bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of surgical checklist during transurethral resection increases detrusor muscle collection rate and improves recurrence‐free survival in patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Taoka Rikiya , Tsunemori Hiroyuki , Matsuoka Yuki , Kohashiguchi Kana , Miura Takayoshi , Tohi Yoichiro , Miyauchi Yasuyuki , Kato Takuma , Ueda Nobufumi , Sugimoto Mikio 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo elucidate the therapeutic benefits of using a surgical checklist during transurethral resection for non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer.MethodsA nine‐item surgical checklist was established in January 2016 to assess disease risk and resection adequacy, and it was prospectively implemented into clinical practice. Patients diagnosed with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer who underwent complete resection from January 2009 to August 2019 were included in this study. The presence of detrusor muscle in the transurethral resection specimen and the intravesical recurrence‐free survival were compared between patients who underwent transurethral resection before and after surgical checklist implementation.ResultsA total of 125 patients who underwent transurethral resection after surgical checklist implementation were reviewed and compared with 125 patients who underwent transurethral resection before surgical checklist implementation. The use of the surgical checklist led to an increase in the proportion of transurethral resection specimens containing detrusor muscle (92% vs 69.6%, P < 0.01) and a decrease in the recurrence rate (19.2% vs 49.6%, P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that transurethral resection without a surgical checklist was an independent predictive factor influencing the absence of detrusor muscle in the transurethral resection specimen (odds ratio 4.78, P < 0.01) and intravesical recurrence (hazard ratio 1.92, 95% confidence interval 1.14–3.23; P = 0.01). Kaplan–Meier plots showed that the recurrence‐free survival rate was significantly lower when the surgical checklist was not used (log‐rank test result P < 0.01).ConclusionsThis study shows the therapeutic benefits of surgical checklist in improving the quality of resection during transurethral resection and reducing the recurrence rate in patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer.
Addressing work‐life balance challenges of working women during COVID‐19 in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Mahi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWorking women face various challenges regarding work‐family balance due to societal, cultural, family, and gender norms. These challenges have become more difficult since the emergence of COVID‐19 worldwide. This qualitative research addresses work‐family issues of working women in the distinct Bangladeshi socio‐cultural context. Guided by a thematic analysis, this study explores various driving forces and challenges faced by working women, and strategies adopted by women to manage work‐family obligations. The findings reveal flexibility and homeworking, family and spousal support, and organisational support as key driving forces for women's work‐life balance during the COVID‐19. Lack of available time, socio‐cultural and family norms, and gender stereotypes are key challenges women face in a Muslim patriarchal societal context. Effective time management, stress management, keeping husbands and family members happy, sustainable management of professional and personal lives, and listing out priorities are useful techniques women adopt to integrate work‐family commitments. The findings provide potential solutions for women to effectively manage work‐family responsibilities in a patriarchal societal context.
Early‐ And late‐waterlogging differentially affect the yield of wheat, barley, oilseed rape and field pea through changes in leaf area index, radiation interception and radiation use efficiency
Authors: Ploschuk Rocio Antonella , Miralles Daniel Julio , Striker Gustavo Gabriel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWaterlogging is a severe stress that constrains crop production. We studied ecophysiological traits related to waterlogging tolerance in wheat, barley oilseed rape and field pea. Outdoor experiments using canopies of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and field pea (Pisum sativum L.) were subjected to a 14‐day‐waterlogging at early (vegetative) or late (reproductive) stages and a non‐waterlogged treatment (as control). Leaf area index (LAI), radiation interception, radiation use efficiency (RUE) and aerial dry matter were monitored along the life‐cycle; quantifying yield and its components at maturity. Wheat was able to withstand waterlogging, with similar yields than controls. Barley showed no differences in yield at early stage, but late‐waterlogging resulted in 64%–66% lower yield owing to fewer spikes/m2 and poor recovery of radiation interception and RUE. Oilseed rape showed yield penalization due to waterlogging, but responses differed from 17%–30% to 42%–69% for early and late stages, respectively; due to the limited ability to restore radiation interception and RUE in late stage; and the additional losses in seed number and weight. Field pea was unable to restore LAI, radiation interception, or RUE and suffered substantial yield reductions (85%–100%). Wheat could be cultivated in areas prone to transient waterlogging (i.e., early or late stages) of up to 2 weeks; barley and rapeseed are recommended only with waterlogging occurring in early stages and field pea is not suitable for areas facing waterlogging.
