bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N,N‐heterocyclic Ancillary Ligands for Enhanced Photoluminescence Quantum Yields of Orange/Red‐Emitting 1‐(4‐(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)isoquinoline‐Based Iridium (III) Complexes
Authors: Yang Xiao‐Han , Dou Shao‐Bin , Zhang Qian , Yang Rui‐Lian , Liu Zhuo , Li Gao‐Nan , Niu Zhi‐Gang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFour new cationic iridium (III) complexes: [(cf3piq)2Ir(pzpy)]+PF6− (Ir1), [(cf3piq)2Ir(pzpyz)]+PF6− (Ir2), [(cf3piq)2Ir(impy)]+PF6− (Ir3), and [(cf3piq)2Ir(impyz)]+PF6− (Ir4) (where cf3piq=1‐(4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)isoquinoline, pzpy=2‐(1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)pyridine, pzpyz=2‐(1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)pyrazine, impy=2‐(1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)pyridine, and impyz=2‐(1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)pyrazine) have been synthesized and fully characterized. The single crystal structure of Ir3 has been determined by X‐ray diffraction, and confirmed to have two hydrogen bonds (C14−H14⋅⋅⋅N2 and C57−H57⋅⋅⋅N9) and one intermolecular π‐π stacking interaction. The UV‐vis absorption, photoluminescence, and electrochemistry properties of all complexes have been studied. These complexes emit orange‐red photoluminescence with quantum yields of 28–46 % and excited state lifetimes of 0.48‐0.65 μs in CH2Cl2 solution at room temperature. Based on the DFT calculations, we concluded that their emission originated predominantly from a hybrid 3MLCT/3ILCT excited state.
Mimetic inflation
Authors: Mansoori Seyed Ali Hosseini , Talebian Alireza , Firouzjahi Hassan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We study inflationary solution in an extension of mimetic gravity with the higher derivative interactions coupled to gravity. Because of the higher derivative interactions the setup is free from the ghost and gradient instabilities while it hosts a number of novel properties. The dispersion relation of scalar perturbations develop quartic momentum correction similar to the setup of ghost inflation. Furthermore, the tilt of tensor perturbations can take either signs with a modified consistency relation between the tilt and the amplitude of tensor perturbations. Despite the presence of higher derivative interactions coupled to gravity the tensor perturbations propagate with the speed equal to the speed of light as required by the LIGO observations. Furthermore, the higher derivative interactions induce non-trivial interactions in cubic Hamiltonian, generating non-Gaussianities in various shapes such as the equilateral, orthogonal and squeezed configurations with observable amplitudes.
Maternal obesity during pregnancy leads to adipose tissue ER stress in mice via miR-126-mediated reduction in Lunapark
Authors: de Almeida-Faria Juliana , Duque-Guimarães Daniella E. , Ong Thomas P. , Pantaleão Lucas C. , Carpenter Asha A. , Loche Elena , Kusinski Laura C. , Ashmore Thomas J. , Antrobus Robin , Bushell Martin , Fernandez-Twinn Denise S. , Ozanne Susan E. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Levels of the microRNA (miRNA) miR-126-3p are programmed cell-autonomously in visceral adipose tissue of adult offspring born to obese female C57BL/6J mice. The spectrum of miR-126-3p targets and thus the consequences of its dysregulation for adipocyte metabolism are unknown. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to identify novel targets of miR-126-3p in vitro and then establish the outcomes of their dysregulation on adipocyte metabolism in vivo using a well-established maternal obesity mouse model.

Methods
miR-126-3p overexpression in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes followed by pulsed stable isotope labelling by amino acids in culture (pSILAC) was performed to identify novel targets of the miRNA. Well-established bioinformatics algorithms and luciferase assays were then employed to confirm those that were direct targets of miR-126-3p. Selected knockdown experiments were performed in vitro to define the consequences of target dysregulation. Quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblotting, histology, euglycaemic–hyperinsulinaemic clamps and glucose tolerance tests were performed to determine the phenotypic and functional outcomes of maternal programmed miR-126-3p levels in offspring adipose tissue.

