bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dentoalveolar surgery and Prevention of Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MR-ONJ) in patients treated with Bisphosphonates: our experience.
Authors: Lonardi Fabio , Capocasale Giorgia , Zotti Francesca , Nocini Riccardo , Signoriello Annarita , Panozzo Giorgio , Albanese Massimo 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT:

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are the most commonly used antiresorptive drugs to prevent skeletal-related events (SREs) in cancer and osteometabolic patients. A potential adverse drugs reaction associated with the administration of these drugs is Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MR-ONJ); its frequency in cancer patients is higher than in osteometabolic patients.

Different risk factors have been identified: drug type, duration of treatment, demographic, systemic and local factors. Among the latter, the most reported and investigated are dentoalveolar surgical procedures, anatomical factors, prosthesis and associated local oral inflammatory diseases.

To date, MR-ONJ pathophysiology remains unclear, therefore, definitive protocols on prevention in oral surgery have not been established yet.

Several studies had investigated the procedures to prevent the occurrence of MR-ONJ after oral surgery, particularly for tooth extraction. These proposed protocols included antibiotic and mouthwash treatment, atraumatic extraction, primary closure of the extraction socket, laser biostimulation and the use of autologous platelet concentrates.

The present study aimed to evaluate our one year experience in the prevention of MRONJ after dentoalveolar surgery in patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy. The protocol described and proposed by the Italian Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (SICMF) and the Italian Society of Oral Pathology and Medicine (SIPMO) has been followed; this protocol includes medical prophylaxis with strictly described surgical procedures
Oral squamous cell carcinoma mimicking osteonecrosis of the jaw: a case report
Authors: Panzarella Vera , Mauceri Rodolfo , Iurato Carbone Martina , Oteri Giacomo , Rubino Erasmo , Tozzo Pietro , Di Fede Olga , Campisi Giuseppina 
Published: April 2021

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a well-known adverse drug reaction to bisphosphonate (BP) treatment.

ONJ diagnosis is usually based on the patient’s medical/medication histories and on the clinical/radiological features of necrotic bone (frequently exposed). Furthermore, in case of mandibular involvement, patients may present pain and/or hypesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve. There are no pathognomonic clinical and radiological signs of ONJ, and in doubtful cases, the histologic examination is recommended.

We report a case of a woman attending to our sector of Oral Medicine (AOUP “P. Giaccone” Palermo, Italy) with a mandibular bone exposure after implants loss and a medical history of BPs. Biopsy specimens demonstrated proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Even if the role of biopsy in diagnosis ONJ is still a controversial issue, it is mandatory in case of OSCC suspicious.
Prevention of Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MR-ONJ) after dentoalveolar surgery in cancer patients: one year experience.
Authors: Capocasale Giorgia , Lonardi Fabio , Signoriello Annarita , Panozzo Giorgio , Zotti Francesca , Nocini Riccardo , Albanese Massimo 
Published: April 2021

Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MR-ONJ) is an adverse drugs reaction characterized by the worsening of quality of life in cancer patients, and for which one of the most frequent risk factor recognized is tooth extraction.

This report aims to describe our one-year experience about the prevention of MR-ONJ in cancer patients receiving antiresorptive-antiangiogenic drugs, with or without Bisphosphonates, referred to the Department of Surgical Sciences, Paediatrics and Gynaecology (University of Verona).

The protocol described by the Italian Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (SICMF) and the Italian Society of Oral Pathology and Medicine (SIPMO) was strictly followed in all surgical procedures, including the defined medical prophylaxis.

Once assessed inclusion and exclusion criteria, a retrospective analysis was carried out in a total of 15 patients, followed up during 2019. None of our patients developed MR-ONJ.
Audit Energi Dan Analisa Peluang Penghematan Konsumsi Energi Pada Sistem Air Conditioning Di Ruangan Laboratorium Fakultas Teknik Universitas Nurul Jadid
Authors: Sayuti Muhammad , Herlina Amalia 
Published: April 2021

