bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors for the duration until return to work after surgery for work‐related rotator cuff syndrome: A prospective study of 92 workers
Authors: Pichené‐Houard Anne , Paysant Jean , Claudon Laurent , Paris Nicolas , Michel Blaise , Jacquot Adrien , Martinet Noël , Sirveaux François , Wild Pascal 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundReturn to work (RTW) after surgery for a work‐related rotator cuff disorder (WRRCD) is often difficult. The study's purpose was to identify preoperative factors predicting RTW.MethodsNinety‐two workers with a WRRCD were identified by four surgeons. Before surgery, the workers completed a series of standardized questionnaires related to working conditions, health, and health beliefs. They were followed up prospectively for 20 months. Statistical analysis was based on single and multiple‐factor Cox models of the duration of absence from the time of surgery until RTW.ResultsThe median age at inclusion was 49 years (27–62), with 52 women included (57%). Sixty‐one subjects (66%) were employed in highly physically demanding jobs. Forty‐two (46%) stayed at work until their surgery, whereas preoperative sick leave exceeded 100 days in 20 subjects (21%). Twenty months after surgery, 14 were still not back at work. For the other participants, the mean duration until RTW was 225 days (SD 156). In the fully adjusted model, variables that were significantly predictive of the duration until RTW were: work physical demand levels, preoperative sick leave, the number of body parts causing pain or discomfort in the last 12 months, self‐assessed 2‐year workability, and the Readiness for RTW (RRTW) Scale.ConclusionsSeveral physical, psychological, and work‐related factors, easily recorded, can be identified preoperatively. They may be predictive of delayed return, loss of employment, or employability as a result of shoulder surgery.
Chemo‐selective Synthesis of 4‐Chloro‐3‐(arylethynyl)coumarins and their Synthetic Transformations
Authors: Rao Maddali L. N. , Nand Sachchida 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA study describing the chemoselective reactivity of 4‐chloro‐3‐(2,2‐dibromovinyl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐ones with triarylbismuth reagents in the synthesis of 4‐chloro‐3‐(arylethynyl)coumarins under Pd‐catalyzed conditions is presented. A viable Pd‐catalyzed protocol for the chemoselective cross‐coupling reactivity of the 3‐gem‐dibromide in comparison to the 4‐chloro substituent in coumarin substrates is developed. The synthetic scope of 4‐chloro‐3‐(arylethynyl)coumarins with reactive 4‐chloro substituent was further demonstrated in the synthesis of 2‐(arylethynyl)benzofurans, 4‐(N‐heteroaryl)‐3‐(arylethynyl)coumarins, and 4‐methoxy‐3‐(p‐tolylethynyl)coumarin under different reaction conditions.
Direct Experimental Characterization of a Bridged Bicyclic Glycosyl Dioxacarbenium Ion by 1H and 13C NMR Spectroscopy: Importance of Conformation on Participation by Distal Esters
Authors: Upadhyaya Kapil , Subedi Yagya P. , Crich David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLow‐temperature NMR studies with a 4‐C‐methyl‐4‐O‐benzoyl galactopyranosyl donor enable the observation and characterization of a bridged bicyclic dioxacarbenium ion arising from participation by a distal ester. Variable‐temperature NMR studies reveal this bridged ion to decompose at temperatures above ≈−30 °C. In the absence of the methyl group, the formation of a bicyclic ion is not observed. It is concluded that participation by typical secondary distal esters in glycosylation reactions is disfavored in the ground state conformation of the ester from which it is stereoelectronically impossible. Methylation converts the secondary ester to a conformationally more labile tertiary ester, removes this barrier, and renders participation more favorable. Nevertheless, the minor changes in selectivity in model glycosylation reactions on going from the secondary to the tertiary esters at both low and room temperature argue against distal group participation being a major stereodirecting factor even for the tertiary system.
