bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Seasonal Variability of First-order Ionospheric Delay Correction at L5 and S1 Frequencies Using Dual-frequency Navic System
Authors: Bhardwaj Sharat chandra , Vidyarthi Anurag , Jassal Bhajan Singh , Shukla Ashish kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
For the precise positioning application it is important to determine and eliminate the positioning error introduced by various sources such as the ionosphere. To develop a standalone precise navigation system, India has launched the seven satellite constellations of NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) system to provide precision positioning over India and surrounded landmass. Since the ionospheric delay depends on the frequency of the satellite signal and NavIC systems work at different frequencies (L5 and S1) than GPS systems (L1 and L2), it is not possible to use the GPS data-driven study for NavIC based location calculations directly. Thus there is a need for a specialized ionospheric study for NavIC systems. In addition, the ionospheric delay is directly proportional to Slant Total Electron Content (STEC) which is dependent upon diurnal and seasonal solar activity. To achieve accurate positioning facilities, there is also a need for evaluation for seasonal variability of ionospheric delay correction for NavIC receivers. This paper deals with the STEC estimation; its smoothing, and removal of instrumental biases from STEC. The determined true STEC has been used to determine first-order ionospheric delay at L5 and S1 frequencies. The delay at S1 has been found less (2 to 7m) as compared to L5 (10 to 30m). Furthermore, the seasonal variability of ionospheric delay has been analyzed using about 19 months of data (from June 2017 to December 2018) and found that the ionospheric delay follows unique seasonal characteristics which can be utilized for delay modeling. It has been also observed that the geostationary satellites of the NavIC system are more appropriate than geosynchronous satellites for ionospheric related studies.
Gene expression levels tune germline mutation rates through the compound effects of transcription-coupled repair and damage
Authors: Xia Bo , Yanai Itai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Of all mammalian organs, the testis has long been observed to have the most diverse gene expression profile. To account for this widespread gene expression, we have proposed a mechanism termed ‘transcriptional scanning’, which reduces germline mutation rates through transcription-coupled repair (TCR). Our hypothesis contrasts with an earlier observation that mutation rates are overall positively correlated with gene expression levels in yeast, implying that transcription is mutagenic due to transcription-coupled damage (TCD). Here we report evidence that the compound effects of both TCR and TCD during spermatogenesis tune germline mutation rates in human, with TCR dominating in most genes, thus supporting the transcriptional scanning hypothesis. Our analyses address potentially confounding factors, distinguish the differential mutagenic effects acting on the highly expressed genes and the low-to-moderately expressed genes, and resolve concerns relating to the validation of the results using a de novo mutation dataset. We also discuss the theoretical possibility of transcriptional scanning hypothesis from an evolutionary perspective. Together, these analyses support a model by which the coupling of transcription-coupled repair and damage establishes the pattern of germline mutation rates and provide an evolutionary explanation for widespread gene expression during spermatogenesis.
