bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of The Rotation and A Magnetic Field on The Mixed Convection Heat Transfer Analysis for The Peristaltic Transport of Viscoplastic Fluid Through A Porous Medium in Asymmetric Channel
Authors: Mohaisen Hatem Nahi , Abdalhadi Ahmed M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study the impact of the variable rotation, magnetic field and different variable such as the rate flow, Grashof number, Bingham number, Brinkman number, density, viscosity and …etc, on the mixed convection heat transfer analysis for the peristaltic transport of viscoplastic fluid through the porous medium, consideration small Reynolds number and long wavelength, peristaltic transport in asymmetric channel tapered horizontal channel and possess to different amplitude and phases difference. Series solutions for the axial velocity, stream function, stress at the upper and lower channels, temperature and pressure gradient. The impact of parameters discussion and illustrated graphically through the set of figures.
SOME RESULTS ON T_PURE SUBMODULES RELATED TO SUBMODULE
Authors: Al-Hassani Uhood S. , Mohammed Ali Muna Jasim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The aim of this work is studying many concepts of a pure submodule related to sub-module L and introducing the two concepts, T_pure submodule related to submodule and the crossing property of T_pure related to submodule. Another characterizations and study some properties of this concept.
Multivariable analysis for selection of natural fibers as fillers for a sustainable food packaging industry
Authors: Ali Hafiz T , Alghtani Abdulaziz H , Felemban Bassem F , Abd El-Aziz Kh , Saber D , Ahmed Emad M , Megahed M , Fotouhi Mohamad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere is a rising demand for advanced new materials in food packaging to meet the growing economic and sustainability requirements. Natural fibers have excellent mechanical and thermal isolation properties and lower production costs than synthetic fibers, making them suitable candidates for the development of sustainable food packaging. Other characteristics of natural fibers, i.e., low cost, easy availability, and low impact on the environment, making these materials a promising option for food packaging. The primary focus of this study is to utilize multivariable analysis, an analytic hierarchy process and a multi-criteria decision analysis to select appropriate natural fiber reinforcement for food packaging from commonly used plant fibers (coir, date palm, hemp, sisal, jute, flax, corn stalk, banana, bamboo, cotton). The multivariable selection system is used to compare crucial food packaging materials’ requirements and production parameters gathered different properties including density, Young modulus, elongation to break, moisture content, thermal conductivity, cost, availability, etc, to help identify appropriate natural fibers. From the results, selecting the most appropriate natural fiber depends on the design requirements, cost, and availability; all these parameters are also affected by the geological conditions and customer needs. Single parameter comparison is used to compare the investigated natural fiber; then analytic hierarchy process is used to rank the highest priority parameters for the natural fiber selection process. The results showed that density (22%), cost (13.6%), moisture content (11.7%), thermal conductivity (10.7%), elongation at break (7.7%), and Young modulus (7.4%) are rated in the order of priority. Hemp, banana and sisal fibers are ranked as the best choices for the food packaging by the multi-criteria decision analysis, i.e. TOPSIS. Examples are presented considering the multivariable analysis using radar charts to identify the best natural fibers source for countries such as Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and India. Date palm is a preferred natural fiber source for food packaging reinforcement in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, whereas bamboo and jute are better choices for India and Bangladesh.
Efficacy and Safety of Anticonvulsants for the Inpatient Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Rojo-Mira Jenny , Pineda-Álvarez Mateo , Zapata-Ospina Juan P 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo examine the efficacy and safety of antiepileptic drugs (AED) for the inpatient treatment of patients with moderate to severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS).MethodsWe searched in databases and gray literature to include randomized controlled clinical trials in adults that compare the use of AED versus placebo or any other medication. Studies that did not specify severity or were performed on an outpatient basis were excluded. The outcomes were improvement of symptoms, delirium tremens, seizures and adverse events. Two researchers independently selected the references, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. A qualitative synthesis was made and, when the heterogeneity was mild or moderate, a meta-analysis was performed. The quality of the evidence obtained was evaluated with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool.ResultsIn total, 26 studies with 1709 patients were included. No benefit is described in withdrawal syndrome severity measured by scales or in the development of delirium tremens. The only possible meta-analysis showed that there are no differences in the incidence of seizures (risk ratio [RR] = 1.0; confidence interval (CI) 95% 0.76–1.33), even when compared with placebo (RR = 0.95; CI95% 0.57–1.57). There were also no differences in adverse events, although a higher proportion of some mild cases were described with the use of carbamazepine and valproic acid.ConclusionsThe routine use of AED is not suggested in the treatment of patients with moderate or severe AWS unless indicated for comorbidity (weak recommendation against using moderate quality of evidence).
FROGS: a powerful tool to analyse the diversity of fungi with special management of internal transcribed spacers
Authors: Bernard Maria , Rué Olivier , Mariadassou Mahendra , Pascal Géraldine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFungi are present in all environments. They fulfil important ecological functions and play a crucial role in the food industry. Their accurate characterization is thus indispensable, particularly through metabarcoding. The most frequently used markers to monitor fungi are ITSs. These markers are the best documented in public databases but have one main weakness: polymerase chain reaction amplification may produce non-overlapping reads in a significant fraction of the fungi. When these reads are filtered out, traditional metabarcoding pipelines lose part of the information and consequently produce biased pictures of the composition and structure of the environment under study. We developed a solution that enables processing of the entire set of reads including both overlapping and non-overlapping, thus providing a more accurate picture of fungal communities. Our comparative tests using simulated and real data demonstrated the effectiveness of our solution, which can be used by both experts and non-specialists on a command line or through the Galaxy-based web interface.
Platelet-rich plasma versus steroids injections for greater trochanter pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Kader Nardeen , Eschweiler Jörg , Tingart Markus , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Greater trochanter pain syndrome (GTPS) is characterized by a persistent and debilitating pain around the greater trochanter. GTPS can be caused by a combination of gluteus medius or minimus tendinopathy, snapping hip or trochanteric bursitis.

