bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antegrade Intramedullary Fixation for Clavicular Shaft Fracture: A Technical Trick
Authors: Youn Seung-Min , Kim Jong Dae , Jeong Ho Yeon , Ro Kyunghan , Kim Myung Seo , Rhee Yong Girl , Rhee Sung-Min 
Published: October 2021

Summary:
The standard open reduction and internal fixation technique with a plate and screws for a simple mid shaft clavicular fracture necessitates a relatively large incision and can also lead to variable amount of keloid scar formation. Historically, other techniques of more minimally invasive retrograde intramedullary fixation with the entry point posterolaterally on the shoulder have shown their own disadvantages and complications. We present a surgical technique of antegrade intramedullary fixation for mid shaft clavicular fractures and an illustrative case series.
Ocular Phenotype of Peters-Plus Syndrome
Authors: Shah Parth R. , Chauhan Bharesh , Chu Charleen T. , Kofler Julia , Nischal Ken K. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
Peters-plus syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive congenital disorder of glycosylation caused by mutations in the gene B3GLCT. A detailed description of the ocular findings is currently lacking in the scientific literature. We report a case series of Peters-plus syndrome with deep ocular phenotyping using anterior segment optical coherence tomography and ultrasound biomicroscopy. Where available, we describe the histology of host corneal buttons.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of patients with Peters-plus syndrome was conducted under the care of the senior author between January 2000 and June 2019. Demographic and clinical data including ocular and systemic features, ophthalmic imaging, and molecular diagnostic reports were collected.

Results:
Four cases of Peters-plus syndrome were identified. Three patients were male and 1 was female. Five of the 8 eyes had an avascular paracentral ring opacity with relative central clearing. The paracentral opacity is due to iridocorneal adhesion and the relative central clearing associated with posterior stromal thinning. One eye had persistent fetal vasculature and microphthalmia, which has not previously been reported. One eye from each of 2 patients had a significantly different phenotype with a large vascularized central corneal opacity.

Conclusions:
The most common ocular phenotype seen in Peters-plus syndrome is an avascular paracentral ring opacity with relative central clearing. A different phenotype with a large vascularized corneal opacity may also be observed.
Multicenter Study of Needle-Free Blood Collection System for Reducing Specimen Error and Intravenous Catheter Replacement
Authors: Pendleton Brian , LaFaye Ryan 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Inpatient hospital settings require access to high-quality blood specimens and durable peripheral intravenous (IV) catheters for patient care. The most common standard-of-care method for acquiring each blood specimen—venipuncture—often results in a non-negligible preanalytical error rate, patient discomfort, and tissue inflammation. In a 2-year, multicenter (23 hospitals) retrospective study, a novel blood collection system that collects blood specimens through existing inpatient IVs without a needle (PIVO, Velano Vascular) was compared with the current standard of care, in regards to its effect on specimen quality and IV catheter longevity. Using the PIVOTM device for blood collection decreased the rate of preanalytical errors by 56% compared with other collection methods, including venipuncture and conventional line draws. In addition, peripheral IV catheters that were used with PIVOTM for blood draws also had a 19% lower rate of replacement compared with those that did not. This is the largest study to date of PIVO use and demonstrates significant quality improvement outcomes compared with the current standard of care in blood collection, providing an opportunity to innovate inpatient hospital care.
Pediatric otolaryngology in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: what have we learned?
Authors: Lee David R. , Dedhia Kavita 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has changed the face of healthcare. The current review is to discuss the major aspects that have changed in pediatric otolaryngology, from surgical operations management, to clinic workflow, to procedural precautions.

Recent findings
There have been many studies over the past year describing different ways to improve the safety of healthcare delivery in pediatric otolaryngology amidst a global pandemic, as well as ways to improve clinic and surgical logistics along with guidelines for telehealth of a surgical specialty.

