bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Public Perceptions of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Social Media Analysis
Authors: Cresswell Kathrin , Tahir Ahsen , Sheikh Zakariya , Hussain Zain , Domínguez Hernández Andrés , Harrison Ewen , Williams Robin , Sheikh Aziz , Hussain Amir 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 and its subsequent spread worldwide continues to be a global health crisis. Many governments consider contact tracing of citizens through apps installed on mobile phones as a key mechanism to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2.ObjectiveIn this study, we sought to explore the suitability of artificial intelligence (AI)–enabled social media analyses using Facebook and Twitter to understand public perceptions of COVID-19 contact tracing apps in the United Kingdom.MethodsWe extracted and analyzed over 10,000 relevant social media posts across an 8-month period, from March 1 to October 31, 2020. We used an initial filter with COVID-19–related keywords, which were predefined as part of an open Twitter-based COVID-19 dataset. We then applied a second filter using contract tracing app–related keywords and a geographical filter. We developed and utilized a hybrid, rule-based ensemble model, combining state-of-the-art lexicon rule-based and deep learning–based approaches.ResultsOverall, we observed 76% positive and 12% negative sentiments, with the majority of negative sentiments reported in the North of England. These sentiments varied over time, likely influenced by ongoing public debates around implementing app-based contact tracing by using a centralized model where data would be shared with the health service, compared with decentralized contact-tracing technology.ConclusionsVariations in sentiments corroborate with ongoing debates surrounding the information governance of health-related information. AI-enabled social media analysis of public attitudes in health care can help facilitate the implementation of effective public health campaigns.
Коморбидная патология в герниологии
Authors: Boyko V.V. , Parkhomenko K.Y. , Nikonov V.V. , Feskov O.E. , Gavrikov O.E. 
Published: April 2021

В последние десятилетия во всем мире наблюдается старение населения с увеличением удельного веса лиц пожилого и старческого возраста, что приводит к значительному росту распространенности разнообразной патологии, особенно сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, избыточного веса и ожирения, сахарного диабета, неопластических и диспластических заболеваний, а также заболеваний, которые требуют хирургического лечения. Негативное влияние на состояние здоровья значительно увеличивается при наличии нескольких заболеваний, что создает качественно новые условия, которые нельзя объяснить механической суммой влияния отдельных заболеваний. Наличие сопутствующей патологии при хирургических заболеваниях, или коморбидность, негативно влияет на общее состояние пациента, течение основной и сопутствующей патологии, а с хирургической точки зрения — еще и на ответ на хирургическую агрессию, течение послеоперационного периода и дальнейшую реабилитацию больных. Это свидетельствует о необходимости индивидуального подхода к организации обследования пациента и планирования дальнейшего лечения, которое в большинстве случаев невозможно стандартизировать. В качестве факторов риска и предикторов смертности и осложнений после оперативных вмешательств рассматриваются возраст пациента, избыточный вес и ожирение, хронические обструктивные заболевания легких, хроническая сердечная недостаточность, ишемическая болезнь сердца. Комплексная оценка коморбидности и функционального статуса позволяет оптимизировать уход за пациентами. Наиболее часто для этого применяется индекс коморбидности Чарлсона. Но попытки еще более увеличить информативность шкал коморбидности не останавливаются, и появляются новые, которые используются главным образом для административной оценки результатов лечения. В контексте герниологии очень интересным патологическим состоянием является дисплазия соединительной ткани, для которой характерны мультиорганные и мультисистемные поражения с чрезвычайно разнообразными клиническими проявлениями. Патология соединительной ткани ассоциируется со многими другими заболеваниями хирургического профиля. Это варикозная болезнь, дискинезия желчных путей с развитием желчнокаменной болезни, дуоденогастральный и гастроэзофагеальный рефлюкс, язвенная болезнь желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки, дивертикулы пищеварительного тракта, спаечная болезнь брюшной полости. Таким образом, у больных с грыжами, особенно пожилого и старческого возраста, достаточно высокая частота коморбидной патологии, которая оказывает существенное влияние на частоту послеоперационных осложнений и летальность.
Digital Applications Targeting Medication Safety in Ambulatory High-Risk CKD Patients
Authors: Ong Stephanie W. , Jassal Sarbjit V. , Porter Eveline C. , Min Kyoyoon K. , Uddin Akib , Cafazzo Joseph A. , Rac Valeria E. , Tomlinson George , Logan Alexander G. 
Published: April 2021

