bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regeneration and Genetic Transformation of Arabidopsis Pumila: An Ephemeral Plant Suitable for Investigating the Mechanisms for Adaptation to Desert Environments
Authors: Jin Yuhuan , Guo Li , Liu Danqing , Li Yongguang , Ai Hao , Huang xianzhong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Arabidopsis pumila is a type of cruciferous ephemeral plant, which in China mainly grows in the desert environments of northern Xinjiang. A. pumila not only has a short growth duration, but also has high photosynthetic efficiency, seed yield, salt tolerance, and drought resistance. It is an ideal species for the study of environmental adaptations in ephemeral plants. We induced callus tissue formation on the roots and hypocotyls of 8-day-old seedlings, and on the leaves and petioles of 4-week-old seedlings, and obtained multiple adventitious shoots on these tissues grown on Murashige and Skoog induction medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/L α-Naphthalene acetic acid. Young roots, hypocotyls, leaves, and petioles could all induce calluses, but the induction rate was highest on young roots. In addition, the leaves and petioles of 4-week-old seedlings were used as explants, the Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthase gene 1 of A. pumila controlled by 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus was used as target gene, and hygromycin B was used as screening antibiotic to explore Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 mediated transformation. The results showed that the callus induction rate of petiole explants was the highest when they were treated with Agrobacterium suspension (OD600 = 0.6) for 10 min and thenco-cultured in dark for 2 d. The qRT-PCR results showed that the ApP5CS1.1 gene was overexpressed in the transgenic plants. These protocols provide working research methods for exploring the cellular level adaptative mechanisms of this species to desert environments.
The Untold Story of Late Effects: A Qualitative Analysis of Breast Cancer Survivors’ Emotional Responses to Late Effects
Authors: Rosenberg Jodie , Butow Phyllis , Shaw Joanne 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer survivors are at increased risk of adverse outcomes, called late effects, years after the completion of active treatment. Late effects can significantly impair physical functioning. The current study aimed to explore breast cancer survivors’ experiences, perceptions and concerns about late effects.Methods 36 women treated for breast cancer in the last 10 years participated in semi-structured telephone interviews. Participant views were sought with respect to knowledge, experience and perceived longer-term risk. A thematic analysis was conducted.Results Four themes emerged from the data: (1) late effects awareness, (2) framing and coping, (3) uncertainty and (4) management. There was a range of emotional responses to late effects however many participants reported being unaware of their risk of late effects. Participants conceptualised late effects as any long-term effect of treatment regardless of the time of onset. Women reported living with constant uncertainty and feared cancer recurrence. Many were focused on managing long-term treatment side effects, rather than late effects.Conclusion Many women undergo treatment and remain unaware of associated late effect risks. National guidelines recommend patients be informed about late effects however the results of this study suggest a gap between policy and practice. Evidence-based interventions are needed to equip women with strategies to physically and emotionally manage late effects.
Effect of Polaron Hoping on Electrical Properties of Magneto Electric Composites
Authors: Ramteke Avinash A , Chougule P.K. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Co0.7-xNixMn0.3Fe2O4 (CNMFO) ferrites with x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15,PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3(PZT) ferroelectric and 30% CNMFO – 70% PZT magneto electric(ME) composites were synthesized by double sintering ceramic method. XRD confirms pure phase formation for all compositions of ferrite, ferroelectric and ME composites. All compositions of ferrites, ferroelectric and ME composites show negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) confirming the semiconducting behavior, though the conduction mechanism is quite different than known semiconductors such as, silicon and germanium. The conduction, due to electron hoping in semiconductors against polaron hoping in ferrites is explained. The effect of cation distribution on resistivity of ferrite phase is also discussed. Thus, effect of polaron hoping and cation distribution on resistivity and dielectric constant of ferroelectric and ME composites has been discussed. Effective resistance of ME composites due to combined resistance of the constituent phases has also been studied.