Air Conditioning merupakan suatu peralatan yang digunakan untuk mengkondisikan udara sehingga dapat mencapai temperatur dan kelembaban yang sesuai dengan kondisi udaranyaman sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 03-6572-2001. Audit energi adalah kegiatanuntuk mengidentifikasi seberapa banyak energi yang digunakan serta langkah-langkah yang diperlukan untuk menghemat energi pada fasilitas energi tersebut. Energi listrik digunakan untuk menyalakan alat-alat elektronik salah satunya Air Conditioning. Ada beberapa ruangan yang menggunakan Air Conditioning di Fakultas Teknik Universitas Nurul Jadid salah satunya yaitu di Ruangan Laboratorium yang paling banyak penggunaan konsumsinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan energi listrik dengan menghitung intensitas konsumsi energi (IKE), mencari kebutuhan air conditioning disetiap ruangannya dengan menghitung british thermal unit (BTU) dan besar estimasi kebutuhan Air Conditioning terhadap masing-masing ruangannya serta menganalisa peluang penghematan konsumsi energi pada Air Conditioning di Laboratorium Fakultas Teknik Universitas Nurul Jadid. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran intensitas konsumsi energi (IKE) awal menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan energi listrik di Ruangan Laboratorium Fakultas Teknik Universitas Nurul Jadid adalah 99,034 kWh/bulan dengan setting ac remote ruangan 16°C terdapat suhu ruangan 24°C selama 6 Jam, Kemudian setelah menganalisa peluang penghematannya terdapat nilai 64,86 kWh/bulan dengan setting ac remote 16°C untuk mencapai suhu ruangan 22°C selama 4 jam. Hasil perhitungan british thermal unit (BTU) menunjukkan kebutuhan Air Conditioning menurut ruangannya sudah memenuhi standarisasi pemakaiannya, tetapi kurang stabil. Kemudian peluang penghematannya untuk melakukan penyeimbangan beban, mengurangi jam operasinya, matikan Air Conditioning apabila sudah digunakan.
The Direct Semi-Quantitative Detection of 18 Pathogens and Simultaneous Screening for Nine Resistance Genes in Clinical Urine Samples by a High-Throughput Multiplex Genetic Detection System
Authors: Sun Zhaoyang , Liu Wenjian , Zhang Jinghao , Wang Su , Yang Feng , Fang Yi , Jiang Wenrong , Ding Li , Zhao Hu , Zhang Yanmei 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are one the most common infections. The rapid and accurate identification of uropathogens, and the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility, are essential aspects of the management of UTIs. However, existing detection methods are associated with certain limitations. In this study, a new urinary tract infection high-throughput multiplex genetic detection system (UTI-HMGS) was developed for the semi-quantitative detection of 18 pathogens and the simultaneously screening of nine resistance genes directly from the clinical urine sample within 4 hours.MethodsWe designed and optimized a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) involving fluorescent dye-labeled specific primers to detect 18 pathogens and nine resistance genes. The specificity of the UTI-HMGS was tested using standard strains or plasmids for each gene target. The sensitivity of the UTI-HMGS assay was tested by the detection of serial tenfold dilutions of plasmids or simulated positive urine samples. We also collected clinical urine samples and used these to perform urine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Finally, all urine samples were detected by UTI-HMGS and the results were compared with both urine culture and Sanger sequencing.ResultsUTI-HMGS showed high levels of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of uropathogens when compared with culture and sequencing. In addition, ten species of bacteria and three species of fungi were detected semi-quantitatively to allow accurate discrimination of significant bacteriuria and candiduria. The sensitivity of the UTI-HMGS for the all the target genes could reach 50 copies per reaction. In total, 531 urine samples were collected and analyzed by UTI-HMGS, which exhibited high levels of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of uropathogens and resistance genes when compared with Sanger sequencing. The results from UTI-HMGS showed that the detection rates of 15 pathogens were significantly higher (P&lt;0.05) than that of the culture method. In addition, there were 41(7.72%, 41/531) urine samples were positive for difficult-to-culture pathogens, which were missed detected by routine culture method.ConclusionsUTI-HMGS proved to be an efficient method for the direct semi-quantitative detection of 18 uropathogens and the simultaneously screening of nine antibiotic resistance genes in urine samples. The UTI-HMGS could represent an alternative method for the clinical detection and monitoring of antibiotic resistance.
Maternal Vitamin B12 Status During Pregnancy and Its Association With Outcomes of Pregnancy and Health of the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Implications for Policy in India
