bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing zakat governance in East Java using analytical network process (ANP): the role of zakat technology (ZakaTech)
Authors: Widiastuti Tika , Cahyono Eko Fajar , Zulaikha Siti , Mawardi Imron , Al Mustofa Muhammad Ubaidillah 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This study aims to formulate a strategy for optimizing zakat governance in zakat institutions in East Java Province by identifying priority problems, creating solutions and developing strategies.

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative research uses the analytical network process method. Ten respondents representing practitioners, academics, associations and regulators were selected for their expertise in zakat governance. The data were processed using Super Decision software program and Excel.

Findings
Priority issues in optimizing zakat governance found in this study are lack of information on Mustahik’s needs and development to Muzakki and the low motivation and ability of Mustahik to develop. Improving the quality and capacity of Amil’s, especially in the technological aspect, is a priority solution. The priority strategy considers intensification (by developing Amil’s ability to use technology) and extensification (by increasing Amil’s numbers who master technology).

Practical implications
The results highlight the urgency of increasing Amil’s capacity and capability in technology-based zakat management. Zakat institutions need to prepare for management’s transformation toward zakat technology as one of the priorities in optimizing zakat governance.

Originality/value
Problems, solutions and strategies for optimizing zakat governance are collected by connecting it to the Zakat Core Principles, namely, the ninth principle of collection management and the tenth principle of distribution management. Further, for identifying problems, solutions and strategies, four aspects must be considered of Amil, Muzakki, Mustahiq and other supporting elements to present better policies to optimize zakat governance.
Why do Muslims engage in adaptive worship behavior during the pandemic? The role of protection motives and religiosity
Authors: Rostiani Rokhima , Toyib Jein Sriana , Khoiriyah Siti 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThis study aims to investigate whether the protection motivation theory (PMT) and religiosity can explain the intention of at-home worship adaptive behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study further explores factors that may affect this adaptive behavior, namely, the intention to adapt behavior, religiosity, social influence and trust in the government.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through an online survey to purposively sample the respondents, resulting in 368 responses that were valid for structural analysis using partial least squares structual equation modeling (SEM).FindingsThis study found that PMT, and not religiosity, directly predicts an individual’s intention to adapt his/her behavior to at-home worship during the pandemic. Religiosity, however, has a role in evoking a coping appraisal that leads to the intention to enact the adaptive behavior. Further, this study found that intention, social influence and trust in the government predict an individual’s adaptive behavior for at-home worship.Practical implicationsThis study may guide the government to create a policy that could enhance people’s adherence to adaptive behavior during the pandemic, particularly regarding their communication strategy by focusing on the cognitive and psychological aspects. In particular, framing based on this study’s result may serve as an insight for better prevention of virus transmission through a focused communications strategy.Originality/valueFirst, the utilization of PMT to explain adaptive behavior in the context of at-home worship during the pandemic was extended. Second, the research of religiosity in the context of a pandemic was advanced and how it influences adaptive behavior was investigated. Finally, the utilization of partial least squares-SEM techniques to investigate individual adaptive behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic was extended.
LMX, organizational justice and performance: curvilinear relationships
Authors: Ionescu Anata-Flavia , Iliescu Dragos 
Published: February 2021

PurposeOrganizational research has long been dominated by the assumption that relationships between variables are linear, which can be overly simplistic or even misleading. This study proposes and tests a model in which subordinate organizational justice perceptions influence the linearity of the relationship between leader–member exchange (LMX) and subordinate task performance.Design/methodology/approachA time-lagged anonymous survey study was conducted in Romania on a sample consisting of 274 subordinates nested under 42 leaders from a wide range of work settings. Supervisors rated the performance of their direct reports, while subordinates rated LMX and justice perceptions.FindingsHierarchical linear modeling results revealed that the associations of LMX and LMX affect with task performance were best described by an inverted U shape when perceptions of supervisory interpersonal justice were high. Relationship strength was also affected. No such moderating effects were confirmed for other types of justice. We also found an unmoderated nonlinear effect of LMX-professional respect on task performance.Practical implicationsResults suggest that for supervisors who are perceived as fair in terms of interpersonal justice, a moderate level of LMX (especially LMX affect), slightly above the mean, maximizes subordinate task performance, while high LMX is preferable otherwise. Similarly, a moderate level of LMX professional respect seems optimal for performance.Originality/valueThe present paper challenges the linearity assumption for the established LMX–performance association, demonstrating that both the linearity and strength of the association may be influenced by justice. Second, results suggest that the too-much-of-a-good-thing effect may be the result of additive effects. Third, differential effects of LMX and justice dimensions are revealed.
Unpacking Nordic branding: the value regimes of Nordicness
Authors: Andersen Lars Pynt , Lindberg Frank , Ostberg Jacob 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to develop place branding theory toward the accommodation of a multifaceted understanding of value and value negotiation by Nordic branding actors by way of answering the following question: How is Nordicness appropriated by Nordic branding actors and what value regimes are drawn on in the process?

