bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Population Based Study of Ocular Biometric Parameters in Colombia
Authors: Palencia Diana Cristina , Mora Martha Lucia Silva , Salazar Melissa Julieth Ojeda 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The anthropomorphic parameters have influence on ocular biometric dimensions, so the characterization in a particular population is recommended. Parameters like axial length are important in the following of myopia and to predict the power of intraocular lens in cataract surgery. Purpose: Describe ocular biometric parameters in the Colombian population: refractive condition, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and keratometry.Methodology: A Cross-sectional study of 3,334 people who living in urban and rural areas of nine departments in Colombia. Ages ranged from 8 to 56. In the selection process, probabilistic cluster sampling was used and to verify the selection criteria, participants were evaluated by general medicine and by optometry. Univariate and bivariate statistical analysis was carried out considering both the nature and the distribution of the variables. Results: The 63.53% were women, and 54.32% resided in urban areas. The average age was 27.59 (CI 95% to 95% 27.01 -28.17). Men reported a lower average age (24.43 years). Astigmatism and hyperopia were found to be more frequent in the refractive condition. When comparing AL by sex, slight differences are found and are statistically significant (P Value 0.00). A similar situation is evidenced in ACD (P Value 0.00). Conclusions: It was revealed that there is a relationship between axial length and sex, area of ​​residence, refractive condition, depth of the anterior chamber and corneal curvature. Likewise, it was found that the axial length and depth of the anterior chamber is greater in men than in women.
Protective Effect of L-carnitine on the Oxidative Stress Injury of Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells
Authors: Li Xuening , Wu Xiaodong , Zhang Yuemin , Ma Tianyi , Sun Pingping , Qi Dandan , Ma Huagang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The protective effect of L-carnitine (LC) on the oxidative stress (OS) injury and the effect of L-carnitine on follicular stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) were investigated. OS was induced by treatment with H2O2. We cultured KGN cells in four groups: the blank group, OS group and two L-carnitine pretreatment group (low, high). In the OS group, cell nuclear pyknosis was observed, mitochondria swelled irregularly and their cristae were fractured. Meanwhile, the cell viability, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) contents, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and the level of FSHR expression were significantly decreased in the OS group. However, malonaldehyde (MDA) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and apoptosis rate were significantly increased. Compared with the OS group, the morphology of cells and mitochondria in the L-carnitine pretreatment group were improved, the cell viability and the expression of FSHR was significantly increased, and the OS level was decreased. These results indicated that L-carnitine can protect the cells from OS damage induced by H2O2, enhance the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic ability of GCs, and alleviate the decrease of FSHR expression on GCs caused by OS. Therefore, L-carnitine may help prevent the ovarian aging and improve the quality of follicles.
PTEN Hypomethylation Could Be A Biomarker For Early Detection of Silicosis
Authors: Hu Weijiang , Zhang Jingbo , Liu Kai , Liu Jie , Zheng Yuxin , Sun Xin , Mei Liangying , Qian Zushu , Sun Qiangguo , Liu Qiang , Wu Zhijun , Zhang Hengdong , Li Yanping , Sun Daoyuan , Ye Meng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The overwhelming majority of subjects in current silicosis mRNA and miRNA expression profile are of human blood, lung cell, or rats model, which put limit on understanding of silicosis pathogenesis and therapy. It is essential to identify differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs profiles in silicosis patients lung tissues, and explore potential biomarker for early detection of silicosis. So we conducted a transcriptome study based on fifteen silicosis patients and eight normal people lung tissues, meanwhile, we validated the predictions with 404 silicosis patients and 177 normal people blood samples. The results showed that 1417 and 241 differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were identified, respectively, among normal people, early stage silicosis, and advanced silicosis lung tissues (all P values < 0.05), whereas there were no significant difference in most mRNAs or miRNAs expression between early stage and advanced stage silicosis lung tissues. Enrichment analysis