bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat molecular markers to reveal the genetic diversity of superior durian of Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Nasrika Evy , Retnoningsih Amin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Nasrika E, Retnonongsih A. 2021. Inter Simple Sequence Repeat molecular markers to reveal the genetic diversity of superior durian of Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4054-4059. Kalimantan is the center of many tropical fruits, including durian. One of the edible durians and favorited by many is Durio zibethinus, which has many superior varieties. Almost all regions in Indonesia have superior durian varieties; for example, superior durian Gunungpati from Gunungpati Sub-district, the center for producing durian in Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. ISSR analysis was carried out to reveal the genetic diversity of the superior durian Gunungpati. DNA isolation of 16 superior durians used the modified CTAB method. The genomic DNA was amplified using 10 ISSR primers and then electrophoresed using 2% agarose gel. Data were analyzed using NTSYS PC version 2.02. The resulting allele has a relative size of 220 bp-1800 bp, with 87.9% are polymorphic. The similarity coefficient of 16 varieties was ranged between 0.54-0.88. All the superior durian varieties examined were different accessions so that each variety has the potential to be registered as a new variety of superior Indonesian durian. Specific alleles are found in G1, G3, G7, G8, and G13, which can be an identity of these varieties.
Servicestrategien und Service-Angebotsdifferenzierung von ERP-Dienstleistern im deutschsprachigen Raum
Authors: Rüedy Adrian , Hänggi Roman 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungIm Kontext der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit wird der Beitrag externer Enterprise-Resource-Planning-Dienstleister (ERP) im deutschsprachigen Raum sowie eine Möglichkeit zur Service-Angebotsdifferenzierung untersucht. Hierbei steht der Schweizer Produktionsstandort der Maschinen‑, Elektro- und Metall-Industrie (MEM-Industrie) im Fokus. Gegenstand der Studie ist die Frage nach dem Beitrag externer Dienstleister während der Phasen der ERP-Implementierung und dem anschließenden Betrieb. Das Ergebnis ergänzt die bisherige Literatur zu kritischen Erfolgsfaktoren, welche bisher überwiegend im Zusammenhang mit dem Erfolg von ERP-Implementierungen im anwenderorientierten Kontext von Unternehmen untersucht wurde. Basierend auf einer Umfrage mit 59 Unternehmen, ermöglicht die vorliegende Arbeit die erbrachten Beiträge der ERP-Dienstleister in Verbindung mit den wichtigsten Erfolgsfaktoren einer ERP-Implementierung zu beurteilen. Unternehmen, die ein ERP-System etablierter Anbieter (z. B. SAP) einsetzen, sehen in der Implementierung einen höheren Nutzen in der Zusammenarbeit mit einem externen Dienstleister als Unternehmen, die spezifische und wenig umfassende Systeme im Einsatz haben. Den größten Mehrwert durch den Beitrag externer ERP-Dienstleister sehen die Unternehmen in der Qualitätsverbesserung bei der Implementierung sowie in der erhöhten Stabilität der IT-Infrastruktur. Der Beitrag zur gesteigerten Qualitätsverbesserung durch eine konsequente Datendurchgängigkeit kann als Ausgangspunkt zur Service-Angebotsdifferenzierung der ERP-Dienstleister gesehen werden. ERP-Systeme mit der Funktion eines Integrations-Hubs tragen somit zur nachhaltigen Qualitätsverbesserung bei und ermöglichen dadurch diverse Service-Differenzierungen.
Exploring barriers for trachomatous trichiasis surgery implementation in gamo zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Churko Chuchu , Asfaw Mekuria Asnakew , Zerdo Zerihun 
Published: September 2021

Background
Trachomatous trichiasis is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. The World Health Organization recommends eyelid surgery to reduce the risk of visual impairment from trichiasis. Unfortunately, the number of cases operated has grown less than expected. An understanding of barriers is fundamental for instituting measures to increase surgical uptake. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore barriers of TT surgery implementation.

Methods
A qualitative study design was employed in December 2019. Purposive sampling technique was used to select three districts from Gamo zone, Southern Ethiopia. We conducted 9 FGDs and 12 in-depth interviews. Data was collected by audio tape recorder in Amharic and Gamogna languages and then transcribed to English language. The recorded interviews and focus group discussions were transcribed to verbatim (written text) and thematic analysis was done manually and reported accordingly.

