bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal air battery: A sustainable and low cost material for energy storage
Authors: Ahuja Deepti , Kalpna Varshney , Varshney Pradeep K 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Energy needs, depleting fossil fuel supplies and demanding sustainable energy alternatives is ever-increasing process. In the future energy network, power storage systems are one of the indispensable devices to buffer the irregular energy generation and renewable energy supplies. Therefore, it is important to design an innovative and efficient modern electrochemical storage system, combine with resource abundance, eco-efficient industrial methods, and life-cycle analysis. These issues are currently being addressed by few existing technologies but there are still theoretical and technical challenges in each case that needs to be talked again. Among these technologies Metal Air Battery (MAB) is a prominent solution and has recently been again into research these days. A metal air battery comprises a metallic anode in an appropriate electrolyte, and an embedded air cathode. The metals that can be used as anode may be first group metals such as sodium lithium, potassium etc. in second group other elements like magnesium, calcium etc. and third group aluminium and a few transition metals like Fe and Zn. Metal-air batteries are actually the combination of the design and working of traditional and fuel cell batteries. These have a high energy efficiency that is 5 to 30 times greater than lithium-ion batteries and are often considered a sustainable alternative. MABs considered are as eco-friendly, non-toxic, low cost and viable alternative as metals are abundant in nature. Metal-air batteries now a days are the most promising power storage systems with high power densities. A metal air battery comprises a metallic anode in an appropriate electrolyte, and an embedded air cathode. Metal-air batteries (MABs) combine the design features of traditional and fuel cell batteries. Some of the most common metal-air batteries include LAB (lithium air battery), SAB (sodium air battery), MABs (magnesium-air battery), AAB (aluminium air battery) and ZAB (zinc-air battery) etc.
Prediction of CO2 solubility in aqueous solutions of N, N-Diethyl ethanolamine (DEEA): A modified Kent-Eisenberg model approach
Authors: Rode D D , Shinde H H , Khavale P V , Sutar P N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A tremendous increase in the carbon dioxide emissions over the last few decades has caused serious environmental concern. The research fraternity is working towards the discovery of novel solvents for carbon dioxide with greater removal efficiency. N, N-Diethyl ethanolamine (DEEA), a tertiary amine which can be prepared from renewable resources, is a potential absorbent for carbon dioxide removal. Determination of the equilibrium characteristics of the system plays a key role in the designing of industrial plants. In this work, the equilibrium solubility of CO2 in aqueous solutions of DEEA at different temperatures and CO2 partial pressures has been modeled using the modified Kent-Eisenberg model. The model predicted values were found to be in good agreement with the reported experimental data.
C-NMR studies on the structure of linear p–substituted phenol polymer
Authors: Khobragade Y F , Petkar S A , Chahande N H , Khairnar C M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Linear polymer of p – substituted phenol with Methylene Bridge has been prepared by using condensation polymerization. To this homogeneous reaction mixture of p – substituted phenol (Bisphenol-A; p – hydroxyacetophenone and p – chlorophenol ) along with NaOH solution and formaldehyde was added while stirring. 13C – NMR spectroscopy allowed identification of the linkage formed and qualification of the main functional groups in the p – substituted phenol with methylene bridge; which were greatly influenced by the preparation conditions. Methylene bridges in the linear polymers were found to be mainly associated with the para position linkage methylene unit. The linear p–substituted phenol condensed polymer had no free formaldehyde. p – Substituted dimethylol phenol was indulged into the condensed polymers by reacting with phenolic units to results in condensed methylene bridges. The linear polymer with p – substituted phenol having Methylene Bridge possessed relatively high degree of polymerization and very low percentage of unreacted methylene groups. The synthesized polymer samples were characterization by the 13C – NMR technique excellently.
Sorption of chromium (VI) from electroplating rinse water by strong base anion exchanger: equilibrium and kinetic studies
Authors: Koujalagi Prasanna S , Revankar Harish N , Kulkarni Raviraj M , Gurjar Vijayendra R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Static-batch experiments are conducted to remove Chromium (VI) from rinse waters of electroplating bath on strong base anion exchanger Tulsion A-62 and results are depicted with respect to Chromium (VI) ions concentration, contact time and solution pH. The equilibrium state is established after 300 minutes of phase contact. As the adsorption process is a pH dependent, indicated the maximal removal of Chromium (VI) in the pH 6.0-7.0. The anion exchange resin is characterized by SEM with EDX and FTIR analysis. The equilibrium data for adsorption of Chromium (VI) was fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich models. The adsorption process followed reversible first order kinetics. Reports concluded that such anion exchangers could be used for the systematic removal of Chromium (VI) ions from water and wastewater.
