaemia.

Conclusion:
Parvovirus B19 infection may be with bad obstetric outcomes if occurred during pregnancy
and OR confirmed a significant association of the infection with parvovirus with smoking,
occupation, crowding index, education, animal exposure and the number of repeated abortion.
The Potential of Digital Data Collection Tools for Long-lasting Insecticide-Treated Net Mass Campaigns in Nigeria: Formative Study
Authors: Jo Youngji , Barthel Nathan , Stierman Elizabeth , Clifton Kathryn , Pak Esther Semee , Ezeiru Sonachi , Ekweremadu Diwe , Onugu Nnaemeka , Ali Zainab , Egwu Elijah , Akoh Ochayi , Uzunyayla Orkan , Van Hulle Suzanne 
Published: July 2021

Background
Nigeria has the world’s largest malaria burden, accounting for 27% of the world’s malaria cases and 23% of malaria mortality globally. This formative study describes the operational process of the mass distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) during a campaign program in Nigeria.

Objective
This study aims to assess whether and how digital data collection and management tools can change current practices and help resolve major implementation issues.

Methods
Qualitative data on the technical features and operational processes of paper-based and information and communication technology (ICT)–based systems in the Edo and Kwara states from June 2 to 30, 2017, were collected on the basis of documented operation manuals, field observations, and informant interviews. During the LLIN campaign in Edo State, we recruited 6 local government area focal persons and monitors and documented daily review meetings during household mobilization (9 days) and net distribution (5 days) to understand the major program implementation issues associated with the following three aspects: logistic issues, technical issues, and demand creation. Each issue was categorized according to the expected degree (low, mid, and high) of change by the ICT system.

Results
The net campaign started with microplanning and training, followed by a month-long implementation process, which included household mobilization, net movement, net distribution, and end process monitoring. The ICT system can improve management and oversight issues related to data reporting and processes through user-centered interface design, built-in data quality control logic flow or algorithms, and workflow automation. These often require more than 50% of staff time and effort in the current paper-based practice. Compared with the current paper-based system, the real-time system is expected to reduce the time to payment compensation for health workers by about 20 days and produce summary campaign statistics for at least 20 to 30 days.

Conclusions
The ICT system can facilitate the measurement of population coverage beyond program coverage during an LLIN campaign with greater data reliability and timeliness, which are often compromised due to the limited workforce capacity in a paper-based system.
Publication Trends and Their Relationship With Academic Success Among Dermatology Residents: Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Anderson J Michael , Wenger David , Johnson Austin L , Walters Corbin , Adewumi Mopileola Tomi , Esmond Lindy , Waddell Jourdan , Vassar Matt 
Published: July 2021

Background
Involvement in scholarly activities is considered to be one of the foundational pillars of medical education.

Objective
This study aims to investigate publication rates before, during, and after residency to determine whether research productivity throughout medical training correlates with future academic success and research involvement.

Methods
We successfully identified a list of 296 graduates from 25 US dermatology residency programs from the years 2013-2015. The publication history for each graduate was compiled using Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The Pearson correlation test and linear regression were used to assess the relationship between research productivity and continued academic success after residency graduation.

Results
Before residency, graduates published a mean of 1.9 (SD 3.5) total publications and a mean of 0.88 (SD 1.5) first-author publications. During residency, graduates published a mean of 2.7 (SD 3.6) total publications and a mean of 1.39 (SD 2.0) first-author publications. Graduates who pursued a fellowship had more total publications (t294=−4.0; P<.001), more first-author publications (t294=−3.9; P<.001), and a higher h-index (t294=−3.8; P=.002). Graduates who chose to pursue careers in academic medicine had more mean total publications (t294=−7.5; P<.001), more first-author publications (t294=−5.9; P<.001), and a higher mean h-index (t294=−6.9; P<.001). Graduates with one or more first-author publications before residency were 1.3 times more likely to pursue a career in academic medicine (adjusted odds ratio 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.5). Graduates who pursued a fellowship were also 1.9 times more likely to pursue a career in academic medicine (adjusted odds ratio 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.2).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that research productivity before and during residency training are potential markers for continued academic success and research involvement after completing dermatology residency training.
Nanocellulose Production from Empty Palm Oil Fruit Bunches (EPOFB) Using Hydrolysis Followed by Freeze Drying
Authors: Hidayatulloh Irwan , Widyanti Emmanuela Maria , Kusumawati Endang , Elizabeth Lidya 
Published: July 2021

