bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term outcomes of nasogastric tube with Gastrografin for adhesive small bowel obstruction
Authors: Nishie Hirotada , Shimura Takaya , Katano Takahito , Iwai Tomohiro , Itoh Keisuke , Ebi Masahide , Mizuno Yusuke , Togawa Shozo , Shibata Shunsuke , Yamada Tomonori , Mizushima Takashi , Inagaki Yusuke , Kitagawa Mika , Nojiri Yu , Tanaka Yoshito , Okamoto Yasuyuki , Matoya Sho , Nagura Yoshihito , Inagaki Yuki , Koguchi Hiroki , Ono Satoshi , Ozeki Keiji , Hayashi Noriyuki , Takiguchi Shuji , Kataoka Hiromi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe had previously reported that the administration of Gastrografin through a nasogastric tube (NGT‐G) followed by long tube (LT) strategy could be a novel standard treatment for adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO); however, the long‐term outcomes after initial improvement remain unknown. This study aimed to analyze the long‐term outcomes of first‐line NGT‐G.MethodsEnrolled patients with ASBO were randomly assigned to receive LT or NGT‐G between July 2016 and November 2018. Thereafter, the cumulative surgery rate, cumulative recurrence rate, and overall survival (OS) rate were analyzed. In addition, subset analysis was conducted to determine the cumulative recurrence rate according to colonic contrast with Gastrografin at 24 h.ResultsA total of 223 patients (LT group, n = 111; NGT‐G group, n = 112) were analyzed over a median follow‐up duration of 550 days. The cumulative 1‐year surgery rates, cumulative 1‐year recurrence rates, and 1‐year OS rates in the LT and NGT‐G groups were 18.8% and 18.1%, 30.0% and 31.7%, and 99.1% and 96.6%, respectively; no significant differences were observed between both groups. In the NGT‐G group, a negative colonic contrast at 24 h demonstrated a higher tendency for future recurrence compared with a positive colonic contrast at 24 h (1‐year recurrence rate: negative contrast, 46.9% vs positive contrast, 27.6%).ConclusionsGastrografin through a nasogastric tube followed by LT can be a promising treatment strategy for ASBO, with long‐term efficacies equivalent to initial LT placement.
Building an advocacy model to improve the dementia‐capability of health plans in California
Authors: Hollister Brooke A. , Yeh Jarmin , Ross Leslie , Schlesinger Jennifer , Cherry Debra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundGiven the high and growing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, and the intensity of this population's care needs, it is imperative that healthcare systems increase their capacity to effectively serve people living with dementia (PLwD). The Dementia Cal MediConnect (Dementia CMC) project proposes an advocacy model that may foster dementia‐capable systems change.MethodsThe Dementia CMC project was a 5‐year partnership (2013–2018) between local Alzheimer's organizations and 10 managed care health plans (HPs) in California's duals demonstration. It used an advocacy model with the following steps: (1) Identify dementia‐capable best practices to set as systems change indicators; (2) Identify and leverage public policies in support of systems change indicators; (3) Identify and engage champions; (4) Develop and advocate for a business case to improve dementia care; (5) Identify gaps in dementia‐capable practices; (6) Provide technical assistance, tools, and staff training to address the gaps in dementia‐capable practices; and (7) Track systems change. Systems change data were collected through participant observation with HPs and interviews with key informants representing partnering organizations or government entities.ResultsParticipating HPs reported making systems changes toward more dementia‐capable practices such as: better pathways for detection and diagnosis; better identification, assessment, support, and engagement of caregivers; and improved systems of referral to community‐based organizations (CBOs), including Alzheimer's CBOs. Some indicators of systems change were inconclusive due to flawed assumptions around HP's care coordination, and the availability of common electronic health records between HPs and providers.ConclusionThe application of this advocacy model in California has led to systems changes that can improve care for PLwD and their caregivers and should be replicated to expand the dementia‐capability of other health systems. Continued efforts to refine indicators are needed to capture systems change in complex and changing health systems.
