bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recombinant pseudorabies virus with gI/gE deletion generated by overlapping polymerase chain reaction and homologous recombination technology induces protection against the PRV variant PRV-GD2013
Authors: Li Wenhui , Zhuang Dijing , Li Hong , Zhao Mengpo , Zhu Erpeng , Xie Baoming , Chen Jinding , Zhao Mingqiu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Since 2011, numerous highly virulent and antigenic variant viral strains have been reported in pigs that were vaccinated against the swine pseudorabies virus. These infections have led to substantial economic losses in the Chinese swine industry.

Results
This study, constructed a novel recombinant vaccine strain with gI/gE deletion (PRV-GD2013-ΔgI/gE) by overlapping PCR and homologous recombination technology. The growth curves and plaque morphology of the recombinant virus were similar to those of the parental strain. However, PRV-GD2013-ΔgI/gE infection was significantly attenuated in mice compared with that of PRV-GD2013. Two-week-old piglets had normal rectal temperatures and displayed no clinical symptoms after being inoculated with 105 TCID50 PRV-GD2013-ΔgI/gE, indicating that the recombinant virus was avirulent in piglets. Piglets were immunized with different doses of PRV-GD2013-ΔgI/gE, or a single dose of Bartha-K61 or DMEM, and infected with PRV-GD2013 at 14 days post-vaccination. Piglets given high doses of PRV-GD2013-ΔgI/gE showed no obvious clinical symptoms, and their antibody levels were higher than those of other groups, indicating that the piglets were completely protected from PRV-GD2013.

Conclusions
The PRV-GD2013-ΔgI/gE vaccine strain could be effective for immunizing Chinese swine herds against the pseudorabies virus (PRV) strain.
Expanded noninvasive prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidy and copy number variations and parental willingness for invasive diagnosis in a cohort of 18,516 cases
Authors: Ge Yunsheng , Li Jia , Zhuang Jianlong , Zhang Jian , Huang Yanru , Tan Meihua , Li Wei , Chen Jiayan , Zhou Yulin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has been wildly used to screen for common aneuplodies. In recent years, the test has been expanded to detect rare autosomal aneuploidies (RATs) and copy number variations (CNVs). This study was performed to investigate the performance of expanded noninvasive prenatal testing (expanded NIPT) in screening for common trisomies, sex chromosomal aneuploidies (SCAs), rare autosomal aneuploidies (RATs), and copy number variations (CNVs) and parental willingness for invasive prenatal diagnosis in a Chinese prenatal diagnosis center.

Methods
A total of 24,702 pregnant women were retrospectively analyzed at the Women and Children’s Hospital from January 2013 to April 2019, among which expanded NIPT had been successfully conducted in 24,702 pregnant women. The high-risk expanded NIPT results were validated by karyotype analysis and chromosomal microarray analysis. All the tested pregnant women were followed up for pregnancy outcomes.

Results
Of the 24,702 cases, successful follow-up was conducted in 98.77% (401/446) of cases with common trisomies and SCAs, 91.95% (80/87) of RAT and CNV cases, and 76.25% (18,429/24,169) of cases with low-risk screening results. The sensitivity of expanded NIPT was 100% (95% confidence interval[CI], 97.38–100%), 96.67%(95%CI, 82.78–99.92%), and 100%(95%CI, 66.37–100.00%), and the specificity was 99.92%(95%CI, 99.87–99.96%), 99.96%(95%CI, 99.91–99.98%), and 99.88% (95%CI, 99.82–99.93%) for the detection of trisomies 21, 18, and 13, respectively. Expanded NIPT detected 45,X, 47,XXX, 47,XXY, XYY syndrome, RATs, and CNVs with positive predictive values of 25.49%, 75%, 94.12%, 76.19%, 6.45%, and 50%, respectively. The women carrying fetuses with Trisomy 21/Trisomy 18/Trisomy 13 underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis and terminated their pregnancies at higher rates than those at high risk for SCAs, RATs, and CNVs.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that the expanded NIPT detects fetal trisomies 21, 18, and 13 with high sensitivity and specificity. The accuracy of detecting SCAs, RATs, and CNVs is still relatively poor and needs to be improved. With a high-risk expanded NIPT result, the women at high risk for common trisomies are more likely to undergo invasive prenatal diagnosis procedures and terminate their pregnancies than those with unusual chromosome abnormalities.
CircPTPRA blocks the recognition of RNA N6-methyladenosine through interacting with IGF2BP1 to suppress bladder cancer progression
Authors: Xie Fei , Huang Chao , Liu Feng , Zhang Hui , Xiao Xingyuan , Sun Jiayin , Zhang Xiaoping , Jiang Guosong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to have significant impacts on bladder cancer (BC) progression through various mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to identify novel circRNAs that regulate the function of IGF2BP1, a key m6A reader, and explore the regulatory mechanisms and clinical significances in BC.

