bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flap vs flapless technique for impacted third molar removal: A split mouth prospective randomized control study
Authors: Neeraj  , Beniwal Banshilal , Agarwal Padmanidhi , Berwal Vikas , Malik Richa 
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the post-operative sequelae of removal of impacted third molars in participants treated with conventional flap elevation technique or with a minimally invasive flapless technique.Participants with bilaterally impacted mandibular third molars were included. They were divided into two sites constituting 2 groups. One group was operated by using conventional flap design and elevation and other with flapless technique. Objective clinical parameters were recorded and compared in the post-operative period like mouth opening, swelling, surgical time, and pocket depth. Subjective parameters including pain were also assessed and statistically analyzed.The sites operated in Group II (Flapless technique) had better results (p≤0.05) in terms of pain, swelling, trismus, and pocket depth distal to second molar when compared to Group I (Flap).The flapless technique gives better surgical results and improved healing process after third molar removal and so should be recommended in routine clinical practice.
Ramsay hunt syndrome- expect the unexpected: A case report
Authors: Saxena Poorva , Reddy G. V. Ramachandra , Handa Hina , Singh Ajita 
Published: October 2021

Herpes zoster represents a latent reactivation of the varicella zoster virus infection with a dermatomal pattern of eruption and complicated by post-herpetic neuralgia. Ramsay hunt syndrome is a rare complication of herpes zoster and it is not just a syndrome but it's rather an infectious disease. This syndrome is characterized by peripheral facial nerve palsy associated with an erythematous vesicular rash on the ear. It is characterized by unilateral pattern of facial involvement and presence of vesicles helps in early diagnosis and distinguish the syndrome with diseases mimicking other severe neurological diseases. This article reports a case of 56-year-old male patient who reported with a complaint of severe toothache, which serves as severe prodrome for reactivation of herpes zoster virus which later leads to Ramsay Hunt syndrome. This case report highlights about the management of herpes zoster and its complication and emphasizes on prevention of post herpetic neuralgia complication.
CBCT report of three intresting cases of cysts and its radiographic presentations
Authors: Subbulakshmi A Cicilia , Bharathi Saravana , Naveen S 
Published: October 2021

Accurate diagnosis with imaging and treatment planning are key in the execution of any surgical procedure.Panoramic radiography has been routinely used in dentistry to assist in clinical diagnosis, treatment procedure but it has limitations such as overlapping of anatomical areas which are of interest in the diagnosis. The invention of computed tomography (CT) had revolutionized the digital imaging though their limitations like 2-dimensional imaging features such as distortion, magnification, and superimposition were present. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is rapidly gaining Interest in the medical fraternity. it was designed with the aim to offset some of the limitations of panoramic and CT imaging .CBCT ever since its inception, it had been routinely used in dentistry for its numerous advantages such as 3-dimensional and multi-planar views. Linear, Curved and angular measurements could be performed along with area and volume calculation and density. All with less radiation exposure compared to conventional computed tomography (CT) scans. In this case series three cases of jaw cysts have been presented with varied radiographic features and the role of CBCT in these cases flooding us with enormous radiographic informations which paved the way for precise surgical management.
The perception of Nigerian students of German about serious games: Using ‘Secret of the Sky Disc’ as a case study
Authors: Oyedele Olajumoke , Aderoju Waliyat Kola 
Published: October 2021

The use of serious games is usually common, but digital games are not used in the teaching of German. This study aims to find out the attitude of students of German to the possible use of serious games in the teaching of German at the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) and their impression of the game ‘secret of the sky disc’ introduced by the Goethe Institute for the learning of German as a foreign language. Two different sets of questionnaires were administered to the students of German of OAU. The resulting data were analysed, discussed and conclusions were drawn. The results show the readiness of students of German for the use of digital games in teaching German at the university. The study adds to the limited literature on the use of serious games in teaching German as a foreign language

Keywords: German, Nigeria, perception, serious games, Obafemi Awolowo University, students.
Cross-country comparison of foreign language curriculum in Germany, Spain and Turkey
Authors: Köse Neslihan , Unsal Haluk 
Published: October 2021

