bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumption of Cucurbitaceae Seeds Oils is Better in Risk of Cardiovasular Disease Prevention on Rats Than The Consumption of Refined Palm Oil
Authors: OUATTARA Howélé , Atsamo Albert , Ouattara Bazoumanan , Koné Vazoumana , Kati-Coulibaly Séraphin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Palm oil, because of its high saturated fatty acid content, is enhanced cardiovascular disease risk (CVD).We sought to propose Cucurbitaceae seeds oils (CSO) as reducing CVD risk and a good source of icome.Methods : Physicochemical parameters, composition and nutritional value of Citrullus lanatus seeds oil (HCL), Lagenaria siceraria seeds oil (HLS), Cucumeropsis mannii seeds oil (HCM) and refined palm oil (RPO) were compared among them. Four diets differing to the oil were formulated by using one of the CSO extracted or RPO. These diets served to feed four homogeneous groups of young rats (six per group) during 45 days. Diets consumption and efficacy were evaluated. Blood sample collected at the end of the experimentation were used to measure out heamatological parameters, glyceamia, urea, creatinine, lipids parameters, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alanine Aminine Transferase, sodium and calicium. Viscera were collected and weighed.Results : Peroxide index and specific gravity were in accordance to the norm. Free fatty acid content of RPO and HLS were in the norm but acid values of the fourth oils were lower than the safe limit for consumption. Grading of most unsaturated fatty acid content was HCL, HCM, RPO and HLS respectively. Plasma parameters, organ weight and the coefficients calculated were not different (p > 0.05) to each other, but according to atherogenicity index, the grading of high inducing cardiovascular disease was HCM, RPO, HCL and HLS respectively.Conclusion : Without no technological treatment CSO compete with RPO. There are possibility that refined CSO reduced CDV than RPO.
Photonic orthogonally polarized RF and microwave equalizers and single sideband generator
Authors: tan mengxi , xu xingyuan , Moss David 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We report narrowband orthogonally polarized optical RF single sideband generators as well as dual-channel RF equalization, both based on high-Q integrated ring resonators. The devices operate in the optical telecommunications C-band and enable RF operation over a range of either fixed or thermally tunable frequencies. They operate via TE/TM mode birefringence in the resonator. We achieve a very large dynamic tuning range of over 55 dB for both the optical carrier-to-sideband ratio and the dual-channel RF equalization for both the fixed and tunable devices.
A clinical analysis and diagnosis course of children with PURA-related neurodevelopmental disorders in Tianjin, China
Authors: Zhang Wenshuang , Li Yanan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
PURA-related neurodevelopmental disorders are characterised by moderate to severe neurodevelopmental delay, and their morbidity rate is clinically low in children. We retrospectively conducted a clinical analysis and diagnosis course of neurodevelopmental disorders and found it was related to PURA by whole-exome sequencing (WES). A 35-day male infant was found to have mutations in the PURA gene, and the clinical manifestations were laryngeal sputum, feeding difficulties, insufficient power during crying, high tension, hypothermia (the highest anal temperature monitored was only 37.2℃), poor circulation, postnatal weight loss (abnormal weight loss) and apnoea. WES found mutations for c.154dupG (p.L54Afs*147), which caused frameshift mutations of the amino acid, resulting in a preliminary diagnosis of pathogenic mutation on a site that has not been reported before. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of PURA gene mutations lack specificity, which are always manifested as multiple system involvement. Gene detection is helpful to improve the level of clinical diagnosis. According to the literature review, the disease onset age was mostly less than 18 years old, and each system is affected. At present, the treatment measures for this gene mutation and its long-term prognosis are unclear. However, to date, the maximum follow-up can reach 27 years. No literature suggests that the clinical phenotype and prognosis are related to genotype, indicating that the prognosis can be improved with appropriate symptomatic treatment and surgical intervention. What is known: PURA-related neurodevelopmental disorders are a rare variety of autosomal dominant diseases, which include PURA syndrome and 5q31.3 deletion syndrome. Both are characterised by moderate to severe neurodevelopmental delay and other nonspecific clinical manifestations. What is new: 1.No more than 100 cases of neurodevelopmental disorders associated with PURA have been reported to date. 2.This work is the first time a complete case has been followed for such a long time period. 3. The site of c.154dupG (p.L54Afs*147) of the PURA gene has not been reported to date.
Machine learning prediction models based on hub genes related to immune phenotypes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Li Peiheng , Chen Zhi-Xin , Wang Dong , Zheng Zhi , Ji Zhi-Gang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Bladder cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in the world. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is the aggressive subtype with higher morbidity and mortality. Immune check point blockade (ICB) therapy has shown its potential for treating MIBC, but is limited due to the lack of predictive biomarkers.
Methods

