bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative systematics illuminates the relationships in two sponge-associated hydrozoan families (Capitata: Sphaerocorynidae and Zancleopsidae)
Authors: Maggioni Davide , Schuchert Peter , Arrigoni Roberto , Hoeksema Bert W. , Huang Danwei , Strona Giovanni , Seveso Davide , Berumen Michael L. , Montalbetti Enrico , Collins Richard , Galli Paolo , Montano Simone 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An integrated approach using morphological and genetic data is needed to disentangle taxonomic uncertainties affecting the hydrozoan families Sphaerocorynidae and Zancleopsidae. Here we used this approach to accurately characterise species in these families, identify the previously unknown polyp stages of the genera Euphysilla and Zancleopsis, which were originally described exclusively based on the medusa stages, describe a new sphaerocorynid genus and species, and assess the phylogenetic position of the two families within the Capitata. The monotypic genus Astrocoryne was found to be a synonym of Zancleopsis. Astrocoryne cabela was therefore transferred to the genus Zancleopsis as Zancleopsis cabela comb. nov. The new polyp-based genus and species Kudacoryne diaphana gen. nov. sp. nov. was erected within the Sphaerocorynidae. Both taxa are primarily based on genetic data, but the introduction of this new genus was made necessary by the fact that it clustered with the genera Heterocoryne and Euphysilla, despite showing Sphaerocoryne-like polyps. Interestingly, the species analysed in this work showed contrasting biogeographical patterns. Based on our data and literature records, some species appear to have a wide circumtropical range, whereas others are limited to few localities. Overall, these results lay the ground for future investigations aimed at resolving the taxonomy and systematics of these two enigmatic families.
Failure to Rescue in Geriatric Trauma: The Impact of Any Complication Increases with Age and Injury Severity in Elderly Trauma Patients
Authors: Stonko David P. , Etchill Eric W. , Giuliano Katherine A. , DiBrito Sandra R. , Eisenson Daniel , Heinrichs Trevor , Morrison Jonathan J. , Haut Elliott R. , Kent Alistair J. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction The interaction of increasing age, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and complications is not well described in geriatric trauma patients. We hypothesized that failure to rescue rate from any complication worsens with age and injury severity. Methods The National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) was queried for injured patients aged 65 years or older from January 1, 2013 through December 31, 2016. Demographics and injury characteristics were used to compare groups. Mortality rates were calculated across subgroups of age and ISS, and captured with heatmaps. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of mortality. Results 614,496 geriatric trauma patients were included; 151,880 (24.7%) experienced a complication. Those with complications tended to be older, female, non-white, have non-blunt mechanism, higher ISS, and hypotension on arrival. Overall mortality was highest (19%) in the oldest (≥86 years old) and most severely injured (ISS ≥ 25) patients, with constant age increasing across each ISS group was associated with a 157% increase in overall mortality ( P < .001, 95% CI: 148-167%). Holding ISS stable, increasing age group was associated with a 48% increase in overall mortality ( P < .001, 95% CI: 44-52%). After controlling for standard demographic variables at presentation, the existence of any complication was an independent predictor of overall mortality in geriatric patients (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 2.2-2.4). Conclusions Any complication was an independent risk factor for mortality, and scaled with increasing age and ISS in geriatric patients. Differences in failure to rescue between populations may reflect critical differences in physiologic vulnerability that could represent targets for interventions.
