bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic-scale one-dimensional materials identified from graph theory
Authors: Li Shunning , Chen Zhefeng , Wang Zhi , Weng Mouyi , Li Jianyuan , Zhang Mingzheng , Lu Jing , Xu Kang , Pan Feng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The past decades have witnessed an exponential growth in the discovery of functional materials, benefited from our unprecedented capabilities in characterizing their structure, chemistry, and morphology with the aid of advanced imaging, spectroscopic and computational techniques. Among these materials, atomic-scale low-dimensional compounds, as represented by the two-dimensional (2D) atomic layers, one-dimensional (1D) atomic chains and zero-dimensional (0D) atomic clusters, have long captivated scientific interest due to their unique topological motifs and exceptional properties. Their tremendous potentials in various applications make it a pressing urgency to establish a complete database of their structural information, especially for the underexplored 1D species. Here we apply graph theory in combination with first-principles high-throughput calculations to identify atomic-scale 1D materials that can be conceptually isolated from their parent bulk crystals. In total, two hundred and fifty 1D atomic chains are shown to be potentially exfoliable. We demonstrate how the lone electron pairs on cations interact with the p-orbitals of anions and hence stabilize their edge sites. Data analysis of the 2D and 1D materials also reveals the dependence of electronic band gap on the cationic percolation network determined by graph theory. The library of 1D compounds systematically identified in this work will pave the way for the predictive discovery of material systems for quantum engineering, and can serve as a source of stimuli for future data-driven design and understanding of functional materials with reduced dimensionality.
Development and Validation of the Medical Professionals Resilience Scale&nbsp;
Authors: Rahman Mardhati Ab , Yusoff Muhamad Saiful Bahri , Roslan Nurhanis Syazni , Mohammad Jamilah Al-Muhammady , Ahmad Anisa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Most of the resilience scales were developed for the non-medical population, therefore the purpose of this study was developing and validating a resilience scale for medical professionals – namely Medical Professionals Resilience Scale (MeRS).Methods: A questionnaire development and validation study was conducted. The resilience domains and items were identified and generated through a literature review. The content validation was carried out by content experts and the content validity index (CVI) was calculated. The face validation was performed by medical officers and the face validity index (FVI) was calculated. The final MeRS was administered to 167 medical officers, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability analysis were performed to assess MeRS’s factorial structure and internal consistency. Results: Four domains with 89 items of medical professionals’ resilience were developed. Following that, the content and face validation was conducted, and a total of 41-items remained for construct validation. EFA extracted four factors, namely growth, control, involvement, and resourceful, with a total of 37 items. The items’ CVI and FVI values were more than 0.80. The final MeRS’s items had factor loading values ranged from 0.41 to 0.76, and the Cronbach’s alpha values of the resilience domains ranged from 0.72 to 0.89. Conclusion: MeRS is a promising scale for measuring medical professionals’ resilience as it showed good psychometric properties. This study provided validity evidence in terms of content, response process, and internal structure that supported the validity of MeRS in the measurement of resilience domains among medical professionals.
Combined Management can Decrease Blood Pressure: A Health-seeking Behaviors Investigation among Hypertensive Patients in Urban Communities in China
Authors: Wang Si , Liu Kai , Zhang Xin , Meng Qingtao , Li Xinran , Ye Runyu , Zhang Zhipeng , Chen Xiaoping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Hypertensive patients can freely choose the informal medical facilities such as pharmacies, community health service centers, and cardiology clinics in secondary or tertiary hospitals, as the routine places for medical treatment in China at present. It is not clear the proportion, influencing factors and the effects on blood pressure (BP) of different health-seeking behaviors among hypertensive patients in urban communities. The aim of the study is to investigate the health-seeking behaviors and the effect on BP of different health-seeking behaviors among hypertensive patients in urban communities in China.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of hypertension was conducted in urban communities in Chengdu. 437 hypertensive patients seeking medical help regularly were sequentially enrolled to fill out the questionnaire on health-seeking behaviors.Results: The average age was 67.1±7.5 years. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 144.2±17.9 mmHg and 75.4±10.4 mmHg, respectively, and the control rate of BP was 41.0%. Among the hypertensive patients investigated, 5.2% of which chose the informal medical facilities, 62.8% chose the community health service center, 21.5% chose the cardiology clinics in secondary or tertiary hospitals, and 10.5% chose both community health service center and cardiology clinics as the usual places for medical treatment. There were statistical differences in education levels, proportions of home BP monitoring, establishing chronic disease archives in community, medication compliance and side effects of drugs among the four groups. The SBP was 150.9 ±19.8, 145.1±18.0, 143.8±17.5 and 136.3±15.1 mmHg (P=0.007) in the four groups respectively and it was significantly lower in the combined management group than in the other three groups. The control rate of BP was 23.8%, 39.4%, 43.0% and 54.8% (P=0.100), respectively. Compared with patients choosing the informal medical facilities, patients in the combined management group had significant higher BP control rate (OR = 3.679, P = 0.035).Conclusions: Combined management with both community health service center and higher-level hospitals can decrease BP.
