bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alkali modified Abies bornmulleriana cones as a costeffective biosorbent for enhanced removal of Pb (II) ions, and its comparison with normal biosorbent: Isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic parameters
Authors: Oguz Ensar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation is the increase the biosorption efficiency and capacity in the removal of Pb (II) ions using Abies bornmulleriana cones modified with NaOH. The biosorption capacity of Pb (II) ions decreased in the presence of Cu (II), Cd (II), Ni (II), and Co (II) ions. Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller surface area and pore volume of the NB and MB after the biosorption decreased by (4.37 m2 g−1 and 0.00154 cm3 g−1) and (0.41 m2 g−1 and 0.00014 cm3 g−1), respectively. The pseudo‐second‐order kinetic gave the best fit to the biosorption data (R2 0.97, 0.97). The biosorption data for the NB and MB fitted well to Dubinin–Radushkevitch (D–R) isotherm due to the high R2 values (0.97, 0.97), and the maximum biosorption capacities were determined as 24.42 and 43.67 mg g−1, respectively. The change of free energy, enthalpy, and entropy of the biosorption for the NB and MB were determined as [(−2.10 kJ mol−1, 14.72 kJ mol−1, and 0.057 kJ mol−1 K−1) and (−7.04 kJ mol−1, 121 kJ mol−1, and 0.438 kJ mol−1 K−1)], respectively. The NB and MB regeneration with 0.1 N HNO3 showed that the biosorption and desorption processes were reversible.
Frequent breakpoints of focal deletion and uniparental disomy in 22q11.1 or 11.2 segmental duplication region reveal distinct tumorigenesis in rhabdoid tumor of the kidney
Authors: Haruta Masayuki , Arai Yasuhito , Okita Hajime , Tanaka Yukichi , Takimoto Tetsuya , Kamijo Takehiko , Oue Takaharu , Souzaki Ryota , Taguchi Tomoaki , Kuwahara Yasumichi , Chin Motoaki , Nakadate Hisaya , Hiyama Eiso , Ishida Yasushi , Koshinaga Tsugumichi , Kaneko Yasuhiko 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSMARCB1 is mutated in most rhabdoid tumors (RTs) developing in the kidney (RTK) and various other organs. Focal deletions found in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome show breakpoints within clusters of segmental duplications (SDs), and those in some RTs show breakpoints in the 22q11‐q12 region. SDs are known to cause focal deletion mediated by non‐allelic homologous recombination. The present study identified SMARCB1 alterations in all 30 RTKs, using SNP array CGH, MLPA, and sequence analyses. Twenty‐eight tumors had a total of 51 breakpoints forming focal 22q deletion and/or uniparental disomy (22qUPD), and the other two had compound mutation with no breakpoints in 22q. Twenty‐four (47.1%) of the 51 breakpoints were within SDs, and occurred in 16 (53.3%) of the 30 tumors. The association of breakpoints with SDs was found not only in focal deletion, but also in 22qUPD, indicating that SDs mediate the first and second hits (focal deletion) and the second hit (22qUPD) of SMARCB1 alteration. Of the 51 breakpoints, 14 were recurrent, and 10 of the 14 were within SDs, suggesting the presence of hotspots in the 22q11.2 region. One recurrent breakpoint outside SDs resided in SMARCB1, suggesting inactivation of the gene by out‐of‐frame fusion. The association between SDs and focal deletion has been reported in two other types of cancer. RTKs may be the third example of SD‐associated tumors. Thus, the present study indicated that RTKs exploit genomic instability in the 22q11.1‐11.2 SDs region, and 22qUPD caused by mitotic recombination may also be mediated by SDs.
Intergenerational health mobility: Magnitudes and Importance of Schools and Place
Authors: Fletcher Jason , Jajtner Katie M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper broadens the literature on intergenerational persistence of socioeconomic status to consider individual, family, and spatial variation in intergenerational health mobility in the United States. Using a school‐based representative panel (Add Health), we report overall health persistence of 0.17 with higher mobility in Hispanic families. We find large variation by place; intergenerational health persistence estimates range between 0 and 0.5, with similarly large ranges for absolute upward and downward health mobility. School‐ and contextual‐level correlates indicate local race/ethnicity composition, proportion of single parents, and average mother's education may be related to observed variation in intergenerational health mobility.