Fabrication and investigation of multifunctional fluorinated polysiloxane coatings with phenyl as bridging group
Authors: Cai Lu , Lv Cun , Kang Jialiang , Wang Lili , He Xuemei , Zhou Tianchi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, we fabricated the multifunctional fluorophenyl polysiloxane coatings with different grafting densities of fluorophenyl groups. The structure and emulsion stability of fluorophenyl polysiloxanes were analyzed by Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance, particle size, and zeta potential, and the application performance of fluorophenyl polysiloxanes were investigated. FT‐IR spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy proved the successful application of fluorophenyl polysiloxanes onto cotton fabrics. Afterwards, the liquid repellency, thermal stability, and deepening performance of cotton fabrics treated with fluorophenyl polysiloxane coatings were investigated. Results showed that all the treated cotton fabrics possessed contact angles greater than 110°, and cotton fabrics treated with FPPS‐23 (fluorophenyl polysiloxane with 23% theoretical fluorine content) obtained the best thermal stability. Additionally, the blue cotton fabric and orange cotton fabric treated with FPPS‐23 had the best deepening performance with K/S values as 27.23 and 20.56, which increased by 34.20% and 16.82%, respectively.
Polycyclic Arenes Dihydrodinaphthopentacene‐based Hole‐Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells Application
Authors: Chandrasekaran Dharuman , Chiu Yu‐Lin , Yu Chun‐Kai , Yen Yung‐Sheng , Chang Yuan‐Jay 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, two D‐π‐D type compounds, C1 and C2, containing dihydrodinaphthopentacene (DHDNP) as a π‐bridge, p‐methoxydiphenylamine and p‐methoxytriphenylamine groups as the donor groups were synthesized. The four 4‐hexylphenyl groups at the sp3‐carbon bridges of DHDNP were acquainted with control morphology and improving solubility. The light absorption, energy level, thermal properties, and application as hole‐transporting materials in perovskite solar cells of these compounds were fully investigated. The HOMO/LUMO levels and energy gaps of these DHDNP‐based molecules are suitable for use as hole‐transporting materials in PSCs. The best power conversion efficiencies of the PVSCs based on the C1 and C2 are 15.96% and 12.86%, respectively. The performance of C1 is comparable to that of the reference compound spiro‐OMeTAD (16.38%). Compared with spiro‐OMeTAD, the C1‐based PVSC device showed good stability, which was slightly decreased to 98.68% of its initial efficiency after 48 h and retained 81% of its original PCE after 334 h without encapsulation. These results reveal the potential usefulness of the DHDNP building block for further development of economical and highly efficient HTMs for PVSCs.
Reducing tumor invasiveness by ramucirumab and TGF‐β receptor kinase inhibitor in a diffuse‐type gastric cancer patient‐derived cell model
Authors: Lee Song‐Yi , Byeon Seonggyu , Ko Jihoon , Hyung Sujin , Lee In‐Kyoung , Jeon Noo Li , Hong Jung Yong , Kim Seung Tae , Park Se Hoon , Lee Jeeyun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDiffuse‐type gastric cancer (GC) is known to be more aggressive and relatively resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Hence, more optimized treatment strategy is urgently needed in diffuse‐type GC.MethodsUsing a panel of 10 GC cell lines and 3 GC patient‐derived cells (PDCs), we identified cell lines with high EMTness which is a distinct feature for diffuse‐type GC. We treated GC cells with high EMTness with ramucirumab alone, TGF‐β receptor kinase inhibitor (TEW‐7197) alone, or in combination to investigate the drug's effects on invasiveness, spheroid formation, EMT marker expression, and tumor‐induced angiogenesis using a spheroid‐on‐a‐chip model.ResultsBoth TEW‐7197 and ramucirumab treatments profoundly decreased invasiveness of EMT‐high cell lines and PDCs. With a 3D tumor spheroid‐on‐a‐chip, we identified versatile influence of co‐treatment on cancer cell‐induced blood vessel formation as well as on EMT progression in tumor spheroids. The 3D tumor spheroid‐on‐a‐chip demonstrated that TEW‐7197 + ramucirumab combination significantly decreased PDC‐induced vessel formation.ConclusionsIn this study, we showed TEW‐7197 and ramucirumab considerably decreased invasiveness, thus EMTness in a panel of diffuse‐type GC cell lines including GC PDCs. Taken together, we confirmed that combination of TEW‐7197 and ramucirumab reduced tumor spheroid and GC PDC‐induced blood vessel formation concomitantly in the spheroid‐on‐a‐chip model.