Findings
we explored a number of barriers that hindered implementation of trichiasis surgery. The recurrence of trichiasis after surgery was the main challenges faced by operated individuals. The other barriers reported are negative perception towards trichiasis surgery, lack of logistic and supplies, transportation access problem for remote communities, inadequate trained health professional, less commitment from higher officials, lack of interest of integrated eye care workers due to incentive issues, believes of patients waiting supernatural power for healing service and carelessness of patients to undertake operation.

Conclusion and recommendation
Post-surgical trichiasis, lack of commitment from government officials and negative perception of patients towards the disease were considered as the reported barriers for implementation of trachomatous trichiasis. Closely supervising the integrated eye care workers would be the first task for district health offices to increase the uptake and improve the quality of service. Logistics and supplies should be made available and adequate to address all affected people in the community.
Refractive changes of a new asymmetric intracorneal ring segment with variable thickness and base width: A 2D finite-element model
Authors: García de Oteyza Gonzalo , Álvarez de Toledo Juan , Barraquer Rafael I. , Kling Sabine 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
To evaluate the local geometric effects of a unilateral intrastromal ring segment with a combined variation of ring thickness and base width in a finite element simulation, and to compare it against the isolated effect of thickness or base width variation alone.

Methods
A two-dimensional finite-element model of a transversely isotropic cornea was created assuming either axisymmetric stress or plane strain condition. The model geometry was composed of a three-layered corneal tissue (epithelium, anterior and posterior stroma) fixed at the limbus. The implantation of a triangular-shape asymmetric ring segment with varying ring thickness (150 to 300 μm) and base width (600 to 800 μm) was simulated. Also, changes induced by thickness or base width alone were studied and compared their combined effect in the asymmetric ring segment. Geometrical deformation of the simulated cornea and sagittal curvature were the main parameters of study.

Results
Increasing ring thickness and base width along the arc of the asymmetric ring segment produced a more pronounced flattening in this part of the ring. The asymmetric design did find a good balance between maximizing corneal flattening at one end and minimizing it at the other end, compared to the isolated effect of ring thickness and width. Ring thickness was the most robust parameter in flattening both, the central and peripheral cornea.

Conclusion
The finite-element model permitted a theoretical study of corneal deformation undergoing implantation of realistic and hypothetical ring geometries. Intracorneal asymmetric ring segments with varying thickness and base width can be a good alternative in corneas with asymmetric keratoconus phenotypes.
Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine in Pakistan among health care workers
Authors: Malik Asmara , Malik Jahanzeb , Ishaq Uzma 
Published: September 2021

Objective
Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine will impart a pivotal role in eradicating the virus. In Pakistan, health care workers (HCWs) are the first group to receive vaccination. This survey aimed at the level of acceptance to the COVID-19 vaccine and predictors of non-acceptance in HCWs.

Method
This was a cross-sectional study design and data were collected through 3rd December 2020 and February 14th, 2021. An English questionnaire was distributed through social media platforms and administration of affiliate hospitals along with snowball sampling for private hospitals.

Results
Out of 5,237 responses, 3,679 (70.2%) accepted COVID-19 vaccination and 1,284 (24.5%) wanted to delay until more data was available. Only 5.2% of HCWs rejected being vaccinated. Vaccine acceptance was more in young (76%) and female gender (63.3%) who worked in a tertiary care hospital (51.2%) and were direct patient care providers (61.3%). The reason for rejection in females was doubtful vaccine effectiveness (31.48%) while males rejected due to prior COVID-19 exposure (42.19%) and side effect profile of the vaccine (33.17%). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated age between 51–60 years, female gender, Pashtuns, those working in the specialty of medicine and allied, taking direct care of COVID-19 patients, higher education, and prior COVID-19 infection as the predictors for acceptance or rejection of COVID-19 vaccine.

