bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a telephone‐delivered dietary behavior intervention for ovarian cancer survivors
Authors: del Rocio Berglund Maria , Paxton Raheem J , Garcia-Prieto Celia , Hernandez Mike , Hajek Richard A , Handy Beverly Carol , Brown Jubilee , Jones Lovell A 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUNDTo date, few dietary interventions have been conducted among ovarian cancer survivors. There is an important need to evaluate feasible and effective means of delivering evidence‐based dietary behavior programs to cancer survivors, including telephone‐delivered counseling interventions (TDCI).METHODSThis randomized parallel‐group study, evaluated a TDCI dietary change targeting ovarian cancer survivors. 51 women were randomized to a plant‐based (PB) diet or a modified NCI diet supplemented with a soy‐based beverage and encapsulated fruit & vegetable concentrates (FVJCs). Women received a workbook and 14 calls over 6 months. Changes in dietary intake and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) were assessed with paired t‐tests.RESULTSAt 6‐mo the FVJC group exhibited higher adherence to the dietary goals of ≥ 5 servings/day of fruits & vegetables, ≥ 25 g/day fiber, & ≤ 20% of kcal from fat (33%, 32%, and 21% adherence, respectively). Participants in the PB group adhered most to the recommendation of ≥ 5 servings/day of vegetables (47%), and ≥ 2 daily 8‐ounce servings of juice (37%) and adhered less to the recommendations of ≥ 30 g fiber/day (26%), ≤ 20% of kcal from fat (16%), and ≥ 3 servings of fruit/day (11%). No changes in HRQOL were observed.CONCLUSIONSThis feasibility trial adds to the currently limited number of TDCI studies targeting dietary change.FUNDING: This research was supported in part by donations from NSA, LLC, Collierville, TN, a NCI grants K01CA158000 (to RJP), and by the NIH through MD Anderson's Cancer Center Support Grant CA016672.
Dietary intake in women consuming three supplements with identical micronutrient content
Authors: Rodriguez Fabiola Mejia , Neufeld Lynnette M , Quezada-Sanchez Amado David , Garcia-Guerra Armando F 
Published: June 2021

Objectiveto estimate energy, protein, iron, zinc, and folate intake from diet only and diet+supplement in women participants in a randomized controlled supplementation trial in Mexico.MethodsCommunities randomly assigned (18/suppl) to receive a fortified beverage (FB), micronutrient tablet, or micronutrient powder. Pregnant women (<25 wks), beneficiaries of Oportunidades were eligible to participate. Dietary intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ, previous month) 37 wks preg, 1 and 3 mo postpartum. Supplements were delivered and consumption estimated by observation (first 9 mo) then weekly (maternal report) for the rest of the trial. Comparisons among supplementation groups were using statistical analyses for cluster randomized trials.Results694 women began supplementation (FB =224, T=235, MNP=235) and 571 (82%) finished the study; there were no significant differences among groups at baseline. Total protein intake from diet+supplements was higher in the FB (p<0.05), with no difference in diet or total energy or micronutrients.ConclusionsEnergy intake is high and likely overestimated by our FFQ; but we have no reason to believe that overestimation varies by group. The additional protein from FB in this population may not be needed as dietary intakes appear adequate.The Oportunidades program financed this study and holds the rights to the data presented.
Popcorn snack more satiating than almonds, party mix or pretzels
Authors: Reimers Kristin J , Lowczyk Ursula T. , Meyer Michael C. 