Results
The proteomic approach confirmed the identity of known targets of miR-126-3p (including IRS-1) and identified Lunapark, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein, as a novel one. We confirmed by luciferase assay that Lunapark was a direct target of miR-126-3p. Overexpression of miR-126-3p in vitro led to a reduction in Lunapark protein levels and increased Perk (also known as Eif2ak3) mRNA levels and small interference-RNA mediated knockdown of Lunapark led to increased Xbp1, spliced Xbp1, Chop (also known as Ddit3) and Perk mRNA levels and an ER stress transcriptional response in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Consistent with the results found in vitro, increased miR-126-3p expression in adipose tissue from adult mouse offspring born to obese dams was accompanied by decreased Lunapark and IRS-1 protein levels and increased markers of ER stress. At the whole-body level the animals displayed glucose intolerance.

Conclusions/interpretation
Concurrently targeting IRS-1 and Lunapark, a nutritionally programmed increase in miR-126-3p causes adipose tissue insulin resistance and an ER stress response, both of which may contribute to impaired glucose tolerance. These findings provide a novel mechanism by which obesity during pregnancy leads to increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the offspring and therefore identify miR-126-3p as a potential therapeutic target.

Graphical abstract
Comparison of Chief Surgeons’ and Assistants’ Feelings of Fatigue Between Laparoendoscopic Single‐site and Conventional Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy
Authors: Inoue Shogo , Ikeda Kenichiro , Goto Keisuke , Hieda Keisuke , Hayashi Tetsutaro , Teishima Jun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundOur objective was to compare the surgical staff's feelings of fatigue between laparoendoscopic single‐site adrenalectomy (LESS‐A) and conventional laparoscopic adrenalectomy (CLA) before and after surgery.MethodData were collected for surgical procedures performed between June 2011 and September 2017 (57 LESS‐A and 37 CLA). Each procedure in both groups was performed by the same chief surgeon. The subjective fatigue feelings of the key members of the surgical team (chief surgeon, scopist, assistant surgeon) were assessed using the “Jikaku‐sho shirabe” questionnaire, which contained questions about work‐related feelings of fatigue. It consisted of 25 subjective items for 5 factors drawn from factor analysis (drowsiness, instability, uneasiness, local pain or dullness, and eyestrain). For each item, the participants were requested to estimate the intensity of their feelings using a five‐point rating scale before and after surgery.ResultsThere was no significant difference in operative time (p = 0.231) between the LESS‐A and CLA procedure groups. For the chief surgeon, local pain or dullness (p = 0.603) and eyestrain (p = 0.086) were similar between the LESS‐A and CLA procedures. The scopists and assistant surgeons in the LESS‐A group did not suffer local pain or dullness (p = 0.793 and p = 0.240, respectively). They did, however, suffer more eyestrain than those in the CLA group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively).ConclusionAlthough LESS‐A is generally considered to be a technically difficult procedure, the results of this study demonstrate that the feelings of physical fatigue are roughly equivalent between LESS‐A and CLA procedures.
Viral co-infections among SARS-CoV-2-infected children and infected adult household contacts
Authors:   for the Geneva Pediatric COVID Group, Pigny Fiona , Wagner Noémie , Rohr Marie , Mamin Aline , Cherpillod Pascal , Posfay-Barbe Klara M. , Kaiser Laurent , Eckerle Isabella , L’Huillier Arnaud G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe evaluated the rates of viral respiratory co-infections among SARS-CoV-2-infected children. Twelve percent of SARS-CoV-2-infected children had viral co-infection with one or more common respiratory viruses. This was significantly more frequent than among their SARS-CoV-2-infected adult household contacts (0%; p=0.028). Compared to the same period the previous year, common respiratory viruses were less frequently detected (12% vs 73%, p<0.001).Conclusion: Despite partial lockdown with school and daycare closure, and consequently similar exposure to common viruses between children and adults, SARS-CoV-2-infected children had more frequent viral respiratory co-infections than their SARS-CoV-2-infected adult household contacts. Circulation of common respiratory viruses was less frequent during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak when compared to the same period last year, showing the impact of partial lockdown on the circulation of common viruses.

