bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sense of Purpose Following a Dementia Diagnostic Appointment: Comparing Self- and Other-Reports of Care Recipients and Care Partners
Authors: Wynn Matthew J. , Ju Catherine H. , Hill Patrick L. 
Published: August 2021

Objective: Purpose in life tends to decline in older adulthood and it is thought that intact cognitive functioning is required for purposeful living. Thus, it is likely that individuals may perceive older adults who are experiencing cognitive declines associated with dementia as having a reduced sense of purpose. Biases such as these may influence how individuals, especially care partners, interact with those with dementia.Method: This study examined how sense of purpose changed following a dementia diagnostic appointment for both the person receiving a diagnosis and their care partner. This study also explored how each individual perceived the other member of the dyad’s sense of purpose. Older adults (47 care recipients and 75 care partners, 57% female; Mage = 68.5 years, SDage = 12.0 years) provided self- and other-report ratings of sense of purpose before and after their appointment at a specialized memory clinic.Results: Overall, both care recipients and care partners’ sense of purpose declined following a dementia diagnostic appointment [t(85) = 7.01, p &lt; 0.001]. However, when comparing self-reports and other-reports of purpose, care partners reported that care recipients experienced a lower sense of purpose in life than the care recipients reported about themselves.Conclusions: Care recipients and partners reported less purpose in life following their dementia diagnostic appointment. Care partners may hold certain biases regarding sense of purpose toward care recipients. These findings can inform future work regarding how care recipients and care partners can plan purposeful lives following a dementia diagnosis.
Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Brief-Mindful Self-Care Scale: A Translation and Validation Study
Authors: Yang Zhen , Chen Fengmin , Liu Siqi , Dai Ming , Zhang Huijun 
Published: August 2021

Objective: This study aimed to translate the Brief-Mindful Self-Care Scale (B-MSCS) into Chinese and validate its reliability and validity among hospice nurses.Methods: A total of 510 hospice nurses were recruited from three provinces in China. The reliability of the translated scale was measured by internal consistency, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability. The validity of the translated scale was evaluated by expert consultation, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis.Results: The Cronbach's α value of the Chinese version of B-MSCS was 0.920, and the Cronbach's α value of the dimensions ranged from 0.850 to 0.933. The split-half reliability and test-retest reliability were 0.770 and 0.723, respectively. Furthermore, the content validity index of the scale (S-CVI) was 0.946. The 6-factor structure, supported by the eigenvalues, total variance explained, and scree plot were obtained by using exploratory factor analysis. Moreover, as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis, the model fitting indexes were all in the acceptable range.Conclusion: The Chinese version of B-MSCS had suitable reliability and validity among hospice nurses. The developed scale will evaluate the level of mindful self-care of Chinese hospice nurses, providing an opportunity for development of targeted educational plans. Each item is a direct guide for hospice nurses to develop their mindful self-care practice.
Psychological Outcomes and Associated Factors Among the International Students Living in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Alam Md. Dhedharul , Lu Jing , Ni Li , Hu Shaohua , Xu Yi 
Published: August 2021