The first 200 septal myectomies: Ensuring gold standard outcomes
Authors: Quintana Eduard , Bajona Pietro 
Published: November 2021

Objectives Septal myectomy remains the gold standard treatment for symptomatic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction refractory to medical treatment. It is recommended that this operation be performed in dedicated hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy centres by experienced surgeons. The septal myectomy option remains unavailable to many patients based solely on geography, including those who would clearly benefit more substantially from surgery than other therapeutic options. Here, we share our experience in starting new hypertrophic cardiomyopathy programmes. Methods We retrospectively reviewed initial septal myectomy experiences at two hypertrophic cardiomyopathy programmes starting in 2014. Results Two-hundred septal myectomies were performed. Mean age was 58.8 years and 51% were females. Advanced heart failure symptoms were present in 95.5% of patients and 23.5% had experienced syncope. Mean maximal intraventricular gradient was 89 mmHg and 48.5% underwent concomitant procedures at the time of septal myectomy. There was no perioperative (in-hospital or 30 days) mortality. Ninety-two per cent had provoked left ventricular gradients of ≤ 15 mmHg and 97% had none/mild mitral regurgitation at post-operative assessment. In our contemporary cohort, there were 2 (1%) intraoperative ventricular septal defects and 5% required a permanent pacemaker. Conclusions Our early septal myectomy experience targeted a complex population, frequently in need of concomitant procedures. Abolition of left ventricular obstruction and resolution of systolic anterior motion mediated mitral regurgitation can be expected. The safety and efficacy of septal myectomy carried at hypertrophic cardiomyopathy centres by properly trained surgeons achieved the desired outcomes established by recent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy guidelines.
Fostering Patient Choice Awareness and Presenting Treatment Options Neutrally: A Randomized Trial to Assess the Effect on Perceived Room for Involvement in Decision Making
Authors: Pieterse Arwen H. , Brandes Kim , de Graaf Jessica , de Boer Joyce E. , Labrie Nanon H. M. , Knops Anouk , Allaart Cornelia F. , Portielje Johanna E. A. , Bos Willem Jan W. , Stiggelbout Anne M. 
Published: November 2021

Purpose Shared decision making calls for clinician communication strategies that aim to foster choice awareness and to present treatment options neutrally, such as by not showing a preference. Evidence for the effectiveness of these communication strategies to enhance patient involvement in treatment decision making is lacking. We tested the effects of 2 strategies in an online randomized video-vignettes experiment. Methods We developed disease-specific video vignettes for rheumatic disease, cancer, and kidney disease showcasing a physician presenting 2 treatment options. We tested the strategies in a 2 (choice awareness communication present/absent) by 2 (physician preference communication present/absent) randomized between-subjects design. We asked patients and disease-naïve participants to view 1 video vignette while imagining being the patient and to report perceived room for involvement (primary outcome), understanding of treatment information, treatment preference, satisfaction with the consultation, and trust in the physician (secondary outcomes). Differences across experimental conditions were assessed using 2-way analyses of variance. Results A total of 324 patients and 360 disease-naïve respondents participated (mean age, 52 ± 14.7 y, 54% female, 56% lower educated, mean health literacy, 12 ± 2.1 on a 3–15 scale). The results showed that choice awareness communication had a positive (Mpresent = 5.2 v. Mabsent = 5.0, P = 0.042, η2partial = 0.006) and physician preference communication had no (Mpresent = 5.0 v. Mabsent = 5.1, P = 0.144, η2partial = 0.003) significant effect on perceived room for involvement in decision making. Physician preference communication steered patients toward preferring that treatment option (Mpresent = 4.7 v. Mabsent = 5.3, P = 0.006, η2partial = 0.011). The strategies had no significant effect on understanding, satisfaction, or trust. Conclusions This is the first experimental evidence for a small effect of fostering choice awareness and no effect of physician preference on perceived room to participate in decision making. Physician preference steered patients toward preferring that option.
Role and scope of overall equipment effectiveness implementation in Indian sugarmill industries: A justified approach
Authors: Singh Sandeep , Khamba Jaimal S , Singh Davinder 
Published: November 2021

Indian process industries have come a long way to modify their technological aspects. Although consumption of processed beverages and food is booming around the globe, Indian process industries such as sugar mills are still struggling to make the best out of their resources. So, it is needful to implement a valuable strategy such as overall equipment effectiveness, which is a product of performance, quality and availability. This execution will enhance performance as well as production by mitigating the faults in the processes, operations and activities.This study presents overall equipment effectiveness as a metric approach for measuring performance. Since limited literature is available regarding overall equipment effectiveness implementation in the processing units in India; there is great scope of this study and its benefits. This study will enhance the knowledge of the stakeholders as well as researchers and will encourage overall equipment effectiveness implementation in this sector.