Magneto‐chiral anisotropy: From fundamentals to perspectives
Authors: Atzori Matteo , Train Cyrille , Hillard Elizabeth A. , Avarvari Narcis , Rikken Geert L. J. A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe interplay between chirality and magnetic fields gives rise to a cross effect referred to as magneto‐chiral anisotropy (MChA), which can manifest itself in different physical properties of chiral magnetized materials. The first experimental demonstration of MChA was by optical means with visible light. Further optical manifestations of MChA have been evidenced across most of the electromagnetic spectrum, from terahertz to X‐rays. Moreover, exploiting the versatility of molecular chemistry toward chiral magnetic systems, many efforts have been made to identify the microscopic origins of optical MChA, necessary to advance the effect toward technological applications. In parallel, the replacement of light by electric current has allowed the observation of nonreciprocal electrical charge transport in both molecular and inorganic conductors as a result of electrical MChA (eMChA). MChA in other domains such as sound propagation, photochemistry, and electrochemistry are still in their infancy, with only a few experimental demonstrations, and offer wide perspectives for further studies with potentially large impact, like the understanding of the homochirality of life. After a general introduction to MChA, we give a complete review of all these phenomena, particularly during the last decade.
Artificial intelligent based smart system for safe mining during foggy weather
Authors: Kumari Sushma , Choudhary Monika , Mishra Richa , Chaulya Swades Kumar , Prasad Girendra Mohan , Mandal Sujit Kumar , Banerjee Gautam 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOpencast mining operations at hilly areas are usually affected during foggy weather due to the inability of drivers to operate heavy earth‐moving machinery in low visibility conditions. This article deals with an intelligent vision enhancement system for continuing opencast mining operations during foggy weather. The system integrates hardware and software to provide multistage safety features that make it unique from existing systems. The system includes hardware like thermal cameras, high definition cameras, proximity radar, wireless devices, GNSS module, graphical processing unit, display unit, and so forth, and image processing software, namely real‐time image stitching, image enhancement, and object detection using convolutional neural networks. The integrated system and algorithms display a 180° panorama field view of the vehicle's front using real‐time video stitching. The front view after image processing, rear camera view, object detection through proximity radar, and real‐time location of the vehicles on a 3D geo‐tagged mine map by GNSS modules are displayed in four splitter windows on a touch screen fitted on the dashboard in front of the driver's seat. The driver can drive the vehicle by seeing the display screen during foggy weather. The output image of the developed image‐processing algorithm has less distortion, better quality, and better depth perception than existing methods. Overall, there are significant improvements in the persistence of the color elements by 39.65%, contrast by 4.62%, and the corresponding entropy by 7.11% concerning the similar existing methods. The final system has been successfully tested in an opencast mine.
Grey wolf optimization with fuzzy logic for energy‐efficient communication in wireless sensor network‐based Internet of Things scenario
Authors: Verma Kritika , Baliyan Niyati 
Published: September 2021

SummaryWireless sensor network is an essential building block for Internet of Things (IoT) due to its usage for collecting and sensing data by the sensor nodes in a nearby environment. Energy efficiency is an important requirement for these networks as the sensors used are short on power and memory. In this paper, an enhanced energy‐efficient clustering protocol is proposed that works on three major phases under network setup: grid formation and grid head selection, clustering, and cluster head (CH) selection. Clustering is achieved using nature‐inspired grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm, and CH selection is accomplished using fuzzy inference‐based system. Simulation is performed in MATLAB software, and the protocol is evaluated in terms of network lifetime, the first node dead (FND), half node dead (HND), and last node dead (LND). Additionally, a prototype modeling of IoT using the Thingspeak IoT Platform provided by Mathworks is also integrated with the proposed protocol to demonstrate its usage in IoT applications. The simulation results indicated that the proposed scheme attained better performance in preserving energy and extending network lifetime.