The Effect of Host, Habitat and Fasting Time on the Gut Microbiota of Amphibian
Authors: Tong Qing , Cui Li-yong , Hu Zong-fu , Du Xiao-peng , Wang Hong-bin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Wild animals entering captivity experience radical lifestyle changes resulting in microbiota alterations, in large part due to differences in diet. However, little is known about how external environmental factors influences the gut microbiota and the interaction of the environment-host-microbe interactions in host fasting. The gut microbiota in the early stage (amA and dyA groups) and late stage of hibernation in Rana amurensis and R. dybowskii of entering captivity (amL and dyL groups) and wild environments (amS and dyS groups) was determined, and the effects of host, environmental factors and fasting time on the gut microbiota were investigated via high-throughput Illumina sequencing. The Shannon index differed significantly between the amL and dyL groups and between the amA and amS groups. The PD index differed significantly between the dyL and dyS groups. Eight core OTUs were widely distributed between species, habitats and fasting times and were dominant in abundance. Captive and wild environments, host species, and fasting time significantly affected the composition and structure of the gut microbiota. Akaike information criterion (AIC)-based model results suggested that the environment and host were the variables that needed to be included in redundancy analysis (RDA) to explain the variance in taxa. The pairwise distances between the early and late stages of hibernation of were greater in R. amurensis and R. dybowskii entering captivity than in wild. The average of OTUs shared by early and late stages of hibernation of captive frogs was significantly lower than the average of wild frogs. These results can reveal the impact of environmental changes on the gut microbiota, thereby revealing the important interactions between environment-host-microbes, and helping to protect vertebrate hosts.
Availability and service provision of multidisciplinary diabetes foot units in Australia: A cross-sectional survey.
Authors: Vo Uyen Giao , Gilfillan Molly , Hamilton Emma Jane , Manning Laurens , Munshi Bijit , Hiew Jonathan , Norman Paul Edward , Ritter Jens Carsten 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: With growing global prevalence of diabetes mellitus, diabetes-related foot disease (DFD) is contributing significantly to disease burden. As more healthcare resources are being dedicated to the management of DFD, service design and delivery is being scrutinised. Through a national survey, this study aims to investigate the current characteristics of services which treat patients with DFD in Australia.Methods: An online survey was distributed to all 195 Australian members of the Australian and New Zealand Society for Vascular Surgery investigating aspects of DFD management in each member’s institution.Results: From the survey, 52 responses were received (26.7%). A multidisciplinary diabetes foot unit (MDFU) was available in more than half of respondent’s institutions, most of which were tertiary hospitals. The common components of MDFU were identified as podiatrists, endocrinologists, vascular surgeons and infectious disease physicians. Majority of respondents (84.3%) identified vascular surgery as being the primary admitting specialty for DFD patients that require hospitalisation. This finding was consistent even in centres with MDFU clinics. Less than 20% of MDFUs had independent admission rights.Conclusions: Most tertiary centres in Australia provide their diabetic foot service in a multidisciplinary environment however their composition and function remain heterogeneous. The findings of this study provide an opportunity to evaluate current practice and, to initiate strategies aimed to improve outcomes of patients with DFD.
One large tree crown can be defined as a local hotspot for plant species diversity in a forest ecosystem: a case study in temperate old-growth forest
Authors: Azuma Wakana. A , Komada Natsuki , Ogawa Yuya , Ishii Hiroaki , Nakanishi Akira , Noguchi Yuiko , Kanzaki Mamoru 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Large trees have survived for a long time, and their complex crown structure serves as habitat for epiphytic plants. Canopy plants are not as well studied in the temperate zones as in the tropics, because many of them are accidental epiphytes, epiphytic individuals of normally terrestrial species. We hypothesized that the canopy can serve as a refuge for terrestrial species that have difficulty establishing on the ground (e.g., insufficient light, over-browsing), promoting and conserving forest species diversity. Terrestrial species may also vary in their ability to adapt to canopy growth conditions. Here, we investigated canopy vascular plants hosted on a large Cercidiphyllum japonicum tree in a temperate old-growth forest, Japan. The canopy plant community was diverse with 39 vascular plant species, including 31 accidental epiphytes and six threatened, obligate epiphytes. High numbers of canopy plant species, including most accidental epiphytes, were found where multiple, large reiterated trunks as well as on large horizontal branches. Canopy plants leaves exhibited higher water use efficiency and higher nitrogen concentration compared to plants on the ground, but were controlled by transpirational water loss rather than by investing in leaf nitrogen with increasing height. We found at least 14 species could escape over-browsing by establishing in the canopy and may function as seed-sources for future re-colonization on the ground. Our results show one large tree crown can be defined as a local hotspot for current and future plant species diversity in a temperate old-growth forest, reinforcing its ecological value for conservation purposes.
