bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy competent cluster‐based secured CH routing EC2SR protocol for mobile wireless sensor network
Authors: Rajesh Dennison , Jaya Thirasamma 
Published: November 2021

SummaryMobile wireless sensor network (MWSN) consists of several wireless mobile sensor nodes which animatedly broadcast information among themselves without dependence of base station. Because of its unique mobility and energetic environment, MWSNs are more vulnerable to many forms of assaults and network protection. Any unusual activity that threatens resource dependability, privacy, or accessibility is referred to as an interruption. A novel, dynamic energy efficient cluster‐based secure routing identifies these challenges while discovering exact routing and identifying malicious node in MWSN. Design is organized as a dynamic hierarchy in which data is disseminated without loss from source to destination. Clustering methods are used to rearrange the dynamic hierarchy in order to improve communication. Cluster heads are chosen depending on residual energy and topology change. Proposed protocol is used for securing data and routing tactic will broadcasting. Simulation of energy efficient cluster‐based secured routing protocol is carried out by NS2. This routing protocol provides enhanced energy efficiency, secured clustering, lifetime of network and reduces network overhead.
Context dependency of disease‐mediated competitive release in bat assemblages following white‐nose syndrome
Authors: Bombaci Sara P. , Russell Robin E. , St. Germain Michael J. , Dobony Christopher A. , Ford W. Mark , Loeb Susan C. , Jachowski David S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhite‐nose syndrome (WNS) has caused dramatic declines of several cave‐hibernating bat species in North America since 2006, which has increased the activity of non‐susceptible species in some geographic areas or during times of night formerly occupied by susceptible species—indicative of disease‐mediated competitive release (DMCR). Yet, this pattern has not been evaluated across multiple bat assemblages simultaneously or across multiple years since WNS onset. We evaluated whether WNS altered spatial and temporal niche partitioning in bat assemblages at four locations in the eastern United States using long‐term datasets of bat acoustic activity collected before and after WNS arrival. Activity of WNS‐susceptible bat species decreased by 79–98% from pre‐WNS levels across the four study locations, but only one of our four study sites provided strong evidence supporting the DMCR hypothesis in bats post‐WNS. These results suggest that DMCR is likely dependent on the relative difference in activity by susceptible and non‐susceptible species groups pre‐WNS and the relative decline of susceptible species post‐WNS allowing for competitive release, as well as the amount of time that had elapsed post‐WNS. Our findings challenge the generality of WNS‐mediated competitive release between susceptible and non‐susceptible species and further highlight declining activity of some non‐susceptible species, especially Lasiurus borealis, across three of four locations in the eastern United States. These results underscore the broader need for conservation efforts to address the multiple potential interacting drivers of bat declines on both WNS‐susceptible and non‐susceptible species.
COVID‐19 and black fungus: Analysis of the public perceptions through machine learning
Authors: Imtiaz Khan Nafiz , Mahmud Tahasin , Nazrul Islam Muhammad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhile COVID‐19 is ravaging the lives of millions of people across the globe, a second pandemic “black fungus” has surfaced robbing people of their lives especially people who are recovering from coronavirus. Thus, the objective of this article is to analyze public perceptions through sentiment analysis regarding black fungus during the COVID‐19 pandemic. To attain the objective, first, a support vector machine (SVM) model, with an average AUC of 82.75%, was developed to classify user sentiments in terms of anger, fear, joy, and sad. Next, this SVM model was used to predict the class labels of the public tweets (n = 6477) related to COVID‐19 and black fungus. As outcome, this article found public perceptions towards black fungus during COVID‐19 pandemic belong mostly to sad (n= 2370, 36.59%), followed by joy (n = 2095, 32.34%), fear (n = 1914, 29.55%) and anger (n = 98, 1.51%). This article also found that public perceptions are varied to some critical concerns like education, lockdown, hospital, oxygen, quarantine, and vaccine. For example, people mostly exhibited fear in social media about education, hospital, vaccine while some people expressed joy about education, hospital, vaccine, and oxygen. Again, it was found that mass people have an ignorance tendency to lockdown, COVID‐19 restrictions, and prescribed hygiene rules although the coronavirus and black fungus infection rates broke the previous infection records.