Authors: Behere Rishikesh V. , Deshmukh Anagha S. , Otiv Suhas , Gupte Mohan D. , Yajnik Chittaranjan S. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundVitamins B12 and folate participate in the one-carbon metabolism cycle and hence regulate fetal growth. Though vitamin B12 deficiency is widely prevalent, the current public health policy in India is to supplement only iron and folic acid for the prevention of anaemia. Prompted by our research findings of the importance of maternal vitamin B12 status for a healthy pregnancy, birth and offspring health outcomes, we evaluated available literature evidence using a systematic review approach, to inform policy.MethodsA systematic search was performed for relevant Indian studies in the MEDLINE/PubMed and IndMed databases. We selected studies reporting maternal vitamin B12 status (dietary intake or blood concentrations), and/or metabolic markers of vitamin B12 deficiency (homocysteine, methylmalonic acid) or haematological indices during pregnancy and their associations with outcomes of pregnancy, infancy or in later life. Intervention trials of vitamin B12 during pregnancy were also included. Quality of evidence was assessed on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.ResultsOf the 635 articles identified, 46 studies met the inclusion criteria (cohort studies-26, case-control studies-13, RCT’s -7). There is a high prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in Indian women during pregnancy (40-70%) (3 studies). Observational studies support associations (adjusted for potential sociodemographic confounders, maternal body size, postnatal factors) of lower maternal B12, higher homocysteine or an imbalance between vitamin B12-folate status with a higher risk of NTDs (6 studies), pregnancy complications (recurrent pregnancy losses, gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia) (9 studies), lower birth weight (10 studies) and adverse longer-term health outcomes in the offspring (cognitive functions, adiposity, insulin resistance) (11 studies). Vitamin B12 supplementation (7 RCT’s) in pregnancy showed a beneficial effect on offspring neurocognitive development and an effect on birth weight was inconclusive. There is a high quality evidence to support the role of low maternal vitamin B12 in higher risk for NTD and low birth weight and moderate-quality evidence for higher risk of gestational diabetes and later life adverse health outcomes (cognitive functions, risk for diabetes) in offspring.ConclusionIn the Indian population low maternal vitaminB12 status, is associated with adverse maternal and child health outcomes. The level of evidence supports adding vitamin B12 to existing nutritional programs in India for extended benefits on outcomes in pregnancy and offspring health besides control of anaemia.Systematic Review Registration[website], identifier [registration number]
Should Adrenal Venous Sampling Be Performed in PA Patients Without Apparent Adrenal Tumors?
Authors: Okamoto Kentaro , Ohno Youichi , Sone Masakatsu , Inagaki Nobuya , Ichijo Takamasa , Yoneda Takashi , Tsuiki Mika , Wada Norio , Oki Kenji , Tamura Kouichi , Kobayashi Hiroki , Izawa Shoichiro , Tanabe Akiyo , Naruse Mitsuhide 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionSome aldosterone-producing micro-adenomas cannot be detected through image inspection. Therefore, adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is often performed, even in primary aldosteronism (PA) patients who have no apparent adrenal tumors (ATs) on imaging. In most of these cases, however, the PA is bilateral.ObjectiveTo clarify the clinical need for AVS in PA patients without apparent ATs, taking into consideration the rates of adrenalectomy.MethodsThis is a retrospective cross-sectional study assessing 1586 PA patients without apparent ATs in the multicenter Japan PA study (JPAS). We analyzed which parameters could be used to distinguish unilateral PA patients without apparent ATs from bilateral patients. We also analyzed the prevalences of adrenalectomy in unilateral PA patients.ResultsThe unilateral subtype without an apparent AT was diagnosed in 200 (12.6%) of 1586 PA patients. Being young and female with a short hypertension duration, normokalemia, low creatinine level, low plasma aldosterone concentration, and low aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) was significantly more common in bilateral than unilateral PA patients. If PA patients without apparent ATs were female and normokalemic with a low ARR (&lt;560 pg/ml per ng/ml/h), the rate of unilateral PA was only 5 (1.1%) out of 444. Moreover, 77 (38.5%) of the 200 did not receive adrenalectomy, despite being diagnosed with the unilateral subtype based on AVS.ConclusionThe low prevalence of the unilateral subtype in PA patients without apparent ATs suggests AVS is not indicated for all of these patients. AVS could be skipped in female normokalemic PA patients without apparent ATs if their ARRs are not high. However, AVS should be considered for male hypokalemic PA patients with high ARRs because the rates of the unilateral subtype are high in these patients.
Heavy Metals in Soils and the Remediation Potential of Bacteria Associated With the Plant Microbiome
Authors: González Henao Sarah , Ghneim-Herrera Thaura 
Published: April 2021

