bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of pre-university Egyptian education: politics, issues and trend
Authors: Zaki Ewiss M.A. 
Published: September 2021

PurposeEducational management's main task is to achieve learning quality outcomes in acquiring knowledge, scientific skills and social values. This study aims to provide a background on Egyptian thought development in educational management from 1990 to 2020.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, we used the descriptive method to collect and interpret data. This method aims to describe an object of phenomena after data collection, analyze it, identify the conditions and relationships between variables and monitor the challenges arising from Egypt's educational system's problems.FindingsThe results showed the following: (1) the trend toward decentralization of educational management is not fulfill during that period and (2) the district and directorate administration continued to receive administrative instructions from the managerial ladder's highest authorities. The Ministry of Education was in control of policy decision-making processes and administrative and financial responsibilities. Many decisions and laws hinder decentralization, such as centralizing examinations, curricula and teachers' recruitment and transfer.Originality/valueThe challenges of developing educational management are related to the shortage of modern management methods in administrative leadership, organizational behavior and decision-making, such as human relations and decentralized administration. Also, the insufficient material resources, managerial competencies and educational, intellectual stagnation among many leaders and administrators.
Can Islamic work ethics encourage knowledge-sharing behaviors? The role of job embeddedness and organizational identification
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Sudrajat Budi , Hendryadi Hendryadi , Oktrivina Amelia , Hafifuddin Hafifuddin , Ali Buto Zulfikar 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis study aims to examine the relationship between Islamic work ethics (IWE), job embeddedness and knowledge-sharing behaviors. It also tested the mediating effects of job embeddedness and the moderating effects of organizational identification on this relationship.Design/methodology/approachA total of 396 respondents from Islamic banks in Indonesia participated in this study. Data analyzes for hypothesis testing were conducted using Hayes’ PROCESS macro-based hierarchical regression.FindingsThe findings suggest that subscribing to IWEs positively and significantly impacts job embeddedness and knowledge-sharing behaviors. Moreover, job embeddedness was confirmed as a mediator in the relationship between IWEs and knowledge-sharing behavior. Finally, the effects of IWEs on knowledge-sharing behaviors are stronger when employees attain a high level of organizational identification.Practical implicationsBy encouraging the adoption of IWEs, organizations can develop job embeddedness and promote knowledge-sharing in the workplace, especially in an Islamic banking context. Therefore, managers should strengthen the mutual understanding among employees regarding IWE principles. They should be consistently applied and disseminated by Islamic banks’ management in the form of a formal code of ethics that applies to all actions within the organization.Originality/valueThis study was conducted to extend the understanding of IWE and its relationship with workplace outcomes in modern organizations. Drawing on the conservation of resources theory, social identity theory and Islamic theology, new insights are provided by explaining the psychological mechanism underlying the relationship between IWEs and knowledge-sharing behaviors while proposing organizational identification as the boundary condition.
Linking brand personality to brand equity: measuring the role of consumer-brand relationship
Authors: Ahmad Anees , Swain Swapnarag , Singh Pankaj Kumar , Yadav Rambalak , Prakash Gyan 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This study aims to examine the relationship between brand personality and customer-based brand equity (CBBE) by investigating the mediating role of consumer-brand relationship (CBR), which is represented through three variables, namely, brand trust, attachment and commitment.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts a cross-sectional descriptive research design. It included a mix of symbolic and utilitarian brands, namely, Pepsi and Sprite (soft drinks), Levi’s and Peter England (clothing), Pantene and Head and Shoulders (shampoos) based on their greater familiarity among Indian consumers. Primary data were gathered from 612 respondents through a self-administered online questionnaire survey approach. Structural equation modeling was performed to analyze data and validate the research model.

Findings
The present study establishes both direct, as well as the indirect linkage between brand personality and CBBE. Results also suggest a partial mediating role of the variables representing CBR while linking brand personality to CBBE.

Originality/value
The present study makes two contributions. First, it advances existing literature on brand personality and brand equity by establishing the mediating role of the CBR while linking brand personality to CBBE. Second, it establishes the importance of both the trust and attachment-based commitment mediator model of CBR influencing CBBE, which has not been addressed by prior studies.
How should economics view the Internet?
Authors: Tao Li 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe study aims to elaborate the author’s basic viewpoints on how economics should view the Internet from four aspects.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reviews the existing literature on this topic, and summarizes key findings and conclusions of these researches.FindingsThe findings include four major contradictions in economics brought by the Internet, and 12 new changes in economics that needs to be addressed.Originality/valueThis paper provides a clear summary of existing studies on economics’ views of the internet and a prospect for future internet economy research.