Potential applications of distributed optical fiber sensor in hydrate‐induced sedimentary deformation research
Authors: Teng Ying , Wang Pengfei , Zhou Yabin , Wei Yang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNatural gas hydrate is regarded as a potential clean energy source. However, hydrate phase transition during gas production leads to significant hydrate‐bearing sedimentary layer deformation, which is one of the main obstacles for safe hydrate exploitation. In this study, distributed optical fiber sensors were used to examine the porous medium deformation induced by phase change and verify its feasibility for application in hydrate research. Experiments on ice formation in a porous medium were conducted to mimic the hydrate formation in sediments. Optical fiber sensors were used to record and analyze the strain characteristics caused by the deformation of porous medium during the phase change process. The frequency shift during the cooling process shows that the fiber segment sensitivity is influenced by its initial length and tightness. In experiments with porous medium, the strain caused by the phase change exhibited a linear trend. In a comparative experiment using pure water, the strain caused by the phase change showed a nonlinear trend. The results indicate that the porous medium deformation induced by phase change can be accurately evaluated using strain data from distributed optical fiber sensors. The strain results also reflect the rate of the phase change. This study proves that the distributed optical fiber sensor has the potential to clarify the deformation characteristics of porous medium caused by hydrate phase change.
Phytochemical profile and anti‐oxidation activity changes during ginger (Zingiber officinale) harvest: Baby ginger attenuates lipid accumulation and ameliorates glucose uptake in HepG2 cells
Authors: Li Haiwen , Rafie Reza , Xu Zhidong , Siddiqui Rafat A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe determined the phenolic content and anti‐oxidation properties of ginger at different harvesting time and tested its effects on lipid droplet formation and glucose uptake in HepG2 cells. Ginger samples at different stages of maturity were harvested every two weeks starting from mid‐October for 16 weeks. Our data indicate that ginger has the highest phenolic contents and superior anti‐oxidation activity when harvested early (immature baby ginger); however, the concentration of phenolic contents and its anti‐oxidation activity were progressively reduced up to 50% as ginger matures. Furthermore, the data indicate that baby ginger extract inhibits lipid accumulation and triglyceride content in oleic acid‐induced HepG2 cells up to 20% in a dose‐dependent manner. Baby ginger exhibited significant inhibition of α‐amylase enzyme activity by 29.5% and ameliorated glucose uptake in HepG2 cell at similar level. Our results suggest that harvesting ginger at an appropriate (early) time may be beneficial for optimizing its biological active contents and qualitative properties. The data also suggest that a regular use of ginger can potentially lower incidences of obesity and diabetes.
Large scale healthcare facility redevelopment: A scoping review
Authors: Eljiz Kathy , Greenfield David , Vrklevski Lila , Derrett Alison , Ryan David 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInternationally, organisations are undertaking large scale facility redevelopment as a strategy for the transformation of care systems. Redeveloping facilities provides a once in a generation opportunity to transform health service delivery, typically, however, system level changes are poorly understood. To address this gap, our aim was to investigate the empirical knowledge base regarding large scale redevelopment of healthcare facilities. A scoping review was undertaken, guided by the redeveloped health service management (HSM) scoping review framework (HSM‐SRF). Across 17 articles, five key concepts were identified, and they form the principles for successful redevelopment. First, establish a strong governance framework integrating diverse expertise and evidence base. Second, engage with internal and external stakeholders to build effectual relationships. Third, consult with end users, including clinicians and patients, to encourage the acceptance of the redevelopment and actively manage stakeholder dynamics, including politics and power undercurrents. Fourth, commit appropriate resources, including time, workforce, technology and finance to ensure redevelopment success. Finally, reimagine workflows through consultation with end users, including staff and consumers, allowing them to conceptualise how the space will be utilised. This scoping review is the first to synthesise the empirical knowledge base of the redevelopment of healthcare facilities.
