bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deniz Mayınlarının Osmanlı Devletindeki Gelişimi ve 1915 Çanakkale Boğaz Savunmasındaki Rolü
Authors: ARABACI Hüseyin , KARATAŞ Murat 
Published: March 2021

Deniz Harbi’nde gemiler için etkili tahrip ve tehdit unsuru olarak kullanımı dünyada kısa sürede yaygınlaşan deniz mayınları, muharebe silahı niteliğini 19. yüzyıl ortasından itibaren kazanmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti, sahip olduğu geniş coğrafyasındaki sahillerini korumak amacıyla deniz mayınlarını envanterine kazandırma ve bunları geliştirme çabasında yer alarak tedarik, üretim ve teşkilat aşamalarını hızla geçirmiştir. Bu yeni muharebe aracının ilk uygulama alanları ise Çanakkale ve İstanbul Boğazları, Selanik, Golos ve İzmir gibi merkezler olmuştur. 20. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde, kıyıdan kontrollü sabit mayınlar geliştirilerek bağımsız olarak atılabilen otomatik mayınların kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti de ilk kez Osmanlı-İtalya Harbi (1911-1912)’nde otomatik deniz mayınını kullanmıştır. 1915 yılından önce Çanakkale Boğazı’ndaki mayın faaliyetleri, akıntılı sularda mayın kullanımı ile ilgili önemli tecrübelerin kazanılmasını sağlamıştır.
1915 Çanakkale Boğaz Savunması’nda sabit kurulan mayın hatları dışında, “serseri mayın” olarak tabir edilen mayın türü de kullanılmıştır. Serseri mayın Birleşik Filo’nun en çok çekindiği unsurların başında gelmiştir. 18 Mart 1915 tarihinde Birleşik Filo’nun mağlubiyetine yol açan en temel faktör; kıyı bataryası ve projektör desteği ile deniz mayınları olmuştur.
Bu makalede, 18 Mart 1915 tarihinde Çanakkale Boğaz Savunması’nın zafer ile taçlanmasında en temel unsur olan deniz mayınlarının tarihsel gelişim içerisinde Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki kullanımı ve 1915 yılındaki rolü üzerine durulmuştur.
A Historical Account of Linguistic Imperialism and Educational Policy in Tunisia: From the independence to the ‘Jasmine Revolution’
Authors: Bel’Kiry Leila Najeh 
Published: March 2021

This article is about foreign languages hegemony in Tunisia. It describes the linguistic situation at the macro and micro levels, the Tunisian and the international linguistic communities, the status of English and French languages throughout the world, and their effects on the Tunisian educational policy. The prevalence of French in Tunisia as the language of science and technology between 1956 and 1987, the way the value of English is promoted in the Tunisian educational system between 1987 and 2011 though Tunisia is a French colonized country, and the tendency to linguistic isolationism since 2011, prove the intrinsic link between language and politics. Political changes at international and local levels shape the local linguistic communities.
Plan de marketing para el laboratorio de investigación de suelos y aguas como centro de producción competitivo
Authors: Portocarrero Díaz Cecibel , Alva Cruz Ricardo Rafael 
Published: March 2021

<p>El objetivo de esta investigación fue proponer un plan de marketing para el Laboratorio de Investigación de Suelos y Aguas como centro de producción competitivo de la Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, con la finalidad de solventar los problemas actuales del laboratorio en aspectos como la oferta y la demanda. Se realizó esta investigación partiendo del hecho de que el laboratorio carece de un documento que le permita obtener posicionamiento en el mercado. La investigación parte de la formulación del siguiente problema: ¿Qué estrategias debe tener el plan de marketing del LABISAG como centro de producción competitivo de la UNTRM, Amazonas 2015?, se tuvo como hipotesis que el plan de marketing se debe basar diagnóstico de análisis de la oferta y la demanda que le permita plantear propuestas para poder brindar un servicio competitivo y bajo los estándares requeridos y que contribuyan a la satisfacción de las necesidades de los usuarios. Se empleó el métodos inductivo y deductivo, el descriptivo y el analítico, propios de la investigación social del tipo descriptiva; esto permitió obtener como resultados un estudio de mercado para el laboratorio y que sirvió como base para la elaboración de la propuesta de plan de marketing. De la investigación se puede concluir que el plan de marketing ha sido diseñado para la solución de problemas relacionados con el servicio, posicionamiento, promoción, ventas y precios del Laboratorio de Investigación de Suelos y Aguas de la UNTRM.</p>
Anemia ferropénica y caries dental en niños de 3 a 5 años de edad
Authors: Ramírez Cruz Biatha Mercedes , Coronel Zubiate Franz Tito 
Published: March 2021

