bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Unraveling the Gut Microbiota Composition of the Genus Herichthys (Cichliformes:Pisces)”
Authors: Mejía Omar , Quinto Andrés Sánchez , Acata Elizabeth S Gómez , Miranda Fabian Pérez , Falcón Luisa I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background The coevolution between hosts and their gut microbiota arises as a promissory research program that could explain diversity patterns. The fishes of the cichlid family are an ideal model to evaluate coevolution due to their spectacular radiation. In particular, the neotropical genus Herichthys represents a great study case of study since it includes species with wide and narrow distributions, with several feeding habits as well as species that arose allopatrically and truly sympatrically. We used the hypervariable V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from the 11 species of the genus Herichthys obtained from museum collections to evaluate the existence of phylosymbiosis between the fishes and their gut microbiota. Results The highest diversity values of gut microbiota diversity were found in the detritivorous species while the herbivorous, molluscivorous, and piscivorous showed the lowest diversity values. Differences in gut microbiota were found between species and trophic guilds, in particular for the sympatric species comparison. The phylosymbiosis test was significant showing that the evolution of the gut microbiota is different in species that arise in allopatric and sympatric conditions. Conclusions The most abundant phyla recovered from the gut microbiota were similar to those previously reported in other studies with cichlids supporting the idea that a gut microbial core is conserved in this group of fishes despite millions of years of evolution. Despite the caveats of working with museum specimens, our results provide evidence that gut microbiota divergence could occur even in sympatric conditions and reveals the potential use of museum collections in gut microbiota studies.
Surgical Outcomes in Adults with Acute Small Bowel Perforation and Risk Factors for Mortality: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Wu Jianzhang , Shu Ping , He Hongyong , Li Haojie , Tang Zhaoqing , Sun Yihong , Liu Fenglin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Small bowel perforation is a life-threatening surgical emergency even after immediate surgical intervention, while the surgical outcomes are rarely discussed in the literature due to relatively low incidence. This study aimed to investigate the surgical outcomes of small bowel perforation and risk factors for mortality.Methods Consecutive patients with small bowel perforation confirmed by emergency surgery at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from February 2011 to May 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical features, laboratory indicators, surgical findings and pathology were reviewed based on the medical records. Results 199 patients were included in this study, of which 50 patients underwent perforation repair, 117 underwent primary anastomosis, and the other 32 underwent small bowel ostomy. 52.3% (104/199) patients transferred to ICU just after surgery and malignant tumor was the leading cause responsible for perforation in these patients (40.4%, 42/104), although foreign bodies ingestion (27.1%, 54/199) were most common for all cases in this study. The overall postoperative morbidity and mortality rate were 54.3% (108/199) and 10.6% (21/199) respectively, which were higher in the ICU group (74.0% (77/104) and 19.2% (20/104), respectively). Malignant tumor related perforation (OR, 3.567; 95%CI, 1.175-10.823; P=0.025) and high postoperative arterial blood lactate (LAC) level (OR,1.583; 95%CI, 1.127-2.225; P=0.008) were independent risk factors for post-operative mortality for patients transferred to ICU. Conclusion Small bowel perforation is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates after emergency surgery, especially for patients transferred to ICU. Malignant tumor related perforation, as well as higher postoperative blood lactate had increased risk of postoperative mortality.
Does an Increase in Serum FGF21 Level Predict 28-day Mortality of Critical Patients with Sepsis and ARDS?