Source of data
Recent published literatures identified from PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus.

Areas of agreement
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) and corticosteroids (CCS) injections are useful options to manage symptoms of GTPS.

Areas of controversy
Whether PRP leads to superior outcomes compared to CCS injections is unclear.

Growing points
A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing PRP versus CCS in the management of GTPS was conducted.

Areas timely for developing research
PRP injections are more effective than CCS at approximately 2 years follow-up.
Garcinia kola improves cognitive and motor function of a rat model of acute radiation syndrome in the elevated plus maze
Authors: Ahidjo Nene , Ngarka Leonard , Seke Etet Paul F , Njamnshi Wepnyu Y , Nfor Leonard N , Mengnjo Michel K , Basseguin Atchou Jonas G , Mouofo Edmond N , Tatah Godwin Y , Dong A Zok Faustin , Ngadjui Bonaventure T , Ngwa Wilfred , Njamnshi Alfred K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We reported recently that the elevated plus maze is a good tool for evaluating cognitive and motor functional changes in gamma-irradiated rats as a model for new drug evaluation and monitoring. The capacity of Garcinia kola to mitigate radiation-induced brain injury is currently unknown. We therefore assessed the effects of the neuroprotective medicinal plant Garcinia kola, on the cognitive and motor changes in this murine model of acute radiation syndrome. Wistar rats exposed once to an ionizing dose of Tc99m-generated Gamma radiation were treated with an ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract of Garcinia kola seeds (content of 100 mg/kg of extract) for 9 weeks. Cognitive and motor function indicators were assessed in the elevated plus maze in these animals and compared with irradiated control groups (vitamin C- and vehicle-treated groups) and the non-irradiated control rats. The irradiated control group displayed cachexia, shaggy and dirty fur, porphyrin deposits around eyes, decreased exploratory activity, reduced social interactions and a loss of thigmotaxis revealed by a marked decrease in rearing episodes and stretch attend posture episodes close to the walls of elevated plus maze closed arm, an increased central platform time, and decreases in open arm time and entries. This group further displayed a decrease in head dips and grooming episodes. Treatment with Garcinia kola, and in a lesser extent vitamin C, significantly prevented the body weight loss (P &lt; 0.001) and mitigated the development of elevated plus maze signs of cognitive and motor affections observed in the irradiated control group (P &lt; 0.05). Altogether, our data suggest for the first time that Garcinia kola seeds have protective properties against the development of cognitive and motor decline in the acute radiation syndrome-like context. Future studies are warranted to characterize the molecular mechanisms and neuronal networks of this action.
Vaccine-Preventable Disease Incidence Based on Clinically, Radiologically, and Etiologically Confirmed Outcomes: Systematic Literature Review and Re-analysis of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Efficacy Trials
Authors: Bollaerts Kaatje , Fletcher Mark A , Suaya Jose A , Hanquet Germaine , Baay Marc , Gessner Bradford D 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Vaccine regulatory decision making is based on vaccine efficacy against etiologically confirmed outcomes, which may underestimate the preventable disease burden. To quantify this underestimation, we compared vaccine-preventable disease incidence (VPDI) of clinically defined outcomes with radiologically/etiologically confirmed outcomes.