Conclusion
In conclusion, this survey suggests that early on in a vaccination drive, majority of the HCWs in Pakistan are willing to be vaccinated and only a small number of participants would actually reject being vaccinated.
Morphological changes in the sciatic nerve in experimental modeling of contusion injury of the spinal cord in rats
Authors: Kubrak N. V. , Varsegova T. N. , Ryabykh S. O. 
Published: September 2021

Objective. To analyze morphological and morphometric changes in the sciatic nerve of rats after the spinal cord injury.Material and Methods. The Т9 moderately severe contusion injury of the spinal cord was simulated in 12 Wistar female rats. Functions of the pelvic limbs were assessed according to the standardized BBB scale. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment after nine and 13 weeks. Epoxy semi-thin (1 µm) sections were used to study sciatic nerve at the light-optical level.Results. Significant recovery of pelvic limb functions was observed within four weeks after surgery, the plateau was achieved by Week 5 (9.5 ± 0.28 points according to the BBB scale), the deterioration in the motor activity was observed by Week 9 (8.67 ± 0.33), its recovery was achieved by Week 13 of the experiment (9.5 ± 0.87). After 9 and 13 weeks, reactive-destructive changes were detected in the sciatic nerve in 9 % and 8 % of nerve conductors, an increase in the number density of myelin fibers by 28 % and 27 % (p < 0.05) and myelin-free fibers by 20 % and 49 % (p < 0.05), and a decrease in axon diameters by 8 % and 10 % (p < 0.05), respectively.Conclusions. The morphological and morphometric changes in the sciatic nerve revealed after the spinal cord injury in the form of destruction of a part of the fibers, axonal atrophy and a decrease in the proportion of large fibers negatively affect its conductive properties. The leveling of peripheral nerve damage, possibly, will accelerate the regression of the motor deficit caused by the spinal cord injury; therefore, it is necessary to develop a set of preventive measures aimed at preventing the reorganization of the peripheral nerve tissue.
Scheuermann’s disease surgery. Major problems: non-systematic literature review (part I).
Authors: Mikhaylovskiy M. V. , Lukinov V. L. 
Published: September 2021

Objective. To perform multivariate comparison of two surgical strategies in the treatment of patients with severe Scheuermann’s disease.Material and Methods. The search of sources (in Scopus and Web of Science databases) revealed 56 publications containing the required information. The literature data were analyzed in four directions: the results of one- and two-stage interventions are compared in terms of the magnitude of achieved correction and its preservation, the complication rate, the surgery duration and the volume of intraoperative blood loss, and the quality of life of patients in the postoperative period.Results. The magnitude of the achieved correction of kyphotic deformity and postoperative loss of correction in patients after one- and two-stage operations are almost identical. Implant-associated complications are more often observed after one-stage operations, and purulent, neurological and other complications – after two-stage operations. Surgery duration and intraoperative blood loss volume are greater in two-stage operations. The quality of life assessed by various questionnaires is significantly improved, regardless of the type of surgery.Conclusion. Two-stage surgical correction of Scheuermann’s kyphosis has no noticeable advantages over one-stage surgery, however, new studies with long (more than 15–18 years) postoperative follow-up are needed.
Smartphone-assisted augmented reality technology for preoperative planning in spine surgery
Authors: Kovalev E. V. , Kirilenko S. I. , Mazurenko A. N. , Filiustin A. E. , Dubrovsky V. V. 
Published: September 2021