Design/methodology/approach
Using field data from a selection of branding actors and sectors in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, a qualitative analysis of Nordic branding performances is used to unpack the negotiations of valuation of worth.

Findings
The analysis identified three principle orders of worth behind Nordicness (civic, green and inspired) that are negotiated through compromises between orders of industry and domestic and by contesting the orders of fame and market. The findings indicate how Nordicness is performed as principle worths and tensions and how these are rendered meaningful as propositions of “value as difference” as they are performed in practice by brand actors.

Originality/value
Several studies focus on how place branding “adds value;” however, few studies have been aimed at unpacking how a “value universe” is negotiated as a more complex understanding of worth or “value.” This study thus opens up for branding heterogeneity, which signifies awareness of competing notions and orders of worth among small- and medium-sized enterprises and other central stakeholders; this could further inspire interdisciplinary, value-based research into the potential contingencies of (product) branding and place branding in other contexts and regions.
Shift work and overtime across a career in law enforcement: a 15-year study
Authors: Riedy Samantha M. , Fekedulegn Desta , Vila Bryan , Andrew Michael , Violanti John M. 
Published: February 2021

PurposeTo characterize changes in work hours across a career in law enforcement.Design/methodology/approachN = 113 police officers enrolled in the BCOPS cohort were studied. The police officers started their careers in law enforcement between 1994 and 2001 at a mid-sized, unionized police department in northwestern New York and continued to work at this police department for at least 15 years. Day-by-day work history records were obtained from the payroll department. Work hours, leave hours and other pay types were summarized for each calendar year across their first 15 years of employment. Linear mixed-effects models with a random intercept over subject were used to determine if there were significant changes in pay types over time.FindingsA total of 1,617 individual-years of data were analyzed. As the police officers gained seniority at the department, they worked fewer hours and fewer night shifts. Total paid hours did not significantly change due to seniority-based increases in vacation time. Night shift work was increasingly in the form of overtime as officers gained seniority. Overtime was more prevalent at the beginning of a career and after a promotion from police officer to detective.Originality/valueShiftwork and long work hours have negative effects on sleep and increase the likelihood of on-duty fatigue and performance impairment. The results suggest that there are different points within a career in law enforcement where issues surrounding shiftwork and long work hours may be more prevalent. This has important implications for predicting fatigue, developing effective countermeasures and measuring fatigue-related costs.
Getting nowhere, going elsewhere: the impact of perceived career compromises on turnover intentions
Authors: De Clercq Dirk 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to investigate the unexplored relationship between employees' perceptions that they have made compromises in their careers (i.e. perceived career compromise) and their turnover intentions, as well as how it might be moderated by two personal factors (materialism and idealism) and two contextual factors (abusive supervision and decision autonomy).Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected among employees who work in the education sector in Canada.FindingsEmployees' frustrations about unwanted career adjustments lead to an enhanced desire to leave their organization. This process is more likely among employees who are materialistic and suffer from verbally abusive leaders, but it is less likely among those who are idealistic and have more decision autonomy.Practical implicationsFor human resource managers, these results provide novel insights into the individual and contextual circumstances in which frustrations about having to compromise career goals may escalate into the risk that valuable employees quit.Originality/valueThis study contributes to human resource management research by detailing the conditional effects of a hitherto overlooked determinant of employees' turnover intentions, namely, their beliefs about a discrepancy between their current career situation and their personal aspirations.
Asymmetrical effects of temperature on stage‐structured predator–prey interactions
Authors: Davidson Andrew T. , Hamman Elizabeth A. , McCoy Michael W. , Vonesh James R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Warming can impact consumer–resource interactions through multiple mechanisms. For example, warming can both alter the rate at which predators consume prey and the rate prey develop through vulnerable life stages. Thus, the overall effect of warming on consumer–resource interactions will depend upon the strength and asymmetry of warming effects on predator and prey performance.

Here, we quantified the temperature dependence of both (a) density‐dependent predation rates for two dragonfly nymph predators on a shared mosquito larval prey, via the functional response, and (b) the development rate of mosquito larval prey to a predator‐invulnerable adult stage. We united the results of these two empirical studies using a temperature‐ and density‐dependent stage‐structured predation model to predict the effects of temperature on the number of larvae that survive to adulthood.

Warming accelerated both larval mosquito development and increased dragonfly consumption. Model simulations suggest that differences in the magnitude and rate of predator and prey responses to warming determined the change in magnitude of the overall effect of predation on prey survival to adulthood. Specifically, we found that depending on which predator species prey were exposed to in the model, the net effect of warming was either an overall reduction or no change in predation strength across a temperature gradient.

