bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing outcomes of transperineal to transrectal prostate biopsies performed under local anaesthesia
Authors: Chen Kelven Weijing , Pek Gregory , Yufei Qiao , Toh Poh Choo , Kuek Nicholas , Lee Joe King Chien , Tan Lincoln Guan Lim , Tsang Woon Chau , Chiong Edmund 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo compare and review the outcomes of transperineal (TP) prostate biopsies with transrectal (TR) biopsies performed under local anaesthesia (LA). A review of the relevant published literature is presented.Patients and methodsWe prospectively analysed 212 consecutive patients who underwent TP prostate biopsy using the PrecisionPoint™ access system under LA, at our institution from October 2018 to March 2020. We compared the morbidity and cancer detection rates using this approach with our historical cohort of 178 patients who underwent the TR biopsy method under LA.ResultsThe mean age of the TP biopsy group was 69 years, and median prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 13.17 ng/ml. Mean prostate volume was 45.1 ml with a median of 12 cores taken per patient. Patient demographics were similar to our TR biopsy cohort, with mean age of 68 years, median PSA of 10.76, mean prostate volume of 49.6 ml and a median of 12 cores taken per patient. The TP biopsy group had 0% sepsis rate compared with 2.2% in the TR group. Haematuria in the TP versus transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) cohort was 0.9% versus 1.7%, respectively. The TP biopsy‐naïve group had a cancer detection rate of 63.5% (127 of 200 patients), of which 84% were ≥Grade Group 2 (GG2). The TR biopsy‐naïve group had cancer detection rate of 50% (86 of 172 patients), of which 87.2% was ≥GG2.ConclusionTP prostate biopsy had less urinary infectious and septic complications compared with the TR approach. Our data suggest at least comparable diagnostic accuracy between both biopsy approaches.
The impact of eligibility for maintenance immunotherapy on prognosis in patients with unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Ozaki Kai , Hatakeyama Shingo , Tanaka Toshikazu , Noro Daisuke , Tokui Noriko , Horiguchi Hirotaka , Okuyama Yoshiharu , Fujita Naoki , Okamoto Teppei , Okamoto Akiko , Suzuki Yuichiro , Yamamoto Hayato , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Ohyama Chikara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the eligibility for maintenance immunotherapy and its impact on the prognosis of advanced urothelial carcinoma treated with first‐line chemotherapy, as the selection biases of the eligible population in the JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial remain unclear.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 213 patients (median age, 71 years) with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with platinum‐based first‐line chemotherapy between May 2003 and April 2021. The patients were categorized into the following two groups: progressive disease (PD) within four cycles (trial ineligible group) and non‐PD within four cycles (trial eligible group). The primary outcomes were the estimated proportion of trial eligible patients for maintenance immunotherapy. The secondary outcomes were the comparison of the overall survival in the trial eligible and ineligible groups and the impact of radiologic response at the second cycle on the fourth cycle.ResultsAmong the 213 patients, 81 (38%) were included in the trial eligible group. The trial eligible group had a significantly longer overall survival than the trial ineligible group (P < 0.001). Of 166 patients who had no PD within two cycles, 85 (51%) patients experienced PD within four cycles. Patients with a complete response or partial response at the second cycle had a significantly lower rate of PD at the fourth cycle (42%) than those with stable disease at the second cycle (59%, P = 0.031).ConclusionWe observed 38% of the trial eligible population. Overall survival was significantly different between the trial eligible and ineligible groups.
Teaching meiosis with the DNA triangle framework: A classroom activity that changes how students think about chromosomes
Authors: Wright Leslie Kate , Cortez Paulina , Franzen Margaret A. , Newman Dina L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMany biology students struggle to learn about the process of meiosis and have particular difficulty understanding the molecular basis of crossing over and the importance of homologous pairing for proper segregation. To help students overcome these challenges, we designed an activity that uses a newly developed Chromosome Connections Kit® from 3‐D Molecular Designs to allow learners to explore meiosis at the molecular level. We took a backwards design approach in constructing an effective classroom activity. We developed evidence‐based learning objectives and designed a crossing over activity that targets students' misconceptions and key concepts about meiosis. Assessment questions were designed based on the learning objectives and common student misconceptions. The activity consists of three parts: an interactive introductory video, a model‐based activity, and reflection questions. The activity was first beta‐tested with a small number of students and revised based on feedback. The revised activity was deployed in a mid‐level Cell and Molecular Biology course. Analysis of pre‐/post‐assessment data from students who completed the activity (n = 83) showed strong learning gains on concepts related to ploidy, homology, segregation, and the mechanism and purpose of crossing over. Additionally, students who participated in the activity outperformed nonparticipants on a Genetics assessment about meiosis the following semester.
