bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisa Syariah Terhadap Konsep dan Jualan Lelong Secara Bisik: Kajian Kes Pasar Bisik Kuala Muda Kedah
Authors: Mas'ad Aunurrochim Muhamad 
Published: April 2021

Auction is a sale process practiced by communities by offering goods or services for bid and selling them to the highest bidder. Normally, the auction is implemented openly, but there are some people who did it in secret in which the buyer or bidder will whisper alternately price offered to the seller and followed by the other bidders as what happened in the market mechanism in Kuala Muda Malaysia which called as Pasar Bisik. This paper aimed to examine the extent of compliance of the auction sale conducted by whisper to the Islamic law in terms of fulfillment of the principles and conditions of sale contract. The study found that selling auction by whisper is like an ordinary auction sale practice which made either bright light or in writing even in the online auction, ie when the rules and conditions can be fulfilled and independent of the main elements of which are prohibited; riba, gharar, najsy, curbun and maysir. Rather than that, Islam is very concerned and considering the good habit or practice among the society to make it as a rule based on Islamic legal maxims (al-cadat Muhakkamah) and (al-macruf curfan ka al-masyrut syartan).
Abstrak
Lelong adalah salah satu proses jual beli yang diamalkan oleh sebahagian masyarakat untuk memenuhi kehidupan mereka dengan cara menawarkan barang atau (perkhidmatan) untuk dibida, mengambil bida kemudian menjual barang kepada pembida tertinggi. Kebiasaannya lelong dilakasanakan secara terbuka sama ada secara lisan ataupun bertulis. Namun ada juga sesetengah masyarakat yang melakukannya secara bisik di mana pembeli atau pembida akan membisikkan secara bergantian harga barang yang ditawarkan kepada penjual dan dikuti oleh pembida-pembida yang lain sepertimana yang berlaku pada mekanisma pasar bisik di Kuala Muda Malaysia. Oleh itu, kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana kepatuhan jual beli lelong yang dilakukan secara bisik terhadap kehendak syarak dari segi terpenuhinya rukun dan syarat jual beli. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa jual beli lelong secara bisik tak ubahnya seperti praktek jual beli lelong secara tradisional yang dilakukan sama ada secara terang terangan ataupun secara bertulis bahkan lelong di atas talian; iaitu boleh apabila rukun dan syaratnya terpenuhi dan bebas dari elemen utama yang dilarang; riba, gharar, najsy, curbun dan maysir. Selain itu, syarak sangat mengambil berat dan mempertimbangkan aspek kebiasaan atau amalan yang baik yang menjadi tradisi di kalangan masyarakat untuk dijadikan suatu hukum sebagaimana disebutkan dalam kaedah fiqh (al-cadat muhakkamah) dan (al-macruf curfan ka al-masyrut syartan).
Al-Muhaddithat: The Women Scholars In Islam
Authors: Hamisan@Khair Nur Saadah 
Published: April 2021

The book entitled Al-Muhaddithat: The Women Scholars in Islam was written by Mohammad Akram Nadwi, and it was published by Interface Publications Ltd. in 2007. It was the result of a study of more than 15 years to produce 40 volumes of Muslim biographies of the women scholars of hadiths which were written in Arabic, and this book is an early introduction which was written in English. The author has explained in the pre-book as an introduction regarding the purpose of writing this book. It contains ten chapters. Each chapter is equipped with footnotes, and the list of references consists of classical sources (turāth) and Arabic manuscripts arranged alphabetically. Although this book is a preamble to the wider series of books, it was a great effort and has received a very positive response among readers. It is reasonable as compulsory reading material by the academicians and students who are directly involved in the field of Hadith, but it is also not too heavy to be used as general reading for the public who are keen to explore the culture of knowledge practiced by women who are known as al-muḥaddithāt.
