bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aerosol formation and growth rates from chamber experiments using Kalman smoothing
Authors: Ozon Matthew , Stolzenburg Dominik , Dada Lubna , Seppänen Aku , Lehtinen Kari E. J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Bayesian state estimation in the form of Kalman smoothing was applied to
differential mobility analyser train (DMA-train) measurements of aerosol
size distribution dynamics. Four experiments were analysed in order to
estimate the aerosol size distribution, formation rate, and size-dependent
growth rate, as functions of time. The first analysed case was a synthetic
one, generated by a detailed aerosol dynamics model and the other three
chamber experiments performed at the CERN CLOUD facility. The estimated
formation and growth rates were compared with other methods used earlier for
the CLOUD data and with the true values for the computer-generated synthetic
experiment. The agreement in the growth rates was very good for all studied
cases: estimations with an earlier method fell within the uncertainty limits
of the Kalman smoother results. The formation rates also matched well,
within roughly a factor of 2.5 in all cases, which can be considered very
good considering the fact that they were estimated from data given by two
different instruments, the other being the particle size magnifier (PSM),
which is known to have large uncertainties close to its detection limit. The
presented fixed interval Kalman smoother (FIKS) method has clear advantages
compared with earlier methods that have been applied to this kind of data.
First, FIKS can reconstruct the size distribution between possible size gaps
in the measurement in such a way that it is consistent with aerosol size
distribution dynamics theory, and second, the method gives rise to direct
and reliable estimation of size distribution and process rate uncertainties
if the uncertainties in the kernel functions and numerical models are known.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG STIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN PERSONAL SOSIAL PADA ANAK
Authors: Kusuma wardhani Ratih 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK
Perkembangan sosial merupakan proses belajar anak dalam menyesuaikan diri dengan norma, moral dan tradisi dalam sebuah kelompok. Perkembangan sosial menjadi salah satu hal penting bagi proses pertumbuhan anak. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan ibu diperlukan sebagai dorongan untuk menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri anak, sehingga anak akan lebih mandiri dan proses personal sosialnya menjadi baik. Tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dengan perkembangan personal sosial pada anak
Metode Desain penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian Analitik Korelasional dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Jumlah sampel 41 anak responden yang dipilih dengan teknik Purposive sampling dimana pengambilan sampel sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dan observasi untuk perkembangan personal sosial pada anak. Metode analisa data yang digunakan yaitu spearmen rank dengan menggunakan SPPS.
Hasil analisis dengan nilai spearman rho 0,653 dengan uji signifikan (ρ) 0,000 , dengan tingkat kesalahan 5% (0,05), dengan demikian ρ < α maka Ho ditolak dan H1 diterima, artinya ada hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dengan perkembangan personal sosial pada anak.
Kesimpulan dan Saran Diharapkan petugas kesehatan dapat bekerja sama dengan ibu untuk memantau perkembangan anak sehingga perkembangan anak dapat berjalan seimbang.
ANÁLISE DA ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE MAPAS DO MONITOR DE SECAS E DADOS CLIMÁTICOS DE SERGIPE
Authors: Silva Santos Kelly Marina , Almeida Albuquerque Tatiana Máximo , Abritta Mendes Ludmilson 
Published: August 2021