Published: June 2021

This study compared satiety of whole grain 94% fat free microwave popcorn, dry roasted almonds, party mix (a mix of ready‐to‐eat cereal squares) and pretzels. Eucaloric (100 kcal) portions of these foods where tested in a counterbalanced, within subject design, with 29 normal weight participants (9 males and 20 females, ages 20–50 years). Participants consumed a standard breakfast followed three hours later by the test snack. Hunger, fullness, thirst, desire for a snack and general mood were recorded on 11‐point scales before and 30 minutes after the snack. Overall liking, appearance, flavor, texture and satisfaction were rated on 9‐point hedonic scales. Popcorn consumption resulted in less hunger, more fullness and less interest in a snack than almonds, party mix or pretzels (p<0.05) 30 minutes post consumption. These results support previous research showing popcorn is more satiating than other popular snacks. The satiety attribute, combined with popcorn's contribution to whole grain and fiber intakes, supports the consumption of low fat popcorn as a snack that can add to a healthy dietary pattern.Supported by ConAgra Foods
High dietary iron and 137Cs radiation exposure induce oxidative stress and reduce bone mass
Authors: Yuen Evelyn , Morgan Jennifer L , Zwart Sara R , Gonzales Estela , Camp Kaleigh , Macias Brandon R , Smith Scott M , Bloomfield Susan A 
Published: June 2021

Astronauts are exposed to increased iron (Fe) stores and risk radiation exposure during spaceflight. We hypothesized that a high Fe diet and radiation exposure would independently increase markers of oxidative stress and result in loss of bone mass. Male rats (3‐mo‐old, n=32) were randomized to receive an adequate (45 mg Fe/kg) or high (650 mg Fe/kg) Fe diet for 4 wks and either 3 Gy (8 fractions, 0.375 Gy each) of 137Cs radiation (γ RAD) or sham exposure starting on d 14. Ex vivo pQCT quantified volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD); bone mechanical strength (ultimate load, UL) was assessed by 3‐pt bending (midshaft tibia) and compression of the femoral neck. Serum Fe and catalase increased only with the combined treatment, whereas serum glutathione peroxidase decreased in all groups. γRAD and high Fe diet lowered proximal tibial (PT) cancellous vBMD (by −15% and − 12%, respectively); high Fe diet produced a small decrease in femoral neck (FN) total vBMD (−4%, p=0.07). Cortical vBMD at midshaft tibia was lower after high Fe diet, but not after γRAD. Higher serum Fe levels at 4 wks were associated with lower PT cancellous vBMD (r = −0.61); higher serum catalase was associated with lower vBMD at the 3 different bone sites (r = − 0.52). No significant differences in UL at mid‐shaft tibia or FN were detected. Oxidative stress is increased by fractionated γRAD and iron overload and is associated with a negative impact on bone mass.Grant Funding Source : NASA Human Research Program and NSBRI via NASA NCC9‐588
Predictors of 5‐year change in plasma 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in postmenopausal women
Authors: Kluczynski Melissa , Platek Mary , DeNysschen Carol , Wactawski-Wende Jean , Millen Amy 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveDetermine the predictors of 5‐year change in Δ 25(OH)D concentrations.MethodsPostmenopausal women in the Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease Study (N=668) had 25(OH)D assessments at baseline (1997–2000) and 5‐years (2002–2005). Baseline and Δ dietary, lifestyle and health‐related factors were tested as predictors using linear regression.ResultsThe mean increase in 25(OH)D was 7.7 nmol/L (SD=0.7, P<0.001). Predictors explained 31% of the variance in Δ 25(OH)D and included baseline 25(OH)D, baseline and Δ vitamin D supplement intake and physical activity, Δ season of blood draw, Δ body mass index, Δ whole body T‐score, and baseline hormone use. Baseline 25(OH)D and Δ vitamin D supplement intake explained the most variance (25%) in 25(OH)D. In exploratory analyses, there was a borderline significant interaction between baseline 25(OH)D and Δ vitamin D supplement use after adjustment for predictors of Δ 25(OH)D (P=0.063). The greatest increase in 25(OH)D occurred in women in the lowest tertile of baseline 25(OH)D who increased supplement intake from baseline to follow‐up.ConclusionsBaseline 25(OH)D and Δ vitamin D supplement intake were most predictive of increasing 25(OH)D. Increasing 25(OH)D through supplementation depends on initial 25(OH)D.
