bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare deleterious de novo missense variants in Rnf2/Ring2 are associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder with unique clinical features
Authors: Luo Xi , Schoch Kelly , Jangam Sharayu V , Bhavana Venkata Hemanjani , Graves Hillary K , Kansagra Sujay , Jasien Joan M , Stong Nicholas , Keren Boris , Mignot Cyril , Ravelli Claudia ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Bellen Hugo J , Wangler Michael F , Shashi Vandana , Yamamoto Shinya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Polycomb group (PcG) gene RNF2 (RING2) encodes a catalytic subunit of the Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), an evolutionarily conserved machinery that post-translationally modifies chromatin to maintain epigenetic transcriptional repressive states of target genes including Hox genes. Here, we describe two individuals, each with rare de novo missense variants in RNF2. Their phenotypes include intrauterine growth retardation, severe intellectual disabilities, behavioral problems, seizures, feeding difficulties and dysmorphic features. Population genomics data suggest that RNF2 is highly constrained for loss-of-function (LoF) and missense variants, and both p.R70H and p.S82R variants have not been reported to date. Structural analyses of the two alleles indicate that these changes likely impact the interaction between RNF2 and BMI1, another PRC1 subunit or its substrate Histone H2A, respectively. Finally, we provide functional data in Drosophila that these two missense variants behave as LoF alleles in vivo. The evidence provide support for deleterious alleles in RNF2 being associated with a new and recognizable genetic disorder. This tentative gene-disease association in addition to the 12 previously identified disorders caused by PcG genes attests to the importance of these chromatin regulators in Mendelian disorders.
Neoclassical Realism in Japan’s Space Security
Authors: Pekkanen Saadia M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Japan’s space security commands attention as the country shifts toward internationalism in a world returned to great power competition. Using the framing from neoclassical realism, this article discusses the ways in which Japan has adjusted both its internal portfolio and its external postures to balance against perceived threats in outer space. While neoclassical realism is foundational for understanding what motivates, empowers, and constrains states in the space domain, the article also layers in the importance of international law to the conduct of statecraft within it. Doing so gives us a more holistic understanding of the material, legal, and normative evolution of Japan’s winding space trajectories. Although Japan’s Basic Space Law of 2008 is seen as a watershed event for legal and policy purposes, the law merely caught up with the extraordinary quality and range of Japan’s long-evolving dual-use space technologies. It is these autonomous foundations that empower Japan to pursue three distinct strategies in its interest—counterspace capabilities, organizational changes, and space diplomacy—with implications for both rivals and allies in a changed world order.
Multimethod Assessment of Personality and Psychopathology
Authors: Bornstein Robert F. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Multimethod assessment of personality and psychopathology plays a central role in diagnosis, treatment planning, and risk management. This chapter presents an evidence-based framework for multimethod assessment of personality and psychopathology in clinical and research settings, with an emphasis on test score integration. To implement this framework the clinician must: (a) understand the intra- and interpersonal processes that underlie different assessment methods; (b) interpret meaningful test score divergences as well as convergences; and (c) contextualize work in this area using ideas and findings from beyond clinical psychology. Following a discussion of major personality and psychopathology assessment tools and the intra- and interpersonal dynamics that influence responses to interviews, self-attribution tests (which have traditionally been identified as objective or self-report tests), and stimulus-attribution measures (traditionally labeled projective tests), conceptual, clinical, and empirical implications of current findings in this area are discussed. A template for multimethod assessment in clinical settings is presented, using personality pathology as an exemplar. A multimethod, process-focused approach to test score validation is described, which yields separate indices of outcome-focused and process-focused validity. Finally, the principles of multimethod assessment are applied to emerging models of personality and psychopathology.
Riot Grrrl
Authors: Keenan Elizabeth K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Since about 2010, Riot Grrrl has re-entered the public consciousness in ways that draw on nostalgia and display a desire to craft feminist histories. From reunion tours to the establishment of an archival presence in the academy, the Riot Grrrl resurgence has helped to establish the movement as an essential moment both in the founding of third-wave feminism and in the history of women in punk rock. In the process of historicization, academics and journalists have at times overemphasized Riot Grrrl’s political force, and at others struggled to address its failings, particularly around race, class, and elitism, that have shaped the movement from its beginnings. Drawing on feminist archive theory and theories of nostalgia, this chapter questions the political nature of remembering Riot Grrrl in the present day and addresses the juncture where the now-popular production of 1990s nostalgia intersects with the feminist historiography of the third wave.