Our results highlight a need for better mechanistic understanding of the differential effects of temperature on consumer–resource pairs to accurately predict how warming affects food web dynamics.

A free plain language summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Temperature effects on the temporal dynamics of a subarctic invertebrate community
Authors: Robinson Sinikka I. , Mikola Juha , Ovaskainen Otso , O'Gorman Eoin J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Climate warming is predicted to have major impacts on the structure of terrestrial communities, particularly in high latitude ecosystems where growing seasons are short. Higher temperatures may dampen seasonal dynamics in community composition as a consequence of earlier snowmelt, with potentially cascading effects across all levels of biological organisation.

Here, we examined changes in community assembly and structure along a natural soil temperature gradient in the Hengill geothermal valley, Iceland, during the summer of 2015. Sample collection over several time points within a season allowed us to assess whether temperature alters temporal variance in terrestrial communities and compositional turnover.

We found that seasonal fluctuations in species richness, diversity and evenness were dampened as soil temperature increased, whereas invertebrate biomass varied more. Body mass was found to be a good predictor of species occurrence, with smaller species found at higher soil temperatures and emerging earlier in the season.

Our results provide more in‐depth understanding of the temporal nature of community and population‐level responses to temperature, and indicate that climate warming will likely dampen the seasonal turnover of community structure that is characteristic of high latitude invertebrate communities.
Chromosome‐level genome of Poropuntius huangchuchieni provides a diploid progenitor‐like reference genome for the allotetraploid Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Chen Lin , Li Bijun , Chen Baohua , Li Chengyu , Zhou Zhixiong , Zhou Tao , Yang Weidi , Xu Peng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe diploid Poropuntius huangchuchieni in the cyprinid family, which is widely distributed in the Mekong and Red River basins, is one of the most closely related diploid progenitor‐like species of allotetraploid common carp, which was generated by merging of two diploid genomes during evolution. Therefore, the P. huangchuchieni genome is essential for polyploid evolution studies in Cyprinidae. Here, we report a high‐quality chromosome‐level genome assembly of P. huangchuchieni by integrating Oxford Nanopore and Hi‐C technologies. The assembled genome size was 1,021.38 Mb, 895.66 Mb of which was anchored onto 25 chromosomes with a N50 of 32.93 Mb. The genome contained 486.28 Mb repetitive elements and 24,099 protein‐coding genes. Approximately 95.9% of the complete BUSCOs were detected, suggesting a high completeness of the genome. Evolutionary analysis revealed that P. huangchuchieni diverged from Cyprinus carpio at approximately 12 Mya. Genome comparison between P. huangchuchieni and the B subgenome of C. carpio provided insights into chromosomal rearrangements during the allotetraploid speciation. With the complete gene set, 17,474 orthologous genes were identified between P. huangchuchieni and C. carpio, providing a broad view of the gene component in the allotetraploid genome, which is critical for future genetic analyses. The high‐quality genomic data set created for P. huangchuchieni provides a diploid progenitor‐like reference for the evolution and adaptation of allotetraploid carps.
Rephotography, permanent plots and remote sensing data provide varying insights on vegetation change on subantarctic Macquarie Island, 1980–2015
Authors: Fitzgerald Nicholas B. , Kirkpatrick Jamie B. , Scott Jenny J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDespite its remoteness, the vegetation of Subantarctic Macquarie Island is amongst the most thoroughly surveyed and monitored in Australia. Eradication of invasive European rabbits was achieved in 2011, after a decline in introduced rabbit populations in the eighties and nineties and a resurgence in the early twenty‐first century. The impacts of introduced rabbits and climate change on the vegetation of Macquarie Island are well‐documented from long‐term plots situated in some, but not all, of the vegetation types. Satellite data are sporadic, with substantial could‐free coverage rare. The island has been well‐photographed over many years, and several series of long‐term photo‐monitoring sites have been established over the past few decades. We compared insights on vegetation change derived from repeat landscape photography three years after myxoma virus was established, rabbit population resurgence and rabbits eradication, with plant species cover data from a set of long‐term monitoring sites, and with spectral vegetation indices derived from satellite imagery covering the transition from high rabbit numbers to no rabbits. The repeat photography confirmed many well‐documented vegetation trends, as well as providing an indication of previously unreported trends: stability of Acaena herbfield despite reduced disturbance; increase in cover of Pleurophyllum hookeri; increase in short grassland vegetation; and constancy in cover of Azorella macquariensis. Although subject to errors related to differences in sample size and resolution, the rephotography data gave the best information on spatial and temporal patterns of overall vegetation change. The plot data, where comparable, were not fully consistent with the rephotography data and are expensive to collect, requiring scientific expertise in the field and much time, while the sporadically available remote sensing data were effective in monitoring the revegetation/devegetation of ground and the recovery of Poa foliosa but we were unable to detect other changes.
The salience of the Northern and Southern identity in Vietnam
Authors: Truong Mai , Schuler Paul 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper explores the salience of the north‐south identity in Vietnam. Using focus groups and survey data, we argue that Vietnam is characterized by asymmetric ingroup bias, where southerners hold higher levels of ingroup favoritism and outgroup discrimination than the north. However, while north‐south identity exists, its salience is limited because it crosscuts with other social identities. Survey data show little difference between the north and the south regarding nationalism, support for redistribution, trade, authoritarian values and traditional values. There are differences with the south exhibiting lower trust in the government and generalized trust. Also, within Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and Hanoi more specifically, we find lower support for China and higher support for the United States in HCMC than in Hanoi. However, these differences are relatively muted, and combined with focus group evidence, suggest that while identity differences exist, they are asymmetric and not as salient as often presumed.
The impact of COVID‐19 restrictions in the United Kingdom on the positive behavioural support of people with an intellectual disability
Authors: Murray George C. , McKenzie Karen , Martin Rachel , Murray Aja 
Published: February 2021