Empty palm oil fruit bunches (EPOFB) are lignocellulose which is abundantly available in Indonesia. EPOFB has big potential as raw materials to substitute wood in nanocellulose manufacture. The production of nanocellulose from EOPFB consists of various stages, such as preparation by grinding and sizing, α-cellulose isolation, acid hydrolysis, and freeze-drying. α-cellulose isolate from POEFB through delignification using 17.5% NaOH (w / v) at 80oC for 30 minutes and bleaching using 10% H2O2 (v / v) at 70oC for 15 minutes. The bleached cellulose was then hydrolyzed by acid hydrolysis process using 64% H2SO4 for 45 minutes with temperature variations to determine the effect of temperature on the size of nanocellulose. Obtained nanocellulose then dried with the freeze-drying method at a temperature of 50oC for 6 hours. The nanocellulose morphology was characterized using SEM analysis, and FTIR analysis was done to determine the presence of cellulose and lignin. The smallest average diameter obtained at 50oC temperature is 86.8 nm with a 51.5 – 66.5 nm distribution range.
Drying Kinetics and Modelling of Convective Drying of Kedondong Fruit
Authors: Ee Cheak Theng , Khaw Yee Jian , Hii Ching Lik , Chiang Choon Lai , Djaeni Mohamad 
Published: July 2021

Kedondong is an underutilized fruit cultivated in a small scale in Malaysia and it contains nutrients that can be preserved through drying. The dried product can be sold as a premium fruit snack that could generate revenue for the producer. We studied the drying of peeled and unpeeled kedondong fruits using hot air (60-80°C). This study aims to investigate the drying kinetics (drying rates and effective diffusivities) of kedondong fruits and model the drying curves using thin layer models. Ten thin layer models were employed and solved using non-linear regression. Drying kinetics showed that only falling rate periods were observed, which implied that internal diffusion was the dominant mechanism for moisture release. Mathematical models showed that Modified Hii et al. (I) and (II) models were able to predict the drying curve well with the highest R2 (0.9992-0.9999), the lowest RMSE (8.0 x 10-4 - 2.5 x 10-3) and the lowest χ2 (4.0 ×10-5 - 2.0 x 10-4). Peeled samples showed higher effective diffusivities (average 3.2 x 10-11 m2/s) than unpeeled samples (average 2.7 x 10-11 m2/s). The activation energy was lower in peeled samples (25.8 kJ/mol) as moisture diffusion could occur more easily than unpeeled samples (32.1 kJ/mol). Results from this study provide kinetic information that can be used in scaling up of dryer and optimizing dryer performances.
Kinetics Study of Paracetamol Production from Para-Aminophenol and Acetic Anhydride
Authors: Kurnianto Rifki Wahyu , Fahrurrozi Muhammad , Ismail Hilda , Lukitaningsih Raden Rara Endang , Nugraha Indah Tri , Pudjono Pudjono , Rochmadi Rochmadi , Sudarmanto Ari , Susidarti Ratna Asmah 
Published: July 2021