Methods
Firstly, the clinical role of IGF2BP1 in BC was studied. Then, RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-seq) analysis was performed to identify the circRNAs interacted with IGF2BP1 in BC cells. The overall biological roles of IGF2BP1 and the candidate circPTPRA were investigated in both BC cell lines and animal xenograft studies. Subsequently, we evaluated the regulation effects of circPTPRA on IGF2BP1 and screened out its target genes through RNA sequencing. Finally, we explored the underlying molecular mechanisms that circPTPRA might act as a blocker in recognition of m6A.

Results
We demonstrated that IGF2BP1 was predominantly binded with circPTPRA in the cytoplasm in BC cells. Ectopic expression of circPTPRA abolished the promotion of cell proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells induced by IGF2BP1. Importantly, circPTPRA downregulated IGF2BP1-regulation of MYC and FSCN1 expression via interacting with IGF2BP1. Moreover, the recognition of m6A-modified RNAs mediated by IGF2BP1 was partly disturbed by circPTPRA through its interaction with KH domains of IGF2BP1.

Conclusions
This study identifies exonic circular circPTPRA as a new tumor suppressor that inhibits cancer progression through endogenous blocking the recognition of IGF2BP1 to m6A-modified RNAs, indicating that circPTPRA may serve as an exploitable therapeutic target for patients with BC.
Association of gravity drainage and complications following Whipple: an analysis of the ACS-NSQIP targeted database
Authors: Hall Bradley R. , Egr Zachary H. , Krell Robert W. , Padussis James C. , Shostrom Valerie K. , Are Chandrakanth , Reames Bradley N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
The optimal type of operative drainage following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) remains unclear. Our objective is to investigate risk associated with closed drainage techniques (passive [gravity] vs. suction) after PD.

Methods
We assessed operative drainage techniques utilized in patients undergoing PD in the ACS-NSQIP pancreas-targeted database from 2016 to 2018. Using multivariable logistic regression to adjust for characteristics of the patient, procedure, and pancreas, we examined the association between use of gravity drainage and postoperative outcomes.

Results
We identified 9665 patients with drains following PD from 2016 to 2018, of which 12.7% received gravity drainage. 61.0% had a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma or pancreatitis, 26.5% had a duct <3 mm, and 43.5% had a soft or intermediate gland. After multivariable adjustment, gravity drainage was associated with decreased rates of postoperative pancreatic fistula (odds ratio [OR] 0.779, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.653–0.930, p=0.006), delayed gastric emptying (OR 0.830, 95% CI 0.693–0.988, p=0.036), superficial SSI (OR 0.741, 95% CI 0.572–0.959, p=0.023), organ space SSI (OR 0.791, 95% CI 0.658–0.951, p=0.012), and readmission (OR 0.807, 95% CI 0.679–0.958, p=0.014) following PD.

