bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronary CT angiography-derived fractional flow reserve in-stable angina: association with recurrent chest pain
Authors: Tækker Madsen Kristian , Veien Karsten Tange , Larsen Pia , Husain Majed , Deibjerg Lone , Junker Anders , Kusk Martin Weber , Thomsen Kristian Korsgaard , Rohold Allan , Jensen Lisette Okkels , Sand Niels Peter Rønnow 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) and recurrent chest pain (CP) at 1-year follow-up in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP).

Methods and results
Study of patients (n = 267) with SAP who underwent CCTA and FFRCT testing; 236 (88%) underwent invasive coronary angiography; and 87 (33%) were revascularized. Symptomatic status at 1-year follow-up was gathered by a structured interview. Three different FFRCT algorithms were applied using the following criteria for abnormality: (i) 2 cm-FFRCT ≤0.80; (ii) d-FFRCT ≤0.80; and (iii) a combination in which both a d-FFRCT ≤0.80 and a ΔFFRCT ≥0.06 must be present in the same vessel (c-FFRCT). Patients were classified into two groups based on the FFRCT test result and revascularization: completely revascularized/normal (CRN), patients in whom all coronary arteries with an abnormal FFRCT test result were revascularized or patients with completely normal FFRCT test results, and incompletely revascularized (IR), patients in whom ≥1 coronary artery with an abnormal FFRCT test result was not revascularized. Recurrent CP was present in 62 (23%) patients. Classification of patients (CRN or IR) was significantly associated with recurrent CP for all applied FFRCT interpretation algorithms. When applying the c-FFRCT algorithm, the association with recurrent CP was found, irrespective of the extent of coronary calcification and the degree of coronary stenosis. A negative association between per-patient minimal d-FFRCT and recurrent CP was demonstrated, P &lt; 0.005.

Conclusion
An abnormal FFRCT test result is associated with an increased risk of recurrent CP in patients with new-onset SAP.
Motivational dynamics in learning English in Second Life
Authors: Kruk Mariusz 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In countries in which opportunities to use a foreign language are mostly limited to the language classroom, teachers and students need to seek occasions to practice it. Luckily for them, virtual worlds provide many ways of practicing the language they study and communicate with many target language speakers. This paper reports a study that investigated changes in motivational dynamics and factors contributing to changes in the levels of motivation as reported by two advanced learners of English. They were asked to use the virtual world Second Life after classes and practice English. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data revealed changes in intensity of motivation and several factors responsible for them. On that basis, some guidelines for increasing motivation in the context of virtual worlds are offered.
Studying Youth’ Group Identities, Intergroup Relations, and Friendship Networks: The Friendship and Identity in School Data
Authors: Leszczensky Lars , Pink Sebastian , Kretschmer David , Kalter Frank 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis data brief introduces the Friendship and Identity in School (FIS) dataset. The FIS data are school-based longitudinal social network data, which have become increasingly important in recent years. Including information on 2,500 adolescents in nine secondary schools in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, the FIS data have four important key features that make them uniquely suited for studying the co-evolution of friendship networks and group identities or other time-varying individual characteristics. Specifically, the data include (i) fine-grained multidimensional measures of youth’ ethnic, national, and religious identities, (ii) comparatively large social networks that span multiple classrooms, (iii) up to six waves over four and a half years, and (iv) an ethnoreligiously diverse sample. Besides friendship and identity, the data include other network dimensions such as romantic relations or dislike as well as repeated measurements of various individual attributes ranging from perceived discrimination over intergroup attitudes and religion to leisure time activities and students’ perceptions of parents’ identities and attitudes. In combination, the FIS data provide rich longitudinal information that allows researchers to study the development, change, and interplay of youth’ group identities and friendship networks as well as broader questions concerning intergroup relations, network formation, and peer influence.
Reciprocal association between voting and the epidemic spread of COVID-19: observational and dynamic modeling study
Authors: Zeitoun Jean-David , Faron Matthieu , Manternach Sylvain , Fourquet Jérôme , Lavielle Marc , Lefèvre Jérémie H 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Whether voting is a risk factor for epidemic spread is unknown. Reciprocally, whether an epidemic can deter citizens from voting has not been often studied. We aimed to investigate such relationships for France during the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) epidemic.

Methods
We performed an observational study and dynamic modelling using a sigmoidal mixed effects model. All hospitals with COVID-19 patients were included (18 March 2020–17 April 2020). Abstention rate of a concomitant national election was collected.