Long‐term hydrology and aquatic biogeochemistry data from H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Cascade Mountains, Oregon
Authors: Johnson Sherri L. , Henshaw Don , Downing Greg , Wondzell Steve , Schulze Mark , Kennedy Adam , Cohn Greg , Schmidt Stephanie A. , Jones Julia A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA) encompasses the 6400 ha Lookout Creek watershed in western Oregon, USA. Hydrologic, chemistry and precipitation data have been collected, curated, and archived for up to 70 years. The HJA was established in 1948 to study the effects of harvest of old‐growth conifer forest and logging‐road construction on water quality, quantity and vegetation succession. Over time, research questions have expanded to include terrestrial and aquatic species, communities and ecosystem dynamics. There are nine small experimental watersheds and 10 gaging stations in the HJA, including both reference and experimentally treated watersheds. Gaged watershed areas range from 8.5 to 6242 ha. All gaging stations record stage height, water conductivity, water temperature and above‐stream air temperature. At nine of the gage sites, flow‐proportional water samples are collected and composited over 3‐week intervals for chemical analysis. Analysis of stream and precipitation chemistry began in 1968. Analytes include dissolved and particulate species of nitrogen and phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon, pH, specific conductance, suspended sediment, alkalinity, and major cations and anions. Supporting climate measurements began in the 1950s in association with the first small watershed experiments. Over time, and following the initiation of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) grant in 1980, infrastructure expanded to include a set of benchmark and secondary meteorological stations located in clearings spanning the elevation range within the Lookout Creek watershed, as well as a large number of forest understory temperature stations. Extensive metadata on sensor configurations, changes in methods over time, sensor accuracy and precision, and data quality control flags are associated with the HJA data.
Plants versus streams: Their groundwater‐mediated competition at “El Morro,” a developing catchment in the dry plains of Argentina
Authors: Jobbágy Esteban G. , Lorenzo Santiago , Buono Nicolás , Páez Ricardo , Diaz Yésica , Marchesini Victoria , Nosetto Marcelo D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOur understanding of how groundwater mediates evapotranspiration/streamflow partitioning is still fragmented and catchment studies under changing vegetation conditions can provide a useful frame for integration. We explored this partition in a flat sedimentary dry catchment in central Argentina in which the replacement of native vegetation with rainfed crops was accompanied by the abrupt formation of groundwater‐fed streams by subsurface erosion (i.e., sapping) episodes. Historical records indicated widespread water table rises (~0.3 m y−1 on average). Groundwater level and stream baseflow fluctuated seasonally with minima in the warm rainy season, indicating that evaporative discharge rather than rainfall shapes saturated flows. Diurnal groundwater level fluctuations showed that plant uptake was widespread where water tables are shallow (<3 m) but restricted to deep‐rooted Prosopis forests where they are deep (7–10 m). MODIS and LANDSAT NDVI revealed a long‐term greening for native vegetation, new wetlands included, but not for croplands, suggesting more limited evapotranspiration‐groundwater level regulation under agriculture. Close to the deepest (20 m) and most active incisions, groundwater level and greenness declined and stream baseflow showed no seasonal fluctuations, hinting decoupling from evapotranspiration. Intense ecological and geomorphological transformations in this catchment exposed the interplay of five mechanisms governing evapotranspiration/streamflow partition including (a) unsaturated uptake and both (b) riparian and (c) distributed uptake from the saturated zone by plants, as well as (d) deepening incisions and (e) sediment deposits over riparian zones by streams. Acknowledging the complex interplay of these mechanisms with groundwater is crucial to predict and manage future hydrological changes in the dry plains of South America.