A seca é um fenômeno natural recorrente em diversas regiões do planeta e provoca sérios impactos sobre o meio ambiente e a população. O histórico da gestão de secas no Brasil revela o caráter emergencial e reativo das medidas comumente adotadas. Contudo, a implementação do Monitor de Secas (MSB) no país evidencia o início da transição para gestão de riscos. Essa ferramenta consiste em um produto de monitoramento baseado em diversos índices e dados observados, através de um processo participativo entre instituições federais e estaduais. Dada a importância da consolidação do Monitor como meio de suporte à decisão para políticas públicas, esta pesquisa buscou avaliar a existência de associação entre as categorias de seca do MSB e dados climáticos para o estado de Sergipe. Foram utilizadas as ferramentas estatísticas do teste de independência do Qui-Quadrado e do coeficiente de correlação de Cramer. O teste de independência mostrou que há associação entre os mapas do MSB e as precipitações mensais, trimestrais e semestrais; anomalias mensais, trimestrais e semestrais; e o Índice de Vegetação da Diferença Normalizada (NDVI). Contudo, o cálculo do coeficiente de Cramer identificou fraqueza na associação com os dados de precipitação e anomalias, com melhores resultados à medida que o período considerado foi maior. O NDVI foi a variável climática com maior correlação com as categorias do Monitor, refletindo características agrícolas da seca. De modo geral, pode-se afirmar que o Monitor tem representado o estado de Sergipe com baixa eficiência, necessitando de ajustes e melhorias, devido à sua crescente importância como ferramenta de suporte à decisão.
SECAS METEOROLÓGICA, AGRÍCOLA, HIDROLÓGICA NO MUNICÍPIO DE SERRINHA-BA
Authors: Santos Maria Auxiliadora Freitas , Costa Valéria Sandra , Galvincio Josiclêda Domiciano 
Published: August 2021

Compreender os diferentes tipos de seca constitui elemento importante no desenvolvimento de modelos para uma atuação proativa em diferentes cenários ao nível global. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo classificar os diferentes tipos de secas e verificar suas consequências socioambientais e econômicas no município de Serrinha-BA. Para determinar a intensidade das secas utilizou-se a série climatológica que compreende o período entre 1987 a 2018 e o Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) nas escalas temporais de 3, 6, 9, 12 e 24 meses. A partir da identificação dos valores de SPI foram classificadas a intensidade da seca em Fraca, Moderada, Severa, Extrema e Excepcional. No município de Serrinha, os anos mais secos registrados foram: 1987, 1993, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2004, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2017, 2018, apresentando uma, duas ou todas as classificações das secas, com duração entre 4 a 12 meses e intensidades de severa, extrema a excepcional. O período de estudado possibilitou a classificação das secas; assim como permitiu verificar a sua duração a curto, médio e longo prazo, bem como as consequências ambientais e econômicas na produção do milho
The Crime Of Damage After the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 76/PUU-XV/2017
Authors: Jaelani Abdul Kadir , Luthviati Resti Dian 
Published: August 2021

From 2009 until now, there have been 30 cases tried by the Court with the use of Article 27 paragraph (3) of Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. These various cases have raised opinions from some people who consider defamation offenses contrary to the spirit of reform that upholds freedom of thought and expression. Crime of reputation after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 50/PUU-VI/2008, Constitutional Court Decision Number 2/PUU-VII/2009, Constitutional Court Decision Number 5/PUU-VIII/2010, Constitutional Court Decision Number 31/PUU-XIII/ 2015, and the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 76/PUU-XV/2017 concerning the Review of Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 regarding Information and Electronic Transactions against the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia are regulated in detail with one of the points, namely making changes in Article 27 paragraph (3) of the ITE Law and reducing criminal threats in 2 (two) provisions.Â Keywords: Reputation Offenses; Legal Certainty; Constitutional Court.
Macrofloral and microfloral changes in the Middle Jurassic plant assemblages of the Cianowice 2 borehole (southern Poland)
Authors: Maria BARBACKA undefined , Artur GÓRECKI undefined , Jadwiga ZIAJA undefined , Agata JARZYNKA undefined , PACYNA Grzegorz 
Published: August 2021