Ten‐year course of treated bipolar I disorder: The role of polarity at onset
Authors: Yoldi‐Negrete María , Fresán‐Orellana Ana , Jiménez‐Tirado Mariana , Martínez‐Camarillo Sara , Palacios‐Cruz Lino , Vieta Eduard , Ortega‐Ortiz Hiram , Becerra‐Palars Claudia , Gutiérrez‐Mora Doris , Camarena Medellín Beatriz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionEarly‐stage predictors of illness course are needed in bipolar disorder (BD). Differences among patients with a first depressive versus maniac/hypomanic episode have been stated, although in most studies, memory bias and time from onset to start of specialized treatment might interfere. The aim was to compare the first 10 years of illness course according to polarity at onset.Methods49 type I BD patients admitted for treatment for a first‐time affective episode and a following 10‐year attendance to the institution were included. A retrospective year by year comparison according to polarity at onset (depressive (DPO) or maniac (MPO)) was performed. Cramer's V and Cohen d were computed to determine effect size.Results59.2% (n = 29) started with MPO. Both groups were similar in demographic and social outcome characteristics, clinical features, and treatment variables. Patients with DPO reported more depressive episodes than MPO patients (U = 149.0 p < .001, Cohen's d = 0.87); both groups had a similar number of manic episodes. Only during the first year of follow‐up, suicide attempts (SA) were more frequent in patients with DPO while the presence of a psychotic episode and psychiatric hospitalizations were more frequent in the MPO group.ConclusionAccording to these findings, it can be concluded that illness onset is only indicative of depressive predominant polarity but is not related to other poor prognostic variables after the first year of illness onset, in treated BD. SA in the first year of an affective disorder could represent a marker of BD.
Primary Mediastinal Ewing sarcoma presenting as a massive lung lesion with a mediastinal shift
Authors: Ata Fateen , Safwan Aljafar Mohamad , Mohammed Areej Marwan , Mirza Salman , Zafar Abdul Aziz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrimary pulmonary Ewing sarcoma can present as a massive mass in the left hemithorax covering the entire lung and can press the pulmonary artery and cause a significant mediastinal shift.
Severe Symptomatic Hypocalcemia, complicating cardiac arrhythmia following Cinacalcet (SensiparTM) administration: A Case Report
Authors: Schmidt Gregory S. , Weaver Travis D. , Hoang Thanh D. , Shakir Mohamed K.M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractClinicians should closely monitor patients on calcimimetics for hypocalcemic symptoms and arrhythmia, even though asymptomatic hypocalcemia typically resolves without intervention.
Digitalisierung trifft Pumpentechnik
Authors: Gandert Etwina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNicht umsonst nennt sich die Tagung für Pumpen in der Verfahrenstechnik, Kraftwerks‐ und Abwassertechnik „Praktikerkonferenz“. Anfang September kamen in Graz wieder Anwender und Anbieter von Pumpentechnik zusammen, um über Chancen und Grenzen der Digitalisierung von Pumpentechnologien zu diskutieren. Eine Grenze wird erkennbar in der Verfügbarkeit von Fachkräften, die Kenntnisse in allen beteiligten Disziplinen verknüpfen können
Kristaller für absatzweise und kontinuierliche Prozesse
Authors: Keller Wolfgang , Knapp Steffen , Nienhaus Bernd 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDie Kristallisation als verfahrenstechnische Grundoperation ist in der Prozessindustrie von überragender Bedeutung. Sie wird zur Herstellung und Aufreinigung von Feststoffen in zahlreichen Prozessen der Chemie, der Pharmazie oder in der Lebensmittelindustrie eingesetzt. Der Einsatz von auf den Prozess angepasster Rührtechnik ist dabei der Schlüssel zum Erreichen der gewünschten Produkteigenschaften.