indicated phagosome, ribosome, olfactory transduction, antigen processing and presentation and PI3K-Akt pathways were mainly involved in the onset of silicosis. Series test of cluster (STC) analysis segregated differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs into five and three expressopm profiles patterns, repectively, with significant trends (P < 0.05), meanwhile, ten mRNAs (PIK3R3, KRAS, CTNNB1, HIF1A, ITGA2, KIT, SOCS3, GNAI3, STAT3 and PTEN) and nine miRNAs (hsa-miR-27a-3p, hsa-miR-27b-3p, hsa-miR-34b-3p, hsa-miR-3613-3p, hsa-miR-575, hsa-miR-8063, hsa-miR-937-5p, hsa-miR-181a-5p and hsa-miR-181b-5p) in patterns with opposite trends were selected to make further RT-qPCR validation in lung tissues and blood samples. Finally, the lung tissues RT-qPCR results verified microarray analyses of mRNAs and miRNAs expression trends, except for hsa-miR-575, hsa-miR-8063, and hsa-miR-937-5p, whereas blood samples RT-qPCR results PTEN and GNAI3 had opposite expression trends to those of lung tissues, and PTEN was identified as potential biomarker for silicosis early detection due to low methylation in the blood.
An Approach To Cultural Competency Education in The Cuban Pharmacy Currriculum
Authors: Sánchez Alina de las Mercedes Martínez , Salmon Jack Warrent 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this monograph was advocate for a holistic, programmatic approach to integrating cultural competence education as a call to action for a new Cuban pharmacy curricular development.
Methods
A general search was conducted using terms specific to Cuban health care, culture, and education, combined with terms linked to cultural competence, global health, and pharmacy education. Additionally, relevant statements by the Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization were searched.
Results
Cuba is a culturally rich country with complex and diverse perspectives on health. Cuban culture is the result of extremely broad and tedious transculturation processes; at the same time, health and education in Cuba are additionally entwined politically, a condition not always statistically available to be studied, nor scientifically referenced to be verified. Therefore, it is not possible to exhaust the subject in a single inquiry.
Conclusions
It is hoped that this paper will also set the foundation for additional scholarly work with recommendations regarding a clearer programmatic approach to help in the establishment of partnerships between Cuba faculties of pharmacy with other countries in a global pharmacy education framework.
Management of Ruptured Arteriovenous Malformation During Pregnancy- Case Report.
Authors: Socha Maciej W. , Grześk Magdalena , Kaczyński Szymon , Bernard Piotr 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Over the years care of pregnant woman has improved all over the world. However, still a significant percentage of the causes of pregnant mortality are subarachnoid haemorrhages due to rupture of arteriovenous malformation (AVM). According to available data, the percentage is as high as 5-12%. Neurosurgical operations in pregnant women require the cooperation of doctors of many specializations and are associated with close supervision of the patient due to the increased risk of complications. There are no guidelines regarding brain hemorrhages in pregnancy. This is the reason why case reports in this field are valuable as source of medical knowledge.Case presentation: A 28-year-old patient was admitted in a severe condition, GCS: 3, to the ICU due to massive intracerebral bleeding with a puncture into the ventricular system from the AVM in left frontal lobe. The family informed about the possibility of patient’s pregnancy, TVUS was performed and the sixth week fetus was visualized in the uterus. After gynaecological and neurosurgical consultation the successful surgery was made.The patient was hospitalized for 5 months at the ICU. The stay was complicated by pneumonia and an urinary tract infection that were successfully cured. The patient was under supervision of gynaecologists, the pregnancy was developing properly, tests were carried out as recommended. The patient underwent psychotherapy, rehabilitation and music therapy.At 35th week of gestation elective caesarean section was performed. A female infant of 2400 g was born, on the Apgar scale in 1st, 3rd, 5th minutes, 6,10,10 points respectively. Labour was complicated by mothers seizures and respiratory distress. After three days the patient's condition improved. Currently patient is rehabilitated as an outpatient.Conclusions: The above case emphasizes the need for cooperation between many specialties, physiotherapists and midwives, which enabled effective therapy of a pregnant woman and saving her life in such a critical situation. In addition interdisciplinary treatment ended positively for both mother and child.