Conclusions
Gravity drainage is independently associated with decreased rates of CR-POPF, DGE, SSI, and readmission following PD. Additional prospective research is necessary to better understand the preferred drainage technique following PD.
The prevention of – and first response to – injuries in Nepal: a review of policies and legislation
Authors: Pant Puspa Raj , Mytton Julie , Dharel Milan Raj , Dangi Amrit , Rai Writu Bhatta , Joshi Sunil Kumar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundInjuries, the cause of an estimated 4.5 million deaths annually and many more disabilities worldwide each year, are the predictable outcome of particular circumstances. One of the most effective ways to prevent injuries is through policy and legislation. The aim of this research study was to identify and critically review all policy and legislation in Nepal that had the potential to prevent injuries.MethodsWe identified legislation and policy that met inclusion criteria through a stakeholder meeting, networks and contacts, and websites and electronic resources. Each included document was critically reviewed to identify areas of strength and opportunities for improvement. We compared the included documents against WHO’s recommendations of known effective interventions.ResultsSixty-two documents met the inclusion criteria for this review. Of these, 24 (38.7%) were exclusively related to road injuries, 11 (17.7%) to occupational injuries, 6 (9.7%) to injuries in the home and 5 (8.1%) to injuries at school; 30 (48.4%) documents included text related to the first response to injuries. Of 127 strategic recommendations by WHO that provided an area for policy or legislative focus, 21 (16.5%) were considered adequately met by Nepali policy and legislation, 43 (33.9%) were considered partially met and 63 (49.6%) were not met.ConclusionWe drew five conclusions from this critical policy review, which we have related to recommendations as follows: widening the scope of legislation and policy for injury prevention to emphasize injuries occurring at home or school; addressing the causes of injuries and promoting proven preventive measures; greater clarity on both individual and institutional roles and responsibilities; trustworthy data and quality evidence to inform decision-making; and financial investment and capacity-strengthening for injury prevention and first response. The current system of federal governance in Nepal has potential for strengthening injury prevention and first response at the central, provincial and local levels.
TNF-α acutely enhances acid-sensing ion channel currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons via a p38 MAPK pathway
Authors: Wei Shuang , Qiu Chun-Yu , Jin Ying , Liu Ting-Ting , Hu Wang-Ping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in pain processing and hypersensitivity. It regulates not only the expression of a variety of inflammatory mediators but also the functional activity of some ion channels. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), as key sensors for extracellular protons, are expressed in nociceptive sensory neurons and contribute to pain signaling caused by tissue acidosis. It is still unclear whether TNF-α has an effect on functional activity of ASICs. Herein, we reported that a brief exposure of TNF-α acutely sensitized ASICs in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.

Methods
Electrophysiological experiments on rat DRG neurons were performed in vitro and acetic acid induced nociceptive behavior quantified in vitro.

Results
A brief (5min) application of TNF-α rapidly enhanced ASIC-mediated currents in rat DRG neurons. TNF-α (0.1-10 ng/ml) dose-dependently increased the proton-evoked ASIC currents with an EC50 value of 0.12 ± 0.01 nM. TNF-α shifted the concentration-response curve of proton upwards with a maximal current response increase of 42.34 ± 7.89%. In current-clamp recording, an acute application of TNF-α also significantly increased acid-evoked firing in rat DRG neurons. The rapid enhancement of ASIC-mediated electrophysiological activity by TNF-α was prevented by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB202190, but not by non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, suggesting that p38 MAPK is necessary for this enhancement. Behaviorally, TNF-α exacerbated acid-induced nociceptive behaviors in rats via activation of local p38 MAPK pathway.

