bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting the quality of diagnosis coding data with a triangulation view: A qualitative study
Authors: Hosseini Nafiseh , Kimiafar Khalil , Mostafavi Sayyed Mostafa , Kiani Behzad , Zendehdel Kazem , Zareiyan Armin , Eslami Saeid 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe most important challenge in utilizing medical record codes is the quality of coding data. The present study aims to investigate factors affecting the quality of diagnosis coding from different aspects covering different stakeholders in a multi‐dimensional approach.MethodsFirst, we used Conventional Content Analysis to maximally gather all effective factors. As such, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with medical record coders (N = 32) at the referral hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. Second, 86 hospital staff members from 25 provinces were surveyed using a web‐based questionnaire. Finally, a focus group discussion was conducted among coders (N = 18) in different hospitals across the country.ResultsIn general, the barriers to quality of inpatient record coding can be classified into three categories: (I) physician‐related, (II) coder‐related, and (III) managerial, financial and administrative factors.ConclusionA triangulation view (related to coders, physicians as well as managerial, financial and administrative dimensions) could be used to identify the barriers affecting the quality of diagnosis coding data. The results of this study may help policymakers in development and implementation of appropriate strategies and effective interventions to improve the quality of clinical coding.
Bioactive and biopassive treatment of poly(ethylene terephthalate) multifilament textile yarns to improve/prevent fibroblast viability
Authors: Santos Morais Diana , Azenha Rodrigues Miguel , Lopes Cláudia , Vaz Filipe , Grenho Liliana , Helena Fernandes Maria , Miranda Guedes Rui , Ascensão Lopes Maria 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo modulate the physicochemical features of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) multifilaments surface composing a complex textile structure (core and shell system), intended to improve upon current implants for high extension injuries of the Achilles tendon or even for its total replacement, two surface treatments with different purposes (bioactive and biopassive) were studied. The first treatment is based on amino groups grafting using ethylenediamine molecules to be applied in the structure core to improve cell adhesion and proliferation. The other treatment relates to a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating to be applied in the structure shell to decrease its coefficient of friction and avoid adhesions. Both treatments were optimized to reach their purposed goals without harming the tensile properties of PET yarns, which were evaluated by static tensile tests. The resazurin assay and scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the purposed goals related to fibroblast adhesion were achieved for both treatments and in the case of PTFE coating, the abrasion resistance was also improved according to the yarn‐on‐yarn abrasion tests.
Cholesterol metabolism is a potential therapeutic target in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Amor Fatima , Vu Hong Ai , Corre Guillaume , Sanson Mathilde , Suel Laurence , Blaie Stephanie , Servais Laurent , Voit Thomas , Richard Isabelle , Israeli David 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal muscle disease detected in approximately 1:5000 male births. DMD is caused by mutations in the DMD gene, encoding a critical protein that links the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix in skeletal and cardiac muscles. The primary consequence of the disrupted link between the extracellular matrix and the myofibre actin cytoskeleton is thought to involve sarcolemma destabilization, perturbation of Ca2+ homeostasis, activation of proteases, mitochondrial damage, and tissue degeneration. A recently emphasized secondary aspect of the dystrophic process is a progressive metabolic change of the dystrophic tissue; however, the mechanism and nature of the metabolic dysregulation are yet poorly understood. In this study, we characterized a molecular mechanism of metabolic perturbation in DMD.MethodsWe sequenced plasma miRNA in a DMD cohort, comprising 54 DMD patients treated or not by glucocorticoid, compared with 27 healthy controls, in three groups of the ages of 4–8, 8–12, and 12–20 years. We developed an original approach for the biological interpretation of miRNA dysregulation and produced a novel hypothesis concerning metabolic perturbation in DMD. We used the mdx mouse model for DMD for the investigation of this hypothesis.ResultsWe identified 96 dysregulated miRNAs (adjusted P‐value <0.1), of which 74 were up‐regulated and 22 were down‐regulated in DMD. We confirmed the dysregulation in DMD of Dystro‐miRs, Cardio‐miRs, and a large number of the DLK1‐DIO3 miRNAs. We also identified numerous dysregulated miRNAs yet unreported in DMD. Bioinformatics analysis of both target and host genes for dysregulated miRNAs predicted that lipid metabolism might be a critical metabolic perturbation in DMD. Investigation of skeletal muscles of the mdx mouse uncovered dysregulation of transcription factors of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism (SREBP‐1 and SREBP‐2), perturbation of the mevalonate pathway, and the accumulation of cholesterol in the dystrophic muscles. Elevated cholesterol level was also found in muscle biopsies of DMD patients. Treatment of mdx mice with Simvastatin, a cholesterol‐reducing agent, normalized these perturbations and partially restored the dystrophic parameters.ConclusionsThis investigation supports that cholesterol metabolism and the mevalonate pathway are potential therapeutic targets in DMD.
