bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reactive Powder Concrete Beam's Behavior in Flexural : Review
Authors: Mahmoud Hama Sheelan , Dhifaf Natiq Hamdullah  , Shaho Mahmoud Hama  
Published: December 2021

Reactive Powder Concrete can be considered as a special type of concrete in which the coarse aggregate will be eliminated to get a homogenous microstructure with a maximum density for final result. Many researchers presented a state of the art review on reactive powder's production, mechanical properties, durability, development and applications. But the review about structural behavior is hardly to found. Because of importance of this type of concrete and its structural applications. This paper focused on review the researchers that deals with structural behavior of reactive powder concrete beams under bending load. Also review the proposed design equations related with reactive concrete behavior. Before starting a review of strength , stress-strain relation and ductility are presented because of their importance and effect on structure behavior of beams under bending. According to review of previous studies the type of fibers and its content as volumetric ratio, type of pozalanic materials and its content , amount of longitudinal steel reinforcement are main factors that affected the flexural behavior of reinforced Reactive Powder Concrete
Application of q-Mittag-Leffer Function on Certain Subclasses of Analytic Functions
Authors: Jumaa Abdulrahman Salman , Al-Fayyad Ali Hassan , Kassar Osama Nazim 
Published: December 2021

The main objective of this paper is to introduce and study the generality differential operator involving the q-Mittag-Leffler function on certain subclasses of analytic functions. Also, we investigate the inclusion properties of these classes, by using the concept of subordination between analytic functions.
PERBEDAAN PH SALIVA ANTARA BERKUMUR DAN TANPA BERKUMUR AIR PUTIH SETELAH MENGUNYAH MAKANAN BERKARBOHIDRAT SEDERHANA
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Hidayati Hidayati , Afriwardi Afriwardi 
Published: December 2021

The Difference Of Salivary pH Between Rinsing and without Rinsing with Drinking Water After Chewing Simple Carbohydrate. Salivary pH is one of indicator in oral health. One factor that influences salivary pH is diet. Diet simple carbohydrates decrease salivary pH. Rinsing with drinking water suspected that can increase salivary pH. to know how the difference of salivary pH between rinsing and without rinsing with drinking water after chewing simple carbohydrates. Quasi experimental used with pre test and post test design on 40 students as samples. The measurement of salivary pH was done by digital pH meter “Pen Type pH tester”. The test which was used was paired T-test. The result Showed that Salivary pH the rinsing group after chewing was 6.96 ± 0.52 and 7.02 ±0,50 without rinsing. Salivary pH after rinsing minutes to 5 was 6.94 ± 0.52 and 6.79 ±0.52 without rinse. The pH of saliva rinsing the 20th minute was 7.12 ± 0.49 and 6.89 ± 0.50 without rinsing. The results of Paired t-test showed the significant difference from the salivary pH to 5th minute after rinsing and without rinsing with chewing simple carbohydrate foods with p <0.05 (p = 0.009) but, there was no significant difference of salivary pH in the 20th minute and 5 minutes after rinsing and without rinsing with p> 0.05 (p = 0.140). rinsing by using drinking water can increase the salivary pH after chewing simple carbohydrate foods.
Keywords: Rinsing drinking water, Simple Carbohydrates, Salivary pH
Leeway Space Mandibula pada Siswa Suku Minang di Sekolah Dasar Lubuk Sikaping, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Shafira Ayu , Bachtiar Hafni , K Didin 
Published: December 2021

The prediction of permanent size of theet which haven’t errupted to determine the value of place needed, availability of space and predict the storage of space. Is one of important aspect in diagnosis and treatment planning on the period of mixed dentition. Prediction method that used commonly is Moyers method which the data is taken from Kaukasoid ras. The objective of the research is to see the difference of leeway space of mandibula on Minang man and woman students of elemantary school Lubuk Sikaping. The method of this research is cross sectional comprative study. 56 samples of mandibula study are taken from the student of SDN 06 Pauh, SDN 09 Pauh, and SDN 10 Pauh Lubuk Sikaping at the age of 8 to 10 years and they are Minangnese. The results are analyzed statistically by t-test on significant degree 95%. This research indicates that the large average of man mandibula leeway space on the left (1,76 mm) and on the right (1,85 mm). And the average of leeway space of woman mandibula leeway space on the left (2,03 mm) and on the right (2,16 mm). The analyze t-test result on the significant degree 95% show there is no significant difference (p>0,05) between man and woman students. Therefore, it can be concluded that the large average of leeway space of man and woman mandibula in Minang students of elementary school Lubuk Sikaping showed no significant difference in size.
Pengaruh Menyikat Gigi dengan Siwak (Salvadora Persica) Terhadap pH Saliva
Authors: Juliarni Yossy , Gunawan Gunawan 
Published: December 2021