Pumpen für hochviskose Medien
Authors: Steinbach Cynthia , Zeiff Andreas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractKompositwerkstoffe werden in vielen Bereichen der Technik verwendet, wenn es darum geht leichte, stabile und beliebig formbare Strukturen herzustellen. Polyester‐, Epoxid‐, Polyurethan‐ und andere Harze stellen dabei je nach Anwendungsanforderung zusammen mit Glasfasern, Kohle oder Aramidgewebe oder sogar Basaltfaser die Grundlage für vielfältige Produkte. Die Ausgangsstoffe, also Harze, Härter oder Hilfsstoffe wie Trennwachse sind meist sehr dickflüssig bis pastenförmig oder lösemittelhaltig und erfordern beim Umgang besondere Aufmerksamkeit. Normale Pumpen für eine halbautomatische Abfüllung sind den Anforderungen meist nicht gewachsen. Hier kommen Exzenterschnecken‐ oder Druckluft‐Membranpumpen zum Einsatz, die speziell für das Fördern hochviskoser Medien und auf Ex‐Bereiche ausgelegt sind
Dicht ist nicht gleich dicht
Authors: van Dorp Annette 
Published: October 2021

AbstractParameter wie Medium und Einsatzbedingungen in oder außerhalb einer Anlage bestimmen weitestgehend den Einsatz einer Pumpenart. Gesetzliche Vorschriften, Sicherheits‐ und Umweltschutzbestimmungen wie die Technische Anleitung Luft (TA‐Luft) sind zu berücksichtigen. Als zuverlässiger Förderbeitrag haben sich hierbei trockenlaufsichere, hermetisch abgedichtete Kreiselpumpen bewährt.
Den Einbauraum optimal nutzen
Authors: Gerauer Sebastian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractKompakte Füllventile, die als Batterieanordnung, Ventilblöcke oder mehrbahnig in große Abfüllanlagen eingebaut werden, sind ein wichtiger Baustein auf dem Weg zu möglichst effizienten Prozessen. Damit können Lebensmittel, Kosmetika, Konsumgüter wie Waschmittel oder selbst Materialien in GMP‐regulierten Branchen wie der Medizintechnik, Diagnostik und Pharmazie schnell und präzise abgefüllt werden.
Chemiekonzern geht auf Nummer sicher
Authors: Ahnert Nicky , Palm Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEs ist schon unter „normalen“ Bedingungen nicht einfach, für diverse Anwendungen immer schnell den richtigen Motor parat zu haben. Ungemein schwieriger ist dies in der Großchemie, wenn mehrere Zehntausend Antriebsstellen in rauer, explosionsgefährdeter Umgebung rund um die Uhr am Laufen zu halten sind. Einer der größten Chemiekonzerne der Welt setzt dabei künftig auf einen flexiblen externen Spezialisten und das umfassende Programm explosionsgeschützter Niederspannungsmotoren Simotics XP von Siemens.
Multi‐label enhancement manifold learning algorithm for vehicle video
Authors: Tan Chao , Ji Genlin , Zeng Xiaoqian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, we propose a new multi‐label enhancement manifold learning algorithm to solve the vehicle video classification problem. Predicting multiple objects in a traffic video image is a challenging problem. Traditional multi‐label classification methods can solve the problem of simultaneous detection of multiple labels, but cannot handle high‐dimensional streaming video data. Our idea is to use label distribution learning (LDL) to enrich the label space and improve label recognition in the original label space. We use the feature function representing the manifold structure to guide the geometric meaning of the label space and transform the local topology from the feature space to the label space. We first build a label distribution learner. Next, use the LDL model for classification. The similarity between the two distributions is measured by Bayesian divergence, and the label distribution is learned through the maximum entropy model and the objective function of this article is established. Finally, an enhanced label model of the manifold space is established to reduce the dimensionality of the feature matrix generated during the training phase, so that the supervised information in the label manifold can be used in the incremental manifold space to improve the accuracy of feature extraction. Compared to the latest multi‐label learning methods, our multi‐label enhancement manifold learning method has advantages in predicting performance.