Expert Consensus Guidelines: How to safely perform minimally invasive anatomic liver resection
Authors: Gotohda Naoto , Cherqui Daniel , Geller David A. , Abu Hilal Mohammed , Berardi Giammauro , Ciria Ruben , Abe Yuta , Aoki Takeshi , Asbun Horacio J. , Chan Albert C. Y. , Chanwat Rawisak , Chen Kuo‐Hsin , Chen Yajin , Cheung Tan To , Fuks David , Han Ho‐Seong , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Hatano Etsuro , Honda Goro , Itano Osamu , Iwashita Yukio , Kaneko Hironori , Kato Yutaro , Kim Ji Hoon , Liu Rong , López‐Ben Santiago , Morimoto Mamoru , Monden Kazuteru , Rotellar Fernando , Sakamoto Yoshihiro , Sugioka Atsushi , Yoshiizumi Tomoharu , Akahoshi Keiichi , Alconchel Felipe , Ariizumi Shunichi , Benedetti Cacciaguerra Andrea , Durán Manuel , Garcia Vazquez Alain , Golse Nicolas , Miyasaka Yoshihiro , Mori Yasuhisa , Ogiso Satoshi , Shirata Chikara , Tomassini Federico , Urade Takeshi , Wakabayashi Taiga , Nishino Hitoe , Hibi Taizo , Kokudo Norihiro , Ohtsuka Masayuki , Ban Daisuke , Nagakawa Yuichi , Ohtsuka Takao , Tanabe Minoru , Nakamura Masafumi , Yamamoto Masakazu , Tsuchida Akihiko , Wakabayashi Go 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe concept of minimally invasive anatomic liver resection (MIALR) is gaining popularity. However, specific technical skills need to be acquired to safely perform MIALR. The “Expert Consensus Meeting: Precision Anatomy for Minimally Invasive HBP Surgery (PAM‐HBP Surgery Consensus)” was developed as a special program during the 32nd meeting of the Japanese Society of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery (JSHBPS).MethodsThirty‐four international experts gathered online for the consensus. A Research Committee performed a comprehensive literature review, classifying studies according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network method. Based on the literature review and experts’ opinions, tentative recommendations were drafted and circulated among experts using online Delphi Rounds. Finally, formulated recommendations were presented online in the Expert Consensus Meeting of the JSHBPS on February 23rd, 2021. The final recommendations were validated and finalized by the 2nd Delphi Round in May 2021.ResultsSeven clinical questions were selected, and 22 recommendations were formulated. All recommendations reached more than 85% consensus among experts at the final Delphi Round.ConclusionsThe Expert Consensus Meeting for safely performing MIALR has presented a set of clinical guidelines based on available literature and experts’ opinions. We expect these guidelines to have a favorable effect on the safe implementation and development of MIALR.
Display illumination with modulated directional backlight
Authors: Ding Juan , He Yong , Fu Shenhe , Xie Xiangsheng , Liang Haowen , Zhou Jianying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIllumination is essential for modern life as colorful world is perceived by human visionary system. Display technology has been developing rapidly in recent decades, and the basic principle is related to the way that the image is illuminated and light is emanated. Traditional illumination is provided by different types of light sources, and the display image is visible in large viewing space until the emanating light decays to zero. This work proposes and demonstrates a novel illumination scheme for a display in which the displaying images are visible only in specific spatial regions. The directional backlight ensures the image propagating to specific direction while imaging visibility can be controlled to terminate abruptly at certain distance from the display screen while exerting no influence to nearby regions. The working principle for such an illumination scheme is the use of the modulated coherent directional backlight through an axicon lens. It is shown that the illumination scheme can robustly deliver carried image information to the designated viewing region. This new illumination scheme has many advantages over conventional illumination, including its usage for personal display, very lower energy consumption, as well as minimizing light hazard pollution.
