bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase field method of composite material incorporating anisotropic constitutive behavior and orientation of strain energy release rate
Authors: Zhang Zhichao , Dong Hongcheng , Wang Fangxin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe paper presents a phase field model for fracture analysis of fiber‐reinforced composite materials, considering the anisotropic critical strain energy release rate and constitutive relationship. Experimental results are used to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed model, enabling a comprehensive analysis of the fracture behavior under various conditions. It is discovered that by incorporating anisotropic structure tensor into the evolution equation derived from isotropic crack density form, a phase field model with weakly anisotropic fracture strain energy can be obtained. Furthermore, an anisotropic constitutive relationship accounting for tension‐compression asymmetry after material fracture is derived based on spherical‐partial decomposition of strain energy. The fracture behavior of composites under various conditions is systematically investigated through a series of numerical examples, including the tensile test of the central opening plate, the single‐sided notched plate, and an analysis of the influence of fiber arrangement. Additionally, it is highlighted that this model accurately describes non‐orthogonal two‐dimensional crack propagation in composite materials. Therefore, this model holds great potential in areas including design optimization and performance evaluation of composite materials.Highlights
Both the anisotropic fracture strain energy and constitutive relationship are consideration.
The stress and strain spherical‐partial decomposition for anisotropic constitutive relations are used.
The present model allows simulation of fracture for composites with multiple fiber directions.
Remarkable enhancement of physical‐mechanical properties in unsaturated polyester resin composites using SiO2@CTBN hybrid particles
Authors: Rouhi Elham , Bahrami Kiumars , Poorabdollah Mehdi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo improve the toughness of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR), core‐shell particles with a silica core and carboxyl‐terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (CTBN) rubber shell were synthesized and added to the UPR at 2, 5, and 10 wt%. Impact, tensile, bending, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were performed on the pure UPR and composites containing core‐shell particles (UPR/CSR). The impact analysis indicated that the addition of 2 wt% CSR particles increased the toughness by 34% compared to that of the pure UPR. However, due to the low modulus of the rubbery shell, the tensile, bending, and elastic moduli of the UPR/CSR composite decreased. To enhance the physical and mechanical properties of the UPR/CSR composite, a hybrid composite of UPR/CSR and gamma‐alumina (γ‐Al₂O₃) (as a regulator and reinforcer of the network) was manufactured, resulting in remarkable enhancements in the physical and mechanical properties. Additionally, variations in the curing kinetics of the pure UPR and UPR/CSR 2 composite at four heating rates were investigated for a more detailed examination of changes in the structure of the resin network.Highlights
Synthesis of SiO2@CTBN particles and fabrication of UPR/CSR composite.
Significant increase in toughness of UPR/CSR composite compared to UPR resin.
Significant increase in physical and mechanical properties of hybrid composite.
Investigation of network structure and curing kinetic of UPR resin by DSC.
Scenting the Hedonic Connection: Exploring the Impact of Subjective Olfactory Dysfunction on Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Ni Zihan , Liu Ye , Zou Laiquan , Zhang Qidong , Fan Wu , Yan Chao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOlfaction, often regarded as a unique chemical sensation, plays a pivotal role in shaping our quality of life and mental well‐being. Numerous studies have highlighted the significant relationship between olfactory function and depressive symptoms. However, the complex mechanisms underlying how olfactory function affects the development of depressive symptoms remain largely unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of hedonic capacity in the link between olfactory function and depressive symptoms. We recruited 1661 young adults, along with an additional 381 participants who had experienced COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction, to complete a series of self‐report questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms, olfactory dysfunction, and hedonic capacity. A subset of 327 participants completed a follow‐up survey 3 months later. Our sequential mediation analyses revealed that olfactory function indirectly influenced depressive symptoms through chemosensory pleasure. Moreover, it impacted pleasure derived from social activities by modulating chemosensory pleasure. Notably, this mediating effect persisted over the 3‐month period and was evident even in participants with hyposmia, highlighting the lasting importance of chemosensory hedonic capacity. These findings suggest that both chemosensory and social hedonic capacities are crucial in the complex relationship between olfactory function and depressive symptoms. This insight not only deepens our understanding of the developmental psychopathology of depression but also offers a new perspective for its prevention.
