bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID 19 pandemic and behavioural change toward water hygiene and sanitation (WASH): A study in rural Odisha, India
Authors: Tripathy Saswatik , Sahu Loknath 
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 Pandemic is not the first-ever pandemic which hit this globe, but it is the deadliest and possesses enough capability to shake the so-called developed global system. Additionally, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been detected in feces of infected individuals, leading to the possibility that fecal-oral transmission could also play a role in virus transmission, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with high rates of open defecation, ineffective fecal sludge management, and poor access to safe drinking water. So people’s behaviour towards WASH is very important at this time.This study was done in two rural districts of Odisha, i.e. Sambalpur and Mayurbhanj. The district, blocks, villages were selected with simple random sampling. A sample size of 50 was taken through telephonic interviews.This study was done to understand the real life scenario of rural Odisha and how COVID 19 pandemic shape their behaviour toward the water hygiene and sanitation. So the research was designed in such a manner so that it can capture the important dimensions of WASH. The sample size includes a non-homogeneous group which represents the rural population in terms of social, economic, educational and gender perspectives. During the S1 situation if the source of drinking water is taken into consideration people were using those sources from many years and after lot of efforts from the government side people never changed their behaviour, people’s perspective on water treatment and hand washing were so strong that there was 32 percent people who never used to wash their hands they don’t even think it was important (38% people. At least 34 percent people used to thought there was no need of treating water before drinking when 46 percent of the sample population was using the open water source. But these scenarios changed after they lose their hope on their own immunity during the S2 situation. The numbers of washing hands increase, people started using soap and the perspective towards the water treatment also changed towards a positive aspect.This study clearly finds that 3As (Availability, Accessibility and Affordability) is not enough for behavioural change towards WASH but it needs 4As (Availability, Accessibility, Affordability and Accountability) and 1I (Intension). Because until people understand that they are accountable for their own vulnerability they will not able to think about the behavioural change and without their intension they cannot start the process.
Study of neutralizing [anti-RBD] antibody responses induced by COVID-19 vaccines in healthcare professionals in a diagnostic centre of Central India
Authors: Hawaldar Ranjana , Sodani Sadhna , Sodani Varsha , Sodani R K 
Published: July 2021

India began administration of COVID-19 vaccines on 16 January 2021. Reliable quantification of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is highly relevant for identifying possible vaccine efficiency and estimating the time of protection. Healthcare Professionals were the first group of beneficiaries of this vaccine.we aimed to evaluate the neutralizing [anti-RBD] antibody responses induced by COVID-19 vaccines after first and booster dose in healthcare professionals69 healthcare professionals [HCPs] Were enrolled for the evaluation study. The COVISHILED vaccine developed by AstraZeneca, University of Oxford and manufactured and distributed in India by the Serum Institute of India was administered to all the participants. All participants were evaluated to detect levels neutralizing IgG antibodies on three occasions:,first pre vaccination level, second on approximately 27th day and third on 68th day from baselining & first vaccine dose to assess change in levels of neutralizing IgG antibodies post vaccinationOn approximately 27 day from first vaccine dose, 45 out of 51 participants in investigational cohort were sero-converted for anti-RBD antibodies. Out of 6 participants that were yet to sero-convert 5 demonstrated increased level of neutralizing [anti-RBD] antibodies but did not cross the reactivity threshold to confirm presence of neutralizing [anti-RBD] antibodies.On approximately 68 day from second vaccine dose, 49 out of 51 participants in investigational cohort were sero-converted for anti-RBD antibodies. 4 additional participants sero-converted post booster dose .96.0% produced neutralizing [anti-RBD] antibodies post vaccination. 2 participants continued to remain non-reactive.This is the first data of serological responses to COVID-19 vaccines in IBD patients with detailed analysis of antibodies RBD/spike proteins represented amongst HCPs from central India. Study also demonstrates that the level of neutralizing antibodies produced may vary due to several contributing factors and hence periodic monitoring of neutralizing antibodies before and post vaccination can help evaluate adaptive immune response induced by specific individual in response to vaccine administered.
Cystic Fibrosis: Improving quality of life
Authors: Chaudhry Sunil 
Published: July 2021

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) or Mucoviscidosis is an inherited condition. In cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein does not functions properly i.e regulation of fluids and salts outside the cells. Cystic fibrosis affects exocrine glands eg., the mucus-secreting and sweat glands in the respiratory and digestive systems. The frequency of common mutation F508del (deletion of phenylalanine residue at position 508) in children is between 19% and 34%. The estimate frequency of CF as 1:10,000 to 1:40,000 in children. There is no cure for cystic fibrosis, but treatment can reduce symptoms and complications to improve quality of life. Close monitoring and early, aggressive intervention is recommended to slow the progression of CF, which can lead to possible longer life.
Composition of the zooplankton community associated with mesophotic corals in “Corales de Profundidad” National Natural Park, Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Contreras-Vega Laura , Henao- Castro Alejandro , Navas-S Gabriel R. 
Published: July 2021

Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCE) are located between 30 and 150 m deep and shelter unique communities. However, they have been poorly studied due to the high cost of the available sampling technologies. Zooplankton are key organisms for the maintenance of the coral colonies as their primary food source because the zooxanthellae in these habitats have a low photosynthetic rate due to the low light incidence. The purpose of this work was to characterize the zooplankton community associated with MCEs. We took 15 samples (three samples per station) by filtering 24 L of seawater (45 µm mesh size) in five stations at Bajo Fríjol with a device designed to collect zooplankton right just above the reef substrate. We determined the taxonomic composition, density, and relative abundance, and we categorized the species according to their trophic level. Crustaceans (especially nauplii and copepods), tintinnids, and foraminifers were the most abundant while tintinnids and radiolarians had the higher species richness. Herbivores dominated in both composition and abundance as usually happens in other pelagic communities. We present here the first reports of planktonic radiolarians and tintinnids from oceanic zones and MCEs in the Colombian Caribbean and the first global list of zooplankton species associated with MCEs.
A subjetividade jurídica e o pacto heterocisnormativo
Authors: Baggenstoss Grazielly Alessandra 
Published: July 2021

O Direito, como um discurso do Estado, traz em si o enviesamento do discurso liberal do projeto de humanidade formado pela modernidade, primando pela universalidade. Contudo, a configuração discursiva atual do Direito brasileiro também traz os aspectos materiais do contexto de sua origem: centrada na figura do homem, branco, burguês. Ao ocultar os aspectos materiais de sua genealogia, oculta, também, a pluriversalidade das pessoas. Assim, a partir do exame de como se forma a subjetividade jurídica, revela-se a racialização e o sistema sexo-gênero ocultado pelo discurso jurídico e entende-se como suas estruturas corroboram para a manutenção de exclusões no meio social. Para compreender tais mecanismos, a presente pesquisa, caracterizada como bibliográfica narrativa, de abordagem qualitativa e caráter descritivo-explicativo, pretende apresentar como o Direito produz o sujeito mulher a partir da subjetividade jurídica caracterizada pela heterocisnormatividade e fortalecida pelo pacto heterocisnormativo, categoria que se propõe nesta pesquisa.
PHOTOBIOREACTOR FOR MICROALGAE-BASED WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Authors: Pavliukh Lesia , Shamanskyi Sergii 
Published: July 2021

Purpose and Objectives of the Work. This scientific article is devoted to creation of an advanced photobioreactor design for wastewater treatment from biogenic compounds. Research Methods are based on a systematic analysis of theoretical research, synthesis, anology and comparison. Research Results. As a result, the improved photobioreactor design was proposed, in which the application of new elements and connections reduces the required area for its placement, immobilization of microalgae in the working area and, as a result, reducing the working area, the ability to quickly replace the sleeves of the working area, covered with sediment inside, and, as a result, reduce labor costs and downtime of the photobioreactor. Discussion. The problem is solved by the fact that the photobioreactor is made in the form of a transparent flowing rectangular open-topped tank, inside of which are vertically attached to the bottom of the tank by quick-release fasteners transparent flowing flexible hoses, to which at the bottom by means of non-return valves are connected pipelines for wastewater and microalgae supply and tubes for carbon dioxide supply and are connected by means of shut-off valves pipelines for drainage of a mixture of microalgae with residual wastewater, and in the upper hermetic part, where there are valves for drainage of accumulated gases , while the pipeline for the purified wastewater discharge is connected to a guide tray purified wastewater supply inside of a flowing rectangular open-topped tank, and at the outlet of the pipeline for drainage of a mixture of microalgae with residual wastewater is a microalgae separator to separate return and excess biomass. Conclusion. The proposed construction of photobioreactor can have good perspectives to be use in communal services for sewage water purification from biogenic compounds.
New challenges in teaching and learning of administrative studies – Digitisation / digitalisation and innovative pedagogies
Authors: Iucu Oana 
Published: July 2021

The very rapid transition to the online teaching and learning system, without sufficient training and not proper adapted to the educational needs of students (already migrated to virtual environments and digital tools), has produced some visible dysfunctions, especially in informal interactions with students. Dimensions investigated using a methodology based on the survey’s technique aimed at types of academic activities carried out during the period dedicated to online activities, participation in online activities of ‘synchronous’ type – face to face – categories of online applications used, types of platforms for asynchronous activities and classical teaching strategies most commonly used in association with online educational techniques. The population was represented by students and teachers from the fields of study administrative studies and academic categories that will provide a serious input for formulating conclusions. We propose to launch a practical module for the training of university professors on the innovative pedagogies applied to the administrative sciences and law academic fields.