Objective. To present a virtual three-dimensional model of pathologically altered segments of the patient’s spine and to analyze the results of its application when planning a surgical intervention in the smartphone-assisted augmented reality.Material and Methods. A three-dimensional modeling of the target area of the intended surgical site was performed based on computed tomography data of five patients with various spinal deformities. A smartphone application has been developed that allows displaying a three-dimensional object of the intended surgical site in the form of augmented reality.Results. The created virtual three-dimensional models were successfully used in five cases for preoperative planning and simulation training before surgery, which allowed to see in detail the anatomical features of the spine, the location of vascular structures when contrasting them, and to plan the direction of the screws. The potential of using augmented reality in clinical practice was demonstrated.Conclusion. The advantages of the smartphone-assisted augmented reality technology for preoperative planning in spine surgery are the simplicity of creating a computer model, the possibility for a surgeon to use a three-dimensional model for orientation in complex anatomical zone at any time of surgery, and the reduction in the risk of technical errors.
Construction and application of the 3D geo-hazard monitoring and early warning platform
Authors: Liu Dunlong , He Lei , Wu Qian , Gao Yan , Liu Bin , Liu Shuang , Luo Han 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
As geo-hazard monitoring data increases in category and size, conventional geo-hazard information management systems, without a unified integration framework and visualized data display, are unable to satisfy the urgent needs of geo-hazard information management. Representational State Transfer (REST), a resource-centered service architecture, abstracts data and services into resources for unified Uniform Resource Identifier access, enabling it to take full advantage of HTTP with great flexibility and scalability. Based on the REST service architecture, this paper constructs a 3D geo-hazard monitoring and early warning platform with sound service compatibility and scalability by integrating geographical information, real-time monitoring data, and early warning models into the 3D Digital Earth framework. The platform displays topography, stratum lithology, and relevant information, as well as real-time monitoring data in a 3D visual, and provides early warning services for geo-hazards through access to real-time early warning models. As a result, it is capable of providing comprehensive information management, monitoring, and early warning of multiple geo-hazards, aiding decision-making in disaster prevention and mitigation, and enhancing the information level of geo-hazard prevention and mitigation work.
Fiber Length Distribution in Twin-Screw Extrusion of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Comparison between Shear and Extensional Mixing
Authors: Guo M. , Li X. , Maia J. M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
New extensional mixing elements (EME) for twin-screw extrusion were applied to compound glass fibers (GF), carbon fibers (CF) or polyethylene terephthalate fibers (PETF) reinforced polymer composites with polymer matrix of polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene oxide (PEO) and the resulting fiber degradation upon processing was evaluated and compared with compounding via shear flow-dominated kneading blocks (KB). Composites structures were characterized in terms of fiber length and distribution, and cumulative length ratio, at five locations along the mixing zone. Although significant fiber breakage was achieved for both configurations, it was markedly lower in composites processed using the EME, because whereas the high shear stress kneading motion in the KB degrades fibers significantly, fiber breakup is significantly minimized by the alignment induced by the EME prior to flow in the high-stress regions.
Pulsed IR Heating of Thermoplastic Sheets for Thermoforming Applications
Authors: Buffel B. , Leeman K. , Desplentere F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study presents the pulsed heating strategy as an advancement of the current state of the art in industry towards the theoretically fastest method of heating a thermoplastic sheet. Experimental temperature measurements are combined with an explicit finite difference numerical model to describe the pulsed heating method and indicate its added value in IR heating of thermoplastic sheets. Different process settings are evaluated and indicate the effect of the applied heat flux and the time interval tOFFduring pulsed heating. When switched off, the residual heating of the heater elements is able to partially compensate for the convective heat losses at the surface of the sheet. This results in a more uniform temperature distribution through thickness without slowing down the overall heating process. The study shows that this effect is lost when the time interval in which the heater element is switched off, increases. Applying pulsed heating opens up a large processing window to control the through-thickness temperature difference. When the total amount of applied thermal energy is taken into account, pulsed heating is able to increase the overall heating rate and simultaneously keep the temperature difference through thickness limited.
Model Approach for Displaying Dynamic Filament Displacement during Impregnation of Continuous Fibres Based on the Theory of Similarity – Theory and Modelling
Authors: Schulte-Hubbert F. , Drummer D. , Hoffmann L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The underlying process for the production of textile reinforced thermoplastics is the impregnation of dry textile reinforcements with a thermoplastic matrix. The process parameters such as temperature, time and pressure of the impregnation are mainly determined by the permeability of the reinforcement. This results from a complex interaction of hydrodynamic compaction and relaxation behavior caused by textile and process parameters. The foundation for the description and optimization of impregnation progresses is therefore the determination of the pressure-dependent permeability of fibre textiles. Previous experimental investigations have shown that the dynamic compaction behavior during the impregnation of fibre reinforcements with thermoplastics or thermosets can be successfully characterized. However, for most cases, an analytical representation has not been possible due to the complexity of the process. Although it may be possible to reproduce this behavior by numerical calculations, the results need to be confirmed by experiments. This paper lays the analytical foundation for building a scaled model system, based on the theory of similarity, to observe, measure, and evaluate the dynamic compaction behavior of textile reinforcements under controlled process conditions.
Synergistic Effect between Modified Graphene Oxide and Ammonium Polyphosphate on Combustion Performance, Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid
Authors: Pang X.-Y. , Meng Y.-F. , Xin Y.-P. , Chang R. , Xu J.-Z. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To improve the thermal stability, ZF-GO (graphene oxide (GO) modified by zinc ferrite (ZF)) is prepared. In view of the anti-dripping function of ZF-GO and flame retardant effect of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), the influence of ZF-GO, APP, mixture of ZF-GO and APP on combustion performance, thermal stability and mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) is investigated. Results show that the modification of GO by ZF significantly improves the residue of ZFGO by 34.7%. The char-forming capability and unique network structure of ZF-GO prevent the melt dripping of PLA. Although APP can increase the limiting oxygen index of PLA, there is still melt dripping. The combination of ZF-GO and APP improves the residual yield of 94PLA/3ZF-GO/3APP by 4.3 times relative to pure PLA, and the UL-94 level reaches V-0. The two additives show synergistic char-forming effect, and there is both physical carbonization and chemical carbonization. The incorporated fillers can decrease the total heat release (THR) of PLA composites. Specifically, the THR and peak value of heat release rate of 94PLA/3ZF-GO/3APP decrease by 21.2% and 53.9%, respectively. For the PLA/ZF-GO/APP system, plenty of residues and the anti-dripping network structure are key factors to get good flame retardancy. Addition of ZFGO and APP reduces the tensile strength, but the tensile elongation of the modified PLA composites is improved. 94PLA/ 3ZF-GO/3APP shows good integrated performance.
Deterministic and random approximation by the combination of algebraic polynomials and trigonometric polynomials
Authors: Zhang Zhihua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Fourier approximation plays a key role in qualitative theory of deterministic and random differential equations. In this paper, we will develop a new approximation tool. For an