Background:The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created a severe mental health problem for international students living in China. Despite the little information on the psychological impact on international students, we aimed to assess the psychological outcomes and associated factors among international students currently living in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 28, 2020 to June 12, 2020 on 402 full-time international students across 26 provinces in China. The frequency of symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia, psychological distress, loneliness, and fear was assessed with the English versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6), University of California, Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS), and Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S) scales, respectively.Results:The prevalence of symptoms of depression (73.4%), anxiety (76.6%), stress (58.5%), insomnia (77.6%), psychological distress (71.4%), loneliness (62.4%), and fear (73.1%) among international students during the COVID-19 pandemic was shown. The prevalence of moderate to extremely severe symptoms of all psychological outcomes was significantly associated with 26–30-year-old students, students who lived with roommates, and students who stayed in China shorter than 2 years. Participants in the central region reported significantly moderate to extremely severe symptom levels of all the psychological outcomes except fear symptoms. Univariate analysis indicated that a significant association of all psychological outcomes was found among 26–30-year-old students and students who stayed in China shorter than 2 years. Multivariate analysis showed that Engineering, Business, Social Sciences and Law, and Language students were significantly associated with the symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and fear. Participants staying in China for shorter than 2 years were associated with a higher risk of all psychological outcomes except psychological distress and loneliness symptoms.Conclusions:We found a higher prevalence of psychological outcomes and risk factors among international students during the COVID-19 pandemic. We immediately appealed to university authorities, mental health professionals, and government officials to provide mental health interventions and strategies for their international students, particularly young, central region students, living with roommates, different study backgrounds, and short time staying during the pandemic.
Magnetic particle imaging using linear magnetization response-driven harmonic signal of magnetoresistive sensor
Authors: Trisnanto Suko Bagus , Kasajima Tamon , Akushichi Taiju , Takemura Yasushi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We achieved a harmonic-rich signal from linear magnetization responses of magnetic nanoparticles under 40 μT/μ
0 excitation field to facilitate magnetic particle imaging (MPI). In contrast, large harmonic responses are typically attributed to the nonlinear field-dependent magnetization characteristics of the particles, thus questioning technical and clinical issues toward a human-sized MPI scanner. By using a magnetoresistive sensor, we propose a strategy to exploit the linear responses of the tracers at low field regime where the standard MPI may struggle with spatial signal decoding. The achieved high-contrast images of a solid ferucarbotran phantom bring new expectation toward clinical use of MPI.
Neoteinic and dwarf weeds: distribution, biology, control
Authors: Kurdiukova O. , Tyshchuk O. 
Published: August 2021

Goal. To determine the features of the distribution, occurrence, biology, harmfulness and methods of control of neoteinic and dwarf weeds in the conditions of the Left Bank Steppе.
Methods. The studies were carried out during 2017—2020 by route and expeditionary surveys. Weeds were counted 6—12 times.
Results. Neoteinic forms and dwarf plants were found in agricultural crops throughout the growing season. The number of weeds prone to neotenia made up 43 species. The duration of the period from germination to seed ripening varied in them within 14—34 days. Plant height was 2.8—12.4 cm. Their average seed productivity did not exceed 19—21 pcs. from the plant. The mass of 1000 seeds was 12—19% higher, and the germination rate was 21—34% higher than in conventional forms. At an average density of plants, up to 3.43—3.84 thousand pieces/m2 of seeds entered the soil. Stubble ploughing and subsequent basic tillage provided 100% control of them. Late autumn application of herbicides to control neoteinic and other annual weeds was impractical. Dwarf plant species in agrophytocenoses were represented by 27 species. The number of their seedlings in winter crops ranged from 11—16 to 237—334 pieces/ m2, for spring and row crops — from 37—53 to 365—489 pieces/m2. The height of the plants was 10.8—17.5 cm, and the seed productivity was from 6 to 609 pcs. With the density of these weeds at the level of 145—160 pcs/m2, they were consumed in crops of winter wheat 18.9 kg/hectare of nitrogen, 31.0 kg/hectare of phosphorus and 27.8 kg/hectare of potassium. Average water consumption was 141 m3/hectare. The loss of wheat grain was 0.48 t/h. In the fields for grain, cereals and row spring crops, high efficiency of control in all forms and types of weeds was achieved in a system of combination of soil cultivation, which included harrowing, seed bed preparation of autumn plows, as well as the use of herbicides. In the crops of winter wheat and barley, the maximum destruction of weeds was achieved from the use of leaf herbicides in autumn 10—12 days before the end of the growing season or at the beginning of the spring growing season.
Conclusions. The main attention in the control system of neotenic and dwarf weeds belongs to the summer-autumn technological method by 1—2-fold stubble plowing. Additionally, in sowing of spring crops, they are destroyed in the system of pre-sowing soil cultivation in combination with herbicides, and in winter crops by the use of leaf herbicides in autumn or early spring.
Big data as a threat to the right to non-discrimination
Authors: KONIUSH М. 
Published: August 2021

