bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination therapy for patients with advanced forms of distal rectal cancer during neoadjuvant thermoradiotherapy
Authors: Barsukov Yu. A. , Tkachev S. I. , Mamedli Z. Z. , Perevoshchikov A. G. , Vlasov O. A. , Kulushev V. M. , Aliev V. A. , Goncharov S. V. 
Published: January 2021

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of combination therapy in patients with stage сT3N0M0 and сT2–3N1–2M0 distal rectal cancer during a short course of neoadjuvant thermoradiotherapy compared to radiotherapy or surgical treatment alone.Materials and methods. A total of 166 patients received 3 sessions of local microwave hyperthermia (LMH) at a temperature of 43–45 °C for 60 minutes during a short course of radiotherapy (LMH + CT); 138 patients received combination treatment (CT) using preoperative radiotherapy alone; 197 patients received surgical treatment (ST) only.Results. In patients receiving LMH + CT, overall incidence of complications was 38.6 % and did not significantly differ from that in patients receiving ST (p = 0.8464) and CT (p = 0.5383). We observed no significant differences in the severity of postoperative complications (according to the Clavien–Dindo classification) between the three groups of study participants treated using different regimens. The incidence of relapses was 6 % in the LMH + CT group vs 17.3 % in the ST group (p <0.0011) and 10.9 % in the CT group (p = 0.1258). Relapse-free survival rates were significantly higher in patients receiving LMH + CT than in patients who had ST alone: 59.4 % vs 51 % (p = 0.04). Difference in relapse-free survival between the CT and ST groups was not significant (56.5 % vs 51 %, respectively, p = 0.07). The frequency of therapeutic pathomorphosis was significantly higher (p <0.00001) in the LMH + CT group than in the CT group (14.9 % and 1.5 %, respectively).Conclusions. LMH has a universal radiosensitizing potential that can increase tumor radiosensitivity and improve treatment outcomes.
Features of metastasis and recurrence in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors
Authors: Beyshembaev A. M. , Temirova M. Sh. , Zhordania K. I. , Kashurnikov A. Yu. 
Published: January 2021

Objective:a retrospective analysis of association of the tumor stage of stromal cell ovarian tumors with the frequency of recurrence and development of metastases in lymph nodes.Materials and methods.473 patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors with various histological types were examined, and long-term treatment results were evaluated.Results.The highest recurrence rate (more than 80 %) was observed in stages II, III and IV. The frequency of development of metastases in the lymph nodes was highest in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors of III–IV stages (50 %); however, in more than 40 % of cases of metastases in the lymph nodes was developed in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors of IА, IВ, IС stages. The remaining 10 % of cases were in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors of II stage. In patients with I stage without lymphadenectomy, metastases in the lymph nodes was developed in 21 % cases.Conclusions.The high frequency of lymph node metastasis in patients with stromal cell ovarian tumors is a risk factor, which had to be evaluated to develop surgical treatment tactics.
Artificial Intelligence in surgical practice
Authors: Melnikov P. V. , Dovedov V. N. , Kanner D. Yu. , Chernikovskiy I. L. 
Published: January 2021

The aim of this literature review was to a highlight the basic concepts of artificial intelligence in medicine, focusing on the application of this area of technological development in changes of surgery. PubMed and Google searches were performed using the key words “artificial intelligence”, “surgery”. Further references were obtained by cross-referencing the key articles.The integration of artificial intelligence into surgical practice will take place in the field of education, storage and processing of medical data and the speed of implementation will be in direct proportion to the cost of labor and the need for “transparency” of statistical data.
Zmiana składu zarządu województwa jako skutek zmiany statutu województwa w kontekście zachowania zasad polskiego ustrojowego prawa administracyjnego
Authors: Czerw Jarosław , Świerczyński Piotr 
Published: January 2021