<p>El objetivo fue determinar la relación entre anemia ferropénica y caries dental en los niños de 3 a 5 años de edad, de la Institución Educativa Inicial N° 014, Magdalena- 2019. La muestra estuvo constituida por 44 niños seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia; los datos fueron recolectados utilizando la técnica de evaluación clínica y como instrumento el formulario del cuestionario de hemoglobina y Odontograma. Los resultados evidencian que 77.3 % se encuentra normal (sin anemia) y 22.7 % tuvo anemia leve. Ninguno presentó anemia moderada o severa. Asimismo, 43 % presenta índice ceo-d moderado, el 25 % bajo y el 20.5 % muy bajo; sin embargo, 6.8 % presentó un índice alto y 4.5 % muy alto. Las pruebas estadísticas aplicadas al estudio (χ²: 11.985, G.l.: 4) indican que existe relación entre la anemia y la caries dental (p=0.017&lt;0.05) en niños. En conclusión, una gran proporción de niños (77.3 %) no presentaron anemia; pero 22.7 % (10) tuvo anemia leve, una mayor proporción de niños presentó índice ceo-d moderado a bajo (43% y 25 %), encontrando también un índice alto y muy alto en un 6.8 % y 4.5 % respectivamente. Existe relación entre anemia ferropénica y caries dental.</p><p> </p>
Estimation of conjunctival swab and nasopharyngeal swab specimens for viral nucleic acid detection in Coronavirus disease 2019 patients to compare the viral load
Authors: Kaushik Jaya , Marwah Vikas , Singh Ankita , Chaitanya Y. V. K. , Gupta Rajeev Mohan , Kumar Poninder 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:
The purpose of the study was to detect the presence of viral ribonucleic acid of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in conjunctival swab along with nasopharyngeal swab specimens of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Material and Methods:
Thirty COVID-19 patients with at least one sample positive for real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab with the presence or absence of ocular manifestations were included in the study. The conjunctival swab along with nasopharyngeal swab of each patient was collected and sent to microbiology lab for evaluation and analysis of viral nucleic acid to assess the viral load.

Results:
Out of 30 patients, 21 patients (70%) were males and the remaining nine patients (30%) were females. Mean age of the patients in the study was 44.80 ± 15.37 years. One patient had conjunctivitis as ocular manifestation. Two (6.7%) out of 30 patients were positive for RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 in the conjunctival swab. There was no statistical correlation between nasopharyngeal swab and conjunctival swab positivity using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) = 0.010; P = 0.995 (>0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of the study revealed that SARS-CoV-2 can also be detected in conjunctival swabs of confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients. Although, in comparison to nasopharyngeal and throat swabs the rate of detection of SARS-CoV-2 in conjunctival swabs is relatively less, still diligent care and precautions should be practiced during the ophthalmic evaluation of COVID-19 patients.
Evaluation of the microbial contaminants and phytochemical properties of Sireh (Piper betle L.)
Authors: Syafiqah Mhd Jamal  , Hasnah Bahari  , Daryl Jesus Arapoc  , Muhammad Akif Adnan  , Imran Jazary Mad Diah  , Azmiza Syawani Jasni  
Published: March 2021

Piper betle L. or Sireh is popular among the Malaysian locals and has been extensively used in traditional medicines across Asian and Southeast Asian countries. P. betle is used to enhance the dental health and treat diseases such as rheumatism and bronchitis, though the data on the quality and safety of this plant are still limited. This study evaluated the microbiological quality and the phytochemical properties of P. betle. Bacteria and fungi were only detected following 3 months of storage duration, however, the microbial loads are within the acceptable range and the identified bacterial species were non-pathogenic. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between microbial enumerations data and storage duration. Three phytochemical constituents, which were saponins, tannins, and steroids, were detected in P. betle. These findings highlighted that P. betle has low microbial contaminants at least up to 6-months of storage, and with its phytochemical constituents preserved throughout the storage duration, it is thus safe for consumption as it is.
European Banking Union – an institutional analysis
Authors: Majewska-Jurczyk Barbara 
Published: March 2021