Development and Psychometric Properties of Surveys to Assess Patient and Family Caregiver Experience With Care Transitions
Authors: Sorra Joann , Zebrak Katarzyna , Carpenter Deborah , Famolaro Theresa , Rauch John , Li Jing , Davis Terry , Nguyen Huong Q. , McIntosh Megan , Mitchell Suzanne , Hirschman Karen B. , Levine Carol , Clouser Jessica Miller , Brock Jane , Williams Mark 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to develop and administer surveys that assess patient and caregiver experience with care transitions and examine the psychometric properties of the surveys. The surveys were designed to include the transitional care services or components of care, provided in the hospital and at home, that matter most to patients and their family caregivers, as well as their assessments of the overall quality of the transitional care they received.
Methods
Patients were recruited prior to discharge from 43 U.S. hospitals. The analysis dataset included responses from 9,282 patients, 1,245 Time 1 caregivers (who helped the patient in the hospital), and 1,749 Time 2 caregivers (who helped the patient at home). The psychometric properties of the survey items and composite measures were examined for each of the three surveys, including (1) item response variability and missing data, (2) exploratory factor analysis, (3) internal consistency and site-level reliability, and (4) correlations among the outcome composite measures and with other survey items. Items that performed poorly across multiple analyses were dropped from the final instruments.
Results
Overall, the final patient and caregiver surveys had acceptable psychometric properties, with a few exceptions. Exploratory factor analyses supported the composite measures, which had acceptable internal consistency reliability—Overall Quality of Transitional Care (patient and caregiver surveys), Patient Overall Health (patient survey) and Caregiver Effort/Stress (caregiver surveys). All surveys had acceptable site-level reliability except when the sample sizes needed to achieve 0.70 site-level reliability were higher than the actual sample sizes in the dataset. In all surveys, the Overall Quality of Transitional Care composite measure was significantly correlated with other composite measures and most of the survey items.
Conclusions
The final patient, T1 caregiver, and T2 caregiver surveys are psychometrically sounds and can be used by health systems, hospitals, and researchers to assess patient and caregiver experience with care transitions. Results from these surveys can be used as the basis for making improvements to transitional care delivery that are centered on what matters most to patients and their family caregivers.
Skyrmion Control of Majorana States in Planar Josephson Junctions
Authors: Mohanta Narayan , Okamoto Satoshi , Dagotto Elbio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Planar Josephson junctions provide a versatile platform, alternative to the nanowire-based geometry, for the generation of the Majorana bound states, due to the additional phase tunability of the topological superconductivity. The proximity induction of chiral magnetism and superconductivity in a two-dimensional electron gas showed remarkable promises to manipulate topological superconductivity. Here, we consider a Josephson junction involving a skyrmion crystal and show that the chiral magnetism of the skyrmions can create and control the Majorana bound states without the requirement of an intrinsic Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Interestingly, the Majorana bound states in our geometry are realized robustly at zero phase difference at the junction. The skyrmion radius, being externally tunable by a magnetic field or a magnetic anisotropy, brings a unique control feature for the Majorana bound states.
Risk Factors Associated With Failure of Initial Treatment for Cesarean Scar Pregnancy
Authors: Cao Lili , Yan Jinyu , Tang Yibo , Cao Nanyu , Huang Lili 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to provide reference for CSP treatment. It’s a cohort study. Ultrasound-guided evacuation, hysteroscopy-guided evacuation and uterine artery embolization were used during the initial treatment. The treatment methods failed in 77 of the CSP patients (study group). 1560 of the CSP patients were treated successfully (control group). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that in model 1, distance between gestational sac and serosal layer (OR: 0.04, 95%CI: 0.00–0.82, p= 0.037) and fetal heartbeat (OR: 8.91, 95%CI: 3.81–20.81, p= 0.000) are risk factors for CSP initial treatment failure. Model 2 showed that gestational age (OR: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.92–1.00, p= 0.043) and fetal heartbeat (OR: 2.15, 95%CI: 1.02–4.52, p= 0.000) are the risk factors. Model 3 indicated that mean sac diameter (OR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.21–2.01, p= 0.001), fetal heartbeat (OR: 4.75, 95%CI: 2.23–10.14, p= 0.000) and pretreated with UAE (OR: 5.05, 95%CI: 2.36–10.83, p= 0.000) are risk factors. In model 4, fetal heartbeat (OR: 2.87, 95%CI: 1.28–6.42, p= 0.010) and pretreated with UAE (OR: 4.24, 95%CI: 1.98–9.07, p= 0.000) are the risk factors. In conclusion, for CSP patients with different treatment, if the relevant risk factors exist, it should be more cautious.