In the last decade, Indonesia intensifies the efforts to reduce pharmaceutical imports. One of the initiatives is establishing a paracetamol production facility to start operating in 2024. Kinetics study is needed as a basis to design the paracetamol reactor. This study investigated the optimal temperature, reactant mole ratio, and agitation speed in the reactor for paracetamol production. In this study, aqueous solution of para-aminophenol was reacted with acetic anhydride. The mole ratio of para-aminophenol to acetic anhydride was varied to 1:1, 1:1.2, 1:1.5, and 1:2 while the temperature was varied to 80 °C, 90 °C, and 110 °C. However, due to uncontrolled heat of the reaction and limitation of the mixture’s boiling point, the actual reaction temperatures were 86 °C, 90 °C, and 108 °C. In addition, the agitation speed of 250 RPM and 350 RPM were also studied. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and densitometry were used to determine the concentration of paracetamol in the reacting mixture. The optimum temperature, reactant mole ratio, and agitation speed in this study were 108 °C, 1:1.5, and 350 RPM, respectively. In addition, a reaction performed under those operating parameters gave the reaction rate constant of 1.95 L mol-1 min-1.Keywords: acetic anhydride; kinetics; para-aminophenol; paracetamol; pharmaceutical industry A B S T R A KDalam sepuluh tahun terakhir ini, Indonesia bertekad mengurangi impor bahan baku farmasi. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan adalah membangun fasilitas produksi parasetamol yang akan mulai beroperasi pada tahun 2024. Studi kinetika diperlukan sebagai dasar perancangan reaktor parasetamol. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengkaji kondisi operasi optimal pada reaksi produksi parasetamol yang akan dibutuhkan sebagai dasar perancangan pabrik. Pada percobaan ini, para-aminofenol direaksikan dengan anhidrida asetat dengan media air. Rasio mol para-aminofenol terhadap asetat anhidrida divariasikan 1:1 1:1,2, 1:1,5, dan 1:2 sedangkan temperatur divariasikan 80 °C, 90 °C, dan 110 °C. Akan tetapi, karena panas reaksi yang tidak dikontrol dan batasan berupa titik didih dari campuran reaksi, temperatur aktual reaksi menjadi 86 °C, 90 °C, dan 108 °C. Selain itu, kecepatan putaran pengadukan juga divariasikan pada angka 250 RPM dan 350 RPM. Kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dan densitometri digunakan untuk menentukan konsentrasi parasetamol dalam campuran reaksi. Temperatur, rasio mol reaktan, dan kecepatan putaran pengadukan yang optimum pada penelitian ini masing-masing adalah 110 °C, 1:1,5, dan 350 RPM. Selain itu, reaksi yang dilakukan dengan kondisi operasi tersebut menghasilkan konstanta laju reaksi 1,95 L mol-1 menit-1.Kata kunci: anhidrida asetat, industri farmasi, kinetika, para-aminofenol, parasetamol
Conductas sexuales de riesgo para embarazos no deseados e infecciones de transmisión sexual en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Tapia-Martínez H. , Hernández-Falcón J. , Pérez-Cabrera I. , Jiménez-Mendoza A. 
Published: July 2021

Introducción: Los adolescentes como grupo vulnerable al tratar de satisfacer su sexualidad se exponen a conductas sexuales de riesgo (CSR) que contribuyen al incremento de Embarazos No Deseados (END) e Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (ITS).
Objetivo: Describir las conductas de riesgo sexual en jóvenes universitarios de la Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal y correlacional; población, 580 estudiantes de primer semestre (febrero-junio 2017); muestra, 144 sujetos elegidos al azar; análisis con estadística descriptiva e inferencial; la participación de los estudiantes fue anónima, voluntaria y los datos totalmente confidenciales.
Resultados: 78% fueron mujeres y 72% con edades de 18-19 años; presencia de CSR: cuatro de cada cinco han tenido vida sexual; 80% 2-3 o más veces; 81% sexo sin protección, 48% 2 o más veces; 60% uso de anticonceptivos naturales, 35% dos o más ocasiones; 50% sexo bajo la ingestión de alcohol o drogas, 43% una, dos o más veces y; 39% errores en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos, 11% dos o más ocasiones. Existe una correlación significativa entre la actividad sexual y la experiencia con anticonceptivos, así como de actividad sexual con la conducta sexual en condiciones de riesgo.
Discusión y Conclusiones: Los resultados coinciden con estudios previos. Resulta importante identificar las CSR en los estudiantes universitarios para priorizar estrategias de salud sexual. Los profesionales de enfermería responsables de la Consejería Sexual tienen un rol fundamental en la educación sexual.
Sentido de Coherencia asociado con los Eventos Estresantes de la Vida en adultos mayores
Authors: Salazar-Moreno C.A. , Alonso-Castillo M.M. , Guzmán-Facundo F.R. , López-García K.S. 
Published: July 2021

