bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Consistency of Prior Movements Shapes Locomotor Use-Dependent Learning
Authors: Wood Jonathan M. , Morton Susanne M. , Kim Hyosub E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRepetition is an indispensable component of motor skill acquisition. However, it is unknown how consistent repeated movement patterns must be to engage an implicit “use-dependent” learning mechanism. In this Registered Report, we tackled this question through a combination of computational modeling, simulations, and behavioral experiments involving visually-guided treadmill walking. Our hypotheses were formalized by two distinct computational models: in the two-process Strategy plus Use-Dependent model, use-dependent learning is viewed as a slowly updating and slowly decaying bias in the direction of repeated movements. The Adaptive Bayesian model frames use-dependent learning as an emergent property of quickly adapting prior probabilities of target step lengths. Critically, the Adaptive Bayesian model is much more sensitive to variable practice than the Strategy plus Use-Dependent model. To test these hypotheses, human participants (N = 18, 10 females) learned a novel asymmetric stepping pattern under three conditions with differing amounts of practice consistency during a learning block. We probed use-dependent movement biases immediately postlearning by asking participants to “walk normally” during a washout block with no visual feedback (VF). We found that the total magnitude of use-dependent learning depended on practice consistency during learning, consistent with the Adaptive Bayesian model. However, this dependence faded quickly as biases became similar in magnitude over subsequent strides across all conditions, an observation more consistent with the Strategy plus Use-Dependent model. Simplepost hocadjustments to the Strategy plus Use-Dependent model made clear that these seemingly opposing effects of practice consistency can result from a unitary use-dependent learning process shaped by recent movement history.
The indigenous populations as the model by nature to understand human genomic‐phenomics interactions
Authors: Hoh Boon‐Peng , Rahman Thuhairah Abdul 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe advancement of genomics has progressed in lightning speed over the past two decades. Numerous large‐scale genome sequencing initiatives were announced, along with the rise of the holistic precision medicine approach. However, the field of genomic medicine has now come to a bottleneck since genomic‐phenomic interactions are not fully comprehended due to the complexity of the human systems biology and environmental influence, hence the emergence of human phenomics.ResultsThis review attempts to provide an overview of the potential advantages of investigating the human phenomics of indigenous populations and the challenges ahead.ConclusionWe believe that the indigenous populations serve as an ideal model to excavate our understanding of genomic‐environmental‐phenomics interactions.
A typology for catalyzing pedagogical change: Fostering multiple pathways through SoTL
Authors: Little Deandra , Moore Jessie L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBuilding on ecosystem models that examine individuals’ development within professional environments (Roxå, 2014; Hannah & Lester, 2009), we explore how campus centers for educational development and research can provide a range of experiences for faculty to learn about scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL), conduct individual or collaborative – and sometimes multi-institutional – SoTL, and go public with their work. Using extended case studies of colleagues who have become increasingly more active in SoTL, we created a typology of the experiences that supported their development. The case studies illustrate that offering a variety of educational development options at different institutional levels and with different time commitments enables developers to meet faculty where they are – and to provide growth opportunities for deepening SoTL commitments. Our typology can help educational developers prioritize among potential programs by considering the cost-benefit analysis not only for individual faculty but also for micro-, meso-, and macro-level institutional cultures.
Using a geochemical model for predicting chloride ingress into saturated concrete
Authors: Tran Van Quan 
Published: July 2021