The Impact of A Gross Anatomy Course on Medical Students’ Emotional Reactions in Taiwan: The Role of High-Level Emotions
Authors: Chiou Ruei-Jen , Tsai Po-Fang , Han Der-Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

A gross anatomy is an important course for medical students; however, seeing a cadaver often makes them feel uncomfortable. According to the broaden-and-build theory, the present study tried to reduce students’ negative emotions by sequential activities, such as interviews and ceremony, which induced gratitude and other positive emotions.
Methods

One hundred and five medical students in their third year filled Emotional Reactions Towards Cadavers Scale for three times in one semester, and paired-sample t-tests and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the changes of emotional reaction.
Results

Three-wave data showed that participants’ high-level emotions increased, negative emotions decreased, and the former simultaneously predicted the latter.
Conclusions

Combining dissection course with medical humanities helped students to successfully handle negative emotions during gross anatomy course.
Research on the Correlation Between Activating Transcription Factor 3 Expression in the Human Coronary Artery and Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability
Authors: Peng J. , Le C. Y. , Xia B. , Wang J. W. , Liu J. J. , Li Z. , Zhang Q. J. , Zhang Q. , Wang J. , Wan C.W. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is an early response gene that is activated in response to atherosclerotic stimulation and may be an important factor in inhibiting the progression of atherosclerosis. In this study, we directly measured the expression of ATF3 and inflammatory factors in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques to examine the relationship between ATF3 expression, inflammation and structural stability in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Methods: A total of 68 coronary artery specimens were collected from the autopsy group, including 36 cases of sudden death from coronary heart disease (SCD group) and 32 cases of acute death caused by mechanical injury with coronary atherosclerosis (CHD group). Twenty-two patients who had no coronary heart disease were collected as the control group (CON group). Haematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe changes in arterial structure. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the expression and distribution of ATF3, Full list of author information is available at the end of the article-2-inflammatory factors and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) in the coronary artery. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyse the correlation between ATF3 protein expression and inflammatory factors and between ATF3 protein expression and structure-related indexes in the lesion group. Results: Compared with those in the control group, the intima and necrotic core in the coronary artery were thickened, the fibrous cap became thin and the degree of vascular stenosis was increased in the lesion group, while the intima and necrotic core became thicker and the fibrous cap became thinner in the SCD group than in the CHD group (P < 0.05). There was no or low expression of ATF3, inflammatory factors, VCAM1 and MMP-9 in the control group, and the expression of inflammatory factors, VCAM1 and MMP-9 in the SCD group was higher than that in CHD group, while the expression of ATF3 in the SCD group was significantly lower than that in CHD group (P < 0.05). In the lesion group, the expression of ATF3 was negatively correlated with intimal and necrotic focus thickness, positively correlated with fibrous cap thickness (P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with inflammatory factors, VCAM1 and MMP-9 (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The expression of ATF3 may be related to the progression and stability of atherosclerotic plaques, and may affect the structural stability of atherosclerotic plaques by regulating the inflammatory response, thus participating in the regulation of atherosclerotic progression.
Increased TG/HDL Ratio Is A Risk Factor for Insulin Resistance:: A Cross-Sectional Study From the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017–2018
Authors: Gong Rongpeng , Li Zheng , Liu Ya , Luo Gang , Yang Lixin , Wei Xiaoxing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Some previous studies have suggested that elevated TG/HDL ratio is a risk factor for the development of insulin resistance.There is also evidence that TG/HDL ratios are ethnically diverse.Currently, there is still insufficient evidence on whether TG/HDL is a risk factor for the occurrence of insulin resistance in the US population. Therefore, we attempted to find out whether TG/HDL represents a risk factor for the occurrence of insulin resistance in the US population by studying the NHANES database (2017-2108).Methods: After adjusting the potential influencing factors, we used the method of multiple logistic regression to analyze the risk between TG/HDL and insulin resistance, and determined whether there was a linear relationship between TG/HDL and insulin resistance by smoothing curve fitting.At the same time, in order to verify the reliability of the results, we conducted a subgroup analysis.Results: We found that in the American population, increased TG/HDL ratio was a risk factor for insulin resistance (OR=2.47 (2.01,3.04)).At the same time, we found a saturation effect between TG/HDL ratio and insulin resistance.When the ratio was <0.84, the relationship between TG/HDL and the occurrence of insulin resistance was very significant (OR=21.24 (9.29,48.56)), and when the ratio was ≥0.84, the effect value was relatively reduced (OR=1.45(1.10,1.92)).Conclusions:In this study, we found that TG/HDL is negatively correlated with insulin resistance in the American population (except Hispanic Americans), and this effect is especially significant in people with higher education.