Background: Salivary pH is one of factor which involved in caries development. Decreasing of salivary pH will cause enamel demineralization. Miswak (Salvadora persica) as a toothbrush because it has mechanical and chemical effects such as essential oil and bicarbonate which can stimulate salivary secretion. Thus, it will increase the buffer capacity and salivary pH lead to enamel remineralization. Objective: This study aimed to know the effect of toothbrushing with miswak (Salvadora persica) on salivary pH. Methods: The clinical experiment study with pre-test and post-test control group design. The sample of this study is the students of Faculty of Dentistry, Andalas University, Padang. There are 34 students that divided into two groups randomly that is case and control group. Case group used miswak while control group used conventional toothbrush, respectively brushing horizontally for 2 minutes. Salivary pH was measured using digital pH meter in scale of 0.0 to 14.0 with 0.1 sensitivity from pen type pH meter. The data analyzed by Shapiro-Wilk test continued by paired t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: paired t-test produced significant value p=0,001 in case group and p=0,000 in control group. Mann-Whitney test produced significant value p=0.317. There was no significant difference in statistic among these groups. Conclusion: Toothbrushing with miswak has effect on salivary pH. Miswak as effective as toothbrush on salivary pH. Keywords:Toothbrushing, miswak (Salvadora persica), Salivar
Profil Penyimpanan Obat pada Puskesmas di Kota Padang Sumatera Barat
Authors: Nasif Hansen , Sari Yelly Oktavia , Rahmadriza Zikra 
Published: December 2021

Penyimpanan obat menjadi faktor penting dalam pengelolaan obat di Puskesmas, karena dengan penyimpanan yang benar akan lebih mudah dan efektif untuk menjamin kualitas dan mutu obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran secara sistematis dan akurat mengenai penyimpanan obat di Puskesmas kota Padang Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 11 puskesmas di 11 Kecamatan di Kota Padang. Pengambilan data melalui daftar tilik tentang aspek penyimpanan obat di puskesmas yang meliputi persyaratan gudang penyimpanan obat dengan 11 aspek yang dinilai, pengaturan penyimpanan obat dengan 7 aspek yang dinilai dan tata cara penyusunan obat dengan 8 aspek yang dinilai. Masih terdapat beberapa masalah yang ditemui di lapangan seperti, ruang gudang penyimpanan obat yang belum sesuai standar, dan penempatan obat di gudang langsung di lantai saja dan tidak diatas pallet. Namun secara umum, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyimpanan obat, pengaturan penyimpanan obat, dan tata cara penyusunan obat di 11 puskesmas pada semua kecamatan di kota Padang dikategorikan baik dengan hasil secara berurutan 86,36%; 91,81% dan 93,18%.
Determinants of quality of life among COVID-19 patients in Southwestern region of Bangladesh
Authors: Methun Md. Injamul Haq , Uddin M. Sheikh Giash , Haq Iqramul , Noor Md. Asaduzzaman , Habib Md. Jakaria , Hossain Md. Ismail , Saleheen Ahmed Abdus Saleh , Roy Sutopa , Ume Shatabdi Shamrita , Rukon Md. Rukonozzaman , Hasan Md. Amit , Alam Md. Jahangir 
Published: December 2021

Objectives:
The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused an unprecedented health crisis and dramatically changed human lives. This study aims to identify risk factors related to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among COVID-19 patients who were discharged from the hospital.

Material and Methods:
A total of 557 COVID-19 patients of Jhenaidah district of Bangladesh who had tested positive before February 1 of 2021 were selected for this cross-sectional study. The EuroQol 5-dimensional-5 level questionnaire was used to measure the HRQoL. Thai value set was used to assess the full health status. Chi-square test was used to find out the association of HRQoL with sociodemographic and clinical factors. Finally, logistic regression was used to find out the predictors of the dimensions of HRQoL.