Chloride ingress into concrete was simulated based on a geochemical model that includes Fick's second law for transport phenomena and thermodynamic equilibrium, kinetics treatment and surface complexation for chemical phenomena. The geochemical model was validated by comparing the numerical results and experimental data (extracted from the literature) for CEM II concrete exposed to sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride and calcium chloride solutions. The geochemical model was then applied to investigate the influences of different chloride solutions. The results showed that exposure to magnesium chloride solution led to the greatest amount of Ca2+ leaching. Relationships between the total chloride content (TCC) and the free chloride content (FCC) of concrete were established. Increasing the exposure time of the concrete was found to lead to a decrease in chloride binding capacity. The proposed correlations allow determination of the FCC or the TCC of concrete when one of the two is known. The geochemical model was also verified by predicting the chloride content of a CEM III concrete bridge submerged in seawater after 17 and 34 years. With numerous applications, the geochemical model seems a reliable tool for the durability design of concrete structures exposed to chloride environments.
Sisplatin ve insan mezenkimal kök hücrelerden izole edilen mitokondri naklinin DU-145 hücre proliferasyonuna etkisi
Authors: ÇİÇEK Zehra , TEKİN Volkan 
Published: July 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada antineoplastik bir ilaç olan sisplatin ve insan mezenkimal kök hücrelerinden (İMKH) izole edilen mitokondriler, insan prostat kanser hücrelerine (DU-145) uygulanarak, proliferasyon ve sitotoksisitenin değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda, İMKH ve DU-145 hücre hatları kullanıldı. İMKH’ ler ~20x106 hücre olacak şekilde çoğaltılarak kitte belirtilen protokollere göre mitokondriler izole edildi. İzole mitokondrilerin protein miktarı, bikinkoninik asit yöntemiyle (BCA) ölçüldü. DU-145 hücreleri, her kuyuda 10x103 hücre olacak şekilde 96’ lık plate’e ekildi. Sisplatin’ in 6 µM ve 14 µM dozları 24 saat uygulandı. İnkübasyon sonunda hücre medyumları değiştirildi ve izole mitokondriler (10x, 100x) eklenerek tekrar 24 saat inkübe edildi. Hücre çoğalması ve canlılığı tetrazolyum tuzu (MTT) yöntemiyle, 570nm-630nm absorbans değerleri plate okuyucu da ölçülerek farkları alındı ve hücre çoğalma yüzdeleri hesaplandı.
Bulgular: DU-145 hücrelerine 6 µM sisplatin uygulaması kontrol grubuna göre proliferasyonu %35 oranında azaltırken, 14 µM sisplatin ise hücre proliferasyonunu %68 azalttı. Cis-6 µM grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında, Cis-6 µM+Mito-10x grubunda proliferasyonda anlamlı fark görülmezken, Cis-6 µM+Mito-100x grubunda anlamlı azalma görüldü.
Sonuç: Prostat kanseri hücrelerine sisplatin ile birlikte mitokondri transplantasyonu yapıldığında proliferasyonu daha da azalmaktadır. Ayrıca, mitokondri transplantasyonunun intrasellüler çeşitli proliferatif, apopitotik sinyal yolaklarını etkileyerek ve mikroçevreyi düzenleyerek kanserli hücrelerin çoğalmasını azaltabilir.
Epidemiologic analysis of pediatric maxillofacial trauma
Authors: TABAKAN İbrahim , KOKAÇYA Ömer , ESER Cengiz , GENCEL Eyüp 
Published: July 2021

BPurpose: This study aimed to analyze epidemiology and the treatment approaches for pediatric maxillofacial trauma patients who presented to the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery during 5 years period.
Materials and Methods: Age and gender distributions of the patients were determined. Duration of hospitalization, etiology of trauma, location of the fracture, and treatment methods applied was determined, and the results of these treatments and complications that developed were evaluated.
Results: The fractures were the most common at the age of 17 years (18.3%). The most common cause of trauma in patients operated for maxillofacial trauma was fall (48.3%). Most operations were performed in the age range of 12–17 years (50.6%), and panfacial fractures were the most frequently operated fracture localization (27.58%).
Conclusion: The simplest and most effective treatment should be applied for pediatric maxillofacial trauma. While conservative treatments may be sufficient in minimally displaced fractures, open reduction and internal fixation methods are applied in fractures with greater displacement. Fixation materials must necessarily be removed since they prevent bone growth. The use of bioabsorbable plates has been limited in recent years due to their high costs.
A study of virulence factors of E. coli strains isolated from cases of urinary tract infection
Authors: Dimri Sanjeev , Varshney Krati 
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to demonstrate virulence factors namely adhesins, hemolysin and cell surface hydrophobicity of E. coli strains isolated from cases of urinary tract infection.A total of 210 E. coli strains were isolated from 602 culture positive cases of urinary tract infections. UPEC strains were screened for virulence factors namely hemolysin, hemagglutination and cell surface hydrophobicity by recommended methods. Out of 210 E. coli strains tested, 70 (33.34%) were hemolytic, 94 (44.76%) showed hemagglutination and 46 (21.90%) were cell surface hydrophobicity positive. Our study shows that a large number of uropathogenic E. coli strains had one or more virulence factors. The methods of detection of above-mentioned virulence factors are reasonably easy and screening them in a clinical microbiology laboratory is a worthwhile exercise.
Pozytywny akt woli (kan. 1101 § 2 KPK) w świetle doktryny i orzecznictwa rotalnego
Authors: Góralski Wojciech 
Published: July 2021

