bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spending and Happiness: The Role of Perceived Financial Constraints
Authors: Dias Rodrigo S , Sharma Eesha , Fitzsimons Gavan J 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Perceived financial constraints are ubiquitous, and prior research suggests that consumers who feel financially constrained are especially likely to engage in compensatory consumption to signal positive attributes or offset the aversiveness associated with their state. However, it is unclear whether spending confers greater happiness when consumers feel financially constrained. Seven high-powered studies (N = 7,228) demonstrate that perceived financial constraints decrease the happiness consumers derive from their purchases. This effect is robust across several purchase types and occurs in part because consumers who perceive greater financial constraints are more likely to consider opportunity costs when evaluating their purchases (studies 2A and 2B). Consistent with this mechanism, the effect attenuates when all consumers are prompted to consider opportunity costs (study 3) and when consumers consider planned purchases (study 4). The negative effect of perceived financial constraints on purchase happiness results in an important behavioral outcome: less favorable consumer reviews (studies 5A and 5B). The authors conclude by meta-analyzing their file drawer (25,765 participants; 42 studies) to explore how the effect differs across several purchase types and discussing theoretical and practical implications for consumers and marketers.
Transcriptome Analysis of Detoxification-Related Genes in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Chen Haoliang , Xie Minghui , Lin Lulu , Zhong Yongzhi , Zhang Feng , Su Weihua 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest on maize, and it can cause large yield losses. As S. frugiperda has invaded many developing countries in Africa and Asia in recent years, it could impact food security. Pesticides remain the main method to control S. frugiperda in the field, and this pest has developed resistance to some pesticides. In this study, we used second-generation sequencing technology to detect the gene expression change of S. frugiperda after treatment by LC20 of three pesticides, lufenuron, spinetoram, and tetrachloroamide, which have different modes of actions. The sequence data were first assembled into a 60,236 unigenes database, and then the differential expression unigenes (DEUs) after pesticide treatment were identified. The DEU numbers, Gene Ontology catalog, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway catalog were analyzed. Finally, 11 types of unigenes related to detoxification and DEUs after pesticide treatment were listed, and Cytochrome P450, Glutathione S-transferase, and ATP-binding cassette transporter were analyzed. This study provides a foundation for molecular research on S. frugiperda pesticide detoxification.
Endoscopic duodenal stent placement versus gastrojejunostomy for unresectable pancreatic cancer patients with duodenal stenosis before introduction of initial chemotherapy (GASPACHO study): a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Azemoto Nobuaki , Ueno Makoto , Yanagimoto Hiroaki , Mizuno Nobumasa , Kawamoto Yasuyuki , Maruki Yuta , Watanabe Kazuo , Suzuki Rei , Kaneko Junichi , Hisada Yuya , Sato Hiroki , Kobayashi Satoshi , Miyata Hideki , Furukawa Masayuki , Mizukami Takuro , Miwa Haruo , Ohno Yoshinori , Tsuji Kunihiro , Tsujimoto Akiko , Nagano Hiroaki , Okuyama Hiroyuki , Asagi Akinori , Okano Naohiro , Ishii Hiroshi , Morizane Chigusa , Ikeda Masafumi , Furuse Junji 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Endoscopic duodenal stent placement is an alternative technique to gastrojejunostomy for gastric outlet obstruction due to pancreatic cancer. We compared the efficacy of endoscopic duodenal stent placement with that of gastrojejunostomy for treating patients with pancreatic cancer who are candidates for intensive combination chemotherapies as the first line of treatment.

Methods
This retrospective observational study included 100 patients from 18 institutions in Japan. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) cytologically or histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, (2) good performance status, (3) gastric outlet obstruction scoring system score of 0–1 and (4) no history of treatment for pancreatic cancer.