Conclusions
These results suggest that TNF-α rapidly enhanced ASIC-mediated functional activity via a p38 MAPK pathway, which revealed a novel peripheral mechanism underlying TNF-α involvement in rapid hyperalgesia by sensitizing ASICs in primary sensory neurons.
Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a combined virtual reality, robotics and electrical stimulation intervention in upper extremity stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Norouzi-Gheidari Nahid , Archambault Philippe S. , Monte-Silva Katia , Kairy Dahlia , Sveistrup Heidi , Trivino Michael , Levin Mindy F. , Milot Marie-Hélène 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 80% of individuals with chronic stroke present with long lasting upper extremity (UE) impairments. We designed the perSonalized UPper Extremity Rehabilitation (SUPER) intervention, which combines robotics, virtual reality activities, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). The objectives of our study were to determine the feasibility and the preliminary efficacy of the SUPER intervention in individuals with moderate/severe stroke.MethodsStroke participants (n = 28) received a 4-week intervention (3 × per week), tailored to their functional level. The functional integrity of the corticospinal tract was assessed using the Predict Recovery Potential algorithm, involving measurements of motor evoked potentials and manual muscle testing. Those with low potential for hand recovery (shoulder group; n = 18) received a robotic-rehabilitation intervention focusing on elbow and shoulder movements only. Those with a good potential for hand recovery (hand group; n = 10) received EMG-triggered NMES, in addition to robot therapy. The primary outcomes were the Fugl-Meyer UE assessment and the ABILHAND assessment. Secondary outcomes included the Motor Activity Log and the Stroke Impact Scale.ResultsEighteen participants (64%), in either the hand or the shoulder group, showed changes in the Fugl-Meyer UE or in the ABILHAND assessment superior to the minimal clinically important difference.ConclusionsThis indicates that our personalized approach is feasible and may be beneficial in improving UE function in individuals with moderate to severe impairments due to stroke.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03903770. Registered 4 April 2019. Registered retrospectively.
The use of game modes to promote engagement and social involvement in multi-user serious games: a within-person randomized trial with stroke survivors
Authors: Pereira Fábio , Bermúdez i Badia Sergi , Jorge Carolina , Cameirão Mónica S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundSerious games are promising for stroke rehabilitation, with studies showing a positive impact on reducing motor and cognitive deficits. However, most of the evidence is in the context of single-user rehabilitation, and little is known concerning the impact in multi-user settings. This study evaluates the impact that different game modes can have on engagement and social involvement during a two-user game. Specifically, we want to understand the benefits of game modalities based on competition, co-activation, and collaboration and analyze the influence of different motor and cognitive deficits and personality traits.MethodsWe developed a two-player setup—using tangible objects and a large screen interactive table—for upper limb rehabilitation purposes. We implemented a game that, while keeping the same basic mechanics, can be played in the three different modes (Competitive, Co-active, and Collaborative). We ran a within-person randomized study with 21 stroke survivors that were paired and played the game in its three versions. We used the Game Experience Questionnaire—Core Module to assess engagement and the Social Presence Module to assess Social Involvement. For personality, motor, and cognitive function, users answered the International Personality Item Pool (short version), Fugl-Meyer Assessment—Upper Extremity, Modified Ashworth Scale, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, respectively.ResultsThe Collaborative mode promoted significantly more Behavioral Involvement. The Competitive mode promoted more Flow and Challenge than the Co-active mode with participants with better cognitive performance, with low extraversion, or with higher motor skills. Participants with higher cognitive deficits reported more Competence with the Co-active mode.ConclusionsOur results indicate that, for multi-user motor rehabilitation settings, the collaborative mode is the more appropriate gaming approach to promote social involvement, showing a high potential for increasing adherence and effectiveness of therapy. Additionally, we show that a player's motor and cognitive ability and personality should be considered when designing personalized tasks for multiplayer settings.
Why is repositioning public health innovation towards a social paradigm necessary? A reflection on the field of public health through the examples of Ebola and Covid-19