Methods
We performed a systematic review of efficacy trials for several vaccines (1997–2019) and report results for pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Data were extracted for outcomes within a clinical syndrome, organized from most sensitive to most specific. VPDI was determined for each outcome, and VPDI ratios were calculated, with a clinically defined outcome (numerator) and a radiologically/etiologically confirmed outcome (denominator).

Results
Among 9 studies, we calculated 27 VPDI ratios; 24 had a value &gt;1. Among children, VPDI ratios for clinically defined versus vaccine serotype otitis media were 0.6 (95% CI not calculable), 2.1 (1.5–3.0), and 3.7 (1.0–10.2); the VPDI ratios comparing clinically defined with radiologically confirmed pneumonia ranged from not calculable to 2.7 (1.2–10.4); the VPDI ratio comparing clinically suspected invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) with laboratory-confirmed IPD was 3.8 (95% CI not calculable). Among adults, the ratio comparing clinically defined with radiologically confirmed pneumonia was 1.9 (−6.0 to 9.1) and with vaccine serotype–confirmed pneumonia was 2.9 (.5–7.8).

Conclusions
While there is substantial uncertainty around individual point estimates, there is a consistent trend in VPDI ratios, most commonly showing under-ascertainment of 1.5- to 4-fold, indicating that use of clinically defined outcomes is likely to provide a more accurate estimate of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine’s public health value.
The rescue snared wire technique for challenging transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation: a case series of two patients
Authors: Tarantini Giuseppe , Massussi Mauro , Nai Fovino Luca , Sirico Domenico , Castaldi Biagio 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation (TPVI) is an effective treatment for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) dysfunction. Patients affected by congenital heart disease requiring TPVI may have difficult anatomies, thus making the intervention technically demanding.

Case summary
We report a case series of two patients affected by RVOT dysfunction. Both the cases were characterized by difficulty to advance the valve over the wire, which was successfully overcome by the application of the snared wire technique (SWT) to TPVI.

Discussion
Various technical pitfalls and tips have been described to facilitate the delivery of the transcatheter Edwards Sapien valve in the pulmonary position. The SWT described by the authors may be a helpful tool to gain supportiveness and stability of the guidewire during the procedure.
An adult patient with previously undiagnosed sinus venosus atrial septal defect presenting with brain abscess: a case report
Authors: Mathew Navin , Hegde Nischal N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Brain abscess is a common complication in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease. The presence of an underlying acyanotic congenital heart disease is usually not suspected in an adult patient presenting with brain abscess.