This article reveals the problem of the importance and necessity of modernization and adaptation of the right to non-discrimination in the era of Big data and automated data processing systems. A number of approaches that could potentially facilitate the solution of this problem is proposed, in particular with regard to pre- and post-processing of data. The concept of “code as law” is analyzed, which helps to understand the impact of digital technologies on discrimination and to find new ways to combat this phenomenon.
About the concept of the organizational and technical model of cyber defense
Authors: MANUILOV Y. 
Published: August 2021

The current threats to cyber security in modern conditions have been identified. The components of the functioning of the national cyber security system are regulated. The powers of the State Special Communications Service in the field of building effective cyber defense in the domestic territory are outlined. The directions of development of organizational and technical model of the national cyber defense system are detailed. The components of the organizational and technical model of cyber defense are generalized. The expediency of accelerating the approval at the state level of the Concept of the organizational and technical model of cyber defense has been updated.
Physical and Visual Evaluation of Filters for Direct Observation of the Sun and the International Standard ISO 12312-2:2015
Authors: Chou B. Ralph , Dain Stephen J. , Tresch Fienberg Richard 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We investigated the compliance of 43 commercially available solar filters (eclipse glasses) with the ISO 12312-2:2015 standard by measuring their spectral transmittances (280–2000 nm) and calculating their luminous, solar ultraviolet A, ultraviolet B, and infrared (IR) transmittances. We also evaluated the filters for usability by observing the full midday Sun and rating the view on a seven-point balanced scale, from “far too dark, details seen only with great difficulty” to “far too light, uncomfortable to view the Sun.” The mean ratings of two observers, one experienced and one inexperienced in solar observing, differed by 0.28 (95% confidence interval of the mean = 0.26). The inexperienced observer tended to be less accepting of high transmittances. All 43 solar filters complied with the UV and IR requirements. Eighteen filters passed the luminous transmittance requirements, and 24 were borderline too light or too dark. Seven of the 15 solar filters with a luminous transmittance darker than the requirement were rated as acceptable. One filter that passed and another that was borderline too light were rated as too light or far too light. The ISO 12312-2 limits derive from welding filter standards and do not represent an appropriate evidence base for direct solar viewing. This work provides the evidence base for a maximum 0.0012% and a minimum 0.00004% luminous transmittance for solar filters. The results of this study also support the use of welding filters between shades 12 and 16. Lighter welding filters are more acceptable than solar filters of the same luminous transmittance.
Toward the Gravitational Redshift Detection in NGC 4258 and the Estimation of Its Black Hole Mass-to-distance Ratio
Authors: Nucamendi Ulises , Herrera-Aguilar Alfredo , Lizardo-Castro Raúl , López-Cruz Omar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We construct from first principles a general relativistic approach to study Schwarzschild black hole (BH) rotation curves and estimate the mass-to-distance ratio of the active galactic nucleus of NGC 4258 in terms of astrophysical observable quantities. The presented method allows one to clearly distinguish and quantify the general and special relativistic contributions to the total redshift expression. The total relativistic redshift/blueshift comprises three components: the gravitational redshift due to the spacetime curvature generated by the mass of the BH in its vicinity, the kinematic shift, originated by the photons’ local Doppler effect, and the redshift due to a special relativistic boost that describes the motion of a galaxy from a distant observer. We apply our method to the largest data set of highly redshifted water megamaser measurements on the accretion disk of the NGC 4258 active galaxy and use this general relativistic method to estimate its BH mass-to-distance ratio: M/D = (0.5326 ± 0.00022) × 107
M
⊙ Mpc−1.
Analyser la construction du syntagme verbal avec des étudiants se préparant au professorat des écoles
Authors: Sardier Anne , Vergne Dominique 
Published: August 2021