Preparation of ZrO2 beads by an improved micro‐droplet spray forming process
Authors: Chen Jun , Xue Wan‐Qing , Xu Chang‐Ming , Luo Pai‐Feng , Cheng Ji‐Gui , Lu Ying‐Wei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMonodisperse ZrO2 ceramic beads with size larger than 1 mm have been prepared by an improved micro‐droplet spray forming process, through which a compressor and a dispenser were employed to produce droplets continuously. Furthermore, the slurry recipe and drying temperature have been optimized to enhance the sphericity and smoothness of the beads. The sintered ZrO2 ceramic beads present promising mechanical performance, including a relative density of 84.6%, a crush strength of 256.2 ± 36.6 N as well as a Vickers hardness of 1344.4 ± 58.3 HV. Such procedure reveals great potential in mass production of ceramic beads.
Doping‐induced coloration in titania
Authors: Mane Rahul B. , Sahoo Ramkrishna , Reddy Bapathi Kumaar Swamy , Ravula Vijay , Panigrahi Bharat B. , Borse Pramod H. , Chakravarty Dibyendu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThermal decomposition of Ti3GeC2 MAX phase at 1773 K yields an orange‐colored titania powder. Micro‐XRD of the powder under oscillation mode reveals a pure rutile phase (space group P42/mnm). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed substitutional doping of Ge in the titania lattice. The presence of Ti‐O‐Ge bond was observed in O 1s spectrum and confirmed by the shift in binding energy in Ti 2p3/2 and Ge 3d peaks. The UV‐visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectrum studies on the Ge‐doped titania powder show wide absorption in the visible region (380 to 650 nm) yielding a bandgap of 2.83 eV, which is desirable for photocatalytic applications. Defect states formed due to Ge doping led to lowering of the titania conduction band inducing an orange coloration in the powder.
Enhanced thermal stability of high yttria concentration YSZ aerogels
Authors: Olson Nathaniel S. , Hurwitz Frances I. , Guo Haiquan , Madden Nathan J. , Stokes Jamesa L. , Rogers Richard B. , Krogstad Jessica A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAerogels are a promising class of materials for lightweight, high‐performance insulation. However, their high specific surface area contributes to rapid densification of the structure at elevated temperatures. Upon densification, the favorable properties of low thermal conductivity and low density are lost. Investigation of doped metal oxide systems presents a route to stabilization of porous structures at high temperatures and a platform to study parameters conducive to thermal stability. Our work focuses on yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) aerogels prepared via a sol‐gel method and supercritically dried. Yttria concentrations were studied from 0 to 50 mol% YO1.5 to stabilize porosity to temperatures of 1200°C and develop an understanding of properties contributing to improved stability. Increased yttria content improved the thermal stability of the pore structure by reducing densification and suppressing crystallite growth, resulting in retention of the mesoporous structure to 1200°C. The improvement in thermal stability is related to associated reductions in specific surface energy and cation diffusivity at higher yttria concentrations. This work demonstrates that tuning thermodynamic and kinetic factors is a viable route to improved thermal stability in highly porous structures for use as insulation in extreme environments.
ESG did not immunize stocks during the COVID‐19 crisis, but investments in intangible assets did
Authors: Demers Elizabeth , Hendrikse Jurian , Joos Philip , Lev Baruch 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEnvironmental, social and governance (“ESG”) scores have been widely touted as indicators of share price resilience during the COVID‐19 crisis. Contrary to this conventional wisdom, we present robust evidence that once industry affiliation, market‐based measures of risk and accounting‐based measures of performance, financial position and intangibles investments have been controlled for, ESG offers no such positive explanatory power for returns during the COVID crisis. Specifically, ESG is insignificant in fully specified returns regressions for each of the Q1 2020 COVID market crisis period and for the full COVID year of 2020. By contrast, a measure of the firm's stock of investments in internally generated intangible assets is an economically and statistically significant positive determinant of returns during each of the Q1 market implosion and full 2020 COVID year periods. Our results are robust to alternative measures of returns, as well as for using Refinitiv, Refinitiv II and MSCI data to capture ESG performance. We conclude that ESG did not immunize stocks during the COVID‐19 crisis, but those investments in intangible assets did.
Fed's Policy Changes and Inflation in Emerging Markets: Lessons from the Taper Tantrum
Authors: LÓPEZ‐VILLAVICENCIO ANTONIA , POURROY MARC 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe use the taper tantrum to measure the effects of a sudden depreciation of the exchange rate. We treat this announcement in the United States of America as an exogenous shock in emerging markets and use a difference‐in‐differences approach. We show that, before the tantrum, the impact of exchange rate changes on inflation is low in both the control and the treatment groups. However, the tantrum increased the gap between groups and impacted inflation regardless of the exchange rate regime or central bank practices. Nevertheless, inflation in economies with flexible exchange rate, inflation target, or highly credible central bank is less exposed to depreciations.