Results
There was no significant difference in the background characteristics of patients in the endoscopic duodenal stent placement (n = 57) and gastrojejunostomy (n = 43) groups. The median overall survival in the endoscopic duodenal stent placement and gastrojejunostomy groups was 5.9 and 6.0 months, respectively. Clinical success was achieved in 93 cases; the median time to food intake resumption was significantly shorter in the endoscopic duodenal stent placement group (median: 3 days, n = 54) than in the gastrojejunostomy group (median: 5 days, n = 43). Chemotherapy was introduced in 63% of the patients in both groups after endoscopic duodenal stent placement or gastrojejunostomy. Chemotherapy was started earlier in the endoscopic duodenal stent placement group (median: 14 days) than in the gastrojejunostomy (median: 32 days) group.

Conclusions
Endoscopic duodenal stent placement showed similar or better clinical outcomes than gastrojejunostomy. Thus, it might be a promising option in patients with good performance status.
Mechanisms modulating the activities of intestinal stem cells upon radiation or chemical agent exposure
Authors: Liao Zebin , Hu Changkun , Gao Yue 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are essential for the regeneration of intestinal cells upon radiation or chemical agent damage. As for radiation-induced damage, the expression of AIM2, YAP, TLR3, PUMA or BVES can aggravate ISCs depletion, while the stimulation of TLR5, HGF/MET signaling, Ass1 gene, Slit/Robo signaling facilitate the radio-resistance of ISCs. Upon chemical agent treatment, the activation of TRAIL or p53/PUMA pathway exacerbate injury on ISCs, while the increased levels of IL-22, β-arrestin1 can ease the damage. The transformation between reserve ISCs (rISCs) maintaining quiescent states and active ISCs (aISCs) that are highly proliferative has obtained much attention in recent years, in which ISCs expressing high levels of Hopx, Bmi1, mTert, Krt19 or Lrig1 are resistant to radiation injury, and SOX9, MSI2, clusterin, URI are essential for rISCs maintenance. The differentiated cells like Paneth cells and enteroendocrine cells can also obtain stemness driven by radiation injury mediated by Wnt or Notch signaling. Besides, Mex3a-expressed ISCs can survive and then proliferate into intestinal epithelial cells upon chemical agent damage. In addition, the modulation of symbiotic microbes harboring gastrointestinal (GI) tract is also a promising strategy to protect ISCs against radiation damage. Overall, the strategies targeting mechanisms modulating ISCs activities are conducive to alleviating GI injury of patients receiving chemoradiotherapy or victims of nuclear or chemical accident.
Orbital metastasis of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Tsutsui Shinichi , Kawata Koto , Ubagai Tsutomu , Okimoto Satoshi , Fujihara Megumu , Maeda Takashi , Sonoda Takashi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We herein report a case of orbital metastasis from the breast cancer in a 58-year-old woman presenting with visual disturbance and bilateral periorbital swelling. She had undergone radical mastectomy for right breast cancer 9 years previously and been receiving hormone therapy for bone metastasis of breast cancer for the past 4 years. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an ill-defined mass in the bilateral orbits, whereas an excisional biopsy confirmed metastasis of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast. The appearance of eye symptoms in patients who have a history of breast cancer, especially ILC should be investigated, with a consideration of orbital metastasis.
Multimessenger time-domain signatures of supermassive black hole binaries
Authors: Charisi Maria , Taylor Stephen R , Runnoe Jessie , Bogdanovic Tamara , Trump Jonathan R 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) are a natural outcome of galaxy mergers and should form frequently in galactic nuclei. Sub-parsec binaries can be identified from their bright electromagnetic emission, e.g. Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) with Doppler shifted broad emission lines or AGN with periodic variability, as well as from the emission of strong gravitational radiation. The most massive binaries (with total mass &gt;108M⊙) emit in the nanohertz band and are targeted by Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs). Here we examine the synergy between electromagnetic and gravitational wave signatures of SMBHBs. We connect both signals to the orbital dynamics of the binary and examine the common link between them, laying the foundation for joint multimessenger observations. We find that periodic variability arising from relativistic Doppler boost is the most promising electromagnetic signature to connect with GWs. We delineate the parameter space (binary total mass/chirp mass versus binary period/GW frequency) for which joint observations are feasible. Currently multimessenger detections are possible only for the most massive and nearby galaxies, limited by the sensitivity of PTAs. However, we demonstrate that as PTAs collect more data in the upcoming years, the overlapping parameter space is expected to expand significantly.