Technical note: MC‐GPU breast dosimetry validations with other Monte Carlo codes and phase space file implementation
Authors: Massera Rodrigo T. , Thomson Rowan M. , Tomal Alessandra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTo validate the MC‐GPU Monte Carlo (MC) code for dosimetric studies in X‐ray breast imaging modalities: mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis, contrast enhanced digital mammography, and breast‐CT. Moreover, to implement and validate a phase space file generation routine.MethodsThe MC‐GPU code (v. 1.5 DBT) was modified in order to generate phase space files and to be compatible with PENELOPE v. 2018 derived cross‐section database. Simulations were performed with homogeneous and anthropomorphic breast phantoms for different breast imaging techniques. The glandular dose was computed for each case and compared with results from the PENELOPE (v. 2014) + penEasy (v. 2015) and egsbrachy (EGSnrc) MC codes. Afterward, several phase space files were generated with MC‐GPU and the scored photon spectra were compared between the codes. The phase space files generated in MC‐GPU were used in PENELOPE and EGSnrc to calculate the glandular dose, and compared with the original dose scored in MC‐GPU.ResultsMC‐GPU showed good agreement with the other codes when calculating the glandular dose distribution for mammography, mean glandular dose for digital breast tomosynthesis, and normalized glandular dose for breast‐CT. The latter case showed average/maximum relative differences of 2.3%/27%, respectively, compared to other literature works, with the larger differences observed at low energies (around 10 keV). The recorded photon spectra entering a voxel were similar (within statistical uncertainties) between the three MC codes. Finally, the reconstructed glandular dose in a voxel from a phase space file differs by less than 0.65%, with an average of 0.18%–0.22% between the different MC codes, agreement within approximately statistical uncertainties. In some scenarios, the simulations performed in MC‐GPU were from 20 up to 40 times faster than those performed by PENELOPE.ConclusionsThe results indicate that MC‐GPU code is suitable for breast dosimetric studies for different X‐ray breast imaging modalities, with the advantage of a high performance derived from GPUs. The phase space file implementation was validated and is compatible with the IAEA standard, allowing multiscale MC simulations with a combination of CPU and GPU codes.
Effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of longstanding exercise therapy versus usual care in patients with axial spondyloarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis and severe limitations: The protocols of two parallel randomized controlled trials
Authors: van Wissen Maria. A. T. , Teuwen Max. M. H. , van den Ende Cornelia. H. M. , Vliet Vlieland Thea. P. M. , den Broeder Alfons. A. , van den Hout Wilbert. B. , Peter Wilfred. F. , van Schaardenburg Dirkjan. , van Tubergen Astrid. M. , Gademan Maaike. G. J. , van Weely Salima. F. E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesResearch on effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of longstanding exercise therapy in patients with axial SpondyloArthritis (axSpA) or Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is scarce, and mainly concerned patients with a relatively favorable health status. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of longstanding exercise therapy compared to usual care in the subgroup of patients with axSpA or RA and severe limitations in functioning.MethodsIn two separate, parallel randomized controlled trials the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of longstanding, active exercise therapy (52 weeks) compared with usual care (1:1) will be evaluated. The longstanding, active exercise therapy will focus on improving individual limitations in daily activities and participation and will be given by a trained physical therapist in the vicinity of the participant. For each diagnosis, 215 patients with severe limitations in activities and participation will be included. Assessments are performed at baseline, 12, 26, and 52 weeks. The primary outcome measure of effectiveness is the individual level of functioning (activities and participation), as measured with the Patient‐Specific Complaints instrument at 52 weeks. For cost‐effectiveness analyses, the EuroQol (EQ‐5D‐5L) and questionnaires on healthcare use and productivity will be administered. The economic evaluation will be a cost‐utility analysis from a societal perspective. After 52 weeks, the patients in the usual care group are offered longstanding, active exercise therapy as well. Follow‐up assessments are done at 104, 156, and 208 weeks.ConclusionThe results of these studies will provide insights in the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of longstanding exercise therapy in the subgroup of axSpA and RA patients with severe functional limitations.
