bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan Tingkat Pengetahuan Sebelum Dan Setelah Modifikasi Permainan Engklek Usia 8-11 Tahun
Authors: Arifin Nur Fadhilah , Febriany Mila , Aldilawati Sari , Pamewa Kurniaty , Masriadi Masriadi , Khaeriah Yaumil 
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan : Suatu pengetahuan dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pendidikan, banyaknya informasi yang diperoleh, keadaan lingkungan, pengalaman, dan usia seseorang, hal ini karena pengetahuan dapat mempengaruhi sikap dan tindakan seseorang mengaplikasikan informasi yang didapatkan untuk diwujudkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dan menjadi kebiasaan. Permainan engklek adalah permainan dengan menggunakan cara melompat satu kaki pada bidang yang berbentuk bintang, bidang persegi dan dianggap menjadi pemenang apabila permainan mendapatkan sawah atau rumah terbanyak. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut sebelum dan setelah permainan engklek modifikasi pada siswa SDN Sambung Jawa Makassar Usia 8-11 Tahun. Bahan dan Metode: Metode penelitian pre experimental dengan menggunakan desain pretest-posttest. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di SDN Sambung Jawa Makassar sebanyak 123 sampel. Metode pengambilan sampel yaitu metode purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan nilai rata-rata tingkat pengetahuan sebelum permainan engklek modifikasi sebesar 8,27 (SD=±1,102) dan setelah permainan engklek modifikasi sebesar 9,85 (SD=±0,418). ( P-Value 0,000 ). Hal ini berdasarkan dari presentase nilai pengetahuan dimana 123 responden yang telah melakukan posttest mendapatkan hasil 100% berada dikategori pengetahuan tinggi. Permainan edukatif terbukti efektif dalam mendukung pembelajaran, terutama untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan. Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sebelum dan setelah permainan engklek modifikasi pada siswa SDN Sambung Jawa Makassar.
Hubungan Obat Anti Hipertensi Golongan Ca- Antagonis (Amlodipine) dan Golongan Inhibitor Ace (Captopril) Terhadap Terjadinya Xerostomia Di Puskesmas Maccini Sombala
Authors: Eva Andy Fairuz Zuraida , Novawaty Eva , Selviani Yusrini , Bachtiar Rachmi , Puspitasari Yustisia , Rahmayanti Siti Nelvi 
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan : Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor risiko yang paling berpengaruh terhadap penyakit kardiovaskuler. Kondisi hipertensi adalah ketika tekanan darah sistolik seseorang mencapai ?140 mmHg dan atau darah diastoliknya ?90 mmHg pada pemeriksaan berulang. Obat anti-hipertensi dapat mempengaruhi aliran saliva secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Penggunaan obat antihipertensi dapat menimbulkan efek samping salah satunya adalah xerostomia. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hubungan obat anti hipertensi golongan Ca-antagonis (amlodipine)dan golongan Inhibitor Ace ( katopril) terhadap terjadinya xerostomia Metode : Menggunakan metode obsevasi analitik dengan rancangan Cross Sectional study. Uji menggunakan uji One Way Anova. Hasil : Hasil Penlitian ini menunjukkan golongan obat Ca-antagonis (Amlodipine) dan golongan inhibitor ACE (Katopril) berdasarkan uji statistic memperoleh nilai tidak signifikan p = 0,423>0,05. Kesimpulan : Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara golongan obat yang dikonsumsi dengan terjadinya xerostomia namun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara jumlah aliran saliva yang mengonsumsi golongan obat amlodipine dan katopril.