Aim: The Banking Union is an important step towards a genuine Economic and Monetary Union. The strengthening of the European banking system has become a topic of debate since the 2008 crisis when it became clear that stability and security of the system security may require increased supervision over operations conducted. The Banking Union was created to avoid the situation that taxpayers are first in line to pay for bailing out ailing banks. The Banking Union consists of three pillars: 1) the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), which centralizes supervision of European banks around the European Central Bank, 2) the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM), which the main purpose is to ensure the efficient resolution for recapitalization failing banks, and 3) the European Deposit Insurance Scheme (EDIS), which is still unfinished. The creation of the Banking Union is accompanied by a remarkable transfer of sovereignty to the European level. This article aims to provide an overview of the changes unfolding across the Banking Union from a law and economics perspective and to explain the role of the European Central Bank in supervision over the banking system, which is different from the policy of controlling prices through determining the level of interest rates and keeping inflation under control.

Design/Research methods: The analysis of the functioning Banking Union is based on the review of literature and analysis of reports and legal acts.

Findings: The Banking Union supports financial integration in the EU by implementing a common set of rules and a common supervisory and resolution mechanism. The creation of the Deposit Insurance Scheme is likely to contribute to the protection of banks and consumers in case of a potential future crisis. The author argues that the European Central Bank as a supervisor of the financial market should create a second supervisory body, which would significantly strengthen the system and allow the ECB more efficiently fulfill its task as chief supervisor.
A security-oriented corporate culture of an organisation in a pandemic. A case study of WSB in Wrocław
Authors: Majkut Robert , Rybczyński Radosław 
Published: March 2021

Aim: The paper aims to illustrate the importance of organizational culture in supporting security in an organization, on the example of a non-public higher education institution in Poland during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Organization.

Design/ Research methods: The case study is presented in the context of theoretical reflections. the authors participated in the process of change during the pandemic, influencing the social norms shaping the culture of the organization for safety purposes in order to ensure the effective functioning of this entity under an epidemic risk.

Findings: This article has cognitive value and contains a description of the implemented procedures determined, on the one hand, by the organizational culture and, on the other hand, causing significant changes in the organization.

Contribution: Until recently, Management Science and Organization and Management Sociology did not deal with developing a security-oriented corporate culture of a particular entity in the context of the threat of an epidemic. The results may provide an example of good practice, and is the basis of future research on post-COVID security management.
TRENDS IN PRESS COVERAGE OF FEMINIST ACTIVITY IN THE UAE MEDIA: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors: Makki Alaa , Juinat Marcel Issa Al 
Published: March 2021

This study seeks to shed light on Arab societies in general and the Emirati society in particular, as we find that customs and traditions have given the conservative form of women,
Which, in turn, is reflected in the entirety of its relations, and its social and cultural processes in particular are closely related to the media institution that reproduced this model by adopting conservative contents, except in very few cases, which is often associated with some feminist institutions.
In this study, the researchers focused on identifying the most important shapes, templates, trends, and areas occupied by all of these coverage. And then determine its contents and meanings. that is through analyzing the coverage and its types and all the arts of journalistic editing, News coverage is made up of the type of news and report, while the explanatory coverage is by the type of press article Investigation and press dialogue, as for the documentary coverage, it is related to the means of highlighting, whether they are news or non-news photos, figures and drawings.
Analisis Pengaruh Belanja Daerah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Product Domestic Regional Bruto (PDRB) Di Kabupaten Lombok Barat Tahun 2014-2018
Authors: Yusuf Hasbullah  , Sitin Fatimah  , Tuty Handayani  
Published: March 2021