Fast Photo Stimulus Responsive Ultralong Room-temperature Phosphorescence Behaviour of Benzoic Acid Derivatives @ Boric acid
Authors: Cheng Yi , Fan Wenwen , Wang Longjie , Liu Yanxiong , Wang Qiufeng , Yang Shaoxiong , Qin Yu , Shi Yonggang , Liu Shixi , Zheng Liyan , Cao Qiue 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (URTP) materials with photo stimulus responsive (named URTP-PSR) behavior are amazing but still rarely reported due to their great requirements on the crystal structure, complicated synthesis process, long photo-activation and deactivation time. Herein, a series of URTP-PSR materials were prepared by a facile doping process, which involved one-pot heating treatment of benzoic acid derivatives and boric acid to form an amorphous phase. The URTP-PSR materials displayed gradually enhanced ultra-long phosphorescence upon prolonged deep UV light illumination under ambient conditions to restricts the vibration and rotation of molecular. Impressively, both of the photo-activation and deactivation process can be finished within several seconds, which was much fast than previously reported URTP-PSR materials. The optical properties can be repeated many times without obvious loosing performance, suggesting excellent fatigue resistance behaviors of the URTP-PSR materials. Simultaneously, the URTP-PSR materials also displayed excellent atmosphere stability, which still maintained good optical properties even under oxygen atmosphere. Furthermore, owing to the high processability and light-stimulus emission, the URTP-PSR materials have been utilized as security ink for anti-counterfeiting pattern application. It's worth mentioning that all the raw materials are commercialized and low-cost, which could be purchased directly and benefit for the practical application. These findings break through many limitations of existing dynamic RTP materials, such as complicated preparation process, fine crystal structure, long photo-activation and deactivation time, and furthermore expand the scope of dynamic smart-response materials for great potential in many fields.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Migraine in Migraine Buddy Users
Authors: Kato Yuji , Poh Weijie , Horvath Zsolt , Cadiou François , Shimazu Tomokazu , Maruki Yuichi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The nature of COVID-19 pandemic measures has altered the clinical management of migraine, and has also created barriers to evaluate the impact of such measures of migraine patients. Using the Migraine Buddy smartphone application, we assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on migraine in users residing in the United States.Methods: Migraine Buddy is a smartphone application by individuals to record their migraine headache episodes, characteristics, and coping mechanisms. For this study, anonymized self-reported data from 163,176 adult Migraine Buddy users in the United States between January 2020 and May 2020, were analyzed for migraines associated with stress. A stress-related migraine is defined as one in which stress or anxiety was reported as a trigger or symptom. A questionnaire on the impact of COVID-19 on migraine and its management was also completed by 1,322 users in the app between April 2020 and May 2020. Results: 88% of the Migraine Buddy database extract and 83% of the respondents are female, with a mean age of 36.2 years. The proportion of stress-related migraine attacks peaked at 50% on March 17, although the number of migraine attacks decreased. This followed the declaration of the COVID-19 national emergency on March 13 and a spike in the number of COVID-19 cases in the United States. Questionnaire respondents felt that the following added more stress: social isolation (22.6%), information overdose (21.2%), access to essentials (food, medication, etc.) (18.7%), and financial concerns (17.8%). To help manage migraine during COVID-19, respondents suggested stress and diet coaching programs and resources (medical articles, etc.) (34.0%), having the option for home delivery of medication (30.6%) and tele-consulting (25.5%).Conclusion: Here, we report the change in the proportion of self-reported stress-related migraine in relation to evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as its impact of migraine management. Our data will help increase the understanding of patients' needs and help with planning and execution of mitigating strategies.
Experimental Study on High Performance Concrete of Ultra-Deep Mines on the Coast of Eastern China
Authors: Quan Daolu , Ji Hongguang , Su Xiaobo , Liu Juanhong , Chen Dongsheng , Fu Zhen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To solve the problem of ultra-deep mines on the coast of eastern China under the complex external environment of "high in-situ stress, high osmotic pressure, and strong corrosion", the high-performance concrete shaft wall structure with “high strength and low impact liability” was proposed. The field test study of the high-performance concrete shaft lining was carried out in-1120m ingate and-1114m to-1124m shaft in Sha-ling Gold Mine, and its stress and deformation were monitored and analyzed. Finally, according to the Von-Mises strength criterion and the thick-walled cylinder theory, the calculation formula of bearing capacity of HPC shaft wall was deduced. The results showed that: (1) On the 5th day after in-situ casting, the stress of high-performance concrete tends to be stable. Compared with ordinary concrete, high-performance concrete showed good early strength (2) The high-performance concrete shaft lining strain changes smoothly, and concrete strain can be divided into three stages: rapid growth stage, slow growth stage, and stable stage. (3) Under the external environment of "high in-situ stress, high osmotic pressure, and strong corrosion", the − 1120m ingate and − 1114m~-1124m shaft lining of Sha-ling Gold Mine supported by high-performance concrete had uniform stress and good mechanical properties, which can provide a reference for similar engineering support design.