Characterization of nanostructured spinel NiCrxFe2-xO4 obtained by sol gel auto combustion method
Authors: Borikar M A , Borikar D M , Meshram N S , Rewatkar K G 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The samples of Cr3+ substituted Nickel ferrite with composition NiCrXFe2-XO4 were synthesized by employing sol gel auto combustion method. The ferrite powder materials were subjected to X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) analysis and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis for the study of structural as well as morphological characteristics. The X-ray diffraction pattern at the room temperature showed the formation of a cubic spinel ferrite having a single phase. Moreover, the values of lattice parameters (a) counter verified the same. TEM imaging demonstrated the formation of nanosize particles and the presence of all constituent elements were confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis. Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) was used to study the magnetic properties of the samples. The magnetic properties showed low saturation magnetization (Ms), Remnance (Mr) as well as Coercivity (Hc). This confirmed the viability of such materials in the various applications of such as water treatment, microwave device materials, permanent magnets and storage recording devices.
Synthesis of 2-aryl/alkyl-3-thio-5-dimethyl amino-7-imino-1, 2, 4, 6-tetra-azepines, structural studies and screening for antibacterial and antifungal activities
Authors: Ugale M R , Sharma Khushbu , Sudame Aruna M , Berad B N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
2-aryl/alkyl-3-thio-5-dimethyl amino-7-imino-1,2,4,6-tetra-azepines were synthesized from 1,2,4,6 thiatriazepines by refluxing for 1 hour with 5% ethanolic KOH. The 1,2,4,6 thiatriazepines were obtained by cyclization reaction from medicinally important metformin hydrochloride and RNCSCI2. These 1,2,4,6-tetra-azepines were characterized by spectral and analytical studies. From these synthesized compounds, those with substituents phenyl, p-chlorophenyl and o-anisyl showed high sensitivity towards E.coli when they were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities using E coli, S.aures, A.niger and C albicans

Graphical Abstract

Where R above are in a) p-tolyl, b) o-tolyl, c) phenyl, d) p-chloro phenyl e)o-chloro phenyl, f) m-chloro phenyl, g) p-anisyl, h) o-anisyl, i) t-butyl
Integrated solid waste management in urban India: A mini review
Authors: Somani P , Navaneethan R D , Thangaiyan S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Blooming of industrialization and urbanization are directly corelated with increased solid waste generation. Every year India faces a massive challenge as it deals with municipal solid waste equating to approximately 62 million tonnes including E-waste, plastic and medical waste. This has mounted and stands as a budding hazard to public and environmental health. Within India solid waste management predominantly adheres to sustainable development. The waste management rules are generally framed and handled through the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF); however, compliance varies among states. In this article we are describing the present status, challenges and implementation followed in the waste reduction processes including segregation/collection, recycling, energy recovery (composting, bio methanation, and bioremediation), land filling of household and industrial waste; its impact on the environment. This review concludes with some simple and effective international trends in waste management, with a vision of improving in current Indian systems.
Surface technology-adsorption and kinetic of heavy metal ions on modified granular activated carbon by batch study and their recovery study
Authors: Vrushali Ravindra Kinhikar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Adsorption is a unit process to control pollution in water and wastewater technology. Carbon adsorption is widely used for the removal of refractory organic compounds from wastewater. GAC (Granular Activated Carbon) is used as a adsorbent for heavy metals like Nickel, Copper, Chromium etc. by modifying it in Modified Granular Activated Carbon. In this work, adsorption of Copper on activated carbons is carried out from oxidation treatments with HNO3 to GAC. The oxidation treatments determined an increase adsorption capacity on the surface by functional groups. By performing Batch experiments the study of Copper ions from synthetic solution on Modified GAC & their recovery was studied at constant temp 28°C±. By varying concentration of Cu 2+ solution. The parameters for the Langmuir and Freundlich parameters has been also studied by showing maximum adsorption capacity of copper by MGAC. The oxidation treatments determined an increase adsorption capacity on the surface by functional groups.
Review on toxic metal ions removal by using activated carbon prepared from natural biomaterials
Authors: Raut Ekta R , Thakur A Bedmohata , Chaudhari Archana R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Heavy metals has wide range of applications including industrial, domestic, medical, agricultural and technological field. Due to industrialization and urbanization variety of heavy metal ions are released in the environment. Toxicity of heavy metal ions depends on the route of exposure, media of exposure and its dose. Some of the metals, due to its high degree of toxicity are incorporated in CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act) priority list of hazardous substances. According to CERCLA, arsenic is the top most toxic metal followed by lead and mercury. These metals are proven to be carcinogens for human beings even at lower concentration. Contamination of water resources by toxic metal ions is a common problem since past years. There exists different methods for removal of toxic metal ions from waste water but adsorption is the most widely used and effective method. There are several adsorbents used for adsorption of toxic metal ions but, adsorbents prepared from low-cost and ecofriendly raw materials like coconut shells, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, banana peels, potato peels, corncob, wheat straw, neem barks, almond shells and others are capturing researcher’s attention due to its easy availability and effective removal efficiency. This review highlights low cost adsorbents used for elimination of heavy metal ions from waste water and its other usage possibilities based on the literature study. This paper also highlights emerging potential bio-adsorbents which can provide maximum removal efficiency.