Study of Deactivation in Mesocellular Foam Carbon&nbsp;(MCF-C) Catalyst Used in Gas-Phase Dehydrogenation of Ethanol
Authors: Klinthongchai Yoottapong , Prichanont Seeroong , Praserthdam Piyasan , Jongsomjit Bunjerd 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Mesocellular foam carbon (MCF-C) is one the captivating materials for using in gas phase dehydrogenation of ethanol. Extraordinary, enlarge pore size, high surface area, high acidity, and spherical shape with interconnected pore for high diffusion. In contrary, the occurrence of the coke is a majority causes for inhibiting the active sites on catalyst surface. Thus, this study aims to investigate the occurrence of the coke to optimize the higher catalytic activity, and also to avoid the coke formation. The MCF-C was synthesized and investigated using various techniques. MCF-C was spent in gas-phase dehydrogenation of ethanol under mild conditions. The deactivation of catalyst was investigated toward different conditions. Effects of reaction condition including different reaction temperatures of 300, 350, and 400 °C on the deactivation behaviors were determined. The results indicated that the operating temperature at 400 ºC significantly retained the lowest change of ethanol conversion, which favored in the higher temperature. After running reaction, the physical properties as pore size, surface area, and pore volume of spent catalysts were decreased owing to the coke formation, which possibly blocked the pore that directly affected to the difficult diffusion of reactant and caused to be lower in catalytic activity. Furthermore, a slight decrease in either acidity or basicity was observed owing to consumption of reactant at surface of catalyst or chemical change on surface caused by coke formation. Therefore, it can remarkably choose the suitable operating temperature to avoid deactivation of catalyst, and then optimize the ethanol conversion or yield of acetaldehyde.
Removal of Metal Ions from Water Using Oxygen Plasmas
Authors: Khanom Sayma , Hayashi Nobuya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Zinc ion dissolved in water is attempted to be removed by generating the oxides of zinc using the oxygen gas in DBD plasma system. The removal rate of zinc oxides’ production (ZnO and Zn(OH2)) were measured at different treatment periods by the oxygen plasma penetration in water. The removal rate of the deposit increases initially and then decreases with the treatment period. The maximum removal rate (29%) of zinc from water is achieved at the treatment period of 10 min, where pH is minimum. From FTIR the generation properties of zinc oxide can be recognized. Initially the amount the deposit increases with the ozone treatment period due to production of both ZnO and Zn(OH)2. After that, the production of Zn(OH)42- increases even when the total removal rate of the deposit decreases. Therefore, to remove zinc ion from water forming metal oxide deposit, the penetration amount of the active oxygens to the water must be controlled to keep the pH lower than around 7.5. Because with increasing pH amount of removal rate of ZnO deposit decreases. The pH of the zinc dissolved water treated by ozone depends on both zinc and ozone concentration in water.
Molecular Characterization of Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Bedaquiline, Linezolid, Clofazimine, and Delamanid against Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Southwest of China
Authors: Zheng Huiwen , He Wencong , Jiao Weiwei , Xia Hui , Sun Lin , Wang Shengfen , Xiao Jing , Ou Xichao , Zhao Yanlin , Shen Adong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To explore the drug susceptibility of levofloxacin (LFX), moxifloxacin (MFX), bedaquiline (BDQ), linezolid (LZD), clofazimine (CFZ) and delamanid (DLM) against multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) isolates from drug resistance survey of southwest China, and to illustrate the genetic characteristics of MDR-TB isolates with acquired drug resistance. Methods: A total of 339 strains were collected from smear-positive TB patients in the drug resistance survey of southwest China between January 2014 and December 2016. The MICs were determined for MDR-TB identified by conventional drug susceptibility testing. Genes related to drug resistance were amplified with their corresponding pairs of primers. Results: MDR was observed in 88 (26.0%; 88/339) isolates. LFX had the highest resistance rate (50.0%; 44/88), followed by MFX (38.6%; 34/88). The resistance rate to LZD, CFZ, and DLM was 4.5% (4/88), 3.4% (3/88), and 4.5% (4/88), respectively, and the lowest resistance rate was observed in BDQ (2.3%; 2/88). Of the 45 isolates resistant to LFX and MFX, the most prevalent resistance mutation was found in gyrA with the substitution of codon 94 (34/45, 75.6%). All two CFZ - BDQ cross resistant strains had a mutation in the Rv0678 gene. Two of four LZD resistant isolates carried mutations in rplC gene. Of the four isolates resistant to DLM, one isolate with the mutations in codon 318 of fbiC gene and two isolates in codon 81 of ddn gene. Conclusion: This study provided evidence for further application of new anti-TB drugs in the treatment of MDR-TB in China.