The predictors of COVID-19 mortality among health systems and Global Health Security parameters: An ecological study across 203 countries.
Authors: Neogi Sutapa , Pandey Shivam , GS Preetha , Swain Sumant 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Health systems responsiveness is the key to addressing infectious disease threats such as pandemics. The paper outlines an assessment of health systems resilience by exploring the association of health systems and Global Health Security (GHS) parameters with case load and mortality resulting from COVID-19 across 203 countries using an ecological design. Methodology: Correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship of each of the indicators with COVID 19 cases and deaths per million population. Stepwise multiple regression models were developed to determine the predictors of COVID-19 cumulative cases and deaths per million population separately. Results: Global health security indicators seemed to have a strong association when analyzed individually but those did not necessarily translate into less burden of cases or deaths in the multivariable analysis. The predictors of cumulative deaths per million population included general government expenditure on health as a proportion of general government expenditure, responsiveness of the system to prevent the emergence and release of pathogens and governance related voice and accountability. Conclusion: To conclude, health financing parameters and preventive activities with regard to emergence of pathogens were better predictors of cumulative COVID-19 cases and deaths per million population compared to other health systems and global health security indicators.
Microbiome-Metabolome Analyze The Immune Microenvironment of Cecal Contents, Soft and Hard Feces of Hyplus Rabbits
Authors: Li Zhichao , He Hui , Ni Mengke , Wang Zhouyan , Guo Chaohui , Niu Yufang , Xing Shanshan , Song Mingkun , Wang Yaling , Jiang Yixuan , Yu Lei , Xu Huifen , Li Ming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Intestinal microbiota and its metabolites play a vital role in host growth, development and immune regulation. Methods: This study analyzed the microbial community distribution, cytokines and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content of cecal contents (Con) group, soft feces (SF) group and hard feces (HF) group of 140-day-old Hyplus rabbits, and verified the effect of soft feces on cecal immune microenvironment by fasting soft feces.Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in the levels of phylum and genus composition, cytokines and SCFAs among Con group, SF group and HF group. In addition, metabolic pathway enrichment analysis found that there were two significantly up-regulated differential metabolic pathways in SF group and HF group compared with con group, P125-PWY, namely the super pathway of (R, R) - butanediol biosynthesis and P341-PWY, namely the glycolysis V pathway. At the same time, Christensenellaceae_R-7_Group and Lachnoclostridium are significantly enriched in the above two pathways. The correlation analysis of cytokines and SCFAs with differential microbial communities showed that Muribaculaceae and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group and Christensenellaceae_R-7_Group are closely related to cytokines and SCFAs. After fasting soft feces (CP), the contents of SCFAs and cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) in cecum decreased significantly, while cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1β) increased significantly. The results of multiple immunofluorescence showed that the expression of claudin-1, occludin and ZO-1 related to intestinal immune barrier increased significantly in CP Group. Conclusions: In conclusion, soft feces are not only rich in probiotics and SCFAs, but also play a very important role in improving the immune microenvironment of cecum. This study may provide a valuable reference for the treatment of inflammatory intestinal diseases.
Quality of services offered to women with female genital Mutilation across health facilities in a Kenyan County
Authors: Kimani Samuel , Okondo Chantalle , Muteshi Jacinta , Guyo Jaldesa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a challenge to women’s health, human rights and development. Health as a critical pillar for social justice is key in addressing FGM while executing its core mandate of disease prevention and management. By leveraging opportune moments, events and experiences involving client-provider interactions, relevant FGM-related communications, behavior change and management interventions can be implemented at health facility or community level. It is unclear whether health system is maximizing this strategic position to address FGM in Kenya.