Background and objectives
Patients with CKD are at risk for adverse drug reactions, but effective community-based preventive programs remain elusive. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of two digital applications designed to improve outpatient medication safety.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
In a 1-year randomized controlled trial, 182 outpatients with advanced CKD were randomly assigned to receive a smartphone preloaded with either eKidneyCare (n=89) or MyMedRec (n=93). The experimental intervention, eKidneyCare, includes a medication feature that prompted patients to review medications monthly and report changes, additions, or medication problems to clinicians for reconciliation and early intervention. The active comparator was MyMedRec, a commercially available, standalone application for storing medication and other health information that can be shared with patients' providers. The primary outcome was the rate of medication discrepancy, defined as differences between the patient’s reported history and the clinic’s medication record, at exit.

Results
At exit, the eKidneyCare group had fewer total medication discrepancies compared with MyMedRec (median, 0.45; interquartile range, 0.33–0.63 versus 0.67; interquartile range, 0.40–1.00; P=0.001), and the change from baseline was 0.13±0.27 in eKidneyCare and 0.30±0.41 in MyMedRec (P=0.007). eKidneyCare use also reduced the severity of clinically relevant medication discrepancies in all categories, including those with the potential to cause serious harm (estimated rate ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.27 to 0.63). Usage data revealed that 72% of patients randomized to eKidneyCare completed one or more medication reviews per month, whereas only 30% of patients in the MyMedRec group (adjusted for dropouts) kept their medication profile on their phone.

Conclusions
In patients who are high risk and have CKD, eKidneyCare significantly reduced the rate and severity of medication discrepancies, the proximal cause of medication errors, compared with the active comparator.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

www.ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02905474.
Autismikirjon poikien intonaation käyttö kysymys- ja kerrontavuoroissa spontaanissa vuorovaikutuksessa
Authors: Wiklund Mari , Ihaksinen Kia , Vainio Martti 
Published: April 2021

Autismikirjon häiriö on aivojen neurobiologinen kehityshäiriö, jota luonnehtivat mm. sosiaalisen vuorovaikutuksen ongelmat, aistiyliherkkyydet sekä rajoittuneet kiinnostuksen kohteet (APA, 2013). Autismikirjon henkilöillä puheen prosodiaanliittyy usein epätyypillisiä piirteitä. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan autismikirjonpoikien puheen lausumanloppuista nousevaa intonaatiota ja sen käyttöä kysymys- ja kerrontavuoroissa spontaanissa vuorovaikutuksessa. Aihe on tärkeä, koska vaikka autismikirjoon liittyviä prosodisia piirteitä onkin jo tutkittu melko paljon, spontaania puheaineistoa, joka mahdollistaisi autismikirjon henkilöiden intonaation käytön havainnoimisen, ei ole aiemmin juurikaan tutkittu.
Tutkimuksen aineistona käytetään autenttisia ryhmäkuntoutuskeskusteluja, joissa 11–13-vuotiaat autismikirjon pojat (n = 7) keskustelevat kuntouttajiensa kanssa. Tutkimuksessa käytetään fonetiikan ja keskustelunanalyysin menetelmiä.
Tutkimuksen tulokset viittaavat siihen, että autismikirjon pojat osaavat käyttää nousevaa loppuintonaatiota vuorovaikutuskeinona sekä tuottaa että tulkita oikein päättyvyyttä ilmaisevia prosodisia piirteitä spontaanissa vuorovaikutuksessa. He osaavat myös käyttää prosodisia piirteitä korostuskeinoina, kutsua intonaation loppunousun avulla reaktioita muilta osallistujilta sekä ilmaista vastaanottajan huomioonottamista. Autismikirjon pojat vaikuttaisivat siis pystyvän käyttämään hyväkseen intonaatiota vuorovaikutuksellisena resurssina, vaikka vastavuoroinen vuorovaikutus on yleisesti ottaen autismikirjon henkilöille vaikeaa (APA, 2013).
IDENTIFIKASI UMAH ADAT PITU RUANG SEBAGAI PRODUK KEBUDAYAAN GAYO. STUDI KASUS: UMAH REJE BALUNTARA DI ACEH TENGAH
Authors: Sari Fani Dila , Pratama Haria Nanda , Setiawan Indra 
Published: April 2021

