bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Lesion Subtypes Recognition of COVID-19 From Radiomics Data With Three Dimensional Texture Characterization in CT Images
Authors: Li Wei , Cao Yangyong , Yu Kun , Cai Yibo , Huang Feng , Yang Minglei , Xie Weidong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 disease is putting unprecedented pressure on the global healthcare system. The CT examination as a auxiliary confirmed diagnostic method can help clinicians quickly detect lesions locations of COVID-19 once screening by PCR test. Furthermore, the lesion subtypes classification plays a critical role in the consequent treatment decision. Identifying the subtypes of lesions accurately can help doctors discover changes in lesions in time and better assess the severity of COVID-19. Method: The most four typical lesion subtypes of COVID-19 are discussed in this paper, which are ground-glass opacity (GGO), cord, solid and subsolid. A computer aided diagnosis approach of lesion subtype is proposed in this paper. The radiomics data of lesions are segmented from COVID-19 patients CT images with diagnosis and lesions annotations by radiologists. Then the three dimensional texture descriptors are applied on the volume data of lesions as well as shape and First order features. The massive feature data are selected by hybrid adaptive selection algorithm and a classification model is trained at the same time. The classifier is used to predict lesion subtypes as side decision information for radiologists. Results: There are 3734 lesions extracted from the dataset with 319 patients collection and then 189 radiomics features are obtained finally. The random forest classifier is trained with data augmentation that the number of different subtypes of lesions is imbalanced in initial dataset. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the four subtypes of lesions is (0.9306, 0.9684, 0.9958, and 0.9430), the recall is (0.9552, 0.9158, 0.9580 and 0.8075) and the f-score is (0.93.84, 0.92.37, 0.95.47, and 84.42). Conclusion: The method is evaluated in multiple sufficient experiments. The results show that the 3D radiomics features chosen by hybrid adaptive selection algorithm can better express the advanced information of the lesion data. The classification model obtains a good performance and is compared the models of COVID-19 in the stat of art, which can help clinicians more accurately identify the subtypes of COVID-19 lesions and provide help for further research.
UCHL1 Promotes Chemoresistance to 5-Fluoruracil Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy and is a Prognostic Marker for Stage II Colon Cancer Patients
Authors: Ma Liyuan , Wu Chaowen , Ding Lu , Yu Dong , Shi Xinrong , Ning Jie , Wu Zehua , Jiang Tao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: 5-Fluoruracil based adjuvant chemotherapy after radical resection is recommended for stage II colon cancer patients with high risk of recurrence. Up to now, novel biomarkers still needed for better stratification for improving prognosis. Methods: Here we report that UCHL1 is an independent prognostic factor for stage II colon cancer patients and promotes chemoresistance both in vitro and in vivo. Results: Our study indicated that UCHL1 is significant up regulated in 96 pairs of stage II colon cancer patients who received postoperative 5-FU based chemotherapy. Stage II colon cancer patients with high UCHL1 expression showed high recurrence rate after chemotherapy. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that UCHL1 is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (P=0.008) and disease-free survival (P=0.001). 5-FU based chemoresistance is examined in colon cancer cell lines (RKO and LoVo) with down regulation of UCHL1 by cytotoxicity test. Down regulation of UCHL1 exhibited decreased cell viability, elevated cell apoptosis rate, increased G2/M-phase and elevated level of cleaved caspase 3 and PARP when treated with 5-FU. Furthermore, the results in xenograft model are consistent with results in vitro.Conclusions: UCHL1 potentially contributing to identify recurrence risk and predict the benefit for postoperative 5-FU based adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II colon cancer patients.