Jednym z tytułów nieważności małżeństwa jest symulacja zgody małżeńskiej (simulatio consensus matrimonialis), usankcjonowana w kan. 1101 § 2 obowiązującego KPK. W takim przypadku ma miejsce wyraźny rozdźwięk pomiędzy słowami (lub równoznacznymi znakami) a zgodą małżeńską rozumianą jako akt woli (kan. 1057 § 2 KPK), a więc akt wewnętrzny. Wypowiadane słowa czy odpowiednie znaki nie znajdują wówczas pokrycia w woli kontrahenta, tymczasem to właśnie wola przesądza o powstaniu węzła małżeńskiego, stosownie do kan. 1057 § 1 KPK.
W strukturze symulacji zgody małżeńskiej, zarówno całkowitej (wykluczenie samego małżeństwa), jak i częściowej (wykluczenie jakiegoś istotnego elementu małżeństwa lub istotnego przymiotu) istotnym komponentem jest pozytywny akt woli, mocą którego nupturient dokonuje owego wykluczenia. Odnosząc się do symulacji zgody małżeńskiej, Jan Paweł II w przemówieniu do Roty Rzymskiej z 29 stycznia 1993 r. powiedział, iż „byłoby poważną raną zadaną trwałości małżeństwa, a więc jego świętości, gdyby fakt symulacyjny nie był zawsze skonkretyzowany przez domniemanego symulanta w pozytywnym akcie woli”.
Po przedstawieniu rysu historycznego kształtowania się normy prawnej (kan. 1101 § 2 KPK) autor, uwzględniając osiągnięcia tak doktryny, jak i orzecznictwa Roty Rzymskiej, określa bliżej pojęcie pozytywnego aktu woli, następnie wskazuje sposoby i formy powzięcia go, wreszcie omawia jego dowodzenie.
Principles оf Regulatory Activity of Bodies State Authority
Authors: Pogorelova Zoya 
Published: July 2021

The article, based on clarifying the content of related concepts of law-making, considers the principles of the rule-making activity as the power activity of public authorities. Such principles include the principles of humanism, democracy, the rule of law, human rights, and scientific validity of rule-making decisions, which necessitates the professionalism of rule-making activities, planning, systematics, complexity, timely revision and updating of legislation, and transparency. The content of these principles is revealed, their ranking is carried out, their importance for legal science and practice is emphasized, and the positions of scientists concerning their optimal list and characteristics are analyzed. In particular, attention is drawn to the fact that the principle of humanism is reflected in the fundamental values that underlie the constitutional order, the basis of the current law and human rights enshrined in the Constitution and laws of Ukraine: human dignity, the right to self-realization, justice and freedom, non-discrimination and equality before thelaw, tolerance, responsibility and respect for others. The principle of democracy, as a fundamental principle of rule-making, legitimizes the subjects of rule-making and creates a basis for their legal activities. The rule of law is also a fundamental principle of rule-making (including its components such as the principle of direct effect of the Constitution of Ukraine, the rule of the Constitution as the Basic Law, the principle of legality, legal certainty, the equality before the law and non-discrimination, and proportionality). It is emphasized that the principle of scientific validity of rule-making decisions necessitates professionalism of rule-making activities, and ensuring a high professional level of rule-makers makes it possible to carry out rule-making activities at a high scientific level, on a planned, systematic, comprehensive basis, the legal regulation of public relations, and the implementation of state functions. Aspects of the principle of publicity of normative activity of the Parliament, the Government, and the President of Ukraine are also analyzed.
Sporogenesis in F1 hybrids from the crosses between common wheat and lines with introgressions from Amblyopyrum muticum
Authors: Plyhun Viktoriia , Antonyuk Maksym , Iefimenko Tetiana , Ternovska Tamara 
Published: July 2021