Results
Mean abstention rate in 2020 among departments was 52.5% ± 6.4% and had increased by a mean of 18.8% as compared with the 2014 election. There was a high degree of similarity of abstention between the two elections among the departments (P &lt; 0.001). Among departments with a high outbreak intensity, those with a higher participation were not affected by significantly higher COVID-19 admissions after the elections. The sigmoidal model fitted the data from the different departments with a high degree of consistency. The covariate analysis showed that a significant association between participation and number of admitted patients was observed for both elections (2020: β = –5.36, P &lt; 1e−9 and 2014: β = –3.15, P &lt; 1e−6) contradicting a direct specific causation of the 2020 election. Participation was not associated with the position of the inflexion point suggesting no effect in the speed of spread.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the surrounding intensity of the COVID-19 epidemic in France did not have any local impact on participation to a national election. The level of participation had no impact on the spread of the pandemic.
Dual transcriptomic analysis reveals metabolic changes associated with differential persistence of human pathogenic bacteria in leaves of Arabidopsis and lettuce
Authors: Jacob Cristián , Velásquez André C , Josh Nikhil A , Settles Matthew , He Sheng Yang , Melotto Maeli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the molecular determinants underlying the interaction between the leaf and human pathogenic bacteria is key to provide the foundation to develop science-based strategies to prevent or decrease the pathogen contamination of leafy greens. In this study, we conducted a dual RNA-sequencing analysis to simultaneously define changes in the transcriptomic profiles of the plant and the bacterium when they come in contact. We used an economically relevant vegetable crop, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cultivar Salinas), and a model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0, as well as two pathogenic bacterial strains that cause disease outbreaks associated with fresh produce, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 14028s (STm 14028s). We observed commonalities and specificities in the modulation of biological processes between Arabidopsis and lettuce and between O157:H7 and STm 14028s during early stages of the interaction. We detected a larger alteration of gene expression at the whole transcriptome level in lettuce and Arabidopsis at 24 h post inoculation with STm 14028s compared to that with O157:H7. In addition, bacterial transcriptomic adjustments were substantially larger in Arabidopsis than in lettuce. Bacterial transcriptome was affected at a larger extent in the first 4 h compared to the subsequent 20 h after inoculation. Overall, we gained valuable knowledge about the responses and counter-responses of both bacterial pathogen and plant host when these bacteria are residing in the leaf intercellular space. These findings and the public genomic resources generated in this study are valuable for additional data mining.
Patient-reported quality of life after stand-alone and concomitant arrhythmia surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Maesen Bart , van der Heijden Claudia A J , Bidar Elham , Vos Rein , Athanasiou Thanos , Maessen Jos G 
Published: September 2021

Abstract OBJECTIVESPatient-reported quality of life (QOL) has become an important endpoint for arrhythmia surgery for atrial fibrillation (AF). While studies specifically evaluating the effect of arrhythmia surgery on QOL are scarce, we aimed to summarize current evidence of QOL following concomitant and stand-alone arrhythmia surgery for AF.METHODSAll studies reporting on QOL using questionnaires from patients undergoing arrhythmia surgery for AF, both stand-alone and concomitant, were included in this systematic review. A meta-analysis was performed on inter-study heterogeneity of changes in QOL on 9 of 12 included studies that used the Short-Form 36 tool and meta-regression based on rhythm outcome after 1 year was executed. Finally, differences in QOL following stand-alone arrhythmia surgery and concomitant procedures were evaluated.RESULTSOverall, QOL scores improved 1 year after surgical ablation for AF evaluated by several questionnaires. In stand-alone arrhythmia procedures, meta-regression showed significant improvements in those who were in sinus rhythm compared to those in AF after 1 year. This association between an improved QOL and the procedural effectiveness was also suggested in concomitant procedures. However, when comparing QOL of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with and without add-on surgical ablation for AF, only the variable ‘physical role’ demonstrated a significant improvement.CONCLUSIONSIn patients with AF, QOL improves after both stand-alone and concomitant arrhythmia surgery. In the concomitant group, this improvement can be attributed to both the cardiac procedure itself as well as the add-on arrhythmia surgery. However, both in stand-alone and concomitant procedures, the improvement in QOL seems to be related to the effectiveness of the procedure to maintain sinus rhythm after 12 months.
Coronavirus disease patients’ views and experiences of pharmaceutical care services in Lebanon
Authors: Mukattash Tareq L , Jarab Anan S , Al-Qerem Walid , Abu Farha Rana K , Itani Rania , Karout Samar , Mukattash Ibrahim L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to explore the experiences and views of domiciliary coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients towards pharmaceutical care services provided during their infection.

Methods
This was a single-centred observational study conducted among home-treated COVID-19 patients (n = 500), who were tested positive for COVID-19 in a medical centre in Lebanon.

Key findings
Out of the 500 home-treated COVID-19 patients invited to participate in the study, 279 patients completed the questionnaire. Although the participants had a good view of pharmacists caring for COVID-19 patients (mean view score: 17.79/25), their treatment experiences were unsatisfactory (mean experience score: 1.51/4).