Ultrasound localization microscopy and functional ultrasound reveal atypical features of the live trigeminal ganglion
Authors: Goazigo Annabelle Réaux-Le , Beliard Benoit , Rahal Line , Claron Julien , Renaudin Noémi , Rivals Isabelle , Thibault Miguel , Nouhoum Mohamed , Deffieux Thomas , Tanter Mickael , PEZET Sophie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The functional imaging of the neurovascular coupling within the trigeminal ganglion (TG) is highly challenging due to its small size and its deep localization. This study combined a methodological framework able to dive into the rat trigeminal nociceptive system by jointly providing first imaging of the trigeminal ganglion blood vasculature at microscopic resolution and the measurement of its neurovascular coupling in the rat TG evoked by corneal stimulations, a robust and clinically-relevant model. Using functional ultrasound imaging (fUS), we were able to image and quantify a strong hemodynamic response in the ipsilateral TG from anesthetized rats, evoked by mechanical or chemical stimulations of corneal nociceptive fibers to intact cornea, even though TG involves less than 300 sensory neurons. The in vivo quantitative imaging of the TG’s vasculature using ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) combined with ex-vivo (DiI) staining reveals particular features of the vascularization of the area containing the sensory neurons, that is likely the origin of this strong vaso-trigeminal response and due to the nature of this structure at the interface between the peripheral and central nervous systems. This innovative imaging approach opens the path for future studies on the mechanisms underlying changes in trigeminal local blood flow and neurovascular coupling, key mechanisms and readouts for the understanding and treatment of debilitating trigeminal pain conditions.
Nkx3-1 and Fech Genes Might be Switch Genes Involved in Pituitary Non-Functioning Adenoma Invasiveness
Authors: Khayer Nasibeh , Jalessi Maryam , Jahanbakhshi Amin , khooei Alireza Tabib , Mirzaie Mehdi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are typical pituitary macroadenomas in adults that are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Although pituitary adenomas are commonly considered slow-growing benign brain tumors, numerous of them possess an invasive nature. Such tumors destroy sella turcica and invade the adjacent tissues such as the cavernous sinus and sphenoid sinus. The most critical obstacle for complete surgical removal in these cases is the high risk of damaging adjacent vital structures. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic strategies for either early diagnosis through biomarkers or medical therapies to reduce the recurrence rate of NFPAs is imperative. Identification of gene interactions has paved the way for decoding complex molecular mechanisms, including disease-related pathways, and identifying the most momentous genes involved in a specific disease. Currently, our knowledge of the invasion of the pituitary adenoma at the molecular level is not sufficient. The current study aimed to identify critical biomarkers and biological pathways associated with invasiveness in the NFPAs using a three-way interaction model for the first time. In the current study, the Liquid association method was applied to capture the statistically significant triplets that are involved in NFPAs invasiveness. Subsequently, Random Forest analysis was applied to select the most important switch genes. Finally, gene set enrichment (GSE) and gene regulatory network (GRN) analyses were applied to trace the biological relevance of the statistically significant triplets. The results of this study suggest that “mRNA processing” and “spindle organization” biological processes are important in NFAPs invasiveness. Specifically, our results suggest Nkx3-1 and Fech as two switch genes in NFAPs invasiveness that may be a potential biomarkers or target genes, in this pathology.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of some pyrazolone based Schiff base derivatives as enzymes inhibitors, antioxidant, and anticancer agents
Authors: ÇINAR Ercan , BAŞARAN Eyüp , ERDOĞAN Ömer , ÇAKMAK Reşit , BOĞA Mehmet , ÇEVİK Özge 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Drugs with sufficient efficacy for use in the therapy of Alzheimer and other diseases caused by oxidative stress have not yet been produced until today despite the great efforts. Therefore, many people all over the world are experiencing serious health problems due to these diseases nowadays. In the current study, a series of pyrazolone based Schiff base derivatives (2a-e) (except 2a) as target molecules were successfully synthesized for the first time, and then structurally illuminated by using FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Their inhibition activities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase enzymes were extensively tested, respectively. Furthermore, the synthesized molecules were also investigated for antioxidant and anticancer activities. The potential in vitro cytotoxic activities of the title molecules were examined on HeLa cancer and 3T3 mouse normal fibroblast cell lines using MTT assay. Our results showed that 1b (IC50: 9.497 mM) and 2a (IC50: 30.49 mM) significantly decreased the proliferation of HeLa cells. On the other hand, the apoptotic effect of 1b and 2a were investigated with acridine orange/propidium iodide double staining. The apoptotic cell ratios of the molecules treated with 1b and 2a were determined as 60 and 64%, respectively. While 2b was found to be a very active molecule in antioxidant activities assays in ABTS cation radical scavenging (IC50:17.95±0.47 mM) and CUPRAC (A0.5:48.73±0.52 mM) activities, 2c had a very active molecule in AChE, BChE and tyrosinase inhibitory activities with 82.79±1.03, 91.39±1.06 and 92.60±1.80 inhibition%, respectively. Also, the target molecules (2a-e) showed better antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities than those of ester derivatives (1a-e).