Analysis and classification of drone sounds from digital media
Authors: Yoo Sinwoo , Ryu Yeongbin , Shin Sunghoon , Oh Hyukjun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe use of the quadcopter‐type drone is now at a mature and practical stage, and many major manufacturers are expanding their range of applications. Because of the high maneuverability and practicality of this flying object, how we ensure it is used for benign purposes in urban life has become a major issue. Most such drones are small enough to avoid many current airborne detection methods and cheap enough to be disposable. We were able to gather enough amount of multimedia sources including drone‐related sources using open online platforms, such as YouTube and other similar services. For a subset of commercial quadcopter drones, we collected sound sample data consisting of recordings and YouTube videos and built a trained simple nonlinear neural network filter to classify them. We used Mel‐frequency cepstral coefficients to reduce the amount of data as the input signal and created two‐dimensional spectrogram images to minimize the loss of temporal information in the sample, as suggested by previous research. Most of the acoustic signal energy in the drone sound existed in specific frequency bands and residual signal patterns were spread up to around 15 kHz. We designed and tested several recurrent and convolutional neural network models and one of the simple neural network models based on the LeNet architecture could classify over 10 different types of drones from acoustic data with over 97% accuracy including an additional path for the detection of general acoustic drone patterns.
Outcomes of referrals from endodontic to orofacial pain specialists: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Erdogan Ozge , Ramsey Austin , Uyanik James M. , Gibbs Jennifer L. , Burns Lorel E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesDiagnosis and treatment of non‐odontogenic pain is challenging for endodontists. The purpose of the study was to investigate the outcomes of referrals to orofacial pain specialists made for patients with suspected non‐odontogenic pain, after evaluation and/or treatment by an endodontist.Materials and MethodsA retrospective review of dental records was conducted for 60 patients referred from a postgraduate endodontic clinic to an orofacial pain clinic. Patient demographics, pain history, endodontic, and orofacial pain diagnoses were collected. Number of visits, length of treatment, and treatments prescribed were recorded. For analysis of outcomes, data pertinent to resolution/persistence of symptoms and patient compliance were analyzed.ResultsThirty‐five patients were included in the study. The most frequent pulpal and periapical diagnoses were previously treated (62%) and symptomatic apical periodontitis (72%), respectively. The most common orofacial pain diagnosis was temporomandibular disorder. The average time spent to diagnose and treat the pain was 17 months. Pain reduction varied and was documented for 51% of patients. Indications of non‐compliance with orofacial pain appointments and treatments were documented for 66% of patients.ConclusionsNon‐odontogenic pain diagnosis and treatment are challenging. Patients may have an increased predilection for developing persistent pain after endodontic treatment and/or have an undiagnosed, chronic orofacial pain condition as a true source of their chief complaint. It may be helpful for endodontists to set expectations of typical treatment times/plans when referring patients for evaluation and treatment of non‐odontogenic pain.
Characterization of immune cell infiltrate in tumor stroma and epithelial compartments in oral squamous cell carcinomas of Sudanese patients
Authors: Gaafar Nuha Mohamed , Osman Tarig Al‐Hadi , Ahmed Israa Abdulrahman , Elsheikh Mariam , Dongre Harsh , Jacobsen Martha Rolland , Mohamed Nazar Gafar , Fromreide Siren , Suleiman Ahmed Mohamed , Johannessen Anne Christine , Nginamau Elisabeth Sivy , Costea Daniela Elena 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundTumor immune infiltrate has been explored in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but studies on simultaneous characterization of multiple immune cell subtypes separately in stromal and intraepithelial tumor compartments are limited.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the immune cell infiltrate in OSCC by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for a panel of inflammatory cells in stromal and epithelial tumor compartments for a better characterization of the tumors.MethodsThirty‐six OSCC lesions and nine normal oral mucosa (NOM) samples from patients attending Khartoum Dental Teaching Hospital, Sudan were investigated for presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor‐associated macrophages, tumor‐associated neutrophils, and PD‐L1 positive cells in the inflammatory infiltrate by single and double IHC. Digital quantitative analysis (Aperio Technologies Inc.) was performed separately for stromal and epithelial compartments.ResultsOSCC cases displayed a higher inflammatory infiltrate in the associated stroma, but not in the epithelial compartment when compared to NOM. The immunosuppressive type of inflammatory infiltrate, that is, T regulatory cells (FoxP3+ cells) was identified to be significantly higher in the epithelial compartment of tumors with advanced clinical state. An immunoscore developed by combining intraepithelial FoxP3+ and CD4+ cells was found significantly higher in lesions from elderly patients, localized at toombak dipping‐related sites, poorly differentiated OSCCs, or with loco‐regional lymph node spreading.ConclusionsDespite heavy immune cell infiltration in tumor‐associated stroma, the majority of OSCCs in this cohort displayed a low intraepithelial immune infiltration. An immunoscore based on combined CD4 and FoxP3 intraepithelial expression may serve as an indicator of advanced tumor progression and should be further investigated for its use as potential prognostic biomarker in OSCC.