Effect of lipid extracts from edible blue‐green algae, Nostoc commune var. Sphaeroides Kützing and Spirulina Platensis, on the regulation of genes for cholesterol and lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells
Authors: Ku Chai Siah , Balunas Marcy J , Lee Jiyoung 
Published: June 2021

We previously demonstrated that lipid extract (LE) from an edible blue‐green alga, Nostoc commune var. Sphaeroides Kützing (NO), inhibited the expression of genes involved in lipogenesis, cholesterol synthesis and LDL uptake by repressing maturation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP‐1) and SREBP‐2 in HepG2 cells. To compare the effect of NO with Spirulina Platensis (SP), the most common BGA for human consumption, LE was prepared with dichloromethane/methanol (2:1) from two blue‐green algae species and HepG2 cells were incubated with the algal LE for 24 hr. Both algal LE decreased mRNA levels of LDL receptor (LDLR), HMG‐CoA reductase (HMGR) and SREBP‐2 in a dose‐dependent manner (0–100 &#61549;g/ml). Protein levels of the genes were also diminished by algal LE except mature SREBP‐2 protein in NO LE‐treated cells. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl CoA desaturase mRNA as well as FAS protein levels were significantly lowered by NO and SP LE with concomitant decreases in SREBP‐1c mRNA and its mature protein. The results suggest NO and SP LE contain bioactive components that inhibit SREBP‐1c expression and maturation to repress lipogenic gene expression; and different mechanism may mediate the repressive effect of NO and SP LE on the expression of LDLR and HMGR because mature SREBP‐2 protein was not diminished by NO LE whereas SP LE markedly reduced the protein levelsGrant Funding Source: NIH R21AT005152
Polymethoxyflavones and Atorvastatin Synergistically Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Growth
Authors: li longfang , Charoensinphon Noppawat , Zheng Jinkai , Xiao Hang 
Published: June 2021

Utilization of potential synergistic interactions among different bioactive agents is a promising approach to inhibit complex diseases such as cancer. Nobiletin (NBT) and tangeretin (TAN) are major polymethoxyflavones found in citrus fruits. Herein, we studied NBT and TAN in combination with atorvastatin (ATST, Lipitor, a cholesterol‐lowering drug) in MDAMB231 and MCF‐7 human breast cancer cells. Both NBT/ATST and TAN/ATST combinations at low doses produced much stronger inhibitory effect on cancer cell viability in comparison to those produced by NBT, TAN or ATST alone at much higher doses. Isobologram analysis confirmed that both NBT/ATST and TAN/ATST combinations produced strong synergy in inhibiting the growth of two breast cancer cell lines. Flow cytometry analysis showed that both NBT/ATST and TAN/ATST combinations caused significant cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in both MDAMB231 and MCF‐7 cells after 48 hrs of treatments. Consistent with these results, NBT/ATST and TAN/ATST combinations decreased expression levels of Akt, cyclin D1, and CDK4, while increased expression levels of p21, PTEN, and phosphorylated PTEN (Ser380). In conclusion, our result demonstrated strong synergy between two major citrus polymethoxyflavones and ATST in inhibiting human breast cancer cell growth.Grant Funding Source : NIH:CA139174, AICR:#10A044
Absorption and biotransformation of α‐mangostin by nude mice without and with HT‐29 colon cancer xenograft
Authors: Chitchumroonchokchai Chureeporn , Riedl Kenneth M , Thomas-Ahner Jennifer M , Schwartz Steven J , Clinton Steven K , Failla Mark L 
Published: June 2021