Results:
Using the Thai value set, it is observed that 57.27% of participants had reported that they had experienced moderate or severe health problems. About 40.57% of the respondent reported anxiety or depression, whereas 39.14% of the participants had experienced moderate or severe pain or discomfort. The result of the logistic regression showed that age, gender, occupation, place of care, heart problems, and diabetes significantly affect various dimensions of the HRQoL.

Conclusion:
The COVID-19 significantly depletes the health condition of the patients in both mental and physical aspects. Therefore, the policy-makers and government should need to come with comprehensive strategies to reduce the psychological and physical health woe of COVID-19 patients.
Investment in education: the experience of the Russian Federation
Authors: Арсаханова Зина Абдуловна 
Published: December 2021

Под инвестициями в образование мы понимаем финансовые, имущественные, интеллектуальные и другие ресурсы, которые способствуют развитию образования и повышения ее конкурентоспособности, а следовательно, и конкурентоспособности нашего государства. Проанализировав Федеральный Закон «О Федеральном Бюджете» можно сделать вывод о том, что механизм инвестиционного обеспечения высшего образования в РФ пока развит слабо, что проявляется в фактически полной зависимости вузов от государственного финансирования, объемы которого очень ограниченны особенно в условиях пост-ковидного кризиса. В условиях снижения количества бюджетных средств в обеспечении деятельности высшего образования особую важность приобретает постоянное стимулирование частных инвестиций и поиск дополнительных источников финансирования. Средства отдельных юридических и физических лиц могут быть существенным дополнительным источником развития высших учебных заведений, одновременно влияя на хозяйственные операции в целом в виде повышения уровня образования в стране и порождения других положительных экстернальных эффектов. Но при установленной фиксированной оплате за обучение для отдельных физических лиц в вузах качество, вариативность и инновационность образовательных услуг определяется не постоянными инвестиционными вливаниями, а имеющимся административным руководством, его стратегией и тактикой деятельности и особенностью функционирования данного заведения в целом.By investment in education, we mean financial, property, intellectual and other resources that contribute to the development of education and increase its competitiveness, and therefore the competitiveness of our state. Having analyzed the Federal Law "On the Federal Budget", we can conclude that the mechanism of investment support for higher education in the Russian Federation is still poorly developed, which is manifested in the virtually complete dependence of universities on state funding, the volume of which is very limited, especially in the conditions of the post-covid crisis. In the context of a decrease in the amount of budget funds in ensuring the activities of higher education, it is of particular importance to constantly stimulate private investment and search for additional sources of financing. The funds of individual legal entities and individuals can be a significant additional source of development of higher educational institutions, while simultaneously influencing economic operations in general in the form of increasing the level of education in the country and generating other positive external effects. But with a fixed tuition fee for individual individuals at universities, the quality, variability and innovation of educational services is determined not by constant investment injections, but by the existing administrative management, its strategy and tactics of activity and the specifics of the functioning of this institution as a whole.
DETOXICATION PROPERTIES OF COMBINED FOOD ORGANIC FIBERS OBTAINED FROM SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS OF SUGAR BEET PRODUCTION
Authors: ТАМОВА М.Ю. , БАРАШКИНА Е.В. , ЖУРАВЛЕВ Р.А. , ТРЕТЬЯКОВА Н.Р. , ШАНТЫЗ А.Х. , КОБА И.С. 
Published: December 2021