Measuring the Milky Way mass distribution in the presence of the LMC
Authors: Correa Magnus Lilia , Vasiliev Eugene 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTThe ongoing interaction between the Milky Way (MW) and its largest satellite – the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) – creates a significant perturbation in the distribution and kinematics of distant halo stars, globular clusters and satellite galaxies, and leads to biases in MW mass estimates from these tracer populations. We present a method for compensating these perturbations for any choice of MW potential by computing the past trajectory of LMC and MW and then integrating the orbits of tracer objects back in time until the influence of the LMC is negligible, at which point the equilibrium approximation can be used with any standard dynamical modelling approach. We add this orbit-rewinding step to the mass estimation approach based on simultaneous fitting of the potential and the distribution function of tracers, and apply it to two data sets with the latest Gaia EDR3 measurements of 6D phase-space coordinates: globular clusters and satellite galaxies. We find that models with LMC mass in the range $(1\!-\!2) \times 10^{11}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ better fit the observed distribution of tracers, and measure MW mass within 100 kpc to be $(0.75\pm 0.1)\times 10^{12}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$, while neglecting the LMC perturbation increases it by ∼15 per cent.
No strong dependence of Lyman continuum leakage on physical properties of star-forming galaxies at ≲ z ≲ 3.5
Authors: Saxena A , Pentericci L , Ellis R S , Guaita L , Calabrò A , Schaerer D , Vanzella E , Amorín R , Bolzonella M , Castellano M , Fontanot F , Hathi N P , Hibon P , Llerena M , Mannucci F , Saldana-Lopez A , Talia M , Zamorani G 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
We present Lyman continuum (LyC) radiation escape fraction (fesc) measurements for 183 spectroscopically confirmed star-forming galaxies in the redshift range 3.11 &lt; z &lt; 3.53 in the Chandra Deep Field South. We use ground-based imaging to measure fesc, and use ground- and space-based photometry to derive galaxy physical properties using spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting. We additionally derive [O iii]  +  H β equivalent widths (that fall in the observed K band) by including nebular emission in SED fitting. After removing foreground contaminants, we report the discovery of 11 new candidate LyC leakers at ≳ 2σ level, with fesc in the range 0.14−0.85. From non-detections, we place 1σ upper limits of fesc &lt;0.12, where the Lyman-break selected galaxies have fesc &lt;0.11 and ‘blindly’ discovered galaxies with no prior photometric selection have fesc &lt;0.13. We find a slightly higher 1σ limit of fesc &lt;0.20 from extreme emission line galaxies with rest-frame [O iii]  +  H β equivalent widths &gt;300 Å. For candidate LyC leakers, we find a weak negative correlation between fesc and galaxy stellar masses, no correlation between fesc and specific star-formation rates (sSFRs) and a positive correlation between fesc and EW0([O iii]  +  H β). The weak/no correlations between stellar mass and sSFRs may be explained by misaligned viewing angles and/or non-coincident time-scales of starburst activity and periods of high fesc. Alternatively, escaping radiation may predominantly occur in highly localized star-forming regions, or fesc measurements may be impacted by stochasticity of the intervening neutral medium, obscuring any global trends with galaxy properties. These hypotheses have important consequences for models of reionization.
The post-common-envelope binary central star of the planetary nebula Ou 5: a doubly eclipsing post-red-giant-branch system
Authors: Jones David , Munday James , Corradi Romano L M , Rodríguez-Gil Pablo , Boffin Henri M J , Zak Jiri , Sowicka Paulina , Parsons Steven G , Dhillon Vik S , Littlefair S P , Marsh T R , Reindl Nicole , García-Rojas Jorge 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed study of the stellar and orbital parameters of the post-common envelope binary central star of the planetary nebula Ou 5. Low-resolution spectra obtained during the primary eclipse – to our knowledge the first isolated spectra of the companion to a post-common-envelope planetary nebula central star – were compared to catalogue spectra, indicating that the companion star is a late K- or early M-type dwarf. Simultaneous modelling of multiband photometry and time-resolved radial velocity measurements was then used to independently determine the parameters of both stars as well as the orbital period and inclination. The modelling indicates that the companion star is low mass (∼0.25 M⊙) and has a radius significantly larger than would be expected for its mass. Furthermore, the effective temperature and surface gravity of nebular progenitor, as derived by the modelling, do not lie on single-star post-AGB evolutionary tracks, instead being more consistent with a post-RGB evolution. However, an accurate determination of the component masses is challenging. This is principally due to the uncertainty on the locus of the spectral lines generated by the irradiation of the companion’s atmosphere by the hot primary (used to derive companion star’s radial velocities), as well as the lack of radial velocities of the primary.
