bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy‐induced toxicity in patients with testicular germ cell tumors: The impact of physical fitness and regular exercise
Authors: Amiri Ali , Chovanec Michal , Oliva Viktor , Sedliak Milan , Mego Michal , Ukropec Jozef , Ukropcová Barbara 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundTesticular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) represent ∼95% of testicular malignancies and are the most common type of malignancy in young male adults. While the incidence of TGCTs has increased during the last decades, the advances in treatment, namely introducing cisplatin into the chemotherapy regimen, have made TGCTs highly curable with the 10‐year survival rate exceeding 95%. However, in parallel with increased cure rates, survivors may experience acute and late adverse effects of treatment, which increase morbidity, reduce the quality of life, and can be potentially life‐threatening. Chemotherapy‐related toxicities include cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, secondary cancer, avascular necrosis, cognitive impairment, cancer‐related fatigue, poor mental health‐related quality of life, nephrotoxicity, hypogonadism, neurotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, anxiety, and depression. These treatment‐related adverse effects have emerged as important survivorship dilemmas in TGCT cancer survivors. Recently, regular physical exercise has increasingly attracted research and clinical attention as an adjunct therapy for cancer patients.PurposeHerein, we review the most common chemotherapy‐related adverse effects in TGCT survivors and clinical relevance of exercise and increased cardio‐respiratory fitness in modulating chemotherapy‐related toxicity and quality of life in this population.Results and conclusionExercise has positive effects on a spectrum of physical and psychosocial outcomes during and after cancer treatment, and current guidelines on exercise prescription in chronic diseases define the recommended dose (volume and intensity) of regular exercise for cancer survivors, highlighting regular, sufficiently intensive physical activity as an essential part of patients’ care.
Does the time interval from the end of sperm processing to intrauterine insemination (lab‐to‐uterus time) affect treatment outcome?
Authors: Stein Anat , Altman Eran , Rotlevi Mali , Deutsch Avigail , Ben‐Haroush Avi , Wertheimer Avital , Eizenhamer Yael , Schohat Tzippy , Shufaro Yoel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundIntra‐uterine insemination is an essential component in the treatment of infertility. Success rates are dependent on clinical factors of the female partner, sperm quality, and preparation technique. The effect of the time interval between the end of sperm preparation in the lab, and its injection into the uterine cavity (lab‐to‐uterus time) is yet to be determined.AimTo investigate the association between the lab‐to‐uterus time and the pregnancy rate.Materials and methodsPartner and donor spermatozoa intra‐uterine insemination cycles were included. Preparation for intra‐uterine insemination of partners’ fresh ejaculate or donor thawed spermatozoa was identical. The time interval from the completion of this stage to the actual intra‐uterine injection was recorded. The lab‐to‐uterus intervals were divided into groups A (0–29 min), B (30–59 min), C (60–89 min), and D (90–180 min). Pregnancy was defined as two adequate consecutive doubling levels of hCG and the pregnancy rates were compared between the groups.ResultsA total of 267 female patients (138 partner spermatozoa, 129 donors) who had 470 intra‐uterine insemination cycles (218 partner spermatozoa, 252 donors) were included. No significant differences in pregnancy rates per treatment cycle were found between the four lab‐to‐uterus interval groups: A (n = 96 cycles; 16.7%), B (n = 217; 19.4%), C (n = 121; 16.5%), and D (n = 36; 36.1%). No difference was found in the pregnancy rates between partner and donor spermatozoa. In the case of fresh partner spermatozoa, the pregnancy rates for groups were as follows: A (n = 40 cycles, 20%); B (n = 94; 14.9%), C (n = 70; 17.1%), and D (n = 14; 35.7%) (NS). In the case of thawed donor spermatozoa, the pregnancy rates (per cycle) for groups were as follows: A (n = 56; 14.3%), B (n = 123; 22.8%), C (n = 51; 15.7%), and D (n = 22; 36.4)% (NS).ConclusionsThe intra‐uterine insemination outcome was not affected by the lab‐to‐uterus time interval. Extended waiting up to 3 h for insemination did not have any detrimental effect on pregnancy rates, regardless if partner or donor spermatozoa was used.