Use of an adeno‐associated virus serotype Anc80 to provide durable cure of phenylketonuria in a mouse model
Authors: Kaiser Robert A. , Weber Nicholas D. , Trigueros‐Motos Laia , Allen Kari L. , Martinez Michael , Cao William , VanLith Caitlin J. , Hillin Lori G. , Douar Anne , González‐Aseguinolaza Gloria , Aldabe Rafael , Lillegard Joseph B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPhenylketonuria (PKU) is the most common inborn error of metabolism of the liver, and results from mutations of both alleles of the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene (PAH). As such, it is a suitable target for gene therapy via gene delivery with a recombinant adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vector. Here we use the synthetic AAV vector Anc80 via systemic administration to deliver a functional copy of a codon‐optimized human PAH gene, with or without an intron spacer, to the Pahenu2 mouse model of PKU. Dose‐dependent transduction of the liver and expression of PAH mRNA were present with both vectors, resulting in significant and durable reduction of circulating phenylalanine, reaching near control levels in males. Coat color of treated Pahenu2 mice reflected an increase in pigmentation from brown to the black color of control animals, further indicating functional restoration of phenylalanine metabolism and its byproduct melanin. There were no adverse effects associated with administration of AAV up to 5 × 1012 VG/kg, the highest dose tested. Only minor and/or transient variations in some liver enzymes were observed in some of the AAV‐dosed animals which were not associated with pathology findings in the liver. Finally, there was no impact on cell turnover or apoptosis as evaluated by Ki‐67 and TUNEL staining, further supporting the safety of this approach. This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of AAV Anc80 to safely and durably cure PKU in a mouse model, supporting development for clinical consideration.
Raman spectral peak positions of olivine (Fo‐Fa) as fast methodology for classifying chondrites
Authors: do Nascimento‐Dias Bruno Leonardo , Donato Tatiane Peters , Zucolotto Maria Elizabeth , dos Anjos Virgílio de Carvalho 
Published: April 2021

AbstractChondrites are the most common meteorites in the world. However, the carbonaceous chondrites represent only a small fraction of those. Among them, Allende meteorite is one of the most studied carbonaceous chondrites. The main objective of this paper is to use the Raman spectral peak positions of olivine as a parameter to chondrite classification, here, specifically, Allende meteorite. Although these correlations are not new in the literature, this approach has not been used to classify carbonaceous chondrites yet. To develop the olivine calibration, only the peak positions of the doublet in the 700–1100 cm−1 region were analyzed in this study. The typical Raman spectrum of olivine displays two major peaks, here called Peak A, with Raman shifting in the 814–824 cm−1 range, and Peak B, in the 836–857 cm−1 range. The results of measurements found were perfectly matched to a linear correlation between Peak A and Peak B. The peak position versus composition plot shows a good correlation between the samples used as reference. The correlation curve obtained from the reference olivines is consistent with the data found in literature, as well as the peak versus peak plot. Finally, from the analysis of the olivine Raman spectral peak positions present in Allende meteorite, it is possible to conclude that there is little Fe in its matrix. Actually, the proportion of metallic Fe is less than 3% when the range of fayalite content is between Fa26–32.Thus, although the exact amount of iron present in the sample is not entirely clear, this kind of methodology quickly and effectively provides a response regarding the Fa ratio in the meteorite.
Association Between Longitudinal Trajectories of Lifestyle Pattern and BMI in Early Childhood
Authors: Zheng Miaobing , Lioret Sandrine , Hesketh Kylie D. , Spence Alison , Taylor Rachael , Campbell Karen J. 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveThis study examined the association between longitudinal trajectories of lifestyle patterns (LPs) and BMI z score in early childhood.MethodsData of children (n = 439) who participated in the 18‐, 42‐, and 60‐month follow‐ups of the Melbourne InFANT Program were used. Multitrajectory modeling identified groups of children following similar LPs and BMI z score trajectories, and multinomial logistic regression assessed the determinants of the trajectory groups.ResultsThree trajectory groups of child LPs and BMI z scores were identified: “Unhealthy LP, Low BMIz” (30%), “Healthy LP, Mid BMIz” (53%), and “Unhealthy LP, High BMIz” (17%). Relative to the “Unhealthy LP, Low BMIz” group, the maternal “Fruit and vegetables” dietary pattern was associated with higher odds (odds ratio [OR] 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01‐1.47) of children following the “Healthy LP, Mid BMIz” group. Maternal prepregnancy BMI (≥25 kg/m2) (OR 2.50, 95% CI: 1.31‐4.75) and maternal TV‐viewing time ≥130 min/d (OR 2.55, 95% CI: 1.13, 5.72) increased the odds of children following the “Unhealthy LP, High BMIz” group. Child sex, breastfeeding duration, and maternal physical activity were not associated with the identified trajectory groups.ConclusionsThree trajectory groups of LPs and BMI z scores in early childhood were revealed, with maternal prepregnancy BMI, dietary pattern, and TV‐viewing time being identified as significant determinants.