What is Known:• Viral respiratory co-infections are frequent in children.• SARS-CoV-2 can be identified alongside other respiratory viruses, but data comparing children and adults are lacking.

What is New:• Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 are more likely to have viral respiratory co-infections than their SARS-CoV-2-infected adult household contacts, which is surprising in the context of partial lockdown with schools and daycare closed.• When compared to data collected during the same period last year, our study also showed that partial lockdown reduced circulation of common respiratory viruses.
Missense3D-DB web catalogue: an atom-based analysis and repository of 4M human protein-coding genetic variants
Authors: Khanna Tarun , Hanna Gordon , Sternberg Michael J. E. , David Alessia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe interpretation of human genetic variation is one of the greatest challenges of modern genetics. New approaches are urgently needed to prioritize variants, especially those that are rare or lack a definitive clinical interpretation. We examined 10,136,597 human missense genetic variants from GnomAD, ClinVar and UniProt. We were able to perform large-scale atom-based mapping and phenotype interpretation of 3,960,015 of these variants onto 18,874 experimental and 84,818 in house predicted three-dimensional coordinates of the human proteome. We demonstrate that 14% of amino acid substitutions from the GnomAD database that could be structurally analysed are predicted to affect protein structure (n = 568,548, of which 566,439 rare or extremely rare) and may, therefore, have a yet unknown disease-causing effect. The same is true for 19.0% (n = 6266) of variants of unknown clinical significance or conflicting interpretation reported in the ClinVar database. The results of the structural analysis are available in the dedicated web catalogue Missense3D-DB (http://missense3d.bc.ic.ac.uk/). For each of the 4 M variants, the results of the structural analysis are presented in a friendly concise format that can be included in clinical genetic reports. A detailed report of the structural analysis is also available for the non-experts in structural biology. Population frequency and predictions from SIFT and PolyPhen are included for a more comprehensive variant interpretation. This is the first large-scale atom-based structural interpretation of human genetic variation and offers geneticists and the biomedical community a new approach to genetic variant interpretation.
Intensivpflege in Zeiten der COVID-19 Pandemie: Zur Frage des Verhältnisses von Fürsorge und Selbstsorge
Authors: Kuhn Eva , Seidlein Anna-Henrikje 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungDie COVID-19 Pandemie stellt eine beträchtliche Herausforderung für die Kapazität und Funktionalität der Intensivversorgung dar. Dies betrifft nicht nur Ressourcen, sondern vor allem auch die körperlichen und psychischen Grenzen von Pflegefachpersonen. Der Frage, wie sich Fürsorge und Selbstsorge von Pflegefachpersonen auf Intensivstationen im Rahmen der COVID-19 Pandemie zueinander verhalten, wurde bislang im öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Diskurs keine Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt. Der vorliegende Beitrag reflektiert dieses Verhältnis mit Hilfe des Ethikkodex des International Council of Nurses, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Prinzipienethik und der Care-Ethik nach Joan Tronto und zeigt einen Korridor ethisch vertretbarer Pflege auf.Die Arbeit leistet damit einen wichtigen Beitrag zu einer differenzierten ethischen Betrachtung der Rechte und Verantwortlichkeiten von Pflegefachpersonen als moralischen Akteuren innerhalb des Pandemiegeschehens in Deutschland. Damit schafft er eine erste Voraussetzung für einen breiten gesellschaftlichen und politischen Diskurs, der über die Pandemie hinaus dringend notwendig ist, um die Situation der Pflegefachpersonen und der Gepflegten nachhaltig zu verbessern.
Ectomycorrhizal fungal community structure in a young orchard of grafted and ungrafted hybrid chestnut saplings
Authors: Santolamazza-Carbone Serena , Iglesias-Bernabé Laura , Sinde-Stompel Esteban , Gallego Pedro Pablo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEctomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal community of the European chestnut has been poorly investigated, and mostly by sporocarp sampling. We proposed the study of the ECM fungal community of 2-year-old chestnut hybridsCastanea×coudercii(Castanea sativa×Castanea crenata) using molecular approaches. By using the chestnut hybrid clones 111 and 125, we assessed the impact of grafting on ECM colonization rate, species diversity, and fungal community composition. The clone type did not have an impact on the studied variables; however, grafting significantly influenced ECM colonization rate in clone 111. Species diversity and richness did not vary between the experimental groups. Grafted and ungrafted plants of clone 111 had a different ECM fungal species composition. Sequence data from ITS regions of rDNA revealed the presence of 9 orders, 15 families, 19 genera, and 27 species of ECM fungi, most of them generalist, early-stage species. Thirteen new taxa were described in association with chestnuts.The basidiomycetes Agaricales (13 taxa) and Boletales (11 taxa) represented 36% and 31%, of the total sampled ECM fungal taxa, respectively.Scleroderma citrinum,S. areolatum, andS. polyrhizum(Boletales) were found in 86% of the trees and represented 39% of total ECM root tips. The ascomyceteCenococcum geophilum(Mytilinidiales) was found in 80% of the trees but accounted only for 6% of the colonized root tips. These results could help to unveil the impact of grafting on fungal symbionts, improving management of chestnut agro-ecosystems and production of edible fungal species.
Does plain radiography still have a role in cases of fish bone ingestion in emergency rooms? A retrospective analysis
Authors: Wu Tzu-Chi , Huang Pin-Wen , Tung Chun-Bin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Fish bones are the most common aerodigestive foreign bodies found in adults. Most cases of fish bone impaction improve after primary management by emergency physicians with a mirror laryngoscopy using a tongue depressor, before otolaryngologists perform a fiberoptic nasendoscopy. A computed tomography scan usually follows to determine the next step. Studies have recently been concerned about overdoses of radiation from computed tomography. However, clear algorithms remain unavailable for fish bone ingestion management to date.