Differential diagnosis between LQT1 and LQT2 by QT/RR relationships using 24‐hour Holter monitoring: A multicenter cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yodogawa Kenji , Aiba Takeshi , Sumitomo Naotaka , Yamamoto Teppei , Murata Hiroshige , Iwasaki Yu‐ki , Kokubo Yoshihiro , Shimizu Wataru 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical course and therapeutic strategies in the congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) are genotype‐specific. However, accurate estimation of LQTS genotype is often difficult from the standard 12‐lead ECG.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the utility of QT/RR slope analysis by the 24‐hour Holter monitoring for differential diagnosis of LQTS genotype between LQT1 and LQT2.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study enrolled 54 genetically identified LQTS patients (29 LQT1 and 25 LQT2) recruited from three medical institutions. The QT‐apex (QTa) interval and the QT‐end (QTe) interval at each 15‐second were plotted against the RR intervals, and the linear regression (QTa/RR and QTe/RR slopes, respectively) was calculated from the entire 24‐hour and separately during the day or night‐time periods of the Holter recordings.ResultsThe QTe/RR and QTa/RR slopes at the entire 24‐hour were significantly steeper in LQT2 compared to those in LQT1 patients (0.262 ± 0.063 vs. 0.204 ± 0.055, p = .0007; 0.233 ± 0.052 vs. 0.181 ± 0.040, p = .0002, respectively). The QTe interval was significantly longer, and QTe/RR and QTa/RR slopes at daytime were significantly steeper in LQT2 than in LQT1 patients. The receiver operating curve analysis revealed that the QTa/RR slope of 0.211 at the entire 24‐hour Holter was the best cutoff value for differential diagnosis between LQT1 and LQT2 (sensitivity: 80.0%, specificity: 75.0%, and area under curve: 0.804 [95%CI = 0.68–0.93]).ConclusionThe continuous 24‐hour QT/RR analysis using the Holter monitoring may be useful to predict the genotype of congenital LQTS, particularly for LQT1 and LQT2.
Diagnostic criteria for retained products of conception—A scoping review
Authors: Hamel Charlotte C. , van Wessel Steffi , Carnegy Alasdair , Coppus Sjors F. P. J. , Snijders Marc P. M. L. , Clark Justin , Emanuel Mark H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionNumerous studies have been performed assessing optimal treatment regimens for evacuating (retained) products of conception from the uterus, but standardized criteria for diagnosing retained products of conception (RPOC) are still lacking. We aim to provide an overview of diagnostic criteria in current literature, used to diagnose RPOC after induced first‐trimester abortion or early pregnancy loss.Material and methodsPubmed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library were searched systematically up until March 2020 for English articles reporting on induced abortion or early pregnancy loss. Articles not specifying diagnostic criteria used to assess completeness of treatment were excluded, as were conference abstracts, expert opinions, reviews, and case reports. Four elements of diagnostic criteria were described: diagnostic tools, parameters used within these tools, applied cut‐off values, and timing of follow up. Additionally, a meta‐analysis was performed assessing diagnostic qualities of the most often applied diagnostic tool and parameter.ResultsThe search strategy yielded 1233 unique articles, of which 248 were included, with a total of 339 517 participants. In the 79 included randomized controlled trials, six diagnostic tools to assess RPOC were identified, combined in 14 ways, with 55 different cut‐off values. In 169 observational studies, seven diagnostic tools were identified, used in 28 combinations, applying 89 different cut‐off values. Transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of endometrial thickness with a cut‐off value of at least 15 mm indicating RPOC, was used most frequently. In the timing of follow‐up there was great variation, with 55 and 107 different combinations in randomized controlled trials and observational studies, respectively. Assessment of treatment success was scheduled most often around 2 weeks after treatment. Diagnostic qualities of endometrial thickness of 15 mm or more was not adequately assessed.ConclusionsThere is wide variation in the way RPOC are assessed, and the criteria used to define RPOC following induced abortion and early pregnancy loss; ultrasonographic measurement of endometrial thickness, with a cut‐off of 15 mm or more 2 weeks after primary treatment is the most widely used diagnostic approach. A meta‐analysis on diagnostic accuracy of endometrial thickness of 15 mm or more did not lead to solid results. These findings can be a first step to develop a workable standard of establishing RPOC after induced abortion or early pregnancy loss.