The flora of the Cianowice 2 borehole (c. 20 km NW of Cracow, Poland), dominated by cycadophytes (mainly bennettitaleans) and conifers, shows high taxonomic diversity relative to the low number of specimens. Twenty species were identified in the 96 determinable plant fragments found in 27 core samples: Cladophlebis sp. (ferns), Pachypteris rhomboidalis (Ettingshausen) Nathorst and Ptilozamites cycadea (Berger) Möller (seed ferns), Anomozamites nilssonii (Phillips) Seward, Nilssoniopteris solitaria (Phillips) Cleal & Rees, Otozamites mimetes Harris, Otozamites parallelus Phillips, Pterophyllum thomasii Harris, Pterophyllum cf. aequale (Brongniart) Nathorst, Ptilophyllum cf. okribense forma ratchiana Doludenko & Svanidze, Ptilophyllum pecten Phillips, Ptilophyllum sirkennethii Watson & Sincock, Cycadolepis sp. (bennettitaleans), Pseudotorellia grojecensis Reymanówna, Pseudotorellia samylinae Nosova & Kiritchkova, Pseudotorellia sp. (Gymnospermae incertae sedis), Bilsdalea dura Harris, Mirovia szaferi Reymanówna, and Brachyphyllum stemonium Kendall (conifers). The floristic composition is supplemented by palynological data. The taxa were connected to five depositional successions distinguished along the core: one, alluvial fans; two, four and five, meandering/anastomosing river depositional systems with fluvial plain deposits; and three, lacustrine/backswamp environment developed on fluvial plain. The composition of the fossil plant assemblage changes with the depositional setting within the same range of taxa, seen mainly in changed combinations of taxa, which are most diverse in the fluvial plain deposits. Some taxa occur in a single depositional succession; some are present in two or three. The sporomorph assemblages of particular depositional environments differ significantly from the composition of the co-occurring macroflora: ferns occur sporadically in the macroflora of each depositional environment but they strongly dominate the sporomorph assemblage. Our proposed reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment is a slight rise descending into a valley with a depositionary basin, with gymnosperms on the slope and ferns at the base. Some species are shared between Cianowice and nearby Middle Jurassic localities in Grojec and Zabierzów, and the majority of taxa are known from the Middle Jurassic, suggesting that the Cianowice deposits are of that age.
The Perceptions about Their Profession of Kosovo`s Nursing Students
Authors: Haxhija Edona , Shabani Zamira , Osmanaga Fatbardha 
Published: August 2021

Background and Aim: Nurses are key to the health of the nation. Nursing can be described as both an art and a science; a heart and a mind. The aim of this study is to evidence the students' perceptions about the profession of nursing. This is a cross-sectional study.
Study Design: The research question is: "What are the nursing students’ perceptions about the profession of nursing?"
Methodology: The study was realized during the period of January- February 2021. The study was conducted with nursing students in first, second and third year of study, in bachelor degree of University of Pristina "AAB College" Kosovo, Faculty of Nursing, Department of Nursing, Kosovo. In this study were included n=130 students, respectively (n= 29, 22.3% in first year, n=57, 43.8% second year and n= 44, 33.8% in third year of study). The questionnaire “Cockrell-Punter Nursing Perceptions Scale” used consisted of 25 perception statements related to nursing. These scores no longer reflected simply agreement/disagreement, but as positive or negative perceptions of nursing with a scale values ranged from 1=negative perception to 5=positive perception. The survey performed in classroom was anonymous. All data collected were elaborated with SPSS version 19.
Results: In this study, 22.3% (n=29) of students were male and 77.7% (n=101) were female. Age ranged from 18 to 47 years old. The average age is 21.9 years old. The distribution of student’s age was: (8.5% were 18 years old, 18.5%, 19 years old, 27.7% 20 years old, 19.2% were 21 years old and 26.1% were over 21 years old) mean 19.8 years old, min 18 years old, maximum 47 year old, Std. Dev ± 4.19. According to the residence, 88 (67.7%) of students were from urban area and 42 (32.3%) from rural area.
Conclusion: Nursing students have good perception about the nursing profession. With age the level of perception increases, so the oldest have more positive perception.
Screening and Risk Factor Associated with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis among Pregnant Women
Authors: Hingankar Yugandhara , Taksande Vaishali 
Published: August 2021