Histopathological Validation of the Safe Margin for Nephron – Sparing Surgery Based on Individual Tumor Growth Pattern
Authors: Li Gang , Yang Yuanyuan , Wang Keruo , Zhang Renya , Wang Aixiang , yan chengzhi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the clinicopathologic value of morphological growth patterns of small renal cell carcinoma (sRCC) and define the real demand to take a rim of healthy parenchyma to avoid positive SM.
Methods

Data was collected from 560 sRCC patients who underwent surgery from May 2010 to October 2017. 149 cases had nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) and others had radical nephrectomy (RN). All specimens were analyzed separately by two uropathologists and identified three morphological growth patterns. The presence of pseudocapsule (PC), surgical margins (SM) and other routinely variables were recorded. The relationship between growth patterns and included variables was measured by χ2 test and Fisher’s exact probability test. Survival outcomes were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test.
Results

Median age of patients was 63.2 years and mean tumor diameter was 3.0 cm. 480 (85.7%) patients were clear cell RCC and 541 (96.6%) cases were pT1a stage. Peritumoral PC was detected in 512 (92.5%) specimens and the ratio of tumor invasion in PC in infiltration pattern increased obviously than other growth patterns. Similarly, the pT stage was significantly correlated with infiltration pattern as well. 149 patients underwent NSS and 3 (2.0%) of them had positive SM after operation. Statistical differences of 5-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) existed among different morphological growth patterns, PC status and pT stages.
Conclusions

Morphological growth patterns of sRCC might be used as a potential biomarker to help operating NSS to avoid the risk of positive SM. How to distinguish different morphological growth patterns before operation and the effectiveness of growth pattern as a novel proposed parameter to direct NSS in sRCC patients deserves further exploration.
Tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome – Characteristics, complications, and a comparison between early and late tracheostomy: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Hansson Anna , Sunnergren Ola , Hammarskjöld Anneli , Alkemark Catarina , Taxbro Knut 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic spread worldwide in 2020, the number of patients requiring intensive care and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) has increased rapidly. Tracheostomy has several advantages over oral intubation in critically ill patients, including the facilitation of prolonged mechanical ventilation. However, the optimal timing of the procedure remains unclear. During the pandemic, early recommendations suggested that tracheostomy should be postponed, as the potential benefits were not certain to exceed the risk of viral transmission to healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome, in terms of patient and clinical characteristics, outcomes, and complications, by comparing between early and late tracheostomy. Methods A multicentre, retrospective observational study was conducted in Jönköping County, Sweden. Between 14 March 2020 and 13 March 2021, 117 patients were included in the study. All patients > 18 years of age with confirmed COVID-19 who underwent tracheostomy were divided into two groups based on the timing of the procedure (< / > 7 days). Outcomes including the time on IMV, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and mortality 30 days after ICU admission, as well as complications due to tracheostomy were compared between the groups. Results Early tracheostomy (< 7 days, n = 56) was associated with a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (7 [Inter Quartile Range, IQR 12], p = 0.001) as well as a shorter ICU stay (8 [IQR 14], p = 0.001). The mortality rates were equal between the groups. The most frequent complication of tracheostomy was minor bleeding. With the exception of a higher rate of obesity in the group receiving late tracheostomy, the patient characteristics were similar between the groups. Conclusions This study showed that early tracheostomy was safe and associated with a shorter time on IMV as well as a shorter ICU length of stay, implicating possible clinical benefits in critically ill COVID-19 patients. However, it is necessary to verify these findings in a randomised controlled trial.Trial Registration: Not required
Postpartum depression and physical activity amongst women attending immunization and postnatal clinic in a tertiary hospital in Ibadan
Authors: Nwosu Netochi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Depressive disorders are listed as one important public health issue among women of reproductive age. Postpartum depression is a mental health disorder occurring after childbirth and has disabling effect on mother and child. Amongst other alternative treatment methods, physical activity has been proposed as beneficial especially for mild postpartum depression. Therefore, this study sought to determine the prevalence of postpartum depression, and the association between postpartum depression and physical activity among women in a tertiary hospital in Ibadan.