Treatment of achalasia with peroral endoscopic myotomy in situs inversus totalis
Authors: Fujiyoshi Mary Raina Angeli , Shimamura Yuto , Fujiyoshi Yusuke , Ushikubo Kei , Shibata Yuki , Nishikawa Yohei , Ono Masashi , Ikeda Haruo , Onimaru Manabu , Inoue Haruhiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPeroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has become established as a safe, effective, and versatile minimally invasive endoscopic treatment for achalasia and other esophageal motility disorders. Situs inversus totalis is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a completely reversed position (mirror‐image) of the thoracic and abdominal visceral organs. This case report demonstrated a successful treatment of achalasia in a situs inversus totalis by POEM.Similar to the POEM procedure in a normal patient, it is important to maintain the orientation throughout the submucosal tunneling while keeping in mind the reversed orientation and anatomical landmarks. The submucosal tunnel and myotomy were created by an anterior approach which is in this case located at the reversed axis, at 10 o'clock position. There were no major technical modifications needed to be carried out by the operator. No adverse events were noted. Improvement in the Eckardt Symptom Score as well as the barium esophagogram and high‐resolution manometry findings on 2‐month follow‐up exhibited that although POEM was performed in a reversed orientation, similar effects and outcomes were achieved, indicating a successful procedure in this case.In summary, by keeping in mind the reversed positioning and anatomical landmarks in situs inversus totalis, POEM shows to be a safe, effective, and versatile intervention in treating achalasia in situs inversus totalis without the need for major modifications in the procedural technique.
Effects of the sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin on vascular function in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Kolwelter Julie , Bosch Agnes , Jung Susanne , Stabel Lena , Kannenkeril Dennis , Ott Christian , Bramlage Peter , Schiffer Mario , Achenbach Stephan , Schmieder Roland E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsImpairment of vascular function contributes to the progression of chronic heart failure (HF) by increasing the afterload. Treatment with selective sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improves the prognosis of HF, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of empagliflozin on vascular function in patients with HF.Methods and resultsIn an investigator initiated, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group, clinical study, patients with HF NYHA II‐III and an ejection fraction of 49% or less were randomized 2:1 to receive empagliflozin 10 mg once daily or placebo for 3 months. A total of 74 patients (15% female), aged 66 ± 9 years, with a mean ejection fraction of 39 ± 8% and a median NTproBNP of 558 pg/mL (IQR 219–1051 pg/mL), were included. Vascular parameters such as central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), central pulse pressure (cPP), forward (FPH), and reflected pressure pulse height (RPH) decreased under resting conditions after 1 and 3 months (1 month: cSBP −6.4 ± 8.3 mmHg, P < 0.001, cPP −3.0 ± 6.6 mmHg, P = 0.004, FPH −2.5 ± 4.5 mmHg, P = 0.001, RPH −1.6 ± 3.0 mmHg, P = 0.001; 3 months: cSBP −4.6 ± 8.4 mmHg, P = 0.001, cPP −3.1 ± 4.8 mmHg, P < 0.001, FPH −1.7 ± 3.7 mmHg, P = 0.004, RPH −1.4 ± 2.5 mmHg, P = 0.001) in patients treated with empagliflozin (n = 45). In accordance, cSBP and cPP decreased in patients with empagliflozin treatment under 24 h ambulatory conditions after 1 and 3 months (1 month: cSBP −4.8 ± 10.1 mmHg, P = 0.003, cPP −2.0 ± 5.7 mmHg, P = 0.026; 3 months: cSBP −4.7 ± 9.0 mmHg, P = 0.002, cPP −2.1 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.044). In the placebo group, there was no significant change after 1 and 3 months. The decrease in cSBP under resting conditions (−5.7 ± 2.4 mmHg, P = 0.019) after 1 month and in cSBP (−6.0 ± 2.6, P = 0.027) as well as in pulse wave velocity (−0.5 ± 0.2 m/s, P = 0.021) under 24 h ambulatory conditions after 3 months was greater in the empagliflozin group than in the placebo group.ConclusionsWe found an improvement of vascular function after treatment with empagliflozin that indicates decreased afterload of the left ventricle and may contribute to the beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibition in HF.