Una vil·la romana a la Selva: Casa dels Moros o Cavorca I a Sant Julià de Llor-Bonmatí
Authors: Augé Santeugini Anna , Nolla Brufau Josep Maria , Casas Genover Josep 
Published: April 2021

Al costat mateix del curs del riu Ter es coneixen des de fa temps els vestigis d’unes restes romanes que, nogensmenys, han tingut poc predicament entre erudits i estudiosos. Certament, no ha estat fins fa pocs anys que han estat objecte d’interès i han entrat decididament en la bibliografia especialitzada. Es tracta d’unes ruïnes prou notables que no estan juntes sinó separades per un centenar i escaig de metres. Una, anomenada can Cavorca o Cavorca II, es localitza en una esplanada molt a la vora del curs fluvial. És una construcció només parcialment conservada, aparentment aïllada, ben obrada amb blocs menuts uniformes que va fer servir a bastament en la seva fabricació una quantitat notable de petits fragments de marbre blanc de qualitat i, molt probablement, de pedreres diverses que haurien de procedir, segons pensem, de material d’aprofitament.
Application of Artificial Neural Network to Preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT for Predicting Pathological Nodal Involvement in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Taralli Silvia , Scolozzi Valentina , Boldrini Luca , Lenkowicz Jacopo , Pelliccioni Armando , Lorusso Margherita , Attieh Ola , Ricciardi Sara , Carleo Francesco , Cardillo Giuseppe , Calcagni Maria Lucia 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of artificial neural networks (aNN) applied to preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT for predicting nodal involvement in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 540 clinically resectable NSCLC patients (333 M; 67.4 ± 9 years) undergone preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT and pulmonary resection with hilo-mediastinal lymphadenectomy. A 3-layers NN model was applied (dataset randomly splitted into 2/3 training and 1/3 testing). Using histopathological reference standard, NN performance for nodal involvement (N0/N+ patient) was calculated by ROC analysis in terms of: area under the curve (AUC), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV). Diagnostic performance of PET visual analysis (N+ patient: at least one node with uptake ≥ mediastinal blood-pool) and of logistic regression (LR) was evaluated.Results: Histology proved 108/540 (20%) nodal-metastatic patients. Among all collected data, relevant features selected as input parameters were: patients' age, tumor parameters (size, PET visual and semiquantitative features, histotype, grading), PET visual nodal result (patient-based, as N0/N+ and N0/N1/N2). Training and testing NN performance (AUC = 0.849, 0.769): ACC = 80 and 77%; SE = 72 and 58%; SP = 81 and 81%; PPV = 50 and 44%; NPV = 92 and 89%, respectively. Visual PET performance: ACC = 82%, SE = 32%, SP = 94%; PPV = 57%, NPV = 85%. Training and testing LR performance (AUC = 0.795, 0.763): ACC = 75 and 77%; SE = 68 and 55%; SP = 77 and 82%; PPV = 43 and 43%; NPV = 90 and 88%, respectively.Conclusions: aNN application to preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT provides overall good performance for predicting nodal involvement in NSCLC patients candidate to surgery, especially for ruling out nodal metastases, being NPV the best diagnostic result; a high NPV was also reached by PET qualitative assessment. Moreover, in such population with low a priori nodal involvement probability, aNN better identify the relatively few and unexpected nodal-metastatic patients than PET analysis, so supporting the additional aNN use in case of PET-negative images.
An Analysis of the Potential Relationship of Triglyceride Glucose and Body Mass Index With Stroke Prognosis
Authors: Hou Zongyi , Pan Yuesong , Yang Yindong , Yang Xiaofan , Xiang Xianglong , Wang Yilong , Li Zixiao , Zhao Xingquan , Li Hao , Meng Xia , Wang Yongjun 
Published: April 2021

Background: The inverse association between obesity and outcome in stroke patients (known as the obesity paradox) has been widely reported, yet mechanistic details explaining the paradox are limited. The triglyceride glucose (TYG) index has been proposed as a marker of insulin resistance. We sought to explore possible associations of the TYG index, body mass index (BMI), and stroke outcome.Methods: We identified 12,964 ischemic stroke patients without a history of diabetes mellitus from the China National Stroke Registry and classified patients as either low/normal weight, defined as a BMI &lt;25 kg/m2, or overweight/obese, defined as a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. We calculated TYG index and based on which the patients were divided into four groups. A Cox or logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between BMI and TYG index and its influence on stroke outcomes, including stroke recurrence all-cause mortality and poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 3–6) at 12 months.Results: Among the patients, 63.3% were male, and 36.7% were female, and the mean age of the patient cohort was 64.8 years old. The median TYG index was 8.62 (interquartile range, 8.25–9.05). After adjusting for multiple potential covariates, the all-cause mortality of overweight/obese patients was significantly lower than that of the low/normal weight patients (6.17 vs. 9.32%; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.847; 95% CI 0.732–0.981). The difference in mortality in overweight/obese and low/normal weight patients with ischemic stroke was not associated with TYG index, and no association between BMI and TYG index was found.Conclusion: Overweight/obese patients with ischemic stroke have better survival than patients with low/normal weight. The association of BMI and stroke outcome is not changed by TYG index.