Summary
COVID-19 has forever altered how healthcare is viewed and practiced, and pediatric otolaryngology was not exempt. With an increased focus on provider safety, as well as novel ways of utilizing changes in methods of communication, the practice of pediatric otolaryngology has evolved with the rest of healthcare to take on the new challenges brought on by this global pandemic.
Classification and Clinical Treatments for Unfavorable Fractures of the Proximal Segment in Sagittal Spilt Ramus Osteotomy: A Retrospective Study of 964 Cases
Authors: Jiang Nan , Wang Min , Bi Ruiye , Wu Guomin , Zhu Songsong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract:
Unfavorable fractures in sagittal split ramus osteotomy are hard to manage. The aim of this study is to develop a new classification method for unfavorable fractures of the proximal segment to guide clinical managements. After reviewing 964 cases of sagittal split ramus osteotomy, we found that the unfavorable fractures can be divided into 3 types: mandibular ramus transverse fractures (Type 1), bad fractures accompanied by free fragments (Type 2), and unexpected separation patterns without free fragments (Type 3). We calculated the incidence of each fracture type and provided instructions for their corresponding treatments. Thirty-six patients suffered from unfavorable fractures (7.4% of patients), among which 32 patients had unilateral fractures and 4 patients had bilateral fractures. There were 2 Type 1 fractures (0.2% of split sites), 8 Type 2 fractures (0.8% of split sites), and twenty-six Type 3 fractures (2.3% of split sites). Type 1 unfavorable fractures are difficult to deal with, but Types 2 and 3 are generally manageable and they have no significant impact on the final outcomes. The new classification can effectively guide treatment strategies for unfavorable fractures. Severe cases of unfavorable fractures are rare, and most unfavorable fracture cases have a positive prognosis if correctly treated in time.
Chemotherapy and targeted therapies for meningiomas: what is the evidence?
Authors: Graillon Thomas , Tabouret Emeline , Chinot Olivier 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
Although most meningiomas are slow growing tumors mainly controlled by surgery with or without radiotherapy, aggressive meningiomas that fail these conventional treatments constitute a rare situation, a therapeutic challenge and an unmet need in neuro-oncology.

Recent finding
Mutational landscape in recurrent high-grade meningiomas includes mainly NF2 mutation or 22q chromosomal deletion, whereas telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter, BAP-1 and CDK2NA mutations were also found in aggressive meningiomas. Pi3K-Akt-mTOR pathway is currently the most relevant intracellular signaling pathway target in meningiomas with preliminary clinical activity observed. Assessment of drug activity with progression free survival rate at 6 months is challenging in regard to meningioma growth rate heterogeneity, so that 3-dimensional growth rate before and during treatment could be considered in the future to selected new active drugs.