Conclusions
COVID-19 patients reported minimal involvement of pharmacists in their treatment. Therefore, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare authorities should intervene in restructuring, guiding and reviewing unrealized new pharmaceutical services to COVID-19 outpatients.
Determining the Impact of Migration on Labour Markets: The Mediating Role of Legal Institutions
Authors: Dias-Abey Manoj 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Critics of migration often claim that migrant workers displace local workers from jobs and apply downward pressure on wages. This article begins from the premise that it is impossible to understand the impact of migrant workers on labour markets without considering the functioning of law. Drawing on a reconstructed version of legal institutionalism, one that attends to the structuring influences of capitalist political economy and racism, this article considers the mediating role played by labour market institutions, such as collective bargaining and the contract of employment. An analysis of the historiography of migration to the UK since 1945 shows that labour market institutions have played a key role in influencing the inflow of migrant workers as well as the method of their incorporation into the labour market. In turn, migrant workers have intensified dynamics in the labour market that legal institutions have helped create, such as labour market segmentation. Migrant workers have also impacted the legal institutions themselves, either by being crucial actors in the creation of new legal institutions or by shaping the operation of existing ones.
Effects of bismuth subsalicylate and encapsulated calcium-ammonium nitrate on feedlot beef cattle production
Authors: Mejia-Turcios Sebastian E , Osorio-Doblado Andrea M , Ciriaco Francine M , Urso Phil M , Araujo Rafael C , Woerner Dale R , Johnson Bradley J , Dubeux Jose C B , Sarturi Jhones O , DiLorenzo Nicolas , Henry Darren D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Two experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) and calcium-ammonium nitrate (CAN) on in vitro ruminal fermentation, growth, apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients, liver mineral concentration, and carcass quality of beef cattle. In Exp. 1, four ruminally cannulated steers (520 ± 30 kg body weight [BW]) were used as donors to perform a batch culture and an in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) procedure. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with factors being BSS (0 or 0.33% of substrate dry matter [DM]) and CAN (0 or 2.22% of substrate DM). In Exp. 2, 200 Angus-crossbred steers (385 ± 27 kg BW) were blocked by BW and allocated to 50 pens (4 steers/pen) in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of treatments. Factors included BSS (0 or 0.33% of the diet DM) and nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) source (urea or encapsulated CAN [eCAN] included at 0.68% or 2.0% of the diet, respectively) with 0.28% ruminally available S (RAS). A low S diet was included as a positive control containing urea (0.68% of DM) and 0.14% RAS. For Exp. 1, data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with the fixed effects of BSS, CAN, BSS × CAN, and the random effect of donor. For Exp. 2, the MIXED procedure of SAS was used for continuous variables and the GLIMMIX procedure for categorical data. For Exp. 1, no differences (P &gt; 0.230) were observed for IVOMD. There was a tendency (P = 0.055) for an interaction regarding H2S production. Acetate:propionate increased (P = 0.003) with the addition of CAN. In Exp. 2, there was a NPN source effect (P = 0.032) where steers consuming urea had greater carcass-adjusted final shrunk BW than those consuming eCAN. Intake of DM (P &lt; 0.001) and carcass-adjusted average daily gain (P = 0.024) were reduced by eCAN; however, it did not affect (P = 0.650) carcass-adjusted feed efficiency. Steers consuming urea had greater (P = 0.032) hot carcass weight, and a BSS × NPN interaction (P = 0.019) was observed on calculated yield grade. Apparent absorption of S decreased (P &lt; 0.001) with the addition of BSS. Final liver Cu concentration was reduced (P = 0.042) by 58% in cattle fed BSS, indicating that BSS may decrease Cu absorption and storage in the liver. The results observed in this experiment indicate that BSS does not have negative effects on feedlot steer performance, whereas CAN may hinder performance of steers fed finishing diets.
Arctic fox winter dietary response to damped lemming cycles estimated from fecal DNA
Authors: Dudenhoeffer Megan , Roth James D , Johnson Lucy K , Petersen Stephen D 
Published: September 2021