Exploratory Study of the Clinical Value of Near-Infrared Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping With Indocyanine Green in Vulvar Cancer Patients
Authors: Siegenthaler Franziska , Imboden Sara , Knabben Laura , Mohr Stefan , Papadia Andrea , Mueller Michael D. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of indocyanine green sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in patients with vulvar cancer. The conventional procedure of SLN mapping in vulvar cancer includes peritumoral injection of technetium-99m nanocolloid before surgery and intraoperative injection of a blue dye. However, these techniques harbor some limitations. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green has gained popularity in SLN mapping in different types of cancer.MethodsWe analyzed retrospectively vulvar cancer patients at our institution between 2013 and 2020 undergoing indocyanine green SLN mapping by applying video telescope operating microscope system technology.Results64 groins of 34 patients were analyzed. In 53 groins we used technetium-99m nanocolloid, in four patent blue, and in five both techniques, additionally to indocyanine green for SLN detection. In total, 120 SLNs were identified and removed. The SLN detection rate of indocyanine green was comparable to technetium-99m nanocolloid (p=.143) and higher than patent blue (p=.003). The best results were achieved using a combination of ICG and technetium-99m nanocolloid (detection rate of 96.9%). SLN detection rates of indocyanine green were significantly higher in patients with positive lymph nodes (p=.035) and lymphatic space invasion (p=.004) compared to technetium-99m nanocolloid.ConclusionIndocyanine green SLN mapping in vulvar cancer is feasible and safe, with reasonable detection rates. Due to its easy application and few side effects, it offers a sound alternative to the conventional SLN mapping techniques in vulvar cancer. In patients with lymph node metastasis, indocyanine green even outperformed technetium-99m nanocolloid in terms of detection rate.
Strategies to Approach Medicines Litigation: An Action Research Study in Brazil
Authors: Machado Fernanda Lacerda da Silva , dos Santos Danielle Maria de Souza Serio , Lopes Luciane Cruz 
Published: April 2021

Background: In the last decades, litigation has been increasingly used to access medicines in Brazil. This phenomenon has led to the development of diverse strategies to reduce its negative impact on the organization of pharmaceutical services. In spite of that, managers still face difficulties dealing with lawsuits.Objective: This study aims to report the planning and implementation of strategies to approach medicines litigation in a municipality located in the southeast region of Brazil.Methods: Mixed methods were employed through an action research cycle. A network coordination team included researchers from university and municipal managers. The scenario analysis comprised the characterization of pharmaceutical services and the profile of medicines lawsuits. Afterward, strategies were planned to deal with the central problem identified. The action plan involved educational outreach visits and distribution of printed materials for health professionals, evaluated through opinion survey. Group conversations were conducted with the users of the public health system, followed by thematic analysis of reports.Results: The characterization of pharmaceutical services in the municipality revealed that treatments supplied were in accordance with the National Medicines Policy. In addition, a sector was implemented to attend demands for non-incorporated medicines. In spite of the services available, the characterization of lawsuits indicated that the main claimants were users of the public health system, requiring non-incorporated medicines, with therapeutic alternatives available. Thus, educational outreach visits were held in 14 health units (23 physicians in total). Everyone who answered the evaluation declared that they were very satisfied with the approach. Group conversations with the users of the health system reached 227 participants in total. In regard to users’ perception about pharmaceutical services, thematic analysis of reports identified three main categories including aspects related to medicines provided, users assisted, and quality of service.Conclusion: The study described the first cycle of an action research project to develop strategies to approach medicines litigation at the municipal level. The application of educational outreach visits for health professionals and group conversations with health system users is a promising approach to improve access to information about pharmaceutical services in Brazil.