Abstrak
Buku yang berjudul Al-Muhaddithat: The Women Scholars in Islam aditulis oleh Mohammad Akram Nadwi, dan telah diterbitkan oleh Interface Publications Ltd. pada tahun 2007. Ia adalah hasil kajian selama lebih daripada 15 tahun untuk menghasilkan 40 jilid kamus biografi ulama wanita hadis Nabi yang ditulis dalam bahasa Arab, dan buku ini merupakan pengenalan awal kepada kamus tersebut yang ditulis dalam bahasa Inggeris. Hal ini dijelaskan di dalam pra kata buku sebagai pengenalan kepada tujuan buku ini ditulis. Ia mengandungi sepuluh bab. Dimulai dengan “Pendahuluan” sebelum bab pertama, dan diakhiri dengan “Rujukan” dan “Indeks”. Setiap bab dilengkapi dengan nota kaki, dan senarai rujukannya terdiri daripada sumber klasik (turāth) dan manuskrip Arab yang disusun mengikut abjad. Biarpun buku ini merupakan mukaddimah kepada siri buku yang lebih luas, ia merupakan usaha yang sangat besar dan telah pun mendapat respon yang sangat positif dalam kalangan pembaca. Ia wajar dijadikan bacaan wajib oleh para akademik dan pelajar yang terlibat secara langsung dalam bidang hadis, tetapi ia juga tidak begitu berat untuk dijadikan bacaan umum untuk orang awam yang berminat untuk mendalami budaya ilmu yang telah dipraktikkan oleh para wanita yang bergelar al-muḥaddithāt.
Brain abscess complicating a diabetic man with Evans syndrome: a case report
Authors: Alam Dilruba , Habib Rumana , Muhtasim Mahir , Haque Md Rezwanul 
Published: April 2021

Brain abscess is a relatively rare but potentially life threatening condition. The classic clinical triad of fever, headache and focal neurological sign may not be present in an immuno-compromised patient. The diagnostic delay may result in fatal outcome. A 52-year-old diabetic gentleman with history of chronic immunosuppressive therapy due to Evans syndrome presented with headache, generalized tonic- clonic seizure and right upper limb monoparesis. Clinical ground and neuroimaging was suggestive of pyogenic brain abscess. Patient was treated with antibiotic therapy for prolong period and there was complete clinical and radiological recovery.
Birdem Med J 2021; 11(2): 137-141
Profiling of miR-205/P4HA3 Following Angiotensin II-Induced Atrial Fibrosis: Implications for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Xiao Zezhou , Reddy Desai Pavan Kumar , Xue Chuqing , Liu Ximao , Chen Xiong , Li Jiale , Ling Xiao , Zheng Shaoyi 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Atrial fibroblasts are the main component of atrial fibrosis. Data in previous studies proved the implication of miRNAs in AF progression and the association of miR-205 with cancer associated-fibroblasts, while no evidence supported the implication of miR-205 in atrial fibrosis. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effect and mechanism of miR-205/P4HA3 axis on atrial fibrosis.Methods: Angiotensin II (Ang II) was used to induce atrial fibrosis model in rats, which was verified by H&amp;E staining and Masson staining. qRT-PCR and Western blot were applied to measure the expressions of miR-205, P4HA3, collagen I, and α-SMA. The rat atrial fibroblasts were isolated and then subjected to Ang II treatment or cell transfection for determination of cell biological functions using CCK-8, BrdU assay, TUNEL staining, and cell scratch assay. qRT-PCR and Western blot was applied to analyze the expressions of miR-205, P4HA3, collagen I, α-SMA, JNK, and p-JNK in atrial fibroblasts. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immune-precipitation experiment was employed to verify the binding relationship between miR-205 and P4HA3.Results: Ang II induced rats had disordered arrangement of atrial muscles with uneven nuclear sizes and necrotic atrial myocytes, and increased collagen deposition, in which elevated expressions of P4HA3, collagen I, and α-SMA as well as suppressed expression level of miR-205 were found. In vitro, Ang II treatment in atrial fibroblasts with overexpression of P4HA3 facilitated cellular migration and proliferation, with the induction of JNK signaling pathway. However, these trends were reversed after transfection with miR-205 mimic. P4HA3 is a target gene of miR-205.Conclusion: The miR-205/P4HA3 axis is implicated in atrial fibrosis by inhibition of rat fibroblast proliferation and migration and the inactivation of JNK signaling pathway.
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Death in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Lin Qian , Li Jingen , Wang Xinyi , Ju Jianqing , Xu Hao , Shi Dazhuo 
Published: April 2021

Background: Renal dysfunction is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF), but its impact on patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains unclear.Methods: 3,392 subjects of the TOPCAT (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist) trial were assigned to two groups by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or 30–59 ml/min/1.73 m2. The outcomes, including all-cause death, cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization, were examined by multivariable cox models.Results: Over a median follow-up of 3.4 ± 1.7 years, a total of 524 all-cause deaths, 334 cardiovascular deaths and 440 HF hospitalizations occurred. Compared with patients with eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, those with eGFR 30–59 ml/min/1.73 m2 were associated with an increased risk of the all-cause death [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.24–1.76; P &lt; 0.001], cardiovascular death (adjusted HR, 1.53; 95% CI: 1.23–1.91; p &lt; 0.001), and HF hospitalization (adjusted HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.00–1.47; p = 0.049) after multivariable adjustment for potential confounders.Conclusions: eGFR 30–59 ml/min/1.73 m2 was related to an increased risk of all-cause death, cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization in HFpEF patients.