High concentrations of non-essential heavy metals/metalloids (arsenic, cadmium, and lead) in soils and irrigation water represent a threat to the environment, food safety, and human and animal health. Microbial bioremediation has emerged as a promising strategy to reduce the concentration of heavy metals in the environment due to the demonstrated ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to sequester and transform these compounds. Although several bacterial strains have been reported to be capable of remediation of soils affected by heavy metals, published information has not been comprehensively analyzed to date to recommend the most efficient microbial resources for application in bioremediation or bacterial-assisted phytoremediation strategies that may help improve plant growth and yield in contaminated soils. In this study, we critically analyzed eighty-five research articles published over the past 15 years, focusing on bacteria-assisted remediation strategies for the non-essential heavy metals, arsenic, cadmium, and lead, and selected based on four criteria: i) The bacterial species studied are part of a plant microbiome, i.e., they interact closely with a plant species ii) these same bacterial species exhibit plant growth-promoting characteristics, iii) bacterial resistance to the metal(s) is expressed in terms of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and iv) metal resistance is related to biochemical or molecular mechanisms. A total of sixty-two bacterial genera, comprising 424 bacterial species/strains associated with fifty plant species were included in our analysis. Our results showed a close relationship between the tolerance level exhibited by the bacteria and metal identity, with lower MIC values found for cadmium and lead, while resistance to arsenic was widespread and significantly higher. In-depth analysis of the most commonly evaluated genera, Agrobacterium, Bacillus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and Mesorhizobium showed significantly different tolerance levels among them and highlighted the deployment of different biochemical and molecular mechanisms associated with plant growth promotion or with the presence of resistance genes located in the cad and ars operons. In particular, the genera Klebsiella and Enterobacter exhibited the highest levels of cadmium and lead tolerance, clearly supported by molecular and biochemical mechanisms; they were also able to mitigate plant growth inhibition under phytotoxic metal concentrations. These results position Klebsiella and Enterobacter as the best potential candidates for bioremediation and bacteria-assisted phytoremediation strategies in soils contaminated with arsenic, cadmium, and lead.
Higher Risk for Sjögren’s Syndrome in Patients With Fibromyalgia: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Gau Shuo-Yan , Leong Pui-Ying , Lin Cheng-Li , Tsou Hsi-Kai , Wei James Cheng-Chung 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesClinically, associations have been observed between Sjögren’s syndrome and fibromyalgia. Nonetheless, population-based evidence evaluating the risk of Sjögren’s syndrome in fibromyalgia patients is lacking. The main purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the association between fibromyalgia and subsequent development of Sjögren’s syndrome.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study extracted data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) of the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI). During 2000-2012, patients with newly-diagnosed fibromyalgia (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 729.1) were defined as the exposure cohort. Age- and gender-matched individuals without fibromyalgia were used as the comparison cohort. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for the occurrence of Sjögren’s syndrome in those with fibromyalgia were evaluated along with stratified analyses of different subgroups.ResultsOf the 149,706 subjects whose data were extracted from the LHID, 74,853 subjects had coded fibromyalgia and 74,853 control subjects were without fibromyalgia. Compared to the control group, patients with fibromyalgia had an aHR of 2.00 (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.52-2.61) for developing Sjögren’s syndrome. In fibromyalgia patients aged 20-49 years, the aHR for future Sjögren’s syndrome was 3.07 (95% CI, 1.92-4.89).ConclusionPatients with fibromyalgia, both males and females, have a higher risk for developing Sjögren’s syndrome than those without fibromyalgia, especially those aged 20-49 years. While managing patients, clinicians should be aware of the bidirectional association between the two diseases, which helps to understand the impact of the association on disease activity and diagnosis.
Naïve CD4+ T Cell Lymphopenia and Apoptosis in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Is Driven by the CD31+ Subset and Is Partially Normalized in Direct-Acting Antiviral Treated Persons
Authors: Auma Ann W.N. , Shive Carey L. , Lange Alyssa , Damjanovska Sofi , Kowal Corinne , Zebrowski Elizabeth , Pandiyan Pushpa , Wilson Brigid , Kalayjian Robert C. , Canaday David H. , Anthony Donald D. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThe mechanisms underlying naïve CD4+ lymphopenia during chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection are unclear. Whether direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy restores peripheral naïve CD4+ T cell numbers and function is unknown.MethodsWe enumerated frequencies and counts of peripheral naïve CD4+, CD4+CD31+ and CD4+CD31- T cells by flow cytometry in a cross sectional analysis comparing chronic HCV infected (n=34), DAA-treated(n=29), and age-range matched controls (n=25), as well as in a longitudinal cohort of HCV DAA treated persons (n=16). The cross-sectional cohort was stratified by cirrhosis state. Cell apoptosis/survival (AnnexinV+7AAD+/BCL-2 labeling) and cell cycle entry (Ki67 expression) of CD31+ and CD31- naïve CD4+ T cells was analyzed directlyex vivoand following 3 and 5 days ofin vitroculture with media, interleukin (IL) -7 or CD3/CD28 activator.ResultsIn the cross-sectional cohort, naïve CD4+ proportions were lower in chronic HCV infected persons compared to controls and DAA-treated persons, an effect in part attributed to cirrhosis. Age was associated with naïve cell counts and proportions in HCV infected and treated persons as well. Naïve CD4+ cell proportions negatively correlated with plasma levels of soluble CD14 following therapy in DAA-treated persons. Naïve CD4+ cells from HCV infected persons exhibited greater directex vivoapoptosis and cell-cycling compared to cells from DAA-treated persons and controls, and this was localized to the CD4+CD31+ subset. On the other hand, no remarkable differences in expression of BCL-2 or IL-7 Receptor (CD127) at baseline or followingin vitromedia or IL7 containing culture were observed. In the longitudinal cohort, naïve CD4+CD31+/CD31- ratio tended to increase 24 weeks after DAA therapy initiation.ConclusionsActivation and apoptosis of peripheral naïve CD4+CD31+ T cells appear to contribute to naïve CD4+ lymphopenia in chronic HCV infection, and this defect is partially reversible with HCV DAA therapy. Age and cirrhosis -associated naïve CD4+ lymphopenia is present both before and after HCV DAA therapy. These findings have implications for restoration of host immune function after DAA therapy.
Taurine Antagonizes Macrophages M1 Polarization by Mitophagy-Glycolysis Switch Blockage via Dragging SAM-PP2Ac Transmethylation
Authors: Meng Ling , Lu Cailing , Wu Bin , Lan Chunhua , Mo Laiming , Chen Chengying , Wang Xinhang , Zhang Ning , Lan Li , Wang Qihui , Zeng Xia , Li Xiyi , Tang Shen 
Published: April 2021