Synergistic model to boost business performance: a New Zealand case study
Authors: Kijkasiwat Ploypailin , Cave Jenny , Hewa Wellalage Nirosha , Locke Stuart 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis study investigates whether there is an association between business symbiosis and the performance of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs).Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted 200 surveys, using ordered logistic regression to evaluate the results. Participants are MSME business owners in Cambridge, New Zealand.FindingsThe authors found that connections with banks and other businesses in the same and across different industries, positively associates with changes in MSME profitability. Additionally, operating a business as a franchisee under the regulations or headquarter issued rules is positively associated with change in net profit.Originality/valueWhile there are limitations with cross-sectional data, the study indicates a mechanism and frameworks for policy analysis when deciding on allocation of funds to particular networks.
Performance assessment of ASTA MicroIDSys, a new matrix assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry system, for identification of viridans group streptococci
Authors: Lee O‐Jin , Ko Young Jin , Lee Seul‐Bi , Kim Choon Mee , Jang Sook‐Jin , Kook Joong‐Ki , Lim Yun Kyong , Shin Jong Hee , Shin Myung Geun , Kee Seung Jung , Jeong Seok Hoon , Kang Seong‐Ho , Park Geon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe performance of the ASTA MicroIDSys system (ASTA), a new matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) system, was evaluated for the identification of viridans group streptococci (VGS) and compared with the results obtained with the Bruker Biotyper system (Bruker Daltonics). A total of 106 Streptococcus reference strains belonging to 24 species from the bacterial strain bank was analyzed using the two MALDI‐TOF MS systems. Of the 106 reference strains tested, ASTA MicroIDSys and Bruker Biotyper correctly identified 84.9% and 81.1% at the species level, 100% and 97.2% at the group level and 100% and 98.1% at the genus level, respectively. The difference between the two systems was not statistically significant (P = 0.289). Out of 24 species, 13 species were accurately identified to the species level with 100% accurate identification rates with both systems. The accurate identification rates at the species level of ASTA MicroIDSys and Bruker Biotyper were 100% and 87.5% for the S. anginosus group; 78.4% and 73.5% for the S. mitis group; 91.7% and 91.7% for the S. mutans group; and 100% and 100% for the S. salivarius group, respectively. The ASTA MicroIDSys showed an identification performance equivalent to that of the Bruker Biotyper for VGS. Therefore, it would be useful for the identification of VGS strains in clinical microbiology laboratories.
Factors that influence fluid flow in a single fracture
Authors: Fu Bo‐Ye , Cheng Arthur , Li Yunyue Elita , Zong Jingjing 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTTo investigate the influence of compression, Poisson effect and turbulence on the fluid flow process and the inversion for fracture surface geometries, we simulate two sets of fractures: one with a defined fracture height standard deviation σ constant and a varying autocorrelation length λ and another with a fixed λ and a changing σ. Under compression, the normal stress closes fractures with a large aperture and thus reduces the effective permeability. However, the Poisson effect, which is induced by the compression, has little influence on the fluid flow properties and does not affect the inversion for fracture height standard deviation or the autocorrelation length. When introducing turbulence, we observe a significant difference between the performance of the Navier–Stokes equation and the local cubic law; compared with the Navier–Stokes equation, the local cubic law overestimates the peak value of the breakthrough time curve and effective permeability, thereby underestimating the mean fracture aperture.
What are the drivers of SMEs' financial performance? The interaction of intellectual capital and ownership
Authors: Tran Quan , Doan Anh‐Tuan , Tran Thao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis research examines the relationship between intellectual capital (IC) and corporate performance in the context of Asian developing economies characterised by an underdeveloped corporate‐governance system. Using a sample of 1,958 small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in Asian developing countries covering a 10‐year period from 2007 to 2016, we investigate this relationship in a dynamic modelling framework that controls for potential sources of endogeneity. We find that IC components, namely, human capital and relational capital, have a positive effect on SMEs' financial performance. The results reveal that human and relational capitals appear to be key elements that enhance the basis of service quality for the SME. Furthermore, the results show that structural capital is positively associated with long‐term SME financial performance. Regarding the impact of ownership, the positive impacts of human and structural capitals on financial performance are significantly lower for SMEs with more government ownership, and the positive impact of relational capital on financial performance is significantly higher for SMEs with more foreign ownership. Our findings highlight the important implication that owners or managers closely manage a firm's IC because it is a source of SME value creation and financial performance.