Authors: Niang Marietou , Dupéré Sophie , Alami Hassane , Gagnon Marie-Pierre 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHealth innovations are generally oriented on a techno-economic vision. In this perspective, technologies are seen as an end in themselves, and there is no arrangement between the technical and the social values of innovation. This vision prevails in sanitary crises, in which management is carried out based on the search for punctual, reactive, and technical solutions to remedy a specific problem without a systemic/holistic, sustainable, or proactive approach. This paper attempts to contribute to the literature on the epistemological orientation of innovations in the field of public health. Taking the Covid-19 and Ebola crises as examples, the primary objective is to show how innovation in health is oriented towards a techno-economic paradigm. Second, we propose a repositioning of public health innovation towards a social paradigm that will put more emphasis on the interaction between social and health dimensions in the perspective of social change. We will conclude by highlighting the roles that public health could play in allowing innovations to have more social value, especially during sanitary crises.
A modified anterior drawer test for anterior cruciate ligament ruptures
Authors: Zhao Guang-lei , Lyu Jin-yang , Liu Chang-quan , Wu Jian-guo , Xia Jun , Huang Gang-yong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study was aimed to utilize a modified anterior drawer test (MADT) to detect the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures and investigate its accuracy compares with three traditional tests.MethodsFour hundred patients were prospectively enrolled between January 2015 and September 2017 preoperatively to undergo knee arthroscopic surgeries. The MADT, anterior drawer test, Lachman test, and pivot shift test were used in the outpatient clinical setting and were compared statistically for their accuracy in terms of ACL ruptures, with arthroscopic findings as the gold standard.ResultsThe prevalence of ACL ruptures in this study was 37.0%. The MADT demonstrated the highest sensitivity (0.89) and accuracy (0.92) among the four tests and had comparable specificity (0.94) and a positive predictive value (0.90) compared with the anterior drawer test, Lachman test, and pivot shift test. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of MADT was 122.92, with other test values of no more than 55.45. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the MADT was 0.92 ± 0.01, with a significant difference compared with that for the anterior drawer test (z= 17.00,p< 0.001), Lachman test (z= 9.66,p= 0.002), and pivot shift test (z = 16.39,p< 0.001). The interobserver reproducibility of the MADT was good, with a kappa coefficient of 0.86.When diagnosing partial tears of ACL, the MADT was significantly more sensitive than the anterior drawer test (p< 0.001), Lachman test (p= 0.026), and pivot shift test (p= 0.013). The MADT showed similar sensitivity in detecting anteromedial and posterolateral bundle tears (p= 0.113) and no difference in diagnosing acute and chronic ACL ruptures (χ2= 1.682,p= 0.195).ConclusionsThe MADT is also an alternative diagnostic test to detect ACL tear, which is equally superior to the anterior drawer test, Lachman test, and pivot shifting test. It could improve the diagnosis of ACL ruptures combined with other clinical information including injury history, clinical examination, and radiological findings.Levels of evidenceLevel II/observational diagnostic studiesTrial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry.ChiCTR1900022945/retrospectively registered
Efficacy of computed tomography-assisted limited decompression in the surgical management of thoracolumbar fractures with neurological deficit
Authors: Shi Landa , Chou Dean , Wang Yuqiang , Alizada Mirwais , Liu Yilin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the effect of CT-assisted limited decompression in managing single segment A3 lumbar burst fracture.

Method
A retrospective study (January 2015–June, 2019). One hundred six cases with single-level Magerl type A3 lumbar burst fractures treated with short-segment posterior internal fixation and limited decompression. Patients were divided into two groups: CT-assisted group and non-CT-assisted group. Perioperative factors, clinical outcomes, post-operative complications, imaging parameters, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were evaluated.

Results
Kyphosis, loss of anterior and posterior vertebral body heights, operative time, and post-operative complications were not significantly different between the two groups. The visual analog score (VAS) and spinal canal encroachment in the CT-assisted group were lower compared with the non-CT-assisted group (p < 0.05). The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, the simplified HRQoL scale, and the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Spinal Cord Injury Grade in the CT-assisted group were significantly higher compared with the non-CT-assisted group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
CT-assisted limited decompression in the treatment of single-segment A3 lumbar burst fracture can achieve better fracture reduction and surgical results and improve the long-term recovery of the patients’ neurological function and quality of life.