Vulnerabilities of the Rural Poor in India during pandemic COVID‐19: Social Work perspective for designing sustainable emergency response
Authors: Bhadra Subhasis 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPoor are vulnerable, frail, battered, marginalized, voiceless, and victim of multiple social circumstances. The complex vulnerable existence always made them suffer and become double victims of any disaster, be it natural, human‐made, or biological like pandemic COVID‐19. Poverty in India is an outfall of a number of complex social realities, historical past, and present doldrums. Restrictions due to lockdown and a shrinking economy, the job market as the immediate impact caused a number of survival crises for the rural families. The situation of rural poor becomes even more aggravated, as the reverse migration and influx of population increased the consumption and demand for jobs that actually the rural livelihood sector can provide. While the pre‐existing vulnerabilities of the poor are exposed in the pandemic, the government's response toward them showed its restricted efficiency. The pandemic COVID‐19 has taken human‐life hostage and effective sustainable strategies to manage the crisis of the poor vulnerable section were essential for long‐term resolution. Thus, the professional challenge ahead is designing a sustainable strategy of working in such pandemic situations that social workers are professionally skilled to handle similar challenges.
Characteristics of patients receiving extended treatment after incident venous thromboembolism
Authors: Albertsen Ida Ehlers , Jensen Martin , Abdelgawwad Khaled , Søgaard Mette , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard , Nielsen Peter Brønnum 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGiven high recurrence risk after venous thromboembolism (VTE), guidelines recommend extended dose rivaroxaban (10 mg OD) or apixaban (2.5 mg BID) to be considered after 6 months of initial treatment. This study aimed to provide insight into clinical practice regarding the use of extended preventive treatment and to describe duration of the initial treatment.Linkage of nationwide health registers identified all in‐ and outpatients with VTE from April 2017 through 2018. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated adjusting for other VTE‐related factors.The study included 6030 patients with VTE. Among rivaroxaban users, 2.2% (n = 113) received the extended 10‐mg dose after mean 9.4 (SD 3.1) months of standard treatment. For apixaban, 4.7% (n = 40) received extended 2.5‐mg dose after mean 8.0 months (SD 3.9). After adjustments, incident pulmonary embolism (HR 1.81 95% CI 1.12;2.91) and trauma/fracture (HR 1.42 95% CI 0.46;4.43) were associated with switching to extended dose, whereas patients with unprovoked VTE were less likely to receive the extended dose (HR 0.68 95% CI 0.30;1.55).Less than 3% of patients with incident VTE received extended treatment after initial standard treatment. Even though international guidelines suggest that the risk–benefit balance is in favour of extended VTE treatment, this was yet to be translated into clinical practice as of 2018. Studies using contemporary data are warranted to investigate routine clinical practice of extended treatment for VTE recurrence.
Perceptions of women and partners on labor and birth positions: A meta‐synthesis
Authors: Shorey Shefaly , Chan Valerie , Lalor Joan Gabrielle 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe risks and benefits of different birthing positions are commonly studied, but both paternal and maternal preferences and experiences of different birth positions are not examined. Therefore, this systematic review aims to explore the perceptions of women and their partners on birthing positions during the first and second stage of labor, so that maternity health care practitioners can provide better quality patient‐centered care.MethodsSix databases were searched from each database's inception through November 2020. Qualitative or mixed‐methods studies exploring perceptions of women and/or their partners on birthing positions were included in the review. Key information and findings of the studies were extracted; qualitative data were meta‐summarized, then meta‐synthesized using thematic analysis.ResultsSeven studies were included, and four themes emerged: (a) Influences on choice and preference; (b) mixed experiences from “pain” to “more in control”; (c) impact on postpartum health; and (d) ways to empower couples in their choice.ConclusionsWomen's preferences for birthing positions were influenced by a myriad of personal and socio‐cultural beliefs and traditions. Findings suggest a need for health care practitioners to build better rapport and provide more culturally relevant informational support to both women and their birthing partners, so they are better able to make informed decisions on their preferred birthing position.