Проведена медикобиологическая оценка детоксикационных свойств комбинированных пищевых волокон (КПВ) растительного происхождения, полученных по разработанной авторами технологии. В качестве объекта исследования были КПВ из свекловичного жома: после экстракции лимонной кислотой образец 1 и после обработки ЭМП КНЧ образец 2. Для определения детоксикационной активности КПВ сформировано 3 группы беспородных белых крыс по 20 голов в каждой, которые вместе с основным кормом получали свинец в виде свинцовой соли уксусной кислоты из расчета 25,0 мг свинца/кг массы тела. 1я и 2я опытные группы получали к корму добавку КПВ в количестве 0,6 мг/кг массы тела животного. Исследования проводили в течение 62 сут. По завершении эксперимента установлено, что у крыс 1й и 2й опытных групп, получавших КПВ из свекловичного жома, прирост живой массы тела превышал аналогичный показатель контрольной группы на 32,7 и 35,8 соответственно содержание свинца в крови снизилось относительно контрольной группы на 36,3 и 43,8 соответственно содержание свинца в печени соответственно в 1,8 и 2 раза ниже по сравнению с контрольной группой животных. Установлено, что детоксикационная активность КПВ после обработки ЭМП КНЧ выше, чем после экстракции лимонной кислотой.
Biomedical assessment of detoxification properties of combined dietary fiber of plant origin, obtained by the technology developed by the authors, was carried out. Combined dietary fiber from beet pulp: after extraction with citric acid sample 1 and after treatment with an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field sample 2 were the object of study. To determine the detoxification activity of combined dietary fibers 3 groups of mongrel white rats with 20 heads in each were formed. All animals in the main feed added lead in the form of lead of salt acetic acid from calculation 25,0 mg lead/kg masses body rats. Combined dietary fibers were added to the animal feed of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups in the amount of 0,6 mg/kg of animal body weight. The studies were carried out for 62 days. At the end of the experiment, it was found that in rats of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, where combined beet pulp fibers were added to the main food, the live weight gain exceeded the same indicator of the control group by 32,7 and 35,8, respectively the lead content in the blood decreased relative to the control group by 36,3 and 43,8, respectively the lead content in the liver, respectively, was 1,8 and 2 times lower compared to the control group of animals. It was found that the detoxification activity of combined dietary fibers after treatment with an electromagnetic field of extremely low frequency is higher than after extraction with citric acid.
USE OF MICRO-ALGAE SPIRULINA IN COMBINATION WITH GRAIN ENRICHING ADDITIVES IN THE FORMULATION OF BREAD FROM WHEAT FLOUR
Authors: ГРЯЗНОВ А.А. , ЛЕТЯГО Ю.А. , ГРЯЗНОВА О.А. , БЕЛКИНА Р.И. 
Published: December 2021

Исследовано влияние добавки микроводоросли спирулины в рецептуру хлеба из пшеничной муки, обогащенного обойной мукой из зерна ячменя сортов Гранал 32 и Нудум 95 и тритикале сорта Цекад 90, на показатели его качества. Размолотую до порошкообразного состояния спирулину в количестве 0,5 к массе муки вносили при замесе теста в три опытных образца: пшеничный хлеб, хлеб Гранал и Ясень , рецептуры которых были разработаны ранее. В качестве контрольного образца был хлеб из пшеничной муки высшего сорта без добавок. Лабораторную выпечку образцов хлеба проводили в соответствии с методикой госкомиссии по сортоиспытанию на лабораторном хлебопекарном оборудовании. В результате определения органолептических и физико-химических показателей качества готовой продукции установлено, что добавка спирулины к пшеничной муке повышает пористость мякиша хлеба и увеличивает его объем до 546 см3, что на 18 см3 больше, чем в контрольном образце. Достаточно высокий объем 494 см3 имел образец хлеба, в рецептуру которого входит ячменная мука с добавлением спирулины. Внесение спирулины в рецептуру существенно не повлияло на показатели влажности (4346) и кислотности хлеба, которые в опытных образцах соответствуют нормативам ГОСТ 2698786 на хлеб из пшеничной муки. Самую высокую общую оценку 4,2 балла по пятибалльной шкале получил образец хлеба с добавлением к пшеничной муке порошка спирулины.
The effect of the addition of spirulina microalgae in the formulation of bread from wheat flour enriched with wholemeal flour from barley grain varieties Granal 32 and Nudum 95 and triticale varieties Tsekad 90, on the indicators of its quality has been studied. Spirulina ground to a powdered state in an amount of 0,5 by weight of flour was introduced when kneading the dough into the formulations of three samples: wheat bread, bread Granal and Yasen , the formulations of which were developed earlier. Bread from wheat flour of the highest grade without additives was as a control sample. Laboratory baking of bread samples was carried out in accordance with the methodology of the state Commission for variety testing on laboratory baking equipment. As a result of the determination of organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators of the quality of the finished product, it was found that the addition of spirulina to wheat flour increases the porosity of the bread crumb and increases its volume to 546 cm3, which is 18 cm3 more than in the control sample. A sample of bread, the formulation of which includes barley flour with the addition of spirulina, had a sufficiently high volume 494 cm3. Adding spirulina to the formulation did not significantly affect the moisture content (4346) and acidity of bread, which in the prototypes correspond to the standards of GOST 2698786 for bread made of wheat flour. A sample of bread with spirulina powder added to wheat flour had the highest overall score 4б2 points on a five-point scale.
The Sensorial Latency of Urban Spaces
Authors:   , Kanagaratnam Dylan 
Published: December 2021