Temporal Assessment of the Medicinal Plant Trade in Public Markets of the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Ezequiel da Costa , de Lucena Reinaldo Farias Paiva , Bussmann Rainer W. , Paniagua-Zambrana Narel Y. , Cruz Denise Dias da 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Open and public markets are the main providers of medicinal plants in urban environments. The present study evaluated the medicinal plants sold in public markets in different municipalities in the mesoregions of the state of Paraíba, northeast of Brazil, and the possible variations in the supply of these plants in the markets over the course of a year. Methods: Thirty-five traders of medicinal plants were interviewed in four mesoregions of different climatic and phytophysiognomic characteristics (ranging from Caatinga to Atlantic Forest). The versatility of the species sold was elucidated using the Relative Importance Index (IR), and the set of species sold by each informant in each mesoregion was compared with each other by similarity analysis Anosim-One, and by the analysis of main coordinates. Results: Punica granatum , Zingiber officinale , and Myracrodruon urundeuva were the species with the highest RI. The analysis of similarity showed distinct differences between the Sertão and all other mesoregions. The analysis highlighted that a mesoregion had an intermediate similarity pattern in relation to the others, for which we suggest the term "biocultural ecotone" or “cultotone”. The absence of 88 species in at least one of the trading locations at some stage of the fieldwork was recorded. Conclusions: The commercialized species do not seem to have a presence / absence relationship in relation to the period of the year or the mesoregion, and there seem to have been changes in the inventory of plants commercialized in markets in recent years. We identified an intermediate zone of knowledge and use of species commercialized between the studied localities.
CHANGE ORDER DAN RISIKO CHANGE ORDER PADA PROYEK JALAN DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Mega Waty  , Hendrik Sulistio  
Published: May 2021

Change Order merupakan perubahan yang terjadi pada proyek konstruksi dan tidak bisa dihindari. Analisis change order pada 10 Proyek pembangunan jalan Jawa Barat meneliti bagaimana penyebab change order bervariasi antara proyek peningkatan versus proyek pemeliharaan, dan jenis konstruksi (mis. pekerjaan aspal, drainase, struktur, dan pelebaran bahu jalan dan perkerasan berbutir, pengembalian kondisi dan pekerjaan minor dan pekerjaan harian). Penelitian ini juga meneliti risiko yang ditimbulkan oleh change order dengan mengukur frekuensi dan rata-rata persentase perubahan biaya proyek untuk berbagai jenis change order. Metodologi penelitian dangan mencari data riil proyek pembangunan jalan dari tahun 2014-2018. Hasilnya adalah penyebab utama change order secara konsisten adalah penghilangan kontrak, peningkatan yang disebabkan oleh pemilik, dan membengkaknya item kontrak dan kelalaian kontrak. Risiko change order pada tertinggi pada pekerjaan: Campuran Aspal Panas, Lapis Pondasi Atas Kelas S, Laston Lapis Aus, Pasangan batu, Lapis Pondasi Atas Kelas B, Perkerasan Beton Semen, Beton mutu rendah f'c 15 MPa, Pasangan Batu dengan Mortar, Timbunan Pilihan, Marka Jalan Termoplastik.
Hemodialysis-Related Glycemic Disarray Proven by Continuous Glucose Monitoring; Glycemic Markers and Hypoglycemia
Authors: Hayashi Akinori , Shimizu Naoya , Suzuki Agena , Matoba Kenta , Momozono Akari , Masaki Tsuguto , Ogawa Akifumi , Moriguchi Ibuki , Takano Koji , Kobayashi Naoyuki , Shichiri Masayoshi 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
There is a high risk of asymptomatic hypoglycemia associated with hemodialysis (HD) using glucose-free dialysate; therefore, the inclusion of glucose in the dialysate is believed to prevent intradialytic hypoglycemia. However, the exact glycemic fluctuation profiles and frequency of asymptomatic hypoglycemia using dialysates containing &gt;100 mg/dL glucose have not been determined.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We evaluated the glycemic profiles of 98 patients, 68 of whom were men, with type 2 diabetes undergoing HD (HbA1c 6.4 ± 1.2%; glycated albumin 20.8 ± 6.8%) with a dialysate containing 100, 125, or 150 mg/dL glucose using continuous glucose monitoring.