1601 MIBC transcriptomic profiles were obtained from 10 datasets. Unsupervised clustering of immune phenotypes in MIBC was performed based on immune-related signature genes selected by us. We analyzed the characteristics including microenvironments, metabolic pathways, and survival rates in different phenotypes. Multi-omics analysis and WGCNA plus protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were performed to identify hub genes of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) distinguishing phenotypes related to prognosis. The hub DEGs were further validated by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). A model was established and CART was employed to predict the responses of patients treated with ICB.
Results

Of various immune phenotypes, cluster 3C was the most “inflamed” subcluster with the best prognosis, while cluster 1A was associated with “non-inflammation” and worst prognosis. There was no intersection of hub DEGs selected by WGCNA plus PPI analysis and multi-omics analysis. WGCNA plus PPI analysis identified 5 hub genes related to the survival rate of patients, IFNG, CXCR6, IL2RB, LCK, and PSMB10. Real-time qPCR results indicated that the expression levels of 5 hub genes were significantly lower in tumors. The 5 hub genes were further utilized for prognostic score model and decision tree analysis. The areas under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curves predicting 5-year endpoint generated from the risk-based prediction model were 0.652. The mean accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of CART for predicting stable disease/progressive disease were 70.1%, 70.0% and 71.7%.
Conclusions

The 5 hub genes and generated models showed the potential for predicting the prognosis for patients receiving ICB therapy. The molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of the hub genes require further studies in the future.
Prevalence of UL97 gene mutations in cytomegalovirus reactivation in the colon associated with or without ulcerative colitis
Authors: Tamura Satoshi , Osawa Satoshi , Ishida Natsuki , Miyazu Takahiro , Tani Shinya , Yamade Mihoko , Iwaizumi Moriya , Hamaya Yasushi , Kosugi Isao , Furuta Takahisa , Sugimoto Ken 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation in the colon is common in patients with severe ulcerative colitis (UC). Ganciclovir (GCV) resistance conferring CMV UL97 gene mutations have been reported in recent years. However, the prevalence of UL97 gene mutations in GCV-naive CMV infection in the colon remains unknown. We investigated the prevalence of CMV UL97 gene mutations in patients with colonic CMV infection associated with or without UC. Twenty-two GCV-naive patients with colonic CMV infection, 15 with UC and 7 with other diseases, were enrolled. Frozen biopsy samples or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were used for nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the UL97 gene. Sanger DNA sequencing was performed. UL97 mutations were frequently detected in codons T75A (95.5%), Q126L (86.4%), and D605E (86.4%), and less frequently (< 10%) in L228P, D263G, A53S, R137C, A140V, G188S, A674T, and T675A. However, no known GCV resistance mutations were found. There seemed to be no difference between the ratio of mutations in patients with and without UC. In conclusions, we did not detect UL97 gene mutations associated with GCV resistance in GCV-naive patients with or without UC. T75A, Q126L, and D605E mutations may be used as genetic markers for CMV in East Asian countries.
An analysis of factors that impact the change management process
Authors: Furxhi Gentisa , Dollija Elda 
Published: April 2021

Business are facing new threats or opportunities due to globalization, changes in costumers demands, new technologies, new expectations from society. Business change to stay competitive and to survive. It is very important to find the proper change and to manage it effectively. Many researchers, (Lewin, 1951; Kotter, 1996; Peddle et al., 1998; Paton and McCalman, 2000), have developed change models which describe important stages involved in effective change management process. Organizational change can be planned or unplanned. Organizations may change their products, structure, strategy or people. Although, what type of change an organization is undertaking, it had been argued that organizational change will fail without effective communication, appropriate leadership, employee commitment and readiness to change. Managers, know that a change to be successful needs to be managed effectively.
There are many factors that create effective change management. In this paper we will focus on the impact of leadership, communication and employee commitment to change. Employees implement changes in organization and if they do not have the necessary information why organization needs the change and what is the outcome of proposed change they probably will refuse it. Also, leadership has an important role in change management. Employees need to feel security from their leader that change will improve their organization and will bring benefits to all of them. Employees are very concern to know if organization has the capacity to implement the proposed change.
Rheumatic polymyalgia: clinic, diagnosis, principles of therapy (to help the primary care physician)
Authors: Svetlova M. S. 
Published: April 2021