Methods
The cross-sectional study was conducted among 401 women attending immunisation and postnatal clinics at the University College Hospital Ibadan. The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire containing; a self-developed socio-demographic section, Edinburgh postnatal depression scale to measure postpartum depression and International physical activity questionnaire (short type) to assess physical activity. Analysis was done using chi square and a multivariate analysis to determine independent factors. Significance was set at 0.05.
Results
More than a third of the respondents (37.8%) had postpartum depression. Physical activity level was high (72.1%). High levels of physical activity had 1.25 the odds of postpartum depression as compared to lower levels (95% CI = 0.797–0.97). Gender of child, relationship satisfaction, age of child, were independently associated with postpartum depression.
Conclusion
This study shows that prevalence of postpartum depression is greater than previously reported in past studies in southwest Nigeria and high levels of physical activity may increase the risk of postpartum depression.
Dynamics and predicted distribution of an irrupting ‘sleeper’ population: fallow deer in Tasmania
Authors: Cunningham Calum , Perry George L W , Bowman David , Forsyth David M , Driessen Michael M , Appleby Matt , Brook Barry W , Hocking Greg , Buettel Jessie C , French Ben J , Hamer Rowena , Bryant Sally , Taylor Matt , Gardiner Riana , Proft Kirstin , Scoleri Vincent P , Chiu-Werner Antje , Travers Toby , Thompson Liam , Guy Tom , Johnson Christopher N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sleeper populations of non-native species can remain at low abundance for decades before irrupting. For over a century, fallow deer ( Dama dama ) in the island state of Tasmania, Australia, remained at low abundance and close to the region in which they were released. Recently, there are indications the population has increased in abundance and distribution. Here, we spatially quantify the population change using a time series of annual spotlight counts from 1985 to 2019 (total of 5,761 counts). Next, we predict the potential for further range expansion, using global occurrences to characterise the species’ climatic niche, and remote-camera surveys (n = 3,225) to model fine-grained habitat suitability. Spotlight counts of fallow deer increased by 11.5% annually, resulting in a 40-fold increase from 1985 to 2019. The core distribution increased 2.9-fold during this 35-year period, and now spans c. 27% of Tasmania’s land area. Satellite populations have established in locations where farmed deer have escaped or been released, suggesting that humans have facilitated some of the range expansion via new introduction events. Based on climate and habitat suitability, our models predict that 56% of Tasmania is suitable under the current climate. This suggests range expansion is likely to continue unless the population is actively managed, which could include the eradication of satellite populations and containment of core populations. This case study cautions that despite over a century of slow population growth, sleeper populations of non-native species can abruptly increase.