<p> This article presents the issues of changing the composition of the voivodeship board in the Republic of Poland as a result of the change in the voivodeship statute. As part of the legal analysis of the institution in question, the authors paid special attention to practical issues and nodal problems that may be encountered when interpreting the provisions of the Act of 5 June 1998 on Voivodeship Self-Government. The issues raised refer to the actual state of affairs in the Sejmik of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. The article is of a scientific and research nature. The authors put forward three hypotheses and attempted to prove them in the framework of the conducted analysis. Firstly, a change in the composition of the voivodeship board as a result of the change in the voivodeship statute is possible in the light of the principles of the Polish systemic administrative law without the need to dismiss the entire voivodeship board. Secondly, in a situation where the resolution amending the articles of association did not include any adjusting provisions, it is necessary to adjust the make-up of the management board to the requirements of the amended articles as soon as possible. Thirdly, the solution according to which the dismissal or acceptance of a resignation of a board member by the voivodeship parliament and the election of a deputy marshal in his place within one resolution should be rejected. The results of the research carried out in the course of the analysis are original and innovative, as such studies have not been conducted so far. As a result, this article is a valuable source of knowledge for representatives of science and practice.</p>
Piecewise Curve Fitting Based on Least Square Method in 3D Space
Authors: Xue Lihong 
Published: January 2021

Least squares curve fitting is widely used in various neighborhoods, such as industry, agriculture, and economy. The method of piecewise curve fitting is used to deal with some experimental studies with large amounts of data. It can not only be used for plane space points, but also for three-dimensional space points. Firstly, this article introduces the principles of curve fitting and least squares. Secondly, it clarifies the steps based on least square fitting and gives examples of improvements made based on the principle of least square fitting functions by some scientists. Finally, the piecewise curve fitting in the three-dimensional space is obtained using the least squares piecewise curve fitting. It lays a certain theoretical foundation for drawing the laws between data in three-dimensional space.
Experiences on the perception of two- and three-dimensional concepts in interior architecture education
Authors: Terece Tuba , Yurttas N. Basak 
Published: January 2021

In the study, at the Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Biruni University, in the 2019–2020 academic Fall Semester 1, in the scope of “introduction to Project 1” course, the applications of the students in the semester are discussed. During the implementation process, each student created original three-dimensional works based on the original works of Piet Mondrian. They have converted two-dimensional paintings into three-dimensional works with utility elements such as cubes, rectangular prisms and bars, with model materials to be used in their chosen areas. In the last stage, they drew the top, front-back and right-left side facades of the three-dimensional works. As a result, the students experienced a process in which they gained self-confidence, were not afraid to experiment and achieved successful results without being within certain limits with their original design approaches in their first studio experience. It was seen that they grasped the importance of learning by seeing, creating alternative solutions with trial and error method, expressing visually and experiencing in studio work. They have obtained a useful studio experience in which they can draw, transfer what they see and develop their manual skills with the concepts of ratio, proportion, scale and perception with the studies done.

Keywords: Project, design, studio space, experience, three-dimensional perception.
Bureaucratizing Fatwā in Indonesia: The Council of Indonesian Ulama and Its Quasi-Legislative Power
Authors: Alfitri Alfitri 
Published: January 2021

The state has given de-jure recognition of the Council of Indonesian Ulama's (MUI) authority in establishing sharīʿa principles for the running of Islamic financial service in Indonesia. Given this extensive design, does MUI then expand this authority into other Islamic law fields, and if so, why and how MUI does that. This paper aims to examine MUI's policy to bureaucratize fatwā by making its Fatwa Commission the single institution, administratively and substantively, for fatwā production in Indonesia. It considers this issue in light of secondary data gathered through the documentation of Ijtima Ulama resolutions. It examines their inclusion or exclusion into the MUI's official fatwā compilation employing both normative-doctrinal and socio-legal analysis. As its formal role in the state system for the administration of Islamic legal traditions has been acknowledged, MUI continues expanding its authority by enabling its Fatwa Commission like a legislature, which will further review the Ijtima Ulama resolutions before promulgating them as a fatwā. Therefore, some of the resolutions that do not pass the review cannot/are not promulgated as a fatwā. MUI adopts this measure to increase the efficacy of its fatāwā by polishing the collective ijtihād resolutions of Ijtima Ulama which are assumed to represent all ulama in Indonesia.
Pengelompokan Kepedulian Lingkungan Masyarakat di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Sanitasi Layak Tahun 2020
Authors: Afifatul Ilma Widyatami  , Fajar Hari Dwiono  , Ineke Kristin Dwi Astuti  , Lady Deborah  , Viana Mei Reistiani  , Rani Nooraeni  
Published: January 2021