Advanced morphological analysis of siloxane‐hydrogel contact lenses
Authors: Ţălu Ştefan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this work is to provide a better understanding of three‐dimensional (3‐D) surface texture of siloxane‐hydrogel contact lenses (CLs) using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and stereometric analysis. The 3‐D surface texture characterization of unworn/worn siloxane‐hydrogel CLs made of Filcon V (I FDA group) was performed with stereometric analysis. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of surface roughness and micromorphology of CLs were made using a Nanoscope V MultiMode (Bruker) in intermittent‐contact mode, in air, on square areas of 5 × 5 μm. Stereometric study of 3‐D surface texture was made according with ISO 25178‐2:2012 for CLrins (taken from the blister and rinsed with deionized water); CLss (preserved for 12 hr in saline solution and rinsed with deionized water); CLworn‐smooth (worn for 8 hr and presenting the smooth type morphology), and CLworn‐sharp (worn for 8 hr and presenting the sharp‐type morphology). The 3‐D surface texture of siloxane‐hydrogel CLs was found to have specific morphological characteristics. Statistical parameters revealed local geometrical and morphological spatial structures at nanometer scale attributed to the specific interactions at the CLs surface. Before wear, the surface micromorphology of Filcon V CLs is regular with uniformly distributed microasperities and relatively small heights (Sq = 0.6 nm). After 12 hr in saline, it is found that the micromorphology changes relatively easily, but retaining the main morphological characteristics (Sq = 1.2 nm). After 8 hr of wear, there are two typical micromorphologies: smooth type, characterized by gutter structures and isolated microasperities (Sq = 2.5 nm), while the sharp type has an appearance with compactly arranged microasperities of hill type flanked by compactly arranged microregions of valley type (Sq = 2.2 nm). Surface statistical parameters allow manufacturers in developing the next generation of CLs with improved surface texture while improving biocompatibility and minimizing the impact of the material on corneal physiology. Furthermore, the micro‐elastohydrodynamic lubrication due to surface texture at a nanometer scale between the back surface of the CL with the corneal surface and the front surface of the CL with the under‐surface of the eyelid can be deeper and more nuanced to understand in light of modern tribological theories.
Fibroscan® probe selection for lean adults
Authors: Stadlbauer Vanessa , Negrean Iohanes , Posch Andreas , Streit Andrea , Feldbacher Nicole , Stauber Rudolf E , Horvath Angela 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground and AimFibroscan® is used to assess fibrosis and steatosis of the liver noninvasively. The company suggests to use the S+‐probe in people <18 years with a thoracic circumference (TC) between 45 and 75 cm and the M+‐probe in children with a TC >75 cm and adults with a skin–liver capsule distance <2.5 cm. For lean adults with a TC ≤75 cm, no comparative studies have been performed. Furthermore, it is unclear whether lean adults need to be fasted before assessment.MethodsWe compared liver stiffness (LS) using Fibroscan® S+‐ and M+‐probes and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP; only available for M+‐probe) in healthy volunteers with a TC ≤75 cm compared with those with a TC >75 cm in fasting state and after intake of a standardized light meal (300 kcal).ResultsWe examined 50 volunteers (26 female, 24 ± 3 years). Twenty‐two participants were in the TC ≤75 cm group and 28 in TC >75 cm group. LS values with the S+‐probe were 15% higher than with the M+‐probe in both groups (median difference 0.6 kPa, P < 0.001). Both probes showed good agreement with minimal bias (Spearman correlation r = 0.754, P < 0.001; Interclass Correlation Coefficient 0.843, P < 0.001; Bland–Altman bias 0.6 ± 0.9 kPa, linear regression r2 = 0.557, P < 0.001). Intake of a light meal had no relevant influence on LS (S+‐ and M+‐probes) or CAP measurements (M+‐probe) in both groups.ConclusionLean adults with a TC below 75 cm can be assessed with either the S+‐probe or the M+‐probe and may take a light meal before assessment.