Public Development Banks and Credit Market Imperfections
Authors: ESLAVA MARCELA , FREIXAS XAVIER 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWhat should be the role of a public development bank (PDB)? Which projects/firms should the PDB target? What can theory say about the types of loans and ways of delivering them that PDBs around the world use? We analyze these questions in the context of a model where screening is costly to banks. Underprovision of credit results from the inability of banks to (i) appropriate the full benefits of projects they finance, more pronounced for high value projects; and (ii) internalize the benefits of screening in terms of aggregate lending. PDB intervention naturally addresses inefficiencies originating in failures in the private provision of credit. Though lending to commercial banks at subsidized rates or providing credit guarantees are valid alternatives, guarantees are less effective than subsidies at equivalent cost. PDB lending is particularly important in recessions, when liquidity/capital shortages are likely, and risk profiles deteriorate potentially leading to further credit underprovision. Subsidized lending is further preferred to guarantees when banks are facing a liquidity shortage, while a credit guarantees program has additional benefits when banks are undercapitalized.
On the structure and development of the parasphenoid and the ventral rostral bones in Acipenser baerii and Polyodon spathula (Actinopterygii, Acipenseriformes)
Authors: Tsessarsky Alexey A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAcipenseriformes (sturgeons and paddlefishes) are currently recognized as sister‐group of Neopterygii (bowfin, gars and teleosts) and along with Polypteriformes (bihirs) constitute the two most basal taxa among living ray‐finned fishes. Acipenseriforms uniquely possess a large preoral snout which distinguishes them from other actinopterygians. It is covered ventrally by a longitudinal series of exoskeletal elements which extends along the middle part of the snout from the parasphenoid to the very anterior tip of the head. These cranial elements, highly variable in size, number and proportions, are generally referred to as ventral rostral bones. The homologies of these bones remain unresolved. The issue is getting even more complicated because of vague nature of the parasphenoid of acipenseriforms, with which the ventral rostral series is in a contact. Paradoxically, the homology of this bone of acipenseriforms has never been subjected to thorough survey based on the early development and morphology of this bone. Here, the development of the parasphenoid and the ventraI rostral bones in Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii and American paddlefish Polyodon spathula is investigated based on a large sample of specimens of both species ranging from larvae just posthatching to juveniles of 50 days posthatching. Data obtained in this study allowed to establish primary homologies of the parasphenoid and the ventral rostral bones of Acipenseriformes and to address the evolutionary history of the snout in these fishes.
The effect of taxifolin on oxidative ovarian damage and reproductive dysfunctions induced by antipsychotic drugs in female rats
Authors: Ince Sefa , Ozer Mehmet , Kadioglu Berrin Goktug , Kuzucu Mehmet , Ozkaraca Mustafa , Gezer Arzu , Suleyman Halis , Cetin Nihal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTypical antipsychotics (TAPs) are commonly used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, extrapyramidal disorders, hyperprolactinemia, and reproductive dysfunctions have been observed in women during the use of TAPs. For this reason, less toxic and prolactin‐sparing atypical antipsychotic (AAP) drugs such as clozapine (CLN) have been developed. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of taxifolin on possible ovarian and reproductive toxicity associated with CLN and haloperidol (HPL) in female Wistar albino rats.MethodsThe rats were grouped as healthy control group (HCG), CLN, HPL, taxifolin + clozapine (TCL), and taxifolin + haloperidol (THL). Drugs were administered to the groups for 28 days. At the end of that time, ovarian tissues of six rats from each group were taken for histopathological and biochemical analyses. Remaining six rats in groups were examined for evaluation of reproductive dysfunctions.ResultsSevere degeneration and vacuolization were observed in the primary, secondary, and primordial follicles of the ovarian tissues of CLN‐ and HPL‐treated groups, of which malondialdehyde (MDA) level was high and total glutathione (tGSH) level was low. In the taxifolin‐treated groups, taxifolin significantly prevented the increase of MDA level and decrease of tGSH level, and the severity of histopathological damage was found to be lower. In addition, it was found that taxifolin significantly prevented infertility and delay in pregnancy associated with CLN and HPL.ConclusionsThe results of this experiment suggest that taxifolin can be beneficial in treating oxidative ovarian damage, infertility, and reproductive dysfunctions induced by CLN and HPL.