UU No. 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup menyatakan bahwa setiap orang berhak atas lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat sebagai bagian dari hak asasi manusia. Berdasarkan nilai IKLH Nasional tahun 2018 terdapat provinsi-provinsi yang nilai IKLH-nya lebih kecil dari nilai IKLH Nasional, salah satunya adalah Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Untuk megatasi permasalahan kepedulian lingkungan di Provinsi DIY, perlu dikaji bagaimana kondisi permasalahan masing-masing dimensi kepedulian lingkungan di level yang lebih kecil. Hal tersebut dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan kepedulian lingkungan dengan lebih terfokus pada wilayah-wilayah yang memang membutuhkan perhatian khusus. Oleh karena itu peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan pengelompokan kecamatan di Provinsi DIY berdasar indikator kepedulian lingkungan serta ingin mengetahui keterkaitan indikator kepedulian lingkungan terhadap sanitasi layak. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis inferensia dengan analisis cluster metode ragam minimum serta analisis regresi linier berganda dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 78 kecamatan di DIY, diperoleh 3 cluster kecamatan, yaitu cluster dengan kepedulian lingkungan rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Masing-masing cluster tersebut mempunyai anggota 33, 34, dan 11 kecamatan. Sedangkan, berdasarkan analisis regresi linier berganda dimensi kepedulian lingkungan yang memiliki kaitan dengan akses sanitasi layak di Provinsi DIY adalah dimensi kepedulian terhadap pengelolaan air dan dimensi kepedulian terhadap penggunaan energi.
Characteristics of Maternal Venous Thromboembolism in Japan, 2018: A Retrospective Cohort Study with National Surveillance Questionnaire Conducted in Maternity Hospitals
Authors: Morikawa Mamoru , Adachi Tomoko , Itakura Atsuo , Nii Masafumi , Nakabayashi Yasushi , Kobayashi Takao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: In Japan, deliveries by women of older maternal age and by women with overweight or obesity have recently increased. While, since 2008, the guidelines and practices to prevent the maternal VTE have been recommended. This study aims to clarify the incidence and characteristics of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnant women in Japan to reduce the rate of mortality from VTE.Methods: Of 2299 institutions sent the surveillance questionnaire, 666 (29.0%) responded, and data from 295,961 women who gave birth in those institutions in 2018 were analyzed. We calculated the incidence and characteristics of VTE before and after the deliveries in the three types of institutions (perinatal medical centers, general hospital with obstetric facilities, and maternal clinic with beds). To clarify the incidence and characteristics of VTE, and to clarify the relationship between the incidence of the VTE and the types of institutions in 2018 in Japan.Results: At the responding institutions, 20 (0.0068%) died, and 243 women (0.082%) had VTE. Deep vein thrombosis was significantly more common (0.0053%) than pulmonary thromboembolism (0.0019%; p < 0.0001). The incidence of antepartum VTE (0.0055%) was significantly higher than that of postpartum VTE (0.0026%; p < 0.0001). Among the 165 women with antepartum VTE, perioperative pulmonary thromboembolism (30.0%) was more common than perioperative deep vein thrombosis (8.8%, p = 0.0150). The incidence of VTE after cesarean section (0.0074%) was significantly higher than that after vaginal delivery (0.0012%; p < 0.0001). After cesarean section, the incidence of pulmonary thromboembolism (46.4%) was significantly higher than that of deep vein thrombosis (10.8%; p < 0.0001). Of the women with VTE, four (1.6%) died.Conclusions: Obstetricians should be strongly encouraged to administer thromboprophylaxis to decrease the incidence of VTE because among women thought to have low risk of VTE, the incidence might have increased in Japan.
Targeting HECTD3-IKKα axis inhibits inflammation-related metastasis