Case summary
A 51-year-old male patient with no known co-morbidities came with complaints of recent onset right lower limb weakness needing support while walking and on evaluation was found to have brain abscess. He underwent robotic endoscope assisted endoport excision of the brain abscess. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography showed right atrial and right ventricular dilatation with mild low-pressure tricuspid regurgitation. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) revealed sinus venosus atrial septal defect (ASD) with left-to-right shunt with the right upper pulmonary vein draining into superior vena cava. Contrast echocardiography revealed a small transient right-to-left shunt. He has been advised to undergo elective surgical closure of ASD with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair.

Discussion
Right-to-left shunting in ASDs can occur in the early systole even in the absence of raised pressures in the right side of the heart, even when the predominant shunt is left to right, but the magnitude of such a shunt is small and transient and is easily missed. Contrast echocardiography and TOE should be done as a part of evaluation of patients presenting with brain abscess.
Spatial localization beyond steady states in the neighbourhood of the Takens–Bogdanov bifurcation
Authors: Alrihieli Haifaa , Rucklidge Alastair M , Subramanian Priya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Double-zero eigenvalues at a Takens–Bogdanov (TB) bifurcation occur in many physical systems such as double-diffusive convection, binary convection and magnetoconvection. Analysis of the associated normal form, in 1D with periodic boundary condition, shows the existence of steady patterns, standing waves, modulated waves (MW) and travelling waves, and describes the transitions and bifurcations between these states. Values of coefficients of the terms in the normal form classify all possible different bifurcation scenarios in the neighbourhood of the TB bifurcation (Dangelmayr, G. & Knobloch, E. (1987) The Takens–Bogdanov bifurcation with O(2)-symmetry. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 322, 243-279). In this work we develop a new and simple pattern-forming partial differential equation (PDE) model, based on the Swift–Hohenberg equation, adapted to have the TB normal form at onset. This model allows us to explore the dynamics in a wide range of bifurcation scenarios, including in domains much wider than the lengthscale of the pattern. We identify two bifurcation scenarios in which coexistence between different types of solutions is indicated from the analysis of the normal form equation. In these scenarios, we look for spatially localized solutions by examining pattern formation in wide domains. We are able to recover two types of localized states, that of a localized steady state (LSS) in the background of the trivial state (TS) and that of a spatially localized travelling wave (LTW) in the background of the TS, which have previously been observed in other systems. Additionally, we identify two new types of spatially localized states: that of a LSS in a MW background and that of a LTW in a steady state (SS) background. The PDE model is easy to solve numerically in large domains and so will allow further investigation of pattern formation with a TB bifurcation in one or more dimensions and the exploration of a range of background and foreground pattern combinations beyond SSs.
Generalizing Stretch Lines for Surfaces with Boundary
Authors: Alessandrini Daniele , Disarlo Valentina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In 1986, William Thurston introduced the celebrated (asymmetric) Lipschitz distance on the Teichmüller space of closed or punctured surfaces. We extend his theory to the Teichmüller space of surfaces with boundary endowed with the arc distance. We construct a large family of geodesics for the Teichmüller space of a surface with boundary, generalizing Thurston’s stretch lines. We prove that the Teichmüller space of a surface with boundary is a geodesic and Finsler metric space with respect to the arc distance. As a corollary, we find a new class of geodesics in the Teichmüller space of a closed surface that are not stretch lines in the sense of Thurston.
Antiviral Response Induced by Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 7/TLR8 Activation Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Cord Blood Macrophages
Authors: Pietrobon Anna J , Yoshikawa Fábio S Y , Oliveira Luana M , Pereira Natalli Z , Matozo Tais , de Alencar Bruna C , Duarte Alberto J S , Sato Maria N 
Published: July 2021