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is also known as vaginal yeast infection and candida vulvovaginitis there is excessive growth of yeast in vagina which leads to vaginal thrush. The sign and symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis includes severe vaginal discharge and itching. The symptoms get more before menstruation. The other symptoms show pain during sex, burning urination and redness over vagina. This infection mostly occurs due to excessive amount of growth of candida. According to research in all around 75% of total women suffer from vaginal candidiasis once in their lifetime and around 5% of the women suffer from twice or thrice. The preventive measures include wearing cotton undergarment rather than wearing synthetic and wearing loose cotton cloths.
Objective: This study is planned to assess screening and risk factors associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women.
Methodology: The Descriptive Evaluatory Research Design used for data collection procedure will be required 1 week per plan. 7-8 High vaginal swab are taken from gynae Opd in a day accordingly data will be collected. The number of pregnant women will be taken from Gynae Opd who come for check-up on the regular basis. Soon after their check-up written consent form will be given and sample will be collected. Then interview will be taken with the following questionnaires prepared according to the risk factors assessment scale. The pregnant women will be selected non-Probability convenient sampling technique.
Conclusion: Reproductive age group women have more risk of developing vulvovaginal candidiasis, because of High oestrogen levels cause an increased glycogen load in epithelium, which is a nutritional source for growth of candida & germination. Vulvovaginal candidiasis the most common gynaecologic diagnosis in the primary care setting. So, the available statistics say that there is a need for the study regarding the assessment and screening of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women.
Caseating Tuberculous Lymphadenitis- A Case Report
Authors: Wanjari Mayur B. , Mendhe Deeplata , Wankhede Pratibha , Alwadkar Sagar 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Tuberculosis lymphadenitis (or tuberculous adenitis) is the most common type of infection with tuberculosis that occurs outside of the respiratory system. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis is a chronic condition caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the granulomatous inflammation of the lymph node caused by caseated necrosis. The number of people who contact tuberculosis is estimated at 8 million per year, and about 3 million people die from tuberculosis in the world.
Presentation of Case: In this case report we delineate the case of a female patient, 26-year-old, she had some pain and lymph node swelling in her right submandibular region since from 4 months and was diagnosed as right Caseating Tuberculous Lymphadenitis, associated with the cervical (neck) region, who was immunocompetent and HIV test negative, with a history of recurring fever, weight loss, loss of appetite for the last 4 months. On physical examination, she had swelling approximately 3×3 cm in the right submandibular region and a hard mass and painful sensation were noticed in her right submandibular region. On Fine needle aspiration cytology of submandibular lymph node reveals Caseating Tuberculous Lymphadenitis. this is extremely rare in immunocompetent individuals.
A Cross Sectional Study on Prevalence of Anaemia and its Determinant Factors among Pregnant Mothers in a Rural Community
Authors: Abiselvi A. 
Published: August 2021

Anemia is the greatest common nutritional deficiency disorders affecting the pregnant women in the developing countries and determine the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in a rural community and determine the socio demographic factors and obstetric factors associated with anaemia. The objective of the study was to evaluation the prevalence of anemia between pregnant women and to regulate its association with maternal and fetal consequences. The care given by the health care provider to a pregnant woman during her pregnancy period (a period of 280 days) is known as antenatal care. This research was carried out in rural field practicing area, Sripuram Kanchepuram district of Tamilnadu. The pregnant mothers residing in this area were taken as the study subject. This study was conducted for a period of four month from June 2014 to September 2014. Anaemia is considered a severe public health problem by World Health Organization when anaemia prevalence is equal to or greater than 40% in the population. Iron deficiency is highest population subgroups that are at peak growth rates that is infant, children and pregnant mothers. Anaemia in pregnancy, the most common micro nutritional deficiency (disorder). It is estimated that more than 50% of pregnant women are anaemic and majority (90%) belongs to iron deficiency. The great incidence of anemia in pregnant women speciously increases the maternal and fetal risks. To increase maternal and fetal effect, it is suggested that the primary health care has to be strengthened, prevention, initial diagnosis, and treatment of anemia in pregnancy to be given priority.
Reliability evaluation of functional movement screen for prevention of military training injury: A prospective study in China
Authors: Zeng Jing , Zhang Rong-Bing , Ke Jing-Jiu , Wu Xiang , Chen Li-Hua , Wang Yan-Yan , Xiao Jun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of functional movement screen (FMS) evaluation system and individualized intervention measures in preventing military training injuries.

Methods
A total of 420 recruits from a unit of the People’s Liberation Army of China were included as the research object. According to random grouping method, they were divided into observation group (Group A) and control group (Group B), with 210 patients in each group. Before recruit training, individual FMS was performed, and functional correction training was performed in the observation group according to the test scores, while no intervention measures were applied in the control group. After 3 months of training, the tests were repeated. Age, body mass index (BMI), and incidence of military training injuries were recorded during the training period.