Authors: Chen CeShi , Li Fubing , Liang Huichun , You Hua , Xiao Ji , Xia Hou-Jun , Chen Xi , Huang Maobo , Cheng Zhuo , Yang Chuanyu , Liu Wenjing , Zhang Hai-Lin , Zeng Li , Wu Yingying , Ge Fei , Li Zhen , Zhou Wenhui , Zhou Zhongmei , Liu Rong , Jiang Dewei , Wen Yi , Xie Ni , Kong Yanjie , Liang Bin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Surgery is a common intervention for most primary solid tumors; however, surgical trauma-related systemic inflammation facilitates distant tumor metastasis by increasing the spread and adhesion of tumor cells to vascular endothelial cells. Currently, there are no effective interventions to prevent distant metastasis. Here, we show that HECTD3 deficiency in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) significantly reduces tumor metastasis in tumor resection metastasis, LPS-induced metastasis and MMTV-Neu metastasis models. HECTD3 depletion downregulates expression of adhesion molecules, such as VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, in mouse primary ECs and in human primary umbilical vein ECs stimulated by inflammatory factors and inhibits adhesion of tumor cells to ECs both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that HECTD3 promotes stabilization and kinase activity of IKKα by ubiquitinating IKKα with K27- and K63-linked polyubiquitin chains at K296, increasing phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser10 to promote NF-κB target gene transcription. IKKα kinase inhibitors prevented LPS-induced pulmonary metastasis. These findings reveal the promotional role of the HECTD3-IKKα axis in tumor hematogenous metastasis and provide a potential strategy for tumor metastasis prevention.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Acute Malnutrition Among Children in Kamashi District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Bekele Simeneh , Fekadu Gedefaw , Achamyeleh Animaw 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute malnutrition among children is common in developing countries. Ethiopia is one of the Sub-Saharan African countries with high level of child malnutrition. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of acute malnutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months in Kamashi district, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 26 to December 15, 2019, at Kamashi district. Eight hundred fourteen children were included in the study. The sample size was calculated using a single population proportion formula. Multistage sampling technique was employed to select children from households. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were taken. Descriptive and analytical data analysis was done using SPSS. Results: About 10% of children, aged 6–59 months in Kamashi district were acutely malnourished (95% CI: 8.7-13.1,). From these, 5.5 % (95 % CI: 4.5-7.9) were moderately malnourished and 4.3 % (95% CI: 3.4-6.4) were severely malnourished. About 0.4% children had edema. Children from care givers who attended primary (AOR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.06 - 0.41) or secondary education (AOR=0.21, 95% CI: 0.07-0.68), children who had been vaccinated to their age (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.18 -0.82) and children from mothers who attended postnatal care (AOR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06-0.30) had lower odds of having acute malnutrition. On the other hand, children who had history of fever in the two weeks preceding the survey (AOR=4.01, 95% CI: 1.86-8.66), those children from families with <2 number of under-five children (AOR=3.63, 95% CI: 1.60-8.31) and children with lower birth interval (AOR= 3.27, 95% CI: 1.75-6.12) had higher odds of developing acute malnutrition.Conclusion: Acute malnutrition among children in Kamashi district was high. Increasing girl’s education may help to reduce acute malnutrition among children in Kamashi district. In addition, the district health office shall increase postnatal care attendance and vaccination at age to reduce acute malnutrition among children. The district health office shall work to increase inter-birth interval and prevent febrile illnesses among children.
Understanding the Efficacy of Concentrated Interstitial Carbon in Enhancing the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel
Authors: Li Tianshu , Chien Szu-Chia , Ren Zhe , Windl Wolfgang , Ernst Frank , Frankel Gerald 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
By introducing a high fraction of interstitial carbon through low temperature carburization, the pitting corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel can be significantly improved. Previous work attributed this enhancement to the improvement of passive film properties. However, we show here that interstitial carbon actually weakens the passive film on stainless steel. In fact, the enhancement in pitting resistance is a result of carbon reducing the metal dissolution rate in a local pit environment by many orders of magnitude, which extremely decreases the growth stability of a pit and prevents it from transitioning into stable growth. Electronic structure calculations show that carbon bonds to the metal atoms and that the metal–carbon bonds are 1.6 to 2.0 times stronger than the metal–metal bonds. Different from prior theories, we show that the significant increase of pitting resistance originates from the formation of covalent bonds between interstitial carbon and its neighboring metal atoms, resulting in a significantly reduced dissolution rate. This study indicates a new strategy for the design of corrosion resistant alloys, namely alloying with concentrated interstitials that form strong bonds with the matrix atoms.