Parmi les notions problématiques en grammaire abordées avec les futurs enseignants de l’école élémentaire figurent les questions relatives à la syntaxe du verbe, pour mieux comprendre les interrogations des élèves lors des séances d’étude de la langue. Comment alors permettre à ces étudiants de mieux appréhender ce constituant grammatical ? Après avoir redéfini la syntaxe du verbe, notamment au vu du problème du figement, l’étude analyse le recours aux manipulations syntaxiques mobilisées pour comprendre le fonctionnement des constituants de la phrase. De là, l’étude propose à trois groupes d’étudiants un dispositif partant de leurs représentations grammaticales pour les enrichir de stratégies efficientes. Après un prétest, l’analyse s’engage dans une réflexion relative à l’exercice des manipulations syntaxiques, à partir d’un posttest qui évalue les effets du dispositif. Les réponses des étudiants montrent qu’utiliser différentes manipulations enrichit leurs raisonnements grammaticaux. Les trois quarts d’entre eux perçoivent les constituants de la phrase dans une perspective syntactico-sémantique, en exerçant des opérations syntaxiques judicieusement sélectionnées. Pour un quart cependant, les manipulations sont inopérantes, une approche de type actanciel pourrait alors leur être proposée dans une programmation en grammaire.
« Je cours après une ombre » ou la hantise du personnage secondaire
Authors: Mercier Andrée , Pearson Simon 
Published: August 2021

Les œuvres étudiées dans le cadre de cet article ( Dora Bruder , Une femme invisible , La femme qui fuit et Un livre sur Mélanie Cabay ) vouent une véritable fascination à un être de second ordre, dont l’existence, bien qu’attestée, s’est déroulée de façon discrète. Postulant que ces personnes de l’ombre partagent le statut du personnage secondaire, « qualitativement mineur et quantitativement inférieur », il s’agit de voir comment l’ontologie fictionnelle, les fonctions narratives et les potentialités sémantiques du personnage secondaire peuvent contribuer à éclairer le traitement littéraire des êtres mineurs qui peuplent une part non négligeable de l’imaginaire contemporain.
La circulation des artistes de ballet entre Paris et Saint-Pétersbourg à l’époque romantique (1830-1850)
Authors: Zhiltsova Maria 
Published: August 2021

À l’époque romantique, la plupart des artistes de la danse font des carrières internationales. Il existe des itinéraires paradigmatiques construits entre différentes capitales culturelles où Paris et Saint-Pétersbourg constituent des pôles de première importance. Au cours des années 1840-1850 le schéma de circulation des artistes de ballet entre Paris et Saint-Pétersbourg subit un changement important : si le règne des artistes étrangères continue à s’affirmer sur la scène russe, les danseuses russes commencent à leur tour à sortir progressivement sur la scène européenne. Suivant leur talent et leurs ambitions, les danseurs, les danseuses et les chorégraphes organisent de nouvelle façon leur parcours professionnel entre France et Russie, dans un jeu complexe d’allers et retours.
Emma Livry brûlée à l’Opéra, un événement médiatique et judiciaire (1862-1875)
Authors: d’Arcy Chloé 
Published: August 2021

Quand le costume d’Emma Livry s’enflamme sur la scène de l’Opéra de Paris en 1862, les journaux s’empressent de relater l’événement puis la longue agonie de la victime. À sa mort, le fait divers laisse place à la mythographie, narrant le destin de la jeune danseuse vertueuse et prometteuse disparue prématurément. Cet article s’intéresse à la construction littéraire de la vedette et, au-delà, au risque majeur qu’est le feu pour les théâtres au xix e siècle. En dépit des accidents fréquents, touchant particulièrement des artistes femmes, les mesures prises pour éviter les incendies se révèlent souvent insuffisantes et la responsabilité des administrations rarement reconnue devant la justice.
Bilateral Refractive Lens Exchange With Trifocal Intraocular Lens for Hyperopia in Patients Younger Than 40 Years: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Djodeyre Mohammad Reza , Ortega-Usobiaga Julio , Beltran Jaime , Druchkiv Vasyl , Baviera-Sabater Julio , Bouza-Miguens Carmen 
Published: August 2021