Alpha‐mangostin (α‐MG) is the most abundant xanthone in mangosteen fruit. Anti‐cancer activities such as anti‐oxidant, anti‐proliferative/pro‐apoptotic, and anti‐inflammatory activities of α‐MG have been demonstrated in vitro and in rodents. However, the absorption and metabolism of α‐MG and other xanthones is limited. We examined in vivo absorption and metabolism of α‐MG in mice with and without HT‐29 colon cancer xenografts; mice were fed AIN‐93 diet containing 0.1% α‐MG (95% of total xanthones). Serum, liver, tumor and feces were collected after 3 and 5 weeks of feeding. Free and conjugated (glucuronides/sulfates) species of α‐MG were detected in liver (2.0 μg/g α‐MG with 50% conjugates in control liver; 3.7 μg α‐MG/g with 78% conjugates in liver of tumor bearing mice), tumor (3.6 μg α‐MG/g; 53% conjugates) and serum. Notably, the most abundant xanthone species in liver appeared to be a novel xanthone dimer according to accurate mass measurements. Apparent minor metabolites of α‐MG included methylated/demethylated, hydrated, oxidized/reduced and pyrano‐forms. Although suggestive of extensive metabolism of α‐MG, it is possible that minor xanthones were absorbed and accumulated by specific tissues. These data support the use of murine models to characterize metabolic processes relevant to the study of biological activities of xanthones in humans.Grant Funding Source : OSU Food Innovation Center, Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Center for Advanced Functional Foods Research and Enterpreneurship and Nutrient and Phytochemical Analytic Shared Resource
Morbidity and undernutrition are associated with impaired neurodevelopment among HIV‐exposed infants in Tanzania
Authors: McDonald Christine , Manji Karim , Spiegelman Donna , Bellinger David , Kisenge Rodrick , Msamanga Gernard , Fawzi Wafaie , Duggan Christopher 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo identify maternal, socioeconomic (SES), and child predictors of neurodevelopmental status among 311 Tanzanian infants born to HIV‐infected women.MethodsMaternal and SES data were recorded during pregnancy, HIV status was assessed at 6 weeks then every 3 months, morbidity and anthropometrics were assessed monthly, and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development‐II were administered at 6, 12, and 18 months.Results10.3% of infants were HIV‐positive at 6 wks. Mean Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) and Mental Development Index (MDI) scores were 94.0 ± 14.7 and 93.6 ± 16.1, respectively. In multivariate analyses, having ≥ 3 episodes of cough and fever, stunting, or underweight lowered PDI scores by 5.82 (95% CI −9.89, −1.74), 6.26 (−11.22, −1.18), and 6.33 (−11.03, −1.63) and MDI scores by 8.77 (−12.37, −5.16), 4.78 (−8.99, −0.57), and 6.43 (−11.27, −1.60), respectively. Mean PDI scores were higher among infants whose mothers had elevated depressive symptoms, preterm and HIV‐negative infants; MDI scores were higher among infants whose mothers had a low mid‐upper arm circumference, those born preterm, with a low birthweight, low vitamin B12 levels, and few episodes of diarrhea.ConclusionsPreventing and treating child illnesses and undernutrition could improve the neurodevelopment of HIV‐exposed infants.Grant Funding Source : NICHD
Stromal cell‐derived factor(SDF)‐1 induces RANKL in Rheumatoid Arthritis synovial fibroblasts and CD4+ T cells
Authors: Kim Kyoung-Woon , Kim Hae-Rim , Kim Bo-Mi , Cho Mi-La , Lee Sang-Heon 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUDSDF‐1 is a chemokine promoting the migration of inflammatory cells into the inflamed synovium in rheumatoid arthritis.OBJECTIVEThis study aims to determine the effect and mechanism of SDF‐1 on bony destructive process in RA through RANKL regulation from synovial fibroblasts and CD4+ T cells.METHODSynovial fibroblasts were isolated from synovial tissues of RA patients and CD4+ T cells were isolated from PBMC of RA patients. After RA synovial fibroblasts and CD4+ T cells were treated with rhSDF‐1, the expression of RANKL mRNA was determined using real‐time PCR.RESULTSThe expression of RANKL mRNA in RA synovial fibroblasts