RESULTS
Sensor glucose level (SGL) showed a sustained decrease during HD, irrespective of the dialysate glucose concentration, and reached a nadir that was lower than the dialysate glucose concentration in 49 participants (50%). Twenty-one participants (21%) presented with HD-related hypoglycemia, defined by an SGL &lt;70 mg/dL during HD and/or between the end of HD and their next meal. All these hypoglycemic episodes were asymptomatic. Measures of glycemic variability calculated using the SGL data (SD, coefficient of variation, and range of SGL) were higher and time below range (&lt;70 mg/dL) was lower in participants who experienced HD-related hypoglycemia than in those who did not, whereas time in range between 70 and 180 mg/dL, time above range (&gt;180 mg/dL), HbA1c, and glycated albumin of the two groups were similar.

CONCLUSIONS
Despite the use of dialysate containing 100–150 mg/dL glucose, patients with diabetes undergoing HD experienced HD-related hypoglycemia unawareness frequently. SGL may fall well below the dialysate glucose concentration toward the end of HD.
Una mirada sobre el presente y el futuro de la actividad profesional desarrollada por el auditor externo de estados contables
Authors: Slosse Carlos Alberto 
Published: May 2021

El presente ensayo pretende ser una discusión argumentativa sobre distintos aspectos de la cruda, actual realidad con la que se encuentra el contador público cuando se dedica, en nuestro país, a realizar auditorías externas de estados contables.
También se realiza una mirada hacia el futuro, al abordar cuestiones que podrían mejorarse y que, de concretarse, contribuirán a prestigiar nuestra profesión. Debe tenerse en cuenta que el carácter “público” de nuestro título profesional se refiere a la fe, pública, que terceros depositan en un juego de estados contables, preparados por la administración de una empresa y que están acompañados de un informe o dictamen de un contador público.
Predictive control of a cascade of biochemical reactors
Authors: Mojto Martin , Horváthová Michaela , Kiš Karol , Furka Matúš , Bakošová Monika 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rapid growth of the human population has led to various problems, such as massive overload of wastewater treatment plants. Therefore, optimal control of these plants is a relevant subject. This contribution analyses control of a cascade of ten biochemical reactors using simulation results with the aim to design optimal and predictive control strategies and to compare the achieved control performance. The plant represents a complicated process with many variables involved in the model structure, reduced to the single-input and single-output system. The first implemented approach is linear offset-free model predictive control which provides the optimal input trajectory minimising a quadratic cost function. The second control strategy is robust model predictive control with similar features as model predictive control but including the uncertainty of the process. The final approach is generalised predictive control, mostly used in the industry because of its simple structure and sufficiently good control performance. All considered predictive controllers provide satisfactory control performance and remove the steady-state control error despite the constrained control inputs.
The Letter Exchange on the Romanian Front during the First World War
Authors: Bichicean Gheorghe , Mardale Florin Emil 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Letters, unusual postcards, censored, illustrate the mood on the front, conveyed by two participants to the world’s first conflagration. The first letter, dated October 26, 1916, belongs to Lieutenant D. Stoica, commander of the Second Section Telegraph. A simple letter, which expresses much optimism, sent to his wife Ionela, two months after Romania’s entry into the national reunification war, accompanied by his portrait. The second letter, dated 1918, is more intense in terms of experiences, sent to a lady named Marie Ionescu, by a Romanian wounded during the battles. The letter, from the stamp that only marks the year 1918, could be dated approximately after November this year. The militant was in convalescence in a camp hospital, waiting to be resent on the front.
Genetic diversity in Bambara groundnut {Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.}
Authors: Onwubiko Nwakuche Chinenye 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Bambara groundnut is a grain legume with enormous morphological variability. In order to genetically establish the variation that exists in this crop, an assessment of genetic diversity was therefore carried out with 20 accessions of Bambara groundnut collected from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan. The design of the experiment was randomised complete block design with three replications. Results from analysis of variance (ANOVA), and principal component analysis (PCA) showed outstanding genetic diversity among the collections. The first four principal components accounted for 91.89% of the total variability. Cluster analysis and the dendrogram discretely grouped the accessions into four genetically distinct groups. One accession TVSU 353 singly formed a group in cluster analysis and dendrogram, which implies that TVSU 353 was genetically distinct from the rest of the accessions. Morphological characters assessed provided a useful measure of genetic differences among Bambara groundnut accessions, which can facilitate identification and selection of potential breeding lines for crop improvement as well as germplasm conservation.