Methods
A retrospective review was conducted on 180 patients who visited the emergency department with complaints of fish bone impaction between January 2017 and January 2019.

Results
A total of 81.6% of patients with fish bone impaction got symptomatic relief after primary management by emergency physicians and otolaryngologists. Out of 180 patients, 33 (18.3%) needed an endoscopic procedure due to persistent symptoms. Only one (0.56%) required an operation due to perforation. In the group failing primary management, the plain radiography of eight patients showed a positive finding and an esophagogastroscopy was done to remove the fish bones.

Conclusion
Lateral neck radiography is still beneficial to patients with fish bone ingestion failure from primary management. Positive lateral soft tissue radiography in cases with persistent symptoms post primary management may directly suggest esophagogastroscopy without confirmation from a computed tomography, unless complications are suspected. For patients aged below 40, following up on their conditions after post management radiography shows negative results may increase their safety.
Habitat use of golden jackals (Canis aureus) in riverine areas of northern Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Selimovic Aldin , Schöll Eva Maria , Bosseler Larissa , Hatlauf Jennifer 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRecently confirmed expansion of golden jackals (Canis aureus) into countries without any previous records poses questions, one of them focusing on the species potential and possibly varying habitat use. In this study, we investigated the presence and distribution of golden jackals in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina, where knowledge about golden jackal distribution and habitat use is still scarce. We used bioacoustic stimulation as a non-invasive tool to gather data on golden jackal presence. Habitat structures potentially selected by the species were assessed at 92 calling stations and used as input for binary logistic regression models. Our study area covered approximately 1150 km2, and bioacoustic stimulation within this area resulted in an estimated minimum relative group density of 3.5 territorial groups per 100 km2. We found territorial groups at distances between 15 and 38 km southwards from the river Sava but always within a maximum range of 3 km to perennial watercourses. Habitat analysis identified shrub vegetation and pastures as structures with a significant effect on the presence of resident golden jackals. Probability that golden jackals answered at calling stations increased with increasing surface area covered with pastures and shrubs. Distances between golden jackal territories and the nearest human settlement were relatively small. Our results indicate that structures like transitional woodland-shrubs and pastures, together with other potential influencing factors like local agricultural practices, low hunting pressure, diverse natural and anthropogenic food sources, could have benefited the settlement of golden jackals in the northern lowlands of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Teacher: But Not Student Rating of the Pedagogic and Social Climate in School Predicts Adolescents’ Academic Aspirations
Authors: Almroth Melody , László Krisztina D. , Kosidou Kyriaki , Galanti Maria Rosaria 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundHigh academic aspirations relate to higher achievement and better mental health, but less is known about how these aspirations are formed in relation to the educational context.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the relationship between overall school climate, with particular concern for the dimensions of school level expectations and support as rated by both teachers and students and adolescent academic aspirations.MethodsMultilevel logistic models for repeated measures were used in order to investigate the relationship between measures of school climate and adolescents’ academic aspirations. Three annual waves of questionnaire data were used to obtain aggregated teacher- and student-rating of school climate, including specific dimensions of teacher expectations and support.ResultsPositive teacher-rated overall school