Comments on the Bellman functional for linear time‐delay systems
Authors: Ortega‐Martínez Jorge‐Manuel , Santos‐Sánchez Omar‐Jacobo , Mondié Sabine 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this note, we present some complementary results on the infinite horizon optimal control for linear time‐delay systems. We formally establish some properties of the matrices arising in the Bellman functional, and we prove that any admissible linear control law generates only a class of Bellman functional for addressed systems. Additionally, experimental results are presented, which illustrate a satisfactory control performance when is compared with an optimal proportional integral industrial control.
Acclimation to cold stress reduces injury from low temperature and bispyribac‐sodium on rice
Authors: FD Martini Luiz , Roma‐Burgos Nilda , Tseng Te‐Ming , V Fipke Marcus , A Noldin José , A de Avila Luis 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn subtropical areas, early planting exposes rice seedlings to cold stress, impairing seedling growth and making them more vulnerable to other stresses including herbicide injury. The objectives of this work were: to evaluate the effect of cold stress on bispyribac‐sodium selectivity in rice; to determine the mechanisms of cold tolerance in sensitive (‘Epagri 109’) and tolerant (‘IRGA 424’) rice cultivars; and to ascertain that cold acclimatization influences bispyribac‐sodium selectivity in rice.RESULTSProlonged cold stress caused high lipid peroxidation, increased rice injury, and stunted growth. Short‐term acclimation with cold stress reduced rice injury with bispyribac‐sodium. Total phenols were upregulated in rice exposed to cold stress. Prolonged cold stress increased the superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in IRGA 424. Antioxidant activity was higher in the cold‐tolerant than in the cold‐sensitive cultivar. Only catalase activity was responsive to bispyribac‐sodium. OsRAN2, OsGSTL2, and CYP72A21 were upregulated by cold and herbicide stress in both cultivars. OsGSTL2 was upregulated more in IRGA 424 than in Epagri 109. OsFAD8 was upregulated in cold‐sensitive rice exposed to short‐duration cold stress but was not responsive to bispyribac‐sodium.CONCLUSIONCold stress reduces bispyribac‐sodium selectivity in rice. Short‐term acclimation to cold stress reduces the effect of cold stress and enhances bispyribac‐sodium selectivity. The tolerance of rice (IRGA 424) to cold stress is due to differential induction of protection genes CYP72A21 and OsGSTL2 associated with herbicide metabolism, together with the accumulation of total phenols and higher activity of antioxidant enzymes.
Long‐term monitoring of lipophilic acaricide residues in commercial Swiss beeswax
Authors: Kast Christina , Kilchenmann Verena , Charrière Jean‐Daniel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDA national survey on pesticides in recycled beeswax originating from beekeeping has been conducted in Switzerland for almost three decades. It allowed obtaining a good overview of the lipophilic products used for beekeeping within the last 30 years.RESULTSThe use of the veterinary drugs containing bromopropylate or tau‐fluvalinate two decades ago led to substantial residues in commercial beeswax. These contaminants are still detectable although in Switzerland the corresponding products have been out of use for many years. The level of coumaphos substantially increased in 2015 up to an annual value of 3.25 mg·kg−1, suggesting that at least a few beekeepers used coumaphos‐containing products. Consequently, an information campaign was launched, and the annual value decreased again. Maximal levels of thymol up to an annual value of 87.5 mg·kg−1 were measured in 2009. Since that time, a steady decrease of thymol residues suggests that beekeepers less frequently use thymol‐containing products. Twenty‐five years ago, 1,4‐dichlorobenzene (PDCB) was widely used for the control of the wax moth, resulting in residues in beeswax up to an annual value of 10.9 mg·kg−1 whereas nowadays, PDCB residues are rarely detected in Swiss beeswax.CONCLUSIONSOur survey illustrates that several beekeeping‐associated pesticides persist in recycled beeswax for many years. Most recent analyses show lower residue levels in Swiss beeswax as compared to previous years. Nowadays Swiss beekeepers mostly use hydrophilic substances for treatment against the Varroa destructor that do not accumulate in beeswax, thus reducing exposure of the honey bees to lipophilic contaminants.