Analysis of the Factors Influencing Junior High School Teachers' Job Satisfaction and the Construction of a Prediction Model
Authors: Li Yuejia , Dong Min , Li Wenhui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTeacher job satisfaction is an important research element in teacher education and educational research. Based on data from the China Education Tracking Survey, this study analyzes the factors that influence the job satisfaction of 690 junior high school teachers and further constructs a prediction model. The study shows that gender, burnout, salary, management style, hardware facilities, and student quality are significantly related to teachers' job satisfaction. Among them, being female, having a satisfactory salary package, having a satisfactory school management style, and having high student quality are protective factors for enhancing teachers' job satisfaction. On the contrary, frequent burnout and average school hardware facilities are risk factors for decreasing teachers' job satisfaction. Thus, to improve teachers' job satisfaction, it is necessary to begin with the government, schools and teachers themselves to improve job satisfaction, enhance the quality of education and promote the long‐term development of basic education.
A Computational Prediction: Enhancing Visible Light Harvesting Through Minor Modification of Donor Moiety in Triphenylamine‐Based Dyes for DSSCs
Authors: El‐Hendawy Morad M. , Hassan Samar T. , El‐Katori Emad E. , Mohamed Mahmoud M. A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFive triphenylamine‐based dyes were theoretically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) due to their structural configuration of (D–π–A) which has potential applications as sensitizers for dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). One dye was sourced from the literature, (E)‐2‐cyano‐3‐(5‐(6‐(diphenylamino)‐3,3‐dimethyl‐3H‐indol‐2‐yl)thiophen‐2‐yl)acrylic acid, denoted as (I), and the remaining dyes (from II to V) are inspired by the former with minor structural change in the indole moiety of donor part. These molecular structures are composed of different diphenyl indole amine species (donor part), thiophene (π‐bridge), and cyanoacrylic acid (acceptor part). This study focused on the effect of small structural change in the five‐membered ring of the indole moiety on the geometric, electronic, and optical properties of the studied dyes as well as their potential applications as sensitizers for DSSCs. Due to this structural change, a twist in the molecular skeleton of the designed dyes was observed, resulting in a new band at a longer wavelength that spans the visible region. This band is attributed to the phenomenon of twisting intramolecular charge transfer (TICT). The findings reveal that the minor structural change in the indole moiety enhanced the harvesting character of designed dyes that makes them promising candidates for application in DSSCs.
The Position of ‘Proton Transfer’ Phenomena in Case of Fluoride Detection: A Minireview
Authors: Mahata Atanu , Mallick Arabinda 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFluoride ion possessing substantial biological importance demands widespread applications on the basis of physiological and detrimental effects on human body and environmental aspects. Therefore, attractive attention has been paid by the researchers to reach the utmost stage of development of versatile colorimetric and fluorometric fluoride ion sensors. For this purpose, proton transfer phenomenon is an excellent pathway to trigger the recognition of fluoride ion using various kinds of sensor molecules. A strong mode of binding interaction between the chemosensor and F− ion was streamlined in terms of colorimetry, fluorometry and NMR‐ and DFT‐based theoretical studies. This minireview article summarizes the recent development of various fluoride sensors based upon the proton transfer–mediated signalling mechanisms, namely, hydrogen bonding–promoted proton transfer, excited state intermolecular proton transfer (ESPT) and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT).