Tax Threat and the Disruptive Market Power of Foreign Portfolio Investors
Authors: Marshall Andrew , Farag Hisham , Neupane Biwesh , Neupane Suman , Thapa Chandra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigate the equity trading behaviour of foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) and the potential stock market implications during a period of tax treatment uncertainty in the Indian emerging market. Theoretical arguments predict that the trading reactions (entry and exit) of FPIs not only depend on the severity and credibility of the tax reforms, but also on FPIs’ ability to harm the host capital market by their actions. FPIs may promptly and materially exit the host capital market in response to tax policy reforms that impose potential additional costs. Economic arguments also posit that these withdrawals may carry significant negative implications for the host stock market. Further, given FPIs’ experience regarding the questionable credibility of the host country's tax reforms and lingering uncertainty on future tax changes, FPIs may not re‐enter the market with the same speed and volume as they exited, once the tax threat has been removed. The findings of our quasi‐experimental setup, exploiting a significant exogenous tax reform and using unique FPIs’ transaction‐level data, are consistent with these theoretical expectations.
Association of CD2AP neuronal deposits with Braak neurofibrillary stage in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Camacho Jessica , Rábano Alberto , Marazuela Paula , Bonaterra‐Pastra Anna , Serna Garazi , Moliné Teresa , Ramón y Cajal Santiago , Martínez‐Sáez Elena , Hernández‐Guillamon Mar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies have described several genes as genetic susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among them, CD2AP encodes CD2‐associated protein, a scaffold protein implicated in dynamic actin remodeling and membrane trafficking during endocytosis and cytokinesis. Although a clear link between CD2AP defects and glomerular pathology has been described, little is known about the function of CD2AP in the brain. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of CD2AP in the AD brain and its potential associations with tau aggregation and β‐amyloid (Aβ) deposition. First, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of CD2AP expression in brain tissue from AD patients and controls (N = 60). Our results showed granular CD2AP immunoreactivity in the human brain endothelium in all samples. In AD cases, no CD2AP was found to be associated with Aβ deposits in vessels or parenchymal plaques. CD2AP neuronal inclusions similar to neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and neuropil thread‐like deposits were found only in AD samples. Moreover, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that CD2AP colocalized with pTau. Regarding CD2AP neuronal distribution, a hierarchical progression from the entorhinal to the temporal and occipital cortex was detected. We found that CD2AP immunodetection in neurons was strongly and positively associated with Braak neurofibrillary stage, independent of age and other pathological hallmarks. To further investigate the association between pTau and CD2AP, we included samples from cases of primary tauopathies (corticobasal degeneration [CBD], progressive supranuclear palsy [PSP], and Pick's disease [PiD]) in our study. Among these cases, CD2AP positivity was only found in PiD samples as neurofibrillary tangle‐like and Pick body‐like deposits, whereas no neuronal CD2AP deposits were detected in PSP or CBD samples, which suggested an association of CD2AP neuronal expression with 3R‐Tau‐diseases. In conclusion, our findings open a new road to investigate the complex cellular mechanism underlying the tangle conformation and tau pathology in the brain.
Building an assessment of community‐defined social‐emotional competencies from the ground up in Tanzania
Authors: Jukes Matthew C. H. , Mgonda Nkanileka Loti , Tibenda Jovina J. , Gabrieli Prosper , Jeremiah Grace , Betts Kellie L. , Williams Jason , Bub Kristen L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTwo studies were conducted in 2017 to investigate children's competencies seen as important by communities in Mtwara, Tanzania. Qualitative data from 95 parents (34 women) and 27 teachers (11 women) in Study 1 indicated that dimensions of social responsibility, such as obedience, were valued highly. In Study 2, the competencies of 477 children (245 girls), aged 4–13 years, were rated by teachers and parents. Factor analysis found the obedient factor explained the most variance in parent rating. In line with predictions, urban residence, parental socioeconomic status (SES), and parental education were all positively associated with ratings of curiosity, and parental SES was negatively associated with obedience and emotional regulation. Findings illustrate the need for culturally specific frameworks of social‐emotional learning.