Summary
Despite a low evidence level, some systemic therapies may be considered for patients with recurrent meningioma not amenable to further surgery or radiotherapy. In recurrent high-grade meningioma, everolimus-octreotide combination, bevacizumab, sunitinib and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy exhibit a signal of activity that may justify their clinical use. Despite a lack of clear signal of activity to date, immunotherapy may offer new perspectives in the treatment of these refractory tumors.
Defining the analytical and clinical sensitivity of the ARTIC method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Alikhan Nabil-Fareed , Quick Joshua , Trotter Alexander J. , Robson Samuel C. , Bashton Matthew , Kay Gemma L. , Loose Matt , Rooke Stefan , McHugh Martin , Darby Alistair C , Nicholls Samuel M. , Loman Nicholas J. ,   The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) consortium, Dervisevic Samir , Page Andrew J. , O’Grady Justin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 ARTIC amplicon protocol is the most widely used genome sequencing method for SARS-CoV-2, accounting for over 43% of publicly-available genome sequences. The protocol utilises 98 primers to amplify ∼400bp fragments of the SARS-CoV-2 genome covering all 30,000 bases. Understanding the analytical performance metrics of this protocol will improve how the data is used and interpreted. Different concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 control material were used to establish the limit of detection (LoD) of the ARTIC protocol. Results demonstrated the LoD was a minimum of 25-50 virus particles per mL. The sensitivity of ARTIC was comparable to the published sensitivities of commercial diagnostics assays and could therefore be used to confirm diagnostic testing results. A set of over 3,600 clinical samples from three UK regions were then evaluated to compare the protocols performance to clinical diagnostic assays (Roche Lightcycler 480 II, AusDiagnostics, Roche Cobas, Hologic Panther, Corman RdRp, Roche Flow, ABI QuantStudio 5, Seegene Nimbus, Qiagen Rotorgene, Abbott M2000, Thermo TaqPath, Xpert). We developed a Python tool, RonaLDO, to perform this validation (available under the GNU GPL3 open-source licence fromhttps://github.com/quadram-institute-bioscience/ronaldo). Positives detected by diagnostic platforms were generally supported by sequencing data; platforms that used RT-qPCR were the best predictors of whether the sample would subsequently sequence successfully. To maximise success of sample sequencing for phylogenetic analysis, samples with Ct <31 should be chosen. For diagnostic tests that do not provide a quantifiable Ct value, adding a quantification step is recommended. The ARTIC SARS-CoV-2 sequencing protocol is highly sensitive, capable of detecting SARS-CoV-2 in samples with Cts in the high 30s. However, to routinely obtain whole genome coverage, samples with Ct <31 are recommended. Comparing different virus detection methods close to their LoD was challenging and significant discordance was observed.
Unidirectional protein recruitment is essential for viral latency
Authors: Lavi Ido , Bhattacharya Supriya , Awase Ankita , Orgil Ola , Avital Nir , Journo Guy , Gurevich Vyacheslav , Shamay Meir 
Published: October 2021

AbstractKaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV, HHV-8) is associated with several human malignancies. During latency the viral genomes reside in the nucleus of infected cells as large non-integrated plasmids, known as episomes. All KSHV infected cells express LANA, and LANA is essential for viral latency. LANA binding to the viral episomes is critical for both replication of the viral genomes during latency, and for tethering the viral episomes to the cell chromosomes during cell division. Directional recruitment of protein complexes are critical for proper function of many nuclear processes. To test for recruitment directionality between LANA and cellular proteins we directed LANA via catalytically inactive Cas9 (dCas9) to a repeat sequence to obtain easily detectable dots. Then, recruitment of nuclear proteins to these dots can be evaluated. We found that LANA recruited its known interactors ORC2 and SIN3A. Interestingly, LANA was unable to recruit MeCP2, but MeCP2 recruited LANA. Both LANA and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) interact with the transcriptional-repression domain (TRD) of MeCP2. Similar to LANA, HDAC1 was unable to recruit MeCP2. While heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) which interacts with the N-terminal of MeCP2, was able to recruit MeCP2. Forcing MeCP2 dimerization via the tandem epitopes of SunTag, allows LANA to recruit MeCP2 in infected cells. We propose that available interacting domains force this recruitment directionality. Knock-down of MeCP2 by shRNA, as well as cells derived from Rett syndrome and express a mutant MeCP2 (T158M), dramatically reduced the ability of LANA to support viral latency. Therefore, this unidirectional recruitment of LANA by MeCP2 identified MeCP2 as a critical factor for KSHV viral maintenance.Significance StatementUsing a CRISPR/Cas9 recruitment assay, we show that some interacting proteins have a unidirectional recruitment property, where only one of the proteins can recruit its partner. We found unidirectional recruitment relations between the methylated DNA binding protein MeCP2 and KSHV encoded LANA. Where MeCP2 recruits LANA, but LANA is unable to recruit MeCP2. We were able to break this unidirectional recruitment by forcing MeCP2 dimerization. We propose that this unidirectional recruitment is the result of available interacting domains. Furthermore, this unidirectional recruitment seems to be critical for viral latency since LANA fails to maintain the viral genomes in MeCP2 mutant cells. Therefore, in this case unidirectional recruitment is a matter of survival or extinction.
Regional development and the institutional environment for franchise chains: frontiers of small and medium-sized cities
Authors: Melo Pedro Lucas de Resende , Borini Felipe Mendes , Isaac Victor Ragazzi , Correa Victor Silva 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand and identify the various characteristics of the institutional environment and the factors that propitiate the attraction of franchise chains to cities in the interior, using Brazil as an analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
Secondary data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics were used. It comprised a sample of 1,683 Brazilian cities with commercial outlets featuring franchise brands. It was limited to cities with populations of up to 100,000 inhabitants that did not constitute metropolitan regions. The statistical technique performed was multiple regression.