The excessive M1 polarization of macrophages drives the occurrence and development of inflammatory diseases. The reprogramming of macrophages from M1 to M2 can be achieved by targeting metabolic events. Taurine promotes for the balance of energy metabolism and the repair of inflammatory injury, preventing chronic diseases and complications. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the action of taurine modulating the macrophage polarization phenotype. In this study, we constructed a low-dose LPS/IFN-γ-induced M1 polarization model to simulate a low-grade pro-inflammatory process. Our results indicate that the taurine transporter TauT/SlC6A6 is upregulated at the transcriptional level during M1 macrophage polarization. The nutrient uptake signal on the membrane supports the high abundance of taurine in macrophages after taurine supplementation, which weakens the status of methionine metabolism, resulting in insufficient S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). The low availability of SAM is directly sensed by LCMT-1 and PME-1, hindering PP2Ac methylation. PP2Ac methylation was found to be necessary for M1 polarization, including the positive regulation of VDAC1 and PINK1. Furthermore, its activation was found to promote the elimination of mitochondria by macrophages via the mitophagy pathway for metabolic adaptation. Mechanistically, taurine inhibits SAM-dependent PP2Ac methylation to block PINK1-mediated mitophagy flux, thereby maintaining a high mitochondrial density, which ultimately hinders the conversion of energy metabolism to glycolysis required for M1. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of taurine-coupled M1 macrophage energy metabolism, providing novel insights into the occurrence and prevention of low-grade inflammation, and propose that the sensing of taurine and SAM availability may allow communication to inflammatory response in macrophages.