m

m

-order differentiable function

f

f

on [

0
,
1

0,1

], we will construct an

m

m

-degree algebraic polynomial

P

m

{P}_{m}

depending on values of

f

f

and its derivatives at ends of [

0
,
1

0,1

] such that the Fourier coefficients of

R

m

=
f
−

P

m

{R}_{m}=f-{P}_{m}

decay fast. Since the partial sum of Fourier series

R

m

{R}_{m}

is a trigonometric polynomial, we can reconstruct the function

f

f

well by the combination of a polynomial and a trigonometric polynomial. Moreover, we will extend these results to the case of random processes.
Mehrheitsfähige und wohlfahrtssteigernde Reformen des deutschen Steuer- und Transfersystems: Von Entzugsraten, Mittelstands- und Wohlstandsbäuchen
Authors: Peichl Andreas , Bierbrauer Felix , Sachs Dominik , Weishaar Daniel 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Über die Ausgestaltung des deutschen Steuer- und Transfersystems wird im Zusammenhang mit der Bundestagswahl neuerlich kontrovers diskutiert. Die Autoren greifen zentrale Aspekte der öffentlichen Diskussion über die steuerliche Behandlung niedriger, mittlerer und hoher Einkommen auf und analysieren diese aus wohlfahrts- und politökonomischer Perspektive. In ihrer Analyse verbinden sie Methoden der quantitativen Finanzwissenschaft mit einem Mikrosimulationsmodell und beschreiben damit mögliche Reformrichtungen. Für den Bereich der hohen Einkommen stellt sich heraus, dass eine Erhöhung des Spitzensteuersatzes zwar möglich ist, dieser jedoch erst bei höheren Einkommensniveaus als im Status quo greifen sollte. Während die Autoren für den mittleren Einkommensbereich eine Abschaffung des sogenannten Mittelstandsbauchs aus Effizienzgesichtspunkten und politökonomischen Erwägungen skeptisch sehen, legen sie für den Bereich niedriger Einkommen dar, wie das Transfersystem effizienzsteigernd zu reformieren wäre.