Authors: Li Xing , Shen Hua , Zhou Tinghong , Cao Xiaoyu , Chen Ying , Liang Yan , Lu Ting , He Jiafen , Dou Zhoulin , Liu Chuaikai , Tang Yong , Zhu Zexiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSepsis may be accompanied by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). It is essential to identify prognostic biomarkers in patients with sepsis and ARDS.ObjectiveDetermine whether changes in the level of serum fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) can predict the 28-day mortality of ICU patients with sepsis and ARDS.MethodsConsecutive sepsis patients were divided into two groups (Sepsis+ARDS and Sepsis-only), and the Sepsis+ARDS group was further classified as survivors or non-survivors. Demographic data and comorbidities were recorded. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and serum levels of cytokines and other biomarkers were recorded 3 times after admission. Multiple Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify risk factors associated with 28-day mortality in the Sepsis+ARDS group.ResultsThe Sepsis+ARDS group had a greater baseline SOFA score and serum levels of cytokines and other biomarkers than the Sepsis-only group; the serum level of FGF21 was almost 2-fold greater in the Sepsis+ARDS group (P<0.05). Non-survivors in the Sepsis+ARDS group had an almost 5-fold greater level of FGF21 than survivors in this group (P<0.05). The serum level of FGF21 persistently increased from the baseline to the peak of shock and death in the non-survivors, but persistently decreased in survivors (P<0.05). Changes in the serum FGF21 level between different time points were independent risk factors for mortality.ConclusionA large increase of serum FGF21 level from baseline is associated with 28-day mortality in ICU patients with sepsis and ARDS.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Workload Scheduling for Edge Computing
Authors: zheng tao , Wan Jian , Zhang jilin , Jiang Congfeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Edge computing is a new paradigm for providing cloud computing capacities at the edge of network near mobile users. It offers an effective solution to help mobile devices with computation-intensive and delay-sensitive tasks. However, the edge of network presents a dynamic environment with large number of devices, high mobility of the end user, heterogeneous applications and intermittent traffific. In such environment, edge computing always encounters workload scheduling problem of how to effificiently schedule incoming tasks from mobile devices to edge servers or cloud servers, which is a hard and online problem. In this work, we focus on the workload scheduling problem with the goal of balancing the workload, reducing the service time and minimizing the failed task rate. We proposed a reinforcement learning-based approach, which can learn from the previous actions and achieve best scheduling in the absence of a mathematical model of the environment. Simulation results show that our proposed approach achieves the best performance in aspects of service time, virtual machine utilization, and failed tasks rate compared with other approaches. Our reinforcement learning-based approach can provide an effificient solution to the workload scheduling problem in edge computing.
Preparation and photoluminescence study of Alumin o-boro silicate YAG fluorescent glass for White LED
Authors: Yang Chao , Song Guohua , Miao Jianwen , Fan Tingting 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The YAG: Eu 3+ fluorescent glass for NUV(near ultraviolet) white LEDs was obtained firstly by synthesizing Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG): Eu 3+ precursors through a simple co-precipitation method, and then mixing precursor with B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -Na 2 O-BaO glass powder calcined at 1400°C for 2.5 hours. The as-prepared YAG glass-ceramic phosphor was investigated by DTA, XRD, SEM, and photoluminescence (PL). Influence of YAG: Eu 3+ precursor and Eu 3+ doping on excitation and emission spectra also have been studied. The results show that: the phosphor's emission peak located at 393nm is correspond to the 7 F 0 - 5 L 6 transition of Eu 3+ ions, which matches good with UV LED chips; the phosphor gives intense emission at 593nm originating from the 5 D 0 - 7 F 1 transition of Eu 3+ ions. When the YAG precursor is 0.9g and amount of Eu 3+ doped is 0.08, the fluorescence excitation spectra of glass and emission spectra of the peak intensity reach its maximum value. The YAG: Eu 3+ fluorescence glass could be a promising material for the production of near ultraviolet chip white light-emitting diode.