Objective

Determine the quality of services offered to women with FGM across health facilities in West Pokot county.
Methods

A mixed quantitative data collection strategies were used. These included: client-provider interactions observations (61) with health care workers (HCWs) and women with FGM seeking services on content and quality of FGM-related care; client-exit interviews (360) with women with FGM seeking services to determine content and services received during consultation with HCWs; and service data abstractions (10) from facility records on services sought/offered.
Results

A large (76%) proportion of women visiting health facilities experienced FGM at 11-15 years, were married aged 15-19 years (39%), had primary (47.5%) or no education (33%) and income of ˂30 USD/month (43%). Only 14.8% HCWs identified FGM and its related complications (11.5%) during consultations. Few FGM-related prevention interventions were implemented but IEC materials (4.9%) for reinforcing preventive messages were lacking. Adequate (88.5%) infrastructure supporting reproductive health services albeit limited human resources (14.8%) and capacity (42.6%) for FGM prevention and management existed; few health facilities and workers explained the negative consequences of FGM (16%) and need to stop it (15.3%); and data on clients who sought ANC, PNC and FP services were available but no information on women with FGM or those with FGM complications.
Conclusion

Health systems in high prevalent settings are actively interfacing with women with FGM, despite the primary reason for seeking services not being FGM. Despite high number of women with FGM, diagnosis, prevention and care services, documentation of FGM and its related complications are suboptimal. This underscores the need for health system strengthening in response to FGM with consideration on development of training kits for HCWs, training of HCWs, anchoring of FGM indicators in the HMIS, documentation and IEC material to support FGM prevention at service delivery points, and overall integration of FGM into ongoing health programs.
Deubiquitinase OTUD5 Modulates mTOR Signaling Pathways to Promote Bladder Cancer Progression
Authors: Hou Tao , Dan Weichao , Liu Tianjie , Liu Bo , Wei Yi , Yue Chenyang , Que Taotao , Lei Yuzeshi , Wang Zixi , Zeng Jin , Fan Yizeng , Li Lei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway serves as a crucial regulator of various biological processes such as cell growth and cancer progression. In bladder cancer, recent discoveries showing the cancer-promoting role of mTOR complex 1 have attracted wide attention. However, the regulation of mTOR signaling in bladder cancer is complicated and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that the deubiquitinating enzyme, ovarian tumor domain-containing protein 5 (OTUD5), can activate the mTOR signaling pathway, promote cancer progression, and show its oncogenic potential in bladder cancer.MethodsThe expression of OTUD5 in bladder cancer was analyzed using bladder cancer tissue microarrays and Western blotting analysis. Meanwhile, to demonstrate the role of OTUD5-RNF186-Sestrin2-mTOR axis in bladder cancer, we have adopted a series of biochemical and molecular biological methods to verify in vivo and in vitro. The methods used included quantitative real time PCR assay; western blot assay; Immunofluorescence staining assay; MTT assay; colony formation assay; Co-immunoprecipitation assay; In vivo ubiquitination assay; Immunohistochemical assay and Bladder Cancer xenograft animal model.ResultsIn our study, we found that OTUD5 deubiquitinated a RING-type E3 ligase, RNF186, and stabilized its function. In addition, the stabilization of RNF186 further led to the degradation of Sestrin2, which is an inhibitor of mTOR signaling pathway. ConclusionTogether, we first proved that OTUD5 can promote bladder cancer progression through the OTUD5-RNF186-Sestrin2-mTOR axis and provided novel insights into the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.