climate was associated with an increased odds of adolescents aiming at a university education rather than at a lower one (adjusted OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.14–1.63 for the intermediate tertile; OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.14–1.70 for the highest tertile). A similar trend was found for the teacher-rated measures of expectations and student focus, but not for any of the student-rated school climate measures.ConclusionA positive school climate rated by teachers appears to predict adolescents’ university aspirations. Future research should clarify which aspects of the school climate may influence adolescent academic aspirations from the students’ perspective.
Regularizing axis-aligned ensembles via data rotations that favor simpler learners
Authors: Blaser Rico , Fryzlewicz Piotr 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo overcome the inherent limitations of axis-aligned base learners in ensemble learning, several methods of rotating the feature space have been discussed in the literature. In particular, smoother decision boundaries can often be obtained from axis-aligned ensembles by rotating the feature space. In the present paper, we introduce a low-cost regularization technique that favors rotations which produce compact base learners. The restated problem adds a shrinkage term to the loss function that explicitly accounts for the complexity of the base learners. For example, for tree-based ensembles, we apply a penalty based on the median number of nodes and the median depth of the trees in the forest. Rather than jointly minimizing prediction error and model complexity, which is computationally infeasible, we first generate a prioritized weighting of the available feature rotations that promotes lower model complexity and subsequently minimize prediction errors on each of the selected rotations. We show that the resulting ensembles tend to be significantly more dense, faster to evaluate, and competitive at generalizing in out-of-sample predictions.
Comprehensive profiling of semi‐polar phytochemicals in whole wheat grains (Triticum aestivum) using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Tais Leslie , Schulz Hartwig , Böttcher Christoph 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) it is one of the most important staple food crops worldwide and represents an important resource for human nutrition. Besides starch, proteins and micronutrients wheat grains accumulate a highly diverse set of phytochemicals.

Objectives
This work aimed at the development and validation of an analytical workflow for comprehensive profiling of semi-polar phytochemicals in whole wheat grains.

Method
Reversed-phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/ESI-QTOFMS) was used as analytical platform. For annotation of metabolites accurate mass collision-induced dissociation mass spectra were acquired and interpreted in conjunction with literature data, database queries and analyses of reference compounds.

Results
Based on reversed-phase UHPLC/ESI-QTOFMS an analytical workflow for comprehensive profiling of semi-polar phytochemicals in whole wheat grains was developed. For method development the extraction procedure and the chromatographic separation were optimized. Using whole grains of eight wheat cultivars a total of 248 metabolites were annotated and characterized by chromatographic and tandem mass spectral data. Annotated metabolites comprise hydroquinones, hydroxycinnamic acid amides, flavonoids, benzoxazinoids, lignans and other phenolics as well as numerous primary metabolites such as nucleosides, amino acids and derivatives, organic acids, saccharides and B vitamin derivatives. For method validation, recovery rates and matrix effects were determined for ten exogenous model compounds. Repeatability and linearity were assessed for 39 representative endogenous metabolites. In addition, the accuracy of relative quantification was evaluated for six exogenous model compounds.

Conclusions
In conjunction with non-targeted and targeted data analysis strategies the developed analytical workflow was successfully applied to discern differences in the profiles of semi-polar phytochemicals accumulating in whole grains of eight wheat cultivars.