Soft computing model for students’ evaluation in educational institute
Authors: Chaudhari O K , Gupta Rajshri , Thakre T A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Now a day’s higher education is become more competitive. Students are the main pole of today’s education. All educational institutions are focusing on the quality improvement and change in the traditional evaluation methods. Due to the high competition among Private Universities and existing National Universities the scenario of evaluation methods has important role so that the students shall be kept on track as an active learner through their modified methods of evaluation. Consequently, the evaluation of students through traditional methods has limitations as it is based on the crisp boundaries. The students having a very small difference of marks can be placed into different grades. Also the students who have missed the chance of appearing for one of the subject head may be fail due to absolute method of grading. A soft computing model for students’ evaluation of student in educational institute using subject wise and other activities performance is developed in this paper. To consider uncertainties occur during the semester fuzzy logic technique is applied.
Fuzzy Approach for Scheduling of Timetable Problem
Authors: Deshpande Archana A , Chaudhari O K , Vaidya N V , Pidurkar S R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The construction of timetable with all constrained is very difficult task. Timetable is the problem in which we assign teachers to respective course, time slots and rooms with some constraints. In this paper we apply fuzzy algorithm which satisfy all constrains by using one example.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning for internet of things
Authors: Shende Shailendra W. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
For decades, humans have been intrigued by the concept of an intelligent and independent self-learning machine. The idea behind Machine Learning (ML) is to simplify the development of analytical models such that, with the help of available data, algorithms can learn continuously. Internet of Things (IoT) enabled devices are the major sources of data generation with a number of multiple modalities and differing data consistency, defined by velocity in terms of time and position dependence. Intelligent processing and analysis of this generated data (Big Data) is the key to developing smart IoT applications. ML may be used in cases where the desired effect is defined (supervised learning) or where data itself is not defined beforehand (unsupervised learning) or where learning is the outcome of the interaction among the learning model and the environment (reinforcing learning). In this chapter, we present and discuss a taxonomy of machine learning algorithms that can be used with IoT. Furthermore, how different machine learning techniques are used to derive higher-level information from the data is illustrated. Lastly, we investigate, what are the real-world IoT data characteristics that involve an interpretation of the data?
A multi-data assessment of land use and land cover emissions from Brazil during 2000–2019
Authors: Rosan Thais M , Klein Goldewijk Kees , Ganzenmüller Raphael , O’Sullivan Michael , Pongratz Julia , Mercado Lina M , Aragao Luiz E O C , Heinrich Viola , Von Randow Celso , Wiltshire Andrew , Tubiello Francesco N , Bastos Ana , Friedlingstein Pierre , Sitch Stephen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Brazil is currently the largest contributor of land use and land cover change (LULCC) carbon dioxide net emissions worldwide, representing 17%–29% of the global total. There is, however, a lack of agreement among different methodologies on the magnitude and trends in LULCC emissions and their geographic distribution. Here we perform an evaluation of LULCC datasets for Brazil, including those used in the annual global carbon budget (GCB), and national Brazilian assessments over the period 2000–2018. Results show that the latest global HYDE 3.3 LULCC dataset, based on new FAO inventory estimates and multi-annual ESA CCI satellite-based land cover maps, can represent the observed spatial variation in LULCC over the last decades, representing an improvement on the HYDE 3.2 data previously used in GCB. However, the magnitude of LULCC assessed with HYDE 3.3 is lower than estimates based on MapBiomas. We use HYDE 3.3 and MapBiomas as input to a global bookkeeping model (bookkeeping of land use emission, BLUE) and a process-based Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (JULES-ES) to determine Brazil’s LULCC emissions over the period 2000–2019. Results show mean annual LULCC emissions of 0.1–0.4 PgC yr−1, compared with 0.1–0.24 PgC yr−1 reported by the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation System of land use changes and forest sector (SEEG/LULUCF) and by FAO in its latest assessment of deforestation emissions in Brazil. Both JULES-ES and BLUE now simulate a slowdown in emissions after 2004 (−0.006 and −0.004 PgC yr−2 with HYDE 3.3, −0.014 and −0.016 PgC yr−2 with MapBiomas, respectively), in agreement with the Brazilian INPE-EM, global Houghton and Nassikas book-keeping models, FAO and as reported in the 4th national greenhouse gas inventories. The inclusion of Earth observation data has improved spatial representation of LULCC in HYDE and thus model capability to simulate Brazil’s LULCC emissions. This will likely contribute to reduce uncertainty in global LULCC emissions, and thus better constrains GCB assessments.