AbstractClimate-caused changes in prey abundance may alter predator–prey dynamics in the Arctic food web. Lemmings (Dicrostonyx spp.) are important prey for Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) and their annual population fluctuations drive fox reproduction, creating strongly linked predator–prey population cycles. Winter diet directly impacts Arctic fox reproductive success, but winter prey diversity on the tundra is low. Strategies such as using the marine environment to scavenge seals have allowed Arctic foxes to persist during years of low lemming abundance. However, warming winters have decreased snowpack quality, preventing lemmings from reaching their previous high abundances, which may reduce their impact on predator dynamics. We investigated Arctic fox dietary response to lemming abundance by reconstructing Arctic fox winter diet in the low Arctic. Next-generation sequencing of fecal DNA, from samples (n = 627) collected at dens in winters of 2011–2018, identified prey both from terrestrial and marine environments. Despite lemming cycle damping, Arctic foxes still increased lemming consumption during years of higher lemming abundance. Alternative prey such as marine resources were consumed more during years of low lemming abundance, with up to 45% of samples containing marine resources in low lemming years. In addition, Arctic foxes consumed high proportions of meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus), which may represent a new alternative prey, suggesting climate change may be creating new foraging opportunities. Changes in prey abundance illustrate how climate-caused disturbances are altering Arctic food-web dynamics. Dietary flexibility and availability of alternative prey may become increasingly important for Arctic predators as the Arctic continues to change.
Materiality, Postcoloniality, and the Phenomenology of Mental Health
Authors: Nadadur Kannan Rajalakshmi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article approaches mental health of postcolonial bodies through the lens of colonial gender politics. Using postcolonial feminist writings on Hindu mythology as a starting point, I discuss how trauma has been imbibed into women’s bodies through concepts such as pativrata. This problematises our contemporary, uncritical understandings of the mind/body dichotomy posited by popular discourses on yoga, meditation, and other mindfulness techniques. Then, moving on to feminist writings on Indian indentured labour history and Bahujan communities, this article asserts that these traumas have continued throughout history, imbibing a mind/ body dichotomy textured by various forms of violence. I argue that these histories can neither be ignored nor completely overcome, and for a deeper engagement in mental health that is contextualised within these histories.
Inhibitory effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids alone or in combination with fluconazole on Candida krusei biofilms in vitro and in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Jamiu Abdullahi Temitope , Albertyn Jacobus , Sebolai Olihile , Gcilitshana Onele , Pohl Carolina H 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

The incidence of infections by non-albicans Candida species, including Candida krusei, is increasing. Candida krusei exhibits intrinsic resistance to fluconazole and rapidly develops acquired resistance to other antifungals. Moreover, this yeast can form biofilm with increased resistance. Hence, there is a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies to combat infections caused by this pathogen. One such approach is through combination therapy with natural compounds, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). This study aims to investigate the effect of PUFAs on fluconazole susceptibility of C. krusei biofilms, as well as the conserved nature of these effects in the Caenorhabditis elegans infection model. C. krusei biofilms were exposed to various fatty acids as well as combinations of fluconazole and linoleic acid (LA) or gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). The effect of these treatments on biofilm formation, cell ultrastructure, membrane integrity, oxidative stress and efflux pump activity was evaluated. In addition, the ability of the PUFAs to prolong survival and reduce the fungal burden of infected C. elegans, in the absence and presence of fluconazole, was assessed. Two PUFAs, LA and GLA had displayed significant inhibition of C. krusei biofilms and both of them increased the susceptibility of C. krusei biofilm to fluconazole in vitro via induction of oxidative stress, cell membrane damage, and disruption of efflux pump activity. These PUFAs also extended the lifespan of infected nematodes and displayed a potentiating effect with fluconazole in this model. This may pave the way for future studies into novel antifungal drug targets and treatment options.

Lay summary
The pathogenic yeast, Candida krusei, is naturally resistant to the antifungal drug, fluconazole. This study finds that polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic and gamma-linolenic acid, can inhibit C. krusei and overcome this resistance of in vitro biofilms, as well as in a nematode infection model.
Combined analysis of neutron star natal kicks using proper motions and parallax measurements for radio pulsars and Be X-ray binaries
Authors: Igoshev Andrei P , Chruslinska Martyna , Dorozsmai Andris , Toonen Silvia 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Supernova explosion and the associated neutron star (NS) natal kicks are important events on a pathway of a binary to become a gravitational wave source, an X-ray binary, or a millisecond radio pulsar. Weak natal kicks often lead to binary survival, while strong kicks frequently disrupt the binary. In this article, we aim to further constrain NS natal kicks in binaries. We explore binary population synthesis models by varying prescription for natal kick, remnant mass, and mass accretion efficiency. We introduce a robust statistical technique to analyse combined observations of different nature. Using this technique, we further test different models using parallax and proper motion measurements for young isolated radio pulsars and similar measurements for Galactic Be X-ray binaries (BeXs). Our best model for natal kicks is consistent with both measurements and contains a fraction of w = 0.2 ± 0.1 weak natal kicks with $\sigma _1 = 45^{+25}_{-15}$ km s−1, the remaining natal kicks are drawn from the high-velocity component, same as in previous works: σ2 = 336 km s−1. We found that currently used models for natal kicks of NSs produced by electron capture supernova (ecSN; combination of Maxwellian σ = 265 km s−1 and σ = 30 km s−1 for electron capture) are inconsistent or marginally consistent with parallaxes and proper motions measured for isolated radio pulsars. We suggest a new model for natal kicks of ecSN, which satisfy both observations of isolated radio pulsars and BeXs.