CYP3A5 and UGT1A9 Polymorphisms Influence Immunosuppressive Therapy in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Krall Paola , Yañez Dominique , Rojo Angélica , Delucchi Ángela , Córdova Miguel , Morales Jorge , Boza Pía , de la Rivera Alonso , Espinoza Natalie , Armijo Natalia , Castañeda Luis E. , Farfán Mauricio J. , Salas Carolina 
Published: April 2021

Background: Tacrolimus (TAC) and mycophenolic acid (MPA) are the main immunosuppressive drugs used in pediatric kidney transplantation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in metabolizing enzymes and transporters might influence plasma levels of these drugs. Herein, we sought to determine the influence of SNPs on CYP3A5, MRP2 and UGT1A9 genes in Chilean pediatric kidney recipients using TAC and MPA.Patients and Methods: A prospective study was performed on 104 pediatric kidney recipients that used TAC and MPA for immunosuppression. The median age at the time of transplantation was 8.1 years [Q1–Q3 4.5–11.6 years] and the main clinical diagnosis was a structural anomaly. In a subgroup of patients, a complete steroid withdrawal was made at day 7. The CYP3A5 polymorphism (ancestral allele *1; variant allele *3) was determined in the entire cohort, while MRP2 -24G &gt; A, UGT1A9 -275T &gt; A, and UGT1A9 -2152C &gt; T polymorphisms were determined in 53 patients. Genotypes were associated with trough drug concentrations (C0), dose requirements normalized by weight (TAC-D mg/kg) or body surface (MPA-D mg/m2), trough levels normalized by dose requirements (C0/D), and area under the curve in 12 h normalized by dose requirements (AUC0–12h/D).Results: The frequencies of the variant alleles CYP3A5*3, MRP2-24A, UGT1A9-275A, and UGT1A9-2152T were 76.9, 22.1, 6.6, and 2.9%, respectively. AUC0–12h/TAC-D were 1.6-fold higher in CYP3A5*3/*3 patients than in CYP3A5*1 carriers (CYP3A5*1/*3 and CYP3A5*1/*1). When analyzing patients with steroid withdrawal, CYP3A5*3/*3 patients had 1.7-fold higher AUC0–12h/TAC-D than the other genotypes. Patients carrying the CYP3A5*3/*3 genotype had higher TAC-C0, lower TAC-D and higher TAC-C0/D, consistently in a 6-months follow-up. Creatinine clearance was stable during the follow-up, regardless of the genotype. No significant differences between MRP2 and UGT1A9 genotypes were observed in MPA-C0, MPA-D or MPA-C0/D. However, patients carrying the UGT1A9-275A allele had lower AUC0–12h/MPA-D than those carrying the UGT1A9-275T ancestral allele.Conclusions: These results support that CYP3A5 and UGT1A9 genotyping in pediatric recipients might be useful and advisable to guide TAC and MPA dosing and monitoring in children that undergo kidney transplantation.
RRx-001 Radioprotection: Enhancement of Survival and Hematopoietic Recovery in Gamma-Irradiated Mice
Authors: Jurgensen Kimberly J. , Skinner William K. J. , Oronsky Bryan , Abrouk Nacer D. , Graff Andrew E. , Landes Reid D. , Culp William E. , Summers Thomas A. , Cary Lynnette H. 