Adaptation pattern of trembesi (Samanea saman Jacq. Merr.) seedling to lead exposure at nutrient culture based on the characteristics of organic acid
Authors: Setyaningsih L , Maslahat M , Syahrizki M A 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLead (Pb) is known as one of the dangerous heavy metals which may spread in the environment due to industrial, domestic, agricultural and other human activities. The use of plants for cleaning up contamination which is known as phytoremediation requires information on the ability of plants to tolerate heavy metal exposure. The aim of this study was to determine the adaptation pattern of trembesi (Samanea samanJacq. Merr) seedlings to lead (Pb) exposure based on the characteristics of organic acids content. Trembesi seedlings were grown on nutrient culture with Pb treatment of 0.5,1.5 and 2.5 mM for 7 days. The percentage of seedling life was counted and the organic acids content was observed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the life percentage of trembesi seedling exposed to lead up to 1.5mM reached 100%, but it decreased to 60% when it was exposed to 2.5 mM of lead. Trembesi seedlings produced all three organic acids investigated as oxalic, malic and citric acid. The increase of lead exposure from 0.5 to 1.5 and 2.5 mM, caused a significantly increase of oxalic acid exudation from 0.346 to 0.545 and 0.668 µg/mL respectively. At the same time, they also induced the accumulation of citric acid from 46.4481 to 63,668 and 83,516 µg/g respectively. This shows that trembesi has the adaptability to lead by a combination of external and internal mechanisms involving organic acids accumulation.
An Investigative Study on Energy and Cost-Efficiency Measures in Commmercial Buildings: Case Study of University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Adekunle A , Ibhadode A.P , Nwafor C.O , Nwaigwe D.N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The quality and amount of energy expended are of paramount importance in the pursuit of economic recovery and diversification for both electricity consumers and authorities within the energy sector. This study concentrated on establishing energy and cost efficiencies within commercial buildings. All the incandescent bulbs within the eight departments considered were replaced by fluorescent lamps. Fluke 381 meter was employed in measuring power and energy consumed in KVA and Kilowatt-hour respectively for 30 days with mean daily use of 8 hours. The wattage of incandescent bulbs are 40 W, 60 W,75 W, 100 W, 120 W, 150 W and 200 W while the equivalent fluorescent bulbs are 10 W, 14 W, 20 W, 25 W, 30 W, 45 W and 60 W respectively. The number of incandescent bulbs replaced in various departments are given as follows: Psychiatry, 4000; Pharmacy, 2775; Pediatrics, 900; Anesthesia, 720; Physiotherapy, 684; Family medicine, 752; Surgery, 320; Emergency, 354. Analysis from each department shows that Psychiatry recorded the highest savings in terms of energy and money. It was also deduced that after the mean life span of a bulb expires, a total of 701 and 103 bulbs would be bought for incandescent and energy saving respectively in ten years, which shows 598 incandescent bulbs would be saved if replaced by energy saving.
Sustainability of Molecular Studies for Feinberg-Horodecki Equation under Eckart-Manning-Rosen Potential
Authors: Onate C.A. , Onyeaju M.C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The analytic solution of the Feinberg-Horodecki equation for Eckart-Manning-Rosen potential is deduced using the methodology of supersymmetric approach via a suitable approximation scheme to the centrifugal term. The quantized momentum and the corresponding wave functions were obtained. In the domain of the quantized momentum, some molecules have been studied. The effects of some potential parameters on the quantized momentum were graphically studied. In this study, the quantized momentum is fully bounded under Ekart-Manning-Rosen potential.
Interphase Dynamics of photoanode in Micro-energy generation in Photovoltaics
Authors: Abodunrin T.J. , Ajayi O.O. , Emetere M.E. , Popoola A.P.I. , Popoola O. , Uyor U.O. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs)as photovoltaics have been subject of intensive research in the last two decades owing to their outstanding features of relative thermal stability, low cost, optical tunability, ability to operate under conditions of poor lighting, and environment friendliness as such, they offer a promising substitute for conventional monocrystalline silicon solar cells. Their poor output efficiency has been incessantly associated with grain boundaries, good quality films are associated with lower recombination decays. and it has been claimed that grain boundaries have a negligible influence on performance. We used microscopy interrelated with scanning electron microscopy to resolve spatially the recombination dynamics from organic films of Murraya Koenigii. Stoichiometric organic films, varied in different grains even for the same film. In regions where grain boundaries were dimmer, nonradiative decay occurred faster. Ultraviolet spectroscopy showed positive correlation consistent with photon absorption and regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The photovoltaic efficiency of M.Koenigii DSCs based on TiO2 sensitized with ionic electrolytes was compared. The output efficiency revealed that the ionic potential of Br-was more than 200% value of Cl-, and a final end reaction of above 100% that of I-under similar conditions of atmosphere and experimental set-up.