Convergence in Human Resource Management
Authors: Mayrhofer Wolfgang , Brewster Chris , Pernkopf Katharina 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter takes the contextual view of human resource management (HRM) and its challenge to the universalistic perspective that is explored in the preceding chapters and adds the element of time. How does time change the relationship between countries in their way of managing HRM? Including time leads to a question that goes beyond snapshot views of how various aspects of context at different levels relate to HRM: How do these relationships and their effects develop as the years go by? The chapter addresses the notion of convergence in three steps. First, it examines a range of conceptual views about what convergence means in different theoretical traditions and discourses. Second, and based on that examination, it offers a balanced overview of the conceptual and empirical evidence about how HRM has been developing in different contextual settings over time, teasing out what we know for sure and what is still open for speculation. Third, the chapter outlines some promising options for future research at the conceptual, empirical, and practical levels.
Human Resource Management in the Anglo-Saxon Countries
Authors: Wood Geoffrey , Brewster Chris 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Anglo-Saxon countries or the liberal market economies are just about the only example of a country grouping that both the cultural theories and the comparative institutional theories agree on. Culturally, these countries are characterized by low power distance, high individualism, and low uncertainty avoidance. Institutionally, these countries have shared legal origins (common law) and specific political systems (first-past-the-post in most instances). They are the stock market capitalist, liberal market, or compartmentalized capitalist countries. They are characterized by powerful private property rights, lesser rights for other stakeholders, and government being less interested in supporting stakeholder rights, with commensurate suspicion of government involvement (other than in respect of bailouts of politically connected insider corporations) and taxation. Competition is depicted as unalloyed good, even if in practice such markets are often characterized by powerful oligopolies. This is important because the original theories of management and of human resource management, most of the research, and much of the current thinking in these areas come from the United States of America; most of the largest management consultancies have their headquarters or draw their inspiration from the United States; and academic teaching and publication follow the United States. There have, however, been debates about how cohesive and consistent the Anglo-Saxon category is and precisely how the implications for human resource management are manifested in each country.
Narratives of Progress and Les Ballets Jazz De Montréal
Authors: Templeton Melissa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter offers Les Ballets Jazz de Montréal as a challenge to historical narratives that identify the contemporary moment through a lens of liberal progress. While there may be some validity to scholarship that sees the ballet performed today as increasingly inclusive, ethnically diverse, and culturally sensitive, Les Ballets Jazz de Montréal’s historical trajectory is not a move toward multicultural inclusivity, but rather a renewing of racist imagery and a continual struggle to legitimize itself by strengthening its connection to Europeanist aesthetics. Using the company’s past as a lens for thinking about historiography, this chapter studies Les Ballets Jazz de Montréal to disrupt linear narratives that connect the evolution of contemporary ballet to notions of multicultural advancement.
Mark Morris
Authors: Kourlas Gia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Mark Morris has consistently created sophisticated ballets full of nuance, restraint, and musicality. Though he is known best as a modern dance choreographer, his ballets constitute an important part of his creative power. This chapter examines his works created for companies including American Ballet Theatre (ABT) and San Francisco Ballet; pays homage to his collaborative relationship with the designer Isaac Mizrahi; and includes the insight of several of the dancers who graced his ballets, including Mikhail Baryshnikov, who commissioned Morris’s first work for ABT: Drink to Me Only with Thine Eyes. Such interviews reveal Morris’s influence beyond the stage. When considered as a whole, the ballets, exceptional for their individual look and temperament, remain timeless: they celebrate the beauty of unaffected dancing.
Models of Administrative Justice
Authors: Mashaw Jerry L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractConsiderable scholarship over the past several decades has been devoted to exploring ‘models’ of administrative justice. By ‘model’ most authors seem to mean a particular administrative justice regime’s central characteristics such as its epistemological presuppositions, institutional structure, procedure commitments, and legitimating norms. This chapter explores that literature by describing alternative model-building efforts, critical commentary on existing models, and some applications of various models to illuminate and critique administrative justice practices in ongoing administrative systems. The chapter concludes with a simple suggestion concerning the stance that one should take in analysing or critiquing any particular approach to model building as an analytic tool. In my view the purpose of model building is straightforward: models of administrative justice allow us to specify the dimensions of administrative justice that are of interest and to structure investigation either of particular administrative practices or of the characteristic approaches of a society or a legal culture. Whether a particular model or set of models, or a particular approach to building them, is useful depends upon what an analyst is trying to do and the degree to which the models constructed or deployed contribute to the success of that project.