Incidence of syphilis infection and syphilis-related care utilization among adolescents and young adults living with HIV
Authors: Bonett Stephen , Tam Vicky , Singapur Anjali , Min Jungwon , Koenig Helen C , Wood Sarah M 
Published: November 2021

Background Incidence of syphilis has been rising in recent years and disproportionately affects young adults, racial/ethnic minority men, and people living with HIV. This study describes patterns of syphilis infection and syphilis-related care utilization among adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYALH) in Philadelphia. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of AYALH receiving care at an adolescent-specialty clinic who received a syphilis test and/or benzathine penicillin for syphilis treatment from 2011 to 2018 ( N = 335). Syphilis incidence rates were calculated by baseline demographic characteristics and by calendar year. Recurrent survival analysis was used to explore how demographic and neighborhood-level factors were associated with incident syphilis and syphilis-related care utilization. Results Syphilis-related care was provided 145 times and there were 109 episodes of confirmed syphilis among 83 unique participants between 2011 and 2018. The overall syphilis incidence rate was 13.50 (95% CI: 10.9–16.5) cases per hundred person-years. Participants assigned male sex at birth had higher hazards of infection (HR: 6.12, 95% CI: 1.53–24.48), while older participants (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.58–0.72) and those living further from the clinic had lower hazards of infection (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94–1.00). Race, insurance status, neighborhood diversity index, and neighborhood social disadvantage index were not associated with hazard of infection or syphilis-related care utilization. Conclusions Our study found high incidence of syphilis infection among a cohort of AYALH. Integrating comprehensive sexually transmitted infection prevention services into HIV care and improving syphilis prevention services in communities with high syphilis rates should be a priority in future intervention work.
The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Job Satisfaction and Organisational Commitment Among Hospital Staff: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hussain Mohammad Kamal , Khayat Rayan Abdullah M. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Improving quality of relationship among hospital staff and leaders is a necessity to increase levels of job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Transformational leadership style has become an ideal practical solution that can resolve these dilemmas and enhance the quality of healthcare services and patients’ safety. This study aims to examine the impact of transformational leadership on job satisfaction and organisational commitment among hospital staff. Methods: The research strategy for this systematic review involves four electronic databases. Empirical peer-reviewed studies that uses quantitative design and that examines the relationship among transformational leadership, job satisfaction and organisational commitment among hospital staff, are included. Studies are evaluated by using a quality assessment tool, and the data extraction table and analysis are completed on the entire included studies. Results: A total of 367 titles and abstracts are screened, yielding 26 studies that are included in this review. The collected variables are analysed to determine the effect of transformational leadership style on job satisfaction and organisational commitment. A total of 19 studies examining the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction ( n = 15) are found to have a positive relationship, while 13 studies examining the relationship between transformational leadership and organisational commitment ( n = 11) are found to have a positive relationship. Conclusion: The results of the review provide evidence that transformational leadership has a great effect on hospital staff and the hospital environment. The transformational leadership style should be universally used in hospitals to increase medical staff job satisfaction and organisational commitment, which may lead to increased productivity, quality of healthcare services and patients’ safety.