and CD4+ T cells was increased after SDF‐1 stimulation in a dose dependent manner. After RA synovial fibroblasts were culture with neutralizing antibodies of TNF‐α and IL‐6, the expression of RANKL mRNA was decreased in RA synovial fibroblasts. SDF‐1‐induced RANKL expression was also diminished after inhibition of PI3 kinase, p38 MAP kinase, and JNK.CONCLUSIONThis result suggests that SDF‐1 could induce RANKL from RA synovial fibroblasts mediated by TNF‐α and IL‐ 6. In RA CD4+ T cells, SDF‐1‐induced RANKL expression is mediated by IL‐1β as well as TNF‐α and IL‐6.This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF‐2010‐ NRF‐ 2010‐R1A4A002‐0008205)
Ambient ultrafine particles promote vascular calcification
Authors: Mittelstein David Reza , Li Rongsong , Ning Zhi , Sioutas Constantinos , Hsiai Tzung 
Published: June 2021

Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM < 2.5 μm in diameter) is a modifiable risk factor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Vascular calcification is intimately involved in differentiation and calcium formation of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic lesions. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms whereby ultrafine particles (UFP) derived from ambient pollutants induced vascular calcification.We examined the direct effect of UFP on calcifying vascular cells (CVC) ‐ mesenchymal stem cells that spontaneously calcify in vitro. Treatment of CVC with UFP resulted in a significant increase in calcification (3.45 ± 1.66 fold, n=3) and alkaline phosphatase activity (4.48 ± 1.52 fold, n=3) – an important marker for calcification. UFP treatment activated NF‐κB signaling as demonstrated by reporter gene assay (2.08 ± 0.79 fold, n=2). NF‐κB inhibitor, CAY10512, blocked UFP‐stimulated ALP activity, suggesting that UFP stimulated calcification via the NF‐κB pathway. Conditioned media from THP‐1 differentiated macrophage further increased ALP activity and NF‐κB reporter activity. Thus, UFP is implicated in inducing vascular calcification via NF‐κB ‐ ALP signaling.Funding Sources: NIH R01 HL083015‐06, NIH R01 HD069305‐01
Renal Oxidized Fatty Acids are Reduced in LDL Receptor Deficient Mice following treatment with Anti Inflammatory Peptide F
Authors: Navab Kaveh Daniel , Elboudwarej Omeed , Memarzadeh Massood , Vakili Ladan , Shabihkhani Maryam , Rostami Reza , Swartz Jonathon , Vazirian Samra 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionLDL receptor deficient mice have high levels of apoB containing lipoproteins that upon feeding the animals with a Western Type diet, further increase in concentration and bring about lipid oxidation, inflammatory and acute phase response. Oxidized fatty acids such as HETEs and HODES are known to induce inflammatory molecules in various organs and result in metabolic complications.ObjectiveIn the present study we sought to determine the effect of a Western type Diet on renal content of oxidized fatty acids and the potential beneficial effect of the anti inflammatory peptide 4F.MethodsFemale LDL R−/− mice (n=20 per treatment group) were maintained on a Western Diet for 6 weeks and were given placebo or anti inflammatory peptide 4F in the drinking water supplying 0.9 mg per mouse per day. Kidneys were analyzed for HETEs and HODEs using LC‐ESI‐MS/MS.ResultsThe concentration of 9‐HODE, 13‐HODE, 5‐HETE, 12‐HETE, 15‐HETE, 20 HETE 14, 15EET and arachidonic acid itself were significantly lower in the group that received the peptide as compared to the mice that did not receive additional peptide (p from 0.001 to 0.042).ConclusionThe antiinflammatory peptide 4F is capable of interfering with the oxidative cascade, sequestering oxidized fatty acids and reducing their concentration in the organism including in the kidneys. The present findings might have major implications in prevention of renal disorders in hyperlipemia.