Bactris Setosa Mart. (Tucum-do-cerrado) Aqueous Extract Increases Growth and Viability in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae BY4741 and YAP1Δ Under Stress Caused by Menadione and Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Silva Renata , Campos Élida Geralda 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Yeast cells from Saccharomyces cerevisiae can increase endogenous antioxidant response when stressed to prevent cell death. YAP1 is a transcription factor responsible to activate genes that encoding antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase and can be an important key to protect these cells. Tucum-do-cerrado (Bactris setosa Mart.) is a Brazilian fruit rich in polyphenols and bioactive compounds mainly found in the peel. This study investigated cell growth and viability using S. cerevisiae wild type and yap1∆ strains exposed to tucum-do-cerrado peel aqueous extract and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and menadione induced oxidative stress. Yeast cells from BY4741 and yap1∆ were exposed to different concentrations of tucum extract, menadione and hydrogen peroxide separated and together in mixed groups for 20h and measured for growth curve. For colony survival yeast cells were exposed to these compounds for 72h in ágar plates and colonies were counted. Results showed that aqueous extract of tucum-do-cerrado was capable to recover BY4741 density of cells stressed with both menadione and H2O2 but not for yap1∆ strain. Besides, higher concentrations of the extract demonstrated a delay in cell growth. Colony survival showed that the exposition to tucum extract resulted in colony recover in BY4741 yeast cells but not for mutant yap1∆ strains which maintained low viability even with high extract concentration. In conclusion, despite S. cerevisiae antioxidant response to menadione and H2O2 is different, the protection afforded by tucum extract in H2O2 stressed cells, is probably through an YAP1 pathway.
Balloon Dilatation and Rapid Maxillary Expansion: A Novel, Combined Treatment for Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis in an Infant
Authors: Santarsiero Sara 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCongenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) is a rare condition isolated or inserted in a multi-formative syndrome, which still encounters management difficulties. There are no specific treatment protocols and the use of traditional surgery represents an anachronism since cognitive assumptions and non-invasive or minimally invasive therapeutic innovations would currently be available. However, the rarity of the disease and the infantile context makes RCTs difficult to process. Case presentationWe expose the case of a one-month-old caucasian male infant suffering from CNPAS. The patient presented to the Emergency Department of the Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital with a clinical picture characterized by nasal obstruction, noisy breathing, feeding difficulties and suspected sleep apnea. During hospitalization he underwent overnight pulse oximetry, airway endoscopy and maxillofacial CT with a final diagnosis of CNPAS with moderate obstructive sleep apnea. We treated him successfully through an innovative therapeutic strategy that required the collaboration of a team of ENT surgeons and orthodontists.Conclusions﻿The combination of minimally invasive balloon surgery and the application of a palatal device may represent a successful strategy for patients with CNPAS, probably also applicable to other types of nasal bone stenosis. Future studies may allow the definition of treatment strategies of these pathologies, we hope in the context of novel practical guidelines.
The Construction of Patient Understandings of Antibiotic use for Upper Respiratorytract Infections in Rural China.
Authors: Cheng Jing , Kadetz Paul I. , Chai Jing , Shen Xingrong , Cabral Christie , Wang Debin , Lambert Helen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: This paper seeks to identify the lay understandings concerning “anti-inflammatories”, their relation to antibiotics, and their utilization in treating upper respiratory tract infections (RTIs) among patients in rural Anhui Province, China. Methods: In-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with 30 patients from rural clinics who presented with RTI symptoms between December 2017 and May 2018. These patient-informants were purposively sampled for follow-up interviews from an original sample of 1,030 patients who completed preliminary structured interviews. All informants were over 18 years old and had consulted a doctor at village- or township-level government health facilities for symptoms of RTIs within two weeks preceding follow-up interviews. Data was collected until saturation was achieved. Responses were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using a thematic framework via NVivo 12.0 software. Results: A majority of informants reported that antibiotics such as cephalosporin, known colloquially as “anti-inflammation medicine”, are the preferred treatment for upper respiratory tract symptoms. These are commonly prescribed by township and village doctors, who are an important source of antibiotic-related information for patients. Approximately 87% (n=26) of patient informants reported that doctors neither revealed the name nor classification of their diagnosis. Only 13% (n=4) were specifically told they had an upper respiratory tract infection. However, all patients in this sample were treated with antibiotics regardless of diagnosis or pathogenic etiology. Conclusion: The findings of the present study may provide important insights for designing future interventions to promote public health awareness concerning unnecessary and inappropriate use of antibiotics in China.