Introducción: Los Adultos Mayores (AM) se consideran una población vulnerable debido a la experiencia constante de Eventos Estresantes de la Vida (EEV), es decir, acontecimientos que generan angustia, preocupación y mortificación en el AM, los cuales al no ser resueltos pueden derivar en una problemática de salud de mayor complejidad. La respuesta a este fenómeno puede estar en el Modelo Salutogénico y su constructo principal el Sentido de Coherencia (SOC por sus siglas en inglés), el cual permite al individuo hacer frente al estrés y alcanzar la salud; sin embargo, aún no hay un consenso respecto al efecto del SOC sobre los EEV en los AM.
Objetivo: Conocer la relación entre los EEV y el SOC en AM del norte de México.
Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional, con un muestreo probabilístico en 108 AM. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Inventario de Estrés en la Vida de Adultos Mayores y el Cuestionario de Orientación Hacia la Vida (SOC-13).
Resultados: 77.8% pertenece al sexo femenino, los eventos más experimentados en los últimos doce meses fueron el deterioro de la memoria (54.6%) y la presencia de una lesión o enfermedad (50%). El Modelo de Regresión Simple reveló que el SOC fue predictor negativo de los EEV (β = -.652, p = .001).
Conclusión: El SOC podría ayudar al AM a comprender, manejar y dar significado a los EEV que experimenta y de esta forma percibir su entorno como menos amenazante.
USAHA TERNAK AYAM SENTUL MELALUI OPTIMALISASI PEMANFAATAN FEED ADDITIVE HERBAL DI KELOMPOK TANI RANCA BAWANG 1
Authors: Widjastuti Tuti 
Published: July 2021

Kegiatan KKN-PPMD Integratif dari universitas Padjadjaran telah dilakukan kepada anggota kelompok Tani Ranca Bawang I yang tertarik beternak ayam lokal di Desa Cinanjung, kecamatan Tanjungsari Kabupaten Sumedang dari bulan Juli hingga bulan November tahun 2019. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada anggota kelompok Tani Ranca Bawang I mengenai budidaya beternak ayam lokal, menetaskan telur, menyusun ransum, dan pengolahan hasil ternak ayam berupa daging ayam olahan seperti baso dan nugget. Metode kegiatan adalah dengan cara penyuluhan, praktek pembuatan nugget dan baso dari daging ayam serta demonstrasi penyusunan ransum dan pembuatan kandang. Dari kegiatan ini antusiasme peserta untuk memperoleh pengetahuan dan keterampilan usaha budidaya beternak ayam lokal cukup tinggi. Wawasan peserta mengenai tatalaksana pemeliharaan ayam, pembuatan baso daging ayam dan nugget serta penyusunan ransum masih sangat kurang, tetapi animo peternak sangat baik untuk belajar semua pengetahuan tentang budidaya beternak ayam lokal, sehingga kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan semangat untuk usaha beternak ayam lokal secara intensif memalui manajemen pakan dan pemanfaatan feed additive herbal.
Peran Pers Sebagai Aktor Gerakan Digital Tagar #SolidaritasUntukNTT di Twitter
Authors: Bakry Gema Nusantara , Kusmayadi Ika Merdekawati 
Published: July 2021