Findings
The results of the multiple regression confirm the explanatory power of R² = 36% for the analyzed model. Such presence of franchise chains is based on four institutional dimensions and their environmental characteristics: demographic (demographic density); economic and financial (average monthly salary of formal workers and number of banking agencies); business (number of active companies and presence of shopping centers); and human resources (presence of higher education units).

Research limitations/implications
The main contribution of the study encompasses the call that regional institutional characteristics are part of knowledge guidelines on regional development and institutional environments for entrepreneurship. In this sense, the paper contributes to studies on regional development in particular, by punctuating the characteristics of the institutional environment of cities that are related to the existence of franchise chain brands.

Practical implications
Such contributions are addressed to managers and directors of expanding franchise chains, given the choice of locations that best enable the concept of their franchises. The fact that only 20% of franchises have a presence in these cities, even if it is admitted that for 70% of these chains, their businesses have the capacity to make these locations viable, shows the importance of this contribution.

Social implications
This study is addressed to public managers, represented by secretaries of municipal developments, in view of the construction of an institutional environment conducive to entrepreneurial activity, in this specific case, by franchises. It is an important mechanism for attracting new businesses and creating a virtuous cycle of regional development.

Originality/value
Specifically, knowledge is generated about the insertion of ventures based on the franchise business model in small- and medium-sized regional markets. A second feature involves the understanding of the insertion of enterprises in a large and heterogeneous emerging market.
Social media activity: its impact on career-related perceptions
Authors: O'Connor Kimberly W. , McDonald Kimberly S. , McDaniel Brandon T. , Schmidt Gordon B. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine individual perceptions about the impact that social media use has on career satisfaction and perceived career benefits. We examined whether informal online learning through “typical” types of social media behaviors (e.g. liking a post or messaging another user) and “networking” types of social media behaviors (e.g. endorsing another user, writing recommendations, going “live,” or looking for a job) impacted career-related perceptions.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, we analyzed Amazon Mechanical Turk survey data gathered from adult participants (n = 475). We focused our inquiry specifically on two social media sites, Facebook and LinkedIn. We asked participants about their social media use and behaviors, as well as their perceptions of career satisfaction and career benefits related to social media.

Findings
We found that both typical and networking types of social media behaviors positively predicted the “knowing whom” career competency (defined as career relevant networks and contacts that individuals use to develop their careers) and career satisfaction. Only networking behaviors were positively associated with perceived career benefits of social media use. We further found that LinkedIn users’ career satisfaction was lower compared to non-LinkedIn users.

Originality/value
This study adds to the small, but growing body of career research focusing on social capital and social media. Our results suggest that informal online learning via social media may have a positive impact on employees’ career-related perceptions.
Authentic leadership, person-organization fit and collectivistic orientation: a moderated-mediated model of workplace safety
Authors: Liu Shuzhen , Chu Fulei , Guo Ming , Liu Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2021