Kappa free light chain index as a diagnostic biomarker in multiple sclerosis: A real‐world investigation
Authors: Rosenstein Igal , Rasch Sofia , Axelsson Markus , Novakova Lenka , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Lycke Jan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKappa free light chain (KFLC) index, a measure for intrathecal production of free kappa chains, has been increasingly recognized for its diagnostic potential in multiple sclerosis (MS) as a quantitative alternative to IgG oligoclonal bands (OCBs). Our objective was to investigate the sensitivity, specificity, and overall diagnostic accuracy of KFLC index in MS. KFLC index was prospectively determined as part of the diagnostic workup in patients with suspected MS (n = 327) between May 2013 and February 2020. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS), and MS had markedly higher KFLC index (44.6, IQR 16–128) compared with subjects with other neuro‐inflammatory disorders (ONID) and symptomatic controls (SC) (2.19, IQR 1.68–2.98, p < 0.001). KFLC index had a sensitivity of 0.93 (95% CI 0.88–0.95) and specificity of 0.87 (95% CI 0.8–0.92) to discriminate CIS/RIS/MS from ONID and SC (AUC 0.94, 95% CI 0.91–0.97, p < 0.001). KFLC index and intrathecal fraction (IF) KFLC had similar accuracies to detect MS. Treatment with disease‐modifying therapy (DMT) did not influence the level of KFLC index and it was not affected by demographic factors or associated with degenerative or inflammatory biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). KFLC index in MS diagnostics has methodological advantages compared to OCB and is independent to subjective interpretation. Moreover, it is an attractive diagnostic tool since the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of KFLC index are similar with that of OCBs and KFLCIF and better than for IgG index. We show that KFLC index was influenced neither by DMT nor by demographic factors or other inflammatory or degenerative processes in MS as determined by biomarkers in CSF.
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The drebrin/EB3 pathway regulates cytoskeletal dynamics to drive neuritogenesis in embryonic cortical neurons
Authors: Poobalasingam Thanushiyan , Bianco Francesca , Oozeer Fazal , Gordon‐Weeks Phillip R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCo‐ordinating the dynamic behaviour of actin filaments (F‐actin) and microtubules in filopodia is an important underlying process in neuritogenesis, but the molecular pathways involved are ill‐defined. The drebrin/end‐binding protein 3 (EB3) pathway is a candidate pathway for linking F‐actin to microtubules in filopodia. Drebrin binds F‐actin and, simultaneously, the microtubule‐binding protein EB3 when bound to microtubule plus‐ends. We assessed the effect on neuritogenesis of gain‐ or loss‐of‐function of proteins in the drebrin/EB3 pathway in rat embryonic cortical neurons in culture. Loss‐of‐function of drebrin by gene editing or pharmacological inhibition of drebrin binding to F‐actin reduced the number of dynamic microtubules in the cell periphery and simultaneously delayed the initiation of neuritogenesis, whereas over‐expression of drebrin induced supernumerary neurites. Similarly, loss of EB3 inhibited neuritogenesis, whereas loss of end‐binding protein 1 (EB1), a related protein that does not bind to drebrin, did not affect neuritogenesis. Over‐expression of EB3, but not EB1, induced supernumerary neurites. We discovered that EB3 is more proximally located at dynamic microtubule plus‐ends than EB1 in growth cone filopodia allowing for continuous microtubule elongation as the drebrin/EB3 pathway zippers microtubules to F‐actin in filopodia. Finally, we showed that preventing the entry of dynamic microtubules into filopodia using a pharmacological inhibitor of microtubule dynamics is associated with a loss of EB3, but not EB1, from microtubule plus‐ends and a concurrent attenuation of neuritogenesis. Collectively, these findings support the idea that neuritogenesis depends on microtubule/F‐actin zippering in filopodia orchestrated by the drebrin/EB3 pathway.