Results
There was no statistical difference between the two groups in age, BMI, FMS score before the training (P &gt; .05). After receiving functional correction training, the FMS score of the Group A was higher than that of the Group B, and the difference was statistically significant (P &lt; .05). The incidence of military training injury in Group A and Group B was 20.95% and 44.02%, respectively (P &lt; .05), and the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion
The evaluation system of FMS and individualized intervention measures are feasible and effective in predicting and reducing the occurrence of military training injuries.
Factors Associated With Hospitalization and Death After COVID‐19 Diagnosis Among Patients With Rheumatic Disease: An Analysis of Veterans Affairs Data
Authors: Schmajuk Gabriela , Montgomery Anna D. , Leonard Samuel , Li Jing , Gianfrancesco Milena , Seet Andrea , Izadi Zara , Yazdany Jinoos , Keyhani Salomeh 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveIndividuals with autoimmune rheumatic disease (RD) are considered to be at increased risk for infection. However, few US population‐based studies have assessed whether these patients are at increased risk of hospitalization or death due to COVID‐19 compared with those without RD.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study using national Veterans Affairs Health Care System data for individuals who tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2. Outcomes of interest were hospitalization or death due to any cause within 30 days of COVID‐19 diagnosis. Outcomes were compared among veterans with RD and those without RD by using propensity score matching (PSM) and mixed‐effects multivariate logistic regression.ResultsOf 26,116 veterans with COVID‐19, 501 (1.9%) had an underlying RD. Prior to matching, patients with RD were more likely to have poor outcomes compared with controls (37.7% vs. 28.5% hospitalized; 6.4% vs. 4.5% died). In the PSM analysis, RD was not a significant predictor for poor outcomes; however, patients with prescriptions for glucocorticoids had increased odds of poor outcomes in a dose‐dependent manner (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] for hospitalization or death: 1.33 [1.20‐1.48] for doses >0 and ≤10 mg/day; 1.29 [1.09‐1.52] for doses >10 mg/day).ConclusionAmong US veterans with COVID‐19, we did not find a significant association between RD and hospitalization or death. Poor outcomes appear to be mostly driven by age and other comorbidities, similar to the general veteran population. However, we observed an increased risk for poor outcomes among patients who received glucocorticoids, even at daily doses less than or equal to 10 mg.
Poor Prognosis of COVID‐19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Lupus Erythematosus: Nationwide Cross‐Sectional Population Study Of 252 119 Patients
Authors: Bertoglio Isabela Maria , Valim Juliana Miranda de Lucena , Daffre Danielle , Aikawa Nádia Emi , Silva Clovis Artur , Bonfá Eloisa , Ugolini‐Lopes Michelle Remião 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has progressed rapidly around the world, reaching a lethality of up to 20% due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This latter condition is a relevant concern for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, data on this topic are limited to few case series. Our objective was to evaluate in hospitalized patients with SLE and with COVID‐19–associated ARDS (confirmed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction) the risk of mortality and combined poor outcomes (death, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, and/or mechanical ventilation [MV] use) and to compare with that of patients without SLE.MethodsThis is a nationwide cross‐sectional study of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nested in the national Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe [SIVEP‐gripe]). Mortality rates, frequencies of ICU admissions, and MV use for 319 patients with SLE and 251 800 patients without SLE were calculated as well as relative risks (RRs). A fully adjusted multiple logistic regression was performed to adjust factors, such as age and well‐known comorbidities, that might impact worse outcomes.ResultsPatients with SLE had an increased risk of death and combined poor outcome compared with patients without SLE (RR = 1.738, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.557‐1.914, and RR = 1.391, 95% CI: 1.282‐1.492, respectively). Among all investigated comorbidities, SLE yielded the higher risk of death and combined poor outcomes (RR = 2.205, 95% CI: 1.780‐2.633, and RR = 1.654, 95% CI: 1.410‐1.88, respectively).ConclusionsThis study provides novel evidence that patients with SLE hospitalized because of COVID‐19 have significantly higher risks of death and poor outcomes compared with patients without comorbidities and patients with other comorbidities.