Upregulation of ARNTL2 Predicts Poor Survival for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Explores its Associations with PD-L1 and Immune Infiltration
Authors: Wang Song , Ma Xueyou , Ying Yufan , Sun Jiazhu , Yang Zitong , Li Jiangfeng , Jin Ke , Wang Xiao , Xie Bo , Zheng Xiangyi , Liu Ben , Xie Liping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like 2 (ARNTL2) pertain to the PAS superfamily. Emerging evidences have demonstrated the carcinogenic roles of transcription factor ARNTL2 in human malignancies, while its roles in ccRCC remain elusive. We sought to explore the comprehensive roles of ARNTL2 in ccRCC and place major emphasis on its correlations with tumor immunity.Methods: The available data from GEO, TCGA and GTEx database were combined with our ccRCC patient tissues to verify the upregulation of ARNTL2, Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis, Cox regression analyses (including univariate and multivariate) were utilized to evaluate the prognostic values of ARNTL2, the potential biological mechanisms of ARNTL2 were analyzed by using GSEA method. The ssGSEA and xCell algorithm were employed to assess the correlations of ARNTL2 expression with tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), The spearman analyses were applied to investigate the relationships between ARNTL2 expression and the tumor mutational burden (TMB), PD-L1 expression and microsatellite instability (MSI) in pan-cancer.Results: ARNTL2 was overexpressed in ccRCC and increased ARNTL2 expression strongly linked to advanced clinical stage and unfavorable overall survival. ARNTL2 was recognized as an independent prognostic marker through cox regression analyses. A prognostic nomogram was subsequently constructed to predict 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival via integrating ARNTL2 expression with other clinicopathologic variables. GSEA analysis revealed that the focal adhesion, T cell receptor, cell cycle and JAK-STAT signaling pathway were remarkably enriched in high ARNTL2 samples. xCell analysis suggested that high expression of ARNTL2 exhibited an immune infiltration status similar to CD8+ inflamed ccRCC subtype, which characterized by a high infiltration level of CD8+ T cell and elevated expression level of the immune escape biomarkers such as PD-L1, PD-L2, PD1 and CTLA4. Further pan-cancer analysis indicated that ARNTL2 was tightly linked to TMB, MSI, PD-L1 expression, tumor immunity and poor OS in diverse cancer types.Conclusions: ARNTL2 is an independent adverse predictor of ccRCC patient survival and tightly linked to TMB, MSI, PD-L1 expression and immunity.
Systematic Profiling of Invasion-related Genes Signature Predicts Prognostic Features and Identificates Molecular Subtypes of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Ping , Tong Linlin , Song Yujia , Qu Hui , Chen Ying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Due to the high heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), molecular subtype based on gene expression profiles is of great significance for diagnosis, and prognosis prediction in patients with LUAD.Methods: Invasion-related genes were obtained from the CancerSEA database, and LUAD expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The ConsensusClusterPlus was used to obtain molecular subtypes based on invasion-related genes. The limma software package was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A multi-gene risk model was constructed by Lasso-Cox analysis. A nomogram was also constructed based on risk scores and meaningful clinical features.Results: 3 subtypes (C1, C2, C3) based on the expression of invasion-related genes were obtained. C3 had the worst prognosis. A total of 669 DEGs were identified among the subtypes. Pathway enrichment analysis results showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in the cell cycle, DNA replication, the p53 signaling pathway, and other tumor-related pathways. A 5-gene signature (KRT6A, MELTF, IRX5, MS4A1, CRTAC1) was identified by using Lasso-Cox analysis. The training, validation, and external independent cohorts proved that the model was robust and had better prediction ability than other lung cancer models. The gene expression results showed that the expression levels of MS4A1 and KRT6A in tumor tissues were higher than in normal tissues, while CRTAC1 expression in tumor tissues was lower than in normal tissues. At the same time, the 5 genes were significantly expressed in pan-cancer immune subtypes. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that MS4A1, KRT6A, and CRAT1 genes were both enriched in the HALLMARK_IL2_STAT5_SIGNALING pathway, and IRX5 and MELTF gene were both enriched in the HALLMARK_EPITHELIAL_MESENCHYMAL_TRANSITION pathway. Conclusion: The 5-gene signature prognostic stratification system based on invasion-related genes could be used to assess prognostic risk in patients with LUAD.