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Cultural adaptation congruence in immigrant spouses is associated with marital quality
Authors: Sim Lester , Chen Shanting , Zhang Minyu , Edelstein Robin S. , Kim Su Yeong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective and backgroundPrevious research suggests that cultural adaptation is associated with Mexican‐origin couples' marital outcomes, including marital distress and rates of dissolution. However, research on the marital implications of different types of spousal differences in cultural adaptation often omits important dyadic dynamics (i.e., incongruence between couples and with their partners); this, coupled with existing methodological issues, might contribute to the pattern of mixed findings in the literature.MethodUsing data from 273 Mexican‐origin couples, we conducted response surface analyses to examine how spousal congruence in four adaptation domains (acculturation, enculturation, English proficiency, Spanish proficiency) is associated with wives' and husbands' marital warmth, hostility and satisfaction.ResultsHigher, versus lower, levels of couple matches (except for enculturation) were associated with better marital quality. Mismatches in American (acculturation, English) and Mexican (enculturation, Spanish) orientations were also associated with higher, and lower, marital quality, respectively.Conclusion and implicationOur findings highlight the importance of examining couple matching, which has historically been understudied. We also suggest that inconsistencies in prior work can be explained by discrepant associations between mismatches in American versus Mexican orientation and relationship outcomes.
Serum phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain as a diagnostic biomarker for progressive myelomalacia in dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation
Authors: Murthy Vishal D. , Li Chai‐Fei , Hicks Jill , Kroll Jacqueline , Giuffrida Michelle , Dickinson Peter , Toedebusch Christine M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundSerum phosphorylated neurofilament‐heavy chain (pNF‐H) has not been longitudinally evaluated in dogs that develop progressive myelomalacia (PMM) after Type I intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH).ObjectivesTo determine if serum pNF‐H concentrations would predict outcome of neuroligical disease in dogs with acute, severe thoracolumbar myelopathy secondary to Type I IVDH.AnimalsThirty‐nine client‐owned dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathy secondary to IVDH.MethodsProspective controlled cohort study. Serum was collected from dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy at multiple timepoints. Final neurological status was established at 12 months and groups were stratified accordingly. Comparisons between outcome and pNF‐H concentration at each timepoint was examined using Kruskal‐Wallis analysis of variance on ranks and receiver operator characteristics curve analysis.ResultsMedian serum pNF‐H concentrations were not significantly different between deep pain negative dogs that did or did not recover at any timepoint (baseline: 0.37 ng/mL [0‐0.9 ng/mL] vs 0 ng/mL [0‐0.9 ng/mL], P > 1; 24 hours: 1.25 ng/mL [0.35‐7.23 ng/mL] vs 1.53 ng/mL [0‐11.94 ng/mL], P > 1; 48 hours: 1.22 ng/mL [0.63‐6.62 ng/mL] vs 2.12 ng/mL [0‐20.72 ng/mL], P >  1; 72 hours: 2.77 ng/mL [1.33‐6.62 ng/mL] vs 16.69 ng/mL [4.02‐40.12 ng/mL], P >  1). Dogs that developed PMM had significantly higher serum pNF‐H concentrations after surgery compared to all other cohorts at 24 hours: 39.88 ng/mL (25.74‐50.68 ng/mL); P < .05 and 72 hours: 223.9 ng/mL (155.4‐263.7 ng/mL); P < .05. A serum pNF‐H concentration ≥31.39 ng/mL was 83.33% sensitive and 100% specific for identifying PMM in this cohort.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSerum pNF‐H is a promising biomarker for antemortem diagnosis of PMM in dogs with acute, severe thoracolumbar myelopathy secondary to Type I IVDH.