In recent decades, there has been an increase in the number of elderly people. Among the patients of the primary care physician, without a doubt, those who are over 60 years old predominate. A feature of the elderly is polymorbidity. Combined pathology, numerous complaints of patients make it difficult to diagnose diseases, require patience from the doctor, and, of course, knowledge. There are diseases that are peculiar only to the elderly, developing only after 50 years. These include rheumatic polymyalgia. This pathology is not frequent and, in this regard, is not very familiar to outpatient therapists. However, it is to them that elderly patients turn with complaints of pain and stiffness in the shoulder and/or pelvic girdle, in the neck, in the joints of the hands, fever, weight loss, sleep disorders, depression, general malaise (the main complaints of patients with rheumatic polymyalgia). The above-mentioned clinical manifestations, as well as the high laboratory activity inherent in this disease, make the doctor look for malignant neoplasms, infectious, systemic processes. This takes a long time, the diagnosis is delayed, the sufferings of the patient are prolonged. The article presents data on the prevalence, clinical features, methods of diagnosis of rheumatic polymyalgia and its differential diagnosis. The criteria of the disease, the principles of management of the patient at the outpatient stage (step-by-step treatment with glucocorticoids, alternative approaches, prevention of side effects of therapy, which develop quite often) are also given. Awareness of primary care physicians about rheumatic polymyalgia, its manifestations and diagnostic methods will speed up the diagnosis, timely consultation of the patient with a rheumatologist, which will allow you to start adequate treatment, significantly improve the quality of life of an elderly patient, and prevent the destabilization of concomitant diseases.
Innovative methods of rehabilitation at the outpatient and homestages in patients after pneumonia COVID-19
Authors: Alenskaya T. L. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. One of the important issues in the context of COVID-19 infection is the development of innovative forms of work with patients after pneumonia at the outpatient and home stages of medical rehabilitation.Objective: to develop a remote form of work organization and to study the effectiveness of hypobaric altitude chamber adaptation and cytoflavin at the outpatient and home stages of medical rehabilitation in patients after pneumonia COVID-19.Materials and methods. The study included 315 people after suffering from COVID-19 pneumonia. The first group consisted of 160 people who underwent a course of hypobaric altitude chamber adaptation, the average age of 53.5 (45,61) years. The second group (50 people) underwent a course of taking cytoflavin tablets; 63.9 (60.5; 67.6) years. The third group (105 patients) underwent a course of hypobaric chamber adaptation and cytoflavin administration; 55.1 (45.7; 60.9) years. We analyzed the scales that characterize the quality of life and psychological state of patients before and after the rehabilitation course, and 3 months after the end of the course.Results and discussion. The use of one-and two-component courses contributed to the improvement of the indicators of the traumatic event impact assessment scale, the Schulte Table scale, and the self-assessment of the EQ-5 quality of life scale. The results obtained were statistically significantly different after the course of rehabilitation from the initial values and retained their difference after three months of observation.Conclusions. An innovative remote form of work at the outpatient and home stages of medical rehabilitation has been developed and implemented – the YouTube project “Let’s help each other recover from pneumonia” (PDDVSMU). The stable prolonged effectiveness of a one- and two-component course of hypobaric altitude chamber adaptation in patients after COVID-19 pneumonia at the outpatient and home stages of medical rehabilitation is shown. The addition of cytoflavin enhanced the rehabilitation effect of hypobaric adaptation. The data obtained should be taken into account when developing comprehensive programs for medical rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19 pneumonia.
The effect on the gastrointestinal tract of various forms of alendronate in comorbid patients taking NSAIDs
Authors: Shafieva I. A. , Bulgakova S. V. , Shafieva A. V. , Kniazev N. A. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The use of bisphosphonates is associated with some risk of side effects. Gastrointestinal tract complications are particularly important in clinical practice, as they constitute the main reason for refusing bisphosphonate therapy.Objective: To evaluate the effect of various forms of alendronate on the gastrointestinal tract in comorbid patients taking NSAIDs.Materials and methods. The study included 88 women aged 58–65 years (mean age 61.5 ± 3.5 years) with polyosteoarthrosis combined with postmenopausal osteoporosis, who received NSAIDs at medium therapeutic doses to manage a pain syndrome for a long time (3–5 years). The patients were divided into two groups: a group of patients receiving alendronate in the form of a buffered solution (n = 45), and a group of patients receiving alendronate in the form of non-dissolving tablets (n = 43). The first group used Binosto (adendronic acid) 70 mg as effervescent tablets once a week. The results were assessed before initiation of treatment and 6 months after treatment with bisphosphonates. Symptoms were evaluated using the GerdQ questionnaire. Esophageal mucosal injury and gastroduodenal ulceration were assessed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.Results and discussion. After 6-month treatment, comparison of the two groups showed that the percentage of patients with a total GerdQ score of ≥ 8 points was significantly higher in the group of patients taking alendronate in the form of non-dissolving tablets (p = 0.04). The endoscopic findings showed that the number of patients with grade A reflux esophagitis in group 1 increased by 3.3%. The number of grade A reflux esophagitis cases in group 2 increased by 2.2%, those of grade B, C and D cases by 2.4%. The number of gastroduodenal ulcer cases also increased by 2.2% and 4.7% in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The number of gastroduodenal erosions increased by 3.5% in group 1 and 7% in group 2.Сonclusion. Symptoms were less severe in patients receiving alendronate in the form of a solution, which points to the importance of choosing the optimal oral bisphosphonate for each patient.
Effect of polymorphisms in CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C>T, CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A>G, ABCB1 (rs4148738) C>T and ABCB1 (rs1045642) C>T genes on apixaban anticoagulation: pilot study results
Authors: Sychev I. N. , Fedina L. V. , Osipov A. S. , Temirbulatov I. I. , Tataroy O. Yu. , Sozaeva Zh. A. , Akmalova K. A. , Denisenko N. P. , Abdullaev S. P. , Kachanova A. A. , Grishina E. A. , Mirzaev K. B. , Sychev D. A. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Apixaban is a direct oral anticoagulant prescribed for treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and for prevention of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) such as apixaban are rapidly replacing warfarin therapy due to improved efficacy and safety profile shown in clinical trials. However, anticoagulants can cause serious and adverse drug reactions (ADRs).Aim. Study of the effect of carriage of polymorphisms in CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C>T, CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A>G, ABCB1 (rs4148738) C>T and ABCB1 (rs1045642) C>T genes on the change in prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in patients using apixaban.Materials and methods. A total of 36 patients were enrolled onto this prospective observational study. All patients received apixaban at doses in accordance with instructions on how to administer the drug. Atrial fibrillation was diagnosed in 26 patients, and secondary thrombotic complications in 23 patients. To perform pharmacogenetic tests and measure aPTT and PT parameters, venous blood samples from each patient were drawn on Days 4-5 after prescription of apixaban. The PharmGKB database was used to select candidate genes for the study. Genotyping was performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Statistical analysis: data were analyzed by using IBM SPSS Statistics program, Version 23.0.Results. In our study, we assessed the effect of polymorphisms in ABCB1 (rs1045738) C>T, ABCB1 (rs4148642) C>T genes on the aPTT and PT parameters. No statistically significant associations were found.Conclusion. The differences between PT and APTT values in patients using apixaban in the groups with different polymorphisms in ABCB1 (rs1045738) C>T, ABCB1 (rs4148642) C>T gene were not statistically significant. Further studies are necessary to assess the effect of pharmacogenetics on the safety and efficacy profile of apixaban.
Inflammaging: inflammation and oxidative stress as a cause of aging and cognitive decline
Authors: Pereverzev A. P. , Romanovskii R. R. , Shatalova N. A. , Ostroumova O. D. 
Published: April 2021