In an ever-increasing global world, foreign language teaching (FLT) has been in the agenda of many countries. The purpose of this study is to compare the FLT curriculum at compulsory education in Germany (Berlin) and Spain (Madrid) with the curriculum in Turkey. Qualitative in nature, the study is designed as a multiple (collective) case study. Maximum variation (heterogeneity) sampling, a purposeful sampling strategy, is used to compare the FLT curriculum in Germany and Spain with Turkey, aiming at capturing and describing common patterns accross a variety of cases. The results show that with the latest revisions in Turkey’s curriculum, the curriculum in three countries are similar to one another in terms of design, main philosophy, content, assessment and evaluation approach, as well as the language teaching approach. This paper concludes that the structural differences depending on the language family could be one of the reasons behind Turkey’s situation in FLT.

Keywords: Comparative education, curriculum, foreign language teaching, primary education, cross-country.
Modelling Cabernet-Sauvignon wine sensory traits from spectrofluorometric data
Authors: Souza Gonzaga Lira , Bastian Susan E. P. , Capone Dimitra L. , Ranaweera Ranaweera K. R. , Jeffery David W. 
Published: October 2021

Understanding how wine compositional traits can be related to sensory profiles is an important and ongoing challenge. Enhancing knowledge in this area could assist producers to select practices that deliver wines of the desired style and sensory specifications. This work reports the use of spectrofluorometry in conjunction with chemometrics for prediction, correlation, and classification based on sensory descriptors obtained using a rate-all-that-apply sensory assessment of Cabernet-Sauvignon wines (n = 26). Sensory results were first subjected to agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis, which separated the wines into five clusters represented by different sensory profiles. The clusters were modelled in conjunction with excitation-emission matrix (EEM) data from fluorescence measurements using extreme gradient boosting discriminant analysis. This machine learning technique was able to classify the wines into the pre-defined sensory clusters with 100 % accuracy. Parallel factor analysis of the EEMs identified four main fluorophore components that were tentatively assigned as catechins, phenolic aldehydes, anthocyanins, and resveratrol (C1, C2, C3, and C4, respectively). Association of these four components with different sensory descriptors was possible through multiple factor analysis, with C1 relating to ‘dark fruits’ and ‘savoury’, C2 with ‘barnyard’, C3 with ‘cooked vegetables’ and ‘vanilla/chocolate’, and C4 with ‘barnyard’ and a lack of C1 descriptors. Partial least squares regression modelling was undertaken with EEM data and sensory results, with a model for perceived astringency being able to predict the panel scores with 68.1 % accuracy. These encouraging outcomes pave the way for further studies that relate sensory traits to fluorescence data and move research closer to the ultimate goal of predicting wine sensory expression from a small number of compositional factors.
Deep Muscularis Propria Tumor Invasion Without Lymph Node Metastasis as a Unique Subclassification of Stage IB Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: He Kang , Chen Cheng , Xia Lei , Si Lixiang , Pan Xiaohua , Sun Zijian , Wang Yajing , Jiang Yingying , Shi Yue , Zhou Bin , Wang Shuaiyu , Han Jing , Shen Bo , Zhou Guoren , Wang Xiaohua , Lu Jianwei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

The prognosis difference based on the depth of tumor muscularis propria invasion in gastric cancer (GC) was still debated.
Methods

A total of 380 patients with pT2 GC after radical surgery were retrospectively analyzed, including 185 in superficial muscularis propria (sMP) group and 195 in deep muscularis propria (dMP) group.
Results

The overall survival (OS) was significantly better for patients in sMP group than for patients in dMP group (P=0.007). In multivariate analysis, depth of tumor invasion, pN stage, age, primary location, positive expression of p53, elevated maximal LDH, elevated initial CA19-9 and AFP level were independent prognostic factors for OS. The sMP group had a significantly better OS than dMP group (P=0.014) in pN0 stage. After further stratification, the survival outcomes were not significantly different between deep muscularis propria tumor invasion without lymph node metastasis (dMPN0) group (stage IB) and superficial muscularis propria tumor invasion with stage 1-2 lymph node metastasis (sMPN1-2) group (stage II) (P=0.100). Patients with adjuvant chemotherapy had a statistically better survival than those without in dMPN0 group (P=0.045) and dMPN0 patients with adjuvant chemotherapy had better OS than sMPN1-2 patients (P=0.015). In addition, greater postoperative survival could be observed in sMPN0 patients than dMPN0 patients in p53-positive group (P=0.002), and similar OS could be seen between dMPN0 patients with p53-positive and T2N1-2 patients (P=0.872).
Conclusion