Keywords: Teaching and learning, administrative studies, digitalisation / digitisation, innovative pedagogies.
Assessment of academic achievements and memorisation power of students by concept map strategy and traditional lecture approach
Authors: Hafeez Muhammad 
Published: July 2021

The challenges in the 21st century have made learning a complex process. In this age, new and conceptual learning strategies are being used to compete with the challenges. The concept map learning strategy has shown positive influences on students’ academic achievements and quality of education. This learning strategy has also showed a significant effect on students’ critical thinking skills. A research study has been conducted to assess the students’ academic achievements and memorisation power by concept map learning strategy and traditional learning approach. The students of a primary school studying in fifth grade in general course for section A (concept map learning strategy) and section B (Traditional lecture learning strategy) were assessed. The descriptive statistics and t-test analysis were also carried out on the results obtained from the students by concept map and traditional learning strategies. Statistical analysis showed that concept map learning strategy improved the students’ academic achievements and memorisation power significantly.

Keywords: Critical thinking skills, learning skills, microbiology, strategies, primary school.
Death Penalty in Indonesia: Revisiting the Debate Between the Retentionist and the Abolitionist
Authors: Salam Abdul Jalil , Karim Zahlul Pasha 
Published: July 2021

Historically, Indonesia's death penalty does not originate from religious doctrine but a series of democratization processes agreed upon in the legislation. Amidst these processes, two competing opinions respond to Indonesia's death penalty: the retentionist and the abolitionist. These different approaches to address the death penalty, whether imposed or abolished, result in competing perspectives and arguments in regulatory and practical issues both in the national and international arena. This study aimed to revisit the death penalty discourse in Indonesia that opposes the human approach by assuming that the death penalty violates human rights. The data were analyzed in three steps, among other things, unitization, comparison, and conclusion. This study showed that the death penalty remains relevant to Indonesia despite the long struggle of its rejection. It concluded that Indonesia's imposition of the death penalty is regarded as worth defending, with specific and selective applications. The specific application means that the death penalty is applicable for corruptors, drug dealers, terrorists, gross human rights violators, and premeditated murders. Selective application means that a convict sentenced to death must be proven in court with a level of accuracy considered and accepted in law.
KEYWORDS: Death Penalty, Criminal Law, Right to Life, Indonesian Law.
The Legal Aspect of Consumers' Protection from Pop-Up Advertisements in Indonesia
Authors: Prastyanti Rina Arum , Yafi Eiad , Wardiono Kelik , Budiono Arief 
Published: July 2021

Pop-up advertisements have become prevalent on websites. When users click on the banner, they navigate a separate window; banner and pop-up advertisements contain attractive audio-visual and animated graphics. This intrusive advertising has not explicitly regulated Indonesia's current legislation, including Electronic Transaction and Information Law 11/2008 (ITE Law). Also, it is exempted in the Indonesian Pariwara Ethics, guidelines for advertising ethics and procedure in Indonesia. This study aimed to revisit consumers’ protection toward pop-up advertisements in Indonesia, with two main discussions. First, it discussed online consumers' perceptions of pop-up advertisements and the classification of their responses. Second, it enquired to what extent the legal and ethics protection for online consumers in Indonesia. By using empirical legal research, this study concluded that the ITE Law prohibits anyone from spreading online information with content that violates immorality and gambling, as it often contains in pop-up advertisements. Through the lens of business ethics, pop-up advertisements are new media and they should not be installed in such a way as to interfere with the freedom of internet users, given that pop-up advertisements do not reflect the ethics of honesty, trust, and advice in business.
KEYWORDS: Consumers’ Protection, Online Advertisements, Business Ethics.
Planning of Indoor Femtocell Network for LTE 2300 MHz on Railways Carriages Using Radiowave Propagation Simulator 5.4
Authors: Naufallia Adisti Nabilah , Isnawati Anggun Fitrian , Ni’amah Khoirun 
Published: July 2021

The indoor communication system is a system to solve the problem of weak signals received by placing a Femtocell Access Point (FAP) indoor area. The design of an indoor cellular communication network system is carried out using the Radiowave Propagation Simulator 5.4. The parameters observed were Received Signal Level (RSL) and Signal to Interface Ratio (SIR). The case study is the passenger carriage of the executive, business and economy passenger class. The research includes link budget calculations based on coverage and capacity by considering the type of train carriage material and train passenger capacity. The calculation results based on capacity obtained 1 FAP for executive and business class train passenger cars, while economy class train passenger cars obtained 2 FAP. The best scenario for executive class namely scenario 1A, the receiver gets average RSL of approximately -32.26 dBm and SIR of 0 dB. The best scenario for business class namely scenario 2A, the receiver gets average RSL of approximately -32.57 dBm and SIR of 0 dB. The best scenario for economy class namely scenario 3A, the receiver gets average RSL of approximately -29.80 dBm and the receiver gets average SIR of approximately 6.97 dB
Мониторинг и прогноз развития эпидемии COVID-19 в г. Москва: выбор моделей на основе технологии сбалансированной идентификации (сентябрь 2021)
Authors: Соколов Александр , Соколова Любовь 
Published: July 2021