Clinical features and amino acid profiles of dogs with hepatocutaneous syndrome or hepatocutaneous‐associated hepatopathy
Authors: Loftus John P. , Center Sharon A. , Astor Michael , Miller Adam J. , Peters‐Kennedy Jeanine 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundSuperficial necrolytic dermatitis (SND), hepatocutaneous‐associated hepatopathy (HCH), aminoaciduria, and hypoaminoacidemia define hepatocutaneous syndrome (HCS) in dogs. Dogs without SND but that possess all other syndrome components are not well described.Hypothesis/objectivesTo define an inclusive syndrome, aminoaciduric canine hypoaminoacidemic hepatopathy syndrome (ACHES) for dogs with HCH or HCS. Compare clinical features, salient clinicopathologic variables, and plasma and urine amino acid (AA) profiles among ACHES cases by skin lesion status.AnimalsDogs of various breeds and ages diagnosed with ACHES (n = 41). A control (CON) cohort (n = 12) provided AA profile data.MethodsRetrospective case series. Available medical records of previously identified cases were reviewed for salient clinical features and clinical pathology data. Plasma and urine AA profiles were performed. Cutaneous lesion status was classified as none, mild, or fulminant.ResultsThirty cases (73%) developed SND at some time. Dogs with fulminant skin lesions at diagnosis (n = 22/41, 54%) had significantly lower hematocrit (P = .05) and mean corpuscular volume (P = .01) than dogs without SND. Principal component analysis of plasma AA profiles identified distinct clustering of CON from ACHES dogs, but not by skin lesion status. Plasma 1‐methylhistidine (<7 nmol/mL) and cystathionine (<7.5 nmol/mL) were robust ACHES biomarkers. Urine lysine (>344 nmol/mg creatinine) and methionine (>68 nmol/mg creatinine) also were useful ACHES biomarkers.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSpecific AA biomarkers provide additional diagnostic utility in ACHES. Data suggests that HCH is an early stage, and SND a later stage manifestation of ACHES.
Health humanities and British Romanticism
Authors: Pladek B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article gives an overview of health humanities (HH) scholarship within British Romanticism as a literary historical field. Romantic literary studies has a peculiar relationship to HH work—one that justifies examining it separately from its adjacent fields, 18th‐century and Victorian studies. The article surveys HH work from the past 20 years of Romantic scholarship, drawing some conclusions about how the field's history has informed its current shape, before offering some tentative predictions about the future.
Crack detection using fusion features‐based broad learning system and image processing
Authors: Zhang Yang , Yuen Ka‐Veng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDeep learning has been widely applied to vision‐based structural damage detection, but its computational demand is high. To avoid this computational burden, a novel crack detection system, namely, fusion features‐based broad learning system (FF‐BLS), is proposed for efficient training without GPU acceleration. In FF‐BLS, a convolution module with fixed weights is used to extract the fusion features of images. Feature nodes and enhancement nodes randomly generated by fusion features are used to estimate the output of the network. Meanwhile, the proposed FF‐BLS is a dynamical system, which achieves incremental learning by adding nodes. Thus, the trained FF‐BLS model can be updated efficiently with additional data, and this substantially reduces the training cost. Finally, FF‐BLS was applied to crack detection. Compared with some well‐known deep convolutional neural networks (VGG16, ResNet50, InceptionV3, Xception, and EfficientNet), the FF‐BLS achieved a similar level of recognition accuracy, but the training speed was increased by more than 20 times.
Determinants associated with doctors’ prescribing behaviors in public hospitals in China
Authors: Pan Lihua , Zhao Ran , Zhao Nan , Wei Liangmin , Wu Yanling , Fan Hong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDoctors’ prescribing behaviors impact both medical expenses and health resources. This study aims to identify the significant determinants of prescribing behaviors of doctors, which could potentially provide theoretical evidence on how to improve prescribing decisions. A multistage, stratified, cluster, random sampling method was employed in this survey. Data were collected from Jiangsu and Shanxi provinces in China in 2018. A total of 444 doctors in public hospitals completed the self‐administered questionnaires. A structural equation model based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) was adopted for analysis. On the basis of the TPB, we constructed a model of doctors’ prescribing behaviors, which explained the subjective and objective reasons for irrational prescribing behavior. Behavioral attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control could positively influence the actual behaviors, of which subjective norms impact prescribing behaviors the most. Employing the TPB helped in identifying determinants of prescribing behaviors from a new perspective. More significant policy changes and government support are required to help improve appropriate prescribing behaviors and ultimately make better prescribing decisions. This study provided a deeper understanding of this complex issue and will inform the development of a theory and evidence‐based intervention for future research.