AbstrakUmah Adat Pitu Ruang merupakan karya seni bangunan rumah adat Suku Gayo. Struktur bangunannya berupa rumah panggung yang memiliki 36 tiang sebagai penopang dengan ornamen-ornamen berbagai warna yang menghiasi Umah Adat Pitu Ruang. Rumah adat Gayo ini memiliki fungsi tidak hanya sebagai bangunan tempat tinggal, namun sebagai identitas budaya Gayo sekaligus penerapan nilai-nilai estetis bagi masyarakatnya. Identifikasi Umah Adat Pitu Ruang sebagai produk kebudayaan Gayo dibentuk oleh tatanan hidup masyarakatnya. Salah satu hasil kebudayaan yang masih ada di daerah Takegon Aceh Tengah yaitu Umah Adat Pitu Ruang. Kebudayaan ini diwariskan oleh leluhur suku Gayo yang representasi wujud kehidupan sosial budaya masyarakat Takegon Aceh Tengah. Rumah adat ini merupakan peninggalan bersejarah atau sebuah mahakarya seni yang memiliki filosofi kehidupan yang berlandaskan kepada nilai-nilai sosial masyarakatnya dilihat dari bangunannya. Studi kasus: Umah reje Baluntara di Aceh Tengah dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Kata Kunci: gayo, kebudayaan, umah, pitu, ruang.AbstractThe Umah Adat Pitu Ruang is a work of art for the traditional house of the Gayo tribe. The structure of the building is in the form of a house on stilts which has 36 pillars as a support with various colored ornaments that adorn the Umah Adat Pitu Ruang. This Gayo traditional house has a function not only as a residential building, but as a Gayo cultural identity as well as the application of aesthetic values to the community. The identification of the Pitu Ruang Adat Umah as a product of Gayo culture is shaped by the life order of the people. One of the cultural products that still exist in the Takegon area of Central Aceh is the Pitu Room Umah Adat Pitu Ruang. This culture was inherited by the ancestors of the Gayo tribe who represented the socio-cultural life of the Takegon people of Central Aceh. This traditional house is a historical heritage or a masterpiece of art which has a philosophy of life based on the social values of the community as seen from the building. Case study: Umah reje Baluntara in Central Aceh using qualitative research methods.Keywords: gayo, cultural, umah, pitu, ruang.
Carcass and Meat Quality of Lambs from Thin-Tailed and Fat-Tailed Breeds at Five Different Slaughter Weights
Authors: Ekiz Bulent , Kecici P. Dilara , Ograk Y. Ziya , Yalcintan Hulya , Ozturk Nursen , Yakan Akin , Demirel Gulcan , Kocak Omur , Yilmaz Alper 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In lamb production, deciding the optimal slaughter weight (SW) has great importance on product quality. The aim of the study was to determine the optimum SW for lambs from a thin-tailed breed (Kivircik) and a fat-tailed breed (Kangal Akkaraman) in order to get high-quality meat and carcass. Kivircik (n=60) and Kangal Akkaraman (n=59) lambs were allotted to five SW groups (20, 28, 36, 44 and 52 kg). In Kivircik lambs, backfat thickness and fatness score gradually increased in parallel with the increase in SW, while the increase in the tail fat and kidney knob and channel fat (KKCF) proportions were observed by up to 36 kg. In Kangal Akkaraman lambs, evident increases in fatness parameters, except tail fat proportion, were observed when the SW increased from 44 kg to 52 kg. Meat pH, Warner Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and cooking loss values were not influenced by SW in lambs of both breeds. As SW increased in Kivircik lambs, there was a significant decrease in meat lightness and an increase in yellowness. In Kangal Akkaraman breed, lambs slaughtered at 20 kg and 28 kg had higher L* values, and lower a* and C* values than those of other SW groups. In Kivircik lambs, the total PUFA proportion and the ΣPUFA/ ΣSFA ratio were lower in SW-44 and SW-52 groups than those of SW-20 and SW-28 groups. Decreases of these parameters were in SW-52 group in Kangal Akkaraman lambs. In meat samples of both breeds, SW-52 groups had a lower Σn-3 proportion and a higher Σn-6 / Σn-3 ratio than other SW groups. In Kivircik lambs, the panellists evaluated the meat of SW-20 and SW-28 groups as tender compared to those in SW-44 and SW-52 groups. In Kangal Akkaraman breed, flavour intensity in the meat of SW-52 lambs was higher than those of SW-20 and SW-28 groups. Results of the study indicate that slaughtering of lambs at 20 kg and 28 kg in both breeds provided better meat quality but caused lower carcass weight. Therefore, slaughtering Kivircik and Kangal Akkaraman lambs at 20 kg and 28 kg live weight might be recommended especially to farmers, who aim to obtain high-quality lamb meat. In this case, it should not be ignored that the amount of meat produced will be less. On the other hand, slaughtering lambs at about 44 kg weight could be recommended to farmers, who aimed to obtain as much quality lamb carcasses as possible without any negative influence on meat quality.
Weighted Accuracy Algorithmic Approach in Counteracting Fake News and Disinformation
Authors: Bonsu Kwadwo Osei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: Fake news and disinformation are polluting information environment. Hence, this paper proposes a methodology for fake news detection through the combined weighted accuracies of seven machine learning algorithms.