<p>Architecture provides the platform for the inherent connections between people and their city to flourish. The urban realm naturally invites diverse people to inhabit and interact together, giving city life its vibrancy. Urban spaces encourage spontaneous interactions between people and with architecture, to produce creative acts of play and liberating moments of leisure. It has been suggested that these events encapsulate the everyday performance of the city and are the antithesis to everyday life. It is argued this performance is often ignored in modern urban design. It has been noted that Wellington’s waterfront offers areas where momentary and impotent engagement can be developed into meaningful experiences. Simultaneously, the importance and potency of sound within urban spaces may be undervalued. It is often argued that modern cities assault our senses with sounds leading to discomfort and distracted inhabitation, contributing to a lack of engagement. Urban sounds are commonly dampened in public spaces to combat this assault, but with more thoughtful design these sounds can be reinterpreted to augment the innate everyday performances. This thesis proposes that controlling how people experience urban sounds through architecture can create a deep sensory performance that increases engagement, awareness and interaction. This research explores ways to harness the latent sounds of the city to form meaningful connections between people and their city while providing moments of play and leisure. Once isolated and harnessed, the urban sounds’ unique and intrinsic power can aid the development of urban spaces, thus producing greater significance within the urban fabric. There will be focus on the connection between the senses, performance and the urban context. The opportunity to enable the acceptance of the environment and reflection on their city marks an important role within the urban fabric. Concurrently, this research explores how an intuitive drawing-led process can integrate and challenge the boundaries of both interior and the exterior urban realm. Other interior architectural strategies, together with soundscape design and urban interior principles aid this interdisciplinary exploration.</p>
Whenua Ora: Land Healing. Designing Architecture that Incorporates Nature and Mātauranga Māori
Authors:   , Phillips Katy 
Published: December 2021

<p>In 2006, 86% of New Zealanders lived in urban centres, a number that is expected to have risen (“Urban and rural migration”). Urban lifestyles have been linked to increased risk of obesity, stress, cardiovascular diseases and cancers among other things (Murray). As this percentage continues to rise, New Zealand faces the challenge of creating urban environ- ments that do not adversely affect mental and physical wellbeing. It can be argued that one factor leading to this loss of wellbeing in urban centres is the disconnection to nature and the healing effects that nature provides. In New Zealand, Māori have developed a strong relationship with the land. The under- standing that nature benefits health is deeply embedded within their culture. This research attempts to address the role of architecture in facilitating urban health and wellbeing is- sues through the incorporation of Mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge) of healing and nature. The integration of Mātauranga Māori into this thesis comes from the recognition that our wellbeing can be greatly affected by our relationship with nature and that Māori culture best embodies this in a New Zealand context. Currently, Māori knowledge is under- represented in New Zealand’s predominantly western mainstream culture. This research is significant as it explores the role of architecture in facilitating a connection with nature in a bicultural urban environment, an area that is currently underexplored. Incorporating these values into design generates the potential to increase Māori representation in the designed environment as well as expand the architectural knowledge of designing for wellbeing. The chosen site, Birdwood Reserve is an underutilised bush reserve in the suburb of Karori, Wellington. Birdwood Reserve is situated in the nation’s capital, adjacent to Zealandia, an eco-sanctuary that is frequented by tourists. It is a steep valley with access to dense bush and the disturbed Kaiwharawhara stream. Flanked on two sides by environmentally active communities, it offers the potential for community involvement in the healing of the land- scape, helping restore the reserve while healing itself. The intentions of this thesis are addressed through the design of a bicultural wellbeing cen- tre. Through the process of this design, the role of Māori culture in New Zealand architec- ture will be analysed, as well as the potential to reconnect people to nature through design. The final design will explore how to embody the developed framework of bicultural values relevant to architectural design for wellbeing.</p>