Boronic Acid Substituted Polyaniline Based Enzymatic Biosensor System for Catechol Detection
Authors: Kalkan Zeycan , Yence Merve , Turk Fatih , Bektas Tamer U. , Ozturk Soner , Surdem Sedat , Yildirim‐Tirgil Nimet 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this research, an electrochemical enzymatic biosensor system for sensitive and selective catechol detection was developed with using boric acid substituted Polyaniline film coated two different electrodes; gold screen‐printed electrode and glassy carbon electrode. Electropolymerization of 3‐aminophenylboronic acid is carried out through various electropolymerization conditions, and the best conditions for biosensors systems are concluded. The developed tyrosinase enzyme‐based biosensor system is used for the determination of catechol. The limit of detections(LOD) of the developed biosensor was 0.25 μM and 1.8 μM with Au SPE and GCE systems, respectively. Additionally, real sample analysis was also performed for controlled catechol added green tea samples.
Experimental investigation on the damage accumulation of reinforced concrete columns under mainshock‐aftershock sequences
Authors: Sun Pengyu , Zhai Changhai , Wen Weiping 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper presents the details and results of shaking table tests conducted on six 1/3‐scaled reinforced concrete columns subjected to mainshock‐aftershock (MSAS) ground motions. For each of the two subsets distinguished by the axial compression ratio in the test matrix, one column specimen was subjected to a standard cyclic loading protocol, whereas the second specimen was subjected to a mainshock ground motion record followed by a standard cyclic loading protocol. The third specimen was subjected to MSAS ground motion records followed by a standard cyclic loading protocol. The cyclic loading protocol was used to examine the degradation of the seismic capacity of the specimens. The intensity of the aftershock ground motion record was 0.68 times that of the mainshock ground motion record. The test results indicated that the damage accumulation of columns induced by the MSAS sequence is significant in the shaking table tests, and the MSAS‐induced maximum displacement of the specimen with an axial compression ratio of 0.4 was approximately twice as large as that induced by mainshock only. In comparison with the mainshock only case, the aftershock further reduced the structural strength and stiffness of the specimens by 9% and 7%, respectively. The ductility of the specimens tended to decrease with the increase of damage. The damage accumulation of the column with a higher axial compression ratio was more serious than that observed in a column with a lower axial compression ratio.
Autocyclic (avulsion‐induced) base‐level change, its upstream and downstream controls, and effects on floodbasin sedimentation: The 1870s avulsion of the Saskatchewan River, Cumberland Marshes, Canada
Authors: Morozova Galina S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study examines centennial‐scale hydrological and sedimentological effects of floodplain inundation by avulsion and its upstream and downstream controls. The 1870s avulsion in Cumberland Marshes diverted the Saskatchewan River flow towards Cumberland Lake, a local base level. It invaded a poorly drained sub‐basin of Cumberland Marshes floodplain linked to the parent Saskatchewan River by two small outlets in the resistant substrate. The rapid increase in inflow (~5× on average) during the earlier stages of the avulsion resulted in the base‐level rise and floodplain inundation by the avulsion lake. Since the early 20th century, the forced regression of the avulsion lake occurred, caused by ~5× outlet channel enlargement by ‘hungry‐water’ outflows, whereas the mean lake inflows experienced little change. The avulsion lake served as an effective sediment trap and was filled by predominantly progradational sandy and silty avulsion deposits up to 3–4 m thick, covering about 700 km2. Elsewhere, fluviodeltaic settings with ‘negative relief’ and limited hydrologic connectivity with the rest of the floodplain may be prone to avulsion lakes that form if the rates of inflow increased by avulsion exceed the rates of outflow. Avulsion lakes can last for ~100 years or more before they drain and/or become filled by overbank sediments. On well‐drained floodplains, inundations by avulsions are expected to be short‐term and result in little progradational deposition. This study demonstrates that in some local hydrographic basins, base level becomes a variable of an evolving avulsion rather than its fixed external control. Although avulsion‐induced base‐level changes are short‐lived, they affect 102–103 km2 of a floodplain and occur rapidly, accompanied by high aggradation rates.