Prosecuting Race and Adolescence
Authors: Henning Kristin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The U.S. Supreme Court has explicitly recognized adolescents’ developmental immaturity and potential for rehabilitation as a significant mitigating factor in criminal cases. Yet, persistent racial disparities at all stages of the juvenile and criminal legal systems suggest that key principles of adolescent development are not applied equitably across race and class. Racial stereotypes that portray youth of color as inherently dangerous negatively affect judgments about adolescent maturity, culpability, risk of recidivism, and deserved punishment. As gatekeepers of juvenile court jurisdiction, prosecutors have a unique opportunity to identify and resist explicit and implicit racial bias in the system and insist upon developmental equity for all youth. This chapter draws upon recent findings in developmental psychology and the cognitive science of bias to offer a framework that will improve prosecutorial decision-making, enhance public safety, and help all youth achieve a healthy and productive transition to adulthood.
Electronic Waste and Environmental Justice
Authors: Pellow David N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter offers a review of the interdisciplinary literatures on electronic waste (e-waste) from an environmental justice perspective. Specifically, the author explores how e-waste reflects dynamic changes in the ways that the materiality of digital media intersects with ecological concerns and social inequalities. The author draws on several examples of e-waste production, reuse, recycling, and export around the globe as illustrations of these tensions. The author also discusses the ways that grassroots social movements and policy makers have responded to this crisis. Finally, the chapter considers a number of debates about the changing character of environmental justice struggles in the e-waste industry and workplaces.
Journalism in the Age of Twitter
Authors: Barnard Stephen R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter critically examines Twitter’s journalistic significance, taking stock of the myriad ways the platform has shaped media work and grappling with what implications this has had for the journalistic field. After reviewing some of the most salient sociological contributions to the study of journalism before social media, the chapter offers an evaluation of Twitter’s popularity among journalists and an assessment of its implications for the profession as well as scholarship on it. Then, it looks beyond Twitter and journalism to examine how the emerging hybrid media system has loosened the profession’s control over information, which has led to fundamental shifts in the relationship between the journalistic and political fields. Thus, in addition to providing a detailed assessment of what sociological accounts reveal about the practice of journalism, the chapter shows how recent scholarship has complicated those understandings by revealing how shifting norms and field boundaries lead to new questions and discoveries about the profession as well as its role in the public sphere. The chapter concludes by offering some reflections on the state of the field as well as some suggestions to help guide future research.
The Evolution of Music
Authors: Till Rupert 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter explores how the representation of music has developed within human cultures. It begins by discussing the soundscapes of prehistoric landscapes, in order to better understand the acoustic ecologies of the past. This is followed by investigating the role of music within societies, addressing how music interacts with work, ritual, and trance. Discussion of lithophones, drums, and dancing is followed by addressing bone pipes, the earliest musical instrument archaeologists found, exploring music as technology for socialization and community. Bronze horns in Europe such as the Carnyx and Greek and Roman music provide evidence of complex technological processes applied to music making, showing an increasing sophistication in the use of technology to create sonic meanings. The paper concludes that the representation of meaning in sound through an aural symbolic language, combines semiotics and embodied knowledge in complex networks of understanding that play a significant role in human cultures.
Symbolism and Archaeoastronomy in Prehistory
Authors: Silva Fabio , Pimenta Fernando , Tirapicos Luís 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter explores the symbolic and conceptual relations between prehistoric groups and the sky. The study of how people engage with the sky is known as cultural astronomy, a term that comprises any field concerned with sky and culture, including archaeoastronomy. The latter focuses on analyzing the archaeological record for evidence of past skyscapes, i.e., past forms of engagement with the celestial objects, and how they would feature in the world views of the societies under study. The chapter discusses six case studies from the Western part of the Iberian Peninsula that are representative of prehistoric contexts found in other parts of the world. They illustrate how prehistoric skyscapes provided not only spatial axes for the construction of structures that align to celestial objects and events but, more importantly, how such alignments served as temporal anchors moored to key environmental, social, and symbolic moments of transition.