AbstractVertical transmission is the main mechanism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in infants, who may develop high viremia and rapidly progress to AIDS. Innate immunity agonists can control HIV-1 replication in vitro, but the protective effect in the neonatal period remains unknown. Herein, we evaluated the immunomodulatory and antiviral effects of type I interferon (IFN-I) adjuvants on cord blood monocyte-derived macrophages upon HIV-1 infection. Despite the phenotypic and transcriptional similarities between cord blood and adult macrophages, cord blood cells were prone to viral replication when infected with HIV-1. However, treatment with CL097 efficiently promoted the antiviral and inflammatory responses and inhibited HIV-1 replication in cord blood cells in an NF-κB and autophagy activation-independent manner. Our data suggest that cord blood macrophages are able to establish antiviral responses induced by IFN-I adjuvants similar to those of their adult counterparts, revealing a potential adjuvant candidate to enhance the neonatal immune response.
Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): A Decade of Research Towards a Sustainable Integrated Pest Management Program
Authors: Tait Gabriella , Mermer Serhan , Stockton Dara , Lee Jana , Avosani Sabina , Abrieux Antoine , Anfora Gianfranco , Beers Elizabeth , Biondi Antonio , Burrack Hannah , Cha Dong , Chiu Joanna C , Choi Man-Yeon , Cloonan Kevin , Crava Cristina M , Daane Kent M , Dalton Daniel T , Diepenbrock Lauren , Fanning Phillip , Ganjisaffar Fatemeh , Gómez Miguel I , Gut Larry , Grassi Alberto , Hamby Kelly , Hoelmer Kim A , Ioriatti Claudio , Isaacs Rufus , Klick Jimmy , Kraft Laura , Loeb Gregory , Rossi-Stacconi Marco Valerio , Nieri Rachele , Pfab Ferdinand , Puppato Simone , Rendon Dalila , Renkema Justin , Rodriguez-Saona Cesar , Rogers Mary , Sassù Fabiana , Schöneberg Torsten , Scott Maxwell J , Seagraves Michael , Sial Ashfaq , Van Timmeren Steven , Wallingford Anna , Wang Xingeng , Yeh D Adeline , Zalom Frank G , Walton Vaughn M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) also known as spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), is a pest native to Southeast Asia. In the last few decades, the pest has expanded its range to affect all major European and American fruit production regions. SWD is a highly adaptive insect that is able to disperse, survive, and flourish under a range of environmental conditions. Infestation by SWD generates both direct and indirect economic impacts through yield losses, shorter shelf life of infested fruit, and increased production costs. Fresh markets, frozen berries, and fruit export programs have been impacted by the pest due to zero tolerance for fruit infestation. As SWD control programs rely heavily on insecticides, exceedance of maximum residue levels (MRLs) has also resulted in crop rejections. The economic impact of SWD has been particularly severe for organic operations, mainly due to the limited availability of effective insecticides. Integrated pest management (IPM) of SWD could significantly reduce chemical inputs but would require substantial changes to horticultural management practices. This review evaluates the most promising methods studied as part of an IPM strategy against SWD across the world. For each of the considered techniques, the effectiveness, impact, sustainability, and stage of development are discussed.
Behavioral Response of the Tropical Bed Bug,Cimex hemipterus(Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Zhang Jingsheng , Liang Qiling , Xia Yanwei , Kong Delong , Wang Changlu , Mo Shujie , He Yurong , Wang Desen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBed bugs (Cimex spp.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) are obligatory blood-sucking insects. Research on their behavioral response to host-derived olfactory cues will be helpful for designing more effective management tools. However, previous studies mainly focused on Cimex lectularius L., while the related studies on Cimex hemipterus (F.) have been rarely reported. In this study, we evaluated the behavioral responses of C. hemipterus to one of the crucial host-derived cues – carbon dioxide (CO2), at various concentrations. Pitfall traps baited with CO2 captured significantly more C. hemipterus (72%) than unbaited ones (28%). In the Y-tube test, bed bugs’ exploratory activity (response rate) gradually decreased (from 70 to 27%) as the CO2 concentration increased (from 0.9 to 14.5%); and bed bugs exhibited a significant attraction to CO2 when the tested CO2 concentrations were between 0.9 and 7.3%. Cimex hemipterus were no longer attracted to CO2 after their antennae or mouthparts or both antennae and mouthparts were removed. In conclusion, C. hemipterus are attracted to CO2, and both antennae and mouthparts are important for CO2 perception.