Impact of missing outcome data in meta‐analyses of lifestyle interventions during pregnancy to reduce postpartum weight retention: An overview of systematic reviews with meta‐analyses and additional sensitivity analyses
Authors: Harris Rebecca G. , Batterham Marijka , Neale Elizabeth P. , Ferreira Isabel 
Published: September 2021

SummaryHigh risk of bias associated with missing outcome data (MOD) in meta‐analyses (MAs) of the effects of lifestyle interventions during pregnancy on postpartum weight retention (PPWR) casts doubt on whether such interventions can be relied upon as truly effective. This systematic overview of three MAs (19 RCTs), each with high MOD rates in the subset of RCTs included, examined how MOD were addressed in the estimation of summary intervention effects. All MAs reported beneficial and statistically significant intervention effects estimated based on complete case analyses, deemed valid if MOD was missing at random (MAR). Therefore, we conducted sensitivity analyses using pattern mixture models and informative missingness parameters (describing how the outcome in the missing participants may be related to the outcome in the completers), to ascertain the robustness of the estimates to reasonable deviations from the MAR assumption. In plausible scenarios where the response in intervention group participants with versus without MOD was worse (by just 0.5 kg), effect estimates were attenuated in all MAs and no longer statistically significant in two MAs. Statistical significance was retained when all 19 RCTs identified across MAs were examined together in a broader meta‐analysis: −0.63 kg (95%CI −0.17, −0.08), but the clinical relevancy of effects of this magnitude remains unclear.
Methyltransferase‐like 3‐induced N6‐methyladenosine upregulation promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma by through p38
Authors: Xu Ting , Zhang Wenbo , Chai Li , Liu Chao , Zhang Shizhou , Xu Tong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a main type of squamous cell cancer, is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Recent reports suggested methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3)‐mediated N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification to be an essential regulator in the fate determination of stem cells. However, the functional significance of METTL3 in OSCC remains largely unknown.MethodsMETTL3 expression was examined in OSCC patient samples, followed by correlation analysis against clinical tumor features. Functional assays, such as assessment of surface marker expression, colony forming, BrdU incorporation, tumor xenograft assay, and m6A dot blot, were conducted to study the impact of METTL3 knockdown (KD) in OSCC cells.ResultsHigh METTL3 expression was positively correlated with more severe clinical features of OSCC tumors. METTL3 KD caused impairment of stem‐like capacities in OSCC cells, such as tumorigenicity in vivo and colony‐forming ability in vitro. Furthermore, METTL3‐KD and cycloleucine, a methylation inhibitor, decreased m6A levels and down‐regulated p38 expression in OSCC cells. On the contrary, the impaired cell proliferation capacity of OSCC cells after METTL3‐KD was restored by exogenous expression of p38.ConclusionOur findings identified m6A methyltransferase METTL3 as a key element in the regulation of tumorigenesis in OSCC.
Seeing the forest for the trees: Use of phages to treat bacterial tree diseases
Authors: Grace Emily R. , Rabiey Mojgan , Friman Ville‐Petri , Jackson Robert W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTrees and woody plants can be attacked by many pests and pathogens either individually or as polymicrobial infections. In particular, infections caused by tree‐specific bacterial pathogens have become more common during the last decade, causing serious concern for important tree and woody plant species in horticulture, urban environments, and forests. For example, Xylella and Pseudomonas bacteria are causing significant economic and ecological devastation throughout Europe in olive, cherry, and other stone fruits, mainly because of lack of efficient control methods and the emergence of bacterial resistance to traditional antimicrobial compounds such as copper and antibiotics. Hence, there is an urgent need for innovative approaches to tackle bacterial plant diseases. One way to achieve this could be through the application of biological control, which offers a more environmentally friendly and targeted approach for pathogen management. This review will explore recent advances in use of pathogen‐specific viruses, bacteriophages (or phages), for the biocontrol of bacterial tree diseases. Phages are an important component of plant microbiomes and are increasingly studied in plant pathogen control due to their highly specific host ranges and ability to selectively kill only the target pathogenic bacteria. However, their use still poses several challenges and limitations, especially in terms of managing the bacterial diseases of long‐lived trees. A particular insight will be given into phage research focusing on controlling Pseudomonas syringae pathovars, Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas species, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Recent milestones, current challenges, and future avenues for phage therapy in the management of tree diseases are discussed.