Population Dynamics of Yellowfin Tuna Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788) in the Fisheries Management Area 573 of the Indian Ocean
Authors: Ghofar Abdul , Saputra Suradi W. , Sabdono Agus , Solichin Anhar , Taufani Wiwiet T. , Febrianto Sigit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares is one of the major species of tuna caught in the Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 573 of the Indian Ocean. Its production contributed to 35.83% of the total production of tuna in 2013. The study was conducted to assess the population dynamics of this species in FMA 573, based on length-frequency data collected in 2013-2017, and was analysed using FiSAT II software. The results obtained show length-weight relationship of W = 0.000052 FL2.78, negative allometric growth and growth equation of Lt = 194.25 (1-e-0.51 (t + 0.1889)). The length at first capture was estimated at 140 cm FL. Recruitment season occurs between July and September, with a peak in August. The rate of total mortality (Z) was 2.32 yr-1, including natural mortality rate (M) of 0.69 yr-1 and fishing mortality rate (F) of 1.63 yr-1. The exploitation rates of yellowfin tuna were estimated to be 0.70, indicating that it has exceeded the optimum exploitation rate (E = 0.5) and that overexploitation had occurred. There is an obvious need for consistent monitoring and surveillance of fishing fleet, type and size of fishing gear, as well as the fish size and quantity of the catch.
Detection and Confirmation of Freshwater Blenny Salaria fluviatilis (Actinopterygii: Blenniidae) in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Tutman Pero , Glamuzina Branko 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Distributional range of freshwater blenny Salaria fluviatilis extends to the tributaries along the Mediterranean and Black seas. It is considered endangered in several Mediterranean European countries. Although previously mentioned in the lists of freshwater fish species, its presence has never before been confirmed in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Consequently, this has led to doubts about its distribution there. A sample specimen of freshwater blenny was obtained from the lower Neretva River (Adriatic Sea watershed) in Bosnia and Herzegovina in May 2020, representing the first reliable record of this species. Considering that this record confirms older reports, however, it seems that earlier surveys have failed to locate the fish. Knowledge of the composition of fish species in river basins and updating their list are among the important requirements for managing the biodiversity of each country, as well as water and fish resources.
Work Performance of the Ethics Committee for the Welfare of Animals Used in Animal Testing of the University of Novi Sad from 2016 to 2018
Authors: Kanački Zdenko , Ružić Zoran , Pajić Marija , Jović Slavoljub 
Published: May 2021

Summary
An animal experiment can be defined as any procedure in which a live animal is used with the aim of testing a scientific assumption, gathering information, obtaining or testing substances or observing the effect of a particular measure on the animal, as well as using an animal in behavioral experiments. The Ethics Committee (EC) determines how animal testing shall be conducted and, in accordance with the Law on Animal Welfare, provides expert supervision of animal testing, organizes training courses for persons conducting testing, provides expert opinions to the minister regarding ethical and scientific justification of animal testing, and submits annual reports to the minister. The data used in this paper were derived in the course of work of the EC in the period between 2016 and 2018. The meetings of the EC were held on a regular basis and in accordance with the Rules of Procedure. Positive Opinions were issued for most of the submitted Applications (87.5%), while a smaller number was returned (6.25%) or directed to the Council for further consideration (6.25%). In several cases, the EC also issued Opinions that certain experiments are beyond its scope of authority and thus beyond its formal legal capacity. Based on the Application of a candidate, the EC also approved changes in previously issued Opinion to ensure consistency in the documentation. The Committee regularly submitted reports and there were no objections to its work. In accordance with the abovementioned, the performance of the EC can be considered efficient and successful, but it can be further significantly improved by more active effort of the individual members of the EC within their home institutions to educate candidates and raise awareness of the importance of the work performed by the EC.