Accessible summary

The way that people with an intellectual disability are supported is very important.

The COVID‐19 virus has changed the way that staff help people with an intellectual disability.

We wanted to know about those changes and whether learning about positive behavioural support (PBS) helped staff to cope with them.

The main changes were that people with an intellectual disability could not go out or see family and friends as often.

Staff came up with new things to do for the people they supported, and PBS learning seemed to help staff to cope.

AbstractBackgroundIt has been suggested that COVID‐19 and the associated restrictions are likely to have a negative impact on the provision of positive behavioural support (PBS) to people with an intellectual disability.MethodsFifty‐eight staff, who had recently completed an accredited positive behavioural support (PBS) programme, responded to an online questionnaire, which asked them to rate the impact of COVID‐19 on factors related to PBS.ResultsParticipants reported a neutral or somewhat positive impact on all the areas measured, with the exception of the activities and quality of life of those they supported, which were somewhat negatively affected. The participants rated the learning from their PBS programme as helping them cope with COVID‐19 to some extent. Examples of positive and negative effects and ways in which PBS helped staff to cope are presented.ConclusionsMany staff developed creative solutions that allowed them to provide PBS despite the COVID‐19 restrictions. PBS learning appeared to help staff cope with the negative impact of the restrictions.
Limbic‐predominant age‐related TDP‐43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change and microvascular pathologies in community‐dwelling older persons
Authors: Agrawal Sonal , Yu Lei , Kapasi Alifiya , James Bryan D. , Arfanakis Konstantinos , Barnes Lisa L. , Bennett David A. , Nag Sukriti , Schneider Julie A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLimbic‐predominant age‐related transactive response DNA‐binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE‐NC) and microvascular pathologies, including microinfarcts, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and arteriolosclerosis are common in old age. A relationship between LATE‐NC and arteriolosclerosis has been reported in some but not all studies. The objectives of this study were to investigate the frequency of co‐occurring LATE‐NC and microvascular pathologies and test the hypothesis that arteriolosclerosis, specifically, is related to LATE‐NC in brains from community‐dwelling older persons. Analyses included 749 deceased participants with completed data on LATE‐NC and microvascular pathology from 3 longitudinal clinical pathologic studies of aging. Given the specific interest in arteriolosclerosis, we expanded the examination of arteriolosclerosis to include not only the basal ganglia but also two additional white matter regions from anterior and posterior watershed territories. Ordinal logistic regression models examined the association of microvascular pathology with LATE‐NC. LATE‐NC was present in 409 (54.6%) decedents, of which 354 (86.5%) had one or multiple microvascular pathologies including 132 (32.3%) with moderate‐severe arteriolosclerosis in basal ganglia, 195 (47.6%) in anterior watershed, and 144 (35.2%) in posterior watershed; 170 (41.5%) with moderate‐severe CAA, and 150 (36.6%) with microinfarcts. In logistic regression models, only posterior watershed arteriolosclerosis, but not other regions of arteriolosclerosis was associated with a higher odds of more advanced LATE‐NC stages (Odds Ratio = 1.12; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.01–1.25) after controlling for demographics, AD, and other age‐related pathologies. Capillary CAA, but not the severity of CAA was associated with an increased odds of LATE‐NC burden (Odds Ratio = 1.71; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.13–2.58). Findings were unchanged in analyses controlling for APOE ε4, vascular risk factors, or vascular diseases. These findings suggest that LATE‐NC with microvascular pathology is a very common mixed pathology and small vessel disease pathology may contribute to LATE‐NC in the aging brain.