Health Literacy Level in a Various Nephrology Population: Predialysis Clinic, in-centre Hemodialysis and Home Dialysis
Authors: BEGIN Yannick , BOYER Annabel , DUPONT Julie , ROUSSEAU-GAGNON Mathieu , FERNANDEZ Nicolas , DEMIAN Maryam , SIMONYAN David , AGHARAZII Mohsen , MAC-WAY Fabrice 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Health literacy refers to the ability of individuals to gain access to, use, and understand health information and services in order to maintain a good health. It is especially important in nephrology due to the complexity of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study sought to define health literacy levels in patients followed in predialysis clinic, in-center dialysis (ICHD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD).Methods: This transversal monocentric observational study analysed 363 patients between October 2016 and April 2017. The Brief Health Literacy Screen (BHLS) and the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) were used to measure health literacy. Multivariate linear regressions were used to compare the mean scores on the BHLS and HLQ, across the four groups.Results: Patients on PD had a significantly higher BHLS’score than patients on ICHD (p=0.04). HLQ’s scores differed across the groups: patients on HHD (p=0.01) and PD (p=0.002) were more likely to feel understood by their healthcare providers. Compared to ICHD, patients on HHD were more likely to have sufficient information to manage their health (p=0.02), and patients in the predialysis clinic were more likely to report high abilities for health information appraisal (p<0.001).Conclusion: In a monocentric study, there is a significant proportion of CKD patients, especially in predialysis clinic and in-centre hemodialysis, with limited health literacy. Patients on home dialysis (HHD and PD) had a higher level of health literacy compared to the other groups.
Cortical Correlates in Upright Dynamic and Static Balance in the Elderly
Authors: Rubega Maria , Formaggio Emanuela , Marco Roberto Di , Bertuccelli Margherita , Cattelan Manuela , Bonato Paolo , Masiero Stefano , Felice Alessandra Del 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Falls are the second leading cause of injury for the elderly worldwide. Physiological aging processes alter the ability to address unexpected balance perturbations and increase the probability of falling. Indeed, approximately 30% of adults older than 65 years experiences up to one fall/year. Investigating the neurophysiological patterns of static and dynamic balance in the elderly is an emerging area of research. This knowledge will provide a mechanistic basis to implement novel rehabilitation strategies and assistive devices to eventually reduce the risk of falls.
Our aim was to identify cortical and muscular correlates of static and dynamic balance in a cohort of younger and old healthy adults. We quantified cortical and muscular activation in 9 elderly and 8 younger healthy participants during a task of upright stance in static and dynamic (core board) conditions. To simulate real-life double-tasking while maintaining posture, a second set of experiments incorporated a visual oddball task.
During static balance, we observed high electroencephalographic (EEG) delta rhythm over the anterior cortex in the elderly and more diffused fast rhythms (i.e., alpha, beta, gamma band) in younger participants. By adding a visual oddball, the elderly increased theta activation over sensorimotor and occipital cortices.
During dynamic balance, the elderly recruited sensorimotor areas and increased muscle co-contraction, suggesting a preferen- tial motor strategy to maintain posture. This strategy was exasperated during the oddball task. The younger participants showed an overall reduced cortical and muscular activation compared to the elderly, with the noteworthy difference of a preferential activation of occipital areas reinforced during the oddball task, hinting to a likely visual strategy to maintain dynamic balance.
These results support the hypothesis of a different strategy during the life-span in addressing postural tasks as cognitive load increases. This knowledge will aid in tailoring age-specific rehabilitative and assistive interventions.