Hematologic Neoplasms As Risk Factor For Severe COVID-19: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Hokama Paula de Oliveira Montandon , Hokama Newton Key , Mendes Adriana Lúcia , Nunes-Nogueira Vania dos Santos 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Patients with hematologic neoplasm may have compromised immunity due to their malignancy and/or treatment, and may be at elevated risk of severe COVID-19. However, the studies bring together patients with hematologic neoplasms and solid tumors into a single group, making no distinction about the types of hematological tumors and their treatments. This systematic review is designed to explore the risk of severe COVID-19 in patients with hematologic neoplasm. Studies about patients, adult or children, with hematologic neoplasm and COVID-19 will be included. Methods: A systematic review according to Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for systematic reviews of etiology and risk will be performed. The review will consider as participants adults or children with COVID-19 infection detected by RT-PCR or serology (SARS-CoV-2 antibody). We will be included studies without routine labs confirmation of COVID-19 if the patients presented clinical/physical exam and computed tomography suggesting COVID-19. The exposure of interest will be hematologic neoplasm, which include lymphomas, acute and chronic leukemias, myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome, and myeloproliferative diseases. We will consider cohort, case-control, analytical cross-sectional studies. Outcomes among patients with COVID-19 are critical symptoms, hospitalizations, intensive care unit admissions, mechanical ventilation and deaths. We will exclude studies with other neoplasms than hematologic neoplasms. Search strategies have been created for the Embase, Medline and LILACS. Two reviewers independently will assess the studies for their eligibility, will extract data and will evaluate their risk of bias. Similar outcomes measured in at least two studies will be plotted in the meta-analysis using the Joanna Briggs Institute System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information. Discussion: This systematic review aims to evaluate if patients with hematologic neoplasm may be at elevated risk of severe COVID-19. This review will differ from the previous ones because we will include controlled studies and groups with only hematologic neoplasm, excluding other cancers. The main hypothesis of our research is that not all hematological cancer patients have high risk of severe COVID-19. Trial registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020199318.
Collaborative Research Protocol to Define Patient-Reported Experience Measures of the Cystic Fibrosis Care Pathway in France: The ExPaParM Study
Authors: Pougheon Dominique , FANCHINI Agathe , LOMBRAIL Pierre , RAULT Gilles , CHANSARD Audrey , BRETON Nicolas LE , Frenod Cecile , MILON Fanny , Heymes-Royer Christine , Segretain David , Silber Marion , Therouanne Sophie , Haesebaert Julie , Llerena Cathy , MICHEL Philippe , Reynaud Quitterie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction In France, the cystic fibrosis (CF) care pathway is coordinated by multidisciplinary teams from specialised CF centres or transplant centres. It includes the care provided at home or out of hospital, risk prevention in daily life and adjustments to social life, which together contribute to the person’s quality of life. Patient experience is used to describe and evaluate the care and life of patients living with the disease. Objectives Our collaborative research aims to identify the most significant areas and criteria that characterise the CF pathway. It will lead to the development of a questionnaire to collect patients' experience, which can be administered to all patients or parents of children registered and followed in the centres. The article describes the protocol developed in partnership with patients and parents of children living with the disease. Method A multidisciplinary research group brings together researchers, patients, parents of children with CF and health care professionals. The patient partnership is involved in the 4 phases of the protocol: 1) setting up the study, recruiting patient and parent co-researchers, training them in qualitative research methods, defining the situations and profiles of patients in the study population, elaborating the protocol; 2) selecting the study sites, recruiting participants, carrying out semi-structured interviews, analysing verbatims using the grounded theory approach; 3) co-elaborating Patient-Reported Experience Measures (PREM) questionnaires adapted to the 4 types of participants: parents, adolescents, non-transplanted adults and transplanted adults; 4) validating the construct with participants and professionals from the study centres. Results The protocol obtained a favourable opinion from the Ethics Evaluation Committee of INSERM (IRB00003888 - no. 20-700). Training was provided to the 5 patients and 2 parent co-researchers to enable them to participate effectively in the research. Eleven centres participated in the recruitment of participants in mainland France and Reunion Island. Eighty hours of interviews were conducted. Discussion The PREM questionnaires will have to undergo psychometric validation before being used by the actors of the CF network to assess the impact on the care pathways of quality approaches or new therapies available in cystic fibrosis.