PurposeWorkplace safety has been a persistent issue for safety-critical organizations. Based on self-verification theory, this study investigates how authentic leadership affects safety behaviors in a collectivistic context.Design/methodology/approachThis research collected 259 matching questionnaires for high-speed railway (HSR) drivers and their supervisors in China. Specifically, HSR drivers were invited to fill in their general perceived authentic leadership, person-organization fit and collectivistic orientation. In addition, their direct supervisors were invited to assess their safety behaviors.FindingsAuthentic leadership exhibits a significant positive impact on safety compliance and safety participation, implying that authentic leadership positively impacts safety behavior. The person-organization fit partially mediated the relationship between authentic leadership and safety behavior (safety compliance and participation). Furthermore, collectivistic orientation moderates the relationship between authentic leadership and person-organization fit.Originality/valueThe findings of this study provide important insights into authentic leadership and person-organization fit for developing effective strategies to improve workplace safety.
Financing liabilities and inefficient investment of listed companies: Based on the adjustment effect of different financial structures
Authors: Wang Yuanyue , Yu Zhaohui , Yi Xiaojing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFor national development, the investment efficiency of listed companies should be improved. We take samples of non‐financial and non‐real estate listed companies to investigate the mechanism of financial liabilities on the inefficient investment behaviour of listed companies from a financial structure perspective. Results of our empirical research indicate an inverted U‐shaped relationship between financing liabilities and investment efficiency, and that financing liabilities inhibit underinvestment and exacerbate overinvestment. Operating liabilities were found to have a restraining effect on underinvestment. A bank‐led financial structure is more effective in regulating financing liabilities and alleviating overinvestment, while a market‐led financial structure is more conducive to regulating financing liabilities and, thus, curbs underinvestment. Therefore, a company's financial structure should be adjusted in a timely manner, according to demand, the scale of financial liabilities should be adjusted to reduce inefficient investment, and operational liabilities can be appropriately expanded. Additionally, attention should be focused on the role of administrative intervention and financial development to improve the investment efficiency of listed companies and eventually realise stable development of the national economy.
Moving Beyond Sex: Prostitutes, Migration and Knowledge in Late‐Medieval Mediterranean Port Cities
Authors: McDonough Susan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBased in archival research from Barcelona, Marseille, Valencia and Palermo, this article argues for a reconsideration of the gendering of the medieval Mediterranean. It focuses on prostitutes and their movement to and from Mediterranean port cities and queries how they used the institutions of the law courts and the notariat to integrate themselves into the everyday workings of the city. The article concludes with a call to rethink whose movement counts in the medieval Mediterranean when scholars think of the region as a whole.
Extracorporeal life support and cardiopulmonary bypass for central airway surgery: A systematic review
Authors: O'Malley Thomas J. , Yost Colin C. , Prochno Kyle W. , Saxena Abhiraj , Grenda Tyler R. , Evans Nathaniel R. , Cowan Scott W. , Morris Rohinton J. , Massey Howard Todd , Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundMajor airway surgery can pose a complex problem to perioperative central airway management. Adjuncts to advanced ventilation strategies have included cardiopulmonary bypass, veno‐arterial, or veno‐venous extracorporeal life support. We performed a systematic review to assess the existing evidence utilizing these strategies.MethodsAn electronic search was conducted to identify studies written in English reporting the use of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) during central airway surgery. Thirty‐six articles consisting of 78 patients were selected and patient‐level data were analyzed.ResultsMedian patient age was 47 [IQR: 34‐53] and 59.0% (46/78) were male. Indications for surgery included central airway or mediastinal cancer in 57.7% (45/78), lesion or injury in 15.4% (12/78), and stenosis in 12.8% (10/78). Support was initiated pre‐operatively in 9.9% (7/71) and at the time of induction in 55.3% (42/76). It was most commonly used at the time of tracheal resection/repair [93.2% (68/73)], intubation of the tracheal stump [94.4% (68/72)], and re‐anastomosis [94.2% (65/69)]; 13.7% (10/73) patients were supported post‐operatively. The most commonly performed surgery was tracheal repair or resection in 70.3% (52/74). Median hospital stay was 12 [8, 25] days and in‐hospital mortality was 7.9% (6/76). There was no significant difference in survival between the three groups (p = .54).ConclusionsExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation offers versatility in timing, surgical approach, and ECLS runtime that makes it a viable addition to the surgical armamentarium for treating complex central airway pathologies.
Letter: proton pump inhibitor use and bone fracture risk—a mechanistic point of view
Authors: Sugiyama Toshihiro 
Published: October 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Labenz et al and Labenz & Schattenberg papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16008 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16257