Hybridization of wheat lines comprising fragments of alien genetic material (introgression) with common wheat cultivars is effective and widespread means of transferring alien genes into genomes of modern wheat cultivars, and remains the main method of expending genetic pool of common wheat using genes of wild relatives. Success of such transfer depends on the processes of sporo- and gametogenesis in F1 hybrids, therefore cytological assessment of this processes is obligatory. Stages of meiosis and microgametogenesis were studied on cytological preparations of spikes of F1 hybrids from reciprocal crosses of common wheat cultivars and wheat lines of introgression origin with alien genetic material from wheat wild relative Amblyopyrum muticum. Sporogenesis in F1 hybrids occurs with disorders in both male and female sexual areas. Instead of 21 closed bivalents chromosome configurations in maximal association of chromosomes in M1 PMC could contain up to 8 open bivalents, up to 12 univalents, including three- and quadrivalents. In A1 lagging chromatids were observed, and up to 5 micronuclei per cell were registered in tetrads. Quantitative characteristics of chromosome associations in M1 PMC did not differ for hybrids obtained using introgression lines as female (direct crossing) and male (reverse crossing) cross components. The difference between reciprocal crosses was detected only for the quantity of cells in tetrads with different quantity of micronuclei. F1 hybrids from direct crosses had smaller portion of cells without micronuclei, and more cells with 1-3 micronuclei compared to hybrids of reverse crosses.
УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ТОКОМ Z-ИНВЕРТОРА С ЧЕТВЕРТОЙ СТОЙКОЙ ДЛЯ АВТОНОМНОЙ ФОТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ НА ОСНОВЕ ПРОГНОЗИРУЮЩЕГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Буссабер Мохамед Т. , Рабхи Буалага , Абуэлсауд Раиф , Ибрагим Ахмед , Туми Джаафар , Зеллума Лейд , Гарганеев Александр Георгиевич 
Published: July 2021

Возобновляемые источники для производства электроэнергии вызывают больший интерес у учёных и исследователей по сравнению с традиционными источниками, работающими на основе использования углеводородного топлива. Одним из типов возобновляемых источников энергии, отвечающих реализации концепции «зеленая энергетика», являются фотоэлектрические системы, способные эффективно использоваться в качестве автономной системы электроснабжения для потребителей, географически расположенных в отдаленных, труднодоступных районах. Производительность автономной системы электроснабжения во многом определяется системой преобразования и ее алгоритмами управления. В статье рассмотрена новая и альтернативная система управления автономных фотоэлектрических станций, основанная на стратегии прогнозирующего управления напряжением и током нагрузки Z-инвертора с четвертой стойкой. Цель: разработка алгоритма, основанного на стратегии прогнозирующего управления, для регулирования токов нагрузки автономной фотоэлектрической системы электроснабжения. Методы: математическое и компьютерное моделирование с использованием программной среды MatLab/Simulink. Результаты. Благодаря использованию Z-инвертора система преобразования энергии для фотоэлектрических систем генерации сокращается до одноступенчатой структуры. Результаты показывают, что предложенный алгоритм управления может эффективно регулировать ток нагрузки при сбалансированных и несбалансированных нагрузках с высокой эффективностью управления. Предлагаемый алгоритм управления имеет отличные характеристики в установившихся и переходных режимах.
Segmentation and Classification of Breast Cancer Tumour
Authors: Cinarer Gokalp , Emiroglu Bulent Gursel , Yurttakal Ahmet Hasim 
Published: July 2021