Testing the effects of adaptive learning courseware on student performance: An experimental approach
Authors: Eau Grace , Hoodin Derek , Musaddiq Tareena 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn increasing number of college and university courses are being offered in an online format. Even for courses offered face‐to‐face, instructors are increasingly turning towards the use of online platforms to help with student learning, especially for courses with high enrollment. This study tests the efficacy of adaptive learning platforms in a sample of undergraduate students at a large urban university, using an experimental design that compares the learning outcomes of students in classrooms that used an adaptive learning tool to those that did not. The results indicate that better performing students, particularly female students, benefit the most from using adaptive learning tools.
Analysis of heat transfer on MHD Jeffrey nanofluid flow over nonlinear elongating surface of variable thickness
Authors: Ali Aamir , Maqsood M. , Anjum H. J. , Awais M. , Sulaiman M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDue to its vast application in the engineering discipline, nanofluids have become a popular subject of investigation in the mathematical and physical research. The enhancement of thermal conductivity is a peculiar feature of nanofluids. The fluid model being investigated in the current study is the Jeffrey nanofluid commonly found in many industrial processes such as lubrication, natural gas networks, spray processes, cooling of nuclear reactors and many others. We study the heat transfer affects on the flow of a Jeffery non‐Newtonian fluid with submersed nanoparticles, in the presence of applied magnetic field, along a nonlinear stretchable surface, discussing features such as Brownian and thermophoresis diffusion. The effects of viscous dissipation, ohmic heating and thermal radiation on the flow characteristic have also been analyzed. Solution for the nondimensional boundary value problem have been obtained numerically by considering the effects of non‐Newtonian fluid parameter. The graphical illustration of the obtained results highlights the effects of numerous physical parameters on the flow dynamics in terms of fluid velocities, thermal profiles and nanoparticles concentration.
Assessing Sustainable Urban Mobility Policies in the Mediterranean Tourism Destinations Through Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Models
Authors: Farmaki Eleni , Aryblia Maria , Tournaki Stavroula , Tsoutsos Theocharis 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis chapter presents the assessment of 11 sustainable urban mobility measures according to 10 criteria for European medium-sized touristic cities, using multi-criteria decision-making. The study includes the viewpoint of six different European stakeholder groups, identifying their interests and comparing their ranking on appropriate mobility measures. It was found that the majority of stakeholders give the highest priority to the wellbeing of local communities and the quality of life, despite the economic implications of services and the potential impact on incoming tourism. Mostly they emphasise on at least two out of five criteria categories: Society and Environment or Society and Mobility. Tourism stakeholders showed a high preference for environmental criteria, demonstrating the continuously raising awareness on the links of tourism and environment. “Mobility management and travel plans” policy was the most popular policy amongst all groups, indicating that the provision of information, personalised plans, and smart applications can increase the use of sustainable mobility modes and have a significant positive impact in all examined categories. Overall, the multi-criteria analysis performed in this study can be a valuable tool for decision-makers during the shaping of future policies for sustainable mobility in urban tourist destinations, considering numerous parameters and stakeholders’ viewpoints. Moreover, it can be further developed and adapted to specific needs.
Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma for Clitoral Reconstruction: A Case Study
Authors: Manin Emily , Taraschi Gianmarco , Berndt Sarah , Martinez de Tejada Begoña , Abdulcadir Jasmine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractClitoral reconstruction after female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is associated with significant post-operative pain and months-long recovery. Autologous platelet-rich plasma (A-PRP) reduces the time of healing and pain in orthopedic and burn patients and could also do so in clitoral reconstruction. In the present case, a 35-year-old Guinean woman who had undergone FGM/C Type IIb presented to our clinic for clitoral reconstruction. Her request was motivated by low sexual satisfaction and body image. We surgically reconstructed the clitoris using the Foldès method and applied plasma and glue of A-PRP. The patient was highly satisfied with the procedure. Two months post-operatively, her pain had ceased entirely and re-epithelialization was complete. We conclude that A-PRP may improve pain and healing after clitoral reconstruction. Extensive studies investigating long-term outcomes are needed.