Trade unions and the well‐being of workers
Authors: Blanchflower David G. , Bryson Alex , Green Colin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUsing data on nearly 2 million respondents from the United States and Europe, we show the partial correlation between union membership and employee job satisfaction is positive and statistically significant. This runs counter to findings in the seminal work of Freeman and Borjas in the 1970s. For the United States, we show the association between union membership and job satisfaction switched from negative to positive in the 2000s. Cohorts with positive union effects over time come to dominate those with negative effects. The negative association between membership and job satisfaction is apparent in cohorts born before the 1960s but turns positive for those born between the 1960s and 1990s. Analyses for Europe since the 2000s confirm the positive association between union membership and worker well‐being is apparent elsewhere. Panel estimates for the United Kingdom also find a positive relation between union membership and job satisfaction. A positive union association with other aspects of worker well‐being including life satisfaction, happiness and trust is apparent in cross‐sectional data for Europe. Union members are also less likely to be stressed, worried, depressed, sad or lonely. The findings have important implications for our understanding of trade unionism.
A randomized trial investigating clinical outcomes and stent‐related symptoms after placement of a complete intra‐ureteric stent on a string versus conventional stent placement
Authors: Shah Milap , Pillai Sunil , Chawla Arun , de la Rosette Jean J. M. C. H. , Laguna Pilar , Jayadeva Reddy Suraj , Taori Ravi , Hegde Padmaraj , Mummalaneni Sitaram 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo compare stent‐related symptoms (SRS) associated with conventional ureteric JJ stent (CUS) placement and SRS associated with placement of a modified complete intra‐ureteric stent (CIUS) with extraction suture, designed to minimize SRS, using the validated Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ).Materials and MethodsWe randomized 124 patients who had undergone uncomplicated ureteroscopic lithotripsy into a CIUS and a CUS placement group. USSQ scores were evaluated on postoperative days 1 and 7 (just before stent removal) and 4 weeks after stent removal (control values). Pain scores on a visual analogue scale (VAS) after stent removal were also recorded. Subdomain analysis of all SRS and stent‐related complications were also compared.ResultsNo significant intergroup differences were found in the domain scores for urinary symptoms (P = 0.74), pain (P = 0.32), general health (P = 0.27), work (P = 0.24), or additional problems (P = 0.29). However, a statistically significant difference was noted in VAS scores (P = 0.015). Analysis of subdomains of USSQ item scores showed the CIUS group had significantly better scores for urge incontinence (1.21 vs 1.00; P ≤ 0.001), discomfort on voiding (2.07 vs 1.50; P ≤ 0.001), difficulties with respect to light physical activity (1.131 vs 1.00; P ≤ 0.001), fatigue (1.84 vs 1.57; P = 0.002), feeling comfortable (3.68 vs 3.16; P = 0.003), need for extra help (1.96 vs 1.00; P ≤ 0.001), and change in duration of work (4.27 vs 1.86; P ≤ 0.001). However, the patients in the CIUS group were sexually inactive for the time during which the stent was indwelling (mean: 7.34 days). There was no difference in complication rates between the two groups.ConclusionThe use of a CIUS with strings after Ureteroscopy decreases SRS.
Effects of music, dance and drama therapies for people with an intellectual disability: A scoping review
Authors: Mino‐Roy Jordan , St‐Jean Juliette , Lemus‐Folgar Oliverio , Caron Katherine , Constant‐Nolett Ozalée , Després Jean‐Philippe , Gauthier‐Boudreault Camille 
Published: July 2021