Real‐world experience: Introduction of T cell replete haploidentical transplantations in a single center
Authors: van Gorkom Gwendolyn , Billen Evy , Van Elssen Catharina , van Gelder Michel , Bos Gerard 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe real‐world data on outcomes of T cell replete haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) after the introduction of this modality in a single center and to compare them with different donor types.MethodOutcomes of 30 consecutive patients with hematological malignancies that received T cell replete haploidentical HSCT with posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCY) from 2016 to 2018 in our center were analyzed and compared to the outcome of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐related and unrelated matched donor HSCT (n = 97) and to a historical cohort of T cell depleted haploidentical HSCT (n = 11).ResultsOne year graft‐versus‐host‐free, relapse‐free survival in haploidentical HSCT was comparable with other donor types (haplo 40%, matched related donor [MRD] 33%, matched unrelated donor [MUD] 25%, p = 0.55). Non relapse mortality was high in haploidentical HSCT (50%), mostly due to infectious complications. However, relapse rates were only 3%, and OS and progression‐free survival after 1 year were 47% and thereby also similar to HLA‐matched HSCT in our center (MRD 53%, MUD 48%).ConclusionOur data show that T cell replete haploidentical HSCT has similar outcomes to HLA identical HSCT after introduction in our center. More strict adaptation on infection prevention was a crucial aspect of our learning curve. Overall, this type of transplantation is a feasible option when lacking an HLA‐identical donor. This option has advantages over an unrelated donor as it brings less logistical challenges than MUD transplantations.
Weight changes after antiretroviral therapy initiation in CoRIS (Spain): a prospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Martínez‐Sanz Javier , Blanco José‐Ramón , Muriel Alfonso , Pérez‐Elías María Jesús , Rubio‐Martín Rafael , Berenguer Juan , Peraire Joaquim , Bernal Enrique , Martínez Onofre Juan , Serrano‐Villar Sergio , Moreno Santiago ,   CoRIS
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionWeight gain after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a major problem that can increase morbidity. Our main objective was to evaluate the effects of initial ART on weight change in a large prospective cohort of HIV‐positive individuals.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of 13,198 subjects included in the Spanish HIV Research Network (CoRIS) between January 2004 and November 2018. We included subjects who started triple ART and achieved HIV RNA suppression within 48 weeks. We fitted linear mixed models adjusted for potential confounders to compare longitudinal changes in weight. We used Cox proportional‐hazard models to compare treatment groups’ times to transition to a higher body mass index (BMI) category.ResultsWe analysed data from a total of 1631 individuals resulting in 14,965 persons/years and 14,085 observations. Individuals retained in the final multivariable model were representative of the overall cohort. NNRTI‐based first‐line ART was associated with a lower average weight gain compared to PI‐ (+0.7 kg per year, 95% CI 0.5 to 1.0, p < 0.001) and INSTI‐based (+0.9 kg per year, 95% CI 0.7 to 1.1, p < 0.001) regimens. Individuals starting ART with TAF+FTC had greater weight gain than those receiving TDF+FTC (+0.8 kg per year, 95% CI 0.3 to 1.4, p = 0.004). Women and black persons presented a greater weight gain than men and non‐black individuals. Differences in weight trajectories were driven mainly by changes during the first year of ART. The NNRTI group was less likely to transition from normal weight to overweight than the PI (aHR 1.48, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.85) and INSTI groups (aHR 1.30, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.64). PIs but not INSTIs were associated with a higher rate of overweight‐to‐obesity shift (aHR 2.17, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.72). No differences were found among INSTIs in the transition to a higher BMI category.ConclusionsINSTI‐ and PI‐based first‐line ARTs are associated with greater weight gain compared to NNRTI‐based ART. Within the NRTIs, TAF+FTC was most strongly associated with weight gain. This heterogeneous effect of ART on body weight could affect the long‐term risk of some non‐communicable diseases.