Published: April 2021

The present studies evaluate the in vivo prophylactic radioprotective effects of 1-bromoacetyl-3, 3-dinitroazetidine (RRx-001), a phase III anticancer agent that inhibits c-myc and downregulates CD-47, after total body irradiation (TBI), in lethally and sublethally irradiated CD2F1 male mice. A single dose of RRx-001 was administered by intraperitoneal (IP) injection 24 h prior to a lethal or sublethal radiation dose. When irradiated with 9.35 Gy, the dose lethal to 70% of untreated mice at 30 days (LD70/30), only 33% of mice receiving RRx-001 (10 mg/kg) 24 h prior to total body irradiation (TBI) died by day 30, compared to 67% in vehicle-treated mice. The same pretreatment dose of RRx-001 resulted in a significant dose reduction factor of 1.07. In sublethally TBI mice, bone marrow cellularity was increased at day 14 in the RRx-001-treated mice compared to irradiated vehicle-treated animals. In addition, significantly higher numbers of lymphocytes, platelets, percent hematocrit and percent reticulocytes were observed on days 7 and/or 14 in RRx-001-treated mice. These experiments provide proof of principle that systemic administration of RRx-001 prior to TBI significantly improves overall survival and bone marrow regeneration.
Computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test in a Swiss Pediatric Cohort Part 1: Validation
Authors: Hochstrasser Céline , Rieder Sarah , Jufer-Riedi Ursina , Klein Marie-Noëlle , Feinstein Anthony , Banwell Brenda L. , Steiner Michelle , Cao Li Mei , Lidzba Karen , Bigi Sandra 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to validate the computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test (c-SDMT) in a Swiss pediatric cohort, in comparing the Swiss sample to the Canadian norms. Secondly, we evaluated sex effects, age-effects, and test–retest reliability of the c-SDMT in comparison to values obtained for the paper and pencil version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT).MethodsThis longitudinal observational study was conducted in a single-center setting at the University Children’s Hospital of Bern. Our cohort consisted of 86 children (45 male and 41 female) aged from 8 to 16 years. The cohort included both healthy participants (n = 38) and patients (n = 48) hospitalized for a non-neurological disease. Forty eight participants were assessed during two testing sessions with the SDMT and the c-SDMT.ResultsTest–retest reliability was high in both tests (SDMT: ICC = 0.89, c-SDMT: ICC = 0.90). A reliable change index was calculated for the SDMT (RCIp = −3.18, 14.01) and the c-SDMT (RCIp = −5.45, 1.46) corrected for practice effects. While a significant age effect on information processing speed was observed, no such effect was found for sex. When data on the c-SDMT performance of the Swiss cohort was compared with that from a Canadian cohort, no significant difference was found for the mean time per trial in any age group. Norm values for age groups between 8 and 16 years in the Swiss cohort were established.ConclusionNorms for the c-SDMT between the Swiss and the Canadian cohort were comparable. The c-SDMT is a valid alternative to the SDMT. It is a feasible and easy to administer bedside tool due to high reliability and the lack of motor demands.
The Role of Illness-Related Beliefs in Depressive, Anxiety, and Anger Symptoms: An On-line Survey in Women With Hypothyroidism
Authors: Pankowski Daniel , Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska Kinga , Janowski Konrad , Pisula Ewa , Walicka Magdalena 
Published: April 2021

Hypothyroidism may affect 3–8.5% of the population and is a growing global health problem.Objective: The aim of the current study was to assess the relationships between cognitive representations of this illness and the severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and anger in women who suffer from hypothyroidism.Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design with on-line recruitment and measurements. A total of 354 women took part in the study and completed the following questionnaires: a 5-point self-rating scale that measures the three major symptoms of hypothyroidism, the Illness-Related Beliefs Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—Modified (HADS-M), and a clinical and sociodemographic data questionnaire.Results: The study found a relationship between the severity of emotional distress symptoms and illness-related beliefs. These beliefs were correlated with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and anger regardless of age, education, hormone levels or time since the diagnosis. In addition, the results of regression analyses, both hierarchical and stepwise, indicated that beliefs about the disease explained relatively high levels of the outcome variables (about 30% of the variance of depressive and anxiety symptoms and 16% of anger) as measured by HADS-M.Conclusions: Psychological factors seem to play an important role in the development of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and anger in patients with hypothyroidism. Psychosocial interventions targeting personal beliefs about the nature of the disease and its social aspects may be an effective way to reduce emotional distress symptoms.