Cytotoxic Effect of Progesterone, Tamoxifen and Their Combination in Experimental Cell Models of Human Adrenocortical Cancer
Authors: Rossini Elisa , Tamburello Mariangela , Abate Andrea , Beretta Silvia , Fragni Martina , Cominelli Manuela , Cosentini Deborah , Hantel Constanze , Bono Federica , Grisanti Salvatore , Poliani Pietro Luigi , Tiberio Guido A. M. , Memo Maurizio , Sigala Sandra , Berruti Alfredo 
Published: April 2021

Progesterone (Pg) and estrogen (E) receptors (PgRs and ERs) are expressed in normal and neoplastic adrenal cortex, but their role is not fully understood. In literature, Pg demonstrated cytotoxic activity on AdrenoCortical Carcinoma (ACC) cells, while tamoxifen is cytotoxic in NCI-H295R cells. Here, we demonstrated that in ACC cell models, ERs were expressed in NCI-H295R cells with a prevalence of ER-β over the ER-α.Metastasis-derived MUC-1 and ACC115m cells displayed a very weak ER-α/β signal, while PgR cells were expressed, although at low level. Accordingly, these latter were resistant to the SERM tamoxifen and scarcely sensitive to Pg, as we observed a lower potency compared to NCI-H295R cells in cytotoxicity (IC50: MUC-1 cells: 67.58 µM (95%CI: 63.22–73.04), ACC115m cells: 51.76 µM (95%CI: 46.45–57.67) and cell proliferation rate. Exposure of NCI-H295R cells to tamoxifen induced cytotoxicity (IC50: 5.43 µM (95%CI: 5.18–5.69 µM) mainly involving ER-β, as their nuclear localization increased after tamoxifen: Δ A.U. treated vs untreated: 12 h: +27.04% (p &lt; 0.01); 24 h: +36.46% (p &lt; 0.0001). This effect involved the SF-1 protein reduction: Pg: −36.34 ± 9.26%; tamoxifen: −46.25 ± 15.68% (p &lt; 0.01). Finally, in a cohort of 36 ACC samples, immunohistochemistry showed undetectable/low level of ERs, while PgR demonstrated a higher expression. In conclusion, ACC experimental cell models expressed PgR and low levels of ER in line with data obtained in patient tissues, thus limiting the possibility of a clinical approach targeting ER. Interestingly, Pg exerted cytotoxicity also in metastatic ACC cells, although with low potency.
Characteristics of Fundal Changes in Fundus Tessellation in Young Adults
Authors: Lyu Hanyi , Chen Qiuying , Hu Guangyi , Shi Ya , Ye Luyao , Yin Yao , Fan Ying , Zou Haidong , He Jiangnan , Zhu Jianfeng , Xu Xun 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To explore the characteristics and associated factors of fundus tessellation, especially the alternation of choroidal thickness among different degrees of tessellated fundus in young adults.Design: Cross-sectional, population-based study.Methods: A total of 796 students were included in the study and underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, including anterior segment examinations and swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements. The degree of tessellated fundus was assessed by fundus photographs applying an early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study grid to evaluate the location of fundus tessellation and then divided into five groups. The topographic variation and factors, tilted disc ratio, parapapillary atrophy (PPA), retinal thickness (ReT), choroidal thickness (ChT), and subfoveal scleral thickness (SST) related to tessellated fundus were analyzed.Results: Compared to normal fundus, tessellated fundus had a lower spherical equivalent (SE) (p &lt; 0.0001), worse best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA)(p = 0.043), longer axial length (AL) (p &lt; 0.0001), thinner retina (p &lt; 0.0001), thinner (p &lt; 0.0001) choroid, and thinner sclera in center fovea (p = 0.0035). Among all subfields of macular and peripapillary regions, center fovea and macula-papillary region showed the most significant decrease in choroidal thickness. The proportion of fundus tessellation significantly increased with lower body weight index (BMI) (p = 0.0067), longer AL (p &lt; 0.0001), larger PPA(p = 0.0058), thinner choroid (p &lt; 0.0001), and thinner sclera (p &lt; 0.0001).Conclusions: Eyes showed more severe myopic morphological alternation with the increasement of proportion of fundus tessellation to the center fovea, including a significant decrease in both choroid and scleral thickness. Choroidal thinning may progress most rapidly in the macula-papillary region as fundus tessellation approaches to the center fovea.