Metagenomic profiling reveals dominance of gram‐positive bacteria in the gut microbiome shifts associated with immunoglobulin A vasculitis (Henoch–Schönlein Purpura)
Authors: Cao Jia , Wu Chunyan , Wang Kunhua , Hu Hongwei , Duan Jiang , Zhao Bo , Xiong Jingjing , Liu Mei , Cui Jingjing , Ji Xiaofei , Zhang Tingting , Qin Huanlong , Qin Nan , Xu Qian , Huang Yongkun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesImmunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), previously known as Henoch–Schönlein purpura, is the most common vasculitis that has a classical skin manifestation of palpable purpuric rash. Factors pertinent to IgAV remain inadequately understood. Here, we aimed to examine the gut microbiome shifts associated with IgAV and its recovery.MethodsStool samples were collected from 10 children with IgAV (6–14 years old) before and after a multi‐drug therapy, along with 9 age‐matched healthy children. The samples were subjected to metagenomic analyses to investigate the taxonomic and functional shifts of the gut microbiome.ResultsThe analyses revealed that compared with healthy controls, treatment‐naïve patients exhibited substantial taxonomic and functional alterations of gut microbiota, including 104 IgAV‐depleted species and 7 IgAV‐elevated species (FDR < 0.05). After treatment, the IgAV patients displayed a partial restoration of the microbiota shifts, as the relative abundances of some biomarkers (e.g. 9 genera and 22 species) became comparable (FDR > 0.1) between the patients and healthy controls. The treatment‐responsive features included Weissella, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum and three components of a putative glutamine transport system. Importantly, gram‐positive bacteria accounted for over 85% of the numbers and total relative abundance of the species that were associated with IgAV and responsive to the treatment. In addition, of the 122 IgAV‐depleted bacterial genes, 82 were mainly contributed by gram‐positive bacteria and 12 by gram‐negative bacteria.ConclusionsGram‐positive bacteria are the main drivers underlying the gut microbiome shifts of IgAV, which may assist rational management of the disease.
Depression and eating disorders in early adolescence: A network analysis approach
Authors: Kenny Bridget , Orellana Liliana , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Moodie Marj , Brown Vicki , Williams Joanne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveEating disorders (EDs) and depression are among the most debilitating and pervasive mental illnesses. Although they often co‐occur, the relationship between EDs and depression remains poorly understood. This study used network analysis to explore the symptom‐level relationship between EDs and depression among a sample of Australian adolescents completing their first year of secondary school.MethodAdolescents (N = 4,421) aged between 10 and 15 years completed the Centre for Epidemiological Depression Scale and the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire. Network structure was estimated using the Gaussian graphical model and node centrality was assessed using one‐step expected influence (EI) and bridge EI.Results“Depressed,” “lonely,” and “low energy” were identified as core symptoms of depression. “Shape and weight dissatisfaction,” “desire to lose weight,” and “preoccupation with shape or weight” were identified as core ED symptoms. “Irritable,” “social eating,” and “depressed” were identified as the most important nodes connecting (i.e., bridging) symptoms of depression and EDs.DiscussionThis study provides an important symptom‐level conceptualization of the association between depression and ED symptoms in a community sample of adolescents. This preliminary evidence may guide the development of public health prevention and early intervention programs. Future research should be conducted to address the study limitations (e.g., cross‐sectional design).