Accessible summary

There are different forms of arts therapy including music, dance and drama therapies.

Music, dance and drama can help people with an intellectual disability to improve their wellbeing.

To encourage the inclusion of music, dance and drama therapies in different services, it is important to look at their effects on people with an intellectual disability.

Music, dance and drama help with self‐esteem, social skills, expression and management of emotions.

Arts therapies could also increase social inclusion and self‐determination.

AbstractBackgroundArts therapies take different forms, including music, dance and drama therapies. Access to meaningful activities is limited for people with an intellectual disability. Music, dance and drama therapies could be relevant strategies to improve well‐being of people with an intellectual disability. To encourage the inclusion of these modalities in services offered to this population, it is important to look at the effects of music, dance and drama therapies for people with an intellectual disability.MethodsThis scoping review aimed to document the effects of music, dance and drama therapies for people with an intellectual disability.Findings72 documents were selected and analysed. Depending on the modality of art therapy, various physical, emotional, cognitive and spiritual benefits were noted. Most of studies presented a limited sample size and had no group control.ConclusionThe use of arts therapy modalities music, dance and drama shows promise for people with an intellectual disability. The results of this study may contribute to the development of diversified and meaningful activities.
Importance of sex education for a successful transition to life after school: Experiences of high school girls with intellectual disability
Authors: Strnadová Iva , Loblinzk Julie , Danker Joanne 
Published: July 2021

Accessible summary

Quality sex education is important for all students. It also helps with a successful transition to life after school.

We talked to 11 Australian high school girls with intellectual disability. We wanted to know what they think about their sex education at school.

The girls told us that they were often not included in Individual Learning Plan meetings. They were also not consulted about what they would like to learn in sex education.

Sex education classes were largely inaccessible for them.

Accessible sex education classes are important to prepare students for life after school.

AbstractBackgroundStudents with intellectual disability often do not receive holistic sex education, which is critical for their successful transition to post‐school life, including having an ability to make healthy choices about their sexuality and relationships. The aim of this inclusive research study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of sex education with Australian high school girls with intellectual disability, as they prepare for a transition to post‐school life.MethodThere were 11 high school girls aged 13–20 years who participated in this study. Interviews were conducted and analysed using inductive content analysis.FindingsThe findings indicate that critical topics such as gender and sexual identity, and masturbation are not sufficiently covered in sex education in New South Wales, Australia. The participating girls also highlighted ways in which teachers could make sex education lessons more accessible. Individual Learning Plan meetings, an important platform for transition planning, were attended by less than a third of the girls in this study.ConclusionsComprehensive and accessible programmes on sex education for high school girls with intellectual disability are needed to promote successful transition to an autonomous life for these students.
Measuring research excellence amongst economics lecturers in the UK
Authors: McManus Richard , Mumford Karen , Sechel Cristina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUsing a rich new data source, we explore the selection of economics lecturers into the last UK Research Excellence Framework (REF) exercise. Only some one‐in‐two (54%) of these lecturers were submitted to REF2014; 57% of men and 46% of women. The decision making of institutions is found to be well approximated by a simplified selection approach; focusing on working papers and higher quality journal publications. Our results also reveal sizeable conditional differences in the probability of selection, especially so in departments with higher research rankings. More than half of the variance in selection probability remains unexplained, revealing considerable idiosyncrasies in the management of submissions and uncertainty across the discipline in this research assessment process.