As a unique subclassification of stage IB GC, appropriate adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered for patients with dMPN0 stage. In addition, positive expression of p53, elevated LDH could be potential factors in identifying the different prognoses for stage IB GC patients.
Diabetes Mellitus Among Hospitalized Patients in Mukalla City, Yemen: Prevalence, symptoms and complications
Authors: Bin-Ghouth Abdulla Salem , AL-Hamed Riyadh Awadh , Bin-Sema Mohammed Abdualhakem , Bin-Askar Ahmed Hussein , Kanad Essa Saleh , Muhaimudan Mahdi Zaid , Ba-Gubair Akram khamis , Askander Akram Ahmed , Balhman Marei Mohsen , Blhmad Naif Hassan , Al-Rmaay Saleh Naser , Al-Solaimani Mohsen Awadh , Bin-Menif Abdualsalam Khaled , Hassan Mohammed Adel , Mater Mohammed Ahmed , Qhadair Osama Saleh , Mashikhy Wahballah Mohammed , Al-Aqil Nasser Ali 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the burden of DM among patients admitted to tertiary hospitals in Mukalla city at eastern Yemen.Patients and methods: It is a cross sectional study among patients admitted to in three main hospitals in Mukalla city. Results: the prevalence of DM among admitted patients to the three hospitals in Mukalla city is 16.6%. Age specific prevalence rate is higher among adults over 40 years (40.3%) than the younger patients (2.2%). In a logistic regression only, age is a determinate factor to DM. The main symptoms and signs of the hospitalized DM patients are: polyurea (72.6%), polydipsia (70.5%), blurring of vision (57.9%), marked loss of weight (54.7%) Paresthesia (51.2%) and polyphagia (34.7%). The main complications among hospitalized DM patients are difficulty of vision (60.8%), Foot ulcer (53.6%) and loss of libido (49.2%).Conclusion: The prevalence of DM among hospitalized patients is high.
The Effect of Replacing Sucrose with Glucose-Fruit Syrup on the Quality Indicators of Plombières Ice-Cream
Authors: Shobanova Tatyana , Tvorogova Antonina 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. As functional products with a low glycemic index are becoming more and more popular, sucrose is gradually leaving food formulations. Glucose-fructose syrups (GFS) serve as substitutes for sucrose because they have a low glycemic index. The present research objective was to prove that GFS can be used for industrial production of functional foods, e.g. Plombières ice-cream with a low glycemic index. The list of technologically significant quality indices to be studied included dynamic viscosity, overrun, thermal and dimensional stability, and dispersion of the air phase and ice crystals. The experiment confirmed the synergistic effect of the mass fraction of fat and GFS on the dynamic viscosity, thermal and dimensional stability of the product, and a decrease of cryoscopic temperature.
Study objects and methods. The research featured Plombières ice-cream. The control sample had a mass fraction of sucrose 14%; the experimental samples had a partial (3 and 5%) and complete replacement (14%) of sucrose. Rheological research methods helped to determine the dynamic viscosity; thermometric methods were used to measure the cryoscopic temperature of the mix and the temperature at unloading ice cream from the freezer, weighing methods – to determine the overrun, thermostatic methods – to establish thermal and shape stability, calculating methods – to define the share of frozen water, glycemic index, glycemic load, and sweetness.
Results and discussions. The glycemic index of the test samples was 38–57, of the control sample – 60. The glycemic load per portion of 70 g was 5.3–7.8 (8.5 for control). The dynamic viscosity of ice cream mixes was 580–640 mPa·s (control – 563 mPa·s), the cryoscopic temperature –2.52–3.48°C, (control –2.32°C), and the temperature of unloading of the ice cream from the freezer at the share of frozen water of 50% was –5–7°C (control –4.6°C). As for thermal stability, after 90 min, the mass fraction of melt in the control sample was 35%, while in the sample with a complete replacement of sucrose, it was only 2%. In all the test samples, the structural elements had almost the same size. The diameter of air bubbles did not exceed 30 µm after hardening; the average size of ice crystals was 30–34 µm. The experimental data revealed no negative effect of replacing sucrose with GFS on the quality indicators of Plombières ice-cream.
Conclusion. Glucose-fructose syrups can completely or partially replace sucrose while maintaining the quality parameters of Plombières ice-cream, e.g. dynamic viscosity, thermal and dimensional stability, dispersion of the air phase and ice crystals. The glycemic index decreased 1.6 times with a complete replacement of sucrose. Therefore, GFS can lower the glycemic index of Plombières ice-cream.
Research on emergency treatment technology for water pollution accidents where the pollutants are not included in the emergency database
Authors: Cheng Zhihui , Liu Ying , Lin Zhengjiang , Chen Junwen , Chen Yu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