Early standardized clinical judgement for syncope diagnosis in the emergency department
Authors: du Fay de Lavallaz J. , Badertscher P. , Zimmermann T. , Nestelberger T. , Walter J. , Strebel I. , Coelho C. , Miró Ò. , Salgado E. , Christ M. , Geigy N. , Cullen L. , Than M. , Javier Martin‐Sanchez F. , Di Somma S. , Frank Peacock W. , Morawiec B. , Wussler D. , Keller D. I. , Gualandro D. , Michou E. , Kühne M. , Lohrmann J. , Reichlin T. , Mueller C. ,   for the BASEL IX Investigators
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of cardiac syncope remains a challenge in the emergency department (ED).ObjectiveAssessing the diagnostic accuracy of the early standardized clinical judgement (ESCJ) including a standardized syncope‐specific case report form (CRF) in comparison with a recommended multivariable diagnostic score.MethodsIn a prospective international observational multicentre study, diagnostic accuracy for cardiac syncope of ESCJ by the ED physician amongst patients ≥ 40 years presenting with syncope to the ED was directly compared with that of the Evaluation of Guidelines in Syncope Study (EGSYS) diagnostic score. Cardiac syncope was centrally adjudicated independently of the ESCJ or conducted workup by two ED specialists based on all information available up to 1‐year follow‐up. Secondary aims included direct comparison with high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs‐cTnI) and B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations and a Lasso regression to identify variables contributing most to ESCJ.ResultsCardiac syncope was adjudicated in 252/1494 patients (15.2%). The diagnostic accuracy of ESCJ for cardiac syncope as quantified by the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.84–0.89), and higher compared with the EGSYS diagnostic score (0.73 (95% CI: 0.70–0.76)), hs‐cTnI (0.77 (95% CI: 0.73–0.80)) and BNP (0.77 (95% CI: 0.74–0.80)), all P < 0.001. Both biomarkers (alone or in combination) on top of the ESCJ significantly improved diagnostic accuracy.ConclusionESCJ including a standardized syncope‐specific CRF has very high diagnostic accuracy and outperforms the EGSYS score, hs‐cTnI and BNP.
Precarious Work and Parenting Stress among Mexican Immigrant Women in the United States
Authors: León‐Pérez Gabriela , Richards Caroline , Non Amy L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo qualitatively examine how precarious work contributes to parenting stress among Mexican immigrant women.BackgroundMexican immigrants tend to be employed in low‐wage occupations with nonstandard work arrangements and schedules. Besides common strains associated with balancing work and family, they experience immigrant‐specific stressors due to their unique positions in society and differences in structural resources and cultural values regarding parenting.MethodTen focus groups were conducted with 30 Mexican immigrant women living in Nashville, TN. An additional focus group was conducted with four key informants who served the local immigrant community. Transcripts were analyzed using inductive and deductive approaches.ResultsPrecarious working conditions were a major source of stress and a central contributor to parenting stress. Three themes related to parenting stress emerged: finding and paying for childcare, limited family time, and concerns about children's well‐being. Traditional gender expectations and the structural context of legal status shaped the challenges they experienced in the work and parenting realms.ConclusionThe narratives of women in this study reveal the impact that contingent, excessive, or exploitative workloads can have on immigrant families. Overall, women struggled to reconcile their better economic standing and their poor family life.
Like me Back: Neural Correlates of Low Perceived Relational Value in Peer Victimized Youth
Authors: Fowler Carina H. , Lin Lynda C. , Rudolph Karen D. , Telzer Eva H. 
Published: March 2021

Perceived relational value describes the extent to which individuals consider themselves to be liked and valued. Given the salience of peer opinions in adolescence, perceived relational value is an important part of adolescents’ developing self‐concept. Here, we examined the neural correlates of youth’s perceptions of their relational value in two independent samples (N = 33, Mage = 13.71, SD = 2.71; N = 26, Mage = 15.43, SD = 0.33). In both studies, peer victimization was associated with lower perceived relational value behaviorally and with altered frontostriatal connectivity when perceiving low relational value during fMRI. Our results suggest that peer victimization may lead youth to become biased about how they will be perceived socially and may disrupt connectivity between brain regions involved in responding to appetitive social stimuli.
The role of police contact and neighborhood experiences on legal socialization: Longitudinal evidence from adolescents in Brazil
Authors: Piccirillo Debora , García‐Sánchez Efraín , Chies‐Santos Mariana , Mizutani Gomes Aline 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThe legal socialization framework emphasizes the importance of adolescents’ encounters with police. We examine how different types of police contact and neighborhood experiences are linked to the legal socialization process among adolescents living in São Paulo, Brazil. Drawing on 669 participants across three waves of panel data from the São Paulo Legal Socialization Study, results from the multilevel longitudinal model revealed that within‐person increases in vicarious police contact were linked to a decrease in police legitimacy over time. Exploratory analyses using a multilevel mediation model indicated that the observed negative effect of vicarious police contact was mediated by evaluations of police procedural justice. As for the between‐person effects, voluntary police contact positively predicted police legitimacy over time. However, the effects of vicarious police contact and violent police contact were mediated by police procedural justice. Additionally, police legitimacy decreased for people who had more exposure to violence and lower levels of fear of crime. The study revealed that the nature of police contact and levels of exposure to violence can have important effects on adolescents’ perceptions of police legitimacy, even after accounting for procedural justice.