Accuracy of isolated nutrition indicators in diagnosing malnutrition and their prognostic value to predict death in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer: A prospective study
Authors: de Sousa Iasmin Matias , Silva Flávia Moraes , de Carvalho Ana Lucia Miranda , da Rocha Ilanna Marques Gomes , Fayh Ana Paula Trussardi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe study aims to evaluate the accuracy of isolated nutrition indicators in diagnosing malnutrition in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer and their association with mortality.MethodsProspective cohort study involving patients with cancer (n = 178) attending a reference center of oncology at any point in the disease trajectory or treatment. Nutrition status was evaluated in a unique moment by body mass index (BMI), Patient‐Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG‐SGA), handgrip strength (HGS), and calf circumference (CC). Kappa coefficient, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated for each nutrition indicator (PG‐SGA as the reference method). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess hazard ratio (HR) and CI of mortality.ResultsFrom the total patients, 11% were underweight, 48% were malnourished (PG‐SGA B or C), 43% had low HGS, and 55% presented low CC. There were 46 deaths (25.8%). BMI, HGS, and CC showed poor and fair agreements (κ < 0.30 for all ) and poor accuracy (AUC < 0.70 for all) in identifying malnutrition by PG‐SGA. After the adjustment for confounders (age, treatment performed, site, and stage of cancer), PG‐SGA (HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5–5.9) and low CC (HR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.1–5.2) were independent predictors of mortality.ConclusionThe nutrition indicators are not accurate in diagnosing malnutrition, whereas PG‐SGA and low CC could predict mortality in gastric and colorectal cancer patients. Thus, CC should be combined with PG‐SGA in nutrition assessments.
Geoarchaeological evidence on a Late Bronze Age earthquake, Ohrid Basin (North Macedonia)
Authors: Hošek J. , Verčík M. , Pokorný P. , Beneš J. , Komárková V. , Radoměřský T. , Atanasoska N. , Todoroska V. , Ardjanliev P. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTGeoarchaeological investigations on the northeastern shore of Lake Ohrid revealed 3.5 m thick deepwater lacustrine sediments overlying terrestrial vegetation macrofossils, worked wood and abundant potsherds dated to the Late Bronze Age (LBA). Distinct contact of deepwater sediment with the sub‐aerial weathered limestone bedrock point to a sudden increase in lake level. According to radiocarbon data, catastrophic flooding occurred shortly after 1214 yr bc. Because the area is located in a highly active seismic zone, we propose that this event was caused by tectonically induced, metre‐scale coseismic subsidence related to faults bordering the Ohrid alluvial plain. Moreover, this event coincides well with a dramatic switch in the habitation and settlement strategy in the region. More important, however, is the finding that the age of the proposed massive tectonic event and change in habitation lies within the interval of the proposed ‘earthquake storm’ in the eastern Mediterranean dated to 1225–1175 bc. As the Ohrid‐Korça zone belongs to the same tectonic province, a relationship between the abovementioned earthquakes and the proposed event can be expected. This research therefore might provide the first direct evidence of a large‐scale earthquake event linkable to the LBA collapse of Europe's first urban civilisation in the Aegean.