At present, emergency treatment methods are selected based on case or technical database, and it is limited to chemicals in pollution accidents covered by the database. Based on the existing emergency treatment technical database, this paper adds a new chemical characteristics database from the physicochemical properties of chemicals such as toxicity and solubility. Combining the weight of characteristic indexes calculated by the Criteria Importance Though Intercriteria Correlation method combined with the Entropy Weight (CRITIC-EW) method and Manhattan distance, a model is constructed to preliminarily select alternative technologies for a target pollutant. Then, Decision-Makers (DMs) can evaluate alternative technologies using the compound language combined comparative language based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS) and single language. And alternative technologies are ranked by applying Technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. The closest alternative technology is the most suitable. Taking Bisphenol A (BPA) pollution accident as an example, this method is verified. By analyzing physicochemical properties, forms, and uses between similar chemicals and BPA, as well as applicability of alternative technologies, the emergency treatment method proposed in this study is proved feasible.
Synthesis and characterization of arginine-doped heliotrope leaves with high clean-up capacity for crystal violet dye from aqueous media
Authors: Brini Lahoucine , Hsini Abdelghani , Naciri Yassine , Bouziani Asmae , Ajmal Zeeshan , H'Maida Khalihana , Boulahya Aziz , Arahou Mohamed , Bakiz Bahcine , Albourine Abdallah , Fekhaoui Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A novel arginine-modified Heliotrope leaf (Arg@HL) was used as adsorbent for the crystal violet (CV) dye adsorption in a batch process. The physicochemical and morphological composition of Arg@HL were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The experiments were carried out to investigate the factors that influence the dye uptake by the adsorbent, such as the contact time under agitation, adsorbent amount, initial dye concentration, temperature and pH of dye solution. The optimum conditions of adsorption were found on the batch scale as followed: CV concentration of 20 mg·L−1, an amount of 0.75 g·L−1 of the adsorbent, 90 min contact time, 6 pH and 25 °C temperature for Arg@HL. The results confirmed a second-order model explaining the dye crystal violet's adsorption's kinetics by Arg-Heliotrope leaves. The Langmuir model effectively defines the adsorption isotherms. The results revealed that the Arg@HL has the potential to be used as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of CV dye from aqueous solutions.
Methods to Generate Innovative Research Ideas and Improve Patient and Public Involvement in Modern Epidemiological Research: Review, Patient Viewpoint, and Guidelines for Implementation of a Digital Cohort Study
Authors: Aguayo Gloria A , Goetzinger Catherine , Scibilia Renza , Fischer Aurélie , Seuring Till , Tran Viet-Thi , Ravaud Philippe , Bereczky Tamás , Huiart Laetitia , Fagherazzi Guy 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundPatient and public involvement (PPI) in research aims to increase the quality and relevance of research by incorporating the perspective of those ultimately affected by the research. Despite these potential benefits, PPI is rarely included in epidemiology protocols.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to provide an overview of methods used for PPI and offer practical recommendations for its efficient implementation in epidemiological research.MethodsWe conducted a review on PPI methods. We mirrored it with a patient advocate’s viewpoint about PPI. We then identified key steps to optimize PPI in epidemiological research based on our review and the viewpoint of the patient advocate, taking into account the identification of barriers to, and facilitators of, PPI. From these, we provided practical recommendations to launch a patient-centered cohort study. We used the implementation of a new digital cohort study as an exemplary use case.ResultsWe analyzed data from 97 studies, of which 58 (60%) were performed in the United Kingdom. The most common methods were workshops (47/97, 48%); surveys (33/97, 34%); meetings, events, or conferences (28/97, 29%); focus groups (25/97, 26%); interviews (23/97, 24%); consensus techniques (8/97, 8%); James Lind Alliance consensus technique (7/97, 7%); social media analysis (6/97, 6%); and experience-based co-design (3/97, 3%). The viewpoint of a patient advocate showed a strong interest in participating in research. The most usual PPI modalities were research ideas (60/97, 62%), co-design (42/97, 43%), defining priorities (31/97, 32%), and participation in data analysis (25/97, 26%). We identified 9 general recommendations and 32 key PPI-related steps that can serve as guidelines to increase the relevance of epidemiological studies.ConclusionsPPI is a project within a project that contributes to improving knowledge and increasing the relevance of research. PPI methods are mainly used for idea generation. On the basis of our review and case study, we recommend that PPI be included at an early stage and throughout the research cycle and that methods be combined for generation of new ideas. For e-cohorts, the use of digital tools is essential to scale up PPI. We encourage investigators to rely on our practical recommendations to extend PPI in future epidemiological studies.
Willingness of Chinese Men Who Have Sex With Men to Use Smartphone-Based Electronic Readers for HIV Self-testing: Web-Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Marley Gifty , Fu Gengfeng , Zhang Ye , Li Jianjun , Tucker Joseph D , Tang Weiming , Yu Rongbin 
Published: October 2021