The Synthesis of Acrylate‐Based Macromonomers and Structured Copolymers by High‐Temperature Semi‐Batch Radical Polymerization: The Impact of Acrylate vs. Methacrylate Monomer Choice
Authors: Bygott Elizabeth G. , Pahovnik David , Žagar Ema , Hutchinson Robin A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHigh‐temperature starved‐feed semi‐batch radical polymerization is used to produce an isobornyl acrylate (iBoA) polymer solution with high macromonomer content without a mediating agent. The p(iBoA) macromonomer solution serves as an addition‐fragmentation agent to synthesize a blocky copolymer in a single‐pot sequential feeding process, as has been demonstrated using n‐butyl acrylate (BA) as the second monomer. The impact of monomer selection on the copolymer product is investigated by switching the second monomer to n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA) while keeping all other aspects of the operating strategy unchanged. Methodologies developed to verify macromonomer incorporation are used to compare the iBoA‐BA and iBoA‐BMA systems, with two‐dimensional liquid chromatography providing a clear contrast between the acrylate and methacrylate (co)polymer products. The comparison demonstrates the effect of monomer structure on the macromonomer addition‐fragmentation kinetics, with a blocky copolymer produced using the acrylate macromonomer only when an acrylate is used as the second monomer feed.
Cocrystallization Effect on the Detonation Performance of Fuel–Oxidizer Combination
Authors: Inoue Kazuki , Okada Ken , Tamba Takahiro , Kubota Shiro , Kumasaki Mieko 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCocrystals contain two components in their crystalline structures. This article describes the detonation experiments on cocrystals and mixtures of fuel and oxidizers. Five pairs of fuels and oxidizers were selected as the target cocrystals: 1,2,4‐triazole (TA)/sodium perchlorate (SP), 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole (3ATA)/SP, 4‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole (4ATA)/SP, glycine (Gly)/ ammonium nitrate (AN), and 4ATA/AN. All the cocrystals showed higher propagation velocities (Vp) than those of the corresponding mixtures. Especially, 3ATA/SP and 4ATA/SP cocrystals exhibited steady‐state detonation with average detonation velocities of 4.62 and 4.76 km/s, respectively, whereas Vp of 3ATA+SP and 4ATA+SP mixtures gradually decreased. High‐speed photography supported the results of the detonation experiments for the 3ATA/SP and 3ATA+SP. The measured average detonation velocities of 3ATA/SP and 4ATA/SP accounted for 89.3% and 84.6%, respectively, of the calculated detonation velocities of the respective mixtures, indicating that the detonation of the two cocrystals was nonideal. The results led to the construction of a hypothesis about hot‐spot growth in cocrystals and mixtures due to the difference in the manner of particle contact. These results suggest that cocrystallization can improve the detonation performance of the combination of fuel and oxidizers.
Evaluation of GS‐omega/kappa‐Hxtx‐Hv1a and Bt toxins against Bt‐resistant and ‐susceptible strains of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)
Authors: Ross Simeon , Yang Fei , Santiago‐González José C. , Abdelgaffar Heba , Kerns Dawson D. , Jurat‐Fuentes Juan Luis , Sun Xiaocun , Collett Dayna , Kerns David L. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDHelicoverpa zea and Spodoptera frugiperda are destructive insect pests of cotton and corn. Both have evolved practical resistance to transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins in the United States. GS‐omega/kappa‐Hxtx‐Hv1a (ω/κ‐Hv1a) is a novel biopesticide derived from spider venom with activity against lepidopteran pests. The efficacy of ω/κ‐Hv1a is dependent on combining it with a facilitator product such as a Bt‐based insecticide. However, it is unknown if ω/κ‐Hv1a can be an alternative for the management of Bt resistance. In this study, we tested the effect of ω/κ‐Hv1a alone or in the presence of Bt toxins against susceptible and resistant H. zea and S. frugiperda.RESULTSDiet overlays with 5 μg cm−2 of Vip3Aa39 significantly increased mortality in susceptible H. zea but did not enhance the activity of ω/κ‐Hv1a against Vip3A‐resistant H. zea. In contrast, the addition of 10 μg cm−2 of Cry1Ac to the surface of ω/κ‐Hv1a incorporated diet significantly increased the mortality of Cry‐resistant H. zea compared to diets without the Cry1Ac toxin.CONCLUSIONThe study confirms that ω/κ‐Hv1a activity against H. zea is significantly enhanced by a facilitator mechanism. Our results suggest Cry1Ac pore formation in the midgut membrane of Cry‐resistant H. zea, enables the activity of ω/κ‐Hv1a. Vip3Aa resistance in H. zea involves altered toxin‐binding, consequently preventing pore formation and activity of ω/κ‐Hv1a. Therefore, insecticides containing ω/κ‐Hv1a may be an alternative for managing Cry‐resistant H. zea in cotton and help delay the evolution of insect resistance. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Multifaceted Therapeutic Impacts of Cucurbitacin B: Recent Evidences From Preclinical Studies