Assessing the Social Determinants of Health and Adverse Childhood Experiences in Patients Attending a Children's Hospital Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Program
Authors: Ponton Ethan , Courtemanche Rebecca , Singh Tanjot K. , Duffy Damian , Courtemanche Douglas J. , Loock Christine 
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to describe the social determinants of health (SDoH) for patients receiving multidisciplinary team care in a Cleft Palate-Craniofacial program, develop responsive and consistent processes to include trauma-informed psychosocial histories, promote discussions about additional “non-medical” factors influencing health and surgical outcomes, and demonstrate that these activities are feasible in the context of multidisciplinary patient-provider interactions. Single-site, cross-sectional study using a questionnaire. Participants were recruited from a provincial quaternary care Cleft Palate-Craniofacial program at British Columbia Children's Hospital in Vancouver, BC, Canada. 290 families completed the questionnaire. 34% of families experience significant barriers to accessing primary health care, 51% struggle financially, and 11% scored four or more on the Adverse Childhood Experiences scale. Furthermore, 47% reported not having adequate social support in their lives, and 5% reported not feeling resilient at the time of the survey. Patients with cleft and craniofacial anomalies have complex needs that extend beyond the surgical and medical care they receive. It is critical that all Cleft and Craniofacial teams incorporate social histories into their clinic workflow and be responsive to these additional needs. Discussions surrounding SDoH and adversity are welcomed by families; being involved in the care and decision-making plans is highly valued. Healthcare providers can and should ask about SDoH and advocate for universal access to responsive, site-based, social work support for their patients.
Facial and Cephalometric Features of Individuals With Mucopolysaccharidosis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Carneiro Natália Cristina Ruy , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Milagres Roselaine Moreira Coelho , Amaral Tania Mara Pimenta , Flores-Mir Carlos , Pordeus Isabela Almeida , Borges-Oliveira Ana Cristina 
Published: November 2021

Objective The aim was to assess craniofacial features through facial anthropometric and lateral cephalometry measurements of individuals with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) and compare them with individuals without MPS. Design Cross-sectional study. Patients A total of 14 individuals with MPS and 28 non-MPS age- and sex-matched were enrolled in this study. Methods A clinical facial analysis to evaluate the soft tissues and cephalometric analysis that comprised linear and angular measurements were performed. The calculation of the method error suggested no systematic errors ( p > .05). Random errors for linear and angular measurements were low (less than 0.5° and 1.6 mm). Chi-square test and independent t-test were performed. Results Most individuals with MPS were dolichofacial, presented altered facial proportions with an increased anterior lower facial height (ALFH) and lip incompetence (all p < .05), when compared with non-MPS individuals. Six angular measurements (1s.Na, 1s.NB, FMA, IMPA, AFI, and Po.Or_Go.Me; all p < .05) were significantly increased among individuals with MPS, and two (1s.1i and Ba.N-Ptm.Gn, all p < .05) were significantly decreased among them. Four linear measurements were significantly increased among individuals with MPS (1s-NA, 1i-NB, S-UL, and S-LL; all p < .05) and five (PogN-Perp, Co-A, Co-Gn, Nfa-Nfp, and overbite; all p < .05) were significantly decreased among them. Conclusion In summary, most individuals with MPS were dolichofacial with increased ALFH. Proclined upper and lower incisors, reduced nasopharyngeal space, and reduced overbite was also noted.
Spatiotemporal Expression and Functional Analysis of miRNA-22 in the Developing Secondary Palate
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Partha , Smolenkova Irina , Seelan Ratnam S. , Pisano M. Michele , Greene Robert M. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveNormal development of the embryonic orofacial region requires precise spatiotemporal coordination between numerous genes. MicroRNAs represent small, single-stranded, non-coding molecules that regulate gene expression. This study examines the role of microRNA-22 (miR-22) in murine orofacial ontogeny.MethodsSpatiotemporal and differential expression of miR-22 (mmu-miR-22-3p) within the developing secondary palate was determined by in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. Bioinformatic approaches were used to predict potential mRNA targets of miR-22 and analyze their association with cellular functions indispensable for normal orofacial ontogeny. An in vitro palate organ culture system was used to assess the role of miR-22 in secondary palate development.ResultsThere was a progressive increase in miR-22 expression from GD12.5 to GD14.5 in palatal processes. On GD12.5 and GD13.5, miR-22 was expressed in the future oral, nasal, and medial edge epithelia. On GD14.5, miR-22 expression was observed in the residual midline epithelial seam (MES), the nasal epithelium and the mesenchyme, but not in the oral epithelium. Inhibition of miR-22 activity in palate organ cultures resulted in failure of MES removal. Bioinformatic analyses revealed potential mRNA targets of miR-22 that may play significant roles in regulating apoptosis, migration, and/or convergence/extrusion, developmental processes that modulate MES removal during palatogenesis.ConclusionsResults from the current study suggest a key role for miR-22 in the removal of the MES during palatogenesis and that miR-22 may represent a potential contributor to the etiology of cleft palate.