GFRG Panels in Construction: A Potential Solution to Material Limitation
Authors: Salvi Snehal Ashok , Jadhav Vishal , Pate Nandini , Kamade Vaishali , Deshpande Janhavi , Chavan Aniruddha 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There is a huge growing requirement of building materials in India due to the existing housing shortage of 24.7 million units mainly for the low-income groups in urban India. Use of rapid techniques for timely delivery of construction projects by adopting fast methodologies and alternate building materials is necessary in India, given the tremendous housing shortage. Further, the construction has to be affordable and also sustainable. The construction technique proposed in this project, by making use of Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum (GFRG) panels (with reinforced concrete infilled cavities) to build homes, promises such a solution for rapid affordable mass housing in India. GFRG building system is a rapid building technology composed of prefabricated wall panel load bearing system. GFRG is also an eco-friendly building material which can be manufactured out of either natural or industrial gypsum.
Novel Three-Dimensional (3D) Carbon-Metal-Polymeric framework: Efficient removal of Chemical and Biological Contaminants
Authors: Venkataramanan Sasidharan , Sachan Deepa , Chauhan Divya , Talreja Neetu , Ashfaq Mohammad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The continuously increasing existence of contaminants such as chemical and biological mainly dye, bacteria, and heavy metals ions in water bodies has increased environmental concern due to their hostile effects on living things. Therefore, it the necessity to be developing newer material that skirmishes such environmental menace. The present works focus on the synthesis of a novel three-dimensional (3D) polymer-metal-carbon (3D-PMC) framework for the exclusion of contaminants (chemical and biological) from water bodies. Initially, polyurethane (PU) foam was treated with nitric acid and used as a scaffold for the development of 3D-PMC. The copper nanosheet (Cu-NS) were deposited on to the functionalized PU foam to produce Cu-NS-PU material. The mechanically exfoliated graphene and mixed with chitosan to produce a graphene-chitosan homogenous suspension. The produce homogenous suspension was deposited Cu-NS-PU for the development of the 3D-PMC framework. The prepared 3D-PMC framework was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-rays diffraction (XRD) analysis. The prepared 3D-PMC framework was subjected to various adsorption parameters to assess the sorption ability of the material. The prepared 3D-PMC framework was effectively used for the removal of chromium (Cr) metal ions and Congo-red (CR) dye from the water system. The synthesis of the 3D-PMC framework is simple, novel, cost-effective, and economically viable. Therefore, the prepared 3D-PMC framework has the potential to be used as a filter assembly in water treatment technologies.