PURPOSE:
To evaluate visual outcomes, satisfaction, and spectacle independence in non-presbyopic hyperopic patients who underwent bilateral refractive lens exchange with a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) and to compare them with presbyopic hyperopic patients.

METHODS:
In this retrospective study, patients younger than 40 years underwent bilateral refractive lens exchange with a diffractive trifocal IOL (FineVision Micro F; PhysIOL SA) for hyperopia with at least 3 months of follow-up. A control group of patients older than 50 years was matched by axial length, sex, and follow-up. Safety, efficacy, predictability, patient satisfaction, and spectacle independence were evaluated.

RESULTS:

One hundred thirty-three patients (average age = 36.94 ± 2.91 years; range = 21.50 to 40 years) were included in this study. After a mean follow-up of 8.83 ± 5.69 months (range = 2.75 to 77.63 months), the safety and efficacy indexes and predictability within ±1.00 diopters (D) were 1.02%, 0.98%, and 99.62%, respectively, which was not different from the control group (
P
> .05). No intraoperative complications were recorded. The only postoperative complication was posterior capsule opacification in 21 eyes (7.89%), which was similar to the control group (
P
> .05). Ninety-seven percent of patients in each group expressed that they were satisfied and all of them in each group reported that they did not use spectacles for distance, intermediate, or near vision.

CONCLUSIONS:
Refractive lens exchange and trifocal IOL implantation for hyperopia in patients without presbyopia provided the same good visual outcomes as in presbyopic patients with a high rate of patient satisfaction and spectacle independence.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(8):524–531.]
Changes in Optical Quality Induced by Tilt and Decentration of a Trifocal IOL and a Novel Extended Depth of Focus IOL in Eyes With Corneal Myopic Ablations
Authors: Ruiz-Alcocer Javier , Martínez-Alberquilla Irene , Rementería-Capelo Laureano A. , De Gracia Pablo , Lorente-Velázquez Amalia 
Published: August 2021

PURPOSE:
To assess the effect of decentration and tilt combined with prior myopic ablations on the optical performance of a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) and a novel IOL with an extended depth of focus (EDOF) design.

METHODS:
The XACT Mono-EDOF ME4 (Santen Pharmaceutical Co Ltd) and the trifocal FineVision (PhysIOL) IOLs were analyzed with and without simulated previous myopic ablations. The optical quality of the IOLs was evaluated with the PMTF optical bench (LAMBDA-X). The through-focus modulation transfer function (MTF) curves were recorded. Measurements were done for three situations: centered, 0.4 mm decentered, and 4 degrees tilted.

RESULTS:
The trifocal IOL showed three peaks of vision and the EDOF IOL showed a far distance peak with intermediate addition. When decentration or tilt were induced, the trifocal IOL showed negligible changes but the EDOF IOL showed a −0.50 diopters (D) shift of the overall curve. With simulated myopic ablation, the trifocal IOL showed a -0.50 D shift of the curve. When tilt or decentration were also induced, the better optical results were found at −1.00 D. With myopic ablations, the EDOF IOL showed a −0.50 D shift of the optical quality and when decentration or tilt were then induced, negative shifts over −1.00 D were found.

CONCLUSIONS:
The trifocal IOL was less affected by mis-alignments. When myopic ablations were induced, both lenses decreased their optical quality and the effects of misalignments were higher. In patients who have undergone corneal myopic ablation procedures, proper alignment of the implanted IOL and obtaining effective emmetropia becomes even more critical.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(8):532–537.]