Venous Thromboembolism in Japanese Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Suzuki Takahito , Hori Reina , Takeuchi Kazutaka , Yamamura Ryo , Katoh Hiromasa , Noji Yoshihiro , Yamaguchi Masato , Fujino Susumu 
Published: November 2021

Objective Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Japan. Previous studies from other countries have reported venous thromboembolism prevalence rates of 12 to 36% in patients with pancreatic cancer. In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of VTE in patients with PDAC in Japan and compare the characteristics of patients with and without VTE. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, clinicopathological characteristics of patients with and without concomitant VTE were compared. Patients Patients with PDAC treated at Fukui Prefectural Hospital, Japan from 2010 to 2019. Results The 1-year survival rate of all patients with pancreatic cancer was 40.7%. Among 432 patients with PDAC, 31 developed VTE. Seventeen (55%) patients received anticoagulant therapy. Compared with the non-VTE group, the VTE group had significantly more patients whose body mass index was >25 kg/m² ( p = .035) and had a significantly higher rate of chemotherapy ( p = .024). There was no significant difference in median survival time from PDAC diagnosis between the VTE and non-VTE groups. The 6-month mortality rate after VTE diagnosis was 54.8%. PDAC-related death was the most frequent cause of death, and thrombus-related death was not observed. Conclusion Several baseline characteristics differed between patients with and without VTE. The incidence of VTE in patients with PDAC is high. However, because the prognosis of PDAC itself remains quite poor, VTE may not have a significant effect on prognosis.
Gender Differences do not Influence the Blood Coagulopathy in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Thromboelastography Analysis
Authors: Jin Wang-yi , Pang Yong , Zhang Xing-chen , Peng Da-lin , Yan Zi-wen , Pan Sheng , Huang Chao-ran , Guo Kai-jin , Zheng Xin 
Published: November 2021

Objective Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the severe complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Gender has been considered to influence the incidence of the thrombosis formation in TKA patients. However, it remains controversial which gender would be more prone to form thrombosis. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of gender differences on coagulation status after TKA via the thromboelastography (TEG). Methods A total of 57 male patients who underwent primary TKA from September 2015 to January 2021 were included in this study. According to the matching principle of age, body mass index (BMI), and anticoagulation treatment, 60 female patients were selected. The conventional coagulation tests, routine blood tests, and thromboelastography were conducted before the operation, 1 day and 7 days after the operation. In addition, Doppler ultrasound was also performed 1 day before the operation and at the 7 days after the operation. The parameters of conventional coagulation tests, routine blood tests, and thromboelastography were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the blood transfusion rate, the incidence of DVT during the perioperative period, D-dimer (D-D), fibrin degradation products (FDP), hemoglobin (HB), hematocrit (HCT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) at any corresponding time point between the male group and the female group ( P > .05). There were no significant differences in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) preoperatively; however, there were significant differences in NLR 1 day after the surgery and 7 days after the surgery between the two groups ( P < .05). There were significant differences in reaction time (R) and α angle 1 day after the surgery between the two groups ( P < .05), but there were no significant differences in other TEG indexes at any corresponding time point between the two groups ( P > .05). Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that gender, age, BMI, tourniquet application time were not independent predictors ( P > .05). Conclusion Gender differences have no significant influence in TKA patients with regard to conventional coagulation tests and thromboelastography.