Reduction of Pericyte Coverage Leads to Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Via Endothelial Transcytosis Following Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion
Authors: Sun Zhengyu , Gao Chenhao , Gao Dandan , Sun Ruihua , Li Wei , Wang Fengyu , Wang Yanliang , Cao Huixia , Zhou Guoyu , Zhang Jiewen , Shang Junkui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is the leading cause for cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). CCH is strongly associated with blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and white matter lesions (WML) in CSVD. But the effects of CCH on BBB integrity and constituents as well as the cellular and molecular mechanisms about the consequences of BBB dysfunction remain elusive. Whether maintaining BBB integrity can reverse CCH induced brain damage has also not been explored. Methods: In this study, we used a rat model of CSVD, established via permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO) to mimic the chronic hypoperfusive state of CSVD. The progression of BBB dysfunction and components of the BBB was assessed using immunostaining, western blotting and transmission electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test or two-tailed unpaired Student’s t tests.Results: We noted a transient yet severe breakdown of the BBB in the CC following CCH. The BBB was severely impaired as early as 1 day post operation and most severely impaired 3 days post operation. BBB breakdown preceded WML and neuroinflammatory responses. Moreover, pericyte loss was associated with BBB impairment and accumulation of serum proteins was mediated by increased endothelial transcytosis in the CC. BBB dysfunction led to brain damage by regulating TGF-β/Smad2 signaling. Further, protection of the BBB via inhibition of endothelial transcytosis ameliorated serum proteins leakage, microglial activation, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) activation and inappropriate TGF-β/Smad2 signaling activation. Conclusions: Our results indicate that reduced pericyte coverage leads to increased BBB permeability via endothelial transcytosis and protection of the BBB integrity ameliorates brain damage by regulating TGF-β/Smad2 signaling following CCH, therefore reversal of BBB dysfunction may be a promising strategy to treat CSVD.
Value Addition to Forecasting: Towards Kharif Rice Crop Predictability Through Local Climate Variations Associated With Indo-Pacific Climate Drivers.
Authors: Amat Hemadri Bhusan , Pradhan Maheswar , Tejavath C. T. , Dey Avijit , Rao Suryachandra A. , Sahai A. K. , Ashok Karumuri 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) has generated seasonal and extended range hindcast products for 1981-2008 and 2003-2016 respectively using the IITM-Climate Forecast System (IITM-CFS) coupled model at various resolutions and configurations. Notably, our observational analysis suggests that for the 1981-2008 period, the tropical Indo-Pacific drivers, namely, the canonical El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), ENSO Modoki, and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) are significantly associated with the observed Kharif rice production (KRP) of various rice-growing Indian states. In this paper, using the available hindcasts, we evaluate whether these state-of-the-art retrospective forecasts capture the relationship of the KRP of multiple states with the local rainfall as well as the tropical Indo-Pacific drivers, namely, the canonical ENSO, ENSO Modoki and the IOD. Using techniques of anomaly correlation, partial correlation, and pattern correlation, we surmise that the IITM-CFS successfully simulate the observed association of the tropical Indo-Pacific drivers with the local rainfall of many states during the summer monsoon. Significantly, the observed relationship of the local KRP with various climate drivers is predicted well for several Indian states such as United Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Odisha, and Bihar. The basis seems to be the model's ability to capture the teleconnections from the tropical Indo-Pacific drivers such as the IOD, canonical and Modoki ENSOs to the local climate, and consequently, the Kharif rice production.
Dietary Calcium Intake and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Loma District, South West Ethiopia, 2020&nbsp;
Authors: Tofu Adisu Hailu , Kassa Yibeltal , Amamo Damene Darota 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Low dietary calcium intakes could cause harmful effects to the pregnant woman by influencing pregnancy outcome. Adequate intake of dietary calcium during pregnancy reduces the risk of complications and aids in improved birth outcome. Many researchers focus on urban areas to address the issue and our study was focused on rural community. Hence the study is aimed at assessing dietary calcium intake in rural communities.Objective: To assess the dietary calcium intakes and associated factors among pregnant women in Loma, south west Ethiopia from May to July, 2019Methods: -A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Loma district, Dawuro zone, southwest Ethiopia. Data were collected from 398 pregnant women after random selection from nine kebeles. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select study subjects. Socio-economic and demographic, and health related data was collected using structured, interviewer administered, and pre tested questionnaire. The 24 hr dietary recall was used for three different days with seven days interval as per the recommendation. When dietary data is collected, often it was converted into nutrients, especially the calcium intake by using Ethiopian food composition table. Collected data was checked for completeness, and entered in to Epi Data version 3.02 for data clearance and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. AOR with 95% C.I results of multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the statistical significance of associations between independent and dependent variables. The level of statistical significance was declared at p <0.05.Result: The median calcium intake was 543mg per day. From 398 participants, 265(66.6%) were at risk of inadequate intake of calcium. Greater than half 249 (62.6%) respondents had practiced avoiding calcium rich food during their pregnancy. The finding of this study identified that nutritional counseling have strong statistical association with dietary calcium intake of mothers during pregnancy. The chance of dietary calcium intakes during pregnancy who were received nutritional counseling 2.4 times higher than those who were not received nutritional counseling (AOR=2.432 95% CI: 1.072-5.517).Conclusion and recommendation: From the present study, it can be concluded that, majority of pregnant mothers 265(66.6%) had a poor dietary calcium intakes during their pregnancy. It is recommended that consumption of enough calcium and dairy products should be included and emphasized in the nutrition education component of maternal health programs.