Background
The need for strategies to encourage user-initiated reporting of results after HIV self-testing (HIVST) persists. Smartphone-based electronic readers (SERs) have been shown capable of reading diagnostics results accurately in point-of-care diagnostics and could bridge the current gaps between HIVST and linkage to care.

Objective
Our study aimed to assess the willingness of Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Jiangsu province to use an SER for HIVST through a web-based cross-sectional study.

Methods
From February to April 2020, we conducted a convenience web-based survey among Chinese MSM by using a pretested structured questionnaire. Survey items were adapted from previous HIVST feasibility studies and modified as required. Prior to answering reader-related questions, participants watched a video showcasing a prototype SER. Statistical analysis included descriptive analysis, chi-squared test, and multivariable logistic regression. P values less than .05 were deemed statistically significant.

Results
Of 692 participants, 369 (53.3%) were aged 26-40 years, 456 (65.9%) had ever self-tested for HIV, and 493 (71.2%) were willing to use an SER for HIVST. Approximately 98% (483/493) of the willing participants, 85.3% (459/538) of ever self-tested and never self-tested, and 40% (46/115) of unwilling participants reported that SERs would increase their HIVST frequency. Engaging in unprotected anal intercourse with regular partners compared to consistently using condoms (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.04, 95% CI 1.19-7.74) increased the odds of willingness to use an SER for HIVST. Participants who had ever considered HIVST at home with a partner right before sex compared to those who had not (AOR 2.99, 95% CI 1.13-7.90) were also more willing to use an SER for HIVST. Playing receptive roles during anal intercourse compared to playing insertive roles (AOR 0.05, 95% CI 0.02-0.14) was associated with decreased odds of being willing to use an SER for HIVST. The majority of the participants (447/608, 73.5%) preferred to purchase readers from local Centers of Disease Control and Prevention offices and 51.2% (311/608) of the participants were willing to pay less than US $4.70 for a reader device.

Conclusions
The majority of the Chinese MSM, especially those with high sexual risk behaviors, were willing to use an SER for HIVST. Many MSM were also willing to self-test more frequently for HIV with an SER. Further research is needed to ascertain the diagnostic and real-time data-capturing capacity of prototype SERs during HIVST.