Study on the Syndrome Characteristics and Classification Model of Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer Based on Tongue and Pulse Data
Authors: Shi Yulin , Liu Jiayi , Hu Xiaojuan , Tu Liping , Cui Ji , Li Jun , Bi Zijuan , Li Jiacai , Xu Ling , Xu Jiatuo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor that affects people's health seriously. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is one of the effective methods for the treatment of advanced lung cancer, accurate TCM syndrome differentiation is essential to treatment. When the symptoms are not obvious, the traditional symptom-based syndrome differentiation cannot be carried out. There is a close relationship between syndrom and index of western medicine, the combination of micro index and macro symptom can assist syndrome differentiation effectively.Methods: Tongue and pulse data of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with Qi deficiency syndrome (n=163), patients with Yin deficiency syndrome (n=174) and healthy controls (n=185) were collected by using intelligent Tongue and Face Diagnosis Analysis-1 instrument and Pulse Diagnosis Analysis-1 instrument, respectively. The characteristics of tongue and pulse data were analyzed, the correlation analysis was also made on tongue and pulse data. And four machine learning methods, namely Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine and Neural Network, were used to establish the classification models based on symptoms, tongue & pulse data, and symptoms & tongue & pulse data, respectively.Results: Significant difference indexes of tongue diagnosis between Qi deficiency syndrome and Yin deficiency syndrome were TB-a, TB-S, TB-Cr, TC-a, TC-S, TC-Cr, perAll and the tongue coating texture indexes including TC-Con, TC-ASM, TC-MEAN, and TC-ENT. Significant difference indexes of pulse diagnosis were t4 and t5. The classification performance of each model based on different data sets was as follows: model of tongue & pulse data <model of symptom < model of symptom & tongue & pulse data. The Neural Network model had a better classification performance for the symptom & tongue & pulse data, with an area under the ROC curve and accuracy rate were 0.9401 and 0.8806.Conclusions:This study explored the characteristics of tongue and pulse data of NSCLC with Qi deficiency syndrome and Yin deficiency syndrome, and established syndromes classification model. It was feasible to use tongue and pulse data as one of the objective diagnostic indexes in Qi deficiency syndrome and Yin deficiency syndrome of NSCLC.Name of the registry: Chinese Clinical Trial RegistryTrial registration number: ChiCTR1900026008; ChiCTR-IOR-15006502 Date of registration: Jun. 04th, 2015URL of trial registry record: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=11119;http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=38828&htm=4 (This is a retrospective registration)
The Effect of Cognitive Functional Therapy for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Miki Takahiro , Kondo Yu , kurakata Hiroshi , Buzasi Eva , Takebayashi Tsuneo , Takasaki Hiroshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To apply the Bio-Psych-Social (BPS) model into clinical practice, it is important not to focus on psychosocial domains only since biomedical factors can also contribute to chronic pain conditions. The cognitive functional therapy (CFT) is the management system based on the BPS model for chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP). Objectives: To compare CFT with the other interventions for CNSLBP regarding pain, disability/functional status, QoL and psychological factors.Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Method: Literature Search was conducted in electronic search engines. Enrolled participants included 1) CNSLBP and 2) primary, secondary, or tertiary care patients. CFT was the interventions included. Comparisons were any types of treatment.Results: Three studies met the eligibility criteria. The total number of participants was 336. For pain intensity, MD [95% CIs] was -2.78 [-2.78−0.02] and -1.01 [-1.92−-0.10] at intermediate and long term for two studies, respectively. About disability/functional status, SMD [95% CIs] was -0.76 [-1.46−-0.07]　at the intermediate for three studies and MD [95% CIs] was -0.84 [-11.47−-5.49] at long term for two studies. About fear of physical activity, MD [95% CIs] was -3.01 [-5.14−-0.88] and -3.56 [-6.43−-0.68] at intermediate and long term for two studies, respectively. No studies reported scores associated with QOL. All the quality of the evidence was very low.Conclusions: Three studies were included and the quality of all the evidence was very low. Although the study found statistically significant differences in some measures, the effectiveness of the CFT will need to be re-evaluated in the future.PROSPERO registration number CRD42020158182