Materials and methods: This paper uses natural language processing to analyze the text content of a list of news samples and then predicts whether they are FAKE or REAL.

Results: Weighted accuracy algorithmic approach has been shown to reduce overfitting. It was revealed that the individual performance of the different algorithms improved after the data was extracted from the news outlet websites and ‘quality’ data was filtered by the constraint mechanism developed in the experiment.

Conclusions: This model is different from the existing mechanisms in the sense that it automates the algorithm selection process and at the same time takes into account the performance of all the algorithms used, including the less performing ones, thereby increasing the mean accuracy of all the algorithm accuracies.
The role of administrative borders in determining regional identity: The case of Podlasie, Poland
Authors: Konopski Michał 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The borders of voivodships in Poland today are not consistent with those of historical regions. The current administrative division is largely based upon imposed boundaries, dividing initial regions. This research topic arises from the dichotomy between the toponymy applied to voivodships because of the administrative reform of 1999 – and the names of historical regions. Implementing such a toponomy, although detached from historical and cultural contexts, has contributed to establishing attachments with current administrative regions, which surpasses identification with historical units. This paper presents the results of empirical research employing a questionnaire survey of the inhabitants of 71 communes (LAU 2 units) in north-eastern Poland. The main objective was to examine the impact of recent administrative reform on territorial identity, with particular emphasis placed on the region of Podlasie. The surveyed communities are to the highest extent attached to national and local levels than to the region, which was only ranked third in the hierarchy of identification with a given area. The regional identity of the population living in north-east Poland is related primarily to the contemporary administrative borders. There are, however, explicit differences in perceptions of the region of Podlasie depending upon respondents’ place of residence, which is an indication that relict borders persist in the residents’ social consciousness.
External Habits Formation and the Environment
Authors: Safi Fatma 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The present paper presents a standard overlapping generations model with external habits formation and environmental quality in the utility function. Our main objective is to study the impact of external habits on capital accumulation and environmental quality on the intertemporal competitive equilibrium. We notice that striving for status leads to environment worsening and capital increasing when the cohort size is large.
Bishop Albert Bereczky (1893-1966) and the Revival Movement: Albert Bereczky’s Conversion
Authors: Lányi Gábor J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This original research paper discusses Bishop Albert Bereczky’s (1893-1966) first contacts with revivalism, especially his spiritual conversion experience during his adolescent years. Albert Bereczky, Bishop of the Danubian Church District from 1948 to 1958, was one of the most significant, and yet controversial persons of the Reformed Church in Hungary during the 20th Century. From a popular preacher of the Revival Movement of the 1920s, church planter of the 1930s, rescuer of Jews during the War, he became the tool of state interest of the Communist regime in the 1950s. This paper sorts out the origins of his turn to the revival movement, like his troubled childhood, the emotional and financial insecurity of an illegitimate child, his troubled relationship with his biological father, the positive example of his stepfather, and his deviant adolescence behavior. By showing examples of his personal accounts the paper discusses whether Bereczky went through a ‘sudden’ or a ‘gradual’ conversion experience.
Conflict Intensity in African Water Basins: Water Stress and the Effectiveness of Water Management Strategies
Authors: Boyce Sarah 
Published: April 2021