Linear Diamides Derivative-Nucleated Biodegradable Poly(ethylene succinate) Polyester: Crystallization Kinetics and Aggregated Structure Manipulated by Hydrogen Bond Interaction
Authors: Zhou Shanshan , Sun Yongyan , Ma Huimin , Jia Chunfeng , Sun Xiaoyu , Yang Yubin , Liu Juan , Yang Jinjun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A linear diamides derivative (TMC300) as a nucleating agent (NA) was incorporated into biodegradable poly(ethylene succinate) (PES) to investigate effect of TMC300 on nucleation, crystallizability, crystallization kinetics, aggregated structure of PES. TMC300 enhanced significantly crystallizability and crystallization temperature of PES in cooling process at a rate of 10 ℃/min from molten state, indicating that TMC300 exhibits an excellent nucleation effect on PES. IR measurement suggested that TMC300 interacts with amorphous carbonyl and ester group, and crystalline CH2 group of PES via hydrogen bond. Change rate of carbonyl group is comparable to that of C‒C backbone of PES, regardless of the presence or absence of TMC300. Small difference of diffraction peak in WAXD measurement between neat PES and PES/TMC300 is probably attributed to spherulitic orientation on film surface of neat PES, and different spatial arrangements in the same crystal lattice. TMC300 enhanced carbon residue yield of PES/TMC300 composite, probably related to slight flame retardance effect.
Analysis of major sperm proteins in two nematode species from two classes, Enoplus brevis (Enoplea, Enoplida) and Panagrellus redivivus (Chromadorea, Rhabditida), reveal similar localization, but less homology of protein sequences than expected for Nematoda phylum
Authors: Zograf Julia K. , Trebukhova Yulia A. , Yushin Vladimir V. , Yakovlev Konstantin V. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Major sperm proteins (MSP) are a nematode-specific system of motor proteins required for amoeboid sperm movement. A number of MSP genes vary in different nematode species, but encoded protein sequences reveal high homology between these proteins. In fact, all studies of MSPs localization and functions are based exclusively on the representatives of the order Rhabditida belonging to the nematode class Chromadorea, while MSP-driven sperm movement in Enoplea, another major clade of the phylum Nematoda is still unconfirmed. In this study, we found out the presence of MSPs in the enoplean nematode Enoplus brevis (Enoplida) and compared MSP localization in sperm of this species with the chromadorean nematode Panagrellus redivivus (Rhabditida). Then, we analyzed the putative MSP sequences of both species. Our results indicate that MSPs are presented in E. brevis spermatozoa and form filamentous structures after sperm activation, which may be considered as the evidence of their motor functions similar to those in the spermatozoa of chromadorean nematodes. We found that E. brevis MSPs show lower homology to known proteins of rhabditids which species reveal hyper-conservatism in MSP protein sequences. It reflects evidently more distant evolutionary relationships of Enoplea and Chromadorea than exist within Rhabditida order. Our data denote necessity of reconsideration of view on MSP evolution within Nematoda.