Peristiwa banjir bandang yang diakibatkan Siklon Seroja telah mengundang perhatian dan simpati masyarakat Indonesia. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk berkontribusi dalam upaya penanggulangan dampak yang diterima oleh masyarakat NTT. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat adalah mengampanyekan gerakan sosial digital #SolidaritasUntukNTT di Twitter. Gerakan sosial digital melalui pesan-pesan tertentu dapat menggugah kesadaran bagi penggunanya. Untuk mengetahui efektivitas penyebaran pesan dalam gerakan sosial digital dapat divisualisasikan menggunakan metode Social Network Analysis (SNA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memvisualisasikan peran pers dalam mendistribusikan pesan gerakan sosial digital dengan tagar #SolidaritasUntukNTT. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis jaringan sosial dengan teori graf di Twitter. Hasil analisis dan visualisasi jaringan dilakukan di aplikasi Gephi dengan algoritma Yifan Hu untuk melihat distribusi pola pesan dan peran pers pada tagar #SolidaritasUntukNTT. Penelitian ini menggambarkan tipe jaringan two mode yang terdiri dari interaksi antara individu dan organisasi dengan pola komunikasi radial personal network yang memiliki ciri jaringan terbuka dan kohesivitas yang rendah dengan arah relasi directed dan asimetris. Analisis peran pers diukur melalui sentralitas aktor untuk mengetahui degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality dan eigenvector centrality. Aktor @vice_id diketahui sebagai aktor yang memiliki degree dan eigenvector centrality tertinggi dibandingkan dengan aktor pers lainnya. Aktor @idntimes dan @detikcom memiliki nilai closeness dan betweenness centrality yang lebih tinggi dari media lainnya. Analisis jaringan sosial memberikan pemahaman terkait distribusi pesan dalam media sosial untuk mengetahui efektivitas pesan yang didistribusikan oleh beberapa aktor jaringan, khususnya peran pers dalam mengampanyekan gerakan sosial di media. Oleh karena itu, metode SNA dapat digunakan untuk penelitian jurnalisme data.
Genetic association of solute carrier transporter gene variants with metformin response
Authors: Abrahams-October Z , Xhakaza L , Pearce B , Mandisa Masilela C , Benjeddou M , Vincent Adeniyi O , Johnson R , Jebio Ongole J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. It is treated with various classes of oral antidiabetic drugs, however, response to treatment is highly variable with patients failing to achieve adequate glycemic control. Treatment response variability has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which influence the pharma-cokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drug(s). The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic association of 17 SNPs and the response to metformin therapy in patients diagnosed with diabetes from the indigenous Nguni population of South Africa. One hundred and forty indigenous African patients diagnosed with T2DM were recruited and genotyped using the MassARRAY® system. Therapeutic response of patients was ascertained by a change in Hb A1c. Two SNPs (rs1801282 and rs6265) were monomorphic. All other variants were within the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The T allele of the SLC variant rs316009 [odds ratio (OR) = 0.25, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.01-0.09, p value = 0.044] and the CT genotype of the PCK1 variant rs4810083 (OR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.01-7.79, p value = 0.049) were associated with an improved response to treatment after adjustment. No association was observed with post Bonferroni correction. Moreover, this study provides important additional data regarding possible associations between genetic variants and metformin therapy outcomes. In addition, this is one of the first studies providing genetic data from the understudied indigenous sub-Saharan African populations.
Increased expression of Cardiotrophin-1 in cardiomyopathy patients
Authors: Sharif S , Saleem A , Naz S , Rashid F , Iqtedar M , Kaleem A , Latif A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CM) is a condition of cardiac dysfunction. It is one of the leading causes of mortality in which both genetic and environmental factors are involved. Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) level in plasma is associated with CM. It affects the cardiomyocyte differentiation. To evaluate the expression of CT-1 in cardiomyopathy, this study was done on CM subjects attending the Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, between January and June, 2016. A total of 40 subjects were enrolled who were divided into two groups; CM group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). A self-designed questionnaire was filled in by each subject to collect data regarding age, body mass index (BMI) and CM history. RNA was isolated from blood after its quantification, cDNA was prepared and reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for expression of CT-1. The mean age in CM subjects was 40.1±6.03 years, while it was 35.0±3.7 years in the control group. The mean expression of CT-1 in the CM subjects was 5.2±0.66, while it was 1.00±0.001 in the control group. A highly significant difference was observed in CT-1 expression in the CM group, and expression was significantly correlated with age and BMI in CM subjects.