Authors: Sahu Meenal , Paliwal Tripti , Jain Smita , Verma Kanika , Chakraborty Dipjyoti , Jaiswal Shivangi , Dwivedi Jaya , Sharma Swapnil 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe most prevalent and bioactive cucurbitacin is Cucurbitacin B (CuB, C32H46O8), which is a tetracyclic triterpene chiefly present in the Cucurbitaceae family. CuB has a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties namely antioxidant, anticancer, hepatoprotective, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, hypoglycaemic, insecticidal, and neuroprotective properties, owing to its ability to regulate several signaling pathways, including the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (JAK/STAT3), AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear factor (NF)‐κB, nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor‐2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE), phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt, mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), Hippo‐Yes‐associated protein (YAP), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase‐2A/protein phosphatase‐2A (CIP2A/PP2A), Wnt and Notch pathways. The present review highlights the medicinal attributes of Cucurbitacin B (CuB) with special emphasis on their signaling pathways to provide key evidence of its therapeutic utility in the near future.
Gastrodin Ameliorates Tau Pathology and BBB Dysfunction in 3xTg‐AD Transgenic Mice by Regulating the ADRA1/NF‐κB/NLRP3 Pathway to Reduce Neuroinflammation
Authors: Li Bo , Wang Li , Xiao Yan , Wang Yang , Wang Yuanshang , Peng Yaqian , Zhang Anni , Tang Zhi , Qi Xiaolan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and aim: Gastrodin, an active compound derived from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Gastrodia, demonstrates a variety of pharmacological effects, particularly in the enhancement of neural functions. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the therapeutic effects of gastrodin on Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Experimental procedure: Cognitive function was assessed via Morris water maze and Y‐maze tests. Tau pathology, neuroinflammation, and BBB dysfunction were analyzed using various techniques, including Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. ADRA1 overexpression was induced by lentiviral infection, and gastrodin's impact on NF‐κB p65, NLRP3, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 levels was evaluated. Key results: In the in vivo experiment, gastrodin enhanced learning and spatial memory in 3xTg‐AD mice, as well as reducing p‐Tau protein expression in the hippocampus and cortex. Gastrodin inhibited the ADRA1/NF‐κB/NLRP3 pathway, which decreased glial cell activation and inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18, improving neuron and BBB function. In the in vitro experiment, gastrodin inhibited the activation of the NF‐κB/NLRP3 pathway due to ADRA1 overexpression and prevented the Aβ42‐induced increase in ADRA1/NF‐κB/NLRP3 protein expression in SH‐SY5Y cells. It also reduced IL‐1β and IL‐18 cytokine release, restoring tight junction protein expression in bEnd.3 cells. Conclusions and implications: gastrodin ameliorates learning and memory abilities by alleviating neuroinflammation and tau pathology, restoring the structure and function of neurons and BBB, suggesting that gastrodin may serve as an effective drug for the treatment of AD.
Application of AI in engineering education: A bibliometric study
Authors: Liu Yidan , Jing Yuhui , Li Jing , Dai Jian , Hu Zhebing , Wang Chengliang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into engineering education is essential for fostering innovation, strategic thinking and interdisciplinary skills in the intelligent era. On this basis, this study aims to track and visually represent the research outputs associated with AI applications in engineering education, providing insights into the current research landscape and identifying areas for further investigation. The analysis offers theoretical and methodological direction for leveraging AI in engineering education. Utilising bibliometric methods, we conducted a comprehensive visualisation analysis of 378 core publications from the Web of Science (WoS) database, spanning from the beginning of the twenty‐first century to the present. Our findings show a consistent rise in publication volume from 2000 to 2017, with a significant surge from 2018 to 2023. The study identifies the International Journal of Engineering Education and Computer Applications in Engineering Education as pivotal journals in the field. The research clusters around two central themes: essential supportive technologies and specific educational applications. Within engineering education, expert systems, data mining, prediction and machine learning are highlighted as key research areas. The field has evolved through distinct phases, starting with an early focus on technology support systems, moving to an emphasis on pedagogical applications, and currently striving for a balance between diverse technologies and practical applications.