According to the theory of inflammaging, aging of the body and the development of age-related diseases are a consequence of a chronic progressive generalized inflammatory process that develops and persists throughout life under the influence of negative factors of an infectious and non-infectious nature. Inflammaging has a number of features that distinguish it from acute inflammation: a chronic nature of inflammation, a low level of inflammation, blurry clinical state (in the early stages of clinical manifestations there may not be any at all). The key pathogenetic role in inflammation plays age-associated changes in the innate immune system, which are referred to in the English literature as “immunosenescence” and oxidative stress. The main source of reactive oxygen species and free radicals in the cells are mitochondria. With age, the concentration of intracellular glutathione, one of the main factors of the antioxidant protection of the cell, decreases and a pathological condition arises in which the rate of production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species significantly exceeds the antioxidant capabilities, which leads to the formation of oxidative stress and disruption of the structure and function of cells. Oxidative stress, inflammation and neuroinflammation are closely related to cognitive impairment, pathological state that is often observed in a group of elderly and senile patients. Further study of the pathogenesis of Inflammaging and the role of oxidative stress in it will potentially lead to development of methods to slow down aging and treat age-related cognitive impairments.
The basic principle of pathogenetic therapy of purulent-inflammatory pathology of ENT organs
Authors: Gurov A. V. , Yushkina M. A. 
Published: April 2021

The nature of the clinical manifestations of purulent-inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs is determined, first of all, by the localization of the process, and in addition, by the severity of the reactions of general and local inflammation. In this regard, the authors of the article propose to consider the main factors of pathogenesis that determine the sequence and relationship of the stages of the inflammatory response: edema, redness, fever, pain and dysfunction. A special role in the implementation of the regulatory mechanisms of inflammation belongs to active molecules, the so-called inflammatory mediators. The authors of the article consider the main cellular and plasma mediators, concluding that most of the effects they carry out are accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the vascular wall, exudation, edema and tissue swelling. A similar reaction is, in general, nonspecific and is observed in a number of inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs, such as acute rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, acute sinusitis, eustachitis, acute otitis media. This circumstance allows the authors to conclude that a local therapeutic effect is necessary on this particular link of pathogenesis. To this end, the authors of the article propose the use of nasal decongestants, drugs with an alpha-adrenomimetic effect, which effectively relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa and facilitate nasal breathing. In clinical practice, preparations based on xylometazoline have proven themselves well.