Visual Culture
Authors: Rosser Gervase 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The chapter first reviews an old assumption that the ‘realism’ of Dante must have responded to the ‘naturalism’ of Giotto and other contemporary artists. Taken simply, this assumption is naïve and valueless. The chapter proceeds to consider the contrary view, now more prevalent, that in the Commedia Dante’s visionary mind detached itself from material images, rendering these irrelevant. This attitude is also problematized, in the light of Dante’s persistent use of visual imagery in ways which complicate the assumed distinction between words and images. Selected fourteenth-century paintings are cited to demonstrate how certain painters, like Dante in his poetry, were capable of working simultaneously in more than one register, with deliberate intent to bring the audience first into lively engagement with a naturalistically realized scene, and then to disturb that recognition, prompting awareness of a truth which lies beyond the surface. Both Dante and these artists engaged the same challenge, and deployed equivalent means.
Philosophy and Theology
Authors: Porro Pasquale 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Dante’s philosophical and theological interests, starting from the poet’s account of the genesis of his love for philosophy in the second treatise of the Convivio. The circumstances of Dante’s philosophical formation are recalled, together with the Convivio’s main themes. This latter work is presented and discussed as a bold project of philosophical dissemination in the vernacular aimed, in almost messianic tones, at bringing to completion the natural desire for knowledge in which the ultimate human happiness consists. Particular attention is also paid to the limits of this project, in terms of both its recipients and its content. Dante’s relationship with the Averroistic tradition, the medical and physiognomic approach to the question of nobility, and the persistence of some genuinely philosophical themes in the context of the poetic theology of the Commedia are also examined.
The Manuscript Tradition, or on Editing Dante
Authors: Zinelli Fabio 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The editions of Dante’s works represent as many responses as there are questions raised by their peculiar manuscript tradition. This chapter discusses the methodological procedures of the main editorial enterprises related to Dante’s vernacular works and the results achieved by these enterprises. It also addresses the tradition of the Latin works. It discusses the geographical dissemination of manuscripts and the value of local traditions insofar as they help us find a way out of the complicated tradition of the Commedia and of the Rime. The chapter also investigates the ways in which the tradition bears marks of authorship, focusing on such problems as the debated existence in manuscripts of a ‘song book’ planned by Dante himself or on the possible authorial chapter division of the Vita Nova. Dante’s philology is always an ‘author-oriented’ philology showing at its best to what extent philology and hermeneutics can reinforce one another.
Modernist Dante
Authors: Caselli Daniela 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter traces a history of Dante’s reception in anglophone literature between the 1870s and the 1950s. It acknowledges his importance in Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, and James Joyce, but engages more closely with Samuel Beckett, Djuna Barnes, and Virginia Woolf. It shows that the modernist Dante that emerges from these authors’ work is both a formal and political one: recruited as an anti-authoritarian voice from the past and seen anew from feminist and queer perspectives, this is not a twenty-first century Dante forced against his will to virtue-signal, however; on the contrary, this is a Dante anachronistically familiar with key ‘vices’ of twentieth-century authors, readers and commentators. Focusing on sullenness, resistance, and fatigue, the chapter argues for a new understanding of modernist experiments with Dante’s political and formal complexity that refuse to use him as a ‘code or a weapon […] to crush someone’, as Dorothy Richardson put it.
Dante and the Performing Arts
Authors: Arqués Corominas Rossend 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter explores the reception of Dante in the performing arts, especially the Commedia. The first part outlines public readings of Dante, from Boccaccio to the present day (Benigni, Bene, etc.) via fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Florence. It also revisits Gustavo Modena and other nineteenth-century patriotic actors. The second part offers a chronology of the presence of Dante’s work in the theatrical field in three periods: the nineteenth century with Francesca da Rimini and some other characters from the Commedia who occupy a prominent place in the theatre scene and European opera—especially in works by Pellico and D’Annunzio; the turn of the century, when the pre-Raphaelite and symbolist Beatrice from Vita nuova gains more prominence; and the second half of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first, with a focus on dance, music, and theatre.
Digital Dante
Authors: Kumar Akash 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter considers the intersection of Dante and digital humanities by means of historical perspective, a broad survey of the field as it has developed over the past few decades, and an extended look at recent trends in developing projects. Attention is given to how and why Dante has emerged as a particular point of contact between the digital and humanistic, as well as to issues of the canon that can be both reinforced by digital projects and subverted by drawing attention to other voices and works within the tradition. This chapter also provides an extended look from within at the recent development and elaboration of Columbia University’s Digital Dante, seeking to point the way to future work and new paradigms of digital exploration in the world of Dante.