Sejalan dengan arus pemberian kewenangan yang makin luas yang dimiliki tiap daerah dalam era otonomi daerah ini, maka peran dan fungsi pendapatan daerah melalui penggalian potensi masing-masing daerah menjadi sesuatu yang amat penting. Persfektif otonomi daerah yang dikaitkan dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi dapat dilihat dari berbagai aspek diantaranya melalui belanja daerah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat dampak belanja daerah terhadap pertumbuhan product domestic regional brutto (PDRB) di kabupaten Lombok Barat Tahun 2014-2018. jenis penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan (Library Research) dan penelitian lapangan (Field Research). Variabel yang dianalisis dalam penelitian meluputi Belanja Langsung meliputi: a. Pembentukan Dana Cadangan, yang terdiri dari Penyertaan Modal Daerah, Pembayaran Pokok Utang Daerah, Pemberian Pinjaman Daerah. b. Belanja Tidak Langsung yang meliputi: Belanja Pegawai, Belanja Bunga, Belanja Subsidi, Belanja Hibah, Belanja Bantuan Sosial, Belanja Pemerintahan desa, Belanja Bantuan Keuangan Kepada Kabupaen/Kota dan Belanja Tidak Terduga. Sedangkan model analasis yang digunakan adalah: a). Analisis pertumbuhan belanja daerah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan b) Analisis kontibusi belanja daerah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di kabupaten Lombok Barat Tahun 2014-2018.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Model Problem Based Learning Untuk Memfasilitasi Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Peserta Didik Kelas VII SMP/MTs
Authors: Rahmah Aisyah Nurul , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Hutapea Nahor Murani 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh guru yang masih kesulitan dalam merancang perangkat pembelajaran berdasarkan kurikulum 2013. Tujuan penelitian adalah menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika berbasis model problem based learning untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan komunikasi matematis peserta didik yang valid dan praktis. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan berupa silabus, rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP), lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD). Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4-D yang tahapannya yaitu define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Subjek ujicoba dalam penelitian ini adalah 8 orang peserta didik kelas VII. Instrumen tes yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah instrumen validitas berupa lembar validasi untuk menilai kelayakan perangkat pembelajaran serta instrument praktikalitas berupa angket respon peserta didik untuk menilai kepraktisan penggunaan LKPD. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data validasi disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran matematika ini sangat valid dengan rata-rata penilaian untuk silabus adalah 89,81%, untuk RPP adalah 92,43%, untuk LKPD adalah 90,85%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data kepraktisan angket respon peserta didik menunjukkan kategori sangat praktis dengan rata-rata penilaian 89,80%.
KAJI ULANG SNI 13-3487-2005 BARANG – BARANG EMAS DAN SNI 13-3771-1995 BARANG – BARANG EMAS MUDA
Authors: Setiawan Joni , Laela Euis , Eskani Istihanah Nurul , Widiharini Nikmah , Farida Farida , Utamaningrat I Made Arya , Rahayu Nira Riestia , Suparjo Suparjo 
Published: March 2021

<p>Emas merupakan logam mulia yang dapat dijadikan investasi karena nilainya terus naik dari waktu ke waktu. Barang – barang emas dapat berbentuk batangan, granula, lembaran, perhiasan dan benda seni. Penjaminan mutu kadar emas diatur dalam SNI 13-3487-2005 Barang – barang emas dan SNI 13-3771-1995 Barang – barang emas muda. Pada saat ini emas yang beredar memiliki kadar mulai 3,33% hingga 99,99% (<em>fine gold</em>). Terdapat nilai kadar emas yang belum diatur dalam ke-dua SNI tersebut yaitu barang-barang emas dengan kadar 13,14,15,dan 16 karat. Sehingga perlu dilakukan pengujian untuk melihat kesesuaian kadar emas yang terkandung dalam barang – barang emas yang beredar di pasaran serta peninjauan kembali terhadap metode uji yang ada. Penelitian ini membahas hasil kaji ulang SNI 13-3487-2005 Barang – barang emas dan SNI 13-3771-1995 Barang – barang emas muda sebagai dasar penyusunan SNI barang – barang emas yang baru. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah studi literatur, pengujian sampel barang – barang emas yang beredar yang diambil secara <em>purposive sampling</em>, kemudian dilakukan pengujian <em>fire assay</em> sesuai dengan SNI 13-3487-2005 Barang – barang emas dan ICP-OES sesuai dengan ISO 15093, <em>Jewellery — Determination of precious metals in 999 0 / 00 gold, platinum and palladium jewellery alloys</em> — <em>Difference method using ICP-OES</em>, kajian metode uji, dan penggalian informasi melalui rapat internal, rapat teknis dan rapat konsensus. Berdasarkan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlunya penggabungan dua SNI tersebut mencakup kadar 33,3% hingga 99,99%, menetapkan metode uji yang dipergunakan yaitu <em>fire assay</em> dan ICP-OES, dengan acuan normatif yang dipergunakan adalah standar ISO 11596 dan ISO 15039.</p>
Karyomorphology, Meiotic Behaviours and Pollen Fertility of Calendula officinalis L. (Calenduleae- Asteraceae)
Authors: Mallick Pushpa Karna 
Published: March 2021