A comparison of young and aged NK cells at basal, homeostatic conditions in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Beli Eleni , Clinthorne Jonathan F , Duriancik David M , Lee Tae Hyung , Kim Sungjin , Gardner Elizabeth M 
Published: June 2021

Elderly people are at greater risk for complications from viral infections. A common explanation is that elderly have compromised immunity. Indeed, conservation of good natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity has been correlated with increased survival in later stages in life. Our objective is to examine how ageing affects NK cell homeostasis and their responses to specific stimuli. We use flow cytometric methods to examine the differences among NK cells from adult (6 month) and aged (22 month), male, C57/Bl6 mice. Herein, we show that aged NK cells have functional defects in cytotoxicity and cytokine production. Furthermore, NK cells in primary and secondary lymphoid organs show a skewed immature phenotype with lower acquisition of certain adhesion molecules that provide functional maturation. To identify whether there is a defect on the generation of mature NK cells we compared their developmental stages in the bone marrow of young and aged mice. The numbers of NK cells produced in the bone marrow are not affected by ageing; yet, less mature NK cells are present both in bone marrow as well as in the periphery. Studies on the apoptotic potential of immature and mature NK cells revealed that mature NK cells are more prone for apoptosis in aged mice compared to young, resulting in less mature NK cells. Overall, the homeostasis of mature NK cells in mice is affected by ageing.Support: NIA, Grant R01AG034949.
Aptamer‐assisted cell targeting and its application in cell‐based immunotherapy of cancer
Authors: Xiong Xiangling , O'Donoghue Meghan , Tan Weihong 
Published: June 2021

Cell targeting and adhesion is an important process yet a great challenging in cell‐based therapies. Here, we demonstrate a DNA aptamer‐based approach to control cell targeting and cell‐cell adhesion with high selectivity and efficiency, which is applied in a immune cell‐killing model. We previously showed that DNA aptamers that generated from cell‐SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment) strategy exhibit high affinity and excellent selectivity toward their target cells. An aptamer‐lipid probe is designed to modify cell surfaces with cell‐targeting aptamers in a rapid and nontoxic way. Modified cells can attach to target cells by aptamer recognition process, which mimics native cell‐surface ligand‐receptor interactions. The selectivity and efficiency of cell targeting is monitored and compared in several physiological relevant conditions. As a prove‐of‐concept study, immune cell‐killing assays are constructed. Natural killer cells and T cells modified with cancer cell‐targeting aptamers demonstrate improved cancer cell targeting and killing.This work is supported by NIH.
Gene Expression in the Colon of Wild Type and Knockout Parp1 Mice
Authors: Moua Kham , Rod Annette , Cormier Robert 
Published: June 2021

Poly (ADP‐ribose) Polymerase (PARP) functions in gene regulation, DNA repair, and mitosis and meiosis regulation. ApcMin mice was created to have either wild type Parp1 (+/+) gene or carried a germ line knockout Parp1 (−/−) gene. Deficiency for Parp1 significantly enhanced tumorigenesis in ApcMin mice. The genes, Nf‐kappa B, Brac, Sox, Mappk, and Ctnnb, are known to be involved in DNA repair, inflammation and gene regulation, and Parp1 regulation in other tissues. We want to understand the potential mechanisms underlying Parp1's function as a tumor suppressor by measuring the changes in gene expression in Parp1 knockout (KO) colons.Colons from age and gender matched mouse pairs were used for RNA isolation. RNA was isolated using the Qiagen Rneasy Mini Kit. cDNA was created by reverse transcription (RT). Primers were designed using resources at NCBI and Primer Bank, and the specificity of PCR amplicons verified by polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qtRT‐PCR) was then performed to measure changes in gene expression in Parp1 KO colons compared with Parp1 wild type colons. Preliminary results indicate the loss of Parp1 modulates expression of Brca, Mappk, and Nf‐kappa B. Confirmation of these data is ongoing, along with analysis of additional candidate Parp1 target genes.