Sputum microRNA‐screening reveals Prostaglandin EP3 receptor as selective target in allergen‐specific immunotherapy
Authors: Jakwerth Constanze A. , Chaker Adam M. , Guerth Ferdinand , Oelsner Madlen , Pechtold Lisa , zur Bonsen Lynn S. , Ullmann Julia T. , Krauss‐Etschmann Susanne , Erb Anna , Kau Josephine , Plaschke Mirjam , Winkler Marlene , Kurz Alexandra , Kloss Antonia , Esser‐von Bieren Julia , Schmidt‐Weber Carsten B. , Zissler Ulrich M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundSeveral microRNAs (miRs) have been described as potential biomarkers in liquid biopsies and in the context of allergic asthma, while therapeutic effects on the airway expression of miRs remain elusive. In this study, we investigated epigenetic miR‐associated mechanisms in the sputum of grass pollen‐allergic patients with and without allergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT).MethodsInduced sputum samples of healthy controls (HC), AIT‐treated and ‐untreated grass pollen‐allergic rhinitis patients with (AA) and without asthma (AR) were profiled using miR microarray and whole‐transcriptome microarray analysis of the same samples. miR targets were predicted in silico and used to identify inverse regulation. Local PGE2 levels were measured using ELISA.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty nine miRs were upregulated in the sputum of AA patients compared with HC, while only one was downregulated. The inverse picture was observed in induced sputum of AIT‐treated patients: while 21 miRs were downregulated, only 4 miRs were upregulated in asthmatics upon AIT. Of these 4 miRs, miR‐3935 stood out, as its predicted target PTGER3, the prostaglandin EP3 receptor, was downregulated in treated AA patients compared with untreated. The levels of its ligand PGE2 in the sputum supernatants of these samples were increased in allergic patients, especially asthmatics, and downregulated after AIT. Finally, local PGE2 levels correlated with ILC2 frequencies, secreted sputum IL‐13 levels, inflammatory cell load, sputum eosinophils and symptom burden.ConclusionsWhile profiling the sputum of allergic patients for novel miR expression patterns, we uncovered an association between miR‐3935 and its predicted target gene, the prostaglandin E3 receptor, which might mediate AIT effects through suppression of the PGE2‐PTGER3 axis.
Viral kinetics and outcomes of adenovirus viremia following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Chandorkar Aditya , Anderson Anthony D. , Morris Michele I. , Natori Yoichiro , Jimenez Antonio , Komanduri Krishna V. , Camargo Jose F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdenovirus (AdV) is a serious infection following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Little is known about AdV viral kinetics and optimal threshold for initiation of pre‐emptive therapy.MethodsSingle‐center retrospective study of 16 consecutive adult HCT recipients with detectable AdV identified over a 5‐year period.ResultsMedian time to AdV reactivation after HCT was 176 days (IQR 86–408). Nine patients received cidofovir, although 14/16 had no tissue‐invasive disease. Among treated patients, median duration of viremia was shorter when initiating treatment at viral loads < 10,000 copies/ml (28 vs. 52 days). All‐cause mortality in this cohort was 44%. All six patients (five of which were untreated) with peak viral loads < 10,000 copies/ml survived; whereas only 30% (3/10) of patients with peak viral loads greater than this threshold survived, despite most (n = 8; 80%) of them receiving cidofovir (P = .01). Three‐month survival following diagnosis of AdV viremia was significantly lower with peak viremia > 10,000 copies/ml (100 vs. 17%; P = .005).ConclusionAdV is associated with high all‐cause mortality, especially for viremia > 10,000 copies/ml. Delaying therapy until viremia reaches AdV levels ≥10,000 copies/ml was associated with more protracted infection and poor outcomes. Larger studies are needed.
Charred plant fragment–aluminium complexes in buried humic horizons of a cumulative volcanic soil profile: Formation, accumulation and potential role
Authors: Shindo Haruo , Inoue Yudzuru 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to investigate the formation, accumulation and potential role of charred plant fragment (CPF)–aluminium (Al) complexes in several buried A (Ab) horizons of a cumulative volcanic soil profile, focusing on CPFs, active Al components and soil age. Nineteen soil samples were collected from four buried humic horizons (2A–5A, from 7.3 cal ka BP to AD 1471), and their CPF–carbon (C), soil organic C (SOC), acid oxalate‐extractable Al (Alox), pyrophosphate‐extractable Al (Alpy, Al–humus complexes) and short‐range ordered Al minerals (Alox − Alpy) were quantified. The proportion of CPF–C content (up to 15.8 g kg−1) to SOC content (up to 117 g kg−1) ranged from 2.3% to 15.1% (8.4% on average). The contents of active Al components (6.71–77.1 g kg−1) increased: Alpy < Alox − Alpy < Alox. No consistent trends with age were found for the accumulation levels of CPF–C, SOC and active Al components. However, significant positive correlations (p < 0.001) were found between the Alpy and CPF–C and SOC contents, suggesting that the accumulation and stabilisation of soil organic matter in these humic layers proceeded simultaneously with the formation of organo–Al complexes, including CPF–Al complexes. On the other hand, significant negative correlations (p < 0.01) were obtained between the Alox − Alpy and Alpy, CPF–C or SOC contents. From these correlations, it was assumed that the complexation of organic constituents, including CPFs, with Al competed with the synthesis of short‐range ordered Al minerals (including allophane and imogolite), irrespective of soil age and climatic conditions with the range of more than 6000 years. This competitive relationship in the presence of CPFs was first described in the current study.Highlights
Significance of charred plant fragment–aluminium complexes in humic horizons was discussed.
There were no consistent trends with age for the accumulation levels of organic constituents.
The accumulation of organic matter proceeded simultaneously with the formation of the complexes.
The formation of the complexes competed (>6000 years) with the synthesis of aluminium minerals.