Performance of five typical warm‐season turfgrasses and their influence on soil bacterial community under a simulated tropical coral island environment
Authors: Zong Junqin , Li Ling , Yao Xiang , Chen Jingbo , Wang Haoran , Zhao Xinyong , Liu Jianxiu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractVegetation is a key to improving and protecting a new tropical coral island terrestrial ecosystem. Because of their superior ability in adapting poor soil structure and fertility, conserving soil and water and improving the living environment, warm‐season turfgrass are considered as important pioneer plants and frequently applied in vegetation construction on tropical coral islands. However, few studies had evaluated the growth of these turfgrass and how these turfgrass influence the soil microbial communities on tropical coral islands. In this study, we conducted a greenhouse experiment and assessed the performance, soil properties and rhizosphere bacterial communities of five typical warm‐season turfgrasses species (i.e.,Paspalum vaginatium,Paspalum notatum,Cynodon dactylon,Zoysia tenuifolia, andStenotaphrum helferi) grown on tropical coral sand. Results showed thatC. dactylonwas superior in the adaptability and turf performance among the studied species, with a turf establishment time of 34 days and a turf quality score of 6.83. Richness of bacterial species and nitrifying bacteria in its rhizosphere soil planted withC. dactylonwere also much higher than with other species. The speed of turf establishment was positively correlated with rhizosphere soil bacterial species richness. Our findings indicated thatC. dactyloncould be a potentially suitable candidate species for vegetation restoration and soil bacterial community conservation on tropical coral islands.
The plasma phospholipidome of Tursiops truncatus: From physiological insight to the design of prospective tools for managed cetacean monitorization
Authors: Monteiro João P. , Maciel Elisabete , Melo Tânia , Flanagan Carla , Urbani Nuno , Neves João , Domingues Maria Rosário 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPlasma biochemical analysis remains one of the established ways of monitoring captive marine mammal health. More recently, complementary plasma lipidomic analysis has proven to be a valid tool in disease diagnosis and prevention, with the potential to validate and complement common biochemical analysis, providing a more integrative approach. In this study, we thoroughly characterized the plasma polar lipid content of Tursiops truncatus, the most common cetacean species held under human care. Our results showed that phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelins (CerPCho) are the most represented phospholipid classes in T. truncatus plasma. Palmitic, oleic, and stearic acids are the major fatty acid (FA) present esterified to the plasma polar lipids of this species, although some n‐3 species are also remarkably present, namely eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. The polar lipidome identified by HILIC LC–MS allowed identifying 304 different lipid species. These species belong to the phosphatidylcholine (103 lipid species), lysophosphatidylcholine (35), phosphatidylethanolamine (71), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (20), phosphatidylglycerol (13), lysophosphatidylglycerol (5), phosphatidylinositol (15), lysophosphatidylinositol (3), phosphatidylserine (6) lysophosphatidylserine (1), and sphimgomyelin (32) classes. This was the first time that the dolphin plasma phospholipid profile was characterized, providing a knowledge that will be important to further understand lipid metabolism and physiological regulation in small cetaceans. Furthermore, this study proved the practicability of the use of plasma lipid profiling for health assessment in marine mammals under human care.
Pathological Changes in Axillary Hyperhidrosis and Axillary Osmidrosis Induced by Microwave Treatment: Comparison of Single‐ and Double‐Pass Irradiation
Authors: Hatano Tomoka , Fukasawa Nei , Miyano Chigusa , Wiederkehr Iris , Miyawaki Takeshi 
Published: May 2021

Background and ObjectivesTo analyze histopathological changes and degree of damage to the axillary tissue due to single‐ and double‐pass irradiation therapy using a microwave energy‐based device.Study Design/Materials and MethodsWe included 15 axillary hyperhidrosis and axillary osmidrosis patients who received microwave irradiation therapy between March 2017 and March 2019. Ten patients underwent single‐pass irradiation and five underwent double‐pass irradiation, after which skin samples were collected from the right and left axillae for pathological analysis. Samples were taken in a consistent manner from Patient 6 onwards and a comparative study of five single‐pass and five double‐pass patients was conducted (n = 10).ResultsHistopathological analysis showed destruction and fibrosis in addition to necrosis and damage to the adipose tissue in apocrine and eccrine sweat glands. In the superficial microvasculature, blood vessel wall damage and thrombus formation were observed as well as damage in the hair follicles and hair bulbs. No obvious damage was observed in the epidermis and nerves. The amount of damage to sweat glands was higher in patients undergoing double‐pass instead of single‐pass irradiation.ConclusionFrom a histopathological point of view, microwave energy‐based irradiation therapy can be considered efficient, as there was no damage to epidermis and nerves and favorable destruction of apocrine and eccrine glands. As the amount of damaged sweat glands was higher after double‐pass irradiation, it can be considered more effective than single‐pass irradiation. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.