Development of TACE Refractoriness Scores in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Li , Yu Chen-Xi , Zhong Bin-Yan , Zhu Hai-Dong , Jin Zhi-Cheng , Zhu Guang-Yu , Zhang Qi , Ni Cai-Fang , Teng Gao-Jun 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To identify the independent risk factors for transarterial embolization (TACE) refractoriness and to develop a novel TACE refractoriness score and nomogram for predicting TACE refractoriness in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods: Between March 2006 and March 2016, HCC patients who underwent TACE monotherapy as initial treatment at two hospitals formed the study cohort and validation cohort. The criteria of TACE refractoriness followed the Japan Society of Hepatology 2014 version of TACE refractoriness. In the study cohort, the independent risk factors for TACE refractoriness were identified, and TACE refractoriness score and nomogram were then developed. The accuracy of the systems was validated externally in the validation cohort.Results: In total, 113 patients from hospital A formed the study cohort and 122 patients from hospital B formed the validation cohort. In the study cohort, 82.3% of the patients (n = 93) developed TACE refractoriness with a median overall survival (OS) of 540 days (95% CI, 400.8–679.1), and the remaining 20 patients in the TACE-non-refractory group had a median OS of 1,257 days (95% CI, 338.8–2,175.2) (p = 0.019). The median time for developing TACE refractoriness was 207 days (95% CI, 134.8–279.2), and a median number of two TACE procedures were performed after refractoriness developed. The independent risk factors for TACE refractoriness were the number of tumors and bilobular invasion of HCC. TACE refractoriness scores &lt;3.5 indicated a lower incidence of TACE refractoriness, whereas scores &gt;3.5 points indicated a higher incidence (p &lt; 0.001). In the validation cohort, 77.9% of the patients (n = 95) developed TACE refractoriness with a median OS of 568 days (95% CI, 416.3–719.7), and a median OS of 1,324 days was observed in the TACE-non-refractory group (n = 27; 95% CI, 183.5–2,464.5).Conclusions: TACE refractoriness impairs the OS of HCC patients. The number of tumors and bilobular invasion status were independent risk factors for TACE refractoriness. The TACE refractoriness score can be an effective tool and easy approach to predict the risk of TACE refractoriness status.
Which Way to Choose for the Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yang Xiangwei , Jiang Donggen , Li Yamei , Zhang Tianzhi , Xu Duanya , Chen Xianju , Pang Jun 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer among males in the world and the majority of patients will eventually progress to the metastatic phase. How to choose an effective way for the treatment of metastatic PCa, especially in the later stage of the disease is still confusing. Herein we reported the case of a patient diagnosed with metastatic PCa and conducted a literature review on this issue.Case PresentationA 57-year-old man with metastatic PCa had been managed by Dr. J.P. since April 2012 when the patient was admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University by aggravating frequent urination and dysuria. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration was 140 ng/ml, and the diagnosis of PCa was confirmed by prostate biopsy, with Gleason score 4 + 5 = 9. Chest CT and bone scan indicated multiple metastases in the lungs and bones. Triptorelin, bicalutamide, zoledronic acid, and docetaxel were then administered, six cycles later, the metastatic tumors in the lungs disappeared and those in the bones lessened significantly, along with a remarkable reduction in PSA level (&lt; 2 ng/ml). Intermittent androgen deprivation was subsequently conducted until August 2018, when the serum PSA level was found to be 250 ng/ml, again docetaxel 75 mg/m2 was administered immediately but the patient was intolerant this time. Instead, abiraterone was administered until March 2019 because of intolerable gastrointestinal side-effects and increasing PSA level. In October 2019, the patient came to our center, a modified approach of docetaxel (day 1 40 mg/m2 + day 8 35 mg/m2) was administered. Luckily, the PSA level decreased rapidly, the bone pain was greatly relieved, and no obvious side effects occurred. However, four cycles later, docetaxel failed to work anymore, the metastatic tumor in the liver progressed. We proposed several regimens as alternatives, but they were soon denied due to the high prices or unavailability or uncertain effect of the drugs. In addition, the patient’s condition deteriorated speedily and can no longer bear any aggressive treatment. Finally, the patient died of multiple organ failure in August 2020.ConclusionThe experiences of this case provide valuable evidence and reference for the treatment choices of metastatic PCa, in some circumstances modified and advanced regimens may produce unexpected effects.