Double Slit to Cross Double Slit to Comprehensive Double Slit Experiments
Authors: Peng Hui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Young’s double slit experiments, which represent the mystery of quantum mechanics, have been interpreted by quantum probability waves and de Broglie-Bohm’s trajectory/pilot waves. To study in detail, the double slit experiments are extended to the cross double slit experiments. We argue that an interpretation must be able to explain all of the double slit and cross double slit experiments consistently. To test the interpretations, the comprehensive double slit experiments have been performed, which challenge both the wave interpretation and the trajectory interpretation. The cross double slit experiments and comprehensive double slit experiments provide a new tool for studying the mystery of double slit, wave-particle duality, complementarity principle, wave theory and trajectory theory. In this article, we review the cross double slit experiments and comprehensive double slit experiments, and report new experiments.
Shamanisme dan Kesurupan: Teologi Demonik—Eksplorasi Demonologi Sosial dengan Demonologi Spiritis dalam Perspektif Non-Barat dan Implikasi Pastoral Lintas Budaya dan Agama
Authors: Banoet Fiktor Jekson 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As a social and cultural phenomenon, shamanism and possession are often mistakenly understood. The point of view at issue in these two forms of demonology is how we monitor the beginning of its proposition, not just the preposition that departs from the practice of pastoral, but its context-based epistemology. This is due to the difference in the peculiarities of the counseling model in the West and the East, especially Asia. Second, from theological heritage, we rarely understand both phenomena from demonology theology. Third, this paper aims to clarify the pathology of understanding of shamanism and bleakness that is always chaotic, namely sharpening the diff erence between spiritist and social demonology, by using the cross-cultural dan religion-based pastoral.

Abstrak
Sebagai fenomena sosial dan kultural, shamanisme dan kesurupan sering dipahami secara keliru. Titik pandang yang menjadi persoalan pada dua bentuk demonologis tersebut ialah bagaimana kita memantau awal preposisinya, bukan hanya sekadar preposisi yang bertolak dari praktek pastoralia, tetapi dari epistemologinya yang berbasis konteks. Hal ini disebabkan ada perbedaan kekhasan model konseling di Barat dan di Timur, khususnya Asia. Kedua, dari sudut warisan teologi, kita jarang memahami kedua fenomena tersebut dari titik pandang teologi demonology. Ketiga, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memperjelas patologi pemahaman atas shamanisme dan kesurupan yang selalu kaotik, yaitu menajamkan perbedaan antara demonologi spiritis dan sosial, dengan menggunakan bingai pastoral lintas budaya dan agama.
Barriers to Dissemination of Local Health Data Faced by US State Agencies: Survey Study of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Coordinators
Authors: Ahuja Manik , Aseltine Jr Robert 
Published: May 2021

Background
Advances in information technology have paved the way to facilitate accessibility to population-level health data through web-based data query systems (WDQSs). Despite these advances in technology, US state agencies face many challenges related to the dissemination of their local health data. It is essential for the public to have access to high-quality data that are easy to interpret, reliable, and trusted. These challenges have been at the forefront throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to identify the most significant challenges faced by state agencies, from the perspective of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) coordinator from each state, and to assess if the coordinators from states with a WDQS perceive these challenges differently.

Methods
We surveyed BRFSS coordinators (N=43) across all 50 US states and the District of Columbia. We surveyed the participants about contextual factors and asked them to rate system aspects and challenges they faced with their health data system on a Likert scale. We used two-sample t tests to compare the means of the ratings by participants from states with and without a WDQS.

Results
Overall, 41/43 states (95%) make health data available over the internet, while 65% (28/43) employ a WDQS. States with a WDQS reported greater challenges (P=.01) related to the cost of hardware and software (mean score 3.44/4, 95% CI 3.09-3.78) than states without a WDQS (mean score 2.63/4, 95% CI 2.25-3.00). The system aspect of standardization of vocabulary scored more favorably (P=.01) in states with a WDQS (mean score 3.32/5, 95% CI 2.94-3.69) than in states without a WDQS (mean score 2.85/5, 95% CI 2.47-3.22).

Conclusions
Securing of adequate resources and commitment to standardization are vital in the dissemination of local-level health data. Factors such as receiving data in a timely manner, privacy, and political opposition are less significant barriers than anticipated.