Photocaged amplified FRET nanoflares: spatiotemporal controllable of mRNA-powered nanomachines for precise and sensitive microRNA imaging in live cells
Authors: Li Jing , Liu Shiyuan , Wang Jiaoli , Liu Ruiting , Yang Xiaohai , Wang Kemin , Huang Jin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
There is considerable interest in creating a precise and sensitive strategy for in situ visualizing and profiling intracellular miRNA. Present here is a novel photocaged amplified FRET nanoflare (PAFN), which spatiotemporal controls of mRNA-powered nanomachine for precise and sensitive miRNA imaging in live cells. The PAFN could be activated remotely by light, be triggered by specific low-abundance miRNA and fueled by high-abundance mRNA. It offers high spatiotemporal control over the initial activity of nanomachine at desirable time and site, and a ‘one-to-more’ ratiometric signal amplification model. The PAFN, an unprecedented design, is quiescent during the delivery process. However, upon reaching the interest tumor site, it can be selectively activated by light, and then be triggered by specific miRNA, avoiding undesirable early activation and reducing nonspecific signals, allowing precise and sensitive detection of specific miRNA in live cells. This strategy may open new avenues for creating spatiotemporally controllable and endogenous molecule-powered nanomachine, facilitating application at biological and medical imaging.
Comprehensive analysis of prime editing outcomes in human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Habib Omer , Habib Gizem , Hwang Gue-Ho , Bae Sangsu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Prime editing is a versatile and precise genome editing technique that can directly copy desired genetic modifications into target DNA sites without the need for donor DNA. This technique holds great promise for the analysis of gene function, disease modeling, and the correction of pathogenic mutations in clinically relevant cells such as human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Here, we comprehensively tested prime editing in hPSCs by generating a doxycycline-inducible prime editing platform. Prime editing successfully induced all types of nucleotide substitutions and small insertions and deletions, similar to observations in other human cell types. Moreover, we compared prime editing and base editing for correcting a disease-related mutation in induced pluripotent stem cells derived form a patient with α 1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency. Finally, whole-genome sequencing showed that, unlike the cytidine deaminase domain of cytosine base editors, the reverse transcriptase domain of a prime editor does not lead to guide RNA-independent off-target mutations in the genome. Our results demonstrate that prime editing in hPSCs has great potential for complementing previously developed CRISPR genome editing tools.
Neutrophil depletion enhanced the Clostridium novyi-NT therapy in mouse and rabbit tumor models
Authors: Staedtke Verena , Gray-Bethke Tyler , Liu Guanshu , Liapi Eleni , Riggins Gregory J , Bai Ren-Yuan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Hypoxia is a prominent feature of solid tumors and can function as fertile environment for oncolytic anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium novyi-NT (C. novyi-NT) where it can induce tumor destruction in mice and patients. However, two major obstacles have limited its use, namely the host inflammatory response and the incomplete clearance of normoxic tumor areas.

Methods
In this study, we first used a subcutaneous tumor model of a glioblastoma (GBM) cell line in immunocompetent mice to investigate the local distribution of tumor hypoxia, kinetics of C. novyi-NT germination and spread, and the local host immune response. We subsequently applied the acquired knowledge to develop a C. novyi-NT therapy in an orthotopic rabbit brain tumor model.