Breast cancer is cancer that forms in the cells of the breasts. Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women in the world. Breast cancer can occur in both men and women, but it's far more common in women. Early detection of breast cancer tumours is crucial in the treatment. In this study, we presented a computer aided diagnosis expectation maximization segmentation and co-occurrence texture features from wavelet approximation tumour image of each slice and evaluated the performance of SVM Algorithm. We tested the model on 50 patients, among them, 25 are benign and 25 malign. The 80% of the images are allocated for training and 20% of images reserved for testing. The proposed model classified 2 patients correctly with success rate of 80% in case of 5 Fold Cross-Validation
Keywords: Breast Cancer, Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI);
Assessment of Male Infertility
Authors: Aksoy Ahu , Yilmaz Duygu VefikuluÃ§ay 
Published: July 2021

As a result of modern life, postponement of gestational age, obesity, electromagnetic waves, hormone and genetically modified foods, stress, smoking and alcohol use and sexually transmitted diseases directly cause negative effects on human health. The reproductive system, which is sensitive to environmental changes, is the most affected. In recent years, the usage of assisted reproductive techniques led to an increase in the number of men as well women who consults health institutions for assistance in conception. Because factors pertaining to males comprise half of all fertility problems. In this context, all these factors should be considered when assessing infertile men. Nowadays, many new methods such as endocrine tests, sperm analysis, radiological evaluation, testis biopsy, immunological tests and sperm function tests have been developed to diagnose and assess male infertility. Thanks to these methods, fertility success rates have increased. Therefore, when assessing infertile males, nurses should determine the condition causing fertility, provide accurate information about the prognosis, provide counseling during the research, provide support and training, and offer treatment options according to the evaluation results.
Keywords: Infertility assessment, male infertility, fertility, nursing.
Evidence Based Care for Couples with Fertility Problems
Authors: Degirmenci Filiz , YÄ±lmaz Duygu VefikuluÃ§ay , Uzel Asiye 
Published: July 2021

Fertility refers to the occurance and continuation of pregnancy in a period less than one year and the birth of a living baby. Couples may experience fertility problems in the period they want to have children. In this negative experience, nurses, who are the most co-existing health professionals with couples, have a significant role. Evidence-based practice is to show how to give the best care to the patient with the results of researches which conducted carefully and honestly, and yielded clear and accurate decisions. In this respect, nurses should work on the basis of evidence for meeting the education and counseling needs of couples with fertility problems. In this review article, evidence-based education, counseling and evaluation requirements of couples with fertility problems were reviewed in accordance with current guidelines. In addition, comments were made on how to inform nurses about evidence-based care in couples with fertility problems and how they should play a role in the care process.
Keywords: Fertility problems; evidence based care; nursing.
Tail docking and castrating lambs: does the administration of local anaesthetic or meloxicam reduce the pain response exhibited?
Authors: Evangeline Dunthorne  
Published: July 2021

PICO question
In healthy lambs, does the administration of local anaesthetic reduce the pain response after castration and tail docking compared to the administration of meloxicam?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research question
Treatment
The number and type of study designs reviewed
Three prospective randomised clinical trials (RCT) and one clinical trial without stated randomisation were critically reviewed
Strength of evidence
Moderate to strong evidence in terms of their experimental design due to having three RTCs which are all relatively recent research. However, their implementation is moderate to weak as they fail to prove the hypothesis
Outcomes reported
In all four studies there was improvement in the pain related behaviours post administration of anaesthesia or analgesia. There is conflicting evidence on meloxicam’s efficacy, but this could be a result of time spent observing outcomes, which relates to the drugs onset of action and time of peak concentration. Lidocaine has consistently shown a reduction in acute abnormal behaviours irrespective of equipment used
Conclusion
Based on the studies appraised in this Knowledge Summary there is not enough evidence to determine whether local anaesthesia is more effective than meloxicam at reducing the pain exhibited by lambs undergoing castration or tail docking. It has been shown that the use of local anaesthesia in the form of injectable lidocaine will reduce acute pain displayed during marking but there remains conflicting evidence for meloxicam with likely benefits occurring after several hours

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.