Access to cross-border water sources in the African regions of the Nile River, Zambezi River, and Lake Turkana Basins becomes less certain as global population, human consumption, and climate change increase. Uncertainty during periods of high demand for water in agro-dependent economies creates circumstances of water stress, where social stability is low as stakeholders compete over scarce water sources. Longstanding traditions of political power, such as colonial rule and the status of regional superpowers, reinforce the unequal resource distribution. All three regions encounter water stress in the form of floods or droughts. They rely on dam projects that modify water distribution and basin agreements that reallocate political power to manage stress. The basins vary, however, in conflict intensity and effectiveness of water management strategies. The Nile River Basin exhibits low-intensity conflict and has institutionalized collaborative management strategies; the Zambezi River Basin demonstrates medium-intensity conflict with theoretically collaborative initiatives that fall short in practice; the Lake Turkana Basin exemplifies high-intensity conflict, lacking collaborative agreements. In order to address the discrepancy in outcomes, this study asks: what factors contribute to the intensity of conflict surrounding water stress? And, to what extent are water management practices effective in promoting cooperation and preventing conflict? The study concludes that the most intense conflicts occur in rural localities, where social instability is high and resource distribution is uneven. Collaborative agreements and international involvement in water management initiatives increase social stability and decrease conflict intensity by institutionalizing equitable distribution of water in a changing environment.
Studying the effect of Heartfulness Meditation on Brain Activity
Authors: Gupta Pallavi , Mundluru Jahnavi , Patel Arth , Pathmakanthan Shankar 
Published: April 2021

Long-term meditation practice is increasingly recognized for its health benefits. Heartfulness meditation represents a quickly growing set of practices that is largely unstudied. Heartfulness is unique in that it is a meditation practice that focuses on the Heart. It helps individuals to connect to themselves and find inner peace. In order to deepen ones’ meditation, the element of Yogic Energy (‘pranahuti’) is used as an aid during meditation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether consistent EEG effects of Heartfulness meditation be observed in sixty experienced Heartfulness meditators, each of whom attended 6 testing sessions. In each session, participants performed three conditions: a set of cognitive tasks, Heartfulness guided relaxation, and Heartfulness Meditation. Participants during the cognitive portion were required to answer questions that tested their logical thinking (Cognitive Reflective Test) and creative thinking skills. (Random Associative Test) The order of condition was randomly counter balanced across six sessions. It was hypothesized that Heartfulness meditation would bring increased alpha (8-12Hz) brain activity during meditation and better cognitive task scores in sessions where the tasks followed meditation. Heartfulness meditation produces a significant decrease in brain activity (as indexed by higher levels of alpha during the early stages of meditation. As the meditation progressed deep meditative state (as indexed by higher levels of delta) were observed until the end of the condition. This lead to the conclusion that Heartfulness Meditation produces a state that is clearly distinguishable from effortful problem solving.
Uraria picta: A comprehensive review on evidences of utilization and strategies of conservation
Authors: Bhusare B. P. , Ahire M. L. , John C. K. , Nikam T. D. 
Published: April 2021

Uraria picta (Jacq.) DC. (Prishnaparni) is one of the most important medicinal plants used in different traditional systems of medicines including the Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese medicine. The major use of this plant was found in the most popular Ayurvedic formulation “Dashmula” and in several many other important Ayurvedic formulations. IUCN placed this woody herb in the least concern category as per version 3.1. It has extensive therapeutic uses and pharmacological activities. Though this plant is a source of many phytochemicals, the uses are uncertain because the raw plant parts or crude extracts are being used in all formulations. Therefore, extensive investigations are necessary to focus on the identification of these phytochemicals. It is an urgent need to give special attention to collecting various aspects and more efforts are required in all areas for utilization and conservation of this valuable medicinal herb. Herein, a compilation of all information with various aspects has been presented, including the authors published work on Uraria picta. This review pursues attention towards biological activity, phytochemical profile, utilization, propagation and conservation of Uraria picta.