The present study includes chromosome number, karyomorphology, meiotic behaviors and pollen fertility of the species Calendula officinalis L.collected from central Nepal was cytologically carried out using two percent aceto-orcein for somatic chromosome determination and one percent aceto-carmine for meiotic study. Pollen fertility was based on stainability test using Muntzing solution. Somatic chromosome number determined for this taxon were 2n=28, haploid chromosome number n=14 and pollen fertility found to be 84.4 percent in the present study. In karyotype analysis chromosome length ranged from 0.4 to 2.6 µm and mean length was 1.5 µm. Likewise, absolute length found to be 21.9 µm and karyotype formula obtained was M16+m4+ sm8. Three types of chromosomes centromere at middle point, at median region and at sub –median region were observed. Meiosis with regular and irregular behaviors was observed in this study. The variations in chromosome numbers, irregularities in meiotic behaviors, variations in karyomorphological structure and high fertility rate shows evolve nature of this species which play a great role in evolution. Pollen fertility was also affected by meiotic abnormalities.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(1): 75-79
Screening of Hearing in Infants at Risk in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross- sectional Study
Authors: Kharel Bijaya , Neupane Yogesh , Tripathi Prashant , Rayamajhi Pabina , Karna Sureshwor Lal , Guragain Rajendra Prasad Sharma 
Published: March 2021

Background: Screening of hearing impairment in children facilitates earlier identification, management and prevention of disability. The objective of this study was to perform a screening of hearing in infants at risk in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 228 infants who were at risk of hearing loss. All ‘at risk’ infants born to mothers in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital and ‘at risk’ children below one year of age admitted in the pediatric ward and intensive care unit were screened for hearing loss by automated otoacoustic emission (OAE) and automated auditory brainstem reflex (ABR). The results were categorized as pass or refer (fail). The association between hearing loss and the potential risk factors was analyzed.
Results: Out of 228 infants screened, 117 (51%) were male and 111 (49%) were female. Seventy (30.7%) failed OAE and 44 (19.3%) failed ABR. Univariate analysis (Pearson Chi-square test) showed that the failure rate for ABR was significantly associated with preterm babies (p = 0.009), low birth weight (p = 0.009), usage of ototoxic drugs (p = 0.03), and intensive care unit stay of more than five days (p = 0.03). Only preterm birth was significantly associated with failed OAE test (p = 0.03).
Conclusion: Premature birth (gestational age < 34 weeks) was associated with failure of the ABR and OAE tests. The infants with low birth weight, history of ototoxic drugs, ICU stay more than 5 days were only associated with ABR test failure.
Prevalence of Substance Use among Youths in Selected Ward of Gadhi Rural Municipality, Sunsari, Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shrestha Sharmila , Pradhan Nirmala , Lamsal Shyam , Sigdel Rambha 
Published: March 2021

Background: Tobacco and alcohol are the most prevalent substances in Nepal and their use is becoming a serious health problem. We aimed to find out the prevalence of substance use among youths and assess the association with selected demographic variables.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 813 youths residing in Gadhi Rural Municipality, ward number 1. The youths were selected through total enumerative sampling and eligible candidates were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires on substance use. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: Nearly 54% of the youths belonged to the age group 16-25 years and 51.2% were females. Tarai Janajati ethnic group represented 64.2%, and 99.8% were Hindu by religion. The prevalence of substance use was 26.4%. The majority of the youths (62.2%) had started the consumption of substances between the age of 13-20 years. Many (36.2%) had been using the substances for 6-10 years. Almost two-thirds (62.2%) had a family history of substance use. Curiosity was the main reason (29.7%) for the youths to consume the substance. Nearly 37% of the youths were found to be alcohol dependent. Age, sex, ethnicity, and income were significantly associated with substance use (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: About one in every four youths was involved in substance use. In addition, it was more prevalent in male youths and the majority had started using substances at the age of 13 to 20 years.