Любая математическая модель является отражением знаний об исследуемом объекте. В работе показано, как накопление информации (статистических данных и знаний) о пандемии COVID‑19 приводит к уточнению математических моделей, к расширению области их использования. Построенная в результате модель удовлетворительно описывает динамику заболеваемости COVID-19 в г. Москва с 19.03.2020 по 01.09.2021 и может использоваться для прогноза с горизонтом в несколько месяцев. Основным внутренним механизмом, определяющим динамику модели, является коллективный иммунитет. Мониторинг ситуации в г. Москва пока (до 01.09.2021) не выявил заметной сезонности заболевания и заметного повышения заразности (из-за появления штамма Дельта). Приводятся результаты использования технологии сбалансированной идентификации для мониторинга пандемии COVID-19:
• модели, соответствующие данным, доступным в различные моменты времени (с марта 2020 по август 2021);
• полученные новые знания (зависимости);
• прогнозы третьей и четвертой волны в г. Москва.
Обсуждаются трудности, возникшие после 01.09.2021, и направления дальнейшего модифицирования модели.
Cost Analysis of Volar Plate Fixation Versus Plaster Cast Immobilization for Intra-Articular Distal Radial Fractures
Authors: Selles C.A. , Mulders M.A.M. , van Dieren S. , Goslings J.C. , Schep N.W.L. ,   the VIPAR Collaborators
Published: July 2021

Background:
The aim of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility between plaster cast immobilization and volar plate fixation for acceptably reduced intra-articular distal radial fractures.

Methods:
A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted as part of a randomized controlled trial comparing operative (volar plate fixation) with nonoperative (plaster cast immobilization) treatment in patients between 18 and 75 years old with an acceptably reduced intra-articular distal radial fracture. Health-care utilization and use of resources per patient were documented prospectively and included direct medical costs, direct non-medical costs, and indirect costs. All analyses were performed according to the intention-to-treat principle.

Results:
The mean total cost per patient was $291 (95% bias-corrected and accelerated confidence interval [bcaCI] = −$1,286 to $1,572) higher in the operative group compared with the nonoperative group. The mean total number of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained at 12 months was significantly higher in the operative group than in the nonoperative group (mean difference = 0.15; 95% bcaCI = 0.056 to 0.243). The difference in the cost per QALY (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio [ICER]) was $2,008 (95% bcaCI = −$9,608 to $18,222) for the operative group compared with the nonoperative group, which means that operative treatment is more effective but also more expensive. Subgroup analysis including only patients with a paid job showed that the ICER was −$3,500 per QALY for the operative group with a paid job compared with the nonoperative group with a paid job, meaning that operative treatment is more effective and less expensive for patients with a paid job.

Conclusions:
The difference in QALYs gained for the operatively treated group was equivalent to an additional 55 days of perfect health per year. In adult patients with an acceptably reduced intra-articular distal radial fracture, operative treatment is a cost-effective intervention, especially in patients with paid employment. Operative treatment is slightly more expensive than nonoperative treatment but provides better functional results and a better quality of life.

Level of Evidence:
Economic and Decision Analysis Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Continental Crust beneath the Western Amerasia Basin: Mechanisms of Subsidence
Authors: Artyushkov E.V. , Smirnov O.E. , Chekhovich O.E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract—The western part of the large Amerasia Basin in the Arctic Ocean comprises the smaller basins of Podvodnikov and Makarov. Judging by the sedimentary structure and the crustal subsidence history, both basins were developed on the continental crust despite their 3–4 km water depths. By the early Miocene, prior to the rapid formation of the basins, the crustal surface had been close to the sea level for a long time. Lithospheric stretching had a minor input to the subsidence, which was rather driven mainly by the prograde metamorphism of gabbro in the lower crust and its transformation into denser eclogite. The mechanism of subsidence associated with the metamorphic transformation from gabbro to eclogite implies that high-velocity eclogite belongs to the lower continental crust metamorphosed under the effect of mantle fluids. This idea undermines the seismic and gravity basin models that commonly attribute mafic eclogite to the sub-Moho lithospheric mantle on the basis of P-wave velocities similar to those in peridotite and interprets the crust beneath the Podvodnikov and Makarov basins as thin continental and oceanic crustal types, respectively.