Increasing Anthonomus grandis susceptibility to Metarhizium anisopliae through RNAi‐induced AgraRelish knockdown: a perspective to combine biocontrol and biotechnology
Authors: Moreira‐Pinto Clidia E , Coelho Roberta R , Leite Ana G B , Silveira Daniela A , de Souza Daniela A , Lopes Rogerio B , Macedo Leonardo L P , Silva Maria C M , Ribeiro Thuanne P , Morgante Carolina V , Antonino José D , Grossi‐de‐Sa Maria F 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe hemolymph and insect gut together have an essential role in the immune defense against microorganisms, including the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMP). AMPs are mainly induced by two specific signaling pathways, Toll and immune deficiency (IMD). Here, we characterize the expression profile of four genes from both pathways and describe the importance of AgraRelish in the immune defense of Anthonomus grandis against the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae by RNA interference (RNAi).RESULTSTo characterize the pathway that is activated early during the A. grandis–M. anisopliae interaction, we assessed the expression profiles of AgraMyD88 and AgraDorsal (Toll pathway), AgraIMD and AgraRelish (IMD pathway), and several AMP genes. Interestingly, we found that IMD pathway genes are upregulated early, and Toll pathway genes are upregulated just 3 days after inoculation (DAI). Furthermore, nine AMPs were upregulated 24 h after fungus inoculation, including attacins, cecropins, coleoptericins, and defensins. AgraRelish knockdown resulted in a reduction in median lethal time (LT50) for M. anisopliae‐treated insects of around 2 days compared to control treatments. In addition, AgraRelish remained knocked down at 3 DAI. Finally, we identified that AgraRelish knockdown increased fungal loads at 2 DAI compared to control treatments, possibly indicating a faster infection.CONCLUSIONSOur data indicate the influence of the IMD pathway on the antifungal response in A. grandis. Combining biocontrol and RNAi could significantly improve cotton boll weevil management. Hence, AgraRelish is a potential target for the development of biotechnological tools aimed at improving the efficacy of M. anisopliae against A. grandis.
Overexpression of ATP‐binding cassette transporters associated with sulfoxaflor resistance in Aphis gossypii glover
Authors: Wang Li , Zhu Junshu , Cui Li , Wang Qinqin , Huang Weiling , Ji Xuejiao , Yang Qingjie , Rui Changhui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDSulfoxaflor is a new insecticide for controlling against Aphis gossypii in the field. ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters belong to a large superfamily of proteins and play an important role in the detoxification process. However, the potential role of ABC transporters in sulfoxaflor resistance in A. gossypii is unknown.RESULTSIn this study, an ABC transporter inhibitor, verapamil, dramatically increased the toxicity of sulfoxaflor in the resistant population with a synergistic ratio of 8.55. However, verapamil did not synergize sulfoxaflor toxicity in the susceptible population. The contents of ABC transporters were significantly increased in the Sul‐R population. Based on RT‐qPCR analysis, 10 of 23 ABC transcripts, ABCA1, ABCA2, ABCB1, ABCB5, ABCD1, ABCG7, ABCG16, ABCG26, ABCG27, and MRP7, were up‐regulated in the Sul‐R population compared to the Sus population. Meanwhile, inductive effects of ABCA1, ABCD1, ABCG7 and ABCG26 by sulfoxaflor were found in A. gossypii. Furthermore, knockdown of ABCA1 and ABCD1 using RNAi significantly increased the sulfoxaflor sensitivity in Sul‐R aphids.CONCLUSIONThese results suggested that ABC transporters, especially the ABCA1 and ABCD1 genes, might be related with sulfoxaflor resistance in A. gossypii. This study will promote further work to validate the functional roles of these ABCs in sulfoxaflor resistance and might be helpful for the management of sulfoxaflor‐resistant A. gossypii.
Six-loop beta functions in general scalar theory
Authors: Bednyakov A. , Pikelner A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We consider general renormalizable scalar field theory and derive six-loop beta functions for all parameters in d = 4 dimensions within the $$ \overline{\mathrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

-scheme. We do not explicitly compute relevant loop integrals but utilize O(n)-symmetric model counter-terms available in the literature. We consider dimensionless couplings and parameters with a mass scale, ranging from the trilinear self-coupling to the vacuum energy. We use obtained results to extend renormalization-group equations for several vector, matrix, and tensor models to the six-loop order. Also, we apply our general expressions to derive new contributions to beta functions and anomalous dimensions in the scalar sector of the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model.