Context and implications
Rationale for the study
Research on AI‐enabled engineering education is necessary because it is a vital measure for cultivating innovative, strategic and interdisciplinary talents in the era of intelligence. The article applies bibliometric techniques to visualise the developmental pulse of AI use in engineering education.
Why the new findings matter
The new findings firstly help researchers to grasp the development pulse and research priorities in the field and fill the research gaps, and secondly provide theoretical and methodological guidance for the application of artificial intelligence in engineering education through visualisation.
Implications for researchers and practitioners
The study summarises the current situation of AI in engineering education, breaks down the knowledge map of the field, provides practitioners, especially new researchers, with important references and guidance to understand the development of the field, and triggers the continuous attention of all sectors of society to the field. In addition, school administrators will be able to guide the development and practice of education and teaching based on the findings of the study, and frontline teachers will be able to practise the integration and application of AI and engineering education, which will effectively improve the learning efficiency of engineering education.
The impact of Shariah compliance on firm's performance and risk
Authors: Farhat Amel , Hili Amal 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study investigates the performance and risk of compliant stocks at the firm level, where compliance is determined by satisfying two screening stages outlined by Islamic law. Our empirical analysis employs quarterly cross‐sectional regressions, assessing how compliance influences both performance and risk using a combination of market‐based and accounting‐based metrics. Our results consistently reveal that compliant stocks exhibit significantly superior performance and lower risk compared to their conventional counterparts. These results remain robust across different business cycles and study periods. Our findings hold after accounting for different control variables known in finance literature to affect the cross‐section of stock returns.
Delayed Sampled Impulsive Observer Design for a Class of Non‐Affine Nonlinear Systems With Aperiodic Sampled and Delayed Measurements
Authors: Zhuang Xincheng , Wang Haoping , Tian Yang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this article, a delayed sampled impulsive observer (DSIO) is designed for a class of nonlinear systems with a non‐affine structure subjected to aperiodic sampled and delayed measurement and external disturbance. The designed DSIO consists of two parts according to continuous and discrete time space: the first part predicts the state between samples by replicating the dynamics of the observed system in the continuous time space; The second part is to use the system's sampled delayed output for impulsive correction in the discrete time space. The proposed DSIO allows for delays larger than the sampling period. Combined with the delayed impulsive systems theory, the input‐to‐state stability of the designed DSIO under external disturbances is proved. The designed DSIO is illustrated via numerical simulation with a Chua's Circuit example and comparison with another Zero‐Order Holder‐based Observer (ZOHO) to highlight its effectiveness.
Dir‐GLM: A Bayesian GLM With Data‐Driven Reference Distribution
Authors: Alam Entejar , Müller Peter , Rathouz Paul J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe recently developed semi‐parametric generalized linear model (SPGLM) offers more flexibility as compared to the classical GLM by including the baseline or reference distribution of the response as an additional parameter in the model. However, some inference summaries are not easily generated under existing maximum‐likelihood‐based inference (GLDRM). This includes uncertainty in estimation for model‐derived functionals such as exceedance probabilities. The latter are critical in a clinical diagnostic or decision‐making setting. In this article, by placing a Dirichlet prior on the baseline distribution, we propose a Bayesian model‐based approach for inference to address these important gaps. We establish consistency and asymptotic normality results for the implied canonical parameter. Simulation studies and an illustration with data from an aging research study confirm that the proposed method performs comparably or better in comparison with GLDRM. The proposed Bayesian framework is most attractive for inference with small sample training data or in sparse‐data scenarios.