Disease Status–Dependent Drug–Herb Interactions: NASH Lowered the Risk of Hepatotoxicity in Rats Coadministered With Simvastatin and Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis
Authors: Li Ziwei , Lyu Yuanfeng , Zhao Jiajia , Li Dan , Lin Zhixiu , To Kenneth Kin Wah , Yan Xiaoyu , Zuo Zhong 
Published: April 2021

Concurrent use of simvastatin (SV) and Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (GJ) was adopted in patients with multi-morbidity, such as stroke rehabilitation patients with NASH. Although hepatotoxicity has been reported in both of them and NASH could alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs/herbs, the interaction between SV and GJ and the related hepatotoxicity remained uninvestigated under neither healthy nor NASH condition. The current study aimed to evaluate the potential hepatotoxicity resulted from the interactions between SV and GJ in both healthy and NASH rats. Both healthy and NASH rats received two-week SV (p. o., 8.66 mg/kg, once daily) and/or GJ (p.o., 325 mg/kg, twice daily). Pharmacokinetic profiles of SV, simvastatin acid (SVA, active metabolite of SV), and geniposide (major component in GJ); hepatic Cyp2c11/Oatp1b2/P-gp expression; and biomarker levels of liver function, lipid levels, and liver histology were compared to demonstrate the interactions in rats. To explore the mechanism of the interaction-mediated hepatotoxicity, hepatic genipin-protein adduct content and iNOS/COX-1/COX-2 expressions from related groups were compared. Moreover, liver histology of healthy/NASH rats at 90 days after discontinuation of two-week GJ in the absence and presence of SV was evaluated to estimate the long-term impact of the interactions. GJ reduced the systemic exposures of SV and SVA by up-regulating the hepatic P-gp expression in healthy but not NASH rats. Meanwhile, SV increased the systemic exposure of geniposide via inhibiting the activity of P-gp in both healthy and NASH rats. Although neither SV nor GJ induced hepatotoxicity in healthy rats, their co-treatment elevated serum ALT and AST levels, which may attribute to the aggravated genipin-protein adduct formation, inflammation infiltration, and iNOS/COX-1 expressions in the liver. In NASH rats, SV and/or GJ reduced serum ALT, AST, LDL/vLDL, and TC levels via alleviating hepatic inflammation infiltration and iNOS/COX-1 expressions. Moreover, in comparison to NASH rats, more severe fibrosis was observed in the livers of healthy rats at 90 days after discontinuation of two-week SV and GJ coadministration. Although interactions between SV and GJ induced short-term and long-term liver injuries in healthy rats, NASH condition in rats could lower such risk.
Knockout of Formyl Peptide Receptor-1 Attenuates Cigarette Smoke–Induced Airway Inflammation in Mice
Authors: Gao Lijuan , Zeng Ni , Yuan Zhicheng , Wang Tao , Chen Lei , Yang Deqing , Xu Dan , Wan Chun , Wen Fuqiang , Shen Yongchun 
Published: April 2021

Objective: The formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR-1) has been reported to be implicated in the regulation of inflammatory disorders, while its role in cigarette smoke (CS)–induced airway inflammation has not been fully explained. In this study, we investigated the role of FPR-1 in CS-induced airway inflammation and the possible mechanism through gene knockout (KO) technology and transcriptional study.Methods: FPR-1 KO or wild-type C57BL/6 mice were exposed to mainstream CS to establish an airway inflammation model. Cell counts and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Lung tissues were collected for histological examination, polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, transcriptomic gene study, and related bioinformatics analysis.Results: CS exposure induced significant histological inflammatory changes, increased neutrophils, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the BALF of wild-type mice, which were all attenuated by KO of FPR-1. The transcriptomic gene study showed a total of 198 up-regulated genes and 282 down-regulated genes in mouse lungs. Bioinformatics analysis including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) suggested these differentiated expressed genes were significantly related to the immune, chemotaxis responses, and cross-talked with a complicated network of signaling pathways including NF-κB. Western blot validated that KO of FPR-1 inhibited CS-induced NF-κB activation.Conclusion: Knockout of FPR-1 significantly ameliorates CS-induced airway inflammation in mice, possibly via its related immune-chemotaxis responses and inhibition of NF-κB activation.