Results
We found that local accumulation of granular leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, could impede the spread of bacteria through the tumor and prevent complete oncolysis. Depletion of neutrophils via anti-Ly6G antibody or bone marrow suppression using hydroxyurea significantly improved tumor clearance. We then applied this approach to rabbits implanted with an aggressive intracranial brain tumor and achieved long-term survival in majority of the animals without apparent toxicity.

Conclusion
These results indicated that depleting neutrophils can greatly enhance the safety and efficacy of C. novyi-NT cancer therapy for brain tumors.
Introduction
Authors: Ferracioli Luara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This introductory chapter lays out the key questions of the book. It explains the background assumptions at play and the key philosophical commitments supporting the different arguments in the book. This chapter also explains the key arguments of the following chapters and how they come together to support a partial theory of immigrations that avoids both open borders and complete control of immigration on the part of states. It also explains how the theoretical framework defended in the first part of the book affects the applied questions pursued in the second part of the book, such as the ethics of asylum, family migration schemes, the brain drain, and immigration enforcement.
Family Migration Schemes and Liberal Neutrality
Authors: Ferracioli Luara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This chapter argues that the privileging of romantic and familial ties by those who believe in the liberal state’s prima facie right to exclude prospective immigrants cannot be justified. The reasons that count in favor of these relationships count equally in favor of a great array of relationships, from friends to creative collaborators, and whatever else falls in between. The result of the discussion is that liberal states must either focus on the interests of children only or the interests of all citizens who would like to be reunited with a person they enjoy a valuable and irreplaceable relationship.
Epilogue
Authors: Zuber Mike A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The epilogue summarises the book’s narrative and outlines avenues for future research. Spiritual alchemy is chiefly important as a hybrid that defies a straightforward distinction between science and religion. In a way, its story is one of religious dissenters productively appropriating natural philosophy to articulate their faith. After laboratory alchemy was effectively eclipsed and the link to Jacob Boehme weakened, spiritual alchemy lost its internal cohesion and gave way to many divergent interpretations of alchemy that distanced it from the manipulation of material substances through chemical processes. Future studies will be able to shed more light on various alternative interpretations of alchemy that can now be perceived more clearly in contrast to the long tradition of spiritual alchemy described in this book.
Meltdown
Authors: Taillant Jorge Daniel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Climate change is happening all around us, and one of the telltale signs is melting glaciers. We hear about it almost daily, pieces of ice the size of continents breaking off of Antarctica or the polar arctic ice breaking up and disappearing more and more quickly opening up navigational routes once unavailable due to thick winter ice cover. Will melting ice and glaciers so far away change our lives? Meltdown takes us deep into the cryosphere, the Earth’s frozen environment and picks apart why glacier melt caused by climate change will alter (and already is altering) the way we live around the world. From rising seas that will destroy property and flood millions of acres of coastal lands, displacing hundreds of millions of people, to rising global temperatures due to reflectivity changes of the Earth because of decreased white glacier surface area, to colossal water supply changes from glacier runoff reduction, to deadly glacier tsunamis caused by the structural weakening of ice on high mountaintops that will take out entire communities living in glacier runoff basins, to escaping methane gas from thawing frozen permafrost grounds, and changing ocean temperatures that affect jet streams and ocean water currents around the planet, glacier melt is altering our global ecosystems in ways that will drastically change our everyday lives. Meltdown takes us into the little-known periglacial environment, a world of invisible subterranean glaciers in our coldest mountain ranges that will survive the initial impacts of climate change but that are also ultimately at risk due to a warming climate. By examining the dynamics of melting glaciers, Meltdown helps us grasp the impacts of a massive geological era shift occurring right before our eyes.
And Then There Was Ice
Authors: Taillant Jorge Daniel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This chapter introduces the basic definitions of a glacier and of the glaciosystem (a term coined by the author which refers to the glacier ecosystem). It describes glaciers, and through interactive links, shows the reader glaciers that can be viewed on a smart phone or computer. The chapter also describes the origin and formation of glaciers and their various functions. It introduces the life cycle of a glacier and also explains past and likely future ice ages (or glacial periods) as well as dynamics that may deepen global warming and impede the natural glacial age cycles, including the orbit of the Earth around the sun and its tilt and its relative influence on ice ages.